A history and description, with reminiscences, of the fox terrier

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THE

FOX TERRIER.

A

HISTORY AND D'ES1'

WITH

REMINISCENCES,

OF THE

FOX TERRIER.

RAW DON LEE,

AUTHOR OK " MODERN DOGS,"
K E N N E L EDITOR OK "THE K I E L D," ETC

JHE ILLUSTRATIONS BY ^R/THUI\ WARDLE

THIRD EDITION, ENLARGED.

LONDON:

HORACE COX,

"THE FIELD" OFFICE, BREAM'S BUILDINGS, CHANCERY

LANE, E.C.

1895,

F&Lf

LONDON :
PRINTED BY HORACE COX, WINDSOR HOL'SK,

BREAM'S BUILDINGS, E.C.

PREFACE TO THE THIRD EDITION.

NEW EDITION of this volume being required so
soon after the earlier publications, appears to be
some little evidence that the popularity of the
Fox Terrier is not yet on the wane.

This fresh issue is very considerably extended, and
now contains 239 pages and fourteen portraits, against
148 pages and eight portraits in the first edition. In
addition to being brought quite up to date, the present
volume includes amplified particulars as to rearing, feed-
ing, and training terriers as companions and as house-dogs.
Their ordinary ailments are likewise more fully dealt with,
and besides, there is a variety of information likely to
be useful to all who keep a little dog.

The additional illustrations are portraits of the smooth-
coated fox terriers Venio, Lyons Sting, D'Orsay, and Dame
Fortune ; and of the wire-haired fox terriers Jack St. Leger
and Charnwood Marion.

RAWDON LEE.

BRIXTON,

February, 1895.

697658

PREFACE TO THE FIRST EDITION

VOLUME such as this purports to be, devoted
to a variety of terrier, would twenty years ago
have been considered altogether superfluous.
Now, in 1889, so popular have dogs grown, and such
attention is given them, that a book which in its entirety
tells of the variety most popular of all — the Fox Terrier,
as he has been and as he is — becomes, as it were, one of
the necessities of the day. And so I was requested to do
the best I could .in the matter.

The result of my labours is given in the following pages,
and if the reader fails to rind any novelty therein, he will,
at any rate, have a resume of the history of the smooth-
coated and wire-haired fox terriers, and some few trifling
scraps of information that have not hitherto appeared in
print.

That this little dog does actually possess a status in
society may be inferred from the fact that, in addition to a
monthly journal (The Fox Terrier Chronicle] to look after
its interests, there are a number of special clubs to do like-
wise ; a parent club, with several minor institutions.

The Fox Terrier is now best known as a dog for exhibi-

Preface.

tion purposes, and as a -companion. This notwithstanding,
I have not altogether lost sight of the purpose for which
he was originally given to the world ; and, believing in his
courage, which I have often seen tested to the utmost
by " flood and field," have endeavoured to maintain his
character as a sporting dog.

The illustrations, from drawings by my friend Arthur
Wardle, are, I think, thoroughly successful — the larger ones
as portraits, the vignettes as ornamental and characteristic.
With regard to the frontispiece, where those good ola
terriers, Grove Nettle, Jock, and Tartar, are depicted, the
portraits are taken, in so far as the bitch is concerned, from
a painting by Turner, kindly lent for the purpose by the
Rev. C. T. Fisher ; and with regard to the two dogs, from
photographs issued at the time these celebrities were in the
flesh and invincible on the show bench. Three thorough
terriers in every respect, and if somewhat unlike in type,
they combine all the essentials required to perpetuate and
improve a variety.

BRIXTON, LONDON,
April, 1889.

PREFACE TO THE SECOND EDITION.

so early a demand has been made
for the publication of a second edition, I have
taken the opportunity thus afforded to con-
siderably extend the work. The additions will, I believe,
be found interesting to the admirer of the fox terrier, and
I hope they may in the future prove of some little value
to the historian of this favourite little dog. Two of the
larger engravings, those of the smooth-coated Vesuvienne
and of the wire-haired Carlisle Tyro, have been replaced
by others of the same dogs. These are not only excel-
lent as portraits of the terriers they represent, but are
thoroughly typical of their varieties. The latter, I fancy,
they will remain for years to come, changes in type and
fashion notwithstanding.

BRIXTON, LONDON,
February, 1890.

CONTENTS.

PAGE.

Preface v

CHAPTER I.

Introductory — Old Writers on Terriers — " The Fox
Terrier," 1806 — Value of Terriers a century ago
— Colour of Fox Terriers — Their Varieties —
Modern Comparisons i

CHAPTER II.

Increasing Popularity — Early Shows — Old Jock, par-
ticulars of his purchase — Tartar, Old Trap, and
Grove Nettle — Notable Kennels — Black and Tan
Heads — Growing disuse of the Fox Terrier with
Hounds — Exceptions 25

CHAPTER III.

More Notabilities — Ear Dropping and other Mal-
practices— Forming a Kennel — The Fox Terrier
Club — Some Modern Kennels — The Best Terriers
— Measurements 53

CHAPTER IV.

Six Good Dogs — The Fox Terrier Club's Scale of
Points — A Prize Description — General Ideas —
With Otter Hounds — Mr. Vicary's Opinion —
Charley Littleworth on Terriers — Working and
Training — Coursing Rabbits — Comparisons by

Mr. Doyle 107

b

Contents.

CHAPTER V. PU;E.

The Wire-haired Fox Terrier — His Gameness — York-
shire and Devonshire Strains — The Rev. John
Russell's Terriers — The Sealy Ham Terrier — Mr.
J. H. B. Cowley's Terriers — Crosses — The Best
Dogs — A Beverley Kennel 141

CHAPTER VI.

General Treatment — Registration — Stud Books —
Forming a Kennel — Breeding and Rearing
Puppies — Training as Companions and as House
Dogs — Children and Dogs — Preparing for Show —
Simple Ailments — Remedies — Poisons — Trim-
ming— General Remarks on Dog Shows 187

CHAPTER VII.
The Fox Terrier Club— Its Officers and Rules— Other

Clubs ... 213

Index.. 221

ILLUSTRATIONS.

PAGE

JOCK, GROVE NETTLE, AND TARTAR Frontispiece

" WAIT UNTIL I'VE DONE." (Vignette) .. X

THE FOX TERRIER, 1806 15

OLD ENGLISH TERRIERS. (Vignette) 24

"A RACE FOR LIFE." (Vignette) 52

PORTRAIT OF "RESULT" 75

PORTRAITS OF DAME FORTUNE AND D'ORSAY 8l

PORTRAIT OF " VESUVIENNE " 87

PORTRAITS OF VENIO AND LYONS STING 89

" ON THE BENCH." (Vignette) 106

"WHAT COMES NEXT?" (Vignette) ... 140

PORTRAIT OF "CARLISLE TACK." 165

PORTRAIT OF "CARLISLE TYRO." ... 171

PORTRAITS OF JACK ST. LEGER AND CHARNWOOD

MARION ... ... 173

"RATHER DOUBTFUL." (Vignette) 1 86

"A GUARD AT EUSTON STATION." (Vignette) 212

THE SLEEPY PUPPY. (Vignette) 219

" A LONG, LEAN, EVENLY MARKED HEAD." (Vignette) 239

THE Fox TERRIER.

CHAPTER I.

INTRODUCTORY — OLD WRITERS ON TERRIERS — " THE
Fox TERRIER," 1806 — THE VALUE OF TERRIERS A
CENTURY AGO — COLOUR OF Fox TERRIERS — THEIR
VARIETIES — MODERN COMPARISONS.

|lTH the fashion changing in dogs pretty nearly
as frequently as it does in dress, there is little
wonder that the fox terrier of the present day
has become a different animal in appearance from the one
so regular an attendant with packs of hounds a century
ago. Now, in nine cases out of ten, he is produced for his
beauty alone, for his symmetry, for his graceful contour,
for his endearing disposition. When our great-grand-
fathers lived, and before they were born, the fox terrier,
bred for use, was only considered an ornament when he
went to ground well, was able to successfully battle with
the fox or the badger, and kill single-handed the foulmart
(or polecat) and other predaceous vermin. So the fox
terrier must have a history ; possibly, if he did not contain
at any rate some little portion of blue blood, an aristo-
cratic lineage, one of his charms as a smart and lively
companion might be missing.

B

The EQX^ Terrier.

When tKe Jle^rftGd'Dir^CaiuSj in: the year 1570, wrote
what he knew about a terrier, the little quadruped had his
home in the kennels of those days, sheds, in fact, where
his bed was often filthy straw, and his food any scraps he
might filch from the more important hounds. The latter
were fairly well fed, especially when a cow sickened and
died, or a horse in the locality of the kennels broke a leg,
but the little terrier had, in nine cases out of ten, to look
out for himself, and usually bore a bad reputation. He
was said to bite and be cantankerous, predisposed to
mange, and only a fit companion for the stable-boy or the
feeder. That he was not exterminated by all the ill-
treatment he had suffered for generations is surprising,
and proof positive of his hardihood — a survival of the
fittest indeed.

How the fox terrier was first produced we have nothing
but mere supposition to determine, though, further on, an
interesting little bit of canine history more than suggests that
Dick Burton, once first whip to the Burton (Lincolnshire)
hounds, first produced the modern type of fox terrier. That
there have been varieties of terriers of one kind and another
for many hundreds of years no one doubts. The Chinese
have had terriers possibly longer than we in this country
have possessed ours. The former had the credit of eating
theirs ; our forefathers preferred using them for a different
purpose. However, if the Chinese gentry did prefer dogs
as food, the Tartars, their near neighbours, treated their
terriers better; and, no doubt, amongst the five thousand
"hounds," Marco Polo, writing in the thirteenth century,
tells us the Grand Khan kept, there would be at least a
few terriers, for this gigantic pack contained several
varieties of the canine race. Even at that time many of

Juliana Berners.

the nobility in the East preferred to talk of their hounds
rather than of politics, just as is the case at the
present day with some of our country squires. Small
dogs as pets and companions were known amongst the
Egyptians. Empresses caressed and fondled them long
before Great Britain had become a mighty power in the
world. Civilisation could afford to keep such luxuries
which semi-barbarity could not. As our civilisation
increased, the huge, savage dogs which our conquerors
imported to the Roman arena were allowed to languish,
and the fierce mastiff gave place to the more .gentle
hound, followed by the spaniel, and later by the pet dogs
and little terriers. By selection the latter could easily
be manufactured. At the present time, any person with
the taste and inclination so to do, could produce a new
variety of dog, say in ten years. No wonder, then, that at
the present time so many breeds and varieties are dis-
tributed throughout the universe. Possibly in England
there are more than in any other country, not excepting
even America, whose citizens have of late years emulated
us by their admiration of these favoured little quadrupeds.

That gallant lady, Dame Juliana Berners, with whose
quaint and early treatise on angling most devotees of Izaak
Walton are well acquainted, discoursed with equal ability
upon hunting and cognate subjects. In that portion of the
" Book of St. Albans " dealing with venerie, and which
was published in 1486, some ten years or so before the
angling addition, the terrier is only casually alluded to, for
the reason, no doubt, that the wild boar and the stag were
far ahead in the estimation of the hunter than the fox —
even the hare in those days receiving more attention as a
quarry than reynard. One would very much like to have

B 2

The Fox Terrier.

heard what the Abbess of Sopewell said of her terriers —
" teroures " they were called — and how she worked them.

Earlier, however, than the time of Dame Berners, an
allusion to terriers is found in a fourteenth century manu-
script, quoted by Strutt in his " Sports and Pastimes," and
from which he reproduces an engraving. This is an illus-
tration of three men, who, assisted by a dog and spades,
are " unearthing a fox." The colour of the dog is not ascer-
tainable, nor can I make sure that it has been underground,
for the fox is only in part out of the hole, and the terrier
(or whatever variety the dog may be) is springing on to
his prey from a little rising ground immediately behind.
Possibly a second terrier is out of sight in the earth. Two
of the hunters are in the act of digging, whilst the third is
vigorously blowing a horn. It may be interesting to state
that in the original engraving this terrier possesses a long,
narrow head, not unlike that of the greyhound in shape, his
tail is long and uncut, he is smooth-coated and has erect
ears. Elaine in his " Rural Sports" reproduces the
picture, and, with a liberty that is quite inexcusable,
converts the terrier into a wire-haired or long-coated one,
white in colour and with a dark patch over one eye. He
also attempts to make the original manuscript of greater
antiquity than is actually the case by describing the picture
as " Saxons bolting a fox."

No doubt, at any rate so far as the British Isles are con-
cerned, this record, which the learned Strutt has given us,
is the oldest upon which any reliance can be placed.
Some may say that the dog given is not a terrier, but
I believe that the picture is intended to represent such a
terrier as might be the common dog at that time. It is
little bigger than the iox upon which it would like to seize,

Dr. Cains.

and the general surroundings of the quaint picture are
altogether in favour of .my supposition.

We must now, hunter-like, jump over all obstacles, and
many years, until the time when Dr. Caius wrote, nearly
a century later than Juliana Berners. He " a doctor of
Phisicke in the Universitie of Cambridge " and a man
" exceeding skilled and sagacious in the investigation of
recondite matters/' wrote the first book on " Englishe
Dogges " in Latin, and one Abraham Fleming made the
translation, which he dedicated to the Dean of Ely.
Rychard Johnes printed the same in 1576, and sold it
i( over against St. Sepulchres Church without Newgate."
In 1880 Mr. L. U. Gill, 170, Strand, London, reprinted the
scarce volume in modern form, and such no doubt is the
reason why " A Treatisse of Englishe Dogges " has so
often been quoted.

After informing us that all English dogs " be either of a
gentle kind, serving the game, a homely kind, apt for
sundry necessary uses, a currish kind, meet for many toys,"
Dr. Caius describes the varieties of hounds as known in
his day, and then proceeds to tell us of the class with
which we have at present to do. This is " of a dogge
called terrar, in Latin Terrarius." Of him the old writer
says, " Another sorte there is which hunteth the Fox and
the Badger or Greye onely, whom we call Terrars, because
they (after the manner and custome of ferrets in searching
for Connyes) creep into the grounde, and by that meanes
make afrayde, nyppe and bite the Foxe and the Badger
in such sorte that eyther they teare them in pieces with
theyr teeth, beyng in the bosome of the earth, or else
hayle and pull them perforce out of theyr lurking angles,
darke dongeons, and close caues ; or at the least through

6 The Fox Terrier.

cocened feare drive them out of theire hollow harbours, in
so much that they are compelled to prepare speedie flyte,
and, being desirous of the next (albeit not the safest)
refuge, are otherwise taken and intrapped with snayres
and nettes layde over holes to the same purpose. But
these be the least in that kynde called Sagax." Here,
though in quaint writing, is a description of the use a fox
terrier ought to be put to at the present day, although
setting nets before a fox earth would scarcely be called
legitimate sport in the nineteenth century. Still, if a net
is not used for foxes, its equivalent in a big sack is often
enough, even now, found useful when the " badger or
graye " be sought.

What Gervase Markham wrote about terriers early in
1600 is not of much account, for, however learned that
great man might be, he was, after all, a mere bookmaker,
as the numerous works he wrote plainly testify. Not
satisfied with giving us elegant disquisitions on hunting,
archery, and other sports, he wrote and filled volume after
volume on military tactics, housewifery, heraldry, &c., and
wound up by composing poems, and posing as a dramatist.

Nicholas Cox's well-known volume, " The Gentleman's
Recreation," published in 1667, provides less information
about the terriers of that day than one would have ex-
pected. He describes them as of two sorts — one wdth legs
more or less crooked, with short coats; the other, straighter
on their legs, and with long jackets. Possibly the first-
named were the ordinary turnspits, or, may be, some bold
breeder of the Dandie Dinmont will lay claim to them as the
original progenitors of that variety of vermin terrier. Any-
how, whatever these crooked-legged dogs were, the long-
coated ones "with shaggy hair," like water spaniels, were

Blome's "Gentleman's Recreation." 7

said to be the best workers, because they could both chase
their game above ground and drive it from the earths, as
occasion required. Useful dogs, no doubt, to possess, and
it seems almost a pity we have not the variety with
us now. Other authors have followed much in the same
strain ; indeed, the general description of the terrier
about this time appears to have been copied by one
writer after another without acknowledgment, and without
taking any trouble to ascertain the truth of the original
statement. Master Cox, especially, seems to have been a
great offender in this respect — not only where he deals
with dogs, but where he treats of the fishes likewise.
Thus, whether it be worth while to allude to him and
contemporary writers is quite a matter of opinion. Hugh
Dalziel in his book, " British Dogs," says that Cox
plagiarised his descriptions from early French writers,
and if he did, and Mr. Dalziel gives reasonable proofs of
the truth of his assertion, it is likely enough that some
of the terriers described by Nicholas Cox were either a
variety of dachshund or of basset hound, various strains of
which, of almost all sizes, shapes, colours, and textures of
coat, have for centuries been common enough on the
continent.

The writer who suggested that terriers could be obtained
by breeding between a " mongrel mastiff and a beagle "
was Blome, who, following the example of Cox, some
years after the latter's publication — viz., in 1686 — rendered
himself famous by the appearance of his "The Gentleman's
Recreation." Whether a man who would suggest the pro-
duction of suitable terriers by such a cross as the above
was the proper person to deal with sport and dogs from a
practical point of view, is surely to be doubted. He bore

8 The Fox Terrier.

but a sorry character in his lifetime, for it was said he " was
esteemed as a most impudent person ; ... he gets
a livelihood by bold practices . . . originally a ruler
of books and paper, who had since practiced for divers
years progging tricks, in employing necessitous persons to
write in several arts." Blome's description may, however,
be interesting to the curious, so here it is. " The terrier is
a very small dog, used for hunting the fox and the badger,
his business being to go into the earths and bay them —
that is, to keep them in an angle (a fox's earth having
divers) whilst they are dug out, for by their baying or
barking is known whereabouts the fox is, that he may be
the better dug out. And for this use the terrier is very
serviceable, being of an admirable scent to find out. A
couple of terriers are commonly used, in order that a fresh
one may be put in to relieve that which first went under
ground." There is nothing particularly wrong in the above,
nor is there in the following extract from the same author :
" Everybody that is a fox hunter is of opinion that he hath
a good breed, and some will say that the terrier is a
peculiar species of itself. I shall not say anything to the
affirmative or negative of the point." Blome concludes
by saying that the cross already mentioned " generally
proves good ; the result thereof hath courage and a thick
skin as participating of the cur, and is mouthed for the
beagle."

Whatever was the case during the seventeenth century,
there is no doubt that now the "terrier is a peculiar species
of itself" careful and judicious selection through a series
of generations having made it as much so as any other dog
we possess. A thick skin is quite as useful a commodity
in the canine as it is in the human race, but the old writer

The " Compleate Sportsman." 9

is scarcely complimentary when he attributes that quality
as a distinctive feature of the " cur." The latter must not
be taken as the collie or sheep dog, by which name the
latter is known at the present time in many parts of the
country, but rather as a cross-bred, hardy animal, one not
to be dismayed by hard bites or blows and the bitterness
of the elements. Nor of necessity need such dogs be
mongrels, the latter, no doubt, coming under the applica-
tion of " dunghill dogs," as used by Dame Juliana Berners
in her " Book of St. Albans."

In the " Compleate Sportsman " (1718), Jacobs mentions
two sorts of terriers, which he describes pretty much as
Nicholas Cox had done before him, so a repetition thereof
need not be made here ; and, although one modern writer
believes that the fox terrier was manufactured within the
present thirty years or so, no further proof need be
given than has so far appeared in these pages, that such
terriers have been common in England for, at any rate,
ten times thirty years. In fact, with the country overrun
as it was in those days, with four-footed vermin of all
kinds, which destroyed the poultry and played sad havoc
with the flocks, dogs of one sort or another to keep down
the marauders were simply a necessity. And a terrier
small enough to drag the fox from his earth, or kill him
therein, was found the most useful for the purpose. So
long as he could do this, appearance and colour were not
taken into consideration to any great extent.

About 1760, Daniel, in his " Field Sports," goes a little
oyt of the beaten track in writing on the terriers of his
day, and his description must be taken as correct,
made from the animals themselves, of which it has been
said that author kept a considerable number. " There

10 The Fox Terrier.

are two sorts of terriers," said he, " the one rough, short-
legged, long-backed, very strong, and most commonly of a
black or yellowish colour, mixed with white ; the other is
smooth-haired and beautifully formed, having a shorter
body and more sprightly appearance, is generally of a
reddish-brown colour, or black with tanned legs. Both
these sorts are the determined foe of all the vermin kind,
and in their encounters with the badger very frequently
meet with severe treatment, which they sustain with great
courage, and a thoroughbred, well-trained terrier often
proves more than a match for his opponent/' Here we
have terriers written of as thoroughbred, so, although they
are not particularly mentioned in connection with the fox,
there is little doubt that they were oftener used in his earths
than in the badger's den.

Perhaps, as a matter of completeness, before dealing, as
it were, collectively, with the authorities, and the various
sporting publications which saw the light during the first
fifteen years of the present century, attention may specially
be given to the " Cynographia Britannica," written by
Sydenham Edwards, and published in 1800. He describes
our terriers more fully than previous wrriters, but much in
the same strain. His note about the so-called " Tumbler"
is specially interesting and valuable.

Edwards writes, " That from the evidence of Ossian's
poems, the terrier appears to have been an original native
of this island. Linnaeus says it was introduced upon the
continent so late as the reign of Frederick I. (this would
be towards the end of the seventeenth century). It is
doubtless the Vertagris or Tumbler of Raii and others.
Raii says it used stratagem in taking its prey, some say
tumbling and playing until it came near enough to seize."

A Good Character. 11

This supposititious quality, so natural to the cat race, when
applied to the dog I consider a mere fable ; but it has led
to a strange error — later naturalists having, from Rail's
description, concluded that a variety of the dog possessing
most extraordinary properties had become extinct.
Sydenham Edwards continues, ''the most distinct varieties
are the crooked-legged and straight-legged ; their colours
generally black, with tanned legs and muzzles, a spot of
the same colour over each eye ; though they are sometimes
reddish fallow or white and pied. The white kind have
been in request of late years. The ears are short, some
erect, others pendulous ; these and part of the tail are
usually cut off ; some rough and some smooth-haired.
Many sportsmen prefer the wire-haired, supposing them to
be the harder biters, but this is not always the case. . . .
The terrier is querulous, fretful, and irascible, high spirited
and alert when brought into action ; if he has not unsubdued
perseverance like the bull-dog, he has rapidity of attack,
managed with art and sustained with spirit ; it is not what
he will bear, but what he will inflict. His action protects
himself, and his bite carries death to his opponents ; he
dashes into the hole of the fox, drives him from his
recesses, or tears him to pieces in his stronghold ; and he
forces the reluctant, stubborn badger into light. As his
courage is great, so is his genius extensive ; he will trace
with the foxhounds, hunt with the beagle, find for the
greyhound, or beat with the spaniel. Of wild cats,
martens, polecats, weasels, and rats, he is the vigilant and
determined enemy ; he drives the otter from the rocky
clefts on the banks of the rivers, nor declines the combat
in a new element." Here is an excellent character, and
no wonder with such a one the fox terrier was, even in

12 The Fox Terrier.

1800, on the highway to the extraordinary popularity he
enjoys at the present time.

As the fox terrier was known then and a couple of
centuries earlier, the reader must not expect to find a
shapely, handsomely marked animal like the one of the
present day. Possibly any little dog that " Caius, the
profound clerk and ravenous devourer of learning," had
running at his heels was black or brown coloured, long-
bodied, on short legs, the latter perhaps more or less
crooked ; and, if he were produced by a cross between "the
mongrel mastiff and the beagle," his weight might be
nearer 4olb. than I5lb., the latter no doubt the most
useful size for underground purposes. But old pictures of
terriers dating back 300 years illustrate mongrel-looking
creatures, some of them bearing more or less the distinctive
characteristic of the turnspit. Others show a considerable
trace of hound blood, but not one, so far as the writer has
come across, is hound marked, or bears any more white
than is usually found on the chest or feet of any dog.
Mr. J. A. Doyle, a well-known admirer of the fox terrier,
and who contributed the article thereon to " The Book of
the Dog," first published in 1881, says that when in Vienna
he noticed a painting of fruit, flowers, &c., with a dog in
the foreground, which, to all intents and purposes, was a
specimen of the fox terrier of the present day, both in
colour and general shape. The artist whose work the
painting was, bears the somewhat English name of
Hamilton, and flourished about a century and three-
quarters ago. The dictionaries, however, say he was a
Dutch painter. No earlier picture than this has been found
containing anything approaching the white and hound
marked fox terrier.

Wardrobe " Accounts. 13

The Earl of Monteith over 200 years ago had an excel-
lent strain of terriers, good at vermin of all kinds, but
especially useful as fox killers. It has been said that
James I. possessed some of these little dogs. That this
sometimes called " most unkingly of monarchs " kept
hounds is a matter of history, but whether he worked the
terriers to assist them we are not told. Long before
James's time, dogs had been found useful in conjunction
with nets for the purpose of catching foxes, also to kill
them as vermin, and possibly terriers were first used as
fox terriers under such circumstances. The wardrobe
accounts of Edward I. show the following entries : " Anno
1299 and 1300. Paid to William de Foxhunte the King's
huntsman of foxes in divers forests and parks for his own
wages, and the wages of his two boys to take care of the
dogs, £g 33." " Paid to the same for the keep of 12 dogs
belonging to the King," &c. " Paid to the same for the
expense of a horse to carry the nets."

However, perhaps more to the purpose than this extract,
is the copy of an old engraving which lies before me at the
present time, entitled "James L, Hawking." A better title
would perhaps have been " James L, a swell or masher of
the period," for his royal highness is sadly overdressed.
Fawning at the feet of the monarch are four dogs, evi-
dently terriers, though some persons might consider them
beagles. They are certainly terrier-shaped in heads and
sterns, though the dog most distinctly shown is hound
marked, and possesses larger ears than the others. One
in the corner, evidently almost or quite white, possesses
what at the present time would be called a " well-shaped,
terrier-like head," and, although one ear is carried rather
wide from the skull, the other drops nicely. From these

14 The Fox Terrier.

four dogs a clever man could even then have produced a
fair specimen of the modern fox terrier. Although so
drawn as above, James, no doubt, preferred hunting to
hawking, and could not always have been the elaborately
dressed creature as he appears in the engraving mentioned,
for there is a story told that whilst with the hounds at Bury
St. Edmunds, the Sovereign's attention was attracted by the
gaudy apparel worn by one of the hunters. " Who is
that?" said the king. "Sire/1 was the answer " that man
is named Lamb." " Ahem," replied the royal joker, "his
name maybe Lamb, and an appropriate one it be, for surely
he has gotten a fleece upon his back."

With the commencement of the present century and
towards the close of the last one, more was written about
terriers, and, as useful little dogs, they were gradually
becoming appreciated. Beckford alludes to black or white
terriers, and from these two varieties white ones with
black marks could easily be produced. The same author
mentions a strain of terriers so like a fox in colour that
awkward people frequently mistake the one for the other,
and proceeds to say that " If you prefer Terriers to run
with the pack, large ones at times are extremely useful, but
in an earth they do little good, as they cannot always get
up to their fox."

Between the years 1800 and 1805 an unusually large
number of sporting books and works on hunting and dogs
were published, all of which dealt more or less with terriers.
"The Sporting Dictionary," 1803, says, "Terriers of even
the best blood are now bred of all colours — red, black with
tan faces, flanks, feet, and legs ; brindled, sandy, some few
brown pied, white pied, and pure white ; as well as one
sort of each colour rough and wire-haired, the other soft

Black and Tan Terriers. 15

and smooth ; and, what is rather more extraordinary, the
latter not much deficient in courage to the former, but the
rough breed must be acknowledged the most severe and
invincible biter of the two. Since foxhunting is so
deservedly and universally popular in every country where
it can be enjoyed, these faithful little animals have become
so exceedingly fashionable that few stables of the inde-
pendent are seen without them. Four and five guineas is
no great price for a handsome, well-bred terrier."

Here we have a description of the terrier very much as
he still remains. There are the red or fawn ones which
may be represented to-day by the Irish variety ; the black
with tan faces, &c., by the so-called Welsh terrier ; and the
white and white pied whose individuality may be found in
the modern fox terrier. The latter, the handsomest, became
the most popular, though there is little doubt that ninety
years ago the fox terrier proper was a black and tan dog.
S. Elmer draws us such a one in Daniel's " Rural Sports,"
where a good-looking dog in every way, is going to a fox
whose head is just peeping out from an earth. And, as
additional proof of what a fox terrier was in 1806, we
reproduce here an engraving from a mezzotint of " The
Fox Terrier," from an original picture by De Wilde, pub-
lished August 4, 1806, by Laurie and Whittle, 53, Fleet-
street, London.

This is undoubtedly a black and tan dog, somewhat
ragged in his coat, which, though inclined to be wavy,
must in reality have been as free from actual roughness
as many of the smooth-coated variety we see to-day.
He has drop ears; after the orthodox fashion of the
present time, a docked tail, " good straight fore legs, fair
feet, and nice bone." A terrier, about i81b. in weight,

16 The Fox Terrier.

lacking character somewhat, but bearing, in all but colour,
a resemblance to the present-time dog. In some of the
Buffet strains we have repeatedly seen animals very much
of the shape and style of this terrier, as De Wilde has
drawn him. The engraving, a rare one, indeed the only
copy I have seen or heard of is that in the writer's posses-
sion, will no doubt do something to assist us in arriving
at a satisfactory decision as to the original colour of the
real fox terrier.

In Bingley's " Memoirs of British Quadrupeds" (1809)
two terriers are beautifully etched by Howitt. In a copy
of this excellent work, now lying on my library table, the
plates are coloured. One of the dogs, wire-haired, is a
sort of dark blue and tan in hue, with semi-prick ears, and
an uncut tail ; the other, with erect ears, is smooth coated
and black and tan, both rich in colour, less than 2olb. in
weight, and likely enough from their appearance to kill
either fox, rat, or weasel. As a fact, the wire-haired
terrier has just given the finishing shakes, which have
extinguished the last sparks of life in a foulmart, whilst
the smooth dog, more in the background, is evidently
growling and snarling at his mate for having had the little
bit of work all to himself. The admired author of the book
says :

" This dog has its name of terrier or terrarius from its
usually subterraneous employment in forcing foxes and
other beasts of prey out of their dens, and, in former
times, driving rabbits from their burrows (sic). It is
generally an attendant upon every pack of foxhounds, and
is the determined enemy of all kinds of vermin — such as
weasels, foulmarts, rats, &c. The terrier is a fierce, keen,
and hardy animal, and will encounter even the badger,

The Rev. W. Daniel 17

from which he sometimes meets with very severe treat-
ment. A well-trained and veteran dog, however, frequently
proves more than a match for that powerful animal. Some
terriers are rough, and others smooth haired. They are
generally reddish brown or black, of a long form, short
legged, and strongly bristled about the muzzle/'

For some unaccountable reason this letterpress descrip-
tion does not tally with the illustration, and, although either
of the couple of terriers might account for a fox, or even a
badger, neither would be likely to drive a rabbit out of
its burrow. Terriers to do the latter would be few and
far between, for, given dogs even small enough to enter
an ordinary rabbit hole, they would be so weak and puny
that a strong buck rabbit might prove more than a match
for them.

The Rev. William Daniel tells us little about fox terriers,
though he recommends that when young they should not
be entered to the badger, " for," he says, " they do not
understand shifting like old ones, and, if good for any-
thing, would probably go boldly up to the badger and be
terribly bitten ; for this reason, if possible, they should be
entered to young foxes. . . . With respect to the
digging of foxes which hounds run to ground, if the hole
be straight and earth slight, follow it, and in following the
hole, by keeping below its level, it cannot be lost ; but in a
strong earth it is best to let the terrier fix the fox in an
angle of it, and a pit be then sunk as near to him as
can be. A terrier should always be kept at the fox, who
otherwise may move, and in loose ground dig himself
further in ; in digging keep plenty of room, and take care
to throw the earth where it may not have to be moved
again. Huntsmen, when near the fox, will sometimes put

C

18 The Fox Terrier.

a hound into the earth to draw him ; this answers no
other purpose than to cause the dog a bad bite, which a
few minutes' more labour would render unnecessary ; or,
if the fox must be drawn by a hound, first introduce a
whip, which the fox will seize, and the hound will then
draw him out more readily."

One would scarcely think such elaborate instructions were
required to tell us how to make a fox bolt. A terrier for
the purpose should, without any to-do, go right in to his
game, and bark at it and worry until " red rover " finds
his apartment underground too uncomfortable for occupa-
tion. There is always considerable danger in digging
a fox out when the terrier is with him, especially in large
earths, for rocks may be displaced, roll upon and crush
the dog, or the entrance may be blocked up by stones
and fallen earth, to the suffocation of everything under-
neath.

Although the terrier is a natural and inveterate enemy
to the fox, there are times when the two will live together
and feed from the same dish, and " Stonehenge " gives
particulars of the two breeding together. As to how a
terrier bitch suckled a vixen's cubs, Daniel gives a some-
what pathetic incident. On the last day of the season
that author's hounds, hunting near Sudbury, had an
extraordinarily fast run of an hour, when the fox went to
ground. The terriers, owing to the pace, were left far
behind, and as the master wished to blood his hounds, a
terrier bitch from the village was produced, and, with
another dog, drove or killed the fox, which was thrown to
the pack. Whilst the operation of breaking up was pro-
gressing, one of the terriers slipped back into the earth,
and in due course a bitch fox was dug out and two cubs

The Sportsman's Cabinet. 19

worried underground. The mother was allowed to escape,
but her three other cubs were taken and put to the terrier
which had killed the first brace. The bitch took kindly
enough to the little things, and suckled and attended them
equally as well as her own offspring, which had been born
five weeks previously to the time she adopted her foster
children.

The " Sportsman's Cabinet," published in two volumes in
1803-4, two years after the first volume of Daniel's " Rural
Sports " appeared, contains an engraving by Scott from a
spirited painting by Reinagle. Here we have three terriers,
one of which is white, with marks on his head and a patch
at the set on of stern. This is a wire-haired dog, with a
docked tail and erect ears, showing traces of a bull-terrier
cross from the shape of the skull and in his general
character. Another, evidently a white dog, is disappearing
from sight in an earth, whilst the third appears to be a
dark coloured dog, with a broad white collar and white
marks on his muzzle ; his ears are likewise erect. All will
pass muster as fox terriers, and if a little wide in chest for
modern fancy and prevailing fashion they are strong-jawed
and appear eager for the fray.

The writer in the " Sportsman's Cabinet" (two hand-
some volumes, originally published at seven guineas), after
alluding to the several strains of terriers, says : " The
genuine and lesser breed of terrier is still preserved
uncontaminate amongst the superior order of sportsmen,
and constantly employed in a business in which his name,
his size, his fortitude, persevering strength, and invincible
ardour, all become so characteristically and truly sub-
servient, that he may justly be said 'to labour cheerfully
in his vocation ; ' this is in his emulous and exulting

C 2

20 The Fox Terrier.

attendance upon the foxhounds, where, like the most
dignified and exulting personage in a public procession,
though last, he is not the least in consequence/'

The same writer goes on to say that the white pied bitch
(already described) is the dam of a wonderful progeny,
most of which have been sold at high prices, " seven
recently for one and twenty guineas, and these are as true
a breed of the small sort as any in England/'

A pleasing, if rather ponderous, eulogy on the fox
terrier, and one which most members of the fox terrier
clubs at the present day should fully appreciate, though
they would scarcely consider their choicest puppies well
sold at three guineas apiece.

Still, in their lines, our terrier had admirers possibly as
ardent ninety or a hundred years ago as is the case now.
Then masters of foxhounds were extremely particular in
their selection, requiring in their terriers at the same time
strength, intelligence, and gameness. Another author
about that period, tells us that the black, and black and
tanned, or rough wire-haired pied are preferred, as those
inclining to a reddish colour are sometimes in the clamour
of the chase taken for the fox, and halloaed to as such.

Although I have mentioned at length so many writers on
terriers, allusion must again be made to Mr. Delabere
Elaine, who, in 1840, published his " Encyclopaedia of Rural
Sports," which no doubt gave Mr. J. H. Walsh his idea of
his " Rural Sports," which followed some fifteen years
later. Elaine provides much nice reading and useful infor-
mation in his immense volume, and, amongst other illustra-
tions, gives us a team of terriers attacking a badger. Some
of these little dogs are white with markings, others being
whole coloured, dark pepper and salts, or black and tans.

Two Varieties. 21

This writer, thus early, laments that "the occupation of
the fox terrier is almost- gone, for the fox is less frequently
dug out than formerly, and it was thus only that the terrier
was of use, either to draw the fox or to inform the digger
by his baying of his whereabouts. So, his occupation being
gone, he is dispensed with by most masters of hounds of
the new school." Elaine proceeds to say that there are
two prominent varieties of the terrier, rough and smooth,
the first named appear to have been more common in
Scotland and the north, " the rigours of a more severe
climate being favourable to a crisped and curled coat."
One of Elaine's terriers is neither more nor less than a bull
terrier, bearing the orthodox brindled or brown patch on
one eye, and its ears are cut.

Others, too, copied the statements made by Elaine, or at
any rate made similar ones, just as Taplin, in his " Sporting
Dictionary," and the author of the " Sportsman's Repo-
sitory," had done those of writers who preceded them.

The reasons hold good now that were so admirably set
forth then, but even fewer terriers are used with packs of
hounds than when Elaine wrote, and, unless under excep-
tional circumstances, a master is contented to leave his fox
which has contrived to get safely to ground, with his mask
safe and his brush intact, if a little bedraggled. That, with
an increasing love of hunting, so apparent during the past
century, it is not surprising that the terrier came to have
consideration with some men little inferior to that bestowed
on the hound himself. Pretty nearly each hunting country
held its own particular strain, and that these were for the
most part dark in colour (usually black and tan), that
which has been read in these introductory pages, I think,
forms fair evidence. That three varieties were common,

22 The Fox Terrier.

large, medium, and small in size, too, is apparent, and that
such were both smooth and rough or wire-haired ; but how
they were originally produced there is no evidence to show.

The early-time terriers were bred for work and not for
ornament, and, unless they would go to ground after the
manner of the ferret, their heads would, not be kept long
out of the huge butt of water in the stableyard. Rats they
had to kill, and, unfortunately, often enough cats too ; but
fox terriers were less seldom used to work as spaniels or
retrievers than is the case to-day. Our ancestors believed
in each dog having its own vocation : the setter to set, the
pointer to point, the spaniel to beat the coverts, and the
terrier to make pilgrimages underground. Nor did they
condescend to train the latter to run after rabbits, as in
coursing matches ; and they took for the most part the
bull terrier to bait the badger and perform in the rat pit.

"A dash of bulldog blood " was always said to improve
the pluck of a terrier (it certainly does not add to his
elegance of form), and so no doubt came the brindle marks
on some few of the modern fox terriers. Careful crossing
has almost effaced the first-named, now considered a
blemish, and in its place the rich tan and black, or hound
markings, have been introduced. Originally these gaudy
colours were produced by some beagle blood, which, I
fancy, came to be infused between thirty and forty years
ago. The large, flapping, almost hound-like, ears which still
occasionally crop up, and were excessively common twenty
years back, likewise suggest this beagle cross, and I have
no doubt, from a modern black and tan terrier and a
hound-marked, pure beagle, careful selection would in very
few generations produce a fox terrier with a black and tan
head and a patch at the root of the stern. Of a whilom

Large Ears. 23

champion a well-known admirer of the variety was wont
to declare, " she had ears like a blacksmith's apron."

An excessive size of the aural appendages is not an
attribute of the terrier proper, any more than are the
hound markings. I am inclined to believe that if ever
there was an original terrier he had semi-prick ears, which,
standing quite erect at times, were, when their owner
came to be at work, thrown back into the hair of the
neck, which for purposes of protection Nature provided
stronger and more profuse there than on any other part
of the body. To a great extent fancy has outdone nature
in this respect, and few of the terriers seen winning on
the benches now have that strong, muscular, hair-protected
neck required by thorough workers. Smartness and quality
are sought. In nine cases out of ten when a dog-show
man possesses a fox terrier with a greater profusion of
hair on the neck than elsewhere on the body, it will be
taken off in order that a neatness and cleanness there
would better attract the admiration of the judge.

Still there are some modern strains of the fox terrier
which are not anything like so smooth in their jackets as
they might be ; longish and open in coat, and with sterns
which would not make bad illustrations as bottle brushes.
These longish coats were mostly introduced immediately
following a period when such were wrong in an opposite
direction, being almost glossy and anything but weather-
resisting. It was ever thus, and will, I suppose, always
be the custom to run to extremes, especially so far as the
general public are concerned. Thus a reason became
apparent for the variety in type seen now as compared
with that which was the case in our terriers forty or fifty
years ago.

24 The Fox Terrier.

Our old terriers, before the era of dog shows, were
strong and healthy, perhaps even more so than they are
nowj at any rate they were not pampered pets, as many
are to-day; and they were only kept because they were
muscular, hardy, and game. The delicate and puny
were consigned to the water barrel, the canal, or to
the tan pit ; there was no demand for them because of
their long pedigree and aristocratic connections, for they
had neither. Nowadays, so long as a terrier is elegant
in form, pleasant in face, and well-bred, he is worth
keeping; and, however delicate his constitution may be,
should he prove good enough to win prizes, he is used
at the stud, and so transmits his "blue blood'' and
delicacy to further generations. The former is well
enough, the latter bad enough, and it is because of this
carelessness in mating that so few modern terriers are
as hardy in appearance as the two ferocious-looking
mongrels in the " tail-piece " below.

CHAPTER II.

INCREASING POPULARITY — EARLY SHOWS — GOOD CLASSES
— OLD JOCK, PARTICULARS OF HIS PURCHASE — TARTAR,
OLD TRAP, AND GROVE NETTLE — NOTABLE KENNELS
— BLACK AND TAN HEADS — GROWING DISUSE OF THE
Fox TERRIER WITH HOUNDS — EXCEPTIONS.

HE present popularity of the Fox Terrier com-
menced some thirty years or so ago', and during
the decade which immediately followed that period
the progress it made in the estimation of the people was
phenomenal. Nothing of the kind had previously occurred
in relation to any quadruped whatever, and if fortunes
were not actually made by trading with and dealing in fox
terriers, fair incomes were provided, and there became a
demand for " keepers " who understood the breed, or, at
any rate, said they did so, and knew how to look after the
inmates of the kennel. Those days are still spoken of as
the " good old times," when really tip-top terriers were in
few hands, and in those of men who knew their value and
were able to obtain it. So long as a dog was white, with
a patch of black, or brown, or tan on him — even brindled

26 The Fox Terrier.

was considered not amiss — and weighed anything between
i2\b. and 3olb., he was called a fox terrier and sold as
such. He had a pedigree, made for the occasion perhaps.
And why ! if his ears were too big, they could be sliced
down, as they sometimes were, and if they stood up erect
instead of dropping, they could be cut underneath, and
often were, and made to hang in the orthodox fashion.

The British public had not then learned to distinguish
between one dog and another, long heads, straight legs,
round feet, and other important essentials were considered
secondary considerations when placed against an evenly-
marked " black and tan " head — " tortoiseshell headed " a
clerical friend called my little terrier, and he thought he
had made a good joke, too. With the multitude came, for
once at least, wisdom, and when Tom, Bill, and Harry
kept fox terriers, those who had possessed them before
required a better article. The youngsters studied from
their elders, hob-nobbed with fanciers, and so by degrees
obtained an inkling as to the requirement and appearance
of a perfect terrier, or one as nearly perfect as possible. Any
kind of rubbish almost could have been palmed off as the
genuine article a quarter of a century ago ; but a difference
prevails now. Go to a dog show to-morrow, and eighteen
out of every twenty persons you meet — not excepting the
" new woman," who is making herself as great a power at
the dog show as she has done in the County Council — will
argue with you as to the relative merits of this dog and
about the defects of that one. They wonder at your
presumption, perhaps, as you give your opinion against
theirs. They will even talk to the judge himself, and
tell him where he has done wrong, and how that terrier
ought to have won and the actual winner only been placed

A Judge! 27

third. Further inquiry might elicit the fact that the person
so laying down the law. was an interested party, and had
shown a dog (in the same class as that in which he was
criticising the awards) as long on the legs and as defective
in ribs and loins as a whippet, and was highly indignant
that it had not won the cup. Some modern dog showrers
are too clever by half, they have kept terriers a few
months, won a prize or two with such as they have
purchased, and the next stage sees them figuring in the
judging ring.

Once upon a time a dog judge was believed to be a man
of lengthened experience — one who had bred, worked, and
shown such varieties as were his particular fancy. I have
known a man pose as a judge of fox terriers who had
never bred one in his life, had never seen a fox in front of
hounds, had never seen a terrier go to ground, had never
seen either otter, weazel, or foulmart outside the glass case
in which they rested on the wall in a bar parlour, and had
not even seen a terrier chase a rabbit. His slight experi-
ence of working a terrier had been had at a surreptitious
badger bait in the stable of a common beerhouse, and a
violent attack on a dozen mangy rats by a mongrel terrier
in an improvised pit in the bed-room of the landlord of the
same hostel. However, matters may be better managed
now in this respect, for in nine cases out of ten a man
must be a member of a fox terrier club before he is asked
to " judge," though the qualification consists only in
punctual payment of his entrance fee and annual subscrip-
tion. Still, the popularity of the fox terrier has not yet
begun to wane, though less respect for pretty colour is
apparent, and the fashion as to his shape and a general
appearance has changed somewhat.

28 The Fox Terrier.

As I have said, a commencement of the extraordinarily
popular career of the modern fox terrier was made about
thirty years since. At that time few dog shows had been
held, the first one of all in 1859 at Newcastle-on-Tyne,
when Mr. J. H. Walsh (" Stonehenge"), whose works on
dogs generally will be alluded to further on, was one of the
judges. Needless is it to say that there was no class for
fox terriers, then, nor was there at Birmingham, Leeds, and
Manchester, following in successive years. Of course, in
the variety class for terriers, a few that had run with
hounds were entered, but the first class ever arranged in
which they were to compete only with their own variety,
was instituted at the North of England second exhibition
of sporting and other dogs, held in Islington Agricultural
Hall, June, 1862. Here a division for fox terriers headed
the catalogue ; there were twenty entries, and the winner
of the first prize was Trimmer, a dog without pedigree, and
shown by the late Mr. Harvey Bayly, then of Ickwell
House, Biggleswade, later master of the Rufford. If we
mistake not, this was a coarsish-looking, workmanlike dog,
hound tan and black marked, whose strain was that of the
Oakley terriers, the kennels of which were not far away
from Mr. Bayly's residence.

Not, however, through a London show came the public
attention to the fox terrier; Birmingham must have the
credit thereof. In 1862, when what is now the National
Exhibition was held at the Old Wharf in Broad Street,
there was a class for " White and Other Smooth-haired
English Terriers, except Black and Tan." Here several
fox terriers were exhibited, and out of a class of dogs con-
taining twenty-four entries, all the prizes went to the then
so-called new variety ; the leading honour being taken by

Increasing Popularity. 29

Jock, exhibited by Mr. Thomas Wootton, of Nottingham,
Mr. Bayly being second with Trap, whilst Mr. Stevenson
(Chester) was third with Jack. In bitches, Mr. Wootton
was second with Venom, and a Mrs. Mawes first, with a
white bitch called Pepper, that afterwards went to Lieu-
tenant-Colonel Clowes, of Worcester.

Thus did the fox terriers first attract public attention,
and so much was this the case that the following year, viz.,
1863, the Birmingham Committee provided two classes for
them, though a similar thing had been done at a couple of
London shows held in March and May, also in 1863.

At that time there was an opening for a popular dog,
the swell of the period was becoming a little less effeminate
than he had been, and was tired of lolloping my lady's toy
spaniel on his knees. He had tasted and enjoyed the Tom
and Jerry days in the rat pit, at the public-house dog show,
and in the occasional baiting of a semi-domesticated badger.
Many of the ladies themselves had grown discontented
with the continued snortings of their over-fed pets, and the
unodoriferous smells which sprung from obese King Charles
and Blenheim spaniels. The Yorkshire terrier was fairly
well known in parts of the North of England and elsewhere,
but his coat was troublesome, and the graceful Italian grey-
hound was far too delicate and fragile a creature for ordinary
" comforting" purposes. The lovely Maltese, with his coat
in texture and appearance like spun glass, was scarce, and
an uncertain mother with her puppies, whilst the appear-
ance of the often goggle-eyed, " apple-headed," black and
tan toy terrier was not sufficiently aristocratic to tempt the
connoisseur in such live stock. Besides, these black and
tans were bred and reared in the East End of London, the
back streets of Birmingham and of other large towns so-

30 The Fox Terrier.

they were too plebeian by half. Then the Dandie Dinmont
and hard-haired Scotch terriers were scarcely known out of
the land on the other side of the border, and the Skye
terrier with his long jacket carried too much dirt into the
house. The white English terrier might have become
popular had he not been so subject to chronic deafness, and
no doubt the bull terrier and the black and tan terrier lost
their chance of becoming public idols by reason that a
barbarous custom had decided that their ears were to be in
part amputated. The latter could only be done at con-
siderable trouble and expense, and with inordinate suffering
to the poor creatures themselves.

So here was the chance for the fox terrier ; he availed
himself of the opportunity, and the public gladly accepted
his enterprise. The visitors to the dog shows in 1862-3
noticed and made much of him. Mr. Wootton loved his
handsome and sprightly dogs, knew how to advertise and
so make the most of them, and he kept them clean and glossy
in their coats ; whilst Jock and others had that merry twinkle
in their dark brown eyes indicative of intelligence and
gameness. Moreover, there was no superfluous jacket and
hair hanging about their legs to carry dirt into the parlour
and drawing-room, and when Lady So-and-So wished for
a nice dog to take out for a walk in the country or a
drive in the park, Lord So-and-So purchased a fox terrier
puppy for her ladyship. The fox terrier has never socially
looked behind him since. His position in society was
attained as quickly, and perhaps with less difficulty, than is
that of the millionaire railway king or successful speculator.
The quadruped had but looks and manners to recommend
him; possibly the biped had neither, and was entirely
dependent for his entree to his sovereigns and bank notes.

Old Jock. 31

I often imagine there must have been something peculiarly
attractive about these early-time fox terriers. They were
certainly handsome and smart, but neither Old Jock nor
Tartar, the two acknowledged progenitors of the present
stock, had a black and tan marked head to recommend
him. Moreover, their parents had the credit of being
somewhat common in their origin, and generally had been
looked after by the stable boy or by the second or third
whip. The huntsman himself was, as a rule, far too great
a swell to leave a hound for a dog, though perhaps the
master's little son when home from Eton or Harrow for
the mid-summer holidays might beg a terrier puppy, and by
bribes and coaxings obtain for it a corner in the scullery or
in an empty stall in the stable. As I have said, the progress
from the servant's hall to the drawing-room was rapid, and
has evidently proved extremely satisfactory to all concerned.

At the Birmingham show already mentioned, Old Jock,
Old Trap, and at the following one Old Tartar, then entered
by Mr. H. J. Davenport (Warwickshire), formed a suitable
trio from which to found a nucleus to take the world by
storm, and the blood of one or other of them is to be found
in all the best strains of the present day, though the three
dogs themselves were so much different in appearance.
Shall I describe them here ?

Jock was said to be bred by Jack Morgan, who, when the
dog was pupped sometime during 1859, was huntsman with
the Grove. I have also heard it stated that Jock was born
at the Quorn kennels. The Kennel Club Stud Book gives
the breeder as either Captain Percy Williams, who was then
master of the Rufford, or Jack Morgan ; but the uncertainty
of the month in which the terrier was born, and the little
thought given to terrier pedigrees at that time, make me

32 The Fox Terrier.

extremely sceptical as to Jock's breeding, as I am of most
of the early stock terriers. Anyhow, Jock has left his mark
behind him, and he has also been the means of handing
down to posterity the names of his sire and dam, the former
being another Jock (also Captain Williams'), and the latter,
Grove Pepper, huntsman's terriers both of them, we may be
sure. In show form Old Jock was just about i81b. weight
(Mr. Wootton when he advertised him at stud at the
moderate fee of one guinea, afterwards raised to two
guineas, called him i61b. weight), standing a little high on
his legs, which gave him an appearance of freedom in
galloping. His colour wTas white, with a dun or mixed tan
mark on one ear, and a black patch on the stern and at its
root. He was not what one would at the present time call
a " varmint-looking" dog, i.e., one with an unusual appear-
ance of go and fire and gameness in him — he was a little
deficient in terrier character. His ribs were well sprung,
and his shoulders and neck nicely placed. When in thin
condition he had the appearance of being a rib short ; but
his hind quarters and loins were strong and in unison with
the other parts of his formation. To some modern tastes
he would appear a little loaded at the shoulders ; his fore
legs, feet, and strength of bone were good, and his stifles
strong and well turned. His ears, well placed, were neither
too large nor too small, and he had good strong jaws.
With increasing years he grew a little full in the cheeks.
Yet he wore well and in 1870 was placed second to Trimmer
at one of the London shows amongst a greater lot of cracks
than have ever been brought together since, unless their
equal was to be found at the Fox Terrier Club's show at
Derby in November, 1894. All round Jock was a sym-
metrical terrier, and no specimen of late years has

A Class of Champions. 33

reminded me so much of him as the dog Rattler, who
did so much winning. Jock, who is said to have run
two seasons with the Grove Hounds, had his tail cut, but
the portion left on was longer than is usually seen at the
present day, and I fancy Jock, docked as short as Mr. Luke
Turner's Spice, would have presented but a sorry spectacle.

Allusion has been made to the extraordinary class of dogs
which appeared at the Crystal Palace show in 1870, where
Old Jock, then eleven years old, came second to the black
and tan headed Trimmer. This was the dog " champion "
class of those days, the qualification being the win of a
first prize. The competitors were Old Jock, Old Trap,
Trimmer, and Rival, all shown by Mr. Murchison ; Mr.
W. J. Harrison's Jocko; Mr. F. Sale's Tyrant, Hornet,
and Tartar ; the Marquis of Huntley's Bounce, Messrs.
Bewley and Carson's Quiz, and Mr. W. Gamon's Chance.
Nor was the corresponding class of bitches much inferior,
for it included the Durham bitch, Mr. Sarsfield's Fussy,
who won ; Grove Nettle, Bellona, and Themis, Mr.
Murchison's; Mr. Pilgrim's Gem, the Marquis of Huntley's
Mischief, Mr. J. Statter's Kate, Mr. F. Sale's Nectar,
Mr. Gamon's Lively, and Mr. J. B. Nichols' Frisk. Grove
Nettle was given reserve here, second honours falling to
Themis, a comparatively poor specimen as compared wTith
others in the group.

Poor old Jock! he died full of honours in 1871 whilst in
the possession of Mr. J. H. Murchison, who had bought
him from Mr. W. Cropper. S. W. Smith was at the time
of the purchase in charge of Mr. Murchison's kennels, in
Northamptonshire, and I will let him tell in his own words
how he brought Jock to his new home. " Old Jock, like
the others that had come from Mr. Cropper's, was not to be

D

The Fox Terrier.

sent — I was to go and fetch him from Minting House, the
residence of Mr. Cropper, near Horncastle, Lincolnshire, a
long way from the kennels at Titchmarsh. The instructions
I received respecting the old dog could not have been more
explicit, had I been going to escort a Prince of the Royal
Blood. I was to take train to Horncastle, and then hire on
to Minting, as there were no trains there. I was to lock
the old dog up in a good box, and keep the key after I had
got possession of the dog, and let no one have it. I was
then to hire and come on by relays of horses and traps all
the way from Minting to Titchmarsh. This I did, and
arrived at the Great Northern Hotel, Peterborough, about
one o'clock on the night of the first day. After refreshing
the inner man and getting another horse and trap, off we
started again, arriving at the kennels about six a.m., having
had about enough. I had no sooner had a wash and
breakfast than a stranger came riding up on his bicycle —
the telegraph boy, with a message from Mr. Murchison,
asking if I had arrived safely, &c. I drove to Thrapston
and wired back, and there I was kept nearly the whole of
the day sending and receiving messages to and from
Mr. Murchison. Next day Mr. Murchison came down,
bringing some gentlemen friends with him to see the old
dog and other members of the kennels, and witness a bit
of fun with some of the younger members and the ' old
grey gentleman.' "

Tartar, a dog of quite a different stamp, was full of go-
and fire, a hardy-looking, strongly built terrier, and on the
two occasions when he did beat his great rival the result
was due to the better form in which he stood, and the
determination he showed, as though perfectly willing, nay
anxious, either to do or die, as he stood alongside his

Old Tartar. 35

antagonist in the ring. Tartar, iylb. in weight, was a
pure white dog, excepting for a light patch of pale tan over
one eye, unusually compact in build — a pocket Hercules in
fact, with a back as muscular and strong as is the neck of
a mighty Cumberland and Westmoreland wrestler. A little
wide in front was the old dog, but straighter perhaps on
the fore legs than Jock, and with better feet. The latter,
far the longer and more terrier-like in head, was beaten in
size of ears, their mode of carriage, and in neatness of hind-
quarters. Tartar was a peculiarly elegantly moulded dog
behind, notwithstanding the amount of muscle he showed,
and he stood neither too high on his legs nor the contrary.
I cannot just now call to mind any terrier of the present
generation like him in any respect. Possibly Richmond
Jack resembled him somewhat ; at any rate in shape of
body and sprightliness. Both Tartar and Jock had fair
coats, that of the former, the harder and smoother, and no
doubt he was much the gamer of the two. It is always the
fate of success to make enemies, and at the time Jock was
being shown so successfully, and later, I was repeatedly
told that he would not kill a rat, and that his going to
ground or doing the work of a fox terrier was altogether a
myth. Of this I cannot write from personal knowledge, but
tell the tale as it was told to me. Tartar's indomitable
gameness has never been gainsaid, and he was always fond
enough of a fight in the ring ; though I have seen terriers
furious in trying to get at an opponent when on the chain,
that would have been as eager to go the other way had the
collar been undone. Tartar's pedigree, as given in the first
volume of the Stud Book is open to great doubt, though it
is said he was bred by Mr. Stevenson, of Chester, about
1862 from Weaver's Viper out of Donville Poole's Touch.

D 2

36 The Fox Terrier.

I think there is little doubt that he was a cross-bred dog,
for, he was shown at Birmingham in 1863 pedigreeless, and
had those who looked after him cared to determine his
parentage (or if they possessed it to publish it), they could
easily have done so at that time and not waited until the
dog had gained a reputation.

Alas! for blue-blood and terriers ; our remaining support
of the past generation likewise possesses but a doubtful
parentage. There has always been a hesitancy about this,
and so Old Trap's pedigree has been the source of per-
petual correspondence, poor old dog! Here is what the
Kennel Club's not always correct volume says of him.
" Mr. J. H. D. Bayly, already mentioned, purchased him of
Mr. Cockayne, then kennel man to the Oakley Hounds,
and later at the Tickham kennels. Mr. Cockayne bought
him from a groom of Mr. Isted's, well known in the
Pytchley Hunt." Mr. Luke Turner, one of our very oldest
admirers of the fox terrier, believes Trap's sire was a dog
called Tip, owned by Mr. Hitchcock, a miller in Leicester.
This dog bore a reputation for extraordinary gameness,
and was the favourite sire used by all the sporting
characters in the district. The coachman of Col. Ark-
wright, then Master of the Oakley, put a bitch to this
dog Tip, and the result of the alliance was Trap.

I have already proved, I think satisfactorily, that the
original fox terrier was black and tan, with possibly a little
white on his chest and feet; but, so far as Trap was
concerned, there has always been a belief that either his
sire or dam was a black and tan terrier pure and simple.
Mr. J. A. Doyle states that Mr. Bayly himself told him such
was the case. On the contrary, the late Rev. T. O'Grady
informed the writer that Trap's dam was a heavily marked

Old Trap. 37

fox terrier — i.e., one with an unusual amount of black and
tan colour on her body and head. All who have bred fox
terriers know that in most strains these heavily marked
puppies keep appearing, and Mr. F. Burbidge showed one
in 1889, named Hunton Baron, which a few generations
ago would have been called a black and tan terrier, and it
was as well bred and good looking a dog as any man need
desire to possess ; and there have been many others simi-
larly marked — Mr. Procter's Patch and Mr. A. Hargreaves'
Dane Gallantry, to wit. The above statement by Mr.
O'Grady is corroborated by Mr. S. W. Smith, who says that
Col. Arkwright, master of the Oakley, told him that Trap
was by a kennel terrier of his out of a black and tan bitch
in the village. Trap had a pale or mealy black and tan-
coloured head, and a black mark on one side down the saddle,
the latter giving rise to the expression "a Trap marked "
dog or bitch, as the case might be. His head was terrier-
like, and of unusual length from the eyes to the nose, whilst
his upper jaw was peculiarly powerful. His expression and
brightness were much improved by his beautifully placed
and perfectly coloured eyes. The ears, small in size, were
nicely shaped, and sometimes, not always, well carried, for
he had a habit of throwing them backwards, a peculiarity
inherited by some of his descendants even as far as the
third and fourth generations. He was a little too long in
the body, and not nearly so elegantly formed in ribs, neck,
hindquarters, shoulders, and elsewhere as either of the
terriers previously mentioned. His fore legs and feet were
fairly good, he had more than an inclination to be cow-
hocked, and his coat was a trifle long and at times rather
too open, though generally of good texture. Trap was not
shown more than half-a-dozen times, his best performance

38 The Fox Terrier.

being at Birmingham in 1862, when he was second to Jock
as alluded to earlier on. Old Trap, who died whilst in the
possession of Mr. Murchison in April, 1872, was about
lylb. in weight, and what remains of the old dog — his
stuffed head — is now in the possession of Mr. Francis
Redmond, of St. John's Wood, but it bears no resemblance
whatever to Trap's head when in the flesh.

Such are descriptions of these three notable terriers from
personal recollection, and the very first of their kind to
command a fancy price on account of their appearance
alone. Old Jock was sold for more than his weight in
silver, which might be about 8o/. or a trifle over, and Mr.
Wootton himself paid 35/. for Tartar, "because," as his
purchaser said, " he nicks well with light, leggy, delicate
bitches, and puts steam into the young ones ; and another
thing," Mr. Wootton goes on to say, " he was always
second to Old Jock except when he twice beat him. Cer-
tain judges gave their awards in this way, so contrary to
reason and common sense ; for if Jock was right Tartar
must be wrong, for the two dogs differ so much in appear-
ance." Old Trap did not command so much money, about
25/. being the highest figure he reached, and this was when
he had fallen into the sere and yellow, just before coming
into the possession of Mr. J. H. Murchison, by whom the
old dog was highly esteemed. Their stud fees varied from
i/. to 2/. apiece — a miserable sum compared with the 5/.
and io/. obtained for the use of the notable fox terriers in
this year of grace 1895.

I think, with the mystery which surrounds the birth and
pedigree of these three late lamented and excellent terriers,
any attempt of mine to solve the difficulty would be useless.
There is nothing but hearsay, he said and she said, upon

Grove Nettle. 39

which to dilate ; they performed their duty well in that
particular sphere in which they were called to work, and
so I say let them rest in peace. Both Tartar and Old
Jock, well nigh invincible on the show bench, had little
check in their careers, which extended in the case of the
former over eight years, and in that of the latter through
four years only, whilst I believe Trap was not shown more
than half a dozen times, his best performance being when
he came second to Jock at Birmingham in 1862.

That extraordinary bitch Grove Nettle should be men-
tioned here, for to her, quite as much as to any one of the
couple and a half of terriers already named, is due a share
in the present production. Bred in 1862 by W. Merry,
huntsman to the Grove Hounds, there does not appear to
be any mystery as to her pedigree, she being by the Grove
Tartar from the Rev. W. Handley's Sting. Nettle was a
prettily shaped, tan-headed bitch, with a black mark on her
side, a rather long, wavy coat, almost inclined to be broken
haired. The Hon. T. W. Fitzwilliam, her owner, said "the
difficulty was to keep her above ground. " Another good
judge said " there was not a more useful animal in the
show when she was exhibited in the champion class at
Birmingham in 1868," and he further described her as
rather long in the body, and, although possessing immense
bone, not losing one iota in quality. At the Kennel Club,
Cleveland Row, may be seen all that remains of this grand
bitch, for she is there set up in a case, looking as hideous
and unlike that which she was in nature as " stuffed " dogs
do nine times out of ten.

In recalling these earlier recollections, there is no terrier
of a past generation that appeals to me with greater power
than Tyrant, also known as Old Tyrant and White Tyrant.

40 The Fox Terrier.

Mr. Harry Adams (Beverley) had, in 1865, the honour of
breeding him, though the Kennel Club Stud Book throws
a doubt on the matter by mixing the name of a Mr.
Leighton therewith ; whilst Mr. G. Booth, Mr. T. Lloyd-
Edwards (near Lampeter), and Mr. T. Wootton had the
pleasure of his ownership and exhibition at various times.
Old Trap was his sire, as he was said to be of almost
every good terrier of that day, and Violet, by Old Jock — •
White Violet, his dam. Tyrant was a dog somewhat after
the style of the expatriated and sadly named Lucifer As in
Praesenti, but better in jacket and placement of shoulders,
though possibly Lucifer was the narrower in chest of the
two. Perhaps more flattering it would be to com-
pare this grand old ancestor with Mr. C. R. H. Leach's
white dog Cleek, who during 1894 deservedly did a con-
siderable share of winning throughout the country, being
seen to special advantage at the Club's show at Derby
that year. Many of the " head men " of the " fancy "
in Tyrant's time did not think very much of him, but
in reality he deserved all the praise they or anyone
else could bestow. No man ever owned a better dog
as a terrier. In weight about i81b., in form symmetrical,
his strength of bone, legs and feet were of the best.
No purely white fox terrier I ever saw was less of
the bull terrier in appearance than he, and, carrying his
eight years well, he proved good enough to win the
champion prize at Nottingham in 1873, beating Tyke,
Trimmer, Trumps, Jock II., and six other less notable
opponents. Moreover, Tyrant was sire of many leading
terriers which in their turn have added to the excellences
of those in the present generation. Venture was a son of
his, so were Mr. Whitton's Badger (a rare old sort) and

Good Kennels. 41

Mr. Sydenham Dixon's Sam, almost as perfect as his sire
in appearance, but a broken leg badly set kept him from
the show bench. Mr. Gamon's famous Chance and his
favourite Risk were likewise sons of the old white dog,
and now in 1895 few of our best terriers are to be found
without some modicum of the blood of Tyrant in their
veins. He, indeed, may bear the palm as the best of his
race, both in beauty and gameness, immediately following
his notable sire Trap, and equally great grandsire Old Jock.

During the sixties the Hon. T. W. Fitzwilliam was
showing a splendid lot of terriers, of which he had a large
number kennelled at Wentworth House, Rotherham, York-
shire, his Vassal, Ruby, Topsy, being tip-top, and we must
not forget that he had Jock, Tartar, and Grove Nettle in his
possession at one period of their existence. The Marquis
of Huntly at Aboyne about the same time owned Worry,
Bounce, Nectar, Mischief, Famous, and other excellent
terriers, all of which were said to be as game as they
were handsome. The name of Mr. F. Sale (Derby) must
not be omitted, as at one time his kennels were most
formidable, for they had included Hornet (who came second
at Birmingham in 1871 to the writer's Mac II.), Old
Tartar, and many others pretty nearly as good, with which
he was a most formidable opponent at the big shows.

With such supporters, there was nothing wonderful in
the fact that the marked attention these " revived " terriers
attracted led to a newspaper controversy as to their origin,
and in The Field a number of interesting letters appeared
on the subject. These in every case came from men of
weight and mark and learning in canine lore. Then the
Editor, the late Mr. J. H. Walsh, wrote his article on the
Fox Terrier, which naturally attracted further attention.

42 The Fox Terrier.

After dwelling upon the advisability or otherwise of the
bulldog or bull terrier cross, Mr. Walsh says he had
" known good and bad of each kind of breeding ; but the
best he ever saw go to ground was one-eighth bull, though
he showed it no more than Jock, the champion. . . .
There are few varieties of the species cam's which show
more intelligence than the fox terrier," and " Gelert " (a
sporting writer and compiler of a list of foxhounds, &c., in
1849), the Rev. John Russell, and other authorities, support
this opinion.

In the first edition of the u Dogs of the British Isles "
the author (" Stonehenge ") says, "that until the establish-
ment of dog shows Captain Percy Williams, Jack Morgan,
and five or six of our foremost huntsmen were the posses-
sors of the most celebrated strains of fox terriers ; but no
sooner were special prizes offered for them at Birmingham,
Leeds, and London, as well as in conjunction with those for
foxhounds at the Cleveland Society's celebrated gatherings
in Yorkshire, than Mr. Wootton of Nottingham, Mr.
Stevenson of Chester, in conjunction with Mr. Gorse,
also of Nottingham, and other breeders of less note, set
themselves to work to vie with the professionals, and
produced the beautiful little terriers which time after time
have adorned the benches of Birmingham and Islington.
Many of them have no doubt never seen a fox ; but there
are few which are not capable of giving a good account of
him if properly entered." This was written in 1866, when
the popularity of the fox terriers had in a degree been
achieved.

Mr. Walsh mentions only some seven or eight kennels
of hounds having terriers of the show type, but there is
little doubt a score or more of them had such. When once

A Broken Jaw. 43

their value became known, they kept cropping up from all
parts of the country, both smooth and wire haired, the
former generally from the Midland and Southern counties,
whilst those with hard jackets appeared mostly confined to
the Yorkshire and more Northern districts. The Badsworth
had a rare hard-bitten strain of terriers with their hounds,
mostly smooth-coated ones, too. The Slingsbys, an old
sporting family, who for generations resided at Scriven
Park, Yorkshire, had likewise a strain that was bad to beat
at anything. These, too, had smooth jackets, showed bull-
dog or bull terrier blood, were mostly lemon marked, from
i3lb. to i61b. weight, and usually possessed prick ears.

A little bitch from Mr. Vyner's was about as game a
terrier as I ever saw, though her coat was thin and she had
been brought up as a house pet. This bitch I saw sent
into an earth in the North of England to drive what was
generally considered to be a fox. Underground a long
time, a couple of hours or more, with difficulty she was
called out, and from the punishment she had received
conclusions were drawn that a badger was in the rocks.
The poor terrier had her jaw broken, and her face bitten
through and through ; still she escaped from her owner,
went underground to her game again, and when got out a
second time was almost dead. The badger was afterwards
taken, and it is pleasing to note that the plucky little bitch
survived her injuries.

Mr. Doyle, in his admirable article in " The Book of the
Dog," tells us that the strain Mr. Stevenson owned at
Chester originally came from Shropshire, where they had
been kept and cherished for years by Mr. Donville Poole,
of Maybury Hall. However, from a description of this
strain from the pen of Mr. S. W. Smith, and which

44 The Fox Terrier.

appears in the terrier division of " Modern Dogs1' (1894),
it seems these game, hardy little fellows could scarcely be
classed as the correct type of the modern fox terrier, but
they were the dogs the late Mr. John Walker alluded to in
his celebrated contribution in which he stated that nothing
came amiss to the wretches from a " pig to a postman,"
an unfortunate letter carrier being attacked by them
and so bitten about the legs that death ensued. Then
Sir Watkin Wynn had a strain of his own in Wales
(not Welsh terriers these), and so had Lord Hill on the
borders of the Principality. Down in Devonshire the
sporting villages simply teemed with little dogs, but most
of these were wire-haired, and the Rev. John Russell
valued them highly, as did Mr. Cheriton and other hunting
men of the locality. The Rufford, too, had its own
speciality in fox terriers ; so had Mr. Ffrance, in Cheshire ;
and even in Northumberland, from the Tyndale, came one
of the best fox terrier bitches I ever saw. She, however,
crops up a little later, and had all the good qualities of a
modern first prize winner, with the exception of being very
much tucked up in her loins, and she carried what remained
of her stern right over her back. Some exhibitors might
have cut it all off, and said the absence of her caudal
appendage was due to an accident of some kind or
another.

The Farquharsons, in Dorsetshire, owned excellent
terriers, that would drive a fox out of its earth with
the best of them, and the excellences of those of the
Duke of Beaufort have repeatedly been mentioned. Tread-
well, too, always kept a few couple of hardy ones handy
for work with the Old Berkeley, as did old Ben Morgan for
the use of Lord Middleton's hounds; and the late Will

Black and Tan Heads. 45

Goodall, George Beers, with Frank, his son, were never
happy unless they had some of the gamest of the game well
within call when required, after a good stout fox had
dodged the stopped earths and gone to ground.

The Burton, Lincolnshire, must not be overlooked, for
at the time Dick Burton was first whip there, when
Lord Henry Bentinck hunted them himself, considerable
care was bestowed upon the terriers, a strain of which
the hunt possessed, mostly white-bodied dogs with lemon
markings on the head. There is an oil painting still
in the possession of the Burton family, a portrait of
Dick with some of his favourite hounds and terriers.
This must have been painted about sixty years ago.
When Burton retired into private life he took some of these
terriers with him, and crossed them with a black and tan
dog belonging to Mr. Charles Clarke, Scopwick, the well-
known breeder of Lincoln sheep. This was in reality a
black and tan fox terrier — not a Manchester terrier —
possibly a dog something after the stamp of that engraved
and described earlier in the volume — the fox terrier of 1806.
From this cross Dick Burton produced black and tan
headed dogs, others with marks on the body, and he
claimed to be the first individual to introduce these hand-
somely coloured terriers to the public. This is an
interesting piece of history which I believe has hitherto
failed to find its way into print, and there is no reason why
the claim should not be allowed, although it is possible that
at the same time other admirers of the fox terrier were
bringing about similar results through a different cross.
In addition to these less known kennels, there were others
whose reputation was world-wide rather than local, including
the Grove, the Belvoir, the Albrighton, the Atherton, the
Duke of Rutland's, and the Brocklesby.

40 The Fox Terrier.

Here, then, were a sufficient number of strains of diverse
blood to perpetuate and improve — even to perfect — any
one variety, and our fox terrier classes on the show bench
at the present day prove that every advantage has been
taken of the material at hand. One strain has improved
another, until little animals as near perfection as possible
are produced, and a couple of hundred candidates for
honour at one show is nothing unusual now, whilst in 1860,
at Birmingham, only about three bond-fide fox terriers
were on view, and there was no special class provided for
them.

Reverting to The Field correspondence,' " Cecil," writing
in December, 1858, said, ''that during one of his visits into
Cheshire he had the honour of an introduction to a gentle-
man who was for many years a first-rate performer over a
country, and has ever ranked highly in the estimation of
his numerous friends for his hospitality, exquisite port wine,
and an unrivalled collection of terriers. An invitation to
dine and inspect his unique little pack of terriers afforded
me the greatest pleasure. I might possibly be transgressing
the bounds of etiquette if I were to record the kind recep-
tions I met with on such occasions ; and I am the more
cautious in the introduction of gentlemen's names, having
recently caused some annoyance to an old and valued friend
by mentioning him in these columns, in conjunction with
others, as a most liberal preserver of foxes, and a popular
resident in a country far distant from this. Knowing,
therefore, that some gentlemen entertain objections to
being brought before the public, more especially as regards
matters of a private nature, I feel that I need not offer any
further apology for not giving greater publicity to one of
Cheshire's most highly respected and worthy country

"Bard as Iron." 47

squires. Of the pack, however, I must claim the privilege
of giving a description. It consists of seven couples of
beautiful white terriers, most decided enemies of the
vulpine race, or any other animal wearing fur and coming
under the denomination of vermin. In evidence of their
courage, two young ones are mentioned as having killed a
cat which weighed more than themselves when placed in
the scales together. Their pedigrees have been registered
with as much care and precision as those of any pack of
foxhounds in the kingdom. In symmetry they are perfect,
and their legs and feet quite models for masters of hounds
and huntsmen to study. Whenever the hounds run foxes
to ground in the neighbourhood, one of these game little
pets is sure to be in requisition ; and there were two of
them evincing the marks of recent conflicts with foxes
when employed in dislodging them from their subterranean
places of refuge. In that very useful employment the
destruction of rats they are superlatively good, and a huge
monster of that species was very quickly dispatched by a
little bitch only six months old ; and, although the rat
caught her by the cheek, she did not even utter a whimper.
The buildings devoted to their accommodation are com-
plete in every respect. They are miniature foxhound
kennels, well ventilated, and of comfortable temperature,
regulated by a thermometer, and the very paragon of clean-
liness."

The late Captain White, after witnessing a trial of the
gameness and endurance of these terriers against two
newly-caught badgers, pronounced them, the terriers (not
the badgers), to be " as hard as iron, stout as steel, and
good as gold."

No doubt there were as good terriers in those days as

48 The Fox Terrier.

there are now for work, perhaps better, for there was more
use for them then. The columns of The Field during
1866-67 contained a number of excellent letters on the fox
terrier, written by those who knew what they were writing
of and how to put their ideas into words. The respective
merits of Jock and Tartar were freely discussed, and
"W. J. M." (the Rev. W. J. Mellor), who then resided at
Colwick Rectory, near Nottingham, received a rather warm
retort from the owner of Tartar, the Hon. T. W. Fitzwilliam,
tor suggesting that the little champion was " too much of
the bull terrier."

" Idstone," whose charming articles have so often de-
lighted his readers, also wrote all he knew about fox
terriers, and this was what he said : " . . . First, I
think the coat of the terrier they breed is frequently too
fine ; a harder, denser description of jacket would be a
more suitable protection for a dog who has to face all
weather, and to submit all day to the splash of the hunts-
man's horse. I believe if he could choose for himself he
would pick out something more like bristles, although lying
closely, as offering a better defence to the weather or to
that angry thong he always is within reach of except when
he has gone to ground. ... I am no advocate for
broken-haired fox terriers," continues " Idstone," " and am
thoroughly of opinion that the smooth dog, as a class, beats
the rough dog in pluck and staying powers." He would,
indeed, be a bold man who could say this to-day, for there
are now, as then, good and bad of both varieties, and that
dog the better trained and with the greatest amount of hard
work to do will always be the one to do it properly.

" Idstone " further remarks that " a pure fox terrier is
not required to draw badgers, nor should he be so ' hard

The Late Captain Handy. 49

bitten ' as to slaughter a fox in the earth. . . . The
kennel dog is, and must be kept, a distinct family, and he
ought to have quite enough courage to destroy vermin
without possessing the bulldog cross. The one is generally
a useful animal, adapted for ratting, rabbit hunting, and
working a hedgerow or bit Oof gorse, providing his coat is
hard enough. The other is good for vermin, but will very
likely not let a cat live about the premises, and is anxious
for a ' turn-up ' with any outsider of his own species — two
inconvenient and undesirable proclivities." The above ex-
pression of opinion holds good at the present time, although
the advice contained therein, written more than twenty-
five years ago, was then especially valuable, as there was a
strong inclination to infuse a dash of the bulldog into the
ordinary terrier.

"W. J. M." also wrote in favour of the smooth-coated
variety, and so did the late Captain Handy, who at that
time was a popular sportsman at Malmesbury. Later he
was on the staff of one of the London newspapers, where he
did good work, and died in harness about three years ago.
Under the signature of " J. A. H.," he said, " I am quite of
opinion that a fox terrier should be smooth coated, and I much
doubt whether any dog showing a rough or broken-haired
coat is pure bred ; but where such is the case, I believe
there must be a cross (more or less remote) of the Scotch
terrier. I daresay there are rough-coated terriers as good
as any smooth-coated ones, but they are not fox terriers.
I well remember the fox terriers that used to run with the
Duke of Beaufort's hounds in Will Long's time, and I
believe the breed had been kept there for very many years.
You will see a specimen amongst the hounds in the picture
of ' The Lawn Meet at Badminton.' They were nearly

E

50 The Fox Terrier.

always black and tan, but occasionally black, white, and
tan, with a compact, well-knit frame, ears small and
hanging close to the head, with coats, though close and
thick, as bright and smooth as satin. It was wonderful
with what pluck and endurance they would make their way
to the end of the longest run. . . . Now in these fast
days," continued the gallant Captain, " sportsmen cannot
wait for a fox to be got out, and the order is ' find another
one ' ; hence the use of fox terriers to run with hounds has
been discontinued, and the breed has not been kept up at
Badminton. . . . "

And there is no doubt that the fox terrier is less used as
an adjunct to the foxhounds now in 1894, than even was
the case when " J. A. H." poured forth his lamentations on
the subject. At times one may see a " runner " — that is, a
man who follows the hounds on foot — with a little dog
under his arm or at his heels in a leash, which he tells you
is " the best in the world," and will drive any fox from any
earth or drain, be it ever so long and sinuous. For obvious
reasons the poor fellow's terrier is seldom tried, and when
the fox is run to ground, the cry, oftener than not, is,
" Forrard ! to Blankton Gorse," or to some other untried
covert, and the fox that has gone to ground has saved his
brush at any rate for a time. Some hunting men will, no
doubt, have heard of that eccentric " runner," once a dis-
tinguished character with one of our foremost packs
of hounds, who bred and kept an excellent strain of
working terriers. His eccentricity did not, however,
lie in this fancy for little dogs, but in the habit he
had of carrying a home-made spur, which he used on
his own thighs when tired and inclined to drop into a
walk. To such an extent did he thus punish himself that

Peterborough Hound Show. 51

he had to undergo surgical treatment on more than one
occasion.

The present Lord Lonsdale had an idea of working some
of his prize-bred terriers with his hounds when he was
master of the Pytchley. But the general surroundings of
modern fox hunting prevented him doing this properly and
as he would have wished. Still, a few of his high-priced,
fashionable terriers were properly entered, and, I believe,
gave a good account of themselves whenever required so to
do. Mr. Harding Cox, when master of the Old Berkeley
Hounds, kenneled some good working terriers of the prize
strains, but his, like Lord Lonsdale's, were of the wire-
haired variety. Then the Littleworths, huntsmen for
generations, have always kept terriers, and even now own
some of show bench strains, which can, and do, accompany
the hounds when there is likely to be occasion for their
services. Indeed, there is still a fox terrier or two hanging
about either the kennels or the stable yard, but no pains
are taken to perpetuate the variety solely for bolting the
fox, as once was the case. Modern hunting, quick gallops,
and the go-a-headedness of the times have done away with
his occupation, and the fox terrier now possesses his
greatest value in his beauty alone. At the great Hound
Show held during June of each year at Peterborough, on
occasions prizes have been given for terriers which carry a
record of having been entered and employed with fox-
hounds. However, for some reason or other, the terrier
classes there were discontinued in 1894, but I hope this
omission will prove but temporary. The competitors there
were usually somewhat of a ragged lot, though occasionally
the absolute winners were quite up to modern show form in
appearance ; moreover they were well-bred and likewise

E 2

52

The Fox Terrier.

often bore the credentials of scars as their "Victoria
Cross."

In the North of England, in Wales, and in some parts of
Scotland, fox hunters cannot do without their terriers, such
being used by Tommy Dobson, who hunts a few couples of
hounds from Eskdale, Cumberland; by Mr. Benson with
the Melbrake ; by the Ulleswater ; by the Coniston, by Mr.
Jacob Robson with the Border Foxhounds, and by others.
Most of these terriers are, however, more or less cross
bred, but Mr. Robson's seem pretty much similar in typer
wire haired, red or " mustard/3 " pepper and salt," and some-
times black and tan in colour. They are coming to be
known as "Border Terriers," and as they are very useful
and handy little dogs, they certainly deserve this special
nomenclature.

CHAPTER III.

MORE NOTABILITIES — EAR-DROPPING AND OTHER MAL-
PRACTICES— FORMING A KENNEL — THE Fox TERRIER
CLUB — SOME MODERN KENNELS — THE BEST TERRIERS
— MEASUREMENTS.

|F course, there were a few other good terriers
appearing about the earlier shows in addition to
those already mentioned, but such bear sorry
reputations to-day, nor have they done much in the way
of improving the family generally. Rival was a terrier-
like dog of the Jock stamp, but these varmint-looking
fellows soon had, as it were, their noses put out of joint
by the introduction of some smarter, handsomer, and
gayer little creatures, wherever they came from, and there
was no wonder that the huntsmen called such dogs, as
those of which the beautiful Trimmer formed a fair
specimen, toys. Here was another "pillar11 with the
name of the breeder unknown, though said to be sired
by some unknown quantity of a dog called Rap, his dam
being the Rev. T. O'Grady's Vic. Trimmer, a smart,
thin-coated little dog, about I4lb. weight, with a small,

54 The Fox Terrier.

weak head, was most prettily marked with the deepest
black and the richest tan. He was no workman to look at,
and I have heard it said that, instead of being bred at
some well-known kennels, as all such notabilities should
be, Trimmer first saw the light in the cottage of a barge-
man who sailed on one of the Midland canals. If
this handsomest of fox terriers was not game, he was
thoroughly ill-natured and snappish, and, during his con-
finement on the show bench, kept all inquisitive visitors
at a respectful distance. Trimmer, unlike some other
celebrities, had two brothers ; these were called Crack and
Tory. The latter belonged to young Mr. G. F. Statter,
who then had a farm at Broomhills, near Carlisle, and
Tory was a sad dog, as wild as they make them — one,
indeed, that could not be allowed off the chain. Crack,
some time in the possession of the writer, was a beautifully
made little animal, with a good coat, and the most perfect
feet and legs imaginable. He won a prize or two, but
would not be looked at as a show dog nowadays. His
temper to strangers was most obnoxious ; still, he was
fairly game, would kill rats, swim a mile up the middle
of a canal, and, generally, proved a most endearing little
fellow with those with whom he was on good terms. But
Crack had a strange antipathy to people with black or
very dark hair.

Others of the toyish stamp were Mr. Murchison's
Bellona and Mr. Sarsfield's Fussy. The latter caused a
considerable sensation when she came forward as a
winner, for her owner lived at Durham, and was quite
out of the ordinary swim of so-called fanciers, who now
had grown numerous. Fussy, entered at Birmingham
show in 1868, when the Rev. T. O'Grady and Mr. John

Some Famous Bitches. 55

Walker were the judges, was then said to be about twelve
months old, so that the stud book is in error where it
states that she was born in 1869. Mr. Henry Calf, of
Devizes, showed her, and thought so little of his bitch as
to catalogue her at five guineas. I need scarcely say she
did not obtain even a commendation, nor her sister Venom
either, who was entered by their breeder, Mr. H. Chaworth
Musters, at the same time. Fussy caught the eye of Mr.
Sarsfield, who speedily became her owner for the sum
already alluded to, and a great prize he thus obtained. In
the following year Fussy commenced her successful career
in the provinces, and, reappearing at Curzon Hall in 1870,
was placed first in a strong champion class of eight, which
included Mr. Pilgrim's Gem, who had been third the
previous year. Mr. F. Sale, however, with his good,
strong-backed bitch Myrtle, beat the Durham entry for the
cup. It may be stated here that a daughter of the latter,
Patch (Mr. Procter's), then but nine months old, was
exhibited in the open class unsuccessfully, but in 1871 the
tables were turned, for Patch came first in the open
division ; once more was her dam at the head of the
champions, but, still unfortunate, was placed behind the
writer's Mac II. for the " blue ribbon " of the show, the
valued champion cup. Mr. Sarsfield's favourite again
won in 1872, but the following year Patch was beaten by
Myrtle, then five years old, but wearing well. In addition
to the above honours, Fussy won many others, and proved
extraordinarily successful for breeding purposes too,
for Mr. Gibson's Vexer — a bitch rather short in head, but
very good indeed in other respects — wras own sister to
Patch, the dam and her two handsome daughters forming
a trio that would be difficult to beat even to-day. The

56 The Fox Terrier.

strain has not, however, been worked to all the advantage
it might have been ; Mr. Sarsfield's business engagements
prevented him giving more than a passing attention to
improving our terriers, and Mr. Procter gained greater
notoriety from his strain of Cochin China fowls. Mr.
Procter, however, still keeps a terrier or two as com-
panions, and shows them successfully occasionally ; such
as he has, possess more or less of the Fussy blood, and
through her sire, Mr. Muster's Ragman, go back to Old
Trap, as so many of our best strains do.

Mr. J. Holmes, jun.'s (Beverley) Gadfly, by Vassal, a son
of Jock and Grove Nettle, another much admired terrier
in his day, especially for the reputation he bore for
gameness, could not get high up in the prize list at Curzon
Hall ; still groups of sporting men were usually round his
number, as was the case with Mr. F. Sale's Hornet — much
the better of the two — and he was a son of Grove Nettle.
The same exhibitor also owned an animal of unusual
excellence in Myrtle, by his Old Sam, a son of Tyrant, out
of a bitch called Jenny, by Old Jock. Mr. Luke Turner
bred Myrtle, who at five years old was good enough to
win the challenge prize at Birmingham. She had rather
large ears, a weakish jaw, and possessed neither the rough
wear and tear appearance nor character a hunting man
likes to see in his terrier.

One of the best all-round fox terriers about now (1873,
or a little later), was the lovely little bitch Lille, so long
and successfully shown by Mr. Shepherd, of Beverley.
She looked like a daughter of Tyrant's, but was by Tartar
— Patch, out of Fell's Spot, all good-bred ones in their
way, with nothing like the quality possessed by their illus-
trious descendent. Handsome as Lille was, stronger bone

Bygone Celebrities. 57

and less delicate appearance would have improved her,
though beautiful symmetry invariably attracted the judges
at that time rather than a game-looking expression. The
latter was possessed in an extraordinary degree by a tan-
marked bitch called Fan, first, I believe, shown by Mr.
W. Allison, of Cotswold Rectory, and later by Mr. C. T.
Abbot. Here we had all terrier character, but she moved
stiffly, was not, as it were, built on galloping lines, and
became too loaded at the shoulders for modern fancy.
She came in a little later, and reminded me more of Grove
Nettle than any bitch I have seen since. The Stud Book
gives her pedigree as follows : sire, Priam ; dam, Pixie, by
Jock out of Lill ; Priam by Morgan's Grove Crab out of
Fury ; and she was bred by Lady de Lisle.

Another excellent bitch abounding with character was
Jester's daughter Satire, bred and shown by Mr. J.
Arrowsmith, of Thirsk, and from the same kennel
came Tiny, who became a champion. Denton's Jock, from
Doncaster, an excellent dog with a doubtful pedigree,
said to be by Tyrant — dam unknown,- after winning a
number of prizes at the Yorkshire shows, was purchased
by Mr. Gibson, Brockenhurst, and as Bitters continued
to increase his notoriety but was by no means a success
at the stud.

Amidst all these bygone celebrities, Mr. Peter Pilgrim's
May must not be forgotten, another of old Jock's daughters,
from a bitch called Crafty, known at the Quorn Kennels.
Lasting long enough to win second prize in the champion
class at Nottingham when eight years old, she was a
remarkably strong-loined, very good looking bitch, rather
light in bone. Another notable dog was the much abused
Venture (the late Mr. W. Cropper's, Minting House,

58 The Fox Terrier.

Horncastle) by Tyrant, already described. It was rather
strange that Venture — who, by the way, was said to be
unable to get stock — by his alliance with Fussy produced
so heavily-marked a bitch as Proctor's Patch, and Henry
Gibson's Vexer, with little colour about her, whilst his
Vanity from Cottingham Nettle had likewise Venture for
her sire. Patch was a good one if almost black, and
certainly well beat her dam in length and strength of jaw,
in which respects Fussy was sadly deficient.

About the year 1872 the entries of fox terriers became
unusually numerous, and, strange though it may seem,
actually included more individual animals than are found
even in the special terrier shows held at the present time.
Now the classes are divided in an almost inexplicable
fashion, there being at the most recent show of the Fox
Terrier Club held at Derby in November, 1894, no fewer
than thirty-three classes for smooth-coated fox terriers, they
including puppies and novices, with limit classes, challenge
classes, the same for veterans, " birthday" stakes, produce
stakes," graduate " classes, as well as the " Derby," the "Oaks "
and various " selling" divisions. Indeed, considerable
ingenuity must have been exercised in the " invention" and
arrangement of so many different competitions. Whether
such are altogether an advantage is an open question, they
certainly give all dogs a chance of winning, so much so that
in some of the " birthday" and " produce " classes, I have
seen puppies win a prize of greater value than the dog
which won it. Thus the latter, as a prize winner at a Fox
Terrier Club's show might be given a fictitious value. Before
this new classification a couple of champion classes and as
many open ones were all the catalogues included, and there
were no duplicate entries, i.e , dogs were not allowed to

Large Classes. 59

compete in more than one division. Still, such arrangements
notwithstanding, from one hundred and fifty to over two
hundred terriers were often benched in one exhibition, and
at Nottingham, in 1872, 276 fox terriers were entered.
Here there was a puppy class which attracted 73 com-
petitors, whilst 74 animals were present in the open dog
class and 109 in that for bitches, where Tiny, alluded to
earlier on, won in the largest individual class of fox
terriers on record. Mr. S. Owen's Thatch, a now
forgotten dog, was placed at the head of affairs in
the open dog class, with the much better known Foiler
second only. The champion classes at the same show
had likewise large entries, Mr. T. Bassett's Spot, a
terrier of great reputation at that time, beating Tyke and
others in the dog division ; whilst another of the well nigh
forgotten ones, Mr. B. Cox's Whiskey, was placed over
May and Nectar for the bitch championship. A little later
Birmingham found the fox terriers so numerous that the
executive laid their heads together to devise some simplifi-
cation of the work the judges had to do.

There was a controversy going on then about the size of
fox terriers. Both big and little were winning, and those
who owned the latter grumbled at the judges who by their
awards testified to the truth of the adage that " a good big
'un would always beat a good little 'un." So in 1876 the
fox terriers at Curzon Hall came, as it were, to be split up,
and classes were provided for dogs over i81b., bitches over
i61b. ; and also for dogs and bitches under such weights.
This arrangement continued for ten years, during which
period the fashion became so changed that the best judges
would scarcely condescend to look at a fox terrier much
over I7lb. As the custom had grown in the country for

60 The Fox Terrier.

providing novice and other divisions, in addition to the
usual open and champion (or challenge) ones, the Birming-
ham management again made a change, the result of which
is seen at the present day. Possibly what I have written
here will remove the false impression which appears to
prevail to the effect that the classes of fox terriers are
larger now than at any previous period of our history. I
fancy that some modern judge at one of our big shows
would look puzzled were he set down in a ring with
fifty-eight fox terrier dogs in the open class, and only two
fewer in the bitches, as was the case at Birmingham in
1875. And at that show all sorts and sizes won prizes, the
winning dog being Mr. Bassett's Varmint, one of the heavy
weights, and a coarse customer too ; whilst for second came
Snap (Mr. J. R. Whittle's), one of the writer's strain, a very
neat and all round an excellent little dog certainly less than
I5lb. in weight. Mr. Russell Earp's Vine, who took pre-
cedence in bitches, was likewise of the smaller or more
toyish stamp; and, on the contrary, Mr. G. H. Warren's
Vic, second prize, was a much bigger and far stronger
bitch. With such decisions as these, no person was
surprised to find, as already stated, the change in the
arrangements of classification which came the following
year.

Twenty-five years ago the value of pedigrees in fox
terriers became so apparent, that they were often manu-
factured, and the honour of winning a prize being now at its
highest, sharp practices to gain that distinction came
into vogue. Some exhibitors, not content with merely
docking the tails of their dogs, were clever enough to
reduce the size of the ears by paring them down with
either knife or scissors. I remember being shown the

"Faking " the Ears. 61

scissors with which this operation had been successfully
performed on a dog that won a number of prizes. One of
the first duties of a judge in the ring at that time was, and
for years later continued to be, to examine the ears to see
whether they had been what was slangily called " faked."
This usually meant cutting the tendons of the ears to make
the latter drop properly, for many terriers had naturally
prick or erect ears, and with these appendages so carried
there was no chance of winning a prize. The teeth, too,
could be filed to a level where those on the lower jaw
projected in front of the upper ones. When they did so
project, the dog wras said to be undershot, a fault which
was then absolute disqualification. Curling sterns, over-
gaily carried, could be straightened, so the clever artist in
the matter of dog showing, had, even with these almost
white terriers, ample opportunity for a display of his skill
and ingenuity in dishonest practices. And so he has now,
he does so in many cases, and " faking," to my mind, quite
as bad as such cases as I have alluded to is permitted.
The sin, however, of this modern " faking" does not appear
to be so much in its commission as in its discovery, and
means are now adopted by which a terrier's ears may be
made to drop artificially and no tell-tale marks remain.
This is done in many instances by weights plastered oh to
the inside of the ears and sometimes on the outside. Again,
one sees advertisements from " up to date" dealers who
manufacture and sell appliances which are said to answer
the purposes of " ear-dropping " admirably; "ear pads"
they are called.

This en passant, however. Immediately following 1870
there were still more notorious terriers shown than those
already mentioned, some good that did not win prizes,.

62 The Fox Terrier.

others indifferent which did, for the judging was sadly in
and out. Amongst the indifferent specimens might be
classed Vandal, whose pedigree in the " Kennel Club Stud
Book " is, I was told at the time of the publication, all
wrong (although the owner is free from blame in the
matter), Turco, and Renard, all shown by Mr. Murchison,
who then had a kennel of terriers which has not since been
surpassed. It included no end of celebrities, and for three
years or more his representatives quite swept the decks.
At Titchmarsh, near Thrapston, where the kennels were
located, Mr. Murchison was fortunate in securing the
services of S. W. Smith as kennel-manager, and for years
the word of the latter was law as to what a fox terrier
should be. Old Trap, Bellona, Trimmer, Old Jock, Grove
Nettle, Pincers, Trinket, Vanity, Olive, were one time or
another all under Smith's charge, as were hosts of minor
lights, the names of which do not at present occur to me.
When Mr. Murchison's kennels were strongest (about
1869-74) they contained at the least 200 smooth-coated fox
terriers, including puppies, and perhaps the best of all the
lot was his well-known bitch, Olive, which had been bred
by Mr. Luke Turner, and was contemporary with Mr.
Henry Gibson's Dorcas mentioned further on. Olive was
by Belgrave Joe — Tricksey, by Chance, an i81b. bitch, with
a black and tan head, and all round one of the best fox
terriers ever produced, and "Stonehenge" had her illustrated
for his " Dogs of the British Isles." Olive died in the
autumn of 1889, at the advanced age of fifteen years.

Another equally powerful kennel about the same time
was that formed by Mr. Henry Gibson, at Brockenhurst,
on the borders of the New Forest, and whose name has
already appeared in these pages. From school-boy days

Mr. Gibson, of Brockenhurst. 63

Mr. Gibson had been an admirer of fox terriers, and, when
he had scarcely entered his teens, contrived to obtain a
crack dog of the breed, for which he paid the exorbitant
sum of fifty shillings, and that was about fifty years ago.
Later in life Mr. Gibson availed himself of the opportunity
thrown in his way, to cross this old strain of working
terriers with more modern ones, and thus he achieved the
honourable position occupied by the most successful
exhibitor of the day, which he certainly was about the
years 1873-6. Mr. Gibson still believes in the old time
terriers, and considers that the one mentioned above,
which he had purchased from Massey, Mr. Adderley's (now
Lord Norton) gamekeeper, of Hams Hall, Warwickshire,
was the best he ever possessed, and he treasures the same
strain even now. This family of terriers was as game as
possible, quite free from any of the bull terrier blood ; and
many and many a hard week's work have these Brocken-
hurst dogs done when their time was not occupied on the
benches, where they had a long and successful career.
Although most of these winners had been bred by their
owner, he was always ready in case of need to pick up
the plums which were to be had from other kennels. In
1874, he claimed Foiler at Birmingham (he was one of the
judges) for ioo/., where that dog had been placed second
to Tyke, who, catalogued at 5O/., could have been pur-
chased for less money. Foiler, a good-looking dog, with
a long, well-shaped head, but not level enough on his back
for my fancy, proved an indifferent animal to breed from,
although so well bred himself, having a treble strain of
Grove blood in him through Willie, Tartar, and Nettle.
Foiler, Diamond, Brockenhurst Joe, Vexer, Bitters, with
that extremely good bitch Dorcas, were some of the best

64 The Fox Terrier.

terriers Mr. Gibson has owned. The last named, who was
purchased by Mr. F. Burbidge, requires something more
than a passing notice, for there are many persons at the
present day who considered her, when living, as the best
of her race, and now, when dead, believe her equal has not
yet been seen. Dorcas, born in 1873, was at the height
of her successful show career, two years later, a bitch
about i61b in weight, with one side of her face black and
tan, body white, with one spot on it. She possessed one
of the best heads of the Foiler stamp, long and powerful,
well shaped on the skull, and quite terrier-like in muzzle,
her excellent expression being increased by her beautiful
eyes, sharp and sparkling, ever on the look-out for " rats."
She was not of the cobby stamp, though rather long in
back, bone not heavy, but apparently of excellent quality.
Dorcas' neck and shoulders were perfection, so were her
feet and fore legs, the latter as straight as they could be
made, still not stiff and stilty to the extent of giving a
narrowness in front and a deficiency of heart room, so
increasing a defect amongst the modern prize winners.
The ears of this bitch were nicely carried, neither too big
nor too little, and in the early portion of her career her
coat was hard, short, and close ; later, it became a little
soft. The hind quarters were not quite so neat as one
would like to have seen, arching a little too much and more
crooked at the stifles than is actually to be wished ; still,
all round, Dorcas was one of the very best fox terrier
bitches we ever saw, and as such fully deserving the
eulogiums bestowed upon her. Still, good bitch as she
was, Mr. W. Allison, in judging her by points in 1877,
placed her below Bloom, making the latter almost perfect
by giving her 96 out of a possible 100 ; Dorcas being

"Quiz" and "Chance.39 65

awarded but 86. Personally, I considered the latter quite
a class ahead of the former. Dorcas' head stuffed and
mounted, hanging on the walls of the Kennel Club, in
Cleveland-row, does her scant justice.

Messrs. Bewley and Carson, who resided in Liverpool,
about this time were going the circuit of the shows, and by
the aid of Quiz won a great number of prizes. This was
an unusually nice terrier in every way, though not of a
fashionable pedigree (being by Watty — Midge, whatever
they were), nor am I quite certain that, in 1871, he was not
the best terrier of his year. Mr. N. Archer, who bred him
at Stourbridge, was more than once present at the big
shows with some dog better than common — the bitch
Diamond for instance, though there was some trouble about
her ears. Mr. Gamon, of Chester, did honour to that city
by producing many of the best dogs of his day. His tan-
headed Chance, which was found suffocated in his box at
Birmingham in 1870, was, whatever any one says to the
contrary, about as perfect in his variety as anything we
have seen. His coat, perhaps a little fine, was close, and
the skin could scarcely be found underneath it ; his ex-
pression and form were perfect. The terrier most like him
is Belgrave Joe, particulars of whom will be found later
on, when he was the property of Mr. Luke Turner, of
Leicester. By careful selection Mr. Gamon had formed a
valuable kennel, and great regret was expressed at its
dispersal some few years later.

Quite a sensational dog of his day was Mr. Leon Binney's
Mac, a terrier of the handsome type, who came second to
Venture at Laycock's Dairy Yard, where the Islington dog
show was held in 1869. Many thought the Manchester
dog should have won, and dying soon after there was no

F

66 The Fox Terrier.

chance of his avenging his defeat. He, however, left behind
him a son, in Mac II., with whom the writer was fortunate
enough to win the cup at Birmingham in 1871, the open
dog class being, perhaps, the finest that had, up to that
time, ever been brought together. Hornet, another good
dog, and a daughter of Grove Nettle, was second in that
year. Mac. II. was all that a terrier should be, a game and
gentlemanly dog, and why he did not go to ground after
fox and otter was for the very same reason that the coster-
monger now calling " oysters, alive ! all alive oh ! " does
not do so in German — because his education had been
neglected.

The Hon. T. W. Fitzwilliam bred Tyke, a dog that won
an unusual number of prizes, and who with Rattler, following
a year or two later, takes us right down to the present
generation of terriers. Tyke was by Tartar from a bitch by
Old Jock ; a lowish set dog, with extra strong back ; of a
nice size, about lylb., very powerful, but with a brindle
mark on one cheek. He was pupped in 1869, changing
hands several times at small sums (a good terrier was now
worth ioo/. or more), until Mr. F. J. Astbury, of Prestwich,
near Manchester, purchased him, and showed him over all
the country. Dr. Hazlehurst had Turk and Mr. A. C.
Bradbury Trumps about this time ; the latter a leggy dog
rather, with a richly marked head, and bearing a character
for gameness second to none. Good as he was, he, like
Old Turk, was but a second-rater compared with the lions
of his day, though in " blue blood " equal to the highest in
the land. Mr. J. H. Shore's Viper, another son of Tartar,
deserves a line to be written as to his excellence ; so does
that sterling bitch Trinket, whose only fault was her plum-
coloured nose. Her history proved sad, for she was stolen,

The " Dreaded " Rattler. 67

and no one, excepting .the thieves, who were never dis-
covered, knew what became of her. Anyhow, a lovely bitch
was lost to the honest people of the world. Grove Trimmer,
shown by the Rev. T. W. De Castro; Mr. Allsop's Rebel; Mr.
Redmond's Deserter; Little Jim — the best of Tyke's get
we ever saw — bred by Mr. Gumming Macdona ; Tip and
Spot, shown by Mr. Theodore Basset, were all terriers of a
high class, and so like workmen in appearance that they
deserve to be mentioned here. The same may be said of
Mr. Murchison's Tom, of Vengeance, and of Diligent, the
latter one of the early fox terriers shown by Mr R. Vicary,
of Newton Abbot, who, later on, was to obtain such
celebrity with his kennels. She was bred by Charley
Littleworth in 1877, and and was by Brockenhurst Joe —
Busy, by Bitters, and a hardy-looking bitch with a very
coarse stern.

To continue a description of all the leading terriers
during the past two decades would be most wearisome ; so,
after a passing allusion to the dog who gained the name
of the " dreaded Rattler," fresh ground must be broken.
Jack Terry, of Nottingham, was the first man to successfully
exhibit him, which he did under the Hon. T. W. Fitzwilliam
as judge at one of the early Manchester shows. He was
there purchased by Messrs. J. Douglas and S. Handley,
who re-sold him to Mr. Fletcher, of Stoneclough, for ioo/.
Then, in the care of Mr. George Helliwell, of Sheffield,
who is now one of our popular judges, Rattler entered upon
a career of successful exhibition which was nothing short of
phenomenal. Born in 1871, and, when little less than two
years old, winning at the Free Trade Hall, Manchester, in
1873, he continued, with little to stop his progress, until
1879, then having won over 250 prizes. The value of these,

F 2

68 The Fox Terrier.

with the stud fees which no doubt so successful a dog
would command, must have made Mr. Fletcher's spirited
investment a lucrative one.

Rattler's blood I never cared about. The Stud Book
gives his breeder as Mr. Turner (this is not Mr. Luke
Turner, so eminent an authority on fox terriers), by Hulse's
Fox out of Fan, by Underwood's Spot from Cowlister's
Dutch; Fox by Trimmer II., by Old Trimmer. That he
got few notable puppies is not surprising, for, with the
exception of Spot, his progenitors were not likely to bring
good scions, the appearance of Trimmer II. in any pedigree
being quite sufficient to condemn it. Oh, what ears that
dog had ! big even during an era when such were rather
the rule than the exception. Rattler, in appearance just
an enlarged edition of Old Jock, was about iglb. weight, in
fair show condition ; good all round, the more one looked
at him the better he suited, his greatest fault being one
common to all much-shown dogs — a general listlessness in
the ring. When " rats " were astir Rattler was all over
the place, and, although he had many detractors — for the
most part defeated opponents — the name of the " dreaded "
will for long remain one of the foremost in the annals of
fox terrier history. Had Rattler been shown and knocked
about as a puppy, would he have worn so well and looked
so fresh as he did when last on the bench ? is a question I
would put to those who, nowadays, so persistently advocate
puppy classes.

For years the name of the Rev. T. W. de Castro has
been familiar to all who are likely to wade through these
pages — ever since he owned Buffer. Here we had the
exact antipodes to Rattler ; the one could not win on the
bench, yet could produce excellent stock, the other could

Sons of Buffer. 69

do the former and not the latter. When Buffet, Buffer's
son, was sold for 250/1 by Mr. Shepherd, of Beverley, to
Mr. J. Hyde, of Stratford-on-Avon, a sensation was caused,
for, however fanciful prices had recently been, this certainly
topped all. Buffet was as dear a dog as anyone could
purchase, because thoroughly unhealthy, his blood was dis-
ordered, and all the care and attention one of the most
skilful " dogmen," John Reed, of Beverley, could bestow,
were required to bring him into the ring in a fairly pre-
sentable state. Imagine a terrier almost, if not quite,
perfection in formation and symmetry, and you have
Buffet. Possibly the liquor arsenicalis in his system
made him despondent and heavy hearted when in the show
ring ; a gamer-looking and more sprightly appearance
would certainly have been an improvement. This poor
dog had not a long reign, and, when his general health is
taken into consideration, the wonder becomes greater that
his public reputation was so long sustained.

Other noteworthy sons of Buffer were Nimrod and
Gripper, and I am certain that had the first-named been
kept as he had been reared, his successful career would
have extended over many years. Gripper, his brother,
lived until he was seventeen years old, and twelve months
before his death looked as well and was as fresh and
lively as many dogs at half his age. How the writer of
these chapters obtained the fox terriers he once owned and
showed so successfully, may be interesting and instructive
to others who would desire to go and do likewise ; though
perhaps a different procedure as accounted later on would
be more likely to be successful nowadays, when " cham-
pions " are not to be purchased for io/. or I5/. a-piece, and
the best of brood bitches for less than a moiety of either
sum.

70 The Fox Terrier.

As a commencement it must not be forgotten, that twenty
years ago there were fewer dog shows than now, fewer
people who knew a terrier when they saw one, and that
canine knowledge was comparatively rudimentary. I lived
in a country town, and had no more than visited a few dog
shows, the principal ones, however, amongst the number.
I went, saw, and fancied the fox terrier as he then was, and
in due course, after obtaining a couple of puppies from the
same source, which died, got a bitch through the late Rev.
T. O'Grady, of Hognaston Rectory, Ashbourne. This was
Riot, by Old Trap — Venus, by Old Jock — a suspicious
pedigree to be handed to a novice, but ultimate proceedings
convinced me of its correctness.

After sending her over to the Hilmorton Paddocks, near
Rugby, to be served by Jock II., said to be by Old Jock out
of Grove Nettle, I had for my pains and expense a litter of
mongrels, one of which, because it had an " evenly-marked
black and tan head," I was persuaded to show. However,
so disgusted was I with my own dog alongside others, that
I sold him for seven shillings, and, though the entry fee
and expenses had cost ten times that sum, was told, by one
who knew, that I had made a good bargain. Purchasing
Crack (brother to Trimmer), in due course Riot became
his consort, and the foundation was laid of a strain which,
I believe, if it had been properly and judiciously kept up to
the present day, would have been equal to the best. After
three generations I found that my strain bred fairly truly ;
prick ears were absent, and any puppy I cared to sell
easily realised two or three guineas at least, and when
grown up would turn out by no means unpresentable.

Some crosses I tried were worse than useless ; thus with
the Foiler blood, with Rivet, who was by Gadfly from

Nimrod." 71

Tricksey, and laying claim to a pedigree quite as long as
the haughty haberdasher does when he retires from business
and becomes a county family celebrity ; and with a dog
named Nugget, brindled marked and the facsimile of Tyke.
Dew claws " doubly distilled/' brindle marks, upon other-
wise ugly creatures were produced from them, until I came
to the conclusion that to breed fox terriers with any
certainty you must have blood thoroughly reliable. I
gave a heavily marked puppy away which had been
produced from another cross I obtained by the
purchase of Mac II., for his dam, Venom, I had always
admired, indeed, I almost purchased her from her breeder,
Mr. F. Chaplin, so long ago as 1869. Then George
Dickenson, who came from Northumberland, as the head
gamekeeper at Levens Hall, Westmorland, had sent down
to him a bitch from the Tynedale, the lemon marked terrier
already described, which he put to the dark coloured puppy
mentioned above, bred from Crack and Mabel, a daughter
of Old Riot. A pup resulted, which was sold when a month
old for half a crown ! This youngster blossomed into Nellie,
as good a bitch as ever ran on four legs, though a big one
for modern fancy, and the dam of Nimrod (undoubtedly the
best puppy of his year), Gripper, and others I could mention.
Riot bred a whole host of good ones, including the afore-
said Mabel, whose temper outside her own family was so
detestable that she could not be shown. I had her entered
at one show, but she did nothing but sulk, kept her tail
between her legs in the ring, got v. h. c., quite as much as
she deserved under the circumstances, and concluded her
day out by biting three different people. There was no
better bitch in her day, and years afterwards she died far
away in Ireland in the bosom of the same family where she

72 The Fox Terrier.

had lived from puppyhood. A bitch named .Olive (not
Mr. Murchison's excellent animal of that name), Grove
Ella, Cedric (whose breeder, pedigree, &c., are carelessly
stated in the Stud Book as unknown, was brother to
Sally (694) ) ; Viking, Bessie, and Mac III. (afterwards
Sarcogen), prizewinners and good terriers in other respects,
were all from the same stock, and thus, with an original
outlay of 5/. added to the purchase of Crack and Mac II.
for about 3O/., a fair kennel of fox terriers was got together.
My dogs were invariably kept in the house, three or four at
home, the remainder on " board wages " with cottagers and
working men, who took as much interest in the dogs as
myself, and so did their wives when they found an extra
honorarium for the children and new gowns for themselves
at Christmas time.

In considering this method of bringing up puppies — and,
indeed, in keeping terriers and small dogs — by far the
best, I by no means stand alone. Most of our principal
exhibitors now follow the plan, as being less likely to
promote distemper and other disorders than when fifty
or a hundred dogs are kept together. Then in the way
of exercise, the "boarding out" system has many advan-
tages, and the dogs so reared are more sensible and
prove better showers and companions than when brought
up in a kennel. Messrs. Clarke, whose successes with
their fox terriers will be dealt with later on, adopt a
similar method, and, with the exception of some few
favourites kept at home, all their dogs were in the keep-
ing of cottagers and others, who did well to them, and
were, of course, suitably rewarded for their pains and
attention. Breeding generally from some twenty-five
bitches, Messrs. Clarke had, at one time, at least a

The Jester Blood. 73

couple of hundred puppies to select from annually — a
formidable undertaking, no doubt.

So there is little difficulty in forming a strain of terriers,
and only professional arrangements caused me to give up
" dogs " and scatter the results of my few years' expe-
rience broadcast on the world. Some are knocking about
this country still, others are in Russia and France, some
even further away, in the Antipodes and in various parts
of America, and, properly entered and taken care of, they
will be sure to do their duty.

With the establishment of the Kennel Club in 1874, and
of the Fox Terrier Club two years later, pedigrees came to
be more reliable, new faces were seen bringing their terriers
into the ring, and fresh strains came to be produced. Some
of the old-fashioned blood which Mr. W. Allison and his
brother-in-law, Mr. T. H. Scott (who contributed various
articles about terriers to the newspapers under the nom de
plume of " Peeping Tom"), introduced from Yorkshire,
did not nick well with other strains, though with Old Jester,
Jester II. (whose dam was Lord Middleton's Vic, by Old
Tartar — Vic, of the Grove and Lord Middleton's strain),
and a big bitch called Frantic, the relatives were fairly
successful. Possibly the two best terriers from this York-
shire kennel were Fan (already mentioned) and X. L. The
latter had at one time credentials to pose as one of the
best of her day, and so good did some judges consider her,
that she was purchased by them from Mr. Allison at one of
the Darlington shows for about ioo/. Later, shown by
Mr. S. Mendal, Manchester, she proved a great winner at
a period of our history when favouritism in the ring now
and then ruled the roast. X.L. (sister to Frantic), a tan-
headed bitch, was born in 1870 ; her breeder's name is not

74 The Fox Terrier.

given in the first volume of the Stud Book, but Mr. W.
Allison bred her through a bitch named Nettle being mated
to his favourite Jester, who was from Cottingham Nettle.
The Cotswold favourite was also, about this time, sire of
another good terrier, Mr. Arrowsmith's Satire, a first-rate
bitch even amongst first-raters. Both Mr. Allison (who was
very much interested in race-horses as the managing
director of the Cobham Stud Company, later a journalist
on one of our sporting dailies, and at present secretary to
the National Sporting League) and Mr. Scott were keen
sportsmen ; they knew a terrier when they saw one, wrote
nicely to the newspapers, and soon became authorities on
fox terriers, and judges whenever they were asked to
officiate.

Fox terriers were running about the streets of Notting-
ham forty years ago. I have mentioned that Mr. T.
Wootton had them, and Mr. White, of Sherwood Rise,
always kept several smart ones. Strangely, from the same
old town another and a later strain has reached us. The
Messrs. Clarke there established a kennel of their own, which
in many instances presented quite distinctive features. This
result was achieved by a peculiar, if not altogether an unusual
course of in-breeding, a plan which, if properly carried out,
has invariably led to improved " personal " appearance in
dogs, pigs, horses, and cattle.

The Messrs. Clarke's chief success was when they bred
between Brockenhurst Rally and Jess, the latter by Grip —
Hazlehurst's Patch, and the former by Brockenhurst Joe —
Moss II., though the Messrs. Clarke tell me that, strangely
enough, the blood of one of the puppies with which they
commenced in 1871, a grand-daughter of Rival, still runs
through some of their terriers, and at one time they could

Result. 75

have put into the ring from twenty-five to thirty dogs of
all ages, any one of them well worthy of a first prize.
Time after time, too, they sold some of their favourites,
and usually appeared to have better to take their places.
Brockenhurst Rally, after doing yeoman's service both in
the prize ring and at stud, died in the summer of 1889^
leaving a character behind him without a flaw. Result
remained with them, a black-headed dog of extraordinary
formation throughout. Some lylb. in weight, though
modelled like a little cart horse he was full of quality,
the punishing power of his jaw was extraordinary, and his
head was of great length and extra good in shape ; his
eyes were piercingly bright and expressive, though his
dark markings were sadly against a smart appearance,
which ,a white blaze down the face would have improved
much. His ribs, and loins, and back were excellent, so
were his feet, and legs, and coat. The hypercritical
found fault with the shape of the top of his head, saying
it was a little too round ; this was more in appearance than
in fact, arising from a rather low placement of the ears.
Up to the time Result retired from the show bench, his
last appearance being at the Fox Terrier Club's show in
1888, when he won the challenge cup, he retained all his
leading characteristics, though for some few months before
his death, which occurred on the last day of the year 1894,
he had been quite blind. This good dog was beaten only
on three occasions, twice by Messrs. Vicary's Vesuvienne, a
portrait of whom appears on another page in addition to a
short history of her, and once by his own daughter Rachel.
However, he survived long enough to turn the tables on
both his opponents. Altogether he won the fifty-guinea
challenge cup on eleven occasions, and Result in his day

76 The Fox Terrier.

was to my mind the best fox terrier I ever saw. Regent
was another excellent dog in the Nottingham kennels, and
that his constitution was of the best may be inferred from
the fact that in 1894, when twelve years of age, he became
the sire of a strong and healthy lot of puppies. He died
at the same time as Result. Raffle, Reckon, and First
Flight were also far above the average. The bitches
from the same strain were often lighter in bone than the
dogs, and not so characteristic. Rachel, already alluded
to, was a lovely terrier, and the best of her sex the Messrs.
Clarke ever bred. Money tempted them to send her to
America, though it is said that at the same time an even
more liberal offer for Result did not lead to a sale.
Other specially good bitches of their' s were Radiance,
Recherche, Rosemary, Richmond Nettle, and Raillery.
It seems somewhat strange that latterly Messrs. Clarke
have not produced any terrier of great excellence,
though they continue to breed from both dogs and
bitches of pretty much the same strain and with which
they were so successful half a dozen years or more
ago. This, of course, goes to prove to how great an
extent " luck " is connected with dog breeding.

The late Mr. Fred Burbidge, once captain of the Surrey
county team of cricketers, in the earlier part of his
career as an exhibitor, owed his success more to judicious
purchases than otherwise, and he then owned some very
good terriers, including Buff, Nimrod, Dorcas, and Bloom.
From about 1884 to his death, which occurred in 1892,
Mr. Burbidge proved particularly successful on the bench
with dogs of his own breeding, which were reared in a
lovely cherry tree country not far from Watford, Herts. ; and,
during at any rate a portion of that period, he displayed

Mr. Burbidge's Sale. 77

an ability to occupy the high position Mr. J. H. Murchison
and Mr. Gibson had done years before. Personally, I
had a strong liking for the class of terriers Mr. Burbidge
kept, his dogs being especially to my fancy. They were
not too big, had immense strength of bone for their size,
and no strain of modern fox terrier could approach his
best specimens for length and correct shape of head, with
powerful jaws in proportion. With all this strength and
muscle there was naturally a tendency to cobbiness, and
consequent stiffness in action ; but it is possible a genera-
tion or two of careful selection may remedy these trivial
defects. The jackets and eyes of all Mr. Burbidge's terriers
were excellent, and the tan-headed Hunton Prince (once
shown as Syrup), bred by Mr. T. P. Morgan, was during
the year 1889, one of the most typical terriers on the
bench. The breeding of this dog is somewhat interesting,
his sire, Hyssop, being by Spice, whilst Style, the sire of
his dam Lady, was by Pickle II. — Sample, the latter own
sister to Nimrod and Gripper. Hunton Baron, though
heavily marked, was a great favourite of mine, and so
was the more lightly made Hunton Honeymoon.

Following the lamented death of Mr. Burbidge, his terriers
were disposed of by auction by Mr. A. E. Clear at the Agri-
cultural Hall, Islington, in the spring of 1893, and being the
most important sale of the kind which has ever taken place,
the following particulars maybe interesting. Altogether 131
lots, including puppies, were catalogued, and they realised
i,8o7/. 6s. 6d., an average of a trifle over i^L i6s. The
bargains of the sale were, Hunton Baron, who went to
Mr. Redmond for 3Ogs., and Hunton Honeymoon, secured
by Mr. J. J. Pirn for 3igs. The top price was I35gs.,
the sum Mr. J. A. Whittaker had to pay for Hunton

78

The Fox Terrier.

Tartar, late Belmont Tartar, and Mr. Kelley gave yogs,
for the pick of the puppies, Hunton Squeeze, by Hunton

Bridegroom. The chief lots, with their purchasers, were

as follows :

Gs.

Hunton Billy

Capt. Keene

ii

Hunton Baron

Mr. F. Redmond ...

..« 30

Hunton Justice (late Panel)

Mr. J. C. Stephens

... 84

Hunton Bridegroom

Mr. T. Powell ...

... 24

Hunton Beak

Mr. J. A. Whittaker

... 20

Hunton Tartar (late Belmont

Tartar)

Mr. J. A. Whittaker

,. IOC

Hunton Honeymoon

Mr. J. J. Pirn

oo

... 31

Hunton Drift

Mr. R. Vicary

IO

Hunton Scrimmage

Mr. J. A. Whittaker

... 20

Hunton Brigantine ...

Mr. Jolliffe

... 16

Hunton Brisk

Mr. Ellis

... 36

Hunton Blackie

Mr. H. Jones

... 13

Hunton Silence II. ...

Mr. Fallett

... 13

Hunton Bee... ... ... ...

Mr. F. Redmond ...

IT

Hunton Bride

Mr. R. Vicary ...

... i^

... 22

Champion Hunton Surety ...

Mr. J. H. Kelley ...

... 41

Hunton Bliss

Sir H. F. De Trafford

... 70

Hunton Blister

Mr. G. W. Howard

... 2O

Hunton Bee II

Mr. F. Redmond ...

... 3I

Hunton Barmaid

Mr. De Hosker ...

... 18

Hunton Scramble ...

Mr. Whittaker ...

... 65

Hunton Scuttle

Mr. J. C. Tinne ...

... 12

Hunton Honeycomb

Mr. E. L. Corrie ...

.- 27*

Hunton Honeydew ...

Mr. R. Vicary

... 14

Hunton Blanche

Mr. Tattersall

... 20

Hunton. \^cx

Mr. R. Vicary ...

... I3

Hunton Comfit

Mr. Hogg

... IJ

Hunton Quantock ...

Mr. Cowley

... 28

Hunton Bout

Mr. Huntbach ...

... 2O

Hunton Chief Justice

Mr. Whittaker ...

... 37*

Hunton Jove

Mr. T. Powell ...

IO

Hunton Jostle

Mrs. Lawrence ...

... 10

Hunton Jingle

Mr. Mansell

... 14

Hunton Brawl

Mr. A. H.Clarke...

... 10*

Hunton Task

Mr. Kelley

... 36

Hunton Dulcibelle

Mr. R. Vicary

... 12

Hunton Dulcie

Mr. A. H. Clarke...

... 28

Hunton Janet

Mr. J. J. Pirn

II

Mr. Tinne's Kennel. 79

Gs.

Hunton Hush

Mr. F. Redmond...

... 20

Hunton Skittish

Mr. W. H. Taylor

... 15

Hunton Squeeze

Mr. Kelley

... 70

Hunton Justicia

Mr. R. Vicary ...

... 20

Hunton Crazy

Mr. T. Powell ...

... 10

Hunton Briskly

Mr. Baxter

... 20

Hunton Pert...

Mr. T. Powell ...

... 17

Hunton Hebe

Mr. Kelley

... 20

Hunton Scrambler ...

Mr. Whittaker ...

... 65

Hunton Just... ...

. . Mr Lougest ...

_ .

Hunton Best Man ...

Mr. Lawrence

... 10

Hunton Beam

Mr. Kelley

... 36

Hunton Tool...

Mr. Powell

IO

Hunton Baron and Honeymoon were afterwards re-sold
to the no inconsiderable advantage of their purchasers by
auction.

Mr. J. C. Tinne, secretary to the Fox Terrier Club, and
whilom one of our best and most celebrated amateur oars-
men, hard by the New Forest in Hampshire, spends his
leisure amongst his terriers. He has had them for twenty
years or more, and is usually to be found with from thirty
to seventy in his kennels, varying of course with the
time of year. The puppies are mostly out at walk, the
adults are kept at home, and, although fewer are bred
during the winter months than in the summer, their pro-
duction is continued more or less during the year through.
With so many dogs, and having had his strain so long,
an unusual list of celebrities may be given as having at
one time or another been either owned or bred by Mr.
Tinne, the best of them as follows : Brockenhurst Joe,
Pickle, Buff, Darkie, Dickon, Brockenhurst Spice (whose
blood runs in every terrier but one now in the Brocken-
hurst kennels), Deacon Ruby, Diamond Dust, Diadem,
New Forest, Hunton Darkie, Newcome, High Spirits,

80 The Fox Terrier.

Brockenhurst Tyke, Pendennis, New Forest Ethel, First
Arrival, Kate Cole, Ethel Newcome, Lyndhurst Vixen,
Brockenhurst Trinket, &c.

Perhaps during the past two or three years no one has
been more successful as an exhibitor of fox terriers than
Mr. Francis Redmond, of St. John's Wood. Still I must
confess an inability to appreciate some of his dogs, and in
type he has been quite inconsistent, the latter perhaps
because some of his most valuable dogs have come into
his possession by purchase. For instance the crack
D'Orsay, bred by Mr. J. W. Toomer near Swindon, was
bought for about 2oo/., and this dog's success has been so
phenomenal that I produce, or rather Mr. Arthur Wardle
produces, his portrait on another page. Since he left
Mr. Toomer, by whom he had been successfully shown as
Russley Toff, D'Orsay has never been beaten by one of his
own sex, and indeed appears to have occupied the position
Result so well graced a few years earlier. D'Orsay by
Stipendiary — Ruffle II., was born in 1889, since which time
he has repeatedly won the Fox Terrier Club's challenge
cup as well as other leading prizes. He weighs tylb., is
a smart, corky little dog, whose ears are not always
as well carried as they are in the illustration. I do not
like the placement of his shoulders, and generally he is
no favourite of mine, though with one or two exceptions
I must confess to being alone in this opinion. He is
a game terrier, and considerable sympathy was felt for
him when, during the autumn of 1894, in chasing a
rabbit, he fell over a cliff, breaking one leg and in other
respects injuring himself so much that it is likely his
show career is ended. I am correct in stating that Mr.
Redmond has refused a bona fide offer of 5oo/. for his

Mr. Redmond's Kennel. 81

favourite, which, had it been taken, would have proved a
record price for a fox terrier. A better terrier, so far as
character is concerned, is Digby Grand, a workman every
inch of him to look at, and first shown by Mr. G. Raper;
whilst Dominie, bred by Mr. Twyford, by his dog Pitcher,
and good enough to win at Birmingham in 1894 when
nearly five years old, is also characteristic. Mr. Redmond
likewise purchased a white dog with an unusually long face;
he called him Despoiler. He was bred by Mr. Owen, of
Shrewsbury, and shown by him as Belmont Terror. This
dog, with his small, pig-like eyes, is quite the antipodes
of the other two cracks Mr. Redmond had in his kennels
at the same time. A lady exhibitor, Mrs. Lawrence (Mon-
mouthshire), ultimately became the owner of Despoiler for
something like 3OO/., at which sum he was no bargain.
Mr. Redmond has had some fair bitches, the best
of them perhaps being Dusky Spice, Diamond Dust,
Dame D'Orsay, and a daughter of Despoiler and Dame
D'Orsay, called Dame Fortune. The latter made a most
successful debut at the autumn show of the Kennel Club in
1894, and followed up this success by winning all before
her at the Crystal Palace, Northampton, Derby, and
Birmingham the same year. At the Fox Terrier Club's
show she not only secured the challenge cup (value fifty
guineas), but about ioo/. in money likewise, thus estab-
lishing a double record, for no other fox terrier bitch puppy
had previously won the cup (Venio had won it as a dog)
nor had any other smooth-coated fox terrier ever won so
much money at one show. She is a. smart, level-topped,
and shapely terrier, and would, we fancy, be the best bitch
that has been brought out for years — but there is an "if" —
if she were more nicely marked and was not so bull-terrier

G

82 The Fox Terrier.

like in colour round the eyes. Her ears are liver or brown
in colour, and they, with her red-rimmed eyes, mar her
expression considerably. Still, as being at any rate the
best bitch of the year, she is reproduced in company with
her kennel companion D'Orsay.

Mr. E. M. Southwell (Shropshire), a painstaking and
careful promoter of the fox terrier's excellence, has from
time to time introduced many excellent faces. The wall-
eyed bitch Sutton Viola was a great favourite of mine ; so
was old Shovel, notwithstanding his bad temper; whilst the
bitch Surety is about as neat a one as we have seen for
some time, and, as I anticipated in the first edition of this
volume, has not been long in working her way into the
winners' classes. Another good dog of Mr. Southwell's is
Success, which has lately been purchased by Mr. J. A.
Whitaker.

Undoubtedly one of our oldest admirers of the fox
terrier, and one of our best all-round judges, is Mr. G.
Raper, a son of the late Tom Raper, who behind the slips
with a couple of greyhounds in them, has had no superior.
At Wincobank, near Sheffield, Mr. Raper has a valuable
kennel of terriers, as well as of other dogs, but earlier in
his career he gave pretty much of his attention to the fox
terrier. Thus he has had many of the best through his
hands, and in Raby Tyrant and Richmond Olive he owned
a brace of terriers of the highest class ; indeed, Olive was
the bitch of her year. However, both were ultimately sold
to go to America, the former for ioo/., the latter for double
that sum. Raby Reckon and Raby Mixer have always
been in the leading rank at our big shows. Delta
(afterwards Richmond Delta), claimed by Mr. Raper at
Buxton show in 1884 for ioo/., and afterwards put up to

More Good Terriers. 83

auction and bought by him for no/., was supposed to be
the best bitch of her day, her chief defect being in her
moderate feet and ankles. At the present time Mr. Raper
has a number of valuable and good bitches, the best of
them being Pet Pearl, Sutton Safety, Richmond Sanctum,
and Greno Jewel, a combination of blood which I should
say is of peculiar value.

Mr. J. A. Doyle (Crickhowel), already alluded to as the
writer of the admirable article on fox terriers in the " Book
of the Dog/' if he has not succeeded in winning the grand
challenge cup periodically offered at some leading shows,
has produced terriers with jackets on them to keep their
insides warm. Beggarman has a coat to be proud of — a
smooth coat proper, close, and hard, and crisp and strong ;
one that gives the lie to those who say a thick coat must of
necessity be soft and fluffy ; and awful jackets have some
of the minor terriers that occasionally win, such as will
soak up a shower of rain like a sheet of blotting paper
would do. Mr. Doyle has likewise shown a number of
bitches which are pretty well in the front rank, and lately
he has won with a good young dog called Hesper, which,
improved in his hind quarters, as he may do, would be at
the very top of the tree of excellence.

One of the bad-coated dogs was Mr. Luke Turner's
(Leicester) Spice, a wonder in head and ears and form, but
with almost all his tail taken off, and wofully weak in his
pasterns, both before and behind. He did a lot of winning
in his time, but doctors differed as to his merits, for I
remember well enough at one of the Kennel Club shows
the Rev. Cecil Legard dismissing him without a card.
Ultimately Spice went to America a three figures sale, but
did not survive his expatriation long, as one day his kennel

G 2

84 The Fox Terrier.

companions, a team of deerhounds, resenting his British
bounce, killed him. Mr. Turner has had many better
terriers, including Patch, a lovely bitch, which, owing to
the confusion of names prior to the formation of the
Kennel Club Stud Book, often gets mixed up with others
of the same name, and thus the credit of her excellence
has, perhaps, become divided. Delta was another far above
the average ; so was Richmond Liqueur, though a com-
parative puppy when she made her debut at the Fylde,
Lancashire, Show, in July, 1887, where the best judges
pronounced her to be one of the most perfect terriers
seen for some time, notwithstanding the fact that her
tail, like that of Spice, was almost all cut off. Unfortu-
nately, this promising young bitch died before she could
make that mark likely to be hers. Richmond Jack was a cast
off from the Leicester kennels, but some judges liked him ; I
did not, excepting as an ordinary little terrier for a com-
panion. His head was quite incorrect in shape.

If the Leicester Kennels have to survive through an
individual, the dog to whom that honour will be due is
the late Belgrave Joe. Belgrave Joe was much of the
stamp of rare old Chance, but a better terrier in every
particular, though he never came on to the show bench,
because in his early years one of his ears was supposed to
have been tampered with. But Joe's life at Richmond House
was none the less happy because of the stain, and he lived
there until old age carried him off to happy ratting grounds
at the ripe old age of twenty years. I fancy through this
dog comes most of the Belvoir blood so many persons
value at the present time, for he was by Belvoir Joe out of
White Vic, by Branson's Tartar — his Vic. Tartar was by
Mr. Moore's (Appleby Hall) Ruler, from the Donnington

Belvoir Blood. 85

huntsman's Fairy, whilst Branson's Vic was by Twister,
some time with the Quorn, from another Vic that originally
came from one of Lord Aveland's gamekeepers. This
was all the so-called working strain ; and when we are told
that most of these terriers were good-looking to boot, less
surprise is expressed at the value of their blood to-day.
It may not be out of place here to say something about
these Belvoir terriers, which, in the time of the huntsman
W. Cooper, were bred with some care, as many of the
earths in that country wrere strong, and a game dog was
required to drive the fox from them. The main earth close
to the Castle was supposed to be quite a sanctuary for a
hunted fox, until a little dog, named Doc, went under after
a strong vixen, and bundled her out without very much
trouble, as the same dog did many others on subsequent
occasions. Mr. T. H. Scott, near Thirsk, who some years
ago took particular interest in " Belvoir blood," says he
was unable to trace the present breed of Belvoir terriers
further back than some forty-five years ago, when Tom
Goosey was the huntsman ; but his Tyrant was a celebrity
in his way, which, later on, went to Sir Thomas Whichcote,
who, with this assistance, bred Belvoir Venom. Still, there
is always considerable unreliability about these pedigrees
of terriers before the Stud Books were published, as
readers, no doubt, have noticed earlier on.

It was from such strains as these, then, that our some-
what impure " Belvoir blood " of the present day was
produced, and from it came the dog previously mentioned,
Belgrave Joe, by many admirers supposed to have been the
most perfect fox terrier ever produced. Be this as it may,
there is no doubt he was a very first-class terrier, and, at
any rate, well within the first two dozen champions. Born

86 The Fox Terrier.

July 3ist, 1868, bred by John Branson, and purchased
from him by Mr. Luke Turner, Belgrave Joe, when
advancing in years and rendered impotent from disease,
realised 2O/. Previously, on more than one occasion,
Mr. Turner had offered a hundred pound note for Joe,
but when he went to Richmond House the prospects
of his recovery were not great. However, Joe was
taken into the study, and survived to the good old age
already mentioned. Weighing about i81b., he had a tan-
marked head, a white body, and, what I always liked, was
a trifle high on the legs (terriers are more active when so
built) ; his neck was a little too short to please some
fastidious tastes. In other respects he was perfect ;
shoulders, legs, feet, eyes, character, bone, coat, and form
all correct ; strong and powerful in his jaw, so admirably
in keeping with his other proportions, that he appeared
to be without an atom of coarseness about him. He
handed his good looks down to some of his sons, grandsons,
great-grandsons, and great-granddaughters, and at the
present time there are few of our leading fox terriers that
have not, on one side or another, some drop or more of
the old dog's blood coursing through their veins. There is
an excellent engraving of Belgrave Joe, from the original
painting by Arthur Wardle, which gives a capital idea of
what the old dog looked like when past his prime.

Round about Leicester the " Pickle strain " was at one
time a favourite, but did not appear to be of much use in the
long run ; for, although Pickle II. was an unusual success
at the stud, I fancy he owed this to other dogs rather than
to Old Pickle himself, who was by Old Trap — Fury, said
to be from Goosey's Belvoir blood. Pickle II., owned by
Mr. Turner, and later by the Rev. Owen Smith, a short,

A Devonshire Kennel. 87

bandy-legged, long-bodied dog, with an unusually long,
well-marked black and tan head, was by Tyrant IV.
(brother to Burbidge's Nettle), from Olive (sister to
Brockenhurst Joe), by Belgrave Joe — Tricksy, by Chance —
Ruby, by Old Jock. So what blood could be better ? and
no wonder Pickle II. proved most successful at the stud by
siring such dogs as Volo, Deacon Nettle, Daisy, Lady Grace,
Diamond Dust, Partney Puzzle, Peggotty, and others.

Devonshire — for years celebrated for the sporting pro-
clivities of its inhabitants — has always held some good
terriers ; probably, however, none so good for work and
play (showing is play) as are now to be found on Mr.
Robert Vicary's premises near Newton Abbot. From his
kennels during the last twenty years many good terriers
have sprung, animals which not only have been able to hold
their own on the show bench, but could work underground
whenever called upon so to do. Veni and Velasquez, were
far above the average in appearance, but the best of all
shown by Mr. Vicary is the white bitch Vesuvienne, who
made a successful debut at the Fox Terrier's Club show at
Leicester in 1887, and she has had a most successful career
since, on two occasions beating Result for the fifty-guinea
challenge cup. Vesuvienne, bred by her owner, a white
bitch of i6|lb. weight, is a little long in the body, and not
quite nice behind the shoulders. In other respects there is
no fault to be found with her, excepting that perhaps the
absence of markings on her head gives a somewhat bull
terrier-like appearance, and she is a little cow-hocked.
Her legs, bone, coat, shoulders, &c., are superb, her loins
are fairly strong and powerful. But what I like in her best
is the extra thick growth of hair on the neck, a protection
which all working terriers should possess. Huntsmen

88 The Fox Terrier.

consider her a model ; some good judges think her the
best terrier ever shown. In gameness, I am told, nothing
can excel her, but she is, of course, too valuable a piece
of goods to trust to the by no means tender mercies of
fox and badger underground.

In the summer of 1889 another terrier of more than
ordinary excellence was introduced from Messrs. Vicary's
kennels — viz., Venio, by Vesuvian — Venilia. After being
brought out at a local exhibition in Devonshire, Venio
was sent to London, where he won in all the classes
for which he was entered at the Kennel Club's Show,
in the end securing the challenge cup likewise, the latter
awarded to the best smooth-coated fox terrier of all
classes. Venio was then but ten months old, but he
sustained his reputation later on, when he took most of the
chief prizes at Birmingham in the winter of the same year.
A fatality soon after attended his dam, who was run over
by a baker's cart and killed. The Devonshire men said
"the loss of this bitch was little short of a national calamity."
Venio has lasted well, and even as I write, when he is six
years old, few, if any, younger animals are able to lower
his colours in the prize ring. Mr. Wardle's drawing of
this dog is an excellent portrait.

But the above are not the only high class terriers Newton
Abbot has produced, and from the commencement, when
Mr. Vicary formed his kennel in 1872, he has periodi-
cally sent new terriers to the shows which could more
than hold their own against all competitors ; even when
he had sold one of his cracks, Vice Regal, of which
more in due course. At the Kennel Club spring show
in 1894 a young dog of Mr. Vicary's, Visigoth, made a
favourable first appearance, following up its successes at

Major How and Mr. T. Whipp. 89

Portsmouth, and elsewhere ; later on being purchased
by Mrs. Van Walchren, of Holland. I should set this
dog down as a lucky one, for he is not in the first rank,
of which Vesuvienne, Vice Regal, Venio, and Result are
the most popular examples. The bitches from the Devon-
shire kennels have been likewise well above the average,
Vicety, Valteline, Viete, and Venilia being particularly
notable in their way.

Major How, at Stardens, near Gloucester, has lately shown
an excellent type of terrier, hardy, game-looking dogs,
which in many respects remind us of the best of the old
timers. Modern critics may see in such dogs as Stardens
King, Stardens Sting, and some others a certain coarseness
which does not meet their views, but for thorough terriers
of a hardy and workmanlike appearance these dogs of
Major How's are second to none. Mr. T. Whipp, of Cold-
stream, has owned two or three particularly smart terriers
lately, of which Douglas Jostle, Douglas Driver, and
Douglas Trinket are good enough for anything; but one
might go on interminably almost, making notes of these
minor kennels, of which there are hundreds throughout the
country; still, this section of the volume cannot be closed
without more than passing allusion to another kennel
which has attained distinction since the second edition of
this volume was printed.

Attention has been drawn on previous pages to the
manner in which I contrived to get together a pretty good
lot of fox terriers twenty years ago. To prove how time
brings about changes in canine as in other matters, the
particulars of the formation of Mr. S. J. Stephens' kennel
at Acton, near London, may perhaps afford some evidence.
In 1892 the gentleman in question, like so many others

90 The Fox Terrier.

who preceded him, set his mind on fox terriers, and deter-
mined to expend something like £2000 on the formation
of a suitable kennel of dogs and bitches, and from which he
would be likely to produce puppies worthy of their ances-
tors' and of their owner's reputation. At the Fox Terrier
Club's show at Oxford in November, 1892, he decided to
purchase, if possible, from Mr. Tinne, who had been unusu-
ally successful there, the two bitches Kate Cole and Ethel
Newcome ; from Mr. Vicary, Vicety and Valteline ; and
from Messrs Castle and Shannon the well-bred Pamphlet.

The Fox Terrier Chronicle said that " Mr. Tinne was
first asked what he would take for his couple of bitches,
and replied 5oo/., Mr. Stephens offered 4oo/. Mr. Tinne
then altered his mind and withdrew Kate Cole, but said he
would part with Ethel for I5O/., and two of her puppies by
Vis-a-Vis. Mr. Stephens made another offer, which was
accepted. He obtained one puppy of this litter, and a
second puppy by Stipendiary. At Shrewsbury show Mr.
Stephens bought Vicety and Valteline from Messrs. Vicary,
and Pamphlet from Messrs. Castle and Shannon. To Mr.
Clouting he gave ioo/. for Science, who had won several
prizes at the Palace, and had beaten Despoiler under Mr.
E. M. Southwell. The idea then occurred to Mr. Stephens
that he would like Stipendiary (this dog, as the sire of
D'Orsay and some others, had made a great reputation at
stud), so he wired to his owner, Mr. Taylor, of Bridgnorth,
its price, which was 2OO/., and that sum was promptly paid.

" Having now obtained nine good bitches and a famous
stud dog, Mr. Stephens thought he would like a great show
dog, so he did not leave Mr. R. Vicary alone until he had
bought Vice Regal for 4yo/. The next purchase was
Charlton Verdict. At the sale of the late Mr. Burbidge's

SSA Blank Cheque." 91

fox terriers in 1893, Hunton Justice was knocked down to
Mr. Stephens for 84.7. He made himself a limit of 2ooo/. to
set up this high-class kennel, and when he now totted down
the cost of his purchases they came to a few pounds under
i8oo/. He told us himself that the first week he adver-
tised his stud dogs he received 4O/. in fees." This amount
is not to be doubted when it is stated that the fee for Vice
Regal is 10 guineas, and that for Stipendiary 5 guineas!
With regard to the purchase of Vice Regal, it may be
interesting to note that it was made under very unusual
circumstances. Mr. Vicary did not care to part with his
dog, but Mr. Stephens meant business, and ultimately
forwarded a blank cheque, with a request that Mr. Vicary
would fill in the sum he thought the dog was worth,
which amount would be duly met, and no questions asked.
Mr. Vicary made the cheque 5OO/., which was to include
payment for a bitch already purchased for 3O/. Thus
4yo/. was the sum given for Vice Regal, and this is the
largest amount ever paid for a terrier of any description,
and not a bad sum either.

Since that time Mr. Stephens says he has had no reason
to regret, even from the purely pecuniary point of view,
the big investment he made in fox terriers. It has brought
him a reputation as an exhibitor, has introduced him as a
judge, and generally provided him with a popularity which
can scarcely be called dear at the money. So far as the
product of these good terriers is concerned, the success
has not proved so great as it might have been, though per-
haps another year or so ought to be allowed to elapse before
a decision, adverse or otherwise, can be reached. But it is
not given to any man to breed a Derby winner at will, or
a fox terrier champion whenever he wishes to do so.

92 The Fox Terrier.

How different this from the manner in which the writer
and others formed their kennels long years ago ! My
foundations cost me about 2$l. all told; and from Riot, a
bitch by Old Trap (or said to be), bought for 5/. ; Crack,
brother to Trimmer, purchased for i5/.; and the cost of a
stud fee or two (they were not 5/. and io/. apiece in those
days), I formed a very fair kennel indeed, and bred terriers
which did far more than their share of winning, including
at any rate, a couple of dogs which were about the best of
their year. Crack I sold for 5/. more than I gave for him,,
then purchased Mac II. for i6/., he good enough to win
" the first and cup" at Birmingham in 1871, beating all
the notabilities of that time; obtained "fresh blood" from
him, and a certain amount of notoriety in addition.

But the prices of fox terriers have advanced since that
day — one worth io/. then, would probably bring ioo/. or
more now, for the reason that more prizes are to be won ;
and if at Birmingham and other big exhibitions less
money is offered now than formerly, the specialist club
shows make up the deficiency with supernumerary prizes
and special classes. For instance, at the Oxford show
held in 1892, Mr. Tinne's Kate Cole took 86/. in prizes;
Messrs. Vicary's (now Mr. Stephens') Vice Regal 6o/.,
and altogether about I2O/. were awarded in prizes to
the various dogs shown by Mr. Vicary. Previously I have
noted how Dame Fortune won I5O/. ; other terriers from
her kennel winning more money, making a grand total
of not far off 2OO/. at one show.

One of our best bitches just now is undoubtedly Mr. Dyer-
Bennet's Lyons Sting, rather over-sized perhaps — at least,
she is said by some to be so — still her weight in nice condi-
tion is but i81b. Bred by her owner (who has refused 2507.

Lyons Sting. 93

for her) in July, 1892, by Rowton Warrant from Lyons
Nettle, she has a black and tan head which is of nice
character in its expression, and she has good, well-sprung
ribs, and in front has not that stilty narrowness and upright
shoulders so many so-called " good " modern terriers
possess. Her faults are a badly set on stern and plain
hind quarters, which are more apparent in the ring than
when she is amongst the rabbits and rats. First shown at
Cambridge in February, 1893, she won two leading prizes,
successes which were added to later on, and at the Fox
Terrier Show at Wolverhampton in November she took
6o/. in prizes. Up to the end of October, 1894,
Lyons Sting had appeared at fourteen shows, and in
twenty-nine classes, in which she secured twenty-six first
prizes, two seconds, and one third, valued at I44/. js. 4^.,
this not including five cups and four medals. These figures
are interesting as evidence of what a fox terrier may do
on the show bench in the way of earning its own living.
At home Sting is a game and rather quarrelsome bitch ; on
the show bench and in the ring she is shy and reserved.

A far greater number of fox terriers are bred now than
was the case a quarter of a century ago ; indeed, when one
goes carefully through the monthly registrations made at
the Kennel Club and published periodically in the official
gazette, the figures appear to be almost astounding.

The registration fee is one shilling, but it is not the
custom to name a dog of any kind until it is fairly well
grown and appears likely to turn out good enough to keep ;
so I judge that a fair average to take will be, say, one in
four born comes to be named and entered at the Kennel
Club. From 1880 to the middle of 1894, over 21,000 fox
terriers were registered at Cleveland-row, and assuming,

94 The Fox Terrier.

as I have suggested, that one in four born would be
entered, we have a grand total of 84,000 fox terriers bred
in a little over thirteen years. This number is, however,
quite a minimum, for very many more are reared by
individuals who are not exhibitors — who breed dogs for
hunting and other purposes — and who are in happy
ignorance as to dog shows, registration, and the Kennel
Club. Taking such into consideration, I should say that
9000 fox terriers are bred in the United Kingdom each
year ; and it seems more than passing strange that so few.
good ones and no perfect specimens are produced amongst
these thousands. Surely there never was such a popular
dog, and he, unlike his noble master, does not appear to
have become spoiled by flattery and by the adulations of
the wealthy. In manner he remains the same as he always
was ; his eyes brighten and he springs up to " attention "
when he hears the cry " Rats ! " now, when he is worth
2OO/., just as he did when he was a comparative " street
dog" and worth less than a five-pound note. If in manners
he has not changed, he has altered somewhat in appearance,
for now he is a somewhat leggy, flat-ribbed dog, and is, as
a rule, deficient in expression and character compared with
what he was in his early days. Still, our leading kennels
now and then introduce some terrier-like dogs — Mr. R.
Vicary's, Major How's, Mr. Tinne's, Mr. Redmond's, and
Mr. A. H. Clarke's, to wit.

Amongst the worthies connected with fox terriers Mr.
L. P. C. Astley must not be forgotten. For well on to a
quarter of a century he has been an exhibitor, on many
occasions a popular judge of the variety, and for several
years was editor of the Fox Terrier Chronicle. He has not,
however, of late bred any dogs of particular excellence,

Noted Breeders. 95

and perhaps his frequent removals from one district to
another have been against him as an exhibitor ; still there
occasionally crop up some terriers better than usual
bearing the prefix of " Dudley/' this being the name he
has registered at the Kennel Club. Mr. Astley, like Mr.
Raper, has judged in New York, where no doubt his name
is as well known in " fox terrier circles " as it is with us.

Almost every district in Great Britain contains at the
present time some one or other who, to the emolument of
the railway companies more than his own, shows terriers.
I think a fair list of the leading kennels of smooths has
already been given, but in addition to those mentioned as
former or present owners or breeders of smooth-coated
terriers — the wire-hairs shall have a chapter to themselves
— are Mr. W. Arkwright (near Chesterfield), Messrs. Hill
and Ashton (Sheffield), Rev. C. T. Fisher (Over Kellet),
Rev. Owen Smith (Southport), the Messrs. Pirn (Ireland),
Mr. J. B. Dale (Darlington), Mr. Herbert Bright (Scar-
borough), Mr. C. Burgess (Spilsby), Mr. J. F. Scott
(Carlisle), Mr. J. C. Coupe (now in Australia), Mr. T.
Bassett (Surrey), Mr. J. R. Whittle (Middlesex), Capt.
Openshaw (Lancashire), Mr. A. R. Wood, Capt. Frazer,
Mr. L. P. C. Astley, Mr. F. Waddington (Durham), Mr.
Jack Terry (Nottingham), Mr. A. Hargreaves, Mr. J. J.
Stott (Manchester), Mr. R. Chorley (Kendal), Mr. D. H.
Owen (Shrewsbury), Mr. A. Ashton (Cheshire), the Hon.
Gerald Lascelles (Yorkshire), Mr. T. Hopkinson, Mr.
Joe Forman, Mr. W. Hulse (Nottingham), Mr. F. S. H.
Dyer-Bennet (Stourbridge), Mr. C. R. Leach (South-
port), Mrs. E. Lawrence (Usk), Mr. T. B. Sykes
(Lancashire), Mr. A. W. Emms (Leicester), Mr. J. A.
Whitaker (Lancashire), Messrs. Castle and Shannon, Mr.

96 The Fox Terrier.

E. Powell, jun., Mr. A. Gillett (Lancashire), Capt. T. Keene,
Mr. E. Attenburgh (London), Mr. W. H. V. Thomas, Mr.

F. W. Toomer, Mr. J. Denton (Doncaster), Mr. A. C.
Bradbury (Notts), Mr. F. L. Evelyn, Mr. W. Harrison
(Ripon), Mr. J. E. Croft, Mr. C. E. Longmore, Dr. Hazle-
hurst, Mr. J. H. Shore, Mr. Hopkinson (Grantham), &c.

In the United States of America, Mr. A. Belmont,
jun., has not only got together a fine kennel, but in
addition he imported a clever English manager, German
Hopkins, to look after its inmates, which he did most
satisfactorily, until he sought a wider range for his abilities.
The Messrs. Rutherford, New York ; Mr. E. J. Thayer,
and others in the States and Canada, have followed Mr.
Belmont's example, whilst Australia and New Zealand
have proved themselves thoroughly English by their im-
portations of fox terriers, and in due course we may
expect to find these colonies throwing down the gauntlet
to the old country in friendly rivalry on the show bench,
as they have done with such success in the cricket field
and on the water. Our French, Belgian, and German
friends have also taken kindly to the little dog, and at
many of the continental shows specimens of more than
average merit are continually met with, and often an
Englishman is asked over to judge them. Perhaps the
name of Mrs. Hoogeveen Van Walchren, of the Hague,
Holland, deserves special mention, for that lady has got
together an excellent collection of terriers, which she
is not afraid of pitting against the best of this country, and
at times this has been done with a considerable amount of
success.

In America and Canada, pedigree is as highly valued as
it is here, as will be inferred from the following story :

A Letter from Philadelphia.

97

Some little time ago I received a communication from
Philadelphia to the effect that my correspondent had
purchased a fox terrier which unfortunately had no pedi-
gree. His friends told him that such a dog was quite
useless even as a rat killer or as a creature to be admired,
when he did not even know the name of its sire and dam,
so he would be much obliged to me if I would write
him out a suitable pedigree for his little terrier. He
thought one from England would be better than one
manufactured at home. At the same time the corre-

o K

MEASUREMENT DIAGRAM (see p. 98).

spondent would be pleased if I would hand the pedigree to
" Mr. Peter Jackson " (at that time in London), for he lived
only a few doors from the young man who wrote to me. I
need scarcely tell my readers that " Mr. Peter Jackson " is
a renowned coloured pugilist, but my dulness prevented me
seeing the connection between a spurious pedigree and a
popular " bruiser."

About sixteen years ago, the late Mr. Edward Sandell,
an excellent judge of a terrier, writing under the nom de
plume of " Caractacus," obtained the measurements, with

H

98 The Fox Terrier.

the heights and weights, of some forty of the principal fox
terriers at that time, and from them struck a general
average. These measurements were made in accordance
with the figures on the diagram on the preceding page.

The averages thus obtained from the forty terriers were
as follows :

From tip of nose to corner of eye (AB) 2|in.

From corner of eye to occiput (BC) 4f in.

From occiput to shoulder (CE) 5 Jin.

From shoulder to root of stern (EG)

Round muzzle under eye (BT)

Round skull (CT) i2|in.

Round neck (DS) i2|in.

Round shoulder (ER) 2ojin.

Round chest (EM) 2o|in.

Round loins (FL) iSJin.

Round forehand (Q) 5 in.

Round pastern (P) 3! in.

Round hind pastern (I) 2 Jin.

Height (E to ground) i4iin.

Hock (J to ground) 4^in.

Weight — according to condition 1 7 to 2olb.

Rattler, at that time, was in his zenith, and, although
there was always a coterie around his bench, ready and
willing to pull him to pieces and run him down, he came
well through his ordeal of measurement, as the following
figures show : From A to B 2f in., B to C 3! in., C to E 5Jin.,
E to G I3fin. Round BT yjin., TC I2jin., DS i3in., EM
2iin., ER 2i|in., FL i6Jin. Round Q 4fin., round P 3iin.,
round I 2fin., J to ground 4|in., weight 2olb., height i5in.

Buffer, Saxon, General, Diver, Jester II., Bitters, Yorick,
and Scamp were among the next best measurers. The
longest headed dog was Sarcogen, who measured Sin. in
all; he was a 23lb. dog, far too big, and otherwise ungainly

Measurements.

99

in shape. His head was not only of this great length, but
was almost perfect in shape and expression, but he stood
too high on his legs, had an ugly stern, and was cowhocked,
a fault inherited from his dam, Mabel, who was by Crack
— Riot, by Old Trap. Mac II. was sire of this well-nigh
perfect headed dog, and the writer had the pleasure of
breeding him, he being of the same litter as Cedric, Sally,
and Bessie, to which allusion has already been made.

Now, although I do not for a moment believe that certain
measurements can constitute a perfect terrier, such may,
perhaps, be the means of giving some would-be exhibitors
a little insight into what they are about to undertake. Now
that the above figures have been reproduced, it will be at
any rate interesting to see how they compare with some of
our leading celebrities of the present era, viz., Mr. A. H.
Clarke's well-known dog Result, Mr. Vicary's equally
celebrated bitch Vesuvienne, his Venio, and Mr. F. S. H.
Dyer-Bennet's very good bitch Lyons Sting.

RESULT.

AB
BC
CE
EG
BT

3 in.

5 in.

6fin.

I2jin.

7}in.

CT lofin.

DS lojin.

ER 18 in.

EM iSJin.

FL i<ain.

Q ...

P

I

E to ground

J to ground

Weight i61b.

4fm.

3 m-
2 Jin.

VESUVIENNE.

AB 2|in.

BC 4jin.

CE 8 in.

EG ii in.

T">T* /C 1 *.~

BI o^m.

CT 10 in.

DS 10 in.

ER 1 8 Jin.

EM 18 in.

FL (round waist) ... 12 in.

Q 4fin.

P 2|in.

1 2jin.

E to ground 1 4 Jin.

J to ground 4 Jin.

Weight i6|lb.

H 2

100

The Fox Terrier.

VENIO.
AB 3im-

LYON'S STING.
AB

BC/ 4'jift'

BC

in.

CE 8 in.

CE

6|in.

EG 1 2 Jin

EG . .

BT. 7fin.

BT

iin

CT ii in.

CT

1 1 Jin

DS ioiin

DS

i i^in

ER 19 in

ER

2Ojin

EM 19 in

EM

FL i5~Hn

FL

i ^^in

O . S in.

Q

P 3zin.

P

Sin

*/ 4-

I 3?m-

I

2^in.

E to ground 15-^in

E to ground

0

U-in

J to ground 44"in-

T to ground

8

3jin

Weight .. ..iolb.

Weight i81b.

These measurements of four of our best modern terriers
compare very favourably with those of a dozen or so years
ago, and especially so far as the heads are concerned. As
to Result, his owner tells me that the length of the head is
actually yjin., but in the two measurements he comes out
8in., through taking the tape from eye to occiput across
the skull, which is 5in. ; length of nose, 3m. Mr. Sandell,
when he compiled his figures, did not include any bitches,
so, her sex taken into consideration, Vesuvienne comes out
even better, and, when I state that the measurements
of Venio were taken when he was six years old, and
that he is the heaviest terrier of the batch, his figures are
also excellent. Lyons Sting likewise comes out of the
ordeal of figures satisfactorily, and I am sure that all
admirers of the fox terrier will, as I do, thank Messrs.
Clarke, Mr. Vicary, and Mr. F. S. H. Dyer-Bennet for the
trouble they have taken in obtaining the measurements.

Judging (?)

I suppose there is little necessity ^ta^x^rhmd^aity' 6? "toy
readers, that even if they do possess a fox terrier with a
head y^in. in length, that stands I4^in. in height from the
ground to the shoulders, and weighs i61b., they do not, of
a certainty, own a champion. Possibly, when this volume
has been carefully perused, any uncertainty its readers
have possessed as to the merits of their favourites may
have been removed.

So much for figures alone. If one cannot select the best
animals by means of numerals, can we do so by the means
of points, or by any process at all ? Points by which to
judge are well enough in theory, but sadly out of place in
practice, being wearisome, and thoroughly uncertain, for it
is quite as much a matter of opinion as to how many points
may be given for a certain property, as it is of the general
excellence of the animal. One judge will say, " That
dog has a good head," and award the complement
of points accordingly ; another will say, " No, his head is
not perfect, it is too thick or too narrow (as the case may
be) round the skull," and he only awards three-fourths of
the full number of points, and so the thing goes on. The
British public like figures, and there is a show of learning
about tables which is, however, rather apt to lead people
astray.

A few years or so ago the editor of the Fox Terrier
Chronicle endeavoured to find out the ten best terriers
by the aid of his readers^an ingenious and interesting
device ; but even he and the instigators of his idea did not,
I fancy, find perfection in arriving at the result sought to
be achieved. Each reader of the journal in question was
allowed to give one vote each for the ten fox terriers he
thought to be the best. In the end forty-one papers were

102 \ ,- 1 Th$ -Fox Terrier.

duly, led^ in. arid: sig&efcL^ These included the names of
sixty-seven dogs, and at the head of all came the bitch
Dorcas, for whom thirty-seven individuals voted ; Mr. Luke
Turner's favourite, Spice, followed with thirty-five ; Mr.
Murchison's old bitch, Olive, being third on the list with
thirty-four. Then came Buffet, thirty -three ; Result, thirty-
one ; Richmond Jack, seventeen ; Lucifer, seventeen ;
Richmond Olive, sixteen ; Richmond Liqueur, sixteen ;
Nettle, fifteen ; and Belgrave Joe, fifteen. Such excellent
animals were behind these as Rachel, Rattler, Sutton Veda,
Brockenhurst Sting, Brockenhurst Joe, Jock, Nectar, Foiler,
The Belgravian, Tyrant, Fussy, Pincher, Bedlamite, Regent,
Grove Nettle, Hornet, and Bloom. Whilst Tartar, Chance,
Tyke, Nimrod, X.L., May, Sam, Old Trap, Bellona, Hazle-
hurst's Patch, Diamond, to my idea, considerably better
than at least four of the selected ones, with a host of others
I could name nearly or quite as good, never obtained a
vote at all ! Neither Vesuvienne or Dame Fortune had
made a public appearance at the time the plebiscite was
taken, so were not affected thereby.

A perusal of these figures and names sets one a-thinking.
Surely the forty-one voters must have been sadly partial to
one strain, or at any rate peculiarly forgetful of the past,
and twenty years is not far to hark back, and, lolling in a
cosy chair, reproduce to our minds the mighty champions
which made the name of the fox terrier famous in every
household. Did those who gave a line to Belgrave Joe
ever remember hearing of a dog called Chance, Joe's very
image without the bar sinister the mutilated ear entailed ?
Did the seventeen responsible citizens who ventured their
opinions for Lucifer ever hear of Tyrant, a better dog in
every way than the Rev. C. T. Fisher's whilom favourite ?

A Jury of Experts. 103

And so could one go on. Richmond Jack, a cast-off from
the Leicester kennels, obtained seventeen votes ! Tartar
and Nimrod were worth a score of him, and fairly and
squarely judged could beat him any day in the week.
Surely, then, we should require a jury of experts to select
the ten best smooth-coated fox terriers that have been
before the public during the last quarter of a century.

Good as Belgrave Joe no doubt was, he could not be one
of these, for he was never exhibited on the bench. Com-
paratively few persons ever saw him in the flesh, and his
reputation cannot be lowered by being omitted from the
list. The jury of experts is not at hand, so as far as in
my power lies I will arrogate their supposititious duty to
myself, and simply say that I consider the following are the
ten best fox terriers I ever saw. At the head of all Result
shall be placed, and then come Old Jock, Chance, Tyrant,
Dorcas, Buffet, Olive, Richmond Olive, Rachel, and Rattler,
But one half of these are amongst the selected by the
" gallant forty-one," and I venture to say that not a single
individual out of that odd number will have the temerity to
say that the Fox Terrier Chronicle's list is a better selection
than mine.

The ten dogs I have named were, or are, all-round good
ones, neither too big, nor too little, nor, so far as I am
aware, do they bear any brand which would prevent them
occupying the highest position on any show bench in the
world. Pincher I would have included, but he had but one
eye when I saw him, and Tyke's brindled patch debarred
him, in my humble opinion, from figuring amongst the
" immortals." Spice had a soft coat, and no tail to speak of ;
Richmond Liqueur had the latter defect almost intensified,
and was but a puppy when she died ; Richmond Jack's head

104 The Fox Terrier.

and face were quite out of shape when compared with those
a perfect fox terrier should possess. Lucifer is not class
enough to be included, but I am not quite so certain about
Nettle, and little harm would be done were she one of my
selections. However, on the previous page is the list I
have been asked to compile, and I believe it contains the
names of the ten best fox terriers Lever saw up to a certain
date — i.e., so far as the show ring is concerned. Their
credentials by mountain and meadow may form another
theme. If they were not " workmen " in the usual sporting
acceptation of the term, I can only say — their looks belied
them.

Of course, since the Chronicle's list was compiled many
good terriers have been produced, and the names of most
of them have already been mentioned. I should say that
since that time the six best fox terriers have been, or are,
Vesuvienne, Venio, D'Orsay, Lyons Sting, Dame Fortune,
and Vice Regal.

All I have written must surely convey an impression that
at the present time the smooth-coated fox terrier is the
most popular quadruped ever existent. There is a magazine
or newspaper published each month called the Fox Terrier
Chronicle, established as far back as March, 1883 ; there
are at least ten fox terrier clubs in being, and every other
man you meet in the street considers himself a right good
judge of the variety. Who would ever have thought all
this could have sprung from the few fox terriers shown at
Birmingham less than thirty years ago ; but time works
changes, and no one can tell how the fancy dog may be a
quarter of a century hence.

There will always be a great difference of opinion as to
the respective merits and otherwise of any terriers, for

Variety in Type. 105

even in doggy matters it sometimes occurs that what is
" one man's meat is another man's poison." This was so
in our early days when there was, perhaps, quite as much
difference in type as there is at the present time. I have
drawn attention to the weedy, light boned, ill-tempered,
but gaudily coloured, black-and-tan headed Trimmer, yet
when he was winning all before him for Mr. Murchison
(who, by the way, had paid far into " three figures" for
the little dog) there were other terriers in the same
kennel which were as unlike the " champion" as possible,
and it is quite likely that their blood and breeding were
similarly diverse.

Animals like Turco, Renard, and Vandal were all over-
sized, and not very far removed from bull terriers in
appearance. Still they were brought under certain judges
who considered them fox terriers pure and simple, and
awarded them honours as such. The gentlemen who
officiated in those days could easily enough be numbered
on the fingers of one hand, and the " specialist reporter"
was not so advanced and independent in his opinions as,
for the most part, he is to-day. A quarter of a century
ago all kinds of awards might be made and no one say
them nay, and perhaps the judges would write the reports
to the Field and other papers themselves, but without
appending their names thereto, as is the custom with those
who produce the critiques in the Kennel Gazette now.

Perhaps, after all, there would be an unpleasant simi-
larity in the fox terrier if each animal were precisely the
same in type, character, and appearance as its neighbour.
In any case it would be somewhat monotonous for the
judge, who would thus have to decide between individuals
only so far as straight well-formed limbs, neatly dropping

106

The Fox Terrier.

ears, and general symmetry are concerned. I am some-
what of a stickler for type and character myself, but, until
it is found that we ourselves are produced and grow
similar to each other in appearance, stature, and general
shape, we can scarcely expect the common terrier, even
though he is a fashionable beauty, to differ from us in that
respect.

CHAPTER IV.

Six GOOD DOGS — THE Fox TERRIER CLUB'S SCALE OF
POINTS — A PRIZE DESCRIPTION — GENERAL IDEAS —
WITH OTTER HOUNDS — MR. VICARY'S OPINION —
CHARLEY LITTLEWORTH ON TERRIERS — WORKING
AND TRAINING — COURSING RABBITS — COMPARISONS
BY MR. DOYLE. _00>^(><>_

1HOSE who desire to see the fox terrier as he is or
ought to be, have had their wishes gratified by
the portraits of Result and Vesuvienne, of Venio
and of Lyons Sting, of D'Orsay and the young bitch
Dame Fortune, on preceding pages. All have already
been described, and my opinion as to their respective
merits is pretty well known. Result is my favourite,
and when he first appeared in public I pronounced him
such an extraordinary dog that his like would not be
seen for many years. His owners believed the same, and
the correctness of the opinions then expressed has been
amply borne out. It is only natural for the Devonshire
men and Mr. R. Vicary to believe their bitch to be the
better of the couple, and. there are two or three exem-
plary judges who agree with them.

Venio is likewise a very good dog ; he has attained

108 The Fox Terrier.

champion honours, and he " wears " well. Lyons Sting,
though perhaps not so well known as the others, is
undoubtedly a bitch of very high class, and, to my mind,
one of the two best of her sex which have appeared on
the show bench during 1893-4. D'Orsay, by his suc-
cesses for so many years, claims a right to appear in
these pages ; so does his more juvenile kennel companion
Dame Fortune, because she was the best bitch of 1894,
and the only smooth-coated bitch puppy that has won
the 5O-guinea challenge cup. However, the portraits of
all are good, and my readers can make their own selec-
tion, compare the old style with the new, and, when
they have done so, perhaps interest may be found in
bringing any or all of them alongside the description and
points of the smooth fox terrier as drawn up and adopted
by the Fox Terrier Club. These are as follows :

DESCRIPTION.

i. HEAD. — The Skull should be flat and moderately
narrow, and gradually decreasing in width to the eyes.
Not much " stop " should be apparent, but there should be
more dip in the profile between the forehead and top jaw
than is seen in the case of a greyhound.

The Cheeks must not be full.

The Ears should be V shaped and small, of moderate
thickness, and dropping forward close to the cheek, not
hanging by the side of the head like a foxhound's.

The Jaw, upper and under, should be strong and
muscular. Should be of fair punishing strength, but not
so in any way to resemble the greyhound or modern
English terrier. There should not be much falling away
below the eyes. This part of the head should, however,

Points. 109

be moderately chiselled out, so as not to go down in a
straight line like a wedge.

The Nose, towards which the muzzle must gradually taper,
should be black.

The Eyes should be dark in colour, small, and rather deep
set, full of fire, life, and intelligence ; as nearly as possible
circular in shape.

The Teeth should be as nearly as possible level, i.e., the
upper teeth on the outside of the lower teeth.

2. NECK. — Should be clean and muscular, without
throatiness, of fair length, and gradually widening to the
shoulders.

3. SHOULDERS. — Should be long and sloping, well laid
back, fine at the points, and clearly cut at the withers.

CHEST. — Deep and not broad.

4. BACK. — Should be short, straight, and strong, with
no appearance of slackness.

LOIN. — Should be powerful and very slightly arched.
The fore-ribs should be moderately arched, the back ribs
deep ; and the dog should be well ribbed up.

5. HIND QUARTERS. — Should be strong and muscular,
quite free from droop or crouch ; the thighs long and
powerful ; hocks near the ground, the dog standing well
up on them like a foxhound, and not straight in the
stifle.

6. STERN. — Should be set on rather high, and carried
gaily, but not over the back or curled. It should be of
good strength, anything approaching a " pipe-stopper " tail
being especially objectionable.

7. LEGS. — Viewed in any direction must be straight,
showing little or no appearance of an ankle in front. They
should be strong in bone throughout, short and straight in

110 The Fox Terrier.

pastern. Both fore and hind legs should be carried
straight forward in travelling, the stifles not turned out-
wards. The elbows should hang perpendicularly to the
body, working free of the side.

FEET. — Should be round, compact, and not large. The
soles hard and tough. The toes moderately arched, and
turned neither in nor out.

8. COAT. — Should be straight, flat, smooth, hard, dense,
and abundant. The belly and under side of the thighs
should not be bare.

COLOUR. — White should predominate ; brindle, red, or
liver markings are objectionable. Otherwise this point is
of little or no importance.

9. SYMMETRY, SIZE, AND CHARACTER. — The dog must
present a generally gay, lively, and active appearance ;
bone and strength in a small compass are essentials ; but
this must not be taken to mean that a fox terrier should be
cloggy, or in any way coarse — speed and endurance must
be looked to as well as power, and the symmetry of the
foxhound taken as a model. The terrier, like the hound,
must on no account be leggy, nor must he be too short in
the leg. He should stand like a cleverly-made hunter,
covering a lot of ground, yet with a short back, as before
stated. He will then attain the highest degree of propelling
power, together with the greatest length of stride that is
compatible with the length of his body. Weight is not a
certain criterion of a terrier's fitness for his work —
general shape, size, and contour are the main points ; and
if a dog can gallop and stay, and follow his fox up a drain,
it matters little what his weight is to a pound or so.
Though, roughly speaking, it may be said he should not
scale over 2olb. in show condition.

More Figures. Ill

DISQUALIFYING POINTS.

1 . Nose, white, cherry, or spotted to a considerable extent
with either of these colours.

2. Ears, prick, tulip, or rose.

3. Mouth, much undershot or overshot.

The above points and descriptions, though carefully
drawn up by a consensus of authorities, are somewhat con-
fusing, especially where it is stated the teeth should be as
nearly level as possible and strong, for later on in the
disqualifying points we are told that, only for being " much
undershot or overshot" should disqualification take place.
Ninety-nine judges out of a hundred will disqualify a dog
however little undershot he may be, and quite right too ;
instances where they have not done so have only occurred
where the judge has failed to notice the defect. Terriers a
little overshot or " pig-jawed" are not so severely treated,
though, of course, a perfectly level mouth is an advantage.

The Club has not issued a numerical scale of points
specially for the smooth variety, and, although judging
thereby I believe to be a fallacy, because there is likely to
be as much difference of opinion as to the number of points
to be allowed separately as collectively, the following
apportionment is to my idea about correct, although it
differs somewhat from those published by other writers.

Head, jaw, and ears value 20

Neck ... ... „ 5

Shoulders and chest „ 10

Back and loin ... „ 10

Stern and hind-quarters ... ,, 10

Legs and feet ... ... ,, 15

Coat „ 10

Size, symmetry, and character „ 20

Grand Total . 100

112 The Fox Terrier.

Since compiling the above list I had handed to me the
numerical points as arranged by Mr. W. Allison in 1879, at
a time when he was one of our chief authorities on the fox
terrier, and repeatedly officiated in the capacity of judge.
His arrangement was as follows :

Head ... ... ... ... value 15

Neck „ 5

Shoulders and chest ... ... ,, 15

Back and loin „ 10

Quarters ... ,, 5

Stern, &c „ 5

Legs and feet „ 20

Coat ... ... ... ... „ 10

Character ... ... ... „ 15

Grand Total ... 100

At the risk of "over-describing" our popular friend, I
venture to give a " prize description " of the fox terrier,
written by Mr. E. Welburn, of Beverley, and which gained
for him the ^5 honorarium offered by the proprietors of the
Fox Terrier Chronicle, the proprietors being the Fox
Terrier Club :

" The fox terriers are in two varieties, viz., smooth-
coated and wire-coated, and, with this exception, they are
one and the same dog. The HEAD should be long with level
narrow skull, the under jaw deep, flat, and of sufficient
length so that the teeth are level in the mouth, the EYES
well set and of deep hazel colour, with a keen determined
expression, the face should be well filled in under the eyes,
and carrying the strength fairly well to the muzzle end ;
EARS small, V shaped, and of fair strength, set well on the
head and dropping down forward, with the points in a
direct line to the eye ; the NECK should be of fair length,

A Pithy Description. 113

clean under throat, gradually strengthening and gracefully

set into the SHOULDERS, which should be long and well laid

back, finishing clean and fine on the top ; the CHEST narrow

and brisket deep, with elbows placed well under ; the FORE

LEGS should be absolutely straight, with good strong round

bone carried right down to the FOOT, which should be short

with well raised toes; the BACK short with strong loin, the

ribs should go well back, be deep and well sprung, the set

on of stern should be rather high and gaily carried, the

full strength of the tail to be carried out from the set on to

the end, and not curl or come too much over the back ; the

HINDQUARTERS strong and muscular, free from droop :

thighs long and of fair breadth, with stifles not too straight

and hocks near the ground ; the movement of the dog

should be level and straight all round, and free from swing

on the elbows or twirl of the hocks, the character of the dog

greatly depending on his appearance, which must be smart

and sprightly, full of determination, at the same time clean

in finish, with a workmanlike and gentlemanly appearance

combined; the COAT of the smooth variety should be straight

and flat, lying very close, dense and hard, whilst the wires

should have one under coat and an overcoat of strong wiry

hair, which should handle like bristles ; the WEIGHT of dogs

should not exceed iSJlb. and bitches i6£lb. ; the COLOUR

most desirable being black and tan marked head, with

white body, this colour gives the dog a more hardy look

than either tan or lemon markings."

Little additional is there now to be said as to the smooth
fox terrier, and my general experience of him as a dog is,
that properly trained and entered he cannot yet be beaten.
Of course there are soft-hearted fox terriers as there are
pointers and setters that may be gun-shy, but such are as

I

114 The Fox Terrier.

much the exception in one case as the other. That he is
so little used in actual fox hunting is a matter to deplore.
Some time ago when reading that volume of the Badminton
library which deals with hunting, I was mightily surprised
to see so little allusion to terriers. Yet the writer, the
Duke of Beaufort, is a hunting man, one who loves to
hear his hounds " singing " in their kennels at night, and is
never so happy as when the favourite flowers of his pack
are making it warm for bold reynard across the meadows
of the Midlands. Terriers are only mentioned three times
throughout the volume — in one place where they are
recommended as assistants to harriers when trying along
a hedgerow; again, as likely to be useful to the earthstopper;
and on a third occasion as requisites for otter hunting.
This neglect notwithstanding, a good fox terrier can still
be useful in driving a fox from a drain, and our modern
strains may do their duty as well as the best that ever ran
between John o' Groats and Land's End. When once
properly entered, a fox terrier never seems happy until he
gets it — the fox — driven from his lurking place under-
ground.

Most of the modern kennels scarcely contain a soft-
hearted terrier, and many of these terriers are regularly
trained, broken to- ferrets and rabbiting, whilst some few
are seen hanging at the skirts of hounds to follow their
legitimate avocation. Mr. Vicary will tell us of some of
their work in Devonshire ; in Westmoreland I had terriers
which were as good as his, though my experience gave me
the impression that a really hard season with otter hounds
was more than a smooth-coated modern fox terrier could
stand. A little dog I had, Tom Firr by name, so-called
after that well-known huntsman, and because the terrier's

With Otter Hounds. 115

dam was Spruce, was well tried; he ran with the Kendal
otter hounds at least two seasons, and kennelled with them
too. The cold streams of the north, running for the most
part over and through limestone, were too much for
him at times ; and, though an extraordinarily, sturdily-
made, great-boned little fellow, he had often to be carried
at the end of a hard day. He was keen, too keen, for
he would swim with the hounds like one of themselves,
and was, perhaps, knocked up when his proper duties were
only about being required. All terriers should be kept in
a leash whilst hounds are running, and their strength
reserved until the time comes for them to go to ground.
They may have hard work to drive a fox, certainly such is
before them if the otter has reached his stronghold. The
otter, too, requires more than barking and baiting to drive
him, and I have had smooth terriers that would stay with an
otter till the roll-call, baying him all the time and showing
his whereabout, but never fighting him and driving their
antagonist into the open. The terrier just alluded to was
quite five hours at an otter under a harbour of roots, the
only one out with hounds that day that would really go to
ground. There he yelped and barked himself hoarse, and,
do what the hunters would, the otter would not budge —
even jumping on the ground overhead wras not sufficient to
stir him. Then a messenger was sent a distance of four
miles or more for another terrier, which, arriving fresh on
the scene, in due course, sniffed into the hole, waggled his
tail, went out of sight, and in five minutes a great otter
bolted, both terriers, amid loud tally-ho's, following their
game into the pool, where, after a fine swim and hunt, he
was in due course killed. I have seen fox terriers bark rats
out of a tree root, and even out of a hole, and my old bitch

I 2

116 The Fox Terrier.

Riot was a curiosity in this way, for she would stuff her
nose into a hole or opening of any kind, and there give
tongue loudly enough almost to rouse the Seven Sleepers.
Anyhow she usually alarmed the rats, which plumped into
the water and were then soon killed. She was as quick as
lightning at this game, and in the sport of boyhood's days
she quite broke the heart of a favourite bull terrier of mine,
also a keen rat hunter, by killing every one before he could
get near them. This went on so long and to such an extent
that the bull terrier ultimately refused to hunt at all when
Riot was present, and so he was sent away. As a watch
dog in a Lancashire warehouse I am told he did not prove
a success.

Riot I had well-nigh lost, and when she was heavy in
pup too. We had a few rats in the cellar at home, and
the old bitch was fond of watching for them as they came
out of a small hole in the wall. She had been missed for
an hour or so, and going down into the aforesaid cellar
there was the terrier with her head tightly jammed in a hole
so small that one would wonder how even a rat could get
through. There the poor thing was as fast as possible, and
I had sent one of the servants for a neighbouring mason to
bring his hammer and tools to free her, when just before
his arrival I managed to get her released. She had, no
doubt, rushed with such force and at so great a pace to-
wards a rat disappearing in the hole that her head became
jammed as we found it. Luckily Riot, excepting for some
slight abrasions, was little the worse for her accident, and
I need scarcely say that " hole in the wall " was carefully
plastered up.

Of course there are some terriers that will take more
naturally to work than others, but any of mine, when once

Gedling Tidy. 117

they got to go underground, could scarcely be kept above
the surface. The son of old Brockenhurst Rally, who
distinguished himself during a run with the Belvoir two
seasons ago, must have been one of the precocious variety.
He was only about seven months old when the above
hounds ran a fox to ground in a drain near to where the
puppy (belonging to the Messrs. Clarke), was being
reared. Without any preparatory lesson, when asked to
do so, the pup speedily followed reynard through all the
sinuosities of a long drain, ultimately bolting him, and this
much to the delight of the field. Mr. A. H. Clarke also tells
me that some few years ago he had a tan marked bitch,
" Gedling Tidy," who ran for seven seasons with the South
Notts hounds, and was so staunch to fox that she would
never look at ground game of any kind. By no means
was it unusual for this bitch, when hounds were at fault, to
work out a cold line, and actually lead the pack across the
first field, when, scent becoming warmer, of course the
hounds soon left their little friend in the rear.

No doubt Tidy was a bitch far beyond the ordinary
standard, and when she died she bore the hall-marks of her
excellence. Still, any one who has kept and worked
terriers will be able to enlarge upon equally doughty deeds
their favourites have accomplished. I was once offered a
good looking bitch, whose excellences were pointing
partridges and retrieving them when shot. Some of my
own have often been found useful on a grouse moor late
in the season, working within twenty yards, and preventing
the sly old cocks running back and getting up with a
11 whirr " and a " beck-beck " behind you. Many a
pheasant, too, has my little white dog Grip found ; and
to see his stumpy tail going from side to side was a

118 The Fox Terrier.

certain sign that game was about. This same terrier,
though taking water freely, did not care about leaping
from a bank. A cock pheasant, to a " neat right " of a
friend of mine, had fallen into the river, at that time
running in flood and at a great pace. Grip was there on
the bank, and leaning down I let him drop some four feet
into the stream. He knew where the " longtail " was
floating away sea-wards, and, striking out, soon had him in
his jaws. It was hard work with such, a mouthful making
his way against the current, but, swimming by the side, he
came up to me, and, leaning over, I took the bird from him
and then lifted the clever little dog on to terra firma.
Shaking himself and being caressed for his excellent per-
formance, he was not long before he was bustling the
rabbits about in a thick and prickly piece of covert. A
modern smooth-haired fox terrier will do duty of any kind
equally as well as any other terrier, if properly trained and
brought up so to do ; but for work in the rain and water,
labourers' rough duty in fact, he will not be found so hardy
as the cross-bred animal of some of the best strains.

Time after time has it been stated that the " show dog "
is a fraud when he has to earn his living in driving foxes
and killing vermin. Possibly he may be so, for an owner
with a terrier worth a couple of hundred pounds is scarcely
likely to run any risk with him. In an earth he may be
smothered by a fall of soil or crushed by some displace-
ment of rock ; and in killing the largest descriptions of
vermin, foulmarts and the like, his ears may be split and
his face torn. If scars on the latter do give an appearance
of gameness, they do not enhance his beauty, and, after
all, the latter goes a long way on the show bench. A
commoner and less valuable dog will do the work equally

Quite Satisfactory. 119

well, and if he be killed or maimed no great loss results
to his owner, such as would arise on a champion's
destruction. Still he will always kill his rat and hunt his
rabbit, and what pleasanter occupation can he have ? Now-
adays the fox terrier has his chief value as a " show dog/'
and his breed is not sustained with so much care as formerly
for the sole purpose of driving the otter from his hold and
the fox from his earth. His money worth is great, he is a
pleasing animal as a companion, and, let his detractors say
all they can and do what they may, I for one cannot believe
that the popularity of the fox terrier is likely to wane —
and no dog is healthier and easier to rear, more certain
to live to a good old age, and give satisfaction both as
companion and guard to his owner and to his owner's
goods. His sprightliness and handsomeness have made
him a fashionable beauty, his agreeable disposition and
good temper enable him to sustain his position and perform
his role satisfactorily, and doing so he may well be left for
the present.

Mr. Robert Vicary, who will be recognised as one of our
foremost judges and the owner of Vesuvienne, Venio, and
other noteworthy terriers, supplies the following interesting
notes, and it is gratifying to find the opinions already
expressed by me, so fully borne out by him.

" As you must first catch your hare before you can cook
him, so it is necessary, in this case, to look round at those
puppies you have at walk, which should be well out in the
country, where the youngsters, able to prepare for a life of
some hardship, are founding a constitution which will be
necessary for the work with hounds. Select those the size
required for the country they will work, for different districts
require different sizes, and give preference to those which

120 The Fox Terrier.

have good legs and feet, good neck and shoulders, back
and loins, and above all possess a thoroughly hard texture
of coat and a thick skin. A stern too gaily carried is to be
avoided ; I have rarely found dogs with sterns so carried of
staunch courage ; and avoid a shallow-ribbed tucked-up
youngster. Having selected suitable-looking puppies fully
thirteen or fourteen months old, let them go into the fox-
hound kennels, June or July is the best time, the dogs with
the dog hounds, and the bitches with the lady pack. They
will now have daily exercise out with the hounds, and get
used to running with them in an orderly manner before
cubbing commences. The huntsman, too, will have several
opportunities of giving the terriers a turn in some earths or
drains that can be run through without mischief. During
the first season too much must not be expected in cases
where terriers run ; it takes time to accustom them to the
country, and to be well up when wranted. Still I have
known many that have entered promptly, and bolted their
fox on the first opportunity, and also some that have been
of no practical service until their second season, when they
have turned out the very best.

" As regards badger work, I prefer a two-year-old, and
merely take out a couple of novices when working old
hands. The former listen, and when the fun begins in
earnest, one of the right sort soon shows that he is desirous
of joining in the fray. If the earth be large enough then let
him in with a good leader. Our method generally is when
the terrier has got up to the badger, and you can hear he is
keeping him well engaged, to commence digging and let
down a shaft over the spot. I have often seen this done
to a nicety, and on clearing carefully the last portion of the
soil, found the heads of both badger and terrier in view jaw

Lancer. 121

to jaw. Then if you have confidence in your dog lean over,
with one hand obtain a firm hold of the neck of the badger,
pass the other hand on to the scut, and let your friend pull
you badger and all on to the level. Then, disengaging
the terrier, pop the " grey back " into a sack. If there be
any doubt as to the terrier maintaining his hold, tongs had
better be used to save your hands from ' teeth that bite and
claws that scratch.'

" I have known a single terrier, Lancer, a winner of
several prizes seventeen or eighteen years ago, a son of
Old Dame's, said to be a daughter of Jock's, drive a badger
out of a drain made for foxes, more than once. On one
occasion we had no knowledge that a f grey back ' was at
home, and merely put Lancer in to see if a fox was there,
and were without any appliances. On hearing that a battle
royal was being waged we sent for a sack and the ' tongs/
and these arrived in the nick of time, for the badger
retreated, his face towards Lancer, his stern towards us.
When he was within reach I embraced the opportunity, and
the game was soon out in the open, but not until my
strength was nearly exhausted at holding him (' well off
you, at arm's length, mind ! '), a struggling, twisting brute,
did the sack arrive. He managed to give my groom a
snip through the thumb during the operation of bagging.

" An old disused mine shaft is often a favourite haunt of
badgers. I remember trying a very large shaft with Remus,
another well-known terrier, Tyrant's son Sam, the above-
named Lancer, Pearl, by Diver — Racket, also a winner,
with another brace, both by Lancer, but unknown on the
show bench. Here all our efforts were of no avail, it was
impossible to dig, and we could only hope that the united
efforts of the terriers might drive the badger out. How-

122 The Fox Terrier.

ever, there were several in the place, and after some hours
of waiting, and despairing of ever seeing one of the terriers
again, we fairly gave up all hope. At last faint moans
could be heard, and the ubiquitous small boy was happily at
hand, and induced by a liberal bribe to venture down the
shaft a few yards, crawling on his hands and knees, a
candle on the end of a long pole being pushed on in front
to show him the way. Lancer, Remus, and Pearl were
thus passed out more dead than alive, the two sons of the
former were quite dead ! Lancer, as soon as the water anci
fresh air had somewhat revived him, was just entering the
shaft for another turn at his enemies, when I caught sight
of him in time to haul him back by his stern. Never have
I seen terriers so mauled. These three were cut to pieces
almost, and for weeks had to be fed with a spoon, as their
lips had to be sewn-up.

" On a subsequent occasion I was tempted to try this
same earth again ; Veni, Valetta, Vedette, Victor Chief, all
1 show dogs,' being the terriers used. After a couple of
hours' wrork, in which we could hear ( our dogs ' hard at
their game, wre discovered the battle was being waged
near the outlet, and sure enough a badger's scut was
soon apparent and promptly seized, and the owner hauled
out nolens volens. It proved to be a monster, the biggest,
handsomest, fattest badger I ever handled — 32lb. was his
weight. To our intense astonishment, not a terrier was
badly injured; all the evening this was the topic of a
wondering confab ; how was it ? Well, subsequent
inspection of this mighty badger showed that he was
toothless, save for a much worn pair of ' holders.'

" I had news of a badger in a fox earth one day, and
arranged with some hunting friends to come and dislodge

Victor Chief. 123

the gentleman. Punctually at the time named I put in
Victor Chief, there being room for but one terrier at a
time to work. My friends on their arrival, twenty-five
minutes late, were introduced to the ' grey gentleman in a
sack/ much to their surprise.

" Victor Chief was the very best terrier at badger work
under or above ground I ever saw or heard of. A good-
looking dog, he was winner of several first prizes, and his
pedigree goes back through Mr. Chaworth Musters' Old
Victor, to Trumps, Tyrant, Moss, and Foiler on his sire's
(Young Victor) side. Whilst on that of his dam Vice, the
blood of Old Trap, Trumps again, Tartar, Fairy II., Belvoir
Jock, Branson's Nettle, with old Jock and Grove Nettle, is to
be found. No wonder, then, that with such an ancestry both
the spirit and the flesh were willing and able to do or die
whenever occasion offered. Lancer was almost fully as
good, both game to the death, as were a score I could
enumerate, but in no terrier have I found the pluck, intelli-
gence, and enormous endurance combined as in Victor
Chief. Vice, his dam, was the next best to these. Village
Belle, Vedette, Velasquez, Spiteful, by Old Sam, mentioned
already, Veni, Belgrave Dinah, Virginia, Boaster, own
brother to Buffett, were all terriers that have won on the
show bench and which I have seen at work and proved as
' good as gold.'

" As regards many of our show terriers of the present
time, ' in-breeding ' and lack of opportunity have done much
to deteriorate their stamina and working qualities, but there
is no doubt whatever, that anyone desirous of breeding a
team of good-looking workers would find plenty of the right
material amongst the fox terriers to be found so abundantly
at any of our modern shows. As a rule, the show terriers

124 The Fox Terrier.

are most carefully nursed from their infancy, and no risks
run of injury from any source. Soon after seven months
old, sometimes even earlier, their public career commences,
and if continual knocking about in a dog box and on the
bench does not soften a dog, what will ? I do not
approve of showing young puppies, and prefer them reared
by cottagers in the country, where they literally are allowed
to run wild. Those so brought up will, when first chained,
behave like a fox under similar conditions. They possess
constitution, nerve, and more terrier character than the
pampered nurseling who, before he has finished changing
his teeth, has made the acquaintance of many show rings,
and never tackled anything harder than a bone or an
unsoaked dog-biscuit.

" The great point to be borne in mind by the present
generation of fox terrier breeders, is not to out-Herod Herod
in the race to obtain quality. Do not ' quality ' your terriers
until there is nothing else left. Unwise critics, who have
no care for, or knowledge of what constitutes, a working
terrier, are often saying such and such a dog ' is a trifle
coarse.' When such a remark is heard or read, let my
sporting friend give an eye to the dog so described. The
chances are he is really a good one, with bone, coat, and sub-
stance, who perhaps looks a trifle manly when compared with
the weak-headed, vacuous looking, effeminate weed alongside
him. The great risks fanciers of any breed always run, are
that exaggerated developments of certain points are pre-
served to the detriment of what I may term that breed's
original form and character. We do not want to improve
a variety "off the face of the earth," and I sincerely hope
that, in fox terriers, a later race of owners may be able to
say that wisdom has been shown in the present day by

Charlie Littleworth. 125

breeders sticking to working characteristics as the leading
essential in a fox terrier. I am fully assured that at the
present moment there is plenty of good material, and that I
could as readily get a strong team of workers together as
at any time during my twenty years' experience. "

The Littleworths have for generations been a family of
huntsmen, and, although following their respective masters
in' keeping their hounds up to a high standard of excellence,
have never forgotten their admiration for the fox terrier.
Time after time the present representative of the house,
Charles Littleworth, Wembworthy, North Devon, and
huntsman, too, has found occasions when the little dog was
a necessity, so he has always kept some few running about,
many of them good enough to more than hold their own in
public competition. Yes, Charlie Littleworth is one of the
few modern huntsmen who know the fox terrier in his two
aspects, as a show dog and as a worker. His opinion
thereon I give in his own words, and the only preface they
need is the statement that he has taken an interest in and
kept fox terriers for a quarter of a century.

" The fox terrier at the present day has attained, by ' fine
breeding' (in-breeding), too great a delicacy and too high
an excellency in fineness of coat and bone for really hard
work. In many instances the modern standard is only
useful for show purposes ; perhaps he can kill a rat, and he
is elegant as a drawing-room companion. In training a fox
terrier for his actually legitimate work a mistake is too
often made in at first entering him to game above ground.
When he can find it so without much trouble, the natural
inclination to look for it in the earths is, in a degree, lost,
and once a fox or badger is tackled above ground, in which,
perhaps, a great deal of punishment is given and received

The Fox Terrier.

on both sides, an ordinary terrier does not relish going in to
the same amount of hard knocks and bites in the dark.
Let him as a beginning smell about the earth, and entice
him by degrees to enter it. He will, if game and worth
keeping, make out the scent, at the same time gradually
working up his courage until in the end he will tackle
whatever he meets. [I thoroughly agree with Littleworth
here, and have known many terriers completely spoiled by
being set to kill something before they had found their
noses. Even the first rat should be hunted before the
puppy is allowed to worry it. There seems something
about the scent of all game and vermin which, as it were,
raises the courage of the dog to its very highest.] Give
me a terrier which will go to ground, find his fox, stick by
him, and at the same time ( bay ' well.

" My belief is that the best strain for work has descended
from George Whitemore's (of the Grove) Willie and Foiler.
A bitch I once had, named Mustard, was a really honest
worker. She was about i81b. weight, and after running all
day with hounds would gamely go to ground, and show us
and reynard what blood ran in her veins. This bitch was
by Whitemore's Trick out of Eggesford Fury, who was by
the Rev. J. Russell's Fuss, a most famous one as a worker.
Mustard, too, had taken prizes at the West of England
shows, under the well-known and popular sportsmen above-
mentioned, including first prize at Plymouth in 1873.

" A granddaughter of Mustard's called Spot, on first being
tried to go to earth, remained inside for over two hours, and
when unearthed was seen facing two badgers, and keeping
them well at bay. A curious incident about this splendid
bitch was that she never relished tackling a fox above
ground, but you would have to go a long day's journey to

A Huntsman's Opinions. 127

find her equal in the earth. I have at present two great-
granddaughters of Mustard which I value greatly. Boaster
and Willie were both excellent dogs, the former especially
being admirably adapted for work. The latter was by Sam
out of Cottingham Nettle. Old Flora was another extra
good bitch for work, and her daughter Fancy did not dis-
grace her, for I remember her on one occasion sticking to a
fox for four hours underground, during which time she never
for one moment attempted to quit the earth. She was
finally dug out. Much to my regret she died when in whelp
to Gulliver. Artful Joe, too, wras a fine dog. He was a
little too big, but a regular hard one for work. I am very
pleased to say that his strain is still carefully preserved.
All the Belgravians I have are excellent workers. Limbo,
by Victor Chief out of Venus (a granddaughter of Flora),
came to a very sad end. Whilst in the kennel he was
severely bitten by the hounds, his leg being so terribly
broken and smashed that I was obliged to have him
immediately killed. I missed him greatly, as he was about
as good a dog as ever I had for work."

So much for a huntsman's opinions, but in taking them
to heart and inwardly digesting them, the reader must not
forget that a good dog can be spoiled by a bad trainer, and
in the opposite direction a good trainer can make a dog
which may be faint-hearted in the beginning, fairly hard-
hearted and game in the end.

With regard to the growing popularity of that undesirable
modern addition to the ordinary duties of a fox terrier, viz.,
rabbit coursing, something must be said. Not content with
him as a companion, either in town or country, some of his
ill-advised admirers have endangered his good name by
endeavouring to place him on a par with the " whippet," or

128 The Fox Terrier.

snap dog, and utilising him for the chasing of rabbits in an
enclosure. Nature never intended the fox terrier for a rabbit
courser. Had she done so his form would have been much
more slim than it actually is, and his lines built upon those
of a greyhound in miniature rather than upon those of a
sturdy terrier. Still, this somewhat plebeian diversion at one
time appeared to have taken considerable hold of a certain
section of the community, the members of which, on
Saturday afternoons especially, and upon other holidays,
too, hied to some field or other, and enjoyed themselves by
letting a rabbit out of a hamper, and, after allowing bunny
a certain start, unslipped a couple of terriers, which ran
after and in ninety-nine times out of a hundred killed it.
Had the rabbits a fair chance of regaining their liberty, as
is the case with the pigeon when liberated from a trap, or
even with the hare when coursed at the new-fangled
inclosed meetings (which by the way have never flourished
and will never do so), this fox terrier coursing would be
legitimate sport. As the rabbits have not an ordinary
chance of escape, and, preparatory to their being set down
in front of the terrier, have been confined, since their
capture, in a hamper or some similar receptacle, I must
look upon the thing with disfavour, and altogether fail to
acknowledge it as in any way likely to improve the fox terrier
as he is, and as all his admirers would wish him to remain.
Although, under these circumstances, the rabbits have
little opportunity to regain their liberty, their chances of so
doing are greater than that which was afforded by the
individual who possessed a terrier and a wild rabbit, which
he coursed in his cellar. The rabbit was given a start of
once around the floor, and " Jack," failing to recognise that
spirit of fair play his owner possessed, instead of himself

Coursing Rabbits. 129

running once around the room, took a short cut across it,
thus seizing poor bunny at the first rush. He got a good
kick in the ribs for his pains, instead of the praise he might
fairly conscientiously think was his due, whilst the proprietor
of the terrier heaved a deep sigh, and meditated upon the
unfairness of the world generally, and of dogs in particular.

This modern mode of coursing does give the rabbit a
better chance of his life than "Jack" did, still, for many
reasons it is not to be recommended ; and it is gratifying to
note that it is not recognised by the Fox Terrier Club or by
any of the leading clubs either. In America, not long ago,
a prosecution was instituted against a number of gentlemen
who had been engaged in the so-called sport ; but after a
lengthened hearing which caused no inconsiderable interest
throughout that country, no conviction wTas obtained, and
similar prosecutions in this country have, so far, had a like
result. Since the above remarks were penned, I am pleased
to find " fox terrier" coursing on the decadence, and just
now it appears to be a so-called pastime which is just
lingering along until it comes to an end by death from
inanition.

In sundry instances I have already noticed an inclination
to produce fox terriers with longer legs, less compact bodies,
and with an appearance of an ability to gallop more defined,
than should be the case. This is, of course, done to enable
them to prove successful at coursing meetings, and a con-
tinuance thereof would, in a few years, have entirely changed
the character of the modern fox terrier. I have seen puppies
shown whose owners, with an eye to the main chance, have
trusted to the good nature of the judge to give them, at any
rate, a card of commendation. This done, the natural
inference would be that at a coursing meeting, such

K

130 The Fox Terrier.

recipients would be allowed to compete without objection
or hindrance. Still, these puppies, excepting that they had
drop ears — in one case a wire-haired coat — were as far
removed from what a fox terrier should be as possible.
" Ah ! " said their owner, on being remonstrated with for
showing such things, " they are but puppies, and will drop
down, thicken, and furnish in due course." Needless is it
for me to say that in no case did they get the cards of
honour which the exhibitor desired.

An ordinary fox terrier has not pace to compete success-
fully with a rabbit on its own ground, nor until the present
time has any attempt been made to breed him for speed
alone. Daniel, writing eighty years ago, said speed was
not one of the peculiar properties of the terrier, although it
possesses the power of keeping up the same pace for a
considerable distance. He mentions a match which took
place in 1794, when a very small terrier, for a very big
wager, ran a mile in two minutes, and six miles in eighteen
minutes. This is rather an extraordinary performance, and
I do not know that there is a fox terrier to-day that can at
all equal it. Anyhow, there are the little " snap-dogs " or
" whippets " (and Daniel's dog might have been one of
them), which can course rabbits, and run races better than
any fox terrier. For such purposes they are kept in many
parts of the north of England and elsewhere. Those who
wish for rabbit coursing I would recommend to keep two or
three of them, for what is worth doing at all is worth doing
well, and I am pretty certain that even a moderate " snap
dog" or "whippet" would give the best fox terrier ever
slipped at a rabbit, twenty yards start out of forty, and
beat him into the bargain.

Of late a great deal has been written and said as to the

A Silly Season. 131

merits and appearance, of the fox terrier now as compared
with what he was on his first introduction to popularity.
No doubt he has changed in a degree ; he is as a rule a less
" rounded" and less sturdy dog now than he was then.
Many good modern specimens are more or less inclined
to be flat-sided, high on the legs, and stiff and " stilty,"
and I fancy breeders are losing that smart, dark, almond-
shaped eye which gives such character and expression to a
terrier. I detest a big, full, goggle eye in any terrier,
excepting, maybe, in a Dandie Dinmont, and in our modern
fox terrier I should like to see a little more of that fiery
and smart appearance which went so far in the sixties
towards making him what he is now in the nineties. Again,
I believe that breeders have taken up such a line that to
keep their dogs down in weight they must be produced
unnaturally narrow in front, with flat ribs, else, unless two
or three pounds less in weight than is usual, they would not
be able to go to ground, where a sturdy, thick-set little dog
of i61b. weight could do so with ease.

That there are more good fox terriers now than then
goes without saying, but, taking the number wrhich are bred
to-day into consideration, the percentage of actually tip-top
animals is not so large as it should be ; but I thoroughly
agree with what Mr. Doyle writes further on, and especially
am I at one with him about what at the time of correcting this
is the " topic of conversation in fox terrier circles," the size
of fox terriers. This cry of size seems to me to be some-
thing like the appearance of the sea serpent in the " silly,
or slack season." Both crop up annually, and have done
so for a longer period than one cares to recall. Why, many
years ago, the cry as to the growing bigness of fox terriers
was so rife that in 1877 the Birmingham executive arranged

K 2

132 The Fox Terrier.

their classes accordingly, having divisions for fox terrier
dogs over i81b. weight, for bitches over i61b. in weight,
and others for animals below these stipulations. I need
scarcely say that this arrangement was not satisfactory, and
though it was continued till 1885, the weight classification
finally lapsed, and has not since been restored. It may be
instructive to note that in 1876, the year before divisions
by weight were arranged, there were 72 entries in the dog
class, a number which has not been equalled since.

Some fox terriers look bigger than they actually are and
weigh accordingly, and vice versa is likewise frequently the
case. A fox terrier dog iglb. in weight in show bench trim
is really not over-sized, and often enough dogs heavier than
this have become champions and no fault found with them.
As a rule exhibitors are chary about sending their dogs to
scale when they are about iglb. weight or more.

However, I cannot do better than give prominence here to
Mr. Doyle's valued opinion " on the progress made by fox
terriers of late years, and some comparisons between the
prize winners of an earlier generation and those of to-day."
He says : " For twenty years I have bred somewhat exten-
sively, judged not unfrequently, and observed pretty
attentively and regularly. If, therefore, I cannot make
something like an accurate estimate of the results which
have been reached during that period, it is not for lack of
opportunity.

" To begin with, I feel pretty sure that I shall have every
competent critic of the breed with me as to the great general
improvement of the breed as a whole. Whether our best dogs
are better or worse than they were is a question to which I
will come later on. It is only certain that passably good
ones are far more numerous. Every large breeder is to-day

Mr. Doyle's Opinion. 133

able to draft bitches which twenty years ago he would have
looked on as valuable breeding material. It is not merely
in general symmetry and smartness that this is seen, but I
think even more distinctly in those points which make up
what we are agreed to call terrier character. Jock,
Hornet, and Fussy may have been even more terrier-like
than the best prize winners of to-day ; but the benches
then were loaded with dogs that showed bull or English
terrier at every point, and such have now vanished.

"I may also, I think, at once claim another point wherein
the dogs of to-day score. They last far better. Some, I
daresay, remember what that once beautiful dog, Mr.
Bassett's Tip, became in his later days. Bitters did not
fare a great deal better. In fact in my young days of show-
ing, a dog was looked on as a veteran at four or five.
Vesuvienne was as good as ever when she last graced the
show ring. Such as Venio and Dominie can yet hold their
own against most young dogs.

" I do not, however, in the least pretend that by what I
have said so far I have disposed of the complaints which we
occasionally hear of deterioration in our fox terriers. Those
who make such complaints would say, I take it, that while
there are more fairly good dogs, there are fewer really first
class ones, and that the prize winners of the present day are
unworthy to rank with their predecessors. I have more
than once heard this put very strongly. I have been told
that the type has changed, that the modern fox terrier is a
new creation altogether. I have observed that this is
generally said by those who have given no very special
attention to fox terriers, but have picked up a hasty im-
pression of what the dogs of a particular epoch were from a
casual glance at the show benches. I have no hesitation in

134 The Fox Terrier.

saying that a good dog a quarter of a century ago would be,
if he could be brought to life, a good dog to-day, and vice
versa. Then we should have hailed with delight such dogs
as Venio, Dominie, or D'Orsay. To-day, Jock, Buffet,
Nimrod, Turk, or Rattler would, if they could reappear, hold
their own in any company. I will even go further. I am
certain that if Olive and that beautiful but rather forgotten
bitch, Pattern, could be put on one side of a ring with
Perseverance and Meifod Molly — I mention two terriers
whom I have judged lately and who are fresh in my
mind — on the other, and if one of those critics who assert
that we have made a new type were asked, without
previous knowledge, 'which are the old stamp and which
the new ? ' he would unhesitatingly take the two veterans
as specimens of modern deterioration.

" I quite admit that one or two soft-hearted judges and
breeders have in my opinion been so carried away by a
craze for what is called liberty ( ' oh, Liberty ! what crimes
are committed in thy name!') and racing character, that
they have forgotten the importance of other points. I
might even go further and say, have taught themselves
to dislike substance, compactness, strength of back, and
shortness of coupling. But even this heresy is not new ;
the judges of whom I speak had their prototypes in the
days when some of us used to groan in spirit at the
victories of Tart, Ribble, and Saracen, and the defeats
of Gripper and Jester II.

" At the same time, though, I deny that the standard of
perfection at which we are aiming has altered. I am
quite willing to admit that the standard which we prac-
tically reach is somewhat modified. I would say, going
back to my previous illustration, that Olive and Pattern

"The Critic of Terriers." 135

were rather deviations from the average stamp of their
own day, just as Meifod Molly and Perseverance are not
specially typical of the present day. If I may use a
geometrical illustration we have not moved towards per-
fection, ever further away from it along a straight line.
Rather we have travelled over part of the circumference
of a circle of which the standard of perfection is the
centre. We have gained some advantages and lost others.
Neck, shoulders, and outline were points that we always
aimed at ; to-day we get them much oftener. We still try
to get well sprung ribs and compact frames; we oftener
miss them.

" For surely it is not needful to point out that change is
not necessarily deterioration. We sometimes hear it said,
' Look at that dog ; how utterly unlike Jock or Tyrant,' or
some other past celebrity. Very well ; he may be unlike,
and yet a very good dog. He may have got what the
other dog wanted, even though he misses some of his
predecessors' best points. We did not think the old heroes
standards of perfection in their own day. Why should they
be brought up in judgment against their successors ? Just
in the same way did the mentors of one's childhood cast in
one's teeth some half mythical generation of faultless
predecessors.

" ' Whene'er Miss Betty does a fault,
Lets drop a knife or spills the salt,
Thus by her mother she'll be chid :
' Tis what Vanessa never did ! '

u The critic of terriers who contrasts the iron present
with a golden past only illustrates a common law of human
thought.

" It seems to me that the sum total of the complaints

136 The Fox Terrier.

which we hear, when they are analysed, comes to this.
There are certain points of merit about which modern
judges and breeders are lax. That is, I fear, an almost
inevitable result of the show system. Stress is laid on
certain points, perhaps because before they have been
unduly neglected. Other points gradually drop into the
background. Public opinion is of necessity largely formed
by those who have a personal interest in certain dogs or
certain strains, and who often persuade themselves, no
doubt in all good faith, that their favourites are perfection.
The dog on whom breeders ought to be keeping a watchful
eye is the dog who is strong in just those points where the
generality of the prize winners of the day are weak. Un-
happily that is just the dog which is apt to be thrust aside
and forgotten. But this can easily be averted if there are
a sufficient number of breeders who are content steadily to
work their way towards their own standard of perfection,
and not to be turned aside by the caprices which at times
make their way into the judging ring, nor the effect of such
caprices on the sale market.

" There is one other point on which perhaps I ought to
say a word, and that is the size of modern terriers. For
some twenty years I have been told that terriers are
getting bigger, and if at that stage the complaint was well
founded they should by this time weigh about 3olb. As a
matter of fact I believe Buffet was well up to the size of
most winners of to-day. Brockenhurst Joe, who won the
Fox Terrier Club's challenge cup in 1881, was, I feel pretty
sure, the biggest dog, except perhaps Venio, who ever won
it. At the same time I do think that there is a certain
tendency on the part of critics, and, I fear, even of some
judges, to be indifferent to the question of size, and to

The Proper Weight. 137

forget that every pound of weight over i61b., in working con-
dition, is a set-off against a dog's utility. A 2olb. dog, if
well and strongly made, is not necessarily useless, but one
three pounds less can do a great deal more. I have been
gravely told, and by those who should know better, that a
dog of i81b. is undersized. I constantly, too, see dogs
advertised as sires who are confessedly too big for show,
/.£., probably about 23lb. weight. It stands to reason that
if we keep on using big sires, we shall gradually get a breed
of big dogs."

Perhaps there are some admirers of the little dog, to
which this volume is dedicated, who may urge that the
writer has not introduced as many anecdotes of its sagacity
as he might have done. Still, we all know what " dog
stories " are — they may be either true or otherwise ; at any
rate, they can be concocted by the bushel. There are, how-
ever, so many fox terriers in the world, that it necessarily
follows some of them at times must have exhibited an
unusual share of intelligence. Occasionally we have had
them performing on the stage ; at other times, when sore
wounded and injured, we have been told of a visit to the
hospital of their own intelligence, and a very patient waiting
at the gate until the turn for treatment came. Their
" homing faculty," if there be such a thing, has been
praised ; indeed, there is scarcely a piece of intelligence
any dog has displayed which has not been claimed for the
fox terrier — with what truth is a matter of opinion. There
is no doubt he is intelligent when brought up in the house,
but he is not such an apt pupil for the circus or the stage
as the curly-coated poodle.

A story comes to me from British Columbia, where a
big fox terrier, 23lb. in weight, became quite a skilful

138 The Fox Terrier.

fisherman. He did not, however, follow on the lines of
that other cute American dog (whose owner was a disciple
of Izaak Walton), which would sit with a line in its mouth
and wait until a tug or nub was felt, when it ran back
and dragged the struggling fish which caused that tug to
bank. This done, its master re-baited the hook, cast out
the line, placed the latter in the dog's mouth, who again
waited for the " glorious nibble." Our Columbian friend
does not follow this system at all. It just goes into the
river, seizes a salmon by the back fin, and drags it ashore,
willy nilly — poaching rather than angling. Salmon are
numerous there ; they jostle each other, and are in shoals
as thick as herrings.

One day in February, 1894 (I must give figures in a story
of this kind, otherwise its truth might be doubted), this
terrier saw a bigger fish than usual —one of i81b. weight or
more ; but, nothing daunted, he leaped into the roaring
torrent — the Columbia river is a roaring torrent at times —
and seized the salmon by the back. But the fish was fresh
from the sea, vigorous and strong, with " sea lice on
him," and, although not able to make the dog loose its hold,
this lusty salmon almost drowned him, and no doubt would
have done so entirely had not human rescuers been at
hand. Ultimately Columbia's game and piscatorially
devoted fox terrier was lifted out of the stream in an
exhausted condition, though his teeth were still fast in
the tough skin of his capture. This was a dog salmon
(Salmo cam's), but it is so called, not because it is usually
caught by dogs, but because it is useless as food.

So much for the fox terrier as a fisherman, but whether
his take, as above related, would entitle him to membership
of the Piscatorial Society is another matter. As a British

A British Workman. 139

"working man" this variety of Canis familiarises likewise
proved a success ; but, inasmuch as he has not as yet
interfered with the rights of the artisan, he has not been
the cause of trouble between master and man. Here is the
story : One of the electric lighting companies found
difficulty in carrying certain of the copper strips or wires
through the underground culverts. These strips, about
one hundred yards or so in length, are supported at
intervals of ten yards by transverse bars, and considerable
expense and trouble were caused in getting the strips past
their supports. One of the foremen was " a doggy man,"
and it occurred to him that a fox terrier might be trained
to carry through the passages a rope, to the end of which
the strip could be attached. He had a puppy on which he
at once began his tuition, which in due course was
perfected.

It is easy enough to train a terrier to travel underground
a hundred yards or more, but here it had to leap over the
supports, which she soon learned to do. Now she performs
her task cleverly, has assisted to lay many miles of wire
in London and elsewhere, and each Saturday receives her
wages like the men receive theirs, and is looked upon as
one of the most valued employes of the Crompton Electric
Lighting Company.

I think with these two stories of a dog's sport and of a
dog's work any ordinary believer in anecdotes of canine
intelligence ought to be satisfied ; still I am not much of a
believer in such stories ; nor is it the proper work of a
terrier to go a-fishing or to assist an electric lighting
company in its underground operations. There are many
uses for him in this world, even as a companion and as a
watch dog, as the former he is much to be extolled, and his

140 The Fox Terrier.

excellence in this respect has not remained undiscovered by
great men whose equally great friends believe ought to
have a soul above dogs. Quite a popular hero in his way
was the late terrier belonging to Mr. Justice Hawkins,
which, if it did not actually sit with its master on the bench,
was otherwise his lordship's almost constant companion.
" Yah ! " said a corner-man in one of our provincial towns,
11 1 didn't know as auld Hawkins was blind ! " alluding to
the fact that the judge in walking to the assize court led
his favourite little terrier by a cord.

CHAPTER V.

THE WIRE-HAIRED Fox TERRIER — His GAMENESS —
YORKSHIRE AND DEVONSHIRE STRAINS — THE REV.
JOHN RUSSELL'S TERRIERS — THE SEALY HAM TERRIER
— MR. COWLEY'S TERRIERS — CROSSES — THE BEST
DOGS — A BEVERLEY KENNEL.

JOST of the remarks made on former pages apply
to the wire-haired fox terrier equally with the
smooth-coated variety. In colour, make, shape,
character, legs and feet, they are as one, only in jacket or
coat do the two differ. With the wire-haired terrier the
latter should be hard and crisp, not too long, neither too
short, but of a tough, coarse texture, finer underneath, all
so close and dense that the skin cannot be seen or even
felt, and, if possible, so weather and water resisting that
the latter will stand on the sides like beads, and run off the
whole body as it is said to do, and does, off a duck's back.
There must not be the slightest sign of silkiness anywhere,
not even on the head. A curly jacket, or one inclined to be
so, is far better than a silky one. Indeed, some of the best
coated dogs of this variety I have seen, had more than an
inclination to be curly — the crispest hair on the human being

142 The Fox Terrier.

has usually a tendency to be so, and the straight hair is the
softer and finer. There should be some amount of longish
hair on the legs, too, right down to the toes, and when
there is a deficiency in the coat in this respect, one may be
pretty certain that some crossed strain is in the blood of
the animal so handicapped. In attempting to produce
straight coats, modern breeders have gone to extremes,
and, according to their nature, produced fine ones, of a
texture like silk almost ; these are, again, likely to be thin,
and quite inadequate to keep out the water and cold.
Seldom do we see a wire-haired terrier with so close and
hard a jacket as some of the otter hounds possess, or even
owned by a few of the best hard-haired Scottish terriers.
Straighter they may be, but harder never, and what,
indeed, is the straightness but a useless beauty mark ? An
old bitch of Mr. A. Maxwell's (Durham), Tennis, had in her
day one of the best of coats, but for modern ideas there
was too much of it. Her chest and neck were well pro-
tected, still its very profuseness made it likely to carry too
much water on a damp day.

In the kennels of the Kendal Otter Hounds there was once
a black and tan hound called Ragman, who ran for nine
seasons, and indeed he was so grey and worn with hard
work and care as to bear scarcely any resemblance to what
he was when first entered. He possessed the best water
and weather resisting coat I ever saw on any dog. With-
out being long enough to assist him as a bench hound, it
was simply perfect for the purpose for which it was
required — protection from weather and water. Take down
the ribs, along the back, under the belly, on the head, any-
where, it was all there, hard as bristles, close as wool, a
little softer and closer underneath than near the surface ;

A Good Coat. 143

and I have seen that good hound swim for two, or three, or
four hours maybe, come out on to the bank, shake himself,
so throw the water off, roll in the meadow, and in a minute
he would be as dry as the proverbial board. His coat
leaned towards curliness, and, this notwithstanding, his
was the description of jacket that ought to be found on all
wire-haired terriers. I know of not even one at the present
day that possesses so good a one.

In judging this variety of terrier I should, without
hesitation, throw out or disqualify every dog with a soft
coat. In their group or classes they are called " wire-
haired " terriers, and anyone giving an award of any kind
to one that is not as described does a triple injustice, for he
dishonours the description, introduces a bad type, and
proves his own incompetence. I have dwelt thus long on
coat because therein lies the whole difference between the
two great modern types of fox terriers.

From the time Dame Juliana Berners wrote of " teroures "
the varieties, rough and smooth, have grown up side by side,
one man preferring the one, another the other. The smooth
variety has always been the more numerous — latterly the
more popular, because the smarter, the more thorough-bred
looking animal, and besides, on wet days he does not take
so much dirt into the house. As to gameness, Jack is as
good as his master, but by reason of the denser covering to
his skin, the wire-haired can stand the cold, inclement
weather of our north country climate better than his cousin ;
still, after all, a cross-bred dog is best for the really arduous
work required with fox-hounds hunting in a mountainous
district, and with otter hounds.

Some old engravers and painters have given us portraits
of wire-haired terriers black and tan, blue grizzle and tan,

144 The Fox Terrier.

pepper and salt, and of various shades in red and fawn and
yellow, as well as of the present time orthodox white
and marked with fawn, or black and tan. Modern fancy
has developed the black and tan into a new variety,
whilst the others, of whole colour, equally useful in every
way, have gone to the wall. In various districts of North
Durham and Yorkshire the wire-haired terriers appear to
have been produced in greatest numbers, but Devonshire
also had them in the form they were wont to be used by
the Rev. John Russell, a name so familiar to every sports-
man throughout the many countries where the English
language is spoken. The late and much respected " Robin
Hood," so long the Field's well-known coursing correspon-
dent, told me that even in Nottingham, supposed to be the
home of the smooth variety, the " wire-hairs " were common
enough forty-five or more years ago. And how visions of
his early sporting dogs rushed before him when he told me
of a terrier he had owned with an extraordinarily long head,
which came from the Quorn when Sir Richard Sutton was
the master. This dog, he said, was in every sense a
pattern of the best we see to-day, i81b. weight, hard
coated, strong-jawed, possessing at the same time the
" ferocity of the tiger " when " cats " were about, and
" the gentleness of the dove " in the presence of his genial
owner. Mr. C. M. Browne (" Robin Hood ") was inclined
to believe that a majority of the Midland counties strains
of wire-haired terriers sprang from this dog, which, if
his recollection did not fail him, became the property of
Mr. T. Wootton, who certainly had some very good ones
about twenty years later, though that they were all as
game as one would have wished may be doubted by the
following story :

The Fox and the Terriers. 145

In the early days of competition, a dog show was held
in a certain town in the North of England, at which some
two or three of these terriers, said to be " good at badger,
cat, fox, and fighting," were exhibited, and as usual they
won all the prizes. At n o'clock one night, some of
the members of the committee, after dining rather heartily,
and supping not too wisely but too well, visited the show,
and in company with the " nightmen " went round to see
the terriers. Now unfortunately a semi-tame fox was one
of the attractions of the exhibition, and mischief moved
the midnight visitors to try some of the crack " wire-hairs "
with that fox. Alack ! alas ! they knew sly reynard not,
nor did they take the slightest notice of him as they
were one by one slipped into his cage — the " earth dogs "
bolted so far as their collars and chains allowed them.
" Try Sir Douglas ! " said a fellow, alluding to a well-
known Dandie Dinmont benched not far away, and Sir
Douglas was tried, with the result that he went to the
poor fox and nearly killed it before he could be taken
off. I do not mention this little episode, and a disgraceful
one it was, with any intention of lauding the Dandie
Dinmont at the expense of the wire-haired terrier, but to
show what little scenes occasionally occurred at some
shows of years ago. I fancy matters connected therewith
are better nowadays.

Perhaps the following will act as a counter-irritant to
some readers who may object to hear anything in dis-
paragement of their favourites. In communication with
one of our most celebrated and oldest admirers of the
wire-haired terrier, he told me of a terrier I sent him,
which in turn was despatched to a friend in New York.
It had not been many hours in its new abode before it

L

146 The Fox Terrier.

showed courage and gameness in many ways. Then it was
missing for many hours, and one day unusual sounds under-
neath the stable floor led to a suspicion that Jack was there.
In due course the floor was taken up, and from a pipe drain
underneath, the terrier was dragged, and a huge cat lay
worried and dead by his side. This was a I3lb. terrier, but
he was too hard bitten and ferocious for ordinary work.

No further proof of the gameness of the modern wire-
haired terrier need be adduced than was described in the
columns of the Field three years ago, in connection with
the Kendal otter hounds, which were hunting the river Lune,
near Hornby. An otter had been marked in a tile drain,
an ordinary drain pipe indeed, and to drive him, one of the
hunt's terriers went to ground. There was no side drain
to allow him to get behind the otter, and of course to draw
master Lutra, badger fashion, was impossible. However,
in the end the otter was, if not actually drawn, fairly driven
out of his stronghold, the plucky little terrier having actually
fought his way underneath or over his enemy, and, when
once behind him, made the drain so uncomfortable, that
the rough-and-ready notice of ejectment was acted upon.
A fine otter dashed out of the drain's mouth, followed
immediately by Turk, sadly bitten and bedraggled, but by
no means seriously injured. This terrier, though the
huntsman could give him no pedigree, was in appearance
of fashionable blood — a good-looking little fellow, about
i5lb. in weight, and handsome enough to win a prize on
the show bench, which he has done. Bobby Troughton,
who had hunted the Kendal Otter Hounds for a dozen
years, said this dog Turk was the gamest and hardest terrier
he ever possessed — surely a glowing testimonial for a
modern show animal. * '•

A Badger Killed. 147

No gamer terrier could be imagined than one which for
years was the property of Mr. W. H. B. Schrieber, of
Watford. Powderham Jack originally came from Mr.
Damarell's kennel in Devonshire, but he was supposed to
be Midland county bred, and here is what he did. Jack,
when six years old — of course he had made the acquaintance
of the " grey gentleman " long before — was sent into a
badger earth in Hertfordshire about noon, and, though
unable to drive his game, remained there righting for over
six hours and a half. Then he was dug out terribly ex-
hausted, and awfully bitten and torn — so much so in fact that
for three weeks he had to be fed with a spoon held below
the root of the tongue, as any liquid given in the usual way
ran out through the holes the badger had made in the dog's
under jaw and mouth. However, careful nursing brought
him round, although Jack carried the tale-telling scars to
his dying day.

On the second day after the affray Mr. Schrieber returned
to the " earth " with another terrier, which in due course
" marked," and by digging, the end of the burrow was
reached. Here the party found a large female badger dead
which Jack had killed the day before. She was 26Ib. in
weight, and, on being skinned, her chest and her ribs were
found to be broken, although outwardly she showed few
marks of the dog's teeth. This is the only authenticated
case of which I have record where a i61b. terrier killed
a badger nearly double his own weight in fair fight
underground. No wonder that Mr. Schrieber was proud
in his possession of such a dog, and, though in the end
blindness resulted from the injuries Jack received on that
eventful day, he lived until quite recently to be respected
and admired as one of the best terriers ever known. In

L 2

148 The Fox Terrier.

appearance Powderham Jack was quite up to " show form ;"
indeed, on several occasions before his great fight, he had
appeared on the bench, where he met with considerable
success. On his sire's side he was descended from Jack
Terry's Wasp and champion Broome, but his dam's pedigree
was never ascertained.

Some of the earlier wire-haired terriers were remarkably
savage and ill-tempered, or perhaps it was the writer's
misfortune to possess such. However, about seventeen
years ago I had one sent me from Shropshire, which
originally came from the huntsman of the Albrighton
hounds. Anyhow, rare good-looking dog though he
seemed, his excellence was sadly marred by his de-
testable disposition. He was never safe, and always as
willing to growl at his owner as to take a piece out of
the leg of a tramp or anyone else. Entered for Darlington
Show at a few pounds, if he was not sold I had promised
him as a present to a friend ; as it happened he won
the first prize and the special cup, and was at once
claimed by a well-known admirer of the breed. Avenger
(the dog's name) was a little high on the legs, i81b.
weight, straight in front and terrier-like in head, with a
hard jacket, but not much of it. I need scarcely say he
did not need trimming, or " faking," to make him look
his best.

Owing to one cause or another, the wire-haired fox
terrier has occupied longer in popularising himself than
the smooth-coated one. For years he was without a
class at any of the shows, and when he became so im-
portant as to be honoured by being so provided, he was
relegated to the non-sporting division ! Birmingham gave
him his first class in 1873, nine years subsequent to the

Incompetent Judges. 149

time when the smooth variety had been prominently brought
forward. Some of the stud books have the wire-haired
fox terrier entered amongst non-sporting dogs, sandwiched
between the Pomeranians and Bedlington terriers, and so he
continued till 1875, whilst a little earlier the same refer-
ence volume mixes the wire-haired fox terriers with the
Irish terriers. Here is reason for a delay in popularisa-
tion, which undoubtedly arose from the incompetence of
some of the judges who were asked to give their opinions
on the breed, and whose knowledge thereof was quite on
a par with what it might be with regard to white elephants
and crocodiles. My nerves never received so severe a
shock at any show as they did at Curzon Hall in 1872,
when the first prize for wire-haired terriers was withheld
through " want of merit," though in the class was that
reliable and undoubtedly very high-class specimen Venture,
then shown by Mr. Gordon Sanderson, of Cottingham,
near Hull. Mr. J. Nisbet, a reputed judge of Dandie
Dinmonts, gave this foolish decision, which, however, did
not lower the dog one iota in the eyes of those who
knew his excellence. Mr. W. Carrick, of Carlisle, subse-
quently became his owner, and made him useful in the
foundation of a kennel of terriers which for excellence has
not yet been surpassed.

This Venture was as good a terrier of his variety as I
ever saw, without the slightest particle of bulldog appear-
ance, built on proper lines, with a coat above the average
in hardness and denseness, and a head in length and
quality of the best ; it was, indeed, ill luck that the in-
competence of the judge so dishonoured him by withhold-
ing the first prize and giving him but the second. Ah ! but
someone may say Venture was, perhaps, in bad condition

150 The Fox Terrier.

— this he was not, he was as bright and fresh then as at
any time of his career, which later on proved eminently
successful.

Between the years 1872 and 1880, comparatively few
wire-haired terriers were shown at Curzon Hall ; in the
former year there were but two entries, but later some
dozen or so appeared about the average. Most of the best
dogs during this period came from the neighbourhood
of Malton, in Yorkshire. Venture, already alluded to,
by Kendall's Old Tip, a well-known terrier with the
Sinnington hounds, had a successful career on the
show bench, and to my mind was certainly the best of
his variety at that time. In 1874, however, the stud book
only contained four other entries of wire-haired terriers,
and with one exception they were owned by Mr. Wootton.
The exception was Chaplin, a moderate dog that won third
prize at Manchester the previous year. Wasp, first prize
Manchester in 1873, has no sire or dam given, and Mr.
Gordon Sanderson appears to be the only man at that
day who kept the pedigrees of his terriers. The wonder
was that he did so, for his favourites did not bring much
money. For instance, Venture, already alluded to, had
been shown in a variety or mixed class, one in which
different descriptions of dogs compete against each other ;
and, entered at thirty shillings, he was so good as to
attract attention, and the man who gave seventy shillings
for him was thought to have more money than sense.
However, the purchaser, Mr. Holmes, of Beverley, was
right, and such a dog as Venture to-day would command
one hundred guineas at least.

A half-brother of the last-named dog was called Tip,
a white terrier with blue badger-pied marks on his body

Tip and Pickering Nailer. 151

and head, not an unusual colour then, but seldom seen
nowadays. At Liverpool Show in 1889 a dog named
Carlisle Young Venture similarly marked was benched,
and the late Mr. Donald Graham, who up to the time of
his death, which occurred in 1891, was one of our oldest
supporters and best judges of the variety, told me it was
directly descended from Tip. The latter, a peculiarly
heavily muscled dog, would weigh, I fancy, hard on to
2olb., he had such a strong back, and powerful bone.
His head was a little too short, and his coat, though hard,
was scarcely profuse enough. His small ears and de-
termined dare-devil look out of his little dark eyes, gave
an amount of character that is sadly deficient in the terrier
of to-day, who possesses an advantage only on the score of
neatness. After changing hands two or three times, Tip,
who had been born in 1872, went into Mr. S. E. Shirley's
kennels, from whence he visited the shows and did a great
deal of winning, but he was always to Venture in the wire
hairs what Tartar had been to Old Jock in the smooth
variety — the bull terrier of the party.

From the strains of these two dogs have sprung most
of the modern so-called wire-haired terriers, but, unfortu-
nately, so many crosses have been made with their smooth
cousins, that there is little chance of to-day finding the
old blood pure and uncontaminated.

It is said that Mr. Maxwell's Jester and Mr. Ward's
Pickering Nailer were, some four years or so ago, the only
wire-haired terriers of note which could be said to be of
really blue blood, and if this is so, and I believe the statement
to be correct, I hope their progeny will continue to be
allied to bitches containing no trace of the smooth strain for
at the very least four or five generations.

152 The Fox Terrier.

There appears a semblance of strangeness that the wire-
haired terriers from Devonshire have not been more used
for show bench purposes, and by all accounts some of
them were as good in looks as they had on many occasions
proved in deeds. Those owned by the Rev. John Russell
have acquired a world-wide reputation, yet we look in
vain for many remnants of the strain in the stud books,
and the county of broad acres has once again distanced
the southern one in the race for money. But, although
the generous clerical sportsman occasionally consented to
judge terriers at some of the local shows in the West, he
was not much of a believer in such exhibitions. So far as
dogs, and horses too, were concerned, with him it was
" handsome is that handsome does," and so long as it did
its work properly, one short leg and three long ones was
no eye-sore in any terrier owned by this popular west
country parson. How he came to obtain a strain of them
at all is admirably told in his Memoir by the author of
" Dartmoor Days."

" Russell had been in residence some fourteen terms,
and was now, with a view to his final examination, busily
employed in preparing for the schools and furbishing up
his old Tiverton armour, which he was not slow to discover
had grown somewhat rusty by habitual disuse and the easy
conditions of his college life. His degree being of para-
mount importance to him, the short period that now
remained for getting up his books was naturally accom-
panied by the inevitable doubt and anxiety which even the
ablest scholars are apt to feel at such a time.

" It was on a glorious afternoon towards the end of
May, when strolling round Magdalen Meadow with Horace
in hand, but Beckford in his head, he emerged from the

The Rev. John Russell's Terriers. 153

classic shade of Addison's Walk, crossed the Cherwell in a
punt, and passed over in the direction of Marston, hoping
to devote an hour or two to study in the quiet meads of
that hamlet near the charming slopes of Elsfield, or in the
deeper and more secluded haunts of Shotover Wood. But
before he had reached Marston, a milkman met him with a
terrier, such an animal as Russell had as yet only seen in
his dreams ; he halted as Actaeon might have done when
he caught sight of Diana disporting in her bath, but, unlike
that ill-fated hunter, he never budged from the spot till he
had won the prize and secured it for his own. She was
called Trump, and became the progenitress of that famous
race of terriers which from that day to the present have
been associated with Russell's name at home and abroad,
his able and keen coadjutors in the hunting field. An oil
painting of Trump is still in existence, and is, I believe,
possessed by H.R.H. the Prince of Wales, but, as a copy
executed by a fair and talented artist is now in my
possession, and was acknowledged by Russell to be not
only an admirable likeness of the original, but equally good
as a type of the race in general, I will try, however
imperfectly, to describe the portrait as it now lies before
me.

" In the first place, the colour is white, with just a patch
of dark tan over each eye and ear, while a similar dot not
larger than a penny piece marks the root of the tail. The
coat, which is thick, close, and a trifle wiry, is calculated to
protect the body from wet and cold, but has no affinity
with the long rough jacket of a Scotch terrier. The legs
are straight as arrows, the feet perfect, the loins and con-
formation of the whole frame indicative of hardihood and
endurance, while the size and height of the animal may be

154 The Fox Terrier.

compared to that of a full-grown vixen fox. ' I seldom or
ever see a real fox terrier nowadays/ said Russell
recently to a friend who was inspecting a dog show
containing a hundred and fifty entries under that denomi-
nation ; ' they have so intermingled strange blood with the
real article, that if he were not informed, it would puzzle
Professor Bell himself to discover what race the so-called
fox terrier belongs to.' '

A most ridiculous description of how the modern fox
terrier has been bred from the Italian greyhound, beagle,
and smooth-coated terrier or bulldog cross follows, and of
the blood of the latter Russell is said to have spoken in
high terms of praise, and his opinion is at any rate worth
having in this matter.

The author of the memoir continues : " The bulldog
blood thus infused imparts courage, it is true, to the so-
called terrier ; he is matchless at killing any number of rats
in a given time, will fight any dog of his weight in a
Westminster pit, draw a badger heavier than himself out
of his long box, and turn up a torn cat possessed even
of ten lives before poor pussy can utter a wail. But the
ferocity of that blood is in reality ill-suited, nay, is fatal, to
foxhunting purposes, for a terrier that goes to ground and
fastens on his fox, as one so bred will do, is far more likely
to spoil sport than promote it ; he goes in to kill, not to
bolt the object of his attack.

11 Besides, such animals, if more than one slip into a
fox earth, are too apt to forget the game and fight each
other, the death of one being occasionally the result
of such encounters. Hence, Russell may well have been
proud of the pure pedigree he had so long possessed,
and so carefully watched over. Tartars they were,

With Hounds. 155

and ever have been, beyond all doubt, going up to
their fox in any earth, facing him alternately with hard
words and harder nibs, until at length he is forced to
quit his stronghold and trust to the open for better
security.

" A fox thus bolted is rarely a pin the worse for the
skirmish ; he has had fair play given him, and instead of
being half strangled is fit to flee for his life. The hounds,
too, have their chance, and the field are not baulked of
their expected run.

" Russell's country was technically known as a hollow
one — that is, a country in which rocky fastnesses and earths
excavated by badgers abound in every direction. Conse-
quently, on every hunting day, a terrier or two invariably
accompanied him to the field, and certainly no general ever
depended with more trust on the services of an aide-de-
camp than he on those of his terriers. If in chase they
could not always live with the pack, still they stuck to the
line, and were sure to be there or thereabouts \vhen they
were wanted if the hounds threw up even for a minute.

" ' I like them to throw their tongue freely when face to
face with their enemy,' said Russell, one day, as he stood
listening to his famous dog Tip marking energetically in a
long drain some six feet below the surface ; ' you know
then where they are and what they're about.'

" Entered early, and only at fox, Russell's terriers were
as steady from riot as the staunchest of his hounds, so
that running together with them, and never passing over
an earth without drawing it, they gave a fox, whether
above ground or below it, but a poor chance of not being
found by one or the other. A squeak from a terrier was
the sure signal of a find, and there was not a hound in the

156 The Fox Terrier.

pack that would not fly to it as eagerly as to Russell's
horn or his own wild and marvellous scream. This
steadiness from riot was, of course, the result of early
education on one object, the fox ; nor did Russell consider
it needful to train his terriers by progressive steps like
others have done.

" A hundred anecdotes might be related of the wondrous
sagacity displayed in chase by Russell's terriers, but as
Tip's name has been already mentioned, one of his many
feats will suffice to show, not merely the large amount of
instinctive faculty, but the almost reasoning power with
which that dog was endowed.

" Russell himself told me the story, as some thirty years
ago, in going to cover, he drew my attention to a deep
combe not far from Lidcote Hall, the seat of Sir Hugh, and
the birthplace of poor Amy Robsart.

" ' Do you see/ he said, ' that dark patch of hanging
gorse hemmed in on the northern side by yonder knoll ?
Well, I've seen many a good run from that sheltered nook.
On one occasion, however, I had found a fox, wrhich, in
spite of a trimming scent, contrived to beat us by reaching
Gray's Holts, and going to ground before we could catch
him. Now those earths are fathomless, and interminable
as the Catacombs of St. Calixtus. They are so called Gray
from the old Devonshire name signifying a badger, a
number of those animals having long occupied that spot.
Consequently, such a fortress once gained is not easily to
be stormed even by Tip or the stoutest foe.

" ' Again we found that fox a second time, and now while
the hounds were in close pursuit and driving hard, to my
infinite surprise I saw Tip going off at full speed in quite a
different direction.

" Off to Gray's Holts.33 157

" ' " He's off, sir, to Gray's Holts. I know he is," shouted
Jack Yelland, the whip, as he called my attention to the
line of country the dog was then taking. That proved to
be the case. The fox had scarcely been ten minutes on
foot when the dog, either by instinct, or, as I believe, by
some power akin to reason, putting two and two together,
came to the conclusion that the real object of the fox was
to gain Gray's Holts, although the hounds were by no
means pointing in that direction. It was exactly as if the
dog had said to himself: " No, no, you're the same fox I
know that gave us the slip once before, but you're not
going to play us that trick again."

" ' Tip's deduction was accurately correct, for the foxr
after a turn or two in covert, put his nose directly for
Gray's Holts, hoping, beyond a doubt, to gain that city of
refuge once more, and then to whisk his brush in the -face
of his foes. But in this manoeuvre he was fairly out-
generalled by the dog's tactics. Tip had taken a short
cut, the chord of the arc, and, as the hounds raced by at
some distance off, there I saw him,' continued Russell,
' dancing about on Gray's Holts, throwing his tongue
frantically, and doing his utmost by noise and gesture to-
scare away the fox from approaching the earths. Perfect
success crowned the manoeuvre, the fox, not daring to face
the lion in his path, gave the spot a wide berth, while the
hounds, carrying a fine head, passed on to the heather, and
after a clinking run killed him on the open moor.'

" Tip scarcely ever missed a day for several seasons,
never appeared fatigued, though he occasionally went from
fifteen to twenty miles to covert. He died at last from
asthma in the Chorley earths, Russell having dug up to him
and the fox in half-an-hour, but to his master's great grief

158 The Fox Terrier.

the poor old dog was quite dead. Russell looked upon his
terriers as his fireside friends, the penates of his home ;
nor was he ever happier than when to some congenial
spirit he was recording the service they had done him in
bygone days ; and vast indeed was the store from which
he drew so many interesting facts connected with their
history. One peculiarity of Tip's, however, must not be
omitted : on a hunting morning no man on earth could
catch him after he had once seen Russell with his top
boots on.

" Nettle, too, a prodigy of courage and sagacity, would
follow no one but her master, and not even him except the
hounds were at his heels, knowing full well that her services
were only required in connection with the hunting field.
Then there was the one-eyed Nelson, a genius in his way,
and in point of valour a worthy namesake of England's
immortal hero. Russell had run a fox to ground near
Tetcott, the seat of Sir William Molesworth, but tiers of
passages one under the other rendered the earth so perfect
a honeycomb that the terriers were soon puzzled, nor did
the diggers know what line to follow, there was scent
everywhere. Nelson at length came out and at some
distance off commenced digging at the greensward
' Here's the fox,' said Russell, ' under Nelson's nose or
I'll forfeit my head.' The dog went in again, and, mark-
ing hard and sharp under that very spot, the men broke
ground and speedily came upon the fox. Russell then,
with his arm bared, drew him forth, and, setting him on
his legs, treated his field to as merry a ten minutes
over that wild country as man's heart could ever wish to
enjoy."

Terriers bearing credentials so bright and high ought

Survival of the Strain. 159

surely to have become more popular than is the case,
and, although occasionally one has heard of some show
dog with this Devonshire blood on his grandsire's or
grandam's side, the stud books do not quite reliably
prove such to be the case. A dog like either Tip or
Trump, if as good looking as described, would surely
have been fitted for the show bench, and if a bit ragged
in jacket and a trifle heavy at the shoulders such defects
would not have been quite fatal to success in the eyes
of the right sort of judges.

That this blood is valued highly at the present day I
have every reason to believe, as I hear that a few such
terriers at this moment remain in the West of England.
Mr. C. G. Archer, of Trelaske, Cornwall, still keeps a couple
or two, and puppies from this strain now and then find their
way to other parts of the country. A gentleman has com-
municated with me as the possessor of just such a dog
as Trump, described on another page. Still, he does not
find that strain as it were "nick" well with others, and
he was consequently anxious to obtain some other of the
Devonshire cross in order to maintain the breed in all
its excellence. Mr. Archer tells me that he has had his
terriers for over thirty years, first obtaining them from
his friend the Rev. J. Russell, and from his uncle, Mr.
Walter Radcliffe, of Warleigh Hall. The breed has been
kept pure and distinct, the dogs weigh i81b., the bitches
from I5lb. to i61b. ; they are wire-haired, and in colour,
white, with more or less black and tan markings, and
without the slightest appearance of bulldog strain. Their
owner gives them an excellent character when he says
they are very hardy, inasmuch as they will go to ground
anywhere, run all day with hounds, and for pluck and

160 The Fox Terrier.

endurance he has never seen their equal with either fox,
otter, or badger.

Perhaps here it may be well to follow the Rev. John
Russell's terriers by mentioning one or two of the similar
special strains which have not been bred for show purposes,
and which perhaps may be defective in some little matter
of straightness of fore legs, and not so long and narrow in
the head as the " show-bench man" desires. Such as have
been always bred for work and reared in kennels are
hardier than the usual show strain, and can do a long day's
hard work and walk happily home on its conclusion. The
Edwardes', near Haverfordwest, have the Sealy Ham terriers,
called after the family's country seat there. This is a
short-legged, long-bodied, wire-haired terrier, mostly white
in colour, with black or brown or brown and black mark-
ings ; sometimes, like the ordinary fox terrier, it is pure
white, and from i61b. to i81b. in weight. It is described to
be of unflinching courage and a hard biter ; such a dog
ought to be useful in improving the coat and general
character of the modern " wire-hair," which certainly
appears to require a fillip some way or other. The late
Captain Edwardes, like all his family, was a devoted
admirer of these little dogs, and was usually accompanied
by a couple or so, even to the extent of taking them on
to the platform with him at public meetings. He claimed
for them great antiquity, as having been in their family a
hundred years or more, and urged their ability to kill even a
full-grown otter single-handed. The latter is what no terrier
ever could do or will be able to do, although statements of
such a thing having taken place repeatedly reach me, but
proof is never forthcoming, and on inquiry I have invariably
found that sticks and stones, iron-caulkered boots, and

Mr. Cowley's Terriers. 161

weapons of various kinds have done more to take the life
of the poor otter than the bites of the animal for whom
such a victory has been claimed. The Sealy Ham terrier
is comparatively unknown out of that part of the Principality
in which it is bred ; it seldom appears on the show bench,
although about four years ago, in a class for " working
terriers " Captain Edwardes exhibited one called Tip at
Haverfordwest. Of this dog it was stated in the catalogue
that its pedigree was known for a hundred years, and that
it was warranted to go to ground to fox, badger, and
otter.

An excellent strain of wire-haired terriers is carefully
bred by Mr. J. H. B. Cowley, of Callipers, near King's
Langley. Here, again, is a short-legged, long-bodied, hard-
coated dog. I know of my own experience that there
is no better strain for work, and Mr. Cowley is to be
congratulated and thanked for having established a variety
which, even more than the Sealy Ham terrier, is likely to
be used for crossing the "show dog" with advantage to
the latter. Mr. Cowley's dogs are bred for doing the
work for which the terrier was originally brought into the
world. It is a treat to see them either making their way
to the badger or fox, or in the more plebeian yet equally
enjoyable diversion of rat-hunting. Their owner follows
the latter as one of the " fine arts." He has all sorts of
appliances in the form of nets, rods, &c., with which to
catch the rats when the terriers cannot reach them, and
when they have been driven about by the ferrets. Mr.
Cowley can set half a dozen of his dogs to watch half a
dozen different holes, some within the buildings, some out-
side. A rat scuttles about, bolts, and is quickly snapped
up by the terrier watching for him ; but another terrier

M

162 The Fox Terrier.

only a few feet away takes no heed of this, but watches
his own hole and patiently awaits the appearance of his
rodent. From the work I saw not long ago, I came to the
conclusion that, in addition to being " game," these short-
legged, smart little wire-hairs were exceedingly sagacious
and easily kept under command — the latter about as
valuable a commodity as the former.

Mr. Cowley, who usually keeps from four to six couples
of fully-grown terriers in his kennels, says some of them
are so game when underground that they receive a
greater amount of punishment from a wild badger than
would a less hard-fighting dog. Mr. Cowley obtained his
first dog from Patrick, stud groom to the Old Surrey Fox-
hounds, a wire-haired bitch which showed a little of the
bulldog about her face and eyes. She was bred to a son
of the whilom smooth-coated notability Tyrant ; both were
very game. Then puppies from this cross were put to a
cross-bred bitch called Sting, which came out of Cornwall ;
she was particularly useful in every way, and directly
from her are descended most of the present inmates of the
kennels at Callipers. From time to time fresh blood has,
however, been introduced from the hardiest strains of the
modern show dog, pains always being taken to select the
short-legged, low-set terriers, which are considered by Mr.
Cowley to be the best for his purpose, for work under-
ground, where he believes long legs are actually in the
way. At any rate, this is his opinion. I, however, consider
that in a mountainous district where the earths are exten-
sive and amongst the rocks, a rather long-legged dog is
better than a short-legged one, as the former can scramble
over the boulders better than the latter, and is generally
more active. However, Mr. Cowley proceeds to say that

Crooked Legs. 103

in selecting his puppies he prefers the shorter-legged ones,
which, if they enter all right, are kept and crossed as
occasion may require. No dog is, however, used unless
his credentials as a worker are of the best, and his care in
this has no doubt been the leading cause for the success
of his strain.

" The points I try to breed for," continues Mr. Cowley,
" are especially a long, powerful head, small drop ears,
and weather-resisting jackets ; if a little long in the back,
they are none the worse for work underground, where they
can turn and twist about better than a very short-coupled
dog. Nearly all animals that live much underground are
made thus, long in the body compared to the length of the
legs, such as moles, weasels, polecats, badgers, &c.

" I try to breed my terriers as straight in the legs as I can,
but, like most short-legged members of the canine race —
dachshunds, Basset hounds, Dandie Dinmonts, Scottish
terriers, and some spaniels, to wit — it is difficult to get them
perfectly straight. I would not draft an otherwise good
dog because he turns his toes out. As for weight, I like
i61b. for dogs, and i4ilb. for bitches. At these weights
they can possess bone enough and have their ribs suffi-
ciently well sprung, and need not possess such exaggerated
narrow fronts which a big dog must have if he is to get
into an ordinary-sized earth — suffering, consequently, from
insufficient room for play of lungs and heart. For all work
that a terrier is called upon to do, I think a i61b. dog is the
best."

So say I, and it is because there was, and is, a tendency
to get our fox terriers, both rough and smooth, too big, that
recourse has been had to breeding them with narrow, un-
natural fronts, giving a stiltiness and stiffness to their

M 2

164 The Fox Terrier.

possessors which are most objectionable features in a
terrier. Moreover, the shoulders are thus made to appear
too upright.

There are doubtless other strains of working terriers in
addition to such as I have already named, but none of
them, so far as I am aware, have sufficient identity and
character of their own to merit special recognition, and,
besides, most of these local varieties are, as a rule, brown,
or black, or dark in colour, which is very much against
them in the field of sport. Scottish terriers, Welsh terriers
— indeed, any kind of terrier not white — used with a pack,
is liable to be killed, hounds in their eagerness and excite-
ment too often taking their willing little assistant for the
fox or otter and acting accordingly. Many a good terrier has
so met an untimely end, whilst had he been white no such
fatality would have befallen him. And similar remarks
apply to dark-coloured terriers when used with the gun in
covert, for a careless shooter is only too apt to take Scottie,
or Taffy, or Paddy for what he is not, and give the poor
-dog a charge of the shot which was intended for the hare
or rabbit.

Remarks made earlier with regard to the character of
the smooth apply equally to the wire-haired terriers ; and
where the latter are not able to bolt a fox or otter, the
reason is because they have never been educated so to do.
Here is Mr. W. Carrick's prize dog, Carlisle Tack ; look at
him, and does there appear to be any reason to doubt his
gameness ? A terrier every inch, built on racing lines
almost, without any lumber about him, and with powerful
jaws ; the artist having flattered him in the latter respect
as he has done in coat. His weight is iylb., he is all white
in colour, was born May 5th, 1884, and has won many

Jester. 165

prizes (including the fifty guinea challenge cup offered by
the Fox Terrier Club), at all the leading shows. Tack is
generally considered to be almost the best of his variety
ever exhibited. His chief defect lies in a scantiness of
coat on his sides and ribs, and down his legs, but what
there is, is of good, hard quality. Why the jacket is thin
can easily be seen, for his sire Trick had for his dam Patch,
a smooth-coated bitch by Buffet out of Milly, who was like-
wise a smooth-coated bitch descended from the Trimmer
family. This Patch must not be confounded with other
terriers of that name, as has been the case, for she was
owned by Mr. A. Maxwell, and was not the bitch of Mr.
Proctor's, that came from an adjoining district in Durham.
Tack's mother was the wire-haired bitch Lill Foiler, whose
dam was said to be a grand-daughter of the Rev. J. Russell's
Fuss, but whether this was the case is doubtful. Lill Foiler,
too, had " smooth blood " in her veins, and possibly to
the late Jester, sire of Trick, a pure terrier of the old
stamp, Tack owes his quality. Indeed, Jester has been
of such service in promoting the excellence of at least one
side of the present, that some description of him may be
given. Tack, at the time of writing (at the close of 1894),
is still in good health and form, evidently having taken a
fresh lease of life after his retirement from the show bench
half-a-dozen years or so ago, and a son or two of his were
shown at Derby in November, 1894.

Jester, by Pincher out of Fan, born in September, 1877,
was bred by Mr. S. Rawlinson, Newton Morrell, near
Darlington. There were three in the litter, all dogs, two
died in puppyhood, and his sire being sold, the alliance
between him and Fan was not repeated. Jester's dam
came from Mr. M. Dodds, Stockton-on-Tees, son of an

166 The Fox Terrier.

ex-member of Parliament for that borough, and not to
be confounded with Jack Dodds, from whom the last
owner of Jester, Mr. A. Maxwell, Croft, purchased his
favourite. Jack Dodds is brother to George Dodds, for
many years huntsman to the Hurworth, and who, in his
now advancing years, has charge of Mr. T. Wilkinson's
otter hounds at Neasham. It is very curious that with
such a dog, and one that has produced such stock, the
pedigree cannot be traced any further than given here.
His sire Pincher was a prize winner on many occasions,
and, between 1869-71, was, with Mr. Donald Graham's
Venom, considered the best specimen of the day.

Jester, up to his twelfth year, was as strong on his feet
as ever, and hardly possessed a broken or cankered tooth
in his head. His constitution thus must have been
thoroughly sound. He was not shown until five years
old, when he won first prize at Knightsbridge, on the
occasion of the Fox Terrier Club's Show being held
there, and later he scored further successes, never being
shown without some card of honour. Weighing i81b.,
Jester had a coat like pin wire, plenty of it down his
sides and legs, even to his feet, which are thickly padded
and close ; he excels, too, in the colour of his eyes, and
the ears are small and well carried. He died when he
was over fourteen years old, and has a memorial mound
erected to his memory at Croft.

Prior to the introduction of the Jester blood, and so
early as 1876, a strain was developing, which came from
a terrier called Broom, shown by Mr. Henry Lacey, of
Manchester, in 1875 and later, and although this was a
dog I never liked, and looked a commoner (he had no
pedigree whatever, and could not even boast of being

Notable Wire- Hairs. 167

sprung from an eminent North Yorkshire strain like
Jester could), his influence remains to this day, and many
of his descendants have proved as good terriers as man
could desire, i.e., so far as looks are concerned.

A short resume of the connecting links between the
best wire-haired terriers from that time until the present,
may be interesting, and from Broom to Mr. G. F.
Richardson's Bramble, who took rank as one of the best
of her variety, is not a great leap. Her size was her
one fault, she being a well-made strongly-backed bitch,
scaling well on to 2olb. weight. She was a granddaughter
of Shirley's Tip, and following her may be mentioned
Young Broom, who, though by no means a good one to
look at, has likewise left his mark in another direction,
by being the sire of Mr. Colmore's (Burton-on-Trent)
Turk. Then there pops in Jack Terry's (Nottingham)
Pincher, and this animal, though moderate in appearance,
through Gyp became the grandsire of Burton Wild Briar.
Mr. Lindsay Hogg's (Middlesex) Topper, a successful
terrier on the bench, is a common enough name in modern
pedigrees, as is that of his sire Sir W. Johnstone's Topper,
the latter through Mr. Richardson's Splinter. The year
after Mr. Hogg's dog had made his debut, Birch and
Thorn appeared, and some breeders consider that the
fine terrier-like expression, lovely eyes, and general
quality possessed by Brittle (a dog now in America, but
when the property of Mr. Reginald F. Mayhew in this
country most successful on the bench) are inherited from
this Thorn (who may be better known as Spike), and which
in turn Brittle has so often transferred to his progeny.

With the exception of Cleveland Laddie (one of the
fine charactered Yorkshire strains). Badger and Brush, few

-168 The Fox Terrier.

good terriers were produced for some time, until possibly
1880, when Balance, Oakleigh Topper, Teazle, Toiler,
Victor, Bundle, Nellie II., and Nellie III. (important as
regards Vora's pedigree), and Balance were all introduced
to the show bench. Such an array of wire-haired terriers
had not previously been seen ; and Teazle was, perhaps,
all round, as good a dog as has been produced since, but
he was too big. From this period the wire-haired terrier
became able to compete in quality, if not in quantity, with
his more elegantly coated cousins, but not until some,
years later did the time arrive when, at York Terrier
Show in 1888, the judges were able to place a team of
the wire-haired variety over one of smooths for uniformity
of type, excellence, and quality, and those who favoured
the former were jubilant at the victory. Such competitions
were not long continued, and now there is a rule of the
Fox Terrier Club which discourages the wire-haired and
smooth fox terriers being pitted against each other.

Amongst more modern celebrities must be mentioned
that excellent dog Briggs, once owned by Mr. F. Wadding-
ton, Bishop Auckland, which, after becoming the champion
of the day, was sold to the present Lord Lonsdale, and
ultimately, on account of his disputed pedigree, proved
the hero of one of the most celebrated canine law cases of
our time. No one needed a better-looking dog than Briggs,
for, handsome and workmanlike, he possessed the once
orthodox richly coloured black and tan head and a white
body ; was game, had plenty of coat of the best texture,
and his constitution was robust and good. His breeding
and pedigree are unknown to me, nor do the Kennel
Club Stud Books throw any light upon the subject.

Mr. F. H. Field's (later Lord Lonsdale's) Miss Miggs

Eskdale Tzar. 169

has been said to be, by some good judges, the best of all
the wire-haired fox terriers of any time, and indeed there
was little fault to find with her even if she were ig\b.
weight, which her traducers said was the case. Possibly
she could gallop faster than Briggs, for she was leggier
and not so deep in the chest, and her less gaudy mark-
ings lent to her a gamer and hardier appearance than
the " great assize trial " dog possessed. Miss Miggs
had a sister, too, called Mischief, an earlier litter, almost
as good as herself; and Mr. Carrick's Vora, with her
well-shaped head and perfection in character, must not
be forgotten. This was a bitch not quite so straight on
her fore legs as she might be, but one of the workmanlike
sort ; so was that charming little dog Mr. J. W. Corner's
Eskdale Tzar, a special favourite of mine, and, though not
more than i5lb. weight, he looked able to do anything that
could be required of him, and his beautifully dark eyes,
bright, determined look out, hard coat and equality of build
and form made him a difficult dog to beat anywhere.

About this period I, from time to time, judged several
excellent classes of wire-haired terriers at Darlington and
other shows in the north, and was much struck with the
extraordinary character some of the, so-called, commoner
bred dogs possessed. They might be a little wide in front,
or wrong a little one way or another, still there wras no
getting over the fact that they were terriers. Occasionally
it became somewhat difficult to award the prizes, for a wide
chest or one crooked leg, a sprung toe, lightish bone,
softish coat, biggish ears, might be possessed in turn by
some of the best animals. Character with me always had
its effect, and a dog that looks game and determined is
pretty well sure to be so. Master Johnson, of Croft,

170 The Fox Terrier.

showed a terrier 2olb. weight or more, which, but for his
large size, would have been the best of his day. A softish
coated dog, Mr. M. Harrison's Ajax, which I gave some
prizes to, I again met, this time away in Dorsetshire, at
the Sherbourne Hound Show in 1885, where, exhibited
under the name of Lynx by Moss, Lord Portman's hunts-
man, he took the first prize for terriers that had run with
hounds. On inquiry I found he was good at his work,
and in every way a credit to the north-country strain
from which he sprang. He was always about the place
when reynard required shifting from his stronghold, and
could drive him with but little trouble.

North Star (afterwards Sam Weller), another good one,
but a bad shower and requiring trimming, I should say,
did as well in the south as in the north, being for a
year or two often in the prize lists. This dog had an
abundance of coat, but such celebrities as Timothy Foiler
formed one of a galaxy not so well off in this respect.
Trick, another of Mr. Carrick's, was a good sort of dog,
though a little common in appearance, and showing, to
one with even half an eye to character, that he was
a little bit of the " Creole" as crossed between the two
varieties.

Although I have already mentioned a number of tip-top
terriers from the border city, another dog equal to any
was awaiting us at the Kennel Club's Show, which took
place in February, 1889, at the Alexandra Palace. This
was a white puppy called Carlisle Tyro, just about the right
size for his age, iylb. in weight, and allowed to be the
best of his kind seen, at any rate of late years, by Tack
(whose portrait is given elsewhere) from Vice. Tyro was
pupped on February 2Qth, 1888, thus being well on to

A First Appearance. 171

twelve months old when he first appeared on the show
bench. This initial success was unprecedented, for, not
only did he win first prize in the puppy class, with that
right good judge Mr. Harding Cox officiating, but also
secured leading honours in the open dog class, in the one
for novices, and the produce stakes too, which brought in
altogether iy/., not a bad stroke of business by any means
for a youngster. In addition to these money prizes Tyro
also beat all other wire-haired for the Fifty Guinea
Challenge Cup and the extra Twenty-five Pound Cup
for the best of all the fox terriers, rough and smooth, in
the aforesaid produce stakes. This young dog's winnings
were considerably over go!. Tyro takes after his sire in
beauty and keenness of expression, but is a little stronger
in jaw, possesses smaller ears, and excels him in quantity
of coat ; in the latter lies Tack's greatest fault. Tyro's
shoulders and loins, too, are powerful, his stern is neatly
set on, his stifles are well turned, and his fore legs and
feet are very good, though he at times stands not quite
straight on them ; which fault, if it be one at all, prevents
his having that wooden and stiff appearance nearly
all the absolutely straight-legged terriers possess. I should
like Tyro a little better were the pads of his feet thicker,
and had he more hair down his legs. Still, the latter
cannot be expected in a terrier bred as he is with smooth-
coated strains in the parentage of both his sire and dam.
The wonder is that his coat is as perfect as it is.

Tyro's successful show bench career (though he still
survives as a good workman and pleasant companion) was
brought to an untimely and unexpected termination in the
summerof the same year that had introduced him tothepublic.
Exhibited at the Kennel Club's Show held at Olympia in

172 The Fox Terrier.

July, he was awarded the Challenge Cup and other prizes by
the judge, Mr. A. Maxwell — himself a well-known popular
and highly-successful breeder of wire-haired terriers. On
the day following the one on which the prizes had been
announced, Mr. Maxwell made a further examination of
Tyro, with the result that he formally protested against the
dog, on the grounds that the ears had been tampered writh
for the purpose of making them hang or drop properly.
The matter came before the committee of the Kennel
Club in due course, the protest was sustained, the dog
disqualified, and all his honours were taken from him. Nor
did an appeal and a subsequent re-opening of the matter
four months later result in any further light being thrown
on the proceedings. There were marks on the dog's ears,
but it was stated they arose from scratches made by pig
iron, amongst which the puppy had been reared at Barrow-
in-Furness. Mr. Carrick was so much aggrieved at the
decision of the Kennel Club in the matter that he im-
mediately announced his intention of nisver exhibiting his
terriers again, a decision by which he still abides.

With the disqualification of Tyro, Mr. C. W. Wharton's
Bushey Broom was awarded the Challenge Cup. This wras
a very good terrier indeed, and a much improved one since
he first made his appearance on the show bench as Hermit.
Then his nose had more than an inclination to be flesh-
coloured, but it gradually darkened with increasing age,
and at the time he took the Challenge Cup there was no
fault to find with him in this particular, and little in any
other. An all white dog, built very much on the lines of
Carlisle Tack, weighing lylb., he is only beaten by the
Carlisle dogs in length of head. Bushey Broom's coat is
hard, and fairly dense ; his neck, shoulders, and front are

Jack St. Lcger. 173

quite good, so are his feet and ears. Moreover, his expres-
sion is keen and terrier-like, and whenever Mr. Wharton's
dog was in the class there was always a struggle as to
whether he or an opponent secured the chief trophy.
Bushey Broom was not quite two years old when he won
this challenge cup. Mr. W. R. Mann had bred him, Mr.
Wharton purchased him for 2$l. ; and he was very cheap
at the money, for his pedigree is good, his sire being
Oakleigh Hornet, by Foiler Broad — Cleveland Terra, a
granddaughter of Topper's, whilst his dam Whinblossom
was by Teazle — Nettle. Later, Bushey Broom was sold to
Mr. H. L. Hopkins for £150, and continued his public career
until by accident he lost one of his legs.

At the Crystal Palace Company's first show, held in
October, 1889, Mr. Harry Jones introduced a wire-haired
puppy, bearing the somewhat odd name of Jack St. Leger,
by Knavesmire Jest — Jeannie Deans, by Raffle — Deacon
Diamond: rather an odd pedigree for the hard-coated,
game-looking puppy which Jack St. Leger is. A terrier of
an old-fashioned stamp, short-legged and long-bodied, he
excels in the length of his head and strength of his jaw-
But all round he is an extra-special sort of terrier, strong
in bone, powerful in loin, and looking all over a thorough
worker. Still, I believe that his shorter legs and longer
body than those possessed by the whilom crack Tack
should always place him below that excellent representative.
The high opinion expressed of Jack St. Leger was amply
maintained when he won three first prizes and the cup at
the National Exhibition at Birmingham in December, 1891,
he having in the meantime become the property of Mr.
A. E. Clear, of Maldon, Essex. Jack has continued his
victorious career up to the time this is being written, and

174 The Fox Terrier.

proved himself once more the Birmingham champion by
taking chief honours there in 1894.

Pickering Nailer, of considerable merit in many respects,
like most of those bred in the district impjied by his name,
was considered too big — I did not think him 2olb. weight —
to please fashionable and fastidious modern taste, but he
possessed a great recommendation, to the like of which no
other modern representative lays claim. He was said to
contain not even the most remote cross of the smooth
variety, which may or may not be correct. Those who
know his breed do not doubt the truth of this, but for aught
we know Old Jester can lay a similar claim, for we are not
aware that he contained any of the smooth-coated strains.
Nailer was sire of several more than fair animals, Mr.
Maxwell's Miss Taylor being the best of them. Brittle
(for long resident in the United States), already mentioned
as one of our leading wire-hairs, born in the midlands, had
one of the hardest of coats, and no dog of his day excelled
him in head, ears, and correctness of size. A little wide-
ness at the shoulders and fore legs and shortness in neck I
may say are about his only defects. Cavendish, Jack Frost,
Barton Marvel, Jack's Yarn, Liffey, Dr. Beatty's Foiler,
Tees Nap, Tees Topper, Lord Edward, Dirleton Nettle,
Master Broom, deserve special mention, but before all will
come the acknowledged champion bitch of her day, Mr. Sut-
cliffe's Quantock Nettle. Since her debut at the Kennel Club
Show as a puppy in 1887, where she was exhibited by her
breeder, Mr. H. A. W. Aylesbury, Bishop's Lydeard, up to
her retirement three or four years later, she was scarcely
ever beaten by one of her own sex, and, with the exception
of the rather large size of her ears, little fault could be
found with her. Built much on the lines of Briggs, though

A Lucky Dog. 175

on shorter limbs and longer in body, her chest was unusually
deep, she stood on straight legs, and was unusually powerful
for an animal of her size. She was a daughter of Trick's
from Lady Hazel, by Filbert — Lady Relish, by Raby Pickle.

An oddly-named terrier was the above-named Filbert,
previously known as Pulborough Jumbo, a black-headed,
determined-looking, rather leggy dog, who, from being
entered in a catalogue at something like y/., came to be
sold for ioo/. He did considerable winning in his day
(about 1886-7), and a person, who told me he was his
breeder, related some strange stories as to its career. Jumbo
was a cross-bred dog, said the man, and should have been
drowned as a puppy ; somehow he escaped that fate as he
did a second time when the cord was around his neck. Mr.
Nutt got hold of him, showed him successfully, and then
sold him as stated. Some dogs, like some human beings,
have their ups and downs in this life, but Jumbo was a
commoner in appearance, though a game-looking terrier,
and I need scarcely say that his pedigree is not to be found
in the stud book.

I am afraid that within the past four years the wire-
haired fox terrier has not been improving, and certainly
no dog or bitch of any unusual excellence, or, to my
mind, so good as some of a few years previous, has
appeared. This is doubtless due to the continued crossing
of the old hard-coated strain with the more modern smooth
terrier. Besides, there has, somehow or other, been
brought about an undue development of coat, soft and
fluffy, which required artificial treatment to make it at all
presentable. Indeed it has been said to be almost one of
the " fine arts " of dog showing to be able to place a
modern wire-haired fox terrier in proper fashion before the

176 The Fox Terrier.

judge. Two or three very glaring cases of trimming, by
plucking, singeing, or cutting, were pointed out to me at the
autumn show of the Kennel Club in 1894. But what seems
to be everybody's business turns out to be nobody's, and
the result is that no protests are made against the awards
of prizes to dogs so trimmed, and so things go from bad
to worse. And not always the most faulty are made an
example of, for at the Fox Terrier Club's Show at Derby
five terriers belonging to a well-known exhibitor were
disqualified at the instigation of the judge, Mr. J. J. Pirn,
for having their coats artificially " crispened " by the use
of magnesia. This disqualification caused a considerable
sensation at the time.

Perhaps this practice of trimming is the reason why so
many of the older exhibitors have discontinued their
connection with the variety — Mr. Percy Reid, Mr. Lindsay
Hogg, Mr. S. E. Shirley, Mr. Harding Cox, Mr. W. Carrick,
Mr. Colmore, and Mr. F. H. Field, to wit. Nor have their
places yet been occupied, though Sir Humphrey de
Trafford and Mr. A. E. Clear have large kennels of " wire-
hairs " at the present time, and several good specimens. Mr.
C. W. Wharton keeps showing some more than fair dogs, and
so do Mr. S. Hill (Sheffield), Mr. C. Bartle (Wellingboro'),,
Messrs. Castle and Shannon, Mr. J. Izod, Mr. Thurnall,
near Kettering, and Mr. A. Damarell, in Devonshire. From
Beverley Mr. E. Welburn at times brings out dogs of
unusual excellence — Prompter and Roper's Nutcrack, to
wit. The former, judging from results, was certainly the
dog of his year, for he won the Fox Terrier Club's challenge
cup on more than one occasion, and until 1894, when he
courted defeat by being shown in poor condition and coat,
was always a hard nut to crack. He did, perhaps, best

A Big Claim. 177

in 1892, when he won at Birmingham, the Crystal Palace,
and elsewhere.

The sensational wire-haired terrier of 1894 was un~
doubtedly the young dog Roper's Nutcrack, which Mr. E.
Welburn introduced at Manchester, where, after winning
all before him under Mr. J. A. Doyle, was claimed by
Sir Humphrey de Trafford at the catalogued price of I5O/.
This dog was bred at Penrith, but his blood is not
fashionable, for which the terrier is not a bit the worse.
He is rather heavily-built, and, to my mind, does not
possess the character shown by such dogs as Tack, Jack
St. Leger, and others already alluded to. Something of
the type of the latter is a young bitch Mr. Luke Turner
showed at the Kennel Club's Show in October of the same
year in which Nutcrack came into prominence. This was
a tan-marked terrier called Charnwood Marion, who made
a most successful debut, and, although not in the best
of form for the bench, pretty easily disposed of most of
her formidable opponents. How good she is will be easily
seen from her portrait on a preceding page.

But I am perhaps rather anticipating, for there are other
11 cracks " to note which made an earlier opening — Mr.
dear's Cribbage, who went to America, and his Jigger, to
wit, both of the highest class. Then Cauldwell Nailer has
done quite his full share of winning — a dog which was pur-
chased for about 2O/. by Mr. Thurnall, and afterwards went
to Mr. Harding Cox for about six times that sum. He
was but second class. Mr. A. Mutter, of Wandsworth, as
soon as Lord Edward had retired, brought out another
extra good terrier in the form of his pugilistically-named
Tipton Slasher. This is one of the stamp of terriers after
my own heart, and I do not think any the worse of him for

N

178 The Fox Terrier.

the brindled mark he has on his head or face. At the last
Guildford Show it was hard lines that he was not awarded
the special for the best sporting dog in the show, and
for the best fox terrier, for he had won in a very good
class, and is, in my humble opinion, a much better terrier
than the smooth bitch of Mr. Gillett's which was placed
over him.

Mr. F. Baguley, of Wyck Hill, Gloucester, sometimes
brings to the shows wire-haired terriers of character and
possessing the right type, his Daylesford Brush being parti-
cularly noteworthy. Mr. Izod's Valuer and Velocity have
likewise made names for themselves, and so have Mr. S. A.
Moore's Rustic Marvel, Mr. T. Watson's Pollok Tina,
Mr. Mutter's Surrey Janet (now in Canada) ; more than
useful is the puppy of Mr. Thurnall's called Cauldwell
Scorcher; and worthy of note are Mr. BeacalPs Sunfield
Frost, Mr. Bartle's Scorcher, Sir H. De Trafford's Barton
Witch, and Mr. Corner's Rydale Pattern, who went to
America for about 2O/., the cheapest terrier which was
ever imported, and a marked contrast to Surrey Janet,
who realised more than five times that sum. Mr. T.
Pearse's Wellingboro' Teaser, bred by Mr. Bartle, is
also a good dog at the time I write, and so is his Briar
Clinker.

One of the terriers which Mr. E. Welburn introduced
was Prompter, which, after winning at most of the lead-
ing shows and changing hands several times, went into
the kennels of Mrs. Butcher; but his race was soon run,
and he was not in the prize list at all at the latest show of the
Fox Terrier Club in 1894. Here there was such a collec-
tion of wire-haired terriers as had not been seen for
many years ; several excellent young dogs made their

Good Prices. 179

debut, and special attention was called to the represen-
tatives from the kennels of Mr. C. Bartle, of Wellingboro',
and of Mr. S. Hill, of Sheffield. The first-named has
for some years shown an excellent type of terrier, which,
like others of their race, contain some cross with the
smooth variety. Still, in appearance they do not indi-
cate such a strain, having hard, close coats, and with a
fair amount of wire hair on their legs. Some of Mr.
Bartle's terriers have been rather light in bone, but this
cannot be said of his puppy Wellingboro' Judy, who
came out at the show in question. She won pretty well
all before her, and made a keen struggle with Roper's
Nutcrack for the 5o-guinea challenge cup. It is possi-
ble that Judy is one of the half-dozen best wire-haired
terrier bitches we have seen, and in proof of this it
may be stated that after the show she was purchased by
Mr. J. H. Kelly for 1257. Mr. S. Hill has, at present,
perhaps as strong a kennel of " wire-hairs" as any man,
and for the most part its inmates are of his own breeding,
his Meersbrook Bristles, Lordship, Magpie, and Serene-
ness being two couples of terriers which as bred by the
exhibitor have, we fancy, not previously been excelled.
Unfortunately, most of these terriers were disqualified
under circumstances alluded to earlier on.

On previous pages I have given the particulars as to the
formation of certain kennels of smooth-coated fox terriers,
and perhaps some little information as to what has been
done with the wire-haired variety may not be without
interest. Mr. Enoch Welburn has already been mentioned
as an admirer of the wire-haired fox terrier, and as the
owner of some of our very best specimens in late years the
following particulars of two or three of them will go to

N 2

180 The Fox Terrier.

prove that no little amount of skill and judgment are
required to enable a man to make a good selection. Take
the dog Prompter, for instance, bred by Mr. W. Beec.roft, of
Malton. Mr. Welburn noticed him at Pickering in 1890,
where he did not get into the money, owing, doubtless, to
bad condition. The dog was then called Little Joe. Mr.
Welburn saw good in him, and three days later became his
owner for I2/. At Knaresborough a month later Mr.
Maxwell awarded him the honours as the best fox terrier in
the show, and, after other successes, his owner had the
extraordinary offer of " a carriage and pair of horses " for
the dog, which was refused. A short time before, Mr.
Welburn had purchased from Mr. C. W. Wharton his
champion Bushey Broom for I5O/. on behalf of Mr. H. L,
Hopkins, who had also heard a favourable account of
Prompter. Finally Mr. Hopkins gave Bushey Broom and
yo/. for the " new dog," who thus in reality was sold for
the equivalent of 22O/., which is doubtless the most money
ever paid for a terrier of this variety.

Mr. Welburn next purchased two brothers called Propeller
and Promoter, with which he won many prizes, the former
at Gloucester, under Mr. Vicary, being placed over Mr.
Toomers Russley Toff, a dog which later as D'Orsay
attained such celebrity, and about whom I have already
written. The owner of the Beverley Fox Terrier Kennels
did not find any more similar plums until the commencement
of 1893, when at Derby he came across Roper's Nutcrack
in such bad condition that Mr. Pirn failed to give him any
prize at all. However, Mr. Welburn purchased the dog for
2O/. from Mr. Holmes, of Sunderland, got it into condition,
and entered it successfully under Mr. James Taylor at St.
Helens, then at Manchester under Mr. Doyle, both in 1894.

Mr. Welburn's Kennel. 181

At the latter show Nutcrack attracted considerable attention,
and several good offers were made for him, one especially
by Mr. Rufus Mitchell. Then Sir Humphrey de Trafford
stepped in and claimed Nutcrack at his catalogue price
as already stated. Since that time the dog has done a
great deal of winning, and attained his zenith by secur-
ing the 5o/. challenge cup at the Derby Fox Terrier Show
last year, though later at Birmingham he was defeated by
Jack St. Leger.

Most of these terriers of Mr. Welburn's, all of them in
fact, like pretty wrell all other leading wire-hairs of the
present day, have a considerable dash of "smooth-coated
blood" in them. Bred by Mr. Warwick, of Penrith, Roper's
Nutcrack is by Ashton Trumpeter, by Ashton Trumps, by
Pitcher ; his dam is without pedigree, but she came from
Newcastle-on-Tyne. Prompter's dam Moss was a good
little bitch, very much after the stamp of the late Jack
Frost, but even more cobbily built, and his sire Little Swell
was by Halifax Swell, by Mr. Luke Turner's Spice.

So much for the wire-haired fox terrier as he is found in
this country A.D. 1895, and the best of the bench winners
have been or are still owned by Mr. W. Carrick (brother
to the respected master of the Carlisle Otter Hounds),
the late Mr. Donald Graham, Mr. Harding Cox, Lord
Lonsdale, Mr. Lindsay Hogg, Mr. R. F. Mayhew (now
in America), Mr. A. Maxwell, Mr. J. W. Corner, Sir
Humphrey de Trafford, Mr. A. Damarell, Mr. S. E. Shirley,
Mr. Percy Reid, Mr. J. G. Pirn, Mr. A. E. Clear, Mr. C. W.
WTharton, Mr. Mark Wood, Mr. F. H. Field, Mr. F. W.
Fellowes, Mr. Jack Terry, Mr. H. A. W. Aylesbury, Mr. M.
Hazlerigg, Mr. F. H. Colmore, Mr. M. Rickaby, Mr. T.
Wootton, Messrs. Pease, Mr. S. Castle, Mr. S. Hill, Mr.

182 The Fox Terrier.

W. Thurnall, Mr. A. Mutter, Mr. W. Beeby, Mr. C. Murray.,
Mr. G. Raper, and others.

I think this chapter contains abundant proof of the
comparative modern manufacture of the wire-haired fox
terrier as he is to be seen now. With the few exceptions
named, even the purest bred specimens contain a large
proportion of the smooth-coated strains, and as an example
may be adduced Brittle, already named, who on the side
of his dam Vamp is closely allied to the well-known
smooth champion Result; for Racket II. (brother to
Roysterer), the sire of Vamp, Brittle's dam, wras by
Brockenhurst Rally — Jess.

Whether the general cross between smooth and wire-
haired fox terriers has had altogether the desired effect
of improvement is a matter of opinion ; for myself, I have
a leaning to the old dogs, pure and unadulterated, whose
coats were hard and crisp, required no pulling and
singeing, and whose ears were small and well carried,
without the interposition of artificial means.

The Fox Terrier Club has adopted a standard for this
variety (as it has for the smooth-coated one), which is as
follows : —

" This variety of the breed should resemble the smooth
sort in every respect except the coat, which should be
broken. The harder and more wiry the texture of the
coat is, the better. On no account should the dog look or
feel woolly, and there should be no silky hair about the poll
or elsewhere.

" The coat should not be too long, so as to give the dog
a shaggy appearance, but at the same time it should show
a marked and distinct difference all over from the smooth
species.

More Figures. 183

POINTS.

Head and ears ... ... ... ... 15

Neck ' 5

Shoulders and chest ... 15

Back and loin 10

Hind quarters ... ... ... ... 5

Stem 5

Legs and feet ... ... ... ... 20

Coat 10

Symmetry and character ... ... ... 15

Total ... ... ... ... 100

DISQUALIFYING POINTS.
i. — Nose white, cherry, or spotted to a considerable extent

with either of these colours.
2. — Ears prick, tulip, or rose.
3. — Mouth much undershot or much overshot."

The above description is by no means satisfactory, especi-
ally so far as allowance for coat is concerned. The points
for an actually distinguishing characteristic are far too
few, a correct coat is worth 20 points, and an absolutely
soft one should be a disqualification. Personally, I would
far rather own a white terrier with a " spotted" or
"cherry-coloured" nose, and a hard close coat, than I
would one with a black nose and a soft coat. When
this list of points was first issued, no disqualification was
suggested in case the dog was " overshot " or " pig-
jawed," to which I drew attention at the time, and it is
pleasant to find that this suggestion of mine was adopted.
However, it is to be supposed that descriptions of dogs,
like the animals themselves, can never be perfect to all
alike, and one honest judge's opinion is pretty much as
good as another honest judge's — if the public can only be
brought to believe so.

184 The Fox Terrier.

It is no more than human nature that there is difference
of opinion as to the merits or otherwise of a terrier. That
which may be considered an almost fatal fault by one
person, by another may be thought of little detriment.
Some judges — men, too, who bear a deservedly high
reputation as such — will put a terrier out of the prize
list if it be even a trifle crooked on his fore legs or
slightly heavy at the shoulders ; whilst another dog,
narrow behind and weak in loins — to my idea a far more
serious failing — is considered pretty well all right so long
as its fore legs are set on as straight as rulers. As a fact,
there are judges who have recently gone to extremes
in awarding honours to these so-called " narrow-fronted "
terriers. Such have been produced at a sacrifice of
power and strength. Most of these very narrow-chested
dogs move stiffly, are too flat in the ribs, they are de-
ficient in breathing and heart room, and can never be
able to do a week's hard work in the country, either
with hounds or round about the badger earths or rabbit
burrows.

A sine qua non with some persons appears to be a long
lean head, perhaps not quite so long and lean a one as
that engraved near the end of this volume, still a head and
jaw long enough, figuratively writing, to " reach to the
bottom of a pint pot." There is danger, too, in an
exaggeration in this direction, for, ninety-nine times out
of a hundred, the longest and narrowest heads, greyhound-
like in shape, are found on that stamp of terrier fittest for
coursing matches.

I fancy, whatever has been said to the contrary, that
three people could not be got who, acting thoroughly in
independence of each other, would judge alike a class of a

Good Advice. 185

score of dogs, especially if the quality were pretty even.
It is even unlikely that the same two would select the
same animal for leading honours. It is possible they
might do this, but highly improbable. Fancy goes for a
great deal, and we never yet had a couple of dogs, or
other animals, brought together which were absolutely
alike. They may resemble each other, have a family
appearance possibly, but exact counterparts of each other
never.

This difference of opinion is occasionally noted, but as
many judges in the ring lean towards the decisions of
each other just in the same way more mighty magnates
do in the Law Courts and elsewhere, it seems less common
than otherwise would be the case. One judge may prefer
one type, another judge another. Take the last show of
the Fox Terrier Club for instance ; here there were,
especially in the groups of the smooths, two or three
classes of uniform excellence — that for open dogs and
that for bitches, to wit. In the former all the animals
were pretty well known. Connoisseurs knew what each
had done, how each looked, and at the same time they
were aware of the generally accepted opinion as to the
respective merits of each. Still, it would have been hard
to find another judge who would have placed them as
Mr. Dale did on that occasion. Yet, no one could say
that his decisions were at all wrong, and, as a matter
of fact, he made his awards particularly well. Such being
the case here, where all the exhibitors were well known,
how would it have been could such a class have been
placed before a judge, not one animal in which had won
a prize or ever been shown ? There would have been
some funny comments on the result, and it is probable

186 The Fox Terrier.

that which one man would have placed first, another
equally competent and skilful would have placed the last,
and both might have been in the right. The same way
with the bitches at the same show, and one "good man"
wrent so far as to say Mr. Dale put the very worst in
the class at the top. Perhaps he did do so, but who
shall discriminate where judges disagree ?

One could go on with these " might have beens"
interminably, and it is the duty of all admirers of the fox
terrier to give and take a little from each other, for
only by so doing can their favourites be produced to that
perfection we are all desirous of seeing attained. A
general uniformity of excellence must be the guide in the
show ring, and that man is the just judge who makes
his awards most nearly in accordance with this rule
and is not led away by a long, narrow head beautifully
coloured, or abnormally straight fore legs, and these
remarks apply to the rough and smooth varieties alike.

CHAPTER VI.

GENERAL TREATMENT — REGISTRATION — STUD BOOKS —
FORMING A KENNEL — BREEDING AND REARING PUPPIES
-TRAINING AS COMPANIONS AND AS HOUSE DOGS —
CHILDREN AND DOGS — PREPARING FOR THE SHOW —
SIMPLE AILMENTS — REMEDIES — POISONS — " TRIM-
MING"— GENERAL REMARKS ON DOG SHOWS.

<X>1&XO<>

'ME little instruction as to the general treatment
of the fox terrier may be of use, though it is not
my intention to deal with the matter more than in
a general manner. In the first place, he who is desirous of
becoming an exhibitor of high-class specimens, or keeping
such for other purposes, had best, as a commencement, rest
contented with a Very small team, and such as he cannot
actually keep at home must be put out to walk with suitable
householders. The reason for this has been already stated.
The cost varies according to the locality, and is usually
from one shilling to two shillings and sixpence per week
for each dog. In order to obtain what he requires, if the
would-be purchaser has no skilled friend from whom to ask
advice as to selection, he must visit the shows, see what he
likes, and act accordingly. Or he may place himself unre-

188 The Fox Terrier.

servedly in the hands of some respectable dealer (and
there are such), who will supply his requirements. When
the purchaser has secured his few terriers, he cannot do
better than make companions of them as much as possible,
and allow them to run about. Constant chaining up sours
the temper, spoils the limbs, and injures the constitution.

If new names are to be given, such must be registered
with the Kennel Club at 27, Burlington Street, London, W.,
the fee being one shilling per dog. The name selected, if
not previously adopted, then becomes the sole property of
the owner, so far as the shows held under Kennel Club rules
are concerned. If the dogs are not intended for exhibi-
tion, or only at such shows as do not adopt the Kennel
Club rules, then there is no occasion for this registra-
tion, excepting, perhaps, where pedigrees are likely to
be of use in the future. The Fox Terrier Club supports
a Stud Book confined entirely to fox terrier pedigrees,
which is edited by Mr. Hugh Dalziel, who was its original
founder, and is published by Mr. L. U. Gill, 170, Strand,
W.C. I am afraid that in times to come the multiplicity
of Stud Books will be found somewhat confusing, and we
must not forget that we are catering for future generations
as well as for ourselves. The fifth volume was issued in
December, 1894.

Even a novice, with a good brood bitch, an equally good
dog, and, by judicious selection of sires, after the first
generation, may soon form a kennel from which prize-
winners can be produced. But let him begin in a small
way. As the bitch is more or less out of order when
she has reared her pups, being thin in coat and condition,
it is not well to show her until about two months after
the pups have left her. Nor would I advise breeding

Shortening the Tail. 189

from the same bitch more than once in a year, though
it may be easy to get two litters of pups from her in the
twelve months.

When pupping let her be as quiet as possible, allow7 her
to take exercise up to the very last, and if she refuses to
eat her meals for two or three days prior to her labour
being near, lose no time in seeking suitable advice. During
labour allow her milk, water, and good broth ; and feed
well on the same things, with the addition of bread and
meat, up to the time she ceases to suckle. A strong,
healthy bitch can rear four or five puppies easily. The
latter usually have their tails " docked" or shortened when
about a week old, and, although it \vas once customary to
do this by the kennel man, or someone else, biting off the
portion, the amputation is now performed in a more civi-
lised fashion by the aid of a pair of scissors or of a sharp
knife. The hair being turned back, the flesh, &c., is quickly
cut all round without going through the cartilage ; then,
with a quick twist and pull, you draw out what appears
to be a longish white cord or sinew adhering to the piece
of tail so taken off. Cutting right through in the ordinary
way very often makes an unsightly flat surface at the end
of the stern ; but when the sinew is properly drawn, the
tail rounds off, and the hair grows almost as it would
have done had the docking not taken place. There is
little pain to the creatures, not much blood flows, and
the licking of the sore places by the dam soon heals the
wounds, and the portion of the caudal appendage is not
missed. Sometimes there are dew claws to be removed
wrhich may be done at the same time as the tails are
amputated.

At a fortnight old the pups may be taught to lap milk,

190 The Fox Terrier.

and by so doing thus early, the strain on the constitution
of the dam is much lessened, and the young ones, now
growing strong, do not pull their mother about more than
is actually necessary. When six weeks old they should be
weaned, and, as this is done, a little opening and cooling
medicine is of service to the dam. In sending the puppies
to walk it is advisable, if possible, to have two at the same
place. The one keeps the other out of mischief, they play
and romp together, and are actually less trouble than if
" walked" separately. Provide the person who is to rear
them with some magnesia, and order a little to be given to the
pups in milk every fortnight ; also instil into the " walker "
the necessity of regularity in the time of feeding, and, in the
first instance, the meals should be given at least six times
daily. Little and often must be the motto here, which,
if carried out in all cases, would do away with many of
the weedy, " big-bellied" little creatures usually so delicate
from the time of their birth until their early death, and
always a trouble and annoyance to their owners. Instruc-
tions must also be given as to sending for the owner when
signs of illness of a serious kind are apparent. With the
puppies it was my custom to hand over half a dozen of the
alterative puppy pills now made by Hind, chemist, Kendal,
with orders to give one whenever a pup appeared sickly or
dull ; and several years' experience convinced me of their
efficacy in minimising the more virulent attacks of dis-
temper. I consider that washing puppies is injurious to
them, and by causing a chill may lead to fatal complica-
tions. Whenever they are troubled with fleas or other
vermin, a good dusting with Keating's insect destroyer
will be found safer than washing, no more disagreeable,
and less troublesome.

Ear Pads. 191

As the young terriers grow older they require more
food ; three or four meals a day will now be sufficient,
and from the very first a dry bone to gnaw at and to
play with invariably does them good, and at five months old
or even a little earlier are an absolute necessity in assist-
ing to loosen the puppy teeth and so preparing the way
for the ordinary canines. Scraps of all kinds are the best
food for the pups when in their " adolescence"; before that
time bread and milk and scraps from the house are to be
recommended, but the milk must be new and well boiled.
Many persons are in favour of giving an occasional basin
of butter-milk, which in any case can do no harm, and
certainly clears out the bowels. The puppy biscuits and
specially prepared meal manufactured by Spratt's Patent
are excellent in every way, and I have found them
extremely useful, convenient, and strengthening for young
dogs.

If there is a tendency in the ears of the puppies not
to lay down or drop properly, nature may be assisted .by
continually taking the youngster on the knee, and with the
fingers working the ears into a proper position. It is also
customary to fix them down with strong adhesive plaster,
and enterprising tradesmen advertise what they call "ear
pads," which are said to suit their purpose admirably. It
seems that this sort of thing is allowed, but a custom, by no
means unusual now, and quite common during the earlier
epoch of dog showing, of cutting or breaking the cartilage
of the ear, is considered to be fraudulent. Surely here we
have a distinction without much difference.

All puppies much undershot — that is, where the under
teeth project in front of the upper ones — should be de-
stroyed. If the malformation is not great, during the time

192 The Fox Terrier.

the full teeth are growing, continual pushing them back by
the gums may be of avail in making them become level.
I had a case of this kind in which the cottager at whose
house the puppy was being reared, took so much pains that
when fully grown the teeth were as level as possible ; yet,
when commencing to push away the puppy teeth, the
appearance of being undershot was very apparent. Puppies
very much overshot, or " pig-jawed/' should be treated in
a similar fashion.

Cleanliness is not to be forgotten ; dry bedding and
as much fresh air as possible. At three months old
the juvenile terrier may have a collar occasionally put
on him, and a little later get him accustomed to the sight
and rattle of a chain. Many dogs never take kindly
to a "lead" because they are spoiled in their training.
Produce the chain or cord when you are taking him for a
run out in the country. He likes this, and in a short time
will have sense to associate the appearance of the " lead "
with the long-wished-for ramble, and behave accordingly.
If you try to initiate your young dog into chain and collar
discipline by fastening him to a table leg or anything else
handy, he will struggle and pull, make himself uneasy, do
no end of mischief, and in the end shrink from the chain
when it is produced again, with as much horror as he
would from the whip or stick by which he has been
corrected. I have myself won more than one prize in the
show ring with a comparatively inferior puppy because he
was smart on the chain, and did not dangle his little piece
of tail between his legs.

If you wish to keep your terrier in the house and make
him useful in that respect, care must be taken not to over-
feed him ; and, at any rate until he gets fully grown and

Hints on Training. 193

knows " what is what/' never neglect to allow him a run
outside the last thing at night — this will instil into him the
desirability of cleanliness. So far as chastisement is con-
cerned, never thrash or rate a dog unless you are sure he
knows what such punishment is for. As a fact, it does all
the harm and not an iota of good to punish a dog half an
hour after a fault has been discovered. The penalty must
always expeditiously and promptly follow the crime. Never
strike a dog with a stick, a birch rod is better, and a whip
best of all. Neither is, however, necessary, and a strong
word spoken at the proper time is in eight cases out of ten
a better remedy than a thrashing would be. Any dog ought
to be well kept under the command of his owner, otherwise
it is a nuisance. Never bully or annoy your canine com-
panion, or it will resent such useless interference ; give
him as much exercise as possible, bearing in mind the fact
that any dog requires more exercise than he obtains by
the exertion of wagging his tail.

Terriers and house dogs generally have far more sense
than many people give them the credit of possessing. It is
funny to see a dirty little street boy, or even one well
dressed and who should know better, spy some unfortunate
dog as he runs along some distance away from his master.
The lad, probably fancying the dog has gone astray and is
lost, picks up a stone and pretends to throw at the animal ;
or maybe he waves his stick at it, and, in the absence of
either, he will content himself with grinning or " pulling a
face " at the poor quadruped. Then the fun comes in ; the
dog snarls, growls, and goes for his natural enemy, the
" small boy," who bolts, and perhaps runs home to his
parents crying and bearing a sad tale as to some mad dog
or other. There is no doubt that an ordinary terrier can

O

194 The Fox Terrier.

distinguish from a person's features, or from his general
demeanour, his disposition to the canine race, and of
course it is but natural for the quadruped to act accordingly
— he has not yet learned the art of dissembling, though his
master or mistress may be past masters therein.

Parents ought never to allow their children to strike the
dog, nor to take a bone or anything else which he is eating
out of his mouth. He may put up with such treatment
once or twice, but in the end will be sure to prove his
aggrievement by angry growls and the use of his teeth.
Fox terriers, as a rule, are unusually fond of children, but
they are only like other varieties of their race, and cannot
put up with too much pulling about and ill-treatment.
Some time ago I was out fishing, accompanied by a favourite
terrier — one which delighted to romp with the youngsters,
and was, as a fact, amiability itself. The inevitable " small
boy," stick in hand, came along, and, as Jack stood back
from the river, that boy made a switch at him. Jack growled,
raised his bristles, and walked around that " small boy " in
a manner which was simply delightful to me. The stick
was dropped, arms fell limp by the side, Jack still growling
and showing his teeth ; so I called him up, chid him gently,
and the " small boy " walked away, forgetting to pick up his
plaything. He then began blubbering, so I wound up my
line, and talked to the boy, instilling into him the advice
that in future he would not attempt to molest little dogs
which were not interfering with him. Jack no doubt gave
a lesson that its recipient would never forget.

Do not omit to reward the man (or his wife or children)
who has walked the puppies that turn out well, either as
winners or otherwise.

If at six months old or so the puppy is very crooked

Medicinal. 195

in his fore legs, possesses enormous ears, is likely to
grow into a twenty-four pound dog, or has any other
failing sufficiently exaggerated as to quite spoil his appear-
ance, destroy him at once, as perhaps you have done
others earlier on. Inferior dogs are not worth the cost of
rearing, and the country already contains plenty of such
without more being added to the number. By no means
is it a bad plan to give your four or five months old puppies
a slight dose of newly-ground areca nut, from 10 to 20
grains, according to their age, especially if you have found,
or suspect, worms present. When you have decided to do
this, be careful to have the stomach empty by keeping the
patient without food of any kind for twelve or fourteen hours.
Then, following the nut, in two hours administer a dessert-
spoonful of castor oil and buckthorn. These are simple
remedies, and in fully grown terriers the fasting must be
enforced for twenty-four hours, 25 grains of the areca nut
and 2 grains of santonine administered in milk, or made up
into a bolus, followed by a tablespoonful of the castor oil
mixture. A vermifuge may even be given when the pup-
pies are on their dam, if worms are suspected. Half a
grain of santonine in a teaspoonful of olive oil, administered
two or three times at intervals of as many days, will be
found free from danger to everything but the worms.

At from four to six months old, during dentition, or when
younger, perhaps when older, distemper may appear, and
this often fatal complaint is always to be dreaded. Many
complications can ensue, but if the puppy has been reared
according to the directions thus shortly given, in ninety
cases out of a hundred the attack will be slight. If very
severe, the veterinary surgeon should be called in to see
the sick animal ; but ordinary cases will be cured by the

O 2

196 The Fox Terrier.

remedies advertised by Spratt's Patent, which should be
kept handy for cases of emergency. I may say that during
some ten years or so, when I bred and kept fox and other
terriers of " blue blood/' I never lost a single animal from
distemper, and the only one severely attacked was the well-
known dog Nimrod after he had won second prize as a
puppy at one of the London shows. I need scarcely say
that the instructions I am now giving my readers were
rigorously carried out.

Chorea, or " St. Vitus's dance," repeatedly follows dis-
temper, and, excepting in peculiarly mild cases, is incurable.
The usual medicines recommended are arsenic, sulphate of
zinc, and nux vomica. I prefer Easton's Syrup, which is
composed of strychnine, quinine, and iron. Give half a tea-
spoonful in the food twice daily, gradually increasing the
quantity till it is quadrupled. Let the patient lie in a warm,
dry place, free from draughts, and his food must be light and
nourishing. Massage, sea baths, and galvanism have all
been recommended. My experience is that any attempt
to cure a dog of chorea is a waste of time and money.

Remedies for a cough are numerous, this, perhaps, as
good as any — opium and ipecacuanha each 8 grains, gum
ammoniacum, squill pill and licorice each 30 grains,
powdered rhubarb 16 grains, make into thirty-six pills and
give one night and morning. Linseed tea, made strong,
into which the juice of a lemon has been squeezed, is an
exceedingly good remedy, giving a tablespoonful three or
four times a day.

Mange of one kind or another is likely to occur through
negligence ; and, as prevention is far better than cure,
cleanliness, with regular exercise and dietary, minimise
the chances of such an outbreak. A useful remedy for

Mange. 197

eczema or red mange, one which can easily be compounded
by the local chemist, is as follows : — Olive oil and oxide
of zinc, each i ounce ; tincture of arnica, 3 drachms ;
water 8 ounces ; to be gently used on the sore places
about three times daily. The ointment, green iodide of
mercury one part, lard seven parts, is likewise good, and
may be said to be almost infallible as a cure in certain
cases of mange, though care must be taken that the
patient licks none of it off. A little of this arsenical
ointment ought to be well rubbed on the sore places
on alternate days. A dose of Epsom salts, about as
much as will lie on a shilling, each morning in addi-
tion to either will hasten recovery. Another simple and
excellent remedy is composed of 6 ounces solution
of sulphate of iron ; water i pint ; the affected parts
to be fomented therewith twice daily. Fowler's solution
of arsenic may be prescribed with great advantage in the
case of skin disease, and so long as ordinary care be
observed there is little or no danger in giving even com-
paratively large quantities. It must, however, always be
taken with the meals, and the most successful results are
gained by gradually increasing the dose. Thus commence
with, say, three drops a day sprinkled on the food, adding
one drop daily until ten drops are given. If there appear
unusual signs of listlessness in the dog, and his eyes
show a slight pink tinge, discontinue the drops altogether
for a week, and then recommence wTith the minimum dose.
This treatment carefully followed will cure even the most
obstinate cases ; but in no case should the solution be
given for more than ten to twelve days consecutively.
A mixed, wholesome diet, including only a fair propor-
tion of meat, is best wrhilst the dog is under the influence

198 The Fox Terrier.

of the medicine. For more virulent mange, or what may
simply be called true mange, the following will be found
curative : Whale oil and sulphur, each 8 ounces, and oil of
tar and mercurial ointment, each half an ounce. This
must be applied at intervals of three days, and two or
three applications ought to effect a cure. Clean bedding
must not be forgotten in cases of skin disease.

Canker in the ear is a common ailment, often brought
on by damp and neglect, always troublesome to cure if
allowed to run too long without being attended to. The
early symptoms are easily discernable by the animal
shaking his head and rubbing his ears with his paws. Of
course he may do this from the presence of some foreign
substance having accidentally got into the ear, which,
however, seldom happens. If canker is appearing, a slight
redness or inflammation will be seen on examining the
inside of the ear, whilst the outside will likewise be found
unduly warm, even feverish. Wash the ear out carefully
with lukewarm water, allowing it to freely enter the
passages, which is easily done by holding the head on
one side. In an hour after doing this, having let the ear
dry without allowing the patient to shake his head, apply
the following lotion (in the same manner as the water had
been used) three times daily : Alum, 5 grains ; vinegar, i
drachm ; water, i ounce. Follow these directions carefully
and a cure will result. The latter will possibly be hastened
by morning doses of Epsom salts, and light food, bread and
scraps from the house being the best regimen. Another
useful recipe is the following : — Olive oil, 8 ounces ;
glycerine, half an ounce ; carbolic acid, quarter of an
ounce ; Goulard's extract, 2 ounces. Care must be taken
that the various ingredients are thoroughly mixed and the

A Fatal Complaint. 199

bottle well shaken before the preparation is applied, which
must be done in the manner previously described. Where
there are outward sores dress them daily with zinc oint-
ment and ointment of yellow basilicon, using each on
alternate days.

Jaundice or " yellows " (inflammation of the liver) is a
common ailment, which, unfortunately, is particularly fatal
in its character where dogs are concerned. The symptoms
are easily recognised, the yellowness in most cases being
first apparent in the eyes or under the fore legs. Calomel
is the usual remedy, a pill containing 2 grains and I grain
of opium being given every six hours. Mustard plaisters
over the region of the liver are to be recommended. Food
during treatment : broths, and bread and milk well boiled.
I would, however, recommend, in cases of such a serious
nature, counsel from a skilled veterinary surgeon, or
perhaps what would be better, recourse to the remedies
made up by Mr. T. W. L. Hind, chemist, Kendal, which
I have found pretty well infallible where the disease is
attacked in time. Spratt's Patent, too, have somewhat
similar remedies, which I have heard highly recommended.

Sore eyes are sometimes troublesome, and a capital
lotion used night and morning is cold tea, made fairly
strong, of course without milk and sugar. Zinc lotion,
as obtained from the neighbouring chemist, may be found
useful. An excellent eyewash is as follows : Sulphate of
zinc, 10 grains; laudanum, 30 drops; rose water, 3 ounces.
Sometimes an ordinary running or watering of the eyes
will be relieved by fomenting them night and morning
with lukewarm milk and water. In more serious cases,
when fears are entertained as to loss of sight from acci-
dent or other causes, special advice must be sought. In

200 The Fox Terrier.

no case of sore eyes attempt to relieve them without
careful examination to see whether any little piece of
grit or other foreign substance is present. This must, of
course, be removed.

Sore feet are occasionally troublesome, usually taking
the form of " gatherings," or eruptions, between the toes.
If there are inflammatory symptoms, bread and bran poul-
tices must be used. When the inflammation has subsided,
the sores may be dressed with zinc, or any other healing,
ointment. An excellent lotion, to be applied by means of
a sponge or soft rag, is made as follows : — Extract of lead,
2 drachms ; tincture of arnica, i-|- drachms ; water, i pint.
Use repeatedly. Until the sores are quite healed, allow as
little exercise as possible, do not feed too freely, and a
cooling aperient will be found useful.

Some people appear to have difficulty in giving a dog
medicine. As a fact, the ordinary quadruped likes it
about as well as the average juvenile biped. Some
powders may be given with the food ; pills and most
liquids must be forced down the dog's throat. The
mouth has to be opened, and this is best done by the
owner, who holds his dog between his knees, the hind
legs on the ground. A second party puts the medi-
cine down the throat of the dog, which being done the
mouth is closed until the dose is swallowed. This may
be assisted by rubbing his neck, pinching his ears, or even
by giving a biscuit. All dogs have a peculiar power of
vomiting anything they do not like — a faculty which
they often bring into use where drugs are concerned.
In such cases, immediately the medicine has been taken
the patient can have his head tied up, by means of a
chain and collar, in such a way that he cannot lower it.

Common Poisons. 201

So he must remain until a sufficient time for operation
has elapsed.

Castor oil and other capsules are to be obtained which
may be particularly useful, especially where small dogs
such as terriers are concerned. It must, however, not be
forgotten that the stomach of the dog is delicate, and
care should be taken in the administration of medicine of
any kind, and it should not be resorted to unless actually
required. In most cases a " hot nose " and general " out
of sorts " appearance can be dispelled by a dessertspoonful
of castor oil. Some people wrongly dose their dogs
monthly, no doubt acting on a principle similar to that
which prompted old Squeers to give his unfortunate pupils
at Dotheboys Hall their weekly allowance of brimstone
and treacle.

One of the dangers to which dogs are liable is the
careless use of poisons when laid with the intention of
destroying rats and mice. The subject of emetics likely
to be of use in all cases where poisons of various kinds
have been taken, mineral and otherwise, is beyond the
scope of this book. If you suspect your dog has obtained
poison, and a chemist or surgeon (veterinary or otherwise)
cannot be reached in a few minutes, seek to empty the
stomach by administering that most useful emetic, luke-
warm water, and follow this by giving milk and the white
of eggs, or boiled flour and milk, or butter, lard, fat, or
olive oil. Of course, if you have tartar emetic or sulphate
of zinc handy, give a dose of either immediately. Castor
oil later on will likewise be beneficial, and, if great
exhaustion is apparent, brandy or wine or strong beef
tea may be given. The poisons to which dogs are
most liable are arsenic, phosphorus, and strychnine,

202 The Fox Terrier.

the effects of the latter being marked by frequent
twitchings, contraction of the limbs, cramp, &c. Arsenic
poisoning may, as a rule, be detected by swelling and
apparent violent pains in the bowels, accompanied by
purging, unusual feverishness, and an unnatural thirst.
The symptoms of poison from phosphorus are a peculiar
listlessness and giddiness, vomiting, and an aroma from
the mouth not altogether unlike the smell of garlic or of
lucifer matches.

As I have said so much about the simpler ailments from
which fox terriers, like other dogs, are so often sufferers,
my remarks may be made more complete by a slight
reference to rabies, of which I was reminded by receiving,
in my connection with The Field, the following note from
" R. J." (King's Lynn): — "I was out shooting only last
Wednesday with a small spaniel, an excellent one, and
who appeared very well then. On Thursday morning I
noticed a great weakness in her hind legs, and later on a
most copious discharge of mucus, which hung in lengths of
three or four inches on each side of the mouth, and which
was so tenacious that I could hardly wipe it off. She had
also a great difficulty in swallowing anything. On Friday
I sent it to a man who has had great experience with dogs.
It had not been at his place long before it was seized with
a violent fit, and would doubtless have bit him had he been
unprepared. It had several more fits, and yesterday it was
destroyed. In the summer it had a habit of snapping at
flies, and I noticed several times last week it would go into
corners and snap in the same way, although no flies were
about. On the Saturday and Sunday morning it took no
notice of me, and did not seem to recognise me. I should
much like to know your opinion of the case. Was it

Useful Books. 203

general paralysis, do you think ? The dog had had dis-
temper." Here was a case of rabies in the most pro-
nounced form, which an expert would recognise without
any difficulty. Professor Brown says, " The history of the
case proves beyond all doubt that an experienced sports-
man may not only observe the symptoms, but realise their
character so well as to be able to describe them with as
much accuracy of detail as wrould be expected of a practised
canine pathologist, without at any moment entertaining the
least suspicion that he was dealing with a rabid dog. The
mischief which the animal may have done would be in
some measure compensated if every sportsman and owrner
of dogs in the kingdom could commit " R. J.'s" letter to
memory, or, at least, hang a copy of it in some conspicuous
place for the benefit of himself and his friends." Such
being the opinion of one of our most eminent veterinary
surgeons, I thought I could not do better than act on his
suggestion and republish the note and his comments in the
most conspicuous place over which I had control.

This volume is not intended to deal fully with the diseases
and ailments of dogs, and readers who wish to know more
about them may with advantage study " Stonehenge on
the Dog in Health and Disease," and Professor Woodroffe
Hill's " Diseases of the Dog." If lower-priced volumes
than these be required, I can recommend the shilling
work, " The Diseases of Dogs," published by L. U. Gill,
171, Strand, London. Then excellent remedies for the
various disorders are nowadays made up in handy forms
by several firms, and those of Spratt's Patent, already
mentioned, I have found to be especially useful and suc-
cessful. Their dog medicine chest, or portable surgery,
is the handiest and cheapest thing of the kind which can

204 The Fox Terrier.

be imagined. This enterprising company likewise issue a
useful handbook, " The Common Sense of Dog Doctoring,"
which may easily find a corner in any house where a dog
is kept, and no domicile ought to be without at least one
specimen of the canine race, who will earn his living as
a watch dog and as an agreeable companion.

There is a possibility, though not a probability, that the
fox terrier bitch when she has pupped may die, or be too ill
to suckle her family. Then a foster mother must be pro-
cured, whose pups having been destroyed, she should be
allowed to become a little extended with milk, and one of
the fox terriers placed with her and put to suckle. In
nine cases out of ten she will take kindly to her foster
child, and may be left with it, the others being placed with
her immediately afterwards ; and, when she has been seen
to lick and clean them all alike, the adoption may be con-
sidered complete. The same when a puppy or two are put
to her amongst her own offspring, and which may be done
when your well-bred bitch has a more numerous litter than
she can suckle. Puppies can, of course, be reared with
ordinary milk given through the instrumentality of a child's
feeding bottle ; but this is a troublesome method and one
never practised excepting when the puppies, of unusual
value, have been left orphans by the death of their mother,
and when a foster parent cannot be obtained. Spratt's
Patent, already alluded to, have provided what is con-
sidered to be a good substitute for milk, in the form of an
" orphan puppy food," which is convenient when the
supply of milk from the dam is not sufficient for her
family.

With a possibility of the bitch, when in a certain condi-
tion, getting loose and contracting a cross-bred or mongrel

Luck in Breeding. 205

alliance, care may be taken when such puppies are born
in selecting one or more to keep with the bitch. Cases of
superfcetation are not uncommon in the dog, and there may
be mongrels and pure terriers born in the same litter. I
was told of a particularly good fox terrier which a friend of
mine desired to purchase. She, however, being a great
favourite in the house, could not be parted with, and her
owner said, " She is, no doubt, very nice to look at, but
unfortunately her dam is a spaniel, and all her brothers and
sisters are spaniels, too ! "

Still another instance. The bitch Venom, grand-dam of
some of my best terriers, after being mated with a fox
terrier dog, formed a morganatic alliance with a Skye
terrier. All the pups, with one exception, were Skye
terriers, or, at any rate, half-bred ones. The exception
was a white bitch with a lemon-marked head. Her life
was the one saved, but merely to keep with the dam as a
matter of kindness. At four weeks old she was sold for
half-a-crown, and ultimately developed into one of the best
bitches of the day — Nellie by name — who, in due course,
had at least one illustrious family, an individual of which
sold for more than ioo/., and all in that same litter which
produced this " century puppy " became prize winners and
notabilities.

Such instances show the amount of luck there may be
in breeding terriers as in anything else. The bitch Jess
(8037), by Grip — Patch, from which most of Mr. A. H.
Clarke's best terriers are descended (Result included),
through her alliance with Brockenhurst Rally, was sent to
me on approval just before Mr. Clarke bought her. She
did not appear to me a likely model from which to produce
champions, so, after keeping her a couple of days, she was

200 The Fox Terrier.

returned Had she better pleased me I would never have
even dreamed of putting her to Rally. Thus, if Jess had
come into my possession, the champion of his time, Result,
would never have been born.

The fox terrier reared and brought up on the lines
suggested, if he be good enough to make his debut on the
show bench, will require little or no further preparation ; he
goes well in the chain (which must be about a yard long,
with a swivel and spring at each end, a swivel in the
middle, and each link so wide that the springs can be
fastened therein), is smart and lively, free from disease,
and a good wash the day before he has to appear on
exhibition should be all that he requires. A tub in which
he can stand up to his belly, lukewarm water, some good
soap, willing hands, and in ten minutes he is ready to be
well dried, and when taken out of the tub let the terrier
give himself a hearty shake. A little powder blue in the
water produces a good blue-white, which is better than the
yellower hue ; and about an hour after drying the animal,
hand-rub him well, and, if his coat is in good form, the end
of each hair will sparkle and shine, and add quite an extra
point to a chance of winning first prize. In commencing
to wash the dog, do so, in the first instance, at his hind-
quarters, and do not touch the head and face until the very
last. The reason for this is obvious in the fact that no
dog likes his head and eyes and ears being soused in
water, be it hot or cold, or even intermediary between the
two.

Apropos of " powder blue." Some years ago I had a
white fox terrier entered for a local show, and, being
engaged until late in the evening preceding the exhibition,
was unable to get home to superintend the washing. How-

Tubbing the Show Dog. 207

ever, when I did arrive, there was Gripper lying upon the
arm-chair seemingly as white as snow, clean and sweet as
willing hands could make him. My housekeeper, being
fond of the dog, had "tubbed" him herself. Next morning,
at seven o'clock, he had a run out, when, to my amazement,
a blue shade appeared through the jacket, and, turning
back the hairs, there was the skin of the little terrier as
blue almost as though it had been painted ! Of course, an
overdose of the powder had been used, and I need scarcely
say Gripper did not appear in the show ring that day.

A wire-haired fox terrier requires a little more attention
than the smooth one, and it is the custom to trim and pluck
the former to make him appear to the best advantage.
Considerable skill and experience are required to do this
properly, especially in the manner in which the hair is
pulled off the face in front of the eyes. Then some strains
require the jacket taking off the body in handfuls almost, by
plucking, singeing, or burning ; others have their jackets
made crisper or harder by artificial means, magnesia and
alum being generally utilised for such purposes. Such pro-
cedure is quite unfair, and I regret very much that the
Kennel Club has proved its inability to put a stop to the
practice. Indeed, this "faking" or trimming, by whatever
name it is known, has come to' such a pass that a disruption
was very nearly caused between the members of the Fox
Terrier Club — those who kept the smooth variety being, of
course, opposed to the practice. Whether such trimming
will continue with so little check, time alone will show ;
but so long as it is tacitly allowed, which is the case in
almost all instances, I do not in justice see why the owners
of black and tan terriers should be disqualified for pull-
ing any brown or white hairs out of their dogs, as they

208 The Fox Terrier.

undoubtedly would be were they discovered to have done
so. Surely in these cases what is sauce for the goose
must be sauce for the gander.

The only method by which such malpractices are to be
stopped is by drawing a hard-and-fast rule as to what
constitutes this faking and over-trimming; and tacit consent
having allowed a certain degree of latitude with some
varieties, the difficulty of dealing with the abuse is con-
siderably increased. Some competent person ought to
be appointed whose duty it would be to make examina-
tions and to lay objections, and not leave the latter, as
is the case now, to the judge or to interested parties. An
attempt to attain neatness and prettiness in the show dog
is usually made by cutting the whiskers of bull terriers,
black and tan terriers, and white English terriers, which
is always allowed. By so doing, a perky and smart
appearance is given to the dog, and so it became the
fashion to do the same with fox terriers. Happily, so far
as regards the breed of which I write, the custom has now
almost lapsed, though occasionally one does come across
a smooth fox terrier robbed of those useful appendages
with which Nature had provided him.

But to return to the washing of wire-haired terriers. A
continual course of tubbing softens the coat of both
varieties, and to remedy this in the one, various means are
resorted to, as also for making a naturally soft coat feel
harder and crisper than it really is. Here again " faking "
crops in, but how to " fake " is not a gospel I intend to
preach, and I mention it as one of the weaknesses in the
system of modern canine exhibitions.

That dog shows have done a great deal towards the
popularisation of the fox terrier there is little doubt, and,

The First Dog Show. 209

when in a meditative mood, one is inclined to wonder why
English sportsmen were so long in discovering him.
Indeed, since the first dog show which took place at
Newcastle-upon-Tyne in June, 1859, exhibitions have
advanced as quickly as the railways did, and now over
a hundred and fifty of one kind or another are Jield during
each year, some of which are confined entirely to that
variety of dog to whose merits I have endeavoured to do
justice. Canine exhibitions have naturally their defects,
but, so long as honourably conducted, they must continue
to possess an improving influence on " dogdom " generally.
There was a time wrhen many of our best dogs were in
the hands of those who kept them solely for the purposes
of profit, and whether that profit was obtained by sale, rat-
killing, or fighting, made little matter, so long as the money
came to hand. The only shows were those held in public-
house parlours ; and to be known as the owner of half
a dozen terriers was tantamount to being: considered

O

" fast," and as having a liking for low company. Thus,
no doubt, was derived the expression " going to the
dogs." All this is altered now.

Well-bred terriers and other varieties have become
fashionable, and it is almost as difficult to find a house
without a dog as guard and companion as it is to find one
without a cat to kill the mice. Dog shows have provided
pure-bred animals, and the fox terrier has proved himself
the most popular of all. His colour is white, so easily can
the careful housewife see when her pet requires tubbing,
and his short coat carries less filth than that of the Skye
terrier or any of his Scottish, Welsh, or Irish cousins. I do
not know where we should have been with our dogs had
not the shows been introduced when they were. Mongrels

210 The Fox Terrier.

would, no doubt, have continued in favour, and certainly
there could have been little incentive for breeders to take
the trouble they now do in the production of the most
perfect specimens. Let grumblers rail as they will, I
believe that dog shows have, like other institutions, their
place and duty in this world, and their absence would be
lamented. Individuals are about wTho decry them; some for
one reason, some for another. A few self-called humani-
tarians allege that distinct cruelty is perpetrated upon that
dog who, entered for an exhibition, is compelled to recline
amid luxurious straw, and fastened by chain and collar for
one, two, or three days, as the case may be, to be gazed
upon by a curious portion of the British public. Others say
that such shows have caused the dog's appearance to be
improved at the expense of his utility. In some few cases
the latter may have been the case, but this is not general.
As to the former complaint, were those, who make it, better
acquainted with their subject, they would know that before
the era of shows thousands of dogs were kept in the cellars
of our large towns, their duty being to kill rats at the
instigation of their owners, or to fight with each other when
sufficient money was forthcoming to provide a " stake " for
the purpose. The canine race has attained a higher position
than this, and the very dogs that the sporting Boniface
once held for such purposes, he now treats as he would his
kinsmen, keeps them in good health by fresh air and exer-
cise, in order that their jackets remain clean and fresh, and
so give their owners a chance of taking honours at the
neighbouring shows. Canine exhibitions have undoubtedly
increased the value of the dog, and accordingly he is now
better treated than at any previous part of his history.
I have heard it stated that dog shows do not improve

On the Bench. 211

the tempers and dispositions of our terriers. That may
be the case or not (most likely not), for I have not yet
come across a fox terrier with a kindly, pleasant dispo-
sition, whose finest traits had become mythical after
competition in the show ring. As a rule, a dog takes very
kindly to the " bench," where he is comfortably bedded
up with clean straw, and is seldom (nowadays at any
rate) rendered cantankerous by continual poking with
the umbrella or walking-stick of some mischievous and
semi-civilised visitor. No dog, however docile and well-
behaved, will stand such treatment, and when it occurs
the offending visitor should be removed from the proximity
of the animal which he desires to torture. In cases where
a terrier does actually sulk, and seems to have a dis-
inclination to make himself comfortable and contented
when on exhibition, it is best to withdraw him entirely
from the public gaze, as, in the end, he may turn unplea-
sant, and require either a muzzle or special contrivance
to prevent his teeth making an acquaintance with a ten-
der portion of some too curious and closely approaching
spectator.

Having dealt with the fox terrier, both as a worker and
as a show dog, little more need be said about him. Whether
you require him for the one purpose or the other, treat him
as kindly as you would your best friend, and under ordinary
circumstances he will reward you accordingly. Make him
a companion, to live in the house or in the stable, and on
no account relegate him to a wooden kennel in the corner
of the back yard. The fox terrier was no more made to
reside in such an abode than was my lord brought up to
inhabit a common lodging-house. The more you see of
your dog the more he loves you, and greater is the likeli-

P 2

2 12 The Fox Terrier.

hood of his turning out a sensible animal. There are
imbecile dogs as there are human beings, and no amount of
treatment will in either case make the unfortunate creature
sensible. Such a dog is better put out of harm's way, for
all he can do is to eat, and to drink, and to sleep — he even
fails to learn how to open a semi-closed door ; and killing
a rat, driving a fox, or protecting the house from thieves —
the ordinary duties of any fox terrier — are accomplishments
he wrill never attain. An imbecile dog may win a prize on
a show bench for the simple reason that the judge has no
opportunity of ascertaining his mental capacity ; but he
can prove mischievous even here, and had better be
destroyed.

CHAPTER VII.

THE Fox TERRIER CLUB — ITS OFFICERS AND RULES —
OTHER CLUBS.

LLUSION has already been made to the Fox
Terrier Club, which, established in 1876, only
two years later than the Kennel Club, and the
year following the earliest of all specialist clubs, those
for bulldogs, Dandie Dinmonts, and Bedlington terriers,
it has continued progressive, and done much to promote
the objects for which it was first formed. At the present
time it has a balance in the bank of about £400 to its credit.
The number of members in December, 1894, was ninety-
six, notwithstanding the entrance fee and rather high annual
subscription ; still, both are required to at any rate prevent
undue strain upon the funds during its own annual
exhibition. There is no doubt that the continued and well
sustained high value of the fox terrier is due in a great
degree to the Fox Terrier Club. The committee have time
after time looked after its interests in every way, and the
valuable prizes provided from the funds will, so long as
they are continued, always make their favourite much
sought after.

214 The Fox Terrier.

Earlier in the volume I alluded to the custom of one
man being at the same time, not of necessity at the
same show, both judge and exhibitor. He will judge at
one show and exhibit at another. The Fox Terrier Club
is an influential body, quite representative and sans
reproche, cannot they arrange amongst themselves to have
judges who, at any rate for the season, are not exhibitors ?
The public would like some such method, for, however
much above suspicion a man may be, the unsuccessful
exhibitors have grounds for grumbling when they find one
day Mr. Smith judging Mr. Jones' dogs and giving them
prizes, and another day Mr. Jones judging Mr. Smith's
favourites and reciprocating the award of honours. This,
I consider, is one of the most unsatisfactory arrangements
in connection with the dog show epoch. The present
office-bearers are as follows :

Honorary Secretary and Treasurer, Mr. J. C. Tinne,
Bashley Lodge, Lymington, Hants ; who is an ex-officio
member of the Committee : the ordinary committee
includes Messrs. A. Ashton (Cheshire), J. A. Doyle
(Brecon, S. Wales), P. C. Reid (Essex), J. R. Whittle
(Middlesex), A. E. Clear (Essex), V. B. Johnston (Stafford-
shire), F. Redmond (London), F. S. H. Dyer-Bennet
(Stourbridge), F. L. Evelyn (Denbigh), C. W. Wharton
(London), S. Castle, jun. (Blackheath), C. H. Clarke
(Notts), J. A. Hosker (Bournemouth), T. Keene (London),
and R. Vicary (Devonshire).

The rules of the club, altered and revised November,
1894, are as follows :

i. — The name of the Club shall be " THE Fox TERRIER CLUB,"
its object being to promote the breeding of pure fox terriers; to
define precisely and publish a definition of the true type ; and

Club Rules. 215

to urge the adoption of such type on breeders, judges, dog show
committees, &c., as the only recognised and unvarying standard
by which fox terriers ought to be judged, which may in future
be uniformly accepted as the sole standard of excellence, in
breeding and in awarding prizes of merit to fox terriers ; and
(by giving prizes, supporting shows, and taking other steps) to
do all in its power to protect and advance the interests of the
breed.

2. — The Club shall consist of an unlimited number of Members,
whose names and addresses shall be kept by the Honorary
Secretary in a book, which book shall be open to the inspection
of Members at reasonable times. Any respectable person
favourable to the objects of the Club is eligible for admission as
a Member. Each Candidate for admission must be proposed
by one Member, and seconded by another Member. The
election of Members shall be vested solely in the Committee,
and shall be by ballot, four Members to form a quorum, and
two black balls to exclude.

3. — The Annual Subscription for each Member shall be two
guineas, payable on the ist January in each year, and the Entrance
Fee shall be two guineas. Any one failing to pay his subscription
by 3ist January shall have notice given him by the Honorary
Secretary, and if his subscription be still unpaid by the time that
the Annual Report of the past year is issued, his name shall be
inserted in a list of Members who are in arrear with their sub-
scription. If his arrears be still unpaid on the 3ist March next
following, his name shall be struck off the list of Members. No
new Member shall be entitled to enjoy any of the privileges of
Members until he has paid his Entrance Fee and Subscription.
[This rule is to be revised.]

4. — Meetings of the Club shall be held, as occasions shall
require, for the transaction of business. A Meeting may be
specially convened by the Honorary Secretary on receipt of a
wiitten requisition signed by not less than six Members, stating
the time, place, and object of such Meeting, to be lodged with the
Honorary Secretary at least a fortnight previous to the date fixed
for such Meeting to take place.

216 The Fox Terrier.

5. — A Meeting of the Club shall have full power to transact any
business relating to the Club which it may think fit ; to arbitrate
in disputed matters ; to expel any Member considered guilty of
dishonourable conduct (after such expulsion the Member so
expelled to have no claim against the Club, and not to be entitled
to recover any portion of his Subscription) ; or to deal with any
questions not provided for by these Rules.

6. — All the Concerns of the Club, and all arrangements for its
management, shall be conducted by a Committee, consisting of
fifteen elected Members, one-third of whom longest in office shall
retire annually, but shall be re-eligible. The Committee shall
hold meetings when necessary, three to form a quorum. The
Honorary Secretary and Honorary Treasurer shall be ex-officio
Members of Committee.

7. — An Annual General Meeting of the Club shall be held at
the usual Club show in the autumn; or, in the event of a show
not being held, at such time as the Committee may decide, for the
purpose of revising the annual statement of accounts, duly
audited and made up from the ist of July to the 3Oth of June
(such statement of accounts having been circulated amongst
members not later than the ist of October), and the election of
Committee, Honorary Secretary, and Honorary Treasurer, as
provided for in Rules 6 and 8 ; and for the transaction of any
other business. The Committee shall have power to appoint
Sub-Committees for any special object, and to fill up vacancies
in the Committee during the year.

8. — The Honorary Secretary and Honorary Treasurer shall be
elected at the annual general meeting.

9. — The Minutes of the last preceding Meeting shall be read at
the commencement of, and be approved and confirmed by, the
next subsequent similar Meeting. The Chairman shall have a
casting vote in addition to his own. Notice of Meeting shall be
sent to each Member at least seven days previous to the date
fixed for such Meeting to take place, and with the notice shall be
stated a list of the business to be transacted.

10. — The question of giving Prizes or Cups at Shows shall be
decided by the Committee, who shall stipulate that the Show be

Challenge Cups. 217

held under the Rules of The Kennel Club, and shall satisfy them-
selves as to the Classes and Prizes, as well as to the efficiency of
the Judge. The Committee shall place in the hands of the
Honorary Secretary, and shall from time to time revise, a list of
such Judges as it approves.

n. — All expenses incurred by the Honorary Secretary and
Honorary Treasurer, for or on behalf of the Club, shall be
defrayed out of the funds of the Club. An Annual Report,
together with the Rules, the names of Members of the Committee,
and of the Honorary Secretary and Honorary Treasurer, and
the Annual Statement of Accounts (duly audited), shall be
printed and supplied to each Member not later than the 3ist of
December.

12. — The undermentioned Challenge Cups shall be offered for
competition not less than twice nor oftener than four times each
year. They shall be perpetual Challenge Cups.

I. — Grand Challenge Cup, value 50 guineas, for smooth-
haired fox terriers.

II. — Grand Challenge Cup, value 50 guineas, for wire-
haired fox terriers.

13. — The Club shall, at such time as the Committee may
decide, give four special prizes, to be competed for by puppies
born during the previous calendar year (thus the puppies com-
peting in 1884 shall have been born in 1883), exhibited by their
breeders, who must be members of the Club.
The special prizes shall be :

I. — io/. for the best smooth-haired dog puppy.
II. — io/. for the best smooth-haired bitch puppy.
III.— io/. for the best wire-haired dog puppy.
IV.- — io/. for the best wire-haired bitch puppy.
14. — Although the Club will not necessarily withhold its support
from Shows at which there is competition between smooth-haired
and wire-haired fox terriers, the abolition of such competition is
recommended whenever practicable.

15. — Any Member can withdraw from the Club on giving
notice to the Secretary (such Member retiring to have no claim
whatever on the Club), provided always that such Member shall

218 The Fox Terrier.

be liable for his Subscription for the current year in which he
gives such notice.

Some time ago a committee of " scrutiny " or inspection
was appointed, the duty of which was to examine and
investigate any case where a charge of " trimming " a
wire-haired terrier had been made. The resolution bearing
on the question and adopted was as follows :

That a committee be appointed to act as scrutineers, and
report any cases of tampering with the coats of wire-haired
fox terriers. Tampering is defined—" singeing, clipping,
plucking, cutting, shaving, and breaking hair which is not
ripe to come out."

In addition to what may be called the "parent" club, as
described above, there are, in various parts of the country, a
number of other clubs similarly devoted to the advancement
and improvement of this the most popular of all terriers.
Some of these minor clubs either still hold or have
already held shows of their own, and the particulars as to
their names, as to membership, and to other matters are as
follows :

FYLDE (established 1882). — Entry fee, two guineas;
annual subscription, one guinea. Secretary, Mr.J. J. Stott,
Barton House, Manchester.

IRISH (established 1880). — Entry fee, 10.9. 6^.; annual
subscription, 105-. 6^. Secretary, Mr. F. Kelly, Brunswick
Chambers, Dublin.

LONDON (established 1887). — No entry fee, annual sub-
scription, los. 6d. Secretary, Mr. J. H. W. Nathan, 131,
St. Leonard's Road, London.

ISLE OF WIGHT AND NEW FOREST (established 1884).—
Entry fee, los. 6d. ; annual subscription, ios.6d. Secretary,
Mr. V. B. Johnstone, The Wergs, Tettenhall, Staffordshire.

Minor Clubs. 21 ^>

NORTH OF ENGLAND (established 1892). — Entry fee, one
guinea, after first fifty subscribers ; annual subscription, one
guinea. Secretary, Mr. J. W. Taylor, 81, Union Street,
Oldham.

SCOTTISH (established 1886). — No entry fee, annual
subscription, one guinea. Secretary, Mr. Norman McWatt,
Lylestone House, Alloa.

SHEFFIELD AND HALLAMSHIRE (established 1885).—
Entry fee, one guinea; annual subscription 10^. 6^/.
Secretary, Mr. G. Raper, Wincobank, Sheffield.

SHROPSHIRE (established 1885). — Entry fee, one guinea ;
annual subscription, one guinea. Secretary, Mr. F. H.
Potts, Broseley Hall, Salop.

SOUTHDOWN (established 1878). — Entry fee, one guinea;
annual subscription, one guinea. Secretary, Captain E.
Pearson, 27, Oriental Place, Brighton.

YORK (established 1890). — Entry fee, one guinea; annual
subscription, one guinea. Secretary, Mr. F. Wright, 13,
Lendal, York.

INDEX.

Abbot, Mr. C. T page 57-

Adams, Mr. Harry 40

Adderley, Mr 63

Ajax 170

Albrighton, The 45

Alexandra Palace Dog Show (1889) 170

Allison, Mr. W 57, 64, 73

America, The Fox Terrier in 96

Archer, Mr. C. G '. 159

Archer, Mr. N ... 65

Arkwright, Colonel ...... 36

Arrowsmith, Mr. J 57,74

Artful Joe 127

Astley, Mr. L. C. P. (his Kennels) -.... 94

Astbury, Mr. F. J 66

Atherton Fox Hounds, The 45

Australia, The Fox Terrier in 96

Avenger 148

Aylesbury, Mr. H. A. W 174

B.

Badger 40

Badger (Wire-haired) 167

Badminton Library ..-.. ., . ... 114

-2'2'2 Index.

Badsworth, The page 43

Baguley, Mr. F 178

Balance 158

Bartle, Mr. C 179

Barton Marvel 174

Barton Witch 178

Bayley, Mr. Harvey 28, 37

Beaufort, Duke of 44, 49

Beckford 14

Belgrave Joe 62,65,84,85,86,102

Bellona 33, 54

Belmont, Mr. A. (New York) 96

Belvoir blood, The 45,84,85

Bennet, Mr. Dyer 92, 99

Benson, Mr. Thomas 51

Bentinck, Lord Henry ..'. 45

Berkeley, The Old ... : 44

Bessie 72

Bewley and Carson 33*65

Biney, Mr. L 65

Bingley's Memoirs of British Quadrupeds 16

Birch 167

Birmingham Shows 28, 29. 59, 60, 66, 148, 173

Bitters 57.67,133

" Black and Tan Heads" 45

Bloom 64

Boaster 127

" Boke of St. Albans " 3

" Book of the Dog " 12

Booth, Mr. G , 40

Border Terrier, The ... ...... 52

Bounce 33

Boy and Terrier 193

Bradbury, Mr. A. C 66

Bramble 167

Branson, Mr 86

Briar Clinker 178

Index.

Briggs page 168

Brittle 174

Brockenhurst Joe 63

Brockenhurst Rally 74, 117

Brocklesby, The :. ... 45

Broom 188

Browne, Mr. C. M. (" Robin Hood ") 144

Brush 167

Buff 76

Buffer 69

Buffet 68, 102

Bull Dog blood 22

Bundle 168

Burbidge, the late Mr. F 37, 64, 76, 77

„ (his Sale) 78

Burton Dick 2,45

Burton Wild Briar 167

Bushey Broom 172

Busy 67

Butcher, Mrs 178

C.

Caius, Dr. 2, 12

Calf, Mr. H 55

Canada, Fox Terriers in 96

Canker in the Ear 198

" Caractacus '' 97

Carlisle Tack ... 164, 172

Carlisle Tyro 170

Carlisle Young Venture 151

Carrick, Mr. W 149, 164, 169, 172, 176, 181

Castle and Shannon, Messrs 176

Cauldwell Nailer 177

Cauldwell Scorcher 178

Cavendish 174

"Cecil" 46

Cedric 72

224 Index.

Chance ... page 41, 65, 102

Charmvood Marion 177

Cheshire Terriers, Some 47

Chinese and Tartars 2

Chorea 196

Clear, Mr. A. E 77, 173, 176

Cleveland Laddie 167

Clarke, Mr. A. H 117

Clarke, Mr. Charles (Scopwick) 45

Clarke, The Messrs 72,74,75, 117

Classes, Multiplication of, and Large 58,59

Cleek 40

Cleveland Hound Show 42

Clowes, Lieut. -Col 29

Cockayne, Mr 36

Colmore, Mr 176

Companions, Training as ... , 192

" Compleate Sportsman," The .- 9

Coniston Hounds, The 51

Cooper, W. (Huntsman) 85

Corner, Mr. J. W '...,••• ...... 169

Cottingham Nettle 58, 74

Cowley's (Mr. J. H. B.) Terriers, His Strain of ... ... 1 6 1, 163.

Cox, Mr. Ben 59

Cox, Mr. Harding 50, 171, 176

Cox, Nicholas 6

Crack 54, 71

Crafty .. ... 57

Cribbage ...... 177

Cropper, Mr. \V 33, 57

Crystal Palace Show 173

" Cynographia Britannica " 10

D.

Dale, Mr. J. B 185

Dalziel, Mr. Hugh 7

Damarell, Mr. A 176

Index. 225

Dame Fortune .. Pa8e 81, IO4> IO7

Dane Gallantry 37

Daniel, Rev. W 9, 15, 17, 19

Davenport, Mr. H. J 31

Daylesford Brush 178

De Castro, Rev. T. W ... 68

Derby Show (1894) 185

Despoiler and Digby Grand 81

Diamond 63

Dickenson, G. (Gamekeeper) 71

Dirleton Nettle 174

Diseases and Ailments 203

Distemper 193

Dixon, Mr. Sydenham 41

Dobson Tommy (Eskdale) 51

Dodds, Jack 165

Dodds, Mr. M 165

Dog and Fox, Friendly 1 8

Dog, The, as a British Working Man 158

Dog, A Fishing 137

"Dogs of the British Isles " „ 41,62

Dog Show, The First 28, 209

Dog Stories, Doubtful 137

Dogs, Treatment of 211

Dominie 81, 133

Dorcas 62, 64, 76, 102

D'Orsay 80, 104, 107, 180

Douglas Driver 89

Douglas Jostle ... 89

Douglas Trinket 89

Doyle, Mr. J. A 12,36,83,177

Doyle, Mr., on Fox Terriers 132

E.

Ear Canker 198

Ears, Cutting 26

Ears, Large 23

Q

226 Index.

Edward I. (Wardrobe Accounts) page 13

Edwardes, Captain 160

Edwards, Sydenham 10

Edwards, Mr. Lloyd ... ... ... 40

Elmer, S 15

Emetics 201

" Englishe Dogges," Treatise on 5

Eskdale Hounds (Cumberland), The 51

Eskdale Tzar 169

Ethel Newcome 92

Eye, Diseases of the . 199

F.

Fancy 127

Famous 41

Fan 57, 68

"Faking" 61,207

Farquharsons, The 44

Feet, Sore 200

Ff ranee, Mr 44

Field, Mr. F.H 168,176

Field, The (Newspaper) 41, 46, 48, 105, 144

Filbert 175

First Flight 76

Fisher, Rev. C. T 102

Fitzwilliam, Hon. T. W 39, 41, 48, 66

Fleming, Abraham 5

Fletcher, Mr. James 67

Foiler, and Beatty's Foiler 63,127,174

Foster Mothers 204

Fox 68

Fox and Dog, Friendly 18

Fox and Dog at a Northern Show 145

Fox Terrier, The, of 1 806 (Illustration) 15

Fox Terrier, The Wire-haired 141

Fox Terrier Chronicle 101, 104

Fox Terrier Club, its Officers and Rules 213

Index. 227

Fox Terrier Club's Scale of Points page 108

Fox Terrier Club's Standard for Wire-hairs 182

Fox Terrier Clubs, Various 218,219

Fox Terriers and Otters 115

Frantic ... 73

Frisk (Nichol's) 33

Fuss 126

Fussy 33, 54, 55, !33

Fylde Fox Terrier Club 218

G.

Gadfly 56, 70

Gamon, Mr. W 33,41,65

Gem (Mr. Pilgrim's) 33

Gentleman's Recreation, The 6

Gibson, Mr. Henry 57, 58, 62

Gillett, Mr 178

Goosey, T. (Huntsman) 85

Graham, The late Mr. Donald ... ... 151

Grip 118

Gripper 69

Grove Blood ' 63

Grove Crab, Grove Ella 57,72

Grove Hounds, The 31, 39

Grove Nettle 33,39

H.

Handley, Rev. W 39

Handy, The late Capt 49

Hargreaves, Mr. A 37

Harrison, Mr. M 170

Hawkins, Mr. Justice, and his Terrier ... 140

Hazlehurst, Dr 66

Helliwell, Mr. G 67

Hill, Mr. S. 179

Hitchcock, Mr. (Leicester) 36

Hogg, Mr. Lindsay 167,176

Q2

228 Index.

Holmes, Mr., Beverley page 56

Hopkins, Mr. H. L 173

Hornet 41, 133

House Dogs, Training Puppies as 192

How, Major (his Kennels) 89

Huntly, Marquis of 33, 4 1

Hunton Baron 77

Hunton Prince (late Syrup) 77

Hunton Honeymoon 77

Hyssop

I.

" Idstone " (his Opinion) 48

Irish Fox Terrier Club ... : 218

Isle of Wight Fox Terrier Club 218

Islington Show in 1862 ... ... 28

Izod, Mr. J 176

J-
Jack 147

Jack Frost 174

Jack St. Leger 173

Jack's Yarn 174

Jacobs' " Compleate Sportsman " ... 9

James L, King 13, 14

Jaundice 199

Jenny 56

Jess 74, 205

Jester, Old 73, 174

Jester II 73

Jester (Mr. Maxwell's) 151, 165

Jock (Denton's) 57

Jock II 40,70

Jock, Old 31, 33,133

Johnson, Master 169

Johnstone, Sir W 167

Jones, Mr. Harry 173

Index. 229

K.

Kate (Starter's) page 33

Kate Cole 92

Kelly, Mr. J.H 179

Kennel Club Stud Book, The 31,35,40,62

Kennel, Forming a ... 70,89,90,91

Kennel Gazette ... 105

Kennels, Various 95, 96

Khan, The Grand ......... 2

L.

Lacey, Mr. Henry 166

Lady 77

Lancer 121,123

Large Classes 59

Lawrence, Mrs 81

Laycock's Dairy Yard Show ... 65

Leach, Mr. C. R. H 40

Liffey 174

Lill (Shepherd's) 56

Lill Foiler 165

Limbo 127

Lisle, Lady de 57

Little Jim x 67

Littleworths, The ... .... 51,67,125

Liver (Inflammation of) 199

London Fox Terrier Club 218

Lonsdale, Lord 50

Lord Edward 174,177

Lucifer as in Praesenti 40,102,104

Lynx 1 70

Lyons Sting 92,104,107

M.

Mabel ... - 71

Mac ... ... 65

Mac II 41, 71

230 Index.

Macdona, Mr. J. C page 67

Mange 196

Marco Polo 2

Markham, Gervase 6

Mawes, Mrs. (owner of Pepper) 29

Maxwell, Mr. A 151,172,174

May 57

Mayhew, Mr. Reginald 181

Measurement Diagram 97

Medicine, How to give 200

Mellor, The Rev. W. J 48

Mendal, Mr. S 73

Merry, Mr. W. (huntsman) 39

Middleton, Lord ... ... 44,73

Mischief 41

Mischief (Wire-haired) 169

Miss Miggs 168

Miss Taylor 174

Monteith, Earl of 13

Morgan, Ben 44

Morgan, Jack 31

Modern Dogs (Lee's) 44

Moss II 74

Murchison, The late Mr. J. H 33, 38, 62

Mustard 126

Musters, Mr. H. Chaworth 55

Mutter, Mr. A 171

Myrtle 55, 56

N.

Nectar 33, 41

Nellie II 1 68

Nellie III 168

Nelson 158

Nettle 102

Nettle (Wire-haired) 158

New and Old Stamp 134

Index. 231

New Zealand, The Fox Terrier in Page 96

Nichols' (Frisk) 33

Nimrod 69, 76, 103

Nisbet, Mr. J 149

North of England Fox Terrier Club 219

North Star 170

Norton, Lord 63

Nottingham Shows ... 40, 59

„ „ Wire-hairs in 144

Nutcrack (Roper's), 176, 179, 180

O.

Oakleigh Topper 168

Oakley, The 28,32

O'Grady, The Rev. T. ... ... 36,52,70

Old and New Stamp of Terrier 134

Old Dame 121

Old Flora 127

Old Jester 73, 174

Old Tip 150

Olive (Johnson's) 72

Olive (Murchison's) 62, 102

Olympia Dog Show 171

Opinions of Judges, Various 184

Owners of Best Smooth-haired Terriers, List of 95

Owners of Best Wire-haired, List of 181

Oxford Show (1892) 92

P.

Palace, Crystal, Shows ... 33

Patch (Dr. Hazlehurst's) 74

Patch (Mr. A. Maxwell's) ... 165

Patch (Procter's) 37, 55, 58

Pearl ... 121

Pearse, Mr. T 178

41 Peeping Tom " 73

Pepper, The Grove ... 32

232 Index.

Pet Pearl page 83

Peterborough Hound Show 51

Philadelphia, A Letter from 97

Pickering Nailer ... 151, 174

Pickle II. (The blood of) 77,86

Pilgrim, Mr. P 33' 57

Pincers ... 62

Pincher 103, 167

Pitcher ... 81

Pixie 57

Poisons, Common 201

Pollock Tina 178

Poole, Mr. Donville ... ... 35, 43

Powderham Jack ... 147

Priam 57

Proctor, Mr. G 37, 56

Promoter 180

Prompter 176, 178, 1 80

Propeller 180

Pulboro' Jumbo 175

Quantock Nettle 174

Quiz 33

Quorn Hounds, The 31

R.

Rabbit Coursing 127, 130

„ ,, in a cellar 128

Rabies ... ., 202

Raby Mixer 82

Raby Reckon 82

Raby Tyrant 82

Rachel ... 75

Radiance 76

Raffle 76

Index. 233

Ragman (otter hound) page 142

Ragman (terrier) ... •„ 55

Rail 10, n

Raillery ... 76

Raper, Mr. G. (his Kennel) 82

Rattler (The dreaded) 67,98

Reckon 76

Redmond, Mr. Francis (his Kennel) 38, 80

Reed, Mr. John 69

Registration ... ... 93

Reid, Mr. Percy 176

Reinagle (Painter) 19

Remus 12

Renard ... 62. 105

Result ... 75, 99, 107

Richardson, Mr. G. F 167

Richmond Delta 82

Richmond Jack 35, 102, 103

Richmond Liqueur 102

Richmond Olive 82, 102

Richmond Sanctum 83

Riot 70, 116

Risk 41

Rival 33, 53

Rivet 70

Robson, Mr. Jacob 51

Rosemary ... 76

Ruby ... 41

Ruff ord, The ... 28,31

" Runner," An eccentric 50

" Rural Sports " (Daniel's) 15

" Rural Sports " (see " Stonehenge ")

Russel, The Rev. John ... 42, 126, 144, 152, 154

RussleyToff ... - 180

Rustic Marvel ; 178

Rutherford, The Messrs. (New York) 96

Rydale Pattern , , 178

234 Index.

s.

St. Vitus' Dance Page 19^

Sale, Mr. Fred ... ... 33, 41, 55

Sam 41,56

Sample, 77

Sandell, The late Mr. Edward... 97

Sanderson, Mr. Gordon 149

Sarsfield, Mr. W 33,55

Sarcogen 72

Satire 57

Schrieber, Mr. W. H. B 147

Scorcher 178

Scott,Mr.T.H 73

Scottish Fox Terrier Club 219

Sheffield and Hallamshire Fox Terrier Club 219

Shepherd, Mr. Beverley 56

Sherbourne Hound Show 170

Shirley, Mr. S. E 151,176

Shore, Mr. J.H 66

Show Dogs and Foxes 118

Show Dogs and Badgers ... 123

Show, Preparing for 206

Shropshire Fox Terrier Club 219

Sir Douglas (Dandie Dinmont) ... ...... 145

Six Good Dogs ... 107

Size of Modern Terriers ... •*• 136

Slingsbys, The 42

Smith, The late Mr. S. W .... 33,62

Snap (Mr. Whittle's) 60

Sore Eyes 199

Sore Feet 199

Southdown Fox Terrier Club 219

Southwell, Mr. E. M 82

Spice 33> 77> 83, 102

Splinter 167

" Sporting Dictionary " 14

" Sportsman's Cabinet " 19

Index. 235

Spot (Basset's) — .... ... page 59

Spot (Fell's) ... ... 56

Spot (Underwood's) 68

Spot (C. Littleworth's) ... 126

Spratts Patent (Medicines, Foods, &c.) 191, 199, 203

Spruce 115

Statter, Mr. G. F 54

Stephens, Mr. S. J. (his kennel) 89

Stevenson, Mr. (Chester) 29, 35

Sting (Handley's) 39

Stipendiary 80,90

" Stonehenge " (Mr. J. H. Walsh) 18,20,28,41,151

Strutt's " Sports and Pastimes " ... 4

StudBooks 188

Sunfield Frost 178

Superfoetation 205

Surety 82

Surrey Janet 178

Sutton Viola ... 82

T.

Taplin's Sporting Dictionary 21

Tartar... 103

Tartar, Old 31, 34

Teazle 168

Tees Nap 174

Tees Topper 174

Ten Best Terriers .... loi.etseg.

Terrier and Boy 193

Terrier circumventing a Fox 156

Terriers on Grouse Moors 117

Terriers, Price of, in 1803 15

Terriers and Badgers 120, 147

Terriers, " Walking " 194

Thayer, Mr. E. J. (New York) 96

Themis 33

Thorn 167

236 Index.

Thurnall, Mr. page 176

Tickham, The ,... 36

Tidy ... ... ... 117

Timothy Foiler 170

Tinne", Mr. J. C. (his Kennel) 80

Tip (Hitchcock's) 36

Tip (Bassett's) 133

Tip (Wire-haired) ... 150, 156

Tip (Shirley's) 167

Tipton Slasher 177

Toiler 168

Tom (Murchison's) 67

Tom Firr 114

Toomer, Mr. F. W 180

Topper 167

Topsy ... 41

" Tortoise Shell" Heads 26

Tory 54

Touch 35

Trafford, Sir H. de 176, 177, 178

Trap 29, 31, 33, 37

Trap marked ... 37

Tramp ...... 153

Treatment during Breeding 187

Trick 170

Tricksey 62

Trimmer 28, 33, 40, 53

Trimmer, Grove 67

Trimmer II 68

Trinket 66

Trumps ... 40, 66

Turco ... 62,105

Turk 66,146

Turk (Mr. Colmore's) ... 167

Turner, Mr. Luke (his Kennel) 33, 62, 83, 177

Twyford, T. \Y 81

Tyke ... 40,63,66,103

Index. :2 3 7

Tyndale Hounds, The page 44,71

Tyrant, Old . ... ... 33,39,102

Tyrant IV 87

Ullswater Hounds, The ... ... ... ... ... ... 51

V.

Valeria 122

Valuable Prizes ... 62

Valuer ... 178

Van Walchren, Mrs 89

Valteline 89

Vandal ... -. 105

Vanity ... 58

Varmint ... ... 60

Vassal ... ... 41, 56

Vedette ... ... 122

Velocity ... 178

Vengeance 67

Veni 122

Venilia 88

Venio ... 81,87,88,99,104,107,133

Venom 29, 71

Venom's Peculiar Litter of Puppies 205

Venture .... -. 57, 65, 149, 150

Vertagris or Tumbler, The .... 10

Vesuvienne ... ... ... 75,88,99,104,107,133

Vexer , ... -,,. .... 55, 58

Vicary, Mr. R. (his Kennels, &c.) 67, .75, 87, 99, 106, 114, 119

Vicary, Mr. R., his opinions -... •.- 119

Vic (O'Grady's) ,,, .,,. 52

Vice Regal ..... •„. .,,. ... 88,90,92,104

Vicety .... ... .... .... .... 89

Victor 1 68

Victor Chief ... -,,. •„. .„ 122

Vigilant 67

238 Index.

Viking page 72

Violet 40

Viper (Shore's) 66

Viper (Weaver's) 35

Visigoth 88

Vora 169

Vyner, Mr. 43

W.

Waddington, Mr. F 168

Walker, The late Mr. John 44

" Walking " Terriers 194

Walsh, Mr. J. H. (see " Stonehenge ").

Ward, Mr 151

Wardle, Mr. Arthur 65,86,88

Warren, Mr. G. H 60

Washing Dogs 206

Wasp 150

Weight (classes divided by) 59

Welburn, Mr. E., Formation of his Kennels 176, 179

Welburn's, Mr. E., " Prize Description " 112

Wellingboro' Teaser and Judy 178, 179

Wharton, Mr. C. W ...172,176

Whipp, Mr. T. (his kennels) 89

Whippets 130

Whiskey (Mr. Ben Cox's) 59

White, Mr. (Sherwood Rise) 74

White, The late Capt 47

White Violet 40

Whichcote, Sir Thomas 85

Whitemore, Mr. G 126

Whittle, Mr. J. R 60

William de Foxhunte 13

Willie 126

Wire-haired Terriers, Owners of best, 1 8 1

Wire-hairs in Nottingham 144

Wire-hairs, Gameness of 145

Index.

239

Wootton, Mr. Thomas page 29, 74, 150

Worms, Cures for 195

Worry 41

Wynn, Sir Watkin 44

X.

X.L 73

Y.

"Yellows" (Inflammation of the Liver) 199

Young Broom 167

York Fox Terrier Club 219

York Terrier Show . .168

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from grease and smell."

Rev. W. J. Mellor says : " I consider your Lotion an excellent remedy for red mange
and blotch ; only had occasion to use it twice; both cases it effected a perfect cure in a
very short time.''

Mr. T. Webber says : " Your Lotion has cured my dogs, and I most strongly re-
commend it to every sportsman."

Mr. W. D. Duncan says: "Elias Bishop's Mange Lotion. I have found it the best
remedy I have ever tried, and that out of a good many. If the heat which he sees is treated
with it in time, he will have little trouble in soon making it disappear, but even in very-
bad cases I have never found it fail. I first tried it on a mare that was very bad, and my
V.S. could do nothing for her ; that is, everything he tried failed. I told him I had
Bishop's Lotion, and I tried it on one side; he went on with his treatment on the other
side of her. In a week my side was nearly well, and his not one bit better ; so we then
used it on both sides, and in a short time she was all right, and has never been troubled
with it again, whereas before that every spring she used to break out with it. With dogs
I never have any cases bad, as I always take it in time, and I feel sure if J. C. has not
tried it he will soon have his kennel all right if he will use the Lotion ; there is very little
trouble with it."

Mr. Edgar Hanbury says: "I have just made the most successful cure I have ever
taken in hand by the use of your valuable Lotion, in the case of a mastiff bitch, which
came to me some months ago sadly infected with mange; so badly, in fact, that I once
thought it was almost hopeless ; but, by following all your directions to the letter, and
paying great attention to her diet, &c., she is now perfectly recovered, and her coat is like
silk, and I have every reason to think that she will not be troubled with it again. I could
mention many other instances of obstinate mange where I have met with the same result,
but the above is decidedly the worst that I have ever come across, and proves the wonderful
power of your mixture. Prav make use of these remarks in any way you like."

Miss M. Norton says : " Some time ago you sent me a quart of your Lotion to put on
cur little black and tan terrier. I am very glad to say it has quite cured him, and instead
of him having hardly any coat, he has now got a thick glossy one. Our vet. here told us
that the dog could not be cured, and that we had better kill him ; he described the disease
as ' eczema.' We shall always recommend your Lotion with great pleasure, again
thanking you very much."

Mr. V'ero Shaw says : " I have tried the Mange Lotion I had from you the other day,
and it has acted like magic upon a couple of greyhounds which had mange badly, and
upon which a number of the usual remedies had had no effect. As long as I keep dogs I
never shall be without some of your Mange Lotion on the premises, and shall recommend
it to my friends. You are quite at liberty to make any use you like of this."

•Advertisements.

THE LIVE STOCK AGENCY

Established 1887.

ITALIAN GREYHOUNDS.
PRINCE CHARMING, PRINCESS ZETA, AND THE LADY GRACE.

The property of Mrs. F. E. Anstice.

THE LIVE STOCK AGENCY PROCURES

EVERY DESCRIPTION OF

PET, also SPORTING DOG,

INCLUDING

Italian Greyhounds, King Charles and Blenheim Spaniels, Black and Tan,

Fox, Dandie Dinmont, Irish, Scotch, Maltese, and Yorkshire Terriers,

Pugs, Bulldogs, Bloodhounds, Boarhounds, Pomeranians, Poodles, Collies,

Borzois, Dachshunds, St. Bernards, Mastiffs, &c., &c., and

EVERY SPECIES of ANIMAL or BIRD.

CATTLE, SHEEP, HORSES, PONIES, and LIVE STOCK of every
kind PROCURED for home OP shipped abroad,

Address the Manager,
WESTMINSTER CHAMBERS, 3, VICTORIA STREET, LONDON, S.W.

BANKERS THE LONDON JOINT STOCK.

Live Stool* Sales Attended.

STUD ITALIAN GREYHOUNDS AND POMERANIANS.

Advertisements.

NALDIRE'S

PRIZE MEDAL

DOG SOAP

(Free from Carbolic Acid and all other poisons}.

Destroys all Irritating Insects, Removes Doggy Smell,

Improves the Coat, and
leaves the Animal a Refreshed and Happy Dog.

" Naldire's Soap is harmless to dogs, but fatal to fleas." — FRANK BUCKLAND.

NALDIRE'S PRIZE MEDAL SOAP,

Of CHEMISTS, PERFUMERS, or STORES.

SYMPTOMS

OF
WORMS

Unhealthy appearance of Coat, hair looking
dead and not lying smoothly, condition
bad although appetite good, spirits dull,
nose hot and dry, and breath offensive.

NALDIRE'S
WORM POWDERS

Remove these Pests "within one hour ; also give

tone to the stomach, and produce

first-rate condition in Dogs.

DOGS.

Worms
in a
Fox

Terrier.

The Cottage, Sandhills,

Walsall, March 3, 1887.
Please send me one of Naldire's
Worm Powders. I consider them
splendid. I had a fox terrier almost
dead last Sunday, and got one of your
powders from a friend, and in 15
minutes after the dog had it he passed
a tapeworm almost 6oft. in length.

FRANK J. BRAWN.

NALDIRE'S WORM POWDERS

Are sold by all Chemists.
In Packets, is., 2s., 35. 6tf., and 55.
With full directions for use.

each.

.Advertisements.

BOULTON & PAUL, NORWICH

THE ORIGINAL MAKERS OF KENNELS & KENNEL REQUISITES.
No. 122. Kennels with runs for Terriers.

_

CASH PRICE, CARRIAGE PAID.

Two Kennels and runs as shown above, each Kennel 4ft. by <£ s. d.

2ft. 9in., and each run 6ft. by 4ft ................... 7 10 0

Four Kennels and runs ........................... 1410 0

Six Kennels and runs .............................. 21 0 0

COMPOSITE KENNEL for TERRIERS.

CASH PRICE, CARRIAGE PAID

No. 89. House and yard,
as illustrated, 8ft. long
by 3ft. Gin. wide by 4ft.
high ......... £4 10

No. 81. Eetriever size £Q 0

No. 80. Single house and
yard for Mastiffs,
&c .......... £7

Wood Batten Floors for yards, 10/-,
15/- and. 20/- respectively extra.

No. 93. Registered Kennel.

NOTE.— These Kennels cannot be compared with the
cheap class of Kennels advertised.

REDUCED CASH PRICES, INCLUDING REGIS-
TERED SLIDING BENCH.

Lth. Wth. Ht.
ft.in. ft.in. ft.in. £ s. d.
For Terriers ............ 2 61425 110

For Colleys, Spaniels, or

Eetrievers ............ 36 23 34 1 12 1

For St. Bernards or Mastiffs 46 28 46 2 15 0
Chains and Collars not supplied. Feeding Pan as shown
attached to Kennel, 8/- each. If on Castors, 7/6 extra.

Send for Illustrated < atalot/tie, free on application.

ONLY THE BEST MATERIAL AND WORKMANSHIP USED, BEWARE OF IMITATORS.

Aclvertistments.

DINNEFORD'S

HOUND IQLOVE.

Unrivalled for producing a healthy, sleek, and glossy
surface on the coats of Greyhounds, Foxhounds, Harriers,
wire-haired, and smooth-coated Dogs.

Price 5$., Free by Post.

DINNEFORD & CO., Manufacturers,
180, NEW BOND STKEET, LONDON, W.

DOG PILLS.

HIND'S ALTERATIVE PILLS for preventing DISTEMPER,
and getting DOGS into SHOW CONDITION, are
unrivalled. W. W. Thompson, Esq., writes : " I consider your
pills for getting dogs into condition most excellent. I have given
them a good trial." R. Hood-Wright, Esq., writes : " I have
never had a single case of distemper amongst my Deerhounds
since I used them." In addition to the above, the following,
amongst a long list of well-known gentlemen, have signified their
entire approval of them : H. Ralph, Esq., T. Easton, Esq.,
G. Cartmel, Esq., R. B. Lee, Esq. Sold in boxes, »is. id.
2s. 6d., and $s. post free. Worm Powders, a safe and cheap
vermifuge for dogs, sold in packets, free by post, is. id., by
HIND, Chemist, Kendal.

N.B. — The pills are made in two sizes, for dogs under i5lb.
weight and puppies ; the smaller ones are the best.

A dvertisements.

69 MEDALS AND OTHER AWARDS.

DIRECTIONS FOR THE USE OF

"Jeyes' Fluid."

DOGS.

To keep Dogs In perfect health, free from objectionable odour,
fleas, &c., wash them weekly, as follows:

BATH. — Mix, in the proportion of I to 80, " Jeyes' Fluid" with water

(say one teaspoonful to a pint). Temperature should be moderately

warm. Immerse the dog. Use Jeyes' Dog Soap.
LOCAL TREATMENT.— Use an Emulsion double the above

strength. Apply with a sponge.
WOUNDS AND SORES.— Treat as above, and afterwards anoint

with Jeyes' Veterinary Ointment.

N.B. — Jeyes' Fluid and Ointment are quite harmless, therefore

dogs may lick themselves with impunity — perhaps with advantage.
DISEASES are arrested and prevented by the above treatment.
DISTEMPER. — Keep the animal warm and dry, and in even tempera-
ture. Bathe eyes and nose with weak solution (i to 200). Don't

wash him. Sprinkle Jeyes' Powder or Jeyes' Sawdust in kennel.
ECZEMA. — Wash or bathe as above directed, and use Jeyes' Veterinary

Ointment.
LICE. — A second bath, at an interval of a wee-k, will rid the dog of all

trace of this pest.
MANGE. — Bathe the parts affected with a warm solution daily, and

afterwards anoint with Jeyes' Veterinary Ointment. The hair will

soon grow again.
SKIN DISEASES.— Perfect cleanliness is to be secured by the above

treatment It is a certain cure.
PARASITES, externally.— Wash the dog as already directed.

Repeat the operation a week later in case any nits have survived the

first bath

PARASITES, internally. Also WO RMS. -A few drops of

the Fluid in water will be found a perfectly safe and effectual cure.

CAUTION. — Be sure the fluid is really "Jeyes," and avoid all imita-
tions, as also carbolic acid, which is an irritant poison.

KENNELS. — Flush out regularly with a solution I part "Jeyes '' to 40
parts water ; occasionally stronger. Afterwards sprinkle with Jeyes'
Powder or Jeyes' Sawdust ; especially in the corners.

JEYES' SANITARY COMPOUNDS Co., Ltd.,

43, CANNON STREET, LONDON, E.G. WORKS— PLAISTOW, E.

A

CATALOGUE OF BOOKS

PUBLISHED BY

HORACE COX.

Demy Sro., icith Illustrations by Arthur Wardle, price 155., by post 15*. Gd.
A

HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION

OF THE

MODKRK DOGS

or

0rtat Britain attir Maitir.

BY

B.

Kennel Editor of " The Field," Author of the "Histories of the Fox Terrier,
"Collies," <fec.

SPORTING DIVISION.

Noiv ready, price 10s. Qd., by the same Author,

THE NON=SPORTING DIVISION OF THE

Modern Dogs of Great Britain & Ireland,

Illustrated in Collotype, from Drawings by Arthur Wardle.

Also, now ready, price 10s. Qd., by the same Author,

The TERRIERS of GREAT BRITAIN & IRELAND.

Illustrated in Collotype, from Drawings "by Arthur Wardle.

The Volumes are well printed, the Illustrations are full page on
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highest quality.

"THE FIELD" OFFICE, BREAM'S BUTLDINGS, LONDON. E.G.

A CATALOGUE OF BOOKS.

Demy 8vo., printed on plate paper, with Illustrations by Arthur
Wardle, price 3s. 6d., by post 3s. lid.

A HISTORY AND DESCRIPTION

OF THE

COLLIE OR SHEEP DOG,

HIS BRITISH VARIETIES.
RAWDON B. LEE,

Kennel Editor of " The Field," and Author of " The Fox Terrier.

A FEW COPIES ON LAKGE PAPER. Price 10s. 6d., by post 11s.

FIFTH EDITION,

Re-written, with additions and new full-page Engravings. In one
volume, bevelled boards, gilt edges, price 15s., by post 15s. 9d.

THE

DOGS OF THE BRITISH ISLANDS :

BEING

A SEEIES OF ARTICLES

ON

THE POINTS OP THEIR VARIOUS BREEDS

AND

THE TREATMENT OF THE DISEASES TO WHICH
THEY AEE SUBJECT.

EEPBINTED FKOM « THE FIELD " NEWSPAPEE.
BY THE LATE

J. H. W-^LSH,

" STONEHENGE," EDITOR OF " THE FIELD."
(WITH THE AID OF SEVERAL EXPERIENCED BREEDERS.)

Now ready, price 5s., Vol. 77.
rpHE COURSING CALENDAR, for the Winter Season

-*- 1894-95, containing Eeturns of the Principal Public Courses run in Great
Britain and Ireland ; a revised List of Addresses of Coursing Secretaries, Judges,
Slippers, and Trainers ; Greyhound Sales, and Waterloo Cup Nominators for 1895.
Edited by B. C. EVELEGH (" Allan-a-Dale ").

"THE FIELD" OFFICE, BREAM'S BUILDINGS, LONDON, E.G.

A CATALOGUE OP BOOKS

Price os.

PUBLISHED CNDEK THE AUTHORITY OF THE NATIONAL
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THE

GREYHOUND STUD BOOK,

(Vol. XIII.)

Compiled by W. F. LAMONBY

(KEEPER OF THE "STUD BOOK").

CONTENTS.

Index of 4346 Greyhounds registered, and Addresses of their Owners — Eegister
of Litters under the Rule which came in force on Jan. 1 last — List of Sires and
the Bitches that have whelped to them under the same Eule — Eeview of Last
Season's Coursing, by "Dromas," interspersed with several portraits of leading
coursers — Statistics of Winning Strains — Tabulated Pedigrees, and Index of
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Winners, Dividers, and Eunners-up for all Stakes during the preceding season,
and other important matter.

PUBLISHED ANNUALLY. In large post 8vo.
THE

KENNEL CLUB STUD BOOK:

CONTAINING A COMPLETE

RECORD OF DOG SHOWS AND FIELD TRIALS,

WITH PEDIGREES OF SPORTING AND NON-SPORTING DOGS.

Vol. I., from 1859 to 1873, price 12s. 6d., by post 13s.

PRICE 10s. 6d., BY POST 10s. lOd. EACH —

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Vol. XVII., 1889 ; Vol. XVIII., 1890 ; Vol. XIX., 1891 ;

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SECOND EDITION. Bound together in doth, gilt edges, price 6d., by post Id.
THE

RULES OF PIGEON SHOOTING.

PUBLISHED BY SPECIAL PEEMISSION,

THE HURLINGHAM CLUB AND THE GUN CLUB
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PUBLISHED BY HORACE COX.

In handy pocket size, price Is. 6d., by post Is. Id.

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FOR THE

EEGISTEEING OF GAME SHOT, MEMORANDA OF SALE, &c.
By I. E. B. C.,

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THIRD EDITION, ENLARGED AND REVISED.

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THE COUNTRY HOUSE.

A COLLECTION OF USEFUL INFOEMATION AND EECIPES,

Adapted to the Country Gentleman and his Household, and of the greatest utility
to the Housekeeper generally.

By I. E. B. C.,

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Crown Svo., price Is., by post Is. 2d., in Coloured Wrapper, and Page
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TWENTY-SIX YEARS' REMINISCENCES

OF

QPflTPU PPflllQE MflflRQ
obulun bnUUot IVIUuno.

CONTENTS.

Seasons 1863 to 1888— A Hare Day— Remarks on the Outcome of
Disease — Heather-Burning and Draining— Surface Draining — Dogs —
Disease — Wildfowl — Conclusion — Summary.

Demy 8vo., price 2s., by post 2s. 2d.
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SPORTSMAN'S VADE-MECUM

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CONTAINING

OIV SHOOTING-, CA-M!!5 LIFE, <Scc.

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MODERN WILDFOWLING.

BY

LEWIS CLEMENT,

" WlLDFOWLEH."

OPINIONS OF THE PRESS.

"An excellent work indeed, and full of capital illustrations, is 'Modern
Wildf owling ; ' to recommend it aright I should have, if I were clever enough, and
it did not already exist, to invent the famous phrase, ' a book no gentleman's
library should be without.' "—Truth, March 17, 1881.

" This book deals not only with the various modes of approaching, or decoying,
and killing wildfowl of all kinds, but enters into minute details upon the construc-
tion of punts, both single and double handed; sails; punt guns, muzzle-loading
as well as breechloading ; recoil apparatus ; and shoulder guns of all patterns,
with the varying loads required for different bores. In addition to this are several
chapters devoted to a narration of the adventures of the author while in pursuit

of wildfowl, both at home and abroad— which are very pleasant reading

With the addition of a good index, sportsmen will have in this work a capital vade
mecum on the art of wildfowling."— The Zoologist for November, 1880.

Crown Svo., price 2s. 6d., by post 2s. 8d.

HARK HUNTING.

BY

" TANTARA."

(A MASTEE OF HARRIERS.)

Demy 4to., with 12 full-page Illustrations, some of which contain Portraits of
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SPORTING SKETCHES

WITH

PEN AND PENCIL.

BY THE LATE

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PUBLISHED ANNUALLY. Demy 4>to., price Is., by post Is. 3d.

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THE

MODERN SPORTSMAN'S
GUN AND RIFLE,

INCLUDING

GAME AND WILDFOWL GUNS, SPORTING AND MATCH RIFLES
AND REVOLVERS,

IN TWO VOLUMES.

Vol. I.— Game and Wildfowl Guns.
Vol. II.— The Rifle and Revolver.

By the late J. H. WALSH,

" STONEHENGE," EDITOR OF " THE FIELD,"

Author of "Dogs of the British Islands," "The Greyhound," "British Kural
Sports," <fec.

Royal Svo., price 10s. 6d., by post Us.

HORSE BREEDING RECOLLECTIONS,

BY

COUNT G. LEHNDORFF.

CONTAINING :

Notes on the Breeding of Thoroughbreds — In-breeding and Out-
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Fcap. 8vo., cloth lettered, price 3s. 6d.

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HOUSE.

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"• THE FIELD " OFFICE, BREAM'S BUILDINGS, LONDON, B.C.

A CATALOGUE OF BOOKS

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BORES AND LOADS FOR SPORTING GUIS

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By W. A. ADAMS

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TATTERSALL'S RULES ON BETTING,

WITH EXPLANATOEY NOTES AND COMMENTS,

Containing an Account of Cases decided by Tattersall's Committee, with a Copious
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OP "THE FIELD."
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HORKS AKD HOOFS;

OR,

CHAPTERS ON HOOFED ANIMALS.
By R. LYDEKKER.

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PUBLISHED BVT HORACE COX.

VOLUMES 1. and II. (containing Parts I. to VI.), in crown Svo.,
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THE

HUNTING COUNTRIES

OF

ENGLAND,

THEIR FACILITIES, CHARACTER, AND REQUIREMENTS.

A GUIDE TO HUNTING MEN.

By "BROOKSB Y."

CONTENTS.

PAKT I.— Introduction— The Belvoir— The South Wold— The Brockiesby—
The Burton and The Blankney— The Fitzwilliam— The Quorn— The Cottesmore—
The Puckeridge— The Old Berkeley.

PART II.— The North Warwickshire— The Pytchley— The Woodland Py tchley
—The Atherstone— The Billesdon or South Quorn— The Meynell— The Bicester and
Warden Hill Hunt— The Heythrop— The Old Berkshire— The South Oxfordshire—
The South Nottinghamshire— The East Kent— The Tickham— The Vine— The
South Berkshire— Mr. Garth's— The H. H.— The Tedworth— Lord Ferrers'— The
Warwickshire.

PART III.— The Dulverton— The Stars of the West— Mr. Luttrell's— Lord
Portsmouth's— The Essex and the Essex Union— The Hertfordshire— The Whaddon
Chase— The Vale of White Horse— The Cheshire and South Cheshire— The Black-
moor Vale— The Cambridgeshire— The Duke of Grafton's— The Holderness— The
Oakley— The North Herefordshire— The Duke of Buccleuch's— The Tynedale—
Lord Percy's— The Morpeth— The Bufford.

Also (VOLUME II.)

PART IV.— The Badsworth— The Southdown— The East Essex— The Bram-
ham Moor— The East Sussex— The Essex and Suffolk— The York and Ainsty— Lord
Fitzwilliam's— The Crawley and Horsham— The West Kent— Sir Watkin Wynn's
—The Hursley— The Hambledon— Lord Coventry's— The Grove— The West Norfolk
—The Bedale— Lord Zetland's— The Craven— The Surrey Union.

PA.RT V.— The Old Surrey— Mr. Kichard Combe's— The Burstow— The Hur-
worth— The Cattistock— The Suffolk— The Shropshire— The Earl of Eadnor's— Capt
Hon. F. Johnstone's — The South Durham — The Worcestershire — The Ledbury —
The South Herefordshire— The South Staffordshire— The North Staffordshire— The
Duke of Beaufort's— The Cotswold— The Dumfriesshire— The Albrighton— The
North Cotswold.

PART VI.— Lord Middleton's— The Sinnington— The Wheatland— The United
Pack — The Chiddingfold — Lord Fitzhardinge's — Hon. Mark Kolle's — South-and-
West Wilts— Lord Portmau's— The Cleveland— The North Durham— Braes of
Derwent — The lladnorshire and West Hereford — The Monmouthshire.

Each Part is published separately, price 2s. 6d.
"THE FIELD" OFFICE, BREAM'S BUILDINGS, LONDON, E.C.

^Advertisements.

rthwaite's

THE ONLY BISCUITS
WHICH ALL DOGS LIKE
AND EAT READILY.

Mr. J. G. HARVEY, Huntsman to
Her Majesty, writes : " I must say
for hounds I would not be without
them."

17s. per cwt. ; J-cwt., Qs.

IMPERIALIST FIBRE
DOG CAKES,

Used in many Kennels alternately
with Garthwaite's Fish Biscuits.

17s. per cwt. ; J-cwt., 9s.

HOUND MEAE.

17s. per cwt. ; §-cwt., Qs.

Above prices include Carriage.
Special quotations for quantities.

Pamphlet, ivith particulars and testi-
monials, post free.

The Fish Biscuit Co, Ltd,,

GRIIYISBY.

TELEGRAMS TO KNIPTON, GRANTHAIYI.

PORTERAGE 60.

FRANK GILLARD, BELVOIR KENNELS,

Excellent Testimonials from all parts of the Country.

GILLARD'S COMPOUND,

FOR DISTEMPER IN DOGS.

A SAFE AND EFFICIENT REMEDY.

Sold in bottles, 2s. gd. each. Three bottles, js. 6d. One dozen bottles, 255.

Forwarded by post on receipt of P.O.O., made payable at Grantham.

GILLARD'S SPECIFIC,

FOR JAUNDICE IN DOGS,

Is found invaluable, and can be obtained in bottles at 3$. each.

DOG CAKES

«« STIPENDIARY."

Read Owner's Unsolicited Testimony to

SPRATT'S PATENT
DOG CAKES.

ACTON Fox TERRIER KENNELS, THE LODGE, EAST ACTON.

May 5M, 1894.
11 My brother Fanciers often ask me how I feed my Dogs. I answer

SPRATT'S PATENT DOG CAKES,

and let exercise do the rest.

" I enclose you a photo of ' STIPENDIARY,' the King of Terriers, whom I feed
entirely on your Biscuits. When I tell you that he has sired upwards of ^20,000 worth
of Terriers you may understand that he is quite the father of his people."

To SPRATT'S PATENT LIMITED. S. J. STEPHENS.

''THE DOG FROM PUPPY HOOD TO AGE." by Dr. Gordon Stables,

Post Free for One Stamp.

Pamphlets on DOG DISEASES, POULTRY; PIGEON, RABBIT, or CANARY REARING,
Mailed Post Free to any part of the World.

SPRATT'S PATENT LIMITED, BERMONDSEY, LONDON, S.E.

95/J/5

,

THIS BOOK IS DUE ON THE LAST DATE
STAMPED BELOW

AN INITIAL FINE OF 25 CENTS

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THIS BOOK ON THE DATE DUE. THE PENALTY
WILL INCREASE TO SO CENTS ON THE FOURTH
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OVERDUE.

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