Full text of "A history of the College of Engineering of the University of Illinois 1868-1945"

L I B RAPCY 

OF THE 

UNIVERSITY 

or ILLI NOI5 



c 

IZeSEba 
V.2 
cop, 8 



ILLINOIS HISTORY SURVEY 
LIBRARY 



A HISTORY OF 
THE COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING 

OF THE 

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 
1868-1945 

Part II 



BY 

IRA O. BAKER, C.E.74 

Late Professor of Civil Engineering, Emeritus 

AND 

EVERETT E. KING 

Professor of Railway Civil Engineering, Emeritus 



URBANA, ILLINOIS 



C. 555 

V, tU CHi\FT3R XIX f^^^ 

^^t£' DIVISIOi: OF CHIlilCAL EUC-IiSSHIHG 
General.- Because nuch of the research -.vork done ty the Division of Chcmicp.1 
Engineering, or Division of Industrial Chcnistry. as it ^'as originally called, 
of the Departnent of Ghenistry of the Oolle.-e of Liberal Arts a..d Sciences is 
directed .xai fin.ancod hy the Snginoerins Experiucnt Station of the College of 
En^incurin,;, some nention of this phase of its activities is included here in 

the folio '.vine pni^cs. 

A. DEVEL^FMEIIT OF LASORATORY FACILITIES 
Oom B^c perinental Laborat ories^ When the Bn.^ineerin.- Experinent Station was 
established in 1903. or '..-ithin a conparativly short tine thereafter. investi,,atio 
.ere under v.ay by the division of Industri-^,1 Ghenistry on the cokin,: of coal 
at lov; tenpuraturcs. o"n the -.veatherin,. and spontaneous combustion of coal, and 
on a study of occluded ,,ases in coal of all types fron the f reshly-nined sn^ples 
to old and .reathered forns. The usual laboratory equip.iont . such as coal 
calorimeters and ^as-.u.alysis apparatus. ..s available for carrying on these 
■ tests. In order to conduct sonc of the cxpcrii.ents. particularly the v.ork 
rol-^ting to the cohin., of coal' and a, study of the by-products, a special in- 
.vestigational plant .as set up in the boiler roon of the Boneyard Po'..er Plant, 
.here tests wore nado on s,a;.ples of Illinois. K.ntuck,s and eastern coals. This 
oquipnent consisted of a grinder to prcp-.re the coal, an oven that .as rebuilt 
"V frou tine to tir.e to provide different conditions, and a mnber of ^as t.uiks. in 
l| addition to the c.alorineters and chcuical app^xratus nentioned above. 

i' I,o.-Prcssuro Laboratories.- Experimental :.ork rolatin,; to the study of the 
("^ enbrittling action of wat^r on boiler plate was be.^n at the University in 1912. 
^ and has been carried on alnost continuously to the present tino. Xn the a«^rly 
^^ ^ 192G's th.-rc vras erected a snail wooden structure bet-vcen the street railvmy 

tracks and the Boneyard east of Good.in Avenue which has been knovm as the low 
pressure Research Buildin,. This laboratory was equipped with fifty units for 



.X o 



556 
n.kin,T cn^rittler.cnt tests of boiler-.vntor sronplcs and v,-ith/tnall hich-prcssurc 
test boiler cpnble of ^encr-tinc ste.-u. ..t pressures up te 3.200 pounds a square 
inch .-jid of superheat inf the stoaii it f-enorates. 

When the Abbott Power Plant v;as conpleted in 19^0. a laboratory r.as fitted 
there no that tests pertaining to boiler feod-'.7atcr could be run at sterai 
pressures up to 350 pounds a square inch -dth stcar.i supplied directly frou the 
pov;cr-plant boilers. The apparatus is arranged for conducting; experinents on the 
ste-.;-., boil.-^r feed'vatrr, ^'ind condensate return. 

Jacilitios in the lloyos Laboratory, also used in the boiler feodwatcr tests, 
h-v:. included cquipiicnt for the chcnical analysis of boilcr-v/ater samples, 
boilor-tubc deposits or scale, etc. 

Ghenical-Enrineerinr Unit Operations.- The nain bheuicnl laboratory is provided 
-'ith apparatus to dcnonstratc the principles involved in such unit oper-^.tions as 
evaporation, distillation, heat-tm^sf cr. flo',7 of liquids, dryin.-. ^filtration 
and separation, huinidif ication and dehunidification. coribustion, sedimentation, 
gas absorption and extraction, etc. The oquipnent includes pui.ips. meters, con- 
densers, evaporators, vacuuft raid shelf dryers, fract ioa.in.T colui.ms for vacuui. nnd 
pressure distillation, filter presses n^d centrifu,Tes. heat exchangers, mixers. 
i:as absorption to'.7or5, and so on. 

Ico-Frod^gctio n Laboratory.-. ^ small fr-a-.e building ',vas erected in 192S-29 bntv^een 
the Mininn Laboratory rjid the Ceraxiics Buildin.T for e:cperincntal ^7ork in ice 
production. The baildin,: -vas equipped vath cherucal facilities for the examination 
of -.-ter nnd vith a refri.:. ration m-^chinc and standard t.^.s for the production 
and h.nndlin.T of ice. The sti-ucturc -^as taken do^7n in the summer of 193^ to make 
room for the constmction of the nastallur-ical Laboratory. 

qPs-Absorption Laboratories- The c:cperimental './ork in .las absorption ',7as be.-^n a" 
about 1930. A complete pilot plant -vas inst.alled in the Matho-.s Avenue Po'7or Plnnt, 
but -ns transferred to the A^hott Po'.er Plant -.-hen that structure "ras completed in 
igUo. This equipment, used for the rocov. ry of sulphur dioxide from flue 



557 

G'lSGS under actual plant conditions and for studios in povrer f^cncration, is 
stationed in a portion of the building that has a clear hoadrooi.i extending fron 
the nain floor to the top of the throe-story structure, pemittinf^ the use of 
nodol stacks throUf-jh openings in the roof. In addition, there arc several 
specially-built ,-;as absorbers located in the Koyes Laboratory.'.- Besides all of 
this cquipnont, there is installed in the Abbott Plant a lari^e modified stack 
sinilr.r +o those constructed in one of the lartro industrial gencratin,;; stations, 
desi.^icd to servo as ;<. "'et cyclone scrubber for the purification of flue ^ases. 
Fractional-Distillation Labor^.torics.- The cxjiorii.Kmtal "ork in fractional 
distillation hp,s been carried on for a nunber of years, during -'hich tine there 
has been accumulated n-'Uiy pieces of special app-:ratus consistin : of stills, 
fractioning to'.rers and colui.ms, conA9n3(?rs and receivers, coolers and heat ex- 
chnjngers, rot-aiotors, r( flu:c heaters, /m-l vapor superheaters, 

C at aly t i c~F ro c e s s e s L abo rat o ry ^ -^ The labor; to ry provided -at the University for 
the study of catalytic processes is probably the only one operated in connection 
v/ith an educational institution. The plant, generally known locally as the high- 
pressur'. laboratory, is located in a snail v/ooden building on a plat of ground 
east of Good-;in Avenue bet'Teen the Boneyard and the railroad tr.-i.cks. The build- 
in • forucrly used for stor.igo purposes, '.vas restored to its present condition 
in 1932. 

With the facilities at hand, it is possible to investigate a s:reat nany 
different C'talytic processes on a pilot-jil-ant sc^\le ^^jid to doturnine quickly 
the oi.tir.iUT-i conditions, nr. ssures, tenperatures, concentrations, rates of flov/, 
etc. It is possible to develop pressures r.-'X.ging fron to 50,000 pounds ■', 
square inch. Autonatie eltiCtrical a] naratus has been provided to control the 
teapcr-itures, pressures, fjid other variables. There are also available in 
addition to the usual chcnicals, a number of autonatie recording devices and 
a selection of analytical equipn<?nt to speed up deterninations of inport-nt factors. 
Other appar-'tus includes autocl'^ves, catalytic generators, steel bonbs, automatic 



552 

stills, punps, gns rioters, dry and T7et test neters, ami a noder-^te supply of shop 
appliances, 

Electro-rrganic Chcnical Laboratories.- The individu-d laboratorii s, devoted to 
the field of elect ro-orf^anic chonistry, arc located in the Noycs Laboratory, and 
arc adequately furnished "ith cquipnent for snail-scale ezcpsorincntation projects. 
The Dcpartuent of Chonistry is particularly fortunate in h.-ivin^- on hand pji 
abundant supply of rare or^ianic chenicals supplied by the nanufacturcrs of such 
Materials. 

B. FACULTY PSRSONI-IEL 
Gcnt.ral.- Brief biographical sketches of faculty nonbcrs above the nrade of 
assistant that h-^ve been connected nith the Snfineorinc": Expcrinent Station in the 
Division of Industrial Chenistry, or as it is no'.v called the Division of Chcnical 
Enf^inoerinf , in the Dopartiicnt of Chenistry in the Colle/x of Science or the 
Collef^c of Liberal Arts and Sciences, are listed in the following'; paces in 
chronolordcal order accordinc to rank, 

a. ■ .HEADS OF THE DIVISION 
G-enerp-1.- ^ S.anuel Wilpun Farr was Head of the Division of Industrial Chenistry, 
or Chcnic'>l Enj^ine ;rin,T as it -.'as later dcsi/Tiated, fron IS9I to I926, Donald 
Babcock Kcycs fron I926 to I9U5, ajid Henry Frascr Johnstone fron I9U5 to date. 
Brief biof'raphicpl sketches of these nen follo-j. 

Spnucl Wilson Parr v/as Taom at Granville, Illinois, on January 21, 1857» ^c 
received the B, S. dCiTrec in Chenistry at the University of Illinois in 188U and 
the M.S. decree at Cornell University in 1285, Durin/^ I9OO-OI he studied in 
Berlin ajid Zurich, He served as Instructor in Illinois Collei^c fron 1^85 to 1886 
and as Professor of Goncr-^1 Science there fron 188b to IS9I. He then Joined the 
staff at the University of Illinois as Professor of Applied Chenistry in the 
Colle,:e of Sceince, and held that title until I926, -Then ho v/as retired -.vith 
the title of P^^-ofessor of Applied Chonistry, Eneritus, He v/as a'varded the 
Honorary Sc, D. dCfiree by Lehirh University -■^nd by Illinois Colle,^e, 



559 

Professor Farr '.7as author of a textbook entitled "The Chcnical Exanination of 
Fuels, G-i.s, Water, ?ind Lubricants". He becaLie a nenber of the Executive Connittec 
of the Sncineerini'^ Sxperinont Station alnost as soon as the Station was established 
and durinr: his connection '^Ith it, he bec^iie author of three bulletins and co-authoi 
of thirteen bulletins and tv.-o circulars,- the uost outstandinf?; of his \7ork being 
related to the coking of Illinois coal. 

In connection \7ith his investi/^ations, Professor Parr patented a nuu.iber of 
scientific instruiients, anon,^ vvhich \7as the Parr peroxide calorinotcr for coal, -an 
instrunent that possessed ^^reat accur,"cy ajid that could be produced at noderate 
cost. It was widely used until I912, when he developed the netallic alloy known 
'■-s Illiun,- a conpound that is strong];, that works well under nachine tools, and 
that is irmuno to the action of nitric and sulphuric acids under hi;-:h presr^urc. 
On account of these characteristics, Professor Parr used it in the construction 
of the Illiuii bonb calorinotcr, a device that has had a wide acccpt#ince in Conner • 
•lelplants both in this country and abroad, Illiui-i alloy is widely used, also, in 
the nanufacturo of acid punps and other acid-handlinr-; aachiner;/ in chenical 
nanufacturini;^ plants, fertilizer works, and so on. 

Doctor Parr had p;vtents, too, on other carbon apparatus, on a siilphur 
photonctcr, a calorinetor for n;is, f.n oxjrf.:cn-bonb calorinetcr, a blast burner, 
and a low-tcnp>erature process for coking coal. 

After retiring, Professor Parr continued to nai:e his hone in Urbana \intil 
his death on May lb, I93I. 

DonpJd Babcock Keycs was born at Westerly, Rhode Island, on February 8, IS9I. He. 
received the B,S. degree at the University of N^w Haiipshirc in I913. the S.M. 
de:-ree at Colunbia University in I91U, and the Ph. D. degree at the University of 
California in I917, He served as chenical engineer in practice fron 191? to I926 
after which he ca.nc to tho University of Illinois as Pi-ofossor of Chenical Engineer- 
ing and Head of the Division of Chenical Engineering in th.i Collogo of Liberal 
Arts ;xnd Sci.inccs. Professor Keyes was a nenber of tho Executive Connittec of 



56o 
the Uncinoerin^ Exj-crinent Station. He is author of three; circulars and one 
reprint and is co-author of four Bulletins of the Station. His work contributed 
extensively to the fundamental knowlod/^e of oxidizing; catalysts and distillation, 
srd the Univc^rsity was very fortunate in socurin;^ Doctor Keyes for this inportant 
position. After J'-iiuary, 19^3i ^"^ spent nuch tine in Washington, B.C., in 
connection with v?ar-tii.ie production work, servin.i for a tine as Chief of the 
Chonicals Section of the Office of Troduction, Research, and Dcvclopnent, a 14.' «■:»,• 
Division of the War production Board, and later as Director of the Office itself. 
Doctor Kcyes did not return to resune his University Work, but resii^ned nt the 
end of AUi^st, 19^^, to .'<.ccept a position in industr;^. 

Hcnin^ Fraser Johnstone v;as born at Georf^eto-.m, South Carolina, on Decenber l6,1902. 
He received the 3.S, decree „t the University of the South in 1923i the M.S. 
def-rce at the University of Iowa in I925 and the Ph.D. decree there in I926. He 
served rs Assistant Professor of Ghonistry at the University of lli^issippi fron 
1926 to 1928, then he cr.ne to the University of Illinois as Rpse-rch Assistant in 
the En,";incfrinf- Sxperinent Station, H^, was nade Roscarch Associate in I929, 
Heseirch Assist.ant Professor in I93I1 Assistant PT,of8SGor in 1935. Associate r 
Professor in I936, and Professor of Chenical En^^ineerini; in 1939* ^o bec-une Head 
of the Division of Chenical Eni^ineorinc-; <-ind a nenber of the Executive Connittoe 
of the Enjineerinc E:q:orincnt Station in I9U5. Professor Johnstone is author of 
one bulletin, one circular, and one reprint, and is joint author of two bulletins 
of the Bnf-;ineerinc Expcrinent Station dealin/^ with the stud;/ of the recovery of 
sulphur dioxide fron stack .^ascs, He and his associates have been successful in 
developing several ncthods that h.-ive inportnjat coniiercial signif icnjico. His 
basic studies on absorption have also attracted international interest. Doctor 
Johnstone was honored with the Willia-n H, Walker a-vard for the Anerican Ij^stitute 
of Chenical Encineerinf]; at the annual neetin,: of the organization in Kay, 19^3. i^ 
reco Tiition of his two outstnuding papers contributed to the tmjisactions of the 
society, viz; "Distillation in a Wetted Wall Colujin", and "Hoat TraJisfer to Clouds 
of r.'-.llin.- Particles". 



56i 

ProiK, rick Gu y Stmub. (3.S., I920, University of Illinois; Ll.S,, 19L'3, .-^ndLIct. 
Z,,l'-jclc, Pennsylvnrda St.->ti; Coll..,.:c), '.7n.G Ciployed in r^L^o' rch •..-ork: in Snr'iner rinf: 
pr 'Ctict 'Lurin.- 1920-.-'l, then servc-d as InstiTictor in Pcnnsylv-ni- Stp.tc 
Collc;;t v^airin/; I92I-23, nftor 'vhich ho roturncd to pr-cticc, lie joined the staff 
of tile University of Illinois in 19?U as Speciol Hnst^rrcli Associate, and becrnjic 
Sp.ci' 1 Reso-irch. Assist-ait Profi;5sor of Chcr.ucal Uni-incorini: in 1925| Special 
Hose- rch Associ te Professor in 193b, and Special Hescarch Professor in 10^1, 
v/hich position he holi'is to d".to. Professor Straul) is author of four bulletins 
and one r^jrint an-l is joint r.uthur of t "o 'bullctiiis issued by the SnE^ineerin,;; 
ExiDcriiient Station in thu fiel'l. of boile.r-'.v-t'--r tr<^;\ti;ont for hiili-pressure boil- 
ers. It has been repe todly ;icknov;l€dixd by the utilities th;>t thr results of 
these iiavesti--->,tions hav. liter.ally s; vcd the industry i.raiy aillions of dollr-rs. 
Sherlock S-.-^np Jr.^ (3.S., I922, Princeton University; Ph. D., 1926^ Johns 
Hopkins University), -vr.s en<;a..:e'.i in chti.iical onalnoerin,: prrctic: during: I926-27, 
then joined the faculty a,t the University of Illinois in I927 as Assistant, se.rvinr 

ia turn as acs"oarch jlsseci.-'.te ■durin,-- 1925-32, -aesenrch A3v'dni>'urt-J?rf>fC'irsor durin.^ 

1932-37t Hoscarch Associ-te 

Priifussor of Cheriical Snr'inGerin;' fror, I937 to I9H1, nn'' Hcso-.rch Profossr.r fron 

19-^-l to datu. He is ^X/iaov/le'l..^. ri to be one of the; Irr-lin ■ -uthorities in the 

United St;.ti;s on rl. ctrci-ore^rriic reductions, He is author of t-ro bulletins, one 

circulrr, .-.nil t-'o reprints raid is co-^'Uthor of one bull'-'tin of tht Encinoerin,; 

3xperir:ent St-'tion. The ri,sults of his investit'lations have been nade use of 

1. :;tcnsively both in this count.-y -nd •■ bro'i'l. 

d. ASSISTANT PrlCrSSSOHS 

J.-ua-i Burks, Jr. (3.S., I92U, A.i:., 192'3, and Ph. D., 192.::, Stanford University) , 

•as Instinictor at St-niord durin.; 1927-28, then bec'i7ie Asi-.i st^nt in Chunicql 

2n •lineerin- at the University, serviuc:- in turn as Ros(;;'rch Associ.'^te durinf-; 

1929-30 ;in'l Research Assistant Professor durin.- 1930-32. He resir'nod to enf^a^c 

in ch.-nicnl cn.-ineerinf practice. He is author of three bulli^tins of the 



562 

3n;-:inGorin,;: Z:q-Grinont Stp.tion. Doctor Burks' oxporinonts very .-^rcr.tly inprovod 
tile processes of n.-muf-cture of ice, incrcasin.- the efficiency of so-c-^lled 
st'indTd pl^-.nts by as nuch as 30 percent. The results of his researches a.re 
roployed in nil prO('rrcssive ice plants in this country. 

Robert Dcv/ey Snow. (3.S., I923. M.S., 192U. and Ph. D., I926, University of Iov;a) , 
was cnployed in research v/ork in chenical en;;:incerinf practice fron I92 6 to 1929* 
He then becaiie Special Research Assistant in Cheriical Enrf. ncorinji; a,t the University 
of Illinois. Ee \7a,s uadc Special Reso'^rch Associate in 1930» '"J^fl- Special Research 
Assistant PpofesGor in 1931» He renainod '.vith the University until May, 1932, 
r/hen he left to return to en.i;incerinf3 pr-'.ctice. Professor Sno\7 is Joint author 
of one bulletin of the 3n;-inecrin^j Sxperinont Station, 

e, ASSCCIATBS 
Floyd Boatty Kobart, (B.S,, 1Q20, -ndM.S,, I92I, University of Illinois), 
scrviid as Research Assist.ant in Choi.iical Bn.-incerin!"; fron I92I to 1^5, and as 
Rese-rch Associate fron 1926 to I927. 

Alfrr.d Gr-.7ford Robertson. (3.S., I922, '^refon State Collc-'e; U.S., 192!+, and Ph. 
D., 1925, University of Wisconsin), ",va,s cnr^a^ed in research 'Tork at the California 
Institute of Technolo.^7 durin,: l^?5-27i then served as Associate Tochnolofist for 
the U.S. Buroau of Pisheries durin^: I927-29. He joined the staff at the University 
of Illinois in I929 as Special Research Assistant in Chenical En;;ineerins';. He 
bccaue Special Research Associate in I93O, and renainud in that position until 
Decenber. 1931 • ^c then .-orkcd on ri fello-Tship at Copenha/^en for a ye-n-, after 
v-'hich he 'vent into conncrcial j-ractice. 

Paul Sr-dn Peters. (A.3. , 1927, lUssouri lYesley.nn Colln,:c; M.S., I928, and 
Ph. E., 1930. University of lov/a) , served as Special Research Assistant durinr 
1930-31. 'ind as Specinl Roscarch Associate fron Soptenber, I93I, to October. I932. 
He rcGif;ned to accept a position v/ith the North Shore Coke and Chenical Gonpany. 
Ed-.vnrd Arthur Parker, (3.S,. I930, M.S., I932, and Ph. D. , I937, University of 
Illinois), served as Spucial Research Associate in Chenical EniUnecrinr fron 
September, 1939, to July. 19'4-1. 



563 

xhoo tor, xuibrose 5FnA"Dur--, ^ (3.S,, 1933i fmdM.S., I937, University of Illinois), 
.cGuj.dc'L positions in chonic-'l cncincering -.^ith the St.'vte nnd in industry iintil 
lie Joined the staff horc in September, I'jkK , as Speci-il Hesenrch Associate in 
Chaiic-d 3n,:inGC rin.:: on the couporativo invest i.;ation of Solubility of Boiler 
iV-.tors.- 

f . SFZGIiili HUSILilCH aSSIST^UITS 
Wilfrci Forrest ^Ihooler, (3.S., lyOb, Univoi-sity of E'lnsas; A.U., I909, 
University of Illinois), seized n,s First Assist.'i,nt in the Departnent of Chcnistry 
for the 3nt';ineerins-: Bxperii.ient Station durin^:; IQOS-O9 until his death on Novciber 
17. 1909. 

David j'ord I-ic r-rrlnji!!., (A. 3., I900, and. v. LI., I90I, University of K-msas; M.S., 
1903, -uid Ph. D., 1909, Y-.l.: University) , was Inst:-uctor in Chei.ustry in tho 
University of K-ms-.s durinf-; 1900-OL^ an.l Ascist^^x.t Profrssor of Chcnistry there 
^'^rinc 1903-10. He sei-ved 'is First Assistant in the Dep.'.rtnent of *henistry for 
the Iln,:;ineerin,-: Sxj^crir.ent St'ition here durinr I5IO-IG, He then bec^-uic Associa.te 
Professor of A])plied Che.iistry here. He is co-author of one bulletin cjf the 
Iin,-:iriOerin."- Uicperiaent Station. 

Thonas a^nest Layn.-, (^.3., I909, fiJidA.K., igi2, McLIa.ster University; Ph. D., 
1916, University of Illinois), served e,s Research Assistant in Chemistry during 
I917-I2. In Septeiibur, I9I8, he bocaiie Associate in Chenistry and in September, 
1920, Assistant Professc»r of Ch.nistry, He resirTied in 19c'l to ,^0 into connercaal 
'vork. 

Honcr Bussoll Duffy , (3,S., 192b, Shurtleff Collet^e; M.S., I928, University of 
Illinois), '.7-'S enployed as Special Research Assist^jit in Chenicil En<"jinecring 
fro:,i Sopteuber, 1923, to Febi-u-u-yi 1929 . 

Willi.ai L-'.-vrence Faith, (B.S., ±326, University of Maryland; M, S. , I929, njui Ph. 
D., 1932, University of Illinois), servc^d as Special Research Assistnnt in 
Chciiical Snfineerine: fron Septeuber, I93I, to January, I933. Ho is joint author 
of one bulletin of the Snirinecsrin/; Sxperir.ient Station. 



56U 
Jo soph John Picco, (3.S., 1933» I'iissouri School of llincs njid Uet-^-llm-f:::^') • wns 
Si'..:ci->1 Hcser^vch AsaiGt^'-.nt in Chuiic.-d Znrinecrin?-; hero durin,- 1933-3^. 
..l-njit Dhali-.:/' 1 Sln::h, (3.S., 1^29, .•uidM.S., I930, University of Illinois), 
boc-CiC Speci-1 Hescp^rch Assist'Uit in Chonicril 3n;,-inecrin,-' hero in Scptcnbcr, 193b. 
He rcsif-ncd in July, I9U2, Mr. Sin^Ji is author of one circulai- and is co-author 
of one bulletin of the UnfUneerinf Exporinont Station. 

Htnry / j idre'- Q-rabo'/ski , (3,S., 19'^?, University of Illinois), becaiie Sx^ecinl 
Research Assict-nt in Chi r.iicil Snrinecrinr in Septri.bor, 19^+3. ^i^t "ithdron in 
Septc-.brr, I9UU. 

SUMii.;3Y 
G-cneral.- iilthoU;;h the Division of Chenicd SniTincorin;-, or industrial Chenistry 
as it '.;as ori,;in;\lly kno'/n, is under tlic ^'cncr-d a'biini stration of the Dep-irtncnt 
of ChGiiistry in the Collei-^e of Libcrnl ^rts and Sciences, it has been very active 
in carryin;'^ on rose- rch in the Iln;'"ineerin, : 3xperiricnt Station ever fincu the 
St.'ition v/as established in I9O3. It has pr.-i.ctically an unlinitcd a-.iount of 
cquip:.u;nt ,'i.vail-ble for use, for in addition to its o\7n liberal assortnent of 
apparatus for con''aictin;: its projects, it has access to ,-ill the facilities of the 
Ii( parti.icnt of Chenistry, one of the l.'',ri:est in the c-uijjus p.rea. 

Tlie contributions n'..de by the Division to thi^ iiiprovenent of cheraical and 
elect roc'i. iiical processes resulting fron years of persistent effort on the part 
of the staff, can scarcely be re^ckoncd in nonotary v.aluos to industrial ,-iiil 
coj-uurcial or '-aniz'-tions v/ithin the State. The studies have led to i^rcator 
efficiency in opuratinr oconoi.iy nji,[ to ,•>, r.ioro effective ut iliz.-.tion of n.'^tural 
resources resultin^j in the production of better pi-oducts and services for the 
citizens of this re.-aon. 



'.QHAPTEH X2 

MISC3LLiJIS0US UTILITIES OF ENGIN3EHIHG INTZ3SST 
nEVCTSD TC UinVJIftSITY 5E5VIC3 

A. uinvzHsm heatiiig, lightiiig, aiid P'^wee plants 

G-eneral.- The University has always maintained its own heating, lighting, and 

power facilities, -for the most part in a central plant located within the cawpus 

area. Brief descriptions of these plants follow in the next few pages. 

University Hfill Central Hoating, Lighting, and Power Fl;int.- The first central 

heating plant on the cunpus was constructed in the fall of ISbl, in a one-story 

building that stood directly back of University Hall. It is described in the 

lgg2 Report of the University of Illinois"'- as follows: 

"The Boiler House is 3^ x 80- and lU feet in height of wall. Its north end 
forms the south side of the quadrangle of the main building. Its floor is de- 
pressed four feet below thn surface, and is covered with concrete. The first six 
feet of its walls are rough rubble laid in cement; the remainder of its walls is of 
old brick surfaced with new, The roof is of matched flooring covered y/ith metallic 
shingles. The interior is divided by a partition. The north end contains tv/o 
boilers, which furnish sto^yii for the main building through a six-inch pip«, . The 
capacity c'f the two boilers is 75 horsepov/er each. Rpace remains fbr a third 
boiler, when it shall bo removed from the Chemical Building. The room- also con- 
tains a small high-pressure boiler, and the steam- pump, heater, etc. The south 
end has an estimated capacity of receiving 850 tons of coal, 

"The boiler flues are taken about 6o feet under ground to the chimney, which 
is placed south of the oast wing of the main bnilding, a.nd as near as the foundatioi 
would permit. The foundation is twelve feet square, and is ten feet belov; the 
surface of the ground. With the first ten feet of the chimney above ground the 
foundation is of rough stone masonry laid in cement. The remainder of ■ the chimney 
is of brick, and is circular above tJjaioctagonal stone base. The work has been 
excellently done. The scaffolding was placed inside the chimney and when removed 
the interior surface was smoothly plastered with lime and salt. The draft proves 
to be all that could be desired. The season was so far advanced before the 
v;ork was done that it was not thou^t best to attempt the removal of the boiler- 
from the Chemical Builrling, which is therefo-re def,erred to the future, 

"One of the boilers in the new house is new, talcing the place of a condemed 
boiler from the basement of the main building. Thus far one oi" the boilers 
supplies abundant stsam, and it is hoped that the second boiler in reserve will 
give us such power f^f w-rming thi. building in extreme cold weather as has never 
before been enjoyed'^. 

"The area of the quadrangle has been noatly graded, and such T.-alks and approac.. 
havu been made about the boiler house as arc required for d.^liv- ry of coal ;ind 
other purj;;oses," 
i . Page 20S ^ 

2. la addition to the boilers in this central pi nut , thrc others all of 40 horse- 
power horizontal tubul-r -fc^rpc', -'oro inst'^ll ^d in the old Mechanical Building njid 
Drill Hall on the north c?_unpus,- one in 1290 to heat th'it building and provide 
power for the shops, ono in I292 to hen.t thr; arr.ory, and one in I895 to hoat 
Machinery Enll (How M;ichine Tool L;.borM,tory) , 



566 

Most of the "brick -asod in the construction of the truilding and chinney were 
salvaged from the old Dornitory on the north campus v/hcn it v/as razed during the 
previous summer. 

The heating capacity ■.v,,.s gradually expanded as changes '.vere made and 
new buildings were erected. A new llO-horsepowcr Sterling 'boilor was added in 
the fall of 1892 to heat the old Chemistry Building (Harker Hall) and the first 
unit of the Natural History Building, and tvro ne'J 22C-horsepo\ver Ba"bcock and 
Wilcox boilers were put in in the fall of iSg'^- to heat Engineering Hall, 

xhe building was tfiken do'./n about 1902-03 ,-sever.al years after the constructic: 
of the Boneyard plant, -and the chimney was removed in I9IO. The chimney v/as 
badly cracked and was considered dangerous. Besides, it no longer served any 
useful purpose. 

The electric-light plant was set up in the quarters occupied by the Department 
of Physics and Electrical Engineering, which was located on the ground floor of 
the oast v.dng of University Hall. Eor a short time, the pl;ijit was powered by a 
10-horsepower Atkinson-cycle gas engine procured in the summer of I89I, but be- 
cause of difficulties in operation, a 60~horsepower "Ideal" steam engine manu- 
factured by Ide and Son of Springfield was installed early in 1392. The boilor 
which supplied the ste.-im for the Ide engine was a 60-horsepower WRtor-tube 
Sterling type and '.7as sot at the same time as the steam engine In tho old boiler- 
room in the east vring of that s.ame building^ 

The electrical equipment driven from a Jackshaft, consisted of the Weston 
5-light arc lighting generator obtained in 12S6, a Thomson-Houston 300-light 
alternating-current generator, and a Thomson-Houston 35-light direct-current 
generator, both installed in Iggi. Shortly after 129I several other dynamos^ 
were added to the facilities of the Department of Physics and Slectrical Enginecrir-jr; 
although it is not clear how many of them, if ijiy, were used for central-lighting 
purposes. 



1. This boiler was also used to supplement the 110 horsepower Sterling in heating 
the Chemistry and Natuml History buildings after IS92. 

2. These are listed under Physics in Chapter XV. Previous to I291, the University 
buildings had been lighted by gas. 



567 
IliG Bonoyn.rd Central Heating, Jjig^ting, nnd ToY/or Plant.- The second central hoatin 
lighting, and po'^or plant vras constructed in 1897-1893. Tho following discussion 
of the purposes of the nev/ plant is summ.-irizcd from an article provided by 
Frofossor Jj= P. Breckenridge in flhe Technograph.^ 

The r.-.pid gro"th and developr.tmt of tho University of Illinois rendered it 
imperative thr-.t increas'Kl facilities should be installi;d for the proper heating of 
th.! buildings ■Iread.y erected on the c;vmpus. The completion of the Libra.ry during 
the sumnor of 1397 added 3»000 squ^lre feet of hot-bln.st radiation to the system. 
Lrxgoly on account of insufficient chimney draft, th(.' boiler capacity of thu old 
plrint '.vas not adequate to h-indle any increase in radi-tion. All of the -.vater of 
condcns^rtion froin.Snginer-ring Hall '7as bei»g disch/irged into the Boneyard. The 
ojeration of two plants, one for the north a,nd one for the south end of the campus, 
•7as not economical and smoke 'Jas always a nuisance, '.vhethi r the '.7ind '..'as north or 
south, Cn account of the poor chimney draft, it h-i,d been necessary *to burn lump 
ccal costing the University from $1,75 to $2,2^ a ton. The coal consumption for 
the years I895-96 and I896-97 had been about 3,500 tonsi 

In the design of the ncv plant, it v.'.as the aim of the writer to accomplish 
the follovdng results: 

1. To concentrate at the lo'.Tost point on the campus, all of the heating boilc: 

2. To provide increased dra.ft, so th'it the che/ per grades of coal might be 
used for fuel. 

3. To prevent smoke. 

U. To pi-ovide a, system of t\xnnels l/.,rge enough to carry the heating rardns, 
'.."^ter n-fins, gas mains, comprnssed-air mains, vr^.cuum mains, as '.70II as for electric 
light -^nd po'-er purposes, 

5. To concentrate all engines near the boiler house so th",t all c^chaust stej^m 
might be used for ht "ting j'urposes. 

b. To provide 1,000 incandescent lights for thfv buildings and 20 a.rc-lights 
for the c-impus. 

7. To provide electric current for running motors for po'ver purposes at my 
point on the campus. 



Vol, 12, 1897-98, p-.gt:s 79-85 



562 

S. iO .-MTinj^e tills entire pl-'iit :jo th-t, -is far -^.s poasilDlc, it might "be 
■ vil'-'olc for education.-'! purjjoses. 

The no-,' pl.-mt '.'-'S located in the 55-b:,"- 120-foot "brick "ouilding that no'.T 

stnr:ds diroctl:^ north of the 3oneyard ,'Uid the University Fire Stetion. A complete 

dcscri-ption of the 'auilding and the stack '7n:3 presented in {ho "pochnograph, from 

2 - 

v/hich the follo-.'ing extracts '.vcro taken . 

Tlie ^v,-dls of the long sides v/orc t'./cnty-six feet iiigh. The -.vest -./all '..'.-is 
CtVjred on the inside "by coal bins ,and coal-handling m^.chinury, -vnd the east -'jill 
had outside along its entire length a smoke funnel fire feet v/ide and t'velvc feet 
high. This connected v/ith the chiEmcy at the middle of the v.-all ^uid -.lith the 
various boilers 'vhich occupied that side of the building. The boiler house -.^as 
lighted b^ cle:restory '-/indo-vs on both sides. Seven light steel trusses of 
special design supported the roof. To the south extended ;) pump, tool, and stock 
i-oom 25 by ^yj feet. This portion of the building crossed the Boneyard and pro- 
vided an ontrMncc to a s/sten of tunnels '.vhich connected the various buildings. 
The boiler house and stnck v/ere constructed of common red brick, laid in red mortar, 

The brick stack, -vhich had in inside di.nmeter of 6 feet and •'. height of 15O 
feet, stood on the cast side of the building about mid'.7ay bet'./ecn the two ends of 
the structure, Jt rested on a solid foundation of Portl-nd cement concrete 6 feet 
thick v;hich decreo.sed in six steps from 24 feet and 3 inches sr^uare at the base to 
13 feet square at the top. The stack li;.id a separate core catending to a height of 
90 feet, the lov.'er Uc feet being 12 inches thick, the next 3O feet, 8 inches thick, 
and the last 20 feet, U inches thick. It W'l.s entirely free from the ohimnoy v/all 
-■md v;as never nearer to it than t'/o inches. 

The sta.ck proper rested on ?i. base 3'+ feet high. The sha.ft itself -Tas cir- 
cular and consisted of r. 2U-inch ',7all to a height of ^U feet, -./here it -vas re- 
duced to a 20-inch 'vall to a heiglit of 'jG feet, then to an 1 6-inch '/all to a 



1. Building der.igned by Prof esr.ors C,D, ilcLnnn and S.J, Tenj;le. This site w-s 
chostn by Profcs'.or 3r.-.c!; nridg,, b..'Caus'.. it —s th.: lo'./est point on the c-impus. 

2. The Technogr.'ph, Vol. 12, IS^T-Qo, by S,J. Tempi.-, Assist-nt Professor of 
Architecture,'. P-igos UU-^l-o. 



[365 
heiglat of 9o foet. A 12-inch '.;all then extended to -i, height of 123 foot v;ht:re 
the ort-'iEiental tor "begnn. Hie c.'.,p was 2] feet high and consisted of an 8-inch 
v/all strengthened by 2-inch rods every 8 inches. The stack v/as I'lid in cement 
mortar above jG feet, and all the joints on the outside wore raked out and 
pointed up rii'ter completed. There v^ns an iron ladder imnning from bottom to 

top on the inside and a cast-iron cap' protected the upi^er course from disintegra- 

1 
tion. 

The general contr,-ictors for both building and stack v/ero M. Yoagor & Son of 

Danville, Illinois. The iron and steel yroi'k \7as furnished by the La, Payette 

Bridge and Iron Compjiny of La Fayette, Indiana. The contract price for the 

building was $37,93[3, which could be divided appi'oximately as follows: Chiinncy 

$U,000; boiler house, s5S),130C; laboratory building $24,1+35. The building cost a 

trifle over 7 cents a cubic feet, and the boiler house a trifle under U cents a 

square f oot , • 

2 

During December, 1897, one new 250-horsepower National Water Tube boiler 

was set in this new povjer house. This boiler was equij/jied \.'ith a Murphy smoke- 
less furnace ajid autom-vtic stoker. The boiler was fired up on December 28 r^jid 
Steam was turned into the heating system from it on J.anuary 3t I898. A Berryman 
closed feed-water heater v/as set' so that the exhnust stc.-iin from the engine might 
be turned through it or around it as desired. 

The two 22C-horsGpower Babcock and Wilcox boilers, formi^'ly used in the old 
University Hall Central Pl.-mt were set in May, IS93, and were equipped with Honey 
mechanical stokers, the llC-laorsepower horizontal tubul a' boiler , moved from 
University Hall itself, v/as set with a Brightman stoker. The coal and auhcs wore 



1. The stack was taken dovm in about I92I or I922, ;ijid thi brick '.'as used as back 
up briciT in the construction of the first unit of whnt was then called the llorth 
Gar.-'.gc, now a part of the llufclcar Hadiations Laboratory. 

2. The mechanical and Electrical Engineering Lnbor-i.tory ;i,nd the boiler house were 
to be finished by December 1, lo97i according to the contract. The boiler house 
Was finished on schedule, but the laboratoi'y pnrt required ,an addition.il ninety- 
seven da;/s. 

3. Removed during I905. 



570 

handled bv machinery, -the coal-storage capacity Ijeing about 600 tons, and the 
coal consumption in IS97-92 'being; about 3.500 tons. 

Some of the smaller details of the boiler-house equipment consisted of a 
No. 6 Schaeffer (3; Budenberg exhaust steam injector, a Locke damper regulator, 
Davis 'back pressure valves, 8-inch Lyman exhaust head, Worthington 2-inch hot- 
wnter meter, Crosby recording pressure gages, feed pumps vdth automatic control 
from return tariks, oil filters, and Austin separators. 

A short time later, there './as added one 150-horscpo',7er Snbcock & Wilcox 
speci.'l boiler carrying a 275-pound steam pressure, equipped -.vith a hand-feed 
furnace, and one 15C-hors'epov.'er st.arid?\rd Babcock & TrTilcox boiler supplied with a 
Babcock nnd Wilcox chain-grate stoker, making the total rated horsepower about 
1,100. Tvo 2C0-horsepower S-t^erling boilers equipped '.Ith chain grates rjid 
automatic stokers were inst.alled during I905. Still other boilers were added 
until in I907. the boiler capacity had been incrcadod to about 1,S00 or 2,000 
horsepower. 

For a time, coal was hauled to the plant in wagons, but in I906, the Illir.ois 
Traction System put in a spur from its tracks to the north. This line \7as removed 
in 1919 at the time of the construction of the third unit of the Mathews Avenue 
Power Plant. 

The engine and generating equipment provided for the power plant was installed 
in the West end of the east wing of the M 'chanic^l and Elcctricai Engineering 
Laboratory in the early part of 1898. It consisted of one 6o2horscpo-ffer "Ideal' 
singlo-cylindnr, high-speed engine; one 50-horsepo'7er W^stingliousc "Junior" engine; 
and one IOC-horsepower Ideal tandem-compound engine. These engines, supplied with 



1. I?^ script ions tnken la'i'gcly from an article "The Central Heating, Lighting, 
and Power Plant", by L. P. Breckcnridgc in the Tcchnograph, IS97-9S, pages 79-o5, 

2. Listed in s.ame descriptions .as 50 horsepower. It w;i,s originally installed 
on the ground floor of University Hall in I892 ,as a p-irt of the Department of 
Physics Po-;r;r Plant, 



571 

hir:h-iTrcs3uro stcvi throUi:h an independent n.iin frr-n tho 'boiler h >uso, v.'orc u^cd 
v.ip.inly t' drive the electric f.'cnorntnrs d^.scri'bed.in the; follo'vin,^ parrif^raph, 

The electrical cij.uip.icnt upor.-i.tod Isy tho above stoa;i po-,vcr, '.vas provided tc 
funiish current for the incandescent Innps in the 'buildinf-s, for the arc l;-uips on 
thcj c,-vipu3, ''j:d for the' Motorc './hich ran tho iiachine shop, the dynamo and ether 
l-'borw.ti'Ties, and the ventila,tin£: fans in the sevor-il buildin.-;^. The generatini?: 
o.quipnont included one Westinchouse U^-kilovatt, UUO-vi It, 2-phasc, bO-cycle, 
-Iternator, blted; one iTostinfJv ur;e 7^.-kilor:att , UUO-vr It, 2-ph'3e, bO-cycle, al- 
torn-'tor, bclteil; one 'jiO-lziloYiatt , 'jOO-volt direct-current .xuerator; ^nd r.ne 25- 
l-:ilf..-\tt, VJcod arc li.^ht i^en. rator that supplied current f ■ r the 25 arc lajips on 
the grounds and in Milita,ry Hall. The plant '.-^a.s provided •.vith a tr-msfomor to 
reduce tho pressure frr.ai kko volts to 110 vrlts for the inc.-.nde'ocent laiips. In 
the latter p-^rt of I902, there v/as added - 120-kilov.'-,tt , kkO-v It, 2-ph'\se, 60-cycl. 
"""estinr;house ficner'^tcr -./ith revc'lvin.r fields, directly crnn..ct.d to <i "l^estinf^house 
c'-'npound ste^'n enrine of 200 ht rsopo'.7er, and the U5-l:ilov.'att nachinc Tfas returned 
tc the najvufacturer, ' 

The electric plmt '.v.s discentinued in I9II-I2, '^fter the Ll-i.ther/s Avenue 
plant ha.d been placed in service, 

The Unthev/s Avenue Hpatin.-;, Li.-htinj^-:, and Pouer fl.ant.- The first unit of the 
ilathev/s Avenue Keatin;-;, Lij-htin,-;, and Power Plaet, a four-stery brick structure, 
'.70S couplet ed ■ be,ut June 1, I9I0, at a ce at of $75,000, aiid thi; equipnent v/os in- 
stalled shortly thereof te.r. Two Bo.bcock ^nd Wilcox Ir nf-ritudin-l-drui; boilers, each 
of 500 horsopov/er, operat in;--; under n-itural-draft ci nditions ;it I50 pounds stean- 
pressur'e, '•:re provided with c.",st-iron hrvders and --ith G-roen Sn-iineerin^ 
Cf :ip-^.:i^ris chain -rrati-^s. The Chinney, erect' d by the Alphons Custodis Chimney 
Construction Conp^ny of Chic-i 'o, was 10 feet in di-uieter at the top and v/as 175 
feet in hei-''Jit 'ibove tho b'' iler-roori floor, '.vhich .>ave. it a, r-itin." of about 
3,500 hoEsepowe.r. The pl^nt be._:an full-lo.ad operation on Decenber 22, I9IO, It 
'.'."vs l-vrcely for heatin,-; purpos'vs, for the liL":htin • ojid p-wer loads na.dc con- 
p ar- '.t i vely snnll do: i- u.ds , 



572 

Sons of the engine -md e«i"iorating Gquipmont including the 12C-kilov7att 
Wcstinghouse plant ncntionod in the preceding section, V7as transferred fron the 
old pcver plant to the nev; one. In addition, a 3all non-releasing Corliss engine, 
directly connected to an Allis Clialmers Conp-iny 250-kilo-.7att , UUo-volt, 2-phase, 
bC-cycle, generator, :\ni. a 12'j-kilo'.7att , 2,300-volt, Curtis turho-generator set 
were installed. The Ball engine and the turbine could carry the full electric 
load required of the plnnt, A simple engine '.7as chosen because the exhaust 
stean uns used for hen,ting, and the engine, therefore, served only as a reducing 
pressure valve for the heating system. As previously stated, however, the 
electrical equipment of the Boneyard pl-'^Jit was kept running until the beginning 
of the school year I5II-I2. 

The new mechanical equipment was decided upon by IV.L, Abbott, president of 
the Board of Ti-ustees, and Dean G-oss of the College of Engineering, Flans for the 
building were prepared by W, C, Zimmerman, the State Architect, Details of 
piping, '-'iring, etc., tor'^ether '.7ith the selection of pui.ips, feed-water heaters, 
and so on, moto entrusted to ".7, H, Zimmornan, '961 Consulting Engineer, of 
Chicago. The general contract was awarded to E.G. English, '02. 

During 191^f an addition was made to the new power plant. The spur to the 

Boneyard plant was moved slightly and the new building -as extended to the west 

of the original structure along the railway tracks. Two more Babcock & Wilcox 

boilers duplicating the first set of slightly over 1,0C0 horsepower, were installed 

in 1915-16, thereby doubling the boiler capacity of this pLant, nnjcing about 2,200 

in all. At that tine, the link-belt coal-and ash- handling system was inst.allod. 

The copI was unloaded from cars on the Illinois Traction siding to a hopper be- 

i 
neath the track, from v/hich it was ctirried by a pan conveyor to a crusher and then 

to a bucket conveyor. This conveyor elevated the co.al to the hopper-bottom, 

cylindrical steel bunl:ers, which had been provided because there v/as so much 

danger from spontaneous combustion with the low grade of fuel used, that it was 

felt necessary to have the buatkers so constructed that the coal -'ould bo 



573 

continuously noving. The coal v/ns fed directly froii the "bunkers to the nutonatic 
stokers. throuc^h individual eloctrically-operated scales provided to measure the 
co.al consunption. A 200,000-pound Buffalo platforn scale r/as installed in the 
unloading track innediately in advance of the unloading hopper. 

In 1920, nnothor extension -Jas raade to the power-plant building and two no re 
B'i,bcock & Wilcox boilers of the sane capacity as those previously installed, were 
added. In 1925f -another tvio of similar nake and capacity v/ere put in, naking 
eight altogether in service totalling about U.UOO horsopo-jcr. 'All of these 
boilers were equipped with natural draft operating ..quipi.icnt ; but v.'hcn it becane 
necessary in 1935 to repair the two originnl boilers, they were renodellod to 
operate v/ith forced draft. 

In 1920, the original 12!j-kilowatt Curtis turbo-generator was retired to 
nake roon for a '_;00-kilowatt , 2,300-volt, 3~pha3e generator driveO by a horizontal 
Curtis stear-i turbine. In 1925i another 500-ki lo-f-wat t generating unjt duplicating 
the 1920-nodel, was installed, A 1,000-kva generator having a direct-connected 
exciter and being driven by a single-stage General Slectric non-condensing stean 
turbine, was added in I929, -being placed into operation on Scptcnber I6 of that 
year. The turbine was designed for l40 povuids steai.i pressure and 1^ pounds back 
pressure. The operation -w-is non-condensing because of the need for cxliaust stean 
in the heating syston. Tlac turbine ran at '^,G00 r.p.u., and was directly connected 
to the 2,300-volt, 3~pi''-'"-so, 60-cycle, alt ern-iting-curront generator. 

During this period fron I921 to I929, the st,and-by connection with the local 
power conpany was increased fron 250-kilo7ratt to 750-kiloKatt c^^pacity, then to 
1,000 'nd finally to 1,500, n-Jcing a.tot.-^l electrical capacity of 3,500 kilov/atts. 

A second radi-al-brick chinney 15 feet inside dinneter at the base and 13 feet 
at the top, was erected for the power plant in the sunner of I93O. She walls 



T~. At th^t tine the generating ;:quipnent consisted of the Allis-Chalners 25O- 
kilowatt nachine driven by the Ball engine, the Westinghouse 120-kilowatt generator 
driven by a ¥estinghouso vertical single-acting engine, u-il the 500-kilowatt 
generator, 

2. The Ti.chnograph, Hovonber, I929, P-ige 23. 



57^ 
were 2k inches thick n.t th.-- bottom and 8g inches r.t the top, njid v/erc laid "ith 
firebrick for a height of 50 feet above the breech. 

Since the boilers in the plant vrere no longer usod after the nc? Abbott 
Power Flint, described in the next section, '.vas conplcted in l^'-'-O, they were 
ror.iovoi, the tvra cliiuncys v.'er(. t.akon down .■>, short tine l,i.ter, and the boiler- 
room portion of the buildii'uT cii'ic to be used by the Pliysical Plant Department for 
service, storaec. "-lifl- other pui'jioses. The 50C-kilo'.vn,tt generators were removed, 
also, but the l,CCO-kilowatt generator .-.nd the stcr-xi turbine were left in plr.ce, 
althoUf:h they -ere not used in 19^5- There v;as also left there the ICC- 
kilo',7a.tt no tor- (generator set installed in 192U for smj. lying direct current for 
general cnnpus use. lr\ 19^1i t-'^t; Ball engine V7as transferred to the br.alcc-shoe 

laboratory, as previously mentioned, 

1 
Willi->jn Lnjiont Abbott Pov/er Plant. - Because the facilities of th, Matho-js Avenue 

Pov/or Plant would not be -iblc: to meet the demands that would be imposed in serving 

the needs of several nrjw m.-gor buildings to be located on the i.dddlo and south 

c^xipus, it was decided to erect r.n entirely ne'..' power, heating, and lighting 

plant along lines of more modern powor-pl,ant const mction* The site chosen was 

one on the southwest cmpus in a section adjacent to the right-of-way of the 

Illinois Guntrnl Railroad Company, where trnck njid coil-storage f.'\cilities could 

be convenit;ntly provided. 

This plant, designed by Sargent and Lu.ndy, InC., '.'as const laictcd bet'.'een 

January, I5U0, and Pcbru-.ry, 19^1, nt n cost of $1,685,93U,- the plniit having 

been placc:d in operation on S^ptijmber ?3,19^0, and leaving been operated in 

parallel with the K.-'thews Avenue Pl^T.t until Jobruary, I9U1. The throe stea.m 

generating units each having a continuous capacity of 3C,00C pounds of ste;Tx:i per 

hour when burning central or eastern Illinois screenings of 10,000 B.t.u., were 

ji'ocured from the Springfield Boiler Company. They were equipped with three 

Babcock-Wilcox forced-draft chain grate stokers. The coal-han-iling system 

designed to move 75 tons of fuel per hour, was constinzcted by the Jeffrey 



1. Some of the material in this, section was t;kea from The Tochnorr.-q }i. Mny, 
19^^, pages 7-9-. 



575 

M-in-af.-),cturin;^ Conp-my, The United Conveyor Corpor-^.tion furnished the ,T,Gh-and 
dust-handlinc sjsten, n.nd the Richardson Scalo Oonpany suppliod the six auto- 
natic scaler, for '.7oighin{: the co.al, Tho concrete chinney \7-is constructed by 
The Hpine Chinney and Construction C ji.ipany. The t-ro 3, OOO-kilov/att turbo- 
.;cnerator units, optirntind at 3iS00 r.p.n.,- one an autonatic-extr-\ct ion con- 
densing turbine and the other a non-condensin,'^ turbine,- \7erc n-'.nuf actured aaid 
installed by the G-enoral Sloctric Coi.ipany, S. Whitin,^ l'>-ton travvllin,: crane 
having been provided to handle a.nd sei^ice then. 

The construction of this plnnt nadc it possible to czpand the building 
pr0;-:rai.i to coV'TT the present roquirenents for inst i-uction.-il and cxperinental pur- 
poses and to provide for addition.al capacity for future ,^ro-.vth in the building 
'ind cnpus plan. This asseribla/^c of structure and equipnont v/as very appropriately 
nn;.ied the Williai.i L.-uiont Abbott Pov/er Fl-i,nt in honor of one of the University's 

no St distinguished rdui.mi cn.^inoers and ■.7ho v;a3 for nany years a ncnbor, of the 
Board of Trustees of this institution. 

5, WATER SUPPLY STATIOilS 
University Water-Works Plant. - With the cro-'th of the University and the con- 
structira-i of nany no-; buildin,:;s, there cane a laTt-^ely-incr eased consunption of 
';7atcr; •.nd this fact and the desire to serve facilities for expcrinentnl -'ork 
led to the construction in I90I-O2 of the first unit of the University \7at er.'/orks. 
The plant consisted of v/ells, storage tanks, pressure tanks, pTr.ips, distribution 
nains, and r. reservoir. Extensions wore na.de to o3(d nains .-uid the conno9tions 
to the city nains v;cre closed by gate valves. 

The ;7ater-r7orks buildin,? was loc/itod at the south end of the Boneyard 
boiler house 'ind pui.ip-roon addition. The building, 3g by 73 feet, constructed 
of prcssed-brick, contained punps and tanlcs, nnd also the hose carts and other 
fire-protecting apparatus. In I936, this building r/as reriodeled sone'.'hi'.t and 



1, "University ^Vater '''orksi' by A. IT. Talbot, in Ihe Technograph, Vol. lb, igOl-02, 
page 87-88, Professor Talbot di^si^qicd and supervised this first inst/dlation. 



57 S 

thoro.-ifter used to house the University Fire tracks. 

Two g-inch '.veils located v/ithin the "building 'rrore 1U5 feet deep and afforded 
a supply of 'vholesoao v/ater, which rose nt that tine to v/ithin bO feet of the 
surface. Chenical analysis showed that the v/ater v/as quite sinilar to th^t of the 
city sui)ply. A Do;7nio doublo-actinf:-;, doep-well punp lifted the w.-^ter fi^ou one 
■..'ell .-'nd .an air lift drcv/ it fron the other, discharci^ig it into storage tanks. 

An 3 "by 6 by 10-inch Snow duplex double-acting stcai'n pur.ip v/as used to supply 
v/atcr fron the ator.'ige tanl-is to the nains for ordin-.ry service, and a Knowlos 
16 by 9 by 12-inch underwriter's fire pui.ip was used for fire pressure, Stcajn 
v/as n.'dntained on the fire punp to keep it noving slovrly, Sp,aco w.as left for 
other pui.ips to be inst.alled Later. 

Two steel stor,'i,^:;e tanks 20 feet in di,-ii.ieter and 10 feet hif^h, each h.aving a 
cap.aGity of ^3,000 grdlons, received water fron the wellr,. Two steel tanlcs, 3 
feet in di-aieter .and 22 feet lon^, under .air pressure, served as reservoirs, 
allo'vinf^ the pui-ips to mn nore steadily under greater v.arying consiL^tion of 
water or oven to bo shut down for a tine. The tanks -.vere built to t.^ke a prcssure^ 
of 12|.) pounds a squ.-\rc inch. An outside reservoir built of concrete ?md holding 
100,000 fTnllons WPS kept for ,-, reserve. 

As the plant was to be used for experincntal pur]30ses, ;ilso, the arrangenent 
of auction nains, pressure nains, valves, punps, t--uil:s, and reservoir, was nade 
especi-dly to f^eilitate such -vork -.vithout interference v/ith th.: University 
supply. A separate pressure nain extended to the hydraulic laboratory, which 
also h'ld a connection with the stor;i.ge tinl-:s and suction nain connected vath 
the s'Ji-ip of tho laboratory. The -veragc .-viount of water punped v/as 100,000 
gallons per day. 

In igOTi there were four 2-inch wells 1U5 feet deep. 3y I91U, one 12-inch 
well I'fS foet deep had bo'-n added, and by'1920, still .anothiir une w^.s in service, 
nrikin- six in all .at th,".t tine. 



577 

A new vritor filtrn.tion plint uas put into operation in the aw-iiior of 1931' 
The original v/olls had 'bocn ab.ijidoned, and v/ator was obtained at that tiao fron 
seven other -.veils which -.vere bored into sand and tr-'vel veins'. These v/ells 
ranged fron l6 to 22 inches in dianeter and fron lUo to 260 feet in depth. The 
7?ator level stood about 100 foot below the surface '.vhen the '.veils '.vere not in use, 
but dropped about 35 foot v;hen the punpa were in operation. Because of this, it 
was necessary to place the pui.ips near the botton of the wells. The snall-di-^tncter 
wells \7ore equipped with reciprocating plunger purips, whil© the newer .and Larger 
wells v/ere equipped witii a type of c ont ri f ug.'^l pujip called the "deep well turbine", 
With these tvo tyiDCs of puips, it is very essenti.-d that wells be straight. The 
notora, -md supports arc at the surface rvnd are connected '.iith the pui.ips by long 
shafts and rods. If the wells .are not reasonably straight, the shafts are contin- 
uously subjected to revors-ds of stress which ;,iay result in fatigue of corrossion- 
fatigue failure. 

Raw water dr.a\Tn froi; wells in different parts of the north ca'.ipus contains 
iron in bicarbonate fon.i nxid. -'Iso bacterinj. gro'.7th which n.-'ke it unsuitable as a 
public supply. The iron causes a red stain to forii on fountains and plunbing 
fixtures, .and is inGtr-ui.icntal in hastening b-rcterial grovrths while the bactori.a 
.are undesirable because they pollute the pipes and endanger the health of the 
people who use the water. These inpurities necessitate a plant desifpied prinarily 
for the renoval of iron and secijnd,arily for the rei.iov.al of bacteria. 

As the plant is operated, v/.iter is puiipjod directly frori the wells to ah 
aerator located iiiuediately back of the Electrical Engineering Building. This 
;>.erator surrounding the ra'.v-v/ator basin or reservoir, consists of ;iji annular per- 
rof.ated pipe so constructed that .after spraying the water several feet into the 
air, it allows it to f,-dl into the basin, -the chief purpose of the aerator being 
to precipitate the iron, changing it to ferric oxide and Ic-.ving in the reservoir a 
very finely-divided precipitate in suspension, 2thor functicjns of the aerator .are 
to add oxygen and to release other g.ases with a consequent reduction of tastes and 
odors. 



57S 

Pron tho ra".7-'.7ator 'b.'iGin, the supjjly is p-ui-ipod to the. filter plant back of 
the foundrj'- laboratory by tvro filter p\i.nps, each havinrT a capacity of 1,500 
r;pJ.lons pnr ninutc against a. head of 'jO feet. The rav^v/ater chlorinator is 
located on the p<ipo bet'veen the rav/-v/ater basin ^md the filter pu;.ips, ordinarily 
all of tho chlorine beinj^ added at this stage. It is necessary to add chlorine 
to the water before filtration to niniaize tho grov/th of or^anisns in the filters. 
Chlorine is- added to the extent of about three parts per l.OOO.OOC, but all except 
a snail part is used to kill tho gro'.vth in the filter s.-ind. Tests a.ro rxade throe 
tines durin;j tho day to learn if the proper amount of chlorine is in the service 
Y/catcr, Since chlorine is the only chenical constituent ordinarily a,ddod, and since 
it is added in the pipe line back of the filter punps, it is thoroUt^ly nixed be- 
fore it reaches the; f iltm.tion plant. 

Under ordinary conditions, -ill four filtor units, arc operated sinultaneously 
for 18 hours a, day, ata.rtinf]; at 6:00 a.u, and closin.--:; dovjn at uidni^I'^t, . The 
filters are of the "rapid-sand" tj-pe, nith a, 4-foot bed of sand, Sach filter is 
r^ashod once a d.-y by a, special air conpres'jor ,and back-'va.sh punp. The water does 
not go throufjii a co artul at o r^' basin, but runs by gravity fron the filters to the 
cloar-watcr basin loc-itod on Sprin^tficld Avonuc in:,iodiatoly north of tho filter 
house. This cloar~'.7ater bat;in is a covered, aylindrical concrete reservoir havin/:; 
a cap'Lcity of a.bout f?50,000 (ra,llons, or about ont>-fifth of tho average diiily dcnand 
in 1931 '.vhen it -^as built. At thn.t tine, the basin '.vas largo enough to furnish 
water during tho ni.$it hours, for tho dcnand '.vas relatively light then, 

Prou tho clear-'jater b'lsin, water is purapcd into the distribution systen by 
four service puxips having a c;..pacity of 3,000 gallons per ninutc against a head 
of 150 f o-:t . Ordinarily, all of the punps are not operated sinultaneously. The 
head in the distribution systen is kept at about 50 or 60 pounds pressure per 
squar.:: inch, 

T\7o nc7r wells, knovm in the records !>s Nos, 10 a.nd 11, located on Illinois 
Field, '.7(-re provided in 1331"), nXiA. a new 500,0C0-g'i,llon storage t'Uik was erected at 



579 

th'it tine or. one of the hi^'Ii points on the South Fpm innodip.toly south of the 
UniV' r«ity .:olf linlrs. The nupply and prossur.j provided by the t'-jik p.tc still 
sufficient to opcrito the v,'riter systcn at night y^ithout the use of p'ui:ips. 

C. UlIIV:]Il3ITy a-VIDIO SI^CADCASTIIIG STATIOIIS 
3/idi^. St "..t ion W-R~L1.- Tho Univerr,ity ■brop.dc^.st in£: station W-3r-K, opened in 1922-23, 
constituted ,-i p-a-t of the Gquipiir;nt of tho Dopp.rtnent of Slocti'icnl Engineering; •^ind 
• ■■.Tris oper-iti^d by the Departriont under the £:enernl supervision of Frofc;:sor S.3. 
Pnine, Head of the Dop;irt;ient . The technical ^vork \7a,s und.:r th.. charf;e of H. A. 
Brovm, radio instructor in the dopartiient . The station operated on a, wave-lonf^th 
of 3^0 netors with power output of about 500 -Tatts. Tv/o 250-'7'-tt oscillator tubes 
■■'cre used v/ith throe siiailar tubes -.ctin,-^ as nodulators. The j)o:ict supply for the 
lar.^e tubes "/as obtained iron -i : lOtor-generator set ,:ivinf; 2,000 volts direct 
currant for the plate volt,-:;^:, Tho pov/er for the speech anplifiors \7as obtained 
fro!'i ordinary "3" batteries, cxci-pt for the last stn^^c which ci.asist^d f)f a 50~ 
■.7a,tt tube '.7ith a 500-volt d^nv^notor supplyin.-: the pl'/tc volt acre. 

The studio V7as locat.-:d in the Electrical Ensjiinecrin,' Laboratory, but bro-i.d- 
c.astin,; could be done fro:', other points by tho use of tho telephone line and a 
portable t vro- st -^ ;:;c rjiplifier. The Station, used to broadc;\st nueical profrans, 
results of athletic contv.sts, .-nd other University -activities, v/as discontinued in 
1920 ■7hen tho no-,7 Stn.tion W-I-L-L -//as conpletod, 'is described in the next iia.rarTa.ph. 
Hadio St -^t io n \1~1-L~L,- A nu.v University Ridio S^.-ition dosi;>nated as W-I-L-L 7/as 
constructed durin.-- I925-20 p-rtly throw:h a ,7ift of $Uo,000 by Boetius H. Sullivan 
in iicnory of his father, Honor-.'ble Hot:'or C, Sullivan. Tlio dosiv^-n, erection, and 
equipnent of this station vyore pla.ced entirely in the hands of tho Western 
Electric Gon])any of Chica(j:o. The station wr s located back of the old Gyi.masiun 
near the southv/est corner of Illinois Piold on th..; north caripus and the antenna 



1. The na,tcrial for nuch of tho description of this ne'</er portion of the plant T/a; 
taken fron an article "Tho University of Illinois Water Supply" by I.L. 'Tissnillcr, 
tho T.7,chno:^raph, Uovenber, 1932, par^rc 11, 

2. D.jscribed further under Cha^-ter XIV, the Departnont of Electrical Engineering, 



5S0 

erected near-by, extendncL fron n, tower on the west to one on the cast side of the 
Piold. Al'ter completion, the station was t?xk:en over and oper'ited by the Director 
of pT^blic Infori.iation and R.^!.dio Station, serving directly under the President of 
the Univ.jrsity. 

The Station, operatin,^ on a frequency of S90 kilocycles -.'ith a power of 1,000 
W.'i.tts, was used to radiocast educational procrruns frui.i classrooms, to e^tive short 
educational talks, to present nuBical recitals by faculty and students, and to 
present news it ens, market quotations, and othi^r public service reports, entirely 
free from connercialisu -'nd corLmerci-il mmouncenent s. Until 19^2, the Station 
broadcasted on week days, .-aid after that, on Sundays as well. 

In 1937-33, the frequency of the S'^ation was ch-ja.'cd from S90 to 5SG kilocycle::. 
This lowL>rinj^ of the frequency permits .greater service area. Twin towers, erected 
as antenna or "vertical radiators", without wires strung;:; betv/oen then, arc each 
325 feet hii^h, v/hich is more th,-i.n twice the size of the old towers b«ck of the old 
G-yaiiasiui.1, The towers arc located about one and a hrlf nilcs south of the Mcnorial 
Stadiun on the First-Street road, A modern fr,-'nc buildin,;; with a floor space of 
approxin.-'.tely 20 feet by 36 fei;t was erected there, niso, to house the broadcast int^; 
transmitter and its associ.v.ted po-ver supplies nnd speech equipment, A new 5t000 
Watt tr-aismitter was installed in 1938-39 to repl;..ce the old 1,000-Watt instrument. 
Most of the pro>-;rams now ori^-inato in the new studio in &re<-ory Hall on Vi/'ri.-^ht 
Street. This studio, opened in I9U2, is connected by wir.,^ lines with the new 
tr.-^nsmitter described above. Other prof-r-vis, as remote pick-ups, cone from points 
of interest on the c,-impus, such as various class-rooms, the Auditoriuia, Smith 
Kpiaorial Music H-.ll, Gocr(>; Huff Gymnasium, ^.nd so on, 
■ D. UHIVI^HSITY.AIEPCHT 
General,- In May, I9U3, the Si;cty-third General Ass'-^mbly appropri.n.ted $250,000 for 
the construction of a Univ,;rsity airport b;\sed \ipon plans that ori.-^inally called 
for :i ,':round aron of b4o acres, Mnd $500,000 for building's. Because of the interest 



1. The Tochnof-raph, Tobruary, 1937 , Pa/re 20 



5Sl 
the Fcdorr.l Govcrnnont h-\d in the project, officinlc of the Civil Ao ro nn.ut i c s 
Adninistr-^.tion cxerciGod ^. n.-gor influence in the selection of the site. 

The plot chosen li.js .'ibout five nile^ south-^ost of the cpjipus,-the center 
of the field beiUf": one .'^.nd a quarter r.iiles '.vest and oni.; rule south of Savoy, - 
■i.nd is conveniently located for both r'lil ;\nd tj^u^k-illnehif/hv/ay transportation. 
Iti order to provide safety zones at each of the four jorners of the -Tea, addition,--! 
acre,-.j':c '7as provided, increasin,^ the total area to abuut JoZ acres, Title to 
the land was aquircd durin-; the fall of I9U3 and early part of l<^kh. In support 
of its interest in the undort'kinf:, the Fe^'^^'''-1 Govonmont, on June lU, 19^3 1 
through the Civil Aeronautics Administration appropriated $600,CC0 for the do- 
volopnent of the site includintj f'rradin,'^, drainaf";e, runv/ays, taxiways, taxi^iay 
pavonents, aprons, turfin,^, and foncins:;, and in March, 19^^i increased the -allotment 
of $1,U5C,0G0. The plans and specifications for the inproveuent, prepared in the 
suir.ier :\ni. fall of I9U3 in the ror^ional office of the CAA in Chicasfi, called for 
a Class IV airport, -.vhich '.vill nrko it, when finally finished, one of the best 
equipped in the 5^ '^■''^■'-»~ <'^- fi^^ld capable of handlinf-; any type of Innd-basod planes / 
now beinc built. The t;radinf; ^Md drainage v;ork and the construction of the run- 
'.7ays and paveiionts '.7ore be^Tin in Ur^ir, I9UU, and were larr^ely conpleted by the end 
of that yopr. There arc throe concrete run\7ays each 5.36f^ feet lon^- and a turfed 
runway U.OOO feet l>jn.-, p11 I50 feet wide. In addition, there ■■.re about 12,000 
lineal fe^-t of taxi'-v-i^ys paved ■Jith concrete, all % feet wide. 

During the latter part of the suni.ior of 19^5i the University procured fron 
the Defense Pl-mt Corporation of the U.S. GovcrrLucnt a notal han,:ar that had been 
used for tr-xinin^^ pur[;c;sos at the Amy air base near Grady, Arkansas. The buildin^- 
100 by 36c feet in size, was reconstructed on the s^rounds here -md opened in tine fo 
for the cerenonial exercises which narked the dedication of the Airport on Optobor 
26p The 3C'-foot control tower on the structure nnkes it possible to use tho 
airfield prior to the construction of the adninist ration buildin;:;. 



I3S2 

In ^.dditiun to furnif;hi;i.": -luothor no-^ns nf tr-insport for tho 'benefit of tho 
loc-,1 co;rranitv -I'o '.?cll t.s for those conncctod -rith the University or visitin^-^ 
the University, those responsible for the cst-^blisiriunt of tho -drport hp.'7 in 
such ri.ction .-^.n opportunit./ for di-iost unlinitod service to the vaiole State -!,nd 
tho ll-i.tion, ?oronost of tho objectives v-s to provide educ;i,tiim'i2 facilities for 
tr-ir.in- .-. suppl-' of youn:.; personnel for positions requirin,; a basic knowled/ro 
of the on^inoerin.'; principles involved in the desir:n, production, and operation 
of connerci-^l aircr ft ea,-'.;-od in both donostic and foroi;';n service; in tho 
desir^n, construction, ;i.nA opcr-tinn of airports ;'.nd ■drport facilities; nnd in 
the 'vork of r^'so-rch conducted 07 corinercial rtjul -ov-jrir.icnt laboratories, 
Anoi.hcr objective -.vas to ii'.plenent ;<. tr-.ininr pro<:;r.'un desisT^ed to benefit those 
teachers -.Tho 'voro f'ivin,; avi-ition instruction in the secondary schools aiid in 
other educ'itinnal centers of the State to neet ';matcver eventu-iliti s-s the pro- 
•iressive experionccB of an air — .lindod nation ni;~ht evolve. Still .-'iftther objective 
v.'as to provide an opportunity for a liruted -uiount of pilot training';; for resident 
students under respoiisible direction of the Hnsorve OffiCi,rs Training Corps oT the 
Civil Aeron-'utics A(^ninistr'',ti'n for positions in nilita,i'y or conncrci'^l service 
A further objective ■.".s to provide f-',cilities th-,t could bo used by the several 
colle,--eG C'f the Univt^rsity or/v-^jiization either alone or in cooper-.tion -f/ith 
corx-.urcial entor^-rises or .'ovenijient ■v^cncies, to carry on extensive research 
pro-rfiiis of vit'il intorest to those individu-ls or or,-;anizations that are 
associated in 'my capacity vdth the 'iviation industry. This "^ould include practicoi 
every collCfTo on the Urb-ma canpus and cert-iinly the collOi-^c of Uedicino in Chicafo, 

In order to coordinate these several ph-'ses of v;crk r/hich tho University 
iiic^lit undcrt-.J-:e, the Board of Trustees in Uovenber, . I9U5, established the 
Institute of Aeronautics to be adjiinist crod under the supei'vision of a director 
vrho v.'ould h'lve "bout the s.a'U; status as n dean of a coHoi^e -aid -.vould report 
directly to the Pj^.'sident, 



5S3 

S. RTUD3W C31WSH AlID UUICN 3UILDIHG 
Iho mini Student Gp,nter.- In I93S, the University took over the "buildin,-; 
occupied nt first by the Y. II. C. A. and later by the Illinois Union, n,t Wri:.-ht 
and John Streets in Ol^aiipainn, and roi.iodellcd it for r. Student Center, As such, 
it contained the offices of the Illin'.is Union, the AluLini Association, the St-.r 
Course, and the Athletic Association, and roons on the upper floors for student 
studj'' and dornitory purposes. The Daily Illini o«cupied the 'bascnent. When the 
ne'.7 Illini Union Buildin^; was coupleted in 19'+0, the nai.ic of the Student Center 
Buildin*;: was chan,:od tc^ Illini H,-a.l, It has continued, hoi7ever, to provide 
a„cconnod.M,tions for sor.e student-activity and other offices, to serve as a residence 
hall for ncn, and to house the Daily Illini publishing: plant. 

The I llini U nion Buildin,-;.- ^ The Illini Union Buildin.-: constructed by the Univcrsitj 
in 1939-'^0 and operated by it v/ithout profit, is a well-appointed five-story, 
c>iloni;i.l structure, servin.G to create an cnvironnent appi'opri-ite for inspiring a 
corrion undo rst-^n din;-; aj-^d a. spirit of friendship bot'VGon students, f-vculty, and 
■ilumi, rcf^ardlGss of race or creed; for here the naiiy barriers v«i Ich often tend 
to exist betvfeen r^;roups are bi-ukon do^vn into a feelinet of nutual undorstandin,.]; 
and fello'.vship. It has net the situation by boconinr a social, cultural, 
recTuati nal, and service cimter for student and other activitius on the cai.ipus. 
The buildin,;: itself desi|:;ncd on a, f";Gnerous scale provides space for the meeting-; 
places of stud'-nt or. ■■>.ni z itinns, the offices of the Alunni Associ-'.tion ajid the 
University of Illini is Found.'i.tion, dinin;: reruns and a cafeteria, a, soda fountain, 
r'-i-ij.ie roans, air-conditioned botflinr,' alleys, f-'Culty and student louni'-^es, f7;oneral 
offices for the sale of tickets to University events, and a ball ronn that has 
acconnodations for sovor-'l hundrod persons at a dance, bnnquet, or other assenbly. 
In additian, there is 'i. brov/sin.:; rocn containin;-^ a -veil-planned library of about 
^,000 bonks that provides a -holcsone place for rcln,xation durin.^ the sp-re 
riononts -.•hilo onj' yin:,- the l-rt^-st fiction, biOf^r-phy, .-nd other literary pro- 
duction. There, t^o, is -• rmsic rocn, -vhore a pro.-^r-i:! supervised by -^ student 



58U 
fi.culty conriittec, is prcsimted daily froii selections of the Tjorld'o finest 
nusic. 

"Tlic Illini Uni. n Buildin.- con-detcd in I9I+I ,-.s - ccntor of denocrn.tic 

student f^ovcrni.ient , is the culiiin^tion of the hc-pes ",nd drcans of the early 

2 

ndr.unistr;>,tora." 

The opcnin.- of the Buildinr; "hr„d -i bron.d influence on student life by 
providinc^ recren.tionr-,1 rnA dinin;-^ fncilitios VThich vero previously -■.v-.il.-i'bln 
to students only under coi.i..iorciT.l n.'',n'<f'7enent -^.nd frequently under disreputable 
c-.nditi(;ns. The pleasures of the students -vero nade sources "of profit to the 
commnity. It is e;\sy to see 'jhy the prof it-sookinrj interests so vifprously 
opposed the oroction of this center. It is quite as easy to see also ^7hy their 
chief interest, as Ion.- as the center, did not e;:ist, lay in the profits thoy 
could nako rather th.on in the cxcollence of the services they could ,iivo. 

"The opportunities provided in this center, '.Tith its library bro-.7sin5 room, 
its center of art, its .'umscncnt roons, its dinin,_; rooris, and its cafeteria, 
are a far cry fron the conditions existing previously, and have inevitably led to 
an inprovcnent in the inorals Ks v/oll as the nor-.le of the student body. "-3 

F. l/i3i;'S KCSIDE11C3 HAIiLS 

I'Ipn's Residence Ealls of 2or:-.itories»;-_ ^ilc the University has iiaintained a 

seri>,s of residence h-J.l3 for v/oncn students for a nu^iber of years, it was not 

until the oponiuf: of the school year in Scptenbcr, I9UI, th;it it v/as able to offer 

cinilar accor.uiodations to i.icn students. The halls assi.^ned to nen ,'',rc conposcd of 

three riodern buildin-^s of colonial architecture, connected by pass,n,Te-.7ays, con- 

tainin,- 1^1 roor.is suit; ble for tv/o persons ,-ind 67 for one, 

Th^t these buildints hrwc served a \7holesone purpose is indicated by the 

follov/in": obGcrv; tions of 'i /.roup of disinturcst'^d inveati-^^ators v/ho stated 

that the erect ien of those buildin.-:s "v;as far norc sifT-icicant than the nere 

•■idditional acconnodatimis they provided, rii :ht inply. Previous to the opcoing 

of the Ken's dornitorics, the University found it exccodin.^ly difficult to set 

up and naint;dn ninii.iuii stniidards to be net by the rorjiuntT houses in order for 

then to be placed on the approved list of the University. The openin.-: of the 



1. Fr'in y^ur first ye- r nt Illinois, pa.-:o ko 

2. Illio, igU3, pa^re 278. 

3. The University of Illinois Burvcy Report by a Gonnission of the Aricrican 
CoujiCil on Education, 19^3 • P'V;o 'j5» 



5S5 

domitoricG provided those st ■ind-'^xdc 'ind nave ■\ 1qvov-.c,o for their onforccncnt . 
Thus, the provision of University residences for iien resulted in n. f'encral in- 
provoncnt of livin>: conditions in the entire commnity,"-^ 

a, [TTIII-CITY TH.-IKSFCHTA2I01I FaCILITIUS TiClOUGH TH3 C^PUS 
Urb-'ii,-', "nd Ch-np-d.^n Horsu RT.ilr(;,-i.d Service. ^ The Urbnjia n.nd Ch-i-ipr..irn Horse 
S'^.ilrond Cor.p'U'.y chart cred in 1363, bCi";.in the operation of a nulc— powered line 
"botv/ccn Urb'X.a -'.nd Chaj.ipai . ji about 1866, The route ran over v.'hat is n^'-r Western 
Avenue fro:: Urb'in-v to LIr,tl^c-..'r, Avenue, then dntinuod on -Jcst throur-h the c-a:ipus 
ti. ^riht Strc.-t, then strl-ht ahead to Third Strovt in Chnjipai.T.. At th.-t 
pnint, it turned north-,7C3t to ,7") across Scott Park .'ij-id on to First Street, then 
it -.vent north to the old I)(,ane House which stood east of the Illinois Central 
tracks on the noi'th sidi; of Main Street. The stone arch v/hich still stands near 
the north.7est cfirner of Second and Sprin:-'f ield ever a, brnjich of th^i Boneyard, narks 
one of the points on the line of this old route. The cn,r barns v/er^; located in 
Urbana, directly east of the place '.hero the couJlty jail now stands. The coapany 
'.vas t-'kon over by the Urb,a:ia and Ch/uipaiTi Street Rail-.v-^y Cojip-uiy in I883, '.vhich 
continued to operate the line in this nannor for the next 3cvi.:n or ci^^it years, 
after '.vhich it built an electric lino between the T .in Cities, -'.s d>'scribed 
briefly in the next ]yara>-:r-\ph. 

Urbana and Cli-i;;p-iii.^ Str..et Hail-./^'y Srrvic.;:. The route chosen by the Urb.-^K^^ and 
Chinpai ~i Street Il'dl-;ay Cr,:ip,any to replace the old horsi3-car line bc'an at Hill 
•md Nril Streets in the Ch-u:pai::^n business dist 'ict, niid extended south on Keil 
to Main Street, cast on K-,in Struot to Talnut Street, South on "J-dnut to 
Univ^.rsity Avenue, d.st on University Avonuc to W^i.-jht Sf^reet, south an T7ri.;:ht 
to Green, and east on Green to a point about opposite University Hall. The 
first cars to be op^^rated by electric pcrer over this line -jor.; run on October 
20, IS90. Passen.^ors bound for Urbai---' trir.sforred at '.Tririiit Street and the old 



1. University of Illinois Survey Report by a Connission of the Ancrican Council 
on Education, 19'43, par:c ^U, 

2. Infomation recardin.; the first-part of this description wis ebtnined fron the 
Ch'.npai,::n County Gazette. 



586 

rif-^ht of ',70.7 to horse cnrs. The line provided t went y-ni nut o service. The equipnent 
includin.' rollin,-: stock and overhead power tr'\nsnis3ion \7erc supplied by the 
Westin;?;housc 3lectric and Manufacturing-^ Conpany. The Chanpair:n end of the line was 
extended to the Bie Four and Wy^bash tracks durin,- October and Novenbcr of that 
sar.ie ycar» 

After sone bickcrint-: over franchise problens, the Conpany extended its line 
erst on Green Street to G-oc;dv/in ilycnue, then turned north on Good-.vin to the old rirht 
of way of the horse railroad conpany, then oast over this old route to the Urbana 
business section, the first cars beinr; run into Urbana on March I9*. 1891. Within 
a conparatively short tine, the Conpany built an pj.ternative route that left Univ- 
ersity Avenue at Third Strer;t, v/ent south on Third to John Street, then east on 
John to Wricht Street, then north on W^iiiht to join tho other route on G-reen Street. 
The snail open shelter building now standing on the south side of Green Street 
opposite Burrill Aycnue unA known as the h.-df-way house, was built bj^ the University 

in 1893 as a waiting- roon for persons usinfi the strcct-car line. The building; 
stood orif^inally on the north side of the street; but when plans were nade to tear 
down the structure at the tine tho car line was discontinued, the alurnni nadc 
such a protest that the house was preserved and novcd to its present site. Ij^ 
1895, when Green Street -.vas p^vod, the track between iTri.Tit nnd G'oodwin was noved 
to the north parkin,-:, The n,ane of the corporation was chani^ed in I897 to the 
Urb-ui-r and Chnrip-d,sn Hail'.."^:', Gas, and Electric Cc;np'iny. 

In 1903-0^, the line froi; Urbana \7as oKtcnded west fron Goodwin over the 
original right of way of tlie horse railroad across the cnnpus to connect v/ith the 
^ri-ht Street line in order tr. handle the intorurb^n cars which bof-an operation at 
that tine between Ch.'inpaii:;n and -^anvillp,. After a nunbor of ye-'^rs, the line was 
continued west fron Wri,::ht Street over tho old ri^-^ht of w;\y of the horse railroad 
to third Street, and the interurb-«n cars used this route into Chanpaif-n, In I9O8, 
the Oyoron Stroetroute v.'as constructed, onterin,: the c-npus in; lo'li-'tely south of the 
Chonistry Buildinn -xici extending west to Wri/ht Str.et, then north to connect with 
the othrr line, in I909, the Green Street tracks were renoved, partly to relievo 



5^7 

dii^tur'bT.nccs caused ^^t the Physics Buildinj-:, and partly to conply -ith the con- 
tr'ct pcrr-iittinj^ the construction of the 3j.egon Street line across the canpus. 
At the sane tine, the lino fron UrlDana over the old rifiht of way was double- 
tracked cast of Burrill Ji-vonue, for it v/<as nocessrary to provide the additional 
tr-'ckc to naintain proper schedules for both local md. interurbaxi service. 

All of these linos continued to suppl;/" tr-'-ua sport at ion services to and 
throu.ii the University district for a nu:iber of years. Hov/evcr, other foms of 
tr.insport, principally the autonobile and city bus, gradually cajiu into beinr: 
and findlly superceded then, brin.^inj^ ab'-ut their renov.-d. H^e Orc-'on Street, 
John Street, and Wri,-ht Street lines '.vere taken up ab(vut ■'.930> T.nd the Short Lino, 
the route over the old ri('Jit-of-v,'ay, '.vas discontinued .about 19^0, -all routes 
E;:ivinc- \iny to city bus service, 

Gh^tr.ipaifin-Urbana City Linos, J^nc ^ ,- Bus service '.^as established over practically 
the sa;ie routers as the street-Car lines 'jhen the car-line service wr^ discontinued, 
and has been naintained to the present tine, the Chaiipairpi-UrbMna Lines, Inc., 
operatin..: throe routes bo^twoen tho T-vin Cities throu.^h the c-iiipus district ,-t'.7o 
linns crossing]; the Cfuipus area on Green Street ajid one on Sprin^^field Avenue, 
This tjrpo of service is nuch bettor th-m thnt v/hich it supplanted, ca.usin,^ lass 
noise and providin;^ ..lore confort^blc service for the University Connunity. 



58S 
CHAPTER XKI 
LI3aASI3S Ain LIB3AHY MAT3RIALS 
A. C31ITaAL, MAIN, OR 531ISRAX UHIV3RSITY LIBRARY 
3arly Library Facilities.- Within a ver^^ short time after its opening, the Univ- 
ersity began to maintain a Cgntral, Uain, or General Library, which contained some 
books and periodicals relating to subjects in engineering. This General Library 
and its attending Reading Room were first located in a small room on the second 
floor of the Old University Building on University Ayenue, there being about 5,000 
voliomes in all subjects in IS70. When University Hall V7as completed in 1873. the 
General Library was transferred to the third floor of the west vdng of that buildini^ 
where it was assigned to a room 61 by 77 feet in size. 

The University Catalogue ;ind Circular of ISS9-9O stated in regard to the Ggneral 
Library: "The library, selected with reference to the literary and scientific 

studies required in the sever.ol courses, includes about 19,000 volumes, and addition 

* 
are made every year, 

"The large library hall fitted up as a reading room, is open throughout the 
day for stud;y-, reading, and consulting authorities. It is intended that the use of 
the library shall largely supplement the class-room instruction in ?\11 departments. 
Constant reference is made in classes to v7orks contained in the library, and their 
study is encouraged or required, The reading room is well provided with American, 
English, Trench, and German papers and periodicals, embracing some of the most im- 
portant publications in science and art." 

The same Circular and Catalogue gave in addition, a list of periodicals reg- 
ularly received at that time, which included the following teclmical publications 
of special interest to engineers: Builder (London), American Engineer, Transactions 
of the American Society of Civil Engineers, Engineering News, Scientific American, 
Scientific American Supplement, Electrician (London), Engineering and Building 
Record, School of Mines Q,uarterly, Car and Locomotive Builder, American Architect, 
American Machinist, Wgatem Manufacturer, Gazette of the Patent Office, Mechanics, 



529 

Locomotive, and Anorican Artisan, 

"The library itself, had its beginning in a tiny room behind the regent's office 
At that time it was necessary for each student to hr^vo a signed order from his 
Professor in order to remove a book from the home-made shelves. Once inside the 
Library, men sat on the east side of the room, vmile the women v/ero herded to the 
west side. Student mail was filed alphabetically in a comer rack."-'- 

In 1896-97 a. special library building was erected (Nov,' AltgeldHall) and this 
housed the University Library until I92U-23, when the first unit of the present 
Library vms erected. 

General Library facilities I^xtended.- Ihe following table gives the number of 
volumes v/hich the University has had at various times since the beginning: 

TA3LS XKI- OTJ10S3 op VOLUIGS IN THE UITr/SHSITY LIBHAHY, IZGii-lsUk 

Year Volumes 

1362-69 1,092 • 

69-70 3,&^^ 

13~t^ ■ 10,000 • • 

79-20 12,55c 

29-90 19,00c 

95-96 22,200 

00-01 ^7.07^ 

05-06 23.136 

10-11 120,371 

15-16 343,220 

20-21 ^ 430,253 

25-26 633,322 

30-31 900,000 

35-36 1,011,933 

i+o-^i 1,265,000 

I+2-U3 1,306,560 

On June 30, 19'4U, the library had, in addition to its 1,351,432 volumes of 

books, U12 maiauscripts, 393,330 pamphlets, U772 catalo.^cd maps, and l6,071 picixs 

of sheet music. 

For a number of years, the University of Illinois Librn,ry has r.-uiked fifth 

among the largtst of educational institutions, -only Harvard, Yale, Columbia, and 

Cliicago exceeding it in the number of volumes, -and firr^t among the state univcrsitioi- 

1. Illinois Alumni K^^ws, April 7, I943, page 10. 



590 

3. 31151 1C]3RI1I& LI32AH.IS-S 
(xcneVLil,- In the o-irly d-Mys of the University there wore no formal college or 
departniontal libraries, since there were comparatively fcv; "books, and no duplicates 
in the General University Librory, and since it \-i3.z thou^t the books were more 
useful in the General Library than distributed around the cjunpus. Gradually, 
ho'.7evcr, to meet the particular needs, small informal collections of books began 
to be accmmlatcd at -i, fev/ points about the campus, principally in the offices of 
departments, for at th.-i.t time, the various buildings were so crov/ded that it was 
difficult or impossible to find a separate room for a dep;'-rtmental library; and 
besides the finances of the University would not permit the employment of any one 
to have charge of the books and magnzines. 

In IS5U, at the time of the opening of Engineering Eall, there was established 
a scmblfUice of an engineering libr?i,ry in Room 301, adjacent to the office of the 
Do'in of the College, The reading room as it was then called, contained the 
computing instrument;-; and other simil:)r apparatus that belonged to the College in 
general. This equipment included a Thom,'i.s ' 10-place arithmometer, nn. Ansler's 
integrator, Cor-if^dis rolling and radial planimoters, a large p.antograph, numerous 
tnblcs, and other .■•ids in computations, ra.any of which had been used when the 
College ■-.'■IS located in University H^ill, 

With the 1/ipsc 01 tine and the gradual improvement of the financial status 
of the University, ■■uiA v/ith ne-.v buildings providing more room for the College 
purposes, rnther sub '.-t ant i -J. collections of books, periodicnls, and other 
engineering m'\teri'ils begnn to be brought together in the various offices ;ind 
dcpirtm. nt-1 reading rooms of the College and in the General University Library, 
for it was rcicoj^iised even in the early days that there was no instructional 
facility th^t could be of grt^ater value to the undergraduate as well as the more 
?idvanci:d students -uid the faculty, the,n a good library. 



1. The Tr;chnogr.-ph, ISgU-g'j, p.-ige I7L'. 



591 

As oarly as 1915> 'T-s the result of tho accumulations, the G-pneral Library, 
beg-ui to Tdc so congr.stod '.vith books -ind students that there developed the idea 
that the College of 3nginecring should have a ccntr;\l library of its own, under 
its o'Tn control. Acoordinsjly, pl.anr, ^erc developed, .and after sone agitation 
and some discouragement, the College obtained authority in the spring of 1916 to 
proceed v/ith the ost-'iblisliment of such a library. The place chosen for the lo- 
cation of the library '.7as on the first floor of the north wing of Engineering 
iiall. Considerable remodelling, of course, v/as necessary to transfona this wing 
into suitnble o^uarters for library purposes. 

In March, I916, tho p.-u-titions separating the six rooms and" the hallvcy 
under the Inrge lecture room './ere removed, rmd \7ithan a short time the entire 
section '.7as converted fi'ou classrooms, instrument rooms, 1,'iboratories, and 
offices into one light, airy, comfort■^ble room, conveniently located for student 
and faculty use. The room was provided with tables, chairs, and suitnble 
ligtiting facilities, affording accommodations for nearly 100 readers, and v/ith 
steel stacks sufficient to house several thous-md volumes of books and periodicals. 

At that time, thi.; departments of Civil Snginecring, Mpchanical Engineering, 
Municipal -uid Sanitary Engineering, and 3lectric,-a Engineering joined forces in 
bringing the materials from their department -il collections into the new library, 
■Ithough the department of Electrical Engineering retained a considerable number of 
volumes in its ov/n building for use there. The dep-irtmcnts of H^il'jay Engineering 
and Mining Engineering retained their separate reading room in the Transportation 
Building, sending only a fcT volumes from their collection to the Engineering 
Library, 

On September 13, I916, the library opened its doors v/ith a collection of 
about 2,000 volumes on various onginct^ring subjects, ci small collection of refer- 
ence books, a nucleus of a good collection of engineering handbooks, .-ind ^0 current 



1, Somcj of the materials in this and the follov/ing two paragraphs were t-^ken from 
tho J,uiuary,19lS,Yol.:CCCII, issue of the -Teclinograph,-an article by Elsie Louise 
3aechtold entitled "Tho, Engineering Library", pages IO6-IO8, 



592 

cngiriGoring periodicals. Uoct of this inatorial had been traxisforrod from the Main 
or G-nnernl Library, •\nd '.7as arranged according to the &cneral Library classif ication. 
It was made avail vble to all students and fn,ciilty; and fluring the first eight months, 
the library staff cn,red for the needs of 36,000 patrons. 

At the end of the first school year, there had been collect .^d about 6,000 
volumes, besides those still in the ^^il'.vay nnd Mining Engineering Library in the 
Transportation Building. These included m.-my handbooks, engineering ;\nd other 
encyitlopGdi'is including the Encyclopedia Brittnnica and the New International, 
society publications, state njid. city publications, -books on all engineering subjects 
and a good collection of bound periodic,-=as. There v/ere more than 800 manufacturing 
catalogues, -about 1,^00 lantern slides, and 200 current periodicals. During the yea? 
the north corridor, 30 feet in length, had been made a part of the library spac; and 
vn.s used for exhibit }!urposcs, aiid it -was found necessary to double the stnck capacit 
to provide for the gro'.ving collection of books. 

The establislmont of the engineering library v/aa a long step in advance over 
previous conditions, bec;xusc it offered a more comfortable place for the students to 
read and study and greatly increased their use of books and technical journals. 

As time 'vent on, ho-vever.thc Library became so ovorcro'7ded -vith students, books, 
and periodicals, that in 193^1 't^^G assembly room on the second floor immediately 
above it, origin.ally used as the Physics lecture room, and three other small rooms 
adjacent were conv. rtod into additional library space, forming one large main room 
and one small stud;/ or conference room. T'.vo stairways v/cre provided to m,ak0 thlp 
upper floor accessible from the first floor main-library room. This second floor is 
now occupied with bound periodicals and student stud;/ tables. The total seating 
capacity of both floors of the Library in I9U5 is 210 students, including several 
individual study tables for faculty members and graduate students. 

In I'^k'j, the Library contains about 50,000 volumes, including textbooks and 
hand-books of American and foreign production, bound volumes of magazines of Americ-'i 
nnd foreign issue, nnd publications and journals of all the major engineering 



593 

societies n.nd. pir-ictic:dl;,- -ill of the minor societios of this country -mcl abroud, 
and is continually tioing onlarf^od on a progressive scplc. It contains a complete 
.file of the bulletins issued "by the University 3nginooring Experiment Station and of 
the stf'.tions of most of the other colleges and universities of this country. It hat 
a long list of "bulletins and documents published by the ^n^cral aovornmcnt on 
subjects of engineering interest. It has -tIso a large collection of biographical 
sketches of engineers ,and of early books on engineering. Its collections of 
early books on mechanics and strength of materials, on r lil-vays, aiid on the 
telephone and telegraph -.re considered by some to be among the best in the country. 
It has a small collection of. books for gencr?\l reading, including a coll..ction of 
''engineering fiction", of popul-\r books in science, -u-.d of books on voc-i.tional 
guidance along enginoLring linos. Each, year, important books and sots on engineerin, 
in foreign languages us '/'cll as in the English language arc added to the library'-. 
There is an excellent collection of gcner-a technical dictionaries iit the several 
foreign l.anguages, \iith definitions in English, as ■.-.•ell as similar dictionaries in^ 
the spcci.al fields of engineering. Apjiroximately 50*^ teclinical and other publicatio: 
of engineering societies are currently received, most of the, sets of ^7hich are 
complete from the beginiiing. 

The Ockerson collection of books on Hiver Iniprovcirient, which v/as a part of the 
private library of the l.-,te John A, Ockerson of the Class of 1273. was presented to 
the University of Illinois by Mj-is. Ockerson in 192^-, and is housed in the 
Engin';ering L^brary^ 

To aid in reference and research "/ork, the Engineering Library has complete 

S.ets of the Engineering Index, the Indust:.-ial Arts IndcXj Bibliographic Index, 

lii -h^vay-Sesoarch ^i.o:;tra,ct3, Jn.j'-.nerie Journjil nf En;'inet.-ring A'3str'-'Ct s, 

Internation.al Bibliography of Engineering and Industry, Chemical Abstracts, Science 
Abstrncts, Building-Science A^bstracts, Engineering Abstr.'icts, Public H.^alth 
Engineering Abstracts, Hoad Abstracts, Summary of Current Liter/'.ture on 'sV'ater 
Pollution Research, and Z^ntrallblatt fur Mcchanik, as ucll as indexes to individual 
sots of magazines, publications of societies, and other series. Many other 



yj4 

bibliogi-aphical aids in rolatnd fiolds aro in the Main Univorsit7 Li'bn.ry. 

To nssist the Yrork in connection vdth clHSsroom aasignnents, one conplote 
section of the stacks in the Sngineering Library is used for reserve books set 
aside for reference purposes. 

One feature of the College Library that has air/ays been vovj popular -vith the 
students hns been the collection of books on biography, natural history, travel, 
fiction, ethics, poetry, etc., that has been maintained on the shelves or on 
open tables available for student use. O(,cassionally, special collections per- 
taining to particular topics, such as in I92U-25, "The Sarly Days of the Telegraph", 
have been borrowed fron the General Librar-y for display here. The Librarj' has 
m-".intained for sorae tine, cxliibits of small spccinons of nuseun materials loaned 
by departments or members of the faculty fron their o'.vn collections. 

Much engineering material, in addition, is housed in the University G-eneral 
Library, including old editions of books and much original matter, such .a,s the 
original studies and computations of the Chicafi-o Associ-ition of Commerce Committeo 
of Investigation on Smoke Abatement and Slectrification of R^.il'-'JT.y Terminals in 
Chicago, the fin;il report in bound form being kept in the Bngineering Library, Many 
of the engineering publications issued by state, federal, and foreign governments ar 
also in tho Univijrsity Library. 

The librf'Ty is no'J or ha,s boan supplemented by several specialized, or depart-- 
mental libraries, of a scientific and engineering nature. Hotably among these are 
the libraries in C(^r?uaic Engineering, Hailw.a^/ ajid Mining Bnginecring, Chemistry and 
Chemical Engineering, Physics, Sloctrical Engineering, and Mathematics, some of whicj 
arc described later in this chapter. 

Library hours h-:ve al'.vays been arranged for student convenience. During the 
School year, tho hours have been from 7:50 in the morning until 1C:00 at night, At 
other tines tho hours arc generally fron 8:00 to 12:00 in the forenoon and from 
1:00 to 5:00 in the afternoon. H^serve books may be tri^.cn out over night, but must 
bo returned by 9:00 the next norning. Other books are subject to loans for t'70 'loek 
.at a tine. 



595 

It is ii.ipoGsiblc to ovcrciaphasizc the value of n, central library to -oi oduca-* 
tiorv 1 inistitution. Ab v/ell attcnpt to operate a nachinc; ;;hop without pji adequate 
supply of tools as to ca.rry on instructional and cxperir.i. nt.-"! -.vork v;ithout a con- 
prehensivo library. Its studj' roons provide siT:ip''thctic nnd han.ionious surroundings 
for undividr:d attention to th.-: subjects at hand aijd its literature serves to keep 
the students and faculty abrci.st of the tiiaos, -dthough i.iost fnculty nonbers, of 
course, rcc(.-!ive regularly their o-m copies of prof essiomd journ.-ils .and magazines. 
Its './orth for reference in connection '.vith the classroon and laborp.tory nssignnents 
;aid ',7ith research under \-n\ir by gradu-ite studants and faculty is incalculable. As it 
has been developed fron tii.ie to time throughout the yciu-:., the College of Sngincerii 
Libr^iry has gone a long v/;iy in meeting the needs -.vhich such an ostablishnent should 
bo able to supply. 

C. EliaiNSSHING LIBHAHY PSRSONUIIL 
'General.- The College of Engineering has been fortunate in the solaction of per- 
sonnel assigned to conduct the work of the Engineering Library, At all tines durir.; 
the year especially ^7hen school is in session, there have been -.rell-trained 
attendax^^ts cat the loan desk or otherwise avail^'blc, to serve the needs of the 
College body. Brief biographies of those in clvirgo are recorded in the following 
no t e 3 . 

Elsie Louise B,-i.cchtold»-» ^ Librarian of the Engineering Library nt the tine of its 
opening in igib, received the A,3, dogroo fron G-rinnell College in I9II, She 
served as Library Aosistrxnt at G-rinnell during I912-I3, -T-d Library Assistant at 
the University of Illinois during I913-I6, receiving the B.L.S. degree here in I916. 
She ronained in charge of the Engineering Library here until August, 1919i ■•'?hen 
she resigned to accept a position in the Hochnical Branch of the Los Angeles Public 
Library, Later, she h;'d other .'ippointMents, but passed aw-iy at her hone in Denver, 
Colorado, on April 22, I937. 

Hilda Josephine Alscth c;ij.io to the University in I912 and served as Assistajit 
Librarian in the Engino'^ring Library during 1918-19. '!?hcn Miss Baechtold resigned 



596 

in 1919, liiss Alsetli bccnrie Librra-inn of th... Engineering Library '^nd hns sorvcd in 
that c-ija.cit7 to dat.:. Sho received the A, 3. degree fron Ynnkton College in 1926 
and the B.L.S. at thr; Univcraity of Illinois in I927, h-i.ving for several years 
carried her classroon work in the Library School in addition to her Engineering 
Library duties. 

Student Assistants. - During the school year v;hnn the Library- is open fourteen 
hours r\ df\.y except Sunday, it is necessary to have thi- help of student assistants. 
Many of these assistants have been chosen frun registrants in the College of 
Engineering, although souo have been fron oth^r schools or colleges, 

D. D3FAIITLI2NTA1 LI3RAHIZS AUD S3IIiIAHISS 
Oeneral.- I^ the very early d.ays of the University, the depart:.;ent s began to set 
up seininaries that contained soue periodicals dev-ted to v/ork along their special 
lines. Even as far back a.s ti-han the College of Engineering occupied University Hall^ 
this custom prevailed. It was continued when the College noved into'its new 
quarters in Engineering Eall in I89U, where each dcpartnent -jas provided with a 
seuinary roou for its particular needs. The net hod of the seuinary systen was to 
furnish the student references in st.-mda.rd engineering publications and fron these 
he v;,'. 3 required to gather infon.iation on sonc particular topic. Ij^ sone departnents. 
v/cekly neetings were held in the seninary roon for the discussion of technical 
litcrnturo. In each of these roous v/crc kept on file all of the leading Anerican 
and foreign technical Journals pertaining to the '.vorl: of the dopartnent. 

Out of the seninary systen developed the plan of a departneatal library, - 
thu Departncnt of Architecture being about the first to establish such a library 
with others following suit , including the Departnents of Cpranic Engineering, 
Mining and Metallurgical Bnginoci'ing, Electrical Engineering, Rpilv/.ay Engineering, 
and Physics. Sone desci-ijjtions of these libraries follov/ in the next few pages. 



1, "The College of Engine- ring", by It, R. Morrison, '95, and P. Junkcrsfeld, '95, 
in the Trchnograph, Vol. 9, 159C95. 



597 

Arcl-dtc;ctur.-^.l Li'brr,r:%- Much of the nonoy th-t other dcp-irtncnts -.vould ordinarily 
h-vc apent for 1 ^1)0 rr>.t o ry oquipuont, went towards thi- 'buildinf; up of tho dcpartncntpj 
liljr'-.ry in architecture, for tho library constitutes the \ioT]zinc. center in every 
;,rchitoctural departnent . A University Circular issued in I9OS-O9 carried the 
follov;inr; stateuent in this conn-ctionj "Unlike cngincorinf;, .-architecture is nble 
to utilize the excellent ideas in dcsif:^^ j reduced during: past '\t~es; therefore, the 
nost inportant and ind3spen3-'\ble part of the oquipnent of a departnent of 
.-■■rchitccture is a good library containing full illustrations of the best uonuncnts 
of th'-: --reat historicnl styles. To uaJce such a collection of books requires naiiy 
y..ars of careful collection, avoiding useless and inferior Materials, but including 
the b-'Sal treatises on the principal architectural styles, esfecially those con- 
taining the latest results of excavations pjad other researches, The careful 
exar.un.ation of the ruins of nn ancient teraplo or a palace nay entirely change the 
v;cll~scttlcd belief of our -mcestors, '.vhen everything '.vas conforta,bly»decided be- 
yond the roach of criticisn. The client of pn architect nay denajid a villa in 
Grcci'-n, Gothic, French Hpnaissance, or even in one of the norc unusual styles. 
Hence the necessity for the student to acquaint hinsclf v/ith the spirit and forns 
of all inportant styles in order to apply then **• nodorn purpose". 

Consistently fron tii.ie to ti::ic, since the Icpiartnont -ras established, there 
vfas added to the collection, the best stnndard 7/orks in Encvlish, French, and 
G-oriian, carefully selected for their usefulness in history;- and design, a vast 
ano-unt of naterial for tr.'icin.-s, tho productions in conpetitive designs, the 
latest books, and a conplete file of the nost inport,--jit periodicals -^T.d professional 
Journrds. Througliout the years, every effort \7as n.-\de to keep it abreast of the 
tines and to naintain its position as one of the outst -"ndin,? libraries of its kind 
in the country. A rather conplete description of its history is given in the 
cnaptor entitled "Tlie Departnent of Architecture", 



1, U. of I, Circular of Infor.-.ation of the College of Engineering, Vol, V, June 

15, 1908, :jo.. 29. 



598 

adlv/ny and Mining EntTinooring Library. - Tho H^iil-.7ay and Mining Sngincoring 
Library containing about 1,000 volui.ica -'as installed in Rooii 202, Transportation 
Building, in IToveubcr , 191^. The roor.i v/as open from 2:00 a.ra, until 6:00 p.n,, 
but tlicro v/a.s an a.ttondant present only during one hour ,-'. day. Bocauso of 
obvious difficulties involved in this arrangcri ;nt, the library w-.s discontinued, 
and in Uay, I9I0, the roon was given up, A fev/ of the rail'.vay books v/ere placed 
in the departnent.il office in 101 Transportation Building, but aost of t}ien were 
transferred to the Sngineoring Library in Zngincering Hall. Many of tho mining 
books v/erc taken to the departr-iontal office at 203 Tr.anaportation Building, and 
the rest were renoved to the Engineering Library, 

Physics Library.- \lhon the; Dep'.rtnent of Physics novcd into its new building in 
1909* it set aside Roon 201 adjacent to the dcpartncntal office on the second floor 
for library and soninar use, alid has continued to use it for that purpose to d.i.te. 
The books, including texts, encyclopedias, dictionaries, and other reference pub- 
lications kept there, are for advanced study by students n.ajoring in Physics and 
for reference use by nciibers of tho teaching and rcsc.rch st-iff . Approxinately 75 
current periodicals i;i English, French, and G-on.ian, arc received by the library, 
tho bound volwaes of v/hich ,':,re filed there for reference use. Altogether, about 
4,100 volui.ies are assigned to this library. 

Electrical Engineering Librai-y*- At the tine of its organiza.tion, the Departnont 
of Electrical Engineering began to n^.int'iin a snail refer(;nce library in its 
scninary roon for the use of students and faculty nenbers, When the Departnont 
noved into its building on Burrill Avenuia, it sot isido one roon as a rea,ding 
roon for the Electrical Engineering Society, Throughout the years„ follov/ing ,the 
Departnont continued to naintain one roon in this building a,s a library for the 
convenience of the students and faculty interested v/ith this particular lino of 

engineering until June, 193^1 v/hen it turned ^ts collection over to the Engineering 
Libm.ryt 

1, The date of the opening v/as Hovenber 11, 



599 
Cor-jiic 3nf:inoci ^ inc Ll"brn.i7.- Pron tho tir.ic tlie Dopnrtnont of Coranics wns organize 
in 1905,. it iDGt^nn to ■■ccuniil-'.to Ijooks of ccmnic interest for tho use of its student 
and tho nonbcrs of tho toachinf staff. By tho tine the Dcjartnont Joined the 
Colloro of En,^ineorin,T, tho coll^^ction had rrovm to rather substantial proportions; 
raid 'jhon it novod into its new "buildin^; on Goodwin Avcuuo, it aGsi,-ncd a roon 
sonc\7ha.t adjacent to the dcpartncntal office for tho use of the Library and Rf^adinf^ 
Econ,. Lr-tcr, it shifted its offices so as to provide an adjoinin^'; ro iM for the pur^- 
poso. B.sides tho 1,000 voluin;s of textbooks on hand in I9U5, the Departnont re- 
ceives -ib^jut 37 current pivriodic/ils and journals th-.t pertain to tho coranics 
industry. Sound volu.nos of those periodicals are kvjpt on file also for reference 
use in connection with class and laborator:/ assif-Tuicnt s as "'ell as for research 
purposes. AltO(::ethcr, in I9U5, the Ceranic En;;^ineerin:-- Libr/u-y contains approxi- 
n-vtely c?,500 volur:ios dcalin.™ 'vith subjects in ccrfiriics and the phases of physical, 
chcnical, and s'^eolor^ica^l sciences that are vital for study in this particular field 
of enginocrin;:. 

3. TEXTBOOKS 
3arly-D ay Blueprint Toxt books.- The nost serious obst icln that confronted tho 
c-^rly instructors in the Coll.;,f;(T of 3n!-];ineerinf-^ was the utter lack of textbooks in 
tany of the subjects they sou;i;ht to present. The best texts available would novt 
be considered intolerably poor; but in several inportant subjects, particularly in 
ncch'inical cn;;^inoerin;: and architecture, there v/ere absolutely no textbooks. Further, 
if ncnory is not in errcjr, durin.^ the tine hero under consideration none of tho 
nany present-day nothods of duplicating nanuscripts had been invented, except 
that in ISfZ the blueprint process cane into use. In an attenpt to ncet the lack 
of textbooks, P-^ofossor Hickor fuid Professor B.aker in the sunner of I879 with their 
o'.7n ha.nds fitted up a roo;i in tho basement of University K.-H (then kno'.wi as the 
Main Univirsity Buildin--) as a blueprint photOi-^raphic labor;..td)ry, and n.adc the 
necessary trestles, exposure franes, dark roons, ta:iJ:s, and drying frajies for 
■taking sun-prints of lecture notes. Also during that suiincr, (\ach transcribed for 



6oo 

bluopi-'intin,-' several series oi lecture n-itci nlren.d;- on Ivind. Brofcssor Ricker 
t:rped his on dct-dl pn.p.;r, and Professor Baicor •jroto his lo)a{;;-hand on parchriont 
tracin/^ paper. Later, a, student nadc l)luoprint:s of these sheets and sold then to 
the students. 

In the course of three or four years the "blueprint laboratory was .annually 
printinr' and sollin.i; to en,:;ineerin,': students 2^,000 to 3(J»'-''0C; pa^es of lecture 
notes. Subsequent editions of souo of these lecture notes ultiiiatoly were published 
aoS ti.xtbooks in cither instituticms in this and other countries. Ultiuatoly other 
nethods of reproducin,: lecture notes v/eru invented, and new textbooks wore published, 
ajid hence the blueprint la.b orator:,' \7as ab-'ind.med, — none too soon for the s.afety of 
the students' eyes. Hov/ovcr, the blueprint textbook was an inportant factor in the 
oarly history of the Collef::c of Siv^ineerint:. 

List ^ of Textbooks Written by H,;.;,ibers of the Bn^dneerin,:; Faculty.- The standard of 
■.7ork dono by an cducati'n-d institution is neasurod, in part at loa^, by the recr^rd 
of publications, specially of textbooks produced ^oy itr, fa,culty. The noiibers of the 
f'',culty of the Collet^e of Sni-^inec^rinf"^ here h-^ve writti^n probably :iorc toxtbo.iks than 
those of 'Tiy other on;dneerin>; fa,culty in the cc^untry. The follov/in,-;; list rives the 
n-'jies of the authors and co-a.uthors, arranged alphabetically by dopartnents, the 
titles of the texts, thi.: da.tcs of printin,::, and the nnaicc of the publishers. A 
few cf the books were v/ritten before the authors joined the sta,ff at the University. 
A fev;, also, were published after the authors loft the University, but in such 
instances, nuch of the iiatcri-ds for the uanuscripts ■.7er(^^ prepared while the writers 
v;cre connected with the University. In the n.ain, tiiou,":h, books v/ritten by authors 
after they left the University are not included in the list, 

Ma.ny of those texts have had a wide accnptajice j-uaonj^ the cn.dncering schools 
of the land, and have been extensively read by risr. en,:a..'ed in professional service. 

a. AHCHIT3CTUHB 
Hev/lin IDolbey M^ri':an 

"Continuous IrxAus of Reinforced Concrete", with Hardy Cross, published by John 
I'iley & Sons in 193^, 



6ci 



"The Pr,-jicisc-in UiGr.ion Architecture-: of Alt-.^ G^lifornin" , Fubliohcd by The 
Architoctur-.l Bcok Publishiu,'; Cr-np-ny in I916. 

"Old l.:issii)n Churchuii and Historic Housus of Cnlif aTiia", published by J. 3. 
Lippincott Co-ipany in 192|^. 

"Tl-iG Spanish Hnui50 for Aj.u;rica", publir.hcd by J. 3. Lippincott Cujipr.jiy in I927. 

"Modi t err Hjiu.an D.acstic Architecturi. in the United States," published "by 
J, H. Jansen in I928. 

"In the Lincoln Country", published by J. 3. Lipjinc.itt C, i.ip'iny in 1928. 

"Outlines of the Histoi'y of Architecture", published in four parts by John 
Wiley and Sons durin,-: 192L'-39» 

Bine Architecture" -.vith w. A. Poster, published by Jchn liloy and Sons in 1932, 
liathan Clifford aickor 

"Blor.cntary Graphical Statics and Construction of Trussed Hoof^", published 
by V;. T. Cojistr.ck in ISSS; third oditio-n in 1292. 

"a Treatise on Dcsi.'n and Construction i;f Ht^ofs", published 'oy Joiin Wiley nnd 
Sons in I912. 

"Sirij.lif icd Furr.ulas and Tobies for Floors, Joists and Bo^is; Roofs, Safters 
■aid Purlins" published by John ".7ilcy and Sons in 1913« 
Willinr. Sidney Wolfe 

"Gr-iihiC'il Andynis", published by McG^a-v-Hill 3(jok Conpany in I921, 
b. CSRAiaC EifGIilZEaillG 
imdre;/ Irvinr iyndrov/s 

"Coranic Tests and Calcul'^ti'-ns;" , published oy John Wiley & Sons in 1922. 

"Snanels", published by th, T-vin City Publishin- Conpany, Cha..ipni::;n, in 1935. 

"Sn-.j-icl Laboratory Kpiiual" , v;ith H-dph L. Co-^k, published by The Go.rrard 
P^ess, Chonpair-n. in I9U1. 



1. Fr( fossr.r Uewcr.nb •.•roto sevcr-a bo.ks after I93I that r.re not contained in this 
list. 



o02 

R^il^ili Lp, Verne Cyok 

"3n,-uiel Labor.-tor:'.^ M.-vnual", -'.'ith Aiidrc-v Irvin,'; Androv.'s, ouolishscL by the 
Sprrard Pros'?, Chr>,'iprien, in I94I. 

Bd'.V'xrd Wi;;ht ITnsh'burn 

"Introduction to the Principles of Physical Chonistry", Published by McGraw 
Hill Book Conp.-rny"in 1915; second edition in I921. 

c. CIVIL ziiGniiiiiEii::a 

E-irold Baton Bab bitt 

"Sewerage and Scv/af:c Treatncnt", published by Jolm ^Tiloy & Sons in I92U. 

"Plunbin,r", published by McGravz-Hill Book Conpany in I92S. 

"Water Supply Snf~incorin.T" v.ath J. J. Doland, published by McGraw-Hill Book 
Conpany in 1929; third edition in 1939 • 

"W-_tor Supply and Purification", Section X of Civil Sngineors' E-oid-Book, pub- 
lished by licGra-.7-Hill Book Go;.ipany in I93U, 

_Ira Osborne Bpjcor 

"Lcvelinj^; Barouctric, Trif-cnoiietric, and Spirit", publi;:hed by D. Vfin Hostranc 
Conp.'iny in 16Z6-, fourth editirm in ISl-^. Hopublishod irf ?rench in I912. 

"a Treatise on i.if>3c;nr;/ Construct ic^n" by John 'iiley and Sons in I889; tenth cditio: 
in 1920. 

"Engineers' Surveyin;:: Instrui-ients, -their Construction, Adjustacnt, ?ind Use", 
published by John '.Tilcy and Sons in I892; second edition in 1915» 

"a Tr oat ice on Hoads .and Pavononts" , published by John Wiley and Sons in I903 ; 
third edition in 1912, 

3d',7ard JiJzra Bauer 



"Plain Concrete", published by I'icGrav/-Hill Book Conpany in I92S; second cditio; 
in 1936, 

"Hi,;-h7ny Materials", published by McGra-.«-Hill Book Conpany in 1922; second cditio: 
in 1932. 

John Stanley Crandcll 

'jnapter on "Hi.ii'.7ay Znj-ineorin.:" in the ijj.iorican Civil Snsr^ineor's Pocketbook, 
published by J^hn liley & Sons in I93O. 

Hard;;^ Cross 

"Continuous Pranes of Hoinforcod Concrete", -jrith IJ, D, Mor.';an, published by 
John Wiley & Sons in I932. 



6o3 

Chapters X.XIV.XV, --nd XIX, of KirRcr's Architect's .-vnd BuilfUn;' Hnnd^ook. 

Rn ynond 12-^.rl D.-ivis 

"K-inuil of Survoyin.-: for Fiold .and Office", published ^rj lIcG-rav; Hill Book Co- 
npany in 1915; second edition in 192S, 

^ J-inc G Joseph Poland 

"Water Supply I]n'-T.ncorin,'r" , -.vith H.2.Ba''obitt,pu'jlishGd 'by HcGra'.v Hill Book Conpany 
1929; third edition in I939. 

Chapter I5, "General 2n:-cinccrinr HandV.rk",puolished l3y McGra:7-Hill Book Co,1932. 
_jjllilncy. Cl ark Kuntin.-;:to n 

"Buildin-* Construction" .puolishcd by John '7ilcy & Sons, I929, second edition 19UI 

^Milo Snith Kctchun 

" Survey iUf-.: Manual", -.rith 'J.L.Ponce, published by McGraw-Hill Book Conp.any in 19OO; 
fifth edition in 1932. 

"DBBifiO of Steel Mill Buildin.^s", published by i'.cGrav.'-Hill Book Conpany in I903 ; 
fifth edition in 1932. 

"Dcsi,-n of ■Jr,lls,Bins,aiid Grain Slcvators", published by McGra'7-Hill Book conpany 
in 1907; third edition in I9IS. 

"Dcsir^n of lijrjiway Brid.-^os of 3^001-, Tinber and Concrete" .published by McGra;>-Hill 

Book conp.-m;'- in I90S; second edition in 1920, 
"Desii^n rf Mine Structures", published by McGraa-Hill Book Conpany in I912. 

"Structural Iln.-tinecrs' Haji-ibook", published by McGr-v? Hill Book Conpany in 191^+; 
third edition in I92U. 

"Stresses in Trailed Structures; Part I of Dcsirrn of Steel Mill 3uildin.;s", pub- 
lished by McGira'.7-Hill Book Conpany in 1932^ 

Everett Hr'.rjw Kinn, See: Railv/ay UnfinecrinrT, Chapter XV. 

■Albert Boycr M c 33 anicl 

"3xcavatinr~ Machinery" , published by McGra'.7-Hill Book Conpany in 1913 • 

"3.arth'.7ork, Parts I a.n-l II" .nublishcd by the Arioricaji School of Corresnondence in 

'1915. 
.- Wi 1 1 ian D. Pence 

"Surveying M.anual", '7it]i M.S. Kctchun, published by McGrn:,7-Hill Book Conpany in 
I9OO; fifth edition in I932. 

C harles "iTpsloy Ma lcolu 

"31encnts of Gr.njihic St-^tics" .published by 'Eio Author, I907; revised, I912. 

Frederick Haynes Ncv/ell 

'' "V<ater Supply for Irrigation", published by Govei'iment Printinr; Office in IS9U. 

"Irri;-:ation in the United States", imblished by T.Y.Crowell & Conpany in 1902; 
second edition in I906, 

"Principles of Irrir^atic n Snf-^ineerinf:" , with D,\7. Murphy, published by McGraw- 
^. Hill 3»ok Conp.any in 1913^ 



6oii - 

"Irrirrtion K.nnn.-ejiont" , joublishcd 'by ID. Apploton de C'jnp-ui^' in I916. 

"2n.-:inot-rin:- -1,3 ,-1 Career" -ith C,I],Dr;iycr, publisnod "by D.Vnji l^'ostr.-'ml Coiipruny 
in igib. 

"Irizor Resources, proacnt and future Uses", published by the Ynlo University 
Press in ig^^O. 

"Pl^.miiv 'U'ld BuildiUf-; thu City of Washin,>;ti)n", published by the iir.i.shin,;ton 
^ Soci'.;ty of 3n,-5ineer3 :md edited by Dr. Hn-Tcll, ig32. 

G-corre Vifollini''ton Picki.ls 



"Hailro-d Suin/-oyin,V' ,"'/ith C.C.^iloy. publi;:hed by John Wiley & Sons in I913. 

"Dr--,in.-r,:e ;\nd Plood-Control Enf-ineerijif;;", publir.hed by McGriv-Kill Book CoMp;-ny 
in 1925; second edition in I9U1, 

"Lnnd Drn,inar:o in Illin:, is" ,3ull.;tin N0.U2 (rovi'.^ed) of the Illinois G-eolo.-icnl 
Survey. 

"Route Surveyin-", '.'ith C.C.Iiloy, vuJlished by John 'iVil.-y & Sons in I93O; 
second edition in I939. 

Willi -in Horace E%mor 

"Surveyin,:;, " -ith R.3. Davis njid J'.S.Footo, published by McGr'iv.'-Eill Book Coap.-j.: 
in 1923. •, 

"31c,icnts of Su.-voyin,7" '.'ith R.~;.D->vis nnd I'.S.Poote, published by Mc3-rn,v/-Hill 
Book Conp--'.ny in I93O. 

"Surveyin:^" , published by D.V.-in Nostr^oid Gonpany in 1937* 

"Advanced Survcyin.;'" , ]>ublished by D.Y-^n Kostrand CoMpr'Xiy in I94I. 

Pr-'nl-: Berry Sanbor n 

"I'och-uiics Problems for Sn.aneerin/- Students", published by The Snginoering 
^ Ne'/s Publishin.T Genpany in 1902; second edition by John Wiley and Sons in 

1906. 
Jeron o Sondo rickcr 

"K(;tos on Gr.'iphic Statics", published by Jolm "kViley a,nd Sons in I903. 

lor-ias Clark Shedd 

"Theory of Sinple Structures", -/ith J,V;',-'tijr, published b;' John Jilcy a Suns 
in 1931 ; second edition in ig4-l. 

"Structur'il Desi.-n in Steel", yjuolished by J<d-Ln Wiley d Sons in I93U. 

Frnn k ViThit-'orth Stu bbs 

"]i3sti;.i'ites .niiL Cost of Construction", publish.^d O'j Jfihn Wiley a Sons in 193S. 

JCarl gerz-',--:h i 

""^:orph^lnJ•io and Hydro -v^phin des Kro•.tischr^n Karstcs", -published in S^dapcst 
in 1913. 



605 

"Brdb-iu;-i()chnnik" , publishod in Vionnp,, in I925. 

"In,7;cnii3urt":Golo,^ie", co-author, published in I929. 

"Thooric dcr Sctzun;^ von Tonschichtcn", co-author, published in Vienna in 193b. 

"Srdb-uncchnnik und Bauprrocis, co-authr.r, publishod in I937. 

"Kir^orotical Soil Mechanics", publishod by John '.!fil':y & Sons in I9U3, 

tJai.iison Vav/tor 

"Theory of Si.iple Stinicturcs" , with T.C.Shcdd, published by John '.Tiley & Sons 
in 193I; Goct.nd oditicn in I9U1. 

Leslie Abr^.n 'Si-vt rbury 

"A Vest Pocket E-^jidbo^^k of ri.-.the;v.tics" , published by John '.Viley and Sons in 
IQOS; third edition in I9I9. 

"Cc::ient Lnbor-i.tory M-'nu'il", published by Joiin 'Jiloy M.nd Sons in 1908, 

"Labor-rtory Kanu.'il for the Use of Students" .puolishod by J</nn Vfiley & Sons in 191.' 

_Carro ll Ca rson Wiley 

"Railroad Surveyin •", -./ith iJ.TJ.Pickels, published Vj J^.-m 17iloy & Sons in I9I3, 

"Rriute Surveyin.-",', 'ith G.W.Pickels, published oy John Wiley & So^s in' I93O; 
Soc-.nd -jditirr. in 1939 . 

"Principles of Highway Sni-inoerin/-" , published by '^^cGra-.'-Hill 3.,ok Conpany in 
1923; second edition in 1935. 

Clen ent Claranco Williaus 

"Dosi.Ti of H,nilT;oy Location", published by John Wiley & ^ons in 1917; second 
edition in I92U, 

"EesifTn of Uas'-nry Structures ?5iid Poundatirns" , published by ilcG-m-'-Hill Eook 
Com-'ny in 1922; sec -nd edition in 1930. 

"Builrlin- ■111 Sn-Tineerin,-: C-i.reer", published by I'IcGra'v-Hill Book Cn ip-ny in 193^» 

Wi Ib ur 11. Wils on 

Section 0:1 "Statically Indeton;in-'te Stresses" in Hr.ol and Kinnc's Stresses in 
Prnned Structures, published by McG-ra-^Hill Book Conp-vny in I923, 



d. HLECTRICAL 31J&IKB5IlIiJG 



Ernst Julius Ber-; 



"Blcctric-1 Bncr.:;/, its Generation, 'rr-insiiissi^'n, and Utiliz-.tim" , published by 
I-IcGrv '-Hill 3rol: Ccnp-^ny in I902. 

Eu/-h Alox-ndcr Br^\7n 



"Hadi^-Jronucncy niectx'ic-d I! ,isur'; icnts" , published by McGra; --Kill 3®ok 
Conp-^ny in I93I; ^ccm^ c.diti .;; in I933. 



WillinTi 3sty 

"Slonents of Slcctricnl EnrincerinsV' Vol I, I906, and Vf 1 II, I907, •.vith W.S. 
?r--ji]:lin, published by the Mp.cLIillan Coupnjiy. 

"Dyn.-mc. Laboratory ll-muril" "rith W.S.Prruiiain, C.S.Clewell, .■ind S.S.Seyfcit, pub- 
lished by the llacMill.-ui Conp^my in I90S, 

"Dynp/.if.s nnd llotors" v/ith '.7»S,?rn,nklin published oy the MacUill/m Conp-ijiy in I909. 

"Altcrnp.tin,- Current Machincry"published by the Ai'.iericfin Currcsp ndence Schools 
in 1912. 



"Connunic'ti'-.n Sn.-ineerin.;" , published by UcGr.-iw- .lill Br-k Co:,ip.-uv' in 1932; 
scc'.nd cditirn in 1937* 

"Fundnnentnls of il-di'." .'Jith 3.C. Jr,rd,-n, publish.^d by Prentice E-dl.Inc. in I9U2. 

Section on Telephony and TclOf-irr.plv in the Standard Hnndbo-k for Sloctrical 3n.-inc' 

Max Albert Faucet t 

"liachines in Slectricd liigineorin.'" , with J.O.Kraehenbuchl, published by J;ihn 
S. S-.7ift Coupany in I937. 

"Circuits in 31uctrical Sn-inceriur-;" , "7ith J,0,Kraehenbuehl,publi shed by J'.'hn S. 
S'./ift Ctjiipany in 193b; second cditi ai, 1937. 

"Circuits -'nd Machines in Slcctrical Iii,;inei.rinf,'", vdth J. 0. Krachenbuehl, 
published by John Wiley a Sons in 1939* 

G-ilb ort Ho '.yard Jet t 

"Introduction to Circuit An-. lysis", with A.3.Kni.i;ht , published by Stipes pub- 
lishing- Cr,np .ny, Ch;y.ip.-ii. 11, in 1939, and 'oy Earper <4 Br thors in 19^3* 

3d'/?ard Conrad Jc'rda.'i 



"Fundajvontals of Hadio",v/ith '7.L.3vcritt , published by Pycntice Hnll, inc. , in 19^2. 

Abncr Ri chard KnirTit 

"Introduction to Circuit Andysis", -..'ith G-.K.?-tt, published by Stipes publishin?? 
Conpany, Ch,anp-'i;-rn, in 1939, and by Eirper 6s Brothers in I9U3. 

John Ot to Kgachenbuch l 

"ICachines in Slt.^ctrical 3n,-:ineorin.T" , with M.AiF-iucctt , jiublishcd by John S. 
Swift. Co.u]v>ny in I937. 

"Circuits in Slo.ctrical Un.-^ineorin.-" , vdtli i;,.i..5''aucctt , pu'3lisi\> d by John S. Sv;ift 
Cf !ipany in 1935; second edition in I937. 

"Circuits and I-^rchines in 31ectrical 3n.-inoerin;,-:" , with l.i.A.F-iucett , published 
by John TTiloy -.nd Sons in 1939^ 

"Electrical Illunination" , published by Johji S. Swift Conp^Xiy in I9U0, -md 'oy 
John T7iley and Sons in 19'4,'?. 



b07 

Herbert Jo seph R eich 

"Slieory .'ind Applic-itir n of I^lectron Tubes" .publishe^l by McG-ra-.'-Kill Book Conpany 
in 1939.' 

"Principles of 31cctrcn Tubes", published by I'.cGrnv-Hill Bonk Conpanj^ in I9U1, 

"Ultr'i-Ki,:h Prequency T^,chniques" , with J. G, Brainord, Glenn Koohl or, ?uid L.F. 
Woodruff, published by D.V;ui Nostrond Conpany in I5U2, 

C n.rl 3ric Slcrodcr 

"Laboratory Analysis of Diroct-Gurront M.achinos", published by Bdward Brothers 
in I9U1. 

John Kline Tuthill, Sec Hail'./ay 3n,:ine!Tin(:, Chapter XV 

c. &J1EIL\L 31IGI1I33HI1IG DiU'.7llIG 

H'ui do Iph Philip Hoelsche r 

"Teaching; licchc'inicnl Drav/in^^" , published by John Wiley and Sons in 19'"9» 

"Bngincerinf-,' Dra'.7in.'^" , with H.H.Jorden, published by John V/iloy and Snns in 1923; 
third edition in 193^. 

"Basic Units in Kpch'inical Dra'Tin.-;" , -.ith A.B.lviys, jxiblishod by Jnhn Wiley ?ind 
Sons, Bonk I in 1933; second edition in I9UI; B,v,k II in I93U. 

"3ssentials of Drafting:", vdth Clifford H. Sprin;t.:r, published by the Illini 
Union Bookstore, Ch.'i;.ipai:m, in I9U2, 

"Industrial I'r'J'iu.ct inn Illustratinn for Students, Draftsi.ien, and Illustrators", 

',7ith C.E.Sprin.Ter and H.?. Pnhle, published by McGrav/~Hill Book Gonp.-uiy in 19^3. 

_H;\rvey H erbert Jor dan 

"Descrijjtive G^onetry", with ?,iC, Porter, published by Ginn & Goapany in I925 

"3nein.iorinf^ Dra'-vin^-", vdth H.P.Hoelsch,-r, published by John Wiley & Soas in I923; 
third edition in 193-'» 

"Zn^ineorini';; n. Career, a. Culture" .published by 3uf-:incorinf^'; foundation in 1932. 

Jaxies Thoburn Londruzi 



"Architectural Projections", -ith F.i:. Porter, published by John S.Smft Co. in I93' 

H-ar^^y■ Willard M iller 

"Uechajiical Draf tin,^" , published by li-nual Arts Press, P(/)ria, in 1915; revised I9I'; 

"Descriptive Goonotry" ,1915; revised I912 nnd published by John Wiley & Sf,ns; 
seventh edition, I9U1, 

F ranc is Harion Por t e r 

' "Mochqnical Dr-.ftin-", published by ilajiual Arts Press, Peoria in I915. 

"Descriptive G^onetry", "ith H.H.Jorda,n, j^ublished by Ginn and Conpany in I929.. 

"Architectural Projections", -dth J.S. Lcndrun, published by John S, Sviift Conppny 
, iJ^ 1935. 
Cli f f rd Harry Spr in.rcr 

"ZsRcntials of Sn, Ineorin.' Dr/iftin.r" , \,'ith H.P.Hjelscher, published by Illini 
Union Bookstore, Chanpal.^, in iqU2, 



bOS 

"Induritrial rroductior. Ulu-jtrntion fcr ^tudcr.tG, Dr.nftsnon, .'Uid Illustrat.rs" , 

•vitia H.P. H-jclGch. r njid H.F. Pohle, published by l'IcGr,-7-Hill 3ool: Co. in 1943. 

f. U^CKAiaCAL 3ireilTZL:^III(J 
_3ruc c_J7i llet Bcuodict 

"2.?,il'.7^\j' Shop Up-to-D;itc",v/ith M.H.H^d,-, publi:;h.ed by the 3ail\7P,y Master Mpchnnic 
in 1907. 

"Bnttomont 3riGfs",publisho.d by Cmno n,nd Company, TopoJca, Zans-.s, in I9O8. 
(lir. Benedict -.71,3 dlitor of this book.) 

Cnrl Herbert Cnsbor.'; 



"Shop Sch(jol Adiiinistr.-ation",-/ith A.B.Mn;/s, published by Binicc Publiahin:; Co. in 19'J 
ji3d\/nrd J.-iiiescn Crane 



"Uechanics of Machinori^" .'.vith C.W.HnM, r.uDlished by llcGra-.T-Hill 3euk Co;ip;uiy, I92/; 
second edition in l^'jB- 

How ard 3dY/ard Dci ^-l6r 

"Sto-;:,Air,and Gas Povcr", v.-ith W.H.Sovorns, published by John Wiley & Sons in 
1929, Third edition in 1939. 

G eo r .'^G A . Gro o denn u ^ -h 

"Pirst Course in Calculus" ,Y/ith 3. J.Townscnd, published by H.Holt & Cr.npany in 19(17 
"Essentials of C dculus" , •■ith L. J.T;)vnsGnd, published by H.K. It & Conp-my in 19IO. 
"Principles of Thornrid-.-naincs" , published by H. Hr-lt & Co:rna,ny in*L911; third 
edition in 1920^ 

"Prop':rities of Steavi and ^buy nia", published by o'ohn V/iley & S-ns in Wl'j; 
sccf.nd cditi- n in I9I7. 

Ch'iptor i.n Thcn.iodynnnics in the Ai:ieric-<ii Civil SnTineers h.raidbo'k, 

'Jilliaii ?rconari Llyrick Gc^ss 

"Bench 70' rk in \7ood" , published by Ginn ^nd CoMpany in 129O. 

"Lcco;.iotive Spo.rks", published by John ^7iley and Sons in 190^?.. 

"Locor.ctivc P-:rfr.niance", ,>ublished by John Wiley .-ijid Srns in I907. 

"Hijri S^oaiA Pressure in Locoaotive S,.,rvice" .published by C'\rn. -ie Institution of 
Yashin -ton, in I907. 

"Superheated S+e.an in Loc:ii.-iotive Service" .published by Carnei^ie Institution of 
Wa-,hin,-t .n in I9IO, 

"Snoke Abate.ient and 31ectrif icaticn of R-iil'.vay 1!r,rnin-.ls in Chicane" -jjublishod by 
Hand, Mcll.illy aJid Oonp/iny, in 151i:'» 

^J)l'trenCG Walte r E-a.i. 

I "Mechanics of Llachinery" . Y.'ith 3. J. Crane, published by licGrav^i-Hill Book Conpany 

in 1927; sec^aid edition in I93S. 
Socti -n on "Pipe and Pipe ?ittin.:;s" in iiark's Kcch,'inic.-vl 3nci;ino*rs Handbcjok, 
published by McGr.-vv-Hill Book Cuiipany in I93O, 

Louis Allen H-^rdin ;: -^ 

"Hechrtnical Equipnent of Buildinr's", Tol.I, "Heatin.-^ pjid Ventilation", and Vol, II, 
"Po-T^er Plants and li-f ri.-cration" , vdth A.CTTillard, published 'by Jolin iil'-.y 
«jiri Srns in I916; second oditiv.n in I929, 



bOS" 

"Ho'itin--:, Ventilatiiip-;, -^jid Air-Conditio;iinr:" , nl.io vdth A.C.'Jill-rd, published 'by 
John Wiley n.nd Sons in 1916; second edition revised in I932. 

Osc.-xr AdolphJDcutv/iler 

"Slcnents of Machine Dosi^-n" , published by Mc&raw-Hill Sook Conpruiy in I917. 

"Pi'cblcns in l/Ia,chinG Dcsif-'n", published by McGraw-Hill Book Conp-my in I923. 
Horace Jm.icf; Kacintire 

"Uoch-uaical Rcfric'er-.tion" , })ublished by John 'Jiley and Sons in I91U 

"Principles of Kechanical HefrisT'eratiun" , published by McJra-7-Hill Book Coupany in 
1922; second edition in I928. 

"Handbook of llechanical Hof ri -eration" , published by John Wiley & Sons in 1928. 

"Section on Eefri,Tor-i,t ion in American Society of 3,4' ri|T;erator Snf^lnoering Data 
Book, 1952. 

Chapter on Scfri.-^eration in 3-oneral 3n "^inoerin,^ Eandbook, 1932 

"Hofric-eration Iln;:"ineorin;f' , published by John V/iley and Sons in 1937; revised 
print inr: in I9U0. 

Jo s eph Al bert Pol son 

"Internfil Cor.bustion Iln;-'ines", published by Jr,hn Wiley & Sons in 1931; second 
• edition in I9U2. 

_C ',.rl B dwar d Schubert 

"llnnual of Foundry Practice", -.vith A.D,Wrinht and J.?.Woridell, published by the 
Blooninr;ton Pajit af::;raph in 193'+ • 

"foundry Practice", published by John S.S-vift C',iip.-ijiy in I9U1, 

Wi Hi aj i Earriso n _S q ve rn s ^ 

"Steai.i,iiir,and Gas Power", with H.S.Se^-^ler, published by John Wiley & Sons in I929; 
third edition in 1939» 

"H^atin,-", Ventilatin;.',and Air-Conditicnin/; Fundarientals" .published by John Wiley 
and Sons in 1937* 

Ar,thur C utt s Wi ll a.rd 

"LlcChanical Equipi.ient of 3uildin(-s" , Vol.1, "Hf^atin^; and Ventilation" , and Vol.11, 
"Pov;er Plants and Hofri,;cration" ,'.7ith L.A.Hardin;-^, published by John Wiley 
and Sons in 191b; second edition in 19^9» 

"H,.,atin,:, V^nti latin,:;, and Air-Conditionin,;", also vith L.A.Hardin.^, published by 
John Wiley & Sons in 1916; second cditi<.n in 1932. 

John PranJc Woo dell 

"Manual of Poundr:,- Practice" , with 0.3, Schubert njid A.D.Wri -ht.j ublished by 
The 31oonin,':ton Pantar'raph in 193"+« 

Arthur ? annant Wood s 

"Elenenta„ry licchanisn", "ith AfW.Stnhl, jiublishcd by D.Van Nostrand in 1S35. 

"Co.ipound Loconotives" , published by D.Vnn Uostrand Conpany in IS9I. 



610 

Amoa David Wright 

Manual of "Foundiy Practice", with C. E. Schubert and J. F. Woodell, published by 
the Blooolneton Pantagraph In 193^*. 

Everett Qllham Young . See Railway Btaglneerlng. 

g. Mining end Metallurgy 

Arthur Joeeyh Hosklne 

"The Business of Mining", published by J. B. Llpplncott Conpany In 1912. 

Harry Harkness Stoek 

"Economic Hlstoiy of Anthracite", part of "Economic Hlstroy of the United States", 
published by Carnegie Institution of Washington, D.C. 

"The Pennsylvania Anthracite Coal Field", In Tventy-Second Annual Report of the 
U.S. Geological Survey, I9OO-OI. 

h. Physics 

Albert Pruden Carman 

Sectlcm on "Electricity and Magnetism" in Alexander W. Duff's "Physics for 
Students of Science and fingineerlag" , published by J. Blakiston's Son and 
Company in I908; sixth edition in I926. l/ 

Chftrles Tobias Knlpp 

"Conduction of Electricity through Gases" in Alexander W. Duff's "Physics for 
Students of Science and Engineering", published by J. Blakiston's Son and 
Conpaoy in sixth edition in 1926. l/ 

Jakob Sunz 

"ThebretlBche Physik auf Mechaniecher Grundlage", published by F. Qike in I907. 

"Theories of Magnetism", with others. Bulletin No. I8 of the National Research 
Council, published by the National Research Council in 1922. 

TranelatioQ of part of Volume III of Helmholts's "Physiological Optics", pifblished 
by the Optical dociety of America in I925. 

Francis Wheeler Loomis 

"Molecular Spectra in Gases", with others, published by the National Research 
Council in second edition in 1930. 

Robert Frederick Pat on 

"Physics for Colleges", vith Sheldon, Kent, and Miller, published by D. Van 
Nostrand Company in 1925; second edition in I926. 



1/ These two sections by Professors Gannan and Knlpp were combined in the seventh 
edition, 1932. 



.■^I'ac-.xi: 






/Ooti-iCtfawfi' nx , "Mc 



\X,.,dS^X at stol^,ih§i.ASv:tB Al "^SDUSquoO 






.--!:c^fet■1o"•*;■ 'w: i\r- 



6lOa 
WiUlaa Frederick Schulz 

"Manual of Experiments In General Physics, published by D. Van Nostrand Co. In 
1932. 

Floyd Rows Watson 

"Acoustics of Buildings", published by John Vtley & Sons In 1923; second edition 

In 1930. 
Chapter 35, Acoustics of Bulldlxigs In Kidder-Parker "Architects and Builders 

Handbook" In 1931. 



i. RAILWAY BN&IKJ1ERIK& 

611 



Alonzo MorriG Buck 



"The 3lcctric a-iil-v.-y", published by the McGraw-Hill Book Conpnr.y in I9I5. 
Everett ijd.Tnr ilint": 

"Railway Slrnaling", published by UcGra'v-Kill Book Coupany in 1921. 
Shelby Sauf ley Hoberts 

"Track For;iul-c -ud Tables", published by John Wil.-y & Sons in iqiO. 

Ed\7nrd Charles Schnidt . 



Section on Rail-vay En-iincorin.! in Mpchauical 3n,;incors ' Handbook, published 
by KicGra'.7~Hill Bo-'k Company. 

John Kline Tuthi ll 

"Tr-^nsit Eni^inccrin.^" , jmblishcd by Jolon S.S'.vift & Conpo.ny in 1935* 

Everett Gilhaji Youn,"^ 

"xln.il-.7ay Iloch.anical En.-incerin;-:" , published by Uin,3 Chan.-: Press, Shanfjiai, 
China, in I923. 

J. THBOHBTICAl AJfD APPLIED MECHANICS 

Jasp er Owo n Draffin 

« 
"Strcn,-:th of Materials", published by John 'Jilcy <3: Sons in 1928. 

Chapter in H.F.IIonrc's "A Text- book of Mat.'-rials of Enninccrin,-:" , fourth 
edition published by McGra-.-.'~Kill booh Conp-my in I93O; aixth edition in I9U1. 

"The Story of Man's q,ue?t for Wo.tor", published by the Garrard Pj-ess, Chanpaii-^n, 
in 1939. 

Jlnlvin Lo^ronius Enf;cr 

"Hydraulics", published by the Ij^tcrn-:.tional Tnict-Bnok Conpany. 

Ne vton Ed-.7ard Ens i ja. 

";uialyticn,l Mechanics for Engineers", 'vith P.3. Seely, published by Jolin liViley 
& Sons in I92I; third edition in I9U1, 

Herbert Fisher Moore 

"A Textbook of Materials of En.--inocrin,V' , publir-hed by McGr-'v-Hill Book 
Conp-ny in I917: sixth edition in igUi, 

"The Pati:-?ac of Motald", v/ith J.B.K-^rxiers, published V/ McGra'.7-Hill Book 
Conpany in I927, 

"Manual of the Endurance of Mptals under Repeated S^^ress", published by 
En,-'ineorinr-r Foundation in I927. 

Section VII of Mprrinan's Civil Sni^inecr's Handbook, published by John 
Wiley & Sons in Foui'th edition, I92O, and fifth edition in I93O. 



612 

Hnrvcy Sllioon Murd ock 

" St I' on, It h of ll-n-tcrirao", puolishcd by John Wiley & Sons in I91I. 

Frcd_^.__Secly_ 

"Annlyticnl KpChr.j\icc for ZjUsiineors" , v/ith N.2. ijnsii'n, published oy John 
ITilcy & S ns in 192I; third edition in I9U1. 

"Rcsist'incc of llatcrinlr," , published by John Wiley & Sons in 1925; second 
edition in 1935, 

"Advr^iiced Fi^chanics of Materials", published by John Wiley & Sons in I932. 

Art hur Np\ 7e ll Tnlbo t 

"Tnc Roil'.vay Transition Spiral", published by HcG-ra-.v-Kill 3ook Conpany in 
1899; sixth edition in I927. 



613 
CliAPTER XXII 
EVOLUTION OF ENGINEDHING COURSDS .illD CUEHICULA 
General .»• The f^radual evolution of the curricula during the various stages in 
the development of the several dopartnonts in the Collei^o of Enrf.neerinf^ rbirinp; 
the last three-quarters of a century, represents the con"bined opinion and judgment ' 
of the teachin,?: staff in the lir^ht of its ovm experiences and the reconncndations ' ■• 
of professional f-:;roups, to keep pace vrtth the dcnands inposod by chan,-i,n,:; conditions 
in industrial practice, for practically every field of eniTlneerin^^ science has con- 
stantly o:q)anded as society has r^ro-^n noro conplex and involved. The presentations 
that follow outline only a fo" of the nain steps in this developnent, for it is 
inpos:&53l©to include all the prof-^essivo chan^jes that have been nade during this 
period of educational advanconent. 

A. C0UBS3S iJID CUEHICULa PEOM 1868 to I90O 
a. FIRST CUERICULii-'- IN Tin FCUR dEIGINAL DBP/jmiENTS 
Co\irses and C^^rlc^lla at the Openint-; of the University,- At the bo^inninf; of the 
University, all subjects were elective; for tvjo years no set curricula wore 
established, althou^ih the courses and curricula of study at several other institur- 
tions including Eennselear Polytecluiic Institute, Massachusetts Institute of 
TechnolOf:y, and University of Hichifian were printed in the University Catalot^e 
and Circular as "sUf^Cj^estions to students". In I869-70, however, fairly definite 
four-year cotirscs of studj' in Mechanical and Civil Engineerinr; were " reconnended" , 
The Catalogue and Circular (as it was then called) of IS7I-72 listed definite 
arranf:enonts of the four enf-^ineerinr," curricula in Mechanical 3n,':inocrin^^, Civil 
Bn^ineerlnF-:;, Mining BnfCinoerinn and lletallurry, and Architecture and Fine Arts as 
provided by the action of the Board of Trustees. The University CatalOf'^ie and 
Circular of I872-73 cont'iinod the following descriptive natorials and the four 



1. It is of interest to note that the word curriculuri in con ion usare today, 
seldon appeared in the Annual Re,':ister until igi6-17. 



'5ik 

curricula in engineorlng. listed in the order ^^iven below. 

School of Mechanlccil Engineering 
rirst Year2 

1.3 Solid Oponetry, 7 weeks, and id^ebra, 7 weeks; Descriptive O^onetry and 

Drawing, lOySnglish or French; History, 2. 

2. Advanced Algebra; Jree-hnnd Drawing, 10; Sn/^lish or French; History, 2. 

3. Plane and Spherical Trlflononotry; Free-hnnd Drarrlni:;, 10; English or French; 
Bstoiy 2. 

Second Year 

1. Desiring and Drawing, 10; Advanced Descriptive &e"i^®*'^y; Geman, 

2. Shop Practice and Drnwlnfi, 10; Analytical Geonotry; Oenaan. 

3. Shop Pj^ctlce, 10; Calculus; Gernan. 

Third Year 

1. Principles of MeChanlsri; Calculus: Pjinclples of Chenlstry; Vacation Journal 
and Uenolr. 

2. Analytical U^chnnlcs; Physics; Shades, Shadows, and Perspective, 10. 

3. Analytical Mechanics, 3; Descriptive Astronony, k; Physics; Chenlstry Lab- 
oratoxy Practice, 10, 

Fourth Year 
1. I^draullcs, 1, Themodynanlcs and Pneunatlcs, U; Seslstance of Materials, 
trusses; Oeolo^ or M^ntnl Philosophy; Vacation Journal and M^olr* 



1. In all issues of the University catalogues up to and including I693-9U, the 
curricula were listed in the folloTrlng order: Ueehnnlcal Engineering, (Slectrical 
Jkiglneerlng after Its adoption in 1890}» Civil JJhgineerin,^, (Municipal end San^- 
Itary Engineering after Its adoption In I692), Mining Shgineorlng until It was 
dropped In 1893)'» and Architecture. In I89U-95 and later Issues, they were 
listed alphabetically. 

2» The school year was divided into throe terns of lU, 12, and 10 wedcs 
respectively. 



3, Tom 



Thenxinber follotilng the subject Indlaatcs the nunbor of hours a wedc required 
in the course. Unless othertrlse 'designated, the students net one hour each 
school day. 






.3 .vtoisiil jrfaoOTl to ri»iJte«£*. 

.nrmeO j^i/ItfoXfifC'. •..( ,■■■'':■■■ 
:xnx/oI» nol^flO^V tX^tttvoA^ \o aolqtanlj^ ;B«ritr>Xa5 ywinnrto^M t^ e^tft'' 



c-on-,- 01 !-r.r /.'.: ^^T V t-Tt-i -j:ytdf -•■^i >a!'f?!..' 



ri* tund «ao ^an «^aeJ»cr9« eiU tt<oij^ir,tao') oslmod^o j^eoi 



6i5 

2. Priae Movers, Millwork; Finished Mq,chlne Drriuinf2;s, 10; History of Clvlllaatlorx. 

3. MlU-noric and Machines; De8l^Tns and Bstlnates, 10; Political Bconoriy; Thesis, 

Vacation Journal and Menoirs 

"Journals of Travel are roquirod to bo kept during siunncr vacations. Entries 
should be nade as often as once a week, and consist of notices of Manufactories, 
especially of their peculiar nechnnical nethods and nachlnos. Dinensions of 
large or injjortant nachinery, such as stationary en.^ines of water works, "blowing 
or hoistin,^ enftinos, and nachinery in use in ninln.'^ or other operations, nay fom 
a part of the record. The Journals of the first Vacation are to be read and dis- 
cussed in connection with the class in Desi<?iin,T and Shop Practice, and those of 
the second in connection with the Class in Clnenatlcs and Principles of Mechanisn. 
They Bho\ild be illustrated by sketches reproduced upon the blackboard. 

"Reports of Menoirs upon visits nud observations of the third vacation, will 
be required instead of Journals, to bo read In the class in Machine Drawing during 
the niddle tern of the fourth year. 

"These reports should be nade upon rare and intorestin,^ nechanical operations 
or nachinery, such as nakin,'; gas pipe, spinnings sine, copper and brass ware, 
nanufacturin^: saws, etc. They '.Till bo placed in the Library of the School, aBd 
should be illustrated by nnplc sketches and drawln,!^3." 

SGIDOL CF CIVIL ENGINESEINO 

C3JBCT tF TUB SCIiSOL 

"The School is desiiined to furnish a course of theoretical instruction, 
acconpanied and Illustrated by a large anount of practice, which 'vill enable 
students to enter intelligently upon the various ind inportant duties of the 
Engineer. Those viho desire a preparation, at once broad and thorough, and who 
are willing to nake persevering effort to obtain It, are cordially Invited to 
connect thenselves with this School". 

C0UES3 OF STUDiaS 

"The Conplete Course occupies four years The studies of the first 

three years will prepare students for undertaking nany engineering operations, such 
as the building of railroads, canals, enbanknents, etc. The fourth year is in- 
tended to fit then for the higher Engineering constructions, as the building of 
arches, trussed bridges, and supporting franes of all kinds. 

"Each year consists of thirty-six working weeks, divided into Fall, "nJinter and 

Spring terns, Each recitation requires one hour in the class roon, and its 

preparation should be given an average tine of three hours." 

School of Civil Engineering 

First Year 

Sane as Mechanical Engineering 



1. Page 31 



6i6 
Second Ygar 

1. Land Surveying and Drn'jinn, 10; Advanced Descriptive Geonetry; Oernan, 

2. Typographical and Right-line Drawing, 10; Analytical Oeonetry; Oerr.ian. 

3. Topographical Surveying and Dra^ring, 10; Calculus; Qeman, 

Third Year 

1. Eailroad Surveying and Dra\7ing, 10; Calculus; Principles of Chenistry; 
Vacation' ,, Journal and Menoir, 

2. Analytical Mechanice; Physics; Shades, Shadows, and Perspective, 10, 

3. Analytical Mechanics, 3; Descriptive ^stronomy, U; Physics; Chemical 

Lahoratory Practice ,10. 

Fourth Year 

1. I^draulics, 1, Practical ^istronony and Geortosy, 8; Eesistance of Materials, 
Trusses; Geolo,^ or i-iontal Philosophy; Vacati-->n Journal and Menoir, 

2. Bridge Construction; rinishod Bnginecring Drawings, 10; History of Civiliaatlon. 

3. Stone Uork, 8; Architectural Drav7ing, 8; Political Econony; Thesis. 

Vacation Journals 

"Journals arc required to be kept by each student during his second and third 
year vacations. They nust be rrrittcn as often as once a week, rmd will contain 
accounts of the travels and occupations, with special reference to natters pertain* 
ing to his chosen profession, and general attention to all scientific and industrial 
facts. They will bo presented during the Fall terns, read before the Class, inter- 
esting facts discussed, and narked and credited as studies of the course, 

"It is rcconncndod that students enploy their vacations in Snf'ineerlng practice. 
To facilitate this inportant part of their preparation, students of creditable 
standing at the ends of the second and third years of their courses, can obtain 
certificates to this effect fron the Professor in charge," 

Projects and Vacation llenoirs 

"During the Sprtng Tm of the second year, an accurate Topographical Survey 
of a locality is nade by the Glass, •,7ith reference to the execution of a Project 
in Railroad Engineering, which is then given to the Class for consideration and 
discussion, but which is executed in the Fall T,em of the next year. The Plane- 
table is used as in the U.S. Surveys. 

"The Project consists ofj Menoirs, Location, Drawings and Bstinates. 

"The Monoir will prepare a location for a railroad to fulfill certain exact 
requirenents, and wi ll state the reasons for the choice with the necessary 
1. Pages 34-35. 



•IT ?.♦-:*""•< 






rtj* 6LrUiijJoT»" 



617 

calculations and cstlnates. It will be presented at the openin;:; of the Tall 
Tern, Different ncnoirs will be conpnxed, and one or tw routes decided upon for 
the class to work up. 

"The Location will consist in runninic: the line over the routes decided upon, 
with all the necessary neasurcnents and calculations for establishinj-; the ^ades, 
setting: slope stakes, deteralnin;; the onount of earth-work, dosiit^iinn the 
buildin,';s, bridi'Tes, culverts, etc. 

"The Drawings will include: Alifsment, Profile, Plans, and Sections, 

"The Estimates will j^ive the cost of ^-round, earth-work, structures, rolling 
stock, etc.; expenses of opcratin,- the line and estinatod incone» 

"a Menoir \7ill also bo required at the openin;:; of the fourth year upon an 
allowed subject, and a Project in 3n^noerin,5 construction will be executed during 
the year." 

School of Architecture 

First Year 

Sane as Mechanical Eni::inecrin<:; 

Second Year 

1. Joinery, and Detail Drawin.;:;, 10; Advanced Descriptive Oeonetry; Oeroan. 

2. History of Architecture, Drawing. 10; *inalytical Oeonotry; Oeman. 

3. Methods of Architecture, Drawing, 10; Calculus; German. 

Third Year 

1. History of Architecture, Drawinr:, 10; Calculus or Surveying; Principles of 
Chenistry. 

2, History of io-chitecturo, Drawing, 8; Analytical Mechanics; Shades, 
Shadows, and Perspective, S. 

3» History of Architecture, Drawing, S; Crayon Drawing fron Plates, 8; 
Mechanics and Astronony, or Mineralogy. 
Fourth Year 

1. History of Architecture, Drawing, Crayon Drawing fron Casts, 10; Resistance 
of Materials, Trusaas; Geology or Mental Philosophy; Vacation Journal and 
Menoir. 

2. Architectural Designing, 8; Conpl te Drawings, 8; Physics. 

3. Specifications, Sstinates, 8; Stone i^nrk, S; Physics; Thesis. 



-''J[p'. . e 'f 1_ • , 10. • t.-.v; .-»li IQ. ■ .(-?•:> 



■ tCL t>ni * 



.540 ,jtocd> 






^i[J3^il :8 ■,~,i">^-r^ .•^-ry." 



:o , G ■) ."^ 



. . I 



6is 

Vacation Journals pjid Menoirs 

Sone work was required in Journals BZid Menoirs in the Architectural curricu- 
lun, but not so nuch as in sone of the other departnents. 

Schorl of Mining Ungineering 

First Year 

Sane as Mechanical 2ti/;lneering 

Secf nd Year 

Sarie as Civil En^neering 

Third Year 

1. Railroad Survoyin,'; and Drawinni 10; Calculus; Principles of Chenistry; 
Vacation Journal and Menolr* 

2. Analytical Mechanics; Physics; Chenlc=il Laboratory Practice, 10. 

3. Minoralr>'y and Crystallo.^raphy; Physics; Doscrlptivo Aatronony, k, Chenical 
Laboratory Practice, 10. 

Fourth Year 

1. Hydraulics, 1, Practical Astronony and Geodesy, S; Cherilcal laboratory 
Practice, 10; Geology or Mentfil Philosophy; Vacation Journal and Monolr. 

2. Assaying; Minin;-; Enf^ineorln,":; Mctallur,T-. 

3. MininrT Drawin,-;, 10; Metallurgy; Gerlony of Mininn Districts; Thesis, 

The General Arrangement of the Curricula »-In modeling the details of the first 
courses of study, the materials were planned then as now, to give the students 

a thorough training in the fundamental principles underlying all engineering 

generally and such added instruction in special lines as would enable them to 

meet the problems of some particular field, -an arrangement designed for insxiring 

professional growth in the years ahead while preparing for positions in immediate 

service. As arranged, the primary and basic theoretical subjects as mathematics, 

physics, cheml3tiy» elementary drawing, and descriptive geometiy were all placed 

in the first two years or as early as possible in the instructional program, and 

the applied subjects in the last two years, -a practice that was borrowed from 

French Universities and one that is still maintained in all the curricula ■* •'* 



^hteootTvob Xjtoxor- 



, iJutoW J' 



6i9 
of the College of Engineering not only in Illinois, but also in other engineering 
schools of the country. The advantages of teaching theory first and professional 
applications later is obvious, of course. In addition, this arrangement of 
standardization conanon to eill schools simplified transfer where students were 
obliged to go from one department or one school to another. The requirements for 
graduation were thus rigidly fixed, there being little choice of subjects and no 
place for free eloctivcs in the several programs. Much emphasis was placed on 
mathematics then as now, not only for the mental training it provided within 
itself, but also because it furnished the foundation for the more advanced subjects. 

That the faculty was keenly aware of the benefits to be derived from construc- 
tive and original writing, is evidenced by the requirement that each student had 
to prepare vacation journals nnd memoirs, describing some phase of the vrork with 
which he was connected during the summer period. As a further indication of the 
value which the faculty placed upon such documents, some of them, at least, were 
deposited in the University Library for reference use, for it must be remembered 
that not many textbooks were available for reference or study purposes in those 
days. 

Thesis . -The first publicntion of definite courses of study, appearing in the 
University Catalogue and Circular of 1871~72, stated that a thesis was a require- 
ment for graduation in engineering, but not in other colleges. Ko time was 
assigned for the preparation of the thesis; and therefore it becasiG in fnct nn 
extra subject added to the regular curriculum of study. The Catalogue and 
Circular of 1873 carried the following statement regarding the subject of thesis: 

"In all the Schools of this College a Thesis is required of those who graduate. 
It must be an original composition of l suitable length, upon a subject appropriate 
to the School, and approved by the Professor in charge. The student must be 
prepared to read, explain and defend it before his class. It must be illustrated 
with such photographs, drawings and sketches as may bo needed, and embellished 
with a title page neatly designed and printed '^ith India ink, or colors. It must 
be upon Regulation Paper and securely bound. It will be prepared during the 
latter part of the fourth year and presented at the close of the course, after 
which it will be deposited in the Library of the College." 

The more competent and more ambitious students usually looked upon the thesis 









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aoiiisotbat Toift iW otli :^i'iid> boiviaaoo saw otf lioiii^ 



620 
as a challenge to thoir attainmonts and also a* an epportunlty to test their 
power of independent 'vork and original research; and many such students worked on 
their theses "^rith well-directed energy and enthusiasm, particularly in the 
earliest history of the University when the number of students was so small that 
the contact between the instructor and the student was so intimate that it was 
comparatively easy for the former to interest the latter in some constructive 
problem. Parts of some of those theses wore published in the Tochnograph, and 
some were embodied in textbooks prepared by members of the faculty. Althou^ 

most of the theses were simply buried in the library, some of them deserved a 

1 
bettor fate. 

b. THE 2AELY CHAN&BS IN CURRICULA 

Subsequent Changes in E^rly Engineering Curricula . -IThe outlines of the original 

curricula were not materially changed for twenty years, except that in I873-7U a 

"review" of nlgrebra and geometry was dropped from the first term of the freshmen 

year, and except also that from time to time some technical subject was extended 

or a general subject dropped to jnrkc room for more professional work, as for 

example formal shop practice 'Jas added In the different curricula between I877 

and 1881. 

Mathematics ran through the first two years. Part of the time Trench was 

included in the freshman year, and Gorman in the sophomore; and part of the time 

French or German «m optional, each for two years, and later the option was 

French, German, or English. Until 1886^87, analytical mechanics was taught in 

the last two terms of the junior year, and resistance of materials and hydraulics 

in the first terra of the senior year; but after that date, all three were taught 

in successive terms in the junior year. From the beginning tintil I89O-9I, all 

engineering seniors were required to t^ike science, history of civilization or 



1. The thesis requirement was continued from 1873 to 1913i f^ period of forty 
years, after which a thesis w-s made optional, and that only for high-grade stu- 
dents, which resulted in the practical discontinuance of undergraduate theses, 
as stated later. The requirement of a thesis V7as discontinued chiefly because 
of the large number of students, -The University could not supply the necessary fa- 
cilities in laboratory, library, etc., nor furnish adequate supervision by an instruc- 
tor* 



621 

constitutional history, and political economy, — subjects taught by the Regent. 

Trom the beginning, the freshman-yoar woik was conunon to nil curricula; and in 

the sophomore and junior years, about one-third of the time was given to technical 

subjects, and in the senior year about two-thirds. 

In I89I-92, themes and elocution were required of all engineers in the junior 

year, and thereafter rhetoric and themes in the sophomore year. Elementary 

geometric drawing was always in the first tern of the freshman year; and most of 

the time elementary descriptive geometry was in the sophomore year, and advanced 

descriptive geometry in the junior year; but finally drawing and descriptive 

geometry bocEime a unit running through the freshman year. Chemistiy was given 

during the first two terms of the junior year. Until I89I-92 physics was taught 

the last two-thirds of the junior year; and thereafter during the entire sophomore 

year, 

c. KIW CUERICULA » 

general . -The first signs of the expanding life of the College of Sngineering did 

not appear until about twenty years after the opening of the University, for the 

field of engineering developed rather slowly in those days. As It did develop, 

however, the size of the staff was increased apd new courses and curricula were 

added in proportion to keep abreast of the times. The first three of these 

curricula, — Electrical Engineering, Architectural Engineering, and Municipal and 

Sanitary Engineering, — are outlined in the following paragraphs, 

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 

The First Curriculun in Electrical Engineering .-Although no separate department of 

electrical engineering had yet been created, the first course of study in that 

particular field appeared in the IS9O-9I Catalogue and Circular pS follows: 

"The University is now prepared to offer, as a second course in the Department 
of Mechanical Engineering, a full course of Electrical Engineering, The first 
two years of this course will be identical with those of Mechanical Engineering, 
which evidently furnishes the only r-itional foxindation upon which an electrical 
course may be built. The meciianical course has already offered such an amount 
of Instruction In electrical specialties as has enabled its graduates to take 
service promptly ajid efficiently in electrical work, A well equipped electrical 
laboratory will bo open in the fall term, -.vith dynnijos, motors, batteries, and 



■'.Lj^LtT.iszi Jufj' «i><>. .won ..>».i i.v; : ,. YjUiJa ui.i 'iv- 



622 

all forms of instruments for the theoretical and prnctical discussion of the 
subject in all its phases, for mensuring electric forces, and for testing electric 
apparatus" * 

COURSE IN ELBCTRICiiL E1I0INBERIK& 

Leading to the Degree of B, S « 

"In the first and second years, this course is identical with the course 

in Mechanical Engineering." 

THIRD ya&R 

1. Analytical Mechanics; ChcmlBtry; HBchaolsmki::; i'.u ..^x^. 

2. Resistance of Materials, Chenistry; Engineering Materials. 

3. Mill Work; Hydraulics; Dynoiao-Blectric Machinery. 

rOURTH YSAS 

1. Mental Science; Heat Sngines; Electric Measurenents. 

2. Constitutional History; Hydraulic Engines and Wind IThoels; Electrical 
Laboratory. 

3. Political Bconony, Electrical Transmission of Power; Electrical Laboratory, 
After this first year, a full separate currlculxm in electrical engineering 

not essentially different fron the foregoing one, '.7as offered by the Department 

of Physics, and was continued after the division became a department of its own. 

The First Curriculum in Architectural Engineering . -The first course of study in 

Architectural Engineering appeared in the I89I-92 issue of the Catalogue as 

fo-.lows: 

ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING 

"The especial purpose of this course of study is to qualify graduates for the 
profession of architecture, and particularly as architects, structural drau^tsmen, 
and computers, as well as superintendents of construction. It is intended for 
those students preferring the nathematical and structural side of architecture 
to the artistic side, and for those who wish to acquire a thorough knowledge of 
iron and steel construction as it is now executed in architectural structure." 

ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING COURSE 

FIRST YEAR 

1. Advanced Algebra; Elements of Draughting; Shop Practice; French, German, or 

ISngllsh; Military. 



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623 

2, Trigonometry; Descriptive Goonotry and Lettering; Shop Prftctlce; Trench, 
Oeraan. or anfllish; Military. 

3. Analytical Geometry; Advanced Descriptive Geometry; Shop Practice; Trench, 
German, or Sngllsh; Ullltary* 

SSCOMD Y£AB 

1. Differential Calciilua; Wood Construction; Physics; Trench, Ocrnan, or 
Tree-Hand (all optional); Military. 

2. Advanced Analytical Geometry; Stone, Brick, and Metal Construction; Physics; 
Trench, German, or Tree-Hand (all optional); Military. 

3. Integral Calculus; Sanitary Construction; Physics; Trench, German, or Tree- 
Hand (oil optional); Military, 

THIRD YEAR 

1. Analytical Mechanics; Architectural Drawing; Chemistry; Themes and Elocution* 

2. Hesiatance of Materials; History of Architecture; Architectural Drawing; 
Themes and Elocution. 

3. Hoofs; History of Architecture; Hydraulics; Themes and Hocution. 

TOURTH YSiOl 

1. Masonry Construction; Superintendence, Estimates, and Specifications; 
Architectural Perspective, or Advanced Graphics, 

2. Bridge Analysis; Heating and Ventilation; Architectural Design; Thesis. 

3. Bridge Design; Surveying; Architncturnl Dpslgn; Thesis. 

The Tirst Curriculum in Municipal and Sanitary Engineering . -The first course of 

study in Municipal PZii Sanitary Engineering appeared in the I89I-92 Catalo0ic as 

follows: 

MUNICIPAL AND SANITARY 3NGIN3BRIN& 

OBJECT 

"This course is a uodification of the civil engineering course and is designed 
for students Intending to make a specialty of City Ilngineerlng nork. It includes 
the study of chemistry and bacteriology necessary to a conprehension of the 
questions involved in V7ater supply and sewage disposal." 

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624 
COURSE IN MUKICIPAl 3N0IM2EHIN0 
FIRST YSAR 

1. Advanced Algebra; Slencnts of Drau^ting; Shop Practice; French, German, 
or English; Military, 

2. Trigonometry; Doscriptlve Ooonotry and lettering; Shop Practice; French, 
German, or English; Military, 

3. Analytical Geometry; Advanced Analytical Ooonetry; Shop Practice; French, 
Gorman, or English; Military. 

SECOND YEAR 
1* Differential Calculus; Land Surveying; Physics; French or Gernan (optional); 
Military. 

2, Advanced Analytical Geonetry; Topographic Drawing, and Transit Surveying and 
leveling; Physics; French or Gernan (optional); Military. 

3, Integral Calculus; Topographic Surveying; Physics; French or Gonaan (optional) 
Military. 

THIRD YEAR 

1. Railroad Surveying; Analytical Mechanics; Chemistry; Themes and Elocution. 

2, Railroad and Road Surveying; Resistance of Materials; Botany, one-half term; 

Steam Engineering, one-half terr.i; Themes and E|.ocution. 
3. Roofs; Hydraulics; Electrical Measurements; Themes and Elocution. 

fdrnfR YEfiR 

1. Water Supply Engineering; Masonry Construction; Bacteriology, 

2. Sewerage; Bridge Construction; Chemistry, 

3. Tunneling; Bridge Analysis; Chemistry. 

Builder's Course, The Builder's Course, established in 1875» was discontinued in 
1893, because the number asking for it vns so snail ns not to justify the expen- 
diture. The Catalogue and Circular of IS76-77 contained the following statement 
regarding this vrojrtc; 

"The Trustees allow persons desiring to fit themselves for Master Builders to 
take a coxxrse of a single year, pursuing such technical studies of the course in 
architecture as they nay be prepared to enter upon with profit, and as will be most 
advantageous to then , 

1. PaS^y 






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625 

"Candidates for the Builder's Course nust pass the exaninations in the 
common branches, but need not pass in the Studies for the Prelininary Year unless 
they shall desire to pursue studios other than those narked in the following: 

1, Wood Construction, 10; Projection &eonetry, 10; Shop Practice (Carpentry 
and Joinery), 10 

2, Stone, Brick and Metal Construction, 10; Architectural Drawing, 10; 
Shop Practice (Stair Building), 10 

3, Agreeuents, Specifications, Estinates, Heating, and Ventilation, 
Architectural Design, 10; Shop Practice (Cabimt Making), 10." 

d. MECHAinCAL MGINEIEIKO SHOP PR<iCTICE 
General » -Hof erence Is frequently nade to a shop established alnost as soon as 
instruction started, but this shop occupied nuch the sane relation to the Univer- 
sity that the farner'e tool-roon does to the vjork of his fom. It consisted of 
a few Carpenter's tools in a snail room in a building partly occupied as a raule- 
stablc. However, the Regent in his uorning chapel talks frequently advised the 
studentstto learn to use carpenter tools, and e,t least a few did roceivo during 
the year I868-69 sooe instruction in the use of the siiipler carpenter tools; but 
it is now inpossiblc to obtain any definite Infomation as to the character and 
scope of such work, but in all probability the instruction thus given was 
negligible. 

On January 10, I870, only ten days after his appointment as Head of the 
Departnent of Mechanical Bagincoring, Professor Eobinson appeared before the 
Board of Trustees and presented a connunication in which he forcibly stated his 
reconnendntions for equipping a shop to give students practical instruction and 
outlined his methods of acconplishing this, for shopwork, especially in netals, 
seeded naturally to fall to nechanical engineering. He seems to have clearly 
xinderstood the importance of combining thooreticnl and practical instruction, 
"especially for mechanical engineering students"; but ho contemplated more than the 
making of skilled mechanics, since he clearly intimated that the student should 
design the machine, make the patteraa, moiold them, cast the parts, and finish 
them. He proposed to employ the students in making illustrative models for the 
University and for sale, thus furnishing the desirable practical instruction and 









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626 
incidentally a profitntlc application of student labor. 

To carry out his plan, Professor Robinson asked for $2 000 with which to 
equip a shop, a very large aun considering the state of education and the con- 
dition of the University's finances; but apparently the Board recognized that 
the newly-electod professor was a nan of force who had definite ideas about the 
subject in hand, and promptly granted the appropriation and ordered shop votk. 
in mechanical engineering to begin. Besides, the plan proposed by Professor 
Robinson was norc than welcono because the student labor system, T^ich was set 
up shortly after the University had opened, had failed for lack of woife, nuch to 
the dismay of the Regent and other officials. 

Operations began when the lower story of a 2'+ by 30^foot wooden building, then 
standing at the southeast corner of .»'rigl^t Street and Springfield Avenue, and 
occupied jointly as a nule stable and as a carpenters' shop, was assigned as a 
machine shop. The mules were driven out, and the carpenter tools were moved to 
a second story added for that purpose. A steam boiler, an engine lathe, a forge, 
vises, a few hand tools, and the partly- finished castings for a steam engine 
were purchased; and Professor Robinson with the help of his students preceded to 
make a 10- horse power steam engine which had some novel features to adopt it to 
experimental purposes. Mr, Alexander Thomson, a civil- engineering graduate of 
the University of Michigan and a skilled worker in metal and wood, was employed 
as foreman of the shop. It is sigiificant to note that nuch of the lathe work 
of finishing the ste^n engine was don© by turning the lathe by hand, the students, 
the foreman, and the professor taking turns in pulling the belt. 

On March 8, less than two months after Professor Robinson presented his first 
report, the Regent stated to the Trustees that "the steam engine had been com- 
pleted, and much enthusiasm is exhibited by the students of this department, 
some of whom are already making original drawings for machines, and learning to 
make foundry patterns''. 



1. This the first stoaiJ engine made by Professor Robinson and his students, 



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627 
Thus began the first dlBtinclly •duc«tionnl shop In Anerica. The University 
of Illinois and Professor Hobinson have never received the credit due for this 
pioneer work in educational shop practice. At that tine the only other institution 
giving shop work was the Worcester (Mass.) Polytechnic Institute, which began 
shop practice November 12, 1868; but in neither quality nor scope was that work 
equal to that which Professor Robinson innediatoly inaugurated at the University 
of Illinois; for the controlling notlve at Worcester seens to have been to pro- 
duce articles for sale, while here the dominating idea was to use the shop 
practice to prepare the student to become a mechanical designer. Not infrequently, 
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, which was opened for students in I865, 
is credited with giving the first educational shop practice in this country; but 
it does not appear that any one in authority ever claimed this credit for the 
Institute. In the holiday vacation of I876-77 Dr. J. D. Eunkle, then President of 
the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, visited the University of Illinois to 
study its system of shop practice. Probably because of the absence from the 
University of those better acquainted with suck work the writer (Professor Baker, 
who had never v/orked In the shop nor had any part In its administration), was re- 
quested by Regent (Jrogory to explain the systen of shop practice to Doctor Runkle. 
This assignnent required an entire dny in the shops. Apparently, President Runkle 
cnne to inspect the shop work of the University of Illinois because he had seen 
its exhibit of work at the Centennial Exposition at Philadelphia the preceding 
summer. At that tine it did not appear that the Institute was giving any shop 
woric; but it did offer a thorou^ course the fall following, i.e. in 1877, 
The method of shop practice adopted would at present be classed as the 
apprentice system. During the first two years of the shop's history, the students 
made several illustrative models of novel mechanical movements, some of which 
were invented by Professor Robinson. They also made nux;erous pieces of apparatus 
for class illustration in physics. Perhaps the most noted product of the shop during 
this time was an authmatically-directed heliscope for the "United States Lnke 
Survey," and a chronograph for the laboratory of physics. 






.V- 






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itjik-m: 



628 
It Is very renarkable that so soon after the establlshnent of this meagerly- 
equipped shop, work of such hi^ quality could be turned out, and particularly 
that students, fe^ or none of whon had had any training in nachine-shop practice 
and most of Tihon had had but little acadenic preparation, could do even any part 
of such work. In July, I87O, the writer (Professor Baker) visited the University 
to see whether or not he should bocone a student of the new institution; and by 
far the nost iuprossive thinfe he saw was the absorbing interest and magnetic cn- 
thusiasd of, sny, a half dozen students (all strangers to hin) who were spending 
thoir vacation working in tho nachino shop. It was their opinion that they were 
engaged in a woric that would be of great benefit to thenselves, and that the in- 
stitution, or more particularly the llechnjiical Engineering Department was destined 
to revolutionize the college educational system of the country. Doubtless they 
had reached this conclusion partly through the frequent eloquent addresses of 
Regent Gregory at the daily chapel exercises, njid partly from the recognized 
ability and contagious enthusiasm of Professor Robinson; but it is safe to assioiae 
that no thought of his being engaged in an industrial or oducatlonalrevolutionary 
movement ever entered the head of the modest professor. For several years the 
confidence and zeal which centered in tho work of the machine shop was one of the 
most potent influences about the young institution for the up-building of not 
only the machine shop and the Department of Mnchanlcal Engineering, but 3J.S0 of 
the entire University, as has already been explained. 

In a little more than a year after the opening of this small shop, the leg- 
islature appropriated $25,000 for a new mechanical and military building, which 
is the strongest evidence of tho approval by the public and the University 
authorities of the methods of instruction employed by Professor Robinson. This 
building, which was known as the Mechanical Building and Drill Hall and which 



1. It Is interesting to note that this shop, early -after it was established, so 
impressed Mr. Chauncey Rose of Terre Haute, Indi^jia, as to change his intentions as 
to the dispos.al of his fortune, and to cause hin to establish and endow Rose 
Polytechnic Institute at Terre Eauto (Report of Board of Tnistees of University 
of Illinois, 1888, p. 206) 



I y.Tor 3 1 






frov r rtrft* ^1' 



n^^ij: 



629 
stood at the corner of Burrill and Springfield Avenues, was occupied early in the 
fall of I871, the T7est half, except for a recitation room in the northwest tower, 
was used for the nnchine ind pattern shop, and the east half, except for an 
artillery roon in the northeast tower, was used for the University repairshop. 
A anall sun of noney was spent for additional tools to supplenent those transferred 
fron the original shop, but the allowance was entirely inadequate in consideration 
of the nagilficent work already accooplished. At this tine Mr. B.. A, Hobinson 
becane Forenan of the Shop in place of Mr. Thomson, who resigned to accept a 
college teaching position elsewhere. 

The nost noteworthy feature of the equipment of the now shop was a 35-horse- 
power steam engine, designed by Professor Hobinson and his students in the drafting 
roon and made by the latter in the old shop. The moat interesting characteristics 
of this engine were nn extremely heavy piston scientifically designed so that the 
nonentun of the reciprocating parts was completely absorbed by tho compression in 
the cylinder; a fly-wheel accurately designed to be in balance with the heavy 
piston;^ a peculiar ,and efficient vpJ.vo-operating mechanism, which in ten or 
fifteen years afterwards was adopted and successfully used by a large and prominent 
engine builder; a stean-jricketod cylinder cast in a single piece; a provision for 
taking steam-indicator cards; and a brake. All the University went to the shop 
"to see Bobinson harness his new engine", make brake tests, and take indicator 
cards. This engine supplied power for the shops for twenty-five years, when it 
was taken out to make way for electric motors. 

The main purpose of the shop was to train mechanical-engineering students 

in the use of hand and machine tools; and it is interesting to note the degree of 

skill developed in inexperienced students, oven thoxigh they were engaged in such 

practice only a few hours a day. The work was always under the immediate direction 

n This is the second Engine built by Professor Bobinson and his students. 
2. As a result of his study for the desir^n of this entwine. Professor Robinson 
shortly there-^i"ter published a masterly paper on the proper relations between 
the wei^t of a piston and the size and wel^t of a fly-wheel of a feteao engine. 



t ifToXilct'; 



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630 

of a skilled and conscientlousforo-aan who was in hearty synpathy with the undeiv 
taking. Besides, Professor Hotinson, hinself, was always in intimate personal 
contact with the student workers, always to instruct, encourage, and coniaend. 
Another factor that contributed towards the success of the progran was the fact 
that nany of the students were older and hence they were nore appreciatfcvo of their 
opportunity and were better equipped for their work by greater naturity than the 
present college students. In addition, nany of then cane to the University with 
a real desire for ncchanical training and technicr^l knowledge. Perhaps the nost 
inportnnt influence was the interest the students took in naking tangible things, 
in seeing the work of their ninds and hands develop into products of practical value. 
Experience at the University in after years, as will be discussed later, seens to 
prove that the last-nentionod factor was nore important than was \mderstood either 
at that tine or during the next several ycnrs. 

While fron the vory bteflnnjng, Professor Bobinson soened to have had a clear 
conception that the chief purpose of shop practice was to give practice in the 
manipulation of tools and to teach principles that would be valuable in the pro- 
fessional practice of the nechanical engineer, and not merely to afford remunerative 
labor to students, nevertheless, doubtless because of the traditions of the 
University and the desire of the administration to furnish labor for self-supporting 
students, he reluctantly pomltted the machine shop to be used for the double pur- 
pose of giving educational practice and furnishing remunerative labor to students. 
Fron the time the Department of Mechanical Engineering was established, it had 
more applications for enployncnt than it could meet; and as the Regent reported, 
it furnished more labor to students than all of the rest of the University combined. 

As the reputation of the shop grew, there was great demand that It engage In the 
general repair of machinery. Farmers brought cultivators, corn ghellers, mowing 
machines, threshing machines, portable engines, etc., to bo repaired; and o'TOers 
of grist mills, grain elevators, tilo mills, and saw mills sought the help of the 
University machine shopmen in trouble. The less-skilled students were enployed 



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631 
In the repair of machinery, while those most skilled continued to make illustrative 

models and apparatus and to do the "better commercial work. No record can "be found 

of the products of the shop; hut the following is a list of such things as can he 

recalled as having been made in the shop from I87I to I877: A system of steam heat- • 

iag for the puhlic rooms in the then main University huildii^ (later usually referred 

to as the Old Dormitory) ; the steam heating system of the mechanical and military 

building, "at a great saving over the lowest hid;" a lawn mower for the University, 

when such machines were a novelty; k dozen microscope stands for the Department of 

Botany; a blowing engine for the ventilation of the old chemistry building; a kO- 

horse power engine to drive a flour mill in Chester, Illinois; a number of small 
machines for the shop, including a "pattern lathe" and a drill press'; great 
numbers of a vingette photographic printing frame; ^ tool and guides for trimming 
photographs to any size and form, invented by "Professor Pobinson, and advertised and 
sold in great numbers by a firm in Philadelphia; five successive ajid increasingly 
elaborate machines for automatically graduating the scale of thermometers, for the 
last of which Professor Robinson received an award at the Centennial Exposition in 
Philadelphia, and which form is stllLthe only one in use in the world, although one 
of Professor Robinson's graduates, Mr. E. M. Burr, class '78 greatly improved 
Robinsons' latest form; a new type of lockstitch sewing machine having a continuous 
circular motion for the shuttle and a treadle without a dead point, which ran very 
easily and almost without any noise; an odontograph, a simple instrument by which 
gear' teeth could be readily laid out scientifically, --an instrument invented by 
Professor Robinson and made in 25-lots by the shop, and one still in general use; 
and the University tower clock which is now in the Illinois Union tower and which 
contains two important elements which are both novel and simple, and which after 
mor ^ than seventy years of service have proven to be efficient. In addition, the 
foreman, E. A. Robinson, brother of Professor Robinson, made the following contribu- 
tions: helped an inventor in perfecting the design for a com sheller, and manu- 

of these machines 
factxired several y*- -a type of machine still made by a prominent Illinois Manufacturer; 

asoloted' an inventor in perfecting a power hay-fork, and then manufactured many 

dozens of them; assisted an inventor in perfecting a 12-inch well augur, and manu- 
factured several dozens; 



biiti , jt>i.lfqXti*>ex : '{ 



632 
and holped a local inventor in perfecting the design and nanufacture of what was 
probably the first elevating roadp.grader ever nade. 

Ij^ spite of all the argunents presented in favor of connercial work in the 
shops, Professor Robinson always felt that the conduct of such practice hindered 
the educational functions of the University and greatly increased the burden of 
general oversight. 

o. ABCHITSCTURAL SHOP PRiVCTICE 
Qenegal*- While visiting the Intemationnl Exposition at Vienna In the sumner of 
1873, Pc-ofessor Sicker had been greatly inpressed with an exhibition of shop woik 
from the loperial Technical School in Moscow, which consisted of a graded series 
of exercises fron the nost sinplc in hand and nachine '.Tork in wood and netal, 
blacksnithing, pattern naklng, and foundry woric, to a finished stean engine; and 
shortly after being placed in charge of the instruction in architecture, he intro- 
duced a systen of shop practice suggested by the Russian syston he had seen at 
Vienna. Jor a tine this subject was listed in the catalo&ie as Joinery. Written 
instructions were given in the use of the several carpenter tools, and each student 
was required to nake a scries of specinens showing exanples of sawing, planing, 
chiseling, noulding, in-laying, niter Joint, no rti so- and -tenon joint, dove-tall 
Joint, etc. later students were required to nake to scale, nodels of dwellings, 
bams, etcf • and ultinately sonc of the nost skillful students nade scale nodels 
of stairs including the hand rail. For the first few years after the inauguaratlon 
of the architectural shop practice, the nxinber of students in architecture was 
nuch snaller than that in nochanical engineering, and hence the work in the 
architectural shop did not bulk as large in University affairs as that in the 
nechnnical-enginecring shop. The architectural shop did not engage to any con- 
siderable extent in connercial work, althou^^ architectural students and others 
did assist in the construction of furniture and the repairs of buildings under the 
direction of Professor Rickcr as Superintendent of the Carpenter H«pair Shop. 

1. It is interesting to note that a nenber of the Board of Trustees who had been 
appointed to install the young professor in charge of the shop, discharged his 
nission by .-^oing to the shop with the professor and saying: "There it is. Now 
nake the danned thing pay." 



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633 

Description of Courses in Architectural Shop Practice * -The Catalogue of I876-77 
gave in some detail a description of the courses taken in architecturEil shop 
practice as follows: 

"To give a practical knowledge of various kinds of vrork, and the proper node 
of doing then, a full course of inati^ictlon is arranged of three torns, which all 
architectural students are required to pursue unless they have already had equiva- 
lent practice. The systen ia sinilar to the Hassian systen, so nuch admired at 
the Centennial Sxposition, tut more conprohcnsive, and applied to building rather 
than mechanical engineering. Tools, natorlals, and tuition are free of charge. 
First Term — Carpentry and Joinery 

Sharpening Tools, Planing Flat Surfaces, at Right Angles, Uniform Width, 
and Thickness, Framing with Single Tenons, Double Tenons, Paneling, Splices, Dove- 
tailing, Sticking Mouldings. 
Second Term Cabinet Making and Stair Building 

Paneling, Champers, Turning, Setting Locks and Hinges, Tree Sawing, 
Veneering, Buhl, Reissner, and Inlaid Work, Carving, Stairs, Hinges, Strings, 
Setting Balusters, Sq\iaring and Moulding Rails. 
Third Term Miscellaneous 

Finishing in Shellac, Oil, Max, and Varnish, Polishing, Painting, and 
Ornamenting, Gilding, Metal ^7ork, Filing, Turning, Drilling, Cutting Screws, 
Ornamental Work, Casting Soft iMotolo, , Tempering, 

Stone Work, in Plaster, Cutting Ashlar and Moulded Work, Rusticated Work, 
Venssotts for Arches, Domes, and Vaults, Carving, Relief, and Incised. 

f . SHOP PHAGTICE REORGAIHZSD 
General .- In the summer of 1877i after long and anxious consideration by all con- 
cerned, the method of conducting the mechanical-engineering shop was radically 
changed. Commercial work was entirely discontinued, and a system of graded exer- 
cises Was adopted to give the student skill In manipulating hand and machine tools. 

This involved p ractice in pattern-making, foundry-work, blacksmithing, bench work 
r. Page U2 






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63»* 

for Iron, and machine-tool vrork for iron. These series^ were worked out after the 
manner of the Russian system of shop practice introduced in 1873 ^^ t^e architectural 
shop ty Professor Ricker. With this change, shop practice was listed for the first 
time in the formal statement of the curriculum and foxind a place in the recitation 
schedule of all freshman engineering Students* 

These changes were made for three reasons: Mj., E, A. Hotinson, the effective 
foreman, having teen graduated in 1875 aad therefore having accomplished that for 
which he camo to college, had resigned to set up a machine shop for himself; the 
commercial work had developed to such an extent as to make it difficult to main- 
tain the educational functions of the shop; and ■ some of the trustees and also 
others failed to distinguish between the educational and the commercial functions 
of the shops, and desired, and almost demanded, that the shop should be self- 
supporting. The groviing institution had pressing and increasing needs for more 
money, and this intensified the feeling among some that the shop shoxild be made to 
pay its own way. However, the discontinuance of all commercial work would help to 
establish in the minds of all the essential fiinctions of the shops. 

With this change My, S. A* Kimball, an xinusually skillful mechanic and a cul- 
tivated gentleman, became foreman of the machine shop. 

At the same time that those changes were made in the method of conducting the 
machine shop, and for the same reasons, similar chrnges Ttere made in the 
architectural shop. The Eussinn system of shop practice had been in use in the 

architectural shop for four years, but the scries of exerciosos were constantly e»< 

2 

tended; and the time in the curriculum given to shop practice was increased from 

one term to three terms. 

By gradual ch:inges in the ncoct few years, shop practice came to be listed as 
a required study during the entire freshman year in all the engineering curricula 
except mining; and this form of shop practice was continued in substantially nil 



1. This series is briefly described on pages 31 and 32 of the University Cat- 
alogue for 1877-78. 

2. This series is breifly described on page Ul of the catalogue for 1877-78. 



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635 

of the engineering curriculn until I913-IU, except that in Sopteober, IS95. 1* was 
dropped from the curricula in architecture, when the architectural shop was merged 
into the mech£aiical~ongi nee ring shop* 

lor several years every one connected with the University believed that this 
type of shop practice was much superior to that formerly employed. The facilities 
for doing the woiic wore much better than formerly, and the instruction was equally 
as competent and more extended; nevertheless the system failed to develop the in- 
terest and enthusiasm of the students as did the former system, and it is doubtful 
if th© tl^inlng provided as much skill and resourcefulness as the old plan, 
S^riy Summer Suasion in Shop Practice Hfild in Chicago*- The follotving announcement 
appeared in 1878 on page 1 of a small printed pamphlot^with blueprint cover which 
showed University Hall on the front cover and the Mechanical Building and Drill Hall 
on the back cover; 

Illinois Industrial University 
Mechanic Art School 

Summer Ssasion 
to be held in the 
Ibqposition &iilding in Chicago 
Eight Weeks 
Under Charge of 
fpof, S. W. Hobinson, C.E. 
Professor of Mechanical Engineering 
and 
Prof. N. Clifford Rickor, M.S. 
?rofcsBor of Architecture 
Comnoncing Monday Juno 2Uth 
and closing August 15th 



1. Now in the office of %3torinn. 



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XiaH 11.1:^ u:^: ^-it'lh- 



636 

Succeeding pfiges carried the following Items explnlnlng In some detail the 
Instructional work involved: 

"The School will te divided into two distinct departments or Schools as followsi 

1. ffiie School of Iron Working 

2. The School of Wood Working 

"The plan of this Session is novel, it being the first of its kind ever to bo 
hold in the west, if not in the country. It represents a now departure in education, 
demanded by the best Interests of the manufacturing nations of the world* I^ teaches 
in a radical and systematic r^ay the elements of mechanic art* 

ADVAKTA&ES CF THIS SYSTJM^ 

"l» It provides a substitute for the old system of apprenticeship, now gone out of 
use. Modem manufacturers have replaced the skill of the mechanic by machinery, 
Tdiich an ordinary hand can learn to run in a few days. But breadth of skill and 
matured mechanical Judgnent aro still required in tuperintendents and managers. 
These * the Mechanic A^t Schools must supply. 

2. Experience proves that the instruction of the Mechnnic Art School is more than 

a substitute for the apprenticeship. I^ teaches quicker and better. Students, after 
a few times of practice, three hours per day, hr.ve become better workmen than was 
usual after as many years of the old apprenticeship drudgery. 

3. It analyses mechanic processes into their simplest elements, -their alphabet, as 
it were, -and allows the mastery of one thing at a time. It alms not at construction, 
but at Instruction, All of the elements being mastered, their combinations in con- 
struction being simple and Intelligible, 

U, The student while learning the mere technical processes, has also an opportunity 
to gain a liberal education in science at the same tine. 

iiDVANTiiOES OrFEHED BY THIS SUMMEE SESSION 

"l. Coming in the vacation it offers opportunity for a pleasant employment of 
throe hours a day of the long vacation tine. To the tired student of the Hi^ 
School it will be a pleasant change and a ar^Se diversion. 

2. It will give to the diligent student the command of the tools, and the power to 
produce accurately and in a woiknanlike manner, the various surfaces and fonas 
required in wood and iron construction, 

3. It has been proved by the experiments at the University as '^ell as the Massa- 
chusetts Institute of Technology, thr.t the 120 hours practice and Instruction such 
as will be given in this s\immer Session, are equal to at least one ^oar s apprentice 
ship, and in sone to throe. 

k. It *3ill aid to give a pr^icticnl turn to life, so often lost sl^t of in mere 
book studies and nay powerfully influence and aid the fut\ire career of the student. 
A trade is a resource against misfortune, r>nd a help and pleasxire in prosperity, 

5. To such as nay desire afterwards to pursue a course in the College of Engineer- 
ing and ArChitccute, this sunncr Session rrill count as a tern of shop practice in 
the t^ivei'sity cour s e . 

iT This refers to the advantages of the Russian as nodifled and used at the 

University here and as proposed for the Summer Session. 



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637 

6. The training gained will enable the student in after years to Judge of the 
workmanship of the furniture or nachinery ho wishes to purchase and cCf the houee 
built for him." 

In both iron and wood working, the classroon periods were from 9 to 12 in 
the flptQupDn for one section and from 2 to 5 in the iXternoon for another, five 
days a week for the full eight weeks. Classes were linitod to twelve students 
each thereby restricting the t4tal enrollnent to forty-eight, -twenty-four in iron 
and twenty- four in wood. The charge for each student was $25 for the 120 hours of 
instruction. The University supplied all of the nntorials and the benches and 
heavy tools and machines. Professor Robinson was in charge of the iron work and 
Professor Bicker of the wood woric* 

g. THE SMESTER PL^'iN 

general." Until 1898-99, when the University adopted the senester plan, courses 
were scheduled for five recitations a week during one or noro of the three terns 
of lU,12, and 10 weeks each respectively. After that tine, however, classes were 
scheduled fron one to five tines a week during one or both scnosters. 

In spite of the work involved in shifting the calendar progrmn fron the tern 
to the senester basis, there were several advantages in favor of the change. The 
now arrangoncnt allowod two terns of equal length whereas the old plan required 
three terns of unequal length, — the subjects for certain hours all receiving the 
sane credit regardless of the nunber of vvecks. The plan called for only two reg- 
istration and final exanination periods a year with corresponding reductions in 
clerical work in reporting and recording grades. The systen also ainplified the 
preparation of the classroon prograns by pcmitting the use and dovetailing of 
three-and two-hour courses. Many other schools were adopting the plan or had 
already done so, thereby sinplifying the transfer of credits between institutions. 

The curricula as they appeared under the new calendar after the change at 

practically 
that tine, are outlined on the following pages. Under these arrangenents./all 

courses required for graduation were rigidly proscribed, as they had been under 

free 
the three-tern plan,-therc having been no provision nado for/electivos of any kindi 

except for a two-hour period in Ilectrical Ingineering. 



at \&^ it» Isni erti 









638 
The currlcxilun In Mechanical Engineering as arranged vrhen the Seaester plan went 
Into Effect In 1898-99 «- 

COUBSE $1 INSTBUCTION 
Required for the Degree of B, S. In Mechanical Engineering 

rirst Year 

1. Advanced iUgebra and Trlgononetry (Math, 2,k) ; Elencnts of Drafting, Descriptive 
Oeonetry (Drawing, Gen. Eng'g la, lb) ; French 5. or Geman B or 1 or U, or 
English 1; Shop Practice (Mech, Eng'g l) ; Military 1, 2; Physical Training 1,3. 

2. Analytical Gconctry ( Math. 6); Descriptive Geouctry, Lpttering, Sketches 
(Drawing, Gen. Eng'g 2a, 2^, 2c); French 5i or Geruan 2 or 6, or English 2; 
Shop Practice (Mgch. Bng'g l) ; Military 2; PhysicpJ. Training 1,3, 

Second Ygar 

1. Differential Calculus (Math. 7); Physics 1,3; Hhotoric 2; Elencnts of Machine 
Design (Mgch. Eng'g k) i Shop Practice (M^ch, Eng'g 2); Military 2. 

2, Integral Calculus (Math. 9); Physics 1, 3; Bhetoric 2; -"lenents of Machine 
Design (Mgch. Eng'g U) ; Shop Prnctice llH^ch. Eng'g 2); Military 2, 

Third Ypar 

1. Analytical Mfjchanics and Resistance of Materials (Theo. andAppl'd. Mech. 1, 
2a); Chenlstry 1; Power Ilea surencnts ( Mech. Eng'g 3); Mochanlsn (Mech. Eng'g 
5); Stean Engines (M^ch Eng'g l6) ♦ 

2. Resistance of Materials, and Hydraulics (Tlico. and Appl 'd Mcch, 2b, 3) ; Chen- 
lstry l6; Po'.7er Measurements (Mech, Eng'g 3); Stenn Boilers (M^ch, Eng'g 17); 
Electrical Engineering (Hect. Eng'g l) ; Surveying (Civil Eng'g lO) . 

Fourth Y^ar 

1. Themodynanics (M^ch, Eng'g 7); Heat Engines (Mech. Bng'g 6); High Speed 
Engines and V,nlve Ggars (MpCh. Eng'g lU) ; Advanced Designing (M<,ch. Eng'g 9); 
Advanced Mechanical Laboratory (Mgch. Eng'g 12); Senlnary M^ch. Bng'g lO) • 
Thesis. 

2. Mechanics of Machinery (Mech. Eng'g g) ; Graphical Statics of McChanians 
(Mech. Eng'g, 18); Estinates (Mech. Eng'g lO) ; Advanced Designing (Mech, Bng'g. 

9); Advanced MpChanlcal laboratory (MgCh, Eng'g 12); Seninary (Mech. Eng'g I9) ; 
Thesis. 



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639 
Hallway 61?tlon in Mechanical Engineering.- As stated In the 1898-99 Catalogaei 

"Ihe railroad Interests of the State of Illinois, as well as of the United 
States, have become so Inportant as to denand a separate recognition in the courses 
of those educational institutions which offer instruction in ongineoring.* 

"Wishing to noet the d(Maand for specialties along this inportant line, the 
University has established an undergraduate course leading to the degree of B. S. 
in Hallway Bnginoering, and also provides for graduate Inttruction and investigation 
in this department leading to a second degree." 

"Three loading railroads of the State have pronised their cooperation in the 
woric of the dopartnent. The department of civil engineering already furnishes 
special instruction relating to construction and naintenance of way. In this new 
course the purpose is to pay riore attontio» to the problons of notive power and 
machinery, including construction, design and operation of loconotivcs and rolling 
stock, as well as tests of fuel, water supply, nateri-ds, and supplies.* 

"The completion of the new railway shops of the P. & B, Division of the C, 
C, C. & St. L. Hy. at Urbana, furnishes exceptional opportunity for inspection 
of construction and repair work, and the assured aid 'jhich this department will 
receive from the mnnagencnt of those shops cannot but be of considerable value to 

the student." 

COUaSB OF INSTRUCTION 

. Required for the Degree of B. S. in Railway Engineering 

First, second, and third years aane as the cvirriculun in 
Mechanical Engineering, 

Fourth Year 

1» Thenaodynanics (Mech. Eng«g 7); Locomotive Engines {By. Eng'g l); Locomotive 
Engine Design (Ify. Sng'g 2); Shop Systems (By. Sn^i'g 3); Locomotive Road 
Tests (Ry. Eng'gU); Seminary (Mech. Eng'g I9) ; Thesis. 

2. Mechanics of Machinery (Mech. Eng'g g).;rOor^re88ed Air in Hallway Service 

(By. Eng'g 5); Hallway Estimates (Ry. Eng'g 6); Advanced Designing (By. Eng g 
7); Dynamometer Car Tests (Ry, Eng'tT S) ; Seminary (Mech. En.-'f- 19) ; Thesis. 

This is the first instance of curricular specialization within the College of 
Engineering, although it differed from the regular curriculum in Mechanical Bngineeiv 
Ing only in the senior year. The railroads were at about tho^-r peak of development 
at that time and offered attractive opportunities in the design, construction, 
operation, and maintenance of motive power and rolling stock. 



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ghe Currlculun In Civil Eiti,;iaoerin^ when first placed on the SftPester Plan in 

CWRSE Of INSTMJCTICN 
Required for the Degree of B, S, in Civil Engineering 
rirst Year 

1. Advanced Algebra and Tri^nonctry (Math. 1, 3); ELenonts of Drafting, Des- 
criptive Geonotry (Dra'jing, Oon. 3ng*g la, lb); Shop Practice (Mech, Eng'g 1); 
French 5i or German B or 1 or U, or English 1; Military 1, 2; Physical Training 
1.3. 

2, Analytical Geometry (Math, 6) ; Descriptive Geonctry, Lettering, Sketching 
(Drawing, Gen. Bng'^ 2a, 2b, 2c); Shop Practice (Mech. Eng*/^ l) ; French 5, 

or Geman 2 or 6, or BncUsh 2; Military 2; Physical Training 1, 3, 

Second Year 



1. 



^fferential Onlculus (Math 7); Land Surveying or Topographical Drawing Civil 
■«ie*g 1, 2); Physics 1,3; Ehetoric 2; Military 2. 

fral Calculus (Math, 9); Topographical Surveying, nnd Trpjisit Surveying 
evoling (Civil Eng'g 2,3); Physics 1,3; Ehetoric 2; Military 2. 



Into, 
and 



Third Year 



1. Analytical Mechanics, and Resistance of Materials (Thco, & App. Mech. 1,2); 
Eailroad Engineering (Civil Eng'g U) ; Chenistry 1; Stcan En,4no8 (Mech, Eng'g 
16). 

2, Eosistance of Materials, Hjydraulics (Thee, & App, Mnch. 2,3); Graphical 
Statics and Hoofs (Arch, 5); Bead Engineering (Mun, & San. Eng.l) ; Descriptive 
Astronony (Astron. U) • Stean .Boilers (Mech. Eng'g 17) , 

Fourth Year 

1. Bridge analysis, and Bridge Details (Civil Eng'g 12,13); Masonry Construction 
(Civil Eng'g 5); Water Supply Engineering (Mun, & San, Sng'g 2); Practical 
Astronomy (Astron. 6); Thesis, 

2. Bridge Details, and Bridge Design (Civil Sag'g 13, lU) ; Sewerage (M\in. & 
San, Eng'g 3); Eailroad Structures (Civil Eng'g I7); Tunneling (Civil Eng'g 
15), or Geodesy (Civil Eng'g 6); Bconouics 2 or 8; Engineering Contracts and 
Specifications (civil Eng'g I6) ; Thesis. 



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The CurriculB. ■ in Architecture when first placed on the Sencstor Plan in l89&-9g.- 

. ARCHITECTURE 
Required for Decree of B, S. in Architecture 
firet Year 

1, Advanced Algebra and Tri^nonetry (Math 2, U) ; Eletients of Drnftlnc, Descriptive 
Geonetry (Drawing, (Jen. Eng*/; l) ; Proe-hand Drawing or Modeling (Arch.20 or 21); 
French 5i or Gennan B or 1 or k, or Ebaglish 1; Military 1, 2; Physical Training, 
1. 3 or 7. 9. 

2, Analytical Geometry (Math. 6); Descriptive Geonctry, I-etterlng, Sketching 
(Drawing, Ggn. Eng'g 2); Free-hand Drawing (Arch. 20 Or 2l) ; French 5, or 
Oenaan 2 or 6, or English 2; Military 2; Physical Training, 1, 3. 

Second Year 

1. Applied Mechanics (Thoo. and App. Moch. U) ; Wood Construction (Arch, 2); The 
Orders of Architecture (Arch. 8); Physics 1, 3: Monthly Problems (Arch, 9); 
Rhetoric 2; Military 2. 

2, Strength of Mntcripls (Theo. and App. Kech. 5); Masonry and M etal Construction 
(Arch.3) ; Requirements and Planning of Buildings (Aych, I5) ; Physics 1, 3; 
Monthly Problems (Arch. 9); Rhetoric 2; Military 2, 

Third Year 

1. History of Architecture (Aj.ch. 6); Details of Styles (Arch.j); Architectural 
Seminary (Arch, 11); Sanitary Construction (Arch, U) ; Architectural Design 
(Arch, 17); Chenistrylor Economics la; ; Monthly Problems (Arch. 9), 

2, History of Architecture (Arch, 6); Details of Styles (Apch, 7); Architectural 
Seminary (Aj.ch, lU) • Graphic Statics nnd Roofs (Arch. 5); Architecturnl 

Perspective (Arch. lU) ; Architectural Conposition (Arch. IS); Monthly Problems 
(Arch, 9). 

Fourth Year 

1. Superintendence (Arch. 12a); Sstinates (Arch. 12b); Specifications (Arch. 12c); 
Heating and Ventilation (Aych. 13) ; Renaissance Design (Arch, 22); Gothic Design 

(Arch. 23); Romanesque Design (Arch 2H) ; 

2. Working Drawings (Arch. lO) ; Residence Design (Arch, 16) ; DesitTi of Ornament 
(Arch. 25); Surveying (Civil Eng'g 10); Thesis, 



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6U2 
ABCHITECTURAI. ENGINEEBING 
Regtiired for the Decree of B» 5« in Archltoctiiral Biginecrlng 
rirst Year 
The first year is the sano as Architecture except that Shop practice (Mech. 
Eng.l) was made opticaal with Free-hand Drawing or Modeling; in toth senesters. 

Second Year 

1. Differential Calculus (Math. 7); Wood Construction (Arch. 2); The Orders of 
Architecture (ApCh. S) ; Physics 1, 3; Rhetoric 2; Military 2. 

2. Integral Calculus (Math. 9); Masonry nzid M^tal Constmction (Arch.3); Require- 
aents and Plans of Buildings (Arch. I5) ; Physics 1, 3; Ehetoric 2; Military 2. 

Third Year 

1. Analytical Mechanics and Resistance of Materials (Thoo. and App, Mech. 1, 2a); 
History of Architecture (Arch,6); Architectural Scninary (Arch. 11); Sanitary 
Construction (Arch. U) ; Chcnlstry 1. 

2. Resistance of Materials, Hydrroullcs (Theo. and App. M^ch. 2h, 3); History of 
Architecture (Arch. 6); ^ixchitecturnl Seminary (Arch, ll) ; Graphic Statics and 
Roofs (iirch. 5); Chenistry 16); Electrical Eng'g (Elect. Eng'g. l). 

Fourth Year 

1. Superintendence (Arch. 12a); Ustlnates (Arch. 12b); Specifications (iixch. 12c); 
Heating and Ventilation (Arch.13) ; Architectural Engineering (Arch. 19) ; 
Bridge Analysis and Details (Civ. Eng'g 12, I3) . 

2. Working Drawing (iipch, lO) ; Residence Design (Aych 16) ; Bridge Details and 
Design (Civ. Eng'g 13, l4) ; Surveying (Civ. Eng'g lO) ; Thesis. 



The Curriculur.1 in aiectrlcnl 3nt^inecrinr as ii.rranr'ed -.Then the Senester Pl?ija went 
into effect in 18^8-99.- As stated in the 1898-99 Catalogue* "This is a course in 
theoretical and applied electricity. It extends throu,-^ four years. The first 
two years are substantially the satie as in the other engineering courses. In the 
last two years, the course Includes the fundanental subjects in theoretical and 
applied nechanics and stean engineering; but a largo part of the tine is given to 
courses in electricity and its applications. The features of the instruction are 
the facilities offered for laboratory work by the student; the work done in cal- 
culating, designing, and noking vrorklng drawings of electrical apparatus; and the 
senior thesis requirenents and facilities offered for original woric." 






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6»*3 

COURSS fF INSTHJCTION 

Hequlred for the Dejjree of B,S, In SLectrleal Engineering 

First and Second Years are the same as the curricultin in Mechanical 

Engineering 

Third Tea» 

1. Analytical Mechanics and Rpsistonce of Materials (Thco. and Appl'dMech. 1,2^); 
Mechanlsn (Mech. Sng'g 5); Chenistry !• illectrlcal and Magi etlc Measurenents 
(Phys. h); Stean ihgines (Uech. Bng'g l6). 

2, Sesistanco of Materials, Hydrajilics (Theo. and Appl'd M ch« 21), 3); Mechanical 
Engineering laboratory (Mech, ffiig'g 13); Stean Boilers IUqcIci, Eng'g 17) ; 
Blenents of Dynano Machinery (SLoct, Eng, ll) ; Electrical and Magnetic Measure- 
nents (I'hya. U) ; -iilLective; Math, 16, or Chenistry 3t, or Civil Engineering 10 
(three senosteivhours) 

Fourth Year 

i. Thenaodynanics (Mech, Eng'g 7); lynano-Blectric Machinery (Elect. Eng, 2) • 
Electrical Engineering Laboratory (Elect. Eng'g 3); Electrical Deslgn(Blect . 
Eng'g. U); Photonetry (Elect, Eng'g 5); Telecjrapliy and Tolephony (Elect, 
Bng'g 6): Electric I7iring and Distribution (Elect, Eng'g 8); Seninary (Elect, 
Eng'g 10); Thesis} Elective (two seuestoxwhours) ; Electrical aagineerlng 7» 

2, Alternating Currents and Machinery (Elect, Eng'g 12); Alternatin^Current 

laboratory (Elect. Bng'g I3) ; Electrical Design (Elect, Bng'g lU); Transmission 

of Power (Elect, Skig'g 15); Bloctric Limiting, Central Station (Elect. Eng'g 9); 
Seminary (Elect. "Sag'g 10); Advanced Electrical liQasurenents (Phys, 9); Thesis, 

The Gurriculun in Municipal and Sanitary Engineering after the Senester Plan went 
into effect in If 



COURSE OF IKSTEUCTION 
Req uired for the Degree of B. 5, in Municipal and Sanitary Shgineerlng 
First and second years sane as Civil Engineering 
Third Year 

1, Analytical Mechanics, Resistance of Materials (Thco, and Appl 'd Mech, 1, 2a); 
Physics Bacteriology (itun, and San, Eng, 5a); Chenistry la; Railroad Engineering 

(Civil Eng'g ka); Stean Engines (Uech. Eng'g I6) . 

2, Resistance of Materials, Hydraulics (Theo, and Appl'd Mech, 2b, 3); Road 
Engineering (Mun, and San. Eng l) ; GraiDhic Statics and Roofs (Aych, 5); 
Chenistry 3a; S^eaia Boilers (M^jch, Eng*g I7) ; Electrical Engineering), 

Fourth Year 

1, Bridges (Civil Eng'g 12,13); Chenistry 20; Masonry Construction (Civil Sag'g 
5); Water Supply Engineering (Mun, and San, Eng'g 2) Thesis, 

2, Bridge Design (Civil Eng'g I3, lUa) ; Engineering contracts and Specifications 
(Civil ^g'^ 16); Ilochanical Engineering Laboratory (jMech, Eng'g I3) ; Sewerage 
(Mun, and San, Eng'g 3); »?ator Purification, Se^af^e Disposal, and General San- 
itation (Mun, and San, Bng'g 6); Thesis, 






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B. COURSSS .J© CURRICULA FHDM I90O to 1922 

a. COURSSS AND CUERIOULii FROM I9OO to I9IO 

The First Curricula in Ceranics nnd Ceranlc Engineering,- The Register of 1905-06 
contained the following announccncnt of courses of study in Ceranics and Coramlc 
Engineering, the first of their kind hero, listed in the College of Science, for the 
vroric had not yet "been transferred to the College of Engineering: 

PBOSPECTUS OF COURSE IN CERAMICS 

First Year 



First Scnestcr 
subject 

General Chcnistry 

Alg. and Trig. (Math 2, U) 

Hhetoric 1 

Classification and Physical 

Testing of Clays (Cor. 1 
Military (Mil. 2) 
Physical Training 
Total 



S.H. 
5 

5 
3 

3 
1 

1 



18 



Second Sencstor 
subject 

(Qualitative Analysis (Chen. 3a) 

Analytical G\joDotry (Math. 6) 

Hhetoric 

Winning and Preparation of Clays 

(Cer. 2) 
Physical Training 
Military (Mil. 1, 2) 

Total 



S.H. 
5 
5 

3 

'3 

1 

2 

19 



Second Year 



Qualitative Analysis (Chen. 5a) 

Physics 1, 3 

Mineralogy (Ceol. 5) 1, 2 

Military 

Total 



5 Silicate Analysis (Chen 5a) 

5 Physics 1, 3 

5 Geology 1 

1 Physical Calculations (Cer.3) 

TE Military 

Total 
Third Year 



5 

k 

5 

2 

1 

17 



Geman, or French 2 
Physics of Heat (Phys. l6a. l6b) 
General Engineering Drawing 
Free Hand Dra^^ing (A. and D 1) 
Drying and Burning (Cpr.U) 
Total 



k Ggrnan, or French 2 U 

U Clay Modeling (A .and D 8) 2 

3 Working Drawings (Apch. 10) 1 

2 Body Making (Cer. 5) 6 

h Scononic Geoloiiy of Ceranic Materials 

17 (Geol. 2) 2_ 

Total 15 



Fourth Year 



Calculus (Math. 8a) 
Glazes CCer, 6) 

Ceranlc S^oichionotry (Ccr« 7) 
Analysis of Glasses njid Glazes 
(Chen. 6. 8a) 
Total 



Physical Chonistry (Chen. 3I, 33) 5 

Colors of Bodies and Glazes (Cer. 8) 3 

Thesis (Cer, l) 8 

Total "~iF" 



6^5 



couBss IN cmmic enginzsring 

First Year 



PIRST SSMESTSa 
Subject 

Ooneral Chonlstry (Chen, k) 
iilg. and Trig. (Math. 2,U) 
Genaan U 

General Engl neo ring Drawinn 
Military 

Physical Training 
Total 



^Qualitative Analysis (Chen. 5a) 

Physics 1, 3 

Geology 5 

Calculus (Math, 5) 

Military 

Total 



Ph:>'3ics (l6a. l6b) 
Drying and Burning (Cer. k) 
Electrical Engineering (E. E. 2) 
Electrical Engineering Labora- 
tory (E. E. 26) 
Rhetoric 1 

Total 



S.H. 
5 







Subject 


S.H. 


Qualitative Analysis (Chen. 3a) 

Oernan 5 

Analytical Geonotry (Math. 6) 

Military 

Physical Training 

Total 


5 

2 



Second Ygar 

U Silicate Analysis (Chem. 5b) 

5 Physics 1, 3 

h Geology 1 

5 Winning and Preparation of Clays 

1 (Cer. 2) 

Military 



19 



Third Year 

U Analytical Mechanics (T."& A.M.?) 

k Body Making (Cer. 5) 

2 Working Drawings (Arch. lO) 

Steam Engines and Boilers (M.E. 1) 
2 Rhetoric 1 



Total 



Fourth Year 



Analytical Mechanics (T. & A.M. S) 2 1/2 Surveying ( C.3. 10) 

Resistance of Materials (T. & A,M. 3 l/2 Geology 2 

9) Ceramic Construction (Cer. lO) 

Ceramic Stoichiometry (Cer. 7) 2 Thesis (Cor. l) 

Glazes (Cer, 6) 6 

Thesis (Cer, l) 1 

Total 15 



19 



I 

1 
3 

3 

IT 



IT 



The ceramic industry was relatively new and undeveloped in Illinois at 
that time; and it was the purpose of these curricula to educate men for positions 
of responsibility and leadership in the development of the clay resources and 
other ceramic interests of the State,.- for men who could build up a body of know- 
ledge upon which to found the industry, and for men who were sufficiently skilled 
to advance the industry to the status of a profession. The course of study in 
Ceramics was rather highly specialized, containing no subjects in mechanics and not 



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many others of a technical nature outside of its own particular area. It was de- 
signed to prepare men cspocially for chemical or other technological Dork.ln the 
laboratories of ceramic industries. The course of study In ceramic engineering 
contained the same basic engineering subjects as other engineering curricula and 
was designed to train men to build and operate ceramic plants. 



Ourricula_in_Eailwajr E ngineering in 1907-08. — The 1907-08 issue of the Register 

contained the following arrangement of courses in Hallway Engineering,- the first 

schedule of courses in this newly-created depax*tment: 

COURSE OF STUDY i 

HEQ,UIRSD FOR THE DEGREE OF B. S. IN RAILWAY CIVIL BNGINEBRINQ 

FIRST YEAR 



FIRST SEMESTER 



Subject 



General Engineering Drawing 

( G.E.D. 1 ) 
Trigonometry (Math, U) 
Advanced Algebra (Math. 2) 
French 1, or German 1 or U, 

or English 1, or Spanish 1, 
Shop Practice (M.E.l) 
Military Drill (Mil. 2) 
Oymnaalum (Phys.Tr. 1,3) 
Total 



Surveying (C.E. 21) 
Differential Calculus (Math. 7) 
Physics Lectures (Phys. l) 
Physics Laboratory (Phys, 3) 
Rhetoric 1 
Military Drill (Mil. 2) 



SECOND SEMESTER 



Subject 



S.H. S.H. 

Descriptive Geometry (G.E»D. 2) k 

h Analytical Geometry (Math, 6) 5 

2 French 1, or German 3 or 5 or 6, or 

3 English 27, or Rhetoric 11, or Spanish 1,U 
Shop Practice (M.E.l) 3 

U Military Drill (Mil. 2) 1 

3 Drill Regulation (Mil. l) 1 

1 Gymnasium (Phys. Tr. 1, 3) 1_ 

1 Total 19 
IS 



SECOND YEAR 



19 



Topographic Surveying (C.E. 22) U 

Railroad Curves (C E. 23) 1 

Integral Calculus (Math. 9) 3 

Physics Lectures (Phys. l) 2 

Physics Laboratory (Phys. 3) 2 

Rhetoric 1 3 
Analytical Mechanics (T. ^ A.M, 7) 3 

Military Dpill (Mil. 2) _1_ 

Total 19 



1. For lack of instructor, the curriculuri did not go into effect vmtil I9O8-O9. 



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THIRD Y3AR 



Esiilroad Location, Construction 

and Maintenance (C.E. k) 5 

Analytical Mechanics (T. & A.M. 8) 2|r 

Resistance of Materials 

(T. & A. M. 9) 3i 

Engineering Materials (T. & A.M. 6) 1 



Chemistry 1 



Total 






Railway Yards and Terminals (Ey.B.3l) 1 

Bail^ay Structures (Ey.E. 32) 1 

Graphic Statics (C.E. 20) 2 

Hydraulics (T. & A.M. 10) 3 

Steam Sngines and Boilers (M.E. 11) 3 

Astronomy 3 on^ 6 or Gteol. 13 5 

Principles of Sconomics (Scon, 2) 2 

Total 17 



Economic Theory of By. Loc, 

(By. E. 33) 
Railway Manngcaent (2con. I3) 
Masonry Construction (C.E. 5) 
Bridge Design (C.E. 12) 
Metal Structures (C.E. 2k) 
Tunneling (C.E. 18) 
Thesis (By. E. 60) 

Total 



FOURTH YEAR 

Railr7ay Operation (By. E. 3U) k 

k Signal Engineering (By. E. 35) 1 

3 Seminary (Ry. E. 50) 1 

5 Rail'Jay Systems (Econ. lU) 3 

2 Bridge Design (C.E. lUa) 3 
1 Engineering Contracts and Spec.(C.E.l6) 2 

1 Thesis (Ry. 3. 60) 2 

1 Total "IT" 
17 



The curriculum was identical aith that in Civil Engineering during the first 
five semesters and differed from it during the last three semesters only that a 
few special courses dealing with the location, design, construction, and mainten- 
ance of track and equipment, and the design of railwny structures, were introduced 
to prepare for positions those who planned to enter the engineering departments of 
stewn-railwny linos. 

COURSE OF STUDY 
BBCiUIfiED FOR THE DBGREB OF S. S. IN RiJLiTAY ELECTRICiJ, ENGIHESaiN& 

FIRST YE^iR 

SECOND SSffiSTBR 
Subject 

Sfunc as 
Rail'.7ny Civil Engineering 



FIRST SEIESTER 



Subject 



SECOND n^IiS. 



Machine Shop (M.E. 2) 
Machine Design (M.E. k) 
Differential Calculus (Math. 7) 
Physics lecture (Phys. l) 
Physics Laboratory (Phys. 3) 
Rhetoric 1 
Military Drill (Mil. 2) 

Total 



Ilachinc Shop (M.S. 2) 
Mech,nnl8m (M. E. 5) 
Integral Cnl cuius (Hath. 9) 
Physics Lecture (Phys. l) 
Physics Liboratory (Phys. 3) 
Rhetoric 1 

ilnalytical Ilechanlcs (T. & A.M, 7) 
ililitary Drill (Mil. 2) 
Totnl 



19 



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THIED YEAR 



Dynamo -Electric Machinery ( S.E. l6) k 

Electric and Magnetic Mea8.(Phys.U) 2 

An. Mechanics (T. & A.M. 8) 2^ 

Resistance of MateriaLe (T. & A.M.q) 3t 

Engineering Mp.terials (T. & A.M. 6) 1 

Chemistry 1 k_ 

Totfd 17 



Alternating Currents (E.E. 5) 
E. E. Laboratory (E.E. 22) 
Electric aad Magnetic Meas.CPhys.U) 
Hydraulics (T. & A.M. 10) 
Surveying (C.E. lO) 
Steam Engineering (M.E. 23) 
Total 



Tf 



Ey. Lab. and Road Tests (Ry.E. 62) 
Loco. Road Tests (Ry. B. U) 
Seminary (Ry. E. 10) 
Adv. Alternating Currents (E.E.lU) 
Electrical Distribution (E.E. 15) 
Thermodynamics (ME. i5) 
Economics 2 

Total 



FOURTH YEAR 

2 Traction (Ry. E. 6l) 

3 Ry. Lab. and Road Tests (Ry.E. 63) 

1 I^nfimometer Car Tests {Bj^. E, S) 
3 Seminary (Ry. E. 10) 

3 Power Plants (E.E. 11) 

3 Economics l6 

2 Thesis (Ry. E. 30) 

17 Total 



il 



The arrangment of the program was much like that in electrical engineering and 
specialization did not begin until the senior year. The special courses in railway 
electrical engineering were concerned with the design and construction of electric 
railway equipment, the operation and pcrformnnce of electric cars aild locomotives, 
and the problems that arose in the electrification of steam lines, and were intended 
for students that planned to serve on electric railways or in the electrical depart- 
ments of steam roads, 

COURSE OF STUDY 
RiXiUIEED FOR THE DE&RBE OF B, S. IN RAILWAY MECHAKICAL ENGINEERING 

The first and second years arc the same as the curriculiim 
in Railway Electrical Engineering 

THIRD YEAR 



SMESTER 

Subject 

Steam Engineering (M.E. 23) 
Graphic Stat, of Mech. (ME. 18) 
Seminary (M. E. 29) 
Analytical Mechanics (T. & A.M. 8) 
Resistance of Materials(T. & A.II. 9) 
Engineering Materials (T. & A.M. 6) 
Chemistry I3 or E. E. I6 

Total 



S.H. 
3 
2 
1 

3? 

1 
U 

TT 



S2MBSTSR 
Subject 



S.H. 

3 
3 



Thermodynamics (ME. 7) 

Po'7er Mcas. ( M. E. 3) 

Engineering Chemistry (Chem. I6) or 

Graphic Kinetics (M. E. 25) 3 

Seminary (M. B. 29) 1 

Hydraulics (T. & A.M. 10) 3 

Surveying (C. B. lO) 2 

Electrical Eng.(B.B. 25 or B.E.l) 2_ 

Total 17 



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Locomotive Sngines (Hy. E. l) 
Locomotive Desiga (Ey. E. 2) 
locomotive Boad Tests (By. E. U) 
Shop Systems (Ey. E. 3) 
Seminary (By. E. 10) 
Mecb. of Machinery (M. .S. 8) 
Elect. Eng. (E.B. 6 or E.E. 2l) 
Economics 2 

Total 



rOUHTH YEAR 

2 Shop and Auxiliary Equipment(Ry.E.5) 1 

3 Advanced Design (By. E. 7) 3 
3 Traction (By. B. 6l) 2 
1 DiTiam. Car Tests (By. E. 8) 1 

1 Seminary (Ey. E. lO) 1 

2 Mech. of Mach. (U*.3. 8) 3 
2 Economics l6 2 
2 Thesis (By. E. 30) 3 

IT" Total lb 



This course of study was patterned closely after mechanical engineering and 
differed from it only in the senior year. The special courses dealt with the design 
of locomotives and cars, the resistance of steam trains, the perfonannce and tests 
of locomotives, and tests of railway equipment, and were intended for those who 
planned to enter the motive-power department of stenn transportation linos or engage 
in the production of railway rolling stock. 

The First Curricvilum in Mining Engineering after the Department was Eo~established 
in 1909 . -The first course of study in Mining Engineering after the Department was 
re-estaMishcd in I909 appeared as follovrs: 

Course of Study 

Required for the Degree of B. S. in Mining Engineering 

FIHST YEAR 



First Semester 

General Engineering Drawing (G. 
Trigonometry (Math. U) 
Advanced Algebra (Math. 2) 
French 1 or German 1 or U or 

English 1 or Spanish 1 
Shop Practice (M.E. 1) 
Military Drill (Mil. 2) 
Oymnp.siuin (Phys. Tr. l) 

Total 



Second Seostor 

,D.l) U Descriptive Geometry (G.E.D. 2) 

2 Analytical Geometry (Math. 6) 

3 Frencji 1 or Gorman 3 or 5 or 6, 

or English 2, or Rhetoric 11, 
U or Spanish 1 

3 Shop Pr.-ctlce (11. B. l) 

1 Military Drill (Mil. 2) 

1 Drill Hegalations (Mil. l) 

Gymnasium (Phys. Tr. l) 

IS Total 



5 

k 

3 

1 

1 

1 

19 



SBCOND YEAR 



Differential and Integral Calculus 

(Math 5a) 
Physics Lecture (Phys. 1) 
Physics Laboratory (Phys. 3) 
Military Drill (Mil. 2) 
Rhetoric (l) 

Elementary Chemist 1^ (la or lb) 
Mining Principles (Kin. l) 
Total 



Physics Lectures (Phys, l) 

5 Physics Laboratory (Phys. 3) 

3 Rhetoric (l) 

2 Military Drill (Mil. 2) 

1 ^inalytical Mechn^ics (T. & A.M. 7) 

3 Chemistry (2 & 3) 

k Earth & Rock Excavation (Min. 2) 
1 
19 Total 



2 
2 
3 

1 
3 
5 
3 

W 



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FOURTH YEAB 






Design (C. E. lUb) 


2 


2 


Dynamo Electric Machinery (3,B. l6) 


k 


3 


Mine Administration & Organization 




2 


(Min. 7) 


1 


5a) 2 


Thesis (Min. 11) 


3 


2 


Mining Law (Min. 8) 


1 




Mining Laboratory (Min. lO) 


2 


5 


Engineering Contracts & Specif icar- 






tions (C.E. l6) 


2 




Scononics of ConI (Min. 9) 
Total 


1 


IT 


~Tr~ 



6^ 

THIED YSAR 

Analytical Mechanics (T. & A.M. g) 24 Graphic Statics (C E. 20) 2 

Resistance of 1-laterials (T. & A.tLj) 3I Topographies Surveying (C.E. 22) 2 

Chemistry (5a) 5 Mine Surveying (Min. U) 2 

Surveying (C.E. 21) 5 Steam Sbagineering (M, E. 23) 3 

Mining Methods (Min. 3) 2 Engineering Geology (Geol. 13) 5 

Mine Ventilation (Min. 5) 3 

Total IS Total 17 



Technical Gas & Fuel AnalyslB, 

Calo Timet ry (Chem 65) 
Special Geology of Coal 
Bridge Analysis (C.E. 12) 
Investigation of Structures (C.E. 13a) 
Mine Machinery (M. B. 35) 
Mecha;ilcal Engineering of Colliers 

(Min. 6) 

Total 

The Dcpartneiit of Mining Engineering was re-established by urgent request of 
the best mining interests of the State to provide training for men in the fundamen- 
tals of mining engineering so as to maintain the industry on the level of a learned 
profession. Specialization did not begin until the sophomore year and then only to 
a very limited extent. Throughout the entire program, the schedule contained a 
liberal nximber of subjects in allied departments, but these were all essential to 
a well-balojQccd curriculum in this particular field. As coal was the dominating 
mining Interest in the State, it received more attention than is sometimes allotted 
to it in other sections, - an arrangement, however, that was economically justifiable 
from the University's vioiTpoint. 

b. SUMMER READING 
General . - In a desire to promote a more general education of the engineering students 
and particularly to cultivate a familiarity with, and nn appreciation of, good 
literature, the faculty of the College of Engineering in the spring of 1907 made a 
requirement that all undergraduate students should do a certain anoxint of proscribed 
non-professional reading, nominally in the sumuer vacation following the freshman 
year and also in that following the sophomore year, A little pamphlet V7as published 



^=1 



Ox .a.E: 



-k 



boi 



<C»8|floTlfJB 



. j.-jvi''''-- .'■^* -.otl 



651 
giving a list of four to six books each in history, fiction, poetry, and science 
for f reshmenf and a siiailar one for sophonores. To oach volune was assigned a 
certain nunber of points, and the student was to read enough books to aggregate 100 
points for each sunmcr vacation. The students wore expected to read approximately 
half the books in each list. Snch student was given a printed sheet to facilitate 
the reporting of his reading. The proscribed books were carefully selected for 
their value from the point of view of general training; but an attenpt was nade to 
include only readable and attractive volunes. The painphlet also contained a con- 
prchensive list of supplenental reading in fiction, history, biography of statesnen 
and of scientific nen, politics, science, engineering, and art and artists, for the 
use of any who night desire to extend his reading beyond the prescribed lists. 

The results of the e:q)erlnent ^erc a disappointnent. First, not very iiany of 
the students did the reading in vacation. Sone who worked during the vacation said 
they were too tired after a dni''s work, or lacked reasonable facilities for doing 
the reading. Others claincd that it was difficult or Inpossiblo to got the books, 
although all of then were standard and probably could bo obtained in any public 
library; however, the panphlet referred to above gave the publisher and price of 
cheap editions of each book, and the total cost of either list v;as not so great but 
that uost of the non could have bought the books if they had been inclined to do so. 
Sone students deliberately postponed the reading until they returned to the Univer- 
sity the succeeding fall. The result was that nost of the reading was done during 
the early part of the succeeding senester; and thus \7hat was intended for pleasant 
and profitable sionner reading bccnne in the nain an addition to a curriculun already 
reasonably full. 

Second, not nany students appreciated the object sought , and the doing of the 
work mainly during the senester had a tendency to do it hastily and superficially, 
and without ouch benefit. Curiously, nany of the noro anbitious students objected 
□ost strenuously to giving tine to this reading on the ground tjiat such work hp.d 
no value for an engineer; and often those who needed such work nost wore the nost 
urgent in presenting this view. Not infrequently such students postponed the suoaer 

UNlVERiIfY Of 
lUINOIS LIBRARY 



<>a iihii^'ifiij uioa' 



a^ no till 



Jv^ 



iiiijiiiifiSt OTiO" i..<fiXi 'ic 



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652 
reading to the eleventh hour; and when Infortied that they could not be graduated 
without a credit for sunner reading, brought in a report in an astonishing, brief 
tine. 

In an attonpt to increase the interest in such reading, the requirenent waa 
reduced in I912 to one half, but without any beneficial result. Then, all require- 
ments concerning sunner reading were abandoned in I9I8. 

Later, two other attenpts were nade to secure the sarie object as th?,t aimed at 
in requiring sunner reading; viz., the liberrCLizing of the engineering curriculag and 
the passage of a rule concerning a student's deficiency in the use of English. Both 
of these plans will be discussed later in the ehapt" ' 

c. FACULTY STUDIES OF SlTGIl'IESRING CUERICULA, I9IO-I5 
General . - In any growing institution, the curricula of the various departnents are 
exanined critically and .lodifications nade fron tine to tine as conditions justify, 
and even new curricula are occasionally added in an attenpt to keep pace with the 
dcvelopnent of the specialization in subjects or as the finances and facilities of 
the institution permit, and old curric\ila are sonetines deleted. Thus, the existing 
curricula at any particular tine are the results of devclopnonts by addition and sub- 
stitution or even of eliniiiatioa. Through such changes, the several existing curri- 
cula in an institution, particularly in the larger ones, are likely to differ fron 
tine to tine sor.ewhat in total anount of r-ork and also in the relative quantity re- 
quired in different classes of subjects. For exnnplo, when a new nan cones to take 
charge of a particular line of v7ork, ho nay desire to nodify the curriculun in accor- 
dajice vrith liis particular views or his particular ability, in accordance with the 
most recent developnonts of a subject, or the denands of industry. Thus, due to 
changes in personnel and often to nunerous other reasons, the curricula are constant- 
ly undergoing at least ninor changes, although the possibility of nnking changes in 
a single curriculun is usually seriously United by the requirenent s or contents of 
other curricula. Therefore, since it is desirable that the anount of vTork required 
of different students should be at least approxinately the sane throughout the insti- 
tution, and since it is also desirable that the curriculun in any particular field 



't ■ivr ri/.^-(Rti 



tfV ta: 



tJiitfQtttvr 



MQ ^kiatKO Ifliovor 



653 
should in scope and character of vrork represent the test attainable, it is necessary 
to nakc a comprehensive study fron tine to tine of the several curricula arrangements. 

Such a study of the several curricula of the College of Engineering was 
suggested by Dean Goss on March I3, I9II; and for noro than a year a largo connittee 
of the engineering facility, under the chaimanship of Professor G. A. (Joodenough, 
was industriously engaged in this investigation. Pron tine to tine, this connittee 
made numerous and elaborate reports to the faculty which were often the occasion of 
long continued discussion. The following are the leading subjects considered and 
the conclusions reached. 

1. Sonestcr Hpurs Required for Graduation . Since the other undergraduate 
colleges of the University required 123 souester hours for graduation, exclusive of 
7 in nilitary and physical training, an inquiry was nadc as to whether or not the 
College of Engineering should continue to require 135« exclusive of 7 in nilitary 
and physical training. Table XXl;shoT7s the number of senester hours required for 
graduation in engineering then in twelve of the leading institutions 6f this country. 
At that tine the College of Engineering offered ten curricula, but only five '^ere 
included in the table. The curricula in architecture and architectural engineering 
were not included, since these had recently been reorganized in accordance with the 
reconnendations of the CollCf'^iate Agsociation of Architectural Schools, as mentioned 
later in this chapter, T^c curricula in rail-.^a^' civil, rail'.^ay electrical, and rail- 
way mechanical engineering were omitted, since such courses wore found only in the 
University of Illinois. 

In Tables XSII and XXIII, C. S. stands for civil engineering, S. S. for elec- 
trical engineering, li. S. for mechanical engineering, Miu. E. for mining engineering, 
and M. & S. E. for municipal and sanitary engineering. 



TABLE XXII - SEMSTEH HOURS RBiUISED FOR GRADUATION IN ENGINEERING 



UNIVERSITY 


C. S. 


3. B. 


11. E. 


UIN. E. 


M. & S. B. 


Colunbia 


180 


170 


187 


183 


180 


Cornell 


lUo 




lUo 






Illinois 


135 
lU8 


l^k 


135 


136 


135 


Lehigh 


lh3 


151 


157 




Mass. Inst. Tech. 










173.7 


Michignn 


lUo 


lUo 


lUo 


lUo 


lUO 
lUl 


Minnesota 


152 


159 


158 




Pennsylvania 


168.5 


171.5 


183.1 




157.2 


Purdue 


150.8 


153.2 


ii+1.6 






Stevens 






i6o 






Wisconsin 


iLfU 


160 


155 

lUii 


160 




lifo re ester 


lUU 







On the basis of the shovrtn,? in Table XXH.it was decided that the College of 

Engineering should continue to require 135 senestor hours, exclusive of the 7 In 

military and physical training. 

2. PROPORTION of Tine to Different Linos of work . A study v7as nade to 

deteruine the proportion of tine given in each curriculxiri to different groups of 

subjects. The subjects offered by the College were divided into four groups as 

follows: 

j^. Langufti^c and general cultural subjects. 

». llathcnatics, pure and applied, including all technical 
subjects strongly nathniintlcal In nature. 

C. Technical laboratory, drafting, surveying, etc. and all 
other subjects that do not require extensive p:.-spci,rat.ion 
outsido of class. 

H. Technical courses largely infornational in character and 
less closely related than others to the specialized purpose 
of the course. 

In this study no account -vas taken of the tine devoted to nilitary, physical 

I training and thesis. The results of this investigation arc f^iven in Table XXIII. 

T^iBLE XXIII - PROPORTION OF TIIIE iJJ/DCivTED TO THL DIFFERENT GROUPS 
OP SUBJECTS IN THE CURilTCULi». 



635 



' PEECEKTiiGE OF TOTAL TIHE DEVOTED TO 
CUERICULUM • 


, Group A Group B Group C Group D 


c. E. ' 16.7 ' ^1.7 " 31.0 ' 10.6 

E. E. ' lU.O ' 50.i+ • 31.7 ' 3.9 
M. E. ' 17.1^ ' U7.O ' 31.0 • U.6 
Mln. E. ' Ik.k • U7.O ' 27.3 ' 11.3 
M. & S. E. ' 12.0 ' UU.O ' 35.0 ' 9*0 



A slnilnr study wn,s nade of the curricula in the leading engineering colleges 
of tho United States and Cnnada, to dctemine the total aiaount of tine given to 
the different groups of studies, and also the pxiount of tine given to each group 
during each of the four years. In this study, also, no account was taken of the tine 
devoted to nilitary, physical training, and thesis. Fron this investigation the 
following conclusions wore drawn: ('l), Tho anount of tine given to the different 
groups seens not to follow closely any general law, and there is wide variation be- 
tween different institutions; (2), the tine given to Group A usually decreases dur- 
ing the four years; (3), the tine given to Group B is fairly unifom during tho 
four years, and is usually a little less than half tho total for each senester; 
(U), the percenta-'es for Group C are very erratic; (5) the work in Group D is such 
a snail part of the total that it need not receive separate attention, the tine de- 
voted to this group being distributed anong the other groups; (6) ."bhe percentage 
of the total tine rcconucndod for the three groups was approxinritely as follows: 
Group A, 25^; Group B, U5^; and Group , 30^." Those percentages wore adopted as 
the guide to bo used in revising the several curricula. 

d. CHiiNGES ivUiDS IN THE CURBICULa FOLLOWING THE 
RECOieiEi'JIliTIONS OF THE COIIMITTEE 

Undergraduate Thesis . - The thesis rcquirenent for graduation was rescinded during 

the year igi2-13, to become effective at the beginning of the school year I913-IU, 

The committee of the faculty appointed to study revision of courses with Ppofessor 

Goodenough as chairm/Dji presented the following recommendation during the year I9II- 

12.^ 



1. The TeChnograph, No. 2, Vol. XXVII, March, I913, pages 153-15^+. 



o.xt 



.^nih oAi.i. 



-»-<.^L- 



656 

"A thesis as a rigid requirement is to be discontinued. A regular student of 
high standing may, however, with the approval of the head of the department, have 
an option between a thesis, and some specified engineering subject,' 

"In the discussion which preceded the action taicen, the problem was presented 
from many different points of view. It seemed to be the opinion of the faculty 
that a thesis possessed high educational value for some students, while its value 
to others was problematical. To whatever extent the thesis encouraged originality 
and independence in work, its value was conceded, but tho opinion of individuals 
differed as to the extent to which these advantages were secured. 

"Professor Balcer maintained the argument that the preparation of a thesis 
afforded training for a student that he could not get elsewhere in his curriculum. 
The following is an extract from a printed circular concerning the selection of 
the subject for, and the preparation of a thesis, which ho handed to each student 
early in his senior year: 

" *The thesis differs from other subjects in the course In that in the latter 
the student is expected simply to follow the directions of the instructor, - to 
study specified lessons and recite thereon, to solve the problems assigned, to 
read the articles recommended; - while tho preparation of the thesis is intended 
to develop the student's ability to do independent work. There is comparatively 
little in the ordinary college work to stimulate the student's power of initiative, 
but in his thesis work he is required to take the lead in devising ways and means. 
The power of self-direction, tho ability to invent methods of attack, tho capacity 
to foresee the possible results of experiments, and the ability to interpret cor- 
rectly the results of experiments is of vital importance in tho future of any 
engineering student. With certain limits, the thesis is a test of the present 
attainments of the student and also a prophecy of his future success. The interest 
of the University in thesis work is shown by the fact that the student receives 
individual instruction and practically has the resources of tho institution placed 
at hi s commsiid. *" 

Thus, in I913, after ^+0 years of experience requiring the thesis as a subject 
for graduation, the requirement was abolished, resulting in practically discontin- 
uing the undergraduate thesis, although later issues of The Eegis'or carried the 
statement: "A senior of high standing in any curriculum, with thu approval of the 
department concerned, may substitute for one or more technical courses an investi- 
gation of a special subject and write a thesis on the results". 
Other Changes . - On recommendation of the Committee, tho Faculty adopted the 
following other changes in the ciirrlcula to become Effective at the beginning of 
the academic year 19lU-l|j: 

1. Chemistry was transferred from the junior to the f:-oshman year. 

2. Ehetoric was transferred from the junior to the freshman year. 

3. Modem language was changed from the freshman to the sophomore year, and 
i,the requirements in modern language wore to be English, French, or 

German; but a foreign language could not be taken unless French, German, 
or Latin should be offered for admission, Spanish, previously allowed, 



657 

was no longer to be accepted as fulfilling the modem-language requirement, 

k. Shop practice vvas transferred from the freshman and sophomore years to 
the sophomore and junior years; and since the character of the shop 
practice had been radically changed, it was dropped from all curricula 
except those of Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, and 
Hallway Electrical and Railway Mechanical EnginQcring. 

5. Economics, previously required in certain curricula, wna made elective. 

6. The time recommended for subjects in Group C (30?^) was reduced to give 
room for nine sanest er-hours of non-technical elect Ives in the last 

three semesters, -non-technical electives being defined as subjects offered 
in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences or in the College of Commerce, 
not open to freshmen, that are approved by the head of the engineering 
department in which the student is registered. 

Concerning this last change, It is appropriate to state that the chief reason 
for making the revision of the curricula was a desire to substitute a number of 
electives, and thus allow the student to broaden his education by taking some of 
the so-called cultural subjects. This decision to include nine semester- hours in 
the last three semesters of all curricula was the most radical of all the changes, 
since for many years at least, all subjects of the several curricula had been fully 
prescribed. This change seemed also to be the most desirable, since the faculty 
was well aware that its graduates had only a meager knowledge of economics, history, 
sociology, literature, etc. rurthermore, it seemed to bo the consensus of opinion 
of leading practicing engineers that for an engineer to attain the highest success, 
it is necessaiy for him to have a broader education than that giv^n 'ny most engin- 
eering colleges. The facility did not expect that nine scmcster-hourc would give a 
student even a fairly complete knowledge of tho subjects elected; but it did hope 
that the elective subjects would enable the student to got a glimpse of a new 
field that would inspire him to continue his study in that direction after gradu- 
ation. 

However, the result of the change was a disappointment to many students and 
to at least some members of the faculty. First, many of the students soughtadvance 
courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry, etc., in preference to the so-called 
cultural subjects. Second, as was to be expected, some students failed to appreci- 
ate either the need or the purpose of the cultural electives; and consequently did 



658 
not give reasonable tine or attention to then. Third, it was often impcssi"ble for 
a student to find a reasonably satisfactorjr elective, since he must first register 
in the prescribed subjects, which limited the hours open for the electives; and 
sometimes before the engineering student could reach the registration officer, the 
limit of the size of the class had been reached. Fourth, the election was further 
restricted in some of the departments by a requirement that a student might take 
woric in that subject only by beginning with the freshman course, while freshman 
work could not be counted as a noxwtechnical elective for a junior or senior engin- 
eer. Fifth, in some departments the only subject open as an elective to engineer- 
ing students was taught as a part of a highly specialized course; and therefore to 
a large degree failed to accomplish the main object sought by the engineering stu- 
dent — to give him a general survey of the subject, For one or the other of the 
above reasons, the object sought by the electives was far from satisfactory; but 
doubtless in time the matter will be v/orked out better than at present, when the 
students come to understand better the purpose of the electives, and when adjust- 
ments can be made between the several departments so that engineering students can 
secure more satisfactory subjects as elective. 

Added Emphasis on Hhetoric for Engineering Students . — Another matter closely con- 
nected with the introduction of cultural subjects into the engineering curricula 
met with more Immediate success. Shortly after the revised curricula became effec- 
tive, the engineering faculty sought to empliasize the importance of rhetoric for 
engineering students by proposing the following regulation: 

"1. Rhetoric 1 and 2, freshman rhetoric, shall hereafter be a prerequisite 
for junior standing In the College of Engineering; and no student in this College 
shall be peroitted to register in more than eight hours of prescribed junior woik 
without having passed, or being registered in, Rhetoric 1 or 2* 

"2. Any student in the College of Engineering whose written work shows that 
he is unable to use good English, should be reported by his instructor to a stand- 
ing committee of the College of Engineering appointed for this purpose, which com- 
mittee shall have the authority to direct the student to take as a prerequisite for 
graduation such additional Instruction in rhetoric as may be prescribed by the 
Department of English." 

When these regulations were presented for the approval of the University 

Senate, they were finally made effective for tho entire university; and the admini- 






iaiiif eiv'oifs 



"movloU 



buy 
stration of the regulations was placed in the hands of a University Committee on 
Student's Use of English, the Secretary of ^rhich was an instructor in English. 
Stuaents who were deficient in the use of cither oral or 'jritton English were re- 
ported to this committee by the instructor, usually with samples of the faulty 
written work. The Secretary of the Committee then asked other instructors for sam- 
ples of the student's written English, and for the opinion of the instructors as 
to the ability of the student to use good oral English. NeXt the committee deter- 
mined what the student should do. Sometimes the student was merely admonished; 
sometimes he was required to write one or more themes, v;hich were corrected and 
the reasons for the corrections explained to him; and sometimes t^ student was 
required to take further rhetoric Instruction in class for which ho received no 
academic credit. The regulations were reasonably successful in calling the atten- 
tion of students to the importance of the habitual use of good English, and made an 
appreciable improvement in the language of quizzes, examinations, and reports, even 
though only a comparatively few instructors reported students for defective English. 
The students who were reported were almost, if not quite, unanimously pleased with 
the help received. 'It is interesting to note that the niunber of students reported 
was nearly the some proportionally from the several colleges; but possibly this 
fact might not be specially significant, since the instructors in the different 
colleges might not have been equally active in reporting cases. 
Additional Changes in Shop-Practice Instruction .- Since college shops were first 
established, many radical changes have taken place in the social relations and 
mechanical processes in industry, and in methods of operation and management. Crude 
and expensive processes in all brwiches of industrial activity have been subjected 
to rigorous scientific investigation, which showed the possibility of great im- 
provement in processes fxad. methods. The application of these conclusions in manu- 
facturing required technically-trained men, and therefore it seemed wise for the 
University to train its students in making such investigations and in applying 
the results of practice. Besides, training in elementary shop practice and machine 
manipulation, whic];i constituted the backbone of the original T7ork in all college 



660 
shops, no longer carried '.vith it the same relative educational value as formerly 
entitled it to a place in the curriculum. Consequently, in I913-IU, the University 
began to make radic^a changes in college-shop practice, becom ing pioneers among 
the engineering colleges of the country in introducing into its courses a scientific 
study of the efficiency of processes, methods, and tools in manufacture,- an inno- 
vation it has retained to date. Under this plan the college shop becomes in fact 
a shop laboratory. In later years, this change at the University of Illinois 
attracted the attention of many persons connected with the operation of college 
shops; and as a result, the Director sent out in response to requests, great 
quantities of literature describing the 'vork as administered here. 

The ideals which govern the operation of the shop laboratories here provide 
for the substitution of mental for manual training; a study of the reasons for, 
and the tests of the mechanlcpl processes rather than m re manipulation in these 
processes. Operation of p. machine is considered as incidental and secondary to 
the larger problems of production. Skill in manipulation is neither sought nor 
required, but the utmost importance is attached to an analysis of the contributing 
elements entering into the routine of manipulation, for the purpose of evaluating 
the factors involved in the production of parts. From a scries of relatively 
unimportant exercises in the manipulation of tools (more value to a trade appren- 
tice than a prospective engineer), shop v/ork under the current policy directs the 
student into a study of the operation: (l), to determine the present practice in 
regard to the operation; (2), to formulate the most efficient methods for perform- 
ing the operation; njid (3), to apply these methods in order to secure efficiency 
in production. 

The first involves a thorough analysis of all elements entering into the 
methods of doing the work in the usual way, a process which brings to light in- 
efficiencies existing in all unscicntificr>J.ly-planncd operations. For example, 
the student in making a scientific study of the drilling of mctfls, uses a drilling 



1. The Administration of College Shop Laboratories, by V.F.M. Goss, Proc.of Soc, 
for Promotion of Engineering Education, I912, p. 129-32, and Shop Instruction at 
Univ. of 111., by B.W, Benedict, Eng. Dducation ,-tho monthly bulletin of the Society 
for the promotion of Engineering Education, — Dec. 1915i p. 23U-57, 



661 

machine equipped with a dynamometer v/hich records the pressure on the drill, and 
from which can be determined the power used by drills of various forms and made of 
different qualities of steel, in drilling different metals; and by pergonal in- 
vestigation the student determines the amount of '.Tork drills and drilling machines 
ought to do in various metals. Without such an investigation the customary form 
and material of the drill, and the usual rate of drilling arelikely to be accepted 
as satisfactorj'- without question, when in fact the efficiency of the operation may 
be very low. In other words, the new shop courses do not stop with mere instruc- 
tion in manipulation, as traditional practice prescribes, but go into a searching 
investigation after facts for the purpose of scientifically perfecting the operation. 

Trom the investigation of present methods, the student is led through the 
second important state of the course,— the use of the information and data pre- 
viously secured as a basis on which to develop the most efficient methods of 
performing the operation. All of the resources of the student arc here called into 
play, as the work is creative and not bound by traditions or precedent. Complete 
knowledge of all contributing processes must be secured, if the data arc not at 
hand. 

nVith the second stop in this program completed, the third can be approached 
with the same certainty that attends nil processes founded upon scientific re- 
search. Equipped '.7ith the knovdedge of the methods to be used in performing the 
operation, the student then proceeds to apply these methods to secure in practice 
what has previously been determined as standard porfomance. Thus we have, first, 
the investigation; second, the planning; and third, the execution. This last step 
is concerned with the problems of labor, management, production, and all the factors 
entering into shop operation. 

Safety in Shop laboratories . — In any college shop there is liability of accident 
as the students are young, f>jn& are inexperienced in the handling of machinery; and 
with the change in method and purpose of the shop v/ork, the Director saw that the 
introduction of manufacturing processes would increase the possibility of accidents. 
!]?herefore, ho put safety appliances on all the machines, and in addition gave a 



662 
special course of instruction on the methods of preventing accidents, and organized 
among the students taking shop work a "Life and Limt Glut" in which the membership 
was optional "but in which the student's cooperation was hearty and actually unan- 
imous. Before signing the memhership roll each member took a formal oath (moral 
tiut not legal' administered "by a memlDer of the Instructional staff; and afterward 
a memhership card was issued to each member in order to impress upon him the fact 
thr.b the Clu"b was real and that membership carried with it responsibility. Each 
student wore unon his shop clothing a celluloid button carrying the legend: "I 
will BE CAREFUL always" . During some period of his shop work each student served 
as Safety Assistant for eight laboratory hours. He studied the matter of safety 
from several angles; and submitted a written report to the instructor on the safety 
appliances and the hazards, with any suggestions he might have, as to improvements 
in the safety aTjpliances or in the method of operation. The result was that there 
were no serious accidents, and the member of minor accidents was less than under 
the former system of shop practice. In the methods employed for preventing acci- 
dents in the shop, the University of Illinois led all other college shops, and the 
National Safety Council recommended all other shops to follow the example jiere set. 

e. SPECIAL ENGINEEBING COURSK 
Engineeri ng Inspection Trip. ---Very early in the history of the University, engineer- 
ing ins'oection trips were taken by students of individual classes under suner* 
virion of faculty members to nearby points of interest for observations bearing on 
topics of current assignments. Senior-class inspection triTis were scheduled by 
individual departments indenendently very early in the 1900'b. For example, for 
a number of years after 1900, the DeT>artment of Civil Engineering generally con- 
ducted a trip in the fall to Danville and one in the spring to Chicago. Durimg 
those same years, the Departments of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering me.de 
annual trins, usually to Chicago and Milwaukee. At first, such tripe were quite 
informal and were conducted by only a few departments; but later, they became more 
general and more formal, --the students often being given printed descriptions of 



663 

the works to "bo inspected and of the things that should be noticed. These trips 
were optional v.lth the students; but usunlly all, or practically all, participated. 

In 1915, however, the senior inspection trip was made a requirement for grad- 
uation from the College of Engineering. The first of such trips, made on November 
22-2U, 1916, included inspections in Chicago and nearby points. A printed itiner- 
ary containing general directions and the schedules for the trip, was presented 
to each student before he left Urbana. The practice of scheduling the trip for 
visits to points of interest in Illinois, Wisconsin, and Missouri, and of printing 
the itinerary, has continued to the present time except ^en emergency conditions 
prevailed, as for example during the years 193I-32 to 193^35 inclusive when the 
depression prevailed and during 19^2-1^5, the period of World War II. The trips 
have been generally scheduled for about the middle of the first semester, and have 
usxially lasted three or four days, although some departments sometimes have taken 
a week. Each student pays all of his expenses on the trip, while the University 
pays the expenses of one instructor for each fifteen students or fraction more than 
ei^t. 

The value of these inspections lies in the training which the students get 
when they observe the extent of industry and the systematic processes involved in 
large-scale production. To those students that live outside of industrial regions 
and even to those that have grovm up in them, tiie trip presents opportunities for 
visualizing in operation what they have only been able to read about. The itiner- 
aries include a groat variety of plants or establishments of particular interest 
to departmental groups, comprising the best from the instiTzctional viewpoint. The 
managements of these plants generally make unusual preparation to receive their 
guests, taking every precaution to offer the best instruction and protection 
possible. Some time after his return to the campus, each student is required to 
prepare and present to his department a rather comprehensive report outlining in 
some detail an account of his observations and impressions of the trip. 
Fre sh men Engineering Lect ure. — The plan inaugurated in the fall of I909 of calling 
all engineering freshmen together once a \7cok,-at 10:00 o'clock on ./Gdnesdays, — to 



66U 

listen to lectures upon some general feature of engineering education or ongineer- 

1 
ing practice, has beon continued to the present time, and has proved itself to be 

of great value. The lectures have sometimos been given by members of the faculty, 

sometlmos by visiting professors, and often by a practicing engineer invited to 

come to the University especially for the occasion. This weekly assembly gives 

an opportunity to announce instructions concerning general administrative matters; 

but the chief purpose is to give the freshman a knowledge of some of the great 

accomplishments of engineers, to ncquaint him with the methods and machines employed 

in engineering construction, rnwl to give him an opportunity to hear instructors 

from other departments, ruid to hear prominent engineors in prp,ctlce. In other 

words, to develop a sort of professional atmosphere for the benefit of the student 

body. These lectures are useful to some freshmen, too, in helping them to orient 

thomselves and to determine which branch of engineering they will study after the 

freshman year, since freshman curricula of most of the engineering departments are 

identical during the first year. 

Beginning in the second semester of 1921-22, the departments took over about 
nine or ton of the periods nllottod to Engineering Lecture, -usually from about 
the first week in March to the first week in Mny, — in order to familiarize the 
students with the scope of the work in its different branches. Some of these 
periods have been occupied by inspection trips to the various laboratories in 
the College of Engineering. Others h.-.vc been used by instructors to outline the 
different phases of vjork in their respective divisions. 

In the beginning, these assemblies for Freshmen Lectures were scheduled to 
meet in the Chapel of University Hall. Later, they have been held in the Univer- 
sity Auditorium on the South Campus, and have been in charge of the Assistant or 
Associate Dean of the College. 



1, The lectures have been discontinued since September, 19^1, but will be resumed 
as soon as the war is over. 



665 
f . COUHSSS Aim CUSRICUU FHOM I915 TO X922 
New Curricula and Gur r iculnr Chnjigos .-The rjipid development in the field of 
applied science broadened the opportxmities for men engaged in engineering practice 
and provided lines of specialization that were undreamed of when the University 
was founded in 186S. Mechanical engineering expanded to include not only steam 
power problems, but also internal combustion engines, aeronautics, heating, ven- 
tilating and air-conditioning, refrigeration, and thermodynamics. Civil engineer- 
ing extended its fields to include sanitary and water-supply engineering, railway 
and highway engineering, structural engineering, and hydrology. Electrical engin- 
eering grew until it comprised work in radio, telephone, telegraph and other forms 
of communication, illumination, high-frequency currents, as well as electric power 
production. Ceramic engineering outgrow the field of pottery-making as designated 
by the term ceramics, to cover such other lines of industry as the production of 
structural clay products, enamel and glass wares, abrasion equipment, cements, and 
a variety of electrical and thermal insulating materials. 

To satisfy the imperative demands arising from incessant industrial and pro- 
fessional improvement, instruction in these new fields called for many specialized 
courses not all of rdilch could by any means be included in a four-year curriculvun. 
The development of these new courses made the work of formulating engineering 
curricula increasingly difficult through the years. The urge to include the many 
non-technical subjects of growing interest such as those courses in the fields of 
economics and business administration, onglish composition and speech, had to be 
compromised with the desire to inject the many specialized technical subjects that 
demanded consideration; for the four-year course was too short to contain all of 
the subjects that seem appropriate for study as the basis for an engineering career. 
Some of these curricula arc outlined in the following pages. 
Options in the Civil Engineering Curriculum, 1^15-1916 — For the first time in 
Civil Engineering, the curriculum of I915-I6 offered three options for the work in 
the senior year. These included the General Civil Engineering option. Structural 
Engineering option, and Hi^way Engineering option. Through the choice of such 



•^^i H^ntl •«' 



'riqiBOO^i lit-. 
■J irk imulii « n-A .* " r. •. r : .:;", •?- ; . 
••.•'\y .•;> •£:■:::■■• ..r . -; ?i t-^ic'xa 



:1. ■:rtv>'» 



6oio'i3-o 5i-C 



666 



consi stent ly-arrangod progrRins, students could specialize more systematically than 
they would be expected to do under the provision of free eloctives only. The 
separate curriculum in railway civil engineering which had been In existence since 
1907, already made special provision, of course, for students desiring to special- 
ize in this particular field. 

The Curriculum in Ceramic Engineering, Igl3-l6 . — In the register of 1915-16 when 
the Department was transferred to the College of Engineering, the Register con- 
tained the following curriculum in CerRjnic 23nginecring: 

EEVIS2D CUEIilCUimi lil CEEiu'HG EUGIIHEEING 
FIRST YEAR 
FIRST SaiESTER SECOIID SS'IESTSR 



Hrs. 
Chem. la or lb, -Inorganic Chemistry 3 or U Chcm, U-Q,unlitative Analysis 



Engineering Lecture 

G.E.D. 1-Elements of Drafting 

Math. 2-Collogiatc Algrebra 

Math. U-Trigonometri' 

Mil. 2a-Military Drill 

Phys. Tr. 1 and la-Gymnasium 

and Hygiene 
Rhet. 1-Rhetoric and Themus 
Total 



Chem. 5 a- Quantitative Analysis 
Math. 7-Differential Calculus 
Min. 3-Mining Principles 
Mil. 2c-Military D^ill 
Phys. la-Physics Lectures 
Phys. 3a-Physics Laboratory 

Total 



Engincei'ing Lecture 

G.E.D. 2 - Descriptive Geometry 

Math. 6-Analytical Geometry 

Mil. 1-Drill Regulations 

Mil. 2b-Milit,-ry Drill 

Phil's. Tr. 2-Gymnasium 

Rhet. 2-Hhotoric and Themes 



Hrs. 
k 

U 

5 
1 

1 
1 
3 



17 or 18 5?Qtal 

Summer Reading 50 Points 
SECOHD YEAR 



5 Cer. 1-Cernmic Materials 3 

5 Chcm. 5t>-'iuaxiitative Analysis 5 

2 Mpth. g-Integral Calculus 3 

1 Mil. 2d-Military Drill 1 

3 Phys. lb-Physics Lectures 2 

2 Phys. 3t-P^ysics Laboratory 2 
T. nnd A.M. 20 -Analytical Meclianics 



Summer Reading 50 Points 
THIRD YEAR 



Total 



Cer. 2-Winning and Preparation of 

Clays 3 

Cer. 3-Industrial Calculation 3 

Chem. 65-Gas and Fuel Analysis 2 

Language k 

T.and A. M. 21- Analytical Mechanics 2 
T.and A.lI.25-Rcsistanco of Materials k 

Total IS 



Cer. 5~Cerpjaic Bodies 

Cer. 10-Cements 

Cer, 12-DGsign nnd Shaping 

C. E. 7 6- Surveying 

Language 



Total 



19 



17 



667 



Cer.U-Drying and Burning 

Cer. 6 - &lazes 

Cer. 17 - Silicates 

&eol, 13a-Engineering Geology 

Non-Technical Elective 

Total 



FOURTH YSAR 

k Cer. S - Glass 2 

5 Cer, 9 - Ceramic Constimction h 

3 Ceramic Thesis or Technical Elective 3 

3 Geol, 13'b-Bngineoring Geology 3 

3 M.E.62-Mechanical Engineering 3 

Laboratory 

18 Total 15 



The Department thus afforded an opportunity for training in a field rirhich 
v/as of groTTing importance, and viiich stood to be greatly benefited through the 
utilization of trained engineers and throu^ the knorrledge gained from scientific 
research. There were relatively few institutions which offered worlf in ceramic 
engineering at that time, and this department at the University of Illinois -vas 
probably the best equipped and best prepared for the instruction of students and 
for research in the science of this subject of any university or college in the 
world. As stated in tho 1915-16 issue of the Register; "The courses offered by 
theDepartment of Ceramic Engineering arc designed to give a technical knowledge 
of the composition and properties of matcriqls used in the manufacture of claywares 
cements, glasses, and enamels, and to acquaint the student with the construction, 
equipment, and operation of ceramic plants." 

The Curriculum in Geramics .»Thc curriculum in Ceramics was dropped in I915-I6 when 
the v7ork in Ceramics and Ceramic Engineering was transferred to the College of 
Engineering. It was revived, however, in 1921-22, and appeared as follows: 

FIRST YEAR 
FIRST SEMESTER SECOND SSIviESTER 



Chem, la or lb-Inorganic Chemistry ^ or k Chem. 3 ''"•-Q/'^'iJ-i Native 

Math. 2-College Algebra 3 Math. 6a-Analytical Geometry 

Math. U-Trigonometiy 2 French or Gorman 

French or German k Rhet, 2 - Rlietoric and Themes 

Rhet, 1-Hhctoric and Themes 3 Phys. 3d. 2-Gymnaslum 

Phys. Edp l-Gymnasiun l/2 Mil.-Pract. Instruction 

Hygiene 1-Hygiene (Men) 1/2 Hil. Thcorct, Instruction 

Mil. - Pract. Instruction 1/2 

Mil. - Theoret. Instruction 1/2 

Total 17 or IS Total 



5 

5 
U 

3 

1 

1/2 
1/2 



IS 



1. Page 286" 



,«9-- 



'.lol-rff to 



668 



Chem. 5a-'iualitative Analysis 
Math. SarDifferential Calctilus 
Phys. la-Physlcs Lgcture 
Phys. lb-Physics Laboratoiy 
Cer, l-Ceramic Materials 
Military 



Total 



Cer. 12-Designing find Shaping 
Chem.65-Gas and Fuol J^alysis 
Geo 1.20- Gen oral Minenlogy 
Chem, 7-Metallurgy 
E. 3. 8-Elect. Current s( or elGCtivc) 
E.E. 6S- Sleet rical Eng. Lab. (or 

elective) 
Elective 

Total 



Cer. Uc-Drying and Burning 
Cer. 6-Glazes 

Cer.l7a-Physical Chem. Problems 
Cer.99-Inspoction Trip 
Elective 

Total 



SECOND YEAH 




5 
3 
3 
2 

3 

1 

17 


Chem. 5b- Quantitative Analysis 
Math. 8b-Integral Calculus 
Phys. lb-Physics Lectures 
Phys, 3"b-Phy8ics Laboratory 
Cer. 2- Winning and Preparation of 

Clays or elective 
Military 
Elective 

Total 


5 
3 
2 
2 

3 
1 


THIRD YSAB 




3 

2 

3 

3 
3 

1 


Cer. 3-I'^'iu.strial Calculation 
Cer.5-Cer,Tmic Bodies 
Chem. 9-Organic Chemistry 
Chcm,9c-0rganic Chemistry Laboratc 
Chem.31-Physical Chemistry 
Chem,33-^^ysical Chemistry Lab. 


3 
5 
3 

)ry 2 
3 
2 


18 


Total 


lb 


FOURTH YEAH 





5 ChGm.6-Chom. Technology 

6 Chem, 6l-Industrial Chem, Lab. 
1 Thesis 
Elective 
6 

18 Total ~1^ 



3 

3 

U or 5 
6 or 5 



The object of this curriculum v/as to prepare students to become ceramic 
chemists or technologists in charge of laboratories for the control of processes, 
for testing and investigating, and for research rather than to become operators 
of clay-working plants, as was the purpose of the curriculum in Ceramic Engineering, 
The first year the curriculxxm was offered, eighteen students enrolled in it. 
The Curriculum in Engineering Physics, — The curriculum in General Engineering 
Physics, or Engineering Physics as it was called later, was introduced in 1917-12. 
It was composed of fundamental courses already given in mathematics, chemistry, 
mechanics, electrical and mechanical engineering, rhetoric and language require- 
ments, and the usual oloctives required in the College of Engineering. The object 
of the curriculum as stated in University publications issued at that tine was to 
fit persons for investigations of general engineering problems calling for a 
knov;lodge of physics and mathematics, or to prepare them to teach physics and allied 



669 
subjects in eneineering colleges. The nunber of students in this curriculxin has 

not been great. In the first year there were two qjid the follovring year five, one 
of whom was graduated. The University of Illinois '.7as a pioneer in offering such 
a progran, and several other institutions began shortly afterward to schedtile such 
curricula. As listed in The Register, it was presented in the following arrange- 
ment of subjects. 

FIRST YEAR 



FIRST 

Hrs. 
Chen, la or lb-Inorganic Chomistry 3 or U 
G.E.D. 1-Elements of Drafting U 

Math. 2-Advanced Algebra 3 

Rhot. l-Rhetoric and Themes 3 

Phys.Tr. 1 and la-Gyonasiun and 

Hygi one 
Mil. la-Military Drill 
Mil. lb-Military Thoory 
Engineering Lecture 
Math. k. & Trig. 

Total 



SECOND SIMBST3R 

Chen. l|-Inorganic Chemistry 
G.E.D. 2-Descriptive Geometry 
Math. 6-Analytical Geometry 
Bhct. 2-Rhetoric and Themes 
Phys. Tr. 2- Gymnasium 
Mil. 2a-Military Drill 
Mil. 2b-Military Theory 
Engineering Lecture 



1 
1/2 
1/2 



• 2 
17 or iB 
Slimmer Reading ^0 Points 



Total 



German 1 -Elementary German or 

French la 
Math. 7-Differential Calculus 
Chem.5d-Elonentary Quantltive Anal. 
Phys. la-Physicg Lectures 
Phys. 3a-Physics Laboratory 
Mil. 3a-Military Drill 
Mil. 3b-Military Thcoiy 
Total 



SECOira YliAR 

Math. 9-Integral Calculus 

U Gorman 3-Narrativc Prose or French 

5 Chemistry (elective) 

U Phys. lb- Lectures 

3 Phys. 3^- Physics Laboratory 

2 T, and A.Ii. 20-Analy t i cal Uechaziics 

1/2 Mil. Ua-Military Drill 

1/2 Mil. l+b-Military Theory 

19 Total 



Summer Reading 50 Points 
THIRD YEAR 



Hrs. 

U 

k 

5 

3 

1 
1/2 
1/2 





3 

2 
2 

3 

1/2 
1/2 

IT" 



Math. 9a-Advanced Calculus 
Phys. i+a-Elcctrical ileasuremcnts 
Phys. 16 - Heat 
E. E. 25 - D. C. Theory 
E. E. 75 - D. C. Laboratory 
T. & A.M. 25-Rcsi stance of Materials 
Total 



17 



Phys. Ub - Electrical Measurements 2 
Phys. 17 - Li rating or 23- Sound 3 

M. E. 62 - Stenn Engines, etc. 3 

E. B. 26 - Alternating Current Theory U 
E. E- 76 - idtcmating Current Lab. 2 

Elective ^r it. 

Total 17- W 



670 

FOURTH YEAR 

Phys. lUa - Dynamics 3 Hath. 17 - Differential Equations 3 

Phys. 31r - Special Investigation 3 Phys. 2^ - Properties of Matter or 

Math. l6-Advanced Cal. and Difforen- Phys. 30-Int reduction to Theoretical 

tial Equations 3 Electricity 3 

M. E. 11 - Thermodynamics 3 Phys. 31b - Thesis 3 

Physics Colloquium Chem. 31 - Physical Chemistry k 

Elective 3- 5 Elective 3- k 

Total 15-17 Total 16-17 

C. COURSES iiKD CURRICULA FROM 1922 to I9U5 
a. CURRICULA, I922 to 19^1 
Changes in Language Requirenccts and in Hours for Non-Technical Eloctivos . -Beginning 
in September, 1922, the engineers were no longer required to take the formerly- 
prescribed eight hours of language, provided they had had one year of hi^-school 
language to substitute for the four-hovir course given each semester. In addition, 
the fourth year of English was considered equivalent to the one year of high- school 
language. This arrangement made provision for students to take additional technical 
clectives; but as an offset to this advantage, the non-tochnicnl olectives wore 
reduced from nine to six hours in most curricula. 

The Curriculum in Gas Engines ring . -A curriculum in Gas Engineering was provided in 
1922-23. This was introduced at the request of the gas industry of Illinois for 
the preparation of men '.vho desired to engage in the nnnufacture and distribution of 
all kinds of gaseous fuel, in the coking of copI, f>jid in the preparation and utili- 
zation of the by-products of coal. This curriculum was intended to fit men for 
operating positions about n gas or coko plant rather thnn for positions in the lab- 
oratory, where the work is more distinctly of a chemical nature. All of the courses 
offered in the curriculum with the exception of thirteen credit hours during the 
senior year, wore already being given by the University, for the new curriculum was 
essentially an adaptation of the courses in Chemical Engineering vTith additional 
subjects from the Departments of Mechanical Engineering, Mining, Engineering, and 
Physics. The administration of the curriculum was placed under the Department of 
Mining Engineering, '7ith the following subjects arranged for the four-year program: 






■:u BsaiTj: 



."yB-^kh 



671 



FIRST YEAR 



riRST SMESTER 

Chem. la or lb-General Chonl etry, 

Math. 2 - College Algel)ra 

Math, k - Trigonometry 

G. E. D. 1 

Rhet. 1 - Rhetoric and Thones 

Phys. Ed. 1 - Gymnasium Practice 

Hyg, 1 - Hygiene (Men) 

Mil. - Military Drill and Theory 

Eng, Lecture 

Total 



SBCOIID SaJESTSH 



Hrs. 
or 1+ 

3 
2 
k 
3 

1/2 

1/2 

1 



17 or 18 



Chem. 3^-Ii^organic and Qualitative 
Math, 6ar-Analytic Geometry 
German 6 - Advanced 
Ehct. 2 - Rhetoric and Themes 
Phys. Ed. 2-Gymnasium Practice 
Mil. - Military Drill and Theory 
Eng, Lecture 



Total 



Hrs, 
5 
U 
k 
3 
1 
1 




IT 



SECOND YEAR 



Chem. 5a.- "Quantitative 

Math. Sa - Differential Cfdculus 

Phys. la - General Pliysics 

Phys. }&. - Physical measurements 

Ger. h - Ppose Reading 

Mil, - Military Drill and Theory 



T. & A,M,25-Rcsi9tance of Mat 'Is 
E.E. 2-Elcctric Currents and App. 
E.E. 68 - Elec. Eng. Laboratory 
M.E. 1 - Ste.TD and Air Machinery 
M. E. 13 - Thermodynamics 
Chem. 7 - Metallurgy 
Chem. l4d-0rganic Chem, Lab 



Special-Gas Ungineering 

Min. 9 - Coal Preparation 

Chem. 77-Classifi Cation ahd Theory 

of Carbonization 
M. E. 61 - Power Measurement 
Non-technical Elective 
Inspection Trip 



5 Math 8b - Integral Calculus 3 

3 Phys. lb - General Physics 2 

3 Phys. 3t'-Piiysical Measurements 2 

2 Chom, 9 - Organic 3 
k Chom, 9c - Organic Laboratory 2 
1 T. if A.M, 20-Analytical Mechanics 3 

Mil. - Militaiy Drill and Theory 1 

TT ~W 

THIRD YEAR 

k T.&A.M.26-Analyt.Mech. and Hydraul. U 

3 Chem. 31 - Physical Chemistry 3 
1 Chem, 33 - Physical Chem. Laboratory 2 



3 M. E. 15 - Heat Engineering 

3 Chem. 65b - Gas Analysis 

3 Phys, 16 - Heat Phenomena 

2 Phys, 36 - Heat Measurements 
19 

FOURTH YEAR 

6 Special-Gas Engineering 

3 Cer. 20 - Refractory Materials 
Min. 6^ - Coal Mining Laboratory 

2 Chem. 76 - Tars and Oils 

2 Non-technical Elective 

3 




19 



18 



After the course had been offered for ten years, it was found that only two students 
had ever graduated and that only one or two others had ever gone beyond the freshman 
year. On account of this lack of interest, there v>'as no Justification for engaging 
a staff to handle tho 7/ork,and the curriculum was dropped at the end of 1932-33. 
General Engineering . -A non-specialized engineering curriculiim was prepared in a 
formal communication from Doctor Carman, Professor of Physics, at the time the 



672 
general revision of the curricula was xinder consideration during 1911-13* Professor 
Carman suggested that such a course would prepare men as managers of large under- 
takings of an industrial or engineering character, for which a specialized curricu- 
lum was not required; that such a curriculxim would be a good preparation for a 
general business career; and also that it might be followed by a fifth specialized 
year of study. The Committee on Revision of Curricula recommendod such a curriculiim, 
and the faculty adopted it; but at the request of the President it ?«• not put 
into effect at that time. 

Under date of May 9, I919, Mr. S. T. Henry, an engineering gradnate of 1904 
and President of the Allied Machinery Company, in a letter to Dean Hichards, 
suggested the advisability of an engineering curriculum that would prepare engin- 
eering students to become salesmen in foreign countries. 

Prompted by the suggestions of both Professor Carman and Mr. Heniy, and 
somewhat in lino with their recommendations, there was presented for consideration 
a non-specialized general engineering curriculum leading to the degree of 3. S. in 
G-eneral Engineering intended for students who might not wish to undertake a program 
of training for the more specialized fields of engineering practice, but '.vho, 
however, mi^t 77ish to secure fxindamcntal training in the principles of engineering 
theory in order to ally themselves with industrifd and commercial developement s 
in the fields of manp.gement, operation, and construction. The curriculum approved 
by the Board of Trustees in 192I provides a fundamental engineering training v7ith 
moderate emphasis on design and with some stress given to the business side of 
engineering and industry through sequences of courses in economics, money and bank- 
ing, labor problems, etc. The free elect ives provide a means for the development 
of any special interests the student may have. The studies in the first two years 
are not materially different from most of the other curricula in the College of 
Engineering, the only changes being in the substitution of economics for foreign 
language and the elimination of shop work with the exception of foundry and one 
semester of machine shop. In the junior and senior years, the students receives 
instruction in graphic statics, direct and alternating current, thermodynamics, 



,ai.- 



673 
steam engines, and ttro years of a language or nontechnical elective and two years 
of economics. 

The administration of this curriculum has so far been under the direction of 
the Assistant Dean or Associate Dean of the College of Engineering, 
Thfi First Curriculum in Creneral Engineering* The curriculum in General Engineering 
established in I923-2U appeared as follows in the Register for that year: 

FIRST YEAR 



riHST SiMESTia 

Chem.la or lb-Inorganic Chemistry 

G.E.D.l-ELemonts of Drafting 

Math. 2 - Advanced Algebra 

Math, h - Trigonomctiy 

Hhot. 1 - Rhetoric and Themes 

Phys- Ed. 1- Gymnasium Practice 

Hyg. 1 - Hygiene (men) 

Mil. la and lb, 11a and lib, 21a and 2lb 

31a and 31b, 51a and 51b-Uil 

and Theory 
Engineering Lecture 

Total 17 - 18 



SECOi© SaiESTER 



Hours 


Hours 


3 or U 


Chom. k - (iunlitntive Analysts U 


k 


G. 3. D.2- Descriptive Geometry U 


3 


Math. 6 - Analytical Geometry 5 


2 


Rhct. 2 - Rhetoric and Themes 3 


3 


Phys. Ed. - Gymnasium Practice 1 


1/2 


Mil. 2a and 2b, 12a ?md 12b, 32a and 


1/2 


32b, or 52a and 52b, - Military 


21b, 


Drill and Theory 1 


.11 

1 



Engineering Lecture 



Total 



SECOND TDAR 



Econ^. 1 - Principles of Economics 
Math. 7 - Differential Calculus 
M. E. 85 - Pattern and Foundry Lab. 
Phys. la - Physics Lectures 
Phys. lb - Physics Laboratory 
Mil. 3a and 3b, 13a and 13b, 23a and 
23^. 33a and 33b, or 53a and 
53^ - Mil. Drill and Theory 

Total 



19 



Econ. 3 - Money, Credit and Banking 

Math. 9 - Integral Calculus 

C.E. 3U-Plain and Topographic Surv. 

Phys. lb-Physics Lectures 

Phys. 3^-P^sics Laboratory 

T. & A.M. 20 - Analytical Mcch. 

Mil. kn and Ub, lUa and lUb, 2Ua and 
2Ub, 34a and 3Ub, or 5Ua and 54b- 
Mil. Drill and Theory _ 

Total 



18 



THIRD YEAR 



Econ|i. 35 - Corporations 3 

E.E. 11 - D. C. Apparatus 3 

E.E. 61 - D* C. Laboratory 1 

Language or Approved Elective 4 

M.E. 87-Machine and Forgo Laboratoiy 3 
T. & A.M. 25 - Resistance of Ilaterials 4 

Total 18" 



Business Law - Contracts etc, 3 

E. S. 12 - A. C. Apparatus 3 

S. E. 62 - A. C. Laboratory 1 

Language or Approved Elective 4 

M. E. 10 - Thermodynamics 3 
T. & A.M. 26 - Analytical Mcch. and 

Hydraulics 4_ 

Total 18 



FOURTH YEAR 



ChGm,7-Motallurgy of Iron and Steel 
Econ. 4l - Labor Problems or 
Econm.29-Foreign Commerce and Com- 
mercial Policies 



MT.th,23-Avcrages and Math, in 

Investments or 
Geol, 43 - Engineering Geology 
Econ. 42 - Labor Organizations and 
cont ' ii- 



SETSI-iC 



v.- 



,riaoM In! 



67^ 



Language or Approved Elective 
M. E. 3 - Steaffi Eng. 
C. E. S8 - Stresses in Structures 
C. E. 99 - Inspection Trip 

Total 



Employer Associations or 
3con. ^3 - Personnel Administration 3 
M. E. 6U - Power Measurements 3 

Language or Approved Elective U 

C, E. 90 - Structural Design U_ 

Total 17 



The successful completion of this progrnm of study, designed to provide young 
men inrith a sul^stantial basic knowledge regarding the principles of engineering de- 
sign and construction and plant organization, management, and operation, has enabled 
the students to takn positions whore they could be of immediate so3r7ico to employers 
either in the engineering or the business divisions of productive enterprise. 
Curriculum in Municipal and Sanitary Engineering, 1923-^6 »-yhen Professor Talbot 
was retired from active administrative duties in I926, the registration of students 
enrolled in the Department of Municipal and Sanitary Engineering was light; end as 
there was little prospect of improvement in that direction, the Department was dis- 
continued, and the curriculum as outlined below, was modified to become an option 
in Civil Engineering under the administration of that Department. 

riRST YEAH 
EI EST SMEST2R SBCOl^'D SEIffiSTSR 



Chom. la or lb - Inorganic Chemistry 3 or U Chen. ^-Qualitative Analysis 



Q-.E.D, 1 or U-Elcments of Drafting U 

Math.la-Metheraatical Analysis or 5 

Math 2 - Advanced Algebra and 3 

Math.U or 5-Trigonomotry 2 

Ehet. 1 - Rhetoric and Themes 3 

Phys. Ed. 31 - Physical Education 1/2 

Hyg. 1 - Hygiene and Sanitation(mcn) 1/2 

Military Drill and Theory 1 

Eng. Lecture 
Total 



17 oris 

SECOOT YSAR 



5.E.D. 2-Descriptive Geometry 
Math. lb-Mathematical Analysis or 
Math 6. - Analytic Geometry 
Ehet. 2 - Rhetoric and Themes 
Phys. Ed. 12, I3, lU, or 15 - Phys- 
ical Education 
Hyg. 3 - Hygiene and Sanitation 
Military Drill and Theory 
Eng. Lecture 

Total 



k 
5 
5 
3 

1/2 

1/2 

1 



18 



C. E. 27 - Plane Surveying 

Language 

Math. 7 - Differential Calculus 

Phys. la-Lcctures 

PiVs. 3'1-I'Piboratory 

Phys. Ed. 33 - Physical Education 

Military Drill and Theory 



5 

3 

2 

1/2 

1 



TsF 



C. E. 28 - Higher Surveying 

Language 

Math. 9 - Integral Calculus 

Phys. Ib-Lcctures 

Phys. 3b-Laboratory 

T. t= A.M. 20 - Analytical Mech. 

Phys. Ed, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, or: 27- 

Physical Education 
Military Drill and Theory 



3 
2 

2 
3 

1/2 
1 

"isF 



■Thn otii t; 



675 



THIRD YSAH 



Bact. 6 - Bacteriology 2h 

Chem. 10"b - Water Analysis 2^ 

C. S. 53 - Railroad Surveying 3 

T. & A.M. 21 - Analyt. Mech. 2 

T. & A.M. 29 - Resistance of Mat. 5 

Non-Technical Elective 2__ 

17 



C. S. 52 - Roads and Pavetients 
C. E. 60 - Structural Stresses 
C. E. 62 - Structural Details 
M. S. 2 - Steam Engineering 
T. & A.M. 10 - Hydraulics 
Won-technical Elective 



2 

3 
3 
2 

"IT 



FOURTH ri]AE 



C. E. 75 - Masonry Construction 3 

C. S. 95 -^ Plain Concrete 2 

C, E. 81 - Reinforced Concrete 2 

M. E. 61 - Power Measurement 2 

M. & S.E. 2-Water Supply Engineering k 
M. & S.E.6a-Water Purification and 

Sewage Disposal 3 

M. & S.E. 99 - Inspection Trip 

Hon-technical Elective 2 



C, B. gO-Contracts and Specifications 2 
3.E. 2 - Elementary Elect. Sng. 3 

M. & S. E. 3 - Sewerage 3 

li. & S. E. Gb -Water Purification 

and Sewage Disposal 2 

M. (i S.E. 9 - Hydraulic Design and 

Construction 2 
U. & S.E. 98- Thesis or Approved El. 3 
Non-technical Elective 2 



17 



Civil Engineering Curriculn between I926 and 1931 »-After an Hydraulic option had 
been added to the fourth year of the Civil Engineering curriculum in September I92U, 
and after the Sanitary option was added in September, 1926, the revised curriculum 
for this Department in 1926-27 appeared as follows with the five optional programs 
for the work of the senior yean 

FIRST AND SECOND YEAR 
Same as Municipal and Sanitary Engineering, 1925-26 
THIRD YEAR 



FIRST SEMESTER 

C. E. 51 - Railroad Surveying 

C. E. 95 - Plain Concrete 

T. & A.M. 21, Analytical Mechanics 

T. & A.M. 29 - Resistance of Matcrinls 

M. E. 1 - Steam and Air Machinery 



SECOND SEMESTER 



S.H. 

5 
2 
2 
5 

3 



;. E. 5^ - 

;. E. 60 - 



C. E. 

c. 

C. 3. 62 



Total 



I. 

75 - Masonry Construction 
71 - Water Supply Eng. 
85 - Structural Design 
99 - Inspection Trip 

Non-Technical Elective 

Technical Elective 

Total 



17 



Roads and Pavements 
Structural Stresses 
Elementary Structural 
Design 

C. E. 81 -Theory of Reinforced Con. 

T. & A.M. 10 - Hydraulics 

Non-Technical Elective 
Total 



C. 


E. 


C. 


E. 


C. 


E. 


D. 


E. 



FOURTH YEAR 
GENERAL OPTION 
3 C. E, 
U C. E, 



72 - Sewerage 3 

80 - Contracts and Spec. 2 

82 - Structural Desiga U 

5k - Valuations and Rates 2 

2 - Elcm. Elcc. Eng. 3 

Technical Elective 2_ 

Total 17 



E. 



E. 



676 



II. «THJCTUHAL OPTION 

C.E. 71 Water Supply Bng. U C.E. 

C,E. gU Valuations rjid Rates 2 C.E. 

C.E. S5 Structurrl Desien 5 C.E. 

C.E. 63 Statically Ind.Structurcs 3 C.E. 

C.E, 99 Inspection Trip C.E. 

Nonr-Toch, Elective 3 , S»E. 

Total 17 



III. HIGMAY OPTION 



C.E.. 57 
C.E. 71 
C.E. 85 
C.E. 55 
C.E. 99 
Kon^Tech Elective 



Water Supply Eng. 
Structural Design 
Highway Do sign. 
Inspection Trip 



Total 



2 

5 
k 




C.E. 
C.E. 
C.E, 
C.E, 
C.E. 
C.E. 



IV. HYDRJITTLIC OPTION 



C.E. 57 Hydrology 
C.E. 71 Water Supply Eng, 
C.E. 75 Masonry Construct 
C.E. 85 Structural Design 
C.E. 99 Inspection Trip 
Non-Tech, Elective 

Total 



1^ 



SAHIT.'iRY OPTION 
2i 



Bact. 6 Bacteriology 

Chem. 10b Chen, of Tifater and Sewcr".ge2§ 

C.E. 73 Structural Design k 

C.E. 71 Water Supply k 

C.E. 80 Contracts and Spec, 2 

C.E. 87 Water Purification 3 

C.E. 99 Inspection Trip 

Total TT" 



72 
75 
SO 

82 
&i 
2 



72 
75 
80 
82 

9U 
96 



Sewerage .»' 3 

Masonry Construction 3 
Contracts and Specif. 2 
Structural Design •+ 
Statically Ind. Strs.3 

El em. Elec, Eng. 2- 

18 



Sewerage 3 

Masonry Construction 3 
Contracts and Specif, 2 
Structural Design k 
Highway Administrat 3 

Eoad Materials 2_ 

Total 17 



C.E. 72 Sewerage 

C.E. 79 Water Power Engineering 

C.U, 78 Drainage Engineering 

C.E, 80 Contracts and Spec. 

C.E, 82 Structural Design 

E.E. 2 Elem. Elect. ^ Eng. 
Total 



-if 



C.E, 75 Masonry Construction 

C,E. 89 SgWage Treatment 

C.E, 72 Sgwerago 

C.E, 76 Structural Design 

E.E. 2 Elem. Elect. Eng. 

Non-Toch, Elective 



17 



Total 

This curriculum in civil engineering offers a systematic training in the 
principles underlying the design and construction of 'bridges, buil,dings, dnms, 
retaining walls, and other structures; railways and highways; watoi^-supply and 
sewage disposal systems; hydraulic engineering works, etc. Opportunity is offered 
in the senior year for a certain amount of specialization in some of the more im- 
portant branches of civil engineering by the options in structural engineering, 
highway engineering, hydraulic engineering, and sanitary engineering, idiich bring 
the students into contact with some of the more difficxat problems encountered in 
engineering practice. 



677 
The curriculum in Civil Engineering underwent several changes from I927 to 1930. 
Besides, an option was provided in city planning. The curriculum as given in 
1930-31 was as follows: 

FIRST Y-^R , 
Same as 1925-26 except that Math, la and lb were omitted. 
SSCOND YEAR 



C. E. 27 Plane Surveying 3 

Math. 7 Differential Calculus 5 

Phys. la Physics Lecture 3 
C, S. 59 Bridge and Building Const., 

To-'eign Language, or App. Elective 3 

Physical Education l/2 

Military 1 

Physics 3a (Physies Lab) 2 

Total 17t 



C. E. 60 Structural St res. 

C. E. Ul Roads and Pavements 

C. B. 42 Highway Lab. 

M. E. 1 Steam and Air Machinery 

T. & A.M. 2 Analyt. Mech. 

T. & A.M. 3 Resis. of Mat. 

T. & A.M. 63 Matls. Test. Lab. 



Total 



C. E. 28 Topographic Surveying 3 

Math. 9 Integral Calculus 3 

Phys. lb Physics Lecture 3 

Phys. 3^ Physics Laboratory 2 

C. E. Uo High\7ay Construction 2 

C, E. 95 Plain Concrete 2 

T. & A.M. 1 Analytical Mechanics 2 

Physical Education 1/2 

Military 1 

Total TSF 



TiiIRD YEAR 



17 



C. E. 37 ^. and Hy. Surveying U 

C. E. 61 Elem. Str. Design 3 

C. E, 81 Reinforced Concrete 2 

T. & A.M. U Hydraulics 2 

T. & A.M. G^ Hydraulics Lab. 1 
Geol. U3 Engineering Oeol., Foreign 

Language or App. Elective 3 
E. E. 2 Elem. Elect. Eng., Foreign 

Language, or ApprovoiElectivG }_ 

Total 18 



THIRD YlLiR 
CITY PLAiWINa OPTION 



C. E. 60 Struct. Stos. 
C. E. hi Roads and Pavement 
C. E. 53 Highway Lab. 
Hort. 37a City Planning 
A. E. 33 Arch. Drawing 
T. <i A.M. 2 Analyt. Mech. 
T. & A.ll. 3 Resistance of Materials 
Total 



C. E, 71 Water Sup. Eng. 
C. E. 82 Str. Design 
C. E. 99 Inspection Trip 
Options (see below) 
Total 



k C, S. 37 Ry. and Hy. Surveying 

2 C. E. 62 Elem. Str. Design 

1 C. E. 81 Reinforced Concrete 

2 T, ^ A.U. k Hydraulics 

3 T. & A.M. 64 Hydraulics Lab. 
3 Hort. 37b City Planning 

} ju E. 34 Arch. Design 
18 Total 

FOUiiTH YEAR 



17 or 18 



C. E. 72 Sewerage 

C. E. 85 Structural Design 

Options ( see belo'-v) 

Total 



10 or 



17 



IS or 17 



678 



C. E. 75 Masonry Const. 

C. E. 80 Contracts and Spec. 

Non-Tech. Elective 



I Oeneral Option 

3 C, E. Zk Estimates and Costs 
2 Approved Elective 
U Technical Elective 



10 



C. E. 55 Highway Design 
C. B. 57 Hydrology 
Non-2echnical Elective 



II HIGB7AY OPTION 

k C. E. 75 Masonry Construction 3 

2 C, E. gO Contracts and Specifications 2 

3 C. S. 9U Highway Administration 3 
C. B. 96 Road Materials 2 

9 



III HYDRAULIC OPTION 



10 



C. E. 75 Masonry Const. 
C. E. 80 Contracts and Spec. 
C. E. 57 Hydrology 
Approve! Elective 



C. E. SO Contracts and Spec. 

Chom. 80a Chem. of Water and Sewage 

C. E. 87 Water Purification 



3 C. E. 78 Drainage Bng. 

2 C. E. 79 Water Power Eng. 

2 Non-Technical Elective 
2 
9 

IV SANITARY OPTION 

2 0. B. 75 Masonry Construction 

5 ^C. E. 89 Sewage Treatment 



Bact. 5a Bacteriology 



10 



C. E. 80 Contracts and Spec. 
C. E. 63 Stat, Ind. Stresses 
C. E. Sh Estimates and Costs 
Approved Elective 



V STRUCTURAL OPTION 

2 C. E. 75 Masonry Constr. 

3 C. E. 6U Stat. Ind. Stresses 
2 Non-Tochnical Elective 

2 

9 

VI CITY PLi'iNNING OPTION 



10 



10 



Only students who had taken the special curriculum in the third year could elect 
this option. 



C. 3. 75 Masonry Construction 
Hort. 23a Landscape Des* 
Econ. 2 Elements of Economics 



3 C. B. 80 Contracts and Spec. 

k Hort. 23b Landscape Des. 

3 C. 3. 92 Municipal Eng. 
10 



The option in City Planning, started in I931 for the benefit of landscape 
architects and civil engineers, was dropped at the end of 1938-39» ^^ account of 
the lack of interest in the option pjad the inability of students taking it of 
finding practical employment along that line. C E. 29, Municipal Transportation, 

a required course in thnt option, was discontinued. 

T~. It was recommended that 3act. 5f>- and 5^ 'bo taken in the third year in place 

of approved olectivos. 



679 
Curriculum in Architecture, 1929-30 .-The following curriculum in Architecture is 
typical of those offered by the Department in the years before it left the College 
of Engineering in I93I and became a member of the College of Fine and Applied Arts: 

FIRST YEAR 



FiEST SBiaarsR 

Hours 
Arch. 31 - Arch, ajid Freehand Drawing k 
G. E. D. 2 - Descriptive Geometry k 

Math. la-Introd. to College Hath, or 5 
Math. 2 - Advanced Algebra and . 3 

Math. •+ or 5 - Trigonometry 2 

Ehet, 1 - Rhetoric and Thones 3 

Physical Education 1/2 

Hyg. 1-Hygicno and San. (Men) l/2 
Military Drill and Theory 1 

Eng. Lecture 

Total 18 



SECOND SEIffiSTER 

Hours 
Arch. 32 - Arch, and Freehand Dra'/dng U 
Chem.2 or 3-Inorgnnic Chemistry 3 or U 
T. & A.M. ik - Elementary Mechanics k 
Shot. 2 - Rhetoric and Themes 3 

Physical Education l/2 

Hyg. 3 - Hygiene and Sanitation(Men) 1/2 
Military Drill and Theory 1 

Eng. Lecture 



Total 



16 or 17 



SECOND YEAR 



Arch 13-Hi story of Architecture 
Arch. 23 - Freehand Drawing 
Arch. 33 - Design 
Arch. 43 - Technology of Materials 
Phys, 9ar-Lectures 
Phys. lOa-Laboratory 
T. & A.M. 15-Strength of Materials 
Physical Education 
Military Drill and Theory 
Total 



2 
2 
3 

3 

2 
2 

1 

18F 



iu-ch. ik - History of Architecture 

Arch. 2'4-Frcohand Drawing 

jkrch. 34 - Design 

Arch, hk - Technology of Materials 

Phys. 9^ - Lectures 

Phys. lOb-Laboratory 

T. & A.ll. 16 - Strength of Materials 3 

Physical Education 1/2 

Military Drill and Theory 1 

Total ^Tsi 



THIRD YEAR 



Arch. 15 - History of Architecture 2 

Arch. 25 - Freehand Drawing 2 

Arch. 35 - Desiga 5 

Arch. 45 - Graphic Statics 3 

Arch. 65 - Theory of Architecture 1 

E. E. 90 - Lighting 1 

Frenc^i or German k 

Total Tr" 



Arch. 16 - History of Architecture 
Arch. 26 - Freehand Drawing 
Arch. 36 - Design 
Arch. 46 - Graphic Statics 
Arch. 55 - Building Sanitation 
Arch. 66 - Theory of Architecture 
French or German 

Total 



2 
2 

5 
3 
1 

1 
k 



FOUHTH YEAH 



Arch. 27 - Freehand Drawing 
Arch. 37 - Design 
Arch. 6S - Specifications 
Arch. 99 - Inspection Trip 
M.E.25-Heating and Ventilation 
Non-technical Elective 
Total 



2 Arch. 18 - History of Architecture 2 
7 Arch. 28 - Freehand Drawing 2 

3 Arch. 38 - Adv,Tnced Design or Thesis 7 
Arch. 60a-Special Lectures 2 

2 iirch. 67-Theory of Form /md Color 2 

3 Non-technical Elective . _ ^ ^ 2 
.7 Total 17 



6S0 
Curriculum in Architectural Engineering, lg2g-^0 .- The following curriculum in 
Architectural Engineering is typical of those offered by the Department of 
Architecture during the last fev/ years v/hen it was a member of the College of Engin- 
eering: 

FIHST YEAR 



riRST SMEST3R 

Chem. 2 or 3-IiiorgaJiic Chemistry 
O.E.D. 1 or U-Elements of Drafting 
Math. 2 - Advanced Algebra 
Math.^^ or 5 - Trigonometry 
Shet. l-Rhetoric and Themes 
Physical Education 
Hyg. 1-Hygiene and Sanitation(mon) 
Military Drill and Theory 
Eng. Lecture 



Hours 

3 or U 

k 

3 
2 

3 

1/2 

1/2 

1 





SECOND SaiSSTBR 

Chem, 4 - Qjialative Analysis 
&.E.D.2-Descriptive Geometry 
Math. 6 - An.ilytic Geometry 
Ehet.2-Hhetoric and Themes 
Physical Education 
%g'3-%giene and Sanitation(mcn) 
Military Drill and Theory 
Eng. Lecture 



Total 



17 or 18 



Total 



Hours 
k 
k 

1/2 

1 
.0 



Arch. 13 - History of Architecture 
A. 3. 33 - Architectural Drawing 
A. B. U3 - Technology of Materials 
Math. 7 - Differential Calculus 
Phys. la-Lectures 
Phys. 3a-Laboratory 
Physical Education 
Military Drill and Theory 



SECOND YEAR 



2 

3 
2 
5 
3 

2 
1/2 

1 

"isF 



ArCh. 
A. S, 
A. E. 
Hath. 
Phys. 
Phys. 
T. & 



lU-Hi story of Architecture 
3U - Architectural Design 
W - Technology of Materials 
9 - Integral Calculus 
lb-Lectures 
3b - Laboratory 
A.Ii. 20 - Analytical Mechanic 



Physical Education 
Military Drill and Theory 
Total 



2 
3 

2 

3 
2 
2 

1 



THIRD YEAR 



Arch. 15-Hi story of Architecture 

A. S. 35 - Architectural Design 

A. S. U5 - Graphic Statics 

Language 

T. & A.M; 25 - Resistance of Materials 

Non-Technical Elective 



Arch. 16 - History of Architecture 
A. ^. 36 - Architectural Design 
A. E. U6 - Graphic Statics 
Language 

T. & A.M. 26 - Analytical Mechanics 
and Hydraulics 



FOURTH YUAR 



A.E.47-Architectural Engineering 5 

A. E.57-Fi reproof Construction 2 

A.E.gg-Inspection Trip 

E.B. - Ligiiting and Wiring 2 
M.E. 23-Mechanical Equipment of Buildings5 

Non-technical elective ^ 

Total 17 



A.E. Ug-Architectural Engineering 5 

A. E.5S-Fi reproof Construction 2 

A.E. 67 - Building Sanitation 2 

A.E. 68-EstimatC3 and Specifications U 

Technical Elective 5 

Total IT 



6S1 
Engineering Physic 9 . -Tho work in iJngineering Physics ^as modified somewhat from 
time to time, nnd the following revised curriculum became effective in 193O-3I: 

FIE3T YSAR 



FIRST SaiESTEE 



SECOND SSMEST2H 



Snme as Architectural Engineering, 1930-31 
SECOND YEAR 



German 1 or French or Approved 

Elective 
Math. 7- Differential Calculus 
Phys. la-Physics Locturo 
Phys. 3fi-Physic8 Laboratory 
Physical Sducation 
Military Drill and Theory 
Approved Elective 

Total 



German 2 or Frencli, or Approved 

h Elective U 

5 Math. 9 -Integral Calculus 3 

3 I'i.E. 87- Ilaclxine Laboratory 3 

2 Phys. lb-Physics Lecture 3 
1/2 Phys. 3b- Physics Laboratory 2 

1 T.&A.M. 21- Analytical Mechanics 2 

3 Physical llducation l/2 
Military Drill and Theory 1 

^Tsi Total "l8i~ 



THIRD YE/Jl 



E.E. 25 - Direct-Current Apparatus 

E. Ei 75 -Elect. Eng. Lab. 

Q-en. .n k or French or Approved Elect . 

Phys. lUa - Dynamics 

Phys. UUa-Elec, and Mag. Meas. 

Approved Elective 

Total 



U E. E. 26 - Alternating Currents 

2 E. E. 76 - Elec. Eng. Lab. 

h German U,5, or 6 or French, or 

3 Approved Elective 

3 Math. 9a-Diff. and Integ.Calculus 

2 Phys. l4b-Dynamics 

Phys.^Ub - Blec. and Mag. Meas. 

"IT Total 



2 

u 

2 
3 



FOURTH YEAR 



Math. 16-Adv.Calc. and Diff. Equations 3 
M.E. 13 - Thermodynamics ~ 3 

(M.E.IO or Phys. 16 may be substituted 
Phys. 126 - Physics -Colloquium 

Tech. Option with at least ^ in PhysicsU 
Total 17 



Hath. 17 
Phys. 30 

Phys. 126 - Colloquium 
Tech. Option with at least 3 J^s 
Physics 

Total 



Differential Equations 3 
Introd.to Theoretical Elec.3 

in 
10 

"ir 



TSCmaCAL OPTIONS 



Chcm. ^0-Elem.Phys.Chem.Lect. 3 

Chem. Ul-Eiem.Phys.Chem.Lab. 1 

Chom. kka. - Adv. Phys. Chem. 2 
Math. 10- Theory of Equations or Hath. 22- 

Statistics 2 

Phys. 20a - Light 2 

Pt^s. 22a - Light Laboratory 2 

Phys. 23a - Sound Lecture 3 

Phys. 33 - Sound Laboratory 1 

Phys. ^5 - Heat Radiation 3 

Phys. U6a - Adv. Elec. Meas. 2 

Phys. 97 - Thesis 3-5 

T&AM. 3 - Resistance of Materials 3 

T&AM.63 - Materials Lab. 1 

Approved Elective 3- 5 



Chcm. 42b - Elom. Phys. Chem. Lect. 
Chem. U3b - Elem. Phys. Chom, Lab. 
Chcm. 44 b - Adv. Phys. Chem. 
Matjjr 20 - Graph. ci Numer. Methods of 

Math 21 - Theory of Pyob. 
Mij. 10 - Thermodynamics 
Phys. 16 - Heat 
Phys. 20b - Light 
Phys, 22b - Light Lab, 
Phys. 25 - Arch. Acoustics 
Phys. 36 - Heat Laboratory 
Phys. 46b-Adv. Eloc. Meas. 
Phys. 78 - X-Rays 
Phys. 98 r.Thcgi 



Approved Elective 



3 
3 
3 

2 
2 
2 
1 
2 

3 



682 

Chemistry Uo must be elected at some time. 
The generous allowances mad© for free electives and for technical options in 
his ovm or allied dopartmonts, provided the student with splendid opportunity to 
specialize along lines of his ovm choosing in this particular field. 
Civil Bngineoring Courses Renumbered in I93Q-3I .- In I93O-3I the Department of Civil 
Engineering renumbered all of its graduate and undergraduate courses so that groups 
of numbers could be assigned to divisions. This change was desirable because pre- 
viously closely-related subjects were widely separated in the Register and Time 
Table, -a condition somewhat confusing to persons looking up courses within a certain 
division. In this arrangement, all numbers from 1 to I9 '.verc assigned to surveying; 
from 20 to 29, to high-T^y engineering; from 30 to 39, to materials; from Uo to U9, 
to sanitary engineering; from 50 to 59» to hydraulic engineering; from 60 to 69, 
to structural engineering; and from 90 to 99t to miscellaneous courses, such as 
Contracts and Specifications, Estimates and Costs, Thesis, and Inspection Trip. 
The numbers for Thesis and Inspection Trip, having corresponding ntunbers in other 
departments, were not changed. 

T heoretical and Applied Mechanics Courses Renumbered i n 193O-3I.- During the year 
1930-31 I the Department of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics also renumbered its 
courses xinder the following arrangement: T. & A.M. 20 and 21, three hours and two 
hours respectively, were replaced by T. cc A.K. 1 and 2, two hours and three hours 
respectively, - T. & A.M. I being devoted to statics and T. & A.M. 2 to kinematics 
ajid kfinetics"^. T. & A.M. 3 and 63 took the place of T. & A.K. 25, -T. & A.M. 3, 
thre-^- hours, being the same as the classroom work in T. & A.M. 25, and T. & A.M. 63, 
one hour, the same as the laboratory work in the old course. T.&A.M. 29 was aban- 
doned. T. & A.M. k and Sk replaced T. & A.M. 10, - T. & A.M. k, two hours, being 
the same as the classroom work given in T. & A.M. 10, and T. & A.M. 6U, one hour, 
the same as the laboratory work in it. T. & A.M. 26 was abandoned and the depart- 
ments concerned substituted T. & A.M. 2, k, and 6U, as the equivalent. 
1. The principal purpose in making this change in the ntunber of hours in these two 
courses was to relieve the work of the second semester of the sophomore year, but 
it. .had the additional advantage of making a more logical division of the subject 
matter in analytical mechanics. 



(iiuaO n^. 



683 

Currlculxun In Electrical E^ginee^ing. 1932-33 »-The following currlciilun in Slec- 
trical Engineering is typical of those offered ty the Department during the early 
1930 's: 

FIRST YEAR 



FIRST SMESTER 


Hours 


SECOND SIMESTER 




Chem. 2 or 3 - Inorganic Chemistry ; 
G.E.D.l or U-Elements of Drafting 


5 or k 


Chem. U- Qualitative Analysis 


k 


k 


G.E.D 2 - Descriptive Geometry 


k 


Math.2-Advanced Algebra 


3 


Math 6a - Analytic Geometry 


k 


Math. U or 5 - Trigonometry 


2 


Rhet. 2-Hhetoric and Themes 


3 


Rhet. l-Rhotoric and Themes 


3 


Physical Education 


1/2 


Physical Education 


1/2 


Hyg. 5 - Hygiene (men) 


1/2 


Military Drill and Theory 


1/2 


Military Drill and Theory 


1 


Engineering Lecture 





Engineering Lecture __ 





16-1 


I7i 




isi 




SECOND YEAR 




Language or Approved Elective 


k 


Language or Approved Elective 


k 


Math. 7 - Differential Calculus 


5 


Math. 9 - Integral Calculus 


3 


M. E. 85 or 87 - Pattern and Foundry 




M. S. 87 or 85-Machine or Pattern 




or Machine Laboratory 


3 


and Foundry Laboratory 


3 


Phys. la-General Physic 9 


3 


Phys. Ib-Oonoral Physics 


3 


Phys. 3a-Physic9 Laboratory 


2 


Phys. 3b-Physic3 Laboratory 


2 


Physical Education 


1/2 


T.A.M. 1-Analytical MechanicsC Stat .) 2 


Military Drill and Theory 


1 


Physical Education 


1/2 






Military Drill and Theory 


1 




i8i 


18i 




THIHB YEAR 




E. E. 25-Direct Current Apparatus 


k 


E.E.26-Altemating Currents 


k 


E.E. 75-Electrical Bng. Lab. 


2 


E.E. 76-Elcctrical Eng. Lab. 


2 


M.E.IO-Thermodynnjsics or App. Elect. 


3 


Math. 9 a- Integral Cnlculus 


2 


Phys. Ul+or-Electrical nnd Magnetic 




M.E.IO-Thermodynamics or App. Elect. 


3 


Measurement s 


3 


Phys.^4b-BlGCtrical and Magnetic 




T.A.M.2-Analyticnl Mech.( Dynamics) 


3 


Measurement s 


3 


T.A.M.U_Hydraulics 


2 


T.A.M.3-Rcsi stance of Materials 


3 


T.A.M.64-Hydraulics Laboratory 


1 

18 


T.A.M. 63-Ros. of Materials Lab. 


1 
18 




FOURTH YEAR 




E.E. 35 - A. C. Apparatus 


k 


E.E. 36 - A. C. i^paratus 


k 


E,E. 55 - Electrical Desi^ 


2 


E.E. 56 - ::Jlcctrical Design 


U 


E.E. 85 - Electrical Eng. Laboratory 


2 


E.E. 86 - Slec. Eng. Laboratory 


2 


E.E. 95 - Seminar 


1 


E.E. 96 - Seminar 


1 


E.E. 99 - Inspection Trip 





E.E. 98 - Thesis or Tech. Elective 


3 


M.E. 3 - Steam Engineering 


3 


Approved Elective 


2 


M.E. 61 - Mech. Eng. Laboratory 


2 






Non-technical Elective 


3 








T7 




IT 



ii"! 









?5>.*I£: . La 



6s4 
In addition to those scheduled in the regular curriculum, there were many 
elective. courses for "both undergraduate and graduate students that were introduced 
from time to time in order to keep pace y/ith the rapid development of the electrical 
industries. The most important of these related to power production and distrihu- 
tion and high-tension transmission; radio and telephone communication; electronics; 
and electric lighting. 

Curriculxun in Mechanical Engineering , 1932-33 - The follo\7ing curriculum in 
Mechanical Engineering is typical of those offered "by the Department during the 



early 1930's! 



FIRST YEAR 
Same as for Electrical Engineering ii 
previous section. 



Language or Approved Elective 
Math. 7 - Differential Calculus 
M.S. 85 -Pattern and foundry Lab, or 

Approved Elective 
Phys. la-General Physics 
Phys. 3a-Physics Laboratory 
Physical Education 
Military Drill and Theory 



M. E. 13-Thermodynami cs 

M.S. 31 - Mechanics of Machinery 

M.E. 87 - Machine Laboratory 

T.A.M. 2 - Analytical Mech.( dynamics) 

T.A.M. 3 - Resistance of llatorinls 

T.A.M. 63 - Resistance of Mat 'Is Lab. 



E.E. 11 - Direct Current Apparatus 

E.E. 61 - Direct Current Laboratory 

M.E. kl - M. 3. Design 

M.E. 65 - M. S. Laboratory 

M.E. 89 - Heat Treatment of Metals or 

Non-technical Elective 
Technical Option 
M.E. 99 - Inspection Trip 



SECOND YEAR 


k 


Lpxiguage or Approved Elective ^ 


5 


Math. 9 - Integral Calculus 3 




M.E.85-Pattem and Foundry Laboratory 


3 


or Approved Elective 3 


3 


Phys. Ib-G-eneral Physics 3 


2 


Phys. 3b-Physics Laboratory 2 


1/2 


T.A.M. 1-Analytical Mech.( Statics) 2 


1 


Physical Education l/2 


1:^ 


Military Drill and Theory 1 

"isi 


THIRD YEAR 


3 


M.E. 6 - Steam Engineering U 


5 


M.E. 16 - Thermodynamics 2 


3 


M. E. ho - Mechanical Eng. Design 3 


3 


M.S. 6U - Mech. Eng. Laboratory 3 


3 


M.S. 88 - Machine Laboratory 3 


1 


Non-technical Elective 2 


18 


17 


FOURTH YWiR 


3 


E.E.12-Alternating Current Apparatus 3 


1 


E.S. 62-Alternating Current Lab. 1 


1+ 


M.S. 28 - Heating and Ventilation k 


3 


M.E. 52 - Power Plant Design 3 




M.E. 89 - Heat Treatment of Metals or 


3 


Non-technical Elective 3 


3 




Technical Option 3 



17 



17 



i 



■J',s:i' 



685 

Technical Options 

M.E. T-IntexTial Combustion Engines M.E. 15-Heat Engineering 

M.E. 17 - Refrigeration M.E. 1? - Refrigeration 

M.E. 33 - Aeronautical Engineering M.E. 3^ - Aeronautical Engineering 

T.A.M. in - Advanced Mechanics T.A.M. 1+2 - Engineering Materials 

C.E. 89a - Structural Engineering T.A.M. kk - Testing Materials 

The several technical options available for election by students enrolled in 

this Department along vith the liberal eillowances for free electives, provided 

opporttmities for specialized training along a number of lines, such as heating, 

ventilating and air-conditioning; refrigeration; aeronautics; power-plant design 

and operation; or other phase of industrial enterprise in the field of mechanical 

engineering. The internal-combustion engine was a subject of Intense interest at 

that time because ^f its possibilities in the various forms of transportation as 

well its adaptability to many types of stationary plants. 

Curriculum in Mining Engineering. 1932-33. -The following curric\aum in Mining 

Engineering was offered in 1932-33: 

FIRST YEAR 
Same as in Electrical Engineering 

SECOND 'YEAR 

Same as Mechanical Engineering except that Mining 6l and 62 are taken here in- 
stead of M.E. 85 and an approved elective. 

THIRD YEAR 

Chem. 22-Elementary Quantitative C.E. 68a - Mine Structures 2 

Analysis . 5 Geology 1+3 -Engineering Geology 3 

Geol. 20 - Mineralogy 3 M.E. 62 - Mech. Eng. Laboratory 3 

Min. 1 - Elements of Mining 3 Mln. 1+-Mining Methods 3 

T.A.M. 2-Analytical Mech. (Dynamics) 3 Min.lO-Electrical Engineering of Mines 3 

T./ M.3-ReBistance of Materials 3 T.A.M.^-Hydraulics 2 

T.A.M.63-Res. of Materials Lab. 1 T'.A.M.6I|-Hydraulics Laboratory 1 

"ir ^T 

FOURTH YEAR 

Coal Mining Option 

Chem. 73a-Metallurgy 3 Min.l5-Mine Ventilation 2 

Min. 6-Mechanlcal Engineering of ^ Min.20-Mine Ventilation Lab. 2 

Mines ^ Min. 21-Ejcamination, Valuation, and 

Min. 8-Mine Administration 3 Reports 3 

Mln.9-Preparation of Coal and Ore 3 Min. l+2-Min6 and Metallurgical Design 2 

Min. 13-Utilization of Fuels 3 Mln. 6Jt-Coal and Ore Preparation 3 

Mln. I+l-Mlno and Metallurgical Design 3 Min. 90 -Metallurgical Reports 1 



at Bt&d aesL' 






,3M 



686 
Mln.99-Inspectlon Trip Non-technical Elective 3 

Ore Mining Option 
Same as Coal Mining Option except that Mln. 69, -Fire Assaying, 2 hrs. was 
sulDstltuted for Mln. 13, and Geol. 96-Economlc Geology was suTjEtltuted for Mln. 20. 

Metallurgical Option 
Same as Coal Mining Option except that Mln. 69-Fire Assaying, was substi- 
tuted for Min.6, and Min.l6-Non Ferrous Ore Treatment, 5 hours, and Mln. l8-Metall- 
urgical Problems, 2 hours, were suhstituted for Mln. 15, Mln. 20, and Mln. 21. 

Curriculum in Agricultural Engineering. -In 1930-31 . a cOTmittee consisting of 
Professor E. W. Lehmann of the College of Agriculture, Professor W. A. Foster of 
the Colleges of Engineering and Agriculture, and Professor V. C. Huntington of 
the College of Engineering, was appointed to consider the advlsahility of offering 
a curriculum in Agricultural Engineering; for the increased use of mechanical power 
and farm machinery in agricultural production had created the need for training 
of some men as Jspeclallsts to serve as teachers, or as research dsr design workers 
in the engineering aspects of agricultural production. After- seme deliberation on 
the matter, the committee recommended that a curriculum "be offered; and proposed 
the comhlnation and arrangement indicated In a later section, the proposal having 
teen adopted "by the University authorities. 

The scope of the ground covered hy the ciurriculum may "be visualized under four 
main headings: (l). Power and machinery, including consideration of the types 
available and applicable to farm life; the design and development of implements, 
machines, vehicles, and other equipment; and the development and use of various 
suitable materials of construction; (2), farm electrification, including the ex- 
tension of electrlceil service to the rural areas; and the development and use of 
the electrical farm machlneiry and equipment Involved in the program of more exten- 
sive utilization of electricity in agriculture; (3), farm buildings and other 
structures. Including the design, location, and arrangement of farm structures of 
all kinds; the proper lighting, heating, and ventilating of farm buildings; and 
the provisions for refrigeration equipment, water supplies, and sewage -disposal 
structures; and (k) , land roclamation and use, including irrigation, drainage, and 
soil conservation, soil erosion, flood control, land clearing, and general farm 



■,o riOcraot*^"^i '•■> •■w;,'2- 



ateohcov a\ 



687 
Improvement. 

The entire curriculum, still in effect essentially as prepared then, is funda- 
mentally an engineering program, vith moderate Bpeciallzation "beginning in the 
second year. Two options are providedj-one a pover and machinery option, and the 
other a drainage and structures option. The College of Agriculture has an assort- 
ment of tractors, gas engines, and farm machinery for student use. Lighting units 
and water systems arc provided in the home -equipment laboratory, and there are mod- 
orn fncilition for concroto conotructlon. 

The curriculvtm is administered "by the College of Soglneering, and the degrees 
are awarded upon certification "by its faculty. The cooperative featxires described 
offer the student the dual advantages of close contact with the staffs of both 
colleges and afford training in both agricultural and engineering principles, -a 
prerequisite for successful production and operation. 

First Curriculum in Agricultural Engineering . The curriculum adopted for instruc- 
tional work in Agricultural Engineering, beginning in September, 1933 was as follows: 

FIRST YEAR 
FIRST SMSSTER SECOND SEMESTER 

Same as Electrical Engineering. 
SECOND YEAR 

Math. 7 - Differential Calc 
Phye. la - Physics Lectures 
Phys. 3a - Physics Laboratory 
A.E. 2 - Power Machinery 
Botany 5 General Botany 
Ag. Set en. 
Military 
Phys. Ed. 



T.&A.M. 3 -Resistance of Ifeterials 
T.&A.M. 63 Res. of Mat'l. Lab. 
Geol. kk Agricultural Geology 
Options (see below) 



5 Math. 9 Integral Calculus 
3 T.&A.M. 1 Analytical Mech. 

2 Phys. lb - Physics Lectures 

3 Phys. 3b - Physics Laboratory 
3 A.E. 3 Gas Engines and Tractors 
Agronomy 25 Farm Crops 
t Military 

1/2 Phys. Ed. 
17^ 


3 

2 

3 

2 

3 

4 


THliU) YEAH 




3 Agron. 28 Soils 
1 Option (see below) 
3 


5 
13 


11 
18 


w 



116 j,4aol;^T- 



'•atrtfiBfcft n 



MACHHOEY AM) POVTEE OPTION 



A.E. 17 Harvesting Machinery 
M.E. 31 Mechanics of Machines 
M.E. 85 Pattern and Foundry 



C.E. 60a Bridge and Bldg. Con. 
C.E. 15 Surveying 
C.E. 20 Highway Construction 
T. & A.M. 2 Analyt. Mechanice 



Econ. 2 Elements of Economics 
F.O.&M. 1 Elements of Farm 

Operation and Man. 
F.M. 51 Special Prohlem or 

Approved Elective 
Option (see "below) 



11 



T.&A.M. 2 Analjrtlcal Mechanics 
M. E. 87 Machine Lah oratory 
M. E. J+0 Mechanical Eng. Design 
M. E. 10 Thermodynamics 
A.E. 51 Special Prohlem 



CONSTRUCTION AND DRAINAGE OPTION 

3 F.M. 12 Farm Utilities 

3 C.E. 21 Highway Construction 

2 T. & A.M. k Hydraulics 

3 T. & A.M. 6h Hydraulics Lah. 
C.E. .6la'. Structural Stresses 

C.E. 35 Plain- Concrete 

11 

FOURTH YEAR 



11 or 



).9 



3 Options 



16 or 17 



16 or 17 



MACHINERY AND POWIE OPTION 



FIRST SEMESTER 



M. E. kl - Mechanical Eng. Des. 
E.E. 11 Direct Current App. 
E.E. 61 Direct Current Lah. 
F.M. 28 Advanced Gas Eng. and 
Tractors 



SECOND SEMSTER 

1+ E.E L2 Alternating Current Apparatus 

3 E.E, 62 Alternating Current Lah. 

1 M.E. 89 Heat Treatment of Metals 

3: Group B. Elective 

3 Approved Elective 
11 



3 
1 
3 
5 
h 
IT 



C.E. 52 Irrigation 

C.E. 86 structural Design 
C.E. 50 Hydrology 
Approved Elective 



CONSTRUCTION AND DRAINAGE OPTION 

2 C.E. 51 Drainage 

h C.E. 90a Contracts and Spec. 

2 C.E. 87a Structviral Design 

2 F.M. k Farm Buildings 

E.E. 2 Elementary Elect. Eng. 

Approved Elective 

10 



3 

2 
k 
3 
3 

17 



Courses <^lven hy the Department of General Engineering Drawing. 1933"3^ -- As stated 
elsewhere, the Department of General Engineering Drawing offered courses in drawing 
and descriptive geometry from the "beginning of engineering instruction. A few 
advanced courses added later trought the total number up to the seven shown as 



689 

follows in the 1933-3l^ issue of the Annual Register, the tltlee^ of vhloli are more 
6r less. Self -expl&ftatory: 

G.E.D. 1, Elements of ]>ravlng, . ' 

2, Descriptive Geometry . 

1*-, Advanced drawing , „ . ^ o 

6, Elements of Drawing, for students in chemical E ngineering 3 

7, Architectural Projections ^ 

8, Ditto ^ ^ 
10, Pictorial Drawing :5 "* t 

In the first semester of 1937-38, a new course, G. E.D. 12, Graphical Cal- 
culations, was introduced for one hour credit. The work was given hy Professor 
J.N. Arnold, exchange instructor form Purdue for the year, with Stanley Hall and 
Stanley Pierce teaching sections during the second semester, in addition to 
Professor Arnold • The course, still given in 191^5 deals with the construction 
and use of nomographic charts; coordinate papers, including logarithmetic and semi- 
logarithmeticj various types of slide rules; and mechanical calculating devices; 
and other methods of engineering calculations. 

An additional one-hour course was offered the second semester hy Professor 
Arnold as a continuation of the first semester's work. This was G.E.D. 13, l>ut was 
not repeated. All of the seven courses given in 1933-3'*, are still heing taught in 

191^5.^ 

Metallurgical E ngineering.- Upon the recommendation of Profeseor Stoek, an 
Option m Metallurgical Engineering as a part of the Curriculum in Mining Engineering, 
was first offered in the fall of 19l6. The metallurgical option was elective in the 
senior year and consisted of courses in process metallurgy, mineral dressing, and 
metallurgical design. The courses in process metallurgy were taught in the Depart- 
ment of Chemistry hy Professor D.F. McFarland. This option in metallurgy with 
certain variations in course requirements, was continued until 193i*, vhen "because 
of the growing need for men having basic «feigineering training in this important 
field a new curriculum in Metallurgical Engineering was adopted.,- the 1933-3'+ 
number of the R egister carrying the first announcement of such a change. After 

1 A newToursrG^.Dr3, Aircraft Drafting and Lofting, 2 hours credit, was made 
availahle in Novemher, W, for students in Aeronautical Enginepring. 



jiaof'ufi: 









690 

the eetabllshment of this curriculum,, all courses In metallurgy vere taught vlth- 
in the Department. The first degree In Metallurgical Engineering was granted In 
the spring of 1935. 

Flt' st Curriculum In M et allurgi ca l Engineeri ng. -The first curriculum In Metallur- 
gical Engineering, listed In the 1933-3^ Issue of the Annual Register, as previ- 
ously stated, contained the following arrangement of courses: 

FIRST YEAR 



FIRST SMESTEH 

Hours 
Chem.2 or 3 -Organic Chemistry 3 or I; 
G.E.D. 1 or U-Elements of Draft. k 
Math.2-Advanced Algehra 3 

Math.U or 5 -Trigonometry 2 

Rhet. 1-Rhetorlc and Contposltlon 3 
Physical Education^ l/2 

Military Drill and Theory 1 

Engineering Lecture 

Total 16| or "iTf 



SBCOKD SMESTER 

Hours 

Chem. k - Metallic Elements k 

G.E.D. 2-Descrlptlve Geometry k 

Math. 6a-Analytlc Geometry k 

Rhet. 2-Rhetoric and Composition 3 

Physical Education l/2 

Hygiene 2 

Military Drill and Theory 1 

Engineering Lecture 

Total 1^ 



SECOND YEAR 



Chem.22-Quantltatlve Analysis 
Geol. 20 - Mineralogy 
Math. 8a-Differentlal Calculus 
Phys. la-General Physics 
Phys. 3a - Physics Laboratory 
Physical Education 
Military Drill and Theory 



5 
3 
3 
3 
2 
1/2 
1 



i7i 



Math. 8b - Integral Calculus 3 

Met. 2 - Principles of Metallurgy 2 

M.E. 85 -Pattern and Foundry La"b. 3 

Phys. Ih - General Physics 3 

Phys. 3"b - Physics Lahoratory 2 

T.&A.M. 1 - Analytical Mechanics 2 

Approved Elective 2 

Physical Education l/2 

Military Drill and Theory 1 

-iSf 



THIRD YEAR 



Cer. 21 - Pyrometry 

Ch.m. UO - Physical Chemistry 

Met. 3 - Assaying 

Met. k - Physical Metallurgy 

Min. 13 - Utilization of Fuels 

T. & A.M. 2 - Analytical Mechanics 

Approved Elective 



-^ 



Cer. 20 - Refractories 2 

Met. 5 - Ferrous Metallurgy 3 

Met. 6 - Metallurgical Calculations 2 
M.E.62-Mech. Engineering LalDoratory 3 
Min. 10-Electrical Engineering 3 
T.&A.M. 3-Resistance of Materials 3 

T.&A.M. 63-Roslstance of Mat'ls. Lah. 1_ 

17 



Met. 7 - Metallography 

Met. 8 - Non-ferrous Metallurgy 

Met. 9-Physical-Chemical Treatment 

Met. Ul-MetalluTglcal Design 

Met.. 99 - Ine^Gctlon Trip 

Min. 8 - Mine Administration 



F013RTH YEAR 

2 Met. 10 - Advanced Motallography k 

3 Met. 11 - Electrometallurgy 3 
3 Met. U2-Motallurglcal Design 2 
3 Mln.61^-Goal and Ore 'Preparation Lah. 3 
Min. 90. - Seminar ' 1 
3 T.&A.M. h - Hydraulics • . . . 2 



•'mSle&M 



vIY OTOCffB 



■tto S.fee^'n 



691 

Min. 9 - Coal and Ore Preparation . 2_ Approved Electl-^^e 3 

17 "IB 

AdiolnlstratlTe Option In Ceramic Englneorlnig * — In 193^*35 an adtodnietrative option 

vas offered In Ceramic Engineering for students who vere interested especially in 

the administrative phases of that field. The work dviring the first two years was 

the same as the regular curriculum, tut varied from it somewhat during the last two 

years for studonte desiring to secure training for conmerclal or administrative 

positions. The arrangement of courses was as follows: 

THIRD YEAR 

FIRST SMESTEE SECOND SEMESTER 

Hours Hours . 

Cer. 5 - Ceramic Bodies 5 Cer. 11 - Drying Clay products 3 

Cer. 7 -Structural Clay Products 3 Cer. ik - Glasses and Glazes 3 

T.&A.M. 2-Analytical Mechanics 3 T.A.M. 3 - Resistance of Materials 3 

Econ.2 - Elements of Economics 3 T.A.M. 63-Resistance of Materials Lat 1 

B.O.O.l-Ind. Organ, and Management 3 B.0.0.2-Marketing Organ. & Operation 3 

Rhet.lO-Business Letter Writing 2 Econ. 3 -Money-Credit, and Banking 3 

19 * "16 

FOURTH YEAR 

Cer. 21 - Ceramic Pyrometry 1 Cer. 20 - Refractories 2 

Cer. 22 - Kilns and Burning 3 Cer. 2k - Ceramic Et^gineering 3 

Cer. 23 - Dryer and Kiln Design^ 2 Cer. 28 - Pyrochemlcal Problems 2 

C.E.89-Structural Engineering 3 Bus.Lav 3-Law foi* Engrg. Students 3 

B.O.O. 7 - Salesmanship or 2 Econ.l+3-Personnel Administration or 3 

Ac cy. 12 -Fundamental Accounting 3 Accy.2a-Elemente of Cost Accounting 3 

B.O.O.I^ -Management in Manufacturing or 3 Econ.lO-Corporate Man. and Finance or 3 

Eng. 39-Industrlal Relations 3 B.0.0.22-Marketing Policies and Prohl. 3 

Elective 3- h Elective 2 

liT ^^ 

New Courses in Electrical Engineering . -Foia* new courses in electrical engineering 

for students in Mining and Ceramic Engineering were approved for classes in 1935-36. 

These wore E. E. k, Direct and Alternating Current Circuits and Machines, 2 hours 

credit; E. E. 6k, Direct and Alternating Current Circuits and Machine Laboratory, 

1 hour; E. E. 5, Applications of Electrical Equipment, 2 hours; and E. E. 65, 

Electrical Equipment Laboratory, 1 hour. 

Three additional covirses wore adopted in 193^-37 for students in olectrical 

engineering: E. E. 57, Electrical Siergy Measurements and System Protection, 3 



t9sX &d& ^furitltb *ef; 
pyt&Brstt'. 



ir{;':rr' j. c 



; jJlA jboa tfOOOiU ^«t' 



692 

hours; E. E, 59^ Electron Tutes, 3 hours; and E. E. 89, Electron Tube Laboratory, 
1 hour. 

These new. courses were Introduced for the purpose of giving the instruction 
to students in other departments formerly given within those departments, and of 
keeping their own students ahroast of the developments In the field of electronics 
and power production and distribution. 

Petroleum Etij^lneering. -A now option in Petroleum Engineering involving studies in 
Engineering and geology was established lnl93li'35 by Professor ¥. V, Howard of the 
Department of Geology and Geography in the College of Liberal Arts and Sciences. 
The basic work of the curriculum was much the same as that for the curriculum In 
meciianical engineering. 

Two new courses In Petroleum Production Engineering were developed by Vir. 
E. F. Larson, Associate in Mechanical Engineering, and were offered for the first 
time in 1935-36« These were: M. E. 35* Petroleum Production Englnooring, 3 hours 
credit, first semester, which Includes such topics as properties of petroleum, 
exploration methods, development, drilling, hydrology, and finishing the well; and 
M. E. 36, Petroleum Production Engineering, 3 hours credit, second semester, which 
Includes reservoir drainage, controlled flowing, gas lift, pumping, repressuring, 
water drive, natural gasoline, storage, and transportation. 

Both courses appear in the fourth year of the option and deal, as indicated 
above, with the engineering problems encountered in the petroleum and natural-gas 
producing industry. 

b. ENGINEIEING CO'DRSES 
General . - In order to offer a broader basic training for students in englneorliig 
so t..s to prepare them to deal intelligently with the social as well as the tech- 
nical aspects of the work of tholr chosen profession, a number of courses, called 
engineering courses, have been approved by the College faculty from time to time. 
These have been made available in the Announcement of Courses as approved or non- 
technical eloctives In all englnooring curricula and have been popular electlves 
for most of the departments within tho College. These are described briefly in 












^filacffl leolnodooM xi'^ 



■ja-l'i .J'iiieio 



693 
tho next fev paragraphs. 

Ena. 39. InduBtrlal Relations . -Industrial Relations, a three-hour course offered 
"both semesters with Junior standing as prerequisite, vas first given in the fall 
of 1933 as M. E. 39. Since that time It has "been called Eng. 39. The course 
gives consideration to the following subjects: History of the development of in- 
dustry; the factory system; manufacturers' organizations; lahor organizations; works 
management; wage systems;, personnel protlems; labor legislation. The course has 
heen administered "by Professor Casherg. 

Eng. 10. Birfjioerinfs Economics . -Engineering Economics, a three-hour course offered 
hoth semesters, at first with Junior standing, hut later with sophomore standing, 
as prerequisite, was first given in Fohruary, 193^- The coiorse takes up the suh- 
Jects usually considered in discussions of the elementfxry principles of economic 
theory with applications, however, to different phases of engineering practice. 
The co\u:se was given hy E. E. King until March, 19^1, and hy E, G. Young after that 
date, 

Eng. 92. Engineering Law. -Enginoering Law, a three-hour course offered hoth semes- 
ters with senior standing in engineering or architecture as prGrequielto, was first 
given in Fehruary, 193^. The course gives consideration to the following materials: 
Contracts, evidence, torts, equity, real property, corporations, agency, sales, 
negotlahlo instruments, water rights, patent rights, special assessments, contract 
letting, general conditions. The course has "boon given hy J. C. Crandall, G. W, 
Plckels, and L. L. Smith. 

Eng. 20. History of Enp;lnoerlng . -History of Engineering, ■ a two-hour course offered 
"both semesters with Junior standing as preroqulslto, hogan In the fall of 1939. 
Tht subject matter includes the following: Important elements in the growth in 
the art and science of engineering from anciont times to tho present; lives of 
some of tho men who have "been loaders in engineering; effect of engineering on' 
social conditions of various periods. Tho course has heen given hy J. 0. Draffln. 
Eng. i^-0. Transportation Dovolopmont . -Transportation Development, a two-hour course 
offered hoth semesters, with sophomore standing as prerequisite, was first offered 












j:o r,-ij:c.-:. isi.'.n- 






Llh't .on* ; 
erf* fii'B. 



j^nsjnqol 



691+ 
in the fall of 19UO. The subjects dlacussed In the couree Include the following: 
Transportation systems; history and technical development of city transit systems, 
and of rail, highvay, waterway, and air transport; organization and interrelation. 
The course has "been given hy J. C. Crandall and E. G. Young. 

Eng. 30. Secondary Civi lian Pilot .Grgund_..Coarse. -The Secondary Civilian Pilot Cxround 
Course, a three-hour course with Junior standing and enrollment in the Controlled 
Restricted Commercial Course in the Civilian Pilot Training Program, previously men- 
tioned as prerequisite, was listed in the 19'H-'^2 Register, and was given "by H. J. 
^oicx. and G. H. Dell. 
Eng. hi. Transportation P roTjl ems.- Transportation Problems, a three-hour course 



offered "both semesters, with Eng. kO or senior standing as prereciuisite, was first 
offered also in the fall of 19^0. The course gives consideration to the following 
topics: Regulation of transportation systems, technical, operating, and financial, 
"by government "bodies; government vs. private ownership and operation; technical and 
economic problems of transport systems. This course has also been administered by 

C. Crandall and E. G. Young. 

. 29, Primary Ci vilia n P ilot Ground Cpur so. -The Primary Civilian Pilot Ground 



Course, a three-hotir course with sophomore standing and enrollment in the Controllud 

Civilian 
' Private/Training Program ac prerequisite, was offered in the second semester of 

19UI-U2, by H. J. Reich and G. H. Dell. 

C. RAILWAY CURRICULA ABAKDONED 
_Gen eral . - When Professor Schmidt retired from active direction of the Department 
of Railway Engineering in 19^0, the department was abandoned, as discussed at some 
length in a previous chapter of this publication. At that time the rogiotration 
of students was not sufficient to Justify the maintenance of a separate department 
and there was little prospect of Immediate improvement. The railroads were some- 
what at a standstill and were not adding very great numbers of trained personnel 
to their technical departments. Therefore, American students wore not particularly 



695 



attracted to the industry. Furthermore, war, trade, currency, and other untovard 

conditions prevented the usual run of foreign students from coming to the Unirersity, 

Under this ccmbinatlon of circunstances, there seemed little to do Taut to disljand. 

Curriculum in Railway Civil Engineering, 193^-^0 «- The following cvirriculum in 

Railway Civil Engineering was offered when the Department was discontinued in 19^0: 

FIRST YEAR 
Same as the general program for freshmen in 19'+l-^2. 



FIRST SEMESTER 

C.E.l-Plane Surveying 
Math. 7 - Differential Calculus 
Phys. la - General Physics 
Phys. 3a-PhysicB LalDoratory 
R.E. 25 - Railway Development 
Non-technical Elective 
Physical Education 
Military Science (for men) 



C.E. 6l - Structviral Stresses 
Language or Approved Elective 
R . E. 32-Railway Construction 
T.A.M. 2-Anal. Mech. (Dynamics) 
T.A.M.S-Resistance of Materials 
T.AM.63-Res. of Mat. Lahoratory 



SECOND YEAR 



SECOND SMEBTER 



3 C.E.2-Topographic Surveying 3 

5 C.E, 35 - Plain Concrete 2 

k Math. 9 - Integral Calculus 3 

1 Phys. ITj-General Physics h 

2 Phys. Sh-Physics Laboratory 1 
2 T.A,24.1 -Analytical Mechanlcs(Statics_ 2 

1/2 Non-Technical Elective "" 2 

1 Physical Education l/2 



T^ 



THIRD YEAR 



Military Science (for Men) 



1 



k 
k 

3 
3 
3 

1 
"iT 



C.E. 3 - Ry. and Hy. Surveying 
C.E. 62-Structural Design 
C.E. 63 -Theory of Reinf . Concrete 
Language or Approved Elective 
R.E. 36-Railway Maintenance 
R.E. 51 - Seminar 



FOURTH YEAR 



C.E. '6U -Structural Design 
C.E. 90-Contracts & Specif icBtlons 
M.E.I -Steam, Air, and Gas Machinery 
R.E.31-Railway Yards and Terminals 
R.E. 35 -Railway Signaling 
R.E.99-InBpection Trip 
T.A.M. k - Hydraulics 
T.A.M. 6k - Hydraulics Lah. 



5 
2 
3 
3 
2 

2 
1 

IT 



C.E. 65 - Structural Design 
C.E.66-Ma6onry Construction 
E.E.i*- and 64-D.C. and A.C. Circuits 

and Machines, with Lah. or Approved 

Elective 
R.E. 33 - Railway Location 
R.E. 37 - Railway Design Prohleme 



"IT 



Curriculum in Railway Electrical Engineering, 1939-^0 — The following curriculum in 
Railway Electrical Engineering was lieing offered when the Department was discon- 
tinued in 19'<-0: 

FIRST YEAR 
Sam© as general program for freshmen in 19^1-^2. 



•rcnea -.irf: 



ppTTRWTft 



"OVWlP. ,x-'. 






SECOND YEAR 



696 



FIBST SMESTIR 

Language or Approved Elective I|- 

Math. 7-Dlfferentlal Calculus 5 

Fhys. la-General Physics k 

Phys. 3a-Physlcs Laboratory 1 

R.E. 25-Rall-way Development 2 

Physical Education l/2 

Military Science (for men) 1 



SECOND SEMESTER 

Language or Approved Elective 
Math. 9 - Integral Calculus 
M.E. 85 -Pattern and Foundry Lah. 
Physics Ih-General Physics 
Physics 3h-Physlc8 Laboratory 
T.A.M. 1-Analytlcal Mech. (Statics) 
Physical Education 
Military Science (for men) 



THIRD YEAR 



E.E. 25 -Introduction to 

Circuit Analysis h 

E.E.T5-ELectrlcal Eng. Lab. 2 

M. E. 87-Machlne Tool Laboratory 3 
Phys. 4Ua-Eloctr leal aixL Magnetic 

Measurements 3 

R.E.59-Slectrlc Railway Principles 2 

T. A.M. 2-Analyt leal Mech. (Dynamics) '^ 



k 
3 
3 
h 
1 
2 
1/2 

1 

1^ 



E. E. 26-Direct Current Apparatus 3 

E, E. 76-Electrlcal Eng. Laboratory 3 

M.E.IO-Thermodynamlcs 3 

R.E.6o-Electrlc Railway Principles 2 

T.A.M, 3-Roslstance of Materials 3 

T.A.M.63-Resi8tance of Mat .Laboratory 1 

Approved Elective 3 

"i5 



FOURTH YEAR 



E. E. 35 -A. C . Apparatus 
E.E.85-Electrical Eng. Laboratory 
M.E. 3 -Steam Engineering 
M.E.6l-Mech. Engineering Lab. 
R.E.35-Railway Signaling 
R.E,62-ELectric Railway Lab. 
R.E.6l^-Electrlc Railway Practice 
R.E.99-InBpectlon Trip 



k 
2 
3 
2 
2 
2 
3 


IT 



C-. Er90«GontractB . and Specif loations 

E. E. 36-A,C .Apparatus 

E. E. 86-Electrlcal Eng. Laboratory 

R.E.6t"- Seminar 

R.E.70-BlQctrlc Railway Design - . 

R.E.il^-ElectrlC Railway^ Economics- 

Non-technical Elective 



17 



Curriculum in Railway Mechanical Engineering. 1939-^0 . -The following curriculum 
in Railway Mechanical Engineering was being given when the Department was discon- 
tinued in 19^0. 

FIRST YEAR 
Same as common program for freshman in 19^11-^2. 

SECOND YEAR 
Same as Railway Electrical Engineering 



THIRD YEAR 



FIRST SEMESTER 

M.E. 13 -Thermodynamics 
M. E. 87-Machlne Tool Laboratory 
R. E. 3-Locomotlves 
T.A.M.2-Analytical Mech. (Dynamics) 



SECOND SEMESTER 



3 M.E. 6-Power Plant Equipment 

3 MlfE. • li|--ThGrmodynQmlc8 

2 M.E.UO-Mech. Engineering Design 

3 M. E. 64 -Me oh . Engineering Laboratory 



^jc-r 



^■■.'m-ii^^B 



M TywXJ:eH 



■»- r,4^>2i' «J n/JCT '©0*2(1 «ofl»aoo 



697 

T.A.M. 3-ReBistance of Materials 3 M.E. 88 -Machine Tool La^boratory 3 
T.A.M. 63-Bee. of Materials Lat. 1 R.E.1+ -Locomotives 3 

Approved Elective 3 , 

"l8~" 19 

FOURTH YEAR 

E.E. 11-D.C. and A.C. Circuits 3 C.E. 90-Contracts and Specifications 2 

E.E. 61-D.C. and A.C. Laboratory 1 E.E. 12-D.C. and A.C, Apparatus 3 

M.E. 89-Heat Treatment of Metals 3 E.E. 62-D.C. and A.C. Lal)oratory 1 

R.E. 2 -Locomotive Design 3 R.E. 7 -Locomotive and Car Design 3 

R.E. 5 -Railway Laboratory 3 R.E. 8- Bailvay Laboratory 2 

E.E. 9 -Seminar 1 E.E. 6l-Electrlc Traction 3 

E.E. 99-Inspectlon Trip Non-technical Elective 3 

Non-technical Elective 3 



17 17 

d. ENGINEERING COLLEGE COURSES AND CURRICULA IN 19^1 -1|2 
General.- The ten curricula given hy the College of Engineering in 19i<-l-^2, are 
outlined in the next several pages, and represent a conservative "balance or com- 
promise in subjects and materials "betveen \rtiat the available time allowances permit 
and what the demands of Industry exact. The burden of differentiating between what 
to include in the curriculum and what to omit has grown more Imposing with the years, 
for the requirements made on the profession have become more compelling as conditions 
in society have became more complex and involved. The one subject about which there 
has been little doubt, however, of the Inrportance of its place in the curriculum, is 
mathematics. It is recognized to be even more requisite now than it was in the 
earlier days in building the Instructional program, for more and more are the 
classroom materials for both elementray ajid advanced courses based upon the prin- 
ciples of mathematics,- in many cases especially In the advanced courses, the 
applications being somewhat complicated and ccmipounded. 

Common Program for Freshmen.- Practically all freshmen in the College of Engineering 
take a cdnmon foundational course of study, which is devoted primarily to such 
subjects as chemistry, drawing, mathematics, and rhetoric. The main reason for this 
arrangement is that it enables the student to make a more intelligent choice of an 
instructional program after he has had some college training and has learned some- 
thing of his own aptitudes for the different lines or work and has had an opportunity 
to meet other students who are enrolled in the several curricula and to learn from 



them and the faculty and his ovn olsservatlons vhat each field represents in pro- 
fessional service. Unless otherwise specified, the following arrangement of sub- 
jects was preseribed for all curricula given "by the College during 19^1-l(-2. This 
particular schedule is chosen as representative of recent years, for those coming 
later were made somewhat Irregular to acconxnodate programs designed for war-time 
conditions. 

PIEST SEMESTER HOUEIS SECOHD SMESTER HOURS 

Chem. 2 or 3 — Inorganic Chemistry 3 or i^ Chem. h —Metallic Elements k 

G.E.D. 1 or Jf - Elements of Drawing h G.E.D. 2 -Descriptive Geometry h 

Math. 2 " Advanced Algebra 3 Math. 6a Analytic Geometry h 

Math. U or 5 Trigonometry 2 Rhet. 2 Rhetoric and Composition 3 

Rhet. 1 Rhetoric and Compos. 3 Hygiene 2 

Physical Education f Physical Education | 

Military Science (for Men) 1 Military Science (for Men) 1 

Engineerii^g Lectxire Engineering lecture 

Total l6|"or~17i 1^1 

Afylcultural Engineering.- The curriculum In Agricultural Qigineerlng with an 

option In machinery and power, and another option in construction and drainage, 
includes fundamental courses In the College of Engineering and in the College of 

Agriculture in the attempt to apply the principles of Engineering to the solution 

of problems in agriculture. The curriculum taken from the 19^1-^2 Annual Register 

showed the following arrangement of courses: 

CURRICULUM IK AGRICULTURAL EKGINEJRIWG 

For the Degree of Bachelor of Science In Agricultural Engineering 

FIRST YEAR 

Common program for Freshmen (See above), except that Chem. 5 is substituted for 
Chem. k. 

SECOND YEAR 

FIRST SEMESTER HOURS SECOND SIMESTER HOURS 

Agr. E. 2 Field and Power-Driven Agr.E. 3 Gas Ehglnes and Tractors 3 

Machinery 3 

Bot. 5 Botany 3 Agronomy 25 Farm Crops k 

Math. T Differential Calculus 5 Math. 9 Integral Calculus 3 

Phys. la General Physics h Phys. lb General Physics h 

Phye. 3a Physics Laboratory 1 Phys. 3b Physics Taboratory 1 

Physical Education | T.A.M. 1 Analyt. Moch. (Statics ) 2 

Military Science (for Men) 1 Physical Education - ^ 

Military Science (for M^n) 1 . 

Total - "TtF 18| 









^oj^cwKfl ^ntwLLct ctdi Jbeivx 



1 xtocrio': 



.'SsfoL-"^ 



699 



THIRD YEAR 



MACHINERY AND POWH? OPTION 



Econ. 2 ELemente of Economics 3 

Geol. kh Agplcultiiral Geology 3 

M. E. 31 Mechanics of Machinery 5 
T.A.M. 2 Analyt. Mech. (Dynamics) 3 

T.A.M. 3 Resistance of Materials 3 

T.A.M. 63 Res. of Materials Lat. 1 

Total IF 



Agr. Econ. 20 Farm Management 3 

AgroncMny 28 Soils 5 

M.E. 10 Thermodynamics 3 

M.E. 1*0 Mech. Bng. Design 3 

M.E. 85 Pattern and Foundry Lat. 3 



Total 



17 



CONSTRUCTION AND DRAINAGE OPTION 



C.E. 15 General Surveying 3 Agr. Econ. 

C.E. 35 Plain Concrete 2 Agr. E. 

Econ. 2 Elements of Economics 3 Agronomy 

Geol. kh Agricultural Geology 3 C.E. 

T.A.M. 2 Analyt. Mech. (Dynamics) 3 T.A.M. 

T.A.M. 3 Resistance of Materials 3 T.A.M. 

T.A.M. 63 Res. of Materials Lab. 1 

Total 18 



20 Farm Management 3 
12 Farm Utilities 3 
28 Soils 5 

61 Structural StressesU^ 
h Hydraulics 2 
6k HydTHulics Labv . 1 



Total 



IF 



FOURTH YEAR 



MACHINERY AND POWER OPTIONS 



Agr. E, i*3 Farm Power 3 

Agr. E. 99 Inspection Trip 

E.E. 11 D.C. and A.C. Circuits 3 

E.E. 61 D.C. and A.C. Laboratory 1 

M.E. kl Mech. Eng. Design k 

M.E. 87 Machine Tool tab. 3 
Approved Elective 



Total 



Agr. E. kk Design of Agricultural 3 

Machinery 

Agr. E. 51 Special Problems 3 

E.E. 12 D.C. and A.C. Apparatus 3 

E.E. 62 D.C. £ind A.C. Laboratory 1 

M.E. 89 Heat Treatment of Metals 3 

Approved Elective k__ 

Total 17 



CONSTRUCTION AND DRAINAGE OPTION 



Agr. E. k2 Hydraulics of Soil and 

Water Conservation 3 

Agr. E. 1+5 Advanced Farm Struct . 3 
Agr. E. 99 Inspection Trip 
C.E. 50 Hydrology; 2 

C.E. 86 Steel, Concrete, And Timber 

Design k 

E.E. k D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines 2 

E.E. 6k D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines Laboratory 1 

Approved Elective 2 

Total 17 



Agr. E. 51 Special Problems 3 
C.E. 51 Drainage and Flood Control 3 
C. E. 87 Steol, Concrete, and Timber 
Design li- 

C.E. 90 Contracts and Specifications 2 
Approved Elective k 



Total 



IF 



Ceramic Engineering.- The curriciilum In Ceramic Engineering uses the common pro- 
gram for freshmen except for a fov modifications In chemistry and mathematics. To 
the basic principles underlying all engineering science that are included In the 






^qti 



^JASY OTTHT 



:oi7c,u;i 



Lii an til- 



700 

first tvo years' work in this curriculum, are added the elements of technology In- 
volved in the production of structural-clay products, glasses, glazes, and vitreous 

enamels. An administrative option is provided for students interested in the 

commercial or administrative phases of the ceramic Industries. The currlculvim as 

offered in 19^1-^+2 appears "below. 

CUERICULUM IK CMAMIC ENGINEERING 

For the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Ceramic Engineering 

FIRST YEAR 

Common Program for Freshmen except that Chem. 6 and Math. 10a -10b are suhstituted 
for Chem. k and Math. 2, k, 6a. 

SECOND YEAR 



FIRST SMISTIR HOURS 

Cer. E. 1 Ceramic Materials 3 

Chem. 10 Qualitative Analysis 5 

Math. 8a Differential Calculus 3 

Ph;>^a. la General Physics k 

Pl^s. 3a Physics latyoratory 1 

Physical Education |- 

Military Science (for Men) 1 

Total 17i 



SECOND SIMESTER 



HOURS 



Cer. E. k Ceramic Materials Lah. 3 

Chem. 2313 Quantitative Analysis h 

Math. 8b Integral Calculus 3 

Phys. Ih General Physics k 

Phys 3h Physics Laboratory 1 
T.A.M. 1 Analytical Mech. (StatiC8)2 

Physical Education ^ 

Military Science (for Men) 1 

Total "W 



THIRD YEAR 



Cer. E. 5 Ceramic Bodies 5 

Cer. E. 7 Structural Clay products 3 
Geol. k3 Engineering Geology or 

Geol. 20 General Mineralogy 3 
T.A.M. 2 Analyt. Mech. (Dynamics) 3 
T.A.M. 3 Resistance of Materials 3 
T.A.M. 63 Resistance of Materials 

Laboratory 1 

Total 18 



Cer. E. 11. Drying Clay Products 3 

Cer. E. 2I; Glasses and Glazes 3 

Cer. E. 21 ceramic Pyrometry 1 

Chem. 1^0 Physical Chemistry 3 

C.E. 15 General Surveying 3 

M.E. 62 Mech. Engineering Lab. 3 

Approved Elective 2 

Total "W 



ADMINISTRATION OPTION 



B.0.0. 1 Industrial Organization and 
Majiagement 3 

Cer. E. 5 Ceramic Bodies 5 

Cer. E. 7 Structural Clay Products 3 
Econ. 2 Elements of Economics 3 
T.A.M. 3 Resistance of Materials 3 
T.A.M. 63 Resistance of Materials 

Laboratory 1 

Total "iST 



B.O.O. 2 Marketing Organization 

and Operation 3 

Cer. E. 11 Drying Clay Products 3 

Cor. E. Ik Glasses and Glazes 3 

Econ. 3 Money, Credit, and Bajnklng 3 

Rhet, 10 Business Letter Writing 2 

Approved Elective 3 



Total 



17 



ft iauju/uiTXtfo tn- 



^tu&l&Bdi:. 



FOURTH YEAR 



701 



Cer. E. 22 KIIhb and Burning 3 
Car, E. 23 Dryer and Kiln Design 2 
Cer. E. 99 Inspection Trip 
C.E. 89 Structural Engineering 3 
E.E. h D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines 2 

E.E. 6k D. C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines Laboratory 1 

Approved Elective 3 

Technical Option 2_ 

Total 17 



Cor. E. 20 Refractories 2 

Cer. E. 2k Ceramic Eng. Design 3 

Cer. E. 28 Pyrochemlcal Problems 2 
E.E. 5 Applications of Electrical 

Equipment 2 
E.E. 65 Electrical Equipment 

Laboratory 1 

Approved Elective 3 

Technical Option 3 



Total 



IT 



admujistoation option 

Bng, 39 Industrial Belatlons 3 

Cer. E. 21 Ceramic Pyrometry 1 Cer. E. 20 Refractories 2 

Cer. E. 22 Kilns and Burning 3 Cer. E. 2k Ceramic Sjg. Design 3 

Cer. E. 23 Dryer and Kiln Design 2 Cer. E. 28 Pyrochemlcal Problems 2 

C. E. 89 Striictural Engineering 3 B.O.O. 7 Salesmanship 2 

Accy. 12 Fundamentals of Accounting; Eng. 92 Engineering Lav; 

or Econ. 70 Elements of Statistics 3 Or Bus. Lav 2 Elementary Law 

Econ. 35 Corporation Finance 3 of Business 3 

Approved Elective 2 ^ Approved Elective 2 

Total 17 Total 1? 

Ceramics.- The curriculum in Ceramics prescribes definite language requirements 

in the freshman year and some changes In courses in chemistry and mathematics from 

those found in the common freshman programs In the College of Engineering. Courses 

of chemistry follov during the next three years. In addition to prescribed courses 

pertaining to the production of glasses, glazes, and enamels, some attention is 

given to metallttrgical and mineralogy problems. The curriculum as administered 

in 19li-l-i|2 appears bolov. 

CI3ERICDLDM IK CERAMICS 

for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Ceramics 

A FIRST YEAR 



FIRST SMESTER 



HOURS 



Chem. 2 or 3 Inorganic Chemistry 

Math lOa First Year College Math. 

German or French 

Rhet. 1 Rhetoric and CoEiposition 

Physical Education 

Military Science (for Men) 

Engineering Lecture 

Total l6|^r 



2- 
3 or 
5 



2 
1 




SBDOUD SIMESTIR 
Hygiene 



HOURS 

2 
Chem. 6 Inorganic Chemistry 5 
Math. 10b First Year College Math4 
German or French k 

Rhot 2 Rhetoric and Composition 3 
Physical Education f 

Military Science (for Men) 1 
Engineering Lecture 

Total IW 



;tid'i'io«v''Xq; ciaiyacxoO ni 



702 



Cer. E. 1 - Ceramic Materials 
Chem. 10-Qualitatlve Analysis 
Math. 8a -Differential Calculus 
Phys. la - General Physics 
Phys. 3Q-Pliy8ic8 Laljoratory 
Physical Education 
Military Science (for men) 



Cer. E. 5 - Ceramic Bodies 
Cer. E.T-Structural Clay Products 
Cer. E. 21 - Ceramic Pyrometzy 
Met. 1 - Elements of MeteuLlurgy 
Geol. 20 - General Mineralogy 
Phys. l6 - Heat 



Cer. E. 22 - Kilns and Burning 
Cer. E. 97-Thesl3 
Cer. E. 99 - Inspection Trip 
E.E. U-D,C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines 
E.E.64-D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines Laboratory 
Approved Elective 
Technical Option 

Total 



SBCOM) YEAR 

3 Cer. E.l<-Ceramlc Materials Lai). 

5 Chem. 23'b-Q:uantltative Analysis 

3 Math. St -Integral Calculus 

k Phye. lb - General Physics 

1 Phys. Sh-PhysicB Laboratory 

i Physical Education 

1 Military Science (for men) 
Approved Elective 

"itT 

TEKD YEAR 

5 Cer. E. 11 -Drying Clay Products 

3 Cer. E. ll^-Glasses and Glazes 

1 Chem. 40 - Physical Chemistry 

3 Chem. kl -Physical Chemistry Lab. 

3 Geol. 6-Optical Mineralogy 

3 Approved Elective 

FOURTH YEAR 



1 

i 



Cer. E. 20- Refractories 

Cer. E. 28 - Pyrochomical Problems 

Cer. E. 98 - Thesis 

Chem. 33 - Organic Chemistry 

Technical Option 



Total 



3 
k 
3 
k 
1 

h 

1 

2 

1^ 



3 

3 
3 

1 
3 



17 



Civil Engineering . -In this civil engineering cvirrlcvilum as In all previous ones, 
the first year ie devoted primarily to the foundational subjects as mentioned in a 
previous paragraph. ^The sophomore year continues with mathematics and takes up 
physics a d mechanics along vlth surveying In proporatlon for the more advanced 
courses dealing vlth route surveying and highvay construction, the examination of 
structural materials and the analysis of structural stresses, in addition to 
studies In the operation of mechanical and electrical machinery, that come in the 
Junior year. All of this proliminnry preparation is designed to load the way to 
the more specialized and professional vork of the senior yoar in which the student 
takes up advanced subjects in sanitary engineering aiid structural analysis along 
with the courses which come within tho particular option he has chosen to follow, - 
whether It be the general, highway, hydraulic, sanitary, structural, or railway 






(nem TDt; m riot) ©ooeco^- 






iiao sjlwortlO . ' .;•• 



.-*'x ■•.:-:,:!D IlY-to etriJ- rtI-. »attreenJ;yffl IlvJO 
Itiamtrtq;^ Ao^ovofi al •tsoy. &6kt'\ &dA 
•Knaodqoo 

'■ . •' ■ : --..■.-. -..-._,Q o^WOTC rf*" -/-I/O? 

,:iffllIo«i. Bid* •. 

.-:I a JO :,o' 



703 

option, -tho work In railvay engineering having Toeon transferred to the Department 
•when the Department of Eailvay Engineering was aTjollshod in September, 3-9^0. 
The curriculum Including options as administered in 19Ul-ii2 vas as follows: 
Curriculum in Civil Engineering 
For the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Civil Engineering 
FIRST YEAR 
Common Program for Freshmen 
SBCOOT) YEAR 



FIRST SEMISTIE 

C.E, 1 - Plane Surveying 
C.E,60-Bridge and Bldg. Constr. 
Math. 7 - Differential Calculus 
Phys. la - General "Physics 
Phys. 3a - Physics Laboratory 
Physical Education 
Military Science (for men) 



SECOND SEMESTER 



Hoiu's 
3 
3 
5 
k 
1 

1 

m 



C.E. 2-Topographlc Surveying 
Geol.J^3 -Engineering Geology 
Math. 9 - Integral Calculus 
Phys. Ih -General Physics 
Phys. 3b - Physics Laboratory 

T.AJ4. 1-Analyt leal Mech. (Statics) 
Physical Education 
Military Science (for men) 



Hours 
3 



3 
3 

1^ 
1 

2 

1 

2 

1 



NOTE: Special third and fourth year currlCTila are available so that transfer 
students who have credit in all of the subjects Included in the first and second 
year curricula except C.E. 1,2,60 and T.A.M. 1 can complete the requirements for 
the bachelor's degree in two years if they present an equivalent amount of credit. 



THIRD YEAR 



C.E.30-Hlghway Materials Lab. 1 

C.E. 35 - Plane Concrete 2 

C.E. 36-Constructlon Materials 1 

C.E. 61 - Structural Stresses k 

M.E. l-Steam,Air,and Gas Machinery 3 

T.A.M. 2-Analyt. Mech. (Dynamics) 3 

T.A.M. 3 - Resistance of Materials 3 

T.A.M.63-Re8l8tance of Materials Lab. 1 



Total 18 



C.E. 3 -Route Surveying 

C.E. 20 - Highway Construction 

C.E. 62-Structural Design 

C.E. 63 - Reinforced Concrete 

E.E.4--D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines 
E.- E. 64-D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines Laboratory 

or approved elective 
T.A.M. k - Hydraulics 
T.A.M. 6i^-Hydraulic Laboratory 
Total 



1 
3 
2 

1 



FIRST SEMESTER 



FOURTH YEAR 
All Options 



SECOND Sn>©TEE 



C.E. IfO - Water Supply 
C.E. 6U-Structural Design 
C.E. 99-Inepectlon Trip 



h C.E. 1^1 - Sewerage 3 

5 C.E. 65-Structural Design h 

Options (see below) 9 or 10 



10k 

Options (see "below) 9 or 10 

18 or 19 16 or 1? 

GENIRAL OPTION 

C.E. 66-Earth and Masonry Struc- C.E.90-Contracts and Specifications 2 

tures 3 Teelmical Elective 5 

Technical Elective 3 Approved Elective 3 

Non-technical elective 3 

•:HI<fflWAY OPTION 

C.E,22-Highway and hfunicipal Design h C.E,23-Highvay Administration 3 

C.E.50-Hydrology 2 C.E, 31 -Advanced Hy. Materials 2 

Non- technical Elective 3 C.E. 66-Earth and Masonry Structures 3 

C.E.90-Contracts and Specifications 2 

HYIiRAULIC OPTION 

C.E. 50 - Hydrology 2 C.E. 51 -Drainage and Flood Control 3 

C.E. 66-Earth and Masonry Structures 3 C.E. 55 - Water Power 3 
C.E. 90 - Contracts and Specifications 2 E.E.l^-D.C. and A. C. Circuits and 

Non-technical Elective 3 Machines 2 

E.E.6U-D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines Laboratory 1 

RAILWAY OPTION 

C.E. 25 -Railway Construction and C.E. 26-Economlcs of Railway Lo- 

Malntenance 3 cation and Operation 3 

C.E, 66-Earth and Masonry Structures 3 C.E. 27 -Railway Yards and Terminals 2 

Non-technical Elective 3 C.E. 90 -Contracts and Specifications 2 

Approved Elective 3 

SANITARY OPTION 

C.E. l|2-Water Purification 1+ C.E.43 -Public Health Engineering k 

C.E.90-Contracts and Specifications 2 C.E. 66-Earth and Masonry Structures 3 
Bact.5a-Bacterlology 3 E.E.1+-D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines 2 
E.E.61t-D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines Laboratory 1 

STRUCTURAL OPTION 

C.E. 67 -Statically Indet . Structures 3 C.E. 66-Earth and Masonry Structures 3 

C.E.90-ContractB and Specifications 2 C.E.68-Statically Indeterminate 

C.E. 91 - Estimates and Costs 2 Structures 3 

Non-technical Elective 3 Approved Elective 3 

Option in Aeronautical Enffineering .- In September, 19^2, a new senior option in 

Civil Engineering was listed offerifig courses pertaining to the civil engineering 

phases of aeronautics, such as aerodynamics, the structural design of airplanes, 

airport design, and aerial navigation. The option is "built on a strong "basic 



nttiriSA xe. uBeQ l»ql 



>■'. TK'tD 



705 
training in structural analysis and design Including statically-indeterminate struc- 
tures, and includes applications to the design of airplanes and hangars. It develops 
the principles of drainage and highvay design and applies them to the drainage of air- 
fields and the construction of runways. The Department of Electrical Engineering 
cooperates in providing instruction on airport illumination. The arrangement of 

courses in this option is as follows: 

C.E. 10-Navigation 3 C.E. 2l|-Airport Design 2 

C.E. 67-Statically Indet. C.E. 66-Earth and Masonry Structures 3 

Structures 3 C.E.TO-Alrplane Structures 3 

M.E. 33-Aeronautical Engineering 3 C.E.90-Contracts and Specifications 2 

PuT}l:i c -Health Engineering Curriculum In Civil Engine ering.- Beginning in September 
19i^2, a five-year currlculvim in Puhllc -Health Engineering dealing with those phases 
of engineering that are distinctly related to public health, was added, at the urgent 
request of the State Department of Public Health, to the regular curriculum and op- 
tions already offered In civil engineering In order to provide more comprohonslve 
training for positions with federal, state, or municipal governments. The otudloo 
of the first three yoars are the same as those required of all studonts in the Depart- 
ment of Civil Engineering. Tho fourth year becomes the Sanitary Englnoorlng option, 
replacing the one previously announced. Tho fifth year roprosonts additional work in 
tho field of public-health engineering. During tho first somostor of tho fifth year 
of study, tho instruction is given on tho compus in Urbana and consisto mainly of bio- 
logical and chemical scioncos, with ono course in public-health ongincoring, and sev- 
eral oloctiVGS from which tho student may chooso. The latter portion of the fifth 

year of work is given mainly through oota?BOB in Chicago, ndmini stored by tho Dopartmont 

of 
Bacteriology and Public Health of tho College of Modiclno, of the University of 

Illinois. In addition, practical experience is gained through part-time work in 

public-health engineering problems in the field. • The degree of Bachelor of Science 

in Public -Health Engineering will bo given upon the completion of tho fifth yoav of 

work. 

This arrangement oorvos to synchronize more clocoly tho educational work in 

sanitary engineering hero and tho stato-wlde program carried on by tho Department of 

Public Health at Springfield. 



in&n. !«•-* W-; 



JO'H otXtftl? 1-0 :.iincn::: . 



tio!3 ^u-xi' ^o-ii&lcod-oil 



'Siroirf* \.i 



r?fo««r sni*; 



706 

Fourth and Fifth Years of the Optional Curriculum in Pu"blic- 
Health Engineering, -the Fourth year "being the regular Sanitary- 
Engineering Option in Civil Engineering. 

FOURTH YEAR 

FIRST SEMESTER SECOND SEMESTER 

C.E. 40-Water Supply Engineering k C.E. 1^1 - Sewerage 3 

C.E. 6U-Structural Design » 5 C.E. 1»-U -Water and Sevage Treatment 3 

C.E. 99-InBpectlon Trip C.E. 65-Stnactural Design h 

Bact. 5a-Bacterlology 3 C.E. 66-Earth and Masonry Structures 3 

Chem. 22-Quantitative Analysis 5 Chem. 33 - Organic Chemistry 5 

Total 17 Total I8 

FIFTH YEAR 

FIRST SMESTER SECOND SEMESTER 

Chem. 86a -Chemistry of Water Treatment 3 P.H. 1-Bact.and Protozoology 6 

C.E.i;5— Puhllc Health Engineering 3 P.H. ^-Preventive Medicine 2 

Zool.51-Essentials of Zoology k C.E.lUO-Puh^.ic Health Engineering 3 

Chem. hj - Physical Chemistry h P.H.12-Industrlal Hygiene 1 

Approved Elective 5 P.H. 50 - Puhllc Health 1 

Dairy Hush- 10-Dalry Bacteriology P.H.73-Pu"blic Health 2 

Entomology 2-Insects Pharmacology 32-Toxlcology, or 

Math. 22-Statlstical Analysis elective ^ 3 

M.E. 25-Heating and Ventilation ' * 

Total 19 Total 18 

SyinpoBlum on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering . -A Symposium on Soil Mechan- 
ics and Foundation Engineering, given under the auspices of the Department of 
Civil Engineering, beginning on Septem'ber'29, 19^2, vas held througout the entire 
school year of 19^2-1^3. The work consisted of a series of locturao given in Room 
205 Engineering Hall. The schedule Included ten lectures on Soil Mechanics by 
Dr. Ralph B. Peck, Assistant Engineer in charge of the Soils Laboratory of the 
Chicago Subway, and twelve by Albert E. Cummlngs, Locturor In Foundation Engineer- 
ing of the Department of Civil Engineering, tftilverslty of Illinois. Other lecturers 
Included other members of the staff in the Department of Civil Engineering and one 
or two members of the staff of the Illinpis Geological Survey. The work was avail- 
able for University credit to seniors and graduate students in Civil Engineering. 
Electrical Engineering . -The courses in the first two years of the curriculum in 
Electrical Engineering, and which, in the main, are common to most of the ciirricula 
in engineering, deal with the elementary, yet fundamental principles underlying the;. 



707 
field of engineering science. They provide for Instructional vork in the prin- 
ciples of mathematicB, physics, eind chemistry, and for practice problems in the 
drafting room and shop. The only specialized course in the two years is one 
coming in the second year and deals vith industrial vlring and illumination. 

Courses in the last tvo years consider such phases of applied electricity 
as the generation, transmission, and dlstrlhution of electric power, and such 
additional subjects as electronics, radio, telephone, and other forms of communi- 
cation, illumination, high-frequency clrsuits, and electric-railway transportation. 
The curriculum as administered in 19^1-U2 appears "below. 

CURRICULUM IN ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 
For the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering 
FIRST YEAR 
Common Program for Freshmen (p«ge 2^), ■ 
SECOND YEAR 
FIRST SEMESTER SECOND 



E.E.lU-Viring and Illumination or E.E.ll+-Wlring and Illviminatlon or 

Approved Elective 3 or if Approved Elective '3 or U 

Math. 7-Differentlal Calculus 5 Math.9-Integral Calculus 3 
M.E,85 or 87-Pattern and Foundry or M.E.87 or 85-Machlne Tool or Pattern 
Machine Tool Laboratory or Approved and Foundry Laboratory; or 

Elective 3 Approved Elective 3 

Phys. la - General Physics k Phys. Ib-Gcnerol Physics k 

Phys. 3a-Physlcs Laboratory i Phys. 3b-Physlcs Laboratory 1 

Physical Education ^ T.A.M.l-Analytical Mech. (Statics) 2 . 

Military Science (for men) 1 Physical Education 2 

Military Science (for men) 1 

Total 17t or l8| Total 17i or 18| 

THIED YEAR 

E.E. 25 -Introduction to Circuit E.E.26-Direct Current Apparatus 3 

Analysis k E,E.76-Electrlcal Engineering Lab. 3 
E.E. 75 -Electrical Engineering Lab. 2 E.E.50-Introductlon to Applied 

Math. 9a-Integral Calculus 2 Electronics 2 
M.E.IO-Thermodynomlcs; or M.E. 10 -Thermodynamics; or Phys.ifi^a- 

Phys.44a-ELectrical and Magnetic Electrical and Magnetic Measurements 3. 

Measurements 3 T.A.M. 3-Peslstance of Materials 3 

T. A. M.2-Analyt. Mech. (Dynamics) 3 T.A.M. 63-Res. of Materials Lab. 1 

T.A.M.^-Hydraulics 2 Approved Elective 3 

T.A.M. 6U -Hydraulics Laboratory 1_ 

Total 17 Total 18 



v.^'X? XlOffiSKtO 






708 



FOURTH YEAR 



E.E. 35 A.C. Apparatus k E.E. 36 A.C. Apparatus h 

E.E. 55 Electrical Design .2 E.E. 56 Economics of Electrical 

E.E. ^ Electrical Engineering | 2 Systems 4 

E.E. 95 Seminar ^''^^- ^ 1 E.E. 86 Electrical Engineering La"b.2 

E.E. 99 Inspection Trip E.E. 96 Seminar 1 

M.E. 3 Power Plant Engineering 3 E.E. 98 Thesis or Technical 

M.E. 61 Mech. Engineering Lah. 2 Elective 3 

Non-technical Elective 3 or h Approved Elective 3 or k 

Total IT or 18 1? or 18 

General Ehgineering.- The cu$rrlculum in General Engineering is prep.'ared for 

those students vho do not wish to undertake the more specialized engineering 

ciurricula, "but who are anxious to secure a sound education in engineering 

principles and their application to scientific management and operation of 
enterpricco. The curriculvm is a combinction of engineering and "buelnons 
business/ courses, "balaxiced to give training for positions that tend xo lead 

toward administrative careers. The curriculum as given in 19*^1-^^2 was arranged 

as follows: 

CURRICULUM IN GENERAL ENGINEERING 
For the Degree of Bachelor of Science in General Engineering 
(Common program -for all -freshmen) 



FIRST SMESTER 



SECOND YEAR 



SECOND SEMESTER 



Econ.2-Principles of Economics 
Math. 7-Differentlal CalcTilus 
M.E. 85 -Pattern and Foundry Lat. 

C.E. 15 -General Surveying 
Phys. la -General Physics 
Phys.3a-Phy8ics Lahoratory 
Physical Education 
Military Science (for men) 

Total 



3 
5 

3 
k 

1 
1 
2 

1 

"iri 



Geol. 14-3 -Engineering Geology 3 

Math. 9-Integral Calculus 3 

C.E. 15 -General Surveying; orM.E. 85- 

Pattorn and Foundry LaTs 3 

Phys. Ih -General Physics h 

Phys. 3"b -Physics Laboratory 1 
T.A.M. 1-Analytical Mech. (statics) 2 

Physical Education i 

Military Science (for men) 1_ 

Total ~17i 



THIRD YEAR 



Econ . 35-Corporatlons 
E.E.ll-D.C. and A.C. Circuits 
E.E.61-D.C. and A.C. Laboratory 
M. E. 87 -Machine Tool Laboratory 
T. A.M. 2-Analyt. Mech. (Dynamics) 
T.A.M.3-Resistaiice of Materials 
T.A.M. 63 -Res. of Materials Lcb. 
Total 



C.E. 61 -Structural Stresses k 

E.E.12-D.C. and A.C. Apparatus 3 

E.E.62-D.C. and A.C. Laboratory 1 

M.E.IO-Thormodynamlcs 3 

T.A.M, l^-Hj'-draulics 2 

T.A.M, 6^ -Hydraulics Laboratory 1 

Approved Elective h 

Total 18 



Ll-X^i-JC ^1^ _• 



.j,..;,i J'i^VOJ 



709 

FOURTH YEAR 

C.E.86-Structural Deeign ,k Eng. 92 -Engineering Law 3 

C.E. 99-Inspection Trip C.E. 8? - Structural Design k 

Econ. Ul -Labor Problems; or Eng. 39- Econ. 3 -Money, Credit, Banking 3 

Industrial Relations 3 M.E, 61*- -Mechanical Engineering Lab. 3 

M,E.3--Power Plant Engineering 3 Approved Elective 5 

Met. 1-Elements of Metallurgy 3 

AiDproved Elective 5 

Total "l8 Total "15" 

Mechanical Engineer ing ■ -The curriculum in mechanical engineering presents an organ- 
ized study of the theory and practice of the generation and transmission of power, 
and of the design, construction, operation, and testing of machinery of all kinds. 
Through a wide choice of electives, there is opportunity for an introduction to 
such subjects as economics, industrial organization, and business management. 
Technical options in the senior year enable the student to follow his interests in 
one of several fields, such as heat engineering, industrial administration, aero- 
nautical engineering, refrigeration engineering, and heating, ventilating, and air- 
cone" it lonlng. There are curricixlar options also In petroleum-production engineer- 
ing and in railway mechanical engineering, -the option in railway mechanical engin- 
eering having been added in September, 19^0, when the Department of Railway Engin- 
eering was abolished. The curriculum in Mechanical Engineering in 1941-U2 was as 

follows : 

CURRICULUM IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 
For the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering 

FIRST YEAR 
Common Program for Freshmen 

SECOND YEAR 

FIRST SMESTER SECOND SMESTER 

Approved Elective 3 Approved Elective h 

Math.T-Differential Calculus 5 Math. 9 -Integral Calculus 3 

M.E. 85 -Pattern and Foundry Lab.; or M.E. 87 -Machine Tool Lab.; orM.E. 85-- 

M.E. 87 -Machine Tool Lab. 3 Pattern and Foundry Lab. 3 

Phys. la -General Physics k Phys. lb-General Physics k 

Phys. 3a-Physlcs Laboratory 1 Phys. 3b -Physics Laboratory 1 

Physical Education | T. A. M. 1-Analytical Mech. (Statics) 2 

Military Science (for men) 1 Physical Education 2 

Military Science (for men) 1 

Total 17| Total 18| 



iini' 



fiwltfoitt 






r7':""JTM-in 



710 



THIRD YEAR 



M. E. 13 rThermodynaiaicfl 
M.E.Sl-Mechanlce of Machinery 
T.A.M.2-Analyt. Mech.(PynainlcB) 
T.A.M.3-Resl8tanc0 of Materials 
T.A.M63-ReBiBtance of Materials Lab. 
Non-technical Elective 

Total 



-if 



M.E.6-Power Plant Equipment k 

M.E.lU -Thermodynamic 8 3 

M.E.40-Mech. Engineering Design 3 

M.E.61^-Mech. Engineering Lat. 3 

M.E.88-Machln0 Tool Laboratory 3 

Non-technical Elective 2- 

Total ~l5" 



FOURTH YEAR 



E.E.ll-D.C. and A.C. Circuits 
E.E.61-D.C. and A.C. Laboratory 
M. E. i^l-Mech. Eng. Design 
M.E.65-Mech. Engineering Lab. 
M.E.89-Heat Treatment of Metals; 

Non-technical Elective 
Technical Option (See psge ik^) 
M.E.99-Inspectlon Trip 
Total 



3 E.E.12-D.C. and A.C. Apparatus 3 

1 E.E.62-D.C. and A.C. Laboratory 1 
k M.E.28-Heating, Ventilating, and Air 

3 Conditioning k 

M.E,^2-Pover Plant Design 3 
3 M.E. .89-Heat Treatment of Metals; 

3 or Non-technical Elective 3 

0_ Technical 0ption(8©e p«ge Xk6t) 2_ 

17 Total 17 



OPTIONS FOR THE CURRICULUM IN MECHANICAL MGINEERING 
Note: Curriculum options are groups of related coia-ses vhich can be logically 
t«ken together and thus emphasize certain subdivisions, or fields, of mechanical 
engineering. 

PETROLEUM PRODUCTION ENGINEERING 
Substitute in Mechanical Baglneering Curriculum as follovs: 



FIRST SEMESTER 
Geol. 1^3 for Approved Electivor 



SECOND YEAR 

SECOND SIMESTER 

3 Geol. 2a for Approved Elective 

THIRD YEAR 



C.E. 15 for Non-technical Elective 



M.E.35,T.A.M. k and 61+, end Geol. 6la 
for M.E. 1+1 and Technical Option 



3 Non-technical Elective 

FOURTH YEAR 

M.E. 36, Geol. 60b, and Geol. 6lb for 
9 M.E. 28 and 52 and Technical 
option 



RAILWAY MECHANICAL MGIHEERING 
Substitute in Mechanical Engineering Curriculum as follows: 

FOURTH YEAR 



M.E. 5 for Technical Option 



FIRST SMBSTER 

M.E. 5 - Locomotives 

M.E. 7-Int. Combustion Engines 



3 M.E. 8 for Technical Option 
M.E. 5^ for M.E. 52 

TECHNICAL OPTIONS 

FOURTH YEAR 

SECOND SMESTER 

3 M.E. 7-Int. Combustion Engines 
3 M.E. 8-Rallway Operation 



irur^s 



:^G ; ( I«dixuIoei^.-aoW rs;.- 



711 

M.E. 17 -Refrigeration Engineering 3 M.E.I5sEnglneering Thermodynamics 3 

M.E. 33 -Aeronautical Engineering 3 M.E. 17 -Refrigeration Engineering 3 

M.E. 35 -Petroleum Production Eng. 3 M.E. 3'+-Aeronautlcal Engineering 3 

M.E.8U -Welding Engineering 3 M.E. 5I1 -Locomotive and Car Design 3 

T.A.M. k and 61^ -Hydraulics 3 M.E. 36-Petr oleum Production Eng. 3 

T.A.M. 1+1-Advanced Mechanics 3 M.E.81|-Weldlng Engineering 3 

T.A.M. 1|3 -Hydraulic 8 La'boratory 3 T.A.M. I*- and 61^ - Hydraulics 3 

T.A.M. l^ll-Testing Materials 3 T.A.M. 1;2-Englneering Materials 3 

T.A.M. U7-Englneerlng Analysis 3 T.A.M. 1+3 -Hydraulics Lal)oratory 3 

T.A.M. U9-Advanced Dynamics and T.A.M. I«-il-Testing Materials 3 

Vibrations 3 T.A.M. US-Engineering Analysis 3 

C.E. 89-Structural Engineering 3 T.A.M. 50-Advanced Dynamics and 

Vitratlone 3 

Mln -' ng and Metallurgical Engineering . -The Department of Mining and Metallurgical 
ihglneerlng here offers separate curricula as a "basis for training men in the 
mining and metallurgical Industries. Until recently the curriculum In Mining 
Engineering had four options: coal mining, ore mining, mining geology, and mine 
administration. To the preliminary courses in mathematics, physics, chemistry, 
general engineering dravlng, and mechanics, common to all curricula in engineering, 
are added specialized courses In mine surveying, mining methods, prospectii^g, mine 
examinations, hoisting and haulage, mine ventilation, coal vaehing and ore dressing, 
mine administration, and the design of mining plants. 

The curriculum in Metallurgical Engineering, still in effect, is planned to 
present the fundamentals of the science of modem metallurgy, maintaining a proper 
"balance "between the tvo main divisions, -process metallurgy and physical metallurgy. 
The training is ^,int ended to prepare the student for entrance after graduation. Into 
either "branch of the industry, and to afford those vhose interests lie in advanced 
study and research, a hroad foundation for the successful prosecution of graduate 
study in metallurgy. To ouch fundcaaont.?J. cournoo an nro comon to all onginooring 
curricula, 0*0 added opcciallzod couracc in phyolccl chomiotry, principloD of metal- 
lurgy, phyoical notallurgy, forrouc and non-forrouo notallurgy, notallography, 
olactromotallursy, and metallurgical dooign. Outllnec of the tvo curricula as admin- 
istered in 191+1-42, follow: CURRICULA IN MINHfG MGINES^ING 

For the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Mining Engineering 



FIRST YEAR 

i) except tl 
and Math. 2, k, 6a. 



Common Program for Freshmen (p«ge,13^r, except that Chem. 5 and Math. lOa-lOb are 



',tm.t8ffW'- ' 981WO0 J&< 



SroOND YEAR 



FIRST SME5T1E 

Chem.22-Q,uantitatlve Analysis 
Math. 8a -Differential Calculus 
Phys. la-General Physics 
Phys. 3a-Physlcs LalDoratory 
Physical Education 
Military Science (for men) 
Approved Elective 

Total 



712 
SECOND SlMESTiE 



5 C.E. 15 -General Surveying 3 

3 Geol. i|-3 -Engineering Geology 3 

k Math. 8b-Integral Calculus 3 

1 Phys. It -General Physics k 

^ Phys. 3h-Physics Laboratory 1 

1 T.A.M. 1-Analytical Mech. (statics) 2 

3 Physical Education ^ 

Military Science (for men) 1- 

l7i Total 17t 



THIRD YEAR 



Geol . 20-Mlneralogy 

Min. l-Elements of Mining 

Mln. $2-Mine Surveying 

T.A.M. 2-Analytlcal Mechanics (Dynamics) 

Option (S«e p««e iW) 



T. & A.M. 6l4--HydrauliC6 Lab. 
3 Min. U -Mining Methods 
k T.A.M. 3-Re8istance of Materials 
3 T.A.M. 63-Res. of Materials Lab. 
3 T.A.M. k' Hydraulics 
6 Option (See ^age-iW) _3. 



19 

FOTOTH YEAR 



k 
h 
3 
1 
2 

__^ 7 

16 or 18 



or 



E.E.4-D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines 
E.E. Sk-B.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines Laboratory 
Mln. 9-Preparatlon of Coal and Ore 
Mln. in-Minlx;g Design 
Mln. 99 - Inspection Trip 
Option (S*© page iW) 



E.E.5-Appllcation8 of Electrical 

2 Eiiulpmsnt 

E.E. 65 -Electrical Equipment Lab. 
1 Min. 15 - Mine Ventilation 

3 Mln. 21-Examlnat ion, Valuation, and 
3 Reports 

Mln. U2-Minlng Design 
8 or 9 Min. 90-Semlnar 

Option (S»e page iW) 



17 or 18 

OPTIONS FOR THE CURRICULUM IN MINING ENGINEERING 
COAL MINING OPTION 



THIRD YEAR 



FIRST SEMESTER 

Accy. 12 -Fundamentals of Accounting 
Approved Elective 



SECOND SEMESTER 



3 M.E. 62-Mach. Eng. 
3 Approved Elective 



Laboratory 



2 

1 
2 

3 
2 

1 

6-8 

17-19 



FOURTH YEAR 



Met. 1-Elements of Metallurgy 
Mln. 6-Mech. Ejig. of Mines 
Min. 8-Mlne Administration 



Accy. 12-Fundamentals of Accounting 
Approved Elective 

Met. 1 - Elements of Metallurgy 
Met. 3 - Fire Assaying 
Min. 8-Mlne Administration 



Geol. 2a-Hlstorlcal Geology 



3 Met. 13 -Utilization of Fuels 
3 Mln. 20-Mlne Ventilation Lab. 
3 . Min. 6U-Coal and Ore Prep. Lab. 

ORE MINING OPTION 

THIRD YEAR 
•3 M.E.62-Mech. Eng. Laboratory 
, 3 Approved Elective 

FOURTH YEAR 

3 Geol. 96-Economics Geology 

2 Mln. 6-Mech. Eng. of Mines 

3 Min. 6i^-Coal and Ore Prep. Lab. 

MINING GEOLOGY OPTION 
THIRD YEAR 

k Geol. U9-Mlcroscoplc Mineralogy 



fyxO 



RO^ 3K0IT^/ 



•f.T TWOO;.., 



713 



Approved Elective 

Gaol. 95-Econoinlc Geology 
Met. 3-Flre Assaying 
Approved Elective 



2 Approved Elective 



FOURTH YEAR 

3 Geol. 96-Econoniic Geology 
2 Min. 12-Mlning Geology 
3 
MIKE ADMINISTRATION OETION 
TSUXD YEAR 



Accy. 12-FundamentalB of Accounting 3 
Econ. 2-Element8 of Economics 3 



Econ. 3 --Money, Credit, and Banking 
Approved Elective 



FOURTH YEAR 
3 Mln. 6-Mech. Eng. of Mines 



Approved Elective 



Econ. 35 "Corporation Finance 

Min. 8-Mine Administration 3 

Eng. 92-Engineering Lav 3 

CURRICULUM IN METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING 
For the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Metallurgical Engineering 

FIRST YEAR 
Common Program for Freshmen (page l^^) , except that Chem. 5 and Math. lOa-lOb are 
substituted for Chem. k and Math. 2, k, 6a. 



SECOND YEAR 



FIEST SMESTER 

Chem.22-Quantitative Analysis 
Math. 8a-Differential Calculus 
Phys. la -General Physics 
Phys. 3a-PhyBics Laboratory 
Physical Education 
Military Science (for men) 
Approved Elective or German or 
French 

Total 



SECOND SEMESTER 



5 C.E. 15 -General Surveying 
3 Math. 8b-Integral Calculus 
k M.E. 85 -Pattern and Foundry Lab. 
1 or German or French 
^ Phys. lb -General Physics 
1 Phys. 3b-PhyslcB Laboratory 
- I'.A.M. 1-Analytlcal Mechanics 
3 or U Physical Education 

Military Science (for men) 
17t or 18| Total 17i c 



3 or 



■w 



Cer.E. 21-Pyrometry 

Chem. U8a -Phys leal Chemistry 

Geol. 20 - Mineralogy 

Met. 2-Princlples of Metallurgy 

Met. 1).-Physical Metallurgy 

Min. 9 -Principles of Mineral Dressing 



THIRD YEAR 

1 Chem. U8b-Physlcal Chemistry 

3 Met. 5 - Ferrous Metall^lrgy 

3 Met. 6 - Metallurgical Calculations 

3 Met. 13 -Utilization of Fuels 

3 M.E. 62-Mech. Eng. Lab. 

3 T.A.M. 3-Resistance of Materials 



T.A.M.-2-Analytlcal Mechanics (Dynamics ) 3 T .A.M. 63-Re8i8tanco of Materials Lab 

19 



FIRST SEMESTER 
E.E.ij-D.C. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines 
E.E.64-D.e. and A.C. Circuits and 

Machines Laboratory 
Met. 7 -Ferrous Metallography 
Met. 8-Ferrous Metallography Lab. 
Met. 9-Non-ferrouB Metallurgy 
Met. l<-l-Motallurgical Design 
Met. 99-InBpection Trip 
Approved Elective 

Total 



FOURTH YEAR 



SECOND SEMESTER 



E.E. 5 -Applications of Electrical 

2 Equipment 
E.E.D5-Electrical Equipment Lab. 

1 Met. lO-Non-ferrous Metallography 

3 Met. 11 -Electrometallurgy 

2 Met. U2-Metallurgical Design 

3 Mln. 2-Mlnlng Principles or Approved 
3 Elective 

Min. 90 -Seminar 

2 T.A.M. ^-Hydraulics 

T .A.M. 6U-Hyrdaullcs Laboratory 
"W Total 



lyjtjJ .r;^c- 



lili' 



Til. 



Engineering; Physics . -The Department of Physics offers a currlculvim in engineering 

physics, designed to give students the "broad and thorough training in fimdamental 

physics and mathematics that is demanded hy the Increasing complexity of modern 

engineering practice. The work of the first two years as much like that In the 

other engineering J3urricula. The work in the last two years includes advanced 

courses in physics, mathematics, and chemistry, "but there is a literal allowance 

of time for study of any field of engineering in which the student is especially 

interested. The details of technical applications are left to "be learned in 

connection with a particular Joh; or, if the electives are. properly selected, the 

curriculum may he made a "basis for graduate* work in some particular field of 

engineering or of physics. The currlculim as arranged in 191^1 -1^2, is given "below: 

CURRICULUM IK ENGINEERING PHiTSICS 
For the degree. Bachelor of Science in Engineering Physics 

FIRST YEAR y 

Common Program for Freshmen (page ,136), except that su'bstitution of Chem. 

Chem. k is advised. 



for 



SECOND YEAR 



FIRST SEMESTER 

German or Aj^proved Elective 
Math. 7-Differentlal Calculus 
Phys. la-General Physics 
Phys. 3a-Physics Lahoratory 
Physical Education 
Military Science (for. men). 
Approved Elective 

Total 



SECOND SEMESTER 



h German or Approved Elective 
5 Math. 9-Integral Calculus 
h Phys. l"b-Genoral Physics 
1 Phys. 3b-Phy8lcs La"boratory 
I T. A.M. 1-Analytlcal Mech. (Statics) 
1 Physical Education 
3 Military Science (for men) 
Approved Elective 
"1^ Total 

THIRD YEAR 
E.E. 25 -Introduction to Circuit Analysis h E.E. 26-Diroct Current Apparatus 



-^ 



E.E. 75 -Electrical Engineering La"b. 
German or Approved Elective 
Math. 18- Advanced Calculus 
Phys. 20a-Theoretical Mechanics 
Phys. li-Oa-Elec. and Magnetism 
Total 



Chem. i;0-Physical Chemistry 
Phys. Tla-Llght 
Phys. T2a-Llght Laboratory 
Phys. 199 -Colloquium 
Approved Elective 
Technical Option 



2 E.E. 76-Electrlcal Engineering La"b. 
k German or Approved Elective 

3 Math. 19-Advancod Calculus 

3 Phys. 20b -Theoretical Mechanics 

3 P hys . 1.0b -Elec. and Magnetism 
19 Total 

FOURTH YEAR 

3 Phys. 60-Heat (M.E.IO or I3 may be 
2 substituted 

2 Phys. 71b -Light 

Phys. 72b-Llght Laboratory 

3 Phys. 199 - Colloquium 
6 Approved Elective 

Technical Option 
"IT" 



-^ 



15 



-tw.. 



715 

e. low CURRICULA AND CURRICULAR REVISIONS FOR 19^1^ 
Curtlculum In Mining Engineering Revised . -In 19^U, the mining-engineering curricu- 
lum was revised to include one integrated curriculum in place of the four options 
previously offered, -the new arrangement laying special emphaBls on coal mining, 
because of its importance In the State, although giving adequate preparation to 
metal mining. The new curriculum with mining courses renumbered appears as follows: 

FIRST YEAR 



The 

FIRST S!01ESTER 

Geo. U3 -Engineering Geology 
Math. 7 - Calculus 
Min. 1 - Elements of Mining 
Phys. la-General Physics 
Phys. 3a-Hiysics Laboratory 
Physical Education 
Military Science 



program of all engineering freshmen. 

SECOND YEAR 

SECOND SEMESTER 

3 Geol. 20-Genoral Mineralogy 3 

5 Math. 9 - Calculus 3 

k Min. 2 - Mining Methods k 

k Phys. lb-General Physics k 

1 Phys. 3'b-Physics Lah. 1 
^ T.A.M. 1-Analytlcal MechanlcsCStatics) 2 

1 Physical Education i 

Military Science 1 



"W~ 



~w 



THIRD YEAR 



C.E. 15-General Surveying 
Econ. 2-Elements of Econ., or 

Advanced Military 
Min. 10-Haulage, Holsting,8sDrainage 
T.A.M. 2-Analytical Mechanics (Dynamics) 
T.A.M. ij-Hydraullcs 
T.A.M. 6l4-Hydraulics Lat. 



IT 



Econ. In -Introduction to Lalsor 

Prohloms, or 
Econ. k3 - Personnel Admin., or 

Advanced Military 3 

Geology Elective 2 or 3 

M. E.62-Mechanical Engin.LalD oratory 3 

Min. 11 - Mine Ventilation 2 

Min. 12 - Mine Surveying 2 

T.A.M. 3-Rosistanco of Materials 3 

T.A.M. 63.-Re8iBtanco of Materi als La'b. 1 



16 or 17 



Summer 
First Week 
Mining 6l-First Aid and Mine Rescue 1 

Second and Third Weeks 
Mining 62-Sianmer Mine Siurveylng 2 

FOURTH YEAR 



FIRST SEMESTER 
C.E.89-Structural Ehglneering or M.E. 87- 

Machlne Tool Laboratory 3 
E.E. 11-Dlrect and Alternating Current 

Circuits 3 
E.E. 61-Dlrect and Alternating Current 

Laboratory 1 

Min. 20-Mlne Administration 3 

Min. 21 - Mineral Dressing 3 



SECOND SEMESTEE 
E.E.12-Direct and Alternating Cxurrent 

Apparatus 3 
E.E. 62-Dlrect and Alternating Current 

Laboratory 1 

Met. 1-Elements of Metallurgy 3 

Min. 23 -Examination and Valuation 2 

Min. 2i|-Mlne Design 3 

Min. 25-Coal Preparation 2 



tTon !?»"'^'f">/'''<^r»«»-«-, • ■ 'jo**^i!^ 






-PT 



; corxufi ejftiM ia0KB;8-2S ;9ixln; 





716 




3 Approved Elective 





3 or'li 


1^ 


17 or 18 



Mln. 22 - Fuels 

Min. 99-Mining Inspection Trip 

Mining 6l (First Aid), a new course, taught "by specialists employed "by the 
State Department of Mines and Minerals at its Springfield Mine Rescue Station, 
requires k& clock hours during one week of the sunmer vacation. Mining 62 (Summer'" 
Surveying), another new course, taught "by a member of the mining staff here, re- 
quires aTsout eight days of actual underground surveying work. The rest of the time 
Allotted to it is spent in the preparation of maps and notes. 

Aeronautical Engineering. -The new. curriculum in aeronautical engineering was form- 
ulated on the same general level of scope,, and content, as those of the other de- 
partments in the College of Engineering; that is, to provide training in the 
fundamental principles of engineering science and the application of these prin- 
ciples to problems relating to a particular field in engineering. Siiphasia on 
fundamentals is especially important in this case "because the newness of aviation 
makes it difficult to predict what developments the industry will undergo in the 
days to come. The unusual advancement within recent years of this "branch of trans- 
portation calling for xmprecedented quantities of airplanes and airplane facilities, 
has required a vast accumulation of production plants devotod to the design, pro- 
duction, and fabrication of aircraft equipment and appliances and of experimental 
lalDoratorles dedicated to the development of new principles upon which to: found 
this new .science of aerodynamics or to a better understanding and application of 
those already esta'blished. This extensive program of enginoorlng production has 
required an immense supply of trained personnel necessary not only to serve In all 
stages of the production and experimental programs, "but also to carry on the edu- 
cational training itself. In the light of this demand, this curriculum has "been 
devised to provide systematic instruction for those students who desire to prepare 
themselves for positions associated with this particular field of the engineering 
profession. 

First Curriculum in Aeronautical Engineering . -The following curriculvim, the first 
organized four-year course of study leading to the B.S. degree in Aeronautical 



^atiolo'i 



717 

Engineering at the University of IllinolB, "became effective on November 2, 19^1^,- 
the date of the Tjeginnlng of the academic year 19^+^-1^5 • I>ue to lack of time, 
facilities, and personnel, however, only the first five semesters of the schedule 
were made availalde for registration purposes at that date. The program of the 
freshman year is Identical with most of the others in the College, 'Chemistry, 
drawing, mathematics, and rhetoric "being the "basic -training su"bjects. The work 
of the second year continues with aatheoatlcs and takes up courses in physics, 
mechanics, speech, shop work, and a new course in aircraft drafting and lofting. 
Courses in mathomatios, mechanics, and rhetoric carry over into the Junior year, 
which contains in addition several su"bjects in electrical and nochanical engineer- 
ing along with three new courses in aeronautical engineering. The fourth year is 
devoted almost entirely to technical su"bjects dealing with some phase of Instruc- 
tion in applied aeronautics. 

FIRST YEAR 
Common Program for Freshmen 

FIRST SEMESTER • SECOND SEMlSTJfe 

Chem. 2 or 3 -Inorganic Chemistry 3 or 1| Chem. 1+ -Metallic Elements h 

G.E.D. 1 or U-Elements of Drawing h G.E.D. 2 -Descriptive Geometry h 

Math. 2-Advanced Alge"bra 3 Math. 6a-Analytic Geometry h 

Math, i* or 5 - Trigonometry 2 Rhot. 2-Rhetorlc and Composition 3 

Rhet. 1-Rhetoric and Composition 3 Hygiene 2 

Physical Education f Physical Education i 

Military Science (for men) 1 M ilitary Science (for men) 1 

l6k orTTi 18| 

SECOND YEAR 

G.E.D.3-Aircraft Drafting and lofting ■ 2: Math. 9 - Integral Calculus 3 

Math. 7 - Differential Calculus 5 M.E.82-Machlne Tool La"boratory 1 

M.E.8l-Pattorn,Foimdry, and Elding Physics l"b-General Physics h 

w»l*4ag Laboratory 2 Physics 3"b-Physics Lahoratory 1 

Physics la-Goneral Physics h Speech 1-Prln. of Effective Speaking 3 

Physics 3a-Physics La"boratory 1 T.A.M. 1-Anal. Mech. (Statics) 2 

Non' cechnical Elective 2 T.A.M. 2-Anal. Mech. (Dynamics) ^ 

Physical Education |- Physical Education ^ 

Military Science 1 Military Science , 1 

THIRD YEAR 

Aero.E.l-AerodynamlcB 3 Aero.E.2-Alrcraft Materials 

Econ. 2-Elements of Economics, or and Processes 3 

Eng. 10-Englneering Economics 3 Aero. E.22-Aircraft Structures 3 

Math. l6-Differential Equations 3 E.E. 18-Electrical Circuits 2 

Rhet.''i.-Coinpositlon (Report Writing) 2 E.E. 68-Electrlcal Circuits Lah. 1 

T.A.M. 3 -Reel stance of Materials 3 M.E. 13 -Thermodynamics 3 

T.A.M.5-Fluid Mechanics 3 Approved Elective 3 



tvri^':* 



,.-4- 



~^o:i , 



^^'ijp'XftfOO VOii •• >.U-**-' O***^ 



**i*T noQtQoO 



T.A.M. 63-Resistance of Materials Lat. 1 

IT 



Aero. E. 23 -Aircraft Structures 
Aero. E. 33-Aircraft Detail Design 
Aero. E. i^3 -Airplane Design 
E.E. 19-Aeronautical Electrical 

Equipment 
M.E. 9-Intemal Comibustion Engines 
Technical Option 
Inspection Trip 

Total 



718 
M.E. 32-Kineiiiatics and Dynamics of 
Machinery 



FOURTH YEAE 

3 Aero. E. 1^1; -Airplane Design 

2 Aero. E. 62- Aerodynamics Lab. 

3 Aero. E.6if -Air craft Structures 

Laboratory 
3 Aero. E. 66-Aircraft Engine Lab. 
3 Bng. 92-Engineering Law 
3 Approved Elective 
T echnical Option 
17 Total 



-^ 



rc'* *:»•?!( i^' 



719 
CHAPTER XXril 

WARTIME TOAiroNG IN EHGINEEEHSG 
A., WORLD WAE I 
General . -Since a complete and elaborate record of the part taken "by the University 
In World War I Is presented in a 'Mlitary History of the University of Illinois, 
1868-1923^' "by George Caiapln, L.A.& S» ^06, only a resvime of the special work of 
the College of Engineering during that period Is presented here. 
Intercollegiate Intelligence Bureau . -On March 3, 1917, a "branch of the Intercolleg- 
iate Intelligence Bureau vas organized at the University with Assistant Professor 
H. W. Miller, Assistant Dean of the College of Engineering, as Adjutant. The ob- 
ject of the Bureau was to "bring all the College and Tfiiiversity agencies into 
direct contact with the proper department of the Federal Government. Questionnaires 
were promptly sent to I3 5OO alumni and students, and the information received 
from these was placed upon permanent record cards xmder 102 general heads. Within 
30 days after the United States declared war, 3,860 of these cards were upon file 
and ready for use. To the first emergency call from the United States Civil Service 
Commission, Illinois responded with a list of names, and several men immediately 
began work in the positions offered. Urgent calls also came from the Ordnance 
Department for trained Inspectors, clerks, and instrument men. 

On May 9, 1917, the Bureau was asked to recruit from the University two am- 
bulance units, and on May 26, an additional unit was called for; and on July 2, 
the three units, consisting of IO8 men of vham. 88 were Illini al\jmnl or students, 
entrained for Allentown, Pennsylvania, for a preliminary army training prior to 
departure for France. 

In the latter part of August, the Federal Government announced that it would 
increase its program in aviation, shipbuilding, ordnance, chemistry, and finance; 
and for five or six months thereafter, the Bureau, under the direction of Adjutgint 
H. H, Jordan, Assistant Dean of the College, who had succeeded Adjutant Miller when 
he left the UhiverBlty for service in the field, was busy supplying names for 
military and naval positions, giving Information concerning the organization of 



IIIXX fHT^WHO 
C?n::^'SIlIO«S HI mV^tB^ff? SNTTfTA'-. 
i BAW aJHOW 

talonU-CI lr> v.-^-;t.o-/ l-u ....; ic -'-jT.-fH x^^tljM; s at bo&aQBotq ai I -icW bltdW nt 

■.ioi{ .&o*rtoaoi(i si JboJtiJig ctorfd" saiitf£ j^'^ooflJtjfjcS lo esoXXoO exii 

-aoXIooie-trrl -^'rfcJ- "Jo doitriif -j JIQX tg rioicM nO- . irce-xuff .t-onosJtXIod-nl ad-alaoXXoo-jcodnl 

losab'iOT:^ ^njo-J-aluaA xiiiv ^jd-JtBieviriU orfi- ^i3 Jbosimssiv-) Ofsw ir/roirxS oorto^l IXed-nl o^r'l 

-tfo offT . dTt;3.j-;/tM ai. ^pnii-xeonlsfia "io o^oXXoO odi lo aujd iria&atask ^leXXJtM .W .H 

otnl aoiyrio^i' 'icia-xov^nu Mn os^XXop orfit XX-i anitrf o* aaw uso'^l orfj- Ix) cJ-o&L 

fievioooi noltaarxolnl orfi inn ^a^xwfiui-Q JihiS IrusulB 00^ £1 od- d-.'ica x-iicpsotq oio« 

nijWiW .3fij:^rl .r.-'*j'3fX38 SOX lofiair aJEncso Jbioosi d-rtortanrreg noqjj beoalq qcht oaerii asoil 

eX2x ncqjr e-^iow 3l)tco oQorft 1o 0^oi£ ^ifjw fistoXosi) aovtjad-a fjoJ-lnU orfj neJ-t'^ a\Cii^ CJ; 

eaiv-ioS XiviO aod-oiJ-S £owLaTJ'6iid- no^^ XXso ■^conostefflcd'S'xi'i orfd^ oT .osi/ to^ yfirsi bciE 

^B&sitfxmnt nonr Xoievoe Mo taomrsa to itaiX o il*lv tobaoqQQt aioniXXI ^nolaatnaioC] 

eom^nfitO e.,d& csoit eoao obXc eXXoo d-nog-xy .fio-sa'llo ax:oi.tJ;ao<i or{* «Jt ^{•xov nossd 

•neua dnomrtd'arti fiao ^e:{'s•c.Io ^a'ro^oc'qranl itrxii^i* 10^ d'ne'aic)'tog'3a 

-xnci owe}- ■y;.t?u-:cvijaU orf* moil &ttsisQr o& briiu.-' anv uro-xi/ff odi tTX<?X ^Q *ciJ^ nC 

^2 x^f^"^- "o ban ^tirit. JboXXco acw <timr Xj\noJ:*iiJfir> rtc ^^ \dii no ban ^Qttau eoaalud 

,p&nobutB i'> hmul^ tatlLl enav 88 ioorfw to aca 8OX lo snfd-aiaftoo ^B&htu eoirfd- orict 

od- loiiq .gninioii •^in X'MCtiiitiXoiq: n *ro1 t-ohTcvX-^aansI 5r.wod'f£oX.L\ "xot ^er.l.'jnd'nc 

• uo-T-irti; ic^ e.'B;d'Xi3(ioli 
Mifow .t* &!x: . ■ crx: jitji.vot? Xn'ioix. '^I -.ifd ^c^ajJisuA "xo d-iog lod-d-^X erld- nl 

leoanat'i bm. ..1^. ,oon£iii6io ^gnJtBXi-wrfglds ^nold-istv^ ni nrsT^o^q ed* oae^itonl 

umsd-i/tliA lo aol&oottb odd' -loiim; ^trae-arS odd- ^'io&'ii.'>ot9d* Qd&aosi xto 10 evil ic-t /tfiii 

aarfw isXXiM &a&&ulbA hebooootsa had orfw ^o8o.LIoO orfd "io ixboCI dxrad-ataaA jneMoT, .H .B 

•JO* aoHsfl 5ynixX<3rcfy9 TtBUd" bl'w ^fcXoJtt odd rtl ool^rtm not •.'.d-JtaiotrinlJ orld- dtoX ori 

; l:d-sslnc8'«f ■■tc'O notd'.^:M'XO^t salvia ^anoidiooq Xovisa Jftinis TjicdiXha 



720 

the different national departments, and the work of the officers' training 
schools. In March, 1918, the Bureau vas merged into the War Service Exchange 
under the direction of the Adjutant General's Office, and the University ceasedto 
function in this line. 

School of Military Aeronautics . -On May 1, 1917, the Board of Trustees authorized 
the estahlishment of the School of Military Aeronautics under Grovernment direction 
for giving ground training in preparation for flying. As the College had already 
"begun work in this field, having ostahlished a Chair of Aeronautics in 19l6, the 
School was placed under the general supervision of Dr. C. R. Richards, Doan of the 
College, and under the immediate charge of Assistant Dean Miller as Director of 
Technical Instruction. Instructional practice "began on May 21, 1917, "but Director 
Miller resigned on September 1, 1917, to enter field military service. After an 
interval. Professor F. D. Crawshaw, former Assistant Doan of the College, was made 
Director of Technical Instruction and President of the Academic Board, and remained 
in that position until the distandment of the School after the signing of the 
armistice. 

From May 20, 1917, until Armletice 3&-y, the Federal Government sent to the 
School eaeh week a group of men enlisted in the Aviation Corps. The course of 
study first prescrl"bed for these men was of eight weeks duration; "but in March, 
1918, the Government extended this period to twelve weeks, and douhled the weekly 
class enrollment. The curriculum included the construction and operation of 
nachine guns and aircraft engines, the rigging of airplanes, artillery ohservation, 
wireless telegraphy, map reading, reconnaisance, metorfology, astronomy, contact 
patrol, "bombing, cross- ccruatry flying, theory of flight, typos of machines, 
military law, military hygiene and sanitation, infantry-drill regulations, army 
regulations, paper work, and the military organization of the Gorman, British, 
French, and American armies. The instruction was given "by regular Instructors of 
The College of Engineering and others employed for that purpose. At first, the 
cadets were quartered and instructed in the now Armory; "but a llttlo later, the men, 



-.-. ..oinpS leV erii oirtt iesieja ant' uoqvjE oriJ- ,3l$I ^rioisM nl .aloorfoa 

ocMiQOfleo ^jd-tcTev.tnir, ©rf* ban ^(;of.YiO a'J"jj*ien«^ d-nw^wt-D/i erf* 1o nold-ooilii ox!* loJBmi 

.onil eid* jExl flo2*cmr1t 

rJ>n!yiL& bsid ogelloO c;:{J- uA .^nJ^^;!!: -sot noMv'iaqoiq rii gniAlBid- Lm;o'i3 gKiivls lol 

dj- ,oI$I ni 80i:*irBn,>ioA lo ilsrfO ;3 ierrQilcTBd-ac saJtvsrf ^filsi^ alrf* al ±Dcnr n«8ed 

rfd- "tx; ;tcoa tBMerfoifl .9 .0 .isl 'to nci'aivtQqssa Lj^teno^ Qd& lobnts bcoalq ajsw looifoe 

ojif/I afi aoLflM rujoCI J^xIis^^8l:a8A "io •3Sifirfo o&Btbomii adt loJ&mr iaie ^egoXIoS 

z^jij-z:.! &i!'S »TI?J"- ^15? 'i^'iM no xiosed" ooi*Oi3iqr JjJ.ic.td-owrtd-anl .noid-oind-anl laotadr 

OB lod'ltA .Qoiyiea \?csJ-.tIlja hl^/tt lo&ao c& ^TIQI ^I no-fnrod-rea no ^nsteoi loXl- 

eJiam bjjw tSsoXXoO or» 1o neoa dTUDd-^J-.aaA •XGcno'i .wjariawaiO .ci .1 TCocHGlonf ^lBVTy*ai: 

Aeniansi Jiaa ,Iiiaoff oiwolkaoA urfc)- lo dnofiJiaoi*! Xirtrs nold-oxn^anl Is^otcidn^l! Tto no^oerta 

erf* ^o gnh^la erid- •red-^ ioorioa orfd- ^c d-'i-jinfincd'sii; orfj I-l^njx noi*Jteoq &Bd& ixl 

.eotdaLrK 

T» oaitfoo eriT -aqniDO noicfiiivA oxfd* ni f)'j:tel:Xno nom. lo OTorsg e ile&w rfars loorioc 

^rfoisM ftl d-ud" jriold-flTK/Jb ailoew *xfelo lo asv aosn -saorid- "xol f>i:>d"l'X03Dncr d-e'iil: yfiuie 

:i& belduob bcic ^aaTQew ovl-jvd- od- .boiioq- airfd- fca^nod-xo d-nonmoroO o.'id' ^8l§J 

xc noldrifigo ^3 no Ed-oJnd-anoo trfd fioj&iriuni noflJiroli'i'sao oilT . d-nc-cHoino qoaIc 

,noid^fl%'rfeccfo x^lsJ^-ti^ia <QGnjeI<rxli3 to gnisgii oHd ^ao^xisno &1iiZ0i.ts iins erous eniriorr 

do.odrtoo ^-^ostonondao t^jsoXoQiod-om ,0onMaJ:.3naoooi 4ai"£iJb3ei q^aa ^xdqt^'S^olet aaelottlv 

i3on±riocm lo aecred ^d-rfg^;.! lo 'cioorfd ,are:tY-tl v;-::*!!/©!? -Qaoto ^Bnicf'TOrr ^Icx&Jiti 

■yarta ^oaoiialaQOt n.i'tb-Z'^ianlal ^aoi:&s^&tacz) btvi un;'ls"Vt VJcad-illxsr ,VflI -^rxs^illc 

^dBi&ti(l ^aiiBn^O ©rfd- lo noldT.i-JjfTrgtto 'jt^d-IXim orfd- fur; tTftow leqcg ^Qnoti'^lufit'i 

'^o 8'xod'oindani lolwgei y>^ novlg cav noJdoind-aui: oiPT .aetaro) rciotioxaA fin/J ^rfon'-'^'^ 

-'t ,cfc'f*"r d.- . c cr rxirq txirfd- lol ijuijoXqaie Qiarfd-o bn^?. saJtrcoonisaZ lo agoXIoO - 

■ •■f ;Y.'xai}ix\ wf^xi fdtd- ni f>edoircd-nrTi: X'nn ;>■ totoirup oaov ad-efjjsa 



721 

were quartered in the Y.M.C.A, Building, vhlch had Tseen converted into a barracks, 

and still later detachments were stationed in the Woman's Residence Hall. The 

instruction was given mostly in the Transportation Building, in the old Armory , 

and in an annex "built to it for that purpose, knovn as the Gas Engine Annex. 

Simultaneously with the tc^chnlcal work en\amorated ahove, the cadets had military 

training under army officers. Upon congjloting their course at the University, 

the cadets were trained in the actual use of the airplane at the various aviation 

flying fields. 

The School began with 25 cadets; and the maximum attendance at any one time 

was 836 for the week ending July 22, 1918. A new squadron was received and a new 

class was graduated each week. During the eighteen months thd School was in 

operation, 2,691 cadets were graduated, 596 were discharged, and at the close 

of the School 338 wore on the roll. In all 3,625 men received Instruction. 

Students* Anny Training Corps . -The Students' Army Training Corps was created "by 

the War Department for the purpose of educating and training men for service in 

the U. S. Army, with the particular reference to the selection and training of 

candidates for commissioned and non-commissioned officers, and for the needs of 

expert technical war work. Units were established in 550 educational institutions 

throughout the United States. Members of the Corps had to be over 18 years of age 

and under 21. Many of the regular students of the University were enrolled in the 

Corps, which ws.s usually referred to as the S.A.T.C. The Corps was divided into 

two classes, A and B, the former must have been graduates of a high school and must 

academic training, while the latter must have completed the eighth 
have received /instruction in mechanical trades. The unit established at the 
grade and rmsx, have received 
University of Illinois was wholly A. It was organized on October 1, 1918, and 

started work at once. There were enrolled in Uirbana 2,600 students in the army 

section, and i+OO in the navy section. In the Chicago College of Medicine, there 

were enrolled 385 in the medical section. 

In Urbana, each cadet was required to give eleven hours per week to military 

drill and instruction, nine to military law and practice, three to War Aims of the 



offT .ISjM oan r^W eri* at beaot&o&B oi^jv Qin^mAoL-i'^h 'Mi:iL LI. tin hne 

y.iomnA bLo erfcf at ^grtiiXixxSC mt^atioqUiaa'fS eA& tU ^iJ-aoBi novig b^w notd-onrc^ant 

• .T^onJ. ^oaoqTcuff d-j^rfi' ",.1 d-i o& J-.n-r/i -xannfl nj5 .Tt br 
y.xs^Uiii iwr^ £i4"i-4).;o o;i;i- ,wVod'x*. £oJ-i3iQcarn6 sf'xow Ii?oimiocd- orft A&hr ';Ia;roortt'd'IuHi-lC 

jioi:-|;:iv.'-i ajwtiin' ©rfd- &a ocuilq'Xti' oi.-f- "io oair iaminp. erl* ai fionir'jJ- low 2c^uf)30 orfi" 

.cMvi'i srttY 

wf>0 fl J&riii io/Iv>Ooi r.rw n;oTbx'./;x>a won A .8IQI ,3S xLtiJt S^Jtlin?. af&rv orf* 10^ ^£8 aev 

nt Qsv Ic>orfoS Cfld" 8ri*nc-xtr nesd-rfeio ori* 5v^i1J^<I .x^ow rfojos Jbeitj?ui)3is ej3V bg^^Io 

ou-lii oitJ- d-i< Mr .^ogmvlot^if) oiov dQ?; ^iod-r.i;fi.'^;'J5 otew e&Gbao XQ'i^S inoitxsieqo 

..-"■) itfoirrd-oni fiovleos'x nom ^9^C I.r.'> al .XXo-x oxi* no 3Tow 8F£ XooiioS jr!* to 

ni ■^^oiv'XBQ lol: asm ^taiotj bn^ ^tl&coebo 'to oBoq'Xiiq orft toI ■tn-?nid-'X£qoCI inV7 erlcJ- 

"ic gnirri-oid- Jimi noi*ooXoa i>d& oi ooaoiQ%ji rt-oXxro tdijjq eifJ" ditv ^yjnk .3 .U eriJ- 

lo ob'^i^r. i'di 'sol brw ^fi'xeatt'i.o boaotMohmoo-nosr bite boaolBstsszoo nol 33*eJ5lJ5rtco 

c:i^[^u&j:JBas: Inaot&i^aubQ.O^^ at bodstlds^tae ciow actinU .:j['xow -xtw XHol^rtiiaoc)" J-Te^q-j 

933 ^ aisox 8X -rovo off c* ftcrf ajqrfoO oxf* "io siccfnoM .ao*i3d-8 Boc^lnTJ erf:?- tifoxitsifoixi* 

oxfd- al i)oiXoTcao oiev xflaicvJnlT ei* T;o nd-no^wd-a "xcXatoT K>d& "io tjo-'^M •''•-' i-j-'w^' -Bn/i 

o*ni BofiiTifi aj3v aqrcoD orfT .O.T.A.a 9dc^ on oJ- boitot^ji TjXX.^sxraif sw r{c)J:!iw ^sq^o? 

'■•sxHu: Ma XoodoB ti^tA 3 "^s ae^J-isjiBct? neecf cvod cJ"3Jua •i:;:''-! i'"'. :.:!:; , -. i,:ir^ A ^Rc•a3BXo owd- 
^.tdv^l© ed& b^j&elrmoo ovcri d-sicn •roJ'^.'^X odd" slirfw '^.■■• 

adt && boAeitMB&co ihur orfl? .aoJbccf XeohiPj: — '!:\b.r'tG00i ovr.ri 

ii:3 t3t;PX ^X -x^do&oQ ac b&stnc^io axw &I .A xLiodv n.rn/ aioniXXI Jo -z^iBiertalJ 

v;tr£:: ',{{.*• JiX B;^^c^5ird•3 003^2 i'Jiatf'xir nt JboXXriao oiow oTodT .son:? *b :i'xcv br^&iB&n 

■ '•" -^v^--. n - .. .rr „ -r^fjoirfO orCd- nl .notd-ooa X7sa od& nt 004 iD/ii3 ^aot&o^a 

.af>t&r)OP. inotbor^ od& nJ: 585 f>eIXotno oi:^v 

■l•Io:^tXJm o* atoew itjq oiuori novoiv; ovtci o& bonlupot "jnw *ol)f::> rio.j'-- ^.'-^XL^ff-rlT nl 

exl* 1x) aniiA toV o* oortd* .oo.^c^o^r.q i)nn w.al v.-i^d-tXiirr o* oxiirt ^xic t+stfiJ-anJ- bna IXirx 



722 
United States ("War Iseuee"), and ten to thirteen to regular college work. Of the 
latter, several subjects were prescrl"bed for each of the different "branches of the 
service, and the remainder were elective. The cadet elected the "branch of the ser- 
vice he preferred, -and a large proportion took trigonometry, surveying, map making, 
and physics, with a substantial pajrt of the teaching of these subjects devolving 
upon the engineering instructors. Considerable numbers of cadets enrolled in 
accountancy, business management, economics, and sanitation and hygiene, and as all 
cadets were required to take War Issues, nearly all of the older men in the Unl^ 
versity faculty were called upon to teach one or more sections in that subject. 

The University thus became virtually a military school. Although more than 
two-thirds of the usual courses were given, emphasis was placed on the several 
special courses required by the Government, for it was virtually in charge of the 
curricula. All members of the Corps were under military discipline, living in 
barracks, wearing uniforms, and having their daily programs regulated by officers. 
Under such conditions, the usual life of the University was not possible, and from 
the first of October until late in December, when the affair was over, few of the 
characteristic featvires of canrpus life were in evidence. The armory was converted 
into an immense barracks by constructing a temporary second floor, affording room 
for more than fifteen hundred men, with a mess hall below for all members of the 
Corps. 

All fraternity and many rooming houses were converted into barracks, also, 
and such men as were not in the Corps lived where they could find room. The labor 
of preparing barracks and mess facilities for this number of men was tremendous, 
but it was performed rapidly. To add to the difficulties of the situation, an 
I epidemic of Influenza made it necessary to provide hospital faoillties for more 
than three hundred patients at a time when all was in confusion of change and 
reorgani zat Ion . 

The Corps was demobilized on December 21, 1918. The net result of what might 



1. Much of the following material was taken from the University of Illinois 
Alumni Record, 19l8, pages 'XUX and ZXX. 



f?ri* 10 .■i'icw e^alLoo riaiwgei of rroed-i^ri* o* not L:is ^CneusBl ibV") bo&b&B beiitxtU 

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at JjgJIoino adsfii^a ^o Brtgrfeuni wltfaioiilenoO . aiotoyit anl ^j^^'ieyriJ'S'^*' ori* ncaj;; 

-'IxtU erid- ai arm leMo e.-Cd- lo lie x^toon ^ a ewe si i/iW eAst o* bettsspoi oiew adsli.'so 

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r 
iix?xlt atom ifeii;oxf.t.tA "■.i:corJo6i x'^rfc^-i-^i^ a •v;II-iifd-nlT eiuwoecf eMc*- ^J-isnovin'T ©rJT 

Jf.-x&vsB iid& no i)©0i'l3 bjsw oiaxirittiny ^nevJts fi'Si.w QwBin.ocj i./.-jjRn -•ri.t 1c zbtidt-ovi 

•■^d& to egiofio at x^i^BSSttlv afiw ti •so'r ^ i-neiir.ii'JvoO edd- ^cf &eil;/p-:-i bpctx'oo JjsxcetTa 

rtl snivlX ^ontIcrio5i:f> •^i£*J'If-Br fofiau ciaw ocrioO siit- "io gtC'^aem IIA .BJJJoiTix/cj 

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.syioO 

,obIb ^pMoB'niid oir.l iiedievnoo oiov aeatroif gnlicoo'i yjn-rjs. brts x&lma:ti:i't IIA 

^toisl yrn.' .moot icti'i i?Xi!00 xerit eiodw ieviX' aqTioO ed* al. ion gigv ais n-^ut rfot/s iow 

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-toe to't aohd-tXioi*! XstiqBori 3i>Jtvo'?ri ot YtfiEaoof.-n &t ^be-ssi :iT.n:oultai. lo oiicsiilq* 

.noitrvliiBgiO' 'I 
trfgiffi tarftr lo d-Xwa&T ten eifT .OlPI ^XS iQcfoioooCI no i>e'i-lXiaomeii tiaw acrxoO orfT 

aioaiXXI lo ^tiaiovJtnn ortt mcil n&JiBt asw Xsi-xstac 5j-rtwoXXol erft lo do.-fM .X 

.jCaX f-.-^j XIXX e98£!j ^6XQX ,6iooo3 .tfinr;;!:' 



723 
have proved to "be an interesting experiment under more moderate conditions, vas 
very unsatisfactory, for three reasons. The period of experiment vas too short, 
the preparation of quarters required too much time, and the Influenza added to the 
confusion. Fev who had any part in the conduct of the ordeal, rememher the ex- 
perience as anything "but a nightmare. 

After the demohlllzation In December, the University decided to operate on the 
quarter plan for the year 1918-19; and the second term opened early in January. 
Begistration vas reduced somevhat, and the University gradually returned to normal 
conditions. Students gradually resumed their old way of campus life, and "by the 
end of the year, there vas little to remind one that there had ever "been an S.A.T.C, 
at Illinois. 

Var-Servlce Records . -TaTsle XXIV, which was prepared ty Professor T. A. ClarlF,Dean 
of Men, shows the number of University men of the different colleges who enlisted 
during World War I. The number of men in the College of Engineering ranks first; 
"but this had no- significance since there are no data as to the number of men 
eligible for military service in the several colleges. 

It is interesting to note that a very large percentage of the enlisted men 
were officers. In the army, there wore 5>353 men of whom 2,923 were commissioned 
officers (ranging from 2 major generals to 1,317 second lieutenants), 87O non- 
commissioned, and 1,560 enlisted men. In the marine corps, there were 90 men of 
whom 25 were commissioned officers, 3I non-commissioned officers, and 3 J* ' Unlisted 
men. In the navy, there were 838 men of whom 263 were cammisBloned officers, 120 
petty officers, kkl enlisted men,Qnd 8 mld-shipmen. There were 2k engaged in 
Y.M.C.A. work. In other words, of the 6,281 University of 'Illinois men in combat- 
ant military service, 52.9^ were cowml ssioned officers. 

The total number of a on to o wa to dat e of Illlnl men who died >rtiile In service 
or whose deaths were due to injuries or Illness contracted while in service, was 
181, of whom 62 were engineers. The total number wounded whose injuries were 
severe enough to confine them to a hospital was I58. 



^JioriB oov+ Esw d-«ociJ:i8qa:e to £)ol:"sec; '->itr .anoajson osrtri* lot ^•'^od'oc'ief:taafiif -^c- 

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• eiAtacfxigta jo iwS '^aiAi'iSta aa oone.r.ioq; 

...lojjmst. nl ■tcl'tee ijanaqo crja* IsuoGsa oxfi'" Mb tQI-3lPI 'i-.c\ erfcf tot rrslq lochisi'. 

Xanncn o* ijsaiu*e-r x-l^-isyijBrig \;d-iai3yiaU 6rf* £0^ ^d-srTwGiUoa Jbwowfio-t aew rroW/rcieiSf 

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j.T.A.5 as, ae^tf aove fi-sti oioiid- izAi^ oiio l«ilfli:.i od" oX*;tlI anv o'rc^rfc^ .t?otc a.-fd- to Jbrr 

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.a^sGlIco Ijjtav^e •-^rfd' ni eoivieG Yije>+llim lOt elcfiglJ. 
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to nom 0\; 0T3W r.-x-.i!!;)- ,Bq-iX>0 .-■•rltr;jrf exid- :^l .noct hodatlns 0?5c.'r.-t L-Tb jft^noiesblTi: 
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.'3^X arw Xfijtijaorf .'.• od- xnorfd' tonttnoo ocf riguono e-ravr' 



72l| 
TABLE XXIV - NUMBIP OF UKTVERSITY MEN ENLISTED IN WORLD WAR I 







Under 


Former 




Post 


Staff and 


College 


Total 


Grad. 


Students 


Alumni 


Qrad 


Faculty 


Engineering 


1 997 


1^80 


1^39 


1 018 


I? 


1^1 


L.A. & S. 


1 518 


i|08 


380 


567 


66 


97 


Agriculture 


1 210 


371 


339 


1.72 


11 


17 


Comiaerce 


826 


393 


178 


237 


10 


8 


Pharmacy 


262 


67 


58 


135 


2 


- 


Lav 


212 


In 


55 


155 


- 


1 


Medicine 


137 


55 


12 


h9 


11 


10 


Dentistry 


12U 


30 


- 


92 


- 


2 


Admlnl stratlon 


19 


- 


- 


- 


119 


- 


Total 


6305 


18i;5 


li+61 


2685 


195 



B. WORLD WAR II 
General . -A University War Committee vlth Provost Horno as chairman vas appointed 
"by President Wlllard on December 27, 19*^1, to act as a central agency for studying 
and coordinating the University's rosources to meet the national emergency occa- 
sioned iDy World War II. At once the committee "began to develop a program for the 
molilllzatlon of the University's resources along lines of currlcular activities, 
research, the protection of life and property, and to provide an information center 
for students. 

Accelerated Schedule of Instruction . -"To prepare men and women as rapidly as poss- 
ible for many professions ir^jortant to the prosecution of the war, the University's 
schedule of instruction is accelerated, without reducing the amount or quality of 
work required for graduation. Also for this purpose the admission requirements 
are modified so that high-school seniors of high rank, who pass certain tests, may 
enter the University as freshmen at the "beginning of any term. 

"In the summer of 191^2 the colleges and schools at Ur"bana offered, in addition 
to courses only six weeks long, many courses extending for twelve weeks in which* 
students could earn as much credit as in a regular semester. In Fe'bruary, 19*^3; 
the Ur"bana departments "began to operate on an annual schedule of three terms of 
sixteen weeks, instead of two semesters of eighteen weeks and a short summer 
session. Students may thus complete within three years a curriculum fully 



fJST 



-1- 


H-AV diflow I'l: 


I ^i;'jaxj,i;; ii/^; 


': 1 L. ■...,.•!; li'l: 


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LtjotIA 


^3 




In&oT 


.rioo 


I4 


QI 


BIO I 


Qe^ 


084! 


YQ<2 I 


Snl-xeonlat 


TQ 


r:^d 


Yrj? 


.o8e 


804 


aii! i 


.3 i« ,A..I 


TI 


n 


or;' 


P^^P 


iTr 


OJf? I 


erarJIwolTSA 


8 


CI 


jTw 


cyi 


£Q£ 


&S6 


e-i-Xu-MoO 


■- 


s 


^a 


8e 


T? 


5^2 


■\i:o£»niifurT 


I 


- 


C^J- 


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2IS 


wbJ 


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'■ r 


■•'. 


5E 


p^ 


T£I 


enJrotboM 


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•• 




- 


Of. 


^5^1 


Tjritfaio'-i-fjC! 




- 


- 


- 


- 


CI 


ao'rdr^tt&taisi^" 


C».^I 


QII 


?ria y 


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C^i!^ X ' 


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I.oJcT 



-BBoq SB "^Iftiigja'i; j^a nemcvvr to,- n:ocr etocjoiq oT"". noIJ'OtJ'id'crtI to oIi/i^mIo3 l)9 ^^3^T■ •3J'^&ooA 

viiTT .aJ-aod :'Tl.ri.t'i'-o neiscr odv ^3uij?i ifsiil ^0 9icJ:a0e loorioa-risid imii 03 iolliijora '3T3 

'noiiw ax a-A&(V tvS.'--v-t 'iv'l snliKT^'J xo Geaiwoo -ifL^nt ^snoX a:!io'w xis -^no Doaiuoo -- 
tt>'v:X t-^iujncTn'^ rJ. .isctQenoa t •awg!^'?. .c /it on itbotv douA sr. atno i-luoo Q&anbu&a 
'to BnraeJ- j.:;icfv ^o QLabodoB Xsyorw an no oiatoqp o& iir.'^orf ad-xiojad-iaq;' >£ 'cmd'ifJ qA& 
'iinmnu d-iorio o ban Qjfesw r'^^^+liJ3lo ^o qio^qohcb cvd- "Jo f)?o*sxtl ^e?Io&v noed-xi 



125 

equivalent to that formerly requiring four years." 

Engineering Instructor b on Leave for Var Service . -Early In the var period, many 
persons connected vlth the staff of the College of Engineering obtained a leave 
of absence from their University duties to enlist with the Armed Forces or to 
engage in some phase of essential var industry. Others left later, so that in 
I9U5, the total number on leave is about fifty of grade of instructor or higher. 
There Is. Jio available record of the number vho resigned their positions to enter 
militazy service or take appointments in essential var production. Many persons 
belov the rank of instructor either obtained leave or resigned their positions to 
enlist or take employment in var-servlce industries. 

Civilian Training . -During the period of the var, the regular curricula scheduled 
for civilian training were carried on as usun.1 by the several departments vithln 
the College of Engineering for men vho vere belov the draft-limit age or ^o 
vere otherwise unqualified for the armed service. In many cases, esp^ially in 
the early days of the var, both civilians and enlisted men attended the same 
classes. The number of sections vas materially reduced, hovever, and in many 
instances elective courses vere not offered. 

C. A. A. Var Training Service -In 19^2, the Pilot Training Course previously men- 
tioned, vas accelerated under Civil Aeronautics Administration. The program, 
later designated the C.A.A. War Training Service, consisted of eight-veeks sessions 
in vhlch enrollees received 2^+0 hours of ground schooling and from 35 to kO hours 
of flight Instruction. After January 1, 19^3, classes in aviation vere conqposed of 
Air Corps Cadets in the Navy V-5 program. This vork vas later transferred to the 
Navy V-12 program. 
► Reserve Officers* Training Corps . -After the declaration cif var, the vork of the 
Reserve Officers' Training Corps vas accelerated to synchronize vlth the Univer- 
sity' s three-semester program. During 19'+3-^3^ over three times the usual number 

of men vsre quallf lod for commissions at the time of graduation. 
1. Annual Register, 19U2-19'+3, pag© HT- 



sviJGl i5 fjerrlBtcfc Si-iliaonis^S 1:o ogoXIoO ori* 1» '-ttscfa orf* ri±lv jbo^oGf^^-o anoaieq- 

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ai. d-r,rf.t oa iio*3l ci-^oX c-ssri^ .TCid'c/.'fini- osv lai&rt'^aaQ to OGirfq oiaoG ni ogisg 

.tsrisifl fo TOi-rjun.+Bnt lo chnts 'to x^VM Jrsoda ei svboX no locteyn Xx^d-oJ- exfd- ^(^^({1 

loj-xw ot DnoicfiKoj rc-erfj Jbt-.Tgcaoi orfv loctom oil* lo Jtiooorr oirfuXiiavE on .ai etofn 

Bno3i'.>q -{jiZiM .aotiotsbo'iq, -xew XsidrtooBc nx '3&nQis;taloaq;.z &±n& 10 eolvrcos x'^^iJcltX.'M 

<t --,- 'T:-,3oq •xio.'id- Jbonsiae-x 10 ovn^X l)enJ-fl*cfo lotW-le T;ojf-oui*ant lo sluisl ori* woXacf 

. nolrid-BixfenJ; ooivrse-tisw ni: d-.ieH^oXqmo 02D3J 10 .taiXae 

f)oXtrf!t<£fpB '.Xx/oiTlwo rc-lupjOi ■■d* t'luv oricf 'Jo icti&q: 'v-rfd- ^.^x tijC- . ?3 inJ fi I-stT nrii: IJ: v ! : 5 

rtlii-tiv sitnenEJ-ii'creit Xrnovca odi y/X XruGix :?r. no i)Oit'ic;: 'i^'sov grtlniB'S* riBlXirio mol 

cd\r to ©3^ d-iiaiX-ilii'xfi erfi woX&cf o-xcw oriw fio*Ti io"i ^iisenlsaS to sseXXoO erf* 

ni T^Xi-.Ioo^eo ,GoajBO ^casn al .ooiv'fes Jbarrcji ori* 10 "i JboitiXswpnx; oBiwi6d*c eiow 

aniBa i;r{* £otoo*d-/! nom b'jietlao baa armiXivlo rid-ocf ^tjew ori* '10 at-''^ •y;Xico ori* 

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• So'iel'ic d'on sinv oe^-xtjoo eyi^oaXs eoonsd-c;'. 

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^ittsTgoiq eriT .nol^sici'aXnxai&A nold-jjjcrtoioA XtvlO -xoJ&nif aod-rsieXcoois ary ^fianoi* 

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p>iij- c:^ fioi'^v/xGrioid' ic.d-:>X ujw Tf'iow eirfl' .laH'xso'iq: ^-7 •'CvaVL odi al ed-eiJsO agrmO iJtA 

.sur^so'tq SX-V 'cvbJI 

cri-t to :\iov -trfJ- ,X'rv "iiD .toiJ-STaXoofi cr{* ioJ-Vi*. efrxcO ^nlnlfliT 'Biooi'iy) evrt&BG?! 

-ir-v.f.:iij Off* ffd-lw <'S.'.noifiorr\;;: c& ^sit.o'roXaoor? arw srr^oO •yiinlisiT 'qioo.^-HO oviaaoH 

loXmUii Xauau orfj- e'jsiti '301ffc^ •sevo t£4l-€i*QX sn^'^rl .rLi-x^oiq; 70*aeiiica-ooiffcl- a'vcfJto 

.fiol*a;:x^r"i5^ to onld- odi &c i^rtoianinraoo lol JbcijllXiu^p . -iic-v noig te 
• TXX 08fi:r ^?:49X-S4lQX ^loJalsoiT Xsx/mA .X 



726 

Aftor the Army Specialized Training Programs-was instituted In April 19*^3^ under 
authority of the Selective Service Act, the advanced phase of the R.O.T.C. vas 
discontinued for the period of the war to make place for the programs descrlhed 
in the next section. 

Army Specialized Training Program . -The following statement from the 1943-lt.lj. 

2 

Register explains in some detail the operation of the advanced-training program 

sul)Btituted for the R.O.T.C: 

"The University of Illinois has two Units operating under the Commandant for 
administration and military training. The Specialized Training and Reclassification 
Unit (star) which recoivos oniiSted ..men .who arc ' candidatoo for the .progr.'am, 'test^ 
them and claoDlf ies them for their proper place in the program, rejects those not 
qualified, and' transfers, -under direction of the War Doportraent, the successful 
candidates to institutions where vacancies exist. The regular A.S.T.P. Unit covers 
the fields of engineering and languages. The "basic engineering is essentially the 
same as the freshman and sophomore work; the advanced ei^ineerlng corresponds to 
the Junior and senior work. The Areas and Languages courses correspond to junior 
and senior work for men who are fluent In a foreign language. There is also a sec- 
tion which corresponds to graduate work "both in engineering and language." 

Further inf onnation regarding the nature of the special training program, 
although repeating to some extent, is provided in the following excerpt from the 
191+3-1^4 Register: 

"An Army Specialized Training, Assignment, and Reclassification Center (STAR) 
was opened at the University in April, 19*^3- This program is designed to teat the 
ahillty and knowledge of Army trainees who have previously passed a preliminary 
screening test, and to direct them into those curricula In the Army Specialized 
Training Program (ASTP) for which they are "best prepared. They have already 
received their hasic military training. After throe days of testing, the trainees 
needing them are given refresher courses in mathematics, physics, and chemistry. 
Those possessing the necessary qualifications are then sent to appropriate ASTP 
schools for further training. Soldiers in the STAR unit are quartered in Newman 
Hall and messed at the Ice Rink. 

"During the summer, fall, and winter of 19^3, th© University had one of the 
largest ASTP units in the country, with an enrollment of 3 ^3^3 students on the 

Urtana campus during the peak period of Novemher, 19*^3 The purpose of 

this program was to provide a continuous and accelerated flow of high-grade tech-- 
nicians and specialists needed hy The Army in fields where the output of its own 
training schools was Instifflcient in extent or character. Curricula and course 
materials were prescrlhed hy the Army, and Army officers handled the administra^ 
tive and military phases of the program. The men were housed in fraternities and 
ate in the Ice Rink, which was converted ty the University into a mess hall. 
Instruction was given liy the regular faculty in University classrooms. The ASTP 
term was a twelve-week period with an interval of one week "between terms. The 
numhor of terms varied according to curricula, and the program was divided into 
two phases — "basic and advanced. A snail nianber of students with tirainlng equiva- 
lent to or "beyond t he scope of the ASTP was also "being -pre-pored in a, special ad- 

1. In Fetruary, MS, a Joint committee of the Army, Navy, and the U.S.War Manpower 
CommisBlon designated the University of Illinois as one of the institutions for the 
training of engineers and other specialists in the Army and Navy College Programs. 

2. Page 220. * 



lobiut ^'rl^i^ll ItrrtjA r.: \y:<^;:.: ■.:■■. iL ei::;'/".:i.-XSO'X'^' 2ai "i .^rl' ::••:■;' lo' n-. to -yrr^ :l:- i^j'-.: 

anw .O.T.O.ff orfc!" ^ eafliiq fococYJbx; add- ^d"oA eoXvrcoS evi^ot-Xaa oA+ lo v.J-liorid-XRs 
ijocflnoQoJi 3xar!isoic[ oxf* lot aoiUq ©ifiW o* iflir ad* lo ioJ:rfoqf orf.+ t^J i^.yn*'^+fn>oatIj 

010VOO itfrrXT .^.T.P-.A TrtfTOfyr •-■■rrp ^-iriiixs') ecton^opv fvr^^rfv q.-rnf •+?;■+! -tent o.-^ 

^n.r ■ ■ .\ - ■ . . - . . . . ^^^,jj, ^^^., . . . 

-jj-B f oaxij ar oTOXiT .os-.-, :'T: r at &: \r micf 10 i 3iic».- • 

".•aSfiJ^'ii'-t -feni' 3n.' . .: A&od ^l-iv. ocJ- tj.5noc[q©T.'.'..- 

iJHiS'sSO'riT sna-riB-xd- Iiv?:ocrra ^.d± ^.o jtu&^a ori* sniX)ifl8oi no t^xicrxolni lo.-ld-ij/i 

odd- &V.O& o& Lor. BiffS .^i' ■ ' -^f 

y.liCiitsuLle'xq -■ : ._ ^-. ;■ -- --.ri , ;r 1.. „ . . ■ ■ •/ 

i>o2iI.oJ:ooq8 -^pnA oti& at .oxx.'r ■ - o&at nioxij jo-v'-iii- oj bru; . 

eosatntt od& .^i&Qoi ^o BX"^b .'^latn'i-^' 

.v-xjj-aictodo fiixc ,ao.f.ttvrfa ^cc';^ aoBT;joo ': 

^TTPA .>cti5.:'Xqo'xq:(iii od dxtoo .Tl..: - ',:.nol1iL:u^: -. . -, 

n-'xiwoK iii. b'^'so&irup etc. &hxu ilft-rB odJ nJt anoiiiXoB . gnx-ai^i'scj ion.; 

.5lCtJ:a cool cri.t *.: . 

fjdd lo one ficd TidlwiBvinU odd- ,r4QI "io ia*niw tot- ^IL'.I ^-xonaura odd- sni'tt.'G" 
edd- rxo .3*iTo6;;d-a £8c^t; 'to JneniCXo'ino Wi :i&hr ^^tmsoo adi ut q&Isus ^:'^ ■ : 

to epQOTf/q; sxJT P^^JX ^lecfoevoW 1x) Jbol-soq 3£no<i odd- gnliwij ajj 

-doed" el)B'JS-dsid "io woit ^o^+r"ToXo'>:>,n l>n.M r)«oi"'f*f»'--« r* "'fcHr^f- '^+ p;'v ••: 

nwo ail to d-ucrd"x;o s^dd" t' rxJ- ■vpi;\ .. 

-•md'einiinfij.t odd- JboXfj^xv rA Iwxc ,.j..:' - - 

bna p.Qt&hvto&i:-L'i nl £.-.ax,' :>d7 .xrw^soicj odd- sc BOB.qdq -(cx^jd-i.'. 

.XXi<d BQoni i3 o.t.T' \. ;.+ xf ,?»'=. ■*'r''Vnr(.'> '?'-^«' d-^^rHr .?fT'-?T ^rl 
TPSA siCT .aniooiBD 
©ifT .niaisd- rrnrv 
od-nl JB&^ivii:- a/.-w ; .. -,.;,„.:, . 

-evixrpQ sxih-iifitd- d-M /,Xan»j A .ieooo-vii: • 



727 

vanced curriculum corresponding to graduate work. 

"The •TOrtt load of the ASTP trainee Included approximately 59 hours of super- 
vised activity a week. A mlnlnum of 2*; hours was spent In the classroooi with 2U 
hours of eui»6rvlBwi study, five hoars of nilltcpy instruction, and six hootfe" of' 
physical training. This strenuous program ccrapresaed a year and a half of college 
work Into nine months, Studying in the "basic phase on the Hrhana campus wore 
pramedlcal, predental, and general engineering students. The preiedlcal and 
predental work followed the usual course plan of those fields; in general engineer- 
ing It Included Bnglish, history, geography, mathematics, physics, chemistry, and 
engineering drawing. In the advanced phase men were assigned to curricula in 
premedical, predental, and foreign area and language studies, and to civil, 
mechanical, electrical, and sanitary engineering. Special advanced curricula were 
administered in engineering and in language and foreign area studies. The social, 
political, and economic condltlonB, and the historical "background of approximately 
fifteen different foreign areas were studle&.at the Hniverslty. Some soldlor- 
students concentrated particularly on language, while others divided their atten- 
tion "between language and area studies. French, Spanish, German, and Italian 
were the principal languages tau^t J however, other languages were taken "by many of 
the special advanced group. "^ 

ASTP (Curricula.- The several engineering curricula provided for the ASTP are in- 
dicated in the following outlines. The terms ran frcm July 12 to October 30, 19^3 J 
from November 8, 19^*3 to January 29, 19^4; from February 7, to April 29, 19*^; 
from May 8 to July 29, 19W»J frcm August 7 to Octohor 2fi, 19Wn from Noveniber 6, 
19lA, to January 27, 19^*51 and from January 8 to March 31, 19^3* 
AEMX" SPECIALIZED TRAINING PROGRAM 



Subject 



Mathematics 

Physics 

Chemistry. 

English 

History 

Geography 

Military 

Physical Training 



OTRRICULUM BE-1 






BASIC PHASE ENGINKEiBING 




Tern 1 








Toro Credits 


Total Cwtact Hours PftJP Voo1e_ 






Class 


•Lab^patox 


6 




6 





5 




h 


3 


3 




3 





3 




3 





3 




3 





2 




2 





1 2/3 
2 


■ 






i 


25 2/3 


21 


Ik 



Term 2 



MathenatloB 5 

n Annual Register, 191^3-^, Pages 8l,82. 



:>a'- 



'■• -^'S/v erf* 'to f ., 



"-AT oricf r 



-al 01C Tra/l orf* •I.'^t J6oJ>t-r'.^it aix'DiTiifo snl-xooiit^c ■ . -^I.i.-.^liTjj ri 'Wi f. 

c-?ia }«jjOTifi/ajo 






y 



h 



hi/fiO rrr.'i 



yr^c^.fn ' 



!i:\i ^< 



lOii/MOil^^*! 



.sfiti« .5r,ijx^<i ^-»J4-e4iej; ^Trd-ais'-^" i^'i^^T* r 



728 



Phyelcs 
Chemistry 

BlgllBh 

History- 
Geography 
MUltary 
Physical Training 


I 

2 
2 
2 

1 
2 


2/3 






U 
3 
2 
2 
2 






3 

3 



- 



i 




23" 


2/3 


18 


17 






Term 3 










MathenatloB 

Physics 

Engineering Dravlng 

Qigllsh 

History 

Geography 

Military 

Physical Training 


5 

2 
2 
2 
2 

1 
_2. 


2/3 






5 



2 
2 
2 







3 
6 




1 




21 


2/3 


15 


20 




ADVANCED PHASE 










CT3ERICULA" 


U/aiJd kA 2 








CIVIL, ELBDTRICAL, 


AND MECHANICAL MGINEERING 










Tom k 


A 








Suhject 






Tern Credits 




Total Contact 
Hours Per Week 


Mathematics 
Physics 

Engineering Dravlng 
Military 
Physical Training 








10 

7 

1 

1 2/3 
2 




Class 
10 

5 






Lah. 

6 
3 

i 






21 2/3 


15 


20 



Torm kA vas provided for the large number of trainees vho vera not ahle to 

proceed at once vlth Term h of the Advanced Phase Civil, Electrical; and Mechanical 

Qiglneerlng curricula, having "been estahlished as refresher inotruction for some 

•vho had heen in practice an3. as an opportunity for thoeo to naice up engineering 

dravlng vho had not taken it in college. 

ADVANCED PHASE 
CURRICULUM CE t 
CIVIL ENGINEEEtENG 



m 



01 

c 

^ 

^ 0__ 

03 "X 



9 



£\S fiS 



£ :TSiiiT 







OHIffiEm'TM vIAOIHAHOEy. OKA ^jrAbi?:i'a^.J2 ^jttic 









£\Fl5" 






.u^ollco iit it fteisd- d-o.t lisrt m^Mf ^r'.hra'sJb 
.1 ao >rJJl73IH3D0 



729 



Term k 



Sulrject 



Term Credits 



Mathematlce 

Mechanics 

Surveying (Elementary) 

Elements of Electrical Engineering 

ffijglneering Dravlng Structural 

Drafting 
Military 
Physical Training 



1/3 



2/3 



Strength of Materials 
Materials Testing Laboratory 
Stress Analysis 
Fuild Mechanics 
Surveying (Advanced) 
Internal Combustion Engines 
Military 
Physical Training 



Structural Design 

Water Supply and Satrerago 

Transportation 

Foundations 

Higinoerlng Dravlng Topographic 

Drafting 
Military 
Physical Training 



1 
1 
2 

'WTJT 

Tern 5 



2/3 

Tern 6 

5 

k 
k 
h 



2/3 



Subject 



Mathematics 

Plane and Topographic Surveying 

and Mapping 
Aerial mapping 
Military 
Physical Training 



1 
1 
2 

-^r-2/3 

SDRVEnKG 
CUHRICnLUM AE-S2 

Tern k 

Term Credits 

5 



7 2/3 
h 1/3 
1 2/3 

_2 ^ 

20 2/3 



Total Contact Hours 
a veefc 



Class 
5 
6 
2 

k 







17 



13 



Laboratory 


h 
k 

3 

5 

6 

22 



k 








3 


2 


3 


k 





2 


3 


3 


3 





5 





6 


15 ■ 


23 


1^ 


3 


3 


3 


3 


3 


3 


3 





3 





5 





6 



"26- 



Total Contact Hours per Week 
Class Laboratory 
5 



13 23 

The ohjectives of the curriculum are to give the trainee a vorklng know- 
ledge of the principles and methods of surveying, the use of surveying in- 
struments, topographic napping, sad nap conetioictlon, con5)ilatlon and 



etrroH ioat. 


t'^O XcihoT 


rced-j.-iT:ofc-.: 




2lO: 




4 




I 













CI 



4S ffl-SOT 



£V: t 



E\I 4I2 



:'.-coT 



^^^^..-x,. ^;. 



.■>iij;a»ii. 



Oj'rfj;c'r..o.r,-:,T nnfv.TiG 



TieeW log aiflfoH ioctaciO- Ind\ 



4 n'lol!.' 

• i ■ ' 






•J BQVid'OCi 



730 
Interpretation, and to prepare the trainee for the application of those principles 
and msthodB to the prohlomB involved in artillery congjlacement and elnple firing 
con5)utatlon8 baoed on military maps aixd aerial photographs, and to the prohleme 
of military engineering." 

CDERICULtJM SE 1 
SANITARY HTGINEEEinG 
Term 7 



Subject 


Toxm Credits 


Total contact Hoars 






per 


Week 






Class 


Laboratory 


Treatment of Water 


U 


3 


3 


Sewage Treatment and Disposal 


k 


3 


3 


Hydrolog}' and Drainage 


3 


3 





Sanitary Bacteriology 


3 , 


2 


3 


Sanitary Chemistry 


3 1/3 


2 


1* 


General Sanitation 


3 


3 





Military 


1 2/3 





5 


Physical Training 


2 





6 




2k 


16 


2k 




Term 8 






Pari sit ology 


3 1/3 


2 


k 


Sanitary Conference 


2 


2 





Advanced Sanitation 


k 


k 





Epidenology 


3 , 


3 





Advanced Sanitary Laboratory 


3 1/3 


2 


k 


Advanced Sanitary Bacteriology 


3 1/3 


2 


k 


Inspection Trip 


2/3 





2 


Military 


1 2/3 





I 


Physical Training 


2 





6 




23 1/3 


15 


25 



The above curriculun was "propored to provide personnel with some background 
in sanltory engineering to ouporviso sanitation and sanitation construction in 

Army camps." 

ADVANCED PHASE 
CURRICULUM EEL 
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 



Subject 



Mathematics 
Mechanics 



Term k 
Term Credits 



Total Contact Hours per 
Week 
Class Laboratory 

5 

6 



aolctlonl-xg eao.^* Jn a-^lcJ'.ioIIqrtiB odd- i^'i r .^Lctc* oil* otaqetq orf i;--;i ,nc":Jr.*oiq«xo*rtf 
ac-'IcfcjcT t''lic^ od" f^ne i^dqsitQfiiodq Xt^ ,:••:; r:7Sjv;!-iIln into boQ3iJ tmoli'BiUfg.Too 



ioz 



BtL'OH oOBCfaOO X/jd'OT 


:;d-JL5o'sD irxo^i; . . 




X'f.'i^iat' 


3{C9W 

ocfaJ 


19? 


■■■•.■■■ '•■ '■■"■-" 




c 
c 

>- 



i 




t 

s 

S 











F. 


f 


■ - ' '■• 



?\o 



Saial^iT 



4 2 

£ cc;;lo^> 

4 ■ :!•■■• ■ 

F 

2 • q- . 

? :.v- .^ 

al noid-nyrd-Qfloo noiJ-cd-iftcQ J&xio noloVj-tln ir rrilvioqi-.; o* 5nttoonl3f:<.' Tr.' ;-trcc»3 



"" •: . : TCU3 rvit-* 



731 



Electrical Measurements 
Electric and Magnetic Phenomena 
Shop Practice 
Military 
Physical Training 



Electric Circuits 
Engineering Mathenatics 
Strength of Materials 
Materials Testing Latoratory 
Dlrect-Cuirrent Machinery 
Military 
Physical Training 



2 

>na 6 
1 

1 2/3 
2 



5 







6 
3 
3 

I 


23 2/3 


i6 


23 


Term 5 






7 

I 

1 
k 

1 2/3 
2 


5 
3 
k 

3 



15 


6 



3 
3 

i 


22 2/3 


23 


Coomunicatlons Specialists 






Term 6 







Electronics and Associated Circuits, 

Theory and Lah. 7 
Electric Circuits - Transients 3 
Electric Circuits - Dietrlhuted Constants3 
Alternating-Current Machinery 6 

Military 1 

Physical Training 2 

22 2/3 



2/3 



5 
2 
3 
5 


15 



Tern 7 



Hl^ Frequency and Ultra-High Fre- 






quency Circuits 




b 




Communication Netvorko 




k 




Seznro-Mechanlsm and Control Devices 


k 




Badlatlon and Propagation 




3 




Military 




i 


2/3 


Physical Training 




2 






22 


2/3 




Pover Specialists 



6 
3 
3 
3 




15 



6 
3 
3 



5 

6 

23 



Tom 6 



Alternating-Current Machinery 
Electronics and Associated Circuito, 

Theory and Laboratory 
Electric Circuits - Tronolonts 
Thomodynanl c a 
Military 
Physical Training 



7 
3 

5 

1 

__2 

23 2/3 



2/3 



. .■V1--'.,.r-.-.-V -',, .. ;. -. V 



e\2 1 V-- -ii^-i 

2 -^nin-JiJrff L^oiQV^ 






.ad-ico*^*- . . Mn Eolaoiitoo.r ■ 






T^r?2 



nn!:rriT.'33? 



?vilnJ- /:Tr 1 :: 2 i :. :. \ "' 



' iVJ'AiIiiocM d-rccTtwO"?^.': j-Br-iect-r. 



732 



Tern 7 



Altomating-Current Machinery 5 3 6 

Servo-mechanism and Control Devices k 3 3 

Internal Com'bustlon Engines 6 '. 6 

Internal Combustion Lahoratory 1 I/3 k 

Electric Power lEranomisslon 3 3 

Military 1 2/3 5 

Phyeical Training 2 6_ 

~2r 



23 


15 


AWANCED PHASE 




CURRICULUM ME 1 




MECHANICAL ENGiWEJiHiWG 




Term k 




Tern Credits 


Total ( 




Class 


5 
6 


5 
6 


^/3 

2 

1 2/3 

2 


5 







Subject Tern Credits Total Contact Hours Per Week 

Lahoratory 

Mathematics 5 5 

Mechanics 6 6 

Thermodynamics 5 5 

Engineering Dravlng 1 I/3 k 

Shop Practice 2 6 

Military 1 2/3 5 

Physical Training 2 6 

« "ir~ 21 

Tern 5 

Strength of Materials U k 

Materials Testing Lahosratory 1 

Internal Combustion Engines 6 6 

Mechanical Lahoratory 1 

Kinenatlca h 3 

Metallography and Heat Treatment k k 

Military 1 2/3 

Physical Training 2 

23 2/3 17 

Tern 6 

Mechanical Vihratlon 3 3 

Machine Design 5 3 6 

Fluid Mechanics h l^ 

Internal Combustion Ehglno Lahoratory 1 I/3 h 

Elements of Electrical Engineering 5 I/3 U ^ 

Military 1 2/3 5 

Physical Training 2 6 

22 1/3 11+ 25 

ADVANCED PHASE 
TIEM 9A FOR GERADUATE ENGINEIES 

Because of differences in preparation, no f omai curriculum was provided "by 

the Army for Tom 9A to "bo token ty trainees who had already received their 



srr 



z t 

4 ■■: i^\I : 



, r ■ . 



-' a 

c, c! aolxt. 

^ ooi- 

C t\2 I yr.--' 



ilCidi 






•t^ 




f: 


r 


: 





a 


o 


e 





I 


£ 


e 


4 





4^ 


4i 


c.^ 





£\S I 


'3 




VI 


2 


t>3 


r\y PS 









h 













4 . 




v" ■ 


jl ■ 


l' 




? 






d 


J 




c:^ 


~: r " ■ ■ 








733 

bacoalalauroato dogrooe In engineering. The Amy did specify, however, that the 
work should include a review of college nathenatlcs through integral calculus, a 
review of the college work in physics, and a denonstratlon of the applications of 
raathomatics and physics to engineering protlens. 

ASTP Enrollnents . - As previously stated, the ASTP "began here with a total en- 
rollment of ahout 1,750 trainees for the different phases of work on the Urhana 
caripus. The nunher reached a peak of around 3,1|00 In November, 19^3 > hut declined t 
to a total of about 2,60O in March, 19Wf. On March 27, however, the quota was re- 
duced to U50 following a sudden annoimcenent "by the U.S. War Department of its 
decision reached during the preceding February to reduce the size of the college 
training program by three-foio'ths. Even this number was gradually reduced, for on 
March 28 there were only 325 and on May 12, 119, practically all of the trainees 
having left for service duties. The Skating Rink was vacated and the fraternity 
houses were all turned back to tholr owners within a few months. No -reason was 
given for this action of the War Department, but it was due, no doubt In part at 
least, to the inability cf the Amy to secure its complete quota of men for 
active duty at the front. In the fall, though, the number was again increased 
somewhat, -this time to U75,-and in January, 19^5, to 700. 

The total number of enrollees registered in Engineering in the ASTP for the 
several terms is indicated in Table XIV. The total for the term beginning on 
July 12, 1943, was l,599j on November 8, 19^3, 2,0.89; on February 7, 19^1;, 1,706; 
on May 8, 19J^■1^, 68; on August 7, 19^+^+, 10; on November 6, 19UU,27; and on Febnxary 
5, 19^5^ 26. The breakdown la shown to some extent in the table. 

TABLE XXV . - REGISTR/iTION IN /iSTP CURRICULA ENGINEERING, WORLD WAR II 

TERM 
PSRIOD CURRICULA 123^AU5678 9A Tot- 

al 

1438 62 "^ 1500 



July 12 


BE 


to 




Octoijer 30 


kA 


1943 


CE 



SE 



B ^airluoXsD Xfii^'.dTii ilsx/orrfi noi-jc^od^ian osolloo l-o voivet c ohaloat blurr'-^. x'tow 
lo QnoiidTsoilg^iB oxi* ^o noictBi^cnonoB c J&oo ^aofaicriq at 5l*xow esolloo orf* to woiv<yx 

eoscr-iU orf* no 3I10V "io ooai^riq &n'^i'.'Yith odi •so'i ouenici* O^T,! d-xxo-Je. "ic d-nsmXIot 
' i.atlorjl) *i.':r .f4l^I ji&<fnovcK ril 00i^£ l»m;.nn tc 2lno(j .-:• f)&rfoBoi Ttranon orfT .Di;qric:o 

egaCIoo Ci{(t lo osiH orW ooifI:>on o* x^i^irxtScI grrlLoooiq orii" snl-xylj bodocfys. nolaloai 

<J-B JiBcr at :^cf^;o.5 on ,-^jjjJ) nrjw &.l &ud ^dronjiisgoO: X'^W oilt ^o iiot&os'. nlri^ ic'^ .T'^'r^ 

fieia^otoni nlnsi? anw icdhyn eiid- .risirnrid- ^Ili^T: .-.ild- al .d-noi^ odd- d-a x'^^^ ovid-oxs 
.OOT o;t ,$4^X ^-ct^rn-'T. nl IifU?-<^Tti o* oJSJtd- aldc^-^c^r.dvo^oa 
edj- let TUS^; '■dJ- nl Bfil-x-onlSfJS ni Ssnccfaisrn soiIXcttf.^ !to •sodhorrt Xrid-o* edT 

.10 sninalaed" xrxo* cd& io^ I;5d-od- K.fT -'^Ta jlr/.-T ai fjoitijoli^rtj: ni Qr.nci X/sieven 
iSO^^X ,449X ,.T v'r-:rB«B'R[ no ;oeo^£ ,£4lQl ^8 •xodb-^voK no {Qv^Ct- sw ,£4ex ,SX ^IjxT; 
■-^vindo'^ no fin.' ;TS^4-'4pi ,d it.cfncvoW no jOX ^^'.^-ei ^y cf,-2nsi:;A nc '^B^ 

.oXcfj-J --dt ni &nr>ixv onoo oc* rtv-odc oT jwcMjoiX (.ifT .c_. ^^^QI ȣ 

■ '-'T ..e 8 T ^ c' ■^5 a4 • e s I /ultJOIflaar- • 'r.-iH-l 

lo 

00?X ■ ""■■ c:b R£4l ??~ Si'lilwL 

o<t 

/.V ' ■ TOtfoioO 



731^ 



PERIOD 



CURRICULA 1 

ME 
9A(Grad) 



IfA 



9A Total 



99 



^ 



2522- 



November 8 
19J^3 to 
January 29 
19^^ 



BE 
4A(Ce 

(EE 

(ME 

CE 

S 

SE 

EE 

m 

9A(Grad) 

Total 



39^ 1182 177 



i^3 
l^5 



39 



26 



56 



"39S 25J^ 590 



1753 
k3 
k2 

39 
26 

k2 
56 



February 7 

to 
April 29 
19hh 



BE 

(CE 
1|.A(EE 

(Mo 

CE 

AE-S 

SE 

EE 

ME 

9A(Grad) 

Total 



26 22 



11 






6 






kQ 


30 


26 




76 


32 




27 


3h 



28 



3h 29 



37 



1210 

11 

6 

i^8 
26 
78 
63 
136 
61 

12 



May 8 to 
July 29, 
191*1^ 


BE 15 

SE 

Total 


2k 


29 


39 


August 7 to 
October 28, 


BE 
Total 


10 




10 


19^1^ 


10 


November 6 
191^1^ to 
January 27 


SE 
Total 




27 


27 


19^^? 


27 


February 5 to 
April 28,1945 


SE 
Total 




26 


26 
26 



Navy Training Propyans.- Several, training progrons carried on under authority of 
the U. S. Navy, iamee '^moti effect at the Unlvorolty during World War II. These 
are descrlTsed "briefly in the follovlng oectlono. 

School for Navy Signalnon.- In May, 19^2, atnut 8OO non wore assigned to the 
University as trainees for the School of Navy Signalmen. They vero housed in the 
Men' 8 Old Gynnasiim and the Gynnasiun Annex, - the Annex having heon enlorged to 
some extent to make provision for them, -and vere meoeed in the Illli 1 Union "Ball 






3 
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01 :•"• ^f;^ 

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'ii-> Tjd-liorfd-wn -n^fMiir no BoItox; .<iiai-'jcaoic[ giilirlJi'xcJ- CjiiOToa -.aiJolROil ?ytJ:n-tCTT . YV . p t'i' 

.II •2.5','' SJlrj^V snl-i/j^ 'cJ-io'SorlnU ori* ir. *oo1tlo rroocf Grr.rf ^xycX. .8 .U .-'rf.-* 

.Qfioxcroeo ^ti^olLoJ ; rl* fll ■^I'itiiid iocriioaeJS fjia 

PC)- i)e8'X':..u7.o noocf 8fil:v.",rf x^xinA r.'rfd- - ^xcna\ rvi'Ji::nai^ c.K* Jbaa rujiaonnriO £10 o 'n-^M 



735 

Room. Some time later, the number vas increased to 900 and still later to 
1,000, and was maintained at that level until the s\n!im0r of 19^1f, after 
"Which the enrollment vas gradually reduced until the school vas discontinued 
In October of that year. The length of the instructional period for each 
contingent vas sexteen veelcs. Since the Navy provided its ovn instructional 
staff, and no port of the vork aas administered Tsy the College of Engineering, 
the details of their training program are not Included here. The enrollees 
did, however, use some of the engineering ■buildings for recitation purposes. 
School for Diesel-Engine Operators.- In July, 19'<-2, there vas hegun a School 
for Diesel-Engine Operators that continued through elght-vook terms until 
Octo'ber, 19^*^. The training exercises vero all conducted In a special lab- 
oratory set up for the purpose in West Hall of the Memorial Stadivmi. The 
details of Instruction are not included here "because the vork vas all 
administered hy Navy personnel. The School had a quota of ahout 700 enrollees, 
and operated vith approximately that number from the "beginning. The fire xmits 
of the Men's Residence Halls vero token over to provide hmxsing and messing 
facilities for the trainees. 
School for Dieool-Engine Officers.- A courso entitled "Theory and Practice 

of Diesel-Engine Operation" vas given from September Ik, 19^2, to Fe"bruary 

Univoraity 
13, 19^3, under the ESMWT program administered "by the yfectension Division. 

Some details of the plan for training the 1+50 enrolled officers in three 

clasGO are given under Engineering Extension in Chapter XXIV. 

Y-I . "y-5 . and "7-7 Collogo Fx'o/ ^ramo . - Students enlisted as reservists in the 

"V-I Class, those in the "V"-*? class in aviation, and those in the "7-7 class 

taking engineering training vero allovod to continue here at the University 

for a time in their rospoctivo classroom commltmonts until they wore placed 

on active duty as apprentice ooomon, at vhich time they were transferred to the 

Y - 12 classification to continue in an accelerated program until they had 

coEipletod their college training. 



o& ieJi»I llt&B baa OOC o& boQi^eioai ni?w lodhun od& t*ro*flI -v-nid- one a .rr)oH 

lo*l'.- ^4*4^1 T» tefrciyt; srf* Ll&ais I?Y6.I jfarf* d-fl f>onjtiJC<-n!rc r.ci^T Mr. ^OCv" , £ 

ieunid-nooaii) a.'.v Ioo;Io3 r.iJd- Ii*ni; J&&vi,'Jioi ^IlisxiBcrjs '"xjw d-mATlIonrie orW rfolrfw 

rioae tol iolica Xjznold-orrxc^oni orfcf lo riip,aoI ©idT .lae^ J-cKi "io icdo^oO at 

. ■. tiioeaigrJT 'i'? otjelloO odi ^(i b'.^ts&v tn'x^^i r^} ri-sow ■: :li 'iO .fi-'xr on b:ui ."il.^^a 
e:.i?IXo'2ne orlT .eieri bt.'bnloni *on onn nrcrjofq s^lniai;*- ttoA* lo ellfl^efi ori* 

; r orlr.3 nimed e£W oterf* ,S-tlQX ^-^sltrL rxl -.oToJ-.B-fcf.fO onlgyfl-Ipcp^q: tot IrorfoB 

-inL latz-qa a al bo&ni:bn.o'i ILn ctov a'rcloioxtJ j>fifnJtBicJ oxlT .W^X ^todTo^oO 

cf{T .HUlisd-a X;?.licrreM orfd^ lo XI;'E *ocW cil cccfra.'q; orf;^ ipT: <iir cS-cn ■^*t'^*£io 

IXfi 3f5vr Tinow orfJ- oeuxsocd" oiorf bdfiirXoni *oii tic ;iol3T)t«cJ-ani ^c aXl:cd-of> 

.aeeXIoirto OCT tr-joda lo i'-loup is bRA XooiioO o.-fp .XofitiOGio^ 7.v.'jH x<i bofsiBinii^bR 

3itiiiDe£i furta snlawod iivoiq; o.J' "rc^vo ri'.'iJt:!* oicv aiXiaH ooncLiGoH c'noM ^-rlJ to 

eoiJoi'TTT Mb -liiooil;!'' bold-lte.. oQiiioo ;-. -...,. .'^"^I- O •jntn.' ^-It.'n oia got Xoorf oS 
\nstrxd"icx od- ^2^5QI ,4x nedticd-q- S nTil ncvis orv "noid-fliogO oni:5)rf5-Xt^G--jia to 

ooTriJ' U.L ■niooi'JliQK^cJiXoirTO 0<;tJ orf* gn-hiixirrf' 'xo'i nDX<i od* 1c wXiccJ'ci) 'jjrtoci 

.Trxx 'le^gcrfD ni noIaitc^aS anlioc.iiTinS ac'f)nif rrovij) cic qoccXo 

orf* ni sctaivsouoi bc X(o:tufX-T: c*na&w*3 j . ^caag.-gvnyq: cr .oXXoO T-T Jbrm ,^-V ,I-V 

no.'iXo y-7 orf* sxl oaodJ- Mfi ^noi*oiv.o nl ooaXo ?'-Y erf* ai ooorf* ,qsoIO I-V 

lid-lB'iovXrtU '.cid- iz ofAi oi/xilcl-noo o.t l>owoIX-'5 oiov gnlxiijoid- arttioonijy'o sniJlis* 

BcoBlq oiev ■sccr?:*' I?-:tiu; a.+n'-'rEtJtaraoo noortnaaXo ovXd'ooqtJOT ilorfJ' ci ^•^l::^ b fo't 

orit od ioTiolciicx* OICV •^orf* onlo doJ:dv *.-? ^nonf.^oa untinaqqa on. \iuh r)-7tioti no 

■ ''" ' ■'■!■ '■•':?; nr-i^oicr Jbod-nicXooo.i fio nl ooaiitnca o-t nol&izottiznsLo SX - V 

•Ijfiltxi.si'tt cQoXXoo tlosii boioLqaoo 



736 
Training; Program V-12.- Tho pvo^ose of tho Kavy Colloge Training Program, 
7-12, was "to prepare officer matorlal for the various ■branches of the Naval, 
Mea-ine, and Coast Guard services, Including aviation cadets, engineer and 
dock officers, engineer spocialists, medical and dental officers, supply Corps 
officers." 

Like the AST? In the Amy, candidates were selected "by tho Havy officers 
and not through the usual University channels. As one moans for acconpllshlng 
this end , there was scheduled for April 2, 19^3, a nation-wide competitive 
examination "by the Army and Navy on a voluntary 'baolD for men graduates of 
high schools and preparatory schools of the country. Of tho 316,000 men 
taking the aocamlnation and from the 123,000 of ■trtiom expressed their preference 
for the Navy, 17,000 were selected for tho class "beginning ahout July 1, 19^3- 
In addition, 10,000 men selected "by their companding officers from hlghschool 
graduates already enlisted in tho Nayy, were assigned to the V-12 program. 
Furthermore, those students grouped in the V-1, V-5, and V-7 classification 
were transferred to the V-12 class. Of all these groups, a quota of U50 was 
assigned to the University of Illinois for their training programs. This 

number was later reduced so that "by tho end of 19^^+, there were 336 enrolled 
here. These men under TJ. S. Navy discipline, wore housed and mossed in the 
men's and women's roDldenco halls on tho coiapuo, under terms of lease from 
the Navy, and were Instructed hy membors of the University staff. Within the 
limits of their availahle time, they wore allowed to participate in extra- 
curricular activitioD includii g college athletics, on the same ■basis as 
civilian students. Those men were not only provided hy the Government with 
room and study facilities including "books and equipment, meals, and uniforms, 
"but also were givon $50 a monl-h pay. The length of time the trainees remained 

here was doteirmined "by their curricula -vdiich were prescrihod hy the Navy and 
hased on the amotmt of tirevious t raining on the College level. 

1. After November 15, 19^1^, these men were all housed in the Men's Besidence 
Halls and tho Women's hallo were returned to tho University. 



(fin-xsot^ 3ni:il.<3'JT oaoIIoO r,vr-VI orf* 1o (uoqTitq o.fT -.al- V rt siy^ortl : nn]:rcJ:/3r;T 
^Lixrr'T offrf ^o fjudonu-.'rcr aJTox-x^JV mt tcl Intioien loolllo oingotq^ o&" azw ^SI-7 

:.T-Ov/ v.[q-.-ru3 ^G'svoil'io l:\facl) f>an Ixioi^or: ,ad-!:;.tIj(3io-(Ts •xcvr:ij>a\; ,'i'x. jii'ilc >i-?' ii 

arr'.:c!?T:'io -jv^II or.& Y,fl' f>o<}-!3':;Ioc; ciow aoij^ix^rtco ,\;tl\ erf* ni TT'SA oxj.i ..>!iJ 
5CTirIaiI<Ti!o&as 10 '1 ensorj cno qA .Qlcnrn;rfo Tt^tiatoviaU L-jj^j:; orf* risxroiil^ *on J&.t 

1x5 QCcJ'si.'Sino ^-'H ^rol iiinaif vri^Jr^rlov b nc "^iiTl baa yyrrtA odf \,S ivct&sakaaxf^ 
iton OOO^blZ odf JO .xrjjT^roo 'jd& ^c> sloorfoa Y/zoiDt'j:[otq lor Q/.r>or{os tfelrf 

.£*'QX ,1 ■^luL-.twod'n s-'iiJ'iniSPrf ccic^Io cdJ- to^ bf-}o^,lori oiow COO^yi t^rnl! :rit tat 

I'^ciohi'^I-.r jao'i:1 2"x<<C'i^'io o^iiifinnaoo •3:K•d^^ •\c<f Jbcd-ooIoB noii 000,OX ^noitlbbsi cil 

.CTc-'X3o'xq[ 121-V edJ- rt Jbcnjitcaj: oiov ./oi-M odi at Becfollnv \;fij3cilr. a^'T::f/Jf)ci9 

ai^v 0.^4 "lo s+offp .' .ni^on;\ c:;GffJ- IXt "JO .n^.i^ln SX-V erfl ocj- ficnelanmc* snow 

iisXI^Tite ^£j; ev-xGw oioxtd ,+J4QX lo .ono ori* y/S trdt oa i)00f;L3'i nal-^X f.srir irjrftain 

3rfd- ai ioBQQn bnsi bo^aotl oiov »c^iXq-lor3i.5 i<;vsJI .3 .TJ noJiiiu nen ssodT .oirsff 

nont'oceoX In anrtod' loi^-r;; .owoaoo osif no cXXM oonej^toot Q'norsow bnz a 'nor 

orld- nlrf*ivr .t^n*-: ^taToviriU crt* 'to oi'-rfcron -^ff ijocJ-crfrtn.-if ;.':c3v J5a.^ ^^cvaH orfJ- 

-jyt&xo nl o*.cqiol:ii3q; o* fi-^woXXp oiow Ajr-rf* ,c«iit oXcfoXinvr •x^•J;^d^ to ottntl 

nn QtBad 6ct?e oii& no ^noid-cXrltn oroIXoo ', r ■' Rflont tioLftvl&o.- xxCu-jiTuro 

rTJ-fV itnonniovoO orW' s^ff rr.Jjfvoiq '.cXnr (J-orr ciov rroa oQorfT . oc^.loJji;d•3 nx;iXlv.'-o 

^sCTio^Xnw bos ^uLr-ct: t.+irin^iirpv. j'jn.-: n?roctf ^nXbysloal tjoltilloc"*: vfiuic baa siocx 

buaiBtaet coaniflrcf od& c^iJ- ^ /{*j>ael oiJT .\:r!q rf-.'non .o 0^$ in.-via ctov oe.Lc. d->;.i 

baa yiysfA erf* -\^d" J&t'rfiiynoii o-xct? rfoJtrfw iiXx/oiTtf/c 'x.srfd- \;J bi.cr.lczT,^vb -^a-w -:•:'..'•' 
• XcvoX ogoXfoO eK« no y^g.tatr.*cj-^ ajjolv o- scr ^o ufurcgic orfd r:o f^osjjcf 

oonofjlBoH o'noM odt nt b03ssc:'. XXr. otcw iion cm ■/& ^H'$l ^?X tocfrrovoH tt^tVi .1 



737 

V-12 Curricula." Curricula asslgnod to tho Unlvarsity of JUlnole Included 

aviation 
prograns for /cadets; civil engineer corps; engineer Bpecialiets relating to 

steam and intemal-coribuation englneo, electric power and electric corainunlcation; 
and medical and dental students. The cxirriculua for aviation cadets was only 
two terms in length; that for the others was eight terms,- each term "being six- 
teen weeks In length. The text-books used wore those ordinarily prescribed in 
civilian courses of tho some content, the instructional wort "being given by 
members of the University staff. The usual number of q.uizzes and a final ex- 
amination were given to aid the instructors in making up the tonn grades. 
University credit wns given tho sane as in civilian training to those who passed 
their courses. 

These curricular programs ore outlined on the following pages. These 
curricula for medical and dental students are not included because the College 
of Qiginoering had no reoponGibillty for their adninistration. The one in 
electric conmunlcation is omitted also, because there were no students assigned 
to It. 

A - V (N) A7IATI0N CMDIDATES 
FIRST COLLEGE YEAR 

Subject 

Mathematical Analysis I or III, II or'lV 

English I -II 

Historical Background of Present World 

War I -II 
Physics I-II 

Engineering Drawing and Doscrip'':lve Geom. 
Naval Organization I-II 

Physical Training 



Periods per Week^ 
1st Term 


2nd Term 


5 !5) 
3 (3) 


5 (5) 
3 (3) 


2 (2) 
h (6) 
2 (6) 
1 (1) 


17 (23) 


17 (23) 


2 (6) 


2 (6) 


19 (29) 


19 (29) 



1. Figures in poranthosls Indicate the contact hours per week in classroom and 
laboratory. Figures outside of paranthocis indicate the number of meetings per 
week In classroom and laboratory. 



•.■•.t3oiiux:tro3.olid'o«Io I)ni3 lowc-j oirt-toolo ^ncrxlTjad aol&v.udaoo'^L^ri'ietn'r. ban mae&'=. 
itJ. Ii3d"lio3e-iq; y.Iii.-'-niMo oaorfd" c-x&w Jboou arfoocT-d'xod- trlT .ri*sael nf 53l&ov need' 
.'■aeiinji .ftreo^t erf* qx; grilTi'fM r:l sif«:?-0irxd'3xil odt fij-.:: o;^ novia oiov noIc}--.ini:.ir» 
oaoifT .v^o^w gfliwcllol -jrfjf no bonlLtssc c-tn attr.iQoiq: iiiXifol'i'XJjo cscnT 

0ET.'\iII3PL\O :iOIT.'.IVA (k) V - A 



^-■rli-rr^ 









a\aY EOSJ.tOO 


jMoT I)n5 


V-o 










(?) 

(1) 






5 
s 

I 






I 


ct^r 


vx 


VI 




s 




i€rr~ 





II- 1 KuttanS 

•I- 1 li^V 

II-I BOtGVf? 



^iatntl! IsiotE-^^fil 






738 



CBC-V(S) CIVIL MGINEHR COEPG CANDIDATES 
FIRST COLLIDE YEAR 
(Sane as Aviation Candidates) 
SBCOra) COLLB&E YEAR 



Sulsject 

Calculus 1, II 

Chemistry la-Ila and Englnoering Materials 

Analytical Mechanics 

Surveying - Plane and Geodetic 

Waval History and Elenentary Strategy 

Psychology I - General 



Physical Training 



3rd 
k 
k 

3 
3 
J- 



Periods per week 
Term 
(h) 
(6) 

(7) 
(3) 
C3) 



17 (23J 



19 



(29T 



I^th Term 

h ih) 

h (6) 

5 (5)^ 

5 (U) 



l8 (2^) 

_2(6I 
20 (32) 



Thermodynamic 8 la and Heat Power la 
Electrical Engineering I, II 
Strength of Materials I 
Materials Laboratory I 
Fluid Mechanics 
Curves and Earthwork 
Structures I, II, III 



Physical Training 



THIRD COLLEGE YEAR 

5th Tern 

3 (3) 

3 (5) 

3 (3) 



3 (5) 

-5 bL. 

I7 (23T 
2 .^6) 



6th Term 



(5) 
(5) 

(7) 
(5) 

[10) 



19 



18 (32) 

2 (6) 

■20 (38) 



Fourth College Year 



Structures Iv, V 

Sanitary Engineering 

Water Supply 

Contracts and Specif icatlona 

Soil Mechanics 

Technical Reports 

Airport Design 

Industrial Organization 

Highway Engineering 

Economics of Engineering I, II 



Physical Training 





Periods per Week 






rt.h 


Term 


8th 


Term 


5 


(9) 


5 


<9) 






3 


(5) 


3 


(5) 










2 


(2) 


3 


(5) 
(2) 






2 







"19 (29) 



21 



w 



3 
3 


n 


2 


(2) 


18 


(26) 


2 


(6) 



20 (32 



(T) Z 








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JojlduQ 


"loT n-J-4 , 


:3no'r 


r-r-' 




:;i) 4 


(4;. 


4 


II ,1 n.u.rur.I.i'D 


kO ;■ 


("■) 


-! 


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j' .■■ > ::< 






so-'cTu^rfosM 


(ii) ^ 






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f .^ ; 


> 


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-Ir 


f 


Ixiion'-O - X ^nloria^e'T 


(bs) 9i 


YI 




:3) s 


(5) 


2 


hnlai.::-^ 1/33 {axiH 


(>:0 -^ 


TcoT 


^i 





(?) £ '-^ • II ,1 - - ■ - 



T 






(01 > ^ ^ {\ - III (II ^I aorttf.+ojnj: 



^^) s 




(S) 3 


(^£) 02 


fesr Qi 






l-v-Y csollr 




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7~b 02 ^-^e"^^ ^s 



739 



E - V(S),A - T(s), - T(s) aiglneer Specialist Candidates 

• Mechanical - Steam and Internal CombuBtlon Ehglnes 
FIRST COLLBSE YEAR 
(See Aviation Candidates) 
SBCOHD COIIiHJE YEAR 



Subject 



Calculus I, n 

Chemistry la- Ila, and Engineering Materials 

Analytical Mechanics I, II 

Economics I-H, Principles cf 

Naval History and ELemontary Strategy 

Kinematics 

Psychology I _ 



Periods per veek 



physical Mucatlon 



THIRD COLLBSE 



Thermodynamics I and Heat Pover 
Electrical Engineering I, II 
Strength of Materials I 
Materials Lalsoratory I 
Machine Design 
Fluid Mechanics 
Mechanical Processes 
Mechanics of Machinery 



Physical Training 



3rd Term 

YEAR19 C25) 
5th Term 
5 (5) 

3 (3) 

3 (5) 

3 (3) 

iS (22) ' 



^ (£ 

20 (28, 



FOURTH COLLBSE YEAR 



Heat Pover H, IH 

Naval Machinery 

Metallurgy 

j:ndustrlal Organization 

Aerodynamics 

Refrigeration 

Mechanical Design I, II 

Electron Tu"bes and Circuits la-IIa 

Contracts and Specifications 

Physical Training 



Tth Term 

2 (h) 

3 (5 
3 (3) 



3 
2 

l5 (30) 

2a (36 



Uth Term 

k h) 

h 6 
5 (5) 
3 (3) 

2 (U) 



iff- 

2 


^fe 


20 


W 


6th 


Term 


5 
1^ 


n 


3 


(7) 


3 


(5) 


2 


(5) 


iS 


(32) 


2 


(6) 


20 


(38) 


8th Term 
5 (9) 


3 
3 
3 
2 


(3 


2 


Ji 


i8 

2 


28 
(6 



2« (3^^) 



RfflY SCSJJCO TajII'5 
5KSY siE JJCO ®IO!]SE 





ieew 


T'q a£oiio1 




, cfocf^cfnB 


cnoT ilH 




HTcT bti 




m 4 




\^ 


4 


II ^I QXfXyoXnO 


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4 


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\C/ 








n tl jolnrr'o'i: lar..' 


(.^:) ^ 




iO 


£ 


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(82} OQ 




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(r:^ £ 








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ooQOcoorrI L..:.Ls.^ix. M. 


2£) 61 








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cll-3l ad-twr-iiO fwra riod"«T nciJfooiS 


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•;r:-L:?-^'xT -t.^'irriTlil? 


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(6£) 


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iko 



E - V(S), A - V(S), - V(S) ENGIKEEE SPECIALIST CAWDIDATES 

Electrical - Power 

FIRST COLLEGE YEAR 

(See Aviation Candidates) 

SECOND COLLEGE YEAR 



Sub.lect 



Periods per week 
3rd Term 



Calculus I, II, III 

Chemistry la-IIa, and Engineering Materials 

Analytical Mechanics I, II 

Economics I-II, Principles of 

Naval History and Elementary Strategy 

Electricity and Magnetism 

Physical Training 



ih) 
(6) 

(3) 
(3) 



19 (27) 



Uth 


Term 


6 
k 
5 
3 


(6) 
(6) 
(5) 
(3) 


IB 
2 


(20) 
(6) 


20 


(26) 



THIRD COLLEGE YEAR 



Electric and Magnetic Circuits I-II 
D. C. Machinery end. Storage Batteries 
Thermodynajalcs la and Heat Power la 
Strength of Materials I 
Materials Laboratory la 
Kinematics 
Fluid Mechanics 
Electrical Measurements 

Physical Training 



5th Term 
5 (9) 



3 (3) 
3 (3) 

2 (k) 

18 (28) 

2 (6) 

"20~T35T 



6th Term 



(9) 
(9) 
(5) 

(5) 



18 (32) 

2 (6) 

20 (3^ 



FOURTH COLLEGE YEAR 



7th Term 



Elective 

Electron Tutes and Circuits I-II 

Alternating-Current Machinery I 

Electrical Design I 

Electrical Engineering Latoratory 

Naval Machinery 

Contracts and Specifications 

Psychology I - General 

Industrial Organization 

Mechanical Processes 

Machine Design 

Physical Training 



(H) 
(7) 



(2) 

(3) 
(3) 



-iHii 

2 (6) 
20 (30) 



8th 


Term 


3 


(3) 


1^ 


(6) 


3 


(7) 


3 


(5) 


2 


W 



3 (3) 



18 (28) 
2 (6) 



26 {3h) 



EjrTAOTcniAn Taii.Ma'^Ta ssjiwioik (a)v - o ,t3)Y - a ^{?.)y - a 

nnoT f)i£ 

';'•) 4i III ,11 ,1 8/;IJt/ol30 

(rf) '^' ■:.-'• •--•!■'; r- ::t;; 3ni3rtS bar ,.oII-jr."^ ->•-.-:- f^^.,.c;, 

II ,1 aoinarfoeK 
(£) 'to BelqlofiiiT: ,11-: 

(f) f; . ^../'iv+a vta^fnanelS' M^ vio+ci!! ,L'v -^tl 

U9) TX 

iinteT rW-? 

■'.I lewoT Jr.eH 

I .._.■-. .'..;■ . ...... - ■; 

bI x^oictodnJ. 3X;j.fi:t'^M 

'.J-xieiftsii/sosM IcoJt's^foe.CK 

wr " -^^ ' 

{3£) 05 ■''-^' 



ansT 


ff;^4 


(0) 

(e) 


4 


7^4 


2 


(5lT 


OS 


(e) •:: 

(c) 8 











(J?) 


OS 




FJ&Y a-CFT. 


LTCD 


]^?mn 


"'V','7 








(T) 


; 







(3) 41 (il) s iv-I Q&LsJS'itO bnr. QO'fj. 

(T) t I nsieaa .^ 

(?) c v-vrod-.TSocfj^J sntteonisriH Xs-o^iJ-osiif 

5noi:cfaoilxoe.crR Jbii 
Ist&noO - 1 . 



"l^sy^ir 



'.■1; ) ^.c; ■ Toty 



7Ul 

V-12 Enrollments . - The total registration of V-12 students in the different 
ciirrlcula for the several terms is shovn in Tahle XXVI. For the term "beginning on 
July 2, 19l^3, it was ^37; on Octoher 29, 19^3, ^13; on March 3, 19^^, ^20; on July 3 
19*1^, ^27; on November 2, 19UU, 323; on March 2, 19i^5, 292; ejid on July 2, 19^5, 222. 
The "breakdovn of figures is shown to some extent in the tahle. 

TABLE XXVI - REGISTRATION IN V-12 CURRICULA , ENGINEERING, WORLD WAR II 



TIEMS U-8 inclusive 
Terms 
PPRIOD CURRICULUM 1-3, Incl. Aero A.E. Cer. 



Min. 
and 







1 


2 


J_ 


Eng. 


Ch.E Eng.CE 


EE 


PrE ME 


Met 


Phys 


Total 


July 2 to : Av. Cad.; : 


: 




















October 23: CE 


t 1 






















19it3 : ME 


























: EE 


























: Adv^ 


























Total 
























^^7. 


November 1: 


Av Cad 


hi: 


90 




















I3i^ 


191^3 to : 


CE 


























February : . 


ME 


























26, 19i^Ji : 


EE 

Adv. 

Total 
























279 
iH3 


March 6 to- 


Av. Cad 


5B 


35" 




















113 


June 2k, 


CE 






25' 


















25 


19Ult 


ME 
EE 
Adv. 
Total 






33' 
29* 


















33 
29 
220 




1.20 


July 3 to 


Av Cad 


12 


"er 




















73 


October 25 


CE 






6 


















6 


19hk 


ME 

EE 






12 
28 


















12 
28 




Adv 










38 


8 


6k 


66 


9 i 92 


.9 ■ 


23 


308 




Total 


















: 






k21 


November 2 


Av. Cad 


3 


•12 




















15 


I9i^4 to 


CE 






22 


















22 


February 


ME 






17 


















17 


21, 19iv5 


EE 


: 




9 


















9 




Adv. 
Total 


: 






: 1 


27 


: 2 


65 


77 

: 


6 ': 60 


1 


21 


260 




'J2±_ 


March 2 to 


Av. Cad 


. 10 


~ 




















11 


k Juno 20 


EE 






•1 


















1 


' 19i^5 


ME 




: 2 


















2 




• Adv 

• Total 








: 1 


22 


: 2 


88 


:71 


3 ': 71 


1 


19 . 


278 




^292. 


July 2 to 


: NROTC 
: Adv. 2 
• Total 


: 1 


^ 


:9 


5«^ 






^3h 








> X 


ko 


October 20 








: 1 


9 




•70 


-hi 


: ': k-^ 




k 


176 


19J^5 


•222 




syond Term 3 










1. Those Enrolled b 






2. Those 


Enrolled b 


eyon 


d T 


erm 


5 



















Oil. ■ : Bjneiifvre i>j.- v 'to ftcia't- ; iuicx .i.O'irLi. •^x- _v' 

no i^nJLfinis . * ,v/, - • ;r io''I .IVXX sld'.'jT ni nwor'.r. ?;.: ;;.::'f.J .^ -v. v -.-ij ict r.Iifo lliwc 



louloal 8-4 .SMSn- 






a« 






arjjitoi;d5ijo aoia'i^ 




QQ 



055 



"037 



__LiilL 




"I 


XL. : I : 


esf 


: : 


r <• 





i^ 



4d :8 •: e> 



/V; 



:4- ov 



X 



' ^r.D 


.vA 


: o(f C 


■.r: '• 




30 


:es -0 






m 








.Lit: 


1 




: hoO 


vA 


:1 tfH:- 






20 


: oj- 


'■' ;-'- 




KM 


: : Y'^''iJ^""-£<^s"' 




LifS 


: mi. 


,0: 




vf)A 






: I. 


-.ioT 







Jj-0 



vA 






f>r;D .vA 



■" pT055II 



02 1 






After the war, the V-12 program was discontinued and in its place was substituted 
the Naval Reserve Officers' Training Corps curriculum. The chajige was made on July 
1, 19^5, although the program was not officially installed until November 1 following. 
One hundred thirty seven new trainees, one hundred twenty-nine having heen sent here 
from other stations and eight from the local naval unit, and one hundred sixty-three 
V-12 men were enrolled in this new curriculum. This curriculmn is described in a 
later chapter. 

War-Time Extension Service in Engineering Education- - I n the early part ef World 
War II, an instructional program designated as Engineering, Science, and Mana.gement 
War Training was Inaugurated at the University which "became a prominent factor in 
wartime education for workers not enrolled in Canrpus courses. The following statement 
concerning this work is taken from the 19*^3-^^ issue of the V^jinual Register: 

"To help the industries of Illinois in meeting their urgent need for trained 
workers, extramural courses in many phases of engineering, science, ajid uianagement 
are conducted by the University of Illinois in cooperation with the United States 
Office of Education. These courses, now being given in 3h different conBamltles 
of the state, arc taught by faculty members drawn chiefly from the College of 
Engineering and by qualified engineers or other specialists in the industries. Their 
purpose is to prepare men and women for new positions in the war industries and to 
give additional training to those already employed in such work. The total enroll- 
ment in these courses is now close to seventeen thousand. Y 

This program is described in some detail at the end of the next chapter which 
is entitled University Extension in Engineering. 



1. Page 80 



betsji l&ndt-p. H.3W :•:.. -is beiJiJl&aotyQ'tb bow cicTBOiij 21- V odi ^i.2v erf* rto&t^ 

\LijT, no ebsm qjsw aBoerio eriT" .uiifluoiTUfO stptoO anlnlfliT 'aneoll^ eirtoBsff InvaM ori 

^^TiMi .tnua mtiscr srtJ-v.-'.ri onJLa-''cd"i2ow* boiSausd ano ^BDorflBi* won nevea Vniil^ fjeifjauK .-; 

irfJ-itd-iiB i)6'iiifixjri Qiio bnr> ^ttnii JlBvan X'lool. erfcf raoit &ifsxr, om; anoi*.'r:jQ iorf.+ . . 

D at fierfixossf) ai f-Minnlitiro stsfS ■mluot'i'wo won oj^ric^ al bollorste onov nara SI-' 

/aoraos-'sxisM lints ■, oomioa ^sntif-cnisnU as JiaJ -jiigJiBfjf) ms'jsoiq Sr^ol^ou^&snl. iig <II t 
rti- "xod-oal drt^i.'iliao'iq a ocbo'- <f rioi/fw v.d-JtaisvfnU jri* Ar, ijuifiiogirjant aijw snlntfltT i. 
JflOffleJad'e gniwoXIol: sirfT '.bobii/oo auqctO ni btllo-uto ion atsTftow 'lo't noi&aouSie essHi-' 

JE)onifind^ lot \6oen d-njgii; lifjrf^ SatJ-sein nl ato/tMII lo sttttauha:: i>d& rri 
tmjrc-jafaieiji ban ^eonsloa (Sntiesnisno Tro cosBriir -iti-^ct at aoeraroo lunimr.'ijx . 
':. j.-.ta i&cttnJ -iiJ^ rfd-iw iioii-^.-ietfooo nl aioirlXil to -v^d-iEiBVfnU eif* x<^ beiouhiv 
■oid-fiiyiEsoo tnetft)11if) ii? at rtovjts anl&d" von ..aeoTMOo oaerfT •noiJ'iioyfiS ^ oolt'j- 
io sgeXIoO erf* saoiJ xlloirto nwj^;^!!! atodinon ijct.u.'OiS'i -"^d" i-rigufld- oao ^ 
-iie.lT .nr.it'jri-Buint arfi ni B&QtL<t'J3qQ leii.+o -xo atGt-nJsns J^oJfiilrjjp x<J bnr 
oi baa'QQli&RVbat tmr odi ni aciotitaoq wsn io1 neotow i>ni3 uon otaqoiq o^' 
-Xloine Xs*oi .-rfr .Mtow rfoua n!; fig-^oXqne xA^^'^iX.e soorid- ocf anlffiBTC* XBno.*#tMv 
': . ImKaworii- nea^nsvee o* aaoXo wore af. aeaiiioo e^j 
&e Itr.&Qb 9iMoa nl JbsrftisaQi) ai ssisrssor 



08 eri. 



chapter xxiv 
toutersity extension in engineering 

Gonoral.- Since 191^, the University of Illinois has given attention to 
engineering-extension activities and services that have included conferences and 
short courses, institutes, correspondence courses, extramural courses, defense 
training, visual instruction, and so on. These are, in part, described in the 
remainder of this chapter. 

A. ENGINEERING CONFERENCES AND SHORT COURSES 
General . - The College of Eaglneering in common with other colleges of the Univ- 
ersity has sought to extend its services to the public by offering on the campus 
short courses of instruction most of which are open to all interested without fee 
or educational restriction. Some of these are described in some detail below. 

This feature of College activity is concerned, for the most part, vith 
adults who hold more or less responsible positions in some phase of industrial 
enterprise in their several communities. "Eho scheduled programs for the various 
sessions, which may last from one day to two weeks in length, include4 lectures 
on specific topics, discussions and conferences on individual and special problems, 
and laboratory exercises of peculiar interest to the particular group at hand. 
In addition to the educational value these meetings afford, they provide splendid 
opportunities for acquaintB,iice*lp among those engaged in a common industry There 
is little doubt but that the exchange of experience and opinion that takes place 
at such meetings between individuals and groups outside the scheduled periods, is 
worth as much as, and possibly more than, the knowledge gained from the formal 
programs . 

Highway Short Course.- The first short coiirse sponsored by the College of 
Engineering was the two-weeks' session in Highway Engineering held at the Univ- 
ersity from January 19 to January 31, 191^, under the auspices of the Department 
of Civil Engineering, In cooperation with the State Division of HighwB,ys. The 
occasion for this innovation was the fact that during the preceding year the . 
General Assembly had passed the Tlce Law completely reorganizing the care and 



id^*a xievts ^^^ aloalL'T *^c vt^':•t"^-" rf:' -'lOI eont8 _:• . .r^^Tta^n 

-Ju/msiJxe .,aoaiwoo tionofinofjBoTioo ^Bod■ifd■Wa^f ^aoan 

.neiqar'.- - ■'-' "^ . ■''■"' -' 

i:?:3BU00 TSDH.^. OTA SKOKIJETr^'^ "^ vT ''rr^'-T""" .: 
LToo i©ri<^o if&tw xroxranoo n - ■ I- riaaeO 

suqt!- lilftTto Tjcf oUcf;j'c[ oti. : a B*i: tos^xe. o;t WsxioB Bsri Y^t-'^' 

...iji-.; ii^iua-roO-ni lifi oi noqc o'us iiciriw ":o d-son noi.^ojrc*enJt to bostudo iioris 
v ivd" lL;id-?6 oiaoB n( Jbecfl-xoBtX) oie osericf 'Jo scioC .acttot.t&aat Xiino** '■' ■-' 
rf*hf t'^ifq <^siora eiid- •so'i ,Jf>e;r.ieo«oo bI \;i:-Vi*5/:' :.r:JIc" 1o siw^sel 
I?.!i.-!a';6--i:: "yo oacrlq oiaoa ni Oiio.fcfisoq 'jLS' 'i::o'.rt^iyx '-n blod or - 

5-<)'tisioei Bfe>f>wIorri <rf*ai5oI nl a^faow ovf : '.--.ffl rfoirfw tanole- :: 

Idotq .Latt)&qQ baa Isublvi&al no aoott'Ji-.j'r^.^j ■ j. i; ...jj ■.;ju^ > ,QOl-qod- oMioocje tto 

• fjTWrf J-xi quoTS iBliTottTj'-- rf^ c:^ tG' i.+nl: .Oiiilwooq; 1o aaBicir :, •frt-'x::,-r-..: ';: ; 
!J6rtoXqa eJ&lvoiq i^ori* ,l)ic ,:1* ojsJJnt lenot&BOub: 

-xjifT Tiid-auiwl xionanoo a at fieg^ga© ofjod* 3itoi{ii?gltfe©&aaf.'.^ .ietJicui&toi. . 

■ ay3f.fi.t ;tBrf:^ iioi^qo baa eosxoitoqy^i Iv figxirrfoxe •:;ri* d-.^iiJ ;;~.r J-J'jjc<& eXd-^.'C ;' 

: . , ooiio^ Jialu^jrfoQ orf* obi.3&tJo aqsjois bar altii/ftiv tfinJ: noewiturf agni^aom rfox/u J^ 

';r: goIIoO i>si& X'i Aeioanoqa eatuoo ^torfa d"ail:t ©dT -.QBi/fcO J-tcriS Yg^ria^H 

-vlrzU jrf*. t/' Merf snirreanlsi^ \vewdsiH ;il fioiasi^ 'a:rf9W-owi c-ff;^ a^sw sniloenj'-aflS 

tfnt'ffld-rijqcC erf* ^o aooiqew/? &AA leJ&mr <4lXQl. <X£ YT^^fWJX. o* QX xi2f»-'5"'i no*^ Tc^io*'^'"' 

• r'T . ■ •.-..■rf3.^■^ •:-> notalvIH iji&^ jAi ditv ^^^tTu.'-^o-. -r^ .^nrT-aiJs'^ fJr'n '^ 

I- ari.t }>fttitib &BdS &ost Gi. 



Ikk 



maintenance of the state-aid system of financing the conatruction of highways of 

the State, reorgajiizing the State Highway Department, and providing for the 

appointment of a superintendent of highways for each coun-ty to have charge of the 

road work in that county,- the "beginning of an organized and comprehensive 

system of haid -surface road improvement in the State of Illinois. The University 

thought the proposed short course might he helpful in preparing these county 

officials for their new duties. At the first meeting, there wore registered 63 

of the 66 county superintendents then appointed; and the total attendance was 191 

including many other engineers and contractors. A large and instructive exhibit 

of roadmaking machinery was assembled in the Armory, and much of this equipment 

was operated practically, either in the Armory or on the ad.lacent streets. 

Almost as soon as it was ready to "begin, the Short Course in 1915 was 

a"bandoned at the request of the State Highway Commission on account of the 

epidemic of the foot and mouth disease then prevailing nmong the caittle of the 

State- The second Short Course was held during January 10-22, I916. After 1917 

the meetings were only a woek in length. In 1920, when the entire state corps of 

the State Division of Highway was required to attend, the registration reached 

601. The sessions were held in the Wesley Foundation and Thome.s McDonald, Chief 

of the Bureau of Grood Roads of the Department of Agriculture in Washington, D.C., 

gave the principal address • At the twelf thHighway Short Course held Fe"bruary 

16-20, 1925, Governor L^n Small gave a public address in the University Auditorium. 

The opening meeting of the Short Course in 1928 was also held in the Auditorium' 

when Governor Small again addressed the assembly,- there being about 1,500 persons 

present on that occasion. The registration for that Short Covirse held February 

22- 2i;, was 509 made up as follows: 

County and Township representatives 15O 

State Highway Department and State officers 12U 

University Faculty II8 

Contractors end. materials dealers hi 

Unclassified TO 

Total 509 



..-^'Trri^ro I-,- ■ ^■■■■•sisusQto ite. lo ;,.. -.,(;, ../J •" ^\ixiaoo iBtbt at allow ^coi- 
"^ -.+"+? •?!{* ft? &?"'r**rr'^'r'1- ^•"it ^.r^'^iwa- Irisd Ip ai^c?--.- , ^ 

Fc. b-,^:^:'- . •■f,ii+ lol 3.r.i::ioil'lo 

■''' i^" ■.'.'•- ". .ato&oetiaoc^ S-x^ , -jisz ^ibulorJ 

:'-n»^A f^cif ni .?>-■■ . ".r'^rr.Lrfoaot snWemJJBOT lo 

;..*■) 31*8 i^neo to^crq Jio^aisqo s-v 

f>rf.t to sS&i-r.Q add: j^nojnc gnilf^r/o'i.j, ..:..,. . . - . . -.... .^mI o/id- lo olfflofj';.i; 

;o.- f<: .^•v^ ?*rcr ^cc,_r, r T^.sjr^jr.T, o^^^,,5 M'^'' 5-"W -"PTfoT .tior£3 JEwooeB etSS ei^,i'd 

' TtlflO 819W astiid-oeffl eii* 

..wrigiH ^ xioIaivJ-cr oiB&3 ori* 

!.:i!.r(:i ,: '.: ■■•■rvh ^?-V!'.;:'^ '-rr lio ■:t/j.'j;:;r;.u: ■^; '"• ^^ ■ *r i? M??;? otov artoiaaaa siIT .loS 

. n.cr f ..c^«'■f^r:•- ■',; n .tuc^ljioitirv^ to inetiJ-ioqfyC erf* lo sp,-oH £ooO 1o yso-xwa erf* lo 

•-^0 tTcrr-^ Y "'■'■* "^rff*.C^r4 r.f{;j- ,+A .aao'X&Jba laqioatiq erf* evas 

'nuliojiii! .m sainego orTT 

' J-.;-o-': :-.u"-.'i' .'ivii-- ^\^ .:■• ;i,l":;.:- -CI/.:'c: TorwevoO «exfw- 

• •!{ '^n-r-;-.-' .wc.fi'-: ,-Nv' '<•■■' :■'' .f-^!-!' V. tr::!* no *neeei<T 

oe aav »4£ ■ .: 

^, ■■ .r -•-,.-,, :■:• V:-.,- ■ ■..:'f■.:^B 



This llBt does not include students registered in the University. This number 
had never been exceeded any year except in 1920 when the attendance reached the 
601 previously stated. 

There was no Short Courae scheduled for 1933 on account of changes in the 
personnel of the Highway Department at Springfield and on account of the vincertain- 
tloB and the financial situation . That was the only omission between I916 and 
1935. 

From the beginning of these short coiirses, the Department of Civil Engineering 
had the fullest and most cordial cooperation of the State Highway Commission and its 
successor, the Division of Highways of the State Department of Public Works. 

From the first, the character of the progr.Tms varied from time to time to meet 
the ever-changing conditions of road building and administration in the State. 
Throughout the years, the object was to provide an opportunity for the highway 
builders and administrators of the State to get together for mutual apquaintance, to 
discuss the many problems that confronted them, and to gain the latest and best 
information pertinent to their work. The results demonstrated the value of the 
meetings, not only to those attending, but also to the communities or interests 
they represented . 

The Bubjecta considered at the short courses included highway-system planning, 
taxation, notor-vehicle licenses, policing, safety, road surfaces, foundations and 
foundation soils, roadside development, methods of handling snow, highway 
structures, highway-research problems, traffic surveys, road laws, and so on. 

Except for the few occasions previously mentioned, the sessions were held in 
the assembly room, 219 Ebgineering lall, until 1929, when the Electirical Engineering 
^ Assembly room was completed. After that time, the general meetings were held in it. 
Professor C C Wiley was in direct charge of the progrejns for the Department of 
Civil Engineering here. The attendance averaged well over 366. No. fee of any 
kind was charged for those registering for these short courses. Beginning in 1936 
the nature of the work was changed somewhat as described in the next article. 



oasbaeits odt nerfw 02QI ai. ic • .'? bsitisoxs noecT -i-tv-a i-^ 

yrfd- ni aegoBifo Tb d-iujoooi^ nc ££?X "xot fifjiKfeeriaa eeiwoO i'toAB on acw sietfi"- 
-ai.'iiJ'ioonu arid- T:o iruioooa no JEtfu-; .blei.'tiiftltqS, &fi taoBi&'ta<ie<l 'xswiSsiE nAi lo lennoaT- 
r->!xe ctlQI noovd-ocT nolu^hac- vItc oil*- aow *Bifr . aot&mflrla Xjaiooartil ori* fwa: aoli 

_,.' - -. --. _Jv^;j •.,. Jna'iuTDqoG ....- ,.- ..._... ., .. .. ..^- . j.;-.,u. 

• asCioW oliiifi to in.&eiitr,qz^ od-sd-S oxfcf "ic a-^t^wrf3^H ^q notalTia oif* ^-JOr; 
■ jofli od aflttd- o* QtalJ- ssotl Jboiinv. swiftT^oicr arid" 1o lodontsrio erid" ^deill erii aioi^ 

. jd-3d8 srfd- ni noicrsid'Blniiiif'>£' Jbofj ^pJbltud bnot to anc^d-ihnoo sn-t8-^-"^'""'i©v& o;!. 
\>5Wi!alri arid- loT: Tcd-inud-ioqqo riii eiilvonq od- arw d-oottfcs c>rid- ,o-jr.oTc arid- .dj30XfeiJ0ti( 
: tQomsdnl-^rwpoc Lnuiuix: "Sot loridTigod- dag od- od'sd'3 eri* 1o aiod'.'!i*e!niittf)a fiof. aicf'f '•• 
d-iv. d" i)fU3 dsod-jil orid nc.is cd hrt-^ ^Marfd Jbodfloilnoo d-nri* BxaeXdbiKi ■yprusoi ©ri* r. ; 
orf:t to c-isLm ©rid fiGd-.^-xd-qnoiaol) ad-JJias'r 
5i:t3sit.'dTE.l 10 Boidxfonanioo ori* o* oaXs di'vf ^;^:.2ui^.:-\tj2 jhciIj oj \Isi-i ?,-;: ^uj:;; 

.^IniTBlq ffled-3\;B--/;f5Wrisfri bebisLztai aeaiwoo d-xorfa orid *ii fjui-5jblBnoo.r,+oo'f;:;r: -f^ 
i)fri: Biictd-^JMiwol ,Bb0xjl:nif9 hoot ^%i^t^& ^sciloiXo^ ,866X19011 oloJtriev— 10*: . 
V'^wrivsiri iVO^ip sni IfuT.ff "?'. Bboridem td-aowqoIivvoS &3iaL.ooi ^alto-. 
• no oa Jino i3w;-.r i:,aoi ^»3\;c*Tn:uH on^-^id" ^artolrfoiq rinine3«n-i{^ft8iri ^L,-ii/j .-/u 
nJ- I'.'ori 01&V 9noJ:8sc)a arid ^^t^noid-nair yJ^.ajJo':vo'iq- anolaaooo wel orid '-'i +- ->•' 
,T":: n rj---: I;3ol**o&IS ©rid ncrfw ,v2SQX Xi^m; ,XXaa snliowniada ^XS ,!•. 

-'iXorf eiew Bgai'*39m Xi3iQno8 srfd- ,oorJti d-fliH" noitlA . Jied'oXgnwo a.RW oiooi tXritaeao 
"to jnaindir.cr£<cr exfcJ- tot saoprtsotq arid" to ^ax-j/f' 
..ir. "io est .oil .68F 'i^vr ..'Xew iiP^fli^v.T oooibiiuj-ij; .rir .i-x;.i :. ; 

f'c^i. riJ: snioafgoff .s-^pxjo-:/ .ftoria ^'florid icI gntlfid-BJ-Sel taorf* 10^ 1. .- . • ;..;; 

jJoidii: jxen erid nl" X^cf^-xoB&Jb a.? di:.fwrjiKoa JEtogrtnrfo b.gw :{iow erf;^ "fo .-'•Urdfifl f ri • 



■jkS 

Conf erence on Hlghvay Engin eering. -The present name, Conference on Highway Engineer- 
ring, vao adopted in 1935; and oincelhat time, the programs have "been only three 
days in length. Conferences have hoen held each year except 19^5 when no meeting 
was scheduled "because of an order from the Director of War Mohilization banning 
such gatherings in view of war-time transportation and other economic conditions. 
The sessions have "been held as formerly, in the latter part of February or early 
March, under the auspicos of the Department of Civil Engineering in cooperation 
with the Illinois Division of Highways and the Illinois Association of County Super- 
intendents of Highways. The conferences have "been open without fee to anyone in- 
terested in any way in the improvement of roads and streets in the State. The 
normal attendance has consisted of state, county, city, and local engineers and 
officials; road and street contractors; material and equipment dealers; and 
University instructors and students. 

Professor C. C. Wiley has represented the interests of the yhiversity 
in preparing the programs and directing the meetings as he did for the short 
courses previously given. The general meetings have "been held in the Electrical 
Engineering Assembly with attendance averaging well over UOO. Analysis of repre- 
sentation for 1937 and 1938 is given below: 

Highway Conference Attendance 1937 1938 

Illinois Division of Highways 

County Superintendents of Highways 

County and Township Officers i 

City Engineers and Officials 

Contractors and material men 

Faculty 

Students 

Miscellaneous 

Total 
Illinois Traffic Engineer in£^ Conference.- An Illinois Traffic Engineering Confer- 
ence was held during February ll-lU, 19^1, having been sponsored by the Itepartment 
of Civil Engineering and the Illinois Division of Highways, -Prof essor C. C. Wiley 
representing the Interests of the University. The program was a schedule of 
lectures from 8:30 a.m. to k:30 p.m. each day, with meetings held in 215 Electrical 
Engineering 



13»+ 


139 


67 


67 


60 


69 


10 


26 


92 


98 


12 


19 


k6 


h9 


'kkl 


^- 



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id-iaievtrflj erf* "io u^ooted-n 

iiorfa orf* nol f>J:I> -rf r.r^ a^ntd'eom ■; 
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Building, -the large lecture room in that "building. The Conference, the first of its 
kind ever to he held in this country, was designed to provide a comprehensive review 
of the latest traffic-engineering techniques and results, to permit the exchange of 
ideas and methods, and to aid engineers interested in traffic engineering to "become 
acquainted with one another and with national leaders in the traffic -engineering 
field. 

The suhjocts included traffic surveys, traffic and national defense, legal 
aspects of traffic control, application of signs and markings, railroad grade- 
crossing protection, h\unar "behavior ond limitations, vehicle "behavior and liniltations 
Illinois highway design principles, speed and speed control, the parking problem, 
stroet-intertiection design, and so on. 

One huruftred-seven persons registered for the meetings. 
Surveying Conference. - A two-day Surveying Conference was first scheduled for 
March k and 5, 193^*: and similar conferences were held during the next four years 
under the auspics of the Department of Civil Engineering, with Professor V. H. 
Rayner In immediate charge, and the Illinois Society of Engineers,- coming at the 
end of the same week as the Highway Conference. The attendance ran from 75 to 100 
registrrnte. The suhjects considered at these sessions were those commonly dealt 
with In pland and higher surveying, Including, among others, surveyors' license lavs 
land surveying, aerial surveying, survey controls, stream gaging and hydrographic 
surveying, the land surveyor's lihrary, and legal aspects of surveyor sj plats. 
Drainage Conference . - Three drainage Conferences, the first one on March 8-11, 
1916, the second one on March I3-I5, 1917, and the third one on March I6-I8, 1920, 
were held at the University under the auspices of the Department of Civil Engineer- 
ing, with Professor F. H. Newell, Head of the Department, in charge. Ahout 5O 
persons including engineers, drainage officials, contractors, sanitarians, 
economists, arid public officials from Illinois and neighboring states, attended 
the sessions. The main subjects considered at these conferences included drainage 
surveys, watersheds, the engineering features of drainge, the maintenance of 



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7U8 

drainage works, excavating machinery, the economics of drainage, drainage laws, 
flood control, hond issues for drainage districts, and levee construction, 
Short Course for Firemen.- Tlie short course on Fire Prevention, Control, ejid Ek- 
tinguishment was first given at the Uniteraity during June 16-19, 1925 . While 
this was not a departmental affair, Professor L. H. Provine, Head of the Department 
of Architecture, was ohalrman of the general coEBalttoe in charge of the program and 
Professor C E. Palmer, was director of the short course. Two hundred-nineteen 
were registered for the work. Splendid cooperation was received through the 
State Fire Marshall's office and through the Illinois Firemen's Association. An 
interesting program Including demonstrations, was given hy men well qualified to 
handle the assigned topics. Similar short courses have "been held in June of each 
year since that time. An appropriation of $8,000 was made by the Gteneral Assemlily 
for the construction of a trairJLng tower to he used in connection with the short 
course. The tower was erected in the spring of 1928 on the east side. of Sixth Street 
in Champaign immediately south of the Short Line railroad tracks and used in the 
Short Course in June and other years following. 

Illinois Miners' and Mechanics' Institutes.- The work of these Institutes was 
described under this same heading in the chapter on Mining Engineering and 
Metallurgy and is not repeated here. 

Congress on Labor Problems.- A Congress on Labor Problems Resulting from World 
War I, was held at the University on Febraury II+-16, 1918. The meetings, hold 
under the auspices of the Department of Mining Engineering in cooperation with the 
Illinois Manufacturers' Association, the Illinois Cos.1 Operators' Association, rjii. ti- 
the State Federation of Labor, were addressed by some of the foremost representatives 
of einployers and labor in this section of the country on various phases of pro- 
blems involving the human factor in industry. The list of speakers included Miss 
Agnes Nestor of the Woman-'s Trade Union League; J. W. Dietz, Educational Director 
of the Western Electric Coc^any; Victor Olondor, Secretary of the Illinois State 
Federation of Labor} Charles Piez, President of the Link Belt Company; John P. 
Frey, Editor of the International Iron Moulders Journal; G. C Farnum, Industrial 



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; fol ao Tcd'ieiavlrrU' orf* *.? Merl o'lw ,t i"?W 

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■'■(jBSidq esj ■ \l bae. aia^oXqci^- 1o 

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Ih9 

Phyelcian of the Avery Company of Peoria; Frank Ferrington, President of the Ill- 
inois District of the United Mine Workers; E. C. Richards of "Safety First" feme; 
and Mathew Woll, President of the International Photo-Engravers Union. This series 
of meetings vas 'beneficial not only to the engineers, tut also to other groups on 
the campus as well. 

Short Course on Coal Utilization. - The Short Course on Coal Utilization vas held 
for the first time on July 11-13, 193^, under the auspices of the Department of 
Mining and ''irtallxirgical Engineering. It was offered for the purpose of presenting 
"an oducational program of technical and practical information pertaining to coal 
£Lnd its efficient utiliaation for the "benefit of those engaged in the mining, 
preparing, marketing, and using of coal, and of those interested in the maniifacture 
and distrlhution of machinery used in the preparation and utilization of coal." 
Other sessions were held during July 11-13, 1935; June 9-11, 193^; May 25-27, 1937; 
May 23-25, 1939; and May 21-23, 19^1- The list of attendances, representing reg- 
istrants from as many as eighteen different states, varied from I50 to 325, -those 
attending the second short course for instance "being classified as follows: 

Retailers and Retail Salesman ^k 

Wholesalers and Wholesale Salesmen 66 

Coal Operators and Officials I6 

Fuel Engineers, Coal Services, etc. 23 

Stoker Manufacturers and Salesmen 23 

Other Equipment Manufacturers and Salesmen I3 

Plant Engineers 3 

Association Men k 

Educational and Press 22 

MiscGllaneoue 8 

Total 232 

The suhjects considered at these meetings Included coal analysis, holler 
tests, coal preparation, stokers and stoker coal, heating values, heating loss, 
ash, heating plants, heating equipment, air conditioning, control systems, the 
marketing of coal, smoke elimination, coal sizing, and so on. 

The programs were under the direction of Professor A. C. Callen, H. L. 
Walker, D. R. Mitchell, and H. P. Nicholson. 



fiaa eJrifr .noiaU anovsTjiifi-odorf'r XaaoJt.taa'Xe*cd dd* >- : . %,ro..i<j ^ixoV >? ^ *■' •• • 



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faita lotctaoo ^swinold-itec 



750 



Electric Metermen' s Short Course .- In the spring of 1920, the Illinois Electric 
A8f3ociation suggested that a two weeks' course for metermen "be given "by the 
University for such employees of the electrical utility companies of the State 
as might he sent to take Instruction. The association offered to pay the full 
expenses Incurred "by the University on account of the course. 

Due to the lack of facilities and room, the period set for the course was 
for Monday, June 21, following Comraencement in 1920. The work was placed under 
the direction of Mr A. R Knight, who was assisted "by Professor E. H Waldo and 
Mr. E. A. Eeid. The courses were two weeks long. Nineteen representatives were 
present from the manufacturers and users of electrical equipment throughout the 
country to give instruction. Thirty-four students registered during the first 
week and forty -four during the second. These students were employed hy twenty-iste*: 
three electrical utility companies scattered over the State These men stayed in 
College Hall,- a large student rooming house, privately owned, near the cauipus. 
This gave them a "better opportunity to "become well acquainted and to discuss their 
ccnmon prohlems. 

Lectures followed "by three-hour la'boratory periods were ji»»e given at 8 a.m. 
and at l.p.m. The instruction during the first week was devoted largely to 
fundamental principles and to direct -current meters. Th8.t during the second 
week was on alternating- current meters and to the more advanced pro'blems of 
polyphase metering. At 7 o'clock each evening, «.» the group assembled for 
lectures "by the experts from the manufactirring companies. 

One result of the meetings or conferences was the organization of the 
Illinois Electrical Meterman' s Association. The aim of the Association was to 
give an opportunity for the men'bers to "become "better informed concerning the 
technical pro'blems connected with their work. 

Similar coursee, although only a week in length, wore held from June 13 
to l8, 1921; June 11 to 16, I923; and June 9 to ik, I92U, at which the attendance 
varied between kO and 50 registrants. 



rilXII orf* ,0<2t$I to snitgt: 'osnsieH ■ 

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Tol fislrfineaaje q[K - ^oaootoolc 

•1 :o" , ' T-trd-o.-jlij'iXS:;' 



taee-suoc 



751 

Some changes in methods of procedure were developed for the short covirse given 

during the week of June l6 to 20, 1925- Instruction was arranged for two groups: 

Group A, for men having little experience in meter work; and Group B, for more 

advanced men. Memters of Group A spent most of their time in gaining a knowledge of 

the principles, construction, and testing of watthour meters. Those of Group B 

attended latoratory demonstrations which were followed by thorough discussions of 

the observed behavior of meters, rather than by the method of Individual experiments 

used in previous years. For this coxirse, the emphe.sis was placed on the science 

rather than the art of metering. Eight students registered for Group A course and 

57 for Group B course. 

Similar courses were given during 1927, 1928, 1929, with about 15 students 

registering for the Group A meetings and about 55 for the Group B sessions. 

Beginning in 1930, the short course was given in cooperation with the loading 

power companies of the State. In the ninth short course, hold from June 9 to li^, 

1930, instruction was arranged for two courses, Course I dealing with the principles 

of direct-current and single-phase circuits and meteriiig, and Course II, with 

polyphase circuits and metering. Because of the increasing use of the power factor 

in making rates, more time was devoted to methods of metering reactive Tolt amperes 

than in the past. An optional course dealing with protective relays was offered 

during the lasttwodays. A total of 58 students was registered, of whom 2k took 

Course I and 3^ Course II. Nineteen students in Course II selected the relay option 

The tenth short course, -the last of its kind,- was held June 15-20, 1931, with 

15 registrants in Course I and k6 in Covirsell. 

aiectric Metermen 's Conference .- /ifter a lapse of several years during the 

. depression in -vdiich there were no short courses, it was decided to undertake 

the work again, but on a different basis. Accordingly, on April 19-21, 19^9, an 

Electric Metermen' 3 Conference, as it was called, was held in cooperation with 

several power courpanies in the State. The previous meetings wore held during 

vacation periods, but it seemed advisable to change the time and schedule the 

! Conference at a date when the University was in regular session, because there was 
ll 



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,^1.'- ,.' .-vii .X:i:qA iio < -iiijixii/- . "f) «sxio iij'- 

. -w a8ni:*5era BVcLx^tq orfT ■ .i: '. ' t ^q. . 

6x1* sJLx/J&erioE Mfl soil* odi .agn-'uio o* eXc/BatTAs J&efflt 



752 

little chancQ of getting outside financial aid, as was formerly poesitle, to 
compensate the members of the staff taking part in the instructional work. A 
regi strati on fee of $2 was changed each person attending to cover some of the 
incidental expenses connected with the Conference. The program included lectures, - 
discussions, movies, etc. The total attendance was 8i*-. No conferences have "been 
held, however, since 1939- 

Short Course in Plimibing, Heating, and Hydraulics ■•■ On February 1-3, 1923, a Short 
Course in Plumhing, Heating, and Hydraulics was given hy a comhination of the depart- 
ments of Mechanical Engineering, Municipal and Sanitary Engineering, and Theoreti- 
cal and Applied Mechanics of the University, and the State Water Survey Division. 
There were 102 persons registered for the meeting, mostly master plumhere, with some 
steam fitters, from all sections of the State. The work included lectures, demonstr- 
ations of the action of plumhing equipment under various conditions, and experimental 
illustrations in the Hydraulics LalDoratory and at the experimental Sewage Treatment 
Plant. A second course was given during January 31- Eehruary 2, 192k, with an 
attendance of 201. 

Sew;age Treatment Works Operators' Short Course .- The Sewage Treatment Works Oper- 
ators' Short Course, sponsored hy the State Department of Puhlic Health rj:id the 
Department of Civil Engineering, was first offered d-uring March 6-11, 1939- The 
purpose of the course was to instruct inexperienced operators of the many sewage- 
treatment plants "being installed in the State, Aa much of the work of instruction 
required laboratory facilities for demonstration and practice, attendance at the 
course was restricted to the available laboratory equipment on hand in room 113 
Talbot Laboratory and the ftew Sanitary Engineering Laboratory. 

During this first course, instruction was conducted through a series of 
lectures each morning from 8 o'clock until noon. From 1 to 2 p.m. the period was 
devoted to the general discussion in the presence of the lecturers of the morning. 
The remainder of the day until 5 p.m. was spent in the laboratory under Instruction 
by a member of the State Department of Health. 



-iJ- lo eraoG *i6voo o& ^tibao&te noS'xog xfos& ijogafifo 9j-<w S^ "io ayl noiJ-sid'aiad'j 
,ae>i0*ool b&buloat ae-ssoTcq; erfT . aoneie'taoO ©rfct riiiv fied'ociffioo ooBxieqrxe Xe*r»fc2on: 
neatf ovatf aoonsiolaoo oTI .48 bbw ©ort-jEine^d-e Ic^*o* erfE .3*6 ,3'.'lvoia ^aflol:BF2i;Dat6 

- r i. . - , .^ :. , .- (, . .. .i . . V ,i^ . - xIiJ3i6\:H -Srifl .anlcT.'^oH fjcuttdgmXT gJ : asitf oO cf'iori?. 

.iioljlriCT neTrorS io^^bW o*f.*a erf* brw ^\,tlB•le■rtnXJ odi lo aalnarlooM iieil^crA too Xjbo 

•: rfliw ^Si1&(fpilsLq 't:^dsijs ifici-Boni ^sntd'eHfli eri* no'i ^eiacfaJtsoi anooioa SOX 9'£sv etexiT 

• • '^'-'^ ^so-mioaX |)ei)irXon{: jfiow eriT .etf-rj^a erid Id onoi^ooe XXi< XRorrt ,8ied"*i^ iixr.ojs 

-rr: f>r:- , rfTc f J-|-3aoo aifoi^tov oeXnm/ tosiaqlupt) snldiru/Xq "ta notJoij &A& to Bsioli-i 

nltoqxe erf* *£ Am? ^o^r-iotfaJ eofXij.'jifi^H ^d* n± 8noi:*isi*8ttXX]: 

v.osjjnd'aiff - :]) xxovts. Siiw oeiwoo f»nooete \ fnall 

'■J'T'^V *aa:„.. . ...^ „.... ...;. ....■,:': . ■ . £,'xodT.-x...:fO s: :^ioV JrtoaK tjGiT o^.qyga 

.{d-XaoH oXXcfu*! lo itn!VT?-T""r:T -.t ■■''' - '^'- -f ': _ to jnoac ^tia1J.ro^ d-xoriB ' 3io*^ 

I ^XX-d dotiM gniij;. i2?^ XlviO lo &nosii'i i <r 

• :>.vro8 "iflOH &rf* Ic . ^^, aaocriyq 

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M nJ: banti no ^nesiqiup^ v/ioicsn^ '.: erf* od" be&o±t&3e'i a-w oaiuifor^ 

• -.yioJ-. -rO'f -.1 ani'icysniSTfi ^oc^inafi veft erf* bna xio&Pio<fBJ. *o(fXiJT 

lo BsiooB 2 r^i/o-xfl* X)s*oirJ&floo aair noi*oin*3ni: te.^-tuoo *aiXl aid* sn^ioG 

s ;>' ^ ..f't'iq urf* .ica.q: S o* X won^ .noon Xl*mr tIooXo'o 8 /noil ^Innoa rio.-;© reiy*ooj. 

fJ- "to B'i£>iu*o&X erfd' lo oortoaoiq ad* nl nci.r.r^irviGth Ijsitrios srf* o* J&a*ovoi- 

tobmr ^icd^JiocfAjX yrf* ui +n;'.TS ■::^* r-y ? X.i*m; itflfi srf* In *r'~fjr*"t:-r otT" 

•irged o*s*3 «rf.-? 



753 



The coiorse vas financed "by the payment of a matriculation fee of $10 "by each 
registrant. This money was used in the purchase of hooks for these men and to 
defray, in part, the expenses of the lectirrers. 

A second course was held ahout the saiae time in 19^1, i^nd others have "been 
held each year since then, , the enrollment "being limited to l6 in each ease. The 
suh.jects discussed Included general duties of sewage -treatment works' operators, 
characteristics of sewage, natural purification in streams, operation of screens 
and grit chambers, eodimentation units, rjid use of chemicals in sewage disposal. 

Professor H. E. Br.hhitt has rfepresented the University in the conduct of 

these short covocaeB. 

Water -Treatment Plant Operators.' Short Course.- The Water -Treatmint Plant 

Operators ' Short Course was held for the first time on March k-Q, 19^0, and has 

"been repeated in March;, each ^'ear since. It has "been held under the auspices 

with Professor H. E. Bahhitt in charge, 
of the Department of Civil Engineering,/ in cooperation with the State Department 

of Health. The purpose of the course has been to present information covering some 

fundamentals in chemical and hf.ctoriological control with an explanation of some 

principles and practices in water -treatment plant operation. 

The course has "been conducted as a serids of lectures given dviring the morning 
hours, followed "by a period of discussion, and a daily three-hour period in the 
laaoratory inliie afternoon. A registration fee of $7-50 has been charged to cover 
a portion of the cost of the instruction. 

The subjects considered nt these five-day meetings have Included sanitation, 
purposes ojid problems in Writer treatment, care of distribution systems, geology 
of raw waters, tasto and odor control, chemistry of water treatment, care of 
filters, water softening, sterilization of water supplies, corrosion control, etc. 

Registration has been restricted to those for whom reservations have been 
made through the State Deptjtment of Health, and has been limited to l6. The 

1. Since 19^3, p-H of the facilities have been housed in the new Sanitary 
Eaglneering Laboratory Building. 



. ^ -rot aafoocf T:o e:- 



J j.isqxo erfd- ^t'mq: at ^Y.^'i'\>:.b 






I 



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70 t3ij£noo arid- ni f.-tie-xsvirtU urf-i- fidcfnoe^j'iqdi ■i.oif J-cficfd'cS .ff .H ttoaae'^oi*! 

r 5iil 3xW lolt Morf a.-'w oaiiroO d-iorf3 * aio*-oifcqO 
- -' ■^ - ' - -'-^^TisM ni J&sd-seqon coed" 



a/^'f J&an ^04Q.r ,8-4 rIoT :. 

aaoiqeir^j orfj "xoix'ijj l\- ' --, ^, 

■ J noIJ-JsnTio^J: inaeeTg c4 nood ■ 
ufiToa 1:o noid-.'sn^IcpcQ xis rf*Jtv Xo-Xifnoo laoliaoJ' 

''q *rc9Ci«J'43u'i<t--'x- . 

A'TjoIoos taraed-BTca noi^t-i/cfl'sd-a tfi ^o ooeo ^^noirr.-^ 

'::o oX'JO ^*J:ta^K^s&1C^ let.-sv V.- -'iJ^-:.?-.?^ /f': , ' 

aoecf ov'irl ^notitoirsoGai ffloriw tol ofjori* od fied-oltc'^ 
jriT .SX ot I>ed-iniiX nsod r, rJ /in? .AiUvoE tc ^m ■ 



{OUsT priT .rid-XBsH to 
ijnoffo nl. a£i?*namsJ3m;t 
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7^h 

lecturers have teen secvirGd from among momters of the University staff, parBonnel 
of the State Department of Public Health, and various persons outstanding in 
watervorke practice. 

Ceramics Short Course .- The Ceramics Short Course for clay workers was tegun in 
1912 while the work in ceramics was still heing administered in the College of 
Science. The motive prompting the organization of such a course was the desire to 
serve the interests of the clay workers of the State who had so enthusiastically 
rndi persistently urged the need for the estahlishment of such a department. The 
course lasted two weeks and was given in January of each year until I916, wlen the 
Department was taken over "by the College of Engineering. After that, a short 
course involving clay working and enameling was held every two years, either in 
January or Fehruary, until 193k. This aloo attracted wide attention from men 
interested in the ceramic industries. The attendance, varying from 50 to 70, and 
coming from ten or twelve different states, was made up of men from tgcick, glass, 
enamels, pottery, and other phases of the industry, and consisted of proprietors, 
superintendents, foremen, technical-school graduates, college graduates, and men 
with only a secondary education. No fees wore assessed tmtil 193^, vhen a charge 
of $T. was made to make the course self-supporting. The instruction consisted of 
lectures followed "by laboratory work, such as practice in the firing of the kilns 
end the testing of clay samples "brought by the men. 

The course was under the direct supervision of R. T. Stull, E. V. Washburn, and 
C. W. Parmelee, who were successively Heads of the Department during the years the 
course was given. 
Clay-Product Plant-Operators' Conference .- The Clay-Product Plant-Operators' 

k Conference was held for the first time on June 12-13, 193^, succeeding for this 

particular group, the Ceramics Short Course. It was given under the auspices of the 
Department of Ceramic Engineering in cooperation with the Illinois Clay Manufacturers' 
Association. Other similar meetings were hold in May or June of each year following, 
the Sixth Conference coming on June 6 and 7, 19^1- The attendance varied from 35 to 

; 65, with registrants from several different states and Canada. The subjects 



Lfir.:v.»yToq ^1'i.'^&B yd'iaievJtiiir orf* 10 ai©{fliiWK snoxap fflo'rt fioiuoeB /toed evjoa B-x&TUJoex 
ril g^iJjftjcdacfj;fO anoaa&q auol'Vir bciR ^dtiaoE otLdsfl lo ^noiBdnsqed o* ^'^. arid- 1c 

Hi nx/BoJ Bi3V aiajt-jow y.nlo icl oaiiroO^ ^-fij^B aoiflWieO edT -. &ai»oO Gloria aoJtia.'JiqO 
1o os&IIoO Sri* nr fio-ro.-'-^; i;:'.-ic sntecf £11*8. asw Botmaieo at i'sav ©rii- oliilir SXQI 

AjII.'3oi*antamiJ-n€. oa fcrC oiiv c.+ sd-a. ©ri.;^ "ip aieafiow -lislo cxfc)- 'to adawnwd-nJ: rrfd- ovi-jh 
orfT . Jric-mct-xsqoi) .-* rbira 'to iMocirf^JtldeJeo oAi •sol Jbotin slid- i^ogia yj.ino&f'::'^-' ■ • 
nfi- naflw ^c>I9I lid-ay ifS9\; rioao T'> ^,-^^^1^ rj rrevig saw M/i a^feew ov* Jbo.+ 

d-icffa /J ^d-Brit lodIA .3111-: cdd- Ycfievo neTl^d- 3r:w d-noiisdificfoG 

a£ tuild-tft ,8X'is\; owC- x^eve -blerl aiJW sniXoiaflinMS JEkc a/iWiow x-sJ^o saJ^Iovni oeiuoo 
aom moil; noi^nod-Jo ohtv beioati&a oaLa eirfT .-tifQI Ildrw ^xtaa^iQ'^x 



jSa/iilg .sioi'xd" moil aeia fa qu oi>.Gia :. 
^Qlod-©ixqoici lo Lad-Btanoo M--? ^-^j-j^ourfiftl 

nsTcrfo B nerfw ,+'£QX lid-nff fiouBeaH,?- t-Tow 
lo I)edaJ:anoD noid-oirrd-sni erfT .snld-ioq-cr; 
Halii erid lo ^tlll :3rtd nl eold-'r-frr .»." - 



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r;;0 t.rld ,qjrr.'i:^ •yrin-^. 
. rtriyO "in . 



755 

discussed at the meetings included topics pf special interest to plant operators 

in the field of structural and refractory products. 

Conf e rence on Glass Problems .- The Conference on Glass Protlems was held for the 

first time in Jixne, 193^^ under the auspices of the Department of Ceramic 

Engineering in cooperation with the Chicago Section of thw Aioerican Ceramic Society 

with an attendance of ahout 50 from eight different states. The June m&rH»-ina was 

such an outstanding success, even so far "beyond any hope of expectations, that a 
(Held on Novemher 2-3, 193^. The attendance at the second meeting was 
second meeting was/98,-6l|. of the registrants "being out-of-town guests representing 

twelve different states. The Third Conference was held on May 3I and June 2, 1935> 

the Fourth, on May 5-6, 1936, the Fifth, on May 20-21, 1938, the Sixth on May 10-11, 

191+1 
19^1, the Seventh on Novemher ll|-15,/and the eighth on November 16-17, 194U,with 

attendance varying from ahout 75 to 100. 

The topics considered at these meetings included glass technology, glass wool, 
glass- house refractories, surface tension in molten glass, natural gas and the 
glass industry, oil and gas fuels, .and glass maniLfacturing problems. 

Professor C. W. Parmelee, Head of the Department of Ceramic Engineering, was 
in direct char ^ of all of the Conferences, except the last. That the meetings 
served a useful purpose is demonstrated by the following statement appearing in the 
"The Glass Industry", one of the ceramic trade journals: "The glass Industry owes 
a debt of gratitude, -a debt that it may not fully realize,- to Professor Parmelee 
and his associates at the University of Illinois, for providing a forum on 
factory problems". Professor A. I. Andrews was in charge of the last one, having 
been Head of the Department since September, 19^2. 

The Midwest Enamolers Sympoelum o-nd the Porcelain Enamel Institute Forum . - The 
Midwest Enamelers Symposium was held for the first time in 193^, under the auspices 
of the Department of Ceramic Engineering in cooperation with the Chicago 
Enameling Club. Another mooting was held in 1936. The attendance at these meetings 
was about 80, representing several different states and Canada. 



. ai-oiff^oifi \;'ioi-ofl'rtsi fur's l^.'suiotni^n Jo bloll erf* nl 

d& toJ Moii f3?w BHRlcfot*! aexsI-O no eonaio^iioD orfT -. amelcfoi^ B^olZ) ao co qij^x o lncip 

otitoJiuO "io J^iTjEi^fir'.qod ---rf* *» aaoiqrai.(j^, orfd^ toiaatj ^^i'$l lOrtvL ni emW iatfi. 

coca oin/j-xcjO nooiifjuaA •wr't to aot&oeB a^aotrlO wrii ilcMw q.olt-4^eqpoo ni. an/teoaijjnS 

:' itrtrit ^tin.olis\tojax& to ^tprf ".~ ■ • ■ •:-"--- -. ■-- — . .-■ •• . f. . • 

■ •*rToqaiq[Q'X aiftQxjji nwod'-'io- juo' 

: am/L Ijob X£ ^jaM no blod Q/Jfr ooneiolaoO frrtrfl ojcfT .Be&ntG iw-xeVtiii ovI&/& 

. M no il:fx!P. ^.di ^Qi^l ^I£:-OS y^ no .ri^til »rfd- ^Be^i ,?>-? V^^'i. no .rft-tifo-^ ari* 

ilJlv 441QI ,VI-5l 'fscftc&voK no ric^r13ie arfch f)n/j\^^i:-4ll 'tE^cTr-rsvoM no .-ftnovaS e;{.t jl^ei 

-OOX 03"- ^V jirocfp raonl 3nJ:-v;i?v oocu^bao&ir 
.••j^r'Xonrfo©* ear J oera oaarfd- *» J&oieljianoo aoiqc;^ eriT 

lud-.'vi ^flf; :;t noi3nGC^ soislws i3oiio*0B'xlei saxraxf -qbhIs 

.anelrfoig sfi^tood-ocluaara sari- i nnQ bar- It'.- ^xriQubnt aaslg 

h:'v ^ani<X8&ni3nS[ oiionx^^O ^ d-neaictisqoa orii "io *„':^2 ,uoXettan? .W .0 toaneioiT 

asnl^^OBi Sild-;^ndT -i'BsX ©rf* iqQOXo ^aeoaciolnoO ©rf* lo XXr totsisrfo ioetib nl 

©ff* nl gnliaeiiqB taoaeia:)B BnJtwoXXoT: oxi* itf f»s:hflid-Bnoro.': : ! r^rio^'a/q Ix/^obw /.< J&ev^oc 

■i+Hwiiai asBia bxfT" raXan-CBpt. oJ&B-xi- oiffiflioD Qti: . Yit^j/Jbnl eaflXO oifP" 

t.'XQiinaS[ TOBUoloi? o* ~^esii:.;:'i xX-/;'! J-'^rr v.-.^: eft it-arf* d-rfofe B-jOfjix^Wr-T® 

no innot .o anJt^voiq tol jEionlXXI Ixj \;rf tartovJtnU sri* cfs eo^niooaa.'; aid Los 

„ -i,,r ,-f -.. .„,„• ni- a?w -3Voi5nA, .1 .AiOQao*loi7 . "gme-Xifoiq '^•xoJofll 

.?1+^QX <iddnoc}-q&3 qonte d-njEd"i.''-qoC[ aricf lo fi^isH noocT 

t-.? .J-jjJ-Id-5-TiI Xe.TUtfiA aI:aXooio1 ojfc)' -';> :! •:' j!tiU30qsTY,C a'ioXogtPn2i" vi -nwIjlM rlT 

Jiqawfl ed* iniiai/ ,4£ei Ai qo£* &a%tt wtj- ic'i X.:o;-f q;w rriv.'ieotnr.-^i'? BToXocuwfi d-aowf>iM 

'"i erf* rfd-fv nold-Rteqooo ni. sniisorrlBoS oinn-joO lo *nQ«Et"Ti5<reC[ ori.-t 'tc 

iHX-Jwio**.': erfT .cf.^X nl Mart a/.w gnJ-tov -a lerf^tan/^ .<£uXO ■ 



756 

In 153T> the Porcelain Enamel Institute, a national organization comprising 
the majority of the enamel companies in this country, sponsored its first forum and 
honored the Department of Ceramic Engineering and the University "by holding it in 
Urhana on May 5-7- The attendance reached 200, llj-O of the number "being out-of-town 
registrants. The Institue then estahlished the policy of alternating its meetings 
hetween the University of Illinois and Ohio State University, and held its third 
Annual Forum at the University on Octoher 12-l'<-, 1938- The attendance Included, in 
addition to the 117 students and faculty members, 238 persons from out of town 
interested in the enamel industry, nine of whom were from England, one from Sweden, 
one from Russia, and one from Poland. The Fifth Forum was held here during October 
16-18, 19^0, the out-of town attendance "being I98, with registrants from all parts 
of the United States and Canada. 

The subjects considered at these sessions were those involving the production 
of enamels and enamel wares, such as the preparation of metal surfaces for enameling, 
methods of enamel control, drying pro"blora8, enamel application, and so on. 

As a su"b8titute for the regular Porcelain Enamel Institute Forum, a Short 
Course in Heat Treating for Porcelain Enamelers, sponsored "by the Porcelain 
Ennmel Institute in cooperation with the University of Illinois, was held in 
Ur"bana on Novem"ber 2-5, 19^2. The course of Instruction consisted of lectures and 
laboratory practice by members of the staffs of the Departments of Mining and 
Metalliurgical Engineering and Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. Twenty-three pa- 
sons registered for the covirse, and all were enthusiastic about the work given. 
Conference on Air-Conditioning. - The conference on Air-Conditioning, held for the 
first time on May k and 5, I936 vmder the auspices of the Department of Mechanical 
Engineering and again on March 8 and 9, 1939, under the auspices of the Department 
of Mechanical Engineering and the Engineering Experiment Station, included a two- 
day session devoted to the presentation of practical information on air conditioning 
to non-technlcally trained individuals interested in this particular field. The 
subjects considered at the meetings concerned equipment for air conditioning, duct 



■'. nuiot d-j-iil acfJ: butoaiiocn ^xtimsoo etd^ nl nelrtsgnioo iecr-rno ori* to y.d-iiof./Mi odd- 

li -.:- s«iI)Xod ^<f >j*taievhiU ©ild" hnn 3ni'xeanl;sr6i oIiaofeD to JTiemd-XvqoCi: erW- fiertonori 

^JTO sniacf -xedflajK orf* 1» 04l ^OOS J&orfaaei ooaabaoi&iz odT .T-"S X--M no sstxed'ffJ 

Mlrf* 8*.t M©tf htm ^i&tat&rtaU &&B&& otdO bets aionilll to x^lanevfcrfJ &rl* n?9W:^Bcf 
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, JjHivCgrffl raoil fjiGW moffw "io ecin ^v^Bwfinl I^wjarro Qdi ni jbed-eaiedrtl 

JOct^O 3ai:'xwJb aisri Mart bjjw xa;rro'? rf*'!:!'? erlT .bfrr^.c^ mal s>fio inm? ,fliaaaff flso-xl ^ m -^ 

.rxt 8d-nBicfQ,t8©TE rf*£W ^8oj: jvif.ocf ooat^Jia&o' hTO oiW: ^O^^X t8l-^I 

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iiotiossbo'tq od* gntTlovni saoxij oiow snoiaaaa oQf>d& &k- i>eioi>i:Bnoo ad-oat-di^ "^xlT 
,8nl:XeBwn© isol 8003*57X08 lad-am lo aoi*/3*csgo:K[ ©rfd- aa rfowa »aoTt3W loainao Me filenono to 

■•■n.ii':. je ,iiafio'iI D*w*i*8nl XGDmrH nf:jXeoiDl iuXbj;, tifd-td-acfr;. ; 

ir'.-j.oonoi'erfd- y.cf beioBnoqe , aiaienisfia xiiinXootn'T r.^:: jr AcJ-'teriT *„-^er. 
ii". biori 3.P!W ^aioniXXl to •>•:.-: ■• ;'t orid rfdiw nold-fsierrooo xii yd-xfc^i:..: 
o:.« Beit'+.-^eX to JboiaJionoo not*: iij/oo &if? .S4QX ,'v-S isdinoroF! no ^i«'<'s»t 

LnlM to ad-nsfld-iactoa arfd' to attu^a oiW to siscfefm v,cf oo td-octq 
ifii^-xdnov';' M JbyMqqA fins IsolteioeffS baa sniieonisra XBOtgTKfll.-.- 

.ayvJ:jj5{'iow '..r;? .;,• i. ■.rcfs/jjayridrro oigw XXa Jnn-V ,ao'u;«30 jrfif -sot Iionod-aigv.'i 3^ •-■ 
'■; cot Mof( ,sn?:ao.f:d-.tX»nor)-i.i.A no uonoiotrroo ocTT - .gni'nolJ'.iJit f ioO lM rK? coneir/m . ■'.'' 
iheM to *jttoKid'i'3C[oCI arid to Booi(jaiifi ©H# tefint/ 3f.QI ,.C -Siaa 4 -9;iiM xio oartd' i-QiM 
jrf* to Eooiqayfl eri# nefim/ tQ£QX ^^ fins 8 do*L<M m ixl.>s^ bn:- 3i:I~;..-ii?eJit 
./XonX ^nold-fld-B diierattsq^tS: ^I-seaatSrfH 3d& bna gnJiosnlB^' : r. 

'lb no noIcf.=artx)tnl; .taoiJ-ocia to not&B&miBjtq odd od- fio*ov-i' r 
't ncisjottraq airi* ni J&ed-ge'Jod-r: f- ■ ' -.irf-iv . .,■ : iv^rnT* •v;Iix50J:ni{-. 
*tJbiTOO tta rrot d-n^^nrivpe l)©n^ .;'• .t-^ i-onoXitenoo ad-oi. 



757 



systems and fons, regulation of air tenrperatirre and humidity, building insulation, 
condensation problems, air-conditioning vater supply, air filters, essential 
features of lioating systems, research, factore. affecting fuel saving, comfort 
conditions and air conditioning, and so on. 

The attendance at the first session was 203, seventy-five per cent of whom wero 
were from Illinois. The remainder were from 10 different states, one registrant 
being from Australia. The attendance at the second Conference was 275 > con^osed 
of engineers, dealers, and salesmen from 11 states and the District of Columbia. 

Professor A. P. EJratz was in charge of the programs for the University. 
Diesel Engine Short Course .- In September, 1936, a number of representatives of 
midwest Land Grant Colleges ejid of manufacturers of Diesel engines held a conference 
at Madison, Wisconsin, for the purpose of considering the feasibility of offering 
a Diesel-engine short course. It was agreed that ouch a course would no doubt be 
worth while, and consequently during the second semester of 1936-37# seven 
Universities, not including the University of IllinoiB, entered into the scheme 
and conducted such a short course, with the cooperation of a number of 
manufacturers of Diesel Engines. 

Inasmuch as this venture proved to be more or less successful, it was de- 
cided to repeat the covu^se in 1938 during the period from April 20 to May 3, with 
the following Universities participating: 

University of Illinois 
University of Minnesota 
Ohio State University 
Michigan State College 

The following manufacturers cooperated by providing lecturers, films, display 

equipment, etc. 

Hercules Motor Company- 
International Harveator Company 
Caterpillar Tractor Company 
Wailkesha Motor Company 

Mi-mufacturors' exhibits were transportated on trucks which moved from school 

to school in accordance with a definite schedule, two days being allotted to 



^\iq_qiSi^ 'ivJ/--.; iiai*iOi;Jii>xico-'xij3 ^am&.CcTo'jqf ^o]•c^.=s3^bf^^o•.' 

■•- ■"' ^ ■'■•'■•' tonJ ^rfoisebei i£U!iu*BX3 8nid"iJ0irf *3 asiurfdoi 

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•low ■xeiJni.tar.o'x ei(T .aionJtXH fflorrt e-x v 

. ■ - .: .L ... jrw ae*s*B li /ikw^ neoBaeCja j&ii ^i. ....... , ii<x«orri:sn'.- "^ 

.--1 ^o 1- f ' ,i9cfin©d'cr©8 nl -.aaiiTOO d"iCod3 onlaoE faasKI 

?f'C!I lo -rt,*R&DXG8 fiaooea erf* ^itssb ^ineup^Bonn bcv ^-i-llrixt ridrrow 



:.j (:*3ie«jooo erfd- xi*lv ^sai*; 




1 to Silt.'SUiSiii.u;-: . 


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3xi> cvJ- ,-;l0i)vrIoB o.+ htMsJ^ x^ A&lv coitTbroorsr. nt Icrtdon :■ 



758 



each manufacturer at each school. The lecture material on maintenance and 
operation of Diesel engines was well prepared, and each lecture was illustrated 
with loiatem slides, display models, and actual working models. 

With all of this, there were only eight persons registering at Illinois. 
These came from differe-nt points within the State, and most of them had had 
practical experience in the maintenance and operation of gasoline engines. Professor 
J. A. Poison was in general charge of the course at the University with J .R Fellows 
and J. C. Miles, instructors assisting. 
Short Course on the Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures .- A short Course on 
the Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures was held at the University on November 
26 and 27, 1928, under the auspices of the IllinolB Society of Engineers. Much 
of the instruction was given "by members of the Department of Civil Engineering. 

B. eORRESPONDENCE OR HOME-STUDY COURSES 
Gaaeral . - In 1933-3^, the University decided upon the general policy of offering 
correspondence or home-study covirses in order to provide Instioictlon to those 
individuals that desire to carry forward their educational programs, hut who are 
not ahle to attend the University or to take advantage of the instruction offered 
In extension centers. At that time, practically all of the departments within the 
College of Engineering arranged for instruction of this type for a few of the 
more elementary suhjects in their several curricula. The materials offered 
in these courses, jmost of which are still heing given, are essentially the same in 
scope and content as those given in the class room. The credit is the same as for 
resident clasdr-rooci work and within certain limits, miiy he counted towards a ■ 
haccalauiate degree . The students "buy the hooks and other supplies required and 
do the assigrmonte at home. The Instruction is administered hy the Bam.e teachers 
that conduct the class'^room exercies, hut is carried on through the office of the 
Director of University Extenoion. The courses that have heen given or are heing 
now given are aB follows; 






- >W fTo -^tfaisviiTU 9ili *>: Merf 0.'^ k- • .'toO 1:o lotd-ocoO fine nsiy&<i erfi 

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oaorfJ' oj ao^d'o/rctani t-J&lvoixj oi" le^c ^ 

Jbertatlo aottotniBai ©xO- lo 05, 

^rf* nlrfdlw e&noss&tsqpb uli Jo lie ;.; Mi^ito'.'w ^ iV^ cf 

. 3rli •,-..[ I r^i-^f. r;;.3a;sa©fi- ^xti.vi^ i^lod £S.: 

■■a o(f X'-^"- i.'^^hail ati.^-:Ki ;• i' a? 
.,.-- , — .qi/a lod&o fifLi Cijlaocf ■ari* \;.;''-^ '-■■■■^■'' 



:tU' vlld- ,4i>-,. ... -., . .._,. . 

• / -.- .'A 310*000 xic 
'•-'1 ^ -; '•'is.on.tana ': 



r?noo *.nr|[rf- 



759 

Mechanical Engineering.- In 193'<--35^ the Department of Mechanical Engineering 
offered 

M.E. X6, Steam Power Plant Engineering, k hours 

M. E.X17, Mechanical Refrigeration, 3 hours 

M E. X28, Heating, Ventilating, and Air k hours 

Conditioning 
M.E. X3I, Mechanics of Machinery 5 hours 

ME. X3I was dropped in September, 19369. and the other three in January, 1938- 
This was made necessary "by bhe teaching loads imposed upon the instructors "by the 
large increase in enrollment of residence students. 
Physics . In 1933-3^, the Department of Physics offered hy correspondence courses. 

Phys. Xla, Theory of Mechanics, Heat and Sound 3 hours 

Phye. Xlh, Theory of Electricity, Magnetism, and 3 hours 

Light. 
Both of those covirses are heing given in 19^5- 

Theoretical .and .Applied Mechanics .- In 1933-3^ the Department of Tao >retical and 

Applied Mech'inic!3 offered three courses in mechimics as follows: 

T.A.M. xl Statics 2 hours 

T.A.M. x2 Dynamics 3 hours 

T.A M. x3 Resistance of Materials 3 hours 
All of these suhjects are still "being given in 19^5- 

Electrical Engineering.- One electrical-engineering course was offered for study hy 
correspondence in 1933-3^ and is still "being given in 19^5, viz: 

E.E. X56 Electrical Power Equipment, k hours credit 

General Engineering; Dr a.wlng.- General Engineering Drawing offered five courses for 

correspondence study in 1933-3^- 

G.E.D xl Elements of Drawing h hours 

G.E.D. x2 Descriptive Geometry h hours 

GE.D xk Advanced Drawing k hours 

G.E.D. x7 Architectural Projections 2 hours 

G.E.D x8 Architectural Projections, Cont'd2 hoxirs 

G.E.D. xh was dropped in September, 19^2; all the others are still "being 

carried on in 19^5- 



• ■ .. . -.jriil tolas ... 

oneJbifloq:ae'«oj> Xf^ ^ '■ ^I ^ ctaQflstinqv 

ci;;orf f "■ '-•• M ,';i;*toi-id'!>uia lo TCXoaxfP ^cflX .>.v ■ 

-."■. ^ i;J:.'J ex'' aoeiuoo i;aori* 'no xl*c^ 



.r^4;c ■ I'lja aaerfcf ' 

•sol fi9'x©1:T:o bj3V aaiuo:. ' :.t8"3 X^o/iij-o- 

• -. "-^CX .li. *:c*7*o (s^iiwd" iijuJ-u LU XuvJ -t^t.. tctX at ooaohao' . ■--' 

. ... ..i»ori4l ^d-nu3t[lupE iowo*I Xj30tT*ouXa ?^x .S-liE 

aii^ -;.:.... ^■ :v->xcu \:.-].\ i. "TlvfO U ,.; .i; ■■•J"; 



760 

Rallvay E ngineering .- Railway Engineering offered four courses In 1933-3^: 

B.E. x3 Locomotives 2 hovirs 

R.E. xh Locomotives, cont'd 3 hours 

R.E. x25 Railway Development 2 hours 

R.E. x6l Electric Traction 3 hours 

All of these were discontinued in Septemlier, 19*^0 

Mining Engineering.- Mining Engineering offered only one course for correspondence 

study in 1933-3'+, "but has continued it to date, viz: 

-•■^n. E. x2 Mining Principles 3 hours 

Civil En^inoering .- Civil Engineering offered four correspondence courses in 1933" 

3h when the plan was adopted: Those include: 

C.E. x20a Highway Construction 3 hours 

C-E. x60 Bridge and Building Construction 3 honrs 

C.E. xbl Structurar Stresses k houB 

C.E. x63 Theory of Reinforced Concrete 2 hours 

All of these are still "being listed for correspondence study in 19^+5 • 

Mlacellcneous Courses.- A number of other courses required in the caiTlcula in 



engineering 


■vrore 


given for correspondence study 


in 1933 -3*^- 


Mfith. 


x2 


Algehra 


3 hours 


Math 


13 


Algetra 


5 hours 


Math. 


xlj 


Plane Trigonometry 


2 ho\urs 


Math. 


x6 


Analytical Geometry 


5 hours 


Me-th. 


XT 


Calculus 


5 hours 


Math. 


x9 


Calculus 


3 hours 


Rhet. 


xl 


Rhetoric 


3 hoiurs 


Rhet. 


x2 


Rhetoric 


3 hours 



Hyg. x3 Hygiene and Sanitation 2 hours 

All of these rxe still "being offered In 19^5- 

The particular advantage of home-study instruction is that a student con hegin 
at any time rnd carry the progrcja to completion as his regular work permits; and \»hi fe 
ft while he loses the advantages derived from group discussion, he has a "better 
opportunity to think things through when placed upon his own rosponsihility and to 
apply what he leame in his dally practice. 



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' 761 

C. EXTRAMURAL COURSES 

General.- Extraraiiral courses for credit In the Graduate School were first offered 

in September, 1936. The first course in engineering under this new plan was one 

In civil enginerlng given in Chicago. As the plan has worked out, classes are in 

charge of the regular members of the faculty and the work is equivalent to that In 

courses listed with the same numbers for students in residence at the University. 

The duration of each covirse is practically one semester. A person nay he admitted 

to these courses as a regular student, as a special student, or as a visitor. The 

regulations regarding admission, credit, grades, examinations, etc., for resident 

students in the Graduate School apply to students taking extramural covtrses for 

graduate credit. Since September 19^1, no more than fotir units oarued through 

extramural courses may he applied towards meeting the requirements for the master's 

degree. 

The following courses were offered in 1936-37 under this new plan of 

instruction: 

Civil Engineering. - 

C.E. 106, Continuous Frames, hy Professor Cross, Registration 78, First 
semester 

C.E. 108, Continuous Frames, hy Professors Cross, Wilson, and Shedd. Eegistratior 
32, second semester 

Only a small numher took these courses for credit although the registration was 

relatively largo. 

During the year 1937-38 these courses were taught hy Professor T. C Shedd. 
During 1938-39, Professor W. M. Wilson taught the first-semester course and 
Professor W. C. Huntington, the second. Professor Shedd taught a graduate course 
in Springfield during the entire year and also during 1939-^0. 

None of those courses, however, have "been given since the beginning of 
World Mot II . 

General Engineering Drawing. - During the second semester of 1937-38, Professor 
Springer of the Department of General Engineering Drawing, went to Decatur twice 
a week to teach evening extension courses in elementary drawing and descriptive 



'la ^dtuo be-jiTOW ead :.;/;■ .-^J- cA oyroljfO nJ: norths S«ii«^«i8ne Ihrli' .?• 

.toI«vl.ifpo 3l ^I-xow erfd- .Our? ^tluoal dd& lo aiacfi ■ >.;'t!^no 

:dlaic;vi..J erf* &c ooitoblnot tti B^aohu&a nol eiediiion utO'sa u-lj licriv i;oJ-3i.[ soHIwoo 

trioiitsoi 1 lOli^.^/ii-jTicxe ^sojb/jis tCftfioriD ,nolaQli!ib.:' SnLb'x.aoi artotjfoljuso'j 

xl3i;oirid- 6ouTbg a&i.ixu •arol. rtprf* oioc: ^^x: ^ii^Vi. -..^ia'jd-cioS oorlS .cJ-ilu-i.^ •^;;v.;i;;jj.. '..._, 

'to rmX(i wen aijlt 'xo&ur T£-^£^X «: ■ w aeaii/oo aatwoIXol ;!T 



itid'aaciea baooo 
aijw noi^aicfuisoi erf* r^juorf^Io tibo-io -xot aeo'swoo uoori* *>o* 'lo<&aoia XXr 

. - ...... w ._ ^■.^■..\^-i}. ^.J ...:.„ .. -....^ ... .c.-i -> ...^.-...' .,, ,,,.,..; .. .,, .)di ^wT-xud 

bai". oarttfoo 'lod-aQiEQB-cfB'iil: orf* >+ffei;.5* noaliW .M ,W ioqbgIct:^ t<i^,-Bf.QI BniiuC 
:aT2K>o v&pJSbffXi B *ila«e* JiJ&oria iobbbI-oi? .itjooes eri* ^no*s"l*m;H .0 tf loBaetoi^ 
• ■>^-<r:Si^X ^faib oeXB fiae t^o-^c otttau art* Bnl:*xi/j& Wel'isfti'xqa n: 
■;■- Sjthiaisod' trf* oanip. npvig neorf uv.^rf ,'xove>wori lUc^atwoo oaori* lo onoH 

.11 T'-V; biicM 

^^"."i.-j -■.....!•• :..:,•'! .L'.rniaantTeootari'T X.-»ion90 lo *rTofa*T. " lesal'Xflca 



T62 



geometry. The enrolliaent in the tvo courses vas 21. Like those in the preceding, 
none of these cotirses have heen held off the campus, since the "beginning of World 
War II. 

Aside from any credit value vhich Buch courses have when taken as new material, 
they serve the useful purpose of keeping those atreafltof their industry who have 
neverhad formal instruction in the particular subjects and of refreshing the memo- 
ries of those who may have previously covered the ground, but have forgotten some of 
the essential points involved. 

D. IBOINEERING EXTENSION 
National Defense Program.- During the summer of 19^0 and the school year of 19'+0-4l, 
the Departments of Mechanical and EloctricaJ. Engineering gave several shop courses 
"below the grade of college level under the National Defense Program in cooperation 
with the Vocational Educational Deprxtment of the Champaign Public School System. 
The classes in tnechanical engineering dealt with machine-shop practice, welding, and 
heat-treatmentof metals. Those in electrical engineering were concerned with the 
operation of elementary equipment in electrical engineering. Some of the work was 
given in the Champaign school shops and laboratories and the remainder in the 
University laboratories. Enrollment included both day and evening classes. 
Engineering. Science, and Management War Training .- During the summer of 19^1, the 
Department of Electrical Engineering instituted a wor-timo course of College level 
in Decatur at the finish of which twenty-four men received certificates indicating 
the extent of the work covered. Qicouragod by this experience of Interest and 
attendance and prompted by other motives also. Engineering Extension, as a part of 
the division of University Extension, was organized in July, 19'»1, for the purpose 
of making available to the Industries of the State, more of the University.' s re- 
sources for the training of war workers. T6 accomplish this aim, a program of 
Engineering, Science, and Management W?^r Training was inaugarated in cooperation 
with the U.S. Office of Education,- the Office providing $300,000 of federal funds 
for the fiscal year 19Ul-lv2. Mr. Harry Clay Rountree formerly of Pennsylvania State 
College was employed as Supprvisor of Engineering Extension, to cooperate with the 



W-soWTo sninnl^Kf ;.i:f -a ::•; i- 'C hierf n©e<f ef^td aeeii- 

■Jo ctt,ceirf.- TTu/q lo'io' 

...niaBPTjir. v :; ^:}•ou'sc^'■;.•i 

. . :' ^ .^■:•:■Jo^to'^ Qr::.d -ii.;: ^j'-rn -t^ ■ i^ f ::Tovo - -^.^ c err ■-'.•;, -i ■.;V.;n ■\^^ criv; .- 

.Ufv'.'-.vn-'. ao-ii'rr l- 
^T?i5nTXH0fIIHKEvII?)JE .C 

.i^3.tGxR locrioy :> Lf -fL-T ng J:.cqx2.irK) erf* to *nun;^'v _ . .; . _ 

baa ^^tbl&vt ^sot*ooiq qoda-bpidoaa Athr *L3e>fi aniietoalscto Xsoinadooir 

odd- ri*!v Jienieanoo o-vew saiieafflgiit) I^oioJoelw nl eooifr .alerferi 'toJtnei!id'j>0Td'-*fl' 
aw 3fiowf art* to QflK>8 .aniieeaiscte UMircfbeXe rtl ^nenqltrpt 'irtadWonaoXp to no:!ij3i9Q 
if At al nebalMZon: .^ftt" .J&xxc !3e£i6d','''«?dJ3x J&jiiJ' bcrcffa loorfoc r; 

.BoaaxiXo artinovo ban v^ 0od b<^baionl d-afr'Ucsfffl .e. ■. ... 

aaijjjoxiuti eocC-tioi tx^iMp i)avi:e' X^OeVif dojrfw 1)0 lie ;. 

f),ftc .tgo-reini tr " • ; ' ' .. ';:o .J-.".. 

lo :rii::- :.: :... ..•; •,•,/■:. ,^ ... ^... .. ... ■:. - . .... ">' ;. ■::■-■ 

IJ- od- ;;j:rfsIij3Va ^iaten 'r 
>i.j[iai:l<ptRJV06 'vS^ .stednnv '.:hi't& edi. tot aooti/r 



•^ -.-^cf 



763 

University staff in outlining and administering the program of a sutstantial list 
of coursos on the college level. The courses were developed on the basis of meet- 
ing localized needs of the different coonunities and industries of the State, and 
were planned to give practical aid to trainees already employed or eligible for 
Immediate employment in particular plants doing war work or in contributing indue - 
trioo, such as public utilities or power plants. 

During that first year, the Department of Civil Engineering offered several 
ESMWT courses in various parts of the State. Many of them were In somo phase of 
scjiitary onglnoorlng and were conducted in cooperation with the State Department of 
Public Health; others were given in the field of structural engineering. 

Another phase of ESMWT work was the development of on ultra-high frequency 
course dealing with ultra-short wave radio transmission applicable to problems of 
modern warfare. Thirty -five senior students enrolled for study in this pai'tlcular 
part of the war-time program. During the year, in addition, claases in supervisory 
training rjid in personnel and industrial relations were taught in Peoria, Mattoon, 
and Urbona by members of the Department of Mechanical Engineering. At the seme 
time, a course on the heat treatment of stsel was offered in several Illinois cities, 
while courses in physics were given in different parte of the State. Furthermore, 
classes in general engineering drawing were held, some on the campus, and others in 
Danville, Mattoon, and Quincy. 

The first year's report showed that 33 subjects, taught in 236 sections, were 
administered to 6,309 students representing 29 communities in the State. 

During 19^2-1+3, there wore a number of National Defense classes held on the 
campus by the Department of Mechanical Engineering. The day courses consisted of 
U.S. Civil Service Aircraft Radio Inspector Training and Engineer Aircraft Radio 
Signal Corps Apprentice Training. Night courses were offered in Vocational 
Training for Machine Tool Operators vmder the supervision of the Champaign High 
School . 

Classes in industrial relations were hold during the year in Mattoon and 
Champaign also by members of the staff of Mechanical Engineering with registrations 



lewocr no' noid-tXi:*^; olXrfuq u^ iIoi;s » v- :-.t.i 
* ■ •.■■s-critT emo? n^ ':tr.:T irr.-*,* "^^ ")-•■;■ ::.t-n:c? Qiroitov .^-•■.^ 



afi'ia fjrfJ- cfA .anitaanlgnS Ixsnixixirfoci 1 
^''^ 'JioiiUXI ictov8Q nJ. Jbaieilo exiw Ice J 



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•1* d-J3€.rf f-" 

yaJ-Teetniaoe Xjolonor 

'■ov,-t,cri;Q ti ssiiL* bavcsla cI-xjO'iot: a't:.:,^ jci.l'i ^JT 
'.'•MOO ^ j5«Wn<itaoT:r6i p^ne*^"': :"'"'',- .-d* /jeioitai-ii:. • 
..• to i,+.^Tj T- -f-'frjtan y oiow ^iQX Bntisjd 

.ixxcrfooM lo jhxecfihicqo(i ©rf* v.^ sirgm.' 



764 

running from twenty to thirty students per section. 

The Department of ELoctrical Engineering continued during 19l+2-it-3 with the 

following program for ES^WT courses on the college campus: 

During eighteen weeks after May 25, 19^2, a course was given for men who had 
an undergraduate couroe in electrical engineering or who had con^jleted 
-' completed/ a suhstoatial part of such an undergraduate course. A second course 

beginning on June 19, 19*^2, and continuing for twelve weeks, was given to men who 
had conrpletod the electrical-engineering curriculum at some recognized college of 
engineering within a period not exceeding twelve yerrs. A third course was opened 
on August 2, 19if2, and continued for twenty-four weeks that was designed for young 
men who had hoen graduated from a first-class high school, and a fourth course 
running for twenty-four weeks frca March 8, 19^3, was designed for young women who 
had completed at least two yenrs of college work or its equivalent. 

All of these courses required eight hours of class-room attendance each day for 
six days a week. Men completing the first two courses were trained for 
commissioned officers in the Signal Corps. Persons completing the second two 
courses wore assigned as lahoratory technicians at the Government airplane plant 
at Dayton, Ohio. 

During the school year 19^^2-43, also, the Deportment of Electrical Engineering 
administered courses in thirty-five industrial centers of the State. In these 
centers, 109 sections, with an average enrollment of over twenty-five students 
each were organized. 

The Department of General Engineering Drawing also continued with its work in 
the supervision of drawing classes in a numhor of comnunities throughout the State. 

The ESMWT program thus adrainiotered during \3\2-h-i was comprised of ahout 
60 au-bjects,-"- chief among which were the following: Elements of Electrical 
Engineering; Electrical Circuits; Power Circuits and Machines; Fundamentals of 
Raido; Ultra-high ^Frequency Techniques; Principles and Techniques of Radio 
Communication for Signal Corps: Chemistry of Powder and Explosives; Ordnance 



1 Alumni News, Octoher 7, 19^2. 



:auqm-'?o &b^1Loo crid- no eo'.i-moo TW'ffia tol ctiTsoitj satwcxf 
'-if of{v,' isijtii lot novig q.tw oq-utoo r. ^Sli^I ,C2 .\;jBM/tod1n ajfeow n^ie^ifeici sriiiiXT 
ooiiroo Iinoooa A .wBrcooo e&sassbamii'btw rxo rfo;jQ "io c^aEq; liit&arjBdu& j^;\fj^Klqraoo 

CO 83eL£oo boslaBooon ofijoa ia jtttwIxJoJtTmo sctl'xoonisno-.llx.oi'xiooXo erfcl' i>od'oXqnioo !:v"' 

Siurov. lol boOiit.Bel) bj3w d-firW- aiCoew t.<ic't-Xon'.-v.\+ no't bossaitiioo ba.': tS4l(?X ^2 jGicDtf . ~: 
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765 

Material Inspection and Handling; Sanitary Engineering for Emergencies; Pre-forenan- 
ship Training for Production Supervision; Supetnrisory Training; Elementary Engineering 
Drafting; Advanced Engineering Drafting; Shop Mathematics; Production Engineering; 
Elementary Machine Design; Motion and Time Study; Safety Engineering; Personnel 
and Industrial Relations; Heat -Treatment of Metals; Foundry SandControl; Engineering 
Chemistry; Pjrroraetry; Mathematics, Mechajilcs, and Strength of Materials; Stress 
Analysis; Theory and Practice of Reinforced Concrete Design; Engineering Physics; 
Elementary Tool Design; and Industrial Cost Accounting. 

The instruction was cairried to a total of almost 17,00C persons representing 
5U communities of the State, some of which wore the following: Alton, Granite City, 
East St. Louis, Belleville, Highland, Hillsboro, Mt. Carmel, Centralia, Mt. Vernon, 
Carhondale, Lawrenceville, Rohinson, Mtittoon, Taylorville, Decatur, Springfield 
Beardstown, Quincy, Pekin, Macomh, Galeshurg, Moline, Rock Island, Dixon, 
Rockford, Freeport, La Salle, Ottawa, Kewanee, Elgin, Aurora, St. Charles, Joliet, 
Chicago Heights, Waukegan, Oak Park, Franklin Park, Harvey, Blue Island, Cicero, 
Maywood, Elmhurst, Highland Park, Cclunet City, Danville, Urhana, Bloomington, 
Effinghpjn, and Peoria. 

These same extension courses and some additional ones, were continued diiring 
19^3-liU, the total registration reaching about 20,000. The work of administering 
these courses throughout the State during the last year as in the previous two, 
required the services of a number of special instructors and supervisors in addition 
to those from the University staff. This same instructional program including 
some additional subjects was carried forward through the 19^i4.-45 season. 

During the period from July 1, 19^^, to July 1, 19^5, when the project was 
financed by the U.S. Government through the Federal Office of Education, 
approximately I68 courses were given throughout the State providing training for 
39,000 workers, 3,000 of whom wore women, engaged in some phase of war production 
in 3.200 Illinois Industries located in 79 communities of the State. About 
1. Alumni Kews, October 7, 19i^2. 



rt&di^aSi lol: 3nii©enl3fffl >CT0*if«sa iBfttXi>rtfiH Ix'^ iioiJ-ooqanl Isi'Xftd'r.f 

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leruior '5 j-\tftxf*3 offiiT boz fioitfoM tagtaoCt &nlrio£M Tro^noffisJ' ' 

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Ji^iTorf! .^id-ad's edi •; rc^ fivJ-;.i-.-r ^■,.J'rJ•t,i;f• i! -.jorl'lT TC'', ^ 



766 

80 faculty and staff meribers of the University served as instructors and educational 
supervisors in addition to 500 part-time instructors. 

Since July 1, 19^5, the educational program has been carried on at State 
expense, having teen administered "by the Division of University Extension as "before. 
There has Tjeen little change In adnlni strati ve policy except that the work has "been 
extended to include practically all phases of general Industry. 
School for Diesel-Engine Officers.- A course entitled "Theory and Practice of 
Dlesol-Engine Operation" was given on the University carrpus from Septemher 1^;, 19^2, 
to Fehraviry 13, 191^3 under the ESMWT program. The students were naval officers and 

the instructors, Professor P. E. Mohn and Mr. J. C Miles of the Department of 

P. 
Mechanical Engineering, and Mr. H./Batemen of the Department of Agricultural 

Engineering, wore on leave from their departments for this particlnr assignment. 

The class meetings were conducted for four hours a day, six days a week for ten 

weeks in "battallions of a'boutl50 men, -there having "been 1^3 enrolled^ in Class No.l, 

which began Sept- mher lU, 19^1-2; 155 in Class No. 2, which tegan on November 2,19i^2; 

and 155 in Class No. 3, which began on December ?, 19^2. The class inotructlon 

consisted of six two-hour lectures, five one-hour discussion periods, one two-hour 

quiz period, and five one-hour supervised- study periods per week. Those classes 

were held In the New Agriculture and Commerce Buildings. Professors A. R. Knight, 

C. A. Keener, and M. A. Faucett of the Dep.artment of Electrical Engingoring and 

Mr. Francis Seyfarth of the Department of Mechanical Engineering assisted "by 

giving special lectures. In addition to the classroom work, the trainees had 

six four-hoxir periods of laboratory instruction administered and conducted by 

Navy personnel in the laboratory established for the purpose in the West Hall of 

the Memorial Stadium These men were housed and messed in Busey and Evans 

Residence Halls. 



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767 

CHAPTER XXV 
THE ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION 

A. DEVELOPMENT 
Purposes that could "be eerved "by an Engleeerlng Eicperlment Station at the 
Unlveraifeg of IIHdoAb .- While aVeryone- recoginzed that the primary function 
of the College of Engineering was the education and training of the youth of the 
Stato to "bocone honoratlo, useful, and successful citizens in the conduct of 
putllc and private enterprise, there were many here in the early days of the 
University that recognized the possitillties which could he gained from a well- 
"balanced program of systematic research as a service complementary to engineering 
instruction. Because of this foresight, experimental work of various kinds had 
"been carried on In a limited way hy faculty and students of individual departmeAtB 
in the College of Engineering for a number of years, hut it seemed advisahle to 
expand the work, improve the methods, coordinate the efforts, and cqptralize the 
direction in order to secure the greatest benefits for the greatest numhers. 

The most obvious particular purpeses that could be served by the establishment 
of an Engineering Experiment Station in the College of Engineering would be, "to 
conduct investigations and make studies of importance to the engineering, 
manufacturing, rallwway, mining, and other industrial Interests of the Stato", - 
the same motive that prompts private enterprise engaged in large-scale production 
to set up full-time research departments as permanent divisions of their 
organizations. It could thus extend the field of scientific knowledge by dis- 
covering new principles and laws and supply thereby the increasing need for in- 
formation regarding the structure, characteristics, and action of engineering 
materials, so as to develop new fields of enterprise and to improve these already 
established; for there was an urgent and growing need for reliable Informntlon 
concerning the nature and properties of the materials of production and their 
proper utilization in engineering construction. 



notcforrxjl ysr-x'tlTCfr eri* * -.dW - . B toatlL l 'to. ^^i^t '-iteYl xffJ 

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-Xi fyoo doiflw a6J:d-iilcri8ROC[ urf* besiaQootn *nri* '^^MatevinU 

i.-'rf ajjnjtsi suof'xcv lo 3(iow I/jd-ooiKi-xetpto ,^1:^^8010^ aldi lo sax/aoeff .iioi^o/rcd-Bni 

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. Ji d-^cT jSiieoTt lo ledtora 3 •:tol sniieoiiiara lo 3S&IIoO erfj- ni 

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.:••;.:; lodTte lo '.<I>I©tl wt^n (joIeTeJb . r.-'itocl-nci 

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768 
Another purpose to "be gained "by providing for a research division would "be to 
improve teaching processes and develop new materials for classroom and laboratory 
use, therohy enriching engineering education itself, and keeping the University 
work abreast of the progress of the engineering and industrial world. It would 
provide a means for educating and training graduate students in the methods of 
conducting research, for they, thoraeelves, could take part in many of the laboratory 
experiments. It would serve to encourage the undergraduate students, who seeing 
new knowledge in the process of development, would be inspired to undertake in- 
vestigations on their own accounts thereby broadening their mental horizons, 
stimulating self-reliance, and cultivating initiative. 

Another advantage jof a separate Station would "be to provide more money for 
research projects, for one of the obstacles to individual effort was the lack of 
funds. During the time when the College was developing, many calls, came from 
those seeking aid In their problems hy requesting tests of fuels, engineering 
materials, manufactured products, and production methods, but there was not 
sufficient means to meet the demands. By setting up a coordinating and designated 
directing agency, it would be possihle to secure larger appropriations and to 
operate with Increased efficiency. The establishment of a research organization 
and the addition of equipment, together with a moderate allotment of funds and a 
small staff of assistants, would put new zest into experimental efforts, for it 
would open up great possibilities of achievement. 

Foxinding of the Station .- Much of the credit for the conception of the idea of a 
Station and for the estahllshnent of the enterprise belongs to Profeosor L. P. 
Breckenrldge, Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, \dio for the 
several years preceding, had been active in an attempt to secure Federal action 

estahllshing engineering experiment stations similar to the agricultural 

however, he 
experiment stations^ Failing In this objective, /proposed that the University 

should establish such an institution with State Funds. As an outcome of his efforts 

In this direction, the Board of Trustees of the University, in preparing its list 

of items for legislative appropriation in Docem"ber, 1902, Included in a separate 



bSjjcnr aoiBivtb fj3ice86'r .1 ^tol aaiflivctfj x^ Jbortlt® I tedtoak 

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769 



"bill a request for frinds to expand the activltiea of the College of Engineering. 
Faculty nembere, alunni, and manufacturing and construction interests of the State 
.joined in support of the measure. 

To the satisfaction and gratification of the University administration, the 
General Assemtly recognized the needs of the College of Engineering, and in May, 
1903, passed the general "bill carrying on item of $150,000 for the expansion 
and maintenance of engineering equipment. On the "basis of a report, prepared 
after careful deliberation "by the heads of the department within the College, 
President Draper presented to the Board of Trustees a recommendation that $1+3,000 
of the appropriation he devoted to the purchase of land and the erection of two 
"buildings, -the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory and a foundry, -and for the pur- 
chase of equipment for undergraduate instruction, that $30,000 be used by the 
departments for additional equipment, and that $77,000 be used for the purchase of 
apparatus to bo used for advanced work in engineering research and for experiment: 
tation in engineering problems, the research to be carried out by the regular 
departments. The recommendation of the Iresident was adopted by the Board of 
Trustees on December 8, I903. ThuB, there came into existence at that time, a 
research organization within the College of Engineering that was the first of its 
kind to "be established in an educational institution in this country and that 
was destined to serve as a pattern for the many others which have been establieshed 
else^fliere since. 

Administration of Station Af:^i^irs . Although the first bulletin was Issued in 
September, 190U, there was no formal organization of the Station until June, 
1905,- the first meeting of the new executive staff being held on June lU, 
following. In this manner, by authority of the Board of Trustees, the work of 
the Station come to be administered by the Director, who since 1909, has been 
the Dean of the College of Soglneering, and an executive staff composed of the 
heads of the several departments within the College of Engineering and of the 
head of the division of Industrial Chemistry, or as it became later, the division 
of Chemical Engineering of the Department of Chemistry In the College of Liberal 



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,45l om/L flo Meri a«lotf llnd-a fvld-trDoxe won ti»rW- lo ^Ueor: *8tll ori* -,?0^X 

Ic 3fiow eriJ- ..aes^tBATST lo iJ'XBoa Qtl& lo Tcc^ifWfiJ-ya) Y'"^ <'3oiin.':n o.Wi /fl. .v.niw-:.r.!o'> 

noorf a/jrf \QOQx uaniia oxtv t-xo^ooiKI c.-i* -^cf bo'io&Biatmbc. ocf oi 01x00 ncl^sda • .tj 

-irid- lo fieaocnoo llsde ovictifocx© m? fiao \sfliioonj'-JVjS lo ^se-X-CoO eri* lo nx^eCI orfd 

srt.-}- lo i)no rjrtfjfsaisnS lo- oseXXoO' t^il& ald&ht' a&nmsSrujqob X-Jisves ariJ Jo- abcod 

-iol'j --vlb erf* ^-iod-isX ocinoad' d-i ar- 10 .-^^i.tnirrorfO XntT.+PiX.*rTr lo rtof'?;-vM) orf:*- Ic. fccaff 

XzsierfXJ lo eseXXoO ©rfd- nl: Y's^atfaeri' 



770 
Arts and Sciences. This group is vested with authority to determine the lines of 
investigations to he imdertaken, to pass upon results, and to supervlss the puhlica- 
tions. All apparatus purchased is under the direction of the department for whom 
it was procured. The head of each department is largely responsihle for the research 
work carried on in his department. 

On Septemher 1, 19i^3, there was estahlished the newly-created office of Assis- 

I tont Director of the Engineering Experiment Station to promote and coordinate research 
programs of the Station with those of other colleges and schools of the University 
and of other service departments of the State. 

Ec^ulpment and Facilities. -While the regular equipment devoted primarily to instruc-J 
tional purposes in the College of Engineering is generally available for experimental 
use when not engaged for classroom and laboratory purposes, there are many instances 
where additional facilities are necessary to carry on experiments on special projects. 
All of these appliances have "been previously described at some length along with men- 
tion of other items of interest in the departments to which they have "been assigned. 
In most cases involving cooperative effort, portions of the equipment, materials, and 
other facilities have been supplied by the outside agencies. For example, In experi- 
ments involving carwheel tests, the manufacturers have supplied the wheels, and in tests 
involving locomoti >e performance, the carries have fvirnished the rolling stock. 
Experim ent S tation Quarters . -Although the central office of the Engineering Experi- 
ment Station has always been located in Engineering Hall, theScperlmental work of the 
Station has never been centered in any one building on the campus, but is carried on 
wherever the equipment and facilities are available. Sometimes it has been appropriate 
and even necessary to use the equipment of some of the other agencies of the State, 
such as the State Geological Survey and the State Water Survey, the facilities of the 
Federal Bureaus, such as the U. S. Bureau of Mines and the Bureau of Standards, and 
the plants of private enterprise, such as railroad lines and steel mills. 
Levels Established for Station Performance. -From the beginning, it was the established 
and settled policy that the character of the investigations maintained under authori- 
ty of the Engineering Eicperiment Station should be substantial, high-grade, thoroughly 
scientific and unbiased, - that is, the work that should be carried on with the great- 
est degree of accuracy attainable with facilities available. The animating purpose 
was to establish fundamental principles applicable to the solution of ev:^ry-day en- 

^gineering problems, and not merely to carry on commercial tests or collect data that 
would provide good material for propoganda purposes. The determinations should be 
safeguarded with Jealous cai^e in every way, and the results passed on to the public 
as the highest attainments in a particular line, as reliable, trustworthy, and worth- 
while contributions to the science of engineering. 



— ■o.ll'fi./.f .:'..' ^3 2 -'u.i-xua od- hiw ^ad■Iifae^ noqtf saaq od' ii:- -■ .i" .n/.;.; o<f t: ; ?noiJ'.f'3 >Df. 
woxfw 10'}^^ d-nAffl^iBurefi 8ri+ t'> no;-''^'>T^f> eri* lofin;/ ai fisafiifo'ujqf 3xr*;^iB<Tqs IIA .ei. 
[oTfleae'S exit lol 6l(f?gaogn -lard-iiscref) riaso Tto fieerf sriT . feeiirncKi 8jsv *i 

.*jteia*is(.r6fi a.trf ni: no J&ei-rc-'^ -^-^ •■ 
jiHo Jb9*ceio-Ylv.v; Sri* Jbori8lI<fed"B9 ajaw eierfd- ,£4^1 ,1 lerfmstccsS nC 
.-iBsao-j. eJ-fnifitooo iwis ycJ-OBroiq o;^ notd-9^3 ^tncmitscp:? gntioenlBna erf* lo locj-of 
Y.ji'."X:'T':rj e-rli lo sl'-orioa ?•■•■= (;■-•■ !'-c-j "-;[cJ-o lo saorfcf dd-iw noJ;.tj:5.ta erf* lo ■ 

dt to !id"fteEi*"j:BC[©i) eo^-nsB lorf*- 
.■v-w:-tcr :.^.jav.-.r jj':;fif; ■«;!.■■ i. ij^qoi erfJ" eli''" ' " " ' 

ffrftxaJrisgxci no -^Tieo o* Tjii^easoea sis eel*.!Iio;<1 JLeno ■..:!■:...' y; 

.oiW rfoirfv o& iJn&mi'mrreh erf* ni ?ae"X©*ni "io Pia©*! izdr^ i-O ^. 
, upe erf* J^u ••^aA^t'rprr ^^-xo^le 9Tl*Bieq;ooD gnlvloviijt bf^bo taof^ 
. X3 •xo'!! .asio;. «>rf* ^jcf i»©ijrg(T.ir3 naecf evBrf ael*.'!!;?.'.^* tt' 

■ ,[w erf* fjeilqcw^i -t ^ •■■i;A-i: •^rf*jB*9a* Isoriwrixio gftlvlovnt: -v-: 

ulon erf* fcerfain- , ^oa-Miolnesf ;^ l:*offlDooX f^. 

'-•■•: ^ "^ arf* 10 90 • 
:• ..■- i^'.-: ■ ■• :-■ q^flftrf* ,11 ■ 

no JbeiTiBo ai ]j;:f^«irara60 orf* no ^hbLtud efto xa^ al bete&a&o need loron a^r' 
'"■-'■""•• ' r -f • •<■ ->:• 8tJini-*einoa .old'-'"-" " " ' -^^ '' lloul has d-n-anqlMp© -••'■•*■ 
. : .,ji- ior{*o orf* '■' rpa erf* eaw o* iET"5Bf>' 

./^eviifS. •I9*'^W e*j3ao fuiJ i»fu- (*iVix;G I^'OfsoXoaO 9*r.j 
..." , ..•-i^iuSC art* bns. seaiM Jo ui'f^-'- f' ■" ' ' •'•■■'■ '^^^trr- -.r; 

.aiXira loots Jbiaa ^Qnll JbBoiIJtBrr a^; rf: 

.j.!o •J.-. ;. orf* a.w *i ^a^i«^i•a9d■ erf* mon^-.ooxi 
'iorf*ws Tfjiirrf' ?^.i>,p*f?Rr snoI:*i-^l*30vni: arf* "x. 

' .'tcit«Jiori* . , f.6i*rtj?*8rfir8 srf fiJjjorfa n©r*'^Tft *nani:ioqx'i sniriooaxsnii orfj io 

■a-iS *>rf* J,> . . ... ...- AijiO 9d Mworfe *• '^ >■>'' --'^ " ■ r v - ^fiea^.lcfruf Joor, oJ:^"^- 

■3aoqri«cT s^-t^awJ-xis ©rfT .sMsIiBVXi _s**s YO»i«oOfl Io oor?: 

-no X;s-f'-Ty9fve "io aoiiuioe ©rf* o* 6lcf^.,oilq;r.i . 
iijrf* i>.*j.t.f) *3>IIoo no rtr-'-* .r-*--T^^c;r, no -"T'-- . . . 

i-,.f hluods, uno.t*.'%n' -ism hoos ■ 

"hi srf* o* no JDOQ':.-.-^ /-ij ■.r/R .-: •■::; ci.i- ,;v.'^' '' ' '' "''''" 

'' bix:: ,xrf*TOV*3f;'X* ^sXcf.'^J-Xot 9.?! .'^tt\I. tPl" 



771 



OdP aTjoratlon 'betveen the UnlverBlty and other State Departments .- In many in- 
stances, there iscwllahoration not only "between ncmbero of the same department, 
in the conduct of research hut also hetween memhere of different departments 
where there is an overlapping of interests in associated fields. There is 
cdllahoration, also hetween departments in the College of Engineering and divisions 
of the State Water Survey and State Geological Survey, "both of which are located 
on the University grounds. In addition, there I0 collaboration hetween departments 
in the College of Engineering and the Division of Illinois Highways on prohlems 
involving highway engineering and administration. 

Finances .- Many of the experimental projects initiated hy jmemhers of the 
College or Station staff have been carried on with equipment already available 
without the need of extra funds. Other projects originating within the College, 
have required additional aid that has heen supplied hy regular allowances made 
for the purpose from State appropriations. Still other projects, however, 
many of which have heen suggested by outside agencies representing professional 
and industrial Interests, have heen financed hy private funds through cooperative 
effort, hecause they required more money than the University had available for 
such purposes. These eire discussed in the following section. 
Cooperative Investigations .- In the case of cooperative investigations, the 
University supplies such staff and facilities as it has available for such use, 
including lahoratories and equipment, and heat, light, and poiror. The 
cooperating agency supplies the rest and provides the funds necessary to bring 
the investigation to a successful conclusion. The agreement in such instances 
generally provides, however, that the University shall direct and supervise 
the experiments and puhllsh the results. 

The University has not entered into cooperative agreement or arrangement 
except in cases -vdiere the cheif purpose was to estahlish fundajnental principles 
and to develop scientific information of vital importance that would have a 
general application to a wide group of engineers or Manufacturers. In general. 



^J-rteaiJ-ifiq 'on noi*BiodflXXco.ai. a'xorfd- ^Baa^os^s 

at ol'vrTT .••vo[;'1: !;,.i;;-,_,' d-: . •;<: -*' ;ic- v:;i^"Ti;I'5-!^.vp r,^ il' oiirft oiortlf 

toivJLB Jbi .TodfUiao 

'^■'■■'■'— - -■- ---f- " ' •■ •■'■ •■-— T: "Sx) oaell-oO- 6ri[* ni: 

-n'j 1^ aiocfere; . ;oqx© ©ri* Tx> v/tpM - ..sepnanjlj 

.v«rf %l:i3j)-' 

, .•giuIIoO oili' liiiiJ'iw j^IJafU^xiu r>ifo«J,o'S»i '■£s-'*i"0 .aj><m'i: B7*X9 "iij i)c*«»i i-iJ J^jjc.i : ■• 
t,.™ ^.^__.,.r. , ^,..^^^ .,j- r .^r;^^^^ nood" srr^ ^ •" ' ' --!d'^f>5B fient;;pei •(..■.■.rl 

.-'"xcr Skniixiea&Turoi aolanosB ©J&tad"«o "^rf JSetfaesBwa neocf ev±sri dotdw lo ycpsm 

..Tttfl od-fivlTq -^tf J&oonaaJtl noerf ersrad «a*a»Tc©*at IfliT:*BuJ3fit i>nF> 

,:i;aiovixrU" off* rwstW ^oaow r;>iO£!i bemlupv.'i x.od& oeoaoorf ^d-xo^le 

■itd-098 sniwbJJo^ odt at Jbosauorth sis etisriT. .Boaotrm'T rfojja 

•rni t•yJ..^■;•i ;;o;.i Id .£-.■> Mr..' , :T •■ ■a xioi:Jf)a^:>'eevxiI ovi:J-flificrooO 

.-.'•i:i ilwra tiot oldallsvB 'triQ rioire aoildiqua Tcd-ianevlxrtJ 

./^ ? k:.; od-STttMfeX.ani&t/Io'-if 

f^aootiCJani rioi/a xrl *njimt,jO'iSi3 •"'' ^-■■r-^^-. r..-. ^ . •-..„>., „. .,../+ 

v.. -J.; " ...iv- d&tiduq bOB aiaomltoqxe ,.■.{■!: 
cfnomoj-jrusiofl to !tam»otQB oVi*J3n©qooo oiai Jbeitein© tfon aad -^^Jtai&vinU : :n^ 
Go.Cql.oiiiiq liJ^naBwfimj^ dalXrf. ^Boqyssa tfucio ed* eierfw aoaaa at iqooxo 

a eviSff MiTOW iflrid- eorte:tiO( r. . ,. j, . "o n)oJ:d-*snrxo1nJ: - " '- " "cLetrob o& bcm 

,Is-c©nos nl . ^.-r.-TjctoiJlJJiUiM to a'ic^yat^U' t'' qiox* f.l)iv/ :;ilqqp lisir.nos 



772 

It has not "been interested in undertaking such work as the testing of a device or 
invention, vhere the particular advantages or gains would accrue to a single individ- 
ual or organization at the expense of the State, unless in the long run the puljlic '. . 
would "benefit from the experience in the form of improved products or services. 
' Form of Contract for Cooperative Investigation .- On September 1*^, 1920, the Board 
of Trustees approved the following regulations governing the drafting and administer- 
ing of contracts : 

"1. Contracts shall "be drafted in tentative form by the University Office 
(Or officers) who is "best acquainted with the subject ms.tter thereof, and in whose 
department lies the responsibility for the execution thereof, and approved by the 
President of the University. 

"2. All contracts prior to exocttion thereof shall be approved as to legal form 
by the University counsel; such approval to be ondoreod in writing on the contract. 

"3. All contracto ."Qhall be otocntod at least in duplicate; an original thereof 
shall be filed with, and remain in custody of, the Secretary of the Board of Trustees. 

"h. The Secretary of the Board of Trustees shall immediately file a true copy 
of all contracts, one in the office of the Comptroller of the University, and one 
with the proper officer in charge of the department immediately concerned with the 
execution of the subject matter of the contract. 

"5. All University contracts shall be executed as follows, to wit: 

(a) All major contracts or those involving some general policy shall be 
signed by the President and Secretary of the Board of Trustees, unless directed to 
bo otherwise executed by the Board of Trustees or the Executive Committee thereof. 

(b) Minor contracts arid those involving the purchase of ordinary supplies, 

advertising and publicity matters, and other routine matters in the ordinary operation 
I 
of University affairs, shall be signed by the Secretary of the Board of Trustees and 

by the Comptroller of the University, to whom authority is hereby delegated by the 

Board for such purpose. 

(c) All contracts must have the seal of the University attached." 



1. Report of the Board of Trustees, 1920, pages 77-78. 



.e30-;:riea to a&oaSyysq iiQvoig.tJ: ^ ano'i ©d^ «Jt • /tcnetf JbXtfOV 

■ 'fjitatniittbe ban stnl*lt«t6 ©rtj v>-.'i'"^ "■■"-•; anofdj.Jf/^j:'/ Qrn'voIIot. orW l)o^- •'" ' 

cevJtriU odd- x;cf iiriot evi-cfR^ 
oo"rfw III Jbxii-- ^^oicrf* led-d-aiS *06{,tfr upos d-Bod a:, orfv (ariGOillo tO) 

■ '■• tiO^Tsrf* noicl-j:/yoxs» oiu -iv'i z^lLtdtaaotjBcn exi* aoil ihnamdrtRqfoi 

■' .bovoi<yqB ccr H.irins "ioorrorfd- noi&AooxB od- 'xottrr o*?.3T*noo IL'l .S" 

~ .:o sriicffrw ni f>o9ioJbn; - od" od lovoiqq.T riouc •.' umrao xt-ta'^fO'''"^^^ ^rfd- yd 

tooierfd- iBnigiio ae ;o*flo.Hqiri5 at taoDl to ftod-Kootd orf ISxaU^ od-oxvxd'noo ! 
yd-ajrxT lo firteoS offd "to xT^qd-eiooS £>dd- «^ xJ&o^ewo nl njectei fuifl ^rid-iw belL'l ^xi ii^ii?i 
Xcron etnt a eLtt •zL&&filh-7!Sss!il ILsda aes^fatrxT "io btSioK oif* "ic t'^ad-feTneS edT .4" 
ono JE»na ^xitB'x■zvtaV •irfd' 'io icIXo'sd-cjmoO -ctrfd- 1o ooiY>o orld- ni ©no ^Q&os1iaot) JULa 1c 
eAi dthr jbomeoitoo v^lQ&BlbfUBml &netai'ssq@b arid' l!0 ojix^/o nt ifofYio laffoia arfd- rfd'Jhii 

.&oatiao:^ erf* !» •ts^d-ani ;+• io no,'-*r/oex' 

.jwollol 3jj X>od-«oeX6 erf Xii^xlR ad'oo^drioo -i^d^iaiovifiU ■ 
^.■ '-Ju. J unoQ snivIovnJ: tJEoxid" 10 u&OBrcfnoo tolBta Ilk { ■) 

ri.t boiti-ottb ly 'rswfi to .^i.-oi' • -[d 'vf> >ci«dei063 btm irto^iaoiT orfd- ^id" f)8n:ii 

J .-xerfd- oo^d'lflanoO 6vi*if06x5I ainT T» irsnoZ orfd- ij<f fjod-xrooxo ©aitrxodito od 

»QeUq[(Ii/0 Tj^anJrJi-EO "io oaMoxva odd BCiVXo-ml oaorld- bna ad-oBi*noo lonlM (<f) 
noid.steqp •^lan'iltrro r>rf* ni Qiod-d-eai eriId:;oi todio baa \n'y.<iirJS. \ii.otL6uci btui snialdnovlui 
fiftn asod-ainT "to brmoE arid- to ^'c-t;-7.ov.c; urid x^ /vsngia c.-rf Ilnria ^ailst^i^ \;d-laiovinU " 
urfj- Yd' X)( ci -V, J [ jJi ^.d'uiorf gf Yd-.'/roiid;;!. iiioxfw od- , 7,d- [-anevlftU offct to •xoXXoitfqinoO erid 

.• Rorrtiiq' rfoua lot f)«SjiJoa 
v,d±arr&rlXil 

.'"■' .,_':^ • ■ ^awud'etiiT 'iu h ■ 



773 
The following agreement governing the conduct of cooperative investigation is in 

effect in 19^5: 

ARTICLE OF AGPEMENT hetveen the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois, 

Urhana, Illinois, Partyof the First Part, hereinafter called the University, and 

(Enter here nam© and 
address of second party 
to the agreement, using 
corporate or other 
legal title.) 

Party of the Second Part, hereinafter called the Sponsor, for a cooperative in- 
vestigation descrihed as follows: 

the investigation to he carried out by the University through 

one of its research agencies, vmder the terms and conditions specified herein. 

(1) This agreement is executed for the following period: 

with the understanding that it may he extended for additional periods under the 
same terms or such other terms as may he mutually agreed upon; provided that the 
sponsor shall request such extension in writing not less th^m thirty(30) days 
hefore this original agreement expires. The University reserves the right to de- 
cline to extend this agreement heyond the expiration date if the scientific or 
scholarly results realized or reasonably anticipated do not in the judgment of its 
officials warrant continuation of the program. 

(2) Tha University will supervise and direct all experimental work and the com- 
putation and reduction of all results obtained, together with the placing of these 
d8.ta into form for presentation. 

(3) The University will furnish the necessary space for this Investigation, to- 
gether with heat, light, power, and water. In addition, it will permit the use of 
such laboratory apparatus and experimental facilities as it may possess which are 
not in use for other purposes. It is agreed, however, that apparatus, equipment, and 
and other facilities not available In the laboratories of the University, and all 
materials and supplies required in the Investigation, shall be purchased from and 
charged against the funds for this investigation provided by the Sponsor. 

(U) The conduct of the investigation shall be under the full control of the 
University. 



loija^tjaoYai evtifiioqooo l:© toabnoo sdt aalo^ovos taoan 



Jii-uy. 'i ::^.;i ;t' .^v 



■^ ,X*teiQVtria Qd& 5oIJ.R0 tr-&'h:rJ^,ioti .*1jl51 .t-^iiil erfc^ -k-.yr^iii^ ^alonHn - • ,f-.'T 



33 jSnr/i'J 



■^i'*"^- -;' uofJ-j3i^B-,vni vlW 



.'i rl [. .I'tloeqa aaoi^ilwioo lias anrxsi sriJ fjbciti iSoxoueac rf^*?' 



J-i "io d-arjifRgJjf-'f, orI.+ n,f .^^rt oft n 



.- s&rid'sjgod' ^bonir-Jio n&lijB^^i XLo Tco noi^owiai bru: nci&B&siq 
aotie&aeQG'sti lol mot o&ni set '5 






(5) All records of the investigation are to "be the property of the University 
and the Sponsor. Tlie original records shall he kept on file hy the University, 
"but copies of all such records shall "be fvirnished the Sponsor or his duly authorized 
representative on request. The University shall have the exclusive right to publish 
the resultB of the investigation when completed, in the form of a bulletin or 
bulletins, or otherwise. No account of a cooperative research project shall be 
published by the Sponsor or by any other agency, except upon approval of the 
division of the University or head of jbhe Department in which the work is being 
done . 

Prior to such publication, no publicity shall be given to any of the results of 
the investigation except upon the recommendation of with the approval of the 
University and the Sponsor, unless the scientific value of a discovery made during 
the, coui'se of the investigation be euch that, in the Judgment of the University, 
the public interest requires pron^t release or publication thereof. The publication, 
if any, shall contain a description of the investigation and a report of the results 
and conclusions; full credit shall be given the Sponsor and every person and agency 
having made a significant contribution to the results obtained. 

(6) . Authorized representatives of the Sponsor shall at all times have access to 
the data secured and results computed from the investigation, subject, however, to 
the roatrictions named in Article 5. The University will submit such reports of 
progress to the Sponsor as may seem desirable. An Advisory coimalttee may be ntmed 
by the parties to consist of such persons and have such duties as may be mutually 
agreed upon. 

(7) It is agreed that all results of experimental work. Including patentable 
discoveries, carried on \inder the direction of the ecientific staff of the 
University, belong to the University and to the public and shall be used and con- 
trolled so as to produce the groetost benefits to the public. 

It is agreed that if patentable discoveries grow out of the investigation 
and such discoveries have commercial value, the Sponsor, upon payment of the entire 
cost of securing a patent, shall be given free use of the patent as a non-exclusive 
llcensees^^t being agreed that other licenseoB shall pay the University a royalty 
which in the opinion of the University la fair to the Sponsor and to the Public. 

The Sponsor shall notify the University in writing whether it will pay the 
costs of filing on application and procuring a patent on any discoveries which 
may be patentable within sixty (60) days from the date when the University gives 
the Sponsor notice of any such discovery. In case the Sponsor does not wish to 
assume the expense of securing a patent, the University may, in its discretion 
do so, and the Sponsor shall bo given a non-exclusive license on substantially 
similar terms as other licensees. 

(8) The money contributed for this investigation shall be held as a special 
fund and shall be so carried on the booka of the University. Payments from this 
fund shall be rmde only on vouchers approved by officers of the University in^ 
immodiate or supervisory charge of the investigation. At the close of the period 
covered by this agreement, the Comptroller shall render an accounting to the 
Sponsor . 

As partial reimbursement to the University for Indirect coots and to provide 
for employer contributions for annuities, disability, Jand death benefits, a 
general charge of 
will be deducted from the payments made by the Sponsor. 






OXIOll 



TO -t^.rn^' 



■._-r- TJ■.•-'-.^.r^f!;^ 



7inU 



iii-u; x.Oi'iiq ^.'Aw 






.Ll.:,'-'^ •:. fjcf -yifni 63 aoid-x/Ii riowa ovjsr? fine anoanoq Aotm lo ^etanoo o* 



■ji'/'d'r.-'H offt o.i .&.'i/i '.rosnoqa .^jrf* oi Tint i;i: y<"' 






utRcfiiB no seneoH evfau/oxo-n'^fi .e 



'•ffTdrsoo V 



r^oj ^. 









onocfS ©rf* \;rf oImsbt Bin 



775 



(9) The sponsor agreoe to pay to the University the Sum of 



to cover the expenses of this investigation, such payments to "be according to the 
following schedule: 



(Checks should "be drawn payable to the "University 
of Illinois" and remittances should Tse sent to the 
Comptroller, University of Illinois, Urhana, Illinois.) 



IT IS UlSDERSTOOD AND AGREED THAT the payment of the above sum ao stipulated is con- 
ditioned upon the conduct of the Investigation "by the University with due diligence 
BO as to secure the greatest possihlo progress consistent with the nature of the work. 

(lO) All technical, clerical, cjid other personnel necessary for the effective 
prosecution of this investigation shall "be employed hy the University and paid 
from funds provided "by the Sponsor. Such personnel shall he eriployees of the 
University during their emploj-^omnt in this investigation and shall in all respects 
he suhject to the rules and regu.latlons of the University governing staff memhers 
and errrployeos. 

(ll) It is agreed that under no circumstances will the Sponsor state or iciply in 
any advertisement or other puhlislied announcement that the University has tested or 
approved any manufactured product, manufactured, sold, or distributed under a specific 
hrand, name, or trademork. It is also agreed hy the Sponsor that it will not under 
any circumstances use the nnmo of the University in any advertisement, whether 
with reference to the cooperative agreement or any other matter. 



IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the authorized officers of the respective parties have here- 
unto set their hands and the seals of the parties, this 



day of 



(Month) 



., 19_ 



(Date) 



APPROVED FOE THE UNTVliBSITr BY: 



Head of Department 



Doan or Dlroctor 
(As to legal form) 



THE BOARD OF TRUSTEES OF THE 
(Date) UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS, PARTY OF 

THE FIRST PART 

iDate) By 

Comptroller 



(Date) By. 



By_ 



Secretary 



Party of the Second Part 



1500— l^-U- -28159 



By_ 



1o raue od* ^^.latsviriCf aria 



toBJioqa i'rfT ((?) 






•• bluode &'.ioriici&thuot J&ns "aloalill 1o 



.-•..rlT odd- x«f fioiii^R.'.d-aovnl srto to toixiKioo edd" noaw Jbono?*l.'j 
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(oto'I L^el o* a a) 



t'.q' Srfo-*')^ erf+ T-f^ --■•■•<?<'■ 



776 

B. PERSONNEL ' 

Director.- Frofessor L. P. Breckenridge, Head of the Department of Mechanical 

Engineering, vas Director from Jxme 2, 1905, to September 1, 1909- After that time, 

the Dean of the College automatically "became Director "by authority of the Board of 

1, 
Trustees. Accordingly, Dean F. V. M. Goes vas Director from September /1909, to July 

1, 1913; and again from September 1, 1915, to March 1, 191? • Dean C. E. Richards 

vas Acting Director from July 1, 1913, to September 1, 1915; and Director from March 

1, 1917, to September 1, 1922. Dean M. S. Ketchim vas Director from September 1, 

1922, until September 1, 1933- Dean A. C Willard vas Director from September 1, 

1933, until Septemher 1, 193^^. Dean M. L. Enger has "been Director from Septemher 1, 

193*; to date. Biographical sketches of these men are given under Deans In another 

chapter of this puhlication- 

Assistant Director .- On September 1, 191^3, Maurice K. Fahenetock became the first 

Assistant Director of the Station.His "biographical sketch appears under Mechanical 

Engineering. 

Aosi stants to the Director .- The following have served as Assistant to the Director, 

in immediate chergeof the correspondence, preparation of the illustrations, proof 

reading, and publication of bulletins, and in charge of mailing, and so on. 

E. W. Rutt. m.e. '03 from July 29, 1905, to May 18, 1910 



S. A. Swift 

T. D. Yensen, e.e. '07 

A. K. Chittenden 

T. "W. Dieckman, L.A.Se S. 'I5 

C. S. Sale 

F. D. Crawshaw 

M. E. Ridden 

Helen H. Peffer 



October 2k, 1910, to April 2*^, 1912 
Se^jtember 30, 1912, to January 27,1913 
' Fe"bruary 11, 1913, to July h, 191k 
' September 2k, 191*;, to July 3, 1915 
' November 29, 1915, to May 20, 1918 
• February 17, 1919, to May 5, 1919 
' January 12,1920, to November 1, 19^5 
' November 1, 19^5 to date 



Biographical sketches of some of these persons follow. 

Roy Weaver Rutt . (B.S. in M.E., 1903, University of Illinois), was engaged in 

engineering practice after graduation until 1905, when he became Assistant to the 

Director of the Engineering Exiperiment Station here. He continued with the Station 

work until 1910, when he resigned to accept a position with the Western Electric 

Company at Chicago. 

Elizabeth Andrews Swift , (A.B., 1909, L.and A., University of Illinois), served as 

Assistant Editor in the Engineering Escperiment Station from Oct. 1910 to April, 1912. 



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-... : '.A " le'i^-^^ '^ '-"^ 

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;ir jjogxsant^ aBW ^ (a f orti:.CXI "io ltd'igiovlflU ȣ0?X ^.S.M al .ci.ff) .J-J -^g 'f jvaeW^ c 
oxt* oi Ortad-alaaA eoisoetf erf nfoxfw ,?0^i .[Lcfryj acJtdrJjL'sis 10*^-- 

ir'tM-l^.rr- •'•<■ (-...W ..-r.t <\:^^-^ nr^^-^-A.-. ■ rYrrr,.-.., ■ ,-.* ,^,.^^,,..^. . .; .... ,„ ^ OXW it&iir ■''!-.. 

otrfO d-B "v;.. 

, (ci'oiiiXXI Io v. ' ( ■ ) ••T'i.twG B VsiottA :li'i6:i3 in 



777 

Alfred Knl^t Chittenden , (Ph- B., 1900, and M.F.. , 1902, Yale University), was 
employed in forestry service until 1913-the years 1905-I3 "being vith the U. S. 
Govomment. He served as Lecturer on Timber Resources at the University of Illinois 
during 1913-1*<- and as Assistant to the Director of the Station from Felsruary, 1913^ 
to July, 191't- 

Thomas Wilhur Dleckmann . (A.B., 1915, University of Illinois), served as Assistant 
to the Director of the Station from September, 191^, to July, 1915, while he was a 
senior in the College of Literal Arts and Sciences here at the University. Mr. 
Dleckmann left the station to continue in Enolneerlng practice. 
Helen H. Peffer , (A.B., 1919, University of Kansas; A.M., 1927, University of 
Illinois), was Editorial Assistant in the Agricultural Experiment Station here 
from 1923 to 1927 and Assistant in JoumaliDm from 1927 to 1930. She then served 
with Refrigerating Engineering in New York until November, 19*»-5, when she "became 
Editor in the Engineering Experiment Station. 

The "biographical sketches of the others on the list are given elsewhere in 
this publication,*- T. D. Yensen imder Electrical Engineering, C.S. Sale under 
Civil Engineering, F. D. Crawshaw imder Assistant Deans, and M.R. Rlddell iinder 
Mechanical Engineering. 

Draftsman - On Fe"bruary 3, I918, Mr. Elmer Franklin Heater, who was graduated 
from the Department of Electrical Engineering at the University of Illinois in 
1911, "began as draftsman for the Engineering EScperiment Station in the work of 
editing and preparing of drawings for "bulletins and circulars authorized for 
publication by the Station, -a work he has continued to date. From 1932 to 1939, 
Mr. Heater had the title of Research Assistant and from 1939 to 19*^1, Research 
Associate - Since 19^1, he has had the rank of Research Assistant Professor. 
Research Staff .- The work of investigation is conducted in part by members of the 
instructional staff, who give as much time to research as their regular class- 
room and laboratory duties permit, for most persons recognize that the best way to 
advance themselves and the interests of their students and the College generally 
is to carry on some kind of research. The greater part of the research work of 



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, . iBjrcrft.''? croti: aotd-wd-a adt to to*oot.tcr ed* o* tf.. 'X-£I9I anfrnJi 

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t^^t^r .ted;"--.-,'.'" Xid-rw i-xoYv&Hfi.f 8niiO;7nJ-?^a anii^-'ic.-gHleH ri*]rif 

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■iuOaii 'iuitfjuii hvmuox .u . ..iwcf aldd" 

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;iuiiiii'.vcq:)& ^al-'Tvi-aniafil'I siici 'iv l n.'scrod'tB'tfi Qa nojjecf ^XX^X 

■MV-- ''■'T • :'-\^ od- JSoirniiTtoo and &d ■>''•.■;■'•' • ,;"^i:d'3d-3 ©rid- X!f iio}.t.''.olL<Svq_ 

:''-r.;;o'-3t5T .X^v .oil firt^ J/i.'^oiBaA r- ...Id-td- erfd J&M ted-fleH .•«( 

.lOQBolcrc^ ' ■ to7?vo->a "io :i{n:vt srid ; ^X4lQX sontB .o*3ioe :;\ 

ftoo ai flold'tss' -row oiPT -. '^Ircra ri ytco agg 

- ■ .1 -1 I r.i.-c i ,-j- oral d- do 'x^ •:. . . ', orfw- ^ll/iJ-g IrnoMoirt&oni 

Y.i-v jaocf wd.J d-r.dd- • . ; d-aom lolt ,d'J-inocr aeid-irX* v'TAi-.'io (.',:.;; ?,r-., (.ro-vT 

.r/ i'l .:r. smoXtoO od;* Am? aJ-ftefetrd-f! ifsdd- "io o^eeTeint odd- /w: 



778 

the Station, however, is carried on by the Research Corp^, which includes a nuniber 
of full-time investigators, by special investigators employed for a limited period 
on some particu3.Qr project, and by a group of Research Graduate Assistants, 1*0 
devote half of their time to research work of the Station and the other half to 
graduate study in engineering, as described more fvilly in the following paragraph. 
Research Graduate Aosistantships .- In 1907, the Board of Trustees voted that the 
Engineering Ebcperiment Station be authorized to offer ten fellowships of an annual 
value of $500 each. The number was later Increased end. the value improved until in 
191^5, the University normally maintains foxur'teen graduate assistantships at $600 
each that are assigned to the Station. In addition, several other assistantships r^' 
are generally maintained by industrial firms, -the number varying from year to year 
according to circumstances. These assistantships are oped to graduates of 
approved universities and colleges, who are prepared to imdertake graduate study 
in engineering, physics, or chemical engineering, with exdmptions from tuition and 
laboratory fees in courses that count for graduate credit. Appointment must be 
acce^jted for two consecutive collegiate years, at the end of which time, when all 
requirements have been met, the student will receive the degree of master of 
science. Wot more than one -half of the student's time is generally required for 
more than ten months of the year to be spent upon the investigations. The 
remainder of his time is available for gr-aduate study. 

Those young men carry out the details of the experiments, working directly 
under a senior member of the staff who has had long years of training in methods 
of conducting research. This relationship provides a splendid opportunity for 
young men to become trained in methods of laboratory research and scientific 
experimentation and to acquire individual and creative initiative in the conduct 
of investigational practice, -all vital factors in the preparation for professional 
life. The work, including the securing of data, the checking and rechecking of 
results, the preparation of charts and diagrams Involving extensive computations 
in many cases, and the presenting of the results in suitable form for publication 
in carefully written bulletins, all requires extreme care and accuracy and is a 



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'ft* J&nn ctotioi' vr xfoosoaoi od- aatl:* ttedf 1o ^tsxi otcv (; 

TivoXXol • otoa J&ec ..ifieonlane izi yJ»}*H otmstuyx^ 

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•'nJt iQ&sl asw •locfinwn oxIT .ifoa-. OOi?^ "Jxj 9ii.D?v 
oric>$ ir, BgtrlQ^noJ-aiBCf, od-sirAaTB xia6*Tc;/ol: aniii^nt^sn icIXcnnofi TC^ieioviflU eil* ,C49.f. 

-' ■' '• d- j6c-qo oxi sqidad-xtsd-aicoji saoriT .n-.oivn&asuvito od grribtoaoe 

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ollldweioQ J&ao : ajborid-sfa ni i>oirta's* t^jooecT o* aeta S'la ; 

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rioJtQBe'to'Kj to'i ctoiS&tBq^'tq -di .:i ti'io:to:~'i Li&ly X.L.-}-,eioid-OJ5iq LiaoitsQ'i&ahimJ t' 

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• iXcTi/cj 10I cnot aXd"j3*ixra oi si^Ii/eov ©rf* lo jyfi*xioeo'i 



•779 

valuable educational experience for any young man. This atnosphere of research, 
which they gradually ahsorh, becomes to them somevhat unconsciously prehaps, a 
mode of life. 

Numher of Persons on the Station Staff .- 0^ July 1, 1910, the special research staff 
consisted of one assistant professor, one special investigator, two associates, 
four assistanto, nine research graduate assistants, one assistant to the director, 
and one assistant editor. On July 1, 19^0, the Station staff consisted of seven 
recoarch professors, four resoarch associate professors, seven research assistant 
professors, seven research associates, twelve research assistants, twenty research 
graduate assistants, one asolstant to the director, and one draftsman. 

C. PUBLICATIOMS 
General . - Tho Station has always maintained the policy of puhlishing accounts of 
its experiments as soon as they can "be made available to the public so that those 
interested may have, at the earliest moment, the benefits of the experience and 
conclusions reached. In fact, one of the advantages of University research lies in 
the freedom with which it can distribute the unrestricted reports of its findings. 
When the results of an invest igatlonal project are considered to be ready for 
publication, three copies of tho manuscript are presented to tho Director, and these 
are in turn, delivered to a special committee of three persons in theCollege of 
Engineering for examination and report as to quality, value, and form. The 
manuscript and the reports are then considered by the Station staff; and if 
satisfactory, the manuscript is ordered printed. All manuscripts are very carefully 
prepared typographically, literally, and technically, which is one reason for the 
high quality of the publications of the Station. 

Most of the results of the experiments have been put out from time to time in 
the form of bulletins, 358 of \*ich have been issued up to the end of 19^5- These 
bulletins are composed largely of original materials developed from the observations 
made by the Station staff. The results of other investigations hsroe been presented 
jn the form of circulars, 50 of which have been Jjublished at the close of 19^5- 



•ioAqBoniB sJtriT .asm ymox '^ccs not so^^J^•le<^I© Lacsot&rsoabe eLdauLav 

,.^q. ri; ',;r vLauoioartoomr c^sritfcmoa me:.' ' ^ J-LsirBfiig •^tirW' rioJrlw 

.till 1o Cjbon 

t3 noJtJgJ "o ■fj' rt?! Gao-. Toq to •xednnsll 

■*Tt ^rIo&JS^^&eQral. X^i.: roaacilotq en '^o he&BtBOOo 

tna^BlBB. •f).'3ts rfo'XBQse'St mta ,o*iiUi*3taaa •xuot 

'to "ictrnroooB snl:rf.'ji.£cr:,ri In x^iiog orlJ fionir,v;iii.jj ux/JWiB s:)irf notd';.;*C crfT -. lafefloC 
i>aor{-'- ■ '- ' -ItSsjq c-di o* elcrBXlovj? ol>am ©cf aso xo^W" 9fl nooa as Gd-nRmii&qxo fi*! 

'.f/i -^-i'i ed" o* i><J•xof).tf^^oo exT ^oetotc iruTOld-agii-novnt xi£« 1o atliSBBt oxJ.+ nuriW 

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lo ogeXIcCcrft /t" laostcq c-rrKt '^- ,..:?•?■ .'■naaoo Xsiooiia s^. o-^ f^'t^-rl^Iob i_atu& c^t. ©if 

tiifj a *Wq«'» M« XI rot SKit«tjniSo8; 

i-fJieJbl'Sinoo tted* qts. Btioq&n erf* Ia;i .tqi-xoeuzi-x' 

" "•-'■•' -" ■'■■■■' • .Xleo^nffood- Ma ^%J'.lsitf:>&ii ^ilI.ool.dcBrQQqiZtfbet'—-^''^. 

tf* lo d-aoiM 

jTie erfd- c.- n;ee<f enrsd dot't: . ..•.t&&lLad 'to tsnol e&d 

lu-vi. cu::; u.'w no*!*!: /jeqoXt^vol atSi'SO lo -vi^-ij'i .i L^'joqiaoo et- nrrid'oXXwrf 

-v^ ...-.-.v„ :-"-"r fwrf ojctoi* istdeov;. .o s^Xuoei orfT ."^tii^a uolia&B vd& y,€ &hir 

•Ij '[{& &3 bedBtlduil noccT ev tI rioiffff lo 0^ ^^isXtfoiJro "to wtol ori* n? 



780 

Circulars contain. In addition to original information obtained ty the research 
staff here, such other materials as are appropriate that have been provided by other 
agencies including federal and other state Institutions, private corporations, and 
Individual enterprise. Other publications issued by the Station are reprints of 
articles appearing In the technical press, but vritten by members of the University 
staff and others, on subjects appropriate for reproduction by the College of 
Engineering. Reprints were not authorized by the Station until 1931, since vhich 
time, 31 had been issued up to the end of 19^5. Table XXVII shows the authorship 
of these publications by departments. 



TABLE XXV 11. -DEPARTMENTAL AUTHORSHIP 



ENGINEIEING EXPIEIMMT STATION PUBLICATIONS* 



Department 



SINGLE DEPARTMMT 



Bulls . 



Circs, 



Reps. 



JOINT DEPARTMENT 



Bulls. 



Reps. 



Architecture 

Ceramic Engineering 

Civil Engineering 

Electrical Engineering 

General Engineering 
Drawing 

MochEinical Engineering 

Mining and Metallurgical 
Engineering 

Physics 

Railway Engineering 

Theoretical and Applied 
Mechanics and Municipal 
and Sanitary Engineering 

Chemical Engineering 

total 



18 
k2 
23 

1 
68 

26 
lU 

22 

82 
33 



333 



50 



31 



h9 



Some of these publications represent investigations that have bean carried 
on in entirely new fields of study; others represent studies that have served to 



1. Includes Bulletin 358, Circular '^t^ and Reprint 3I 



1^0 Y,d" bebivotq Aeerf Bvad &aAi Q&attqptqqR eis as BlstiQ&am ierf*o down ^6^©ri Yta&Q 

uBiovtnU edd- to anerfraein "^d" ;Ted-cti'iv ^Ud" ^fr;iiior laolridoat or{* nt snitaeqqx? QwIoi^TDs 

l:o agoXIoO odd' x^ noid-owiioiqei -jol sd'atifjoicfq:^! od'oetcfMB no tatodd-o fuie 'i'lud-a 

rioidw otiaiQ ^X£QI Xicf«« noJd'iJd'S sdd -^d 6osl*iodd-tfB d-on &iew siaitqoH •snitoenianS' 

rtrfpnodd-x/fi eri* gwods "IITXX o.tdi:.T .?4?I "io toe artt o* <jw j&ewsni naorf b&d I£ ,0x1!* 

. ndTfymdTL8qoJ& Tjd anoWsoiXcfifg oaedd "io 

PIOITATS TM&iMI«H1Xa OWlSfTaWIOM TO lIHaHOHTlJA .TATtJSJvrra^Tia- IIVXX aJ?AT 

:_^ ' ?' riois5dT:£jfj;oCi 

: .acroH 



W 



Xf. 



oe 



SnlioonJtSi-© Xi<'; - D 



nr.fnrffr 



?jnJ:'Sc-uni:^. 



b.oJtXqqA fine XboI?'.- ■ 
Xagtoirrf^ hew- r:ottiM{ :• 
ativf-nlSaiE Tjind-iasS inn 



-d evfid -tad* rmot^esld-gevnl: Jno^cvjt^jpi anolcreoilduq e3od* I0 oraoS 
-T'jd d-Bri* aell>y.+n ^r^^-iCTtrr-r Ti;r'fdT :^.^jr^-, 1r^ -^MqII won -"cXoil^fno ai no 



781 



iDroadon the areas of information in fields already estatliehed. All of 
fchem have had a part, then, in extending the "body of engineering knowledge 
and in prcaaoting a greater efficiency in industrial development. They 
have heen distributed to nearly all the countries of the world and some of 
them have "been translated into man;^'- foreign languages. They appear to 
have hoen as well received ahroad as at home "by the engineering profession, 
to have heen generally regarded as authoritative in their particular lines, and 
to have heen influential in extending the reputation of the College of 
Engineering. The results of the investigations have "boon repuhlished in 
many of the leading engineering Journals, "both at homo and abroad, and 
have "been extensively quoted in various treatises dealing with subjects 
in engineering. 

Because the investigations of the Station experimental worfc have 
extended over a period of years and have touched almost every phase of 
engineering enterprise, it is not possible because of obvious limitations 
in space, to describe in this publication in some detail any more than a 
few of the outstanding projects that are under way or that have been com- 
pleted. These are considered in the following paragraphs. 

a. The Ceramic Industries 
General . - Tlie experimentation by the University in the field of coramicc 
and ceromic engineering, has included a systematic study of the chemical 
and physical properties of the natural ceramic resources of the State for the 
purpose of ascertaining the possibilites of the development of new industries 
and the improvement of those already established. These experiments have been 
the moans for providing much useful information to the manufacturers and users 
of ceramic products. Some of these studies are described briefly in the next 
few pages. 



To o£3c.-! />r[.: 6.r.iow orf* lio' avtT&aiSoo v.rIJ- Xj>. liliBon o* bodudttiolb aeoi- ovsrf 

/rj^lo'cq s^t'soonijinw. orfit •v';cr Gfirori d-.'s as buotfSB bovt&oo't XIow sa noorf ev^id 

';)oIIor) cri* to aolia&sstjQt odd- aaiJined-x^'- ni Lr>t&a'.-uLtnt not-d" ov?;! o* 

ni bvdailduqo'i noorf'ovfsrf Bnold'asJtd'aoynt ori* to st.Qrcf3i orfT .snlic-.nianS 

b".:? jhaoid".' i)£i;i oworf ^.;. rlJod" ,8Xi3n'B/ot, grrtioonisnc gniitBoX udd "^Lo ••^ra?:': 

B&o-^tdm rf*iw ^.;rij:I.' cjb ^u3xd■J3J'xc^ u/xoi'isy nl f)o*oup x-t'Jviancd'Xo noorf ovixl 

ovmI 5{iow Xndrt&inl'iocrxfv aoii^&P. orfcf t--* BiTOld-.n-tU*3':)Trn2 orf* oaxfxjooff 

lo onsrffT isrcovo ^sois-Cj? bcdonoi cvfirf &io sx^^ox "io botioq a tovo fi&f^nod-Xb 

linoicfsd-fiiti.r. 'jwoivcfo lo i '-.'rxjoucf oXcficoo'^f J-on •:! oi ^c.9ii«rie*ao anJriooxlisnt 

j; nadt fiosa Tcrrr. Xr-i-oL sfjoo ni aoi-*.::oiXcraq nidS ni ucfi-ioRoJf) o* ,coj5qci nl 

~jp-Ti r< f ...T :,-f tf^rfd- to 'c-hw loLctu s-'T:'. d.-rf* 8d-oot,o*iq snl-B^s^.'j+uo orid- lo vo'j: 

■,{q.':'.i3.f.i-i'(T ^nlwoXXol odd" nl j6oifc/i>lanc3 ot-- cnoriT .JboJr-Xr 

aoijK'rf-o !■ nl Y,*la-xovJtnU odd- ^rf notd-^d-noffilioqx'. ,ifi' - i^l'lf^? 

X-iolmorio Off' ■";> 7j;\fj oliamod-aiED ,i bobuLont gnri ,snl'-i.onlsao oJana-^uo l»ix,-: 
oAi lol o*.tjd3 c.ri.t ^o aoo-xtfoo's-x oii&i'Xoo Xxsiucf^-sn ori* lo .'i&lif'xefroiq: Xisola-^irlc fixr 
•: i'r:t'?^'N^J won lo d-nanffoXovefi ©rid- 1» ood'iXitfiB'aoq arid- .rjntnlsd'icoafl lo eBocrcwq- 
i ^s.'fll'16'pto t>Bc.riT .Borf9lXrffi*Qfc> rjJb3t)-tX.'^ oeorid^ V.' ^^iiocrovoncpnl odd" fiiv 
"fcaw inn Biotu^tostanxm ori* od- nofdaciio'Lil It/looi; dojan snlAl voiq •xol Qrto->/tr odd 
*t<a(i odd' ni icCloltrf Jbcdlio'jofi o-ic aolftnd-G oaodd- lo ono^ .cdot'J&onq oiaerroo lo 

.'1^ v^icf w..-~ 



782 

Porcelains. - An inveetigation under direction of Professor C- W. Parmelee relating 
to the translucency of porcelains, the results of which were recorded in Bulletin 
I5U, provides valuable information regarding the characteristics of porcelain 
materials end rocommendB a special design of photo-electric cell as a convenient 
device for measuring the grades of translucency. 

A report representing an investigation made "by ProfeBdoro C- W. Pamelee. and 
J.O. Krn.ohon'buehl in cooperation with the Utilities Research Committee of Northern 
Illinois, on porcelain insulators, was puhliohed in Bulletin 273- The purpose of 
the study was to ohserve the relation rnd correlation "between the electrical and 
mechanical properties of porcelain inaulatorc furnished "by manufacturers of high- 
voltage equipment and those of simllex "bodloo produced under laboratory conditions. 
Clay Bodies .- Because the resistance that clay hodies offer to thermal shock, or 
the Impact resulting from quenching by water, air, or other means, is often used 
as a "basis for comparisono of their physical-strength character! st ice, it seemed 
appropriate to undertake a study of this Bu"bject. Consequently, a series of 
experienents were carried on "by Mr. W. R. Morgan in cooperation with the Clay 
Products Association, that were summarized in Bulletin 229- These involved the 
measuring of the resistance that specimens offered to transverse "breaking after the 
shock, -the moot resistant "being considered to "be the one that showed the greatest 
transverse strength. The practical value of the work is that it provides a means 
for grading spocimenp that coJi serve as a criterion for designing resistant "bodies 
and for controlling the plant during their manufacture. 

Anothnr set of invostigations conducted "by Mr. Morgan related to oxidation 
and loss of weight of clay "bodios during firing. The experiments recorded in 
Bulletin 28i^, provide data showing the temperature intervals in which loss of 
weight occurs: most rapidly and the congelation "between loss of weight, water, 
car"bon, end sulphxir, and the oxidation properties of a large number of commercial 
clay "bodios used in the manufacture of heavy clay products, there"by ascertaining 
the most advantageous temperature range for proper oxidation. 



nld"L..f.Xxfa! nl Tjcfnooon wtew rfolrfv to Bctlu-^o'S eit^ (Onti^Iooioq- to •■.;>: oi^ivi.^icJ od* od^ 

nir.Iorjiorf lo aol^i^tl&iop.iBdo orid' aftlLies'^''^ -f •"•-'>r'J cldaslssv zablrotq ^4^1 

•J ■:' -.'iT'.- ,aj3 iXoo oi'x*3oI&-oi'OfIg to rjgte aba&tmoTsor ba^i n£jii's»&m 

.'{,onGoalB.art& .to G.&fiaTS erf* sni's"a^"'<jra ''to^ eo'tvo^ 

ni&;W-<.oK lo ^ -..tj-txarioO i{otr:eco>T 39J•:c^J:I!:iU oriv-f- ri*tw nq.£*;5*x&tTC>o» ni Irlafftfn.^if •■ ^t? .OL 

tc oaoqiuq t^rfT .f.^'i :i:.&<i.Ut:E nt boAoildssq ajw taso*i3lxiDal: nL-Xoo-xocj xio laionllXI 

fijx" Xeoii^ooXti .ifd- fiiowJecT nold-sIoYioo fsa-s noWojEon erf* sTTiearfo od- ivw ^JEiir^a orfj^ 

-rlB^rt to Pi-.;nudojstJ;nflni ijcf fiorln frrsjj-t nioit^iirsn"- x'-J'-I-ortOfr to ac t-J^ioqciq Irairwriooci 

.sit>l:flbaor> -ivji a'todrd lobntr .booirSo'rc: ai-'f&ocf iBXJxn.ta to c-sorf* Xxcw ^centrlwpo oJisJIov 

A>oojj nej'to al , oru'-Si'.fi lorfd'o io ^rctis ,ioJ-.?w -^d" snirfo«'.'Up moit vjKt*Xff9oi dooanl .*i{* 

fiettBDoa i^l ^aoid'aJt'sod'obiHifo ridi^sid'a-Xso*'??"".'??' Tf^Kd- to nnoGl^inqEtoo rEot alaiJcf r. q,' 

to 86jti©9 J3 j-^cJ-nojjpearroO .daof.o'w oiCcd-X-aro; ot jt-ittcjotaqji 

Y^XO erf* rfdiw noicJ-.o-xcqoo'j r.x r.iip^tol: ow sdnsaotioqxo 

oricJ- biivLovnt eeoxfT .<^S ni*eli.ya nl :, . ••jv -l.-.i.t .;;? ' t.-.LooRuA adoiifjO'iT 

rl* 10*10 snt2tewn<f oeiovamjt* o* /)oietto t. ..■ . ;'_:« oonedaiG^jT orf* to snl-arcoos: 

i'eod'Re'JB ■•'^'^* J^oworfe J-i^ri* eno orfd- orf o* Lono^iartoo siii^cT ^rtPd-aJrasji d-aom orf*-,:rfooffa 

:irzr"a .: :. .-(.f-vcTq Ji: d:?,:f:^ r.J: 3{iow crTJ to^ ovlisv Xool^OBlKr edSJ ..rWS'io^a oqrtsve.T; ••\v+ 

aol^ocf d-fluia t3&«[ S«Jt£q^&tji> lot noii-id-j-.io :■ yp * ■ ^rf* onaffli&oga • 

.o'urdo.'tif.xrin irsrfd -yii •:;..". .f^i.Xg crfd- gfiiXXondro-) •■(.-■ :. 

noidflfilxo oJ .6odj3Xti n^BioM .tM x^f £'i>d"ojj-XuTO0 anoIdTolJ"coynt to *'..a torid-oxiA 

ifi ij.Mooe-c a.+a©niio<Txe sriT .^rtjiit gntTariS aoJtfiocf lyiCo to drfgiow to aaoX lirtr. 

to aeol rioJtrf\< ni a. \"it..t::i j'^-ujd-t.qra©* arf* snivori& ad-sft oftiw^ ,4l8s attvLLua 

,io*j:iw ,difelew to eaoX aeewd-ecf noIdalairoD orld Boa Yl-E'i q:'"! daoni •o'tuooo ddglow 

i-'iiioioraBOo to lednun ©55'tsX b to uaWToqpiq nol&rhlxo ujfd fiio/j ^iiirifiXua M^ iHorfrD'o 

sn.tnt.-.d-T:or)D 3 T^cforrerfd- ^e^OirXjcxcr volo ^c^r,od to csu^OBtKoan ©rfd ni boQjj lioil'.i '■■.'1 

.not'+ofitxo toqo'xg tot o^noi oiird-iiiefjfne* awoss-'^AaOT.' i 



783 
Refractory Mater ials . -Inasmuch as it tecame difficult to produce a commercial fire 

"brick which would serve as a checkerhrick that could resist satisfactorily the rapid- 
changing cycles of temperature Tariations during the heating and cooling periods of 
kiln operation, "An Investigation of Checker Brick for Carburetors of Water-gas Ma- 
chines" made at the Instance of the Puhlic Utilities Companies of Northern Illinois 

I under direction of Professor C.W.Parmelee, and puhllshed in Bulletin 179, was a time- 
ly contrlhut ion to provide data of great value to the utilities engaged in gas pro- 
duction, on the causes of failure of the checkerwork in carhuretors of water-gas ma- 
chines. 

'it Another investigation Mmts made under the direction of Professor Parmelee was in coop- 
eration with The Consolidated Feldspar Corporation, the results of which were puh- 
liBhed in Bulletin 233. These studies on the nature and properties of 11 feldspars 
produced in different localities for use in the ceramic industries, serve to provide 
much useful information regarding the value of such materials in the production of 
pottery, glass, and enamel ware. 

Still another of the experiments directed hy "Professor Parmelee related to a 
study of spinels, -a group of Isomorphous minerals having great hardness and possessing 
such refractory and metallurgical properties that they are very useful in the ceramic 
industry. The results of these researches, published in Bulletin 2k&, provide much- 
needed data concerning the aluminates, chromltes, andferrites of zinc, magnesium, 
iron, and manganese. 

Circular 17, entitled "A Laboratory Furnace for Testing Resistance of Fire-Brick 
to Slag Erosion", by ""^rof. R. K. Hursh and Mr. C. E. Grigsby,is a report describing 
the slagging test-f\irnace developed here and the methods of conducting tests with 
the furnace. 

Glass.- Eicperlments carried on under supervision of Professor C. V. Parmelee relating 
to glass and glass production, resiilted in the publication of a number of bulletins. 
One of these. No. 271, deals with measurements of specific heats at high temperatures 
of some of the important types of commercial glasses when in the molten state. Another 
one. No. 311> relates to determinations of surface tension of molten glass. Both 

"of these furnish valuable data useful to those engaged in the manufacture of glass- 
ware by the use of modern mechanical processes. 

Vitreo us Enamel s . -Many investigations relating to enamels have been carried on under 
the direction of Prpfesaor A. I. Andrews. One of those reported in Bulletin 201, per- 

i tained to a study of acid-resisting cover enamels. Another, summcrized in Bulletin 
2lk, was concerned with the effects of certain furnace 



oit^ Xalo*t6flttioo u ooixSoiq' o& *Iyol^t?fi omsoff *jt so rioamexinl- . al - K 

^o Bi)c»Iioq S'Ji-i^x^o ^os j>nid-i^9ff orfcf grrl'Siri) aaoid-jsliev onird-utscpae* to bcLoxo sniam34o 

AaatlLl rrt'jrid-ioH to aoiosqjfoO aoi.+ flltU niIcft/1 orid" to oonrd-gnl ori* -i-a obim "esalAo 
rai* B ai3w ,QTI ni^oIIuS ni f».: rfaLXa'jjrq bac- ^t.oItJin'cr.l.V/.O locootorr^ to aotd-ooiifi loi^-" 
-o^ BB8 ni ^esBgns f^et&tLt&u od& o& oijicv i'jJO'jji to i^&ab ef?ivorcCT o* nolchwcftrtd-noo v. 
.^ BB9-i9cfBW to a•Ioc^fi•^/d■1i3o i?i j^icnmosloorfo orf* to oii/Ii- 1 to borubo <^dt ao ^aot&ouii 

-.00 as Q:-:w- eelofln-f^^t losaotoiT to aoi&i> »iif-' siid" 'li-fef:;/ ofisKi sf;w ^o^d•.7Bt:d•r?GV^.t -r • ■ 

-duq -oiuv rfoirfw to i3*I«38i od& ^rtoi:c^J51og^:oO TsqaMol Jbai'n/^lIoBnoO oriT rfd-iw r 

BOHqsMet II to aei&naqotq bar t-tsj&ar. biii no et<ibis&p. osorfT .i;;£S nl:cfell;-'a nJt JboifeU 

■filvo-X'. o& -jTrEeta tSoiicfei/JEinj oj-jucifio orl* nt ceu -sot ael&tiBooL irtetoTttb at bBotsbo-: 

to noj:+0-irf>o'iq yd* nf- sIx:-J-ie.ti'jn rfoi.'3 .to oirlnv ori* sai-JirCGgai noid'ocrxotnl: liitosw rfo;. 

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Snie^oaaoq fui.0 ocoit&TB/i d'so'ig 3ni:vi3f{ el^nsnim BJiroiiqicnioB t to qsjot^ s- ^elt^^JtcB to ■\;.Bii' 
•:;.t;ioD Oitt rti Xut^>3c vio"'' f^'i-'' \;«rf* da.rfc)- R^-i-d-ieqoiq Ci'50i3']irIlB*9fli iin.'? •^loJo-'itoi rfowa 
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^fmJi•3^^Si:^a ,onix tc 8 ■■ Mitc^ fin... ,^3!.-d-trao'u{o ,pc.d- at tmij-I/. odt snimoonon 3d-a£' 

.••SffTBSfiafli l>aii ,i;c 
v.o'ilifi-fJii'R: to oonBd-GJ«o3 snJ^-taoT lot «joanai/T Vi'K^-oTocfi'J A" J&sIiUc^no ^\l tsiluoti") 
Snlcfi-toaii •tioftei b Qi^-'i'iQ^i'sO .H ,0 .'sK '.x' iiv.'xsiE .1 .K .toi^ ^d' t "rrotBO'lS . 
fWiw ad-8' .t ^j^rjDc^oi;i>aon to eboslitiaa vAi iar. wii.:! baqoSfi'/ob Goarru;t-*ae>d" gnlssxiii . 

.eoarmrt i. 
r.?-:^i»Iei 9oi9ni!?1 .Vf .0 loos^toiT to aotatTTCv'qwn it-Aiu no Soi-xioo nd-n©aiisqpca -.s"^; 
.r.n.ld-i-IIx;cf to lodiaun JW%o not*BDiIcfi;q erfi^ ri bC'tliiQei ,nol;tuArf)ciq caeXg J&rifi r 
'W&^iioqmit rigtrf Js ad-jnorf oltio&qB to ^.&u::a:''sjsai'osft rf.frw rlp.of) jiys .oTT ^oa.inrfd- to e 
■x^rid'onA .a&e.d8 neJ-Iom erft ni nsdw F.aGtii-Xs .(..lotz-tanc^ tc at^';--!* d•lU■^dnoqmi■ c-ifd- to obiob 
rfd'off .>3aBl3 aaJ-Iocr to nolsncit ^^o^tuiJa to enoi-tanlBnod-of) o* aotclsi ^IX^ .mi . 
aa^Ia to otis&os^'ivasm en't ni fiesjssno oeosl& oi Xjcrteaw B;fBJb eliSouLrr rieinrttjt -^^ 

.riesaeooTq: Xjoolnarfoein iiobom to c3;; 
voi)iur no 6e>ii"teo n©ecf ovisrf aXamriao o* ^tfcSai cnoid'ni8t*aovni ycoM- . q f/'-'Jj'n.-J u;. •'.2 
- ,r ^lOS nLtoIIwa: ni fiocJ-noqei eeorid- to onO .awjtcfextA .1 .A iociaetQn<I to «ot*oc"- ■ '^ 
tt&QllvS ni ijosiiantiu/o ,i©rf.tcnA . .iiraaene tovoo 5nic^BiBe1-Ji^oxi to x^tj&Q a od- 

•too to a^foett© exid- rfd-lv i>9nr£e»^ ■ 



gasGB on tho properties of enamels. Still others ver© described In Bulletins 22U 
and 227- The first of these two deals with the effects of various gases present 
In tho furnace during tho snelting of ©nanels for sheet steel. The other discusses 

I the effects of certain gases in snelter atmospheres on the quality of dry-process 
onanelo hurnod on cast-iron "bases. All of these studies provide valuable infor^. 
mation useful to those engaged in em<nel industries. 

Glazes ■ - Bulletin 225 entitled "The Microstructure of some Porcelain Glazes", by 
Mr. Clyde L. Thocipson, is the report of a systomatic study of tho nicrostimcture 
of sono porcelain glazes and of the influence of the microstructure upon the 
development of tho glazes. 

Gypsum Plasters . - "A Stiidy of Hard -Finish Gypcun Plasters" by Mr. Thomas N. McVay, 
surmarized in Bulletin I63, deals vith the effect upon plasters of tho addition 
of various salts, such as Glauber's salt, potash alun, and borax, and presents data 
useful to those interested in plasters and the building industry. 

b . THE CHMXCAL-MGIKEERIWG IKIfUSTRIES 
General . - The investigations carried on by this division of the Engineering 
Erperiment Station include the cheuistry of coal, ice production, eribrittlement of 
boiler plate, boiler-water treatment, fractional distillation, catalytic processes, 
flue-gae treatment, and electro-organic chemistry. These are outlined briefly in 
the next few pages. 

Coking of Coal .- Following the strike of tho anthracite coal minors in Pennsylvania 
in 1902, the division of Industrial Chemistry under the direction of Professor 
S. W. Parr, begoji a series of active ex^jorinents having as their ultimate purpose 
the production of coke from Illinois Coal. The results of these investigations, 

\ sunnnrized in Bulletino 2U, 60, and 79, Illustrate the processes of converting 
a low-grade bituminous coal, like the Illinois product having a high-sulphur con- 
tent, into a smokeless fuel suitable for domestic use and at the sane time adaptable 
to the ordinary household appliances found in common practice. The essential 

i feature of Professor Parr's method is the low-ten^crature carbonization of coal 



4lSS aali'-lLuS. al Lod't'xoat.i ©now aitrf^o LlltB .alenifin&- to aoiirrt,<jpi(T orf* no Qoaas 

Jnoeotq aoaus awolinv "io aiJoollc exW rf*iv sLr^oh ow* oeo£fc^ 'lo d-ail*i oriT -TSS Mir, 

J .GBXJoaiJS toi{*o ttfT .Issd"a d-osjrie 10 1: alor/ina lo anl^Iena odd" snitirL ooivitirl orfi ,1! 

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-"lo'iixi -jldnislfiY ctbtvotq Qetbai^ eyerfd' lo HA .aocacf noiI:-da.;30 no St^mwrf aXcuvn' 

. 'oJrKtaxr/jnJ- Itci-xao ni. he-^c'^ij oaorl* od- ix/loau noJtd-rja 

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srf* noc[u &rnr*oinrf-'=!oio.?:r; cdc^ to eon©x;XtnI oili- "io hao aes^Cs atsLoo'Soq onoa lo 

.nosfllg orfi" *to dxiW3qoIr..v ; £) 

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noi&ltbs od& Jo QiodTi.^Xq xioqw *n;.T:*ib t>rf* if*tv alrsfi ,£51 iii*uXIi;a «i Jbssiiartmro 

j-..,:L adrtuawic M? jXiJ-xod" fia- .rarl? rlocdoq- i&lrr. s'larf^j-IO ou rioj/a tad-lea awo tinv "io 

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aninofonij^ nrfd- xo nolsiyiL airid- -^jcf no Xoiiino xr:oid-'33i:d'ccvxr.r orfT - . LztoaoO 

'to d-n&nold-d-xictrn. ^aoiioubotq ooi ^Itoo lo -^iJatooriD -..dt ohulotii. ncld-ed-S d'aoniiocpd?- 

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iiJ: xllvttd bijctlitito ox-? eaorfl? . Y^d-ainsdo oi:rt-^j;ji!0-or£d-ooXc' JEwa ^iraosstsi&t& 3/33- .;.';■■ 

.o&oi3q wwt ixoa erfvt 

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•' •.d-c[r.f>;j arrid- ocLiR orfd-.d-s .'I'Xfi oau ord-s'jrsoL lol ^X'fad-liry Xsifl aaoXe-Mona a oisxl ^inoi 

X.?.l*^^Ja^& 9rfr .'sioltojjitj noxotioo ni MjjoI soorir-iXgq:; MoKooiforf y^x^ni^rto orW r.j 

Xroo lo noxcJ-.'iilnorfxro ■yitrd-;-.ia«r:ot-woX crfd- cii Lorid-orr 3*1:12^ •xonaeloiSC lb e'x.7> 



785 



i.ai(l tho i-umoval of the products of diatlllution as far as poBsiblo in their 

origliKil state. 

The experinents were carried on to the point where they demonstrated that it 

iB posslhle to produce a smokeless fuel from Illinois coal suitable for domestic 

as well as industrial purposes. The advantage of this type of treament over 

other coking processes are: 1, hy it, coke can he produced in a period of four 

hours where other methods require sixteen; 2, the parl-process conserves the volatile 

elements, whereas many other methods waste them; and 3, the Parr method yields about 

douhlo the amount of tar per ton of coal, a tar which is of higher grade than that 

obtained by high-temperature processes, -in brief, the method returns by-products 

that ere worth more than the original cost of the fuel. 

A side issue that developed from the production of coke by the Parr process 

resulted in the publication of the four bulletins on the subject of weathering 

and storage of coal discussed in the following paragraph. 

Weathering and Storage of Coal .- The results of Investigations made under the 

direction of P ofessor S. W. Parr on the weathering and storage properties of 

coal summarized in Bulletins 17,38,i)-6, and 97, have proved to be of great value to 

the long list of mining, manufacturing, transpotatlon, utility, commercial, and 

individual interests using coal for power or heating purposes. They have outlined 

the fundamental principles that are necessary to be observed In the storage of coal 

in order to avoid spontaneous combustion, thereby benefitting the mine operators, 

the carriers, and the users by mating it possible to put Increased tonnage of coal 

in storage during the slack season of the summer months for use during the busy 

seasons of the other months. These studies show, also, the amount of deterioration 

and loss that may be expected dxiring the storage period. 

Other Studies in the Chemistry of Coal .- Another series of publications resulting 

from the study of the coking of coal, by Professor Parr, Included Bulletin 32, "The 

Occluded Gases in Coal "; Bulletin 37, "Unit Coal and the Composition of Coal Ash"; 

Bulletin "jS, "The Analysis of Coal with Phenol as a Solvent"; and Bulletin 111, 



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785 

"A Study of the Forms in \rfilch Sulphur Occvirs In Coal." 

Alloys . - Erperlments carried on by Professor S. W. Parr led to the discovery of an 
alloy of nickel that possessed remarkahle acid-resisting qualities. This alloy, com- 
pounded principally of nickel and chromium with small percentages of copper ,molyMen- 
um, txmgsten, alumlnim, silicon, magnese, and iron, was named "Illium" in honor of 
the State of Illinois. The cast metal has a tensile strength of about 50,000 pounds 
a square inch, and the melting point of the alloy is about 2,U00 degrees F. 

Bulletin 93 by Mr. D. F. McFarland and Mr. 0. E. Harder, presents the results 
of a study of the acid-resisting properties of chromium, copper, and -dckel. The 
publication describes the methods vhich vere developed for making castings of those 
alloys and shows photomicrographs of the structure of 21 binary and 30' ternary alloys 
which were prepared. The report also gives the results of physical and chemj.cal 
tests of these alloys and describes the effect of acids as determined In about 300 
corrosion tests. 

The Chemistry' of Ice Production. -Investigations regarding the chemistry of ice pro- 
duction undertaken by Mr. Dana Burks, Jr., in cooperation with the Utilities 
Research Commission, Inc., resulted in the publication of three bulletins, Kos. 219, 
253, and ^h. These studies showed conclusively- that not only is it possible to 
produce clear, solid, marketable ice from any given nature! or industrial water 
supply by proper chemical treatment, but also that it is possible to do so at a. 
low brine temperature, thereby increasing the output at a lower unit cost. 
Practically all of the progressive ice J)roducers in the country make use of the re- 
sults of those tests to increase the efficiency and to Improve the product of their 

, plants . 

Bmbrlttlement of Boiler Plate -S tudies were begun in 1912 by Professor S. W. Parr 
on the action of boiler feed waters upon the embrittling processes of boiler 
plate. Bulletin 9^ containing a report of the examination, presents the situation 
existing duo to water conditions in the University pjid other districts In the State 
and describes the embrittling action of certain caustic solutions on cteol and the 

1 laboratory experiments conducted to relieve the situation here. The remedies 



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78? 
suggested Include the addition of a certain salt having properties which cause it 
to react with the alkali yielding a harmless product. 

Other Investigations were carried on from time to time on the embrittlement 
of hdiler plate "because of the persistent increase in the number of failiJr.o:; duo 
to higher presstires, increased rates of heat transfer, and more extensive operation, 
and hQcauBo of the demands for greater safety. The results of studies made "by 
ProfoBSore S. W. Parr and F. G. Straub, in cooperation with the Utilities Hocearch 
ComMssion, Inc., and published in Bulletins 155, 177, and 2l6, show that it is 
possible to reduce very substantially the embrittling effect caused by csrtain feed 
waters by the introduction of acid compounds. 

Boiler-Water Treatment . -The cause and prevention of calcium- sulphate scale was made 
the subject of a set of Investigations conducted by Professor F. G. Straub in coop- 
eration with The Utilities Research Commission, Inc., the results of which were re- 
ported in Bulletin 26l. [Hie invoGtigations proved conclusively that it is possible 
to use'ismall quantities of sodium carbonate to prevent the deporlt of calclum-su;.- 
phate scale In high -pressure boilers. 

Another series of tefets was undertaken by Professor Straub in cooperation with 
The National Aliminato Corporation on methods of treatment of boilcir feed water 
by the use of salts including both Inorganic and organic compounds to prevent 
deposits of various types of scale in boilers and on the blades of turbines. 

The results of these studies have been of Immense value to the utilities, for 
they have literally saved Irnnonso sumc. of money by providing the means for seciiring 
greater efficiency and economy in operation. 

Fractional Distillation . -For a number of years Professor D. B. Keyes had directed 
research efforts in the field of distlllatia±i. Ciruular 35 presents a study of the 
factors involved in plate efficionolon for fractionlng columnst;. Another report on 
fractional distillation is summarized in Bulletin 328, dealing especially with the 
ethyl alcohol-water system. The work of Professor Keyes and his associates had de- 
veloped very valuable information for the use of those interested in the mechanics 
and chemistry of distillation. 



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788 

The Catalytic Oxidation of Ethyl Alcohol - -Bulletin 238 entitled "The Catalytic ■ 
Partial Oxidation of Ethyl Alcoho3." , By Professor Donald B. Keyes and Mr. RolDart 
D. Snow, presents the results of a catalytic study, using approximately one hundred 
fifty catalysts, of the air oxidation of ethyl alcohol in the liquid phase, to 
prove that it Is possible to oxidize partially ethy^ alcohol to acetaldhyde. 
Unit Operations. -Circular 3k entitled " The Chemical Engineering Unit Process- 
Oxidation", "by Professor Donald B. Keyes, presents a discussion of the apparatus 
and methods employed in the commercial oxidation of sulphur, ammonia, and various 
organic compounds, for the production of sulphuric acid, nitric acid, alcohol, 
aldehydes, and other products. 

Flue -Gas Treatment . -For a numljer of years Professor H. F. Johnstone has teen engaged 
in carrying on and directing Invastigations, some of them in cooperation with the 
Utilities Research Comtaisslon, Inc., on the sutject of treatment of "boiler furnace 
gases to obviate some of the difficulties occasioned "by such gases, especially 
sulphur dioxide. In Bulletins 220, 32lf, and 33O, Professor Johnstone and his 
associates have discussed some of the problems caused by flue gases and have pre- 
sented several excellent methods of affording relief from the action of gases re- 
sulting from the burning of high- sulphur coal. 

Hydroxy latlon of Double Bonds . --"The Hydroxy^-ation of Double Bonds," the tofic of 
Bulletin 20if by Professor Sherlock Swann, Jr., presents a study of substitutes for 
sodium hypochlorite and the application of the best substitute to the hydroxylation 
of double bonds. 

Electro-Organic Chemistry . --Bulletin 206 entitled ''!Studles In the ELectro-deposi- 
I tion of Metals," by Professors Donald B. Keyes and Sherlock Swann, Jr., rontains 
the report of a study of the posclbilities of the electroideposition of a number of 
uncommon metals, such as aluminum, beryllium, bnron, chromium, tungsten, titanium, 
vanadium, and cerium. 

Other studies carried on by Professor Swann and summarized in Bulletin 236, 
were concerned with the Influence of the cathode material on the electrolytic 
reduction of a typical aromatic ketone, benzophenone, -in acid solution, and with 



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789 

tho development of additional Infamiatlon on the mechanlBm of reduction. The ro- 
eulte of these invostigatione have been extenoivoly applied both in this country 
and abroad. 

c. CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE 
General OhBervations -- The contributions of the Station represented by tho long 
list of publications dealing with investigations of concrete and reinforcod-cnn- 
croto construction have had a far-reaching influence in tho formulation of safe 
and sane principles and practices in engineering construction, and have been of 
immense value to the industries, tho State, and tho Nation, by improving the effic- 
iency of such construction materials vhere en^loyed in the production of buildings, 
bridges, hi^ways, and other forme of engineBring construction. Some of these 
researches are described in some detail in the following pages. 
FunflamentalB of Cnncrete and Reinforced -Concrete Construction - -The first bulletin 
Issued by the station, -September, 190U,-was written by Professor A. N. Talbot, and 
dealt with "Tests of Relnforced-Concrete Beams." In fact, the history of reinforced 
concrete almost parallels the history of the Engineering Experiment Station at the 
University of Illinois. Professor Talbot was author also of the nert of this kind 
"Tests of Relnforced-Concrete Beams, Series of 1905"'. These publications presented 
data that were pioneers in formulating the theory of this type of reinforced-con- 
crete construction. These were followed by others written by Professor Talbot that 
concerned tests for shear and bond in concrete, and tests of plain and T-boaniB, 
colxumis, and wall and column footings. 

Bulletin No. 137 written in 1923 by Professor Talbot and Professor F. E. 
Richart on "The Stength of Concrete", presents a clear exposition of the theory and 
practice of funning concrete mixtures for different purposes that has done much to 
clarify and standardize the practice of concrete construction. 

Tho reputation of the Station for research in reinforced concrete has induced 
several foreign students to come to tho University to study that subject. It is 
Interesting to note that one of these, Mlkishl Abo, a man who had had several years 
experience as a Japanese government engineer and who had taught several years in 



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791 
Newspaper Union Building," a structure erected in Chicago in 1908, was made "by 
Professors Talbot aiad H. F. Gonnerman in 19l8> the results of which were pulslished 

in Bulletin 106. The studies provided an xmusual opportvinity to impose excessive 

1 
loadings on a four-way reinforced flat-slal) floor, far "beyond the usual range of 

safety on a Toulldlng, fur the structure was soon to be razed to make place for the 
new Union Station Building, and to determine the resulting over-load stresses in 
the reinforcing steel and in the upper and lower surfaces of the slab. The investi- 
gation was followed closely by the engineering profession, and the results provided 
valuable contributions to the knowledge of design of relnforced-concfete slabs. 
Relnforced-Concrete Slabs and Bridges .- -A series of investigations undertaken in 
1936 in cooperation with the U. S. Bioreau of Public Roads, later designated as the 
Public Roads Administration, Federal Works Agency, and the Illinois Division of 
Highways, resulted in the publication of seven bulletins. Fo\ir of these, Nos. 
303, 315, 332, and 3U5, all analytical, were written by Dr. Vernon P. Jensen. The 
first of the three deals with solutions involving rectangular slabs continuous over 

IB 

flexible supports. The second/concerned with moments in simple-span bridge slabs 
with stiffened edges. In the analysis, the span was limited to a theoretical maxi- 
mum of thirty feet. The third gives consideration to a jaethod of procedure for 
the analysis of stresses in skew slabs with curbs, -an opportune subject because of 
the more rigid restrictions found in highway construction due to limited space 
and clearances. In the last of the four, the author formulates a theory sufficiently 
complote to predict the ultimate strength of rectangular beams, reinforced in tension 
only and loaded so as to undergo a constant maximum ncment over a portion of the 
bGam!3,-axi analysis that serves to provide the research worker with a better under- 
standing of the fundamental bohavlour of the reinforced- concrete beam. 

Bulletin 30l^, written by Dr. Nathan M. Wowmark, also analytical, deals with a 
discussion of the distribution procedvire for the analyoio of slabs continuous over 
flexible beems. The analysis Is applicable to any rectangular slab simply supported 

on two opposite ed ges , with any manner of support on the other two edges, and con- 
1. 913 pounds a square foot. 



xvv 

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.*COt f .'.. 



792 

tlnuous over any number and spaclngs of flexible elmple "beams transveree to the 
simply- supported edgec. 

One set of experiments, published In Bulletin 31k, "by Professor F. E. Richart 
and Mr. Ralph W. Kluge, pertained to tests of relnforced-concrete slabs subjected 
to concentrated loads. One purpose was a comparison of measiured and computed 
stresses, and another purpose was to determine the effect of the size arid shape of 
the "bearing area over which the load was applied. For this study, the loads were 
applied through rings, circular discs, and pairs of discs of various sizes and 
arrangements. 

Bulletin 3U6, written "by Professor "V. P. Jensen, Mr. R. W. Kluge, and Mr. C. B. 
Willlame, Jr.;Wh:lch supplements the analytical studies reported In Bulletin 315, 
describes the laboratory tests made on sovon quarter -scale and two half'^scalo models 
of high\ra.y bridge slabs with curbs, and presents a slinplified method of design 
sufficiently comprehensive in scope to Include bridges with unlike curbs and spans 
up to h^ feet. • 

Due to the increased use of aingle-span, rigid-frame bridges because of certain 
advantages they possess, it seemed advisable to obtain a better understanding of 
their characteristics and possibilities. Accordingly, a series of Investigations 
was made in cooperation with The Portland Cement Association, the results of which 
were published in throe parts. Part I, Bulletin 307, under direction of Professors 
F. E. Richart and T. J. Dolan, gives consideration to tests of relnforced-concrete 
knee frames and of Bakelite models of rigid-frame bridges. Part II, Bulletin 3O8, 
under direction of Professor W. M. Wilson and Mr. Ralph W. Kluge, is concerned with 
laboratory experiments of relnforced-concrete rigid-frame bridges. Part III, 
Bulletin 322, by Mr. Ralph W. Kluge, pertains to tests of structural hinges of 
reinforced concrete. The work consisted in obtaining information relative to the 
structural behavior of various types of hinges adaptable to relnforced-concrete 
rigid-frame bridges. 

Reinf orced-Concrete Arches . -In Noveiaber 1923, there was begun a series of tests on 
relnforced-concrete arches under the iramedlatu supervision of Professor W. M. 



..•<^ o* e-sncv .jlqtffla olcfixel"! to aj*nlr) r.. i..:- "rcdinaxn ^^0 lovo r.irojriif* 

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.d-ofil ?|4 o* qu 

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--• a*Bo* to aeinoa r cEusfrf aaw ortoifct «£oQX -iodiaovoPI nl- . soriortA o*i>ionoO- btoiQ'Yntf'^ 



793 
Wilson as a part of the reaearch program sponsored by the Committee on Concrete and 
Reinforced Concroto of the American Society of Civil Engineers that developed into 
the most comprehensive set of investigations ever to he undertaken in this field. 
The first of the studies avunmarized in Bulletin 17^, compares the theoretical changes 
in a multiple-span arch due to temperature variations, vrith the measured changes. 
The second, published in Bulletin 202, concerns con^jarisons of theoretical and 
moasiired stresses duo both to loadings and abutment movements. A study of the 
behavior of arches vith decbs is described in Bulletin 226, while observations made 
on five multiplo-spon arch bridges in service to determine the amount of movement 
of piers dviring the construction period and th<^ir effects on the stresses developed, 
are epitomized in Bulletin 23^. Further laboratory testa of throe-span arch 
ribs on slender piers and with decks on slender piers, carried on in cooperation 
with the U. S. Bureau «bf Public Roads and a number of other contributing organi- 
zations, and summarized in Bulletins 269 and 270, were made to study the performance 
of multiple-span arches under ordinary and destructive loadings. Additional inves- 
tigations made also in cooperation with the U. S. Bureau of Public Roads and other 
agencies, and summarized in Bulletin 275^ present the effects of changes due to 
shrinkage, time -yield, and temperature on the stresses inxposed. 

Bulletin 203 written by Professor Hardy Cross represents a mathematical analysis 
of the effects on tho moments and thrusts resulting from distortions in archea. 

All of these observations, analyses, and experiments have supplied vital 
materials that have contributed much towards the sum-total knowledge regprdlng the 
principles of design and construction of reinforced-concrete arches, 
d. OTHER EKGINEJIRXNG MATERIALS AM) ENGINEERING STRUCTURES 
General . -Most of tho investigations undertaken, outside of concrete, in the fields 
of engineering materials and engineering structures have been with metals and 
fnbrications of metals, principly steel, although a few have been with wodd, brick, 
stone, sand, gravel, and bituminous mixtures. 

The severe uses made of carbon and alloy steels in engineering practice, as for 
example in automobile and airplane construction, have developed a need for more 



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790 

tho lEiporlal ITnlvorBity of Tokyo, conducted undor the direction of Profossor Taltot, 
an Qlaborato oerloc of "Tosts and Analyeoo of Rigidly-connected Heinforcod-Concrete 
Framos," tho results of ^ich wero'oumraarized in Bulletin IO7, that lod to his 
constructing in Tokyo of a relnforced-concroto elevatod railway etructuro, the 
first of its kind in the world. 

Haydite Concrete . -In order to provide information on the suitahilitydof Htiydite, 
(a material ohtained "by huming shale in a rotary kiln to the point of Incipient 
fusion, trtien it expands into a light-weight clinker),' as coarse aggregate In the 
construction of a light-weight concrete that could meet the requirements of strength 
and that would "be adaptable to the construction of long-span "bridges where the 
item of weight is a matter of serious consideration, a number of experiments were 
carried on under the direction of Professor F. E. Richart in cooperation with the 
Western Brick Company. The results, summarized in Bulletin 237, present data on 
the strength of the material itself and of concrete with it as an aggregate to show 
that it is possihle to construct concrete structures with tho material at a sub- 
stantial saving in cost. 

Reinforced-Concrote Building Construction . -Bulletin 6k, entitled "Testa of Reln- 
forced-Concretc Buildings under Load", describe- the methods that were developed 
by the authors, -Professors A. N. Talbot and W. A. Slater, -for testing buildings to 
determine tho action of their various parts under load. Tho records covor invos- 
tigatlons on throo buildings, with discussions bearing on the findings. These 
tests were tho first known to be made on relnforced-concroto buildings. 

Investigations involving "Teste of Roinforcod -Concrete Flat Slab Structures", 
also by ProfosBors Talbot and Slater, published in Bulletin 84, wore made on four 
reinforced-concroto biiildings and one relnforced-concrete tost structure, -all of 
the flat-slab typo of construction. Those tosts, providing important Information 
regarding this type of building construction, wore valuable in formulating regu- 
lations covering tho dosign of such otruoturos. The publication very forcibly calls 
attention to tho bending produced in columno in buildings of this kind. 

A noteworthy piece of research, "Tosto of a Flat Slab Floor of tho Western 



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.5/tl7! airf* tc -isrti.&X fud ni uicufXcc nt booubotq snifir:;.-rf erf* i-i^ noliao**/. 



79^ 

detailed knowlodga of tho action of steel, under various types of atrese, aa well 
as of tho factors which effect the physical properties of the naterial. Some of 
tho work done along this line rt tho University here is descrihed "briefly in the 
following pages. 

Steel and Steel Shapoo . --Bocauoo of the prevalent practice of using I-heamR as 
flexural members, tho subject of floxural strength "became of such general engineer- 
ing interest that it seemed to "be czi appropriate topic for investigation in order 
to reconcile theory with practice in I-hean design. Consequently, a number of o"b- • 
servationo wore made and reported in Bulletin 68 "by Professor H. F. Moore. The 
pu"bli cation includes data developed on the strength of standard I -"beams in flexure 
and presents a formula for coiaputing the flexural strength of I-"beams acting as 
columns. The information was especially welcomed "by engineers at that time, "because 
of the failures of I-"bonms In some "buildings in the Chicago area and "because of 
the different and somewhat conflicting opinions that were held on tho strength of 
such materials. 

The results of an investigation made to determine the relations "betwenn the 
elastic strength of steel in tension, compression, and shear, were sumjuarized in 
Bulletin 115 ty Professors F. B. Seely and W. J. Putnajn. Six grades of steel were 
used in mf^king the tests. Additional Invostlgationo on such materials as I-"beamo, 
channels, and other similar shapes, served to develop information regarding their 
adaptability to engineoring purposes. 

Stool Structures . -The first bulletin issued by tho Station on structural steel was 
No. l6, written By Professor N. C. Rickor in 190? on tho subject of roof trusses. 
The publication had as its purpose the presentation of a rational formula with 
nvipporting data for coc^uting tho weights of roof trusses, -wood as well as stoel. 
The next one oJa'this subject, No. 35, also by Professor Rickor, related to the 
development of a formula for computinf;; the sizes and bearing values of base and 
bearing plates for beans and. columns. 

Investigations on tho behavior of built-up coliomnB under load, summarized in 
Bulletin hk by Professors A. N. Talbot and H. F. Moore, included both laboratory 



795 
and field toBts,-a rallvay train mode of a locomotive and cars.forited'lhe load for 
the field testa. The studies were imdertaJcen to show the distritution of the 
stresses through the meribars of the column and the relationships "between these 
RBJfl'bttB end the colvimn as a whole. 

Two sets of tests on riveted Joints in steel members, -one on nickel-steel 
Joints and the other on chrome -nickel- steel Joints, -were E>ade hy Professors Talbot 
and Moore at the expressed Invitation of those responsible for the construction of 
the Quebec bridge scheduled to replace the one that collapsed in 1907- The inves- 
tigations, summarized in Bulletin k9, dealt with a variety of tests of rivets to 
determine the strength of rivets and the extent of the deformation of the joints and 
slip of plates. 

Studies carried on under the direction of Professor W. M. Wilson to measure 
the wind stresses in the steel frames of a number of tall office buildings were 
recorded in Bulletin 80. The results of these investigations have served as a 
basis for revising the units used in designing such structures. Other studies by 
Professors W. M. Wilson and H. F. Moore were made to examine the rigidity of riveted 
Joints in steel structures, such as the steel skeletons of office buildings. Bulletin 
lOU describes the tests and testing machines used and presents an analysis of the 
results including the effect of slip of the members on the distribution of stresses 
in test specimens. 

Bulletin 108 presents the slope-deflection method developed by Professors 
W. M. Wilson, F. E. Rlchart, and others, that has been used extensively by pradtls-^ •"' 
ing engineers for computing stresses in statically- indeterminate structures that 
ordinarily do not lend themselves to critical mathematical analysis. The publica- 
tion constitutes a treatise in this particular field that places such structures 
within the range of scientific examination. The bulletin concludes with a section 
that presents the solutions of a number of exainples to illustrate the use of the 
formulas . 

Investigations reviewed in Bulletin 210 by Professors W. M. Wilson and W. A. 
Oliver on the subject of strength of rivets in tension and the initial tension in 



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796 
rivets used in fabricating etructiiral steel, proved th© fallacy of opinions held 
"by many engineers that designers should not consider the tension in rivets in com- 
puting the capacity of fabricated steel. 

Two bulletins by Professor W. M. Wilson, -No. l62, on the bearing value of 
large-radius segmental rollers, and No. 191 on the flow of metal in plates, - 
provided data that were used as a basis in formulating specifications that have 
been widely adopted for the design of segmental rollers and bearing plates in roll- 
ing bascule bridges. Other studies by Professor Wilson summarized in Bulletin 263, 
pertained to the load-caryying capacity of small rollers like those employed as 
expansion. rollers and rockers of giider and truss bridges. The investigations in- 
cluded both static and rolling tests with various grades of steel and. steel cast- 
ings. 

Another set of tests carried on under the direction of Professor Wilson in 
cooperation with th© Chicago Bridge and Iron Works, was mad© to Investigate the 
efficiency of various types of Joints in wide plates, such as those employed in the 
fabrication of tanks used for storage of water and oil. The results, summarized 
in Bulletin 239, present data obtained from examination of a number of welded and 
riveted Joints that are commonly used in tank construction. 

Interest in the strength of thin cylindrical shells as they are commonly used 
in the construction of elevated storage tanks led to a study of this type of 
structure by Professor Wilson in cooperation with the Chicago Bridge & Iron Works. 
The immodlate purpose of the investigations was concerned with geometrical propor- 
tions of the cylinder such as length, thickness, radius, and. end conditions, and 
the resistance of the material to failure by wrinkling. The results were published 
in Bulletins 255 and 292. Bulletin 292 includes, in addition, tests made on laced 
channels and angles acting as columns. Another investigation carried out under 
the direction of Professor Wilson was in cooperation with the Nickel Plate Rail- 
road Company, on the effect of residual stresses occasioned by the heating and cool- 
ing processes involved In welding steel plates or shapes to members of a bridge 
already in place in order to strengthen the structure for the modem heavy wheel 



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797 
loads, on the load-carrying capacity of steel columns. The results of the tests 
conducted at the University and on the Girard, Pennsylvania, viaduct, are recorded 
in Bullfitiri 280. 

Foundations . -Bulletin 338 entitled, "Influence Charts for Computation of Stresses 
in Elastic Foundations", by Professor Nathan M. Newmark, presents a siTiiple graphical 
procedure for computing stresses in the interior of an elastic, homogeneous, iso- 
tropic solid hounded by a plane surface and loaded "by distributed vettical loads at 
the surface. The stresses are computed from charts supplied with the publication, 
merely by coiuiting on a chart the number of elements of area, or blocks, covered by 
a plan of the loaded area drawn to proper scale and laid upon the chart. 
Timber Beams . -A aeries of "Tests of Timber Beams", ms.de under direction of 
ProfessorA. N. Talbot in cooperation with two m3.dwe8tern railway companies, and de- 
scribed in Bulletin iH, wa.s conducted on railroad bridge timbers to determine the 
strength of such timbers and the properties of test piees cut from veirioua portions 
of a large stock. The tests were important in establishing unit values for use 
in bridge design and in observing the signl.ficance of shear resistance in timberB 
of large size and also of the weakening effect of seasoning cracku which form in 
such timbers. 

CulVort Pi-p e..A unique set of tests, summarized in Bulletin 22, wan conducted on 
both cast-iron and culvert pipe under the direction of "Profosaor A. K. Talbot in 
cooperation with four midwestern railway companies. The pipes were 36 and hQ 
inches in diameter and 8 feet or more in length. In conducting the tests, the 
pipes wore encased in sand in a strong timber box made of railway bridge stringers 
held together by large iron rods. The loads were applied through a saddle which 
enabled the pressure to be distributed over the sand around the pipe. Four Bydrau- 
lie jacks having a total capacity of 800,000 pounds wore used to apply the pressure 
and measuring the load. 

I^sqelj^AneiQus . -Bulletin 215 'by Professor Hardy Cross on the subject of "The Column 
Analogy", presents a general me.thematical discussion of the mechanics of etructiures 
that very materially simplifies the procosoes of analyzing stresses in continuous . 



■•-irl .M Ufiu 



798 
frames compoBed of haunchod "beaxnBf arches, or framed bents, as well as in simple 
opans. It demonsti-atoB that nomonts, shears, slopes, and deflections of "beams due 
to any cause may "be computed in the same way and by the some formulas that are used 
in calculating reactions on short columns eccentrically loaded or that are used in 
detennlnlng shears and bonding momentB on longitudinal sections through such columns. 

e. FATIGUE OF METALS 
Definition . -Fatigue of metals is defined as "the action which takes place in metal, 
causing failure after a large number of applications of stress. Failures due to 
fatigue are characterized by their suddendess, and by the absence of general defor- 
mation in the piece that fails." - Bulletin 12lf, Eng. Eicp. Sta., page l62. 
General Investigations on the Fatigue of Metalo . -The imnediate need for the study of 
the fatigue of metols developed with the coming of new alloya and stronger metals 
and with the advent of high-speed machinery, some parts of which must be as llgb.t 
as possible, as for example, the connecting rods of gas eiigines and the shafts of 
steam turbines, where members are required to withstand an indefinitely large nimber 
of repetitions of loads with reversals of stress within a comparatively short period 
of time. This problem, of prime in5)ortance during World War I in the construction 
and operation of airplanes and a little later in the construction of welded ships, 
came to the attention of the National Research Council, with the result that a com- 
prehensive program '/of investigation of the fatigue phenomena of metals was begi^n 
by the Engineering Experiment Station at the University of Illinois in 191? under 
the direction of Professor H. F. Moore that have continued in one form or another 
under his immediate supervision to the present time. The first four bulletins, Wos. 
12l|, 136, 1I+2, and 152, having the title "An Investigation of the Fatigue of Metals", 
were prepared in cooperation with the National Research Council, the Engineering 
Foundation, the General Electric CompLJiy, the Allis-Chalmers Manufacturing Company, 
the Copper and Brass Association, jmd the Western Electric Company to determine 
the endurance limit of stress of nineteen different metals in common use. Many of 
the tests were made under a number of different heat -treatments. 

"Tests of Fatigue Strength of Cast Steel," a study of the fatigue strength 



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799 
of cast steels of two difforont chonical compositions, made in cooperation with 
the American Steel Foundries and printed in Bulletin I56, and "Teats of the Fatigue 
Strength of Cast Iron," made in cooperation with the Alii s -Chalmers Manufacturing 
Company and printed in Bulletin iSk, have served to provide a much hotter understan- 
ding of the fatigue characteristics of these metals. 

Bulletin 176 entitled "A Motallographic Study of the Path of Fatigue Failure 
in Copper," presents a study of the use of motallographic examinations as an aid 
in explaining the heginning and progress of a fatigue fracture in copper. "Tests of 
the Fatigue Strength of Steam Turbine Blade Shapes," made in cooperation with the 
Allis-Chalmers'' Manufacturing Company, and puhlishod in Bulletin I83, wore made on 
three different metals, -monel metal, e copper-nickel alloy known as cupro-nickel, 
and Cyclops motal. Those studies show that with care, stcfim-turhine blades may ho 
expected to develop nearly all of the fatigue strength of the motal from which they 
are made. 

Bulletin 208 records the results of "A Study of Slip Linos, Strain Lines, and 
Cracks in I-fetals under Hopeastod Stress," for seven different metals, some under 
specially heat-treated conditions. 

Many of the machines made hy memhera of the Station atelf and used in con- 
ducting these experiments on the fatigue of metals, during the first fifteen years 
of the test period are deecrihed in Circular 23. A large percentage cfthe machines 
are of the simple rotating-hof.iia and cantilever type designed to produce complete 
cycles of reversal of tensile and compresaion hending stresses. Other machines are 
constructed to produce cycles of direct tension and coripression and torsion and 
shear, 
fe The ohservations made in the lahoratories in connection with these investiga- 
tions on the fatigue of metals have heen vitally important in developing a hotter 
understanding of the physical properties of metals ojid in loading to a new concept 
of the nature of motal ntruct\iro hy dononstrating the scientific fact that fotigue 
failures are due to the progressive spreading of fractures or actual ml.croscopic 
cracks, and not to any peculiar crystalllaation of the particles of metal nor to 



■'ififMif J«: 



■IW M.il ./- J X- 



800 
changes in the elastic linlt of the material. It has denonstratod "beyond doubt that 
scratches, nicks, grooves, and other irregularities of surface, and internal in- 
clusions of extraneous materials or flavs, are possible sources of fatigue failure 
"because of the highly-localized stresses they are likely to occasion, -stresses that 
are entirely neglected in the ordinary fornulas dealing -with the mechanics of mater- 
ials. The investigations have value, too, in serving as a "basis for the preparation 
of specifications defining the limiting ranges of unit stresses for various netals 
that ore intended for the conotruction of machines that must operate through an 
indefinitely large num"ber of repetitions or cycles of stress. 

Fatigue in Railvay Car Ax:les -"A Study of Fatigue Cracks in Cor Axles," reported 
in Bulletins 165 and 197, and made in cooperation with The Utilities Research Com- 
mission of Northern Illinois show that it is possi"ble to detect fatigue cracks "be- 
fore they spread to complete failure and that it is also pos3i"ble to salvage car 
pjclee in which fatigue cracks occur, "by turning then down to a smaller size. "A 
Study of the Stresses in Car Axles under Service Conditions" outlined in Bulletin 
2l|l|, was carried out also in cooperation with the Commission in Jixles of a test 
car on the Chicago Rapid Transit System giving special emphasis to the type of axle; 
the magnitude, duration, and causes of the stress; and the number of cycles of stress 
per mjlc. 

f . CREEP IN LEAD AND LEAD ALLOYS 
Lead Sheathing . -In 1929, investigations under the general direction of Professor 
H. F. Moore were "begun in cooperation with the Utilities Research Commission, Inc., 
on the subject of creep, or continuing deformation, and fracture in lead and lead 
alloy with tin, antimony, and craciun, as used in cable sheathing, for the particular 
^ purpose of determining the extent of stability of form and the amoimt of safety that 
could be expected of lead-sheathed cables under service conditions. The results of 
the investigations on test specimens, taken from service cables or supplied directly 
by the manufacturer and subjected to variations of sustained and repeated loadings 
over a wide range of time and other conditions, were published in Bulletins 2'4-3, 272, 
306, and 31^7, providing valuable information to the manufacturer and user of lead 



801 
sheathing, especially as employed in the construction of power cables. 

g. LAM) DRAINAGE AND FLOOD CONTROL 
Stream Flot r.-Betver.n 192U and 1931 ohaervations were carried, out. undnr-tho- ponoral 

I supervision of Professor G. W. Pickles in cooperation with the U. S. Bureau of 
Puhlic Roads to determine the area run-off and open- channel stream flow for regions 
in Central Illinois where most of the terrain is so flat as to require open artifi- 
cial channels in addition to the natural \ra.ter- courses to provide adequate drainage 
for successful crop production. Bulletin 232, summarizing the resultfl of the inves- 
tigations, provides useful iixformation required in the design of suitable artificial 
channels to relieve the rainfall situation and in the determination of the amount 
of the annual run-off of small watersheds. 

Flood Flow . -Another hullotin. Wo. 296, written "by Professor Picklos, provides infor- 
mation concerning the mr.gnitude and frequency of floods in twonty-foxir Illinois 
steams from data taken from records of strecn flow over a period of about thitty- 
five- years. Those data, applying to drainage areas of 200 or more square miles in 
extent, serve as a basis for predicting the frequency of various ranges of flood 
flows in this region. 

h. PRINCIPLES OF HYDRAUIJCS 
General . -The hydraulic laboratory here has offered many opportiuiitios for the dovelop-- 
mont of knowledge relating to the laws or principles of hydraulics, which are funda- 
mental in any consideration of water power, water supply, and drainage. A few of 
those are discussed briefly in the following paragraphs. 

Flow and Measurement of Water . -The results of tests made by Professor A. N. Talbot 
and M. L. Enger on fourteen water columns representing the principal types errployed 

i in American railway practice for supplying water to steam locomotives, were suinraar- 
ized in Bulletin k&. The information developed in these tests enabled mrjnuf actuj^ers 
to redesign their water coliunns, making them more efficient, thereby reaucing the 
delay to locomotives and the cost of water service. 

A study conducted by Professor F. B. Seoly on the effect of mouthpieces on the 
flow of water through submerged short pipes, was described and discussed in Bulletin 






..jt.ifi^ilif'x 



802 
96. The experiments were carried on "both wj.th and without entrance and discharge 

mouthpiecee for conparisons. Another set of tests nado under the supervision of 
Professor Talbot dealt with investigations with valves, orifices, hose and nozzles, 
and orifice "buckets, as devices for neasuring the flow of water. 

The feaaihility of neasuring the flow of water "by neans of a thin plate cir- 
cular orifice inserted in a pipe line is demonstrated ty the results obtained by 
Professors R. E. Davis and H. H. Jordan as published in Bulletin 109. The publi- 
cation provides experimental coefficients for calculating the velocity of flow in 
the pipe and the discharge, and depicts the conditions that are most favorable to 
the use of such orifices as flow-measuring devices. The practicability of using an 
elbow as a flowmeter in a pipe line for measuring the amount of liquid passing 
through the line, was demonstrated by Professor W. M. Lansford in his Bulletin 289. 
The Hydraulic Eam- ^-The use of the hydraulic ram as a device for lifting water was 
the subject of additional experiments by Professor Lansford. The author, in Bulletin 
326, described the conduct of the experiments and presented a rational mathematical 
analysis of the operation of single-acting automatic rams and compared the results 
obtained from ouch analyses with those found in the laboratory. 

i. MGINEERING SMITATION 
General -Investigations in engineering sanitation carried on under direction of 
Professor H. E. Babbitt, have been extremely important in supplying information 
requisite to the scientific planning of plumbing and sewage -treatment systems. Some 
of these are described briefly in the following statements. 

Hydraulics and Pneumatics of House Plumbing. -The results of tests reported in 
Bulletins 1^3 and I78 serve to supply information concerning the action of water and 
I the accompanying air in house plumbing, especially in the soil stacks, water pipes, 
traps, and vent pipes, of one, two, and three-story residences. In order to carry 
on these experiments, a special plant was set up in the Mathews Avenue Power Plant. 
The information developed and the principles established from these investigations 
have been valuable in formulating designs of plvuubing installations and In reducing 
the con^lications and cost of plumbing construction. 



'-■■■'k- J}- 



803 
Sevaf^e Disposal . -Inveatlgatione leading to the publication of Bulletin 198 wero 
concerned with the development of tasic principles in the case of tank methods of 
treatment of city sevage. Bulletin 268 presents data ohtained to determine thb 
efficiency of a certain form of paddle aerator and summarizes studies made "by an 
aspirating device knovn as the "Aoromix" used in the course of sewage treatment. 
n Experiments pertaining to the discharge of ground garbage into sewage systems 

are described in BulletftiSS?. Two other Bulletins, Wos. 319 and 323, relate to the 
hydraulics of the flow of sludge pumped through circular pipes. The first discusses 
laminar flow, or the flow parallel to the axis of the pipe, while the second describes 
turbulent flow, or the flow disturbed by cross cvirrents. These two bulletins present 
formulas for computing the velocity of eludge-flow through pipes under various con- 
ditions, and for the determination of yield value and coefficient of rigidity of 
sludge. All of this information Is essential to the design of pipe-sizes and puntping 
equipment for handling sludge through pipe-line systems. 
J . THE ELECTRICAL IMDUSTRIES 
General . -The University of Illinois has made many important contributions to the 
knowledge of the principles underlying the science of electrical engineering. Its 
Investigations have extended to studies of the magnetic properties of iron and iron 
alloys molted in a vacuum, electronics, radio and telephone communication, meter 
performance, illumination, high-potential circuits, and so on. Some of these ere 
described briefly in the next few pages. 

Iron and Iron Alloys Melted in a Vacuum . -One of the noteworthy investigations by 
Assistant Professor T. D. Yensen, - "Magnetic and other Properties of Electrolytic 
Iron Melted in Vacuo", published in Bulletin 72, lod to the discovery in 1913 of a 
I new prscesB for the production of iron and Iron alloys tiirough the aid of an electric 
furnace, permitting the melting of iron in a vacuum and thereby developing metals 
that had electrical properties superior to those produced in other ways. These 
discoveries concerning the magnetic properties of electrolytic iron melted in a 
vacuum electric furnace attracted world-wide attention, and have been of great value 
in developing the manufacture of high-permeability iron and iron alloys and stand 



• ga4J" jii[' «*iu- 



'S/Sir to 






80Z^ 
among the most important additions to scientific knowledge ever made "by the Department 
of Electrical Engineering at the University of Illinois, for these processes have 
■been used extensively in the construction of certain telephone appliances and of 
many other forms of apparatus used in electrical construction. Bulletin 83, entitled 
"rfegnetic and Other Properties of Iron-Silicon Alloys Melted in Vacuo", eumraarlzes 
results from experiments on iron-silicon alloys that wore con inuations of those 
mentioned atovo. Ftirther studies along this line, especially on iron-aluminum 
alloys, show that aluminum like silicon, improves the properties of the metal and 
also that alviminum imparts to the notal a greater toughness than silicon. 
Bloctronics . -BnrTy erperimonts carried on at the University of Illinois indicated 
that the introduction of certain gases into vacmui tubes improved to some extent 
the sengitivity of tuhes as detectors and demodulators. In order to furnish addi- 
tional information on this suhjoct, Professors H. A. Brown and C. T. Knipp conducted 
further tests on the perrorraance of vacuum tuhes filled with alkali vapor and used 
as detectors, the results of which were published in Bulletin I38. In addition to 
describing these particular investigations, the bulletin describes briefly the 
previous experiments made on tuberj containing nitrogen, neon, hydrogen, argon, and 
helium gases. 

For a number of years, investigations were carried on at the University looking 
to the inrprovemont of the photo-electric cell. Some of those are summarked in 
Bulletin 325 by Professors J. T. Tykociner, Jakob Kuiiz, and others. The work done 
in the laboratories of the University has had a major influence in the development 
and perfection of the photo-electric tube used so extensively in scientific and 
commercial practice throughout the world. 
^ Sound in Motion Pictures . -Through laboratory exporiments, Profeseor Tykociner was 
able to perfect and demonstrate the sound-on-f ilm recording and reproducing method 
now universally employed to produce and synchronize sound in moving pictures. His 
method consisted in photographing the accompanying sound waves on the same film as 
that used for taking the motion picture itseli". His camera carried in addition to 
the usual apparatus for taking motion pictures, another photographic objective for 



805 
photographing on a narrow strip at the edge of the film, the sound record produced 
during the filming of the moving ohject. He designated the sound-recording equip- 
ment "by the name of "phonactinion", which word expresses the manifold transformation 
of sound energy controlling actinic rays "by means of a stream of ions. He developed 
another machine called the "actophone" for producing the motion pict\ireB and sound 
from the same film. While the motion pictures were "being projected on the screen, 
the loud-speaking device reproduced the synclironizing sounds. 

Radio Communication . -The University of Illinois has had also a major share in the 
development of radio communication through the work carried on and directed "by 
Professor J. T. Tykociner. Bulletin Ik'J contains a discussion of the theoretical con- 
siderations involved in the use of scale models of antennae for purposes of in- 
vestigation of all the properties of radiating systems. The publication shows that 
by the use of micro-waves and inexpensive scale models, it is possible to save much 
tine and expense in the erection of important radio stations, for laboratory tests 
made with micro-waves and models properly desi^ied furnish data for predicting the 
performance of the finished station employing long-wave systems. Bulletin l6l 
summarizes the results of tests made on short-wave transmitters and methods of tuning, 
the principles developed then being still used as bases of today's short-wave trans- 
mitting systems. Another publication. Bulletin 19^, relates to the tuning of oscilla- 
ting circuits by plate-current variations. Still another publication, Bulletin 291, 
is concerned with studies made on the uue of vibrating bars and plates cut from 
quartz crystals, for stabilizing high-frequency oscillators used in broadcasting, - 
devices to enable siutultaneous radio transmission of a great number of stations and 
to keep them within reasonable, limits of their allottod-frequency channels . 
^ Bulletin 339, entitled "Properties and Applications of Phase-Shifted Rectified 
Sine Waves," ajao produc-dd by Professor Tykociner, presents the results of an in- 
vestigation made to analyze by graphical methods the properties of wave forms ob- 
tained by subtraction or addition of two phase-shifted rectified sine pulses, and to 
show that new wave forms are obtainable also by subtraction or addition of a full 
sine wave and a phase-shifted rectified sine wave. The publication substantiates 



806 
the graphical methods "by a mathematical discussion and offers suggestions for the 
application of the properties of the nev vave forms. 

Telephone Communication . -Two hulletlns, Nos. 1^5 and ll<-8, "by Professors H. A. Brovn 
and C. A. Keener, relate to experiments in the field of telephone engineering. The 
first deals with fundamental principles of non-carrier radio telephone transmission, 
and points out the advantages of this method over those in use at that time. The 
second relates to the intensity or degree of modulation ottainahle with representa- 
tive types of radiophones in use and also with these types modified. Both of these 
puhlications have provided information for individuals intorested in this particular 
phase of pi^hlic-utility service. 

Meter Performanc e ■ -Many investigations have been carriod on in the University lahor- 
atories pertaining to the performance of meters as registering devices for electric 
power. Studies outlined in Bulletin 153 "by Professors A. R. Knight and M. A. Faucett 
relate chiefly to experiments mside with slnglephase meters used in recording current 
consumption for household purposes. 

Illumination . - The results of an extensive investigation directed by Professor J. 0. 
Kraehenhuehl and car±ied out at the request of the Industrial and School-Lighting 
Committee of the Illuminating Engineering Society, of studylighting conditions in 
the student living quarters at the University of Illinois, are summarized in Circular 
28. The effect of this particular study was a general improvement in lighting con- 
ditions in the student -study 6md rooming places on the campus and in the adjoining 
community. 

Some problems in the field of public -building illumination were taken up by 
Professor Kraehonbuehl in Circular 29- The publiaation deals with the general prin- 
k clples that underlie the' necessity for good lifting and the problems involved in 
producing good-lighting conditions. 

High -Potential C ircuit s . -Observations under the direction of Professor Jakob Kunz, 
covering a period of several years, carried on to formulate a satisfactory theory of 
corona phenomena, were reviewed in Bulletin 111)-. Ccrona discharges represent a very 
substantial loss of power especially noticeable in long high-pressure transmission 



807 
lines. Another set of studies made and supervised "by Profeaeors J. T. Tykociner and 

E. B. Paine, and others, and puhlished in Bulletin 278, dealt with oscillations due 
to corona discharges on vires suhjected to alternating potentials of different 
frequencies. 

Additional experiments relating to higla-presaure circuits were concerned with 
methods of testing the insulating laaterials in high-tension cahles. These investiga- 
tions made hy Professors J. T. Tykoclnor, H. A. Brown, and E. B. Paine, in ooopera- 
tion with the Utilities Research Committeo, were carried on in part at the labora- 
tories of the University and in part at the high-tension lahoratories of the Common- 
wealth Edison Courpany at Chicago. Two hulletins, Nos. 259 and 260, were published 
describing the experiments. The first treats of the developmfcnts of methods of 
detecting and measuring oscillations due to ionization in dialectrics, and the 
second, of the investigation of ionization in cable insulation by means of the Dis- 
charge Detection Bridge, a piece of apparatus evolved in connection with this exper- 
iment . 

The Electron Theory of Magnetism . -Bulletin 62 by Professor E. H. Williams, presents 
a summary of the essential featvires of the electron theory of magnetism and provides 
experimental evidence to support the theory. It also includes an analysis of some 
of the phenomena for which the theory as previously maintained, had failed to give a 
satisfactory explanation. 

Analysis of Flow in networks of Conductors or Conduits . -An analytical discussion of 
the behavior and distribution of flow in networks of such conductors as electric 
transmission lines delivering power or of such conduit systems as pipes delivering 
water, steam, gas, air, or other substance under pressure, is presented by Professor 
I Hardy Cross in Bulletin 286. The method outlined includes a series of approximations 
end corredtions, with many mathematical examples to illustrate the principles in- 
volved. 

A further discussion of the subject of networks as applied to electrical trans- 
mission-line hook-up, is presented by Professor L. L. Smith in Bulletin 299- The 
author describes in some detail the methods available for the analysis involving 



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808 
such networks, and presents an aiuilyeis for "balancing the voltage and current drops 
"by the use of successive approximations as devloped ty Professor Cross, with the 
solutions of a number of cases to demonstrate the methods. 

k. THE COAL-MIWING INDUSTRY 
General. -Because of the importance of the coal -mining industry to the State, the 
University has given special consideration to prohlems involved in the mining, prepa- 
ration, and utilization of coal; and in doing so has rendered valuaTsle assistance to 
all those who mine, handle, or use coal in any way. Some of the investigations are 
descrihed "briefly in the following statements. 

Coal -Mine Operation . -Bulletin 88 "by Professor E. A. Holbrook, presents a comprehBnoive 
report made from a study of a thirty-five year record on the dry preparation of 
■bituminous coal at Illinois mines, includa.ng screening, weighing, drycleaning and 
loading. The puhlication presents a discussion of a number of subjects, among which 
are past ajid present practices of coal preparation, standard types pf tipples used in 
Illinois mines, Impurities In coal, "breakage of coal during mining operations and 
transit, and sizes and sizing of Illinois coals and the needsfor standardising 
outputs . 

The matter of subsidence of surface ground duo to underground mining operations 
was made the subject of extensive observation by Professors L. E. Young and H. H. 
Stock, the results of whose findingc were published in Bulletin 91- This topic is 
especially important in Illinois because of the extent of mine operations, the 
growth of towns and cities and transportation linos, and the increased value of 
overlying surface land. 

An investigation concerning the percentage of extraction of bituminous coal 
I from mines, made by Professor C. M. Young, was summarized in Bulletin 100. The 
studies had the effect of increasing the percentage of extraction of coal, thereby 
reducing the loss due to coal being left in the ground and therefore wasted. 

An examination of underground haulage of coal involved in the processes of 
mining operations was made in a particular study directed by Professor H. H. Stoek, 
the results of which were published in Bulletin 132. This is a problem of special 









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809 

interest to Illinois operators Ijecause of the great distances involved In underground 

transport at i on . 

In order to increase the efficiency of mine operation and to decrease the cost 
of elevating and conveying coal from the mines, Professor A. J. Hoskin in cooperation 
with the Illinois State Geological Survey and the U. S. Bureau of Mines, puljlished 
Bulletin 151, presenting much valuable information of interest to those engaged in 
coal-mine operation. 

As an aid in the preparation of coal for the consumer, an investigation carried 
on by Professors A. C. Callen and D. R. Mitchell in cooperation with the Zeigler Coal 
and Coke Company in typical Illinois mines was summarized in Bulletin 217- The 
publication has served as a guide to coal producers who are interested In results 
that may bo obtained from proper prep.aration of coal, for even after coal has been 
brought out of the mine, it usually has to be subjected to some kind of preparation 
process to mako it acceptable for the market. 

Bulletin 285 by Professors C. M. Smith and D. R. Mitchell, relating to the 
potential recovery of coal and other products that find their way into the waste- 
pile accumulations from undergrovmd mine operations, shows that very substantial 
savings can be effected by recovering waste coal and by better utilization of the 
by-products with the methods and equipment now economically available. 
Mine Ventilation . -The measurement of air quantities and energy losses in mine entries 
was made the subject of extensive investigations by Professors A. C. Callen and 
C. M. Smith in cooperation with the Illinois State Geological Survey, that resulted 
in the publication of four bulletins, -Nos. I58, 17O, l84, and 199- Further studies 
in mine ventilation made by Professor Smith, relate to the use of nhaft-bottom vanes 
as devices for deflecting the course of air used in ventilation. The reeults of 
these examinatione are reported in Bulletin 2i^9. 

Additional studies by Professor Smith show that models may be safe guides in 
the solution of many ventllatjon problems. The use of those models is described 
in Bulletins 265 and 279- Surveys made by Professor Smith in typical Illinois 
mines, the findings of which are published In Bulletin 297, indicate that many 



<o?via flt o. 



010 
ventilating syotoms are deficient due to number of causes. The 'bulletin provides in- 
formation for correcting some of the troubles and for securing safer and Acre 
economical working conditions in mines. 

1. MECHANICAL -ENGINEERING INDUSTRIIB 
General. -Outstanding contributions that have added much to the prestige of the 
Engineering Experimont'cStatibn have "been made in such "branches of mechanical engineer- 
ing as steam and automotive pover; thermodynamic b; heating, ventilating, and air 
conditioning; mechanical refrigeration; and shop production and management. Some of 
the projects carried on in these several lines are described briefly in the following 
pages. 

1. PRIME MOVEE^ 
SteaJi and Steam Pover . Bul3-etln 58, entitled "A New Analysis of the Cylinder Per- 
formance of Reciprocating Engines", by I-Ir. J. P. Clayton, was de0igna,ted by Professor 
Charles Russ Richards, Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering and later 
Dean of the College, as "the most noteworthy contribution to the science of the 
steam engine ever made by aji American, and as probably the most notable work since 
the appearance of Hlrn' s analysis." The sequel, "Steam Consumption of Locomotive 
Engines from the Indicator Diagrams," Bulletin 65, was prepared by Mr. Clayton after 
ejialysis of data taken in various locomotive testing plants in this country. By 
means of the method developed, it is possible to determine the steam consumption of 
locomotives in service from indicator diagrams with a highly satisfactory degree of 
accuracy. 

Bulletin 278 presents a critical analysis of the data taken from a series of 
tests made by Professor A. P. Kratz, to determine the conditions prerequisite for 
the continuous operation of one of the 5OO -horsepower Babcock and Wilcox boilers 
then installed in the Mathews Avenue Power Plant at the University. The investiga- 
tions involved a detailed study of the boiler and furnace losses under a variety 
of conditions of load, depth of fuel bad, and draft, imder the usual working arrange- 
ment of the plant with Illinojs coal as fuel. The analysis designates the losses 
chargeable to boiler, furnace, and setting. The publication presents, also, complete 



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811 
forms for conducting and calculating a set of "boilGr testa. 

Bulletin l68 entitled "Heat Transmission through Boiler Tuhes," "by Professor 
H. 0. Croft, presents the results of a study of the factors affecting the trans- 
mission of heat through the tuhes of water-tube boilers. The study provides infor- 
mation valuable for making allowances in boilor • design for the normal losses in 
the efficiency of the heating surface under the usual: operating conditiono. Another 
set of combustion tests made under the direction of Professor Kratz on the boilers 
of the University Power Plant and summarized in Bulletin 213, was made in coopera- 
tion with the Zelgler Coal and Coke Conrpany for the purpose of comparing the perfor- 
mance characteristics of several Illinois coals as determined by their influence on 
the over-all efficiency, temperature of the flue gases, combustion rate, and draft 
required, when the boiler unit was operated at given steaming eapacities. 
Gas and Automotive Power . -Investigations carried on in gas and automotive power by 
Professor A. P. Kratz and Mr. C. Z. Rosecrans and published in Bulletins 133 and 157 
were devoted to a study of the basic principles underlying the explosions of gaseous 
fuels and the economic operation of the internal-combustion engine. The particular 
experiments related to a study of the factors producing detonation and a critical 
examination of the velocity of the explosive wave. Bulletin 133 contains a study of 
the physical phenomena involved in the explosion of various mixtures of illuminating 
gas and air. This includes the determiiuition of the effect of differently; shaped 
explosion vessels and of turbulence at the time of ignition, as well as a study 
of the heat loss from the burning masB of gas. Bulletin 157 summarizes a study of 
the flame propogation in a closed cylindrical bomb and coDipares the results of a 
theoretical analysis of flame propogation with the actual phenomena as observed by 
i means of photographic records. 

z. THERMOOTJJJIMICS 
Properties of Steam. -A very important contribution to the knowledge of steam was 
made by Professor G. A. Goodenough in Bulletin 75 entitled "Thermal Properties of 
Steam", where he succeeded analytically in harmonizing the existing physical data 
on the properties of saturated and superheated steam and in the developing of a new 



IrteSoet^A' 



812 
set of thermodynamic equations by Dieans of which all of the various propertioe of 

steam may he computed hy the method.8 of thorraodynamics. The results, more consistent 

than those provided "by formulas that had heen previously devised, vera of great 

interest to those who were exports in the field of thermodynamics, and formed the 

"banis for later publication of his stean' tables,- which were, such valuable Additions 

to the literature in that field, -being in general use in English-speaking countries 

for computations connected with the design and performance of steam- engineering 

equipment of all kinds. 

Another publication, Bulletin 139, entitled "An Investigation of the Maximum 
Temfjeratures and Pressures Attainable in the Combustion of Gaseous and Liquid Fuels," 
Issued under the direction of Professor Goodenough, presents a formulation by means 
of which the maximum temperature resulting from the combustion of a fuel under 
predetermined conditions may be calculated. 

Bulletin 150 by Mr. C. Z. Rosocrans and Mr. G. T. Felbock, is concerned with 
the application of a national thermodynamic analysie of the constant -volume, or 
Otto, cycle to laboratory-test results obtained from an engine operating on such a 
cycle, and with a discussion of the factors which prevent the actual engine from 
attaining the ideal pprfomance as defined by the thermodynamic analysis. The 
laboratory work involved sixty-five tests made with a Bogart gas engine operating 
at constant load and speed with various compression ratios, using illuminating gas 
and hydrogen as fuels. Heat losses wore deduced from a study of indicator cards; and 
a study of the heat processes was made for several variations of the Otto cycle. 

Bulletin 16O, "A Thermodynamic Analysis of Internal Combustion Engine Cycles," 
by Professor G. A. Goodenough and Ms*. J. B. Baker was somewhat of a sequel to the 
^ preceding two, and contains the report of an analytical investigation of the varia- 
tions in efficiency with modifications in mixture, compression ratio, expansion 
ratio, and heat losses computed for Otto and Diesel-cycle enginas, looking to the 
determination of a set of accurate values for the ideal efficiency of the two cycles 
in ordgr that such values might replace the usual air stand.ard. 

Bulletin 262 by Mr. E. A. Hershey and Professor R. F. Baton summarizes the 






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results of test made to determine flane teniperaturos in the cylinder of an internal- 
combustion engine, measured by an optical riothod with the use of the spectroscope 
and optical pyrometer, -a method capable of following the rapid fluctuations -v^lch 
occur in the cylinder, "but not in any way affecting the comhuetion process Itself. 
The published results include not only the maximum temperatures during the combustion 
for varying fuel ratios, but also compar® those recorded values with the computed 
values. 3. HEATING, VENTIMTniG, MD AIR-COrn)ITIOKING 

Heat TransmlBSion of Building; Materials . -The studies in heating, ventilating, and 
air-conditioning begalu with observations made to determine the relative ability of 
standard building materials used in the construction of exterior walla to resist the 
transmission of hefct under service conditions. Bulletin 102 summarizes the results 
made under the direction of Professor A. C. Wlllard to obtain information relating 
to the principles of heat transmifioidn by conductidn, .radir.tion, and convection of 
heat transmission to, through, and from a simple wall. 

Warm-Air Ftirnaces and Heating Systems. -A series of investigations on warm-air fur- 
naces and heating systems begun In October, I918, under the general direction of 
Professor A. C. Wlllard in cooperation with the National Warm- Air Heating and Ven- 
tilating Association, which in 1928 became known as the National Warm-Air Heating 
Association, and in I933 a^ the NEC-tional Warm-Air Heating ^d- Air-Conditioning 
AsaociaMon, he®, con.t.ilxue.d to date. Bulletin 112, • the first of the- -eyries stated, 
the' bbje'ct'ive'fe of the investi'^atioTis td' be as follo^/sJ • ' ' '- •" ' -■' ' 



1. To determine the efficiency and capacity of commercial warm-air furnaces 
under conditions similar to those existing in actual installations with leaders, 
stacks, and registers to form a conrplete system. 

I 2. To determine satisfactory and simple methods fbr rating furnaces so that 
the proper size and type of furnace can be definitely selected for the service 
required . 

3. To determine the methods of increasing the efficiency and capacity of 
furnace heating equipment and the advantages or desirability of certain types of 
design. 

h. To determine the heat losses in furnace heating systems and the ^alue of 
insulating materials as affecting the economy of the furnace or the leaders and 
stacks, and finally of the system as a whole. 



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5. To detornine the proper sizes and proportions of leaders, stacks, and 
registers supplying air to first, second, and third floors. 

6. To determine the friction losses in the cold air or recirculating ducts 
and registers, their proper sizes and proportions, and the arrangnont of location. 

7. Eventually, to noJce a study and coircparison of outside and inside air 
circulation ae affecting the economy and operation of furnace systems. 

The tests were conducted with a number of types of worm-air furnaces installed on 

the main floor of the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory. The piping was supported 

"by an open steel structure that simulated the conditions of a throe-story residence. 

Other hulletins reporting the descriptions and findings of the tests are: 117, 120, 

ll)-l, and l88. The conclusions stated in Bulletin 117 ore reported in full as 

follows: 

1. The use of thin sheets of ashestos paper on bright tin heat pipes results 
in a waste of heat. The use should "bo abandoned. 

2. Uncovered bright tin pipes are more efficient carriers of heated air than 
asbestos paper-covered bright tin pipes. 

3. This fact is true regardless of the degree of brightness of the tin surface. 

k. No small number of applications of asbestos paper will suffice as an 
insulator. Several thicknesses are necessary to make a covering equal in this 
respect to bare tin. 

5. The accvimulation of dust and dirt on the pipes does not greatly alter the 
amount of the loss. 

6. The heat loss from warm-air fvirnace pipes covered with one layer of 
asbestos paper is a serious item in the cost of heating, amounting to more than 5 
per cent of the coal consiuiiption, depending upon the number and size of the pipes 
iised . 

7. The fact that pipes ere partly protected from convection currents of air 
by Joists and studding does not greatly affect the loss. 

8. Unless the insulation excels the uncovered bright tin in heat -insulation 
properties, it should not be used. 

9. Such materials are available and the tests have shown their merits. 

The results of these investigations were summarized by Dean Milo S. Ketchum 
in a paper entitled "Value to the Industries of Engineering Research at the Uni- 
versity" as follows: 

1. The determination of the performance characteristics of furnaces of various 
typesj^ that is, the relation botwenn combustion rate, draft, efficiency, heating 
capacity, md air teniperatureo ..throughout the system. 

1. Proceedings of the Association of Land-Grant Colleges, Nov. 17-19,1925, pages 
259-260. 



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2. The denomination of the ho, .t-c. rr:,'inG-cr.T.cit7-CTi:" fli-ft, r^ucoiid, <".nd third 
floor lo-icTor: , .-.hd rti-x-kr: This makes it poBSlhle to design a wam-air systen in 
accordance with heat loan fron a "building, thusi placing the wann-air plant on the 
eama basis as a steam or hot-water pl^^^*- 

3. Tlie positive demonstration, in the research residence equipped with a 
nodern furnace heating plant, that a properly designed wam-air system is c. success- 
ful and satisfactory method of h?atin€ the better as well ae the smaller class of 
American homos. 

h. The determination of the proper type of covering for basement pipes in order 
to reduce the heat loss from such pipes. 

5. The determination of the principal sources of heat loss from a furance and 
the recommendation of means by which such losses may be minimized. 

6. The det-irmination of the relative effectiveness of several types of water 
pans when used as humidifiers. 

7. The investigation has also made pocslble the formulation of a standard code 
for installation which has been accepted by the Aiuerican Society of Heating and 
Ventilating Engineers and other national organizations. The adoption of the code 

is of the greatest value to tho home owner, the manufacturer, and the installer. 

Bulletin 3OO, "Pressure Losses Resulting from Changes in Cross-sectional 
Area in Air Ducts", by Professors A. P. Kratz and J. R. Fellows, prpDcntB an accoimt 
of an investigation of the losses occurring in abrupt expansions and contractions 
in air ducts, and in vcriouo types of transition sections connecting ducts of 
different diameters. 

Several experiments were run on the ¥am-Air Research Residence after it was 
completed in 1923, to examine the efficiency of different makes of warm-air furnaces 
in domestic heating. In order to secure comparative results, tests were made simul- 
taneously in the Mechanical Engineering Lbboratory and the residence. These exper- 
iments are reported in Bulletins I89, 2k6, and 266. 

The greatest interest in tho porform?xice of any heating plant centers on the 
records aecurod during the period of worst weather and load conditions. Circular 
15 by V. S. Day, outlines tho results obtained by the t-rorm-air heating plant in the 
Research, Residence dviring the J+8-hour test when the average outdoor tonporaturo was 
about throe dp/^reos below zero F. The circular also contains a brief description 
of the building and the heating plant. 

Further investigations carried on in tho Research Residonco with oil-fired, 
forced-air furnace systems conducted through the heating seasons of 193^, 1935 



■'^},ji.3fsafs^k-t^ fiwi»j1: aacX 



816 
and 1936, are avumarized in Bulletin 318. The oxporlcientB were concornod with com- 
pariBons of the heating efficiency of a eysten enploylng a conversion oll-*burning 
fiirnacQ with one using a wam-alr fiu-nace designed especially for warm-air coribus- 
tlon. 

Direct Stean and Hot-Water Heating SystenB .-In 1926, a cooperative agreenont was 
signed with the National Boiler and Radiator Manufacturers' Aeaociatlon which later 
bocone known as the Institute of Boiler and Radiator Manufacturers, and tho Illinois 
Master Plunbors' Association, to undertake studies in steon and hot -water heating 
systems . Bulletins 169, 192, and 223 ^--re puhlished, sumarizing tho findings of 
these investigatioiis. Tho first was concerned with the effect that various types 
of coianerclal radiator enclosures, shells, and covers have on the stean-condonDing 
ca.paclty of direct cast-iron radiators. The second was a continuation of the first 
under the special conditions of a zero-weather situation. Tho third dealt with 
studies involving variations In a number of factors attending tho heating of 
tjT^ical rooms supplied with cast-iron radiators. 

Sufficient data have "boon developed from tests made on modern commercial radia- 
tors operating under actual service conditions to indicate that tho heating perfor- 
mance of a radiator varies greatly with the type of radiator and that the best 
heating effects ore often obtained with radiators which condense the least amount 
of steam. In addition, research indicates, contrary to previous opinions, that 
enclosures and shields may improve the performance of such radiators and reduce 
the steam condensation, provided tho enclosure and shields are properly designed 
for tho purpose. 

Bulletin 3l^9 by Professors A. P. Kratz and M. K. Fahnestock and others, relates 
k to studies carried on in cooperation with the Institute of Boiler and Radiator 
Manufacturers concerning the performance of different- types of otean and hot-water 
heating systems and the resulting comfort conitions in the I-B-R Research Home in 
Urbana. The publication, the first report of the investigations scheduled to be 
conducted in this now building, includes a description of the apparatus used and 
provides results so far obtained by tho experiments. 



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817 
Sumrier Coolln/^ of Reaidenc83 .-I>urlng the surmei'e of 1932 to 1938 incluaive, investi- 
gations were made: under a cooperative agreenent vith the National Warm-Air Heating 
and Air -Conditioning A£?sociatlon, the American Society of Heating and Ventilating 

• Engineers, and others, on methods of cooling the Warm-Air Research Residence, re- 
cently constructed for experimental purposes. The tests, reported in Bulletins 290, 
305, and 321, were made on systems involving the use of ice-cooled water together 
with out-door air for cooling purposes in comparison with mechanical cooling systems. 
Flow of Air through Orifices in Circular Plates . -The flow of air through circular 
orifices in thin plates was the subject of an investigation directed hy Professor 
J. A. Poison that resulted in the publication of two bulletins, Kos. 207 and 2i^0. 
The first was concerned with circultu' orifices having a rounded edge of approach 
and the second with circular orifices having a square edge of approach. The inves- 
tigation supplied data which shown that the rounded edge is preferable to the square 
in that errors due to the derangement of the odge, arc less likely 1|0 occur, and in 
addition, provided coefficients which may be applied to Fliogner's formula for the 
flow of air. 

Hand -Firing of Bituminous Coal . -Circular k6 entitled "Hand -Firing of Bituminous Coal 
in the Home," by Professors A. P. Kratz and J. R. Fellows and Mr. J. C. Miles, pre- 
sents inrion-technical language the principles involved in the combustion of bitumin- 
ous coal and describes methods of operating a hand-fired furnace to produce the 
least smoke and greatest economy and efficiency, with the various grades of coal 
found in a war-time market. 

Ventilation Research on the Holland Vehicular Tunnel . -A series of six compeehensive 
reports representing experimental work carried on at the University over a five- 

I year period was made to the Chief Engineer of the New York State .and New Jersey 
Interstate Bridge and Tunnel Commission during 192O-1925 by Professor A. C. Wlllard, 
under whose direction the work was conducted, to supply data needed in the design 
and construction of the new vehicular tunnel being constructed under the Hudson 
River between New York City and Jersey City. The tests furnished sufficient in- 
formation to determine the size of the ducts that would be required to handle 



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3 600 000 cutlc feet of air per minute in order to dilute the ©xhauet gases from 
k 000 autanoliiles per hour. Thoy provided data, also, to determine the sizes and 
power requirements of the ilfjity-four supply and exhaust fans and motors that 
would lie needed to move the air input and outgo. Since this was the first long 
suhaqueous tunnel to "be constructed for autonoTjile traffic which approached the 
density of city-street conditions, the designers wore ohliged to depend almost 
entirely upon the results of these investigations for haeic information necessary 
to formulate their plans. 

k . MBCHAKICAL REPRIGBEATIOW 
/iomonia Yapor . -An important analytical Investigation under the immediate attention 
and direction of Professor G. A. Goodenough entitled "The "Properties of Saturated 
and Superheated Ammonia Vapor/' published in Bulletin 66 has "been of utmost value 
in the field of mechanical refrigeration. In the course of this experiment, there 
was assemhled for the first time all of the existing data relating to the properties 
of ammonia vapor. "After a careful analysis of these properties and of the appli- 
cation of their dynamic principles, it "became possi"ble to devise formulae for the 
calculation of the several essential properties of the sat^^ratod and superheated 
vapor of ammonia, from which were calcule;ted thhles which are now very largely used 
"by engineers who have occasion to deal with problems in mechanical refrigeration." 
These formulae have ena"bled refrigerating engineers to make calculations concerning 
mechanical refrigeration with far greater accuracy than had theretofore "been possi"blc 
Ammonia Condensers . -Although tests of condensers had been reported at various times, 
the results were isolated and fragmentray. Accordingly, it seemed desirable to 
undertaJce a systematic and rather extensive progren of research in this field in 
I order to correlate and give proper weight to the various factors entering into the 
design and operation of a nvimber of outstanding typos of ammonia condensers- In 
support of this view, a study was begun in 1926 by Professors A. P. Kratz and H. J. 
Macintire and Mr. R. E. Gould, which resulted in the publication of three bulletin^, 
Nos. 171, 166, and 209 . Bulletin 1?! presents a summary of a study made to 



1. The Technograph, May, 19l8, page ITO. 



819 
detennine the coefficient of hont 'Transfer for the various typos of aamonia con- 
densers, regarding the total surf ace aqjosed to saturated annonia vapor as a •v^ole. 
Bulletin l86 presents the results of a study made to ascertain the effect of re- 
ducing the condensing surface of the shell-and-tutp type of condenser, "by decreas- 
ing the length of the condenser tu"bes and "by reducing the number of effective tuTses, 
and to determine the coefficient of heat transfer for the douhle-pipe type of super- 
heat renovor. Bulletin 209 presents the results of observations on the pei'forinance 
of a horizontal shell-and-tuhe condenser over a wide rangp of operating conditions 
and with certain variations in the arrangement df • the surface. 

Plow of Brine in Pipes . -"The Flow of Brine in Pipes", a natter of interest to every- 
one connected with the refrigeration industry, was the subject of an Investigation 
by Mr. R. E. Gould and Mr. M. L. Levy reported in Bulletin l82. The experiment was 
particularly directed towards ascertaining the relation between the friction factor 
and Reynold's number when commercial calcium-chloride brine is circulated in standard 
wrought-iron pipes under the conditions encountered in refrigeration prectice, and 
also towards detemiining the viscosity of commercial brine. Closely related to 
this Investigation was one carried on by Professors A. P. Kratz and H. J. Macintire 
and Mr. R. E. Gould on the topic "Flow of Liquids in Pipes of Circular and /jinular 
Cross-Sections", reported In Bulletin 222. This study was undertaken to ascertain 
the relation betwesn the friction factor and Reynold's number for two sizes of 
standard wrought-iron pipes and for channels of annular cross-section, with two 
fluids, water and commercial calcium-chloride brine, and to determine the head loss 
resulting from the use of standard cast-iron elbows in pipe linos conveying commer- 
cial btlno. 

5. SHOP PRODUCTION AMD MANAGMeM" 
Molding Sand . -Two investigations have been carried on under the direction of 
Professor C. H. Casberg on a study of the properties of molding sand. The first 
summarized in Bulletin 200 deals with the laboratory tests of molding sand from 
all producing pits and from forty-two undeveloped deposits through the State and 
has enabled many foundry men to substitute excellent aand from local pits for 



,x-.^'.?^i- 



820 
inferior gradoe imported at considerable expense from othur areas and even from 
other states. 

The second set of investigations, undertaken with the assistance of Professor 
C. E. Schubert, was reviewed in Bulletin 28l, The report outlines a short hut 
accurate method for determining the durability of a given sample of molding sand, 
and presents a formula developed from laboratory tests, for computing bond strength, 
or the amount of clay , or sand necessary to restore used sand to its original strength 
The results of these studies have enabled "foundrymen to select clays and sands that 
are especially adapted to their particular needs. 

_CojeOil3.. -A study of core oils by Profeoeors C. H. Casborg and C. E. Schubert was 
reported in Bulletins 221 and 235. The first was related to a determination of 
the relation between the tensile -strength characteristics of cores and the physical 
and chemical properties of a number of commercial core oils used as a binder, and 
of the effect of moisture on the tensile strength of baked oorea. The second was 
concornedtwith the suitability of soy-bean, oil either as a substitute for, or a 
dilutent of, other oils used for the purpose of making eoree. 

Tvlst Drills . -Data obtained under the direction of Professor B. W. Benedict on the 
performance of twist drills operating in gray or soft cast iron, and summarized in 
Bulletin 103 entitled "An Investigation of Twist Drills"^ .serye the useful purpose 
of determining the relation between the helix angle of twist drills and the several 
methods of point-grinding, and torque, thrust, and endurance ability of such drills. 
Data summarized in anothur bulletin. No. 159, of the sane title provide information 
of the same natiure for both ^ay cast iron and steel. Both sets of experiments 
serve to substitute scientific methods for rule-of -thumb practice; and the figures 
indicate a substantial economy in operation for helix angles betwean 32 and 35 
degrees. A special drilling-machine dynamometer, constructed for these teats, 
provided all essential records of power input and consumption, friction loipsss^ 
torque, and thrust in drilling. One-inch, high-speed drlllB of many well-knowiP 
makes were used in the experiments. 



821 
Spur Gears . -"An investigation of the Efficiency and Dxirability of Spur Gears" is 
the title of Bulletin 1^9 written lay Professor C. W. Ham aid others that came out of 
a series of studies that were "begun in October, 1922, to study the effect of varying 
loads and speeds on the efficiency and durahility of the several standard forms of 
gear teeth in common use. The gears were made of various materials and were tested 
under a variety of conditions of lubrication. The results provide reliable data 
with which to correlate the wearing properties of gear teeth to their size, shape, 
and conposition, under different conditions of load, speed, and lubrication. 

Bulletin 335, entitled "A Photoelastic Study of Stresses in Gear-Tooth Fillets", 
by Professor T. J. Dolan and Mr. E. L. Broghamer, presents the results of a study 
of some of the factors influencing the localized stresses occurring at the fillets 
of several typos of gear teeth, as obtained from a series of tests of bakelito models 
of spur-gear teeth, utilizing the photoelastic method of stress analysis. 

m. METALLURGICAL IMXJSTRIES 
General . -Several studies have been made physically and chemically to examine the 
structure and behavior of metals and alloys as they are used in engineering practice. 
The most iiaportant of these relate to electric welding, hardenability of steel, 
transverse fissures in steel rails, and fatigue of metals, and are discussed 
briefly in the following statements. 

fn.ectric Welding of Structural Steel . -A set of Investigations in electric welding 
of structural steel was begun in 1931 in cooperation with the Chicago Bridge and 
Iron Works. Other organizations that later joined in investigation, include 
The Public Roads Administration, Federal Works .''igency; The Association of American 
Railroads; and the Bureau of Ships, Navy Department, U. S. Government; AmeEican 
I Welding Society; and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. The studios, 
conducted by Professors W. M. Wilson, A. B. Wilder, W. H. Bruckner, and others, 
and extending over a period of approximately fourteen years, have resulted in the 
publication of Bulletins 310, 32?, 337, 3^, and 350, and Circular 21. These tests 
involving studies of arc and spot welding of lap and butt welds under both commer- 
cial and ideal conditions on fatigue strength of welded connections of structural 



822 
meJBfbers serve to supply lnrportant Information regarding the "behavior of welded steel 

and the limits of otinlt etreeees permissahle to use in the design of structural parts. 
Heat -Treatment of Steel . -A study of the heat -treatment of steel is presented in 
Reprint 31 "by Professor H. L. Walker. The discussion deals especially with the 
principles involved in the treating process and with the "behavior of the metal dur- 
ing the operation. 

The Hardenahillty of Steels --In order to supply information regarding the harden- 
ahlllty of steel, -a term that refers to the depth of surface hardening, Professor 
W. H. Bruckner carried through a series of tests, the results of which were summar- 
ized in Bulletin 320. The information ohtalnod was especially valua'ble to those 
Interested in the use of car"burlzed and hardened roller hearings. 
Microscopic Structure of Steel . -Many investigations on the microscopic structure of 
steel have "been made as a part of the studies of fatigue of metals, transverse 
fiesures in steel rails, continuous welded rails, welded structural steel, and other 
experiments, supplementing the mechanical and chemical tests conducted to examine 
the properties of engineering materials. 

n. ACOUSTICS OF BUIIDINGS AND BUILDING MATERIALS 
Acoustics of AudltoriumB . -An intoreeting set of investigations made in the atten5>t 
to correct the acoustical defects of the University of Illinois Auditorium resulted 
in the puhlication of Bulletin 73, entitled "Acoustics of Auditorims", "by Professor 
P. R. Watson, and of Bulletin 87, entitled "Correction of Echoes and Reverhoratlons 
in the Auditorium, University of IlllnolB", "by Professors F. R. Watson and J. M. 
White. By rather inexpensive methods In the use of drapes, felts, and other similar 
materials, following a long, systematic, and painstaking investigation, the aoous- 
tlcal properties of the hullding were materially improved. The puhlication is 
especially interesting to architects and others employed in the design of largo- 
audionco rooms whore the elimination of echoes and reverhoratlons is a vital 
necessity for satisfactory servico. 

Acoustics of Building Materials . -The construction of such structures as office 
huildings, hotels, hospitals, and apartment houses with soimd-proof walls and par- 









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.;x>;:j:..;fe>'Tiiref'.i^ 9di^ an amtovds-.'aHi.^-^ 



iiQifCSiti- -p^flTXiiSf *r,0': 



.■•tt^ . ,'■' •■)■/-> .+»ri3,» '■. ?:•«?. ^., 



iUi?Sr..tf?Ki 



823 
tltlons has becomo bo especially lnrportant 'becauso of the disconcerting noises ro- 

Bultjng from the advent of modern forme of street and air transportation, the in- 
creased nvuniber of manufactiiring plants and mechanical devices, and the extensive 
use of radio receiving sots, that it has claimed the attention of architects and 
others interested in the design of puhlic hulldings. To provide information that 
would solve some of these prohloms. Professor F. R. Watson carried on a eorieo of 
tests with a number of huilding materials, the results of vhich were summarized in 
Bulletin 127, entitled "Sound -yroof Pcirtlttone". These oxporimonts proved ' to h* 
effective in supplying data useful to individuals and firms engaged in the design, 
construction, and furnishing of buildings and building materials. 
f .' o. HICfflWAY ENGINEERING 

General.- Research in highway engineering has extended to proper methods of grading 
and oiling earth roads, to designs of concrete road slabs and slab Joints and 
fillers, and to the design, construction, and maintenance of gravel roads. Circular 
11, entitled "The Oiling of Earth Roads", by Professor W. M. Wilson, presents infor- 
mation concerning the causes of failvire of oiled roads and recommendations for the 
satisfactory construction of such roads in practice. Circular l8, prepared by 
Professor C. C. Wiley on "The Construction, Rehabilitation, and Maintenance of Gravel 
Roads Suitable for Moderate Traffic", relates to problems involved in the development 
of secondary lines of highway travel. 

p . RAIIWAY TRACK AND ROLLING STOCK 
General . -The University of Illinois has contributed more than any other educational 
institution in this country to the sum-total of knowledge concerning the lyehaVlor of 
railway track and the pel*formance of rolling equipment under traffic conditions. 
I Investigations in the railway-engineering field extending over a period of thirty 
years include such projects as stresses in railroad track, transverse fissures in 
steel rails, continuous welded rails, locomotive operation, train resistance, and 
car-wheel and brake-shoe performance. Brief descriptions of work in these subjects 
appear in the following pages. 
BtroBses in Railroad Track . -Continuously from late in 1913 until the spring of 19^1, 



■»h:^.^y^ .y^,...,. 



82^+ 
over a quarter of a century, -the investigations of streBses in railway track were 
carried on under the general direction of a Joint coimnittee of twenty-two men, in- 
cluding engineers and officials holding important and responsilile positions among the 
railroads of the country, representing the American Railway Engineering Association 
and the American Society of Civil Engineers, and with contributions from a nuMber 
of the leading railroads and steel companies of the country. It was the general 
purpose of the committee to determine experimentally the stresses that were developed 
in the rails, ties, hallast, and roadhed under ordinary conditions of service in 
standard American railroad track. As chairman of the committee. Professor A. N. 
Talhot served in large measure to determine the course of the investigations and to 
direct the work of the experiments and the preparation of the seven progress reports 
that were published in the Proceedings of the American'Pailway Engineering Associa- 
tion and the American Society of Civil Engineers. 

All of these reports were ably illustrated by means of extensive charts 
and diagrams. The first one opens with a comprehensive analytical treatment of the 
action of railway track as an elastic structure, and then follows with an elaborate 
description of the apparatus used in the tests and the methods of conducting the 
experiments and with a presentation of the results obtained. This publication pre- 
sents really the first definite and comprehensive Information on the behavior of 
railway track as a structure. The second report deals wj.th the effect of speed and 
counterbalance on stresses in the rails; depression and flexure of the track, and the 
distribution of the pressure of the ties; and transmission of pressure through the 
ballast . 

Studies made on four cooperating railways with several types of steam loco- 
I motives on both straight and curved track, are svramcrizod in the third report. Some 
idea of the amount of detail involved in the field and office work of this report 
is gained from the statement of Professor Talbot that about kJO 000 strain-gage rec- 
ords were made and used In the course of procediu:'e. The action of several differ- 
ent types of electric locomotives . on straight and curved track was one of the 
principal topics cf the fourth report. The results of these studies give Information 



825 
that is very important in Judging the affects upon track of differences in design 

of the various types of electric motive power. Aiiother major topic treated in the 

fourth report was the effects of canting of rail. 

The fifth report gave consideration to the rail joint and its relation to 
rail, ties, and hallast. The discussion embodies a lengthy mathematical presenta- 
tion of the action of Joints and Joint bars under load. The sixth report continues 
with the results of laboratory and field tests of rail Joints, tests of GEO track, 
and general properties and qualities of track as related to stiffness of the rail 
support and to the uniformity of the play between the rail and tie and between the 
tie and Its support upon the application of load. The seventh and last report deals 
with tests of rails and rail Joints made with locomotives operating at various 
speeds and with rail and Joint-bar stresses and depressions measured by means of a 
ma.gi#t-ic strain gage and recorded on oscillograph film. 

These investigations, masterpieces in their field, and the first to 
approach the subject in a truly scientific manner, have served to develop a rational 
body of knowledge of vital importance to railway service; for the information ob- 
tained thereby and the fundamental principles established as a result of these ,'v f,-: 
studies' on the action of the track structure in all its parts, have had a great in- 
fluence on the further development of railway operation. They have led to inrprove- 
ments in practice in the design and maintenance of track structure to carry modem 
rolling stock under high-speed conditions. They have served, too, touindicate the 
balanced relationships that should exist between the elements of track stFiiolures 
and between track and motive power, thereby resulting in modifications in design of 
track and steam and electric locomotives and providing for greater safety and effic- 
iency in train operation. These experiments have been outstandingly instrumental 
in calling the attention of engineering and industrial interests to the character 
of research done at the University of IllinolB and have been correspondingly in- 
fluential in extending the reputation of the University throughout the scientific 
world . 
Transverse Fissures in Steel Rails . -In 1931, an investigation was undertaken under 



•iJt'iHi' £0 b^ff- 



826 
the direct superviGion of Professor H. F. Moore, in cooperation vith the Rail 
Manufacturers* Technical Committee and the American Railroad Association, now the • 
Association of American Railroads, acting through its suhsidiary, the American 
Railway Engineering Association, and a number of steel companies, on the suhject of 
transverse fissures in steel ;j?ails, that is still in progress. Ten progress reports 
have heen made so far to the American Railway Engineering Association, and these 
have teen repuhlished "by the Station as Reprints h, 8, 11, 12, Ik, l6, 21 22, 2^+, 
add 28- 

Those reports, providing materials from "both laboratory and field tests, 
relate to such topics as previous investlgJitions of fissures in steel rails, chemi- 
cal and metallographical structure of steel rails, mechanism of the formation and 
development of internal fissviret^ in rails, origin and prevention of shatter cracks 
in rails, effect of heat -treatment on the mechanical properties of rails, and end- 
hardening and "batter of rails. 

The results of these systematic investigations carried out in the lahora- 
tory under controlled conditions and in the field on a number of trmk lines offer- 
ing a variety of conditions of track and rolling stock, have served to supply an 
extensive body of dependable knowledge regarding the formation and cycle of these 
fractures or fissures and to provide remedial methods for alleviating the atten- 
ding difficulties. 

Contin uous Welded Ra ils. -To obtain first-hand information on the subject of con- 
tinuous welded rails in stoam railway operation, a form of track structure essen^ 
tially new in stean-road service, a series of investigations was begun in 1937 under 
the direction of Professor H. F. Moore, in cooperation with the American Associa- 
f tion of Railroads and its subsidiary, the American Railway Engineering Association. 
Two reports dealing with the behavior of continuous stretches of such construction 
in open-track formation, have been made to the American Railway Engineering Associa- 
tion, that have been of immensG interest and value to those engaged in the con- 
struction and malnton-mco of railway track. These wore published by the Station as 



827 
Reprints 13 and IT- 

The first of these contains a description of the types of voided Joints 
studied, \diich include gas-welded "by oxy-acetylene torch without pressure, Thermit 
process with pressure, electric flash "butt welds with prossuro, and gas-heated "butt 
welds with pressure. The report continues with a description of etch tests, and 
with metallographlc and hardness surveys; with mech£mical tests of specimens of 
welded rails; with tests of welded Joints under repeated \rtieel load; and with hend 
and drop tests of welded joints. 

The second report deals with further studies of welding including tests 
on the "behavior of welded Joints under repeated wheel load. It also covers metal- 
lographlc testa and mechanical tests of specimens from welded Joints. 
Shelly Spots in Steel Rails . -Studies that have "been carried on In the Tal"bot La"bora- 
tory since 19^+2 "by Professor R. E. Cramer under the general direction of Professor 
Moore, in cooperation with the American Railway Engineering Association and the Rail 
Manvifacturers'' Technical Committee, relate to causes and remedies for shelly spots 
in steel rails, -those structural defects that are due to internal cracks occurring 
on the gage side of the rail resulting in the "breaking out of the head a wedge- 
shaped piece of metal and th the ultimate failure of the rail section. The reports 
of these investigations pu"bliBhed in the Proceedings of the American Railway 
Engineering Association, are repu"bllQhed in Reprints 25 and 29- 

Fatigue Failure of Rail Joint Bars. -Another Investigation, made in cooperation with 
the American Railway Engineering Association, "begun under the direction of "Professor 
Tal"bot and cari-ied forward to date "by Professor Norvllle J. Alleman under the genera' 
supervision of Professor H. F. Moore, is deBcri"bed at some length in Reprints 26 
and 30. The experiments relate specifically to fatigue failures in rail 



828 

Joint "bars under repreated heavy loadings simulating those found under traffic con- 
dlttone . 

_Lqc omotl-y e Op or at 1 oru - A ntuaber of locomotive tests, carried on in the locomotive 
laboratory at the University under the direction of Professor E. C. Schmidt in 
cooperation with several trunk-line railway companies, have heen of intense interest 
and value to those engaged in the design, manufacture, and operation of steam locomo- 
tives. The first of these was on a Consolidation typo of engine loaned "by the 
Illinois Central Railroad Company in 1913 • The particular purpose tif the tests was 
to hreak in the testing plant, which had Just "been installed, and to compare the 
perforraiinco of this engine as it came from service with the results olitained after 
the cylinders, pistons, and other working parts had been repaired and placed in 
first-class condition. The results of the investigations were published in Bulletir 
82. The publication contains, also, an excellent detailed description of the loco- 
motive testing plant itself. 

In 1916 thjre began another sot of tests, -this time with a Mikado typo of 
Locomotive loaned by the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad Comp'iny to determine the steam- 
producing values of different sizes of coal when burned in a locomotive firebox. 
These re s^lsfesnrtfr^... published in Bullatiji 4P1.. Still another series of toots was 
run on a Mikado tj-pe of locomotive, -this one loaned by the Illinois Ceirferfel in 1930> 
to make comparisons on the pei^ormance of a locomotive with and without a syphon. 
The results of the series were published in Bulletin 220. 

Locomotive Front-Ends . -The results of studies made by Professor E. G. Young to 
provide information regarding the production of draft in a locomotive and the move- 
ments of air and gases through a locomoti/e front -end .'.proved to be of much economi- 
cal value to those engaged in the manufacture and operation of steam locomotives. 
The work, summarized in Bulletins 256 and 27i)., included tests of a quarter- scale 
model of a U. S. Railway Administration heavy 2-8-2 locomotive frontend in which 
about 300 front-end arrangements were used and a number of stacks and nozzles were 
employed with steam Jets in making the investigations. Bulletin 256 contains also 
an excellent digest of the results of a number of other experiments carried on in 



829 
this and other countries to examin© the front-end performance of steam locomotives. 

Railvay Tra in Resistance . -In 1908> a aeries of tests vas "begun under the direction 

of Professor E. C. Schmidt on the Chicago Division of the Illinois Central Railroad 

that would provide data which would serve as a "basis for computing tonnage ratings 

of various types of locomotives in railway service on that division. Tests were 

carried on hy means of the dynamometer car owned Jointly "by the University and the 

railroad to determine specifically the resistance of freight cars moving under the 

usual conditions of loads, speeds, and track and equipment maintenance. The results 

of these investigations puhlished in Bulletin k3, were long used as standards in 

American railway practice. Because of the demand, the "bulletin was reprinted in 

condensed form in 193^. 

Tipaln-reBi stance tests were continued on the Illinois Central with this 
dynamometer car under varying weather conditions until 1912, when another "bulletin 
No. 59, desci'ihing the effects of cold weather upon train resistance and tonnage 
ratings, appeared that provided additional information useful to men engaged in 
directing railway operation under cold -weather conditions. 

Another puhllcation, Bulletin 110, on the su'bject of passenger -train 
resistance, summarized the results of testa made on the Illinois Central "by means' ' 
of the same dyncmoneter cor that was used in the previous investigations. The 
experiments covered a wide range of conditions of speed and rolling etjuipment. 

All of thes3 investigations ena"bled the railways to compute their tonnage 
ratings "by scientific processes instead of "by the rulo-of -thum'b practice that 
formerly prevailed, permitting a "better "balance "between motive power and train loads 
for various grades and speeds, and there"by providing a su"b3tantial economy in train 
operation. 

Railway Car-Wheel and Brake-Shoe Performance . -The performance of railway car wheels 
has "been a su"bject of investigations at the University for a"bout a quarter of a 
century. The first "bulletins pu"bli8hed "by the Station in this field were Nos. 129, 
13^, and 135, issued in 1922-23, summarizing testa carried on xrnder the super- 
vision of Professor J. M. Snodgrass in cooperation with The Association of Manu- 



830 
factiirers of Chilled Iron Car Wlisels. These teste related to determinations of 
the magnitude and distribution of strains developed due to the fit of the wheel 
on the axle and to static loadings, of stresses produced in the wheel flanges due 
to horizontal thrusts, and of stresses caused In \^eelo "by "brake applications, and 
to determinations of hrake-shoe friction and "brake-shoe wear. 

Continuing interest in the performance of railway hrake shoos led to 
another series of tests under the direction of Professor Schmidt, and the publica-' :u 
tlon of Bulletin 257, to study the coefficients of friction of brake shoes over the 
usual range of shoe pressures and wheel speeds for both chilled-iron and steel 
wheels - 

In an attempt to determine the conditions that prevail during relatively 
long -oeriods of brake application, such as those corresponding to service conditions 
on long descending graces, the work was continued, -this time in cooperation with 
The Association of Manufacturers of Chilled Cnr Wheels, -on chilled car wheels, and 
the results were published in Bulletin 298. The investigations included stadias 
of resistance to heat-checking and cracking of the wheels, of strains developed in 
the wheels during these longer periods of braking control, and of the action of the 
brake shoes under such sustained application. 

To supply the needs for new data on brake- shoo performance under conditions 
prevailing in high-speed streamlined train service, additional tests wore carried 
on by Professor H. J. Schrader on steel wheels with speeds ranging from 60 to l40 
miles an hour. Th© results of those investigations wore published in Bulletin 3OI. 

Another set of static tests nado under the supervision of Professor F. E. 
Richart in cooperation with The Association of Manufacturers of Chilled Car Wheels 
was completed in 1937 and published in Bulletin 29*^. The, tests gave consideration 
to stresses inohilled car wheels due to mounting the wheel on the axle, to static 
axle loadings, and to flange thrusts and to investigations of the breaking strength 
of wheel-tread rims. 

A somswhat similar set of tests was conducted by Mr. Thomas J. Dolan and 
Mr. Rex L. Brown in cooperation with The Carnegie-Illinois Steel Corporation, but 



. ^;4>rfQ ^ ^'ttf ■&«» no t*5? f^ • ■ 



^.- . J. ■ , . ' ■ 



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/SQ^l- exfi? " .6- 



iOMOW OCT 



lattiTtaO.:, 



with steel whoela asVtest epecinQno. The results of these studios were published 
in Bulletin 312 

These studies and obEorvatione on the performance of cor wheels and brake 
shoes have contributed a great stock of Information so vitally in^ortant to design- 
ers, manufacturers, and operators of railway rolling stock that it has led to im- 
provements in car wheel and brake-shoo design and construction, that have, in turn, 
promoted greater safety in train operation. 

d. SUMMAEY 
General Statement . -While it is not possible to appraise or evaluate accurately the 
work of the Engineering Eicperimont Station, there is no doubt but that the long 
list of publications in the form of bulletins, circulars, and reprints listed at 
the end of this chapter is evidence that the Station in the more than forty years 
of its existence, has done much to provide accurate data regarding the properties 
of the materials used in engineering production, thereby aiding in the advancement 
of the sum-total of engineering knowledge and of the development of. the industries 
of the State and Nation. Probably no other state agency in the world has been any 
more effective in extending the field of engineering science than the Engineering 
Experiment Station here at the University of Illinois. 

The experiments undertaken include a wide range of subjects having partic- 
ular Interest to individuals and orgojaizations engaged in industrial and profession- 
al practice; but while some advantages accrue directly and immediately to such 
inditi duals and groups, the ultimate benefits extend to the community, then to the 
State and the Nation. Such economic advantages include the proper utilization and 
conservation of natural resources as well as the recovery of waste products and 
the use of by-products, the production of a store of substitute materials and the 
improvements in performance of those already at hand, and the availability of 
entirely new products and processes. 

While the Station has never had "such financial support from federal funds 
as that allotted to the agricultural experiment stations connected with some of 
the larger laM-grant colleges, its work has gone forward with steady bjit substan- 



832 
tial progroBB under the allovances and contrilsutlons provided from State and 
proprietary sources; and there can Tdc little question "but that the reputation the 
Station envoys in the estimation of "both the engineering profession and the general 
puhltc. as to the authoritative". :quallty-6f the reaults, attaihed and: the uiipS-eJudlced 
character of the publications/ has. gone, far in establishing the prestige which the 
University maintains among the educational institutions of the United States and 
the vorld at large. 



fiii^ .. sCi'Cu: 



qai;..vi;i;;. 



PUBLICATIONS 

OF THE 

ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT 
STATION 

OF THE 

UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

URBANA, ILLINOIS, U.S.A. 




CASH WITH ORDERS FOR PUBLICATIONS 
NO LONGER FREE 



UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS BULLETIN 

VOLUME 44, NUMBER 53, MAY 2, 1947. Published every five days by the University of 
Illinois. Entered as second-class matter at the post office at Urbana, Illinois, under the 
Act of August 24, 1912. Office of Publication, 358 Administration Building, Urbana, Illi- 
nois. Acceptance for mailing at the special rate of postage provided for in Section 1103, 
Act of October 3, 1917, authorized July 31, 1918. 



UNIVERSITY OF ILLINOIS 

ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION 

URBANA, ILLINOIS, U. S. A. 

George Dinsmore Stoddard, Ph.D., Litt.D., L.H.D., LL.D., 
President of the University 



EXECUTIVE STAFF 

Melvin Lorenius Enger, M.S., C.E., Director 

Maurice Kendall Fahnestock, B.S., M.S., Research Professor of Mechanical 

Engineering and Assistant Director 
Andrew Irving Andrews, Ph.D., Professor of Ceramic Engineering . 
Whitney Clark Huntington, M.S., C.E., Professor of Civil Engineering 
Harvey Herbert Jordan, B.S., Professor of General Engineering Drazving 
Henry Eraser Johnstone, Ph.D., Professor of Chemical Engineering 
Norman Alwyn Parker, B.S,, M.S., M.E., Professor of Mechanical 

Engineering 
Francis Wheeler Loomis, Ph.D., Professor of Physics 
William Littell Everitt, E.E., Ph.D., Professor of Electrical Engineering 
Fred B. Seely, M.S., Professor of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics 
Henry Sheldon Stillwell, M.S., Professor of Aeronautical Engineering 
Harold Leroy Walker, M.S., Met.E., Professor of Metallurgical Engineering 



Lisle Abbott Rose, Ph.B., M.A., Ph.D., Editor 



The Engineering Experiment Station was established by act of the Board of 
Trustees, December 8, 1903. It is the purpose of the Station to carry on investiga- 
tions along various lines of engineering and to study problems of importance to 
professional engineers and to manufacturing, railway, mining, constructional, and 
industrial interests of the State. 

The results of these investigations are published in the form of bulletins which 
record mostly the experiments of the Station's own staff of investigators. There are 
also issued from time to time, in the form of circulars, compilations giving the 
results of the experiments of engineers, industrial works, technical institutions, and 
governmental testing departments, and reprints of articles appearing in the technical 
press written by members of the staff and others. 

Each bulletin issued by the Engineering Experiment Station is subject to a free 
initial distribution on the basis of existing mailing lists. It is also placed on sale 
with authorized agencies both in this country and abroad. A limited number of 
copies are available for free distribution upon request, for a period of six months 
after the initial distribution. After that time or as the supply of each bulletin 
approaches exhaustion, it is placed upon a reserve list. The effect of this action is 
to withdraw such bulletins from free distribution. Bulletins withdrawn from free 
distribution are available to any applicant upon payment of the assigned price, so 
long as the supply lasts. Remittance should accompany the order. 

Most hulletins no longer procurable from the Station can be borrowed from 
general and technical libraries, nearly five hundred of which are on the Station's 
mailing lists. 

A name is placed upon the regular mailing lists of the Station at the personal 
request of the person, institution, or company so desiring. 

500—5-47—35140 



PUBLICATIONS OF 
THE ENGINEERING EXPERIMENT STATION 

Bulletins, circulars, and reprints have been grouped here for the reader's con- 
venience under the various Departments of the College of Engineering: 
Architectural Engineering; Ceramic Engineering; Chemical Engineering; Civil 
Engineering; Electrical Engineering; Engineering Physics; Mechanical Engi- 
neering; Mining and Metallurgical Engineering; Railway Engineering; and 
Theoretical and Applied Mechanics. Each publication is classified according 
to the department of the senior author. Many publications report cooperative 
investigations involving more than one department. 

Page numbers of departmental groups of publications are: 

Arcli. Eng 3 Elec. Eng 10 Min. & Met. Eng. , IS 

Cer. Eng 3 Eng. Phys 11 Railway Eng 17 

Chem. Eng 4 Mech. Eng 11 T.&A.M 18 

Civ. Eng 6 

The departmental lists are supplemented by two others. A numerical list 
(page 23) will aid those readers who know the serial number of a publica- 
tion they seek, but not its author or his department. An alphabetical index 
of authors (page 26) gives the serial numbers of each author's publications 
and the departments of engineering under which the complete title of the 
publication is listed. 

DEPARTMENTAL LISTS 



ARCHITECTURAL ENGINEERING 

BULLETINS 

13. An Extension of the Dewey Decimal System of Classification Applied to 
Architecture and Building, by N. C. Ricker. 1Q06. None available. 

16. A Study of Roof Trusses, by N. C. Ricker. 1907. None available. 

35. A Study of Base and Bearing Plates for Columns and Beams, by N. C. Ricker. 

1909. None available. 
121. The Volute in Architecture and Architectural Decoration, by R. Newcomb. 
1921. Forty-five cents, 

CERAMIC ENGINEERING 

BULLETINS 

118. Dissolved Gases in Glass, by E. W. Washburn, F. F. Footitt,'and E. N. 

Bunting. 1920. Twenty cents. 
140. The Viscosities and Surface Tensions of the Soda-Lime-Silica Glasses at 

High Temperatures, by E. W. Washburn, G. R. Shelton, and E. E. Libman. 

1924. Forty-five cents. 
1S4. An Investigation of the Translucency of Porcelains, by C. W. Parmelee and 

P. W. Ketchum. 1926. Fifteen cents. 
163. A Study of Hard Finish Gypsum Plasters, by T. N. McVay. 1927. Thirty 

cents. 
179. An Investigation of Checkerbrick for Carbureters of Watergas Machines, by 

C. W. Parmelee, A. E. R. Westman, and W. H. Pfeiffer. 1928. Fifty cents. 
181. The Thermal Expansion of Fireclay Bricks, by A. E. R. Westman. 1928. None 

available. 



< Publicafions of fhe Engineering Experiment Stafion 

CERAMIC ENGINEERING, Continued 

193. An X-Ray Study of Firebrick, by A. E. R. Westman. 192Q. Fifteen cents. 

201. Acid Resisting Sheet Iron Cover Enamels, by A. I. Andrews. 1929. Twenty- 
five cents. 

214. The Effect of Fui-nace Gases on the Quality of Enamels for Sheet Steel, by 
A. I. Andrews and E. A. Hertzell. 1930. Twenty cents. 

224. The Effect of Smelter Atmosphere on the Quality of Enamels for Sheet Steel, 

by A. I. Andrews and E. A. Hertzell. 1931. Ten cents. 

225. The Microstructure of Some Porcelain Glazes, by C. L. Thompson. 1931. 

Fifteen cents. 
227. The Effect of Smelter Atmospheres on the Quality of Dry Process Enamels 

for Cast Iron, by A. I. Andrews and H. W. Alexander. 1931. Ten cents. 
229. The Effect of Thermal Shock on Clay Bodies, by W. R. Morgan. 1931. 

Twenty cents. 
233. An Investigation of the Properties of Feldspars, by C. W. Parmelee and 

T. N. McVay. 1931. Thirty cents. 
248. A Study of a Group of Typical Spinels, by C. W. Parmelee, A. E. Badger, 

and G. A. Ballam. 1932. Thirty cents. 
271. Determination of Mean Specific Heats at High Temperatures of Some Com- 
mercial Glasses, by C. W. Parmelee and A. E. Badger. 1934. Thirty cents. 
273. Mechanical-Electrical Stress Studies of Porcelain Insulator Bodies, by 

C. W. Parmelee and J. O. Kraehenbuehl. 1935. Seventy-five cents. 
284. Oxidation and Loss of Weight of Clay Bodies during Firing, by W. R. Morgan. 

1936. Fifty cents. 
311. The Surface Tensions of Molten Glass, by C. W. Parmelee, K. C. Lyon, 

and C. G. Harman. 1939. Free upon request. 

CIRCULARS 

14. The Measurement of the Permeability of Ceramic Bodies, by P. W. Ketchum, 
A. E. R. Westman, and R. K. Hursh. 1926. Fifteen cents. 

17. A Laboratory Furnace for Testing Resistance of Firebrick to Slag Erosion, 
by R. K. Hursh and C. E. Grigsby, 1928. Fifteen cents. 

22. Condensation of Moisture in Flues, by W. R. Morgan. 1934. Thirty cents. 



CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 

BULLETINS 

17. The Weathering of Coal, by S. W. Parr, N. D. Hamilton, and W. F. Wheeler. 

1907. None avaUable. 
24. The Modification of Illinois Coal by Low Temperature Distillation, by 

S. W. Parr and C. K. Francis. 1908. Thirty cents. 
32. The Occluded Gases in Coal, by S. W. Parr and P. Barker. 1909. Fifteen cents. 
2,7. Unit Coal and the Composition of Coal Ash, by S. W, Parr and W. F. 

Wheeler. 1909. None available. 

38. The Weathering of Coal, by S. W. Parr and W. F. Wheeler. 1909. Tiventy- 

five cents. 

39. Tests of Washed Grades of Illinois Coals, by C. S. McGovney. 1909. Seventy- 

five cents. 
46. The Spontaneous Combustion of Coal, by S. W. Parr and F. W. Kressman. 
1910. None available. 



Publications of fhe Engineering Experiment Station 5 

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Continued 

60. The Coking of Coal at Low Temperature, with a Preliminary Study of the 

By-Products, by S. W. Parr and H. L. Olin. 1912. Twenty-five cents. 
76. The Analysis of Coal with Phenol as a Solvent, by S. W. Parr and H. F. 

Hadley. 1914. Twenty-five cents. 
79. The Coking of Coal at Low Temperatures, with Special Reference to the 

Properties and Composition of the Products, by S. W. Parr and H. L. Olin. 

1915. Tiventy-five cents. 

93. A Preliminary Study of the Alloys of Chromium, Copper, and Nickel, by 

D. F. McFarland and O. E. Harder. 1916. Thirty cents. 

94. The Embrittling Action of Sodium Hydroxide on Soft Steel, by S. W. Parr. 

1917. Thirty cents. 
97. Effects of Storage upon the Properties of Coal, by S. W. Parr. 1917. Twenty 

cents. 
111. A Study of the Forms in Which Sulphur Occurs in Coal, by A. R. Powell 

with S. W. Parr. 1919. Thirty cents. 
155. The Cause and Prevention of Embrittlement of Boiler Plate, by S. W. Parr 

and F. G. Straub. 1926. None available. 
177. Embrittlement of Boiler Plate, by S. W. Parr and F. G. Straub. 1928. None 

available. 
180. The Classification of Coal, by S. W. Parr. 1928. Thirty-five cents. 
204. The Hydroxylation of Double Bonds, by S. Swann, Jr. 1929. Ten cents. 
206. Studies in the Electrodeposition of Metals, by D. B. Keyes and S. Swann, Jr. 

1930. Ten cents. 

216. Embrittlement in Boilers, by F. G. Straub. 1930. Reprinted, 1933. Eighty- 
five cents. 
219. Treatment of Water for Ice Manufacture, by D. Burks, Jr. 1930. Sixty cents. 
228. The Corrosion of Power Plant Equipment by Flue Gases, by H. F. Johnstone. 

1931. Sixty-five cents. 

236. The Electrolytic Reduction of Ketones, by S. Swann, Jr. 1931. Ten cents. 
238. The Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Ethyl Alcohol, by D. B. Keyes and 
R. D. Snow. 1931. Twenty cents. 

252. The Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Ethyl Alcohol in the Vapor Phase, by 

D. B. Keyes and W. L. Faiths 1933. Free upon request. 

253. Treatment of Water for Ice Manufacture, Part II, by D. Burks, Jr. 1933. 

Forty-five cents. 

254. The Production of Manufactured Ice at Low Brine Temperatures, by 

D. Burks, Jr. 1933. Seventy cents. 
261. The Cause and Prevention of Calcium Sulphate Scale in Steam Boilers, by 
F. G. Straub. 1933. Free upon request. 

282. The Cause and Prevention of Steam Turbine Blade Deposits, by F. G Straub. 

1936. Fifty-five cents. 

283. A Study of the Reactions of Various Inorganic and Organic Salts in Pre- 

venting Scale in Steam Boilers, by F. G. Straub. 1936. One dollar. 
324. The Recovery of Sulphur Dioxide from Dilute Waste Gases by Chemical 
Regeneration of the Absorbent, by H. F. Johnstone and A. D. Singh. 1940. 
One dollar. 

328. A Study of the Plate Factors in the Fractional Distillation of the Ethyl 
Alcohol-Water System, by D. B. Keyes and Leonard Byman. 1941. Free 
I" upon request. 



6 Publications of the Engineering Experiment Station 

CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, Continued 

330. Heat Transfer to Clouds of Falling Particles, by H. F. Johnstone, R. L. Pig- 
ford, and J. H. Chapin. 1941. Sixty-five cents. 

354. The Viscosity of Gases at High Pressures, by E, W. Comings, B. J. Mayland, 
and Ji. S. Egly. 1944. Seventy-five cents. 

364. Steam Turbine Blade Deposits, by F. G. Straub. 1946. Free upon request. 

CIRCULARS 

12. The Analysis of Fuel Gas, by S. W. Parr and F. E. Vandaveer. 1924. None 

available. 

13. The Density of Carbon Dioxide with a Table of Recalculated Values, by 

S. W. Parr and W. R. King, Jr. 1926. Fifteen cents. 

19. Equipment for Gas-Liquid Reactions, by D. B. Keyes. 1929. Ten cents. 

20. An Electrical Method for the Determination of the Dew-Point of Flue Gases, 

by H. F. Johnstone. 1929. Fifteen cents. 

34. The Chemical Engineering Unit Process— Oxidation, by D. B. Keyes. 1938. 

Fifty cents. 

35. Factors Involved in Plate Efficiencies for Fractionating Columns, by D. 

B. Keyes. 1938. None available. 

36. A Survey of Sulphur Dioxide Pollution in Chicago and Vicinity, by A. 

D. Singh. 1938. Forty cents. 
50. Bibliography of Electro-Organic Chemistry, by S. Swann, Jr. 1945. (hi press.) 

REPRINTS 

2. Progress in the Removal of Sulphur Compounds from Waste Gases, by H. 

F. Johnstone. 1933. None available. 

3. Chemical Engineering Problems, by D. B. Keyes. 1936. None available. 

6. Electro-Organic Chemical Preparations, by S. Swann, Jr. 1936. Thirty-five 
cents. 

18. English Engineering Units and Their Dimensions, by E. W. Comings. 1940. 

Fifteen cents. 

19. Electro-Organic Chemical Preparations, Part II, by S. Swann, Jr. 1940. 

Thirty cents. 

20. New Trends in Boiler Feed Water Treatment, by F. G. Straub. 1940. Fifteen . 

cents. 
36. Electro-Organic Chemical Preparations, Part III, by S. Swann, Jr. March, 
1947. Free upon request. 



CIVIL ENGINEERING 

BULLETINS 

6. Holding Power of Railroad Spikes, by R. I. Webber. 1906. None available. 
23. Voids, Settlement, and Weight of Crushed Stone, by I. O. Baker. 1908. None 

available. 
70. The Mortar-Making Qualities of Illinois Sands, by C. C. Wiley. 1913. 

Twenty cents. 

80. Wind Stresses in the Steel Frames of Office Buildings, by W. M. Wilson and 

G. A. Maney. 1915. None available. 

81. Influence of Temperature on the Strength of Concrete, by A. B. McDaniel. 

1915. Fifteen cents. 



Publicafions of fhe Engineering Experiment Station 7 

CIVIL ENGINEERING, Continued 

104. Tests to Determine the Rigidity of Riveted Joints of Steel Structures, by 
W. M. Wilson and H. F. Moore. 1917. None available. 

108. Analysis of Statically Indeterminate Structures by the Slope Deflection 

Method, by W. M. Wilson, F. E. Richart, and C. Weiss. 1918. None 
available. 

109. The Orifice as a Means of Measuring Flow of Water through a Pipe, by 

R. E. Davis and H. H. Jordan. 1918. Twenty-five cents. 
143. Tests on the Hydraulics and Pneumatics of House Plumbing, by H. E. Babbitt. 

1924. Forty cents. 
162. Tests on the Bearing Value of Large Rollers, by W. M. Wilson. 1927. Forty 

cents. 
174. The Effect of Climatic Changes on a Multiple Span Reinforced Concrete Arch 

Bridge, by W. M. Wilson. 1927. Forty cents. 
178. Tests on the Hydraulics and Pneumatics of House Plumbing, Part II, by 

H. E. Babbitt. 1928. Thirty-five cents. 
191. Rolling Tests of Plates, by W. M. Wilson. 1929. Thirty cents. 
198. Results of Tests on Sewage Treatment, by H. E. Babbitt and H. E. Schlenz. 

1929. Fifty-five cents. 

202, Laboratory Tests of Reinforced Concrete Arch Ribs, by W. M. Wilson. 1929. 

Fifty-five cents. 

203. Dependability of the Theory of Concrete Arches, by H. Cross. 1929. Twenty 

cents. 
210. Tension Tests of Rivets, by W. M. Wilson and W. A. Oliver. 1930. None 

available. 
215. Column Analogy, by H. Cross. 1930. Reprinted, 1935. None available. 
226. Laboratory Tests of Reinforced Concrete Arches with Decks, by W. M. 

Wilson, 1931. Fifty cents. 
232. Run-Off Investigations in Central Illinois, by G. W. Pickels. 1931. Seventy 

cents. 
234. Movement of Piers during the Construction of Multiple-Span Reinforced 

Concrete Arch Bridges, by W. M. Wilson. 1931. Tiventy cents. 
239. Tests of Joints in Wide Plates, by W. M. Wilson, J. Mather, and C. O. Harris. 

1931. Forty cents. 

241. Strength of Light I-Beams, by M. S. Ketchum and J. O. Draffin. 1932. 

Twenty-five cents. 

242. Bearing Value of Pivots for Scales, by W. M. Wilson, R. L. Moore, and 

F. P. Thomas. 1932. Thirty cents. 
255. The Strength of Thin Cylindrical Shells as Columns, by W. M. Wilson and 

N. M. Newmark. 1933. Fifty cents. 
263. The Bearing Value of Rollers, by W. M. Wilson. 1934. Forty cents. 

268. The Mechanical Aeration of Sewage by Sheffield Paddles and by an As- 

pirator, by H. E. Babbitt. 1934. Free upon request. 

269. Laboratory Tests of Three-Span Reinforced Concrete Arch Ribs on Slender 

Piers, by W. M. Wilson and R. W. Kluge. 1934. One dollar. 

270. Laboratory Tests of Three-Span Reinforced Concrete Arch Bridges with 

Decks on Slender Piers, by W. M. Wilson and R. W. Kluge, 1934. One 
dollar. 
275. The Effect of Time Yield in Concrete upon the Deformation Stresses in 
a Reinforced Concrete Arch Bridge, by W. M. Wilson and R. W. Kluge. 
1935. Forty cents. 



B Publications of the Engineering Experiment Station 

CIVIL ENGINEERING, Continued 

280. The Effect of Residual Longitudinal Stresses upon the Load-Carrying Ca- 
pacity of Steel Columns, by W. M. Wilson and R. L. Brown. 1935. Thirty 
cents. 

286. Analysis of Flow in Networks of Conduits or Conductors, by H. Cross. 1936. 

Thirty-five cents. 

287. The Biologic Digestion of Garbage with Sewage Sludge, by H. E. Babbitt, 

B. J. Leland, and F. H, Whitley, Jr. 1936. One dollar. 
292. Tests of Steel Columns; Thin Cylindrical Shells; Laced Channels; Angles, 
by W. M. Wilson. 1937. Fifty cents. 

295. Tests of Thin Hemispherical Shells Subjected to Internal Hydrostatic Pres- 

sure, by W. M. Wilson and J. Marin. 1937. Thirty cents. 

296. Magnitude and Frequency of Floods on Illinois Streams, by G. W. Pickels. 

1937. Seventy cents. 
302. Fatigue Tests of Riveted Joints, by W. M. Wilson and F. P. Thomas. 1938. 

Free upon request. 
304. A Distribution Procedure for the Analysis of Slabs Continuous over Flexible 

Beams, by N. M. Newmark. 1938. None available. 

308. An Investigation of Rigid Frame Bridges: Part II, Laboratory Tests of 

Reinforced Concrete Rigid Frame Bridges, by W. M. Wilson, R. W. Kluge, 
and J. V. Coombe. 1938. Eighty-five cents. 

309. The Effects of Errors or Variations in the Arbitrary Constants of Simul- 

taneous Equations, by G. H. Dell. 1938. Sixty cents. 

310. Fatigue Tests of Butt Welds in Structural Steel Plates, by W. M. Wilson and 

A. B. Wilder. 1938. Sixty-five cents. 

313. Tests of Plaster-Model Slabs Subjected to Concentrated Loads, by N. M. New- 
mark and H. A. Lepper. 1939. Si.vty cents. 

317. Fatigue Tests of Connection Angles, by W. M. Wilson and J. V. Coombe. 

1939. Free upon request. 

319, Laminar Flow of Sludges in Pipes with Special Reference to Sewage Sludge, 
by H. E. Babbitt and D. H. Caldwell. 1940. Free upon request. 

322. An Investigation of Rigid Frame Bridges: Part III, Tests of Structural 

Hinges of Reinforced Concrete, by R. W. Kluge. 1940. Free upon request. 

323. Turbulent Flow of Sludges in Pipes, by H. E. Babbitt and D. H. Caldwell. 

1940. Free upon request. 

327. Fatigue Tests of Welded Joints in Structural Plates, by Wilbur M. Wilson, 
W. H. Bruckner, J. V. Coombe, and R. A. Wilde. 1941. One dollar. 

331. Tests of Cylindrical Shells, by W. M. Wilson and E. D. Olson. 1941. Free 
upon request. 

333. The Suitability of Stabilized Soil for Building Construction, by E. L. Hansen. 

1941. Forty-five cents. 

336. Moments in I-Beam Bridges, by N. M. Newmark and C. P. Siess. 1942. 

One dollar. 

337. Tests of Riveted and Welded Joints in Low-Alloy Structural Steels, by 

W. M. Wilson, W. H. Bruckner, and T. H, McCrackin, Jr. 1942. Eighty 
cents. 

338. Influence Charts for Compulation of Stresses in Elastic Foundations, by 

N. M. Newmark. 1942. _ Thirty- five cents. 

344. Fatigue Tests of Commercial Butt Welds in Structural Steel Plates, by W. 
M. Wilson, W. H. Bruckner, T. H. McCrackin, Jr., and H. C. Beede. 1943. 
One dollar. 

350. Fatigue Strength of Fillet-Weld and Plug- Weld Connections in Steel Struc- 
tural Members, by W. M. Wilson, W. H. Bruckner, J. E. Duberg, and 
H. C. Beede. 1944. One dollar. 

352. Impact on Railway Bridges, by C. T. G. Looney. 1944. One dollar. 



Publicafions of fhe Engineering Exper/menf Station 9 

CIVIL ENGINEERING, Continued 

360. Investigations of the Strength of Riveted Joints in Copper Sheets, by W. M. 

Wilson and A. M. Ozelsel. 1945. Free upun request. 

361. Residual Stresses in Welded Structures, by W. M. Wilson and Chao-Chien 

Hao. 1946. Seventy cents. 

363. Studies of Slab and Beam Highway Bridges: Part I — Tests of Simple-Span 
Right I-Beam Bridges, by N. M. Newmark, C. P. Siess, and R. R. Penman. 
1946. Free upon request. 

365, Joints in Concrete Pavements, by J. S. Crandell, V. Ll. Glover, W. C. Hunt- 
ington, J. D. Lindsay, F. E. Richart, and C. C. Wiley. (In press.) 

267. Influence Charts for Computation of Vertical Displacements in Elastic Founda- 
tions, by N. M. Newmark. March, 1947. Free upon request. 

CIRCULARS 

2. Drainage of Earth Roads, by I. O. Baker. 1906. None available. 

10. The Grading of Earth Roads, by W. M. Wilson. 1923. Fifteen cents. 

11. The Oiling of Earth Roads, by W. M. Wilson. 1924. Fifteen cents. 

18. The Construction, Rehabilitation, and Maintenance of Gravel Roads Suitable 

for Moderate Traffic, by C. C. Wiley. 1929. Thirty cents. 
21. Tests of Welds, by W. M. Wilson. 1931. Twenty cents. 

24. Simplified Computation of Vertical Pressures in Elastic Foundations, by N. 

M. Newmark. 1935. Twenty-five cents. 

25. Papers Presented at the Twenty-second Annual Conference on Highway En- 

gineering, held at the University of Illinois, February 21 and 22, 1935. 1936. 
Fifty cents. 

27. Papers Presented at the Twenty-third Annual Conference on Highway En- 
gineering, held at the University of Illinois, February 26-28, 1936. 1936. 
None available. 

30. Papers Presented at the Twenty-fourth Annual Conference on Highway En- 
gineering, held at the University of Illinois, March 3-5, 1937. 1937. None 
available. 

32. Two Investigations on Transit Instruments, by William II. Rayner. 1938. 

Free upon request. 

33. Papers Presented at the Twenty-fifth .Annual Conference on Highway Engi- 

neering, held at the University of Illinois, March 2-4, 1938. 1938. No7ie 
available. 
38. Papers Presented at the Twenty-sixth Annual Conference on Highway Engi- 
neering, held at the University of Illinois, March 1-3, 1939. 1939. Free 
upon request. 

40. German-English Glossary for Civil Engineering, by Alphonse A. Brielmaier. 

1940. Forty-jive cents. 

41. Papers Presented at the Twenty-seventh Annual Conference on Highway 

Engineering, held at the University of Illinois, March 6-8, 1940. 1940. 
Free upon request. 

42. Papers Presented at the Twenty-eighth Annual Conference on Highway En- 

gineering, held at the University of Illinois, March 5-7, 1941. 1942. Free 
upon request. 
49. The Drainage of Airports, by W. W. Horner. 1944. Fifty cents. 



10 Publications of the Engineering Experiment Station 

CIVIL ENGINEERING, Continued 

REPRINTS 

23. Numerical Procedure for Computing Deflections, Moments, and Buckling 

Loads, by N. M. Newmark. 1942. None available. 
34. Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Methods of Roadbed Stabilization, 

by R. B. Peck. 1946. Free upon request. 
38. Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Methods of Roadbed Stabilization, 

by R. Smith, 5. B. Peck, and T. H. Thornburn. 1947. Free upon request. 

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING 

BULLETINS 

19. Comparative Tests of Carbon, Metallized Carbon, and Tantalum Filament 

Lamps, by T. H. Amrine. 1907. None available. 
25. Lighting Country Homes by Private Electric Plants, by T. H. Amrine. 1908. 

Twenty cents. 
33. Tests of Tungsten Lamps, by T. H. Amrine and A. Guell. 1909. Twenty cents. 
51. Street Lighting, by J. M. Bryant and H. G. Hake. 1911. Thirty-five cents. 

53. Inductance of Coils, by M. Brooks and H. AI. Turner. 1912. Forty cents. 

54. Mechanical Stresses in Transmission Lines, by A. Guell. 1912. Tiventy cents. 

55. Starting Currents of Transformers, with Specjal Reference to Transformers 

with Silicon Steel Cores, by T. D. Yensen. 1912. Twenty cents. 
61. Characteristics and Limitations of the Series Transformer, by A. R. Ander- 
son and H. R. Woodrow. 1912. Twenty-five cents. 
72. Magnetic and Other Properties of Electrolytic Iron Melted in Vacuo, by 

T. D. Yensen. 1914. Forty cents. 
77. The Effect of Boron upon the Magnetic and Other Properties of Electrolytic 

Iron Melted in Vacuo, by T. D. Yensen. 1915. Ten cents. 
83. Magnetic and Other Properties of Iron-Silicon Alloys Melted in Vacuo, by 

T. D. Yensen. 1915. Thirty-five cents. 
95. Magnetic and Other Properties of Iron-Aluminum Alloys Melted in Vacuo, 

by T. D. Yensen and W. A. Gatward. 1917. Seventy cents. 
138. Alkali-Vapor Detector Tubes, by H. A. Brown and C. T. Knipp. 1923. Twenty 

cents. 
145. Non-Carrier Radio Telephone Transmission, by H. A. Brown and C. A. 

Keener. 1924. Fifteen cents. 

147. Investigation of Antennae by Means of Models, by J. T. Tykociner. 1925. 

Thirty-five cents. 

148. Radio Telephone Modulation, by H. A. Brown and C. A. Keener. 1925. 

Thirty cents. 
153. The Effect of Temperature on the Registration of Single Phase Induction 

Watthour Meters, by A. R. Knight and M. A. Faucett. 1926. Fifteen cents. 
161. Short Wave Transmitters and Methods of Tuning, by J. T. Tykociner. 1927. 

Thirty-five cents. 
194. Tuning of Oscillating Circuits by Plate Current Variations, by J. T. Tykociner 

and R. W. Armstrong. 1929. Thirty cents. 

259. Oscillations Due to Ionization in Dielactrics and Methods of Their Detec- 

tion and Measurement, by J. T. Tykociner, H, A. Brown, and E. B. Paine. 
1933. Free upon request. 

260. Investigation of Cable Ionization Characteristics with Discharge Detection 

Bridge, by H. A. Brown, J. T, Tykociner, and E. B. Paine. 1933. Fifty cents. 
278. Oscillations Due to Corona Discharges on Wires Subjected to Alternating 
Potentials, by J. T. Tykociner, R. E. Tarpley, and E. B. Paine. 1935. Sixty 
cents. 



1 



Publications of the Engineering Experiment Station 1 1 

ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING, Continued 

291. Flexural Vibrations of Piezoelectric Quartz Bars and Plates, by J. T. Tyko- 
ciner and M. W. Woodruff. 1937. Forty cents. 

299. Solution of Electrical Networks by Successive Approximations, byL. L.Smith. 
1937. Free upon request. 

325. Photoelectric Sensitization of Alkali Surfaces by Means of Electric Dis- 
charges in Water Vapor, by J. T. Tykociner, Jakob Kunz, and L. P. Gamer. 
1940. Free upon request. 

339. Properties and Applications of Phase-Shifted Rectified Sine Waves, by J. T. 
Tykociner and L. R. Bloom. 1942. Si.rty cents. 

CIRCULARS 

28. An Investigation of Student Study Lighting, by J. O. Kraehenbuehl. 1937. 

Forty cents. 

29. Problems in Building Illumination, by J. O. Kraehenbuehl. 1937. Thirty-five 

cents. 
48. Magnetron Oscillator for Instruction and Research in Microwave Techniques, 
by J. T. Tykociner and L. R. Bloom. 1944. Forty cents. 



ENGINEERING PHYSICS 

BULLETINS 

5. Resistance of Tubes to Collapse, by A. P. Carman and M. L. Carr. 1906. 
None a^tailabte. 
47. Magnetic Properties of Heusler Alloys, by E. B. Stephenson. 1910. Twenty- 
five cents. 
62. The Electron Theory of Magnetism, by E. H. Williams. 1912. Thirty-five 

cents. 
7i. Acoustics of Auditoriums, by F. R. Watson. 1914. Tzventy cents. 
87. Correction of Echoes and Reverberation in the Auditorium, University of 

Illinois, by F. R. Watson and J. M. White. 1916. Fifteen cents. 
99. The Collapse of Short Thin Tubes, by A. P. Carman. 1917. Tzventy cents. 
114. Corona Discharge, by E. H. Warner with Jakob Kunz. 1919. Seventy- five 

cents. 
122. The Thermal Conductivity and Diffusivity of Concrete, by A. P. Carman 

and R. A. Nelson. 1921. Twenty cents. 
127. Sound-Proof Partitions, by F. R. Watson. 1922. Forty-five cents. 
\72. The Absorption of Sound by Materials, by F. R. Watson. 1927. None 

available. 
173. Surface Tension of Molten Metals, by E. E. Libman. 1927. Thirty cents. 
187. The Surface Tension of Molten Metals, by E. E. Libman. 1928. Fifteen cents. 



MECHANICAL ENGINEERING 

BULLETINS 

2. Tests of High-Speed Tool Steels on Cast Iron, by L. P. Breckenridge and 

H. B. Dirks. 1905. None available. 

3. The Engineering Experiment Station of the University of Illinois, by L. P. 

Breckenridge. 1906. None available. 



12 PublicaUons of ihe Engineering Experimenf Siation 

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, Continued 

7. Fuel Tests with Illinois Coals, by L. P. Breckenridge, S. W. Parr, and 

H. B. Dirks. 1906. None available. 
9. An Extension of the Dewey Decimal System of Classification Applied to the 

Engineering Industries, by L. P. Breckenridge and G. A. Goodenough. 1906. 

Revised Edition, 1912. Fifty cents. 
15. How to Burn Illinois Coal without Smoke, by L. P. Breckenridge. 1907. 

None available. 
18. The Strength of Chain Links, by G. A. Goodenough and L. E. Moore, 1907. 

None available. 
21. Tests of a Liquid Air Plant, by C. S, Hudson and C. M. Garland. 1908. 

Fifteen cents. 

30. On the Rate of Formation of Carbon Monoxide in Gas Producers, by J. K. 

Clement, L. H. Adams, and C. N. Haskins. 1909. Twenty-five cents. 

31. Fuel Tests with House-Heating Boilers, by J. M. Snodgrass. 1909. Fifty- 

five cents. 
34. Tests of Two Types of Tile-Roof Furnaces under a Water-Tube Boiler, by 

J. M. Snodgrass. 1909. Fifteen cents. 
36. The Thermal Conductivity of Fire-Clay at High Temperatures, by J. K. 

Clement and W. L. Egy. 1909. Twenty cents. 
40. A Study in Heat Transmission, by J. K. Clement and C. M. Garland. 1909. 

None available. 
50. Tests of a Suction Gas Producer, by C. M. Garland and A. P. Kratz. 1911. 

Fifty cents. 
58. A New Analysis of the Cylinder Performance of Reciprocating Engines, by 

J. P. Clayton. 1912. Si.rty cents. 
63. Entropy-Temperature and Transmission Diagrams for Air, by C. R. Rich- 
ards. 1913. None available. 

65. The Steam Consumption of Locomotive Engines from the Indicator Diagrams, 

by J. P. Clayton. 1913. Forty cents. 

66. The Properties of Saturated and Superheated Ammonia Vapor, by G. A. Good- 

enough and W. E. Mosher. 1913. None available. 
75. Thermal Properties of Steam, by G. A. Goodenough. 1914. Thirty-five cents. 
78. A Study of Boiler Losses, by A. P. Kratz. 1915. Thirty-five cents. 

102. A Study of the Heat Transmission of Building Materials, by A. C. Willard 

and L. C. Lichty. 1917. Twenty-five cents. 

103. An Investigation of Twist Drills, by B. W. Benedict and W. P. Lukehs. 1917. 

Si.rty cents. 
112. Report of Progress in Warm-Air Furnace Research, by A. C. Willard. 1919. 

None available. 
*117. Emissivity of Heat from Various Surfaces, by V. S. Day. 1920. None 

available. 
*120. Investigation of Warm-Air Furnaces and Heating Systems, by A, C. Willard, 

A. P. Kratz, and V. S. Day. 1921. None available. 

130. The Reheating of Compressed Air, by C. R. Richards and J. N. Vedder. 1922. 

Fifty cents. 

131. A Study of Air-Steam Mixtures, by L. A. Wilson with C. R. Richards. 1922. 

Seventy-five cents. 
133. A Study of Explosions of Gaseous Mixtures, by A. P. Kratz and C. Z. Rose- 
crans. 1922. Fifty- five cents. 

♦Some of the material of these bulletins is included in "Gravity Warm-Air Heating," a 
digest of the Warm-Air Furnace Research, published by the National Warm-Air Heating and 
Air Conditioning Association, Columbus, O. Price $2.00. 



Publications of the Engineering Experiment Station 1 3 

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, Continued 

139. An Investigation of the Maximnm Temperatures and Pressures Attainable 

in the Combustion of Gaseous and Liquid Fuels, bj' G. A. Goodenough 

and G. T. Felbeck. 1924. None availahlc. 
*141. Investigation of Warm-Air Furnaces and Heating Systems, Part II, by 

A. C. Willard, A. P. Kratz, and V. S. Day. 1924. None available. 
146. The Total and Partial Vapor Pressures of Aqueous Ammonia Solutions, by 

T. A. Wilson. 1925. Ttventy-five cents. 

149. An Investigation of the Efficiency and Durability of Spur Gears, by C. W. 

Ham and J. W. Huckert. 1925. Fifty cents. 

150. A Thermodynamic Analysis of Gas Engine Tests, by C. Z, Rosecrans and 

G. T. Felbeck. 1925. Fifty cents. 
157. An Investigation of the Mechanism of Explosive Reactions, by C. Z. Rose- 
crans. 1926. Thirty-five cents. 

159. An Investigation of Twist Drills, Part II, by B. W. Benedict and A. E. 

Hershey. 1926. Forty cents. 

160. A Thermodynamic Analysis of Internal-Combustion Engine Cycles, by G. 

A. Goodenough and J. B. Baker. 1927. None available. 

168. Heat Transmission through Boiler Tubes, by H. O. Croft. 1927. Thirty cents. 

169. Effect of Enclosures on Direct Steam Radiator Performance, by M. K. Fahne- 

stock. 1927. Twenty cents. 

171. Heat Transfer in Ammonia Condensers, by A. P. Kratz, H. J. Macintire, and 
R. E. Gould. 1927. Thirty-five cents. 

182. Flow of Brine in Pipes, by R. E. Gould and M. I. Levy. 1928. Fifteen cents. 

186. Heat Transfer in Ammonia Condensers, Part II, by A. P. Kratz, H. J. Mac- 
intire, and R. E. Gould. 1928. Tzventy cents. 

188. Investigation of Warm-Air Furnaces and Heating Systems, Part III, by 

A. C. Willard, A. P. Kratz, and V. S. Day. 1929. Forty-five cents. 

189. Investigation of Warm-Air Furnaces and Heating Systems, Part IV, by 

A. C. Willard, A. P. Kratz, and V. S. Day. 1929. None available. 
192. Investigation of Heating Rooms with Direct Steam Radiators Equipped with 

Enclosures and Shields, by A. C. Willard, A. P. Kratz, M. K. Fahnestock, 

and S. Konzo. 1929. None available. 
200. Investigation of Endurance of Bond Strength of Various Clays in Molding 

Sand, by C. H. Casberg and W. H. Spencer. 1929. Fifteen cents. 
207. The Flow of Air through Circular Orifices with Rounded Approach, by J. 

A. Poison, J. G. Lowther, and B. J. Wilson. 1930. Thirty cents. 
209. Heat Transfer in Ammonia Condensers, Part III, by A. P. Kratz, H. J. Mac- 
intire, and R. E. Gould. 1930. Thirty-five cents. 
213. Combustion Tests with Illinois Coals, by A. P. Kratz and W. J. Woodruff. 

1930. Thirty cents. 

221. An Investigation of Core Oils, by C. H. Casberg and C. E. Schubert. 1931. 

Fifteen cents. , - 

222. Flow of Liquids in Pipes of Circular and Annular Cross-Section, by A. P. 

Kratz, H. J. Macintire, and R. E. Gould. 1931. Fifteen cents. 

223. Factors Affecting the Heating of Rooms with Direct Steam Radiators, by 

A. C. Willard, A. P. Kratz, M. K. Fahnestock, and S. Konzo. 1931. Fifty- 
five cents. 

230. Humidification for Residences, by A. P. Kratz. 1931. None available. 

235. An Investigation of the Suitability of Soy Bean Oil for Core Oil, by C. H. 
Casberg and C. E. Schubert. 1931. Fifteen cents. 

* Some of the material of these bulletins is included in "Gravity Warm-Air Heating," a 
digest of the Warm-Air Furnace Research, published by the National Warm-Air Heating and 
Air Conditioning Association, Columbus, O. Price $2.00. 



1 4 Publicafions of fhe Engineering Experiment Sfafion 

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, Continued 

240. The Flow of Air through Circular Orifices in Thin Plates, by J. A. Poison 
and J. G. Lcnvther. 1932. Twenty-five cents. 

246. Investigation of Warm-Air Furnaces and Heating Systems, Part V, by 

A. C. Willard, A. P. Kratz, and S. Konzo. 1932. Eighty cents. 

247. An Experimental Investigation of the Friction of Screw Threads, by C. 

W. Ham and D. G. Ryan. 1932. Thirty-five cents. 

262. Flame Temperatures in an Internal Combustion Engine Measured by Spec- 
tral Line Reversal, by A. E. Hershey and R. F. Paton. 1933. Free upo)i 
request. 

266. Investigation of Warm-Air Furnaces and Heating Systems, Part VI, by 
A. P. Kratz and S. Konzo. 1934. One dollar. 

281. An Investigation of the Durability of Molding Sands, by C. H. Casberg and 
C. E. Schubert. 1936. Si.vty cents. 

288. An Investigation of Relative Stresses in Solid Spur Gears by the Photo- 
Elastic Method, by P. H. Black. 1936. Forty cents. 

290. Investigation of Summer Cooling in the Warm-Air Heating Research Resi- 
dence, by A. P. Kratz, M. K. Fahnestock, and S. Konzo. 1937. One dollar. 

300. Pressure Losses Resulting from Changes in Cross-Sectional Area in Air 
Ducts, by A. P. Kratz and J. R. Fellows. 1938. Free upon request. 

305. Summer Cooling in the Warm-Air Heating Research Residence with Cold 
Water, by A. P. Kratz, S. Konzo, M. K. Fahnestock, and E. L. Broderick. 
1938. Free upon request. 

318. Investigation of Oil-Fired Forced-Air Furnace Systems in the Research Resi- 
dence, by A. P. Kratz and S. Konzo. 1940. Free upon request. 

321. Summer Cooling in the Research Residence with a Condensing Unit Oper- 
ated at Two Capacities, by A. P. Kratz, S. Konzo, M. K. Fahnestock, and 
E. L. Broderick. 1940. Free upon request. 

342. Pressure Losses in Registers and Stackheads in Forced Warm-Air Heating, 
by A. P. Kratz and S. Konzo. 1942. Sixty-five cents. 

348. Fuel Savings Resijlting from Closing of Rooms and from Use of a Fireplace, 

by S. Konzo and W. S. Harris. 1943. Forty cents. 

349. Performance of a Hot-Water Heating System in the I = B = R Research 

Home at the University of Illinois, by A. P. Kratz, W. S. Harris, 
M. K. Fahnestock, and R. J. Martin. 1944. Seventy-five cents. 
351. Temperature Drop in Ducts for Forced-Air Heating Systems, by A. P. Kratz, 
S. Konzo, and R. B. Engdahl. 1944. Sixty-five cents. 

355. Fuel Savings Resulting from Use of Insulation and Storm Windows, by 

A. P. Kratz and S. Konzo. 1944. Forty cents. 

356. Heat Emission and Friction Heads of Hot-Water Radiators and Convectors, 

by F. E. Giesecke and A. P. Kratz. 1945. Fifty cents. 

357. The Bonding Action of Clays; Part I, Clays in Green Molding Sand, by 

R. E. Grim and F. L. Cuthbert. 1945. Free upon request. 

358. A Study of Radiant Baseboard Heating in the I = B = R Research Home, by 

A. P. Kratz and W. S. Harris. 1945. Thirty-five cents. 
362. The Bonding Action of Clays; Part II, Clays in Dry Molding Sands, by 

R. E. Grim and F. L. Cuthbert. 1946. Free upon request. 
366. Performance of an Indirect Storage Type Hot- Water Heater, by A. P. Kratz 

and W. S. Harris. February, 1947. Free upon request. 
370. The Illinois Smokeless Furnace, by J. R. Fellows, A. P. Kratz, and S. Konzo. 

Scheduled for publication in June, 1947. Free upon request. 



Publicafions of fhe Engineering Experiment Sfafion 1 5 

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, Continued 
CIRCULARS 

1. High-Speed Tool Steels, by L. P. Breckenridge. 1905. None available. 

3. Fuel Tests with Illinois Coal (Compiled from tests made by the Technologi- 

cal Branch of the U.S.G.S., at the St. Louis, Mo., Fuel Testing Plant, 1904- 
1907), by L. P. Breckenridge and P. Diserens. 1908. Thirty cents. 

4. The Economical Purchase and Use of Coal for Heating Homes, with Special 

Reference to Conditions in Illinois. 1917. No)ie az-ailable. 
7. Fuel Economy in the Operation of Hand Fired Power Plants. 1918. Free 

upon request. 
9. The Functions of the Engineering Experiment Station of the University of 
Illinois, by C. R. Richards. 1921. Free upon request. 
*1S. The Warm-Air Heating Research Residence in Zero Weather, by V. S. Day. 
1927. None available. 
16. A Simple Method of Determining Stress in Curved Flexural Members, by 

B. J. Wilson and J. F. Quereau. 1927. Fifteen cents. 
26. Papers Presented at the First Conference on Air Conditioning, held at the 

University of Illinois, May 4 and S, 1936. 1936. None available. 
37. Papers Presented at the Second Conference on Air Conditioning, held at the 
University of Illinois, March 8 and 9, 1939. 1939. Free upon request. 

44. Combustion Efficiencies as Related to Performance of Domestic Heating 

Plants, by A. P. Kratz, S. Konzo, and D. W. Thomson. 1942. Forty cents. 

45. Simplified Procedure for Selecting Capacities of Duct Systems for Gravity 

Warm-Air Heating Plants, by A. P. Kratz and S. Konzo. 1942. Fifty-five 
cents. 

46. Hand-Firing of Bituminous Coal in the Home, by A. P. Kratz, J. R. Fellows, 

and J. C. Miles. 1942. Free upon request. 

47. Save Fuel for Victory. 1942. Free upon request. 

51. Rating Equations for Hand-Fired Warm-Air Furyaces, by A. P. Kratz, 
S. Konzo, and J. A. Henry. 1945. Sixty cents. 

REPRINTS 

1. Steam Condensation an Inverse Index of Heating Effect, by A. P. Kratz and 
M. K. Fahnestock. 1931. Free upon request. 

5. Essentials of Air Conditioning, by M. K. Fahnestock. 1935. None available. 
10. Heat Transfer in Evaporation and Condensation, by Ma.x Jakob. 1937. 

Thirty-five cents. 



MINING AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING 

BULLETINS 

Coal Washing in Illinois, by F. C. Lincoln. 1913. Fifty cents. 

Dry Preparation of Bituminous Coal at Illinois Mines, by E. A. Holbrook. 

1916. Seventy cents. 
Specific Gravity Studies of Illinois Coal, by M. L. Nebel. 1916. Thirty cents. 
91. Subsidence Resulting from Mining, by L. E. Young and H. H. Stock. 1916. 

None available. 
100. Percentage of Extraction of Bituminous Coal with Special Reference to 
Illinois Conditions, by C. M, Young. 1917. Ninety cents. 

*Some of the material of these buUetias is included in "Gravity Warm-Air Heating," a 
digest of the Warm-Air Furnace Research, published by the National Warm-Air Heating and 
Air Conditioning Association, Columbus, O. Price $2.00. 



1 6 Publicafions of the Engineering Experiment Stafion 

MINING AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING, Continued 

113. Panel System of Coal Mining; A Graphical Study of Percentage of Extrac- 
tion, by C. M. Young. 1919. Forty cents. 
116. Bituminous Coal Storage Practice, by H. H. Stoek, C. W. Hippard, and 

W. D. Langtry. 1920. None available. 
119. Some Conditions Affecting the Usefulness of Iron Oxide for City Gas 

Purification, by W. A. Dunkley. 1921. Thirty-five cents. 
125. The Distribution of the Forms of Sulphur in the Coal Bed, by H. F. Yancey 

and T. Fraser. 1921. Fifty cents. 
128. The Ignition Temperature of Coal, by R. W. Arms. 1922. Thirty-five cents. 
132. A Study of Coal Mine Haulage in Illinois, by H. H. Stoek, J. R. Fleming, 

and A. J. Hoskin. 1922. Seventy cents. 
144. Power Studies in Illinois Coal Mining, by A. J. Hoskin and T. Fraser. 1924. 

Forty-five cents. 
151. A Study of Skip Hoisting at Illinois Coal Alines, by A. J. Hoskin. 1925. 

Thirty-five cents. 
158. The Measurement of Air Quantities and Energy Losses in Mine Entries, ,by 

A. C. Callen and C. M. Smith. 1926. Forty-five cents. 
170. The Measurement of Air Quantities and- Energy Losses in Mine Entries, 

Part II, by A. C. Callen and C. M. Smith. 1927. Forty-five cents. 
184. The Measurement of Air Quantities and Energy Losses in Mine Entries, 

Part III, by A. C. Callen and C. M. Smith. 1928. Thirty-five cents. 
196. An Investigation of the Friability of Different Coals, by C. M. Smith. 1929. 

Thirty cents. 
199. The Measurement of Air Quantities and Energy Losses in Mine Entries, 

Part IV, by C. M. Smith. 1929. Thirty cents. 

217. Washability Tests of Illinois Coals, by A. C. Callen and D. R. Mitchell. 1930. 

Sixty cents. 

218. The Friability of Illinois Coals, by C. M. Smith. 1930. Fifteen cents. 

231. Accidents from HMnd and Mechanical Loading in Some Illinois Coal Mines, 

by A. C. Callen and C. M. Smi^th. 1931. Twenty-five cents. 
249. The Effects on Mine Ventilation of Shaft-Bottom Vanes and Improvements in 

Air Courses, by C. M. Smith. 1932. Twenty-five cents. 
258. The Possible Production of Low Ash and Sulphur Coal in Illinois as Shown 

by Float-and-Sink Tests, by D. R. Mitchell. 1933. Free upon request. 
265. Application of Model Tests to the Determination of Losses Resulting from 

the Transmission of Air Around a Mine Shaft-Bottom Bend, by C. M. 

Smith. 1934. Free upon request. 
279. The Resistance of Mine Timbers to the Flow of Air, as Determined by 

Models, by C. M.' Smith. 1935. Si.vty-five cents. 
285. Possible Recovery of Coal from Waste at Illinois Mines, by C. M. Smith 

and D. R. Mitchell. 1936. Fifty cents. 
297. Ventilation Characteristics of Some Illinois Mines, by C. M. Smith. 1937. 

Seventy cents. 
320. The Hardenability of Carburizing Steels, by W. H. Bruckner. 1940. Seventy 

cents. 
359. Grain Sizes Produced by Recrystallization and Coalescence in Cold-Rolled 

Cartridge Brass, by H. L. Walker. 1945. Free upon request. 

CIRCULARS 

5. The Utilization of Pyrite Occurring in Illinois Bituminous Coal, by E. A. 

Holbrook. 1917. Twenty cents. 

6. The Storage of Bituminous Coal, by H. H. Stoek. 1918. Forty cents. 

31. Papers Presented at the Short Course in Coal Utilization, held at the Uni- 
versity of Illinois, May 25-27, 1937. 1938. None available. 



Publicafions of the Engineering Experimenf Station 17 

MINING AND METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING, Continued 

39. Papers Presented at the Fifth Short Course in Coal UtiHzation, held at the 
University of Illinois, Alay 23-25, 1939. 1939. Free upon request. 

43. Papers Presented at the Sixth Short Course in Coal Utilization, held at the 
University of Illinois, May 21-23, 1941. 1942. Free upon request. 

REPRINTS 

7. Papers Presented at the Second Annual Short Course in Coal Utilization, 
held at the University of Illinois, June 11-13, 193S. 1936. None available. 
31. Principles of Heat Treating Steel, by H. L. Walker. 1944. Fifteen cents. 



RAILWAY ENGINEERING 

BULLETINS 

11. The Effect of Scale on the Transmission of Heat through Locomotive Boiler 

Tubes, by E. C. Schmidt and J. M. Snodgrass. 1907. None available. 
26. High Steam Pressure in Locomotive Service. A Review of a Report to the 

Carnegie Institution of Washington, by W. F. M. Goss. 1908. Tzventy-five 

cents. 
43. Freight Train Resistance, by E. C. Schmidt. 1910. Reprinted in condensed 

form, 1934. Ninety cents. 
57. Superheated Steam in Locomotive Service. A Review of Publication No. 127 

of the Carnegie Institution of Washington, by W. F. M. Goss. 1912. Forty 

cents. 
59. The Effect of Cold Weather upon Train Resistance and Tonnage Rating, by 

E. C. Schmidt and F. W. Marquis. 1912. Twenty cents. 
74. The Tractive Resistance of a 28-Ton Electric Car, by H. H. Dunn. 1914. 

Twenty-five cents. 
82. Laboratory Tests of a Consolidation Locomotive, by E. C. Schmidt, J. M. 

Snodgrass, and R. B. Keller. 1915. Sixty-five cents. 
90. Some Graphical Solutions of Electric Railway Problems, by A. M. Buck. 

1916. Tzventy cents. 
92. The Tractive Resistance on Curves of a 28-Ton Electric Car, by E. C. 

Schmidt and H. H. Dunn. 1916. Twenty-five cents. 
101. Comparative Tests of Six Sizes of Illinois Coal on a Mikado Locomotive, 

by E. C. Schmidt, J. M. Snodgrass, and O. S. Beyer, Jr. 1917. Fifty cents. 
110. Passenger Train Resistance, by E. C. Schmidt and H. H. Dunn. 1918. None 

available. 
129. An Investigation of the Properties of Chilled Iron Car Wheels, Part I, 

Wheel Fit and Static Load Strains, by J. M. Snodgrass and F. H. Guldner. 

1922. Fifty-five cents. 

134. An Investigation of the Properties of Chilled Iron Car Wheels, Part II, 

Wheel Fit, Static Load, and Flange Pressure Strains; Ultimate Strength 
of Flange, by J. M. Snodgrass and F. H. Guldner. 1922. Forty cents. 

135. An Investigation of the Properties of Chilled Iron Car Wheels, Part III, 

Strains Due to Brake Application; Coefficient of Friction and Brake-Shoe 
Wear, by J. M. Snodgrass and F. H. Guldner. 1923. Fifty cents. 

167. Freight Train Curve Resistance on a One-Degree Curve and a Three-Degree 
Curve, by E. C. Schmidt. 1927. Tzventy-five cents. 

220. Tests of a Mikado-Type Lcfcomotive Equipped with Nicholson Thermic 
Syphons, by E. C. Schmidt, E. G. Young, and H. J. Schrader. 1930. Fifty- 
five cents. 

250. A Test of the Durability of Signal-Relay Contacts, by E. E. King. 1932. 
Ten cents. 



1 8 Publications of fhe Engineering Experiment Station 

RAILWAY ENGINEERING, Continued 

256. A Study of the Locomotive Front End, Including Tests of a Front-End 

Model, by E. G. Young. 1933. One dollar. 

257. The Friction of Railway Brake Shoes, Its Variation with Speed, Shoe Pres- 

sure, and Wheel Material, by E. C. Schmidt and H. J. Schrader. 1933. 

One dollar. 
274. A Supplementary Study of the Locomotive Front End by Means of Tests 

on a Front-End Model, by E. G. Young. 1935. Fifty cents. 
298. Resistance to Heat Checking of Chilled Iron Car Wheels and Strains 

Developed under Long-Continued Application of Brake Shoes, by E. C. 

Schmidt and H. J. Schrader. 1937. Fifty-five cents. 
301. The Friction of Railway Brake Shoes at High Speed and High Pressure, by 

H. J. Schrader. 1938. Free upon request. 

CIRCULAR 

8. The Economical Use of Coal in Railway Locomotives. 1918. None available. 



THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS 

AND ENGINEERING MATERIALS 

BULLETINS 

1. Tests of Reinforced Concrete Beams, by A. N. Talbot. 1904. None available. 
4. Tests of Reinforced Concrete Beams, Scries of 1905, by A. N. Talbot. 1906. 

None available. 
8. Tests of Concrete: I, Shear; II, Bond, by A, N. Talbot. 1906. None available. 
10. Tests of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Columns, Series of 1906, by A. N. 

Talbot. 1907. None available. 
12. Tests of Reinforced Concrete T-Beams, Series of 1906, by A. N. Talbot. 

1907. None available. 

14. Tests of Reinforced Concrete Beams, Series of 1906, by A. N. Talbot. 1907. 

None available. 
20. Tests of Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Columns, Series of 1907, by A. N. 

Talbot. 1907. None available. 
22. Tests of Cast-iron and Reinforced Concrete Culvert Pipe, by A. N. Talbot. 

1908. Reprinted, 1926. Thirty-five cents. 

27. Tests of Brick Columns and Terra Cotta Block Columns, by A. N. Talbot and 

D. A. Abrams, 1908. Tzventy-five cents. 

28. A Test of Three Large Reinforced Concrete Beams, by A. N. Talbot. 1908. 

None available. 

29. Tests of Reinforced Concrete Beams: Resistance to Web Stresses, Series of 

1907 and 1908, by A. N. Talbot. 1909. None available. 

41. Tests of Timber Beams, by A. N. Talbot. 1909. None available. 

42. The Elifect of Keyways on the Strength of Shafts, by H. F. Moore. 1909. 

Ten cents. 

44. An Investigation of Built-up Columns under Load, by A. N. Talbot and 

H. F. Moore. 1910. Thirty-five cents. 

45. The Strength of Oxyacetylene Welds in Steel, by H, L. Whittemore. 1910. 

Thirty-five cents. 

48. Resistance to Flow through Locomotive Water Columns, by A. N. Talbot and 

M. L. Enger. 1911. Forty cents. 

49. Tests of Nickel-Steel Riveted Joints, by A. N. Talbot and H. F. Moore. 1911. 

Thirty cents. 



Publications of the Engineering Experiment Station 1 9 

THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS, Continued 

52. An Investigation of the Strength of Rolled Zinc, by H. F. Moore. 1911. 
Fifteen cents. 

56. Tests of Columns: An Investigation of the Value of Concrete as Reinforce- 
ment for Structural Steel Columns, by A. N. Talbot and A. R. Lord. 1912. 
Twenty-five cents. 

64. Tests of Reinforced Concrete Buildings under Load, by A. N. Talbot and 
W. A. Slater. 1913. None available. 

67. Reinforced Concrete Wall Footings and Column Footings, by A. N. Talbot. 

1913. Reprinted, 1925. Sixty-five cents. 

68. The Strength of I-Beams in Flexure, by H. F. Moore. 1913. Twenty cents. 
71. Tests of Bond between Concrete and Steel, by D. A. Abrams. 1913. None 

available. 

84. Tests of Reinforced Concrete Flat Slab Structures, by A. N. Talbot and 

W. A. Slater. 1916. None available. 

85. The Strength and Stiffness of Steel under Biaxial Loading, by A. J. Becker. 

1916. Thirty-five cents. 

86. The Strength of Webs of I-Beams and Girders, by H. F. Moore and W. 

M. Wilson. 1916. None available. 
96. The Effect of Mouthpieces on the Flow of Water through a Submerged 

Short Pipe, by F. B. Seely. 1917. Twenty-five cents. 
98. Tests of Oxyacetylene Welded Joints in Steel Plates, by H. F. Moore. 1917. 

Ten cents. 

105. Hydraulic Experiments with Valves, Orifices, Hose, Nozzles, and Orifice 

Buckets, by A. N. Talbot, F. B. Seely, V. R. Fleming, and M. L. Enger. 
1918. None available. 

106. Test of a Flat Slab Floor of the Western Newspaper Union Building, by 

A. N. Talbot and H. F. Gonnerman. 1918. Twenty cents. 

107. Analysis and Tests of Rigidly Connected Reinforced Concrete Frames, by 

Mikishi Abe. 1918. None available. 
lis. The Relation between the Elastic Strengths of Steel in Tension, Compression, 
and Shear, by F. B. Seely and W. J. Putnam, 1919. None available. 

123. Studies on Cooling of Fresh Concrete in Freezing Weather, by Tokujiro 

Yoshida. 1921. Thirty cents. 

124. An Investigation of the Fatigue of Metals, by H. F. Moore and J. B. 

Kommers. 1921. Ninety-five cents. 
126. A Study of the Effect of Moisture Content upon the Expansion and Con- 
traction of Plain and Reinforced Concrete, by T. Matsumoto. 1921. Twenty 
cents. 

136. An Investigation of the Fatigue of Metals, Series of 1922, by H. F. Moore 

and T. M. Jasper. 1923, Fifty cents. 

137. The Strength of Concrete: Its Relation to the Cement, Aggregates, and 

Water, by A. N. Talbot and F. E. Richart. 1923. None available. 
142. An Investigation of the Fatigue of Metals, Series of 1923, by H. F. Moore 

and T. M. Jasper. 1924. Forty-five cents. 
152, An Investigation of the Fatigue of Metals, Series of 1925, by H. F. Moore 

and T. M. Jasper. 1925. None available. 
156. Tests of the Fatigue Strength of Cast Steel, by H. F. Moore. 1926. None 

available. 

164. Tests of the Fatigue Strength of Cast Iron, by H. F. Moore, S. W. Lyon, 

and N. P. Inglis. 1927. None available. 

165. A Study of Fatigue Cracks in Car Axles, by H. F. Moore. 1927. Fifteen cents. 

166. An Investigation of Web Stresses in Reinforced Concrete Beams, by F. E. 

Richart. 1927. None available. 



20 Publicafions of the Engineering Experiment Station 

THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS, Continued 

175. An Investigation of Web Stresses in Reinforced Concrete Beams, Part II, 

Restrained Beams, by F. E. Richart and L. J. Larson. 1928. Forty-five 
cents. 

176. A Metallographic Study of the Path of Fatigue Failure in Copper, by 

H. F. Moore and F. C. Howard. 1928. Twenty cents. 
183. Tests of the Fatigue Strength of Steam Turbine Blade Shapes, by H. F. 

Moore, S. W. Lyon, and N. J. AUeman. 1928. Twenty-five cents. 
185. A Study of the Failure of Concrete under Combined Compressive Stresses, 

by F. E. Richart, A. Brandtzaeg, and R. L. Brown. 1928. Fifty-five cents. 
190. The Faikire of Plain and Spirally Reinforced Concrete in Compression, by 

F. E. Richart, A. Brandtzaeg, and R. L. Brown. 1929. Forty cents. 
195. The Plaster-Model Method of Determining Stresses Applied to Curved 

Beams, by F. B. Seely and R. V. James. 1929. None available. 
197. A Study of Fatigue Cracks in Car Axles, Part II, by H. F. Moore, S. W. 

Lyon, and N. J. Alleman. 1929. Twenty cents. 
205. A Study of the Ikeda (Electrical Resistance) Short-Time Test for Fatigu? 

Strength of Metals, by H. F. Moore and S. Konzo. 1930. Tiventy cents. 
208. Study of Slip Lines, Strain Lines, and Cracks in Metals under Repeated 

Stress, by H. F. Moore and T. Ver. 1930. Thirty-five cents. 

211. The Torsional Effect of Transverse Bending Loads on Channel Beams, by 

F. B. Seely, W. J. Putnam, and W. L. Schwalbe. 1930. Thirty-five cents. 

212. Stresses Due to the Pressure of One Elastic Solid upon Another, by H. R. 

Thomas and V. A. Hoersch. 1930. None available. 
237. Tests of Plain and Reinforced Concrete Made with Haydite Aggregates, by 
F. E. Richart and V. P. Jensen. 1931. Forty-five cents. 

243. The Creep of Lead and Lead Alloys Used for Cable Sheathing, by H, F. Moore 

and N. J. Alleman. 1932. Fifteen cents. 

244. A Study of Stresses in Car Axles under Service Conditions, by H. F. Moore, 

N. H. Roy, and B. B. Betty. 1932. Forty cents. 

245. Determination of Stress Concentration in Screw Threads by the Photo-Elastic 

Method, by S. G. Hall. 1932. Ten cents. 

251. Strength and Stability of Concrete Masonry Walls, by F. E. Richart and 
R. B. B. Moorman. 1932. Twenty cents. 

264. The Strength of Screw Threads under Repeated Tension, by H. F. Moore 
and P. E. Kenwood. 1934. Twenty-five cents. 

267. An Investigation of Reinforced Concrete Columns, by F. E. Richart and 
R. L. Brown. 1934. One dollar. 

272. The Creep and Fracture of Lead and Lead Alloys, by H. F. Moore, B. B. Betty, 
and C, W. Dollins. 1935. Fifty cents. 

27i>. Stress Concentration at Fillets, Holes, and Keyways as Found by the Plaster- 
Model Method, by F. B. Seely and T. J. Dolan. 1935. Forty cents. 

277. The Strength of Monolithic Concrete Walls, by F. E. Richart and N. M. New- 
mark. 1935. Forty cents. 

289. The Use of an Elbow in a Pipe Line for Determining the Rate of Flow in 
the Pipe, by W. M. Lansford. 1936. Forty cents. 

293. The Combined Effect of Corrosion and Stress Concentration at Holes and 

Fillets in Steel Specimens Subjected to Reversed Torsional Stresses, by 
T. J. Dolan. 1937. Fifty cents. 

294. Tests of Strength Properties of Chilled Car Wheels, by F. E. Richart, 

R. L. Brown, and P. G. Jones. 1937. Eighty-five cents. 
303. Solutions for Certain Rectangular Slabs Continuous over Flexible Supports, 

by V. P. Jensen. 1938. None available. 
306. Investigation of Creep and Fracture of Lead and Lead Alloys for Cable 

Sheathing, by H. F. Moore, B. B. Betty, and C. W, Dollins. 1938. One 

dollar. 



Publicaiions of the Engineering Experiment Station 2 1 

THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS, Continued 

307. An Investigation of Rigid Frame Bridges: Part I, Tests of Reinforced Con- 
crete Knee Frames and Bakelite Models, by F. E. Richart, T. J. Dolan, and 
T. A. Olson. 1938. Fifty cents. 

312. An Investigation of Wrought Steel Railway Car Wheels: Part I, Tests of 
Strength Properties of Wrought Steel Car Wheels, by T. J. Dolan and 
R. L. Brown. 1939. Free upon request. 

314. Tests of Reinforced Concrete Slabs Subjected to Concentrated Loads, by 

F. E. Richart and R. W. Kluge. 1939. Eighty cents. 

315. Moments in Simple Span Bridge Slabs with Stiffened Edges, by V. P. Jensen. 

1939. One dollar. 

316. The Effect of Range of Stress on the Torsional Fatigue Strength of Steel, 

by J. O. Smith. 1939. Free upon request. 
326. An Analytical and Experimental Study of the Hydraulic Ram, by W. M. Lans- 

ford and W. G. Dugan. 1941. Seventy cents. 
329. A Study of the Collapsing Pressure of Thin- Walled Cylinders, by R. G. Sturm. 

1941. Eighty cents. 
332. Analyses of Skew Slabs, by V. P. Jensen. 1941. One dollar. 

334. The Effect of Range of Stress on the Fatigue Strength of Metals, by J. O. 

Smith. 1942. Fifty-five cents. 

335. A Photoelastic Study of Stresses in Gear Tooth Fillets, by T. J. Dolan and 

E. L. Broghamer. 1942. Forty-five cents. 

340. Loss of Head in Flow of Fluids through Various Types of One-and-one- 

half-inch Valves, by W. M. Lansford. 1942. Forty cents. 

341. The Effect of Cold Drawing on the Mechanical Properties of Welded Steel 

Tubing, by W. E. Black. 1942. Forty cents. 
343. Tests of Composite Timber and Concrete Beams, by F. E. Richart and 
C. B. Williams, Jr. 1943. Seventy cents. 

345. Ultimate Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams as Related to the Plasticity 

Ratio of Concrete, by V. P. Jensen. 1943. Seventy cents. 

346. Highway Slab-Bridges with Curbs; Laboratory Tests and Proposed Design 

Method, by V. P. Jensen, R. W. Kluge, and C. B. Williams, Jr. 1943. 
Ninety cents. 

347. Fracture and Ductility of Lead and Lead Alloys for Cable Sheathing, by 

H. F. Moore and C. W. Dollins. 1943. Seventy cents. 
353. An Analysis of the Motion of a Rigid Body, by E. W. Suppiger. 1944. 
.Seventy-five cents. 

368. The Effect of Eccentric Loading, Protective Shells, Slenderness Ratios, and 

Other Variables in Reinforced Concrete Columns, by F. E. Richart, J. O. 
Drafi^n, T. A. Olson, and R. H. Heitman. 1947. (/» press.) 

369. Studies of Highway Skew Slab-Bridges Having Curbs : Part I, Results of 

Analyses, by V. P. Jensen and J. W. Allen. June, 1947. Free upon request. 

CIRCULAR 

23. Repeated Stress (Fatigue) Testing Machines Used in the Testing Labora- 
tory of the University of Illinois, by H. F. Moore and G. N. Krouse. 1934. 
Forty cents. 

REPRINTS 

4. Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad Rails, by 
H. F. Moore. 1935. None available. 

8. Second Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad 

Rails, by H. F. Moore. 1936. Fifteen cents. 

9. Correlation between Metallography and Mechanical Testing, by H. F. Moore. 

1936. Twenty cents. 



I 



2 Publicafions of the Engineering Experiment Station 

THEORETICAL AND APPLIED MECHANICS, Continued 

11. Third Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad 

Rails, by H. F. Moore. 1937. Fifteen cents. 

12. Fourth Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad 

Rails, by H. F. Moore. 1938. None available. 

13. First Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Continuous Welded Rail, 

by H. F. Moore. 1939. Free upon request. 

14. Fifth Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad 

Rails, by H. F. Moore. 1939. Fifteen cents. 

15. Stress, Strain, and Structural Damage, by H. F. Moore. 1940. None available. 

16. Sixth Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad 

Rails, by H. F. Moore. 1940. Free-upon request. 

17. Second Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Continuous Welded 

Rail, by H. F. Moore, H. R. Thomas, and R. E. Cramer. 1940. Fifteen 
cents. 

21, Seventh Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad 

Rails, by H. F. Moore. 1941. Fifteen cents. 

22. Eighth Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad 

Rails, by H. F. Moore. 1942. Fifteen cents. 

24. Ninth Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad 

Rails, by N. J. Alleman, R. E. Cramer, and R. S. Jensen. 1943. Free upon 
request. 

25. First Progress Report of the Investigation of Shelly Spots in Railroad Rails, 

by R. E. Cramer. 1943. Free upon request. 

26. First Progress Report of the Investigation of Fatigue Failures in Rail Joint 

Bars, by N. J. Alleman. 1943. Free upon request. 

27. A Brief History of Lime, Cement, Concrete, and Reinforced Concrete, by 

J. O. Draffin. 1943. Free upon request. 

28. Tenth Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Fissures in Railroad 

Rails, by R. E. Cramer and R. S. Jensen, 1944. Free upon request. 

29. Second Progress Report of the Investigation of Shelly Spots in Railroad 

Rails, by R. E. Cramer. 1944. Free upon request. 

30. Second Progress Report of the Investigation of Fatigue Failures in Rail 

Joint Bars, by N. J. Alleman. 1944. Free upon request. 

32. Progress Reports of Investigation of Railroad Rails and Joint Bars, by H. F. 

Moore, R. E. Cramer, N. J. Alleman, and R. S. Jensen. 194S. Free upon 
request. 

33. Progress Report on the Effect of the Ratio of Wheel Diameter to Wheel 

Load on Extent of Rail Damage, by N. J. Alleman. 1945. Fifteen cents. 

34. Progress Report of the Joint Investigation of Methods of Roadbed Stabiliza- 

tion, by R. B. Peck. 1946. Free upon request. 

35. Progress Reports of Investigation of Railroad Rails and Joint Bars, by R. E. 

Cramer, N. J. Alleman, and R. S. Jensen. 1946. Free upon request. 
37. Progress Reports of Investigation of Railroad Rails and Joint Bars, by R. E. 
Cramer, N. J. Alleman, and R. S. Jensen. April, 1947. Free upon request. 



NUMERICAL LIST 

The asterisk (*) indicates that the publication is not available. 

Page numbers of departmental groups of publications have been given on 



*1.— T. & A.M. 

*2.— Mech. Eng. 

*3. — Mech. Eng. 

*4.— T. & A.M. 

*S. — Eng. Phys. 

*6. — Civ. Eng. 

*7. — Mech. Eng. 

*8.— T. & A.M. 
9.— Mech. Eng. 
*10.— T.&A.M. 
*11. — Railway Eng. 
*12.— T.&A.M. 
*13. — Arch. Eng. 

* 14.— T.&A.M. 
*1S. — Mech. Eng. 

* 16.— Arch. Eng. 
*17. — Chem. Eng. 
*18.— Mech. Eng. 
*19.— Elec. Eng. 
*20.— T. & A.M. 

21. — Mech. Eng. 

22.— T. & A.M. 
*23. — Civ. Eng. 

24. — Chem. Eng. 

2S.-Elec. Eng. 

26. — Railway Eng. 

27.— T. & A.M. 
*28.— T. & A.M. 
*29.— T. & A.M. 

30. — Mech. Eng. 

31.— Mech. Eng. 

32. — Chem, Eng. 

33. — Elec. Eng. 

34.— Mech. Eng. 
*3S. — Arch. Eng. 

36. — Mech. Eng. 
*37. — Chem. Eng. 

38. — Chem. Eng. 

39. — Chem. Eng. 
*40.— Mech. Eng, 
*41.— T.&A.M. 

42.— T. & A.M. 

43. — Railway Eng. 

44.— T. & A.M. 

45.— T. & A.M. 
*46,— Chem. Eng. 

47.— Eng. Phys. 

48.-T. & A.M. 

49.— T. & A. M. 

SO. — Mech. Eng. ' 

51. — Elec. Eng. 

52.— T. & A.M. 

53, — Elec. Eng. 

54.— Elec. Eng. 

55. — Elec. Eng. 

56.— T.&A.M. 



BULLETINS 

57. — Railway Eng, 

58,— Mech. Eng. 

59, — Railway Eng. 

60. — Chem, Eng. 

61.— Elec. Ei^. 

62.— Eng. Phys. 
*63. — Mech. Eng. 
*64.— T.&A.M. 

65. — Mech. Eng. 
*66, — Mech, Eng. 

67,-T. & A.M. 

68,— T. & A.M. 

69. — Min. Eng. 

70.— Civ, Eng, 
*71.— T. & A.M. 

72.— Elec. Eng. 

73.— Eng. Phys. 

74. — Railway Eng. 

75. — Mech. Eng. 

76, — Chem. Eng. 

77, — Elec. Eng. 

78.— Mech, Eng. 

79. — Chem. Eng. 
*80.— Civ. Eng. 

81,— Civ, Eng. 

82. — Railway Eng. 

83.— Elec. Eng. 
*84.— T. & A.M. 

85,— T. & A,M, 
*86.— T. & A.M. 

87.— Eng. Phys. 

88.— Min, Eng. 
• 89.— Min, Eng. 

90. — Railway Eng. 
*91.— Min. Eng. 

92, — Railway Eng. 

93. — Chem, Eng. 

94.— Chem, Eng. 

95,— Elec. Eng. 

96.— T. & A.M. 

97. — Chem, Eng, 

98,— T. & A.M. 

99.— Eng. Phys. . 
100.— Min. Eng. 
101. — Railway Eng. 
102.— Mech. Eng. 
103.— Mech. Eng. 
* 104.— Civ, Eng, 
*105.— T.&A.M. 
106,— T. & A.M. 
*107.— T.&A.M. 
*108,— Civ. Eng. 
109.— Civ. Eng. 
*110. — Railway Eng. 

111. — Chem. Eng. 
*112,— A'lech.Eng. 



-Min, Eng. 
-Eng. Phys. 
-T, & A.M. 
-Min. Eng. 
-Mech. Eng. 
-Cer. Eng. 
-Min, Eng. 
-Mech. Eng. 
-Arch, Eng. 
-Eng. Phys. 
-T. & A.M. 
-T.&A.M. 
-Min. Eng. 
-T.&A.M. 
-Eng. Phys. 
-Min. Eng. 
-Railway Eng. 
-Mech. Eng, 
-Mech. Eng. 
-Min. Eng. 
-Mech. Eng. 
-Railway Eng. 
-Railway Eng. 
-T.&A.M. 
-T. & A.M. 
-Elec. Eng. 
-Mech. Eng. 
-Cer. Eng. 
-Mech. Eng. 
-T. & A.M. 
-Civ. Eng. 
-Min. Eng. 
-Elec. Eng, 
-Mech. Eng. 
-Elec, Eng. 
-Elec. Eng. 
-Mech. Eng. 
-Mech. Eng, 
-Min. Eng. 
-T, & A.M. 
-Elec. Eng, 
-Cer. Eng. 
-Chem. Eng. 
-T. & A.M. 
-Mech. Eng. 
-Min, Eng, 
-Mech. Eng. 
-Mech. Eng, 
-Elec. Eng. 
-Civ. Eng. 
-Cer. Eng. 
-T. & A.M. 
-T. & A.M. 
-T. & A.M. 
-Railway Eng. 
-Mech. Eng. 



23 



24 Publicafions of the Engineering Experiment Station 

BULLETINS (Continued) 

169.— Mech. Eng. *230.— Mech. Eng. 290.— Mech. Eng. 

170.— Min: Eng. 231.— Min. Eng. 291.— Elec. Eng. 

171.— Mech. Eng. 232.— Civ. Eng. 292.— Civ. Eng. 

*172.— Eng. Phys. 233.— Cer. Eng. 293.— T. & A.M. 

173.— Eng. Phys. 234.— Civ. Eng. 294.— T. & A.M. 

174.— Civ. Eng. 235.- Mech. Eng. 295.— Civ. Eng. 

175.- T. & A.M. 236.— Chem. Eng. 296.— Civ. Eng. 

176.— T.&A.M. 237.— T.&A.M. 297.— Min. Eng. 

*177.— Chem. Eng. 238.— Chem. Eng. 298.— Railway Eng. 

178.— Civ. Eng. 239.— Civ. Eng. 299.— Elec. Eng. 

179.— Cer. Eng. 240.— Mech. Eng. 300.— Mech. Eng. 

180.— Chem. Eng. 241.— Civ. Eng. 301.— Railway Eng. ■ 

*181.— Cer. Eng. 242.— Civ. Eng. . 302.— Civ. Eng. 

182.— Mech. Eng. 243.— T. & A.M. .. *303.— T. & A.M. 

183.— T.&A.M. 244.— T.&A.M. *304.— Civ. Eng. 

184.— Min. Eng. 245.— T. & A.M. 305.— Mech. Eng. 

185.— T.&A.M. 246.— Mech. Eng. 306.— T. & A.M. 

186.— Mech. Eng. 247.— Mech. Eng. 307.— T. & A.M. 

187.— Eng. Phys. 248.— Cer. Eng. 308.— Civ. Eng. 

188.— Mech. Eng. 249.— Min. Eng. 309.— Civ. Eng. 

*189.— Mech. Eng. 250.— Railway Eng. 310.— Civ. Eng. 

190.— T.&A.M. 251.- T.&A.M. 311.— Cer. Eng. 

191.— Civ. Eng. 252.— Chem. Eng. 312.— T. & A.M. 

*192.— Mech. Eng. 253.— Chem. Eng. 313.— Civ. Eng. 

193.— Cer. Eng. 254.— Chem. Eng. 314.— T. & A.M. 

194.— Elec. Eng. 255.- Civ. Eng. 315.— T. & A.M. 

*195.— T. & A.M. 256.— Railway Eng. . 316.— T. & A.M. 

196.— Min. Eng. 257.- Railway Eng. 317.— Civ. Eng. 

197.— T. & A.M. 258.— Min. Eng. 318.— Mech. Eng. 

198.— Civ. Eng. 259.— Elec. Eng. 319.— Civ. Eng. 

199.— Min. Eng. 260.— Elec. Eng. 320.— Min. & Met. Eng. 

200.— Mecli. Eng. 261.— Chem. Eng. 321.— Mech. Eng. 

201.— Cer. Eng. 262.— Mech. Eng. 322.— Civ. Eng. 

202.— Civ. Eng. 263.— Civ. Eng. 323.— Civ. Eng. 

203.— Civ. Eng. 264.— T.&A.M. 324.— Chem. Eng. 

204.— Chem. Eng. 265.— Min. Eng. 325.— Elec- Eng. 

205.— T. & A.M. 266.— Mech. Eng. 326.— T. & A.M. 

206.— Chem. Eng. 267.— T. & A.M. 327.— Civ. Eng. 

207.— Mech. Eng. 268.— Civ. Eng. 328.— Chem. Eng. 

208.— T. & A.M. 269.— Civ. Eng. 329.— T. & A.M. 

209.— Mech. Eng. 270.— Civ. Eng. 330.— Cliem. Eng. 

*210.— Civ. Eng. 271.— Cer. Eng. 331.— Civ. Eng. 

211.— T.&A.M. 272.— T.&A.M. 332.— T. & A.M. 

*212.— T. & A.M. 273.— Cer. Eng. 333.— Civ. Eng. 

213.— Mech. Eng. 274.— Railway Eng. 334.— T. & A.M. 

214.— Cer. Eng. 275.— Civ. Eng. 335.- T. & A.M. 

*215.— Civ. Eng. 276.— T.&A.M. 336.— Civ. Eng. 

2}^-~9.'^"^^^"S- 2?7.— T. & A.M. 337.— Civ. Eng. 

l]l-~¥,'"- 1"^- 278.-EIec. Eng. 338.-Civ. Eng. 

oJn~^, • S-^- 279.— Min. Eng. 339.— Elec. Eng. 

97n~R /" "# 280.-Civ. Eng. 340.-T. & A.M. 

220--R/>lwayEng. 281.-Mech. Eng. 341.-T.&A.M. 

221. — Mech. Eng. ^r,-, ^, t, '^ 1 1 ^ -vi i c- 

222— Mech Enff 282.— Chem. Eng. 342.— Mech. Lng. 

223-MechEn| 283.-Chem. Eng. 343.-T.&A.M. 

224— Cer Eng 284.— Cer. Eng. 344.— Civ. Eng. 

225:-Cer:En| 285.-Min. Eng. 345.-T.&A.M. 

226.-Civ Eng 286.-Civ. Eng. 346.-T. & A.M. 

227.— Cer. Eng. 287.— Civ. Eng. 347.— T. & A.M. 

228.— Chem. Eng. 288.— Mech. Eng. 348.— Mech. Eng. 

229.— Cer, Eng. 289.— T.&A.M. 349.— Mech. Eng. 



Publications of the Engineering Experiment Station 
BULLETINS (Concluded) 



350 


—Civ. Eng. 


357.- 


-Mech. Eng. 


364.- 


— Chem. Eng. 


351.— Mech. Eng. 


358.- 


-Mech. Eng. 


365.-Civ. Eng. - 


352.— Civ. Eng. 


359.- 


-Min. & Met. Eng. 


366.- 


-Mech. Eng. 


353.— T. & A.M. 


360,- 


-Civ. Eng. 


367.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


354.— Chem. Eng. 


361.- 


-Civ. Eng. 

—Mech. Eng. 


368.- 


-T. & A.M. 


355.— Mech. Eng. 


362.- 


369.- 


-T&A.M. 


356.— Mech. Eng. 


363.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


370.- 


-Mech. Eng, 




CIRCULARS 






*1.— Mech. Eng. 


18.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


*3S,- 


-Chem. Eng, 


*2 


-Civ. Eng. 


19.- 


-Chem. Eng. 


36.- 


-Chem. Eng. 


3 


-Mech. Eng. 


20.- 


-Chem. Eng. 


37.- 


-Mech. Eng. 


*4 


—Mech. Eng. 


21.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


38.- 


-Civ. Eng, 


5 


— Min. Eng. 


22.- 


-Cer. Eng. 


39.- 


-Min, Eng, 


6 


— Min. Eng. 


23.- 


-T. & A.M. 


40,-Civ. Eng. 




—Mech. Eng. 
—Railway Eng. 
—Mech. Eng. 


24.- 


-Civ Eng 


41.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


*8 


25- 


-Civ. Eng. 
-Mech. Eng. 


4'- 


9 


*26.- 


43.- 


Imhi. E"n^g. 


10 


-Civ. Eng. 


*27.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


44,- 


-Mech. Eng. 


11 


-Civ. Eng. 


28.- 


-Elec. Eng. 


45.- 


-Mech. Eng. 


*12 


—Chem. Eng. 


29.- 


-Elec. Eng. 


46.- 


-Mech, Eng. 


13 


—Chem. Eng. 


*30.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


47.- 


-Mech, Eng, 


14 


-Cer. Eng. 


*31.- 


-Min. & Met. Eng. 


48.- 


-Elec. Eng. 


*15 


-Mech. Eng. 


32.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


49.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


16 


— Mech. Eng. 


*33.-Civ. Eng. 


50.- 


-Chem. Eng. 


17 


—Cer. Eng. 


34.- 


-Chem. Eng, 


51.- 


-Mech, Eng. 




REPRINTS 






1.— Mech. Eng. 


14.- 


-T. & A.M. 


27.- 


-T. & A.M. 


*2.— Chem. Eng. 


15.- 


-T.&A.M. 


28.- 


-T. & A.M. 


*3.-Chem. Eng. 


16- 


-T. & A.M. 


29.- 


-T. & A.M. 


*4.-T.&A.M. • 


17.- 


-T. & A.M. 


30.- 


-T. & A.M. 


*5.-Mech. Eng. 


18.- 


—Chem. Eng. 


31.- 


-Min, & Met. Eng. 


6. — Chem. Eng. 


19.- 


-Chem, Eng. 


32,- 


-T, & A.M. 


*7.-Min. Eng. 


20.- 


-Chem, Eng, 


33,- 


-T.&A.M. 


8.— T. & A.M. 


21.- 


-T,&A,M. 


34.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


9.-T. & A.M. 


22.- 


-T.&A.M. 


35,- 


-T.&A.M. 


10.— Mech. Eng. 


*23.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


36.- 


-Chem. Eng. 


11.— T.&A.M. 


24.- 


-T.&A.M. 


37,- 


-T&A.M. 


12.-T.&A.M. 


25.- 


-T. & A.M. 


38.- 


-Civ. Eng. 


13 


-T. & A. M. 


26.- 


-T&A.M. 







I 



AUTHOR INDEX 



Abe, Mikishi, Bui. 107, T.&A.M. 
Abrams, D. A., Buls. 27, 71, T.&A.M. 
Adams, L. H., Bui. 30, Mech. Eng. 
Alexander, H. W., Bui. 227, Cer. Eng. 
Alleman, N. J., Buls. 183, 197, 243, Reps. 24, 

26, 30, 32, 33, 35, 37, T.&A.M. 
Allen, J. W., Bui. 369, T.&A.M. 
Ararine, T. H., Buls. 19, 25, 33, Elcc. Eng. 
Anderson, A. R., Bui. 61, Elec. Eng. 
Andrews, A. I., Buls. 201, 214, 224, 227, Ccr. 

Eng. 
Arms, R. W., Bui. 128, Min. Eng. 
Armstrong, R. W., Bui. 194, Elec. Eng. 

Babbitt, H. E., Buls. 143, 178, 198, 268, 287, 

319, 323, Civ. Eng. 
Badger, A. E., Buls. 248, 271, Cer. Eng. 
Baker, I. O., Bui. 23, Circ. 2, Civ. Eng. 
Baker, J. B., Bui. 160, Mech. Eng. 
Ballam, G. A., Bui. 248, Cer. Eng. 
Barker, P., Bui. 32, Chem. Eng. 
Becker, A. J., Bui. 85, T.&A.M. 
Beede, H. C, Buls. 344, 350, Civ. Eng. 
Benedict, B. W., Buls. 103, 159, Mech. Eng. 
Betty, B. B., Buls. 244, 272, 306, T.&A.M. 
Beyer, O. S., Jr., Bui. 101, Railway Eng. 
Black, P. H., Bui. 288, Mech. Eng. 
Black, W. E., Bui. 341, T.&A.M. 
Bloom, L. R., Bui. 339, Circ. 48, Elec. Eng. 
Brandtzaeg, A., Buls. 185, 190, T.&A.M. 
Breckenridge, L. P., Buls. 2, 3, 7, 9, 15, Circs. 

1, 3, Mech. Eng. 
Brielmaier, A. A., Circ. 40, Civ. Eng. 
Broderick, E. L., Buls. 305, 321, Mech. Eng. 
Broghamer, E. L., Bui. 335, T.&A.M. 
Brooks, Morgan, Bui. 53, Elec. Eng. 
Brown, H. A., Buls. 138, 145, 148, 259, 260, 

Elec. Eng. 
Brown, R. L., Bui. 280, Civ. Eng., Buls. 185, 

190, 267, 294, 312, T.&A.M. 
Bruckner, W. H., Buls. 327, 337, 344, 350, Civ. 

Eng., Bui. 320, Min. & Met. Eng. 
Bryant, J. M., Bui. 51, Elec. Eng. 
Buck, A. M., Bui. 90, Railway Eng. 
Bunting, E. N., Bui. 118, Cer. Eng. 
Burks, D., Jr.* Buls. 219, 253, 254, Chem. Eng. 
Byraan, Leonard, Bui. 328, Chem. Eng. 

Caldwell, D. H., Buls. 319, 323, Civ. Eng. 
Callen, A. C, Buls. 158, 170, 184, 217, 231, 

Min. Eng. 
Carman, A. P., Buls. 5, 99, 122, Eng. Phys. 
Carr, M. L., Bui. 5, Eng. Phys. 
Casberg, C. H., Buls. 200, 221, 235, 281, l\Iech. 

Eng. 
Chapin, J. H., Bui. 330, Chem. Eng. 
Clayton, J. P., Buls. 58, 65, Mech. Eng. 
Clement, J. K., Buls. 30, 36, 40, Mech. Eng. 
Comings, E. W., Bui. 354, Rep. 18, Chem. 

Eng. 
Coombe, J. V., Buls. 308, 317, 327, Civ. Eng. 
Cramer, R. E., Reps. 17, 24, 25, 28, 29, 32, 

35, 37, T.&A.M. 
Crandell, J. S., Bui. 365, Civ. Eng. 
Croft, H. O., Bui. 168, Mech. Eng. 
Cross, H., Buls. 203, 215, 286, Civ. Eng. 
Cuthbert, F. L., Buls. 357, 362, Mech. Eng. 

Davis, R. E., Bui. 109, Civ. Eng. 
Day,,V. S., Buls. 117, 120, 141, 188, 189, Circ. 
15, Mech. Eng. 



Dell, G. H., Bui. 309, Civ. Eng. 

Dirks, H. B., Buls. 2, 7, Mech. Eng. 

Diserens, P., Circ. 3, Mech. Eng. 

Dolan, T. J., Buls. 276, 293, 307, 312, 335, 

T.&A.M. 
Dollins, C. W., Buls. 272, 306, 347, T.&A.M. 
Draffin, J. O., Buls. 241, 368, Rep. 27, T.&A.M. 
Duberg, J. E., Bui. 350, Civ. Eng. 
Dugan, W. G., Bui. 326, T.&A.M. 
Dunkley, W. A., Bui. 119, Min. Eng. 
Dunn, H. H., Buls. 74, 92, 110, Railway Eng. 

Egly, R. S., Bui. 354, Chem. Eng. 
Egy, W. L., Bui. 36, Mech. Eng. 
Engdahl, R. B., Bui. 351, Mech. Eng. 
Enger, M. L., Buls. 48, 105, T.&A.M. 
Fahnestock, M. K., Buls. 169, 192, 223, 290, 

305, 321, 349, Reps. 1, 5, Mech. Eng. 
Faith, W. L., Bui. 252, Chem. Eng. 
Faucett, M. A., Bui. 153, Elec. Eng. 
Felbeck, G. T., Buls. 139, 150, Mech. Eng. 
Fellows, J. R., Buls. 300, 370, Circ. 46, Mech. 

Eng. 
Fleming, T. R., Bui. 132, Min. Eng. 
Fleming, V. R., Bui. 105, T.&A.M. 
Footitt, F. F., Bui. 118, Cer. Eng. 
Francis, C. K., Bui. 24, Chem. Eng. 
Eraser, T., Buls. 125, 144, Min. Eng. 

Garland, C. M., Buls. 21, 40, 50, Mech. Eng. 
Garner, L. P., Bui. 325, Elec. Eng. 
Gatward, W. A., Bui. 95, Elec. Eng. 
Giesecke, F. E., Bui. 356, Mech. Eng. 
Glover, V. L., Bui. 365, Civ. Eng. 
Gonnerman, H. F., Bui. 106, T.&A.M. 
Goodenough, G. A., Buls. 9, 18, 66, 75, 139, 

160, Mech. Eng. 
Goss, W. F. M., Buls. 26, 57, Railway Eng. 
Gould, R. E., Buls. 171, 182, 186, 209, 222, 

Mech. Eng. 
Grigsby, C. E., Circ. 17, Cer. Eng. 
Grim, R. E., Buls. 357, 362, Mech. Eng. 
Guell, A., Buls. 33, 54, Elec. Eng. 
Guldner, F. H., Buls. 129, 134, 135, Railway 

Eng. 

Hadley, H. F., Bui. 76, Chem. Eng. 

Hake, H. G., Bui. 51, Elec. Eng. 

Hall, S. G., Bui. 245, T.&A.M. 

Ham, C. W., Buls. 149, 247, Mech. Eng. 

Hamilton, N. D., Bui. 17, Chem. Eng. 

Hansen, E. L., Bui. 333, Civ. Eng. 

Hao, Chao-Chien, Bui. 361, Civ. Eng. 

Harder, O. E., Bui. 93, Chem. Eng. 

Harman, C. G., Bui. 311, Cer. Eng. 

Harris, C. O., Bui. 239, Civ. Eng. 

Harris, W. S., Buls. 348, 349, 358, 366, Mech. 

Haskins, C. N., Bui. 30, Mech. Eng. 
Heitman, R. H., Bui. 368, T.&A.M. 
Henry, J. A., Circ. 51, Mech. Eng. 
Henwood, P. E., Bui. 264, T.&A.M. 
Hershey, A. E., Buls. 159, 262, Mech. Eng. 
Hertzfll, E. A., Buls. 214, 224, Cer. Eng. 
Hippard, C. W., Bui. 116, Min. Eng. 
Hoersch, V. A., Bui. 212, T.&A.M. 
Holbrook, E. A., Bui. 88, Circ. 5, Min. Eng. 
Horner, W. W., Circ. 49, Civ. Eng. 
Hoskin, A. J., Buls. 132, 144, 151, Min. Eng. 
Howard, F. C, Bui. 176, T.&A.M. 



Publications of the Engineering Experiment Station 



AUTHOR INDEX, Continued 



Huckert, J. W., Bui. 149, Alecli. Eng. 
Hudson, C. S., Bui. 21, Mech. Eng. 
Huntington, W. C, Bui. 365, Civ. Eng. 
Hursh, R. K., Circs. 14, 17, Cer. Eng. 
Inglis, N. P., Bui. 164, T.&A.M. 
Jakob, Max, Rep. 10, Mech. Eng. 
James, R. V., Bui. 195, T.&A.M. 
Jasper, T. M., Buls. 136, 142, 152, T.&A.M. 
Jensen, R. S., Reps. 24, 28, 32, 35, 37, T.&A.M. 
Jensen, V. P., Buls. 237, 303, 315, 332, 345, 

346, 369, T.&A.M. 
Johnstone, H. F., Buls. 228, 324, 330, Circ. 20, 

Rep. 2, Chem. Eng. 
Jones, P. G., Bui. 294, T.&A.M. 
Jordan, H. H., Bui. 109, Civ. Eng. 

Keener, C. A., Buls. 145, 148, Elec. Eng. 
Keller, R. B., Bui. 82, Railway Eng. 
Ketchum, M. S., Bui. 241, Civ. Eng. 
Kctchum, P. W., Bui. 154, Cer. Eng. 
Keyes, D. B., Buls. 206, 238, 252, 328, Circs. 

19, 34, 35, Rep. 3, Chcm. Eng. 
King, E. E., Bui. 250, Railway Eng. 
King, W. R., Jr., Circ. 13, Chem.. Eng. 
Kluge, R. W., Buls. 269, 270, 275, 308, 322, 

Civ. Eng., Bui. 346, T.&A.M. 
Knight, A. R., Bui. 153, Elec. Eng. 
Knipp, C. T., Bui. 138, Elec. Eng. 
Kommers, J. B., Bui. 124, T.&A.M. 
Konzo, S., Bui. 205, T.&A.M., Buls. 192, 223, 

246, 266, 290, 305, 318, 321, 342, 348, 351, 

355, 370, Circs. 44, 45, 51, Mech. Eng. 
Kraehenbuehl, J. O., Bui. 273, Cer. Eng., 

Circs. 28, 29, Elec. Eng. 
Kratz, A. P., Buls. 50, 78, 120, 133, 141, 171, 

186, 188, 189, 192, 209, 213, 222, 223, 230, 
246, 266. 290, 300, 305, 318, 321, 342, 349, 
351, 355, 356, 358, 366, 370, Circs. 44, 45, 
46, 51, Rep. I, Mech. Eng. 

Kressman, F. W., Bui. 46, Chem. Eng. 
Krouse, G. N., Circ. 23, T.&A.M. 
Kunz, Jakob, Bui. 325, Elec. Eng.. Bui. 114, 
Eng. Phys. 

Langtry, W. D., Bui. 116, Min. Eng. 

Lansford, W. M., Buls. 289, 326, 340, T.&A.M. 

Larson, L. T., Bui. 175, T.&A.M. 

Leland, B. J., Bui. 287, Civ. Eng. 

Lepper, H. A., Bui. 313, Civ. Eng. 

Levy, M. I., Bui. 182, Mech. Eng. 

Libraan, E. E., Bui. 140, Cer. Eng., Buls. 173, 

187, Eng. Phys. 

Lichty, L. C, Bui. 102, Mech. Eng. 

Lincoln, F. C, Bui. 69, Min. Eng. 

Lindsay, J. D., Bui. 365, Civ. Eng. 

Looney, C. T. G., Bui. 352, Civ. Eng. 

Lord, A. R., Bui. 56, T.&A.M. 

Lowther, J. G., Buls. 207, 240, Mech. Eng. 

Lukens, \V. P., Bui. 103, Mech. Eng. 

Lyon, K. C, Bui. 311, Cer. Eng. 

Lyon, S. W., Buls. 164, 183, 197, T.&A.M. 

McCrackin, T. H., Jr., Buls. 337, 344, Civ. 

McDaniel, A. B., Bui. 81, Civ. Eng. 
McFarland, D. F., Bui. 93, Chnn. Eng. 
McGovney, C. S., Bui. 3B, Chem. Eng. 
McVay, T. N.. Buls. 163, 233, Cer. Eng. 
Macintire, H. J., Buls. 171, 186, 209, 222, 



Maney, G. A., Bui. 80, Civ. Eng. 

Marin, J., Bui. 295, Civ. Eng. 

Marquis, F. W., Bui. 59, Railway Eng. 

Martin, R. J., Bui. 349, Mech. Eng. 

Mather, J., Bui. 239, Civ. Eng. 

Matsumoto, T., Bui. 126, T.&A.M. 

Mayland, B. J., Bui. 354, Chem. Eng. 

Miles, J. C, Circ. 46, Mech. Eng. 

Mitchell, D. R., Buls. 217, 258, 285, Min. Eng. 

Moore, H. P.. Bui. 104, Civ. Eng., Buls. 42, 
44, 49, 52, 68, 86, 98, 124, 136, 142, 152, 
156, 164, 165, 176, 183, 197, 205, 208, 243, 
244, 264, 272, 306, 347, Circ. 23, Reps. 4, 8, 
9. II, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 21, 22, 32, 
T.&A.M. 

Moore, L. E., Bui. 18, Mech. Eng. 

Moore, R. L., Bui. 242, Civ. Eng. 

Moorman, R. B. B., Bui. 251, T.&A.M. 

Morgan, VV. R., Buls. 229, 284, Circ. 22, Cer. 
Eng. 

Mosher, W. E., Bui. 66, Mech. Eng. 

Nebel, M. L., Bui. 89, Min. Eng. 
Nelson, R. A., Bui. 122, Eng. Phys. 
Newcomb, R., Bui. 121, Arch. Eng. 
Newmark, N. M., Buls. 255, 304, 313, 336, 338, 

363, 367, Circ. 24, Rep. 23, Civ. Eng., Bui. 

277, T.&A.M. 

Olin, H. L., Buls. 60, 79, Chem. Eng. 
Oliver, W. A., Bui. 210, Civ. Eng. 
Olson, E. D., Bui. 331, Civ. Eng. 
Olson, T. A., Buls. 307, 368, T.&A.M. 
Ozelsel, A. M., Bui. 360, Civ. Eng. 

Paine, E. B., Buls. 259, 260, 278, Elec. Eng. 

Parmelee, C. W., Buls. 154, 179, 233, 248, 271, 
273, 311, Cer. Eng. 

Parr, S. W., Buls. 17, 24, 32, 37, 38, 46, 60, 
76, 79, 94, 97, 111, 155, 177, 180, Circs. 12, 
13, Chem. Eng., Bui. 7, Mech. Eng. 

Paton, R. F., Bui. 262, Mech. Eng. 

Peck, R. B., Reps. 34, 38, Civ. Eng. 

Penman, R. R., Bui. 363, Civ. Eng. 

Pfeiffer, W. H., Bui. 179, Cer. Eng. 

Pickels, G. W., Buls. 232, 296, Civ. Eng. 

Pigford, R. L., Bui. 330, Chem. Eng. 

Poison, J. A., Buls. 207, 240, Mech. Eng. 

Powell, A. R., Bui. Ill, Chem. Eng. 

Putnam, W. J., Buls. 115, 211, T.&A.M. 

Quereau, J. F., Circ. 16, Mech. Eng. 

Rayner, W. H., Circ. 32, Civ. Eng. 

Rich, C. R., Bui. 63, Mech. Eng. 

Richards, C. R., Buls. 63, 130, 131, Circ. 9, 

Mech. Eng. 
Richart, F. E., Buls. 108, 365, Civ. Eng., Buls. 

137, 166, 175, 185, 190, 237, 251, 267, 277, 

294, 307, 314, 343, 368, T.&A.M. 
Ricker, N. C, Buls. 13, 16, 35, Arch. Eng. 
Rosecrans, C. Z., Buls. 133, 150, 157, Mech. 

Eng. 
Roy, N. H., Bui. 244, T.&A.M. 
Ryan. D. G., Bui. 247, Mech. Eng. 

Schlenz, H. E., Bui. 198, Civ. Eng. 

Schmidt, E. C, Buls. 11, 43, 59, 82, 92, 101, 

110, 167, 220, 257, 298, Railway Eng. 
Schrader, H. J., Buls. 220, 257, 298, 301, Rail- 

way Eng. 
Schubert, C. E., Buls. 221, 235, 281, MpcA. £»</. 



28 



Publications of the Engineering Experiment Station 



AUTHOR INDEX, Concluded 



Schwalbe, W. 
Seely, F. B., 

T.&A.M. 
Shelton, G. R., Bui. 140, Ccr. Eng. 
Siess, C. P., Buls. 336, 363, Civ. Eng. 
Singh, A. D., Bui. 324, Circ. 36, Chem. Eng. 
Slater, W. A., Buls. 64, 84, T.&A.M. 
Smith, C. M., Buls. 158, 170, 184, 196, 199, 

218, 231, 249, 265, 279, 285, 297, Min. Eng. 
Smith, J. O., Buls. 316, 334, T.&A.M. 
Smith, L. L., Bui. 299, Elcc. Eng. 
Smith, R., Rep. 38, Civ. Eng. 
Snodgrass, J. M„ Buls. 31, 34, Mech. Eng., 

Buls. 11, 82, 101, 129, 134, 135, Railway 

Eng. 
Snow, R. D., Bui. 238, Chem. Eng. 
Spencer, W. H., Bui. 200, Mech. Eng. 
Stephenson, E. B., Bui. 47, Eng. Phys. 
Stoek, H. H., Buls. 91, 116, 132, Circ. 6, Min. 

Eng. 
Straub, F. G., Buls. 155, 177, 216, 261, 282, 

283, 364, Rep. 20, Chem. Eng. 
Sturm, R. G., Bui. 329, T.&A.M. 
Suppiger, E. W., Bui. 353, T.&A.M. 
Swann, S., Jr., Buls. 204, 206, 236, Circ. 50,, 

Reps. 6, 19, 36, Chem. Eng. 

Talbot, A. N., Buls. 1, 4, 8, 10, 12, 14, 20, 
22, 27. 28, 29, 41, 44, 48, 49, 56, 64, 67, 
84, 105, 106, 137, T.&A.M. 

Tarpley, R. E., Bui. 278, Elec. Eng. 

Thomas, F. P., Buls. 242, 302, Civ. Eng. 

Thomas, H. R., Bui. 212, Rep. 17, T.&A.M. 

Thompson, C. U, Bui. 225, Cer. Eng. 

Thomson, D, W., Circ. 44, Mech. Eng. 

Thornburn, T. H., Rep. 38, Civ. Eng. 

Turner, H. M., Bui. 53, Elec. Eng. 

Tykociner, J. T., Buls. 147, 161, 194, 259, 260, 
278, 291, 325, 339, Circ. 48, Elec. Eng. 

Vandaveer, F. E., Circ. 12, Chem. Eng. 
Vedder, J. N., Bui. 130, Mech. Eng. 
Ver, T., Bui. 208, T.&A.M. 



Walker, H. L., Bui. 359, Rep. 31, Min. & 

Met. Eng. 
Warner, E. H., Bui. 114, Eng. Phys. 
Washburn, E. W., Buls. 118, 140, Cer. Eng. 
Watson, F. R., Buls. 73, 87, 127, 172, Eng. 

Phys. 
Webber, R. I., Bui. 6, Civ. Eng. 
Weiss, C, Bui. 108, Civ. Eng. 
Westman, A. E. R., Buls. 179, 181, 193, Circ. 

14, Cer. Eng. 
Wheeler, W. F., Buls. 17, 37, 38, Che^i. Eng. 
White, J. M., Bui. 87, Eng. Phys. 
Whitley, F. H., Jr., Bui. 287, Civ. Eng. 
Whittemore, H. L., Bui. 45, T.&A.M. 
Wilde, R. A., Bui. 327, Civ. Eng. 
Wilder, A. B.. Bui. 310, Civ. Eng. 
Wiley, C. C, Buls. 70, 365, Circ. 18, Civ. Eng. 
Willard, A. C, Buls. 102, 112, 120, 141, 188, 

189, 192, 223, 246, Mech. Eng. 
Williams, C. B., Jr., Buls. 343, 346, T.&A.M. 
Williams, E. H., Bui. 62, Eng. Phys. 
Wilson, B. J., Bui. 207, Circ. 16, Mech. Eng. 
Wilson, I.. A., Bui. 131, Mech. Eng. 
Wilson, T. A., Bui. 146, Mech. Eng. 
Wilson, W. M., Buls. 80, 104, 108, 162, 174, 

191, 202, 210, 226, 234, 239, 242, 255, 263, 

269, 270, 275, 280, 292, 295, 302, 308, 310, 

317, 327, 331, 337, 344, 350, 360, 361, Circs. 

10, 11, 18, Civ. Eng., Bui. 86, T.&A.M. 
Woodrow, H. R., Bui. 61, Elec. Eng. 
Woodruff, M. W., Bui. 291, Elec. Eng. 
Woodruff, W. J., Bui. 213, Mech. Eng. 

Yancey, H. P., Bui. 125, Min. Eng. 

Yensen, T. D„ Buls. 55, 72, 77, 83, 95, Elec. 

Yoshida, Tokujiro, Bui. 123, T.&A.M. 
Young, C. M., Buls. 100, 113, Min. Eng. 
Young, E. G., Buls. 220, 256, 274, Railway 

Young, L. E., Bui. 91, Min. Eng. 



83^ 
CHAPTIR X3C7I 

THE STUDENT BODY 

A. THE ALL-UWIViESITY STUDENT BODY PM) ITS AFFAIES 

. r".-- ".■>, :.:'. . :. :v',-. a. Gtenoral 

E arly Working. Living^ and Social Condition s. -In the days of the early history of 

the University, vhile lUinois was a new state, some of the dry upland prairie sod 

had not yet "been turned, and much of the corn belt was too wet to he cultivated. 

Most of the people were engaged in agriculture; and since many of them were in 

deht for their farms, they lived exceedingly economically and usually had only the 

hare necessitiee of life. The people who lived in the villages and towns did not 

faro much better. Chicago had a population of less than 3OO 000 with comparatively 

few people of wealth or culture. The University was advertised as an institution 

for the education of the industrial classes; and consequently the students who 

came from these Illinois surroundings to such an institution were aocustomed to 

hard work and self-denial, and came solely to fit themselves to get along better 

industrially and financially. As a rule, particularly during the first few years 

of the University's life, the students were much older than the usual run of 

college student of later years, and were much more intent and determined in their 

desire for an education. The greiit majority of the students ware earnest, patient, 

and persevering, and had little or no time or inclination for anything except study 

and work. 

It has been estimated that during the first three or four years, from 

one-quaxter to one -half of the students boarded themselves. Most of them lived 

in the dormitory, which also contained all of the recitation rooms and laboratories. 

The rooms were rather small, yet many of them were occupied by two students who 

cooked, ate, studied, and slept there. Most of these rooms were devoid of pictures 

on the walls or carpets on the floor. The rent was $^.00 per term (average 12 

weeks) per student. Concerning those rooms and living conditions the Third Annual 

Circular and Catalogue issued for the school year I869-70 contained the following 

statement : 



835 

"There is in tho university iDUilding atout sixty private ronias for students 
which are rented to the students who first apply. Each room is designed for the 
HiscoamodQtlontof twotbtudente . Kiesn roona ore. ik feet long and 10 fsot wide'. -., They 
are without furniture, it "being doenod "best that tho students shall furnish their 
oun.rooAs'. it-ise^arnestly roconiiondodfor health's sake that- each student have a 
separate "bed. A study tahle, chairs, and a snail coal stove, Eiay "be provided in 
common hy the occupants of the room." 

"Good private "boarding houses are already springing up around the univer- 
sity, where either day "board, or "board and rooms can "be o"btained, with tho advantage 
of a family circle. A "boarding clu'b is maintained "by the students in the university 
"building at a cost of from $2 to $2-50 per week. Several students have provided 
themselves with meals in their rooms, at an expense varying from $1 to $1-50 per 
week . * 

"To avoid unnecoasary litter a"bout the grounds, coal is purchased "by 
the university at wholesale, and furnished to students at cost." 

After June, 1880, when the dormitory was declared "by the Board of Trustees 
as unsafe for use after it had "been partially destdryed "by a violent windstorm, a 
proportionally larger number of students lived in private residences; and this change 
materially improved living conditions. However, the University still maintained 
two small dormitories of eight rooms each, -old "buildings converted to that purpose, - 
and some students who later "became distinguished graduates ""batched" in these 
"buildings . 

Many of the students earned at college all the money they spent. During 
the first decade while there was considera"ble construction in progress, the students 
found much remunerative employment in working in the shops, especially tho "machine 
shop", in tho erection of "buildings, in the preparation of tho campus grounds, and 
in the conduct of the work of tho farm. During tho second decade, however, ouch 
work was not plentiful, although a few students continued to do Janitor work and 
other services to maintain the properties. Some walked three or four miles into 
the country on Saturday and did a day's work "besides. Fortunately, general living 
conditions in Illinois had greatly improved "by the 80's and there was not aa ma;ifiy 
students who were dependent for a living, .either partly or wholly, upon their own 
efforts . 

T^iei'e was no organized social diversion, exceiit an occasional surrepti- 
tious stag dance in a recitation room or the chapel on halloween or Thanksgiving' 
or during the hilidays. A few students Were fortunate enough to "be ihvlted to 



T^tm tit.-^K: 



836 
;^ ,.\ prlvalo. hora6B In the Twin Cltlee, and wora grently eirvied "by their lees fortunate 
friends. Thero were "but few pranks, although it was the universal custom of all 
students in the domitory, during warm weather when windows wore likely to "be open, 
to keep a wash-pitcher full of water on the window sill for the possihlo pleasure 
of Ijouring it upon any man TjgIow who should stick his head out of the window. 

The maturity, earnestness, and industry of the students of the early days 
add the lack of social diversions, in a large measure compensated for the lack of 
resources and facilities on the pjirt of the University; and Ijesides the students 
being few in nunlier came into intimate personal contact with the instructors, and 
thereby obtained guidance and inspiration that were more valuable than anything to 
be obtained from text -books or laboratory apparatus. Althou^ the institution was 
crude and poorly equipped, and the students illy prepared, it is not clevr that the 
early students were on the whole not as well fitted for the battle of life as their 
successors who lived and worked under more fortunate conditions and more pleasant 
surroimdings . 

The University's Early System of Student -Labor -A fundamental principle in the 
early history of the University was that students should be required to labor a 
certain amount of time each day for which thoy should receive a comparatively small 
financial remuneration. During the spring and fall of the terms of I868 they were 
employed on the caiapus, as previously mentioned, in cleaning up the grounds, con- 
structing waUcs, building fences, setting out trees, etc., and on the farm in laying 

1 
tile, setting out orchards, etc. The Catalogue and Circular of 1868.-69 stated as 

follows in this connection: 

"Practice in some form, and to soiae extent, is indispensible to a practical 
education It is the divorcement of the theoretical and practical which renders so 
much of education mere book learning. To guard againat this fatal defect, the 
trustees have directed that the manual labor system shall be thoroughly tried, and 
all students, who are not excused on accoimt of physical Inability, are required to 
labof for one to two hours each day, except Saturday cmd Sunday. During the autumn 
the labor occupies only one hour a day. The students go out in squads under their 
military officers, and under general supervision of members of the faculty, or 
superintendents of the dopojrtments. 

"The labor is designed to be educational, and to exhibit the practical appli- 
cation, of -th e theories taught by the text books and in the lecture room. Thus far 
1. Page 15. 



. . ' '"■' "' ■" ■'•■■"■•■ .■'■■:■'■ : n 



fCl-a.-.M «©/<■. 






837 
it has "been popular among the studonto, several attributing to it th& preservation 
of their health through a long tern of severe study. They have already acconiplished 
a large anount of valuable work, and vxo proud to point to the grounds fenced, 
planted with trees, and ornamented by their own labor. It is found to facilitate, 
rather than hinder study, aiid affords a much more valuable misans of physical culture 
than any system of gyranaetice . 

"The labor is compensated in proportion to the ability and fidelity of each 
laborer, the maxiiTium compensation being eight cents cji hour. Many students volun- 
tarily work over hours, and receive for such overwork twelve and a half cents an 
hour. The experience of the past confirms the belief that this union and alteration 
of mental and muscular effort will not only give the sound mind in a sound body, but 
will help to produce educated men who will be strong, practical ond. self-reliant, 
full of resource, and practical in judgment, the physical equals of the strongest, 
and the mental peers of the wisest; thus redeeming higher education from the odiiim 
of puny forms and palid faces, and restoring the long-lost and much-needed sympathy 
between educated men and the great Industrial and business classes. 

"It is not expected that all prejudice against work will disappear at once, 
or that lobor will at once assume for all, its position of native dignity ;ind 
honor, but we mn.y confidently hope, if the increasing nimbor do not render it im- 
practicable to furnish profitable employment, finally to overcome the strongest 
prejudice, and I'ender the labor system one of the most profitable features of the 
University, with the public as well as wj.th the students themselves." 

From the beginning, compulsory labor was a source of much thought and anxiety 
on the part of the University administration. It was difficult to f^urnish adequate 
or efficient suporvloion; and it soon became impossible to furnish labor which 
students could do with even fair efficiency. After a trial during the spring term 
only, the system broke down and was abandoned, although en attempt was still mr.de 
to supply labor to such students as desired it. It was found practically impossible, 
however, to furnish work for many of the students; and there was no pretense that 
such labor had any direct educational value. The failure of the systems as an 
educational factor was a keen disappointment to Regent Gregory and other adnlnistrar' 
tive officers. 

The Catalogue and Circular of 187^-75 contained the following statement re- 
garding the labor policy in effect at that time: 

LABOR 

"Labor is not compulsory, but is furnished as far as possible ,to all who 
desire it. It is classified into Mucational oiid Remunerative Labor. 

"■Educational Labor is designed av practical Instruction, and constitutes a 
part of the course in several schools. Students are credited with their proficiency 
In it as in other studios. Nothing is paid for it. 

"Remunera tive Labor is prosecuted for its Tjroducts, and students are paid 

r. Pag©:52-»-.'-': ■ -.-:•.. 



f.f>; 



;'C' (jli- '3*!i«v".*'i{ vS ■ ..'i. . wt.fi i!."i*' 






'-•^ ■'■ 838 - 

vhat their work is worth. Thosa desiring enploynont must join the La"bor Classes , 
which lahor for two to four hoiurs a day. The maxiauiii rate paid for farm, garden 
and shop lahor is ton cents , and for that atout the buildings and ornamental 
groxmde, eight cents -nor hou r. Efficient students, who desire to earn more money, 
can often obtain work for extra hours.; or they laay he allowed to work by the piece 
at Job, and thus, by diligence or skill, secure more. 

"Some students, who have the requisite skill, industry and econooy, pay their 
expenses by their labor; but, in general young men cannot count upon doing this at 
first, without a capital to begin with, either of skill, or of money to servo theiii 
till a degree of skill is acquired. With this, however, emd with a judiciouB use 
of time during vacation, many students have been able to meet their entire expenses." 

S tudent and Student -Faculty Relationships . -"Throughout the first decade, and for 
some years afterward, the University was much like a large family. The students 
all knew each other, Djid know tho faculty. 'The tie between students and faculty 
was strong' says Einma Jones Spence, 'almost like that of relatives. We exchanged 
photographs, autographa, Christmas and New Year's cards, sent flowers to each other 
in cases of illness or death, gave our professors presents on their various anni- 
versaries, entertained thorn in our honeo-thoBe who had homee-and were often enter- 
tained by then, either by claeaos or in other groups'"." 

As the number of students and faculty grew, this relationship became more 
formal, for there was less opportunity for association both within and without the 
classroom. A great deal of effort has been expended to offset this disadvantage 
bjr the formation of clubs, societies, social centers, and other facilities on or 
about the compus. Mbn^' of these have approached their aims in particular cases 
and groups, but it is stil]. irrpossible for indi"*duals to becora.e intimately .ac- 
quainted on a wholesale plan where bo mai^ thousands are involved. 
Daily Chopel Exercises . -For a number of years after tho opening of the University, 
the daily chapel exercises occupied half an hour during the morning period, end 
consisted of the reading of a short passage of Scripture, the singing of a hjTmi or 
a gospel song in which the students Joined the choir, a prayer, and usually some 
remarks by a member of the faculty. In the early dayo, Eegont Gregory usually 
conducted the chapel exercleoB; and made an address upon soue- topic of public 
interest, presented an inform^ational talk upon some leading ■.-•vent in political or 

industrial history, or gave an inspirational discussion of tho forimtion of 
1. Histcrical Sketch in the Alumni Record, 1918, :?age XII, 



839 

character and the intellectual dovelopnont of the otudent. His topics had a wide 
range, were presented with clearness and eloquence, and were esteemed highly hy the 
students. John A. Ockerson, '73, vrote regarding these chapel talks: "Every 
University of Illinois student of the 'TO's vlll tell you of Dr. Gregory's noming 
chapel talks, those earnest, kindly appeals with their almost personal challenge to 
each one of us" . Because in that day, , the students had access to only a few news- 
papers, magazines, or hooks, these Ichapel talks met a real need. 

Beginning in September, l89^, however, the daily assembly of all students in 
the chapel was discontinued, owing partly to the fact that students *Bre. ■widely 
scattered in the various buildings on the campus, and partly to the exigencies of 
making a program for laboratory, drafting-room, and field class exercises requiring 
two or three-hour periods. In addition, the increase in the number of newspapers, 
magazines, and other informa-tlon sources made less need for a soiirce of information 
such as the chapel meeting filled. Many of the early students regretted, however, 
that the chapel talks were no longer given. 

b. STUDEtlT-GOVIiRIIMMr I^TaVIS 
ga rly Government ?lan.-The Student -Government system adopted on September 3, I87OJ 
afforded an outlet for student activity and an opportvmity for training and self •• 
discipline. As the plan worked out, the governing or regulatory authority, patterned 
after our federal system, consisted of three groups: legislative. Judicial, and 
executive. The legislative body consisted of a general assembly elected by vote of 
the students; the Judicial department, of a council of five, chosen from the general 
assembly; and the executive department, of a president and a vice-president of the 
Government, with an adjutant for each building and with hall sargeants for control 
within the buildings. 

All officers we33e elected each term; and the caucus, the campaign, and the 

election were often animated. The sessions of the court usually attracted visitors 

from the student body; and once or twice a contest with the faculty as to the Juris- 

dlction of the two bodies was for a few days an all-absorbing topic. The Student 
J. "Student Government in I87O", Alumni Quarterly, 1912, page 10. 



8^4-0 
Government was very effective in maintaining quietness and good order in the dor- 
mitory; and as long as the dormitory "building also housed the University, it was a 
valuable organization. But when the University ceased to occupy a single huilding 
and proportionally fewer students lived in the dormitory, the anamolies in the 
form of students' government 'bocarae apparent and much friction resulted. Politics 
crept in, and in June I883, the plan was discontinued with no one mourning over its 
demise. 

There was no honor system concerning examinations; and the Student Government 
exercised no authority over social activities, --possitly because there were none, at 
least for several years after the Student Government system was established. Howeve:^' 
later as the number of non-resident women students increased and as they found 
homes near the campus, social activities slowly increased. 

Other forms of student administration were instituted to regulate the course 
and conduct of student government, all of which met ^rith only Indifferent success, 
until 1909, when there came into being the Illinois Union described in the next sec- 
tion. 

The University of Illinois Union . The University of Illinois Union, Inc., one of 
the most comprehensive organizations on the campus, came into existence with 5OO 
members at a mass meeting of male students held on March 3, 1909- The corporation 
wae fostered and chartered for the purpose of the "promotion of Illinois spirit by 
all means possible, more especially by the erection and maintenance of a club house". 
In I9IO'." the Union sponsored homecoming, pep meetings, cap burning, dad's day, and 
other events of student interest. In 1913, the organization purchased the building 
immediately north of the Co-op on Wright Street. On January 1, 1919, the Union 
took over by lease the first floor of the Y.M.C.A. Building at the corner of Wright 
and John Streets; and two years later, it purchased the building and took over the 
upper floors. Including the donnltory facilities. It also bought the vacant lot 
immediately back of the building, -the lot that faces on John Street. In order to 
make certain adjustments, the organization was reincorporated in 192^+. In 1927, it 
purchased the Bradley Arcade Building adjoining the Union Building on the north. 



8iH 
Beginning in 193^, the University undertook to develop through a lease, the main 
floor of the Union Building as a Student Center, and it gradually took over the 
property of the Union "between 1938 and 19^1, -the aeaets of the Union amounting to 
some $20 000 in personal property and approximately $100 000 in real-ostate equity 
"being treuBf erred to the Board of Trustees of the University. After the now Illini 
Union Building was erected, the name of the Student Center Building was changed to 
Illini Hall. 

In 1910, the government of the Union was vested in an executive board com- 
posed of the executive officers of the organization, three faculty members, and throe 
alumni members. The form of the control organization was changed from time to 
time after that as campus activities multi-nlied. After tho Union was reincorporated 
in 192^, it was governed by a board of directors consisting of six students elected 
by the student body, four faculty members appointed by the President of the Univer- 
sity, and four alumni members appointed by the President of the Alumni Association. 
In 1938; the government was placed in the hands of three faculty members appointed 
by the President of the University, the three executive officers of the Union, a 
representative of the Alumni Association and one student from each of the major 
colleges of the University. All undergraduate men students of the University were 
automatically members of the Union. S^hco iffe.2 whon wcanon also became eligible for 
membership, the Union Board has been composed of nine students, three faculty mem- 
bers, one representative from the Alumni Association, the Manager of tho Union 
Building, and the Socio! Director of the Union. 

Student Co\mcll .-Th& Student Council was organized about 1910 as a subsidiary of 
the Illinois Union to provide as its constitution stated: "a student body which 
is in close contact through its members with every branch of student enterprise, 
and which can truly represent tho student body." The organization was composed of 
eight seniors and seven Juniors with representative g from each college and school 

and ma.lor activity , and had general chergb of such matters as were delegated to it 
1. \Ihile the new board was getting tinder way rafter 193^, the old board continued, 
transferring the property to tho Board of Trustees of the University and liquid- 
ating this phase of tho buslnesc affairs of the Union. It took about three years 
to bring about this liquidation. 



'j:(%!W« 



Qh2 

"by the execatire 'board of the Union. It was in time superseded "by the Student 
Senate discussed in the next section. 

Student Senate . -In 133^^ there ^^ras established the student self-governing organiza- 
tion known as the Student Senate to replace the original Student Council previously 
mentioned. This "body, still in existence sutstantially the same as vrhen it was 
first provided, is made up of twnety-five undergraduate student mem"bors, ten officio 
and fifteen elected members from the undergraduate student body, -and is assigned 
the duties of representing the entire sutdent group in matters affecting student 
interest, promoting student interest, promoting general student welfare, and exer- 
cising pov/ors of student government conferred upon it hy the University Committee 
of Student Affairs, an organization made up of the Dean of Men, the Dean of Women, 
seven other faculty memhers, and four of the six students on the present Student 
Cotmcil, a subsidiary of the Student Senate. 

The Student Senate meets every tv/o weeks during the school year, and is 
assisted by three faculty advisors. Its three most important committees consist 
of the University Dejice Committee, the Elections Committee, and the Student Council 
that cooperates v/ith the University Senate Commitlee on Student Affairs. It has 
committees, also, on social events, honorary organizations, extracurricular 
ac-oivities, general welfare, pjid one to nominate candidates for the Freshmen 
Council, 

Thus, Student government, established in 187O, has continued in one form 
or another until the present time, serving to provide excellent opportunities for 
student training and development and for maintaiiing all the conventions and pro- 
prieties of a well-ordered society. 

c. STUDEKT HOUSING 
General . -In the early days at the University of Illinois, students were quartered 
in campus dormitories snd private rooming houses near the cfjnpus area as previously 
mentioned. As fraternities ?nd sororities cpnc into being here, they provided 
rather comfortable hones for mr-ny groups; and as the nujiiber of such organizations 
grew and as their housing and living conditions improved, they afforded comfortable 



8i^3 
quarters for a substantial percentage of the student "body. Then as the realdence 
halls were constructed hy the University, they furnished supplementary housing and 
living space for students, hut imfortunately for only a relatively small ratio of 
the student enrollment. Finally, there came Into existence the organized houses 
of the tvo independent groups, - the Men's House Plan and the Vfomen' s Group System, - 
that supplied home accommodations for many additional students in the undergraduate 
list that were Interested in securing the advantages of living together in organized 
groups. The remainder, a majority of the student "body, has lived and still lives 
in prlvatoly-ovnod "boarding and rocaaing houses that center largely aroimd the canipus 
area. Daring rather recent years, the Board of Trustees established the Division 
of Student Housing under the direction of the Dean of Students, to supervise student 
living conditions within the University district. The purpose of this particular 
step was to raise the Btandards of living provided for svich students In private 
homes, affording better lighting and study facilities and more wholesome surround- 
ingb in the attempt to improve the atmosphere of student life, -in other words, to 
permit Btadents to attain more fully the objectives maintained by this type of 
oducational institution. 

d. STUDMT PUBLICATIONS 
T/uJ Student . -In November, I87I, the undergraduate students, principally oeniort.', 
in the University began the publication of a college monthly called "The Student". 
The publication was not so much a newspaper as an organ for the publication by the 
faculty of technical or other serious and heavy scientific articles that were not 
unfortunately, especially interesting to the general student body. Nathan Clifford 
Rickor, later Dean of the College of Engineering, was a representative on the edi- 
torial staff from the College of Engineering. Because of the nature of the articles 
and for other reasons, too, The Student ceased publication in December, I873, and 
was soon succeeded by the Illlnl, described briefly in the next section. 
The mini and the Daily Illin l.-In January, 18?^, the Illinl, a monthly student 
newspaper published at the rate of $1.50 a year, issued its first number. Several 
of the annual volumes fail to disclose the names of the editors of those early days; 



^H:y-'limht&/Ji.: ae-fe.";.. '. ••xi;-.- 






'i^H't^ir r :.3m', ^!tj(=:J"5i 



Qkk 
tut a casual examination seems to indicate that the engineering students had their 

pro rata representation on the editorial staff, among the contriTautore, and on the 

managing hoard. C. G. Elliot, c. o. '75, and S. A. Ballard, arch. '78, were two 

editors-in-chief . 

In Septemher, I880, the paper "began to appear twice a month, and in Septomher 
1893, once a weak. It "began to come out throe times a week in Septem"ber, 1899, 
and five times a week in Septeiaber, 1902. In Septem"ber, 1907, the name of the pub- 
lication was changed from "The Illini" to "The Daily Illini", and the paper was 
changed In size from a four-page, five-column pu"blication, to an eight-page, four- 
column paper. In September, 1908, it was expanded to eight pages for five columns 
each. Other changes occurred from time to time as conditions required until in 
19^+1, it had from four to eight pages of eight columns each. During the war it, 
like other papers, h«» had to retrench somewhat. 

The publication was first issued under the control of the Student Government, 
"but when this ceased to function in I883, the election of the editor and manag'^r 
"bocame vested in the su"bscri"berB of the paper and remained so until the facult;"- 
reorganization plan of 1911 placed it in the hands of the Board of Directors of 
the mini Publishing Conrpany, the l-^olnt board having been composed at various 
ti*:res of three to four faculty members and of about the same number of students, 
■t'a^i.t elects editors, business managers, and other officers and staff meiEbers of 
student publicatinns. 

The paper maintains a membership in the Associated Press and furnlshee both 
international and national news, and in addition, portrays a good cross-section of 
University and local community events. It contains all the official annoimcemontg 
and news of sports and University affairs gathered by a staff that now, or during 
normal years, at least includes over I50 students. A complete set of bound copies 
of the publication is on file in the University I,ibrary. 

Other Stud ent Publicatlono . -Other student publications controlled by the Illini 
Publishing Company include the Illio, which t!a the year book; the Illinois Agricul- 
tijrest, which is the publication handled by the students in agriculture; and The 



i'jdrT©*qv?3 njc A^' 






,063X ,«tt,. 



''■■"'■' "'■'.' 'duufloo-'. 






•>-fi;\«> jf'^fl^*' 






rxit cw ix&Bflso Birf^ x--: 






•iy!!r>') '^f!'?:.i:f 






>l:xfc? ^otx; 



845 
Illinois Technograph, which is tho student publication in engineering and which is 

described in some detail in a later chapter in this publication. 

The advantages of such student publicatioas consist, in addition to supplying 

news, professional, social, and other items of interest to the University ccmciunity, 

in providing an opportunity for students to express opinion regarding University 

and other policies and to gain experience in the preparing and editing of articles 

for publication and in managing and directing the publication processes. 

e. MILITARY TRAINING 

General - From the time of tho opening of the University until March 188O, military 

drill occupied a large place in the curricular program. All male students were 

required to register in classes for one hour a day for three days a week during theij; 

entire four years, -the exercises including many special and extra exhibitions for 

visitors. The uniforms were of gray cloth such as those worn as West Point. The 

trousers had a broad, black stripe down the leg. The coat was a single -breasted 

frock buttoned to the chin, and was provided with a standing collar and cord loops 

on the shoulders. The vest likewise was buttoned to the chin and had a standing 

collar. The buttons were gilt, nedalion stylo, and had a sheaf of ■v^caf surrounded 

with the words "Illinois Industrial University". The cap was of dark blue cloth, 

had vertical sides, a flat top, a narrow heavy visor, and bore in front the initials 

I. I. U. surrovmded by a silver wreath. The uniforms were quite snappy--whon new. 

Tlie students were required to wear the cap all of tho time, and many wore the uni- 

1 
forms continuously. 

In March, I88O, tho cpjdet uniforms were changed from gray to blue. After 
that time, military drill and tactics wore required only of freshmen and sophomore 
men students, -advanced military instruction and practice being thereafter optional 
for Juniors add seniors, from which classes the commissioned officers wore selected.. 
After September, I89I, only two hours a woek were required in the basic; training 
course . 

This two-year basic coutbo is otlll required of all physically-fit men 



1. The cost price of tho coat and pants was from $25 to $30* ox\&. of tho cap, $2.50- 



'/■'. ■ ■"■ ■ ■" • ' ■■ '■■■'■■ "^'^'fii^n't-i^Oi. r: . 
. -j : .-r.- • ■ • , , _ 

■■'■■ ■" .' i^a 'ijjcri-' -T. •• 






acnDt 



■Qk6 
students, v/ith "but few exceptions, v;hother or not they intend to grpiLur'.ta. The 

training includes one hour of prepared recitation work and two hours of drill a 
week for wkich tho students receive one credit-hour a semester. 

In 19^2-il-3, there wore six rmits of tho Rooorvo Officers' Training Corps 
at tho University, orgr-xizcd under tho N-'-tional Dofenso Acts of Congress of June 
3, 1916, Piii± Juno kf 1920, Foid established here hotween I919 ?Jid 1921. The Corps 
of Cadets consisted of an Infr^ntiy' Battalion, -tv/c Field Artillery regiments, a 

Cavaliy rogimont, an Engineers' regiment, a Signal Corps Battalion, ?jad a Coast 

Guard 

/regiment. Within the limits of availahlo facilitios, a student was free to choose 

any hranch for which his aptitude and curriculum fitted him. The courses covered 
four consecutive years of work, -the "basic, two-yaar courses and the advanced two- 
year courses. The "basic courses required throe hours a week, as previously stated, - 
dno of prepared recitation work and two of drill. Any student who cociploted the 
"basic course could, upon approval of the proper authorities, elect the advanced 
training course, which required five hours a week, -throe of prepared recitation 
work and two of drill. For this they received 1 I/2 hours of credit a semester 
which counted towards graduation. This advanced course had the further require- 
OBjit that a student had to attend a military camp for a six-weeks' period during 
the summer, prefera"bly "between the junior and senior years. All students who chose 
such adscanced training had to pledge theuiselves with the Federal Government that 
they would complete the course as prerequisite for graduation. As part coiapensation, 
tai'ey received pay for the time they attended school and the summer camp. Students 
who completed the "basic courses were eligi"ble for appointment as sargeants in the 
Enlisted Eeserve Corps of the U. S. Array, and those who completed the advanced 
courses satisfactorily and attended the summer camp were :eligi'ble to receive com- 
missions as second lieutenants In tho Officers' Reserve Corps of the U. S. Army. 
An emergency program for training engineers and other specialists for the Army and 
Navy for service in World War II was instittitod in 19'+3, as previously descri^bed. 
The work was restored to R.O.T.C. status, however, in the fall of 19^5 after the 
war was ended. 

In addition to providing training for a supply of young men for service with 



,3u.m' 






8i;7 
the armed forces to meot whatevor contingency may aris©, military drill offers the 
advantage of imposing discipline and of developing certain types of leadership 
among students who hold consideraljlo promise of successful achievement in the lines 
of their chosen professions. 

f . NAVAL RESERVE OFFICliES? TRAINING CORPS 
General . -On November 1, 19'^5, a Naval Reserve Officers' Training Corps Unit was 
estahlished here, its purpose "being to provide Jon instructional program for the 
training of candidates for general deck and engineering service as line officers 
in the U. S. Naval Reserves and for commissioned line officers in the regular Navy. 
Ctirricula wore organized in three colleges, -Liberal Arts and Sciences, Commerce, 
and Engineering. The following arrangament irif courses loading to the degree of 
B. S. in Naval Science in the College of Engineering was approved as the basic 
HROTC otrrriculum for all departments in the College, the requirements being that 
the students maintaifl the same "".ovel of scholastic pei^ormance that students in 
other departments of the College now observe in order to receive the baccalaureate 
degree. 



.. .. ..■.^ .- .. . ..... ::-v iy^ipfim^, * -^K' • ■ ,.. laa.siAVfiw . .:t 



I ... litj... Biiivhjit&a .iiffJ^.. j^riff^^o^x 



8i+8 



CURRICULUM IN NAVAL SCIMCE IN THE COLL'BGE OF ENGINEERING 
(Degree: B. S. in Naval Science) 

1 



First Semester 



Sut.lect ; 

NS 1 

G.E.D. 1 or Ij- 

Math. 2 

Math, k 

Rhetoric 1 

Hygiene 

P. E. 



NS 2 
Chen, h 
Math. 7 

Physics la & 3a 
P. E. 



NS 3 

NS k 

TAM 2 

TAM 3 or Dept. Prescription 

TAM:,63 or Dept. PreBcriJ)tion 

Language 

P. E. 



FIRST YMR 
Hours Subject: 



Second Semester 



3 
k 
3 
2 
3 
2 
1 



NS 1 

Chem. 2 or 3 
G. E. D. 2 
Math. 6a 
Rhetoric 2 
P. E. 



SECOND YEAR 



NS 2 
Math. 9 

Physics Ih & 31? 
TAM 1 
Speech 1 
P. E. 



THIRD YEAR 



3 

3 

3 
3 
1 
h 
1 
IT 



NS 3 

NS I^ 

Language 

Dept. Prescriptic 

P. E. 



Hours 

3 

3 or 1) 

h 

h 

3 

1 

18 or 19 



17 



FOURTH YEAR 



NS 5 

NS 6 

Foundations of National Power 

Written ^jglleh 

Dept. Prescriptions 

P. E. 



NS 5 

NS 6 

Foundations of National Power 

Dept. Prescriptions 

P. E. 



19 



3 

3 
3 
8 or 9 

1 

18 or 19 



TOTAL - lk3 to 11+5 hours 

The degree of B. S. in the field of specialization which the students have 

selected in the NROTC uurrioulum shall he granted "by the College of Engineering 

upon the completion of a fifth year of fully prescribed work in any department 

of the Colle ge within the quality requirements specified for the degree in all 
1. Students entering this oiirrlculum deficient in high school mathematics must 
attend the summer eesslon immediately following their freshman year and complete 
the requirements of that year. 



>.acv. ssTsfHis-i: T 



8^ 

departments of the College provided the students have completed all requirements 
of the NROTC curriculum including courses designated "by the Department under the 
heading of Department Proscriptions. 

Administrative headquarters of the 1IR0IC coco located in the old Mathews Avenue 
Power Plant Building, a portion of which was remodelled for the purpose. Appropri- 
ate equipment including a modern 5-inch gun, anticraft 20-mm. guns, torpedoes, and 
a bridge of a small escort ship have "been provided. 

g. ORGANIZED ATHLETICS 
General -For the first ten years, there was practically no organized athletics, 
except voluntary gymnasium practice by a few students in the Armory after the com- 
pletion in 1871 of the Mechanical Building and Drill Hall. There wore scarcely 
ever even arxy lErpronrptu hall games. Athletics did "begin to assume something of its 
modern aspect, however, with the formation of the Athletic Association in l883, 
the first intercollegiate "basehall game occurred "between the University and Illinois 
College in the fall of I89O, and athletics "begaii: to attain real prominence in 
University life, then when a gymnasiun Instructor and athletic coach was employed, -- 
the first football 0i3:con''.boing formed that year, playing its first intercollegiate 
game with Purdue University. The Athletic Association leased from the University 
that portion of the campus north of White Street for an athletic park and playground, 
and in I891, it received permission to enclose the plat, -about four hundred i'eet 
square, -with a seven-foot board fence and to build a grandstand and running track, 
the University furnishing a small appropriation for the purpose. New apparatus 
was bought for the gymnasium with money raised by the students through subscriptions 
and entertainments. 

The name of the outdoor playground was changed from Athlatlc Park to Illindis 
Field in 1896, when the field was considerably en].arged and improved. The running 
track was extended at that time so as to be a full third of a mile in length and 
remained so until I909, vhen it was remodelled to become a quarter-mile track in 
order to allow the start and finish of races to come directly in front of the foot- 
ball bleachers. On March 12, I907, the Board of Trustees gave permission to build 



ho^asoS'--^iss 



UlS-K-. 



850 

a now tapei^l^ gra.iijieteui^:.on-^ Illinois Field. 

Prom this oarly beginning, regular schedxiles of Interscholastic oontesta 
in "both major emd minor sports and extensive programs of intramural eind recreational 
events for "both men and women have "been introduced throughout the years for the 
purpose of developing the physical and mental faculties of students supp]-ementary 
to their regular classroom aasignnents. Facilities for recreation to keep pace 
with these schedules and programs have "been -provided on the campus from year to year 
until at the present time (19^5); there is a foothall grounds and a splondid Memorial 
Stadium that has a oapacity of 70 000 spectators; . a hasehall diamond located on 
Illinois Field; an icer'skating rink open from Octohor through the winter months; the 
George Huff Gymnasium; the men' s old gymnasium and gymnasium annex; the woman* s 
gymnasimn; numerous tennis, handball, volleyball, and squash courtB; Intramural play 
grounds; polo grounds; and a golf course. 

The University "becoxie a member of the Big Ten Conference when it was or- 
ganized in 1896, and has continued its connection with it to date. This association 
has served as a means for the scheduling of intercollegiate athletic events with 
neighboring schools, thereby fostering more frieiidly relationships with these insti- 
tutions, and for the development of higher standards of athletics among the secondary 
schools of this region: 



1. "Intercollegiate athletics, intramural sports, and other athletic activities for 
men in the University are adminlstorod by the Athletic Association which has been 
under faculty control since I891. Under its by-laws as amended in 1939, its board 
of directors consists of seven members, who are appointed exinually by the Trustees 
of the University on recommendation bf the President of the University. Four 
directors are members of the faculty, and three are non-faculty members of the Alumni 
Association. The officers of the Association consist of a president, vice-president, 
and secretary, who are elected annually by the directors from their own membership, 
and a treasurer and a business manager, who are also elected by the directors. 

"The funds of the Athletic Association are handled under regulations adopted by 
the Trustees of the University, and an annual budget of anticipated income and ex- 
penditures is submitted to the Trustees for approval. Sales of ticktts for athletic 
events are audited by a representative of the Coiriptroller of the University, and an 
annual audit of the accounts of the Association is made by a public accountant 
approved by the Trustees." 
From 19'+2-U3 issue of the Annual Register. 



...;..-■{■••. 



851 
gbe-lRterscholastic Track Meet . -Of the numerous activities in vhlch many of the 
students have a part, prohahly the one most Iniportant to the progress of the insti- 
tution is the Interscholastic Athletic Meet hold since I893 at the end of a week 
ahout the middle of May, in which the students of the University through the Athletic 
Association, act as host to the pupils of the high schools of the State. Kormally, 
most of the visiting high-school pupils are entertained "by the University students 
in their fraternity, sorority, and "boarding houses, -the number lodged in single 
fratemity^hotiBQB.^bping almost heyond holief . In later yeors, from 120 to 1*^0 
schools have "been represented "by from TOO to 8OO contestants; and as each local 
champion is accompanied hy several of his friends and schoolmates, the number to 
he entertained taxes the capacity of the community, "but the students' organizations 
are such that the emergency is always mot. This event has heen very effective in 
advertising the University to the high-school pupils and their friends. 
The State Basketball Tournament . -Another event that has drawn a number of high- 
school visitors to the cauipus is the State Basketball Tournament held each year 
about the middle of March after the sectional tournaments have been completed. 
These groups of young guests have been handled like those coming to the Inter- 
scholastic Track Meets and their visits have served about the same purpose so far 
as the University is concerned. 

h. STUDMT ORGANIZATIONS AND ASSOCIATIONS 
The Illinois Industrial University Teloffl'aphic Association . -In l&Jk, there was organ- 
ized among the students an, asBOciation known as the Illinois Industrial University 
Telegraphic Association, devoted to the study and practice of the new art of 
telegraphy. There were twenty-five instruments on the line, and the central office 
^ was open all hours of the day for practice. The first annual banquet of the Associ- 
ation was held on November 26, 187!^. 

The Circular and Catalogue of l87if-75 stated: "That in connection with 
the Military Department, there is a Telegraph office in the new University Building, 
with accommodations for learners and connections with the Mechanical and Military 
Building, the Dormi.tory, and several private houses, making about tJiree miles of 



l-i'/SpUi" 



■sy'f!i^,,al^.. 



■ •■ ■ 852 
Telegraph lines. The students form an association or class, and the nenbers join 
the University main line, using their ovn instrunents in their rooms. The class 
appoints their own officers, inspectors, etc., and pay a small contribution for 
maintenance, "batteries, etc. At present there are twenty-seven instruments on the 
line." 

There is no record as to hov long this organization lasted, hut it is 
safe to assume that if it vae in existence when the University changed its nsxie, 
it became inactive long "before amateur radio come into "being to serve a similar pur^ 
pose. 

Literary Societies . -It is evident that the University recognized from the "beginning 
the values that would "be derived from student associations that could provide for 
literary and forensic activities as well as fellowship and comradeship among those 
prompted "by the some or similar purposes and incentives, for in March, I869, Regent 
Gregory "organized two literary- societies and assigned every student to one or the 
other "by reading the roll in chapel with the statement that the even-numbered stu- 
dents were assigned to Philomathean and the odd-num"bered to Adelphic. Whereupon, 
the societies "began to develop widely different characteristics and aims, to meet 
in Intense rivalry, and to "be, for a quarter of a century, the most potent Influence 
in the social life of the students." 

After University Hall was coapleted in I873, these two literary organi- 
zations had their own quarters on the top floor of that "building, -Adelphic Hall 
"being f onnaljy dedicated on December 19, 1873, and Phllomo,thean Hall, on March 7, 
1874, with addresses on "both occasions "by Regent Gregory. 

These two men's socieitles, and later also Alethenai, the women's organi- 
zation, which was formed in I87I, for women had "been admitted to the University in 
the fall of 1870, met weekly and afforded valua'ble practice In writing, pu"bllc 
speaking, and de"batlng, although the members had no help or criticism from their 
instructors. The Union Meetings of these societies, held once each term, during 
these early years, wore ii:5)ortant events In student life. Even though a "boy never 



1. Historical Sketch, The Alumni Record, University of Illinois, I918, page XI. 



853 

took a you3ig lady student to church on Sunday evening, or ovon walked dovn town 
with her as ehe wont hone in the afternoon, or spoke to her in clascroom or lalsor- 
atory, it was the written law that each mecibar of the nen' s literary soclotieB 
should "take a girl to Union Meeting," and the event was always dramatic — sometimes 
a tragedy, sonetimes a comedy. During the second decade, "those literary societies 
continued their activities, hut were a much less prominent factor in University life 
than in the first decade. A nunhor of other literary societies were afterwards es- 
tahliohed, one or two for men and the rest for women; "but other associations for 
"both nen and women cane along later which so ahsorhed the attention and interests 
of the student hody that hy 19i^0 all such societies had hecome inactive. 
The Star Course . -The Star Lecture CoiU'se, now Imown as The Star Course, was organized 
hy the Adelphic and Philonathean Literary Societies in I891, to furnish literary, 
dramatic, lectvire, and musical entertainments to the University community. It 
functioned for forty years under their supervision, until March, 1931, when its 
work was taken over "by the University Concert and Entertainment Board, i non-prof it 
organization created to supervise and conduct all concerts and |)uhlic entertainments 
(except social functions) given in University "buildings hy professional artists 
for which admission is charged. There are generally six nunhers provided through 
the covirse each year hy persons chosen from the world's outstanding professional 
artists and groups. The events have hoen held in the University Auditorium since 
that huilding was completed in I908, except in a few special cases when it wb.s 
necessary to use the George Huff Gymnasium or one of the Champaign theaters. The 
management of this activity has performed a most valuahlo and comnendahle service 
in hrlnging to the University community a host of distinguished talent rated as 
I the host in this and other lands. 

Intercollegiate Debating . -Early in the first decade there was organized among the 
students an Intercollegiate Oratorical Association which held annual contests 
successively at different colleges of the State. Later, as those activities in- 
creased, an Inter-State Oratorical Association was organized. It is interesting 
to note that in I888-89 an engineering student, John V. Schaefer, a mechanical 






•vAt- ^:aR> i?.'azi"m^ 



engineering senior, won firet prize in the former organization and third in the 
latter It is more remarkable in that at that time none of the engineering students 
had any regular instruction in rhetoric or aiglish, although many of them took an 
active part in the work of the two men's literary societies. However, as the soci- 
eties had no expert critic, the benefit from such work depended mainly upon the • 
student himself; and apparently earnest efforts put forth in this work by some stu- 
dents only more firmly fixed unfortunate pecularities of composition or speech. 
When first organized, the oratorical associations attracted some attention from the 
f.tudent body, but never deeply stirred more than a few; and early in the '90's, when 
attention turned to organized athletics, interest in oratory waned somewhat and 
finally both organizations became dormant. 

Interest was soon revived, however, for during the 1900' b there were 
formed a number of debating organizations, among which were the Central Debating 
Circle of America composed of Illinois, Iowa, Minnesota, Nebraska, aftd Wisconsin; 
the State University Debating League composed of Illinois, Indiana, and Ohio; and 
the Northern Oratorical League comprised of Northwestern, Oberlin College, Illinois, 
Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, and Wisconsin. By 1915, the first two of these had 
given way to two others known as the I.M.I. Debating League representing Illinois, 
Minnesota, and Iowa; and the Midwest Debating League representing Illinois, Michiga. ; 
and Wlsconain. 

These two groups combined their interests, however, for the records show 
that in 1928, the University became a member of the Midwest Conference Debate League, 
an organization which represented the Big Nine Conference schools in this section 
and which since being Joined by the University of Chicago has been known as the 
^ Western Conference Debate League. Through this association, the University engages 
in a considerable, number of intercollegiate debates a year, its teams for which 
are chosen in competitive preliminary Inter- squad debates hero on the campus. For 
some time after this League was organized, each school debated with four other 
schools each year and it took two years to make a complete cycle. Later, however, 
the practice was changed so that now each university debates with all of the others 



■ 855 
in the group at some time during each school year. 

Intramural Debating . For the last several years, there has "been scheduled on the 
caarpuB here during the second semester a series of intramural dehatos open to all 
undergraduates except momhers of the intercollegiate teams. Some of these in which 
engineers participated are described In a later chapter. 

The value to the students taking part in such extracur^'icular activities, 
lies In their opportunities for training in mental agility and in the use of the 
written and spoken word, and for creating a greater interest in college. University, 
and student affairs. 

The Men' s and Woman' s Leagues ■ -The Men's League, formed about 19^0, functioned ;xb 
the service organization for all men students on the Urbana Ccimpue. Its objectives 
were to promote school spirit and loyalty, to direct general activities, and to ad- 
vance the interests and welfare of men students. Its two conrponont parts were the 
Interfraternity Council and the Men's Independent Ward Asaociaticn), • which arc 'do- 
scribed briefly in following paragraphs. The Woman's League, although established 
much earlier than the Men's, was organized for the same general purpose aa the Men's, 
and supervised the affairs of the'-Pan-Hellenic Council, the Women's Group System, 
and the Residence Government System. The Leagues sponsored many entertainment and 
social events such as stunt shows, all -University sings, dances, homecomings, dads' 
days and mothers' days, and recreationa]. tournaments. In 19^2, the activities of 
both Leagues were merged into the Student Activities Division of the Illini Union. 
The Interfraternity and the Pan-Hellenic CouncilB . -The Interfraternity Council and 
Pan-Hollenic Council are self-governing bodies made up of representatives of Greek- 
Letter social orgailzations for men and women respectively that supervise the gen- 
Ik eral University policioo and other affairs of these or,ganizationo, subject, of 
course, to University regulations and administration. 

Men's Independent Ward Agsociation . -University regula,tions permit groups of five 
or more men with .an approved housemothor to organize into the Men's House Plan to 
promote fellowship, scholarship, improved living and studying conditions, intramural 
sports, social recreation, and appreciation of moral and social standards, the Plan 



•; t-r;!' .:• ,!. ■\f^^:^■:!u ■:;.: 



"ld'''fr:3fM^'#i' 



tl^j^'iied-- 






856 
serving somewhat the same purpose for indepondont men that fraternities do for the 
Greek-letter men. In 19^0, there were almost eighty independent houses under this 
House Plan, a system maintained hy the Men' s Independent Ward Association, or as it 
was known then as the Men's Independent District Association. 

Women's Group System . -Women students in the University are permitted to organize 
under about the some conditions as those provided for men. In 19^0, there were al- 
most fifty estahliahed houses operating under a plan known as the Women's Group 
System. This arrangement attempts to provide for independent women students the 
advantages that sororities "bring to Greek-letter women. The System was originated 
hero on the campus and has made ouch an excellent record for itself in the field 
of self-government for its group, that other universities are looking to it as 
a model in establishing their oim organizations. 

Yovmg Men's Christian Association . -The Young Men's Chrigtian Association, or Y.M.C.A., 
or "Y", as it is generally known, an undenominational religious orgdihization of 
University students and faculty members, provided for the purpose of instilling into 
the minda of its members those Christian ideals that arc essential to real loader- 
ship and success, was established here in February, I873, Ira 0. Baker being one 
of the charter members. The first home of the Association was in a small recita- 
tion room in old University Building which stood on what is now Illinois Field. 
After some months, the organization was given the use of Adelphlc Society room in 
that same building. Later, it had its own room there. After the building was 
destroyed by the tornado of I88O, the Y.M.C.A. found quarters on the top floor of 
the old Chemistry Building (now Harkor Hall); and in the spring of I883, moved to 
a room on the top floor of University Hall. In 1884, the Association issued its 
1^ first freshman handbook, -a practice it has maintained to date. In 1895^ it moved 
to the second floor of University Hall into a room that was located immediately 
esgt of the main entrance. The organization bought a piece of residential property 
on the southwest corner of John and Wright Streets in 1899, and designate d the 
house as the "Association House", for it was the headquarters of both the Y.M.C.A. 
ond the Y.W.C.A. In I9O3-OJ+, the Y.M.C.A. bought a lot at the northwest corner of 



John and Wright Streets immediately north of the Association House and laid plans 
to erect a new building. The cornerstone of the new structure was laid on June 11, 
1907, "by President W. L. Abtott of the University Board of Trustees. The tuilding 
was completed early in I908 and was dedicated on October k following. This was 
used for Y.M.C.A. purposes until 1917, when the "building was turned over to the 
Federal Government for service in ground training hy the School of Military Aeron- 
autics, the Y.M.C.A. transferring to the residence of President Emeritus James, - 
the present Health Station north of Green Street. After the armistice, the organ- 
ization moved to the Student Army Training Corps hut at the southwest comer of 
Wright and Green Streets. When fire destroyed this tuildlng in 1923, the Association 
took up temporary quarters on the main floor of the Illinois Union Building. In 
1928, the Association moved into a residence formerly occupied "by Professor Hopkins 
at the southwest corner of Wright and Chalmers Street, -its present site. It re- 
modelled the residence, added some rooms to the 'building, and remained there until 
1937, when it was ahle to erect the present structure — a three-story colcnial 
huildlng corresponding in architectural treatment to the nelghhoring 'buildings on 
the University campus. 

The Y.M.C.A. provides a religious and social center for students, holds 
religious meetings regularly throughout the school year, and sponsors fellowship and 
social meeti-ings from time for student and faculty groups. It sponsors, too, a series 
of Fireside Forums or discussion group meetings on vital topics of interest to the 
University community, in fraternity and independent rooming houses. It holds a one- 
week camp conference at Camp Seymour near Decatur, Illinois, for freshmen men "before 
the opening of each school year where new students find an opportunity to meet 
I classmates, campus leaders, and faculty members. The topics discussed at the camp 
include fraternity rushing, registration, the choice of a ciurrlculum of study, 
employment, campus activities, chvirches, scholarship, and University life in general. 
The Y.M.C.A. offers a clearing service for student rooming houses and student em- 
ployment "by maintaining a complete directory of availa'ble rooms and jobs in the 
University community. 



858 
Young Women' a Chrletlan Aseoclatlon. --The Young Women's Christian Association, or 
Y. W. C. A., ;.B it is commonly known, camo to the campus shortly after the Y.M; C. A. 
and offers ahout the same service to vomon students of the University that the 
Y. M. C. A. does to men. Since l899, the group has occupied property at the south- 
west corner of Wright and Jolin Streets in ChaBipaign, first in a remodelled residence 
and later in its present quarters, -the gift of the Honorable William B. McKinloy, 
the utility magnate, and U. S. Senator from Illinois -aad known for some time as the 
Hannah McKinley Building and nov as McKlnley Hall, a structure that not only provides 
facilities for religious and social services, but also dormitory quarters for sixty 
women. 

Social Fraternities .- Oreek-lettor social fraternities were "banned from the 
University until September, I89I. After the ban was lifted, the organizations, began 
to establish themselves in the campus community and to take an active part in the 
student life of the University . The number gradually increased throtHghout the years 
until in 19^^-2, there wore about sixty groups housing approximately 2 5OO students 
in the University coimnunity. All of these are national organizations with chaptoro 

extending throughoi^t tho nation. 

Each fraternity administers its ovm internal affairs under superyis.ion 

of the Dean of Men and the Interfraternity Council composed of two representatives 
from each of the several groups* Each has its own alumni board, most of them have 
faculty advisors, and many of them have resident tutors who act as scholarship 
advisors. ' While they have had their difficulties, most of the organizations 
have served a wholesome purpose by providing comfortable homes for their nemberc, 

by fostering close and lasting friendships among Individual groups, by encouraging 

superior scholarship, by sponBoring Judicious participation in extracurricular 

\ activities, and by developing the highest typo of loyalty to the University. 

Social Sororities . -Each sorority on the campus administers its own internal affairs 

under the general direction of the Dean of Women and the Pcji-Hollenic Council and 

under the immediate supervision of an alumiia or other committoo and a chaperon. In 

19^2, there ver e about twenty-f ivo social sorority chapters in the University, most 
1- Your First Year at Illinois", 19^2, page 37- 



859 
of them representing national aDBOclationo . Theao groupD mr-lntaln their ovn chapter 
houses, each of vhich serves at once as home and study and social center. In 
addition to promoting scholarship, these organizations encourage participation in 
such curricular activities as the students are ahle to carry vithout detriment to 
their classroom schedules and obligations, and provide opportunities for social 
training under competent and rosponsitle leadership and direction. 

i. STUDENT SOCIAL EVENTS 
All-UniverBity Claee Dances. -During each school year, the four all -University classes 
arrange to hold their formal dances. The Freshmen Frolic, first held in 1919, 
generally comes somewhere in the first semester.. The Sophomore Cotillion, given 
for the first time on May 3, I895, ordinarily comes near the end of the first semes- 
ter or some time during the early -part of the second semester. The Junior Promenade, 
or Junior '^rom as it is commonly knovm, was first given on February 5, I89I1, and 
usually occurs late in the first semester or early in the second semester. The 
Senior Ball, instituted in I886, comes toward the end of the scholastic year, 
usually about the last of May, and is generally scheduled as one of the events of 
Senior Week during the commencement period. 

These functions have been so popular and so largely attended that it has 

1 
been necessary to schedule them in the largest halls available on the campus. For 

some years after I89O, these affairs were held in the old Armory on Springfield 
Avenue. Then, when the men's new gymnasium (renamed the George Huff Gymnasium in 
1937) was constru.cted in 1925-26, the events were scheduled there, and have, for 
the most part, been held there ever since. 

The students have always taken a great deal of pride in -preparing for 
I these events by engaging high-grade talent for the musical and entertainment feat- 
ures and by providing attractive decorations to make the settings more impressive. 
The University has always encouraged a reasonable participation in such wholesome 
events carried on under proper sut)erviBion, and has regarded them as prerequisite 

to a hi gh st andard of morale among the members of the student body. 
l.in 19^, eleven hundred couples attended the Senior Ball. 



g6o 

1 

Mil itary Hops. President Draper had a marked influence ution the social life of the 
students. Early in his administration, he putllcly announced that he thought the 
students did not have enough social opportunities. In I896, he arranggdfor military 
hops in the armory each alternate Saturday afternoon, and put the management of these 
affairs in the hands of the Military Commandant, \^ho committed the details to the 
student officers of the regiment. These affairs were very successful and afforded 
agreeahle opportunities for the young men and women to meet under wholesome surround- 
ings. The military hops were continued until the rapidly-increasing numher of frater- 
nities and sororities with their many social functions made any general University 
social gathering less necessary. The military hope wore open to all memhers of 
the regiment; hut the fraternity and sorority functions that in a sense ultimately 
came to take their places included only members of those organizations, and hence 
did not serve the young men vrtio -vrere not members of a fraternity. 
The Military Ball. -The Military Boll, an annual event since I898, given at first 
under the auspices of the Military Ball Committee and later under the student 
Military Council, the governing hody of the Reserve Officers Training Corps, is so 
largely attended that its events have been scheduled in a University armory or 
gymnasium. It is a formal affair, -the attendants wearing for the most part military 
uniforms, but in a few cases civilien evening dress. For a number of years, the 
Bell was scheduled for the Friday night of the week in which Washington' s birthday 
came, but in recent years, it has been held on an evening later in the semester. 
The event is usually staged with stifficient military decorations or appliances 
to give it a decidedly military air. 

O ther Social Events. -In addition to those previously mentioned, a number of other 
all-University student dances are scheduled throughout the academic year, included 
among which are the interfraternity dance, independent informal, and registration 
dances. Since the opening of the Illlnl Union Building, some organization schedules 
a dance in the Union Ball Boom or in the Commons on nearly every week end during the 



1. Under President Ilraper's influence and example, the dress suit, practically 
unknown in canipus affairs vintil his day, became common in faculty and student 
S'^clal functions. 



8l6l 
school year. Bee idee these, there are numbers of other functions of which mixers, 
frolics, women's teas. Homecoming, and Dads' Day eind Mothers' Day events are t3rpical. 
Of late years, the students attending the summer session have hecome more active 
socially, culminating their activities in the Summer Prom. 

B. STUDENT ENGINEH?IKG AND SCIENTIFIC CLUBS INCLUDING STUDENT CH/IPTERS OF 
NATIONAL MGINEERING SOCIETIES 

General . -In the belief that extracurricular activities and associatons are potent 

factors in the develoiDment of the well -trained engineer, the College of Engineering 

has always fostered nvimerous organizations and enterprises which have furnished 

opportunity for the students to emiploy any extra time and energy not demanded hy the 

strictly academic requirements of their curricula, in wholesome constructive effort. 

In line with this policy, there are in the College a numher of student professional 

societies and clubs devoted to the treatment and discussion of extracurricular 

problems of a literary, scientific, or technical nature, aiix Hilary to the work of 

the various departments and for which the regular instructional programs cannot allot 

time for consideration. Several of these aBsoclatons have become affiliated with 

national engineering societies as branches or chapters of a parent organization. 

These are managed largely by the students themselves; and furnish an opportunity for 

stimulating greater scholastic interest in their academic work and promoting a 

spirit of professional consciousness through programs featuring lectures or talks 

by practicing engineers, papers and discussions by student members, or movies of 

some engineering project, and provide a normal approach to membership in the parent 

society itself following graduation. These organizations are described briefly in 

the next few pages. 

a. ALL- ENGINEERING SOCIETIES 

Student Branch of the American Association of Engineers . -The Student Branch of the 

American Association of Engineers I'faB organized on the campus in 1919-20. The 

membership was between 200 and 250, and included facvilty as well as students in all 

de-oartments of the College of Engineering. The local chapter, like that of the 

national association, had as its purpose "to raise the standards of ethics of the 

engineering profession and to promote the economic and social welfare of engineers" . 



'■^fi^fsl :^i-v- .jcito" 



? : ■'.''?"■ -r 



The ABSoclatlon held many scientific and social meetings In the earlj years 
of its organization, "but 'beceune inactive about 1923 and was never rejuvenated. 
b. DEPARTMMTAL TECHNICAL SOCIETIES 
1. Civil Engineering 
The Civil Engineers' Club. -On January 8, I883, the Civil Engineers' Club vas organ- 
ized as an association of imdergraduate students interested in the field of civil 
engineering. It was intended to serve the four-fold purpose of providing the oppor- 
tunity for students to meet vith the faculty outside of the classroom, to prepare 
papers and discuss them in open meetings, to acquaint its members with the practical 
phases of civil -engineering work, and to develop in them a professional spirit. 

At first the Club met monthly, but later it met bi-veekly, as for example 
in 1891-92 it met on the first and third Saturday evenings of each month in the Club 
room in the Chemistry Building (now Harker Hall) . Still later, as in 1907-O8, it 
met weekly, for a circular of information regarding the College of Engineering, issued 
in June, I908, contained the following statement: "The Civil Engineers' Club meets 
every Friday evening for the discussion of topics of engineering interest, by members 
of the club or by practicing engineers. Students in civil or municipal and sanitary 
engineering are eligible to active membership." 

At the early meetings, faculty or student members presented papers prepared 
by them for the occasion on some topic of current Interest along engineering lines. 
The most outstanding of these papers were printed in I886-87 in a volume entitled 
"Selected Papers of the Civil Engineers' Club". This practice was continued for 
the next three years and these four volimes became the first four of the current 
Illinois Teohno^aph series, lixe entire expense of publication was borne by 
students and the advertisers. Many of these articles in these early volumes were 
mentioned in the engineering journals and not a few were reprinted in the technical 
press. The civil engineering students of that day were very proud of the publication. 

The proceedings of the Club began to change somewhat about 190O, however, 
when the organization, Instead of having its programs consist largely of papers 
prepared and read by its own members, began to Invite speakers of note to address 



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"•'Ci^,^'iii\yij(!^ . *'■ 



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■g63 
it on some phase of engineering development. During 1907-08, for example, seven 

persons representing as many different intoreets, spoke before the Club on problems 
relating to their chosen vork. As early as 1911, practically all programs consisted 
of talks or lectures by outside speakers. In some ways, this was an unfortunate 
turn, for the training acquired in preparing papers and participating in discussions 
seirved a very useful purpose besides affording knowledge in some particular field 
of engineering practice. The change was due, in part, no doubt, to the crowded 
condition of the curriculum and to the growing importance given to social and 
athletic events. The Club continued an active existence, even though it changed 
its program policy, until the early part of 191^-15> when its name was changed to 
Civil Engineers' Society. The name was again changed in 1921, when it became the 
Student Chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineers. Some consideration of 
the activities of this group is recorded in the following paragraphs. 
Student Chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineer s . -As previously stated 
the Civil Engineers' Club became the Student Chapter of the American Society of 
Civil Engineers in 1951 according to plans formulated by the national organization 
of the American Society of Civil Engineers, whereby each of the recognized engineer- 
ing schools of the country could have a student chapter. This arrangement carried 
provisions for student subscriptions to the 'Proceedings of the parent Society and 
to Civil Engineering, the technical magazine published monthly by the organization. . 
The piurposes of the organization, not essentially different from its predecessor, 
is to present to the student some of the practical problems in the field of civil 
engineering, and to develop in him a professional point of view; to provide for 
and foster a fraternal spirit among the students specializing in civil engineering; 
to familiarize the students with the purposes, functions, parllmentary proceedings, 
and ethics and objectives of his professional engineering society; and to encourage, 
TDromote, and support student publications and the other professional and social 
activities of the College of Engineering. 

The Student Chapter seeks to bring to the students in the University the 
foremost engineers and educators in the United States to speak of their experiences. 



D itwbui 






S6U 
and to expreee their ideas and Idodt at tho meatlr^fs of these young men. In this 

connection, the organization ba» sad* tm «iiatandlng contribution to the IMlverslty'i 
educational program and prestige, for ty Invltine theee men to the canpue, the 
students have profited by the unueual programe, and tha speakers have "been able to 
observe the excellent facilitiee provided by the Uhlverslty for the training of 
the young engineers vhioh must someday be their eucceseors. 

2. Mechanical ESngla^erlng 
The Mechanica l Engi neering S ociety. --The Mechanical Engineering Society vas organ- 
ized on November 8, I883, as an aeeoclatlon of undergraduate students Interested 
In mechanical engineering. It held its meetings monthly at first, but eeml-monthly 
later as for example In I891-92 it met on the second and fourth Saturday evenings 
of each month in the Society rooms In the Chemistry Building (now Barker Hall) . 
The organization united with the Civil Engineers* Club in publishing Volume Wo. 5 
of The Illinois Techiiograph series, --the successor to the Selected Papers previously 
mentioned. 

T he Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Society . -In I891-92, the Mechanical 
Ehglneerlng Society became the Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Society; but 
on March 25, 1901^, the Electrical Engineering Society formed . its own organization; 
and the mechanical engineering students reorganized on October 7, 190I+, to astabllsl 
the Mechanical aigineerlng Society again. 

T he Mechanical Engineering Society a^aln . -As previously noted, after the electrical 
engineering students formed their own association in 190U, the students in mechan- 
ical englnesrlng created an organization of their own called the Mechanical 
Engineering Society, -the same name as previously used. 

The purpose of the Society was to bring speakers of note In the engineer- 
ing profession, either in Industrial or educatioiml work, to the University, and' 
to interest and unite students in some activity outside the classroom. 

A circular of information regarding the College of Engli^eering Issued 
in June 1908, contained the following statement: "ThQ Mechanical Engineering 
Club meets on the second and fou^h Friday evenings of each month. All students 















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jtmAaffrte rinli'tQ \:\^.: ., •;. /'^, '^ ^iocrtuq &fSf 



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865 
pursuing mechanical engineering studies ere eligible to membershit) . Papers relating 
to subjects of interest to memberB are presented and discuesed at each meeting." 
Student Bran c h of the Am er ican Soc iety of Mechanical Engineers. -At the close of the 
school year 1908-O9, a Student Branch of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers 
was formed at the University. The object of the new organization was to read and 
discuss papers presented before the parent society, as they were published in "The 
Journal", - the official organ of the Society. The Mechanical Engineering Society 
and this Student Branch merged during the first part of 1911-12 and kejt the name of 
the latter organization. The new constitution of the Society provided that active 
members should be chosen from the two upper clasBes and that associate members should 
be talcen from the two lower classes. 

Meetings of the Student Branch were held every two weeks in the Mechanical 
Engineering Laboratory. The programs handled by the student officers, included 
talks by student members, faculty members, or outside speajcers. Moving pictures 
also constituted a portion of the program. The Student Branch eponsor«da smoker 
for students and faculty in mechanical engineering at the beginning of each year. 

The purposes of the Student Branch were as follows: to give the student 
some acquaintance with the practical side of the field of mechanical engineering; 
to furnish him with the princi-oal publication of the Society and to keep him in 
touch with engineering progressi to develop the students initiative and ability to 
speak in public, and to familiarize him with the parllmentary procedure and organ- 
ization of learned eocieties; to enable the student to establish fraternal G«oit^-1; 
with his fellow students in engineering and to meet older men actively engaged 

in mechanical-engineering practice; and to permit him to attend as a welcome guest 
the general meetings of the Society. 

In the fall of 1932, the local student branch of the American Society of 

Mechanical Engineers was reorganized in accordance with the new student -branch plan 
which was established by the isarent society, and which was intended to include all 
of the engineering schools of the country.. Under this plan the student, upon pay- 
ment of $3 annual dues to the parent Society, becomes a student member of the 
1. The Technograph, October, 1931> Page I3. 



, - ., ......■■.:■ -' ■ ■ ■'ft-6Qefii 



S66 
f national society, and upon graduation Is automatically transferred to the grade of 
Junior Member, vlth euepension of the first year's dues. In addition, the student 
member receives a sutecrlptlon to Mechanical Engineering for the school year. Under 

this plan the local student "branch is reimhursed to the extent of $25 for legitimate 

) 

expenses of meetings, etc.j and mileage iB paid for on© memher as a delegate to the 

annual meeting. 

In 1932-33, there was organized or estahllshed a.n Annual Midwest Student 
Conference as a new feature of the student -hranch policy, in which students of the ^ 
local hranches should present, in coaipetltlon for prizes, papers of their own 
production. The first Conference was held in Chicago on April 28-29, 1933 ► Others 
have heen held in the years since either in Chicago or at some nolnt nearby, xrtth 
students from midwest engineering schools competing. In 19'<-0, sixteen schools were 
represented. 

3. Architecture 
Architects' Clu h or Arch itectural Club . -The Architects' Club was organized on 
January 23, I891, as an association of undergraduate students in the Department of 
Architecture. At first the Club held its meetings on alternate Saturday forenoons 
in one of the architectural rooms on the top floor of University Hall. The organi- 
zation continued Mth its meetings, for a circular of information regarding the 
activities of the College of Engineering, issued by the University in June, I908, 
contained the following statement. . "The Architects' Club meets once in two weeks 
to consider current topics of architectural interest and subjects connected with the 
study of architectural history. All students pursuing architectural studies are 
eligible to membership. This club is a member of the Architectural League of 

I 



America, and contributes to its annual exhibition in the principal cities of the 



Unites States." 

In 1911-12, the name of the organization was changed to Architectural Club. 

About that time, too, its requirements far membershin were raised, for the 191^ copy 

of the Archl tectxtral Year Book stated that only those students in the Deiiartment of 
1. The Architects' Club became a member of the League about I9O5, being the first 
student local to Join the national society. 



867 
Architecture vhoBo scholarship grades vere 75 per cent or ahove were ellgihle to 

Join. 

Among other activities, the students in the Architectural Cluh puhlish 
and issue aTsout May each year the "Architectural Year Book" . The material in this 
publication represents the student vork of the school year and forms a valuahle 
record of the courses as offered. This group dropped out of the College of Engineer- 
ing when Architecture "became a part of the College of Fine and Applied Arts in 1931' 

k. Electrical Engineering 
Electrical E ngineering Society. -The Electrical Engineering Society "became a distinct 
organization on March 25, 190U, when the Mechanical and Electrical Engineering 
Society dissolved to heccme two separate organizations, as previously stated. The 
Electrical Engineering Society held frequent meetings in which "both faculty members 
and students took an active part. It usually gave an open meeting early in the 
school year to which all students interested in electrical engineering were invited. 
The event generally wound up with refreshments of some BOJ*t, frequently doughnuts 
and cider. The purpose of the organization was to stimulate extra-curricular 
activities among students Interested in electrical engineering. 

A circular of Information regarding the activities of the College of 
Engineering, issued in June, 1908, contained the following statement: "The Electrical 
Engineering Society is a student organization open to any student interested in 
electrical work. Its primary object is to bring together all electrical students for 
the discussion of topics of current interest. The society maintains a technical 
reading room in the electrical laboratory." 

S tudent Branch o f the American In stitute o f Electrical En gineers . -During 1930-31, 
^ the Electrical Engineering Society was disbanded and a new organization was establishei 
as a Student Branch of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers in accordance 
with plans of the national organization to have such a student association in each 
engineering school of recognized standing. As an affiliate of the national organ- 
j ization, the student branch could discuss papers presented at the national meetings 
[ as well as those of their own, thereby affording more attractive and instructive 



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■DrogramB. Besides, in allowing the students to align themselves with their parent 

society, they could learn more of its purposes and objectives, follow its achievements 

with increased interest, and develop a professional spirit that would inspire to 

greater effort in classroom performance. 
I 

5. Ceramic Engineering 

T he Ceramics C lub . - The Ceramics Club, which began in 190?, was the first organiza- 
tion sponsored by students interested in ceramics. Although the enrollmont was 
small, the students In the newly-organized Department of Ceramics saw the need of an 
organization that would promote the spirit of professional brotherhood among the 
members of the group. The Club grew in strength and numbers through the years 
following and contributed through business and professional meetings, smokers, and 
other get-togethers towards the development of a greater interest in this particular 
field. 

The members of the Ceramics Club prepared a petition and presented it to the 

American Ceramic Society at its meeting in Cleveland in I915-I6 to form the "Illinois 

1 
Student Branch of the American Ceramic Society" . The Tjetition was granted and the 

organization was formed as outlined in the following paragrarih. 

Student B ranch of t he Merica n Ceram ic Society. -As previously stated, the Ceramics 

Club was superseded by the Illinois Student Branch of the American Ceramic Society, 

according to plans adopted by the national organization to have a student branch 

in each school of recognized standing that maintained a currlcul\im in ceramics or 

ceramic engineering. This society was formally installed on the evening of 

December 7, 19l6, at the time of the dedication of the Ceramics Building, the 

installation exercises being in charge of L. E. Barrlnger, President of the American 

k Ceramic Society. The Student Branch started with a membership of 25, -all students 

in the Department of Ceramic Engineering. The membership in 1927-28 was 35, while 
in 1931,- it was 72 out of an enrollment of 78 undergraduates in ceramic engineering. 



1. The pumose of forming these student branches in schools offering regular 
cvirricula in Ceramics was intended to stimulate Interest in research and in activi- 
ties of the society. The members of the student branches were not required to pay 
dues to the parent organization, but did have the privilege of purchasing the 
Transactions at the same rate as Associate Members . 



'frft^'f'l'^ ?rc-%}"?'r^*"' 



g69 
The Student Branch eponsore BmokerB and get-togethor meetings for the 
students and staff. It usually holds about ten or twelve meetings a year with 
some programs carried out "by students and some "by faculty members and visitors. 
Many prominent men in industry give talks and addresses at these meetings, while 
some of the sessions include movies portraying some phase of the ceramic industry. 
The outstanding event of the year is the "pig roast", first established in 
Decemlier, 1923, when it was held in the kiln house. In later years the functions 
have heen held in off -campus quarters. For example, it was held on May l8, 1937? 
in the Southern Tea Room \fith about 120 persons attending. The dinners are 
followed by lectures given by men prominent In their particular profession. In 
the spring of 1937, the orgaUiization published a J+O-page year book called "The 
Illinois Ceramist," The publication, continued in one form or other to date, gives 
an interesting account of the activities of the Society and other information re- 
garding the affairs of the department. For example, the Issue appearing in the 
second semester of 1936-37 contained pictures of the February, 1937, and the 
June, 1937, graduates and the candidates for graduation in February, 1938. 
During the years 1936-37 and 1937-38, the students of the Soiiety published a 
weekly called "Raw Materials" , a 8 l/2 Inch by 11 inch typed broadside which good- 
naturedly described the foibles of students and faculty. About 1937-38, the 
organization started the custom of staging a dance for ceramic students called 
"The Ceramic Ruckus" . About 125 couples attended in 1936-37, practically all 
the men being connected with the department in some capacity as members of the 
student body or of the teaching and research staff. 

The prime purpose of the organization is to foster a spirit of brotherhood 
among the students and to bring about closer contacts between students and the 
faculty, studentp of different classes, and students and rirofessional n»n of the 

field. 

6. Mining and Metallurgical Btigineering. 

Mining So ciety. -The Mining Society of the University of Illinois was founded in 
1910 as an affiliated Student Branch of the American Institute of Mining and 
Metallurgical Engineers, adopting as a pin an emblem consisting of a crossed pick 



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gyo 

and hammer. The Society included all atudente in the JDepartmont of Mining Engineer- 
ing and held regular eemi -monthly meetings, -membership "being open to freshmen as 
well as upper classmen. At these meetings, there ware talks "by student memhere, 
hy faculty members, and "by outside speakers. Motion pictures were frequently shown. 
Many of these meetings were held at the home of Professor Stoek while he was Head of 
the Department of Mining Engineering. The membership was small, for the enrollment 
was small, "but practically every man in the department attended the meetings. 
Mineral Industries Society Affiliated with the .American Institute of Mining and 
Metallurgical aigineers .-In IPSS-S**-, the parent organization of the American Institute 
of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers appointed a special committee to consider the 
relationships of its affiliated student societies in the effort to Improve those re- 
lationships and to increase interest and activity among those groups. In the fall 
of 193^-35» the conmiittee presented a standard form of constitution and by-laws for 
all these affiliated societies to adopt, in substance at least, requiring them to 
submit their new constitution and by-laws for approval if they were to have continued 
recognition. The new plan required a faculty sponsor and a field counselor. 

As a result of this action, there was a revival of Interest throughout 
the field when branches began to affiliate and to take on new life. The IlllnolB 
unit Joined the procession, its name being changed from Mining Society to Mineral 
Industries Society so that students registered in metallurgical engineering as well 
as in mining engineering could Join. In 1939-^0, there were 65 men&ers of junior and 
senior grade here. These included both mining and metallvirgical engineering, 
although metallurgical engineering aaw dominated in numbers. 

7. Railway Engineering. 
I Railway Club . -The University of Illinois Railway Club was organized on February 19, 
1912, with student membership In Railway Engineering and in Transportation and 
Railway Traffic and Accomiting in the Department of Economics. This organization 
started with a membership of about forty, and held its first meeting on Saturday 
evening, March 16, 1912, when Dean Goss spoke on the subject of steel car wheels. 
The usual programs in after years Included talks by students, faculty, and outside 









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871 
speakers; and still later quiz programe and moving pictures "became the principal 
features. The organization served to "bring together students registered in the 
various phases of rallvay work and to stimulate their interest in railway pro'blems. 
The Cluh "became dormant within a short time after the Department of Railway Engineer- 
ing was discontinued in 19^0. 

8. General Engineering 
Il llnolB Society of General Engine ers. --The Illinois Society of General Engineers, 
a local association, was esta'blished in 192U "by a group of undergraduate students 
enrolled in the curriculum of General Engineering for the purpose of promoting a 
greater interest in this particular field and of serving in the advancement of the 
extracurricular activities of the College of Engineering. The organization holds a 
number of meetings throughout the academic year with programs featuring addresses 
given "by faculty or outside speakers or papers presented "by student mem"berB of the 
Society. Frequently, the students of this group Join with others within the College 
in scheduling a moving -pictiu^e or other program of general interest to the student 

hody. 

9. Physics 

General . -The American Physical Society has never adopted the plan of estahllshing 
student chapters in the schools and colleges of the country as the professional engin- 
eering groups have done. There is, however, a local organization called the 
Engineering Physics Society that operates here something like student chapters; and 
its work is descri'bed "briefly in the following notes. 

Engineering Physics Society . -The aiglneerlng Physics Society, an imdergraduate assoc- 
iation, was formed in 193O-3I. The aims of the organization as formulated at that 
time were to fill a fraternal need "by allowing the members of the growing student 
group in the new ciirriculum in Engineering Physics to become more closely acquainted 
with one another and the faculty; to hold regular meetings for their educational or 
Instructional value;^nd. Incidentally, to assist in staging the biennial Electrical 
Engineering Show. During normal times, meetings are held throughout the academic 
year with programs featuring addresses by members of the faculty or other guest 






oi^(S--.'Q'Xr 






.^t> 



S72 
speakers, and talks and papers "by the student mainberB themselves. 

10. Agrloiiltural aiglneering 

Student Branch of the American Society of Agrlcitltural Engineer s . - -The Illinois 
Student Branch of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers vas organized in 

1922. Its stated otjectlve is "to promote directly and Indirectly the interests 

of the students in agricultural engineering, particularly as these interests 
relate to their professional advancement and to the parent society." 

Like other student organizations, the Student Branch has taken part in 

many programs of University affairs, some of them "being in hoth the College of 
Engineering and the College of Agriculture. It has "been represented on the Engineer- 
ing Council as well as the Agricultural Council, and has "been interested in the pro- 
grams of the tvo college groups. The organization still active in 19'^5, has held 
regular meetings throughout each academic year since it was first installed, in 
some instances speakers heing "brought in from outside, hut in most instances the 
students themselves carrying on their OMn programs. The student membership of this 
group has assumed responsibility for certain portions of events scheduled in connec- 
tion vlth the Student Engineering Exhibit and the annual meeting of Farm and Home 
Week. During the annual meeting of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 
held here in 1931, the organization contributed a special student agricultural 
engineering booklet called "The Student Agricultural Engineer", a publication of 
about seventy pages, carrying some articles describing particular phases of Unlversit; 
vork, and others presenting problems of special interest to agrlcultvu'al engineers. 

11. AERONAUTICAL MGIWEIRIWG 

Student Branch of the Institute of the Aeronautica l Sciences. --The Student Branch 
of the Institute of the Aeronautical Sciences vas organized at the University here in 
the fall of 19^5, all students taking courses in Aeronautics being eligible for mem- 
bership. The aim of the Institute Is to bring together at its monthly meetings all 
students Interested In this particular field in order to promote closer personal 
relationships betveen those having a comtaon purpose, to afford opportunity for dis- 
cussion and exchange of experience, and to "bring to the campus speakers of note 
engaged in some phase of vork involving the aeronautical sciences. 









■■f: e^V^ '.%-mliti'-f'iLi^fi('/ W^-"-': ■;.- 









873 
Student Membership In Englneerlnf^ Societies . -The memhership of the various engineer- 
ing societies and clubs in 1938" 39 ecs given "by The Technograph were: 
Student Chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineers 172 

Student Branch of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers l60 

Student Branch of the American Institute of Electrical BoglneerB 126 

Student Branch of the American Ceramics Society 70 

Mineral Industries Society 67 

Railway Club 9 

Society of General Engineers 22 

Engineering Physics Society 22 

Student Branch of the American Society of Agricultural ESaglneore 27 

C. HOWOK SCHOLASTIC SOCIEPIES AM) FRATERWITIES 
a. ALL-IMIVIRSITY ORGAKIZATIOKS 
General . -Election of students to memhership in honor scholastic societies and fra- 
ternities affords a means for recognition of their hle^h scholastic attainments and 
leadership, and for association and fellpvship of those having mutual or parallel 
interests; and the possihllity of such election, serves to stimulate certain grades 
of students to strive for higher standards of scholarship and for greater achieve- 
ment In their currlcular and extra-curricular activities. 

There are two main all -University national collegiate honor organizations 
on the campus which ehoose their personnel without discrimination as to depart- 
mental affiliation, to which engineering students are ellglhle for membership, 
viz: Phi Kappa Phi and Phi Eta Sigma. Engineers are also eligible for election 
to another all -University society which limits its membership to those enrolled 
in departments of pure and applied science, viz! Sigma XI. The organizations are 
described briefly in the following sections. 

Phi Kappa Phi .- The Honor Society of ^hi Kappa Phi, founded at the University of 
Maine in l89T, vae installed at the University of Illinois in 1933- It was organ- 

ized foy A^fl dedicated to "the purpose of promoting scholarship among American 
1. September, 1939, page 10 



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college student B. Becognlzlng the equality of all branches of knowledge, it seeks 

to f oetor learning In ooo^jetltlon with numerous attractive and conflicting Interests 

affecting the loodem every-day life of the undergraduate, by offering him memhership 

on an equal "basis with members of the faculty. CUirou^ meetings of the two factors, 

it alms to prcanote good feeling, and high ideetls aaong students in their personal 

college relationships. These meetlzige, it Is hopeA, vlll also help to overcoiae 

1 
the decentralizing tendencies of separate school oofhaBis In the larger Institutions. 

The organization holds two initiations a year, ohooatng its members from the upper 
three per cent of the various schools and colleges oe the Urbana campus. 
Sigma XI . -A chapter of Sigma XI, national honor sciaixtlfic society, established at 
Cornell University in I886, was installed at the TtoHf3rslty of Illinois on May 16, 
I90U. Its membership is made up of such Individuals ©n the faculty as have demon- 
strated their ability to undertake original investigations In problems of pure 
and applied science and of such graduate and undergraloato students as have main- 
tained high scholastic standards and have shown consicturable promise of ability to 
carry on research work. The organization here usuallj- holds six or eight meetings 
throughout the academic year at which some person who las achieved eminence in some 
branch of scientific learning, presents a discussion cxf the problem upon which he 
is personally engaged or a summary of the work in progrfss in his particular field. 
There are generally two initiations a year, both gradua-:e and undergraduate stu- 
dents being eligible for election. Only a limited nunibat of the outstanding members 
of each group, however, are reconmiended for membership bj* the several departments 
authorized to propose nomlivations . 

fhi, Eta I^jgnya. -Phi Eta Sigma, national honorary freshmen society, organized to stim- 
i ulate high scholarship attainment among men students of freotimen grade, in all 

departments of American Uhlversities was founded on the oampuB here on March 22,1923, 
Thomas Arkle Clazlc, Itean of Men, having been the prime raovou in sponsoring the 
association. "His observation led him to conclude that colloge students who 
strive for academic honors - reached by a few li^ their Junlet:- year, but generally 



1. Phi Kappa Phi Journal, March, 1938, page 2. 






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875 
1 
In their last year In college - shoiad have recognltibn "before that time." The 

Boclety la strictly honorary, those etudente helng ellglhle for ineiaberBhlp vho 

have scholastic averages either of 1^.5 for the first semester of the freshman year 

2 
or of If. 5 for the entire year. The engineers have usually had their full quota In 

meniberBhlp In the organization. For example, in 1927-28, twenty-seven engineers 

made memibershlp in it, and in 1928-29, nineteen out of the tventy-seven freshmen 

initiated vere engineers. At the end of 19*^^, chapters had heen installed in fojrty- 

eight colleges and universities throughout the TJhlted States. 

"b. AIL-inGINEERIKG HONOR FRATERNITIES 

General . -Recognition of the scholastic achievements of engineering students is given 

also throu^ election to membership in the honorary organizations of Tau Beta Pi 

and Sigma Tau. Some description of these organizations is appropriate, therefore, 

in this connection. 

Tau Beta Pi . - Tau Beta Pi, the first honorary engineering fraternity organized in 

this country and the first of any such engineering society to come to the University 

of Illinois J was founded at Lehle^ University in 1885 for the purpose of recognizing 

superior scholarship among undergraduate engineering students that showed promising 

qualities of leadership. Integrity of purpose, and character; of awarding attainments 

among the alumni; and of promoting a spirit of liberal culture in the engineering 

schools of the country. Illinois Alpha was installed here on June 2, 1897' Election 

to membership has always "been made "by its members upon the basis of scholarship, -not 

more than one -eighth of the Junior class being elected at the end of thd Junior 

year, and not more than one-eighth of the senior class at the end of the first 

semester of the senior year. The student of highest scholastic rank in the sophomore 

I class is also elected. This policy has resulted in the initiation of about thirty 

members a year, usually about fifteen Juniors are taken in near the end of the 

second semester and about the same number of seniors at the end of the first semester 



1. The Forum of Phi Eta Sigma, February, 1931, page 6 

2. This latter provision was made so that students whose averages were below 4. f^ for 
the first semester, but whose grades were high enough during the second semester to 
make exi average of k.3 for the year, could be eligible. 






30 



^itdfitd ^j 



'o nocW* e' 






876 
The members of the fraternity compute the etandlng of candldateB froo th© College 

recordB,— a practice that hae alvaye seamed to "be done accurately and honestly. 
a?he organization formerly held public meetings In the Interest of good scholarship 
and high ideals, and "both directly and indirectly it has helped to Improve intellec- 
tual and social standards among the students in the College of Engineering. While 
many of the chapters in other schools maintain their ovn fraternity houses, it has 
not seemed advisable to do so here "because there are so many social fraternities to 
vhich many of the students already belong vhen they become eligible for membership in 
Tau Beta Pi. 

Sigma Tau »-On February 27, 191*^, Theta Chapter of Sigma Tau, a national engineering 
fraternity founded dt the University of Nebraska In 190^^ for the purpose of promoting 
good scholarship and fellowship and of inspiring higher Ideals in the mind of 
engineering students, vas formally Installed at the Dhiverslty of Illinois. Candidates 
are chosen on the strength of their qualifications as promising engineers as sho^m 
partly by their scholastic records, partly by their leadership as evidenced by their 
activities in ot.'ier organizations, partly by their initlati've as aemonetrated by 
their capacity to apply their engineering knowledge to the solution of practical 
problems, and partly by their sociability trends,- a measure of their public spirit. 
The membership Is restricted to Juniors and seniors registv^red in the College of 
Engineering and Isseleoted from those having a "B" grade (i^.O) or better. The organ- 
izations hold regular meetings throughout the year and an initiation session for 
about twenty pledges each semester. Like Tau Beta Pi, the fraternity does not main- 
tain a chapter house because so many of its members are chosen from social frater- 
nities already located in the campus area. Tn addition, the founders of Sigma Tau 
frowned upon the idea of a chapter house lest the social requirements become of 
paramount interest to the neglect of the scholastic standards. Sigma Tau is not 
considered a competitor of Tau Beta Pi, many of the faculty and students being 
members of both groups. 



1. The Chapter here did maintain a house until World War I, but on account of 
the Inherent difficulties Involved in sedurlng membership, it decided to discontiue 
the practice. . 



877 
c. DEPARTMElffiAL HONOR FEIATERKITIES 

General . -In addition to the all-engineering fraternities, there have "been estahlished 

in several of the departmente of the College, honor organlzatlonB, usually with 

national affiliations, that elect to menibership outstanding upper classmen of the 

departments as a means of revarding their scholastic attainments. These are descrihed 

in the following paragraphs. 

Eta Eappa Hu .-Eta Kappa Ku, honorary electrical-engineering society, vas foimded at 

the University of Illinois on Octoher 28, 190li-. The organization has for its 

pxarpose the "bringing together into a closer union for autxial "benefit, students, 

faculty, and others in the profession of electrical engineering, who, "by their 

attainments in college or In practice have manifested a marked ability in their 

chosen fields. A tablet mounted on a large boulder near the front entrance of the 

Electrical Engineering Building on Burrlll Avenue, bears the names of the ten 

students who founded the society. The organization, still active in 19'^5» holds 

several meetings during the academic year, some of which are technical and some 

social. The members of the feroup have been active in promoting A.I. E. E. interests 

and such other activities as the Electrical Engineering Show and the Engineering 

Open House. The Society has had a remarkable growth, --it nov includes thirty-six 

student chapters and several eilumni associations throughout oho country. 

KeranoB . - -Keramos , the Greek term for ceramics, was organized on January &6, 1915, 

as an honor society by a small group of students registered in the Department of 

Ceramic Engineering at the University of Illinois, for the purpose of promoting 

fellowship among students in the department. It was the first ceramics fraternity 

to be established in the United States, the second chapter having been located at 

7 Ohio State University, and later chapters at other institutions offering work in 

ceramics. The qualifications for election to membership, which is open to Junior 

and senior students who are registered in the Department and who have an average 

above 3.0, are based J)artly on scholarship and partly on personal characteristics 

and probable success in professional work after leaving the University. The 

student membership generally runs from 20 to 30, with 7 or 8 from the faculty. The 



qff^«iWkf«" 



i:aioviaW 



BBJtTceoari:; 



i>-.^fM5R •pjr'.- 



878 
organization Is still active and usually holds a^bout eight or ten meetings a year 
•with hoth social and scientific programs. 

Pi Tau Si gma. -The parent chapter of Pi Tau Sigma, honorary mechanical-engineering 
fraternity, was founded hy a group of Junior and senior mechanical -engineering 
students at the University of Illinois in the spring of 1915 -the original charter 
having heen granted by the University on March l6. During the school year 1915-16, 
the organization affiliated with a similar society at the University of Wicconeln 
known as Pi Delta Phi. The local chapter accepted the ritual and coat of arms of 
the Wisconsin society, but It retained its own name, constitution, and badge. The' 
purpose of the fraternity la to emphasize through its membership, the high ideals of 
the mechanical engineering profession, to stimulate student effort in the various 
departmental activities, to promote the mutual welfare of Its members, to develop 
a spirit of a congenial friendship among the students and a better acquaintance and 
mutual understanding between the students and the faculty. Membership is confined 
to Junior and senior students registered in mechanical engineering, -selection being 
based upon scholastic standing, faculty rating, and member opinions. 

The group still active in 19'i-5 holds a number of business, professional, 
and social meetings throughout the academic year. Generally a short talk is de- 
livered by a faculty member or by a prominent engineer from :induDtry as a feature 
of the meetings. Smokers, picnics, dinners, and banquets, a-L vr.icii etuients and 
faculty can become better acquainted, are occasionally scheduled. 
gargoyle . --The Beta Chapter of the Gargoyle Society, an honorary fraternity founded 
at Cornell University in 1910, was established at Illinois In January, 191?. It 
chooses its members from students in Architecture on the basis of high scholastic 
attainments and proficiency in this particular field. Each year. Gargoyle plans to 
have an open meeting for students in the Department of Architecture at ^diich time 
members of the faculty speak upon some subject which should stimulate the under- 
classmen to higher scholarship. The organization holds monthly meetings at which 

papers are r ead by the active members of the chapter. Its affiliations were trans - 
1. The formal coalition occurred^ at a Joint meeting held in Chicago on March 12, 
1916. 






*>ittee * 






879 
f erred to the College of Fine and Applied Arts /vhen the Department of Architecture 

in 1931 
■became a member of that College. 

Delta M u Epe ilon. -Delta Mu Epsilon, a local honorary fraternity in mining engineer- 
ing, was foTinded in 1920 by members of the staff and students in the Department of 
Mining Engineering as a means of giving recognition to scholastic achivements of 
students of both graduate and undergraduate grade in this particular field. The 
first meeting vas held in the spring of 1921. The programs of the organizations con- 
sisted generally of informal social gatherings and smokers, talks "by members of 
the University staff or in some cases by outside speakers, and papers and dis- 
cussions by the students themselves on some special topic of peculiar interest to 
the grouT). About 1928, the organization became dormant because of a decline in 
ttudent enrollment and vas never rejuvenated. 

Chi l!psilon.--In the spring of 1922, two groups of civil-engineering students at 
the University of Illinois, one under the- name of Chi Epsilon and the other, Chi 
Delta Chi, -each without the loiowledge of the other, -took steps to petition the 
University administration for permission to establish an honor fraternity that 
would serve as a means of recognizing scholastic attainments among those erjrolled 
in their department. As soon as the two groups became aware of the coincidence, they 
immediately set out to rnerg*-- their interests; and on May 20, 1922, the Council of 
Administration of the University granted permission to found the organization under 
the name of Chi Epsilon Fraternity. 

The objects of the organization as stated in its constitution are "to 
recognize those characteristics of the individual engineer deemed fundamental to 
the successful pursuit of an engineering career and to aid in the development of 
those characteristics in the undergraduate engineer." 

It chooses its members from the upper ten per cent of the Junior and 
senior classes. Still active in 19^^5, tt holds a number of meetings throughout the 
academic year at some of which men inside and outside the College of Engineering 
spe.ak of their professional problems. There were twenty chapters of the fraternity 
at the end of 19^^. 



■ 880 
Si gma E psllon. -Sigma Epsilon, honorary Railway Engineering Fraternity, the first 
and only chapter of its kind in existence, was organized in the fall of 1923 , and 
incorporated in Fehruary 192^;. It vas estahlished to promote greater interest in 
Eailway matters, and limited its membership to junior and seniors and the faculty, 
in the Department of Railway Engineering. It always held its informal initiations 
in the locomotive lah oratory, --on or around the locomotive on the testing plant. 
The organization 'became dormant a year or so "before the Department was discontinued 
in 19hO. 

Phi Alpha La mha .-Phi Alpha Lamha, honorary general -engineering fraternity, was 
established at Illinois in the spring of 1925, and was officially installed on May 
19, 1925, at a banc[Uot held in the Southern Tea Room. I-Iembership was confined to 
Juniors and seniors registered in the general -engineering curriculum, and was limi- 
ted to those who had maintained an average scholarship within the upper third of 
their classes, and who had been more or less active in campus affairs. Each year, 
the organization sponsored a smoker for general -engineering students, at which 
prominent men of the College of Engineering spoke, the purpose being to enable 
the students to become acquainted with other men who were interested in the same 
general purposes and activities, and to learn more about some of the problems in 
their chosen profession. G?he fraternity became inactive sometime around 1935- 
Phi Slgma_ Phi . -A new honorary. Beta of Phi Sigma Phi, undergraduate physics frater- 
nity was installed in 1928i-29, to take the place of an organization formerly called 
the Physics Club. The purpose of the organization was to honor studenis showing 
outstanding ability and leadership in physics. The programs consisted of talks by 
members of the departmental staff and in some cases by outside speakers, and of 
k papers and discussions by the members themselves on some particular phase of physics 
work. On account of the limited enrollment in the curricula in engineering physics, 
the organization has had some difficulty in maintaining itself during the last 
few years. 

1. The Council of Administration of the University at its meeting on December 5, 
1923, granted the petition to organize. 



881 
Al^ha Sigma Mu. -Illinois Beta Chapter of .ilpha Sigma Mu, national honor fraternity 

in metallurgical engineering, founded "by the faculty of the Department of Metallur- 
gical Engineering ati the Michigan College of Mining and Technology in 1932, vas 
installed at the University of Illinois at the close of the first semester of 1939- 
kO, "both graduate and undergraduate students in this particular field of engineering 
heing eligible for memher shin . "Its purposes are to recognize scholastic attain- 
ments among students in metallurgical engineering, to aid in bringing the members 
more closely together, to help each other in every vay T)ossible, to be an effective 
linlc between the student and industrial metallurgical organizations, and to be of 
lasting benefit to its members not only while in college, but also after leaving 
college". The chapter still active in 19^5, holds a number of meetings throughout 
the academic year with programs relating to matters of social, business, ajid 
scientific interest. 

D. PROFESSIONAL SOCIETIES MD FRATERNITIES 
.General:- T -Professional societies and fraternities include those selfrdlrecting, 
secret orgajiizations that provide student associations for members having a common 
Interest or purpose. Like the honor societies eind fraternities, membership is by 
invitation, consideration being given to comradeship as well as scholastic standing, 
and generally goes to those who have at least average grades or better and who by . 
the interest they show in organized activities, display coHSiderable promise of 
leadership. The value of such organizations lies largely in the training which 
students derive from exchange of opinion and dlscusBion, andfrom discipline that 
results from effective teamwork, from responsibility that must be assumed in 
directing the course of that group, and from incentives that stem from alliance 
with individuals having a mutual objective. A discussion of some of these organ- 
izations follows. 

a. ALL-UNIVERSITY ORaANIZATIONS 

Synton.-The society of Synton, founded on the campus here in 1925-26, was organized 



l:.It tg of AnjjoreBt- to note that Professor H. L. Walker, now Head of the Department 
of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering here, A-nrote the constitution of this 
fraternity when he was a member of the staff at Michigan College of Mining and 
Technology in 1932. 



for the purpose of "brlngiriig together radio amatevirs in order to promote the interests 
of radio among the students at the University. Only radio amateurs or men with an 
equivalent knowledge of radio are eligible for memlsership in the carganization. There 
were twnety-one memhers in 1927-28. Honorary members include individuals on the 
faculty that are interested in this particular subject. The group installed on the 
campus for the use of its members a modern powerful radio station, designated 9 BCS. 
This station and its successor, W9Z0L, are described more fully in a later section 
of this chapter. 

The organization has remained active throughout the years and is one of the 
most successfvil engineering societies on the campus. Its meetings include informal 
discussions of present-day amateur radio problems through papers, talks, and general 
discussions. It conducts a message service to all parts of the country and holds 
code classes each year for the benefit of those \*o wish to increase their speed 
so they can pass the Government examinations for radio-amateur licenses, -both services 
being free to those interested. The Society always plays a large part in staging 
the biennial Electrical Engineering Show. 

b. ALL ENGIKEEKING ORGMIZATIOUS 
Trian gle. -The Triangle Fraternity was founded at the University of Illinois on April 
15, 1907, as a professional organization with membership limited to men registered 
in civil engineering. Within a f«rw years, students in architeotui'al and ceramic 
engineering were also admitted. In 1921, the fraternity extended its membership 
basis to include all curricula of study leading to a degree in engineering, --basing 
its decision on the point that a breader association of men and Interests would pro- 
vide a stronger and better -balanced membership opinion and judgment. /The group 
\ has always maintained its own chapter house. Gradually the association took on 

the marks of a social organization, and in 19i^5 has the status of a social fraternity 
although still limiting its membership to engineers. Up to the end of 19^^, seven- 
teen other chapters had been established in schools located for the most part in 
the Middle West. 



883 
Theta_Tau. -Kappa Chapter of Theta Tau, a national fraternity founded at the University 

of Minnesota in 190lf, vae installed here in 1916. It was a distinctly professional 
organization, choosing its members on the "basis of personality and character and 
their show of promise of hecoming successful engineers. Because a very large propor- 
tion of the members "belonged to social fraternities, the organization had no chapter 
house of its own here, -a practice that was very different from that at most of the 
other schools , -hut held its meetings at intervals of from two weeks to a month in 
the chapter houses of social fraternities. Theta Tau limited its membership to 
forty active men of sophomore. Junior, and senior standing in the College of Engineer- 
ing. There were ten faculty members in 193'+. The ifetudents and faculty members 
represented practically every department in the College. For lack of interest, 
the organization became dormant about 1939. 

Tau Pl.rTau Pi, a professional engineering fraternity, was founded at Illinois in 
February, 1926, for the purpose of fostering the advancement of all branches of 
engineering and to promote a spirit of brotherhood within the profession. The 
organization selected its members from students in all departments of the College 
of Engineering. It became Inactive, however, within a coii5)aratively few years. 
Sigma Phi Delta. -Delta of Sigma Phi Delta, professional engineering fraternity, 
founded at the University of Southern California in 1924, was installed on the 
campus here ±n January, 1928. The ob'^ects of the organization were ''to promote the 
advancement of the engineering education; to instill a greater spirit of cooperation 
among engineering students and organizations; to inclucate in its members the highest 
ideals of Christian manhood, good citizenship, obedience to law, and brotherhood; 
and to encourage excellence in scholarship." Membership here is open to students 
i ytl^-.ar3 registered in engineering curricula in the University and who maintain an 
average scholastic record. • The organization still in existence has had its own 
chapter house since its beginning. 

c. DEPARTMEPITAL ORGMIZATIOKS 
Scarab . - Karnak Temple of Scarab, a professional fraternity choosing its members from 
1. Professional Fraternities, page 30. 



architecture and landscape gardening or landscape architecture, was founded at the 
University of Illinois in 1909. Its objectives are "to provide a means of attaining 
a hroader knowledge of Architecture and the Allied Arts; secure, through association, 
the advantages of a more refined culture; stimulate a greater interest in expression 
through the Graphic Aj:'ts; promote a friendly competition among the students and 
school of Architecture; and create a lasting spirit of fellowship and cooperation" . 
It has always "been an active organization here, hut transferred its affiliations to 
the College of Fine and Applied Arts when the Department of Architecture "became a 
unit in that College in 1931- 

Alpha Rho Chi . -Alpha Rho Chi was founded hy the union of the Arcus Cluh at the 
University of Illinois and Sigma Upailon local at the University of Michigan, on 
April 11, 191^, Anthemios Chapter having "been installed here on May 21, following. 
The objectives of the fraternity are "to organize and unite in fellowship the 
architectural students in the universities and colleges of America, and to combine 

their efforts so as to promote the artisitic, scientific, and practical efficiency 

2 
of the younger members of the profession . The local group maintains a chapter 

house at the northeast corner of First Street and Armory Avenue in Champaign, drawing 
upon students in architecture, architectural engineering, and landscape architecture 
for membership. Its affiliations were transferred to the College of Fine and Applied 
Arts when the Department of Architecture was made a part of that Culltge in 1931. 
In 19^^, the organization had ten student and several alumni chapters located through- 
out the country. 

Mu-San .-Mu-San, local professional fraternity in municipal and sanitary engineering, 
was originated here in 19l6 when Municipal and Sanitary Engineering was a separate 
> department. Professor Talbot having been largely responsible for the formation of 
the organization, -the only chapter of its kind in this field. The primary objective 
of the fraternity is to create a closerrelationship between students themselves and 
between students and faculty members Interested in municipal and sanitary engineering. 
The association is still In existence, although now functioning under the Department 
1. & 2.~^l^ofe8Sional Fraternities, page 2^. 



885 
of Civil Engineering, and haa always had the most enthusiastic support of its member- 
ship. 

A lpha .A lph a Gam ma. -A chapter of Alpha Alpha Gamma, a national organization for vomen 
enrolled in architecture, landscape gardening, and interior decoration, founded at 
Vfashington University, St. Louis , in 1922, was estahlished at the University here 
during March, 1925. "The primary ohject of the organization is to promote good 
fiellowship, friendship, enthusiasm, and cooperation among women studying architecture 
or any of its allied "branches in colleges and universities of the United States" . 
The affiliations it had with the College of Engineering were transferred to the 
College of Fine and Applied Arts in 1931 when Architecture "became a part of that 

College. 

E. STUDENT ADMINISTRATIVE ORGANIZATIONS 

The Asso ciation of Engineer i ng So cieties of t he Un iversity of Illinois. -The Associa- 
tion of Ehgineering Societies of the University of Illinois was formed in lQ9k-93 "by 
the three engineering student organizations then in existence, -The Civil Engineers' 
Clu"b, The Mechanical and Electrical Society, and the Architects' Cluh,-for the 
purpose, in part at least, to pu^blish The Technograph. . It had its headquarters in 
one of the rooms on the ground floor of Engineering Hall. The room was fitted up as 
a reading room and was provided with the leading technical journals. It was used 
also "by those in charge of publishing the Technograph. 

The Electrical Engineering Society, wftich had previously "been merged with 
the Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Society and which "became an "Independent 
organization in 1901)-, Joined the Association in 1905-O6. The Chemistry Club and the 
Mining Society affiliated with the Association during the year 1910-11. At the 
beginning of the school year 1911-12 the name of the organization was changed to 
I Engineering Societies of the University of Illinois, \rtilch is described briefly in 
the next section. 

jtogineerlng Societ ies o f the U niver sity of Ill inois. -As previously statdd, Engineering 
Societies of the University of Illinois came into existence during 1911-12 to super- 
sede the Association of aigineering Societies of the University of Illinois. The 

Architects* C lub dropped out at the beginning of 1912-13 and left the organization 

1. Baird's Manual of American College fraternities, 1935, page 575. 



coETOOsed at that time of the Civil Engineers' CliXb, the Student Branch of the Ameri- 
can Society of Mechanical Engineers, the .Electrical Engineering Society, the Mining 
Society, and the Chemistry Cluh. Chemistry dropped out at the end of 1912-13 and the 
Railway Cluh came in then . The Ceramics Society Joined the Engineering Societies 
at the beginning of 1915 -l6, and the Student Branch of the American Association of 
Engineers affiliated in December, 1920. The organization hecame somewhat inactive, 
and was later succeeded "by the Engineering Council, the affairs of which are de- 
scribed "briefly in the following section. 

Engineering Council . -The Engineering Council was organized at the suggestion of 
Dean Richards during his administration early in 1919, for the purpose of setting 
up the machinery for coordinating certain engineering activities. At that time, the 
Council was comprised of one representative from each of the engineering societies 
on the campus. It assisted in directing the affairs of the Engineering Open Houses 
and in appointing committees to carry on the engineering dances. A representative 
of The Technograph was soon given a seat in the organization. With the founding 
of the College of Fine and Applied Arts and the withdrawal of the Department of 
Architecture from the College of Engineering in 1931, the architects and archttectur&l 
engineers were eliminated from the Council. 

In 1931-32, the Council was composed of the presidents of the student 
engineering societies including the American Society of Civil Engineers, American 
Institute of Electrical Engineers, the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 
Kmerlcan Cejjeinlc Society, Phi Alpha Lamba, Engineering Physics, Railway Club, 
Mining Society, and the editor of The Technograph. 

As stated it that time hy The Technograph, the purpose of the Council was 

"to promote the general welfare of the student engineering societies and act on 

I 

subjects of mutual Interest, to manage social fvmctions of the engineering student 

"body, to eetahlish a code of ethics among the engineering students, and to select 
men to represent the College of Engineering on the Illlnl Union Council and other 
orga nizations where the engineering student "body is to be represented" . 
I.October 1931, page 3I. 
i 



887 
Within a few years, the Illinois Union had a representative on the Council. 

In 1938, then, the Engineering Council as a student hoard, vas composed of the 

presidents of the eight departmental societies or cluhs, a representative of the 

Illinois Union, and the editor and business manager of The Technograph. Its purpose 

as stated in the Technograph at that time vas "to encourage the partlciiipation of 

engineering students In extra-curricular activities on';the campus; and to sponsor 

such student engineering activities as the all-engineering smoker j St. Pafls Ball, 

Open House 
Illinois Student Engineering Exhihlt ( Engineering/ Show) , and to assist in the pro- 
duction of the Electrical Engineering Show." 

Like other associations, the Council has "been active some years and rather 
inactive in others, depending upon the personnel and local conditions; "but in the 
main, It continues to function when situations arise that call for attention. 
IlllniO Jhgineers . -The organization of Illini Engineers was completed, on paper at 
least, in 1939 to replace the Engineering Council which at that time had become 
rather inactive. The purpose of the organization as stated In its constitution was 
"to unite the englneentng students, faculty, and alumni of the University of Illinois 
and through this union to promote Interest in the welfare and traditions of the 
College of Engineering." Membership in the organization was open to all students 
in the College of Engineering and the governing body was to be a Council. 1'he 
organization functioned only part of a school year, then became inactive, and was 

never reactivated. . 

F. COOPERATIVE SUPPLY STORE 

Eng i neering Cooperative Societ y. -The Engineering Cooperative Society, called the 
Real Co-op, organized in the spring of 1921 was sponsored by the united engineering 
societies for the purpose of operating a book and supply store near the engineering 
campus . . It obtained the use of a small store room immediately south of the Boneyard 
at 202 South Mathews Avenue. As the plan worked out, any student or faculty member 
could deposit $1, which enrolled him as a m'3mber.\.of the Society, For every purchase 
that he made, he was given a receipt which he signed and deposited in a box in the 
store. These receipts were sorted periodically and each member was given credit 
on hlB record card for the amount he had purchased. Total purchases were computed 



■ ■ 088 
at the end of the school year and dividends paid, "based on the total volume of 
■business done and the net profit. 

The policies of the store were determined hy a Board of Directors consis- 
ting of two members from each of the campus engineering societies. A sophomore 
was elected from each society each year, and held office during his Junior and 
senior years. There was a faculty advisory "board consisting of three members of 
the faculty in the College of Engineering. All matters "brought up hefore the Board 
of Directors was referred to the faculty "board for approval. 

After the first year of "business, the selling space was more than dou"bled, 
and "books and supplies for students in all departments of the University were 
added. A full-time manager was employed and several students assisted in serving 
the patrons.. The organization continued to expand, and in 192? it stocked a new 
store at 6lO.Eaat Daniels Street in Champaign. The Society failed, however, in 

193!^, and went into "bankruptcy, after which the entire stock in the two stores 

2 
was "bought "by the Coop at th§ corner of Wright and Green Streets, which has main- 
tained the two esta"blishments to date under the name of the University Book Stores. 

G. ENGINEERING STUDENT PUBLIC ATiEDNS 
The Illinois Technog raph.^ . She : Illinois Technograph, the technical magazine 
pu"blished hy the students in the College of Engineering, was started in I886-8T 
"by the Civil Engineers' Cluh, which issed what afterwards became the first four 
volumes of the magazine under the title "Selected Papers of the Civil Engineers' 
Cluh." In the fall of I89O, the Clu"b combined efforts with the Mechanical 
Engineers' Society to publish "Volume 5 of the periodical, which by that time was 
called The Illinois Technograph. 

The predominating feature of the Selected Papers and the early issues of 
The Technograph were technical discussions of an exceedingly high quality, many of 
the articles being republished in cvirrent engineering literature.. Volume 1 con- 
tained an article by W. D. Pence, '8?, on "Hutton's Formula for Normal Wind 

ri SEe~foraal opening was on January 3, 1927- 

2. The exact date of transfer was May 28, 193^' 

3. Most of the material in this section describing The Technograph was taken from 

the different ntuubers of th.s.t nagazine itself. 



Pressure" . This paper described the classic experiments of Button from vhich much 
of the Information ahout wind pressiare vas derived. Professor Baker's article 
"Hints to Students on the Education of an Engine'ei-" was republished many times. 

In the second volume was an article "by Professor Talbot on "Waterways 
for Bridges and Culverts", which became a part of the standard engineering literature. 
The third volume contained two articles by Professor Baker which were subsequently 
included in his book entitled "Masonry Construction" . . Volume k contained an article 
by J. B. Tscharner, C.E. '90, on the adhesion of drift bolts, which was said to con- 
tain more information on the subject Ihan all other records. 

The Architects* Club, after it was formed in I89I, and the Mechanical 
Engineers* Society, after it became the Mechanical and Electrical Engineers' Society 
in 1891-92, Joined with the Civil Engineers' Club during l891-9^ to publish Vols. 
6 to 9 inclusive of the magazine. Volume 9 stated that the editorial board con- 
sisted of nine members, three of whom were selected from each of the three engineer- 
ing societies. The l89l^-95 number of the periodical was larger than usual, . contain- 
ing 182 pages as compared to the usual 100 of earlier years and the lk6 of l893-9'+» 
One of the reasons that partly accounted for this Increase was that in I892, the 
price was raised from 3O cents to 50 cents a copy, or 60 cents postpaid. 

In 189!+, a radical change was made in the method of handling the magazine.. 
The Association of Engineering Societies began to sponsor the periodical and provided 
an entirely independent staff, Under this plan, ""eter Junkersfeld, '95, editor, 
supported by eight assistants, published Volume 9 in that year. The I895-96 issue 
carried the following statement in regard to the editorial policies of the publica- 
tion: "The technograph is a scientific publication issued annually by the Associa- 
tion of Engineering Societies of the College of Engineering of the University of 
P Illinois. It is essentially technical in its scope and contains articles of permanent 
value in the various departments of scientific investigation carried on at the 
University or by its graduates." 

For about ten years following this issue, The Technograph continued publi- 
cation with but few changes in its make-up of from lUO to I60 pages. It included 



■ 890 
eqmg.iaateri?.! of lopal irtfires-^;. abg-uX tfee affairs, of .the .,Uiii vers ity, .Jbut the... gr.eater 

,t)ortion -wss.cormsiped of. tgphnlcal articleB..of real value to practicing engineers 

and students alike. Volume 20 issued in 19O5-O6, contained an index of all articles 

that had "been puhllshed in the magazine up to that date. 

k The policies of The Technograph in the early 1900' s vete eacpressed in the 
foreword to the 19O7-O8 issue as follows: "In puhlishing the Technograph, the 
attempt has always heen made to rise somewhat ahove the general college periodical, 
into a sphere which may contain something of interest to the graduate and the 
practicing engineer." 

The magazine had an intermittent career, however, during the years 1910-19,-v 
the first reverse in its history. The expense of puhlication was nominally home 
hy the advertisements and hy sales, and of course the returns from these sources 
depended upon the activities of the students in charge; and if there were no money 
with which to pay hills, an appeal had to he made to the cooperating societies. 
Because of the indifference In response to those appeals and hecause of the dis- 
couragement over the financial conditions resulting from the I909-IO issue, the 
paper was threatened with financial ruin and suspension. 

One thing that had, no douht, heen partly responslhle for the indifference 
was that there had heen a feeling among the ttudents, and the facuiLty that .Thfef 
Tochnbg^ajjh in the preceding few years as an annual, did not measure up to its 
possihilities, and it was generally felt the,t some change was needed to maJce the 
organ of greater appeal. After some deliherations in which Dean Gobs and the 
faculty and student representatives took part, the association was remodelled in 
1910-11 with a new constitution and hy-laws. The najne of the organization sponsoring 
the magazine was changed from Association of Engineering Societies of the University 

f of Illinois to ^iigineeilng Societies of the University of Illinois. As the Mining 
Society, recentlj' organized, was Included in the group, and as the Ifechanlcal Engin- 
eers' Society.] had merged with the student Chapter of the American Society of 
Mechanical Engineers under the name of the latter organization, the Association vae 
then ccanposed of the Civil Engineers* Cluh, the ELeetrical ■Engineering Society, the 



.•cv 891 
student Chapter of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers, the Mining Society, 
and the Architects' Cluh. 

Under the nev order, two representatives from each group forming the 
Engineering Societies constituted The Technograph Board, -one sophomore heing elected 
at the end of each year, who remained in office for two years. This arrangement 
assured continuity in office and a means for carrying out definite policies of 
management. The editor, "buBlness manager, and other officers of the staff were 
chosen from the Board. There was appointed an Advisory Board consisting of the Dean 
of the College of aigineerlng, two faculty members, eind two alumni repreeentatives. 
The magazine was made a quarterly, -the price of a single issue heing fixed at 
$0.25 and the suhscriptlon rate at $1.00 a year. 

It took two yesirs, however, to effect a complete reorganization of the mag- 
azine from an annual to a quarterly tasie during which time the Chemical Cluh also 
"became a memher of the group. During this transition, the scope of the Tjuhllcation 
was "broadened in every department and was made to contain articles of more general 
interest. On accoxxnt of the difficulties involved in making the change, there was 
only one nuniber puhllshed in 1910-11, and that was isnued in March, I9II, with 92 
pages of me.terial. In this nimher much more space was allotted to editorials and 
College and departmental notes, and some space was given to alvminl neve, a practice 
that has continued to date. There were three numhers issued in 1911-12, but Yolume 
27 issued in I912-I3, contained four complete numhers, all of them very creditable 
issues. No. 1 issued in December, contained 56 pages; No. 2, in February, 5I pages; 
Ho. 3, in March, 5I pages; and Ho. k, in May, 6G pages. 

For somd time after that, ihe Techr»ograph came out consistently four times 
a year. The magazine was relatively small in size and content, and although the 
individual articles were in the main very good, the quality of the volume as a 
whole did not compare favorably with the issues from 1885 to 1901. In 1916-I7 only 
one quarterly number was issued, and it contained only 58 pa£:es. In I917-I8, not- 
withstanding the disturbance of World War I, four numbers were published. The war 
did, however, bring its problems, and the magazine had to suspend completely due to 



.rft 






'■■'*• 892 
lack of men and the high cost of materials. No issues were puhlishod in 1918-19 

nor in 1919-20. The paper resumed puhlication, however, in the fall of 1920, hut 

the magazine was completely reorganized. The size of the page was changed from a 

pocket size to letter-head size. The custom was established of having a different 

cut on each front cover. In March, 1923, the periodical became affiliated with the 

Engineering College Jfegazine Association, an organization sponsored to raise the 

standards of its member magazines "by adoption of uniform standards of practice and 

hy cooperation in "both business and editorial problems. It was continued as a 

quarterly and the price was kO cents a copy. Subscriptions to The Technograph were 

included in membership dues to the various professional engineering societies. The 

usual yearly volume contained about 200 pages, although the 1928-29 volume contained 

250 pages. 

In 193O-3I, the magazine became a monthly publication appearing with 
seven issues, -October, November, December, February, March, April, and May. During 
1931-32, there were eight issues. During that year, too, student articles were 
featured and more space was given to honor and professional organizations on the 
engineering campus. In 1933 -3U, the editorial policy was changed to reduce the 
number of technical articles and to describe more fully the activities of the 
students and to begin a Who's Vho among the student leaders of the College. During 
that year, The Technograph became a quarterly again and continued as such until 
the end of 1936-37. During 1937-38 and 1938-39, there were six issues,- a page of 
each being devoted to a Who's Who among the faculty and the students. In 1939-^^0 
the Who's Who page was replaced with "Names in the News". During that year, the 
publishers returned to the policy of issuing eight numbers and has continued to do 
to date. 

For a number of years after I894, the office of The Technograph was lo- 
cated in one of the rooms on the ground floor of Engineering Hall. Since 1920, at 
least, it has been in Room 213 on the second floor of that same building. The 
printing of the early numbers was distributed among a number of publishing firms, 
including The Gazette of Champaign, The Champaign County Printing Company, and the 



893 
Bloomlngton Pantagraph Printing and Stationery Company. In 1920, however, the 

printing vork was taken over "by the Illlni Puhliehing Company^ and has been handled 
"by that organization since that time. 

The periodical, published practically continuously from I887 to date,-- 
sometimes aided by a small subsidy from the University, but generally by the sole 
efforts of the students, -has always been of distinct advantage in stimulating stu- 
dents to write and in giving its staff valuable editorial and business experience, 
for The Technograph has always followed the practice of printing only articles 
written by Illinoio undergraduates, graduates, or members of the staff o£ the College 
of Engineering. 

The Architectural Year Book . -The Architectural Year Book, first published in 1911, 
was an annual publication by the students in the Department of Architect\ire, in- 
tended to show the work of the school year. The best student work in design, con- 
struction, charcoal, and color was reproduced, and a brief record was made of the 
activities of the architectural students. The book consisted briefly of half-tone 
re-oroductions, and was a very creditable record of the work of the Department, -- 
The students being res-ponsible for the entire management and publication. No issue 
was printed in 1917-20 due to wartime conditions, but publication was resumed in 
the spring of 1921. When the Department of Architecture was transferred to the 
College of Fine and Applied Arts in 1931, the Year Book continued to be published 
by students in architecture, but under the ausnlces of the new College. 
The jElli noi s Ceramist . - Beginning in 1936, the students in the Department of 
Ceramic Engineering, began to publish an annual yearbook called The Illinois Ceramist 
The publication appeared late in the school year and contained photographs of stu- 
dents graduating in February and June with appropriate personalia accompanying each 
\ photograph. The fourth annual issue ap-nearing in May, 1939, conlbained 32 pages. 
In 19i<-0, the. format was altered to an eight-page news sheet 10 I/2 by Ik inches, 
with items relating to the Student Branch of the Aiaerican Ceramic Society and the 
Department and with photographs of all seniors. 



H. M&INSBRS' DAY 'ACTIVITIES ^9h 

Illinois Sigineera' Day. -In order to promote the spirit of fellowshi^i among the 

students and faculty mem'bers of the various departments within the College of 
Engineering, and in order to emphasize signal events of engineering Interest, there 
vas inaugurated a system of Illinoi Engineers' Day exercises. One event common to 
most of the programs marking these occasions, vas a convocation where notable speak- 
ers were invited to address the assembly of students and faculty members. Some of 
these exercises are described briefly in the following paragraphs. 

An all -engineering convocation of students and faculty was held in the 
University Auditorium on the afternoon of Marclh 23, 1920, to commemorate the centen- 
nial of the birth of James Watt. Professor Breckenridge, formerly of this College, 
but at that time of Yale University, made the principal address ofi the subject: 
"James Watt, hie Life and its Influence upon the Industrial Development of the World", 
Later in the afternoon and evening, the students staged their first engineering open 
house by exhibiting to the public the engineering laboratories under full operation. 

That event turned out to be the first of a number of all -engineering day 
exercises held toraark some outstanding event, of local interest or to commemorate 
the achievements of some noted engineer. 

Ajiother Engineers' Day was scheduled when the Lecture Committee of the 
College decided upon an Engineering Convocation to be held on March 15, 1922. Since 
the close of that academic year marked a half cettury of service by Dr. Ricker to 
the University, it was decided to honor him at those exercises. When the plan was 
submitted to President Kinley for his approval, he suggested that the affair be 
made a University Convocation under the ausnices of the College of .Engineering in 
honor of Doctor Bicker. 

The program onened when students and faculty met at 2:55 P-ki. around 
f Engineering Hall, and headed by a band of about sixty pieces, composed largely of 
engineering students, marched to the University auditorium, on the south cam^ms, 
The procession extending from the Auditorium back to University Hall. The r>rograia 
was in charge of Dean C. R. Richards of the College of Engineering, who spoke 
briefly of the work Professor Ricker had done at the University. On the topic 



895 
"Serving the ''^eople" , "^resident Kinley spoke of the service which "Professor Ricker' 

had rendered this community and the State at large. The Alpha Rho Chi Fraternity 
then presented to the University a "bust of Professor Ricker, and with aopro-^riate 
words President KiJlley accetjted the gift for the University. President Ira W. 
Hollis of Worcester Poljrbechnic Institute delivered the main address of the Convoca- 
tion on the suhject of "The Engineer of 1950". Probably 2 000 riersons attended the 
meeting, -the whole affair "being a splendid tribute to a man who had devoted his 
entire life work to the University of Illinois and who had contributed so much toward 
its develo-oment . 

On March 7, 1923 the all engineering convocation consisted of the induction 
of Dean Ketchum into the office of the Dean of the College of Engineering and 
Director of the Engineering Experiment Station. On that occasion, the engineering 
students and the faculty assembled in front of Engineering Hall and marched to the 
University Auditorium being led by a band composed of engineers. President Kinley 
T^resided at the meeting. The principal speaker was E. J. Mehren, '06, Editor of 
the Engineering News-Record and Vice-T)reBident of McGraw-Hill Publishing Comroany. . 
The subject of Mr. Mehren' s address was "The Importance of Research to the Progress 
of Industry' . Dean Ketchum made a response with an address "Engineering Education 
and Research* . 

On Friday, April h, 192k, the engineers were given a holiday after 2:50 
p.m. .to Tiarticipate in the celebration of the bicentennial of John Smeaton. The 
exercises began when the students and faculty assembled in front of Engineering Hall 
in preparation for a parade to the Auditorium. An engineers' band of fifty pieces 
led the nrocession followed by a military escort composed of regular army officers 
and the Engineers' Unit of the R.O.T.C. and a detail of student officers. Dean M. S. 
Ketchum and Professor Ira 0. Baker were next in line. Immediately behind them were 
over 1 000 engineering students and faculty members who marched in file behind the 
floats of their respective detjartments. 

The architects were first in line with their float representing a repro- 
duction of the Acropolis. Next came a 20-foot s-oandrel concrete arch bridge con- 



1, The TechnOgraph, Volume 36, No. U., Ma^^, I92U, Page I83. 



8q6 
structed "by the 8ivil ^gineers. Follovlng them came the model steam power station 

of the mechanical engineers. The general engineers came next with an exact re-olica 
of the famous Eddystone light house. The electrical engineers float which followed 
showed the three phases of their -Drofession: power, illumination, and communication, 
featuring a radio setup that received music "broadcasted from the Elecrical Engineer- 
ing Laboratory. The mining float which came next, -the winner in the float contest, - 
depicted the three phases of mining: coal, metal, and metallurgy.. The railway 
engineers followed them and displayed a locomotive dominating the glohe on which 
' it rode. The ceramic float completed the parade with a large pottery kiln and a 
display of clay products. The procession passed through the University "business 
district and campus and ended at the Auditorium where it disbanded for the convoca- 
tion. 

Dean Ketchum presided at the meeting and presented Dr. Bakdr, Professor of 
Civil Engineering, Emeritus, who gave the address of the day on the subject "The 
Future Status of the Engineer." At 6:00 in the evening, thd faotiity, and their 
wives got together for a dinner in the Urbana-Llncoln Hotel, and at 9:00 in the 
evening, about 3OO hundred students assembled in the Gymnasium Annex for their annual 
engineering dance. 

March 27, 1925, was also observed as Engineers' Day. Students and faculty 
members of the College assembled in the University Auditorium at 3 p.m., and 
E. J. Mehren, '06, addressed the convocation again that year.- One feature of the 
occasion was the presentation to the University by VT. L. Abbott '8^+, Chairman of 
the portrait Committee, of the portrait of "Professor A. N. Talbot. The gift was 
accepted by "^resident >lKBl.ey, who presided at the meeting, in behalf of the 
University.. The students put on their usual all -engineering dance in the evening. 

I. ENGHJEIRIWG STUDENT EXHIBITIONS 
General. -Within reasonable limits, engineering students are encouraged to participate 
in student activities for maintaining an appropriate college spirit and for developing 
a side of their professional training that cannot be reached so readily by the 



897 

classroom and laboratory exercises. Among the outstanding features that are purely 
engineering in character are the deioartmental and all -College exhilsitions and open 
houses. Some of these demonstrations are described briefly in the following sections. 
Ph yaiCB OjB,en House. - Students and members of the staff of the Department of T=hysics 
began the annual custom in about 1906 of showing and demonstrating the departmental 
equiT5ment to visitors, and thereby established the practice of giving an engineering 
open house. The exhibits, staged, in the laboratories of Engineering Hall, where 
Physics was then located, consisted of displays of apparatus in the fields of light, 
sound, wireless telegraphy and other electrical operations, which were accompanied 
by lectiires that described to the guests the principles and mechanisms involved. 
Mehhanical Engineering Open House . -The members of the Student Branch of the Americsui 
Society of Mechanical Engineers were hosts at the first Annual Mechanical Engineering 
Open House on Friday evening, October 23, 191^. During the evening about 2 000 guests 
from all departments of the University reviewed displays of student vork, listened 
to lectures on topics of popular mechanics, and attended numerous demonstrations 
of machines in operation. 

The second Mechanical Engineering Oraen House was held on Friday evening, 
October 15, 1915- Descriptions of the event state that during the evening probably 
from four to five thousand visitors passed through the various laboratories and shops 
of the Department of Mechanical Engineering, all of which were in operation. As 
in the first open house, souvenirs of ash trays, paper weights, and tyther. small 
mementos, were distributed to the guests. ■ Onecfeature of the event was a moving 
picture show staged in the Old Armory that presented a number of industrial films 
of interest to engineering groups. 

Because of changes being made in the Mechanical Engineering Laboratory 
building in 19l6, there was no attempt to schedule an open house that year. The 
third Annual Mechanical Engineering Open House, however, was held on Friday evening, 
October 27, 1917, and the fourth one on April 26, 1919. i These two, like the others 
were sponsored by the Student Branch of the A.S.M.E. There were no o-oen-house 
events scheduled by the Department after that time, for the students in mechanicaLfr"!. 



At*! -I !'«■(»■«.( «■.<•; 



■axio*^.ni«ld-E,:ii(3JiM}I> «Betio''-''K-> <i^t- 



engineering joined with those of other department o in the College of Engineering to 
present an all-engineering exhibition, descrihed in a later section. 
Electrical Bigineering Show. -In the spring of 190? during a nation-wide cainpalgn 
in which the students of the Department of Electrical Engineering were invited to 
contribute their shrare towards a'.memorial to "be erected in New York City to Robert 
Fulton, the first steam-hoat builder, the grour) decided on a plan of presenting a 
modest electrical exhibit, for which a small admission fee would be charged to visitors . 
This exhibition, held on March 1-2, 190?, required only a week's preparation at 
practically no expense, and netted such a sum contributed by the 1 600 visitors that 
the organization was able to forward $250 towards the memorial fund. Similar shows, 
each a little more elaborate than the preceeding ones, followed. The proceeds of 
the next one held on April 26-28, 1908, were used to provide such furnishings as 
chairs, a table, and a rug for the Electrical Engineering Society reading room in 
the Electrical Engineering Laboratory, making it a more comfortable place in which to 
read and study. The popvilarlty of th^se shows held in 1910 and 1913 was such that 
the available space in the Electrical Engineering Laboratory was taxed to the limit 
to handle the crowds, -the attendance in I913 being about 3,600. 

As esifly 4s 1915 > It was decided to make commercial exhibits by outside 
companies a distinct feature of the Show, although it would require much additional 
space for the equipaent. Accordingly, to accommodate the crowds and the added 
facilities for the 1915 Show, it was agreed to extend the period to three days, hold- 
ing it on April 8-10, and to utilize the Old Armory (now the Gyimiasium Annex) in 
addition to the Electrical Engineering Laboratory, for the military equipment had 
been transferred to the new Armory recently completed on the south campus. The 
1917,1.920, and 1922 Shows followM the same plan. Although the lists of exhibits 
f during those years had reached such a sacle that the ernenses ran rather high, --the 
1922 Show requiring U50 student workers and demonstrators at an expense of ^k 000,- 
there was some net income. This along with the income from the Shows held after 
1908 was used to aid The Technograph and other University interests. 

By 192l<-, the Show had' gained such a national recognition that many large 



899 
electrical manufacturing and utility companies vere anxious to exhi'bit their products 
during the event. While some of the exhibits were merely displays of electrical 
apparatus, others vere among the most interesting stunts of the show. iKese included 
an automatic dial telephone system, an electric telegraph clock system, a miniature 
power transmission line, a model hydro-electric plant, and many other entertaining 
and educational features having a commercial flavor. 

The income from these later shows was applied towards the accmmilation of 
a loan fund to "be administered hy the University for needy and worthy Juniors and 
seniors in electrical engineering. After the 192l<- and 1926 exhihitions, the amount 
provided in the fund reached a total of $2 600y the admission fee at that time "being 
50 cents. Beginning in 1928, the Electrical Engineering Show and the Engineering 
Open House, described in the next section, were held in alternate years in order to 
maintain the interest of the public and not to throw an undue "burden onto the 
students in any one year. ^ 

With the rapid development of the radio and the vacuum-tu"be field, in- 
cluding television and the photoelectric cell, and other recent discoveries in 
electrical engineering, the shows of 1928 and 1930 were able to present many unusual 
and spectacular demonstrations. These included radio broadcasting and receiving, 
power amplification, television, and talking plctvires, -the last two being outetand- 
ing features of the I93O exhibition. Part of the apparatus used in the television 
displays in presenting the latest developments in radio communication and transmission 
of images and loaned by aChicago television manufacturing company, had been exhibited 
before large crovrds at shows in New York and Chicago. Still other features of the 
1930 Show involved several tinique stunts employing the photo-electric cell invented 
by Dr. Jacob Kvuiz of the Department of Physics of the University. 

The profits from the shows after the 1930 exhibition raised the student 
loan fund to about $3 000 with another $ 1 000 in reserve to finance the next show. 
In 1932, the Physics Building was substituted for the old Armory or Gymnasium Annex, 
as a place to house the exhibits. The show in 193^ was staged in the Electrical 
Engineering Annex as well as in the Electrical Engineering Laboratory and Physics 



ijefei/vToni- et' 



900 

Building, -an arrangement that has "been continued to date. The Century of Progress 
cooperated during that exhihltion hy sending several highly attractive features 
and several members of its ovn staff to demonstrate and explain them. 

Because Sfirisoveral ^yeiars^-thQ Electrical Engineering Shovs had attracted 
many groups of students and teachers from Illinois high schools, who came "by 
school busses, chartered busses, trucks, and private cars over the highways, the 
Illinois Central and Big Four railroads arranged to give reduced rates to persons 
attending the 1936 Show. The high-school visitors came, for the most part, on the 
second day, Friday, April IT, and arrangements were made for special guides for the 
groups as they arrived. These guides conducted the visitors on a tour of the 
campus, and after the tour, they took them through the Shmr. Most of the high- 
school groups returned to their homes following the close of the afternoon session 
of the Show. In a few instances, however, the groups were sufficiently interested 
to remain for the evening session before retiiraing. The admission pflce was lowered 
from the 50 cents previously charged to 35 cents, and a little over k 200 attended, 
of whom about 1 6OO used the special tickets coming from high schools. 

At the Show held In April, 1938, the attendance reached about 5 TOO, and 
at the one in March, 19*^0, the seventeenth exhibition, the attendance was about 
k 800. Because the student loan fund had accumulated to something over $6 000 in 
19^0, the students in charge, voted to donate the Department of Electrical Engineer- 
ing the sum of $120 for the purchase of small pieces of equipment needed in the 
electronics, radio, communication, and meter and relay laboratories. The last show 
to date was held on April 9-11, 19^2. 

During the recent years, the tendency has been to use more of the 
University's equipment and not so much from commercial exhibitors. Some of the 
apparatus is made for the purpose by students to display some feature of frivoloty 
such as the kiss-o-meter, the floating dishpan, and the electric chair. Most of the 
exhibits, however, have a serious purpose and seek to point out the latest advances 
in electrical engineering and are very instructive totthose who give them thoughtful 
consideration. Each exhibit is in tharge of a student or group of students who 



li&si bnu" 



901 
demonBtrates and explains the purDOses of the experiment or discusBss the historic 
development of the ap-naratus. 

One of the chief advantages of the Electrical Engineering Show aside 
from estahlishing the Electrical Engineering Loan Fund for students and from 
demonstrating to the puhlic the many uses of electricity, is that it has a 
unique and distinctive educational value to the students who organize and conduct 
the Show. The Show is an undertaking which calls for a consideration of practi- 
cally all of the factors involved in any Industrial or engineering project. The 
organization demands a careful consideration of the set-up of officers who should 
have charge of the enterprise. The selection of the student officers requires a 
careful consideration of the kinds of ahility which should he possessed "by the 
one holding each office as well as an analysis of the abilities of the various 
students in the department who are eligible for the various -places. The under- 
taking necessitates that some consideration "be given to "business and finance 
matters and to the problems of setting up machinery for carrying on the project. 
Some consideration must "be given to the Show itself and to. the selection of 
exhibits which will be most worth while and \dilch can be staged -vrilthout undue time 
and expense. Some attention must also be given to a careful consideration of 
advertising and publicity. All of these things are aside from the problems which 
arise as the exhibits are worked out and perfected. There have been many evi- 
dences that individual students have been stimulated, encouraged, and helped by 
the work they do in connection with the Show. For example, certain stiidents who 
do not have the sunerior qualities which lead to high scholastic records find 
that thay possess other abilities which account for much in the practical affairs 
of life. Others soon discover that they have unusuaJqualities for leadership. 
Above all, the students have an opportunity to get valuable experience in doing 
things together. Something like I50 to 200 Individuals take an active part in 
one way or another to make each show a success. 

^Ineerlng Ooen House^ or Illinois Student Engineering Exhibit . --The first regular 
all- engineering open house was held on March 23, 1920, to commemorate the cen- 






■eiBitaaBO»a ^r. 



lioiTv 



»X«8' 



902 

tennary of the Tiirth of James Watt, as previously mentioned. Early in the afternoon, 
Dr. L. P. Breckenrldge, from I893 to 1909, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at the 
University of Illinois, and after 1909, Professor of Mechanical Engineering at :. 
Yals University, ^gH96 an' address in the University Auditorium on the suhject "James 
Watt, his Life and its Influence upon the Industrial Development of the World". 
Later in the afternoon and during the evening, the puhllc was given the ppportunlty 
to inspect the exhibits and demonstrations in the lahoratories, drafting rooms, 
and shcms. A 20-page pamphlet vas issued which descrihed "briefly the sixty exhibits, 
part of which were active and part, static. The pamphlet also contained a map of 
the engineering group of "buildings with a marked line to show the "best order of 
making the tour. 

Still other onen houses, or as they were later designated Illinois Student 
Engineering Exhi'bitione, followed through the years with students in all departments 
taking part, working imder the direction of the Engineering Council "or other similar 
authority and a committee of the engineering faculty. The sessions usually ran 
from a"bout 3:00 or l^:00 o'clock on Saturday afternoon to 11:00 in the evening. The 
particular dates chosen for these exhi"bitions were December 3, 1921; Decem'ber 8, 
1923; December 5, 1925; December 3, 1927; March lU, 1931; April 13, 1935; April 17, 
1937; May 6, 1939; and Auril k and 5, 19*^1. During the later years, invitations 
were sent to the high schools of the State, to "boy-scout groups, and to other 
persons from other state and near"by colleges. 

The Engineering Open House has never "been a stunt show, a Ithough many of 
its exhi"bits have "been quite spectacular. Its purpose is primarily educational, 
and the exhi"bit8 have "been displayed with the avowed aim of acquainting the students 
and faculty of the College of Engineering and of other colleges on the canipus as 
well as the r)u"blic in general, with the facilities and work of the College as a 
whole. The demonstrations do not depart from the routine that may normally he ob- 
served in the conduct of the activities of College during the school year. They 
are intended to show in such a manner as the public can readily observe, seme of the 
fimdamental principles that underlie the science of engineering. In only a few 



903 

cases has outside help been solicited in the preparation of exhibits, and then only 

vhen certain commercial exhibits could demonstrate more fully the operation of "basic 

laws. No admission charge has ever been made to finance the exhibitions. 

J. STUDENT AMATEUR RADIO STATIONS 
1 
Radio Station 9 BCS.- In the spring of 192U, s 5-'watt radio set operating on a 

UO-meter wave length, was nut together and operated in the Old Armory Annex. The 

range was short, iDartly due to the fact that a wave length of 200 meters was in 

general use. There was no organization of the station at that time and no organized 

radio club, the operation being carried on by radio amateurs attending the University. 

Synton, the prafeseional radio fraternity, previously mentioned, was organ- 
ized that fall, and the grout) took over the station. Power was increased to 10 
watts; and during the remainder of the 1925 season and the first semester of 1926-27, 
good communication was obtained with stations all over the world. During the 
second semester of 1926-27, power was Increased to 50 watts, using a tuned-plate, 
tuned-grid circuit on short waves. With this equi-oment, the range increased very 
markedly. During 1927-28, the station was moved from the Armory Annex into the 
northwest tower of the Armory on Wright Street. 

Early in the beginning of 1929, the U.S. Army obtained an apr,roprlatlon 

to be used in installing 250-watt crystal-controlled short-wave sets wherever there 

was a Signal Corps unit of the R. 0. T. C. This allowance did not cover the entire 

expense of such an elaborate set as Illinois had, and Synton financed the remainder 

at Illinois. The new station was used as one of the base control stations in the 

Army amateur net. . Eventually, all of the R. 0. T. C. Signal ConDS units will have 

such stations, and an intercollegiate news service can be carried on over the radio 

network. This work offered excellent practical training for signal -corps cadet 

operations, under ariproxlmately the same routine as is used in peace-time Armj'- work. 

Radio S t at ion W9Z0L. -During the summer of 1937, members of Synton completed a new 

500-watt transmitter, designated Radio Station W9Z0L. It vb-b licensed to :i.the student 

organization Synton through '^rofessor Hugh A. Brown, who until his death In February, 

19^ 5, a cted as trustee and hold the license. The room in which it is located, 236 
i. "From Radio Station 9BCS," by W. F. Ridgeway, E.E. '31, The TechnograiDh, March, 
1929, Page I33. 






"Joir^' orf."! 



901^ 

Armory Building, is furnished as a clu'b room. 

The receiving equipment usually consists of three receivers covering the 
broadcast, short-wave, and ultra short-wave hands. There are two main transmitters, 
one used for nhone communication over distances up to 200 miles and the other for 
code work with stations all over the world. The T)0wer is 3OO watts. Besides this, 
the Station is equipped with an oscillator for code practice and with small receivers 
and transmitters for exTJerimentation. 

In 1938-39 the new Synton l60-meter transmitter went on:.the air again, and 
a new six-tube commxmication receiver was installed in the station. 

K. MGINEERING STUDENT HONORS 
General. -Students in engineering are graduated with honors or high honors on the 
basis of exceptional scholastic achievement in certain specified courses, totaling 
about forty semester hours in the Junior and senior years of each curriculum, and 
of superior accomrjlishment in all other work of the curriculum. University recog- 
nition of high scholastic attainment is given special emohasis, also, by the Honors 
Day Convocation in which engineering students of all classes are included in numbers 
proportional to their registration in the University. In addition, engineering stu- 
dents are honored by election to all -University honor organizations as well as to 
College and departmental societies.. Furthermore, engineering students are eligible 
to comr>ete for University scholarship and fellowship awards. 

L. ENGINEERING PRIZIS MD AWARDS LIMTED TO THE UNIVJESITy 
a. ALL-ENGINEERING 

General. -Prizes and awards serve the useful purpose of stimulating the students to 

■out forth greater effort in the performance of their classroom and extracurricular 

a ctivities .__ I£^ ad.dition to the University prizes open to engineering students, there 
1. Honors Day, first established on May'"15, 1925, now one of the traditional events" 

>of the year, is marked by a specialUniversity convocation of students and faculty 
members to give, in a public way, specific and official recognition to students of 
outstanding records.. The occurrence, usually scheduled for May in each year and 
generally lasting about two hours, .formerly began with a procession of the University 
Senate in academic costume and honor students, down Broadwalk from the old Library 
Building, now Altgeld Hall, to the Auditorium, where the exercises are held. . Of 
late years, the procession has been omitted to conserve time. The program includes 
an address by some distinguished srjaker, followed by awards of prizes and the 
unveiling of the Bronze Tablet on which are listed the names of senior students in 
the Urbana de-oartments of the University, whose grades are in the upper three per 
cent of their class in both Junior and senior years. These tablets are later mounted 
permanently in one of the corridors of the General Library. 



905 
have "been numerous lorizee and avards made available through the generosity of 

individuals and engineering organizations, that have "been restricted to students 
in the College of Engineering. Some of these prizes and awards are still in effect; 
others are no longer availa'ble to students in the College due to changes in policy 
and administration. Some discussion regarding the various prizes and awards follows 
in the next few paragraphs. 

The Scha efer E ssay Prize. --Mr. John V. .Schaef er, alumnus. of ..the University of the 
class of 1889, honorary M.E., '05, for a time Instructor in the College of Engineer- 
ing, and later President of the Cement Gun Construction Company, offered a cash 
.prize of $30 in 1921 for the "best paT)er written "by a student of Illinois under certain 
stipulated conditions, for Mr. Schaefer, himself an ardent member of the Philomathean 
Literary Society during his student days, saw very clearly the value in training 
which constructive writing would "bring to the young engineer. The writer had to-, 
he "beyond the freshman year and had to he enrolled in one of the curricula offered 
by the College of Engineering. The paper had to he written by the cnitestant himself 
describing in from 1 5OO to 2 000 words some piece of engineering work or construc- 
tion with which he had been personally connected in some capacity during a vacation 
period. The essay had to be acconipanied by -ohotographs and freehand sketches made 
by the writer. • The paper was to be Judged by three men appointed by the Dean of 
the College of Engineering; and in making the award, consideration had to be given 
to diction, grammar, spelling, logical arrangement, completeness of description, 
excellence of |ihotographs and sketches, and accuracy of detail.. 

The plan was changed somewhat in 1922, when two prizes were offered 
instead of one, -$25 for the best pa-oer and $15 for the next best parier.. The offers 
were continued until 1931, but were withdrawn thereafter because of lack of interest 
among the students In such an undertaking. 

Sigma Ta u Pr ize. -For ar;number of years, Sigma Tau honor engineering society has 
offered annually the Sigma Tau scholarship medal to the sophomore student who made 
the highest grades of his class during his first year of work at the University. 
The Technograph Prizes. -In 1920-21, The Technograwh began the custom of offering each 
year a Mark's Engineers Handbook as a prize for the best article written by an under- 



906 

graduate engineering student describing eome phase of a summer's vork with which he 

had "been connected. The essays were limited to hetween 1 500 and 2 500 words. In 

1922-23, the prize was limited to freshmen only. The nature of the award was 

changed in 1928-29, when a "bronze key was presented to the author of the student 

article, published in each issue, which was the most deserving of honor, --the articles 

"being Judged hy the editorial staff of The Technograph. 

h. DEPARTMEPPTAL 
1. Architecture 

General^ -Prom the opening of the University until 1931, ^en the Department of 

Architectvire withdrew from the College of Engineering to Join the College of Fine 

I 
and Applied Art, any arrangements made regarding prizes for students in that Depart- 
ment were subject to the general supervision of the College of Engineering. The 
list of prizes offered to students in that Department during that period are therefore 
described along with the others that are now or have been available to students in 
other departments of the College of Engineering. 

The Plym Fellowship in Architecture . -A traveling fellowship carrying a stipend of 
$1 000 a year f c«r advanced study in Architecture Has made available in 1910-11 to 
the Board of Trustees of the University by Mr. Francis John Plym of Niles, Michigan, 
--graduate of the Department of Architectvire with the class of I897. During his 
school days, Mr. Plym was a member of the Adelphic Literary Society, and during his 
senior year, he was manager of the Illini. In I906, he organized in Kansas City, 
the Kewaneer Manufacturing Con^jany, making a specialty of various building fixtures 
which were widely used. Later, however, he transferred his operations to Niles, 
Michigan. 

The following letter by Mr. ?lym to the Trustees, expressed his desire in 
this matter of fellowships: 

"In consideration of the great advantage which I received from the 
University of Illinois as a student, in testimony of my appreciation of this service, 
and because of my desire to do what I may in order to make the work of the institu- 
tion more effective, I beg leave to offer to the University of Illinois the sum of 
one thousand dollars per annum in order to establish a fellowship for the advanced 
study of Architecture, Trtiich fellowship shall be assigned under rules and regulations 
which may be developed by the Board of Trustees of the University of Illinois''. 



907 

The holdei' of the fellowship, vhich vas avarded annually "by competition in 

architectural design, was required to spend a year in study abroad, the money heing 

availahle for defraying expenses incurred thereby. The first competition vas held 

that 
in 1911-12, and one vas held annually 'Rft«r/ except for the years 1918-19 and 1919-20 

during World War I. So far as it is known, this is the first rdgular Scholarship 
award to he presented within the College of Engineering. 

Mr. Plym continued to maintain the fellowship on a short-term basis until 
1923, when he presented to the Board of Trustees as endowments certain holdings 
of stocks that became known as the Plym Endowment Fund, the income of which was to 
be used for financing the Plym Fellowship, which at that time was increased to 
$1 200 a year, and for establishing a foreign traveling scholarship for architectural 
engineering students, and for maintaining special local prizes described in later 
•naragraphs . 

Th e Plym F oreign Scholarship^ in Architectural Eng ineering. -The ^lym Foreign 
Scholarship for Architectural Engineers, established in I923 as mentioned in the 
preceding paragraph, was first offered in I92I1-25. It carried a stipend of $700 a 
year and specified that the holder should spend six months abroad in the study of 
engineering and architecture. 

The NorthwesteiTi Te rra C ot ta Co mpany Prize. --During the year 1912-13, the North- 
western Terra Cotta Company offered a prize of $50 for the best design for a building 
for execution in terra cotta. A problem was given to the more advanced Juniors of 
the Department, and so many of the designs submitted had points, of excellence, that 
the prize was divided among five of the contestants. 

The Llewellyn Prize. -Beginning in the fall of 1913, Mr. J. C. Llewellyn, Illinois '77, 
offered a prize of $50 a year to be given four consecutive years for the purpose 
f of stimulating the study of design by the students in architectural engineering. At 
the' end of that period he did not renew his offer' because of existing uncertainties 
due to the war and conditions in industry. 

1. In 1937-36^ the plan was changed very materially, when the award became known as 
the Plym Fellowship in Architectural Engineering. The stipend was increased to 
$1 200. It is offered annually, and the winner of the prize must use the money for a 
yeaj:'s travel and study abroad. 



908 
The Bicker Prize in Architectural Hi story. -The Bicker Prize in the Historycf 
Architecture, founded "by the Alpha Rho Chi Fraternity in 1922 and first offered in 
1921-22 or 1922-23, vas established in conmeinoratiTe honor of the long, faithful, 
and distinguished services of Dr. Nathan Clifford Bicker to the Department, to the 
University, and to the architectural profession, especially along the lines of 
architectural history, for he had taught architectural history in the University for 
fifty years. The prizes were awarded for the "best three essays or drawings which 
were presented upon a subject prescrihed hy the Professor of History of Architecture. 
At first, the prizes consisted of ;50 doll a ro worth of architectural history "books 
given annually to three competitors, -the highest receiving $25, the second $15, and 
the third $10. Later, the awards were made in three gold keys. 

The Van Port Prizes. -Ofi account of his interest in the Department of Architecture in 
general and in Professor Bicker and his work in particular, Mr. G. Broes Van Dort 
of Chicago, offered in November, 1922, $25 worth of "books to be awarded as prizes 
by the Department of Architecture in connection with some problem in design. Since 
the details were left to the staff here, It was decided that this money should be 
divided into two prizes, --one of $15 and the other of $10, -and that theprizes shoxild 
be allocated to the senior work in architectural design. Mr. Van Dort repeated his 
offer in 1923 and 192U. He also gave similar amounts during the years 1929-30 and 
1930-31, not only for the solution of problems in senior design, but also for 
those in Junior architectural design. 

The "Plym Prizes for_ Architectural Biglneers . -For some time, the Department of 
Architecture offered as prizes $50 of the interest which accumulated from the 
$4 000 invested by The University from the four Plym Fellowships which were not used 
during World War I because the winners were not able to go abroad to study. After 
► 1923 -2^^, the prizes were changed somewhat, for a part of the proceeds from the en- 
dowment by Mr. Plym was used for prizes for architectural engineers. Seventy-five 
dollars were used annually for the purchase of books as awards to those three 
seniors in Architectural Engineering who -oresented the most orderly and best solution 
to the problems which were presented. In making the decision, the work of the 



909 

Sggond 

entire /semester vas conalderedj and the accuracy, arrangement, neatness, sketches, 

and draftsmanship were factors upon which the awards were "based. 

The Plym Fr i ze for Summer Sketc h es . -In order to stimulate interest in summer sketching 
a prize of $15 from the interest on the "Plym Endowment Fund was used for the purchase 
of "books to "be awarded to that student who presented the most interesting and "best 
ovitdoor sketch or "best collection of outdoor sketches made during the summer vacation, 
^e Pl ym Prize for Sketch Problems. -Ten dollars of the Interest from the Plym 
Endowment Fund w«iEused each year for "books to "be awarded as a prize for the "best 
solution of any sketch problems su'bmltted during the academic year. The purpose 
of the offer was to stimulate students in undertaking the voluntary sketch pro"blems 
offered, as it was through the sketch pro"blem that a student in a few hours could 
record his thou^ts and present them in a logical manner. This prize was first 
offered in 192lt-25. 

The Alle rton American_Trayelling Scholar ships. -Mr. Robert Allerton offered the 
Department of Architecture in 1928-29, $800 to he used "by two ranking Junior students 
who were registered in History of Architecture, for travel through New England that 
summer to study early American architectvire . 

^® .1^^. L^r^J* .^OHPA^*A.95:_f°?. Architecture and Landscape Architecture. --The Lake 
Forest Foundation for Architecture and Landscape Architecture was established in 
1927-28. Each spring, each of the departments of architecture and landscape 
architecttire at Ohio, Iowa, Michigan, and Illinois, recommend two seniors for a 
three -months' summer cotirse to be given at Lake Forest. 

The G ross " Prize . -In the fall of 1925, Mr. Christian Gross, Secretary, The American 
Embassy, Paris, gave the sum of $100 as a prize on a design for "A Villa" by stu- 
dents in architectural design. 
' MQ^Agffl^ Insti tute of Architects School Medal. -Bach year since 191^, the American 
Institute of Architects has presented a medal to the senior in Architectiu:*e who 
showed the greatest and most cionsi stent development during his four-year course in 
the University. Scholarship in all phases of the work is considered in formulating 
the award. 



910 
Scarab_Medals. -During the second semester of each year since 191^^-15, the Scaral) 
Competition has heen conducted under the auspices of the Department of Architecture 
for a "bronze medal to he awarded to that junior in architectural design who should 
present the hest solution to an assigned problem. In 1926-2?, the Scarah Fraternity 
began to offer a medal, also, to architectural engineers for proficiency in srchi- 
tectviral design. 

Gargoyle Certificate. -Beginning in 1926-27, Gargoyle Society established the custom 
of awarding a certificate of merit to that sophomore in architecture and architect- 
ural engineering who made the highest average grades during his freshman year. In 
addition to the certificate from the Society, he had his name placed on the honor 
roll hung in the Ricker Library. 

2. CIVIL ENGIKEERING 
Ira 0. Ba ker Prizes. -In 1923 -2U, the late Dr. Ira 0. Baker, Professor of Civil 
Engineering, Ekeritus, and for forty-eight years a professor in the department, 
endowed two -orizes to be awarded annually to the two ranking senior students in 
civil engineering rated on the following basis: 

Scholarship 10l> 

Authorship of technical articles 10 
Activity in technical associations 10 

General characteristics 10_ 

100 " 

These prizes, amounting to $75 and $25 respectively, are presented primarily 
on excellence of scholarship and secondarily on personal qualifications and pro- 
fessional activity, as the above rating indicates. The names of the winners in each 
year are placed on a bronze tablet located near the office of the Department of 
Civil Engineering, and a special certificate is granted to each winner. Since 
193^-35, the awards have been made at a special convocation of civil-engineering 
) students, called during one of the morning class periods, as a means of giving 
public recognition for meritorious attainment. 

A wards of the Central Illinois Section of the Ameri ca n Society of Civil Engineers. - 
Since 1931, the Central Illinois Section of the American Society of Civil :V 



911 
Engineers has offered annually, a year of Jxinior membership to the American Society 
of Civil Engineers, a hadge of the Society, and an engrossed certificate of avard, to 
tvo graduating civil engineers and to one graduating non-civil engineer who have 
attained high scholarship averages and vho have "been active in |>romoting the affairs 
•of the stttdent chapter at the University. 

Avar ds_ of th e Illinois Section of the__American So ciety of C ivil E ngii^eers . -The 
Illinois Section of the American Society of Civil Engineers makes eight a'vrards each 
year of the Initial fees for Jtinior memhershlp in the parent organization, to stu- 
dents in engineering schools located in the vicinity of Chicago*, two of these 
heing graduating students at the University of Illinois. Vfhile they are not 
necessarily students registered in civil engineering, they must "be members of the 
student chapter. The men selected, receive their awards at a special meeting called 
for the purpose In Chicago. 

Awar ds of the Student Chapte r of the Am erican Socie ty of civil Engine ers. -In 1922-23 
the Student Chapter of the American Society of Civil Engineers offered a Ketchums' 
Structural Engineers' Handbook to the civil engineering student writing the best 
article on summer work. The article had to be limited to between 1000 and 2000 words. 

3. MECHANICAL MGINEERING 
American Society of Mecha n ical E ngi neers ' Prizes. --On October 6, 1915 > the American 
Society of Mechanical Engineers initiated a custom of offering a trophy cup as an 
award for the best original paper prepared and read before the Student Branch of 
the Society by a student member of that organization. 

Central Illinois Section of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers' Pr izes. - 
At the May 3rd, 1939, meeting of the Student Branch of the American Society of 
ffechanical Engineers, six mechanical engineering students read original essays from 
' which three were selected to present their -oapers, in coraoetition for awards, at 

a dinner meeting of the Central Illinois Section of theAmerican Society of Mechanical 
Engineers. The diimer meeting was heldc'at the University Club on, the evening of 
May 6, 1939, with 69 members in attendance. The three prizes were $15, $10, and $5- 
The results were so satisfactory that the loractice of conducting such contests has 



orf ^arx0llr^3 la 9,: 






'>t i>x>iW" 



912 

continued to date. 

PI Tau Sigm a Prize .- Pi Tau Sigma, honorary mechanical engineering .fraternity, 
usually presents each year a mechanical engineer's handbook to the mechsjilcal- 
engineering freshman with the higfeest scholastic standing for the year. 

•■•."•' ■" .** h. ELECTRICAL ENGINEIRIMG 
Eta Kappa Wu Prize. -The Eta Kapna Nu honorary electrical engineering fraternity, 
re-estahlished an old custom in 1922-23 by offering a Penders' Handbook to the sof^ho- 
more student in electrical engineering who during his freshman year made the highest 
grades in all of hie work. The prize was -oresented each fall at an open meeting of 
the fraternity given fon freshmen and sophomores. 

5. CERAMIC ENGIKES^HTG 
Keramos Prize xBeginning in 1922-23, Keramos, honorary ceramic fraternity, decided 
to give a prize to the soohomore ceramic student having the highest scholastic 
average for the freshman year. . The prize cnnsisted Of a years' subscription to 
the Proceedings of the American Society of Ceramic Engineers and one year's sub- 
scription to the Transactions. 

M. PRIZBS AND AVfARDS NOT LIMITED TO THE UWIVHRSITy 
Americ an S oci ety o f Mechanical Engineers' Prj,ze . -Since 1932, the American Society 
of Mechanical Engineers has sponsored an Annual Midwest Student Branch Conference 
that has been held in Chicago or some other midwest point, as T^reviously mentioned, 
in which members of the student branches of the Society from midwest engineering 
schools compete in the presentation as: original paisers. The prize offered is an 
award of $50 for the most meritorious paper and $25 for the next best presented at 
the Conference. As many as seventeen schools have been represented at one time in 
these contests. 

Highw ay Pr ize. -Since 1936-37, the Illinois Association of County Superintendents of 
Highways has given an annual prize of $25 for the best paper written by a senior in 
Civil Engineering on the highway field, such as design, construction, maintenance, 
and so on. This is given with the vmderstanding that the winning paper will be 
presented at the Annual Highway Conference of Illinois. 



913 

J ohn Smeaton Award . --Since 1936-37, The Illinois Concrete Pipe Association has given 
an annual prize of $25 for the "beat naper written "by a senior on the maniofacture of 
concrete pipe. 

Tau Beta Pi Fellowship .--Fix fellowshiDS of approximately $650 each, for graduate 
study in any engineering college of recognized standing, are awarded annually hj 
Ta.u Beta Pi, national engineering honor society, in competitions open to members 
of the organization in any American college -t;r university where a chanter of Tau 
Beta Pi exists. The recipients are selected "by a national "board from candidates 
recommended "by the local chapters. 

American Institute of Mining a.nd Metallurgical ^ginejer£'_ Prize. --Since 1939, the 
American Institute of Mining and Metallurgical Engineers has sponsored a "Ftudent 
Technical "Paper Writing Contest*. The papers written l)y Illinois students are 
presented at the Chicago and St. Louie Section meeting of the A.I M.E and then 
are forwarded to the National meeting in New York where they are Judged in compe- 
tition with those from other regions. 

N. EKGITIESRING STUDENT DEBATING CONTESTS 
General. rA de"bating team of tliree men from the College of Engineering was organized 
a"bout 1923-2^1 to de'bate with teajns from some of the other colleges on the campus. 
The next year thei-e was e8ta"blished here the Inter-college League for the purpose 
of stimulating intramural de"bating on the campus . . Teams taking part represented 
the Colleges of Engineering, Commerce, Law, Education, Agriculture, and Ll"beral Arts 
and Sciences. 

As the plan operated in the College of Engineering, the candidates who 
survived the preliminary elimination try-outs, -and there were six of these for first 
competition under the new set-up, -were allowed two weeks to prenare for the College 
of Engineering finals. In this final try-out, two men were chosen from the six to 
represent the College of Engineering in the inter-college de"bates. Each of these 
men was awarded a prize of $25. Each mem"ber of the team winning the all -University 
dehate received $50 and members of the losing team $25. In addition to these 



91^ 
prizep, F:: silver cup^ on which the names of the dehaters and their years vejein- 
scrihed, was presented to the College whose team won the final dehate. 

These dehates, in which the engineers usually won more than an even share 
of the contests^ served tb provide the ODportunlties for and advantages of keen 
forensic competition and to develop a stronger es-prit de corps among members of the 
student hody. 

0. ENGINEERING STUDENT SOCIAL EVENTS 
a.. .'VLL-COLLEGE AFFAIRS 
Engineering Dances. -ITie custom of holding engineering student dances was instituted 
on A-oril 15, 1910, when ahout 170 couples met in the Armory on Siiringfield Avenue 
to waltz to the rythmic tunes of old-time music. The second one was on April 21, 
1911, the third of Aijril 12, 1912, in which 175 couples took part, the fourth on 
April h, 1913, the fifth on April 3O, 1915; and the sixth on April 29, 19l6,-all in 
the Armory on Springfield Avenue, or as it became known in I916 as the Gjomiasium 
Annex.. The practice was discontinued during the war and was not revived for a 
number of years, -the next on record being held on April I3, I923. Others in series 
followed on April k, 192*+, March 27, 1925, March 26, I926, and March 23, 1928,-all 
in the Gymnasium Annex. The outstanding advantages of such gatherings ere to provide 
for wholesome student entertainment, to serve as a means of forming acquaintenships, 
and to -oromote and maintain a proper balance of college spirit. 

St. Patrick's Ball. -Although the traditional St. Patrick's Day comes on Maxch 17, 
the first all --engineers' dance that was designated as St. Patrick's Ball was held in 
the Urbana -Lincoln Hotel on the evening of April 17, 193^, under s-oonsorship of the 
Engineering Council. There were about 25O couples in attendance at this affair. 
Approximately ^50 couples attended the second Bal]. held in the Gymnasium Annex on 
March 16, 1935- The third Ball was held in the Gymnasiim Annex on March 27, 1936, 
and the fourth on March 12, 1937. The C^eorge Huff Gymnasium was the scene of the 
fifth, held on March 25, 1938, and the lower gymnasium of the Woman's Building, the 
sixth, on March 17, 1939, about 3OO couples taking part. None has been held since 
that time. 



915 

All -Engineering Smokers . -All-engineering parties, generally smokers, have "been 

held from time to time under the auspices of some central administrative group. 

One of these was held in the old Illinois Union Building on Wright Street on the 

evening of Decemher ik, 1923. The principal attraction there was a "boxing and 

fencing match. The first smoker sponsored hy the Engineering Council, and the 

first event