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THE 

NEW  YORK  PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


PRESENTED  BY 


Uew  YiDrk-VoluatBer-lnfantry 
Forty-fourth  Regiment 
•yrnvp.mhftr   in  I   i  919, 


A   HISTORY  OF  THE 

FORTY-FOURTH  REGIMENT,  NEW  YORK 

VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 


/.^C^<n 


44rH    X     ^-     \.    MOXUMKXT    ox 


-MU.NL.MhXl     OX     -LITTLK    R(J>U\U    TOP" 
GETTYSBURG    BATTLEFIELD  ' 


A   HISTORY 


OF  THE 


^etD  ^orfe  Bolunteer  3nfantr|> 


IN  THE 


CIVIL   WAR,   1861-1865 


BY 

CAPTAIN   EUGENE  ARUS  NASH 


CHICAGO 

R.  R.  DONNELLEY   &   SONS   COMPANY 
1911 


(PUBLIC 
913615 


CcPYRiGHT,  igio,  BY  George  B.  Herenden 


R.  R.  DONNELLEY  &•  SONS  COMPANY 
CHICAGO 


TO 

THE  MEMORY  OF  THE  COMRADES 

OB 

THE   FORTY-FOURTH  REGIMENT 

NEW   YORK    VOLUNTEER    INFANTRY 

WHO    SERVED   IN 

THE  WAR   FOR  THE   INTEGRITY 

OF  THE  UNION 

1861-1865 


CONTENTS. 


Chapter  Page 

I    Sketch  of  the  Life  of  Colonel  E.  E.  Ellsworth        .     .  i 

II    The  Ellsworth  Ass'n  of  the  State  of  New  York      .     .  7 

III  Organization  of  the  Regiment        13 

IV  Going  to  the  Front 37 

V    The  Winter  of  186 1-2  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va 47 

VI    The  Army  of  the  Potomac  Moves 60 

VII    YoRKTowN,  the  Peninsula  AND  Hanover  C.  H.        ...  66 
VIII    The  Seven  Days'  Fight;  Mechanicsville,  Gaines'  Mills, 

Savage  Station,  White  Oak  Swamp  and  Malvern  Hill  8o 

IX    The  Army  Leaves  the  Peninsula;  Second  Bull  Run       .  95 

X    The  Antietam  (Md.)  Campaign 103 

XI    Gen.  Burnside  Relieves  Gen.   McClellan;    Fredericks- 
burg         no 

XII    Gen.  Joseph  Hooker  Takes  Command;  Chancellors ville, 

Aldie 125 

XIII  Gen.  Meade  Takes  Command;  Gettysburg,  Pa.       .     .     .  139 

XIV  The   Return  to  Virginia;   Jones'  Cross  Roads,  Wapping 

Heights,  Rappahannock  Station,  Mine  Run   ....  159 
XV    The  Winter  of  1863-4;  R.  R.  Guard  Duty;  Alexandria,  Va.  178 

XVI    The  Campaign  of  1864;  The  Wilderness 183 

XVII    Gen.  Grant   Makes    a  Flank   Movement;   Laurel  Hill, 

Spottsylvania,  North  Anna,  Bethesda  Church  .     .     .  187 
XVIII     From  May  30,  '64,  to  End  of  Regiment's  Service:  Cold 

Harbor,  Petersburg,  Weldon  R.  R 197 

XIX    The  44th  N.  Y.  Battalion,  Poplar  Spring  Church     .     .     .  207 

XX    Homeward  Bound,  M.  O.,  Oct.  ii,  1864 215 

XXI    Brig.  Gen.  James  C.  Rice 223 

XXII    Itinerary  of  the  Regiment  and  Battalion 228 

XXIII  Casualties  in  Battle 233 

XXIV  Appendix 

Third  Brigade  at  Appomatox  —  General  J.  L.  Chamberlain  243 

The  Adjutant's  Story  —  Captain  O.  L.  Munger.      .      .      .  250 

"New"  Company  E  —  Captain  A.  N.  Husted 261 

The  Captain's  Story  —  Captain  C.  A.  Woodworth.  .      .      .  262 

Elnathan  Meade's  Story  —  By  Himself 265 

Captain  Grannis  in  Libby  Prison 267 

"In  the  Company  Street"  —  Colonel  Charles  E.  Sprague.  .  275 
Service  with  the  44TH  N.  Y.  in  1864  —  Captain  B.  R, 

Wood,  Jr 285 

A  Sample  War  Experience  —  James  S.  Dougall.     .      .      .  293 

Lieutenant  Eugene  L.  Dunham  —  O.  C.  Brown.  .      .      .  295 


CONTENTS— CofHinued. 

Chapter  Page 

In  Memoriam,  Charles  E.  Pease  —  Bradford  R.  Wood    .  296 

Gettysburg  in  Perspective  —  Captain  A.  N.  Husted.  .     .  297 

An  Incident  —  Captain  O.  L.  Hunger 303 

Letter  by  D.  Shapley,  Jr.,  August  21,  '61 304 

Letter  by  McKendree  Shaw 306 

Letter  from  D.  Shapley,  Jr.,  October  16,  '61     .     .     .  308 

Letter  from  Alex.  McRoberts 310 

Resolutions  on  Death  of  Chas.  Chappell 311 

Letter  by  G.  S.  Parker 312 

Resignation  of  Major  J.  McKown 314 

Battle  of  Hanover  C.  H 316 

The  Story  of  a  Hero 318 

Appointments  in  44TH  N.  Y 319 

Letter  by  Acting  Adjutant  Nash 320 

Letter  by  Sergeant  Willett 321 

Picketing  on  the  Rappahannock 322 

Letter  by  E.  L.  Harris 323 

Letter  by  Capt.  Kimberly 324 

Letter  from  a  Member  of  Company  A 326 

William  Nelson  Norris 328 

Letter  by  Geo.  H.  Spry 329 

A  Trip  into  Rebeldom 331 

Letter  by  M.  H.  Bliss 332 

Letter  by  John  E.  Stewart 334 

Execution  of  Five  Deserters 335 

Weldon  Railroad 338 

Norman  Ottman  is  Dead 339 

Death  of  a  Member  of  the  44TH  Regiment   ....  340 

Brigadier  General  Edward  P.  Chapin 341 

Sword  Presentation  to  Col.  Rice 343 

Gettysburg  Letter  from  Col.  Rice 349 

Letter  from  Geo.  E.  Baker 350 

XXV    Roster  of  the  Regiment 353 

Index  of  Portraits,  Views  and  Maps 473 

General  Index  475 


IN   MEMORIAM 


COLONEL  EUGENE  ARUS  NASH  DIED  AT  HIS  HOME  IN 
CATTARAUGUS,  N.  Y.,  SUNDAY  MORNING,  JANUARY  1,  1911. 

THE  MEMBERS  OF  THE  PUBLICATION  COMMITTEE  WISH 
TO  GIVE  EXPRESSION  TO  THEIR  SENSE  OF  GREAT  LOSS  AND 
THEIR  APPRECIATION  OF  THE  FINE  CHARACTER  AND  USE- 
FUL LIFE  OF  THE  COMRADE  WTIOSE  SUDDEN  DEMISE  HAS 
BROUGHT  SORROW  TO  SO  MANY  HEARTS.  IT  IS  A  MATTER  OF 
REGRET  THAT  HE  COULD  NOT  HAVE  SEEN,  IN  BOOK  FORM,  THE 
HISTORY  OF  THE  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  WHICH  HE  HAD  SO  STU- 
DIOUSLY AND  CAREFULLY  EDITED.  WE  FIND,  HOWEVER, 
DEEP  SATISFACTION  IN  THE  FACT  THAT  HE  HAD  COM- 
PLETED HIS  PART  OF  THE  WORK  AND  THIS  WILL  REMAIN 
FOR  MANY  YEARS  A  TOKEN  OF  HIS  LOVE  FOR  THE  REGIMENT 
WITH  WHICH  HE  SO  FAITHFULLY  SERVED. 

A  BRAVE  AND  CAPABLE  OFFICER,  COLONEL  NASH  DESERVED 
AND  POSSESSED  THE  CONFIDENCE  AND  LOVE  OF  THE  ENTIRE 
REGIMENT  TO  A  VERY  UNUSUAL  DEGREE. 


PREFACE 

In  writing  the  history  of  a  regiment,  which  is  a  part  of  a 
large  army,  it  is  somewhat  difficult  to  determine  what  opera- 
tions belong  to  it,  and  what  more  properly  belong  to  larger  sub- 
divisions. Each  in  a  measure  is  involved  in  the  other.  As  dif- 
ferent members  of  the  same  regiment  did  not  have  the  same 
precise  experiences,  and  did  not  see  what  occurred  from  the 
same  stand  point,  so  a  regimental  narrative  may  not  in  all  its 
parts  portray  the  views  and  recollections  of  each.  Time,  too, 
has  been  busy  in  obliterating  the  footprints  of  the  contending 
armies,  and  obscuring  the  recollection  of  events  by  those  who 
were  participants.  A  general  treatise  of  the  war  is  apt  to  tell 
the  conduct  of  campaigns,  the  operations  of  armies  and  the 
strategy  of  generals.  The  history  of  a  regiment  should  take 
the  reader  into  camp,  show  how  the  rank  and  file  are  sheltered 
and  fed,  portray  the  experiences  on  the  skirmish  and  picket 
lines,  describe  the  trying  vicissitudes  of  those  who  execute  the 
commands  of  generals  and  bear  the  burdens  and  dangers  of  the 
conflict.  One  who  has  participated  in  battles  and  witnessed 
their  fluctuating  movements  is  often  filled  with  astonishment 
at  the  failure  to  portray  events  as  they  actually  occurred.  A 
most  interesting  history  of  a  great  battle  would  be  the  faithful 
portrayal  of  what  actually  took  place  by  the  different  members 
on  the  firing  line  and  in  the  heat  of  the  conflict. 

The  history  of  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York  Volunteers, 
the  People's  Ellsworth  Regiment,  ought  to  have  been  written 
many  years  ago,  while  a  larger  number  of  its  survivors  were 
still  living  and  while  its  transactions  were  fresher  in  the  mem- 
ory. The  following  work  is  a  tardy,  and  it  may  be,  but  a  par- 
tial record  of  one  of  the  most  select  and  gallant  organizations 
of  men  that  the  state  of  New  York  ever  produced.  The  incep- 
tion and  development  of  the  plan  of  its  organization.,  its  pa- 
triotic purpose,  the  select  material  of  which  it  was  composed, 
its  faithful,  gallant  services,  all  combine  to  emphasize  the  im- 
portance of  perpetuating  its  proud  record.  The  entire  mem- 
bership of  this  noted  regiment,  its  dead  as  well  as  its  living, 
demand  this. 

It  would  be  very  unjust  for  him  who  has  been  designated 

xi 


xiv  INTRODUCTION 

"burning  questions"  of  the  day,  were  profitably  considered 
and  ably  discussed.  The  primal  elements  of  manhood,  indeed, 
lie  deeper  than  degrees  of  education  and  culture;  but  when 
the  intelligent  mind  is  able  to  comprehend  the  reasons,  and 
the  disciplined  spirit  to  recognize  the  worth,  of  the  cause  to 
which  they  are  committed,  then  even  courage,  fortitude  and 
loyalty  take  on  a  deeper  strength.  These  men  knew  well  the 
full  meaning  of  the  old  flag,  and  the  grounds  of  the  great  issue 
for  which  it  was  uplifted.  Even  its  wider  bearings  were  not 
beyond  their  apprehension.  It  was  their  voice  as  well  as  his 
own,  when,  scaling  the  steeps  of  Round  Top,  their  Colonel,  the 
fervid  Rice,  rode  up  to  me  and  said  in  the  tone  and  manner  of 
a  prophet,  "Colonel,  we  are  making  world-history  to-day !" 

Nor  was  it  the  case  with  this  regiment,  as  it  was  with  many, 
that  it  took  its  character  from  its  commander.  The  almost 
mystic  devotion  exemplified  before  them  was  not  deeper  than 
their  own  loyalty,  courage  and  lofty  obedience.  There  were 
subordinate  officers  and  men  of  the  ranks  of  this  regiment  quite 
able  to  judge  of  the  character  of  commanders  and  their  tactics, 
who  refrained  from  comment,  and  obeyed  without  protest  or- 
ders that  led  to  unavailing  death,  as  bravely  as  they  did  the 
well-considered  plans  and  gallant  leadership  which  secured  vic- 
tory, because  mind  and  soul  had  mastered  circumstances  and 
overcome  matter. 

I  remember  having  a  sensation  of  instinctive  protest  when 
it  was  necessary  to  order  this  regiment  into  a  storm-center  of 
destruction  where  there  was  little  chance  of  avail  or  survival, 
and  how  this  was  overborne  by  a  thrill  of  pride  when  their 
gallant  flag  went  down  with  its  brave  bearers  again  and  again, 
to  be  instantly  lifted  in  quick  succession  and  borne  still  aloft 
and  onward  by  ever-ready  hands  and  undaunted  hearts.  The 
career  of  this  regiment  more  than  fulfilled  the  trusts  reposed  in 
it  by  its  founders,  and  secured  for  its  members  immortal  honor. 
It  is  with  deep  and  far-reaching  sensibility  that  I  am  per- 
mitted to  traverse  in  this  history  fields  of  glorious  offering  and 
noblest  service  for  the  Country's  life,  and  thus  renew  the  high 
companionship  so  deeply  cherished  from  those  early  beginnings 
in  darkness  and  seeming  defeat  up  to  that  crowning  morning 
which  beheld  the  new  birth  of  a  nation  and  the  welcome  of  the 
world. 

Joshua  L.  Chamberlain. 


A  History  of  the  Forty-Fourth 
Regiment,  New  York  Vol- 
unteer Infantry 

CHAPTER  I. 

COLONEL   E.   ELMER  ELLSWORTH. 

A  few  miles  away  from  the  town  of  Mechanicsville,  N.  Y., 
and  not  far  from  the  city  of  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  the  little  village 
of  Malta,  Ephraim  Elmer  Ellsworth  was  born  on  the  nth  day 
of  April,  1837.  This  is  a  locality  near  those  made  historic  by 
the  success  of  patriot  arms — the  scene  of  one  of  the  decisive 
battles  of  the  War  for  Independence. 

At  the  district  school  in  this  little  village  Ellsworth  received 
his  first  knowledge  of  books,  rules  of  discipline  and  his  fellows. 
He  is  said  to  have  been  a  favorite  with  his  master,  manly,  a 
leader  amongst  and  loved  by  his  school  mates  (whom  he  used 
to  drill  with  sticks),  quick  to  learn,  apt  of  memory  and  young 
as  he  was,  he  had  a  love  of  such  books  as  told  of  war  and  the 
lives  and  deeds  of  men  great  in  war. 

In  1 85 1  he  entered  the  country  store  in  this  little  village  of 
Malta  and  was  there  a  year  learning  something  of  the  ways 
of  business,  and  then  went  to  the  city  of  Troy,  where  his  en- 
trance into  the  business  world,  with  its  struggles  for  wealth 
and  existence,  was  made.  After  remaining  in  Troy  for  about  a 
year,  he  turned  his  steps  towards  the  metropolis  of  the  nation, 
thinking  to  better  his  condition,  and  though  he  remained  in  the 
city  of  New  York  but  a  year,  it  proved  an  eventful  one  to  him. 
He  was  present  at  every  drill  of  the  celebrated  Seventh  Regi- 
ment that  it  was  possible  for  him  to  attend,  read  books  of  tac- 
tics, and  seemed  here  first  to  feel  the  force  of  those  ideas  re- 
garding military  matters  which  afterwards  came  to  such  splen- 
did fruition. 


2  44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  I.  Ellsworth.  1859 

For  several  years  after  this  period  nothing  unusual  took 
place  in  his  life.  It  was  a  struggle  for  place  or  position  in  the 
business  world.  He  made  himself  perfect  in  all  the  accom- 
plishments of  a  soldier,  master  of  several  systems  of  tactics  and 
a  skillful  swordsman.  But  a  living  had  to  be  secured,  and  so  he 
made  an  effort  to  enter  the  ranks  of  the  students  of  law.  He 
was  baffled  by  hard  circumstances  but  through  all,  his  leading 
ideas  grew  apace.  He  became  an  industrious  student,  a  hard 
reader  and  diligent  worker,  supporting  himself  from  time  to 
time  by  the  copying  of  legal  papers,  and  the  doing  of  other 
clerical  work. 

One  of  the  great  controlling  ideas  of  Ellsworth's  life,  one 
formed  in  early  boyhood,  and  perfected  by  years  of  study, 
was  the  forming  by  each  State  of  the  Union  of  "skeleton"  regi- 
ments, each  having  its  full  complement  of  thoroughly  drilled 
officers,  ready  to  take  command  on  a  few  days'  warning,  and 
the  regiments  likewise  to  be  filled  to  their  full  quota  on  short 
notice.  It  has  been  thought  by  some,  that  had  this  scheme  of 
Ellsworth  been  perfected  in,  say  1859  or  '60,  the  Civil  War, 
a  struggle  lasting  over  four  years,  would  have  been  reduced  to 
one  of  three  or  four  months  only,  because  the  nation's  troops 
would  have  been  prepared  at  the  outset  of  the  War  for  the 
duties  so  suddenly  devolving  upon  them.  However  that  may  be, 
it  is  certain  that  Ellsworth  in  his  time  was  far  in  advance  of  the 
age  in  which  he  lived  as  regards  military  matters  in  the  United 
States  and  had  few  followers. 

At  this  time  ( 1858  to  1861 )  he  was  the  picture  of  a  soldier ; 
his  form,  though  slight,  was  the  size  of  Napoleon's;  the  head 
poised  like  that  of  a  statue  and  crowned  by  a  mass  of  long  black 
curling  hair ;  dark  eyes ;  Roman  nose  and  slight  mustache.  His 
voice,  deep  and  musical ;  his  address  soldierly  and  courteous  and 
his  apparel  conspicuous  for  its  military  cut. 

Such  a  man  was  Colonel  Ellsworth  when  he,  in  1859, 
organized  the  United  States  Zouave  Cadets  in  Chicago,  from 
which  organization  so  many  officers  of  the  44th  New  York 
Volunteer  Infantry  and  other  regiments  of  the  Civil  War,  were 
taken. 

Ellsworth  organized  this  Company  and  drilled  it  in  apparent 
disregard  of  the  rules  then  existing  for  the  school  of  the  soldier 
and  the  company  and  struck  out  boldly  into  a  new  system  en- 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY  3 

iChap.  I.  U.  S.  Z.  Cadets.  i860] 

tirely  at  variance  with  the  customs  and  regulations  then  prev- 
alent in  the  drilling  of  soldiers,  and  added  perfection  of  sol- 
dierly conduct  to  his  men  by  enforced  abstinence  and  rigid  dis- 
cipline. No  Company  of  its  size  probably,  ever  furnished  so 
many  officers  for  commands  that  served  in  the  Civil  War.  Be-  _^ 
sides  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  as  mentioned,  there  was  the  nth  \^ 
N.  Y.  V,  composed  of  the  Volunteer  Firemen  in  New  York 
City,  and  the  19th  Illinois  Volunteers,  both  of  which  regiments  '-^ 
were  largely  officered  by  young  men  from  this  famous  Com- 
pany. It  would  be  difficult  to  trace  or  appreciate  the  important 
influence  of  this  Company  on  other  organizations  of  the  War, 
suffice  it  to  say  that  no  active  member  of  the  U.  S.  Z.  C.  is 
known,  who  did  not  have  a  commission  of  some  kind  during 
the  Civil  War.  It  was  in  1859  that  this  Company  won  a  mag- 
nificent set  of  colors  offered  as  a  prize  by  the  United  States 
Agricultural  Society  to  the  best  drilled  Company  in  the  Nation. 
Although  two  years  before  the  Civil  War,  amongst  the  Judges 
who  awarded  the  prize  was  George  B.  McClellan,  afterwards 
the  General  commanding  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  in  the 
fifth  corps  of  which  army  was  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.,  many  of  / 
whose  officers  were  privates  in  the  Company  which  was 
awarded  this  prize  by  the  Agricultural  Society  in  1859. 

These  colors  are  now  in  the  possession  of  the  Chicago  His- 
torical Society. 

It  was  in  i860  that  Ellsworth  conducted  this  Company 
through  all  the  principal  cities  of  the  North  on  a  tour  covering 
some  six  weeks.  It  was  a  march  of  triumph,  and  all  observers 
good-naturedly  conceded  to  his  command  the  palm  of  superior- 
ity. Even  the  crack  New  York  Seventh  Regiment  admitted 
that  the  drilling  and  tactics  of  these  young  soldiers  was  superior 
to  anything  that  had  been  seen  by  them  before.  Every  where 
the  Company  was  praised  and  admired,  and  Ellsworth  was  for 
the  hour  the  most  talked  of  man  in  the  country. 

In  considering  the  character  of  Colonel  Ellsworth,  great 
credit  should  be  given  him  for  his  achievements  in  a  military 
way,  for  it  was  all  done  and  accomplished  in  face  of,  and  in 
spite  of,  an  indifference  not  to  say  opposition,  by  the  community 
generally  to  anything  like  military  efficiency,  that  was  exceed- 
ingly difficult  to  overcome;  any  proposal  that  would  put  such 
matters  on  a  level  of  equal  importance  with  commercial  con- 


4  44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  I.  Lieutenant,  U.  S.  A.  1861] 

siderations  was  frowned  upon.  This  sentiment  had  to  be  con- 
ciliated, money  to  support  and  equip  his  Company  had  to  be 
raised,  and  that  too  from  a  public  not  vitally  interested  in  mili- 
tary affairs ;  hence  the  difficulty  in  the  way  of  his  achievements. 
A  historical  writer,  speaking  of  the  days  just  before  or  at  the 
beginning  of  the  Civil  War,  says : 

"The  people  of  the  United  States  had  long  cherished  the 
Utopian  dream  that  war  was  impossible  upon  their  favored 
soil.  The  militia  was  considered  an  archaeological  absurdity. 
The  regular  troops,  admirable  as  was  their  work  upon  the  fron- 
tier, were  far  from  being  a  source  of  real  pride.  The  uniform 
was  held  to  be  a  badge  of  servitude.  The  drunken  loafer,  bar- 
tering his  vote  for  a  dollar  or  a  dram,  looked  down  with  the 
contempt  of  a  sovereign  citizen  upon  men  who  submitted  to 
the  indignity  of  discipline;  and  in  denouncing  the  expense  of 
a  standing  Army,  unscrupulous  politicians  found  a  sure  path 
to  popular  favor." 

[Stonewall  Jackson  and  the  American  Civil  War  by  G.  F.  R. 
Henderson,  C.  B.] 

So,  we  believe  that  great  credit  was  due  to  Ellsworth  for 
the  success  that  he  attained  with  his  Company,  nothwithstand- 
ing  the  sentiment  of  the  country  was  not  with  him. 

The  U.  S.  Z.  C.  were  disbanded  just  before  the  war.  Ells- 
worth removed  to  Springfield,  111.,  and  entered  the  law  office 
of  Mr.  Lincoln,  of  whom  he  was  a  great  admirer.  During  the 
presidential  campaign  of  i860,  he  made  many  speeches  in  sup- 
port of  Mr.  Lincoln. 

While  at  Springfield  in  i860,  he  submitted  a  bill  to  the 
Legislature  of  IlHnois  embodying  his  ideas  of  militia  reform, 
but  no  progress  was  made.  The  before-mentioned  spirit  of  in- 
difference to  military  matters  prevailed. 

On  the  invitation  of  President-elect  Lincoln,  he  went  with 
him  as  one  of  his  escorts  to  Washington.  Ellsworth's  ambition 
was  to  hold  some  important  position  in  the  War  department,  and 
in  that  way  be  given  an  opportunity  to  put  into  practice  his 
ideas  regarding  a  National  Militia.  He  never  realized  this  am- 
bition. Possibly,  the  jealousy  of  regular  army  officers  may  have 
operated  to  prevent  his  reaching  his  goal. 

Early  in  the  year  1861,  he  was  commissioned  a  Lieutenant 
in  the  Regular  Army.     Soon  after  Mr.  Lincoln's  inauguration 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY  5 

[Chap.  I.  First  N.  Y.  Zouaves.  May,  1861] 

he  was  taken  sick  and  while  lying  ill  in  Washington,  the  war 
clouds  gathered,  and  the  fall  of  Sumter  aroused  him  to  health 
and  strength.  Scarce  had  the  echo  of  the  first  gun  fired  against 
the  flag  on  Sumter's  walls  died  away,  than  he  was  en-route  to 
New  York,  proceeding  thither  without  orders,  without  assist- 
ance or  authority,  with  the  fixed  purpose  in  his  mind,  that  his 
own  native  State  should  have  the  first  regularly  organized  Vol- 
unteer regiment  at  the  capital  of  the  Nation.  On  his  way  he 
made  up  his  mind  that  from  the  ranks  of  the  New  York  Vol- 
unteer Firemen,  used  to  danger  and  duty,  he  would  recruit  his 
regiment.  In  forty-eight  hours  after  his  arrival  in  New  York, 
he  had  2,300  names  on  the  roll,  and  in  a  few  days  thereafter  his 
regiment,  the  First  New  York  Zouaves,  afterwards  the  nth 
New  York  Volunteers,  was  en-route  to,  and  on  the  7th  day  of 
May,  1861,  was  mustered  into  the  service  at  Washington. 

It  is  a  proud  circumstance  of  this  regiment  and  more  proud 
still  for  its  young  commander,  that  while  other  regiments  were 
at  this  time  being  mustered  in  for  30  days,  60  days,  three 
months  and  two  years,  his  was  the  only  one  mustered  in  "for 
the  War."  Others  might  be  content  to  do  a  few  months'  fight- 
ing, but  our  young  hero,  only  24  years  of  age,  was  determined 
that  though  the  war  be  long  or  short,  he  and  his  regiment  would 
begin  at  the  beginning  and  stay  in  until  the  death.  In  this  regi- 
ment (nth  N.  Y.  V.)  Ellsworth  secured  the  election  as  Com- 
pany officers  of  six  boys  from  his  old  Chicago  Zouave  Cadets, 
namely:  Conner,  afterwards  Colonel  of  the  44th.  N.  Y.  V.; 
Knox,  afterwards  Major  of  the  44th  N.  Y.  V. ;  Larrabee,  after- 
wards Captain  Company  B,  44th  N.  Y,  V.,  and  killed  at  Gettys- 
burg; Coates,  afterwards  in  the  Regular  Army  as  Brigadier 
General  until  he  retired  at  the  age  of  62 ;  Fergus  and  Yates. 

Through  his  capacity  to  command  this  regiment,  composed 
for  the  most  part  of  men  from  the  rougher  walks  of  life,  they 
came  to  both  fear  and  love  him. 

After  a  few  days'  drilling  and  discipline  in  Washington,  on 
the  23rd  day  of  May,  1861,  through  Col.  Ellsworth's  influence, 
the  regiment  was  ordered  to  cross  into  Virginia  and  co-operate 
in  the  attack  on  Alexandria.  Late  in  the  night  of  the  day  be- 
fore this  march  he  sought  his  tent,  where  in  the  hours  preceding 
that  march  he  busied  himself  with  arrangements  for  the  mor- 
row.    In  these  hours  his  heart  went  out  to  the  loved  ones  at 


6  44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  I.  Death.  May,  1861] 

home,  to  his  father  and  mother,  and  as  if  even  then  he  felt  the 
shadow  of  the  fate  that  was  to  befall  him,  he  wrote  his  parents : 

"I  am  perfectly  content  to  accept  whatever  my  fortune  may  be, 
"confident  that  he  who  noteth  even  the  fall  of  a  sparrow  will 
"have  some  purpose  in  the  fate  of  one  like  me.  *  *  *  God 
"bless,  protect  and  care  for  you." 

At  early  morn  the  regiment  reached  Alexandria.  In  the 
light  wind  of  that  May  morning,  from  a  house  that  had  once 
sheltered  General  Washington,  floated  a  rebel  flag.  On  the  im- 
pulse of  the  moment,  and  no  doubt  as  he  thought  to  save  blood- 
shed, he,  with  a  file  of  his  men,  ascended  to  remove  this  obnox- 
ious flag.  In  a  few  moments  he  had  the  colors  in  his  arms, 
and  was  returning  to  his  regiment. 

"Descending  the  stairs  with  the  baleful  colors  in  his  arms,  he 
"was  met  by  the  owner  of  the  house,  a  blinding  flash,  a  sudden 
"report  from  a  rebel  musket,  followed  instantly  by  a  flash  from 
"a  Union  Gun,  a  thud  of  northern  steel  and  the  souls  of  the 
"patriot  and  assassin  passed  back  to  their  Maker.  Ellsworth  had 
"fallen  in  the  line  of  duty;  for  him  the  reconnaissance  of  life 
"had  ended,  the  bugle  had  sounded  the  recall,  and  his  spirit 
"returned  to  its  'maker.  The  beloved  of  all  who  knew  him,  the 
"typical  type  of  the  northern  soldier,  true,  generous,  loyal 
"and  brave,  his  death  was  the  call  for  100,000  men  to  spring 
"to  arms." 

Such  is  a  brief  sketch  of  the  life  and  conspicuous  achieve- 
ments of  Col.  E.  Elmer  Ellsworth,  whose  untimely  death 
aroused  the  loyal  people  of  the  Nation,  and  furnished  the  in- 
centive that  led  to  the  organization  of  the  Forty-Fourth  New 
York  Volunteers,  the  People's  Ellsworth  Regiment. 

[For  much  of  the  matter  contained  in  this  chapter  we  are  indebted 
to  an  address  of  the  late  Mr.  Edward  L.  Cole  of  Troy,  N.  Y.,  made  at 
the  dedication  of  the  Ellsworth  Monument  at  Mechanicsville,  May  27, 
1874.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY         7 

Chap.  n.  Purpose  of  the  Ellsworth  Reg.  May  35, 1861] 


CHAPTER  11. 

ELLSWORTH  ASSOCIATION  OF  N.  Y. 

The  details  of  the  organization  of  the  Forty-Fourth  Regi- 
ment, New  York  Infantry  Volunteers,  otherwise  known  as  the 
Ellsworth  Avengers,  and  later  on  as  the  People's  Ellsworth 
Regiment,  in  the  War  of  the  Rebellion,  or  what  later  came  to 
be  called  the  Civil  War,  were  so  unique  that  it  seems  desirable 
to  give  a  full  account  of  them.  Col.  E.  Elmer  Ellsworth,  a  brief 
sketch  of  whose  life  is  given  in  the  preceding  chapter,  was  the 
first  prominent  person  to  lose  his  life  in  that  war.  The  news 
of  his  assassination  on  the  24th  day  of  May,  1861,  spread  rap- 
idly throughout  the  country.  For  one  so  young,  he  had  be- 
come quite  prominent.  On  the  25th  day  of  May,  the  day  suc- 
ceeding his  murder,  the  following  communication  appeared  in 
the  Albany  Evening  Journal  over  the  signature  of  "Retribution." 

"The  grief  of  the  people  of  the  North  at  the  villainous  assassination 
of  the  noble  Ellsworth  is  universal  and  of  the  most  poignant  character. 
Let  the  people  of  New  York,  his  native  State,  mingle  with  their  tears 
practical  plans  for  avenging  his  death.  Let  each  town  and  ward  in  every 
county  and  city  in  the  State  provide  by  subscription  of  one  dollar  or 
less  for  the  complete  equipment  of  one  man  to  be  selected  from  said 
town  or  ward,  the  men  to  rendezvous  at  Albany  at  as  early  a  day  as 
possible  and  to  be  organized  into  a  regiment  or  regiments  to  be  called 
the  Ellsworth  Avengers.  Let  the  men  be  between  the  ages  of  twenty- 
two  and  thirty,  of  undoubted  courage  and  models  of  physical  develop- 
ment and  endurance,  to  be  enrolled  for  the  war,  and  commanded  by  the 
best  and  most  experienced  officers  the  State  can  produce.  Let  the  uni- 
form and  drill  be  that  in  which  the  gallant  dead  took  so  much  pride 
while  living,  and  let  every  officer  and  man  be  sworn  to  avenge  his  death. 
Appoint  committees  of  well  known  citizens  in  each  town  or  ward  to 
receive  subscriptions  and  let  the  excess  of  contributions  beyond  the  first 
outfit  of  the  men  be  reserved  to  clothe  and  equip  their  successors  if  they 
fall.  Where  is  the  town  or  ward  in  the  State  that  would  not  promptly 
respond  to  a  movement  of  this  kind?" 

Thus  quickly  following  the  death  of  Ellsworth  was  evolved 
the  plan  for  raising  a  regiment  in  his  honor.    The  citizens  of 


8  44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  n.  Ellsworth  Association.  •       May,  1861] 

Albany  held  a  Tneeting  in  response  to  the  foregoing  communica- 
tion at  which  the  following  proceedings  were  had : 

"At  a  meeting  of  the  citizens  of  Albany  to  take  action  concerning 
the  assassination  of  the  gallant  and  lamented  E.  Elmer  Ellsworth,  held 
May  27th,  1861,  it  was  resolved  that  the  undersigned  immediately  or- 
ganize an  association  to  be  called  the  Ellsworth  Association  of  the  State 
of  New  York,  for  the  purpose  of  raising  a  regiment  in  honor  of  the 
lamented  Col.  E.  Elmer  Ellsworth  to  avenge  his  death,  that  one  soldier 
be  solicited  from  each  town  and  ward  in  the  State  to  be  chosen  by  the 
people,  that  each  candidate  must  be  an  able  bodied  man,  temperate,  of 
good  moral  character,  not  less  than  five  feet  eight  inches  in  height,  and 
not  exceeding  thirty  years  of  age,  and  that  he  be  armed  and  equipped 
by  voluntary  subscription." 

The  following  officers  of  the  Association  were  chosen; 
President,  Hon.  George  H.  Thatcher,  Mayor  of  Albany;  Hon. 
Erastus  Corning,  M.  C,  Treasurer;  Charles  Hughes,  Clerk  of 
the  Court  of  Appeals,  Secretary;  Executive  Committee,  Hon. 
James  M.  Cook,  John  K,  Porter,  Hon.  Lyman  Tremain,  Jacob 
L  Werner  and  Henry  A.  Brigham. 

In  pursuance  of  the  action  taken  at  this  meeting  of  citizens 
of  Albany,  a  circular  was  issued  of  which  the  following  is  a 
copy: 

"HONOR  TO  COL.  ELLSWORTH. 

To  THE  People  of  the  State  of  New  York  : 

The  recent  assassination  of  the  gallant  and  lamented  Ellsworth  and 
the  barbarous  manner  in  which  the  rebels  have  thus  far  conducted  their 
hostilities  against  the  government,  has  fired  anew  the  zeal  of  our  young 
men  until  all  are  chafing  with  impatience  to  meet  the  foe.  The  quota  of 
New  York  called  for  by  the  President  is  already  organized,  and  if  they 
were  not,  too  much  time  would  be  consumed  in  organizing  under  exist- 
ing laws. 

Under  these  circumstances  it  has  been  deemed  advisable  to  raise  a 
regiment  from  among  the  people  of  this  State,  each  town  and  ward  to 
be  represented  by  furnishing  one  man,  to  be  at  once  armed  and  equipped 
by  voluntary  subscription,  and  tendered  to  the  general  government  to 
serve  during  the  war  as  the  avengers  of  the  noble  blood  spilled  on  the 
soil  of  Virginia  on  the  24th  inst. 

To  carry  out  this  purpose  an  organization  was  effected  in  this  city, 
Saturday  evening  by  the  adoption  of  the  following  resolution : 

Resolved,  That  the  undersigned  immediately  organize  an  Association 
to  be  called  the  Ellsworth  Association  of  the  State  of  New  York  for  the 
purpose  of  raising  a  regiment  in  honor  of  the  lamented  Col.  Ellsworth. 


EDGAR    ADAMS. 

Born  at  Middlesex,  N.  Y.,  April,  1844,  of  Revolutionary  ancestors, 
both  sides.  Enlisted  Aug.  7,  1862  in  (new)  Co.  C,  44th  N.  Y.  V.  L, 
made  Corporal  in  1863,  detached  to  First  Division  5th  Corps  Sharp- 
Shooters  in  August,  1864,  and  transferred  to  the  140th  N.  Y.  V.  I., 
Sept.,  1864  and  to  the  5th  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.,  June  3,  1865,  remaining 
detached  as  a  sharp-shooter  during  his  term  of  service.  Engaged  in 
every  action  of  his  commands  during"  their  entire  service.  In  ranks  at 
Battle  of  Fredericksburg  with  Frederick  Mitchell,  who  was  the  first 
man  of  Co.  C,  44th  N.  Y.  V.  killed  in  action.  In  squad  of  sharp- 
shooters went,  without  orders,  into  the  battles  of  White  Oak  Road 
and  Five  Forks  with  Sergt.  E.  Ferris — the  last  man  of  the  44th  N.  Y. 
V.  I.  killed  in  action.  At  Appomattox  in  May,  1865,  with  the  5th 
N.  Y.  Veteran  Volunteers  as  Sergeant  of  Co.  E.  Honorably  discharged 
from  service  Aug.  18,  1865.    Died  June,  1874. 


44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY  9 

[Chap.  n.  Ellsworth  Association.  May,  1861] 

That  its  officers  be  a  President,  Treasurer  and  Secretary,  and  an  Exec- 
utive Committee  of  five  members ;  that  the  said  officers  serve  one  year 
and  until  others  be  chosen  in  their  places ;  that  subscribers  to  the  funds 
of  this  association  be  members  thereof; 

That  it  be  proposed  to  each  town  and  ward  in  the  state  to  furnish 
one  able-bodied  man  for  this  regiment,  said  person  to  be  selected  from 
those  who  shall  offer  to  enlist  in  the  same  by  a  committee  of  three  to 
be  chosen  by  the  subscribers  to  the  fund  in  said  town  or  ward ; 

That  in  each  town  and  ward  in  this  State  subscriptions  be  solicited 
not  to  exceed  one  dollar  from  each  person,  and  that  the  same  be  im- 
mediately forwarded  to  the  Treasurer  of  this  Association  at  Albany; 

That  the  soldier  to  be  selected  from  each  town  and  ward  be  an 
unmarried  man,  not  less  than  five  feet  eight  inches  in  height,  active,  able 
bodied  and  not  to  exceed  thirty  years  of  age ; 

That  as  soon  as  may  be  each  town  and  ward  report  to  the  Secretary 
the  name  and  address  of  the  soldier  chosen  by  said  town  or  ward  and 
that  it  be  recommended  to  each  to  select  men  of  moral  worth  and  so  far 
as  possible  those  who  have  some  knowledge  of  military  evolutions ; 

That  on  notice  each  person  chosen  to  said  regiment  report  himself 
for  duty  and  rendezvous  in  the  city  of  Albany; 

That  with  the  funds  to  be  subscribed  the  men  so  chosen  be  mustered 
into  service  and  divided  into  companies  and  officered  by  the  Executive 
Committee,  and  officers  of  this  Association,  and  a  regiment  formed  and 
officered  by  said  committee  and  officers ; 

That  the  funds  so  subscribed  and  paid  be  faithfully  applied  to  the 
mustering  and  complete  equipment  of  said  regiment,  and  when  the  same 
shall  be  ready  for  service  it  be  tendered  to  the  government  for  active 
duty  during  the  war  upon  the  same  terms  as  other  troops,  and  subject 
to  all  existing  military  regulations  of  the  United  States  army; 

That  the  amount  requested  to  be  raised  is  about  the  sum  of  $150,000 
which  will  fully  equip  said  regiment  for  the  field  and  furnish  it  with  all 
necessary  equipage ; 

That  it  be  recommended  to  each  town  and  ward  in  the  State  to 
immediately  open  a  correspondence  with  the  Secretary  in  this  City  and 
to  circulate  subscriptions  at  once  in  order  that  the  regiment  may  be 
organized,  uniformed  and  equipped  during  the  month  of  June. 

On  motion  the  following  officers  of  the  Association  were  chosen : 
President,  Hon.  George  H.  Thatcher,  Mayor  of  Albany;  Treasurer,  Hon. 
Erastus  Corning,  M.  C. ;  Secretary,  Charles  Hughes,  Clerk  of  the  Court 
of  Appeals.  The  following  Executive  Committee  were  chosen :  Hon. 
James  M.  Cook,  John  K.  Porter,  Hon.  Lyman  Tremain,  Jacob  I.  Werner, 
Henry  A.  Brigham. 

On  motion  resolved  that  these  proceedings  be  at  once  published 
in. all  of  the  papers  of  this  State  and  active  measures  be  taken  for  earn,'- 
ing  out  the  purposes  of  this  Association ;  that  the  names  of  all  subscribers 
to  the  fund  be  transmitted  to  the  Secretary  at  Albany  for  publication  and 


lo         44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  n.  Ellsworth  Association.  May,  1861 

record ;  that  no  funds  be  disbursed  by  the  Treasurer  except  on  vouchers 
certified  by  a  majority  of  the  Executive  Committee  and  countersigned  by 
the  Secretary. 

Dated  Albany,  May  25th,  1861. 

George  H.  Thatcher,  President, 
Erastus  Corning,  Treasurer, 
Charles  H.  Hughes,  Secretary. 
Lyman  Tremain, 
Henry  A.  Brigham, 
John  K.  Porter, 
James  M.  Cook, 
Jacob  I.  Werner, 

Executive  Committee. 

Instructions. 

1st.  Publish  above  statement  of  organization  in  your  county  and 
city  papers,  and  see  that  these  circulars  are  sent  into  each  town  and  ward 
of  your  county. 

2d.     Circulate  immediately  subscription  papers  headed  as  follows : 

Honor  to  Col.  Ellsworth. 

The  undersigned  citizens  of  the  town  of  ,  County 

of N.  Y.,  hereby  promise  to  pay  the  sum  of  one 

dollar  each  on  demand  to  the  Ellsworth  Association  of  the  State  of 
New  York  for  the  purpose  of  organizing  and  equipping  the  People's 
Regiment  to  the  honor  of  the  late  Col.  Ellsworth. 

3d.  When  the  subscription  amounts  to  one  hundred  dollars  (or  such 
sum  as  can  be  raised  in  each  town  or  ward)  let  the  subscribers  meet  and 
appoint  a  committee  of  three  to  select  a  person  to  represent  the  town  or 
ward  in  the  regiment  (see  qualifications  in  the  above  resolution).  Send 
name  and  address  of  the  person  selected  to  Charles  Hughes,  Secretary, 
Albany. 

4th.  Send  the  subscription  list  with  the  money  to  Hon.  Erastus 
Corning,  M.  C,  Treasurer  of  the  Association  at  Albany,  and  send  a 
duplicate  to  Charles  Hughes,  Esq.,  Secretary,  at  Albany. 

Sth.  Let  the  person  selected  to  serve  in  the  regiment  from  each 
town  or  ward  sign  a  consent  to  serve  during  the  war  which  may  be  as 
follows: — I,  (his  name)  hereby  voluntarily  enlist  in  the  People's  Regi- 
ment of  the  State  of  New  York  formed  by  the  Ellsworth  Association 
to  serve  the  United  States  as  a  soldier  during  the  war  and  also  to  report 
myself  in  Albany  for  duty  immediately  on  being  notified  by  the  Secre- 
tary of  the  said  Association. 

6th.  Let  the  funds  subscribed  be  forwarded  at  the  earliest  moment 
or  send  the  Secretary  a  statement  of  what  each  town  or  ward  will  raise 
to  enable  the  Executive  Committee  to  purchase  arms  and  clothing  &c. 

7th.  It  is  understood  at  present  that  the  commissioned  ofiicers  of 
the  companies  (when  proper  officers  can  be  found)  will  be  selected  from 
those  volunteering  by  the  officers  of  this  Association  and  the  Executive 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        ii 

[Chap.  II.  Ellsworth  Regiment.  June,  i86i| 

Committee.  The  non-commissioned  officers  will  be  selected  by  the  men 
after  the  companies  are  formed,  contiguous  counties  will  be  placed 
together  to  form  companies.  The  officers  of  the  regiment  will  be  selected 
by  the  officers  of  the  Association  and  Executive  Committee.  Merit, 
fitness  and  capacity  will  be  the  test  in  the  choice  of  officers. 

8th.  The  pay  of  the  men  and  officers  will  be  the  same  as  other 
infantry  troops.  The  uniform  and  the  equipments  will  be  of  the  best 
quality  to  be  had  in  the  country  and  the  camp  equipage  &c.  will  be  as 
perfect  as  the  funds  subscribed  will  allow. 

Albany,  June  3d,  1861. 

Charles  Hughes,  Secretary." 

Circulars  containing  these  instructions  were  at  once  for- 
warded by  the  secretary  to  the  various  towns  and  wards  in  the 
State,  and  also  published  in  the  newspapers.  The  people  in 
many  of  the  towns  and  wards  at  once  took  steps  to  select  repre- 
sentatives for  the  regiment,  and  to  raise  funds  to  use  in  equip- 
ping them.  In  many  instances  there  was  considerable  rivalry 
in  making  selections  of  representatives.  Candidates  were  care- 
fully scrutinized  to  ascertain  if  they  complied  with  the  re- 
quired standard.  Short  applicants  walked  tall  as  possible,  and 
in  some  instances,  extra  lifts  were  put  upon  the  shoes  to  give 
the  required  height  of  five  feet  and  eight  inches.  Age  and 
character  were  also  considered  in  order  that  the  candidate 
might  pass  inspection.  Reports  failed  to  show  that  the  ade- 
quate number  of  men  to  complete  a  regimental  organization 
had  been  selected. 

A  second  circular  under  date  of  August  2d,  1861,  was  there- 
upon issued  of  which  the  following  is  a  copy : 

"Ellsworth    Regiment. 
To  the  Town  and  Ward  Ellsworth  Associations  of  the  State  of  New 

York: 

The  Executive  Committee  announces  that  the  general  government 
has  accepted  the  People's  Ellsworth  Regiment,  but  with  the  condition 
that  the  regiment  shall  be  ready  for  marching  orders  within  twenty-one 
days  from  the  24th  ultimo. 

This  condition  the  Committee  find  themselves  unable  to  comply  with 
in  consequence  of  the  towns  of  the  State  having  failed  as  yet  to  respond 
to  their  call,  and  thus  furnish  the  men  and  means  to  make  up  the  regi- 
ment. Under  these  circumstances  the  Committee  has  resolved  to  call 
together  the  men  already  selected  and  to  allow  the  towns  which  have 
furnished  men  and  means  to  select  as  many  more  men  from  any  town 
or  ward  in  their  several  counties  as  they  shall  choose,  up  to  the  number 
of  five  men  each,  without  raising  any  additional  funds  and  to  muster 


12         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

Chap.  II.  Ellsworth  Regiment.  Aug.  1861 

them  into  service  under  the  call  of  the  Governor  for  25,000  men,  (pro- 
vided that  each  man  selected  shall  come  up  to  the  standard  of  qualifica- 
tions heretofore  presented  by  the  Committee).  By  availing  themselves 
of  this  opportunity  the  Government  will  clothe  and  arm  the  men,  and 
thus  relieve  the  Committee  of  that  expense  and  the  soldiers  of  this  reg- 
iment can  avail  themselves  of  the  provisions  of  General  Order  No.  15, 
which  is  as  follows  : 

'Every  soldier,  non-commissioned  officer,  private,  musician  and 
artificer  who  enters  the  service  of  the  United  States  under  this  plan  shall 
be  paid  at  the  rate  of  fifty  cents,  and  if  a  cavalry  volunteer,  twenty-five 
cents  additional  in  lieu  of  forage  for  every  twenty  miles  of  travel  from 
his  home  to  the  place  of  muster,  the  distance  to  be  measured  by  the 
shortest  usual  traveled  route,  and  when  honorably  discharged,  an  allow- 
ance at  the  same  rate  from  the  place  of  discharge  to  his  home  and  in 
addition  thereto  the  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars.  Any  volunteer  who 
may  be  received  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  under  this  plan 
and  who  may  be  wounded  or  otherwise  disabled  in  the  service,  shall  be 
entitled  to  the  benefits  which  have  been  or  may  be,  conferred  on  persons 
disabled  in  the  regular  service,  and  the  legal  heirs  of  such  as  may  die, 
or  may  be  killed  in  the  service,  in  addition  to  all  of  the  arrears  of  pay 
and  allowances,  shall  receive  the  sum  of  one  hundred  dollars.'  With 
the  money  collected  in  the  various  towns  and  paid  into  the  Treasury  of 
the  Association  under  our  first  plan  of  organzation,  the  Executive  Com- 
mittee will  purchase  for  the  use  of  the  regiment  such  additional  articles 
of  uniform,  arms  and  wearing  apparel  as  will  add  to  the  comfort  and 
efficiency  of  the  men  of  this  regiment. 

Any  town  desiring  to  be  represented  in  this  regiment  not  having 
heretofore  taken  action,  can  select  a  man  on  raising  the  sum  of  twenty 
dollars  or  as  many  men  as  they  choose  at  that  rate,  but  all  men  selected 
must  comply  with  our  standard  of  qualifications,  viz,  that  the  soldier  to 
be  selected  in  each  town  and  ward  be  an  unmarried  man,  not  less  than 
five  feet  eight  inches  in  height,  active,  able-bodied  and  not  to  exceed 
thirty  years  of  age  and  of  good  moral  character. 

Arrangements  have  been  made  by  which  it  is  expected  that  the  pay 
of  the  men  will  commence  on  the  day  after  their  arrival  in  this  city. 

All  men  selected  before  the  eighth  day  of  August  will  report  them- 
selves for  duty  on  that  day  at  the  City  Hall  in  Albany.  All  men  selected 
after  that  date  will  report  themselves  for  duty  at  the  camp  of  the  regi- 
ment in  Albany  on  the  20th  day  of  August. 

We  earnestly  appeal  to  the  patriotic  citizens  of  every  town  in  the 
State  to  furnish  a  representative  for  this  regiment  and  ask  our  young 
men  to  come  forward  and  give  their  aid  to  the  country  in  defense  of  its 
time  honored  flag. 

We  call  upon  the  patriotic  press  of  the  State  to  give  publicity  to  this 
circular. 

By  order  of  the  Committee. 

Charles  Hughes,  Secretary." 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        13 

[Chap.  m.  Assembling.  Aug.  8,  1861] 


CHAPTER  HI. 

THE   ORGANIZATION. 

The  8th  day  of  August,  1861,  came.  It  is  a  day  memorable 
in  the  annals  of  the  Forty-Fourth  Regiment,  New  York  Vol- 
unteers. It  was  the  day  fixed  by  the  second  circular  of  the 
Ellsworth  Association  for  all  members  who  had  been  selected 
prior  to  that  date  to  assemble  in  the  City  Hall  at  Albany.  The 
members  from  Buffalo  and  the  western  part  of  the  State 
reached  Albany  in  the  morning,  having  ridden  all  night  in  a 
day  coach.  Hilarity  and  good  fellowship  prevailed  throughout 
the  entire  night.  The  serious  aspect  of  the  undertaking  was 
perceptibly  in  the  background.  After  taking  breakfast  at 
Stanwix  Hall,  a  hotel  near  the  railroad  station,  the  members 
from  the  western  part  of  the  State  proceeded  in  a  body  to  the 
City  Hall.  Here  they  met  for  the  first  time  Hon.  George  H. 
Thatcher,  Mayor  of  Albany,  Hon.  Erastus  Corning,  Member 
of  Congress,  Charles  Hughes,  Esq.,  Clerk  of  the  Court  of  Ap- 
peals, respectively  president,  treasurer  and  secretary  of  the 
Ellsworth  Association.  These  gentlemen  had  been  selected  by 
the  Ellsworth  Association  to  carry  out  the  comprehensive  plan 
for  organizing  and  raising  the  regiment.  They  voluntarily  and 
unsparingly  devoted  their  time  and  influence  to  accomplish  that 
purpose.  All  persons  interested  in  the  regiment  are  indebted 
to  these  gentlemen  for  their  patriotic  and  zealous  initiative  in 
its  behalf.  The  detail  work  which  was  large  and  laborious  was 
conducted  by  Hon.  Charles  Hughes,  the  faithful  and  efficient 
secretary.  He  left  nothing  undone  to  accomplish  the  high  ideal 
of  the  founders  of  the  regiment. 

In  speaking  of  his  services,  an  Albany  paper  said :  "Of  the 
labor  performed  by  the  secretary,  Hon.  Charles  Hughes,  we 
desire  to  speak  briefly.  For  months  he  has  been  almost  con- 
stantly employed  in  the  work,  receiving  and  responding  to  hun- 
dreds of  letters,  besides  attending  to  scores  of  matters  which 
claimed  the  attention  of  the  Executive  Committee.  In  order 
to  forward  the  movement  and  avoid  any  delay,  he  remained  in 


14        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  in.  Qualifications.  Aug.  8, 1861] 

town  during  all  of  the  summer  months  and  for  no  other  pur- 
pose than  faithfully  to  discharge  the  duties  imposed  upon  him." 

At  the  City  Hall  there  were  present  other  candidates  for 
membership  from  different  parts  of  the  State.  In  most  cases 
they  met  as  strangers.  New  faces  and  new  experiences  were 
the  common  lot.  The  tie  that  attracted  and  bound  them  together 
was  a  common  patriotic  purpose  and  the  uncertain  destiny  of 
the  military  service.  At  this  time  and  place  credentials  were 
delivered  to  the  Committee,  names  were  registered  and  sub- 
scription money  paid  to  the  Treasurer  of  the  Association. 

The  subscription  money  represented  the  bonus  paid  for  the 
privilege  of  becoming  a  member  of  the  regiment.  There  was  an 
entire  absence  of  the  spirit  of  commercialism.  At  this  period 
a  large  bounty  had  not  become  an  incentive  to  volunteering. 
The  committee  also  examined  to  ascertain  if  the  different  can- 
didates possessed  the  required  standard  of  quaUfications,  viz., 
an  active,  able-bodied  man,  unmarried,  temperate,  of  good 
moral  character,  not  less  than  five  feet  eight  inches  in  height 
and  not  exceeding  thirty  years  of  age.  It  was  no  mean  stand- 
ard of  excellence.  Those  who  passed  appeared  like  collegians 
after  matriculation.  The  preliminary  business  completed, 
those  who  had  been  accepted  formed  in  two  ranks  and  marched 
to  the  barracks  in  the  suburbs  of  the  city.  It  was  the  first  mili- 
tary march  and  would  hardly  pass  a  critical  inspection.  The 
march  was  made  in  the  middle  of  the  street.  It  was  a  rainy, 
gloomy  morning.  The  streets,  especially  after  leaving  the  pave- 
ment, were  muddy  and  sHppery.  The  march  was  a  forerunner 
of  what  was  to  follow.  Amused  and  animated  by  the  novelty 
of  what  was  happening,  there  was  no  disposition  to  anticipate 
what  the  future  concealed.  Nothwithstanding  the  rain,  the 
mud  and  gloom,  there  were  no  stragglers  on  the  way.  It  may 
be  said  in  passing  that  it  is  a  wise  provision  of  human  nature 
that  mental  operations  are  not  at  all  times  apparent.  On  reach- 
ing the  barracks  the  broad  gate  swung  open  and  the  advance  de- 
tachment of  the  Forty-Fourth  Regiment,  New  York  Volun- 
teers, entered.  A  material  step  had  been  taken  in  a  long  and 
varied  experience  which  was  to  follow.  Opportunity  was  now 
offered  for  observation  and  reflection.  The  barracks  were 
situated  on  a  large  lot  in  the  western  part  of  the  city  of  Albany, 
on  the  northwesterly  side  of  what  was  known  as  the  New 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        15 

[Chap.  m.  N.  Y.  Militia.  Aug.  i86z 

Scotland  Road,  Here  we  formed  acquaintance  with  Captain 
Ainsworth's  Co.  B,  10th  N.  Y.  S.  Militia,  otherwise  known  as 
the  "Old  Guard  Washington  Continentals,"  which  under  State 
authority  had  charge  of  the  barracks  as  a  Camp  Guard  during 
the  summer  of  1861.  In  this  period  many  New  York  Volun- 
teer regiments  were  there  assembled,  organized,  drilled  and 
duly  sent  to  the  front.  Company  B,  noted  for  its  efficiency  in 
drill  and  soldierly  bearing,  was  one  of  the  crack  militia  com- 
panies of  Albany.  Among  its  members  then  in  service  at  the 
barracks,  at  hospitals  and  other  places  in  the  city,  requiring 
military  guard,  were  the  following  named  men,  who  subse- 
quently joined  and  served  in  the  Forty- Fourth  New  York,  viz : 
Robert  F.  Buchanan,  Charles  C.  Gates,  Anthony  G.  Graves,  Jr., 
Charles  W.  Gibbs,  George  B.  Herenden,  Andrew  Love,  Robert 
H.  McCormic,  James  McMillan,  Charles  Wilber  and  Charles 
H.  Zeilman.  Co.  B  was  a  famous  organization  of  citizen  sol- 
diers dating  from  1854.  From  its  educative  ranks  went  more 
than  sixty  men  as  officers  of  the  Union  volunteers  and  on  Nov. 
21,  1862,  the  company  as  a  body  was  mustered  into  the  U.  S. 
service  as  part  of  the  177th  N.  Y.  V.  Inf.,  serving  for  nine 
months  at  New  Orleans  and  Port  Hudson,  La. 

Another  company  in  the  summer  of  1861  was  engaged  at 
Albany  in  performing  like  service  at  hospitals.  Quartermaster, 
Commissary  and  Medical  depots.  It  was  Co.  A.  of  the  lOth 
N.  Y.  Militia,  otherwise  known  as  the  "Albany  Zouave  Ca- 
dets." Among  the  members  of  this  company  who  early  joined 
the  Forty-Fourth  New  York  were  Charles  E.  Pease,  Alexan- 
der McRoberts,  Bradford  R.  Wood,  Jr.,  and  doubtless  others 
unknown  to  the  writer.  Company  A  graduated  over  one  hun- 
dred officers  into  the  volunteer  forces.  By  long  service  and  as- 
siduous practice  the  officers  and  men  of  these  militia  companies 
had  acquired  great  proficiency  in  the  manual  of  arms  and  com- 
pany evolutions,  and  by  example  and  as  drill  masters  they  were 
of  great  assistance  to  the  members  of  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y. 
who  at  this  time  were  so  anxiously  seeking  military  knowledge. 

The  barracks  consisted  of  a  large  three-story  brick  building, 
erected  by  the  city  of  Albany  for  an  industrial  school.  This 
building  was  unoccupied  at  the  beginning  of  the  war,  and  was 
temporarily  turned  over  to  the  State  as  a  rendezvous  for  troops, 
before  leaving  for  the  seat  of  war.    It  was  used  for  officers' 


i6         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  in.  Albany  Barracks.  Aug.  i86il 

quarters,  as  a  place  to  store  quartermaster's  stores,  for  a  guard 
house,  and  the  basement  was  used  for  a  mess  hall.  Near  the 
brick  building,  numerous  temporary  wooden  buildings  had  been 
erected  for  use  as  quarters  for  the  soldiers.  In  these  tem- 
porary buildings  were  bunks  for  sleeping  made  of  rough 
boards,  two  tiers  high  and  wide  enough  for  two  persons.  Meals 
were  serv^ed  in  a  mess  hall  in  the  brick  building  in  which  were 
long  rough  tables  with  long  benches  to  sit  upon  while  eating. 
When  the  meal  was  prepared  the  order  was  given  to  "fall  in" 
for  the  meal,  and  march  was  made  to  the  mess  hall.  On  reach- 
ing the  mess  hall  the  soldiers  were  aligned  along  either  side  of 
the  table,  when  the  order  was  given  "uncover,  seats."  The 
next  period  was  conducted  without  orders  and  generally  free 
from  any  prescribed  ceremony.  The  food  was  plain  and  sub- 
stantial, but  in  some  instances  the  quality  would  hardly  pass 
inspection  under  the  present  Pure  Food  Law.  Some  of  the 
soldiers  were  so  fastidious  that  they  objected  to  being  served 
with  rancid  butter,  tainted  meat,  and  to  being  obliged  to  eat  off 
of  tin  plates.  It  was  certainly  quite  an  innovation  from  the  ac- 
customed daily  fare  in  an  ordinary  American  home.  Com- 
plaints were  made  to  the  contractor,  a  parley  was  held,  and 
some  of  the  causes  of  complaint  removed.  The  meal  finished, 
and  the  retreat  from  the  mess  hall  was  also  made  under  orders. 
In  fact,  both  day  and  night  were  regulated  by  orders.  It  did 
not  take  long  to  learn  the  extent  of  the  accommodations  af- 
forded in  military  barracks,  nor  the  meaning  of  military  orders. 
A  military  order  is  a  command  given  by  a  superior  in  rank 
which  the  inferior  in  rank  is  bound  to  obey.  It  seemed  simple 
in  theory  but  often  required  considerable  self  control  when 
reduced  to  practice.  Another  version  was  that  orders  could  not 
be  discussed  and  took  effect  in  manner  and  form  indicated. 
When  the  order  came  the  person  ordered  had  as  little  to  say  as 
though  he  were  not  a  party  in  interest.  It  was  just  as  impera- 
tive in  the  manner  of  going  to  and  returning  from  dinner,  in 
performing  the  daily  routine  of  camp,  as  when  actually  en- 
gaged in  drill.  The  essence  of  the  whole  matter  was  to  have 
some  leading  commander  give  orders  which  all  others  within 
his  jurisdiction  must  obey.  Here  was  developed  a  gradual 
transition  from  the  life  of  the  civilian  to  that  of  the  soldier.    It 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        17 

(Chap.  m.  From  Citizen  to  Soldier.  Aug.  1861] 

was  like  going  upon  a  voyage  at  sea.  As  the  shore  slowly  re- 
cedes from  the  view,  the  trees,  the  banks,  the  scenery  seem  to 
take  on  additional  charms  and  attractions.  So  the  recruit  as 
he  looks  back  upon  the  vanishing  experiences  of  civil  life,  re- 
calls the  environments  and  comforts  of  home,  comes  to  dis- 
cover elements  of  satisfaction  and  enjoyment  never  appre- 
ciated or  realized  before.  It  is  no  mean  step  from  the  proud 
freedom  of  American  citizenship  to  the  necessary  restraints 
of  military  discipline.  The  change  involves  the  descent,  so  to 
speak,  from  the  lofty  height  of  individual  independence  to  be- 
come a  part  of  an  animate  machine.  Nurtured  in  the  genial 
atmosphere  of  our  free  institutions,  the  American  volunteer, 
when  duty  calls,  readily  adapts  himself  to  the  restraints  of 
military  discipline,  but  never  yields  to  servile  degradation. 

Soon  after  a  considerable  portion  of  the  members  of  the 
regiment  had  reached  the  barracks,  the  following  article  was 
published  in  one  of  the  Albany  papers. 

"The  regiment  is  steadily  filling  up  every  day,  bringing  additional 
members  from  the  diflferent  quarters  of  the  State.  Those  now  assembled 
at  the  barracks  come  up  fully  to  the  standard  originally  adopted  as  the 
passport  to  admission.  They  possess  all  of  the  physical  qualifications 
that  could  be  required  and  are  pronounced  by  all  who  have  visited  their 
quarters  to  be  the  genuine  material  for  soldiers.  They  are  under  drill 
six  hours  during  the  day,  instructed  by  experienced  and  competent 
officers,  many  of  them  having  belonged  to  the  original  'Ellsworth  U.  S. 
Zouave  Cadets  of  Chicago.'  Their  leisure  hours  are  devoted  in  great 
part  to  athletic  exercises,  fencing,  boxing  and  ball  playing,  while  their 
evenings  are  passed  in  singing,  a  glee  club  having  been  formed  in  aid 
of  which  some  tuneful  citizen  has  furnished  them  with  a  melodeon  and 
a  hundred  song  books. 

They  all  read  the  newspapers  and  keep  posted  on  the  progress  of 
the  war.  In  the  ranks  are  quite  a  number  of  graduates  of  Yale,  Union 
and  other  colleges.  Profanity  and  intemperance  are  utterly  tabooed 
among  them.  Indeed  although  they  have  been  together  but  a  week,  a 
temperance  organization  has  been  established.  So  far  the  regiment  is 
all  that  can  be  desired  and  bids  fair  to  be  an  honor  to  themselves  and 
the  State." 

Soon  after  the  advance  members  of  the  regiment  arrived  in 
the  barracks,  a  generous  supply  of  copies  of  a  song  appeared. 
It  was  entitled  Ellsworth  Avengers,  and  was  written  by  A. 
Lora  Hudson,  a  young  lady  who  resided  not  far  from  Albany. 
The  text  was  soon  known  to  all  and  sung  by  many. 


1 8         44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  m.  A.  Lora  Hadsoa.  Aug.  1861 

"Ellsworth  Avengers." 


Down  where  the  patriot  army, 
Near   Potomac's   side, 
Guards  the  glorious  cause  of  free- 
dom, 
Gallant  Ellsworth  died. 
Brave  was  the  noble  chieftain, 
At  his  country's  call 
Hastened  to  the  field  of  battle, 
And  was  first  to  fall. 

Strike  freemen  for  the  Union 
Sheath  your  swords  no  more 
While  remains  in  arms  a  traitor 
On  Columbia's  shore. 

Entering  the  traitor  city 

With  his  soldiers  true, 

Leading  up  the  Zouave  column, 

Fixed  became  his  view. 

See  that  rebel  flag  is  floating 

O'er  yon  building  tall. 

Spoke    he,    while    his     dark     eye 

glistened, 
"Boys  that  flag  must  fall." 

Strike  freemen  &c. 

Quickly  from  its  proud  position 
That  base  flag  was  torn, 
Trampled  'neath  the  feet  of  free- 
men 


Circling  Ellsworth's  form. 

See  him  bear  it  down  the  landing 

Past  the  traitor's  door. 

Hear  him  groan !  Oh  God  they've 

shot  him, 
Ellsworth  is  no  more. 

Strike  freemen  &c. 

First  to  fall  thou  youthful  martyr, 

Hapless  was  thy  fate, 

Hasten  we  as  thy  avengers  from 

thy  native  State. 
Speed  we  on  from  town  and  city, 
Not  for  wealth  or  fame. 
But  because  we  love  the  Union 
And  our  Ellsworth's  name. 

Strike  freemen  &c. 

Traitors'  hands  shall  never  sunder 

That  for  which  you   died. 

Hear  the  oath  our  lips  now  utter 

Thou,  our  nation's  pride. 

By  our  hopes  of  yon  bright  heaven, 

By  the  land  we  love. 

By  the  God  that  reigns  above  us, 

We'll  avenge  thy  blood. 

Strike  freemen  &c. 


A  short  time  after  the  above  song  appeared  in  camp  the 
following  proceedings  were  published  in  the  city  papers : 

Ellsworth  Regiment. 

At  a  meeting  of  the  People's  Ellsworth  Regiment  at  the  barracks, 
on  Monday  last,  Messrs.  I.  Russell,  S.  W.  Tanner  and  E.  A.  Nash  were 
appointed  a  Committee  to  draft  resolutions  expressive  of  the  sense  of 
the  meeting.  The  following  preamble  and  resolutions  were  presented 
and  adopted : 

"We  hold  in  grateful  remembrance  the  late  gallant  Ellsworth  whose 
short,  eventful  career  had  won  the  admiration  of  all,  combining  in  his 
life  the  strictest  habit,  the  highest  military  talent,  the  loftiest  patriotism, 
and. 

Whereas,  we  deem  all  of  those  acts  commendable  and  useful  which 
have  for  their  objects  to  hold  up  before  our  soldiery  his  bright  example 
as  worthy  of  imitation,  and 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        19 

(Chap.  m.  Field  and  Staff.  Sept.  1861] 

Whereas,  we  deem  that  they  not  alone  fight  the  battles  of  our  coun- 
try, who  enter  the  field  and  shoulder  the  musket,  but  also  they  who  seek 
to  cheer  and  elevate,  those  who  seek  to  kindle  anew  in  each  bosom  a 
purer  patriotism,  a  higher  aspiration,  a  nobler  manhood,  therefore. 

Resolved,  That  we,  the  members  of  the  People's  Ellsworth  Regi- 
ment, hereby  express  our  approbation  of  the  ballad  entitled  Ellsworth 
Avengers,  and  tender  our  sincere  thanks  to  A.  Lora  Hudson,  its  talented 
author.  The  song  finds  a  ready  response  in  every  heart,  and  is  worthy 
of  him  of  whom  it  is  written,  and 

Resolved,  That  we  extend  our  thanks  to  George  S.  Dawson  for  his 
generous  donation  of  a  sufficient  number  of  copies  of  the  Ellsworth 
Avengers  for  the  glee  club  of  the  regiment,  and 

Resolved,  That   a  copy  of  these   resolutions  be   forwarded  to  A. 
Lora  Hudson  and  a  copy  of  the  same  be  published  in  the  city  papers. 
Albany,  August  15th,  1861. 

I.  Russell, 
S.  W.  Tanner, 
E.  A.  Nash, 

Committee. 
C.  Addison  Wood  worth.  President. 
Charles  D.  Grannis,  Secretary. 

During  the  months  of  August,  September  and  the  fore  part 
of  October  the  ranks  of  the  regiment  were  filled  and  company 
officers  chosen.  The  officers  of  the  Ellsworth  Association  rec- 
ommended to  the  Governor  the  names  of  those  who  were  com- 
missioned as  field  officers.  The  company  officers  were  chosen 
by  the  several  companies.  The  following  are  the  names  and 
rank  of  the  field  and  staff  officers : 

Stephen  W.  Stryker,  Colonel. 

James  C.  Rice,  Lieut.  Colonel. 

James  McKown,  Major. 

Edward  B.  Knox,  Adjutant. 

Wm.  Frothingham,  Surgeon. 

Elias  L.  Bissell,  Ass't  Surgeon. 

Fred  R.  Mundy,  Quar.  Master. 

LooMis  H.  Pease,  Chaplain. 

Colonel  Stryker  was  twenty-six  years  of  age,  was  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Ellsworth's  U.  S.  Zouave  Cadets,  of  Chicago,  joined 
the  New  York  Fire  Zouave  (nth  N.  Y.  Vol.  Inf.)  on  its  or- 
ganization and  was  made  First  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant  of  that 
regiment.  On  the  death  of  Col.  Ellsworth  he  accompanied  and 
had  charge  of  his  remains  until  their  burial.    The  fact  that  he 


20         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  m.  Field  and  Staff.  Sept  1861] 

had  been  identified  with  Col.  Ellsworth  and  was  familiar  with 
his  methods  and  drill,  no  doubt,  had  much  influence  with  the 
officers  of  the  Ellsworth  Association  in  recommending  him  to 
Gov.  Morgan  for  appointment  as  Colonel.  To  have  received 
that  appointment  was  an  honor  of  which  any  man  of  Col. 
Stryker's  years  and  military  experience  might  well  be  proud. 
He  was  a  good  drill  master  and  disciplinarian  and  received  many 
compliments  while  the  regiment  was  at  the  rendezvous  at 
Albany. 

Lieut.  Col.  Rice  was  thirty  years  of  age,  was  a  resident  of 
New  York  City  and  had  been  an  officer  in  the  39th  New  York 
Vols.,  otherwise  known  as  the  Garibaldi  Guards.  He  came  to 
the  regiment  from  Virginia  and  was  warmly  endorsed  for  the 
position.  His  military  experience  was  quite  limited,  especially 
in  the  evolution  of  the  battalion.  He  was  a  man  of  culture 
and  thoroughly  patriotic.  In  the  outset  there  was  some  appre- 
hension manifested  that  he  might  fail  to  sustain  himself  in  the 
position  to  which  he  had  been  chosen.  He  was  always  brave, 
active  and  aggressive  in  battle.  As  his  military  experience  in- 
creased, the  earlier  apprehensions  of  his  qualifications  disap- 
peared, and  before  leaving  the  regiment,  on  being  commis- 
sioned Brigadier  General,  he  had  succeeded  in  establishing 
himself  in  the  good  will  of  the  entire  regiment. 

Major  James  McKown  was  a  resident  of  Albany,  had  seen 
service  in  the  Mexican  War,  and  at  the  time  of  the  organiza- 
tion of  the  regiment  was  a  member  of  Gov.  Morgan's  staff. 
He  was  an  early  and  life  long  member  of  the  "Albany  Burgess 
Corps,"  a  famous  military  Company  organized  in  1834,  that 
went  to  the  front  April  30,  1861,  in  response  to  President  Lin- 
coln's first  call  for  troops,  and  furnished  many  more  or  less 
distinguished  officers  and  men  for  the  Union  Volunteer  forces. 
He  resigned  January  2,  1862,  before  the  regiment  had  seen  any 
active  service  in  the  field. 

Adjutant  Knox  was  twenty-five  years  of  age.  He  was  one 
of  the  Ellsworth  U.  S.  Zouave  Cadets  of  Chicago  and  was 
known  as  the  "Little  Corporal."  He  joined  the  New  York  Fire 
Zouaves  (nth  N.  Y.  V.  L)  under  Ellsworth,  was  First  Lieuten- 
ant, and  participated  with  that  regiment  in  the  first  battle  of 
Bull  Run.  From  the  outset  his  soldierly  qualities  commended 
him  to  the  entire  regiment. 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        21 

(Chap.  m.  Non-Commissioned  Staff.  Sp«t.  i86x] 

Quartermaster  Mundy  came  from  Seneca  Falls  to  join  the 
regiment  and  was  twenty-two  years  old.  He  possessed  excep- 
tional qualifications  for  the  position  to  which  he  was  appointed. 

Surgeon  Frothingham  was  thirty-one  years  of  age,  came 
from  New  York  City  and  was  well  recommended.  He  left  the 
regiment  November  22,  1862. 

Assistant  Surgeon  Bissell  was  twenty-seven  years  of  age, 
came  from  Buffalo  and  had  the  reputation  of  being  skilled  in 
his  profession.  He  left  the  regiment  by  promotion  November 
19,  1862. 

Chaplain  Pease  was  forty  years  of  age,  came  from  Saratoga 
to  join  the  regiment.  He  was  a  graduate  of  Williams  College 
and  had  travelled  in  Europe.  He  left  the  regiment  February 
I,  1862. 

NON-COMMISSIONED  STAFF. 

Sergeant-Major  George  B.  Herenden  came  from  Utica,  a 
new-fledged  lawyer  by  profession  and  was  in  service  as  a  pri- 
vate of  Co.  B,  loth  N.  Y.  M.  at  the  Albany  barracks,  when,  on 
Aug.  16,  1 86 1,  he  enlisted  in  this  regiment. 

Quartermaster-Sergeant  Henry  C.  Howlett  was  thirty-two 
years  of  age  and  came  from  Mohawk  to  join  the  regiment. 
He  was  killed  by  lightning  May  30,  1862,  at  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 

Commissary-Sergeant  Samuel  W.  Tanner  came  from  Buf- 
falo, was  twenty-two  years  of  age  and  was  discharged  for  dis- 
ability May  19,  1862. 

Hospital  Steward  Edward  Frothingham  entered  the 
regiment  at  Albany,  was  discharged  Dec.  11,  1862,  by  promo- 
tion as  Hospital  Steward  in  the  U.  S.  Army. 

The  following  were  the  first  Commissioned  officers  and  Ser- 
geants of  the  several  companies.  The  Sergeants  were  first, 
second,  third,  fourth  and  fifth  of  the  several  companies  in  the 
order  named. 

COMPANY   A. 

Edward  P.  Chapin,  Captain ;  George  M.  Love,  First  Lieut. ; 
Benjamin  K.  Kimberley,  Second  Lieut. ;  Sergeants,  Jacob  Fox, 
John  B.  Mason,  Junius  H.  Hatch,  Jr.,  WilHam  A.  Rogers,  Al- 
bert B.  Tinkham. 

Captain  Chapin  was  thirty  years  of  age,  came  from  Buflfalo, 
and  was  Assistant  District  Attorney  when  he  left  to  join  this 
regiment. 


22         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

Chap,  m  Company  Officers.  Sept  1861] 

COMPANY   B. 

Lucius  S.  Larabee,  Captain ;  Harrison  Kelley,  First  Lieut. ; 
Clark  E.  Royce,  Second  Lieut. ;  Sergeants,  Martin  Burns, 
George  P.  Allen,  Henry  M.  Galpin,  Elam  C.  Beeman,  Elisha  A. 
Cook. 

Captain  Larabee  came  from  Chicago  to  join  the  regiment. 
He  was  a  member  of  the  "Ellsworth's  U.  S.  Zouave  Cadets  of 
Chicago,"  also  a  Lieutenant  in  the  New  York  Fire  Zouaves 
(nth  N.  Y.  V.  I.)  and  served  with  that  regiment  in  the  first 
battle  of  Bull  Run. 

COMPANY    C. 

William  H.  Revere,  Jr.,  Captain;  Alexander  McRoberts, 
First  Lieut. ;  Jacob  W.  Anthes,  Second  Lieut. ;  Sergeants,  Ed- 
ward Easterbrooks,  Seth  F.  Johnson,  Theodore  Hoes,  Lansing 
Hollister,  Westel  W.  Hawkins. 

COMPANY   D. 

Freeman  Conner,  Captain ;  Reuben  B.  Landon,  First  Lieut. ; 
Henry  D.  Burdick,  Second  Lieut. ;  Sergeants,  Eugene  L.  Dun- 
ham, Frederick  A.  Moak,  Gardner  S.  Parker,  Willie  M,  Rex- 
ford,  John  V.  TenBroeck. 

Captain  Conner  came  from  Chicago,  was  a  member  of  the 
"Ellsworth's  U.  S.  Zouave  Cadets  of  Chicago,"  also  a  First 
Lieutenant  in  the  "New  York  Fire  Zouaves"  (nth  N.  Y.  V.  I) 
and  served  with  that  regiment  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run. 

Lieut.  Landon  was  the  tallest  man  in  the  regiment,  stand- 
ing six  feet  and  one-half  in  his  stockings,  and  was  a  veteran  of 
the  Mexican  war. 

COMPANY    E. 

Michael  McN.  Walsh,  Captain;  Bradford  R.  Wood,  Jr., 
First  Lieut. ;  Myron  H.  Cole,  Second  Lieut. ;  Sergeants,  Charles 
J.  Jackson,  Simon  P.  Johnson,  Horace  M.  Riggs,  George  W. 
Maret,  Sherwood  F.  Carey. 

COMPANY    F. 

Campbell  Allen,  Captain;  James  McMillan,  First  Lieut.; 
Charles  W.  Gibbs,  Second  Lieut;  Sergeants,  Charles  H.  Zeil- 
man,  Robert  H.  McCormic,  Anthony  G.  Graves,  Jr.,  Andrew 
Love,  John  A.  Ramsay. 

Captain  Allen  at  the  time  he  joined  the  regiment  was  Prin- 
cipal of  a  public  school  in  Albany. 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        23 

[Chap.  in.  Company  Officers.  Sept.  1861 

COMPANY  G. 

William  L.  Vanderlip,  Captain;  Charles  E.  Pease,  First 
Lieut. ;  Christopher  R.  Becker,  Second  Lieut. ;  Sergeants, 
Jerome  Yates,  Peter  Van  Alstyne,  Charles  A.  Webber,  William 
R.  Johnson. 

COMPANY    H, 

William  N.  Danks,  Captain;  Charles  A,  Woodworth,  First 
Lieut. ;  Eugene  A.  Nash,  Second  Lieut. ;  Sergeants,  Charles  D. 
Grannis,  Frank  Campbell,  Frank  M,  Kelley,  Daniel  Worthley, 
Wallace  Gill. 

Captain  Danks  came  from  Chicago  and  was  a  member  of 
the  "Ellsworth's  U.  S.  Zouave  Cadets  of  Chicago." 

COMPANY    I. 

A.  Webster  Shaffer,  Captain ;  Edward  B.  Knox,  First  Lieut. ; 
Edwin  L.  Spencer,  Second  Lieut. ;  Sergeants,  William  H. 
Greene,  Hobart  M.  Walker,  George  S.  Boyd,  Henry  J. 
Botchford. 

COMPANY    K. 

William  H.  Miller,  Captain ;  Willam  W.  Jones,  First  Lieut. ; 
Frederick  R.  Mundy,  Second  Lieut.;  Sergeants,  William  R. 
Bourne,  Ashbell  W.  Burnham,  John  P.  Willard,  William  H. 
Sentell,  Darwin  F.  Godfrey. 

More  than  one-third  of  the  members  of  the  regiment  were 
enrolled  in  the  month  of  August,  1861.  More  than  one-half 
of  the  members  were  enrolled  in  the  month  of  September  and 
the  balance  were  enrolled  in  the  fore  part  of  the  month  of  Octo- 
ber. Of  those  enrolled  in  the  month  of  August,  Company  A 
received  eighty-two  members,  Company  B  received  eighty-six 
members.  Company  C  received  eighty-three  members,  Company 
D  received  fifty-two  members.  Company  E  received  forty-five 
members  and  Company  F  received  twenty  members.  Only  a 
few  members  joined  the  other  four  companies  in  the  month 
of  August.  The  ranks  of  all  the  companies  were  practically 
full  by  the  end  of  September.  As  fast  as  the  several  companies 
were  organized  the  regular  routine  of  camp  duty  and  military 
drill  were  instituted.  After  breakfast  the  first  order  of  the 
day  was  guard  mounting.     This  consisted  of  sending  a  detail 


24        44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  m.  Camp  Guard.  Sept.  1861] 

of  men  from  each  company  to  report  to  the  Adjutant  who  con- 
ducted the  ceremony.  After  the  ceremony  the  guard  was 
marched  to  the  guard  house  where  it  was  divided  into  three 
parts,  each  part  being  called  a  relief,  and  they  were  numbered, 
first,  second,  and  third.  The  first  relief  was  posted  around  the 
camp  to  guard  the  camp,  keeping  members  of  the  regiment  in 
and  intruders  out.  After  remaining  on  duty  for  two  hours  the 
second  relief  took  their  places,  and  the  first  relief  was  marched 
back  to  the  guard  house.  In  like  manner  at  the  end  of  two 
hours  the  third  relief  took  the  place  of  the  second.  Thus  the 
three  reliefs  alternated  during  the  twenty-four  hours  when  the 
entire  guard  was  changed.  Guarding  camp  was  an  important 
duty.  This  was  especially  so  while  in  an  enemy's  country. 
Because  it  was  important  strict  orders  were  given  and  strict 
observance  of  those  orders  was  required.  The  safety  of  the 
regimental  camp,  or,  even  the  safety  of  the  whole  army,  might 
depend  on  the  vigilance  and  the  intelligence  of  the  soldier  on 
guard.  Because  it  was  thus  important,  the  failure  of  a  sol- 
dier to  perform  faithfully  his  duties  while  on  guard  subjected 
him  to  severe  punishment. 

Guard  mounting  over,  officers  of  different  companies  took 
out  their  men,  or  the  new  men  coming  to  their  companies,  foi 
squad  drill.  Here  were  imparted  the  lessons  of  the  soldier. 
Improper  carriage  of  the  body  or  gait  in  walking  had  to  be 
corrected.  In  order  to  have  a  company  uniform  in  action  and 
appearance  all  must  execute  the  same  order  in  the  same  way. 

Later  on,  after  the  muskets  were  received,  the  manual  of 
arms  was  taught.  This  branch  of  the  drill  was  usually  taught 
to  a  less  number  than  a  full  company,  as  beginners  required' 
more  roo-m  to  execute  the  movements  than  was  available  in  a 
close  formation.  In  the  manual  of  arms  there  were  many  dif- 
ferent movements  which  required  exact  execution  on  a  given 
time.  In  this  branch  of  the  work,  the  bayonet  drill  received 
its  fair  share  of  attention.  Drill  in  the  school  of  the  soldier 
and  in  the  manual  of  arms  was  prosecuted  with  earnestness 
and  vigor.  The  time  spent  in  these  elementary  instructions 
proved  to  be  of  lasting  benefit. 

When  some  degree  of  proficiency  had  been  obtained  in  the 
school  of  the  soldier,  and  in  the  manual  of  arms,  the  next  step 
consisted  in  instruction  in  the  school  of  the  company.  A  por- 
tion of  the  forenoon  was  devoted  to  this  branch  of  the  pre- 


^"""^^"^o 


-^?/ 


ELIAS  L.  BISSELL. 

Dr.  Elias  L.  Bissell  was  born  in  Lancaster.  N.  Y.,  October  22.  1833. 
Educated  in  Michigan  University  and  the  New  York  College  of  Phy- 
sicians and  Surgeons;  practiced  a  year  in  Bellevue  Hospital,  and  a 
short  time  in  Buffalo  before  the  War. 

September  i,  1861,  he  was  enrolled  as  Assistant  Surgeon  of  the  44th 
N.  Y.  V.  I.,  and  promoted  in  November,  1862  to  Surgeon  of  the  22nd 
N.  Y.  V.  I.,  later  becoming    Brigade   Surgeon   of  the  First   Brigade. 

In  1864  he  married  Miss  A.  Lora  Hudson,  who  was  the  "daughter  of 
the  regiment"  of  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.  and  composer  of  the  regimental 
song,  "Strike  Freeman,  etc."'  She  did  devoted  and  valuable  work  in 
the  Regimental  Hospital. 

At  the  expiration  of  his  service  he  opened  an  office  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y., 
where  he  practiced  until  his  death.  November  t,  1905. 


MRS.    LORA   HUDSON    BISSELL. 

]\Irs.  Bissell,  best  known  to  the  44th  Regiment  as  A.  Lora  Hudson, 
was  born  near  Albany,  Aug.  4,  1839,  the  daughter  of  a  Baptist  clerg\- 
man.  Earh'  left  an  orphan,  she  followed  the  vocation  of  school  teacher 
until  she  began  her  work  as  an  Army  nurse. 

It  was  at  her  desk  after  school  hours  that  she  wrote  the  words  of 
the  "Ellsworth  Avengers."  This  song  came  to  the  notice  of  the  regi- 
ment A  committee  called  on  Miss  Hudson,  asked  her  permission 
to  adopt  the  words  as  its  regimental  song,  and  learning  of  her  desire 
to  serve  her  country  actively,  invited  her  to  accompany  them  as  the 
Daughter  of  the  Regiment.  This  she  did,  being  with  the  regiment 
during  her  entire  service.  While  matron  of  the  3d  Brigade  Hospital 
in  1861  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va.,  she  met  Dr.  Bissell,  then  Assistant  Surgeon 
of  the  Regiment,  to  whom  she  was  married  in  1864  while  she  was  still 
ill  the  service. 

After  the  War  Mrs.  Bissell  resided  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  until  her 
death  in  1899. 

She  was  an  efficient  and  self  sacrificing  hospital  nurse  and  never 
lost  her  love  for  "her  Iwys"  as  she  always  called  the  men  of  the  44th, 
and  they  were  as  loyal  to  her  as  she  to  them. 

It  was  her  great  pride  that  her  name  is  engraved  on  the  Gettys- 
burg Monument. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        25 

(Chap.  m.  Military  Education.  Sept.  i86x] 

paratory  work.  This  involved  evolutions  in  close  formation 
where  soldiers  touched  elbows  in  line,  kept  a  proper  alignment, 
moved  together  in  a  uniform  step,  carried  their  muskets  in  a 
uniform  manner.  To  observe  all  these  things  at  the  same  time 
required  on  the  part  of  the  beginner,  constant  care  and  atten- 
tion. It  often  became  a  matter  of  extreme  concern  how  to  keep 
the  step,  while  the  mental  energies  were  employed  to  keep  in 
line  by  observing  the  guide  and  keeping  up  the  touch  of  elbows. 
To  begin  with  each  member  knew  his  right  hand  from  his  left, 
at  the  same  time  facings  were  often  executed  in  the  wrong  di- 
rection. It  would  seem  a  little  ludicrous  to  the  novice  and 
the  least  bit  mortifying  to  find  himself  by  some  wrong  ma- 
noeuver  facing  his  companion.  Such  an  accident  generally  pro- 
duced a  moderate  amount  of  suppressed  mirth. 

Those  officers  of  the  regiment,  who  had  been  drilled  by  or 
who  had  served  under  Col.  Ellsworth,  and  those  officers  who 
had  belonged  to  Company  A,  Albany  Zouave  Cadets,  and  been 
drilled  by  its  accomplished  commander,  Capt.  Frederick  Town- 
send,  afterwards  Adjutant  General  of  the  State  of  New  York, 
or  who  had  belonged  to  the  loth  N.  Y.  M.,  rendered  valuable 
services,  not  only  in  drilling  the  men  of  their  several  companies, 
but  also  in  advising  and  assisting  those  officers  who  lacked  prior 
mihtary  experience.  Their  zeal  and  deportment  seemed  to 
permeate  the  whole  regiment.  In  the  organization  of  our  large 
volunteer  army  in  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War,  it  frequently 
happened  that  inexperienced  officers  were  placed  in  command 
of  undrilled  men.  This,  to  some  extent,  applied  to  the  original 
organization  of  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York.  It  should  be 
stated  in  this  connection  that  an  efficient  officer  must  not  only 
be  familiar  with  the  correct  order  to  be  given  at  the  proper 
time,  but  he  must  also  have  an  aptitude  for  commanding  men. 
This  aptitude  can  neither  be  acquired  by  the  study  of  mihtary 
tactics  and  army  regulations,  nor  by  instructions  under  a  com- 
petent commander.  It  is  something  which  is  innate  in  the 
person.  It  follows  that  in  choosing  the  first  officers  of  a  com- 
pany or  regiment,  the  fact  that  they  may  have  had  the  bene- 
fit of  some  actual  training,  does  not  vouchsafe  their  efficiency 
when  put  to  actual  test  in  the  field.  Theory  and  training  are 
necessary  adjuncts  to  the  qualifications  of  an  officer,  but  ex- 
perience in  actual  field  work  is  the  final  test  of  his  efficiency. 
An  officer  may  make  a  good  showing  on  the  parade  ground. 


26         44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

(Chap,  in.  Discipline.  Sept.  z86i 

or  in  the  routine  of  camp  duty,  but  be  an  utter  failure  when 
confronted  with  the  trying  and  versatile  problems  of  battle. 
The  foregoing  observations  apply  to  officers  of  all  grades.  It 
required  time  and  care  to  eliminate  impractical  and  useless 
officers  from  the  armies  during  the  Civil  War. 

In  the  early  days  of  the  regiment  not  infrequently  unex- 
pected events  would  happen.  The  following  is  a  faithful  ver- 
sion of  one  such  event.  One  evening  three  members  of  a  pro- 
posed new  company  obtained  passes  to  go  down  town  to  the 
telegraph  office  to  send  a  dispatch  to  a  person  in  another  part 
of  the  State,  asking  him  if  he  would  accept  the  Captaincy  of 
such  proposed  new  company  and  asking  for  an  immediate 
reply.  As  the  officers  of  the  company  were  to  be  selected 
next  day,  it  was  important  to  receive  the  reply  at  once.  The 
three  members  waited  for  a  reply  as  long  as  they  thought  the 
time  limit  of  their  passes  would  permit  and  enable  them  to 
report  on  time.  The  time  limit  was  ten  o'clock  P.  M.  In  order 
that  there  might  be  no  failure  on  their  part  they  ran  most  of 
the  way  back  to  the  barracks.  On  reaching  the  entrance  to 
the  camp,  the  sentinel  on  duty  at  the  gate  looked  at  their  passes, 
decided  that  the  time  limit  had  expired,  and  lustily  called  for 
the  Corporal  of  the  Guard.  The  Corporal's  watch  confirmed 
the  suspicions  of  the  guard  and  there  was  no  escape  from 
the  penalty.  Neither  explanation  nor  apology  was  of  any  avail. 
The  three  members  were  hurried  to  the  guard  house  under 
guard  and  locked  in  a  cell.  The  cell  was  about  eight  feet  long 
and  six  feet  wide.  The  only  furniture  or  furnishing  of  the 
cell  was  a  small  tick  about  two  feet  wide  and  six  feet  long, 
scantily  filled  with  straw.  To  begin  with  the  occupants  of  the 
cell  were  alternately  amused  at  the  ludicrousness  of  the  situa- 
tion and  indignant  on  account  of  their  arbitrary  treatment.  The 
amusing  feature  soon  passed  away  and  indignation  increased. 
It  was  difficult  to  keep  the  language  that  followed  within  proper 
limits  of  persons  who  had  recently  passed  an  examination 
for  good  moral  character.  It  would  not  be  in  good  form 
to  repeat  the  language  here.  The  occupants  of  the  cell  re- 
fused to  accept  bread  and  water  for  breakfast  and  managed 
to  get  the  attention  of  Adjutant  Knox  who  ordered  their  im- 
mediate release  and  mollified  their  feelings  by  proclaiming  it 
a  monstrous  outrage.     Before  evening  of  the  day  of  their  re- 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        27 

[Chap.  m.  Lt.  Col.  Rice.  Sept.  i86z 

lease  they  were  all  chosen  officers  of  their  company.  This  in- 
cident is  given  to  show  how  exact  is  military  duty  when  ar- 
bitrarily performed. 

Another  incident  is  here  related  for  the  purpose  of  showing 
the  variety  of  experience  in  the  camp  of  instruction.  One 
forenoon  one  of  the  companies  was  out  for  the  usual  drill.  If 
the  letter  of  the  company  is  not  given,  members  of  other  com- 
panies may  conjecture  that  the  experience  was  their  own.  It 
was  proposed  to  give  an  exhibition  of  a  real  bayonet  charge. 
The  officers  in  command  of  the  company  in  question  drew  it 
up  facing  a  high  board  fence.  The  company  was  informed 
that  it  would  not  be  necessary  to  pursue  the  charge  beyond 
the  fence.  Bayonets  were  fixed,  careful  instructions  were 
given,  and  every  member  of  the  company  appeared  to  feel 
that  the  company  was  about 

"Charging  an  army  while 
All  the  world  wondered." 

The  order  was  given  and  away  went  the  company.  The 
movement  was  a  model  of  speed,  impetuosity  and  individual 
action.  The  vociferous  and  prolonged  yell  could  not  easily  be 
equalled.  Each  member  appeared  to  choose  his  own  objective 
point,  which  was  probably  a  knot  hole  in  the  fence.  As  the 
knot  holes  were  not  so  numerous  as  the  company,  irregular  in 
their  relative  positions  and  considerably  extended  beyond  either 
flank,  a  chaotic  confusion  ensued.  The  momentum  was  so 
great  that  repeated  orders  failed  to  retard  the  movement  or 
check  the  fury.  At  the  end  all  semblance  of  organization  was 
gone,  one  man  had  a  bayonet  wound  in  his  cheek,  one  man 
fainted  and  several  bayonets  were  broken.  This  charge  was 
unique  in  its  kind  and  unsurpassed  during  the  subsequent  serv- 
ice of  the  company. 

During  the  formative  period  of  the  regiment,  Stephen  W. 
Stryker  was  in  charge  with  the  rank  of  Major.  On  the  third 
day  of  September  James  C.  Rice  joined  the  regiment  and  was 
commissioned  Lieut.  Colonel  with  rank  from  that  date.  Being 
senior  officer  in  rank  he  assumed  command  of  the  regiment.  It 
soon  became  apparent  that  he  was  not  familiar  with  the  evolu- 
tions in  a  battalion  drill.  Considerable  disappointment  was  mani- 
fested by  the  rank  and  file  of  the  regiment.    A  petition  signed 


28        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  m.  Col.  Stryker.  Sept.  1861 

by  several  of  the  officers  of  the  regiment  was  presented  to 
him  requesting  him  to  resign.  This  incident  aggrieved  him 
greatly  but  he  did  not  resign.  In  conversation  with  an  officer 
of  the  regiment,  who  did  not  sign  the  petition,  he  showed  much 
feeling  and  said  he  could  not  resign  as  that  would  disgrace 
him  forever.  The  Committee  of  the  Ellsworth  Association 
had  been  endeavoring  to  secure  a  regular  army  officer  for 
Colonel  of  the  regiment.  This  they  were  unable  to  do  as  they 
were  not  able  to  find  a  suitable  officer  who  was  available  at 
the  time.  It  was  finally  decided  to  have  Major  Stryker  com- 
missioned as  Colonel  and  let  him  take  command.  He  ranked 
as  Colonel  from  the  21st  day  of  September.  Col.  Stryker  and 
Lieut.  Colonel  Rice  were  persons  of  very  different  type.  Their 
divergence  of  character  and  military  qualifications  became 
more  apparent  later  on.  It  would  hardly  be  expected  that  from 
such  divergent  natures,  congenial  companionship  could  be 
formed.  James  McKown  of  Albany,  N.  Y.,  who  had  seen 
service  in  the  Mexican  War,  was  commissioned  Major,  to  take 
rank  from  September  24th  in  place  of  Sti-yker,  promoted.  To 
some  extent  the  opinion  prevailed  in  the  regiment  that  the 
Committee  of  the  Ellsworth  Association  was  not  entirely  for- 
tunate in  selecting  persons  to  recommend  for  commissions  as 
field  officers.  It  is  a  difficult  problem  to  select  persons  from 
civil  life  who  will  make  proper  and  successful  military  officers. 
Experiences  of  this  kind  might  be  multiplied  indefinitely.  It 
might  be  profitable  for  the  Government  to  preserve  a  record 
of  failures  and  their  causes  for  future  reference. 

The  regimental  organization  completed,  affairs  about  the 
camp  took  on  an  increased  activity.  The  drill  grounds  at 
times  were  covered  by  separate  companies  or  detachments 
severally  performing  a  great  variety  of  evolutions.  An  invisible 
enemy  seemed  to  hover  around  the  field,  stimulating  all  in  this 
preparatory  work. 

In  accordance  with  the  promise  contained  in  the  circular 
issued  by  the  Committee  of  the  Ellsworth  Association  a  new 
and  unique  uniform  was  provided  for  the  non-commissioned 
officers  and  men.  It  consisted  of  a  blue  cap,  Zouave  jacket 
with  brass  buttons,  blue  trousers  with  red  stripes  on  the  outer 
seams,  shoes  with  yellow  leggins  or  over  gaiters.  They  were 
also  provided  by  the  ladies  of  Albany  with  Hnen  Havelock  cap 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        29 

Chap.  m.  Uniforms.  Sept.  1861] 

covers  as  a  protection  from  the  heat  of  the  sun.  When  arrayed 
in  these  new  jaunty  uniforms,  the  regiment  presented  a  fine 
appearance.  These  uniforms  were  very  well  while  in  camp  or 
on  garrison  duty  where  attention  could  be  given  to  caring  for 
and  renewing  them,  but  it  was  impracticable  to  keep  a  regi- 
ment uniformed  with  them  while  engaged  in  field  duty.  So 
very  soon  they  had  to  be  laid  aside  and  the  regular  U.  S.  uni- 
form substituted.    The  officers  wore  the  regular  U.  S.  uniform. 

The  friends  of  the  different  officers  made  them  various 
gifts.     Some  of  them  are  herein  referred  to. 

Second  Lieut.  Christopher  R.  Becker  of  Company  G  was 
presented  with  an  officer's  uniform.  Captain  William  L,  Van- 
derlip  of  the  same  company  was  presented  by  Justice  Parsons 
with  sword,  sash,  belt  and  other  equipments.  First  Lieut.  Alex- 
ander McRoberts  of  Company  C  was  presented  by  his  friends, 
members  of  the  Union  Drill  Association,  with  a  complete  set 
of  equipments.  Private  Henry  F.  Real  was  presented  by  his 
fellows  of  the  State  Street  Sunday  School  with  an  elegant 
Bible.  One  evening  Company  E  was  invited  to  the  spacious 
and  hospitable  home  of  First  Lieut.  Bradford  R.  Wood  and 
presented  with  a  beautiful  silk  flag  by  some  of  the  patriotic 
ladies  of  Albany,  friends  of  the  company  and  regiment.  Mr. 
Jacob  L  Werner,  a  member  of  the  Executive  Committee  of 
the  Ellsworth  Association,  made  the  presentation  speech.  The 
company  were  then  served  with  some  light  refreshments  after 
which  they  gave  a  drill  in  the  manual  of  arms  to  the  great 
pleasure  of  the  guests.  Company  F,  the  Albany  company, 
was  also  presented  with  a  beautiful  silk  flag  of  the  regulation 
size  by  the  ladies. 

As  the  army  regulations  provide  for  but  one  regimental  flag, 
the  company  flags  were  not  used  in  the  field  but  were  stored 
in  Washington  or  elsewhere  during  the  war.  Second  Lieut. 
Charles  W.  Gibbs  of  Company  F  was  presented  with  a  sword, 
sash,  belt  and  revolver.  Second  Lieut.  Myron  H.  Cole  of 
Company  E  was  presented  with  a  sword,  sash  and  belt  by 
Charles  E.  Smith.  Capt.  Campbell  Allen  of  Company  F,  who 
had  been  Principal  of  one  of  the  public  schools  in  Albany,  was 
presented  at  Tweddle  Hall  by  teachers,  scholars  and  friends, 
with  an  officer's  uniform,  sword,  belt,  revolver  and  travelling 
trunk.     Major  James  McKown  one  morning  found  hitched  in 


30         44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  m.  Total  Abstinence.  Oct.  i86x 

front  of  his  residence  a  handsome  bay  horse,  the  gift  of  many 
friends.  At  the  residence  of  his  brother-in-law,  A.  McClure, 
Lieut.  Colonel  James  C.  Rice  in  the  presence  of  Gov.  Morgan, 
Hon,  Erastus  Corning,  John  G.  Gage  and  others,  was  presented 
with  sword,  sash,  belt,  a  pair  of  revolvers  and  other  things  by 
friends  in  the  city.  The  presentation  address  was  made  by 
Mrs.  William  Barnes,  daughter  of  Thurlow  Weed,  who  spoke 
with  great  feeling  and  patriotic  fervor,  and  whose  address 
stirred  the  hearts  of  all  who  listened.  Lieut.  Col.  Rice  made 
a  very  eloquent  and  touching  reply,  and  in  closing  said : 

"I  accept  them  as  a  soldier,  willing  to  leave  all,  sacrifice  all, 
save  a  Savior's  love,  willing  to  offer  up  my  life,  if  need  be,  for 
my  country." 

Citzens  of  Albany  presented  Col.  Stryker  with  a  beautiful 
horse,  a  uniform,  sword,  sash  and  belt.  Color-Sergeant  John 
G.  Vanderzee  was  presented  by  Judge  Nott  of  Bethlehem  with 
a  sword,  sash,  belt  and  blanket. 

The  knapsacks  of  the  men  contained  many  presents  from 
home  and  from  the  ladies  of  Albany.  Among  the  gifts  was 
plenty  of  lint  and  plaster  for  those  who  might  be  wounded. 
Many  of  the  young  men  in  the  regiment  were  persuaded  to 
sign  a  pledge  not  to  drink  intoxicating  liquors  during  the  war. 
It  is  believed  that  most  of  those  who  signed  the  pledge  kept 
it  during  their  entire  term  of  service. 

The  following  is  a  copy  of  a  pledge  prepared  and  signed  by 
Allen  C.  Adsit  and  others : 

"Whereas,  we,  the  undersigned,  having  enlisted  in  the  People's  Ells- 
worth Regiment  to  serve  during  the  war,  and  well  knowing  the  dangers 
which  surround  us  arising  from  intemperate  habits  and  evil  communi- 
cations which  corrupt  good  manners,  and  which  are  more  dangerous 
to  the  life,  health  and  character,  and  destroy  more  lives,  than  the  guns 
of  the  enemy,  therefore,  we  do  solemnly  promise  and  agree  that  we  will 
not  during  our  said  enlistment  use  intoxicating  liquors  as  a  beverage, 
tobacco  in  any  form,  nor  profane  language,  and  will  discountenance  the 
use  of  the  same  in  others  to  the  best  of  our  ability  and  influence." 

It  is  not  a  small  affair  to  organize,  equip,  drill  and  discipline 
one  thousand  young  men,  fresh  from  the  various  vocations  of 
civil  life,  in  a  manner  suitable  for  active  military  duty  in  the 
field.  The  labor  was  increased  somewhat  by  the  fact  that 
the  members  of  the  regiment  were  selected  from  different  parts 
of  the  State,  and  to  a  large  extent  strangers.     The  several 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        31 

[Chap.  m.  First  Review  and  Parade.  Oct.  8,  z86i] 

schools  of  the  soldier,  company  and  battalion  had  their  sepa- 
rate lessons  and  exercises.  It  involved  not  only  the  knowledge 
and  ability  to  execute  the  various  movements,  and  orders,  but 
also  that  each  member  should  become  imbued  vv^ith  the  proper 
spirit  incident  to  the  service. 

The  first  battle  of  Bull  Run  had  recently  been  fought.  The 
result  was  fearfully  disastrous  to  the  Union  Army.  It  had 
the  effect,  however,  to  awaken  those  who  adhered  to  the  Union 
to  the  gravity  of  the  situation.  It  now  became  apparent  that 
there  was  no  hope  of  compromise,  that  the  differences  of  the 
people  could  only  be  settled  by  the  arbitrament  of  contending 
armies.  The  knowledge  of  the  National  situation  and  the 
prospects  of  engaging  a  hostile  army  in  actual  warfare,  has- 
tened the  preparatory  work  while  at  the  barracks. 

On  Tuesday  the  8th  day  of  October,  the  regiment  was  re- 
viewed on  the  Washington  parade  ground  by  Gov.  E.  D.  Mor- 
gan, attended  by  his  military  staff.  At  three  o'clock  a  salute 
was  fired  in  honor  of  the  Commander-in-Chief.  The  review 
commenced  at  3:15  P.  M.,  and  was  followed  by  various  evolu- 
tions of  the  battalion  continuously  until  5  o'clock,  when  the 
reviewing  officer  and  his  staff  retired.  It  was  estimated  that 
there  were  about  6,000  people  present,  witnessing  the  review. 
It  was  the  first  review  of  the  regiment  and  it  received  many 
compliments.  As  the  time  approached  for  leaving  the  bar- 
racks, the  routine  of  camp  duty  and  drills  seemed  to  increase. 
During  the  fore  part  of  October  the  bayonet  and  skirmish 
drills  became  quite  prominent.  On  Friday  October  i8th  the 
regiment  made  quite  an  extended  practice  march  through 
various  streets  of  the  city.  On  the  next  day  the  following 
article  appeared  in  one  of  the  daily  newspapers. 

"Parade  of  the  Ellsworth  Regiment." 
"Despite  the  unfavorable  weather  and  the  wretched  condition  of 
the  streets  the  favorite  Ellsworth  Regiment  made  a  street  parade  yester- 
day afternoon.  They  entered  State  Street  at  the  Capitol  soon  after  4 
o'clock  and  marched  down  to  the  intersection  of  Broadway  in  companies. 
The  companies  then  broke  into  platoons  and  wheeled  into  Broadway, 
marching  up  that  Avenue  to  Clinton  Street,  up  Clinton  Avenue  to  Pearl 
Street,  down  Pearl  to  Lydius  and  up  Lydius  to  the  barracks. 

The  appearance  of  the  regiment  while  coming  down  State  Street 
was  splendid.  Each  company  presented  an  unbroken  front  and  every 
man  had  his  eyes  to  the  front.     There  was  no  wavering.     The  men 


32         44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  m.  Press  Comments.  Oct.  1861] 

marched  like  old  soldiers,  and  executed  everj-  movement  promptly  and 
admirably.  As  they  passed  along  they  were  continually  saluted  by  the 
citizens  who  had  assembled  to  greet  them." 

On  Saturday  the  19th  day  of  October,  the  regiment  was 
reviewed  by  the  officers  and  Executive  Committee  of  the  Ells- 
worth Association.  It  was  fitting  and  proper  that  they  who 
had  planned  and  labored  so  patiently  and  unselfishly  to  organize 
and  equip  the  regiment,  should  have  an  opportunity  to  witness 
it  as  a  whole  before  it  left  the  State.  The  reviewing  officers 
spoke  with  unstinted  praise  of  the  soldierly  appearance  of  the 
regiment  and  that  they  felt  richly  paid  for  the  time  and  labor 
which  they  had  spent  in  its  behalf. 

The  regiment  received  many  encomiums  from  the  people 
and  the  press  of  the  State.  The  high  ideals  of  the  Ellsworth 
Association  had  been  realized.  The  Albany  Morning  Express 
under  date  of  October  19th,  in  speaking  of  the  regiment,  said: 

"Albany,  Erie  and  Herkimer  counties,  each  furnished  more  mem- 
bers than  any  other  single  county  in  the  State,  the  two  former  furnish- 
ing a  full  company  each,  and  the  latter  the  greater  part  of  a  company. 
Nearly  every  county  in  the  State  was  represented  in  the  regiment,  by 
some  of  the  very  best  young  men  of  their  respective  localities,  men  who 
come  up  to  the  requirements  of  the  Committee  and  who  have  shown 
themselves  to  be  gentlemen  in  every  sense  of  the  word.  The  rapid 
improvement  of  the  regiment,  we  think,  can  be  easily  accounted  for. 
Each  member  felt  that:  he  was  assigned  to  a  proud  responsible  position, 
that  he  was  the  representative  of  a  constituency,  who  would  expect  from 
him  a  faithful  account  of  his  stewardship,  and  that  he  could  not  be  un- 
mindful of  his  duty  without  bringing  reproach  and  discredit  upon  those 
who  had  conferred  the  honor  upon  him.  Actuated  and  prompted  by 
such  feelings  each  and  every  man  devoted  himself  assiduously  to  his 
task,  which  was  rendered  pleasant  by  the  care  and  attention  of  the  of- 
ficers and  their  personal  endeavors  to  instruct  them.  Thus  the  regiment 
has  been  brought  to  its  high  standard  and  thus  it  will  become  one  of  the 
best,  if  not  the  very  best,  organized  in  the  State. 

The  officers  of  the  regiment  are  all  excellent  soldiers,  as  is  evident 
from  the  excellent  drill  and  the  discipline  maintained.  They  are  all 
young,  active,  energetic  and  intelligent,  and  endeared  to  their  men.  We 
venture  the  assertion  that  in  no  regiment  can  there  be  found  such  a 
cordiality  of  feeling  as  exists  between  the  rank  and  file  of  this  really 
crack  organization." 

Who  that  saw  and  knew  the  regiment,  knew  the  quality  and 
character  of  the  rank  and  file  of  which  it  was  composed,  their 


CHARLES  HARTSOX  BLAIR. 

Born  at  Perrysburg,  N.  Y.,  September  22,  1838.  Enlisted  in  Com- 
pany H,  September  15,  1861.  Was  mustered  out  with  the  Regiment, 
October,  1864.  He  was  wounded  in  the  Battles  of  Hanover  Court 
House,  Second  Bull  Run  and  Gettysburg.  Except  when  disabled  and 
absent  on  account  of  wounds  he  was  in  every  battle  that  his  Regi- 
ment fought.  He  married  Christiana  Badgers,  a  daughter  of  a  soldier, 
and  his  only  child,  Grace,  married  George  A.  Grugg,  an  only  son  of  a 
soldier. 


I  pK  librae 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        33 

[Chap.  m.  Ordered  to  "The  Front"  Oct  1861 

patriotic  devotion  and  consecration  to  the  cause,  will  not  say 
that  the  picture  in  the  main  is  correct? 

Colonel  Fox  in  his  History  of  Regimental  Losses,  in  speak- 
ing of  this  regiment  says : 

"The  enlisted  men  of  this  regiment  were  the  finest  of  any  in  the 
service.  They  were  recruited  from  every  county  in  the  State  in  con- 
formity to  the  requirements  calling  for  unmarried,  able-bodied  men, 
not  over  thirty  years  of  age,  not  under  five  feet  eight  inches  in  height 
and  of  good  moral  character.  The  men  were  of  a  high  order  of  in- 
telligence and  when  the  regiment  was  organized  it  was  found  that  the 
average  age  was  twenty-two,  and  the  average  height  five  feet  ten  and 
one  half  inches.  The  men  wore  a  Zouave  uniform  the  first  year  of  the 
service." 

At  length  the  order  came  for  the  regiment  to  leave  the  bar- 
racks. The  announcement  of  orders  to  proceed  to  Washingfton 
was  received  with  much  apparent  satisfaction. 

"Yesterday  afternoon  the  Ellsworth  Regiment  had  a  parade  on 
the  Poor  House  Farm  opposite  the  barracks.  And  while  maneuvering, 
Col.  Stryker,  who  had  been  in  the  city  during  the  day,  arrived  on  the 
ground.  He  immediately  took  command  of  the  regiment  and  after 
marching  and  wheeling  in  divisions  for  a  short  time,  he  halted  the 
men  in  a  ravine  in  the  southeast  comer  of  the  field.  He  took  position 
on  an  elevation  to  the  right  of  the  regiment  while  the  band  was  on 
the  left.  Every  man  seemed  to  anticipate  what  was  coming.  Perfect 
quiet  prevailed  as  the  Colonel  pulled  from  his  belt  an  oflScial  document 
which  he  proceeded  to  read,  and  which  were  the  orders  for  the  regi- 
ment to  march  on  Monday  next.  Before  the  reading  had  been  con- 
cluded there  arose  such  a  shout  from  the  eight  hundred  men  on  parade 
as  made  the  very  earth  tremble.  Cheer  after  cheer  was  given,  caps 
were  thrown  heavenward,  muskets  followed,  and  even  the  men  them- 
selves jumped  from  the  ground  and  leaped  about  as  if  each  and  all 
had  received  news  of  being  heir  to  princely  fortunes.  Such  dancing, 
such  pirouetting,  such  prancing,  such  hugging,  in  fact  such  an  en- 
thusiastic demonstration  was  never  before  witnessed  in  these  parts. 
To  say  that  the  boys  were  wild  with  joy,  but  feebly  describes  their 
feelings  and  actions.  It  was  a  perfect  delirium,  and  each  man  seemed 
to  endeavor  to  exceed  his  neighbor  in  giving  vent  to  his  feelings.  As 
the  cheering  ceased  a  loud  cry  was  given  'Dixie!'  and  immediately 
the  band  struck  up  that  familiar  and  pleasant  air.  The  sweet  strains 
of  the  music  aroused  the  enthusiasm  of  the  boys  again,  and  with  their 
loud  huzzas  they  fairly  drowned  the  notes  of  Schreiber  and  his  com- 
rades. Even  Charlie  Kane's  terrific  thumps  on  his  favorite  bass  drum 
could  not  be  heard. 

As  the  band  ceased  playing  Colonel  Stryker  waved  his  hand,  com- 
manding order  and  silence,  and  in  much  less  time  than  could  have 


34        44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Cbap.  m.  Enthusiasm.  Oct.  1861] 

been  expected,  considering  the  excited  state  of  feeling  of  the  men, 
when  the  Colonel  addressed  them  as  follows : 

'Boys,  I  will  now  give  you  the  program.  To-morrow  (Thursday) 
three  companies  (naming  them)  will  be  allowed  their  liberty  until  two 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  At  which  time  all  the  men  must  be  at  the 
barracks.  In  the  afternoon  there  will  be  a  battalion  drill.  On  Friday, 
three  other  companies  (naming  them)  will  have  their  liberty  until  two 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  In  the  afternoon  we  will  make  a  street  parade. 
In  the  evening  we  intend  to  give  our  band  a  complimentary  concert  at 
Tweddle  Hall  and  we  wish  you  all  to  attend.  You  know  you  have 
all  had  uniforms  furnished  you,  but  the  band  has  not,  and  we  desire 
to  do  something  handsome  for  those  who  will  add  so  much  to  our 
pleasure  when  away  from  here.  (Rousing  cheers  were  here  given  the 
band.)  On  Saturday  the  four  remaining  companies  of  the  regiment 
will  be  given  their  liberty  until  two  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  Saturday 
afternoon  we  will  be  reviewed  by  the  Executive  Committee  of  the 
Ellsworth  Association  for  the  last  time.  Now  boys  you  are  to  be 
given  your  liberty,  and  I  hope  not  a  man  of  you  will  do  anything  that 
you  will  be  ashamed  of.  or  that  you  will  be  ashamed  to  tell  me.  I  am 
satisfied  you  will  not.  You  have  read  in  the  papers  that  I  am  proud 
of  this  regiment,  but  they  can't  tell  you  half  how  proud  I  am  of  you. 

'I  desire  to  state  to  you  that  Governor  Morgan  has  telegraphed  to 
New  York  for  one  thousand  shirts,  the  best  that  can  be  procured  for 
you.  You  have  drawn  all  the  clothing  you  are  entitled  to,  but  the 
Governor  declares  that  his  pet  regiment  shall  not  leave  the  city  unless 
their  every  want  is  provided  for.  (This  elicited  another  outburst  of 
cheering  for  the  Governor.)  The  Governor  did  not  want  to  promise 
you  about  the  new  guns  for  fear  he  would  disappoint  you,  but  this  after- 
noon he  informs  me  that  one  thousand  Minnie  rifle  muskets  are  on 
their  way  from  Springfield  for  you,  and  they  are  the  best  ever  made. 

'The  date  of  our  departure  will  be  known  to  all  your  friends  to- 
night, as  I  have  telegraphed  it  all  over  the  State,  and  they  will  have 
permission  to  pass  within  the  lines  and  see  you.  On  Sunday  morning 
you  will  be  permitted  to  attend  church  in  the  city,  and  in  the  afternoon 
there  will  be  services  in  camp.  At  five  o'clock  there  will  be  a  dress 
parade.  On  Monday  morning  every  man  must  be  at  his  post.  And 
at  one  o'clock  your  friends  will  have  to  leave  you.  (Just  then  one 
of  the  boys  shouted,  "Bully  for  that"  which  created  much  merriment.) 
At  two  o'clock  everything  must  be  in  readiness  to  leave  that  old  place 
(pointing  to  the  barracks)  for  good.  (The  reminder  that  they  were 
soon  to  enter  the  field  was  the  signal  for  another  rally  of  cheers  from 
all  hands.)  And  now  boys,  I  propose  three  cheers  for  the  glorious 
stars  and  stripes,  the  flag  that  can  never  meet  with  dishonor  or  dis- 
grace, so  long  as  a  People's  Ellsworth  is  left  to  defend  it.' " 

"The  cheers  were  given,  and  three  more,  and  three  again,  and 
three  more  still,  winding  up  with  a  three  times  three  and  'a  tiger  as  is 
a  tiger.'  We  think  that  if  people  had  been  listening  in  Greenbush,  they 
might  have  heard  those  cheers,  for  we  never  heard  such  huzzas  before ; 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        35 

(Chap.  m.  Official  Commendation.  Oct.  1861] 

nor  have  we  ever  seen  men  more  enthusiastic,  it  was  a  scene  without 
a  parallel,  and  showed  that  the  Ellsworth's  to  a  man,  are  anxiously 
looking  forward  to  the  time  when  they  may,  by  deeds  of  valor  and 
courage,  show  that  they  are  worthy  of  the  name  they  bear,  worthy  of 
being  the  representatives  of  the  Empire  State." 

More  than  two  months  had  passed  since  the  advance  de- 
tachment entered  the  barracks.  The  time  had  been  well  spent 
in  preparatory  work.  It  can  not  be  denied  that  the  routine 
in  the  Albany  camp  had  become  somewhat  monotonous.  The 
life  in  the  barracks  was  but  a  short  intermediate  step  between 
the  life  of  a  citizen  and  the  life  of  a  soldier  in  the  field.  Sub- 
stantial bunks  in  well-enclosed  barracks,  with  cooked  rations 
served  even  on  crude  tables,  were  far  more  luxurious  than 
the  limited  accommodations  in  camp.  Subsequent  experience 
proved  the  wisdom  of  Hamlet's  familiar  saying:  "It  is  better 
to  endure  the  ills  we  have  than  flee  to  those  we  know  not  of." 

In  honor  of  the  regiment  the  following  order  was  issued  by 
the  Adjutant  General: 

"State  of  New  York,   Depot  of  Volunteers, 
October  20,  1861. 
Special  Order   No.   84. 

The  General  commanding  the  depot  can  not  permit  the  People's 
Ellsworth  Regiment  to  pass  from  his  command  without  returning  to 
all  officers  and  privates  alike  his  sincere  thanks  for  the  order  and 
discipline  which  have  been  maintained  during  the  difficult  period  of 
organization,  for  the  promptness  and  alacrity  with  which  they  have 
obeyed  every  order,  and  for  the  uniform  courtesy  and  soldierly  bearing 
which  have  characterized  them  while  they  have  been  in  this  command. 
He  feels  that  his  own  labors  have  been  materially  lessened  by  the  entire 
and  ready  conformity  of  the  regiment  to  his  wishes  and  directions.  The 
example  it  has  shown  enforced  here  and  continued  wherever  it  may 
go,  can  not  but  prove  most  beneficial  and  useful  throughout  the  struggle 
in  which  we  are  engaged.  The  General  commanding  would  especially 
express  his  approbation  for  the  entire  absence  of  intemperance,  and, 
commending  the  regiment  to  more  active  scenes,  would  expect  it  to 
maintain  the  character  which  it  has  already  won,  and  to  rely  upon 
Him  who  alone  can  crown  our  arms  with  victory. 

By  order  of 
Brigadier  Gen'l  John  F.  Rathbone,  commanding. 
Charles  E.  Smith, 

Acting  Aid  de  Camp." 

The  final  preparations  had  to  be  made.  All  were  required 
to  discard  all  articles  except  such  as  were  actually  necessary. 


36        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  m.  Packing  Knapsacks.  Oct.  1861 

Even  necessaries  had  to  be  of  a  limited  character,  as  the  per- 
sonal baggage  of  each  had  to  be  encompassed  within  the  limits 
of  a  knapsack  which  was  suspended  by  straps  around  each 
shoulder.  There  was  a  great  diversity  of  opinion  as  to  what 
articles  would  be  most  useful.  Whatever  the  rule  of  selection 
the  knapsacks  were  filled  to  their  utmost  capacity.  Surplus 
baggage  was  shipped  home  or  otherwise  disposed  of  and  hasty 
farewells  sent  to  friends. 


WILLIAM  R.  BOURNE.  AL^JUR  U.  S.  A.,  RETIRED. 

Born  at  Lyons,  New  York,  March  6.  1836;  went  westward  March  6. 
1855,  residing  in  Illinois,  ^linnesota  Ter.,  Missonri  and  Tennessee; 
returning  to  Lyons  at  opening  of  Civil  War,  was  chosen  a  repre- 
sentative of  that  town  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  (People's  Ellsworth)  Regi- 
ment: Enr.  August  20,  1861.  served  continuously  as  Private.  First  Ser- 
geant. Lieutenant  and  Captain,  until  at  Gettyshurg  July  2.  1863,  he  was 
thrice  wounded  in  action,  the  last  bullet  remaining  in  his  hip;  honor- 
ably discharged  for  wounds,  October  9,  1863.  As  Captain  U.  S.  Vet. 
Reserve  Corps  he  was  military  assistant  to  Surgeon  in  charge  Armory 
Square  Hospital.  Washington.  D.  C.  November.  1863  to  September, 
1865  :  then  ordered  to  Wheeling.  West  Va..  in  command  of  three  Com- 
panies of  3d  U.  S.  V.  R.  C.  :  assigned  to  duty  in  the  Ereedman's  Bu- 
reau, he  served  22  months  in  Tennessee  and  Kentucky,  leading  a  tem- 
pestuous and  hazardous  life  among  a  disorderly  element  of  the  popula- 
tion who  acted  upon  the  legend  that  "the  negro  had  no  rights  a  white 
man  need  respect":  then  joined  his  regiment  (42d  L^  S.  Inf.)  serving 
at  Plattsburg.  N.  Y..  Sacketts  Harbor.  N.  Y.  and  Fort  Gibson,  Ind. 
Ter. :  then  in  charge  of  the  Green  Bay,  Wisconsin.  Indian  Agency  until 
retired  from  active  U.  S.  service :  he  was  in  charge  of  the  Relief  Com- 
mittee of  the  State  of  Wisconsin,  distributing  immense  quantities  of 
supplies  to  the  thousands  made  destitute  by  the  terril)le  Peshtigo  Fires, 
Octol)er  9.  1871  :  in  lumber  trade  in  1880  and  following  years  at  Bar- 
ronett  and  Shell  Lake.  Wis. :  engaged  in  banking  at  Shell  Lake,  Wis. 
Brevetted  Major  \5.  S.  Vols,  and  First  Lieutenant.  U.  S.  A. :  a  comrade 
of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  and  a  companion  of  the  Military 
Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion  and  Past  Commander  of  the  Minnesota 
Commandery.     Died,  Oct. — 1910,  at  Shell  Lake.  Wis. 


.     THE  NEW  YOTiK 
I  PUBLIC  LIBRARY 

I  ASTOR,  LENOX 

1  TTLBEN  FOUNDATIONS 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY       37 

[Chap.  IV.  We  leare  Albany.  Oct.  ai,  1861  ] 


CHAPTER  IV. 

GOING  TO   THE   FRONT. 

On  October  21,  1861,  everybody  in  camp  was  astir.  That 
afternoon  the  regiment  was  to  take  a  boat  for  New  York.  Dur- 
ing the  day  much  speculation  was  indulged  in  as  to  what  the 
end  would  be.  Each  member  was  turning  his  back  on  his 
home,  his  chosen  vocation  and  civic  prospects.  Before  him 
was  an  untried  and  unknown  destiny.  He  did  not  stop  to  con- 
sider the  cost  or  sacrifice,  the  fabric  of  the  Republic  was  in 
imminent  peril.  Everything  was  got  in  readiness  and  at  3 
o'clock  the  line  was  formed.  At  this  moment  the  spectacle 
was  one  never  to  be  forgotten.  The  organization  contained 
1061  stalwart  young  men,  attired  in  new  Zouave  uniforms, 
with  new  equipments  and  arms  in  good  condition.  As  the 
broad  gate  to  the  barracks  swung  open  and  the  regiment  filed 
into  the  street  on  its  way  to  the  boat  landing,  thrilled  and 
animated  by  the  soul-stirring  music  of  Schreiber's  superb 
band,  all  were  charmed  by  this  intoxicating  prelude  of  war. 
Escorted  by  the  Albany  Zouave  Cadets,  Capt.  Van  Vechten, 
Company  B,  Capt.  Ainsworth  and  the  Caledonia  Guards,  Capt. 
Dodds,  cheered  and  applauded  during  its  line  of  march  by 
more  than  20,000  people,  an  impression  was  created  that  can 
never  be  erased  from  memory.  The  spontaneity  and  hearti- 
ness of  the  ovation  has  seldom,  if  ever,  been  equalled  in  the 
capital  city  of  the  Empire  State.  Beautiful  bouquets  of  flowers 
were  lavishly  bestowed. 

When  the  regiment  had  reached  a  point  on  State  Street 
opposite  the  residence  of  Hon.  Erastus  Corning,  a  halt  was  or- 
dered to  receive  a  stand  of  regimental  colors  from  Mrs.  Erastus 
Coming.  The  colors  were  of  the  most  costly  materials,  of 
regulation  size  and  elegantly  mounted.  Mayor  Thatcher  in- 
troduced Hon.  Charles  Hughes  who  made  the  following  fitting 
and  eloquent  presentation  address  in  behalf  of  the  generous 
and  patriotic  donor. 


38        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  IV.  Flag  Presentation.  Oct.  ai,  1861] 

"Colonel  Stryker,  you  have  been  requested  to  halt  at  this  point 
to  enable  me  to  present  to  you  and  through  you  to  your  regiment,  in 
the  name  and  in  behalf  of  Mrs.  Erastus  Coming,  this  stand  of  regi- 
mental colors.  Its  patriotic  donor  thus  tenders  not  only  her  individual 
sympathy  and  respect,  but  the  good  will  and  kindly  feeling  of  all  her 
sex  throughout  the  entire  State.  Herself  a  wife  and  mother,  her  gift 
symbolizes  the  deep  interest  which  the  wives  and  mothers  of  New 
York  take  in  the  great  cause  in  which  you  and  your  companions  in 
arms  are  now  about  to  engage. 

"Your  regiment  has  sprung  from  the  homes  and  the  firesides  of 
the  loyal  and  liberty  loving  people  all  over  our  great  commonwealth 
and  bears  a  hero's  name,  and  this  woman  has  the  full  assurance  that 
it  will  be  guarded  as  a  sacred  trust. 

"It  is  no  banner  with  a  strange  device.  It  is  the  National  flag,  and 
bears  emblazoned  on  its  proud  folds  thirty-four  stars,  representing  all 
the  confederated  sovereignties  which  form  our  glorious  Union,  the 
United  States  of  America.  Traitors'  hands  now  seek  to  sever  that 
Union  and  you  have  been  called  to  the  battle  field  to  defend  and  protect 
it. 

"Soldiers,  yours  is  a  noble  mission.  You  go  not  forth  at  the 
behest  of  a  monarch.  No  fanatical  war  cry  arouses  your  passions,  but 
the  tocsin  has  sounded  the  warning  of  danger,  and  the  rebel  guns 
aimed  at  Sumpter  have  like  another  Cadmus  sown  dragon's  teeth  all 
over  our  fair  land,  until  armed  men  have  sprung  up  on  every  hillside 
and  valley  where  dwell  a  patriotic  and  loyal  people. 

"This  banner  is  like  the  one  our  fathers  bore  when  they  won 
our  liberty  and  laid  broad  and  deep  the  foundations  of  our  Government. 
Let  it  remind  you  of  their  struggle,  their  sacrifices  and  their  victories. 
Its  fluttering  folds  will  speak  to  you  of  the  suffering  and  endurance 
of  Washington's  army  at  Valley  Forge,  of  Schuyler's  sacrifices  and 
Gates'  valor  at  Saratoga,  of  the  glorious  victories  of  Monmouth  and 
Trenton  and  with  mute  but  forcible  appeals,  call  you  to  imitate  and 
emulate  them.  Thus  as  it  flaunts  in  the  breeze  your  courage  and 
patriotism  will  be  renewed  and  revived  to  strike  strong  and  willing 
blows  to  sustain  a  Government,  founded  by  patriots  on  the  immortal 
principles  of  right  and  justice. 

"Go  forth  then,  at  your  country's  call  assured  of  our  prayers  that 
the  God  of  hosts  and  the  God  of  battles  may  be  your  buckler  and 
your  shield.  Bear  this  banner  at  the  head  of  your  regiment  to  the 
seat  of  war,  and  there  baptize  it  with  your  blood  if  need  be.  Shun  no 
danger  when  duty  points  the  way.  Defend- it  at  all  hazards  with  your 
lives  for  it  is  also  your  country's  flag,  and  if  any  of  your  files  shall 
live  to  bring  it  back  to  us  with  honor,  torn  and  begrimed  though  it 
may  be,  we  will  scatter  garlands  in  your  path  for  the  living,  weave  cy- 
press wreaths  for  the  tombs  of  your  dead,  and  cover  every  hero's  brow 
with  those  laurels  which  so  well  become  the  brave.  Go  with  our  bless- 
ings and  come  not  back  until  you  come  to  announce  the  Rebellion 
crushed  and  the  traitors  punished.     Then  amid  the  plaudits  of  loving 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        39 

I  Chap.   V.  Response  of  the  Regiment.  Oct.  ai,  1861  ] 

women,  you  may  beat  your  swords  into  plowshares  and  your  spears 
into  pruning  hooks  and  every  man  under  his  vine  and  under  his  fig  tree 
become  the  honored  recipient  of  the  Nation's  gratitude  and  care." 

Mayor  Thatcher  then  took  the  colors  and  handing  them  to 
Colonel  Stryker  said,  "Mrs.  Corning  desires  me  to  say  to  you 
that  this  flag  which  she  now  confides  to  your  protection  is  the 
emblem  of  every  blessing,  political  or  religious,  that  man  can 
enjoy.  She  bids  you  to  preserve  it  from  the  traitor's  touch 
and  to  allow  no  coward  to  trail  it  in  the  dust.  God  speed  you, 
farewell." 

These  loyal  words  conveyed  the  sentiment  of  the  loyal 
women  of  America. 

Colonel  Stryker  replied  with  a  few  appropriate  words  and 
then  turning  to  the  regiment  said: 

"Boys,  shall  that  flag  ever  fall?" 

With  one  acclaim  the  entire  regiment  responded,  "Never!" 

The  response  was  sincere  as  it  was  emphatic.  The  flag  did 
fall,  however,  many  times  when  the  proud  color  bearer  was 
laid  low  by  wounds  or  death.  But  there  never  were  wanting 
brave  hearts  and  strong  hands  again  to  raise  it  aloft.  Bearing 
in  mind  the  noble  words  of  the  donor,  sealed  by  the  clarion 
shouts  of  ten  hundred  loyal  sons  of  the  Empire  State,  there  is 
a  proud  satisfaction  in  recording  that  the  pledge  was  sacredly 
kept,  that  the  beautiful  gift  was  never  polluted  by  the  touch 
of  a  traitor's  hand  nor  trailed  in  the  dust  by  a  coward.  Its 
staff  was  cut  in  twain  and  its  silken  folds  were  pierced  and 
tattered  by  shot  and  shell,  but  it  was  never  lowered  in  disgrace. 
The  flag  will  receive  later  mention  in  this  work.  It  may  be 
proper  in  this  place  to  state,  that  the  regiment  was  indebted 
to  the  Hon.  Erastus  Corning  for  advancing  to  paymaster  Rich- 
ardson the  sum  of  $20,000  in  bills  of  the  Albany  City  Bank, 
in  order  that  the  regiment  might  be  paid  before  leaving  for 
the  front.  This  was  a  timely  and  substantial  accommodation 
which  was  highly  appreciated. 

The  flag  presentation  over,  the  regiment  resumed  its  march 
to  the  steamboat  landing  where  it  embarked  on  the  towboat 
Columbia  and  two  barges  for  New  York.  The  whole  steamboat 
square  was  crowded  with  people.  The  boats  moved  out  amid 
the  roar  of  cannon,  and  the  cheers  and  salutations  of  the  vast 
throng  of  friends  and  spectators  which  were  reciprocated  and 


40        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  IV.  To  N.  Y.  City  by  Boat  Oct.  ai,  1861 

responded  to  by  the  soldiers.  It  was  an  impressive  spectacle, 
and  evinced  a  mutual  devotion  and  sentiment  such  as  language 
fails  to  describe.  Many  were  leaving  their  native  state  and 
bidding  adieu  to  friends  for  the  last  time.  Many  of  these 
who  were  gathered  there  looked,  prayed  and  wondered  what 
was  concealed  behind  the  obscuring  cloud  of  destiny.  As  long 
as  the  shore  line  was  in  view  mutual  salutations  were  exchanged. 
As  the  intervening  distance  increased,  the  thousands  of  spec- 
tators gathered  there  wended  their  way  homeward,  carrying 
with  them  an  object  lesson  of  patriotic  devotion  never  to  be 
erased  from  the  memory.  The  occasion  and  conveniences  on 
board  the  boat  were  not  conducive  to  sleep  and  much  of  the 
night  was  passed  waiting  and  speculating  on  the  hidden  experi- 
ences which  the  coming  day  was  to  unfold.  Viewing  the  rich 
autumnal  scenery  along  the  historical  Hudson  by  moonlight 
tended  somewhat  to  relieve  the  monotony.  Daylight  came  but 
the  general  conditions  remained  unchanged.  The  boats  reached 
New  York  at  lO  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  22d,  and  a  large 
concourse  of  people  had  gathered  on  and  near  the  pier  at  the 
foot  of  Fourteenth  Street,  where  a  cordial  welcome  was  ex- 
tended. After  several  hours  of  delay  the  regiment  fell  in, 
headed  by  Schreiber's  band  and  preceded  by  a  platoon  of  police- 
men, marched  up  Fourteenth  Street  to  Broadway  and  down 
Broadway  in  column  by  company  to  the  City  Hall  Park,  where 
they  occupied  the  barracks  which  had  been  erected  for  volunteer 
regiments  on  their  way  to  Washington. 

The  streets  and  houses  along  the  line  of  march  were  filled 
with  enthusiastic  people  who  cheered,  and  in  various  other 
ways  manifested  their  pleasure  and  approval  of  the  soldierly 
bearing  and  splendid  marching  of  the  regiment.  The  oppor- 
tunity for  a  night  of  rest  was  appreciated  and  improved.  The 
citizens  of  New  York  were  very  complimentary  and  generous 
to  the  regiment.  Some  of  the  officers,  who  had  obtained  meals 
and  spent  the  night  at  the  Astor  House,  when  they  went  to  the 
desk  to  pay  their  bills,  were  told  that  there  was  nothing  for 
them  to  pay  and  were  unable  to  obtain  any  further  information. 
It  is  suspected  that  Hon.  Charles  Hughes,  who  accompanied  the 
regiment  to  New  York,  had  something  to  do  with  this  arrange- 
ment. It  may  have  been  one  of  the  many  generous  acts  of  the 
Ellsworth  Association. 


BRIGADIER  GENERAL  EDWARD  P.  CHAPIN. 

Edward  Payson  Chapin  was  born  August  i6.  1831,  in  the  Village 
of  Waterloo,  Seneca  County,  N.  Y.,  the  youngest  of  six  children  be- 
longing to  Rev.  Ephraim  and  Elizabeth  Chapin.  His  father  was  a 
direct  descendant  of  Deacon  Samuel  Chapin  who  settled  in  Spring- 
field, Mass.,  in  1642.  The  rudiments  of  his  education  were  attained 
in  a  common  village  school,  supplemented  by  a  full  classical  and  Eng- 
lish course  in  the  academy  of  his  native  place.  He  began  the  study 
of  law  in  Waterloo,  afterwards  pursuing  the  study  in  Buffalo  and 
Ballston  Spa,  N.  Y.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  soon  after  he  at- 
tained his  majority.  He  began  and  continued  the  practice  of  law  in 
Buffalo  until  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion.  When  it  was  pro- 
posed to  raise  the  People's  Ellsworth  Regiment  he  raised  a  Company 
to  represent  Erie  County  and  was  unanimously  elected  its  Captain. 
His  Company  was  the  first  Company  organized  in  the  regiment,  was 
designated  Company  A.  and  held  the  right  of  the  line.  At  the  battle 
of  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va.,  on  the  27th  day  of  May,  1862,  he  was  severely 
wounded  and  was  sent  North  as  soon  as  his  condition  would  permit 
of  bis  removal.  On  recovering  from  his  wound,  which  at  first  was 
thought  to  be  fatal,  he  proceeded  in  his  convalescent  state  to  Buffalo 
to  take  charge  of  a  recruiting  office  for  the  Forty-fourth  Regiment. 
While  engaged  in  this  service  he  was  tendered  and  accepted  the  Colo- 
nelcy of  the  ii6th  N.  Y.  Volunteers.  Four  others  of  the  Forty- 
fourth  were  invited  by  him  and  accepted  commissions  in  this  new 
regiment,  viz.,  Capt.  George  M.  Love  to  be  Major,  afterwards  Colonel 
and  Brevet  Brigadier  General ;   Lieut.  John   B.   Weber  to  be   .Adjutant, 

(over) 


BRIGADIER    GENERAL    EDWARD    P.    CH AFIN  —  conthmed 

afterwards  Colonel  89th  U.  S.  C.  infantry ;  Corporal  John  M.  Sizer 
to  be  Captain,  afterwards  Lieut.  Colonel,  and  Sergeant  John  B.  Mason 
to  be  1st  Lieutenant.  The  ii6th  Regiment  was.  therefore,  modeled 
after  the  Forty-fourth  and  by  reason  of  Chapin's  superior  abilities 
it  soon  took  first  rank  for  drill  and  discipline,  and  was  frequently 
commended    for   soldierly   qualities    from    department    headquarters. 

Colonel  Chapin,  so  far  commended  himself  to  his  superior  officers, 
that  he  was  soon  placed  in  command  of  a  brigade.  On  the  27th  day  of 
May.  1863,  just  one  year  after  being  wounded  at  Hanover  C.  H.,  while 
leading  his  brigade  in  the  terrible  charge  over  the  slashing  at  Port 
Hudson,  he  was  struck  by  a  bullet  in  the  face,  which,  crashing  through 
his  brain,  produced  instant  death.  His  remains  were  taken  to  New 
Orleans,  thence  home,  where  he  was  buried  with  all  the  honors  due 
his    rank. 

President  Lincoln  sent  his  father  a  commission,  appointing  Colonel 
Chapin  a  Brigadier  General  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  on  the 
assault  on   Port  Hudson,  dating  it  from  the  day  of  his  death. 

General  Chapin,  as  a  soldier,  possessed  a  peculiar  talent  of  keep- 
ing up  the  line  of  distinction  between  the  different  grades,  so  neces- 
sary to  the  preservation  of  discipline,  without  seeming  to  encroach 
upon  natural  privileges  or  resorting  to  severity  of  measure.  His  look, 
his  manner  and  actions  showed  an  innate  talent  to  command  that  did 
not  require  shoulder  straps  or  insignia  of  rank  to  exact  obedience. 

In  character  and  ability  General  Chapin  reflected  the  highest  credit 
upon  the  Forty-fourth  N.  Y.  as  a  representative  of  that  large  class 
who  received  their  military  training  in  the  old  regiment  and  carried  its 
inspirations  into  other  fields  of  duty. 

His  immediate  commander.  Major  General  Augur,  said  of  him: 
"The  army  could  illy  afiford  to  lose  such  an  officer  or  the  country 
such  a   man." 

Brig.  Gen.  Chapin  was  of  the  best  type  of  the  American  Volun- 
teer officer. 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        41 

Chap.  IV.  Parade  at  New  York  Oct.  22, 1861 

Another  incident  which  will  be  referred  to  hereafter  and 
which  is  worthy  of  note  took  place  while  the  regiment  was 
marching  down  Broadway.  As  he  passed  along  in  the  ranks. 
Private  James  S.  Dougall  of  Company  H  saw  his  uncle  stand- 
ing on  the  walk  near  the  curb,  who  called  to  him.  Private 
Dougall  obtained  an  excuse  and  ran  to  his  uncle  who  thrust  a 
roll  of  bills  into  his  hands  and  when  he  protested  that  he  could 
not  accept  the  gift  his  uncle  replied,  "Keep  it  Jamie,  it  may 
do  you  good."  Private  Dougall  resumed  his  place  in  the  ranks 
and  when  an  opportunity  offered  found  that  the  roll  contained 
$300. 

The  next  day  the  old  arms  which  had  been  received  at  Al- 
bany, were  exchanged  for  bright  new  Springfield  muskets. 
The  exchange  was  most  gratifying.  The  next  morning  after 
the  arrival  of  the  regiment  in  New  York  the  following  notice 
appeared  in  one  of  the  leading  daily  papers : 

"Arrival  and  Reception  of  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York  Regiment. 
The  Ellsworth  Regiment  left  Albany  on  Monday  afternoon,  on 
board  the  steamer  Columbia  with  two  barges  and  arrived  at  the  foot 
of  Fourteenth  Street,  North  River,  at  10  o'clock  yesterday  morning. 
A  large  crowd  of  persons  were  assembled  on  the  pier  and  in  the  vi- 
cinity in  order  to  see  the  regiment  land,  and  when  the  first  man  set 
his  foot  on  the  shore  he  was  greeted  with  cheers  from  the  crowd.  After 
a  delay  of  several  hours  the  men  were  got  in  marching  order  and 
proceeded  up  Fourteenth  Street  to  Broadway  and  down  Broadway  to 
City  Hall  Park  headed  by  a  body  of  policemen  under  Sergeant  Suther- 
land. The  marching  and  appearance  of  the  men  were  perhaps  the  most 
perfect  and  imposing  of  any  volunteer  corps  that  has  left  the  State  of 
New  York  since  the  commencement  of  the  war.  All  the  men  are  tall 
and  well  formed,  with  that  intelligent  look  and  bright  eye  which  be- 
token that  they  understand  and  feel  the  duty  which  is  before  them. 
Their  nimble  step  and  fine  development  of  muscular  points  were  the 
universal  theme  in  every  mouth,  and  as  they  marched  down  Broad- 
way they  were  received  with  highest  enthusiasm  and  welcome.  The 
piazzas,  housetops  and  windows  were  filled  with  ladies  who  cast  down 
their  brightest  smiles  and  wreaths  of  flowers  upon  that  fine  body  of 
young  men  who  were  about  to  face  the  hot  shot  and  cold  steel  to  carry 
out  one  of  the  finest  principles  of  humanity — retribution  for  a  mur- 
derous wrong.  With  their  young  and  gallant  Colonel  at  their  head 
and  their  steady  determined  step,  bearing  testimony  to  the  valorous 
pulsations  they  felt  in  their  hearts,  the  avengers  of  Ellsworth  moved 
down  Broadway  to  the  music  of  the  fine  band  which  accompanies 
them  to  the  war.  The  prayers  and  blessings  of  all  who  beheld  those 
fine  young  fellows,  the  flower  of  our   State,   were   frequently  uttered 


42         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  IV.  Enthusiastic  Greetings.  Oct.  32,  1861] 

and  well  deserved.    Several  bouquets  from  fair  hands  were  cast  among 
the  men  which  they  gallantly  affixed  to  the  ends  of  their  bayonets. 

And  now  that  the  avengers  of  the  dead  Ellsworth  are  en  route 
to  a  place  where  they  will  be  led  by  their  gallant  Colonel  against  the 
traitorous  rebels,  who  were  the  instigators  of  the  murder,  let  the  pray- 
ers of  the  patriotic  ascend  to  the  throne  of  the  God  of  battles,  that 
He  may  shield  the  brave  young  soldiers  from  the  perils  of  carnage. 
The  pang  of  anguish  and  horror  that  convulsed  the  entire  North,  when 
the  chivalrous  Colonel  of  the  New  York  First  Fire  Zouaves  was  shot 
dead  at  Alexandria,  while  tearing  down  the  emblem  of  rebellion,  still 
reverberates  with  double  force  in  the  hearts  of  those  one  thousand  and 
forty  six  men  of  the  Ellsworth  regiment;  and  let  us  consider  that 
though  the  remembrance  of  that  hour  may  have  grown  cold  in  the 
recollection  of  many,  yet  those  men  are  ready  to  sacrifice  their  lives 
to  avenge  that  murder  and  vindicate  the  honor  of  the  Union  cause. 
With  the  battle  cry  of  'Remember  Ellsworth'  they  will  deal  death  to 
their  enemy,  and  he  who  falls  in  the  struggle  will  have  the  consolation, 
as  he  expires,  that  he  has  sacrificed  a  young  life  in  defense  of  his 
country  and  avenging  the  murder  of  a  patriot." 

At  5  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  October  23d,  the  regiment 
formed  in  Hne  on  Broadway,  broke  into  column  by  platoon, 
marched  down  Broadway  and  Cortlandt  Street  to  the  Jersey 
Ferry  where  it  embarked  for  Jersey  City  and  left  on  the  6 
o'clock  train  for  Philadelphia.  The  cars  were  crowded  and  the 
ride  was  slow,  cold  and  tedious.  The  train  did  not  reach  Phila- 
delphia until  3  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  24th.  It  was  an 
unseasonable  hour,  but  the  patriotic  ladies  of  the  City  of  Broth- 
erly Love  had  a  surprise  in  store  in  the  form  of  a  warm,  sub- 
stantial breakfast,  which  was  most  acceptable.  There  was  delay 
in  leaving  Philadelphia  and  delay  on  the  way  to  Baltimore. 
The  reception  accorded  by  the  people  of  Baltimore  was  quite 
different  from  the  reception  received  in  Philadelphia.  On  the 
march  through  the  streets  of  Baltimore  there  were  no  overt, 
hostile  acts,  but  the  language  used  by  spectators  along  the  route 
was  often  uncomplimentary,  discourteous  and  insulting.  The 
S.  N.  Y.  on  the  brasses  of  the  belts  of  the  men,  which  stood  for 
State  of  New  York,  was  interpreted  by  the  bystanders  as  mean- 
ing "snotty  nosed  Yankees."  It  was  thought  by  some  of  the 
officers  that  it  would  be  prudent  to  issue  a  few  rounds  of  am- 
munition before  starting  to  march  through  the  city.  The  change 
of  sentiment  in  passing  from  Albany  to  Baltimore  may  well 
be  illustrated  by  the  change  of  atmosphere  in  passing  from 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        43 

(Chap.  IV.  En  route  to  Washington.  Oct  35,  1861] 

mid-summer  to  mid-winter.  We  crossed  the  Susquehanna 
River  at  Havre  de  Grace  on  the  ferry.  Twelve  cars  were 
taken  across  at  one  time.  From  Havre  de  Grace  to  Washington 
pickets  were  stationed  to  guard  the  railroad  and  a  succession 
of  military  camps  was  observed.  These  things  indicated  that 
a  point  had  been  reached  where  it  was  deemed  necessary  to 
take  precautionary  measures.  Washington  was  reached  during 
the  night  of  October  24th.  There  was  no  one  at  the  station 
to  welcome  us.  If  any  body  was  charged  with  the  duty  of 
giving  information  or  providing  accommodations  for  newly 
arrived  regiments,  he  was  evidently  asleep  or  out  of  the  city. 
We  lunched  at  what  was  known  as  Soldiers'  Rest  and  looked 
around  for  lodgings  in  which  to  sleep.  Good  accommodations 
for  sleeping  appeared  to  be  scarce.  The  platform  to  the  rail- 
road station,  with  the  adjacent  sidewalks,  were  utilized  for  that 
purpose.  It  was  the  first  experience  in  sleeping  out  of  doors. 
Some  lasting  impressions  were  made  both  on  the  body  and 
mind.  As  no  one  was  permitted  to  absent  himself,  the  next 
forenoon  was  spent  in  viewing  the  National  Capitol  from  a 
distance.  Most  members  of  the  regiment  had  never  seen  the 
Capitol.  It  appeared  massive  and  grand.  The  great  men  of  the 
nation  had  been  accustomed  to  meet  there  from  an  early 
period  in  the  life  of  our  nation.  It  was  the  place  where  the 
legislative  and  judicial  branches  of  the  Government  were  ac- 
customed to  meet  in  their  respective  departments  for  delibera- 
tion. It  was  there  that  Hayne  and  Webster  in  matchless  debate 
proclaimed  the  divergent  views  as  to  what  rights  and  powers 
were  given  to  the  general  government,  and  what  rights  and 
powers  were  reserved  to  the  several  states.  Other  statesmen, 
both  before  and  after  them,  had  tried  in  vain  to  find  a  peaceful 
solution  of  that  vexed  question.  Arguments  and  compromises 
had  proved  inadequate.  Contending  armies  were  now  in  the 
field,  and  others  hastening  to  the  field  to  submit  the  final  argu- 
ment. The  buildings  and  grounds  outside  the  capitol  grounds 
appeared  diminutive  and  ordinary.  It  did  not  require  the 
perspective  of  the  Capitol  and  its  spacious  grounds  to  demon- 
strate that  proposition.  Pennsylvania  Avenue,  the  leading 
street  in  the  city,  from  the  Capitol  to  the  Treasury  building, 
with  few  exceptions,  was  lined  with  unimportant  buildings,  and 
the  street  itself  and  the  approaching  streets  appeared  to  be 


44        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  IV.  March  through  Washington.  Oct.  25,  1861] 

sadly  neglected.  In  the  afternoon  of  the  day  of  our  arrival  in 
the  city,  the  regiment  marched  down  Pennsylvania  Avenue  and 
past  the  White  House,  where  President  Lincoln  honored  it  by 
watching  it  pass.  He  remembered  the  regiment  afterwards,  in 
its  decimated  condition  when  he  reviewed  the  army  at  Harri- 
son's Landing. 

The  Tribune's  Washington  dispatch  dated  Friday  says : 

"The  44th  New  York  (Ellsworths)  was  a  wonder  to  us  this  after- 
noon. Hackneyed  as  we  are  in  marching  regiments  nothing  in  the  army 
can  compare  with  it.  It  is  the  finest  body  of  men  ever  enlisted  on  this 
continent.     Its  march  through  the  Avenue  made  a  great  sensation." 

It  was  after  dark  when  the  regiment  reached  Kalorama 
Heights  about  2  miles  north  of  the  city.  Here  new  experiences 
confronted  us.  Tents  were  to  be  pitched  for  the  first  time. 
Darkness  in  a  measure  concealed  the  want  of  skill  and  experi- 
ence in  pitching  them.  Certainly  time  was  not  of  the  essence 
of  this  transaction.  It  is  doubtful  to  this  day  whether  awk- 
wardness or  darkness  contributed  more  to  the  want  of  regu- 
larity which  dayHght  revealed.  Here  also  another  new  ex- 
perience was  installed.  There  were  no  adequate  boarding 
houses  at  hand.  Every  man  had  to  cook  his  own  rations,  eat 
them  without  cooking,  or  to  get  some  one  to  cook  them  for  him. 
Probably  there  were  instances  in  which  all  three  expedients 
were  resorted  to.  In  this  was  illustrated  the  oft  quoted  saying 
"Necessity  is  the  mother  of  invention."  Here  we  remained 
two  days,  resting,  experimenting  and  wondering  what  was  to 
come  next.  The  resting  and  experimenting  were  advantage- 
ous, but  the  wondering  was  unfruitful  and  of  small  account. 

On  October  28th,  after  marching  several  miles,  the  regi- 
ment, with  eleven  other  regiments,  was  reviewed  by  General 
McClellan,  attended  by  his  staff  and  other  prominent  officers. 
It  was  our  first  sight  of  the  General,  who  occupied  so  much 
attention  in  the  early  part  of  the  war.  In  passing  the  review- 
ing stand,  but  little  opportunity  was  afforded  to  see  hira,  and 
much  less  to  judge  of  his  merits.  The  Forty-Fourth  was  given 
the  right  of  the  line  which  is  regarded  the  position  of  honor, 
consequently  was  the  first  regiment  to  pass  the  reviewing  officer. 
The  review  was  a  grand,  fatiguing  affair.  At  this  review  for 
the  first  time  we  came  in  touch  with  other  troops  of  the  army. 
After  the  review  and  late  in  the  afternoon   we  marched  to  Hall's 


FREEMAN    CONNER. 


Born  at  Exeter,  New  Hampshire,  March  2,  1836,  was  educated  in  the  public 
schools  of  his  native  town  and  emigrated  to  Chicago,  111.,  in  1858,  where  his 
military  experience  began  as  a  member  of  the  "Cadets  of  the  60th  Regiment." 
In  1859  he  joined  Ellsworth's  famous  "United  States  Zouave  Cadets,"  and  with 
that  company  made  its  celebrated  tour  of  the  chief  cities  of  the  United  States.  He 
was  a  Captain  in  the  Chicago  Zouave  Regiment  April  22,  i86i.  and  a  ist  Lieu- 
tenant in  the  iith  X.  Y.  \'.  I.  (N.  V.  Fire  Zouaves),  in  which  regiment  he 
fought  at  First  Bull  Run,  July  21,  1861;  resigned  his  commission  and  en- 
listed as  a  private  in  the  44th  X.  Y.  \'.  I.  August  8,  1861;  was  soon  after 
elected  and  commissioned  Captain  of  Company  D.  was  later  promoted  to  Major, 
Lieut. -Colonel  and  Colonel  of  the  regiment.  Was  discharged  with  his  regiment 
October  11,  1864. 

He  took  part  in  the  following  campaigns  and  battles:  Siege  of  Yorktown, 
Hanover  C.  H.,  Gaines  !Mills,  White  Oak  Swamp,  ^lalvern  Hill,  Second  Bull  Run, 
Antietam,  Fredericksburg  (severely  wounded),  Chancellorsville,  L^pperville,  Get- 
tvsburg,  Rappahannock  Sta.,  Wilderness,  Spottsylvania  (severely  wounded),  and 
VVeldon  R.   R. 

After  the  war  he  resided  at  Chicago  where  he  was  Commander  of  George 
H.  Thomas  Post,  G.  A.  R.,  in  1885;  a  Past  President  of  the  Western  Society 
of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  became  a  Companion  of  the  Military  Order  of 
the  Loyal  Legion  of  the  United  States  through  the  Commandery  of  the  State 
of  Illinois  in   1895. 

He  died  suddenly  of  heart  disease  at  Chicago,  111.,  March  28,  1906,  his  residence 
then  being  Valpariso,  Ind.,  where  his  widow  now  resides. 

Faithful    Soldier,    Patriot    and    Friend. 


THr. 

PUBLIC  Ui^R^^'-^ 


3 


'jX  ] 

.TIONSi 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        45 

(Chap.  IV.  In  Camp  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va.  Oct.  38,  1861] 

Hill,  Va.,  crossing  the  Potomac  on  Long  Bridge.  Before  start- 
ing on  this  part  of  the  march,  the  regiment  had  marched  far- 
ther than  on  any  previous  occasion.  In  addition  to  this  the  men 
were  laden  with  well  filled  knapsacks.  At  the  time  it  was  con- 
jectured that  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  waiting  for  us 
to  come  up  before  moving  on  Richmond.  Such,  however  proved 
not  to  be  the  case.  It  afterwards  occurred  that  those  who  knew 
the  lack  of  necessity  for  a  forced  march  and  had  authority  to 
regulate  it,  might  well  have  been  less  precipitate.  On  cross- 
ing Long  Bridge,  which  spans  the  Potomac,  the  sacred  soil  of 
Virginia  was  reached.  It  was  disputed  territory.  Camps  were 
lighted  up  on  either  side  of  the  road  as  we  passed,  and  in  the 
distant  fields,  but  the  soldiers  in  them  paid  very  little  attention 
to  us.  We  kept  on  marching,  wondering  and  getting  tired. 
No  one  could  assign  any  reason  for  it,  no  one  disclosed  what 
and  where  the  end  would  be.  The  rout  step,  arms  at  will,  and 
removal  of  restraint  in  talking,  aflforded  an  opportunity  for  a 
free  expression  of  feeling.  One  who  has  not  had  the  oppor- 
tunity can  not  surmise  the  sharp  criticisms  and  the  quaint 
humor  of  a  tired  and  hungry  army  on  the  march.  While  the 
regiment  had  merely  crossed  the  threshold  of  military  life,  this 
feature  lost  nothing  for  want  of  experience.  Darkness  en- 
veloped the  line  of  march  and  weariness  increased  the  distance 
actually  traveled.  It  was  at  least  8  o'clock  when  a  halt  was 
ordered.  There  was  no  apparent  reason  why  it  was  ordered. 
It  was  in  an  open  field  on  Hall's  Hill,  Virginia.  There  was  no 
apparent  haste  to  explore  the  surrounding  country.  The  visible 
things  around  us  were  the  darkness,  the  country  about  lis  filled 
with  a  confusion  of  camps,  and  the  heavens  filled  with  countless 
stars.  Among  the  invisible  things  were  where  we  were  going 
to  get  supper,  where  we  were  going  to  sleep,  and  what  covered 
the  expanse  of  darkness  beyond.  To  provide  supper  and  sleep- 
ing accommodations  for  ten  hundred  men  was  not  a  small  un- 
dertaking. A  good  Samaritan,  numerous,  generous,  and  hos- 
pitable, embodied  in  the  83d  Pa.  Regiment,  encamped  near  the 
spot  where  we  halted,  came  to  our  relief.  A  simple  generous 
act  often  produces  the  widest  consequences.  They  not  only 
furnished  the  supper,  but  pitched  our  tents  ready  for  sleeping. 
That  act  was  too  highly  appreciated  and  too  lasting  in  its  re- 
sults to  be  overlooked  in  this  connection.    The  field  and  staflf 


46         44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

Chap.  IV.  Hospitality  of  83d  Pa.  Oct.  28,  1861] 

officers  of  the  83d  Pa.  entertained  the  field  and  staff  officers 
of  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.,  and  the  several  companies  of  the 
83d  Pa.  entertained  the  corresponding  companies  of  the  Forty- 
Fourth  N.  Y.  That  evening's  entertainment  and  hospitality 
were  the  beginning  of  an  abiding  friendship  between  the  two 
regiments,  which  was  kept  up  not  only  during  those  memorable 
years  of  war,  but  continued  unabated  in  civil  life.  That  attach- 
ment was  afterwards  sealed  and  tested  by  the  noblest  blood  of 
those  two  distinguished  regiments.  As  those  great  patriotic 
States  from  which  they  came  are  inseparably  united  by  an  in- 
visible contiguous  boundary  line,  so  those  two  noble  regiments 
were  united  by  an  invisible  sacred  purpose  in  defense  of  our 
time  honored  flag.  The  83d  Pa.  was  one  of  the  very  best  regi- 
ments in  the  service. 

Refreshed  by  sleep  all  our  speculations  were  the  next  day 
set  at  rest  as  to  our  status  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  We 
were  located  on  Hall's  Hill,  Va.,  upon  the  same  grounds  where 
the  50th  New  York  had  been  encamped,  and  which  had  been 
detached  a  few  days  before  our  arrival  to  serve  as  a  regiment 
of  engineers.  We  had  been  assigned  to  Brig.  Gen,  Fitz  John 
Porter's  Division  and  Brig,  Gen.  Daniel  Butterfield's  Brigade. 


44  th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        47 

(Chap.  V.  Winter  Camp.  i86i-a] 


CHAPTER  V. 

THE    WINTER   AT    HALL'S    HILL,   VA. 

As  the  Division  was  a  material  part  of  the  army  which 
usually  acted  together  it  is  thought  best  here  to  give  the  different 
brigade  organizations  of  which  it  was  composed. 

FIRST  BRIGADE.  i7th  N.  Y.,  Col.  H.  S.  Lansing. 

Brig.  Gen.,  J.  H.  Martindale.  i6th  Mich.,  Col.  T.  W.  B.  Stockton. 

2d  Maine,  Col.  Charles  N.  Roberts.  83d  Penn.,  Col.  John  W.  McLane. 

13th  N.  Y.,  Col.  John  Marshall.  44th  N.  Y.,  Col.  S.  W.  Stryker. 
i8th  Mass.,  Col.  James  Barnes. 

22d  Mass.,  Col.  Jesse  A.  Gove.  artillery. 

25th  N.  Y.,  Col.  Chas.  A.  Johnson.  Battery    D.,    Fifth   U.    S.    Capt. 

Charles    Griffin. 

SECOND  BRIGADE.  Battery  C,   Mass.,   Capt.   A.   P. 

Brig.  Gen.,  George  Morell.  Martin. 

14th  N.  Y.,  Col.  James  McQuade.  Battery  C,  R.  I.,  Capt.   W.  B. 

9th  Mass.,  Col.  Thomas  Cass.  Weeden. 

4th  Mich.,  Col.  D.  A.  Woodbury.  Battery  E.,  Mass.,  Capt.  George  D. 

62d  Penn.,  Col.  S.  W.  Black.  Allen. 

THIRD   BRIGADE.  CAVALRY. 

Brig.  Gen.,  Daniel  Butterfield.  ^^  P^""-  C^^'  ^°^-  ^^  ^^  ^verill. 

I2th  New  York,  Col.  H.  A.  Weeks. 

The  total  of  these  organizations  numbered  about  fifteen 
thousand.  At  that  time,  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  organ- 
ized into  divisions  of  three  or  more  brigades  each,  with  a  com- 
plement of  cavalry  and  artillery  attached.  The  entire  army 
was  encamped  by  divisions  on  the  south  side  of  the  Potomac 
River  in  front  of  the  defenses  of  Washington,  with  the  right 
resting  on  the  Potomac  at  Chain  Bridge  and  the  left  at  a  point 
on  the  same  river  below  Alexandria,  except  that  McCall's  di- 
vision on  the  right  and  Hooker's  division  on  the  left,  occupied 
positions  North  of  the  river. 

The  Forty-Fourth  was  given  only  two  days  to  regulate 
camp  after  joining  the  brigade.  There  were  ten  companies  and 
each  company  had  what  was  known  as  a  company  street.  The 
tents  of  the  men  were  placed  on  a  line  facing  inward  on  both 


48        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  V.  Joined  Butterfield's  Brigade  Oct.  28,  1861 } 

sides  of  the  street.  The  tents  of  the  Hne  officers  were  arranged 
at  the  head  of  the  streets  of  their  respective  companies  on  a 
line  at  right  angles  with  the  company  street.  The  tents  of 
the  field  and  staff  officers  were  on  a  line  to  the  rear  of  the  tents 
of  the  line  officers.  On  the  opposite  side  of  the  camp  from 
the  officers'  quarters  were  spacious  drill  grounds.  As  winter 
approached  tents  were  raised  on  logs  and  banked  up  with 
earth.  Nearly  all  tents  were  supplied  with  floors  made  of  boards 
or  spHt  logs.  Our  first  camp  in  the  field  was  called  Camp  But- 
terfield,  having  been  named  after  our  Brigade  Commander. 
General  Butterfield  was  a  distinguished  looking  officer,  a  splen- 
did horseman  and  strict  discipUnarian.  He  gave  careful,  con- 
siderate attention  to  the  welfare  of  all  in  his  command  and 
exacted  strict  obedience  to  orders  and  army  regulations.  He 
established  a  school  for  line  officers  and  set  apart  stated  times 
in  which  he  personally  examined  them.  The  first  meeting  of 
the  kind,  held  for  the  officers  of  the  Forty-Fourth,  was  in  a 
large  tent  at  Brigade  headquarters.  Everybody  was  in  his  place 
promptly.  An  air  of  military  propriety  seemed  to  pervade  the 
place  and  the  occasion.  The  engagement  soon  opened.  The 
General  said  to  some  one:  "You  may  give  the  position  of  a 
soldier."  The  position  of  a  soldier  was  one  of  the  first  things 
to  be  taught.  As  the  officer  first  designated  went  on,  he  was  in- 
formed that  he  was  not  correct  and  another  officer  was  desig- 
nated to  proceed.  Number  2  soon  failed.  Then  in  succession 
several  others  were  tried  and  with  no  better  results.  The  Gen- 
eral then  asked :  "Is  there  a  single  officer  present  who  can  give 
the  correct  position  of  a  soldier?"  No  one  volunteered  to  try. 
The  General  said  that  he  was  surprised  that  we  were  daily 
drilling  our  men  and  had  failed  on  one  of  the  first  important 
lessons.  Like  Napoleon  in  his  Moscow  campaign  we  had  been 
overcome  by  the  elements.  There  was  no  failure  at  the  next 
meeting.  It  was  a  simple  lesson  but  never  forgotten.  Not 
only  was  the  correct  position  of  a  soldier  learned,  but  also  the 
more  important  lesson  that  the  military  instructor  must  be  exact. 
The  above  incident  also  gave  us  a  better  insight  into  the  char- 
acter of  our  Brigade  Commander.  General  Butterfield  was  a 
brave,  accomplished  officer  and  one  of  the  ablest  Brigade  Com- 
manders in  the  army.  In  the  outset  he  was  thought  by  some 
to  be  unnecessarily  strict,  but  the  sequel  proved  he  was  only 


CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  N.  BANKS. 

Captain  W.  N.  Danks'  first  military  service  was  with  the  United 
States  Zouave  Cadets,  Colonel  Elmer  E.  Ellsworth  Commandant,  in 
1859,  and  was  one  of  that  Company  when  it  made  its  memorable  trip 
through  the  Eastern  States  in  i860;  afterwards  commanded  and  drilled 
a  Company  in  Chicago  called  the  "Scammon  Light  Infantry."  until 
War  was  declared  when  he  was  enrolled  and  commissioned  2d.  Lieut. 
Co.  ''C"  Chicago  Zouave  Regt.,  but  was  not  mustered  in. 

On  Sept.  20th.  1861  he  was  commissioned  Captain  Co.  'H'  44th 
N.  Y.  V.  Infantry,  and  served  with  that  Company  until  the  muster  out 
of  the  Regt.,  Oct'.  11,  1864.  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 


r-~ 


iwiKY 


44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        49 

[Chap.  V.  Camp  Butterfleld.  N07.  1861] 

laying  a  proper  foundation  for  the  severer  duties  that  were  to 
follow.  It  was  thought  by  many,  that  it  was  an  unfortunate 
circumstance  that  later  in  the  war  he  was  obliged  to  become 
separated  from  the  Fifth  Corps. 

Col.  Auchmuty  quite  clearly  described  the  experience  at 
this  time  in  the  following  language :  "Great,  indeed,  seemed 
the  change  from  home  to  army  life.  There  was  the  absence  of 
much  that  had  been  looked  upon  as  indispensable  to  comfort, 
almost  to  existence;  there  was  the  surrender  of  personal  lib- 
erty ;  and  the  constant  receiving  of  orders  without  a  wherefore 
or  a  please.  There  was  a  deference  to  be  shown  to  rank  regard- 
less of  the  age  or  estimate  in  which  one  might  hold  the  bearer 
of  a  higher  designation.  A  full  measure  of  regard  could  easily 
be  accorded  to  one's  immediate  commander,  but  it  was  some 
times  trying  at  Hall's  Hill  to  treat  four  Generals  as  if  they  were 
a  superior  order  of  beings,  who  were  to  be  listened  to,  but 
not  argued  with.  Those  who  volunteered  on  Lincoln's  first 
call  for  men  to  serve  three  years  or  the  war,  brought  to  the  front 
an  eagerness  and  enthusiasm  which  could  hardly  be  expected  to 
last,  or  to  be  felt  so  strongly  by  those  who  came  on  later  calls. 
They  were  citizen  soldiers,  intelligent  enough  to  submit  to 
necessary  discipline,  or  even  rules  and  orders,  the  need  of 
which  they  could  not  understand,  but  reserving  the  right  to 
criticise  what  was  done  and  express  opinions  on  the  conduct 
of  the  war.  They  were — particularly  the  privates — mostly 
young  men.  If  necessary  restraint  seemed  at  times  hard  to  staff 
officers,  who  were  not  usually  regarded  as  suffering  from  con- 
finement, still  more  hard  was  it  for  the  privates  who  were 
always  under  surveillance.  Indeed,  the  self-effacement  for 
their  country's  good,  which  was  cheerfully  rendered  by  many 
thousands  of  men  heretofore  accustomed  to  do  as  they  pleased, 
seemed  pathetic." 

When  the  first  of  November  came  the  regiment  was  fairly 
installed  in  the  field  in  a  military  camp.  As  has  been  said  it 
was  named  Camp  Butterfield,  and  its  location  was  known  as 
Hall's  Hill,  Va.  Orders  were  issued  laying  down  an  exact 
routine  for  each  day.  The  operations  under  these  orders  were 
about  as  regular  as  the  rising  and  setting  of  the  sun.  The 
daily  routine  was  as  follows :  Reveille  at  6 130  A.  M. ;  breakfast 
at  7.     Squad  drill  and  company  drill  from  7:30  to  9  o'clock. 


50        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  V.  Duty  and  Discipline.  Nov.  1861] 

Battalion  drill  from  lo  o'clock  to  1 1 :30.  Dinner  at  12  M.  Brig- 
ade drill  from  2  o'clock  P.  M.  to  5  o'clock.  Retreat  and  dress 
parade  at  5  o'clock.  Supper  at  6  o'clock.  Tattoo  at  9  o'clock 
and  taps  at  9 :30. 

There  were  also  held  weekly  and  monthly  inspections  in 
which  a  critical  examination  was  had  of  everybody  and  every- 
thing in  and  about  the  camp.  The  arms,  the  tents,  the  clothing, 
and  camp  were  required  to  be  kept  scrupulously  clean.  Guard 
mounting  was  held  daily  at  9  o'clock  A.  M.  This  consisted 
of  a  detail  of  men  being  sent  from  each  company  to  report  to 
the  Adjutant  on  the  parade  ground,  where  the  prescribed  cere- 
mony of  guard  mounting  was  performed.  Under  the  efficient 
and  soldierly  Adjutant  Knox  no  part  was  slighted.  The  camp 
guard  were  carefully  instructed  in  their  duties.  The  camp 
guard  not  on  posts  were  to  turn  out  on  the  approach  of  a 
general  officer,  the  sentinels  on  posts  were  to  patrol  their  re- 
spective beats,  salute  their  superior  officers  and  properly  de- 
mand and  receive  the  countersign  from  any  person  passing  at 
night.  This  last  requirement  was  of  the  utmost  importance. 
It  operated  as  a  check  on  spies  and  disorderly  persons  passing 
in  and  out  of  the  camp  at  night.  It  therefore  became  important 
that  sentinels  encircling  the  camp  should  not  only  understand 
their  duties,  but  also  be  alert  to  know  what  was  transpiring 
about  them.  There  were  innumerable  instances  where  the 
knowledge  and  efficiency  of  the  sentinels  were  put  to  the  test. 
For  instance,  it  would  some  times  occur  that  some  person  would 
approach  a  sentinel  as  a  friend  and  ask  to  look  at  his  musket. 
The  confiding  sentinel  would  pass  over  his  gun  and  when  this 
was  done  it  would  be  made  to  appear  to  him  that  he  had 
become  disarmed,  had  disobeyed  his  instructions,  and  placed 
himself  at  the  mercy  of  his  would-be  friend.  General  Butter- 
field  would  some  times  unexpectedly  appear  and  put  to  a  test 
the  efficiency  of  sentinels  on  duty.  On  one  such  occasion  he 
approached  a  sentinel  at  a  point  at  some  distance  from  the 
guard  house  and  the  following  colloquy  took  place.  As  he 
approached,  the  sentinel  following  his  instructions,  challenged 
him,  saying:  "Halt,  who  comes  there?"  To  which  the  reply 
was  given  "General  Butterfield."  The  sentinel  said:  "Approach 
and  give  the  countersign."  The  General  said :  "But  I  am  Gen- 
eral Butterfield  and  wish  to  pass  in  on  business  with  Col.  Stry- 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        51 

[Chap.  V.  The  Sentinel's  Duty.  Nov.  x86i] 

ker."  The  sentinel  bringing  his  musket  to  a  proper  position 
to  enforce  obedience,  said :  "It  don't  make  any  difference  if 
you  are  Jesus  Christ,  you  can't  pass  this  post  without  approach- 
ing and  giving  the  countersign."  It  is  hardly  necessary  to  add 
that  the  General  did  not  think  it  prudent  longer  to  parley  with 
the  sentinel,  and  afterward  commended  the  sentinel  for  his 
firmness  in  performing  his  duty. 

During  the  first  winter  there  was  inaugurated  a  method  of 
calling  off,  in  succession,  the  hours  of  the  night.  Starting  at 
the  guard  house  the  sentinels  encircling  the  camp  were  num- 
bered from  one  upwards.  At  the  beginning  of  the  hour  the 
sentinel  on  Post  i,  would  announce  in  a  loud  voice  "Post  No.  i, 
9  o'clock  and  all  is  well."  This  would  be  taken  up  in  succession 
by  the  other  sentinels,  each  starting  by  announcing  the  number 
of  his  post  until  the  announcement  of  the  hour  had  gone  the 
entire  circuit  of  the  camp.  In  a  similar  manner  the  hours  of 
the  entire  night  would  be  told  off.  It  is  not  known  how  this 
custom  originated.  There  was  no  known  authority  for  it  in 
army  tactics  or  army  regulations.  Perhaps  it  had  its  origin 
in  that  poetic  sentiment,  "Watchman,  what  of  the  night?"  In 
any  event  it  was  not  practiced  after  leaving  Hall's  Hill.  More 
or  less  time  was  spent  in  drilling  in  bayonet  exercise,  target 
practice  and  skirmish  drill.  These  were  all  quite  essential  in 
actual  warfare.  In  target  practice  the  distance  from  the  target 
varied  from  one  hundred  yards  up  to  one  thousand  yards.  The 
Springfield  rifle,  with  which  the  regiment  was  armed,  was  not 
considered  reliable  for  a  distance  above  five  hundred  yards. 
Neither  was  it  in  all  cases  considered  harmless  at  the  rear  end 
of  the  gun.  Occasionally  the  officers  were  invited  to  brigade 
headquarters  to  practice  in  estimating  distances.  This,  too,  was 
a  matter  of  much  practical  importance.  In  order  to  make  the 
firing  effective  it  was  essential  to  know  the  distance  to  the  object 
fired  at. 

Every  few  days  the  regiment  was  called  upon  for  a  detail 
to  go  on  picket.  The  picket  line  was  4  or  5  miles  out.  Each 
detail  took  3  days'  rations  and  remained  out  3  days.  This  line 
was  far  enough  from  the  main  body  of  the  army  so  that  in 
case  of  attack  the  army  could  be  aroused  and  line  of  battle 
formed.  In  this  service  the  utmost  vigilance  was  required.  The 
enemy  would  sometimes  inspect  our  picket  line,  but  generally 


52         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  V.  Picket  Duty.  Nov.  1861J 

at  a  safe  distance  or  from  a  sheltered  position.  At  other  times 
a  show  of  force  would  appear  and  manifest  a  disposition  to 
attack.  While  it  was  necessary  for  the  sentry  to  be  on  the 
alert  during  the  day,  it  was  imperative  that  he  should  be  ex- 
tremely vigilant  during  the  night.  Mischief  concocted  in  the 
day  time  was  often  best  carried  out  under  the  cover  of  dark- 
ness. 

During  the  first  winter  a  new  system  of  patrolling  the  picket 
line  was  inaugurated.  The  plan  was  for  sentinels  on  adjoin- 
ing beats  to  meet,  then  face  about  and  patrol  in  the  opposite 
direction  until  they  should  meet  the  sentinels  on  the  posts 
next  to  them,  when  they  would  again  face  about  and  patrol 
their  respective  beats  until  they  should  meet  again.  This  plan 
enabled  a  sentinel  at  an  extreme  point  on  a  picket  line  to  send 
a  message  or  convey  information  along  the  line  until  it  should 
reach  the  picket  reserve.  On  one  occasion  Capt.  Root  of  the 
1 2th  New  York,  an  excellent  officer,  had  occasion  one  dark 
night  to  visit  a  distant  point  on  the  line.  He  decided  to  test 
this  new  system  and  send  a  report  to  the  headquarters  of  the 
picket  reserve.  The  darkness  and  his  solitary  situation  seemed 
to  awaken  his  poetic  fancy  and  he  dispatched  the  following 
report : 

"The  sentry  walks  his  lonely  rounds, 

On  these  accursed  rebel  grounds. 
And  if  a  traitor  shows  his  head, 

We'll  catch  the  cuss  or  shoot  him  dead." 

The  message  reached  its  destination  safely,  and  thereafter 
the  system  was  regarded  as  certain  as  our  present  wireless 
telegraphy.  For  some  unknown  cause,  however,  this  new  sys- 
tem did  not  survive  the  first  winter. 

In  the  latter  part  of  November  our  picket  was  about  5  miles 
from  camp,  near  Falls  Church.  One  morning  while  a  detail 
from  the  Forty-Fourth  was  on  picket,  a  squadron  of  cavalry 
went  outside  the  line  toward  Hunter's  Mills  to  reconnoiter. 
About  noon  they  came  galloping  back  in  much  confusion,  shout- 
ing, "Turn  out  the  guard,  the  rebels  are  coming."  Some  of  the 
men  were  without  hats,  sabres  or  carbines,  and  some  of  the 
horses  were  without  riders.  The  guard  reserve  was  quickly 
drawn  up  across   the   road,   and  a  messenger  dispatched  to 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        53 

[Chap.  V.  Picket  Attacked.  Kor.  i86z] 

brigade  headquarters.  It  was  afterward  ascertained  that  the 
cavalry  had  been  attacked  in  front  and  rear,  while  passing 
through  a  narrow  defile  in  the  woods,  which  caused  the  con- 
fusion. The  loss  was  about  twenty-nine  in  killed,  wounded 
and  missing.  The  whole  brigade  came  to  the  support  of  the 
picket  line,  but  the  enemy  did  not  follow  up  his  advantage. 
The  brigade  was  soon  ordered  back  to  camp,  and  General  But- 
terfield,  after  inspecting  the  guard,  gave  orders  to  fire  on  any 
one  seen  outside  our  lines.  It  is  doubtful  if  the  Forty-Fourth 
pickets  were  ever  more  alert  than  they  were  the  following  night. 
They  spoke  in  whispers  and  every  noise  or  rustle  of  leaves  was 
suspected  to  be  the  approach  of  the  enemy.  Early  the  next 
morning  firing  occurred  on  the  left  of  the  picket  line  and 
soon  after  two  prisoners  were  brought  in  to  the  officer  com- 
manding the  picket  reserve.  They  were  an  old  man  totally  deaf 
and  a  boy  who  had  been  watering  stock.  The  boy  was  con- 
siderably frightened  and  the  old  man  was  very  indignant.  He 
claimed  that  he  was  a  good  Union  man,  that  he  would  report 
the  affair  to  General  McClellan  and  have  the  whole  picket  guard 
court  martialed.  The  threat  did  not  materialize,  but  the  order 
to  fire  on  everybody  outside  the  line  was  modified.  This  was 
the  first  affair  having  a  tinge  of  war  in  which  the  regiment  had 
participated. 

Occasionally  civilian  visitors  came  to  our  camp.  All  who 
came  were  required  to  procure  passes.  This  was  necessary  to 
guard  against  spies  and  sympathizers  with  the  Confederate 
cause.  Not  all  the  people  living  in  the  North  were  in  sympathy 
with  those  who  sought  to  preserve  the  Union.  There  were 
conspirators  in  the  North  as  well  as  in  the  South  planning  to 
overthrow  the  Government.  Those  conspirators  became  formi- 
dable and  dangerous.  They  sought  to  scatter  pestilence  among 
the  people,  burn  cities,  hinder  and  embarrass  the  Government. 
They  sought  to  awaken  distrust  and  discouragement  in  the 
army.  The  danger  was  more  real  because  it  lurked  in  conceal- 
ment within  our  own  borders.  Open  enmity  was  honorable 
in  comparison. 

Among  the  visitors  was  Secretary  of  State  Seward,  who 
came  at  different  times  to  visit  his  nephew,  a  private  in  one 
of  our  companies.  Other  distinguished  men  from  Washing- 
ton also  came.     One  day  there  came  a  delegation  of  warriors 


54        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  V.  The  Brigade  Bugle  Call.  Nov.  1861] 

from  the  Creek  Nation  to  see  what  was  left  of  the  United 
States.  They  had  been  led  to  believe  that  the  United  States 
Government  was  fast  becoming  extinct.  They  manifested 
much  pleasure  on  witnessing  the  soldiers  drill  and  observing 
the  extent  of  the  army. 

General  Butterfield  formulated  a  bugle  call  which  was  dis- 
tinctive and  quite  unique.  It  was  expressed  in  the  following 
characters : 


n  '^ 

40 

^        I 

V  " 

0 

^ 

/>v     4            ^      ^ 

^ 

^^    I     J      1 

The  brigade  bugler  was  directed  to  sound  it  when  the  Gen- 
eral commanding  the  brigade  wished  to  get  the  attention  of 
the  different  regiments.  It  was  sounded  many  times  during  the 
day  while  in  camp,  on  the  march  or  in  battle.  Its  clear  piercing 
notes  were  always  authoritative  and  called  for  prompt  response. 
It  created  different  impressions  under  different  conditions.  The 
words  accustomed  to  be  set  to  those  notes  were:  "Dan-  Dan- 
Dan-  But-ter-field,  But-ter-field."  Some  times  when  sounded 
at  an  unseasonable  hour,  in  inclement  weather  or  in  trying 
times,  the  men  would  pronounce  it  as  though  the  last  letter  in 
Dan  were  spelled  with  an  m.  No  matter  what  impressions 
were  created  or  what  were  the  conditions,  that  bugle  sound 
spoke  with  authority,  and  called  for  prompt  obedience.  That 
bugle  call  has  long  since  ceased  to  sound.  The  gallant,  enter- 
prising General  who  formulated  it  many  years  ago,  joined  the 
majority  on  the  other  side,  but  still  its  clarion  notes  linger  in 
the  memory  awakening  a  variety  of  emotions. 

The  monotony  of  the  daily  routine  of  camp  life  was  occa- 
sionally relieved  by  sham  battles  and  reviews.  The  sham  battle 
had  but  little  in  it  except  noise  by  which  it  could  be  compared 
to  an  actual  engagement.  It  was  more  like  a  holiday  sport 
or  harmless  recreation.  It  lacked  the  intense  earnestness  and 
tragic  consequences  of  a  real  battle.  Reviews  brought  together 
different  commands  and  enabled  the  Commanding  General,  or 
reviewing  officer,  to  compare  the  appearance  and  military  de- 
portment of  one  command  with  another. 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        55 

[Chap.  V.  A  Grand  Review.  Nov.  ao,  1861] 

On  the  20th  day  of  November  a  grand  review  of  the  whole 
army  was  held  at  Bailey's  Cross  Roads  by  General  McClellan 
and  staff.  President  Lincoln,  Secretary  of  State  Seward,  Sec- 
retary of  War  Cameron  and  other  distinguished  persons  were 
present.  There  were  70,000  troops  in  review,  representing  all 
arms  of  the  service. 

It  was  a  grand  affair,  and  probably  the  largest  of  its  kind 
ever  witnessed  in  America.  General  McClellan  commended 
General  Porter's  entire  Division  for  its  fine  military  appear- 
ance and  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York  for  marching  in  review 
with  more  steadiness  and  precision  than  any  other  regiment. 
This  review  was  the  first  occasion  after  General  McClellan 
succeeded  to  the  command  when  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was 
all  assembled  on  the  same  field.  It  was  an  imposing  ceremony 
and  afforded  an  opportunity  to  observe  the  magnitude  of  a 
large  army  when  marshalled  in  one  body.  When  returning 
from  the  review  the  regiment  passed  Professor  Lowe  with  his 
war  balloon  which  was  seen  several  times  afterward  in  the 
fore  part  of  the  war. 

One  day  while  encamped  at  Hall's  Hill,  General  McClel- 
lan, who  had  witnessed  our  dress  parade,  said  something  to 
Col.  Stryker  and  rode  away.  When  company  commanders 
marched  to  the  front  to  report,  the  Colonel  said :  "Gentlemen, 
I  have  some  good  news  for  you.  The  Commanding  General 
says  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York  is  the  best  drilled  regiment 
in  the  army."  At  another  time  in  February  he  complimented 
the  regiment  for  its  efficiency  in  bayonet  drill  and  for  having 
marched  35  miles  in  one  day  while  on  a  reconnoissance.  Gen- 
eral McClellan  at  that  time  was  very  popular  with  the  army, 
and  made  himself  popular  with  the  regiment  by  these  compli- 
mentary statements. 

General  McClellan  also  complimented  the  83d  Penn.  very 
highly  for  proficiency  in  drill  and  attention  to  duty  generally. 
This  regiment,  on  recommendation  of  General  Porter,  Division 
Commander,  was  presented  with  one  of  the  new  uniforms 
which  had  been  imported  from  France.  The  uniform  and  outfit 
of  necessary  articles  for  the  soldier  were  that  of  the  Chasseur 
de  Vincennes,  and  were  complete  in  every  respect  for  a  thousand 
men.  These  uniforms  of  the  83d  Penn.,  like  the  Zouave  uni- 
forms of  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York,  were  not  practical  for 
use  m  actual  service. 


56         44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

Chap.  V.  Christinas  Day  Festivities.  Dec.  1861  ] 

From  time  to  time  foraging  parties  were  sent  outside  for 
forage  for  the  animals  of  the  army,  under  the  escort  of  a  strong 
guard.  At  this  stage  of  the  war  all  such  forage  was  paid  for. 
On  one  such  occasion  a  suspicious  looking  person  was  discov- 
ered, leaving  a  nearby  dwelling,  and  Corporal  C.  H.  Blair  vol- 
unteered to  capture  him.  Leave  being  given,  by  concealing  his 
movements  and  moving  at  a  rapid  pace,  he  unexpectedly  ap- 
peared in  front  of  said  suspicious  looking  person  and  with  gun 
in  position  demanded  and  received  his  immediate  surrender. 
This  was  the  first  prisoner  of  war  captured  by  the  regiment. 

Christmas  day  in  1861  was  given  up  to  the  enlisted  men. 
They  played  at  ball  in  the  morning  and  in  the  afternoon  or- 
ganized a  burlesque  parade  which  was  very  comical.  All  of  the 
officers  gave  over  their  commands  to  the  men.  Bob  Hitchcock, 
a  member  of  the  band,  whose  avoirdupois  was  about  300  pounds, 
was  duly  promoted  and  mustered  as  Colonel  of  the  parade.  He 
was  dressed  in  a  manner  becoming  his  high  rank.  He  was 
mounted  upon  a  horse  that  surpassed  in  inferiority  the  famous 
Rozinante.  He  rode  with  his  face  turned  toward  the  horse's 
tail  so  that  he  might  at  all  times  watch  his  command.  The 
horse  was  embellished  with  a  pair  of  trousers  on  his  fore  legs, 
and  a  pair  of  drawers  on  his  hind  legs.  The  witty  Charlie 
Kane,  another  member  pf  the  band,  was  duly  commissioned  as 
Adjutant.  The  line  officers  were  selected  with  great  circum- 
spection, due  regard  being  had  for  their  fitness  for  this  special 
occasion.  The  men  were  uniformed  in  most  dissimilar  and 
fantastic  garbs.  As  a  whole  the  rank  and  file  easily  surpassed 
Falstaff  and  his  famous  command.  The  commands  given  and 
the  manner  of  their  execution  were  unprecedented  and  quaint. 
The  tactics  of  Scott,  Hardee  and  Casey  would  be  searched  in 
vain  to  find  precedent  for  those  impromptu  evolutions.  The 
dress  parade  which  followed  was  unique  in  its  dissimilarity 
from  anything  promulgated  in  army  regulations.  No  words 
can  describe  it.  Frank  Leslie's  Illustrated  paper  only  faintly 
depicted  a  short  section  of  it  but  it  lingers  in  the  memory  like 
a  bright  spot  in  that  winter's  experience  of  army  life.  A  court 
martial  was  organized  afterward  and  all  the  line  officers  were 
tried  and  sentenced  to  perform  police  duty,  that  is,  sweep  the 
streets  and  carry  wood  and  water  for  the  company  cooks. 
Those  who  refused  were  taken  to  the  guard  house  and  com- 


RANSFORl)  HARRISON  DENSAIORE. 

Born  in  Warren  County,  N.  Y,  March  22,  1839.  Was  working 
as  a  carpenter  and  joiner  when  he  enHsted  in  Company  E  in  August, 
1861.  Honorably  discharged  on  account  of  wounds.  September  23.  1862. 
Was  wounded  in  the  head  at  the  Battle  of  Hanover  Court  House, 
May  27,  1862,  was  three  weeeks  unconscious  and  sent  back  to  Albany 
Barracks,  where  a  Mrs.  French  interested  herself  in  his  welfare  be- 
cause he  was  a  44th  N.  Y.  V.  boy.  She  nursed  him  back  to  life,  al- 
though at  that  time  he  could  not  give  his  name  or  state  where  he  was 
from.  As  late  as  October.  i86g,  his  wound  was  operated  upon  and 
pieces  of  bone  from  the  skull  and  material  in  the  cavity  of  the  wound 
were  removed. 

Married  Miss  Amy  Jane  Carpenter,  January  4.  1864.  and  has  two 
boys  and  two  girls  to  comfort  him  in  his  old  age.  and  to  perpetuate 
his  memorv  as  a  Union  soldier. 


'     '.l^iL  NEV/  YUkK     I 
[  PUBLIC  LIBRARY  i 


AST»R,  LENOX  i 

TILDEN  FOUNDATIONS  1 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        57 

[Chap.  V.  New  Year's  Day.  1862] 

pelled  to  stand  on  barrels  fifteen  minutes.  The  Surgeon  was 
also  tried  and  sentenced  to  be  punished  for  not  giving  to  the 
sick  the  usual  quantity  of  quinine  and  whisky.  It  was  all  very 
amusing  and  whatever  was  said  or  done  was  treated  with  the 
utmost  good  nature. 

Our  neighbors,  the  83d  Penn.,  made  great  preparation  for 
a  festival  on  New  Year's  Eve,  and  a  few  extracts  from  a 
description  given  by  Capt.  A.  M.  Judson,  in  his  history,  may  be 
interesting  to  recall : 

"The  camp  was  beautifully  trimmed  with  arches  and  gateways 
of  evergreens  and  on  the  night  of  the  festival,  when  lighted  by  Chinese 
lanterns,  presented  a  most  fascinating  appearance.  But  the  grand 
display  was  found  in  the  huge  T  shaped  tent.  One  wing  for  a  dancing 
hall,  floored  and  carpeted  with  canvas,  the  other  with  a  table  set 
and  loaded  with  delicacies.  The  whole  tent  was  properly  decorated 
with  branches  and  sprigs  of  cedar.  Chandeliers  of  bayonets  forming 
sockets  for  as  many  candles,  each  circle  apparently  hoops  of  different 
sizes  and  handsomely  wound  with  tissue  paper.  The  beautiful  flags 
of  the  83d  Penn.  and  Forty-Fourth  New  York  were  joined  in  loving 
embrace,  with  the  other  flags  of  the  Brigade  to  enhance  the  display. 

At  the  supper  were  accommodated  nearly  two  hundred  guests.  The 
band  (Schreibers')  which  furnished  music  for  the  dance  was  that  of 
the  Forty-Fourth  New  York.  The  music  was  superb  as  all  will  be- 
lieve who  knew  the  band.  Such  was  the  scene  of  enchantment  on  the 
night  of  the  New  Year's  festival.  The  weather  was  warm  and  pleasant, 
the  skies  were  clear  and  balmy  and  the  moon  shone  brilliantly.  But 
lo,  what  a  scene  of  havoc  a  few  days  after.  Storms  of  rain,  sleet,  and 
snow,  and  tornadoes  of  wind  passed  over  the  fairy  glen  and  down  came 
the  magnificent  arches,  the  festooned  gateways,  the  rows  of  shade 
trees,  and  the  streets   were  deluged  with  water  and  mud." 

When  the  weather  was  bad  during  the  winter  drills  were 
suspended.  The  guard  and  picket  duty  were  necessarily  con- 
tinued. Night  and  day,  in  sunshine  and  in  storm,  these  duties 
could  not  be  omitted.  They  were  the  safeguards  of  the  camp 
and  the  army.  During  stormy  weather  all,  who  were  not  on 
guard  or  picket  duty,  remained  quite  closely  in  their  tents, 
writing  letters  to  friends,  or  for  publication,  exchanging  anec- 
dotes, playing  at  games,  reading  the  newspapers  and  books, 
planning  campaigns  for  the  army  and  considering  the  welfare 
of  the  nation.  In  fact,  a  military  camp  in  hours  of  idleness 
afforded  an  opportunity  for  the  consideration  of  all  current 
events.  It  is  scarcely  necessary  to  add  that  the  sentiment  of 
the  army  was  in  favor  of  a  vigorous  prosecution  of  the  war. 


58        44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  V.  Drill  and  Recreation.  Jan.  1862] 

Those  who  sought  to  obstruct  and  embarrass  the  Government 
in  preserving  the  Union  found  no  sympathizers  among  the 
soldiers.  During  the  first  winter  there  was  much  speculation 
as  to  what  a  battle  was  like.  Evidences  were  not  wanting  that 
most  of  the  rank  and  file  of  the  army  endeavored  to  anticipate 
what  their  conduct  would  be  under  its  trying  vicissitudes.  Any 
one  without  experience  is  liable  to  have  more  or  less  solicitude 
as  to  what  his  mental  equilibrium  would  be  amid  the  whizzing 
of  bullets,  the  bursting  of  shells  and  the  carnage  of  battle. 
That  is  a  question  that  can  not  be  solved  except  by  actual  ex- 
perience. No  other  avocation  is  like  it ;  no  other  experience 
furnishes  a  parallel.  Along  the  same  line  of  reflection  there 
would  naturally  arise  a  question  as  to  what  qualities  are  neces- 
sary to  constitute  a  brave  and  faithful  soldier.  As  winter  wore 
away  the  army  grew  restless  for  a  forward  movement.  It  had 
become  evident  that  there  was  serious  work  ahead,  and  those 
who  had  undertaken  to  perform  the  work,  in  a  measure,  be- 
came restless  at  the  delay. 

From  time  to  time  rumors  would  spread  through  the  camp 
that  the  army  was  about  to  move.  No  one  could  tell  where 
they  came  from  but  still  such  rumors  would  obtain  more  or 
less  credence.  At  different  times  orders  were  issued  for  the 
army  to  be  held  in  readiness  to  move  at  a  moment's  notice  with 
3  days'  rations  in  haversack.  Time  would  pass  but  no  move- 
ment would  be  made.  Such  an  order,  however,  had  the  effect 
to  break  the  monotony  of  camp  life.  Thus  in  drilling,  perform- 
ing camp  and  picket  duty,  playing  at  games,  reading  books  and 
newspapers,  writing  letters,  many  of  which  formed  valuable 
historic  data,  discussing  military  and  civil  affairs,  and  specu- 
lating as  to  what  the  future  had  in  store  the  first  winter  passed. 

On  the  6th  day  of  February,  1862,  the  reported  total  strength 
of  the  regiment  was  1020  with  only  forty  on  the  sick  list.  Many 
men  were  detached  for  various  clerical  and  other  kinds  of  serv- 
ice. This  was  an  excellent  showing  considering  the  circum- 
stances. 

The  history  of  the  regiment  would  not  be  complete  with- 
out a  reference  to  Sutler  A.  C.  James.  He  kept  for  sale  in  a 
sutler's  tent  in  the  rear  of  the  camp  articles  of  provisions, 
clothing  and  other  things  more  or  less  useful  which  were  not 
supplied  by  the  Quartermaster  or  Commissary  Department. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        59 
[Chap.  V.  The  Sutler.  Feb.  1863] 

Having  a  pass  to  go  to  and  from  Washington,  it  was  quite  a 
convenience  to  send  by  him.  It  is  scarcely  necessary  to  add 
that  commodities  purchased  were  stamped  with  "war  prices." 
It  was  a  matter  of  common  observation  that  those  who  indulged 
least  in  sutler's  cakes  and  dainties  less  frequently  attended  the 
Surgeon's  call. 


6o       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

Chap.  VI.  Preparing  to  Move.  March  9, 1862 


CHAPTER  VI. 

THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC  MOVES. 

On  Sunday  March  9,  1862,  orders  were  received  to  pack, 
ready  to  ship  to  the  rear,  all  surplus  baggage  and  to  be  ready  to 
march  the  next  morning  at  i  o'clock.  Very  soon  after  the  order 
was  received  the  camp  was  in  commotion  preparing  to  move. 
There  was  no  intimation  as  to  our  destination.  It  required  care- 
ful discrimination  to  separate  what  was  necessary  from  what 
was  superfluous.  It  was  a  choice  between  what  was  least  bur- 
densome on  the  march  and  the  most  necessitous  in  the  bivouac. 
One  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  March  lo,  1862,  came.  The  order 
received  the  day  before  had  not  been  countermanded.  Reveille 
sounded  promptly  on  time,  a  hasty  breakfast  was  prepared  and 
the  line  formed.  A  glance  backward  showed  that  Camp  Butter- 
field  presented  a  scene  of  devastation  and  destruction.  Its  well 
regulated  streets  and  cleanly  grounds  had  the  appearance  of 
having  been  crossed  by  a  tornado.  Falls  Church  was  reached 
about  3  o'clock  A.  M.  where  a  halt  was  ordered  and  muskets 
loaded.  The  point  of  apprehension  and  precaution  had  been 
reached.  Fairfax  C.  H.,  which  was  8  miles  from  Falls  Church, 
was  reached  at  9  o'clock  A.  M.  Here  a  halt  was  made  until 
II  o'clock  A.  M.  when  the  regiment  was  designated  to  take  the 
lead  to  Centerville  which  was  7  miles  away.  Just  beyond  the 
reach  of  the  guns  in  the  defensive  works  of  Centerville,  the  line 
was  formed  and  preparations  made  for  an  assault.  On  nearer 
approach  it  was  ascertained  that  the  works  had  been  abandoned. 
It  was  an  agreeable  surprise.  The  regiment  marched  in  about 
3  o'clock  P.  M.,  took  possession  of  the  works,  and  occupied  the 
log  barracks  vacated  by  the  enemy.  The  indications  were  that 
the  enemy  had  very  recently  left,  as  their  camp  fires  were  still 
burning.  Col.  Averill  proceeded  to  Manassas  Junction  with  his 
regiment,  the  3d  Penn.  Cavalry.  Before  leaving  he  said  to 
Col.  Stryker:  "If  you  should  see  a  mounted  orderly  riding  at 
the  top  of  his  speed,  so  frightened  that  he  can  not  tell  his  name, 
fall  in  at  once  and  come  to  my  assistance  as  you  will  under- 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        6i 

[Chap.  VI.  Fairfax  and  Centerville.  March  lo,  1862] 

Stand  that  I  am  in  trouble."  That  contingency  did  not  happen 
and  a  quiet  night  was  passed.  The  distance  from  Camp  But- 
terfield  to  Centerville  was  about  20  miles,  and  an  opportunity 
was  all  that  was  needed  to  insure  a  good  night's  sleep.  The 
enemy's  works  at  Centerville  were  quite  formidable  and  cun- 
ningly mounted  with  wooden  guns.  Centerville  was  about  the 
center  of  the  more  or  less  fortified  line  of  the  enemy  extend- 
ing from  Balls  Bluff  on  the  Potomac  North  of  Washington  to 
the  mouth  of  the  Occoquan  on  the  Potomac  South  of  Washing- 
ton. The  next  day  General  McClellan  and  staff  came  to  Center- 
ville and  proceeded  to  Manassas.  The  regiment  returned  to 
Fairfax  C.  H.,  where  it  rejoined  the  balance  of  the  brigade. 
On  the  I2th  a  dress  parade  was  held,  after  which  a  hollow 
square  was  formed,  at  which  the  announcement  was  made  that 
General  McClellan  paid  the  regiment  a  high  compliment  for  its 
march  to  Centerville.  That  same  evening  General  McClellan 
reviewed  the  regiment  by  moonlight.  The  circumstance  was 
noted  as  it  was  quite  unusual.  We  remained  at  Fairfax  C,  H. 
until  March  15th  when  we  marched  to  Alexandria,  reaching 
that  place  about  4  o'clock  P.  M, 

Toward  the  latter  part  of  the  day's  march  a  heavy  wind  and 
rain  storm  set  in  drenching  everybody's  clothing  and  covering 
the  earth  with  a  sea  of  mud.  Shelter  was  sought  in  the  aban- 
doned barracks  of  the  88th  New  York.  The  weather  continued 
cheerless  and  uncomfortable  until  the  sun  reappeared  on  the 
19th.  Lest  we  should  forget,  a  brigade  drill  was  held  on  the 
19th.  At  2  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  21st  we  marched  to 
the  boat  landing,  embarked  and  anchored  in  the  stream  during 
the  night.  The  river  was  full  of  boats  of  all  descriptions.  It 
was  understood  that  Porter's  entire  Division  had  embarked. 
The  fleet  consisted  of  15  steamers.  At  9  o'clock  on  the  22d, 
anchors  were  weighed  and  a  start  was  made  for  the  new  base 
of  operations  on  the  Peninsula,  It  was  an  imposing  spectacle, 
such  as  is  seldom  witnessed  even  on  the  waters  of  the  historic 
Potomac.  In  passing  Mt.  Vernon  the  bells  tolled  and  all  eyes 
were  turned  toward  the  last  resting  place  of  the  Father  of  our 
Country.  Many  reflections  were  awakened  in  viewing  this 
time  honored  spot.  His  native  State  of  Virginia,  the  mother 
of  Presidents,  was  in  revolt  against  the  flag  he  first  unfurled 
to  the  breeze  and  against  the  Government  that  his  valor  and 


62         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

(Chap.  VI.  Fortress  Monroe.  March  33,  i86a] 

statesmanship  helped  to  establish.  It  would  be  impious  to  in- 
dulge in  the  thought  that  if  he  were  then  living  he  would  have 
abetted  the  cause  of  disunion.  Without  accident  the  tran- 
sports laden  with  troops  about  3  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the 
23d  cast  anchors  under  the  frowning  guns  of  Fortress  Monroe. 
We  there  saw  the  little  Monitor  which  had  given  such  a  good 
and  timely  account  of  itself  in  the  fight  with  the  rebel  Merri- 
mac.  The  next  day  we  landed,  marched  to  Hampton  and  there 
encamped.  The  men  became  quite  hungry  and  there  were  no 
rations  to  be  had.  On  the  25th  the  regiment  struck  camp, 
marched  about  2  or  3  miles  and  encamped  in  the  woods  near 
New  Market  Bridge  on  the  Yorktown  road.  The  hours 
passed,  hunger  increased  and  still  no  signs  of  the  commissary. 
The  forenoon  wore  away  and  the  situation  remained  un- 
changed. One  o'clock  came  and  no  rations  were  in  sight. 
Neither  friendship  nor  money  could  procure  anything  eatable. 
It  was  reported  that  fifty  cents  were  offered  for  a  single  hard 
tack.  That  commodity,  so  common  at  other  times,  was  not 
on  the  market  at  any  price.  It  is  possible  that  soldiers  might 
have  been  found  at  this  juncture,  who  would  have  been  willing 
to  exchange  the  balance  of  their  term  of  enlistment  for  one- 
third  of  a  day's  rations.  At  2  o'clock,  some  might  have  found 
vent  for  their  feelings  in  the  language  of  the  poet,  "I'll  go  to 
my  tent  and  lie  down  in  despair."  ReHef  came  at  3  o'clock. 
Rations  were  issued  and  ordinary  cheerfulness  of  camp  at 
once  resumed  its  sway.  Early  on  the  27th  we  received  orders 
to  march  in  light  marching  order  at  7  o'clock  A.  M.  In  pur- 
suance of  the  order  our  whole  brigade  moved  in  the  direction 
of  Big  Bethel,  the  place  where  our  troops  had  suffered  defeat 
in  June,  1861.  After  proceeding  a  few  miles  a  halt  was 
ordered,  guns  were  loaded,  and  skirmishers  and  flankers 
thrown  out.  These  precautionary  steps  indicated  the  possibil- 
ity of  an  engagement.  On  reaching  a  point  in  the  vicinity  of 
the  enemy's  defensive  works  at  Big  Bethel,  line  of  battle  was 
formed,  bayonets  fixed  and  a  charge  ordered. 

It  was  soon  discovered  that  the  works  were  occupied  only 
by  a  few  cavalry  men  who  fired  their  carbines  and  rode  away. 
This  ended  the  engagement.  After  partaking  of  a  luncheon  in 
and  about  the  enemy's  works,  a  reconnoissance  was  continued 
for  2  or  3  miles  towards  the  Warwick  Road.    Not  finding  any 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        63 

[Chap.  VI.  "On  to  Richmond."  March,  1863] 

enemy  the  brigade  returned  to  camp.  During  the  next  few 
days,  company  and  regimental  drills,  camp  and  picket  duty  oc- 
cupied the  attention.  While  here  considerable  sickness  ap- 
peared in  camp.  This  was  attributed  to  the  low  swampy  con- 
dition of  country. 

It  may  be  proper  at  this  place  to  recall  some  of  the  leading 
events  that  occurred  in  relation  to  the  organization  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac. 

On  the  27th  day  of  July,  1861,  six  days  after  the  disastrous 
battle  of  Bull  Run,  Major  General  George  B.  McClellan  was 
appointed  by  President  Lincoln  to  the  command  of  the  Depart- 
ment of  the  Potomac.  At  the  time  he  assumed  command  he 
claimed  that  there  was  an  apparent  lack  of  order  and  organiza- 
tion ;  that  the  defensive  works  for  the  protection  of  Washing- 
ton were  entirely  inadequate;  that  the  troops  South  of  the 
Potomac  consisted  of  various  independent  commands,  not  well 
posted  nor  in  a  condition  to  cooperate;  that  officers  and  men 
were  absent  from  their  commands,  many  of  whom  were  throng- 
ing the  streets  of  Washington ;  that  the  defenses  of  Washington 
had  to  be  extended  and  strengthened,  order  restored,  brigades 
and  divisions  organized.  On  the  other  hand  it  was  claimed 
that  General  McClellan  magnified  the  unpreparedness  of  the 
army,  and  minimized  the  adequacy  of  the  defensive  works 
about  Washington ;  that  this  was  done  for  effect  and  for  his 
own  aggrandizement.  Arguments  were  not  wanting  favorable 
to  each  position.  It  will  hardly  be  disputed  that  General  Mc- 
Clellan proved  himself  to  be  a  competent  officer  for  drilling, 
equipping  and  preparing  an  army  for  the  field.  On  the  first 
day  of  November,  1861,  General  McClellan  was  called  upon  to 
relieve  the  venerable  old  war  chief,  Lieut.  General  Winfield 
Scott,  whose  memorable  services  and  ripe  years  entitled  him 
to  retirement  from  active  command.  General  McClellan  took 
up  the  important  work  entrusted  to  him.  The  following  win- 
ter was  devoted  to  the  task.  Many  people  became  impatient  at 
the  delay.  The  Government  became  anxious  and  urgent. 
Leading  newspapers  became  exponents  of  that  state  of  feeling 
and  persistently  proclaimed  the  tocsin  of  "On  to  Richmond." 
The  President,  at  two  different  times,  issued  peremptory 
orders  fixing  the  date  when  the  army  should  move.  But  the 
army  did  not  move  and  the  work  of  preparation  went  slowly 


64        44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  VI.  Reorganization  of  A.  O.  P.  March  8,  1862] 

on.  On  the  3d  day  of  February,  1862,  the  plan  for  the  coming 
campaign  was  taken  up  and  considered  by  the  President,  Sec- 
retary of  War  and  General  McClellan.  The  President  was  in 
favor  of  taking  the  direct  overland  route  to  Richmond.  Gen- 
eral McClellan,  who  was  in  command  of  all  the  armies  of  the 
United  States,  favored  the  plan  of  moving  the  main  army  to 
the  Peninsula,  and  then  having  all  of  the  available  troops  in 
Virginia  make  a  combined  movement  against  the  enemy.  The 
plan  of  campaign  was  under  consideration  for  some  time.  On 
the  8th  day  of  March,  1862,  the  President  issued  an  order 
organizing  the  army  about  Washington  into  corps  as  follows: 
First  corps  to  consist  of  four  divisions,  to  be  commanded  by 
Major  General  I.  McDowell.  The  second  corps  to  consist  of 
three  divisions,  to  be  commanded  by  Brig.  General  E.  V.  Sum- 
ner. The  third  corps  to  consist  of  three  divisions  to  be  com- 
manded by  Brig.  General  S.  P.  Heintzelman.  The  fourth 
corps  to  consist  of  three  divisions  to  be  commanded  by  Brig. 
General  E.  D.  Keyes.  On  the  12th  day  of  March,  1862,  Gen- 
eral McClellan  Avas  relieved  of  command  of  all  troops  except 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  On  the  next  day  a  council  of  the 
four  Corps  Commanders  selected  by  the  President,  decided  that 
active  operations  could  be  best  carried  on  from  Old  Point  Com- 
fort, between  the  York  and  James  Rivers.  This  plan  was  not 
approved  but  was  assented  to  by  the  President,  provided  a  suf- 
ficient force  were  left  to  hold  Manassas  and  garrison  the  de- 
fences around  Washington.  Arrangements  were  then  made 
for  moving  in  accordance  with  the  accepted  plans.  On  the 
31st  day  of  March  the  President  made  an  order  taking  Blenk- 
er's  Division  from  the  Second  Corps  and  attached  it  to  the 
command  of  General  Fremont.  On  the  4th  day  of  April  the 
President  made  an  order  creating  the  Department  of  Shenan- 
doah, placing  it  under  the  command  of  General  Fremont  and 
the  Department  of  Rappahannock  placing  it  under  the  command 
of  General  McDowell.  At  the  same  time  General  McClellan 
was  notified  that  the  First  Corps  was  taken  from  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  and  attached  to  the  command  of  General  McDow- 
ell. These  changes  took  place  while  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
was  engaged  moving  against  the  enemy.  This  reduced  the 
strength  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  about  one  third.  Gen- 
eral McClellan  claimed  that  by  reducing  the  strength  of  his 


JAMES  S.  DOUGALL. 

Born  in  1840  on  his  father's  farm  near  Scotch  Bush.  .Montgomery 
Co.,  N.  Y. ;  enhsted  Septemher  15.  1861  in  Company  H.  44th  X.  Y.  ^'•  I ; 
was  constantly  with  the  regiment  until  the  Battle  of  Gaines"  Mills,  Va.. 
June  27,  1862,  when  he  was  captured,  taken  to  Richmond,  and  con- 
lined  in  Libby  and  Belle  Isle  rebel  prisons.  August  8.  1862,  he  was 
exchanged  and  rejoined  his  regiment  at  Harrison's  Landing.  Va.  At 
Second  Bull  Run.  .\ugust  ,30,  1862.  he  was  severely  wounded  and  lost 
his  left  leg  by  amputation  below  the  knee.  Discharged  in  October,  1862, 
he  returned  to  his  home,  and  after  two  years  in  school  became  a  clerk 
in  the  census  office,  at  .Albany,  N.  Y..  and  later  engaged  in  business 
there.  Went  to  iMichigan  in  1867.  and  engaged  in  the  grain  busi- 
ness. In  1890  was  appointed  a  clerk  in  the  Government  service  at 
Washington.  D.  C.  where  he  now  is.  He  was  married  to  Helen 
AIcLean  of  Michigan  in  1875,  has  one  son.  and  now  resides  at  Garrett 
Park.  Md..  a  -uburb  of  Washington,  D.  C. 


,;^  NEW  YORK    I 
PUBLIC  LIBRARY  1 


ASTOR,  LENOX  I 

i  TTLDEN  FOUNDATIONS  <3 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        65 

[Chap.  VI.  Plan  of  Campaign.  April,  1862] 

command  it  became  necessary  to  change  his  plan  of  opera- 
tions, that  his  original  plan  contemplated  that  the  First  Corps 
should  advance  on  the  North  bank  of  the  York  River  at  the 
same  time  that  the  troops  advanced  on  the  South  side.  His  idea 
was  that  the  troops  advancing  on  the  North  side  of  the  river, 
would  take  the  defensive  works  along  the  York  River  in  re- 
verse, and  compel  the  enemy  to  abandon  them.  Then  followed 
the  siege  of  Yorktown.  The  effect  of  what  had  been  done  in 
the  latter  part  of  March  and  the  fore  part  of  April  was  to 
divide  the  forces  operating  between  Washington  and  Rich- 
mond into  three  different  armies  under  three  different  com- 
manders. The  aggressive  force  of  the  armies  thus  divided  was 
materially  lessened. 


66        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vn.  Advance  to  Yorktown.  April  4,  1863] 


CHAPTER  VII. 

THE  ADVANCE  UP  THE  PENINSULA  BEGINS — SIEGE  OF  YORKTOWN 
AND  BATTLE  OF   HANOVER  C.   H. 

Early  on  the  morning  of  April  4th,  all  the  troops  that  had 
then  arrived  commenced  the  advance  up  the  Peninsula.  The 
command  of  General  Keyes  advanced  on  the  road  nearest  the 
James  River,  and  the  command  of  General  Heintzelman  ad- 
vanced on  the  road  nearest  the  York  River.  General  Porter's 
Division,  of  which  the  Forty-Fourth  was  part,  led  the  advance 
of  Heintzelman's  corps.  Big  Bethel  was  reached  about  11 
o'clock.  The  videttes  of  the  enemy  rode  away  at  the  approach 
of  Porter's  skirmishers.  After  taking  lunch,  the  march  was 
resumed.  The  enemy  were  encountered  at  Howard's  Mills,  at 
the  junction  of  the  Yorktown  and  Warwick  C.  H.  roads,  6  miles 
from  Yorktown.  After  some  brisk  shelling,  the  enemy  aban- 
doned their  works  and  retreated.  Our  troops  occupied  the 
abandoned  works  which  were  quite  strong.  The  day  had  been 
pleasant,  a  good  day's  march  had  been  made,  and  a  halt  for  the 
night  was  ordered.  About  8  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  April  5th 
the  advance  was  resumed.  Soon  after  the  start  was  made,  a 
heavy  rain  storm  set  in.  The  roads  became  extremely  muddy, 
rendering  the  march  uncomfortable  for  infantry  and  difficult  for 
artillery.  A  point  about  2  miles  from  the  enemy's  fortifica- 
tions at  Yorktown  was  reached  about  12  o'clock,  noon.  A  halt 
was  ordered,  and  very  soon  instructions  were"  received  that 
knapsacks  were  to  be  left  in  charge  of  a  guard,  line  soon  to  be 
formed,  and  the  enemy's  works  assaulted.  Artillery  soon  be- 
came engaged  with  the  batteries  of  the  enemy  within  their 
works.  The  skirmishers  of  both  armies  became  hotly  engaged. 
The  day  wore  away  but  no  assault  was  made.  In  his  report  the 
Commanding  General  claimed  that  by  reason  of  some  of  the 
troops  being  detached  from  his  command  on  whose  support  he 
had  counted,  it  became  necessary  to  change  his  plan  of 
operations.  It  was  at  this  juncture  that  the  Departments  of 
Shenandoah  and  Rappahannock,  heretofore  referred  to,  were 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        67 

[Chap.  Vn.  Siege  of  Yorktown.  April,  1863] 

created  and  the  ist  Corps  ordered  to  McDowell.  In  any  event, 
the  plan  to  carry  the  enemy's  works  by  assault  was  abandoned 
and  the  siege  of  Yorktown  commenced.  The  siege  was  con- 
ducted under  the  direction  of  skilled  engineers.  Yorktown  is 
an  old  historical  town,  situated  on  the  right  bank  of  the  York 
River.  On  the  opposite  bank  of  the  river  is  Gloucester  Point, 
which  extends  into  the  river,  materially  lessening  its  width. 
Yorktown  and  Gloucester  Point  were  both  strongly  fortified. 
The  fortifications  around  Yorktown  were  especially  strong,  and 
amply  supphed  with  heavy  cannon,  commanding  the  approach 
by  land  and  river.  The  Warwick  River  extending  two-thirds  of 
the  way  across  the  Peninsula,  and  emptying  into  the  James 
River,  and  Wormley's  Creek  with  its  high  irregular  banks 
emptying  into  York  River,  were  utilized  by  the  enemy  in  con- 
structing their  defensive  works.  The  distance  across  the  Penin- 
sula at  this  point  was  about  7  miles.  These  two  natural  bar- 
riers were  of  great  advantage  to  the  enemy  in  defending  their 
line.  Yorktown  is  noted  as  being  the  place  where  Lord  Corn- 
wallis  surrendered  to  General  Washington  on  the  19th  day  of 
October,  1781.  The  works  constructed  at  that  time  were  plainly 
visible.  The  point  where  the  surrender  took  place  was  marked 
by  a  monument.  It  did  not  seem  possible  that  both  armies  could 
gather  inspiration  from  the  historic  memories  that  cluster 
around  this  memorable  field.  The  traditions  of  the  revolution 
lingered  here  awakening  in  all  loyal  breasts  sincerest  hopes  for 
the  future. 

During  the  siege  General  Porter's  Division  occupied  the  ex- 
treme right  of  the  army,  and  General  Porter  was  designated  as 
director  of  the  siege.  Between  the  lines  of  the  respective  armies 
in  front  of  Porter's  Division  was  a  heavy  body  of  woods.  In 
the  beginning  of  the  siege  the  work  was  carried  on  in  the  night, 
by  working  parties  protected  by  a  strong  line  of  pickets  in  ad- 
vance, to  guard  against  surprise.  When  daylight  came  the 
pickets  were  withdrawn  within  the  earthworks.  When  the 
works  became  sufficiently  strong  to  warrant  it,  work  was  con- 
tinued during  the  day  as  well  as  at  night.  It  was  necessary 
at  all  times  to  keep  armed  men  in  the  trenches  to  protect  those 
who  were  working.  The  camp  of  the  regiment  was  about  2 
miles  from  the  enemy's  fortified  works.  It  was  concealed  from 
the  enemy  by  the  body  of  woods  heretofore  referred  to.    The 


68         44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vn.  Siege  of  Yorktown.  April,  1862] 

batteries,  skirmishers  and  sharp  shooters  of  the  two  armies, 
were  almost  constantly  engaged.  The  whistling  of  bullets,  the 
shrieking  and  bursting  of  shells  became  familiar  sounds.  The 
shots  and  shells  of  the  enemy's  batteries  often  struck  in  our 
camp,  causing  many  narrow  escapes.  Considering  the  amount 
of  firing  there  were  but  few  casualties.  On  the  6th  day  of 
April,  James  A.  Claghorn  of  Company  A  and  Harmon  Fisher 
of  Company  G  were  injured  by  the  fall  of  a  staging  used  in 
erecting  a  lookout  at  the  front.  On  the  29th  day  of  April  pri- 
vate Delos  W.  Guernsey  of  Company  H  was  mortally  wounded 
by  a  shell.  He  was  the  first  member  of  the  regiment  killed.  He 
was  given  a  military  funeral  and  was  buried  a  short  distance 
from  camp.  During  the  entire  siege  great  vigilance  and  caution 
were  required.  It  was  a  foretaste  of  experiences  which  were  to 
follow.  From  a  concealed  spot  near  our  camp,  Prof.  Lowe 
made  frequent  ascensions  in  his  balloon  for  the  purpose  of  ob- 
serving the  works  and  camp  of  the  enemy.  The  enemy  showed 
their  dislike  for  this  method  of  reconnoitering  by  making  the 
balloon  a  target  for  their  guns.  On  April  3d  Second  Lieut. 
E.  D.  Spencer  of  Co.  I  resigned,  Sergt.  Major  George  B.  Her- 
enden  was  promoted  to  fill  the  vacancy,  and  Sergeant  John  B. 
Weber  of  Co.  A  was  appointed  Sergeant  Major. 

The  works  of  the  siege  progressed  during  the  entire  month 
of  April  and  into  the  month  of  May.  Much  labor  was  per- 
formed in  erecting  earthworks,  bomb  proofs,  and  in  planting 
batteries.  As  the  end  of  April  approached  our  works  were  well 
advanced  toward  those  of  the  enemy.  As  the  distance  between 
the  lines  grew  less,  greater  vigilance  was  required  of  our  troops, 
and  more  fierce  and  hostile  the  enemy  became.  On  the  3d  day  of 
May  plans  were  nearly  complete  for  a  general  assault  along  the 
whole  line.  About  midnight,  the  enemy  opened  a  furious  can- 
nonade upon  our  works  and  camp,  which  continued  for  2  hours. 
During  the  day  of  Saturday,  May  3d,  orders  were  received  for 
the  regiment  to  go  on  fatigue  and  picket  duty  the  following 
morning.  It  was  necessary  to  reach  the  front  and  make  all  ar- 
rangements under  the  cover  of  darkness.  Long  before  day- 
light on  Sunday  morning.  May  4th,  the  regiment  reached  the 
trenches.  Soon  after  reaching  the  trenches,  Lieut.  Herenden 
and  a  few  of  his  men,  crept  cautiously  out  to  our  picket  line. 
On  reaching  the  picket  line,  they  were  informed  by  the  pickets 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        69 

[Chap.  Vn.  Enemy  Evacuates  Yorktown.  May  3,  1862] 

that  they  suspected  the  picket  line  of  the  enemy  was  abandoned. 
While  it  was  still  dark,  creeping  cautiously  across  the  interven- 
ing space,  it  was  found  that  the  suspicions  of  our  pickets  were 
well  founded,  and  that  the  picket  line  of  the  enemy  had  been 
abandoned.  Cautiously  pursuing  the  investigation  it  was  soon 
learned  that  Yorktown,  itself,  had  been  evacuated.  Lieut. 
Herenden  and  his  small  party  were  among  the  first,  if  not  the 
first,  to  enter  that  Confederate  stronghold.  The  regiment  was 
ordered  to  return,  strike  camp,  march  in  and  garrison  the  town. 
In  General  Porter's  report  the  Forty-Fourth  was  mentioned  as 
"being  continually  in  the  trenches  and  most  faithfully  and 
cheerfully  under  all  the  circumstances,  frequently  most  trying, 
performing  its  laborious  duties  during  the  thirty  days'  siege." 
May  4th  General  McClellan  made  an  order  appointing  General 
Van  Alen  Military  Governor  of  Yorktown,  and  assigning  the 
Forty-Fourth  New  York  to  garrison  it.  The  quietude  of  that 
Sabbath  morning  was  unbroken  by  hostile  cannon.  It  was  a 
marked  change  in  the  situation. 

At  II  o'clock  on  Sunday  morning,  May  4th,  the  regiment 
marched  into  Yorktown,  with  its  bands  playing  and  flags  flying. 
The  field  rendered  famous  by  two  sieges  had  once  more  relaxed 
into  quietude.  The  defensive  works  in  and  about  Yorktown 
were  formidable.  Before  leaving,  the  enemy  planted  torpedoes 
in  various  unexpected  places  in  and  about  the  town.  General 
McClellan,  in  his  report,  says :  "The  rebels  have  been  guilty  of 
the  most  murderous  and  barbarous  conduct  in  placing  torpedoes 
within  the  abandoned  works,  near  wells  and  springs,  magazines, 
etc.  Fortunately  we  have  not  lost  many  men  in  this  manner. 
Some  four  or  five  killed  and  perhaps  a  dozen  wounded.  I  shall 
make  the  prisoners  remove  them  at  their  own  peril." 

Lieut.  Herenden  was  ordered  to  take  a  detail  of  about  25 
men,  go  to  the  rebel  prison  in  Yorktown,  get  25  able  bodied 
prisoners,  take  them  outside  the  works,  and  compel  them  to 
dig  up  the  torpedoes  planted  there.  They  were  somewhat  reluc- 
tant and  did  not  work  with  much  zeal.  In  this  manner  about  50 
torpedoes  were  exhumed  without  accident.  At  the  same  time 
another  Lieutenant  was  ordered  to  take  a  detail  of  men,  take 
charge  of  about  one-half  dozen  rebel  prisoners,  go  through  and 
ascertain  if  there  were  any  torpedoes  placed  by  the  enemy  in 
their  powder  magazines,  before  leaving.     The  prisoners  pro- 


70         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vn.  Garrison  Yorktown.  May  4,  1862] 

tested  against  this  "unreasonable"  service.  Their  protests  were 
of  no  avail.  They  were  assured  if  there  were  no  torpedoes 
planted  therein  they  would  not  be  harmed,  and,  even  if  there 
were,  they  would  have  the  satisfaction  of  being  blown  up  with 
Union  soldiers.  A  magazine  lantern  was  found,  the  search  was 
made,  but  no  torpedoes  were  discovered.  Those  shells  found 
by  Lieut.  Herenden  were  ingeniously  constructed,  with  per- 
cussion caps  inserted  in  such  a  manner  as  to  ignite  the  powder 
and  explode  the  shells.  It  was  a  disagreeable,  dangerous  serv- 
ice, but  fortunately  no  accident  occurred. 

Companies  D  and  H  were  ordered  across  the  York  River 
to  garrison  Gloucester  Point.  It  was  reported  that  some  Con- 
federate cavalry  were  seen  in  that  vicinity.  Capt.  Connor  was 
ordered  to  take  a  hundred  men  and  investigate  the  report.  He 
marched  into  the  country  about  6  or  8  miles,  having  a  colored 
man  as  a  guide  and  returned  without  discovering  the  enemy. 

Colored  people  for  miles  around  flocked  to  Yorktown  as 
soon  as  occupied  by  our  troops.  They  had  bidden  a  final  fare- 
well to  slavery.  The  old  and  young,  male  and  female,  came  in, 
bringing  all  their  earthly  possessions.  Their  earthly  possessions 
were  quite  limited  and  consisted  only  of  wearing  apparel,  which 
was  also  quite  limited  in  quantity  and  quality.  Their  joy  was 
unbounded.  They  strove  in  many  ways  to  show  their  satisfac- 
tion and  gratitude.  They  were  extremely  happy  and  hopeful. 
It  became  necessary  to  feed  and  shelter  them.  With  them  the 
day  of  jubilee  had  certainly  come.  They  sang,  they  danced, 
they  prayed.  They  were  willing  to  work,  and  readily  engaged 
in  putting  the  town  in  a  cleanly  and  wholesome  condition.  Their 
unrequited  toil  had  ceased,  the  dawn  of  a  new  life  had  come 
No  person  who  witnessed  that  scene  can  forget  it,  no  pen  can 
describe  it. 

On  evacuating  Yorktown  the  enemy  retreated  to  Williams- 
burg, where  an  important  battle  was  fought  on  the  5th  day  of 
May.  The  sound  of  the  battle  was  distinctly  heard  at  York- 
town.  The  result  was  most  creditable  to  our  troops  engaged. 
It  was  in  this  battle  that  General  Hancock's  Brigade  made  its 
famous  bayonet  charge. 

On  the  I2th  day  of  May,  Lieut.  Nash  received  an  order 
from  General  Van  Alen,  the  Military  Governor,  to  procure  a 
detail  of  men,  take  charge  of  the  rebel  prisoners  then  confined 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        71 

(Chap.  Vn.  Garrison  Yorktown.  May,  1863  ] 

in  Yorktown,  proceed  by  boat  to  Fortress  Monroe  and  report 
to  General  Wool.  There  were  between  50  and  60  of  the  pris- 
oners, including  several  officers,  among  whom  was  Capt.  Frank 
Lee,  who  claimed  to  be  a  nephew  of  the  Confederate  General 
Robert  E.  Lee.  On  arriving  at  Fortress  Monroe,  General  Wool 
was  not  ready  to  receive  the  prisoners.  On  the  15th  day  of 
May  the  prisoners  were  transferred  to  the  steamer  John 
Brooks,  and  Lieut.  Nash  was  ordered  to  proceed  with  them  to 
Ft.  Delaware  near  Philadelphia,  and  transfer  them  to  the  Com- 
mander of  that  Post. 

The  officers  were  placed  on  their  parole  of  honor  and  al- 
lowed the  privileges  of  a  certain  part  of  the  boat.  The  men 
were  confined  below  with  only  one  flight  of  stairs  leading  above. 
At  the  head  of  the  stairs  two  guards  were  stationed.  After  a 
day  or  two  the  prisoners  would  come  to  the  foot  of  the  stairs 
and  use  disrespectful  language  to  the  guard,  toward  the  Gov- 
ernment and  our  flag.  The  guard  reported  the  matter,  and  al- 
lowed with  some  emphasis  that  there  would  be  some  dead  reb- 
els, unless  that  disrespectful  conduct  were  stopped.  The  pris- 
oners were  ordered  to  fall  in  around  the  edge  of  the  boat,  after 
which  they  were  admonished  that  if  there  were  any  more  dis- 
respectful language  used  towards  the  guards,  the  Government 
or  the  flag  they  would  be  punished.  After  that  they  were  more 
respectful.  The  prisoners  were  turned  over  to  the  Command- 
ant at  Fort  Delaware  on  the  19th  day  of  May. 

On  transferring  the  prisoners  the  Confederate  officers  as- 
sured Lieut.  Nash  that  if  he  should  be  taken  prisoner  during 
the  war  and  would  enquire  for  them  they  would  assure  him 
courteous  treatment.  It  did  not  seem  worth  while  to  verify  the 
good  faith  of  the  promise.  Lieut.  Nash  and  his  detail  remained 
with  the  steamer,  while  it  ran  up  to  Philadelphia,  discharged  its 
cargo  and  returned  to  Fortress  Monroe.  On  reaching  York- 
town  he  found  that  the  regiment  had  rejoined  the  brigade  at 
the  front.  Soon  as  practical,  transportation  was  taken  to  White 
House,  thence  by  railroad  reaching  the  regiment  on  the  25th 
day  of  May. 

On  the  8th  day  of  May,  Porter's  Division  embarked  on 
transports,  went  up  the  York  River,  leaving  the  Forty-Fourth 
to  garrison  Yorktown.  On  the  following  morning  the  trans- 
port anchored  oflf  West  Point,  which  is  at  the  junction  of  the 


72         44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vn.  Main  Army  Moves  to  White  House.  May  8,  1862] 

Pamunkey  and  Mattapony  Rivers,  and  was  the  terminus  of  the 
Richmond  and  York  River  R.  R.  Pontoon  boats  were  used 
for  landing  the  troops.  The  landing  was  completed  in  the  after- 
noon and  the  troops  moved  back  from  the  river  and  encamped. 
On  the  1 2th  the  troops  moved  up  near  Cumberland,  where 
they  were  reviewed  by  Secretary  of  State  Seward.  From  there 
they  moved  up  to  White  House  where  many  other  troops  were 
encamped.  White  House  is  upon  the  Custis  estate,  which  com- 
prises a  large  plantation  along  the  Pamunkey  River.  It  was 
the  old  homestead  of  the  Custis  family  and  occupied  by  them 
in  the  days  of  Washington.  Here  Washington  first  met  Mar- 
tha Custis  and  here  is  where  they  were  married. 

On  the  i8th  day  of  May  an  order  was  made  organizing  the 
5th  Corps,  placing  Major  General  Fitz  John  Porter  in  com- 
mand, and  that  corps  designation  was  retained  to  the  end  of  the 
war.  It  comprised  the  division  formerly  commanded  by  Gen- 
eral Porter,  who  was  succeeded  in  command  of  the  division  by 
General  George  W.  Morell,  and  was  designated  as  the  ist  Divi- 
sion. The  2d  Division  was  composed  principally  of  regular 
troops  and  was  commanded  by  Brig.  General  George  Sykes. 
Later  on,  the  Pennsylvania  Reserves  were  added  as  the  3d 
Division  commanded  by  Brig,  General  McCall.  On  the  25th 
day  of  May  the  2d  and  4th  Corps  were  on  the  South  side  of 
the  Chickahominy  River,  within  6  miles  of  Richmond,  and  the 
3d  and  5th  Corps  were  on  the  North  side  of  that  river. 

Let  us  now  go  back  and  take  up  the  narrative  of  the  Forty- 
Fourth  New  York,  which  was  left  at  Yorktown.  On  the  nth 
day  of  May  Col.  Stryker  and  Quartermaster  Sergeant  How- 
lett  went  to  Washington  to  obtain  and  send  to  Yorktown,  the 
Zouave  uniforms  of  the  regiment  which  had  been  left  in  a  store 
house.  About  this  time  a  petition  was  addressed  to  General 
Butterfield,  requesting  that  an  order  be  made  directing  the 
regiment  to  rejoin  the  brigade  in  the  advance.  Such  proceed- 
ing was  quite  unmilitary,  but  it  was  thought  that  the  object  of 
the  promoters  of  the  regiment  and  its  friends  throughout  the 
State  of  New  York,  would  not  be  subserved  by  its  remaining 
in  the  rear  on  garrison  duty.  It  is  understood  that  the  Com- 
manding officer  of  the  regiment  was  much  displeased  with  the 
step  taken,  that  he  considered  the  ease  and  comfort  of  garri- 
son duty  far  preferable  to  campaigning  at  the  front.    His  dis- 


EUGENE    L.    DUNHAM. 

Born  in  Hamilton  County,  N.  Y.,  January  i8,  1839.  Possessing  a 
brave  and  ardent  spirit,  with  a  keen  sense  of  wrong  and  injustice,  from 
his  youth  he  was  noted  for  his  steady  adherence  to  right  and  truth 
and  for  the  good  example  he  continually  placed  before  his  associates. 

Upon  the  breaking  out  of  the  Rebellion  he  was  desirous  of  joining 
the  Union  Army  immediately,  but  at  the  request  of  friends  he  post- 
poned his  enlistment.  When  the  news  of  the  assassination  of  Ells- 
worth spread  through  the  land,  and  the  brave  old  state  of  New  York 
called  for  a  Regiment,  to  be  composed  of  the  flower  of  her  young  men, 
selected  from  every  town,  he  was  one  of  the  first  to  offer  himself. 
Was  enrolled  as  First  Sergeant.  Company  D.  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  in 
Aug..  1861.  With  this  regiment  he  served  continuously  until  the  mem- 
orable 2d  dav  of  Julv.  1863,  when  at  the  Battle  of  Gettvsburg  he  was 
killed. 

Beloved  by  his  companions,  honored  and  respected  by  his  superiors, 
by  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct  he  rose  from  First  Sergeant  to 
First  Lieutenant,  and  for  several  months  previous  to  his  death,  was 
acting  captain  of  his  company. 


PUBLIC  LI 


TILD  yiAIIONS-: 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        73 

[Chap.  Vn.  44th  N.  Y.  Rejoins  its  Brigade.  May  lo,  1863] 

pleasure  at  being  ordered  to  the  front  was  expressed  in  quite 
emphatic  language.  After  all  that  had  been  done  to  raise  a 
representative  regiment  for  the  service,  after  all  that  had  been 
said  in  relation  to  the  excellent  material  of  which  it  was  com- 
posed, it  did  not  seem  creditable  to  lag  in  the  rear.  The  order 
to  rejoin  the  brigade  came  without  much  delay.  On  the  19th 
day  of  May  the  regiment  took  a  transport  to  White  House, 
which  place  was  reached  without  accident.  Thereafter  the 
regiment  occupied  its  place  again  in  the  brigade.  Rain  and 
mud  impeded  the  march  from  White  House  to  the  Chicka- 
hominy  River. 

On  the  25th  day  of  May  the  base  of  supplies  for  the  army 
was  at  White  House  and  the  army  was  supplied  by  the  Rich- 
mond and  York  River  R.  R.  The  army  being  posted  on  both 
sides  of  the  Chickahominy,  the  Commanding  General  of  the 
army  deemed  it  prudent  to  build  several  bridges  across  that 
river.  The  headquarters  of  the  army  were  on  the  South  side 
of  the  river.  Savage  Station  was  the  depot  of  supplies  for  that 
part  of  the  army  on  the  South  side  of  the  river. 

The  two  armies  were  now  facing  each  other  about  6  miles 
from  Richmond.  A  point  had  been  reached  on  the  South  side 
of  the  river,  where  any  material  advance  would  bring  on  a 
general  engagement.  Both  sides  were  watching  for  favorable 
opportunities  to  attack.  On  the  26th  day  of  May,  Porter's 
Corps  moved  to  a  point  near  New  Bridge,  on  the  left  bank  of 
the  Chickahominy  River,  and  went  into  bivouac. 

On  the  evening  of  May  26th,  orders  were  received  for  the 
5th  Corps  to  move  at  daybreak  on  the  following  morning,  in 
light  marching  order,  with  3  days'  rations  and  60  rounds  of 
ammunition.  The  order  had  a  telling  look.  Sixty  rounds  of 
ammunition  meant  something.  No  one  knew  where  or  for 
what  purpose  the  movement  was  to  be  made.  It  was  part  of  a 
soldier's  duty  to  obey  orders,  ask  no  questions  and  never  be 
surprised.  The  morning  of  May  27th  came.  Troops  were 
aroused  at  3 :30  o'clock  and  line  was  formed  promptly  at  4 
o'clock.  It  began  to  rain.  That  fact  did  not  change  the  plans. 
The  advance  began  at  once.  A  detachment  of  cavalry  under 
General  Emery  took  the  lead.  The  ist  Division  under  General 
Morell  followed,  taking  the  direct  road  to  Hanover  C.  H.  Gen- 
eral Sykes  followed  with  the  2d  Division  to  protect  the  left 


74         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  VII.  Hanover  C.  H.  May  27,  1862] 

and  rear  of  the  advance  column.  Col.  Warren  with  a  smaller 
detachment  about  the  same  time  left  Old  Church  with  orders 
to  advance  on  a  road  parallel  to  the  Pamunkey  River.  The 
hours  passed  and  still  it  rained.  The  ground  was  soaked,  the 
streams  were  filled  to  overflowing,  but  the  rain  did  not  cease. 
Cavalr}',  artillery  and  infantry,  passing  along  the  same  road 
rendered  it  almost  impassable.  At  lo  o'clock  the  rain  ceased 
and  the  sun  came  out  blistering  hot.  It  was  a  very  tiresome, 
trying  march.  IMany  became  exhausted  and  were  obliged  to 
leave  the  ranks.  About  12  miles  from  camp  the  Forty-Fourth 
was  detached  from  the  balance  of  the  Division  and  left  with  a 
section  of  Martin's  battery  to  guard  a  cross  road  leading  to 
Richmond.  Firing  was  soon  heard  in  the  advance.  The 
troops  that  had  gone  along  had  been  attacked.  An  order  came 
for  the  Forty-Fourth  to  hasten  forward.  After  a  hasty  march 
of  about  2  miles  an  open  field  was  reached,  bordered  on  two 
contiguous  sides  by  heavy  woods.  Other  troops  were  there.  It 
was  soon  ascertained  that  General  ]\Iartindale  was  in  command 
at  this  point  with  the  2d  Me.  and  the  2.sth  N.  Y.,  two  of  the 
regiments  of  his  brigade  in  line  of  battle.  There  was  here 
also  a  section  of  artillery.  It  soon  became  apparent  that  stir- 
ring events  were  at  hand.  Two  companies  were  deployed  as 
skirmishers  and  advanced  into  the  woods  toward  the  left  of 
the  field.  Very  soon  firing  was  heard  in  the  other  piece  of 
woods  to  the  right.  The  skirmishers  were  recalled  and  re- 
joined the  balance  of  the  regiment.  While  the  regiment  was 
advancing  by  the  flank  in  an  open  field  near  the  highway,  a 
sudden  and  murderous  fire  at  short  range  was  opened  by  the 
enemy,  concealed  in  the  woods  toward  which  it  was  advancing. 
A  short  distance  to  the  right  of  the  regiment  was  a  section  of 
Martin's  battery,  and  to  the  right  of  Martin's  battery  were  the 
25th  New  York  and  2d  Me.,  in  the  order  named.  This  was 
the  formation  of  the  line  which  for  two  hours  held  the  field 
against  the  greater  part  of  Branch's  Confederate  Division. 
The  sudden  and  severe  fire  of  the  enemy,  converging  upon  the 
center  of  the  line,  drove  the  cannoneers  from  Martin's  battery 
and  forced  backwards  the  25th  New  York,  and  some  of  the 
companies  on  the  right  of  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York,  Ex- 
cept this  slight  temporary  fluctuation  of  the  line  in  the  outset. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        75 

(Chap,  Vn.  Battle  of  Hanover  C.  H.  May  27,  i86a] 

all  the  troops  maintained  their  position  with  great  gallantry 
against  overwhelming  odds. 

While  what  has  been  narrated  above  was  taking  place  the 
rest  of  Morell's  Division  continued  to  advance  toward  Han- 
over C.  H.,  where  they  met  and  engaged  a  detachment  of 
Branch's  command  under  Col.  Lane.  These  Confederate 
troops  were  driven  from  their  position  and  retreated  towards 
Hanover  C.  H.  jMorell  pursued,  expecting  to  come  upon  the 
main  body  of  Branch's  command.  This  proved  to  be  mislead- 
ing. Branch  had  concealed  the  greater  part  of  his  troops  be- 
hind the  woods,  and  after  Morell's  command  had  got  well  past, 
advanced  and  made  the  attack  in  the  manner  heretofore  nar- 
rated. General  Porter,  who  was  with  the  advance,  on  hearing 
the  heavy  firing  in  the  rear,  ordered  General  Morell  to  face 
about  his  command  and  hasten  to  the  support  of  the  troops  en- 
gaged. The  firing  was  brisk  and  continuous  and  the  relieving 
column  was  2  miles  away.  The  returning  troops  marched  with 
commendable  celerity,  considering  the  march  of  18  miles 
through  rain  and  mud  which  they  had  already  experienced  that 
day.  On  reaching  a  point  within  the  zone  of  the  battlefield  the 
relieving  column  halted,  and  formed  a  line  of  battle,  after  which 
they  promptly  advanced,  striking  the  left  flank  and  rear  of  the 
enemy's  line.  The  enemy  soon  retreated  in  disorder  from  the 
field.  Pursuit  was  made  but  darkness  coming  on,  it  was  ob- 
liged to  be  abandoned.  The  victory  was  complete.  The  troops 
that  had  held  the  field  against  such  overwhelming  odds  were 
entitled  to  very  great  credit.  It  was  the  first  important  battle 
in  the  open  field  in  which  the  Forty-Fourth  had  been  engaged. 
General  Butterfield  termed  it  their  "baptismal  fire."  At  the  be- 
ginning of  the  battle.  Col.  Stryker  turned  the  command  over  to 
Lieut.  Col.  Rice,  and,  as  he  stated,  went  to  obtain  reinforce- 
ments. Corporal  Charles  H.  Blair,  who  was  wounded  and 
obliged  to  go  to  the  rear,  is  responsible  for  the  statement  that 
he  found  the  Colonel  dismounted  and  seated  quietly  by  a  tree, 
holding  his  horse.  He  was  severely  criticised  by  his  superior 
officers  for  leaving  his  command  at  the  beginning  of  the  en- 
gagement. Lieut.  Col.  Rice  had  his  horse  killed  and  his  sword 
shot  from  his  side.  The  colors  of  the  regiment  showed  the 
severity  of  the  fight.     The  Color  Sergeant  was  shot  through 


76         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vn.  Battle  of  Hanover  C.  H.  May  27,  i86a] 

the  head.  Corporal  James  Young  of  Company  F  raised  the 
colors  twice  from  the  ground  and  was  twice  shot  down.  Sam- 
uel W.  Chandler  of  Company  F,  who  had  been  wounded  in 
the  leg  and  arm.  with  wounds  bleeding,  crept  to  the  flag- 
staff and  with  great  effort  raised  it  the  third  time.  In  a  mo- 
ment he,  too,  was  shot  in  the  breast  and  fell.  Frank  B.  Schutt 
of  Company  G  then  raised  it.  The  flag  was  pierced  by  forty 
bullets.  The  force  encountered  and  defeated  was  Branch's  Di- 
vision of  North  Carolina  and  Georgia  troops,  supposed  to  have 
been  g.ocxD  strong.  Prisoners  taken  estimated  the  number  at 
10,000. 

General  McClellan,  in  his  report  made  at  the  time,  says : 

"The  immediate  results  of  these  affairs  were  some  200  of  the 
enemy's  dead  buried  by  our  troops ;  730  prisoners,  one  twelve  pound 
howitzer,  one  caisson,  a  large  number  of  small  arms,  and  two  rail- 
road trains  captured.  Porter's  victory  of  yesterday  was  truly  a  glorious 
victory.  Too  much  credit  can  not  be  given  to  his  magnificent  division 
and  its  accompHshed  leader.  The  rout  of  the  rebels  was  complete. 
Not  a  defeat,  but  a  complete  rout. 

Our  entire  loss  amounted  to  53  killed  and  344  wounded." 

The  loss  of  the  Forty-Fourth  was  31  killed  and  died  of 
wounds,  and  53  wounded,  making  a  total  of  84.  It  will  thus  be 
seen  that  of  the  number  killed  more  than  one-half  belonged  to 
the  Forty-Fourth  New  York.  It  will  also  be  seen  that  the 
proportion  of  those  killed  to  the  number  wounded  was  un- 
usually large. 

After  the  battle  and  during  the  night  the  wounded  were 
carefully  removed  from  the  field,  given  attention,  and  the  dead 
were  gathered  together.  On  the  next  day  the  dead  of  the 
Forty-Fourth,  numbering  26,  were  buried  in  one  trench  on  the 
field.  While  there  was  rejoicing  over  the  victory  won,  there 
was  sincere  sorrow  felt  at  the  loss  of  so  many  noble  lives.  On 
this  day  Lieut.  Nash  was  appointed  Acting  Adjutant  in  place 
of  Adjutant  Knox,  wounded.  Col  W.  H.  Powell,  in  his  his- 
tory of  the  Fifth  Corps,  in  describing  the  battle  of  Hanover 
C.  H.,  says : 

'The  brunt  of  actual  contact  was  splendidly  sustained  by  the  2d 
Me.  under  their  gallant  Col.  Roberts,  and  on  the  left  by  the  fire  of 
the  Forty-Fourth  New  York  effectually  covering  the  guns  that  were 
temporarily  abandoned,  while  the  bearing  of  the  regiment  gave  evi- 
dence of  the  future  in  store  for  it  with  the  heroic  Rice." 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        77 

[Chap.  Vn.  Rettim  from  Hanover.  May  29,  1862] 

It  may  be  here  remarked  in  this  connection  that  in  the  midst 
of  the  battle  at  the  time  the  onslaught  of  the  enemy  was  the 
fiercest,  Lieut.  Col.  Rice  shouted  to  his  command,  "Be  careful 
men,  be  careful  men,  you  are  making  history." 

The  foregoing  quotation  from  Powell's  History  of  the  5th 
Corps  fails  to  do  justice  to  the  25th  New  Y'ork,  inasmuch  as 
that  gallant  regiment  suffered  the  greatest  loss  of  any  regiment 
engaged. 

The  object  of  the  movement  having  been  brilliantly  accom- 
plished, Porter's  troops  were  ordered  to  return  to  camp. 
About  4  o'clock  on  the  afternoon  of  the  29th  the  troops  started 
on  their  return,  arriving  about  3  o^clock  the  next  morning.  The 
return  was  wearisome  and  trying.  The  artillery  and  baggage 
trains  frequently  got  stuck  in  the  mud,  increasing  the  fatigue 
and  impatience  of  the  troops.  About  11  hours  were  consumed 
in  its  return  march  although  the  distance  was  only  18  miles. 
It  was  one  of  those  long  drawn-out  marches  that  could  not  be 
hurried,  neither  could  it  be  postponed.  It  did  no  good  to  be- 
come impatient  nor  to  entertain  angry  thoughts.  It  went  to 
make  a  chapter  in  a  soldier's  experience  and  furnish  variety  to 
his  army  life. 

On  this  day  heavy  firing  was  heard  on  the  South  side  of  the 
Chickahominy.  Orders  were  received  to  be  ready  to  march  at  a 
moment's  notice.  The  day  passed  but  we  did  not  move. 
During  the  afternoon  occurred  a  terrific  thunder  storm,  during 
which  lightning  struck  the  tent  of  Quartermaster  Sergeant 
Howlett  and  Sergeant  Major  Weber,  instantly  killing  the  for- 
mer, rendering  the  latter  insensible  and  igniting  and  exploding 
a  box  of  cartridges.  Others  in  the  tent,  and  near  by,  felt  the 
shock  perceptibly.  The  rain  fell  in  torrents  for  more  than  one 
hour,  causing  the  streams  to  overflow  their  banks  and  inundat- 
ing the  low  lands  and  marshes. 

On  the  26th  day  of  May,  General  Heintzelman's  3d  Corps 
crossed  to  the  South  side  of  the  Chickahominy,  leaving  Por- 
ter's Corps  alone  on  the  North  side. 

On  the  afternoon  of  May  31st,  the  battle  of  Seven  Pines  or 
Fair  Oaks  was  begun  and  continued  on  the  ist  day  of  June. 
All  the  attacks  of  the  enemy  were  repulsed  with  great  loss  to 
them. 

About  9  or  10  o'clock  in  the  evening  of  May  31st,  our  bri- 


78         44th  NEWJTORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

IChap.  Vn.  Fair  Oaks.  May  31,  1863] 

gade  was  ordered  to  the  banks  of  the  Chickahominy,  guns  were 
loaded  and  stacked,  and  there  it  waited  for  the  engineers  to 
build  a  pontoon  bridge  across  the  river.  The  plan  was  for  our 
brigade  to  cross  soon  as  the  pontoon  bridge  was  finished  and 
make  a  night  attack  upon  the  rebel  works.  The  recent  rains, 
however,  had  so  swollen  the  river  that  its  banks  were  over- 
flowed and  its  width  abnormally  increased.  This  greatly  de- 
layed the  construction  of  the  bridge.  Waiting  in  position  until 
noon  on  the  ist  day  of  June  and  the  bridge  not  being  completed, 
the  brigade  returned  to  camp.  It  was  thought  that  while  the 
enemy  were  engaged  in  assaulting  our  lines  on  the  field  of  Fair 
Oaks,  it  was  good  strategy  to  storm  their  works  near  the  South 
banks  of  the  river.  The  execution  of  the  plan  failed  on  ac- 
count of  the  untimely  rise  of  the  sluggish  Chickahominy.  The 
battle  of  Fair  Oaks  resulted  in  a  splendid  victory  for  our  army. 

From  the  2d  of  June  to  the  25th  the  regiment  was  quite 
constantly  engaged  in  camp,  fatigue  and  picket  duty  along  the 
Chickahominy.  Some  of  the  pickets  of  the  respective  armies 
were  stationed  near  each  other  and  became  quite  friendly  and 
sociable.  They  established  a  sort  of  truce  between  themselves, 
not  to  fire  on  each  other,  but  made  an  exception  in  the  case  of 
commissioned  officers.  First  Lieut.  Harry  Kelley,  however, 
disguised  himself  as  a  private  soldier,  visited  the  extreme  picket 
post,  held  a  friendly  chat  with  the  rebel  picket  and  returned 
safely. 

The  men  exchanged  tobacco  for  coffee  and  bantered  each 
other  as  to  what  would  be  the  final  outcome  of  the  war.  Then 
an  order  was  promulgated  forbidding  the  pickets  to  meet  or 
converse.  The  order  was  published  in  every  regiment.  After 
the  order  had  been  published  a  man  by  the  name  of  Kennedy, 
belonging  to  Company  H,  while  on  picket,  met  and  conversed 
with  a  rebel  soldier.  After  the  example  of  the  ambitious 
weather  cock,  Kennedy  was  anxious  to  be  first  to  make  known 
the  nature  of  the  important  coming  events.  Among  others 
he  entrusted  the  secret  to  Lieut.  Col.  Rice.  Lieut.  Col.  Rice 
deemed  the  information  of  so  much  importance  that  he  decided 
that  it  should  be  forthwith  laid  before  General  Porter.  A  sug- 
gestion that  Kennedy  had  been  guilty  of  violating  the  plain 
provisions  of  a  recent  order  did  not  deter  him.  A  mount  was 
procured  for  Kennedy  and  he  and  the  Adjutant  rode  away  to 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        79 

[Chap.  Vn.  Review,  Gen'I.  Prim.  Jane  9, 1862] 

General  Porter's  headquarters,  where  they  arrived  late  in  the 
evening,  after  the  General  had  retired.  The  Adjutant  awoke 
the  General  and  laid  before  him  the  purpose  of  the  visit. 

The  General  replied,  "Put  the  man  in  the  guard  house  and 
I  will  punish  him  in  the  morning."  The  Adjutant  sought  to 
explain  saying  to  him  that  Col.  Rice  thought  that  the  informa- 
tion was  so  important  that  he  would  overlook  the  violation  of 
the  order.  The  General  only  repeated  with  greater  emphasis, 
"Put  the  man  in  the  guard  house  and  I  will  punish  him  in  the 
morning."  Kennedy  was  put  into  the  guard  house.  The  Adju- 
tant returned  and  reported  the  result  to  Col.  Rice.  Soon  after 
daylight  the  next  morning  Col.  Rice  was  seen  riding  rapidly 
toward  Corps  headquarters  and  presently  Kennedy  was  seen 
wending  his  way  back  to  camp  on  foot.  What  took  place  at 
that  "sunrise  court"  never  was  officially  reported. 

On  the  9th  day  of  June  the  5th  Corps  was  reviewed  by 
General  McClellan  and  General  Prim  of  the  Spanish  Army, 
after  which  Generals  Prim  and  Porter  visited  the  picket  line. 

On  the  loth  a  party  of  rebel  cavalry  crossed  the  Pamunkey 
River,  captured  and  set  fire  to  the  wagons  of  our  forage  train, 
and  drove  away  50  mules.  This  incident  caused  some  excite- 
ment at  the  landing  where  the  supplies  of  the  army  were  stored. 

During  this  period  there  was  much  sickness  in  the  regiment. 
The  hot  weather  and  the  miasma  from  the  swamp  had  a  tell- 
ing effect  in  depleting  the  ranks. 

During  this  period,  also,  Prof.  Lowe  made  frequent  ascen- 
sions with  his  balloon  for  the  purpose  of  observing  the  position 
and  movements  of  the  enemy.  The  appearance  of  the  balloon 
was  sure  to  draw  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  guns. 


8o   44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vm.  Mechanicsville.  June  26,  1863] 


CHAPTER  VIII. 

THE  SEVEN  DAYS^  FIGHT. 

The  26th  day  of  June  arrived.  It  was  the  first  day  of  the 
Seven  Days'  Fight.  It  was  what  was  known  as  the  Battle  of 
Mechanicsville.  The  Confederate  Generals  Longstreet,  A.  P. 
Hill  and  D.  H.  Hill,  between  3  and  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon, 
crossed  to  the  North  side  of  the  Chickahominy  River  and 
promptly  formed  their  line  of  battle  at  and  near  Mechanics- 
ville ready  to  attack.     Their  forces  numbered  about  10,000. 

General  McCall,  commanding  3d  Division,  5th  Corps, 
which  numbered  about  5,000,  took  a  strong  position  to  resist 
the  attack.  From  4  o'clock  until  dark  the  enemy  made  repeated 
assaults  upon  the  Union  lines.  Toward  evening  McCall's  Divi- 
sion being  hard  pressed,  the  ist  and  2d  Brigades  of  our  Divi- 
sion were  ordered  to  their  support.  During  the  26th  the  3d 
Brigade  took  position  near  Cold  Harbor  to  protect  the  right 
flank  and  rear  of  the  Union  lines.  Its  position  was  changed  at 
different  times  as  the  day  wore  on  but  it  did  not  become 
actually  engaged.  Darkness  put  an  end  to  this  day's  engage- 
ment. The  repeated  assaults  of  the  enemy  were  everywhere 
repulsed  with  great  slaughter.  The  combatants  of  both  armies 
slept  on  their  arms  and  waited  developments  of  the  next  day. 

At  this  time  it  was  known  that  Stonewall  Jackson  was  ap- 
proaching with  his  command  and  would  be  in  position  to  co- 
operate when  the  battle  was  renewed.  It  had  also  been  recently 
learned  that  the  order  for  General  McDowell,  with  his  com- 
mand to  cooperate  with  the  army  of  the  Potomac,  had  again 
been  changed  and  that  his  command  had  been  diverted  to 
another  purpose.  At  this  critical  time  it  became  necessary  to 
form  new  plans.  General  McClellan  was  in  conference  with 
General  Porter  until  late  at  night.  Before  leaving,  General 
McClellan  said  "Now,  Fitz,  you  understand  my  views  and  the 
absolute  necessity  of  holding  the  ground  until  arrangements 
over  the  river  can  be  completed.  Whichever  of  the  two  posi- 
tions you  take,  hold  it." 


JOSEPH  FERGUSON 

Born  in  Ulster  Co.,  New  York,  July  lo,  1838,  enlisted  in  Company 
C  44  N.  Y.  V.  Inf.,  August  8,  1861.  Served  as  Sergeant  with  the  44th 
N.  Y.,  until  Decemljer  1863.  Was  appointed  Second  Lieutenant  by  the 
War  Dept.  and  assigned  to  7th  U.  S.  C.  Infantry.  Promoted  to  First 
Lieutenant  and  Adjutant  March  6,  1865,  promoted  to  Captain,  January 
12,  1866.  Mustered  out  at  expiration  of  service  October  13,  1866.  Bre- 
vetted  Major  of  U.  S.  Vols.  Wounded  and  captured  in  assault  on 
Fort  Gilmer,  near  Richmond,  September  29,  1864,  held  prisoner  until 
February  22,  1865.  Personally  highly  commended  in  general  orders 
from  headquarters  Army  of  the  James.  On  detached  service  at  Gen'l 
Heintzelman's  headquarters  at  San  .\ntonio,  Te.xas,  when  mustered  out. 

Brevet  Alajor  Ferguson  returned  to  Civil  life  and  resided  in  Orange 
Co.,  New  York  until  1877,  when  he  migrated  to  a  Homestead  Claim  in 
Kansas,  where  he  occupied  his  time  in  farming,  etc.,  etc.  Served  two 
years  as  County  Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction  and  as  Editor 
and  Proprietor  of  the  leading  county  paper,  "The  Kinsley  Graphic." 

During  the  years  1881-2  he  was  engaged  in  contracting  and  mining 
in  the  Elk  Mountains,  Colo.  In  1884  he  came  to  New  Rochelle.  N.  Y., 
where  he  now  resides. 


I PUBUC  LIBRARY 


t'Ui.rjx:  L 


I  AST' 


Bfltfle  of  Games  Mill,  Va.:  June  27,  mi. 

i^^iWoodt.  --^^ Swamp. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        8i 

[Chap.  Vm.  Gaines  Mills.  June  27,  i86a] 

Porter  replied,  "Give  yourself  no  uneasiness,  I  shall  hold  to 
the  last  extremity."  About  3  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  May 
27th,  General  Porter  received  orders  to  withdraw  his  command 
to  Gaines  Mills.  Before  daylight  all  the  troops  of  the  5th 
Corps  were  cautiously  withdrawn  from  the  positions  occupied 
during  the  night,  and  were  moving  to  the  several  positions  as- 
signed to  them  for  the  coming  day.  The  backward  movement 
was  conducted  in  a  deliberate  and  orderly  manner,  and  by  9 
o'clock  the  new  line  of  battle  was  formed.  The  3d  Brigade 
was  formed  with  the  83d  Penn.  on  the  right  and  the  Forty- 
Fourth  N.  Y.  on  the  left,  which  was  also  the  left  of  the  entire 
line  of  battle. 

The  I2th  N.  Y.  was  formed  in  a  second  line  of  battle  to  the 
rear  of  and  supporting  the  83d  Penn.;  and  the  i6th  Mich,  was 
formed  to  the  rear  of  and  in  support  of  the  Forty- Fourth  New 
York. 

The  I  St  Brigade  was  formed  in  a  similar  manner  to  the 
right  of  the  3d  Brigade.  A  timely  requisition  had  been  made 
for  intrenching  tools  but  they  did  not  arrive.  Orders  were, 
however,  given  to  use  the  limited  time  and  means  at  hand  to 
throw  up  defensive  works.  Later  in  the  day  these  works 
proved  to  be  very  useful.  The  Confederate  forces  engaged  the 
day  before,  reinforced  by  Stonewall  Jackson's  command  and 
other  troops,  swelling  their  number  to  60,000  or  more,  advanced 
cautiously  and  formed  their  line  of  battle.  The  forces  of  the 
enemy  were  in  command  of  General  Robert  E.  Lee,  who  had 
succeeded  to  the  command  of  the  Army  of  Northern  Virginia. 
They  appeared  in  front  of  our  brigade  about  10  or  11  o'clock 
in  the  forenoon  and  commenced  forming  their  line  of  battle. 
Lieut.  Col.  Rice,  in  his  report,  thus  describes  the  field  selected 
as  the  position  of  defense  against  the  expected  attack : 

"The  natural  character  of  this  position  of  defense  is  an  extended 
field  of  high  rolling  ground,  skirted  in  front  and  on  the  right  by  a 
thin  copse  of  woods  and  a  small  creek  running  through  a  deep  ravine. 
On  the  left  a  meadow  extends  along  the  Chickahominy  as  far  as  the 
eye  can  reach,  the  ground  becoming  low  and  marshy  toward  the  banks 
of  the  river.  The  ground  in  front  of  this  position,  which  was  taken 
by  the  enemy  as  his  line  of  attack,  is  high  and  rolling,  overlooking  the 
meadow  and  frequently  furrowed  by  deep  ravines  and  sluggish  streams. 
The  Forty-Fourth  New  York,  holding  the  extreme  left  of  the  line, 
had    thrown    up    a    temporary    breastwork    of    considerable    strength. 


82         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vm.  Gaines  MiUs.  June  27,  1863] 

Scarcely  had  these  obstructions  been  thrown  up  before  the  line  of 
skirmishers  in  front  of  the  brigade  gave  evidence  of  the  approach  of 
the  enemy.  For  nearly  two  hours,  while  the  enemy  was  moving  his 
troops  into  position  on  our  center  and  right,  the  skirmishers  and  sharp 
shooters  of  the  brigade,  held  in  check  the  right  of  the  enemy's  forces 
and  frequently  compelled  entire  regiments  to  fall  back  under  the  cover 
of  the  woods  to  escape  their  deadly  fire.  The  effectiveness  of  this  line 
of  skirmishers  and  sharp  shooters  in  front  of  our  massed  forces  de- 
serves especial  notice.  The  names  of  these  officers,  belonging  to  the 
Forty-Fourth  New  York  Volunteers  are  Captain  Larabee,  Lieuts.  Gas- 
kill,  Kelley,  Weber,  Becker  and  Orderly  Sergeant  Grannis.  I  would 
also  most  favorably  mention,  in  this  connection,  the  name  of  Acting 
Adjutant  E.  A.  Nash  who  was  with  the  skirmishers  in  front  part  of 
the  day  communicating  the  various  changes  in  position  taken  by  the 
enemy." 

About  2:30  P.  M.  the  3d  Brigade  was  attacked  in  force. 
This  attack  was  preceded  by  a  light  attack  on  the  right  and 
center.  The  enemy  were  evidently  developing  our  line  and 
feeling  for  its  weak  point.  They  did  not  find  the  weak  point 
opposite  our  brigade  and  were  forced  to  fall  back  with  consid- 
erable loss.  The  second  attack  upon  the  3d  Brigade  took  place 
about  5  130  o'clock  P.  M.  This  attack  was  also  preceded  by  a 
like  attack  on  the  right  and  center  of  the  general  line.  It  was 
more  severe  and  determined  than  the  first  attack  but  met  the 
same  reception  as  the  first  and  the  forces  of  the  enemy  were 
again  forced  back  with  great  loss.  The  entire  brigade  was  for 
the  first  time  today  brought  into  action.  Slocum's  Division 
reached  the  battlefield  from  the  South  Side  of  the  river  about  4 
o'clock  P.  M.  and  took  a  vigorous  part  during  the  remainder 
of  the  engagement.  Porter's  Corps  and  Slocum's  Division, 
numbering  about  30,000,  were  contesting  this  memorable  field 
against  the  choicest  troops  of  the  Confederate  Army  which 
numbered  at  least  60,000. 

Col.  Powell,  in  his  history  of  the  5th  Corps,  says : 

"For  hours  the  air  had  been  burdened  with  the  roar  of  guns,  the 
crash  and  plunge  of  shot,  the  bursting  of  shells,  the  whir  of  canister 
and  hissing  of  a  fearful  leaden  hail,  mingled  with  the  shouts  of  the 
combatants  and  the  cries  and  groans  of  wounded  and  dying, — ^but  still 
the  Union  line  held  fast  and  not  a  foot  was  given  away." 

The  third  and  final  assault  of  the  day  began  shortly  after  6 
o'clock  P.  M.  The  enemy  had  gathered  for  a  final  effort. 
The  attack  was  general  along  the  whole  line.     The  fighting 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        83 

(Chap.  Vm.  Gaines  Mills.  June  27,  1863] 

was  at  short  range  and  at  times  hand  to  hand.     General  But- 
terfield,  in  his  report  of  the  battle,  in  part,  says : 

"Finding  the  pressure  upon  General  Martindale's  line  (which  was 
next  in  line  to  the  right  of  the  3d  Brigade),  I  moved  a  portion  of  my 
command  to  his  support;  with  the  hope  and  endeavor  to  hold  the 
enemy  in  check,  who  by  their  vastly  superior  strength  and  overpower- 
ing reinforcements  of  fresh  toops,  had  succeeded  in  breaking  a  portion 
of  General  Martindale's  line,  without  disgrace  to  any  portion  of  his 
command,  for  no  men  could  ever  have  fought  better,  braver  or  more 
determinedly." 

Lieut.  Col.  Rice  in  his  report,  in  part,  said : 

"On  the  left  of  the  line  the  enemy  was  constantly  repulsed  until 
late  in  the  afternoon,  when  an  entire  brigade  charged  upon  our  line, 
broke  through  the  left  of  the  forces  on  our  right,  and  vigorously  at- 
tacked the  right  flank  of  our  brigade.  Thus  severely  pressed  on  the 
right  and  front  by  a  superior  force,  the  83d  Penn.  and  the  12th  N.  Y., 
which  supported  it,  were  obliged  to  fall  back.  They  were  now  quickly 
rallied  by  the  Commanding  General  and  the  i6th  Mich,  was  ordered 
to  their  support.  Not  far  from  this  point  of  time  Col.  McLane  of 
the  83d  Penn.  gallantly  fell  at  the  head  of  his  regiment, — the  noblest 
soldier  of  us  all, — fell  honored,  loved,  mourned  by  us  all.  Here,  too, 
fell  Major  Naghel  and  many  other  gallant  officers  of  the  same  regi- 
ment who  freely  gave  their  lives  for  their  country.  They  all  sleep 
well.  Their  names  are  immortal.  In  the  meantime  the  83d  Penn.  and 
the  i6th  Mich,  not  being  able  to  stand  the  deadly  fire  of  the  enemy 
from  the  right  and  rear  joined  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  Now  the 
enemy  was  drawing  nearer  and  nearer  around  us,  but  still  we  poured 
into  his  advancing  ranks  a  terrible  fire.  At  this  moment  Major  Van 
Vegesack,  aid  de  camp,  informed  me  that  the  General  had  ordered 
him  to  bring  off  from  the  field  the  remaining  regiments  of  the  brigade. 
I,  at  once,  sorrowfully  beheld  the  utter  hopelessness  of  the  unequal 
contest  and  ordered  a  retreat.  The  enemy  in  our  rear  along  the  entire 
right,  upon  the  crest  of  the  hill,  poured  into  our  ranks  from  both  mus- 
ketry and  artillery  a  sheet  of  iron  and  lead.  Still  the  column  pressed 
forward  across  the  long  meadow,  its  ranks  becoming  thinner  till  at 
length  through  marsh,  and  swamp,  and  tangled  underwood,  dense  and 
almost  impassable,  amid  falling  trees  and  bursting  shells,  it  reached 
the  river  and  plunging  in  waded  to  the  opposite  banks." 

It  is  thought  that  the  foregoing  extract  from  the  report  of 
Lieut.  Col.  Rice,  being  made  at  the  time,  w^ould  furnish  the 
most  vivid  description  of  the  gallant  conduct  of  the  regiment 
at  the  battle  of  Gaines  Mills.  The  regiment  lost  in  the  battle 
61  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing.  Among  the  wounded  were 
Captains  Vanderlip  and  McRoberts  and  Lieutenants  Gaskill  and 


84        44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vm.  Crossed  the  Chickahominy.  June  27,  i86a] 

Becker.  No  troops  fought  better  than  Butterfield's  Brigade 
and  had  it  not  been  assailed  by  overwhelming  numbers  in  flank 
and  rear  its  position  could  not  have  been  carried.  The  83d 
Penn.,  which  held  a  position  in  the  front  line  of  battle  to  the 
right  of  the  Forty-Fourth,  occupied  the  position  of  greater 
danger  and  sustained  itself  in  a  most  creditable  manner  under 
most  trying  circumstances.  Its  loss  was  very  heavy,  but  its 
brilliant  record  was  unsurpassed  on  that  field.  Wet,  weary, 
without  knapsacks,  haversacks  or  blankets,  some  time  after 
darkness  had  enveloped  the  earth,  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York 
and  the  83d  Penn.  respectively  assembled  their  broken  ranks 
on  the  South  banks  of  the  Chickahominy.  On  crossing  to  the 
South  side  of  the  river  we  came  within  the  territorial  com- 
mand of  General  Smith.  The  83d  Penn.  arrived  on  the  South 
side  of  the  river  about  the  same  time  as  the  Forty-Fourth  New 
York.  The  two  regiments  had  shared  together  the  fortunes 
of  the  day.  The  dead  and  wounded  of  the  entire  brigade  were 
left  upon  the  battlefield.  Poncho  tents,  knapsacks,  haversacks 
and  blankets  were  also  abandoned.  Weary,  hungry  and  bat- 
tle-begrimed, we  came  as  uninvited  and  unexpected  guests. 
General  Smith's  Adjutant  General  came  to  Lieut.  Col.  Rice  and 
said  that  General  Smith  was  expecting  a  night  attack  and  de- 
sired his  command  to  remain.  As  requested,  the  regiment 
took  position  in  the  rifle  pits  to  the  left  of  the  fort  and  a  little 
later  rations  were  issued.  In  one  or  two  hours  the  Forty- 
Fourth  was  relieved  by  other  troops  and  moved  back  into 
an  open  field,  lay  down  and  sought  much  needed  rest,  with- 
out tents  or  blankets.  Before  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the 
28th  the  regiment  was  ordered  out  to  aid  in  repelling  an  attack, 
for  which  purpose  ammunition  was  issued  to  the  men.  As  soon 
as  the  attacking  party  was  repulsed  the  command  again  sought 
rest.  Soon  after  daylight  the  83d  Penn.  and  the  Forty-Fourth 
N.  Y.  rejoined  the  Division  near  General  Porter's  head- 
quarters. About  2  o'clock  the  brigade  was  ordered  to  take 
position  to  guard  a  ford  on  the  Chickahominy,  and  soon  there- 
after was  relieved  and  marched  to  Savage  Station.  A  halt 
was  made  a  short  distance  from  the  station  and  the  regiment 
bivouacked  for  the  night.  We  were  still  without  tents  or 
blankets  and  it  rained  hard  all  night. 

Early  in  the  morning  of  June  29th  the  Division  marched  to 


LOUIS    G.    FERRAND. 

Born  in  Cheektowaga,  N.  Y.,  May  14.  1840.  He  relates  that  he  was 
raised  on  a  farm  and  at  the  age  of  eighteen  years  commenced  an  ap- 
prenticeship at  blacksmithing  and  served  in  that  capacity  for  three  years. 

Enlisted  in  Company  A,  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.  in  Aug.,  1861.  "  Was 
with  the  regiment  until  it  reached  Yorktown,  Va.  in  1862,  where  he 
was  taken  with  typhoid  fever  and  removed  to  U.  S.  General  Hospital, 
Annapolis.  Md.  After  a  long  sickness  which  left  him  unfit  for  service 
at  the  Front,  he  served  as  hospital  nurse  until  the  spring  of  1863, 
when  he  returned  to,  and  remained  with  the  regiment  until  July  2. 
1863.  On  that  date  he  was  wounded  by  buckshot  in  the  left  cheek  at 
the  Battle  of  Gettysburg,  and  was  sent  to  U.  S.  General  Hospital,  West 
Philadelphia.  Returned  to  regiment  about  Aug.  20.  1863.  His  next 
and  last  departure  from  the  regiment  was  near  the  Weldon  R.  R.  not 
far  from  Petersburg,  Va.,  June  18,  1864,  when  he  was  disabled  by 
gunshot  wounds  in  left  hand  and  left  knee.  Was  then  taken  to  Slough 
Barracks  Hospital,  near  Alexanderia,  Va.,  and  was  there  when  the 
regiment  was  mustered  out  Oct.  11,  1864.  The  wounds  that  he 
received  at  the  Weldon  R.  R.  in  his  hand  and  knee  made  him  a  cripple 
for  life.     Honorably  discharged  May  4,  1865. 


^PUBLIC  LIBR^^R^ 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        85 

Chap.  Vm.  White  Oak  Swamp  and  Ttirkey  Bend.  June  30,  1862] 

White  Oak  Swamp  on  a  reconnaisance  and  not  discovering 
any  of  the  enemy  made  arrangements  to^  bivouac  for  the  night. 
Orders  were  very  soon  received  that  the  entire  5th  Corps  was 
to  make  a  night  march.  The  march  was  to  be  made  with  the 
least  possible  noise  and  with  the  utmost  caution.  The  route 
taken  was  along  a  highway  bordered  on  both  sides  by  dense 
woods.  In  the  middle  of  the  night,  while  everybody  and 
everything  were  obscured  by  dense  darkness,  a  sudden  and 
unexpected  noise  was  heard.  It  sounded  like  the  tread  of 
horsemen.  For  a  moment  the  entire  body  of  troops  was 
thrown  into  a  panic.  The  road  was  instantly  cleared.  Men 
fired  their  muskets  without  purpose  or  aim.  This  episode 
caused  no  little  amusement  when  it  was  learned  that  two 
lively  mules,  having  a  frolic  of  their  own,  were  responsible  for 
the  commotion.  The  previous  silent  march  was  then  resumed. 
General  Porter  was  at  the  head  of  the  column,  conducting  the 
movement  under  the  direction  of  a  single  guide.  The  guide 
had  taken  the  wrong  road,  and  the  mistake  was  not  dis- 
covered by  General  Porter,  until  he  came  unexpectdly  upon 
an  outpost  of  the  enemy's  picket  line.  It  was  a  narrow  escape 
for  him.  The  entire  distance  travelled  had  to  be  retraced. 
When  daylight  came  a  halt  was  made  near  the  starting  point 
of  the  evening  before  and  everybody  was  soon  stretched  on 
the  ground  for  rest.  Soon  orders  came  and  the  march  was  re- 
sumed towards  Turkey  Bridge,  which  point  was  reached  about 
II  A.  M.  In  the  afternoon  of  June  30th  the  troops  were 
formed  in  line  by  brigades  and  General  McClellan  rode  past 
in  review.  The  troops  were  much  fatigued  by  the  almost  con- 
tinuous marching  and  fighting,  but  the  Commanding  General 
was  cheered  with  considerable  enthusiasm.  During  this  day 
different  parts  of  the  army  were  hotly  engaged  on  different 
fields.  The  location  of  Porter's  Corps  was  such  that  it  took 
an  active  part  in  the  engagement  of  White  Oak  Swamp 
and  Turkey  Bend.  Late  in  the  afternoon  the  3d  Brigade 
was  subjected  to  quite  a  hot  artillery  fire.  An  incident  here 
occurred  which  was  quite  far-reaching  in  its  consequences. 
The  regiment  was  in  position  of  close  column  by  division.  An 
order  was  given  by  which  it  was  sought  to  change  front  to  the 
left,  thereby  establishing  a  new  line  at  right  angles  to  the 
former.     Some  of  the  rear  companies    failed  to  understand 


86         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vni.  Malvern  Hill.  July  i,  1863] 

the  order  and  a  temporary  confusion  ensued.  At  this  juncture 
General  Butterfield  rode  up  in  haste  and  with  much  emphasis 

said :     "Colonel  Stryker  what  in  H 1  are  you  doing  with 

that  battalion?"  To  which  the  reply  was  made,  "I  am  obey- 
ing orders,  sir"  General  Butterfield  said,  "Obeying  the  Devil. 
Get  down  from  that  position.  I  have  heard  of  you  before,  sir. 
Who  is  next  in  command?"  Col.  Stryker  dismounted  and 
went  to  the  rear  and  never  again  assumed  command  of  the 
regiment.    He  was  succeeded  by  Lieut.  Col.  Rice. 

The  men  slept  on  their  arms  that  night  and  were  ready  for 
duty  at  a  moment's  call.  The  attacks  of  the  enemy  on  the 
30th  were  all  successfully  repulsed.  Jefferson  Davis,  Presi- 
dent of  the  psuedo-Confederacy,  was  present  on  the  field  with 
the  Confederate  Army.  He  came  out  there  for  the  express 
purpose  of  seeing  General  Lee  bag  our  army.  His  expectation, 
fortunately,  however,  was  not  realized.  On  the  night  of  June 
30th,  Morell's  Division  slept  on  their  arms.  The  fighting  of  the 
day  before  and  the  relative  positions  of  the  armies  indicated 
that  the  battle  might  be  renewed  at  any  moment.  Command- 
ing officers  were  busy  during  the  night  in  correcting  their  lines 
and  preparing  for  the  contest.  Five  days  had  now  elapsed 
since  the  fighting  began.  During  all  that  time  our  brigade  had 
slept  at  irregular  intervals  without  tents  or  blankets  and  much 
of  the  time  were  on  short  rations.  The  battle  of  Malvern 
Hill  was  fought  on  Tuesday,  July  ist.  It  was  the  greatest 
of  the  Seven  Days'  battles.  The  battlefield  is  briefly  described 
in  General  McClellan's  reports  as — 

"An  elevated  plateau  of  about  a  mile  and  a  half  by  three  fourths 
of  a  mile  in  area,  well  cleared  of  timber  and  with  several  converging 
roads  running  over  it.  In  front  are  many  defensible  ravines,  and  the 
ground  slopes  gradually  toward  the  North  and  East  to  the  woodland, 
giving  clear  ranges  for  artillery  in  those  directions.  Towards  the 
Northwest  the  plateau  falls  off  more  abruptly  into  a  ravine  which  ex- 
tends to  the  James  River.  From  the  position  of  the  enemy  his  most 
obvious  lines  of  attack  would  come  from  the  direction  of  Richmond 
and  the  White  Oak  Swamp  and  almost  of  a  necessity  strike  upon  our 
left  wing.     Porter's   Corps  held  the  left  of  the  line." 

At  sunrise  on  the  morning  of  July  ist,  the  3d  Brigade 
was  under  arms  and  moving  to  the  position  assigned  to  it  in 
the  order  of  battle.  The  first  position  taken  was  toward  the 
left  of  the  general  line  and  to  the  rear  of  woods  encircling  that 


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44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        87 

[Chap.  Vra.  Malvern  HiU.  July  i,  1862] 

part  of  the  field.  The  assigned  position  had  hardly  been  taken 
when  the  artillery  of  both  armies  became  engaged.  The  enemy 
followed  with  a  spirited  attack  of  infantry,  lasting  about  2 
hours,  which  was  completely  repulsed.  Another  and  more  de- 
termined attack  was  made  about  11  o'clock  A.  M.  toward  the 
right  of  the  general  line,  which  lasted  about  3  hours,  and  which 
was  finally  repulsed  with  great  slaughter.  "About  2  o'clock  a 
column  of  the  enemy  was  observed  moving  toward  our  right, 
but  beyond  the  reach  of  our  artillery.  The  column  was  long, 
occupying  more  than  2  hours  in  passing  a  given  point,  but  it 
disappeared  and  was  not  heard  of  again  in  that  part  of  the 
field.  The  presumption  is  that  it  returned  by  the  rear  and  par- 
ticipated in  the  attack  made  afterwards  upon  our  left." 

The  regiment  spent  the  day  until  about  4  or  5  o'clock  P. 
M.  in  guarding  batteries  and  listening  to  the  terrible  onsets  of 
battle  in  other  parts  of  the  field.  It  is  always  trying  for  troops 
to  remain  inactive  and  unprotected  upon  a  battlefield  sub- 
ject to  a  fierce  artillery  fire.  Notwithstanding  the  terribly  ex- 
hausting experience  of  the  preceding  5  days  our  troops  dis- 
played great  enthusiasm.  Their  determination  and  staying 
qualities  were  manifest  by  cheer  after  cheer  that  echoed  and 
re-echoed  along  the  whole  line.  About  5  o'clock  P.  M,  the 
enemy  opened  on  our  left  with  the  full  force  of  his  artillery. 
For  nearly  one  hour  the  air  was  filled  with  whizzing  shot  and 
bursting  shells.  Several  casualties  occurred  in  the  regiment 
at  this  time  while  prone  upon  the  earth  awaiting  orders.  What 
followed  is  graphically  described  in  the  report  of  Lieut.  Col. 
Rice. 

"For  two  hours  the  brigade  calmly  and  firmly  endured  the  sever- 
est fire  of  shell,  grape,  canister,  shrapnel  and  round  shot,  without 
a  man  leaving  the  ranks  save  those  who  were  wounded.  About  5 
o'clock  in  the  afternoon  the  enemy  attacked  the  left  of  our  line  with 
great  vigor  and  the  General  moved  up  the  83d  Penn.  and  i6th  Mich. 
to  support  certain  batteries  in  front,  and  soon  afterwards  the  Forty- 
Fourth  N.  Y.  was  ordered  to  deploy  and  prepare  for  action.  At  this 
time  while  the  musketry  fire  of  the  enemy  was  terrific  and  he  seemed 
to  be  successfully  advancing  against  all  opposition,  the  bugle  sound 
of  the  3d  Brigade  to  charge  was  heard  above  the  din  of  battle.  The 
Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  Volunteers  was  ordered  to  advance.  *  *  * 
Onward  the  Forty-Fourth  marched  in  regular  line  of  battle,  with 
its  colors  far  advanced,  passing  line  after  line  of  our  troops,  who 
loudly  cheered  our  flag  as  we  steadily  and  firmly  pressed  on,  till  at 


88         44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vm.  Malvern  Hill.  July  i,  1862] 

length  beyond  the  extreme  front  of  our  forces  and  within  100  yards 
of  the  enemy,  the  regiment  was  ordered  to  charge  bayonets  upon  his 
line.  Scarcely  had  the  regiment  charged  50  yards  towards  the  enemy 
before  his  lines  broke  and  fell  back,  leaving  his  colors  upon  the  field 
soma  20  on  30  yards  in  front  of  our  regiment.  A  dozen  officers  and 
soldiers  sprang  forward  from  our  ranks  to  seize  them  when  a  Ser- 
geant of  the  83d  Penn.  (which  regiment  we  had  passed  on  our  right 
in  the  charge)  *  *  *  rushed  forward  and  running  across  the  en- 
tire right  wing  of  our  regiment  outstripped  all  his  competitors  in 
the  race,  seized  the  colors  and  bore  them  off. 

Another  brigade  of  the  enemy  was  now  advancing  toward  us. 
My  command  was  ordered  to  halt  and  commence  firing.  For  nearly 
half  an  hour  the  regiment  held  this  brigade  at  bay  by  its  constant  and 
unerring  fire.  *  *  *  'p^g  Forty-Fourth  entered  this  engagement 
with  225  men.  Its  loss  was  11  killed,  84  wounded  and  4  missing. 
Among  the  wounded  were  Captain  Schaffer  and  First  Lieut.  Wood- 
worth,   the  latter  mortally. 

I  desire  especially  to  commend  to  the  most  favorable  notice  of 
the  General  Commanding  the  gallant  conduct  of  Private  James  B. 
Hitchcock  of  Company  K,  who,  after  4  color  bearers  had  been  shot 
down,  asked  permission  to  carry  the  colors,  and  though  subsequently 
wounded  twice,  refused  to  resign  the  flag  into  any  other  hands  than 
those  of  the  Commanding  Officer  who  had  entrusted  it  to  him.  I 
would  also  call  the  attention  of  the  General  to  the  gallant  and  faith- 
ful conduct  on  the  field  of  battle  of  Corporal  Blasdell  of  Company  H, 
who  was  shot  in  the  arm  early  in  the  action  and  was  urged  by  his 
Captain  to  go  to  the  rear,  but  he  preferred  to  remain  when  he  was 
struck  in  the  head  and  face  by  the  enemy's  balls  and  fell  supposing  him- 
self mortally  wounded.  Lying  upon  the  ground,  he  bade  his  Captain 
farewell  and  told  him  to  say  to  his  parents  that  he  died  in  a  good 
cause.  Afterwards  recovering  from  the  first  shock  he  walked  from 
the  field  of  battle  during  the  night  to  Harrison's  Landing,  carrying  his 
musket  and  straps  and  delivered  them  into  the  hands  of  his  Captain, 
with  request  that  he  would  preserve  the  same  until  he  should  be  able 
to  return  to  duty.  I  would  also  commend  to  the  notice  of  the  General 
the  good  conduct  of  the  following  officers,  non-commissioned  officers 
and  soldiers  during  the  engagement:  Captains  Conner,  Larabee,  Schaf- 
fer  and  Danks ;  Lieutenants  :  Woodworth,  Nash,  Weber,  and  Herenden ; 
Sergeants:  Russell,  Dunham,  Rexford,  Thomas,  Johnson,  Sentell, 
Weaver,  Campbell,  Mason  and  Hatch;  Corporals:  Hillebrandt,  Wilbur, 
Kinney,  Longwell,  Harris,  Whitbeck  and  St.  John;  Privates:  Watson, 
Ferris,  Pabodie,  Skinner,  Wood,  Burnett,  McClanethan,  Case,  Buck, 
Angus,  Ferguson,   Seeley,   Oliver,  Damms,  Duff  and  Wendell." 

The  foregoing  are  extracts  copied  from  the  official  report 
of  Lieut.  Col.  Rice.  The  account  would  be  incomplete  with- 
out adding  somewhat  to  the   description   therein   contained. 


F« 


r^^^^S^-:yy^.^:^^ii'--^:^i^V>^^-^:-:>'m'rf!^>mK 


CHARLES    WARREN    GIBBS. 

Of  English  parents,  came  of  Revolutionary  stock,  his  grandmother, 
Eunice  Hinckley,  having  been  a  niece  of  General  Warren  who  was 
killed  at  Bunker  Hill ;  father,  Samuel  W.  Gibbs,  born  at  Litchfield, 
Conn. ;  mother,  Harriet  Hinckley,  born  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  where  the 
subject  of  this  sketch,  one  of  their  ten  children,  was  born  Nov. 
8,  i'838. 

He  was  selected  to  represent  his  (Albany)  ward  in  this  regiment, 
was  mustered  in  as  2d  Lieutenant  of  Company  F,  Aug.  17,  1861  and 
as  Captain  of  Company  I,  Dec.  24,   1862. 

He  was  with  the  regiment  in  all  battles  from  siege  of  Yorktown 
to  Gettysburg ;  was  severely  wounded,  captured  and  paroled  at  Second 
Bull  Run,  Aug.  30,  1862  and  carried  his  left  arm  in  a  sling  in  all 
subsequent  battles.  On  account  of  wounds  he  was  transferred  to  the 
21  st  Regiment  Vet.  Res.  Corps  and  was  in  active  field  service  in  resist- 
ing Early"s  raid  on  Washington,  July.  1864.  Honorably  discharged 
April  II,'  1866.  He  was  married  to  Eliza  W.  White  of  Providence, 
R.  L.  and  thev  now  reside  at   Brooklvn.  N.  Y. 


PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


ASTC?R,  LENOX 
TILDEN  FOUNDATIONS 


,^jB«H^:::5^5^r-c 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        89 

[Chap.  Vm.  Malvern  Hill.  July  i,  1862] 

Just  before  the  charge  the  Brigade  Bugler  came  down  just  to 
the  rear  of  the  regiment  and  sounded  a  bugle  call.  Lieut. 
Col.  Rice,  who  was  sitting  upon  the  ground,  said :  "Bugler  what 
is  that?"  He  replied:  "The  General,  sir,  told  me  to  sound 
the  charge."  Lieut.  Col.  Rice  sprang  to  his  feet,  drew  his 
sword,  and  commanded,  "Forty-Fourth  fall  in."  The  regi- 
ment was  in  line  in  a  moment.  Lieut.  Col.  Rice  then  said: 
"Forty-Fourth,  I  want  you  to  charge  today  as  you  never 
charged  before."  The  regiment  then  advanced.  It  appeared 
to  advance  independently  of  any  other  troops.  While  thus 
advancing,  commingling  with  the  terrible  din  and  carnage  of 
battle  the  voice  of  Lieut.  Col.  Rice  could  be  heard  shouting, 
"Men  we  are  Christians  and  we  can  die."  This  strange 
episode  in  battle  is  understood  to  have  called  from  a  member 

of  Company  H,  "I  don't  see  what  the  H 1  is  the  use  of 

his  saying  that  for  we  are  dying  fast  enough." 

While  at  the  farthest  point  at  the  front  reached  by  the  regi- 
ment there  were  no  troops  on  its  right  or  left,  the  enemy  were 
driven  back  in  confusion  and  there  held  at  bay  as  long  as  the 
ammunition  lasted.  Several  of  the  enemy  appeared  on  our 
right  rear  and  som.e  of  our  file  closers  were  seen  to  face  in 
that  direction  and  deliver  some  well  directed  shots.  This  phase 
of  the  battle  was  called  to  the  attention  of  the  writer  by 
Sergeant  Darling  of  Company  H.  After  the  ammunition  was 
all  exhausted  the  regiment  was  faced  to  the  rear,  deliberately 
marched  back  in  good  order,  and  re-formed  on  the  left  of  the 
83d  Penn.  The  shadows  of  night  and  the  dense  smoke  of  bat- 
tle enveloped  the  field,  long  before  the  fighting  of  infantry 
ceased.  The  line  of  blaze  of  the  enemy's  fire  afforded  the 
only  target  for  our  troops.  When  relieved  the  regiment 
marched  to  the  rear.  At  the  close  of  the  battle  the  enemy  had 
been  everywhere  overwhelmingly  repulsed. 

Lieut.  Col.  Rice  in  his  report,  states  that  the  regiment  en- 
tered the  engagement  with  225  men.  It  is  believed  that  num- 
ber covered  the  entire  total  reported  for  duty  and  included 
many  not  in  the  fighting  Hne.  The  writer  was  Acting  Adjutant 
at  the  time  and  has  in  his  possession  data  from  which  the 
official  report  was  made.  While  the  data  referred  to  do 
not  in  terms  tell  the  number  actually  engaged,  they  do  show 
that  the  killed,  wounded  and  missing  numbered  99  as  stated 


90         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Vm.  Retreat  from  Victory.  July  2,  1862] 

by  Lieut.  Col.  Rice  and  also  states  that  there  were  left  only 
98  muskets  in  the  entire  regiment.  It  is  the  writer's  recollec- 
tion, confirmed  by  the  above  data,  that  the  regiment  took  into 
battle  200  muskets.  In  the  report,  quoted  above,  it  was  stated 
that  Lieut.  Woodworth  was  mortally  wounded.  This,  happily, 
proved  not  to  be  the  case.  While  fearfully  wounded  and  his 
face  disfigured  he  has  lived  to  enjoy  many  useful,  happy  years. 
This  gallant  officer  was  obliged  to  leave  the  service,  however, 
on  account  of  disability  sustained  in  this  battle. 

There  is  another  incident  connected  with  the  report  of 
Lieut.  Col.  Rice  that  may  be  of  interest  to  recall.  It  is  as 
follows : 

"Nor  would  I  forget  to  mention  here  the  most  gallant  conduct  of 
Major  Barnum  of  the  12th  N.  Y.  Vols.,  who  constantly  exposed  his 
life  to  gain  information  as  to  the  position  of  the  enemy  during  the 
day.  This  gallant  officer  now  sleeps  in  death.  He  fell  mortally 
wounded  at  the  head  of  his  regiment  on  the  first  instant.  His  last 
words  were,  'My  wife,  My  boy,  My  country's  flag.'  The  thousand 
streams  of  the  Peninsula  are  red  with  the  best  blood  of  the  North, 
but  none  are  crimsoned  with  purer  or  nobler  than  that  which  flowed 
from  his  heart — a  heart  entirely  devoted  to  his  country." 

A  few  days  later  it  was  learned  that  Major  Barnum  was 
not  killed  but  a  prisoner  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  When 
Lieut.  Col.  Rice  was  informed  of  this  fact,  referring  to 
his  report,  he  said :  "Well,  what  I  lost  in  fact  I  made  up  in 
rhetoric."  The  fighting  of  the  day  being  over,  a  detail  was 
sent  to  care  for  the  dead  and  wounded.  Many  brave,  noble 
men  fought  here  their  last  fight.  Quite  late  at  night  the 
survivors,  not  sent  out  on  the  detail,  lay  down  as  heretofore 
without  tents  or  blankets,  to  sleep,  not  having  had  anything 
to  eat  since  morning.  Fatigue  overcame  the  pangs  of  hunger 
and  the  opportunity  to  rest  was  promptly  utilized. 

After  2  or  3  hours  sleep  and  about  i  o'clock  A.  M.  of  July 
2d  the  regiment  was  awakened  from  sleep  and  ordered  to 
march.  It  was  then  learned  for  the  first  time  that  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac  was  moving  from  Richmond  instead  of  to- 
wards it.  No  army  ever  experienced  greater  humiliation. 
Darkness  concealed  the  evidences  of  its  grief.  The  patience, 
endurance  and  bravery  of  the  army  had  been  superb.  The 
blame  did  not  rest  with  the  rank  and  file.  Where  did  it  rest? 
We  were  leaving  a  victorious  field  and  retreating  before  a 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        91 

[Chap.  Vin.  Harrison's  Landing.  July  2,  1862] 

defeated  army.  Our  gallant  dead  and  wounded  were  left 
in  the  hands  of  the  enemy.  Many  years  have  intervened 
but  the  humiliation  and  unfruitful  result  of  that  campaign 
still  remain.  About  daylight  on  that  direful  occasion  a  heavy 
rain  storm  set  in  which  continued  during  the  rest  of  the  day 
and  the  following  night.  The  rain  fell  in  torrents,  the  mud 
grew  deeper  and  deeper,  and  still  the  Army  of  the  Potomac 
moved  slowly  towards  its  new  base  on  the  James  River.  The 
feeble  attacks  of  the  enemy  on  our  rear  guard  were  suc- 
cessfully resisted.  About  9  o'clock  A.  M.  we  came  to  a  halt 
in  a  grain  field.  Rations  were  soon  issued  and  the  hunger  that 
had  lingered  more  or  less  acutely  during  the  past  7  days  was 
stayed.  More  time  was  required  to  recuperate  from  excessive 
exposure  and  fatigue.  The  opportunity  came  at  last  but  con- 
veniences were  quite  limited.  The  problem  was  presented  as 
to  how  to  construct  a  protection  from  rain  and  mud  with  a 
limited  number  of  fence  rails,  poles  and  sheaves  of  grain. 
These  were  the  only  materials  at  hand  and  ingenuity  was  taxed 
to  its  limit.  The  day  wore  away,  night  came  and  still  it 
rained.  Neither  tattoo  nor  taps  were  required  to  quiet  the 
camp.  To  cease  moving  was  the  only  necessary  condition  to 
induce  sleep.  When  sunshine  reappeared,  clothing  was  dried 
which  added  materially  to  the  comfort  of  the  situation.  Regular 
rations  were  issued  but  there  was  a  lack  of  tents  and  blankets. 
On  the  4th  day  of  July,  our  National  holiday,  a  salute  was 
fired.  Preparations  were  made  for  General  McClellan  to  re- 
view the  army.  Other  duties,  however,  demanded  his  atten- 
tion and  other  arrangements  were  made.  General  Martin- 
dale's  Brigade  marched  in  review  past  our  brigade,  after 
which  General  Martindale,  seated  in  his  saddle,  made  a  short, 
eloquent  and  patriotic  address,  in  which  he  highly  praised  the 
conduct  of  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  at  the  battle  of  Hanover 
C.  H.  when  under  his  command.  As  soon  as  the  army  reached 
Harrison's  Landing  Col.  Stryker  sent  in  his  resignation  which 
was  promptly  accepted  on  the  7th.  He  had  failed  to  meet  the 
expectations  of  the  regiment,  its  promoters  and  friends.  Presi- 
dent Lincoln  reviewed  the  5th  Corps  in  the  evening  of  July 
8th.  He  expressed  amazement  and  much  feeling  when  the 
remnant  of  the  Forty-Fourth  was  pointed  out  to  him.  In  his 
lifetime  Col.   Conner  frequently  referred  to  the   President's 


92         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  vm.  Harrison's  Landing.  July,  i86a] 

expression  of  sorrow  on  seeing  the  regiment.  On  the  3d  day 
of  July  President  Lincoln  sent  a  dispatch  to  the  General  com- 
manding and  among  other  things  said:  "I  am  satisfied  that 
yourself,  officers  and  men,  have  done  the  best  you  could.  All 
accounts  say  better  fighting  never  was  done." 

General  McClellan,  in  his  report,  after  the  battle  of  Mal- 
vorn  Hill  says: 

"This  closed  the  hard  fighting  which  had  continued  from  the  after- 
noon of  the  26th  ultimo,  in  a  daily  series  of  engagements  wholly  un- 
paralleled on  this  continent  for  determination  and  slaughter  on  both 
sides." 

General  Porter,  in  his  report,  of  the  Seven  Days  battle, 
says: 

"I  can  not  close  without  a  tribute  in  general  terms  to  the  gallant 
officers  and  men  who  have  day  after  day  contended  successfully  against 
immense  odds  in  severe  battles,  made  long  marches,  endured  exposure, 
fatigue  and  hunger  without  a  murmur;  and  patiently  awaited  attack 
of  the  immense  forces  of  the  enemy  pouring  upon  us.  This  gallant 
band  has  on  three  occasions  withstood  the  brunt  of  attack  of  the  main 
forces  of  the  enemy  and  finally  driven  him  from  the  field  when  ex- 
pecting success  to  crown  his  efforts." 

General  Morell,  in  his  report  of  ist  Division  covering  the 

same  dates,  says: 

"I  can  not  speak  too  highly  of  the  endurance  and  courage  dis- 
played by  officers  and  men  during  the  period  embraced  in  this  report. 
From  the  moment  we  were  summoned  to  Mechanicsville  till  we  ar- 
rived at  Harrison's  they  were  constantly  on  the  alert  and  though 
without  shelter,  and  at  times  without  food,  they  responded  with  the 
utmost  alacrity  to  every  call  to  duty." 

On  reaching  Harrison's  Landing  General  Butterfield  is- 
sued a  circular  of  which  the  following  is  a  copy : 

"Headquarters    Butterfield's    Brigade. 
Morell's  Division. 
Harrison's   Landing,   July   7.    1862. 
Brave  Soldiers  of  the  Third  Brigade: 

It  is  with  no   ordinary  pride  that  your   General   promulgates   to 
you  General  Orders  No.  4  from  the  headquarters  of  the  army  corps. 
Your  bravery  and  gallantry  have  won  my  love  and  you  are  as 
dear  to  me  as  brothers. 

Let  the  spirit  and  the  pride  which  have  always  distinguished  you 
be  renewed  and  redoubled.  Your  children's  children  will  be  proud  of 
your  noble  acts  and  your  country  will  love  you. 


CHARLES    D.    GRANXIS. 

Born  March  17,  1840,  at  Fredonia,  N.  Y.,  enlisted  at  Brocton,  N.  Y., 
and  joined  Company  A.  44th  N.  Y.  at  Buffalo,  Aug.  7.  1861  ;  joined 
the  regiment  at  Albany  and  was  transferred  to  Company  H,  Sept, 
19,  1861  ;  assisted  in  enlisting  Company  H  ;  promoted  to  First  Sergeant 
Sept.  20,  1861  ;  Second  Lieutenant,  Nov.  30.  1862;  First  Lieutenant,  Dec. 
31,  1862;  Captain  of  Company  B,  Sept.  i,  1863;  mustered  out  with 
Regiment  at  Albany,  Oct.  11,  1864.     Died  at  Alamo,  Mich..  Jan.  12,  1901. 

He  was  captured  at  the  Battle  of  Gaines  Mills,  Va.,  June  2J,  1862, 
and  confined  in  Libby  Prison,  Richmond,  Va.,  until  paroled. 

A  fellow  soldier,  whom  he  nursed  back  to  life  and  cared  for  through 
terrible  experiences  while  both  were  confined  in  Libby  Rebel  Prison, 
mentions  him  as  a  brave  and  faithful  soldier  and   friend. 


(public  ^ 


OT-OR    LENOX 

r^  FOUNDATIONS' 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        93 

[Chap.  Vm.  Shelled  Across  James  River.  July  31,  i86a] 

Let  every  one,  officers  and  men,  make  renewed  exertions ;  and 
let  the  next  call  to  arms  find  the  brigade  as  it  always  has  heretofore, 
unflinching,  unfaltering,  devoted  to  the  country  and  the  honor  of  its 
flag. 

Let  the  proud  recollection  of  the  glorious  names  your  banners 
will  bear  redouble  your  strength  and  zeal,  so  that  as  heretofore  you 
will  equal  twice  the   number  of  the  enemy. 

By  Command  of  Brig.  Gen.  Butteefield. 
Thomas  J.  Hoyt, 
Asst.  Adj.  Genl." 

In  his  report,  General  Butterfield  said :  "It  is  with  mingled 
feelings  of  sorrow  and  pride  that  I  close  this  report.  The 
plains  of  Hanover,  the  banks  of  the  Chickahominy,  the  heights 
of  Malvern  are  wet  with  the  blood  of  the  gallant  dead  of  the 
brigade." 

In  the  engagements  known  as  the  Seven  Days  Battles  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  was  composed  of  four  army  corps  in 
which  the  casualties  aggregated  15,849  and  of  this  number  the 
5th  Corps  alone  sustained  a  loss  of  7,601  or  nearly  one-half  of 
the  entire  loss. 

On  reaching  Harrison's  Landing  the  army  was  in  need  of 
rest,  rations,  tents  and  blankets.  The  5th  Corps  was  placed 
in  reserve  and  had  little  to  do  except  camp  duty.  Its  camp 
was  not  far  from  the  North  banks  of  the  James  River.  In  the 
middle  of  the  night  on  July  31st  the  enemy  placed  43  pieces 
of  artillery  on  the  South  bank  of  the  river,  opposite  our  camp 
and  opened  upon  our  army  a  brisk  cannonade.  An  unexpected 
attack  at  such  an  unseasonable  hour  had  the  effect  to  create 
much  excitement.  This  was  more  noticeable  among  non- 
combatants  and  camp  followers.  Presently  our  artillery  and 
gunboats  got  into  position  and  made  it  so  uncomfortable  for 
the  enemy  that  they  were  glad  to  get  away.  The  next  morning 
some  of  our  troops  were  sent  across  the  river  and  so  placed 
as  to  prevent  another  such  attack.  On  the  4th  day  of  August 
the  3d  Brigade  crossed  to  the  South  side  of  the  river  and  re- 
mained 5  days.  We  were  encamped  upon  the  plantation  of 
Edmund  Ruffin.  This  plantation  was  a  large  one,  well  man- 
aged and  cultivated.  It  bore  evidences  of  thrift  and  luxu- 
rious living.  There  were  chickens,  pigs,  turkeys,  potatoes, 
green  com  and  different  kinds  of  fruit  without  price  and  in 
quantities  to  suit  the  taker.    Had  it  not  been  for  that  midnight 


94         44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  VIII.  Ruflin's  Plantation.  Aug.  4,  1862] 

attack  this  pleasant  entertainment  would  not  have  been  ex- 
perienced. While  there  was  an  order  in  force  against  foraging, 
Col.  Rice  was  heard  to  remark:  "Boys,  you  know  the  orders 
against  foraging,  but  if  you  catch  a  pig  don't  let  him  squeal." 
There  was  a  rumor  circulated  through  our  camp  that  a  cow 
became  so  attached  to  the  troops  that  she  actually  followed 
them  in  their  return  to  the  North  side  of  the  river.  Another 
version  of  the  affair  was  that  the  attachment  of  the  cow  to 
the  regiment  was  due  to  the  gentle  urging  of  "Faithful  Jim," 
the  enterprising  negro  servant  of  a  Lieutenant  of  Co.  L  The 
cow  proved  to  be  a  valuable  asset  to  our  regimental  hospital. 
After  5  days  of  restful  duty  and  high  living  return  was  made 
to  the  North  side  of  the  river  and  to  the  usual  army  rations  of 
hard  tack  and  pork. 

Schreiber's  Band  was  regularly  mustered  in  at  Albany,  N. 
Y.,  on  the  14th  day  of  September,  1861.  It  had  the  reputation 
of  being  one  of  the  finest  bands  in  the  State  of  New  York. 
It  was  an  attractive  feature  on  all  public  occasions.  It  never 
failed  to  respond  in  an  efficient  and  cheerful  manner  whenever 
called  upon.  On  leaving  Albany  Schreiber's  Band  led  the 
regiment  in  its  march  from  the  barracks  to  the  boat  landing, 
through  the  streets  of  New  York  and  along  the  famous  Penn- 
sylvania Avenue  in  Washington.  Everywhere  it  received  gen- 
erous applause.  During  the  winter  of  1861-2  it  frequently 
cheered  and  enlivened  the  camp  with  delightful  music.  Our 
dress  parades,  conducted  by  that  typical  soldier,  Adjutant  Knox, 
supplemented  by  the  ever-creditable  cooperation  of  the  band, 
were  unique  and  of  a  superior  order. 

The  band  led  the  way  when  the  regiment  marched  into  the 
fortified  works  at  Yorktown.  It  never  missed  an  opportunity 
to  cheer  and  encourage  the  troops  during  the  Seven  Days' 
battle  in  front  of  Richmond.  In  the  midst  of  disaster,  sorrow 
and  gloom,  on  the  4th  day  of  July,  1862,  it  did  not  fail  to 
kindle  anew  heroic  purpose  by  its  lofty  patriotic  strains.  It 
was  mustered  out  on  the  loth  day  of  July,  1862,  at  Harrison's 
Landing.  Its  departure  seemed  like  losing  an  old  and  valued 
friend.  Is  it  not  within  the  realms  of  faith  to  believe  that 
all  the  dear  and  tried  comrades,  in  the  near  bye  and  bye  may 
again  assemble  on  the  eternal  camping  ground  at  a  dress  parade, 
conducted  by  the  much-loved  Knox  and  thrilled  by  the  inspir- 
ing music  of  Schreiber's  superb  band? 


44  th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        95 

[Chap.  IX.  Return  from  the  Peninsula.  Aug.  14,  1862] 


CHAPTER  IX. 

THE  ARMY   LEAVES   THE   PENINSULA — BATTLE  OF   SECOND 
BULL   RUN. 

General  Lee,  surmising  that  movements  connected  with 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  indicated  an  intention  to  abandon 
the  Peninsula,  started  the  bulk  of  his  army  North  to  over- 
whelm Pope  before  reinforcements  could  reach  him.  At  5 
o'clock  P.  M.  on  the  14th  day  of  August,  General  Porter  re- 
ceived orders  to  move  with  his  corps.  About  8  or  9  o'clock 
that  same  evening,  the  corps  struck  camp  and  was  on  the  march. 
Troops  moved  about  half  a  mile  and  bivouacked  for  the  night. 
At  3  o'clock  the  next  morning,  march  was  resumed  and  con- 
tinued during  the  day,  crossing  the  Chickahominy  River  on 
a  pontoon  bridge,  and  halting  for  the  night  about  one  mile 
from  the  river.  Before  halting  for  the  night  the  regiment  had 
marched  21  miles.  An  early  start  was  made  on  the  morning 
of  the  i6th  and  Williamsburg  was  reached  about  3  o'clock  P. 
M.,  a  march  of  12  miles  having  been  made.  The  balance  of  the 
day  was  spent  in  visiting  the  town  and  the  field  on  which  was 
fought  the  hotly  contested  battle  of  May  6th.  There  were 
to  be  seen  many  evidences  of  battle.  Williamsburg  is  the 
location  of  William  and  Mary  College,  the  oldest  college  in 
the  U.  S.  except  Harvard.  The  regiment  was  again  on  the 
march  at  an  early  hour  on  the  morning  of  the  17th.  The 
weather  was  hot  and  the  roads  were  dusty.  Yorktown  was 
reached  about  3  130  P.  M.,  and  having  marched  12  miles  the 
regiment  went  into  bivouac  on  the  same  grounds  occupied  by 
it  during  the  siege.  Capt.  W.  H.  Revere  of  Company 
C,  was  Provost  Marshal  at  this  place.  Bright  and  early 
the  next  morning  the  regiment  resumed  its  march  to  Hamp- 
ton, which  place  was  reached  about  5  o'clock  P.  M. 
troops  having  marched  about  24  miles.  We  again  encamped 
on  our  old  camp  ground,  occupied  before  starting  up  the 
Peninsula.  Many  battles  had  been  fought,  many  brave  men 
had  been  lost  by  disease  and  in  battle,  much  toil  and  fatigue 


96         44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  IX.  Fortress  Monroe.  Aug.  19,  1863] 

had  been  endured  and  no  appreciable  gain  had  been  made  in 
the  suppression  of  the  infamous  rebellion.  Early  in  the  morn- 
ing of  Tuesday,  the  19th  day  of  August,  we  were  again  on 
the  march  and  reached  Newport  News  about  10  o'clock  A. 
M.  At  4  o'clock  P.  M.  the  regiment  embarked  on  the  steamer 
New  Brunswick,  steamed  down  to  Fortress  Monroe  and 
awaited  the  balance  of  the  brigade.  We  reached  Acquia  Creek 
about  8  o'clock  A.  M.  on  the  morning  of  the  20th,  and  im- 
mediately took  transportation  on  the  cars  for  Falmouth,  which 
place  was  reached  about  10  o'clock  A.  M.  Here  the  regiment 
went  into  bivouac.  About  5  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  August 
22d,  orders  were  received  and  the  Division  took  up  its  line 
of  march  along  the  banks  of  the  Rappahannock  River  and  con- 
tinued its  march  until  midnight.  From  this  time  until  the 
26th  our  movements  appeared  irregular  and  uncertain,  but 
along  or  near  the  river.  Kelley's  Ford  was  reached  on  the 
26th.  Teams  were  sent  back  from  this  point  to  Fredericksburg 
for  rations  and  forage.  All  who  were  sick  or  disabled  were 
also  sent  back.  About  midnight  on  the  day  the  teams  were 
sent  back,  orders  were  received  to  march  at  once  to  Bealeton 
Station  on  the  line  of  the  railroad.  It  became  necessary  to 
burn  or  destroy  everything  that  could  not  be  carried.  On  reach- 
ing the  latter  place  it  was  learned  that  the  enemy  had  inter- 
vened between  our  army  and  Washington,  that  they  had  cap- 
tured and  burned  cars  and  suppHes  and  torn  up  the  railroad 
track.  This  information  was  more  impressive  because  we 
were  separated  from  our  supply  train  and  rations  were  nearly 
consumed.  On  the  27th  near  Bealeton,  Lieut.  Herenden  was  de- 
tailed by  an  order  of  the  Division  Commander  to  return  over 
the  route  recently  traversed,  to  Fredericksburg,  with  instruc- 
tions to  gather  up  and  turn  back  all  stragglers,  sutlers  and 
camp  followers,  who  were  liable  to  be  captured  in  the  terri- 
tory recently  abandoned.  A  start  was  made  with  about  100 
sick  and  othewise  disabled  soldiers.  As  the  movement  pro- 
gressed many  accessions  were  made  to  the  number.  Falmouth 
was  reached  on  the  29th  with  a  large  disorganized  mass  of 
people,  horses,  mules,  including  a  great  variety  of  vehicles 
drawn  by  horses,  mules,  oxen  and  cows.  At  Falmouth  trans- 
portation was  taken  by  cars  to  Acquia  Creek,  thence  by  steamer 
to   Alexandria,   which   place  was   reached   on  the   31st.    At 


ADGATE  T.  GREGG. 

Was  born  in  1837  at  Dayton,  Cattaraugus  County,  New  York,  and 
always  resided  in  that  town,  except  four  years,  in  which  he  resided  in 
Missouri. 

He  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  on  Oct.  2,  1861,  and  served 
with  that  company  during  his  entire  enlistment.  He  was  promoted 
Corporal  Dec.  19,  1862,  was  appointed  color-guard  May  8.  1864  and 
soon  after  carried  the  colors  until  the  final  discharge  of  the  regiment. 

He  was  in  every  battle  in  which  the  regiment  was  engaged  except 
the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run.  He  was  present  for  duty  everv  day 
during  his  service  except  about  two  weeks  when  sick  with  erysipelas. 

In  1865  he  married  Philena  Johnson,  who  has  been  a  most  faithful 
and  devoted  wife.  They  have  four  children  :  Lizzie  M.  Hall,  Alethea 
M.  Volk,  Clara  S.  Pcrrin  and  George  Adgate  Gregg,  all  of  whom  are 
happily  married  and  enjoy  the  respect  of  all  who  know  them. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a  prosperous  farmer  who  enjoys  the 
confidence  and  respect  of  a  large  circle  of  friends  and  acquaintances. 
His  excellent  record  as  a  soldier,  his  pure  upright  life  as  a  man  and 
citizen  furnish  a  legacy  for  posterity  more  valuable  than  gold  or  silver. 


I     THE  NliW  YORK 
PUBLIC  LIBRARY 


ASTOR,  LENOX 
TILDEN  FCU^'DA•^ONS  \ 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY        97 

[Chap.  IX.  Relief  of  General  Pope.  Aug.  28,  1862] 

Camp  Convalescent  Lieut.  Herenden  turned  over  482  soldiers 
belonging  to  many  different  regiments  and  organizations. 
The  above  number  did  not  include  a  variety  of  persons  not  at- 
tached to  the  service.  It  is  doubtful  if  another  such  a  motley 
and  incongruous  array  was  witnessed  during  the  war.  At 
Bealeton  Station  General  Porter  got  into  communication  with 
General  Pope,  who  was  in  command  of  the  army  operating 
against  the  enemy.  The  Confederate  Army  had  out-manoeu- 
vered  the  armies  operating  on  the  line  of  the  Rappahannock 
and  passed  around  the  flank  of  the  troops  commanded  by 
General  Pope.  Before  this  time  there  had  been  an  army 
commanded  by  General  Banks,  an  army  commanded  by  Gen- 
eral Sigel,  an  army  commanded  by  General  McDowell,  and 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  commanded  by  General  McClellan. 
These  were  separate  commands  apparently  operating  with- 
out concert  of  action  and  contrary  to  well  established  mili- 
tary precedents. 

Perhaps  all  of  the  armies  have  not  been  here  named,  but 
enough  have  been  named  to  show  a  clear  violation  of  the 
well  settled  military  rule,  that  "to  invade  a  country  success- 
fully you  must  have  one  line  of  operations  and  one  army 
under  one  General."  The  situation  had  become  critical.  These 
separate  commands  were  hastily  thrown  together  to  contend 
with  a  compact,  well  organized  and  ably  commanded  army. 
Our  marching  was  continued  from  day  to  day  as  fast  and  far 
as  endurance  would  permit.  On  passing  along  the  railroad, 
it  was  apparent  that  the  devastating  hand  of  war  had  been 
at  work.  The  brigade  went  into  bivouac  on  the  night  of  the 
28th  of  August  at  Warrenton  Station.  Before  daylight  on 
the  morning  of  the  29th,  line  was  again  formed  and  the  march 
resumed.  At  this  time  all  rations  had  been  consumed.  The 
route  of  the  5th  Corps  was  in  the  direction  of  Groveton,  which 
place  was  reached  late  in  the  afternoon.  While  on  the  march, 
some  little  time  before  halting  for  the  day.  Col.  Rice  had  a 
conversation  with  Col.  Fred  T.  Locke,  General  Porter's  As- 
sistant Adjutant  General.  They  were  riding  side  by  side  Gen- 
eral Porter  on  the  right  of  Col.  Locke  and  with  the  writer, 
who  was  Acting  Adjutant,  riding  on  the  left  of  Col.  Rice. 
Col.  Rice  said:  "Locke,  are  we  expected  to  fight  today?" 
Locke  replied,  "Yes,  we  have  orders  to  that  effect."    Col.  Rice 


98         44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  IX.  Groveton.  Aug.  29,  1862] 

said :  "Why,  Locke,  my  men  are  in  no  condition  to  fight. 
They  are  entirely  out  of  rations  and  all  tired  out."  Locke  re- 
plied, "I  know  it.  It  is  too  bad,  but  it  can't  be  helped.  We 
have  positive  orders  to  attack  at  once." 

We  halted  somewhat  before  sundown  but  did  not  attack. 
There  was,  however,  some  brisk  cannonading  carried  on  at 
this  place.  The  line  of  dust  made  it  apparent  that  the  enemy 
were  on  the  march.  A  detail  from  the  regiment  was  made 
for  picket  duty  that  night. 

Capt.  Bourne  who  had  charge  of  the  picket  line  states: 
"Just  before  dark  on  the  29th  of  August  a  party  of  about 
20  men  under  my  command  was  ordered  on  picket  and  di- 
rected by  Col.  Rice  to  take  a  position  near  a  fence  about  50 
rods  in  front  of  the  regiment.  Soon  after  the  men  were  placed 
in  position,  (which  they  occupied  alone),  having  no  connec- 
tion with  other  pickets,  a  party  of  the  enemy  took  position 
just  over  the  fence.  As  they  approached  with  the  usual  chatter- 
ing talk  the  Forty-Fourth  party  were  cautioned  to  remain 
perfectly  silent. 

Their  line  extended  beyond  each  end  of  ours.  We  lay 
there  until  after  they  were  relieved.  As  daylight  approached 
and  our  regiment  had  been  moved  during  the  night  the  little 
party  was  marched  to  the  point  where  the  regiment  was  left 
and  taking  the  fresh  trail  fortunately  overtook  the  command 
just  as  the  first  shots  were  fired  at  the  smoke  where  our  boys 
were  preparing  to  roast  green  corn." 

Before  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the  30th  the  regiment 
started  on  the  march  without  withdrawing  its  pickets,  marched 
about  7  miles  and  halted  upon  the  field  where  the  first  battle 
of  Bull  Run  had  been  fought.  By  some  misunderstanding  of 
orders.  General  Morell,  commanding  our  Division,  with  his 
staff,  marched  to  Centerville,  followed  by  General  Grifiin  and 
his  Brigade.  This  left  General  Butterfield  in  command  of  the 
1st  and  3d  Brigades  of  our  Division,  and  Col.  Weeks  of  the 
I2th  N.  Y.  in  command  of  our  Brigade.  About  9  o'clock  A. 
M.  the  regiment  was  formed  in  support  of  a  battery  and  the 
position  assigned  was  such  that  it  was  exposed  to  a  brisk  fire 
of  the  enemy's  artillery.  Several  casualties  occurred  here. 
It  was  another  of  those  uncomfortable  positions,  where  troops 
were  required  to  remain  inactive  and  take  the  consequences. 


44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY        99 

(Chap.  IX.  Second  Bull  Run.  Aug.  30,  1863] 

The  shots  and  shells  of  the  enemy  would  go  plowing  through 
the  air,  buzzing,  shrieking  and  bursting,  more  or  less  elevated 
above  the  ground,  and  bearing  audible  evidence  of  their  de- 
structive nature.  Then,  again,  they  would  strike  the  ground 
with  great  force,  diverge  from  a  direct  line,  continue  in  a  new 
course  until  another  object  was  struck  when  their  courses 
would  again  change,  making  their  final  destination  very  uncer- 
tain and  carrying  havoc  in  their  irregular  trails.  Capt. 
Bourne  quite  graphically  describes  his  experience  while  in  this 
position.  He  related  that  he  saw  or  heard  one  of  those  shots 
coming  in  his  direction  with  its  nerve-racking,  unearthly 
screeching,  strike  the  ground  several  times  and  each  time 
bounce  off  in  a  new  direction  and  momentarily  approaching 
nearer;  that  he  first  dodged  his  head  one  way,  then  the  other, 
and  finally  decided  that  he  could  not  tell  where  the  d — d  thing 
was  coming  and  shut  up  his  eyes  and  said  to  himself  "Good 
bye,  old  Bourne,  you  will  be  an  angel  in  less  than  a  week." 

About  I  o'clock  P.  M.  the  Brigade  advanced  about  one-half 
of  a  mile  and  halted  in  a  piece  of  woods.  Two  companies  of  the 
Forty-Fourth  were  immediately  thrown  out  to  strengthen  the 
skirmish  line.  Before  advancing.  General  Butterfield,  com- 
manding the  Division,  called  the  officers  together  and  explained 
the  general  plan  of  the  battle.  The  right  of  the  general  line 
was  to  force  the  enemy  in  their  front,  while  the  left  was  to 
slowly  fall  back  and  thus  have  the  entire  line  of  battle  turn 
on  the  center  as  a  pivot.  By  this  movement  it  was  intended 
to  swing  the  army  around  so  as  to  establish  it  between  the 
enemy  and  Washington.  It  was  well  enough  to  understand 
the  general  plan,  but  a  regiment  is  such  a  small  part  of  a 
large  army  that  it  does  not  readily  appear  to  what  part  of  the 
plan  it  belongs.  About  3  o'clock  P.  M.  the  Brigade  was 
ordered  to  advance  and  attack  the  enemy.  When  the  line 
emerged  from  the  woods  it  encountered  a  fence  which  caused 
some  delay  and  temporary  confusion.  It  was  then  discovered 
that  the  infantry  of  the  enemy  was  formed  within  easy  mus- 
ket range,  in  a  railroad  cut,  with  a  considerable  embankment 
which  afforded  a  most  complete  protection.  Back  of  the  in- 
fantry upon  the  other  side  of  the  railroad  cut,  upon  higher 
ground,  many  pieces  of  artillery  were  placed.  After  passing 
the  woods  the  field  between  the  lines  was  level  and  unob- 


913615 


loo       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  IX.  Second  Bull  Run.  Aug.  30,  1862] 

structed.  The  entire  space  between  the  woods  and  the  rail- 
road cut,  occupied  by  the  enemy,  was  covered  by  their  artillery 
raking  the  whole  field  with  shot,  shell  and  canister.  Added 
to  this  was  the  terrible  murderous  fire  of  the  infantry.  On 
reaching  the  open  field,  after  correcting  alignments,  the  Bri- 
gade advanced  rapidly  on  a  charge.  The  assault  was  made 
with  great  spirit  and  determination.  The  Forty-Fourth 
reached  a  point  in  quite  close  proximity  to  the  line  of  the 
enemy,  successfully  diminishing  his  fire.  The  engagement 
had  lasted  about  one-half  of  an  hour  when  a  line  of  rebel  in- 
fantry was  discovered  advancing  on  our  right  apparently  un- 
opposed. Retreat  was  ordered,  and  the  fire  of  the  enemy  be- 
came more  brisk  and  destructive  than  before.  Our  troops 
suffered  severely  on  recrossing  the  open  field.  The  enemy  fol- 
lowed quite  closely  our  retreating  Brigade.  There  was  a  line 
of  regulars,  belonging  to  the  2d  Division  of  our  Corps,  lying 
upon  the  ground  in  the  woods,  which  waited  until  the  enemy 
had  approached  within  a  short  distance,  when  they  arose  and 
gave  them  a  deliberate  and  well-directed  volley  that  decimated 
their  ranks  and  sent  them  retreating  in  confusion.  Our  Brigade 
quickly  reformed  in  the  open  field  in  the  rear  of  the  woods. 
Col.  Conner  in  his  report,  which  was  not  made  until  after  the 
battle  of  Antietam,  states  that  the  regiment  entered  the  en- 
gagement with  12  officers  and  148  men,  that  the  casualties 
were  6  officers  wounded,  one  of  whom  was  taken  prisoner,  5 
enlisted  men  killed  and  60  wounded,  making  a  total  of  71.  It 
is  the  writer's  recollection  that  the  regiment  carried  into  the 
fight  only  140  muskets,  that  the  difference  between  this  state- 
ment and  Col.  Conner's  report  is  accounted  for  by  non-com- 
batants, belonging  to  the  command,  who  did  not  enter  the  en- 
gagement. According  to  Col.  Conner's  report  one-half  the  of- 
ficers were  wounded.  While  the  5th  Corps  had  only  2  Divi- 
sions engaged  its  casualties  were  greater  than  that  of  any  other 
Corps.  General  Sykes,  in  his  report,  says:  "Butterfield's  at- 
tack was  gallantly  made  and  gallantly  maintained  until  his 
troops  were  torn  to  pieces." 

Capt.  C.  W.  Gibbs  received  a  severe  wound  in  this  battle 
and  was  taken  prisoner.  Capt.  Larabee  was  also  wounded  by 
having  the  third  finger  on  his  right  hand  badly  shattered  and 
was  taken  to  Mt.  Pleasant  Hospital  in  Washington.    The  sur- 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      loi 

[Chap.  IX.  March  to  Centerville.  Aug.  31,  1862] 

geon  told  him  that  it  would  be  necessary  to  have  his  finger  am- 
putated, and  asked  him  if  he  would  take  chloroform.  He  re- 
plied, "No,  that  is  not  necessary."  He  sat  in  a  chair,  watched 
the  operation,  and  when  done  quietly  observed  that  it  hurt 
worse  than  he  thought  it  would,  and  that  if  he  were  going  to 
have  another  finger  amputated  he  would  take  something. 

The  3d  Brigade  soon  rallied  after  its  repulse  at  the  rail- 
road cut,  and  taking  up  a  new  position  again  presented  a  bold 
front  to  the  enemy.  For  more  than  two  days  it  had  marched 
and  fought  without  rations  and  for  a  much  longer  time  with 
a  very  little  rest.  Neither  defeat  nor  hunger  could  daunt  the 
spirit  of  heroism  which  inspired  the  men.  About  sundown 
General  Morell  returned  from  Centerville  whither  he  had  gone 
under  a  misapprehension  of  orders.  The  Commandants  of 
regiments  were  summoned  to  meet  him  and  General  Butter- 
field  and  when  convened  were  notified  to  march  to  Centerville, 
where  they  would  find  plenty  of  rations  and  an  opportunity  to 
rest.  It  was  a  tedious,  tiresome  march,  in  the  course  of  which 
it  became  necessary  to  ford  Bull  Run  Creek,  the  waters  of 
which  reached  nearly  to  the  waist.  The  legions  of  Xenophon 
were  not  more  elated  on  beholding  the  sea,  than  were  the  rem- 
nants of  the  3d  Brigade  on  beholding  the  heights  of  Center- 
ville. The  promised  rations  were  soon  distributed  and  a  mid- 
night repast  was  spread.  It  consisted  of  coffee  and  hard  tack. 
Keen  appetites  overbalanced  the  lack  of  quality  and  variety. 
A  drizzling  rain  augmented  the  gloom  of  the  night.  Inau- 
spicious conditions  did  not  dispel  the  inclination  to  sleep.  Re- 
pose followed  quickly  on  the  heels  of  subdued  appetites. 

After  remaining  at  Centerville  two  days,  the  Brigade  re- 
sumed its  march  to  the  rear.  Its  route  was  by  way  of  Chain 
Bridge  to  Halls  Hill,  which  place  was  reached  on  the  evening 
of  September  2d.  The  dififerent  regiments  of  the  Brigade  oc- 
cupied their  respective  camp  grounds,  which  they  had  va- 
cated on  the  lOth  day  of  the  preceding  March.  The  contrast 
was  appalling.  Since  striking  camp  on  the  loth  day  of  March, 
had  anything  been  accomplished?  If  so,  what  or  where?  If 
not,  where  was  the  fault?  These  questions  naturally  arose  at 
this  juncture,  but  it  is  not  within  the  province  of  this  work  to 
answer  them.  When  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  moved 
from  the  Peninsula  the  5th  Corps  passed  from  the  command 


I02       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  IX.  Return  to  HaU's  Hill.  Sept.  2,  1863] 

of  General  McClellan  to  that  of  General  Pope.  After  the 
battle  of  Second  Bull  Run  Gen.  McClellan  was  again  placed  in 
command.  About  this  time  Col.  Rice  was  obliged  to  leave  the 
regiment  on  account  of  ill  health  and  Lieut.  Col.  Conner  as- 
sumed command.  The  Brigade  remained  at  Halls  Hill  3  days 
when  it  moved  to  Alexandria  Seminary  where  a  well  laid  out 
camp  was  established  and  where  it  remained  until  the  9th. 
From  there  it  went  into  biv^ouac  at  Fort  Corcoran  where  it 
remained  until  the  12th. 


NOTE. 

The  map  of  Antietam  battlefield  on  the  reverse  of  this  leaf, 
locates  the  Confederate  lines  of  battle  on  the  i6th,  17th  and  i8th 
days  of  September,  1862.  On  the  i6th  and  17th  the  Federal 
forces  approached  from  the  eastward,  against  the  most  desperate 
resistance,  carried  the  bridges  and  fords  over  Antietam  Creek 
and  established  themselves  on  the  heights  beyond;  on  the  17th  the 
Confederates  were  driven  southwestwardly  from  their  first  to 
the  second  line,  and  during  the  night  of  the  iSth  were  allowed 
to  escape  across  the  Potomac. 

The  Potomac  river  is  located  about  half  a  mile  or  more  west- 
ward of  the  west  border  of  this  map  and  though  very  crooked 
its  general  direction  is  parallel  thereto. 


ANTIETANI    BATTLEFIELD.        September  le-l  7,  1 862. 


Scale,  i^  inches  =  I  mile. 


44  th  new  YORK   VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      103 

[Ctaap.  X.  Follow  the  Enemy  to  Maryland.  Sept.  12,  1862] 


CHAPTER  X. 

THE  ANTIETAM  CAMPAIGN. 

When  it  was  ascertained  that  the  Rebel  Army  was  moving 
into  Maryland  Gen.  McClellan  was  ordered  to  leave  force 
enough  to  defend  Washington  and  with  the  balance  of  the 
troops  pursue  and  bring  the  enemy  to  battle.  The  ist  Division 
remained  in  the  defenses  until  the  12th  when  it  was  ordered 
to  rejoin  the  army.  Before  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the 
1 2th  Morell's  Division,  supplied  with  three  days  rations,  started 
on  what  proved  to  be  the  Antietam  campaign.  About  this 
time  the  ii8th  Penn.  and  the  20th  Me.,  two  new  and  excellent 
regiments,  joined  our  Division,  the  former  being  assigned  to 
the  1st  Brigade  and  the  latter  to  the  3d  Brigade.  Hence- 
forth the  fortunes  of  the  20th  Me.  became  very  closely  iden- 
tified with  those  of  the  other  regiments  of  our  Brigade.  Its 
Colonel,  Adelbert  Ames,  was  graduated  from  West  Point  in 
May,  1 86 1,  and  served  through  the  Peninsula  campaign  as 
First  Lieutenant  of  the  5th  U.  S.  Artillery.  He  was  a  strict 
disciplinarian,  a  brave,  accomplished  and  faithful  officer.  The 
regiment  was  raised,  however,  under  the  superintendence  of 
Lieut.  Col.  Joshua  L.  Chamberlain,  who  was  a  professor  of 
high  standing  in  Bowdoin  College  and  who  was  granted  a  leave 
of  absence  to  enable  him  to  travel  in  Europe  and  took  it  to 
enter  the  army.  He  was  a  gentleman  of  high  scholastic  at- 
tainments, of  excellent  character  and  social  standing,  and 
made  an  enviable  record  as  a  soldier.  The  other  officers  and 
men  of  the  regiment  were  an  honor  to  the  State  and  Nation. 

Let  us  now  return  to  Morell's  Division  which  had  just 
started  on  the  Antietam  campaign.  On  leaving  the  defenses  of 
Washington  it  crossed  the  Potomac  at  the  Aqueduct  Bridge, 
passed  through  Georgetown,  Washington,  Rockville,  thence 
on  the  direct  route  to  Frederick  near  which  place  it  went  into 
bivouac  about  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  of  the  14th  of  Sep- 
tember. The  weather  was  pleasant,  the  country  through  which 
it  passed  was  beautiful  and  bore  evidences  of  thrift  and  pros- 


I04       44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  X.  Crampton's  Pass  and  South  Mountain.  Sept.  14,  1862] 

perity.  The  people  manifested  a  greater  degree  of  loyalty 
toward  the  Government  and  the  army  than  was  manifested  in 
the  State  of  Virginia.  The  changed  condition  was  truly  ex- 
hilarating. The  booming  of  cannon  in  the  direction  of  Har- 
per's Ferry  indicated  that  an  engagement  was  on.  The  rever- 
berating echoes  of  war  seemed  out  of  harmony  with  the  cul- 
tivated fields  and  the  quiet  homes  along  our  route.  On  the 
14th  were  fought  the  battles  of  Crampton's  Pass  by  the  6th 
Corps  and  South  Mountain  by  the  ist  and  9th  Corps.  Both 
were  important  and  decisive  victories  for  the  Union  troops. 
Gen.  Hooker  in  his  report  of  the  battle  of  South  Mountain, 
says :  "From  its  great  elevation  the  progress  of  the  battle  on 
this  part  of  the  field  was  watched  with  anxious  interest  for 
miles  around  and  elicited  the  applause  of  the  spectators. 
They  could  not  fail  to  notice  the  steadiness,  resolution  and 
courage  of  the  brave  officers  and  men  engaged."  We  passed 
through  Frederick  about  noon  on  the  15th  and  while  passing 
the  people  showed  many  manifestations  of  loyalty  and  devo- 
tion. A  halt  was  made  for  the  night  near  Middletown.  Early 
on  the  morning  of  the  i6th  Morell's  Division  resumed  its 
march.  Its  route  led  across  the  South  Mountain  battlefield. 
There  were  many  indications  that  an  important  battle  had 
been  fought.  It  was  now  apparent  that  the  army  was  concen- 
trating and  that  a  great  battle  was  imminent. 

Gen.  Porter,  in  his  report,  says :  "Morell's  Division  arrived 
about  noon  on  the  17th,  the  day  of  the  battle,  replaced  Rich- 
ardson's Division  in  support  of  the  batteries  on  the  right  of 
Antietam  bridge."  Here  it  remained  until  afternoon  when  the 
2d  and  3d  Brigades  were  dispatched  rapidly  to  the  right  to 
support  Gen.  Sumner's  Corps.  On  reaching  that  part  of  the 
field  the  emergency  under  which  the  order  was  made  had 
passed  and  after  dark  those  Brigades  returned  to  their  former 
positions.  The  5th  Corps  had  only  the  Divisions  of  Morell  and 
Sykes  on  the  field  during  the  battle.  Morell's  Division  was 
not  actually  engaged,  but  was  charged  with  the  important  duty 
of  maintaining  the  center  of  the  general  line,  behind  which 
was  massed  the  reserve  artillery,  the  ammunition  and  sup- 
ply trains  of  the  army.  The  plan  of  battle  was  for  the  Corps 
of  Hooker,  Mansfield  and  Sumner  to  attack  and  turn  the  Con- 
fedefate  left  flank;  and  in  the  event  that  Lee  should  detach 


.i[fe>!Ok. 


GEORGE    BOWEN    HERENDEN. 

Son  of  Ricluird  and  Elmina  Bowen  Herendeen  was  born  at  Newport,  Herkimer 
County,  N.  Y.,  December  21,  1837;  educated  in  Common  and  Academic  schools, 
studied  law  at  Joliet,  111.,  and  at  the  Albany  (N.  Y.)  University,  was  admitted 
to  the  Bar  in  i860  and  in  May,  1861  entered  Civil  War  service  as  a  private  of 
Co.  B,  10  N.  Y.  AI.  doing  Gnard  duty  at  the  Albany  Barracks;  August  16,  1861, 
enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  and  in  i86j  was  promoted  to  Ser- 
geant Major,  2d  Lieut.,  ist  Lieut.,  and  Adjutant;  served  in  the  field  until  Janu- 
ary 21,  1864,  when  detached  for  service  in  the  Department  of  the  East;  Post 
Adjt.  Elmira,  N.  Y..  Post  Q.  M.  Auburn,  N.  Y.,  and  Judge  Adv.  of  Gen'l' Court 
Martial,  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  until  October  11,  1864,  on  the  expiration  of  the  regi- 
ment's term  of  service,  when  he  was  honorably  mustered  out  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
Conduct  commended  in  Commander's  reports  of  battles  of  Hanover  Court  House 
and   Malvern   Hill,   \'a. 

Commenced  the  practice  of  law  at  Hannibal,  Mo.,  in  1865;  was  married  to 
Miss  Mary  E.  Royce  in  1878,  later  engaged  in  various  manufacturing  and  mer- 
cantile pursuits,  and  now  resides  at  Wilmette,  Cook  Co.,  111.  Comrade  of  Geo.  H. 
Thomas,  Post  No.  5  G.  A.  R.  (Chicago),  member  of  the  Western  Soc.  Army  of 
the  Potomac  and  Companion  of  the  Military  Order  of  the  Loyal  Legion  of  the 
United    States,    Illinois   Commandery. 

[His  family,  in  1866.  by  united  action,  modified  the  family  name  as  indicated 
above.] 


?  rr,,-r,       .-.     • 


PUBLF  Liisiv..i.Y 


ASTOR,  LENOX 
TILDEN  FCU1;D  '-TIOMS 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      105 

[Chap.  X.  Antietam.  Sept.  17,  1862] 

from  his  right  in  support  of  his  left,  Burnside  was  to  at- 
tack and  carry  the  right  of  the  Confederate  line.  Hooker's 
troops  were  in  position  and  opened  the  battle  at  daylight.  In 
the  outset  these  troops  steadily  advanced  carrying  everything 
before  them.  A  little  later  on  the  Corps  of  Mansfield  and 
Sumner  were  successively  drawn  into  the  battle.  The  contend- 
ing armies  fought  desperately.  Generals  Mansfield  and  Rich- 
ardson were  killed  and  Hooker  wounded.  In  order  to  resist 
the  terrible  assault  on  his  left  Lee  detached  from  other  parts 
of  his  line.  Burnside  was  ordered  to  attack  and  make  a  coun- 
ter movement  at  8  o'clock  A.  M.  to  relieve  the  situation  on  our 
right.  He  did  not  move  until  ii  o'clock  and  then  only  on  re- 
ceiving a  most  drastic  order.  He  then  quickly  carried  the 
bridge  over  the  Antietam  Creek  but  an  important  result  had 
failed.  Lee  had  been  enabled  to  detach  in  support  of  his  left 
and  an  unimpeded  passage  had  been  left  open  for  the  troops 
under  the  Confederate  General  Hill  to  reach  the  battlefield. 
It  should  be  stated,  however,  that  inferences  drawn  from  a 
subsequent  review  of  data,  sometimes  fail  to  reflect  actual  con- 
ditions existing  at  the  time.  Certain  it  is  that  the  battle  raged 
with  awful  fury  from  dawn  until  after  the  going  down  of  the 
sun.  Both  armies  fought  desperately.  The  casualties  on  the 
battlefield  of  Antietam  on  the  17th  day  of  September  were 
greater  than  those  of  any  other  single  day  during  the  Civil 
War.  Darkness  put  an  end  to  the  active  hostilities  of  the  day. 
The  survivors  of  the  Union  army  slept  on  their  arms  in  line 
of  battle,  ready  to  resume  operations  at  any  moment.  Details 
were  busy  under  cover  of  the  darkness  caring  for  the  wounded 
and  gathering  together  the  dead.  The  swath  of  war  was 
piled  high  with  the  brave,  loyal  devotees  of  our  Country  and 
flag.  Our  loss  was  12,410.  The  loss  of  the  Confederates  was 
12,601. 

Gen.  McClellan  in  his  report,  says : 

"Night  closed  the  long  and  desperately  contested  battle  of  the 
17th.  Nearly  200,000  men  and  500  pieces  of  artillery  were  for  14  hours 
engaged  in  this  memorable  battle.  We  had  attacked  the  enemy  in  a 
position  chosen  by  the  experienced  engineers,  then  in  person  directing 
their  operations.  We  had  driven  them  from  their  line  on  one  flank 
and  secured  a  footing  within  it  on  the  other.  Our  soldiers  slept  that 
night  conquerors  on  a  field  won  by  their  valor  and  covered  by  the 
dead  and  wounded  of  the  enemy." 


io6       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  X.  Antietam.  Sept.  19,  1862] 

The  morning  of  the  i8th  came.  Neither  army  advanced  to 
the  attack.  Morell's  Division  took  the  position  in  line  held  by 
Burnside's  Corps  on  the  evening  before.  In  his  report  Gen. 
McClellan  says: 

"The  i8th  was  spent  in  collecting  the  dispersed,  giving  rest  to 
the  fatigued,  removing  the  woundec',  burying  the  dead  and  the  neces- 
sary preparations  for  a  renewal  of  the  battle." 

When  daylight  of  the  19th  came  it  w^as  discovered  that 
the  enemy  had  retreated.  They  had  crossed  the  river  into 
Virginia.  Porter's  Corps  took  the  lead  in  pursuit  and  passed 
through  Sharpsburg.  The  buildings  shov^ed  the  effect  of  the 
battle.  The  Potomac  was  reached  at  Shepardstovi^n  Ferry, 
the  point  where  the  Confederate  Army  had  crossed.  The  op- 
posite banks  were  high  and  precipitous.  Along  the  banks  on 
the  North  side  was  the  Baltimore  and  Chesapeake  Canal,  out 
from  which  the  water  had  been  drained.  On  the  South  bank 
the  enemy  had  artillery  posted.  During  the  night  the  ist  and 
2d  Brigade  of  Morell's  Division  crossed,  captured  some  of  the 
guns,  moved  back  from  the  river  a  short  distance  and  halted. 
On  the  morning  of  the  20th  our  brigade  and  the  2d  Division 
were  ordered  to  cross.  While  in  the  act  of  fording  the  river, 
the  enemy  advanced  with  a  superior  force,  attacked  the  two 
brigades  that  had  already  crossed  and  drove  them  back  to  the 
river.  While  we  were  still  in  the  river  we  were  ordered  to 
return  and  take  position  in  the  canal  along  the  North  bank. 

The  bank  of  the  canal  afforded  a  breastwork  from  which 
our  brigade  did  good  execution  in  protecting  our  retreating 
troops.  Skirmishing  with  the  enemy  posted  along  the  South 
bank  of  the  river  was  kept  up  during  the  day  and  the  ferry 
was  closely  guarded  at  night.  Soon  as  our  own  troops  got  out 
of  the  way  our  artillery,  posted  on  the  North  bank,  made  it 
quite  unpleasant  for  the  enemy's  troops  posted  along  the  South 
bank.  Some  of  the  enemy  concealed  themselves  in  and  about 
an  old  building  standing  near  the  river,  known  as  the  Boteler's 
Mill,  from  which  they  kept  up  a  brisk  skirmish  fire.  Presently 
some  of  our  artillery  discovered  their  hiding  places  and  soon 
checked  their  operations.  Our  Division  suffered  a  loss  in  this 
affair  of  363  killed  and  wounded,  most  of  whom  belonged  to 
the  ist  and  2d  Brigades.  Skirmish  firing  was  kept  up  quite 
briskly  during  the  night.    The  5th  Corps  remained  here  several 


44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      107 

[Chap.  X.  Reviewed  by  President  Lincoln.  Oct.  i,  1862] 

days,  guarding  the  line  of  the  Potomac,  resting  and  obtaining 
suppHes.  It  had  been  quite  actively  engaged  in  battle  and 
marching  since  leaving  Harrison's  Landing  on  the  James  River 
until  after  the  engagement  at  Shepherdstown  Ford.  The  rest 
was  quite  acceptable  but  it  was  thought  in  some  circles  that  the 
full  fruits  of  the  victory  were  not  realized,  on  account  of  the 
failure  to  pursue  the  retreating  enemy. 

On  the  1st  day  of  October  President  Lincoln  visited  and 
reviewed  the  army,  remaining  until  the  4th.  He  viewed  the 
battlefields  of  Antietam,  South  Mountain  and  Crampton's 
Pass. 

The  hideousness  of  war  was  well  exemplified  by  the  bat- 
tlefield of  Antietam  after  the  battle.  The  wounded  of  the 
Union  army  and  those  of  the  enemy  within  our  lines  were 
taken  care  of  as  soon  as  possible  after  the  battle.  The  dead 
of  both  armies  were  buried  but  in  separate  trenches.  The 
burial  consisted  in  digging  a  long  trench,  wide  enough  to 
admit  the  bodies,  which  were  placed  side  by  side  and  covered 
over  with  earth. 

On  the  right  where  the  heaviest  fighting  occurred  the  field 
was  strewn  with  mutilated  muskets,  haversacks,  knapsacks, 
canteens,  cartridge  boxes  and  articles  of  clothing.  Scattered 
here  and  there  were  shot,  fragments  of  shells,  broken  gun 
carriages  and  caissons,  and  numberless  carcasses  of  dead 
horses.  The  buildings  within  the  zone  of  the  battle  were  per- 
forated and  mutilated  by  shot  and  shell.  The  ground  bore 
evidences  that  it  had  been  trampled  by  contending  troops  and 
plowed  by  the  tremendous  artillery  fire.  As  another  has  said 
in  describing  this  battlefield,  "No  matter  in  what  direction  he 
turned  it  was  the  same  shocking  picture,  awakening  awe  rather 
than  pity,  benumbing  the  senses  rather  than  touching  the  heart, 
glazing  the  eye  with  horror  rather  than  filling  it  with  tears. 
This  was  war  in  all  its  hideousness." 

On  the  7th  day  of  October  the  5th  Corps  relieved  the  9th 
Corps  and  Morell's  Division  was  stationed  at  Antietam,  which 
is  situated  near  the  point  where  the  Antietam  Creek  empties 
into  the  Potomac  River.  About  this  time  the  Confederate  Cav- 
alry under  General  Stuart  crossed  the  upper  Potomac  and 
proceeded  on  a  raid  around  the  Union  army.  Precautionary 
orders  were  given  to  our  troops,  guarding  the  fords  at  night. 


io8       44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  X.  New  Companies  C  and  E  Arrive.  Oct.  14,  1862] 

that  they  might  not  be  taken  by  surprise  in  his  attempt  to  force 
a  crossing  into  Virginia.  This  was  the  only  episode  disturbing 
our  quietude  during  the  month  of  October. 

While  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  recuperating  and 
guarding  the  line  of  the  Potomac,  the  Forty- Fourth  N.  Y.  was 
substantially  reinforced  by  the  accession  of  two  entire  new 
companies.  Companies  C  and  E  were  consolidated  with  other 
companies  of  the  regiment  and  the  new  companies  were  given 
those  letters  and  to  distinguish  them  from  the  former  com- 
panies they  were  spoken  of  as  "new"  companies  C  and  E. 
Company  C,  which  reached  us  on  the  14th  day  of  October,  was 
raised  principally  in  Yates  County.  Company  E,  which  reached 
us  on  the  23d  day  of  October,  was  raised  in  and  near  Albany 
and  most  of  its  members  came  from  the  Albany  Normal 
School,  and  were  also  known  as  the  Normal  School  Company. 
Thev  were  both  excellent  companies  and  by  their  subsequent 
service  proved  themselves  worthy  of  the  noble  regiment  whose 
fortunes  they  had  joined.  The  names  of  the  commissioned 
officers  and  Sergeants  of  Company  C  were  as  follows :  Bennett 
Munger,  Captain;  Elzor  B.  James,  First  Lieutenant;  Chas. 
Kelly,  Second  Lieutenant;  Orett  L.  Munger,  First  Sergeant; 
Royal  G.  Kinner,  2d  Sergeant;  George  E.  Henderson,  3d  Ser- 
geant; Samuel  J.  Powell,  4th  Sergeant;  John  O'Neil,  5th  Ser- 
geant. The  names  of  the  commissioned  officers  and  Sergeants 
of  Company  E  were  as  follows :  Rodney  G.  Kimball,  Captain ; 
William  Kidd,  ist  Lieutenant;  Albert  N.  Husted,  2d  Lieuten- 
ant; Sergeants,  Consider  H.  Willett,  Thomas  Dempsey,  R.  G. 
Warner,  James  O.  Blakeley,  Andress  B.  Hull. 

Capt.  Kimball  and  2d  Lieut.  Husted  of  Company  E  were 
professors  in  the  Albany  Normal  School  and  laid  aside  their 
worthy  calling  to  follow  the  flag  and  share  with  their  students 
the  vicissitudes  of  war.  The  regiment  had  become  decimated 
by  disease  and  battle  and  the  arrival  of  the  two  new  companies 
was  a  substantial  addition.  The  reception  given  the  new  com- 
panies was  not  very  cordial  as  the  old  members  manifested  a 
disposition  not  to  receive  them  into  full  fellowship  until  their 
metal  had  been  proved.  The  sequel  showed  that  opportunity 
alone  was  wanting  to  pave  the  way  to  a  sincere  and  lasting 
comradeship.  The  new  companies  proved  their  worth  in  try- 
ing campaigns  and  on  many  hard  fought  fields. 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      109 

[Chap.  X.  Guarding  the  Blue  Ridge  Passes.  Not.  2,  i86a 

On  October  30th  the  5th  Corps  was  again  put  in  motion 
and  halted  for  the  night  about  23^  miles  from  Harper's  Ferry. 

The  next  day  it  resumed  its  march,  passing  through  Har- 
per's Ferry,  noted  as  the  place  where  John  Brown  assembled 
his  forces  to  inaugurate  a  campaign  to  free  the  slaves.  There 
stood  the  engine  house  which  John  Brown  occupied  for  his 
headquarters. 

The  other  buildings  looked  neglected  and  dilapidated. 

The  march  was  continued  along  the  Leesburg  turnpike  and  a 
halt  was  made  for  the  night  about  8  miles  from  Harper's  Ferry, 

On  Sunday,  the  2d  day  of  November,  the  Forty-Fourth 
was  detached  from  the  rest  of  the  Brigade  and  ordered  to  go 
upon  the  Blue  Ridge  to  guard  a  pass  over  the  mountains. 
The  crest  was  reached  after  a  hard  march  of  about  15  miles 
and  a  picket  line  established  a  short  distance  down  the  slope 
toward  the  enemy.  Strict  orders  were  given  and  great  vigi- 
lance exacted  as  it  was  important  to  hold  this  pass  until  our 
army  had  passed. 

On  the  crest  of  the  mountain  was  a  cleared  field  in  which 
stood  a  lone  pine  tree.  A  wide  scope  of  country  could  be  seen 
from  the  top  of  the  mountain.  But  Capt.  Bourne  was  not 
satisfied  to  view  the  surrounding  country  from  terra  firma. 
With  rails  and  poles  he  improvised  a  sort  of  ladder  with 
which  he  was  enabled  to  reach  the  lower  limbs  of  the  tree  and 
from  there  ascend  to  the  top.  Having  with  him  a  powerful 
field  glass,  he  remained  a  long  time  in  the  tree  top  observing 
the  surrounding  country  and  enjoying  the  grand  scenery. 
From  his  view  point  he  beheld  the  beautiful,  fertile  valleys  of 
Loudon  and  Shenandoah,  a  long  stretch  up  and  down  the  his- 
toric Potomac,  the  conspicuous  Maryland  Heights,  and  the 
broad  cultivated  fields  of  Maryland.  He  finally  left  his  perch 
in  the  tree  and  descended.  On  reaching  the  ground  he  was 
asked  what  he  saw.  He  replied,  with  much  emphasis  and  en- 
thusiasm, "Well,  if  the  world  was  made  in  six  days  I  have 
seen  one  d — d  big  day's  work." 

On  Wednesday,  November  5th,  we  descended  from  the 
mountain,  marched  about  four  miles  and  rejoined  the  brigade 
at  Snicker's  Gap,  where  we  bivouacked  for  the  night.  Our 
marches  were  continued  each  day  passing  through  Middleburg, 
New  Baltimore  and  on  the  evening  of  the  9th  a  halt  was  made 
near  Warrenton. 


no  44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XI.  Burnside  Succeeds  McClellan.  Nov.  lo,  1862] 


CHAPTER  XL 

GENERAL  BURNSIDE  RELIEVES  GENERAL  MCCLELLAN  IN  COM- 
MAND  OF   THE   ARMY. 

On  November  loth,  General  McClellan,  having  received 
orders  to  turn  the  command  over  to  General  Burnside,  took  his 
leave  of  the  army.  The  troops  in  the  vicinity  were  drawn  up 
in  line  each  side  of  the  highway  and  General  McClellan,  ac- 
companied by  General  Burnside,  rode  past.  He  was  quite 
generally  cheered  as  he  rode  along.  Afterwards,  and  on  the 
same  day,  the  officers  of  the  5th  Corps  were  invited  to  meet 
General  McClellan  at  5th  Corps  headquarters.  At  the  Corps 
headquarters  General  McClellan  made  a  short  speech  in  which 
he  manifested  considerable  feeling  and  among  other  things, 
said :  "I  shall  look  to  history  to  do  me  justice."  On  the  same 
occasion  General  Porter  said :  "I  presume  it  will  be  my  turn 
next." 

On  the  I2th  of  November  General  Porter  took  his  leave 
of  the  5th  Corps,  which  he  had  commanded  since  its  organi- 
zation. It  can  not  be  questioned  that  General  Porter  had  per- 
formed meritorius  service  in  his  management  at  the  battles  of 
Hanover  C.  H.,  Mechanicsville,  Gaines  Mills  and  Malvern  Hill. 

On  leaving  the  army  General  McClellan  issued  the  follow- 
ing address : 

"Headquarters,  Army  of  the  Potomac. 
Officers  and  Soldiers  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac : 

An  order  from  the  President  devolves  upon  Major  General  Burn- 
side the  command  of  this  army. 

In  parting  from  you  I  can  not  express  the  love  and  gratitude  I 
bear  to  you.  As  an  army  you  have  grown  up  under  my  care.  In  you 
I  have  never  found  doubt  or  coldness.  The  battles  you  have  fought 
under  my  command  will  probably  live  in  our  Nation's  history.  The 
glory  you  have  achieved,  our  mutual  peril  and  fatigue,  the  graves  of 
our  comrades,  fallen  in  battle  and  by  disease,  the  broken  forms  of 
those  whom  wounds  and  sickness  have  disabled, — the  strongest  asso- 
ciations which  can  exist  among  men — unite  us  still  by  an  indissoluble 
tie.  We  shall  ever  be  comrades  in  supporting  the  constitution  of  our 
Country  and  the  nationalty  of  its  people. 

George  B.  McClellan, 
Major  General,  U.  S.  A." 


44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY       in 

[Chap.  XI.  Reorganization  of  Army  of  the  Potomac.  Nov.  12,  1862] 

After  assuming  command  General  Burnside  spent  a  few 
days  in  reorganizing  the  army,  and  making  plans  for  an  active 
campaign.  The  six  Corps  of  the  army  were  doubled  up  mak- 
ing three  Grand  Divisions.  The  right  Grand  Division  was 
composed  of  the  26.  and  9th  Corps  and  placed  under  the  com- 
mand of  General  Sumner.  The  left  Grand  Division  was  com- 
posed of  the  1st  and  6th  Corps  and  placed  under  the  command 
of  General  Franklin.  The  center  Grand  Division  was  com- 
posed of  the  3d  and  5th  Corps  and  placed  under  the  command 
of  General  Hooker.  General  Butterfield  was  assigned  to  the 
command  of  the  5th  Corps,  and  General  Griffin  was  assigned  to 
the  command  of  the  ist  Division  of  the  5th  Corps,  of  which 
Division  the  Third  Brigade  formed  a  part. 

General  Burnside  inaugurated  a  different  plan  of  campaign 
from  the  one  in  progress  when  he  succeeded  to  the  command. 
The  plan  which  he  finally  adopted,  while  it  was  assented  to, 
but  not  favored  by  the  President,  contemplated  crossing  the 
Rappahannock  at  some  of  the  upper  fords  with  the  bulk  of  the 
army,  proceed  down  the  right  bank  of  the  river,  and  occupy 
the  heights  South  of  the  City  of  Fredericksburg.  This  plan 
appears  to  have  been  changed  a  little  later  and  the  army 
proceeded  to  occupy  the  North  bank  of  the  river  instead  of 
the  South  bank.  On  the  14th  day  of  November,  General 
Sumner's  command  was  put  in  motion  and  on  arriving  on  the 
banks  of  the  river  opposite  Fredericksburg  he  suggested  to  the 
Commanding  General  the  advisability  of  crossing  at  once,  dis- 
persing a  small  force  of  the  enemy  stationed  there,  and  oc- 
cupy and  hold  the  position.  This  suggestion  failed  to  meet 
with  approval.  A  little  later,  when  General  Hooker  arrived, 
he  made  the  same  suggestion  with  no  better  result.  General 
L^e  was  not  slow  in  occupying  in  force  the  strong  defensive 
position  along  the  South  banks  of  the  Rappahannock.  On  the 
17th  day  of  November,  the  5th  Corps  broke  camp  at  Warren- 
ton  and  proceeding  by  daily  marches  reached  a  point  on  the 
line  of  the  Acquia  Creek  and  Fredericksburg  railroad,  after- 
wards known  as  Stoneman's  Switch,  on  the  26th  day  of  No- 
vember. While  on  the  march  from  Warrenton  during  much 
of  the  time  the  weather  was  rainy  and  the  roads  muddy.  On 
arriving  at  Stoneman's  Switch,  the  troops  set  to  work  to  make 
themselves  as  comfortable  as  possible.     Ingenuity,  prompted 


112       44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XI.  Stoneman's  Switch.  Nov.  26,  1862] 

by  necessity,  was  quite  prolific  in  discovering  ways  and  means. 
From  arrival  at  Stoneman's  Switch  until  December  nth,  the 
time  of  the  Forty-Fourth  was  spent  in  establishing  camp,  per- 
forming picket  and  camp  duty,  and  when  the  weather  per- 
mitted engaging  in  drill.  The  new  companies  were  diligent 
in  acquainting  themselves  with  the  various  duties  pertaining 
to  camp  life.  Their  unassuming  ways  and  zeal  to  become 
more  efficient,  soon  established  more  cordial  relations  with  the 
members  of  the  old  companies. 

In  the  fore  part  of  December,  1862,  Surgeon  Morris  W. 
Townsend  joined  the  regiment,  vice  Surgeon  Frothingham 
resigned.  His  coming  was  unheralded.  His  assignment 
proved  to  be  a  rare  piece  of  good  fortune.  In  camp,  on  the 
march  or  during  the  trying  ordeals  of  battle  he  was  always  cool, 
alert  and  accessible.  He  easily  ranked  with  the  ablest  and  most 
distinguished  surgeons  of  the  5th  Corps.  His  genial  nature,  his 
faithful  discharge  of  every  duty  and  his  high  professional 
skill  were  characteristic  qualities  by  which  he  adorned  the 
service.  No  soldier  in  distress  at  night  or  by  day  ever  failed 
to  receive  his  kind,  considerate  attention.  No  wounded  soldier 
whose  life  and  death  hung  in  equal  balance  was  ever  laid  upon 
the  operating  table  without  a  feeling  of  confidence  that  the 
wisest  and  best  thing  would  be  done.  As  a  token  of  their  ap- 
preciation of  Surgeon  Townsend  the  enlisted  men  of  the  regi- 
ment presented  him  with  a  complete  equipment  for  his  horse. 

On  the  loth  day  of  December  a  rumor  circulated  through 
the  camp  that  the  army  was  about  to  move.  Later  on  the  rumor 
was  verified.  The  verification  came  in  the  form  of  an  order 
to  be  ready  to  move  at  4  o'clock  the  next  morning  with  3  days 
rations  and  20  extra  rounds  of  ammunition.  The  preparations 
called  for  looked  like  serious  business.  On  Thursday,  De- 
cember nth,  the  reveille  sounded  at  3  o'clock  A.  M.  and  pre- 
parations were  made  for  the  start.  At  5  o'clock  musketry  and 
artillery  firing  were  heard  at  the  front.  It  was  afterwards 
learned  that  the  firing  was  occasioned  by  the  Engineers,  pro- 
ceeding to  lay  pontoon  bridges  across  the  Rappahannock  River 
The  workmen  were  driven  from  their  work  by  the  infantry  of 
the  enemy  posted  in  the  streets  and  buildings  of  Fredericks- 
burg. Thereupon  the  artillery  in  General  Sumner's  command 
opened  a  furious  cannonade  upon  the  city  which  checked  the 


FRED  D.  HILLS. 

Enlisted  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.,  on  August  14,  1862,  in  the  148th 
N.  Y.  V.  L,  but  the  company  being  a  supernumerar}'  one,  was  trans- 
ferred to  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  L,  was  sent  to  camp  at  Albany,  N.  Y., 
and  was  assigned  as  new  Co.  C,  which  was  dubbed  the  Penn  Yan 
Company.  This  company  joined  the  44th  Regiment  at  Antietam,  Md., 
in  September,  1862.  On  Jan.  31,  1863,  he  was  made  a  Sergeant.  On 
Aug.  10,  1863,  was  tranferred  to  the  U.  S.  Signal  Corps  at  Warrenton 
Junction  and  was  assigned  as  Sergeant  to  the  headquarters  of  A'lajor- 
General  Judson  Kilpatrick  of  the  3d  Division  Cavalry  Corps.  On 
Aug.  4.  1864,  he  was  assigned  to  the  ist  Division  Cavalry  Corps,  com- 
manded by  Major-General  Wesley  Merritt  and  then  sent  to  the  Shen- 
andoah Valley.  After  the  campaigns  in  this  Valley  his  command  joined 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  in  Alarch,  1865.  Discharged  at  close  of  the 
war  at  Winchester,  Va. 


PU.: 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      113 

[Chap.  XI.  Prepare  for  Fredericksburg.  Dec.  ii,  1862] 

firing.  Some  of  Sumner's  infantry  crossed  the  river  in  boats, 
drove  the  enemy  from  the  banks  of  the  river,  and  enabled 
the  pontoniers  to  proceed  with  their  work.  As  soon  as  the 
bridges  were  laid  Sumner's  troops  began  to  cross  and  by  day- 
light on  the  1 2th  enough  of  our  troops  had  crossed  to  take  pos- 
session of  the  entire  city.  During  the  12th  the  two  Grand 
Divisions  of  Sumner  and  Franklin  had  effected  a  lodgment 
on  the  South  side  of  the  river,  and  formed  respectively  the 
right  and  left  wings  of  the  general  line.  Hooker's  Grand  Divi- 
sion was  held  in  hand  on  the  North  side  of  the  river,  ready 
to  move  to  the  support  of  either  wing  of  the  army  as  occa- 
sion might  require.  As  the  plan  of  battle  was  for  Franklin 
to  assault  and  turn  the  Confederate  right  his  command  was 
augmented  by  two  Divisions  from  the  3d  Corps.  In  a  general 
way  this  was  the  condition  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  at 
the  close  of  the  day  of  December  12th. 

The  enemy  occupied  a  semi-circular  position,  along  the 
heights  on  the  right  bank  of  the  river  South  of  the  city,  extend- 
ing from  the  river  above  the  city  to  Massaponox  Creek  South 
of  the  city.  It  was  a  strong  natural  position  rendered  many 
fold  more  so,  by  its  strong  defensive  works.  General  Sumner, 
in  his  report,  says : 

"The  enemy  held  the  successive  crests  and  wooded  slopes  which 
encircle  the  town,  his  infantry  covered  by  breast  works  and  rifle  pits, 
his  guns  protected  by  earthworks  and  rifle  pits,  and  mostly  in  em- 
brasures. The  general  disposition  of  his  lines  being  such  as  to  give  front 
and  enfilading  fire  on  any  troops  who  might  debouch  from  the  city 
with  intention  of  crossing  the  gradual  slope,  which  swells  from  the 
town  to  the  crest.  He  had  also  concentrated  many  guns  on  the  bridge 
necessary  to  be  crossed  by  the  troops." 

The  Confederate  General  Longstreet  in  his  work  entitled 
"From  Manassas  to  Appomatox,"  says: 

"As  I  was  inspecting  my  lines  I  found  one  gun  not  in  position 
and  asked  General  Alexander,  Chief  of  Artillery,  if  it  would  not  be 
well  to  place  it  in  position  and  his  reply  was :  'We  do  not  need  it ; 
our  guns  are  so  placed  that  we  can  rake  the  whole  field  as  with  a  fine 
tooth  comb.    A  chicken  can't  live  on  that  field.' " 

Such  was  a  brief  description  of  that  memorable  battle- 
field by  a  prominent  General  of  each  army. 

Let  us  now  go  back  and  take  up  the  narrative  of  the  Forty- 
Fourth  New  York.     While  the  reveille  sounded  at  4  o'clock 


114       44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XI.  Fredericksburg.  Dec.  13,  1862] 

A.  M.  on  Thursday,  December  nth,  we  did  not  leave  camp 
until  about  one  o'clock  P.  M,  The  reverberating  guns  of 
Sumner  told  that  the  battle  was  on.  It  was  a  matter  of 
anxious  prophecy  to  know  how  soon  we  should  be  drawn  into 
its  murderous  vortex.  We  then  marched  to  the  elevated  ridge 
back  of  Falmouth,  overlooking  Fredericksburg  on  the  North 
side  of  the  Rappahannock  and  bivouacked  for  the  night.  The 
whole  panorama  of  the  battlefields  was  in  full  view.  On  the 
I2th  we  marched  nearer  to  Falmouth,  halted,  stacked  arms 
and  were  held  in  readiness  to  move  at  a  moment's  notice. 
During  the  day  our  position  was  not  materially  changed  and 
we  bivouacked  for  the  night.  The  weather  was  not  propi- 
tious for  seeking  lodging  upon  the  ground  and  the  prospects 
of  the  morrow  did  not  add  material  comfort  to  the  situation. 
The  fateful  morning  of  December  13th  arrived.  The  discom- 
fort of  the  previous  night  was  soon  forgotten  in  making  prep- 
arations for  the  day.  There  was  no  mistaking  the  ominous 
signs.  One  of  the  bloodiest  chapters  in  the  annals  of  war  was 
about  to  be  enacted.  The  impregnable  works  which  crowned 
Marye's  heights  were  to  be  assaulted.  The  right  and  left  Grand 
Divisions  were  in  position.  The  forenoon  wore  away  in  ar- 
ranging the  details  of  the  attack.  The  irregular  firing  along 
the  picket  line  and  occasional  exchange  of  artillery  shots  were 
only  preliminary  challenges  of  the  combatants.  Franklin  was 
tardy  in  commencing  the  execution  of  his  part  of  the  battle. 
His  60,000  excellent  troops  were  to  break  the  Confederate 
right,  or  draw  to  their  support  the  troops  necessary  to  man  the 
guns  and  works  on  the  left  and  center.  The  first  fatal  step  of 
the  day  was  here  enacted.  Meade,  with  his  splendid  Division, 
numbering  only  5,000  men,  gallantly  advanced  supported  only 
by  the  Division  of  Gibbon.  Ten  thousand  true  and  tried  men 
were  marshalled  to  accomplish  what  was  expected  of  60,000. 
The  attack  of  these  heroic  troops  was  inadequate  to  break  the 
Confederate  right  or  compel  the  enemy  to  detach  from  his  left 
and  center.  When  Sumner's  command  on  the  right  and  center 
advanced  to  the  assault  they  found  the  enemy's  formidable 
works  fully  manned  and  ready  to  receive  them.  The  Union 
line  advanced  in  splendid  order  and  with  determined  purpose. 
As  soon  as  they  reached  the  open  field  they  were  exposed  to  a 
most  murderous  fire  of  shot,  shell  and  musketry.     The  whole 


44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      115 

Chap.  XI.  Fredericksburg.  Dec.  13,  1862] 

hillside  seemed  alive  with  Confederate  troops  in  their  secure 
position  of  vantage,  revelling  in  their  bloody  vocation.  The 
advance  was  made  in  full  view  of  the  troops  held  in  reserve. 
As  soon  as  our  troops  left  the  cover  of  the  buildings  in  the 
city  the  direful  havoc  began  and  increased  as  the  distance 
between  the  combatants  grew  less.  While  watching  the  une- 
qual slaughter  Lieut.  Gaskill  said :  "I  would  consent  to  give 
my  right  arm  to  be  assured  that  I  could  escape  this  day's  peril 
with  my  life."  From  noon  until  we  entered  the  battle,  as 
brave  and  determined  troops  as  ever  marched  to  battle  strove 
in  vain  to  carry  those  impregnable  works.  About  3  o'clock 
our  Brigade  crossed  the  river  on  the  pontoon  bridge  and  pro- 
ceeded to  the  outskirts  of  the  city. 

Late  in  the  afternoon  an  order  came  to  advance  and  re- 
lieve the  troops  engaged  on  the  firing  line.  The  impracticabil- 
ity of  a  further  attempt  to  carry  the  enemy's  works  by  direct 
assault  had  already  been  demonstrated.  It  is  doubtful  if  a 
single  person  in  the  Brigade  indulged  the  hope  that  any  real 
success  could  be  obtained  in  making  the  movement.  The 
order  must  be  obeyed,  the  consequence  could  not  be  con- 
sidered. Our  experience  was  the  same  as  befell  those  who 
had  preceded  us.  Soon  as  the  start  was  made  we  drew  the 
fire  of  the  enemy.  The  air  was  filled  with  shot,  bursting 
shells  and  the  deadly  minnies.  The  earth  was  torn  and  plowed 
by  countless,  hurtling  projectiles.  The  wounded  and  dying 
sank  together  upon  the  blood-soaked  field.  The  broken  ranks 
automatically  closed  and  still  advanced  only  to  be  broken 
again  and  again.  The  dead  and  wounded  of  those  who  had 
fallen  earlier  in  the  day  were  passed  without  stopping  to 
lend  a  helping  hand.  When  the  farthest  point  which  had 
been  obtained  by  other  troops  was  reached  our  decimated 
ranks  were  halted  and  permitted  to  lie  prone  upon  the  earth, 
partially  protected  by  a  slight  undulation  in  the  field.  During 
this  advance  Lieut.  Col.  Conner  was  wounded,  and  Major 
Knox  succeeded  to  the  command  of  the  regiment.  Darkness 
and  the  smoke  of  battle  gradually  closed  the  havoc  of  the 
day.  Then  for  the  first  time,  the  cries  and  groans  of  the  dying 
and  wounded  could  be  heard.  Then  for  the  first  time  could 
relieving  parties  traverse  the  field,  administer  aid  to  the  living 
and  gather  together  the  dead.     Between  the  first  advance  at 


ii6       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XI.  Fredericksburg.  Dec.  is,  1862] 

noon  and  the  darkness-compelled  armistice,  more  than  10,000 
patriots  had  fallen.  The  remnant  of  the  regiment  slept  upon 
their  arms  upon  the  ground,  ready  for  any  contingency 
awaiting  the  undisclosed  destiny  yet  to  be  revealed.  Promptly 
at  break  of  day,  on  Sunday  morning  December  14th,  the  enemy 
tried  in  vain  to  dislodge  us  from  the  position  reached  the 
evening  before  and  held  during  the  night.  While  the  enemy 
could  not  drive  us  from  our  position,  they  made  it  extremely 
uncomfortable  and  hazardous  to  remain.  The  slight  undula- 
tion of  the  ground  afforded  the  merest  protection  while  lying 
flat.  Whoever  exposed  any  part  of  his  person  above  the  dead 
line,  was  certain  to  receive  a  volley.  It  was  just  as  dangerous 
to  pass  to  the  rear  as  it  was  to  go  to  the  front.  Neither  side 
appeared  to  be  inclined  to  renew  general  hostilities.  Perhaps 
the  Confederates  were  satisfied  with  the  loss  they  had  inflicted 
and  the  Union  troops  with  the  loss  they  had  sustained.  In 
any  event  the  day  was  spent  in  hugging  the  ground  and  care- 
fully watching  the  movements  of  the  enemy.  About  9  or  10 
o'clock  in  the  evening  we  were  relieved  by  other  troops  and 
under  the  cover  of  darkness  returned  to  the  city.  After  par- 
taking of  much  needed  rations,  the  balance  of  the  night  was 
spent  in  seeking  repose  upon  the- sidewalks  and  doorsteps  of 
the  houses.  Our  position  was  not  changed  on  the  15th  until 
about  6  o'clock  P.  M.  when  line  was  formed  and  we  marched 
to  another  part  of  the  city,  where  we  again  halted  and  stacked 
arms.  About  one  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  i6th  the 
Brigade  was  again  aroused  and  line  formed.  The  purpose  of 
making  a  movement  at  this  unusual  hour  was  not  at  first  made 
known.  Conjecture  was  rife  in  place  of  actual  information. 
All  doubt  was  soon  dispelled  by  our  taking  up  our  line  of 
march  across  the  war-worn  battlefield,  proceeding  to  the 
front  and  quietly  relieving  the  troops  on  the  advance  line.  It 
now  became  known  that  the  army  was  retreating  to  the  North 
side  of  the  river  and  that  our  Brigade  was  to  act  as  rear  guard 
for  our  part  of  the  general  line.  This  was  a  delicate,  dangerous 
duty.  In  case  the  enemy  discovered  the  movement  he  was 
quite  likely  to  advance  in  force  and  overpower  the  rear  guard. 
This  advance  position  was  held  until  about  3  o'clock  A.  M. 
of  the  i6th  when  we  had  orders  to  quietly  withdraw  by  the  left 
flank.     It  had  rained  earlier  in  the  night  and  when  the  order 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      117 

[Chap.  XI.  Withdrawal  from  Fredericksburg.  Dec.  i6,  1862] 

came  to  withdraw,  floating  clouds  occasionally  obscured  the 
light  of  the  moon.  We  again  formed  line  in  the  outskirts  of 
the  city  for  the  purpose  of  protecting  the  troops  in  recrossing 
the  river.  Captain  Judson,  in  his  History  of  the  83d  Penn., 
says:  "Then  was  heard  the  deep  heavy  baying  of  a  blood- 
hound as  if  he,  too,  were  set  upon  our  track.  Nearer  and 
nearer,  though  cautiously  and  slowly,  approached  the  monster. 
That  misguided  quadruped  might  have  been  an  advance  scout, 
but  the  peril  was  immeasurably  less  than  as  though  the 
enemy  had  loosed  his  much  more  dangerous  dogs  of  war." 
The  streets  and  buildings  of  Fredericksburg  bore  visible  evi- 
dences of  the  devastation  and  ruin  of  war.  More  or  less 
pillaging  was  carried  on  by  camp  followers,  who  had  the  time 
and  opportunity  for  such  lawlessness.  As  daylight  approached 
our  position  became  more  undesirable.  The  enemy,  on  dis- 
covering the  retreat  of  our  troops,  dispatched  a  line  of  skir- 
mishers which  a  volley  soon  sent  in  retreat.  As  the  first 
approach  of  dawn  appeared  our  last  position  was  abandoned, 
a  hurried  orderly  march  was  made  to  the  pontoon  bridge,  and 
the  crossing  effected.  During  the  passage  of  our  troops  to  the 
rear  the  people  of  Fredericksburg  came  out  from  their  hiding 
places  and  assailed  them  with  bitter  and  abusive  taunts. 

In  his  report  of  the  operations  of  the  5th  Corps,  General 
Butterfield  says :  "Col.  Buchanan's  Brigade  of  Sykes'  Di- 
vision crossed  last  about  8  o'clock  A.  M.  in  most  excellent 
order." 

It  is  proper  to  state  here  that  Lieutenant  and  Acting  Ad- 
jutant Bourne  claims  he  was  the  last  person  to  leave  the  South 
bank  of  the  river  in  crossing. 

On  reaching  the  Falmouth  side  of  the  river  the  regiment 
took  up  its  march  for  the  old  camp  at  Stoneman's  Switch,  reach- 
ing there  about  one  o'clock  P.  M. 

At  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg  the  regiment  lost  7  killed 
and  mortally  wounded  and  35  wounded.  Thus  ended  the  Fred- 
ericksburg campaign.  It  was  a  costly  failure.  In  returning  the 
roads  were  muddy,  the  troops  were  weary,  the  marching  was 
tedious.  Between  the  nth  and  i6th  days  of  December  a  tragic 
chapter  in  American  history  had  been  enacted.  The  restoration 
of  the  Union  seemed  yet  afar  off.  Tents  were  pitched,  rations 
were  obtained  and  eaten,  and  much  needed  rest  was  eagerly 


ii8       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XI.  Return  to  Stoneman's  Switch.  Dec.  i6,  1862] 

sought.  The  mental  tension,  and  the  days  and  nights  of  expos- 
ure and  sleeplessness  made  a  few  days  of  relaxation  most  wel- 
come. On  the  1 6th  Lieut.  Herenden  was  appointed  Adjutant. 
After  a  few  days  of  rest  tents  were  raised  on  log  foundations 
and  various  ingenious  devices  added  to  increase  the  comfort  and 
sanitary  condition  of  the  camp.  Col.  Rice,  who  left  the  regi- 
ment after  the  Second  Battle  of  Bull  Run,  returned  on  the 
24th.  And  a  few  days  later  Second  Lieut.  Chas.  Kelly  was 
appointed  First  Lieut,  and  First  Sergeant  O.  L.  Hunger  of 
Co.  C,  was  made  Second  Lieutenant.  On  Christmas  Day 
the  camp  was  nicely  decorated  with  evergreens  and  a  degree 
of  cheerfulness  restored.  The  work  of  improving  quarters 
was  continued  with  much  diligence.  It  was  wonderful  what 
could  be  accomplished  with  limited  means  under  the  spur  of 
necessity. 

At  2  o'clock  P.  M.  on  December  30th  our  Division  was  un- 
expectedly ordered  out  on  a  reconnaissance.  The  route  was 
through  Hartwood  Church  to  Richard's  Ford  on  the  Rappa- 
hannock. It  was  a  hurried,  fatiguing  march,  which  continued 
until  2  o'clock  A.  M.  of  the  31st.  Our  ist  and  2d  Brigades 
forded  the  river,  and  continued  their  march  for  some  distance 
after  crossing.  Our  Brigade  was  held  in  reserve  on  the 
North  bank  of  the  Rappahannock.  The  troops  that  crossed 
encountered  a  detachment  of  Confederate  Cavalry  which  was 
soon  put  to  flight.  The  reconnaissance  was  continued  with- 
out meeting  any  more  of  the  enemy,  and  its  object  having 
been  accomplished  our  troops  recrossed  the  river,  and  the 
whole  Division  returned  to  camp,  arriving  about  one  o'clock 
P.  M.  on  Thursday  January  i,  1863.  The  return  was  more 
deliberate  and  less  tiresome  than  was  the  march  going  out. 

A  new  year  had  begun.  In  1862  many  hard  battles  had  been 
fought,  great  losses  had  been  sustained  and  ostensibly  very 
little  had  been  accomplished.  Soon  after  his  return  to  the 
regiment.  Col.  Rice  took  steps  to  erect  a  log  chapel.  He  sent 
for  McKendree  Shaw  of  Company  D,  and  Enoch  J.  Lewis  of 
Company  G,  to  come  to  his  tent.  He  then  laid  before  them 
his  plan  to  erect  a  log  chapel  to  be  used  for  religious  and 
literary  purposes.  A  detail  of  axmen  and  teams  was  made 
and  soon  the  plan  began  to  materialize.  Some  assisted,  some 
joked  about  it,  others  stood  idly  by  and  asked  questions  like 
these;  "What  is  the  thing  for  any  way?    When  is  your  saloon 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      119 

[Chap.  XI.  The  Log  Chapel.  Jan.,  1863J 

going  to  open  ?  Is  the  National  Capitol  to  be  moved  down  here  ? 
Is  it  to  be  an  asylum  for  played-out  Generals?"  But  these 
two  leading,  faithful  architects  aided  by  others,  went  cheer- 
fully along.  Rev.  Alvord,  who  was  connected  with  the  Chris- 
tian Commission,  thus  described  it:  "Two  of  them,  although 
only  non-commissioned  officers,  seemed  almost  inspired  on  the 
subject.  The  logs  had  to  be  drawn  a  mile,  trimmed,  framed 
and  piled  up.  The  dimensions  were  16x32  feet,  sufficiently 
large  to  hold  160  persons.  To  most  of  their  comrades  the  affair 
gave  occasion  only  for  jests  and  merriment.  But  these  two 
Christian  soldiers  toiled  on  like  Noah  amid  the  scoffs  of  the 
multitude.  The  structure  at  last  reached  its  proper  height. 
A  roof  of  poles,  brush  and  poncho  tents  was  put  on.  Later 
on  a  canvas  covering  was  found.  Meetings  were  then  begun. 
The  songs  went  up  from  the  deep  voices  of  the  men  and 
before  our  services  closed  tears  rolled  down  the  cheeks  of 
hardy  warriors.  To  be  brief,  every  evening  in  the  week  this 
house  was  filled  with  men,  brought  together  four  times  out 
of  seven,  for  religious  subjects.  I  stole  in  one  evening  while 
they  were  at  their  devotions.  Prayer  after  prayer  successively, 
in  earnest,  humble  tones,  went  up  before  rising  from  their 
knees.  Officers  were  present  and  took  part  in  the  service  and 
among  them  was  now  the  lamented  General  James  C.  Rice, 
who  in  his  dying  hour  wanted  to  be  turned  on  his  cot  that 
he  might  'die  with  his  face  to  the  foe.'  The  whole  regiment 
looked  upon  the  house  as  a  matter  of  pride.  They  encour- 
aged all  the  meetings.  The  house  was  attractive  to  visitors  and 
when  not  used  for  religious  worship  was  occupied  for  lyceum 
debates,  musical  concerts  and  the  like." 

McKendree  Shaw,  who  is  now  Rev.  McKendree  Shaw, 
wrote : 

"I  doubt  there  being  any  church  in  the  Nation,  that  was  the  earthly 
channel  of  better  spiritual  influences,  than  was  our  log  chapel,  with  its 
log  seats,  log  fire  place  and  hard-tack  box  for  pulpit,  during  the  winter 
of  1862-3.  On  our  longest  marches  and  severest  campaigns  we  seldom 
failed  to  have  our  Sunday  and  mid-week  religious  services,  whether 
we  had  a  Chaplain  or  not.  If  we  halted  for  the  night,  we  would  cook 
and  drink  our  coffee,  collect  a  few  pine  fagots,  build  a  little  stand 
on  which  to  burn  them  for  light,  sit  on  the  lap  of  Mother  Earth,  sing, 
read  the  Holy  Bible,  offer  our  prayers  to  God,  testify  to  the  work  of 
grace  in  our  lives  and  then  roll  ourselves  in  our  blankets  and  let  our 
minds  have  undisturbed  range  to  all  parts  of  dreamland." 


I20       44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XI.  Religion  and  Literature.  Jan.,  1863] 

The  first  religious  service  was  held  on  Sunday,  January 
5,  1863,  at  which  Col.  Rice  took  the  lead  and  Captain  Kimball 
of  Company  E,  read  a  sermon.  The  wife  of  one  of  the  officers 
of  the  17th  N.  Y.  was  the  only  lady  present.  Her  presence 
attracted  attention,  as  it  was  an  unusual  sight  to  see  a  lady 
in  camp. 

The  literary  exercises  took  a  wide  range.  Public  ques- 
tions were  handled  in  a  manner  that  showed  research  and 
mature  thought.  It  was  a  rallying  point  for  members  of 
all  companies  and  was  a  source  of  profit  and  enjoyment.  The 
excellent  material  of  which  the  regiment  was  composed  was 
apparent  by  the  exercises  held  in  this  crude  chapel.  At  one 
of  the  evening's  entertainments,  Private  James  E.  Spry  of  Com- 
pany D,  presented  the  following  parody,  entitled — 

"a  recruit's  lament." 

"Backward,  roll  backward,  oh  time  in  thy  flight, 

Make  me  a  citizen  just  for  a  night. 
Bear  me  away  from  this  valley  of  mud. 

Bore  me  no  more  with  powder  and  blood. 
Let  me  turn  from  this  fountain  of  tears, 

Far  from  the  sound  of  orders  and  jeers. 
I  have  grown  weary  of  Uncle  Sam's  work; 

Weary  of  living  on  hardtack  and  pork. 

Backward,  roll  backward,  oh  time  in  thy  flight, 

Make  me  a  citizen  just  for  a  night, 
Why  did  you  torture  me,  grenadiers,  thus? 

Why  get  me  into  this  devilish  muss? 
Had  you  no  heart  in  your  bosom  of  clay. 

Thus  to  entice  my  freedom  away? 
Did  you  not  know,  that's  where  the  shoe  pinches? 

That  hanging  is  better  than  dying  by  inches? 

Backward,  roll  backward,  oh  time  in  thy  flight, 

Make  me  a  citizen  just  for  a  night, 
I  have  grown  tired  of  trouble  and  toil, 

Tired  of  sleeping  on  this  cursed  soil, 
Tired  of  having  no  cocktails  or  rum, 

Do  send  me  home,  doctor,  do  send  me  home, 
Many  the  faces  that  wish  I  was  there. 

Many  the  creditors  left  in  despair, 
Many  the  fond  ones  that  pray  I  will  come. 

Do  send  me  home,  doctor,  do  send  me  home. 


/" 


JAMES    B.    HITCHCOCK,    Q.    M.    S. 

Born  March  24,  1841,  at  Uxbridge,  Middlesex  Co.,  England;  immigrated  with 
his   parents  to  America   May    10,    1850. 

Present  and  participated  in  the  siege  of  Yorktown  and  battles  of  Hanover 
C.  H.,  Gaines  Mills,  Malvern  Hill,  Fredericksburg  and  Gettysburg.  He  was  twice 
wounded  while  carrying  the  regimental  colors  at  Malvern  Hill;  borne  off  the 
field  on  the  shoulders  of  comrades,  delivered  the  colors  to  the  Colonel,  who  pro- 
moted him  on  the  spot  to  a  Sergeantcy.  Was  with  his  regiment  every  day  of 
its  service  except  five  months  in  hospital  on  account  of  wounds.  Appointed 
second  in  command  of  a  detachment  of  one  thousand  convalescents  sent  from 
Alexandria  to  rejoiii  their  regiments  at  the  Front.  At  Washington  the  Captain 
of  the  detachment  disappeared,  in  consequence  the  command  devolved  upon  Hitch- 
cock. At  Harper's  Ferry,  having  been  refused  rations  by  the  Provost  Marshal, 
the  convalescents  raided  a  sutler's  shanty  and  successfully  resisted  arrest  which 
w-as  attempted  to  be  made  by  the  Provost  Guard.  Hitchcock  was  then  notified 
by  the  Marshal  that  having  received  satisfactory  advices  from  Washington,  he 
would  issue  to  the  men  rations  and  escort  them  across  the  Potomac,  which  was 
done.  Werit  into  camp  a  short  distance  from  the  river,  except  20  regulars,  who 
having  obtained  permission,  continued  their  march  to  the  Front,  going  into  bivouac 
about  four  miles  out,  where  about  midnight  they  were  surprised  and  captured 
by  Mosby  and  taken  to  Richmond.  Hitchcock  reported  with  the  remainder  of 
the  detachment  later,  at  Fifth  Corps  Headquarters  and  received  the  compliments 
of  the  Adjutant-General. 


THE  NEW  YOTiK 

PUBLr  LIBRARY 

1 

ASTOR,  LENOX  | 

TILDEN  FOUNDATIONS  i 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      121 

[Chap.  XI.  Worship,  Culture  and  Recreation.  Jan.,  1863] 

Backward,  roll  backward,  oh  time  in  thy  flight. 

Make  me  a  citizen  just  for  a  night. 
Let  me  a  citizen,  gallant  and  gay,  be 

Let  me  go  home  to  my  wife  and  baby, 
Let  me  go  home  to  the  home  guards  again. 

Music  of  cannon  oppresses  my  brain. 
Once  I  was  brave  and  sound  as  a  brick. 

Whistling  of  bullets  has  made  me  sick. 

Backward,  roll  backward,  oh  time  in  thy  flight. 

Make  me  a  citizen  just  for  a  night. 
Once  I  was  strong  and  still  I  am  zealous. 

Once  I  had  lungs  like  a  blacksmith's  bellows. 
But  to  tell  the  plain  truth  accursed  be  the  pegs 

I  put  too  much  faith  in  my  confounded  legs, 
My  courage  was  good  but  my  legs  had  a  tendency 

Always  to  run,  and  they  got  the  ascendency. 

Oh,  take  me  back  where  the  bullets  don't  rustle 

The  hair  on  my  head,  then  feel  of  my  muscle. 
Send  me  where  balls  and  bombs  never  come; 

Do  send  me  home,  doctor,  do  send  me  home. 
Backward,  roll  backward,  oh  time  in  thy  flight, 

Make  me  a  citizen  just  for  a  night. 
Hasten  my  pleasures,  ye  Gods  if  you  can. 

Make  me  once  more  a  family  man. 

I  will  be  valiant  and  brave  as  a  lion 

Let  me  old  Michigan  once  get  my  eye  on, 
I  will  cry  Onward !  and  write  editorial 

Frigid  or  warm  auroral  or  boreal, 
I  will  be  bold  to  counsel  and  think 

And  shed  for  my  country  my  heart's  purest  ink, 
Stand  for  no  measure  however  inglorious, 

Foolish,    fanatical,   even   laborious ! 
If  oh,  sweet  doctor,  thou  picture  of  beauty. 

Thou  wilt  discharge  me  from  war  and  its  duty. 

Backward,  roll  backward,  oh  time  in  thy  flight. 

Make  me  a  citizen  just  for  a  night. 
Take  back  the  bounty  the  golden  advance, 

That  bore  all  the  charms  to  my  earliest  glance, 
Let  me  go  home  to  the  land  of  white  collars. 

You  bought  me  too  cheap  for  nine  hundred  dollars 
You  told  me,  alas,  a  beautiful  story. 

Of  honor  and  fame  and  soft  bread  and  glory, 
Let  me  depart.  Uncle  Samuel  do. 

And  I'll  leave  all  the  honor  and  glory  to  you." 


122       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

Chap.  XI.  New  Flag  from  Mrs.  Coming.  Jan.  i6,  1863] 

The  foregoing  poetry  was  written  some  time  after  the 
disastrous  Battle  of  Fredericksburg.  That  battle  not  only- 
caused  a  recruit's  lament  but  also  the  lament  of  many  other 
older  soldiers. 

On  the  8th  day  of  January  General  Bumside,  the  new  Com- 
mander of  the  Army,  reviewed  the  5th  Corps.  It  was  the 
first  opportunity  that  many  of  the  soldiers  had  to  see  him. 
This  was  taken  to  mean  that  some  early  movement  was  in 
contemplation. 

On  the  i6th  a  bright,  beautiful,  new  silk  flag  of  regulation 
size  was  received  from  Mrs.  Erastus  Corning.  The  presenta- 
tion was  made  by  General  Griffin,  our  Division  Commander. 
It  was  presented  by  the  same  patriotic  lady,  who  presented  our 
then  old  flag,  on  the  day  we  left  Albany.  The  two  flags  were 
thrown  to  the  breeze  side  by  side  on  the  parade  ground.  When 
the  old  one  was  presented  at  Albany,  a  pledge  was  made  that 
it  should  not  be  lowered  in  dishonor,  nor  polluted  by  the  touch 
of  a  traitor.  That  pledge  had  been  faithfully  kept.  Its  beau- 
tiful folds  had  been  torn  by  the  murderous  missiles  of  war, 
its  staff  cut  in  twain,  its  sacred  field  crimsoned  with  the  blood 
of  heroes,  but  these  were  scars  of  honor  and  not  of  disgrace. 
As  the  two  flags  floated  side  by  side,  they  were  mutely  eloquent, 
the  one  of  its  past,  the  other  of  its  future.  The  Washington 
correspondent  of  the  New  York  Tribune  stated  that — 

"The  battle  flag  of  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York  is  at  the  rooms 
of  Mrs.  Erastus  Corning  at  Willard's,  an  object  of  veneration.  It  is 
ragged  with  eighty-four  bullet  holes.  Twice  was  its  staff  cut  in  two 
by  balls.  Two  shells  have  passed  through  it.  Twelve  color  bearers 
have  been  shot  dead,  holding  it  in  front  of  the  regiment,  and  eighteen 
wounded.  It  is  properly  to  be  photographed  by  Brady.  Mrs.  Corning 
has  given  the  regiment  a  new  flag." 

Jesse,  the  army  correspondent  of  the  New  York  Evening 
Post,  gave  the  following  account  of  the  presentation  of  a 
new  flag  to  the  gallant  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y. 

"I  happened  to  be  accidentally  present  at  a  color  presentation  of  the 
Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  Volunteers,  Col.  James  C.  Rice.  The  standard 
presented  is  the  gift  of  Mrs.  Erastus  Corning  of  Albany,  and  is  a  most 
superb  color,  of  the  finest  silk,  the  stars  being  beautifully  embroidered 


FLAG  OF  THE  44tli,   SHOWIXG  THE   WEAR  AND  TEAR 
OF    SERVICE. 

There  appeared  in  "Pictorial  Battles  of  the  Civil  War,"  published 
in  1885,  a  picture  of  the  44th  Flag  and  under  it  the  following: 

"Flag  of  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  Volunteers,  which  became  histori- 
cal by  having  twelve  standard  bearers  killed  and  eighteen  wounded 
while  carrying  it." 

Official  reports  do  not  state  who  among  the  killed  and  wounded 
were  color  bearers  and  the  committee  is  therefore  unable  to  verify 
or  disprove  the  statement. 


PUBLr  LIBRARY 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      123 

(Chap.  XI.  The  "Mud  March."  Jan.  20,  1863] 

on  the  blue  ground  in  white  silk,  and  the  staff  surmounted  with  a  spear 
head  of  solid  silver. 

The  presentation  was  made  in  behalf  of  the  donor  by  General 
Griffin,  who  accompanied  it  in  a  most  graceful  and  felicitous  speech. 

Col.  Rice  responded  patriotically  and  promised  on  behalf  of  the 
regiment,  that  the  banner  should  never  be  disgraced,  a  promise  I 
know  that  these  gallant  boys  will  keep. 

The  Forty-Fourth  deserved  a  new  color.  Their  old  banner  has 
a  place  among  the  souvenirs  of  the  war.  Pierced  with  eighty  bullet 
holes,  and  its  staff  cut  twice  in  two  by  shells,  it  speaks  eloquently  of 
the  men  who  bore  it,  while  the  new  and  beautiful  standard  tells  the 
enemy  that  men  live  to  bear  that  flag  still." 

On  the  20th  the  tents  were  struck  at  lo  o'clock  A.  M., 
and  arms  were  stacked,  preparatory  to  a  movement.  We  did 
not  move,  however,  until  4  o'clock  P.  M.,  marched  only  about 
2  miles,  and  camped  in  the  woods.  About  dark  rain  set  in 
and  continued  through  the  night.  The  rain  was  not  only  con- 
tinuous during  the  night,  but  was  very  heavy.  The  next  morn- 
ing tents,  blankets  and  clothing  were  completely  soaked.  Mud 
covered  the  fields,  the  roads  and  woods.  The  reveille  that 
morning  had  a  dreary  and  unpropitious  sound.  Artillery  and 
trains  endeavored  to  start  but  were  soon  stuck  in  the  mud. 
Teams  were  doubled  and  still  they  could  not  move.  Ropes 
were  attached  and  men  moved  the  artillery  from  one  position 
only  to  be  stuck  in  the  mud  in  another.  It  does  not  describe 
the  situation  by  simply  saying  it  rained.  The  rain  poured  down 
in  torrents.  An  advance  of  only  2  miles  was  made  on  the 
22d.  Cavalry,  artillery  and  infantry  were  floundering  in  the 
mud.  The  zone  of  our  operations  was  a  sea  of  mud.  It 
was  a  source  of  amusement  to  the  enemy,  who  taunted  us  with 
the  calamitous  situation,  by  placing  sign  boards  in  conspicuous 
places  on  which  were  inscribed  the  following:  "Stuck  in  the 
mud."  "This  way  to  Richmond."  "Shan't  we  come  over  and 
pull  you  out?"  That  uncertain  factor,  the  weather  had  cer- 
tainly become  an  ally  of  the  enemy.  The  object  of  the  cam- 
paign having  been  defeated,  the  regiment  returned  again  to 
its  old  camp.  In  order  to  return,  it  became  necessary  to  build 
corduroy  roads.  Camp  was  reached  about  3  o'clock  P.  M.  on 
the  24th.  From  the  time  of  leaving  camp  on  the  20th  until 
its  return  on  the  24th,  the  condition  of  the  army  was  one  of 


124       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XI.  Bumside  Relieved  from  Command.  Jan.  35,  1863] 

discomfort  and  discouragement.  On  reaching  the  camp,  each 
company  returned  to  the  same  position  it  had  left,  and  again 
occupied  its  old  quarters.  The  failure  of  the  two  successive 
campaigns  within  two  months  materially  impaired  the  prestige 
of  General  Burnside  as  the  Commander  of  the  Army.  On  the 
25th  day  of  January,  General  Bumside,  at  his  own  request, 
was  relieved  from  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and 
Major  General  Hooker  was  placed  in  command. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      125 

[Chap.  Xn.  Hooker  Commands.  Jan.  26,  1863] 


CHAPTER  XII. 

MAJOR    GENERAL    JOSEPH     HOOKER    TAKES    COMMAND. 

On  assuming  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  Gen- 
eral Hooker  received  a  pointed  letter  from  President  Lincoln 
in  which  were  stated  his  strong  and  weak  points  as  a  com- 
manding officer. 

Executive  Mansion 
Washington  D.  C.  January  26,  1863. 
Major  General  Hooker 

General :  I  have  placed  you  at  the  head  of  the  army  of  the  Po- 
tomac. Of  course  I  have  done  this  upon  what  appears  to  me  to  be 
sufficient  reasons,  and  yet  I  think  it  best  for  you  to  know  that  there 
are  some  things,  in  regard  to  which,  I  am  not  quite  satisfied  with  you. 
I  believe  you  to  be  a  brave  and  skillful  soldier,  which,  of  course,  I  like. 
I  also  believe  you  do  not  mix  politics  with  your  profession,  in  which 
you  are  right.  You  have  confidence  in  yourself,  which  is  a  valuable, 
if  not  an  indispensable,  quality.  You  are  ambitious,  which,  within  rea- 
sonable bounds,  does  good  rather  than  harm;  but  I  think  that,  during 
General  Burnside's  command  of  the  army,  you  have  taken  counsel  of 
your  ambition,  and  thwarted  him  as  much  as  you  could,  in  which  you 
did  a  great  wrong  to  the  country,  and  to  a  most  meritorious  and  honor- 
able brother  officer.  I  have  heard,  in  such  a  way  as  to  believe  it,  of 
your  recently  saying,  that  both  the  army  and  the  Government  needed 
a  dictator.  Of  course,  it  was  not  for  this,  but  in  spite  of  it,  that  I 
have  given  you  the  command.  Only  those  generals  who  gain  successes 
can  set  up  dictators.  What  I  now  ask  of  you  is  military  success,  and 
I  will  risk  the  dictatorship.  The  Government  will  support  you  to 
the  utmost  of  its  ability,  which  is  neither  more  nor  less  than  it  has 
done,  and  will  do  for  all  commanders.  I  much  fear  that  the  spirit  you 
have  aided  to  infuse  into  the  army,  of  criticising  their  commander  and 
withholding  confidence  from  him,  will  now  turn  upon  you.  I  shall 
assist  you  as  far  as  I  can  to  put  it  down.  Neither  you  nor  Napoleon, 
if  he  were  again  alive,  could  get  any  good  out  of  an  army  while  such 
a  spirit  prevails  in  it.  And  now  beware  of  rashness.  Beware  of  rash- 
ness, but  with  energy  and  sleepless  vigilance  go  forward  and  give  us 
victories. 

Yours  very  truly, 

A.  Lincoln. 

General  Hooker,  to  some  extent,  reorganized  the  army  and 
set  vigorously  at  work  to  inspire  it  with  confidence.     During 


126       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xn.  Picket  Duty  and  Culture  Resumed.  Spring,  1863] 

the  months  of  February,  March  and  the  forepart  of  April, 
the  weather  was  such  as  to  make  active  campaigning  quite  out 
of  the  question.  Camp  and  picket  duty  were  necessary  at 
all  times,  but  other  duties  were  suspended  in  stormy,  bad 
weather.  Many  leisure  hours  were  spent  in  the  log  chapel. 
The  religious  and  literary  exercises,  which  were  there  con- 
ducted, attracted  participants  from  other  regiments.  Moved 
by  its  invigorating  atmosphere  Col.  Rice  prepared  and  pro- 
cured to  be  published  in  the  New  York  Times  an  address  to 
the  people  of  the  State  of  New  York.  In  describing  that  ad- 
dress McKendree  Shaw  wrote  the  following  letter : 

"Camp  near  Falmouth,  Va. 

March  10,  1863. 
Bro.    Hosmer. 

The  following  address  is  signed  by  all  the  officers,  non-commis- 
sioned officers  and  privates  of  our  regiment,  with  perhaps  half  a  dozen 
exceptions.  It  embodies  the  spirit  of  the  soldier  and  its  publication  at 
this  time  will  undoubtedly  do  good  in  awakening  the  people  of  the 
entire  State  to  a  sense  of  their  obligations,  and  cause  chicken-hearted 
persons  at  home,  who  cry  'Peace  on  any  terms,'  to  blush  for  shame. 
Instead  of  soldiers  receiving  encouragement,  sympathy  and  support  at 
home,  they  are  obliged  not  to  ask  for  criticisms  on  Generals,  or  of  the 
actions  of  the  administration  to  crush  the  rebellion — not  to  be  dis- 
charged from  service — not  that  some  means  be  adopted  to  secure  a 
peace,  glorious  or  inglorious,  but  to  encourage  those  who  should  be 
their  friends  and  ask  for  their  support.  All  through  the  army  there 
seems  to  be  an  intense  hatred  to  this  dishonorable  'Peace  Party,'  the 
Copperheads.  Let  the  people  of  the  North  support  vigorous  prosecu- 
tion of  the  war  a  short  time  longer,  employing  all  the  means  that  God 
may  give  us,  and  we  will  again  have  a  glorious  government  under  the 
reign  of  peace.  If  the  Union  is  destroyed,  it  will  not  be  alone  by  the 
South,  but  also  by  the  North.     But  here  is  the  appeal. 

M.  Shaw." 

"Headquarters  44th  N.  Y.  Volunteers. 
Camp  near  Falmouth,  Va.,  March  7,  1863. 
An  Appeal  to  the  People  of  the  State  of  New  York. 
We  can  no  longer  keep  silent.     A  sacred  devotion  to  our  country,— 
an  ardent  love  for  our  homes,  and,  above  all,  an  abiding  faith  in  God, 
bid  us  speak.    For  nearly  two  years  we  have  suffered  all  things,  periled 
all   things,   endured  all   things   for  the  sake  of  our  common  country. 
We  have  left  our  business,  our  kindred,  our  friends,  the  firesides  of 
our  youth,  the  sacred  places  of  prayer — all,  all  the  nearest  and  dearest 
relations    of    life    to    serve    our    country.     We    have    endured    hunger, 
thirst,  cold  and  heat.     By  day  and  by  night  we  have  borne  the  weight 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      127 

(Chap.  Xn.  An  Appeal  for  Help.  March  7,  1863] 

of  our  knapsacks  and  the  weariness  of  the  march.  We  have  worked 
late  and  early  in  the  trenches,  we  have  bivouacked  in  the  swamps, 
we  have  suffered  sickness  in  the  hospitals,  we  have  not  been  spared 
from  'the  pestilence  that  walketh  in  darkness'  nor  from  'the  destruc- 
tion that  wasteth  at  noonday.'  We  have  never  shrunk  from  duty, 
but  rather  have  again  and  again  cheerfully  sought  death,  even  at  the 
cannon's  mouth,  to  save  our  Union  from  destruction,  our  homes  from 
disgrace,  and  you  and  your  children  from  eternal  shame.  When  we 
came  to  the  field  we  came  with  your  blessing.  You  told  us  to  go,  that 
God  and  your  most  fervent  prayers  would  follow  us.  Encouraged  by 
words  of  patriotism,  of  hope,  of  faith,  we  came  to  the  war.  After 
suffering  thus  much  in  behalf  of  you,  and  your  children,  and  the  na- 
tion's honor,  dear  alike  to  us  all,  will  you  withhold  from  us  now 
your  sympathy  and  support?  Will  you  join  with  these  worse  than 
traitors  at  the  North,  and  cry  peace  when  they  know  there  is  no  peace, 
and  can  be  none,  until  this  unholy  rebellion  is  crushed?  Will  you 
ally  yourselves  with  those  who,  by  word  of  discouragement  are  pro- 
longing the  war  and  who  are  thus  becoming  in  the  sight  of  Heaven 
and  earth  the  insidious  murderers  of  your  sons  and  brothers  now  in 
the  field?  Why  should  you  who  suffer  none  of  the  danger,  none  of 
the  privations  of  field  or  camp,  be  less  patriotic,  less  faithful,  less  hope- 
ful, less  confident  in  God  and  the  holy  cause  in  which  we  are  engaged, 
than  we,  who  endure  all?  Shall  the  future  historian,  in  writing  the 
record  of  this  great  struggle,  declare,  with  truthfulness,  that  the  people 
of  the  North,  having  sent  their  sons  to  the  field,  to  peril  their  lives 
for  the  safety  of  their  homes,  their  property,  and  the  National  govern- 
ment— having  poured  out  at  the  first  blush  of  their  patriotism,  their 
treasure  and  their  blood,  with  the  freeness  of  water,  at  length,  through 
their  indifference  and  apathy,  and  the  love  of  ease  and  luxury,  which 
the  war  engendered,  sought  the  unstable  terms  of  an  inglorious  peace, 
and  finally  became  only  subservient  to  those  whom  they  attempted  to 
subdue?  That  this  shall  not  be  the  record  of  the  people  of  the  Empire 
State,  with  your  sympathy  and  hearty  co-operation,  we,  the  under- 
signed ofiicers,  non-commissioned  officers  and  privates  of  the  44th 
Regiment  of  New  York  Volunteers,  representing  every  county  from 
Lake  Erie  to  the  Ocean,  have  pledged  anew  our  lives  and  our  sacred 
honor.  For  we  feel  assured  if  you  seek  peace,  on  any  terms  less  than 
that  of  an  entire  submission  on  the  part  of  the  traitors  in  arms  to 
the  government  of  the  United  States  that  that  peace  will  only  be 
temporary,  and  that  sooner  or  later,  you  will  be  obliged  to  send  your 
younger  sons  and  brothers  to  enrich  this  soil  already  fertile  with  the 
dead — younger  and  fresher  blood  to  crimson  the  streams  already  red 
with  the  slaughter." 

In  another  letter  for  publication  McKendree  Shaw  says : 

"Our   regiment   has   a   literary   society,   which   meets    semi-weekly 
for  discussion,  reading  of  essays,  poems,  papers,  etc.     Our  last  ques- 


128       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xn.  Reviewed  by  President  Lincoln.  March  26,  1863] 

tion  for  discussion  read,  'Resolved  that  American  Slavery  ought  to 
be  Abolished.'  But  few  were  willing  to  take  the  negative.  Those 
whom  we  had  supposed  to  be  strongly  tinctured  with  pro-slaveryism, 
declared  that  they  could  not  take  that  side.  Those  in  favor  of  emanci- 
pation were  not  only  listened  to  attentively,  but  were  applauded.  Our 
chapel  was  filled  and  the  most  sanguine  could  not  have  expected  so 
strong  an  anti-slavery  feeling.  True,  this  is  only  speaking  of  the 
feeling  in  the  Forty-Fourth  regiment,  but  I  think  the  feeling  is  spread- 
ing rapidly  through  the  army." 

During  the  latter  part  of  March  President  Lincoln  visited 
the  army  and  on  the  26th  reviewed  the  5th  Corps.  General 
Butterfield  became  Chief  of  Staff,  General  Meade  was  placed 
in  command  of  the  5th  Corps,  General  Griffin  was  continued 
in  command  of  the  ist  Division,  Col,  Stockton  of  the  i6th 
Mich,  was  placed  in  command  of  the  3d  Brigade,  and  Col. 
Rice  was  in  command  of  the  Forty-Fourth  N,  Y.  Lieut.  Frank 
M.  Kelley  was  appointed  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant  General  of 
the  3d  Brigade. 

Capt.  Nash  was  appointed  Acting  Assistant  Inspector  Gen- 
eral of  the  3d  Brigade. 

The  following  letter  of  Col.  Rice  was  published  in  the 
Albany  Evening  Journal  about  the  first  of  February,  1863: 

THE    ELLSWORTH    REGIMENT. — WHAT    HAS    BECOME    OF    IT. 

"The  Forty-Fourth  Regiment  New  York  State  Volunteers,  was 
originally  composed  of  1023  men,  rank  and  file,  selected  from  the  dif- 
ferent towns  and  villages  throughout  the  State  of  New  York,  and  it 
entered  the  service  of  the  United  States  on  the  8th  day  of  August,  1861. 

The  average  height  of  the  rank  and  file  of  this  regiment  was  five 
feet  ten  and  one-half  inches,  and  more  than  four  hundred  of  the  same 
averaged  six  feet. 

The  average  age  of  the  rank  and  file  was  twenty  two  years.  On 
or  about  the  ist  of  November,  1861,  the  regiment  marched  into  Vir- 
ginia, forming  a  part  of  the  Third  Brigade  under  the  command  of 
General  Butterfield.  It  became  very  proficient  in  the  manual  of  arms 
and  battalion  drill,  through  the  efficiency  of  that  thorough  disciplinarian 
and  accomplished  officer. 

Since  the  ist  of  November,  1861,  this  regiment  has  marched  713 
miles,  performed  103  days  picket  and  fatigue  duty,  and  drilled  147 
days  on  an  average  of  five  hours  per  day. 

The  regiment  has  been  engaged  in  the  following  battles,  viz : 
Siege  of  Yorktown,  Hanover  Court  House,  Gaines  Mills,  Turkey 
Bend,  Malvern  Hill,  Second  Bull  Run,  Antietam,  Shepherdstown  Ford 
and  Fredericksburg. 

In  the  battle  of  Hanover  Court  House  the  regiment  lost  in  killed 


SERGEANT  GEORGE  W.  HOBART. 

Was  born  April  13,  1844,  in  Potter.  Yates  Co..  N.  Y. ;  resided  in 
that  town  until  his  enlistment  in  Company  C,  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  at 
Penn  Yan.  X.  ^'.,  on  August  30,  1862.  With  the  Company  joined  the 
regiment  in  the  held  in  1862  shortly  after  the  battle  of  Antietam; 
saw  constant  service  until  May.  1864.  Took  part  in  the  engagements 
at  Fredericksburg,  Va..  Richards  Eord,  Chancellorsville.  Middleburg, 
Gettysburg.  Jone's  Cross  Roads.  Bristoe  Station,  Rappahannock  Sta- 
tion. Mine  Run.  The  Wilderness.  Laurel  HilTand  Spottsylvania  Court 
House. 

On  Deceml;er  13th,  1862,  while  assisting  after  nightfall  in  remov- 
ing the  wounded  from  the  scene  of  the  Union  charge  at  Marye  s 
Heights,  Fredericksburg,  he  became  separated  from  his  Company,  and 
at  daybreak  was  compelled  to  run  the  gauntlet  of  Rebel  sharpshooters 
to  regain  his  command.  At  Gettysburg  he  was  woimded  in  the  left 
leg.  At  Spottsylvania  Court  House,  while  fighting  almost  within  the 
Confederate  lines,  he  was  struck  by  a  ball  or  piece  of  shell  in  the 
forehead,  and  on  becoming  conscious  he  made  an  effort  to  drag  him- 
self to  the  rear,  when  he  was  struck  in  the  right  hip  by  a  bullet  and 
rendered  helpless,  but  fortunately  was  soon  discovered  and  helped  to 
the  rear.  After  spending  three  months  in  the  hospital  was  trans- 
ferred to  9th  V.  R.  C.  Did  garrison  and  patrol  duty  at  and  near 
Washington  until  June  26,  1865.  when  he  was  discharged.  In  1886 
he  joined  the  J.  B.  Sloan  Post  No.  93.  G.  A.  R..  of  which  Post  he 
was  Commander   in   1889  and   1900. 


THE   lNL\V   YOInK     j 
PUBLIC  ^LIBRARY  I 


t; 


ASTOR.  LENOX 
TIL.DEN  FOUNDATIONS 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      129 

[Chap.  Xn.  "What  Became  of  the  44th  Regt."  Feb.,  1863] 

and  wounded  twenty-five  per  cent  of  its  force  engaged.  In  the  battle 
of  Gaines  Mills  the  loss  was  twenty  per  cent.  And  in  the  battle  of 
Malvern  Hill  the  loss  was  forty-five  per  cent.  At  the  latter  battle  the 
regiment  charged  at  a  critical  moment  in  the  fortunes  of  the  day,  upon 
an  entire  brigade  of  the  enemy,  put  it  to  flight  and  captured  its  stand 
of  colors. 

The  total  number,  rank  and  file  of  the  original  members  of  the 
regiment,  killed  and  wounded  is  314;  of  deaths  by  disease  67;  dis- 
charged for  disability  207 ;  detached  from  the  regiment  45 ;  promoted 
to  the  rank  of  commissioned  officers  in  this  and  other  regiments  32; 
discharged  by  order  of  the  Secretary  of  War  including  musicians  50. 

Of  the  original  rank  and  file  there  are  present  for  duty  at  this 
date,  229;  present  sick  in  camp,  9;  absent  sick,  125. 

Recapitulation  of  the  original  members  of  the  Regiment,  rank 
and   file: 

Killed    113 

Wounded    201 

Died   of   disease 67 

Discharged    for    disability 207 

Detached  from  the  Regiment 45 

Promoted    32 

Discharged    by    order 50 

Present   for  duty 229 

Present  sick  in  camp 9 

Absent,    sick    125 

1078 
Less  wounded  returned  to  duty 55 

1023 

The  regiment  has  recruited  since  its  organization  181,  of  which  eight 
have  been  killed  or  wounded,  five  have  died  of  disease,  five  have  been 
discharged  for  disability,  two  detached  from  the  regiment,  one  pro- 
moted to  the  rank  of  commissioned  officer  in  this  regiment,  present 
for  duty  116;  present  sick  22;  absent  sick  22. 
Recapitulation  of  recruits  received: 

Killed   I 

Wounded  7 

Died  of  disease  5 

Discharged   for   disability 5 

Detached    2 

Promoted    i 

Present  for  duty 116 

Present   sick    22 

Absent  sick   22 

Total    181 


I30       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xn.  Incompetency  Inquiry.  Feb.,  1863I 

Companies  C  and  E  are  composed  of  the  recruits  above  mentioned, 
and  entered  the  service  after  the  battle  of  Antietam. 

Recapitulation  of  the  total  strength  of  the  regiment  at  this  date: 

Killed    1 14 

Wounded    208 

Died    72 

Discharged    for    disability 212 

Discharged  by  order  Sec.  of  War 50 

Detached    47 

Promoted    33 

For    duty    345 

Present    sick    31 

Absent   sick    147 

I2S9 

No  accurate  account  of  the  number  of  the  wounded  that  have  died 
from  their  wounds,  or  been  discharged  on  account  thereof,  has  as  yet 
been  received  by  the  Adjutant  of  the  regiment,  and  therefore,  all  such 
of  the  rank  and  file  have  been  included  under  the  head  of  discharged 
for  disability,  and  those  of  the  wounded  who  are  absent  and  unfit  for 
duty  are  included  among  the  absent  sick. 

The  following  officers  of  the  regiment  have  been  wounded,  viz : 
Lieut.  Col.  Conner,  Major  Chapin,  Adjutant  Knox,  Captains,  Larrabee, 
Nash,  Vanderlip,  Shaffer,  Becker,  Gibbs,  McRoberts,  and  Woodworth, 
Lieutenants,  Fox,  Hardenburg,  Kelley,  Graves  and  Gaskill. 

Five  officers  were  on  detached  service;  three  had  resigned,  and 
two  had  died  before  the  first  engagement. 

In  several  battles  not  all  of  the  regiment  was  engaged,  a  large 
number  of  soldiers  having  been  left  as  camp  guard. 

Dated  Feby.  ist,  1863. 

Commanders  are  sometimes  charged  with  over  statement  of 
battle  losses,  but  in  Col.  Rice's  article  above,  the  reverse  is 
true,  as  he  reports  but  one  killed  and  7  wounded  of  the  two 
companies,  whereas  Co.  C,  alone  had  one  man  killed  and  ten 
wounded,  and  a  list  of  their  names  is  in  hand. 

Many  means  were  taken  to  restore  confidence  among  the 
troops  and  add  to  their  efficiency.  Steps  were  taken  to  rid 
the  army  of  incompetent  and  unworthy  commissioned  officers. 
To  that  end  a  Commission  was  appointed  in  the  5th  Corps  to 
inquire  into  the  habits,  competency  and  fitness  of  officers  or- 
dered before  it.  In  making  the  test  quite  a  rigid  examination 
was  held. 

General  Butterfield,  the  resourceful  Chief  of  Staff,  devised 
corps  badges  to  be  worn  on  the  hat  or  cap,  to  indicate  to  what 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      131 

Chap.  Xn.  Identification  Badges  Adopted.  March,  1863] 

command  the  soldier  belonged.  The  Maltese  Cross  was  the 
emblem  of  the  5th  Corps.  The  ist  Division  was  indicated  by 
a  red  badge,  the  2d  Division  by  a  white  badge,  the  3d  Di- 
vision by  a  blue  badge.  The  other  corps  had  distinctive 
badges  and  the  different  divisions  were  indicated  in  a  similar 
manner.  Early  in  the  month  of  April  an  order  was  issued 
permitting  fifteen  days  furloughs  to  be  given  to  three  mem- 
bers of  each  company  in  the  different  regiments.  The  fur- 
loughs were  eagerly  sought.  Through  some  unfortunate  mis- 
take in  vaccinating,  small  pox  was  spread  through  the  entire 
20th  Me.  regiment  and  they  were  removed  to  a  separate  camp. 
In  the  month  of  April  frequent  rumors  spread  through 
the  army  that  a  movement  was  about  to  be  made.  From  time 
to  time  preparatory  orders  were  issued  and  countermanded, 
on  account  of  the  weather  or  the  condition  of  the  roads.  The 
irrevocable  order  came  at  last.  It  was  to  the  effect  that  the 
5th  Corps  was  to  move  at  11  o'clock  on  the  27th  day  of  April, 
with  8  days  rations.  This  meant  that  each  man  was  to  carry 
in  haversack  and  knapsack  his  supply  of  rations,  covering  that 
period.  Experience  proved  that  it  was  difficult  to  make  ra- 
tions hold  out  for  that  length  of  time,  carried  in  that  manner. 
The  morning  of  the  27th  day  of  April  was  clear  and  pleasant. 
The  camp  was  in  great  confusion  in  making  preparations  for 
the  start.  At  12  o'clock  M.  line  was  formed  and  the  move- 
ment began.  After  marching  about  8  miles  a  halt  was  made 
for  the  night  at  Hartwood  Church.  On  the  28th  march  was 
resumed  at  12  o'clock  M.,  and  no  halt  was  made  until  a  point 
on  the  Rappahannock  River  near  Kelley's  Ford  was  reached. 
The  distance  travelled  was  about  12  miles.  The  regiment 
bivouacked  about  2  miles  from  Kelley's  Ford.  Soon  as  the  nth 
and  1 2th  Corps  cleared  the  pontoon  bridge  at  Kelley's  Ford 
the  5th  Corps  began  to  cross.  After  crossing,  it  took  up  its 
line  of  march  for  Ely's  Ford  on  the  Rapidan,  which  place  was 
reached  about  5  o'clock  P.  M.  A  detachment  of  cavalry  forded 
the  river  and  dispersed  the  Confederate  cavalry,  posted  on  the 
other  side.  It  was  important  to  have  infantry  follow  the 
cavalry  with  as  much  dispatch  as  possible.  There  were  no 
pontoons  at  hand  with  which  to  build  a  bridge.  Col.  Rice  asked 
permission  of  General  Meade  to  take  the  lead  with  the  Forty- 
Fourth  in  fording  the  river.    It  did  not  require  much  persuasion 


132       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xn.  Chancellorsville.  April  27,  1863] 

to  obtain  permission.  Preparations  were  hastily  made,  the 
men  hung  their  cartridge  boxes  on  their  bayonets,  and  the 
crossing  began.  The  water  was  waist  deep,  quite  cold,  and 
the  current  very  swift.  As  a  matter  of  precaution  in  some  in- 
stances men  supported  each  other.  The  crossing  was  effected 
without  accident  and  with  very  little  delay.  After  crossing, 
the  regiment  moved  back  upon  the  heights  and  bivouacked  for 
the  night.  The  rest  of  the  division  soon  followed.  It  was  under- 
stood at  the  time  that  the  regulars,  which  composed  most 
of  our  2d  Division,  made  the  request  that  they  be  allowed  to 
wait  until  the  pontoon  bridge  was  laid  before  crossing,  and 
that  General  Meade  replied :  "It  does  not  hurt  regulars  to  get 
wet  any  more  than  it  does  volunteers."  A  march  of  21  miles 
had  been  made  in  the  course  of  which  two  rivers  were 
crossed.  On  the  morning  of  the  30th  the  advance  commenced 
about  6  o'clock,  proceeding  cautiously  toward  Chancellorsville, 
which  place  was  reached  about  11  o'clock  A.  M.  The  place, 
which  was  about  to  be  rendered  famous  by  the  operations  of 
the  next  few  days,  consisted  of  a  large  brick  house  at  the 
junction  of  two  cross  roads.  The  5th  Corps  was  here  joined 
by  the  nth  and  12th  Corps,  which  had  crossed  the  Rapidan 
River  at  Germanna  Ford.  The  position  here  reached  secured 
the  crossing  of  the  Rappahannock  River  at  U.  S.  Ford.  At 
this  time  the  ist,  3d  and  6th  Corps  had  successfully  crossed 
the  Rappahannock  below  Fredericksburg  and  were  in  posi- 
tion to  take  up  the  important  work  before  them.  At  this 
juncture  General  Hooker  issued  the  following  order : 

"Headquarters,  Army  of  the  Potomac, 

April  30,  1863. 
General  Order  No.  47. 

It  is  with  heartfelt  satisfaction  the  General  commanding  announces 
to  the  army  that  the  operations  of  the  last  three  days,  have  determined 
that  our  enemy  must  either  ingloriously  fly,  or  come  out  from  behind 
his  defenses  and  give  battle  on  our  own  ground,  where  certain  destruc- 
tion awaits  him. 

The  operations  of  the  5th,  nth  and  12th  corps  have  been  a  suc- 
cession of  splendid  achievements. 

By  command  of  Major  General  Hooker, 

S.  Williams, 
Asst.  Adj.  Genl." 

On  the  1st  day  of  May  the  next  important  step  in  the 
campaign  was  to  be  taken.     Early  in  the  morning  line  was 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      133 

[Chap.  Xn.  Chancellorsville.  May  i,  1863I 

formed  and  advance  was  made,  with  the  view  of  opening  up 
Bank's  Ford,  down  the  Rappahannock  toward  Fredericksburg. 
The  I  St  Division  formed  the  left  of  the  Hne  with  its  left  near 
the  river.  When  the  division  had  reached  a  point  within 
about  one  and  one  half  miles  from  Bank's  Ford,  and  within 
sight  of  it,  an  order  was  received  to  return  to  the  position 
it  occupied  in  the  morning.  No  reason  was  given  for  such  an 
order  and  none  could  be  required.  All  troops  in  advance 
were  ordered  to  return  and  a  general  line  of  battle  was  formed, 
extending  each  way  from  the  Chancellor  House  with  the  5th 
Corps  occupying  the  left  of  the  line,  its  left  resting  on  the 
river.  In  this  position  skirmishers  were  thrown  out  and 
strong  defensive  works  were  erected.  At  this  stage  of  the 
engagement  our  troops  were  cheered  with  the  prospects  that 
we  were  to  fight  behind  entrenchments.  About  one  o'clock 
in  the  morning  of  May  2d,  with  the  view  of  contracting  the 
general  line,  our  brigade  took  a  new  position  about  one  and 
a  half  miles  nearer  U.  S.  Ford,  where  new  strong  defensive 
works  were  erected,  and  a  strong  line  of  skirmishers  thrown 
out. 

On  the  morning  of  the  3d  the  nth  Corps,  which  had  been 
disadvantageously  attacked,  and  driven  from  its  position  on 
the  evening  of  the  2d,  relieved  the  5th  Corps  and  the  5th  Corps 
was  moved  to  the  right  center  of  the  general  line.  On  taking 
this  new  position  skirmishers  were  thrown  out  and  strong 
breastworks  were  thrown  up.  This  position  being  considered 
important,  special  instructions  were  given  that  it  must  be  held 
at  all  hazards.  The  3d  Brigade  set  cheerfully  at  work  to 
comply  with  the  order.  It  never  feared  a  front  attack  when 
advantageously  posted.  In  this  position  the  brigade  remained 
until  2  o'clock  A.  M.  on  Wednesday  the  6th,  From  time  to 
time  during  the  interval  heavy  skirmish  firing,  both  night  and 
day,  was  had  on  our  front  but  there  was  no  general  engage- 
ment. It  was  at  this  time  that  the  woods  between  the  fines 
became  on  fire,  in  which  the  wounded  perished  in  great  agony 
and  the  dead  were  consumed.  The  origin  of  the  fire  is  not 
known.  It  is  charitable  to  assume  the  fire  was  caused  by  acci- 
dent. At  dark  on  the  evening  of  Tuesday,  May  5th,  the  army 
commenced  its  movement  to  the  rear.  The  first  division  acted 
as  rear  guard  of  the  army.    At  2  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  May 


134       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xn.  ChancellorsTille  a  Failure.  May  6,  1863] 

6th,  the  balance  of  the  army  having  withdrawn,  our  division 
gradually  and  cautiously  fell  back,  the  different  brigades  form- 
ing alternate  lines  of  battle.  During  the  forepart  of  the  night 
a  heavy  rain  storm  set  in,  which  was  advantageous  in  con- 
cealing the  movements  of  our  troops  but  which  rendered  the 
rearward  movement  difficult  and  tedious.  The  U.  S.  Ford  on 
the  Rappahannock  was  reached  and  crossed  on  pontoon  bridges 
about  8  o'clock.  On  reaching  the  North  side  of  the  river  the 
brigade  took  up  its  line  of  march  for  its  old  camp  ground  at 
Stoneman's  Switch,  which  was  reached  about  4  or  5  o'clock  P. 
M.  After  a  strenuous  campaign  of  9  days,  the  regiment  had, 
for  the  third  time,  returned  to  this  same  camping  ground. 
During  the  campaign  the  regiment  lost  in  wounded  3  on  May 
I  St,  2  on  May  3d  and  one  on  May  4th.  The  number  of  casual- 
ties were  verified  by  the  diary  of  Sergeant  Hatch  of  Company 
A.  The  small  number  of  losses  is  attributable  to  the  lack  of 
opportunity  to  become  more  seriously  engaged.  The  Forty- 
Fourth  was  the  first  infantry  regiment  to  reach  the  zone  of 
the  battlefield  at  Chancellorsville.  It  was  present  and  ready 
for  duty  during  the  entire  engagement,  and  took  part  with 
the  I  St  Division  in  acting  as  rear  guard  in  covering  the  re- 
treat of  the  army.  The  lack  of  opportunity  to  become  more 
aggressive  in  the  battle  could  not  be  attributed  to  General 
Meade,  who  commanded  the  5th  Corps.  Accompanied  by  Lieut. 
Col.  A.  S.  Webb,  his  Assistant  Inspector  General,  he  rode  to 
General  Hooker's  headquarters,  while  the  terrible  assault  was 
being  made  on  the  3d  Corps,  and  advised  and  urged  that  the 
5th  Corps  and  the  ist  Corps  should  be  ordered  to  attack  the 
enemy  in  their  front,  in  order  to  relieve  the  pressure  on  the 
3d  Corps.  The  prearrangement  for  the  campaign  seems  to 
have  been  well  considered,  the  first  stages  of  its  execution,  suc- 
cessfully accomplished,  but  later  on  there  appeared  to  be  a 
failure  to  comprehend  the  movements  of  the  enemy,  or  to 
provide  adequate  counter  movements  to  meet  them.  Surely, 
the  failure  could  not  be  attributed  to  a  lack  of  zeal  or  per- 
sistent fighting  on  the  part  of  our  army. 
General  Meade,  in  his  report,  says : 

"To  the  men  under  their  command  (division  officers)  I  can  not 
adequately  express  the  satisfaction  with  which  I  witnessed  their  ready 
and  cheerful  obedience  to  all  orders,  their  submission  to  privation  and 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      135 

[Chap.  Xn.  i2th  and  17th  N.  Y.  Discharged.  May,  1863] 

exposure,  night  marches  in  mud  and  rain,  fording  deep  streams,  using 
the  axe  and  the  spade  more  than  the  musket,  and  ready  at  all  times 
to  go  forward  and  meet  the  enemy.  It  is  such  service  as  this  that  tries 
and  makes  the  real  soldier." 

The  recent  reverses  had  not  modified  the  impending  issues 
nor  dispelled  in  the  army  the  hope  and  expectation  of  the 
final  victory  of  the  Union  cause.  A  start  was  about  to  be 
made  in  a  new  campaign.  The  army  looked  to  the  future 
with  undiminished  confidence,  while  its  footsteps  were  point- 
ing to  the  rear.  The  few  days  repose  after  returning  from 
Chancellorsville  w'ere  spent  in  resting  and  removing  from 
the  person  and  clothing  a  liberal  accumulation  of  Virginia  mud. 
On  the  17th  day  of  May  the  12th  and  17th  regiments  of  N,  Y. 
Vols,  left  the  brigade  for  home,  their  terms  of  service  hav- 
ing expired.  The  20th  Me.,  which  had  been  in  a  camp,  removed 
from  the  rest  of  the  brigade  on  account  of  smallpox,  returned 
to  its  place.  The  brigade  now  consisted  of  the  83d  Penn.,  the 
i6th  Mich.,  the  20th  Me.  and  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  On 
the  i8th  Col.  Stockton  of  the  i6th  Mich.,  who  had  been  in 
command  of  the  brigade  for  several  months,  resigned  and 
Col.  Strong  Vincent  of  the  83d  Penn.,  succeeded  to  the  com- 
mand. On  the  19th  General  Hooker  reviewed  the  army  on 
the  heights  back  of  Falmouth,  in  plain  sight  of  the  Confederate 
army.  On  the  20th  camp  was  struck  and  a  final  movement 
was  made  from  Stoneman's  Switch.  A  new  camp  was  es- 
tablished about  2  miles  from  the  old  one.  On  reaching  the 
new  ground,  work  was  at  once  begun  to  put  the  camp  into 
proper  condition.  Major  Knox  took  charge  of  having  a  fine 
flag  pole  erected.  On  the  23d,  Col.  Rice  left  on  a  short  leave 
of  absence.  While  here  company,  battalion  and  brigade  drills 
were  resumed.  On  the  28th  tents  were  struck  and  the  regi- 
ment marched  to  Banks'  Ford,  where  it  remained  until  the 
4th  day  of  June,  guarding  the  river.  The  rest  of  the  brigade 
was  stationed  at  different  fords  farther  up  the  river.  While 
at  this  place  the  Confederate  pickets  became  quite  commu- 
nicative. Our  troops  and  the  Confederates  bathed  at  the  same 
time  in  the  river,  each  keeping  on  their  own  side.  On  the  4th 
day  of  June,  march  was  resumed  to  Grove  Church,  a  distance 
of  12  miles.  On  the  next  day  march  continued  to  Ellis'  Ford, 
where  we  remained  until  the  9th.    On  the  8th  Lieut.  Col.  Con- 


136       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xn.  The  Army  Moves.  June  9,  1863] 

ner  returned  to  the  regiment,  having  been  absent,  wounded, 
since  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg.  At  one  o'clock  A.  M.  on 
the  9th  a  march  was  made  to  Kemper's  Ford  on  the  Rappa- 
hannock. On  the  nth  orders  came  to  send  to  the  rear  all 
surplus  baggage,  all  who  were  sick  or  disabled  and  be  ready- 
to  move  at  a  moment's  notice,  with  3  days  rations.  Every- 
thing being  in  readiness  on  the  13th  at  7  o'clock  P.  M.  a  march 
of  7  miles  was  made  to  Morrisville,  arriving  there  at  1 1  o'clock 
P.  M.  Here  we  became  reunited  with  the  rest  of  the  division. 
March  was  continued  the  next  day  to  Catlett's  Station,  on  the 
line  of  the  Orange  and  Alexandria  Railroad — reaching  there 
at  8  o'clock  P.  M.,  and  bivouacking  for  the  night.  The  dis- 
tance marched  was  13  miles.  We  started  at  5 130  A.  M.  on  the 
15th,  and  marched  to  Manassas  Junction,  where  we  remained 
until  the  17th.  We  had  now  reached  the  vicinity  of  the  old 
Bull  Run  battlefield.  It  became  an  important  inquiry  among 
the  troops  as  to  whether  or  not  we  were  going  to  pass  this 
historic  field  without  adding  another  chapter  to  the  war.  At 
an  early  hour  on  the  17th  march  was  resumed,  23  miles  were 
made  and  we  encamped  in  the  woods  near  Gum  Springs.  The 
sun  was  hot,  the  roads  were  quite  dusty  and  many  were  obliged 
to  fall  out.  On  the  19th  the  command  marched  to  Aldie,  a  dis- 
tance of  5  miles,  and  bivouacked  for  the  night.  On  the  21st 
the  1st  Division  under  General  Barnes,  was  ordered  to  report 
to  General  Pleasanton.  In  pursuance  of  such  order  the  di- 
vision started  for  Middleburg  about  one  o'clock  A.  M.  On 
reaching  that  place,  the  3d  Brigade,  under  Col.  Vincent,  ad- 
vanced, and  cooperated  with  the  cavalry  under  General  Gregg. 
The  Confederate  Cavalry,  under  General  Stuart,  were  strongly 
posted  behind  a  stone  wall,  perpendicular  to  the  Ashby  Gap 
road.  A  front  and  flank  attack  soon  dislodged  them.  Our 
cavalry  followed  in  pursuit  until  Crummer's  Run  was  reached, 
where  the  enemy  made  a  strong  resistance  and  opened  a  brisk 
artillery  fire.  Again  our  brigade  advanced,  fording  the  stream, 
and  sent  the  enemy  whirling  to  the  rear.  The  fighting  con- 
tinued, with  the  same  success  to  the  Union  troops,  until  Goose 
Creek  was  reached,  where  the  Confederates  took  advantage 
of  a  stone  wall,  commanding  the  defile  and  bridge  by  which 
the  Union  troops  must  pass.  The  creek  not  being  fordable, 
the  i6th  Mich.,  led  by   Capt.   Fuller,  gallantly  rushed  over 


'""the  NEV/  YO R K 
PUBLIC  LIBRARY 

ASTOF        ' 
I  TILDEN  F'" 


LEROY  J.  HOOKER. 

Born  Oct.  25.  1840  at  Perrysburg,  N.  Y.,  enlisted  in  the  44th  regi- 
ment in  Sept.  1861.  He  saw  active  service  until  spring  of  1862  when, 
because  of  sickness  brought  on  by  exposure  during  the  winter,  he  was 
sent  to  the  hospital  and  his  physical  condition  becoming  much  reduced ; 
he  was  compelled  to  accept  discharge  and  returned  home. 

Later  he  engaged  in  farming  until  his  removal  to  Jamestown  in 
1891.  In  189s  he  became  assistant  doorkeeper  in  the  House  of  Repre- 
sentatives, which  position  he  filled  faithfully  and  conscientiously  until 
his  death  June  28.  1908,  at  his  home.  Falconer,  N.  Y. 


HULL  M.  HOOKER. 

Born  at  Perrysburg.  N.  Y.,  July  27,  1842,  enlisted  in  the  44th  Regi- 
ment N.  Y.  Vols,  in  September  1861.  He  went  to  the  front  in  Oc- 
tober and  gave  continuous  service  until  he  was  wounded  at  the  Bat- 
tle of  Hanover  Court  House,  May  21,  1862.  and  instantly  killed  at 
the  Battle  of  Gaines  Mills,  Va.,  June  27,  1862. 

An  unselfish  disposition,  willingness  to  befriend  those  in  need, 
courtesy  and  politeness  toward  comrades  and  officers,  faithful  dis- 
charge of  duty  in  all  places  and  undaunted  bravery  are  some  of  the 
traits  attributed  to  this  son  of  Freedom  bv  those  who  knew  him  best. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY       137 

(Chap.  Xn.  Upperville  and  Aldie.  June  21,  1863] 

the  bridge,  up  to  the  stone  wall,  under  a  severe  fire,  dislodging 
the  enemy  and  capturing  a  number  of  prisoners.  The  enemy 
again  fled  followed  by  the  cavalry,  who  drove  them  into  and 
beyond  Upperville.  The  infantry,  considerably  fatigued,  could 
not  keep  up  with  the  cavalry.  They  followed  as  fast  as  their 
tired  condition  would  permit  to  a  point  near  Upperville,  and 
took  position  in  support  of  the  artillery.  At  6  o'clock  P.  M. 
Col.  Tilton,  commanding  ist  Brigade,  relieved  the  3d  Brigade, 
which  moved  a  short  distance  to  the  rear  and  bivouacked  for 
the  night.  On  the  22d  our  brigade  returned  to  its  camp  near 
Aldie.  During  this  engagement  Col.  Conner  was  in  command 
of  the  20th  Me.  In  the  engagement  the  Forty-Fourth  lost  i 
killed  and  2  wounded.  This  movement  developed  the  fact 
that  none  of  the  Confederate  infantry  had  passed  through 
the  gap  to  the  east  side  of  the  Blue  Ridge. 

While  in  camp  at  Aldie  80  men  from  14th  N.  Y.  Vols., 
whose  terms  of  service  had  not  expired  when  that  regiment, 
which  was  a  two  years'  regiment,  was  mustered  out,  were 
transferred  to  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  and  were  distributed 
among  the  different  companies.  A  large  proportion  of  these 
transferred  men  became  members  of  the  Forty-Fourth  only  on 
paper,  never  joining  it  in  person.  In  some  instances  the  odious 
word  "deserted"  appeared  opposite  a  soldier's  name,  but  lack 
of  definite  information  prevented  the  officers  of  the  Forty- 
Fourth  from  determining  the  truth  or  falsity  of  such  record, 
greatly  to  their  regret. 

Not  far  from  our  camp  at  Aldie,  stood  the  country  resi- 
dence of  President  Monroe,  then  owned  by  Major  Fairfax, 
who  was  absent  in  the  Confederate  Army.  The  original  pro- 
prietor was  present  to  the  minds  of  many,  but  the  present  pro- 
prietor was  absent  from  sight.  Many  of  our  soldiers  visited 
the  place  and  v^uld  have  been  much  pleased  to  have  met  the 
proprietor.  The  country  in  this  part  of  Virginia  is  productive 
and  beautiful. 

On  the  26th  our  corps  left  camp  at  Aldie,  passing  through 
Carter's  Mills  and  Leesburg,  crossing  the  Potomac  at  Edwards 
Ferry  and  bivouacked  for  the  night  at  Poolville,  Md.,  having 
made  a  march  of  20  miles. 

Starting  at  an  early  hour  the  next  day  a  march  of  20 
miles  was  made  to  a  point  near  Frederick  City,  Md.    The  coun- 


138       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

Chap.  Xn.  Hooker  Relinquished  Command.  June  37,  1863] 

try  through  which  we  passed  was  beautiful  and  the  people 
loyal  and  friendly.  We  remained  in  camp  all  day  on  the  28th. 
General  Hooker,  becoming  dissatisfied  with  the  dictation  from 
Washington,  resigned  the  command  of  the  army.  The  ne- 
cessity for  making  a  change  of  commanders  of  the  army  at 
this  juncture  was  deplorable.  The  affairs  of  the  country  had 
become  such  as  to  cause  widespread  anxiety  among  the  people. 
A  great  battle  was  imminent,  the  enemy  was  confident  and  ag- 
gressive, and  a  misstep  now  might  mean  defeat  for  the  army 
and  dire  disaster  for  the  country.  The  selection  of  a  proper 
commander  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  still  in  an  experi- 
mental stage. 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      139 

(Chap.  xm.  Meade  Succeeds  Hooker.  June  27,  1863 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

MAJOR   GENERAL   GEORGE   G.    MEADE    IS   ORDERED  TO   TAKE 

COMMAND  OF  THE  ARMY  OF  THE  POTOMAC THE 

BATTLE  OF  GETTYSBURG. 

President  Lincoln  relieved  General  Hooker  from  command 
and  issued  an  order,  making  Maj,  Gen.  George  G.  Meade  his 
successor.  General  Meade  had  distinguished  himself  by  his 
gallantry  and  fidelity  in  a  subordinate  position,  but  placing 
him  in  command  of  the  army  was,  in  a  measure,  experimental. 
The  order  placing  him  in  command  was  made  without  con- 
sulting him,  was  imperative,  leaving  no  option  but  to  assume 
the  responsible  duty.  The  Confederate  Army,  well  commanded 
and  confident  of  success,  was  concentrating  for  the  terrible  con- 
flict which  was  about  to  follow. 

The  follovdng  orders  were  issued : 

Sandy  Hook,  June  27,  1863,  i   P.M. 
Maj.  Genl.  H.  W.  Halleck, 

Commander  in  Chief. 
My  original  instructions  require  me  to  cover  Harpers  Ferry  and 
Washington.  I  have  now  imposed  on  me  in  addition  an  enemy  in  my 
front  of  more  than  my  number.  I  beg  to  be  understood,  respectfully, 
but  firmly,  that  I  am  unable  to  comply  with  this  condition  with  the 
means  at  my  disposal,  and  earnestly  request  that  I  may  at  once  be 
relieved  from  the  position  I  occupy. 

Joseph  Hooker, 

Major  General. 

War  Department  Adjutant    General's  Office 

Washington,  June  27,  1863. 
General   Orders 
No.   194 

By  direction  of  the  President  Major  General  Hooker  is  relieved 
from  command  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  Major  General  George 
G.  Meade  is  appointed  to  the  command  of  that  army,  and  of  the  troops 
temporarily  assigned  to  duty  with  it. 

E.  D.   TOWNSEND, 

Adjutant  General. 


I40       44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xm.  Safety  of  the  Capital.  June  28,  1863] 

Frederick,  Md.,  June  28,  1863,  7  A.M. 
General  H.  W.  Halleck, 

General  in  Chief. 
The  order  placing  me  in  command  of  this  army  is  received.  As 
a  soldier  I  obey  it,  and  to  the  utmost  of  my  ability  will  execute  it. 
Totally  unexpected  as  it  has  been,  and  in  ignorance  of  the  exact  con- 
dition of  the  troops,  and  position  of  the  enemy,  I  can  only  now  say 
that  it  appears  to  me  I  must  move  toward  the  Susquehanna  keeping 
Washington  and  Baltimore  well  covered,  and  if  the  enemy  is  checked  in 
his  attempt  to  cross  the  Susquehanna,  or  if  he  turns  toward  Baltimore 
to  give  him  battle.  I  would  say  that  I  trust  every  available  man  that 
can  be  spared  will  be  sent  to  me,  as,  from  all  accounts,  the  enemy  is 
in  strong  force.  So  soon  as  I  can  post  myself  up  I  will  communicate 
more  in  detail. 

Geo.  G.  Meade, 

Major  General. 

The  safety  of  the  Capital  and  the  destiny  of  the  Nation 
hung  in  the  balance.  The  grand  Army  of  the  Potomac,  which 
never  faltered  in  the  performance  of  its  duty,  was  ready  to 
give  a  good  account  of  itself,  if  properly  marshalled.  Maj. 
Gen.  George  Sykes  succeeded  General  Meade  in  command  of 
the  5th  Corps,  Gen.  Butterfield,  who  had  been  the  efficient 
Chief  of  Staff  under  General  Hooker,  was  continued  in  that 
position  under  the  new  commander.  The  army  remained  in 
position  on  the  28th,  in  order  that  the  new  commander  might 
make  himself  familiar  with  the  general  situation. 

At  8  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  29th  the  5th  Corps  was 
again  put  in  motion.  When  the  Forty-Fourth  passed  through 
Frederick  City,  it  marched  in  column  by  platoon,  with  flag 
flying  and  drums  beating.  The  manifestation  of  loyalty  and 
good  will  on  the  part  of  the  people  of  Frederick  City  was 
truly  inspiring.  The  buildings  were  profusely  decorated  with 
flags  and  bunting,  and  the  people  in  many  ways  displayed  their 
sympathy.  There  was  quite  a  contrast  between  the  reception 
our  troops  received  in  this  place  and  the  reception  they  were 
accustomed  to  receive  in  the  State  of  Virginia.  Continuing 
our  march,  we  passed  through  Liberty  and  after  making  a 
march  of  18  miles,  halted  for  the  night  between  Liberty  and 
Johnsville.  It  rained  hard  during  the  night  and  the  troops 
got  pretty  well  soaked.  On  the  30th  the  bugle  sounded  the 
reveille  before  daylight  and  at  4 :30  A.  M.  march  was  resumed, 
our  brigade  leading  the  corps  and  our  regiment  leading  the 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      141 

[Chap.  Xm.  En  Route  to  Gettysburg.  July  i,  1863] 

brigade.  We  passed  through  Johnsville,  Middletown,  Union- 
town,  Frizellburgh  and  bivouacked  for  the  night  at  Union  Mills, 
having  marched  about  23  miles.  After  passing  through  Frizell- 
burgh our  regiment  had  skirmishers  out  during  the  rest  of 
the  day.  The  precaution  taken  in  marching  indicated  that  a 
point  had  been  reached  where  the  enemy  might  be  expected. 
On  July  I  St,  march  was  resumed  about  8  o'clock  A.  M.  About 
noon,  the  line  between  the  States  of  Maryland  and  Pennsyl- 
vania was  crossed.  This  circumstance  awakened  great  en- 
thusiasm among  the  troops.  Flags  were  unfurled,  drums  beat, 
bands  played  and  the  troops  voluntarily  changed  from  the  "rout 
step"  to  regular  order.  The  people  hailed  with  delight  the  ad- 
vent of  the  army.  The  day  before,  this  country  had  been 
over  run  by  Confederate  cavalry,  who  appropriated,  unspar- 
ingly, horses,  provisions  and  other  property.  The  people  and 
our  army  were  of  one  sentiment  and  in  hearty  accord.  Han- 
over was  reached  late  in  the  afternoon.  While  here  it  was 
learned  that  the  ist  and  nth  Corps  had  been  assailed  by  over- 
whelming numbers  at  Gettysburg,  and  after  a  desperate  bat- 
tle, lasting  nearly  all  day,  were  driven  back  with  great  loss. 
It  was  also  learned  that  the  gallant  General  Reynolds,  who 
was  in  command  of  our  troops,  was  killed.  This  news  caused 
a  change  in  the  plan  for  the  night.  While  preparing  supper, 
orders  were  received  to  march  at  once  to  Gettysburg.  Before 
the  arrival  of  the  infantry,  there  had  been  a  sharp  engage- 
ment of  cavalry  in  the  streets  of  Hanover,  in  which  the  Con- 
federates were  defeated.  After  a  short  rest,  our  weary  troops 
continued  their  march  towards  Gettysburg,  passing  through 
McSherrystown  and  Irishtown.  All  along  the  route,  the  people 
extended  words  of  cheer  and  welcome  and  in  many  instances 
proffered  such  refreshments  as  they  had.  About  one  o'clock 
A.  M.  of  July  2d  a  halt  for  rest  was  made  about  4  or  5  miles 
from  the  battlefield.  About  3  130  A.  M.  the  bugle  sounded  the 
reveille,  and  after  partaking  of  a  hasty  breakfast,  our  corps 
was  again  put  in  motion,  reaching  the  battlefield  about  7  o'clock 
A.  M.  The  corps  halted  in  reserve  near  the  right  of  the  gen- 
eral line.  Arms  were  stacked  and  the  troops  were  allowed 
to  rest  in  position.  On  reaching  the  field  fuller  accounts  of 
the  first  day's  battle  were  received.  It  was  then  learned  that 
the  skirmishers  of  the  Confederate  infantry  advanced  from 


142       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xm  Gettysburg,  First  Day.  July  i,  1863] 

the  North  and  West  on  Buford's  Cavalry  Videttes  at  an 
early  hour  on  the  morning  of  the  first  day  of  July.  In  the 
outset  our  troops  consisted  of  only  2  small  brigades  of  cavalry, 
who  fought  dismounted.  Although  attacked  by  a  superior  in- 
fantry force,  they  succeeded  in  holding  their  position  until 
relieved  by  the  ist  Corps  under  General  Reynolds,  which 
began  to  arrive  about  10  o'clock  A.  M.  As  fast  as  the  ad- 
vance detachments  of  the  ist  Corps  reached  the  field,  they 
became  at  once  engaged.  While  directing  the  posting  of  his 
troops  as  they  arrived,  the  gallant  General  Reynolds  was  killed 
and  the  command  of  his  corps  devolved  on  General  Abner 
Doubleday.  The  loss  of  so  prominent  a  General  at  that  crit- 
ical time  was  sorely  felt.  Later  on  the  nth  Corps  came  upon 
the  field  and  at  once  became  engaged.  The  Confederates  ad- 
vanced from  the  West  and  North  over  27,000  strong,  while 
the  two  corps  pitted  against  them  numbered  only  a  little  over 
18,000.  Although  fighting  desperately,  our  troops  engaged 
out-numbered,  out-flanked  and  about  4  o'clock  P.  M.,  were 
driven  from  their  position,  with  a  loss  of  more  than 
8,000.  On  the  death  of  General  Reynolds,  General  Howard 
assumed  command  of  the  forces  engaged,  which  in  their  rear- 
ward movement  from  their  first  position  were  formed  on 
the  East  and  South  side  of  the  town  on  what  is  known  as 
Cemetery  Hill.  About  6  o'clock  P.  M.  the  3d  and  12th  Corps 
began  to  arrive  on  the  field.  The  new  general  line  was  formed 
with  the  I2th  Corps  on  Gulps  Hill  on  the  right,  the  nth  Corps 
on  its  left  on  Cemetery  Hill,  the  2d  Corps  on  its  left  in  con- 
tinuation of  the  line  and  the  3d  Corps  to  the  left  of  the  2d 
Corps.  Geary's  Division  of  the  12th  Corps  occupied  a  de- 
tached position  near  Little  Round  Top,  but  joined  the  balance 
of  the  1 2th  Corps  the  next  morning,  without  being  relieved 
by  any  other  troops. 

This  was  the  general  situation  when  the  5th  Corps  reached 
the  battlefield  at  7  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  July  2d.  The 
day  was  ushered  in  with  a  cloudless  sky.  The  events  that  oc- 
curred the  day  before,  the  hurried  concentration  of  the  army, 
the  spiteful  firing  along  the  picket  line,  an  occasional  exchange 
of  artillery  shots,  the  hurrying  to  and  fro  of  staff  officers  and 
orderlies,  were  unmistakable  signs  that  a  great  battle  was 
about  to  be  fought.    Important  questions  of  State  as  well  as 


DEFENSE  OF  LITTLE  ROUND  TOP. 

The  map  on  the  reverse  of  this  leaf  shows,  approximately,  the 
positions  of  the  forces  engaged  at  and  adjacent  to  Little  Round  Top 
between  the  hours  of  3:30  and  7:00  p.m.,  July  2,  1863,  commonly 
known  as  "Longstreet's  Charge  on  Little  Round  Top." 

The  contours  are  located  for  every  change  of  eight  feet  in  eleva- 
tion. The  datum  plane  is  taken  at  500  feet  below  the  surface  at 
Gettysburg,  Cemetery  Hill.  The  elevations  of  Round  Top,  Little 
Round  Top  and  the  bed  of  Plum  Run  creek  are  given  on  the  map  as 
respectively,  661,  548  and  380  feet  above  the  datum  plane  mentioned. 
An  attempt  is  made  to  show  that  the  surface  at  and  immediately 
adjacent  to  Little  Round  Top  was  covered  with  trees  and  immense 
boulders. 

The  Confederate  line  of  battle  was  formed  for  this  assault  about 
one  mile  westwardly  from  Little  Round  Top  (outside  the  limits  of 
this  map)  and  at  about  4  o'clock  p.m.,  moved  in  several  lines  to- 
wards Little  Round  Top  and  the  elevated  valley  or  plateau  between 
that  summit  and  Round  Top.  By  figures  given  on  the  map  are  de- 
signated the  hours  at  which  the  several  Confederate  organizations 
started  from  their  positions  in  the  main  line,  and  by  broken  lines 
the  routes  they  traversed  and  approximately  the  points  reached  by 
them  before  being  repulsed.  No  attempt  is  made  to  locate  artillery 
(except  Hazlett's  Battery  and  Gibb's  Ohio  Battery),  most  of  the 
artillery  of  both  sides  being,  at  the  hours  named,  located  outside 
the  limits  of  this  map. 

This  map,  including  contours,  is  drawn  from  surveys  made  and, 
published  by  the  U.  S.  Government  in  1876  and  later. 


FEDERAL  FORCES  WHO  ALONE  OCCUPIED  LITTLE  ROUND  TOP  AT  ABOUT  330PM. JULY  E«ol86» 
FEDERAL  REINFORCEMENTS  ARRIVING  WHILE  THE  FIRST  LINE  WAS  ENGAGED. 
CONFEDERATE  FORCES  ENGAGED  "N  THE  DIRECT  ASSAULT  ON  LITTLE.  ROUNDTOP. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      143 

(Chap.  Xni.  Gettysburg,  Second  Day.  July  2,  1863] 

military  consideration,  seemed  to  hinge  on  the  result.  The 
men  of  our  corps  employed  their  time  in  rest  and  in  mak- 
ing preparations  for  the  work  before  them.  The  general  line 
of  battle  was  formed  apparently  with  the  expectation  that 
the  main  attack  of  the  enemy  was  to  be  made  upon  our  right, 
while  the  left  had  received  but  little  attention.  Geary's  Division 
had  been  taken  from  its  position  near  Round  Top  and  moved 
to  Gulps  Hill.  Buford's  Gavalry,  which  had  been  guarding 
the  left,  was  sent  away  and  not  replaced  by  any  other  troops. 
The  3d  Gorps,  which  occupied  the  left  of  the  line,  was  posted 
with  a  view  of  occupying  a  prominent  position,  rather  than 
conforming  to  the  rest  of  the  general  line.  The  position  of 
the  5th  Gorps  was  changed  two  or  three  times  during  the 
day.  Early  in  the  afternoon  it  became  apparent  to  those  to- 
ward the  left  of  the  line  that  Lee's  plan  of  battle  was  to  en- 
velop and  turn  the  Union  left.  Longstreet,  who  was  dispatched 
with  his  command  to  execute  the  command,  by  taking  a  cir- 
cuitous route  to  conceal  his  movements,  was  delayed  in  reach- 
ing the  coveted  position.  In  the  meantime  General  Warren, 
a  member  of  General  Meade's  staff,  having  been  sent  out  by 
General  Meade  on  a  tour  of  observation,  saw  the  importance 
of  holding  Little  Round  Top  and  took  prompt  measures  to 
have  it  occupied.  He  applied  to  General  Sykes,  who  was  ad- 
vancing with  the  5th  Gorps  to  the  left  and  front,  to  send  troops 
to  occupy  and  hold  that  position.  General  Barnes,  who  was 
accompanying  General  Sykes,  was  ordered  to  dispatch  a  bri- 
gade for  that  purpose,  and  the  3d  Brigade,  which  was  the 
leading  brigade  of  the  corps,  was  thereupon  detached  from  the 
balance  of  the  division  and  marched  rapidly  to  and  upon  that 
unoccupied  height,  wnich  proved  to  be  the  key  of  the  battle- 
field. Little  Round  Top  was  an  irregular,  rocky  formation, 
something  over  one  hundred  feet  in  height,  with  sloping  sides, 
its  crest  and  sides  being  covered  with  shrubs,  second  growth 
trees  and  with  rocks  of  different  sizes  and  shapes  promiscuously 
scattered  over  its  surface.  The  3d  Brigade  was  formed  in  the 
following  order  from  right  to  left :  i6th  Mich.,  Forty- Fourth 
N.  Y.,  83d  Pa.,  and  20th  Me.  The  brigade  was  posted  well 
down  the  slope  of  Little  Round  Top,  forming  nearly  a  semi- 
circle and  facing  the  flat  lands  to  the  right  of  and  surrounding 
what  was  known  as  Big  Round  Top.     Big  Round  Top  was 


144  I  44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xm.  "Little  Round  Top."  July  2,  1863] 

an  elevation  about  three  hundred  feet  high,  with  its  base  about 
three  hundred  yards  distant  from  the  base  of  Little  Round 
Top.  The  lands  between  the  two  round  tops  were  flat  and 
thinly  covered  with  brush  and  trees.  Obliquely  to  the  right  of 
the  right  of  the  brigade  and  about  five  hundred  yards  dis- 
tant was  what  was  known  as  "Devil's  Den."  While  the  bri- 
gade was  forming,  one  company  from  each  regiment  was  or- 
dered to  advance  and  deploy  as  skirmishers.  Capt.  Lucius  S. 
Larabee,  commanding  Company  B,  was  designated  to  perform 
that  service  for  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  About  the  same 
time  Col.  Vincent,  pointing  to  Big  Round  Top,  said  to  the 
writer,  who  was  Acting  Assistant  Inspector  General  of  the  bri- 
gade, "Take  a  mounted  orderly,  go  up  on  that  bluff  and  ob- 
serve the  movements  of  the  enemy."  At  this  time  the  enemy 
were  seen  to  the  right  of  Big  Round  Top,  advancing  with  two 
or  three  lines  of  battle,  preceded  by  no  skirmishers.  All  move- 
ments were  executed  with  the  utmost  celerity.  With  as  much 
dispatch  as  possible,  the  writer  rode  well  up  the  side  of  Big 
Round  Top,  dismounted,  gave  his  bridle  to  the  orderly,  ran 
up  on  a  large  rock  and  with  glass  endeavered  to  discover  what 
was  on  the  side  of  Big  Round  Top  toward  the  enemy.  While 
thus  standing,  an  indefinite  number  of  poorly  aimed  shots 
struck  the  rock.  It  was  then  discovered  that  a  line  of  Con- 
federate troops  was  advancing  unopposed  and  unheralded  over 
Big  Round  Top,  It  was  also  discovered  that  the  troops,  which 
were  seen  before  leaving  Little  Round  Top,  had  moved  by 
the  flank  and  were  furiously  assailing  the  front  of  our  entire 
brigade.  The  troops  seen  on  Big  Round  Top,  passed  down  its 
side  and  engaged  in  the  assault.  This  circumstance  is  given 
to  show  the  enterprise  and  determined  character  of  the  as- 
sault upon  the  left  of  our  line  and  the  routes  by  which  ap- 
proaches were  made. 

Let  us  now  go  back  and  trace  the  battle  as  it  developed  in 
front  of  the  regiment  and  incidentally  in  front  of  the  whole 
brigade.  Capt.  Larabee,  when  ordered,  promptly  moved  his 
company  to  the  front,  deployed  as  skirmishers,  and  advanced. 
He  had  advanced  less  than  200  yards  when  he  came  upon 
the  enemy,  only  a  short  distance  away,  advancing  in  two  or 
more  lines  of  battle.  He  at  once  ordered  his  skirmishers  in 
retreat.    While  executing  this  movement,  he  was  shot  through 


CAPTAIN  ALBERT  NATHANIEL  HUSTED. 

Eldest  of  six  sons  of  Nathaniel  and  Elmira  (Burhans)  Husted;  grandson  of 
Thaddeus  Husted,  a  Revolutionary  soldier.  Born  in  Dutchess  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct. 
19.  1833.  Assisted  in  raising  the  '"Xormal  School  Company"  (New  Co.  E) 
of  which  Prof.  Rodney  G.  Kimball  was  the  first  Captain.  He  participated  in  all 
the  battles  of  the  "Army  of  the  Potomac"  (16)  from  Oct.  1862  to  Oct. 
1864;  was  once  slightly  wounded  but  never  in  hospital.  At  battle  of  Chancel- 
lorsville,  May,  1863,  his  life  was  saved  by  testament  and  diary  in  side  pocket 
of  his  coat.  At  battle  of  Wilderness,  May,  1864,  one  bullet  pierced  his  hat  and 
another  his  boot  leg;  in  same  battle  he  barely  escaped  capture;  had  many  hair- 
breadth escapes   from   serious   wovinds   in   battle. 

Past  Commander,  Post  63,  N.  V.  G.  .\.  R. ;  four  years  Historian  Phillip 
Livingston  Chapter,  Sons  of  the  Revolution;  Member  of  the  Military  Order  of 
the    Loyal   Legion.  , 

Marriages:  1867,  Jane  E.  IngersoU,  (died  1891)  two  daughters,  Mrs.  Wm.  M. 
Strong  and  Mrs.  Edwin  S.  Wilson;  1903,  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Neemes  Gladding  (died 
1909). 

Degrees:  A.  M.  Hamilton  College,  1866;  Ph.D.,  Illinois  Wesleyan  Uni- 
verity,    1896. 

Civil  positions:  Instructor  since  1855.  and  since  1869  Professor  of  Mathe- 
matics in  New  York  State  Normal  College,  Albany.  Trustee  and  Treasurer  Al- 
bany Institute  and  Historical  Society.  Treasurer  and  member  of  Executive  com- 
mittee N.  Y.  State  Sabbath  Association.  President  for  three  years  of  Albany 
City  Mission.  Superintendent  for  ten  years  of  Rensselaer  Street  Henion  Mis- 
sion Sunday  School.  Elder  Madison  Avenue  Refoimed  (Dutch)  Church,  Al- 
bany. 


PUBLIC  LlBRi^^^ 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      145 

[Chap.  Xm.  Salvation  of  the  A.  O.  P.  July  2,  1863] 

the  body  and  instantly  killed.  He  was  a  brave,  competent 
and  faithful  officer.  His  death  was  a  great  loss  and  caused 
much  sorrow  to  the  entire  regiment.  A  more  extended  notice 
of  his  life,  services  and  death,  will  be  given  in  another  place. 
Following  closely  on  the  heels  of  the  skirmishers,  the  enemy 
soon  reached  the  front  of  the  i6th  Mich,  and  Forty-Fourth 
N.  Y.  and  opened  a  furious  assault  on  their  lines.  The  right 
of  the  i6th  Mich.,  by  reason  of  its  more  exposed  position,  was 
temporarily  forced  back.  The  Forty-Fourth  by  its  oblique 
fire  to  the  right,  aided  in  checking  the  advance  of  the  assailants. 
The  140th  N.  Y.,  Col.  O'Rorke  commanding,  of  Weed's  bri- 
gade of  the  2d  Division,  arrived  upon  the  field  just  in  time  to 
aid  in  repelling  the  assault.  From  this  time  on  the  battle  raged 
furiously,  gradually  extending  to  the  left  and  enveloping  the 
83d  Penn.  and  the  20th  Me.  Our  troops,  without  time  to 
make  preliminary  preparations,  steadfastly  repelled  the  as- 
saults of  the  enemy  and  forced  them  to  break  and  retreat  in 
confusion.  Early  in  the  engagement,  Lieut.  Hazlett,  by  great 
effort,  with  his  men  tugging  at  the  wheels,  succeeded  in  plant- 
ing his  excellent  battery  upon  the  crest  of  Little  Round  Top, 
and  rendered  valuable  services  in  repelling  the  assaults  of  the 
enemy.  When  his  guns  opened  on  the  impetuous,  surging  Con- 
federate masses  no  military  music  ever  sounded  sweeter  and 
no  aid  was  ever  better  appreciated.  In  the  midst  of  the  roar 
and  carnage  of  battle,  our  troops  found  time  to  lustily  cheer 
Hazlett  and  his  brave  men.  While  the  engagement  was  at 
its  height,  the  gallant,  heroic  Vincent  untimely  fell.  His  loss 
will  be  more  fully  noticed  hereafter.  Weed,  with  the  balance 
of  his  brigade,  soon  followed  Col.  O'Rorke  of  the  140th  N. 
Y.  and  took  an  important  position  to  the  right  of  the  3d  Bri- 
gade. In  the  meantime  the  Confederates  were  hunting  and 
hustling  to  find,  overlap  and  turn  the  left  of  our  general  line. 
For  this  purpose  troops  were  marched  by  the  flank  to  the  rear 
of  their  line  engaged,  to  enable  them  to  obtain  an  advantageous 
position  from  which  to  deliver  the  assault.  Troops,  referred 
to  heretofore  as  being  on  Big  Round  Top,  descended  its  slopes 
and  also  became  actively  engaged.  Hood's  Division,  which 
formed  the  attacking  column,  numbered  more  than  7,000  men 
and  was  divided  into  four  brigades  of  about  equal  strength.  At 
least  two  of  his  brigades,  Law's  and  Robertson's,  were  engaged 


146       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XIII.  2oth  Maine  and  83d  Pa.  July  2,  1863] 

in  the  assault  upon  the  3d  Brigade,  which  carried  into  the 
battle  only  1,141  muskets.  The  Confederate  host,  which  was 
marshaled  to  outflank  and  turn  the  left  of  our  general  Hne, 
soon  found  themselves  confronted  by  the  83d  Penn.  and  the 
20th  Me.  Made  confident  by  reason  of  their  greatly  superior 
numbers,  they  advanced  boldly  to  the  assault.  They  soon  gave 
an  illustration  of  the  old  saying,  "In  its  quality  oft  lies  the 
strength  of  the  host."  A  brisk  fire  at  short  range,  sent  the 
assailants  back  more  rapidly  than  they  came — only  to  come 
again  in  larger  numbers  and  longer  line.  Col.  Chamberlain  of 
the  20th  Me.  met  this  new  formation  by  having  his  left  wing 
take  intervals  to  the  left  and  forming  them  at  nearly  right 
angles  with  his  right.  The  battle  raged  here  in  terrible  fury. 
The  final  assault  of  the  day,  on  the  extreme  left  of  the  line, 
was  about  to  be  made.  Our  troops  had  become  battle-stained, 
war-worn  and  their  numbers  sadly  depleted.  The  60  rounds 
of  ammunition  issued  to  each  man  had  been  expended.  The 
crucial  test  of  heroism,  physical  alertness  and  endurance  had 
come.  To  falter  was  to  be  overwhelmed  and  lost.  Col. 
Chamberlain  became  satisfied  that  he  was  about  to  be  assailed 
by  an  overwhelming  force,  anticipated  the  preparations  making 
to  annihilate  or  drive  his  regiment  from  the  field  and  ordered  a 
bayonet  charge.  His  men,  clearly  comprehending  the  direful 
alternative  in  which  they  were  placed,  quickly  adjusted  their 
bayonets  and  with  loud  and  prolonged  shouts  rushed  upon 
the  enemy.  The  boldness  of  their  movement,  their  long  at- 
tenuated line,  magnified  their  aggressive  force,  and  carried 
surprise  and  consternation  to  the  masses  of  the  enemy.  Hold- 
ing fast  by  their  right  and  executing  an  extended  right  wheel, 
they  swept  everything  before  them.  This  movement  of  the 
20th  Me.,  seconded  successively  by  the  other  regiments  of  the 
brigade,  cleared  the  entire  level  lands  between  the  Round  Tops 
of  the  enemy.  It  was  a  most  glorious  triumph.  The  Con- 
federate's plan  of  battle,  to  envelop  and  turn  the  Union  left, 
had  signally  failed.  Their  choicest  troops,  commanded  by  their 
ablest  lieutenant,  had  been  defeated  by  a  much  smaller  force, 
and  driven  ingloriously  from  the  field.  The  visible  results 
of  this  day's  battle  in  this  part  of  the  field  were  50  dead  in 
front  of  the  20th  Me.  and  about  the  same  proportion  in  front 
of  the  other  regiments  of  the  brigade,  over  500  prisoners,  in- 


44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      147 

(Chap.  Xm.  Gettysburg,  Second  Day.  July  2,  1863] 

eluding  2  Colonels  and  15  eommissioned  offieers,  together  with 
over  1,000  stand  of  arms.  Capt.  Judson,  in  his  history  of  the 
83d  Penn.,  says:  "And  further  still  to  the  right,  in  a  more 
open  space,  where  the  right  of  the  Forty-Fourth  and  the  left 
of  the  1 6th  Mich,  had  fought,  I  counted,  several  days  after- 
wards, over  40  dead  bodies  within  a  circle  of  50  feet  in  cir- 
cumference. They  lay  in  every  conceivable  position  among 
the  rocks."  The  more  remote  and  invisble  results  of  the 
day's  fighting  were  the  effects  on  the  remaining  operations  of 
the  battle,  the  contribution  toward  the  final  triumph  of  our 
arms  in  the  Civil  War,  and  the  incalculable  bearing  on  the 
subsequent  destiny  of  our  common  country.  Reflection  will 
show  that  these  speculations  are  not  entirely  groundless.  With 
Little  Round  Top,  the  conceded  key  of  the  battlefield  in  pos- 
session of  a  triumphant  enemy,  the  remainder  of  the  Union 
line  could  not  have  been  maintained.  /Vnother  retrograde  move- 
ment meant  incalculable  disaster  to  our  arms  and  would  have 
added  new  complications  to  the  critical  questions  of  State  then 
pending.  But  why  speculate  further?  The  rout  was  complete. 
The  broken  lines  of  the  enemy,  in  confusion  and  haste  with- 
drew from  the  field,  and  disappeared  behind  the  banks  of 
smoke  and  the  lowering  dusk  of  evening.  The  key  to  the 
battlefield  was  safe.  It  was  a  dearly  bought  victory.  Weed, 
commanding  brigade  to  our  right,  Hazlett,  battery  commander, 
the  chivalric  Vincent,  commanding  our  own  brigade,  and 
a  host  of  other  brave  officers  and  men  sacrificed  their  lives  that 
the  Union  might  live.  Three  hundred  twenty-one  officers  and 
men  of  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  were  reported  for  duty  that 
day.  As  was  generally  the  case,  not  all  of  those  reported  for 
duty  entered  the  engagement.  Every  company  in  the  regi- 
ment performed  its  whole  duty  and  suffered  severe  losses.  The 
largest  company  loss,  in  proportion  to  the  number  engaged, 
however,  was  by  Company  A,  It  took  into  the  fight  40  men, 
of  whom  it  lost  21  in  killed  and  wounded.  In  the  death  of 
Capt.  Lucius  S.  Larrabee  of  Company  B.,  First  Lieut.  Eugene 
L.  Dunham  of  Company  D,  and  Second  Lieut.  Benjamin  N. 
Thomas  of  Company  K,  the  regiment  suffered  a  great  and 
grievous  loss.  They  were  all  brave,  efficient  and  faithful  of- 
ficers. Captains  William  R,  Bourne  of  Company  K  and  Ben- 
nett Munger  of  Company  C  were  severely  wounded,  the  former 


148       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xm.  3d  Brig.  Seizes  Big  Round  Top.  July  2,  1863] 

who  was  an  original  member  of  the  regiment,  had  faithfully 
served  with  it  in  all  its  campaigns  and  battles,  was  permanently- 
disabled  for  further  active  service  in  the  field  and  was  reluc- 
tantly obliged  to  leave  it.  Adjutant  George  B.  Herenden  and 
First  Lieut.  Charles  H.  Zeilman  were  also  slightly  wounded. 
The  casualties  of  the  regiment  will  be  found  in  the  list  of  cas- 
ualties in  another  part  of  this  work. 

About  9  o'clock  in  the  evening  Col.  Rice,  who  had  suc- 
ceeded to  the  command  of  the  brigade,  directed  Col.  Cham- 
berlain to  seize  and  hold  Big  Round  Top.  This,  with  much 
persistence  and  daring,  he  was  able  to  do,  his  regiment  suf- 
fering some  loss  in  the  movement  but  capturing  a  number  of 
prisoners,  among  them  an  officer  on  the  staff  of  the  Confederate 
General  Law.  It  was  understood  that  Col.  Fisher,  command- 
ing a  brigade  of  Pennsylvania  Reserves,  was  to  give  support 
in  this  movement.  His  failure  to  do  this,  caused  Col.  Cham- 
berlain to  send  for  other  support.  The  83d  Penn.  and  Forty- 
Fourth  N.  Y.  were  promptly  sent  to  his  aid.  It  was  under- 
stood at  the  time  that  the  failure  of  Col.  Fisher  to  give  adequate 
support  in  seizing  and  holding  Big  Round  Top  was  not  satis- 
factorily explained.  The  new  advance  line,  occupied  by  our 
brigade,  was  held  until  the  forenoon  of  the  3d,  when  it  was  re- 
lieved by  the  ist  Brigade  and  our  brigade  was  then  moved  to 
and  held  in  reserve,  to  the  rear  of  the  left  center  of  the  general 
line.  This  position  was  not  changed  during  the  day  but  the 
brigade  was  under  orders  to  be  ready  to  move  at  a  moment's 
notice. 

Very  early  in  the  morning  of  the  3d  heavy  fighting  was 
heard  on  the  right.  It  was  General  Slocum,  with  the  12th 
Corps  and  detachments  of  the  6th  Corps,  engaged  in  recap- 
turing the  works,  taken  by  the  enemy,  while  all  but  one  bri- 
gade of  his  command  was  detached  the  day  before  to  par- 
ticipate in  the  battle  toward  the  left.  The  battle  raged  furi- 
ously at  this  point  until  10:30  A.  M.,  when  the  enemy  were 
driven  in  confusion  from  the  works  and  retired  to  their  orig- 
inal line.  Quiet  now  reigned  along  the  whole  general  infantry 
line.  It  was  like  the  calm  that  precedes  the  gathering  storm. 
The  several  attacks  on  Little  Round  Top,  Cemetery  Hill,  and 
Gulps  Hill,  had  all  been  successfully  repulsed  with  fearful 
slaughter  to  the  enemy.  The  3d  Corps  alone,  after  a  most  gal- 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      149 

[Chap.  Xm.  Gettysburg;  "Pickett's  Charge."  July  3,  1863] 

lant  and  desperate  struggle,  had  been  forced  back  from  its  faulty 
position,  to  the  position  it  was  originally  intended  by  the  Com- 
manding General  it  should  occupy.  As  was  tersely  said :  "It  had 
been  hammered  back  to  its  proper  position."  To  this  time 
the  net  general  results  were  decidedly  in  favor  of  the  Union 
arms.  The  whole  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  now  in  an  in- 
quisitive attitude  to  know  what  was  to  be  the  next  movement 
by  the  baffled  enemy.  At  one  o'clock  P.  M.  a  single  gun 
ominously  broke  the  impressive  stillness.  It  was  the  signal 
for  150  pieces  of  Confederate  artillery,  skillfully  placed  on 
exterior  lines,  to  concentrate  their  fire  upon  the  proposed  point 
of  attack.  Our  artillery,  being  placed  on  interior  lines,  was 
able  to  reply  with  only  80  pieces.  An  artillery  duel  was  con- 
tinued for  two  hours,  filling  the  air  with  bursting,  shrieking 
projectiles,  tearing  and  mutilating  the  earth  and  trees  and 
filling  the  country  for  miles  around  with  its  reverberating 
thunders.  The  execution  caused  by  the  firing  was  not  in  pro- 
portion to  the  amount  of  ammunition  expended  and  the  noise 
produced.  At  the  end  of  two  hours  our  own  artillery  was 
ordered  to  cease  firing.  The  enemy,  assuming  that  our  guns 
had  been  silenced,  proceeded  to  put  into  execution  the  next 
step  in  their  carefully  prepared  plan.  As  soon  as  the  firing 
ceased,  at  least  15,000  troops,  ably  led  and  commanded  by  the 
Confederate  General  George  E.  Pickett,  moved  out  from  their 
place  of  concealment  in  compact  lines  and  advanced  to  the  as- 
sault. Their  column  of  attack  was  directed  upon  a  clump  of 
trees  near  the  left  center  of  our  general  line,  held  by  the  ever- 
ready  2d  Corps.  It  was  a  favorite  plan  of  Napoleon  for  the 
assailants  to  mass  heavily  upon  a  given  point  and  deliver  blow 
after  blow,  until  by  mere  force  of  superior  numbers  the  point 
attacked  was  forced  to  give  way.  Such  was  the  movement 
apparently  contemplated  by  the  enemy.  It  was  a  spectacle  such 
as  was  seldom  seen  in  any  army.  Tacitus  wrote  that  the  first 
object  of  an  attacking  army,  is  by  noisy  and  spectacular  demon- 
stration to  carry  fear  to  the  minds  of  the  opposing  force.  Pick- 
ett's charge  was  well  calculated  to  accomplish  that  purpose.  The 
preliminary  cannonading,  the  compact  well-regulated  lines  of 
infantry,  with  flying  flags  and  glistening  guns,  the  bold,  con- 
fident advance,  surely  embodied  elements  that  ordinarily  carry 
consternation.     But  neither  booming  cannon,  nor  spectacular 


15©       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xm.  Gettysburg;  Enemy  Defeated.  July  3,  1863] 

demonstration,  lessened  the  courage  or  dampened  the  ardor 
of  the  dauntless  veterans  of  the  Union  Army.  They  clutched 
their  guns  and  eagerly  awaited  the  onset.  The  opportunity 
had  at  length  arrived  to  chastise  and  turn  back  the  rebellious 
hordes  of  our  misguided  countrymen.  Unlike  Caesar,  they 
came,  they  saw,  they  were  conquered.  The  gallantry  of  the 
assailants  and  their  crushing  defeat  have  been  too  often  told 
and  too  graphically  described  to  be  repeated  in  detail  here. 
Suffice  it  to  say  that  in  this  desperate  attempt  of  the  Con- 
federate General  to  redeem  a  lost  battle  what  is  known  as  the 
high  water  mark  of  the  Rebellion  was  reached.  With  broken 
lines  and  dispiriting  confusion  the  remnant  of  the  assaulting 
column  recrossed  that  bloody  field,  made  memorable  by  their 
valiant  deeds,  leaving  in  their  trail  a  host  of  killed,  wounded  and 
prisoners. 

Coincident  with  the  foregoing  described  assault,  at  some 
distance  to  the  right  of  the  general  infantry  line,  there  was 
plainly  heard  a  spirited,  determined  engagement.  It  was  a  bat- 
tle in  progress  between  bodies  of  cavalry  of  the  two  opposing 
armies.  The  Confederate  General  Stuart,  was  endeavoring  to 
create  a  diversion  in  aid  of  Pickett's  charge.  General  Gregg's 
gallant  division,  augmented  by  the  brigade  of  the  invincible 
Custer,  turned  back  the  over-confident  Confederates  in  inglori- 
ous retreat.  This  ended  the  fighting  of  the  third  day.  Our 
line  of  battle  was  well  defined  and  intact,  our  troops  were  well 
in  hand  and  ready  for  any  emergency. 

On  Saturday,  July  4th,  our  time-honored  Independence  Day, 
reconnaissances  from  both  the  right  and  left  of  our  main  line, 
developed  the  fact  that  Lee  had  contracted  his  lines,  entrenched 
and  apparently  awaited  an  attack.  In  our  army  the  day  was 
passed  in  burying  the  dead  of  both  armies,  caring  for  the 
wounded,  procuring  a  supply  of  rations  and  ammunition,  and 
awaiting  developments.  The  aggressive  spirit  of  the  Confed- 
erate Army  had  departed.  A  soaking  rain  added  discomfort 
to  the  sorrow  felt  and  shared  by  the  whole  army  over  our  loss 
in  battle.  Our  independence  was  won  by  sacrifice  and  a  new 
chapter  of  sacrifice  and  triumph  had  been  added  to  augment 
the  glorious  achievements  of  our  forefathers. 

The  joy  of  the  Nation  was  unbounded,  when  the  glorious 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      151 

[Chap.  Xni.  Gettysbiug  and  Vicksbuigl  July  4,  1863] 

news  from  Gettysburg  was  supplemented  by  the  intelligence 
that  Vicksburg  had  surrendered  to  Grant. 

When  an  advance  was  made  on  the  morning  of  the  5th  it 
was  found  that  the  enemy  had  departed  during  the  night.  The 
hope  formed  by  the  Confederates  on  the  expected  vantage  of 
a  campaign  of  invasion  had  proved  to  be  illusory. 

A  cursory  view  of  the  battlefield  after  the  battle  bore  ter- 
rible evidence  of  the  conflict.  Dismounted  guns,  disabled  gun- 
carriages  and  caissons,  dead  artillery  horses,  unsightly,  un- 
buried  soldiers,  solid  shots,  unexploded  and  fragments  of 
shells,  musket  balls,  the  ground,  the  trees  and  scattering  build- 
ings torn  by  projectiles,  fragments  of  muskets  and  accou- 
trement, made  a  picture  horrible  to  look  upon  and  impossible 
to  describe. 

In  his  diary.  Sergeant  E.  R.  Goodrich  of  Company  A,  says, 
"at  night  of  July  2d,  our  company  was  on  picket  in  our  front 
at  the  foot  of  the  hill.  The  ground  was  literally  covered  with 
dead  and  wounded.  It  was  the  worst  picket  duty  I  ever  per- 
formed. Will  never  forget  it.  The  Rebs  were  principally 
Texan  troops.  They  said  it  was  the  first  time  their  brigade 
had  ever  been  repulsed.  I  spent  all  my  time,  while  on  picket, 
attending  to  the  wounded,  giving  them  water,  fixing  them  in 
easy  positions,  cutting  off  shoes  and  helping  them  in  every 
way  I  could.  It  was  terrible,  some  crying,  some  praying,  some 
swearing  and  all  wanting  help."  This  incident  at  once  shows 
the  effectiveness  of  the  musketry  firing  of  the  regiment,  the 
cruelty  of  war  and  the  nobler  attributes  of  human  nature.  They, 
who,  just  before  darkness  set  in,  had  fought  each  other  fiercely, 
had  now  been  brought  into  new  relations.  They  were  no 
longer  enemies.  The  nobler  ties  of  a  common  humanity  had 
dispelled  the  bitterness  engendered  by  war  and  brotherly  aid 
was  cheerfully,  tenderly,  bestowed.  Another  incident  is  here 
related.  The  opportunity  and  success  of  Company  E,  First 
Lieut.  A.  N.  Husted  commanding,  in  capturing  prisoners  dur- 
ing a  lull  of  the  battle  on  July  2d,  were  such  as  to  deserve  par- 
ticular mention.  The  first  assault  of  the  enemy  was  pushed 
to  such  close  proximity  to  our  lines,  that  when  the  repulse 
came  it  was  extremely  hazardous  to  retreat.  When  the  mo- 
mentum of  the  Confederate  charge  was  expended,  their  ranks 


152       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XIII.  Notable  Captures.  July  2,  1863] 

broke  in  confusion,  some  took  the  chances  of  a  hasty  retreat, 
some  held  up  their  hats  and  handkerchiefs  in  token  of  sur- 
render, and  others  took  refuge  behind  rocks  and  a  shght  eleva- 
tion of  ground  not  far  from  and  opposite  the  right  of  Com- 
pany E.  The  ground  further  to  the  left  was  more  open,  af- 
fording less  shelter.  Five  men  belonging  to  that  company  vol- 
unteered to  advance  beyond  our  lines,  rescue  and  capture 
prisoners.  Lieut.  Husted  directed  that  such  action  should  be 
taken.  The  names  of  those  who  volunteered  to  go,  and  did 
go,  were  First  Sergeant  Consider  H.  Willett,  Charles  Prud- 
hom  and  David  J.  Ferris  from  the  right  of  the  Company,  and 
Corporals  Oliver  W.  Sturdevant  and  Horace  F.  Mills  from 
the  left  of  the  Company.  These  men  acted  with  creditable 
promptness  and  sagacity.  The  broken,  scattered  line  of  the 
enemy  was  liable,  at  any  time,  to  be  succeeded  by  another  line 
more  formidable  than  the  former.  Notifying  our  own  men  not 
to  fire,  they  boldly  advanced  to  and  among  the  Confederates, 
receiving  their  surrender  and  escorting  them  to  the  rear.  It 
was  a  perilous  service  and  required  great  haste  and  circum- 
spection. Sergeant  Willett  found  a  large  number  of  the 
enemy  concealed  behind  the  rocks  and  the  depression  in  the 
field,  lying  prone  upon  the  ground.  They  were  taken  by  sur- 
prise at  his  appearance  among  them  and  he  very  adroitly  put 
them  in  motion  and  had  them  conducted  to  the  rear.  From 
his  standpoint  he  counted  97  prisoners.  In  a  paper  entitled 
"Incidents  at  Gettysburg"  Sergeant  Willett  says:  "Our  mus- 
ketry firing  leaving  the  dead  piled  so  thick  that  it  was  almost 
impossible  to  walk  over  the  ground  without  stepping  on  the 
Rebel  dead."  In  another  place  he  says:  "They  (the  enemy) 
tried  to  reach  us  with  their  bayonets  and  we  were  prepared  to 
resist  them  with  our  bayonets." 

Sergeant  Sturdevant,  in  a  letter  describing  the  incident, 
says: 

"Sergeant  Willett's  position  was  on  the  extreme  right  of  the  Com- 
pany, while  I  was  located  at  the  left.  In  their  first  charge  the  Confed- 
erate line  came  very  close  to  us,  so  close  that  when  they  failed  to  dis- 
lodge us  from  our  position,  they  were  unable  to  fall  back  on  account 
of  our  fire,  and  all  along  our  front  held  up  handkerchiefs  and  hats  in 
token  of  surrender.  In  order  to  bring  them  in,  five  men  of  Company 
E,  calling  our  comrades  not  to  fire,  ran  down  among  them  and  even 
beyond  their  line,  to  get  as  many  prisoners  as  possible.     Of  these  five 


JOHN  C.  JOHNSON,  CO.  K. 

Enlisted  as  John  Johnson;  was  born  May  21.  1843,  in  Albany  Co., 
N.  Y.  Married  in  the  year  1870  to  Martha  J.  Hutchinson  of  Albany, 
N.  Y.  Died  December  13.  1904.  at  Muncie.  Ind.,  leaving  one  child,  a 
daughter. 

He  was  with  his  regiment  at  Big  Bethel  and  the  siege  of  York- 
town,  and  was  shot  through  the  lx)dy  at  the  Battle  of  Hanover  Court 
House,  May  27,  1862.  When  brought  to  the  hospital  at  Albany,  his 
recovery  was  thought  to  be  impossil)le.  After  his  discharge  he  settled 
with  friends  in  Albany  where  he  attended  the  Academy  and  Business 
College.  In  July,  1864,  he  entered  the  Sanitary  Commission  under 
Captain  C.  E.  Jones,  working  at  and  in  the  vicinity  of  City  Point, 
Va.,  remaining  there  until  June.  1865,  when  that  department  was  dis- 
continued. 

He  returned  to  Albany  where  he  held  positions  of  trust  with  sev- 
eral leading  business  houses,  and  in  1882  he  removed  to  Bridgeport. 
Conn.,  and  established  a  profitable  business  which  he  left  in  1884  for 
a  more  promising  field  in  Muncie.  Ind.  With  the  higher  interests  of 
the  latter  city  he  was  closely  identified  until  his  death,  having  been 
for  some  years  an  Elder  in  the  Fir'^t  Presbyterian  Church,  and  Presi- 
dent of  the  Delaware  Countv   National    Bark. 


,!  APT'^-'^ 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      153 

[Chap.  Xni.  Death  of  Gen.  Strong  Vincent.  July  7,  1863] 

men,  Willett,  Prudhom  and  Ferris  were  on  the  right  and  Corporal 
Mills  and  I  on  the  left.  I  do  not  think  I  saw  any  of  the  party  except 
Mills  during  the  incident,  nor  did  I  know  of  the  result  until  after  the 
second  Confederate  line  came  in,  when  Mills  and  I  barely  escaped 
capture  as  we  were  pursuing  a  fleeing  Confederate,  did  not  see  their 
line  until  they  were  close  upon  us.  I  think  most  of  the  enemy  on  our 
front,  who  were  able  to  walk,  crowded  over  to  our  right,  behind  the 
knoll  and  rocks  where  they  were  found  and  captured  by  Willett,  Prud- 
hom and  Ferris.  Probably  our  work  on  the  left  sent  many  in  that 
direction,  as  the  hillside  on  the  left  was  bare  and  exposed.  I  fully 
agree  with  Willett,  that  the  scene  where  our  first  volley  struck  the 
enemy's  line  was  one  of  sickening  horror.  Their  dead  and  wounded 
were  tumbled  promiscuously  together,  so  that  it  was  difficult  to  cross  the 
line  where  they  fell  without  stepping  on  them.  One  circumstance  I 
will  mention.  As  I  was  searching  among  them  for  prisoners,  one 
poof  fellow  begged  me  to  cut  the  strap  of  his  cartridge  box,  as  it  drew 
across  his  wound,  and  another  besought  me  to  be  careful  not  to  step 
on  him  as  he  was  wounded.  I  had  some  conversation  with  the  poor 
fellows,  and  spoke  some  kind  words  to  them,  which  I  do  not  now 
regret.     I  pray  God  that  I  may  never  witness  such  a  scene  again." 

Lieut.  Hiisted  says :  "The  prisoners  all  passed  near  where 
I  was  standing  and  I  counted  92.  The  prisoners  came  pretty 
well  bunched.  One  of  them  was  struck  in  the  back  by  a  rebel 
bullet  as  he  stood  directly  between  myself  and  the  enemy, 
begging  me  not  to  shoot  him."  The  discrepancy  of  five  be- 
tween the  count  of  Husted  and  Willett  may  well  be  accounted 
for  by  the  fact  that  their  respective  counts  were  made  from 
different  points.  Lieut.  Husted  also  says:  "It  should  not  be 
said  that  these  five  men  captured  ninety-seven  men.  Our  line 
of  battle  compelled  the  surrender." 

Col.  Rice  issued  the  following  appropriate  order  in  honor 
of  Brig.  Gen.  Strong  Vincent: 

"Hdqrs,  3d  Brig,  ist  Div.  sth  Corps, 

July  12,  1863. 
Gen.  Orders  No.  5. 

The  Colonel  commanding  hereby  announces  to  the  brigade  the 
death  of  Brig.  Gen.  Strong  Vincent.  He  died  near  Gettysburg  July  7, 
1863,  from  the  effects  of  a  wound  received  on  the  2d  instant,  and  within 
sight  of  that  field  which  his  bravery  had  so  greatly  assisted  to  win. 
A  day,  hallowed  with  all  the  glory  of  success,  is  thus  sombered  by  the 
sorrow  of  our  loss.  Wreaths  of  victory  give  way  to  chaplets  of  mourn- 
ing, hearts  exultant  to  feelings  of  grief.  A  soldier,  a  scholar,  a  friend 
has  fallen.  For  his  country,  struggHng  for  its  life,  he  willingly  gave 
his  own.     Grateful  for  his  services,  the  State  which  proudly  claimed 


154       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xlll.  Captain  Larabee's  Prophecy.  July  2,  1863J 

him  as  her  own,  will  give  him  an  honored  grave  and  a  costly  monument, 
but  he  will  ever  remain  buried  in  our  hearts  and  our  love,  for  his 
memory  will  outlast  the  stone  which  shall  bear  the  inscription  of  his 
bravery,  his  virtues  and  his  patriotism. 

While  we  deplore  his  death  and  remember  with  sorrow  his  loss, 
let  us  emulate  the  example  of  his  fidelity  and  patriotism,  feeling  that 
he  but  lives  in  vain  who  lives  not  for  his  God  and  his  country. 

By  command  of  Col.  James  C.  Rice  commanding  Third  Brigade. 
George  B.  Herendeen,  A.  A.  A.  G. 

The  writer,  as  Assistant  Inspector  General,  served  on  the 
staff  of  General  Vincent  during  the  time  he  was  in  command  of 
the  brigade  and  from  daily  association  with  him,  takes  this  op- 
portunity to  testify  to  his  real  worth  as  a  man,  his  accomplish- 
ments as  a  gentleman  and  scholar,  his  excellence  as  a  soldier, 
his  exalted  character  and  his  devoted  patriotism.  As  brigade 
commander  he  was  cool,  alert,  prompt  and  discreet  to  act,  and 
brave  and  unyielding  in  battle.  In  his  death  the  army,  his  State 
and  the  Nation  sustained  a  great  loss. 

While  waiting  in  momentary  expectation  to  advance  to 
battle,  Capt.  Lucius  S.  Larabee,  in  conversation  with  Captains 
Bourne  and  Kimberly,  said:  "Since  our  last  battle  I  have 
known  that  I  would  be  killed  the  next  time  I  was  under  fire." 
And  he  said  he  wished  them  to  take  his  watch,  money  and  val- 
uables. They  endeavored  to  cheer  him  up  and  told  him  he  was 
no  more  liable  to  be  killed  than  either  of  them.  The  premoni- 
tion had  taken  such  a  strong  hold  of  him  that  he  was  unable  to 
shake  it  off.  He  left,  with  Quartermaster  Mundy,  his  watch 
and  valuables  and  the  address  of  his  brother  in  Chicago.  That 
done,  he  went  into  battle,  facing  with  undaunted  courage  his 
fore-doomed  destiny.  While  the  line  was  forming  on  Little 
Round  Top,  he  was  ordered  to  take  his  Company  and  deploy  it 
as  skirmishers,  which  he  promptly  proceeded  to  do.  As  he  left 
his  position  in  line,  Capt.  Bourne  spoke  to  him,  wishing  him 
good  luck.  He  replied,  "Good  bye,  Billy,  I  shall  never  see  you 
again."  In  this  unexpected  order  he  saw  the  setting  sun  of  his 
pure,  noble  life.  After  advancing  about  200  yards,  he  suddenly 
came  upon  the  enemy's  first  line  of  battle,  and  was  killed  at  the 
first  volley.  No  braver  soldier,  no  purer  or  truer  spirit  took 
its  flight  from  that  blood-drenched  field. 

A  few  extracts,  taken  from  official  reports,  are  hereto  ap- 
pended. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      155 

[Chap.  Xm.  Little  Round  Top  "the  Key."  July  2,  1863] 

Col.  Rice,  among  other  things,  in  his  report  of  the  part  taken 
by  the  3d  brigade,  says  : 

"The  ground  occupied  by  the  brigade  in  line  of  battle  was  nearly 
that  of  a  quarter  circle,  composed  mostly  of  high  rocks  and  cliffs  on  the 
center  and  becoming  more  wooded  and  less  rugged  as  you  approached 
the  left.  The  right  was  thrown  forward  somewhat  to  the  front  of  the 
ledge  of  the  rocks  and  was  much  more  exposed  than  other  parts  of  the 
line.  A  comparatively  smooth  ravine  extending  along  the  entire  front, 
perhaps  fifty  yards  from  our  line,  while  on  the  left  and  beyond  a  high 
and  jagged  mountain  rises,  called  Round  Top  Hill. 

The  brigade  had  scarcely  formed  in  line  of  battle  and  pushed  for- 
ward its  skirmishers,  when  a  division  of  the  enemy's  forces,  under  Gen- 
eral Hood,  made  a  desperate  attack  along  the  entire  line  of  the  brigade. 
He  approached  in  three  columns  with  no  skirmishers  in  advance.  The 
object  of  the  enemy  was  evident.  If  he  could  gain  the  vantage  ground 
occupied  by  this  brigade  the  left  flank  of  our  line  must  give  way,  opening 
to  him  a  vast  field  for  successful  operations  in  rear  of  our  entire  army. 

To  effect  this  object  the  enemy  made  every  effort.  Massing  two  or 
three  brigades  of  his  force,  he  tried  for  an  hour  in  vain  to  break  the  line 
of  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  and  83d  Penn.,  charging  again  and  again 
within  a  few  yards  of  these  unflinching  troops.  At  every  charge  he  was 
repulsed  with  terrible  slaughter.  Despairing  of  success  at  this  point,  he 
made  a  desperate  attack  upon  the  extreme  right  of  the  brigade,  forcing 
back  a  part  of  the  i6th  Mich.,  but  being  immediately  supported  by  the 
140th  N.  Y.  Volunteers,  the  line  again  became  firm  and  unbroken.  It 
was  at  this  point  of  time  that  Col.  Vincent,  commanding  the  brigade, 
fell  mortally  wounded.  The  enemy  again  attacked  the  center  and  the 
extreme  left  with  desperation,  passing  one  brigade  of  his  forces  by  the 
right  flank  in  three  columns  he  pushed  through  the  ravine  toward  the 
left  of  our  brigade,  came  immediately  to  a  front  and  charged  upon  the 
20th  Me.  Now  occurred  the  most  critical  time  of  the  action.  For  above 
half  an  hour  the  struggle  was  desperate.  At  length,  the  enemy  pressed 
so  strongly  upon  the  left  flank  of  Col.  Chamberlain's  regiment,  that  he 
wisely  determined  to  change  the  order  of  battle  and  commanded  his  left 
wing  to  fall  back  at  right  angles  to  his  right.  He  afterward  ordered  a 
charge  and  repulsed  the  enemy  at  every  point. 

Although  this  brigade  has  been  engaged  in  nearly  all  the  great 
battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  and  has  always  greatly  distinguished 
itself  for  gallant  behavior  yet  in  none  has  it  fought  so  desperately  or 
achieved  for  itself  such  imperishable  honors  as  in  this  conflict  of  the 
2d  instant." 

General  Slocum,  the  gallant  commander  of  the  12th  corps, 
says : 

"About  half  an  hour  before  the  attack  on  our  left  the  5th  corps  was 
moved  to  the  support  of  that  part  of  our  line.    The  attack  was  made  by 


156       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xra.  "Hand  to  Hand  Fighting."  July  2,  1863) 

the  enemy  in  strong  force  and  in  great  spirit  and  determination.  Had 
it  been  successful  the  result  would  have  been  terribly  disastrous  to  our 
army  and  the  country.  The  arrival  of  the  5th  corps  at  so  critical  a 
moment  afforded  it  an  opportunity  of  doing  service  for  the  country, 
the  value  of  which  can  never  be  overestimated.  Of  the  manner  in  which 
this  opportunity  was  improved  I  need  not  speak.  The  long  list  of  its 
killed  and  wounded  attests  more  clearly  than  language  can  the  valor  of 
its  officers  and  men." 

General  Longstreet,  in  his  book,  entitled  "From  Manassas 
to  Appomattox,  says : 

"We  were  on  Little  Round  Top  grappling  for  the  crowning  point. 
The  brigade  commanders  there,  Vincent  and  Weed,  were  killed,  also 
Battery  Commander  Hazlett  and  others,  but  their  troops  were  holding 
to  their  work  as  firmly  as  the  mighty  boulders  that  helped  them." 

General  Sykes,  in  his  report,  says : 

"Night  closed  the  fight.  The  key  of  the  battlefield  was  in  our  pos- 
session intact.  Vincent,  Weed  and  Hazlett,  chiefs  lamented  throughout 
the  corps  and  army,  sealed  with  their  lives  the  spot  entrusted  to  their 
keeping,  on  which  so  much  depended." 

Lieut.  Col.  Conner,  in  his  report,  says : 

"It  affords  me  great  pleasure  to  be  able  to  state  that  both  officers 
and  men  behaved  with  the  greatest  coolness  and  bravery,  not  a  single 
case  of  cowardice  having  come  to  my  attention." 

Col.  Chamberlain,  of  the  20th  Me.,  whose  command  occu- 
pied the  left  of  the  entire  line  of  battle,  in  his  report,  in  speaking 
of  his  position,  says : 

"But  we  were  not  a  moment  too  soon ;  the  enemy's  flanking  column 
having  gained  their  desired  direction,  burst  upon  my  left  where  evidently 
they  had  expected  an  unguarded  flank,  with  great  demonstration. 

"We  opened  a  brisk  fire  at  close  range,  which  was  so  sudden  and 
effective  that  they  soon  fell  back  among  the  rocks  and  low  trees  in  the 
valley,  only  to  burst  forth  again  with  a  shout  and  rapidly  advanced,  firing 
as  they  came.  They  pushed  up  to  within  a  dozen  yards  of  us,  before 
the  terrible  effectiveness  of  our  fire  compelled  them  to  break  and  take 
shelter. 

"The  enemy  renewed  their  assault  on  our  whole  front  and  for  an 
hour  the  fighting  was  severe.  Squads  of  the  enemy  broke  through  our 
line  in  several  places  and  the  fight  was  literally  hand  to  hand.  The  edge 
of  the  fight  rolled  backward  and  forward  like  a  wave.  The  dead  and 
wounded  were  now  in  our  front  and  then  in  our  rear.  Forced  from  our 
position  we  desperately  recovered  it  and  pushed  the  enemy  down  to  the 
foot  of  the  slope." 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      157 

[Chap.  Xm.  The  Final  Stroke  of  the  Day.  July  2,  1863] 

Then  again  : 

"The  enemy  seemed  to  have  gathered  all  their  energies  for  their  final 
assault.  We  had  gotten  our  thin  lines  into  as  good  shape  as  possible, 
when  a  strong  force  emerged  from  the  scrub  wood  in  the  valley  as  well 
as  I  could  judge  in  two  lines  in  echelon  by  the  right,  and  opening  a 
heavy  fire,  the  first  line  came  on  as  if  they  meant  to  sweep  everything  be- 
fore them.  We  opened  on  them  as  well  as  we  could  with  our  scanty  sup- 
ply of  ammunition,  snatched  from  the  field.  It  did  not  seem  possible  to 
withstand  another  shock  like  this  now  coming  on.  Our  loss  had  been 
severe.  One  half  of  my  left  wing  had  fallen  and  one  third  of  my  regi- 
ment lay  just  behind  us  dead  or  wounded.  My  ammunition  was  soon 
exhausted.  My  men  were  firing  their  last  shot  and  getting  ready  to 
'club'  their  muskets.  It  was  imperative  to  strike  before  we  were  struck 
by  this  overwhelming  force,  in  a  hand  to  hand  fight,  which  we  could 
not  probably  have  withstood  or  survived.  At  this  crisis  I  ordered  the 
bayonet.  The  word  was  enough.  It  ran  like  fire  along  the  line  from 
man  to  man,  and  rose  into  a  shout,  with  which  they  sprang  forward 
upon  the  enemy  not  now  thirty  yards  away.  The  effect  was  surprising, 
many  of  the  enemy's  first  line  threw  down  their  arms  and  surrendered. 
An  officer  fired  his  pistol  at  my  head  with  one  hand,  while  he  handed 
me  his  sword  with  the  other.  Holding  fast  by  our  right  and  swinging 
forward  our  left,  we  made  an  extended  right  wheel  before  which  the 
enemy's  second  line  broke  and  fell  back  fighting  from  tree  to  tree,  many 
being  captured,  until  we  had  swept  the  valley  and  cleared  the  front  of 
our  entire  brigade. 

Too  much  credit  can  not  be  given  to  General  Chamberlain 
and  his  gallant  regiment  for  their  valorous  and  unflinching  con- 
duct in  maintaining  against  great  odds  the  extreme  left  of  the 
general  line. 

Several  years  after  the  war,  on  the  occasion  when  veterans 
of  both  armies  met  on  the  Gettysburg  battlefield,  the  Confed- 
erate General  Longstreet  said :  "1  was  three  minutes  late  in 
occupying  Little  Round  Top.  If  I  had  got  there  first  you  would 
have  had  as  much  trouble  in  getting  rid  of  me  as  I  did  in  trying 
to  get  rid  of  you." 

In  his  report  General  Meade  says : 

"Soon  after  the  assault  commenced,  the  5th  corps  most  fortunately 
arrived  and  took  position  on  the  left  of  the  3d  corps.  Major  General 
Sykes  commanding,  sending  immediately  a  force  to  occupy  Round  Top 
Ridge,  where  a  most  furious  contest  was  maintained,  the  enemy  making 
desperate  but  unsuccessful  efforts  to  secure  it." 

General  Barnes  commanding  the  division,  in  his  report, 
says: 


158       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  Xm.  Strategical  Value  of  Little  Round  Top.  July  2,  1863] 

"Col.  Vincent,  on  being  detached,  proceeded  promptly  to  the  posi- 
tion assigned  him.  It  was  upon  an  elevated,  rocky  hill  known  as 
Little  Round  Top.     Its  defense  was  of  the  utmost  importance." 

General  Meade  in  a  letter  written  several  years  after  the 
war,  expressing  his  views  of  the  position  in  the  general  line  of 
battle  at  Gettysburg,  taken  by  General  Sickles,  commanding  the 
Third  Corps  says : 

"As  to  General  Sickles  having  by  his  advance  brought  on  an  attack, 
and  thus  compelled  a  battle  which  decided  the  war,  you  have  completely 
answered  and  it  is  a  very  favorite  theory  with  the  partisans  of  this 
officer.  But  these  gentlemen  ignore  the  fact  that  of  the  eighteen  thou- 
sand men  killed  and  wounded  on  the  field  during  the  whole  battle  more 
than  two  thirds  were  lost  on  the  second  day,  and  but  for  the  timely 
arrival  of  the  Fifth  Corps,  and  the  prompt  sending  a  portion  on  Round 
Top,  where  they  met  the  enemy,  almost  on  the  crest,  and  had  a  desperate 
fight  to  secure  the  position — I  say  but  for  these  circumstances  over  which 
Sickles  had  neither  knowledge  nor  control — the  enemy  would  have  se- 
cured Round  Top,  planted  his  artillery  there  commanding  the  whole 
battle  field,  and  what  the  result  would  have  been  I  leave  you  to  judge." 

[Powell's  History  of  the  Fifth  Corps,  page  556.] 


44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      159 

[Chap  XIV,  We  Again  Pursue  the  Enemy  to  Virginia.  July  s,  1863] 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

THE  RETURN  TO  VIRGINIA — FROM  GETTYSBURG  TO  MINE  RUN. 

As  generally  happens  after  a  great  battle  it  rained  on  July 
5th.  The  3d  brigade  advanced  in  line  of  battle,  preceded  by  a 
strong  line  of  skirmishers.  It  was  presently  discovered  that 
the  enemy  had  evacuated  their  position  and  abandoned  the  field. 
The  6th  corps  was  ordered  in  immediate  pursuit.  Our  brigade 
returned  and  rejoined  the  corps,  which  at  5  o'clock  P.  M.,  took 
up  its  line  of  march  along  the  Emmettsburg  road.  The  roads 
were  muddy,  the  night  was  dark  and  the  march  was  tedious. 
Our  troops  went  into  bivouac  about  midnight  on  Marsh  Creek. 
March  was  resumed  about  noon  on  the  6th,  and  after  proceed- 
ing a  short  distance  a  halt  was  ordered,  and  a  congratulatory 
order  issued  by  General  Meade,  was  read  to  the  troops.  After 
marching  about  half  a  mile  from  last  night's  camp,  a  halt  w^as 
ordered  for  the  night  and  a  strong  picket  line  thrown  out.  An 
early  start  was  made  the  next  morning  and  before  halting  for 
the  night  a  distance  of  about  20  miles  was  made.  A  point  had 
now  been  reached  about  5  miles  from  Frederick.  On  the  8th 
the  command  moved  at  an  early  hour,  in  a  heavy  rain,  crossing 
the  Catoctin  Mountains  and  encamped  about  4  o'clock  P.  M. 
near  Middletown.  On  the  9th  the  command  left  the  encamp- 
ment about  9  o'clock  A.  M.,  crossing  over  South  Mountain  and 
encamped  for  the  night  near  Boonsborough.  During  the  day 
we  crossed  the  battlefield  of  South  Mountain  where  a  battle  was 
fought  on  the  17th  day  of  September,  1862.  A  point  had  been 
reached  already  made  historical.  The  probabilities  of  another 
engagement  appeared  to  increase.  On  the  lOth  reveille  sounded 
at  an  early  hour,  breakfast  was  had,  shoes  and  other  necessary 
supplies  were  hastily  issued.  So  much  continuous  marching  had 
created  a  great  demand  for  shoes.  The  marching  began  at  6 
o'clock.  The  last  night's  camping  ground  of  the  enemy  was 
soon  reached  and  crossed.  The  historic  Antietam  was  also 
crossed,  and  detachments  from  the  different  regiments  of  the 


i6o       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XrV.  Jones'  Cross  Roads.  July  lo,  1863) 

brigade  were  ordered  to  the  front  as  skirmishers,  and  soon  be- 
came actively  engaged.  This  affair  was  what  is  known  as  Jones' 
Crossroads  and  was  upon  and  along  the  Sharpsburg  pike.  The 
skirmishing  was  quite  spirited.  The  i6th  Mich,  had  one  man 
wounded,  and  the  20th  Me,  had  2  men  killed  and  6  wounded. 
The  proximity  of  the  armies  was  such  that  all  movements  were 
cautiously  made. 

On  the  nth  the  whole  army  advanced,  prepared  for  battle, 
each  corps  in  line  and  each  brigade  in  columns  of  regimental 
front.  The  open  country  afforded  a  good  opportunity  for  ob- 
servation. The  cleared  cultivated  fields,  presented  but  few  ob- 
stacles to  the  extended  operations  of  the  army.  The  scene  was 
at  once  rare  and  grand.  The  numberless  flags  proudly  floating 
in  the  breeze,  the  thousands  of  muskets  gleaming  in  the  sun- 
light, the  far-reaching  lines  of  infantry,  interspersed  by  a  for- 
midable array  of  artillery,  presented  a  spectacle  which  once  seen 
could  never  be  forgotten.  Stimulated  by  the  recent  glorious  vic- 
tories of  our  arms,  the  ever-present  consciousness  of  a  righteous 
cause  and  the  hopeful  prospect  at  hand,  that  war-worn,  oft- 
tried  army  was  rendered  invincible. 

On  the  1 2th  the  armies  advanced  in  the  same  order  they 
advanced  the  day  before.  They  had  lost  none  of  their  con- 
sciousness of  power  nor  hopefulness  of  triumph.  General 
Meade  reported  the  position  of  the  two  armies  to  Washington 
and  that  he  intended  to  attack  the  enemy  the  next  day.  That 
evening  he  called  together  his  corps  commanders,  and  submit- 
ted the  question  as  to  whether  or  not  he  should  attack  the  enemy 
in  position.  Five  of  the  six  corps  commanders  were  opposed 
to  making  the  attack.  This  fact  was  also  reported  to  Washing- 
ton.   In  reply  General  Halleck  telegraphed  back  as  follows : 

"You  are  strong  enough  to  attack  and  defeat  the  enemy  before  he 
can  effect  a  crossing.  Act  your  own  judgment  and  make  your  Generals 
execute  your  orders.  Call  no  council  of  war.  It  is  proverbial  that  coun- 
cils of  war  never  fight.    Do  not  let  the  enemy  escape." 

A  rumor  prevailed  throughout  the  army  that  the  hour  was 
fixed  when  the  assault  was  to  be  made.  The  hour  arrived,  the 
army  moved  forward  but  did  not  attack.  Early  on  the  morning 
of  the  14th  it  was  learned  that  the  Confederates  had  decamped 
during  the  night  and  recrossed  the  river  into  Va,  They  had 
been  able  to  escape  from  the  captivity  in  which  they  had  been 


CAPTAIN  SETH  F.  JOHNSON. 

Seth  F.  Johnson,  born  in  New  York  City,  resided  in  Schodack,  X.  \  ..  when  on 
August  S,  1861,  he  joined  this  regiment.  He  was  then  a  popular  boatman  on  the 
Hudson  River.  Well  proportioned  and  possessing  the  strength  of  an  athlete, 
he  had  no  superior  in  the  regiment  as  a  boxer.  His  manly  ways  and  cheerful, 
genial  good  nature  made  him  the  center  of  a  large  circle  of  friends.  A  local 
paper  at  the  time  says:  "Seth  F.  Johnson  has  been  selected  by  the  patriots  of 
Schodack  as  their  man  for  the  Ellsworth  regiment.  He  is  2i  years  old,  6  feet 
plump   in   his   stockings,   a   scholarly   gentleman   and   a   Goliath   in   muscle."  ^ 

He  was  made  Sergeant  and  later  promoted  First-Sergeant,  O.  j\I.  Sergeant 
of  the  regiment,  First  Lieutenant  and  Captain.  He  sustained  himself  well  in  all 
of  these  positions.  He  marched  into  the  Wilderness  with  his  Company  during  the 
night  of  May  4,  1864.  After  line  of  battle  was  formed  on  the  morning  of  May 
5th  he  spread  his  rulsber  blanket  en  the  ground,  laid  down  and  soon  fell  asleep. 
Presently  an  order  came  to  change  position.  Captain  Johnson  at  once  arose, 
gave  the  proper  order  to  his  company  and  immediately  fell,  pierced  by  a  rebel 
bullet.  While  being  carried  from  the  field  he  was  again  hit  and  mortally  wounded. 
Recognizing  that  the  second  wound  was  fatal  he  said,  "Tell  my  folks  I  was 
doing  my  duty."  In  these  few  parting  w'ords  he  expressed  the  solicitude  of  a 
true  soldier  and  patriot.  To  die  nobly  on  the  field  of  battle  for  his  country  is 
a  soldier's  priceless  heritage.  His  young  life  went  out  amid  the  carnage  of 
battle  and  the  thunder  of  cannon.  His  manly  form,  his  genial  nature,  his 
soldierly  qualities  and  his  promptness  in  the  discharge  of  his  duties  made  him 
a  conspicuous  figure  in  the  command.  lie  was  mourned  and  lamented  by  all 
who    knew    him. 

The  following  resolutions  express  tlie  esteem  in  which  Captain  Johnson  was 
held   by   the   officers   of  the    regiment : 

'Camp    Forty-Fourth    X.    V.    \'ols.. 

"June     15,     1864. 
"EurxoR  Times  .^nd  Courier: 

".\t  a  meeting  of  the  officers  of  the  Forty-fourth  New  York  Volunteers,  held  at 
the  camp  near  Chickahominy,  Va.,  on  the  12th  day  of  June,  1864,  the  following 
resolutions   were    unanimously    adopted: 

"Resolved,  That  in  the  death  of  Capt.  Seth  F.  Johnson,  killed  in  the  Battle 
of  the  Wilderness  on  the  5th  of  May,  1864,  we,  as  individuals,  have  lost  a  warm, 
true-hearted  friend,  the  service  a  gallant  and  efficient  officer,  the  country  a 
true  patriot,  one  whose  conduct  in  camp  and  field  has  been  such  as  to  confer 
honor  upon  the  regiment  of  wliich  he  was  a  member,  and  to  entitle  him  to  the 
gratitude   of    his    countrymen. 

"Resolved,  That  while  bowed  with  grief  at  the  death  of  our  esteemed  friend  and 
brother  officer,  we  humbly  submit  to  the  overruling  Providence  which  has  seen  fit 
to  call  him  from  us  in  the  flower  of  his  days,  and  find  consolation  in  the  manner 
in  which  he  met  a  soldier's  glorious  death   in   his  country's  righteous  cause. 

"Resolved,  That  his  memory  shall  ever  be  green  and  his  name  revered  among 
us,  and  that  we  hereby  tender  our  most  cordial  sympathy  to  his  bereaved  family 
and    friends. 

"Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  these  Resolutions  be  sent  to  the  family  of  the 
deceased;  also,  that  copies  be  furnished  for  publication  in  the  Albany  Evcuing 
Journal,  Albany  Morning  Express  and  Times  and  Courier. 

^  C.   Alle.v.   President. 

"Chas.    H.    Zeilman,    Secretary." 


THE  KCw   YOKK 
PUBLIC  LIBRARY 

ASTOR,LENO'X 
TILDEN  FOUNDATIONS^ 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      i6i 

(Chap.  XrV.  Deliberate  Pursmt.  July  is,  1863J 

held  by  the  swollen  waters  of  the  Potomac.  Thus  ended  the 
Pennsylvania  campaign. 

There  is  extant  authority  for  the  statement  that  the  com- 
manders of  both  armies  were  criticised  for  their  failure  to  ac- 
complish all  that  was  expected  of  them  in  that  campaign. 
While  the  campaign  was  a  costly  one,  it  can  not  be  gainsaid  that 
it  had  an  important  bearing  on  the  final  result. 

After  Lee  had  escaped  into  Va.  General  Halleck  telegraphed 
to  General  Meade,  as  follows : 

"The  enemy  should  be  pursued  and  cut  up  wherever  he  may  have 
gone.  I  need  hardly  say  to  you  that  the  escape  of  Lee's  army  without 
another  battle  has  created  great  dissatisfaction  in  the  mind  of  the  Pres- 
ident, and  it  will  require  an  active,  and  energetic  pursuit,  on  your  part 
to  remove  the  impression  that  it  has  not  been  sufficiently  active  here- 
tofore." 

To  this  telegram  General  Meade  replied : 

"Having  performed  my  duty  conscientiously  and  to  the  best  of  my 
ability,  the  censure  of  the  President,  conveyed  in  your  dispatch,  is,  in 
my  judgment,  so  undeserved  that  I  feel  compelled  most  respectfully  to 
ask  to  be  immediately  relieved  from  the  command  of  this  army." 

This  called  from  General  Halleck  the  following: 

"My  telegram,  stating  the  disappointment  of  the  President,  was  not 
intended  as  a  censure  but  as  a  stimulus  to  an  active  pursuit." 

Starting  from  a  point  about  one  mile  from  Williamsport  at 
4  o'clock  A.  M.  on  the  15th  the  5th  corps  made  a  march  of  about 
20  miles,  passing  through  Keedysville,  over  South  Mountain, 
and  halting  for  the  night  near  Burkittsville.  It  was  a  very  hard, 
trying  march,  many  men  being  unable  to  continue  with  their 
commands  to  the  end  of  the  day.  The  march  was  resumed 
about  daylight  on  the  next  morning  and  a  halt  was  made  about 
noon,  one  mile  from  Berlin.  Here  we  remained  until  4  o'clock 
P.  M.  on  the  17th,  when,  in  the  midst  of  a  down-pouring  rain, 
camp  was  struck,  the  ubiquitous  Potomac  was  again  crossed  on 
pontoons,  and  a  halt  was  made  for  the  night  at  Lovettsville. 
The  sacred  soil  of  rebellious  Va.  had  again  been  reached  and 
was  not  again  to  be  abandoned  during  the  war.  The  march  was 
continued  daily  during  the  i8th,  19th  and  20th  on  which  last  day 
a  halt  was  made  at  Upperville,  on  Goose  Creek.  On  the  i8th 
Col.  Rice  was  placed  in  arrest  for  allowing  men  of  the  brigade 
to  use  bundles  of  wheat  to  sleep  on,  and  Col.  Chamberlain  of 


i62       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XIV.  Wapping  Heights.  July  23,  1863 

the  20th  Me.  was  placed  in  command.  It  was  some  times 
thought  that  Col.  Rice  was  too  indulgent  with  his  men  in  not 
exacting  obedience  to  existing  orders.  On  the  22nd  Major 
E.  B.  Knox,  Capt.  C.  W.  Gibbs  and  six  non-commissioned  of- 
ficers, were  sent  North  to  take  charge  of,  and  conduct  to  the 
front,  quite  a  large  number  of  men  intended  to  swell  the  ranks 
of  the  regiment.  The  troops  were  allowed  a  day  of  rest,  which 
was  quite  acceptable.  Blackberries  were  very  plentiful  and 
they,  too,  were  quite  acceptable  and  much  relished. 

On  the  23d  march  was  resumed  to,  and  along  Manassas  Gap. 
The  3d  corps  advanced  in  line,  followed  by  the  5th  corps.  The 
troops  in  front  became  briskly  engaged.  The  5th  corps  was 
held  in  reserve,  within  the  range  of  the  enemy's  artillery  and 
expected  at  any  time  to  be  drawn  into  the  engagement.  Dark- 
ness closed  the  active  hostilities  of  the  day.  After  dark  our 
division  went  to  the  front  and  relieved  the  3d  corps.  A  strong 
picket  line  was  thrown  out  and  the  troops  slept  in  position,  ex- 
pecting to  renew  the  engagement  in  the  morning.  Morning 
came  and  it  was  soon  learned  that  the  enemy  had  departed. 
The  whole  surrounding  country  was  enveloped  in  a  dense  fog, 
which  delayed  operations.  When  the  fog  cleared  away  our 
division  was  ordered  to  advance  and  carry  at  all  hazards  a  cer- 
tain height  visible  in  the  distance.  The  purport  of  the  oft- 
repeated  phrase,  to  carry  a  position  at  all  hazards  meant  that  the 
position  must  be  taken  at  whatever  cost.  It  was  the  roughest, 
most  difficult  and  trying  ground  over  which  the  division  ad- 
vanced in  line  during  the  war.  The  country  was  covered  with 
ravines,  rocks,  trees  and  brush.  Two  different  elevations  were 
passed  before  the  main  height  was  reached.  The  nature  of  the 
country  formed  a  material  obstacle  to  reaching  the  crest,  with- 
out being  obliged  to  overcome  the  armed  resistance  of  the 
enemy.  When,  at  length,  the  crest  was  reached,  it  was  found 
that  the  enemy  had  retreated.  It  must  be  admitted  that  our 
troops  were  able  to  overcome  their  feelings  of  disappointment 
when  the  crest  was  reached  without  firing  a  gun.  The  only 
wounds  received  were  those  caused  by  briars  and  brambles. 
While  these  were  numerous,  they  were  not  deep  or  dangerous. 
The  whole  country  was  covered  with  berries  to  partake  of 
which,  happily,  was  not  in  violation  of  any  military  order.  The 
affair  was  known  as  Wapping  Heights,  taking  its  name  from 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      163 

(Chap.  XrV.  Warrenton,  Va.  July  37,  1863J 

the  elevation  heretofore  described.  It  is  remembered  as  a 
rough,  trying  march,  ending  in  a  happy  surprise.  After  taking 
a  rest  the  troops  marched  back  about  2  miles  and  bivouacked 
for  the  night.  A  shortage  of  rations  made  it  necessary  to  sub- 
sist on  the  luscious  berries  which  the  country  afforded  in 
abundance,  and  the  meager  provisions  which  could  be  picked  up 
in  a  sparsely  settled  war-impoverished  country.  When  a  large 
army  becomes  short  of  rations,  with  supply  trains  inaccessible, 
in  a  poor,  sparsely  settled  country,  plausible  excuses  and  clever 
promises  fail  to  stay  the  ravages  of  hunger.  It  is  recalled  at 
this  time,  that  the  commander  of  the  brigade  and  his  staff,  con- 
sisting of  about  half  a  dozen  persons,  were  obliged  to  accept  as 
a  full  meal  one  small  duck  roasted  over  a  fire  of  faggots,  with- 
out even  salt  for  seasoning,  and  with  nO'  additional  viands. 
Neither  rank  nor  money  enabled  its  possessor  to  escape  the  pen- 
alty of  the  shortage. 

From  an  early  hour  on  the  morning  of  the  25th  to  the  after- 
noon of  the  27th  the  time  was  spent  in  covering  the  distance 
back  through  Manassas  Gap  to  a  point  3  miles  south  of  Warren- 
ton where  the  command  went  into  camp.  The  roads  were  dusty, 
the  weather  was  extremely  hot  and  the  march  was  wearisome. 
Several  days  of  rest  were  spent  here  which  were  quite  refresh- 
ing. On  the  29th  a  dress  parade  was  held  which  was  the  first 
one  held  in  several  weeks.  On  the  3d  day  of  August  a  large  de- 
tail of  officers  and  men  was  made  for  fatigue  duty  from  the 
brigade,  to  proceed  under  the  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  Conner 
to  Bealton  Station,  for  the  purpose  of  building  block  houses, 
bridges  and  corduroy  roads.  The  work  was  out  of  the  ordi- 
nary and  quite  strenuous.  On  Aug.  4th  the  rest  of  the  brigade 
left  its  camp  near  Warrenton  and  moved  to  Beverly  Ford  on  the 
Rappahannock  River,  arriving  at  that  place  on  the  forenoon  of 
the  7th.  The  detail  on  fatigue  duty,  having  finished  its  work, 
rejoined  the  brigade  on  the  loth.  First  Lieut.  Allen  C.  Adsit 
and  Second  Lieut.  George  I.  Watson  resigned  on  the  6th  and 
bade  good-bye  to  the  regiment.  Before  leaving,  a  paper  was 
presented  to  Lieut.  Adsit,  showing  the  high  esteem  in  which 
he  was  held  as  a  faithful  soldier  and  a  man  of  excellent  habits 
and  character.  On  the  nth  Second  Lieut.  James  H.  Russell 
resigned  and  left  the  regiment. 

Our  brigade  remained  at  Beverly  Ford  until  the  i6th,  guard- 


i64       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XIV.  Col.  Rice  Appointed  Brigadier  General.  July  19,  1863] 

ing  the  ford  and  performing  the  usual  routine  of  camp  and 
picket  duty,  interspersed  with  the  ordinary  company,  regimen- 
tal and  brigade  drills.  On  the  night  of  the  12th,  a  terrific  thun- 
der storm  visited  the  camp,  leaving  a  trail  of  experiences  scarce- 
ly equalled  during  the  war.  The  copious,  continued  downpour 
of  rain  soaked  the  earth  and  sent  innumerable  brooklets  under 
and  through  numberless  tents,  drenching  alike  blankets  and 
occupants.  It  is  recalled  that  two  staff  officers  at  brigade  head- 
quarters had  pitched  their  tent,  and  for  the  purpose  of  protect- 
ing it  from  the  sun,  had  erected  a  net  work  of  poles  upon  which 
was  spread  a  liberal  quantity  of  brush.  When  the  brush  be- 
came filled  with  water,  the  whole  superstructure  came  tumbling 
down  upon  the  tent,  which,  in  turn,  gave  way  and  precipitated 
the  whole  mass  upon  the  occupants  and  their  frail  bunk.  Brush, 
poles,  tent,  bunk  and  occupants  all  went  to  grass  together.  The 
occupants  of  the  tent  extricated  themselves  from  their  predica- 
ment soon  as  possible,  and  in  their  scant  night  attire,  sought 
refuge  in  the  neighboring  tent  of  Col.  Rice,  the  commandant  of 
the  brigade,  leaving  their  clothing  behind  in  the  wreck.  The 
scene  in  Col.  Rice's  tent  was  amusing.  Col.  Rice  was  engaged 
holding  one  center  pole  while  Major  Sabin,  the  Paymaster,  was 
engaged  holding  the  other,  and  the  two  were  striving  heroically 
to  maintain  the  tent  in  an  upright  position.  They  welcomed 
reinforcements,  and  the  scant  attire  of  all  failed  to  indicate  their 
military  rank.  The  night  wore  away  and  the  storm  subsided. 
On  the  17th  there  was  a  large  detail  of  men  from  the  brigade  to 
build  fortifications  along  the  river.  On  the  19th  news  was  re- 
ceived that  Col.  Rice  had  been  appointed  Brig.  General,  U.  S.  V. 
On  the  20th  General  Rice  turned  the  command  of  the  brigade 
over  to  Col.  Chamberlain  of  the  20th  Me.  and  left  immediately 
for  Washington.  There  was  some  opposition  manifested  to  his 
being  returned  to  command  the  brigade.  His  sturdiest  critics 
must  admit  that  he  had  many  excellent  qualities  as  a  man  and 
soldier. 

Assistant  Surgeon  Herbert  Fearn  resigned  today  and  left 
the  regiment. 

Brig.  General  Rice  returned  to  camp  on  the  23d  and  soon 
thereafter  left  to  report  to  the  commanding  officer  of  the  ist 
corps,  for  assignment  to  the  command  of  a  brigade. 

On  the  29th  day  of  August  five  men  were  executed  in  the 


SERGEANT   \VILLL\M   WALLACE  JOHNSON. 


William  Wallace  Johnson,  l>orn  in  Dayton,  N.  Y.,  August  28,  1836, 
died  in  the  Soldiers  Home  at  Bath.  N.  Y.,  October  29,  1907.  He  was 
educated  in  the  public  school  in  his  neighborhood.  Thus  equipped, 
while  yet  a  young  boy,  lie  worked  on  the  farm  to  aid  in  the  support 
of  his  deceased  father's  family.  His  services  in  that  I^ehalf  won  high 
commendations. 

Thoroughly  patriotic,  of  fine  physique  and  robust  health,  he  was 
selected  to'  represent  the  town  of  Perrysburg  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  Vols., 
and  was  among  the  first  to  enter  the  Barracks  at  Albany.  From  the 
time  of  his  enlistment  to  the  end  of  his  three  years'  term  of  service,  he 
was  numbered  among  those  who  were  always  ready  for  duty.  His 
quaint  sayings,  his  uniform  good  nature,  and  his  genuine  hospitality, 
endeared  him  to  all  who  knew  him.  Brave  and  resolute  in  battle,  kind 
and  indulgeiDt  in  camp,  faithful  and  tireless  on  the  march,  a  model 
soldier.  He  always  cheerfully  shared  his  rations  and  blanket  with  a 
needy  comrade,  and  was  always  ready  to  care  for  and  administer  to 
the  sick  and  wounded.  As  a  summary  of  his  character  it  may  well  be 
said,  to  a  resolute  and  hardy  nature  was  added  a  kind  and  sympathetic 
heart. 


THE  K^w    ,.•:,,. 
PUBLIC  LIBRARY 

ASTOR,  LENOX 
TTLDEN  FOUNDATIONS  i 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      165 

(Chap.  XIV.  Execution  of  Five  Deserters.  Aug.  29,  1863] 

presence  of  the  5th  corps  for  desertion.  While  assigned  to  a 
regiment  of  our  division,  they  never  joined  or  became  identified 
with  it.  They  had  been  tried  by  a  court  martial  for  the  grave, 
military  offense  of  desertion,  found  guilty  and  ordered  to  be 
shot.  The  5th  corps  was  formed  in  two  lines  of  battle,  on  ele- 
vated grounds,  facing  a  broad  open  field,  affording  an  unob- 
structed view  by  the  troops  assembled.  Five  new-made  graves 
had  been  dug  at  the  front  and  opposite  the  center  of  the  line. 
When  all  was  in  readiness,  a  bugle  sounded  the  signal  for  the 
direful  procession  to  start.  Four  of  the  prisoners  marched  by 
twos,  but  the  other  one  marched  singly.  All  were  accompanied 
b)'^  their  spiritual  advisers.  A  drum  corps,  with  muffled  drums, 
playing  the  dead  march,  led  the  procession,  and  the  division 
provost  guard  of  50  men,  in  command  of  their  Captain,  marched 
in  the  rear.  Starting  at  the  left  of  one  line  of  battle,  the  pro- 
cession proceeded  at  a  slow  measured  tread  along  its  entire 
front,  then  returned  along  the  front  of  the  other  line  until  a 
point  had  been  reached  opposite  its  center,  when  a  turn  was 
made  and  the  march  continued  to  the  open  graves.  The  five 
graves  were  all  on  the  same  line.  Here  the  prisoners  were 
severally  seated  on  the  edges  of  different  coffins,  facing  the  pro- 
vost guard,  which  was  formed  in  line  about  ten  or  fifteen  yards 
from  them.  Ten  of  the  fifty  muskets,  with  which  the  guard 
were  armed,  were  loaded  for  them  with  blank  cartridges,  that 
no  member  of  the  guard  might  know  the  result  of  his  own  shot. 
The  guard  was  divided  into  groups  of  ten  and  each  group  was 
instructed  to  aim  at  a  different  prisoner.  The  officer  read  the 
order  for  the  execution  of  the  prisoners  and  black  caps  were 
placed  over  their  faces.  Everything  being  in  readiness,  the  of- 
ficer commanded  :  Ready ;  Aim ;  Fire  !  The  prisoners  were 
dead.  The  order  for  the  execution  had  been  carried  out  in 
every  detail. 

The  summer  of  1863  was  the  most  critical  time  in  the  affairs 
of  the  country  during  the  war.  This  was  shown  by  the  most 
bitter  opposition  to  the  Government  by  forming  in  some  of  the 
States  secret  organizations ;  by  plotting  to  burn  cities  and  by 
instigating  draft  riots,  making  it  necessary  to  take  troops  from 
the  field  to  ensure  public  order.  Nor  was  this  all.  Some  of  the 
leading  nations  of  Europe  were  not  only  extending  sympathy, 
but  were  also  secretly  rendering  material  aid  to  the  Confederate 


i66       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XIV.  Execution  of  One  Deserter.  Sept.  18,  1863] 

cause.  The  successes  at  Gettysburg,  Vicksburg  and  Port  Hud- 
son, were  most  opportune  in  staying  the  tendency,  looking  to 
the  final  dissolution  of  the  Union.  The  disloyal  sentiment  in 
the  North  had  much  to  do  with  causing  restlessness  and  de- 
sertions in  the  army  and  the  executions  above  described  illus- 
trated the  necessity  of  drastic  measures  to  suppress  that 
dangerous  and  demoralizing  factor.  The  5th  Corps  remained 
in  camp  at  Beverly  Ford  until  September  i6th,  when  it  broke 
camp,  crossed  the  Rappahannock  River,  and  marched  to  within 
2  miles  of  Culpepper  and  bivouacked  for  the  night.  At  an  early 
hour  on  the  next  morning  the  march  was  resumed,  and  while 
passing  through  Culpepper,  drums  beat  and  flags  were  unfurled. 
After  passing  Culpepper  the  corps  advanced  in  line  of  battle 
and  halted  2  miles  beyond  that  place.  We  remained  in  camp 
at  this  place  from  the  17th  day  of  September  to  the  nth  day 
of  October.  While  in  this  camp  Private  Van  of  the  12th  N.  Y. 
V.  Inf.  was  executed  in  the  presence  of  the  Division  for  the 
crime  of  desertion.  During  that  time  but  little  occurred  wor- 
thy of  note.  The  officers  reviewed  their  tactics  and  recited  to 
Lt.  Col.  Conner.  Capt.  B.  K.  Kimberly  was  an  experienced 
and  skillful  base  ball  player  and  took  the  lead  in  inaugurating 
a  series  of  games  of  base  ball.  On  the  24th  day  of  September 
the  nth  and  12th  corps  were  detached  from  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  and  transferred  to  the  Western  Army,  with  which 
they  afterwards  operated.  On  the  28th  of  September  General 
Meade  reviewed  the  5th  corps.  On  the  30th  Capt.  W.  N. 
Danks  was  in  command  of  the  regiment,  while  Lt.  Col.  Conner 
was  absent  on  picket.  Lieut.  Zeilman  returned  to  the  regiment. 
During  this  time  frequent  orders  were  promulgated  indicating 
that  a  movement  might  be  made  at  any  time.  On  the  4th  day  of 
October  Capt.  W.  R.  Bourne  returned  to  the  regiment  for  the 
first  time  since  he  was  wounded  at  Gettysburg  and  remained 
until  the  loth.  He  was  still  lame  from  the  effects  of  his  wound, 
and  was  soon  thereafter  transferred  to  the  Vet.  Res.  Corps. 
On  the  lOth  a  reconnoissance  in  force  was  made  to  the  Rapidan 
River  by  the  ist  Corps,  supported  by  the  5th  Corps.  The  ob- 
ject of  the  reconnoissance  having  been  accomplished  the  troops 
returned  to  the  camp.  On  the  nth  reveille  sounded  before  day- 
light, camp  was  struck  and  troops  soon  started  on  the  march  to 
the  rear.     Confederate  cavalry  followed  closely,  making  fre- 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      167 

[Chap.  XrV.  Lee's  Army  in  Motion.  Oct.  ii,  1863] 

quent  attacks  on  the  rear  guard.  The  5th  Corps  crossed  the 
Rappahannock  at  Beverly  Ford  and  bivouacked  on  grounds 
vacated  on  the  i6th  day  of  September.  Early  on  the  12th, 
much  to  the  surprise  of  our  troops,  the  2d,  3d  and  5th  Corps  re- 
crossed  the  Rappahannock  River,  formed  line  of  battle  and  ad- 
vanced, preceded  by  a  strong  line  of  skirmishers.  On  reaching 
the  first  range  of  hills,  the  enemy  were  plainly  seen  occupying  a 
second  range  of  hills  about  4  miles  distant.  To  our  left,  in  the 
direction  of  Bristoe  Station,  our  cavalry  were  plainly  seen 
hotly  engaged  with  the  cavalry  of  the  enemy.  The  field  of 
operations  was  a  broad,  rolling  plain,  aflfording  an  uncommon 
opportunity  to  witness  the  operations  of  all  the  troops  engaged. 
The  charges  and  counter  charges  of  the  opposing  cavalry  forces, 
with  drawn  sabres,  flashing  in  the  sunlight,  presented  a  specta- 
cle at  once  picturesque  and  thrilling.  The  long,  compact  lines 
of  infantry,  with  a  myriad  of  glistening  guns,  accompanied  by 
a  full  complement  of  artillery,  cooperating  with  the  cavalry  on 
that  bright  autumnal  day,  all  within  the  scope  of  vision,  pre- 
sented a  panorama  which  could  never  be  forgotten.  Our  troops 
advanced  in  line  of  battle  and  occupied  the  second  range  of  hills. 
Contrary  to  expectations  the  enemy  retreated  before  our  line  of 
skirmishers.  It  was  after  darkness  had  set  in  that  our  troops 
bivouacked  for  the  night  in  line,  with  a  strong  picket  line  posted 
well  to  the  front.  At  this  time  it  became  known  that  Lee  had 
put  his  army  in  motion  to  pass  the  right  flank  of  our  army  and 
as  was  supposed  to  intervene  again  between  it  and  Washington. 
Had  he  inaugurated  another  Bull  Run  campaign?  Counter 
movments  at  once  became  imperative.  At  i  o'clock  A.  M.  on 
the  13th  bivouac  was  struck  and  soon  thereafter  our  troops 
were  on  the  march  to  the  rear.  The  Rappahannock  River  was 
again  crossed  a  little  after  daylight,  a  short  halt  was  had  for 
breakfast,  after  which  the  march  to  the  rear  was  resumed.  Our 
troops  destroyed  the  railroad  bridge  across  the  Rappahannock 
River,  to  prevent  the  railroad  from  becoming  a  factor  in  the 
plans  of  the  enemy.  Our  brigade  acted  as  rear  guard  and  much 
of  the  day  had  flankers  out  to  prevent  surprise.  After  making 
a  march  of  22  miles  we  went  into  bivouac  near  Catlett's  Station. 
On  the  14th  reveille  sounded  at  2  o'clock  in  the  morning  but 
owing  to  the  large  number  of  troops  on  the  same  route  we  did 
not  move  until  after  daylight.     A  halt  was  made  for  dinner 


i68       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XIV.  Bristoe  Station.  Oct,  14,  1863 1 

about  2  or  3  miles  from  Manassas  Junction.  The  fires  of  our 
troops  cooking  coffee  soon  attracted  notice  of  the  enemy  and 
were  ordered  extinguished.  Thereafter  our  march  was  re- 
sumed to  the  rear.  It  soon  became  apparent  that  the  2d  Corps, 
which  was  following  in  the  rear  of  the  5th  Corps,  was  engaged 
in  a  spirited  fight.  The  5th  Corps  continued  its  march  to  Ma- 
nassas, where  it  halted  and  formed  line  of  battle.  Presently  the 
5th  Corps  was  ordered  on  double  quick  back  to  the  support  of 
the  2d  Corps.  Before  we  reached  the  field  of  operations,  the 
2d  Corps  had  repulsed  the  enemy,  capturing  5  pieces  of  artil- 
lery and  450  prisoners.  This  engagement  is  known  as  the  bat- 
tle of  Bristoe  Station.  When  it  was  found  that  the  2d  Corps 
did  not  require  our  help,  we  again  changed  our  direction  to  the 
rear,  and  contintied  our  march  until  2  o'clock  on  the  morning 
of  the  15th,  when  we  bivouacked  2  miles  beyond  Bull  Run 
Creek.  We  again  started  at  an  early  hour,  marched  through 
Centerville,  and  halted  for  the  night  near  Fairfax  C.  H.,  hav- 
ing made  a  march  of  about  10  miles.  We  remained  in  bivouac 
near  Fairfax  C.  H.  on  the  i6th  until  4  o'clock  P.  M,  when  we 
again  marched  back  and  bivouacked  within  one  mile  of  Center- 
ville. This  march  was  made  in  the  midst  of  a  cold,  drizzling 
rain.  The  night  was  very  dark  and  the  roads  extremely  muddy. 
It  was  difficult  for  the  troops  to  see  their  way  while  marching 
or  to  keep  in  touch  with  their  command. 

In  the  midst  of  the  dense  darkness  and  down  pouring  rain, 
a  group  of  mounted  men  rode  past  Colonel  Chamberlain,  com- 
manding the  brigade,  who  had  halted  and  sent  back  some  of  his 
staff  to  look  after  the  column  struggling  through  the  mud  and 
murk,  and  had  ordered  the  bugler  to  sound  the  brigade  call,  to 
guide  and  cheer  the  men.  When  opposite  him,  only  the  dim 
outline  of  forms  being  discernible,  one  of  the  arriving  group 
called  out:  "What  command  is  this?"  "Third  Brigade,  First 
Division,  Fifth  Corps,"  was  the  Colonel's  reply.  "Colonel," 
came  back  the  voice,  "your  men  are  strung  along  the  way  for  a 
mile  back.  You  could  not  assemble  them  for  any  purpose." 
"Sir,"  replied  the  Colonel,  irritated  by  the  rebuke,  "I  can  con- 
ceive of  no  'purpose'  governing  this  move,  but  this  bugle-call 
would  bring  my  men  through  Hell !"  "Sir,"  came  the  rejoinder, 
"do  you  know  that  I  am  General  Sykes?"    "I  know  General 


WATKIN    CHRlSTiAJAS    JONES. 

Relates  that  having  enlisted  in  the  Regiment  without  previous  mili- 
tary instruction  of  any  kind  whatever,  he  found  it  difficult  to  address 
the'  various  officers  by  their  correct  titles  until  he  was  reprimanded 
for  not  doing  so,  after  which  he  always  used  the  titles  of  officers  when 
addressing  them ;  in  return,  however,  for  this  discipline,  he  insisted  that 
the  officers  should  address  him  as  "Comrade  of  the  Front  Rank,"  his 
only  mark  of  distinction. 

He  relates  also  that  while  in  the  army,  he  took  an  oath  that  if  he 
ever  went  into  another  war,  he  "would  be  a  Colonel  or  nothing,"  this 
desire  for  higher  rank  being  a  result  of  his  experience  while  doing 
guard  duty  at  the  Colonel's  tent ;  he  observed  that  the  field  officers 
lived  high  and  was  occasionally  asked  to  share  with  them,  getting 
away  with  more  or  less  large  quantities  of  sweet  potatoes,  beefsteak, 
coffee,  milk,  sugar  and  an  assortment  of  cakes  and  pies ;  and  that  after 
these  feasts  at  headquarters,  it  often  took  him  "six  weeks  to  get  back 
to  a  hard  tack  basis." 

The  official  record  shows  that  he  enlisted  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Sept.  16,  '61,  and  served  faithfully  until  Sept.  22.  '62,  when  he  was 
honorably  discharged  for  disability  at  New  York  City. 


THE  i^^^ 
PUBLIC  L 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      169 

[Chap.  XrV.  March  and  Countermarch.  Oct.  i8,  1863 J 

Sykes,"  replied  Chamberlain,  "and  he  would  thank  me  for 
showing  him  through  this  muddle."  "You  are  a  little  sharp  on 
compliments,  but  I  think  you  will  get  your  men  up,"  came  a  re- 
ceding voice. 

On  the  17th  our  troops  did  not  move.  Tents  were  pitched 
and  sunshine  brought  a  degree  of  comfort  and  relief. 

One  the  i8th  reveille  was  sounded  at  3  o'clock  in  the  morn- 
ing, march  was  made  back  again  to  Fairfax  C.  H.,  and  camp 
was  established  with  some  degree  of  regularity.  Very  soon, 
however,  camp  was  struck  and  a  reconnoissance  was  ordered. 
The  end  of  the  day  brought  us  to  Hunter's  Mills,  where  we 
bivouacked  for  the  night.  On  the  19th  we  left  bivouac  at  an 
early  hour,  marched  through  Centerville,  over  the  Bull  Run 
battlefield,  and  halted  for  the  night  near  Groveton,  about  4 
o'clock  P.  M.  Here  opportunity  was  given  to  look  over  the 
battlefield  where  our  troops  fought  desperately  and  lost,  a  little 
more  than  a  year  before.  Evidences  were  not  wanting  of  that 
great  struggle.  There  were  to  be  seen  the  remains  of  soldiers, 
who  had  been  hastily  buried,  also  the  remains  of  those  who  had 
never  been  buried.  Among  the  latter  were  the  remains  of  Ser- 
geant L.  D.  Darling  of  Company  H,  who  was  reported  among 
the  missing  after  the  battle.  His  remains  were  identified  by  his 
belt,  which  was  marked  with  his  initials. 

On  the  20th  reveille  was  sounded  at  2  o'clock  in  the  morn- 
ing, but,  on  account  of  bad  roads  and  other  obstacles,  little 
progress  was  made  before  daylight.  A  considerable  halt  was 
made  at  Gainesville.  Starting  again,  a  point  near  New  Balti- 
more was  reached  about  4 130  in  the  afternoon,  when  a  halt  was 
made  for  the  night.  While  in  camp  at  this  place,  news  was  re- 
ceived that  President  Lincoln  had  issued  a  call  for  300,000  more 
troops.  This  news  was  received  with  much  satisfaction  by  the 
army.  No  change  of  camp  was  made  until  the  afternoon  of  the 
23d.  The  rest  was  much  appreciated  by  the  troops.  They  had 
become  considerably  jaded  by  the  continuous  marching  and 
counter  marching,  over  very  muddy  roads,  with  little  opportu- 
nity or  convenience  for  sleep.  If  Lee's  plan  of  campaign  was 
to  strike  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  unexpectedly,  in  flank  and 
rear,  bring  on  a  general  engagement  near  the  old  Bull  Run 
battlefield,  for  which  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  unprepared. 


I70       44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

{Chap.  XIV.  Confederate  Strategy.  Oct.  1863] 

and  send  it  vanquished  and  broken  to  the  rear,  his  plan  had 
failed.  If,  on  the  other  hand,  his  purpose  was  to  drive  the 
Union  Army  further  from  the  Confederate  capital,  tear  up  the 
railroad  upon  which  it  depended  to  furnish  supplies  in  its  ad- 
vanced position  and  gain  time  to  detach  Longstreet's  Corps  to 
reinforce  the  Confederate  Army  of  the  West,  then,  to  that  ex- 
tent, it  was  a  success.  The  continuous  marching  and  counter- 
marching in  which  our  army  had  been  engaged  indicated  that 
General  Meade  had  been  kept  busy  in  trying  to  anticipate  what 
the  real  purpose  was.  After  completely  destroying  the  railroad 
from  Bristoe  Station  to  the  Rappahannock,  by  burning  the  ties 
and  bending  the  rails,  the  Confederate  Army  retired  beyond 
that  river. 

On  the  23d  our  troops  moved  and  went  into  camp  a  few 
miles  from  Warrenton.  The  wagons  came  to  the  regiment  at 
this  place,  camp  was  regularly  laid  out,  and  the  inference  was 
drawn  that  no  immediate  movement  was  contemplated.  About 
dark  on  the  next  day  another  move  was  made.  About  9  o'clock, 
after  making  a  march  of  about  5  miles,  a  halt  was  made  for  the 
night. 

In  the  afternoon  of  the  25th  another  movement  was  made 
and  another  permanent  camp  was  laid  out.  These  permanent 
camps  were  becoming  quite  frequent  and  the  distance  between 
them  quite  short.  The  delay  of  the  army  was  caused  by  reason 
of  the  time  required  to  repair  the  railroad.  Near  our  camp  was 
a  venerable  old  Virginia  gentleman  by  the  name  of  McCormick. 
He  was  the  owner  of  a  large  plantation,  which  had  been  culti- 
vated by  slave  labor.  During  the  war  the  two  armies  had 
crossed  and  recrossed  this  plantation.  Most  of  the  time  it  was 
within  the  war  zone.  The  fences  and  crops  had  been  utilized 
or  destroyed,  the  slaves  and  stock  had  been  absorbed.  In  re- 
ferring to  the  condition  of  his  personal  affairs,  McCormick 
said :  "It  looks  like  a  blind  trust  on  Providence  as  to  how  we 
are  to  get  through  the  winter."  When  the  army  came  to  move, 
Hendricks  and  Crounce,  correspondents  respectively  of  the 
New  York  Herald  and  New  York  Times,  decided  to  stay  an- 
other night  at  the  McCormick  residence.  Scarcely  had  the  rear 
of  our  troops  disappeared  before  the  ubiquitous  Mosby  ap- 
peared upon  the  scene,  made  these  correspondents  prisoners, 
confiscated  their  horses  and  valuables  and  marched  them  off  to 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      171 

(Chap.  XIV.  Warrenton  Junction.  Oct  30,  1863 

Richmond.  The  incident  caused  some  merriment  at  the  time. 
The  newspaper  strategy  of  "On  to  Richmond"  had  been  veri- 
fied. Reveille  sounded  at  4  o'clock  A.  M.  on  the  30th  and  after 
marching  about  5  miles  a  halt  was  made  and  the  troops  again 
laid  out  another  permanent  camp,  about  3  miles  from  Warren- 
ton Junction. 

While  in  this  camp  there  was  considerable  complaint  made 
by  the  soldiers  in  regard  to  the  quality  of  hard  tack.  They  had 
learned  not  to  be  fastidious  over  small  things.  Hard  tacks 
labeled  B.  C.  were  accepted  with  no  adverse  comment,  but  when 
they  came  to  be  filled  with  creeping  things,  an  emphatic  protest 
was  made.  The  result  was  that  an  inspection  was  ordered,  the 
hard  bread  inspected  and  condemned,  and  more  issued  in  its 
place.  In  some  quarters  it  was  surmised  that  the  whole  affair 
was  a  species  of  strategy  in  order  to  increase  the  quantity  of 
rations  rather  than  improve  the  quality.  There  was  no  change 
of  camp  from  the  30th  of  October  until  the  7th  day  of  Novem- 
ber. 

After  destroying  the  Orange  &  Alexandria  railroad  from 
Warrenton  Junction  to  Rappahannock  Station,  Lee  withdrew 
the  main  body  of  his  army  to  the  South  side  of  the  Rapidan 
river,  threw  up  strong  defensive  works  and  supposedly  went 
into  winter  quarters.  He  left,  however,  two  brigades  of  infan- 
try and  a  complement  of  artillery  strongly  entrenched  to  guard 
the  crossing  of  the  river  at  Rappahannock  Station.  Other  Con- 
federate troops  were  stationed  at  Kelley's  Ford,  lower  down  the 
river.  The  detachment  left  to  hold  Rappahannock  Station  was 
posted  in  a  line  of  earth  works,  encircling  that  place,  and  ex- 
tending from  the  river  above  to  the  river  below  it.  These  works 
were  supplemented  by  others  on  the  South  side  of  the  river. 
The  7th  day  of  November  was  fair  and  cool.  The  few 
days  rest  and  the  bracing  atmosphere  gave  renewed  vigor 
to  our  troops.  On  reaching  a  point  about  2  miles  from  the 
river  a  halt  was  made,  line  of  battle  was  formed  and  a  strong 
skirmish  line  was  organized.  The  line  of  battle  was  formed 
with  the  6th  Corps  on  the  right  of  the  railroad  and  the  5th 
Corps  on  the  left  of  the  railroad.  Large  details  of  officers  and 
men  were  made  from  the  different  regiments  of  our  brigade  to 
act  as  skirmishers.  The  line  of  battle  and  the  skirmish  line 
were  formed  in  the  woods,  that  skirted  a  broad  open  plain,  ex- 


172       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XIV.  Rappahannock  Station.  Nov.  7,  1863] 

tending  to  the  banks  of  the  river.  Everything  being  in  readi- 
ness the  advance  began  about  4  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  The 
line  of  Confederate  skirmishers  w^as  posted  about  three  fourths 
of  a  mile  in  front  of  their  fortifications.  As  soon  as  our  skir- 
mishers came  in  range  they  engaged  the  Confederate  skirmish- 
ers and  steadily  drove  them  back  to  their  fortifications.  The  line 
of  battle  of  the  5th  Corps  was  halted  on  reaching  the  road  lead- 
ing to  Kelley's  Ford.  The  line  of  the  6th  Corps  advanced  in 
splendid  order,  and  gallantly  charged  and  carried  the  enemy's 
works  to  the  right  of  the  railroad.  Our  skirmish  line  charged  at 
the  same  time  with  the  6th  Corps,  and  some  of  our  troops  were 
among  the  first  to  scale  the  enemy's  works.  When  the  enemy 
broke,  they  started  to  retreat  across  the  bridge  in  rear  of  their 
works,  but  the  raking  fire  of  our  troops  soon  caused  them  to 
abandon  that  line  of  escape.  Some  jumped  into  the  river  and 
endeavored  to  escape  in  that  way,  but,  they,  too,  were  forced  to 
return  and  surrender.  The  victory  was  complete.  Over  1,300 
prisoners  and  8  pieces  of  artillery  were  taken.  Some  of  the 
Confederate  officers,  who  were  compelled  to  surrender  after 
jumping  into  the  river,  were  detained  as  prisoners  during  the 
night  at  brigade  headquarters.  Orders  were  received  that  no 
fires  were  to  be  built  as  they  furnished  targets  for  the  enemy. 
The  night  was  cool  and  the  prisoners  who  had  been  in  the  river 
entered  some  complaint  because  no  fires  were  allowed  by  which 
they  could  dry  their  clothes.  Blankets  were  procured  for  them 
and  they  were  made  comfortable  as  possible. 

An  incident  here  occurred  that  should  not  be  overlooked. 
Soon  after  the  entry  of  our  troops  into  the  fort  Lieut.  Herenden 
discovered  a  number  of  Confederates,  unguarded  and  uncared 
for,  lurking  in  the  darkness.  Taking  in  the  situation  that  re- 
sourceful officer  commanded  in  a  loud  voice :  "Fall  in  for  cof- 
fee." He  was  surprised  to  find  that  his  command  or  invitation, 
at  once  placed  5  officers  and  55  men  under  his  immediate  and 
sole  charge.  These  he  conducted  to  regimental  headquarters 
where  with  the  aid  of  other  members  of  the  regiment,  they  were 
banqueted  on  pork,  hard  tack  and  coffee,  after  which  they  were 
taken  to  corps  headquarters,  where  were  assembled  several  hun- 
dred of  their  misguided  associates. 

While  the  5th  and  6th  Corps  were  engaged  at  Rappahannock 
Station  General  French  with  the  3d  Corps  advanced  to  Kelley's 


LIEUT.  WILLIAM  W.  JONES. 

William  W.  Jones  resided  at  the  time  of  his  enlistment  with  his 
father  at  Sodus,  N.  Y.,  and  was  then  a  school-teacher. 

He  enlisted  in  this  regiment  on  Aug.  8,  1861,  for  three  years;  was 
promoted  to  First  Lieutenant  of  Co.  K,  Sept.  3.  1861 ;  died  of  typhoid 
fever  May  5.  1862,  at  New  York  City,  and  was  buried  at  Huron,  N.  Y. 

It  is  to  be  regretted  that  no  further  information  about  the  early 
life  of  this  excellent  young  man  has  been  obtained  :  comrades  who  knew 
him  well  during  his  brief  career  as  a  soldier  unitedly  testify  that  he  was 
intelligent,  courteous,  diligent  and  efficient  in  the  discharge  of  his 
military  duties. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      173 

(Chap.  XIV.  Camp  at  Rappahannock.  Nov.  lo,  1863 

Ford,  forced  a  passage,  dispersed  the  troops  of  the  enemy  sta- 
tioned at  that  point  and  captured  400  prisoners.  What  is  known 
as  the  Battle  of  Rappahannock  Station  was  very  creditable  to 
the  troops  engaged. 

On  the  8th  day  of  November,  the  day  after  the  battle  of 
Rappahannock  Station,  the  army  crossed  the  river.  The  ist, 
2d,  3d  and  5th  Corps  crossed  at  Kelley's  Ford  and  the  6th 
Corps  crossed  at  Rappahannock  Station.  We  moved  back 
from  the  river  about  2  miles  and  bivouacked  for  the  night. 

On  the  9th  General  J.  J.  Bartlett  was  assigned  to  the  com- 
mand of  our  division,  in  the  absence  of  General  Griffin. 
Towards  evening  we  returned,  recrossed  the  river,  and  after 
marching  about  one  mile  further,  halted  for  the  night,  about  9 
o'clock  in  an  open  plain.  About  dark  a  raging  storm  of  wind, 
rain  and  sleet  set  in.  The  land  was  low  and  water-soaked,  the 
place  of  bivouac  was  devoid  of  timber  with  which  to  build  fires 
or  pitch  tents,  making  it  a  memorable  night  of  discomfort. 

On  the  loth  we  moved  back  into  the  woods  and  pitched 
camp.  Fires  were  soon  built,  a  supply  of  better  rations  issued 
and  more  comfortable  conditions  prevailed.  No  change  of  camp 
was  made  until  the  19th.  In  the  meantime  there  were  several 
premonitory  symptoms,  indicating  a  prospect  of  an  early  move- 
ment. Precautionary  orders  which  came  to  nought  were  often 
issued  for  the  purpose  of  keeping  troops  on  the  alert.  On  the 
13th  General  Rice  visited  camp.  He  seemed  as  much  pleased 
to  exchange  greetings  as  a  member  of  a  family,  returning  home 
after  a  protracted  absence.  Reveille  before  daylight  on  Thurs- 
day, the  19th,  indicated  that  some  movement  was  surely  con- 
templated. The  Mine  Run  campaign  was  about  to  begin.  At 
9  o'clock  tents  were  struck  and  the  troops  were  soon  in  motion. 
Kelley's  Ford  was  reached  and  crossed  for  the  sixth  time  and 
after  marching  about  2  miles  further  a  halt  was  made.  On  the 
24th  reveille  sounded  at  5  o'clock  in  the  morning  and  soon  the 
advance  was  resumed.  A  very  heavy  rain  storm  set  in  and  after 
marching  about  2  miles  an  order  was  received  to  return  to  the 
last  night's  camp.  Before  reaching  camp  everybody  was  thor- 
oughly wet.  The  next  day  was  given  to  drying  clothes  and 
blankets.  An  early  start  was  again  made  on  the  26th.  A  strong 
line  of  skirmishers  preceded  the  troops.  The  Rapidan  River 
was  reached  and  crossed  at  Gold  Mine  Ford.    After  crossing 


174       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XrV.  Mine  Run.  Nov.  29,  1863J 

the  river  march  was  continued  several  miles  before  halting  for 
the  night.  On  this  day  a  march  of  20  miles  was  made.  Early 
on  Friday  the  27th  the  advance  was  resumed,  and  after  reach- 
ing it,  the  plank  road  leading  to  Orange  C.  H.  was  followed. 
About  noon  guerillas  attacked  our  train,  capturing  5  wagons, 
mules,  teamsters  and  train  guards.  Three  men  of  the  Forty- 
Fourth,  and  members  of  the  guard,  were  captured.  We  halted 
for  the  night  a  little  before  dark  at  a  place  called  Coopers 
Church  or  Verdiersville.  Before  the  arrival  of  the  infantry  a 
spirited  battle  of  cavalry  had  been  fought.  General  Meade  had 
contemplated  making  on  the  28th  a  general  attack  on  the  Con- 
federate Army  in  the  position  it  occupied  on  the  previous  day, 
but  on  advancing  it  was  found  that  Lee  had  taken  up  a  new 
strong  position  beyond  Mine  Run.  This  circumstance  delayed 
the  day  of  battle.  It  rained  a  good  share  of  the  day.  All  move- 
ments were  executed  with  extreme  caution.  Robinson's  Tavern 
was  reached  about  11  o'clock  A.  M.  The  headquarters  of  the 
army  were  at  this  place.  More  or  less  musketry  firing  was 
heard  during  the  day.  Rain,  mud  and  undeveloped  events 
occupied  the  minds  of  the  rank  and  file  of  the  army.  Long 
before  daylight  on  the  29th  the  camp  was  aroused  and  soon 
thereafter  a  start  for  the  front  was  made.  On  reaching  the 
front  pickets  were  detailed  from  our  brigade  to  relieve  the 
pickets  of  the  2d  Corps.  The  rest  of  the  brigade  was  held  in 
reserve,  concealed  from  the  enemy  by  a  grove  of  second  growth 
pines.  The  Confederate  pickets  were  posted  on  higher  grounds 
on  the  opposite  side  of  Mine  Run,  amply  protected  by  rifle  pits, 
and  within  easy  musket  range  of  our  picket  line.  It  will  be 
readily  seen  that  the  act  of  relieving  the  picket  line  in  open 
daylight  was  extremely  hazardous.  The  enemy  did  not  fail 
to  utilize  the  opportunity.  In  executing  the  movement  the 
Forty-Fourth  had  3  men  wounded.  The  next  time  the  line  was 
relieved  was  in  the  night  and  no  casualty  occurred.  The  prox- 
imity of  the  lines  of  the  two  armies,  and  the  mental  tension 
that  takes  possession  of  the  combatants  just  before  a  battle, 
made  it  a  Hvely  day  of  skirmish  line  hostilities.  The  enemy's 
main  line  of  battle  could  be  plainly  seen.  Their  position  was 
a  very  strong  one.  It  was  made  many  times  more  so  by  ex- 
tensive earth  works  which  had  been  erected.  The  enemy  could 
be  plainly  seen  at  work  on  their  fortifications,  making  them 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      175 

[Chap.  XIV.  Mine  Run  an  Obstacle.  Nov.  29,  1863] 

more  formidable  and  the  approach  more  difficult.  On  our 
side  preparations  were  being  made  to  storm  the  enemy's  works. 
On  the  night  before  the  attack  was  to  be  made  men  were  selected 
to  go  to  the  bank  of  Mine  Run,  and  ascertain  by  actual  meas- 
urement the  nature  of  the  stream  and  the  height  of  the  banks. 
Corporal  Adgate  T.  Gregg  of  Company  H  was  selected  for  that 
duty  for  the  Forty-Fourth.  The  duty  was  hazardous  but  quite 
important.  Any  indication  of  a  movement  to  the  front  was 
sure  to  draw  the  fire  of  the  enemy's  picket  line,  posted  on  the 
opposite  bank.  Supplied  with  a  pole,  Corporal  Gregg  crept 
cautiously  to  the  banks  of  the  stream,  made  the  desired  meas- 
urements, and  safely  returned.  The  water  in  the  stream  was 
not  so  much  of  an  obstacle  as  its  banks,  which  were  from  4  to 
10  feet  in  height  and  very  steep.  Taken  together  it  made  a  seri- 
ous obstacle  to  a  Hne  of  battle  just  starting  to  make  an  as- 
sault. After  passing  the  Run  there  was  a  gradual  incline  of  the 
field,  leading  up  to  the  enemy's  main  works.  It  was  a  clear, 
open  field,  affording  ample  opportunity  for  the  use  of  mus- 
ketry and  artillery.  It  was  considered  quite  problematic 
whether  the  enemy's  main  works  in  that  front  could  be  carried 
by  direct  assault. 

A  little  episode  took  place  while  the  two  armies  confronted 
each  other  on  this  battle  field.  A  flock  of  sheep  innocently 
wandered  between  the  opposing  picket  lines,  opposite  the  front 
of  the  Forty-Fourth.  Each  side  tried  in  various  ways  to  lure 
the  sheep  within  their  own  lines.  The  animal  instincts  of  the 
sheep  evidently  induced  them  to  act  on  the  assumption  that 
there  was  more  to  be  feared  from  the  keen  demands  of  the 
soldiers  appetites  than  their  wanton  desire  to  engage  in  a 
useless  slaughter.  For  a  time  they  took  their  chances  be- 
tween the  lines.  Both  sides  failing  to  obtain  possession  of 
the  sheep  by  coaxing,  a  few  of  the  sheep  were  shot  between 
the  lines.  Now,  another  difficulty  presented  itself.  It  was 
all  a  soldier's  life  was  worth  to  set  foot  outside  of  his  works. 
The  dead  sheep  counted  for  nothing  where  they  lay.  An  in- 
formal parley  of  the  opposing  troops  in  that  immediate  vicinity 
was  held.  It  was  agreed  on  honor  that  an  equal,  and  limited 
number  of  soldiers  on  each  side,  might  meet  between  the  lines 
without  arms,  divide  and  carry  away  an  equal  number  of  dead 
sheep.     This  brief  armistice    was  carried  out  to  the  mutual 


176       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

{Chap.  XIV.  Mine  Run;    On  Picket  Duty.  Nov.  30,  1863] 

satisfaction  of  the  interested  parties.     Presently  the  remainder 
of  the  flock  of  sheep  showed  their  preference  for  the  Union 
cause,  made  a  rush,  and  came  within  our  lines.     Our  men  on 
the  skirmish  line  were  not  allowed  to  leave  their  posts,  but  the 
men  on  reserve,  concealed  behind  the  second  growth  pines,  un- 
heeding the  brisk  fire  of  the  enemy,  charged  upon  the  balance 
of  the  sheep  in  the  open  field,  captured  and  carried  them  away. 
The  enemy's  picket  line  opened  a  brisk  fire  on  the  men  pur- 
suing the  sheep  and  our  picket  lines  countered  on  the  enemy. 
The  unusual  nature  of  the  incident  can  not  fail  to  be   re- 
called by  those  who  took  part  or  witnessed  it.     The  affair 
furnished  amusement  to  the  spectators,  fresh  mutton   for  a 
large  number,  and  no  casualties.    On  the  29th  orders  were  is- 
sued preparatory  to  delivering  battle  at  8  o'clock  on  the  next 
morning.     The  2d  Corps,  General  Warren  commanding,  held 
the  left  of  the  general  line.    It  was  augmented  by  2  divisions 
of  the  3d  Corps.    With  this  increased  command  it  was  planned 
that  General  Warren  was  to  open  the  battle,  to  be  immediately 
followed  by  a   determined  assault  by  the  6th  Corps,  which 
held  the  right  of  the  general  line.     The  other  troops  were  to 
cooperate   with    sufficient   earnestness   to  prevent  the   enemy 
from  detaching  from  their  immediate  front,  or  to  convert  their 
operations  into  a  real  assault  in  case  opportunity  offered.    Thus 
it  was  planned  and  thus  affairs  stood  on  the  evening  of  the 
29th,    On  the  morning  of  the  30th  the  army  was  aroused  with 
the  full  understanding  that  another  bloody  chapter  was  to  be 
added  to  its  record.    When  in  readiness  General  Warren  was 
to  fire  a  signal  gun.    Eight  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  30th 
came  but  no  signal  gun  was  heard.    An  hour  passed  and  still 
an  ominous  silence  prevailed.     Eager  ears  were  listening  for 
the  reverberating  sound  of  the  signal  cannon  shot  which  was 
to  set  the  ball  in  motion.     General  Meade  became  impatient. 
The  suspense  was  broken  on  receipt  of  the  following  com- 
munication : 
General  Meade: 

"November  30th,   1863,  7:45. 
"It  is  now  7 :4S  and  I  have  heard  no  firing  from  you,  from  which  I 
fear  the  enemy  has  left  your  front.     His  position  and  strength  seem 
so  formidable  in  my  present  front  that  I  advise  against  making  the  attack 
here.    The  full  light  of  the  sun  shows  me  that  I  can  not  succeed. 

G.  K.  Warren, 
Major  General." 


FRANK  M.  KELLEY. 

Enlisted  as  Private  in  Co.  H,  Sept.  25,  1861.  Age  19.  Promoted  to 
Sergeant  Sept..  1861  and  served  as  such  vmtil  March  1863  when  he 
was  promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant  of  Co.  H  Acting  Adjutant  April  6  to 
16,  1863;  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant-General  of  the  3d  Brigade,  ist 
Div.  5th  Army  Corps,  April  27,  1863  and  during  the  campaign  of  Chan- 
cellorsville.  In  June,  1863,  was  detached  as  Acting  Aide  de  Camp  to 
the  Commanding  General  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  and  serv^ed  with 
Generals  Hooker  and  Meade  through  the  Gettyshurg  Campaign,  Bre- 
veted Captain  of  U.  S.  Volunteers  "  for  gallant,  faithful  and  meri- 
torious services  during  the  war." 


Itilden 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      177 

[Chap.  XIV.  Mine  Run  "A  Closed  Incident."  Dec.  i,  1863] 

Impatience  at  once  changed  to  great  disappointment.  After 
ordering  all  movements  suspended  General  Meade  rode  hur- 
riedly to  General  Warren's  headquarters.  He  found  General 
Warren  adhering  tenaciously  to  the  opinion  that  it  would  be 
hopeless  to  make  the  attack  on  his  front.  After  looking  over 
the  situation,  General  Meade  reluctantly  acceded  to  the  views 
of  General  Warren.  The  proposed  plan  of  battle  having  been 
abandoned  it  became  necessary  at  once  to  decide  on  the  next 
step  to  be  taken.  To  that  end  the  opinions  of  the  other  Corps 
Commanders  were  sought,  to  learn  if  in  their  several  judg- 
ments it  was  practicable  to  make  a  determined  assault  on  their 
respective  fronts.  The  consensus  of  the  opinions  of  the  Corps 
Commanders,  severally  expressed,  was  against  such  attack. 
The  only  alternative  left  was  to  withdraw  from  the  field  and 
take  position  nearer  the  base  of  supplies.  The  order  was  ac- 
cordingly given  and  soon  as  dark  the  movement  to  the  rear 
was  begun.  At  3  o'clock  A.  M.  of  December  2d  the  pickets 
were  quietly  withdrawn  and  reformed  as  a  rear  guard  and 
they,  too,  cautiously  marched  to  the  rear.  The  rearward 
movement  of  the  army  back  to  the  North  bank  of  the  Rappa- 
hannock was  conducted  with  the  same  precaution  as  was  ex- 
ercised in  the  advance.  The  5th  Corps  crossed  the  Rapidan  at 
Germanna  Ford  and  the  Rappahannock  at  the  ford  by  that 
name.  The  record  of  the  fruitless  Mine  Run  campaign  had 
now  been  made. 


178     44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XV.  la  Winter  Quarters.  Dec.  4,  1863] 


I! 

1 


CHAPTER  XV. 

THE  WINTER  OF  1863-4. 

On  reaching  the  North  side  of  the  Rappahannock  River 
on  December  3d,  the  5th  Corps  was  posted  along  the  Orange 
&  Alexandria  Railroad,  extending  from  that  river  to  Fair- 
fax C.  H,  The  3d  Brigade  was  stationed  about  one  mile 
from  and  overlooking  the  river.  As  that  railroad  was  used  to 
furnish  supplies  for  the  army  it  was  important  to  keep  it  in- 
tact. The  brigade  was  located  upon  the  battle  field  of  Novem- 
ber 7th  and  the  diffierent  regiments  proceeded  to  lay  out  well 
regulated  camps.  There  was  a  scarcity  of  materials  obtain- 
able for  fixing  up  camp.  As  they  had  to  be  brought  some  dis- 
tance, great  economy  and  all  kinds  of  ingenuity  were  ex- 
ercised in  their  use.  The  inclement  weather  had  a  tendency 
to  facilitate  operations.  On  the  loth  a  few  men,  among  whom 
was  Assistant  Surgeon  Freer  of  the  83d  Penn.,  went  a  short 
distance  outside  the  lines  and  were  captured  by  guerrillas. 
After  taking  all  their  valuables  from  the  men  they  were  per- 
mitted to  return  to  camp.  Dr.  Freer,  however,  was  detained, 
and  a  few  days  afterward  his  body  was  found  near  the  place 
where  he  was  captured,  riddled  by  bullets.  On  the  nth  details 
were  made  from  the  regiment  for  picket  duty,  and  to  guard 
trains  going  to  and  from  Alexandria.  On  this  day  Captains 
Allen  and  Danks  and  10  men  were  detailed  from  the  regi- 
ment for  recruiting  service  in  the  State  of  New  York,  but  they 
did  not  leave  camp  until  the  i6th.  On  January  21,  1864,  Capt. 
Bennett  Munger  was  detached  for  service  at  Prison  Camp 
at  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  and  on  Jan.  22nd  Adjutant  Herenden  left 
camp  for  the  North  having  been  detached  for  duty  in  the  De- 
partment of  the  East,  and  ist  Lieut.  O.  L.  Munger  was  ap- 
pointed Acting  Adjutant.  Camp  and  picket  duty  and  guarding 
railroad  trains  occupied  the  attention  of  the  regiment  until  the 
24th  day  of  January,  1864.  A  new  year  had  come.  The  forces 
of  rebellion  were  still  in  the  field,  but  more  inclined  to  stand 
on  the  defensive.    On  the  other  hand,  there  was  no  lack  of  de- 


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V  1 


ASTOW,  LENOX 
;  TILDEN  FOUNDATIONS^ 


I  PUBLIC  Li: 

I  ASTOR,  LEK 


I  ASTC • 


Standing,  left  to  right: 

Ass't  Surg.  Spencer;  Capt.  Fox;  Lieut.  Chas.  Kelly;  Capt.  Wood;  Capt.  Husted; 
Lieut.  Munger;  Lieut.  Botchford;  Lieut.  Hardenburgh;  Lieut.  Bennett;  Surg.  Town- 
send;  Capt.  Kimberly;   Lieut.  Dempsey;  Capt.  Grannis. 

Sitting: 

Lieut.  Ten  Broeck;   Major  Knox;  Col.  Conner;   Capt.  Johnson;   Lieut.  Graves. 

AT    ALEXANDRIA,  VA.,  APRIL,   1864 


\  PUBLIC  i 


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\     THE  KEW  YORK     " 
PUBLIC  LIB^;ARY 

i  ASTOR,  LENOX 

,  TILDEN  FOUND,'  TIONS 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      179 

{Chap.  XV.  Moved  to  Alexandria.  Jan.  25,  1864] 

termination  to  preserve  the  Union.  On  the  24th  day  of  January. 
1864,  an  order  was  received  for  the  regiment  to  strike  camp 
and  be  ready  to  take  the  cars  for  Alexandria,  to  engage  in  the 
duty  of  guarding  trains  to  and  from  the  front.  Everything 
was  in  readiness,  the  cars  were  boarded  at  7  o'clock  P.  M., 
and  Alexandria  was  reached  at  2  o'clock  the  next  morning. 
A  day  or  two  was  spent  in  what  was  known  as  "Soldiers  Rest" 
in  Alexandria,  and,  soon  as  tents  could  be  obtained,  the  regi- 
ment went  into  permanent  camp  for  the  rest  of  the  winter,  at 
the  head  of  King  street.  The  grounds  were  spacious  and  the 
camp  was  laid  out  with  great  regularity.  It  is  not  too  much 
to  say  that  when  completed  the  camp  was  a  model  in  all  its 
details.  The  service  was  quite  unique.  A  detail  was  made  each 
day  of  4  commissioned  officers  and  100  men,  one  officer  and 
25  men  to  accompany  each  train  on  its  round  trip  to  the  front. 
When  the  train  was  made  up  the  detail  went  on  top  of  the 
cars,  and  rode  thereon  to  protect  it  from  guerrillas  and  bandits. 
The  distance  to  the  front  and  the  nature  of  the  country  afforded 
an  opportunity  for  the  vigilant  Mosby  and  his  irregular  band 
to  commit  serious  depredations.  A  resolute,  well-armed  guard 
had  a  very  restraining  influence  in  preventing  such  ill-timed 
operations.  No  instance  is  recalled  where  an  attack  was  made 
upon  a  train  during  the  winter. 

Mosby  did,  however,  during  the  winter,  get  his  mounted 
gang  in  hand,  make  a  dash  through  the  picket  line,  not  far  from 
the  Rappahannock  River,  and  with  much  noise  and  bustle 
make  an  attack  in  the  middle  of  the  night  upon  2d  Brigade  at 
1st  Division  headquarters.  The  suddenness  of  the  attack 
at  an  unexpected  hour  caused  considerable  consternation.  Non- 
combatants  were  frightened  and  dispersed,  mules  were  stam- 
peded and  much  confusion  temporarily  prevailed.  As  soon 
as  troops  could  be  awakened  and  rallied  the  gang  seized  what 
plunder  they  could  carry  and  made  a  hasty  exit  from  our  lines. 

It  was  thought  that  Mosby  and  his  gang  should  be  pursued 
and  punished  for  their  rashness.  On  the  next  day  a  squadron 
of  the  1st  R.  I.  Cavalry  was  ordered  out  for  that  purpose.  The 
writer  was  sent  along  in  the  capacity  of  guide  and  spectator. 
The  route  taken  was  along  the  river  in  the  direction  of  Fred- 
ericksburg. The  command  numbered  about  150  to  200  well 
mounted  and  equipped  horsemen.    The  search  was  prosecuted 


i8o       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XV.  Railroad  Guard  Duty.  Jan.  25,  1864J 

with  diligence  until  about  sundown  when  a  halt  was  taken. 
No  sign  of  the  gang  had  been  discovered.  The  commanding 
officer  had  ample  discretion  as  to  how  far  he  should  go  or 
how  long  remain.  After  resting  and  feeding,  he  decided  to 
return  to  camp  the  same  night.  The  start  on  the  return  was  be- 
gun about  dark.  It  was  thought  that  Mosby  might  have  been 
watching  the  movement  and  would  plan  to  intercept  the  com- 
mand on  its  return.  The  night  was  clear  and  cold,  the  ground 
frozen  and  the  tramp  of  cavalry  could  be  heard  quite  a  dis- 
tance. Nothing  out  of  the  ordinary  happened  until  about  ii 
o'clock  at  night.  At  that  time  the  tramp  of  horses  could  be 
plainly  heard  directly  in  our  front.  The  place,  the  hour  and 
circumstance,  were  suspicious.  One  side  of  the  highway  was 
skirted  with  woods,  on  the  other  were  cleared,  open  fields.  It 
was  noted  that  Mosby  could  have  selected  no  better  place  to 
cut  off  the  returning  detachment.  There  was  only  one  thing  to 
do  and  that  was  to  make  a  quick,  determined  charge.  Sabers 
were  drawn  and  the  charge  was  ordered.  The  writer  had  a 
position  of  honor  by  the  side  of  the  commanding  officer,  who 
rode  at  the  head  of  his  command.  The  rattle  of  scabbards 
and  the  clanking  of  the  horses'  feet  upon  the  frozen  ground 
were  well  calculated  to  carry  consternation  to  an  expectant 
enemy.  As  the  charge  proceeded,  the  momentum  and  deter- 
mination of  the  horsemen  increased.  For  lack  of  knowledge 
of  a  more  modern  illustration  it  might  be  compared  to  the 
charge  of  the  Light  Brigade.  In  the  darkness  a  little  way  in 
advance  two  horsemen  were  discovered  apparently  awaiting 
the  onset.  The  intervening  space  was  soon  covered.  The 
spectre  of  Mosby  and  his  gang  had  vanished.  Paralyzed  with 
fear,  the  two  horsemen  had  only  power  of  locomotion  enough 
to  move  to  the  roadside.  The  suspected  enemy  proved  to  be 
two  harmless  negroes,  mounted  upon  poor,  woe-begone  mules. 
Camp  was  reached  during  the  night  with  few  trophies  and 
no  casualties  to  report. 

After  the  streets  and  tents  of  the  regiment  had  been  put  in 
superior  condition,  a  beautiful  arch  was  erected  at  the  foot 
of  each  street.  All  the  arches,  except  the  central  arch,  were 
of  similar  design  and  construction,  elaborately  and  beautifully 
trimmed  with  evergreens,  and  the  letter  of  the  Company  sus- 
pended from  the  center  of  the  arch.    The  central  street  was 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      i8i 

[Chap.  XV.  Camp  at  Alexandria,  Winter,  1864] 

wider  than  the  other  streets,  its  arch  was  higher  than  the  other 
arches,  with  canvas  attached  to  framework  on  which  in  large  let" 
ters  were  names  of  the  different  battles  in  which  the  regiment 
had  been  engaged.  The  officers'  tents  were  placed  at  the  head 
of  the  street,  due  regard  being  had  to  intervening  space.  As 
a  whole,  it  was  an  ideal  camp  and  maintained  with  scrupulous 
care.  It  was  the  pride  of  the  whole  regiment  and  did  not  re- 
quire drastic  orders  to  keep  it  in  excellent  condition. 

Captain  B.  R.  Wood  returned  to  the  regiment  on  the  7th 
day  of  February  and  was  warmly  greeted.  He  had  been  on 
detached  duty  in  the  Signal  Corps  with  the  Western  Army, 
where  he  rendered  distinguished  services. 

On  Sunday,  the  20th  day  of  March,  an  artist  came  from 
Brady's  famous  war-time  picture  gallery  in  Washington  and 
took  different  impressions  of  the  camp  from  which  large  pic- 
tures were  made,  many  of  which  are  still  preserved  by  mem- 
bers and  friends  of  the  regiment.  The  picture  showed  the 
regiment  faultlessly  formed  at  dress  parade,  with  the  entire 
camp  in  the  background.  Another  picture  was  taken  showing 
the  officers  present  with  the  regiment  in  full  dress  uniform, 
standing  in  the  central  arch.  This,  too,  was  an  excellent  pic- 
ture, and  many  copies  of  it  are  preserved. 

The  regiment  was  engaged  on  duty  guarding  trains  from 
January  24th  to  the  29th  day  of  April,  a  little  more  than 
three  months.  The  position  up  on  top  of  the  cars  during  inclem- 
ent weather  was  often  quite  uncomfortable,  but  on  the  whole, 
the  service  was  considered  preferable  to  the  ordinary  routine 
and  monotony  of  camp  and  picket  duty  at  the  front.  When 
not  on  duty  many  liberties  were  granted.  A  liberal  number 
of  passes  were  granted  each  day,  enabling  the  bearer  to  visit 
places  of  interest  in  Alexandria  and  Washington.  Public 
grounds  and  buildings  were  visited,  and  public  receptions  given 
by  President  Lincoln  and  other  officials  were  attended.  On 
the  first  day  of  April  permission  was  given  to  all  who  desired 
to  do  so  to  attend  the  theater.  Eighty-five  members  availed 
themselves  of  the  opportunity.  On  the  23d  a  large  party  was 
made  up  of  soldiers  and  civilians  to  visit  Mt.  Vernon.  The 
tomb  of  the  Father  of  our  Country,  being  outside  our  lines, 
made  it  necessary  for  soldiers  to  go  armed,  accompanied  by 
a  cavalry  escort  to  insure  safety.    Washington's  "Farewell  Ad- 


i82       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XV.  Ordered  to  "the  Front."  April  29,  1864] 

dress,"  emphasizing  the  necessity  of  a  united  people,  failed  to 
keep  sacred  his  tomb  from  liability  of  attack  by  his  mis- 
guided countrymen  upon  those  paying  respects  to  his  memory. 
During  the  winter  at  Alexandria  both  smallpox  and  measles 
invaded  camp,  but  enforcement  of  vigorous  rules  of  quarantine 
under  direction  of  Surgeon  Townsend  and  his  assistants  pre- 
vented wide-spread  sickness  and  only  a  few  deaths  resulted. 

On  Thursday,  April  26th,  an  order  was  received  to  be 
ready  to  go  to  the  front  and  join  the  brigade  as  soon  as  re- 
lieved. The  agreeable  service  of  the  past  three  months,  the 
beautiful  permanent  camp,  which  had  afforded  a  shelter  and 
home  during  most  of  the  winter,  the  closer  touch  with  civil  life, 
which  tended  to  vary  the  monotony  of  camp  duty,  were  all  re- 
quired to  be  laid  aside.  The  still  uncompromising  attitude  of 
the  Confederate  authorities,  the  coming  of  "Unconditional 
Surrender  Grant"  to  lead  the  army,  the  unyielding  determina- 
tion that  the  Union  must  be  preserved,  were  unmistakable 
signs  that  stirring  events  were  about  to  be  inaugurated.  Nec- 
essary articles  for  campaigning  had  to  be  selected  from  those 
which  had  accumulated  during  the  winter.  During  the  next 
two  days  the  camp  was  busy  making  the  needful  preparations. 
Friday,  the  29th,  came  with  orders  to  be  ready  to  board  the 
train  for  the  front.  Old  friends  and  new  acquaintances  were 
on  hand  to  exchange  parting  salutations.  It  was  noted  that 
a  preponderance  of  the  gentler  sex  were  on  hand  to  grace  the 
occasion.  As  the  regiment  moved  out  from  camp  the  drum 
corps  played  vigorously  the  air  "The  girl  I  left  behind  me." 
At  noon  the  regiment  boarded  the  train  and  was  soon  on  its 
way  to  the  front.  Rappahannock  Station  was  reached  at  5 
o'clock  P.  M.  when  the  regiment  debarked  and  marched  to 
Beverly  Ford,  where  it  went  into  bivouac.  It  had  now  reached 
the  field  and  come  in  closer  touch  with  its  old,  war-tried  com- 
panions of  the  3d  Brigade. 


1 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      183 

[Chap.  XVI.  3d  Brigade  Reorganized  Spring,  1864] 


CHAPTER  XVI. 

THE  CAMPAIGN  OF  1864. 

Early  in  March,  1864,  Major  General  Grant  was  appointed 
Lieut.  General  under  an  Act  of  Congress  reviving  that  grade. 
Soon  afterwards  an  order  was  issued  placing  him  in  com- 
mand of  all  the  Union  Armies.  On  the  24th  day  of  March  he 
established  his  headquarters  at  Culpeper  C.  H.  with  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac.  Before  he  came  a  reorganization  of  the  army 
had  taken  place,  some  features  of  which  it  may  be  proper  to 
note.  The  ist  and  3d  Corps  were  broken  up  and  the  ist  and 
2d  Divisions  of  the  ist  Corps  were  assigned  to  the  5th  Corps, 
constituting  the  2d  Division,  the  former  2d  Division  having 
been  consolidated  into  a  single  brigade  and  thereafter  known 
as  the  ist  Brigade  of  the  ist  Division.  On  this  arrangement 
the  old  ist  Brigade  was  broken  up  and  the  regiments  compos- 
ing it  were  assigned  to  the  2d  and  3d  Brigades  of  the  same 
division.  Our  (3d)  Brigade,  before  starting  on  the  campaign 
of  1864,  was  composed  as  follows: 

Brig.  General  J.  J.  Bartlett  commanding, 

83d  Penn.,  Col.  O.  S.  Woodward. 

44th  N.  Y.,  Lieut.  Col.  Freeman  Conner. 

i6th  Mich.,  Major  R.  T.  ElHott. 

20th  Me.,  Col.  J.  L.  Chamberlain. 

ist  Mich.,  Lieut.  Col.  William  A.  Throop. 

1 8th  Mass.,  Lieut.  Col.  Joseph  Hayes. 

ii8th  Penn.,  Col.  James  Gwyn. 

The  last  three  regiments  had  heretofore  constituted  part 
of  the  ist  Brigade.  After  the  reorganization  the  Army  Corps 
were  numbered  and  commanded  as  follows : 

2d  Army  Corps,  Major  General  W.  S.  Hancock. 

5th  Army  Corps,  Major  General  G.  K.  Warren. 

6th  Army  Corps,  Major  General  J.  Sedgwick. 

After  his  arrival,  Lieut.  General  Grant  suggested  some  other 
changes,  but  none  affecting  the  infantry  organizations  of  the 
5th  Corps, 


i84       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XVI.  The  Wilderness.  May  s,  1864] 

Leaving  camp  at  Beverly  Ford  on  Sunday,  May  ist,  our 
brigade  crossed  the  Rappahannock  and  marched  to  within 
2  miles  of  Brandy  Station,  where  it  remained  until  the  3d.  On 
the  3d  it  moved  to  within  2  miles  of  Culpeper  C.  H.  While 
at  this  place  an  address  to  the  army  by  General  Meade  was 
promulgated.  In  it  General  Meade  paid  a  warm  tribute  to 
the  army  for  its  notable  record  in  the  past,  and  invoked  for 
it  a  like  devotion  for  the  important  work  yet  to  be  performed. 
At  II  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  the  3d  the  command  was  again 
put  in  motion.  The  footing  was  uncertain,  the  march  was 
slow  and  tedious.  The  Rapidan  was  reached  and  crossed  at 
Germanna  Ford  about  9  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  4th.  A 
halt  was  had  about  one  mile  from  the  river.  After  resting 
about  2  hours  the  march  was  continued.  Its  route  was  through 
a  vast,  impenetrable  wilderness,  illy  adapted  to  army  manoeu- 
vres. A  halt  for  the  night  was  made  at  5  o'clock  in  the  after- 
noon, at  Wilderness  Tavern.  Camp  was  aroused  at  an  early 
hour  on  the  5th  and  an  order  was  received  to  advance  at  5 
o'clock.  Before  moving  the  enemy  made  his  appearance  in 
our  front.  Line  of  battle  was  formed  preparatory  to  re- 
sisting an  attack.  The  enemy  did  not  attack  and  we  were 
ordered  to  advance.  The  6th  Corps  was  on  our  right,  the  5th 
Corps  in  the  center  and  the  2d  Corps  on  our  left  of  the  gen- 
eral line.  The  wooded  nature  of  the  country  was  such  that 
it  was  impossible  for  different  commands  to  cooperate.  The 
line  of  battle  of  the  enemy  was  also  in  the  woods,  within  easy 
range  and  almost  entirely  invisible.  Our  division  was  formed 
for  the  attack  in  the  following  order:  The  ist  Brigade  on  the 
right,  2d  Brigade  on  the  left,  and  our  3d  Brigade  in  the 
center.  The  Forty-Fourth,  unsupported,  was  on  the  right  of 
the  brigade  with  the  83d  Penn.  and  the  i8th  Mass.  respectively 
extending  the  line  toward  the  left.  The  20th  Me.  and  the 
1 18th  Penn.  were  placed  in  the  second  line  to  the  rear  of  the 
83d  Penn.  and  the  i8th  Mass.  About  2  o'clock  P.  M.  a  charge 
was  made  with  great  force  and  vociferous  shouts.  The  skir- 
mishers of  the  enemy  were  first  reached  and  dispersed,  the 
first  line  of  battle  was  broken  and  sent  in  retreat,  then  the  sec- 
ond line  of  battle  was  broken  and  forced  from  their  posi- 
tion in  great  confusion.  The  charging  column  had  carried  the 
center  of  the  enemy's  general  line.     Considerable  confusion 


HARRISON  KELLEY 

Was  a  member  of  Col.  Ellsworth's  U.  S.  Zouave  Cadets  in  Chi- 
cago and  at  the  time  they  made  their  memorable  tour  of  the  principal 
cities  of  the  country.  He  served  with  Battery  A,  Chicago  Light  Ar- 
tillery in  the  three  months'  service;  with  Battery  left  Chicago  for  the 
front  on  the  21st  day  of  April  1861,  being  the  first  troops  that  left  that 
city  for  the  War.  Enrolled  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  Vols.,  September,  1861. 
(See  Roster.)  Was  in  the  hands  of  the  enemy  as  a  prisoner  for  about 
sixty  days  after  the  seven  days'  battle,  in  front  of  Richmond.  Was 
wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredcrickslnirg  and  was  discharged  on  tender 
of  resignation  shortly  after  that  engagement. 


THE  KSW  YOI^K    ' 
PUBLIC  LIE.:. 'iRY 


ASTOR,  LEN( 
I  TILDEN  FOUNT.  ' 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      185 

[Chap.  ZVI.  Wilderness.  May  5,  1864 1 

among  our  troops  resulted  from  the  long,  impetuous  charge. 
It  became  necessary  to  halt  and  re-form.  The  charging  troops 
had  outdistanced  those  on  either  flank.  Their  great  suc- 
cess in  turn  became  their  immediate  danger.  The  enemy,  per- 
ceiving their  isolated  position,  attacked  them  in  front  and 
on  both  flanks  and  forced  them  to  make  a  hurried  retreat  to 
the  point  from  which  they  started.  Had  there  been  troops  at 
hand  to  take  advantage  of  the  breach  of  the  enemy's  line,  the 
result  of  the  first  day's  battle  might  have  been  materially 
changed.  Col.  Woodward  of  the  83d  Penn.,  Col.  Hayes  of 
the  i8th  Mass.  and  Col.  Gwyn  of  the  iiSth  Penn.  were  among 
the  wounded.  The  Forty-Fourth  lost  4  killed,  among  whom 
was  Capt.  Seth  F.  Johnson,  and  40  wounded,  among  whom  was 
First  Lieut.  Chas.  H.  Zielman.  Capt.  Johnson  was  one  of  the 
original  members  of  the  regiment.  He  entered  the  regiment 
as  a  private  and  by  his  meritorious  services  rose  to  the  rank 
of  Captain  in  command  of  a  Company.  He  was  a  great  fa- 
vorite with  the  regiment  and  his  death  was  a  material  loss  to 
the  service. 

Darkness  put  an  end  to  the  first  day's  battle.  Both  armies 
slept  on  their  arms  in  line  of  battle,  ready  to  renew  the  en- 
gagement. While  no  material  advantage  had  been  gained  in 
the  first  day's  fighting  in  the  Battle  of  the  Wilderness,  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  had  successfully  crossed  the  Rapidan 
River,  penetrated  the  dense  wilderness  bordering  on  its  South 
bank,  and  established  a  line  of  battle,  in  the  face  of  a  vigilant 
and  aggressive  enemy. 

At  4  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  6th,  our  troops  were 
quietly  awakened  and  moved  silently  to  the  front.  Orders  were 
received  that  the  enemy's  works  were  to  be  assaulted  at  ^  o'clock. 
The  6th  Corps  on  our  right  was  to  commence  the  assault  and 
when  it  became  actively  engaged  our  corps  was  to  advance 
to  the  attack  at  once.  We  waited  all  the  forenoon  in  anx- 
ious expectancy  but  did  not  attack.  Our  position  in  the 
mean  time  was  one  of  extreme  discomfort.  That  our  position 
might  be  concealed  as  much  as  possible  from  the  enemy  our 
troops  were  ordered  to  lie  upon  the  ground  and  remain  in- 
active. The  enemy's  skirmishers  and  sharp  shooters  kept 
busy  in  endeavoring  to  develop  our  position  and  strength.  Any 
one  who  assumed  a  perpendicular  position  was  sure  to  make 


i86       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

IChap.  XVI.  Waderness.  May  6,  1864] 

himself  a  target  for  the  enemy.  At  noon  the  order  to  attack 
was  countermanded.  After  the  order  to  attack  was  counter- 
manded, a  strong  skirmish  line  was  sent  out  and  in  a  meas- 
ure suppressed  the  fire  of  the  enemy.  In  the  afternoon  an 
attack  was  made  upon  the  2d  Corps,  which  resulted  in  no  per- 
manent advantage  to  the  enemy.  A  little  before  dark  an  assault 
was  made  upon  the  line  of  the  6th  corps,  in  which  some  of  the 
troops  of  that  corps  were  driven  from  their  position.  Darkness 
put  an  end  to  the  operations  at  that  point  and  the  next  morning 
the  position  was  regained.  During  the  attack  on  the  6th  corps 
the  fighting  appeared  to  be  working  more  and  more  toward  the 
rear  of  the  center,  causing  considerable  uneasiness  to  the  troops 
holding  that  part  of  the  line.  At  dark  the  center  was  drawn 
back  some  distance,  occupying  the  breast  works  thrown  up  in 
the  earlier  part  of  the  engagement.  This  was  the  general  sit- 
uation at  the  end  of  the  second  day.  The  army  had  lost  heavily. 
General  Grant  reported  that  our  casualties  would  not  probably 
exceed  12,000,  but  later  reports  placed  the  number  over  17,000. 
Our  loss  during  the  6th  was  one  killed,  five  wounded. 

About  daylight  on  the  morning  of  the  7th  the  enemy  made  a 
spirited  attack  on  our  center.  Artillery  had  been  advantageously 
posted  and  assisted  materially  in  sending  the  attacking  column 
in  hasty  retreat.  It  was  thought  that  the  object  of  the  attack 
was  to  discover  if  our  army  had  retreated  during  the  night.  In 
any  event,  they  found  we  were  still  in  the  field,  ready  for  bus- 
iness. The  center  of  the  line,  held  by  the  5th  corps,  was  not 
again  engaged  during  the  day.  General  Grant,  in  his  report, 
tersely  summed  up  the  situation  as  follows :  "The  result  of  the 
three  days'  fight  at  Old  Wilderness  was  decidedly  in  our  favor." 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      187 

[Chap.  XVn.  A  Flank  Movement.  May  7,  1864] 


CHAPTER  XVII. 
GRANT  MAKES  A  FLANK  MOVEMENT. 

LAUREL  HILL,  SPOTTSYLVANIA,  NORTH  ANNA,  BETHESDA  CHURCH. 

At  9  o'clock,  in  the  evening  of  May  7th,  the  5th  corps  silently 
left  its  position  in  line  and  noiselessly  moved  toward  the  left. 
It  was  the  first  of  a  series  of  flank  movements  instituted  by 
Grant  in  that  campaign,  which  distinguished  it  from  any  of  its 
former  campaigns.  The  night  was  dark,  the  movement  was 
slow  and  tedious,  and  the  men  were  much  fatigued  by  three 
days  fighting.  The  march  was  made  up  of  starts  and  stops  with 
intermittent  frequency.  Its  irregular,  dilatory  pace  was  well 
calculated  to  aggravate  weariness.  The  march,  which  began 
at  9  o'clock  on  the  evening  of  the  7th,  was  continued  without 
other  incident  until  about  8  o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  8th. 
The  route  taken  was  in  the  direction  of  Spottsylvania  C.  H. 
The  cavalry  that  led  the  advance  had  encountered  opposition 
which  they  could  not  overcome.  A  halt  was  made  for  about 
fifteen  minutes  to  let  the  cavalry  get  out  of  the  way.  The 
march  by  the  flank  was  then  resumed.  Many  troops  were 
passed  by  the  road  side.  It  was  afterward  found  that  the  Con- 
federate commander  had  anticipated  the  movement  of  our  army 
and  had  hastily  placed  some  of  his  troops  across  our  line  of 
march.  The  Confederates  were  posted  in  a  strong  position  in 
the  edge  of  a  piece  of  woods,  at  right  angles  to  the  road,  behind 
breast  works,  with  brush  and  trees  felled  in  front  of  that  part 
of  their  line  on  the  left  of  the  road.  The  position  had  been  held 
by  cavalry  until  a  short  time  before  the  arrival  of  our  troops, 
when  they  were  relieved  by  Kershaw's  division  of  Longstreet's 
corps  of  infantry.  The  engagement  was  known  as  the  Battle 
of  Laurel  Hill.  It  became  important  to  dislodge  the  enemy  to 
enable  our  army  to  proceed.  At  this  time  it  was  supposed  the  po- 
sition was  still  held  by  cavalry.  Lieut.  Col.  Connor  sent  Acting 
Adjutant  Munger  to  General  Bartlett  to  ask  if  the  men  might 
not  stack  knapsacks  before  advancing  to  the  attack.  General 
Bartlett  replied :    "No,  tell  Col.  Conner  there  is  no  force  in  our 


i88       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XVn.  Laurel  Hill,  Preliminary  to  Spottsylvania.  May  8,  1864] 

front  but  cavalry  and  to  march  right  up  the  road  by  fours." 
After  proceeding  some  distance  in  this  formation  we  came  to  an 
open  field  on  the  right  of  the  road,  which  gradually  ascended 
to  the  position  held  by  the  enemy.  On  reaching  the  open  field, 
about  8  or  9  o'clock  in  the  morning,  line  of  battle  was  formed 
with  the  left  of  the  83d  Penn.  and  the  right  of  the  Forty-Fourth 
resting  on  the  road.  While  these  regiments  were  executing 
this  formation  an  aide  of  General  Bartlett  rode  up  and  said: 
"Hurry  up,  or  you  won't  get  a  shot  at  them."  Weary  and  hun- 
gry, as  our  troops  were,  and  in  addition  encumbered  with  their 
knapsacks,  they  started  with  much  vim  on  that  up-hill  charge. 
The  distance  to  be  covered  was  between  one  fourth  and  one  half 
mile.  For  the  purpose  of  lending  encouragement  to  the  men, 
the  Adjutant  and  some  of  the  Company  commanders  led  in  the 
charge.  The  charge  of  the  two  regiments  was  witnessed  by 
many  prominent  officers  and  was  a  most  spirited  and  determined 
affair.  As  soon  as  our  troops  got  in  range  the  enemy  opened  a 
murderous  fire  of  musketry  and  artillery.  The  idea  that  the 
position  was  held  only  by  cavalry  was  soon  exploded.  The  83d 
Penn.  reached  and  vigorously  used  their  bayonets  across  the 
Confederate  works.  The  momentum  of  the  charge  of  the  For- 
ty-Fourth was  broken  by  coming  in  contact  with  logs  and  brush 
entanglements  about  three  or  four  rods  in  front  of  the  enemy's 
works.  The  firing  on  both  sides  was  brisk  and  at  short  range. 
The  proximity  of  the  enemy  was  such  that  Adjutant  Hunger 
used  his  revolver  with  telling  effect.  While  in  this  advanced 
position,  Corporal  Walworth  W.  Boynton  of  Company  D  re- 
ceived a  mortal  wound  in  his  head  and  fell  forward  against  the 
writer,  saturating  his  coat  with  his  blood.  There  were  no  troops 
on  the  right  of  the  83d  Penn.  and  no  troops  on  the  left  of  the 
Forty-Fourth.  There  appeared  to  have  been  miscalculation 
somewhere.  The  enemy,  taking  advantage  of  the  situation, 
dispatched  a  regiment  to  attack  the  left  flank  and  rear  of  the 
Forty-Fourth.  The  flanking  column  advanced  rapidly  with- 
out opposition  on  a  line  perpendicular  to  the  44th,  who,  being 
busily  engaged  with  the  enemy  in  front  failed  to  discover  the  at- 
tacking troops  until  they  had  gained  a  threatening  position.  The 
situation  of  the  two  regiments  at  once  became  critical.  It  be- 
came apparent  to  all  that  the  only  movement  by  which  the 
Forty-Fourth  could  be  saved  from  capture  or  destruction,  was 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      189 

[Chap.  XVn.  Lauiel  HiU.  May  8,  1864] 

to  break  to  the  rear  and  make  a  hasty  retreat.  The  line  quickly 
dissolved,  some  to  escape,  some  to  fall  and  some  to  be  cap- 
tured. From  front  and  flank  the  enemy  poured  a  murderous 
fire  into  our  retreating  troops.  During  the  engagement  Lieut. 
Col.  Conner  was  wounded  and  obliged  to  go  to  the  rear.  Major 
Knox  then  came  in  command.  Adj.  Munger,  Capt.  B.  R. 
Wood,  Lieut.  E.  Bennett  and  36  men  were  taken  prisoners. 

At  the  time  of  this  engagement  the  color  guard  had  been 
reduced  from  eight  members,  at  the  beginning  of  the  campaign, 
to  three  members.  Of  the  three  members  present  Corporal 
Burt  Inman  of  Company  H  was  wounded  and  private  John 
Mitchell  of  Company  F  was  killed,  leaving  only  Corporal 
George  W.  Wing  of  Company  C  with  the  colors.  Soon  after 
the  retreat  began  Corporal  Wing,  who  had  the  flag,  fell  ex- 
hausted to  the  ground.  In  retreating  the  writer  came  to  Corpo- 
ral Wing,  lying  upon  the  ground  with  the  colors  by  his  side, 
and  said  to  him  :  "Wing,  can  I  help  you  ?"  He  replied :  "No, 
don't  mind  me,  take  the  flag."  There  was  no  time  for  delibera- 
tion. The  flag  was  carried  a  short  distance  to  the  rear  and  used 
to  rally  the  regiment.  While  the  regiment  was  reforming. 
Major  Knox,  seated  on  the  ground  for  a  moment's  rest  by 
the  side  of  the  writer,  received  an  ugly  wound  in  the  head  from 
a  fragment  of  shell  which  burst  directly  over  the  two  men.  He 
was  carried  to  the  rear,  as  was  supposed  at  the  time,  fatally 
wounded.  The  only  field  officers  present  with  the  regiment  at 
the  commencement  of  the  engagement  had  now  been  wounded 
and  disabled  and  the  writer  assumed  command.  The  regiment 
promptly  rallied  on  the  colors  and  was  soon  re-formed  facing 
the  enemy.  A  feeling  prevailed  that  proper  foresight  had  not 
been  exercised  in  ordering  an  inadequate  force  to  make  the 
charge.  An  order  very  soon  came  that  the  regiment  be  taken  to 
the  rear  and  that  it  would  not  be  called  upon  to  perform  any  fur- 
ther duty  that  day.  The  rest  and  breakfast  were  quite  acceptable. 
Since  leaving  Culpeper  C.  H.  on  the  evening  of  the  3d  the  reg- 
iment had  marched  two  entire  nights,  been  engaged  in  battle 
three  days  and  during  the  intervening  nights  had  slept  on  their 
arms.  For  the  time  engaged  at  Laurel  Hill  the  loss  was  severe. 
According  to  the  report  of  Major  Kjiox,  dated  August  6,  1864, 
there  were  11  killed  and  mortally  wounded  and  44  wounded, 
among  whom  were  Lieut.  Col.  Conner,  Major  Knox,  Capt.  Fox 


iQo       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XVn.  New  Line  of  Battle.     Enemy's  Works  in  Plain  View.  May  8,  1864] 

and  Lieut.  Hoes.  There  were  3  officers  and  23  men  captured. 
The  3  officers  and  20  men  of  those  captured  were  recaptured  by 
Sheridan's  Cavalry  near  Beaver  Dam  Station  on  the  following 
day  and  rejoined  the  regiment  on  the  26th,  having  been  absent 
only  18  days.  An  interesting  account  of  the  capture  and  recap- 
ture is  contained  in  an  article  by  Acting  Adj.  Munger,  which 
may  be  found  in  the  appendix.  In  the  confusion  that  ensued 
in  retreating  from  the  close  proximity  to  the  enemy's  works 
there  occurred  an  act  of  inter-regimental  comity  that  is  worthy 
of  note.  The  color  bearer  of  the  83d  Penn.  was  wounded  and 
fell  upon  the  field,  having  in  his  possession  the  flag  of  his  regi- 
ment. A  member  of  the  Forty-Fourth  N.  Y.  luckily  came  along 
and  was  requested  by  the  color  bearer  to  take  the  flag  and  safely 
deliver  it  to  his  regiment.  The  request  was  faithfully  per- 
formed. This  circumstance  in  no  wise  reflected  on  the  honor 
of  the  color  bearer  nor  the  noble  regiment  to  which  he  belonged. 
It  is  regretted  that  the  names  of  the  soldiers,  who  participated 
in  this  gallant  affair,  and  a  more  definite  statement  of  the  trans- 
action, are  not  at  hand  to  embellish  this  narrative.  It  was  an- 
other of  those  incidents  that  occurred  during  the  war  which 
showed  the  friendship  and  mutual  confidence  that  existed  be- 
tween the  members  of  those  noble  regiments. 

The  regular  line  of  battle  was  formed  some  distance  to  the 
rear  of  the  place  where  the  Forty-Fourth  re-formed  and  Major 
Knox  was  wounded.  Our  regiment  remained  at  the  rear  in  re- 
serve all  day  during  the  9th  and  until  noon  on  the  loth,  when  it 
was  ordered  to  the  front  to  engage  in  a  general  assault  along 
our  whole  line.  The  enemy's  works  were  in  plain  view  and  ap- 
peared very  formidable.  Instructions  were  given  that  the  move- 
ment was  to  begin  on  the  right  and  to  be  taken  up  by  the  troops 
in  succession  toward  the  left.  The  3d  brigade  occupied  a  posi- 
tion in  line  next  to  the  left  of  the  regular  brigade  which  be- 
longed to  the  2d  division.  There  was  manifest  satisfaction 
among  the  troops  when  it  became  known  that  the  assaulting 
column  was  only  to  keep  abreast  with  the  regulars  on  our  right. 
The  volunteers  always  felt  equal  to  the  task  of  maintaining 
their  part  of  the  line  under  such  conditions.  The  line  was 
made  ready  for  the  charge,  the  route  to  be  traversed  leading  up 
to  the  works  of  the  enemy  was  carefully  scanned,  and  nothing 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      igi 

[Chap.  XVH.  Successful  Assault  by  and  Corps.  May  I3,  1864] 

was  left  but  to  await  the  unfolding  of  the  plan.  Eager  ears 
were  listening  to  hear  the  initiative  movement.  On  such  occa- 
sions the  mind  is  usually  active  in  endeavoring  to  anticipate 
what  the  outcome  will  be.  Anxious  moments  passed  but  no 
signal  came.  The  order  was  finally  countermanded  and  the 
mental  tension  that  had  prevailed  was  relaxed.  No  regrets  were 
expressed  when  it  became  known  that  the  movement  had  been 
abandoned,  as  there  was  considerable  uncertainty  as  to  what 
the  result  would  be. 

On  the  nth  the  regiment  relieved  the  i6th  Mich,  on  picket 
and  was  in  turn  relieved  at  3  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  12th 
and  took  position  further  to  the  right  in  works  vacated  by  the 
2d  Corps. 

During  the  night  of  the  nth  preparations  were  made  for  the 
2d  Corps  to  assault  an  angle  in  the  works  of  the  enemy  at  4 
o'clock  in  the  morning  of  the  12th.  The  movement  was  delayed 
one  half  hour  on  account  of  a  dense  fog  that  prevailed.  A 
heavy  rain  storm  afforded  material  aid  in  concealing  the  pre- 
paratory movements  of  the  troops.  At  4  o'clock  the  order  to 
advance  was  given.  It  was  at  the  first  approach  of  dawn  when 
the  watchfulness  of  pickets  is  presumed  to  be  somewhat  re- 
laxed. The  assault  was  bold  and  irresistible.  The  assaulting 
column  followed  close  on  the  heels  of  the  retreating  skirmishers 
and  on  reaching  the  enemy's  first  line  of  breast  works  a  most 
murderous  contest  ensued,  in  which  bayonets  and  clubbed  mus- 
kets were  freely  used.  The  result  was  most  creditable  to  our 
troops  which  were  engaged.  There  were  captured  20  pieces  of 
artillery,  30  colors  and  4,000  prisoners,  including  one  Major 
General  and  one  Brigadier  General.  At  5  o'clock  on  the  after- 
noon of  the  1 2th  our  brigade  marched  to  the  rear  and  in  support 
of  the  2d  Corps,  which  was  engaged  in  holding  the  captured 
works.  The  enemy  made  repeated  assaults  during  the  entire 
day  and  night  in  endeavoring  to  recapture  the  works  which 
they  had  lost.  In  the  end  they  were  obliged  to  abandon  the 
attempt  and  fell  back  to  their  second  line  of  works.  At  2  o'clock 
A.  M.  on  the  13th  our  brigade  again  returned  to  its  position  to 
the  right  of  the  Pine  Grove  road.  On  this  day  General  Meade 
issued  the  following  order  which  was  read  to  the  troops : 


192       44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XVn.  Advance  toward  Spottsylvania.  May  13,  1864] 

Headquarters  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
May  13th,  1863. 
Circular. 

Soldiers :  The  moment  has  arrived  when  your  commanding  general 
feels  authorized  to  address  you  in  terms  of  congratulation.  For  eight 
days  and  nights,  almost  without  intermission,  in  rain  and  sunshine,  you 
have  been  gallantly  fighting  a  desperate  foe,  in  positions  naturally  strong, 
and  rendered  doubly  more  so  by  intrenchments ;  you  have  compelled  him 
to  abandon  his  fortifications  on  the  Rapidan,  to  retire  and  attempt  to 
stop  your  onward  progress,  and  now  he  has  abandoned  the  last  in- 
trenched position,  tenaciously  held,  suffering  in  all  a  loss  of  18  guns, 
22  colors  and  8,000  prisoners,  including  2  general  officers.  Your  heroic 
deeds  and  noble  endurance  of  fatigue  and  privations  will  ever  be  mem- 
orable. Let  us  return  thanks  to  God  for  the  mercy  thus  shown  us,  and 
ask  earnestly  for  its  continuance. 

Soldiers,  your  work  is  not  over,  the  enemy  must  be  pursued,  and,  if 
possible,  overcome.  The  courage  and  fortitude  you  have  displayed 
render  your  commanding  general  confident  your  future  efforts  will  result 
in  success.  While  we  mourn  the  loss  of  many  gallant  comrades,  let  us 
remember  the  enemy  must  have  suffered  equal,  if  not  greater,  losses. 
We  shall  soon  receive  reinforcements  which  he  can  not  expect.  Let  us 
determine  then  to  continue  vigorously  the  work  so  well  begun,  and, 
under  God's  blessing,  in  a  short  time,  the  object  of  our  labors  will  be 
accomplished. 

George  G.  Meade, 
Major  General  Commanding. 

At  9  o'clock  P.  M.  we  received  orders  and  took  up  our  line 
of  march  in  the  direction  of  Spottsylvania  C.  H.  The  weather 
was  rainy,  the  roads  were  very  muddy  and  an  impenetrable 
darkness  added  to  the  gloom.  This  march  was  difficult  and  try- 
ing. A  point  near  Spottsylvania  C.  H.  was  reached  some  time 
after  daylight  of  the  14th.  The  enemy  had  anticipated  our 
movement  and  occupied  the  town  before  our  arrival.  A  line  of 
skirmishers  was  thrown  out,  line  of  battle  was  formed  and 
breastworks  were  thrown  up.  This  position  was  occupied  until 
the  17th  when  a  new  position,  about  one  mile  to  the  front  and 
left  was  taken  up,  and  earthworks  were  erected.  Our  skirmish- 
ers and  artillery  were  hotly  engaged.  The  latter  were  posted 
on  higher  ground  to  the  rear  of  our  infantry  and  fired  over  their 
heads.  Capt.  Campbell  Allen  returned  on  the  i8th  and  being 
the  ranking  officer  assumed  command  of  the  regiment.  Our 
position  was  not  changed  until  the  21st.  During  the  time 
watchfulness  and  constant  preparedness  were  kept  up,  with 
sufficient  skirmishing  to  keep  the  troops  on  the  alert.    On  the 


JAMES   H.    KELLY. 

Enlisted  October  21,  1861,  Co.  I,  44th  N.  Y.  V.  Detailed  January 
nth,  Signal  Service,  Camp  Instruction,  Georgetown,  D.  C. ;  Alarcli. 
1862,  to  Military  Division  of  the  West;  April  ist.  Gen.  Halleck's 
H"d  Qrs.,  St.  Louis;  April  6th,  Gen.  Grant  at  Pittsburg  Landing; 
Camp  Instruction,  two  months  Paducah.  Kv. ;  June  6th,  with  Fleet  on 
Mississippi  River,  at  Memphis  and  White  River;  at  St.  Charles,  Ark., 
on  ill-fated  "Mound  City"  at  Battle  St.  Charles.  June  17th;  at  Mem- 
phis, Columbus,  Ky.,  Cincinnati  and  Louisville ;  pursuit  of  Bragg  by 
Gen.  Buell ;  early  winter  1862  at  Nashville ;  with  Rosencrans  in  his 
Tennessee  Campaign,  and  over  the  mountains  signaling  night  and  day; 
besieged  in  Chattanooga,  occupied  the  Signal  Station  at  Moccasin 
Point;  Relief  of  Burnside  at  Knoxville;  January  14,  1864.  transferred 
to  signal  corps  U.  S.  A.,  promoted  to  Sergeant  in  February,  1864;  re- 
enlisted  for  the  War  in  February,  1864;  Atlanta  Campaign  with  Sher- 
man and  Thomas  in  East  Tennessee  when  Lee  surrendered ;  Military 
Division  of  Gulf  in  1865  and  1866;  discharged  March  8,  1866,  at  Aus- 
tin, Texas.  Battles  :  Pittsburg  Landing,  St.  Charles.  Perryville,  Stone 
River,  Tullahoma  .Chickamauga.  Chattanooga.  Lookout  Mountain,  Mis- 
sion Ridge.   Atlanta   Campaign.   Jonesboro. 


THE  K^'vV  YORK 
PUBLIC  LIE':  \R^ 


ASTOR,  LENOX 
ITILDEN  FOUNDATIONS^ 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      193 

[Chap.  XVn.  Effective  Artillery  Practice.  May  32,  1864] 

morning  of  the  21st  our  brigade  left  its  position  in  close  prox- 
imity to  the  enemy  and  unceremoniously  marched  to  the  rear. 
The  enemy  at  once  dispatched  a  strong  picket  line  in  pursuit. 
About  one  mile  to  the  rear  the  enemy's  skirmishers  came  in 
contact  with  a  line  of  6th  corps  troops,  which  promptly  opened 
fire  on  them  and  sent  them  in  hasty  retreat.  Our  line  of  march 
was  through  a  place  known  as  Guiney's  Station  on  the  line  of 
the  Richmond  and  Fredericksburg  Railroad.  It  was  another 
of  those  forced  marches,  demanded  by  the  strategy  of  the  cam- 
paign and  continued  until  11  o'clock  P.  M.  before  halting  for 
the  night.  The  march  was  resumed  bright  and  early  on  the 
morning  of  the  22d.  During  the  day  there  was  considerable 
skirmishing  with  the  enemy.  In  the  afternoon  the  resistance 
was  so  strong  that  it  became  necessary  to  advance  in  line  of 
battle.  The  route  was  along  and  near  a  highway.  When  the 
right  of  the  regiment  reached  a  point  opposite  an  elevated  po- 
sition, partially  secluded  by  woods,  a  battery  of  the  enemy  un- 
expectedly opened  fire.  The  first  shot  mortally  wounded  James 
Gillin  of  Company  F  and  wounded  Thomas  McDougal  of  Com- 
pany A,  Edward  Bennett  and  Amenzo  Moyer  of  Company  F 
and  Sergt.  W.  W.  Johnson  of  Company  H.  There  were  other 
narrow  escapes.  It  is  seldom  that  a  single  first  shot  will  cause 
so  much  disaster.  General  Griffin  was  near  and  personally 
placed  the  5th  U.  S.  Battery,  gave  instructions  as  to  the  kind  of 
shell  to  use,  and  stimulated  activity  by  loudly  proclaiming: 
"Give  them  Hell,"  which  is  another  name  for  war.  A  few  well- 
directed  shots  soon  set  the  Confederates  flying  to  the  rear. 

The  advance  was  continued  until  dark.  At  the  close  of  the 
day  the  Forty-Fourth  halted,  threw  out  pickets  and  bivouacked 
in  line.  During  the  night  a  flock  of  sheep  innocently  wandered 
near  our  camp.  The  next  morning  all  that  was  left  of  that 
flock  of  sheep  was  a  pile  of  pelts  and  refuse.  When  General 
Bartlett  came  riding  up  he  discovered  the  evidences  of  slaugh- 
ter and  said:  "If  sheep  attack  you,  you  are  obliged  to  fight." 
The  reply  was  made :  "that  it  was  the  most  decisive  victory  since 
the  beginning  of  the  campaign." 

On  Monday,  the  23d,  march  was  resumed  at  9  o'clock  A.  M., 
the  North  Anna  River  was  reached  and  crossed  at  Jericho 
Ford  at  2  o'clock  P.  M.  The  2d  brigade  forded  the  river,  fol- 
lowed closely  by  our  brigade.   The  approaches  on  either  side 


194       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XVn.  North  Anna.  May  24, 1864] 

were  narrow  and  the  banks  abrupt,  making  the  crossing-  quite 
slow.  After  the  crossing  began  it  became  necessary  to  make  as 
much  haste  as  possible.  A  pontoon  bridge  was  laid  without  de- 
lay to  facilitate  the  crossing  of  our  troops.  The  enemy  made  all 
possible  dispatch  to  check  and  drive  back  our  advance  troops  be- 
fore a  permanent  footing  could  be  made  upon  the  south  side  of 
the  river.  To  that  end  the  2d  brigade,  which  took  the  advance  in 
crossing  late  in  the  afternoon  was  furiously  assailed  by  an  over- 
whelming force.  Our  brigade  was  divided,  part  was  hurried 
to  prolong  and  protect  each  flank  of  the  2d  brigade.  All  move- 
ments were  rapidly  made  and  brisk  fighting  continued  until 
dark.  The  enemy  evidently  intended  to  drive  our  advance 
troops  back  to  and  into  the  river.  The  suddenness  of  the  attack 
found  non-combatants  along  with  their  several  commands.  But 
few  men  will  remain  on  the  firing  line  unless  duty  requires  it. 
When  the  attack  opened  non-combatants  did  not  stand  upon  the 
order  of  going  but  severally  and  unceremoniously  took  their 
departure  across  the  open  plains  to  the  river.  Their  hegira  to 
the  rear  looked  like  a  stampede  of  a  material  part  of  our  forces. 
The  enemy  were  finally  baffled  in  their  attempt  to  drive  our 
troops  into  the  river.  They  were  themselves  driven  back  and 
fortifications  thrown  up.  Their  expected  attack  on  the  morn- 
ing of  the  24th  did  not  materialize.  A  reconnoissance  de- 
veloped the  fact  that  the  enemy  had  taken  up  a  new  position, 
several  miles  to  the  rear,  at  Noel's  Station  on  the  line  of  the  Va. 
Central  Railroad.  They  evidently  preferred  to  take  position, 
entrench  and  let  us  attack.  When  available  that  kind  of  strat- 
egy is  preferable.  Late  in  the  afternoon  our  troops  advanced  in 
force.  After  proceeding  less  than  one  mile  a  heavy  wind  and 
rain  storm  set  in  and  a  halt  for  the  night  was  ordered. 

At  7  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  25th,  the  advance  was 
continued,  the  enemy's  position  was  developed,  our  own  line 
formed  in  close  proximity  and  breastworks  were  thrown  up. 
The  skirmishing  was  spiteful  and  continuous.  Between  the 
armies  was  a  broad  open  field  well  adapted  to  troops  acting  on 
the  defensive,  behind  breastworks.  During  the  day  the  Forty- 
fourth  was  held  in  reserve  in  the  woods.  After  dark  it  was  or- 
dered to  deploy  and  advance  between  the  lines  and  perform 
picket  duty,  while  the  20th  Me.  threw  up  new  works  further  to 
the  front.    Having  been  in  reserve  during  the  day,  the  topog- 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      195 

[Chap.  XVn.  Recaptured  Prisoners  Return  to  Regiment.  May  26,  1864] 

raphy  of  the  country  and  the  exact  location  of  the  Confederate 
troops  were  unknown.  A  deployed  line,  darkness  and  an  in- 
definite knowledge  of  the  field  all  contributed  to  the  complexity 
of  the  movement.  The  two  wings  of  the  regiment  were  sepa- 
rated by  a  cut  in  the  Va.  Central  railroad,  which  added  to  the 
difficulty.  It  became  necessary  to  go  from  man  to  man  in  order 
to  correct  the  alignment.  When  the  line  was  formed  the  20th 
Me.  advanced  and  in  the  darkness  silently  prosecuted  the  work 
of  constructing  a  new  line  of  breastworks.  Just  before  day- 
light the  Forty-fourth  was  ordered  back  into  the  new  works, 
where  it  remained  until  later  in  the  day,  when  it  was  relieved. 
As  the  field  to  the  rear  of  the  new  works  was  in  plain  sight  and 
within  reach  of  the  enemy's  musketry  each  man  was  instructed 
to  pick  his  own  route  in  passing  to  the  rear.  There  were  many 
narrow  escapes  but  it  is  not  recalled  that  there  were  any  casual- 
ties. On  the  26th  Adjutant  Munger,  Capt.  Wood,  Lieut.  Ben- 
nett and  20  men  reached  the  regiment  and  reported  for  duty. 
They  had  been  taken  prisoners  on  the  8th  and  recaptured  by 
General  Sheridan  on  the  9th.  They  received  a  most  hearty  wel- 
come on  their  arrival.  Their  numbers  and  quality  afiforded  an 
appreciable  increase  in  the  fighting  strength  of  the  regiment. 
About  9  o'clock  in  the  evening  the  5th  corps  left  its  position  in 
front  of  the  enemy,  recrossed  the  North  Anna  River,  halted 
two  hours  to  draw  rations,  then  continued  the  march  until  sun- 
down on  the  27th,  when  it  halted  for  the  night  at  Mangohick, 
about  8  miles  from  the  Pamunkey  River,  having  marched  35 
miles  since  the  start  was  made.  The  weather  was  extremely 
hot  on  the  27th,  the  men  had  no  opportunity  to  sleep  for  two 
nights  and  the  duty  exacted  was  all  that  human  nature  could 
endure.  In  the  heat  of  the  day,  while  McKivitt  was  sweating 
at  every  pore  and  doing  his  best  to  keep  up,  he  was  discovered 
to  have  swung  over  his  shoulder,  a  single  piece  of  shelter  tent, 
compactly  rolled  and  tied  and  when  asked  if  that  was  all  the 
baggage  he  carried,  he  replied :  "Yes,  and  I  only  carry  that  for 
the  sake  of  a  load  as  I  don't  get  a  chance  to  use  it  any." 

The  camp  was  aroused  at  4  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the 
28th  and  march  was  resumed  at  5  o'clock.  The  Pamunkey 
River  was  reached  and  crossed  at  Hanover  Town  during  the 
forenoon.  After  crossing  the  river  the  march  was  continued 
about  two  miles,  when  a  halt  was  ordered  and  earthworks 


196       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XVn.  Totopotomojr.  May  29,  1864] 

thrown  up.  This  precaution  was  taken  in  order  to  hold  the 
crossing  for  the  rest  of  the  army.  The  remainder  of  the  army 
crossed  during  the  day  and  formed  line  of  battle. 

March  was  resumed  at  an  early  hour  on  the  morning  of  the 
29th.  Considerable  skirmishing  took  place  during  the  day. 
Land  generally  becomes  more  valuable  and  for  different  pur- 
poses on  the  approach  to  an  important  city.  The  enemy  from 
day  to  day  became  more  and  more  reluctant  to  concede  right  of 
way  as  the  Confederate  Capital  was  approached.  A  halt  for 
the  night  was  made  at  Totopotomoy  Creek  about  9  P.  M. 

The  regiment  broke  camp  about  11  o'clock  on  the  30th  and 
advanced.  The  enemy  utilized  every  opportunity  to  delay, 
harass  and  inflict  loss  upon  our  troops.  They  abandoned  ter- 
ritory in  the  direction  of  Richmond  only  when  compelled  to  do 
so.  Our  advance  was  almost  continually  engaged  with  the 
enemy.  In  the  afternoon  our  troops  were  advancing  on  dif- 
ferent roads.  It  became  necessary  to  halt  and  give  attention 
to  skirmishers  and  sharpshooters  operating  between  the  heads 
of  advancing  lines.  For  this  purpose  the  Forty-fourth  was 
ordered  to  take  a  certain  position  to  the  left  of  the  road  on 
which  it  was  advancing.  The  position  was  taken  and  slight 
breastworks  were  hastily  thrown  up.  A  little  time  intervened  in 
which  brisk  skirmishing  was  carried  on,  when  an  order  was 
received  to  change  positions.  While  in  the  act  of  executing  this 
change  of  position  the  writer,  who  had  been  acting  in  the  capac- 
ity of  second  in  command  of  the  regiment  since  the  return  of 
Capt.  Allen  and  who  was  standing  in  front  of  the  regiment, 
was  wounded.  This  ended  his  active  service  in  the  army.  The 
operations  of  the  thirtieth  of  May  are  known  as  the  Battle  of 
Bethseda  Church,  Va.  The  narrative  of  the  remainder  of  the 
term  of  service  of  the  regiment  is  faithfully  told  in  the  next 
chapter  by  Capt.  Orett  L.  Munger. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      197 


CHAPTER  XVIII. 

FROM    MAY  3OTH   TO  EXPIRATION   OF  TERM. 

By  Capt.  Orett  L.  Munger. 

From  the  battlefield  of  May  30,  1864,  at  Bethesda  Church, 
Va.,  until  the  departure  of  the  men  and  officers  of  the  regiment 
whose  terms  of  service  had  expired;  and  until  the  44th  Bat- 
talion, made  up  of  the  men  that  remained,  had  ceased  to  exist 
by  reason  of  the  transfer  of  its  enlisted  men  to  other  regiments, 
— the  area  fought  over  was  very  limited,  not  exceeding  prob- 
ably forty  miles  north  and  south  and  a  much  less  distance  east 
and  west.  Here  severe  battles  were  fought,  with  that  intermit- 
tence  of  victory  and  defeat  which  always  claims  a  place  in  great 
campaigns,  but  with  much  less  comparative  disaster  to  the 
Union  army  than  to  its  foes. 

In  this  small  territory  the  Forty-fourth  under  the  varied 
command  of  Capt.  Campbell  Allen  to  July  17th,  Major  Edward 
B.  Knox  to  August  14th,  Lieut.  Col.  Freeman  Conner  to  Sept. 
23d,  and  Capt.  Bradford  R.  Wood  to  Oct.  13,  1864,  saw  a  little 
more  than  four  months'  strenuous  service.  Practically  all  of  it 
might  be  properly  included  in  the  general  designation — Siege  of 
Petersburg — since  the  frequent  changes  in  location,  and  efforts 
for  better  position  which  involved  battles  and  losses,  were  all 
subordinate  to  the  great  purpose  to  get  possession  of  the  strong- 
hold which  was  the  main  defense  of  Richmond  from  the  south, 
and,  that  attained,  to  capture  the  capital  city  of  the  Confederacy 
and  the  army  of  General  Lee  which  had  so  heroically  defended 
it. 

Those  now  living  who  were  with  the  regiment  during  these 
months  will  not  forget  the  exhausting  nature  of  the  service 
the  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  called  upon  for  and  gave  un- 
grudgingly. There  were  long  days  and  weeks  of  enforced  in- 
activity behind  breastworks,  in  trenches  and  bomb-proofs.  At 
times  the  works  of  the  contending  forces  were  so  close  to  each 
other  that  to  show  one's  head  was  to  invite  the  attention  of 
some  willing  sharp-shooter  waiting  for  a  shot.     Despite  re- 


198       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XVm.  May  30  to  Sept.  23d.  1864] 

peated  cautions  and  the  knowledge  of  danger,  vigilance  would 
sometimes  be  relaxed  and  some  good  soldier  be  killed  or 
wounded. 

The  want  of  physical  exercise,  the  use  of  impure  water,  the 
lack  of  variety  in  food,  and  the  great  difficulty  of  sanitary 
police  service  to  keep  camp  and  quarters  clean  and  wholesome, 
made  this  period  a  very  trying  one.  For  a  while  a  multitude 
of  flies  armed  with  stings,  possessed  of  voracious  appetites,  and 
with  a  persistence  that  never  failed,  constituted  an  unescapable 
discomfort.  During  certain  hours  of  the  day  and  atmospheric 
conditions  of  heat  and  moisture  that  prevailed  a  large  part  of 
the  time,  it  was  a  skilful  man  who  could  transfer  from  fork 
or  spoon  to  his  mouth  a  morsel  of  food  and  escape  a  contest 
with  these  pests.  "Necessity  is  the  mother  of  invention"  and 
it  was  soon  learned  that  by  using  knife  as  scraper  in  one  hand, 
while  fork  with  the  food  in  the  other  approached  the  partly 
opened  mouth,  it  was  possible  by  quick  action  to  circumvent  the 
robbers.  These  conditions  were  impressed  upon  the  writer  by 
reason  of  the  fact  that  he  was  one  of  the  victims  of  a  disorder 
that  grew  to  be  common  in  trench  life,  and  which  resulted  in 
the  death  of  a  number  of  the  men.  Six  weeks  were  required 
in  hospitals,  and  at  home  convalescing,  to  regain  strength  for 
return  to  further  service.  During  this  absence  the  affair  of 
the  Weldon  railroad,  where  the  Forty-fourth  lost  four  men 
captured,  was  an  important  interruption  to  the  usual  routine. 

After  the  operations  about  Petersburg  had  settled  into  a 
siege,  there  was  some  relief  from  inactivity,  by  the  building 
of  military  roads  back  of  the  line  of  trenches,  by  means  of 
which  supplies  could  be  brought  to  the  front  with  the  minimum 
of  risk  to  driver  and  team.  Embankments  so  high  as  to  screen 
wagon  trains,  or  bodies  of  marching  soldiers,  from  the  enemy's 
view,  proved  of  great  value. 

During  the  four  months  under  consideration,  the  Forty- 
fourth  was  not  called  to  suffer  any  such  serious  losses  as  in  the 
Wilderness  and  at  Laurel  Hill,  but  in  several  minor  engage- 
ments had  its  part,  and  frequent  casualties,  week  after  week, 
show  that  it  was  under  fire  a  great  part  of  the  time. 

In  what  follows  an  attempt  will  be  made  to  narrate  some 
of  the  movements  and  incidents  of  the  period  under  consider- 
ation, in  which  the  Forty- fourth  was  interested. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      199 

[Chap.  XVm.  Bethesda  Church,  Cold  Harbor.  June  3,  1864] 

Numbers  do  not  always  measure  the  extent  of  battle  loss. 
On  May  30,  1864,  when  this  narrative  begins,  and  while  but 
few  of  the  Forty-fourth  are  reported  hit  at  the  battle  of 
Bethesda  Church  that  day,  the  unfortunate  accuracy  of  some 
rebel  soldier  deprived  the  regiment  during  the  remainder  of 
its  service  of  one  of  its  officers  whose  kindly  heart,  good  judg- 
ment, bravery,  and  steadiness  in  trying  places,  had  won  the  re- 
spect and  love  of  men  and  officers  alike.  The  wounding  of  Capt. 
Nash  was  a  grief  to  the  regiment. 

Sent  out  as  brigade  picket  on  the  evening  of  May  30th,  the 
regiment  was  relieved  the  following  noon  by  the  2d  N.  Y. 
Mounted  Rifles,  and  remained  under  cover  of  the  woods  during 
the  rest  of  the  day. 

Cold  Harbor.  About  3  P.  M.,  June  ist,  the  regiment  oc- 
cupies a  position  advanced  a  half  mile,  gained  during  the  day 
by  skirmishers  at  a  cost  of  three  wounded  men.  By  vigorous 
use  of  bayonets,  knives,  sticks,  tin  plates  and  cups,  a  line  of 
breastworks  soon  protected  the  men  from  rebel  fire  and  were 
rapidly  made  stronger.  This  simple  defense  was  soon  to  show 
its  value,  for  about  sundown  the  enemy  advanced,  drove  in  the 
skirmish  line,  and  then  attempted  to  dislodge  our  line  of  battle. 
Repulsed  by  the  brisk  fire  encountered,  the  enemy  retired  with 
a  considerable  loss  to  them  in  killed  and  wounded.  Our  losses 
were  one  killed  and  five  wounded.  Anticipating  another  at- 
tack, the  Forty-fourth  had  only  intermittent  rest  that  night, 
one-half  being  on  duty  while  the  other  half  caught  such  snatches 
of  sleep  as  were  possible,  until  its  turn  came  to  watch. 

June  2d  our  pickets  resume  advanced  position,  the  enemy 
having  retired.  About  four  P.  M.  our  battle  line  is  withdrawn 
from  the  extreme  front,  a  movement  soon  discovered  by  the 
rebels,  who  drive  in  our  pickets  but  stop  short  of  an  attack  on 
the  new  line.  Burnside  on  our  right  had  severe  battle  and 
handsomely  repulsed  the  enemy.  Only  one  of  our  men 
wounded  today. 

June  3d.  Roused  at  break  of  day,  the  men  make  coffee  and 
try  to  dry  clothing.  Before  sunrise,  Burnside,  on  our  right,  ad- 
vances and  after  a  hard  fight  is  successful  in  securing  advanced 
position.  Battery  fire  intended  for  his  column  kills  one  of  our 
men  and  wounds  three.  Ordered  to  swing  around  our  right 
to  connect  with  Burnside's  advanced  left,  the  Forty-fourth 


200       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XVm.  More  Flanking,  Cross  James  River.  June  i6, 1864] 

helped  drive  the  skirmishers  of  the  enemy  and  succeeded  in 
establishing  its  own  near  the  rebel  battery,  so  that  horses  were 
nearly  all  killed  and  gunners  unable  to  work  their  pieces  or  draw 
them  off.  Breastworks  were  hastily  constructed  under  heavy 
picket  fire.  These  operations  cost  the  Forty-fourth  one  officer, 
Capt.  B.  K.  Kimberly,  wounded,  four  enlisted  men  killed  and 
thirteen  wounded.  During  the  advance,  before  the  enemy's 
guns  had  been  silenced,  the  writer  was  for  a  moment  staggered, 
but  not  thrown,  by  a  ball  from  an  exploding  canister  shot,  which 
made  only  a  bruise. 

The  contests  of  the  first  days  of  June,  in  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac  are  usually  grouped  under  the  general  head :  Battle  of 
Cold  Harbor.  On  some  parts  of  the  army  front,  the  struggles 
were  fierce  and  losses  enormous  on  the  Union  side,  so  that 
whatever  gains  were  made  were  exceedingly  costly.  It  was  not 
the  fortune  of  the  Forty-fourth  to  have  part  in  the  fiercest  of 
these  struggles. 

June  5th  was  a  rainy  day  and  the  picket  lines  of  the  two 
armies  were  close  neighbors,  but  partially  screened  by  trees 
and  undergrowth.  This  proximity  made  watchfulness  nec- 
essary and  yet  a  rebel  soldier  was  clever  enough  to  penetrate 
our  line  undiscovered.  Clad  in  a  rain  coat  that  covered  him 
from  shoulder  to  ankle,  he  passed  easily  for  a  Union  soldier, 
and  getting  into  conversation  with  one  of  our  pickets  soon  had 
him  "off  guard,"  and,  watching  his  opportunity  for  escape,  suc- 
ceeded in  getting  away  with  him  as  prisoner.  The  withdrawal 
of  the  5th  Corps  at  night,  in  pursuance  of  Gen.  Grant's  flank- 
ing program,  was  successfully  executed.  The  Forty-fourth, 
full  of  attentive  and  deep  interest,  remained  as  picket  in  front 
of  the  abandoned  line  till  long  after  midnight.  When,  in  the 
early  morning,  the  regiment  had  reached  its  place  in  the  column, 
the  march  was  continued  as  rapidly  as  the  crowded  condition 
of  the  roads  would  permit.  On  June  7th  the  Forty- fourth  goes 
into  camp  near  Bottom's  Bridge.  On  the  13th  the  Chicka- 
hominy  is  crossed  and  camp  is  made  the  following  day  at 
Charles  City  Courthouse.  On  June  15th  camp  is  made  near 
James  River,  which  we  cross  on  the  i6th  at  Wilcox  Ferry  and 
march  in  the  direction  of  Petersburg.  Here  the  cheering  news 
comes  of  the  success  of  a  Division  of  Negro  troops  which 


WILLIAM    KIDD. 

Joined  the  regiment  just  after  the  battle  of  Antietam  and  served 
until  after  "Burnside's  AInd  March."  Resigned  upon  receiving  a 
letter  from  General  John  T.  Sprague,  Adjutant-General  of  State  of 
N.  Y.,  promising  him  a  commission  as  Major  in  the  "Sprague  Light 
Cavalry,"  then  organizing.  This  organization  was  never  completed. 
He  was  appointed  Military  Secretary  to  Governor  Horatio  Seymour 
with  rank  of  Major  and  served  as  such  until  the  end  of  the  war. 


THE 


PUBLIC  Lib 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      201 

[Chap.  XVm.  Col.  Chamberlain  Wounded.  June  i8, 1864] 

showed  its  good  mettle  by  successful  assaults  on  the  works  be- 
fore them,  a  part  of  which  were  taken  and  held. 

Records  show  that  from  the  crossing  of  the  Rapidan  May 
4th  until  the  arrival  of  the  army  before  Petersburg,  the  Union 
losses  reached  a  total  of  nearly  55,000  men.  About  12,000 
had  been  the  contribution  of  the  5th  Corps  and  of  this  num- 
ber the  Forty-fourth  gave  its  full  proportionate  share. 

In  the  general  assault  of  June  18,  1864,  in  which  by  Gen- 
eral Meade's  orders,  the  2d,  5th  and  9th  Corps  were  to  co- 
operate, our  division,  under  General  Griffin,  constituted  the  re- 
serve. Beginning  early  in  the  morning,  repeated  assaults 
were  made  which  met  with  important  successes,  but  less  than 
had  been  hoped  for,  and  at  very  great  cost. 

During  one  of  these  attempts  on  the  enemy's  works,  Col. 
Joshua  L.  Chamberlain,  of  the  20th  Me.,  commanding  the 
1st  Brigade,  received  a  severe  and  apparently  fatal  wound. 
Held  in  high  esteem,  extraordinary  efforts  were  made  by  a 
number  of  surgeons  to  save  his  life.  His  proper  treatment  at 
the  time  and  his  recovery  later,  constitute  a  high  testimonial  to 
the  skill  and  devotion  to  duty,  of  our  own  much  esteemed  sur- 
geon— M.  W.  Townsend — ,  who,  after  many  efforts,  assisted 
by  other  surgeons,  to  do  a  particularly  difficult  bit  of  surgery 
and  the  abandonment  of  the  effort  as  useless  and  only  dis- 
tressing to  the  patient,  turned  back  again  for  still  another  ef- 
fort. This  time  good  fortune  rewarded  intelligent  persistence, 
severed  parts  were  artificially  connected,  and  to  the  great 
joy  of  patient  and  surgeon,  there  was  a  possibility  of  recovery. 
Col.  Chamberlain's  gallant  leadership  on  this  occasion,  added 
to  previous  excellent  record,  impelled  General  Grant  to  promote 
him,  on  the  field,  to  be  a  Brigadier  General,  an  action  said  to 
have  had  no  precedent. 

The  Forty-fourth  was  not  called  into  severe  battle,  though 
skirmishing  and  advancing  somewhat  with  the  brigade,  but 
at  night  was  placed  in  the  front  line  within  short  musket  range 
of  the  enemy's  breastworks.  Need  of  self -protection  encour- 
aged the  tired  men  to  work  hard  and  fast  in  the  construction  of 
breastworks  that  would  minimize  the  danger  to  be  encountered 
as  soon  as  morning  light  divulged  our  nearness  to  the  watch- 
ful enemy. 


202       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

IChap.  XVni.  Mortar  Practice.  June  19, 1864I 

The  operations  of  the  three  days,  June  i6th,  17th  and 
i8th,  had  so  fully  demonstrated  the  strength  of  the  enemy's 
position,  that  General  Grant,  in  a  communication  to  General 
Meade,  said : 

"Now  we  will  rest  the  men  and  use  the  spade  for  their  protection 
until  a  new  plan  can  be  struck." 

In  pursuance  of  this  plan  the  use  of  intrenching  implements 
occupied  a  good  deal  of  time,  and  some  approaches  were  made 
toward  the  rebel  line. 

So  exposed  was  the  position  occupied  by  the  advanced  line, 
that  on  the  morning  of  the  19th,  three  of  the  Forty-fourth's 
men,  waking  from  deep  sleep  and  unwittingly  exposing  their 
heads  above  the  breastworks,  were  instantly  killed  by  sharp- 
shooters who  had  complete  command  of  our  front.  This  was 
lesson  sufficient  and  all  through  the  day  the  men  remained  pros- 
trate, except  as  it  became  necessary  to  change  position,  when 
greatest  care  was  taken  to  keep  close  to  the  ground.  During 
this  blistering  day,  artillery  officers  began  some  experiments  in 
the  use  of  mortars,  under  cover  of  the  hill  on  top  of  which  we 
were  intrenched.  Two  very  accurate  shots,  so  stirred  up  the 
rebels,  that  retaliation  was  at  once  resorted  to,  and  their  battery 
fire  became  furious.  Perhaps  the  Union  line  of  battle  back  of 
us  suffered  more  than  the  front,  but  the  protection  afforded  by 
our  breastworks  was  most  fully  utilized  and  appreciated.  Our 
artillery  men,  satisfied  that  they  had  the  range  and  could  make 
good  use  of  the  mortars  at  the  proper  time,  discontinued  their 
fire  and  the  enemy  became  less  active. 

During  the  night  the  Forty-fourth  was  relieved  and  took 
position  about  a  mile  further  back,  in  another  line  of  breast- 
works, not  so  exposed  but  still  under  fire.  On  the  21st  a  change 
in  position  gives  us  a  view  of  church  spires  in  Petersburg.  One 
hundred  men  are  detailed  for  picket  duty.  On  the  22d  picket  is 
relieved  and  returns  to  regiment,  having  lost  one  killed  and 
two  wounded.    Two  others  are  wounded  in  the  regimental  line. 

On  the  24th  the  enemy  amuse  themselves  by  artillery  prac- 
tice, but  the  Forty-fourth  is  fortunate  and  has  no  casualties. 
On  the  25th  one  man  is  wounded.  The  two  following  days  a 
detail  from  the  regiment  for  picket  duty  had  no  losses.  On  the 
29th  it  is  said  we  are  but  two  miles  from  Petersburg.     June 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      203 

[Cbap.  XV ill.  Sanitary  Commission  and  Pickles.  July  3,  1864] 

30th  the  loth  Corps  assaults  the  enemy's  position  and  though 
twice  repulsed,  is  successful  the  third  time,  capturing  and  hold- 
ing a  portion  of  the  rebel  line. 

On  July  2d,  a  detail  of  one  hundred  men  is  called  for  picket 
and  the  rest  of  the  regiment  is  sent  on  "fatigue  duty"  build- 
ing roads. 

July  3d  was  a  "red  letter"  day  and  many  a  blessing  was 
showered  upon  the  Sanitary  Commission,  which  had  not  for- 
gotten that  soldiers  were  men  with  the  same  needs  for  bodily 
health  and  comfort  as  those  who  remained  at  home.  A  sample 
of  delicacies  reached  the  front  and  to  the  Forty-fourth  was 
delivered  a  half-barrel  of  assorted  pickles.  These  were  care- 
fully distributed  and  eagerly  received.  The  writer  well  re- 
members the  almost  ecstatic  pleasure  enjoyed  in  devouring  a 
pickled  onion,  which  was  his  share.  Not  usually  a  lover  of  the 
succulent  vegetable,  on  that  particular  day  nothing  could  have 
been  more  agreeable  and  welcome.  It  is  quite  possible  that  this 
timely  arrival  of  the  best  of  medicines  actually  saved  some 
lives.  Blessing  on  the  good  men  and  women  at  home  who 
had  sympathy  enough  with  the  boys  in  the  field  to  remember 
their  needs. 

On  July  7th  the  regiment  moved  about  six  hundred  yards 
to  the  left  into  front  line  of  works.  One  man  severely  wounded. 
On  the  9th  a  detail  for  picket  was  supplied  and  by  a  sort  of  un- 
derstanding picket  firing  was  suspended.  On  the  loth  mus- 
ketry firing  caused  an  order  to  "fall  in,"  but  no  attack  was 
made.    One  man  mortally  wounded  on  picket. 

For  the  next  two  weeks  the  situation  as  regards  the  Forty- 
fourth  was  much  the  same,  and  about  half  the  time  picket  and 
fatigue  duty  gave  occupation  to  the  men,  while  occasional  ar- 
tillery practice  and  the  attention  of ,  sharpshooters  were  con- 
stant reminders  to  be  careful. 

On  July  17th  Major  Knox  is  welcomed  back  to  the  com- 
mand of  the  regiment.  Five  deserters  came  in.  Indications  of 
activity  behind  the  rebel  lines  make  us  watchful,  but  no  at- 
tack came.  On  the  20th  and  21st  our  batteries,  by  good  marks- 
manship, exploded  two  of  the  enemy's  caissons.  On  the  27th 
the  2d  Corps  on  our  right,  makes  successful  attack,  capturing 
900  prisoners  and  seven  guns.  For  three  weeks,  interest  in  the 
mine  which  was  being  dug  under  the  enemy's  redoubt,  later 


204       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XVm.  Mine  Explosion.  July  30,  1864 

known  as  Elliott's  Salient,  had  been  growing  deeper  and 
deeper,  as  the  time  for  its  completion  approached.  To  Lieut. 
Col.  Pleasants,  of  the  48th  Penn.,  was  given  the  credit  for  the 
suggestion  and  prosecution  of  the  enterprise,  which,  so  far  as 
he  is  concerned,  was  thoroughly  and  successfully  accomplished. 
The  Forty-fourth  was,  therefore,  not  surprised  to  receive  or- 
ders on  the  29th  of  July  to  have  everything  in  readiness  for 
battle  early  the  following  morning,  when  the  mine  was  to  be 
exploded.  It  was  a  busy  night  and  hopes  were  high  that  some 
decisive  result  might  come  from  the  attack  that  was  to  be 
made.  At  3 130  A.  M.  the  men  were  waiting  eagerly  for  the 
work  to  begin  and  for  the  order  to  "forward."  Manoeuvres 
of  the  day  or  two  before,  under  General  Meade's  orders,  by  a 
part  of  the  army,  were  believed  to  have  caused  a  withdrawal  of 
a  part  of  the  enemy's  force  in  our  front,  and  that  at  the  moment 
of  the  explosion  of  the  mine,  a  favorable  opportunity  would 
be  afforded  for  a  general  advance.  The  assault  on  the  redoubt 
was  to  be  made  by  the  9th  Corps,  but  Ayres  and  Cutler's  Di- 
visions of  the  5th  Corps  were  massed  in  support,  while  the  ist 
Division  occupied  the  entire  5th  Corps  front.  The  delay  in 
opening  the  battle  was  later  known  to  be  caused  by  the  failure 
of  the  fuse  to  carry  past  a  low,  wet  spot,  through  which  it  had 
been  laid.  This  necessitated  a  new  connection,  for  which  haz- 
ardous duty  two  brave  volunteers  were  detailed.  Following 
the  explosion,  the  effects  of  which  clearly  showed  the  thor- 
oughness and  skill  of  the  engineers  and  workers,  the  Forty- 
fourth  and  other  troops  occupying  the  front  line  to  the  left  of 
Burnside,  awaited  the  expected  order  to  advance,  which  never 
came.  Looking  to  the  right  and  front,  our  men  saw  the  cloud 
of  smoke  and  debris,  as  the  fort  became  dust,  the  darker  spots 
showing  that  men  and  guns  were  mingled  with  the  mass  of  ma- 
terial thrown  into  the  air.  The  orders  had  been  for  Bartlett 
to  advance  his  division  against  the  enemy's  works  in  front  of 
the  5th  Corps,  provided  a  sufficient  break  occurred  in  the 
enemy's  line  to  offer  a  reasonable  chance  for  success. 

Alas,  that  sad  blundering  or  inefficiency  on  the  part  of  the 
commanders  of  the  assaulting  column  of  the  9th  Corps,  should 
have  turned  what  promised  to  be  a  brilliant  and  fruitful  suc- 
cess, into  a  deplorable  and  costly  defeat!  The  supporting 
divisions  of  the  5th  Corps  resumed  their  places  in  the  trenche; 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      205 

[Chap.  XVm.  "Bill"  the  Chef.  Aug.  i,  1864] 

and  there  was  a  settling  down  to  the  old  monotony  of  watching 
and  waiting,  with  such  relief  as  road  building  and  picket  duty 
afforded.  The  great  suffering  and  losses  among  the  men  who 
made  up  Burnside's  assaulting  party  and  whose  bravery  and 
sacrifice  came  to  naught,  for  lack  of  intelligent  leading,  were 
greatly  deplored. 

From  this  time  on  for  another  two  weeks,  one  day  was  much 
like  another.  The  same  watchful  care  against  a  possible  night 
attack;  the  same  placing  of  pickets  under  cover  of  darkness, 
some  distance  in  front  where  small  earth  works  and  ditches 
gave  protection ;  the  same  efforts  by  marksmen  of  both  armies 
to  make  life  miserable  for  their  enemies ;  the  occasional  bring- 
ing in  of  a  rebel  or  a  squad  of  them,  who,  to  escape  further 
service  in  the  Confederate  army  became  deserters  and  sought 
shelter  under  the  stars  and  stripes,  constituted  chiefly  the  rou- 
tine of  trench  life  before  Petersburg. 

It  is  a  rare  situation,  however  uncomfortable,  where  oc- 
casional incidents,  foreign  to  the  usual  order  of  things,  do 
not  distract  attention  for  the  moment  and  afford  relief  and 
amusement.  During  these  days  in  the  trenches,  there  dropped 
from  some  unseen  place  a  specimen  of  black  humanity  whose 
services  in  the  mess  of  the  regimental  commander  and  his  staff 
proved  of  not  a  little  value  and  comfort.  "Bill"  sufficed  for  a 
name,  and  despite  nature's  unkindliness,  which  gave  him  but 
one  good  leg  (the  other  being  shrivelled  to  his  knee)  he  was 
eager  to  serve  and  had  the  agility  of  an  athlete.  The  knee  of 
the  bad  leg,  resting  on  a  block  nailed  to  an  upright  stick,  did 
its  duty  well,  and  climbing  embankments  or  fences  with  a 
heavy  load,  or  making  rapid  marches,  failed  to  discourage  the 
brave  patriotic  darkey  boy.  Where  "Bill"  is  today  one  may 
only  guess,  but  his  faithfulness  entitles  him  to  respectful  consid- 
eration. About  Petersburg  and  its  environs  his  wanderings 
had  been  limited,  but  here  he  was  at  home,  and,  often,  looking 
over  beyond  the  Union  entrenchments  he  would  indicate  by 
gesture  the  location  of  certain  points  in  the  city  and  express 
the  wish  that  he  had  a  chance  to  show  the  General  the  short- 
est cut.  How  it  was  managed  I  never  knew,  but  one  evening 
•'Bill,"  with  a  smile  broader  than  usual,  informed  the  Major 
that  rations  were  ready  to  be  served.  Seated  at  the  extension 
table,  made  of  cracker  boxes,  our  dusky  benefactor  gave  us  a 


2o6       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XVm.  Weldon  Railroad.  Aug.  i8.  1864] 

genuine  and  delightful  surprise,  when,  with  the  air  and  pride 
of  a  veritable  chef,  he  brought  in  and  placed  before  the  mess  a 
well  cooked  fricasseed  chicken.  When  asked  where  he  got  the 
fowl  he  replied,  with  a  grin,  "I  jes'  found  'urn."  It  was  sur- 
mised that  nothing  less  than  a  night  trip,  through  difficulties 
and  dangers  many,  must  have  been  undertaken  before  this 
dainty  for  the  Major  was  secured.  Neither  cowardice  nor 
laziness  was  discovered  in  this  man  of  Ethiopia. 

On  August  14,  1864,  Col.  Conner  reached  the  regiment 
and  assumed  command.  His  return,  as  well  as  that  of 
other  ofikers  and  a  number  of  the  men  during  the  few  weeks 
past,  from  absences  necessitated  by  wounds  and  from  other 
causes,  made  a  considerable  reenforcement  to  the  depleted 
regiment,  and  was  more  than  welcome.  On  the  night  of  the 
14th  of  August,  the  5th  Corps  moved  back  out  of  the  trenches, 
relieved  by  the  9th.  The  debilitating  effects  of  trench  life  had 
made  many  sick  and  the  change  was  welcomed. 

Weldon  Railroad.  This  proved  to  be  in  preparation  for  the 
movement  to  destroy  the  Weldon  railroad,  which  was  begun  on 
the  1 8th,  on  which  day  and  the  three  following,  a  considerable 
advantage  in  position  was  secured  and  great  damage  done  to 
the  enemy's  communications.  Although  some  portions  of  the 
Union  force  engaged  in  this  expedition  suffered  considerable 
loss,  the  Forty-fourth  reported  four  men  captured  and  no 
other  casualties. 

From  this  time  to  the  23d  of  September,  the  duties  of  the 
siege  continued  without  further  general  engagement  and  the 
Forty-fourth  was  not  called  to  battle. 

On  September  24,  1864,  the  Forty-fourth  battalion,  which 
included  Companies  C  and  E,  and  later  additions  to  the  regi- 
ment whose  terms  of  service  had  not  expired,  entered  upon 
its  short  but  effective  career,  the  original  men  of  the  regi- 
ment having  embarked  for  the  north  to  be  mustered  out. 

The  story  of  the  battalion  and  its  part  in  the  successful  bat- 
tle of  Poplar  Spring  Church,  September  30,  1864,  the  last  ac- 
tion of  importance  in  which  any  organization  entitled  to  be 
called  the  Forty-fourth  New  York  Infantry  had  a  hand,  is  to 
be  told  by  its  worthy  and  efficient  commander. 


44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY     207 


CHAPTER  XIX. 

THE  FORTY-FOURTH   BATTALION   N.   Y.   VOLS.  ;  POPLAR 
SPRING  CHURCH. 

By  Capt.  Bradford  R.  Wood. 

On  September  23,  1864,  the  following  order  was  received 
by  Lieut.  Col.  Freeman  Conner,  a  copy  of  which  was  given  to 
Capt.  B.  R.  Wood,  Jr. : 

"Headquarters  Army  of  the  Potomac, 

Sept.  23,  1864. 
Special  Orders.     No.  257.     (Extract.) 

II.  Under  the  provisions  of  Circular  No.  36  of  May  2,  1864.  from 
the  War  Department,  the  following  named  officers  are  selected  to  officer 
the  battalion  of  the  44th  New  York  Vols,  to  remain  in  the  service  on  the 
discharge  of  the  regiment: 

Captain,  Bennett  Hunger. 

Captain,  B.  R.  Wood,  Jr. 

Captain,  A.  N.  Husted. 

First  Lieut.,  O.  L.  Hunger. 

First  Lieut.,  Edward  Bennett. 

First  Lieut.,  Theodore  Hoes. 

Asst.  Surg.,  D.  C.  Spencer. 

By  Command  of  Haj.  Gen.  Meade. 

(Sd.)  S.  Williams,  A.  A.  G. 
Official. 

(Sd.)     Fred  T.  Locke,  A.  A.  G. 
Official. 

(Sd.)     Geo.  Monteith,  A.  A.  G. 
Official. 

Chas.  H.  Hand,  Lt.  &  A.  A.  A.  G." 

The  above  order  was  followed  by  the  last  order  entered  in 
the  Order  Book  of  the  Forty-Fourth  Regiment  N.  Y.  Vols., 
as  follows: 

"Headquarters  44th  New  York  Vols., 

Sept.  23,  1864. 
G.  O.  No.  36. 

By  reason  of  the  consolidation  of  the  44th  Regt.  N.  Y.  S.  V.  in  com- 
pliance with  S.  O.  No.  235,  Head  Qrs.  5th  Corps,  Sept.  21,  1864,  the  fol- 
lowing named  officers  of  the  44th  Regt.  N.  Y.  S.  V.  are  hereby  author- 


2o8       44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XIX.  Col.  Conner's  Farewell.  Sept.  24,  1864 J 

ized  to  turn  over  all  surplus  Ordnance  and  Ordnance  Stores  for  which 
they  are  responsible,  to  the  following  named  officers  designated  to  com- 
mand the  Companies  of  the  44th  N.  Y.  S.  Battalion : 

Capt.  B.  K.  Kimberly,  of  Co.  A  and  Lieut.  Chas.  Kelly,  Comdg.  Co. 
C,  44th  N.  Y.  S.  v.,  to  1st  Lt.  Theodore  Hoes,  Comdg.  Co.  C  44th  New 
York  State  Battalion. 

Wm.  N.  Banks,  Capt.  Co.  H  and  B.  R.  Wood,  Jr.,  Capt.  Co.  E.  44th 
Regt.  N.  Y.  S.  Vols,  to  A.  N.  Husted,  Capt.  Co.  E  44th  New  York 
State  Battalion. 

A.  N.  Husted,  Capt.  Co.  I,  R.  H.  McCormic,  ist  Lt.  Comdg.  Co.  K 
and  C.  H.  Zeilman,  ist  Lt.  Comdg.  Co.  F  44th  Regt.  N.  Y.  S.  V.  to  ist 
Lt.  Edward  Bennett,  Comdg.  Co.  A,  44th  N.  Y.  S.  Batt'n. 

C.  D.  Grannis,  Capt.  Co.  B,  Jno.  V.  TenBroeck,  2nd  Lt.  Comdg.  Co. 
D  and  Theodore  Hoes,  ist  Lt.  Comdg.  Co.  G,  44th  Regt.  N.  Y.  S.  V.,  to 
B.  R.  Wood,  Jr.,  Capt.  Co.  B,  44th  N.  Y.  S.  Batt'n. 

By  Command  of 

Lieut.  Col.   Conner, 

Comdg.  Regiment. 
H.  J.  BoTCHFORD,  Lieut,  and  Actg.  Adjt. 

As  Capt.  Bennett  Hunger  was  absent  on  detached  service  at 
Elmira,  N.  Y.,  where  he  had  been  serving  at  the  Draft  Rendez- 
vous since  January,  1864,  Capt.  B.  R.  Wood,  Jr.,  being  the  next 
officer  in  rank,  was  notified  by  Adjutant  Botchford  that  he 
would  take  command  of  the  battaHon. 

On  the  morning  of  September  24,  1864,  the  Forty-Fourth 
Regiment  N.  Y.  Vols.,  under  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  Freeman 
Conner  and  the  Forty-Fourth  Battalion  N.  Y.  Vols.,  under 
command  of  Capt.  B.  R.  Wood,  Jr.,  were  drawn  up  in  line 
facing  each  other  to  take  their  final  farewell  as  soldiers  to- 
gether in  the  field. 

After  saluting  by  "Presenting  Arms,"  the  men  stood  at 
"Attention,"  while  Col.  Conner  in  a  few  kind  words  spoke  of 
the  many  trials  and  dangers  they  had  shared  together  and  ex- 
pressed sincere  regret  that  the  time  had  now  arrived  for  the 
Forty-Fourth  Regiment  to  say  "Farewell"  to  the  comrades 
who  were  to  remain  in  the  service.  He  hoped  the  Forty-Fourth 
Battalion  would  acquit  itself  well ;  that  the  war  would  soon  be 
over,  and  that  they  might  all  meet  again  in  the  State  of  New 
York  when  the  "Right"  had  triumphed  and  "Peace"  had  been 
declared. 

Capt.  Wood,  in  reply  congratulated  the  Forty-Fourth  Regi- 
ment on  the  excellent  record  it  had  made  during  its  service  in 


ANDREW    JACKSUX    KI.MBALL. 

Sergeant  Co.  D.  44th  X.  Y.  Vol.  Inf.  was  born  April  16,  1841,  died 
July  28,  1902,  at  Corr\',  Pa. 

A  few  years  ago  the  writer  of  this  sketch  met  Comrade  Congdon 
of  Co.  G  who,  upon  being  informed  of  Jack's  death,  wept  as  only  a 
comrade  can  over  the  death  of  one  who  stood  shoulder  to  shoulder 
during  the  days  of  '61  to  '65  and  remarked  that  "Jack  was  a  good 
soldier  in  a  regiment  of  good  soldiers."  This,  in  a  very  few  words, 
described  the  conduct  of  the  individual  as  well  as  that  of  his  regiment. 
The  history  of  the  44th  is  the  history  of  Comrade  Kimball,  for  he  was 
never  absent  from  the  regiment  from  the  time  it  left  Albany,  Oct., 
i8()i.  until  May  5,  1864,  when  he  was  taken  prisoner.  He  was  in  every 
engagement  in  which  the  44th  participated  down  to  that  time.  The 
writer  does  not  know  that  he  ever  performed  any  individual  act  of 
heroism,  unless  an  incident  occurring  May  5,  1864,  might  be  so  termed. 
On  that  morning,  George  Stevens,  Evans,  and  Jack  were  filling  can- 
teens, when  Stevens  said,  "I  hope  neither  one  of  us  will  get  hurt  in 
this  campaign,  so  that  we  may  go  home  together."  Before  the  day 
ended  Stevens  was  shot  in  the  right  breast,  Evans  through  the  throat — 
dying  three  days  later,  and  Jack  was  a  prisoner  and  kept  ten  months 
at  Andersonville  and  Florence.  He  carried  Evans  ofT  the  field  and 
then  took  his  place  once  more  in  the  line  of  battle. 


TIL 


x'DATIONS 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      209 

(Chap.  XIX.  Battalion  Organized.  Sept.  35,  1864] 

the  war,  and  wished  them  all  a  "happy  and  joyous  reception," 
when  they  reached  the  City  of  Albany  and  their  own  homes. 
He  assured  them  they  would  never  be  forgotten  and  that  the 
Forty-Fourth  Battalion  would  do  their  best  to  maintain  the 
splendid  record  of  the  regiment.  Then,  while  the  Battalion 
stood  at  "Present  Arms,"  the  regiment  faced  to  the  right,  and 
began  their  march  to  City  Point,  where  they  were  to  embark 
for  the  North. 

Preparations  were  immediately  commenced  to  place  the 
Battalion  in  serviceable  condition  for  the  future,  ist  Lieut.  O. 
L.  Munger  was  appointed  Adjutant  and  ist  Lieut.  Theodore 
Hoes,  Quartermaster. 

The  four  companies  were  given  their  proper  position  in 
camp  and  line  and  the  recruits  who  had  joined  the  regiment  on 
September  17th  were  armed  and  equipped  as  far  as  possible. 

A  new  camp  was  laid  out  September  25th,  which  was  the 
Sabbath  Day,  and  arms  and  clothing  were  inspected.  The  re- 
cruits had  not  received  much  instruction  as  to  their  duties  as 
soldiers,  and  during  the  few  days  the  Battalion  remained  in  this 
camp,  some  instruction  was  given  as  to  the  more  important 
duties,  such  as  alignments,  marching,  guard  and  picket  duty 
and  the  manual  of  arms,  particularly  as  to  loading  and  firing. 

On  September  30th  the  Battalion  began  marching  towards 
the  left  of  the  army  at  7  o'clock  in  the  morning.  For  a  few 
miles  the  march  was  through  the  woods.  About  11  A.  M,  an 
open  field  was  reached,  where  one  of  the  enemy's  forts  and  a 
long  line  of  entrenchments  could  be  seen,  about  half  a  mile  in 
advance.  Here  the  Battalion  halted,  formed  in  line  of  bat- 
tle, and  the  men  were  ordered  to  lie  down  to  protect  them  from 
observation  and  shelling  from  the  guns  in  the  fort.  The  officers 
present  knew  that  there  was  serious  business  ahead  and  in  case 
anything  should  happen  to  them,  each  took  the  address  of  the 
relatives  of  the  other  three,  and  promised  to  inform  them. 

There  was  a  slight  descent  in  the  field  in  front  of  the  Forty- 
Fourth  to  a  ravine  where  the  grounds  rose  again  to  the  fort, 
which  was  on  an  elevation  directly  in  our  front.  The  i6th 
Mich,  and  the  83d  Penn.  were  on  our  right  and  the  ii8th  Penn. 
and  the  20th  Me.  on  our  left  at  short  intervals. 

Soon  after  12  o'clock,  the  order  came  from  Brigade  Head- 
quarters to  advance,  and  the  order  was  given  to  the  Forty- 


2IO       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XIX.  Battle  of  Poplar  Spring  Church.  Sept.  30,  1864] 

Fourth  "Rise  up,"  "Forward"  "Double-quick,"  "March,"  and 
soon  after  "Charge."  The  enemy  had  been  firing  spherical  case 
shells,  which  were  aimed  high  and  passed  over  our  heads  ex- 
ploding in  the  rear.  Then  they  fired  a  few  rounds  of  solid 
shot.  A  few  seconds  after,  as  the  Battalion  ascended  the  in- 
cline to  the  fort,  they  used  canister  until  the  abatis  was  reached, 
when  they  ceased  firing.  A  few  men  were  seen  through  the 
smoke  above  the  parapet  who  did  not  fire  and  were  probably 
cannoneers.  Capt.  Wood  went  through  the  abatis  and  came  to 
a  ditch  about  ten  feet  deep  and  fourteen  feet  wide.  As  there 
was  no  way  of  crossing  the  ditch,  he  ran  to  the  right  of  the 
fort  and  along  the  entrenchments  connecting  with  it.  He  then 
came  to  the  body  of  Col.  Norval  E.  Welch  of  the  i6th  Mich., 
who  had  just  been  killed,  lying  in  the  ditch  outside  of  the  works. 
He  then  went  over  the  entrenchment,  joining  some  of  the  men 
of  the  i6th  Mich,  and  83d  Penn.  in  the  rear  of  the  fort,  just  as 
the  commanding  officer  surrendered  to  Capt.  C.  P.  Rogers  of 
the  83d  Penn.  The  enemy  had  taken  one  gun  out  of  the  fort 
and  were  hauling  it  away  with  ropes  about  500  yards  distant. 
The  Forty-Fourth  did  not  go  through  the  abatis,  but  moved  to 
the  right  until  they  came  to  a  part  of  the  line  where  none  had 
been  placed. 

The  lines  were  now  reorganized  in  the  entrenchments  which 
had  been  captured.  Lieut.  Bennett  and  several  men  who  had 
been  wounded  in  the  charge,  were  removed  from  the  field  and 
cared  for.  About  this  time  General  Griffin  rode  along  the  line 
and  was  received  with  hearty  cheers. 

A  little  later  the  Forty-Fourth  was  detached  from  the  bri- 
gade and  moved  to  a  fort  about  three-quarters  of  a  mile  to  the 
right,  which  had  been  taken  by  General  Ayers'  Division,  where 
they  found  the  83d  Penn.  and  the  i6th  Mich,  already  posted, 
and  this  fort  they  were  ordered  to  hold  at  all  hazards  as  an  at- 
tempt to  recapture  it  was  expected.  They  remained  here  until 
late  in  the  afternoon  when  they  were  ordered  to  rejoin  the 
brigade  on  the  double-quick.  They  formed  line  of  battle  in  an 
open  field  near  some  woods  about  200  yards  beyond  the  re- 
doubt which  had  been  taken  at  noon. 

The  line  of  battle  was  scarcely  formed  and  the  men  ordered 
to  lie  down,  when  a  portion  of  the  9th  Corps,  which  had  ad- 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      211 

[Chap.  XIX.  Poplar  Spring  Church.  Sept.  30, 1864] 

vanced  through  the  woods  to  the  enemy's  second  line  of  en- 
trenchments, finding  themselves  outflanked,  were  obliged  to 
fall  back  rather  hurriedly  through  our  lines.  They  were  vig- 
orously pursued.  The  Forty-Fourth  was  cautioned  not  to  fire 
until  all  of  our  troops  had  passed  through  our  line,  as  it  was 
now  growing  dark.  They  were  closely  followed  by  the  enemy, 
who  came  on  with  their  old  familiar  yell,  and  were  received  by 
a  heavy  fire  which  lasted  for  about  half  an  hour,  when  they 
were  driven  back  and  all  was  still. 

A  few  of  the  enemy's  dead  were  found  in  the  woods  close  to 
our  line,  and  these  with  one  of  our  own  men  who  was  killed, 
were  buried  and  the  wounded  removed. 

It  was  now  quite  dark  and  the  Battalion  was  ordered  back 
to  the  line  of  entrenchments  which  had  been  taken  earlier  in 
the  day  and  there  spent  the  night. 

The  loss  in  the  Forty-Fourth  Battalion  was,  one  man  killed, 
one  officer,  Lieut.  Bennett,  and  twenty-one  men  wounded,  and 
four  men  missing,  making  a  total  of  twenty-seven.  The  loss 
in  the  3d  Brigade,  which  was  commanded  by  Col.  James  Gwyn 
of  the  ii8th  Penn.,  and  which  at  this  time  consisted  of  the 
20th  Me.,  the  i8th  Mass.,  the  ist  and  i6th  Mich.,  the  Forty- 
Fourth  N.  Y.,  the  83d  and  ii8th  Penn.  Vols.,  was  five  officers 
and  twenty-seven  men  killed ;  thirteen  officers  and  one  hundred 
and  ninety  men  wounded,  and  twenty-one  men  missing,  mak- 
ing a  total  of  256.  The  total  loss  in  the  5th  Corps  was  six  hun- 
dred and  twenty-six. 

The  fort  or  redoubt  in  front  of  the  3d  Brigade  and  capt- 
ured by  it,  was  called  Fort  McRae,  and  contained  two  guns,  one 
of  which  was  captured  with  the  commanding  officer  and  about 
fifty  men. 

General  Warren,  in  a  dispatch  to  General  Humphreys  at 
2 :20  P.  M.,  September  30th,  wrote : 

"The  charge  by  Gen.  Griffin  is  one  of  the  boldest  I  ever  saw.  His 
line  passed  fully  600  yards  over  a  clear  field,  defended  by  infantry  against 
a  parapet  flanked  by  an  enclosed  redoubt." 

And  Col.  Fred  T.  Locke,  in  a  dispatch  to  General  S.  Wil- 
liams at  6  P.  M.,  wrote : 

"We  have  carried  the  enemy's  works  on  the  Squirrel  Level  Road, 
captured  i  gun,  7  officers  and  52  men." 


212       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XIX.  Battalion  Merged  with  140th  and  146th  N.  Y.  V.  Oct.  11, 1864] 

This  engagement  took  place  in  the  vicinity  of  Poplar  Grove 
or  Poplar  Spring  Church,  Peeble's  or  Pegram's  farm,  and  is 
called  by  these  different  names  in  the  dispatches. 

This  movement  towards  Richmond  on  the  left  was  made  in 
connection  with  operations  on  the  North  side  of  the  James 
River  under  General  E.  O.  C.  Ord  commanding  the  i8th,  and 
General  D,  B.  Birney  commanding  the  loth  Corps.  Both  move- 
ments were  very  successful  and  many  guns  and  prisoners  were 
taken. 

On  October  ist  the  entrenchments  in  our  front  were  re- 
versed so  that  they  could  be  better  defended  against  the  enemy. 
On  October  2d  the  Battalion  advanced  to  the  position  held  on 
the  evening  of  September  30th  and  threw  up  another  line  of 
entrenchments.    Here  it  was  exposed  to  some  lively  shelling. 

On  October  3d,  Lieut.  O.  L.  Munger,  who  was  very  anx- 
ious to  return  to  his  home  to  attend  to  some  business  affairs, 
at  his  own  request  was  mustered  out  of  the  service  and  after 
bidding  "Good-bye"  to  his  friends,  started  for  his  home  at 
Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.  He  had  been  a  brave  and  capable  officer  and 
his  loss  was  felt  in  the  Battalion. 

On  October  6th  Capt.  B.  R.  Wood,  Jr.,  was  ordered  to  re- 
port with  the  Forty-Fourth  Battalion  to  General  Frederick 
Winthrop,  commanding  the  ist  Brigade,  2d  Division  of  the 
5th  Corps,  which  was  in  line  a  few  miles  to  the  left.  The 
following  day  Returns  of  Ordnance  and  Camp  and  Garrison 
Equipage  were  made  out  and  sent  to  Washington  and  work  was 
commenced  on  the  transfer  rolls  of  the  Forty-Fourth  Battalion 
to  the  140th  and  146th  Regiments  N.  Y.  Vols. 

On  October  8th  Genera]  Winthrop's  Brigade  moved  for- 
ward to  make  a  reconnoissance  and  Capt.  Wood  was  invited  to 
accompany  the  General.  The  pickets  of  the  enemy  were  driven 
in  without  bringing  on  an  engagement,  after  which  the  troops 
returned  to  camp.  The  transfer  of  the  enlisted  men  of  the 
Forty-Fourth  Battalion  was  completed  in  accordance  with  the 
following  order : 

"Headquarters,  Army  of  the  Potomac, 

October  11,  1864. 
Special  Orders  No.  275.     (Extract.) 

II.  By  authority  of  the  War  Department,  the  enlisted  men  of  the 
44th  N.  Y.  Vols,  remaining  in  service  after  the  discharge  of  the  organi- 
zation, will  be  disposed  of  as  follows: 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      213 

Chap.  SIX.  Final  Orders.  Oct.  13, 1864] 

One  hundred  and  eighty-three  (183)  enlisted  men  will  be  trans- 
ferred to  the  146th  N.  Y.  Vols,  and  two  hundred  and  sixty-six  (266) 
enlisted  men  to  the  140th  New  York  Vols,  and  the  men  will  be  appor- 
tioned to  Companies  in  such  manner  as  to  give  each  Company  its  proper 
complement  of  officers  as  allowed  by  law. 

The  following  named  officers  of  the  44th  New  York  Vols,  rendered 
supernumerary  by  the  consolidation  herein  ordered,  will  be  promptly 
mustered  out : 

Capt.  B.  R.  Wood,  Jr.,  Capt.  A.  N.  Husted, 

Capt.  Bennett  Munger,  ist  Lieut.  Edward  Bennett, 

1st  Lieut.  Theodore  Hoes. 

The  Commissary  of  Musters  5th  Army  Corps  is  charged  with  the 
execution  of  this  order. 

As  soon  as  the  consolidation  is  completed  a  special  return  of  the 
140th  and  146th  Regts.  New  York  Vols,  will  be  forwarded  to  these 
Head  Qrs.  for  transmittal  to  the  Adjutant  General  of  the  Army. 
By  command  of  Maj.  Gen.  Meade. 

S.  Williams, 
Asst.  Adjt.  Gen. 

Headquarters  2nd  Div.  5th   Corps, 

October  12,  1864. 
Official. 

C.  E.  LaMotte, 

Lieut.  Col.  A.  A.  A.  Gen. 

Headquarters  ist  Brig.  2nd  Div.  sth  Corps. 

October  13,  1864. 
Official. 

William  J.  Broatch, 

2d  Lieut.  loth  U.  S.  Infantry  and  A.  A.  A.  Gen. 

Capt.  Bennett  Munger  and  ist  Lieut,  Theodore  Hoes  were 
mustered  out  of  the  service  with  the  regiment  at  Albany,  N.  Y., 
October  11,  1864.  Captains  A.  N.  Husted  and  B.  R.  Wood, 
Jr.,  were  mustered  out  by  Capt.  Wm.  F.  Gentry  at  the  head- 
quarters of  the  5th  Corps,  October  13,  1864,  the  former  by 
reason  of  the  consolidation,  the  latter  by  expiration  of  term  of 
service.  As  ist  Lieut.  Edward  Bennett,  who  was  then  in  the 
hospital  wounded,  desired  to  remain  in  the  service,  he  was 
transferred  to  the  146th  N.  Y.  Vols,  and  mustered  out  with  that 
regiment  July  16,  1865.  He  had  reenlisted  as  a  veteran  on  De- 
cember 28,  1863,  and  evidently  meant  to  keep  his  pledge  to  the 
Government. 

The  officers  of  the  Forty-Fourth  were  treated  with  much 
courtesy  by  General  Frederick  Winthrop  and  the  members  of 


214       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Cbap.  XIX.  Farewell  to  Battalion.  Oct.  14, 1864] 

his  staff,  and  at  midnight  of  their  last  night  in  camp  were  hon- 
ored by  a  serenade  of  charming  music  by  the  brigade  band. 

On  the  morning  of  October  14,  1864,  they  bade  "Farewell" 
to  their  kind  friends  and  comrades  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac, 
and  proceeded  to  Washington,  where,  after  remaining  a  few 
days  to  settle  their  accounts  with  the  Government  and  obtaining 
letters  from  the  Second  and  Third  Auditors  of  the  Treasury 
Department  that  their  accounts  had  been  received,  examined, 
found  correct  and  closed,  they  returned  to  their  homes  in  Al- 
bany, N.  Y. 


44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      215 


CHAPTER  XX. 

FAREWELLS  SPOKEN — HOMEWARD   BOUND. 

On  the  23d  day  of  September,  1864,  an  order  was  received 
by  Lieut.  Col.  Conner,  commanding,  to  turn  over  all  surplus 
ordinance  and  ordinance  stores  to  officers  designated  to  receive 
them,  and  proceed  with  the  regiment  to  Albany  to  be  mustered 
out.  The  details  of  what  took  place  immediately  preceding  the 
departure  of  the  regiment  are  so  faithfully  and  well  told  in  the 
previous  chapter  by  Captain  B.  R.  Wood,  that  it  is  unnecessary 
to  repeat  them  here.  Suffice  it  to  say  that  when  the  hour  ar- 
rived to  make  the  start,  those  who  were  to  remain  were  formed 
in  a  line  under  command  of  Captain  B.  R.  Wood,  and  those 
who  were  to  leave  were  formed  in  another  line  facing  them 
under  command  of  Lieut.  Col.  Conner.  It  was  an  occasion  of 
many  vivid  emotions.  Reflection  and  anticipations  alternately 
filled  the  mind.  The  lines  of  the  poet  not  inaptly  describe  a 
feature  of  the  occasion. 

"My  very  chains  and  I  grew  friends, 
So  much  a  long  communion  tends 
To  make  us  what  we  are,  even  I 
Regained  my  freedom  with  a  sigh." 

In  any  event  to  those  about  to  leave  it  was  a  sad  and  joyous 
occasion.  It  was  sad  to  leave  the  service  while  waning  rebellion 
was  defiant  in  the  field;  sad  to  part  with  true  and  tried  com- 
rades with  whom  the  touch  of  elbows  had  been  so  often  taken 
when  marching  to  battle ;  sad  to  terminate  the  companionship 
which  had  been  cemented  by  the  varied  vicissitudes  of  mili- 
tary life.  It  was  joyous  to  contemplate  that  the  compact  of 
enlistment  for  three  years  had  been  fulfilled ;  joyous  to  feel  that 
the  discomforts  of  camp,  the  weariness  of  campaigns,  the  haz- 
ards of  battle,  were  all  experiences  not  again  to  recur;  joyous 
that  a  return  was  to  be  made  to  the  comforts  of  home,  the  free- 
dom of  civil  life,  and  the  companionship  of  family  friends. 
The  last  look  was  taken,  the  farewells  were  spoken,  the  mili- 


2i6       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XX.  En  Route  Home.  Sept.  35, 1864] 

tary  compliments  were  exchanged,  the  faces  of  those  whose 
terms  had  expired  were  turned  homeward,  and  the  regiment 
took  up  its  march  to  City  Point.  It  was  cheered  and  congratu- 
lated by  other  troops  while  on  its  way.  At  City  Point  its  one 
hundred  and  seventy  members  marched  aboard  a  steamer  for 
transportation  to  Washington.  Glad  cheers  were  given  by 
soldiers  and  spectators  on  the  wharf  and  on  the  bank  which 
were  lustily  responded  to  by  those  on  board.  As  the  boat  swung 
out  into  the  stream  and  headed  homeward,  many  joyful  voices 
joined  in  singing,  "Out  on  the  Ocean  all  boundless  we  ride. 
We're  homeward  bound,  homeward  bound." 

The  occasion  added  charm  to  the  song,  but  its  strains  were 
noticeable  for  quantity  rather  than  quality.  Washington  was 
reached  without  accident.  From  that  point  the  experiences  of 
three  years  ago  were  reversed.  The  start  from  Washington 
was  made  in  cars  of  ancient  origin  and  limited  accommodations. 
As  the  distance  from  the  National  Capital  increased,  the  ac- 
commodations also  increased.  It  is  not  recalled,  however,  that 
anyone  failed  to  proceed  homeward  on  account  of  the  limited 
accommodations.  The  army  is  well  calculated  to  teach  patience, 
forbearance  and  a  disposition  to  accept  the  situation.  Bal- 
timore, Philadelphia  and  New  York  were  in  turn  reached  and 
passed.  The  experiences  of  going  to  the  front  three  years  be- 
fore were  vividly  recalled.  The  reception  in  Baltimore  was 
more  passive  and  subdued.  Philadelphia  had  not  tired  in  pa- 
triotic endeavor.  New  York  had  eliminated  the  draft  riots  and 
Horace  Greeley  had  ceased  to  urge  "Let  the  wayward  sisters  go 
in  peace."  The  crumbling  rebellion  was  doomed,  its  northern 
sympathizers  were  sullenly  silent  and  the  loyal  patriotic  masses 
were  buoyant  with  hope  that  the  restored  Union  would  soon 
be  an  accomplished  fact.  It  was  a  matter  of  thrilling  satisfac- 
tion to  set  foot  on  the  soil  of  the  grand  old  Empire  State  after 
such  a  prolonged  absence.  The  greetings  of  the  people  and 
press  were  most  generous  and  hearty.  On  the  other  hand  the 
legions  of  Caesar  were  not  more  elated  in  returning  in  triumph 
to  Imperial  Rome,  than  were  the  members  of  the  regiment  on 
returning  to  the  capital  on  the  banks  of  the  historic  Hudson. 

The  Albany  Morning  Express  of  Tuesday,  September  27, 
1864,  states  under  the  title  of  "Reception  to  the  Forty- Fourth 
(Ellsworth's)  Regiment,"  as  follows: 


BF.XJAMIN  K.  KIMR1-:RLY. 

The  record  of  Captain  Kimberly  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.  will  be 
found  full}-  set  forth  in  the  Roster.  Immediately  after  the  mustering 
out  of  this  regimen:  at  Albany  in  Octolier.  1864,  he  entered  the  service 
as  Captain  of  Co.  F  in  the  i8th  New  York  Cavalry  and  served  with  that 
organization  in  Louisiana  and  Texas  until  the  close  of  the  war.  Soon 
after  this  he  removed  to  the  state  of  Colorado  and  was  there  elected 
to,  and  served  a  term  in  the  legislature  of  that  state.  He  was  in  the 
cattle  business  from  1874  to  1907  and  during  that  time  was  made 
Receiver  of  Public  ]\Ioney  in  the  U.  S.  Land  Office  in  Denver.  Colo, 
in  1896  and  served  for  over  eight  years  in  that  positinn. 


THE  ^^^ 

PUBLIC  Li^.  . 

ASTOR,  LE1S50X 

|__2^EN£OUNDAftONS  | 


*.;  o 


CJ.5 


o2 


3  o 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      217 

(Chap.  XX.  Albany  Common  Council.  Sept.  a7i  1864] 

"The  meeting  of  the  friends  of  the  44th  Regiment  and  of  members 
thereof,  was  held  at  Col.  McCardel's  last  evening  to  consult  together  as 
to  the  reception  of  the  regiment.  Hon.  George  H.  Thatcher  presided, 
and  Mr.  J.  C.  Cuyler  acted  as  Secretary. 

A  letter  was  read  from  one  of  the  members  in  which  it  was  stated 
that  the  regiment  would  probably  reach  here  in  the  middle  of  the  week. 
A  committee  consisting  of  the  Chairman,  Secretary,  Messrs.  William 
Barnes,  Alex.  McRoberts,  Hon.  George  Woolford,  Perry  Ewing,  Wil- 
liam H.  Greene,  Paul  Cushman,  William  A.  Rice,  Tennis  G.  Vischer, 
Lieut.  James  McMillan,  David  Zeh,  David  Weaver,  Archibald  McClure 
and  John  P.  Rogers  was  appointed  to  make  the  necessary  arrangements 
for  receiving  the  regiment. 

The  ex-members  of  the  regiment  are  requested  to  meet  at  Col. 
McCardel's  this  evening  at  seven  and  one-half  o'clock  to  make  arrange- 
ments for  the  reception." 

On  Wednesday,  September  28th,  the  same  paper  published 
the  following: 

"SPECIAL  MEETING  OF  THE  COMMON  COUNCIL. 
"Reception  of  the  Forty-Fourth  Regiment. 

"There  was  a  special  meeting  of  the  Common  Council  last  evening 
to  make  arrangements  for  the  reception  of  the  44th  Regiment.  The 
Mayor  announced  the  object  of  the  meeting  and  stated  that  he  deemed 
it  highly  proper  that  the  city  authorities  should  take  the  necessary  steps 
to  give  them  on  behalf  of  the  City  a  hearty  welcome.  As  to  when  the 
regiment  will  arrive,  it  was  stated  that  it  arrived  in  New  York  yesterday, 
but  could  not  leave  for  Albany  during  the  day.  It  may  possibly  arrive 
to-day  or  this  evening. 

Messrs.  Archibald  McClure,  Paul  Cushman,  and  J.  C.  Cuyler  were 
appointed  a  committee  to  co-operate  with  the  Common  Council.  Mr. 
Cuyler  stated  that  Major  General  Robinson  had  been  waited  on  by  them 
and  at  their  request,  said  he  would  order  out  from  the  Reserve  Corps 
at  the  barracks  an  escort  to  consist  of  a  regiment  of  infantry  and  a  full 
battery. 

Aid.  Judson  said  it  would  undoubtedly  be  proper  on  the  occasion 
of  the  return  of  these  war-worn  veterans — the  remnant  of  as  gallant  a 
regiment  as  ever  left  the  State  of  New  York— for  the  city  to  give  them 
a  reception  that  would  evince  the  high  estimation  in  which  their  services 
are  held  by  all  our  citizens.  He  therefore  moved  the  appointment  of  a 
committee  of  five  to  co-operate  with  the  citizens  committee  to  make  the 
necessary  arrangements  on  the  part  of  the  common  council. 

Carried. 

The  Mayor  appointed  Aldermen  Judson,  Tracy,  Amsdell,  Mclntyre, 
and  Bancroft.    The  meeting  then  adjourned. 

The  committee  held  a  meeting  subsequent  to  the  adjournment  of  the 


2i8       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XX.  44th  Arrives  in  Albany.  Sept.  29,  1864] 

Board,  when  it  was  resolved  to  give  the  regiment  a  dinner  on  its  arrival, 
and  to  extend  to  them  a  hearty  welcome  to  the  city.  Captain  Parr  will 
fire  a  National  salute  on  their  arrival,  and  the  troops  from  the  barracks 
will  parade.  Schreiber's  Band  will  play  for  the  gallant  old  44th.  The 
committee  will  meet  at  the  City  Hall  at  ten  o'clock  this  morning  to  per- 
fect the  arrangements." 

Hon.  George  H.  Thatcher,  Mayor,  other  city  officials  and 
many  prominent  citizens  spared  no  pains  in  making  prepara- 
tions for  the  welcome  home.  Mayor  Thatcher  was  President  of 
the  original  Ellsworth  Committee  that  conceived  and  elaborated 
the  plan  to  organize  the  regiment.  He  followed  its  career  in 
the  field  with  paternal  interest,  and  now  stood  prominent  at  the 
gates  of  the  city  to  welcome  it  back. 

All  of  the  Albany  city  papers  were  profuse  and  hearty  in 
compliments  in  reference  to  the  regiment  on  its  arrival.  The 
following  taken  from  the  Morning  Express  under  date  of  Sep- 
tember 30th,  is  fairly  indicative  of  the  others. 

"The  Forty-Fourth  Regiment,  N.  Y.  S.  V.  reached  this  city  between 
four  and  five  o'clock  yesterday  afternoon.  It  was  expected  that  they 
would  arrive  at  half-past  two  o'clock  but  the  train  was  delayed.  The 
Regiment  was  met  at  East  Albany  by  the  Common  Council  and  Citizens 
Committees,  and  a  detachment  of  ex-members  of  the  regiment  under 
command  of  Captain  McRoberts,  accompanied  by  Shreiber's  band,  the 
members  of  which  volunteered  their  services.  As  soon  as  the  train 
arrived  Captain  Parr  fired  a  National  salute  which  notified  the  people 
that  the  Ellsworths  were  really  coming.  And  they  responded  in  their 
strength,  as  thousands  congregated  on  the  different  streets  through 
which  the  procession  was  to  pass  to  give  the  boys  a  hearty  welcome. 
Major  General  Robinson  in  command  of  the  troops  at  the  barracks, 
having  been  requested  to  detail  an  infantry  regiment  and  the  battery 
stationed  there,  promptly  acceded  to  the  request  of  the  Citizens  Com- 
mittee and  precisely  at  half  past  two  o'clock  the  22d  regiment  Veteran 
Reserves,  and  the  i6th  Mass.  battery  reported  to  the  Marshal.  Lieut. 
Col.  Rutherford  was  in  command  of  these  troops. 

"The  Forty-Fourth  on  disembarking  marched  through  the  railroad 
yard  and  Dean  Street  and  so  on  to  Broadway,  where  the  veteran  troops 
were  drawn  up  in  line  to  receive  them.  The  Ellsworthsi  passed  the  line 
and  halted,  and  the  escort  then  passed  them,  and  the  line  of  march  was 
taken  up,  the  members  of  the  Common  Council  and  Citizens  Committee 
preceding  the  44th.  The  route  of  the  procession  was  through  Broadway 
to  Qinton  Avenue,  up  Clinton  Avenue  to  Pearl,  down  Pearl  to  Lydius, 
down  Lydius  to  Broadway,  through  Broadway  to  State,  up  State  to 
Washington  Avenue,  through  Washington  Avenue  to  Dove,  across  Dove 
to  State,  and  down  State  to  the  Capitol,  where  the  regiment  was  for- 
mally received  by  Governor  Seymour. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      219 

[Chap.  XX.  Gov.  Seymour  Welcomes  the  Regiment.  Sept.  29,  1864] 

"Col.  Conner  and  the  officers  of  the  regiment  visited  the  Executive 
Chamber  and  were  personally  introduced  to  Governor  S.,  after  which 
he  welcomed  the  regiment  in  a  brief  but  patriotic  speech.  He  alluded 
to  their  valuable  and  dangerous  services  in  the  cause  of  their  country, 
and  in  behalf  of  the  citizens  of  New  York,  whom  they  represented, 
extended  to  them  a  cordial  welcome  and  hearty  thanks. 

"Col.  Conner  responded  in  a  few  and  exceedingly  happy  remarks. 
He  thanked  the  Governor  for  the  kind  welcome  extended  to  his  com- 
mand, and  alluded  in  the  most  feeling  manner  to  the  losses  sustained  by 
the  regiment  in  officers  and  men.  We  have  seldom  listened  to  a  more 
unassuming  and  touching  speech.  Col.  C.  is  not  only  a  good  fighting 
man  but  a  good  speech  maker. 

"We  should  have  stated  that  Hon.  Erastus  Coming  and  his  lady 
were  on  the  stoop  of  his  residence  as  the  regiment  passed  up  State 
Street,  and  Col.  C.  very  properly  paid  them  the  honor  of  a  marching 
salute.  The  same  marked  attention  was  bestowed  upon  the  widow  of 
the  lamented  General  Rice,  who  is  stopping  at  the  residence  of  Archi- 
bald McClure,  Esq. 

"After  the  reception  by  the  Governor,  the  regiment  stacked  arms  in 
the  Park  and  were  then  marched  to  Congress  Hall  where  they  partook 
of  a  dinner,  provided  for  them  by  order  of  the  Common  Council  Com- 
mittee. 

"It  is  scarcely  necessary  to  state  that  the  boys  relished  their  rations 
and  did  most  ample  justice  to  the  good  things  spread  before  them  by 
'mine  host'  General  Mitchell. 

"At  the  conclusion  of  the  dinner  the  regiment  proceeded  to  the 
City  Hall  where  Col.  Conner  established  his  quarters.  The  Mayor  di- 
rected the  building  to  be  thrown  open  and  such  of  the  members  as  were 
not  so  fortunate  as  to  have  friends  in  the  city  were  comfortably  accom- 
modated. Our  city  boys  were  permitted  to  return  to  their  homes,  where 
a  hearty  greeting,  we  are  sure,  awaited  each  and  all  of  them. 

"The  crowd  of  people  at  the  ferry  landing  and  on  Broadway  and  in 
fact  at  every  point  along  the  line  of  march  was  immense;  men,  women 
and  children  crowded  every  avenue  and  on  Broadway  it  was  with  no 
little  difficulty  that  the  regiment  passed  through.  Everybody  was  glad 
to  see  and  receive  the  war-worn  heroes,  and  we  venture  the  assertion, 
that  a  more  spontaneous  outburst  of  welcome  has  never  been  witnessed 
in  our  city.  It  was  a  fitting  tribute  to  the  gallant  fellows  who  fought 
so  bravely  for  the  old  flag  and  one  which  they  appreciated. 

"The  veterans  of  this  regiment  who  are  returning  home  number  one 
hundred  and  seventy  men  and  fourteen  officers  whose  names  are  as  fol- 
lows:  Lieut.  Col.  F.  Conner,  Maj.  E.  B.  Knox,  Acting  Adj.  H.  J.  Botch- 
ford,  Surgeon,  M.  W.  Townsend,  Quarter  Master,  F.  R.  Mundy,  and 
Captains,  C.  Allen,  W.  N.  Danks,  E.  A.  Nash,  B.  K.  Kimberly,  and 
C.  D.  Grannis ;  First  Lieutenants,  C.  H.  Zielman,  R.  H.  McCormick,  and 
Charles  Kelley,  and  Second  Lieut.  J.  V.  TenBroeck. 

"Captains  Allen  and  Danks  left  Albany  in  1861  as  captains  of  com- 
panies F  and  H  respectively,  and  were  the  only  original  captains  of  the 


a20       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XX.  Regiment  Mustered  Out.  Oct.  ii,  1864] 

regiment  to  retain  their  original  offices  throughout  the  entire  term  of 
service. 

"The  receptions  extended  by  Governor  Seymour,  other  State  and 
city  officials,  and  the  great  masses  of  the  people  were  hearty,  enthusiastic 
and  highly  appreciated.  A  feature  of  especial  interest  was  the  presence 
of  Captain  Alexander  McRoberts  and  a  goodly  number  of  former  mem- 
bers of  the  regiment,  who  had  become  disabled  by  wounds  and  other- 
wise, and  who  were  obliged  to  leave  the  service  before  the  expiration 
of  their  term.    It  was  a  reunion  of  uncommon  interest." 

The  work  of  preparing-  "muster  out"  rolls  was  promptly  be- 
gun. The  rolls  were  not  completed,  however,  until  the  nth 
day  of  October,  on  which  date  the  regiment  was  finally  mus- 
tered out  of  the  service.  The  interval,  after  the  arrival  of  the 
regiment  and  before  the  completion  of  the  rolls,  was  spent  in 
relaxation  and  in  forming  plans  for  the  future.  This  planning 
partook  something  of  the  nature  of  "speculating  in  futures." 
No  doubt  there  were  many  air  castles  built.  The  members  had 
originally  come  together  from  the  four  comers  of  the  State. 
Where  now  should  they  go  and  what  could  they  do?  The 
places  which  they  left  on  entering  the  service  or  which  they 
might  have  had  were  already  filled.  It  was  most  natural  that 
they  should  report  to  the  people  whose  representatives  they 
were.  Happy  they,  who  on  such  an  occasion  should  receive 
the  plaudit  "well  done."  It  seemed  like  a  return  from  dream- 
land to  recall  the  experiences  and  anticipations  of  that  partic- 
ular period.  At  that  time  was  emphasized  the  unappreciated 
luxury  of  being  able  to  sleep  in  regular  beds,  eat  at  well 
spread  tables,  and  go  and  come  at  will.  The  habits  and  re- 
straints of  the  past  three  years  had  in  a  measure  become  sec- 
ond nature.  To  overcome  these,  to  find  a  place  and  engage  in 
regular  business,  called  into  requisition  new  resolutions,  new 
endeavors,  and  untried  experiences.  In  a  majority  of  cases 
the  members  were  without  capital,  without  experience  in  busi- 
ness, and  in  many  instances  wounded  or  disabled  by  present  or 
mcipient  diseases.  In  short  they  had  been  materially  out  dis- 
tanced in  the  race  of  life  by  contributing  three  years  of  haz- 
ardous service  in  early  manhood  for  the  preservation  of  the 
Union. 

The  "muster  out"  complete,  the  Forty-Fourth  New  York 
Volunteers,  "Ellsworth  Avengers"  otherwise  known  as  the 
People's    Ellsworth    Regiment   ceased   to    exist.      Its    record 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      221 

[Cbap.  XX.  Reunions.  1871  and  1886] 

was  finished.  It  had  followed  the  fortunes  of  the  grand  Army 
of  the  Potomac  in  sunshine  and  in  storm,  in  victory  and  in  de- 
feat. It  had  taken  part  or  been  present  on  the  field,  prepared 
for  action,  in  more  than  two  scores  of  battles.  It  never  failed 
in  high  endeavor  or  heroic  achievement.  It  contributed  liberally 
toward  the  perpetuity  of  the  Union  and  its  preservation  for 
posterity.  The  farewells  were  spoken,  the  organization  was 
dissolved  into  its  original  units,  and  the  members  severally 
turned  their  faces  with  hopefulness  towards  the  future. 

Two  reunions  of  the  regiment  have  been  held  in  Albany 
since  the  war,  one  August  8th,  1871,  the  other  August  8th, 
1886,  respectively  ten  and  twenty-five  years  after  the  day 
fixed  for  members  selected  from  the  different  towns  and  wards 
in  the  State  to  assemble  at  Albany.  Both  were  occasions  of  un- 
common interest.  The  preparations  and  proceedings  were  am- 
ple and  appropriate.  The  welcome  and  entertainment  were 
hearty,  generous  and  complimentary.  It  was  made  apparent 
that  the  people  and  press  were  constant  in  their  appreciation 
of  the  regiment  and  its  noble  record.  It  is  proposed  to  hold  an- 
other reunion  on  the  8th  day  of  August,  191 1,  which  will  be 
the  fiftieth  anniversary  of  the  day  when  the  first  detachment  of 
the  regiment  entered  the  barracks.  As  the  intervening  years 
multiply,  interest  in  such  an  event  must  increase.  It  is  hoped 
that  all  surviving  members  will  be  "present  or  accounted  for." 
The  past  gives  assurances  that  the  people  of  Albany  will  not 
fail  to  extend  a  cordial  welcome.  Let  it  be  an  occasion  when 
old  comrades  will  add  a  new  chapter  to  their  history. 

It  may  not  be  inappropriate  in  this  place  to  refer  to  another 
matter  of  general  interest.  In  1893,  thirty  years  after  the  bat- 
tle of  Gettysburg,  a  monument  was  erected  to  commemorate 
the  services  of  the  regiment.  The  State  of  New  York,  mem- 
bers of  the  regiment  and  their  friends  supplied  the  funds.  The 
monument  is  erected  on  the  crest  of  Little  Round  Top,  directly 
in  rear  of  the  line  where  the  regiment  fought  on  the  2d  day 
of  July,  1863.  The  design  is  superb.  Its  workmanship,  ar- 
tistic and  beautiful.  Its  granite  wajls  are  massive  and  durable. 
The  height  of  its  tower  corresponds  in  feet  to  the  number  of 
the  regiment.  Hanging  upon  the  capacious  inner  walls  are 
symmetrical  bronze  tablets  on  which  are  legibly  inscribed  the 
names  of  the  members  of  the  regiment.    The  site  upon  which  it 


222       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XX.  Dedication  of  Gettysburg  Monument.  July  2, 1864] 

stands  is  more  valuable  and  durable  than  brass  or  marble.  The 
Almighty  erected  it,  the  blood  of  heroes  has  sanctified  it,  and 
the  dews  of  eternity  shall  water  it. 

The  regiment  also  has  an  invisible  monument.  It  is  durable 
as  earth  and  reaches  to  heaven.  On  its  ethereal  superstructure, 
emblazoned  by  the  glorious  sunlight  of  national  destiny,  are  the 
magic  words,  Liberty,  Union,  Valor.  On  its  crowning  dome  is 
the  word  Immortality. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      223 


CHAPTER  XXI. 

BRIGADIER  GENERAL    JAMES    CLAY    RICE. 

To  prepare  a  brief  sketch  of  the  life  and  military  services  of  James 
Clay  Rice,  and  keep  it  within  the  allotted  space,  but  little  remains  to  be 
done  except  to  collect  and  compile  from  the  abundant  material  at  hand. 
We  are  indebted  to  his  nephew,  Col.  William  G.  Rice,  for  the  following 
data :  "James  Clay  Rice  was  born  in  Worthington,  Mass.,  in  the  year 
eighteen  hundred  twenty-eight.  He  was  educated  at  Yale  College,  where 
he  graduated  in  the  class  of  1854.  During  his  college  course  he  wrote 
an  interesting  history  of  Worthington,  which  he  inscribed  to  the  old 
people  of  the  town.  Upon  leaving  college  he  took  charge  of  a  seminary 
at  Natchez,  Miss.,  giving  such  spare  moments  as  he  had  at  command  to 
the  study  of  law,  having  decided  to  make  that  his  profession.  He  re- 
turned to  the  North  the  following  year,  and  entered  the  office  of  Theo- 
dore Sedgwick,  Esq.,  of  New  York  City.  He  was  there  devoting  him- 
self to  the  practise  of  law  when  the  first  call  for  volunteers  came.  He 
soon  joined  the  39th  Regiment  N.  Y.  Vols,  known  as  the  Garibaldi 
Guards,  was  commissioned  first  Lieutenant  and  appointed  Adjutant  of 
the  regiment.  He  was  soon  thereafter  promoted  to  a  captaincy  and  in 
that  capacity  was  engaged  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run." 

In  the  early  days  of  the  44.th  N.  Y.  he  was  commissioned  its  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  by  Gov.  Morgan,  and  served  as  such  during  its  formative 
period,  after  it  went  to  the  front,  and  during  the  Peninsular  campaign. 
He  was  active  and  conspicuous  in  all  the  battles  in  which  the  regiment 
was  engaged  on  the  Peninsula,  and  commanded  it  in  the  important 
battle  of  Malvern  Hill.  He  was  promoted  Colonel  on  the  4th  day  of 
July,  1862,  for  gallant  and  meritorious  services  during  the  Seven  Days 
Fight.  After  his  promotion  he  commanded  the  regiment  in  all  its  op- 
erations except  the  Antietam  and  Fredericksburg  campaigns,  until  the 
fall  of  the  gallant  Vincent  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg,  when  he  suc- 
ceeded to  the  command  of  the  brigade.  He  commanded  the  brigade  until 
the  month  of  August  when  he  received  his  commission  as  Brigadier 
General  U.  S.  Vols,  and  was  assigned  to  the  command  of  a  brigade  in 
the  First  Corps.  He  continued  in  this  new  command  until  he  was  mor- 
tally wounded  on  the  loth  day  of  May,  1864. 

His  untimely  death  and  what  took  place  immediately  preceding  it 
are  well  and  graphically  told  by  his  personal  Aide,  Lieutenant  Archibald 
McClure  Bush.  "After  four  days  before  the  enemy  in  the  Wilderness 
Battle,  Va.,  the  Second  Brigade  4th  Division  sth  Corps  commanded  by 
Brig.  Genl.  James  Clay  Rice,  exhausted,  and  without  proper  rest  or  food, 
was  again  called  into  action  to  repulse  the  enemy  near  Spottsylvania 


224       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XXI.  Death  of  Gen.  Rice.  May  zo,  1864) 

C.  H.  on  May  loth  at  early  dawn,  without  having  time  to  breakfast. 
They  were  engaged  until  almost  noon  when  they  were  about  to  be  re- 
lieved. The  relieving  column  was  moving  too  far  to  the  left,  and  Genl. 
Rice  anxious  to  have  his  entire  command  relieved,  sent  Lieutenants 
Bush  and  Tambdin,  his  aides,  to  overtake  them.  After  dispatching 
them  Genl.  Rice  thought  that  by  mounting  the  earth  works  he  could 
reach  the  line  by  voice.  After  Lieut.  Bush  delivered  the  order  he  turned 
and  saw  the  General  fall,  and  at  once  joined  those  who  were  lifting  him 
in  a  blanket,  and  assisted  in  bearing  him  to  the  rear.  A  sharp  shooter 
had  hit  him  in  the  left  thigh,  the  ball  furrowing  the  leg  to  the  knee, 
severing  the  femoral  artery.  It  was  sometime  before  a  tourniquet  could 
be  applied,  so  that  there  was  great  exhaustion  and  shock  from  loss  of 
blood  before  the  hospital  was  reached.  Primary  amputation,  under  an 
anesthetic,  was  quickly  performed,  Lieut.  Bush,  at  the  General's  request 
that  he  should  not  leave  him,  holding  his  hand.  As  he  was  being  car- 
ried to  the  hospital,  Genl.  Meade  dismounted  on  learning  the  name  of 
the  wounded  officer,  and  taking  his  hand  expressed  his  deep  regret. 
General  Rice  said :  "I  am  badly  hurt.  General,  they  must  do  all  they 
can  for  me.  I  have  tried  to  do  my  duty  but  am  ready  to  die  for  my 
country."  The  reply  of  his  commander  was :  "Would  that  all  had  done 
it  as  faithfully  and  were  as  well  prepared  to  die." 

Upon  regaining  consciousness  after  the  amputation,  he  asked  if  he 
was  dying,  and  when  told  he  was,  said :  "Lieutenant  Bush,  tell  Jose- 
phine (his  wife)  I  have  been  faithful  to  my  God,  faithful  to  my  coun- 
try, and  faithful  to  my  wife."  After  a  few  moments  he  added :  "No  one 
can  die  too  young  if  loving  Christ  he  dies  for  his  country."  After  a  short 
interval  he  manifested  great  restlessness  and  said :  "Turn  me  over." 
And  when  asked  by  his  Aide  which  way,  he  replied,  his  voice  growing 
strong  for  the  efifort,  "Toward  the  enemy,  let  me  die  with  my  face  to 
the  foe."  Then  with  an  appealing  look,  he  said :  "Pray  for  me,  Lieuten- 
ant." And  as  the  young  Aide  whispered  a  prayer  in  his  ear,  kneeling  at 
his  side,  the  General  won  his  final  victory,  fulfilling  his  oft-repeated 
promise  that  "he  loved  his  country  and  would  willingly  die  for  her  if 
called  to  do  so." 

Lieutenant  Bush  was  detailed  to  convey  the  remains  to  where  the 
funerals,  private  and  military,  in  New  York  and  Albany,  took  place. 

A  funeral  of  General  Rice  was  held  in  Madison  Square  Presbyte- 
rian Church,  New  York  City.  When  the  services  were  announced  to 
begin  the  church  was  crowded  to  its  utmost  capacity,  and  many  people 
came  who  were  unable  to  gain  admittance.  The  bearers  consisted  of  Maj. 
Genl.  Dix  and  other  prominent  military  officers  and  citizens.  The  Rev. 
Dr.  William  Adams,  pastor  of  the  church,  delivered  an  eloquent  and 
patriotic  discourse  in  the  course  of  which  he  said :  "The  scene  needs 
no  mortal  voice  for  its  interpretation.  All  common  speech  would  but 
disturb  as  by  an  impertinence  the  solemn  and  sublime  sympathies  of  the 
hour.  We  bend  over  the  bier  of  a  true,  brave  and  Christian  soldier. 
He  died  in  the  discharge  of  his  duty  in  the  front  of  battle.     Six  years 


EDWARD  A.  KINNEY. 

Edward  A.  Kinney  was  born  Nov.  14,  1841.  Enlisted  in  44th  N.  Y. 
Vol.  Inf.  Sept.  30,  1861.  Was  discharged  March  7,  1863  to  accept 
promotion.  Was  commissioned  2d  Lieut,  in  the  99th  N.  Y.  Vol.  Inf., 
was  mustered  in  as  2d  Lieut,  at  Suffolk,  Va.,  May  i,  1863  and  on  May 
2,  1864  was  mustered  in  as  ist  Lieut,  of  the  same  regiment  at  New- 
bern.  N.  C.  On  April  25,  1865.  at  Raleigh,  N.  C,  was  discharged  by 
reason  of  end  of  war. 

While  a  member  of  the  44th  N.  Y.,  he  participated  in  all  of  the  en- 
gagements of  the  regiment,  except  Second  Bull  Run.  At  the  time  of 
his  discharge  he  was  Corporal,  and  was  twice  "jumped?'  for  promotion 
to  Sergeant  by  reason  of  favoritism  of  Col.  Rice;  (I  think  Capt  Bourne 
can  substantiate  this). 

Capt.  Bourne  was  as  square  a  man  as  there  was  in  the  regiment 
regardless  of  a  thrashing  he  once  gave  Kinney  in  a  personal  encounter 
while  Bourne  was  ist  Sergt.  While  a  member  of  the  99th  N.  Y.  he 
participated  in  all  of  its  engagements  which  were  few,  as  the  regiment 
was  mostly  in  garrison  duty. 


THE  NEW  YORK 
POBLICLIBrARYl 


ASTOK,  LENOX 
riLDEN  FOUNDATIONS 


JkOi.^^iSSM^Tg^SaffiTI' 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      225 

(Chap.  XXI.  Gov.  Seymotu's  Annonncement.  May  14,  1864] 

ago  this  coming  June  he  stood  in  this  very  place  and  made  confession  of 
the  holy  name  of  Christ.  Here  he  partook  of  his  first  communion. 
Eighteen  months  ago  he  stood  before  this  altar  and  was  married  to  her 
whose  early  widowhood  was  suffused  by  no  ordinary  measure  of  grat- 
itude and  pride — the  gold  and  crimson  on  the  edge  of  the  thunder  cloud. 
Today  in  this  very  spot,  which  I  believe  of  all  others  he  would  have 
chosen  we  lay  his  remains  on  their  way  to  an  honored  grave.  The 
cause  itself  is  eloquent,  patriotism  is  eloquent,  religion  is  eloquent,  death 
is  eloquent.  Who  of  us  would  not  rather  today  be  sleeping  within  that 
coffin,  with  the  beautiful  emblem  of  our  nationality  over  us,  than  to  be 
walking  the  earth,  having  upon  his  conscience  the  tremendous  guilt  of 
having  inaugurated  this  wicked  rebellion  against  the  best  government 
on  which  the  sun  of  heaven  ever  shone." 

As  a  mark  of  respect  Gov.  Seymour  issued  the  following  order : 

"General  Headquarters,  State  of  New  York. 

Albany,  May  14th,  1864. 
"General  Order  No.  — . 

I  announce  with  pain  the  loss  of  General  James  C.  Rice. 
Young,  brave,  ardent,  enthusiastic,  he  engaged  in  the  support  of  the 
flag  of  his  country  and  in  the  suppression  of  the  rebellion  against  the 
constitutional  authority,  as  a  duty  demanding  the  devotion  of  body  and 
soul  and  the  willing  sacrifice  of  life. 

Ever  faithful  to  his  trust,  he  was  the  gallant  leader  of  his  command, 
and  in  the  midst  of  a  brilliant  career,  he  fell  upon  the  battle-field,  leaving 
to  his  companions  in  arms,  to  his  friends  and  his  country,  a  character  of 
unsullied  christian  patriotism. 

As  a  mark  of  respect  to  his  memory  the  national  flag  will  be  dis- 
played at  half  staff  on  the  Capitol  and  upon  all  the  arsenals  of  the  State 
on  Monday  the  i6th  inst. 

Horatio  Seymour, 
Governor  and  Commander  in  Chief." 
"J.  I.  Johnson,  A.  A.  A.  G." 

After  the  funeral  in  New  York  his  remains  were  borne  to  Albany. 
They  were  met  at  the  station  by  a  military  escort  and  conveyed  to  the 
residence  of  his  brother,  William  A.  Rice,  where  a  private  funeral  was 
held  which  was  attended  by  a  large  number  of  friends,  together  with 
many  distinguished  citizens.  The  services  were  conducted  by  Rev.  Dr. 
Ray  Palmer,  who  delivered  an  eloquent  and  appropriate  address. 

His  body  was  then  taken  to  the  Capitol  where  it  lay  in  state  until 
five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon,  when  a  procession  was  formed  and  it  was 
conveyed  to  the  beautiful  cemetery,  escorted  by  the  25th  regiment,  Col. 
Church  commanding,  Governor  Seymour  and  his  staff  in  uniform,  mem- 
bers of  the  city  government,  friends  of  the  deceased  and  a  large  con- 
course of  people.  At  the  cemetery  Dr.  Palmer  delivered  another  fitting 
and  touching  address,  closing  with  the  following  inspiring  stanzas  written 
by  himself: 


226       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XXI.  Tributes  to  Gen.  Rice.  May  14, 1864] 

Rest,  soldier,  rest,  thy  weary  task  is  done, 
Thy  God — thy  country — thou  hast  served  them  well: 

Thine  is  true  glory,  glory  bravely  won; 
On  lips  of  men  unborn  thy  name  shall  dwell. 

Rest,  Patriot-Christian,  thou  hast  early  died. 

But  days  are  measured  best  by  noble  deeds ; 
Brief  though  thy  course,  thy  name  thou  hast  allied 

To  those  of  whom  the  world,  admiring,  reads. 

Rest,  manly  form.     Eternal  love  shall  keep 
Thy  still  repose  till  breaks  the  final  dawn. 

Our  Martyr  stays  not  here — He  knows  no  sleep 
On  death's  dark  shadows  burst  a  cloudless  morn. 

Live !    Live  on  Fame's  bright  scroll,  heroic  friend. 

Thy  memory  now  we  to  her  record  give, 
To  earth,  thy  dust,  our  thoughts  to  Heaven  ascend 

Where  with  the  mortals  thou  dost  live. 

As  the  sun  was  going  down  a  volley  was  fired  over  his  grave,  his 
escort  departed,  and  Brigadier  General  James  Clay  Rice,  "was  left  alone 
in  his  glory." 

Brigadier  General  Rice  was  a  noble  type  of  the  volunteer  soldier. 
Before  the  war  he  had  had  no  military  training.  While  the  country 
was  at  peace  he  was  not  attracted  by  the  glamour  of  military  pageantry. 
The  cause  of  his  country  rather  than  the  allurements  of  a  military 
career  was  the  incentive  that  induced  him  to  lay  aside  his  chosen  pro- 
fession and  follow  the  flag.  Imbued  by  a  lofty  patriotism  he  responded 
to  the  first  call  to  arms  and  never  faltered  in  the  discharge  of  his  whole 
duty.  Nurtured  in  the  sunlight  of  Christian  environments,  he  was 
prompt  to  resist  with  his  whole  power  the  encroachments  of  armed 
legions  assailing  the  life  of  the  Republic. 

The  cause  of  his  country,  under  the  guidance  of  an  all  wise  Provi- 
dence, was  the  incentive,  the  grand  Forty-Fourth  New  York  Volun- 
teers furnished  the  opportunity,  and  his  own  undaunted  soul  added 
the  crowning  glory.  This  sketch  would  be  incomplete  without  adding 
the  beautiful  stanzas  written  by  his  admiring  friend  J.  G.  Holland. 

To  the  Memory  of  my  Friend  Brigadier  General  James  C.  Rice. 

Moaning  upon  the  bloody  plain, 
The  young  and  gallant  soldier  lay. 
And  from  his  failing  heart  and  brain. 
The  life  was  ebbing  swift  away. 

The  restlessness  of  death  was  there, 
The  weariness  that  longed  for  rest, 
The  beaded  brow,  the  matted  hair. 
The  hurried  pulse,  the  heaving  breast. 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      227 

[Chap.  XXI.  Tribute  to  Gen.  Rice.  May  14,  1864] 

"Turn  me"  he  said,  "that  I  may  die 
Face  to  the  foe,"  and  ready  hands 
And  loyal  hearts  were  waiting  by 
To  execute  his  last  commands. 

Facing  the  enemy  he  died, 

A  hero  in  his  latest  breath, 

And  now  with  mingled  love  and  pride, 

I  weep  and  boast  his  glorious  death. 

No  braver  words  than  these,  my  friend. 
Have  ever  sealed  a  soldier's  tongue. 
No  nobler  words  has  history  penned, 
No  finer  words  hath  poet  sung. 

The  oak  that  breaks  beneath  the  blast, 
Or  falls  before  the  woodman's  strokes, 
Spreads  by  its  fall  the  ripened  mast 
That  holds  in  germ  a  thousand  oaks. 

And  in  the  words  thy  death  hath  strewn, 
More  than  thy  fallen  life  survives. 
For  o'er  the  nation  they  are  sown, 
Seeds  for  a  thousand  noble  lives. 


228     44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


CHAPTER  XXII. 
ITINERARY  OF  THE  FORTY-FOURTH  REG.  N.  Y.  VOL.  INF. 

1861 

August  8th — Day  set  for  assembling  in  Albany;  time  spent  in  organ- 
izing. 

October  i8th — A  practice  march  in  Albany;  21st,  regiment  left  bar- 
racks to  go  to  the  front ;  22nd,  reached  New  York  by  boat ;  24th, 
arrived  in  and  left  Philadelphia;  2Sth,  reached  Washington, 
marched  past  the  White  House  and  late  in  the  afternoon  marched 
to  Kalorama  Heights;  28th,  review  by  Gen.  McCIellan  and 
march  to  Halls  Hill.    Spent  winter  of  1861-2  at  Halls  Hill. 

1862. 

March  loth — Left  winter  quarters,  passed  through  Fairfax  and  marched 
to  Centreville;  nth,  marched  back  to  Fairfax;  isth,  marched  to 
Alexandria;  21st,  marched  to  Boat  Landing;  22nd,  left  Alex- 
andria by  boats;  23d,  arrived  at  Fortress  Monroe;  24th,  reached 
Hampton;  2Sth,  marched  to  near  New  Market  Bridge;  27th, 
reconnaissance  to  Big  Bethel. 

April  4th — Advance  of  the  army  up  the  Peninsula;  Howards  Mills 
reached;  sth,  march  resumed  to  near  Yorktown.  The  Siege  of 
Yorktown. 

May  4th — Marched  into  Yorktown.  Garrisoned  Yorktown;  19th,  took 
transports  for  White  House;  26th,  arrived  at  a  point  near  New 
Bridge;  27th,  marched  to  and  took  part  in  battle  of  Hanover 
C.  H. ;  29th,  returned  to  camp  at  Gaines  Mills ;  30th,  marched 
to  bank  of  Chickahominy  ready  to  cross  and  attack  the  works 
of  the  enemy  on  the  south  side.     In  camp  near  Gaines  Mills. 

June  26th — Marched  to  support  of  troops  engaged  at  the  battle  of 
Mechanicsville ;  27th,  marched  back  to  Gaines  Mills  and  took 
part  in  the  battle  at  that  place.  Same  evening  retreated  across 
the  Chickahominy;  28th,  went  on  picket,  then  marched  to  Savage 
Station;  29th,  had  an  all  night's  march  on  a  wrong  road;  30th, 
marched  to  and  was  present  at  the  engagements  of  Turkey 
Bridge  and  White  Oak  Swamp. 

July  1st — Engaged  in  the  battle  of  Malvern  Hill;  2nd,  marched  to 
Harrison's  Landing.     Remained  in  camp  until  Aug.  4th. 

August  4th — Crossed  the  James  river  after  being  shelled ;  9th,  recrossed 
the  river;  14th,  fifth  corps  broke  camp  and  moved  about  one- 
half  mile;  15th,  started  at  an  early  hour,  crossed  the  Chicka- 
hominy and  halted;  i6th,  marched  to  Williamsburg  and  halted; 


EDWARD  P..  KNOX. 

Born  at  Eastport.  Main-,  in  1S38.  P)esidcs  liis  service  in  the  44th 
N.  Y.  V.  I.,  as  slinwn  liy  the  Roster,  liie  did  considerable  service  in 
both  the  regular  arm}*  and  militia. 

He  came  to  Chicago  in  1855  and  shortly  after  became  an  intimate 
friend  of  Col.  Ellsworth  and  when  the  U.  S.  Zouave  Cadets  were  or- 
ganized by  him.  he  was  made  Sergeant  of  this  famous  company.  He 
was  an  enthusiastic  member  and  participated  diligently  in  all  its  work. 
He  accompanied  this  organization  on  its  famous  tour  of  the  principal 
cities  of  the  Union  made  in  the  year  i860  when  Col.  Ellsworth  or- 
ganized a  regiment  from  the  Volunteer  Fire  Department  of  Xew  York 
City  and  tendered  it  to  the  (Government  in  response  to  President  Lin- 
coln's call  for  75.000  men.  Major  Knox  was  appointed  Lieutenant  and 
served  with  that  regiment  up  to  about  the  time  the  44th  was  organized, 
having  participated  in  the  first  battle  of  Bull  Run. 

After  the  war  he  held  rank  in  the  regular  army  for  some  time. 
On  his  return  to  Chicago  he  served  with  the  ist  Regiment  Illinois 
National   Guard  and  was  finally  promoted  to  be  its  Colonel. 

He  died  in  Chicago,  April  9.  1800. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      229 

(Chap.  XXn.  Itinerary.  1862] 

17th,  marched  to  Yorktown  and  bivouacked  on  old  camp  ground; 
i8th,  marched  to  Hampton;  19th,  marched  to  Newport  News 
and  embarked;  20th,  arrived  at  Acquia  Creek  and  took  cars 
to  Falmouth ;  22nd,  took  up  march  up  the  Rappahannock ;  26th, 
Kellys  Ford  reached ;  27th,  moved  to  Bealton  Station ;  28th, 
marched  to  Warrenton  Junction ;  29th,  marched  to  Groveton ; 
30th,  marched  to  the  battle  field,  fought  the  battle  of  Second 
Bull  Run  and  marched  to  Centreville. 

September  2nd — Marched  to  Halls  Hill;  5th,  marched  to  Alexandria 
Seminary;  9th,  moved  to  Fort  Corcoran;  12th,  the  Fifth  Corps 
passed  through  Washington  and  took  the  road  through  Rock- 
ville  to  Frederick;  14th,  reached  the  Monocacy  two  miles  from 
Frederick;  15th,  passed  through  Frederick  and  camped  near 
Middletown;  i6th,  march  resumed  to  Antietam  battle  field;  17th, 
took  position  on  battle  field  to  right  of  Antietam  Bridge;  i8th, 
our  division  crossed  Antietam  Creek  and  relieved  the  Ninth 
Corps ;  19th,  moved  to  Shepherdstown  Ferry ;  20th,  started  to 
cross  the  Potomac  but  were  driven  back. 

October  7th — Moved  to  Antietam,  junction  of  Antietam  Creek  and 
the  Potomac.  New  Companies  C  and  E  joined  the  regiment 
on  the  14th  and  23d;  30th,  marched  to  near  Harpers  Ferry; 
31st,  marched  through  Harpers  Ferry  and  eight  miles  beyond. 

November  2nd — Marched  upon  Blue  Ridge ;  remained  three  days ;  Sth, 
rejoined  the  brigade  at  Snickers  Gap;  9th,  daily  marches  brought 
the  command  to  Warrenton;  loth,  General  McClellan  relieved  of 
command  of  the  army;  12th,  General  Porter  leaves  the  army; 
remained  in  camp  five  days;  17th,  broke  camp  and  proceeded 
by  daily  marches  on  Fredericksburg  campaign ;  26th,  reached 
Stonemans    Switch ;    remained  in   camp. 

December  nth — Fifth  Corps  moved  to  heights  opposite  Fredericks- 
burg; I2th,  marched  nearer  the  city;  13th,  advanced  to  the  as- 
sault in  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg;  14th,  in  line  on  the  battle 
field  and  returned  to  city  after  dark;  15th,  returned  again  to  the 
front;  i6th,  acted  as  rear  guard  of  the  army  and  returned  to 
Stonemans  Switch;  remained  in  camp;  30th,  reconnaissance  to 
Richards  Ford. 

1863. 

January  ist — Returned  to  camp  from  Richards  Ford;  Sth,  Fifth  Corps 
reviewed ;  i6th,  new  flag  presented ;  20th,  marched  about  two  miles ; 
22nd,  marched  about  two  miles  more ;  it  was  the  Mud  March. 
24th,  returned  to  camp;  25th,  Gen.  Burnside  relieved  of  com- 
mand of  the  army  at  his  own  request  and  Gen.  Hooker  ap- 
pointed.    In  camp  awaiting  events. 

April  27th — ^Left  camp  and  marched  to  Hartwood  Church;  28th, 
marched  to  a  point  near  Kellys  Ford;  29th,  crossed  Rappahan- 
nock at  Kellys  Ford  and  forded  Rapidan  at  Elys  Ford;  30th, 
advanced  to  Chancellorsville. 


230       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

[Chap.  XXn.  Itinerary.  1863] 

May  1st — Fifth  Corps  moved  down  the  river  to  near  Banks  Ford  and 
was  recalled.  The  battle  of  Chancellorsville ;  2nd,  took  new 
position  nearer  U.  S.  Ford;  3d,  Fifth  Corps  took  new  position 
right  centre  of  general  line;  remained  in  position  4th  and  5th; 
6th,  crossed  river  at  U.  S.  Ford ;  acted  as  rear  guard ;  returned 
to  Stonemans  Switch ;  in  camp ;  20th,  moved  camp  about  two 
miles ;  23d,  marched  to  Banks  Ford. 

June  4th — Marched  to  Grove  Church;  5th,  marched  to  Ellis  Ford; 
gth,  marched  to  Kempers  Ford;  13th,  marched  to  Morrisville; 
14th,  marched  to  Catlett  Station;  15th,  marched  to  Manassas 
Junction;  17th,  marched  to  Gum  Springs;  19th,  marched  to 
Aldie;  21st,  battle  of  Aldie;  22nd,  after  pursuing  the  enemy 
returned  to  Aldie ;  26th,  marched  to  Poolsville,  Md. ;  27th, 
marched  to  near  Frederick  City.  Gen.  Hooker  resigned  com- 
mand. Gen.  Meade  appointed;  29th,  marched  through  Fred- 
erick City  and  bivouacked  between  Liberty  and  Johnsville ;  30th, 
marched  to  Union  Mills. 

July  1st — Marched  to  Hanover,  thence  to  within  three  or  four  miles  of 
Gettysburg;  2nd,  marched  to  Gettysburg.  The  battle  of  Gettys- 
burg; 3d,  brigade  moved  from  Little  Round  Top  to  left  center; 
4th,  remained  in  same  position ;  no  fighting ;  5th,  reconnaissance ; 
returned  and  marched  to  Marsh  Creek;  6th,  moved  one-half 
mile;  7th,  marched  to  about  five  miles  from  Frederick  City; 
8th,  marched  to  Middletown ;  9th,  marched  to  near  Boonsboro ; 
loth,  marched  to  and  engaged  at  Jones  Crossroads;  nth,  the 
whole  army  advanced  in  line;  12th,  the  army  advanced  as  yes- 
terday; remained  in  position  but  did  not  attack;  isth,  marched 
to  near  Burketsville ;  i6th,  marched  to  near  Berlin;  17th,  crossed 
the  Potomac  and  marched  to  Lovettsville ;  20th,  daily  marches 
made  and  Upperville  reached ;  23rd,  marched  to  Manassas  Gap. 
In  reserve  to  Third  Corps;  24th,  relieved  Third  Corps  on  front 
line;  25th,  engagement  of  Wapping  Heights.  Moved  back  two 
miles ;  27th,  by  daily  marches  reached  point  three  miles  south 
of  Warrenton ;  remained  several  days. 

August  4th — Marched  to  Bealton. 

September  loth — Marched  to  near  Culpepper. 

October  loth — Reconnaissance  to  the  Rapidan;  nth,  marched  to  rear; 
crossed  Rappahannock  at  Beverly  Ford;  12th,  recrossed  river 
and  advanced  in  line;  13th,  marched  to  rear  again,  crossed  river 
and  halted  at  Catlett  Station;  14th,  again  marched  to  rear  and 
bivouacked  at  Bull  Run  Creek;  15th,  again  marched  to  rear  and 
halted  at  Fairfax;  i6th,  advanced  to  near  Centreville;  i8th, 
marched  back  to  Fairfax,  thence  to  Hunters  Mills;  19th,  ad- 
vanced over  Bull  Run  battle  field  and  halted  near  Groveton; 
20th,  marched  to  New  Baltimore;  23rd,  marched  to  near  War- 
renton; 24th,  moved  five  miles  and  halted;  25th,  moved  again; 
30th,  moved  to  near  Warrenton  Junction ;  remained  here. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      231 

[Chap.  XXn.  Itinerary.  1863] 

November  7th — Marched  to  and  fought  battle  of  Rappahannock  Sta- 
tion; 8th,  marched  to  Kellys  Ford,  crossed  and  marched  two 
miles;  9th,  recrossed  river  and  moved  back  about  one  mile;  loth, 
moved  back  into  woods;  remained  here;  19th,  crossed  Kellys 
Ford  and  marched  two  miles  beyond;  remained  here;  24th, 
marched  two  miles,  rained  and  returned  to  same  place;  26th, 
moved  to  front,  crossed  Rapidan  and  continued  several  miles; 
27th,  marched  to  Coopers  Church;  28th,  marched  to  Robinsons 
Tavern ;  battle  of  Mine  Run ;  in  line  awaiting  order  to  attack. 

December  3d — Marched  to  rear  and  went  into  camp  North  of  Rap- 
pahannock river;  remained  here. 

1864 

January  24th — Moved  by  train  to  Alexandria;  remained  here  on  duty 
guarding  trains. 

April  29th — Moved  by  rail  to  Rappahannock  Station,  thence  marched 
to  Beverly  Ford. 

May  1st — Marched  to  near  Brandy  Station;  3d,  marched  to  near 
Culpepper  C.  H. ;  started  in  night,  made  an  all  night  march ; 
crossed  Rapidan  at  Germanna  Ford ;  4th,  marched  to  Old  Wilder- 
ness Tavern;  5th,  battle  of  Wilderness;  7th,  made  an  all  night 
march  to  Laurel  Hill ;  battle  fought  there ;  engaged  in  line  of 
battle ;  position  changed  several  times ;  13th,  night  march  to 
Spottsylvania ;  in  engagement  here;  17th,  new  position  taken  far- 
ther to  front;  position  not  changed;  21st,  withdrew  from  line 
moved  to  the  left  via  Guiney  Station ;  continued  march  until 
after  dark;  23d,  North  Anna  reached  and  crossed  at  Jericho 
Ford;  battle  of  North  Anna;  24th,  advanced  to  Noel  Station; 
25th,  Fifth  Corps  again  advanced  to  proximity  of  Rebel  line; 
26th,  troops  made  a  night  march  recrossing  N.  Anna  river  and 
halted  at  Mangohick;  28th,  crossed  Pamunkey  at  Hanovertown 
and  halted  about  two  miles  therefrom;  29th,  march  resumed  at 
early  hour  to  Totopotomoy  Creek;  30th,  marched  to  Bethesda 
Church ;    engagement   fought. 

June  1st — Marched  to  Cold  Harbor;  battle  fought;  7th,  marched  to 
Bottom  Bridge;  13th,  crossed  the  Chickahominy ;  camped  at 
Charles  City  C.  H. ;  15th,  camped  near  James  River ;  i6th,  crossed 
James  River  at  Wilcox  Ferry  and  marched  in  direction  of 
Petersburg. 

July  7th — Moved  to  the  left  600  yards ;  i8th,  confederate  works  as- 
saulted ;  30th,  Petersburg  mine  explosion. 

August  i8th — Marched  to  and  fought  battle  of  Weldon  Railroal ;  en- 
gaged  holding  position., 

September  24th — Marched  to  City  Point,  thence  by  boat  to  Washington, 
thence  by  cars  to  Albany. 

ITINERARY    OF    44TH    BATTALION,    N.    Y.    VOLS. 

Organized  into  four  companies,  A,  B,  C,  E,  by  G.  O.  No.  36.  Hd.  Qrs. 
44th  N.  Y.  Vols.    Sep.  23,  1864. 


232       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

(Chap.  XXTT.  Itinerary.  1864] 

Sep.  30,  1864 — Marched  at  7  A.  M.  through  some  woods  to  the  left 
of  the  army  to  an  open  field  at  11  A.  M.  near  Poplar  Grove 
Church,  Peeble's  farm,  where  enemy's  fort  and  line  of  jntrench- 
ments  could  be  seen;  advanced  with  Third  Brigade  about  noon 
and  captured  Fort  McRae  and  line  of  intrenchments. 

Oct.  2 — Advanced  a  few  hundred  yards  and  made  new  line  of  in- 
trenchments. 

Oct.  6 — Ordered  to  report  to  Gen.  Frederick  Winthrop  commanding 
First  brigade.  Second  division,  Fifth  Corps,  in  line  of  battle  a 
few  miles  to  the  right. 

Oct.  8 — Gen.  Winthrop's  brigade  moved  forward  to  reconnoiter  and 
after  driving  in  the  enemies  pickets  returned  to  camp. 

Oct.  11-12. — The  44th  battalion  was  consolidated  with  the  140th  and 
146th  N.  Y.  Vols,  in  accordance  with  Special  Orders  No.  275. 
Extract  2.    Hd.  Qrs.  Army  of  the  Potomac.    Oct.  11,  1864. 


LUCIUS    SHERMAN    LARRABEE. 

The  son  of  Lucius  Calender  Larrabee  was  born  at  Ticonderoga,  N.  Y.,  July 
29,  1837.  He  lived  at  this  historic  place  with  his  father  and  sister,  his  mother 
having  died  when  he  was  at  the  age  of  three  years.  When  about  eleven  years 
old  he  removed  with  his  sister's  family  to  Albany.  N.  Y.,  where  he  remained 
for  several  years.  At  the  age  of  fifteen  years  he  took  up  his  residence  in  Chicago 
with  his  brother,  Mr.  Charles  R.  Larrabee,  an  old  and  respected  citizen  of  that 
city. 

He  became  a  member  of  Colonel  Ellsworth's  United  States  Zouave  Cadets 
soon  after  its  oiganization  in  1859  and  accompanied  it  when  it  made  its  famous 
tour    of   the   principal    cities   of   the    North    in    the    year    i860. 

His  Civil  War  service  commenced  in  x\pril.  1861,  when  he  served  as  ist 
Lieutenant  in  the  Chicago  Zouave  regiment.  He  was  commissioned  ist  Lieu- 
tenant in  the  regiment  organized  by  Colonel  Ellsworth  from  the  New  York  Vol 
unteer  Fire  Department,  the  nth  N.  Y.  V.  L,  with  which  he  took  part  in  the 
First  Battle  of  Bull  Run  and  resigned  therefrom  to  enlist  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I., 
in  which  regiment  in  October,   1861,  he  was  commissioned  Captain  of  Company  B. 

Ho  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Groveton,  Va.,  August  30,  1862  and  parti- 
cipated in  all  the  campaigns  and  engagements  of  the  regiment  until  the  Battle  of 
Gettysburg,  where  on  July  2,  1863,  he  was  killed.  His  remains  were  brought  to 
Chicago  and  placed  in  Graceland  Cemetery  where  they  now  repose.  His  funeral 
was  from  St.  James  Episcopal  Church,  of  which  parish  he  had  long  beeri  an  ac- 
tive member.  His  name,  with  others,  is  on  the  memorial  tablet  which  was 
erected  in  the  vestibule  of  this  church,  in  honor  of  the  young  men  who  went  from 
it  to  the  war. 


THE  NEW  YORK 
PUBLIC  LlBr:AR"Y- 

ASTOR,  LENOX 
TILDEN  FOUNDATIONS 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      233 


CHAPTER  XXITI. 


CASUALTIES   IN    BATTLE. 

[Abbreviations: — ^k.,  killed  in  action  or  died  of  wounds;  w.,  wounded; 

c,  captured.] 

Siege  of  Yorktown,  Va. 
April  5   to  May  4,  1862. 


Claghorn,  James  A. 

w. 

Co. 

A 

Guernsey,  Delos  W. 

k. 

" 

H 

Vischer,   Harmon 

w. 

" 

G 

Walker,  Hobart  M. 

w. 

" 

I 

Hanover  Court  House 

Va. 

May  27,   1862. 

Aikens,   John 

k. 

Co. 

F 

Allen,  William  B. 

k. 

« 

G 

Anthony,  Jay  M. 

w. 

" 

A 

Babcock,  Elisha 

w. 

(( 

F 

Bace,  Benjamin 

k. 

« 

F 

Baker,  Edward 

k. 

" 

C 

Barnes.  Addison 

w. 

" 

G 

Barrell,  Charles  L. 

w. 

" 

K 

Blair,  Charles  H. 

w. 

(( 

H 

Brooks,  Seward 

k. 

" 

G 

Burfitt,  Charles  E. 

w. 

" 

B 

Butler,  John 

k. 

« 

G 

Cannady,  Dennis 

w. 

" 

C 

Cary,  William 

w. 

« 

F 

Chandler,  Samuel  W. 

k. 

« 

F 

Chapin,  Edward  P. 

w. 

Major 

Cole,  William  W. 

k. 

« 

A 

Conger,   George   D. 

w. 

« 

A 

Crook,  Warren  D. 

k. 

" 

H 

Dack,  Garret 

k. 

K 

G 

Dailey,  William  J. 

vr. 

« 

H 

Delehanty,  James  P. 

k. 

" 

F 

Densmore,  R.  H. 

w. 

" 

E 

Depuy,  Thomas  B. 

w. 

" 

E 

Dumas,  Moses  A. 

w. 

" 

B 

Dumass,  Moses  H. 

w. 

" 

C 

Dunham,  Josiah 

k. 

" 

F 

Evans,  Jonas 

w. 

« 

G 

Fellows,  Henry 

k. 

" 

G 

Forman,  Orlando  J. 

w. 

« 

F 

Fox,  Jacob 

w. 

Lieut. 

Friar,  Frederick  0. 

w. 

" 

I 

Gilkerson,  Geo.  W. 

w. 

« 

F 

Gould,  James  S. 

w. 

(1 

E 

Graves,  Anthony  G. 

w. 

" 

F 

Griffin,  Abraham  M. 

w. 

(< 

G 

Guernsey,  Theodore 

k. 

« 

G 

Harris,  Jabez 

w. 

It 

H 

Haskell,  Norman 

k. 

Co. 

E 

Hickok,  Franklin  H. 

w. 

" 

H 

Hill,  George  V. 

w. 

" 

G 

Hoes,  Theodore 

vr. 

{( 

C 

Holt,  John  B. 

w. 

« 

G 

Hooker,  Hull 

w. 

« 

H 

Irish,   Oliver  K. 

k. 

it 

A 

Isaacs,  Henry  I. 

w. 

" 

B 

Johnson,   John 

w. 

ti 

K 

Johnson,  Simon  P. 

w. 

" 

E 

Jones,   Luke 

w. 

" 

B 

Knox,  Edward  B. 

w. 

Adj't. 

Lawless,  John  H. 

k. 

" 

E 

Leland,  Lewis  J. 

w. 

" 

F 

Leonard,  John  H. 

w. 

" 

E 

Marshall,  Wm.   D. 

k. 

« 

G 

McClelland,  Wm. 

w. 

" 

F 

McCormick,  Samuel 

w. 

" 

C 

McCutcheon,  James 

w. 

It 

A 

Miller,  Lewis  A. 

k. 

" 

B 

Moffitt,  James 

w. 

tt 

F 

Morse,  Perry 

w. 

tt 

H 

Morse,  Willis 

w. 

tt 

H 

Muncy,  Kenyon  A. 

w. 

" 

H 

Nolan,  William 

k. 

ti 

G 

O'Banks,  George  0. 

w. 

" 

E 

Ostrander,  Philip 

w. 

It 

F 

Partridge,  Eugene 

w. 

« 

C 

Peaslee,  Horace 

k. 

« 

G 

Pitcher,    Henry 

k. 

(( 

E 

Ramsey,  John  A. 

w. 

« 

F 

Roberts,  Wm.   C. 

k. 

« 

F 

Robinson,  John  J. 

k. 

« 

F 

Shove,  John 

w. 

« 

E 

Sitterly,  Martin 

k. 

(( 

C 

Sizer,  John  M. 

w. 

« 

A 

Skillen,   Robert   M. 

w. 

« 

A 

Smith,   Bernard  M. 

w. 

" 

C 

Smith,  Horatio  A. 

w. 

tt 

B 

Stoddard,  Eleazer  B. 

k. 

" 

B 

Thrall,  John  C. 

w. 

" 

G 

Tinkham,  Albert  B. 

w. 

it 

A 

Vanderpool,  Andrew 

k. 

It 

G 

Van  Tromp,  Wm.  H. 

k. 

" 

F 

Van  Zant,  Garret 

k. 

tt 

F 

Weinstein,  Peter     . . 

w. 

tt 

E 

Whiteman,  George  H 

w. 

tt 

G 

Wilday,  Thomas 

k. 

tt 

B 

Williams,  George  T. 

k. 

" 

F 

234       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


Battle  Casualties. 


Wood,  John                     w.    Co.  F 

Woodin,  William  H.     w.      "  G 

Young,  Floyd  D.            k.       "  C 

Young,  James                 k.       "  F 

Gaines'  Mills,  Va. 


June  27,    ] 

[862. 

Baine,  William  I. 

c. 

Co.     K 

Barnard,  George  A. 

w.  &c. 

I 

Becker,  Chris.  R. 

w.  &c. 

Lieut. 

Bender,  Jacob 

w. 

Co.       I 

Block,  William 

w. 

I 

Booth,  John 

k. 

"      K 

Borden,  Wm.  J. 

w. 

"       B 

Boss,  Edward  B. 

w. 

"      K 

Boynton,  Wm.  W. 

w. 

"      H 

Brandt,  Van  Zandt 

c. 

"       F 

Brown,  James 

w. 

"       B 

Brown,  Samuel  C. 

c. 

1 

Burhans,  Henry  N. 

w. 

"      C 

Burke,  John 

k. 

"       F 

Burns,  Charles  A. 

c. 

"       B 

Clement,  James  H. 

k. 

"       D 

Coburn,  James  M. 

w. 

"       B 

Grain,  Lyman  C. 

c. 

"      D 

Dodson,  George  P. 

w. 

"      K 

Dougall,  James  S. 

c. 

"      H 

Dowd,  Sidney 

k. 

"      D 

Fitch,  Isaac  P. 

w.  &  c. 

"       D 

Foster,   George  T. 

w. 

"      C 

Gardner,  Wm.  F. 

c. 

"      H 

Gaskill,  Chas.   B. 

w.  &  c. 

Lieut. 

Gilbert,  Louis  P. 

c. 

"       FI 

Grannis,  Charles  D. 

c. 

"      t[ 

Hammond,  H.  E. 

w.  &c. 

"       A 

Hardenburg,  Jacob 

w.  &c. 

"       C 

Harlow,  John  R. 

w. 

"       B 

Hickok,  Salmon  H. 

c. 

"       C 

Hooker,  Hull 

k. 

"      H 

King,  Nathaniel 

w. 

"      C 

Knowlton,  Julian 

c. 

"       A 

Lockley,  John  A. 

k. 

"      K 

Lucas,  John 

k. 

"       A 

Lynch,  James 

w. 

"      G 

Marvin,  Benj.  F. 

k. 

"      D 

McMahon,   William 

c. 

"       A 

McRoberts,    Alex. 

w.  &c 

Capt. 

Morgan,  Albert 

w. 

"       E 

Persons,   Franklin 

c. 

"      H 

Quackenbush,  Isaac 

w. 

"       B 

Ransborough,  Joseph     k. 

"      A 

Reese,  James  H. 

w. 

"       B 

Reid,  Alex.  I. 

w. 

"      K 

Roe,  James  E. 

c. 

"       E 

Russell,  James  H. 

w. 

"       C 

Ryan,  John 

k. 

"      E 

Satterly,  Jerome  B 

c. 

"       B 

Smith,  George  C. 

k. 

"      K 

Storrs,  William 

k. 

"       C 

Stearns,  Tyler  B.            w.    Co.  A 

Steel,    Samuel             w.  &  c.  "  H 

Taylor,  John  N.         w.&c.  "  K 

Teeling,  Rufus  A.         c.      "  G 

Thomas,  Judson  P.        k.      "  K 

Van  Alstyne,  Peter       c.       "  G 
Vanderlip,  Wm.  L.  w.  &  c.     Capt. 

Warner,  Corydon  O.     c.       "  H 

Wood,  Henry                  w.      "  B 

Savage  Station,  Va. 

June  29  and  30,  1862. 

Anthes,  Jacob  W.  c.       Lieut. 

Brayton,  John  c     Co.     G 

Kelley   Harrison  c.       Lieut. 

Malvern  Hill,  Va. 


July  I,   1862. 

Adsit,  Henry  H. 

w. 

Co. 

A 

Badgley,  Samuel  D. 

k. 

" 

K 

Bender,  Jacob 

k. 

" 

I 

Bennett,    Edward 

w. 

(1 

F 

Bennett,  Ferdinand  w 

.&c 

" 

A 

Blasdell,  Herman  M. 

w. 

(( 

H 

Bomas,  James  W. 

w. 

i( 

I 

Boynton,  Walworth  W.  w. 

« 

D 

Boynton,   Wm.    W. 

w. 

i< 

H 

Brandle,  Joseph 

w. 

it 

A 

Brayton,   Erastus  C. 

w. 

« 

B 

Brown,  James  H.       w.  &  c 

" 

G 

Brown,  William  H. 

c. 

« 

D 

Bryant,  Henry  T. 

w. 

(< 

D 

Buck,   Halsey  D. 

w. 

« 

K 

Burfitt,  Charles   E. 

w. 

" 

B 

Burke,  Marcus  D. 

w. 

<( 

K 

Burnham,  Ashbell  W. 

w. 

" 

K 

Carter,    Amos 

w. 

« 

C 

Chapman,   George  H. 

w. 

" 

G 

Chubbuck,  Walter  L. 

w. 

K 

A 

Clark,  Paul  B. 

w. 

" 

K 

Collier,   Peter 

w. 

11 

I 

Comstock,  Albert 

w. 

" 

I 

Cook,  Elisha  A. 

w. 

" 

B 

Cook,   Sylvester  A. 

w. 

" 

K 

Craig,  Wm.   F. 

k. 

" 

A 

Cross,   Alonzo  W. 

k. 

" 

H 

Curtis,  James   P. 

w. 

" 

C 

Darbee,   John   H. 

k. 

(( 

H 

Davis,   Daniel  J. 

k. 

" 

C 

Delong,   Guy   C. 

k. 

« 

B 

Delong,   Sylvester 

w. 

" 

B 

Eckler,  Abram 

k. 

l( 

I 

Engram,  Anson 

w. 

« 

D 

Esmay,  Moses  H. 

w. 

« 

K 

Fosmire,    Edgar 

w. 

« 

B 

French,  Charles  R. 

k. 

" 

I 

Gail,  James  T. 

w. 

« 

H 

Gallagher,  Hugh 

w. 

" 

B 

44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      235 


Battle  Casualties. 


Galpin,  Henry  M.  w. 

Gates,    George  w. 

Groat,  George  S.  k. 
Hammond.  John  M.      k. 

Harlow,    John    R.  w. 

Hasbrouck,  Mihon  w. 

Heavner,  Harrison  w.  &  c. 
Hitchcock,  James  B.     w. 
Holmes,  George  M.    w  &  c. 

Jones,  Luke  w. 

Judson,  Hiram  A.  k. 

Kizer,  Adam  w. 

Lane,  William  F.  w. 

Lewis,  William  E.  w. 

Longwell,  Wm.   H.  w. 

Mason,  John  B.  w. 

Mattoon,  W.  V.  R.  k. 

McEwen.   Daniel  w. 

Miller,  William  A.  k. 

Mittmesser,  Joseph  k. 

Montague,   H.  w.  &  c. 

Moore,  John  R.  c. 

Muncy,  Andrew  J.  k. 

Murphy,  William  w. 

Myers,  Jerome  k. 

Nellis,  Adelbert  D.  w. 
Northrup,  Edward  B.  w. 

Phillips,   Amos  w. 

Price,  Theophilus  k. 

Putnam,  Frank  k. 

Race,  Michael  k. 

Rice,   Henry  T.  w. 

Rice,  Horace  N.  w.  &  c. 

Russell,    Isaac  w. 

Schutt,  Frank  B.  w. 
Shaffer,  A.    Webster   w. 

Shaffner,   David  k. 

Shaw,  McEndree  w.  &c. 

Shepard,  James  G.  w. 

Shepard,  James  M.  w.  &c. 

Slater,  Levi  k. 

Smith.  Henry  C.  w. 

Spry,  George  H.  c. 

Spry,  James  E.  w. 

Stearns,  Tyler  B.  w. 

Stevens,   John   G.  w. 

Stormes,  James  B.  w. 

Story,   Robert  k. 

Sweet,  James  k. 

Taylor,  Andrew  J.  w. 
Van  Patten,  John  E.     k. 


Wagner,  John  H.  w.  &  c. 

Walker,  Hobart  M.  w.  &  c. 

Walker,   Seth   A.  w. 

Wallace,    Spencer  w. 

Westfall,    Wesley  k. 

Wigg,   Henry  D.  w. 

Wilson,  Albert  C.  w. 

Wilson,  Harvey  L.  w. 

Wood,    Henry  w. 


Co.  B 

"  A 

"  B 

"  B 

"  B 

"  E 

"  C 

"  K 

"  G 

"  B 

"  B 

"  H 

"  D 

"  K 

"  D 

"  A 

"  F 

"  F 

"  B 

"  H 

'  D 

'  D 

'  H 

'  F 

'  A 

'  B 

'  B 

'  B 

I 

'  A 

I 

'  H 

'  C 

'  C 

"  G 
Capt. 

'  A 

'  D 

1 

'  A 

F 

'  A 

'  D 

'  D 

'  A 

'  D 

'  A 

'  F 

'  D 

*  E 
'  K 

•  C 
I 

'  B 

'  D 

'  G 

'  E 

'  D 

'  A 

'  B 


Woods,  William  w.    Co.     A 

Woodworth,  C.  A.  w.  &  c.     Lieut. 
Young,  Samuel  C.        w.      "       A 

Groveton    and    Second   Bull 
Run,  Va. 

Aug.  29  and  30,  1862. 


Babcock,  Chapin       w 

.&c. 

Co.     A 

Ballou,   Charles  F. 

c. 

I 

Bennett,  Edward 

w. 

"       F 

Bevier,  Isaac 

w. 

"      E 

Blackmar,  Jacob 

w. 

"      B 

Blair,  Charles  H. 

w. 

"      H 

Brandle,  Joseph 

k. 

"       A 

Buck,  Halsey 

w. 

"      K 

Case,  James   B. 

w. 

"      K 

Champlain,  James  H. 

w. 

"      A 

Conklin,  Ira 

k. 

"       E 

Cupp,    Wm. 

k. 

"       A 

Damms,  James 

w. 

"      G 

Darling,  Leonard  D. 

k. 

"      H 

Dearstyne,    Sylvester 

k. 

"       F 

Dorn,  John  H. 

c. 

"      K 

Dougall,  James  S.     w.  &  c 

"      H 

Dowe,  James  W. 

w. 

"      A 

Downing,  John 

w. 

"       F 

Eckerson,  William     w.  &  c 

I 

Evans,  King  D. 

c. 

"       D 

Fikes,  David 

w. 

"       G 

Frederick,  Edward 

k. 

"      G 

Frink,  Prentiss  S. 

c. 

"      D 

Gallagher,  Hugh 

w. 

"      B 

Gibbs,  Charles   W.  w 

.&c. 

Lieut. 

Goold,  James  S. 

w. 

"       B 

Gordon,  David 

w. 

"       E 

Graves,  Anthony  G. 

c. 

"       F 

Grinnell,  Wm.  W.     w.  &  c. 

"       B 

Hammond,  Henry  E. 

k. 

"       A 

Hardenburg,  John  J. 

w. 

Lieut. 

Harris,   Erastus  L. 

w. 

"       A 

Hill,  George  F. 

w. 

Co.     A 

Hill,  Wm.   S. 

k. 

"       F 

Horton,   Orlando 

Vf. 

"       A 

Horton,    William    B. 

k. 

"       B 

Hurd,  Allen  J. 

c. 

"      A 

Jennings,  Asa  C.       w.  &  c. 

"       A 

King,  James 

w. 

"       B 

King,    Nathaniel 

w. 

"      C 

La  Due,  Lorenzo  D. 

k. 

I 

Lammond,   Alex. 

w. 

I 

Larrabee,   Lucius   S. 

w. 

Capt. 

Lavery,   William 

w. 

"       F 

Lillie,    Darius 

w. 

"       E 

Luff,    Charles 

k. 

"      G 

McDougal,  Ralph 

k. 

"       F 

Nash,  Eugene  A. 

w. 

Lieut. 

Quackenbush,    Isaac 

w. 

"       B 

Roberts,  Azum 

w. 

"       A 

Rockwood,  Wm.  H. 

w. 

"       A 

236       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 


Battle  Casualties. 


Russell,  James  H. 
Ryder,  George  C. 
Sales,  William 
Sandman,  Joseph 
Seitz,  George 
Sentell,  Wm.  C. 
Shafer,  Peter 
Shaw,  McEndrce 
Sheffield,  Geo.  N. 
Smith,  George 
Smith,  Horatio  A. 
Smith,  William 
Stevens,  Edward  G. 
Thomas,   Oscar 
Vischer,  Harmon 
Walker,  Eugene 
Weaver,  David  S. 
Weaver,  Wm. 
Webster.  George  W. 
White,  James  W. 
Woods,  William 


w.       Lieut, 
w.    Co.     G 

w. 


w. 

k.  " 

w.  " 
(I 
w. 

c.  " 

k.  " 

k.  " 

k.  " 

.  &c.  " 

k.  " 

w.  " 

k.  " 

k.  " 

c.  " 

w.  " 

w.  " 

w.  " 

w.  " 


Bragg,  William 
Wilson,   Albert  C 


Antietam,  Md. 
Sept.  17,  1862. 

w.    Co. 


Fredericksburg,  Va. 
Dec.  12  to  16,  1862. 


Bain,  James 
Beal,  Chauncey  H. 
Best,    Nelson 
Buchanan,  Robert  F. 
Cannady,  Dennis 
Case,  Edward  C. 
Cochrane,   Wm.   H. 
Cole,  Andrew  J. 
Conner,    Freeman 
Depuy,  Thomas  R. 
Dollar,  William  I.  E. 
Doolet,   Napoleon 
Eaton,   Sylvanus   J. 
Eller,  John 
Giddings,  John  K. 
Herbert,    Ambrose 
Herrick,  Wm.  A. 
Hunter,  George  R. 
Isaacs,  Henry  I. 
Jennings,  Alfred 
Johnson,  John  T. 
Kelley,   Harrison 
Kelly,    Charles 
Kennedy,  D.  H. 
Latham,  Perry 
Mayer,  John 
McBlain,  George 
McCormick  Samuel 
McMahon,  William 


w.  Co. 

w.  " 

w.  " 

w.  " 

k.  " 

w.  " 

w.  " 

w.  " 


G 
D 
F 
F 
D 
B 
A 
C 

w.  Lt.  Col. 
w.  Co.  G 
"  G 
'  G 
'  C 
'  F 
"  C 
'  G 
"  C 
"  C 
'  B 
'  A 
"  C 
Adj't. 
Lieut. 
D 
B 
H 


w. 

w. 

w. 

w. 

w. 

w. 

w. 

w. 

w. 

k. 

w. 

w. 

w. 

k.    Co 

w. 

k. 

k. 

w. 

w. 


E 
B 
A 


w.    Co.     C 

k. 

'     c 

w. 

'       K 

k. 

'       A 

w. 

'      K 

w. 

'     c 

w. 

'       C 

w. 

'       B 

w. 

'       B 

w. 

'       A 

w. 

'      C 

w. 

'       D 

.&c. 

'       F 

Meade,  Elnathan 
Mitchell,  Fred 
Nevins,  John 
Orr,  Robert 
Parker,  James  H. 
Perry,  Alexander 
Raymond,  George  C 
Ryan,   Patrick 
Scott,  Jeremiah 
Storms,  James  B. 
Taylor,  Charles  W. 
Thorp,  Edward 
Zielie,  Smith 


Chancellorsville,  Va. 

May  I  to  3,  1863. 

Mahoney,  Thomas  J.    w.    Co.  E 

Miller,    Erastus               c.       "  E 

Ottman,  Norman           k.       "  E 
Husted,  Albert  N.          w.      Lieut. 

Lewis,  Enoch  J.            w.    Co.  E 


Aldie  and  Upperville,  Va. 
June  21,  1863. 
Hallenbeck,    Clark         w.    Co. 


Mapes,  David  D.  w. 

Mosher,  William  H.     k. 

Gettysburg,  Pa. 

July  2,  1863. 

Baker,  Anthony 
Ballou,  Charles  F. 
Barnaby,  John  E. 
Barrick,  Thompson 
Beach,   Wm.    P. 
Beers,  Peter 
Bennett,   Ferdinand 
Blackman,  Isaac  B. 
Blair,  Charles  H. 
Block,  William 
Bourne,  William  R. 
Brackett,  John  A. 
Brehl,  Henry  A. 
Brooks,  Joel  T.  c. 

Burnham,  Leander  T.  k. 
Burns,  Robert  C.  k. 

Butler,  John  w. 

Byrne,  Theodore  k. 

Carey,  Richard  A.  w. 
Carpenter,  Charles  H.  k. 
Casey,  Daniel  k. 

Cessford,  Andrew  G.  w. 
Chafee,  Andrew  J.  k. 
Cheeseman,  S.  E.  w. 

Cole,  Seth  F.  w. 

Collier,  Peter  w. 

Conger,  G«orge  D.       w. 


w.   Co. 
w 


K 

I 

"       D 

"       E 

"       D 

"       B 

"       A 

w.      "       B 

w.     "      H 

w.      "        I 

w.       Capt. 

k.  Co.      H 

k.      "       A 

B 

E 

A 

D 

I 

F 

I 

D 
G 
E 
A 
I 
I 
A 


ISAAC  T.  LAWLESS. 

Isaac  T.  Lawless.  Clinton  Hollow,  N.  Y.  Age  19  years.  Enlisted 
Sept.  2}f,  1861,  at  Albany  to  serve  three  years;  mustered  in  as  private 
Co.  E,  Oct.  3,  1861  ;  detailed  Dec.  1861,  to  Georgetown,  D.  C,  for  ser- 
vice in  signal  corps ;  April,  1862,  Dept.  of  JNIississippi ;  April  6-7,  Sliiloh, 
Dept.  of  Tennessee;  May.  Camp  of  Instruction,  Paducah,  Ky. ;  June 
with  detachment  of  signal  corps,  Mississippi  flotilla;  June  17,  scalded 
mortally  in  action  on  gunboat  Mound  City,  at  St.  Charles,  Ark. ;  died 
on  gunboat  Conestoga  while  on  way  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  and  buried 
with  twenty-six  others  on  McNeil's  plantation  on  east  side  of  Missis- 
sippi river,  about  one  mile  above  island   No.  68. 


\  i^    ^  J 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      237 


Battle  Casualties. 


Cook,  H.  P.  J.  (ace.) 
Crawford,    Harvey 
Cunningham,  Wm.  G. 
Dansenburgh,  James 
Day,  William 
Doing,  John 
Downing,  John 
Dunham,  Eugene  L. 
Duryea,  Webster  S. 
Easterbrook,  Edward 
Eckerson,  William 
Eells,   Edwin  R. 
Esmay,  Aaron  H. 
Ferrand,  Louis  G. 
Gallagher,  Hugh 
Gauley,  Richard 
Goodman,  Wm.  J. 
Goodrich,  Wm.  H. 
Graham,  Marvin  F. 
Green,  George 
Green,  Emery  C. 
Griffith,  Thomas  E. 
Griswold,  Francis  M. 
Harris,  Erastus  L. 
Hays,  Joel 
Helme,  Joseph 
Hennega,   Joseph 
Herenden,  George  B. 
Hobart,  George  W. 
Hollenbeck,  Peter 
Houghton,  Harrington 
Howland,  Wm.  R. 
Hunt,  Thomas  H. 
Hurd,  Allen  J. 
Ingersoll,  Martin  V. 
Irons,  John  M. 
Kendall,  Henry  C. 
Knowlton,  Julian 
Kraft,    Joseph 
Lantz,   John 
Larrabee,  Lucius   S. 
Lawrence,  Wm.  S.     w. 
Lee,  Enoch  H. 
Levoy,  Francis  G. 
Lewis,  Enoch  J. 
Look,  John 
Mallory,  James  P. 
Maxson,  Waren  L. 
McGee,  James 
McElligott,  Richard 
Merchant,  Edgar  A. 
Morse,  Willis 
Munger,  Bennett 
Munson,  Scott 
Nash,  David 
Norris,  William  N. 
Phillips,  Richard  C. 
Ranscher,  Jacob 
Reid,  Alex  I. 
Riseley,  Samuel  S. 


w. 

Co. 

I 

w. 

" 

E 

w. 

" 

A 

w. 

" 

C 

w. 

" 

A 

k. 

" 

B 

w. 

" 

F 

k. 

Lieut. 

k. 

Co. 

G 

w. 

B 

w. 

I 

w. 

H 

w. 

E 

w. 

A 

w. 

B 

k. 

B 

k. 

H 

w. 

H 

w. 

C 

w. 

K 

w. 

C 

w. 

B 

k. 

C 

w. 

A 

w. 

D 

w. 

G 

w. 

A 

w. 

Adj't. 

w. 

C 

w. 

G 

w. 

C 

w. 

B 

k. 

A 

k. 

A 

w. 

G 

k. 

I 

w. 

A 

w. 

A 

k. 

A 

k. 

Co. 

K 

k. 

Capt. 

.&c 

« 

K 

w. 

" 

G 

k. 

" 

F 

w. 

« 

G 

k. 

« 

A 

w. 

« 

F 

w. 

« 

H 

k. 

" 

F 

k. 

« 

C 

k. 

« 

G 

w. 

« 

H 

w. 

Capt. 

k. 

« 

E 

k. 

« 

F 

k. 

" 

C 

w. 

« 

C 

w. 

« 

F 

w. 

« 

K 

w. 

« 

H 

w. 

Co. 

H 

w. 

" 

G 

w. 

<( 

B 

c. 

" 

B 

w. 

" 

D 

k. 

" 

A 

k. 

" 

D 

k. 

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w. 

" 

C 

w. 

" 

E 

w. 

" 

A 

w. 

" 

F 

w. 

« 

A 

k. 

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K 

w. 

" 

K 

k. 

Lieut. 

w. 

" 

E 

w. 

" 

E 

w. 

•' 

E 

w. 

" 

D 

k. 

« 

E 

w. 

" 

A 

w. 

" 

I 

w. 

" 

A 

w. 

" 

D 

k. 

" 

G 

w. 

" 

G 

k. 

« 

E 

w. 

Lieut. 

Schermerhom,  J.  H. 
Schutt,  Frank  B. 
Scott,  Jeremiah 
Shafer,   Peter 
Shepard,  Alonzo  C. 
Simons,  John 
Skinner,   Sidney 
Smith,  Chester 
Smith,  William  W. 
Sprague,  Charles  E. 
Steel,  John 
Stevens,  Henry  E. 
Storms,  James  B. 
Story,  Cornelius 
Sutfin,  George  H. 
Thomas,  Benj.  N. 
Thompson,  Delos 
Thompson,   Helim 
Thompson,  Perry 
Todd,  Henry  L. 
Traver,  Elbert 
Wagner,  Jacob 
Wagoner,  John 
White,  Henry 
White,  James  W. 
White,  Jesse 
Wigg,  Henry  D. 
Wolcott,  George  B. 
Zeilman,  Charles  H. 


Rappahannock  Station,  Va. 

November  7,  1863. 

Comstock,   Albert 
Hill,  Andrew  A. 
Holcomb,  Theodore 
Simmons,   Josephus 
Vincent,  Amos  C. 
Wheaton,  Jerome 
White,  Henry 
Woods,  William 

Mine  Run,  Va. 

November  26  to  28,  1863. 

Bliss,  Moses  H.  w.  Co.  B 

Inman,   Burt  w.  "  H 

McCullouch,  Daniel  c.  "  D 

Parker,  Gardner  S.  c.  "  D 

The  Wilderness,  Va. 

May  5  to  7,   1864. 

Allen,  William  W.  w.  Co.  H 

Baker,  Anthony  w.  "  K 

Banner,  Daniel  w.  "  D 

Blackman,  Isaac  B.  w.  "  B 

Burroughs,  Sidney  W.  k.  "  E 

Campbell,  Hicks  w.  "  E 

Chubbuck,  Walter  L.  w.  "  A 


w. 

Co. 

I 

c. 

" 

G 

c. 

(( 

K 

w. 

" 

E 

w. 

" 

E 

k. 

(( 

C 

k. 

" 

A 

k. 

(( 

A 

238       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 


Battle  Casualties. 


Clover,  Albert  S. 
Coburn,  James  M. 
Cole,  Seth  F. 
Colt,  Charles  H. 
Conlon,    Patrick 
Cunningham,  Wm.  G.  w 
Davis,  Alexander 
Davis,   David 
Defreest,  Lewellen 
Delamater,   Wm.  W. 
DriscoU,   Simon 
Edvi^ards,   David 
Eldred,   Moses  S. 
Evans,  Gideon 
Furner,  Walter  E. 
Gammel,  Wm.  W. 
George,   Henry  W. 
Giddings,  Andrew  A. 
Graham,   Joseph 
Green,   George 
Herbert,  Ambrose 
Hoffman,  Jacob 
Howland,  Wm.  R. 
Ilsley,   Henry  B. 
Ingersoll,    Martin 
Johnson,  John  T. 
Johnson,  Seth  F. 
Jones,  James  W. 
Kimball,  Andrew  J. 
King,  Joseph  L. 
Kirwin,  Joseph 
Krake,  James  H. 
Lamfare,  Henry 
Legg,   Oscar 
Lillie,   Darius 
Lonergan,  James 
Luce,  Israel 
Mallory,  James  P. 
Manning,   William 
Martin,   Thomas 
McCready,  Henry  B. 
McManus.    John 
Meade,  Elnathan 
Mereness,  David  A. 
Miller,   Harvey 
Moore,  William 
Moreland,  John  J. 
Neligan,  Theobold 
O'Hara,  William 
Oliver,  William 
Powderly,  Robert 
Richards,  Jason  A. 
Rowe,  Joseph  H. 
Russell,  Isaac 
Sandman,   Joseph 
Stevens,  George  F. 
Swan,  William 
Tidd,  John  L. 
Tyler,  Charles 
Vandenburgh,  William  w. 


w. 

Co.     G 

w. 

"       B 

w. 

I 

k. 

"       D 

w. 

"       D 

w. 

"       A 

k. 

"       D 

w. 

"       D 

w. 

I 

w. 

I 

w. 

"       B 

w. 

"       D 

w. 

"       E 

k. 

•'•       D 

k. 

"       C 

w. 

I 

w. 

"       D 

w. 

"       C 

w. 

I 

w. 

"      K 

w. 

"       G 

w. 

"      H 

w. 

"       B 

w. 

"       G 

w. 

"       G 

w. 

"       C 

k. 

Capt. 

w. 

"       A 

c. 

"       D 

w. 

"       G 

w. 

"       F 

k. 

"      K 

w. 

I 

w. 

"       F 

w. 

"       G 

w. 

"       B 

w. 

"      H 

k. 

"       F 

w. 

"      H 

w. 

"       A 

w. 

"      H 

w. 

"       G 

w. 

"       C 

w. 

"       F 

w. 

"      G 

k. 

"       B 

w. 

"       F 

w. 

"       F 

w. 

"       D 

w. 

"       E 

c. 

"       A 

k. 

"       E 

w. 

"       E 

w. 

"       A 

w. 

"       A 

w. 

"       D 

w. 

"       E 

k. 

"      C 

k. 

I 

w. 

I 

Wahl,  Constantine 

c. 

Co. 

H 

Watkins,  Oren  E. 

w. 

" 

C 

White,  Titus 

w. 

" 

K 

Woods,   David 

w. 

" 

A 

Zeilman,  Charles  H. 

w. 

Lieut. 

Laurel  Hill, 

Va. 

May  8,  1864. 

Angus,  Walter  H. 

c. 

Co. 

K 

Babcock,  Elisha 

w. 

" 

F 

Bancroft,  Ira  J.         w 

.&c 

ft 

I 

Bancroft,  Joel  B. 

w. 

" 

I 

Beal,  Chauncey  H. 

c. 

" 

D 

Bennett,   Edward 

c. 

Lieut. 

Bennett  Ferdinand 

c. 

Co. 

A 

Blackman,  George  L 

k. 

" 

B 

Bliss,  Moses  H. 

c. 

" 

B 

Bomas,  James  W. 

c. 

Lieut. 

Boynton,  W.  W. 

k. 

Co. 

D 

Bradt.  Van  Zandt 

w. 

" 

F 

Burnett,  James  H.    w 

r.  &C 

" 

B 

Claus,  David 

k. 

" 

E 

Comstock,  Joel  T. 

c. 

" 

H 

Conner,   Freeman 

w. 

Lt.  Col. 

Crandall,  Calvin  B.   w 

.&c 

" 

H 

Crawford,  Harvey 

k 

" 

E 

Delong,  Sylvester 

c. 

" 

B 

Dunham,  David  B.  J. 

k. 

" 

1 

Dye,  Stephen   P. 

w. 

" 

C 

Elliott,  George 

w. 

" 

H 

Ferris,  Lanson  S. 

w. 

" 

D 

Fox,  Jacob 

w. 

Caot. 

Francisco,  G.  W.       w 

r.&C 

.   « 

C 

Gardner,  Robert  W. 

k. 

" 

E 

Garvey,  Chauncey  D. 

w. 

" 

G 

Gates,   George 

k. 

" 

A 

Gibney,  Lewis 

k. 

It 

B 

Goodrich,  Erastus  L. 

w. 

" 

A 

Gould,  James  E. 

k. 

u 

I 

Green,  Emory  C. 

w. 

" 

C 

Grunwell,  Nicholas  B 

w. 

" 

D 

Haines,   Peter 

w. 

" 

C 

Hall,  Harvey  C. 

w. 

" 

H 

Haver.   William   W. 

c. 

<( 

D 

Herrick,  Wm.  A. 

w. 

" 

C 

Hill,  Horace 

w. 

" 

A 

Hobart,  George  W. 

w. 

" 

C 

Hocknell,  John 

c. 

" 

E 

Hoes,  Theodore 

w. 

Lieut. 

Hoyland,  Charles  E. 

w. 

Co. 

D 

Hunter,  George  E. 

w. 

" 

C 

Hyser,  Jacob  N. 

c. 

" 

K 

Imnan,   Burt 

w. 

" 

H 

Ingersoll,  Cyrus 

w. 

" 

G 

Joselyn,   George 

k. 

« 

K 

Kelly,  Charles 

w. 

Lieut. 

Knox,  Edward  B. 

w. 

Major 

Lasher,  William  E. 

k. 

Co. 

G 

Lennox,  William  B. 

c. 

« 

H 

44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY       239 


Battle  Casualties. 


Lewis,  Allen 
Long,  David  M. 
Madden,   John 
McCutcheon.  James 
McDuffe,  Robert 
McGregor,   Charles 
McKoy,    Louis 
Miller,  Chris  C.         w 
Mitchell,  John 
Munger,  O.  L.  w. 

Nash,  Edward  L. 
O'Lary,    Lawrence 
Ostrander,    Phillip 
Prud'hom,  Charles 
Radley,   Adam 
Rankin,  Ami   D. 
Riley,   Patrick 
Riseley,  Samuel  A. 
Rosenkrans,  Frazier  w 
Rowley,  Hiram  S. 
Russell,   James 
Senn,  Anson 
Shearer,   Benn 
Shufelt,   Henry  T. 
Smith,   John 
Southerby,  Thomas  R. 
Starkings,  John 
Stockholm,  Aaron  E. 
Sutfin,  George  H. 
Thomas,   Oscar 
Thompson,    Perry 
Thompson,  William 
Thrasher,   Nelson 
Tobias,  Jacob 
Tooker,  Oscar  C. 
Wagner,  John  H. 
Wert,   Albert   W. 
Wigg,  Henrv  D. 
Wood,  Bradford  R. 
Woodworth,  James  R. 


Spottsylvania,  Va. 

May  14  to  21,  1864. 

Barringer,  Allen 
Flansburg,  Alfred  L. 
Furner,  Charles  B. 
Garner,  Zavier 
Hardenburg,  John  J. 
Hoyland,  Charles  E. 
Shultz,    Noah 

North  Anna,  Va. 

May  23-26,  1864. 

Adams,  Edgar 
Bennett,    Edward 
Davis,  David 
Gillin,  James 
Graves,  Anthony  G 


c. 

Co.      I 

k. 

"       G 

w. 

"       E 

w. 

"       A 

k. 

"       E 

k. 

"      H 

c. 

"      G 

.&c 

.  "       B 

k. 

"       F 

.&c 

.    Lieut. 

c. 

Co.       I 

c. 

"       B 

w. 

"       F 

c. 

"       E 

w. 

"       B 

c. 

"      K 

w. 

"       E 

k. 

"      H 

.  &  c 

.  "      K 

w. 

"       E 

w. 

"       B 

w. 

"      K 

w. 

"       E 

c. 

"      K 

w. 

"      H 

k. 

"       C 

w. 

"      K 

c. 

"      H 

k. 

"      K 

w. 

"       D 

w. 

"       E 

c. 

"       F 

w. 

I 

w. 

"      K 

c. 

"       C 

k. 

"       A 

w. 

"       C 

w. 

"       G 

c. 

Capt. 

k. 

Co.     E 

w. 

Co.      I 

w. 

"      K 

w. 

"       C 

w. 

"       D 

w. 

Lieut. 

w. 

Co.     D 

w. 

"       C 

w. 

"       C 

w. 

"       F 

w. 

"      A 

k. 

"       F 

w. 

Lieut. 

Johnson,  William  W.    w.    Co.  H 

Kemp,   Peter  H.             w.      "  E 

McDougall,   Thomas     w.      "  A 

Moyer,  Amenzo             w.      "  F 

Bethesda  Church,  Va. 
May  30,  1864. 


Baker,  George 
Eddy,  Valora  D. 
Nash,   Eugene  A. 
Smith,  Abram  H. 


k.  "       A 

c.  "      A 

w.  Capt. 

w.  Co.     B 


Cold  Harbor,  Va. 

June  2-5,  1864. 

Beal,  Chauncey  H.  k. 

Beckwith,  George  G.  w. 

Bennett,    Ferdinand  k. 

Bevier,  Isaac  w. 

Bridgeford,  Wm.  W.  w. 

Covel,   Samuel  w. 

Carknard,  Richard  w. 

Crane,  Ethan  A.  k. 

Davis,  David  w. 

Duncan,  Irvine  w. 

Eckerson,  Wm.  k. 

Erwin,  William   H.  w. 

Ewing,  Perry  w. 

Farrar,  Ellis  T.  w. 

Gamer,  Zavier  w. 

Grunwell,  Robert  w. 

Hocknell,  John  w. 

Kimberly,  Benj.  K.  w. 

Kinner,  Royal  G.  w. 

Love,  Andrew  w. 

Osgood,  Lucius  L.  w. 

Packer,  John  B.,  Jr.  w. 

Shafer,  Peter  w. 

Shufelt,   Henry  T.  w. 

Smith,  James  w. 

Thorn,  Charles  E.  w. 
Vanderheyden,  John  I.  k. 

Wilson,   Matthew  w. 

Wing,  George  W.  w. 

Petersburg,  Va. 


Co.  D 

"  D 

"  A 

"  G 

"  F 

"  C 

"  F 

"  K 

"  A 
I 
I 

"  B 

"  F 

"  A 

"  D 

"  D 

"  E 
Capt. 

Co.  C 

"  F 

"  C 

"  G 

"  B 

"  K 

"  K 

"  E 

"  F 

"  A 

"  C 


June  19  to  Aug.  21,  1864. 

Adsit,  Henry  H.  w.  Co. 

Angus,  Walter  H.  k. 

Connors,  John  c.  " 

Costello,  Patrick  w.  " 

Darling,  Robert  B.  k. 

Downing,  John  w.  " 

Downs,   Henry  w.  " 

Ferrand,  Louis  G.  w.  " 

Harris,  David  S.  w.  " 

Hines,    Patrick  w.  " 

Kemp,  Peter  H.  w.  " 


A 
K 
D 

I 
E 
F 
K 
A 
E 

I 
F 


240       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


Battle  Casualties. 


Leahy,  John  J. 
Markham,  Aaron  W. 
Mcjury,  John 
Quant,  Peter  L. 
Shepherd,  Henry 
Welsh,  Edward 
White,  Wm.  Sidney 


Weldon  Railroad,  Va. 
August  18-19,  1864. 


Vf. 

Co. 

C 

k. 

" 

H 

w. 

" 

B 

k. 

« 

K 

k. 

<( 

F 

k. 

" 

C 

w. 

(< 

I 

Bly,  James  M.  c. 

Gregory,   David  c. 

Miller,  Erastus  w. 

Pangburn,  James  E.  c. 

Tuttle,  Martin  V.  k. 


Co. 


H 
E 
E 
E 
D 


Poplar  Grove  Chxjrch,  Va. 

Sept.  30  to  Oct.  I,  1864. 

Bennett,  Edward  w.      Lieut. 

Bleeker,  Charles  H.      w.   Co.     B 
Combs,  Thomas  D.       w.     "       E 


Corrigan,  Thomas 
Day,   William 
Dowling,   Michael 
Ellis,  Charles  R. 
Grossman,  Henry 
Hammond,  Francis 
Helme,  Joseph 
Hendrickson,  Abram 
Hill,  Francis  A. 
Histanbrittle,  Dedrick  c, 
Lawton,  Francis  L. 
Lubke,  William 
Maynard,  Richard 
Minkler,   Edward 
Nye,  Milo  D. 
Osgood,  Lucius  L. 
Paradu,  Edward 
Petit,  John 
Ring,  Barnard 
Roe,  Samuel  E. 
Webster,  Geo.  R. 
Wessels,  Abram 
Williams,  John  A 


w. 

Co. 

E 

w. 

« 

C 

w. 

« 

c 

w. 

« 

c 

w. 

« 

E 

w. 

(( 

A 

w. 

« 

B 

w. 

" 

A 

w. 

l< 

B 

c. 

" 

C 

w. 

<( 

E 

Vf. 

« 

A 

w. 

" 

A 

c. 

« 

C 

k. 

" 

C 

w. 

" 

C 

w. 

« 

C 

w. 

« 

C 

w. 

« 

E 

w. 

« 

B 

k. 

« 

B 

w. 

l( 

B 

w. 

« 

A 

Bassett,   Dewitt  C. 
Edwards,  George 
Dempsey,   Thomas 
Kemp,  John   W. 
Kenyon,  Samuel 
Landon,  Reuben  B 
Lawless,  Isaac  T. 
Mason,  Frederick         c. 
McCormic,  Robert  H.  w. 
McDuffee,  Cyrus  T.    w. 
McNiff,  Michael  O.     w. 
Rankin,  Ami  D.  w. 

Rowley,  Demmon  L.  w. 
Stacy,  Almond  w. 

Thompson,  William     w. 
Weinstein,    Peter  k. 


Miscellaneous. 

c.    Co.    C  Nov.  17,  '62. 

c.      "       I  June  14,  '62,  with  wagon  train. 

"      E  accidentally. 

"      F  in  accident  at  Reams  Sta.,  June  29,  '64. 

"       I  accidentally. 

Lieut,  accidentally. 

Co.    E  on  gunboat  Mound  City. 

"      E  Captured  July  26,  '63. 

Lieut.  Nov.,  '63. 

Co.     E  April,  '64. 

"      D  No  date. 

"      K  Nov.,  '62. 

"      E  prior  to  Apr.,  1864. 

"      D  No  date. 

"       F  prior  to  Aug.,  1864. 

G  accidentally,  Mch.  12,  '63. 


ENOCH  J.  LEWIS. 

Born  January  g,  1838,  at  New  London,  Conn.,  father,  Jared 
Lewis;  mother,  Mary  Crosby  Lewis.  Enlisted  in  Co.  E.  44th  N.  Y. 
V.  L  Aug.  22nd,  1861 :  transferred  to  Co.  G.  Oct.,  1862,  was 
promoted  to  Sergeant  after  the  battle  of  Fredericksburg.  Was 
wounded  at  Chancellorsville.  At  Gettysburg  had  a  bullet  put  through 
his  leg,  and  has  the  same  bullet  now  in  his  home,  it  having  been  cut 
out  by  the  surgeon.  Returned  to  the  regiment  in  February,  1864  and 
remained  with  it  until  mustered  out. 

Entered  the  Christian  ministry  and  served  in  that  capacity  thirty 
years.     Left  that  profession  on  account  of  throat  trouble. 

Is  now  superintendent  of  the  National  Cemetery  at  Winchester,  Va. 


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LIST   OF  BATTLES,  44th  REG'T.    N.   Y.   VOL.   INF. 


Date. 

March  10,  1862. 
March  27,  1862. 
April  4,  1862. 
April  5  to 

May  4,  1862. 
May  4  to 

May  19,  1862. 
May  27,  1862. 
June  26,  1862. 
June  27, 1862. 
June  29,  1862. 
June  30,  1862. 
June  30,  1862. 
July  I,  1862. 
July  3,  1862. 
August  2,  1862. 
August  29,  1862. 
August  30,  1862. 
Sept.  17-18,  1862. 
Sept.  19-20,  1862. 
Dec.  11-15,  1862. 
Dec.  30-31,  1862. 
Jan.  20-24,  1863. 
May  1-6,  1863. 
June  21,  1863. 
July  2-4,  1863. 
July  10,  1863. 
July  23,  1863. 
October  14,  1863. 
November  7,  1863. 
Nov.  26  to 

Dec.  2,  1863. 
May  5-7,  1864. 
May  8,  1864. 
May  10-20,  1864. 
May  21-24.  1864. 
May  29,  1864. 
May  30,  1864. 
June  1-3,  1864. 
June  18  to 

July  17,  1864. 
July  17  to 

Aug.  14,  1864. 
Aug.  14-17,  1864. 
Aug.  17,  1864. 
Aug.  17  to 

Sept.  24,  1864. 
44TH  Battalion. 
Sept.  30,  1864. 

Sept.  24  to 
Oct.  8,  1864. 


Battle  or  Affair. 

Centreville,  Va. 
Big  Bethel,  Va. 
Yorktown  &  Warwick  Rd.,  Va. 

Siege  of  Yorktown,  Va. 

Garrison  Yorktown,  Va. 
Hanover  Court  House,  Va. 
Mechanicsville,  Va. 
Gaines'  Mills,  Va. 
Savage  Station,  Va. 
White  Oak  Swamp,  Va. 
Turkey  Bend,  Va. 
Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
Harrison's  Landing,  Va. 
Coggins  Point,  Va. 
Groveton,  Va. 
Second  Bull  Run,  Va. 
Antietam,  Md. 
Shepherdstown  Ford,  Md. 
Fredericksburg,  Va. 
Richard's  Ford,  Va. 
"Mud  March,"  Va. 
Chancellorsville,  Va. 
Upperville  and  Aldie,  Va. 
Gettysburg,  Pa. 
Jones  Cross  Roads,  Md. 
Wapping  Heights,  Va. 
Bristoe  Station,  Va. 
Rappahannock  Station,  Va. 

Mine  Run,  Va. 
Wilderness,  Va. 
Laurel  Hill,  Va. 
Spottsylvania,  Va. 
North  Anna,  Va. 
Totopotomoy  Creek,  Va. 
Bethesda  Church,  Va. 
Cold  Harbor,  Va. 

Siege  of  Petersburg,  Va. 

Siege  of  Petersburg,  Va. 
Siege  of  Petersburg,  Va. 
Weldon  Rail  Road,  Va. 

Siege  of  Petersburg,  Va. 

Poplar  Spring  (or  Grove) 
Church,  Va. 

Siege  of  Petersburg,  Va. 


Commander. 

Col.  Stryker. 
Col.  Stryker. 
Col.  Stryker. 

Col.  Stryker. 

Col.  Stryker. 
Col.  Stryker. 
Col.  Str3'ker. 
Stryker  &  Rice. 
Col.  Stryker. 
Stryker  &  Rice. 
Stryker  &  Rice. 
Col.  Rice. 
Col.  Rice. 
Col.  Rice. 
Col.  Rice. 
Col.  Rice. 
Lt.  Col.  Conner. 
Lt.  Col.  Conner. 
Conner  &  Knox. 
Maj.  Knox. 
Maj.  Knox. 
Col.  Rice. 
Col.  Rice. 
Rice  &  Conner. 
Lt.  Col.  Conner. 
Lt.  Col.  Conner. 
Lt.  Col.  Conner. 
Lt.  Col.  Conner. 

Lt.  Col.  Conner. 
Lt.  Col.  Conner. 
Conner,  Knox,  Nash. 
Capt.  Nash. 
Capt.  Nash. 
Capt.  Allen. 
Capt.  Allen. 
Capt.  Allen. 

Capt.  Allen. 

Maj.  Knox. 
Col.  Conner. 
Col.  Conner. 

Col.  Conner. 


Capt.  Wood. 
Capt.  Wood. 


APPENDIX 

CHAPTER  XXIV. 

THE  THIRD   BRIGADE  AT   APPOMATTOX. 

By  General  Joshua  L.   Chamberlain, 

Ex-Governor  of   Maine. 

At  two  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  April  g,  1865,  the  Third  Brigade, 
after  a  feverish  march  of  twenty-nine  miles,  came  to  a  halt,  the  rear 
brigade  of  the  division  column,  which  on  such  occasions  has  the  hard- 
est place  of  all.  Worn  out,  body  and  spirit,  by  the  vexations  of  a 
forced  march,  over  a  course  blocked  every  half  hour  by  the  nondescript 
and  unaccountable  obstacles  of  a  lagging  column  in  the  road  ahead, 
men  made  few  preliminaries  about  "going  into  camp."  That  peculiar 
ingredient  of  humanity  called  the  nervous  system  held  an  imperious 
precedence  not  only  over  mind  and  matter,  but  over  army  regulations 
and  discipline.  There  was  no  voice  and  ear  for  roll  calls,  and  even 
the  command  of  empty  stomachs  did  not  avail  with  habit  or  instinct 
to  grope  among  the  jumbled  remnants  of  the  too  familiar  haversacks. 
Officers  and  men  alike  flung  themselves  right  and  left  along  the  road- 
side, whether  it  were  bank  or  ditch,  in  whatever  order  or  disorder  the 
column  had  halted.  Horses  and  riders  exchanged  positions,  the  pa- 
tient animals,  with  slackened  girths,  dozing  with  drooping  head  just 
over  the  faces  of  their  masters.  In  an  instant,  as  it  were,  the  struggling, 
straggling  hosts  were  wrapped  in  misty  darkness  and  silence. 

But  suddenly  and  soon  the  bugles  rang  out  "The  General !"  Or- 
ders came  to  march  within  an  hour's  time.  Word  had  come  from 
Sheridan  that  he  was  at  Appomattox  Station,  and  that  if  we  could 
hurry  up  he  could  cut  the  head  of  Lee's  column,  then  near  Appomattox 
Court  House.  Such  a  summons  itself  gave  something  of  the  strength 
it  demanded.  Spirit  triumphed  over  body,  and  seemed  to  be  on  the 
alert  before  the  latter  could  fully  recover  its  senses.  The  time  given 
was  intended  to  provide  for  a  meal,  but  that  required  also  material, 
which  indeed  was  now  so  simple  as  to  quality  and  quantity  as  to  make 
choice  no  task.  Some  of  the  younger  regiments  of  the  division  were 
seen  lighting  dismal  little  fires  to  fry  salt  pork  or  steep  some  musty, 
sodden  coffee.  The  Third  Brigade,  made  up  of  veterans,  spared  their 
strength  until  the  last  for  severer  exercises.  But  this  time  patience 
did  not  attain  to  its  perfect  work.  While  sitting  on  their  heels  munch- 
ing crumbs  of  hard  tack  and  watching  the  coffee  gradually  "taking 
water,"  so  as  to  produce  a  black  liquid  which  could  be  sipped  from 
the  black  tin  dipper,  word  suddenly  came  that  the  Third  Brigade  was 

243 


244       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

to  take  the  head  of  the  column  and  must  pull  out  at  once.  The  glim- 
mering daybreak  made  still  more  weird  the  scenes  and  sounds  which 
betokened  that  untimely  departure,  and  the  glimmering  breakfasts  must 
have  evoked  similar  wild  sensations  for  the  benighted  stomachs  of 
the  Third  Brigade.  But  a  brisk  march  with  a  fight  at  the  end  was 
the  best  medicine  for  such  a  mood.  In  three  hours  we  were  at  Ap- 
pomattox Station,  and  then  learned  that  Sheridan  with  the  cavalry 
had  pushed  on  to  Appomattox  Court  House,  leaving  word  for  us  to 
follow  with  all  possible  dispatch.  Indeed,  there  was  no  need  of  orders 
to  this  effect,  for  we  now  began  to  hear  the  boom  of  cannon  ahead,  and 
we  knew  that  Sheridan  and  our  glorious  cavalry  had  cut  across  Lee's 
last  line  of  retreat.  Every  heart  beat  high.  No  "obstacles"  hindered 
that  march.  The  head  of  the  Fifth  Corps  ran  past  the  rear  of  the 
Twenty-fourth,  which  had  had  the  advance  in  the  order  of  march. 
It  was  a  triple  column.  The  roads  were  taken  mostly  by  whatever 
was  to  go  on  wheels,  the  men  of  both  corps  pressing  along  the  fields 
on  each  side.  We  were  evidently  so  near  the  "front"  that  General 
Bartlett  thought  it  time  to  throw  forward  a  "division"  skirmish  line, 
which  he  and  General  Griffin  followed  with  characteristic  eagerness. 
I  was  following  with  my  own  brigade  and  the  Second  (Gregory's) 
when  there  dashed  out  of  a  farm  road  on  our  right  an  officer  of 
General  Sheridan's  staff,  who  gave  me  a  hurried  order  to  break  off 
from  the  column  at  once  without  waiting  for  communication  with 
any  immediate  superiors,  and  hasten  to  the  support  of  Sheridan,  who 
vras  that  moment  forced  to  fall  back  somewhat  before  the  desperate 
onset  of  Gordon's  old  "Stonewall  Corps." 

Now  it  was  the  "double-quick,"  indeed.  This  movement  of  course 
brought  me  on  the  ground  our  cavalry  occupied,  and  on  the  enemy's 
left  flank,  at  nearly  the  same  time  at  which  our  skirmish  line  had  struck 
them  in  their  proper  front,  the  direction  of  the  Lynchburg  Pike.  Reach- 
ing the  ground,  I  wheeled  into  double  line  of  battle  and  gradually  re- 
placed our  cavalry,  which  galloped  off  to  our  right,  while  the  Third 
Brigade  still  poured  in  upon  my  left.  In  this  way  we  pressed  the  enemy 
steadily  back  upon  Appomattox  Court  House.  There  was  gallant  and 
wild  work  done  there  by  the  Third  Brigade,  as  well  as  by  the  rest  of 
the  division. 

Gordon  had  hoped  to  force  his  way  through  our  cavalry  before 
our  infantry  could  get  up,  and  reach  Lynchburg  with  the  resolute  rem- 
nant of  his  famous  old  corps.  But  when  there  burst  upon  his  front  and 
flank  these  lines  of  ours  they  knew  so  well,  that  had  so  unexpectedly 
kept  pace  with  the  cavalry  and  marched  around  his  retreating  front, 
desperately  as  he  had  pressed  his  march,  the  veterans  of  Lee's  army 
took  in  the  situation  as  by  instinct.  Their  resistance  was  mechanical 
and  by  force  of  habit  or  discipline.  Their  old  dash  and  daring  were 
gone.  When  our  advance  struck  them  at  close  quarters,  they  fell  back 
in  disorder  or  rendered  themselves  up  as  prisoners.  As  an  example 
of  this  feeling,  all  that  was  left  of  an  entire  brigade  surrendered  to  a 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      245 

single  staff  officer  of  the  Third  Brigade,  who  dashed  up  to  them  with 
the  demand.  It  may  well  be  believed  that  our  men  also  were  responsive 
to  the  logic  of  the  situation.  The  end  was  now  so  near  they  could  see 
through  to  it,  and  they  were  bound  to  "be  there"  themselves.  Action 
there  was  of  the  most  stirring  kind,  but  of  passion  nothing.  No  man 
wantonly  or  in  excitement  struck  at  the  life  of  his  antagonist.  It  was 
an  example  of  what  is  so  strangely,  and  for  want  of  an  adequate  word, 
called  a  "moral"  effect.  When  in  the  heat  of  the  onset,  the  flag  of 
truce  was  seen  coming  in  on  our  right,  some  deeper,  inner  sense  seemed 
to  stifle  all  the  others.  All  was  moving  with  such  momentum,  that 
when  the  order  came  at  length  to  cease  firing  and  to  halt,  it  was  next 
to  impossible  to  stop  the  men.  Thv.y  saw  well  that  we  held  the  rebel  army 
at  bay,  and  what  the  consequence  must  soon  be  they  did  not  need  to 
be  told,  only  whatever  was  to  be  done,  they  wanted  to  be  there  and 
have  a  hand  in  it.  If  there  was  anything  to  be  seen,  they  had  earned 
the  right  to  front  seats  at  the  spectacle.  But  when  at  about  4  o'clock 
in  the  afternoon  the  brief,  thrilling  message  was  passed  along  the  lines, 
"Lee  surrenders !"  there  was  a  tumult  as  of  an  ocean  let  loose.  Men 
went  wild  with  the  sweeping  energies  of  that  assurance,  which  an- 
swered so  much  of  long-cherished  hope  and  of  long-endured  suffering 
that  had  marked  their  loyal  and  brave  career.  Now  that  they  were  no 
longer  allowed  to  go  forward  and  did  not  know  how  to  go  backward, 
there  was  no  direction  left  but  to  go  upward,  and  that  way  they  took — ■ 
to  the  top  of  fences,  haystacks,  roofs  and  chimneys,  that  they  might  send 
their  hallelujahs  and  toss  their  caps  higher  toward  heaven.  The  rebels 
over  across  the  slender  rivulets  of  the  Appomattox  were  shouting  their 
side  of  the  jubilation,  from  whatever  cause,  whether  cheering  Lee  as 
he  rode  over  to  speak  a  last  word  to  them,  or  whether  in  deep  truth 
they  were  heartily  sick  of  the  war  and  felt  that  their  loyal  spirit  and 
manly  energies  were  wasted  in  a  hopeless  and  perhaps  mistaken  cause. 
There  is  reason  to  believe  the  latter  feeling  was  the  motive  of  their 
exuberant  demonstration,  whose  echoes  rolled  along  the  hillsides  long 
after  all  was  silent  in  our  bivouac.  For  toward  evening  some  of  the 
rations  that  had  been  promised  us  for  distribution  at  9  o'clock  that 
morning,  and  from  which  we  had  double-quicked  away,  had  now  got 
up  and  we  could  finish  our  breakfasts  before  lying  down  in  peace  at 
the  close  of  that  eventful  day;  and  a  certain  deeper  peace  was  ours, 
in  that,  learning  now  of  the  starving  condition  of  our  surrendering 
foes,  twenty  thousand  rations  were  sent  over  just  as  the  day  was  done, 
into  that  camp  of  fellow  countrymen  we  had  restored  to  brotherhood. 
Fitting  token  and  emblem  of  the  spirit  in  which  that  victory  was  won 
and  that  day  ended !  Here  too  was  possible  one  reason  for  the  cheering 
that  echoed  in  our  ears  as  we  fell  asleep  on  that  Palm  Sunday  evening. 
All  the  next  day  and  the  day  after,  measures  were  being  deter- 
mined as  to  the  actual  breaking  up  of  Lee's  army,  and  the  return  of 
ours.  Grant  and  Lee  had  not  lingered,  after  the  main  points  were 
settled,  nor  indeed  was   Sheridan  seen  again  on  the  field.     Generals 


246       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

Griffin,  Gibbon  and  Merritt  were  appointed  commissioners  to  arrange 
the  final  details. 

All  this  while  the  visiting  fever  and  the  exchanging  of  tokens  and 
souvenirs  ran  wild  through  both  armies.  Stringent  measures  had  to 
be  taken  to  prevent  utter  confusion  in  both  camps,  especially  in  ours, 
as  it  seemed  to  be  understood  that  we  were  the  hosts,  and  it  was  our 
"at  home"  reception.  This  spirit  of  exchange  shortly  passed  into  the 
spirit  of  trade;  for  our  rations,  after  the  best  was  done,  were  very 
short,  and  for  three  days  afterwards  it  became  necessary  to  forage  the 
country  far  and  wide  to  get  even  raw  corn  enough  for  man  and 
beast.  So  the  market  "went  up"  decidedly  on  all  sorts  of  farm  produce. 
Hard  tack  was  a  luxury,  and  coffee  and  sugar  at  a  high  premium. 

How  or  why  it  came  about  I  do  not  know,  but  on  the  evening  of 
the  loth  of  April  I  was  summoned  to  headquarters  and  informed  that 
I  was  to  command  tjie  parade  which  was  to  receive  the  formal  sur- 
render of  the  arms  and  colors  of  the  rebel  army  the  next  morning. 
This  was  an  order,  and  to  be  received  and  obeyed  without  question. 
One  request  only  I  ventured  to  make  of  my  Corps  Commander.  It 
was  that,  considering  this  occasion,  I  might  resume  command  of  my 
old  Brigade,  the  Third,  from  which  I  had  been  transferred  in  June, 
1864,  with  which  I  had  served  up  to  that  time  since  my  entrance  into 
the  service.  My  request  was  granted,  and  on  that  evening  I  yielded 
the  command  of  my  gallant  First  Brigade,  and  went  back  to  my 
veterans. 

General  Grant  was  a  magnanimous  man,  great  minded  and  large 
minded.  He  would  have  nothing  done  for  show  and  no  vain  ceremony. 
He  granted  to  officers  the  high  privilege  of  retaining  their  swords,  and 
all  men  who  owned  their  horses  were  made  welcome  to  keep  them, 
as  they  would  need  them  to  plough  their  land.  The  rebels  had  begged 
to  be  spared  the  pain  of  actually  laying  down  their  arms  and  colors 
in  the  presence  of  our  troops,  and  to  be  permitted  to  stack  them  in 
front  of  their  own  camps  and  march  off,  and  let  us  go  and  pick  them 
up  after  they  had  gone.  But  this  would  be  to  err  too  far  on  the  side 
of  mildness.  So  it  was  insisted  that  while  the  surrendering  army  should 
be  spared  all  that  could  humiliate  their  manhood,  yet  the  insignia  of 
the  rebellion  and  the  tokens  of  the  power  and  will  to  hurt,  lifted  against 
the  country's  honor  and  life,  must  be  laid  down  in  due  military  form 
in  presence  of  a  designated  portion  of  our  army. 

This  latter  office  fell  to  our  lot.  It  gave  us  no  doubt  a  grateful 
satisfaction  and  permitted  a  modest  pride,  but  it  was  not  accepted  as 
a  token  that  we  surpassed  our  comrades  in  merit  of  any  kind. 

We  formed  our  line  of  battle  on  the  southern  margin  of  the  prin- 
cipal street  in  Appomattox  Court  House.  Massachusetts  on  the  right — 
her  Thirty-second  Regiment,  with  all  that  was  left  to  us  of  her  Ninth, 
Eighteenth  and  Twenty-second;  then  Maine — her  Twentieth  Regiment, 
with  the  delivered  remnant  of  her  Second  and  her  First  Sharpshooters; 
Michigan   next — her   Sixteenth,   with   interminglings   of  her  First   and 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      247 

Fourth.  On  the  left  Pennsylvania — her  One  Hundred  and  Fifty-fifth 
holding  also  filaments  which  bound  us  with  the  Sixty-second,  Eighty- 
third,  Ninety-first  and  One  Hundred  and  Eighteenth,  an  immortal 
band,  which  held  in  it  the  soul  of  the  famous  "Light  Brigade,"  and 
the  stem  old  First  Division,  Porter's,  which  was  nucleus  of  the  Fifth 
Corps,  men  among  them  who  had  fired  the  first  shot  at  Yorktown,  and 
others  that  had  fired  the  last  at  Appomattox,  and  who  thus  bore  upon 
their  banners  all  the  battles  of  that  army. 

By  the  courtesy  of  General  Bartlett,  the  First  Brigade,  which  I 
had  so  long  commanded,  and  the  Second,  which  had  been  with  me  in 
this  last  campaign,  were  sent  to  me  and  held  part  in  the  parade,  being 
formed  on  another  line  across  the  street  and  facing  us.  These  were, 
with  the  exception  of  the  One  Hundred  and  Ninety-eighth  Pennsylvania, 
composed  of  New  York  regiments,  the  One  Hundred  and  Eighty-fifth, 
One  Hundred  and  Eighty-seventh,  One  Hundred  and  Eighty-eighth 
and  One  Hundred  and  Eighty-ninth,  which  in  severe  service  had  made 
themselves  veterans  worthy  the  fellowship  of  those  sterling  old  New 
York  regiments  that  had  fulfilled  their  time  and  fame.  Names  and 
figures,  all  of  these,  dear  to  every  heart  that  had  shared  their  eventful 
and  glorious  history. 

As  we  stood  there  in  the  morning  mist,  straining  our  eyes  toward 
that  camp  about  to  break  up  for  the  last  march,  a  feeling  came  over 
our  hearts  which  led  us  to  make  some  appropriate  recognition  of  this 
great,  last  meeting. 

We  could  not  content  ourselves  with  simply  standing  in  line  and 
witnessing  this  crowning  scene.  So  instructions  were  sent  to  the 
several  commanders  that  at  the  given  signals,  as  the  head  of  each  di- 
vision of  the  surrendering  column  approached  their  right,  they  should 
in  succession  bring  their  men  to  "Attention"  and  arms  to  the  "Carry," 
then  resuming  the  "Ordered  Arms"  and  the  "Parade  Rest."  And  now 
we  see  the  little  shelter  tents  on  the  opposite  slope  melting  away  and 
carefully  folded,  being  things  which  were  needed  by  men  as  men  and 
not  as  tokens  of  rebellion.  Soon  the  gray  masses  are  in  motion — 
once  more  toward  us — as  in  the  days  that  were  gone.  A  thrilling 
sight.  First,  Gordon,  with  the  "Stonewall  Corps ;"  then  their  First 
Corps — Longstreet's — no  less  familiar  to  us  and  to  fame;  then  Anderson, 
with  his  new  Fourth  Corps ;  and  lastly,  A.  P.  Hill's  Corps,  commanded 
now  by  Heth,  since  Hill  had  fallen  at  one  of  the  river  fights-  a  few 
days  before.  On  they  come  with  careless,  swinging  rout  step,  the 
column  thick  with  battle  flags,  disproportionate  to  their  depleted  num- 
bers. As  they  come  opposite  our  right  our  bugle  sounds  the  signal, 
repeated  along  our  line.  Each  organization  comes  to  "Attention,"  and 
thereupon  takes  up  successively  the  "Carry."  The  gallant  General 
Gordon,  at  the  head  of  the  marching  column,  outdoes  us  in  courtesy. 
He  was  riding  with  downcast  eyes  and  more  than  pensive  look;  but 
at  this  clatter  of  arms  he  raises  his  eyes,  and  instantly  catching  the 
significance,  wheels  his  horse  with  that  superb  grace  of  which  he  is 


248       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

master,  drops  the  point  of  his  sword  to  his  stirrup,  gives  a  command, 
at  which  the  great  Confederate  ensign  following  him  is  dipped,  and 
his  decimated  brigades,  as  they  reach  our  right,  respond  to  the  "Carry," 
All  the  while  on  our  part  not  a  sound  of  trumpet  or  drum,  not  a 
cheer,  nor  word  nor  motion  of  man,  but  awful  stillness,  as  if  it  were 
the  passing  of  the  dead.  Now  and  then  a  gust  of  wind  would  spring 
up  from  the  south  with  strange  greeting;  our  starry  ensigns  stiffen 
and  fly  out  as  if  to  welcome  back  the  returning  brothers.  The  en- 
signs of  rebellion  seem  to  shrink  back  and  strain  away  from  the  fated 
farewell. 

So  a  division  at  a  time  covers  our  front.  They  halt,  face  inward 
some  ten  paces  from  us;  carefully  "dress"  their  lines,  each  captain  as 
careful  of  his  alignment  as  if  at  a  dress  parade.  Then  they  fix  bayonets, 
stack  arms,  then  wearily  remove  their  cartridge  boxes  and  hang  them 
on  the  pile;  lastly,  reluctantly,  painfully,  they  furl  their  battle-stained 
flags  and  lay  them  down ;  some,  unable  to  restrain  themselves,  rushing 
from  the  ranks,  clinging  to  them,  kneeling  over  them  and  kissing  them 
with  burning  tears.  And  then  the  flag  of  the  Union  floats  alone  upon 
the  field. 

Then,  stripped  of  every  sign  of  the  rebellion  and  token  of  its  hate 
and  will  to  hurt,  they  march  off  to  give  their  word  of  honor  never  to 
lift  arms  against  the  old  flag  again,  and  are  free  to  go  where  they  will 
in  the  broad  Republic. 

Thus  division  after  division  passes,  and  it  takes  the  whole  day 
long  to  complete  this  deliverance.  Twenty-seven  thousand  men  paroled, 
one  hundred  and  forty  cannon  and  near  that  number  of  battle  flags 
surrendered,  but  only  about  seventeen  thousand  stand  of  small  arms. 
For  some  times  a  whole  brigade,  or  what  was  left  of  it,  had  scarcely 
a  score  of  arms  to  surrender,  having  thrown  them  away  by  roadside 
and  riverside  in  weariness  of  flight  or  hopelessness  of  heart,  or  disdain- 
ing to  carry  them  longer,  only  to  be  taken  from  them  in  token  of  a  lost 
cause.  After  this  it  remained  only  to  gather  up  what  was  serviceable 
of  this  material  of  war  and  to  destroy  the  rest.  Nothing  was  left  which 
could  be  turned  to  use  against  the  Union  armies.  The  cartridge  boxes 
were  emptied  on  the  ground  for  the  most  part,  burned,  and  after  the 
troops  had  withdrawn,  at  the  first  dusk  of  evening,  it  was  a  weird  and 
almost  sad  sight  to  see  the  running  flame  with  frequent  bursts  of  lurid 
explosfon  along  the  lines  where  the  surrendering  army  had  stood ;  then 
only  bits  of  leather  writhing  in  the  gray  ashes. 

All  was  over.  With  the  dawn  of  morning  the  hillsides  were  alive 
with  men  in  groups  or  singly,  on  foot  or  horse,  making  their  way  as 
by  the  instinct  of  an  ant,  each  with  his  own  little  burden,  each  for  his 
own  little  harbor  or  home. 

And  we  were  left  alone  and  lonesome!  The  familiar  forms  that 
had  long  so  firmly  held  our  eyes,  until  they  almost  demanded  the  sight 
of  them  for  their  daily  satisfaction,  had  vanished  like  a  dream.  The 
very  reason  of  our  existence  seemed  to  have  been  taken  away.     And 


WILLIAM   H.   LONXAVELL. 

William  H.  Longwell,  son  of  Hamilton  and  Rebecca  Longwell,  l)or;i 
in  Fairfield.  Adams  Co.,  Pa..  Jan.  i6,  1839.  His  great-grandfather. 
James  Wilson,  served  as  Captain  in  the  Revolutionary  War;  his  grand- 
father, William  Longwell.  also  took  part  in  that  struggle;  his  family 
moved  to  Gettysburg,  where  he  received  a  common  school  education 
and  learned  the  printing  trade.  Private  and  Corporal  in  44th ;  2nd 
Lieut.  Co.  C;  ist  Lieut.  Co.  D;  Captain  Co.  C,  114th  N.  Y.  Vols. 
Presented  by  his  friends  in  Norwich  with  sword,  belt  and  sash. 

While  Lieut,  of  Co.  D.  commanded  volunteers  from  Co.  E,  in  what 
was  looked  upon  as  a  "Forlorn  Hope"  June  14th,  1863.  at  Port  Hudson. 
He  had  the  reputation  of  being  the  best  drill  officer  in  the  regiment. 

During  three  years  and  ten  months'  service,  participated  in  battles 
of  Yorktown,  Hanover  Court  House,  Gaines  Mills.  Turkey  Bend.  Mal- 
vern Hill  (slightly  wounded).  Coggins  Point,  Bisland.  Port  Hudson 
(wounded)  ;  Mansura  and  at  Winchester  on  the  19th  of  September. 
1864,  was  badly  wounded.  After  leaving  the  army  became  associated 
in  pu1)lishing  Pithole  Record,  Petroleum  Center  Record.  Bradford  Era. 
and  in  establishing  Oil  Citv  Dailv  Derrick.  At  present  Postmaster. 
Oil  Citv,  Pa. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      249 

when  on  the  morrow  we  took  up  our  march  again,  though  homeward, 
something  was  lacking  in  the  spring  and  spice  which  had  enlivened  us 
through  even  the  dreariest  times.  To  be  sure,  the  war  was  not  over 
yet,  but  we  felt  that  the  distinctive  work  of  the  old  Third  Brigade  was 
over.  We  were  soon  to  be  mustered  out;  but  never  to  be  again  as  if 
the  Third  Brigade  had  not  become  a  part  of  our  lives,  a  part  of  our 
souls.  There  were  "thoughts  that  ran  before  and  after,"  memories  of 
things  that  can  not  be  told,  and  new  purposes  of  manly  living  and 
hopes  of  useful  service  yet,  in  visions  of  a  broader  citizenship  and 
the  career  of  an  enfranchised  country. 


250       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


THE  ADJUTANT'S  STORY. 
By  Capt.  O.  L.  Munger. 

The  battle  of  Laurel  Hill,  Va.,  was  introductory  to  the  series  of 
conflicts  between  the  armies  of  Grant  and  Lee  which  centered  in  and 
about  Spottsylvania.  Grant's  famous  movements  by  the  left  flank  to 
get  nearer  Richmond  were  being  initiated  and  the  chase  for  Spottsylvania 
brought  the  advance  of  the  Sth  Corps  to  Laurel  Hill  about  eight  o'clock 
on  the  morning  of  May  8,  1864,  and  in  the  contest  that  almost  imme- 
diately followed  many  were  killed  and  wounded  and  twenty-three  men 
and  officers  of  the  Forty-Fourth  were  made  prisoners.  The  follow- 
ing is  an  attempt  to  tell  some  of  the  experiences  of  the  captives. 

Circumstances  which  they  were  unable  to  control,  placed  them  in 
the  enemy's  hands,  and  other  circumstances,  also  not  of  their  making, 
gave  a  turn  to  affairs  they  greatly  enjoyed. 

Inasmuch  as  there  was  something  of  similarity  in  the  experiences 
of  these  men,  though  the  story  of  each  one  in  many  particulars  would 
differ  from  all  the  rest,  the  narrative  of  one  may  serve  as  a  reminder 
to  such  of  the  others  as  still  survive.  This  may  be  called  the  "Ad- 
jutant's Story"  because  it  was  while  so  acting  that  the  writer  met  with 
the  adventures  to  be  related. 

Understanding  fully  that  other  comrades  if  so  inclined,  might 
truthfully  tell  of  wounds  and  sufferings,  with  a  variety  of  happenings 
still  more  thrilling,  the  writer  ventures  to  offer  this,  hoping  to  bring 
pleasure  to  those  of  that  party  who  still  live,  in  the  thought  of  fortu- 
nate escape  from  dreaded  imprisonment. 

You,  comrades,  who  were  present,  vividly  remember  the  Wilder- 
ness and  its  battles  of  the  fifth  and  sixth  of  May,  1864,  and  the  losses 
of  the  Forty-fourth  which  included  many  brave  men  and  the  kind 
hearted  Captain,  Seth  F.  Johnson.  You  have  not  forgotten  the  seventh  of 
May,  when,  under  sharpshooters'  fire  and  behind  breastworks,  we 
quietly  waited  for  orders,  nor  how  that  evening  Gen.  Grant  inaugurated 
his  long  series  of  movements  by  the  left  flank.     Here  our  tale  begins. 

In  pursuance  of  orders  the  Fifth  Corps  began  its  movement  to  the 
left  on  the  evening  of  May  7,  1864,  our  Third  Brigade  leading  the  column. 
All  night  long  the  difficult  tramp  continued,  short,  indeed,  as  to  number 
of  miles,  but  more  than  usually  trying  because  of  obstructions  in  the 
way.  The  poor  and  narrow  Wilderness  road,  difficult  to  see  in  the 
darkness  of  the  night,  had  been  blocked  in  places  by  the  enemy  with 
fallen  trees,  which  had  to  be  removed  by  our  pioneers  to  make  way 
for  artillery  and  infantry.  Their  work  caused  frequent  stops  during 
which  a  snatch  of  sleep  was  possible.  Many  a  time  during  that  night 
the  stumbling  of  the  Adjutant's  horse,  as  march  was  resumed  after 
these  enforced  stops,  wakened  him  from  a  brief  nap  in  the  saddle,  and 
so  it  was  with  Col.  Conner,  by  whose  side  he  rode.  The  men,  too, 
greatly  fatigued  by  three  days'  strenuous  work  and  insufficient  food, 


44th  new   YORK    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      251 

dropped  soundly  asleep  many  times  while  pioneers  cleared  the  road. 
So  dragged  the  latter  end  of  May  7th  and  the  early  hours  of  the  8th 
until  the  light  of  day  made  progress  more  easy.  I  think  it  was  about 
eight  o'clock  when,  emerging  from  the  woods,  the  Forty-fourth  formed 
line  just  at  the  edge  of  an  open  field.  Here  arms  were  stacked,  knap- 
sacks thrown  off,  and  the  men  were  more  than  ready  for  coffee.  Our 
good  Colonel,  thoughtful  and  brave,  wished  for  his  men  all  possible 
comforts,  and  told  the  Adjutant  to  present  his  compliments  to  the 
Brigade  Commander,  General  Bartlett,  who  at  that  moment  was  seated 
with  the  Division  Commander,  General  Griffin,  on  a  harrow  in  the  field 
about  two  hundred  feet  ahead,  and  to  ask  if  there  was  time  for  coffee, 
and  that,  if  our  men  were  to  charge  the  enemy,  they  might  leave  knap- 
sacks behind,  because  of  their  fatigue  and  the  heat  of  the  day.  Gen. 
Griffin  himself  replied,  in  words  as  near  as  memory  can  recall,  "No, 
tell  Col.  Conner  there  is  nothing  ahead  of  us  but  a  few  dismounted 
cavalry.  Battery  D  will  march  right  down  the  road,  the  83d  Penn. 
will  follow,  and  tell  Col.  Conner  to  follow  the  83d,  marching  by  fours." 
Almost  immediately  the  start  was  made,  in  the  order  named,  the  few 
skirmishers  of  the  enemy  contenting  themselves  by  firing  and  retiring, 
until  about  a  mile  and  a  half  had  been  covered.  Approaching  a  cut 
through  a  hill,  a  Rebel  battery  was  discovered  in  the  edge  of  a  wood 
about  a  half  mile  to  the  right.  In  this  cut  General  Bartlett  halted  his 
command,  sending  back  an  aide  to  inform  General  Griffin  of  the  near- 
ness of  the  enemy's  artillery.  The  aide  soon  came  galloping  back,  and 
blurted  out  the  words,  "The  General  says,  take  it !"  Bartlett's  trained 
eye  had  already  measured  the  situation ;  a  fence  to  climb,  advance  down 
a  gentle  declivity,  a  small  brook  to  cross,  then  up  grade  and  two  more 
fences,  then  woods  with  felled  trees  as  abatis  in  front,  and  the  enemy. 
Not  wishing  to  expose  his  men  unnecessarily,  he  requested  the  aide 
to  ask  General  Griffin  to  come  himself  and  view  the  situation.  It 
seemed  but  a  moment  until  the  impatient  Division  General  appeared, 
and  addressing  his  Brigadier,  said :  "There  is  nothing  ahead  of  you. 
General,  but  a  few  dismounted  cavalry.  Put  in  your  first  two  regi- 
ments on  the  double-quick  or  you  won't  get  a  chance  to  shoot  at  them." 
Immediately  the  order  was  given,  and  the  83d  Penn.  with  the  Forty- 
fourth  New  York,  like  twin  brothers  always  happy  in  each  other's  com- 
pany and  best  satisfied  when  battle  was  on  to  fight  side  by  side,  sprang 
to  their  feet,  climbed  out  of  the  cut  and  over  the  fence,  skirmishers  in 
front,  going  to  their  work,  veterans  as  they  were,  on  the  double-quick. 
The  rebel  skirmishers  retired,  disappearing  in  the  woods,  and  our  line 
advanced  with  little  difficulty  until  more  than  half  the  distance  had 
been  covered,  when  the  upgrade  and  shortened  breath  somewhat  slack- 
ened the  pace.  With  a  few  losses  from  the  musketry  fire  of  the  in- 
visible foe,  the  last  two  fences  were  quickly  climbed  and  there  before 
us  were  fallen  trees  so  obstructing  the  advance  that  it  was  utterly  im- 
possible for  proper  alignment  to  be  kept.  Climbing  over  or  crawling 
under   this   obstruction    as   conditions    required,   our   men    entered   the 


252       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

woods  and  just  before  them  was  the  demonstration  that  NOT  "a 
few  dismounted  cavalry,"  but  a  full  infantry  line  behind  freshly  con- 
structed breastworks,  was  waiting  to  give  a  reception,  which  imme- 
diately followed.  Simultaneously  with  our  entrance  into  the  woods 
came  a  volley  at  so  close  range  that,  but  for  the  upward  tilt  of  the 
muskets  in  the  hands  of  the  Confederates — so  common  to  troops  pro- 
tected by  breastworks — our  losses,  serious  enough,  would  have  been 
much  greater.  By  common  impulse  our  men  dropped  to  the  ground, 
firing  as  they  lay,  until  after  a  brief  interval  the  Colonel  shouted  "For- 
ward!"  telling  the  Adjutant  to  repeat  the  order  down  the  line.  The 
distance  gained  was  little,  for  the  enemy's  next  volley  was  murderous, 
and  a  number  of  the  men  were  killed  and  wounded. 

Once  again  the  word,  "Forward  Forty-Fourth !"  rang  out,  and 
the  distance — not  more  than  forty  feet  from  certain  parts  of  the  line — 
would  have  been  covered  speedily  had  strength  been  sufficient,  but 
with  lessened  numbers  and  formation  broken,  there  was  little  chance 
to  dislodge  the  enemy.  The  reader,  it  is  hoped,  will  excuse  personal 
reference  which  now  seems  essential  to  the  tale.  In  this  last  attempt 
to  carry  the  enemy's  works,  the  Adjutant  at  once  discovered  that  with- 
out semblance  of  a  line  of  battle  and  with  only  little  bunches  of  men, 
or  single  individuals,  here  and  there,  constituting  the  forward  move- 
ment, the  effort  could  not  succeed.  Impelled  by  the  instinct  of  self- 
preservation,  he  made  speed  to  reach  a  tree  in  front  about  half  way 
to  the  enemy's  line.  A  few  vigorous  jumps  brought  him  to  the  de- 
sired haven,  and  although  not  half  big  enough  to  cover  his  body,  the 
little  tree  became  at  once  the  basis  of  operation  and  a  point  of  defense. 
Immediately  in  his  front,  perhaps  twenty  feet  distant,  was  visible  a 
little  stretch  of  the  enemy's  breastworks,  from  behind  which  three 
rebel  heads  at  once  dropped  out  of  sight.  To  the  right  and  left,  trees 
and  bushes  so  screened  other  parts  of  the  enemy's  position,  that  for 
the  moment  this  was  all  of  the  enemy's  line  within  the  Adjutant's  sight. 
Standing  with  left  shoulder  guarded  by  the  tree,  the  Adjutant  found 
the  revolver  an  essential  part  of  the  situation,  and  it  became  the  agent 
which  prevented  either  of  the  men  in  front  from  taking  careful  aim 
which  could  not  have  failed  to  kill.  Enemy  number  one,  first  resting 
his  musket  on  the  works,  showed  for  an  instant  his  head  to  note  the 
position  of  his  target,  and  in  another  instant  raised  his  shoulder  and 
fired.  The  Adjutant's  pocket  on  the  right  side  of  his  blouse  was  torn 
by  this  bullet,  and  at  the  same  time  the  compliments  of  the  revolver 
were  extended  to  the  Confederate.  Enemy  number  two  then  imitated 
his  mate,  but  more  cautious,  did  not  expose  so  much  of  his  body  and 
his  fire  was  high.  He  was,  in  turn,  made  the  target  for  cartridge 
number  two  from  the  revolver.  So  centered  was  the  Adjutant's  atten- 
tion on  the  business  in  his  front  that  he  saw  nothing  of  his  comrades, 
for  to  turn  his  head  was  to  invite  death,  but  in  the  early  moments  of 
that  particular  situation  he  was  cheered  by  the  sight  of  a  corner  of  the 
regimental  colors  which  were  held  by  Corporal  George  W.  Wing  as 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      253 

he  lay,  with  knapsack  and  blanket  protecting  his  head,  waving  "Old 
Glory"  from  side  to  side.  Enemy  number  three  tried  his  hand  next, 
but  fired  high,  and  the  third  shot  from  the  revolver  was  discharged 
in  his  behalf.  Right  here  an  interruption  occurred,  for,  to  the  Adju- 
tant's surprise,  a  ball  from  the  left  chipped  through  the  top  of  his  hat. 
He  thought  perhaps  this  might  have  been  a  glancing  ball  which  had 
first  struck  a  tree,  but,  unwilling  to  trust  that  kind  of  an  interpretation, 
dropped  on  his  knee  for  safer  position.  In  another  instant  a  second 
bullet  went  through  his  hat  and  the  tree  itself  was  hit  a  number  of 
times,  convincing  him  that  he  was  being  made  the  target  of  Confed- 
erates more  to  the  left.  Watching  for  further  activity  in  front,  shot 
number  four  from  the  revolver  replied  to  one  from  a  rebel,  and  almost 
at  the  same  instant  a  bullet  cut  through  the  coat  over  the  Adjutant's 
left  shoulder.  Making  himself  as  short  in  stature  as  was  possible  by 
crouching  low,  an  outstretched  leg  was  suddenly  stung,  and  the  Adju- 
tant called  out,  "Colonel,  I  guess  I  am  hit."  A  few  moments  later  it 
was  discovered  that  the  Colonel  was  not  there,  neither  was  the  regi- 
ment. Then  came  the  fifth  chance  for  the  exchange  of  compliments, 
and  cartridge  number  five  answered  the  fire  of  a  man  in  front  whose 
shot  was  high,  and  like  those  of  his  predecessors,  did  no  harm.  One 
cartridge  remained,  and  what  was  to  be  done  after  it  had  been  used  was 
an  open  guess.  To  this  day  the  Adjutant  has  been  unable  to  explain 
a  sudden  impulse  which  caused  him  to  jump  to  his  feet  and  turn 
around.  There  stood  two  Confederate  soldiers  with  muskets  pointed 
at  his  head,  while  a  quick  glance  discovered  our  fleeing  regiments 
making  speed  to  get  back  to  their  supports,  and  the  enemy,  in  much 
greater  numbers  than  they,  in  hot  pursuit.  Quick  decision  was  im- 
perative, and  the  first  thought,  which  was  to  shoot  one  of  the  men 
in  his  way  and  disable  the  other  by  a  blow  with  his  sword,  and  then 
try  to  make  his  escape,  gave  way  to  conclusions  more  sane.  The 
enemy  were  swarming  from  both  flanks  trying  their  best  to  overtake 
the  83d  and  Forty-fourth,  but  with  little  success,  for  our  men  were  soon 
back  to  their  starting  point,  and  with  the  support  of  other  regiments  of 
the  brigade  were  too  strong  to  tempt  the  Confederates  to  attack.  To 
the  demand,  "Come  in,  you  d — d  Yank,"  the  reply  was  made — "I  think 
I'm  in."  Thus  the  Adjutant  found  himself  a  prisoner,  while  his  two 
captors  appropriated  the  revolver  and  sword.  A  few  strides  brought 
us  to  the  enemy's  breastworks  and,  stepping  over,  the  prisoner  was 
confronted  by  a  Confederate  officer  who  jumped  up,  the  still  damp 
dirt  clinging  to  his  uniform,  and  called  out,  excitedly — "Surrender,  Sir ! 
Surrender,  Sir !"  Seeing  scabbard  and  belt  which  my  captors  had 
failed  to  remove,  this  doughty  officer  busied  himself  in  taking  them 
off,  so  that  they  became  the  trophies  of  his  prowess.  By  his  direction, 
one  of  the  boys — for,  like  most  of  our  soldiers,  they  were  still  young, — 
started  to  the  rear,  having  his  captive  in  charge.  The  hurt  leg  both- 
ered, and  the  guard  agreed  to  a  halt  when  a  shady  grassy  spot  was 
reached,  so  that  an  examination  of  the  wound  could  be  made.     It  was 


254       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

an  agreeable  surprise  to  find  only  a  strip  of  skin  gone  and  the  black 
and  blue  marks  of  a  bad  bruise,  albeit  the  bootleg  itself  was  badly 
wounded.  The  fear  of  a  more  serious  hurt  having  vanished,  the  lame- 
ness became  less  apparent  and  the  disability  was  disregarded.  The 
guard  seemed  in  no  hurry  and  was  willing  to  rest,  until  one  of  Griffiin's 
Battery  D  shells,  passing  over  the  breastworks,  struck  near  by,  and 
ricocheting,  went  over  and  beyond.  The  prisoner's  sentiment  that  he 
did  not  care  to  be  killed  by  Yankee  shells  was  heartily  seconded  by 
his  companion,  and  the  tramp  was  resumed  to  the  rear.  This  trip 
revealed  to  the  Adjutant  facts  that  made  him  yearn  for  the  wings  of 
a  bird,  so  that  he  might  inform  General  Griffin  that  the  "few  dismounted 
cavalry"  against  whom  we  were  sent,  had  developed  into  a  mass  of 
infantry  numbering  thousands,  with  a  half  dozen  batteries  within  easy 
call.  The  fences  on  either  side  the  narrow  road  or  lane  through  which 
we  passed,  were  lined  with  artillerymen  and  other  idle  soldiers,  who 
enjoyed  the  sight  of  captive  Yankees.  The  Adjutant  said  to  his  guard, 
"I  suppose  you  know  your  duty,"  and  the  reply  came,  "What  do  you 
mean?"  The  answer  was,  "You  are  my  guard,  and  your  duty  is  to  de- 
liver me  to  the  Provost,  and  in  the  meantime  to  protect  me.  I  do  not 
want  to  be  robbed  by  these  men."  The  young  fellow  said :  "I  know 
that;  I'll  take  care  of  you;"  and  so  he  did,  pushing  back  with  his  gun 
a  man  who  grabbed  for  the  Adjutant's  hat,  which,  though  bullet  torn, 
had  some  of  its  freshness  left,  and  possessed  the  added  attraction  of 
a  1st  division,  5th  corps  badge;  and  another  man  who  crowded  up, 
saying :  "Give  me  that  watch,  you  d — d  Yank  1"  Thus  protected,  the 
headquarters  of  the  Provost  Guard  were  safely  reached,  and  under  the 
gentlemanly  care  of  Major  Ryals,  in  command,  the  prisoner  was  safe 
from  further  annoyance  of  that  sort.  The  Adjutant  soon  discovered 
that  he  was  not  the  only  prisoner,  and  on  the  assumption  that  there 
would  be  given  him  an  opportunity  to  communicate  with  the  Commander 
of  the  Forty-fourth  sooner  or  later,  he  proceeded  to  take  the  names 
of  his  comrades  who  had  been  captured.  Later  it  was  known  that 
others  had  been  taken,  mo.st  of  them  wounded,  whose  names  he  had 
no  means  of  learning.  Frazier  Rosenkranz  of  Co.  K  was  shot  through 
the  chest,  the  ball  passing  quite  through  his  body,  and  yet  was  able 
to  talk,  and  told  the  Adjutant  that  he  was  not  suffering  greatly.  So 
far  as  the  writer  knows,  no  word  ever  came  from  him,  but  in  the  report 
of  the  Adjutant  General  of  New  York  appears  the  following:  "Rosen- 
kranz, Frazier,  wounded  and  captured  in  action,  Spottsylvania,  Va., 
May  8,  1864.  Prisoner  of  War  at  Andersonville ,  Ga.,  at  muster-out  of 
Company."  He  may  have  returned  home  later,  but  of  this  the  writer 
is  not  informed.  Here  follow  the  names  of  the  men  who  constituted  the 
party: 

Capt.  Bradford  R.  Wood  Sergeant  Chas.  Prudham,  Co.  E 

First.  Lieut.  Edward  Bennett  Sergeant  W.  H.  Angus,  Co.  K 

First  Lieut,  and  Acting  Adjutant      Corporal  O.  C.  Tooker,  Co.  E 
O.  L.  Hunger  Corporal  M.  H.  Bliss,  Co.  B 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      255 

Corporal  Sylvester  Delong,  Co.  B      Private  L.  McCoy,  Co.  G 

Corporal  J.  N.  Hyzer,  Co.  K  Private  Perry  Morse,  Co.  H 

Private  Ferd.  Bennett,  Co.  A  Private  A.  E.  Stockholm,  Co.  H 

Private  C.  C.  Miller,  Co.  B  Private  Joel  T.  Comstock,  Co.  H 

Private  C.  H.  Beal,  Co.  D  Private  E.  L.  Nash,  Co.  I 

Private  W.  W.  Haver,  Co.  D  Private  A.  Lewis,  Co.  I 

Private  J.  Hocknell,  Co.  E  Private  H.  T.  Shufelt,  Co.  K 

Private  Wm.  Thompson,  Co.  F  Private  A.  D.  Rankin,  Co.  K 

A  fine  grove  of  trees  was  our  resting  place  for  the  greater  part 
of  that  hot  May  day,  but  food  was  not  to  be  had.  The  prisoners  were 
informed  that  on  the  next  day  they  would  reach  a  point  where  supplies 
would  be  furnished,  a  statement  that  proved  literally  and  liberally  true, 
though  not  in  the  fashion  anticipated.  Let  me  state,  by  way  of  paren- 
thesis, that  this  grove  and  resting  place  was  identified  by  the  writer 
during  a  visit  to  Spottsylvania  Battle  Fields  in  1907,  and  is  now  the 
site  of  the  Goshen  Baptist  Church.  While  a  prisoner  here  the  Ad- 
jutant had  the  pleasure  of  his  first  and  only  sight  of  Robert  E.  Lee, 
Commander  of  the  Confederate  forces,  who  rode  up  inspecting  the 
condition  of  afifairs  at  the  front. 

All  through  the  remainder  of  that  8th  day  of  May,  at  intervals 
of  an  hour  or  two,  volleys  of  heavy  musketry  informed  us  that  our 
uninformed  Generals  were  repeating,  with  other  regiments,  the  ex- 
periment at  first  tried  with  the  83d  and  Forty-fourth.  Following  each 
of  these  futile  attacks  on  the  enemy's  position,  other  captives  were 
added  to  our  squad,  until  when  night  came  350  Union  officers  and  men 
were  claiming  Confederate  hospitality. 

The  thought  of  dead  and  dying  comrades  whose  sacrifice  was  a 
sad  mistake  and  had  its  own  reward  in  the  satisfaction  of  duty  bravely 
done,  added  to  the  heaviness  of  our  hearts  as  we  anticipated  a  turn 
in  rebel  prisons.  The  night  was  spent  a  mile  further  to  the  rear  in 
pleasant  woods,  the  blue  sky  visible  between  the  leaves  and  branches 
above  us,  as  we  lay  without  blankets  on  the  ground.  The  bright  stars 
twinkled  kindly,  undisturbed  by  "man's  inhumanity-  to  man,"  while 
happy  dreams  came  to  some  and  the  night  wore  away.  The  morning 
of  the  9th  came  early,  and  gnawing  stomachs  made  their  demands  as, 
waking  from  the  sound  sleep  of  growing  manhood,  the  consciousness 
of  our  situation  again  asserted  itself.  No  time  was  wasted  for  break- 
fast, since  there  was  nothing  to  eat,  and  when  soft-voiced  Lieut.  Cun- 
ningham in  command  of  the  detail  which  was  our  conduct,  gave  the 
order  to  "fall  in,"  those  able  to  march  were  ready  to  proceed.  I  think 
all  of  the  Forty-fourth  squad,  except  Rosenkranz,  started  with  the 
rest.  Proceeding  in  the  direction  of  Richmond,  we  met,  after  an  hour 
or  two  had  passed,  a  large  force  of  the  enemy's  cavalry  going  toward 
Fredericksburg,  and  concluded,  from  remarks  by  our  guard,  that  for 
some  reason  a  demonstration  by  Sheridan  was  expected,  with  which 
the   Confederates   proposed  to   interfere.     A  bad  guess  it  was  as   to 


256       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

Sheridan's  route,  but  fortunate  for  us,  as  the  sequel  will  show.  The 
annoying  activity  of  the  enemy's  cavalry  had  given  trouble,  and  about 
the  time  of  our  engagement  at  Laurel  Hill,  a  conference  between  Gen- 
erals Grant,  Meade  and  Sheridan  was  in  progress,  as  a  result  of 
which  Sheridan  was  given  the  permission,  so  much  desired  by  him, 
to  cut  loose  from  the  army  and  deal  such  blows  to  the  Confederacy 
as  he  might  find  possible.  All  was  accomplished  that  he  had  promised, 
and  the  rebel  cavalry  found  that  they  were  more  needed  to  protect 
Richmond  than  to  chase  after  Meade's  wagon  trains.  All  this  was 
of  course  unknown  to  our  party,  and  the  march  was  monotonous 
enough  until,  a  little  before  noon,  when  the  column  halted  and  filed 
into  a  large  enclosure,  where  to  our  joy  was  located  one  of  the  largest 
and  most  copious  springs  of  cold  water  it  has  ever  been  my  lot  to  see. 
The  writer  is  reminded  of  Gideon's  Band  when  he  thinks  of  the 
eagerness  our  comrades  showed  and  the  various  postures  assumed, 
as  they  quaffed  nature's  most  delicious  beverage.  Nothing  could  have 
been  better.  Some,  lying  flat,  put  their  faces  in  the  water,  others  on 
knees  used  their  hands  as  cups,  and  drank  and  then  drank  again,  for 
it  had  been  more  than  twenty-four  hours  since  most  of  the  men  had 
tasted  water.  It  was  refreshing,  and  the  men  lay  down  in  the  grass, 
happy  for  the  moment,  and  glad  to  rest.  A  group  of  the  officers  agreed, 
for  the  sake  of  the  few  slightly  wounded  men  in  the  party  who  were 
suffering  from  the  unavoidable  chafing  of  their  hurts,  that  Lieut.  Cun- 
ningham be  requested  to  permit  his  prisoners  to  rest  in  this  delightful 
spot  for  an  hour.  Before  the  Committee  of  one,  chosen  to  make  this 
request,  could  discharge  his  mission,  the  sudden  arrival  of  a  mounted 
messenger,  who  excitedly  addressed  the  Lieutenant,  put  an  end  to  the 
plan,  and  the  order  came  immediately,  "Fall  in."  There  being  no  al- 
ternative, this  beautiful  green  spot  was  regretfully  left  behind,  and 
the  tramp  resumed.  The  main  road  was  taken  for  but  a  short  time, 
when  to  our  surprise,  our  route  lay  through  fields  and  woods.  In  reply 
to  questions  as  to  the  reason  of  this,  we  were  told  that  the  bridge 
over  a  river  had  been  destroyed,  and  that  we  were  making  a  point 
where  the  stream  could  be  forded.  Thus  the  afternoon  wore  on,  and 
the  fact  that  we  did  after  a  while  ford  a  stream,  gave  some  confirma- 
tion to  the  statement.  Water  was  arm-pit  deep  and  swift,  so  that  some 
of  the  shorter  and  less  vigorous  men  required  help  of  the  sturdier  ones, 
but  the  writer  believes  all  crossed  in  safety.  Between  four  and  five 
o'clock,  after  passing  through  a  strip  of  woods,  the  tired  men  again 
reached  the  Richmond  road,  when  their  ears  were  greeted  by  the  sound 
of  shrieking  locomotive  whistles  impatiently  but  plainly  saying  "Hurry 
up."  A  messenger  came,  telling  Lieut.  Cunningham  to  be  "quick,"  when 
another  sound  greeted  our  ears — a  shot  from  the  rear.  Strange  as  it 
may  seem,  every  one  of  the  350  men  marching  toward  prison  pens, 
tired  and  hungry,  but  with  senses  acute,  measured  correctly  the  mean- 
ing of  that  shot,  and  to  the  command,  "double-quick,"  responded  by 
instantly  clearing  the  road  and  with  common  impulse,  sidling  oflf  into 


SA^IUEL  AIcCORMICK. 

Was  a  Private  in  Company  C.  Enlisted  Aug.  19,  1861.  Was 
wounded  at  Hanover  C.  H.  May  27,  1862.  in  left  forearm,  left  bone 
broken.  Furloughed  home  and  in  hospital  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  about 
five  months.  Rejoined  the  regiment  and  transferred  to  Company  B. 
Was  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg,  Dec.  13,  1862,  in  both 
thighs.  Furloughed  and  in  hospital  until  1863.  Was  then  transferred 
to  Co.  D.  1 2th  Regiment  Veteran  Reserve  Corps,  stationed  at  Albany, 
N.  Y.  and  Schenectady,  X.  Y.  Also  at  Alexandria.  Va.  and  Fort 
Meade,  Va.  Was  at  Fort  Stevens  during  General  Early's  attack  in 
July,  1864.     Discharged  Sept.   t.   1864. 


THE  NEV/  YORK 
PUBLIC  LIB ::iRY 


ASTOR,  LENOX 
TILDEN  FOUNDATIONS  i 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      257 

the  woods  on  one  side  and  into  the  corners  of  the  rail  fence  on  the 
other.  The  clatter  of  hoofs  was  soon  heard,  and  memory  still  pictures 
three  horsemen,  who,  with  speedier  beasts,  led  the  advance  of  the 
gallant  Custer's  Brigade  of  Sheridan's  Cavalry,  as  it  appeared  in  view. 
These  three  impetuous  riders,  almost  lying  on  their  horses'  necks,  with 
carbines  extended,  crowded  so  closely  the  now  fleeing  Confederate 
guard,  that  three  of  its  number  were  brought  down  while  the  others 
escaped. 

On  came  the  troopers,  receiving  as  they  passed  the  wild  and 
vociferous  welcome  of  350  liberated  men,  whose  voices,  raised  in  loud 
cheers,  proclaimed  their  joy  and  gratitude. 

"How  the"  prisoners  "shouted  when  they  heard  the  joyful  sound," 
Of  Custer's  gallant  troopers  as  they  sped  o'er  rebel  ground!  "Glory, 
glory.  Hallelujah!"  was  the  song  most  appropriate,  and  the  sentiment 
was  felt  if  not  expressed  by  all  our  men. 

The  half  mile  to  Beaver  Dam  Station  was  so  quickly  covered  and  the 
surprise  was  so  complete  that  three  trains  of  cars  were  in  possession 
of  our  cavalry  before  the  engineers  could  get  them  out  of  the  station. 
Supposing  this  to  be  his  safe  point.  General  Lee  had  concentrated  sup- 
plies, and  there  was  food  in  abundance  for  man  and  beast.  Vast  stores 
had  been  collected  and,  the  prisoners  found,  literally  fulfilled  the  promise 
made  them  the  day  before  that  at  the  end  of  this  day's  march  they 
should  be  fed.  Were  we  hungry?  Young  fellows  scarce  out  of  their 
'teens,  after  two  full  days  without  food,  hungry?  Were  we  hungry? 
Well,  here  was  food  in  plenty,  and  one  had  but  to  help  himself.  Right 
opposite  the  station,  in  a  log  house  suddenly  vacated  by  the  family 
which  had  occupied  it  a  moment  before,  Capt.  Bradford  R.  Wood  and 
the  writer  found  ready  to  hand  a  promising  fire  of  coals  in  the  fire- 
place, and  the  necessary  utensils  for  cooking  supper  close  at  hand.  A 
reconnaissance  by  two  had  discovered  at  the  station  some  barrels  of 
hams  and  lemon-box-looking  packages  which  upon  more  intimate  in- 
spection proved  to  be  filled  with  eggs  packed  in  saw-dust.  No  objec- 
tion to  ham  and  eggs  was  to  be  offered  on  this  occasion,  and  in  a  short 
time  voracious  appetites  were  being  rapidly  and  satisfactorily  appeased, 
at  the  expense  of  the  Confederacy. 

During  the  night,  after  men  and  horses  were  fed  and  had  loaded 
up  with  as  many  rations  as  could  be  conveniently  carried,  the  sky  was 
brilliantly  illuminated  by  the  fires  which  consumed  the  station  with  its 
contents,  as  well  as  the  trains  of  cars  which  were  to  transport  the 
prisoners  to  the  Capital  of  the  Confederacy.  The  cavalrymen  busied 
themselves  also  in  tearing  up  railroad  tracks,  burning  ties,  heating  and 
twisting  rails  and  interfering  as  far  as  possible  with  Lee's  communica- 
tions. With  happy  hearts  and  weary  bodies  we  lay  down  for  rest,  but 
were  not  permitted  to  sleep  late,  for  early  in  the  morning  the  enemy's 
cavalry,  after  its  fruitless  trip  toward  Fredericksburg  and  a  long  forced 
march,  appeared  on  our  rear,  and  the  sound  of  their  guns  was  our 
reveille.     We  recaptured,  unarmed  men  constituted,  of  course,  an  im- 


258       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

pediment  to  our  rescuers,  but  with  veteran  rebel  cavalry  pounding 
in  the  rear,  and  the  front  defended  by  homeguards,  guerrillas  and  other 
irregulars,  whenever  a  cut  through  a  hill  or  a  narrow  road  in  the  woods 
afforded  an  opportunity  for  a  barricade,  the  progress  was  not  so 
rapid,  but  that  the  infantrymen  could  maintain  the  pace.  An  officer  of 
a  Pennsylvania  regiment  kindly  offered  the  use  of  two  extra  horses 
to  Capt.  Wood  and  the  writer,  so  that  the  first  day  was  not  over- 
wearisome  to  us,  though  exciting.  At  night,  the  Adjutant,  following 
the  example  of  his  friend  of  the  cavalry,  unsaddled  and  tied  his  horse 
to  a  tree,  giving  him  corn  to  eat ;  then,  with  body  stretched  upon  the 
ground,  with  head  to  trunk  of  tree,  quickly  dropped  into  a  deep  sleep. 
Waking  early,  it  was  discovered  that  his  horse  was  gone,  no  doubt 
taken  by  some  dismounted  cavalryman  whose  mount  had  been  killed. 
No  more  extras  were  to  be  found,  so  that  again  the  Adjutant  became 
a  footman,  but  was  able  to  keep  up  with  the  procession.  Enemy  in 
front  and  rear  made  the  work  of  our  cavalry  severe,  and  the  progress 
was  slow,  but  the  march  was  continued  on  the  main  road  until  one 
night  the  Adjutant  was  told  that  Richmond  lay  but  two  miles  further 
on,  and  he  wondered,  as  he  saw  the  lights  twinkling  in  the  distance,  if 
Sheridan  v/ould  risk  an  attack  on  the  enemy's  stronghold,  which 
seemed  possible  because  of  the  absence  of  the  main  body  of  its  de- 
fenders. That  was  not  to  be,  and  shortly  after,  a  turn  to  the  left 
brought  us  to  the  Chickahominy  River.  It  was  rainy  and  muddy,  and 
the  route  lay  across  a  corduroy  bridge,  while  over  the  river  swamps  ex- 
tended on  either  side  of  the  narrow  road,  which  seemed  the  only 
point  at  which  passage  could  be  made.  The  Adjutant,  unattached,  ap- 
proached as  near  as  he  dared  to  Sheridan's  headquarters  flag  where 
a  number  of  officers  were  grouped  about  their  General,  and  watched 
with  much  interest  their  movements.  Across  the  Chickahominy  were 
concentrated  several  hundred  of  the  friends  of  the  Confederacy,  who 
with  such  arms  as  they  had  been  able  to  gather  together,  proposed  to 
assist  the  Home  Guards  and  Guerrillas  in  disputing  Sheridan's  crossing. 
The  main  body  of  the  enemy's  cavalry  was  crowding  behind  in  the 
evident  thought  that  now  was  the  time  for  their  harvest  and  that  when 
the  crossing  was  attempted  there  would  be  much  confusion,  and  that 
a  portion  at  least  of  the  Union  forces  would  become  their  prisoners. 
Sheridan's  grasp  of  the  situation  was  complete,  and  the  enemy's  plans 
were  frustrated.  Rebellion's  most  masterly  cavalry  leader,  General 
J.  E.  B.  Stuart,  meeting  his  death  in  the  attempt  to  thwart  the  pur- 
pose of  the  Union  General.  A  sudden  dash  of  a  part  of  the  cavalry 
down  the  river,  as  if  to  reach  quickly  another  possible  crossing,  de- 
ceived the  Home  Guard  crowd,  and  a  part  of  that  force  hurried  in  the 
same  direction  on  their  side  of  the  river.  Other  cavalry  ready  for  the 
rush  galloped  over  the  bridge,  driving  the  mob  before  them  like  leaves 
before  the  wind.  Regiment  after  regiment  followed  these,  and  a 
large  part  of  the  force  was  safely  over;  but  what  of  those  regiments 
who  were  facing  their  enemy  in  the  rear?    Batteries  had  been  placed  in 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      259 

the  woods  and,  commanding  the  road  over  which  our  remaining  troops 
must  pass  and  the  enemy  follow,  were  ready  for  the  work  before 
them.  When  the  order  came,  our  cavalry  in  apparent  retreat  before 
the  enemy,  turned  about  and  rapidly  galloped  for  the  bridge.  Now  was 
the  enemy's  chance,  and  confidently  his  troopers  rushed  on  in  pur- 
suit, unconscious  of  the  trap  laid  for  their  discomfiture.  Batteries  which 
they  had  not  seen  belched  out  their  fiery  welcome  with  great  effect, 
and  the  onslaught  was  turned  into  a  rout  as  men  and  horses,  surprised 
out  of  their  self-possession,  turned  about  in  confusion  and  made  haste 
to  the  rear.  Needless  to  say,  before  they  had  sufficiently  recovered 
to  try  again,  Sheridan's  Troopers,  with  every  piece  of  artillery,  and 
his  wards,  the  recaptured  prisoners,  were  safely  across  the  Chicka- 
hominy.  The  enemy's  cavalry  did  not  follow  after  the  crossing  was 
made,  and  it  remained  for  the  guerrillas  who  at  a  safe  distance  were 
frequently  in  sight,  following  in  the  hope  that  some  worn  out  soldier 
or  weary  horse  might  be  their  prey,  to  remind  us  that  we  were  still  in 
the   enemy's   country. 

Reaching  Malvern  Hill,  overlooking  the  James  River,  on  the 
thistoric  field  where  in  1862  the  Forty-fourth  greatly  distinguished 
itself  in  battle,  the  opportunity  came  for  the  transfer  by  General  Sheri- 
dan of  the  recaptured  prisoners,  to  General  Butler,  whose  army  lay 
at  Bermuda  Hundreds,  across  the  river.  One  of  Uncle  Sam's  gun- 
boats near  by,  gave  assurance  of  protection,  and  after  communicating 
with  Butler,  who  promised  to  send  boat  for  us  next  day,  we  bivouacked 
near  Haxall's  Landing.  The  cavalry  proceeded  on  its  way  with  our 
hearty  God  speed  and  sincere  thanks  for  delivery.  At  Bermuda  Hun- 
dreds we  were  supplied  with  clean  underwear,  which  was  eagerly 
received  and  greatly  needed ;  thanks  to  that  grand  association  of  good 
men  and  women  called  the  Sanitary  Commission. 

The  following  day  we  were  taken  by  boat  to  Fortress  Monroe,  where 
transfer  was  made  to  another  steamer,  arriving  at  Alexandria  on  the  17th 
day  of  May.  On  the  i8th  our  party  reached  Camp  Distribution,  and  the 
next  day  the  writer  secured  pass  to  Washington  and  provided  himself 
with  sword  and  belt  and  sundry  items  of  wearing  apparel.  On  return  to 
camp,  orders  were  received  directing  us  to  report  to  Col.  Tally,  who  was 
to  command  a  provisional  battalion  and  march  to  the  front.  On  the  20th 
the  march  was  begun.  On  the  21st  a  detail  of  50  men  was  made  to  guard 
a  wagon  train,  with  Capt.  Bradford  R.  Wood,  Lieut.  Edward  Bennett 
and  the  writer,  in  charge.  Starting  at  midnight,  we  reached  Fredericks- 
burg about  7  A.  M.,  Sunday,  May  22d,  remaining  during  the  day  and 
visiting  hospitals  where  a  number  of  the  Forty-fourth  men  lay  wounded. 
On  the  23d  the  train  was  started,  and  the  rest  of  the  Provisional  Bat- 
talion joined  in  guarding  it.  A  march  of  twenty-two  miles  brought 
us  to  Bowling  Green,  and  three  miles  more  the  next  day,  to  Milford  Sta- 
tion. On  the  26th,  the  wagon  train  having  been  safely  delivered  to 
proper  authorities,  we  started  for  the  regiment,  where  the  glad  reception 
by  our  old  comrades,  who  had  supposed  some  of  us  dead,  made  our 


26o       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

hearts  warm.  Here  for  the  first  time,  information  reached  us  of  the 
wounding  of  Col.  Conner  and  Major  Knox  at  Laurel  Hill,  and  of  the 
fact  that  Capt.  Nash  had  been  thereafter  in  command  until  the  arrival  of 
Capt.  Allen,  who,  because  of  seniority  in  rank,  assumed  command.  At 
the  request  of  the  latter,  the  writer  resumed  his  duties  as  Acting  Ad- 
jutant, and  the  work  went  on. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      261 

"NEW"  COMPANY  E,  44TH  N.  Y.  VOL. 
By  Capt.  A.  N.  Husted. 

Volunteers  for  the  Union  Army  in  the  summer  of  1862  consisted, 
largely,  of  high-grade  young  men  from  our  schools  and  colleges  who  had 
not,  previously,  felt  that  they  had  been  "called,"  but,  the  Union  defeat  in 
the  "Peninsula  Campaign"  and  the  urgent  necessity  for  more  men  to 
sustain  the  Union  flag,  now  impelled  them  to  drop  their  books  and 
shoulder  their  muskets  for  the  National  Service.  It  was  at  this  period 
that  the  "Normal  School"  Company  enlisted.  The  Normal  boys  formed 
a  strong  nucleus  but  it  was  necessary  to  invite  others — of  similar  char- 
acter so  far  as  practicable — to  fill  up  the  Company.  The  Company  owed 
its  inspiration  and,  also  its  organization,  to  Rodney  G.  Kimball  and 
Albert  N.  Husted  who,  at  that  time,  were  Professors  in  the  State  Nor- 
mal School  (now  State  Normal  College)  at  Albany.  Wm.  Kidd  of  Al- 
bany also  rendered  valuable  assistance. 

Capt.  Kimball  commanded  the  Company  at  the  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg, December,  1862,  and  until  February  4,  1863,  when  he  left  the  regi- 
ment on  "Sick  Leave;"  he  was  honorably  discharged  on  "Surgeon's 
Certificate  of  Disability"  April  16,  1863 ;  he  was  Professor  of  Applied 
Mathematics  in  the  Brooklyn  Polytechnic  Institution  from  July,  1869, 
until  his  decease  April  25,  1900. 

Lieut.  Husted  participated  in  all  the  engagements  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  from  October,  1862,  to  October,  1864,  and  was  slightly 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville;  he  was  promoted  Captain, 
with  rank  from  September  20,  1863,  and  honorably  discharged  October 
14,  1864.  He  still  survives,  in  excellent  health;  since  July,  1869,  he  has 
been  Professor  of  Mathematics  in  the  State  Normal  College  at  Albany. 

Lieut.  Kidd  served  with  the  Company  at  the  battle  of  Fredericks- 
burg, and  was  honorably  discharged  January  28,  1863,  to  accept  the  ap- 
pointment of  Military  Secretary  to  Gov.  Seymour;  he  has  retired  from 
business  and  resides  at  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y. 

The  Company  was  "enlisted"  at  Albany,  but  nearly  all  its  members 
were  from  other  places,  as  shown  in  the  "Roster." 

As  an  organization  the  Company  participated  in  all  the  battles  in 
which  the  regiment  was  engaged  and  all  the  battles  in  which  the  44th 
Battalion  was  engaged. 

Of  the  one  hundred  men,  originally  enlisted,  seventeen  died  of 
wounds  received  in  battle ;  eight  died  of  disease  contracted  in  the  service ; 
twenty  received  wounds  which  did  not  prove  fatal;  seven  were  com- 
missioned as  officers  in  U.  S.  Colored  troops,  five  of  them  as  Captains ; 
seven  received  commissions  in  New  York  Volunteer  regiments;  twelve 
were  discharged  because  of  physical  disability;  nine  were  transferred 
to  the  Invalid  Corps  and  three  to  the  Signal  Corps.  Only  one  "de- 
serted," and  he  before  the  Company  left  Albany. 

When  the  term  of  the  regiment  expired,  August,  1864,  the  enlisted 
men,  then  remaining  on  the  rolls  of  th«  Company,  were  transferred  to 
the  140th  N.  Y.  Volunteers. 


262      44  th   new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

THE  CAPTAIN'S  STORY. 
By  Capt.  Charles  A.  Woodworth. 

The  Captain  was  a  war  enthusiast.  He  was  dead  in  earnest.  He 
knew  why  he  was  there  at  the  front  in  the  thick  of  battle.  He  had  read 
the  speeches  of  Charles  Sumner  and  the  editorials  of  Horace  Greeley. 
He  had  taught  school  in  Kentucky  during  the  John  Brown  raid.  He  had 
seen  slaves  sold  at  auction  and  cruelly  whipped.  Truly  the  "iron  had 
entered  his  soul"  and  he  was  ready  for  the  sacrifice. 

The  Captain  was  young,  he  was  only  twenty-two,  but,  to  quote  from 
his  own  note  book  of  that  da}',  not  too  young  to  have  a  part  in  the  great 
struggle.  The  day  after  Sumter  was  fired  upon,  he  rode  into  Buffalo 
and  enlisted  in  a  cavalry  regiment  being  raised  by  Alexander  Sloan,  but 
word  came  that  the  Government  would  not  accept  any  cavalry  at  that 
time.  The  next  opportunity  that  came  to  him  was  enlistment  in  the 
Forty-fourth,  for  which  regiment  he,  with  Captains  Nash  and  Grannis, 
raised  a  Company,  and  now  he  was  here  commanding  Company  A  at 
the  battle  of  Malvern  Hill.  The  regiment  was  passing  through  the  Seven 
Days  fight  and  this  was  the  last  day  of  that  campaign.  Only  seventeen 
miles  from  Richmond ;  we  shall  surely  take  it  said  these  patriots.  But 
the  fortunes  of  war  were  otherwise.  A  charge  was  ordered  and  down 
the  hill,  with  the  Captain  at  their  head,  went  the  gallant  Company  A. 
When  within  a  few  rods  of  the  gray  hats  in  front  of  them,  a  bullet 
struck  the  Captain  and  he  fell  upon  his  face  upon  the  field.  The  Com- 
pany went  on  and  the  enemy  was  routed,  fleeing  in  great  disorder  and 
leaving  us  in  possession  of  the  field. 

A  little  later  Whip  Wickwire  found  the  Captain  lying  on  his  face 
with  arms  outstretched  and  exclaimed :  "This  looks  like  our  Captain," 
and  stooping  down  he  turned  him  over.  Calling  two  comrades  he  said : 
"The  Captain  is  dead ;  he  holds  his  sword  with  a  death  grip ;  we  must 
leave  him  and  go  on.  Poor  fellow!  that  is  what  we  are  here  for,  to 
die  for  our  country."  But  the  evening  air  after  a  time  and  a  chance  to 
breathe  revived  him,  and  he  had  just  struggled  to  his  feet,  putting  his 
sword  into  the  ground  for  support,  when  William  Cunningham  of  Black 
Rock  came  along,  saying:  "You  are  badly  hurt.  Captain,  what  can  I  do 
for  you?"  "Where  am  I  hit?"  said  the  Captain  for  he  was  unable  to 
see  or  to  find  his  wounds,  though  the  blood  was  running  down  his 
clothes  and  he  was  growing  weaker.  "In  the  face  and  eyes"  said  Cun- 
ningham, and  calling  another  comrade  they  dragged  him  to  the  surgeon 
who  cared  for  him.  Afterward,  Joseph  Morse,  now  of  Plainfield,  N.  J., 
called  a  Massachusetts  surgeon  who  looked  at  him  and  said :  "I  can  do 
nothing  for  him;  take  him  and  lay  him  in  the  barn."  This  they  did 
where  the  good  comrade,  Morse,  washed  the  blood  from  his  face, 
brought  him  some  water  and  left  him,  as  he  supposed,  to  die.  But  the 
Captain  did  not  die.  With  a  cold  compress  on  his  eyes,  weak  and  weary, 
he  went  to  sleep.     There  were  365  men  in  this  barn  besides  himself, 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      263 

many  of  whom  died  that  night.  The  surgeons  were  busy  all  night,  but 
they  did  not  go  near  him,  supposing  him  to  be  mortally  wounded,  but 
the  night's  sleep  did  him  good.  He  awoke  in  the  morning  somewhat 
refreshed,  but  astounded  and  indignant  when  a  man  kicked  him  on  the 
leg  and  said :  "Get  up  here."  Unable  to  see  and  not  recognizing  the 
voice,  he  said:  "Well,  who  are  you?"  "I  belong  to  Hill's  Cavalry  and 
you  are  our  prisoners."  The  Captain's  heart  sank.  Here  he  was,  blind, 
a  prisoner,  in  the  enemy's  country."  Where  is  our  army?  and  why  are 
we  left  wounded  and  dying  on  the  field  after  a  victory?"  That  is  one  of 
the  mysteries  that  has  never  been  cleared  up.  The  army  had  been  moved 
at  midnight  to  Harrison's  Landing.  These  men  were  kept  in  the  barn 
five  days  and  this  was  their  ration :  the  Confederates  had  six  barrels  of 
flour  and  some  Virginia  peas.  They  mixed  the  flour  with  cold  water 
and  baked  it  in  a  fire  made  of  rails  outside  the  barn.  It  was  burned  hard 
so  it  had  to  be  chopped  in  pieces  with  an  ax.  This  was  given  to  the 
prisoners  with  a  half  pint  cup  half  full  of  pea  soup.  The  Captain,  on 
account  of  swollen  jaw  and  aching  face,  could  not  eat  the  bread,  but 
lived  mostly  upon  the  soup.  Why  the  Captain  did  not  die  under  this 
treatment,  I  do  not  know,  only  it  seemed  to  be  his  destiny  to  see  the  close 
of  the  war  and  afterward  have  a  long  and  busy  life.  At  the  end  of  the  five 
days  in  the  barn,  a  long  wagon  train  of  65  four  mule  teams  conveyed 
them  to  Richmond  and  put  them  in  Libby  Prison.  The  Captain  will 
never  forget  that  ride  of  seventeen  miles  in  those  army  wagons,  nor  the 
dreadful  jar  to  his  wounded  face  over  the  rough  roads.  But  at  last  they 
reached  the  prison  and  he  was  put  in  the  hospital  department  and  laid 
upon  a  cot.  Here  he  had  a  better  ration,  soft  bread  and  boiled  beef 
twice  a  day  and,  best  of  all,  his  dear  friend  and  comrade,  Charlie  Gran- 
nis.  who  had  been  taken  prisoner  four  days  before  at  the  battle  of  Gaines 
Mills,  saw  his  name  in  the  Richmond  papers  as  wounded  and  in  the 
prison.  When  the  nurses  came  up  on  the  third  floor  where  he  was  after 
the  mail  and  to  hear  the  news,  he  tied  a  towel  around  his  waist  as  he 
saw  they  did,  and  slipped  in  among  them  and  so  ran  the  guard  and  came 
down  to  the  hospital  where  his  friend,  the  Captain,  was.  That  was  a 
joyful  meeting  and  the  Captain  obtained  permission  of  the  surgeons  to 
let  him  stay  as  nurse. 

And  what  was  the  Captain  thinking  of  all  this  time,  blind,  in  prison 
and  in  this  terrible  condition,  in  the  enemy's  country.  Was  he  despond- 
ent and  without  hope?  His  family  at  home  mourning  him  as  dead,  so 
many  of  his  regiment  having  testified  to  seeing  him  fall,  shot  through 
the  head.  No,  indeed,  he  was  cheerful,  trying  to  contrive  some  way  of 
escaping,  and  through  the  long  nights  the  23d  Psalm,  "The  Lord  is 
my  Shepherd,"  would  pass  through  his  mind,  comforting  him  and  giv- 
ing him  strength  to  endure  as  a  good  soldier  of  the  Cross.  I  am  sure  he 
had  no  thought  of  dying,  for  he  did  not  believe  himself  to  be  mortally 
wounded.  But  one  day,  the  i8th  of  July,  it  was  announced  that  60  of 
the  worst  wounded  ones  would  be  exchanged,  and  the  Captain  was  one 
of  them ;  and  Grannis  could  not  go ;  he  must  stay  as  he  was  not  wounded. 


264       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

This  was,  indeed,  a  sorrow  to  leave  his  best  friend  there.  This  was  also 
a  part  of  the  fortunes  of  war.  The  Captain  had  sent  his  clothes  to  be 
washed  and  they  brought  them  to  him,  all  but  the  trousers.  He  de- 
manded them  before  leaving  and  they  finally  brought  him  a  pair  of 
dirty,  greasy  rebel  pants.  The  Captain  felt  of  them  and  refused  to  put 
them  on.  They  waited  no  longer,  but  put  him  into  the  ambulance  with 
no  gentle  hands.  At  once  the  fresh  air,  the  singing  of  birds,  the  perfume 
of  roses,  and  the  easy  riding  ambulance  seemed  like  the  borderland  of 
heaven  to  the  wounded  Captain.  They  took  him  to  the  James  River 
where  there  was  a  flag  of  truce  boat  that  took  him  to  Fortress  Monroe, 
where  he  was  put  on  board  the  Commodore  Vanderbilt,  bound  for  New 
York,  his  native  State.  Here  the  Sanitary  Commission  supplied  all  his 
needs,  gave  him  trousers  and  good  food,  such  a  change  from  the  hot 
and  suffocating  prison  hospital.  The  journey  from  Richmond  to  New 
York  occupied  six  days,  a  long  time  compared  to  the  present  easy  journey 
by  rail.  In  New  York  City  the  Captain  received  every  kindness  and  at- 
tention that  a  loyal  people  could  give  to  a  Union  soldier.  On  landing,  he 
went  to  the  Dey  St.  Hotel.  The  proprietor  received  him  with  open 
arms,  sent  for  a  surgeon  to  dress  his  wounds,  entertained  him  and  sent 
him  in  a  carriage  to  take  the  boat  for  Albany,  where  he  was  to  take  the 
train  for  Buffalo.  At  Albany  he  found  Major  Knox  and  other  friends 
who  helped  him  on  his  way  and  when  he  boarded  the  train.  Conductor 
Crittenden  took  especial  care  of  him,  bringing  him  hot  cofTee  and  a  lunch 
at  midnight.  At  Buffalo,  Col.  E.  P.  Chapin  and  Col.  Botsford  met  him 
at  the  station,  giving  him  boxes  of  lint  and  other  things  necessary  to 
bind  up  his  wounds.  From  Buffalo  a  ride  of  35  miles  was  before  him, 
most  of  the  way  by  stage.  At  Rice's  Corners,  Comrade  George  Orr  took 
him  the  rest  of  the  way  in  his  carriage  and  about  sundown,  July  24th, 
led  him  into  his  father's  house.  Great  was  the  rejoicing.  Soon  the 
house  and  yard  were  filled  with  the  people  of  the  village.  Solomon 
Lincoln,  the  merchant  of  the  village  and  of  whom  the  Captain  was  a 
great  favorite,  ordered  out  the  village  cannon,  supplied  the  powder  and 
the  firing  began.  The  farmers  in  the  surrounding  country  heard  it  and 
hurried  to  the  village  to  hear  the  news,  for  it  was  the  custom  in  that 
town  to  fire  the  cannon  whenever  there  was  a  Union  victory.  But  on 
all  sides  you  only  heard :  "The  Captain  has  come  home ;  the  dead  has 
come  to  life  again." 

This  is  the  Captain's  story  and  we  may  say  in  conclusion  that  he 
partially  recovered  his  sight  and  returned  to  his  country's  service  and 
served  on  the  field  and  as  Military  Assistant  at  Philadelphia  till  the  close 
of  the  war. 


ELNATHAN    MEADE. 

Born  November  7,  1845,  in  the  Township  of  Gorham,  Ontario 
County,  New  York,  near  the  village  of  Rushville  and  entered  the  army 
from  the  town  of  Italy,  Yates  County,  New  York,  in  August  1862,  in 
Co.  C.  44th  N.  Y.  Vols. ;  was  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg, 
Va.,  December  13,  1862,  and  again  May  5,  1864.  very  severely  at  the 
Battle  of  the  Wilderness,  Va.  by  a  musket  ball  weighing  one  ounce 
passing  through  the  head  and  face.  The  wound  is  a  very  remarkable 
one  and  according  to  the  records  of  the  Surgeon-General,  the  only  one 
of  that  character  on  record. 

Dr.  T.  B.  Hood,  Chief  of  the  Medical  Division  of  the  U.  S.  Pension 
Office  (Medical  Referee),  describes  the  disability  resulting  from  gun- 
shot wound  of  head  as  follows : 

"I  certify  that  I  have  intimately  known  Mr.  EInathan  Meade 
and  that  at  intervals,  for  several  years  past,  he  has  been  in  my 
professional  care  for  the  results  of  a  gun-shot  wound  of  his  head 
and  face.  The  missile,  a  large  musket  ball,  struck  him  a  little  above 
the  external  canthus  of  the  left  eye  and,  passing  somewhat  down- 
ward, emerged  just  in  front  of  the  ear  upon  the  right  side  of  the 
face.  In  its  track  the  ball  fractured  the  malar  or  cheek-bone  Cits 
zygomatic  process)  passed  through  the  floor  of  the  orbit  of  the  left 
eye,  fracturing  the  orbital  plate  of  the  upper  jaw-bone  (superior 
maxillary),  injuring  the  globe  of  the  eye,  passed  the  nasal  fossse, 
fracturing  the  bones  there,  and  passing  through  the  right  upper 
jaw-bone,  emerged  through  the  rannis  of  the  lower  jaw-bone  (inferior 
maxillary),    fracturing   it." 

(over) 


ELXATHAX    MEADE  —  continued 

Thus  the  ball  passed  through  the  face  from  left  to  right.  The 
statement  that  Mr.  Meade  was  thought  to  have  been  killed  outright 
at  first,  and  that  when  it  was  apparent  that  that  was  not  true  it  was 
believed  scarcely  worth  while  to  waste  time  and  attention  upon  so 
hopeless  a  case,  is  wholly  credible,  and  most  certainly  few  persons 
would  recover  from  so  severe  a  wound. 

The  sight  of  the  left  eye  is  wholly  destroyed,  and  there  is  growing 
involvement  of  the  right  e\e  from  sympathy.  The  worst  of  the  case 
is  the  involvement  of  the  whole  nervous  system  as  a  result  of  the 
wound. 

Was  discharged  the  service  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability 
and  for  over  a  year  after  leaving  the  service  Mr.  Meade  was  unable 
to  masticate  solid  food;  lived  ou  liquid  food  entirely,  and  during  this 
time  he  made  a  wedge  out  of  a  pine  stick  which  he  carried  in  his 
pocket  and  every  hour  of  the  day  he  would  pry  his  jaws  open  so  as 
to  enable  him  to  get  a  more  sulistantial  quantity  of  food  in  his  mouth. 

By  Special  Act  of  Congress,  approved  by  President  Harrison,  Mr. 
Meade  was  granted  an  increase  of  his  pension. 

In  1875  he  was  elected  to  the  ofiice  of  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  and 
for  Yates  County.  N.  Y.  In  1881  he  was  appointed  to  a  clerkship  in 
the  Interior  Department,  Washirgton.  D.  C.  In  1887  he  married  Miss 
Lizzie  Lindsley,  daughter  of  Elzor  B.  Lindsley,  Esq.,  of  Rushville, 
N.  Y.,  and  has  one  child.  Lola  ^Madeline  Meade. 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      265 

ELNATHAN  MEADE'S  STORY. 
By  Himself. 

You  wish  me  to  tell  how  I  got  from  the  field  at  the  Battle  of  the 
Wilderness,  May  5,  1864. 

The  first  thing  I  remember  after  regaining  consciousness  was  that 
I  found  myself  between  Orrin  E.  Watkins  and  Stephen  P.  Dye  (mem- 
bers of  my  Company),  with  my  arms  over  their  shoulders,  slowly  walk- 
ing down  the  road  in  the  rear  of  the  line  of  battle,  looking  for  the  field 
hospital  tent  for  medical  aid.  I  was  almost  blind,  and  so  weak  from  the 
great  loss  of  blood  that  I  could  not  stand  on  my  feet  without  help. 

We  soon  found  men  with  a  stretcher  and  I  was  laid  on  it  and  the 
surgeon  cut  out  the  ball,  which  had  passed  through  from  my  left  temple 
and  was  protruding  just  under  the  skin  under  my  right  ear.  After  this 
I  was  carried  on  the  stretcher  a  short  distance  to  the  hospital  tent, 
which  was  about  full  of  wounded,  and  laid  down  in  a  corner  on  some 
pine  boughs  for  bedding. 

I  remained  in  this  position  until  the  next  day  before  I  had  any 
attention.  When  it  was  found  out  that  I  was  still  alive,  my  face  was 
washed  in  warm  water  and  my  wounds  were  bandaged  up  the  best  they 
could  be  under  the  circumstances. 

The  reason  I  was  not  attended  to  at  once,  as  I  was  told  afterwards, 
was  that  the  surgeon  told  the  hospital  steward  that  I  could  not  live  an 
hour  and  he  had  better  attend  to  those  who  had  a  chance  to  live.  I 
remember  Lieut.  Orett  L.  Munger  called  to  look  after  the  boys.  I  was 
only  a  few  feet  away  from  Munger  when  I  was  wounded. 

I  can  not  recall  to  mind  how  long  I  lay  on  the  field  or  how  long  I 
remained  in  the  field  hospital,  but  not  very  long  before  I  was  put  in  a 
baggage  wagon  (the  ambulances  had  all  been  filled  up  with  wounded), 
and  sent  to  Fredericksburg,  Va.,  and  left  on  the  sidewalk  of  one  of  the 
streets  with  many  hundred  others,  all  wounded,  to  stay  until  a  place 
could  be  found  for  us. 

A  soldier  of  the  7th  Wisconsin  regiment  came  along  and  I  told  him 
in  the  best  way  I  could  (I  could  not  talk  loud)  that  I  wanted  to  go  to  a 
place  where  I  could  get  medical  attention.  He  kindly  raised  me  up  and 
let  me  lean  on  his  shoulders  and  we  walked  slowly  along  to  an  old 
factory  or  mill,  near  the  river,  where  were  one  or  two  hundred  wounded 
men.  I  was  taken  in  and  given  a  bed  on  the  floor  with  a  blanket  under 
me.  My  wounds  were  attended  to  by  the  nurses,  but  I  could  eat  nothing. 
All  the  nourishment  for  a  few  days  was  a  teacupful  of  beef  tea  and  water 
to  drink. 

Here  I  found  Andrew  Giddings,  of  my  Company.  He  had  lost  an 
arm.  When  we  had  been  in  this  place  for  about  two  weeks,  getting  more 
restless  all  the  time  to  get  away  to  better  quarters,  one  day  we  both 
agreed  to  start  out  on  foot  for  Acquia  Creek  and  try  to  board  a  boat 
going  up  the  Potomac  to  Washington,  to  get  into  one  of  the  hospitals 
there  where  we  could  get  better  care. 


266      44th  new   YORK    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

Well,  I  made  up  a  little  bundle,  a  nice,  fine,  red  woolen  shirt  and 
some  handkerchiefs  and  stockings,  that  the  ladies  of  the  Christian  Com- 
mission had  given  me,  and  we  started ;  we  walked  in  the  direction  of 
the  road  which  we  were  to  take.  I  had  not  walked  more  than  five  rods 
from  the  building  which  we  left  before  my  strength  gave  out  entirely 
and  I  dropped  down  by  the  roadside,  utterly  exhausted  and  unable  to 
stand  up  longer.  Very  soon  two  strong  men  with  a  stretcher  came  and 
placed  me  on  it,  carried  me  back  to  my  old  place  on  the  floor,  where  I 
remained  until  I  was  sent  to  Fairfax  Seminary  hospital,  near  Alexan- 
dria, Va.,  thence  to  Mower  General  Hospital,  Chestnut  Hill,  Philadel- 
phia, Fa. 

Giddings  walked  on  and  was  fortunate  in  getting  on  a  farmer's 
wagon  and  reached  Acquia  Creek,  where  he  got  passage  on  a  boat  and 
got  to  Washington  and  found  good  quarters  in  some  one  of  the  hospitals 
of  the  city.  He  has  been  dead  many  years.  He  was  a  brave  and  good 
soldier. 

I  was  discharged  on  Surgeon's  certificate  of  disability  and  left  the 
service  the  last  of  October,  1864,  and  went  back  to  New  York,  on  the 
farm,  to  regain  my  health  and  strength,  and  later  came  to  Washington 
to  accept  a  Government  position. 

Elnathan  Meade. 

Washington,  D.  C,  November  11,  1909. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      267 


CAPTAIN  GRANNIS   IN  LIBBY  PRISON. 

His  Interesting  Personal  Reminiscences  Constitute  a  Valuable  Review. 
(From  Kalamazoo  Daily  Telegraph,  Feb.  23d  and  Feb.  25,  1901.) 
("The  following  narrative  of  civil  war  recollections  was  prepared 
by  the  late  Capt.  Charles  D.  Grannis,  at  the  instance,  as  is  supposed,  of 
Capt.  C.  A.  Woodworth. 

"The  original  draft,  from  which  our  copy  was  made,  was  in  pencil 
on  loose  sheets  of  paper." — Ed.) 

"At  about  9  o'clock  on  the  morning  of  the  27th  of  June,  1862  (second 
of  the  seven  days'  fight  on  the  peninsula),  our  corps,  the  Fifth,  moved 
into  position  and  began  preparations  for  battle.  The  day  before  there 
had  been  considerable  fighting  near  Mechanicsville  bridge  across  the 
Chickahominy  river,  but  we  did  not  participate.  I  think  that  none  of  our 
corps  were  engaged  on  the  26th.  While  we  were  getting  into  position 
on  the  27th,  we  could  hear  evidences  of  sharp  fighting,  continually  grow- 
ing more  distinct,  so  we  knew  our  troops  were  falling  back.  Our  posi- 
tion was  a  good  one,  well  chosen  for  defence,  being  along  the  north 
side  of  a  ravine  with  moderate  slope  to  the  sides,  that  on  the  south  side 
being  some  steeper,  and  rising  considerably  higher  than  on  the  side  oc- 
cupied by  our  troops.  At  the  bottom  of  the  ravine  was  a  small  creek 
which  had  cut  a  channel  about  five  or  six  feet  in  depth. 

The  ravine  and  creek  were  crossed  by  a  highway  just  at  the  right 
of  our  regiment.  We  destroyed  the  bridge,  and  felled  all  of  the  timber 
growing  in  our  front,  tops  to  the  south.  Some  of  the  larger  trees  lying 
across  the  channel  were  trimmed  so  as  to  admit  of  our  skirmishers 
passing  back  and  forth  on  them.  Some  of  our  men  having  been  engaged 
in  building  a  dam  a  short  distance  below  the  left  of  the  regiment,  it  was 
not  long  before  the  water  was  rising  in  the  channel,  and  by  night  it  was 
banks  full.  Our  regiment  was  the  extreme  left  of  the  infantry  on  that 
side  of  the  Chickahominy,  an  almost  impassable  swamp  free  from  timber, 
extending  from  near  our  left  to  the  river.  Of  course,  the  greater  part 
of  our  force  was  engaged  in  throwing  up  works,  and  by  the  time  we 
needed  them  our  pits  were  very  good  protection. 

Across  the  ravine  to  our  front  the  ground  rose  to  a  point  I  should 
guess  to  be  forty  feet  higher  than  our  position,  with  very  little  timber. 
Beyond  the  brow  of  the  hill  were  extensive  wheat  fields  reaching  across 
to  timber,  which  must  have  been  nearly  a  mile  from  our  position.  Our 
skirmishers  were  well  advanced  in  this  cleared  country.  It  must  have 
been  about  noon  when  our  skirmishers  were  first  driven  in,  and  the  first 
attempt  made  to  dislodge  us.  The  Confederates  came  with  a  rush,  but 
as  they  showed  themselves  on  the  brow  of  the  hill  in  our  front,  as  I 
recollect  not  more  than  fifteen  rods  or  so  distant,  our  fire  was  too  much 
for  them  and  back  they  went,  and  all  along  our  line  they  met  an  equally 
hot  reception.  My  recollection  is  that  they  tried  us  four  times  during 
the  afternoon  without  success,  their  fifth  and  successful  assault  being 


268       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

away  to  our  right,  directed  against  the  second  division,  the  regular 
division  of  our  corps. 

This  must  have  been  at  about  6 :30  or  6 :45  p.  m.  It  had  been  very 
quiet  in  our  front  for  some  time,  and  Lieutenant  Colonel  J.  C.  Rice,  who 
was  then  commanding  the  regiment,  happening  to  be  near  Company  H, 
of  which  I  was  then  first  sergeant,  instructed  me  to  go  out  to  the  skir- 
mish line  (which,  by  the  way,  was  entirely  out  of  sight  from  our  posi- 
tion), and  get  what  information  I  could.  So  shouldering  my  musket 
I  started.  I  remember  Lieutenant  Jones,  of  Company  D,  was  in  com- 
mand, and  from  him  learned  that  the  skirmish  line  in  his  front,  with 
whom  his  men  were  exchanging  shots,  comprised  all  the  force  that  he 
knew  of.  Not  long  after  I  reached  the  front,  a  tremendous  musketry 
fire  set  in  back  of  our  lines,  but  knowing  it  could  not  be  our  brigade,  I 
did  not  think  much  of  it.  More  especially  the  case,  as  just  then  the 
Confederate  skirmish  line  made  an  attempt  to  advance,  which,  of  course, 
I  took  a  hand  in  resisting.  The  fighting  behind  us  grew  heavier  if  any- 
thing, and  it  was  not  long  before  we  discovered  a  line  of  battle  bearing 
down  on  us,  crowding  close  up  to  their  skirmishers.  Of  course  we  ac- 
cepted the  invitation  to  retire,  but  did  so  slowly,  supposing  the  as- 
sault would  result  as  the  others  had  done.  Before  reaching  the  brow 
of  the  hill,  the  heavy  firing  we  had  been  listening  to  had  pretty  much 
stopped  and  I  remember  thinking  that  another  repulse  had  been  dealt 
them,  and  that  the  troops  following  us  would  probably  go  back  without 
assaulting.  It  was  getting  towards  dusk  at  this  time,  and  a  very  dense 
smoke  made  it  seem  still  darker.  The  line  of  battle  in  our  front  halted 
for  a  few  minutes,  perhaps  to  align  and  get  closed  up  ready  for  action, 
and  then  again  drove  ahead.  When  we  broke  over  the  top  of  the  hill, 
the  Confederates  were  so  close  to  us,  that  we  thought  it  advisable  to  get 
inside  our  works  as  soon  as  possible,  so  made  a  run  for  it,  and  jumped 
over  our  works  to  find  them  occupied  by  a  thin  line  of  rebels  and  our- 
selves prisoners.  If  we  had  discovered  that  the  rebels  had  our  works, 
I  think  we  could  have  crossed  the  swamp  to  the  river,  crossed  that,  and 
soon  found  our  friends.  My  recollection  is  that  thirteen  others  were 
captured  with  me,  and  as  many  more  of  our  regiment  further  to  the 
right.  I  had  often  said  I  would  never  be  taken  ahve,  but  when  it  came 
to  the  pinch  I  changed  my  mind.  I  thought  at  the  time  that  I  might 
possibly  shoot  two  men,  bayonet  another  and  then  die  myself,  and  I 
thought  it  not  worth  while. 

The  prisoners  were  divided  into  squads,  seven  of  us  being  placed  in 
charge  of  five  men  with  instructions  to  take  us  to  Richmond.  We  soon 
started,  and  though  we  marched  nearly  all  night  did  not  cross  Mechan- 
icsville  bridge  till  just  before  daylight.  I  think  our  guards  lost  their 
bearings,  and  wandered  around  some.  Soon  after  crossing  the  bridge, 
we  joined  quite  a  large  body  of  prisoners  and  with  them  went  into  Rich- 
mond. At  first  I  was  placed  in  what  was  called  the  "prison  room,"  that 
was  the  top  floor  of  the  up  river  end  of  the  building,  Libby  prison,  a 
room  40  X  80  feet,  in  which  were  confined  356  men.    When  we  lay  down 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      269 

at  night  it  was  necessary  to  do  so  in  rows  in  order  to  give  all  a  chance. 
While  here  our  rations  were  very  insufficient,  and  were  issued  at  ir- 
regular intervals,  and  we  became  hungrier  all  the  time.  A  small  ration 
of  sour  bread,  one  very  small  ration  of  fresh  beef,  boiled  without  salt, 
and  a  ration  of  blackeyed  pea  soup,  cooked  so  little  that  when  poured 
from  one  dish  to  another  the  peas  would  rattle,  constituted  our  daily 
supply  of  food.  I  think  I  remained  in  this  room  ten  days.  Two  or  three 
days  previous  to  my  change  of  quarters,  I  learned  by  a  Richmond  paper 
that  Charles  A.  Woodworth,  first  lieutenant  of  Company  H,  Forty- 
Fourth,  was  captured  at  Savage  Station,  badly  wounded,  and  was  brought 
to  Libby  prison  hospital.  I  was  very  anxious  to  get  to  him  and  every 
time  a  prison  official  came  in  sight  I  importuned  him  for  permission 
to  go,  but  with  no  result,  and  was  giving  it  up  as  impossible,  when  one 
morning  a  transfer  of  some  prisoners  was  to  be  made  and  the  doors, 
leading  down  through  the  building  from  one  end  to  the  other,  were 
opened,  a  guard  being  placed  at  each. 

I  soon  observed  two  or  three  fellows  moving  about,  each  with  a 
towel  tied  about  the  waist.  Speaking  with  one.  I  found  he  was  a  nurse 
in  the  hospital,  which  was  on  the  lower  floor,  at  the  other  end  of  the 
building,  and  said  he  had  been  given  permission  to  come  up  there  and 
see  if  he  had  any  friends  among  the  prisoners.  After  a  little  hesitation, 
I  tied  my  towel  about  my  waist,  wandered  around  in  sight  of  the  guard 
for  a  while,  then  approached  him  with  all  the  confidence  I  could  mus- 
ter, said  "nurse  in  hospital,"  and  passed  him  as  though  it  was  a  matter 
of  course.  I  had  no  trouble  with  the  other  guards,  and  soon  found 
myself  in  the  hospital  room.  Much  to  my  surprise,  I  found  Dr.  Bentley, 
our  assistant  brigade  surgeon,  in  immediate  charge  of  that  floor.  He 
was  captured  at  Savage  Station,  with  a  large  number  of  wounded  men, 
I  suppose  at  the  same  time  Lieutenant  Woodworth  was  taken.  I  at 
once  told  Dr.  Bentley  how  I  came  to  be  there  and  asked  that  I  be  de- 
tailed as  a  nurse.  He  assured  me  I  should  remain  there  as  long  as  he 
did,  anyway.  I  soon  found  Lieutenant  Woodworth,  and  in  order  that  I 
might  give  him  special  attention,  was  given  day  duty  in  his  ward. 

The  hospital  floor  was  about  the  same  size  as  the  prison,  40  x  80 
feet,  with  a  small  room  partitioned  ofif  in  one  corner  for  a  drug  room, 
which  was  presided  over  by  two  hospital  stewards,  prisoners.  I  never 
saw  a  man  more  pleased  than  was  Woodworth  when  he  heard  my  voice. 
Poor  fellow !  His  face  was  covered  with  a  bandage,  and  with  that  off 
he  could  see  nothing,  but  how  glad  he  was  to  talk.  I  forget  at  first  how 
many  men  I  had  to  care  for,  but  I  think  about  twenty,  some  of  them 
amputated  cases.  About  two  weeks  after  I  entered  the  hospital,  a  large 
lot  of  the  patients  who  could  stand  moving,  Woodworth  among  the 
number,  were  sent  north.  Dr.  Bentley  going  also.  I  tried  hard  to  get 
away  with  the  others,  but  I  was  too  healthy.  A  Confederate  surgeon, 
named  Brock,  then  took  charge  of  the  hospital,  and  I  must  say  that  our 
men  were  more  carefully  looked  after  and  more  kindness  shown  them 
in  every  way  than  had  been  the  case  under  Dr.  Bentley.    Dr.  Brock  was 


270       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

a  gentleman  in  every  sense  of  the  word.  I  continued  doing  nurse  duty 
about  ten  days  under  Dr.  Brock  and  then  he  made  me  what  they  called 
"sergeant  of  the  floor,"  giving  me  a  sort  of  general  supervision  of  the 
floor  with  authority  over  all  other  nurses  in  his  absence.  I  had  for- 
gotten one  point. 

Two  days  before  this  occurred,  Ross,  the  prison  clerk,  the  most 
contemptible  scoundrel  I  ever  knew,  gave  orders  that  the  day  nurses 
should  scrub  the  floor  every  morning,  before  going  on  regular  duty.  A 
part  of  them  went  at  it;  but  a  man  named  Warner  and  myself  refused, 
and  were  at  once  hustled  into  a  prison  room  in  Castle  thunder,  I  pre- 
sume without  Dr.  Brock's  knowledge.  Anyway,  pretty  early  in  the  morn- 
ing of  the  third  day  we  were  taken  back  to  Libby  and  I  received  pro- 
motion. Ross,  the  clerk,  and  I  had  for  some  time  been  on  bad  terms, 
owing  to  his  abuse  of  prisoners,  which  I  always  resented ;  and  I  know 
that  after  this  he  was  always  watching  for  some  chance  to  play  me  some 
meanness.  As  quite  a  large  number  of  amputated  cases  had  very  lately 
been  received,  a  part  of  my  duty  was  to  assist  Dr.  Brock  what  I  could  in 
dressing  them  twice  each  day,  and  I  became  moderately  skillful  in  wind- 
ing a  bandage.  As  I  endeavored  to  do  my  duty  faithfully,  I,  of  course, 
became  stronger  with  Dr.  Brock  every  day  and  to  good  purpose,  as  but 
for  that  Ross  would  have  come  out  ahead  once  at  least.  One  afternoon, 
he,  Ross,  came  into  the  hospital  with  several  young  fellows,  Middies,  I 
suppose,  from  some  gunboat  lying  near  Richmond,  who  wanted  to  see 
the  Yanks.  These  chaps  were  nicely  dressed  in  their  light  gray  uni- 
forms, with  all  the  gold  braid  the  law  allowed,  and  were  nice,  clean, 
pretty  fellows  anyway.  Ross  saying  that  he  was  too  busy  to  accompany 
them,  asked  me  to  show  them  around.  We  started  along  through  the 
hospital,  and  finally  stopped  near  the  back  end.  Right  there  was  a  bunk 
on  which  a  man  had  died  not  long  before,  whose  body  had  been  removed 
to  the  dead  room  in  the  basement,  but  no  change  had  as  yet  been  made 
in  the  covering  of  the  cot,  and  a  person  looking  at  it  carefully  would  not 
fail  to  see  numerous  creepers  moving  about.  Everything  about  the  hos- 
pital was  well  populated  with  vermin.  Well,  one  of  these  nice  fellows 
sat  down  on  that  bunk,  and  I  did  not  warn  him  of  the  consequence.  In 
fact,  I  really  enjoyed  seeing  him  there,  for  I  knew  he  wouldn't  have  to 
stay  there  long  to  get  "salted"  as  we  used  to  say. 

Well,  while  he  was  still  seated,  Ross  returned  and  at  once  told  him 
his  danger.  The  young  fellow  was  on  his  feet  instantly  and  made  very 
lively  efforts  to  brush  himself  with  his  hands.  Of  course  I  laughed. 
Ross  turned  on  me  with  an  oath,  and  questioned  why  I  didn't  caution  the 
man.  I  replied  that  "I  didn't  think  lice  would  hurt  him  any  more  than 
they  did  me,  and  I  was  lousier  than  thunder."  He  appeared  to  be  very 
angry,  and  after  considerable  abuse  he  started  out,  soon  returning  with 
a  corporal  and  four  men,  who,  under  his  orders,  seized  me  and  proceeded 
to  buck  and  gag  me.  After  a  while  they  succeeded  in  tying  me,  and  were 
preparing  the  gag,  when  Dr.  Brock  appeared  on  the  scene  and  ordered 
that  I  be  released,  saying  that  I  was  one  of  his  men,  and  he  would  not 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      271 

allow  me  to  be  punished.  Ross  made  a  strong  effort  to  carry  his  point, 
but  the  doctor  was  firm,  and  I  was  untied  at  once.  This  did  not  increase 
the  love  Ross  and  I  felt  for  each  other,  and  I  may  have  presumed  a 
little  on  the  doctor's  friendship  for  me,  in  my  treatment  of  Ross. 

The  water  supply  for  the  building  was  taken  from  the  James  river, 
brought  in  through  pipes.  Just  where  this  was  taken  from  the  river  I 
never  knew,  whether  from  above  or  below  Belle  Isle,  but  I  presume  from 
above,  for  I  do  not  think  there  was  much  sickness  caused  by  the  use  of 
that  water  which  would  have  been  the  case  had  it  been  contaminated.  I 
never  saw  Belle  Isle  but  once,  and  my  remembrance  of  it  is  an  island  of 
perhaps  three  acres  extent,  low  and  sandy,  with  a  few  trees.  I  think 
there  were  a  few  tents  erected  on  the  island,  but  as  a  rule  the  hundreds 
of  men  who  were  kept  there  found  any  sort  of  shelter  they  could,  and 
through  exposure  and  insufficient  food,  sickness  and  death  prevailed. 
Our  rebel  hospital  steward  asked  me  one  afternoon  for  a  detail  to  ac- 
company him  and  carry  some  medicines  to  Belle  Isle.  Thinking  that  I 
would  be  allowed  to  go  on  to  the  island  and  perhaps  see  some  friends 
or  acquaintances,  I  offered  to  go  myself;  so  taking  a  two  gallon  jug  of 
some  sort  of  compound  in  each  hand  and  promising  him  that  I  would 
make  no  effort  to  escape,  we  set  out  without  a  guard.  Carey  street, 
on  which  Libby  stood,  was  the  river  street  of  the  city,  and  our  route 
was  directly  up  river.  It  was  a  hot  afternoon  and  it  had  been  several 
weeks  since  I  had  been  out  in  the  sun,  and  I  remember  the  tramp  as  a 
pretty  tough  one.  Arrived  at  the  ferry  which  was  simply  a  landing  for 
an  ordinary  sized  skiff,  I  learned  for  the  first  time  that  I  would  not  be  al- 
lowed to  visit  the  island;  It  was  strictly  against  orders.  The  single  sen- 
tinel on  guard  had  no  shelter  from  the  sun,  and  the  prospect  of  stay- 
ing there  two  or  three  hours  with  him  was  not  pleasing.  The  steward 
taking  pity  on  me,  gave  me  the  choice  between  waiting  there  for  him, 
or  going  back  to  Libby  alone,  the  latter  on  very  faithful  promises  on 
my  part  that  I  would  go  back.  Nothing  was  said  as  to  the  route  I  should 
travel,  and  I  took  advantage  of  that  to  see  as  much  of  the  city  as  pos- 
sible, occupying  at  least  two  hours  on  the  return  trip,  and  arriving  at 
Libby  just  as  Ross,  the  clerk,  was  entering  the  building  to  "call  the  roll," 
which  was  in  reality  a  count  of  the  men,  trusting  to  men  answering  to 
names  not  being  allowed.  While  I  was  wandering  around  I  met  a  good 
many  curious  looks.  I  was  in  our  uniform,  and  to  see  one  of  our  fel- 
lows out  without  a  guard  was  something  of  a  curiosity,  I  guess,  to  most 
of  the  people  I  met.  I  was  not  molested,  however,  and  reached  Libby 
in  time  to  exchange  salutations  with  Ross  and  be  counted.  The  river 
water  brought  into  the  building  was  so  warm  and  insipid,  squads  of 
men  under  guard  were  allowed  to  go  once  daily  with  pails  to  a  big 
pump,  which  was,  I  think,  about  one-eighth  of  a  mile  from  Libby,  for 
water  to  use  in  the  hospital.  This  was  very  good  water,  cool  and  nice 
when  fresh,  but  without  ice  it  soon  got  warm.  It  was  a  ridiculous  spec- 
tacle to  see  six  or  eight  stalwart  Federals  in  charge,  perhaps,  of  two 
boys  who  looked  hardly  able  to  carry  muskets,  and  yet  that  was  about 


272       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

the  character  of  the  guard  frequently  sent  with  the  water  squads.  Of 
course  it  would  have  been  folly  for  one  to  have  tried  to  escape  by  day- 
light in  the  crowded  streets,  and  we  thought  sending  such  a  guard  was 
a  design  to  humiliate  our  men.  I  never  went  for  water  but  once  or 
twice,  and  we  then  had  respectable  guards.  The  men  comprising  the 
prison  guards  seemed  about  the  most  ignorant,  useless  fellows  in  exist- 
ence. I  remember  one  who  was  stationed  at  the  front  door  of  the  hos- 
pital, who,  when  he  saw  a  bottle  of  ink,  did  not  know  the  use  of  it. 
There  was  but  one  man  shot  by  a  guard  while  I  was  there.  A  man  on 
the  second  floor,  rear  end  of  the  building,  was  at  a  window  and  some 
way  made  himself  obnoxious  to  the  guard  on  the  sidewalk  below  him. 
The  guard  suddenly  raised  his  musket  and  fired.  He  missed  the  man 
he  fired  at,  but  the  bullet  entered  the  window  and  passed  through  the 
floor  above,  killing  a  man  who  chanced  to  be  in  its  way.  The  guard  was 
not  molested  for  this  act.  I,  one  evening,  surprised  a  guard,  and  it  has 
always  been  a  wonder  to  me  that  he  did  not  shoot.  As  I  have  said,  the 
hospital  was  in  the  lower  end  of  the  building  on  first  floor  above  the 
basement.  The  basement  doors  opened  onto  a  street,  I  forget  the  name. 
Carey  street  was  higher  and  the  first  floor  was  on  a  level  with  it  at 
front  end.  The  "dead  room,"  as  it  was  called,  was  in  the  basement,  one 
door  up  river  from  the  basement  under  the  hospital.  To  go  from  our 
basement  to  the  "dead  room,"  it  was  necessary  to  step  out  on  the  side- 
walk and  pass  along  for  30  or  40  feet  to  the  next  door.  On  this  evening 
an  ambulance  had  brought  a  very  sick  man  to  the  hospital  and  we  could 
not  move  him  without  a  stretcher.  We  had  but  one,  and  that  one  had 
been  taken  to  the  "dead  room"  with  a  corpse  late  in  the  day,  and  left 
there,  so  I  hurried  for  it.  The  guard  on  duty  patrolling  the  walk  there 
was  green,  and  the  instant  I  approached  on  the  walk  brought  his  musket 
to  bear  on  me.  I  simply  said  "dead  room"  and  passed  along.  I  soon 
appeared  with  the  stretcher,  his  musket  was  brought  to  bear  on  me  and 
covered  me  until  I  disappeared  in  the  door  of  our  basement.  If  he 
had  been  on  duty  around  there  long,  he  would  have  better  understood 
what  I  was  after  and  not  given  me  such  a  scare. 

About  two  weeks  before  I  left  Richmond  a  lot  of  men  in  Libby 
prison,  including  those  in  the  hospital  who  thought  themselves  well 
enough  to  make  the  trip,  were  allowed  to  sign  a  parole,  preparatory  to 
being  sent  north.  There  was  quite  a  crowd  about  the  table  where  they 
were  signing  in  the  hospital,  and  I  was  getting  nearer  to  the  table  every 
moment,  in  fact  had  pen  in  hand,  when  some  one  took  hold  of  me  and 
drew  me  back.  I  was  angry  in  an  instant,  and  turned  around  ready  to 
resent  the  interference,  when  I  found  that  it  was  Dr.  Brock.  He  ex- 
plained to  me  that  if  I  went  north  then  I  would  probably  go  into  some 
parole  camp  where  I  could  be  of  no  use  to  any  of  our  folks,  and  I  could 
do  them  good  where  I  was.  That  if  I  went  away  some  one  would  have 
to  be  broken  in  to  take  my  place,  etc.  He  finally  said  it  would  be  a  per- 
sonal favor  to  himself  if  I  would  consent  to  remain  until  the  next  parole. 
Considering  all  his  kindness  to  me  and  others,  I  could  not  refuse.    My 


EDGAR  A.  MERCHANT. 

Born  in  1840.  His  ancestors  came  to  this  countr\  from  London. 
England. 

It  is  reported  of  him  that  at  the  battle  of  Hanover  Court  Honse, 
May  27,  1862,  that  the  only  prisoner  captured  by  the  regiment  in  that 
battle  was  by  Sergeant  Merchant.  Tlie  rebel  was  a  Lieutenant  in  the 
5th  Alabama  Regiment:  his  captor  relieved  him  of  his  sword,  revol- 
ver, etc. 

An  Albany,  N.  Y..  paper  pubhshed  at  that  date,  says  of  him: 

"Young  Merchant  is  but  22  years  of  age  and  formerly  of  our  city. 
He  is  represented  as  being  a  young  man  of  good  moral  character,  a 
thorough  soldier  and  one  who  never  shirks  from  duty,  no  matter  how 
thickly  dangers  may  beset  the  post  assigned  to  him.  He  has  been  in 
three  hard  fought  battles  and  has  conducted  himself  in  a  most  gallant 
and  fearless  manner." 

He  was  killed  in  action  at  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  July  2.  1863. 


II 


THE  NE\, 
PUBLIC  LIB.. ^RY 


ASTOR,  LENOX 
TILDEN  FOUNDATIOHi 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      273 

recollection  is  that  within  the  next  two  weeks  most  of  the  serious  cases 
in  Libby  hospital  were  either  sent  north  or  transferred  to  some  other 
place,  for  at  about  that  time  another  parole  was  made,  and  Dr.  Brock 
made  no  objection  to  my  going,  and  thanked  me  for  having  remained  at 
his  request.  It  was  only  two  or  three  years  after  the  close  of  the  war  that 
I  read  an  account  of  the  collapse  of  a  floor  in  the  courthouse  at  Rich- 
mond, and  among  those  killed  I  saw  the  name  of  Dr.  Brock.  He  was 
certainly  a  good  man,  and  I  could  but  grieve  at  his  untimely  death. 
Leaving  Libby,  Qerk  Ross,  standing  at  the  door  checking  us  ofif,  I 
stopped  the  procession  long  enough  to  give  him  an  idea  of  what  we 
thought  of  him,  and  also  to  make  him  one  or  two  promises,  which  are 
still  only  promises,  because  I  have  never  had  the  pleasure  of  meeting 
him  since  that  time. 

We  started  for  Aiken's  Landing,  fourteen  miles  below  Richmond 
on  the  James  river.  I  think  it  was  about  8  p.  m.  when  we  started  on  our 
tramp  accompanied  by  a  few  rebel  cavalry.  Our  crowd  did  not  need 
much  guarding  on  that  sort  of  a  trip.  I  remember  that  it  was  a  very 
pleasant  day,  pretty  warm,  but  none  too  much  so  to  prevent  the  able 
bodied  ones  making  pretty  good  time.  About  one  mile  from  the  river 
we  crossed  some  high  ground,  and  from  that  point  could  see  our  flag 
flying  from  the  masthead  of  the  transport  that  was  awaiting  our  ar- 
rival. What  a  cheer  went  up !  I  can  assure  you  the  stars  and  stripes 
never  before  or  since  looked  to  me  as  they  did  on  that  day,  and  I  think 
my  companions  experienced  about  the  same  feeling.  The  transport  re- 
mained at  the  landing  until  the  following  morning,  waiting  for  stragglers, 
some  of  them  being  brought  in  ambulances,  sent  out  from  Richmond  to 
pick  them  up.  We  steamed  down  the  river  and  were  finally  landed  at 
Annapolis,  where  we  were  placed  in  a  parole  camp.  I  had  no  blanket 
nor  could  I  get  one.  My  only  clothing  was  what  I  had  on  and  was 
infested  with  vermin  and  I  could  get  none  to  replace  it.  I  slept  on  the 
ground  under  some  horse  sheds  that  had  been  used  for  cavalry.  I 
would  lie  down  and  sleep  until  awakened  by  cold,  then  get  up  and  run 
until  warm,  then  lie  down  for  another  nap,  and  in  that  fashion  wear  out 
the  night.  We  had  plenty  to  eat  in  this  camp,  but  it  seemed  impossible 
to  get  either  clothing  or  blankets.  The  last  two  or  three  nights  spent 
there,  I  with  one  or  two  others  went  down  into  a  swampy  piece  of  tim- 
ber in  one  corner  of  the  inclosure,  and  picked  what  wood  we  could  find, 
cut  a  lot  of  brush  for  beds,  and  endeavored  to  sleep  there.  Of  course, 
we  could  warm  only  one  side  at  a  time,  and  the  warm  side  was  the  one 
the  little  travelers  preferred,  and  as  they  deemed  it  advisable  to  shift 
as  often  as  we  did,  you  can  imagine  about  hov/  much  sleep  we  got.  We 
were  kept  at  Annapolis  about  ten  days,  I  think,  and  were  then  taken  to 
Alexandria  and  placed  in  a  parole  camp  that  must  have  had  some  5,000 
or  6,000  men  present  most  of  the  time.  In  this  camp  men  of  the  differ- 
ent corps  were  kept  more  by  themselves,  some  paroled  commissioned 
officer  being  in  command,  and  looking  after  their  interests  generally. 
When  we  first  reached  the  camp  a  captain  from  some  Ohio  regiment  was 


274       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

in  charge  of  the  Fifth  corps  men.  I  do  not  remember  his  name,  but  think 
that  he  had  done  everything  possible  for  the  men,  though  he  had  been 
unable  to  get  any  clothing,  and  it  was  much  needed.  There  were  plenty 
of  tents  and  an  abundance  of  food  was  furnished — but  there  were  men 
without  shoes,  some  without  trousers,  having  nothing  more  than  a  pair 
of  army  drawers  on  their  legs,  others  without  jackets,  and  the  need  for 
clothing  was  great.  Two  or  three  days  after  I  entered  the  camp,  the  cap- 
tain commanding,  who  it  seems  had  but  lately  arrived  there,  asked  me 
if  I  knew  of  a  man  who  would  make  a  good  clerk.  I  at  once  offered  my 
own  services  for  trial,  and  began  work  for  him  at  once.  There  was  a 
great  deal  of  writing  to  do,  the  morning  report  which  was  required 
every  morning  at  camp  headquarters  containing  from  400  to  500  names. 
This  report  had  to  be  made,  states  in  alphabetical  order,  with  regiments 
of  each  state  in  numerical  order,  and  every  day  changes  took  place,  men 
were  exchanged  and  sent  away,  and  others  brought  in,  so  it  was  no  small 
job  to  get  through  it.  I  think  it  was  about  a  week  after  I  began  clerking 
that  our  captain  was  exchanged  and  left  us.  An  order  from  camp  head- 
quarters announced  that  a  lieutenant  had  been  assigned  to  command 
Porter's  corps  men,  but  during  the  balance  of  my  stay  there  I  did  not  see 
him.  Just  about  this  time  men  from  the  other  camps  began  to  get  cloth- 
ing, but  we  could  get  none  because  the  quartermaster  could  only  issue  on 
the  receipt  of  a  commissioned  officer,  and  we  had  none.  I  reported  the 
condition  of  things  at  headquarters,  but  no  result  was  effected,  and  so 
the  thing  went  on  for  several  days.  I  was  getting  all  the  blame  and  was 
helpless.  I  knew  an  order  was  in  force  declaring  any  one  a  deserter  who 
should  leave  the  camp  without  proper  authority,  yet  it  was  so  un- 
pleasant that  I  decided  to  go  anyway,  so  practiced  on  two  or  three 
signatures  that  would  have  to  appear  on  the  passes  required  to  get  me 
into  Washington.  The  camp  pass  proved  to  be  good,  and  I  was  lucky 
enough  to  pass  the  provost  guard  patrol  without  trouble,  but  when  I 
stepped  up  to  the  officer  of  guard  at  the  end  of  long  bridge,  I  felt  a  little 
shaky.  He  took  my  pass,  looked  at  it,  then  at  me,  "Yes,  it's  pretty 
well  done,  go  ahead."  I  didn't  wait  there  long.  I  had  just  10  cents  in 
my  pocket  when  I  reached  Washington.  I  soon  learned  that  Colonel 
Rice  was  there  sick,  so  hunted  him  up  and  got  orders  to  rejoin  the  regi- 
ment near  Harper's  Ferry.  Without  his  order  I  could  not  have  got 
transportation.  I  think  he  also  gave  me  a  dollar  or  so,  to  feed  me  while 
there.  Later  in  the  day  I  found  out  where  our  Zouave  uniforms  were 
stored,  and  succeeded  in  getting  mine  and  getting  rid  of  the  suit  I  wore 
through  Libby.  While  at  Alexandria,  I  had  managed  by  boiling  my 
clothes  in  salt  water  to  kill  off  the  vermin,  so  in  that  regard  I  had  been 
more  comfortable." 

[Here  the  account  ends  quite  abruptly.  Captain  Grannis'  return  to 
the  army  was  just  after  the  battle  of  Antietam.  He  was  thereafter  in  all 
of  the  battles  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  until  his  regiment  was  mus- 
tered out.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      275 

"IN  THE  COMPANY  STREET." 
By  Col.  Charles  E.  Sprague. 

The  true  history  of  a  nation  is  not  merely  the  deeds  of  kings  and 
ministers,  of  parliaments  and  princes,  but  the  growth  of  the  people;  the 
annals  of  the  brilliant  few  are  not  more  important  than  the  unre- 
corded movements  of  the  obscure  many.  So  in  an  army,  there  are  other 
points  of  view  than  that  of  the  commanding  officer.  Interesting  as  are 
our  discussions  of  grand  tactics  and  strategy,  it  may  also  be  profitable  to 
study  the  soldier  himself,  his  thoughts  and  feelings,  his  home-life  in 
the  big  family  of  the  company  and  in  the  big  neighborhood  of  the  regi- 
ment; to  turn  our  attention  from  the  select  circles  of  headquarters  to 
the  proletariat  of  the  company  street.  In  short,  as  has  often  been  re- 
marked, the  need  is  for  sketches  of  and  by  the  obscure;  and  this  I  can 
help  to  supply,  for  in  this  brilliant  organization  I  can  lay  claim  to  be 
conspicuous  for  my  obscurity. 

How  some  things  appeared  to  a  boy  of  nineteen,  who  lived  in  a 
company  street  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  is  gathered  from  his  mem- 
ory and  from  the  letters  he  wrote  to  his  mother. 

One  Monday  late  in  November,  over  thirty  years  ago,  our  com- 
pany came  pulling  ourselves  along,  at  the  finish  of  about  fifteen  miles 
of  rather  tough  travel,  and  after  dark  turned  into  a  piece  of  woods, 
stacked  arms,  and  were  told  to  "bivouac  in  rear  of  stacks,  ready  to 
march  at  daybreak."  Now  it  was  a  rule  we  soldiers  learned  to  recog- 
nize, that  if  you  camped  down  at  night  with  strict  injunctions  to  be  ready 
to  march  on  at  daybreak,  with  advices  from  your  officers,  that  you'd 
better  not  waste  any  time  in  getting  up  comfortable  shelter  because  this 
was  the  most  temporary  kind  of  halt,  then  for  a  certainty,  if  you  fol- 
lowed this  advice,  you  were  going  to  be  kept  right  in  that  bivouac  long 
enough  to  repent  not  going  to  work  at  getting  comfortably  housed.  So, 
after  some  experience,  we  never  took  any  stock  in  assurances  of  brief 
stay;  we  went  right  to  work  at  house  building  on  the  assumption  that 
we  should  stay  a  month ;  if  we  marched  next  day  no  great  harm  was 
done,  but  if  we  stayed  a  week  we  were  well  paid  for  our  trouble. 

The  pine  trees  were  thick  around  us  that  night,  in  the  morning  we 
could  scarcely  see  the  nearest  regiment ;  but  instead  of  marching  at  day- 
break we  stayed  and  stayed  and  went  away  and  came  back  again  and 
stayed  again  until  the  company  street  first  traced  by  our  stacks  of  arms 
seemed  like  a  home,  and  till  the  thick  woods  had  disappeared ;  every  tree 
was  cut  down,  first  wastefully  and  extravagantly,  at  shoulder  height, 
then  down  to  a  decent  stump,  then  this  stump  was  cut  to  the  very 
quick,  and  finally  we  had  no  wood  at  all,  having  grubbed  up  the  very 
roots.  We  stuck  up  our  shelter  tent  that  night  and  Eugene  and  Wilcox 
and  I  crawled  under.  The  next  morning  after  reveille,  the  first  busi- 
ness was,  of  course,  to  settle  bets  on  the  sun.  You  see,  in  our  com- 
pany, when  we  got  to  camp  after  dark,  we  usually  had  a  debate  as  to 


276       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

which  way  was  north.  Some  of  us  were  good  at  keeping  in  our  heads 
the  points  of  the  compass  in  spite  of  the  meanderings  of  Virginia  paths ; 
the  rest  of  us  thought  we  were  equally  smart,  until  the  sun  arose  and  we 
found  our  bets  were  lost.  As  I  have  said,  we  knew  we  should  prob- 
ably stay  some  time  on  account  of  the  notification  we  had  had,  and  sure 
enough  symptoms  of  the  kind  soon  broke  out,  some  agreeable,  such  as 
the  arrival  of  the  sutler,  others  rather  unpleasant,  such  as  the  posting 
of  a  regular  camp  guard. 

We  soon  had  enough  to  do  in  complying  with  all  that  the  unceasing 
drum-beats  suggested  and  compelled,  but  the  improvement  of  our 
domestic  architecture  filled  a  large  place  in  our  thoughts.  We  built, 
tore  down,  and  rebuilt  on  the  self-same  spot  until  our  shanty  seemed  a 
part  of  ourselves,  and  of  all  the  homes  that  I  have  ever  loved  and  left 
there  is  none  which  has  left  so  deep  an  impression  as  that  little  hut  of 
one  room,  built  of  pine  logs,  sticks,  sods,  mud  and  canvas.  It  was  built 
by  days'  work — a  good  many  days — and  Eugene  and  I  (the  third  man 
having  fallen  out  sick)  were  its  architects,  builders,  masons,  carpen- 
ters, sanitary  engineers,  and  walking  delegates. 

This  residence  of  ours  was  situated  in  the  State  of  Virginia.  As 
nothing  in  that  region  is  described  by  any  closer  geographical  limit 
than  a  county,  a  Virginian  would  merely  have  said  that  it  was  "Stahf  d" 
County,  but  we  could  define  our  location  more  accurately.  Our  town- 
ship was  the  Fifth  Army  Corps ;  our  village  was  the  Third  Brigade, 
First  Division;  our  ward  was  the  44th  N.  Y. ;  and  our  street  was  Com- 
pany E.  As  it  turned  out  we  were  not  far  from  Falmouth  and  near 
the  railroad  at  a  point  which  thenceforward,  and  possibly  to  this  day, 
became  known  as  "Stoneman's  Switch."  Stafford  County  never  had 
so  large  a  population  up  to  the  night  we  arrived,  and  probably  never 
will  have  again.  In  our  regiment  they  were  not  so  strenuous  for  uni- 
formity of  architecture  as  in  some  commands,  and  allowed  scope  for  in- 
dividuality; as  long  as  the  line  of  front  doors  was  pretty  straight  down 
the  company  streets,  we  could  build  our  shanties  of  size  and  style  to 
suit  our  tastes.  Ours  in  its  final  form  was  about  as  follows :  There  was 
first,  a  cellar  dug  the  full  size  of  the  ground  plan,  about  two  feet  deep. 
Next  came  a  wall  of  split  pine  logs,  resting  on  the  ground  and  held  up 
by  stakes,  carrying  up  the  cellar  wall  to  a  height  of  five  feet  in  all. 
Now,  the  roof  was  of  canvas,  made  of  several  of  the  little  shelter  tents, 
fastened  together  and  stretched  over  a  ridge-pole,  which  was  sup- 
ported by  two  stout  uprights  in  front  and  rear.  The  front  or  door  was 
also  of  canvas  until  we  got  our  chimney  built  later  on.  Our  next  step 
was  to  caulk  our  wall  with  mud.  Glorious  Virginia  mud !  The  one 
product  of  which  there  was  always  enough.  Plastic  as  butter,  but  tough 
as  spruce  gum  when  dried ;  for  architectural  purposes,  admirable ;  for 
pedestrian  uses,  vile.  We  plastered  our  wall  pretty  tightly  with  this 
natural  stucco,  and  banked  up  the  lower  edge.  We  ditched  around  our 
home,  and  conducted  the  waters  into  the  company  gutter.  Our  bed, 
which  comprised  all  our  furniture,  being  also  chair,  sofa  and  table,  was 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      277 

our  next  care.  It  was  a  spring  bed.  We  split  long  straight  pine  sap- 
lings and  laid  them  crosswise  of  the  shanty  on  supports  which  held  them 
about  level  with  the  surface  of  the  ground.  The  bed  was  about  three 
feet  wide.  Eugene  and  I  were  both  slender.  When  sitting  on  the  edge 
of  the  bed  our  feet  rested  against  the  front  wall  of  our  mansion.  Here 
we  talked ;  here  we  smoked ;  here  we  read ;  in  pleasant  weather,  with 
our  front  canvas  fastened  back,  we  conversed  with  our  neighbors,  dis- 
cussing every  subject  under  heaven;  and  here  we  sat,  Eugene  and  I, 
by  our  own  fireside  after  the  chimney  was  built. 

Our  chimney  was  a  picturesque  structure  of  sods.  The  mortar 
which  held  together  these  substitutes  for  brick  was  the  aforesaid  mud. 
An  open  fireplace  faced  the  right-hand  man  of  the  two  inmates  who  sat 
on  the  bed,  and  that  man  did  the  cooking  from  that  position.  Our  chim- 
ney was  a  large  one,  covering  more  than  half  the  front  of  the  house 
and  forming  our  front  wall.  A  wooden  mantel  defined  the  top  of  the 
fireplace.  Above  this  the  chimney  tapered  somewhat  and  ended  in  a 
barrel.  Some  of  our  comrades  had  double-barreled  chimneys,  but  we 
found  it  hard  enough  to  steal  one  barrel  at  a  time  to  supply  those  which 
caught  fire ;  total  loss ;  no  insurance. 

This  was  our  home  in  the  company  street,  as  finished,  but  its  evo- 
lution was  gradual.  It  began  as  a  mere  tent ;  it  ended  in  a  house.  To 
what  further  flights  of  architecture  we  might  have  gone,  cannot  be 
known. 

Our  first  exodus  was  to  Fredericksburg.  We  had  begun  to  take  root 
a  little  in  our  company  street;  the  trees  were  pretty  well  thinned  out, 
the  street  itself  was  graded  and  drained,  our  drill  was  regained,  and  it 
was  evident  we  were  now  in  camp.  A  sure  sign  was  the  fact  that  there 
was  time  to  waste  in  court-martials,  for  the  adjutant  read  us,  at  day 
parade,  long  stories  of  certain  soldiers,  who  had  "on  or  about"  such  a 
time,  "at  or  near"  such  a  place,  done  or  said  something,  or  "words  to 
that  effect." 

But  one  Thursday,  December  nth,  we  broke  camp,  never  again,  we 
supposed,  to  see  the  old  street.  The  old  shanty  was  dismantled  to  the 
music  of  that  long  and  solemn  call  which  every  soldier  knew  as  "Strike 
tents."  First  the  brigade  bugler  had  given  it  to  us,  after  twice  re- 
peating a  preface,  or  heading  as  it  were,  to  his  proclamation,  which  to 
every  Third  Brigade  man  seemed  to  chant  the  name  of  our  old  com- 
mander thus  : 

Dan!  Dan!   Dan!   Butterfield!   Butterfield! 

The  angel  Gabriel  in  his  musical  capacity  is  always  associated  with 
General  Butterfield  in  the  mind  of  any  soldier  of  our  brigade.  If  the 
bugler  was  not  at  hand,  "Dan"  could  even  sound  the  call  himself  and 
blow  his  own  trumpet. 

Mike,  the  regiment  bugler,  next  lifts  his  old  battered  copper  horn 
to  his  good-natured  mouth,  and  easy  as  a  bird,  out  floats  his  little  song. 
His  preliminary  call  was  different  and  addressed  to  the  44th  alone.    The 


278       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

buglers  of  the  other  regiments  had  each  sounded  his  own  tune,  and 
about  the  same  moment  was  ringing  through  the  whole  brigade  the 
long,  drawn  exhortation, 

Come !  Come !  Come  !  Come ! 
Strike  your  tents !    Strike  your  tents !    Strike  your  tents !    Strike  your 
tents ! 

Down  came  the  ponchos,  and  the  camp  looked  like  the  skeleton  of 
itself.  We  used  to  call  our  pieces  of  shelter-tent  "ponchos,"  through 
some  confusion  of  terms,  for  really  the  poncho  was  a  rubber  thing  with 
a  slit  to  put  your  head  through.  Our  first  sergeant  had  made  us  pack 
up  everything  beforehand,  and  now  we  sat  around  on  our  worldy  pos- 
sessions, having  destroyed  what  we  could  not  carry,  for  we  never  ex- 
pected to  see  that  camp  again.  Pat  Riley,  our  next  neighbor  in  the 
street,  threw  back  his  head  and  sang  some  ancient  Irish  lays  in  a  voice 
up  near  his  skull,  with  never  a  pause  till  the  end,  when  his  spare  wind 
blew  itself  off  like  that  of  a  bagpipe.  Pat,  being  of  bardic  ancestry,  was 
doubtless  intoning  a  war-song,  but  it  was  unpleasantly  like  a  dirge  and 
did  not  inspirit  us,  except  to  throw  things  at  Pat.  The  day  was  well 
advanced  when  we  finally  got  the  assembly,  which  we  welcomed  with  a 
shout,  for  it  meant  doing  something  and  not  waiting  in  suspense.  If  I 
wanted  to  take  all  the  spunk  out  of  a  lot  of  soldiers,  I  should  get  them 
all  ready  to  go  somewhere,  or  do  something,  and  then — not  do  it.  We 
were  marched  down  in  sight  of  Fredericksburg  and  spent  two  days  as 
lookers-on,  watching  the  explosive  puffs  of  smoke  on  both  sides  of  the 
river.  At  night  we  retired  to  the  woods  to  sleep,  regretting  the  old 
camp  we  had  just  left,  and  the  spare  blankets  that  were  there.  Saturday 
afternoon  came  a  change.  Our  division  headed  for  the  pontoons  and  we 
knew  where  we  were  going,  for  we  had  seen  a  good  many  cross  but  few 
come  back.  One  of  the  first  who  came  back,  a  man  from  a  new  regi- 
ment, was  well  escorted.  He  was  supported  by  a  comrade  on  each  side 
and  another  behind  carried  guns  and  knapsacks.  The  whole  group  of 
four  must  have  gone,  not  wishing  to  confuse  their  company  by  counting 
off  anew.  The  wounded  man's  injury  was  in  one  of  his  fingers.  Our 
company  kept  straight  on,  though,  and  not  a  man  dropped  out.  After 
getting  through  the  town,  Mike's  bugle  sounded  "Lie  down,"  and  here 
I  came  to  grief.  The  butt  of  my  gun  slipped,  and  the  whole  lock 
went  into  puddle  and  was  covered  with  wet  mud.  I  felt  sure  that  I  could 
not  fire  it,  and  I  did  not  want  a  gun  that  would  not  shoot.  My  gun  was 
very  bright  outside  and  in ;  so  elegant  looking,  that  I  hoped  to  get  the 
vacant  sergeantcy  soon  on  the  strength  of  its  exquisite  polish.  Pretty 
soon  we  went  ahead,  and  I  was  on  the  lookout  for  another  weapon.  I 
found  one  alongside  of  a  soldier  among  some  piled  timber.  He  looked 
and  acted  as  if  he  needed  some  quinine  and  his  gun  wasn't  the  kind  that 
could  bring  promotion,  but  I  took  it  from  him  and  went  on.  I  might 
just  as  well  have  had  the  old  rifle  into  whose  surface  so  much  rubbing 
had  gone,  for  firstly,  we  had  no  chance  to  shoot  at  all,  merely  excellent 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      279 

facilities  to  be  shot  at;  secondly,  when  I  investigated  his,  I  found  a 
cartridge  in  it  bottom  side  up.  Finally,  the  owner  of  the  gun  had  cut 
his  initials,  which  were  T.  M.,  on  the  left  side  of  the  stock — a  most 
flagrant  crime  against  military  propriety.  I  had  afterwards  to  explain 
away  those  deeply  cut  letters,  to  the  first  sergeant,  to  the  captain,  to  the 
adjutant,  to  the  officer  of  the  day,  to  the  major,  and  to  the  colonel,  each  in 
turn;  and  at  last  when  Inspector-General  Webb  inspected  us  in  person, 
I  caught  it  again.  By  this  time  I  had  become  a  sergeant,  in  spite  of  the 
musket,  which  I  had  scoured  up  to  a  pretty  good  shine,  but  the  carving 
was  there  still.  Of  course  I  was  out  in  front,  in  plain  sight,  little  finger 
on  the  seam  of  the  pantaloons,  body  erect  on  the  hips,  inclining  a 
little  forward,  eyes  gazing  into  futurity  with  a  stony  stare.  Expression- 
less as  I  made  my  face,  there  must  have  been  guilt  in  it.  I  thought, 
"Will  he  see  it?"  (If  it  were  now,  I  should  have  said,  "Will  he  get  on 
to  it?"  but  in  those  days  our  language  was  more  correct.)  See  it?  Get 
on  to  it?  General  Webb  looked  right  through  that  gun  stock  and  saw 
the  letters  on  the  opposite  side.  I  stood  at  "inspection  arms."  He  turned 
the  musket  right  over,  read  T.  M.'s  autograph,  looked  through  my  eyes 
into  my  back  hair,  and  proceeded  to  scrutinize  every  inch  of  the  piece, 
concluding  by  jingling  the  rammer  up  and  down  and  trying  to  soil  his 
glove  with  the  end  of  it,  while  I  was  wondering  how  soon  I  should  be 
the  subject  of  the  adjutant's  recital — "  said  Sergeant  Sprague,  wilfully, 
maliciously  at  or  near  Falmouth,  Va.,  on  or  about — letters  T.  M.  or 
words  to  that  effect,"  and  ending  up  with  "Fort  Wool,  Rip  Raps,  Hamp- 
ton Roads,  Virginia."  But  probably  there  was  no  ring  of  rust  on  the 
glove.  There  was  a  rusty  ring  in  his  voice  though  when  he  burst  forth — 
"Sergeant,  what  do  you  mean  by  cutting  your  name  on  your  rifle?" 
I  rattled  off  my  now  well  learned  explanation:  "Did  not  cut  it,  sir;  not 
my  name,  sir;  could  not  fire  my  rifle  at  Fredericksburg,  sir;  dropped  it, 
and  picked  up  this  one,  sir."  Then  he  threw  it  into  my  hand  so  that  it 
stung,  with  the  advice,  in  a  much  lower  tone,  "Swop,  again,  sergeant." 
He  didn't  touch  another  gun  in  our  company — no  other  man  had  guilt 
in  his  eye. 

But  I  am  wandering.  We  got  over  the  broken  ground  and  out  into 
a  field  in  front  of  the  enemy  or  of  a  place  where  sheet  lightning  seemed 
to  be  playing.  On  we  went,  right  towards  that  lightning.  Pat  Riley 
came  to  the  front,  he  jumped  about  six  feet  forward  and  swung  his 
rifle  circularly  above  his  head,  dropping  in  a  moment  all  the  manual  that 
had  been  drilled  into  him,  and  reverting  to  ancestral  instincts.  I  think 
we  were  now  beyond  the  point  where  there  was  any  distinction  between 
courage  and  cowardice;  we  were  thoroughly  insane  and  would  have  run 
right  into  that  sheet  lightning  if  little  Major  Knox  had  let  us.  But  in- 
stead, he  wheeled  the  battalion  to  the  right.  Why,  I  don't  know,  but  I 
distinctly  remember  that  our  regiment  wheeled  in  line  of  battle  at 
double-quick.  I  remember  how,  in  my  delirium,  with  all  the  pedantry 
of  a  corporal  who  has  studied  the  tactics  and  knows  it  all,  I  said  to  my- 
self, "there's  no  such  thing  in  Casey  as  'Battalion,  right  wheel.'  It  ought 
to  have  been,  'Change  direction  to  the  right.' " 


28o       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

It  was  not  more  than  ten  minutes  from  the  time  I  swopped  guns, 
when  we  were  lying  behind  a  hill  and  Captain  Larrabee  of  Company  B 
was  saying  in  his  cheery  voice,  "Major,  these  two  left  companies  are 
under  an  enfilading  fire."  Major  Knox  replied,  "Move  them  more  to  the 
right."  Then,  as  I  still  had  a  touch  of  insanity,  I  said  to  myself:  "En- 
filading. Never  heard  that  word  pronounced  before,  though  I  have  read 
it  all  my  life.  Now,  first  time  I  hear  it,  I  am  enfiladed.  Practical  ex- 
ample, like  Squeer's  teaching  at  Dotheboys  Hall." 

Now  we  were  in  a  queer  box,  but  we  did  not  know  it  till  morning. 
We  slept  a  little  during  the  night,  not  knowing  but  that  we  were  in  a 
very  desirable  location.  It  turned  out  at  sunrise  that  we  were  just  barely 
hidden  from  the  rebels,  who  could  just  graze  the  air  a  few  feet  above 
us.  It  was  possible  to  get  your  head  blown  off  by  standing  up ;  it  was 
possible  to  remain  alive  by  close  contact  with  the  earth.  We  chose 
to  spend  a  very  quiet  Sunday.  Twenty-four  hours  we  lay  there  until 
it  was  as  dark  as  it  had  been  when  we  came.  Then  we  put  our  tin 
cups  in  our  haversacks,  and  fixed  everything  so  it  would  not  rattle. 
We  departed  very  unostentatiously,  not  with  the  pride,  pomp,  and  cir- 
eumstance  with  which  we  came  there  Saturday  afternoon.  That  night 
we  slept  on  the  sidewalk  of  Fredericksburg;  the  next  night,  oh,  most 
joyful  change,  we  went  to  bed  in  a  house.  The  house  had  been  venti- 
lated with  some  cannon  balls,  but  some  of  the  roof  was  there  still  and  it 
could  not  be  denied  that  we  were  sleeping  in  a  house.  It  did  not  quite 
meet  our  anticipations,  but  it  sounded  well.  At  midnight  we  were 
waked  up  again,  and  very  quietly  taken  out  of  the  town  to  a  place  very 
much  like  our  Sunday's  lodging,  relieving  the  64th  N.  Y.  Before  day- 
light, we  crept  back  to  the  town  even  more  quietly,  and  in  the  grey  of 
the  morning,  recrossed  the  pontoons  with  the  usual  cold  rain  in  our 
faces.  Although  it  seemed  too  good  to  be  true,  we  were  headed  for  the 
old  camp — home  again.  We,  prodigal  sons,  could  now  appreciate  the 
comforts  of  a  home,  and  were  willing  to  dispense  with  the  veal  cutlets. 

We  had  picked  up  a  good  deal  of  plunder  at  Fredericksburg,  but  all 
I  had  brought  back  was  a  bad  cough.  Eugene  and  I  went  into  the  house- 
building again.  We  had  our  logs  cut  and  in  position,  when  about  the 
last  day  of  the  year  1862,  there  was  another  pulling  up  of  stakes — no, 
we  didn't  pull  up  many  stakes  this  time.  We  may  come  back,  thought 
we,  or  else  some  other  fellow  may,  and  we'll  leave  these  sticks  and 
things  as  they  are.  Our  departure  this  time  was  part  of  a  movement 
I  never  have  seen  mentioned  in  any  history.  We  marched  up  the  river 
about  fifteen  miles  and  camped  in  the  snow,  spending  New  Year's  Day 
in  a  bitterly  cold  place,  and  then  tramped  back  again.  The  manoeuver 
of  getting  back  to  the  old  camp  was  one  we  could  now  perform  without 
tunes  or  motions.  Again,  after  this  interruption,  we  settled  down  to 
our  regular  professional  work  as  architects. 

Our  next  trip  was  the  famous  "stick-in-the-mud,"  that  mixture  of 
mud,  misery,  pack-mules,  and  profanity,  where  wretchedness  was  car- 
ried to  such  a  point  that  it  became  overwhelmingly  funny.     This  time 


CAPTAIN  WILLIAM  H.  MILLER. 

William  H.  Miller,  son  of  John  and  Marion  Armitage  Miller,  was 
born  at  Port  Edward,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  ii.  1838;  received  an  academic  edu- 
cation at  Fort  Miller.  Argyle  and  at  Eort  Edward  Institute ;  entered 
Yale  College  in  Sept.,  1858,  and  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons 
at  New  York  City,  March  i,  1861  ;  April  19,  1861  he  enlisted  in  the  12th 
N.  Y.  State  Militia  and  served  therewith  until  its  return  to  New  York 
in  August,  1861  ;  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Aug.  14, 
1861  ;  was  promoted  to  Captain  of  Co.  K,  Sept.  25,  1861,  and  died  of 
typhoid  fever  in  hospital  at  Yorktown,  Va.,  April  30,  1862.  His  remains 
were  brought  to  the  house  of  his  parents  in  Fort  Edward,  N.  Y.  and 
interred  with  military  honors  in  the  Evergreen  Cemetery  at  Salem   N.  Y. 

Captain  Miller  was  a  young  man  of  moral  virtues  and  religious 
principle :  to  these  ennobling  qualities  were  united  kindly  feelings, 
polished  manners  and  fine  intellectual  culture. 

Those  who  were  associated  with  Capt.  Miller  during  his  brief  career 
as  a  member  of  this  regiment  unite  in  saying  that  by  his  early  death  the 
service  was  deprived  of  an  earnest  and  efficient  soldier  and  his  brother- 
officers  lost  a  genial  and  loved  companion. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      281 

we  left  all  standing  and  soon  came  back  to  find  several  inches  of  water 
in  the  cellar  of  our  shanty.  Things  were  soon  got  to  rights,  however, 
and  our  dwelling  made  more  comfortable  than  before.  The  street 
was  jolly,  gossipy,  buzzing  with  jokes,  full  of  rumors  readily  believed. 
Boxes  from  the  north,  letters  from  home,  soft  bread,  and  furloughs  for 
a  favored  few  brightened  us  up,  and  before  we  knew  it  we  felt  cheery 
and  hopeful ;  it  was  no  longer  fashionable  to  growl.  Fashion  had  a  good 
deal  to  do  with  the  prevailing  tone  of  the  street;  we  were  bullish  or 
bearish  like  other  streets.  After  Antietam,  the  correct  thing  was  to  say, 
"Well,  you  just  let  me  get  out  of  here  once  and  you'll  never  see  me  a 
soldier  again."  After  we  had  left  Warrenton,  this  changed  to  the  "bold, 
bad  man"  style,  "Oh,  I'm  so  used  to  this  sort  of  thing,  that  Uncle  Sam 
can't  spare  me;  if  I  felt  like  it,  I  could  lick  anything."  After  Fredericks- 
burg. "I'm  a  sad-eyed,  unappreciated  martyr."  Now,  a  few  weeks 
after  the  mud  campaign,  optimism  was  in  the  ascendant  again,  especially 
after  we  found  that  Joe  Hooker  was  working  for  us  soldiers,  was  think- 
ing of  us.  That  is  what  the  soldier  appreciated — not  so  much  what  was 
done  for  him,  as  the  fact  that  some  one  was  interested  in  him,  was 
sympathizing  with  him.  So  our  sullenness  disappeared  and  Joe  Hooker 
might  have  quoted  the  proverb,  "Soft  bread  turneth  away  wrath."  As 
it  was  understood  that  a  clean  and  handsome  camp  was  a  credential  for 
furloughs,  we  policed  our  street  so  that  you  would  have  thought  Tom 
Brennan  expected  a  Tammany  parade  to  pass  that  way.  Cleanliness,  in 
camp,  was  'way  ahead  of  godliness.  The  regiment  had  a  pretty  good 
guard-house  and  resolved  to  erect  a  creditable  church.  I  suppose  the 
idea  was,  instead  of  enlarging  the  guard-house,  to  cut  ofif  its  supply  of 
material.  This  was  a  grand  lark  for  some  of  the  boys,  going  off  with 
the  quartermaster's  mules  into  the  thick  woods  and  hauling  logs  for  the 
church.  Then  we  started  another  enterprise ;  the  boss  flag-staff  of  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac.  There  was  a  tall  tree  standing  right  on  the 
parade  ground ;  some  of  our  best  axemen  went  out  and  cut  another  pine, 
the  tallest  and  straightest  they  could  find.  This  was,  trimmed  down  to 
a  mast,  dragged  into  camp,  fitted  with  halliards,  hoisted  up  through 
the  branches  of  the  standing  tree,  lashed  to  its  top;  then  its  branches 
were  cut  away,  leaving  a  flag-staff  of  two  lengths,  the  lower  part  rooted 
in  the  ground.  Our  zouave  uniforms  were  sent  down  from  Washington 
where  they  had  been  stored  for  many  months,  and  with  white  leggings 
and  gloves,  dress  parade  became  a  thing  of  beauty.  These  measures 
restored  our  spirits,  and  the  company  became  cheery,  chatty  and  chaffy. 

We  had  only  one  heavy  snowstorm  that  I  remember.  Just  at  reveille 
one  morning  in  February,  I  opened  my  eyes  upon  a  cone-shaped  mound 
of  white  snow  in  our  fire-place,  tall  and  slender,  extending  upward 
till  its  apex  was  invisible.  At  the  same  instant  I  became  conscious  that 
fine  snow  was  sifting  through  the  cracks,  and  that  Eugene  would  soon 
be  snowed  under.  Just  then,  boom  went  a  cannon  somewhere  in  the 
distance,  and  boom,  boom,  was  repeated  in  a  lively  cannonade. 

This  was  disgusting.     To  get  up  in  a  snowstorm  was  bad  enough, 


282       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

but  here  was  somebody  inconsiderate  enough  to  start  a  fight  in  such  un- 
comfortable weather,  and  doubtless  the  Fifth  Corps  would  be  turned 
out  in  a  few  minutes.  The  language  used  up  and  down  our  company 
street  did  not  at  all  agree  in  temperature  with  the  snow.  In  a  minute, 
some  fellow  who  was  an  expert  on  the  almanac,  shouted  out,  ''Wash- 
ington's birthday."  What  a  groan  of  relief  echoed  along  the  street 
when  we  remembered  that  it  was  February  22d.  If  it  had  been  in 
these  latter  days,  we  should  have  inquired  what  was  the  matter  with 
.  Washington,  and  explained  who  he  was ;  but  in  those  times,  we  merely 
said,  "Bully  for  George/'  and  "How  are  you,  Washington?"  These 
two  formulas,  together  with  "big  thing,"  and  "can't  see  it,"  were  about 
the  only  witticisms  we  knew  in  1863. 

We  did  have  a  fight  before  that  snow  vanished,  but  it  was  with 
snowballs,  and  the  17th  New  York  was  the  enemy. 

So  the  days  passed  till  the  middle  of  April,  when  it  was  evident  that 
something  was  going  to  happen.  Our  fancy  uniforms  were  sent  away 
and  we  lightened  in  advance  the  loads  we  were  to  carry  through  the 
summer.  About  two  weeks  were  passed  in  suspense,  losing  something 
of  the  good  feeling  which  had  been  so  skillfully  cultivated.  Then  off  to 
Chancellorsville,  making  the  fourth  time  we  had  assembled  in  the  com- 
pany street  for  a  final  departure,  to  the  sound  of  the  "Dan  Butterfield" 
bugle.  Each  time,  the  line  in  front  of  the  first  sergeant  had  shortened 
by  a  few  files,  and  we  knew  that  if  we  ever  fell  in  on  that  ground  again, 
more  of  us  would  be  absent.  As  we  stood  in  line  in  marching  order, 
we  were  a  fair  specimen  of  an  American  regiment.  We  stood  about 
three  hundred  rank  and  file.  Few  regiments  had  anything  like  the  nomi- 
nal strength  which  a  regiment  should  have.  We  were  a  very  sun- 
burned, hearty-looking  set  of  fellows ;  we  looked  as  if  we  could  eat  a 
square  meal  whenever  we  got  one.  In  fact,  we  were  a  set  of  boys.  The 
ages  of  our  company  averaged  twenty-four,  and  probably  there  were 
more  men  about  twenty-two  than  of  any  other  age.  We  were  not 
punctilious  about  the  regulations  as  to  dress.  Our  regimental  uniforms 
of  semi-zouave  pattern  had  been  turned  in,  and  we  had  frock-coats, 
blouses,  or  jackets,  just  as  it  happened — anything  blue  would  do.  In 
hats  and  caps  there  was  also  much  variety ;  the  hideous  regular  army 
cloth  cap,  with  slanting  peak,  which  some  turned  up  and  some  turned 
down — each  way  it  looked  worse;  or  the  more  nobby  French  shape, 
with  straight  visor;  or  the  McClellan  cap,  with  top  falling  forward — 
these  had  been  sent  on  from  home  or  purchased  when  on  furlough ;  or 
the  army  black  felt,  which  was  generally  worn  with  the  crown  de- 
pressed in  the  center;  or  other  varieties  of  black  soft  hats,  which  were 
worn  in  spite  of  regulations.  But  every  one  had  on  his  cap  or  hat  a 
red  Maltese  cross,  the  badge  of  our  division.  Some  had  leggings,  some 
had  not ;  some  old  hands  were  in  favor  of  stuffing  the  trousers  into 
the  stockings  and  tying  them  there  with  strings.  The  broad  shoes  fur- 
nished by  the  Government  and  usually  called  "gunboats"  were  the  most 
fashionable  foot  wear;  this  was  a  part  of  the  uniform  which  private 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      283 

enterprise  did  not  much  improve  on.  Only  one  thing  about  our  get-up 
would  have  pleased  a  military  critic, — our  guns  were  clean  and  bright. 

We  were  well  keyed  up  to  do  anything  Hooker  asked,  and  I  think 
that  up  to  the  very  last  of  that  discouraging  campaign  we  were  ready 
to  make  tremendous  efforts  for  him.  But  the  coming  home  was  the 
worst  yet.  We  had  been  the  rear-guard  as  usual,  and  in  the  rain  as 
usual ;  we  had  struggled  through  a  wilderness  and  waded  knee-deep 
in  mud;  and  when  we  had  crossed  the  pontoons  again,  all  semblance  of 
discipline  seemed  suspended  and  the  only  thing  was  to  get  back  to  the 
old  camp  anyhow.  Right  glad  we  were  to  find  ourselves  there  again. 
It  was  wisdom  to  let  us  rally  on  the  old  camp;  in  no  other  way  could 
we  so  readily  have  been  brought  back  to  our  accustomed  condition. 
I  find  that  I  wrote  this  to  my  mother: 

"We  got  back  to  the  old  camp.  Wednesday,  soaked  with  mud  and 
rain.  We  had  not  enough  ponchos  to  cover  our  foundations,  as  we 
only  carried  one  apiece  and  the  extra  ones  we  had  left  had  been  taken 
by  the  contractor  for  paper  rags.  So  we  had  to  huddle  together  about 
twice  the  number  in  the  miserable  wet  holes.  We  were  at  about  the 
lowest  depth  of  misery  and  demoralization,  which  was  not  alleviated 
by  being  ordered  to  be  ready  to  march  next  afternoon.  But  on  Friday 
morning  we  were  ordered  to  commence  policing  the  street  and  make 
other  preparations  for  a  stay.  This,  with  the  more  favorable  news 
we  received  and  a  ration  of  soft  bread,  got  us  into  better  spirits,  and 
now  (Sunday)  we  are  in  the  old  routine  of  camp  duty." 

It  began  to  seem  as  though  that  old  camp  ground  was  our  pre- 
destined habitat  for  all  time.  It  was  impossible  for  us  to  stay  away, 
and  each  attempt  had  resulted  in  disaster.  It  was  an  unlucky  place 
to  start  from  evidently.  Therefore  our  next  campaign  must  start  from 
somewhere  else.  Whether  this  was  the  line  of  argument  or  not,  we 
finally  broke  up  the  old  camp  without  waiting  for  the  campaign  to 
open.  The  brigade  fell  in  in  the  old  company  street  and  this  was,  actually, 
the  last  time.  We  marched  off  to  a  new  camp-ground  and  made  prep- 
arations enough  to  stay  there  several  years.  As  a  result,  we  soon  left 
it  and  never  saw  it  again. 

I  have  never  talked  about  the  company  street  and  about  the  best 
way  to  fix  up  a  shanty  with  but  one  major-general, — until  to-night.  I 
had  some  conversation  on  the  subject  with  the  corps  commander  on 
the  last  day  I  revisited  the  old  camp.  Some  half-dozen  of  our  com- 
pany asked  permission  to  go  over  to  the  old  ground  and  bring  away 
some  of  the  bric-a-brac  left  behind,  and  I  was  with  them.  We  were 
tramping  cheerily  across  the  country  (I  think  we  had  a  pass  to  go 
through  the  picket  line)  and  crossed  a  road  just  as  the  General  was 
riding  by,  accompanied  by  an  officer  and  followed  by  a  headquarters' 
wagon.  He  reined  up  and  evidently  had  something  to  say.  "Who  is 
in  command  of  these  men?"  I  modestly  replied  that  "I  was,  sir,"  and 
explained  that  our  captain  had  permitted  us  to  go  back  to  get  some 
boards  and  things.     "Boards  and  things!  a  soldier  has  no  business  to 


284       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

have  anything  but  what  he  can  carry  on  his  back."  I  involuntarily 
rolled  my  eyes  to  the  left,  where  the  big  headquarters  wagon  had 
halted;  perhaps  this  hint  that  soldiers  of  high  degree  need  not  carry 
all  their  possessions  on  their  backs,  hurt  General  Meade's  feelings,  for 
he  rode  on  with  a  "Humph !"  Evidently  General  Meade  did  not  agree 
with  General  Hooker's  ideas  as  to  the  treatment  of  the  soldiers.  Prob- 
ably he  thought  that  from  a  dead  level  of  discomfort  we  could  easier 
bear  any  additional  suffering,  but  that  was  not  Hooker's  theory.  He 
believed  in  compensation,  and  thought  the  higher  the  pendulum  swung 
on  one  side,  the  higher  it  would  go  on  the  other;  that  a  soldier  would, 
and  could,  endure  more  when  called  upon,  if  he  had  been  made  con- 
tented and  comfortable  up  to  that  time. 

As  I  seldom  have  a  chance  to  address  an  audience  mostly  of  major- 
generals,  I  will  take  the  opportunity  to  give  them  some  advice  on  the 
conduct  of  the  next  war. 

Tho'  the  soldier  's  attached  to  his  hard-tack, 

He  could  eat  Delmonico's  bread ; 
Tho'  he  sleeps  on  the  ground  when  he  has  to, 

Don't  think  he  despises  a  bed. 

We  settled  it  down  by  the  camp-fire. 

As  a  principle  well  understood : 
For  men  who  are  willing  to  face  the  worst. 

The  best  is  n't  any  too  good. 

So,  General,  up  at  headquarters. 

Bear  in  mind  the  advice  I  repeat: 
Take  good  care  of  the  man  that  carries  the  gun, 

And  lives  in  the  company  street. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      285 

SERVICE  WITH  THE  FORTY-FOURTH  N.  Y.  VOLS.  IN  1864. 
By  Capt.  Bradford  R.  Wood. 

On  the  /th  day  of  February,  1864,  I  reported  for  duty  to  Major 
Knox,  commanding  the  Forty-fourth  Regiment  N.  Y.  Vols.,  at  Alex- 
andria, Va.,  after  an  absence  of  two  years,  on  detached  service  in  the 
Signal  Corps.  On  February  9th  I  was  mustered  into  the  service  as 
Captain  by  Capt.  W.  T.  Gentry,  and  on  the  next  day  was  assigned  to 
the  command  of  Company  C. 

The  regiment  had  an  excellent  camp,  nicely  trimmed  with  ever- 
greens, on  a  hillside  in  the  outskirts  of  Alexandria,  and  was  doing 
guard  duty  on  trains,  running  to  Brandy  Station,  where  the  army  of 
the  Potomac  was  occupying  winter  quarters.  The  trains  consisted  of 
heavily  loaded  freight  cars,  and  as  neither  officers  or  men  were  allowed 
inside  of  the  cars  on  the  outward  trip,  they  were  often  exposed  to  the 
rain  and  snow,  and  as  the  details  were  very  frequent,  and  generally  at 
night,  the  duty  was  much  more  fatiguing  than  ordinary  guard  or  picket 
duty. 

On  February  26th  I  was  transferred  to  the  command  of  Company 
E,  and  remained  in  command  until  the  regiment  returned  home  to  be 
mustered  out  of  the  service. 

On  the  19th  of  March  there  was  a  report  that  some  of  the  enemy's 
cavalry  had  penetrated  our  lines,  and  would  make  an  attack  on  Alex- 
andria. Our  regiment  was,  accordingly,  placed  in  line  of  battle  in  front 
of  the  wooden  barracks  between  our  camp  and  the  city.  Being  "Officer 
of  the  Day,"  I  wasi  left  in  charge  of  the  camp  with  a  guard  of  thirty 
men,  but  no  attack  was  made. 

On  April  8th,  Capt.  Nash,  who  had  returned  to  the  regiment  from 
acting  as  Inspector  General  on  Gen.  Chamberlain's  staff,  and  myself, 
commenced  messing  together,  and  so  continued  until  he  was  wounded 
at  Bethesda  Church. 

On  April  27th,  Sergeant  Newton  of  Company  E,  an  excellent  young 
man,  died  suddenly  of  fever.  I  had  the  body  embalmed  at  Alexandria 
to  await  arrival  of  N.  Newton  from  Hopewell  Centre,  Ontario  Co., 
N.  Y. 

At  II  A.  M.,  April  29th,  the  regiment  left  Alexandria  to  rejoin 
the  army,  and  camped  near  Rappahannock  at  5  P.  M. 

On  May  ist  marched  at  8  A.  M.  and  camped  at  2  P.  M.  about  one 
mile  East  of  Brandy  Station. 

On  May  3d  marched  to  within  two  miles  of  Culpeper  and  rested. 
Started  again  at  11  P.  M.,  crossing  Rapidan  on  pontoons  at  9  A.  M. 
May  4th,  and  bivouacked  near  the  intersection  of  the  pike  and  plank 
roads  from  Fredericksburg  to  Orange  Court  House,  not  far  from  Old 
Tavern. 

On  May  5th  the  regiment  was  in  line  of  battle  in  the  Wilderness 
soon  after  daylight,  and  about  11  A.  M.  commenced  throwing  up  breast- 


286       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

works  about  loo  yards  in  front  of  camp  occupied  during  the  night.  This 
work  was  afterwards  countermanded,  and  the  regiment  moved  forward 
a  short  distance  and  halted,  with  right  resting  on  road.  The  infantry 
in  front  of  us  had  a  severe  engagement  with  the  enemy  during  the 
morning.  At  about  i  P.  M.  we  again  moved  forward  a  short  distance, 
relieving  the  regiment  fighting  in  the  edge  of  a  wood  in  our  front,  and 
remained  under  fire  about  half  an  hour,  when  we  were  relieved,  having 
used  up  nearly  all  our  ammunition.  The  rebels  charged  upon  our  lines 
twice  and  were  twice  driven  back.  At  first  their  fire  was  very  heavy 
and  we  all  laid  down,  but  afterwards  rose  up.  When  the  order  was 
given  to  fall  back  I  misunderstood  it,  and  as  the  rebels  were  retreating, 
gave  the  command  to  charge.  My  own  Company  and  some  men  on 
our  right  and  left  went  forward  some  distance,  firing  into  the  retreating 
rebels,  but  seeing  the  balance  of  the  regiment  did  not  come,  but  were 
moving  off  to  the  right,  I  gave  the  command  to  fall  back  again  and 
join  them.  Sergeant  McBlain,  who  was  in  advance  firing  away,  would 
have  been  left,  if  I  had  not  gone  to  him  and  touched  his  arm.  The  regi- 
ment returned  to  the  line  of  breastworks  it  had  commenced  to  build  in 
the  morning,  completed  them,  and  remained  there  the  following  night. 
During  the  fight  Privates  Burroughs  and  Richards  of  Company  E  were 
mortally  wounded.  Corporals  Oliver  and  Swan  seriously,  and  Privates 
Eldred,  Rowe  and  Campbell,  slightly.  Capt.  Johnson  was  killed  and 
many  men  of  the  other  Companies  were  killed  and  wounded  whom  I 
do  not  remember  but  believe  all  were  taken  from  the  field.  A  short 
time  before.  Private  Burroughs  had  appeared  before  a  Board  of  Ex- 
amination for  a  commission  as  Lieutenant  in  the  Colored  Troops,  which 
was  afterwards  received  for  him  and  forwarded  to  his  father. 

On  May  6th  reveille  sounded  at  3  A.  M.  and  soon  after  we  were 
placed  in  line  of  battle  on  right  of  road,  near  the  same  line  occupied 
the  day  before.  We  remained  here  all  day,  without  being  attacked 
by  infantry,  li  men  in  the  regiment  being  wounded  by  sharpshooters 
and  shells.  We  returned  to  breastworks  at  dusk.  The  next  morning 
the  enemy  advanced  on  our  line  but  were  driven  back  without  loss  to 
us.  At  10  o'clock  P.  M.  on  the  7th  we  withdrew  from  the  Wilderness 
and  marched  towards  Spottsylvania.  We  marched  slowly  during  the 
night,  making  frequent  halts,  just  long  enough  for  some  of  the  men 
to  drop  asleep,  when  they  had  to  be  roused  up  to  continue  the  march. 
In  the  morning  of  May  8th  we  marched  by  large  bodies  of  our  troops, 
halted  near  the  road,  passing  General  Rice,  our  former  Colonel,  stand- 
ing by  the  roadside,  who  spoke  kindly  to  many  of  our  regiment  whom 
he  recognized.  Two  days  after  he  fell  mortally  wounded.  The  regi- 
ment halted  in  the  edge  of  a  wood,  and  not  knowing  how  long  we 
would  remain,  I  told  my  First  Sergeant  to  call  the  roll,  and  was  just 
preparing  to  take  a  little  breakfast  from  my  haversack,  when  our  regi- 
ment and  the  83d  Penn.  were  ordered  forward.  Generals  Griffin  and 
Bartlett  met  us,  and  pointing  to  a  little  hill  in  an  open  field  some  dis- 
tance in  front,  the  former  said :  "Boys,  I  want  you  to  take  the  crest 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      287 

of  that  hill.  There  is  nothing  there  but  dismounted  cavalry;  see  them 
run,"  and  looking  in  that  direction  we  did  see  two  or  three  cavalrymen 
disappearing  in  the  distance,  but  they  were  mounted.  We  charged  to 
within  about  forty  yards  of  the  top  of  the  hill,  when  we  received  a  heavy 
volley  of  musketry  from  a  long  line  of  infantry,  far  outnumbering  us, 
who  were  concealed  by  a  slight  breastwork  of  fence  rails  and  brush. 
Our  men  immediately  laid  down  and  for  some  time  returned  their  fire. 
Seeing  Col.  Conner  urging  our  men  to  go  forward,  I  rose  up,  and 
giving  the  command,  "Forward !"  went  ahead  a  few  yards  but  as  the 
men  did  not  follow,  I  laid  down  again,  and  they  fired  over  me.  Not 
long  after  I  heard  firing  some  distance  in  the  rear,  and  at  first  thought 
we  were  being  reinforced,  but  looking  to  the  left  saw  a  man  running 
to  the  rear  with  the  colors.  I  then  thought  we  were  being  surrounded 
and  the  regiment  was  falling  back,  and,  rising  up,  started  after  it,  the 
bullets  striking  all  around  me,  but  keeping  a  little  too  far  to  the  left, 
in  order  to  gain  the  shelter  of  some  brush,  I  ran  across  three  rebels, 
who,  pointing  their  guns  at  my  breast,  said  "Get  back  thar,"  and  hav- 
ing only  my  sword  in  my  hand  I  saw  that  I  was  a  prisoner.  They  made 
me  enter  their  lines,  which  were  only  a  few  yards  distant,  the  officers 
restraining  their  men  from  shooting  me,  which  they  seemed  very 
anxious  to  do.  I  recognized  some  other  prisoners  behind  their  lines, 
who  had  just  been  captured,  and  was  directed  to  join  them  as  they 
were  being  taken  to  the  Provost  Marshal's  Guard.  I  soon  noticed  the 
rebel  soldiers  relieving  some  of  our  officers  and  men  of  their  posses- 
sions, and  one  approached  me,  and  pointing  to  my  haversack  said,  "What 
have  you  in  there?"  Hoping  to  delay  him,  I  replied,  "Oh,  nothing  but  a 
little  dried  beef  and  a  few  crackers ;  you  are  welcome  to  them,"  and 
taking  my  haversack  off  I  handed  it  to  him  and  started  toward  a  road 
where  I  saw  an  officer  on  horseback,  whom  I  addressed  and  asked  if 
their  men  were  permitted  to  rob  us.  "Certainly  not,"  he  replied,  and 
pointing  down  the  road  to  some  troops,  said :  "If  you  will  report  to 
the  officer  in  command  he  will  see  that  you  are  properly  treated !" 
Hastening  on  I  soon  found  a  large  number  of  prisoners  in  charge  of 
the  Provost  Guard,  and  reporting  to  the  officer  in  command.  Major 
Ryals,  was  assured  that  our  personal  effects  would  not  be  interfered 
with.  Here  I  found  Lieuts.  Bennett  and  Munger  and  22  men  of  the 
Forty-fourth,  and  Lieut.  Montgomery  of  the  83d  Penn.  I  afterwards 
learned  that  the  Forty-fourth  N.  Y.  and  the  83d  Penn.  had  been 
especially  selected  from  our  brigade  and  sent  forward  about  half  a  mile 
in  advance  of  the  main  body  of  troops  to  develop  the  strength  of  the 
enemy,  who  were  found  to  be  in  much  larger  force  than  had  been  sup- 
posed. While  we  were  lying  down  and  returning  their  fire,  they  out- 
flanked us,  and  attacked  us  in  the  rear.  Company  E  lost  Private  Craw- 
ford killed ;  Corporal  Woodworth  and  Private  Gardner  missing  and 
probably  killed ;  wounded,  Privates  Claus,  Madden,  Rowley,  Riley,  Mc- 
Duflfee,  Thompson,  Shearer;  prisoners,  beside  their  Captain,  Ser- 
geant Prud'hom,  Corporal  Tooker  and  Private  Hocknell,  Lieut.  Col. 


288       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

Conner,  Major  Knox  and  Capt.  Fox  were  wounded  and  there  were  many 
others  killed  and  wounded  whose  names  I  did  not  hear.  Many  re- 
ported missing  were  no  doubt  killed,  as  they  were  never  heard  of  again. 
As  the  prisoners  had  been  for  a  long  time  without  rest  or  food,  I  asked 
Major  Ryals  if  he  had  any  rations  for  us.  He  said  he  had  nothing  for 
himself  except  what  his  men  gave  him,  but  promised  to  give  us  plenty 
to  eat  when  we  should  reach  Beaver  Dam  Station,  where  the  provi- 
sions were  stored.  He  kindly  gave  me  a  small  piece  of  smoked  ham, 
which  I  shared  with  others  of  our  regiment,  who  gave  me  a  few  crack- 
ers which  they  had  saved  in  their  haversacks.  We  rested  all  that  day, 
which  was  the  Sabbath  and  the  next  morning  started  for  Beaver  Dam 
Station,  where  we  were  to  take  the  cars  for  Richmond.  General  Lee 
rode  by  us  on  the  Sabbath  with  only  one  or  two  attendants  and  we 
had  a  good  opportunity  to  see  him.  He  appeared  to  be  a  large,  strongly 
built  man,  was  plainly  dressed,  had  on  top  boots  and  was  mounted  on  a 
large  fine  looking  gray  horse.  He  wore  a  full  gray  beard,  neatly 
trimmed,  and  had  piercing  black  eyes,  which  I  thought  looked  upon  us 
prisoners  with  little  favor.  On  May  9th,  while  on  the  march,  I  induced 
one  of  our  guards  to  go  to  a  farm  house  and  buy  me  some  bacon  and 
cornbread,  which  proved  very  acceptable.  I  offered  him  in  payment 
a  two  dollar  greenback,  which  he  said  was  no  good,  but  finally  con- 
cluded to  accept  it.  I  think  it  was  this  same  guard  who  afterwards 
offered  me  his  horse  to  ride,  but  I  persuaded  him  to  lend  it  to  a 
wounded  Colonel,  who  needed  it  much  more  than  I  did.  While  we 
were  resting  for  a  short  time  at  noon,  one  of  our  officers  took  from 
his  pocket  a  map  ,and  I  was  looking  over  it  with  him  to  find  out  where 
we  were,  when  Major  Ryals  stepped  up  to  us  and  took  it  away,  perhaps 
thinking  we  were  plotting  to  escape.  Towards  evening,  as  we  were 
descending  into  a  ravine,  I  noticed  one  of  the  guard  ride  up  from  the 
rear  and  whisper  something  to  Major  Ryals,  and  then  began  to  suspect 
that  some  of  our  troops  were  near.  Soon  after  another  of  the  guard 
came  galloping  up,  exclaiming:  "the  Yanks  are  coming!  the  Yanks  are 
coming!"  Looking  back  we  saw  some  mounted  men  in  blue  coats, 
coming  out  of  the  woods  about  half  a  mile  distant,  and  soon  after  a 
long  line  of  cavalry.  Our  guards  gave  the  command  "Double-quick" 
which  we  did  not  obey  but  stood  on  one  side  of  the  road.  Without 
trying  to  enforce  the  order,  they  plunged  the  spurs  in  their  horses  and 
soon  disappeared.  Our  cavalry  came  charging  after  them,  an  Orderly 
of  Gen.  Custer  in  advance,  firing  his  revolver  into  the  retreating  rebels, 
a  few  of  whom  were  wounded  and  taken  prisoners,  but  most  of  them 
escaped.  As  our  men  went  galloping  by  we  gave  them  hearty  cheers, 
and  some  of  them  threw  us  their  haversacks  full  of  provisions.  About 
400  prisoners,  who  were  captured  in  the  Wilderness  and  Spotsylvania, 
were  thus  rescued.  We  were  very  near  Beaver  Dam  Station,  and  had 
previously  heard  the  locomotives  whistling  for  us  to  hurry  up.  At 
that  Station  our  cavalry  captured  and  burned  three  trains  of  cars  and 
an  immense   supply  of  provisions   for  Lee's  army.     General   Sheridan 


FRED  R.  MUNDY. 

Entered  the  service  and  was  appointed  Regimental  Quartermaster, 
which  position  he  maintained  tliroughout  the  entire  service  of  the  regi- 
ment, being  mustered  out  in  October,  1864.  He  served  the  regiment  in 
this  responsible  position  with  great  fidelity  and  satisfaction  to  his 
superiors. 

Mr.  Mundy  was  probably  more  closely  identified  with  the  origin 
and  development  of  the  Express  Money  Order  system  than  any  other 
man.  He  was  for  seven  years  in  charge  of  the  M.  O.  Department  of 
the  American  Express  Company  and  for  three  years  occupied  a  simi- 
lar position  with  the  U.  S.  Express  Co.  In  1887  he  was  appointed 
superintendent  of  and  organized  a  M.  O.  Department  for  the  Pacific 
Express  Co.,  which  position  he  held  up  to  the  time  of  his  death  which 
occurred  in  New  York  City,  August  29,  1896. 

The  president  of  this  company,  in  announcing  Mr.  Mundy's  death, 
pays  the  fbllowing  tribute  to  his  memory : 

"His  was  a  mind  strong,  active  and  bright.  Always  cour- 
teous and  affable,  his  happy  disposition  attracted  friends  and 
held  them  when  they  came.  From  first  to  last  he  was  the  em- 
bodiment of  integrity  and  true  manhood." 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      289 

being  near,  I  inquired  of  one  of  his  staff  what  we  should  do,  and  he 
thought  some  of  us  could  ride  in  the  ambulances.  As  it  was  now 
time  for  supper,  some  of  our  number  went  into  a  warehouse,  where 
among  the  hospital  stores  we  found  a  ham,  some  eggs  and  crackers 
and  soon  after  had  a  better  meal  than  we  had  enjoyed  for  many  days. 
A  little  later,  having  found  an  ambulance,  Lieut.  Hunger  and  myself 
entered  it  to  sleep  for  the  night,  but  before  we  could  get  to  sleep  it 
was  wanted  for  the  wounded,  so  we  concluded  we  would  have  to  take 
care  of  ourselves  the  best  way  we  could  and  accordingly  made  our 
bed  on  the  ground  and  as  the  weather  was  warm  and  dry  we  did  not 
suffer.  The  next  morning,  making  some  inquiries  of  Capt.  Taylor,  of 
the  2d  Penn.  Cavalry,  when  he  learned  my  condition,  he  very  kindly 
loaned  me  a  horse  and  also  gave  one  to  Lieut.  Hunger  of  our  regi- 
ment. We  rode  with  the  2d  Penn.  Cavalry  that  day  and  bivouacked 
with  them  during  the  night.  To  secure  our  horses  we  tied  them  near 
us  while  we  slept,  but  Lieut.  Hunger's  horse,  unfortunately,  was  stolen 
during  the  night,  so  for  the  next  two  days  we  took  turns  in  riding 
the  horse  which  had  been  loaned  to  me. 

On  Hay  nth  there  was  heavy  skirmishing  all  day.  We  marched 
rapidly  all  night,  sometimes  on  the  trot,  and  at  early  dawn  had  en- 
tered the  outskirts  of  Richmond,  and  could  see  some  iron  fences  along 
the  road. 

On  the  morning  of  the  12th  there  was  a  severe  fight  with  the  rebels 
who  had  rallied  for  the  defense  of  Richmond,  but  General  Gregg,  lead- 
ing them  on  to  his  guns,  which  he  had  massed  together,  opened  upon 
them  with  canister  and  drove  them  back  in  confusion.  After  this  we 
withdrew  and  passing  through  Hechanicsville  about  2  P.  M.  camped 
in  woods  near  Walnut  Grove.  Having  met  on  the  march  Capt..  Tre- 
maine,  then  A.  A.  General  on  the  staff  of  General  Davis,  with  whom 

I  was  acquainted,  he  very  kindly  insisted  on  my  remaining  with  him 
while  accompanying  the  cavalry  and  General  Davis  also  invited  me  to 
remain  at  his  headquarters,  saying,  that  I  should  act  as  one  of  his  aides. 

On  the  13th  we  marched  to  Bottom  Bridge,  which  we  found  broken, 
and  camped  on  the  North  side  of  the  Chickahominy. 

On  Hay  14th  we  reached  the  James  River.  Our  own  gunboats, 
mistaking  us  for  rebels,  fired  a  few  shells  at  us  before  we  could  open 
communication  with  them. 

On  Hay  iSth  the  rescued  prisoners  embarked  at  Bermuda  Hun- 
dreds for  Fortress  Honroe,  which  was  reached  at  8  P.  H. 

On  the  i6th,  after  drawing  rations,  we  started  for  Alexandria  at 

II  A.  H.  Stopping  for  four  hours  during  the  night,  we  passed  Acquia 
Creek  at  10  A.  H.  on  the  17th  and  arrived  at  Alexandria  at  3  P.  H. 
On  the  i8th,  at  noon,  we  reported  at  Camp  Distribution.  Hay  20th  I 
was  assigned  to  the  command  of  the  ist  Company,  2d  Corps  and  ordered 
to  receipt  for  muskets  and  equipments  and  at  3  P.  H.  we  embarked  on 
steamboat  for  Belle  Plain,  where  we  went  into  camp  with  a  large 
number  of  troops  who  were  expecting  orders  to  rejoin  the  Army  of 


290       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

the  Potomac.  On  the  2ist,  at  my  request,  by  special  order.  I  left  Belle 
Plain  with  Lieuts.  Hunger  and  Bennett  of  the  Forty-fourth  and  my 
Company  for  Fredericksburg  in  charge  of  four  wagons  loaded  with 
entrenching  tools.  Marching  all  night  we  reached  Fredericksburg  at 
6  A.  M.  and  reported  to  Col.  Schryver.  While  here  I  visited  the  hos- 
pitals and  saw  Lieut.  Hardenburg  and  Privates  Claus,  Thompson,  Swan 
and  others  of  the  Forty-fourth.  On  the  23d  started  with  wagon  train 
for  Bowling  Green.  Passed  on  to  Milford  on  the  24th  and  crossed  the 
North  Anna  on  the  25th  and  bivouacked  near  army  headquarters. 
Turned  over  my  Company  to  the  Provost  Marshal  and  reported  for 
duty  to  Capt.  Allen  in  command  of  the  Forty-fourth  at  noon  on  the 
26th,  the  regiment  being  in  line  on  railroad  track  near  the  North  Anna 
River.  Company  E  now  had  only  19  men  for  duty,  having  lost  20  since 
leaving  Alexandria  on  April  25th.  The  regiment  withdrew  at  dark 
on  May  the  26th,  marched  all  that  night  and  most  of  the  following  day. 
The  men  straggled  very  badly  on  the  27th,  only  one  man  from  Company 
E  keeping  up  when  we  went  into  camp,  being  much  exhausted  from 
want  of  rest  and  the  excessive  heat.  May  28th  we  crossed  the  Pamun- 
key  on  pontoons  about  11  A.  M.,  and  rested  in  line  on  a  hill  about  a 
mile  from  the  river.  On  the  29th  we  marched  about  six  miles,  passing 
the  9th  and  2d  corps,  forming  line  in  edge  of  woods,  where  we  re- 
mained for  the  night.  On  the  30th  we  moved  forward  slowly  and 
about  2  P.  M.  formed  line  in  a  ploughed  field,  under  fire  of  sharp- 
shooters, not  far  from  Bethesda  Church.  Capt.  Nash  was  badly 
wounded  this  day  while  standing  in  front  of  the  regiment.  Had  charge 
of  brigade  pickets  during  night  and  not  relieved  until  noon  of  the  31st. 
On  June  1st  we  moved  forward  a  short  distance  in  neighborhood  of 
Cold  Harbor,  and  threw  up  breastworks.  Skirmishers  were  thrown 
out  but  were  driven  in  just  before  dark  and  our  line  attacked  by  a 
strong  force.  Our  position  was  a  good  one  and  we  repelled  the  rebels 
without  much  loss  to  us.  During  the  fight  some  large  branches  of  trees 
were  broken  off  by  the  enemy's  shells  and  fell  across  our  line  but  were 
cleared  away  with  cheers.  The  3d  Del.  crowding  into  the  right  of  our 
line,  shot  two  of  our  men  by  mistake  and  one  of  its  own  lieutenants. 
After  dark  the  woods  caught  fire  in  our  front  and  some  of  the  wounded 
were  burned.  On  June  2d  there  was  severe  skirmishing  during  the 
day.  At  4  P.  M.  we  fell  back  about  one  mile  in  second  line  of  works. 
The  rebels  charged  the  first  line  and  were  driven  back  by  the  9th  corps, 
which  retired  during  the  night.  In  the  morning  of  June  3d  the  9th 
corps  charged  across  the  open  field  and  retook  first  line.  Our  regi- 
ment advanced  on  a  rebel  battery  but  found  them  too  strongly  posted 
and  retired  in  good  order  to  edge  of  a  wood,  where  we  built  breast- 
works. Thorn,  of  Company  E  was  wounded  in  the  head  by  a  piece  of 
shell,  and  Capt.  Kimberly  by  a  sharpshooter.  The  skirmishing  and 
shelling  were  severe  this  day.  On  picket  duty  during  night  and  I  made 
connection  across  open  field  in  front  of  rebel  battery  with  9th  corps. 
On  the  morning  of  June  4th  we  found  the  enemy  had  withdrawn  from 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      291 

our  front  and  in  the  afternoon  our  regiment  was  moved  to  the  left 
On  the  5th  there  was  a  little  skirmishing  in  our  front,  but  heavy  mus- 
ketry and  artillery  firing  on  our  left.  At  11  P.  M.,  June  5th,  we  with- 
drew and  marched  one  mile  beyond  Allen's  Mills  where  shoes  were 
issued  to  the  regiment.  On  June  6th,  Lieut.  Zeilman  returned  to  the 
regiment.  On  the  7th  we  reached  the  Chickahominy  and  camped  in  a 
wood.  We  remained  here  several  days  and  had  clothing  issued  to  the 
regiment  which  was  very  much  needed.  Our  pickets  were  close  to 
those  of  the  enemy  but  there  was  an  understanding  not  to  fire,  and  some 
frequent  exchanges  of  tobacco  and  provisions  were  made.  Here  a  de- 
serter from  a  North  Carolina  regiment  came  into  our  lines.  On  June 
I2th  we  started  for  Long  Bridge  after  dark  and  crossed  the  Chicka- 
hominy at  daylight  on  the  13th.  Marching  again  at  night  we  reached 
Wilcox  Landing  on  the  James  River  on  the  14th  and  relieved  a  regi- 
ment of  heavy  artillery  in  the  breastworks.  On  June  i6th  we  crossed 
the  James  River  at  10  A.  M.  and  marched  to  within  two  miles  of  Peters- 
burg. On  June  i8th  our  brigade  acted  as  support  to  troops  which  were 
to  storm  a  fort  after  dark.  The  assaulting  column  moved  cautiously 
towards  the  fort  but  by  the  careless  discharge  of  a  musket  their  presence 
was  disclosed  to  the  enemy,  who  opened  a  heavy  fire  upon  them  and 
the  attack  was  abandoned.  On  this  day  Sergeant  Harris  was  wounded 
in  the  left  thigh.  Our  brigade  now  took  position  in  front  and  during 
the  night  erected  a  slight  breastwork  on  crest  of  hill  close  to  fort.  At 
daybreak,  on  the  19th,  as  soon  as  our  line  was  seen  by  the  enemy,  we 
received  a  severe  fire  of  musketry  and  artillery.  Corporal  Darling  of 
Company  E  was  shot  through  the  head  and  instantly  killed  as  he  was 
looking  over  the  breastwork.  As  he  was  the  tallest  Corporal  in  the 
Company  I  had  marched  many  miles  by  his  side.  He  was  a 
brave  and  excellent  soldier  and  his  loss  was  severely  felt  in 
the  Company.  The  ground  occupied  by  the  rebels  was  a  little  higher 
than  that  occupied  by  us,  so  that  many  of  our  men  were  wounded 
while  necessarily  moving  about.  A  brass  Cohorn  mortar  was  placed 
in  the  line  of  our  regiment,  which  caused  the  enemy  much  annoyance 
and  drew  fire  from  several  of  their  batteries.  From  the  bottom  of  a 
ravine  behind  us  the  mine  was  started  by  the  48th  Penn.  which  was 
afterwards  exploded  with  such  disastrous  results  to  the  enemy  and  to 
the  9th  corps.  On  June  20th  our  regiment  was  relieved,  moving  fur- 
ther to  the  left,  where  we  took  up  a  new  position  and  threw  up  en- 
trenchments. On  the  22d  there  was  a  sharp  engagement  on  our  left 
between  the  2d  corps  and  the  enemy.  On  this  day  Capt.  Danks  re- 
turned to  the  regiment.  After  this  we  had  a  quiet  time  for  nearly  a 
month.  The  pickets  in  our  front  were  peaceful  and  the  few  shells  and 
bombs  which  came  over  our  lines  did  us  no  damage.  The  bombs,  had, 
however,  caused  some  destruction  to  the  troops  on  our  right,  so  that  on 
July  14th  some  of  our  officers  and  men  built  bombproofs.  On  July  17th 
Major  Knox  returned  to  duty  and  on  the  21st  Captains  Nash  and 
Kimberly.     Early  in  the  morning  of  July  30th  the  mine  laid  by  the  9th 


292       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

corps  was  successfully  exploded  and  the  rebel  fort  blown  into  the  air 
with  its  guns  and  garrison.  Our  troops  had  been  under  arms  all  night 
and  immediately  opened  fire  all  along  the  line.  Directly  in  our  front 
there  was  no  reply,  and  we  thought  we  could  have  taken  the  enemy's 
works  with  very  little  loss  if  the  order  had  been  given  for  the  Sth  corps 
to  charge.  On  August  14th,  Capt.  Fox  returned  to  the  regiment  and 
on  the  15th  Lieut.  Col.  Conner.  August  i6th  our  division  was  relieved 
by  General  Porter's  division  and  we  bivouacked  in  the  woods  about  a 
mile  in  the  rear.  On  August  i8th  we  marched  to  Reams  Station.  This 
was  a  hard  march,  passing  through  a  dense  swamp  to  the  Weldon  R.  R. 
expecting  every  moment  to  come  on  the  enemy.  On  reaching  the  track 
the  rails  were  torn  up  for  a  long  distance,  heated  in  a  fire  made  from 
the  ties,  and  twisted  so  they  could  not  be  relaid.  The  2d  division,  on 
our  right,  had  a  brisk  fight  in  the  afternoon.  We  took  position  on  the 
West  side  of  railroad  and  threw  up  breastworks.  On  the  19th  the  2d 
division  was  attacked  in  the  afternoon  and  driven  back  some  distance, 
losing  many  prisoners.  Being  reinforced  they  rallied,  regained  their 
position  and  took  some  prisoners  from  the  enemy.  Our  regiment  was 
moved  to  the  right  on  the  double-quick  as  support,  but  we  were  not 
needed  and  returned  to  our  former  position.  As  there  were  some  woods 
in  our  front  the  rebels  did  not  seem  to  be  aware  of  the  extent  of  our  line 
of  entrenchments,  and  on  the  21st  a  brigade  of  infantry  suddenly  made 
its  appearance  under  our  guns,  no  doubt  thinking  they  had  outflanked 
some  of  our  troops  which  had  been  advanced  on  our  right,  and  were 
separated  from  us  by  a  short  interval.  They  found  out  their  mistake 
when  it  was  too  late  and  were  nearly  all  captured.  On  the  22d  Private 
Gregory  of  Company  E  was  missing  from  picket  duty  and  probably 
captured.  On  August  29th  Lieut.  Hoes  returned  to  camp.  On  the 
30th  our  regiment  was  detailed  to  work  on  a  fort.  On  September  6th 
the  officers  of  the  Forty-fourth  gave  a  supper  to  the  officers  of  the  83d 
Penn.,  whose  term  of  service  had  nearly  expired.  When  the  Forty- 
fourth  joined  the  army  in  the  fall  of  1861,  the  regiment  was  received 
with  great  kindness  by  the  83d  Penn.,  which  provided  a  supper  and 
rendered  assistance  in  pitching  tents.  Ever  since  that  time  there  had 
been  the  warmest  friendship  between  the  two  regiments  and  officers 
and  men  now  parted  as  volunteer  soldiers  with  many  feelings  of  regret. 
On  September  17th,  207  recruits  joined  the  regiment.  On  September 
24th  the  Forty-fourth  N.  Y.  Vols,  left  the  army  for  City  Point  and 
was  soon  after  mustered  out  of  service  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  having  com- 
pleted its  term  of  service.  The  recruits  and  reenlisted  men  were  or- 
ganized into  four  Companies,  constituting  the  Forty-fourth  Battalion 
N.  Y.  Vols,  under  my  command,  with  the  following  additional  officers : 
Capt.  A.  N.  Husted  and  First  Lieutenants,  O.  L.  Hunger,  Theodore 
Hoes  and  Edward  Bennett. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      293 

A  SAMPLE   WAR  EXPERIENCE. 

"Washington,  D.  C,  Feby.  15,  1909. 
"Comrade  Nash : 

"Some  of  my  comrades  and  friends  here  in  the  city  have  urged 
me  to  write  you  and  give  a  history  of  my  experience  on  the  Bull  Run 
battlefield.  As  it  might  be  of  some  interest  to  the  old  members  of  the 
Regiment  it  is  submitted  to  you  to  use  your  discretion  in  inserting  it. 
The  facts  are  taken  from  my  diary,  written  soon  after  the  battle. 

"I  was  struck  by  a  solid  shot  above  the  ankle  of  the  left  leg  on 
the  morning  of  August  30,  1862,  at  what  is  known  as  the  Second  Bull 
Run  battle.  My  leg  was  amputated  about  six  inches  below  the  knee 
by  Surgeon  Frothingham.  I  was  carried  to  the  rear  about  half  a  mile 
and  left  with  a  large  group  of  wounded  where  I  remained  until  about 
5  o'clock  in  the  afternoon.  I  was  very  anxious  to  get  farther  to  the  rear 
as  I  feared  the  result  of  the  battle  and,  that  I  might  be  left  a  prisoner 
in  my  disabled  condition.  Late  in  the  afternoon  it  became  apparent 
that  our  lines  were  gradually  giving  way.  About  5  o'clock  I  found  my- 
self between  the  two  lines  of  battle  and  about  100  yards'  in  front  of 
the  Duryea  Zouaves  who  were  hotly  engaged  with  the  enemy.  I  crawled 
on  my  hands  and  knees  toward  our  line  and  when  about  20  rods  away 
two  brave  fellows  ran  out  and  carried  me  back  a  short  distance  to  the 
rear.  Their  line  soon  gave  way  and  I  was  soon  in  the  hands  of  the 
advancing  rebels.  It  rained  nearly  all  that  night  and  surrounded  by 
the  dead  and  dying  I  fully  realized  the  horrors  of  war.  The  next  morn- 
ing the  sun  shone  brightly  and  as  I  was  in  the  shade  of  a  tree  I 
moved  out  into  the  sunshine  to  dry  my  clothing.  I  do  not  know  whether 
my  exertion  in  moving  or  what  it  was  caused  the  artery  of  my  limb  to 
give  way  and  it  bled  freely.  I  at  once  made  a  tourniquet  by  tying  a 
knot  in  my  handerchief  and  with  the  knot  on  the  artery  above  the  knee 
by  twisting  it  tightly  with  a  short  stick,  I  managed  to  partially  stop 
the  flow  of  blood  but  not  entirely.  I  was  then  in  a  very  bad  plight 
with  no  one  near  but  the  dead  and  dying'  and  thought  it  was  only  a 
question  of  a  short  time  when  I  would  bleed  to  death.  I  was  aided 
by  a  determined  will  and  resolved  to  live  as  long  as  possible,  hoping 
to  get  within  our  lines  where  I  might  get  a  decent  burial  and  where 
my  friends  might  get  some  account  of  me. 

"Some  time  after  5  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  a  rebel  surgeon  was 
passing  within  about  20  rods  and  by  urgent  shouting  I  induced  him 
to  come  to  me  and  asked  him  to  help  me.  This  he  positively  declined 
to  do  with  the  remark  that  they  had  more  than  they  could  do  with 
their  own  wounded  without  helping  us  fellows  and  said  he  was  going 
to  another  hospital  for  a  case  of  instruments  and  was  in  a  great  hurry. 
It  was  then  that  my  previous  precaution  came  to  my  aid  and  I  informed 
him  that  I  would  give  him  twenty-five  dollars  in  gold  if  he  would 
assist  me.     He  seemed  to  doubt  my  having  that  much  on  me.     I  as- 


294       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

sured  him  I  had  and  would  have  it  ready  for  him  when  he  returned. 
He  marked  the  location  and  returned  in  about  fifteen  minutes.  I  had 
the  money  in  my  hand  and  told  him  it  was  his  soon  as  the  work  was 
done.  He  then  took  off  the  bandage,  took  out  the  stitches,  tied  and 
singed  the  artery,  put  on  a  clean  bandage  and  did  a  first  class  job.  I 
paid  him  what  I  promised.  He  seemed  much  pleased  when  he  got  the 
money  and  I  was  certainly  pleased  and  grateful  for  what  he  had  done 
for  me. 

"Some  may  wonder  how  it  was  that  I  had  this  amount  of  gold 
at  this  time.  Perhaps  this  will  admit  of  a  little  explanation.  When 
we  were  at  Union  Square  in  New  York  City  on  our  way  to  the  front 
I  was  given  a  sum  of  money  by  a  good,  loyal,  Scotch  friend  with  the 
wise  advice  that  I  keep  plenty  of  money  with  me  as  I  might  need  it 
some  time.  During  the  winter  of  '6i  and  '62  I  bought  in  Washington 
fifty  gold  dollars,  had  a  leather  belt  made,  put  this  gold  into  it  and 
placed  it  around  my  body.  I  used  $15  of  it  while  a  prisoner  in  Rich- 
mond, having  been  taken  a-  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Gaines  Mills.  The 
remark  of  my  Scotch  friend  came  true.  It  was  the  means  of  saving 
my  life  as  the  Confederate  Surgeon  would  have  left  me  to  my  fate 
had  I  not  shown  him  the  glittering  dollars.  I  then  had  $10  left,  part 
of  which  I  gave  to  an  old  darkey  for  bringing  me  a  pint  of  milk  and  a 
little  hoe  cake  every  morning.  I  remained  on  the  field  four  days  when 
I  was  taken  to  a  barn  some  distance  away  which  was  being  used  for 
a  hospital.  I  was  made  as  comfortable  as  the  circumstances  would 
admit  in  the  cow  stable.  On'  the  ninth  day  after  the  battle  I  was  taken 
from  there  to  a  hospital  in  Fairfax  Seminary,  near  Alexandria.  My 
companion  in  the  ambulance,  who  had'  also  lost  a  limb,  died  before  we 
reached  there. 

"I  do  not  like  to  recall  to  memory  my  experiences  during  those 
terrible  days  and  have  related  them  with  a  great  deal  of  reluctance 
but  if  they  will  be  of  any  interest  to  my  old  comrades  of  the  grand 
old  Forty-fourth  Regiment,  it  will  make  me  glad  to  state  the  facts  as 
they  occurred. 

"The  old  flag  that  we  rallied  around  and  fought  under  still  waves 
over  the  great  and  prosperous  nation  and  I  sincerely  hope  the  brave 
defenders  of  that  flag  will  be  provided  for  in  their  declining  years. 
There  is  nothing  too  good  for  them  and  I  trust  the  rising  generation 
will  appreciate  what  was  done  in  that  great  struggle  to  save  the  Union. 

Fraternally, 

James  S.  Dougall.'' 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      295 


LIEUTENANT   EUGENE   L   DUNHAM. 

Camp  of  44th  Regt.  N.  Y.  V.,  near  Emmetsburg,  Pa., 

July   6th,    1863. 
Mr.  A.  Dunham, 
Dear  Sir: 

Not  knowing  as  you  have  learned  the  painful  particulars  of  the 
late  battle  of  Gettysburg,  it  seems  a  painful  duty  devolving  upon  me  to 
inform  you  of  your  great  loss,  and  of  the  deep  gloom  and  sadness  hang- 
ing over  us  as  a  regiment.  Lieut  E.  L.  Dunham,  Company  D,  44th 
Regt.  was  killed  suddenly  on  Thursday  evening,  July  2d,  at  six  o'clock 
while  nobly  and  gallantly  urging  his  men  on  to  duty.  He  was  struck 
by  a  minnie  ball  under  the  right  eye,  and  killed  instantly.  I  suppose 
you  to  be  his  father.  On  leaving  camp  he  gave  me  your  address,  and 
told  me  I  might  have  to  tell  you  of  his  death — and  dear  sir,  so  it  has 
proved. 

Sad  is  the  duty,  yet  I  feel  that  you  will  thank  me  for  the  few 
particulars  I  can  write  you,  and  the  deep,  deep  interest  I  have  taken 
in  such  a  noble  man.  He  fell  in  our  hands,  and  all  his  effects  are 
safely  in  our  possession,  and  when  an  opportunity  is  afforded  us,  will 
be  forwarded  to  you,  if  you  will  give  us  the  directions. 

The  dear  fellow  is  respectfully  buried  in  his  blanket  and  poncho, 
and  his  burial  place  plainly  marked.  Captain  Larrabee  of  Company  B 
lies  by  his  side.  His  (Larrabee's)  body  fell  into  the  hands  of  the 
enemy,  and  was  rifled  of  everything — many  articles  of  value,  $90  in 
money,  &c.    He  was  not  found  until  the  next  day. 

As  we  passed  the  grave  of  my  best  friend  on  our  way  'to  this  place 
I  came  ahead  of  the  regiment  and  halted  a  few  minutes  to  look  upon 
the  spot.  Freely  did  the  tears  course  down  my  cheeks,  to  think  that 
poor  Dunham  was  never  more  to  be  with  us ;  that  his  well  loved  form 
was  made  to  lie  low  by  the  hand  of  some  cursed  traitor.  For  your  in- 
formation and  my  own  satisfaction  I  called  at  the  house  near  by,  and 
found  the  general  directions  as  to  the  vicinity,  when  in  some  future  time 
you  may  recover  his  remains.  He  lies  in  the  corner  of  a  fence  joining 
the  garden  fence ;  property  owned  by  Leonard  Brickest,  two  and  one-half 
miles  from  Getty.sburg.  Enclosed  is  a  leaf  of  a  peach  tree  under  which 
his  body  rests.     *     *     * 

He  was  highly  appreciated  by  his  company  and  all  officers,  par- 
ticularly the  Colonel.  Lieut.  Grannis  with  myself,  tender  to  you  our 
heartfelt  sympathy,  at  your  great  bereavement,  but  be  assured  that 
Lieut.  Dunham  fell  in  a  noble  cause,  and  God  has  called  him  home. 
Sad  and  lonely  without  our  friends,  I  cannot  but  weep  with  you. 
I  am  Respectfully  your  obedient  servant, 

O.  C.  Brown. 


296       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

IN   MEMORIAM,  CHARLES   E.    PEASE. 
By  Bradford  R.  Wood. 

Brevet  Major  Charles  Elliott  Pease  was  born  in  Albany,  N.  Y., 
August  16,  1838,  and  was  educated  in  the  schools  of  that  city  and  at 
Union  College,  Schenectady,  leaving  college  to  engage  with  his  father, 
Richard  H.  Pease  in  the  manufacture  of  agricultural  implements.  Soon 
after  the  beginning  of  the  Civil  War,  he  joined  the  44th  Regiment  New 
York  Infantry,  and  on  September  25,  1861,  was  mustered  into  the 
service  as  First  Lieutenant  of  Company  G.  He  was  discharged  from 
the  regiment  May  27,  1863,  for  promotion  to  Assistant  Adjutant  General 
U.  S.  Volunteers  with  the  rank  of  Captain,  and  on  August  i,  1864,  was 
made  a  Major  by  Brevet,  for  faithful  and  meritorious  services  in  the 
field. 

He  was  a  member  of  the  staffs  of  Brigadier  General  James  H.  Van- 
Alen  and  of  Major  Generals  Joseph  Hooker  and  George  G.  Meade.  At 
the  battle  of  Gettysburg  his  horse  was  shot  under  him.  As  the  Union 
Army  was  approaching  Appomattox,  on  April  9,  1865,  a  letter  from 
Gen.  Lee  to  Gen.  Grant  came  to  Gen.  Meade's  headquarters  under  a  flag 
of  truce,  but  Gen.  Grant  having  gone  to  meet  Gen.  Sheridan,  Major 
Pease  had  the  honor  to  carry  it  to  him.  The  letter  requested  an  inter- 
view in  regard  to  the  terms  of  capitulation,  and  as  soon  as  Gen.  Grant 
had  read  it  and  sent  a  reply  by  Gen.  Babcock,  he  hastened  forward  to 
meet  Gen.  Lee  at  Appomattox  Court  House,  requesting  Major  Pease  to 
accompany  him.  Gen.  Lee  being  apprehensive  that  hostilities  might  be 
resumed  during  the  conference,  Gen.  Grant  sent  Major  Pease  to  Gen. 
Meade  with  orders  that  the  truce  be  prolonged  until  positive  orders 
were  received  by  him.  The  shortest  way  back  by  several  miles,  being 
through  the  enemies  lines,  Gen.  Lee  wrote  a  pass  for  the  Major  through 
his  lines.  Major  Pease  was  the  first  to  bring  the  glad  tidings  of  the 
surrender  to  the  Commander  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  After  the 
close  of  the  war  Major  Pease  was  appointed  Secretary  of  the  United 
States  Life  Insurance  Company,  which  position  he  held  until  failing 
health  compelled  him  to  relinquish  business.  He  died  in  New  York, 
March  25,  1886,  and  after  the  funeral  services  in  that  city,  the  remains 
were  taken  to  Albany  and  laid  to  rest  in  the  Albany  Rural  Cemetery 
He  left  surviving  him  a  widow  and  one  daughter.  He  was  an  accom- 
plished gentleman,  and  a  brave  and  gallant  soldier,  who  in  his  long 
service  extending  nearly  through  the  entire  War  of  the  Rebellion,  ren- 
dered distinguished  and  valuable  aid  to  his  country  in  the  hour  of  need. 


/ 

/ 


•*H... 


BENNETT  MUNGER. 

Bennett  Alunger.  son  of  Gains  and  Abigail  Hunger,  was  born 
October  25.  1817,  at  Agawani,  Mass.,  and  died  at  Canandaigua, 
N.  v.,  October  2"],  1877. 

He  was  married.  Septeml)er  22,  1841,  to  Mary  Wilcox.  One  child, 
Ida,  now  Mrs.  Edson  Case  of  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y..  was  the  result  of 
this  union.  A  man  of  sterling  character  he  was  highly  respected  by 
those  who  knew  him.  He  was  a  farmer  and  sometime  Justice  of  the 
Peace.  At  the  request  of  the  War  Committee  for  Yates  County,  N.  Y., 
where  he  then  resided,  he  assisted  in  securing  recruits  for  a  new  Penn 
Yan  Company,  in  August,  1862,  and  at  its  organization  was  elected 
Captain.  As  such  he  was  mustered  into  the  United  States  service,  Octo- 
ber 3.  1862.  and  with  his  Company  became  a  part  of  the  44th  N.  Y. 
Vol.  Inf.  He  had  a  part  in  the  battles  of  Fredericksburg,  Chancellors- 
ville,  Aldie,  Gettysburg,  where  he  was  wounded,  Rappahannock  Sta- 
tion and  ]\line  Run.  In  January,  1864.  he  was  detailed  for  special 
duty  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.,  where  he  was  mspector  of  prisons  for  captive 
Confederates;  he  remained  until  his  muster-out  in  October,  1864. 
While  Inspector  the  accidental  discharge  of  a  rusty  revolver,  found  by 
a  Confederate,  was  the  cause  of  a  wound  which  troubled  him  as  long 
as  he  lived  and  doubtless  .shortened  his  life. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      297 

GETTYSBURG  IN  PERSPECTIVE. 
By  Captain  A.  N.  Husted. 

The  battle  of  Gettysburg  was  the  culmination  of  a  series  of  events 
which  need  to  be  reviewed,  in  part  at  least,  in  order  that  we  may  un- 
derstand and  appreciate  the  conditions  under  which  the  battle  was 
fought.  Here  were  two  armies  of  Americans,  numbering  approximately 
one  hundred  thousand  men  each,  and,  all  things  considered,  not  un- 
equally matched.  For  more  than  two  years  the  Union  "Army  of  the 
Potomac"  and  the  Confederate  "Army  of  Northern  Virginia"  by  the 
severe  training  of  arduous  campaigns,  had  been  hammered  and  moulded 
into  as  effective  fighting  machines  as  the  world  had  ever  known.  Let  us 
briefly  recall  the  history  of  each.  For  these  two  years  of  the  Army  of 
the  Potomac  had  known  but  little  of  the  exhilaration  and  joy  of  victory 
and  much  of  discouragement  and  defeat.  Its  first  heroic  contest  with 
the  rebel  foe,  in  the  "Peninsular  Campaign"  of  July,  1862,  closed  in 
a  disastrous  retreat  to  Harrison's  Landing,  followed  by  a  hurried  trans- 
fer north  to  protect  the  nation's  capitol  from  the  assaults  of  the  vic- 
torious foe. 

The  battle  of  Antietam  in  September  following  should,  I  think,  be 
called  a  "draw ;"  Lee  was  halted  and  compelled  to  retreat,  but  we 
hardly  dare  call  the  result  a  Union  victory.  The  rebels  were  attacking 
and  could  not  carry  our  lines — honors  were  fairly  even.  In  mid-Decem- 
ber the  armies  again  faced  each  other,  now  on  opposite  sides  of  the 
Rappahannock  at  Fredericksburg.  Every  advantage  rested  with  the 
southern  army  strongly  intrenched  on  Marye's  Heights  a  mile  back  from 
the  swift  flowing  river.  Great,  indeed,  must  have  been  the  political 
pressure  to  induce  General  Burnside  to  take  the  desperate  chance  of 
attacking  when  success  was  scarcely  a  possibility.  A  novice  in  war 
would  have  foreseen  the  inevitable  result.  Prodigies  of  valor  were  per- 
formed by  our  brave  troops,  but  our  army  was  defeated  with  loss  of 
more  than  10,000  in  killed,  wounded  and  missing,  while  the  enemy's 
loss  was  comparatively  small. 

FIRST   BATTLE. 

This  was  my  first  battle.  Our  Third  Brigade,  First  Division,  Fifth 
Corps,  was  the  last  line  of  battle  to  be  ordered  forward  to  the  slaughter. 
Fortunately  the  merciful  night  enshrouded  us  before  we  had  time  to 
rally  for  the  final  dash ;  we  were  spared  the  frightful  losses  and  terrible 
experiences  of  the  gallant  battalions  whose  thrice-decimated  ranks 
had  met  inevitable  defeat.  It  seems  to  me  to-night,  as  it  seemed  to  all 
of  the  participants  then,  that  this  fiasco,  this  complete  and  humiliating 
failure  should  have  convinced  both  the  soldier  and  the  civilian,  that  only 
defeat  and  discouragement  could  result  from  another  forward  movement 
in  winter ;  but,  not  so.  The  "Onward  to  Richmond"  cry  and  the  "Peace 
at  any  price"  cry,  and  the  howls  of  the  "Copperheads"  of  the  North 


298       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

were  so  loud  and  persistent  that  another  attack  on  the  rebel  stronghold 
was  planned  for  January  20,  1863.  The  surface  of  mother  earth  was 
well  frozen;  the  roads  were  hard  and  good,  and  the  march  began. 
Fortunately,  again,  the  Great  Commander  of  all  the  earthly  armies, 
countermanded  the  order  before  we  had  marched  many  miles;  that  very 
afternoon  the  south  wind  blew  softly  and  the  softening  moisture  de- 
scended. Next  morning  the  "chariot  wheels"  of  the  artillery  "drove 
heavily"  as  they  sank  to  the  hub  through  the  thin  crust  of  frozen  ground. 
The  Army  of  the  Potomac  was  literally  "stuck  in  the  mud."  After  a 
few  days,  well  spent  in  building  corduroy  roads  we  laboriously  but 
gladly  made  our  way  back  to  the  shelter  of  our  log-and-canvas  domi- 
ciles. Thus  passed  into  history  the  famous  "Mud  March"  of  the  Army 
of  the  Potomac — there  had  been  no  "firing  Hne"  and  no  casualties. 

"onward  to  RICHMOND." 

After  three  months  of  reorganizing,  reinforcement  and  drilling,  the 
great  army,  now  in  full  strength  and  full  too  of  courage  and  enthu- 
siasm, again  took  up  the  "Onward  to  Richmond"  march.  Under  the  gal- 
lant Hooker  whose  victories  in  the  West  had  won  him  prestige  and  fame 
in  the  East,  success  was  anticipated.  The  initial  movement  of  this,  th^ 
Chancellorsville  campaign,  up  the  Rappahannock  and  across  both  the 
Rappanhannock  and  the  Rapidan,  by  which  the  confederate  intrench- 
ments  were  rendered  worthless,  was  brilliantly  conceived  and  admirably 
executed.  The  fatal  mistake  was  the  halt  at  Chancellorsville;  had  the 
march  continued  an  hour  longer,  the  army  would  have  passed  out  of 
the  "Wilderness"  where  its  superiority  of  numbers  would  have  given 
it  a  great  advantage ;  but,  the  halt  at  Chancellorsville,  the  wounding  of 
the  commanding  general  and  other  happenings  which  I  need  not  narrate 
doomed  us  to  failure.  In  less  than  one  short  week,  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac,  mourning  the  loss  of  about  17,000  men,  killed,  wounded  and 
missing,  again  sought  safety  behind  the  sheltering  river.  I  should  not 
omit  to  state,  comrades,  that  here,  as  at  Fredericksburg,  the  rear  of 
the  retreating  army  was  protected  by  the  valiant  and  rehable  Forty- 
fourth  New  York.  This  second  defeat,  in  a  few  months  was  very  dis- 
couraging to  the  patriot  army,  and  also  very  inspiriting  to  the  rebel 
host. 

During  the  months  of  May  and  June  the  two  armies  moved  leisurely 
northward,  we  by  way  of  Manassas  and  Fairfax  Court  House;  the 
Confederates  via  the  rich  Shenandoah  valley,  protected  by  the  mountain 
wall  which  separated  the  two  armies.  By  June  26  both  armies  were 
well  across  the  Potomac,  and  both  were  in  good  fighting  spirit.  Lee's 
army  flushed  with  its  successive  victories,  boastfully  regarded  itself 
invincible;  Hooker's  men,  maddened  by  this  invasion  of  a  free  state 
were  eager  to  meet  and  vanquish  the  rebel  foe.  At  Gettysburg  they 
have  the  opportunity.  Gettysburg!  "High-water  mark  of  the  Rebel- 
lion." An  army  of  nearly  100,000  veteran  rebel  soldiers,  confident  of 
victory,  a  hundred  miles  directly  north  of  the  national  capitol ;  the  slave 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      299 

holders  and  slave  drivers  of  the  South  threatening  to  occupy  our  north- 
ern cities ;  even  to  call  the  roll  of  their  human  chattels  "at  the  foot 
of  Bunker  Hill  monument." 

Let  us  now  imagine  ourselves  standing  July  2,  1863,  at  high  noon 
on  Little  Round  Top,  looking  north.  Three  miles  away  lie  Gettysburg 
and  Cemetery  Hill — the  latter  now  occupied  by  our  shattered  forces, 
so  nearly  defeated  the  previous  afternoon.  A  mile  or  more,  to  the 
west,  running  nearly  parallel  to  Cemetery  Ridge  is  Seminary  Ridge,  held 
now  by  the  marshalled  forces  of  the  rebel  army.  Round  Top  is,  as  yet 
unoccupied.  It  is  the  key  to  the  field  of  battle — an  ideal  field;  such  a 
field  and  such  a  chance  for  open,  field  fighting  on  equal  terms  as  the 
Army  of  the  Potomac  had  rarely,  if  ever,  before  enjoyed.  All  the  fore- 
noon our  regiments,  brigades  and  field  batteries  had  been  coming  up. 
The  Fifth  Corps,  after  marching  a  great  part  of  the  preceding  twenty- 
four  hours,  arrived  about  8  A.  M. 

UP  ROUND  TOP. 

Four  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  had  come  and  still  there  is  no  sound 
of  battle.  But  listen !  The  Fifth  Corps  bugles  are  sounding.  Our 
"signal"  men  have  just  reported  that  two  columns  of  Confederate  soldiers 
with  banners  waving  are  rapidly  marching  to  seize  the  coveted  position. 
In  a  few  minutes  ten  thousand  "Boys  in  Blue,"  at  "double  quick"  are 
hastening  to  repel  the  attack.  A  wide  gap  intervenes  between  the  left 
of  our  troops  on  Cemetery  Ridge  and  Round  Top,  the  objective  of  both 
forces;  when  it  is  filled,  only  the  Third  Brigade  of  the  first  division — 
four  small  regiments  numbering  scarcely  1,200  rifles — remain.  Only 
1,200!  but  they  are  all  men-volunteers,  every  one,  not  a  "bounty  man" 
or  a  conscript  among  them.  They  were  veterans  too;  they  had  fought 
under  McClellan  on  the  Peninsula  and  at  Antietam,  under  Bumside  at 
Fredericksburg,  and  under  Hooker  at  Chancellorsville ;  right  well  they 
knew  that  a  great  crisis,  not  only  in  the  history  of  our  nation,  but 
also  in  the  history  of  the  world,  was  at  hand.  There  was  the  Twentieth 
Maine,  hardy  woodsmen  from  "way  down  east;"  the  Sixteenth  Michigan, 
their  worthy  companions ;  the  Eighty-third  Pennsylvania,  whose  roster 
of  "Fell  in  Battle"  (282  names)  was  exceeded  by  but  one  of  all  the 
hundreds  of  regiments  that  followed  the  Stars  and  Stripes ;  there,  too, 
was  the  Forty-fourth  New  York,  picked  men  from  the  Empire  State — 
a  regiment  classed  with  the  "300  fighting  regiments  of  the  war."  These 
are  the  men  whose  task  it  is  to  seize  and  hold  that  hill,  and  they  are 
not  too  late ;  they  gain  the  summit  ten  minutes  in  advance  of  the  rebel 
line. 

TOOK   NINETY   PRISONERS. 

A  letter  which  I  wrote  a  few  days  after  the  battle  says  Company 
E,  "the  Normal  School  Company,"  took  ninety  prisoners,  which  was 
nearly  three  times  the  number  of  muskets  it  carried.  You  naturally 
inquire  as  to  how  it  came  to  pass  that  so  many  brave  Texans  could  be 
"gobbled  up"  by  so  small  a  force  of  Yanks.    This  was  the  way  it  hap- 


300       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

pened.  Our  men  were  somewhat  protected  by  large  rocks  and  boul- 
ders, and,  not  far  in  front  of  the  Union  line  were  other  rocks  and  boul- 
ders, which  afforded  considerable  protection  for  the  advancing  foe,  but 
from  which  it  was  very  dangerous  to  retire  when  the  main  line  retreated. 
Grasping  the  situation,  some  half-dozen  men,  led  by  First  Sergeant 
Willett,  sprang  forward  and  received  the  surrender  of  the  ninety  Tex- 
ans,  who  found  themselves  caught  as  in  a  trap.  I  know  that  the  prison- 
ers numbered  at  least  ninety,  for  I  counted  them  myself.  One  of  them 
did  me  a  great  favor,  for  which,  I  fear,  I  did  not  thank  him,  but  for 
which  I  have  always  been  profoundly  grateful.  He  stood  directly  in 
front  of  me  begging  me  not  to  shoot  him,  when  a  bullet,  from  the 
musket  of  a  brother  Texan,  entered  his  back.  Probably  he  saved  my  life, 
or,  at  least,  protected  me  from  a  severe  wound.  I  commanded  the 
little  squad  which  conducted  the  prisoners  to  the  rear.  While  I  was 
gone,  another  line  of  battle  was  seen  to  be  approaching  and  my  company 
changed  its  position  a  little.  When  I  returned  I  went  directly  to  our 
first  position,  judging  from  appearances  that  the  boys  were  lying  close, 
when  to  my  astonishment  I  saw  that  these  men  were  all  either  dead 
or  severely  wounded.  The  new  rebel  line  did  not  closely  approach, 
fired  but  little,  and  soon  withdrew ;  then  we  went  forward  to  view  the 
work  we  had  done.  Our  first  volley,  fired  at  close  range,  as  they  came 
into  view  at  the  brow  of  a  sharp  declivity,  was  very  destructive — the 
dead  lay  all  about,  some  in  groups  of  half  a  dozen  or  more. 

The  failure  of  Pickett's  desperate  charge  on  our  centre,  the  fol- 
lowing day,  is  a  matter  of  history.  Lee's  retreat  was  begun  on  July  4; 
by  the  morning  of  July  5  he  was  far  away  through  a  mountain  gap. 

On  July  5  I  was  over  a  considerable  portion  of  the  field,  which 
presented  a  most  horrible  sight — literally  square  miles  of  the  dead  lying 
flat  on  their  backs,  as  they  had  lain  for  two  or  three  days,  under  a  July 
sun. 

Both  armies  fought  at  Gettysburg  as  probably  they  had  never  fought 
before.  The  Confederates,  flushed  with  the  series  of  victories  to  their 
credit,  and  further  encouraged  by  the  draft  riots  in  our  northern  cities, 
were  confident  of  success.  The  Unionists  had  a  deep  feeling  that  they 
were  there  to  do  and  die,  if  need  be,  in  defence  of  their  homes  and  the 
free  States  now  invaded  by  the  boastful  southron. 

General  Meade  has  been  severely  criticized  by  the  generals  of 
both  armies  for  not  ordering  a  counter-charge  when  Pickett  was  so 
disastrously  defeated.  Had  Grant  or  Sherman  been  commanding  that 
counter-charge  would  probably  have  been  made,  with  the  possible  re- 
sult of  routing  the  rebel  forces.  I  am  not,  however,  altogether  in  sym- 
pathy with  these  criticisms.  It  is  easy  to  prophesy  after  the  event. 
General  Meade  doubtless  knew  better  than  any  one  else  how  narrowly 
his  army  escaped  defeat  on  the  nights  of  both  July  i  and  2. 

It  is  well  known,  of  course,  that  in  the  first  day's  battle,  our  forces, 
outnumbered  two  or  three  to  one,  were  badly  defeated,  though  not  with- 
out inflicting  severe  losses  on  the  enemy,  and  were  forced  to  take  refuge 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      301 

— if  refuge  it  may  be  called — on  Cemetery  Hill.  That  night,  or  at  early 
dawn  of  the  next  day,  before  the  arrival  of  either  the  Fifth  or  Sixth 
Corps,  was  Lee's  opportunity  to  capture  the  hill,  capture  or  scatter  the 
troops  holding  it,  and  thus  open  the  way  for  using  up  the  Union  army 
by  piecemeal.  Was  not  Lee's  failure  to  avail  himself  of  this  opportunity 
at  least  as  great  a  mistake  on  his  part  as  Meade's  in  not  ordering 
the  countercharge? 

"stonewall'^  jackson's  death. 

It  was  the  Duke  of  Wellington  who  said,  "No  one  can  foretell  how 
a  battle  will  result;  all  we  can  do  is  to  make  every  possible  preparation, 
then  go  in  and  do  our  best."  At  Chancellorsville,  the  vicissitudes  of 
battle — the  happenings  which  cannot  be  guarded  against — all  favored 
the  enemy;  all  save  one,  and  that  one  was  the  death  of  "Stonewall" 
Jackson,  Lee's  ablest  lieutenant.  Had  Jackson  at  Gettysburg  com- 
manded a  corps — one  third  of  the  rebel  army — the  Gettysburg  story 
might,  and,  I  believe,  not  unlikely  would,  have  been  a  story  on  which 
the  Grand  Army  men  of  to-day  would  not  delight  to  linger. 

At  Gettysburg  the  vicissitudes  of  battle  were  quite  in  our  favor. 
By  accident,  rather  than  by  choice,  our  forces  had  the  better  position, 
an  advantage  which  they  never  before  enjoyed.  At  Gettysburg,  almost 
accidentally,  our  forces  gained  and  held  to  the  end,  the  commanding 
position  on  Round  Top ;  this  fact  operated  nearly  as  much  in  our  favor 
as  Jackson's  staggering  blow  at  Howard's  Corps,  contributed  to  rebel 
success  at  Chancellorsville.  At  Gettysburg  Lee  had  no  Jackson  to 
duplicate  the  blow  which  gave  him  the  victory  in  the  former  battle. 

MEADE  and  lee. 

As  a  commanding  general  Lee  was,  doubtless,  Meade's  superior, 
but  in  my  judgment  he  made  more  strategic  mistakes  in  those  three 
days  than  Meade  did;  but,  admitting,  as  perhaps  we  should,  in  the 
words  of  Colonel  Alexander,  Longstreet's  chief  of  artillery,  that  "the 
enem>  here  lost  the  greatest  opportunity  they  ever  had  for  routing 
Lee's  army  by  a  prompt  offensive,"  I  am  not  sure  but  that  in  the  light 
of  subsequent  history,  Meade  did  his  country  a  greater  service  by  "miss- 
ing the  opportunity"  than  he  could  have  done  by  seizing  it,  and  especially 
so,  if,  by  seizing  it,  the  war  had  soon  been  ended.  To  have  ended  the  war 
with  the  South  in  the  condition  of  a  half-whipped  boy  unsubdued  and 
defiant,  would  not  permanently  have  settled  the  questions  at  issue. 

The  sacrifices,  sorrows  and  sufferings  of  nearly  two  years  more 
of  war,  were  most  severe  and  deplorable,  but  Sherman's  "March  from 
Atlanta  to  the  Sea"  and  Lee's  "unconditional  surrender"  at  Appomatox 
were  the  necessary  antecedents  to  a  lasting  peace. 

We  rejoice  that  so  many  of  us  have  lived  to  realize  that  the  final 
and  complete  success  of  the  Union  armies  reunited  the  warring  States, 
and  that  to-day  we  speak  not  of  "free  States"  and  "slave  States,"  for 
all  are  free,  and  all  are  glad  to  be  free,  glad  to  be  integral  parts  of  a 


302       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

mighty  nation,  a  "world  power"  and  an  inspiration  to  liberty  and  prog- 
ress for  all  peoples. 

Sacrifice  has  always  been  the  price  of  national  strength  and  solidar- 
ity. We  mourn  that  the  arbitrament  of  war  demanded  the  life-blood 
of  the  bravest  and  best  of  our  youthful  countrymen,  both  of  the  North 
and  of  the  South,  but,  more  positively  than  ever  before,  are  we  now 
assured  that  the  sacrifices  of  our  patriot  brothers  were  not  in  vain. 

"On    Fame's    eternal    camping    ground 

Their  silent  tents  are  spread 
And  Glory  guards  with  solemn  round 

The  bivouac  of  the  dead ; 
Nor  shall  their  glory  be  forgot 

While  Fame  her  record  keeps 
Or  Honor  points  the  hallowed  spot 

Where  Valor  proudly   sleeps." 


44th  new  YORK    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      303 


AN  INCIDENT. 
Contributed  by  Capt.  O.  L.  Hunger. 

A  regiment  during  three  years'  active  service  afifords  a  variety  of 
striking  individual  experiences,  which  when  told  are  of  at  least  pass- 
ing interest.  The  incident  itself  is  sometimes  remembered  while  the 
identity  of  the  person  who  figured  in  it  has  been  lost  to  most  of  his 
comrades.  The  story  that  follows,  at  first  attributed  to  another,  is 
now  confessed  by  Jerome  B.  Satterlee  of  Co.  B  to  have  been  an 
event  in  his  service  with  the  44th.  It  reminds  one  of  Artemus  Ward's 
effort  in  a  like  contingency,  when  having  "surrounded"  two  rebels, 
intending  to  deliver  them  to  his  Captain,  they  politely  declined  to  go 
with  him  and  so  pressed  their  invitation  for  him  to  be  their  guest, 
that  he  somewhat  reluctantly  became  a  boarder  in  one  of  the  Con- 
federate hotels  sometimes  called  rebel  prisons.  No  doubt  Satterlee's 
motives  were  equally  patriotic.  Then,  too,  the  sentiment  of  the  Golden 
Rule,  so  largely  felt  and  practically  applied  by  the  mass  of  our  Union 
Soldiery  and  particularly  by  the  members  of  the  44th  N.  Y.,  could 
hardly  fail  to  affect  the  sympathetic  heart  of  a  man  who  well  knew 
that  Rebels  as  well  as  Yanks  sometimes  suffered  from  thirst.  We 
feel  justified  in  quoting  from  his  recent  letter  as  follows: — "Some 
time  ago  in  correspondence  with  a  comrade,  or  in  conversation  with 
one,  I  related  the  experience,  detailed  substantially  as  it  is  written 
out  here,  as  an  illustration  of  how  absolutely  silly  a  man  is  liable  to 
be  even  when  the  circumstances  would  apparently  force  the  exercise 
of  better  sense.  W^e  were  in  a  hot  place,  but  the  thought  that  I  could 
refuse  those  fellows  time  to  get  a  drink  of  water  out  of  the  spring 
that  was  right  there  did  not  occur  to  me  until  I  lost  out  in  the  ex- 
perience." 

We  congratulate  the  captor-captive  that  his  yielding  to  such  a 
humanitarian  impulse  did  not  cost  him  his  life  and  that  at  this  writing 
he  is  still  living  and  doing  good  work  for  his  Country. 

The  story  follows: — "In  the  matter  of  my  capture  at  Gaines  Mill 
I  was  among  those  sent  back  to  the  original  position  after  our  partial 
break  and  rally  on  the  left,  and  on  my  return  I  came  upon  and  took 
into  custody  two  men  of  a  South  Carolina  regiment  who  had  not 
succeeded  in  getting  back  in  time.  I  reported  to  Capt.  Larrabee  with 
my  prisoners  and  he  directed  me  to  hold  them  and  I  did  so  until  the 
retreat  was  finally  ordered,  and  undertook  to  take  them  off  with  us. 
They  begged  to  be  allowed  to  drink  at  a  spring  on  the  right  bank  of 
the  creek  a  little  to  the  left  of  the  position  of  our  Company,  and  I 
allowed  them  to  drink,  standing  guard  over  them  with  no  idea  of  any 
danger  in  the  delay,  but  when  I  attempted  to  follow  the  rest,  well,  it 
was  too  close  a  thing  front  and  rear  and  I  became  a  prisoner  in 
turn." 


304       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


LETTER  BY   DAVID   SHAPLEY,   JR. 

Albany,  N.  Y.,  Ellsworth  Barracks, 

August  21,  i86l. 
To  the  Editor  of  the  Utica  Morning  Herald: 

I  am  anxious  to  have  a  few  lines  inserted  in  the  Herald,  in  re- 
gard to  the  "People's  Ellsworth  Regiment,"  of  which  I  am  proud  to 
say  I  am  a  member.  Be  it  a  shame  to  Oneida  county  that  she  hasi 
only  three  representatives  in  the  regiment  at  the  present  writing.  I 
will  here  say  that  Vernon  has  a  "big  thing."  I  allude  to  Dr.  Landon, 
who  is  the  tallest  man  in  the  regiment.  He  stands  six  feet  six  inches, 
and  held  a  captain's  commission  in  the  Mexican  war  in  which  he 
served  with  distinction.  There  should  be  at  least  one  company  com- 
posed of  and  officered  by  men  from  our  county.  Herkimer,  Madi- 
son, and  Chenango  have  responded  nobly  to  the  call.  Members  are 
arriving  daily  from  different  parts  of  the  state,  which  is  steadily  fill- 
ing up  the  regiment.  Will  not  some  of  our  patriotic  young  men,  in 
the  towns  that  have  not  taken  action,  be  induced  to  make  the  effort 
immediately?  Circulate  your  subscriptions  in  your  respective  towns. 
If  you  are  not  able  to  raise  more  than  $20,  do  this  and  send  your 
best  man.  Our  regiment  is  composed  of  men  representing  nearly  all 
the  trades  and  professions,  and  many  graduates  from  the  best  col- 
leges in  the  country.  Many  left  good  situations  and  made  great  sacri- 
fices willingly,  esteeming  it  a  duty  to  serve  the  country  in  its  hour  of 
peril.  Major  Stryker  is  in  temporary  command  of  the  regiment.  We 
are  under  drill  from  four  to  six  hours  each  day.  All  our  officers  are 
experienced  and  competent  men.  Many  of  them  formerly  belonged  to 
the  celebrated  Chicago  Zouaves,  and  saw  service  with  the  Fire  Zouaves 
at  Bull  Run.  Our  leisure  hours  are  devoted  to  ball  playing,  reading,  writ- 
ing, sparring,  etc.  We  while  away  the  evenings  in  singing,  dancing  and 
the  like.  We  have  a  glee  club  called  the  "Ellsworth  Glee  Club,"  which 
discourses  splendid  music  accompanied  by  a  melodeon.  We  have  a 
temperance  organization  which  boasts  of  106  members  and  is  still  in- 
creasing. The  pledge  is  that  we  abstain  from  the  use  of  intoxicating 
liquors  while  in  the  regiment,  unless  prescribed  by  the  surgeon.  I 
would  say  that  our  food  is  of  the  best  quality  in  every  respect  and 
that  we  have  all  we  want.  We  have  excellent  accommodations  for 
washing,  so  none  has  an  excuse  for  being  unclean.  Our  uniform,  which 
is  to  be  the  regular  U.  S.,  is  expected  this  week.  The  fatigue  suit, 
I  understand,  is  to  be  a  drab  color,  made  up  in  Zouave  style.  The 
examining  physician  gave  us  a  compliment  by  saying  we  were  the 
finest  body  of  men  he  ever  examined.  Many  visitors  are  on  the 
grounds  each  day.  I  heard  one  gentleman  remark  that  he  would  see 
the  regiment  leave  if  he  had  to  walk  from  Saratoga  to  do  it.  The 
father  of  the  late  Col.  Ellsworth  was  on  the  grounds  to-day  and  was 
very  enthusiastically  received  by  the  boys.  The  Colonel  has  not  been 
chosen  as  yet,  but  we  can  rest  assured  that  he  will  be  the  right  man 


ORETT  LYMAX   AR'NGER. 

Orett  Ljman  Munger,  son  of  Lyman  and  Martha  (Whitney)  Mun- 
ger.  born  at  Penn  Yan,  New  York.  July  7,  1843;  enlisted  August  H, 
1862  and  became  a  member  of  Company  C,  44th  N.  Y.  Volunteer  In- 
fantry. At  organization  of  Company  he  was  made  First  Sergeant  and 
later  received  promotions  to  be  Second  Lieutenant,  First  Lieutenant  and 
Captain.  From  January  22  to  August  16,  1864.  he  was  acting  Adju- 
tant of  the  Regiment.  He  had  a  part  in  the  following  battles  and 
campaigns :  Fredericksburg,  Richards  Ford,  Mud  March,  Chancellors- 
ville,  Upperville,  Gettysburg,  Jones  Cross  Roads,  Wapping  Heights, 
Bristoe  Station,  Rappahannock  Station,  Mine  Run,  Wilderness.  Laurel 
Hill,  Totopotomoy  Creek,  Bethesda  Church,  Cold  Harbor,  Siege  of 
Petersburg  and  Poplar  Springs  Church.  Was  honorably  mustered  out 
October  3,  1864. 

Served  the  First  National  Bank  of  Mercer,  Pa.,  as  teller  for  two 
years  and  as  Cashier  for  twelve  years,  resigning  the  latter  position 
to  accept  business  opportunity  with  his  brothers  in  Chicago,  in  1881, 
which  City  has  since  been  his  home.  Is  President  Board  of  Trustees 
of  McCabe  Memorial  M.  E.  Church,  a  member  of  the  Military  Order 
of  the  Loyal  Legion,  of  the  Grand  Army  of  the  Republic  and  of  the 
Western  Society  Army  of  the  Potomac  of  which  he  was  President  for 
the  j-ear  ending  April  191 0.     Is  married  and  has  six  children. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      305 

when  found.  The  late  Col.  Farnham  of  the  Fire  Zouaves  was  to  have 
been  the  Lieut.  Colonel,  but  for  his  sudden  and  unexpected  death, 
which  was  properly  observed  by  the  regiment.  How  can  one  think 
here  of  war,  of  strife  and  civil  discord.  We  almost  forget  all  these 
when  we  resume  our  sports.  It  seems  more  like  a  school,  and,  in  fact, 
it  is  the  "school  of  the  soldier."  Would  that  our  soldiers  might  re- 
member that  they  are  not  only  their  country's  defenders  but  her  pride. 
She  points  to  them  as  did  the  noble  Roman  matron  to  her  jewels. 
They  are  no  mercenaries,  no  tools  of  a  despot,  but  intelligent  and 
manly  citizens,  who  imperil  life  for  freedom  and  law,  because  they 
know  their  worth.  They  are  the  pride,  too,  of  the  loved  ones  at 
home.  Many  a  mother  speaks  with  tearful  joy  of  her  "boy"  in  the 
army;  many  a  sister  tells  of  a  noble-hearted  brother.  Let  these  dear 
ones  have  no  cause  to  blush  for  them  when  they  shall  return,  as  less 
pure,  less  worthy  of  their  love  and  pride,  than  when  they  went  forth 
at  the  call  of  duty.  Yours  for  the  Union,  D.  S.,  Jr. 


3o6      44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 


LETTER    BY   MC  KENDREE    SHAW. 

Headquarters  People's  Ellsworth  Regiment, 

Albany,  Oct.  8,  1861. 
To  the  Editor  of  the  Utica  Morning  Herald: 

Our  regiment  is  now  full  to  the  maximum  standard,  and  the  "boys" 
are  anxiously  awaiting  marching  orders.  We  shall  remain  here  prob- 
ably not  longer  than  ten  days  at  the  most.  We  paraded  for  review  by 
His  Excellency,  Governor  Morgan,  yesterday  and  the  people  all  say  it 
was  a  fine  affair.  The  Governor  and  his  staff  came  upon  the  parade 
ground,  well  mounted  and  dressed  in  the  full  military  uniform,  and 
were  received  by  the  firing  of  the  proper  salute.  About  800  of  our 
men  were  on  the  ground  with  well  filled  knapsacks,  which  proved 
to  be  quite  a  load  before  the  four  hours  were  past,  the  time  which  we 
had  to  carry  them.  We  marched  before  His  Excellency  in  common, 
quick,  and  double  quick  time,  went  through  various  flanking  march- 
ings and  musket  exercises,  and  the  citizens  say  it  was  the  best  exhibi- 
tion of  the  kind  ever  witnessed  in  Albany.  There  were  probably  from 
ten  to  fifteen  thousand  spectators  present  of  both  sexes  who  seemed 
much  pleased  with  the  performance. 

We  are  using  the  Springfield  musket  now,  but  have  the  promise  of 
soon  exchanging  them  for  the  Minnie  rifle  musket.  Our  fatigue  uni- 
forms, which  are  not  like  any  other  Zouave  cut,  are  making,  and  those 
that  have  seen  them  say  they  are  very  nice.  We  expect  to  receive 
some  pay  from  Uncle  Sam's  servant,  the  pa5miaster,  in  a  few  days,  as 
the  pay  rolls  are  nearly  completed.  We  have  a  fully  organized  Christian 
Association  which  promises  to  be  a  flourishing  and  profitable  aflfair; 
and  have  also  a  Literary  Society  well  under  way,  the  exercises  of  which 
will  be  of  a  miscellaneous  character,  consisting  of  debates,  essays,  ora- 
tions, etc.  H  we  carry  a  library,  and  we  think  we  can,  these  institutions 
will  be  made  of  great  use  by  way  of  guarding  against  the  demoralizing 
influences  of  the  camp,  and  keeping  up  a  taste  for  literary  pursuits. 
Health  and  hilarity  pervade  our  ranks  as  much  as  ever,  there  being 
but  one  man  in  the  hospital.  The  officers  still  retain  the  most  un- 
shaken confidence  of  the  soldiers,  especially  Col.  Stryker,  command- 
ing, who  is  loved  and  respected  by  the  entire  regiment  and  all  who 
know  him. 

Undoubtedly  all  are  aware  that  the  people  of  the  great  Empire  State 
are  looking  to  this,  their  "pet  regiment,"  expecting  hard  work  and 
fidelity  to  the  glorious  cause  that  has  brought  us  together,  and  we 
trust  they  will  not  be  disappointed  in  their  expectations.  We  have  no 
sympathy  with  any  "peace  measure."  All  the  peace  or  compromise 
measure  that  our  regiment  will  look  at  is  the  unconditional  surrender 
of  the  Confederate  Army,  and  the  hanging  of  the  secession  leaders. 
Undoubtedly,  should  these  semi-secession  editors,  and  perfidious  civi- 
lians, visit  our  barracks  to  promulgate  their  pernicious  peace  doctrines, 
they  would  find  themselves  under  "marching  orders"  with  very  short 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      307 

time  to  "pack  up."  And  they  would  probably  fare  no  better  in  any 
regiment  in  our  army.  For  the  same  love  of  country — a  country,  the 
principles  of  which  are  the  most  pure  ever  witnessed  by  intelligent 
beings — that  animated  our  fathers,  pervades  the  breasts  of  our  soldiers 
in  this  trying  hour.  "Caesar  aut  nullus,"  cried  the  old  Romans.  So 
now  our  armies  and  patriotic  men  will  shout,  "Our  country  or  nothing." 
Yours  for  the  Union,  M.  Shaw. 


3o8      44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


LETTER   FROM   DAVID   SHAPLEY,   JR. 

Headquarters  People's  Ellsworth  Regiment, 

Albany,  Oct.  i6,  1861. 
To  the  Editor  of  the  Utica  Morning  Herald : 

Our  marching  orders  are  at  hand — we  are  ordered  to  leave  our 
barracks  next  Monday  at  i  p.m.  for  Washington.  We  are  to  be 
armed  with  the  Minnie  rifled  muskets.  The  above  orders  were  read 
on  parade  at  4  this  p.  m.  The  boys  have  been  cheering  nearly  in- 
cessantly for  two  hours  on  the  strength  of  this  news.  I  write  you 
these  few  lines  in  addition,  hoping  they  may  be  somewhat  interesting 
to  the  readers  of  the  Herald.  The  various  rumors  that  have  been 
circulated  respecting  our  marching  orders  and  destination  have  kept 
the  boys  on  the  qui  vive  for  the  last  fortnight.  During  this  time 
Madam  Rumor  has  appointed  the  day  many  times,  and  we  have  as 
often  been  disappointed.  If  some  of  these  reports  had  been  official, 
we  should  'ere  this  have  been  encamped  in  the  land  of  Secesh.  Some 
would  have  located  us  in  Missouri  or  Kentucky;  others,  in  Virginia. 
I  must  admit  that  the  state  of  affairs  looks  quite  "dusty"  in  each  of 
these  departments.  I  am  sure  our  companions  in  arms  would  welcome 
us  wherever  we  might  go.  Our  regiment,  according  to  this  morning's 
report,  numbers  1,026  men.  I  think  this  number  is  not  large  enough 
by  twenty-four  men  at  least.  Recruits  continue  to  arrive  daily.  We 
will  take  them  as  long  as  we  remain,  Col.  Stryler  having  the  privi- 
lege to  increase  the  regiment  to  1,100  men.  I  am  sorry  there  are  not 
more  Oneida  county  boys  in  this  crack  regiment.  I  am  sure  some  will 
live  to  see  the  awful  mistake  they  made  in  not  coming  here.  The 
general  health  of  the  regiment  is  good  and  we  are  comfortably  located 
in  the  large  and  spacious  brick  barracks  which  are  so  well  adapted  to 
the  use  made  of  them.  We  find  much  better  protection  here  from  the 
chilly  nights  of  autumn  than  we  did  in  the  wooden  barracks.  If  we 
now  and  then  have  a  chill,  which  is  but  momentary,  we  do  not  suffer 
from  the  pangs  of  hunger,  as  our  commissary  department  is  always 
well  stocked.  Several  members  of  Company  D  received  last  week 
from  their  fair  friends,  the  patriotic  young  ladies  of  Norwich,  several 
large  boxes,  which  looked  quite  suspicious,  owing  to  their  great  size, 
but  when  opened  were  found  to  contain  a  host  of  good  things,  such 
as  an  epicure  might  have  envied.  I,  having  a  ticket  for  the  collation, 
was  able  to  judge  of  the  goodness  of  the  various  edibles.  If  the  fair 
donors  had  been  present,  they  would  have  received  many  thanks  for 
their  kindness. 

Our  parade  ground  is  visited  by  hundreds  daily  to  witness  the  drill 
and  martial  appearance  of  the  boys,  and  none  of  them  seem  to  regret 
having  made  the  visit.  Yesterday  we  were  reviewed  by  General  Rath- 
bone  and  staff,  which  attracted  a  crowd  as  usual.  We  went  through 
the  manual  exercise  and  various  battalion  movements.  But  the  main 
feature  of  the  day  was  the  "charge"  made  on  double  quick,  the  whole 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      309 

regiment  being  drawn  up  in  line  of  battle.  The  other  was  the  pre- 
sentation of  a  beautiful  silk  flag  to  Company  F  by  the  ladies  of  Al- 
bany. Presentations  have  been  the  order  of  the  day  for  some  time  past. 
Many  captains  have  received  presents  from  their  respective  companies 
and  friends. 

The  regiment  formed  a  hollow  square  previous  to  dismissal,  for 
the  purpose  of  introducing  to  the  boys  Mr.  Ellsworth,  father  of  the 
late  Col.  Ellsworth.  When  introduced  by  the  Colonel,  every  soldier's 
head  was  uncovered  and  not  a  cheer  was  heard.  We  remained  in  this 
position  some  moments,  expecting  he  would  make  some  remarks.  He 
seemed  to  make  a  careful  survey  of  each  man,  and  at  last  seemed  to 
be  so  much  affected  that  he  was  unable  to  speak.  Perhaps  his  silence 
and  the  emotions  which  caused  it  told  more  than  language  could  ex- 
press.   The  occasion  was  truly  a  solemn  one  for  all. 

Rev.  Mr.  Pease,  of  Saratoga  County,  has  been  appointed  Chaplain 
for  the  regiment.  We  have  needed  one  for  a  long  time,  but  I  am  confi- 
dent we  have  found  the  right  man  at  last.  Mr.  Pease  is  a  Presbyterian. 
He  has  traveled  extensively  in  the  Old  World,  thus  having  an  oppor- 
tunity to  store  his  mind  with  the  incidents  of  his  travels,  and  to  study 
well  the  character  and  habits  of  men,  consequently  is  well  fitted  for  the 
position  he  has  been  urged  to  accept.  He  gave  his  first  discourse  last 
Sabbath.  He  remarked  that  he  was  of  Old  Revolutionary  stock,  his 
grandfather  having  fought  at  the  battle  of  Bennington,  and  the  fire  of 
'76  burned  in  his  breast.  He  came  here  not  for  pay  or  hoping  to  get 
office;  all  he  wanted  was  his  bread  and  butter.  He  now  recognized 
no  denomination,  but  was  here  as  a  Christian,  hoping  to  do  good 
among  us,  and  to  stand  as  an  electric  telegraph  between  the  44th  and 
Heaven. 

I  have  omitted  much  which  is  needless  to  repeat,  as  it  was  noticed 
in  a  letter  of  my  comrade  in  last  Saturday's  Herald. 

I  have  been  informed  upon  reliable  authority  that  we  are  to  have 
a  grand  reception  in  Washington,  and,  in  fact,  the  whole  route  from 
here  will  be  one  continued  ovation.  In  a  few  days,  at  least,  we  shall 
be  near  the  scene  of  conflict,  and  if  called  upon  shall  endeavor 
to  do  our  duty.  We  go  to  sustain  a  government  to  which  all  alike 
owe  allegiance.  It  is  not  a  war  of  hate  and  rapine,  but  one  in 
which  our  principles  and  honor  are  involved.  God  is  on  our  side.  The 
sense  of  right  is  plain  to  all.  It  has  the  approval  of  conscience.  It 
exalts  the  struggle  into  the  heroic.  We  are  fighting  for  truth  (which 
is  mighty  and  will  prevail),  for  freedom,  for  national  existence,  for  the 
hopes  of  humanity  in  all  the  future.  We  should  go  forth  into  battle 
with  this  motto,  "God  and  our  country,"  inscribed  on  our  banners. 
When  our  work  is  done,  we  hope  to  return  to  our  homes  with  our 
country  redeemed,  united  and  saved. 

Yours  for  the  44th, 

D.  S.  Jr.,  Co.  D. 


3IO      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


EXTRACT   FROM   LETTER   BY   LIEUT.    ALEX.   McROBERTS 
TO    HIS    BROTHER. 

Camp  on  Hall's  Hill  (Va.),  Oct.  29,  '61. 

After  lunching,  we  slung  knapsacks,  and  took  up  our  march  for 
Old  Virginia,  and  how  far  do  you  think  we  plodded  our  way  on  Vir- 
ginia's sacred  soil?  No  less  than  eighteen  miles  did  I  carry  my  "back 
sack"  yesterday,  and  it  was  tough  and  no  joking.  The  dust  "flewed" 
and  "blewed"  until  I  almost  thought  I  could  sup  on  the  dust  in  my 
throat.  It  was  after  i  o'clock  when  we  started,  and  at  8  p.  m.  I  was 
taking  (I  must  say  enjoying)  a  nice  supper  at  the  hands  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania 83d.  It  was  the  most  acceptable  feast  I  ever  enjoyed.  Our 
whole  regiment  was  entertained.  It  was  nothing  less  than  an  entertain- 
ment by  the  83d  boys,  who  kindly  prepared  an  abundance  of  coffee  for 
us.  It  has  caused  a  feeling  to  arise  that  can  never  be  blotted  out,  for 
it  was  so  like  a  touch  of  Philadelphia  love,  that  our  boys  discovered 
they  were  not  too  hoarse  to  cheer  for  their  brother  soldiers.  We  will 
stand  by  the  Pennsylvania  boys  to  the  last. 

Our  camp  is  on  Hall's  Hill,  about  five  miles  from  the  Rebels,  and 
I  presume  the  next  time  I  write,  if  I  do  so  again,  I  shall  give  you  a 
full  description  of  a  live  Rebel.  Our  camp  was  formerly  occupied  by 
the  Rebels,  and  I  feel  that  Little  Mac  is  in  a  dusty  place.  You  can 
rest  assured  that  I  slept  well  last  night,  and  the  ground  seemed  just 
the  thing  to  sleep  on  after  walking  so  great  a  distance  on  it. 

Gen.  McClellan  is  a  splendid  looking  officer.  His  general  appear- 
ance is  fine.  The  air  with  which  he  carries  himself  is  just  the  kind 
which  every  officer  should  imitate.  The  number  of  officers  on  horse- 
back reminds  me  of  the  pictures  of  spirited  horsemen  dashing  along 
regardless  of  life  and  limb. 

The  boys  did  not  all  stand  the  march.  A  good  many  dropped  out 
and  were  picked  up  by  the  ambulances.  Some  of  them  were  sick  and 
should  not  have  started.  Only  two  of  Company  C's  boys  fell  out,  and 
they  were  sick  in  the  morning  but  would  not  remain  behind.  I  stood 
it  "like  a  book"  and  did  my  best  to  cheer  on  the  men  in  their  long  and 
weary  march. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY     311 


RESOLUTIONS   BY   CO.   F  ON   DEATH   OF   CHARLES 
CHAPPELL. 

Death  of  a  Soldier. — At  a  meeting  of  the  members  of  Company  F, 
44th  (People's  Ellsworth)  Regiment,  called  in  consequence  of  the  death 
of  their  late  esteemed  comrade  and  fellow-soldier,  Charles  Chappell, 
on  motion,  it  was  unanimouslj^  resolved  that  a  series  of  resolutions  be 
drawn  as  expressive  of  their  sense  at  this  bereavement,  and  to  forward 
to  his  afflicted  family  a  copy  thereof. 

In  pursuance  of  the  above,  it  is 
Resolved,  That  in  the  death  of  our  late  brother-soldier,  Charles 
Chappell,  we  have  lost  a  faithful  comrade,  the  cause  in  which  we  are 
engaged  an  earnest  supporter,  and  the  service  a  young  and  promising 
soldier.  Whatever  may  be  our  loss,  or  that  of  the  army,  in  the  early 
decease  of  our  comrade,  it  "is  our  stern  duty  to  bow  to  the  mandate 
of  an  all-wise  God,  and  in  meek  submission  we  acknowledge  his  right 
to  rule  among  men,  and  feel  that  whatever  he  willeth  is  for  our  tem- 
poral and  permanent  good  and  welfare." 

Resolved,  That  to  the  parents  and  family  of  our  deceased  com- 
rade, we  offer  a  soldier's  heartfelt  consolation  and  sympathy  in  this 
their  hour  of  affliction.  Though  our  own  grief  is  keenly  felt  on  this 
occasion,  it  must  be  as  naught  in  comparison  to  that  of  an  affectionate 
family.  It  is  our  fervent  hope  that  the  trial  may  be  borne  with  resig- 
nation and  fortitude,  and  we  again  ask  them  to  accept  our  heartfelt 
sympathies  in  their  bereavement. 

Resolved,  That  a  copy  of  these  resolutions  be  forwarded  to  the 
family  of  the  deceased. 

Camp  Butterfield,  Hall's  Hill,  Va.,  November  26,  1861. 

Committee — John  G.  Vanderzee,  color-sergeant;  Robert  F.  Mc- 
Cormic,  sergeant  Company  F;  Samuel  W.  Chandler,  corporal  Com- 
pany F;  George  W.  B.  Seely,  private  Company  F. 

John  G.  Vanderzee,  President. 

George  W.  B.  Seeley,  Secretary. 


312      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


LETTER   BY  GARDNER   S.   PARKER. 

Headquarters  44th  Regiment,  N.  Y.  S.  V. 

Camp  Butterfield,  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 

November  28th,  1861. 
To  the  Editor  of  the  Utica  Morning  Herald: 

As  your  paper  is  taken  by  most  of  the  citizens  of  Trenton  and 
vicinity,  I  thought  I  would  write  a  few  lines  to  you  to  let  you  and  my 
friends  know  how  we  are  situated,  and  if  you  feel  inclined  you  can 
publish  them.  We  are  encamped  on  Hall's  Hill,  one  and  one-half  miles 
from  Munson's  Hill,  and  three  miles  from  Fall's  church.  We  arrived 
here  the  28th  of  October,  (just  one  week  from  the  day  we  left  Al- 
bany) about  7 :30  o'clock,  after  a  tedious  march  of  about  ten  hours  and 
eighteen  miles  travel,  and  were  quite  surprised  to  find  that  the  83d  Penn- 
sylvania regiment  had  pitched  our  tents  and  had  a  good  warm  supper 
ready  for  us,  which  we  did  ample  justice  to,  I  assure  you.  We  are  in 
Gen.  Butterfield's  Brigade  and  Porter's  Divfsion.  Our  brigade  is  com- 
posed of  the  New  York  17th  and  44th  regiments,  and  the  Pennsylvania 
83rd,  and  Michigan  i6th  regiments.  We  drill  about  six  hours  a  day, 
so  you  see  we  don't  have  much  time  to  ourselves.  We  have  knap- 
sack drill  from  7  to  8  a.  m. ;  battalion  drill  from  10  to  12;  and  brigade 
drill  from  2  to  5  p.  m.  We  drill  mostly  in  skirmishing,  bayonet  exer- 
cise and  target  shooting.  The  measles  have  broken  out  in  camp,  and 
most  of  the  men  have  had  them.  We  lost  six  men  last  week,  whose 
names  I  here  give :  Company  C,  George  W.  Schermerhorn,  of  Albany 
county,  and  Nathan  A.  Wilson,  of  Salem,  Washington  county;  Com- 
pany D,  Elias  D.  Gardiner,  of  Burlington,  Otsego  county;  Company 
E,  Albert  C.  Belcher,  of  Newark  Valley,  Tioga  county;  Company  F, 
Charles  W.  Chappel,  of  Schuyler  Lake,  Otsego  county;  Company  I, 
John  F.  Hine,  of  Hamburg,  Erie  county. 

Last  week  Wednesday,  our  regiment,  together  with  71,000  more 
troops  were  reviewed  by  General  McClellan  and  President  Lincoln  in 
a  field  of  about  200  acres  near  Bailey's  Cross  Roads.  It  was  the  larg- 
est number  of  troops  ever  reviewed  at  one  time.  There  was  a  perfect 
sea  of  heads  as  far  as  the  eye  could  reach.  From  9  o'clock  a.  m.  till 
I  p.  m.  every  road  leading  to  the  review  ground  was  crowded  as  far 
as  you  could  see.  At  i  o'clock  the  President  and  General  made  their 
appearance  on  the  ground.  They  were  greeted  with  cheers  from  the 
men  as  they  passed,  and  our  band  struck  up  "Hail  to  the  Chief."  A 
salute  from  the  batteries  was  also  fired  as  they  came  upon  the  ground. 

Last  Sunday  General  McClellan  came  to  see  us  parade,  and  when 
we  were  done  he  told  our  Colonel  that  our  regiment  was  the  best 
drilled  and  finest  looking  regiment  he  had  ever  reviewed.  That  was 
something  big  for  the  Commander-in-Chief  of  the  army  to  say,  when 
there  are  so  many  fine  regiments  in  the  field. 

Last  Tuesday  night,  a  messenger  came  into  camp  post-haste,  with 
the  report  that  our  pickets  had  been  attacked  by  the  rebels  and  driven 


CAPTAIX  EUGENE  ARUS  NASH. 

The  suljject  of  this  sketch  was  horn  in  Chautauqua  County.  N.  Y., 
in  1837.  His  family  has  furnished  soldiers  in  all  of  our  national 
wars.  His  brothers.  Clinton  D..  Silas  C.  and  E.  Hart  were  faithful 
soldiers  in  the  Civil  War.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  served  as  Private 
of  Co.  A,  Sergeant  and  2d  Lieutenant  of  Co.  H  and  Captain  of  Co. 
D.  He  was  wounded  in  the  battles  of  Second  Bull  Run  and  Bethesda 
Church  and  was  in  all  the  battles  in  which  his  regiment  was  engaged 
until  w-ounded  the  second  time.  He  was  Acting  Adjutant  of  the  regi- 
ment from  ]\Iay,  1862  until  the  following  October  and  Assistant  In- 
spector-General of  the  Third  Brigade  from  January,  1863,  until  Febru- 
ary, 1864.  He  saved  the  flag  from  capture  at  the  battle  of  Laurel  Hill, 
when  all  the  color-guard  had  been  killed  or  disabled  and  commanded 
the  regiment   during  the  next   ten   days. 

He  was  commissioned  Lieutenant-Colonel  of  the  23d  U.  S.  C.  T. 
but  was  imable  to  muster  on  account  of  wounds.  He  was  graduated 
from  Albion  Academy,  Wis.  and  Alfred  University,  N.  Y.,  taught  one 
year  in  the  former,  received  the  degree  of  A.  B.  and  later  the  degree 
of  A.  M.  from  the  latter.  He  was  also  graduated  from  the  Albany 
Law  School,  received  the  degree  of  L.L.B.,  was  admitted  to  the  bar, 
and  has  practiced  law  since  the  war.  Died  at  Cattaraugus,  N.  Y.,  Jan. 
I,  1911. 


PUBLIC  LiErAR^ 


ASTOR,  LEN^X    .      ' 
TILDEN  FOUNDATIONS^ 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY     313 

in  two  miles.  Five  regiments  were  sent  out,  but  it  was  found  to  be 
the  old  Pennsylvania  3rd  regiment  of  cavalry  that  had  been  attacked, 
about  nine  miles  beyond  our  lines.  They  were  surrounded  by  the  rebels 
and  had  to  cut  their  way  out.  They  lost  15  men,  and  a  sorrier  look- 
ing lot  of  men  you  never  saw  than  they  were  when  they  came  within 
our  lines — some  on  foot — some  on  horseback — some  minus  hats,  coats, 
etc.,  with  their  faces  and  arms  scratched  by  the  bushes.  One  Lieu- 
tenant came  in  the  next  morning  with  his  head  cut  by  a  sabre;  he  had 
lain  out  in  the  woods  all  night.  Our  pickets  were  advanced  one  mile 
yesterday;  they  are  now  about  three  miles  from  Fall's  Church  towards 
Centerville.  We  expect  to  move  on  in  a  few  days,  but  in  what  direc- 
tion we  don't  know;  we  hope  it  is  South  Carolina,  for  it  is  so  cold 
here  that  we  are  willing  to  have  a  little  fighting  just  for  the  sake  of 
getting  into  a  warmer  climate. 

Yours  for  the  country, 

Sergeant  Gardner  S.  Parker, 
Company  D,  44th  Regiment,  N.  Y.  S.  V. 


314      44th   new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 


RESIGNATION  OF   MAJOR  JAMES   McKOWN. 

Headquarters  44th  Regiment,  N.  Y.  S.  V. 

Camp  Butterfield,  Hall's  Hill,  Va., 

January  6,  1862. 
When  it  was  definitely  known  that  the  resignation  of  Major  Mc- 
Kown  had  been  accepted,  last  Saturday  evening,  and  that  it  was  his 
intention  to  leave  for  Albany  in  a  very  few  days,  the  entire  regi- 
ment assembled  around  his  tent  and  gave  him  a  parting  serenade. 
After  the  music  of  the  band  had  ceased  Major  McKown  came  from 
his  tent  and  stated  the  reasons  that  had  induced  him  to  tender  his 
resignation^ — which  reasons  were  personal  and  intimately  connected 
with  the  happiness  of  his  family.  While  every  officer  and  soldier 
deeply  regretted  the  necessity  which  had  caused  him  to  leave  a  posi- 
tion which  he  has  so  well  and  so  honorably  filled,  no^  one  who  listened 
to  the  reasons  for  his  resignation,  which  he  so  eloquently  and  forcibly 
stated,  could  but  admire  the  noble  motives  of  filial  duty  which  induced 
him  to  resign  his  commission.  The  address  of  the  Major,  who  has 
ever  had  the  respect  and  esteem  of  the  entire  regiment,  was  received 
with  great  applause;  yet  the  cheers  were  mingled  with  sadness  and 
regret  at  the  thought  of  his  departure.  After  Major  McKown  had 
retired,  Colonel  Stryker  feelingly  expressed  to  the  regiment  his  deep 
regret  at  the  loss  of  so  valuable  and  experienced  an  officer,  and  was 
followed  by  Colonel  McLean  of  the  83d  Pennsylvania  Regiment,  and 
other  officers,  all  expressing  their  kindest  regard  for  the  Major,  and 
their  sincere  regret  at  the  decision  which  he  had  made.  Subsequently 
a  letter,  signed  by  every  officer  of  the  regiment,  was  presented  to  Major 
McKown,  of  which  the  following  is  a  copy.  The  Major  leaves  for 
Albany  Ho-day,  and  Captain  E.  P.  Chapin,  the  senior  Captain  of  the 
Regiment  will  doubtless  be  appointed  to  fill  the  vacancy  created  by 
Major  McKown's  resignation.  R. 

Headquarters  44th  Regiment  N.  Y.  S.  V., 

Hall's  Hill,  Va.,  Jan.  4,  1862. 
Major  James  McKown  : 

Dear  Sir — We,  the  undersigned  officers  of  the  44th  Regiment  N.  Y. 
S.  v.,  having  learned  with  feelings  of  the  sincerest  regret  that,  for 
private  reasons  intimately  connected  with  the  happiness  and  comfort 
of  your  family,  you  have  decided  to  resign  your  commission  as  Major 
of  this  regiment,  beg  leave  to  express  to  you,  before  your  departure 
from  the  camp,  our  high  appreciation  of  your  character  as  a  faithful 
officer,  a  true  gentleman,  and  a  constant  friend. 

Fully  recognizing  and  appreciating  those  noble  motives  of  patri- 
otism which  induced  you  to  leave  the  peaceful  pursuits  of  home,  and  the 
dearest  relations  and  enjoyments  of  domestic  life,  to  assume  the  re- 
sponsible duties  of  that  position  which  you  have  so  well  and  honorably 
filled,   we  still  more  highly  value  those  motives  of  filial   duty  which 


44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      315 


have  persuaded  you  to  abandon,  the  honor  and  rank  of  your  office,  that 
you  might  the  better  render  protection  and  comfort  to  that  one,  who, 
like  the  Spartan  mother,  has  given  her  every  son  for  the  preservation 
of  her  country.  But,  while  we  so  highly  appreciate  your  motives  which 
induce  you  to  join  your  family,  we  yet  deeply  regret  your  intended 
departure,  since,  as  an  officer,  you  have  been  faithful  to  every  duty, 
as  a  gentleman,  forgetful  of  no  courtesy,  and  as  a  friend,  true  to  every 
obligation.  Be  assured,  sir,  that  when  you  leave  our  camp,  you  leave 
not  one  officer  or  soldier  who  is  not  your  friend,  and  that  you  will 
carry  with  you  the  kindest  wishes  and  sincerest  prayers  of  all  for  your 
prosperity  and  happiness  through  life. 


S.  W.  Stryker,  Col. 
James  C.  Rice,  Lieut.  Col. 
Wm.  Frothingham,  Surgeon. 
E.   B.   Knox,  Adjutant. 
E.  L.  Bissell,  Asst.  Surgeon. 
Fred  R.  Mundy,  Q.  M. 

E.  P.  Chapin,  Capt.  Co.  A. 
G.  M.  Love,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  A. 

B.  K.  Kimberly,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  A. 
W.  H.  Revere,  Capt.  Co.  C. 
Alex.  McRoberts,  ist  Lieut.  Co.  C. 
J.  W.  Anthes,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  C. 

F.  Conner,  Capt.  Co.  D. 

R.  B.  Landon,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  D. 
H.  D.  Burdick,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  D. 
M.  McN.  Walsh,  Capt.  Co.  E. 
B.  R.  Wood,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  E. 
M.  H.  Cole,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  E. 


C.  Allen,  Capt.  Co.  F. 
J.  McMillan,  ist  Lieut.  Co.  F. 
C.  W.  Gibbs,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  F. 
L.  S.  Larrabee,  Capt.  Co.  B. 
H.  Kelley,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  B. 
C.  E.  Royce,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  B. 
W.  N.  Banks,  Capt.  Co.  H. 
C.  A.  Woodworth,  ist  Lieut.  Co.  H. 
E.  A.  Nash,  2d.  Lieut.  Co.  H. 
W.  L.  Vanderlip,  Capt.  Co.  G. 
C.  E.  Pease,  ist  Lieut.  Co.  G. 
C.  R.  Becker,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  G. 
W.  H.  Miller,  Capt.  Co.  K. 
W.  W.  Jones.  1st  Lieut.  Co.  K. 
C.  B.  Gaskill,  2d  Lieut.  Co.  K. 
A.  W.  Schaffer,  Capt.  Co.  L 
E.  L.  Spencer,  ist  Lieut.  Co.  1. 


3i6      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


BATTLE  OF  HANOVER  COURT  HOUSE. 

Correspondence  of  Albany  Evening  Journal. 

Headquarters  Forty-fourth  N.  Y.  V. 
Bivouac,  New  Bridge,  Va.,  June  9,  1862. 

History  will  record  the  engagement  of  the  27th  ult.,  at  Hanover 
Court  House,  in  which  the  Forty-fourth  Volunteers  acted  so  destin- 
guiished  and  gallant  a  part,  as  one  of  the  most  severe  and  brilliant 
contests  of  the  war.  The  enemy's  force,  composed  of  seven  regiments 
of  North  Carolina  and  Virginia  troops,  under  command  of  General 
Branch,  numbered  at  least,  in  the  aggregate,  forty-five  hundred.  Our 
force  consisted  of  the  Forty-fourth  New  York  Volunteers  (450  men), 
Twenty-fifth  New  York  Volunteers  (250  men),  Second  Maine  (310 
men)  and  a  section  of  Martin's  battery  from  Massachusetts.  The  battle 
ground  was  a  circular  field,  bounded  almost  entirely  by  woods. 

The  enemy  was  in  front,  and  in  the  woods,  on  our  right  and  left. 
At  the  enemy's  first  fire,  many  of  the  artillery  horses  were  killed  and 
wounded,  the  gunners  driven  from  the  artillery  and  the  pieces  were 
obliged  to  be  abandoned,  under  the  murderous  fire.  The  Twenty-fifth 
New  York  Volunteers,  which  had  fought  so  gallantly,  and  had  lost 
so  many  officers  and  men  in  a  previous  engagement  during  the  day, 
after  sustaining  the  terrible  fire  of  the  enemy  with  great  firmness  for 
a  few  moments,  was  ordered  to  retire.  The  Second  Maine  and  Forty- 
fourth  New  York  were  now  left  alone  to  wage  this  unequal  contest. 
Again  and  again,  the  enemy  attempted  to  advance  and  charge  on  our 
small  but  gallant  line,  but  in  vain.  The  cross-fire  of  the  enemy  was 
terrible,  but  our  ranks  were  invincible.  The  field  was  covered  with 
our  dead  and  wounded,  yet  to  yield  a  foot  was  annihilation.  It  now 
became  nearly  a  question  of  life  and  death.  To  retreat  would  invite  a 
charge  upon  our  feeble  line  from  the  entire  force  of  the  enemy,  which 
would  have  cut  into  fragments  our  whole  command.  There  was  but 
one  alternative,  to  die  if  need  he,  but  never  to  retreat.  For  nearly  two 
hours  this  terrible  struggle  lasted.  Our  muskets  became  so  heated  by 
rapid  firing,  that  many  of  them  discharged  in  the  act  of  loading,  and 
obliged  ua  to  cool  them  with  water  from  our  canteens.  Our  cart- 
ridges were  fast  being  exhausted,  although  each  man  had  sixty  rounds, 
and  amid  the  flying  storm  of  balls,  we  emptied  the  cartridge  boxes  of 
the  dead  and  dying.  Frequently,  the  enemy  now  attempted  to  advance 
and  charge  upon  us,  but  with  balls  and  defiant  cheers  we  kept  him  at 
bay.  At  length,  our  cartridges  nearly  failed.  No  reinforcements  were 
in  sight.  It  was  a  question  of  death  or  defeat;  and,  preferring  the 
former  to  the  latter,  orders  were  given  to  fix  bayonets  and  prepare  for 
a  charge.  Just  at  this  moment,  reinforcements  broke  through  the  woods 
and  ended  the  contest.  CJod  only  knows  with  what  eager,  anxious, 
grateful  eyes  we  looked  upon  those  advancing  colors,  as  the  different 
regiments  came  to  our  assistance.  The  struggle  had  lasted  nearly  two 
hours.     We  lost  thirty  killed  and  seventy  wounded — over  twenty  per 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY     317 

cent  of  the  entire  force  of  our  regiment  engaged  in  the  action.  The 
enemy's  loss  was  one  hundred  and  seventy  killed  and  four  hundred 
wounded.  Our  flag  was  pierced  with  over  forty  balls.  Torn  and 
tattered,  four  times  it  was  shot  down,  but  willing  patriotic  hands,  now 
cold  in  death,  quickly  raised  it,  and  those  stars  and  stripes  proudly, 
defiantly,  waved  in  the  face  of  the  enemy  till  he  turned  his  back  in 
retreat  upon  them.  The  victory  was  ours.  The  reinforcements  pursued 
the  routed  enemy.  We  tenderly  gathered  up  and  cared  for  the  wounded. 
The  dead  we  collected,  and  fittingly  laid  out  in  the  field,  in  line,  with 
their  faces  looking  toward  the  retreating  foe.  This  last  tender  and 
beautiful  act  towards  the  dead,  rendered  by  their  surviving  comrades, 
had  scarcely  been  performed  when  the  curtain  of  night  fell,  and  the 
fearful,  truthful  tragedy  was  ended.     I  am. 

Respectfully  yours, 

James  C.  Rice,  Lieut.  Col. 


3i8      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


THE  STORY   OF  A  HERO. 

During  the  late  battle  in  which  the  44th  Regiment  participated, 
Samuel  W.  Chandler,  of  this  city,  fell  mortally  wounded  under  the 
following  circumstances : — The  coloir-sergeant,  while  holding  the  flag, 
had  been  shot  through  the  head  and  instantly  killed.  The  flag  was 
then  seized  by  a  man  named  Young,  also  of  this  city.  No  sooner  had 
he  raised  it  than  he  was  shot,  the  ball  severing  his  jugular  vein.  When 
he  fell,  young  Chandler,  who  had  been  wounded  in  the  leg  and  arm, 
and  with  his  wounds  bleeding,  crept  to  the  staff,  and  with  great  effort, 
raised  it  the  third  time.  In  a  moment,  he  was  shot  in  the  breast  and 
also  fell.  After  lingering  a  few  days  in  intense  agony,  death  came  to 
his  relief.  His  last  words  were :  "I  regret  that  I  have  only  one  life 
to  give  to  my  country." 

It  is  impossible  to  conceive  of  an  act  of  nobler  daring  than  that  of 
young  Chandler.  His  two  comrades  lay  dead  at  his  feet.  He  was 
himself  badly  wounded.  The  balls  were  whistling  thick  and  fast  over 
his  head.  Knowing  that  it  was  almost  certain  death  to  attempt  to 
raise  the  flag,  he  did  not  hesitate  a  moment,  preferring  to  die  in  its 
defence.  Young  Chandler  leaves  a  wife  and  two  children  who  were 
dependent  on  him  for  support.  We  understand  that  they  are  in  the 
most  straitened  circumstances.  Would  it  not  be  well  to  testify  our 
respect  for  the  memory  of  this  young  hero  by  seeing  to  it  that  his 
family  do  not  come  to  want? 

[The  above,  dated  June  10,  1862,  is  thought  to  have  been  written  by 
Lieut.  Col.  Rice,  for  the  Albany  Evening  Journal.  Young  Chandler, 
wounded  at  Hanover  Court  House,  Va.,  May  27,  1862,  died  June  3d. 
—Ed.] 


44th  new   YORK    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      319 


APPOINTMENTS   IN  THE  FORTY-FOURTH   NEW   YORK 
REGIMENT. 

It  will  be  seen  by  the  following  special  order  from  Central  Fitz- 
John  Porter  that  several  changes  have  been  made  in  the  list  of  officers 
of  the  Forty-fourth  Regiment  of  this  State.  The  promotion  of  Lieu- 
tenant Colonel  Rice  to  the  Colonelcy  of  the  regiment  is  a  proper  recog- 
nition of  the  gallant  services  of  that  officer: — 

Headquarters  Fifth  Provisional  Corps, 

Camp  near  Harrison's  Landing,  Va., 

July  14,  1862. 
Special  Orders,  No.  75. 

"The  following  named  persons  are  hereby  appointed  to  fill  vacancies 
in  their  several  regiments,  occasioned  by  resignations,  dismissals  and 
losses  in  battle  since  June  26,  1862 : — *     ********** 

"Forty-Fourth  Regiment  N.  Y.  S.  Vols. — Lieutenant  Col.  James  C 
Rice  to  be  Colonel,  vice  Colonel  S.  W.  Stryker,  resigned  July  4,  1862; 
Major  Edward  P.  Chapin  to  be  Lieutenant  Colonel,  vice  Lieutenant 
Col.  James  C.  Rice,  promoted  July  4,  1862;  Captain  Freeman  Connor 
to  be  Major,  vice  Major  Edward  P.  Chapin,  promoted  July  4,  1862; 
First  Lieutenant  Edward  B.  Knox  to  be  Captain,  vice  Captain  Freeman 
Conner,  promoted  July  4,  1862;  Second  Lieutenant  C.  D.  Gaskill  to  be 
First  Lieutenant,  vice  First  Lieutenant  Jones,  died  May  14,  1862;  First 
Sergeant  William  R.  Bourne  to  be  Second  Lieutenant,  vice  Second 
Lieutenant  C.  D.  Gaskill,  promoted  May  14,  1862;  First  Sergeant  James 
H.  Russell  to  be  Second  Lieutenant,  vice  Second  Lieutenant  J.  W. 
Anthes,  promoted  June  i,  1862.     ************* 

"These  promotions  are  made  for  gallant  and  meritorious  conduct 
on  the  field  of  battle,  and  are  subject  to  the  confirmation  of  the  gov- 
ernors of  their  respective  states. 

"By  command  of  Brigadier  General  F.  J.  Porter. 

"Fred.  F.  Locke.  Asst.  Adjt.  Gen. 

"Official : 

"R.  T.  Auchmutty,  A.  A.  G.    (ist  Div.)   Thomas  B.  Hoyt,  A.  A. 
G.   (3d  Brig.)" 
[Above  thought  to  have  appeared  in  the  Albany  Evening  Journal, — Ed.] 


320      44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

LETTER  BY  ACTING  ADJUTANT   NASH. 

Headquarters  Forty-fourth  Reg.  N.  Y.  V. 

Bivouac,  near  Harrison's  Landing,  Va., 

On  the  James  River,  July  i6,  1862. 
Editors  of  the  Evening  Journal: 

The  officers  and  privates  of  this  regiment  desire,  through  the 
columns  of  your  extensively  circulated  paper,  to  call  the  attention  of 
the  friends  of  the  Forty-fourth  Regiment  New  York  Volunteers  to  the 
condition  and  wants  of  the  same.  It  is  now  about  nine  months  since 
this  regiment  left  its  rendezvous  at  Albany  to  join  the  Army  of  the 
Potomac.  Immediately  on  reaching  Washington  it  was  assigned  to 
Butterfield's  brigade.  This  brigade  was  encamped  in  front  of  our 
National  Capitol  during  the  winter.  Here  under  command  of  General 
Butterfield,  it  acquired  the  efficiency  and  discipline  which  have  since 
enabled  it  to  gain  its  worthiest  laurels.  This  brigade  has  been  among 
the  foremost  in  the  advance  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac,  sharing  its 
duties,  its  fortunes  and  its  victories.  Prominent  in  every  action  of  the 
brigade  has  been  the  Forty-fourth,  mingling  the  blood  of  its  officers 
and  men  on  every  field,  and  adding  new  lustre  to  the  arms  of  the 
Empire  State.  This  regiment  has  won  a  reputation  by  its  deeds.  It 
has  bought  a  name  upon  the  battlefield.  The  casualties  of  war  have 
greatly  reduced  its  numbers,  but  it  has  been  an  honorable  reduction. 
Side  by  side  with  the  Forty-fourth  has  been  that  excellent  regiment 
the  Eighty-third  Pennsylvania  Volunteers,  commanded  by  the  late  gal- 
lant Col.  McLean,  composed  of  like  material,  rivals  only  in  high  and 
soldierly  conduct.  There  exists  between  the  two  regiments  a  mutual 
feeling  of  attachment.  At  all  times  placed  under  like  circumstances, 
the  present  condition  of  the  two  regiments  is  similar. 

The  citizens  of  Pennsylvania,  and  especially  the  people  of  Erie, 
have  taken  measures  to  abundantly  supply  the  wanting  members  of  the 
83d  Pennsylvania.  Will  not  the  friends  of  the  44th  and  the  citizens 
of  the  State  of  New  York  generously  increase  its  numbers,  that  it  may 
go  on  side  by  side  With  its  comrades  from  the  old  Keystone  States, 
winning  new  victories  for  our  country  and  our  flag?  Will  not  every 
town  and  ward,  village  and  hamlet  throughout  the  great  State  of  New 
York,  send  one  good  man  from  their  midst  to  fill  up  our  ranks?  Are 
there  not  hundreds  of  young  men  throughout  our  State  willing  to 
make  any  sacrifice  to  preserve  our  country,  when  to  outlive  that 
country's  safety  and  glory  is  worse  than  a  thousand  deaths?  Young 
men  of  New  York,  we  welcome  you  to  our  ranks.  We  ask  you  to  join 
us,  determined  never  to  leave  the  field  until  our  arms  shall  be  crowned 
with  victory,  and  peace  be  restored  throughout  our  whole  land. 

Acting  Adjutant  Nash,  44th  Regiment. 


HIRAH  F.  OLAISTED. 

Born  Lafayette,  Xew  York.  January  22.  18.^6.  Moved  near  Syra- 
cuse ;  later  to  Onondaga  Valley.  Educated  at  Onondaga  Academy, 
graduating  at  State  Normal  School.  Taught  at  Onondaga  Academy, 
Roscoe  (Illinois)  High  School  and  elsewhere;  in  city  engineer's  office, 
Syracuse;  civil  engineering  (railroad  surveys)  in  Illinois,  Wisconsin, 
Minnesota  and  Michigan;  merchandising  in  Michigan  and  New  York; 
in  Secretary  of  State's  Office,  Michigan;  now  over  twenty  years  in 
United  States  Bureau  (formerly  Department  of  Lalior),  Washington. 
Married.  1864,  Helen  Chamherlain  who  died  in  1873.  leaving  twoi  sons 
residing  in  Western  New  York  ;  1876  married  Josephine  Pearson  who 
with  two  daughters   reside  with  him. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      321 

LETTER  BY  SERGT.  WILLETT  TO  PROF.  JEWELL. 

Fifth  Day's  Fight  at  the  Battle  of  Fredericksburg. 
Dear  Sir: 

To-day  I  am  on  my  knapsack  for  a  seat,  on  the  brick  sidewalk  of 
Main  Street,  Fredericksburg.  The  batteries  are  playing  around  us, 
and  the  musketry  occasionally  throws  in  its  voice  to  make  the  din  of 
war  complete. 

The  boys  of  Company  E  crossed  the  Rappahannock  on  Saturday 
at  3  p.m.  We  were  marched  directly  through  the  town,  along  or  near 
the  railroad.  As  we  neared  the  outskirts  of  the  town,  a  destructive 
fire  poured  upon  us.  We  were  ordered  to  lie  down,  so  as  to  get  under 
cover  of  a  small  hill  in  front  of  us.  I  thought,  then,  that  it  was  more 
galling  to  stand  the  enemy's  fire  after  this  fashion  than  to  be  actively 
engaged.  We  lay  in  the  mud,  however,  until  we  were  again  ordered 
forward.  We  advanced  in  line  of  battle  up  quite  a  steep  hill,  march- 
ing directly  to  the  front  of  the  enemy's  fire,  which  was  very  severe, 
volley  after  volley  thundering  forth  at  the  briefest  possible  intervals. 
Many  of  the  44th  fell  wounded,  and  our  Color  Sergeant  was  killed. 
Our  Adjutant  and  Lieutenant  Colonel  were  wounded  in  the  arms.  The 
command  devolved  upon  Major  Knox.  The  brigade  was  at  the  summit 
of  the  hill.  The  order  to  "lie  down"  was  again  given,  and  as  soon 
countermanded ;  and  we  rushed  on,  to  relieve  others  in  front,  who  were 
sheltered  by  a  little  hill  and  were  without  ammunition.  The  13th  New 
Hampshire  broke  under  the  severe  fire,  and  ran  back  a  few  rods  to  the 
left  of  our  regiment,  crowding  our  company  some,  but  the  regiment 
kept  the  line  finely.  We  were  out  from  an  hour  before  sunset  on 
Saturday  till  10  o'clock  p.m.  on  Sunday;  and  we  were  expecting  every 
minute  to  march  into  action. 

I  have  to  hurry  oflf  my  letter,  or  I  shall  fail  to  send  it,  so  excuse 
the  tumble-down  news  that  I  throw  together. 

Two  only  of  the  Normal  School  company  were  hurt :  Geo.  McBlain, 
shot  in  the  leg,  (died  of  his  wounds  Feb.  9,  '63)  and  W.  W.  Munson, 
missing.  Capt.  Kimball  was  hit  by  two  spent  balls,  but  without  result- 
ing in  serious  injury.  Of  the  regiment  only  one  was  killed — the  Color 
Sergeant — and  about  40  were  wounded.* 

We  are  having  a  terrible  battle  here,  but  have  high  hopes  in  the 
Ruler  of  all  things,  that  we  shall  ultimately  succeed. 

I  am  writing  to  you  on  a  blank  leaf  from  an  old  ledger  of  a  rebel 
merchant.  My  sheet  must  remain  unfinished,  as  I  am  to  send  this  by 
a  sergeant  across  the  river  at  once. 

I  remain  as  true  and  firm  in  battle,  as  I  hope  to  be  in  the  battle 
of  life.  Yours,  etc., 

C.    H.    WiLLETT. 

P.  S. — In  my  other  letter,  which  was  lost,  I  mentioned  the  deaths  of 
Albert  Smith  and  Thompson  Barrick.  C.  H.  W. 

(From  "Journal"  of  Dec.  20,  1862.) 
*[The  records  show  that  at  this  battle  the  44th  Reg.  lost  7  killed  and 
died  of  wounds,  35  wounded  and  i  captured.] 


322      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


PICKETING  ON  THE  RAPPAHANNOCK. 

We  make  the  following  extracts  from  a  letter  written  by  a  member 
of  Company  F,  44th  (Ellsworth)   Regiment: 

We  left  our  new  camp  on  the  28th  of  May,  (1863)  and  are  now  at 
Banks'  Ford,  a  very  handsome  place.  Our  brigade  extends  from  Banks' 
Ford  to  Richard's  Ford,  a  distance  of  about  eight  miles.  There  are  four 
regiments  in  this  brigade,  viz :  the  83d  Pennsylvania,  20th  Maine,  i6th 
Michigan,  and  44th  New  York  Volunteers.  When  we  came  here  there 
was  one  company  of  cavalry  doing  picket  which  we  relieved.  Our 
regiment  is  in  two  parts — the  right  wing  at  the  right  of  the  Ford,  and 
the  left  wing  at  or  near  the  centre — and  the  ist  Ohio  battery  of  six 
brass  twelve  pounders — three  guns  with  each  wing. 

The  rebel  pickets  are  on  the  other  side  of  the  river,  and  ours  this 
side.  They  dO'  not  fire  at  each  other.  The  pickets  of  both  sides  go 
in  swimming.  The  rebel  pickets  are  not  permitted  to  converse  with 
us.  All  they  say  is,  if  we  don't  fire,  they  will  not.  To-day  one  iolf 
their  picketsi  was  sitting  with  his  back  turned  toward  us,  and  one  of 
our  boys,  named  Lynch,  swam  over  before  he  was  discovered  by  the 
"reb,"  and  ejaculated,  "Hello,  old  boy,  what  are  you  doing  there?" 
The  fellow;  looked  around  apparently  amazed  at  seeing  a  Union  soldier 
in  the  water,  and  replied,  "Come  over  here  quick."  Lynch  "couldn't 
see  it"  in  that  light,  and  immediately  returned  to  his  companions. 

Another  of  the  boys  swam  across  and  got  a  Richmond  paper,  and 
came  back  to  camp  "safe  and  sound." 

As  I  remarked  before  this  is  the  nicest  place  I  have  ever  seen 
since  leaving  home.  I  write  this  letter  in  an  old  house — or,  at  least, 
made  old  by  the  soldiers.  It  is  pretty  well  gone  to  ruin.  But  I  don't 
think  we  can  enjoy  the  pleasure  of  stopping  here  much  longer,  as, 
while  I  am  writing,  it  is  intimated  by  the  "knowing  ones"  that  we  have 
received  orders  to  move.  If»we  stay,  I  shall  endeavor  to  give  you  a 
better  idea  of  the  place  in  my  next.  H.  B. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      323 


LETTER  BY  E.  L.   HARRIS. 

Bivouac  of  44th  Reg't,  N.  Y.  Vols., 

Kelly's  Ford,  Rappahannock  River, 

June  6.  1863. 
To  THE  Editor  of  the  Springville  Herald  : 

I  herewith  send  you  a  photograph  of  the  old  flag  of  the  Forty- 
fourth  Regiment  which  has  obtained  some  celebrity  through  the  news- 
papers. The  people  of  Springville  have  a  heritage  in  this  flag,  for 
Springville  valor  has  sustained  it  in  all  the  trying  scenes  through  which 
it  has  passed,  and  its  glory  has  been  purchased  with  the  blood  of  her 
truest  and  noblest  sons.  The  names  of  Myers,  Walker,  and  Hammond 
should  be  held  in  lasting  remembrance  as  long  as  valor  and  country 
are  cherished  among  men.  These  young  men  yielded  up  their  lives  to 
vindicate  the  honor  of  this  flag,  and  maintain  the  integrity  of  the 
Union;  and  their  names  should  not  be  allowed  to  sink  into  oblivion. 
Deeds  of  valor  and  heroism  should  be  regarded  among  the  choicest 
treasures  of  a  free  people,  and  every  town  should  see  to  it,  that  the 
sacrifices  and  achievements  of  her  sons  are  not  forgotten,  but  treasured 
up  in  grateful  hearts,  and  transmitted  as  a  priceless  legacy  to  future 
generations. 

Mr.  Editor,  will  you  put  this  photograph  in  a  frame  and  hang  it 
up  in  your  office,  and  let  it  commemorate  the  heroic  deeds  of  *Jerome 
Myers,  who  fought  at  Yorktown,  Hanover  and  Gaines  Mill,  and  who 
fell  with  his  face  to  the  foe  on  the  bloody  field  of  Malvern ;  and  let  it 
speak  also  of  the  indomitable  courage  and  heroic  endurance  of  *Eugene 
Walker,  and  *Henry  Hammond,  who  followed  it  all  through  the  Penin- 
sular campaign,  and  at  last  fell,  amid  gloom  and  defeat,  on  the 
sanguinary  plains  of  Manassas.  And  if  there  be  any  among  you  who 
are  praying  and  striving  for  an  inglorious  peace  let  this  tattered  banner 
appeal  to  what  honor  and  manhood  there  is  left  in  them,  and  say 
whether  the  blood  of  our  martyred  heroes  shall  have  been  shed  in  vain. 

Let  it  be  known  that  every  man  from  the  town  of  Concord  in  the 
Ellsworth  Regiment,  without  an  exception,  has  followed  the  fortunes 
of  this  flag  without  a  murmur  of  discontent,  and  they  are  entitled  to 
no  small  share  of  its  glory.  There  are  but  two  of  them  with  us  now, 
Spaulding  and  Steams,  tried  veterans,  than  whom  none  braver  or  truer 
ever  carried  a  musket. 

The  health  of  the  army,  so  far  as  I  am  able  to  learn,  is  excellent, 
and  their  spirits  undaunted,  not  over  anxious,  but  always  ready  for  a 
fight.  Yours  for  the  war, 

E.  L.  Harris, 
44th  N.  Y.  V. 
♦[Jerome  Myers,  k.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Eugene  Walker,  k. 
in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton.    Henry  E.  Hammond  of  Co.  A,  w.  in  ac. 
at  Groveton,  Aug.  30,  '62,  and  died  of  his  wounds  Sept.  13,  '62.] 


324      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


LETTER  BY  CAPTAIN  KIMBERLY. 

On  the  Battle  Field,  near 

Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  4,  1863. 
Editors  of  Buffalo  Morning  Express  : 

Knowing  that  a  brief  account  of  our  summer  campaign  (thus  far) 
would  be  interesting  to  most  of  your  readers,  I  send  you  this.  Our  regi- 
ment broke  up  camp  near  Falmouth,  Va.,  May  28th,  and  moved  up 
the  Rappahannock  to  Banks'  Ford,  where  we  did  picket  duty  seven 
days.  We  then  moved  to  Kemper's  Ford,  halting  at  Crittenden's  Mills 
a  day  or  two,  and  doing  picket  duty  on  our  front  and  rear.  On  the 
13th  of  June  we  left  Kemper's  Ford  and  moved  to  Morrisville  where 
we  joined  our  Corps,  and  thence,  via  Catlett's  and  Bristow  Stations, 
to  Manassas  Junction.  On  the  17th  we  moved  across  Bull  Run,  passed 
to  the  north  of  Centreville  and  halted  at  Gum  Springs,  having  marched 
21  miles  during  one  of  the  hottest  days  of  the  season.  Thence,  on  the 
igth,  to  Aldie  Gap.  Here,  after  resting  a  day,  we  moved  to  Middle- 
burg,  supporting  Pleasanton's  Cavalry,  and  driving  Stuart  from  his 
position,  across  Loudon  Valley  to  Ashby's  Gap,  our  Brigade  being 
actively  engaged  skirmishing  the  whole  distance.  Our  regiment  lost 
but  two  men.  Returned  to  Aldie  the  next  day.  Left  Aldie  on  the  26th, 
passed  through  Leesburg,  crossed  the  Potomac  at  Edward's  Ferry,  and 
halted  near  Poolesville,  Md.  Thence,  next  day,  to  Frederick.  Left 
Frederick  on  the  29th  and  moved  to  Liberty.  June  30th,  marched  to 
Union  Mills,  via  Johnsville,  Union  Bridge,  Union  Town,  Frizellburgh, 
and  Devilbiss'  Mills.  Started  about  noon,  July  ist,  halted  at  Hanover, 
Pa.,  took  a  hasty  cup  of  coffee  and  resumed  our  march,  moving  toward 
Gettysburg  (our  advance  being  already  engaged).  The  people  turned 
out  en  masse,  cheering  us  on  and  offering  us  food  and  water.  After 
marching  nearly  all  night  we  arrived  on  the  field  of  action  and  posi- 
tion (July  2d,  3  p.  m.)  on  a  rocky  knoll,  our  Corps  being  the  extreme 
left  of  our  line.  The  enemy  made  desperate  attempts  to  dislodge  us, 
but  were  repulsed  with  fearful  loss,  leaving  us  in  possession  of  the 
field  and  of  many  prisoners  and  small  arms.  Our  regiment  lost  ill 
killed  and  wounded.  Company  A,  out  of  40  men,  lost  4  killed,  10 
seriously  wounded,  8  slightly  wounded.  Yesterday  we  changed  position, 
and,  being  in  reserve,  were  not  engaged.  To-day  it  is  evident  we  have 
driven  the  enemy.    Everything  looks  favorable. 

Complete  list  of  killed  and  wounded  in  Company  A.  Killed : — 
Corporal  Joseph  Kraft;  Privates — Chester  Smith,  John  Look,  John 
Simons.  Wounded: — Sergeant  James  B.  Stormes,  wrist;  Sergeant 
Allen  J.  Hurd,  neck,  badly ;  Corp.  Wm.  G.  Cunningham,  head  and  arm ; 
Corp.  Henry  C.  Kendall,  eye,  slight;  Privates — Robt.  C.  Burns,  thigh; 
Ferdinand  Bennett,  back;  Lewis  G.  Ferrand,  face;  John  Steele,  thigh; 
Henry  Brehle,  slight;  Joseph  Hannagan,  leg;  Thomas  Hunt,  leg  (since 
amputated  and  is  doing  well);  Jacob  Wagner,  slight;   William  Day, 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY     325 

slight;  Sherwood  A.  Cheeseman,  slight,  in  foot;  Sergt.  E.  L.  Harris, 
Privates  Geo.  D.  Conger,  Henry  White  (the  last  three  very  slight, 
not  disabled  for  active  duty). 

After   the    engagement   every   man   of   my   company   secured   and 
brought  a  rebel  musket  from  the  field. 

B.  K.  KiMBERLY,  Capt.  Co.  A.,  44th  N.  Y.  V. 


326      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


LETTER  BY  A  MEMBER  OF  COMPANY  A. 

Middletown,  Md., 

July  8,  1863. 
My  Friends  at  Home  : 

We  came  into  this  town  this  morning,  having  had  a  very  hard 
march  in  the  mud  and  rain.  Most  of  the  army  is  encamped  near  here. 
We  are  within  eight  miles  of  the  old  Antietam  battle  ground.  It  is 
now  3  p.  m.  Whether  we  shall  move  before  morning  I  cannot  tell.  We 
have  just  received  the  news  of  the  fall  of  Vicksburg.  This  morning 
we  received  another  mail ;  I  got  for  my  share  six  letters  and  about  as 
many  papers.  I  assure  you,  I  was  glad  to  hear  from  home.  I  have 
read  each  letter  over  a  half  dozen  times.  The  latest  was  June  30th. 
This  as  the  second  mail  we  have  had  since  we  left  the  Rappahannock. 
I  wrote  you  immediately  after  the  battle  of  Gettysburg.  This  campaign 
has  been  a  hard  one  so  far,  but  I  stand  it  first-rate.  The  day  before 
the  battle,  we  marched  from  8  o'clock  in  the  morning  until  twelve  at 
night,  moved  again  at  three  in  the  morning,  July  2d,  marched  four 
miles  to  Che  battlefield,  maneuvered  around  until  4  p.  m.,  when  the 
rebels  advanced,  and  from  that  time  until  dark  we  had  hot  work.  Our 
Corps  was  on  the  left  of  the  center,  where  the  rebel  Longstreet  tried 
to  break  through  and  turn  our  lines.  Our  brigade  lay  on  the  side  hill. 
It  was  covered  with  large  stones.  We  threw  up  a  small  breast-work 
to  protect  us.  I  was  where  I  could  see  nearly  one  half  the  field.  At 
our  right  there  were  several  battle  fields.  I  could  see  the  two  armies 
advance.  The  lines  would  sway  to  and  fro.  The  second  and  third 
Corps  were  in  these  fields.  The  rebels  drove  our  men  across  these) 
fields  twice ;  our  men  would  fall  back,  re-form,  and  then  advance  again. 
The  second  time  our  boys  advanced,  they  held  the  field.  Firing  ceased 
about  8  p.  m.,  and  then  we  went  to  work  caring  for  our  wounded. 
Our  regiment  lost  very  heavily;  iii  out  of  300.  Our  company  lost 
more  than  any  other  company  in  the  regiment,  22  out  of  40,  had  5 
killed.  Each  company  cared  for  their  wounded.  Knowlton  (Co.  A.), 
from  Forestville,  was  badly  wounded  in  the  knee.  I  helped  carry  him 
off  from  the  field.  The  last  I  heard  from  him,  he  was  doing  well.  Both 
of  my  tent-mates  were  wounded.  After  we  had  carried  our  wounded 
off  from  the  field,  we  then  buried  our  dead.  Three  boys  from  ouil 
company  together  with  myself,  carried  four  of  our  dead  comrades 
back.  It  seemed  hard,  I  tell  you.  They  had  stood  right  up  beside  us, 
in  the  ranks  all  through  everything  until  now. 

About  II  o'clock  that  night,  our  company  went  down  to  the  front 
on  picket.  Our  lines  were  in  the  woods  from  where  the  rebels  had 
advanced  on  us.  Their  dead  and  wounded  lay  in  every  direction,  the 
wounded  calling  for  water.  Not  twelve  feet  from  my  post  lay  three 
wounded,  and  two  dead  rebels.  One  of  the  wounded  died  while  I  was 
on  my  post.  I  did  all  I  could  for  him,  gave  him  some  water  from  my 
canteen.     The  other  two  I  made  as  comfortable  as  I  could,  wet  their 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      327 

wounds  and  covered  them  up  with  a  blanket.  They  were  not  very 
badly  wounded,  having  been  shot  in  the  legs  so  that  they  could  not 
walk.  I  had  a  long  talk  with  them.  They  told  me  that  they  belonged 
to  the  Texas  brigade,  Hood's  division,  Longstreet's  corps,  and  that  they 
had  never  been  repulsed  before.  They  were  large  and  noble-looking 
men.  They  were  the  same  brigade  that  advanced  upon  us  at  Gaines 
Mills,  on  the  Chickahominy,  one  year  ago.  After  a  while  one  of  them 
fell  asleep.  I  tell  you,  that  was  the  most  lonesome  picket  duty  I  ever 
did.  I  got  from  the  one  that  died  while  I  was  on  my  post,  a  body* 
belt  and  a  spoon  with  his  name  marked  on  it.  I  shall  try  and  send 
them  home. 

The  next  day,  the  3d,  there  was  the  heaviest  cannonading  I  ever 
heard.  On  the  morning  of  the  4th,  I  went  over  the  battle  field,  and 
such  sights  I  never  saw  before,  and  never  wish  to  again.  In  places 
our  dead  and  theirs  lay  side  by  side.  Dead  artillery  horses  and  broken 
artillery  lay  in  every  direction.  In  one  place  I  saw  six  artillery  horses 
all  harnessed  and  hitched  to  a  limber.  They  had  all  been  killed  by 
a  shell,  and  lay  in  their  harness  just  where  they  stood.  Our  loss  must 
be  very  heavy. 

The  battle  of  Gettysburg  belongs  to  the  rank  and  file  of  the  army 
of  the  Potomac.  The  battle  was  not  won  by  any  superior  handling 
of  the  troops;  after  our  lines  were  once  formed,  they  stood  so.  It 
was  by  the  stubborn  bravery  of  the  men  that  the  battle  was  won  for  us. 
I  never  saw  the  troops  behave  better.  There  was  no  skedadling  to  the 
rear;  every  man  did  his  duty,  and  when  our  men  did  fall  back,  it  was 
done  in  order.  On  the  morning  of  the  sth,  our  brigade  advanced  over 
the  field,  but  found  no  enemy.  The  six  Corps  were  ordered  forward, 
and  we  joined  our  division  and  moved  in  this  direction.  Last  night 
we  encamped  near  Emmetsburg.  Gen.  Sykes  commanded  our  Corps 
(the  5th),  Gen.  Griffin  our  division  (the  ist),  and  our  Colonel  (Rice) 
our  brigade. 

Col.  Vincent,  who  has  commanded  our  brigade  for  the  last  three 
months,  was  badly  wounded  at  Gettysburg.  I  have  since  heard  that  he 
was  dead.  We  have  three  divisions  in  our  Corps:  the  1st,  ours;  the 
2nd,  a  division  of  regulars ;  and  the  3d,  the  Pennsylvania  Corps,  that 
Gen.  Meade  used  to  command.  I  must  be  closing,  as  it  is  nearly  time 
for  me  to  be  getting  my  supper.  I  shall  have  fresh  beef,  hard  bread 
and  coffee  for  my  supper.     Write  often.  Good-bye, 

Henry. 

[Above  appeared  in  the  Dunkirk  Union  in  its  issue  of  Aug.  5,  1863. 
—Ed.] 


328      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


WILLIAM    NELSON   NORRIS. 

A  son  of  Joshua  and  Samantha  Norris,  of  Barrington,  in  this 
county  (Yates),  died  in  hospital  in  Gettysburg,  Pa.,  July  22,  1863,  from 
the  effects  of  wounds  received  in  the  battle  at  that  place. 

Nelson,  as  he  was  familiarly  called,  was  a  retired,  sedate  and 
peaceable  young  man,  and  was  but  little  known  out  of  the  domestic 
circle  in  which  he  moved.  In  1862,  he  was  induced  to  enlist  at  the 
call  of  the  President  and  enrolled  his  name  among  the  defenders  of 
his  country's  rights,  in  a  company  of  men  raised  in  this  county  under 
command  of  Capt.  Bennett  Hunger  of  Penn  Yan.  This  company  was 
subsequently  attached  to  the  44th  regiment  N.  Y.  V.  and  was  soon  sent 
to  Virginia.  Here  Nelson  remained  and  participated  in  the  action  at 
Fredericksburg  under  Burnside.  During  a  part  of  the  winter  follow- 
ing, he  was  confined  to  the  hospital  by  sickness.  He  recovered,  how- 
ever, in  time  to  bear  his  share  of  duty  in  the  action  of  the  army  of  the 
Potomac  under  Hooker,  and  then  marched  with  Meade  to  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  took  part  in  the  action  of  Gettysburg.  Here  he  was  shot 
through  the  leg  on  the  2d  of  July,  and  subsequently  suffered  amputa- 
tion above  the  knee  of  the  right  leg.  Under  date  of  July  14th,  he 
wrote  to  his  mother,  acquainting  her  with  his  situation,  and  seems 
to  have  been  cheerful.  On  the  i6th,  he  wrote  again,  saying,  "he  was  in 
good  spirits,  had  good  attendance  and  was  doing  well."  Time  rolled 
on  with  no  tidings,  finally  a  letter  was  received  by  the  anxious  ones  at 
home,  dated  Philadelphia,  July  28th,  from  Mr.  George  Bringhurst,  who 
had  been  his  nurse,  conveying  the  melancholy  intelligence  that  Nelson 
had  died  on  the  22nd  inst.,  in  peaceful  resignation  to  his  lot,  and  did 
not  regret  his  fate. 

His  comrades  in  the  army,  we  learn  by  a  letter  to  us,  received  news 
of  his  demise  with  sorrowful  feelings.  He  had  endeared  himself  to 
them.  His  officers  give  him  the  reputation  of  a  good,  faithful,  and 
trusty  soldier.  Here  is  another  life  offered  up  on  the  altar  of  human 
rights.  His  age  was  27  years.  He  was  unmarried,  but  leaves  a  large 
circle  of  relatives  in  this  region  to  mourn  the  sad  cause  that  called  him 
from  his  home  and  consigned  him  to  the  time  honored  grave  of  a  sol- 
dier. 

He  rests  in  peace,  and  his  humble  name  will  be  handed  to  posterity 
as  one  of  the  martyrs  who  fell  a  victim  to  the  horrid  and  unnecessary 
war  which  has  been  forced  upon  this  once  happy  country,  by  a  rascally 
set  of  blacklegging,  thieving  politicians,  who  have  been  the  cause  of  all 
the  unnecessary  bloodshed  and  sorrow  which  has  spread  so  much  gloom 
over  the  land.  But  these  young  men  have  died  in  a  good  cause.  Let 
us  cherish  their  memory. 


SAAIUML    J.    POWELL. 

The  subject  of  this  sketch  joined  Company  C  of  the  44th  N.  Y. 
V.  I.  in  Aug.,  1862  and  was  soon  afterwards  appointed  Sergeant. 
He  had  command  of  his  Company  when  it  was  stationed  at  Alexandria, 
Va.,  the  winter  after  the  Battle  of  Rappahannock  Station,  in  which 
battle  he  was  engaged.  While  in  front  of  Petersburg  he  was  detached 
to  I\Iajor  Jacklin's  Company  of  sharp-shooters  and,  while  so  detached 
was  transferred  to  Company  D,  140th  N.  Y.  V.  L 

Sergeant  Powell  relates  that  in  April.  1865,  Sergeant  Ackley 
and  himself  by  a  short  cut  across  the  country  found  themselves  where 
the  cavalry  were  retreating  before  the  Confederate  infantry;  so  that 
they  turned  their  heels  to  the  enemy  and  soon  saw  the  Corps  flag 
emerge  from  the  woods  and  the  15th  N.  Y.  Heavy  Art,  were  formed 
in  line  and  they  went  in  with  them ;  soon  the  firing  ceased  and  word 
came  down  the  line  "Lee  has  surrendered."  You  that  were  there 
know  the  rest. 

Shortly  after  he  was  transferred  to  the  5th  N.  Y.  Veteran  Inf.,  and 
after  the  Grand  Review  in  Washington,  which  he  viewed  from  the 
Virginia  side  of  the  Potomac,  he  was  sent  to  Hart's  Island,  New  York 
Harbor  and  discharged. 

Served  eight  years  as  Sheriff  and  Deputy  in  Ottawa  Co.,  Kansas ; 
also  one  term  as  Police  Judge  of  the  City  of  Minneapolis.  Kansas,  and 
is  to-dav  a  farmer. 


THE  NEW  YORK^    i 
PUBLIC  LIEi- AR7  ^ 

ASTOR,  LENOX  I 

.■nTT_r;~N  rGTJMDATTON?^  ? 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      329 


LETTER  FROM  GEO.   H.   SPRY. 

Camp  near  Warrenton,  Va., 

Tuesday,  July  28th,  1863. 

When  the  Pennsylvania  Reserve  Corps  crossed  the  Pennsylvania 
line  the  troops  were  halted  and  eloquently  addressed  by  some  patriotic 
speaker,  and  that  night  I  passed  them  on  the  way  to  Hanover  and 
they  were  all  singing  or  whistling.  At  Gettysburg  many  of  the  Penn- 
sylvania troops  fought  on  their  own  farms — in  sight  of  their  fathers' 
houses;  some  fell  there — their  blood  mingling  with  soil  they  had  tilled 
in  their  youth.  One  boy  fifteen  years  old,  from  near  Gettysburg,  went 
into  the  fight  with  his  target  rifle  and  fought  until  he  was  killed.  Such 
heroism  puts  to  shame  the  cowardly  conduct  of  men,  who  at  home  are 
resisting  or  evading  the  draft. 

Now,  when  our  successes  foreshadow  immediate  peace  honorably 
made,  every  man  should  stand  firm  by  the  government  and,  if  needs 
be,  come  down  and  share  with  our  country's  defenders  their  perils 
and  privations  and  their  immortal  honor.  The  riots  in  New  York  City 
and  State,  are  a  disgrace  which  will  yet  be  remembered  with  burning 
shame.  Blank  cartridges  should  have  been  used  after  bullets,  grape, 
and  cannister  had  done  their  work  and  taught  the  rioters  their  just 
punishment  and  shown  the  danger  of  resisting  the  law.  I  hope  that 
henceforth  the  draft  will  meet  with  no  opposition,  but  if  it  does,  I  wish 
that  the  44th  might  be  summoned  to  enforce  it.  I  know  how  well  'twould 
do  its  duty.  It  would  use  no  blank  cartridges.  Every  regiment  in  the 
army  is  anxious  to  see  some  of  the  "home-guards"  in  the  field,  and 
every  one  of  them  would  rejoice  at  the  chance  of  quelling  the  riots  at 
home  and  enforcing  the  conscription  law  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet. 

I  believe,  however,  that  after  a  few  timely  lessons  to  the  conscript 
opposers  there  will  be  no  difficulty,  and  that  soon  our  decimated  regi- 
ments may  be  filled  to  their  maximum  number  and  our  foreshadowed 
victories  hastened  so  the  "olive  branch"  will  supersede  the  sword,  and 
the  glorious  "Stars  and  Stripes"  brighter,  purer  and  prouder  than  ever 
continue  to  float 

"O'er  the  land  of  the  free 
And  the  home  of  the  brave." 

God  is  on  our  side  and  sooner  or  later  we  shall  triumph. 

I  learned  with  pain  of  the  death  of  Col.  E.  B.  Smith.  Our  county 
begins  to  feel  its  loss  in  its  heroes  who  have  honorably  fallen.  May 
their  memory  and  good  deeds  be  so  cherished  by  the  people  of  Chen- 
ango that  the  prestige  she  has  already  won  shall  not  be  lost  by  any  dis- 
graceful resistance  of  the  draft  or  any  cessation  of  her  laudable  sup- 
port of  soldiers  now  representing  her  in  the  field. 

There  are  but  few  Norwich  boys  left  in  the  44th.  Billy  Lamb  is 
in  Fairfax  Seminary  Hospital,  at  Alexandria.  Henry  Dickson  is  in  the 
Invalid  Corps.     Bill  Lane  is  at  Annapolis  in  the  Dispensary.     Henry 


330      44  th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

Todd  was  wounded  at  Gettysburg — not  dangerously — and  is  in  some 
hospital.  I  know  not  what  one.  Gideon  Evans,  P.  S.  Frink,  Jeff  Carr, 
George,  James  and  myself  still  flourish.  Everything  looks  more  en- 
couraging than  ever  before  since  the  commencement  of  the  war.  Al- 
ready the  curtain  of  peace  has  commenced  dropping  on  this  scene  of 
carnage  and  its  golden  fingers  shine  brighter  than  ever.  In  the  army 
we  are  joyous,  and  sanguine  of  the  speedy  termination  of  the  war,  for 
we  see  ultimate  victory  close  at  hand.  The  rebellion  is  in  its  death 
throes  and  soon  its  epitaph  will  be  written  in  letters  of  blood  amongst 
the  records  of  nations'  crimes  and  follies.  I  should  be  glad  to  hear 
from  you  often,  though  I  know  my  letters  hardly  interest  you  or  re- 
compense you  for  your  time  and  trouble.  G.  H.  S. 

[Above  thought  to  have  been  published  in  Utica  Morning  Her- 
ald.—Ed.] 


44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      331 


A   TRIP   INTO   REBELDOM. 

Peter  Schaffer,  of  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.,  from  this  village,  who  was 
reported  as  missing  after  the  battle  of  Gettysburg  finally  turns  up  at 
Annapolis,  Md.,  whence  he  writes  under  date  of  August  4th,  to  friends 
here  who  permit  us  to  extract  as  follows : 

The  44th  reached  Hanover  on  the  ist  day  of  July.  We  thefti 
marched  all  night  and  reached  Gettysburg  on  the  next  day.  They  let 
us  rest  about  three  hours  and  then  we  went  into  the  fight.  This  was 
about  four  o'clock  and  I  was  taken  prisoner  about  half  past  five. 
Company  B  was  out  skirmishing  and  when  I  was  taken  the  rebels 
flanked  us  and  got  in  the  rear  of  us. 

The  rebels  kept  us  until  the  5th  of  July  and  then  started  us  for 
Stanton,  a  distance  of  190  miles.  This  was  indeed  a  hard  and  most 
tedious  journey,  abounding  in  incidents  and  privations  which  I  have 
not  time  to  relate  now.  They  gave  us  a  pint  of  flour  and  a  half  pound 
of  fresh  meat  for  three  days'  rations.  I  verily  came  "within  one"  of 
starving  to  death.  We  went  from  Stanton  to  Richmond  in  the  cars 
130  miles — reached  Richmond  on  the  22nd  of  July.  We  were  there 
put  on  Belle  Island  and  received  a  pint  of  bean  soup  and  a  small  piece 
of  bread  at  night — the  soup  would  sometimes  have  as  many  as  nine  or 
ten  beans  in  it.  In  the  morning  we  would  get  a  small  piece  of  bread. 
I  never  was  so  hungry  before  in  my  life ;  I  thought  of  your  well-filled 
table  a  good  many  times  while  I  was  a  prisoner. 

On  the  first  day  of  August  we  started  for  City  Point.  After  we 
got  aboard  the  vessel  we  found  plenty  to  eat.  We  arrived  at  this 
place  (Annapolis)  yesterday,  the  third,  having  been  paroled. 


332      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 


LETTER   BY  M.  H.  BLISS. 

Camp  at  Beverly  Ford,  Va., 

August  15th,  1863. 
Friend  Stebbins: 

At  length  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  appears  to  have  settled  down 
for  a  season  of  rest.  For  an  entire  week  we  have  been  permitted  to 
remain  in  one  camp.  We  have  been  so  constantly  on  the  move  for  two 
months  past  that  it  seems  odd  enough  to  be  quiet  even  for  that  length 
of  time.  It  does  not  come  unacceptably,  however.  Although  in  good 
spirits  and  willing  to  continue  marching,  we  were  nearly  worn  out. 
Our  sleek  and  fleshy  bodies  and  limbs  of  last  spring  had  become  lank 
and  lean.  Perhaps  we  had  developed  a  larger  quantity  of  muscle,  but 
the  fat  had  somehow  disappeared.  Bread  may  be  the  staff  of  lifev 
but  when  it  comes  in  the  shape  of  hard  tack  for  a  couple  of  months  or 
so,  the  staff  may  possibly  begin  to  fail  of  doing  what  is  required.  We 
are  now  drawing  soft  bread  and  otherwise,  full  rations.  The  effect  is 
almost  marvelous.  The  wearisome,  careworn  look  is  succeeded  by 
cheerful,  gladsome  smiles,  and  we  are  becoming  like  ourselves  again. 
By  the  time  our  reinforcements  arrive,  the  army  will  be  ready  to  com- 
mence another  campaign  with  all  the  vigor  and  energy  needful  to  make 
it  a  successful  one.  The  glorious  news  from  the  South  and  Southwest, 
not  only  gladdens  our  hearts,  but  makes  us  more  anxious  if  possible 
to  do  sometliing  that  will  make  us  not  ashamed  of  the  "Army  of  the 
Potomac."  I  believe  the  army  was  never  as  ready  and  anxious  to  be 
at  work  against  the  enemy  as  now.  Somehow,  we  have  got  the  idea, 
that  when  the  army  under  Lee  is  conquered,  the  war  will  soon  be  over. 
That  we  consider  our  mission  and  are  confident  of  accomplishing  it. 
But  while  we  expect  to  see  the  Rebel  Army  beaten,  we  do  not  expect 
to  see  it  done  by  our  army  now  in  the  field  alone.  The  conscripts  are 
looked  for  anxiously,  and  woe  be  unto  that  man  or  party  that  strives 
to  hinder  the  draft.  To  us,  it  is  a  matter  of  the  deepest  interest.  For 
months,  and  for  many  of  us,  I  might  say,  years,  we  have  endured  suf- 
ferings and  privations ;  we  have  toiled  and  marched  under  the  scorching 
sun  or  the  falling  rain,  amidst  the  suffocating  dust  or  through  mud  and 
mire,  have  passed  the  chilly  nights  with  the  heavens  for  our  covering, 
and  mayhap  standing  the  weary  hours  in  the  trenches  or  on  picket, 
have  faced  death  from  shot  and  shell  in  the  battle  field,  have  seen  our 
friends  and  companions  fall  by  our  side  and  have  laid  them  in  their 
gory  graves;  we  have  done  this  till  our  ranks  are  thin  and  our  armies 
decimated.  And  now  when  we  find  ourselves  just  ready  to  reap  the  re- 
wards of  our  labor,  and  call  for  help  to  aid  us  in  doing  it,  is  it  a 
wonder,  that  when  we  see  bold  copperheads  and  sneaking  party  politi- 
cians uniting  against  our  call,  is  it  a  wonder,  I  say,  that  our  feelings 
are  aroused  and  that  we  swear  vengeance  for  it?  A  day  of  reckoning 
and  of  retribution  will  surely  come.  We  shall  cease  to  be  soldiers  by 
and  by,  and  as  citizens  no  veto  can  deprive  us  of  voting.     Could  some 


44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      333 

of  the  secessionists  of  the  North,  either  copperheads  or  snakes,  have 
been  in  our  camps  when  we  heard  of  the  New  York  riots,  their  das- 
tardly hearts  would  have  failed  them  at  the  threats  they  would  have 
heard.  The  general  wish  of  everyone  was  that  their  regiment  had  been 
there.  No  blank  cartridges  would  have  been  used.  We  have  learned 
the  utility  of  hard  bullets  and  the  bayonet.  One  thing  is  certain,  how^ 
ever  "unpopular"  the  draft  may  be  in  the  North,  it  is  very  popular 
here  and  whoever  opposes  it  may  be  certain  of  the  lasting  opposition 
of  the  soldier.  I  fancy  our  vote  may  possibly  turn  the  scale  in  the  bal- 
ance between  the  parties  in  the  next  presidential  election.  Let  politi- 
cians take  heed  and  beware. 

We  are  now  encamped  at  Beverly's  Ford  on  the  Rappahannock, 
three  miles  above  the  crossing  of  the  Orange  and  Alexandria  railroad. 
Our  pickets  are  along  the  banks  of  the  river.  Occasionally  a  scouting 
party  crosses  and  moves  out  toward  Culpeper,  but  does  not  find  the 
enemy  in  force.  Everything  is  as  quiet  as  at  Falmouth  last  winter  or 
at  Hall's  Hill  the  winter  before.  We  have  a  pleasant  camping  ground, 
plenty  of  excellent  water,  and,  on  the  whole,  think  we  shall  be  able  to 
pass  the  time  pleasantly  till  the  fall  campaign  commences. 

Truly  yours,  M.  H.  B. 


334      4^TH  NEW   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

LETTER   BY  JOHN   E.    STEWART. 

Near  Bealeton,  Va., 

Aug.  15,  1863. 
Friend  E.: 

This  has  been  rather  an  eventful  day  in  the  3d  Brigade — cause  why, 
we  have  drawn  soft  bread,  truly  in  our  quiet  domestic  lives,  an  event  of 
interest.  Think  of  it,  ye  dwellers  in  houses,  and  partakers  of  the  "fat 
of  the  land"  so  small  a  thing  as  a  loaf  of  dry  bread  causes  the  mouths 
of  an  army  to  water  and  their  hearts  to  overflow  with  thankfulness. 
It  is  also  rumored  that  we  are  each  to  receive  a  piece  of  dried  apple — 
but  that  is  too  good  to  believe. 

During  the  campaign  just  closed,  it  required  much  hard  work  to 
eke  out  our  scanty  rations,  and  several  times  we  went  to  bed  supper- 
less.  To  our  shame  be  it  said,  that  our  anxiety  to  bag  the  Rebel  Army 
was  equally  divided  with  our  fears  that  the  supply  train  would  fail  to 
come  up  on  time — and  we  thereby  "lose  our  bacon."  We  scoured  the 
Blue  Ridge  Mountains,  in  Manassas  Cap,  with  empty  haversacks ;  and 
climbed  mountains  such  as  we  had  never  before  encountered  with  noth- 
ing to  sustain  us  but  the  justice  of  our"  cause.  We  find  ourselves  otice 
more  near  the  Rappahannock,  a  name  that  is  identified  with  many 
stirring  and  saddening  experiences  of  the  Army  of  the  Potomac.  The 
cavalry  had  quite  a  spicy  time  across  the  river  yesterday — with  what 
success  I  know  not).  Stuart's  troops  are  of  a.  more  retiring  disposition 
since  our  bold  riders  have  proved  their  valor  on  so  many  fields.     *     * 

Your  celebration  over  the  recent  victories  must  have  been  an  en- 
thusiastic affair.  The  copperheads  will  have  to  go  in  mourning  in  a 
few  days  if  our  generals  continue  to  wrest  victories  from  their  Southern 
brethren.  Put  a  copperhead  in  one  scale,  and  an  armed  rebel  in  another, 
and  for  contemptible  meanness,  duplicity  and  treason,  the  Northern 
reptile  will  outweigh  the  other.     Them's  my  sentiments. 

For  a  nervous  man,  my  tent  might  be  a  peculiar  and  annoying 
place.  At  the  northeast  corner  lives  a  flourishing  hive  of  "yellow 
jackets,"  on  the  opposite  side  dwells  a  large  and  increasing  brood  of 
wasps,  with  an  occasional  arrival  of  bumble  bees,  who  make  a  noise 
not  unlike  a  minie  bullet;  on  the  inside  about  a  brigade  of  "animal- 
culae,  peculiar  to  "sacred  soil"  are  charging  in  good  order  upon  us,  and 
the  ground  is  covered  with  some  reptiles  and  "animiles"  (on  a  small 
scale)  that  would  add  much  to  the  variety  of  Barnum's  collection,  but 
do  not  seem  tio  facilitate  military  housekeeping.  I  suppose  the  best 
advice  I  can  give  you  is  "keep  out  of  the  draft."  I  hope  it  will  spot 
some  of  the  copperheads.  We  are  expecting  conscripts  to  fill  up  our 
ranks.    Believe  me  ever  your  true  friend  and  brother,  "E.  C." 

John  E.  Stewart. 


44th  new   YORK    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      335 

THE  EXECUTION  OF  FIVE  DESERTERS. 

Camp  of  the  44th  N.  Y.  Vols., 

Beverly  Ford,  Va.,  Aug.  31,  1863. 
Eds.  Commercial: 

Other  and  better  pens  will  undoubtedly  give  you  earlier  accounts 
of  the  military  execution  which  occurred  in  our  Division  on  Saturday 
last;  but,  knowing  that  no  "special"  occupied  the  "standpoint"  from 
which  these  observations  were  taken,  and  thinking  some  of  them  may 
not  be  altogether  uninteresting  to  you  and  your  readers,  I  subjoin  the 
following  account  of  the  shooting  of  five  deserters  from  the  ii8th  Penn. 
Regiment,  First  Brigade,  First  Division  and  Fifth  Army  Corps. 

About  a  week  ago  it  was  reported  through  all  the  camps  here  that 
five  conscripts  or  their  substitutes,  from  Pennsylvania,  had  deserted  on 
their  way  to  the  regiment  to  which  they  had  been  assigned,  had  been 
apprehended,  tried  by  a  court  martial,  sentenced  to  be  shot,  and  that 
the  sentence,  approved  by  the  President,  was  to  be  executed  on  Wednes- 
day. But  Tuesday  evening  it  was  rumored  that  their  execution  had 
been  postponed  till  Saturday  afternoon  to  give  them  more  time  for 
preparation.  Ours  is  a  merciful  administration,  surely;  but  let  none, 
because  of  its  lenity,  contemplate  or  encourage  desertion,  for  the  wages 
of  that  sin  in  the  army  is  death. 

About  noon  on  Saturday,  the  several  drum  corps  connected  with 
our  Brigade  began  beating  a  Dead  March,  for  practice,  in  the  woods 
near  by,  and  so  unconsciously  gave  to  us  a  sense  of  sadness  and  solem- 
nity, which  ere  long  increased  as  flocks  of  soldiers  from  other  corps 
commenced  passing  through  our  camp,  or  were  seen  going  along  the 
various  roads  that  led  to  the  ground,  or  were  already  observed  in 
groups  collected  there,  reminding  us  painfully  of  the  fact  that  we 
were  on  the  eve  of  another  occasion  not  soon  to  be  forgotten. 

Our  regiment  was  ordered  to  be  formed  at  half-past  one  p.  m.,  as 
were  the  others  of  the  Third  Brigade,  and  the  other  Brigades  must 
have  had  the  same  order,  for  scarcely  had  we  formed  on  the  color  line 
when  from  beneath  the  white  ponchos  that  crown  nearly  every  hill  top 
in  sight,  and  where  but  a  short  time  before  there  were  few  soldiers 
to  be  seen,  there  merged  long  lines  of  blue,  trimmed  with  rows  of 
shining  brass  and  gleaming  steel  glittering  in  the  sunlight.  Soon  came 
the  General's  orders,  repeated  by  a  hundred  voices  along  the  lines,  and 
followed  by  the  heavy,  regular  tramp  of  armed  men  marching  to  the 
notes  of  martial  music.  Having  reached  the  spot  at  which  we  were 
to  report,  there  was  the  usual  amount  of  halting  and  fronting,  of  right 
and  left  dressing,  till  the  whole  was  in  line,  Division  front,  and  closed 
in  mass.  There  was  now  an  opportunity  to  look  about,  which  disclosed 
to  us  boys  perched  in  ti'ee  tops,  men  located  upon  old  buildings,  of 
which  there  happened  to  be  two  on  three  remaining,  and  an  immense 


336      44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

number  seated  in  saddles,  or  occupying,  in  one  way  or  another,  most 
places  available  for  a  good  sight  for  a  long  way  about. 

The  band  has  begun  the  sad  notes  that  form  the  requiem  it  has 
selected.  It  has  a  touching  strain,  and  as  you  look  toward  the  spot 
whence  the  sounds  come,  a  sorrowful  sight  greets  your  steady  gaze. 
The  Division  Provost  Guard,  with  loaded  pieces  and  bayonets  fixed, 
follow  in  the  footsteps  of  the  buglers,  and  are  in  turn  followed  by  the 
prisoners'  spiritual  advisers,  who  are  apparently  reading  or  repeating 
Scripture  or  prayers.  In  their  rear  are  six  men,  the  pall  bearers,  carry- 
ing a  coffin,  behind  which  there  walks,  with  his  hands  pinioned  and 
still  closely  guarded,  the  first  victim,  whose  white  shirt  is  in  striking 
contrast  to  the  darker  colored  clothes  of  those  about  him.  His  heart 
is  undoubtedly  hopeless ;  his  looks  are  downcast ;  and  thus,  one  after 
another,  the  criminals  follow  their  coffins  to  their  graves.  It  is  an 
impressive  scene;  the  most  impressive,  I  think,  that  I  ever  saw.  Tears 
come  stealthily,  yet  perceptibly  and  forcibly  into  your  eyes  as  you  look, 
while  long-drawn  breaths  evince  the  deep  and  earnest  thoughts  of  those 
about  you. 

Seems  to  me  that  no  one  there  could  suppress  an  appeal  to  Heaven 
for  the  Great  God  of  Mercy  to  save  the  souls  of  the  condemned  and 
spare  all  others  their  fate.  And  thus,  that  all  might  see  and  take 
warning,  were  they  marched  the  whole  length  of  the  Corps  and  about 
half  way  back,  to  their  graves,  before  which  that  part  of  the  guard 
whose  duty  it  was  to  shoot  them  were  halted,  and  faced  towards  the 
prisoners,  who  passed  the  length  of  their  line  and  up  to  their  posts 
of  death — seats  upon  the  ends  of  their  coffins — placed  along  the  sides 
of  their  graves,  into  which  they  must  have  looked  as  the  soldiers  seated 
them  there.  Ten  or  fifteen  minutes,  I  should  think,  were  now  given 
the  clergy  in  which  to  complete  their  admonitions,  their  counsels,  and 
their  prayers  for  the  doomed.  To  us,  merely  "quiet  observers,"  the 
minutes  seemed  long.  To  them  how  brief,  how  momentous,  the  last 
seconds  of  life — sealed  prematurely  by  rashness  and  folly.  In  the 
meantime,  the  meagre  paces  were  measured  off,  and  the  marksmen  were 
stationed.  There  were  fifty  of  them,  and  in  their  guns  are  but  five 
blank  cartridges,  and  none  of  them  knows  in  which  pieces  they  are, 
for  their  sergeants  loaded  their  guns  for  them,  that  they  might  never 
know  that  they  had  shot  a  man.  The  officers  step  forward  to  blindfold 
those  seated.  One  of  them  rises,  and  walking  past  the  one  at  his  left, 
approaches  the  third,  kisses  him  fondly  as  a  brother,  and  returns  to  his 
seat.  The  last  words  are  spoken  and  the  clergymen  retire;  the  white 
cloths  are  bound  before  the  eyes  and  about  the  heads  of  the  prisoners; 
the  guard  at  the  grave  is  ordered  away;  the  officer  commands  "ready," 
"take  aim,"  "fire,"  and  when  the  smoke  of  the  volley,  as  one  gun,  has 
passed  away,  four  lifeless  forms  appear  resting  on  the  coffins  as  they 
fell  backwards  in  death,  the  other,  in  a  brief  contraction  of  the  muscles, 
had  fallen  to  the  ground;  but  his  deeds  were  done  and  his  life  had 


-^^^^ 


•^-<A^ 


JAMES  CLAY  RICE. 

Colonel  44th  N.  Y.  Vol.   Infantry;    Brigadier-General   U.    S.   Vols, 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Spottsylvania  Court  House,  Va.,  May  11,  1864. 


7   '-.-iK 


ASTOR,  LlSJs^OX 
I  TILDEN  FOUNDATipi^ 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      337 

departed.  I  believe,  "they  shed  no  tears,  they  heaved  no  sighs,  they 
uttered  no  groans,"  but  perished  thus,  without  a  struggle — a  fearful 
warning  to  all  cowards  or  merely  mercenary  men  in  the  service.  Thus 
ended  the  lives  of  five  men  who  might  have  lived  to  do  worthy  work, 
to  perform  valiant  deeds,  and  to  win  honor  to  themselves  and  their 
names. 

[The  foregoing  was  published  in  the  BuflFalo  Commercial  Advertiser, 
Sept.  4,  1863. — Ed.] 


338      44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 


WELDON   RAILROAD. 

(From  Albany  Morning  Express,  Monday,  August  29,  1864.) 
The  44th  Regiment,  N.  Y.  Volunteers,  composed  chiefly  of  Al- 
banians, is  attached  to  the  Fifth  Army  Corps,  to  which  is  entrusted  the 
important  duty  of  taking  possession  of  the  Weldon  Railroad,  a  highly 
important  strategic  point  as  it  severs  a  portion  of  the  enemy's  com- 
munications. From  a  letter  received  here  Saturday  from  a  member 
of  Company  F,  44th,  who  participated  in  the  movement  we  make  the 
following  extract.  "We  broke  camp  at  3.  a.  m.,  on  the  i8th,  marched 
three  miles,  formed  line  of  battle,  and  then  marched  one  mile  in  line, 
struck  the  Weldon  Railroad  at  9  a.  m.  near  the  Yellow  Tavern.  Our 
Division  having  the  lead,  we  halted  on  the  Railroad,  and  allowed  the 
Second,  Third  and  Fourth  Divisions  to  come  up  and  take  position  on 
our  right.  All  was  quiet  until  4  p.  m.,  when  the  rebels  came  out  in 
good  force  but  were  repulsed  with  heavy  loss.  The  artillery  on  our 
side  was  used  to  good  advantage,  while  the  enemy  had  but  one  battery, 
and  that  was  some  distance  off  in  a  fort.  The  fight  lasted  about  two 
hours.  It  rained  a  good  deal  during  the  day.  On  the  19th,  heavy 
cannonading  was  heard  in  the  direction  of  our  old  works;  all  wa9 
quiet  again  till  4  p.  m.,  when  the  enemy  made  another  attack  and  at- 
tempted to  break  our  line,  but  met  with  the  same  defeat  as  the  day 
previous.  Our  Division  was  dispatched  on  the  "double  quick"  to  the 
right,  but  on  reaching  there  our  services  were  not  needed.  The  mud 
was  ankle-deep,  rendering  it  severe  marching.  The  Second  Division 
lost  heavily.  It  rained  some  during  the  day.  On  the  20th  nothing 
occurred  but  a  little  packet  firing  in  our  front.  Another  good  shower 
in  the  afternoon.  August  21st — I  have  not  time  to  give  an  extended 
account  of  to-day's  doings,  but  will  say  the  "Johnnies"  made  another 
fruitless  assault  on  our  works — this  time  on  the  left  of  our  line.  They 
were  so  mistaken  in  our  force  that  the  assault  proved  a  complete 
victory  for  us.  The  engagement  commenced  about  9  a.  m.  and  lasted 
two  hours.  We  took  between  seven  and  eight  hundred  prisoners  in 
front  of  the  First  and  Fourth  Divisions;  also  three  new  stands  of 
colors  from  the  7th  North  Carolina  battalion.  August  22d.  All  quiet; 
weather  very  hot.  We  still  hold  possession  of  the  Railroad,  and  the 
enemy  cannot  very  easily  dislodge  us." 


44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      339 


NORMAN    OTTMAN   IS   DEAD. 

We  do  not  feel  like  writing  a  merited  obituary.  Our  heart  is  too 
sad.  He  was  an  old  schoolmate,  a  personal  friend  of  many  years,  a 
pious,  and  ("one  of  the  noblest  works  of  God")  an  honest  man.  We 
loved  him  as  a  brother.  As  a  schoolteacher;  as  a  citizen;  as  a  friend;  as 
a  husband  and  as  a  father,  he  had  no  superiors  in  this  town  (Sharon, 
N.  Y.).  He  was  beloved  by  all, — mourned  by  all.  He  was  worthy  of 
their  love  and  is  entitled  to  their  tears  to  wet  the  sod  that  lies  upon 
his  bosom.  He  died  a  noble  death — in  the  service  of  his  country;  in 
the  44th  N.  Y.  S.  V.  at  the  battle  of  Chancellorsville  he  received  his 
death  wound — a  ball  in  the  head. 

Let  us  plant  flowers  upon  his  grave  and  water  them  with  our  tears. 
And  may  the  widow  and  the  orphan  who  have  given  up  their  dearest 
treasure  for  the  salvation  of  their  country,  be  properly  cherished  by 
the  friends  of  our  country. 

[Comrade  Ottman  died  May  27,  1863,  from  wounds  received  at  bat- 
tle of  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  May  4th.  Author  of  above  tribute  not 
known. — Ed.] 


340      44th  new   YORK   VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


DEATH   OF  A  MEMBER  OF  THE  44TH  REGIMENT. 

Justin  R.  Huntly,  only  son  of  W.  D.  Huntly,  Superintendent  of 
the  Expyerimental  Department  of  the  State  Normal  School,  at  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  died  recently  in  the  hospital  at  Bristol,  Pa.  His  remains  reached 
this  city  yesterday  morning.  Mr.  Huntly  was  a  member  of  Company 
E,  44th  Regiment,  and  was  in  all  the  battles  after  the  Wilderness,  serv- 
ing on  General  Bartlett's  staflf.  He  was  attacked  before  Petersburg 
with  an  illness  that  proved  fatal.  He  was  a  young  man  of  the  highest 
promise,  and  beloved  by  a  large  circle  of  friends,  upon  whom  this  in- 
telligence will  fall  with  crushing  weight. 

Resolutions  of  Condolence. — At  a  meeting  of  the  soldier  friends  of 
J.  R.  Huntly,  Co.  E,  44th  N.  Y.  Vols.,  the  following  preamble  and 
resolutions  were  adopted : 

Whereas,  it  has  pleased  the  Almighty  Ruler  of  the  Universe  to  re- 
move from  our  midst  by  the  hand  of  death  our  beloved  comrade,  J.  R. 
Huntly;  and  whereas  we  have  always  found  him  during  his  stay  a 
sincere  friend  and  a  true  patriot,  as  well  as  a  brave  and  gallant  soldier, 
therefore 

Resolved,  That  in  the  death  of  J.  R.  Huntly  we  are  called  on  to 
sustain  the  loss  of  a  dear  friend  and  brother  soldier,  one  who  has 
commanded  our  admiration  for  his  ability  and  integrity  as  a  soldier, 
and  our  esteem  as  a  gentleman  for  the  uniform  courtesy  which  marked 
his  intercourse  with  all. 

Resalved,  That  while  we  deeply  deplore  his  early  death,  we  sym- 
pathize sincerely  with  his  bereaved  parents  and  friends,  and  we  shall 
cherish  the  fond  recollections  of  his  many  acts  of  kindness  when  living. 

Resolved,  That  the  above  be  published  in  the  Albany  Morning 
Express,  and  a  copy  be  transmitted  to  the  parents  of  the  deceased. 

[Above  appeared  in  the  Albany  Morning  Express,  Sept.  15,  1864. — 
Ed.] 


44th  new   YORK    VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      341 


BRIGADIER-GENERAL    EDWARD    P.    CHAPIN. 
(By  Col.  John  B.  Weber.) 

Edward  Payson  Chapin  was  born  August  16,  1831,  in  the  Village  of 
Waterloo,  Seneca  County,  N.  Y.,  the  youngest  of  six  children  belong- 
ing to  Rev.  Ephraim  and  Elizabeth  Chapin.  His  father  was  a  direct 
descendant  of  Deacon  Samuel  Chapin  who  settled  in  Springfield,  Mass., 
in  1642.  The  rudiments  of  his  education  were  attained  in  a  common 
village  school,  supplemented  by  a  full  classical  and  English  course  in 
the  academy  of  his  native  place.  He  began  the  study  of  law  in  Water- 
loo, afterwards  pursuing  the  study  in  Buffalo  and  Ballston  Spa,  N.  Y., 
and  was  admitted  to  the  bar  soon  after  he  attained  his  majority.  He 
began  and  continued  the  practice  of  law  in  Buffalo  until  the  breaking 
out  of  the  Rebellion.  When  it  was  proposed  to  raise  the  People's  Ells- 
worth Regiment  he  raised  a  company  to  represent  Erie  County  and 
was  unanimously  elected  its  Captain.  His  was  the  first  company  or- 
ganized in  the  regiment,  was  designated  Company  A,  and  held  the  right 
of  the  line.  At  the  battle  of  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va.,  on  the  27th  day  of 
May,  1862,  he  was  severely  wounded  and  was  sent  North  as  soon  as 
his  condition  would  permit  of  his  removal.  On  recovering  from  his 
wound,  which  at  first  was  thought  to  be  fatal,  he  proceeded  in  his 
convalescent  state  to  Buffalo  to  take  charge  of  a  recruiting  office  for 
the  Forty-fourth  Regiment.  While  engaged  in  this  service  he  was 
tendered  and  accepted  the  Colonelcy  of  the  ii6th  N.  Y.  Vols.  Four 
others  of  the  Forty-fourth  were  invited  by  him  and  accepted  commis- 
sions in  this  new  regiment,  viz.,  Capt.  George  M.  Love  to  be  Major, 
afterwards  Colonel  and  brevet  brigadier-general :  Lieut.  John  B.  Weber 
to  be  Adjutant,  afterwards  Colonel  89th  U.  S.  C.  infantry;  Corporal 
John  M.  Sizer  to  be  Captain,  afterwards  Lieut.  Colonel  and  Sergeant 
John  B.  Mason  to  be  ist  Lieutenant.  The  Ii6th  Regiment  was,  there- 
fore, modeled  after  the  Forty-fourth  and  by  reason  of  Chapin's  superior 
abilities  it  soon  took  first  rank  for  drill  and  discipline,  and  was  fre- 
quently commended  for  soldierly  qualities  from  department  head- 
quarters. 

Col.  Chapin  so  far  commended  himself  to  his  superior  officers, 
that  he  was  soon  placed  in  command  of  a  brigade.  On  the  27th  day 
of  May,  1863,  just  one  year  after  being  wounded  at  Hanover  C.  H., 
while  leading  his  brigade  in  the  terrible  charge  over  the  slashing  at 
Port  Hudson,  he  was  struck  by  a  bullet  in  the  face,  which,  crashing 
through  his  brain  produced  instant  death.  His  remains  were  taken  to 
New  Orleans,  thence  home,  where  he  was  buried  with  all  the  honors 
due  his  rank. 

President  Lincoln  sent  his  father  a  commission,  appointing  Col. 
Chapin  a  brigadier-general  for  gallant  and  meritorious  service  at  the 
assault  on  Port  Hudson,  dating  it  from  the  day  of  his  death. 

General  Chapin,  as  a  soldier,  possessed  a  peculiar  talent  of  keep- 
ing up  the  line  of  distinction   between  the  different  grades  so  necessary 


342      44th   new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

to  the  preservation  of  discipline,  without  seeming  to  encroach  upon 
natural  privileges  or  resorting  to  severity  of  measures.  His  look,  his 
manner  and  actions  showed  an  innate  talent  to  command  that  did  not 
require  shoulder  straps  or  insignia  of  rank  to  exact  obedience. 

In  character  and  ability  General  Chapin  reflected  the  highest  credit 
upon  the  Forty-fourth  N.  Y.  as  a  representative  of  that  large  class, 
who  received  their  military  training  in  the  old  regiment  and  carried  its 
inspirations  into  other  fields  of  duty. 

His  immediate  commander,  Major-General  Augur,  said  of  him: 
"The  army  could  illy  afford  to  lose  such  an  officer  or  the  country  such 
a  man." 

Brigadier-General  Chapin  was  of  the  best  type  of  the  American 
volunteer  officer. 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      343 


SWORD  PRESENTATION  TO  COL.  RICE. 

[The  following  account,  published  by  The  Albany  (N.  Y.)  Evening 
Journal  of  Oct.  19,  1861,  seems  peculiarly  appropriate  for  preservation 
in  this  history  of  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

The  eloquent  words  of  Mrs.  Barnes'  address  and  those  of  the 
Colonel's  patriotic  response  now  read  like  prophecy.] 

"A  large  company  of  ladies  and  gentlemen  met  at  the  house  of 
A.  McClure,  last  evening,  on  the  occasion  of  the  presentation  of  a 
sword,  etc.,  to  Lieutenant-Colonel  Rice  of  the  Ellsworth  Regiment. 
Among  those  present  were  Governor  Morgan,  Hon.  Erastus  Corning, 
John  G.  Saxe,  Esq.,  and  other  distinguished  citizens.  The  Presentation 
Address  was  made  by  Mrs.  William  Barnes,  who  spoke  with  great  feel- 
ing and  in  a  vein  of  patriotic  fervor  which  stirred  the  hearts  of  all 
who  listened.  It  will  be  long  before  the  recipient  will  forget  her  elo- 
quent words  and  impressive  counsels.  Lieutenant-Colonel  Rice  re- 
sponded in  an  address  marked  at  once  by  earnestness  and  scholarly 
finish.  He  pledged  those  present  that  the  sword  of  which  he  was  the 
recipient,  should  return  to  its  scabbard  when  the  war  was  ended,  un- 
tarnished; and  that  no  friend  should  have  cause  to  blush  over  his 
record.  He  was  deeply  affected  and  spoke  with  the  pathos  of  earnest 
feeling." 

"The  sword  is  beautifully  finished,  and  bears  the  following  in- 
scription: 'Lieut.-Col.  Rice,  44th  Reg't  N.  Y.  S.  V.  Presented  by  his 
Albany  Friends.'  Among  the  articles  presented,  in  addition,  were  a 
pair  of  revolvers,  belt  and  sash,  etc." 

"presentation   speech   by   MRS.   WM.  BARNES. 

"'Colonel  Rice: 

"  T  have  been  asked  to  come  here  to-night  to  perform  a  duty  and 
enjoy  a  noble  privilege.  My  duty  is  easily  and  quickly  performed.  In 
the  name  and  on  behalf  of  your  many  friends  in  Albany,  I  present  you 
these  military  arms  and  equipments,  and  I  know  I  represent  those 
friends  fully  when  I  say  that  their  best  wishes  and  most  fervent  prayers 
for  your  welfare  go  with  the  gift.  Allow  me,  also,  in  this  connection, 
to  congratulate  you  upon  your  fortunate  selection  of  a  post  of  duty. 
The  Empire  State  has  been  true  to  her  great  name;  for  no  other  com- 
monwealth has  sent  into  the  service  of  the  United  States  such  a 
regiment  as  the  one  which  you  and  your  brother  officers  have  the  honor 
to  command.  Every  county,  from  Lake  Erie  to  the  Ocean,  has  been 
eager  to  send  its  representative  to  it,  and  every  representative  feels  that 
he  carries  with  him  not  only  the  honor  of  his  constituents,  but  the 
sacred  memory  of  our  early  martyr — the  Warren  of  this  war — who  died 
only  to  live  again  in  the  heroic  achievements  and  spotless  reputation 
of  this  noble  body  which  bears  his  name. 

"  'As  citizens  of  Albany,  especially,  this  regiment  is  very  dear  to 


344      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

us.  For  two  months  these  men  have  been  in  our  midst,  teaching  us  the 
true  chivalry  of  patriotism  by  their  sobriety,  their  inteUigence,  their 
faithful  performance  of  every  obligation  which  came  to  them  as  a  duty, 
and  if  my  voice  could  reach  them  to-night,  I  would  say  to  them  that 
Albany  can  never  be  indifferent  to  their  future  welfare;  for  she  has 
learned  through  them  to  appreciate  the  sacredness  of  that  cause  which 
can  call  for  men  and  be  answered  by  such  a  Spartan  Phalanx ! 

"  'In  bidding  you  and  them,  farewell,  I  now  claim  the  privilege  of 
saying  a  few  words  to  you,  and  to  your  brother  officers,  which  might 
be  inadmissible  and  inappropriate  were  I  not  a  woman. 

"  'You  are  going  out  from  among  us  at  the  head  of  a  regiment 
which  throbs  with  the  best  blood  of  our  State;  it  is  freely  given,  let  it 
be  freely  shed,  if  the  sacred  cause  of  Liberty  requires  it.  Ancient  his- 
toric pages  glow  with  the  record  of  that  Thebeian  band  who,  in  the 
third  century,  were  relentlessly  decimated  by  the  Emperor  Maximilian 
because  they  refused  to  offer  sacrifices  to  a  heathen  god.  Let  not  this 
regiment  shrink,  if  it  be  necessary,  to  add  such  a  page  to  our  National 
history;  for  human  life,  at  best,  is  but  short,  while  the  principles 
which  inspire  life,  and  alone  make  it  worth  the  living,  are  eternal  and 
immortal. 

"  'The  occasion  which  opens  to  you  such  a  noble  field  of  action, 
is  an  occasion  which  comes  but  rarely  to  any  man  or  people;  and  when 
I  put  in  your  hands  these  tokens  of  war,  I  confess  it  is  with  almost  a 
feeling  of  envy;  for  I  do  not  look  upon  this  war  as  an  evil  to  be 
dreaded — a  calamity  which  must  be  borne,  but  rather  an  opportunity 
which  every  man  who  loves  Liberty  and  Justice  and  National  Honor 
better  than  he  loves  his  life,  welcomes  with  joy  and  embraces  with  an 
ardor  that  transforms  him  into  a  hero.  I  see  in  this  war  but  the  nat- 
ural outgrowth  of  that  order  of  society  which  elevates  one  race  only 
by  the  systematic  crushing  out  of  another  and  a  weaker  one ;  and  I 
know  that  so  surely  as  God  lives,  any  peace,  any  compromise,  any  con- 
cession made  to  that  system  now,  is  simply  transferring  the  awful 
responsibility  to  our  children  which  we  are  too  timid  and  too  cowardly 
to  incur  ourselves. 

"We  enslave  our  children's  children  when  we  compromise  with 
sin." 

"  'I  see  in  this  conflict  only  the  old  contest  between  Civilization 
and  Barbarism;  only  the  old  opposing  forces  that  have  always  torn 
human  society;  and  I  rejoice  that  on  this  Continent,  which  the  genius 
of  Liberty  claims  as  her  own,  the  great  decisive  battle  is  to  be  fought 
which  will  test  beyond  all  future  caviling  the  principles  of  Constitu- 
tional Liberty  and  the  Rights  of  Man.  All  honor  to  the  men  who, 
to-day,  are  found  fighting  on  the  right  side !  The  muse  of  history  only 
waits  to  receive  their  names  to  give  them  immortal  honor ! 

"  'I  know  that  many  good  men  fancy  that  this  war  is  only  a  de- 
fensive war;  that  our  army  upon  the  Potomac  is  only  there  to  defend 
our  National   Capital  and   that  this   rebellion   is   an   incomprehensible 


AZUM  ROBERTS. 

Enlisted  in  Company  A  for  three  years  or  during  the  war  at  Buf- 
falo, N.  Y..  and  was  with  the  regiment  until  the  evacuation  of  York- 
town  in  May,  1862,  and  was  then  sent  home  suffering  from  typhoid 
fever.  Rejoined  the  regiment  about  two  months  later  at  Harrison's 
Landing.  Was  wounded  at  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run,  Aug.  30, 
1862.  and  was  again  absent  from  the  regiment  until  just  before  Burn- 
side's  "Stick  in  the  Mud,"  at  or  near  Falmouth,  Va.  Was  furloughed 
for  ten  days,  and  discharged  with  the  regiment  in  October,  1864,  having 
served  three  vears  and  two  months. 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY     345 

madness,  utterly  without  excuse.  Such  men,  if  they  read  history  pro- 
foundly, would  see  that  our  army  is  but  the  Advance  Guard  of  the 
great  army  of  Christian  civilization  which  is  always  aggressive,  always 
persistent,  always  uncompromising.  Having  conquered  the  North  and 
marked  every  step  of  its  march  through  our  Free  States  by  schools,  by 
churches,  by  factories,  by  mills,  by  farms,  by  villages,  by  libraries,  by 
colleges,  it  now  marshals  all  its  forces  and  turns  to  the  South  for  a 
desperate  conflict  with  its  old  enemy — barbarism.  Imbecile  and  blind 
in  its  old  age,  that  enemy  has  come  out  from  behind  its  constitutional 
intrenchments  and  has  given  battle  in  the  open  field  and  as  on  the 
plains  of  Ilium  the  gods  themselves  came  down  to  wage  the  awful  con- 
flict, so  in  this  western  world  it  requires  no  Homeric  vision  to  see 
another  battle  of  the  gods. 

"  'Far-seeing  men  at  the  South  saw  the  tide  of  battle  setting  back 
upon  them,  four  years  ago,  from  the  blood-ensanguined  fields  of 
Kansas.  There,  as  in  a  mirror,  they  saw  the  inevitable  struggle  which 
has  come  at  last  and  taken  so  many  worthy  people  by  surprise.  They 
fired  the  first  gun  at  Sumter,  it  is  true ;  but  we  fired  a  gun  long  before, 
which  shook  their  forts  and  battered  down  their  intrenchments  of 
compromise;  for  no  Columbiad  upon  the  banks  of  the  Potomac  or  the 
Mississippi  has  so  long  a  range  or  so  deadly  an  aim  as  that  simple 
declaration  of  ours,  made  four  years  ago,  "No  more  Slave  Territory." 

"  'Our  noble  river,  the  Hudson,  at  the  coming  of  every  spring 
struggles  with  its  icy  barriers  until  finally,  with  a  burst  of  magnificent 
strength,  it  tears  itself  loose  and  rolls  its  turbid  waters  to  the  sea;  yet 
we  never  find  men  bewailing  the  aggressions  of  the  sun  and  complain- 
ing at  the  providence  of  God,  which  sent  its  beams  upon  that  very 
errand;  for  they  know  that  the  normal  condition  of  the  river  is  to  be 
free ;  and  though  property  may  be  destroyed,  and  human  life  may  be 
swept  away  by  its  uprising,  yet  never  since  the  days  of  Joshua,  has 
man  successfully  commanded  the  sun  to  stand  still. 

"  'And  as  it  is  the  final  destiny  of  this  country  to  be  free,  let  us  not 
complain  of  any  means  which  God  sends  to  accomplish  His  mighty 
purpose.  The  sacrifice  of  property  and  of  life  let  us  gladly  accept,  as 
the  condition  of  our  release  from  the  frigid  and  godless  conservatism 
that  would  hold  us  forever  in  its  icy  grasp. 

"  'Let  us  fully  realize  that  the  war  has  actually  begun.  The  whole 
world  outside  stands  expectant;  for  they  know  that  it  is  not  only  the 
genius  of  American  institutions,  but  Christian  civilization  itself,  that 
has  entered  the  field  to  do  battle  for  God  and  humanity.  Remember 
this  when  you  and  your  brother  officers  take  the  Ellsworth  regiment 
into  action ;  and  whether  you  are  destined  to  achieve  glory  in  the  army 
of  the  Potomac  under  the  wise  guardianship  of  McClellan,  or  whether 
you  carry  the  Banner  of  Freedom  down  the  Mississippi  under  Fremont, 
always  remember  that  the  eyes  of  the  world  are  upon  you  and  that  no 
victory  is  permanent,  no  peace  is  secure,  unless  grounded  upon  the 
immutable  principles  of  justice. 


346      44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

"  'One  more  word  and  I  have  done.  If  this  sword  which  I  now 
present  you  is  to  be  always  drawn  in  defense  of  Liberty  and  in  vindi- 
cation of  Human  Rights,  I  shall  never  cease  to  thank  God  that  I  was 
permitted  to  place  it  in  your  hands;  but  may  I  never  live  to  see  that 
hour  when  its  bright  blade  shall  be  tarnished  by  the  breath  of  any 
poor,  panting  fugitive  slave  driven  back  by  you  to  the  hell  from  which 
he  had  escaped !  Spare  the  women  of  the  State  of  New  York,  whose 
sons  are  in  your  noble  regiment,  the  agony  of  believing  that  they  have 
forgotten  their  mission  of  Civilization — that  they  have  forgotten  Justice 
— that  they  have  forgotten  GOD !'  " 

"reply  by  colonel  rice. 
"  'Respected  Madam : 

"  'Be  pleased  to  accept  for  yourself,  and  for  those  whom  you  have 
so  eloquently  represented  here  this  evening,  my  grateful  thanks  for 
these  precious  testimonials  of  your  and  their  regard. 

"  'Aside  from  the  intrinsic  value  of  these  martial  gifts,  so  rich  and 
beautiful  in  themselves,  the  thought  that  they  are  the  generous  offer- 
ings of  friends  whose  esteem  long  years  of  absence  from  their  midst 
has  not  dimmed ;  the  thought  that  the  fair  and  patriotic  channel  of  their 
conveyance  is,  at  this  moment,  recalling  to  the  mind  of  each  one  pres- 
ent the  distinguished  source  from  which  you  spring;  the  thought  that 
they  are  presented  here,  surrounded  by  my  kindred  and  family  friends, 
and  above  all,  the  thought  that  they  are  so  soon  to  be  used  for  the 
defense  of  a  beloved  country  in  whose  preservation  each  of  our  homes 
and  firesides,  our  families,  and  all  the  kindliest  relations  and  blessings 
of  life  are  so  intimately  allied,  will  ever  enhance  to  me  the  value  of 
your  gifts — adding,  whether  upon  the  tented  or  battle-field,  joy  to 
duty — tenderly  touching  to  their  finest  issues  the  sacred  love  and  devo- 
tion I  bear  to  my  country,  and  causing  me  more  fully  than  ever  before, 
to  realize 

"How  home-felt  pleasure  prompts   the  patriot's   sigh, 
And  makes  him  wish  to  live,  yet  dare  to  die." 

"  'The  manner,  dear  madam,  in  which  these  martial  gifts  have 
been  presented  to  me — coming  as  they  do  from  the  hands  of  one  of  the 
gentler  sex  and  surrounded  as  I  am  by  so  numerous  an  assemblage  of 
fair  women  and  brave  men — naturally  calls  to  mind  those  chivalric 
days  of  England's  earliest  kings,  when  around  the  Round  Table  of  the 
good  and  gallant  Arthur  valorous  knights  modestly  told  their  loves 
and  feats  of  arms;  when  the  fair  Countess  of  Britanny  and  Montford 
stooped  to  bind  the  sash  and  sword  around  the  waists  of  the  bold 
Sir  Tristram,  and  the  generous  Knight,  Sir  Launcelot;  when  the  fair 
Lady  Isabella  and  the  beautiful  Eloisa  beside  prancing  steeds,  grace- 
fully knelt  and  fixed  the  spurs  to  their  gallant  knights ;  when  the  brave 
Templar  of  Ivanhoe  won  his  fair  Rowena  by  his  faithful  arms ;  when 
love  was  the  crowning  grace — the  grandeur  of  the  soldier's  toils  and 
bravery,  in  woman's  eyes,  the  dearest  quality  of  the  manly  mind.     In 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      347 

accepting  this  sword,  on  this  occasion,  from  your  fair  hands,  I  would 
not  entirely  forget  the  noble  exemplars  of  those  chivalric  times ;  but  I 
will  remember  their  many  virtues,  their  mercy  towards  the  helpless 
and  their  kindness  towards  the  oppressed.  Be  assured,  Madam,  that 
this  sword,  now  entrusted  to  me  by  you,  shall  never  be  tarnished  with 
one  ignoble  or  ungenerous  action ;  that  as  it  now  comes  from  your 
hands,  bright  and  unsullied,  so  shall  it  be  sheathed,  when  this  war 
shall  have  ceased  and  peace  shall  have  been  restored  throughout  the 
land.  When  the  skillful  armorers  of  Saragossa  presented  their  new 
made  swords  to  the  brave  knights  of  old  they  first  plunged  them,  hot 
from  the  forge,  into  the  river  Salo,  and  thus  tempered,  baptized  them 
with  a  sacred  name  and  dedicated  them  to  some  noble  cause.  This 
night  I  receive  this  sword,  tempered  by  your  eloquent  and  burning 
words,  and  forever  dedicate  it  to  the  freedom  and  preservation  of  my 
country.  Inspired  by  your  commands,  I  receive  this  sword,  and  with 
the  Trojan  hero  as  the  Greeks  threatened  his  beloved  Troy,  confi- 
dently exclaim : 

"Si  Pergama  dextra 
Defendi  possent,  etiam  hac  defensa  fuissent." 

"If  the  Union  can  be  defended  by  any  right  hand,  even  by  this, 
it  shall  be  defended." 

"  'In  the  sentiments  which  you  have  so  eloquently  and  feelingly 
expressed  in  regard  to  this  war  I  fully  concur.  I  have  long  and  con- 
fidently believed  that  God,  looking  down  from  His  Eternal  Throne  of 
Justice  upon  the  American  people  from  the  formation  of  our  Govern- 
ment, and  despairing,  after  a  long  and  faithful  trial,  that  justice  and 
right  would  ever  be  done  to  the  down-trodden  slave,  either  by  the 
North  or  the  South,  at  last  has  taken  their  emancipation  upon  Himself. 
I  believe  that  it  is  God's  divine  purpose,  having  used  the  wrath  of  the 
South  to  commence  this  war,  to  cause  that  wrath  to  praise  Him  by  the 
freedom  of  every  slave.  And  I  also  confidently  believe  that  this  war, 
under  His  providence,  will  be  made  just  severe  enough  to  effect  this 
object;  and  that  it  will  be  ended  by  God  only  when  we,  as  individuals, 
both  North  and  South,  shall  see  and  realize  this  Divine  object.  Be 
assured.  Madam,  that  in  this  war 

"There  is  a  Divinity  that  shapes  our  ends, 
Rough  hew  them  as  we  will." 
Bearing  no  unkind  or  ungenerous  spirit  towards  the  South  but  at  the 
same  time  determined  to  defend  my  country  to  the  last,  on  this  Divin- 
ity, in  conducting  this  war  to  a  happy  and  glorious  peace,  I  alone  rely. 

"  'With  feelings  thus  inspired,  I  receive  these  military  arms  and 
equipment  from  your  hands.  But  be  assured  that  in  doing  so,  I  accept 
them  relying  not  boastingly  or  confidently  upon  my  own  strength.  I 
receive  them,  feeling  deeply  the  responsibility  of  the  sacred  trust  im- 
posed upon  me  by  your  kindness  and  trusting  for  their  unsullied 
keeping  entirely  to  that  Being  who  never  forsakes  the  brave  and  the 
faithful,  who,  in  the  day  of  battle  and  of  trial  put  their  trust  in  Him 


348      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

alone.  I  accept  them  as  a  Christian,  feeling  that  they  are  to  be  used 
in  a  most  holy  cause — a  cause  that  God  will  bless,  and  in  His  own  wise 
time  and  way  bring  to  a  happy  and  glorious  issue.  I  accept  them  as  a 
patriot,  proudly  remembering  the  blessings  and  the  glory  of  our 
country's  past,  and  anxiously  trusting  that  the  same  glory  and  bless- 
ings, so  abundantly  shared  by  us,  may  be  transmitted  to  our  children. 
I  accept  them  as  a  soldier,  willing  to  leave  all,  sacrifice  all  (save  a 
Saviour's  love),  willing  to  offer  up  my  life,  if  need  be,  for  my  country; 
for  in  the  loss  of  our  country,  all  is  lost,  and  whoever  of  us  as  shall 
be  so  unhappy  as  to  survive  his  country,  can  but  feel  that  he  has 
already  lived  too  long.' " 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      349 

LETTER  OF  COL.  RICE  FROM  THE  BATTLEFIELD. 

"H'd  Qrs.  3RD  Brigade,  on  the  Battlefield  near  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

Saturday  Morning,  July  4th,  1863. 
"My  dear  Mrs.  Barnes : 

"We  have  fought  the  entire  army  of  General  Lee  for  two  days. 
Our  forces  are  nearly  equal — the  contest  has  been  severe,  but  the  enemy 
has  been  repulsed  both  days  at  every  point.  The  struggle  is  not  over — 
it  will  commence  in  an  hour  again,  but  the  day — the  soil  inspires  us  to 
victory.  We  have  taken  over  ten  thousand  prisoners.  The  enemy 
seem  to  be  discouraged  and  disheartened.  This  day  shall  save  the 
country.  Be  assured  of  victory.  Our  army  is  in  the  most  gallant 
spirit.  Our  losses  have  been  great.  The  leaves  of  autumn  are  not 
thicker  on  the  ground,  than  our  dead  and  dying.  Our  blood  has  been 
given  like  water.  Officers  have  fallen  by  hundreds.  During  this  battle 
I  have,  after  the  reception  of  a  mortal  wound  by  Col.  Vincent,  been  in 
command  of  this  brigade.  Never  did  soldiers  behave  more  gallantly. 
We  held  the  extreme  left  of  the  line — four  regiments  of  300  muskets 
each — opposed  to  us  were  two  brigades  of  Texas  troops  of  the  best 
blood.  After  two  hours  of  splendid  fighting  we  drove  them  back,  oc- 
cupied their  ground,  captured  over  three  hundred  prisoners — took  over 
four  hundred  stand  of  arms.  Among  the  prisoners  were  two  colonels 
and  fifteen  commissioned  officers.  Our  loss  was  about  one  hundred 
killed  and  three  hundred  wounded,  one-third  of  our  entire  force.  The 
Forty-fourth  behaved  splendidly — captured  over  one  hundred  prisoners, 
and  repulsed  the  attacking  force  at  every  point.  Every  man  did  his 
duty,  not  one  flinched.  This  is  the  bravest  regiment  that  ever  left 
New  York  without  any  question.  Capt.  Larrabee  was  killed.  Capts. 
Bourne  and  Munger  severely  wounded,  as  well  as  Lieuts.  Thomas  and 
Zeilman.  Lieut.  Dunham  was  killed.  The  regiment  lost  out  of  three 
hundred  in  action,  twenty-five  killed  and  over  eighty  wounded.  The 
regiment  is  a  brigade  in  bravery,  a  company  in  numbers.  I  have  not 
been  out  of  my  saddle  for  fifty  hours,  and  I  am  very  weary — but  I 
trust  that  this  day  will  decide  the  contest.  Ah,  that  you  might  see  and 
feel  the  sacrifices  we  are  making  for  our  country.  Marched  200  miles 
— 20  miles  a  day — weary  and  barefoot,  fought  two  days  and  buried  the 
dead  at  night,  ever  listening  to  the  groans  of  the  wounded  and  dying. 
Sleepless  carnage!  Yours  truly, 

"J.  C.  Rice." 


350      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


LETTER  FROM  GEORGE  E.  BAKER  TO  MRS.  BARNES. 

[The  following  letter  from  the  Private  Secretary  of  Secretary  of 
State  Seward,  dated  at  Washington  (9  days  after  the  assassination  of 
President  Lincoln),  is  of  historic  interest. 

Contributed  by  Hon.  Wm.  Barnes,  Sen.,  of  Nantucket  Island, 
Mass.,  formerly  of  Albany,  N.  Y.] 

"Washington,  April  24,  1865. 
"Dear  Mrs.  Barnes: 

"Our  correspondence  has  been  suspended  for  some  time.  But  I 
thought  a  word  from  me  in  this  time  of  affliction  and  anxiety  might 
be  acceptable. 

"The  Secretary  is  wonderfully  improving.  He  is,  however,  shock- 
ingly hurt.  A  jaw  broken,  in  two  or  more  places,  an  arm  broken  near 
the  shoulder  and  face  and  neck  gashed  with  a  bowie  knife,  are  no 
ordinary  wounds.  But  all  these  terrible  injuries  and  the  heart  and 
.  mind  crushing  death  of  the  President,  with  the  knowledge  also  that 
■•■Frederick's  life  is  trembling  in  the  scale  are  not  sufficient  to  dis- 
courage or  dishearten  the  noble  .statesman  and  philosopher.  We  have 
great  hopes  of  his  recovery.  With  it  we  are  confident  of  Johnson's 
successful  administration.  Every  hour  strengthens  our  faith  in  the 
new  President.  As  to  poor  Fred,  it  is  only  today  that  really  any  hope 
could  be  reasonably  indulged  of  his  recovery.  He  has  lain  as  uncon- 
scious as  a  sleeping  man  until  within  a  short  time,  speaking  no  word. 
We  flattered  ourselves  he  knew  his  wife,  the  Dr.  and  Clarence,  that 
was  the  most.  His  pulse  rose  to  140  and  sunk  very  low  on  two  occa- 
sions. His  mother  has  said  all  through  the  week  'he  will  die.'  Since 
an  operation  on  his  head  his  symptoms  have  greatly  improved.  But 
it  must  at  best  be  a  long  time  before  he  is  himself.     *    *     * 

"Is  it  not,  my  dear  friend,  a  terrible  tragedy — our  good  President 
killed, — the  generous,  noble  hearted  Secretary  butchered  like  an  ox, 
and  the  amiable  Assistant  sent  to  the  very  gates  of  death !  It  is  unlike 
almost  any  other  calamity,  it  does  not  soften  by  time. 

"It  was  not  and  could  not  be  exaggerated  (as  usual)  and  so  no 
diminution  of  its  horror  attends  our  coming  to  the  reality. 

"But  God  rules.     We  will  not  despair. 

"Your  friend, 

"Geo.  E.  Baker." 

[♦Assistant  Secretary  of  State  Seward.] 


■'iKY 


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ROSTER  OF  44th  REGIMENT,  NEW  YORK 
VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

CLASSIFIED   FACTS   SHOWN   BY   ROSTER. 

Ofl&cers  and  men  borne  on  the  rolls  when  the  regiment  left  Albany, 

N.  Y.,  October  21,  1861 1061 

Accessions  since  then,  Comprising, 

"New  Co.  C."  —  October  14,  1862  88 

"New  Co.  E."  —  October  23,  1862  loi     189 

Other  recruits,  substitutes,  drafted  men,  and  transfers  from  other  regi- 
ments added  to  the  rolls  after  leaving  Albany- 
Total  enrollment      ........ 


S88 


1838 

Officers  and  men  killed  in  action  or  died  of  wounds  while  serving  in  this 

regiment    ...........     192 

Officers  and  men  who  died  of  disease  while  serving  in  this  regiment         .     120 

Officers  and  men  who  were  woimded  in  action  wihle  serving  in  this 

regiment    ...........     524 

Officers  and  men  who  were  captured  in  action  while  serving  in  this  regi- 
ment .         .         .         .         .  .         .         .  113 

Number  of  men  promoted  from  the  ranks  to  be  commissioned  Officers 

while  serving  in  this  regiment       .  .  .  .  .  .  -139 

Number  of  Officers  and  men  whose  honorable  discharge  from  this  regi- 
ment are  shown  by  accessible  records    .         .         .         .         .         -1372 

Known  deserters  from  this  regiment  .         .         .         .         .         .         •       iS 

Number  of  men  whose  official  records  are  necessarily  left  incomplete  in  this 
Roster  because  of  lack  of  further  official  or  other  information  relat- 
ing thereto  ..........     139 

ABBREVIATIONS   USED   HEREIN. 
A. — Age 
ac. — action 
Actg. — Acting 
Bat.— Battalion 
Batt.— Battery 
Brg. — Brigade 
cap. — Captured 
Capt. — Captain 
Cav. — Cavalry 
Co. — Company 
Com'd — Commissioned 

3SI 


352 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


Com.  Sgt.— Commissary  Sergeant 

Conv. — Convalescent 

Corp. — Corporal 

det. — Detached 

disch.— Discharged 

disch.  for  dis.— Discharged  honorably  for  disability 

Enr. — Enrolled 

Exp. — Expiration 

gall. — gallant 

H.  A.— Heavy  Artillery 

Hdqrs.— Headquarters 

Hosp. — Hospital 

Inf. — Infantry 

k.— Killed 

k.  in  ac— Killed  in  action 

L.   A.— Light  Artillery 

Lieut. — Lieutenant 

M    O.— Mustered  out  of  service  honorably 

Meri. — Meritorious 

Muse. — Musician 

Mil.— Militia 

P.  O.— Last  known  P.  O.  address 

Prior  Serv.— Prior  Service 

Prom. — Promoted  or  promotion 

Q    M    S.— Quartermaster  Sergeant 

ret. — returned 

Regt.— Regiment 

Re-cap.— Recaptured 

Serv. — Service 

Sgt. — Sergeant 

S.  O.— Special  Order 

S.  S.— Sharpshooters 

Sub.   Serv.— Subsequent   Service 

transf. — Transferred 

U    s.  v.— United  States  Volunteers 

Vet. — Veteran 

V. — Volunteer 

V.  R.  C.— Veteran  Reserve  Corps 

w. — Wounded 

w.  in  ac. — Wounded  in  action 

w   &  c— Wounded  and  captured 

Yrs. — Years 


REV.  McKENDREE  SHAW,  PH.D. 

Enlisted  on  formation  of  tlie  44th  Regiment  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  and  served 
with  it  imtil  December  1863.  when  he  was  appointed  hy  the  President, 
2d  Lientenant  of  colored  troops.  Was  afterwards  promoted  to  ist 
Lieutenant  and  Captain.  Received  his  final  discharge  on  Surgeon's  Cer- 
titicate  of  Disability,  in  February,  1866.  He  thus  gave  a  continuous 
service  in  the  War  of  four  years  and  six  months.  He  was  captured  at 
Bull  Run,  trying  to  help  his  tent-mate,  Stevens,  who  was  fatally 
wounded.  He  received  his  first  wound  at  Malvern  Hill.  It  was  a  gun 
shot  wound  in  the  left  breast,  fracturing  a  rib.  The  1)ullet  struck 
with  such  force  as  to  knock  him  down,  making  him  breathless  and 
unconscious.  It  cut  through  all  of  his  garments,  and  started  some 
blood,  but  failed  to  force  itself  inside.  He  was  reported  dead,  and  the 
Company  D  boys  greeted  him  on  finding  his  way  to  them  at  Harri- 
son's Landing,   as  one   risen  from  the  dead. 

He  was  next  wounded  while  in  the  colored  service.  It  was  in  the 
charge  on  Petersburg.  A  bullet  went  through  his  left  arm,  through 
the  shoulder,  shattering"  the  bone.  It  was  never  set,  and  has  troubled 
him  constantly  ever  since.  In  less  than  five  minutes  after  this  wound 
was  received,  he  was  shot  again,  through  the  neck,  the  bullet  going 
as  close  to  the  jugular  vein  as  it  could  without  tapping  it. 

Was  with  the  colored  troops  in  the  capture  of  Fort  Fisher,  and 
following  up  the  Cape  Fear  River,  when  they  took  Goldsborough, 
Wilmington  and  Raleigh,  and  met  Sherman's  men  as  they  came  down 
"marching  through  Georgia." 

Comrade  Shaw  participated  in  twenty-three  battles. 

He  had  the  honor  of  being  elected  Department  Chaplain,  State  of 
New  York,  G.  A.  R.  for  1904. 

Studied  in  Drew  Theo.  Sem.  two  years,  took  post-graduate  course 
4  years  in  Taylor  LTniversity,  is  now  (March.  1910)  in  the  44th  year 
of  his  ministry  in  the  Methodist  Church,  and  is  credited  with  having 
made  a  good  record. 


I     THE  KSV/  YC^:<     I 

j  PUBLIC  LII_ 


i  ASTOR,  LENOX 

.  nLDEN  FC"-^ ^N?. 


ROSTER 


ACKLEY,  S.  Harvey.— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs;  Corp.  Co.  C. 

Oct.  3,  '62;   Sgt.  Nov.  28,  '62;  transf.  to  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.   I. 

Oct.  10,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Infy.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O. 

Aug.  21,  '65 ;  died,  Nov.  25,  1904  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y. 
ADAMS,  Edgar.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  7,  '62,  3  yrs.;  Co.  C;  Corp.,  1863; 

w.  in  ac.  June  22,  '64,  North  Anna,  Va. ;   det.  Sharpshooter  Div. 

Hdqts.  Aug.  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64,  det. 

as  S.  S. ;  transf.  Co.  E.,  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65 ;  det.  as  S.  S. ; 

Sgt.  July  30,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65;  died  about  June  20,  1874  at 

Middlesex,  N.  Y. 
ADAMS,  James. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H;  disch.  for  dis. 

July  9,  '62.     [P.  O.  South  Britain,  Conn.] 
ADAMS,  John  Q. — A.  19,  Enr.  Feb.  4,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I ;  no  record  since 

April  28,  '64. 
ADAMS,  William  J. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  7,  '62,  3  yrs.   Co.  C;  transf. 

33d  Co.  2d  Bat.  V.  R.  C.  Oct.  25,  '63;  M.  O.  June  29,  '65.   [P.  O. 

Mason,  Mich.] 
ADAMS,  William  R.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Sept.  7,  '63 ;  died,  June  28,  1893. 
ADSIT,  Allen  C— A.  24,  Enr.   Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  Sept.  28.  '61 ;  Sgt.  Dec.  29,  '62 ;  First  Lieut.  Feb.  9,  '63 ;  M.  O. 

Aug.  6,  '63.     [P.  O.  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.] 
ADSIT,  Henry  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern   Hill,  Va. ;   Corp.  July  8,  '63;    Sgt.    Nov.  23, 

'63;  w.  in  ac.  June  19,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64.     [P.  O.  Bradford,  Pa.] 
AIKENS,  John. — A.   19,   Enr.   Sept.   10,   '61,   3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.  Va.  as  John  Hagens ;   also  borne  as 

Higgins. 
AKER,  George.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64.    [P.  O.  Homecase,  Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.] 
ALBRECHT,  Moretz.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  Mch.  31,  '65;  paroled; 

M.  O.  June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Nat.  Soldiers  Home,  Va.] 
ALDRICH,  Elias  H.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B;  disch.  for 

dis.  Nov.  30,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
ALLEN,  Campbell.— A.  31,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Capt.  Sept. 

S,  '61;  det.,   Prov.  Marshal  5  Army  Corps  1862-3;  Com'd.  Major 

Aug.   27,  '63;   not  mustered;   rejoined  regt.   May   18,  '64;   M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  64;  died,  Oct.  6,  1877  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  of  con- 
gestion of  the  brain. 

353 


354       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

ALLEN,  George  P. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B ;  Sgt.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  died  of  typhoid  fever  April  10,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 
ALLEN,  William  W. — A.  22,  Enr.  Feb.  27,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64  at  Wilderness,  Va.;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  A.  14Q  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  10,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  5  N.  Y.  V.  L 

June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65;  died  . 

ALLEN,  William  B. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
AMES,  Nelson. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Oct.  3,  '62 — Sub.  Serv.  Enr.  Dec.  15,  '63,  24  N.  J.  Cav.,  3  yrs.  Co. 

F. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Aug.  12,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va. 
ANDERSON,  Archibald.— A.   28,   Enr.   Aug.   28,   '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   B. ; 

Corp.  Jan.   i,  '63;  Sgt.  Dec.  —  '63;  M.  O.  virith  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

died  May  25,   1882. 
ANGELL,  William  S. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Wagoner 

at  Conv.  Camp,  Dec.  '62  to  April  '64;  transf.  24  V.  R.  C.  March 

15,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  4,  '64.    [P.  O.  Portis,  Kan.] 
ANGERBINE,  James  P.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
ANGUS,  Walter.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  Corp.  Jan. 

S>  '63;  Sgt.  Feb.  I,  '63;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  23,  '64;  cap.  in 

ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va.,  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam 

Sta.,   Va. ;   k.   in  ac.  June  21,  '64,  near   Petersburg,   Va. ;   Com'd. 

Second  Lieut.  Oct.  9,  '63,  but  not  mustered. 
ANTHES,  Jacob  W. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;   Second 

Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '61 ;  First  Lieut.  June  i,  '62 ;  cap.  in  ac.  June  28,  '62 

at  Savage  Sta.,  Va. ;  paroled,  Sept.  11,  '62;  transf.  Co.  A.  Oct.  26, 

'62;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  i,  '62;  sub.  serv.  as  Ca,pt.  Co.  G.,  18  N.  Y. 

Cav.  V.  Oct.  I.  '63;  dismissed,  Nov.  i,  '64. 
ANTHONY,  Jay  M.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A  ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64. 

[P.  O.  Mayfield,  N.  Y.]     Died,  Dec.  21,  '09. 
ARCHER,  Joseph. — A.  19,  Enr.  March  7,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.   A.;  transf. 

Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

transf.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 

[P.  O.  Cleveland,  Ohio.] 
ARNOLD,  Ansung  W. — A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch. 

for  dis.,  May  4,  '62. 
ARNOLD,  Frank.— A.   18,  Enr.  Feb.  27,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.   B.;  deserted 

March  18,  '64  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
ARNOLD,  George  W. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64. 
ARNOLD,  George  W. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  wagoner 

Sept.  — ,  '61 ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  1 1,  '64,  as  George  H. 
ARVIN,  George. — A.  35,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch  for 

dis.  July  15,  '62;  sub.  serv.  in  Co.  H.  2d  N.  Y.  Cav.  Aug.  25,  '63,  to 

Dec.  22,  '64,  when  he  was  drowned  on  U.   S.  Transport,  "North 

America." 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      355 

ASELTINE,  Thomas.— A.  19,  Enr.  March  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  transf. 

Co.  D.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65;  also  borne 

as  Azeltine. 
ASHER,  Jacob  H.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  left  in  hos- 
pital at  Albany,  Oct.  21,  '61;  disch.  to  date  June  30,  '62.   [P.  O. 

Rhinebeck,  N.  Y.] 
ATKINSON,  Charles.— Private,  25  N.  Y.  V.   I.;   disch.   for  dis.  July 

18,  '62,  at  Conv.   Camp,  Va. ;  name  erroneously  transf.  to  Co.   K. 

this  regt.  Sept.   12,  '63. 
AUSTED,  John. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  no  record 

after  May,  1862  in  hosp.  N.  Y.  City;  also  borne  as  Anstatt. 
AXTELL,  John.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  27,  '62 ;  subs.  serv.  Enr.  i  N.  Y-  Vet.  Cav.  3  yrs.  July  27, 

'63;  Com.  Sgt.  Co.  H.  Oct.  10,  '63;  Q.  M.   Sgt.,  no  date;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  July  20,  '65.     [P.  O.  Fleming,  Ga.] 
AYER,  Arthur  J.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  2,  '63  at  Baltimore,  Md.     [P.  O.  Centreville,  So.  Dak.] 
BABCOCK,  Buell.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  3,  '61. 
BABCOCK,  Chapin.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  3,  '63; 

died  Oct.  16,  '92,  at  Eden,  N.  Y. 
BABCOCK,  Elisha.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  Corp.  Feb.  i,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11.  '64.     [P.  O.  Wash- 
ington, D.  C] 
BACE,  Benjamin. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H. ;  died  of  wounds  May  28,  '62,  at  Hanover 

C.  H.,  Va. 
BACKMAN.  Barney. — A.   19,  Enr.   Sept.  2,  '64,  i   yr.  Co.   B. ;  transf. 

Co.  E.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
BACKUS,   Philo  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  C. ;  Corp. 

Jan.  17,  '63;  transf.  Co.  I.  12  Reg.  Vet.  R.  C,  Feb.  i,  '64;  died . 

BADGLEY,  Samuel  D. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  Oct.  5,  '61 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
BAIN,  James. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac.  Dec. 

13,    '62,    Fredericksburg,    Va. ;    no    record    after    Aug.    28,    '63,    at 

Beverly    Ford,    Va. 
BAINE,  William  I. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  cap.  in  aa 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mill,  Va. ;  paroled;  disch.  for  dis.  March  18, 

'63,  at  Point  Lookout,  Md. 
BAKER,  Anthony.— Private  Co.  I,  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  June  25,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  Corp. 

March  i,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.   Co. 

A.    Sept.  23,  '64;    transf.   Co.  E,   146   N.    Y.   V.   I.   Oct.    10,  '64; 

disch.  for  dis.  July  13,  '65. 
BAKER,  Edward. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 


356       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

BAKER,  George. — A.   19,  Enr.   Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  k.   in  ac. 

June  I,  '64,  Bethesda  Church,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  George  W. 
BAKER,  Kingsley. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  Corp.  May  25,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

died,  . 

BAKER,  William  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  3,  '61. 
BALDWIN,  Leroy  E.— A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  D.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  Feb.  21,  '64,  for  prom.  Capt.  30  U. 

S.  C.  Inf.  July  18,  '65.     Brevet  Maj.  March  13,  '65. 
BALDWIN,  Lewis  M.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  died  May 

27,  '62,  City  Hosp.,  N.  Y.  City. 
BALL,  George. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  disch.  for  dis 

April  24,  '62. 
BALLARD,  Henry  B.— A.   18,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B.;  transf. 

Co.  B.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
BALLARD,  Lemuel. — A.   18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.   Co.   C. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
BALLOU,  Charles  F. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf. 

Co.  I.  Oct.  4,  '61 ;  cap.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62 ;  exchanged ;  Corp.  Jan. 

I,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec. 

21,  '63,  at  Harrisburg,  Pa.    [P.  O.  Austin,  Pa.] 
BANCROFT,  Ira  J.— Private  Co.  E.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill, 

Va. ;  paroled  Sept.  24,  '64;  M.  O.  Aug.  il,  '65. 
BANCROFT,  Joel  B.— A.  28,  Enr.  Jan.  5,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  w.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  G.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64. 
BANNER,  Daniel. — A.   19,  Enr.  Jan.  6,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.   D. ;   w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.   Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

to  Co.  D.,  146  N.  Y  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65.    [P.  O. 

Bainbridge,  N.  Y.] 
BARBEE,  John. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.   Co. 

E.,  146  N.  Y  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64. 
BARNABY,  Gorman  L— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64.     [P.  O.  Mason,  Mich.] 
BARNABY,  John  E.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 

Nov.  27,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  disch.  Jan.  12, 

'64,  for  prom. ;  Capt.  20  U.  S.  C.  Inf. ;  resigned  May  2,  '65. 

[P.  O.  Masonville,  N.  Y.] 
BARNARD,  George  A. — A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mill,  Va. ;  paroled ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Nov.  29,  '62. 
BARNES,  Addison. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64.    [P. 

O.  Brainard,  N.  Y.] ;  died  about  1908. 
BARNES,  Henry  D.— A.  22,  Enr.   Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  transf. 

Co.  E.,  6  Regt.  V.  R.  C.  Sept.  4,  '63;  Corp.  no  date;  disch.  Oct. 

5,  '64  as  Harvey  D.    [P.  O.  North  Rose,  N.  Y.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      357 

BARNEY,  Joseph. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65.    [P.  O.  New 

London,  la.] 
BARRELL,  Charles  L. — A.  24,  Enr.   Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;   w. 

in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H. ;  no  record  after  Sept.  17,  '64,  in 

hosp.,  Albany,   N.   Y. ;   also  borne  as   Berrell.     [P.   O.   Savannah, 

N.  Y.] 
BARREN,  James. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct. 

3,  '62;  ret'd  to  ranks  Dec.  24,  '62;  no  record  after  May  6,  '64,  at 

Wilderness,  Va. 
BARRICK,  John  L.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  died  of 

disease  Nov.  26,  '62,  Columbia  College  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. ; 

also  borne  as  John  C. 
BARRICK,  Thompson. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  25,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  disch.  March 

26,  '64,  for  prom. ;  Capt.  39  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  ;  disch.  Oct.  17, 

'64.     [P.  O.  East  Varick,  N.  Y.] 

BARRINGER,  Allen.— A.  29,  Enr.  Jan.  4,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  w.  in  ac. 

May  II,  '64,  Spottsylvania  C.  H.,  Va. ;  no  further  record. 
BARRINGTON,  John.— A.  34,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  transf. 

Co.  D.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64. 
BARTLETT,  William.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Oct.  3,  '62,  at  Sharpsburg,  Md. 
BASSETT,  Dewitt  C. — A.   19,  Enr.  Aug.  3,  '62,  3  yrs.   Co.   C. ;   cap. 

Nov.  17,  '62;  paroled;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  28,  '62.  Sub.  serv. 

re-enlisted  in  Co.  G.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  Arty.  Dec.  14,  '63,  3  yrs.;  cap., 

sick  May  10,  '64;  in  rebel  prisons  9^  months  and  paroled;  M.  O. 

June  17,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Woonsocket,  S.  Dak.] 
BATES,  Charles  H.— A.   18,  Enr.  Sept.   17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  trahsf. 

Co.  D.  Nov.  9,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  I.  Dec.  i,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  March 

18,  '64;  died,  Jan.  23,  1910  at  S.  &  S.  Home,  Bath,  N.  Y. ;  buried 

in  New  York  City. 
BAXTER,  George  N.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Masonville,  N.  Y.] 
BAXTER,  Oliver. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  disch.  for 

dis.  Aug.  30,  '62,  at  Fort  McHenry,  Md.     [P.  O.  Masonville,  N.  Y.] 
BEACH,  William  P. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;   M.   O.  with  Co.  Oct.   11,  '64  at 

Albany,  N.  Y. 
BEAL,  Chauncey  H. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.   14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in 

ac.  Dec.  15,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel 

Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta. ;  k.  in  ac.  June  3, 

'64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. 
BEAMS,  Charles  A. — A.  35,   Enr.  June  6.  '64,  3  yrs.   Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  D.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  V.  R.  C.  March  22,  '65. 
BECKER,  Christopher  R. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Sept.  II,  '61;  2d  Lieut.  Oct.  8,  '61;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  June 

27,  '62,  Gaines  Mill,  Va. ;  paroled;   Capt.   Sept.   i,  '62;   disch.  for 


358       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

dis.   Dec.    i8,  '62;   died,  May  3,   1902  of  heart  disease  at   Albany, 

N.  Y. 
BECKER,  Peter  A.— Private  Co.  G.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  28,  '63 ;  transf.  to  V.  R.  C.  Oct.  29,  '63 ;  also  borne  as 

Albert  G. 
BECKWITH,  George  G.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 

July  — ,  '63;  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Feb.  23,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64, 

Cold  Harbor,  Va.;  Sgt.  July  27,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64; 

transf.  to  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  Nov.  2,  '64. 
BECSEE,  Albert  G. — Age,   date  and  place  of  enrollment  not  known ; 

absent,  sick,  from  July  — ,  '63  to  Feb.  — ,  '64 ;  also  borne  as  Bissen. 
BEDFORD,  John.— A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.   for 

dis.  Nov.  30,  '61  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
BEEMAN,  Elam  C— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Sgt.  Aug. 

8,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  i,  '61  at  Canandaigua,  N.  Y. 
BEERS,  Peter. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  det.  serv.  with 

Griffin's  Batt.  U.  S.  Art.  Jan.  8,  '62;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettys- 
burg, Pa. 
BEERS,  William  H.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  absent 

without  leave  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va.,  Feb.  10,  '62;  returned  and  transf. 

to  Co.  E.,  121  N.  Y.  V.  I.  July  12,  '65 ;  transf.  to  Co.  E.,  65  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  June  24,  '65 ;  M.  O.  July  17,  '65. 
BELCHER,  Albert  H.— A.   19,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  died 

of  disease  Nov.  20,  '61  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Adelbert  C. 
BELLINGER.  Charles  J.— A.   18,  Enr.  March  29,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ; 

transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10, 

'64;  M.  O.  April  13,  '65;  also  borne  as  Billinger.    [P.  O.  Tonawanda, 

N.  Y.] 
BEMISTER,  Alfred.— Private,  Co.  A.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co 

F.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co. 

H.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  23,  '64.    [P.  O.  May- 

nard,  N.  Y.] 
BENDER,  Jacob. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  L;  w.  and  mis. 

in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  returned,  no  date ;  reported 

k.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
BENDON,  James.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  D., 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  April  i,  '65,  Five  Forks,  Va. ; 

died  of  wounds  April  6,  '65  at  City  Point,  Va. 
BENNETT,   Edward.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,   '61.  3  yrs.   Co.  A.;   Corp. 

Aug.  30,  '61 ;  Regt.  Com.  Sgt.,  May  i,  '62 ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec. 

28,  '63;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  A.  April  22,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel 

Hill,   Va.,   re-cap.    May  9,  '64,   Beaver   Dam   Sta.,   Va. ;    w.   in   ac. 

Sept.  30,  '64,   Poplar   Springs   Church;    M.   O.   Oct.    11,   '64.     Sub. 

serv.   1st  Lieut.   Co.   D.,   146   N.   Y.  V.   I.;   M.   O.  with   Co.   July 

16,  '65.     [P.  O.  Waseca,  Minn.] 
BENNETT,  Edward.— A.  28,  Enr.  Oct.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;   w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,   Groveton, 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      359 

Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  22,  '64,  North  Anna  River,  Va. ;   M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64. 
BENNET,  Ferdinand. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled,  no  date;  w.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill, 

Va.,  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ;  k.  in  ac.  June  3, 

'64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. 
BENSON,  Egbert  H. — A.   19,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Jan.  9,  '62.     [P.  O.  c/o  Jas.  V.  N.  Benson,  Dover  Plains, 

N.   v.] 
BERLEE,  Christian. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co. 

E.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
BEST,  Nelson. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  P.;  w.  in  ac.  Dec. 

13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  16,  '62. 
BE  VIER,  Isaac. — A  19,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in.  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  w^.  in  ac.  June 

3.  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64.     [P.  O.  693 

Macon  St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.] 
BIGGAM,  Andrew  S. — A.  40,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
BISHOP,  Henry  N. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Dec.  20,  '61  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
BISSELL,  Elias  L — A.  27,  Enr.   Sept.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.;  Asst.  Surgeon; 

M.  O.  Nov.  19,  '62,  for  prom. ;  Surgeon  22  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Nov.  20,  '62 ; 

M.   O.   with   regt.   June   19,   '63  at   Albany,    N.   Y. ;   also  borne  as 

Charles  S. ;  died,  Nov.  i,  1905  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
BLACKMAN,  Esau.— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64  as  Blackmer. 
BLACKMAN,   George  L. — A.   19,  Enr.    Aug.   30,   '62,  3   yrs.   Co.   B. ; 

Corp.  Jan.  i,  '64;  k.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne 

as  Blackmer. 
BLACKMAN,  Isaac  B.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  20,  '61,  Sgt.  Nov.  29,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg, 

Pa. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  13, 

'64    at    West    Philadelphia,    Pa.      [P.    O.    210   Tryon    PI.,    Buffalo, 

N.  Y.] 
BLACKMAR,  Jacob. — A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30.  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  19.  '62  as  Blackmer. 
BLACKMER,  George.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
BLAIR,   Charles  Hartson. — A.  23,  Enr.   Sept.   15,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   H. ; 

w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62, 

2d  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  Corp.  Sept.  4,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettys- 
burg, Pa.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64.     [P.  O.  Dayton,  N.  Y.] 
BLAIR,  John  A. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19.  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  E. ;   disch.  for 

dis.  Aug.   13,   '62  at  Annapolis,   Md. 


36o       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

BLAKELY,  James  O. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  25,  '62;  Sgt.  Dec.  30,  '62;  disch.  Dec.  8,  '63  for  prom.; — ist 

Lieut.  19  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Dec.  20,  '63;  Capt.  Nov.  19,  '64;  M.  O.  with 

regt.  June  15,  'dy  [P.  O.,  258  No.  Union  Ave.,  Los  Angeles,  Calif.] 
BLANCHARD,  William  H.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.; 

transf.  to  Co.  K.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 

[P.   O.  Lisbon,  N.   Dak.] 
BLAISDELL,  Herman  M. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ; 

Corp.  Sept.  20,  '61;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch. 

for  wounds  July  18,  '62  at  Washington,  D.  C.    [P.  O.  North  Collins, 

N.  Y] 
BLEEKER,  Charles  H. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  11,  '64;  Corp.  Aug. 

9,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar 

Grove  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  to  Co.  F.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  li,  '64; 

transf.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 

vet.     [P.  O.  New  Paltz,  N.  Y.] 
BLISS,  Moses  H. — A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp.  Aug. 

25,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  Nov.  29,  '63,  Mine  Run,  Va. ;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8, 

'64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.   May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [lived  after  the  war 

at  Pasadena,  Calif.] ;   died  about   1905. 
BLOCK,  William. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '63,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co. 

I.  Oct.  4,  '61;  w.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64  at  Albany, 

N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Springville,  N.  Y.] 
BLY,  James  M. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  cap.  in  ac. 

Aug.  21,  '64,  near  Weldon  Railroad,  Va. ;  paroled  Feb.  27,  '65  at 

Wilmington,  N.  C;  M.  O.  April  8,  '65  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O. 

Shelton,  Buffalo  Co.,  Neb.] 
BOARDMAN,  James  H.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  died 

of  typhoid  fever,  April  28,  '62,  at  hosp.,  Annapolis,  Md. 
BOGART,   John   A. — Age,   date   and  place   of  enlistment   and  muster 

as  Corp.  not  stated;  disch.  for  prom. — ist.  Lieut.  Co.  B.,  127  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Sept.  22,  '62  as  John  A.  Bogert;  Capt.  Co.  H.  May  1,  '63; 

disch.  Feb.  2-^,  '65  for  prom. ;  Lieut.  Col.  103  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Feb.  4, 

'65 ;  disch.  April  20,  '66.     Prior  serv. ;  Enr.  Priv.  2  yrs.  9  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

April  23,  '61 ;  Corp.  Co.  B.  May  4,  '61 ;  disch.  Aug.  31,  '62  for  prom. 
BOGLE,  Clause. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  — , 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  no  further  record. 
BOMAS,  James  W. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  Corp.  Dec. 

5,  '61;  Sgt.  Apr.  23,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va.; 

1st  Sgt.  Jan.  I,  '63;  Sgt.  Maj.  April  16,  '63;  returned  to  ranks  and 

transf.  Co.  I.  Feb.  i,  '64;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  8,  '64;  cap.  in 

ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  no  further  record ;  com'd  2d  Lieut. 

and  1st  Lieut.  Aug.  18,  '63,  but  not  mustered. 
BOND,  Walter  D. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  no  record 

after  Sept.  1861  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 


ROBERT    F.    SHIPLEY. 

Was  born  at  Williamson,  N.  Y..  May  8.  1838,  and  enlisted  in  Co.  C, 
44th  Reg..  New  York  Vol.  Inf.  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  14,  1862.  He 
also  served  in  Co.  A,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  and  was  honorably  discharged 
as  1st  Sergeant  from  Co.  I,  5th  Reg.  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.,  Aug.  21,  1865. 

He  participated  in  the  following:  Fredericksburg,  Chancellorsville, 
Gettysburg,  Wapping  Heights,  Rappahannock  Station,  Aline  Run, 
Wilderness,  Laurel  Hill.  Spottsylvania,  Xorth  Anna,  Bethesda  Church, 
Petersburg,  Weldon  R.  R.  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Hatchers  Run,  White 
Oak  Road,  Five  Forks,  Appomattox.  At  the  battle  of  Five  Forks,  for 
capturing  a  stand  of  colors  from  the  Ninth  Virginia  Infantry,  he  was 
awarded  the  "Medal  of  Honor."  His  death  occurred  at  Mendota,  111., 
April  29,  1903. 


■■OBIIC  Li: 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      361 

BOOTH,  John.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

25,  '61 ;  ret.  to  ranks  Jan.  '62 ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines 
Mills,  Va. ;  paroled;  died  of  wounds  Nov.  4,  '62  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

BORDEN,  William  J.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  w.  in  ac. 

June   27,  '62,    Gaines   Mills,    Va. ;   disch.    for   prom. — 2d  Lieut.   46 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Feb.  28,  '63;  com'd,  not  mustered,  no  vacancy;  disch. 

May  9,  '63. 
BORTLE,  Remington.— A.   19,  Enr.  Oct.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Corp. 

May  '62;   disch.   for  prom. — 2d  Lieut.  Co.  B.  15  N.  Y.  Art.  Feb. 

26,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  and  F. ;  M.  O.  Jan.  27,  '65;  com'd  ist  Lieut, 
not  mustered. 

BOSS,  Edward  P. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

June  27,   '62,   Gaines    Mills,   Va. ;   disch.   for   dis.    Feb.  28,   '63   at 

Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  also  borne  as  Edward  W.,  and  Edward  B.     [P. 

O.  Cuba,  N.  Y.] 
BOTCHFORD,  Henry  J.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  Sgt. 

Sept.  26,  '61;   1st  Sgt.  April  23,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  Dec.  27,  '62;   ist 

Lieut.  Co.  D.  Aug.  31,  '63;  acting  Adjt.  and  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64. 
BOURNE,  William  R.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  and  ist  Sgt.  Sept.  5,  '61;  2d.  Lieut.  May  14,  '62;  ist  Lieut. 

Dec.  18,  '62;  acting  Adjt.  Dec.  13-16,  '62;  Capt.  Jan.  11,  '63;  thrice 

w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds  Oct. 

9,  '63.     Sub.  serv.,  Capt.  U.  S.  V.  R.  Corps,  Oct.  30,  '63;  2d  Lieut. 

U.   S.  A.  July  28,  '66;   Brevet  ist  Lieut.  U.   S.   A.  March  2,  '67, 

"for  gall,  and  meri.  serv.  in  battle  of  Gettysburg;"  Brevet  Major 

U.  S.  V.  March  13,  '65,  "for  gall,  and  meri.  serv.  during  the  war;" 

1st  Lieut.  U.  S.  A.  Sept.  10,  '68;  Capt.  U.  S.  A.  and  retired  Dec. 

15,  '70;   Major  U.   S.  A.  April  23,  '1904;  Mil.   Asst.  to   Surg,   in 

chg.  of  Armory  Square  U.  S.  Gen'l  Hosp.  Washington,  D.  C.  Nov. 

'63  to  Sept.,  '65;   comd.  bat.    (3  Co.'s)   3d  U.  S.  V.  R.  Corps  at 

Wheeling,  W.  Va. ;  served  with  his  regt.  (42  U.  S.  Inf.)  at  Platts- 

burg  and  Sacketts  Harbor,  N.  Y.  and  Fort  Gibson,  Ind.  Ter.,  1868; 

det,  in  charge   of   Green   Bay,  Wis.   Indian   Agency  until  retired. 

Died  Oct.  17,  1910,  at  his  home,  Shell  Lake,  Wis. 
BOWEN,  Charles  D. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp. 

Oct.  3,  '62;  Sgt.  Oct.  5,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died  June 

4,  1893  at  Colorado  Springs,  Colo. 
BOWEN,  Menzo  W.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
BOWERS,  Harmon. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  transf.  Co. 

A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  cap. 

and  paroled;  M.  O.  June  5,  '65  as  Herman  Bower.     [P.  O.  Police 

Captain,  133  Western  Ave.,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 
BOWER,  Jacob.— A.  36,  Enr.  Aug.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  E., 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.   O.  May  29,  '65;  also  borne  as 

Bowers. 


362       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

BOYD,  George  S.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Sgt.  Sept. 
23,  '61;  ret.  to  ranks  Oct.  25,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64  at 
Albany,  N.  Y. 

BOYD,  James. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  D.,  140 
N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C,  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3, 
'65 ;  Corp.  Aug.  5,  '65 ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65  at  Harts  Island, 
N.  Y. 

BOYNTON,  Walworth  W.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ; 
w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  Corp.  Feb.  24,  '64;  k.  in 
ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 

BOYNTON,  William  W.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.; 
w.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Mal- 
vern Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  wounds  Nov.  29,  '62  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

BRACKETT,  John  A.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp. 
Aug.  15,  '62;  transf.  Co.  H.  Oct.  26,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63;  died 
of  wounds  July  7,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  also  borne  as  John  A. 
Bracker. 

BRADFORD,  Charles.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Corp. 
Sept.  25,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  April  25,  '62 ;  also  borne  as  Charles 
H. 

BRADT,  John  R.— Private  Co.  A.,  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 
this  regt.  June  25,  '63 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Aug.  28,  '63  at  Washington, 
D.  C. 

BRADT,  Van  Zandt. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  22,,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  cap.  in 
ac.  June  2j,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64, 
Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died . 

BRAD  WAY,  Gilbert  T.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  no 
record  after  May  10,  '62  at  Yorktown,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Broad- 
way.   Died  — • — . 

BRAGG,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 
Sept.  17,  '62,  Antietam,  Md. ;  transf.  Co.  I.  Oct.  26,  '62;  transf.  Co. 
.  A.  13  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Aug.  14,  '63 ;  M.  O.  Nov.  17,  '65  at  Galloups 
Island,  Boston  Harbor. 

BRANDLE,  Joseph. — A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 
July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton, 
Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Sept.  10,  '62,  at  Ebenezer  Hosp.,  Washington, 
D.   C. 

BRAYTON,  Erastus  C— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in 
ac.  July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  Corp.  July  10,  '62 ;  Sgt.  Jan.  10, 
'63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.    Died  about  1906. 

BRAYTON,  George  F.— A.  31,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Sgt. 
Dec.  15,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Aug.  i,  '62,  at  hosp.,  Annapolis,  Md. 

BRAYTON,  Harrison. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  transf. 
Vet.  Res.  Corps.,  Dec.  16,  '63.     [P.  O.  Kasson,  Minn.] 

BRAYTON,  John. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  cap.  in  ac. 
June  29,  '62,  Savage  Sta.,  Va. ;  paroled;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  i,  '62, 
at  Mt.  Pleasant  hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Hartford,  N.  Y.J 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      363 

BRAZIER,  Samuel  F.— Private  Co.  B.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  A. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65;  borne  also  as  Samuel 

Brasier. 
BREHL,  Henry.— Private  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  A.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  died  of 

wounds  Aug.  i,  '63,  at  York,  Pa. 
BRENNAN,  James  F.— A.  40,  Enr.   Feb.   15,  '64,  3  yrs.   Co.   F. ;   no 

record  after  Mch.  10,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
BREWER,  Homer.— A.   19,   Enr.   Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   G.;  Corp. 

Sept.  25,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  28,  '63.     Prior  serv.  in  71   N.  Y. 

Militia;  died  Jan.  3,  '09,  at  S.  and  S.  Home,  Los  Angeles,  Cal. 
BRIDGEFORD,  William  W.— A.  17,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.; 

mus.  Aug.,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  June  6,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.   146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

M.   O.  June  3,  '65,  near  Alexandria,  Va.     [P.   O.   Chief  of  Fire 

Dept.,   City  Bldg.,   Albany,    N.   Y.] 
BRIER,  Casper. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  146  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  no  further  record. 
BRONSON,  David  H.— Private  Co.  H.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  D. 

this  regt.  June  23,  '63;  dropped  Aug.  23,  '64;  no  further  record. 
BROOKS,  Joel  T. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

20,  '61 ;  cap.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  paroled  Sept.  2,  '63 ; 

Sgt.  June  6,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
BROOKS,  Seward. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;   died  of  wounds  June  ,  '62, 

at  Halls  HilL  Va. 
BROWN,  Charles  F.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
BROWN,  James.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  E. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64,  as  Julius;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
BROWN,  James. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

30,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  June  27,   '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  disch.   for  dis. 

Dec.  29,  '62,  at  hosp.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
BROWN,  James  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  and  mis'g 

in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  no  further  record. 
BROWN,  John  D.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Apr.  II,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
BROWN,  Major.- A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  transf.  Co.  B. 

Oct.  26,  '62;  M.  O.  with  company  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

[P.  O.  St.  Johnsville,  N.  Y.] 
BROWN,  Orsel  C. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  re-enl.  as 

a  vet.  Feb.  23,  '64;  Sgt.  no  date;  transf.  Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  H.  140  N.  Y  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  Q.  M.  Sgt.  Oct.  6,  '64;  transf. 

5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65 ;  com'd    2d  Lieut.  Dec.    13,  '64,  not 

mustered;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65. 
BROWN,  Samuel  C. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  misg.  in 

ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  returned;  M.  O.  with.  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 


364       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

BROWN,  Seneca  D. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;   Corp. 

May  25,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  [P.  O.  209  W.  56th  St.. 

New  York,  N.  Y.] 
BROWN,  William. — A.  19,  Enr.  Mch.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  no  record 

after  May  5,  '64,  at  the  Wilderness,  Va. 
BROWN,  William  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  mis'g 

in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  returned;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  1314  Hunting  Park,  Philadelphia, 

Pa.] 
BROWNELL,  Abel.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disc,  for 

disability,   Oct.  8,  '61. 
BRUNK,  Daniel  W.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  Jan. 

26,  '62,  at  Fahmouth,  Va.,  to  enlist  in  regular  U.  S.  Army,  as  Bronk. 

[P.  O.  Manchester,  N.  Y] 
BRYANT,  Henry  T.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  3,  '62 ;  also  borne 

as  Henry  D. 
BUCHANAN,  Robert  F.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  6,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  Sgt.  Feb. 

24,  '63;    Sgt.-Maj.   Feb.   i,  '64;   M.   O.  with   Co.   Oct.   11,   '64,  at 

Albany,  N.  Y.  Prior  serv.  in  Co.  B.  10  N.  Y.  Militia,  June 

and  July,  1861,  at  Albany  Barracks. 
BUCK,  Halsey  D. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  2nd  Bull  Run, 

Va.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
BUCKLEY,  Benjamin  F. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  May  14,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Rowley,  la.] 
BUCKLEY,  Patrick  A.— Private  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co. 

A.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co. 

H.,   140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65  at 

Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Pembroke,  N.  Y.] 
BUMP,  George.— A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  George  R.     [P.  O. 

Delevan,  N.  Y.] 
BURCH,  William.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  7,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  E. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  and  paroled;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65, 

near  Alexandria,  Va. 
BURDICK,  Henry  D.— A.  28,   Enr.   Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   D.;  2nd 

Lieut.  Aug.  30,  '61 ;  disch.  Aug.  14,  '62.     [P.  O.  Lincklaen  Centre, 

N.  Y.] 
BURDICK,  John.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  30,  '63,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
BURFITT,  Charles  E.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  w.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern 

Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  27,  '62,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  as  Edward 

Burfit.     [P.  O.  Pittsfield,  Mass.] 
BURGESS,  Lafayette  L.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  Corp.  March  6,  '65;  M.  O.  with 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      365 

Co.  June  3,  '65,  near  Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Onondaga  Valley, 

N.  Y.] 
BURHANS,  Charles  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  no 

record  after  Oct.  i,  '61,  at  exp.  of  furlough. 
BURHANS,  Henry  N.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  June 

28,  '62;  transf.  Co.  H.  Oct.  26,  '62;  disch.  for  wounds  Oct.  27,  '62, 

at  Philadelphia,   Pa. ;   died  at   Soldiers'  home,  Leavenworth, 

Kan. 
BURKE,  James  H. — A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  mus'n  Sept. 

25,  '62;  private  Oct.  26,  '62;   transf.  Co.  K.  9th  Vet.  Res.   Corps 

March  15,  '64;  M.  O.  July  3,  '65,  Washington,  D.  C. 
BURKE,  John.— A.  20,  Enr.  March  12,  '64,  at  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs. 

Co.  E. ;  deserted  March  29,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
BURKE,  John.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs.  Co. 

F. ;  Corp.  Jan.  5,  '62 ;  k.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 
BURKE,  Marcus  D. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  Corp.  Feb.  i,  '63;  Sgt.  July  i,  '64; 

M.    O.   with   Co.    Oct.    II,   '64,   at    Albany,    N.    Y. ;    borne   also   as 

Marcus  B.  and  S. 
BURKE,  Marshall  B.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch. 

Sept.  7,  '62,  for  prom. ;  2nd  Lieut.  138  N.  Y.  V.  L ;  ist  Lieut.  9  N. 

Y.  H.  A.  Feb.  11,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  July  9,  '64;  Capt.  Oct.  9,  '64;  M.  O. 

July  5,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
BURLINGHAM,  Daniel  A.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   B.; 

Corp.  Sept.  20,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  3,  '63,  at  hosp.  Philadelphia, 

Pa. 
BURNETT,  James.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  died  of 

fever  Jan.  29,  '63,  at  Windmill  Point,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  James  F. 
BURNETT,  James  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  Oct.  20,  '61 ;   Sgt.  Nov.  29,  '62 ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  May  8, 

'64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled  Aug.  12,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11, 

'64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Wakefield,  Kan.] 
BURNHAM,  Ashbell  W.— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  Sgt. 

Sept.  5,  '61 ;   w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,   Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;   disch.  for 

wounds,  Jan.  6,  '63,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  borne  also  as  Aswill. 
BURNHAM,  Dyer  F.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

Jan.  II,  '63;  ret.  to  ranks  July  22,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  6  Vet.  Res. 

Corps  Jan.  15,  '64;  Corp.  Sept.,  '64;  Sgt.  Oct.,  '64;  M.  O.  July  6,  '65, 

Cincinnati,  Ohio. 
BURNHAM,  Leander  T.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  k.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
BURNS,  Charles  A.— A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  cap.  in  ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled,   Sept..  '62,  at  Belle  Isle, 

Va. ;  det.  to  Batt.  K.,  U.  S.  Arty.  Oct.  '62  to  April,  '64 ;  transf.  Co. 

K.  12  Vet.  Res.  Corps  April  28,  '64;  disch.  Sept.  i,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. ;  died . 

BURNS,  John.— A.  19,  Enr.  at  Malone,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  5,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B.; 
transf.  Co.  E.  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 


366       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

BURNS,  John. — A.  25,  Enr.  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co. 

B. ;  det.  to  Batt.  D.,  5  U.  S.  Arty.  Jan.,  '62  to  Aug.,  '64 ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64    at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
BURNS,  Martin.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Sgt.  Aug.  30, 

'61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  April  19,  '62  at  Yorktown,  Va.     [P.  O.  Lancaster, 

Neb.] 
BURNS,    Michael.— A.    18,    Enr.    Sept.    i,   '64,    i   yr.    Co.    E. ;    transf. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
BURNS,  Robert  C. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac, 

July  2,  '63 ;   died  of  wounds  July  16,  '63  at  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
BURROUGHS,  Sidney  W.— A.   19,  Enr.  Aug.   18,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.; 

w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64;  died  of  wounds  May  7,  '64  at  Wilderness,  Va. ; 

commission  as  2d  Lieut.  31  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Aug.  9,  '64,  received  by  his 

commanding  officer  after  the  soldier's  death. 
BURTLESS,  Mahlon.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  March  12,  '63. 
BUTLER,  John. — A.  24,   Enr.   Aug.    15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.   in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,   Pa. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  31,  '63  at  Conv. 

Camp,  Va. 
BUTLER,  John. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.  8,  '61 ;  k.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
BUTLER,  John  W. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

A.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64 ;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65 ;  died, . 

BUTLER,  Thomas.— A.  38,  Enr.  at  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  7,  '62;  no 

record  after  Oct.  2,  '62. 
BUTTS,  Henry  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

25,  '61 ;  died  of  disease  June  6,  '62,  Yorktown,  Va. ;  also  borne  as 

Henry  D. 
BUZZER,  Isaac— A.  — ,  Private,  Co.  I.,  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co. 

G.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  transf.  Co.  C,  19  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Nov. 

6,  '63 ;  M.  O.  Aug.  3,  '65 ;  also  borne  as  Bozee. 
BYINGTON,  Charles.— Private  Co.  H.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  further  record. 
BYRNE,  Theodore.— Private  Co.  E.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
CADDEN,  Owen. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

Sept.  23,  '62;  transf.  to  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  also  borne  as 

Caddin ;  no  further  record. 
CADRO,  Peter  W. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;   deserted 

Aug.  16,  '62;  re-enlisted  in  12th  Regt.  U.  S.  Inf.     [P.  O.  Fredonia, 

N.  Y.] 
CALLAHAN,  John.— Private  Co.  A.,  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C, 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.   10,   '64;  M.  O.  June   16,  '65;  also  borne  as 

Callihan. 
CAMPBELL,  Charles.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  died  of 

typhoid  fever  Jan.  31,  '63,  near  Falmouth,  Va.  as  Charles  W. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      367 

CAMPBELL,  Cleveland  J.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.   16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C; 

disch.  Nov.  I,  '61  for  prom. — 2d  Lieut.  Co.  C,  i  N.  Y.  V.  C.  Dec. 

12,  '61,  3  yrs. ;  disch.  Oct.  24,  '62  for  prom. — Adjt.  152  N.  Y.  V.  I. ; 

disch  April  22,  '6^  for  prom. — Capt.  121  N.  Y.  V.  I.  April  10,  '6$; 

disch.  March  20,  '64  for  prom. — Lieut.  Col.  23  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  March 

20,  '64;  Col.  ,  Brevet  Maj.  Gen.  U.  S.  V.  March  13,  '65; 

died  of  disease  June  13,  '65  at  Charleston,  N.  Y. 
CAMPBELL,  Frank. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  H.  Sept.  19,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Sept.  20,  '61 ;  ist  Sgt.  Dec.  19,  '62;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64;  com'd  2d.  Lieut.  Aug.  3,  '63,  not  mustered. 

[P.  O.  Perrysburg,  N.  Y.] 
CAMPBELL,  Hicks. — A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct 

10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65;  also  borne  as  Camel.  [P.  O.  Fayette, 
N.  Y] 

CAMPBELL,  Sanford. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf, 
Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  no  record  after  Jan.  20,  '63,  in  hosp.,  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. 

CAMPBELL,  William.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  died 
of  fever  May  5,  '62,  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 

CANNADY,  Dennis. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 
May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  D.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  w.  in 
ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Dec.  14,  '62, 
Fredericksburg,  Va. 

CAREY,  Richard  A. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 
July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64 ;  transf. 
Co.  H.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  March  2,  '65  at  Hatchers 
Run,  Va. 

CAREY,  Sherwood  F. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  Sgt. 
Aug.  30,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  18,  '63  at  Providence,  R.  I. 

CARHOUNS,  Joseph  H.— A.  25,  Enr.  at  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y.,  i  yr. 
Co.  C;  transf.  Co.  H.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June 
3,  '65  near  Alexandria,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Cashouse. 

CARKNARD,  Richard.— A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w. 
in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64  as 
Carkner;  died,  . 

CARLO W,  Franklin. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 
Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  Corp.  Dec.  25,  '62 ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb. 

11,  '64;  Sgt.  Aug.  9,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D., 
146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II;,  '64;  ret.  to  ranks;  disch  for  dis.  Jan.  13, 
'65  near  Petersburg,  Va.     [P.  O.  Mill  Brook,  Dutchess  Co.,  N.  Y.] 

CARMADY,  Robert  E.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Oct.  14.  '61. 
CARPENTER,  Charles   H.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  I.; 

k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
CARPENTER,   Oliver  P.— A.  20,  Enr.   Aug.   16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.   E.; 

disch.  Nov.  ID,  '61.     Sub.  serv. ;  ist  Lieut.  Co.  I.,  2  N.  Y.  V.  C.  Oct. 

6,  '64;  Capt.  Co.  L.,  Dec.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  23,  '65;  Brevet  Major, 


368       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

N.  Y.  V. ;  also  borne  as  Oliver  W. ;  died  June  13,  '09  at  Kingston, 

N.  Y. 
CARR,  Jefferson  W. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.   14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 

Nov.  27,  '62;   Sgt.  Feb.   24,  '64;   M.   O.   with   Co.  Oct.   11,  '64  at 

Albany,  N.  Y. ;  died  Jan.  7,  '09  at  Norwich,  N.  Y. 
CARRIER,  Duane  W. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  disch. 

for  dis.  Oct.  4,  '61. 
CARRUTH,  Virgil  D.— A.  26,  Enr.  Jan.  9,  '64  at  Oxford,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs. 

Co.  D. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64 ;  transf.  Co.  D.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  6,  '64;   Corp.  Feb.   i,  '65:  M.  O.  with  Co.  July   16,  '65  near 

Washington,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Cossuth. 
CARTER,  Amos. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis. 

Jan.  23,  '63,  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  died,  . 

CARTER,  Henry. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  disch.  for 

dis.  Nov.  24,  '62  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
CARY,  Sherwood  F.— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Sgt.  Sept. 

21,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  E.  Oct.  25,  '61 ;   ret.  to  ranks  and  transf.  Co. 

G. ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  18,  '63  in  hosp.    Portsmouth  Grove,  R.  I, 

[P.   O.  Warren  Centre,  Pa.] 
CARY,  William. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  17,  '63  as  Carey. 
CASE,    Edward    C— Private    Co.    A.,    14    N.    Y.    V.    I.;    transf.    to 

Co.  B.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  11,  '63,  Fredericksburg, 

Va.;  transf.  Co.  C,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  Corp.  Feb.  i,  '65; 

Sgt.  March  i,  '65 ;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
CASE,  James  B. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

25,  '61 ;  ret.  to  ranks ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Sept.  22,  '62  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  died,  . 

CASEDY,  Phillip.— A.  21,  Enr.  at  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs. 

Co.  A.;  transf.  Co.  K.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16, 

'65. 
CASEY,  Daniel. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.    12,  '61,  3  yrs.    Co.   D. ;   k.    in  ac. 

July  2,  '63.  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
CASH,  William  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  died  of 

disease  in  hosp.,  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 
CASWELL,  William. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch. 

for   dis.   Oct.   i,  '62;   also  borne   as   Coswell.      [P.   O.   Coeyman's 

Hollow,  N.  Y] 
CAVERLY,  John  C— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  died  of 

typhoid  fever  May  6,  '62,  on  hosp.  ship  "Ocean  Queen"  near  York- 
town,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Calverley. 
CESSFORD,  Andrew  G.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63.   Gettysburg,  Pa.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64.    [P.  O. 

818  N.  Weber  St.,  Colorado  Springs,  Colo.] 
CHAFEE,  Andrew  J. — A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63,   Gettysburg,  Pa. ;   died  of  wounds   Aug.   12,   '63   at 

Gettysburg,  Pa. 


WILLIAM    SMLFIL 

"Fayetteville,  N.  Y.,  August  9,  1910. 
"Will  send  you  this  picture  which  was  taken  just  before  enlisting. 
William  Smith,  private  of  Capt.  Allen's  Company  F.  44th  N.  Y. 
Volunteers,  enrolled  on  the  20th  day  of  September.  1861,  at  Albany, 
N.  Y.,  to  serve  three  years.  At  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run  was 
shot  through  tiie  left  ankle  and  taken  prisoner.  Myself  and  others 
were  left  on  the  battlefield  eight  days,  by  a  stream  of  water  with  noth- 
ing to  eat.  We  were  then  paroled  and  private  carriages  came  from 
Washington.  D.  C,  and  took  us  to  the  LT.  S.  Hospital,  Judiciary 
Square.     I   was   discharged  January    7,   1863. 

"Wm.  Smith." 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      369 

CHAMPLAIN,  James  H. — A.  20,  Enr.   Aug.   19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.; 

misg.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  ret. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30, 

'62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  Corp.  Nov.  18,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.   Oct.  11, 

'64  at  Albany,  N.  Y.    [P.  O.  Yorkshire,  N.  Y] 
CHAMPLIN,  Jeffry  H.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  21,  '62  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
CHANDLER,  John  B.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  P.;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  415  Washington  St, 

Scranton,  Pa.] 
CHANDLER,  Nelson. — A.  35,  Enr.  Oct.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  wagoner 

Oct.  26,  '61 ;  ret.  to  ranks,  no  date ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  27,  '63 

at  hosp.,  Albany,  N.  Y. 
CHANDLER,  Samuel  W.— A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w. 

in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  June  3,  '62. 
CHAPIN,  Edward  P.— A.  30,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs. 

Co.  A.;  Capt.  Aug.  30,  '61;  Maj.  Jan.  2,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62, 

Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  Lieut.  Col.  July  4,  '62 ;  disch.  July  4,  '62  for 

prom. — Col.  116  N.  Y.  V.  L  Sept.  5,  '62;  commander  i  Brg.,  i  Div., 

19  A.  C.  Feb.  9,  '63;  k.  in  ac.  May  27,  '63,  Port  Hudson,  La. 
CHAPMAN,  George. — A.   17,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61  and  disch.  as  a  minor 

Oct.,  '61. 
CHAPMAN,    George   H.— A.  23,   Enr.    Sept.   30,   '61,  3  yrs.   Go.   G. ; 

w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  Corp.  Dec.  29,  '62;  Sgt, 

May  25,  '63;  1st  Sgt.  Nov.  17,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64  at 

Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  74  Trinity  Place,  Albany,  N.  Y.]     Died, . 

CHAPMAN,  Sherman. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.  transf. 

Co.  A.  Oct.  26,  '62;  sick  in  hosp.,  Annapolis,  Md.,  April  17,  '62; 

died  Oct.  26,  1909  at  Chicago,  111. 
CHAPPELL,  Charles.— A.  19,  Enr.   Sept.   18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  died 

of  measles  Nov.  22,  '61  at  Eruptive  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
CHASE,  John  F. — A.  20,  Enr.   Sept.   12,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  D. ;   died  of 

disease  May  14,  '62  at  City  Hosp.,  New  York  City. 
CHEESEMAN,  Sherwood  E.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.; 

w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  transf.  Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  C,  140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  Dec.  16,  '64. 
CHOATE,  George  L. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp. 

Feb.  I,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64.     [P.  O.  Morrisville,  N.  Y.] 
CHUBBUCK,   Walter  L.— A.  21,   Enr.   Aug.   19,   '61,   3  yrs.   Co.  A.; 

w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  S,  '64,  Wilder- 
ness, Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died  Feb.  7,  '07  at  Toledo^ 

Ohio. 
CHURCHILL,  John.— A.  29,  Enr.  at  Tarrytown,  N.  Y.  Sept.  5,  '64,  3 

yrs.  Co.  E.;  transf.  Co.  H.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  said  to 

have  deserted  Oct.  20,  '64  from  Div.  Prov.  Guard. 
CIRKWOOD,  Charles  H.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

Sept.  6,  '64  to  re-enlist  in  S2d  Co.  2d  Bat.  Vet.  Res.  Corps. 
CLAGHORN,  James  A.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w. 

May  4,  '62 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Aug.  26,  '62  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne 

as  Cloghorn.     [P.  O.  Moreland,  N.  Y.] 


370       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

CLAPP,  Adelbert.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  disch.  for 

dis.  Feb.  5,  '63 ;  re-enlisted  Jan.  2,  '64  for  3  yrs.  in  Co.  M.,  8  N.  Y. 

Arty.;  prom,  ist  Lieut.  April   13,  '64;  wounded;  died  of  wounds, 

Nov.  21,  '64  at  City  Point,  Va. 
CLARK,  Abram. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Feb.  6,  '65,  Five  Forks,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  K.,  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Infy.  June  3,  '65 ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug. 

21,  '65. 
CLARK,  Augustus  B. — A.  24.  Enr.  Oct.  2,   '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Oct.  25,  '62  at  Philadelphia.  Pa.     [P.  O.  Bradford,  Pa.] 
CLARK,  Charles. — A.  21,  Enr.  Jan.  9,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  deserted  Jan. 

17,  '64. 
CLARK,  DeForest. — A.  24,  Enr.   Sept.   10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  died  of 

inflammation  of  the  brain  March  7,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
CLARK,  Ezra  P. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Nov.  24,  '62 ;  also  borne  as  Ezra  B. ;  died  . 

CLARK,  Paul  B. — A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  wounds  Oct.  24,  '62  at  New 
York  City.     [P.  O.  Hammond,  la.] 

CLAUS,  David. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs.  Co. 

E. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May 

20,  '64  at  hosp.,  Fredericksburg,  Va. 
CLEAVELAND,  Martin  B. ,  Enr.  as  Chaplain,  Feb.  i,  '62;  disch. 

Oct.  21,  '62. 
CLEMENT,  James  H.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in 

ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;   died  of  wounds  July  7,  '62, 

Savage  Sta.,  Va. 
CLEMER,  William.— Private  Co.  A.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '62;  Corp.  April  28,  '64;  transf.  to  Co.  A.  Sept. 

23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3, 

'65 ;  also  borne  as  Clemmer,  William  B. 
CLOVER,  Albert  S. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died . 

CLUTE,  Sandford. — A.  36,  Enr.  Sept.  1,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  to 

140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  Gravelly  Run, 

Va. ;  paroled ;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
CLYDE,  James  D. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  27,  '62  at  Halls  Hill,  Va.     [P.  O.  Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y.] 
COBURN,  James  M.— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ; 

w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '62,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  to  Co.  D.,  146  N.  Y. 

V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  26,  '65. 
COCHRANE,  William  H.— A.   18,  Enr.  Sept.   17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.; 

w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Grand  Rapids,  Mich.] 
COFFIN,  Merritt. — A.  32,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C ;  transf.  Co.  K., 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  16,  '65  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      371 

COGSWELL,  Franklin.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  3 
yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  Sept.  25,  '62 ;  ret.  to  ranks  Jan.  25,  '63 ;  transf. 
Vet.  Res.  Corps  April,  '63;  disch.  S.  O.  War  Dept.  Jan.  4,  '64  to 
enlist  as  hosp.  steward,  U.  S.  A. ;  disch.  by  S.  O.  290  War  Dept. 
Sept.  2,  '64  for  prom. — Capt.  127  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Sept.  14,  '64;  com- 
manded the  regt.  at  battle  in  front  of  Petersburg,  Va.,  April  2,  '65 ; 
M.  O.  Nov.  I,  '65.     [P.  O.  Claremont,  Calif.] 

COLE,  Ashley. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  granted  10  days' 
furlough  Sept.  5,  '61  and  never  returned. 

COLE,  Andrew  J. — A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.,  lost  a  leg 
in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  April  8,  '63 ; 
died  Nov.  12,  1903  at  Hillsdale,  Mich. 

COLE,  Myron  H. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  2d  Lieut. 
Sept.  16,  '61 ;  dismissed  Aug.  23,  '62,  by  order  of  the  War  Dept. 

COLE,  Seth  F. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  L ;  w.  in  ac.  July 
2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  transf.  Co.  B.,  19  Vet.  Res.  Corps.  Feb.  i, 
'64 ;  re-transf .  to  Co.  L,  44  N.  Y.  V.  I.  March  7,  '64 ;  w.  in  ac.  May 
5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

COLE,  William.— A.  18,  Enr.  at  Malone,  N.  Y.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co. 
C;  transf.  Co.  K,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64,  as  William  S.; 
absent,  sick  in  hosp.  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 

COLE,  William  W. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 
May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  28,  '62  at  or 
near  same  place. 

COLLIER,  Peter. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  w.  in  ac. 
July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ; 
transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Sept.  i,  '63. 

COLLINS,  James. — A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co, 
G.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Feb.  6,  '65  at  Hatchers 
Run,  Va. ;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65  at  Washington,  D.  C.  , 

COLLINS,  Oliver.— Private  Co.  D.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  H. 
this  regt.  June  24,  '6^',  deserted  July  3,  '63;  ret.  Jan.,  '64;  transf. 
to  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Jan.  22,  '64;  also  borne  as  Colliver. 

COLT,  Charles  H. — A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  7,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 
May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  16,  '64,  Fredericks- 
burg, Va. 

COMBS,  Thomas  D. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 
Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.,  140  N.  Y. 
V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  15,  '65  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

COMFERT,  William  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Corp. 
Sept.  23,  '61 ;  died  of  disease  Dec.  5,  '61  at  Union  Hotel  Hosp., 
Georgetown,  D.  C. 

COMSTOCK,  Albert.— A.  19,  Enr.  March  3,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  w.  in  ac. 
July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  Nov.  7,  '63,  Rappahannock 
Sta.,  Va. ;  Corp.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64 ;  ret.  to  ranks ;  transf.  Co.  H., 
146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  disch.  April  25,  '65  at  hosp.,  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 


372 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


COMSTOCK,  Joel  T.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  cap.  in 
ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam 
Sta.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  West 
Plattsburgh,  N.  Y.] 

COMSTOCK,  Joshua  K.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.; 
transf.  to  Signal  Corps  Jan.  12,  '64. 

CONGDON,  John.— A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  M.  O.  with 
Co.  Oct.  II,  '64;  died  Aug.  7,  '92  at  Nat.  S.  and  S.  Home,  Leaven- 
worth, Kan. 

CONGER,  George  D. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac. 
May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg, 
Pa.;  Corp.  June  3,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64  at  Albany,  N. 
Y. ;  died  Oct.  26,  '08  at  his  home,  Springville,  N.  Y. 

CONINE,  Michael.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  transf.  to 
Vet.  Res.  Corps,  March  — ,  '64. 

CONKLIN,  Ira. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  k.  in  ac.  Aug. 
30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. 

CONKLIN,  Philo  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  Corp. 
Nov.  II,  '62;  transf.  Co.  H.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  transf.  to 
Co.  H.,  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Infy.  June  3,  '65 ;  Sgt.  Aug.  i,  '65 ;  M.  O.  with 
Co.  Aug.  21,  '65 ;  died  Dec.  27,  1907,  at  his  home,  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y. 

CONLON,  Patrick. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 
May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 
Co.  D.,   146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.   II,  '64;   Corp.  ;   M.  O.  June 

3,  '6S- 

CONNER,  Freeman. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Capt.  Sept. 
13,  '61;  Major  July  4,  '62;  Lieut.  Col.  July  14,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  Dec. 
13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  disch.  for  wounds  April  3,  '63;  re- 
instated and  mustered  in  as  Lieut.  Col.  May  12,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May 
8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  com'd  Col.,  not  mustered,  Aug.  27,  '63. 
Prior  serv. ;  Capt.  Chicago  Zouave  Regt.  April  22,  '61;  ist  Lieut.  11 
N.  Y.  V.  I.,  [Ellsworth's  N.  Y.  Fire  Zouaves]  April  — ,  '61;  died 
March  28,   1906  at  Chicago,  111.,  of  heart  disease. 

CONNERS,  Peter  N.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  Sgt. 
Sept.  24,  '62;  transf.  Co.  F.,  24  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  7,  '64;  M.  O. 
June  28,  '65  at  Washington,  D.  C. 

CONNORS,  John. — A.  24,  Enr.  March  31,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  cap.  Aug. 
21,  '64  near  Petersburg,  Va. ;  prisoner  Aug.  22,  '64  at  Richmond, 
Va. ;  prisoner  at  Salisbury,  N.  C.  Oct.  9,  '64;  no  further  record. 

COOK,  Charles  H.— Private,  Co.  G.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I. 
this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  July  28,  '64. 

COOK,  Elisha  A. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Sgt.  Sept.  20, 
'61 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  26, 
'62,  at  hosp.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.     [P.  O.  Garden  Prairie,  111.] 

COOK,  Hobart  P.  J.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  11,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Muse. 
Aug.  28,  '62 ;  accidentally  wounded  July  2,  '63,  while  acting  as  hosp. 
attendant;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.,  146  N.  Y. 
V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64 ;  M.  O.  May  31,  '65  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      373 

COOK,  Jerome. — Private,   12  Rhode  Island  Inf.  a  deserter  therefrom; 

transf.  to   Co.  A.  this   regt.   Nov.    18,   '63,   to   serve   time  lost  by 

desertion;  again  deserted  Dec.  19,  '63  from  Camp  Distribution,  Va. 
COOK,  Sylvester  A. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp. 

Oct.  I,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

July  7,  '62  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Philadelphia,  Pa.] 
COON,  Francis  A. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  died  of 

small-pox  Feb.  5,  '62    at  Kalorama  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
COONS,  George  W. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  June  20,  '62    at  Cliffburne  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
COONS,  Rienzi. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  H. 

Oct.  26,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  27,  '63  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
COOPER,  John  H.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Sept.  16,  '62  at  Fort  Wood,  New  York  Harbor. 
COOPER,  Marmaduke. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch. 

Jan.  29,  '62  for  prom. — 2d  Lieut.  Co.  I.,  3  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Dec.  16,  '61 

for  2  yrs.;  prom,  ist  Lieut,  no  date;  died  of  disease  Nov.  16,  '62  at 

Fort  Monroe,  Va. 
COPPERNOLL,  Alonzo.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Feb.  29,  '62  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
CORBALLY,  John.— Private,  Co.  E.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  A. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  no  record  after  July  28,  '64;  also  borne  as 

Corbly. 
CORCORAN,  Timothy. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

M.  O.  June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Troy,  N.  Y.] 
CORNWELL,  John  S.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  died  of 

fever,  Dec.  23,  '62  at  Point  Lookout,  Md. 
CORNWELL,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  transf.  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Feb.  15,  '64;  transf. 

to  Navy  April  18,  '64. 
CORRIGAN,  Thomas. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.,  140  N.  Y. 

V.  Inf.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 
CORY,  Edward  S. — A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

B.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.   II,  '64;  no  record  after  Feb.  28,  '65  at 

Finley  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Corry. 
COSTELLO,  Patrick. — A.  22,  Enr.  Jan.  25,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  w.  in  ac. 

June  21,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  E.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  Sgt.,  no  date;  disch.  for  dis. 

May  31,  '65. 
COTTER,  Hamilton. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for 

dis.   Sept.  25,  '62,  at  New  York  City;  also  borne  as  Carter  and 

Colter;  died  . 

COULTER,   Christopher. — A.   44,   Enr.   Sept.   17,  '62,  3  yrs.   Co.   K. ; 

transf.  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Sept.  4,  '63;  died . 

COUNTERMAIN,  Charles  T— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E.; 

transf.  to  Co.  E.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  w.  and  c.  in  ac. 


374 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


March  31,   '65,   White  Oak   Ridge,   Va.;  paroled;   disch.   for   dis. 

July  31,  '65  at  Finley  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
COURSER,  Charles.— Private  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co. 

A.   this   regt.   July   19,   '63;   transf.   Co.   C.    Sept.   23,   '64;   transf. 

Co.  A.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65  as 

Corser. 
COVEY,  Egbert— Private,  Co.  K.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  ist  Sgt.  Co.  G.,  159  N.  Y.  V.  I.    Prior  serv. 

in  Co.  B.,  7  N.  Y.  V.  Cav. ;  Aug.  11,  '64  in  hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
COVEL,  Samuel. — A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  June  i, 

'64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va.;  transf.  Co.  C,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

cap.  Dec.  12,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  paroled  Feb.  17,  '65;  M.  O. 

Sept.  29,  '65  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Naples,  N.  Y] 
COZINE,  George  N. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp. 

Jan.    I,   '64;   re-enlisted  as   a  vet.   March  31,   '64;  transf.   Co.   A. 

Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O. 

with  Co.,  Washington,  D.  C,  July  16,  '65.     [P.  O.  1648  Third  St., 

Rensselaer,  N.  Y.] 
CRAFTS,  William  C— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  E.,  8  N.  Y.  V.  Cav.  Dec.  19,  '61  for  prom.  2d  Lieut.;  ist  Lieut. 

Dec.  23,  '62 ;  commanded  Co.  C.  Feb.  24,  '63 ;  transf.  Co.  G. ;  died 

Aug.  29,  '63  at  Weaversville,  Va. 
CRAIG,  William  F. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  July  18,  '62  at  Gen. 

Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
GRAIN,  Cyrus  S. — A.  37,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Chaplain 

March  16,  '63;  disch.  March  17,  '64  as  Crane. 
GRAIN,  Lyman  C. — A.  23,  Enr.  Dec.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  cap.  in  ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled  Oct.,  '62 ;  no  record  after 

Feb.  15,  '63. 
CRANDALL,  Bryant  B.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.,  S.  and  S.  Home, 

Los  Angeles,  Calif.] 
CRANDALL,  Calvin  B. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w. 

and  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled  Aug.  12,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64;  M.  O.  June  27,  '65  at  Annapolis,  Md.,  as  of  Co.  H.,  44  N.  Y. 

V.  I.     [P.  O.  Nortonville,  Kan.] 
CRANDALL,  George. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Oct.  4,  '62  at  Utica,  N.  Y.    [P.  O.  Pleasant  Hill,  Mo.] 
CRANE,  Ethan  Allen.— Muse,  Co.  A.,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.  transf.  to  Co.  G. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  K.  Oct.  28,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  June 

3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  June  22,  '64,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 
CRANSTON,  Pel  eg  A.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 

Aug.  30,  '61;  ret.  to  ranks  Aug.,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64. 

[P.  O.  Poolville,  N.  Y.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      375 

CRAW,  Edward. — A.  28,  Enr.  at  Tarrytown,  N,  Y.  Sept.  5,  '64,  i  yr. 
Co.  E.;  transf.  Co.  D.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3, 

'65. 
CRAWFORD,  Harvey.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in 

ac.  July  3,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill, 

Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  10,  '64  at  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 
CRAYTON,  John  N.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  L;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  2,  '61  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
CRESCADEN,  William.— A.  44,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  i,  '62  at  Falmouth,  Va. ;  died  July  23,  '82  at  Jasper, 

N.  Y. 
CRISPWELL,  Jonas. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Oct.  21,  '61.     [P.  O.  New  Paltz,  N.  Y] 
CRIST,  George  W. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  17,  '62  at  New  York  Harbor.     [P.  O.  Walden,  N.  Y.] 
CROCKER,   Ephraim  C. — A.   18,  Enr.  Oct.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;   re- 
enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  B.,  140  N,  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65 ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65 ;  died  Feb.  29,  '08  at  his  home, 

Rensselaer,  N.  Y. 
CROCKER,  Thomas  R.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  re- 
enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  28,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  A.,  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.,  5  N.  Y.  Vet. 

Inf.    June   3,   '65 ;    M.    O.    with    Co.   Aug.   21,   '65 ;   also   borne   as 

Thomas  B.     [P.  O.  Sardinia,  N.  Y.] 
CRONIN,  Albert  H. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  no  record 

after  Oct.  26,  '62. 
CROOK,  Warren  D.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
CROSBY,  Benjamin  F. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  died  of 

typhoid  fever  Jan.  15,  '63,  on  transport,  near  Acquia  Creek,  Va. 
CROSBY,  Henry  I. — A.  21,  Enr.  at  Greene,  N.  Y.  for  3  yrs.;  mustered 

in  as  a  private,  unassigned  April   11,  '64;  never  joined  regt. ;   no 

further  record. 
CROSS,  Alonzo  W. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
CROUNSE,  John  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  April  24,  '62  at  Gen.  Hosp.,  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
CRUMB,  Thomas  B.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  died  Aug. 

27,  '62  at  Mil.  Hosp.,  West  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
CULLEN,  Joseph.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64. 
CULVER,  Fitz  E. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61.  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Dec.  9,  '62  at  Providence,  R.  I.     [P.  O.  Ingleside,  111.] 
CULVER,  Edwin  A. — A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  no  record 

after  Dec.  9,  '62  in  hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Edmund. 


376       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

CULVER,  Jesse  H.— A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  transf.  to 

Vet.  Res.  Corps,  May  25,  '63 ;  no  record  after  June  27,  '63  in  hosp., 

Washington,   D.  C. 
CULVER,  Theodore.— A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.   i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.   K.;   M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
CUMMINGS,  Joseph.— A.  14,  Enr.  Oct.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Nov.  30,  '61  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Cummin. 
CUMMINGS,   William  H.— A.   19,   Enr.   Sept.   17,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   I.; 

drummer   Sept.  2;^,  '61,   entered  ranks,  no   date;  no  record  after 

Jan.  6,  '64  at  Gallatin,  N.  Y. 
CUNNINGHAM,  William  G.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.; 

Corp.  Jan.  i,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  Sgt.  July  3,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Grand  Island,  N.  Y.] 
CUPP,  William. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,    '62,   Groveton,   Va. ;    died  of   wounds   Sept.   30,   '62   at   hosp., 

Washington,  D.  C. 
CURETON,  Cephas  A.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  transf. 

Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Jan.  15,  '64. 
CURETON,  John  B.— A.  18,  Enr.  Feb.  10,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.,  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

M.  O.  May  29,  '65  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Albany,  N.  Y.] 

Died  in  1905. 
CURTIS,  James  P. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '61,  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  K.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  no  record  after 

Dec.  9,  '62  in  hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
CURTIS,  John  J.— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  died  of  typhoid 

fever  Feb.  11,  '62  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
DACK,  Garret. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  k.  in  ac.  May 

27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
DACK,  William  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  for 

dis.    Nov.   20,   '63   at   Convalescent   Camp,    Alexandria,  Va. ;    sub. 

serv. :  enr.  Co.  D.,  20  N.  Y.  V.  C.  Aug.  28,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

July  31,  '65;  Veteran. 
DAILEY,  William  J. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va.;  disch.  April  18,  '64  to  enlist  in 

U.  S.   Navy;   served  as  ordinary  seaman  and   Gunner's  Mate  on 

U.  S.  S.  S.  Wamsutia,  in  So.  Atlantic  Blockading  Squadron;  also 

borne  as  Daly.    [P.  O.  Arcade,  N.  Y.] 
DAMMS,  James. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  25,    '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  also  borne 

as  Danmas.     [P.  O.  Canaan,  Conn.,  R.  F.  D.  No.  i.] 
DAMMS,  John. — A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  D., 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64. 
DANKS,  William  N.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.;  Capt.  Co.  H. 

Sept.  20,  '61;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     Prior 

serv.  2d  Lieut.  Chicago  Zouave  Regt.  April  22,  '61.     [P.  O.  5412 

West  Ontario  St.,  Chicago,  111.] 


HARLAN  P.  S PAULDING. 

After  his  service  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  L,  as  shown  1)\  the  Roster, 
he  was  commissioned  Captain  Co.  E,  7th  \J.  S.  C.  T.,  Oct.  10,  1863. 
Breveted  Major  and  Lieutenant-Colonel  for  gallant  and  meritorious  ser- 
vices, March,  1865.  In  command  of  his  regiment,  being  senior  officer 
present,  from  Sept.  29,  1864  to  Oct.,  1864,  in  front  of  Richmond,  Va. 

Was  instructor  of  officers'  drills  at  brigade  headquarters  during 
Januar}',  1865  and  again  in  March,  1865  in  the  field  in  Virginia. 

After  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  in  command  of  the  Post  at 
]\Iatagorda,  Texas,  from  July  5,  1865  to  Januarv  i,  1866,  with  four 
companies.  Provost  Marshal  of  sub-district  of  Victoria,  Texas,  from 
Jan.  1,  1866  to  April  i,  t866.  In  command  of  Post,  Victoria,  Texas, 
From  April  i,  1866  to  Oct.  15,  1866,  with  two  companies.  Mustered 
out  ol  the  service   Nov.   16,   1866  at  Baltimore.   Md. 


THE   ii£.vV    : 

PUBLIC  LIB.'  VR^^ 

ASTOR,  LENO:: 
TILDEN  FOUNDATIONS 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      377 

DANSENBURGH,  James. — A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '62,  3  yrs. ;  mustered 

in  as  a  private,  Co.  C.  Oct.  3,  '62;  w.  in.  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg, 

Pa.;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  5 

N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65.     [P.  O. 

Dundee,  N.  Y.,  R.  F.  D.] 
DARBEE,  John  H.— A.  27,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
DARLING,  Leonard.— A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  Corp. 

Sept.  20,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Jan.  i,  '62;  k.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. 
DARLING,  Robert  B.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  Corp. 

Jan.  14,  '64;  k.  in  ac.  June  19,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va. 
DAVIS,  Alexander. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  re-enlisted 

as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  died 

of  wounds  May  31,  '64  at  Fairfax  Seminary  Hosp.,  Va. 
DAVIS,  Ashael  I. — A.  21,   Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.   K. ;  died  of 

disease,  May  22,  '62  at  Yorktown,  Va. 
DAVIS,  Cyrus  H. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  no  record 

after  July  7,  '63  at  Frederick,  Md. ;  died  . 

DAVIS,  Daniel  J. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July   I,   '62,    Malvern   Hill,   Va. ;   died   of   wounds   July  7,   '62   at 

Annapolis,  Md. 
DAVIS,  David. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
DAVIS,:  David.— Private  Co.  G.   14  N.  Y.  V.   I.;  transf.  Co.  A.  this 

regt.  June  23,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  May  26,  '64,  North  Anna  River,  Va. ; 

w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64  while  absent,  wounded; 

no  further  record. 
DAVIS,  James  M.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  died  of 

disease  March  20,  '62,  at  Union  Hosp.,  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
DAVIS,  Lewis  W.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  disch,  for  dis. 

May  I,  '62,  at  Union  Hosp.,  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
DAY,  Edward. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  i,  '61,  at 

Albany,  N.  Y. 
DAY,  LaMott. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  died  of  disease 

May  23,  '62,  at  Yorktown,  Va. 
DAY,  William.— Private  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  this  regt. 

June  24,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  transf.  Co.  C. 

Sept.  23,  '64 ;  w.  in  ac.  Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  B.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65;  also 

borne  as  Dey.    Died  Jan.  11,  '97,  at  Pembroke,  N.  Y. 
DEARING,  Sylvester. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  transf. 

Co.  K.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  July  x6,  '65; 

died  Jan.  6,  '98. 
DEARSTYNE,  Sylvester. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in 

ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Nov.  10,  '62,  Albany, 

N.  Y 


378       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

DECKER,  Francis. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  det.  Oct. 

25,  '62,  to  First  U.  S.  Artillery ;  died  Aug.  5,  '07,  in  hosp.  at  Buffalo, 

N.  Y. 
DEDERICH,  James  E. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  April  18,  '62;  also  borne  as  Dedrick.     [P.  O.  Saugerties,  N.  Y.] 
DEFREEST.  Llewellyn.— A. ,  Private  Co.  A.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf. 

Co.  I.  this  regt.  June  28,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ; 

transf.  to  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64,  to  Co.  K.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  July  16,  '65. 
DELAHANT,  Thomas.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  July  28,  '64. 
DELEMATER,  William  W.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.; 

Corp.  Sept.  23,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Sept.  20,  '62;  ist  Sgt.  May  6,  '63;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  Albany 

N.   Y. ;    Com'd   2nd    Lieut.    Sept.    16,    '64,    not    mustered.     [P.    O. 

Windham,  N.  Y.] 
DELEHANTY,  James  P.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Feb.  21,  '95, 

at  his  home,  E.  Ii6th  street,  N.  Y.  City. 
BELONG,  Guy  C. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  and  died  of  wounds  July  6,  '62,  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
DELONG,  Stephen. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf.  to 

U.  S.  Art.  Oct.  16,  62.     [P.  O.  Joliet,  111.] 
DELONG,  Sylvester. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  Corp.  May  i,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8, 

'64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
DEMPSEY,  Thomas. — A.  41,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Sgt.  Sept. 

25,  '62;  accidentally  wounded  Aug.  19,  '63;  ist  Sgt.  Oct.  28,  '63; 

1st  Lieut.  Co.  L  Dec.  26,  '63;  M.  O.  June  29,  '64. 
DENNIS,  Elihu  D.— A.  23.  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  died  of 

disease  May  17,  '62,  in  hosp.  at  New  York  City. 
DENNIS,  Henry  C. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  24 

V.  R.  C.  March  15,  '64;  M.  O.  June  9,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C. ; 

died  . 

DENSMORE,  Ransford  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.; 

transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  12,  '61 ;  Corp.  Sept.  21,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62, 

Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds  Sept.  23,  '62,  at 

Genl.  Hosp.,  New  York  City.     [P.  O.  South  Corinth,  N.  Y.] 
DEPUY,  Thomas  R. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

19,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.  26,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  M.  O.  Oct. 

II,  '64;  also  borne  as  Depuey.     [P.  O.  Newburg,  N.  Y.] 
DEVLIN,  John. — A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs. 

Co.  C. ;  M.  O.  Oct.  3,  '62. 
DEWEY,  Melvin  W. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      379 

DEWINT,  Samuel. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  died  of 

disease  Nov.  29,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
DICKSON,  George  H. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co.; 

died  . 

DICKSON,  Henry. — Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp.  Aug.  30, 

'61 ;  transf.  Vet.  R.  C.  July  22,  '63. 
DIMMICK,  Duane.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  March  2,  '63;  also  borne  as  Duane  D.     [P.  O.  Earlville,  N.  Y.] 
DINGS,  Jacob  H. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

25,  '61;   M.  O.   with  Co.  Oct.   II,  '64,  at   Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.   O. 

Cassayuna,  N.  Y.] 
DOANE,  David,  Jr.— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.    II.  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Doan.      [P.  O. 

St.  Louis,  Mich.] 
DOANE,  Russell. — A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  disch.  for 

dis.  May  3,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  died  about  1899,  at  or  near 

Detroit,  Mich. ;  also  borne  as  Doan. 
DOCKSTADER,  Adam  B.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.; 

disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  16,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 
DODSON,  George  P. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

June  2"],  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  no  record  after  July  7,  '63,  at  Gettys- 
burg,  Pa. 
DOING,  John. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  at  Plymouth,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs.  Co. 

B. ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
DOLLAR,  William  I.  E. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in 

ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  M.  O.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  William  E. 
DOLLARS,  Robert  G.— A.  ,  Private  Co.  B.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf. 

to  Co.  A.  this  regt.  June  28,  '63 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Aug.  17,  '63,  at  Con- 
valescent Camp,  Va. 
DONNELLY,  Thomas. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  I. 

June  3,  '65 ;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65.    [P.  O.  Stafford,  N.  Y.] 
DOOLET,  Napoleon. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Dec.    13,   '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;   no  record  after  June   24,  '62; 

also  borne  as  Napoleon  Drolet. 
DORAN,  Michael. — A.  22,  Enr.  Feb.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  no  record 

after  Feb.  25,  '64. 
DORGAN,  Timothy. — A.  22,  Enr.  Jan.  20,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  deserted 

March  17,  '64;  retaken  March  25,  '64;  again  deserted  May  3,  '64, 

at  Alexandria,  Va. 
DORN,  John  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  cap.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62,   Bull   Run,    Va. ;   paroled ;    disch.   for   dis.   April   2,   '63,   at 

Albany,  N.  Y. 
DORRANCE,  Charles  F. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  July  18,  '64,  at  hosp.,  Germantown,  Pa. 


38o       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

DOUGALL,  James  S. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  cap.  in 

ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled ;  w.  &  c.  in  ac.  Aug.  30, 

'62,  Bull  Run,  Va.,  left  foot  shot  off;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds 

Oct.  27,  '62,  at  Fairfax  Seminary,  Va.     [P.  O.  Washington,  D.  C, 

Indian  Bureau.] 
DOUGALL,  William  J.— A.  20,  Enr.   Sept.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  det. 

to  Griffin's  Battery,  Jan.  8,  '62 ;   also  borne  as  Dugall ;  no  record 

after  Sept.  22,  '62;  died  in  1896. 
DOUGLASS,  Eugene. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

March  17,  '63;  disch.  June  7,  '64,  for  prom. — 2nd  Lieut.  Co.  C,  47 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Feb.  20,  '64;  ist  Lieut.  Co.  H.  Jan.  i,  '65;  Capt.  Co.  G. 

March  i,  '65 ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  30,  '65,  Raleigh,  N.  C. 
DO  WD,  Patrick. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.   25,   '62;    disch.    for   dis.    Nov.    19,    '62,   at    Philadelphia,    Pa. 

[P.  O.  Nat.  Soldiers'  Home,  Milwaukee,  Wis.] 
DOWD,  Sidney. — Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  k.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62, 

Gaines  Mills,  Va. 
DO  WE,  James  W. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  30,  '63,  at  Conva- 
lescent Camp,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Dow. 
DOWLING,  Michael. — A.  18,  Enr.  March  29,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf. 

Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church, 

Va.;  transf.  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  5th 

N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co.;  also 

borne  as  Thomas. 
DOWN,  James  E.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Mus.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23, 

'61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Sept.  22,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
DOWNING,  John.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp.  Aug. 

14,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Second  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  Sgt.  Jan.  i,  '63; 

w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  March 

30,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  June  20,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  com'd  2nd  Lieut. 

Aug.  26,  '64,  not  mustered;  disch.   Sept.   i,  '64,  for  prom. — Capt. 

127  U.  S.  C.  Inf.;  disch.  Sept.  11,  '65.     [P.  O.  Bridgeton,  N.  J.] 
DOWNS,  Henry. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  re-enlisted  as  a 

vet.  Feb.  23,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  June  23,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co. 

A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  disch. 

for   dis.   March   18,   '65,   at   Central    Park,   N.    Y. ;   also   borne   as 

Henry  K. 
DOWNS,  James. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for  dis. 

Oct.  5,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
DOYLE,  Matthew. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  H. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  died  of  disease  at  Div.  Hosp.  Feb.  3,  '65. 
DOYLE,  William.— A. ,  Private  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B.  this 

regt.  May  16,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O. 

June  3,  '65. 
DRISCOLL,  Simon. — A.  21,  Enr.  March  31,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  il,  '64; 

disch.  for  dis.  July  i,  '65.     [P.  O.  Cohoes,  N.  Y.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      381 

DUBOIS,  Ira  F. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.  26.  '62;  M.  O.  Oct.  II,  '64.     [P.  O.  Lloyd,  N.  Y.] 
DUFFER,  James. — A.   18,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  2,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y..  as  Duffee. 
DUMAS,  Moses  A. — A.  30,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  28,  '62;  died 

in  Tennessee  about  1906. 
DUMASS,  Moses  H. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  16,  '62. 
DUNCAN,  Irvine.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  June  2,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  transf. 

to  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  to  Co.  E.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

absent  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
DUNFERD,  William.— A.  ,  Private  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf. 

to  this  regt.  unassigned,  June  24,  '63 ;  no  further  record ;  also  borne 

as  Dumford. 
DUNHAM,  David  B.,  Jr.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Corp. 

Aug.  22,  '63 ;  Sgt.  Nov.  I,  '63 ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel 

Hill,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  July  i,  '64,  at  Richmond,  Va. 
DUNHAM,  Eugene  L— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  ist  Sgt. 

Aug.  30,  '61;  2nd  Lieut.  Aug.  19,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  April  16,  '63;  k.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
DUNHAM,  Josiah. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
DUNN,  James. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  F.  140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65.    [P.  O.  River  Falls,  Wis.] 
DUNNING,  Joseph. — A.  16,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  (as  Demming)  May  22,  '65, 

at  hosp.,  Wilmington,  Del. 
DURKEE,  Daniel  G.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  died  of 

consumption  April  i,  '62,  at  Plattsburg,  N.  Y. 
DURYEA,  Webster  S. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
DYAR,  George. — A.  16,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Oct.  5,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
DYE,  Stephen  P. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.   18,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  to  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21, 

'65 ;  died  March  26,  '08,  at  Atlanta,  Ga. 
EARLS,  Elijah. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65.     [P.  O. 

South  Corinth,  N.  Y.] 
EASTERBROOKS,  Edward.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C; 

1st  Sgt.  Oct.  5,  '61;  ret.  to  ranks  Jan.  i,  '62;  transf.  Co.  B.  Oct.  25, 

'62;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  M.  O.  Oct.  11,  '64;  also 

borne  as  Esterbrooks. 
EASTMAN,  Frederick  L. — A.   22,   Enr.   Aug.   14,  '62,  3  yrs.    Co.   E. ; 

transf.  Signal  Corps  Jan.  12,  '64;  died  Aug.  12,  '01,  at  Chicago,  111. 


382       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

EATON,  Parley  H. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Aug. 

5,  '6r;  transf.  Co.  K.  Oct.  20,  '62;  transf.  Co.  I.  Oct.  26,  '62;  disch. 

for  dis.  Feb.  5,  '63;  died  Feb.  13,  1910,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
EATON,  Sylvanus  J. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Muse. 

Oct.  3,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  K. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64 ;  also  borne  as  Sylvanus  P. ;  died  Jan., 

1905- 
ECKERSON,  William.— A.  26,  Enr.  Oct.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  paroled ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63, 

Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  re-enl.  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64, 

at  Cold  Harbor,  Va. 
ECKLER,  Abram. — A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  k.  in  ac.  July 

1,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va.;  also  borne  as  Ackler. 

EDDY,  Augustus  V. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  March  7,  '63.     [P.  O.  Sardinia,  N.  Y.  ] 
EDDY,  Curtis.— A.  ,  Private  Co.  I.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  transf.  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64 ;  disch. 

no  date. 
EDDY,  Milo  W.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Albion,  N.  Y.  and  2027 

Webster  Ave.,  New  York.] 
EDDY,  Valora  D. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  Corp.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  cap.  on  picket  June  5,  '64,  Bethesda  Church,  Va. ;  paroled 

Feb.  26,  '65,  at  Wilmington,  N.  C. ;  M.  O.  May  20,  '65,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y     [P.  O.  Rush  City,  Minn.] 
EDWARDS,  David. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  Corp.  July  27,  '64 ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  as  David  D.     [P.  O.  Fairhaven,  Vt.] 
EDWARDS,  George. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  cap.  June 

14,  '62,  with  wagon  train  near  Whitehouse,  Va. ;  re-cap.  June  16,  '62 ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.   II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.   Catskill, 

N.  Y.] ;  died  in  1902. 
EELLS,  Edwin  R. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  Corp.  Aug.  i,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11, 
'64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

ELDRED,  Moses  S. — A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  F.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64;  k.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,   Skunks  Hollow,  Va. ;  also  borne  as 

Moses   L. 
ELLER,  John. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13, 

'62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  27,  '63,  at  Convalescent 

Camp,  Va. 
ELLIOTT,  George.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  23,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  Sth  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65,  as  George  W. ;  prom,  to  Corp. ;  Sgt.  July  24,  '65 ;  M.  O.  Aug. 
21,  '65.     [P.  O.  Burlington,  la.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      383 

ELLIS,  Charles  R. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac.  Sept. 

30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  L 

Oct.  II,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Feb.  6,  '65,  Hatchers  Run,  Va. ;  disch.  July 

7,  '65.     [P.  O.  River  Falls,  Wis.] 
ELLIS,  Loden.— A.  22,  Enr.  May  8,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  transf.  Co.  B. 

Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.   Co.  E.   140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.   11,  '64,  while 

absent;  no  further  record. 
ELLSWORTH,  Stinson.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  Oct.  14,  '61 ;  Corp.  Jan.  i,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  April  16,  '62,  at 

Georgetown,  D.  C. 
ELMS,  Ellery. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp.   Sept. 

25,  '61 ;  transf.  to  119  Co.  Second  Bat'n  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Nov.  14,  '63. 
EL  WELL,   William.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  died  of 

small-pox  March  3,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
EMMONS,  Elmer  J.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for 

dis.   March   17,  '63,  at   Philadelphia,   Pa.     [P.  O.  1744  Champa  St., 

Denver,  Colo.] 
ENGRAM,  Ansen. — A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  28,  '62,  at  Provi- 
dence, R.  I. ;  also  borne  as  Ingram. 
ERWIN,  William  H.— A. ,  Private  Co.  B.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to 

Co.  B.  this  regt.  June  23,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor, 

Va.;  transf.  to  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  May  31, 

'65;  also  borne  as  George.     [P.  O.  Olean,  N.  Y.] 
ESMAY,  Aaron  H. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  27,  '63,  Philadelphia, 

Pa.     [P.  O.  Cobleskill,  N.  Y.] 
ESMAY,  Moses  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  to 

Co.  K.  Sept.  30,  '61 ;  Corp.  Jan.  i,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern 

Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  4,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md. ;  also  borne 

as    Espray. 
ESMAY,  Rufus. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  died  of  disease 

May   I,  '62,  at  Yorktown,  Va.,  as   Rufus  H. 
ESMOND,  Charles  M.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  April  15,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
EVANS,  Abraham  R.— A. ,  Private  Co.  E.  14th  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf. 

to  Co.  H.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at 

Albany,  N.  Y. 
EVANS,  George  W. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  died  of 

typhoid  fever  May  2,  '62.  at  Yorktown,  Va. 
EVANS,  Gideon. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

S,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  25,  '64,  at  Fredericks- 
burg, Va. 
EVANS,  Jonas. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27, 

'62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  said  to  have  deserted  in  July,  '62.  to  enlist 

in  Co.  A.  6  N.  Y.  V.  C.  Sept.  18,  '62;  cap.  Sept.  4,  '64;  M.  O.  June 

5,  '65,  at  Clouds  Mills,  Va.,  as  James  Evans. 


384       44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

EVANS,  King  D. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  cap.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  2nd  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  4,  '62.     Sub. 

serv.  in  22  N.  Y.  V.  Cav. ;  Enr.  Jan.  4,  '64,  Co.  L.  3  yrs.;  ist  Sgt. 

Feb.  12,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.,  '65,  at  Winchester,  Va. ;  died  May 

26,  '04,  of  pneumonia,  at  Norwich,  N.  Y. 
EWING,  Perry. — A.  17,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  drummer  Co.  F. ;  w. 

in  ac.  June  6,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64, 

at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
EWING,  William  I. — A.  14,  Enr.  Oct.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.  drummer; 

disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  26,  '63.     [P.  O.  Buffalo,  N.  Y.] 
FACER,  Seward. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

E.  18  Vet  Res.  Corps  Aug.  13,  '63;  M.  O.  June  26,  '65;  died  . 

FADER,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  wounded  Feb.  6,  '65,  Hatchers  Run, 

Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Feb.  18,  '65,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
FAIRBANK,  Benjamin  F.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  3  ,'6i,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
FAIRMAN,  Washington  B. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp. 

Oct.  5,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  H.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.  for  prom.  Nov.  22,  '61 ; 

1st  Lieut.  Co.  H.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Nov  22,  '61 ;  w  in  ac  June  27,  '62, 

Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;   died  of  wounds  June  30,   '62 ;    also  borne  as 

William  B.   Fairman. 
FARNHAM,  Charles  L.— A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  transf. 

Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  16,  '63.    Died,  Aug.  2,  1910  at  S.  &  S.  Home, 

Bath,  N.  Y.     Buried  at  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
FARRAR,  Ellis  T.— Private  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  A. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64;  Corp.  April  i,  '65;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65  .  [P.  O.  Clayville, 

N.  Y.] 
FARRELL,  William  T.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp. 

Jan.  I,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  21,  '62. 
FAULKNER,  William  S.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Corp. 

May  25,  '62;  disch.  for  prom. — 2nd.  Lieut.  19  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Dec. 

8,  '63;  1st  Lieut,  July  i,  '65;  detached  as  ordnance  officer  on  staff 

of  Gen  Giles  A  Smith;  disch.  Feb.  18,  '67  at  Baltimore,  Md.     [P. 

O.  Cazenovia,  N.  Y.] 
FEARN,  Herbert. — A.  ,  Enr.  Nov.  28,  '62;  Asst.  Surgeon,  Dec.  17, 

'62;  disch.  Aug.  19,  '63. 
FELLOWS,  Addison  J.— A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  died  of 

typhoid  fever  Dec.  31,  '61  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
FELLOWS,  Ambrose  I.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

for  enlistment,  as  Hosp.  Steward,  U.  S.  A.  Apr.  3,  '63  at  Philadel- 
phia, Pa.     [P.  O.  Chatham,  N.  Y.] 
FELLOWS,  Henry.— A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Henry  B. 
FELT,  Charles  W. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Wagoner, 

Jan.  I,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  June  18,  '62,  at  New  Bridge,  Va.     [P.  O. 

Centralia,  Kan.] 


CHARLES  E.  SPRAGUE,  Ph.  D.,  C.  P.  A. 

Educator,  author,  linguist  and  banker,  born  at  Nassau,  Rensselaer 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1842.  Entered  Union  College  at  the  age  of  fourteen  and 
was  graduated  with  the  class  of  i860.  While  in  college  his  aptitude 
in  the  mastery  of  the  Greek  language  was  remarkable  and  he  is  now 
regarded  as  one  of  the  first  Greek  scholars  in  America.  Entering  the 
army  at  the  outlireak  of  the  Civil  War,  he  was  distinguished  for  gal- 
lantry on  the  field  of  battle  and  was  severely  wounded  at  the  Battle 
of  Gettysburg,  for  services  at  which  battle  he  received  from  New  York 
state  a  commission  as  Colonel  by  Brevet.  In  1870  Colonel  Sprague 
became  connected  with  the  Union  Dime  Savings  Bank  of  New  York  City ; 
for  the  past  sixteen  years  he  has  been  its  president.  During  his  con- 
nection with  the  bank  its  deposits  have  increased  from  $3,000,000  to 
$26,000,000. 

Col.  Sprague  is  Ex-President  of  the  Savings  Bank  Section  of  the 
American  Bankers'  Association ;  Colonel  and  Assistant  Paymaster 
General  State  of  New  York;  member  of  the  Executive  Committee  of 
the  Simplified  Spelling  Board  and  its  Treasurer;  also  member  of  the 
Century  Association. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      385 

FERGUSON,  Charles  W.— A.  30,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Sgt. 
Oct.  3>  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64.     [P.  O.  Adams,  Mass.] 

FERGUSON,  Joseph. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Aug. 
4,  '62;  transf.  Co.  D.  Oct.  25,  '62;  Sgt.  Jan.,  '63;  disch.  for  promo- 
tion.— 2d  Lieut.  7  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Dec.  8,  '63 ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  Sept. 

29,  '64,  assault  on  Fort  Gilmer,  Va. ;  commended  for  gallantry  in 
gen'l  order  Army  of  the  James;  ist  Lieut,  and  Adjt.  March  6,  '65; 
Capt.  Jan.  12,  '66;  detached  at  Gen.  Heintzleman's  Hdqrs. ;  M.  O. 
Oct.  13,  '66,  expiration  of  term;  Brevet  Maj.  U.  S.  Vols.  March 
13,  '65. 

FERRAND,  Louis  G. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  w.  in  ac.  June  23,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ; 

M.  O.  May  4,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  59  Ives  Avenue, 

Grand  Rapids,  Mich.] 
FERRIS,  David  F. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  July 

22,  '63;  Sgt.  Dec.  8,  '63;  detached  to  Bat'n  of  sharpshooters  Aug. 

IS,  '64;  transf.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  k.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65, 

Skunks  Hollow,  Va. 
FERRIS,  James. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  White  Oak 

Ridge,  Va. ;  paroled  April  2,  '65;  M.  O.  June  28,  '65,  at  Annapolis, 

Md. 
FERRIS,  Lanson  S. — A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp.  Aug., 

'62;  Sgt.  Nov.  27,  '62;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  w.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va.;  ist  Sgt.  July  27,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B. 

Sept.  23,  '64;  com'd  ist  Lieut,  not  mustered,  Sept.  4,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  E.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  Nov.  3,  '64,  at  Weldon 

R.  R.,  Va.     [P.  O.  Guilford,  N.  Y.] 
FICKETT,  Levi. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  no  ecord  after 

May  10,  '62,  at  Yorktown,  Va. 
FIELD,  Henry. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  died  of  disease 

May  18,  '62.     [Fort  Wood,  N.  Y.]  in  hosp.  at  New  York  City. 
FIKES,  David. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  re-enlisted  as  a  Vet.  Feb.  11,  '64;  transf. 
Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 
transf.  Co.  E.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  Corp.  June  i,  '65; 
M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65. 

FINUCANE,  Thomas. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C ;  transf. 

Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  May  24,  '65  at  Elmira, 

N.  Y. ;  died  April  8,  1909,  at  his  home,  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y. 
FISH,  Samuel. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co.  A. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  I,  '64;  died  of  disease  March  5,  '65,  at  Div. 

Hosp. 
FISHBACK,  Charles  A.— A.  17,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  Muse. 

Aug.  30,  '61;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.;  died, 


386       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

FISHER,  Earl  W.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for 
dis.  Feb.  24,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Edward  W.     [P. 

0,  Hunter,  N.  Y.] 

FISHER,  Henry  J. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  detached 
with  Bat.  K.  ist  U.  S.  Art.  from  Oct.,  '62,  to  May.,  '64;  no  record 
after  June  28,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. 

FITCH,  Isaac  P. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  and  cap. 
in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled ;  disch.  for  dis.  Mar. 

1,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va.     [P.  O.  Oxford,  N.  Y.] 
FITZGENREIDER,  Ignatz.— A.  37,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.; 

transf.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June  19,  '65,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 
FITZGERALD,  Thomas.— A.  23,  Enr.  Mar.  7,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Apr.  i,  '65,  Five 

Forks,  Va. ;  M.  O.  July  i,  '65,  at  Lincoln  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
FITZPATRICK,  Matthew.— A.  23,   Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C; 

Corp.  Oct.  3,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  17,  '63,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  died 

April,  1906,  at  Grand  Island,  Neb.,  S.  &  S.  Home. 
FLAGG,  Edson. — A.  30,  Enr.  Oct.  18,  '61,  Co.  B.  3  yrs.;  disch.  for  dis. 

May  II,  '62,  in  hosp.,  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
FLAGG,  John  A. — A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Muse.  Sept. 

13,  '61;  miss,  in  ac.  July  i,  '62;  ret'd  no  date;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov. 

28,  '62,  at  hosp.  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
FLANSBARG,  Alfred  L— Priavte  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K.  this 

regt.  June  25,  'G3 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  13,  '64,  Spottsylvania  C.  H.,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  C.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  July  15,  '65,  at 

Washington,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  William. 
FLETCHER,  Joseph  H. — A.  36,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  died  of 

disease  Feb.  i,  '63,  at  Wind-Mill  Point,  Va. 
FLYNT,  Hiram  S. — A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

19,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  no  further  record. 

FOOT,  Morris  C. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  June 

20,  '62,  for  prom. — sub.  serv.  2nd  Lieut.  Co.  H.  92  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Jan. 

21,  '62;  disch.  Dec.  31,  '64;  ist  Lieut.  121  N.  Y.  V.  I.  March  26,  '65; 
transf.  Co.  I.  65  N.  Y.  V.  I.  June  24,  '65;  M.  O.  June  25,  '65;  Brevet 
Capt.  U.  S.  V.  for  gall,  and  meri.  serv.  near  Petersburg,  Va.,  April 

2,  '65,  and  Sailors'  Creek,  Va.,  April  6,  '65 ;  2nd  Lieut.  9  U.  S.  Inf. 
May  7,  '66;  ist  Lieut.  March  7,  '67;  Capt.  Jan.  26,  '83;  Maj.  Aug. 
II,  '98;  Lieut.-Col.  Feb.  2,  1901 ;  transf.  i  U.  S.  Inf.  April  11,  '02; 
Col.  28  U.  S.  Inf.  April  15,  '02;  Brig.  Gen.  U.  S.  A.,  Feb.  18,  '03; 
retired  Feb.  19,  '03;  died  . 

FORD,  Clinton  E. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  for 

dis.    March    13,   '62,   at   hosp.    Hestonville,    Pa.     [P.    O.    Oneonta, 

N.  Y.] 
FORD,  Frederick  H.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.   17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Muse. 

Sept.  23,  '61 ;  disch.  Oct.,  '61. 
FORD,  Henry  Milton. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  July  29,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      387 

FORMAN,  Orlando  J. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  V.  R.  C.  July  29,  '63. 

[R  O.  Weedsport,  N.  Y.] 
FORRESTER,  John. — A.  50,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.;  Corp.  in  band; 

disch.  for  dis.  April  19,  '62. 
FOSMIRE,  Edgar. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  30,  '62,  at  hosp. 

Philadelphia,  Pa.     [P.  O.  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.] 
FOSTER,  George  A. — A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  Dec. 

22,  '63,  for  prom. — Capt.  Co.  E.  20  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Dec.  31,  '63;  M.  O. 

Oct.  '6s,  at  Nevir  Orleans,  La.     [P.  O.  1541  Van  Buren  St.,  Chicago, 

111.] 
FOSTER,  George  T. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  twice  w.  in 

ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  Corp.  Aug.  4,  '62 ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Nov.  29,  '62,  at  Washington,   D.   C. ;    died   Sept.,  '09,  at   Soldiers' 

Home,  Bath,  N.  Y. 
FOX,  Jacob. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  ist  Sgt.  Aug.  30, 

'61 ;  2nd  Lieut.  Jan.  2,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H., 

Va. ;  1st  Lieut.  Oct.  i,  '62;  Capt.  Co.  G.  Feb.  9,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O.  w^ith  Co.  Oct.   11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Buffalo,  N.  Y.]  ;  died . 

FOX,  Reuben. — A.  20,  Enr.   Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  H.;  Corp.  Aug. 

I,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as 

Reuben  M. 
FRADENBURGH,  George  W.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61.  3  yrs.  Co.  E.; 

disch.  for  dis.  April  23,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Tillson, 

Ulster  Co.,  N.  Y.] 
FRANCISCO,  George  W.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '62,  at  Italy,  N.  Y.,  3 

yrs.  Co.  C. ;  wounded,  entirely  disabled  and  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64, 

at  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled  Aug.  12,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  140  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  28,  '65,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 

[P.  O.  Mt.  Pleasant,  Mich.] 
FREDERICK,  Edward.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in 

ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Sept.  23,  '62,  at 

Washington,  D.  C. 
FREER,  Luther  P.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  i,  '62,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
FRENCH,  Charles  R.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  I.  Oct.  25,  '61 ;  det.  to  Battery  K.  ist  U.  S.  Art.  Sept.,  '62;  w.  in 

ac.  July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  ret.  to  regt. ;   died  of  wounds 

July    13,    '63,    at   Frederick,    Md. ;    also   borne   as    Charles   and   as 

George  E. 
FRENCH,  Johnson. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  Corp.  Sept. 

20,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  18,  '62,  in  hosp.  Albany,  N.  Y.,  as  John 

French;  also  borne  as  Judson.    [P.  O.  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.] 
FRENDER,  Chris.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  transf.  Co. 

A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O. 


388       44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

June  3,  '65;  also  borne  as  Frinder  and  Fender.     [P.  O.  Schenectady, 

N.  Y.] 
FRIAR,  Frederick  O. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  w.  in  ac 

May  2T,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64. 
FRIECHNICHT,  Charles.— A.  35,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61;  Corp.  in  band; 

M.  O.  July  10,  '62,  as  2nd  class  Muse. ;  also  borne  as  Frichnecht. 

[P.  O.  Troy,  N.  Y.] 
FRINK,  Prentiss  S. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 

July  27,  '63 ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ;  det.  with  sharpshooters 

bat.   1st  Div.  5th  Corps  Aug.,  '64;  cap,  and  paroled  Aug.  30,  '63, 

2nd  Bull  Run;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.  140  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  trans,  to  Co.  F.  5th  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '05; 

M.  O.  Sept.  16,  '65,  at  New  York  City. 
FRISBIE,  Delos.— A.  27,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  disch.  for  dis. 

March  14.  '63. 
FROST,  William  B. — A.  2>2>,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.;  ist  Sgt.  in  band; 

M.  O.  with  band  July  10,  '62,  as  first  class  Muse.     [P.  O.  Albany, 

N.  Y.]     Died . 

FROTHINGHAM,  Edward.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.; 

hosp.  steward  Oct.  10,  '61;  disch.  Dec.  11,  '62  for  prom,  to  Hosp. 

Steward  U.  S.  A. 
FROTHINGHAM,  William.— A.  31,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.;  surgeon 

Sept.  29,  '61 ;  disch.  Nov.  22,  '62. 
FRY,  Jacob. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  E.  146 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
FULLER,  Hiram. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
FULLER,  Peter.— Private  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B.  this 

regt.   June   24,   '63 ;    disch.    for   dis.    Sept.    7,    '63 ;    also   borne   as 

Peter  J. 
FURGUSON,  John.— A.  36,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co. 

K.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64. 
FURNER,  Charles  B. — A.  17,  Enr.  Jan.  18,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  severely  w. 

in  ac.  May  12,  '64,  Spottsylvania  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  K.  140  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  prom,  to  Corp.;  transf.  Co.  E.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '65;   M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65,   Hart's  Island,  N.   Y. 

Harbor.     [P.  O.  Marshall,  Mich.] 
FURNER,  Walter  E. — A.  17,  Enr.  Jan.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May   5,   '64,   Wilderness,   Va. ;    died   of   wounds   June  26,   '64,   at 

Washington,  D.   C. 
GAFFNEY,  Michael. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  died  of 

inflammation  of  the  lungs,  Feb.  25,  '63,  in  Reg.  Hosp.,  Falmouth,  Va. 
GAGE,  William.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  I.  this  reg. 

June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  Jan.  28,  '64. 
GAGNIER,  Barney  J. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  Aug.  30,  '65,  at  hosp.  Detroit, 

Mich. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      389 

GAIL,  James  T. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  5,  '62,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. 
GALLAGHER,  Hugh. — A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull 

Run,  Va. ;  paroled;  Corp.  Dec.  28,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettys- 
burg, Pa.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
GALPIN,  Henry  M.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  Sgt.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  1st  Sgt.  June  30,  '62;  v^^.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ; 

disch.  Sept.  18,  '62,  for  prom.— Capt.  Co.  A.  121  N.  Y.  V.  L  Aug. 

4,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64;  Major  March  31,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Oct. 

19,  '64,  Cedar  Creek,  Va. ;  com'd  Lieut.-Col.,  not  mustered ;  disch. 

for  dis.   from  wounds  Dec.  21,  '64;   died  of  consumption  March 

15,  '71,  at  Jacksonville,  111.;  is  interred  at  Rural  Cemetery,  Albany, 

N.  Y. 
GAMMEL,  William  W.— Private  Co.  C.  14th  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co. 

I.  this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf. 

to  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  to  Co.  H.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

k.  in  ac.  March  31,  '64,  at  White  Oak  Road,  Va. ;  also  borne  as 

Samuel. 
GANYER,  John.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.   II,  '64;  disch.  April  23,  '65;  also  borne  as 

Gonyon. 
GARDNER,  Charles  W.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  died 

of  heart  disease  Oct.  25,  '63,  at  Auburn  Mills,  Va. 
GARDNER,  Elias  D.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  died  of 

disease  Nov.  19,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
GARDNER,  Josiah  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Vet.  Res.  Corps  Feb.  i,  '64;  died  at  Rushville,  N.  Y. 
GARDNER,  Marshall  H.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '6S- 
GARDNER,  Robert  W.— A.  31,  Enr.  Sept.  22,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  Corp. 

March  21,  '64;  k.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 
GARDNER,  William  F.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  cap. 

in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

Oct.  II,  '64. 
GARNER,  Zavier.— A.  18,  Enr.  Feb.  15,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  May  13, 

'64,  Spottsylvania  C.  H.,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor, 

Va. ;  no  record  after  Aug.  31,  '64. 
GARVEY,  Chauncey  D.— A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  re- 
enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  thrice  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel 

Hill,  Va.;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  3  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Feb.  23,  '65;  disch.  Aug. 

9,  '65,  at  Burlington,  Vt.     [P.  O.  Preston,  Md.,  R.  F.  D.  No.  2.] 
GASKILL,  Charles  B.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  2nd 

Lieut.  Co.  K.  Dec.  23,  '61 ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  June  2^,  '62,  Gaines 

Mills,  Va.;  ist  Lieut.  May  i,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  18,  '62.— Sub. 


390       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

serv.  Capt.  78  U.  S.  C.  T.  Feb.  ,  '63;  Major  81  U.  S.  C.  Inf. 

Nov.  ,  '63;  Lieut.-Col.  March  ,  '64;  Col.   Sept.  ,  '64; 

resigned  Dec.  31,  '65;  appointed  Capt.  40  U.  S.  Inf.  Dec.  ,  '66; 

Brevet  Major  and  Brev.  Lieut.-Col.  U.  S.  A.  April ,  '67;  transf. 

to  25  U.  S.  Inf.  in  '68;  det. ;  Asst.  Adjt.  Genl.  Post  of  Port  Hudson, 

La.,  and  of  Corps  D'Afrique  in  '63-4;  A.  A.  A.  G.  stafif  of  Gen. 

Miles  Com'd'g  Dist.  of  N.  C.  in  '68;  resigned  Nov.  '69.     [P.  O. 

Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.] 
GASNOR,  George  W.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64;  also  borne  as  Jasnor. 
GATES,  Charles  C. — A.  33,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  F. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Feb.  6,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va.,  as  Charles  E. ;  prior  service, 

Private  Co.  B.  10  N.  Y.  Mil.,  June  and  July,  1861,  at  Albany  Bar- 
racks. 
GATES,  George. — A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  18,  '61,  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62, 

Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  Corp.  Dec.  13,  '62;  k.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel 

Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  George  F. 
GATES,  Oliver. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  11,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  I. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  3,  '65. 
GAULEY,  Richard. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  died  of  wounds  Aug.  20,  '63,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Ganley. 
GAY,  John. — A.  20,  Enr.   Sept.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  I. ;   disch.   for  dis. 

Feb.  24,  '63,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.     [P.  O.  Hudson,  N.  Y.] 
GENNSER,  Peter.— Private  Co.  C.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  K.  this 

regt.   June   24,    '63 ;    no    record    after    July   8,    '64 ;    also    borne   as 

Germser. 
GEIGER,  Joseph. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Feb.  II,  '63,  at  Conv.  Camp,  Alexandria,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Gerger; 

died  Oct.  11,  '09,  at  Soldiers'  Home,  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
GEORGE,  Henry  W. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  as  Henry 

N.  [P.  O.  San  Diego,  Cal.] 
GIBBS,  Charles  Warren. — A.  23,  Enr.   Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  2d 

Lieut.  Co.  F.  Oct.  i,  '61 ;  ist  Lieut.  May  i,  '62;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62,  2d  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  paroled  Sept.  11,  '62;  Capt.  Co.  I.  Dec. 

25,  '62 ;  disch.  Oct.  i,  '63 ;  apptd.  Capt.  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Sept.  24,  '63 ; 

resigned  April  11,  '66. — Prior  serv.,  private  Co.  B.   10  N.  Y.  Mil. 

June  I  to  Aug.  8,  '61,  at  Albany  Barracks.     [P.  O.  287  Van  Buren 

St.,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.] 
GIBBS,  John  J. — A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  H. 

Oct.  25,  '62 ;  no  record  after  Jan.  26,  '63,  in  Chester  Hosp.,  Phila- 
delphia, Pa. 
GIBNEY,  Barnard.— A.  44,  Enr.  at  Plattsburg,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  2,  '62,  3 

yrs. ;  unassigned ;  no  record  after  Oct.  2,  '62. 
GIBNEY,  Lewis. — A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp.  Dec.  29, 

'62;  Sgt.  Jan.  5,  '63;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  11,  '64;  k.  in  ac.  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      391 

GIBNEY,  Patrick.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C;  transf.  Co. 

H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65- 
GIBSON,  Robert.— Private  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  A.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Nov.  i,  '63;  no  further 

record. 
GIDDINGS,  Andrew  A.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  5,  '64 — arm  amputated — Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  — . 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  disch.  for  dis.  May  15,  '65,  at  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.;  died  Jan.  23,  '80,  at  Sellersville,  Pa. 
GIDDINGS,  John  K.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  severely 

w^.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  F.  140  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  Aug.  22,  '6s,  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.   [P.  O. 

Batavia,  N.  Y] 
GIFFORD,  Francis  M.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  disch. 

for  dis.  Jan.  4,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
GILBERT,  Lewis  Patch.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrfi.  Co.  H. ;  Corp. 

Jan.  I,  '62 ;  cap.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled  Oct., 

'62;  ret.  to  ranks  April  2.T,  '64;  w.  Aug.,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64;  died  June  28,  '66,  at  Paw  Paw,  Mich;  also  borne  as  Louis  P. 
GILBERT.  Thomas.— Private,  Co.  D.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  disch.  for  dis.  April  27,  '64,  at  Washington, 

D.  C. 
GILKERSON,  George  W.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  w. 

in  ac.  May  2"],  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds 

Nov.  18,  '62,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
GILL,  Wallace.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Sgt.  Sept.  20, 

'61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Aug.  9,  '62,  at  Fairfax  Seminary,  Va. 
GILLAND,  Alexander.— A.  34,  Enr.  Jan.  25,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  H.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O. 

of  Co. 
GILLEN,  James.— A.  18,  Enr.  at  Malone,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co. 

C. ;  transf.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died  of  disease  March  5,  '65, 

at  Div.  Hosp.,  Hatchers  Run,  Va. 
GILLIN,  James. — Enr.  Feb.  19,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  22,  '64, 

North  Anna,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  June  27,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
GILMORE,  Nathan.— A.  21,  Enr.  Feb.  29,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  no  record 

after  April   10,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
GODFREY,  Darwin  F.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  Sgt. 

Sept.  25,  '61;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  also  borne  as  Gibney. 
GODFREY,  Henry.— A.  32,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61  and  mustered  in  as  Corp. 

in  band;  disch.  June  2,  '62,  as  3d  class  muse. [P.  O.  Clinton  Heights, 

Rensselaer,  N.  Y.] 
GOFF,  Walter. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  30.  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  no  record  after 

Oct.  3,  '62. 
GOODMAN,  William  J.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  Corp. 
Sept.  20,  '61 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 


392       44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

GOODRICH,  Erastus  L.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  Corp. 

Jan.  7,  '63 ;  Sgt.  July  12,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64;  also  borne  as  Erastus  R. 
GOODRICH,  William  H.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  from  wounds  Aug.  12,  '64,  at  Central  Park,  New  York  City. 

[P.  O.  249  W.  135th  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y.] 
GOOLD,  James  S. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  Corp.  Aug.  12,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62,  2d  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  Sgt.  June  5,  '63 ;  com'd.  2d  Lieut.  Aug.  18, 
'63;  disch.  Dec.  22,  '63,  for  prom. — Capt.  Dec.  31,  '63,  20  U.  S.  C.  Inf.; 
M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  7,  '65,  at  Wards  Island,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Boyn- 
ton,  Fla.] 

GOOLD,  Theodore  B.— Private,  Co.  F.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  19,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  76  Co.  2d  Batt.  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  no 

date;  M.  O.  June  26,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C.  [P.  O.  Rock  Rapids, 

Iowa] 
GORDON,  David. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  transf.  Co. 

F.  20  Regt.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Feb.  6,  '64;  M.  O.  Sept.  10,  '64,  as  David 

H.  Gordon. 
GORTON,  Simon  A.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  June  23, 

'63  to  Co.  K.  this  regt.;  det.  3d  Mass  Batt.  June,  '63  to  April,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  H.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65;  borne 

also  as  Simeon. 
GOULD,  Charles. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  D. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65-     [?•  O. 

Middleport,  N.  Y.] 
GOULD,  James  E.— Private,  Co.  F.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  19,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne 

as  Goold. 
GRAHAM,  Joseph. — A.  27,  Enr.  Jan.  5,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  w.  in  ac.  May 

5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va.;  transf.  Co.  K.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

M.  O.  July  16,  '65. 
GRAHAM,  Marion  F. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  6,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. — 

wholly  disabled — July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  transf.  Co.  D.  24  Regt. 

Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  15,  '64;  M.  O.  June  27,  '65,  at  Washington, 

D.  C.  [P.  O.  Matherton,  Mich.] 
GRANNIS,  Charles  D.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  and  prom,  ist  Sgt.  Sept.  20,  '61;  cap.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62, 

Gaines  Mill,  Va. ;  paroled ;  2d  Lieut.  Nov.  30,  '62 ;  ist  Lieut.  Dec. 

31,  '62;  Capt.  Co.  B.  Sept.  i,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died 
Jan.  12,  01,  at  Alamo,  Mich. 

GRANT,  Ira  A.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  K. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64  while  absent  sick. 
GRAVES,  Jr.,  Anthony  G. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Sgt. 

Sept.  6,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  ist  Sgt.  Aug. 


GEORGE  H.  SPRY. 

George  Henry  Spry  was  born  in  Norwich,  N.  Y..  August  14,  1840. 
He  received  his  education  at  Norwich  Academy,  and  Cazenovia  Semin- 
ary, Enlisted  in  Company  D.  of  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  in  August,  1861 
and  left  Albany  with  the  regiment  in  October,  1861  ;  was  captured  in 
action,  July  i,  1862,  at  Second  Bull  Run  and  paroled. 

After  being  mustered  out  with  his  regiment  in  October,  1864,  he 
returned  to  Norwich  and  began  the  study  of  Law.  Was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  in  May,  1866.  In  June  he  located  in  Leavenworth,  Kansas, 
and  began  practicing  his  profession.  October  9,  1867  he  married 
Edna  J\t.,  daughter  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  David  Hayes  of  Mt.  Upton,  N.  Y. 

In  1875  he  removed  to  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  and  became  known  as 
one  of  the  best  Probate  lawyers  in  Minnesota. 

July  12,  1898,  he  was  instantly  killed  in  a  street  car  accident.  His 
wife,  four  sons  and  two  daughters  survive  him. 


THE   . 
PUBLi. 


ASTOR, 
TILDEN  FOt 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      393 

14,  '62;  cap.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va.;  paroled;  2d  Lieut. 

Co.  G.  Dec.  25,  '62;  transf.  Co.  F.  March  19,  '63;  ist  Lieut.  Co.  H. 

Jan.  9,  '64 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  23,  '64 ;  North  Anna,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

from  wounds  June  30,  '64. — Sub.   serv. :  Aug.  25,  '64,   Private,   1 1 

N.  Y.  Ind.  Bat.  Light  Arty.;  ist  Sgt. ;  2d  Lieut.  Oct.  15,  '64;  com'd. 

1st  Lieut.,  not  mustered ;  det.  comdg.  amb.  corps ;  A.  A.  Q.  M. ;  M.  O. 

April  9,  '65,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. — Prior  serv.  as  Private,  Co.  B.  10  N. 

Y.  S.  M.,  at  barracks,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  July  and  Aug.,  '61.    [P.  O. 

180  Washington  Ave.,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 
GRAVES,  John  J.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp.  Aug. 

14,  '62;  transf.  V.  R.  C.  Sept.  16,  '63;  M.  O.  Sept.  18,  '64.  [P.  O. 

151/2  Seneca  St.,  Buffalo,  N.  Y.] 
GRAY,  Charles. — A.  25,  Enr.  Feb.  20,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  no  record  after 

Mar.  17,  '64. 
GRAY,  Stephen  D. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  wagoner; 

ret.  to  ranks;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64.     [P.  O.  Greene,  N.  Y.] 
GRAY,  Thomas  J. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs. ;  first  class  Muse. ; 

M.  O.  with  band  July  10,  '62,  as  2d  class  muse,  at  Harrison's  Land- 
ing, Va. 
GREACEN,  Orlando. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  transf. 

Vet.  Res.  Corps  Nov.  15,  '63. 
GREEN,  Benjamin. — A.  52,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.;  Sgt.  in  band;  M. 

O.  July  10,  '62,  as  first  class  muse. 
GREEN,  Emory  C. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  6,  '62,  at  Italy,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs.  Co. 

C. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  Corp. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8, 

'64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

transf.  3d  Regt.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  20,  '65 ;  disch.  April  9,  '65 ; 

died  Nov.  14,  1902,  at  Rushville,  N.  Y. 
GREEN,  George. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64.  [P.  O.  Juniata,  Neb.] 
GREEN,  Henry  A. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  ist  class  muse,  in 

band;  M.  O.  July  10,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Va. 
GREEN,  Herbert  A. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  died  of 

fever  in  '62,  at  New  York  City. 
GREENE,  Samuel  R.— Private,  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  Corp.  April  28,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23, 

'64;  transf.  to  Co.  H.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  il,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  31, 

'65,   at  White  Oak  Road,  Va. ;   died  of  wounds  May  11,  '65,   at 

Lincoln  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
GREENE,  William  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  ist  Sgt. 

Sept.  25,  '61 ;  disch.  April  i,  '62  for  prom. — 1st  Lieut.  Co.  D.  25 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Jan.  10,  '62;  resigned  Oct.  13,  '62. 
GREENWELL,  Robert.— Private,  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co. 

D.  this  regt.  June  28,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  June  5,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  to  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

M.  O.  Nov.  28,  '64. 


394       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

GREENWOOD,  William.— A.  — ,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  7  Vet.  Res.  Corps ;  M.  O.  June  29,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
GREGG,  Adgate  T. — A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Corp.  Dec. 

19,  '62;  Color-Corp.  May  8,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at 

Albany,  N.  Y.  [R  O.  Dayton,  N.  Y.] 
GREGORY,  David. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  "62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  cap.  on 

picket  Aug.  9,  '64,  Weldon  R.  R.,  Va. ;  confined  in  Libby  prison, 

Richmond,  Va.,  and  at   Salisbury,  N.  C.  7  months ;  transf.  Co.  I. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  exchanged  Feb.,  '65;  M.  O.  June  9,  '65, 

at  hosp.,  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Renssalaer,  N.  Y.] 
GREEMS,  Dempster.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  died  of 

disease  July  11,  '62,  at  Masters  Street  Gen'l  Hosp.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
GRIFFIN,  Abraham  M. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  27,  '63,  at 

Alexandria,  Va. ;  re-enlisted  Jan.  12,  '64 ;  disch.  May  7,  '65,  at  Hart's 

Island,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Mill  Brook,  N.  Y.] 
GRIFFIN,  William. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  x6,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md.     [P.  O.  Soldiers'  Home,  Quincy, 

111.] 
GRIFFITH,  Hugh.— Private,  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this   regt.  June  24,  '63;  absent  in  hosp.   since  June,   '63;   dropped 

Aug.  10,  '64;  never  joined  the  regt. 
GRIFFITH,  James. — A.  23,  Enr.  Feb.  29,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  deserted 

March  15,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
GRIFFITH,  Thomas  E.— A.  — ,  Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf. 

to  Co.  B.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg, 

Pa.;  transf.  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  7,  '64. 
GRIFFITHS,  William.— Private,  Co.  I.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  M.  O.  Oct.  10,  '63. 
GRINNELL,  William  W.— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Sgt. 

April  I,  '62;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  paroled 

same  date;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  27,  '62,  at  hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
GRISWOLD,  Francis  M.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  k.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  buried  in  Natl.  Cemetery. 
GRISWOLD,  John  W.— A.  27,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64.  [P.  O.  Custer,  Mich.,  R.  F.  D.  No.  2.] 
GROAT,  George  S. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
GROSSMAN,  Henry.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  Oct. 

I,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent,  sick  at 
M.  O.  of  Co. 

GROTE,  Abram.— Private,  Co.  I.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 
this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  deserted  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  dis- 
honorably disch.  Feb.  16,  '66,  to  date  Oct.  11,  '64. 

GRUNWELL,  Nicholas  B.— A.  18,  Enr.  Feb.  20,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.; 
w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64 ; 
transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      395 

GUERNSEY,  Delos  W.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  on 

picket  April  30,  '62,  Yorktown,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  i,  '62,  at 

field  hosp.,  near  Yorktown,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Dilas  W. 
GUERNSEY,  Theodore.— A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
HADLEY,  Joseph  W. — A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  in  insane 

retreat  since  July  2,  '62,  no  further  record. 
HAGEMAN,  Jacob  Z.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Corp. 

Dec.  29,  '62;  Sgt.  Nov.  27,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died  — . 
HAGERTY,  Daniel.— A.  35,  Enr.  Feb.  27,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

May  31,  '65;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65,  at  Hart's  Island,  N.  Y. 
HAINES,  Peter. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

Corp.  May  8,  '65 ;  transf.  Co.  F.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65 ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65;  also  borne  as  Hanes.  [P.  O.  Seward,  N.  Y.] 
HALL,  Harvey  C. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  Corp.  July  i,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Yorkshire  Centre,  N.  Y.] 
HALL,  Wyman. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Oct.  ID,  '62,  at  Washington,  D.  C.  [P.  O.  Plainwell,  Mich.] 
HALLECK,  Artemas. — A.  21,  Enr.  March  11,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

while  absent  in  arrest  May  31,  '65;  absent  at  M.  O.  of  Co.;  no 

further  record. 
HALLECK,  Riley. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

K.  Oct.  26,  '62;  disch.  to  enlist  in  i  U.  S.  Arty.,  Sept.  12,  '64,  near 

Smithfield,  Va. ;  died . 

HALLENBECK,  Clark.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  w.  June 

21,  '63,  Upperville,  Va. ;  transf.   Co.  A.   Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.   Co. 

I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  12,  '64. 
HALLENBECK,  George  C. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.; 

disch.  for  dis.  July  12,  '62. 
HALLSAPPLE,  Myron.— Private,  Co.  D.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co. 

K.  this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  no  record  after  July  18,  '64. 
HAM,  Lysander. — A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  no  record  after 

May  7,  '62,  at  Yorktown,  Va. 
HAMILTON,  Stephen  M.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Feb.  25,  '63,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
HAMILTON,  William  H.— Private,  Co.  H.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to 

this  regt.  unassigned  June  24,  '6^ ;  no  further  record. 
HAMMOND,  Francis. — A.   21,  Enr.   Aug.  31,  '64,  3  yrs.    Co.   A.;   w. 

Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church ;  transf.  to  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  10,  '64;  absent  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
HAMMOND,  Henry  E.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled  Aug.  30,  '62,  2d 

Bull  Run,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Sept.   13,  '62,  at  Ebenezer  Hosp., 

Washington,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Henry  C. 


396       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

HAMMOND,  Hiram.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Jan.  25,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
HAMMOND,  John  M.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
HANES,  John. — A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  to  V. 

R.  C.  March  15,  '64;  died . 

[HANES,  Peter.— See  Haines]. 

HANSLE,  Frank. — Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.;  transf.  Co.  F.  140  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65,  as 

Frank  Hanson;  absent  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
HARDENBURG,  John  J.— A.  22,  Enr.   Sept.   16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.; 

Corp.  Jan.  i,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  July  4,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  2d 

Bull  Run,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  10,  '64,  Spottsylvania,  Va. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  from  wounds  Sept.  6,  '64;  com'd.  ist  Lieut,  not  mustered;  died 

Jan.  '88,  at  his  home.  Little  Falls,  N.  Y. 
HARDENBURGH,  Jacob.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp. 

Oct.  5,  '61 ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va ;  died 

of  wounds  July,  '62,  at  Richmond,  Va. 
HARDY,  Moses  F. — A.  40,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Vet. 

Res.  Corps  Oct.  25,  '63;  died  April  27,  '98. 
HARLOW,  John  R. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill, 

Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Sept.  i,  '62,  at  hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
HARNED,  James  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp. 

Feb.  I,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.;  died  at 

Norwich,  Conn. 
HARRINGTON,  Delevan  W.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C; 

transf.  Co.  B.  Oct.  25,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.,  '64,  at  Albany,  N. 

Y.  [P.  O.  U.  S.  Treas.  Dept.,  Washington,  D.  C] 
HARRINGTON,  Norman.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '65 ;  absent  on  furlough  at  M.  O.  of  Co ;  died . 

HARRIS,  David  S. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

June  18,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

10,  '64;  M.  O.  July  3,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C. ;  died  Jan.  14,  '09. 
HARRIS,  Erastus  L. — A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  2d  Bull  Run ;  Corp.  Aug.  30,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Sept.  24,  '62 ; 

w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  disch.  Nov.  18,  '63  for  prom. — 

2d  Lieut.  9  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Nov.  27,  '63;  resigned  as  ist  Lieut.  U.  S. 

C.  Inf.  Aug.  22,  '65;  died  Nov.  21,  '01,  of  Brights  disease,  at  his 

home,  Collins  Centre,  N.  Y. 
HARRIS,  George. — A.  43,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  disch.  for 

dis.  March  i,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. 
HARRIS,  Henry— A.  19,  Enr.  March  12,  '64,  at  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs. 

Co.  F. ;  no  record  after  May  i,  '64. 
HARRIS,  Jabez.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  Corp.  Sept. 

20,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.   May  27,  '62,   Hanover  C.   H.,  Va, ;   disch.   for 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      397 

wounds  Jan.    16,  '63,  at   Baltimore,   Md.    [P.   O.  964   Seneca   St., 

Buffalo,  N.  Y.] 
HARRIS,  William.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E.;  transf.  Co. 

I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '65;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
HARRISON,  Benjamin  E. — A.  30,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   D. ; 

transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  April  15,  '64;  M.  O.  Aug.  29,  '64.   [P.  O. 

Rock  City  Falls,  N.  Y.] 
HARRISON,  Laban.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.   II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.   [P.  O.  235  N.  Elm  St., 

Waterbury,  Conn.] 
HARVEY,  John.— Private,   Co.  A.   14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ; 

died  Sept.  24,  1907,  at  S.  and   S.  Home,  Bath,  N.  Y.;  buried  in 

Home  Cemetery. 
HASBROUCK,  Milton.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E;  w.  in 

ac.  July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64.     [P.  O.  c/o  E.  Harp,  New  Paltz,  N.  Y.] 
HASKELL,  Norman. — A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  29,  '62,  at 

Hanover  C.   H.,  Va. 
HASTINGS,  Benjamin  A.— Private,  Co.  K.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to 

Co.  K.  this  regt.  June  25,  '63 ;  no  record  after  July  18,  '64. 
HATCH,  Junius  H.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  Sgt.  Aug. 

30,  '61;  1st  Sgt.  Aug.  3,  '62;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  disch. 

for  prom.   June  27,   '64;   com'd.   2d   Lieut.   44   N.   Y.   V.   I.,   not 

mustered. — Sub.  serv. :  ist  Lieut.  Co.  D.  94  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Sept.,  '64; 

served  as  acting  Adjt.  of  a  Provisional  Batt.   for  defense  of  the 

Forts  near  Alexandria,  Va.,  July   12  to  Aug.    12,   '64;   w.   in  ac. 

April  I,  '65,  Five  Forks,  Va. ;  disch.  June  23,  '65.  [P.  O.  Lansing, 

Mich.] 
HATHAWAY,  Martin  L.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.   I.   Sept.  24,  '61 ;   Corp. ;   disch.  for  dis.  Jan.   17,  '63,  at  Point 

Lookout,  Md. 
HAVER,  William  W.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp.  Aug. 

30,  '61;   Sgt.   Nov.  27,  '62;   com'd.   2d.  Lieut,  not  mustered  Aug. 

18,  '63;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  li,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64. 

Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;   re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  at  Beaver  Dam   Sta.,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64;  transf.  Co.  A.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent,  sick  at 

M.  O.  of  Co. ;  no  further  record. 
HAVERLY,  Herman  V.   S.— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.; 

Corp.  Sept.  19,  '61 ;  M.  O.  March  3,  '65,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
HAWKINS,  John.— A.  25,  Enr.  April  8,  '64,  at  Catskill,  3  yrs. ;  mustered 

in  April  9,  '64  as  Private  unassigned,  never  joined  regt.;  no  further 

record. 
HAWKINS,  Westel  W.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  Sgt. 

Oct.  S,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  H.  as  Private,  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  died . 


398       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

HAYS,  Joel. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2, 

'63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64.  [P.  O.  146  Middle 

Ave.,  Saratoga,  N.  Y.] 
HAYS,  Nathaniel. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.   19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;   died  of 

typhoid  fever  May  13,  '62,  at  Annapolis,  Md. ;  also  borne  as  Nathan- 
iel E. 
HEAVNER,  Harrison. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  29,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled ;  transf.  Co.  K. 

Oct.  26,  '62;  no  further  record. 
HEEMANS,  Halstead.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  drum- 
mer; disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  30,  '62. 
HELME,  Joseph. — A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  22,,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Sept. 

30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church;  transf.  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent  at  M.  O. 

of  Co. ;  no  further  record. 
HELMER,  William.— Private,  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  enlisted  Sept.  2, 

'61 ;  transf.  to  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  disch.  as  of  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Sept.  2,  '63.     Sub.  serv. :  re-enlisted  Dec.  28,  '63  for  3  yrs.  in 

Co.  E.  2d  N.  Y.  V.  Arty,  as  William  K. ;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps. 

April  17,  '65 ;  M.  O.  Aug.  10,  '65,  at  Plattsburg,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne 

as  William  R. 
HEMSTREET,  Alvin  L.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Jan.  19,  '62,  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
HENDERSON,  George  E.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Sgt. 

Oct.  3,  '62;  ret.  to  ranks  Dec.  24,  '62;  no  record  after  June  30,  '63, 

at  Frederick,  Md. 
HENDRICKSON,  Abram. — A.  41,  Enr.  June  24,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w. 

in  ac.  Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church ;  transf.  Co.  H.  146  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  absent  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
HENDRICKSON,   James.— A.    18,   Enr.   Oct.    18,   '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   F.; 

deserted  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  dishonorably  disch.  May  31, 

'65,  Washington,  D.  C. 
HENNEBERT,  Adolph.— A.  32,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64. 
HENNEGA,  Joseph. — Enr.  Aug.  20,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  27,  '64;  also 

borne  as  Hannagan. 
HERBERT,  Ambrose. — A.  22.,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61.  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.   26,  '62;  w.   in  ac.  Dec.   13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ; 

viT.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

6,  '64.  [P.  O.  S.  and  S.  Home,  Bath,  N.  Y.] 
HERENDEN,  George  B.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Sgt. 

Maj.  Oct.  6,  '61;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  I.  April  3,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  B. 

Aug.  19,  '62;  1st  Lieut,  and  Adjt.  Dec.  18,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63, 

Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  A.  A.  A.  G.  3d  Brg.  i  Div.  5  Corps,  July  2,  'dz  \ 

det.  by  order  War  Dept.  for  duty  in  Dept.  of  the  East,  Jan.  21,  '64; 

M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  11,  '64;  borne  on  rolls  as  Herendeen.     Prior 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      399 

serv. :   Private,   Co.   B   10  N.   Y.   Mil.  June   i,  '61   guard  duty  at 

barracks,  Albany,  N.  Y.,  to  Aug.  16,  '61.     [P.  O.  Wilmette,  Cook  Co., 

111.] 
HERKENHAM,  Charles.— A.  16,  Enr.  Feb.  i,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  transf. 

Co.  A.;  drummer,  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

10,  '64;  M.  O.  Feb.  2,  '65.     [P.  O.  815  Madison  St.,  Oakland,  Calif.] 
HERRICK,  Lorenzo. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  15.  '62,  at  hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Lorenzo 

S. 
HERRICK,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  6,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Dec.  II,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill, 

Va.;  transf.  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  5  N. 

Y.  V.  Inf.  March  31,  '65;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65;  died  June 

30,  '07,  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
HEUSTED,  John. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.,  Corp.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Dec.  29,  '62,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
HEWLETT,  John  P.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  died  of  disease  April  20,  '65,  at 

Nodaway  C.  H.,  Va. 
HIBBARD,  Peter  H.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp. 

prior  to  Dec,  '63;  transf.  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  E.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65;  died  at 

Branchport,  N.  Y.,  April  i,  '90. 
HICKOK,  Franklin  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  2"],  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va.;  disch.  for  wounds  Sept.  10,  '62, 

at  hosp.,  Providence,  R.  I. ;  also  borne  as  Hickox. 
HICKOKE,  Salmon  H. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  misg.  in 

ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  ret. ;  transf.  Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62 ; 

disch.   for  dis.   Feb.   19,   '63,  at  Point  Lookout,   Md. ;   also  borne 

as  Solomon  H.  Hickox. 
HILL,  Andrew  A. — A.  30,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  cap.  in  ac.  Nov.  27,  '63,  near  Rapahannock,  Va. ; 

died  of  disease  April  28,  '64,  at  Andersonville,  Ga. 
HILL,  Francis  A. — A.   19,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  13,  '65,  at  hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 

[P.  O.  Gloversville,  N.  Y.] 
HILL,  George  F. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62,  2d  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  11,  '64,  at  Washington, 

D.  C 
HILL,  George  V. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  deserted  and  enlisted  in  i  N.  Y.  V. 

Dragoons,   Aug.    10,  '62;    apprehended  and    returned  to  this  reg^t. 

Sept.  6,  '62;  deserted  Oct.  3,  '62. 
HILL,  Henry.— A.  26,  Enr.  Mar.  11,  '64,  at  Catskill,  N.  Y.  3  yrs.  Co.  P.; 

deserted  June  9,  '64,  Chickahominy  River,  Va. 
HILL,  Henry  V. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Akron,  N.  Y.] 


400       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

HILL,  Horace. — A.  i8,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  Corp.  March 

26,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64;  killed  by  R.  R.  accident  March  30,  '80,  near  Angola,  N.  Y. 
HILL,  John. — A.  19,  Enr,  Feb.  22,  '64,  3  yrs.  unassigned;  transf.  Co.  C. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  no  further  record. 
HILL,  John  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for  dis. 

May  15,  '63,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
HILL,  Wallace. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Dec.  21,  '62,  at  Baltimore,  Md.   [P.  O.  39  Hampshire  St.,  Buffalo, 

N.  Y.] 
HILL,  William  S. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62,  2d  Bull  Run;  also  borne  as  Millan. 
HILLABRANDT,  Lawrence  S. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ; 

Corp.  Sept.  6,  '61;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.; 

also  borne  as  Hillabrunz.  [P.  O.  Janesville,  Wis.] 
HILLIARD,  Charles.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  this 

regt.  unassigned  June  14,  '63 ;  no  further  record. 
HILLS,  Fred  D.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs. 

Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct.  3,  '62;  Sgt.  Jan.  31,  '63;  transf.  U.  S.  Signal 

Corps,  Army  of  the  Potomac,  Aug.  10,  '63 ;  prom.  Sgt.  Signal  Corps 

Jan.  I,  '64;  disch.  July  10,  '65,  at  Winchester,  Va.  [P.  O.  1418  E. 

53d  St.,  Chicago,  111.] 
HINCH,  William  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  M.  O.  June  7,  '65. 
HINCHMAN,  Edgar. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Oct.  26,  '62;  no  further  record. 
HINE,  John  F. ;  A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  died  of  measles, 

Nov.  22,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
HINES,  Patrick.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  June  21,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M. 

O.  June  3,  '65,  near  Alexandria,  Va. 
HINGHAM,  John   B.— A.  32,   Enr.   Oct.   4,  '61,  3  yrs.    Co.   I.;    Corp. 

Oct.  4,  '61 ;  no  record  after  Oct.  19,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
HISTANBRITTLE,  Dedrick.— A.  24,  Enr.   Sept.  8,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C; 

misg.  in  ac.  Sept.  30,  '64,  at  Poplar  Spring  Church,  Va. ;  returned; 

transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  20,  '64 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  27,  '65. 
HITCHCOCK,  Alonzo.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  29,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch. 

being  under  height,  Oct.  5,  '61. 
HITCHCOCK,  James  B.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in 

ac.  July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  Corp.  Nov.  16,  '62;  reg.  Q.  M. 

Sgt.  Jan.  7,  '63;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

[P.  O.  Scipioville,  N.  Y.] 
HITCHCOCK,  Robert.— A.  51,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  Corp.  in  Band;  disch. 

April  ID.  '62,  at  Yorktown,  Va. 
HOBART,  George  W.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  Corp. 

Oct.  3,  '62 ;  Sgt.  Dec.  24,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ; 

twice  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  9  Vet. 


OLIVER  W.  STURDEVANT. 

Enlisted  as  Private  at  Albany,  Aug.  ii,  1862.  Appointed  Corpora! 
Aug.  14,  1862.  Promoted  Sergeant  Sept.  28,  1863.  Joined  44th  New 
York  on  battlefield  of  Antietam.  Participated  in  battles  of  Fred- 
ericksburg, Chancellorsville  and  Gettysburg.  Called  before  General 
Casey's  examining  board,  Washington,  about  Oct.  i,  1863.  Appointed 
Captain  in  lOth  Reg.,  U.  S.  Col.  troops,  Nov.  3,  1863.  Served  on  Pro- 
vost Guard  at  City  Point  from  June,  1864  to  March,  1865.  Sent  to 
the  front  at  Chapin's  Farm.  Entered  Richmond  the  day  after  Lee's 
evacuation.  Sent  with  the  25th  Corps  to  Texas  in  June,  1865.  Re- 
signed at  Galveston  April  6,  1866. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      401 

Res.  Corp.   Aug.  9,  '64;   M.   O.   June  26,  '65,   Washington,   D.  C. 

[P.  O.  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.] 
HOCKNELL,  John. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  cap.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  June  3, 

'64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

cap.  in  ac.   March  31,  '65,  White  Oak  Ridge,  Va. ;  paroled  April 

2,  '65,  Aiken's  Landing,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  detachment  June  28,  '65, 

Annapolis,  Md. 
HOES,  Theodore.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Sgt.  Oct.  5, 

'61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Oct. 

25,  '62;  1st  Sgt.  Dec.  29,  '62;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  23,  '64;  w.  in 

ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  2d  Lieut.  July  2,  '63;   ist  Lieut. 

Sept.  20,  '63;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O. 

Stockport,  N.  Y.] 
HOFFMAN,  Jacob.— A.  23,  Enr.   Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  H. ;   Corp. 

April  28,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  regt. 

Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Williamsville,  N.  Y.] 
HOGAN,  Henry  B. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  15,  '62,  Philadelphia,  Pa. — Sub.  serv. :  Enr.  in  Co.  G.  187 

N.  Y.  V.  L,  at  Java,  N.  Y.,  i  yr. ;  disch.  July  5,  '65,  at  Buffalo,  N  Y. 

[P.  O.  Java  Village,  N.  Y.] 
HOLCOMB,  Lyman  A. — A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  18,  '62,  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
HOLCOMB,  Theodore.— A.   18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  cap. 

in  ac.  Nov.  7,  '63,  Rappahannock  Sta.,  Va. ;  died  in  prison  June  19, 

'64,  Andersonville,  Ga. 
HOLDRIDGE,  Asaph  M.— A.  23.  Enr.  Oct.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  transf. 

Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  25,  '63;  also  borne  as  Holdbridge. 
HOLLENBECK,  Peter.— Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;   disch.  for  dis.  May  18,  '64,  at  New 

York,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Hollenboke ;  died  . 

HOLLENBECK,  Edward.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf. 

Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3.  '65. 
HOLLENBECK,  William.— Private,  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y.  V.  L;  transf.  to 

Co.  B.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  July  10,  '63 ;  also 

borne  as  Millonus  Hallenbeck. 
HOLLISTER,  Lansing.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C ;  Sgt. 

Oct.  5,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  April  28,  '62,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
HOLMAN,  Charles  G.— Private,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  L ;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.   i,  '63;  also 

borne  as  Charles  S.  and  Charles  H. 
HOLMES,  George  M.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled;  disch.  for  dis. 

Oct.  27,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.   [P.  O.  S.  and  S.  Home,  Bath, 

N.  Y.] 
HOLMES,  John.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Corp.  Aug.,  '62 ; 

transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  June  22,  '63. 


402       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

HOLT,  John  B. — A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Corp.  Feb.  i,  '62; 

w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23, 

'64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65. 

[P.  O.  29  Prospect  St.,  Manchester,  N.  H.] 
HOOKER,  Hull.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C   H.,  Va. ;  k.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines 

Mills,  Va. 
HOOKER,  Leroy  J. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  May  i,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.   C. ;   died  June  28,  '08,  at  his 

home.  Falconer,  N.  Y.,  from  an  accidental  fall. 
HOOPER,  Alonzo. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  det.  with  ist 

Regt.  U.  S.  Arty.  Oct.  15,  '62  to  Aug.,  '64;  no  further  record. 
HORTON,  Andrew  J. — A.  36,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  July  30,  '63;  died . 

HORTON,  Hiram.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  F. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  died  Jan.  15,  '65. 
HORTON,  Orlando. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.   30,   '62,  2d  Bull   Run,  Va. ;   disch.    for   dis.   Nov.   10,   '62,  at 

Washington,  D.  C.  [P.  O.  St.  Charles,  Iowa] 
HORTON,  William  B.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  2d  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Sept.  14,  '62,  at 

Washington,  D.  C. 
HOSFORD,   Hoadly. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.   17,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  I.;  Corp. 

Sept.  23,  '61;   Sgt.  Jan.  7,  '63;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.   19,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10, 

'64;  transf.  Co.  H.  Nov.  2,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  July  16,  '65;  com'd. 

^d  Lieut.  Sept.  16,  '64,  but  not  mustered. 
HOSKINS.  Michael  C— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Fifer; 

returned  to  ranks  Sept.,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Auburn,  N.  Y.] 
HOTCHKISS,  Henry.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Feb.  16,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
HOUCK,  John  L.— Muse,  Co.  I  N.  Y.  V.  L ;  transf.  to  this  regt.  June 

24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Clarksville,  N.  Y.] 
HOUGHTON,  Harrington.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C; 

w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  Corp.  June  i,  '64;  transf.  Co. 

E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  L  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  May 

31,  '65;  Sgt.  July  24,  '64;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Aug.  21,  '65,  at  Hart's 

Island,  N.  Y. ;  died  Nov.  10,  '05,  at  Quinlan,  Okla. 
HOUSE,   Emanuel. — A.  23,  Enr.   Oct.   15,   '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   I. ;   died  of 

typhoid  fever,  April  22,  '62,  at  Old  Point  Comfort,  Va. 
HOWARTH,  Thomas.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for 

insanity.  May  20,  '62. 
HOWELL,  Wellington. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  I.;  no 

record  after  Oct.  20,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
HOWES,  Orrin. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

May  8,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      403 

ROWLAND,  William  R— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ; 

w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.   Co.  D.   146  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  6,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  July  16,  '65;  also  borne  as  William 

T.;   died  . 

H0WLE;TT,  Henry  C— A.  32,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Regtl. 

Q.  M.  Sgt.  Sept.  5,  '61 ;  killed  by  lightning  May  30,  '62,  in  camp 

at  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 
HOYLAND,  Charles  E.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  14.  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 

Jan.,  '63;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64, 

Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  10,  '64,  Spottsylvania,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  unassigned  Oct.  6,  '64; 

M.  O.  as  Supernumerary  non-com'd.  officer  Dec.  3,  '64;  com'd.  2d 

Lieut.  Nov.  9,  '64,  not  mustered. 
HOYT,  George  F. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  died  of  disease 

April  10,  '64,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 
HUBBARD,  Lucius  W.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C;  transf. 

Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  died  Oct.  16,  '64,  at  Reams  Sta., 

Va. 
HUBBARD,  Manley  H.— Muse,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  H. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65.  [P.  O.  Port  Leyden, 

N.  Y.,  R.  F.  D.  No.  I] 
HUBBELL,  Daniel  W.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  July  9,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
HUBBELL,  William.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  died  of 

typhoid  fever  April  27,  '62,  Fort  Monroe,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Wil- 
liam H. 
HUCKANS,  Henry  C. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  disch. 

for  dis.  Oct.  26,  '62,  at  hosp.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.  [P.  O.  Broadalbin, 

Fulton  Co.,  N.  Y.] 
HUDSON,  John.— A.  16,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Fife  Maj.;  transf.  to 

band  April  9,  '62;  M.  O.  July  10,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Pa. 
HUGHES,  Albert  E.  D. — A. ,  Enr.  and  mustered  in  as  Sgt.  Co.  I. 

Oct.  4,  '61 ;  no  record  after  Oct.  5,  '61. 
HUGHSON,  John.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  L;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  S.  and  S.  Home,  Bath, 

N.  Y.] 
HULL,  Andress  B. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  July 

22,  '62;   Sgt.   Dec.  8,  '63;   disch,  for  prom.  Jan.  14.  '64. — Capt.  20 

U.  S.  C  Inf.  Jan.  25,  '64;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  7,  '65;  also  borne 

as  Albert  B. ;  died  Aug.  24,  '06  at  his  home,  Evanston,  111. 
HULL,  Edwin  A. — A.  21,  Enr.   Aug.   15,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  B. ;   died  of 

disease,  July  25,  '62,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
HULL,  Marvin. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  died  of  disease 

Aug.  10,  '62,  at  Fort  McHenry,  Md. 
HULL,  William  W.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61.  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

F.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  5,  '62,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 


404       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

HUNGERFORD,  Elisha.— Private,  Co.  D.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to 
Co.  H.  this  regt.  June  19,  '63;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf. 
Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  transf.  to  119  Co.  2d  Bat.  Vet. 
Res.  Corps  Feb.  2,  '65;  M.  O.  June  15,  '65. 

HUNT,  Edward  B.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  disch.  for 
dis.  Oct.  17,  '61. 

HUNT,  Eli.— A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept. 
23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  24, 
'64,  at  Weldon,  R.  R.,  Va. 

HUNT,  Orson  G. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for  dis. 
April  17,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va.  [P.  O.  228  Lafayette  Ave.,  Syra- 
cuse, N.  Y.] 

HUNT,  Thomas  H. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 
July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  died  of  wounds  July  24,  '63,  in  hosp., 
Gettysburg,  Pa. 

HUNTER,  George  R. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  w.  in 
ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va.;  Corp.  Dec.  24,  '62;  Sgt.  no 
date;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va.;  transf.  Co.  K.  19 
Regt.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Aug.  9,  '64;  M.  O.  July  12,  '65,  at  Elmira, 
N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Rushville,  N.  Y.] 

HUNTLEY,  Justin  R.— A.  17,  Enr.  March  31,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  died 
of  fever  Aug.  26,  '64,  at  Whitehall,  near  Bristol,  Pa. 

HURD,  Allen  J.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  Corp.  Aug.  30, 
'61 ;  cap.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  2nd  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  paroled  Sept.,  '62 ; 
Sgt.  Feb.,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds 
July  13,  '63,  at  Div.  hosp.,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

HURD,  Lester. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  Oct. 
12,  '61.  [P.  O.  Perrysburg,  N.  Y.] 

[HUSON,  John.— See  Hughson]. 

HUSSEY,  Patrick.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  for 
dis.  Oct.  22,  '61. 

HUSTED,  Albert  N.— A.  28,  Enr.  and  mustered  in  as  2d  Lieut.  Co.  E. 
Sept.  6,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  Jan.  28,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  [slight]  May,  '63, 
Chancellorsville,  Va. ;  Capt.  Co.  L  May  6,  '64;  M.  O.  on  consolida- 
tion Oct.  II,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va.  [P.  O.  314  Hamilton  St., 
Albany,  N.  Y.] 

HUYCK,  Robert  L. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for 
dis.  May  lo,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. ;  died  Nov.  5,  '03. 

HYER,  Leander.— Private,  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y.  V.  L;  transf.  to  this  regt. 
Feb.  12.  '64;  no  further  record. 

HYERS,  John.— Private,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  L;  transf.  to  Co.  F.  this 
regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  146 
N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  ID,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65;  also  borne  as  Myers. 
[P.  O.  Lyonsdale,  N.  Y.] 

HYSER,  Jacob  N.— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp.  March 
I,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64, 
Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      405 

ILES,  John. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.   30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Jan.  7,  '63,  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  332  Church  St.,  Lockport, 

N.  v.] 
ILSLEY,  Henry  B. — A.  34,  Enr.  March  11,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '65 ;  M.  O.  June  30,  '65. 
INGALLS,  Franklin. — A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  18,  '61 ;  also  borne  as  Ingoll. 
INGALLS,  Hamilton  E. — A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  disch. 

for  dis.  Feb.  8,  '62,  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
INGERSOLL,  Cyrus. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  Corp.  Nov.  28,  '62 ;  Sgt.  May  25,  '63 ;  re-enlisted 

as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  ist 

Sgt.  Jan.  16,  '65;  M.  O.  July  29,  '65.  [P.  O.  Carmel,  N.  Y.] 
INGERSOLL,  Martin  V.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  22.  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  re-enlisted 

as  a  vet.  Feb.  11,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  A.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O. 

of  Co.  [P.  O.  10  Murray  St.,  New  York,  N.  Y.] 
INGOLL,  Franklin. — A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  18,  '61 ;  also  borne  as  Ingalls. 
INGRAHAM,  John  R. — A.  42,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  F.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Feb.  5,  '65,  Hatcher's 

Run,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  F.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65 ;  absent,  sick 

at  M.  O.  of  Co.;  Veteran. 
INMAN,  Burt. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac.  Nov., 

'63,  Mine  Run,  Va. ;  Corp.  April  27,  '64 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64.  Laurfel 

Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  Brevet  2d  Lieut,  by  the  Gov. 

of  New  York,  Aug.  7,  '67.  [P.  O.  Dayton,  N.  Y.] 
IRELAND,  Edward  S. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  hosp. 

steward  Dec.  28,  '62;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  11,  '64,  Albany,  N.  Y. 
IRISH,  Oliver  K. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.   19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
IRONS,  John  M.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
ISAACS,  I.  Henry. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericks- 
burg,  Va. ;    disch.   for  dis.   from  wounds   March  9,  '63,   at   hosp., 

Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Isaac  Isaacs.  [P.  O.  Nelson,  N.  Y.] 
JACKSON,  Albert  J.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  March  9,  '63,  Alexandria,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Albert  A.  [P.  O. 

New  Berlin,  N.  Y] 
JACKSON,  Charles  J.— A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  ist  Sgt. 

Aug.  30,  '61;  returned  to  ranks  June  i,  '62;  absent,  sick  at  hosp. 

Annapolis,  Md.,  July  and  Sept.,  '62;  no  further  record. 


4o6       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

JACQUEMIN,  Frank.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  Corp. 

Jan.  13,  '63;  Sgt.  July  i,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. 
JAMES,  Elzor  B. — A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  ist  Lieut. 

Oct.  3,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  31,  '63;  died  May  20,  '83,  at  his  home, 

Italy,  N.  Y. 
JAPE,  John.— A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Knox,  Clarion  Co.,  Pa.] 
JENNINGS,  Alfred. — A.  34,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Dec.  21,  '62,  at 

Washington,  D.  C. 
JENNINGS,  Asa  C. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  and 

c.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  2d  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  exchanged ;  disch.  Jan.  13, 

'66,  by  order  of  War  Dept.  [P.  O.  North  Collins,  N.  Y.] 
JERAMS,  James  H.— Private,  Co.  A. ;  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65. 
JERMES,  Jesse.— Private,  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ; 

also  borne  as  Jesse  B.  Jones. 
JEROME,  James  J.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
JOHNSON,  Benjamin. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

[P.  O.  Box  29,  Highland.  N.  Y.] 
JOHNSON,  Ervine  E.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  M.  O, 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Alamo,  Mich.] 
JOHNSON,  Frank  M.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  4,  '63.  [P.  O.  4912  Woodland 

Ave.,  West  Philadelphia]. 
JOHNSON,  James.— Private,  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '62;  transf.  132  Regt.  2d  Bat.  Vet.  Res.  Corps 

Dec.   3,   '63;    M.    O.   July   11,   '65,   at   Frederick,   Md.    [P.    O.   85 

Kassouth  St.,  Utica,  N.  Y.] 
JOHNSON,  John  C— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Sept.  24,  '62,  at 

Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  John  Johnson ;  died  Dec.  13,  '04,  at 

Muncie,  Ind. 
JOHNSON,  John  T.— A.  34,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  . ;  Muse. 

Oct  3,  '62;  returned  to  ranks;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg, 

Va. ;   w.  in  ac.   May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;   transf.   Co.   H.   140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  38  Regt.  2d  Bat.  Vet.  Res.  Corps; 

disch.  March  31,  '65;  died  1899. 
JOHNSON,  Richard  L.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  27,  '62,  at  Union  Genl.   Hosp.,  Georgetown,  D.   C. 

[P.  O.  1021  6th  Ave.,  New  York,  N.  Y.] 
JOHNSON,  Seth  F.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Sgt.  Aug. 

30,  '61;  1st  Sgt.  Jan.  I,  '62;  reg.  Q.  M.  Sgt.  June  i,  '62;  ist  Lieut. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      407 

Co.  G.  Dec.  18,  '62 ;  transf.  Co.  I.  March  23,  '63 ;  Capt.  Oct.  28,  '63 ; 

k.  in  ac.   May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  buried  in   Nat.  Cemetery, 

Fredericksburg,  Va. 
JOHNSON,  Simon  P.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Sgt.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  ist  Sgt.  June  i, 

'62;  ret.  to  ranks  Oct.  19,  '62;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  disch. 

Dec.  30,  '62. 
JOHNSON,  Thomas.— A.  18,  Enr.  March  5,  '64.  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf. 

Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65. 
JOHNSON,  William  R.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Sgt. 

Sept.  25,  '61 ;  ret.  to  ranks  May  25,  '63 ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec. 

28,  '63;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  Corp.  March  i,  '65;  w.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  Dabney's 

Farm,  Va. ;  M.  O.  Aug.  10,  '65,  at  Elmira,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Schodack 

Landing,  N.  Y.] 
JOHNSON,  William  C— Private   Co.  D.   14  N.  Y.  V.   I.;  enl.   Sept. 

15,  '62,  Utica,   N.   Y. ;   transf.   to   Co.   H.   this   regt.   June  24,  '63; 

transf.  to  Co.  C.  2d  N.  Y.  H.  Art.  as  Wm.  C.  Johnston,  April  i,  '64; 

M.  O.  May  30,  '65,  near  Alexandria,  Va. 
JOHNSON,  William  W.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  Sept.  19,  '61 ;  Corp.  Sept.  20,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Sept.  14,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  22,  '64,  at  North  Anna,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died  at 

S.  and  S.  Home,  Bath.  N.  Y.,  Oct.  29,  '07 ;  interred  at  Dayton,  N.  Y. 
JOHNSTON,  William  J.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  died 

of  inflammation   of  the  bov^^els   Nov.  2,  '63,  at  Div.   Hosp.,  near 

Rappahannock  Sta.,  Va. 
JOHNSTON,  William  J.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.   H.   Oct.  25,   '62;    M.   O.   with    Co.    11,   '64,   at  Albany,   N.   Y. 

[P.  O.  600  6th  St.,  N.  W.,  Washington,  D.  C] 
JONES,  Ebenezer. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Jan.  23,  '63,  at  Convalescent  Camp,  Va. 
JONES,  Franklin.— Private,  Co.  I.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  transf.  Co.  F.  Sept.  3,  '63 ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept. 

23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  absent,  w.  since 

Dec.  13,  '62 ;  no  record  after  Feb.  29,  '64. 
JONES,  Frederick.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co. 

A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
JONES,  James  W.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  re-enlisted  as 

a  vet.  Feb.  28,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  11,  '64;  disch. 

for  wounds  Dec.  9,  '64,  at  Washington,  D.  C. ;  died . 

JONES,  Levi  S. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Jan.  27,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va.     Sub.  serv. :  re-enlisted  in  121  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  July  23,  '62;  1st  Sgt.  Co.  B.  Aug.  23,  '62;  died  Aug.  13,  '63,  of 

bowel  hemorrhage,  at  New  Baltimore,  Va. 
JONES,  Lewis  A.— Private,  Co.  B.   14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  disch.  for  dis.  May  20,  '64,  at  York,  Pa. 
[P.  O.  Utica,  N.  Y.] 


4o8       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

JONES,  Luke. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ; 

disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  30,   '62,  at  Washington,  D.  C.    [P.  O.   North 

Western,  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.] 
JONES,  Watkin  Christmas. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E,; 

disch.  for  dis.  Sept.  22,  '62,  at  New  York  City;  also  borne  as  Christ- 
mas W.  Jones  [P.  O.  New  Cambria,  Mo.] 
JONES,  William  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Feb.  2,  '63,  at  New  York  City. — Sub.  serv. :  re-enlisted  Aug.  31, 

'63  as  private,  Co.  C.  14  N.  Y.  V.  Art.  for  3  yrs. ;  died  Oct.  19,  '64, 

in  hosp.,  of  wounds  received  in  action. 
JONES,  William  W.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  ist  Lieut. 

Sept.  5,  '61 ;  died  of  disease  May  5,  '62,  at  New  York,  N.  Y. 
JOSELYN,  George.— Private,  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  June  25,  '6s;  k.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 
JOSLYN,  John.— Private,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  D.  this  regt. 

Sept.  2,  '63;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V. 

I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  ;  no  further  record. 

JUBILIUS,  John.— Private,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  146 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
JUDD,  Lyman. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

May  23,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. ;  died  . 

JUDSON,  Hiram  A. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
KALDEN,  Owen.— Private,  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  died 

of  disease  Nov.  25,  '64,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
KANE,  Charles  S. — A.  39,  Enr.   Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.,  Corp.  in  band; 

M.  O.  with  band,  July  10,  '62,  as  2d   class  muse,  at  Harrison's 

Landing,  Va. 
KEARNEY,  Patrick.— A.  32,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  to 

Co.  K.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65,  as  Karney. 
KEELER,  Edgar. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  K. 

Oct.  26,  '62 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  5,  '62,  at  New  York  City. 
KELLER,  Henry. — A.  20,  Enr.   Sept.   12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  died  of 

disease  Dec.  23,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
KELLEY,  Frank  M. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Sgt.  Sept. 

27,  '61;  2d  Lieut.  March  23,  '63;  Actg.  Adjt.  April  6,  '63  to  April 

16,  '63;  det.  as  A.  D.  C.  and  A.  A.  A.  G.  3d  Brg.  Hdqrs.  April  27, 

'63;  A.  A.  D.  C.  Hdqrs.  A.  O.  P.  June,  '63;  resigned  March  18,  '64; 

Brevet  Capt.  U.  S.  V.  Aug.  5,  '67  for  "gall.,  faithful,  and  meri.  serv. 

during  the  war."     [P.  O.  71  Broadway,  New  York,  N.  Y.] 
KELLEY,  Harrison. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  ist  Lieut. 

Sept.  20,  '61 ;  cap.  in  field  hosp.,  Savage  Sta.,  Va.,  June  30,  '62 ; 

paroled  and  exchanged;  rejoined  regt.  Sept. ,  '62;  ist  Lieut,  and 

Adjt.  July  3,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  Capt. 


RUFUS  A.  TEELIXG. 

Born  in  Greenbush,  N.  Y.,  j\lay  9.  1841.  Juilisted  in  tin-  44th  Reg. 
N.  Y.  V.  I..  Sept.  1861.  Served  continuously  with  tlie  regiment  in  all 
engagements  and  sieges  until  the  battle  of  Gaines  Mills,  June  2"].  1862. 
Was  taken  prisoner  on  the  field  in  that  battle.  Confined  in  Castle 
Thunder  and  on  Belle  Isle  until  Sept.  13.  1862.  Was  then  paroled 
with  broken  health  and  taken  to  parole  camp  at  Annapolis.  Was  dis- 
charged for  physical  disability  at  Convalescent  Camp.  .Mexandria.  Va., 
February.  1863.  Recovered  and  re-enlisted  in  the  8th  N.  Y.  V.  Art., 
and  served  with   that   regiment  until  Lee's  surrender. 


ASTOK, 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      409 

Co.  G.  Dec.  18,  '62,  not  mustered ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds  Feb. 

9,  '63,  on  tender  of  resignation ;  also  borne  as  Kelly.     Prior  serv. : 

enlisted  April  21,  '61  in  Capt.  James  Smith's  Ind.  Batt.  Chi.  L.  A. 

111.,  V.  Art.  3  months;  disch.  July  15,  '61.     [P.  O.  99  Randolph  St., 

Chicago,  111.] 
KELLEY,  Henry.— Private,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  F.  this  regt. 

June  24,  '63;  tranfs.  75  Regt.  2d  Bat.  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  Jan.  15,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  D.  18  Regt.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  April  22,  '64;  M.  O.  with 

detachment  June  29,  '65. 
KELLEY,  Patrick.— Private,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  E. 

this  regt.  June  28,  '63 ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  24,  '64,  as  Patrick  T. 
KELLOGG,  Hastings. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  May  16,  '62.     [P.  O.  Brainard,  N.  Y.] 
KELLOGG,  Charles  A. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Oct.  4,  '61,  as  Charles  S. 
KELLY,  Charles. — A.  29,  Enr.  July  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  2d  Lieut.  Oct. 

3,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  ist  Lieut.  Co.  I. 

Jan.  31,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  died  May  i,  '07,  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y. 
KELLY,  George. — A.  25,  Enr.  Feb.  23,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  H. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  July  3,  '65. 
KELLY,  James   H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  F. ;  det.  to 

Signal  Corps  Jan.  13,  '62 ;  transf.  to  Signal  Corps  U.  S.  A.  June  24, 

'64;  prom.  Sgt.  Feb.,  '64;  re-enlisted  for  the  war,  Feb.,  '64;  served 

in  Western  armies ;  M.  O.  March  8,  '66,  at  Austin,  Texas ;  Brevet 

2d  Lieut,  by  the  Gov.  of  New  York,  Oct.  5,  '67.     [P.  O.  199  Hamilton 

St.,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 
KELSEY,  Albert  M.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  no  record 

after  Jan.  26,  '63,  in  hosp.,  at  New  York  City. 
KEMP,  John  W.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  det.  Co.  K.  i 

U.  S.  Arty.  Oct.  16,  '62,  until  Oct.  31,  '63;  cap.  in  ac.  June  29,  '64, 

Ream's  Sta.,  Va. ;  confined  at  Richmond,  Va. ;  sent  to  Andersonville, 

[Ga.]  prison,  July  16,  '64;  admitted  to  hosp.  and  died  of  diarrhoea 

Jan.  2J,  '65,  while  prisoner  of  war. 
KEMP,  Peter  H. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  11,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May,  '64,  North  Anna,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  June  22,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10, 

'64;  M.  O.  June  9,  '65. 
KENDALL,  Henry  C. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  Corp.  Jan.  7,  '63;  transf.  Vet.  Res. 

Corps  March  7,  '64.     [P.  O.  S.  and  S.  Home,  Quincy,  111.]. 
KENEDY,   D.   H. — Age,   date,  place  of  enlistment  and  muster  in  as 

Private  Co.  D.  not  stated;  wounded  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg, 

Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Dec,  '62. 
KENNEDY,  Henry  J.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  ys.  Co.  H. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Aug.  7,  '62,  Harrison's  Landing,  Va.     [P.  O.  Jacksonville, 

111.] 


4IO       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

KENNEY,  James  N. — A.  22,  Enr.  March  25,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf. 
Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct  10,  '64; 
M.  O.  July  16,  '65 ;  also  borne  as  James. 
KENVIL,  William.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  24,  '64,  3  yrs.;  transf.  Co.  A. 
Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June 
20,  '65.     [P.  O.  Brushton,  N.  Y.] 

KENYON,  Samuel. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  accidentally 
wounded  by  a  pistol  shot  in  camp  at  Gaines  Mills,  Va.  and  died 
June  12,  '62  in  same  camp. 

KERN,  Lewis. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for  dis. 
Oct.  29,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.     [P.  O.  New  Windsor,  Colo.] 

KIDD,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  and  mustered  in  as  ist  Lieut.  Co.  E.  Aug. 
30,  '62 ;  disch.  Jan.  28,  '63 ;  military  secretary  to  Gov.  Horatio  Sey- 
mour, of  New  York.  [P.  O.  Stoneleigh  Ct.  Apartment  House, 
Washington,  D.  C] 

KIMBALL,  Andrew  J.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 
Jan.,  '63 ;  Sgt.  July  2,  '63 ;  cap.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ; 
paroled  March  i,  '65,  at  Wilmington,  N.  C. ;  M.  O.  April  18,  '65,  at 
Albany,  N.  Y. ;  died  July  28,  '02,  at  Corry,  Pa. 

KIMBALL,  Rodney  G. — Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Capt.  Co.  E. ;  disch. 
April  16,  '63,  on  surgeon's  cert,  of  dis. ;  died  April  25,  1900,  at 
Brooklyn,  N.  Y. ;  professor  of  applied  mathematics  at  the  Brooklyn 
(N.  Y.)  Polytechnic  Institute  from  July,  '69,  until  his  death. 

KIMBERLY,  Benjamin  K. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  2nd  Lieut. 
Co.  A.;  1st  Lieut.  Jan.  2,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Sept.  22,  '62;  again 
mus.  in  as  1st  Lieut.  Dec.  i,  '62;  Capt.  May  7,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  June 
3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 
N.  Y.  Sub.  serv.  Capt.  F.  18  N.  Y.  V.  Cav.  Dec.  27,  '64;  M.  O. 
June  12,  '65,  upon  consolidation. — Prior  serv.  Private  Co.  G.  13 
N.  Y.  V.  I.  April  23,  '61 ;  M.  O.  Aug.  i,  '61.  [P.  O.  1453  California 
St.,  Denver,  Colo.] 

KING,  James. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp.  July  30,  '62; 
w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Second  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  on 
account  of  wounds,  Feb.  6,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 

KING,  John.— Muse.  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  D.  this  regt. 
June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y. 
V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 

KING,  Joseph  L. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 
Oct.  26,  '62 ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64, 
Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.  140 
N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64 ;  M.  O.  Aug.  28,  '65.  [P.  O.  571  Walnut  Ave., 
Elgin,  111.] 

KING,  Nathaniel. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 
June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  31,  '62,  Groveton, 
Va.;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  13,  '62.     [P.  O.  Dresden,  N.  Y.] 

KING,  William.— Private  Co.  I.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  this  regt. 
June  19,  '63 ;  transf.  Co.  I.  9  regt.  V.  R.  C.  May  2,  '64 ;  M.  O.  with 
detachment  July  14,  '65. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      411 

KING,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Feb.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  no  record  after 

May  I,  '64. 
KINGSBURY,  William.— A.  19,  Enr.  March  3,  '64,  at  Catskill,  N.  Y., 

3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  no  record  after  May  2,  '64,  at  Brandy  Sta.,  Va. 
KINNE,  Michael.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps 

Feb.,  '63. 
KINNER,  Royal  G.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Sgt.  Oct. 

3,  '62;  1st  Sgt.  March,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ; 

1st  Lieut.  Co.  E.  Oct.  6,  '64;  transf.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

no  further  record;  died  Jan.  12,  1900,  at  Torrey,  N.  Y. 
KINNEY,  Edward  A.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp. 

May  I,  '62 ;  disch.  Feb.  4,  '63,  for  prom. — 2nd  Lieut.  Co.  C.  99  N.  Y. 

V.  I.;  1st  Lieut.  Dec.  22,  '63;  transf.  Co.  D.  June  14,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  C.  Sept.  15,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  Dec.  14,  '64;  M.  O.  April  25,  '65; 

also  borne  as  Edwin  A.  Kinn.     [P.  O.  Fort  Dodge,  Kan.] 
KIRWIN,  Joseph.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  Corp.  Jan. 

I,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  6,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64. 

KIZER,  Adam. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

1,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64. 
KLEMSER,  Frederick.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  M.  O.  Aug.  24,  '65. 
KLOCK,  William  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  20,  '62,  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
KNEESKERN,  James.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '65 ;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. ;  died  April  22,  '92,  at 

Schenevus,  N.  Y. 
KNOWLTON,  Julian.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  cap.  in 

ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63, 

Gettysburg.  Pa.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  also  borne  as  Knolton; 

died,  1880.  in  Illinois. 
KNOWLES,  James  F. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Dec.  12,  '63,  Washington,  D.  C. 
KNOX,  Edward  B.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  1st  Lieut. 

Sept.  23,  '61 ;  Adjt.  Sept.  25,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover 

C.  H.,  Va. ;  Capt.  Co.  D.  July  4,  '62;  Major  July  14,  '62;  w.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64.  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  com'd  Lieut.-Col.,  not  mus. ;  M.  O. 

with  regt.  Oct.  11,  '64. — Prior  serv.  as  ist  Lieut.  Co.  A.  11  N.  Y. 

V.   I.    (Ellsworth's   N.   Y.   Fire  Zouaves) ;    resigned   Aug.    i,  '61. 

Sub.  serv.  Private  Co.  D.  ist  Bat.  12  U.  S.  Inf.  April  21,  '65;  transf. 

21  U.  S.  Inf.  Sept.  21,  '66;  R.  Q.  M.  Jan.  i,  '67;  Brev.  Capt.  March 

2,  '67,  for  gal.  and  meri.  serv.  at  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  Brevet  Major 
March  2,  '67 ;  Brevet  Lieut.-Col.  March  2,  '67,  for  gal.  and  meri.  serv. 
at  Spottsylvania,  Va. ;  retired  as  1st  Lieut.  Mtd.  May  7,  '70;  reduced 
to  1st  Lieut.  March  3,  '75;  died  April  9,  1890,  at  Chicago,  111. 

KRAFT,  Henry  G.— A.  35,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Sgt.  in  band ;  M.  O. 
as  1st  class  Muse,  with  band  July  10,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Va. 


412       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

KRAFT,  Joseph. — A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  Corp.  Jan. 

2,  '62;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
KRAKE,  James  H.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  Corp.  Feb. 

I,  '63;  k.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. 
KRANK,  George. — A.  31,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  private  in  band;  M.  O. 

as  3rd  class  Muse,  with  band  July  10,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Va. 
KRANK,  John. — A.  21,  Enr.  Feb.  3,  '62,  3  yrs.  Muse.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  I.  ranks  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  8,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
KRANK,  Joseph  K. — A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  ist  Class  Muse; 

M.  O.  as  2nd  Class  Muse,  with  band  July  10,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Land- 
ing, Va.     [P.  O.  Albany,  N.  Y.]     Died . 

KRENNINGER,  Alexander.— A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '64,  3  yrs.   Co.  A.; 

transf.  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  July  11,  '65,  as 

Kruminger. 
KROUSE,  Robert— Private  (Robert  Kromer)   Co.  C.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.; 

transf.  to  Co.  B.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  dropped  July  i,  '64,  never 

joined  regt. 
KRUSE,   Henry. — A.  20,  Enr.   Sept.  3,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.   146 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
KULVER,  John. — A.  50,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  ist  class  Muse,  in 

band ;  M.  O.  with  band  July  10,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Va. 
KURTZ,  William. — A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  no  record  after  Oct.  12,  '64,  at  Peters- 
burg, Va. 
KUSTEREN,  Ernest. — A.  34,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65. 
LaBARGE,  Ronald. — A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co. 

A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Massena, 

N.  Y.] 
LaBRICK,  Peter. — Enr.  April  13,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept. 

23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16, 

'65.     Prior  serv.  in  Co.  E.  16  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  also  borne  as  Labrack 

and  LaBronk. 
LACEY,  Joseph. — A.  17,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  drummer  Co.  G. ;  re- 
turned to  ranks ;  died  of  disease  Nov.  19,  '62,  at  Newark,  N.  J. 
LACKEY,  James. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  died  Dec.  16,  '79,  of  bronchial 

consumption,  at  West  Winfield,  N.  Y. 
LaCLAIR,  Peter. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '64.  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  E. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  May  31,  '65, 

as  Peter  Laclerc;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65,  at  Hart's  Island, 

N.  Y. 
LaCLAIR,  Peter. — A.  27,  Enr.  at  New  York  City,  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co. 

C. ;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  no  further  record. 
LaDUC,  Lorenzo  D. — A.   18,  Enr.  Oct.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  k.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Alonzo  T. 
LAFFIN,  John. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  died  of  erysipelas 

Dec.  20,  '62,  at  Carver  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      413 

LaGRANGE,  Charles. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct. 

5.  '61 ;  returned  to  ranks  May  30,  '62 ;  transf.  Co.  F.  Oct.  27,  '62 ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.   II,  '64,  while  detached  at  Craney  Is.   Hosp. 

since  Aug.  14,  '62. 
LaGRANGE,   Daniel.— A.   18,   Enr.   Feb.  3,  '62,  3  yrs.   Co.   C.   Muse; 

transf.  Co.  B.  Oct.  25,  '62;  transf.  Co.  G.  Jan.  i,  '63;  transf.  Co.  B. 

Sept.  22,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  absent, 

sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co.     [P.  O.  13  Clinton  Street,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 
LaGRANGE,  Isaac. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  11,  '62,  3  yrs.;  Drum  Major  Aug. 

28,  '62;  M.  O.  Aug.  28,  '62,  near  Sharpsburg,  Md.     [P.  O.  Sgt.  of 

Police,  96  Hudson  Ave.,  Albany,  N.  Y.]     Died  1906. 
LAKE,  John  B. — A.  30.  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Feb.  4,  '63,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
LAMB,  William  H.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  16,  '64,  at  Convalescent  Camp,  Va. 
LAMFARE,  Henry. — A.  35,  Enr.  Feb.  19,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.   138  Co.  2nd  Bat.  Vet.  Res. 

Corps,  no  date ;  disch.  Aug.  21,  '65,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne 

as  Laufer. 
LAMMOND,  Alexander. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  w.  in 

ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Second  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64, 

at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
LANCE,  Nathaniel  B.— A. ,  Private  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to 

this  regt.  Sept.  4,  '62 ;  deserted  July  28,  '64,  as  Napoleon  B.  Lyner. 
LANDER,  David  D.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  9,  '62,,  at  Providence,  R.  I. 
LANDON,  Reuben  B.— A.  40   (height  6  ft.  6  in.),  Enr.  Aug.   14,  '61, 

3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  ist  Lieut.  Co.  D.  Aug.  26,  '61 ;  accidentally  w.  by  an 

ambulance  May  27,  '62,  near  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  hon.  disch.  Sept. 

22,  '62,  for  disability ;  also  borne  as  Lander.     Sub.  serv.  as  Act.  Asst. 

Surgeon  U.  S.  A.  at  Conv.   Camp,  Alexandria.  Va.,  Dec.   18,  '62; 

at  Fairfax  Sem.  Gen'l  Hosp.,  Dec.  17,  '63;  at  Kalorama  Gen'l  Hosp., 

Washington,  D.  C,  Feb.  2,  '64,  to  Sept.,  '64;  disch.   Sept.  15,  '64. 

Prior  serv.  in  Mexican  War :  mustered  in  as  Sgt.  Co.  B.  i  111.  Vol. 

Inf.  June  19,  '46;  Capt.  Sept.  12,  '46;  hon.  disch.  Nov.  20,  '46,  for 

dis. ;  died  of  paralysis  in  1886  at  Fredonia,  N.  Y. 
LANE,  William  F. — A.  31,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61.  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July   I,   '62,   Malvern    Hill,  Va. ;   M.   O.   with    Co.   Oct.    11,   '64,  at 

Albany,  N.  Y. ;  died  July  3,  '98,  at  his  home,  Sheridan,  Mich. 
LANTZ,  John.— Private  Co.  C.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K.  this 

regt.  June  25,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
LARKINS,  John.— A.  26,  Enr.  March  11,  '64,  at  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs. 

Co.  G. ;  no  record  after  April  5,  '64,  from  camp  near  Alexandria, 

Va. 
LARRABEE,  Lucius  Sherman. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ; 

Capt.  Sept.  19,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  k.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.    Prior  serv. :  ist  Lieut.  Chicago  Zouave 


414       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

Regt.  April,  '6i,  and  ist  Lieut.  Co.  F.  ii  N.  Y.  V.  I.  (Ellsworth's 
N.  Y.  Fire  Zouaves)  April  20,  '61 ;  resigned  Aug.  i,  '61. 

LASKER,  George. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for 
dis.  Oct.  12,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

LASHER,  William  E.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  re-enlisted 
as  a  Vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  k.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 

LATHAM,  Perry.— A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  w.  in  ac.  Dec. 
13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  F.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 
II,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  18,  '64,  in  the  field.  [P.  O.  488  S.  Salina  Street, 
Syracuse,  N.  Y.] 

LATOV,  James. — A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  146  N.  Y. 
V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  13,  '65,  as  Lato. 

LAUFER,  Henry,  Jr.— Private  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 
this  regt.  Sept.  4,  '63;  transf.  5  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Feb.  11,  '64. 

LAVINE,  Moses. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.  146 
N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  19,  '65.  [P.  O.  Plattsburg, 
N.  Y] 

LAVERY,  William. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 
Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds  March  28, 
'63,  at  Chicago,  III.     [P.  O.  S.  &  S.  Home,  Danville,  111.] 

LAWLESS,  T.  Isaac. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  detailed 
in  Signal  Corps  April,  '62 ;  served  in  Dept.  of  Miss.,  Dept.  of  Tenn., 
and  with  Miss,  flotilla;  fatally  scalded  by  an  explosion  on  board 
gunboat  "Mound  City,"  Mississippi  river,  June  18,  '62;  died  soon 
afterward  on  gunboat  "Conestoga,"  while  en  route  to  Memphis, 
Tenn. 

LAWLESS,  John  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '6r,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  k.  in  ac. 
May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 

LAWRENCE,  Orlow. — ^Enr.  and  other  particulars  not  stated;  transf. 
Co.  E.  this  regt.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 
died  Jan.  26,  '65,  at  5  Corps  Hosp. 

LAWRENCE,  William  S.— Private  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  Co. 
K.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  w.  and  missing  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettys- 
burg, Pa.;  returned  Sept.  19,  '63;  tranfs.  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  March 

15,  '64. 
LA  WTO  N,  Francis  L. — A.  17,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Sept.  30.  '64,  Poplar  Springs  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  absent  wounded,  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
LEAHY,  John  J.— Private  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  detached  Batt.  D.  5 

U.  S.  Art;  transf.  Co.  C.  1:his  regt.  June  24,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  June,  '64, 

near  Petersburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  with  Co.  near  Alexandria,  Va. ;  also  borne  as 

John  Lackey.     [P.  O.  Nat'l  Soldiers'  Home,  Va.] 
LEE,  Enoch  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.  25,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  re-enlisted  as  a 

vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  Corp.  Aug.  9,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.   Sept.  23,  '64; 

transf.    Co.   E.    146  N.   Y.   V.   I.   Oct.    11,  '64;  died  of  wounds 

April  I,  '65,  at  City  Point,  Va. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      415 

LEEK,  John. — A.  36,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  Feb.  11,  '63, 

for  chronic  diarrhea,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
LEGG,  Oscar. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5, 

'64,  Wilderness,  Va.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
LEIGHTON,  Philo  W.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  Corp. 

Jan.  I,  '62 ;  disch.  for  dis.  May  9,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
LELAND,  Lewis  J. — A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  6,  '62,  from 

hosp.  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
LENNOX,  William  B.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  H. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '62;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va.; 

transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  paroled  Nov.  20,  '64,  at  Venus  Point, 

Ga.;  transf.  Co.  K.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June  21,  '65, 

at  Annapolis,  Md. 
LEONARD,  John  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Jan.  19,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
LEROY,  Samuel.— Private  Co.  D.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  K.  this 

regt.  June  25,  '63;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps.  Jan.  15,  '64;  also  borne 

as  Samuel  Lennon. 
LESTER,  Joseph  H. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  drummer  Co.  G. ;  transf. 

Vet.  Res.  Corps  Nov.  6,  '63 ;  also  borne  as  James  H. 
LEVOY,  Francis  G.— Private  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  F. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  also 

borne  as  Lavoy. 
LEVOY,  Francis  X.— Private  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  F. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  Aug.  i,  '64. 
LEWIS,  Allen. — A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  cap.  in  ac.  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  recaptured  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta. ; 

transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64;  M.  O.  Oct.  26,  '64,  at  Weldon  R.  R.,  Va. 
LEWIS,  Charles.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

April  26,  '62,  from  hosp.  Georgetown.  D.  C. 
LEWIS,  Enoch  J. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '62,  Chancellorsville,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.  26,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  Sgt.  Nov.  28,  '62; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  n,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Supt.  National 

Cemetery,  Winchester,  Va.] 
LEWIS,  Henry.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C;  transf.  Co.  H. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
LE\\aS,  John  H.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
LEWIS,  Nelson. — A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  H, 

Oct.  25,  '62;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  i,  '63. 
LEWIS,  William  E.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. 


4i6       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

LILLIE,  Darius. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.   19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Second  Bull  Run ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  Corp. 

Nov.  17,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;   M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Liller.     [P.  O.  Apa- 

lachian,  N.  Y.] 
LINDSLEY,  John  H.— Enr.  Oct.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  ist  Lieut.  Oct. 

23,  '61;  disch.  Dec.  31,  '62;  also  borne  as  Linsly. 
LINTNER,  Mortis.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
LITTLE,  Frank  E. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  died  of 

disease  Jan.  15,  '62,  in  regimental  hosp.,  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
LOCKLEY,  John  A.— A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp.  Oct. 

3,  '61 ;  k.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 
LONERGAN,  James. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp. 

Jan.  I,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  5.  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  E. 

Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  cap.  in  ac. 

March  31,  '65,  White  Oak  Ridge,  Va. ;  paroled ;  M.  O.  May  23,  '65. 

[P.  O.  Binghamton,  N.  Y.] 
LONG,  David  M.— A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  16,  '64,  at  Washing- 
ton, D.  C. 
LONGWELL,  William  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 

Aug.  30,  '61 ;  slightly  wounded  July  2,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch. 

Sept.  22,  '62  for  prom. — 2nd  Lieut.  Co.  C.  114  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Aug.  12, 

'62;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  D.  Jan.  10.  '63;  Capt.  Co.  C.  Aug.  12,  '63;  wounded 

at  Port  Hudson,  La. ;  w.  in  ac.  Sept.  19,  '64,  Winchester,  Va. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  March  2,  '65;  re-instated  March  11,  "65;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

June  8,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Oil  City,  Pa.] 
LOOK,  James  L. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  Corp.  Jan. 

7,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne 

as  Lock. 
LOOK,  John.— A. ,  Private  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  A. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
LOOMER,  George  W. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  absent, 

sick,  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
LOPES,   Joseph. — Enr.   Feb.   20,   '64,  3   yrs.   Co.   I. ;   no   record   after 

March  17,  '64. 
LOUS,  John.— A.  21,  Enr.  March  3,  '64,  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.; 

no  record  after  March  8,  '64,  from  camp  near  Alexandria,  Va 
LOVE,  Andrew. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;   Sgt.   Sept. 

6,  '61;  1st  Sgt.  Feb.  I,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. — Prior  serv.  June  to 

Aug.,  '61,  in  Co.  B.  10  N.  Y.  Militia,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  Barracks. 

[P.  O.  215  S.  Clinton  St.,  East  Orange,  N.  Y.] 
LOVE,  George  M.— A.  30,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  ist  Lieut. 

Aug.   30,    '61;     Capt.   Jan.   2,   '62;     disch.    for   prom. — Major    116 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Aug.  19,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '63,  Port  Hudson,  La.; 

Colonel  May  28,  '63;  M.  O.  with  regt.  June  8,  "j5,  at  Washington, 


BENJAMIN  N.  THOMAS. 

Born  ill  Plaiiilield,  Otsego  Co..  N.  Y.,  Dec.  13,  1842.  His  mother 
was  a  Doty,  a  direct  descendant  of  Edward  Doty,  who  came  over  in 
the  Mayflower  in  1620.  He  enlisted  as  a  Private  in  the  44th,  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
and  was  promoted  to  Corporal,  ist  Sergeant  and  2d  Lieutenant. 

He  was  mortally  wounded  at  the  Battle  of  Gettysburg,  July  2.  1863, 
died  July  8,  1863  and  was  buried  at  Gettysburg. 

Later  "  Bennie's"  father  had  his  remains  brought  home  and  a  great 
funeral  was  held  in  a  grove  ore  Sunday  afternoon  at  East  Winfield. 
where  his  fatiier  lived.  He  was  buried  at  West  Exeter  near  where  he 
was  born. 

His  comrades  unite  in  testifying  that  be  was  a  brave  and  faithful 
soldier. 


PUBLIC  LlB.:.^Pv\' I 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      417 

D.  C. ;  Brevet  Brig.  Gen'I  U.  S.  Vols.  March  7,  '65.— Sub.  serv.  2nd 
Lieut,  nth  U.  S.  Inf.  March  7,  '65;  transf.  16  U.  S.  Inf.  April  14, 
'69;  1st  Lieut.  March  i,  '75;  retired  March  15,  '83. — Brevet  ist  Lieut. 
March  7,  '67,  for  gal.  and  meri.  serv.  in  ac.  at  Plains  Store,  La.; 
Brevet  Capt.  March  7,  '67,  for  gal.  and  meri.  serv.  in  assault  on 
Port  Hudson,  La.;  Brevet  Maj.  March  7,  '67,  for  gal.  and  meri.  serv. 
in  battle  of  Cedar  Creek,  Va. ;  Brevet  Lieut.  March  7,  '67,  for  gal. 

and  meri.  serv.  during  the  war;  awarded  (by  Congress)  Medal  of 
Honor  for  capture  of  battle-flags  of  the  2nd  South  Carolina  Regt. 
(C.  S.  A.)  at  Cedar  Creek,  Va.,  Oct.  19,  '64. — Prior  serv.  ist  Sgt. 
Co.  D.  and  Sgt.  Major  21  N.  Y.  V.  I.  May  13,  '61,  to  Aug.  23,  '61 ; 
died  March  15,  1887,  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
LOVILLE,  Gilbert. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  Dec.  18,  '64;  paroled;  absent 
sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 

LOW,  Edward. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  I. 

Oct.  18,  '61;  M.  O.  as  of  Co.  E.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died  April  29,  '90,  at 

Green  Bush,  N.  Y.,  of  Bright's  disease. 
LOWDEN,  John  P.— A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  caused  by  fever,  June  14,  '62,  at  Annapolis,  Md. ;  also  borne  as 

Louden. 
LUBKE,  William. — A.  47,  Enr.   Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 

Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  II,  '64,  as  William  L. ;   M.  O.  June  16,  '65,  at  Washington, 

D.  C. 
LUCAS,   John. — A.    19,    Enr.    Oct.   21,   '61,   3   yrs.    Co.    A.;    k.    in   ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 
LUCE,  Israel. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5, 

'64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.   11,  '64;  also  borne  as 

Leuce ;  died  May  5,  '05,  at  Soldiers'  Home.  Los  Angeles,  Calif. 
LUFF,  Charles. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.  5,  '61 ;  k.  in  ac.   Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;   also  borne  as 

Charles  E. 
LUFF,  William  E. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  Oct.  5,  '6i ;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  9,  '62,  at  Providence,  R.  I.     [P. 

O.  Rhinebeck,  N.  Y.] 
LUNT,  John  H.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Vet. 

Res.  Corps  April  28,  '64. 
LYNCH,  James. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac.  June 

27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  no  record  after  Aug.  17,  '63,  at  Beverly 

Ford,  Va. 
MACK,  James. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  D.  140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  no  record  after  Nov.  12,  '64,  at  Petersburg, 

Va. 
MACK,  Thomas. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  D. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64,  as  John  Quin,  Jr.;  disch.  Jan.  13,  '65, 

in  the  field. 


4i8       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

MACKEY,  John. — A.  46,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

March  i,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. 
MACKNEY,  Horton. — A.  26,  Enr.  April  16,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '65 ;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. ;  also  borne  as  McNey. 
MACKNEY,  John. — A.  ,  Enr.  in  field,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.  June  2,  '64; 

no    further    record. 
MADDEN,  John. — A.  25,  Enr.  March  21,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  K.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ix, 

'64;  M.  O.  July  18,  '65. 
MAHAN,  John. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  disch.  for  dis. 

June  24,  '62,  at  hosp.  Washington,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Mahon. 
MAHONEY,  Thomas  J. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  4,  '63,  Chancellorsville,  Va.,  lost  an  arm;  disch.  on  account 

of  wounds,  Sept.  25,  '63,  at  Gen'l  Hosp.,  Chestnut  Hill,  Philadel- 
phia, Pa. ;  died  April  7,  '94. 
MAKELY,  Eli  C. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  no  record 

after  Oct..  '61. 
MALLORY,  James  P.— Private  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  F. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  27,  '64 ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  6,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  22,  '64,  at  Fred- 
ericksburg, Va. 
MALONE,  John  J. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Sept.  15,  '62,  at  New  York  City. 
[MALTNESSER,  Joseph.— See  Mittmesser.] 
MANDEVILLE,  James  H. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ; 

transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  May  6,  '65;  died 

MANN,  John. — A.  21,  Enr.  March  14,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  deserted 
March  20.  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 

MANNING,  William. — A.  y],  Enr.  March  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac. 
May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co. 
E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64. 

MANSFIELD,  Silas  W.— A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  re- 
enlisted  as  a  vet.  March  9,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 
II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65,  as  Cyrus. 

MAPES,  David  D. — A.  ZT^  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 
June  21,  '63,  Upperville,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  30,  '64,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.    Died,  Sept.  27,  '07,  at  his  home,  Fredonia,  la. 

MARBLE,  Cyrus  O.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  D.  this 
regt.  June  14,  '63;  no  record  after  March  3,  '64;  also  borne  as 
Cyrus  W. 

MARCH,  Byron. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  no  record  after 
Oct.  4,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

MARCLEY,  Martin  D.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.  Muse. ; 
disch.  for  dis.  March  i,  'dz,  at  Falmouth,  Va. ;  died  . 

MARET,  George  W. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Sgt.  Aug. 
20,  '61;  disch.  for  dis.  May  31,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.;  also  borne 
as  George   N.   Merrett. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      419 

MARKHAM,  Aaron  W.— A.  18,  Enr.  Jan.  9,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  k.  in 

ac.  June  19,  '65,  near  Petersburg,  Va. 
MARKHAM,  Sylvanus  A. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  re- 
enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '65;  Corp.  July  30,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65.     [P.  O.  South 

Dayton,  N.  Y.] 
MARLIN,  John. — A.  28,  Enr.  March  30,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  deserted, 

April  26,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Maslin  and  Martin. 
MARSHALL,  William  D.— A.  20,  Enr.  Nov.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  k. 

in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
MARTIN,  John. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  F. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  as  John  B. 
MARTIN,  Thomas.— A.  28,  Enr.  March  9.  '64,  at  Troy,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs. 

unassigned;  no  further  record. 
MARTIN,  Thomas. — A.  19,  Enr.  at  Troy  March  9,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w. 

in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  5  N.  Y. 

Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65. 
MARVIN,  Benjamin  F. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  k.  in 

ac.  June  2"],  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 
MARVIN,  William. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  II,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
MARX,  Ludwig. — A.  ZZ,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  D. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  16,  '65. 
MASHER,  William  H.— A.  35,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  k.  in  ac. 

June  21,  '63,  Aldie,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Mosher. 
MASON,  Frederick. — A.  41,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  pioneer  and 

cap.  July  26,  '63;  paroled;  transf.  Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  at  Rochester,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Rochester,  N.  Y.] 
MASON,  John  B.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  Sgt.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  1st  Sgt.  Jan.  2,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ; 

disch.  Oct.  3,  '62,  for  prom.— ist  Lieut.  Co.  B.  116  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

16,  '62;  M.  O.  June  S,  '63. 
MASON,  Sherwood  S.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch. 

for  dis.,  Nov.  23,  %2,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
MATTOON,  W.  V.  R.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  21.  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
MAXSON,  Warren  L.— A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  27,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  transf.  Vet.  Res. 

Corps  Sept.   i,  '63;  died  . 

MAYER,  John.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  w.  in  ac.  Dec. 

13.  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds,  Dec.  29,  '62,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. 
MAYNARD,  Richard.— A.  44,  Enr.  Aug.  17,  '64,  2  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Springs  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  146  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  at  White  Oak  Road, 

Va. ;  paroled;  M.  O.  May  31,  '65,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 


420       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

McBLAIN,  George. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Dec.   13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Feb.  9,  '63,  at 

Douglas  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
McBLAIN,   Samuel. — A.   26,  Enr.   Aug.   14,  '62,  3  yrs.   Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  25,  '62;  Sgt.  March  17,  '63;  ist  Sgt.  Feb.  7,  '64;  Com'd  2nd 

Lieut,  but  not  mustered,   Sept.   16,  '64;  transf.   Co.   I.   140  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  2nd  Lieut.  Dec.  30,  '64;  ist  Lieut.  March  5,  '65; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65,  Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Geneva,  N.  Y.] 
McBRIDE,  John. — A.  30,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  no  record 

after  Dec.  16,  '62,  at  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  John  E. 
McBRIDE,  Thomas. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co. 

E.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  no  record  after  April  20,  '65  in  hosp. 
McCarthy,  John.— a.  35,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  disch.  for 

dis.  May  16,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
McCLANATHAN,  Sidney.— A.   19,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ; 

transf.  Co.  B.  Oct.  20,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  20,  '63,  at  David's 

Island,  N.  Y.  Harbor;  also  borne  as  McClenethan.     [P.  O.  Box 

2601,  Denver,  Colo.] 
McClelland,  William.— a.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w. 

in   ac.   May  27,   '62,   Hanover   C.   H.,   Va. ;   disch.   on   account   of 

wounds  Oct.  25,  '62,  Albany,  N.  Y. 
McCLUSKEY,  John.— A.  28,  Enr.   Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65. 
McCULLOUGH,  Daniel. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  cap.  in 

ac.  Nov.  28,  '63,   Mine  Run,  Va. ;   sent  as  prisoner  of  war  from 

Richmond,  Va.,  to   Andersonville,  Ga.,   March  22,  '64;  no  further 

record. 
McKOON,  Henry  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61.  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  transf.  Co. 

C.  Oct.  5,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  no  further  record;  died 

at  Coverdale,  Cal.,  Oct.,  1904. 
McCORMACK,  Thomas.— A.  29,  Enr.  Feb.  18,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  no 

record  after  May  i,  '64. 
McCORMIC,  John  H.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp. 

Jan.  I,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  as  McCor- 

mick.     [P.  O.  Slingerland,  N.  Y.] 
McCORA^IC,  Robert  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Sgt 

Sept.  6,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Major  June  8,  '62;  2nd  Lieut.  Co.  F.  Dec.  24,  '62; 

1st  Lieut.  Co.  K.  Jan.  11,  '62,;  w.  Nov.,  '62,;  Capt.  Jan.  24,  '64;  M. 

O.  with  regt.  Oct.  11,  '64.     Prior  serv. — Private  Co.  B.  10  N.  Y.  Mil. 

June  and  July,    1861,   at   Albany   Barracks;    died   May   5,   '01,   at 

Albany,  N.  Y. 
McCORMACK,  David.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  M.  O. 

with   Co.   Oct.    II,   '64.     [P.   O.   278V2    Washington   Ave.,   Albany, 

N.  Y.] 
McCORMICK,  Samuel. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  wagoner  Co. 

C. ;  entered  ranks  as  Private  Jan.  i,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Han- 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      421 

over  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62, 
Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  D.  12  Regt.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  April 
I,  '64;  disch.  Sept.  i,  '64;  died  at  Minneapolis,  Minn.,  Aug.  15,  '09. 

McCOTTER,  Hugh. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for 
dis.  Nov.  3,  '62,  at  Newark,  N.  J. ;  also  borne  as  Hugh  J. ;  died . 

McCREA,  Peter  W.— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for 
dis.  April  15,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Dolgeville,  N.  Y.] 

McCREADY,  Henry  B.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  "61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 
Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O. 
with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64.     [P.  O.  Cohoes,  N.  Y.] 

McCREADY,  Samuel.— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  Co.  K. ;  Corp.  Sept. 
25,  '61;  returned  to  ranks  Jan.,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  11,  '63,  at 
Convalescent  Camp,  Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Schuylerville,  N.  Y.] 

McCREARY,  Julian.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co. 

B.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
McCREEDY,  George. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  Nov.  15,  '62,  at  Warrenton,  Va.,  to  enlist 
in  Batt.  K.  of  i  U.  S.  Art. ;  also  borne  as  George  W.  and  as  Mc- 
Cready.     [P.  O.  Ballston  Springs,  N.  Y.]     Died  Oct.  26,  '98. 

McCUTCHEON,  James. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in 
ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  Corp.  Oct.  16,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac. 
May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64. 

McDonald,  Jesse. — A.  34,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co. 

C.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
McDonald,  John. — A.  20,  Enr.  Feb.  23,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  no  record 

after  Aug.  28,  '64;  also  borne  as  Robert. 
McDOUGAL,  Ralph. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. 
McDOUGALL,  Thomas. — A.  25,  Enr.  Feb.  25,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in 

ac.  May  22,  '64,  North  Anna,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64 ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  5  N.  Y.  Vet. 

Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65.     Prior  serv.  Enr.  Co.  H.  24 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  May  9,  '61,  2  yrs.;  w.  Sept.   14,  '62;   disch.  for  dis. 

Feb.  21,  '63. 
McDUFFEE,  Cyrus  T. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  wounded 

April  ,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O. 

June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Oneida,  N.  Y.] 
McDUFFEE,  Darwin  C. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Feb.  2,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md.     [P.  O.  Interlaken,  N.  Y.] 
McDUFFEE,  Robert. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in.  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  June  15, 

'64,  at  Richmond,  Va.,  while  prisoner  of  war. 
McELLIGOTT,  Richard.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp. 

no  date ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2.  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
McEWEN,  Daniel. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  on  acct.  of  wounds  Nov.  28, 

'62,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  McEwin.     [P.  O.  1318  East  66th 

St.,  Cleveland,  Ohio]. 


422       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

McFARVY,  Edward.— A. ,  Private  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to 

Co.  E.  this  regt.  Jan.  28,  '63;  deserted  July  11,  '64;  also  borne  as 

McFavy. 
McGARVEY,  John. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.  drummer; 

no  record  after  Feb.  12,  '62  in  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  John  D. 
McGEE,  James. — Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63, 

Gettysburg,  Pa. 
McGOUGH,  John.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  s  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '6s;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65;  also  borne  as  McGoffugh.     [P.  O. 

Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.] 
McGOUGH,  John.— Private  Co.  F.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  Oct.  10,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  24,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
McGOVERN,  John.— A.   18,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  transf. 

Co.  A.  140  N.   Y.   V.   I.   Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65, 

White  Oak  Ridge,  Va. ;  paroled  April  2,  '65,  Aiken's  Landing,  Va. ; 

M.  O.  with  detachment  June  28,  '65,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 
McGRAW,  John  L. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  2  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65;  no  further  record. 
McGregor,  Charles.— a.  35,  Enr.  March  9,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  k.  in 

ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 
McJURY,  John.— Private  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  w.  July,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  D.  140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  May  3,  '65. 
McKEVET,  Mead  A.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Corp. 

April  2"],  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  also  borne  as  McKevel. 
McKOWN,  James. — A.  2>T>  Enr.  and  mustered  in  as  Major  Aug.  30,  '61 ; 

disch  Jan.  2,  '62;  died . 

McKOWN,  John. — A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  re-enlisted  as 

a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Jan.  11,  '64;  Corp.  no  date;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65,  as  Mc- 

Kowan. 
McKOY,  Louis. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Corp.  same 

date;  returned  to  ranks,  Feb.  i,  '62;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28, 

'63;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64, 

Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  to  140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  unassigned  Oct.  11,  '64;  no  further  record. 
McLARIN,  Charles. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Feb.  23,  '63,  at  hosp.  Alexandria,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Charles 

H.  McClarrin. 
McLARIN,  William  W. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch. 

for   dis.    Feb.    23,   '63,    at   hosp.   Alexandria,   Va. ;    also   borne   as 

McLaren. 
McLaughlin,  James.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  D. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  March  3,  '64 ;  also  borne  as 

McLoughlin. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      423 

McLaughlin,  John. — a.  42,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Aug.  29,  '62,  Georgetown,  D.  C. ;  again  enlisted  Aug.  29,  '62 ; 

no  record  after  Sept.  8,  '64,  at   Rochester,   N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as 

John  L. ;  died  Sept.  10,  1903,  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y. 
McLaughlin,  William.— a.  19,  Enr.  March  11,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.; 

no  record  after  May  i,  '64. 
McLaughlin,  William.— a.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  I  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  F.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
McLean,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co. 

K.  Oct.  2,  '61 ;  died  of  disease  April  24,  '62,  Washington,  D.  C. ; 

also  borne  as  McLane  and  McCleen. 
McLEAN,  William  S.— Private  14  N.  Y.  V.  L;  transf.  to  Co.  G.  this 

regt.  Jan.  10,  '64;  no  record  after  Aug.  8,  '64,  at  Petersburg,  Va. ; 

also  borne  as  Samuel. 
McLEER,  James.— Private  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  K.  this  regt. 

Sept.  12,  '62 ;  no  record  after  Feb.  28,  '63 ;  at  hosp.  Beverly,  Md., 

prior  to  transfer. 
McMAHON,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  missing 

in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  returned;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13, 

'62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds,  May  14,  '63, 

at  Davids  Island,  N.  Y. 
McMANUS,  John. — A.  29,  Enr.  March  24,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.   Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65;  also  borne 

as  McMannus. 
McMANNIS,  William.— A.  30,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  Corp. 

Apr.  13.  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  also  borne  as  McMannis. 

[P.  O.  Breckenridge,  Colo.] 
McMANNUS,  Patrick  H.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  drum- 
mer, Oct.  29,  '61;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64. 
McMillan,  James. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  ist  Lieut. 

Sept.  6,  '61 ;  discharged  May  30,  '62.     Prior  serv.  Private  Co.  B.  10 

N.  Y.  Mil.  at  Albany  Barracks,  June,  1861. 
McMILLEN,  John  R.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  Oct.  18,  '61  ;disch.  for  dis.  July  7,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 

[P.  O.  Argyle,  N.  Y.] 
McMURRAY,  John.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  no  record 

after  Oct.  18,  '61. 
McNEIL,  Luke.— A.  32,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  146 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64. 
McNEIL,  William.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  no  record 

after  Feb.  6,  '63,  in  hosp.  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
McNIFF,  Michael  O.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  wounded, 

no  date ;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  23,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
McPHEE,  Alexander.— A.  44,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  March  I,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  McPhea. 
McROBERTS,  Alexander.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  ist 

Lieut.  Oct.  5,  '61;  Capt.  Co.  K.  June   I,  '62;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac. 


424       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled ;  disch.  Oct.  10,  '62.  Prior 
serv.  Sgt.  Co.  A.  10  N.  Y.  Mil.  July,  1861,  at  Albany  Barracks; 
died  Aug.  11,  '74,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  of  consumption. 

McWILLIAMS,  John.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch. 
Sept.  30,  '62,  under  writ  of  habeas  corpus. 

MEADE,  Elnathan. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct. 
3,  '62 ;  Color  Corp. ;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  w. 
in  ac.  and  left  for  dead  on  the  field  May  5,  '64,  Wilder- 
ness, Va. ;  recovered;  transf.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64,  while 
absent  wounded ;  M.  O.  Oct.  18,  '64,  for  wounds,  at  Cliffbourne  Bar- 
racks, D.  C.     [P.  O.  U.  S.  Pension  Office,  Washington,  D.  C] 

MEAD,  Frederick  A. — A.  26,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for 
dis.  March  14,  '63,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. ;  died . 

MEAD,  Henry  W. — Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec. 
10,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.     [P.  O.  New  Baltimore,  N.  Y.] 

MEAD,  Nathan  P. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch.  for  dis. 
Feb.  24,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va.     [P.  O.  Box  119,  Coxsackie,  N.  Y.]. 

MEAD,  Nelson  H.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 
Oct.  25,  '62 ;  no  record  after  Feb.  17,  '63 ;  also  borne  as  William  H. 

MEEKER,  William  B.— Private  Co.  G.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 
this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C. 
146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65. 

MEIER,  Henry. — A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.  146  N.  Y. 
V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  April  i,  '65,  Five  Forks,  Va. ;  released, 
April  30,  '65 ;  M.  O.  May  30,  '65,  as  Meyer. 

MERCHANT,  Edgar  A.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 
Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62;  Sgt.  Dec.  29,  '62;  ist  Sgt.  May  25,  '62;  k.  in  ac. 
July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 

MERCHANT,  Spencer  S.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp. 
Sept.  6,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Aug.  14,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died . 

MERENESS,  David  A.— Private  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  Enr.  Nov.  6,  '61, 
at  Utica,  N.  Y. ;  transf.  to  Co.  F.  this  regt.  June  24,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  May 
6,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C. 
146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  Jan.  22,  '65;  also  borne  as 
Mercress.     [P.  O.  Sharon  Springs,  N.  Y.] 

MERRILL,  Alva  C. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  died  of 
disease  April  3,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 

MERRILL,  Edmund  W.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch. 
for  dis.  May  2,  '62,  at  Yorktown,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Edward  A. 
[P.  O.  Rochester,  N.  Y.] 

MERRILL,  Wilber  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Corp. 
Aug.  4,  '62;  Sgt.  Dec.  19,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  Brevet 
2nd  Lieut,  by  the  Governor  of  New  York,  Aug.  7,  '67 ;  also  borne  as 
William  H.     [P.  O.  Irving,  N.  Y.] 

MERSEREAU,  Peter.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 
Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  March  18,  '63,  at  Providence, 
R.  I.;  borne  also  as  Mussero.  [P.  O.  Jetmore,  Hodgeman  Co., 
Kan.] 


DR.  MORRIS  \V.  TOWXSEND. 

Was  born  in  Mendon.  Monroe  County,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  !■/,  1827.  and 
in  the  seventy-hfth  year  of  his  useful  life  died  at  Bergen,  N.  Y., 
which  place  he  had  for  many  years  made  his  home.  In  1853  he  was 
graduated  from  the  Jefiferson  Medical  College,  Philadelphia.  Dr. 
Townsend  served  as  Surgeon  of  the  47th  Regiment,  New  York  State 
Volunteers,  from  Dec.  31,  1861  to  June  23,  1862,  when  he  resigned 
because  of  ill  health.  He  re-enlisted  and  served  as  Surgeon  of  the  44th 
Regiment,  New  York  State  Volunteers,  from  Dec.  6,  1862  to  Oct.  II, 
1864.  He  participated  in  twelve  battles,  including  Chancellorsville, 
the  Wilderness  (in  which  he  was  engaged  in  performing  amputations 
for  thirty-six  hours  continuously).  Spottsylvania  and  Cold  Harbor.  On 
April  ig,  1864  he  wes  presented  by  the  members  of  the  44th  Regiment 
with  a  sword,  sash,  belt,  saddle,  bridle,  spurs  and  whip,  which  gift  he 
ever  dearly  cherished  and  the  sight  of  which  often  brought  forth  an 
interesting  story  of  the  war  and  of  the  regiment  of  which  he  deemed 
it  a  great  honor  to  be  a  member.  During  his  army  life  he  sowed  the 
seeds  of  the  heart  disease  which  caused  his  death,  brought  sadness 
to  numerous  hearts  and  a  sense  of  personal  loss  to  many  who  were 
not  boimd  to  him  by  the  ties  of  kindred,  but  who  knew  him  and 
trusted  him   as  a   skillful   physician  and   a   sympathetic   friend. 


PUBLIC  LIBRARY  j 

ASTOR,  LENOX  S 

TILDZN  FOUNDATIONS  I 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      425 

METCALF,  John  L. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch. 

Jan.   16,  '63,  to  enlist  in  U.  S.  Army. 
MICKLER,  John. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  K. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  no  further  record. 
MILLER,  Abram. — A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Feb.  12,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
MILLER,  Adam. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

March  3,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md.     [P.  O.  Fort  Plain,  N.  Y.] 
MILLER,  Chris  C— Private  Co.  I.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill, 

Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  at  Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ;  M.  O.  w^ith  Co. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  died  April  24,  1909. 
MILLER,  David  A.— Private,  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.F.  this  regt. 

June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  March  I,  '64. 
MILLER,  Erastus. — A.  36,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  cap.  and 

paroled  May,  '63,  on  the  march  to  Chancellorsville,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  16,  '64,  Weldon  R.  R.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  F.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct 

II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
MILLER,  Harvey. — ^A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

B.  Oct.  25,  '62;  transf.  Co.  G.  Feb.  11,  '63;  Corp.  Nov.  17,  '63;  re- 
enlisted  as  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ; 
transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 
'64;  transf.  Co.  F.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  Sgt.,  no  date;  M. 
O.  virith  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65. 

MILLER,  Horace.— Private,  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  at 

Utica,  N.  Y. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  transf.  Co. 

D.  2d  N.  Y.  V.  Arty.  April  19,  '64,  and  enrolled  as  Horace  B. ;  cap. 

on  picket  June  18,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  paroled ;  M.  O.  June  27,  '65, 

at  Rochester,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Utica,  N.  Y.] 
MILLER,  John  M. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  Jan. 

16,  '63,  to  enlist  in  U.  S.  Army. 
MILLER,  Lewis  A. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8.  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
MILLER,  William  A. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
MILLER,  William  H.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Capt. 

Sept.  25,  '61 ;  died  of  disease  May  i,  '62,  near  Yorktowrn,  Va.    Prior 

service :    April  19,  1861,  enlisted  as  a  private  in  12  N.  Y.  S.  M.,  and 

served  therewith  until  the  regiment  returned  to  New  York,  in  Aug. 

1861. 
MILLS,  Horace  F. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  Jan. 

25,  '63 ;  Sgt.  Nov.  18,  '63 ;  disch.  Dec.  8,  '63,  for  prom.— Capt.  9  U.  S. 

C.  Inf.  Dec.  20,  '63;  Brevet  Major,  March  13,  '65;  died  . 

MILROY,  Alexander. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D,j  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  17,  '62,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
MINDIRMANN,  Christian.— A.  36,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '64,  i   yr.  Co.  A.; 
transf.  to  Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 


426       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

MINK,  Albert  G.— A.  22,  Enr.  Nov.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  transf.  Co.  D. 

Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  n,  '64;  M.  O. 

Nov.  19,  '64;  also  borne  as  Albert  J. 
MINKLER,  Edward. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  misg.  in 

ac.   Sept.  30,  '64,   Poplar   Spring  Church,  Va. ;   transf.  Co.   B.   140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65; 

absent  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
MITCHELL,  Fred. — A.  40,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Dec.  30,  '62,  at 

Washington,  D.  C. 
MITCHELL,  John. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 
MITTMES6ER,  Joseph.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Corp. 

Feb.  4,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds 

July  7,  '62;  also  borne  as  Mittnasser  and  Maltmesser. 
MOAK,  Frederick  Anthony. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ; 

Sgt.  Aug.  30,  '61;  1st  Sgt.  Feb.  24,  '64;  ret.  to  ranks  July  26,  '64; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64;  died  July  28,  '09,  at  New  Berlin,  N.  Y., 

of  heart  disease. 
MOFFITT,  James. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  Nov.  24,  '62. 
MONROE,  Charles  J. — A.  32,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  ;  M.  O.  May  30, 

'65,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 
MONTAGUE,  Harrison. — A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  returned ;  disch.  Dec.  22, 

'62,  for  prom.— 1st  Lieut.  Co.  E.  10  N.  Y.  V.  Art.    [P.  O.  1568  Broad- 
way, Denver,  Colo.] 
MOODY,  David  F. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Corp.  same 

date;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  17,  '62,  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
MOON,  Elisha. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  13,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Jan.  27,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Moore.     Sub.  serv. 

Private,  14  N.  Y.  V.  Arty.  Aug.  22,  '63;  disch.  March  12,  '65;  died 

MOORE,  George  C. — A.   16,  Enr.   Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  C. ;  Muse, 

returned  to  ranks ;  transf.  Co.  D.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  Corp.  Dec.  4,  '62 ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
MOORE,  John  R. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  misg.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  returned;  disch. 

for  dis.  Sept.  25,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.     [P.  O.  Trenton  Falls, 

N.  Y.] 
MOORE,  Milton.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  April  16,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Milson. 
MOORE,  Orrin  G. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  to 

U.  S.  Sig.  Corps  Jan.  12,  '64    [P.  O.  Greeley,  Colo.] 
MOORE,  William.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  k.  in  ac.  May 

5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      427 

MOORE,  William.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
MORELAND,  John  J.— A.  18,  Enr.  Dec.  30,  '63,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  6,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  E.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
MORGAN,  Albert. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.,  Corp.  Co.  E.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  w.  and  misg.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  returned ; 
transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  4,  '62,  at  David's 
Island,    N.   Y. 

MORGAN,  Edward. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '64. 
MORRIS,  William. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp.  Jan. 

I,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64.     [P.  O.  93  Lancaster  St.,  Albany, 

N.  Y.] 
MORSE,  Charles  E.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

May  I,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Eldred,  Pa.] 
MORSE,  Perry. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ; 

re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11, 

'64.     [P.  O.  Arcade,  N.  Y.] 
MORSE,  Phillip. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  E. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co.;  died  at  Corning,  N.  Y.,  April 

3,  '07. 
MORSE,  Joseph  E.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Nov.  21,  '62,  at  Alexandria,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Moose. — Sub. 

serv. :  re-enlisted  Aug.  25,  '64  Co.  A.  3  N.  Y.  V.  Cav. ;  prom. — ist 

Lieut,  and  Regtl.   Commissary,  Jan.   10,  '65;    ist  Lieut.  Co.   H.  4 

N.  Y.  Prov.  Cav.,  as  Joseph  I.  [Consolidation  with  i   N.  Y.  Mtd. 

Rifles]  ;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Nov.  29,  '65 ;  commanded  Scott  Co.,  Va. 

under  re-construction  laws ;  com'd.  by  Gov.  of  N.  Y.  Brevet  Capt. 

of  N.  Y.  V.  for  meri.  serv.     [P.  O.  339  Franklin  Place,  Plainfield, 

N.  J.] 
MORSE,  Willis.— A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63.  Gettysburg,  Pa. ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64.     [P.  O.  Hersey,  Mich.]  ;  died . 

MORTON,  Isaac  L.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  died  of 

typhoid  fever  Dec.  24,  '61,  in  hosp.  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
[MOSHER,  Alfred  E.— See  James  Smith.] 
MOSHER,  William.— A.  21.  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Dec.  27,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
MOSS,  Montgomery. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  April  2,  '63,  at  Washington,  D.  C.     Sub.  serv. :  re-enlisted  Aug. 

31,  '63,  Co.  I.  18  N.  Y.  V.  Cav.;  Sgt.  Co.  C.  Dec.  10,  '63;  ist  Sgt. 
Jan.  9,  '65;  Co.  B.  June  30,  '65;  M.  O.  with  Co.  May  31,  '66,  at 
Victoria,  Texas;  also  borne  as  Montgomery  C. 


428       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

MOYER,  Amenzo.— Private,  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  F.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  May  22,  '64,  North  Anna,  Va. ;  M.  O. 

Jan.  4,  '6s,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  310  Dudley  St.,  Syracuse,  N.  Y.] 
MULVANEY,  James. — A.  20,  Enr.  Nov.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  no  record 

after  Jan.  26,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Mulvaw. 
MUNCY,  Andrew  J.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf.  Co. 

H.  Sept.  19,  '61 ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ; 

died  of  wounds  July  7,  '62,  at  Richmond,  Va.,  while  prisoner  of  war. 
MUNCY,  Henry. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  died  of  fever, 

April  5,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. 
MUNCY,  Kinyon  A. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  wounds  Nov.  22,  '62, 

at  Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Nortonville,  Kan.] 
MUNDY,  Frederick  R. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs. ;  ist  Lieut,  and 

Regtl.  Q.  M.  Oct.  I,  '61;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died  Aug. 

29,  '96,  at  New  York  City. 
MUNGER,  Bennett.— A.  4^,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Capt.  Oct. 

3,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  det.  Jan.  21,  '64  for 

duty  at  Prison  Camp,  Elmira,  N.  Y. ;  accidentally  w.  by  a  Rebel 

prisoner  at  Elmira,  N.  Y. ;  M.  O.  on  consolidation  Oct.  11,  '64;  died 

Oct.  27,  ''jy,  at  Canandaigua,  N.  Y. 
MUNGER,  Orett  L.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  11,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  ist  Sgt. 

Oct.  3,  '62;  2nd  Lieut.  Jan.  31,  '63;  Act.  Adjt.  Jan.  22,  '64,  to  Aug. 

16,  '64;  1st  Lieut.  Co.  G.  Aug.  4,  '63;  cap.  in  ac.  [slightly  w.]  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  at  Beaver  Dam  Sta., 

Va. ;  Capt.  Sept.  19,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  3,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va. 

[P.  O.  6  Madison  St.,  Chicago,  111.] 
MUNSON,  Scott. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.   14,  '62.  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  k.  in  ac. 

July  2,  %2>,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
MUNSON,  Willis  W.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  transf. 

Vet.   Res.  Corps  Nov.   15,  '63;  det.  as  Mounted  Orderly,  at  Pay 

Master  Genl.  office,  and  as  Clerk  in  A.  G.  O.,  U.  S.  A. ;  M.  O.  Aug. 

'65. — Sub.  serv. :  re-enlisted  in  U.  S.  A.,  served  six  years ;  det.  as 

Clerk  in  A.  G.  O.,  Washington,  D.  C;  M.  O.  Aug.,  '71.     [?•  O. 

Otisco,  N.  Y.] 
MURGILTROYD,  Eleason.— Private,  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to 

Co.  D.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  deserted  while  in  ac.  July  2,   '(i^t, 

Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  also  borne  as  Murgatroid. 
MURPHY,  William. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  wounds  Feb.  26,  '63,  at 

Falmouth,  Va. 
MYERS,  Jerome. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  k.  in  ac.  July 

1,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 

NAHOLTZ,  John  W.— Private,  Co.  G.  25  N.  Y.  V.  L ;  transf.  to  Co.  D. 

this  regt.  June  28,  ^(iZ ',  no  record  after  March  3,  '64. 
NASH,  David. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in  ac.  July 

2,  '63,  at  Gettysburg,  Pa. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      429 

NASH,  Edward  L. — A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  cap.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta., 

Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  also  borne  as  Edward  T. 
NASH,  Eugene  Arus. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  H.  Sept.  19.  '61 ;  Sgt.  Sept.  20,  '61 ;  2d  Lieut.  Oct.  3,  '61 ;  acting 

Adjt.   May  27,  '62  to  Oct.  28,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Second 

Bull  Run,  Va. ;  A.  A.  Insp.  Genl.  of  3d  Brg.  March  i,  '63  to  March 

I,  '64;  Capt.  Co.  D.  Nov.  30,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  May  30,  '64,  Bethesda 

Church,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64;  com'd.  Lieut.-Col.  U.  S. 

C.  T.  but  unable  to  muster  on  account  of  wounds.  [Died  of  heart 

failure  at  Cattaraugus,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  1,  1911-] 
NEARY,  Patrick.— Private,  Co.  I.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  this  regt. 

June  19,  "63;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  140  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent 

sick  at  muster  out  of  Co. 
NELLIGAN,  Theobald.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  S,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  21,  '64,  at  Weldon 

R.  R.,  Va. 
NELLIGAR,  Abram. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  May  3,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  7  Lexington  Ave., 

Albany,  N.  Y.]     Died  1910. 
NELLIS,  Adalbert  D.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  20,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64;  died  at  his  home,  Ilion,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  3,  '88. 
NEVINS,  John.— A.  38,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  w.  in  ac.  Dec 

13,   '62,   Fredericksburg,  Va. ;   transf.    10  Regt.   2d   Bat.   Vet.   Res. 

Corps  Aug.  II,  '63;  M.  O.  June  30,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
NEWLAND,  Alexander. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  transf.  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps  July  i,  '63. 
NEWTON,  Francis.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.   E. ;  transf. 

Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '65;  deserted  July  i,  '65,  at  North  Lawrence,  N.  Y. 
NEWTON,  Spencer  D.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

Nov.  18,  '63;  Sgt.  Feb.  7,  '64;  died  April  27,  '64,  at  Camp,  Alexan- 
dria, Va. 
NICHOLS,  Alexander.— A.   21,  Enr.    Sept.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   I.;  no 

record  after  Nov.  15,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
NICHOLS.  Almon  M. — A.  44,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs. ;  wagoner  Co.  B. ; 

died  of  dysentery,  Aug.  10,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
NICHOLS,  Gardner.— A.  26,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Dec.  15,  '62,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
NICHOLS,  Reuben.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Feb.  29,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
NIMMONS,  Robert  B.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  Sgt. 

Sept.  25,  '62 ;  died  of  typhoid  pneumonia,  Jan.  2,  '63,  at  regtl.  hosp., 

Falmouth,  Va. 


430       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

NOLAN,  William. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  2^,  '62,  at  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
NOONEN,  John. — A.  21,  Enr.  March  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  no  record 

after  March  9,  '64,  near  Alexandria,  Va. 
NORRIS,  Peter  A.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.  5,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  6,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
NORRIS,  William  Nelson— A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  w.  in 

ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  died  of  wounds  July  22,  'dz,  at  Get- 
tysburg, Pa. ;  buried  in  Nat'I.  Cemetery. 
NORTHROP,  Edward  B.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp. 

April   I,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  II,  '62,  at  Annapolis,  Md. ;  com'd.  as  2d  Lieut.  July  3,  '63, 

but  not  mustered. 
NUGENT,  James. — A.  21,  Enr.  March  5,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  no  record 

after  March  15,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
NYE,  Milo  D. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac.  Sept. 

30,  '64,  Poplar  Spring  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  died  of  wounds  Oct.  20,  '64,  at  Armory  Square  Hosp., 

Washington,  D.  C. 
OAKS,  Dorr  B. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  died  of  disease 

Dec.  6,  '61,  at  Union  Hosp.,  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
O'BANKS,  George. — A.   18,  Enr.  Sept.   17,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  I.  Oct.  25,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for  wounds  Sept.  23,  '62,  at  New  York  City; 

also  borne  as  George  Banks. 
O'BANKS,  S.  Hiram. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  ifor 

dis.  Sept.  23,  '62,  at  New  York  City,  as  Hiram  S.  Banks ;  also  borne 

as  H.  J.  Banks. 
O'BANKS,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  March  13,  '63. 
O'BERNE,  Henry.— Private,  Co.  G.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  this 

regt.  June  28,  '63 ;  no  record  after  July  28,  '64,  from  hosp. ;  also 

borne  as  Brone. 
O'BRIEN,   Michael.— Private,  Co.  E.   14  N.   Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  to  N.  Y.  H.  A.  April  i,  '64;  also 

borne  as  O'Bryan. 
O'HARA,  William. — A.  18,  Enr.  March  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64 ;  transf.  Co. 

D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65;  also  borne  as 

O'Horo. 
O'LARY,  Lawrence. — A.  23,  Enr.  March  14,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  misg.  in 

ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  William;  no  further 

record. 
OLCOTT,  Egbert. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

D.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Nov.  27,  '61,  to  accept  prom,  as  ist  Lieut. ;  Capt. 

[25  N.  Y.  V.  I.]  April  17,  '62;  prom,  to  Maj.  121  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Aug. 

23,  '62;  also  borne  as  Alcott;  Lieut.-Col.  April  10,  '63;  w.  in  ac. 

May  6,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O.  Dec.   13,  '64;  M.  O.  revoked 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      431 

and  restored  to  rank  Jan.  10,  '65;  Col.  April  18,  '65;  M.  O.  with 

regt.  June  25,  '65,  Hall's  Hill,  Va.     [P.  O.  Cherry  Valley,  N.  Y.] 
OLDER,  Theodore. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B.;  transf.  140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  May  29,  '65. 
OLIVER,  George  W.— A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64;  died  Jan.  10,  '06,  at  his  home,  Albany,  N.  Y. 
OLIVER,  William.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  Feb. 

7,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  20,  '65; 

M.  O.  June  28,  '65.     [P.  O.  697  Arkansas  Ave.,  Memphis,  Tenn.] 
OLMSTED,  Hirah  F.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  25,  '62 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  7,  '64,  at  U.  S.  Genl.  Hosp.,  York, 

Pa.     [P.  O.  816  B.  St.,  N.  E.,  Washington,  D.  C] 
OLNEY,  Ebenezer. — A.  27,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  re-enlisted 

as  vet.  Feb.   11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.   Sept.  23,   '64;   transf.  Co.  K. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65 ;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
ONDEKIRK,  John.— A.  zi,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;    died  of 

disease  April  18,  '62,  at  Old  Point  Comfort,  Va.,  as  Onderkirk. 
ONEIL,  Daniel. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  E. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
O'NEIL,  Michael. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  Nov. 

10,  '62  to  enlist  in  Batt.  B.  to  U.  S.  Arty. 

O'NEIL,  William. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 
3,  '65;  Corp.  July  II,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65;  died  at  his  home, 
Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.,  June  25,  '08. 

O'NEIL,  John. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Sgt.  Oct.  3,  '62 ; 
returned  to  ranks  Nov.  11,  '62;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug. 
21,  '65.     [P.  O.  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.] 

ORCUTT,  Alonzo.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  C.  20  U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Feb. 

I,  '64;  M.  O.  July  10,  '65,  at  Frederick  City,  Md. 
ORR,  George  W. — A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Fifer  Sept. 

30,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  15,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
ORR,  Robert. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  Corp.  Sept.  6,  '61 ; 

Sgt.  April  I,  '62;  k.  in  ac.  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. 
OSBORN,  Charles.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
OSGOOD,  Lucius  L.— A.  28.  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp. 

Dec.  24,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  June  2,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Spring  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  K.  140  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  disch. 

no  date;  died  April  21,  '08,  at  his  home.  Big  Rapids,  Mich. 
OSSEKER,  Charles. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co. 

F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  ID,  '64 ;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 


432       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

OSTERHOUT,  Abram.— A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp. 

Jan.    I,  '63;   M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.   11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also 

borne  as  Abram  H. ;  died  April  18,  '97. 
OSTRANDER,  Philip.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  w.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  Corp.  April  27,  '64;  w.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. 
OSTROM,  John  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Sgt.  Sept. 

25,  '62;  disch.  Dec.  30,  '62  for  prom. — 2d  Lieut.   176  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Dec.  18,  '62;  M.  O.  Aug.  3,  '63;  com'd.  ist  Lieut.,  not  mustered. 
OSWALD,  John  B. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

B.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  k.  in  ac.  April  i,  '65,  at  Five  Forks, 

Va. 
OTTISON,  Samuel.— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  1  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
OTTMAN,  Norman. — A.  ZT,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  4,  '63,  Chancellorsville,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  27,  '63,  at 

Div.  hosp. 
OVERBAUGH,  James  W.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  died 

of  disease  May  19,  '62,  in  hosp.  in  New  York  City. 
OVERTON,  Charles  G.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

Corp.,  no  date;  w.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  White  Oak  Ridge,  Va.; 

absent  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
PABODIE,  Henry  C— A.   18,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  24,  '63,  at  David's  Island,  N.  Y. ;  died . 

PACKER,  John  B.,  Jr.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  w.  in 

ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at 

Albany,  N.  Y. 
PADDOCK,  Stephen.— A.  24,  Enr.  Jan.  13,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Aug.  4,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Va.     [P.  O.  4  Myrtle  Ave., 

Albany,  N.  Y.] 
PALMATEER,  Joseph  C— A.   18,  Enr.   Aug.    16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.; 

disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  21,  '61,  as  Palmerteer. 
PALMER,  James  H.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61.  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  transf. 

Co.  E.  Oct.  7,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan. 

20,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
PANGBORN,  Orrin.— A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch.  Feb. 

7,  '63,  at  David's  Island,  N.  Y. 
PANGBURN,  James  E.— A.  17,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Muse; 

transf.  Co.  E.  Oct.  26,  '62;  cap.  in  ac.  Aug.  19,  '64,  at  Weldon  R.  R, 

Va.;  paroled;  transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  The  Veterans'  Home,  Wis.] 
PANGBURN,  Jr.,  Job  J.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  16,  '62„  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. ;  died  July  14,  '01,  at 

Natl.  Mil.  Home,  Ohio. 
PANGBURN,  Joseph  G.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Sept.  23,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  as  Joseph  J.     [P.  O. 

Baltimore,  Md.] 


M.    V.    B.    WAGONER.. 

After  his  service  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  as  shown  in  the  Roster  in  June. 
1864,  by  order  of  the  President  of  the  United  States,  he  was  commissioned 
2d  Lieutenant  in  the  iiSth  Reg.  U.  S.  C.  T.,  and  was  ordered  to  report  at 
Owensboro,  Ky.,  where  he  did  recruiting  and  scouting  duty.  In  September, 
1864  his  regiment  reported  to  Gen.  U.  S.  Grant  at  City  Point,  Va.  and  by 
him  was  assigned  to  the  25th  Army  Corps,  Army  of  the  James,  with  which  it 
served  until  the  close  of  the  Civil  War. 

After  over  three  years  of  hard  service,  it  was  his  lot  to  be  with  one  of  the 
first  regiments  to  enter  Richmond.  But  he  went  into  the  city  like  a  4th-of-July- 
soldier  on  parade,   instead   of  by   hard   fighting   that   he   had   expected   so   long. 

He  was  shortly  after  made  Acting  Adjutant,  promoted  to  ist  Lieutenant  and 
Adjutant,  then  made  Captain,  but  still  being  retained  as  Adjutant.  Later  he 
was  detailed  as  A.  A.  A.  General,  ist  brigade,  ist  division,  25th  Army  Corps, 
where  he  remained  until  mustered  out  of  service,  February  6,  1866,  at  White 
Ranch,   Texas. 

At  the  close  of  the  Civil  War  two  corps  from  the  Army  of  the  James  were 
sent  to  Texas,  his  regiment  being  among  them.  French  troops  were  still  in 
Mexico,  and  our  troops  were  sent  to  assist  the  Mexican  Liberal  Army,  in  case 
the  invaders  were   not  withdrawn.      The   French   withdrew   shortly   afterwards. 

Captain   Wagoner    says: 

"So  we  had  a  good  sail  from  City  Point,  Va.,  around  through 
the  Gulf  to  Brazos  Santiago,  Texas,  and  served  there  for  some 
eight  months  further.  In  return  for  not  mustering  out  our  two  corps 
at  the  close  of  the  war,  the  government  treated  us  liberally  and  gave 
all    commissioned    officers   three    months'    extra    pay." 


1.     T^E  iNi. 

f  PUBLIC  L.^....., 

f  ■  '  ^ 

I  ASTOK,  LENOX  | 

I  TILDZN  FOUNDATIONS  f 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      433 

PARADU,  Edward. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Sept.  30,  '64,  at   Poplar   Spring  Church,  Va. ;   transf.   Co.   E.    140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '61;  cap.  Dec.  18,  '64;  paroled;  M.  O.  July  17, 

'65. 
PARK,  Montgomery  L. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Jan.  26,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md.,  as  Parke.     [P.  O.  St.  Louis, 

Mo.] 
PARKER,  Andrew.— A.   19,  Enr.  Sept.  8,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  died  of 

fever  Dec.  25,  '62,  Harewood  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
PARKER,  Charles.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  3,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
PARKER,  Gardner  S. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  cap.  in 

ac.  Nov.  28,  '63,  Mine  Run,  Va. ;  no  further  record. 
PARKER,  Harrison. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Hastings,  W.  Va.] 
PARKER,  James  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Dec.   13,   '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;   disch.   for  dis.  June  9,  '63,  at 

Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  1646  P.  St.,  Lincoln,  Neb.] 
PARKER,  Thomas  F. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  disch.  for 

dis.  June  16,  '62,  at  Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Sanborn,  N.  Y.,  R.  F. 

D.] 
PARKINSON,  Edward  C— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  20,  '61 ;  re-enlisted  as  vet.  Dec.  29,  '63 ;  det.  to  Griffin's  Batt. 

U.  S.  Arty.  Jan.,  '62  to  Feb.,  '64;  disch.  Jan.  i,  '64  for  prom. — 2d 

Lieut.  Co.  M.  13  N.  Y.  H.  A.  April  28,  '64;  Capt.  Nov.  i,  '64;  M.  O. 

June  28,  '65,  at  Norfolk,  Va.     [P.  O.  397  Adelphi  St.,  Brooklyn, 

N.  Y.] 
PARKINSON,  William  J.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch. 

for  dis.  May  28,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
PARROW,  Michael. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '62.  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  transf.  Co: 

A.  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O. 

June  3,  '65. 
PARSLOW,  John. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  no  record 

after  Oct.  2,  '62,  at  Sharpsburg,  Md. 
PARSONS,  Robert  W.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.   14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  no 

record  after  Aug.  18,  '62,  at  New  York  City. 
PARTRIDGE,  Eugene. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Oct.  25,  '62; 

transf.  Co.  C.  Dec.  26,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  31,  '63;  also  borne 

as  Patridge.     [P.  O.  East  Syracuse,  N.  Y.] 
PAYNE,  James  E.— A.   18,  Enr.  Jan.   7,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.   B. ;  died  of 

typhoid  fever  Aug.  24,  '64,  at  hosp..  City  Point,  Va. 
PEARCE,  James  S. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  as 

James  S.  Pierce.     [P.  O.  603  West  i8oth  St.,  New  York  City] 
PEASE,  Charles  E. — A.  23,  Enr.  and  mustered  in  as  ist  Lieut.  Sept.  25, 

'61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Jan.  11,  '63;  disch.  May  27,  '63  for 

prom.— Capt.  A.  A.  G.,  U.  S.  V.  May  25,  '63;  Brevet  Major  U.  S.  V. 

Aug.   I,  '64,  "for  faithful  and  meri.  serv.  in  the  field";  resigned 


434 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 


April  29,  '65. — Prior  serv. :  Private  Co.  A.  10  N.  Y,  Mil.  June  and 

July,  '61,  guard  duty  at  Albany  barracks;  died  March  25,  '86,  at  New 

York  City. 
PEASE,  Loomis  H. — A.  40,  Enr.  and  mustered  in  as  Chaplain  Oct.  i, 

'61,  3  yrs. ;  disch.  Feb.  i,  '62. 
PEASLEE,  Horace. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61  and  mustered  in  as  Corp. 

Co.  G.,  3  yrs. ;  k.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
PECK,  James.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
PELTON,  Charles. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct. 

3,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  21,  '63,  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O. 

Wheeler  Centre,  N.  Y] 
PENNY,  John  W. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct. 

S,  '61;  returned  to  ranks  May  30,  '62;  transf.  Co.  F.  Oct.  25,  '62; 

det.  at  Conv.  Camp,  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  7,  '63,  at  Conv. 

Camp,  Alexandria,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Pinney ;  died . 

PERKINS,  George  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  19,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
PERRIN,  Oscar  P. — A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  April 

16,  '62,  at  Union  Genl.  Hosp.,  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
PERRY,  Alexander. — A.  44,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

[lost  a  leg]  Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb. 

28,  '63,  at  Washington,  D.  C. ;  died  May,  '04,  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y. 
PERRY,  Jacob  L. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  no  record 

after  Oct.,  '61. 
PERRY,  Theodore.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for 

dis.  Feb.  4,  '63,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. — Sub.  serv. :  re-enlisted  Nov.  24, 

'63  in  Co.  K.  15  N.  Y.  H.  A.,  3  yrs.,  as  Theodor  N.  Peary;  transf. 

Co.  F.  Feb.  22,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  22,  '65,  at  Washington, 

D.  C.     [P.  O.  Riverside,  Mich.] 
PERSONS,  Franklin.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  cap.  in 

ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines   Mills,  Va. ;  paroled  Aug.  3,  '62,  at  City 

Point,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.   11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.;  also 

borne  as  Pearsons. 
PERSONS,  George.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  died  of 

disease  May  5,  '62,  at  hosp.,  Yorktown,  Va. 
PETIT,  John. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac.  Sept.  30, 

'64,  Poplar  Grove  Church;  transf.  Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64. 
PETZOLDT,  William.— Private,  Co.  C.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co. 

K.  this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co. 

F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  17,  '64;  also  borne  as 

Pettigold.     [P.  O.  Macedon,  N.  Y.,  R.  F.  D.  No.  3] 
PFOTENHAWER.  Julis.— A.  34,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65. 
PHILLIP,  William  H.— A.  28,  Enr.  March  19,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

M.  O.  March  15,  '65. 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      435 

PHILLIPS,  Amos.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  li,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. ;  died  at  W.  R.  C.  Home,  Oxford,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  25,  '04,  from 

an  accident. 
PHILLIPS,  Andrew  J. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  no  further  record ;  died  . 

PHILLIPS,  Charles  E.— Private,  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  U.  S.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  i,  '6^. 

[P.  O.  746  East  Broadway,  Toledo,  Ohio] 
PHILLIPS,  George  W.— A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  15,  '63,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. ;  died . 

PHILLIPS,  Henry.— A.  33,  Enr.  Sept.  28,  '63,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  transf.  Co. 

A.  Sept.  24,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  6,  '64;  w.  in  ac. 

no  date;  died  of  wounds  April  21,  '65,  in  hosp. 
PHILLIPS,  James  A.— Private,  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
PHILLIPS,  John. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  2  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  n,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 
June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65. 

PHILLIPS.  Richard  C— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in 
ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  disch.  June  28,  '64  for  prom. — 2d 
Lieut.  43  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  June  28,  '64 ;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  20,  '65— 
re-appointed  2d  Lieut.  57  U.  S.  C.  Inf.;  ist  Lieut.  May  21,  '65 
M.  O.  Dec.  13,  '66;  det.  as  pioneer  officer  ist  Brg.  4  Div.  i  A.  C 
and  Prov.  Mar.  ist  Div.  25  A.  C.     [P.  O.  Naples,  N.  Y.] 

PHILLIPS,  William  H.— Private,  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co 

B.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  July  i,  '64. 
PHILLIPS,  William  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch 

for  dis.  Nov.  13,  '62,  at  Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Belleville,  N.  Y.] 
PIEPENBRINK,   Charles.— A.  22,   Enr.   Sept.  4,  '61,  3   yrs.   Co.   F, 

drummer;  Private  May,  '62;  Corp.  Aug.  14,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co 

Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  Brevet  ist  Lieut,  by  the  Gov.  of 

New  York,  March  10,  '66.     [P.  O.  22  Lark  St.,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 
PIKE,  Irving.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  died  of  disease 

May  23,  '62,  at  hosp..  New  York  City. 
PILSWORTH,  David  J.— A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch. 

Dec.  8,  '63,  for  prom. — ist  Lieut.  20  U.  S.  C.  T.  Feb.,  '64;  Capt. 

July  25,  '65 ;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  7,  '65 ;  died  May  2,  '95,  at  his 

home,  Brooklyn,  N.  Y. 
PINOCK,  David.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 
■  A.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  27,  '62,  at  Providence,  R.  I.,  as 

David  Pennock. 
PITCHER,  Henry.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  k.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  as  Henry  Richer. 
POST,  Harmon  W.— Private,  Co.  G.   14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  no  record  after  July  11,  '64. 


436       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

POST,  James  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  died  May  20, 

'62,  at  Southampton,  L.  I.,  N.  Y. 
POST,  John  A. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Nov.  29,  '62,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  died . 

POWDERLY,  Robert. — A.  22,  Enr.  March  31,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  cap. 

in  ac.  May  6,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  paroled ;  disch.  Sept.  12,  '65,  at 

Albany,  N.  Y. — Prior  serv. :  Enr.  Co.  C.  177  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'62,  for  period  of  nine  months ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Sept.  10,  '63 ;  also 

borne  as  Powdly. 
POWELL,  Samuel  J.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Sgt.  Oct. 

3,  '62;  det.  Jacklyn  S.  S.  July  18,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  1. 

Oct.  10,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug. 

21,  '65.     [P.  O.  Minneapolis,  Kan.] 
PRESTON,  Calvin  W.— A.  17,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  drummer; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
PRESTON,  William.— A.  17,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co. 

G.  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  and  paroled,  no  date;  M.  O. 

June  II,  '65,  at  Annapolis,  Md.  ^ 

PRICE,  John. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co.  F. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
PRICE,  Theophilus. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  I.  Oct.  4,  '61 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
PRINDLE,  Henry. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Feb.  20,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Henry  B.     [P. 

O.  Hebron,  N.  Y.] 
PROVOST,  Alfred.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co. 

B.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
PRUD'HOM,  Charles.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  transf. 

Co.  E.  Oct.  15,  '62;  Corp.  Sept.  28,  '63;  Sgt.  Jan.  14,  '64;  cap.  in 

ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  7,  '64,  Beaver  Dam 

Sta,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  ist  Sgt,  no 

date;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  B  March  7,  '65;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65, 

Alexandria,  Va. ;  died  Aug.   19,  '09,  at  his  home.  Lamed,  Kan. 
PULLMAN,  John  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '61 ;  died  of  injuries  received  while  wrestling  June 

17,  '63,  in  hosp.,  Fairfax,  Va. 
PUMMER,  John.— A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Sgt.  in  band ;  M.  O. 

as  1st  class  muse.  July  10,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Va. ;  also 

borne  as  Parmer  and  Pommer. 
PURDY,  Philip. — A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

May  31,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
PUTMAN,  Frank.— A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
QUACKENBUSH,  Isaac— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61.  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  20,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  Sgt.  Aug.  i, 

'62 ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  27,  '62, 

at  Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Cannonsville,  N.  Y.] 
[QUIN,  Jr.,  John — See  Thomas  Mack.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      437 

QUANT,  Peter  L.— A.  29,  Enr.  Oct.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  w.  in  ac. 

July  7,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds,  July  24,  '64,  at 

City  Point,  Va. 
RACE,  Michael. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  k.  in  ac.  July 

I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
RADCLIFF,  Charles. — A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co. 

G.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  White  Oak 

Ridge,  Va. ;  no  further  record. 
RADLEY,  Adam. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  re-enlisted  as 

a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.   140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  8,  '64,  at 

Washington,  D.  C. ;  died  . 

RADLEY,  Erastus  C. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  died  of 

disease  May  11,  '62,  at  City  Hosp.,  Nevir  York  City. 
RAMSAY,  John  A.— Enr.  Aug.  8,  '6i,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27, 

'62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds  Oct.  18,  '62, 

at  Fort  Ellsworth,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  John  H. 
RANKIN,  Ami  D.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  Feb. 

I,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. ;  re-enlisted  Oct.  18,  '62,  at  Sharpsburg, 
Va. ;  wounded  Nov.,  '62 ;  transf.  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps ;  re-transferred 
to  Co.  K.  this  regt.  Feb.  19,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill, 
Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept. 
23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64:  M.  O.  Oct.  21,  '64, 
at  Weldon  R.  R.,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Amos  D. 

RANKIN,  William. — A.  34,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co. 

B.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  2,  '65. 
RANSBOROUGH,  Joseph.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.; 

k.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Roseborough. 
RANSCHER,  Jacob.— Private,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.   I.;  transf.  Co.  F. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Va. ;  transf. 

Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  7,  '64. 
RAYMOND,  George  C— A.  31,  Enr.  Aug.  9,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

II,  '64;  wounded  May,  '63,  Chancellorsville,  Va. ;  M.  O.  Aug.  14, 
'65,  at  Rochester,  N.  Y. ;  died  July  23,  '07,  at  Clifton  Springs,  N.  Y. 

RAYMOND,  John  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Corp. 

Sept.  30,  '61;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
READ,  George  P.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.   11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B. 

Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  wounded 

Feb.  6,  '65 ;  transf.  Co.  G.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '6s ;  M.  O.  May 

16,  '65.     [P.  O.  10  Bank  St.,  Danbury,  Conn.] 
REAL,  Henry  R— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Aug.  9,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.,  as  Reel. 
REDDEN,  Peter.— Sgt.,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  F.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  disch.  Aug.  26,  '63  for  prom. — ist  Lieut.  14  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  May  10,  '63;  com'd.  but  not  mustered.     [P.  O.  Camden,  N.  Y.] 


438       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

REDELL,  Jacob  A. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  July  16,  '62,  at  Genl.  Hosp.,  Alexandria,  Va.,  as  Jacob  A.  Bedell. 
REED,  William. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co.  G. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65. 
REESE,  James  H. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  19,  '62,  at  Fort 

Monroe,  Va.  , 

REID,  Alexander  I. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

June  27,  %2,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg, 

Pa. ;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Feb.  15,  '64. 
REINOLD,  William  A.— A.  35,  Enr.  Oct.  6,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  Corp. ; 

M.  O.  July  ID,  '65 ;  also  borne  as  Renolds  and  Randell. 
REMER,  Clarence. — A.   17,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;   Muse; 

disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  12,  '62,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
REMORE,  Andrew  J. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Dec.  31,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
REND,  William  P.— Corp.,  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  this  regt. 

June  24,  '63;  dis.  July  7,  '63.       [P.  O.  Chicago,  111.] 
RENO,  Daniel  H. — A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Nov.  I,  '62,  at  Hammond  Genl.  Hosp.,  Point  Lxjokout,  Md. 
REUTER,  George. — A.  48,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs. ;  ist  class  muse,  in 

band ;  M.  O.  July  10,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Va. 
REVERE  Jr.,  William  H.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Capt. 

Oct.  5,  '61 ;  disch.  Oct.  14,  '62.     Prior  serv. :  ist  Lieut.  11  N.  Y.  V.  I. ; 

resigned  June  i,  '61. 
REXFORD,  Willie  M.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Sgt.  Aug. 

30,  '61;  disch.  for  prom.  Sept.  22,  '62 — Capt.  Co.  D.  114  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Aug.  18,  '62;  Major  131  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Jan.  10,  '63;  Lieut. -Col.  Jan. 

16,  '63 ;   M.  O.  with  regt.  July  26,  '65,  at  Savannah,  Ga. ;  died  at 

Norwich,  N.  Y.,  1906. 
REYNOLDS,  Clark.— A.  17,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Feb.  20,  '63,  at  Washington,  D.  C. ;  [P.  O.  Italy  Hill,  N.  Y.]. 
REYNOLDS,  John  D.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch. 

Dec.  2,  '61,  for  prom. — 2d  Lieut.  Co.  A.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Nov.  7,  '61 ; 

resigned  Jan.  24,  '62. 
REYNOLDS,  Ross.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  Oct., 

'62. 
RICE,  Henry  T. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds  Sept. 

21,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.     [P.  O.  South  Dayton,  N.  Y.] 
RICE,  Horace  N. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  wounded  and 

cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled  July  25,  '62,  City 

Point,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64; 

transf.   Co.   H.   140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.   11,  '64;   disch  Oct.   12,  '64; 

died  . 

RICE,  James  C. ;  A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs. ;  mustered  as  Lieut-Col. 

Sept.  13,  '61;  Col.  July  4,  '62;  commanded  3d  Brg.  i  Div.  5  A.  C. 


44  th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      439 

July  2,  '63,  until  disch.  Aug.  23,  '63  for  prom. — Brig.-Genl.  U.  S.  V. 
Aug.  17,  '63;  k.  in  ac.  May  11,  '64,  Spottsylvania  C.  H.,  Va.,  com- 
manding 2d  Brig.  4  Div.  5  A.  C.  Prior  Serv. ;  Enr.  May  10,  '61, 
in  39  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  "Garibaldi  Guard;"  promoted  Lieut.,  Adjt.  and 
Capt.;  disch.  Sept.  12,  '61. 

RICHARDS,  Jason  A.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  w.  in 
ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  6,  '64,  at  the 
Wilderness,  Va. 

RICHARDSON,  James  S.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  ^y,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  no 
record  after  Oct.,  '61. 

RICHARDSON,  Rensselaer  D.  L— A.  39,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co. 
E. ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  21,  '63,  at  Genl.  Hosp.,  Baltimore,  Md. 

RICHMON,  Christian.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf. 
Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  9,  '65,  at  hosp.. 
Washington,  D.  C,  as  Richman. 

RIGGS,  Horace  M.— Enr.  Aug.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Sgt.  Aug.  30,  '61 ; 
2d  Lieut.  Co.  G.  Aug.  8,  '62 ;  M.  O.  Feb.  i,  '63. 

RILEY,  John. — A.  25,  Enr.  Feb.  8,  '64,  3  yrs.,  mustered  in  as  Private, 
unassigned,  Feb.  22,  '64;  no  further  record. 

RILEY,  Patrick. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 
8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds  Oct.  11,  '64, 
Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Pittsfield,  Mass.] 

RILEY,  Thomas. — A.  19,  Enr.  March  8,  '64,  3  yrs.;  mustered  in  as 
Private,  unassigned  March  8,  '64;  no  further  record.  Prior  serv.  as 
Private,  Co.  F.  36  N.  Y.  V.  I.  May  13,  '61 ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  July  15, 
'63,  at  New  York  City. 

RILEY,  William. — A.  28,  Enr.  April  7,  '64,  3  yrs. ;  mustered  in  as 
Private,  unassigned  April  9,  '64;  no  further  record. 

RING,  Barnard. — Age.  date  and  place  of  enlistment  not  stated ;  as- 
signed to  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Spring 
Church;  transf.  Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf  Co.  H.  5 
N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65. 

RIPLEY,  Cryus. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  died  of  typhoid 
fever  April  22,  '62,  at  Old  Point  Comfort.  Va. ;  also  borne  as 
Riseley. 

RIPLEY,  Lewellyn. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  died  of 
disease  April  22,  '62,  at  Camp  Winfield  Scott,  Va. 

RISELEY,  Samuel. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 
H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  2.  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  re-enlisted  as 
a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  died  of 
wounds  June  i,  '64,  at  Washington,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Risley. 

ROACH,  Isaac  J. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '6x,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp.  Sept. 
6,  '61 ;  died  of  typhoid  fever  Dec.  29,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 

ROVERSON,  J.  Charles.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  M.  O. 
with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

ROBERTS,  Azum. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac. 
Aug.  30,  '62.  Second  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at 
Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Azum  M.     [P.  O.  Ithaca,  Mich.] 


440       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

ROBERTS,  George  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs. ;  died  of  disease 

Feb.  I,  '63,  at  Portsmouth  Grove,  R.  I. 
ROBERTS,  Hurley. — A.  33,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  transf.  vet. 

Res.  Corps  March  15,  '64. 
ROBERTS,  William  C— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  R;  k.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
ROBESON,  Cornelius  J. — A.  — ,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  no 

record  after  May  12,  '63. 
ROBINS,  John  C. — A.  30,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  disch.  for 

dis.  March  20,  '63,  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Robbin ;  died . 

ROBINSON,  George. — A.  18,  Enr.  Feb.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  no  record 

after  Feb.  25,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
ROBINSON,  John.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  and  paroled,  no  date;  M.  O.  June 

3,  '65. 
ROBINSON,  John  J. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  and  died  of  his  wounds  May  28,  '62,  near  Hanover 

C.  H.,  Va. 
ROCK,  Francis. — A.  44,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  Alexandria,  Va. 
ROCK,  Peter. — A.  34,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  I  yr.  unassigned;  transf.  Co. 

G.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  White  Oak 

Ridge,  Va. ;  paroled;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
ROCKWOOD,  William  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.; 

w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  disch.  fc^  dis.  from  wounds 

Nov.  3,  '62,  at  Alexandria.  Va.     [P.  O.  Eden,  N.  Y.] 
ROE,  Henry  H. — A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Dec.  18,  '62;  disch.  Dec.  27,  '62.     [P.  O.  Clintondale,  N.  Y.] 
ROE,  James  E. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.   E. ;  cap.  in  ac. 

June,  '62;  paroled;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan. 

18,  '63,  at  Camp  Banks,  Va.     [P.  O.  Clintondale,  N.  Y.] 
ROE,  Samuel  E. — A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 

Sept.  23,  '64 ;  w.  in  ac.  Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  absent  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 

June  3,  '65. 
ROGERS,  David. — A.  25,  Enr.  March  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  14,  '65,  at  Harewood  Hosp., 

Washington.  D.  C. 
ROGERS,  John. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

May  31,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
ROGERS,  William  A.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  Sgt.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Aug.  i,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Va. 
ROOT,  Erastus  C. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  no  further 

record. 
RORAPAUGH,  Clark.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Dec.  21,  '62,  at  Baltimore,  Md.     [P.  O.  Smithville  Flats, 

N.  Y.] 


RODOLPHUS  GILBERT  WARNER. 
Second  Lieutenant,  44tli  New  York    Volunteer  Infantry. 

Enlisted  as  private,  Co.  E,  (Normal  School  Company)  ;  mustered 
Commissar}-  Sergeant;  participated  in  Fredericksburg  l)attle  :  was  ill  in 
hospital  January  to  April  ;  promoted  to  Second  Lieutenant  January 
28th;  participated  in  battles  of  Chancellorsville  and  Gettysburg;  con- 
tinuing ill,  was  honorably  discharged,  Order  375,  War  Department. 

He.\dqu.-\rters   1ST  Division,    ist  Corps, 

Army  of  the  Potomac, 

August   31,    1863. 
It   gives   me   great   pleasure   to   certify   to   tlie   gallant    conduct   of    Lieut.    R.    G. 
Warner,   at   the  battles  ot   Chancellorsville   and  Gettysburg  and   to   his   faithfulness 
to  duty  under  my   command  as  Colonel  of  the  44th   N.   Y.   V.   I. 

J.sMES  C.  Rice,  Brig.-Gen'l., 

Commanding    ist.    Div.,    ist   Corps. 

PERSONAL  RECORD. 
Entered  as  student  the  Dental  College,  Cincinnati ;  located  in  Co- 
lumbus. Ohio.  IMarried  Miss  Mary  Emminger  of  INIansfield,  Ohio,  in 
1866.  Elected  city  councilman,  1881-83.  Member  of  famous  Columbus 
Republican  Glee  Club;  its  president  in  1903.  Elected  councilman-at- 
large,  1903;  re-elected,  1905.  Aid-de-camp  to  Gen.  T  S.  Clarkson, 
Buffalo;  to  Gen,  A.  D.  Shaw,  Chicago,  National  Encampments.  Mem- 
ber of  the  J.  M.  Wells  Post  No.  451.  Companion  Ohio  Commandery 
Loyal  Legion.  In  politics  a  partisan  Republican ;  in  churchmanship 
an  Episcopalian.  Appointed  bailiff  in  Judge  Thomas  M.  Bigger's  court, 
Cohmihus,  Ohio. 


^0.1: Lie  L.. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      441 

ROSENBURGH,  John.— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Feb.  17,  '64,  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Coxsacksie,  N. 

Y.] 
ROSENKRANS,  Alfred.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  died 

May  6,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 
ROSENKRANS,  Frasier. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w. 

and  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  prisoner  of  war  at 

Andersonville,  Ga.,  at  M.  O.  of  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64. 
ROSENKRAUS,  Edward.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  died 

of  disease  July  3,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 
ROSITER,  Thomas.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  F. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  Aug.  14,  '64. 
ROURKE,  Edward  J. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  unassigned ;  transf. 

Co.  F.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
ROURKE,  James  D. — A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  x,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

F.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  April  i,  '65,  Five  Forks, 

Va. ;  paroled ;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
ROWE,  Joseph  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64;  M.  O.  Jan.  30,  '65;  died  . 

ROWE,  Nathaniel. — A.  43,  Enr.  Feb.  27,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  transf.  Co.  D. 

Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died  July 

25,  '64,  at  hosp.,  Alexandria,  Va. 
ROWELL,  James. — A.  31,  Enr.  Aug.  13,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  wagoner 

Oct.  3,  '62;  transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf.  Co. 

F.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65 ;  M.  O.  Aug.  4,  '65.     [P.  O.  c/o  C.  O. 

Lincoln,  Union  City,  Mich.] 
ROWLEY,  Demmon  L. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  det. 

with  Div.  Ordinance  train,  April  26,  '63 ;  wounded  prior  to  April 

'64;  transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
ROWLEY,  Hiram  S. — A.  36,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

Jan.  25,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8.  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  prom. 

Oct.  8,  '64— ist  Lieut.  Co.  K.  142  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Nov.  5,  '61 ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  June  7,  '65,  at  Raleigh,  N.  C.     [P.  O.  Box  2307,  Batavia, 

N.  Y.] ;  died . 

ROYAL,  Amos  N.— A.   18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;   died  of 

diphtheria  July  12,  '63,  Genl.  Hosp.,  Annapolis  Junction,  Md. 
ROYAL,  William. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  Nov. 

18,  '63,  for  prom. — Capt.  9  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Nov.  27,  '63 ;  Brevet  Major, 

U.  S.  V.  March  13,  '65;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Nov.  26,  '66.     [P.  O.  222 

8th  Ave.,  San  Francisco,  Cal.] 
ROYCE,  Clark  E. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  2d.  Lieut 

Sept.  13,  '61,  1st  Lieut.  July  4.  '62;  Capt.  Co.  A.  Aug.  26,  '62;  transf. 

Co.  E.  April  16,  '63;  disch.  Sept.  20,  '63,  for  prom. — ^Lieut.-Col.  6 

U.  S.  C.  Inf.;  Col.  29  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Jan.  i,  '65;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Nov. 

6,  '6s ;  died,  ,  in  California. 

RUGGLES,  Franklin  P.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  disch. 

March  5,  '63,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 


442       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

RUMSEY,  Samuel  E. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for 
dis.  Aug.  8,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.  [P.  O.  Washington  Heights, 
111.] 

RUNGE,  Charles  H.— Private,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  C. 
this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct  11,  '64; 
M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 

RUSO,  Nicholas.— A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  transf.  Vet. 
Res.  Corps  Oct.  29,  '63. 

RUSSELL,  Isaac. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf.  Co. 
C.  Sept.  25,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va.,  through 
right  foot;  Sgt.  Aug.  4,  '62;  transf.  Co.  A.  Oct.  25,  '62;  w.  in  ac. 
in  right  leg,  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  3,  '64, 
at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  died  Nov.  29,  '94,  at  Camelot,  N.  Y. 

RUSSELL,  Isaac  H. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  disch.  for 
dis.  June  2,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.     [P.  O.  Gowanda,  N.  Y.] 

RUSSELL,  James.— Private,  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B.  this 
regt.  Junt  24,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf. 
Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  absent  wounded  at  M.  O.  of 
Co.  June  3,  '65. 

RUSSELL,  James  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct. 
5,  '61;  Sgt.  Jan.  I,  '62;  1st  Sgt.  June,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  July  21,  '62;  as 
1st  Sgt.  commanded  Co.  C.  at  battles  of  Gaines  Mill,  Va.,  and  Mal- 
vern Hill,  Va.,  and  as  2d  Lieut,  until  Aug.  29,  '62 ;  slightly  w.  in  ac. 
at  Gaines  Mills ;  w.  in  ac.  in  left  thigh,  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ; 
transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62;  transf.  Co.  H.  Nov.  26,  '62;  transf.  Co. 
A.  Dec.  10,  '62;  resigned  Aug.  11,  '63;  com'd.  ist  Lieut,  but  not 
mustered.     [P.  O.  71  Anderson  St.,  Hackensack,  N.  J.] 

RUSSELL,  John  H. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  28,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  transf.  to 
I  U.  S.  Arty.  Oct.  25,  '62. 

RUSSELL,  Nicholas.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  M.  O. 
with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Catskill,  N.  Y.] 

RUSSELL,  Robert. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf. 
Co.  K.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 

RUTHERFORD,  Daniel  G.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E.; 
transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65.  [P. 
O.  River  Falls,  Wis.] 

RYAN,  John. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  12.  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. :  k.  in  ac. 
June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 

RYAN,  Patrick. — A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac.  Dec. 
13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  27,  '63,  at  Alex- 
andria, Va. 

RYDER,  George  C — A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 
Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  21,  '62,  at  Dun- 
barton  St.  Hosp.,  Georgetown,  D.  C. — Sub.  serv.  as  George  C. 
Rider,  in  Co.  G.  18  N.  Y.  V.  Cav. ;  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '63,  3  yrs. :  Corp. 
April  4,  '65;  M.  O.  with  Co.  May  31,  '66,  at  Victoria,  Texas;  also 
borne  as  Reiter.     [P.  O.  Dalton,  Mass.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      443 

SALES,  William.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Second  Bull  Run;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  4,  '63,  at  Balti- 
more, Md. ;  also  borne  as  Sailes. 
SAMMONS,  Duane.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
SANDERS,  George  W.— A.  24,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  died  of 

fever,  Dec.  21,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  George  N. 
SANDERS,  James. — A.  22.  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Nov.  12,  '62,  at  Warrenton,  Va. 
SANDFORD,  Willard  W.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  S,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Oct.  25,  '62;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Oct.  5,  '63.     [P.  O.  New 

Haven,  Conn.] 
SANDMAN,  Joseph. — A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ; 

M.  O.  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  370  North  52nd 

Street,  Chicago,  111.] 
SATTERLEE,  Jerome  B. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  cap. 

in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled;  Corp.  May  11,  '63; 

transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Feb.  15,  '64;  M.  O.  Aug.  30,  '64,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Satterly.     [P.  O.  United  States  Dept. 

Agriculture,  Washington,  D.  C] 
SAUTER,  Elias. — A.  42,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  17,  '65,  as  Sauter. 
SAWYER,  James  M.— Private  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  A. 

this  regt.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
SAYLES,  Henry. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65,  as 

Henry   Sayers. 
[SCHAFFER,  Peter.— See  Peter  Shafer.] 
SCHAFFER,  Emory  A. — A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  died 

of  disease  April   16,  '62,  at  hosp.  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  also  borne  as 

Shaffer. 
SCHARFHAUSEN,  Frederick.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ; 

transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65, 

White  Oak  Ridge,  Va. ;  paroled;  transf.  Co.  I.  5  N.  Y.  V.  I.  June 

3,  '65,   and  M.   O.   as   Shalfhausen,  Aug.  9,  '65,   at  Hart's   Island, 

N.  Y. 
SCHEMMERHORN,  Isaac  H.— A.  17,  Enr.  April  13,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ; 

transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.   Oct. 

II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  White  Oak  Ridge,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  D.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65 ;  M.  O.  June,  '65. 
SCHERMERHORN,  George  W.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ; 

Fifer,  Oct.  5,  '61 ;  died  of  disease  Nov.  21,  '61,  Kalorama  Hosp., 

Washintgon,  D.  C. 
SCHERMERHORN,  John.— Private  Co.  G.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to 

Co.  H.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 


444       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

Co.  B.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64,  as  Schemerhorn;  transf.  Co.  I. 

5  N.   Y.   Vet.   Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65,  at 

Hart's  Island,  N.  Y.,  as  Schermerhorn. 
SCHERMERHORN,  John  H.— Private  Co.  H.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.  ;  transf. 

to  Co.  H.  this  regt.  June  19,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg, 

Pa.;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  140  N.  Y.  V.   I. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  Corp.  June 

21,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65. 
SCHERMERHORN,    Myron    K.— Private   Co.    H.   25    N.    Y.    V.    I.; 

transf.  to  Co.  H.  this  regt.  June  19,  '63;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  k.  in  ac.  Feb.  5,  '65, 

Hatchers'  Run,  Va.,  as  Schemerhorn. 
SCHLEIGER,  John.— A.  17,  Enr.  Oct.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Muse.  Oct. 

9,  '61;  transf.  Co.  C.  Oct.  26,  '62;  transf.  Co.  K.  Sept.  21,  '64;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Schleger; 

died  June  5,  '02. 
SCHMIDT,  Andrew.— Private  Co.  C.   14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co. 

G.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  to  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  to 

Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  Nov.  9,  '64. 
SCHMIDT,  John.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  I. 

146  N.   Y.   V.   I.   Oct.   10,  '64;  no  record  after  Oct.  6,  '64,  near 

Petersburg,  Va. 
SCHMIDT,  John  J.— Private  Co.  C.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.  ;  transf.  to  Co.  F. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  disch.  July  13,  '63. 
SCHREIBER,  Gotlieb.— A.  42,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.;  Sgt.  in  band 

Sept.  14,  '61 ;  M.  O.  as  ist  Class  Muse.  July  10,  '62,  at  Harrison's 

Landing,  Va. 
SCHREIBER,  Stephen  W.— A.  40,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.;  Muse,  in 

band ;  M.  O.  as  band  leader  [with  rank  of  2d  Lieut.]  July  10,  '62,  at 

Harrison's  Landing,  Va. 
SCHRODER,  William.— A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  23,  '65;  also  borne 

as  Sthroder. 
SCHRYVER,  Peter.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 
Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  M.  O.  Oct.  27,  '62 ;  also  borne  as  Peter  J.  Schriber. 
SCHUBERT,  George.— A.  31,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64. 
SCHUTT,  Frank  B. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  Corp.  Dec.  29,  '62 ;  Sgt.  May  25,  '63 ; 

w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March 

7,  '64;  M.  O.  Sept.  24,  '64.     [P.  O.  Mt.  Washington,  Mass.] 
SCHWEIKERT,   Sigmund.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.; 

Corp.  Jan.  i,  '63;  Sgt.  March  4,  '63;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  19,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65;  also  borne  as  Sigerman  Schwykert;   died 

April  2,   1907,  at  S.  and  S.  Home,  Bath,  N.  Y. ;  buried  in  Home 

Cemetery. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      445 

SCOTT,  Addison. — A.  18,  Enr.  June  24,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  E. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65.  [P.  O.  Athens,  N.  Y.] 
SCOTT,  Charles  E.— A.  27,  Enr.  March  24,  '64,  at  Catskill,  N.  Y.,  3  yrs. ; 

mustered  as  Private  unassigned  March  28,  '64;  no  further  record. 
SCOTT,  Jeremiah. — A.  38,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac.  Dec. 

13,  '62,  Frederickburg,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.   II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Franklin, 

N.  Y.] 
SCOTT,  Thomas.— Private  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  A.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  July  28,  '64. 
SCOVILL,  Edward. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co. 

I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  White 
Oak  Ridge,  Va. ;  paroled;  M.  O.  Aug.  31,  '65,  at  Elmira,  N.  Y. 

SCRAFFORD,  Christopher.— Private  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to 

Co.  F.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.   Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  H.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
SCRANTON,  William.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co. 

B.  this  regt.  June  28,  '63;  transf.  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  28,  '63; 

also  borne  as  William  H.  Scrandlin. 
SEARLES,  William  C. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf. 

Co.  C.  Oct.  6,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  H.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Granville,  N.  Y.] 

SECOR,  Andrew. — A.  33,  Enr.  Oct.  17,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  April  6,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Secoy. 
SEELEY,  George  W.  B. — A.  27,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch. 

Sept.  27,  '62,  to  accept  commission  in  137  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
SEELEY,  William. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  D. 

Sept.  6,  '61 ;  Corp.  March,  '63 ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  23,  '64 ;  Sgt. 

Feb.  24,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  146  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  19,  '65;  also  borne  as  William  S. 
SEIDEL,  George.— Private  Co.  F.  14  N.   Y.  V.   L;  transf.  to  Co.  F. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  G.  6  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  15, 

'64;  M.  O.  July  14,  '65,  at  Cleveland,  Ohio,  as  George  C. 
SEITZ,  George. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  k.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Sietz. 

SEISM,  Jacob  H.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E.;  transf.  Co.  D. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  as  Seism.     [P.  O. 

Fultonville,  N.  Y.] 
SENN,  Anson.— Private  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  Co.  K.  this  regt. 

June  25,  '63 ;  w.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept. 

21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  k.  in  ac.  March 

31,  '65,  at  White  Oak  Ridge,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Lane  and  Sane. 
SENTELL,  William  C. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  Sgt.  Sept.  25,  '62 ;  disch.  for  prom. 
Sept.  23,  '62. — prom.  Major  160  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Sept.  28,  '62;  disch.  for 
dis.  Sept.  14,  '64 ;  also  borne  as  William  M.  and  William  C. ;  died 
Dec,  1889,  at  Sodus  Point,  N.  Y. 


446       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

SEVERANCE,  Alonzo.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  det. 

to  1st  U.  S.  Art.  Oct.  15,  '62,  until  Aug.,  '64;  M.  O.  Sept.  19,  '64, 

near  Perrysville,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Alonzo  M. 
SEWARD,  Thurlow  W.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  M.  O. 

Aug.  13,  '62.     [P.  O.  Florida,  N.  Y.] 
SEXTON,  Jason.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Vet. 

Res.  Corps  Nov.  30,  '63;  disch.  for  prom.  Oct.  8,  '64. — ist  Lieut. 

Co.  E.  175  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  10,  '65.  as  Saxton; 

died  May  30,  1910,  at  North  Wales,  Pa.,  while  delivering  a  Decora- 
tion Day  address  on  the  public  school-house  lawn;   was  stricken 

with  heart-failure  and  fell  dead  in  the  midst  of  his  speech. 
SHAFER,  Peter. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;   Corp.  Jan.  3,  '63 ;  cap.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63, 

Gettysburg.  Pa. ;  paroled  Sept.  2,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold 

Harbor,  Va. ;   M.   O.  with  Co.   Oct.    11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,   as 

Schaffer. 
SHAFFER,  A.  Webster. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '6r,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Capt. 

Sept.  23,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  Dec.  24, 

'62. — Sub.  serv.  in  Vet.  Res.  Corps  as  Capt.  Aug.  19,  '63,  and  Brevet 

Lieut.  Col.  March  13.  '65;  died  Nov.  14,  '02. 
SHAFFNER,  David.— A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Sheffner. 
SHAPLEY,  Jr.,  David.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 

Aug.  30,  '61 ;  died  of  inflammation  of  the  brain,  Feb.  15,  '62,  at  Hall's 

Hill,  Va. 
SHAW,  Christopher. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B.;  transf.  Co. 

B.  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
SHAW,  McKendree. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co  .D. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled ;  cap.  in  ac.  Aug. 

30,  '62,  Second  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  rejoined  regt.  about  Dec.   i ;  Corp. 

Jan.,  '63 ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63 ;  disch.  Dec.  31,  '63,  for 

prom. — 2nd  Lieut.  22  U.  S.  C.  Inf.;  w.  in  ac.  June  15,  '64,  Petersburg, 

Va.;  1st  Lieut.  37  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Dec.  25,  '64;  resigned  Feb.  8,  '66. 

[P.  O.  Phoenix,  Oswego  Co.,  N.  Y.] 
SHAW,  Alboson. — A.  17,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 

146  N.  Y.   V.   I.   Oct.  II,  '64;  w.  In  ac.  April  i,  '65,  Five  Forks, 

Va.;  M.  O.  July  6,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C.  [P.  O.  Nat'l  Soldiers' 

Home,    Milwaukee,    Wis.] 
SHEARER,  Benn. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  K.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

Corp ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65,  near  Alexandria,  Va. ;  also  borne 

as   Sheerar. 
SHEARER,  Truman. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  absent, 

sick  in  hosp.  from  July  to  Sept.,  '62 ;  no  further  record. 
SHEFFIELD,  Albert.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Red  House,  Cat- 

taragus  Co.,  N.  Y.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      447 

SHEFFIELD,  George  N.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  k.  in 

ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  George  R. 
SHEHAN,  Jeremiah. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  I  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  10,  '64;  disch.  for  dis.  June  7,  '65;  also 

borne  as  Jerry  Schehen. 
SHEPARD,  Alonzo  C. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Jan.  16,  '64. 
SHEPARD,  James  G. — A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Corp.  same 

date;  Sgt.  Nov.  i,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch. 

Sept.  20,  '62,  for  prom. — 2nd  Lieut.  Co.  A.   151  N.  Y.  V.   L  ;  ist 

Lieut.  ;  disch.  for  dis.  from  wounds  April,  '63. — Sub.  serv.  ist 

Lieut,  and  Adjt.  5  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Oct.  24,  '63;  M.  O.  July  i,  '66. 

[P.  O.  Niagara  Falls,  N.  Y.] 
SHEPARD,  James  M. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  July  i.  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled  about  Aug.  i,  '62; 

M.  O.  for  dis.  Oct.  14,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  died  by  an  accident 

at  Buffalo,  N.  Y. 
SHEPHERD,  Henry. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  13,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  July  19,  '64,  at 

City  Point,  Va. 
SHEPPARD,  Joseph. — A. ,  Enr.  Oct.  3.  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  no  record 

after  Oct.,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill.  Va. 
SHERMAN,  Charles. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Aug.  28,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
SHERWOOD,  John  P.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  Dec  11,  '64,  Weldon 

R.  R.,  Va. ;  paroled;  M.  O.  with  Co.  June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Oneida 

CastU,   N.   Y.,  Box  463.] 
SHERWOOD.  Mervin  R.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch. 

for  dis,  Jan.  22,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Norwich,  N.  Y.] 
SHIPLEY,  Robert  F.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct. 

3,  '62;  Sgt.  Nov.,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  I.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  ist  Sgt.  no  date;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65,  at  Hart's  Island,  N.  Y. — awarded  Medal  of 

Honor  by  Congress  for  capturing  colors  of  9th  Va.  Inf.  at  Five 

Forks,  Va. ;   died  April  29,   '03,   at  his   home,   Mendota,   111. ;   also 

borne  as  Robert  E. 
SHIRLEY,  Hugh.— Private  Co.  A.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B.  this 

regt.  June  28,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ; 

died  Aug.  19,  '82,  at  Nat.  Soldiers'  Home,  Ohio.  , 

SHOEFELT,  Samuel. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.  transf. 

Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64 ;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65. 
SHOVE.  John. — A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  20,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md. ;  also  borne  as  Sove. 
SHUFELT,  Henry  T. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  cap.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta., 


448       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

Va. ;   w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  Corp.  July  i,  '64; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64;  also  borne  as  Shoefelt. 
SHULTZ,  Noah. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.   Co.  C. ;  w.   in  ac. 

May,  '64,  Spottsylvania,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  K.   140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  24,  '65;  also  borne  as  Noah  H. 
SHUTTER,  William.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  dropped 

as  a  deserter  Dec.  24,  '62 ;  ret.  May  12,  '63 ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23, 

'64;  transf.  Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  19,  '64, 

at  Weldon  R.  R.  Va. 
SHUTTGAN,  Philip  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64,  while  absent,  sick;  no  further 

record ;  also  borne  as  Shuttigan. 
SICKLESON,  Joseph. — A.  20,  Enr.  April  14,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  deserted 

May  I,  '64,  in  the  field,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Tickleson  and  Zickhorn. 
SIGNER,  William. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  for 

dis.  April  15,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
SIGOURNEY,   Charles  F. — A.  23,  Enr.   Aug.  20,   '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ; 

transf.  Co.  F.  Oct.  27,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. 
SILCOX,  Henry.— Private  Co.  E.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  this  regt. 

June  24,  '63 ;  no  further  record. 
SILLIMAN,  Frederick. — A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  March  14,  '63,  at  Convalescent  Camp,  Va.     [P.  O.  York- 
shire Centre,  N.  Y.]  ;  died  . 

SIMMONS,  Josephus. — A.  39,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in 

ac.  Nov.  7,  '63,  Rappahannock  Sta.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  wounds,  April 

21,  '64,  at  Finley  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Worcester,  N. 

Y.] ;  died . 

SIMONS,  John.— Private,  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  A.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '6^,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
SIMONS,  Mathew. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  25,  '62,  at  Baltimore.  Md. 
SIMPSON,  Lewis. — A.  22.  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co. 

I.  Oct.  4,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64 ;  transf.  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y. 

V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  28,  '64,  at  Baltimore,  Md. 
SISSON,  Reuben. — A.  37,  Enr.  Aug.  13,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  June 

I,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H. 

5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65;  died  Sept  7,  '86; 

buried  at  Italy  Hill,  N.  Y. 
SITTERLY,  Martin.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct. 

5,  '61 ;  k.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
SIZER,  John  M. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  Corp.  Aug.  30, 

'61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  Sept.  3,  '62 

for  prom. — Capt.  Co.  G.  116  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Sept.  3,  '62;  Major  Sept. 

14,  '63;  Lieut-Col.  Oct.  30,  '64;  M.  O.  with  regt.  June  8,  '65,  at 

Washington,  D.  C. 


CORP.  JOHN  B.  WEBER,  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Born  at  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  21,  1842.  Enlisted  as  Private  and  repre- 
sented the  Seventh  Ward  of  Buffalo  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  Vols.  Aug. 
7,  1861 ;  promoted  to  Corporal  Aug.  9,  1861 ;  Sergeant  Jan.  2.  1862;  Ser- 
geant-Major March  28;  Second  Lieutenant  JNIay  30,  1862,  in  44th  Regi- 
ment; First  Lieutenant  and  Adjutant  of  11 6th  New  York,  July  25, 
1862;  Acting  Assistant  Adjutant-General  of  Brigade  Jan.  10,  1863; 
Colonel  89th  Reg.  LInited  States  Colored  Infantry  Sept.  21,  1863  and 
placed  in  command  of  Brigade.  Participated  in  all  marches,  skirmishes, 
sieges  and  battles  of  his  several  commands,  including  Yorktown,  Han- 
over Court  House,  Gaines  Mills,  Malvern  Hill  and  Seven  Days  Battles ; 
Plain  Store,  Siege  of  Port  Hudson,  two  assaults  on  Port  Hudson  and 
Cox  Plantation,  Louisiana.  Was  assistant  postmaster  of  Buffalo, 
sheriff  of  Erie  County,  representative  of  Forty-ninth  and  Fiftieth 
Congress;  First  United  States  Commissioner  of  immigration,  and  or- 
ganized Immigration  Bureau  at  Port  of  New  York;  chairman  of 
United  States  Commission  to  Investigate  in  Europe  and  report  causes 
inciting  immigration.     Residence,  Lackawana  City,  Erie  County,  N.  Y. 


COL.  JOHN  B.  WEBER,  89th  U.   S.  C.   I. 


I     THE  NEvr,^^-! 

f  PUBLIC  LIBRARY  I 

ASTOR,  LENOX 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      449 

SKILLEN,  Robt.  M.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  Corp.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  2^,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Dec.  27,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.     [P.  O.  Akron,  N.  Y.] 
SKINNER,  Sidney  S.— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  Corp. 

July  — ,  '62 ;  Sgt.  Feb.  — ,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  at  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
SKINNER,  Thomas. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  2Z,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  403  Madison  Ave.,  Albany, 

N.  Y.].     Died  1902. 
SKINNER,  William  A. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  Oct.  20,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  April  20,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
SLATER.  Emery. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  det.  in  Batt. 

D.  5  U.  S.  Atry.  Jan.  7,  '62,  until  Aug.,  '64;  transf.  Co.   G.  this 

regt.  Jan.  4,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  as  Emery  C.  Slater; 

also  borne  as  T.  Slater. 
SLATER,  Levi. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  and  cap.  in 

ac.  July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  July  17,  '62,  at 

Richmond,  Va. 
SLOCUM,  John. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Feb.  19,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Slocumb ;  died  Oct. 

27,  '03,  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y. 
SLOES,  Louis. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  C. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65;  M.  O.Aug.  21,  '65. 

SMALL,  William. — A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64 ;  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  C. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65- 
SMEAD,  John. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Sept.  22,  '62,  at  Arlington  Heights,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Snead ;  died 

April  25,  '04. 
SMITH,  Abram  H. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  30,  '64,  Bethesda  Church,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  13,  '64,  at 

Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Starkville,  N.  Y.] 
SMITH,    Albert. — A.   22,   Enr.    Aug.    28,   '62,   3   yrs.    Co.    E. ;    died   of 

typhoid  fever  and  pneumonia,  Dec.  7,  '62,  near  Falmouth,  Va. 
SMITH,  Bernard  N. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  Sept.  22,  '62,  for  prom. — 

2d  Lieut.  Co.  A.  169  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Aug.  25,  '62;  ist  Lieut.  Co.  B.  Dec. 

4,  '62;  Capt.  May  24,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  July  19,  '65,  at  Raleigh, 
N.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Bernard  M. 

SMITH,  Chester. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  k.  in  ac.  July 

2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
SMITH,  Francis.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
SMITH,  Francis  Z.— Private,  Co.  A.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  near  Alexandria,  Va.,  as  Francis  Smith. 
SMITH,  Franklin.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  no  record 

after  Sept.  i,  '62,  at  Sharpsburg,  Va. 


45©      44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

SMITH,  George. — Age.  date  and  place  of  enlistment  not  stated ;  Private, 

Co.  A. ;  k.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. 
SMITH,  George  G. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  k.  in  ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 
SMITH,  Henry  C. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.   19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  wagoner, 

Aug.  30,  '61;  ret.  to  ranks;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va., 

disch.  for  wounds,  March  30,  '63,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
SMITH,  Henry  G. — A.  35,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  11,  '64;  Corp.  Aug.  9,  '64; 

transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  il, 

'64;  prom.  2d  Lieut.  Co.  G.  April  27,  '65;  M.  O.  May  26,  '65. 
SMITH,  Horatio  A. — A.  24.  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  k.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run, 

Va. 
SMITH,  Hosea. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  died  of  typhoid 

fever  March  9,  '62,  in  hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
SMITH,  James. — A.  30,  Enr.  March  11.  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  no  record 

after  May  i,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
SMITH,  James, — alias  Mosher,  Alfred  E. — A.  18,  Enr.  March  3,  '64,  3 

yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  disch.  for 

dis.  June  7,  '65. — Prior  serv.  as  Alfred  E.  Mocher,  A.  18,  Enr.  as 

Private,  Co.  B.  24  N.  Y.  V.  Cav.  Jan.  7,  '64,  3  yrs;  disch.  for  dis. 

June  7,  '65,  at  Mower  Genl.  Hosp..  as  James  Smith,  Co.  K.  44  N.  Y. 

V.   I.;   transf.    from  Ohio   Natl.    Soldiers'   Home,   Nov.    15,  '76  to 

U.  S.  Govt.  Hosp.  for  insane,  Washington,  D.  C,  as  a  patient. 
SMITH,  John  C— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  died 

SMITH,  John. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
SMITH,  Morris. — A.   19,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;   disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  4,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va.     [P.  O.  Natl.  Soldiers'  Home, 

Milwaukee,  Wis.] 
SMITH,  Myron. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  30.  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3, 

'65;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65.     [P.  O.  Prattsburgh, 

N.  Y] 
SMITH,  Phineas  W.— Enr.  Sept.  22,,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp.  May  i, 

'62 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct.  14,  '62.  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  employed  in 

U.  S.  P.  O.  Dept.,  Washington,  D.  C. ;  died  July  26,  1906  of  cancer, 

at  Homeopathic  Hosp..  Washington,  D.  C. 
SMITH,  Samuel.— A.  36,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  transf.  Co.  I. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
SMITH,  Stevens  S.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  disch.  for 

dis.  Dec.  24,  '62,  at  Baltimore,  Md.     [P.  O.  Java,  N.  Y.] 
SMITH,  Stinson.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  no  record 

after  Oct.  21,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY      451 

SMITH,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  and  cap. 

in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ;  paroled  about  Sept.  7,  '62 ;  disch. 

for  wounds  Jan.  7,  '63,  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Fayetteville, 

N.  v.] 
SMITH,  William. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  H. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  no  record  thereafter. 
SMITH,  William  W. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  24  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March 

IS,  '64;  M.  O.  Aug.  2,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Naples,  N. 

Y.,  R.  F.  D.  No.  26]. 
[SNEAD,  John.— See  Smead.] 
SNYDER,  George  W.— A.  33,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  died  of 

disease  Jan.  17,  '63,  on  transport  "John  Tucker,"  at  Windmill  Point. 

Va. ;  also  borne  as  George  M.;  buried  in  Natl.  Cemetery,  Fredericks- 
burg, Va. 
SNYDER,  Jacob. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  no  further  record. 
SNYDER,  Peter.— Private,  Co.  H.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  F.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  July  19,  '63. 
SOLSBURY,  Hiram.— Private,  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  unassigned 

to  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  further  record. 
SOMMERS,  Peter  N.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Vet.  Res.   Corps  March  7,  '64;  also  borne  as  Samuels;  died  . 

SOUTHERBY,  Thomas  R.— A.  33,  Enr.  Aug.  23,  '62,  3  yrs.   Co.  C; 

Corp.  Nov.,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne 

as  Sutherby. 
SOWLES,  John  N. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  disch.  to  en- 
list in  U.  S.  Army,  Jan.  19,  '63. 
SPAULDING,  Harlan  P.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  Corp. 

March  4,  '63 ;  disch.  Oct.  18,  '63  for  prom. — Capt.  Co.  E.  7  U.  S.  C. 

Inf.  Oct.  10,  '63 ;  det.  as  prov.  mar.  of  sub.  dist.  Victoria,  Texas, 

Jan.,  '66  to  April,  '66;  commanded  post,  Victoria.  Tex.  until  Oct. 

15,  '66;  M.  O.  Nov.  16,  '66,  at  Baltimore,  Md. ;  Brevet  Major  and 

Brevet   Lieut. -Col.    March,   '65   for   gall,    and   meri.    serv.     [P.    O. 

Springville,  N.  Y.] 
SPENCER,  D.  Carlton.— Enr.  Oct.  6,  '62,  3  yrs.,  Asst.  Surgeon ;  M.  O. 

on  consolidation  Dec.  22,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va. 
SPENCER,  Edwin  L. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  2d  Lieut. 

Oct.  5,  '61 ;  disch.  April  3,  '62 ;  also  borne  as  Edward  L. 
SPENCER,  George. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  I. ;  died  of 

chronic  diarrhoea.  May  6,  '63,  at  Fort  Schuyler,  N.  Y.  Harbor. 
SPERLING,  James. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  Corp.;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65, 

White  Oak  Ridge,  Va. ;  paroled;   M.  O.  Aug.  8,  '65,  at  Douglass 

Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
SPHORE,  William  H.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I : ;  disch. 

for  dis.  July  12,  '62 ;  also  borne  as  Spoor. 


452       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

SPICKERMAN,  Orson.— A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  Dec.  19,  '62,  at  Baltimore,  Md. ;  also  borne  as  Spickman. 

[P.  O.  Breakabeen,  Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.] 
SPRAGUE,  Charles  E. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '63,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  25,  '62 ;  Sgt.  Jan.  14,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ; 

disch.    for   wounds    March    10,   '64,   at   U.   S.    Genl.    Hosp.,   West 

Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  Brevet  Col.  by  the  Gov.  of  New  York,  Dec.  30, 

'68.     [P.  O.  Union  Dime  Savings  Bank,  New  York  City]. 
SPRING,  Vernon  L.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  disch. 

for  dis.  March  i,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. 
SPRY,  George  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  cap.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Second  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  paroled ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;   died  at  his  home,   Minneapolis,   Minn. 

July  12,  '98,  from  injuries  received  in  a  street-car  accident. 
SPRY,  James  Edwin. — A.  18,  Enr.  as  James  C.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ; 

w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  Jan.  14,  '64  for  prom. — 

2d  Lieut.  26  U.  S.  C.  Inf. ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  July  7,  '64,  John's 

Island,   S.  C. ;   supposed  to  have  died  a  prisoner  though  no  later 

traces  of  him  discovered ;  borne  throughout  as  James  C. 
SQUIRES,  Hiram  M.— A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65.     [P.  O.  Wellsville,  N.  Y.] 
STACY,  Almond. — A.  2T,  Enr.  March  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  wounded ; 

disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  12,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
STALKER,  Philip  A.— Private,  Co.  H.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co. 

F.  this  regt.  June  24,  '^2,;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  July  16,  '63;  M.  O. 

July  18,  '65,  at  Boston,  Mass.,  as  Philip  A.  Stocken. 
STANFORD,  Charles  S.  F.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.; 

Corp.  Sept.  25,  '61;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

[P.  O.  Furnaceville,  N.  Y.] 
STARKINGS,  John.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  re-enlisted 

as  a  vet.  Feb.  23,  '64 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.   Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

Corp.  June  i,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65;  also  borne  as  Starkins.     [P. 

O.  Fairfield,  N.  Y.]     Died  Sept.  14,  1909. 
STARR,  Benjamin.— A.  18,  Enr.   Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  died  of 

disease  April  13,  '62,  at  Hampton,  Va. 
STARRING,  Rozell  M.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61.  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  4,  '62;  Sgt.  Jan.  15,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Sparring. 
STEARNS,  Tyler  B.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern 

Hill.  Va. ;  confined  in  Libby  prison  and  paroled  Aug.  i,  '62;  disch. 

Dec.  II,  '63  for  prom. — ist  Lieut.  Co.  F.  19  U.  S.  C.  Inf.  Nov.  27, 

'63;  Capt.  Co.  K.  Nov.  I,  '65;  M.  O.  Jan.  15,  '67,  at  Brownsville, 

Tex.     [P.  O.  Pittsburg,  Kan.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      453 

STEEL,  John. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2, 

'63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  Corp.  July  13,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64, 

at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Still. 
STEEL,  Samuel. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  w.  and  cap. 

in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Aug.  18,  '62, 

at  Richmond,  Va. 
STEVENS,  Edward  G. — A.  25,  Enr.  Oct.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  died  of  wonuds  Sept.  27,  '62,  at  Armory 

Square  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
STEVENS,  George  F. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in 

ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  Corp.  July  27,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
STEVENS,  Henry  E. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Ticonderoga,  N.  Y.]. 
STEVENS,  John  G. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  w.  in  ac. 

July    I,   '62,   Malvern   Hill,   Va. ;    disch.    for   dis.    Nov.   28,    '62,   at 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 
STEVENS,  Michael. — A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  ist  class  Muse,  in  band; 

M.   O.   July   10,   '62,   at   Harrison's   Landing,   Va. ;   also   borne   as 

Steffens. 
STEVENS,  Willard.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
STEWART,  John  E.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  Corp. 

March,  '63;  disch.  Nov.  10,  '63  for  prom. — ist  Lieut.  9  U.  S.  C.  I. 

Nov.    I,  '63;   Adjt.   Dec,  '63;   resigned   Dec.   17,  '64.     [P.   O.  213 

Worthington  St.,  Springfield,  Mass.] 
STEWART,  Martin.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  died  of 

disease  June  8,  '62,  in  hosp.,  at  Fort  Wood,  New  York  Harbor. 
STILLMAN,  William  D.— A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  7,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  May  15,  '62,  at  hosp.,  Georgetown,  D.  C. 

E.  140  N.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3, 
ST.  JOHN,  John.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '64;  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

'65 ;  no  record  after  July  16,  '65,  at  Hart's  Island,  New  York  Harbor. 
ST.  JOHN,  Joseph  E.— A.  33,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Corp.  Oct. 

2,  '61;  Sgt.  June  I,  '63;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  25,  '63,  at  Washington, 

D.  C.     [P.  O.  Arcade,  N.  Y.] 
STOCKHOLM,  Aaron  E.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  Oct.  26,  '62;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  28,  '63;  cap.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta., 

Va. ;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64 ;  transf.  Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct 

II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  G.  5  N.  Y.  V.  I.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  June  16,  '65, 

at  Chestnut  Hill  Hosp.,  Philadelphia,  Pa.     [P.  O.  Franklin  Forks, 

Pa.] 
STODDARD,  Eleazer  B. — A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  k.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 


454       44  th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

STOKES,  Peter.— A.  31,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  C. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  at  White  Oak 

Ridge,  Va. ;  paroled ;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  at  Camp  Parole,  Annapolis, 

Md. 
STOLL,  Henry. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  D.  140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
STONE,  John  Q.— Private,  Co.  G.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  B.  this 

regt.  June  28,  '63;  transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  B.  5  N.  Y.  V.  I.  June  3,  '65 ;  Corp.  July  12,  '65 ;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

Aug.  21,  '65,  at  Hart's  Island,  New  York  Harbor;  also  borne  as 

John  G.  and  John  L. 
STORMES,  James  B.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  Sgt.  Aug.  i,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  Dec.  13, 

'62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  M. 

O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Storm. 
STORRS,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  k.  in  ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 
STORY,  Cornelius.— Private,  Co.  I.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  June  25,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
STORY,  Robert.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  w.  and  cap.  in 

ac.  July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  July  17,  '62,  at 

Richmond,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Storey. 
STORY,  William  J.— A.   18,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;   Corp. 

March  i,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
STRAIL,  Peter  J.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  to  Vet. 

Res.  Corps  Dec.  15,  '63.     [P.  O.  Worcester,  N.  Y.] 
STRAIT,  John. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

July  29,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Straight. 
STREVELL,  Harvey.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  Sgt.  March  6,  '65;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Great  Barrington,  Mass.] 
STROUP,  Jacob. — A.  42,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65 ;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65 ;  died  March  18,  1900,  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y. 
STRYKER,  Stephen  W.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs. ;  mustered  in  as 

Col.  Aug.  30,  '61 ;  resigned  July  4,  '62. — Prior  serv.  ist  Lieut.  Co.  B. 

II  N.  Y.  V.  I.  [Ellsworth's  N.  Y.  Fire  Zouaves]. — Sub.  serv.  as  Lieut. 

Col.  18  N.  Y.  V.  Cav.  Oct.  20,  '63;  dismissed  by  special  order  No. 

296  Hdqrs.  Dept.  of  the  Gulf,  Nov.  i,  '64;  died  at  Chicago,  111.,  May 

ID,  1897. 
STUART,  Edward.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C;  transf.  Co. 

E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  Feb.  6,  '65,  Hatcher's  Run, 

Va. ;  M.  O.  May  22,  '65,  at  Wilmington,  Del. 
STURDEVANT,  Albert.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp. 

Dec.  24,  '62 ;  died  of  small  pox,  Feb.  25,  '64,  at  Alexandria,  Va. ; 

also  borne  as  Sturtevant. 
STURDEVANT,  John  E.— Enr.  Aug.  18,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  April  i,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      455 

STURDEVANT,  Oliver  W.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.; 

Corp.  Sept.  25,  '62;  Sgt.  Sept.  28,  '63;  disch.  Nov.  18,  '63  for  prom. — 

Capt.  10  U.  S.  C.  Inf. ,  '63 ;  resigned  April  6,  '66,  at  Galveston, 

Tex.     [P.  O.  Oneida,  N.  Y.] 
STUTTER,  William.— Private,  Co.  C.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  Co.  F. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  thereafter ;  also  borne  as  Alfred  W. 
SULLIVAN,  Daniel  M.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co. 

G.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  no  record  after  Nov.  21,  '63. 
SULLIVAN,  Thomas. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf.  Co. 

B.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65;  died  . 

SUTFIN,  George  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  k.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 
SWAN,  William. — A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  March 

10,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  unassigned  as 

Private  to  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  Dec.  27,  '64,  as  super- 
numerary non-com'd.  officer,  at  Petersburg,  Va. ;  com'd.  2d  Lieut. 

Dec.  13,  '64,  not  mustered;  declined. 
SWEENEY,  James.— A.  24,  Enr.  March  8,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Aug.  23,  '64,  at  hosp.,  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  also  borne  as  William 

and  John. 
SWEET,  James. — A.  30,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  k.  in  ac.  July 

I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
SWERTFAGER,  John  H.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  re- 
enlisted  as  a  vet.  Dec.  26,  '63 ;  disch.  Jan.  14,  '64  for  prom. — 2d  Lieut. 

26  U.  S.  C.  I. ,  '64;  1st  Lieut.  June  18,  '65 ;  disch.  Aug.  28,  '65, 

at  Poughkeepsie,  N.  Y. ;  died  Dec.  3,  '09. 
SWINTON,  Alexander.— A.  17,  Enr.  Feb.  8,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Muse; 

disch.  for  dis.  March  3,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
SWITZER,  Edward  R. — A.   18,  Enr.  Aug.    19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  no 

record  after  Sept.  i,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  John  R. 
SWITZER,  Silas  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
SYLANDS,  Philip  R.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  disch.  for 

dis.  May  i,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
TABOR,  Charles. — A.  38,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  E. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
TALLMAN,  John. — A.  31,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  3,  '61. 
TANNER,  Samuel  W.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  Regtl. 

Commissary  Sgt.  Sept.  5,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  May  19,  '62.     [P.  O. 

Chicago,  111.] 
TARPENNY,  Shadrack.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  died 

of  fever  July  17,  %2,  at  Hart's  Island,  New  York  Harbor. 
TAYLER,  Samuel  S. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  died  of 

disease  March  g,  '62,  at  St.  Elizabeth  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
TAYLOR,  Andrew  J. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  transf. 

Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  7,  '64.     [P.  O.  Highland,  N.  Y.] 


456       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

TAYLOR,  Charles  W.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 
Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  26,  '63, 
Falmouth,  Va. ;  died,  1907,  at  S.  and  S.  Home,  Bath,  N.  Y. 

TAYLOR,  Darius. — A.  53,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.;  Drum  Major;  disch. 
for  dis.  April  7,  '62,  at  Annapolis,  Md. ;  also  borne  as  Darius  M. 

TAYLOR,  Hiram.— Private,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  F.  this 
regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.  140 
N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  White  Oak  Ridge, 
Va. ;  paroled  April  2,  '65,  at  Aikens  Landing,  Va. ;  M.  O.  June  28, 
'65,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 

TAYLOR,  John  N. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  and  cap. 
in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  July  i,  '62,  at 
Richmond,  Va. 

TAYLOR,  Richard. — A.  44,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  transf.  Co. 
A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  Transf. 
Co.  B.  14  Vet.  Res.  Corps  June  i,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  17,  '65,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C.     [P.  O.  Centre  Cambridge,  N.  Y.] 

TEELING,  Rufas  A.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Corp.; 
cap.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  prisoner  at  Castle  Thunder 
and  Belle  Isle,  Va. ;  paroled  Sept.  13,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  27, 
'63,  at  Parole  Camp,  Annapolis,  Md. — Sub.  serv. :  re-enlisted  23 
N.  Y.  V.  Batt.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs. ;  transf.  to  Co.  M.  8  Regt.  N.  Y. 
V.  Arty.  Dec.  31,  '64;  M.  O.  June  5,  '65,  at  Munson's  Hill,  Va.  [P. 
O.  1063  North  St.,  Pittsfield,  Mass.] 

TEMPLAR,  William.— Enr.  Sept.   15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  Oct. 

5,  '61. 
TENBROECK,  John  V.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  Sgt. 

Sept.  15,  '61;  Sgt.-Major  Dec.  24,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  May  11,  '63;  ist 

Lieut.  Co.  K.  Jan.  24,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Natl.  Soldiers'  Home,  Bath,  N.  Y.] 
TEN  EYCK,  Henry.— Private,  Co.  K.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  12,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
TEUFEL,  Godleiph.— Age,  place  and   date  of  enlistment  not  stated; 

mustered  in  as  Private,  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  to  Co.  F.  146 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  July  16,  '65,  Washington, 

D.  C. ;  also  borne  as  Sufelt. 
THAYER,  Delos  A.— A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  Oct. 

9,  '62  to  receive  prom. 
THOMAS,  Benjamin  N.— A.  19-  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  Corp. 

Jan.  I,  '62;  Sgt.  May  i,  '62;   ist  Sgt.  Aug.  4,  '62;  transf.  Co.  K. 

Oct.  26,  '62 ;  2d  Lieut.  Dec.  27,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg, 

Pa. ;  died  of  wounds  July  8,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
THOMAS,  Judson  P.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  k.  in  ac. 

June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. 
THOMAS,  Oscar.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Second  Bull  Run;  Corp.  Feb.  24,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  8, 

'64;  absent  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co.  June  3,  '65.    [P.  O.  Oneida,  N.  Y.] 


CONSIDER    HEATH    WILLETT. 

Was  born  December  12,  1840,  at  Onondaga,  N.  Y.  He  is  the  only  son  of 
Tryphosa   Jackson   and   William   Willett,   Jr. 

He  was  graduated  from  Albany  Normal  School  in  1862  and  then  enlisted 
in  the  44th  N.  Y.  V.  I.  and  was  made  Orderly  Sergeant.  He  was  in  the  bat- 
tles of  Fredericksburg.  Chancellorsvillc  and  Gettysburg.  .At  Gettysburg  he  cap- 
tured two  swords  and  a  six-barreled  Colts  revolver.  .\ssisted  by  four  com- 
rades, at  the  same  battle,  he  captured  97  prisoners,  the  rebels  being  Texans 
who  were  in  hiding  behind  knolls  to  protect  themselves  from  the  fury  of  the 
Union   musketry. 

After  Gettysburg,  upon  examination,  he  was  promoted  to  Cajjtain  in  the  2d 
Regiment   U.    S.    C.    I.,   in  which  he   served   in    Florida   until  the   close   of  the   war. 

At  Fort  Myers,  in  command  of  the  2d  Florida  Cavalry,  he  captured  a  drove 
of  three  hundred  head  of  cattle  which  were  turned  over  to  the  navy.  On  return 
from  this  expedition  a  cart  trail  was  discovered  which  led  to  his  capturing  two 
blockade  runners  with   their  cargoes. 

At  the  battle  of  Natural  Bridge  (St.  Mark's  Light  House^,  in  command  of  a 
skirmish  line,  he  captured  a  twelve-pound  cannon  and  its  gunners.  He  had  yel- 
low  fever   at    Fort    Taylor.    Key    West. 

After   the   war    he    studied    law    at    .Albany   where    he   was    admitted   to    the   bar. 

In  1867  he  w^as  graduated  from  Michigan  University  Law  School  and  there- 
after  located    in    Chicago. 

He  was  for  several  years  N'illage  Attorney  of  Hyde  Park  and  County  Attorney 
of  Cook   County,   111. 

In  November,  1867,  he  married  Lois  A.  Wilder  and  has  six  daughters  and 
two  sons. 


THE   : 
f  PUBLIC  LlBi. 


ASTOR,  LENOX 
TILi::EN  FOUNDATTO^T? 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      457 

THOMPSON,  Delos. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa.;  transf.  Co.  B.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64;  absent  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co.  June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Oneida,  N.  Y.] 
THOMPSON,  Helim.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  25,  '62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  Sgt.  March  10, 

'64;  transf.  Co.  K.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M  .0.  June  3,  '65; 

died  Dec.  9,  '07,  at  his  home,  Gibbon,  Neb. 
THOMPSON,  Henry.— A.  19,  Enr.  Dec.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Feb.  19,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
THOMPSON,  Nahum.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  20,  '61;  Sgt.  Sept.  I,  '62;  disch,  for  dis.  Dec.  30,  '62,  at  Balti- 
more, Md. 
THOMPSON,  Perry.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  B.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  K.  12  Vet. 

Res.  Corps :  disch.  June  28,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C. ;  died 

,  at  Otisco,  N.  Y. 

THOMPSON,  William.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp. 

Jan.  I,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  prior  to  Aug.,  '64;  cap.   in  ac.  May  8,  '64, 

Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  ir,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  13  Manning  Boul., 

Albany,  N.  Y.] 
THORN,  Charles  E. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

June  3,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11, 

'64;  M.  O.  May  15,  '65,  at  U.  S.  Genl.  Hosp.,  York,  Pa.;  also  borne 

as  Thomas.     [P.  O.  Horseheads,  N.  Y.] 
THORN,  Thomas  R. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  April  16,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
THORP,  Edward. — A.  30,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Dec.  13,  '62,  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  March  25,  '63,  at 

Point  Lookout,  Md. 
THRALL,  John  C. — A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64 ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Threll. 
THRESHER,  Alexander.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co. 

B.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  transf.  to  Co.  M.  2d  N.  Y.  V.  Arty.  April 

I,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  June  16,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  H.  June 

30,  '65 ;  absent,  wounded  at  M.  O.  of  Co. 
THRESHER  Nelson.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  I. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  H.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O. 

June  3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Oxford,  N.  Y.] 
THURSTON,   William   J.— A.   27,   Enr.  Aug.  28,  '62,  3  yrs.    Co.  D.; 

transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  li, 

'64,  while  absent,  sick;   disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  7,  '64,  at  New   York 

City ;  also  borne  as  William  H. 
TICE,  Aaron. — A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  died  of  fever,  June 

13,  '62,  in  camp,  Chickahominy  River,  Va. 


458       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

TIDD,  John  L. — A.  32,  Enr.  March  31,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  May  21,  '64,  at  Wilderness, 

Va. 
TIFF,  Charles. — A.  18,  Enr.  March  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

Sept.  23,  '64;   disch.  for  dis.  Oct.   11,  '64,  at  Beverly,  N.  J.;  also 

borne  as  Tifft.     [P.  O.  Barnes  Corners,  Lewis  Co.,  N.  Y.] 
TINKER,  Alvin  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  Corp.  Aug. 

30,  '61 ;  no  record  after  Feb.  16,  '63,  expiration  of  furlough,  at  Stone- 
man's  Switch,  Va. 
TINKHAM,  Albert  B.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  Sgt.  Aug. 

30.  '61 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Sept.  24,  '62,  at  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va.     [P.  O.  Fisher,  Minn.] 
TOBIAS,  Jacob. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  K. 

Oct.  26,  '62;  transf.  3d  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Nov.  15,  '63;  re-transf.  to 

this  Co.  March  11,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64.  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.   II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Lloyd,   N.  Y.] ; 

died  . 

TOBIN,  Patrick.— A.  41,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  "62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  D. 

I  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Jan.  22,  '64;  M.  O.  July  14,  '65;  died . 

TODD,  Henry. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

2,  '63,   Gettysburg,   Pa.;   re-enlisted  as   a  vet.   Feb.  23,   '64;   Corp. 

Feb.  24,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  det.  to  Capt.  Jacklyn's  Co. 

of  S.  S. ;  M.  O.  in  the  field  Nov.  i,  '64  as  supernumerary  Corp.,  no 

vacancy  existing  in  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  to  which  his  name  was  trans- 
ferred when  the  44  N.  Y.  was  mustered  out,  Oct.  11,  '64.     [P.  O. 

Wilkesbarre,  Pa.] 
TOMKINS,  Joshua.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  May  28,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
TOMKINS,  William   H.— A.   19,   Enr.  Oct.   19.  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.   D;  no 

record  after  Feb.  15,  '62,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 
TOOKER,  Oscar  C— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  Dec. 

8,  '63 ;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re-cap.  May  9,  '64, 

Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ;  transf.  104  Regt.  2  Bat.  Vet.  Res.  Corps; 

disch.  July  13,  '65 ;  died  . 

TOPE,  John  A. — A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  drummer,  Oct. 

5,  '61;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  80 

Lafayette  St.,  Albany,  N.  Y.]     Died  1906. 
TOWNSEND,  Morris  W.— A.  34,  Enr.  Nov.  28,  '62,  in  the  field,  3  yrs.; 

mustered  in  as  a  Surgeon  Dec.  6,  '62;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  11,  '64, 

at  Albany,  N.  Y. — Prior  serv.  as  Surgeon  in  47  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  died  at 

his  home,  Bergen,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  26,  '02. 
TRABER,  Jacob. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

April  21,  '63,  at  Baltimore,  Md. ;  also  borne  as  Traver;  died  April 

2,  '98,  at  Little  Falls,  N.  Y. 
TRACY,  Edward  P.— A.  28,  Enr.  Jan.  4,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf.  Co. 

B,  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  K.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65.     [P.  O. 

Plymouth,  N.  Y.] 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      459 

TRACY,  Henry  Harrison. — A.  19,  Enr.  March  20,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ; 

disch.    for    dis.    Jan.   29,    '63,   at    Alexandria,    Va. ;    also   borne   as 

Henry  C. 
TRAVER,  Elbert. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  died  of  wounds  July  3,  '63,  Gettysburg, 

Pa. 
TRAVIS,  Gould  J. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  25,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co. 

D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
TURNER,  Andrew  J.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  B. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
TUTTLE,  Martin  V. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  cap.  in 

ac.  Aug.  21,  '64,  Weldon  R.  R.,  Va. ;  died  while  prisoner  of  war 

Nov.  16,  '64,  at  Salisbury,  N.  C. 
TYLER,  Charles. — A.  22,  Enr.  Jan.  9,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  k.  in  ac.  May 

5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va.     Prior  serv. :  Private,  Co.  D.  17  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

May  20,  '61 ;  Corp.  Jan.  26,  '63 ;  M.  O.  June  2,  '63. 
TYLER,  Salmon  E. — A.  33,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  East  Durham,  N.  Y.] 
UPDIKE,  Charles.— A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  M.  O.  May 

16,  '65,  at  Satterlee  Hosp.,  West  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
UPRIGHT,  John  M. — A.  29.  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Aug.  4,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing,  Va.     [P.  O.  Gardner,  N.  Y.] 
UPSON,  William  W.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  25,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  May  15,  '62,  at  Annapolis,  Md.     [P.  O. 

Huron,  N.  Y.]  ;  died  May  5,  '07. 
VAIL,  William  W. — A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Nov.  29,  '62,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 
VALENTINE,  William  H.  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.; 

disch.  for  dis.  Oct.,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
VAN  ALSTYNE,  Peter.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Sgt. 

same  date ;  cap.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  no  further 

record. 
VAN  ALSTYNE,  Richard  B.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C; 

transf.  Co.  D.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  March  11,  '64  for  prom. — 2d  Lieut. 

Co.  F.  169  N.  Y.  V.  I.  March  2,  '64 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  14,  '64 ;  also 

borne  as  Van  Alstein  and  Van  Alstyns. 
VAN  ALSTINE,  John. — A.  27,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  ;  died  of  wounds 

March  13,  '65,  at  Jarvis  Hosp.,  Baltimore,  Md. 
VAN  ALSTINE,  Thomas.— Private,  Co.  I.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to 

Co.  K.  this  regt.  Aug.  12,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65. 
VAN  ANTWERP,  Jerome. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ; 

died  of  disease  March  28,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va. 
VAN  VLECK,  Daniel  S.— A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  died 

of  disease  June  13,  '62,  at  City  Hosp.  New  York,  N.  Y. 


46o       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

VAN  BRECKLIN,  Garrett.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A,; 
died  of  typhoid  fever  Aug.  9,  '63,  at  U.  S.  Genl.  Hosp.,  Annapolis 

June,  Md. 
VAN  BUREN,  David.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  May  10,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
VAN  BUREN,  Martin.— A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  disch. 

for  dis.  May  29,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
VANDENBURGH,  Warner.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.; 

Corp.  Nov.  I,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P. 

O.  Coxsackie,  N.  Y.] 
VANDENBURGH,  William.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.; 

w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64, 

at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Coxsackie,  N.  Y.] 
VANDERHEYDEN,  John  I.— Private,  Co.  C.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf. 

to  Co.  F.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac.  June  3,  '64,  at  Cold  Harbor, 

Va. 
VANDERLIP,  William  L.— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  Capt.  Co.  G.;  w. 

and  cap.  in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Sept.   I,  '62;  died  • 

VANDERPOOL,  Andrew.— A.  34,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  k. 

in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
VANDERZEE,  John  G.— A.  32,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch. 

March  27,  '62  for  prom. — 2d  Lieut.  Co.  A.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Jan  10,  '62; 

1st  Lieut.  Co.  G.  May  27,  '62;  Capt.  Aug.  11,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co. 

July  10,  '63,  at  New  York,  N.  Y. 
VAN  EPPS,  Peter  L. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  L  Oct.  4,  '61;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.; 

also  borne  as  Peter  S.     [P.  O.  Weyanwega,  Wis.] 
VAN  HEUSEN,  Jacob  B.— Private,  Co.  K.  25  N.  Y.  V.  L;  transf.  to 

Co.  H.  this  regt.  June  19,  '63;  transf.  Co.  E.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
VAN  KEUREN,  William  S.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.  ; 

Corp.  Nov.,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  I.  Oct.  25,  '62 ;  disch.  Jan.  22,  '63,  by 

prom. — ist  Lieut.  150  N.  Y.  V.  L  Sept.  27,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  July  20,  '64, 

Peach  Tree  Creek,  Ga. ;  Adjt.  Nov.   18,  '64;  Capt.  March  2,  '65; 

M.  O.  with  regt.  June  8,  '65;  Brevet  Major  N.  Y.  V. 
VAN  LOAN,  John  J. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  29,  '63,  at  Conv.  Camp,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Van  Loon ;  died 

Aug.  17,  '99,  in  Maine  Natl.  Soldiers'  Home. 
VAN  NATTEN,  Isaac— A.  45,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  G. ;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  12,  '63 ;  re-transf.  to  this  regt., 

no  date;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  6,  '64,  at  Conv.  Camp,  Va. 
VAN  PATTEN,  Henry.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62;  died  of  small-pox  Jan.  16,  '64,  near  Alexandria, 

Va. ;  also  borne  as  Henry  S.  Patten. 
VAN  PATTEN,  John  E.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  and 

cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  while 

prisoner  of  war,  at  Richmond,  Va. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      461 

VAN  TROMP,  William.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  k.  in 

ac.  May  2^,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
VAN  VALKENBERG,  Sylvanus.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co. 

F. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  27.  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
VAN  VALKENBERG,  Michael.— Private,  Co.  K.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf. 

to  Co.  K.  this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  25,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  May  30,  "65;  also  borne 

as  Valkenburg. 
VAN  VALKENBURG,  Charles.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ; 

died  of  disease  May  2,  '62,  in  hosp.,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
VAN   WAGENER,   Silas.— A.   22,   Enr.    Sept.   4,   '61,  3  yrs.   Co.   E.; 

Corp.  Sept.  6,  '61 ;  transf.  Co.  L  Oct.  25,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Oct. 

30,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  as  Van  Wagoner. 
VAN  WIE,  Isaac  H.— Private,  Co.  L  25  N.  Y.  V.  L ;  transf.  to  Co.  H. 

this  regt.  June  19,  '63;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Nov.  12,  '63. 
VAN  ZANDT,  Garret. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Garret  W. 
VAN  ZANDT,  Jacob. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch. 

for  dis.,  April  16,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
VAN  ZANDT,  William.— Sgt.  Co.  H.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61 ; 

transf.  unassigned,  to  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  further  record. 
VERDIER,  Charles. — A.  32,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '64,  3  yrs.  unassigned ;  transf. 

to  Co.  L  140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf. 

June  3,  '65;  absent  without  leave  at  M.  O.  of  Co.,  Aug.  21,  '65. 
VIELE,  Edwin  W.— A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  4,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  "charge  of 

Oct.  3,  '62,  declared  erroneous;  disch.  Oct.  11,  '64  by  reason  of  M.  O. 

of  Co.  on  that  date,  by  order  of  War  Dept."     [P.  O.  Natl.  Soldiers' 

Home,  Va.] 
VINCENT,  Amos  C. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Nov.  7,  '63,  Rappahannock  Sta.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  7  Vet.  Res. 

Corps ;  M.  O.  June  29,  '65,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
VISCHER,  Harmon. — A.  22,  Enr.  Oct.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  Sgt.  Nov. 

I,  '61;  w.  ,  siege  of  Yorktown;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull 

Run,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  Sept.  11,  '62,  at  College  Hosp.,  George- 
town, D.  C. 
VISSCHER.  John  V.  S.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  6,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.  Corp. 

Aug.  14,  '62;  Sgt.  June  i,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf. 

Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  6,  '64,  at  Weldon 

R.  R.,  Va. 
VOSBURG,  Abram. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  no  record 

after  July  i,  '62,  at  New  York  City. 
WACKER,  Jacob.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  1 1,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
WADSWORTH,  William  L.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.; 

disch.  for  dis.  April  20,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  as 

William  H. 
WAGNER,  Jacob.— Private,  Co.  D.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  A. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  transf. 


462       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

Co.  K.  i6  Vet.  Res.  Corps,  March  27,  '64;  disch.  July  25,  '65;  also 

borne  as  Joseph  Wagoner.     [P.  O.  York,  Pa.  334  West  9th  St.] 
WAGNER,  John  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Oct. 

5,  '61;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  at  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  paroled; 

transf.  Co.  A.  Oct.  25,  '62;  returned  to  ranks  Jan.  7,  '63;  k.  in  ac. 

May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Wagoner. 
WAGONER,  Jacob.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Feb.  2,  '63,  at  New  York;  died  April  23,  '89,  at  his  home.  So. 

Bethleham,  N.  Y. 
WAGONER,  John.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,   Pa.;   Corp.  Feb.   14,  '64;   M.  O.  with  Co. 

Oct.    II,   '64,   at   Albany,   N.   Y. ;    also  borne   as   Wagner.     [P.   O. 

Clarksville,  N.  Y.] ;  died  . 

WAGONER,  Martin  V.  B.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp. 

Sept.  6,  '61;  Sgt.  Jan.  — ,  '64;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  March  31,  '64; 

disch.  for  prom.  Aug.  30,  '64 — 2d  Lieut.  118  U.  S.  C.  I.  June,  '64; 

ist  Lieut,  and  Adjt.  ;   Capt.   Sept.  21,  '65;   det.  A.  A.  A.  G. 

1st  Erg.  1st  Div.  25  A.  C. ;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Feb.  6,  '66,  White  Ranch, 

Tex.     [P.  O.  20  Ten  Broeck  St.,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 
WAHL,  Constantine.— Private,  Co.  C.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  H. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;   cap.   in  ac.   May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ; 

paroled  Dec.  10,  '64,  at  Charleston,  S.  C. ;  died  Dec.  26,  '64,  at  Annap- 
olis, Md. 
WALKER,  Eugene. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  k.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62.  Groveton,  Va. 
WALKER,  Hobart  M.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf. 

Co.  I.  Sept.  25,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Sept.  25,  '61 ;  w.  on  picket  duty  April  6, 

'62,  Yorktown,  Va. ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ; 

paroled;  disch.  for  dis.  Nov.  16,  '62,  at  Annapolis,  Md. 
WALKER,  Seth  A.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  wounds  Feb.  6,  '63,  at 

Alexandria,  Va.     [P.  O.  Greeley,  Kan.] ;  died  July  20,  '97. 
WALLACE,  John  L. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  died  of 

disease  June  10,  '62,  in  camp  hosp.,  near  New  Bridge,  Va. 
WALLACE,  Spencer. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  dishonorably  disch.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at 

Philadelphia,  Pa. 
WALLEY,  John  G.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  27,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  died  of 

abcess  Sept.  29,  '62,  at  Portsmouth  Grove,  R.  I. 
WALRATH,  John  H.— Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Nov.  30,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
WALSH,  Michael  McN.— A.  31,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Capt.  Co.  E. ; 

dismissed  Sept.  4,  '62. 
WALSH,  William  P.— A.  23,  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  P.;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64^ 

M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      463 

WARD,  James  J. — A.  42,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf.  Co.  K. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  disch.  for  dis.  April  3,  '65,  at  Rochester, 

N.  Y. 
WARD,  Thomas. — A.  Z7j  Enr.  Sept.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  wagoner,  Sept. 

26,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  7,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
WARD,  William  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Oct.  29,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  died  of 

disease  March  28,  '62,  at  Alexandria,  Va. 
WARNER,  Corydon  O. — A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  cap. 

in  ac.  June  27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  paroled ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct. 

II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Beloit,  Wis.] 
WARNER,  Rodolphus  Gilbert.— A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ; 

Sgt.  Sept.  25,  '62;  2nd  Lieut.  Jan.  28,  '63;  M.  O.  Aug.  22,  '63.     [P.  O. 

Columbus,  Ohio,  2688  West  Broad  St.] 
WASSERPACH,  Christian.— A.  43,  Enr.  Oct.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.   ist  class 

Muse,  in  band;  disch.  for  dis.  May  18,  '62,  at  York,  Pa.;  also  borne 

as  Wassenbach. 
WASSON,  Joseph  B.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  24,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C. 
WATKINS,  Oren  E. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10, 

'64;  transf.  Co.  B.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65; 

died . 

WATSON,  George  I.— A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  L;  Corp. 

July  2,  '62 ;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  G.  March  10,  '63 ;  M.  O.  Aug.  6,  '63. 
WATSON,  James. — A.  21,  Enr.  March  11,  '64;  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  11,  '64;  M. 

O.  July  16,  '65. 
WEAVER,  David  S.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

6,  '61 ;  Sgt.  June  20,  '62 ;  cap.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Groveton,  Va. ; 

paroled ;  disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  7,  '63,  at  Conv.  Camp,  Va. 
WEAVER,  William. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Feb.  11,  '64; 

also  borne  as  William  H. 
WEBB,  George. — A.  23,  Enr.  Oct.  i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  no  record  after 

Oct.  I.  '62. 
WEBB,  Thomas. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Feb.  23,  '63,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
WEBB,  William  H. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  died  of 

fever  June  28,  '62,  at  Savage  Sta.,  Va. 
WEBBER,  Charles  A.— A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Sept.  30,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Oct.  3,  '61 ;  ist  Sgt.  Dec.  29,  '62;  transf.  to 

Co.  K.  6  Vet.  Res.  Corps  March  16,  '64;  M.  O.  Aug.  13  ,'64,  ex- 
piration of  term. — Sub.   serv. :   re-enlisted  in   Co.  H.  2  Vet.   Res. 

Corps;   disch.   as   Sgt.   Nov.   13,  '65.     [P.   O.   142  East  Ferry  St., 

Albany,  N.  Y.] 
WEBER.  John  B.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  Corp.  Aug. 

30,  '61;  Sgt.  Jan.  2,  '62;  Sgt.-Maj.  April  3,  '62;  2d  Lieut.  Co.  F. 


464       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER   INFANTRY 

May  20,  '62;  disch.  Aug.  8,  '62  for  prom. — ist  Lieut,  and  Adjt.  116 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Aug.  8,  '62 ;  det,  A.  A.  A.  G.  of  Brg.  Jan.  10,  '63 ;  disch. 

Nov.  7,  '63  for  prom. — Col.  89  U.  S.  C.  I.  Sept.  21,  '63;  resigned 

June  20,  '64.     [P.  O.  Lackawanna  City,  N.  Y.] 
WEBSTER,  George  R.— A.  22,  Enr.  April   13,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  w. 

Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church ;  died  of  wounds  same  date,  as 

Geo.  P.  Webster;  name  transf.  Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  11,  '64; 

also  borne  as  John  P. 
WEBSTER,  George  W.— A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  w.  in 

ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Bull  Run,  Va. ;  disch.  for  wounds  Oct.  10,  '62,  at 

F'airfax  Seminary,  Va.     [P.  O.  Cortland,  N.  Y.] 
WEED,  Theodore  D.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  July  16,  '62,  at  Fort  Monroe,  Va.     [P.  O.  Mason  City,  Iowa, 

Box  309]. 
WEINSTEIN,  Peter.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  killed 

by  accident  May  12,  '63.  at  Falmouth,  Va. 
WEISE,  Merenius. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch.  May 

10,  '63  to  enlist  in  U.  S.  Cav. ;  also  borne  as  Weist. 
WEK,  Christian.— A.  32,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  E. ;  transf.  Co.  B. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  L  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
WELCHLEY,  John. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '62,  3  yrs.  unassigned;  transf. 

Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65- 
WELSH,  Charles  H.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  transf. 

Co.  G.  Oct.  25,  '62;  disch.  for  dis.  Jan.  15,  '63,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. — 

Sub.  serv. :  Enr.  Aug.  15,  '63,  Co.  C.  2  N.  Y.  Vet.  Cav.  3  yrs.;  died 

Oct.  20.  '63,  at  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Welch. 
WELSH,  Edward.— A.  19,  Enr.  March  31,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  k.  by  s.  s. 

June  19,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Walsh. 
WELTON,  William.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co. 

H.  Oct.  25,  '62;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
WENDELL,  Nelson  O.— A.  29,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Sgt. 

Aug.  4,  '62 ;  disch.  Sept.  6,  '62  for  prom.— Capt.  Co.  F.  121  N.  Y.  V. 

I.  Aug.  23,  '62 ;  k.  in  ac.  May  3,  '63,  Salem  Church,  Va. 
WERT,  Albert  W.— Enr.  Aug.  12,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  8, 

'64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64; 

M.  O.  May  30,  '65;  died  Oct.  11,  '67,  at  Jerusalem,  N.  Y. 
WESTCOTT,  Martin  R.— A.  25,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  H.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  S  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65;  Sgt.  Aug.  I,  '65;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65.     [P.  O.  Savona,  N.  Y.] 
WESSELS,  Abram.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac.  Sept. 

30,  '64,  Poplar  Springs  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  absent,  sick  at  M.  O.  of  Co.  June  3,  '65. 
WEST,  Peter.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  died  of  disease 

Jan.  24,  '62,  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
WESTFALL.  Carl.— A.  21,  Enr.  June  13,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  16,  '65. 


I'.RAUI'ORl)    R.    WOOD.    JR. 

Comnicncfd  his  military  service  as  a  nunihcr  of  Co.  A,  lotli  N.  Y. 
Mil.  at  Albany,  N.  Y.,  where  in  tlu-  spring  and  summer  of  1861  he 
served  in  the  Camp  Guard  at  the  Harracks  and  enlisted  in  the  44th 
N.  Y.  V.  I.,  Aug.  19,  1861. 

[For  official  record  see  Roster.  |  The  following  is  a  condensed 
statement  of  his  service  during  the  war.  Commissioned  as  ist 
Lieut.  44th  N.  Y.  V.  T.  he  was  detached  to  the  U.  S.  Signal  Corps, 
Jan.  9,  1862,  and  took  part  in  the  following  battles  and  engagements: 

While  in  the  Signal  Cor])s  with  the  armies  of  the  Tennessee,  Ohio, 
and  Cumberland  and  the  Mississippi  Flotila,  was  at  Shiloh,  Tenn.,  St. 
Charles,  Ark.,  on  (junboat  "Mound  City,"  Perryville,  Ky.,  Stone  River, 
Tenn.,  Chickamauga,  Ga.,  Chattanooga,  Tenn.  Rejoining  the  44th 
N.  Y.  in  the  Army  of  the  Potomac  he  served  at  the  Wilderness,  Va., 
Laurel  Mill,  where  he  was  captured  and  recaptured,  Spottsylvania, 
Cold  ITarbor,  Bethesda  Church,  Petersburg  assault  and  siege,  Weldon 
Railroad,  Poplar  Grove  Church.  .Mentioned,  for  gallantry  in  the  IJaltle 
of  Perryville,  Ky.,  by  Brig.-Cien.  Robert  D.  Mitchell  commanding  glh 
Div.  Army  of  the  Ohio,  and  in  Chickamauga  campaign  by  Maj. -Gen- 
eral Alexander  McCook,  connnanding  20th  Army  Corps,  Department 
of  the  Cumberland,  for  useful  and  cnicienl  service  during  the  entire 
campaign. 

Brevetted  Major  U.  S.  Vols.,  Marcli  1.3,  1865,  and  b'irst  Lieutenant 
and  Captain  U.  S.  A.  March  2,  1867.     Now  rfsidis  at  .Mliany,  N.  Y. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      465 

WESTFALL,  Wesley.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G.;  k.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. 
WHEATON,  Jerome. — A.  18,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  k.  in  ac. 

Nov.  7,  '63,  Rappahannock  Sta.,  Va. 
WHEELER,  John  H.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H.;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Cadillac,  Mich.] 
WHEELER,  John  W.— Muse,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  D. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  to  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  Aug.  4,  '65. 
WHEELER,  William  H. — A.  37,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M. 

O.  June  3,  '65 ;  died  March  14,  '03,  at  Norwich,  N.  Y.,  of  paralysis. 
WHEENER,  Ernest. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Jan.  27,  '63,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.     [P.  O.  Schenectady,  N.  Y., 

420  Rugby  Road] 
WHITBECK,  Richard  V.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  Corp. 

Sept.  23,  '61 ;  Sgt.  Feb.  8,  '63;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y. 
WHITE,  Elias. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Feb.  28,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. 
WHITE,  Henry. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  k.  in  ac.  Nov.  7,  '63,  Rappahannock  Sta., 
Va. ;  also  borne  as  Henry  C. 

WHITE,  James  W. — A.  21,  Enr.  May  10,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

Aug.  30,  '62,  Second  Bull  Run;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg, 

Pa.;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  D.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct. 

II,  '64 ;  Corp. ;  M.  O.  May  15,  '65.     [P.  O.  Walton,  N.  Y] ;  died . 

WHITE,  Jesse. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  A. 

Oct.  25,  '62 ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Dec.  9,  '62 ;  Corp.  May  25,  '63 ;  k.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
WHITE,  Osborn  H. — A.   18,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '64,  2  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  transf. 

Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June 

3,  '65,  while  absent  wounded;  M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65. 

WHITE,  Titus.— Private,  Co.  K.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  K.  this 

regt.  June  25,  '63 ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ;  transf. 

Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64; 

M.  O.  July  16,  '65.     [P.  O.  Yonkers,  N.  Y.,  93  Waverly  St.] 
WHITE,   William   Sidney. — A.   26,  Enr.   Sept.   30,   '61,  3  yrs.    Co.   I.; 

wounded  June  25,  '64,  Petersburg,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64, 

at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
WHITEHEAD,  William  C— Private,  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to 

Co.   G.   this   regt.   June  24,   '63;   no   record   after    Aug.    8,  '64,   at 

Petersburg,  Va. 
WHITEMAN,  George  H. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w. 

in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  li,  '64, 

at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
WHITENACK,  John  C— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  died 

of  fever  Oct.  8,  '63,  at  Culpepper  C.  H.,  Va. 


466       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

WHITING,  Alson  J.— A.  28,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  disch.  for 

dis.  May  25,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  also  borne  as  Anson  I. ;  died 

June  9,  1895. 
WHITLOCK,  George  H.— A.  26,  Enr.  Jan.  16,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  no 

record  after  March  3,  '63 ;  also  borne  as  Whitbeck. 
WHITLOCK,  John  P. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  i  yr.  unassig^ed;  transf. 

Co.  G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64,  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 
WICKWIRE,  Jonathan  W.— A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  8,   '61,  3  yrs.  Co.   A.; 

disch.  for  dis.  Feb.  20,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va.   [P.  O.  Akron,  N.  Y.] 
WIGG,  Henry  D. — A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  w.  in  ac.  July 

I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  G.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  Corp.  25. 

'62 ;  w.  in  ac.  July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  re-enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb. 

II,  '64;  w.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  B.  Sept. 
23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  C.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  transf.  Co.  E. 
5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65;  M.  O.  writh  Co.  Aug.  21,  '65,  at 
Hart's  Island,  N.  Y. 

WILBER,  Charles. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp.  Sept.  6, 

'61 ;  disch.  Feb.  7,  '63,  at  Alexandria,  Va. — Prior  serv. :  Private,  Co. 

B,  10  N.  Y.  Mil.,  June  and  July,  '61,  at  Albany  barracks.     [P.  O. 

Gloversville,  N.  Y.] 
WILBER,  David. — A.  29,  Enr.  Oct.  2,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  wagoner,  Feb., 

'64;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Homer, 

N.  Y.] 
WILBER.  Edwin.— Private,  Co.  F.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  I.  this 

regt.  June  24,  '63;  died  Feb.  5,  '64  by  suicide  while  at  home  on 

furlough,  at  Utica,  N.  Y. 
WILBER,  John  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  22,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  May  5,  '63,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
WILCOX,  Charles  F. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  18,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  det.  serv. 

in  Adjt.  Genl.'s  office,  Washington,  D.  C,  Aug.  2,  '64;  transf.  Co. 

G.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  i,  '65,  at  Washington, 

D.  C. 
WILCOX,  Frederick.— A.  16,  Enr.  Feb.  i,  '62,  Co.  H. ;  transf.   Co.  E. 

Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  Muse; 

M.  O.  Feb.  I,  '65. 
WILCOX,  James  E.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  M.  O.  with 

Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.     [P.  O.  Schuylerville,  N.  Y.] 
WILCOX,  John  H. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Jan. 

I,  '62 ;  transf.  Co.  H.  Oct.  26,  '62 ;  Sgt.  May  23,  '63 ;  Regtl.  Commis- 
sary Sgt.  May  I,  '64;  M.  O.  with  regt.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ; 

Com'd  2nd  Lieut.  Sept.  16,  '64;  not  mustered.  [P.  O.  Buffalo,  N.  Y., 

29  Buffum  St.] 
WILCOX,  Samuel  B. — A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  9,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  transf. 

Co.  B.  Sept.  28,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Sept.  10,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa. 
WILD  AY,  Thomas. — A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  k.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      467 

WILDER,  Frank  A.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Corp.  Jan. 

25,  '63;  transf.  Co.  D.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  6,  '64;  disch.  for  dis. 

Nov.  16,  '64,  at  City  Point,  Va. ;  died . 

WILKINS,  Edward. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  Oct.  26,  '62;  disch.  Sept.  16,  '62,  near  Smithfield,  Va.     [P.  O. 

Natl.  Soldiers'  Home,  Milwaukee,  Wis.] 
WILLARD,  John  P.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  24,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  Sgt.  Sept. 

25,  '61 ;  disch.  Oct.  i,  '61  for  prom. — ist  Lieut.  Co.  C.  18  N.  Y.  V. 
Cav.  Aug.  18,  '63;  dismissed  Nov.  i,  '64,  by  special  order,  No.  296, 
Hdqrs.  Dept.  of  the  Gulf.     [P.  O.  Gregory,  Mich.] 

WILLARD,  William  W.— A.  17,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  K.;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  12,  '63,  at  Stoneman's  Switch,  Va.     [P.  O.  Gregory, 

Mich.] 
WILLETT,  Consider  H. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Sgt. 

Sept.  25,  '62;  disch.  Oct.  5,  '63  for  prom. — Capt.  2  U.  S.  Col.  Inf. 

;  resigned,  Sept.  12,  '65.     [P.  O.  Chicago,  111.,  418  E.  48th 

St.] 
WILLIAMS,  Alfred. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.   10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch. 

for  dis.  April  9,  '62,  at  Georgetown,  D.  C.     [P.  O.  Poughkeepsie, 

N.  Y.] 
WILLIAMS,  Andrew  J.— Private,  Co.  K.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  un- 

assigned  to  this  regt.  June  19,  '63;  transf.  Co.  K.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I. 

Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65.     [P.  O.  Toledo,  Ohio,  1219  Idaho 

St.] 
WILLIAMS,  George  T. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  k.  in 

ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. 
WILLIAMS,  Hallock  B.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  re- 
enlisted  as  a  vet.  Feb.  10,  '64 ;  transf.  Co.  I.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10, 

'64;  M.  O.  Sept.  8,  '65,  at  Elmira,  N.  Y. ;  died  July  19,  1901. 
WILLIAMS,  Hosea  C— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  13,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  disch, 

for  dis.  Jan.  27,  '62,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va.     [P.  O.  Cooperstown,  N.  Y., 

14  Walnut  St.] 
WILLIAMS,  Hugh  R.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co. 

H.  this  regt.  June  24,  '63 ;  no  record  after  July  3,  '64. 
WILLIAMS,  John  A. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  2.  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 

Sept.  30,  '64,  Poplar  Grove  Church,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V. 

I.  Oct.  ID,  '64;  k.  in  ac.  March  31,  '65,  White  Oak  Ridge,  Va. 
WILLIAMS,  John  P. — A.  26,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  transf. 

Co.  K.  Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  146 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  at  camp,  near  Alexandria, 

Va. ;  died  Jan.  i,  '07,  at  Natl.  Soldiers'  Home,  Leavenworth,  Kan. 
WILLIAMS,  John  P.— Private  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co. 

E.  this  regt.  June  28,  '63;  M.  O.  Oct.  7,  '64,  near  Petersburg,  Va. 

[P.  O.  Parsons,  Kan.] 
WILLIAMS,  Oscar. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  disch.  Oct. 

26,  '62  for  prom. — Capt.  Co.  G.  137  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Aug.  27,  '62;  k.  in 
ac.  July  3,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 


468       44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

WILLIAMS,  Robert.— Private,  Co.  B.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I. ;  transf.  to  Co.  A. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  to  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  26,  '63. 
WILLIAMS,  William  J.— A.  29,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.;  no 

record  after  Sept.,  '61. 
WILQUET,  Michael.— A.  26,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  B.;  transf. 

Co.  E.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64. 
WILSEY,  Henry  D. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  disch.  for 

dis.  Oct.  5,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
WILSON,  Albert  C. — A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  Sept.  17,  '62,  Antietam, 

Md. ;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  July  i,  '63. 
WILSON,  Daniel  J.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  11,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D.;  Muse. 

Sept.  13,  '61 ;  M.  O.  Jan.  6,  '65,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as 

Willson.     [P.  O.  Jackson,  Mich.] 
WILSON,  Henry.— A.  32,  Enr.  March  5,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  transf.  to 

U.  S.  Navy  May  3,  '64. 
WILSON,  Harvey  L. — A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Sept.  i,  '62,  at  Phila- 
delphia, Pa.;  also  borne  as  Henry  L. ;  died  Oct.  11,  '85,  at  Ohio 

Natl.  Mil.  Home. 
WILSON,  James. — A.  22,  Enr.  Feb.  23,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  no  record 

after  March  5,  '64. 
WILSON,  John. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  unassigned;  transf.  Co.  I. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  May 

31,  '65;  absent  without  leave  since  June  22,  '65;  no  further  record. 
WILSON,  Mathew.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  A. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  w.  in  ac.  June  i,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ; 

transf.  Co.  C.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  B.  140  N,  Y.  V,  I.  Oct. 

II,  '64,  while  absent  sick;  no  further  record.     [P.  O.  Utica,  N.  Y.] 
WILSON,  Nathan  A. — A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  20.  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  died  of 

disease  Nov.  21,  '61,  at  Kalorama  Hosp.,  Washington,  D.  C. 
WING,  George  W. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  6,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  C. ;  Corp.  Dec. 

24,  '62;  w.  in  ac.  June  i,  '64,  Cold  Harbor,  Va. ;  transf.  Co.  D.  140 

N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  5  N.  Y.  Vet.  Inf.  June  3,  '65; 

M.  O.  Aug.  21,  '65.     [P.  O.  Petosky,  Mich.] 
WINSLOW,   Charles. — A.    18,   Enr.    Sept.    2,   '64,   3   yrs.   unassigned; 

transf.  Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.   I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  died  of  disease  Nov. 

17,  '64,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 
WINSTON,  John.— Private  Co.  K.  25  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  K. 

this  regt.  June  25,  '63;  transf.   Co.   B.  June  29,  '63;  M.  O.  Dec. 

5,  '65,  at  Elmira,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  Weinstein. 
WINSTON,  John  A.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64,  as  John  Winston;  no  further  record. 
WINTERS,  Bethuel  R.— A.  19,  Enr.  Sept.  23,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  K. ;  transf. 

Vet.   Res.   Corps  July  22,  '63. 
WISAL,  Isaiah. — A.  44,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  F. 

140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65,  near  Alexandria,  Va. 


44th  new  YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      469 

WISEMAN,  William. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  transf. 

Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  no  further  record. 
WOLCOTT,  George  B. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  k.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. 
WOLVEN,  Godfrey.— A.  20,  Enr.  Sept.  4,  '61,  Co.  E.;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.  26,  '62;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Sept.  18,  '63;  also  borne  as 

Woolven.     [P.  O.  Clintondale,  N.  Y.] 
WOOD,  Bradford  R.,  Jr.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  ist 

Lieut.  Aug.  30,  '61 ;  det.  U.  S.  Signal  Corps  Jan.  9,  '62,  until  Jan.  20, 

'64;  Capt.  Feb.  7,  '64;  cap.  in  ac.  May  8,  '64,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. ;  re- 
cap. May  9,  '64,  Beaver  Dam  Sta.,  Va. ;  commanded  44th  N.  Y.  V. 

Battalion   Sept.  24,  '64,   until  Oct.   13,   '64,  when  honorably  mus- 
tered out;  Brevet  Maj.  U.  S.  Vols.  March  13,  '65,  for  gall,  and  meri. 

services  during  the  war. — Sub.  serv.,  2nd  Lieut.  22  Inf.  U.   S.  A. 

July  28.  '66;  Brevet  ist  Lieut,  and  Capt.  U.  S.  A.  March  2,  '67,  for 

gall,  and  meri.  serv.  in  battles  of  Spottsylvania  and  Poplar  Grove 

Church,  Va. ;  resigned  Jan.  i,  '68. — Prior  serv.  Private  Co.  A.  10  N. 

Y.  Mil.,  guard  duty.  May,  June  and  July,  1861,  at  Albany  Barracks. 

[P.  O.  121  Lancaster  St.,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 
WOOD,  Daniel  R.— A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  died  of 

fever  Oct.  i,  '62,  at  Perrysburg,  N.  Y. 
WOOD,  Harrison. — A.  21,  Enr.  Aug.  28,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  Wagoner 

Sept.  25,  '62;  transf.  Co.  E.  140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  11,  '64;  M.  O.  June 

3,  '65.     [P.  O.  Geneva,  O.] 
WOOD,  Henry. — A.  33,  Enr.  Oct.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ;  w.  in  ac.  June 

27,  '62,  Gaines  Mills,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ; 

transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  April  28,  '64. 
WOOD,  Hiram. — A.  25,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  D. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Sept.  10,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.     [P.  O.  Ausable  Forks,  N.  Y.] ; 

died . 

WOOD,  John. — A.  28,  Enr.  Aug.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac.  May 

27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Albany, 

N.  Y 
WOOD,  Perry. — A.  20,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Feb.  26,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. 
WOOD,  Willard  F.— A.  18,  Enr.  Oct.  5,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  I.;  no  further 

record. 
WOODBRIDGE,  William  H.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  30,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ; 

Corp.  same  date;  died  of  disease  March   10,  '62,  at  Washington, 

D.  C. 
WOODIN,  William  H. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  i,  '62. — Sub. 

serv.  in  2nd  Batt.  N.  Y.  V.  Sharpshooters;  died  Jan.  11,  1903,  at 

his  home  Oneonta,   N.   Y. 
WOODS,  David. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  29,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 

May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va.;  M.  O.  Oct.  11,  '64,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.; 

also  borne  as  David  W.  Woods. 


470       44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY 

WOODS,  William.— A.  19,  Enr.  Aug.  19,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  w.  in  ac. 
July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  w.  in  ac.  Aug.  30,  '62,  Second  Bull 
Run,  Va. ;  k.  in  ac.  Nov.  7,  '63,  Rappahannock  Sta.,  Va. 

WOODWARD,  Samuel  A.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  B. ; 
disch.  for  dis.  May  3,  '62,  at  Philadelphia,  Pa.     [F.  O.  Burton,  Kan.] 

WOODWORTH,  Charles  A.— A.  22,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.; 
1st  Lieut.  Co.  H.  Sept.  20,  '61 ;  det.  recruiting  serv.  Jan.  until  March, 
'62 ;  w.  and  cap.  in  ac.  July  i,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  in  Libby 
Prison,  Richmond,  Va.,  until  July  18,  '62 ;  exchanged ;  Capt.  Co.  K. 
Oct.  9,  '62;  disch.  for  wounds  Jan.  11,  '63,  at  Falmouth,  Va. ;  ist 
Lieut,  commanding  131  Co.  V.  R.  C.  Feb.  3,  '64,  to  June  30,  '65;  Col. 
97  Reg.  Mo.  V.  I.  and  A.  Asst.  Insp.  Gen.  (in  active  service)  1866- 
7-8.     [P.  O.  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  71  Richlawn  Avenue.] 

WOODWORTH,  James  R.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E.; 
Corp.  Dec.  8,  '63;  k.  in  ac.  May  8,  '63,  Laurel  Hill,  Va. 

WOODWORTH,  Judson  Newell.— A.  18,  Enr.  Feb.  24,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co. 
H. ;  1st  Sgt.  Jan.  2,  '63;  transf.  Co.  K.  Jan.  4,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A. 
Sept.  21,  '64;  transf.  Co.  I.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  10,  '64;  com'd.  2nd 
Lieut.  June  27,  '64,  not  mustered;  M.  O.  Nov.  21,  '64,  as  super- 
numerary ist  Sgt.  at  Weldon  R.  R.,  Va.  [P.  O.  Brooklyn,  N.  Y., 
1033  Broadway.] 

WORDEN,  Benjamin  P.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  M.  O. 
with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y.  [P.  O.  Natl.  Mil.  Home, 
Kan.,  Co.  H.  Ward  7] 

WORDEN,  George  H.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  20,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch. 
for  dis.  Oct.  8,  '61,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 

WORDEN,  William  B.— A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  2,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  A. ;  transf. 
Co.  G.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 

WORTHLEY,  Daniel.— A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  15,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  H. ;  Sgt. 
Sept.  20,  '61 ;  disch.  for  dis.  Dec.  28,  '61,  at  Hall's  Hill,  Va. — Sub. 
serv.  Private  Co.  H.  nth  111.  V.  I.,  Enr.  Sept.  28,  '64;  served  10 
months  and  M.  O.  at  close  of  war;  died  Oct.  13,  1909,  at  Pontiac, 
111. 

WRENN,  John.— A.  32,  Enr.  Aug.  31,  '64,  i  yr.  Co.  C. ;  transf.  Co.  F. 
140  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  June  3,  '65. 

WRIGHT,  Sylvester  F.— A.  33,  Enr.  Sept.  16,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  disch. 
for  dis.  Oct.  28,  '62,  at  Providence,  R.  I.  [P.  O.  Duanesburgh, 
N.  Y.] 

WYGANT,  Henry  C— A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.  18,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F.;  Corp.  Jan. 
I,  '63;  transf.  Co.  A.  Sept.  23,  '64;  transf.  Co.  F.  146  N.  Y.  V.  I. 
Oct.  II,  '64;  M.  O.  Oct.  18,  '64,  at  Weldon  R.  R.,  Va.  [P.  O. 
339  Clinton  Ave.,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 

YAGER,  John  H.— A.  34,  Enr.  Aug.  26,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  disch.  for 
dis.  March  5,  '63,  at  Washington,  D.  C. 

YAKELEY,  Emanuel.— A.  31,  Enr.  Aug.  14,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  E. ;  detached 
for  guard  duty  at  Div.  Hdqrs.  and  as  Brigade  Saddler;  det.  Aug. 
15,  '64,  to  1st  Div.  Batt.  of  Sharpshooters;  transf.  Co.  H.  140  N.  Y. 


44th  new   YORK  VOLUNTEER  INFANTRY      471 

V.  I.  Oct.   II,  '64;   M.  O.   May  4,   '65,  at  Arlington  Heights,  Va. 

[P.  O.  Crawford,  Neb.] 
YATES,  Jerome. — A.  22,  Enr.  Sept.  25,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  G. ;  ist  Sgt.  Sept. 

25,  '61 ;  ret.  to  ranks  Dec.  29,  '62 ;  transf.  Vet.  Res.  Corps  Oct.  5,  '63. 

[P.  O.  Highland,  Ulster  Co.,  N.  Y.] 
YATES,  Thomas. — A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  16,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  A.;  disch.  for 

dis.  Nov.  29,  '62,  at  Baltimore,  Md. ;  also  borne  as  Yale. 
YOUNG,  Floyd  D.— A.  19,  Enr.  Oct.   i,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  C;  w.  in  ac. 

May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va. ;  died  of  wounds  June  5,  '62,  at 

Gaines  House,  Va. ;  also  borne  as  Floyd  T. 
YOUNG,  James.— A.  23,  Enr.  Sept.  3,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  Corp.  Sept. 

6,  '61 ;  k.  in  ac.  May  27,  '62,  Hanover  C.  H.,  Va.;  Brevet  Capt.  by  the 

Governor  of  New  York  March  10,  '66. 
YOUNG,  James  B.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.;  transf.  to  Co.  B. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;   disch.  July  16,  '63,  at  Island  Hall  Hosp., 

Washington,  D.  C. ;  also  borne  on  rolls  of  Co.  I.  and  C. 
YOUNG,  Samuel  C. — A.  20,  Enr.  Aug.  12,  '62,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  w.  in  ac. 

July  I,  '62,  Malvern  Hill,  Va. ;  M.  O.  Aug.  13,  '63. 
YOUNG,  William.— Private  Co.  G.  14  N.  Y.  V.  I.  ;  transf.  to  Co.  H. 

this  regt.  June  24,  '63;  transf.  Co.  D.  91  N.  Y.  V.  I.  Jan.  20,  '65; 

M.  O.  with  detachment  June  10,  '65,  near  Washington,  D.  C. 
YOUNGS,  Loren. — A.  21,   Enr.  Oct.   i,  '61,  3  yrs.   Co.  K. ;  no  record 

after  Oct.,  '61. 
ZACKER,  John. — A.  33,  Enr.  Aug.  30,  '64,  3  yrs.  Co.  A. ;  transf.  Co.  F. 

146  N.   Y.   V.   I.   Oct.  8,  '64;  M.  O.  July  16,  '65;  also  borne  as 

Zacher. 
ZEH,   David. — A.  21,  Enr.  Sept.  21,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  disch.  for  dis. 

Oct.  3,  '62,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. ;  also  borne  as  David  Zeh,  Jr.     [P.  O. 

206  Second  St.,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 
ZEH,  Hiram. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  10,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  transf.  Co.  G. 

Oct.   8,   '61 ;    no    record   after   Oct.,   '62. 
ZEILMAN,  Charles  H.— A.  24,  Enr.  Aug.  8,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  1st  Sgt. 

same  date;  2nd  Lieut.  July  25,  '62;  1st  Lieut.  Dec.  25,  '62;  w.  in  ac. 

July  2,  '63,  Gettysburg,  Pa. ;  w.  in  ac.  May  5,  '64,  Wilderness,  Va. ; 

M.  O.  with  Co.  Oct.  II,  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. — Prior  serv.     Private 

Co.  B.   10  N.  Y.  Mil.,  June  to  August,  1861,  at  Albany  Barracks. 

[P.  O.  520  Clinton  Ave.,  Albany,  N.  Y.] 
ZEILMAN,  George  W.— A.  24,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  M.  O. 

with  Co.  Oct.  II.  '64,  at  Albany,  N.  Y. 
ZELLER,  Ernest. — A.  33,  Enr.   Sept.   14,  '61,  3  yrs.;   Muse,  in  band; 

M.  O.  July  ID,  '62,  at  Harrison's  Landing.  Va. 
ZIELIE,  Smith. — A.  18,  Enr.  Sept.  17,  '61,  3  yrs.  Co.  F. ;  w.  in  ac.  and 

cap.  Dec.  13,  '62,  at  Fredericksburg,  Va. ;  paroled ;  absent  wounded 

at  Point  Lookout,  Md.,  at  muster  out  of  Co.  Oct.  il,  '64. 


\ 


CHARLES  ADDISON  WUODWORTH. 

Born  November  13.  1838,  in  Fenner.  Madison  County,  N.  Y. 
From  1845  to  i86r  lived  at  Yorkshire,  Cattaraugus  Co..  N.  Y.  Pre- 
pared for  college  at  F"rcdonia  an.d  Middlehury  Academies.  Taught  school 
1  ear  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  1858  and  near  Lexington.  Ky..  1859.  Joined 
Capt.  Chapin's  Company.  Buffalo,  Aug.  7,  1861.  With  Comrades  Nash 
and  Grannis  organized  Co.  PL  Sept.  17,  1861.  h'irst  Lieutenant.  Sept. 
20,  1861.  On  recruiting  service  from  January  to  March  1862.  Rejoined 
regiment  at  Yorktown,  participated  in  the  Siege  of  Yorktown.  Hanover 
Court  House.  Gaines  Mills  and  Malvern  Hill.  While  leading  Com- 
pany A  in  a  charge  at  Malvern  Hill  was  wounded  in  ihe  e\es  and 
left  for  dead  on  the  field ;  after  regaining  consciousness  was  found  by 
comrades  who  laid  him  in  a  barn.  After  five  days  was  taken  to 
Libby  Prison  where  he  remained  until  July  18.  1862.  when  he  was 
paroled  and  sent  to  New  York.  Rejoined  the  regiment  as  Captain  of 
Company  K.  Jan.  1.  1863:  unable  to  continue  in  active  service  he 
resigned   and  waN  discharged   for  disability,  Jan.    11.    1863. 

Served  in  the  Vet.  Res.  Corps  until  June  30.   1865. 

Assistant  Inspector  General  and  Colonel  of  the  97lh  Missouri  for 
the  pacification  of  St.  Francois  Co.  in   1866  to  1868. 

In  mercantile  business  until  he  entered  the  ministrv  in  1878;  a 
member  of  the  Genesee  Conference  and  at  jiresent  (i()io)  i)ast(M-  of 
Kensington    Methodist    I-".])isco])al    Church.    I'nlTalo.    .\     ^'. 


,  tilj^en  foundations 


LIST   OF   PORTRAITS. 


Adams,  Edgar 
BissELL,  Elias  L.    . 
BissELL,  Mrs.  Lora  Hudson 
Blair,  Charles  Hartson 
Bourne,  William  R. 
Chapin,  Edward  P. 
Conner,  Freeman  . 
Danks,  William  N. 
Densmore  Ransford  Harrison 
DouGALL,  James  S. 
Dunham,  Eugene  L. 
Ferguson,  Joseph  . 
Ferrand,  Loins  G. 
GiBBS,  Charles  Warren 
Granots,  Charles  D. 
Gregg,  Adgate  T.  . 
Herenden,  George  Bowen 
Hills,  Fred  D. 
Hitchcock,  James  B. 
HoBART,  George  W. 
Hooker,  Hull  M.  . 
Hooker,  Leroy  J.  . 
Husted,  Albert  N. 
Johnson,  John  C.    . 
Johnson,  Seth  F.    . 
Johnson,  Wm.  Wallace  . 
Jones,  Watkin  Christmas 
Jones,  William  W. 
Kelley,  Frank  M. 
Kelley,  Harrison  . 
Kelly,  James  H. 
KiDD,  William 
Kimball,  Andrew  Jackson 
KiMBERLY,  Benjamin  K. 
Kinney,  Edward  A. 
Knox,  Edward  B.   . 
Larrabee,  Lucius  Sherman 
Lawless,  Isaac  T.  . 
Lewis,  Enoch  J. 
LoNGWELL,  William  H. 
McCoRMicK,  Samuel 


facing  page 


24 
24 
32 
36 
40 
44 
48 
56 
64 
72 
80 


92 
96 
104 
112 
120 
128 
136 
136 
144 
152 
160 
164 
168 
172 
176 
184 
192 
200 
208 
216 
224 
228 
232 
236 
240 
248 
256 


473 


474 


LIST  OF  PORTRAITS 


Meade,  Elnathan 
Merch.\nt,  Edgar  A. 
Miller,  William  H. 
MxjNDY,  Fred  R. 
Munger,  Bennett  . 
MuNGER,  Orett  Lyman 
Nash,  Eugene  Arus 
Olmsted,  Hlrah  F. 
Powell,  Samuel  J. 
Rice,  James  Clay   . 
Roberts,  Azum 
Shaw,  McKendree 
Shipley,  Robert  F. 
Smith,  William 
Spaulding,  Harlan  P. 
Spr-'\gue,  Charles  E. 
Spry,  George  H. 
Sturdevant,  Oliver  W. 
Teeling,  Rueus  a. 
Thomas,  Benjamin  N. 
TowNSEND,  Morris  W. 
Wagoner,  M.  V.  B. 
Warner,  Rodolphus  Gilbert 
Weber,  Corp.  John  B. 
Weber,  Col.  John  B. 
WiLLETT,  Consider  Heath 
Wood,  Jr.,  Bradford  R. 

WOODWORTH,  CH-ARLES   AdDISON 


264 
272 
280 
288 
296 
304 
312 
320 
328 
336 
344 
352 
360 
368 
376 
384 
392 
400 
408 
416 
424 
432 
440 
448 
448 
456 
464 
472 


ILLUSTRATIONS. 


(Gettysburg  Monument  . 
Forty-fourth  N.  Y.  Battle-Flag  . 
Front  View  of  Camp,  Alexandria       ■\ 
Rear  View  of  Camp,  Alexandria  ( 

Arch  in  Front  of  Camp,  Alexandria  i 
Group  —  Alexandria,  .April,  1864         ' 
Group  —  Alb.any,  Oct.,  1864  . 
Group  —  Alb.any,  1886    . 
Group  —  Cascade  Park,  Bltfalo,  1905 


Frontispiece 
facing  p.     122 


between  pp.     178-179 


217 
351 
3Si 


MAPS. 

Gaines'  Mills  Battle-Feeld  .         .         .         .         .         .         .81 

Malvern  Hill  Battle-Field  .......       87 

Antietam  Battle-Field  ........     103 

Gettysburg  Battle-Field       . 143 


INDEX 


Adams,   Rev.   Wm.,   224 

Adjutant's  Story,  250 

Adsit,  Allen  C,  30,   163 

Adsit,   Henry   H.,   VII 

Ainsworth,  Capt.,  15,  zi 

Albany  Burgess  Corps,  20 

Albany  Evening  Journal,  7,  128, 
316,   318,  319,   320,  343 

Albany  Morning  Express,  216, 
218,  338,  340 

Albany  Zouave  Cadets,  15,  25,  "Z"] 

Aldie,  Va.  (see  Upperville)  Bat- 
tle.  136,  137;   Reference,  324 

Alexander,  General  E.  P.,  C.  S. 
A.,  113,  301 

Allen  Capt.  Campbell,  22,  29,  178, 
192,   196,   197,  219,  260,  290,  315 

Allen,  Capt.   George  D.,  47 

Allen,  George  P.,  22 

Alvord,  Rev.,  119 

Ames,  Col.  Adelbert,  103 

Amsdell,  Alderman,  Albany,  N. 
Y.,  217 

Anderson,  General  R.  H.,  C.  S. 
A.,  247 

Andersonville,  Ga.,  254 

Angus,  Walter,  88,  254 

Anthes,  Jacob  W.,  22,  315,  319 

Antietam,  Battle,  103  to  107;  Ref- 
erences, 100,  128,  130,  159,  223, 
274,  281,  297,  299,  326 

Appeal  to  the  people  of  New 
York.  127 

Appomattox,  VII,  113,  156,  243, 
244,  245,  246,  247,  296,  301 

Auchmuty,  Col.   R.   T.,  A.   A.   G., 

49,  319 
Augur,  Maj.  Gen.  C.  C,  .'42 
Averill,  Col.  W.  W.,  47,  60 
Ayres,  Gen.  Romeyn  B.,  204,  210 


B 


Babcock,    Brig.    Gen.    Orville    E., 

296 
Baker,  Geo.  E.,  350 
Bancroft,    Alderman,    Albany,    N. 

Y.,  217 


Banks,  Gen.  N.  P.,  97 

Barnes,  Col.  James,  47,   136,   143, 

157 
Barnes,  Hon.  Wm.,  Sr.,  350 
Barnes,   Mrs.    Wm.,    Sr.,   30,   343, 

349,  350 
Barnum,   P.  T.,  334 
Barnum,  Maj.  Henry  A.,  90 
Barrick,  Thompson,  321 
Bartlett,  Gen.  Joseph  J.,   173,  183, 

187,  188,  192,  204.  244,  247,  251, 

286,  340 
Battles,  List  of,  242 
Beal,   C.   H.,  255 

Bealeton,  Station,  96,  07.  163,  334 
Beaver  Dam  Station,  190,  257,  288 
Becker,    Christopher    R.,    23,    29, 

82,  84,  130,  315 
Beeman,  Elam  C,  22 
Belcher,  Albert  C,  312 
Bennett,  Lieut.  Edward,   189,   195, 

207,  208,  210,  211,  213,  254,  259, 

287,  290,  292 
Bennett,  Edward,  193 
Bennett,  Ferd.,  25.^.  324 
Bentley,   Doctor,   269 

Bethesda  Church,  Battle,  187  to 
196;  References,  197,  199,  285, 
290 

"Bill"  the  Chef.  205 

Birney,    Gen.   David    B.,   212 

Bissell,  Elias  L.,   19,  21,  315 

Black,  Col.  S.  W.,  47 

Blair,  C.  H.,  56,  75 

Blakeley,  Jas.  O.,  108 

Blasdell,  Heman  G.,  88 

Blenker,  Gen.  Louis,  64 

Bliss,  Corp.   M.  H.,  254,  332,  ZZZ 

Blue  Ridge   (Mts.)    Va.,  109,   137, 

334 
Botchford,  Henry  J.,  23,  208,  219 
Botsford,  Col.,  264 
Bourne,  Wm.  R..  VII,  23,  98,  99, 

109,   117,   147,   154,  166,  319,  349 
Boyd,  Geo.  S.,  23 
Boynton.  W.  W.,  188 
Brady   (Photographer),   122,   181 
Branch,  Gen.  Lawrence  O'B.,  C.  S. 

A.,  74,  75.  I^,  316 
Brehl,   Henry,  324 
Brennan,  Tom.    (Tammany),  281 


475 


476 


INDEX 


Brickest,  Leonard,  295 

Brigade  Bugle  Call,  54,  277,  282 

Brigham,  Henry  A.,  8,  9,  10 

Bringhurst,   George,  328 

Bristoe  Station,  Va.,  167,  168,  170, 

324 
Broatch,  Wm.,  A.   A.   A.   G.,  213 
Brock     (Surgeon  C.   S.  A.),  269, 

270,  272,  273 
Brown,  John    (Osawatomie),   109, 

262 
Brown,  O.   C.,  295 
Buchanan,  Bvt.    Maj.   Gen.   Robt. 

C.,  117 
Buchanan,  Robert  F.,  15 
Buck,  Halsey  D.,  88 
Buffalo     Commercial     Advertiser, 

22,7 
Buffalo   Morning   Express,   324 
Buford,   Gen.   John,   142,    143 
Bull     Run      (First    Battle)  ;     Re- 
ferred to,  20,  22,  31,  63,  98,  136, 
167,  i6q,  223,  304 
Bull    Run     (Second^  •    Battle    of, 
98,  99,  100,  loi ;  References,  95, 
102,  118,  128,  168,  169,  293 
Burdick,  Henry  D.,  22,  315 
Burnett,  James  H.,  88 
Burnham,  Ashbell  W.,  23 
Burns,  Martin,  22 
Burns,  Robt.   C,  324 
Burnside,   Gen.   Ambrose  E.,    105, 
106,  no,  III,  122,  124,  I2S,  199, 
204,  205,  229,  297,  299,  328 
Burroughs,  Sidney  W.,  286 
Bush,  Lieut.  Arch.,  223,  224 
Butler,  Gen.  Benj.  F.,  259 
Butterfield,  Gen.  Daniel,  46,  47,  48, 
50,  53,  54,  72,  75,  83,  84,  86,  92, 
93,  98,  99,  100,  loi,  III,  117,  128, 
130,  140,  277,  312,  320 


Caledonia  Guards,  2,7 

Cameron,  Simon,  Sec.  of  War,  55, 

64 
Campbell,  Frank,  23,  88 
Captain's    Story,  262 
Carey,  Sherwood  F.,  22 
Carr,  Jefferson  W.,  330 
Case,  James  B.,  88 
Cass,   Col.   Thomas    (9th.   Mass.), 

47 
Casualties  in  Battle,  233  to  241 
Cavalry  Raid  (Sheridan),  257,  258 
Cemetery  Hill-Gettysburg,  142,  148, 

299,  301 


Centerville,   Va.,   60,   61,   98,    loi, 

168,  169,  313,  324 
Chamberlain,    Maj.    Gen.    Joshua 

L.,  Vn,  VHI,  IX,  103,  146,  148, 

155,  156,  157,  162,  164,  168,  169, 
183,  201,  243,  285 

Chancellorsville,    Va.,    Battle    of, 
132,    133,    134;    References,    135, 
261,  282,  298,  299,  301,  339 
Chandler,  Samuel  W.,  76,  311,  318 
Chapin,  Brig.  Gen.  Edward  P.,  21, 
130,  264,  314.  315,  319,  341,  342 
Chapin,  Mrs.    Elizabeth,   341 
Chapin,  Rev.  Ephraim,  341 
Chapin,  Deacon  Samuel,  341 
Chappell,  Charles,  311,  312 
Cheeseman,  Sherwood,  325 
Chicago  Historical    Society,  3 
Chicago  Zouave  Cadets,  5 
Christian  Association,  306 
Christian  Commission,  119,  266 
Christmas  Day  Festivities,  56 
Church,  Col.  225 
Claghorn,  James  A.,  68 
Claus,  David,  287,  290 
Coates,  Brig.  Gen.  E.  M.,  5 
Cold  Harbor,  Va.,  Battle  of,  199, 

200;  References,  80,  290 
Cole,  Edward  L.    (Troy,  N.  Y.), 

6  (note) 
Cole,  Myron  H.,  22,  29,  315 
Color  Bearers,  y^.  76,  122,  321 
Colored  Troops   (U.  S.),  261,  341 
Comstock,  Joel  T.,  255 
Confederates   fed  by  Uncle   Sam, 

24s 
Confederate  Surgeon,  293,  294 
Conger,  Geo.  D.,  325 
Conner,    Freeman,    5,    22,    70,    88, 

91,   100,   102,  115,  130,   135,   137, 

156,  163,  166,  183,  187,  189,  197, 
206,  207,  208,  215,  219,  250,  251, 
260,  287,  288.  292,  315,  319 

Cook,  Elisha  A.,  22 

Cook,  Hon.  James  M.  (Albany), 
8,  9,   10 

Corning,  Mrs.  Erastus,  37,  38,  39, 
122 

Corning,  Hon.  Erastus,  8,  9,  10, 
13,  30,  37,  39,  219,  343 

Corps  Badges,  131 

Crittenden,  Conductor,  264 

Crawford,  Harvey,  287 

Crounce,  N.  Y.  Times  Corre- 
spondent, 170 

Cunningham,  Lieut.  C.  S.  A.,  255, 
256_ 

Cunningham,  Wm.,  262 

Cunningham,  Wm.  G.,  324 

Cushman,    Paul    (Albany),    217 


INDEX 


477 


Custer,  Gen.  Geo.  A.,  257,  26 
Custis,  Martha,  ^2 
Cutler,  Gen.  Lysancler,  204 
Cuyler,  J.  C.    (Albany),  217 


D 

Damms,  James,  88 

Danks,   William   N.,    23,   88,    166, 

178,  208,  219,  291,  315 
Darling,  Leonard  D.,  89,  169 
Darling,  Robt.  B.,  291 
Davies,  Gen.  H.  E.,  Jr.,  289 
Davis,  Jefferson    (C.  S.  A.),  86 
Dawson,  George  S.,   19 
Day,  William,  324 
Delaware    (3rd)    Third    Infantry, 

290 
DeLong,  S.,  255 
Dempsey,  Thomas,    108 
Dickson,  Henry,  329 
Dix,  Maj.  Gen.  John  A.,  224 
Dodds,  (^apt.  (Caledonia  Guards), 

yj 

Doubleday,  Gen.   Abner,   142 
Dougall,  James  S.,  41,  294 
Douglas,    Eugene,    275,    276,    277, 

280,  281 
Duff,  James,  88 
Dunham,  A.,   295 
Dunham,  Eugene  L.,  22,  88,    147, 

295,  349 
Duryea  Zouaves,  293 
Dye,  Stephen  P.,  265 


Easterbrooks,  Edward,  22 
Eldred,  Moses  S.,  286 
Elliott,  Maj.  R.  T.,  183 
Ellsworth,  Mr.    (Father   Col.  E.), 

309 
Ellsworth,  Col.  Elmer  E.,  i,  2,  3, 

4,  5,  6,  7,  8,   10,  18,  20,  25,  41, 

42,  304,  309 
Ellsworth  Glee  Club,  304 
Ellsworth  Monument      (Mechan- 

icsville),  6 
Ellsworth  U.    S.    Zouave    Cadets 

(see      United      States      Zouave 

Cadets) 
Ellsworth  Association,  7,  8,  9,  10, 

II,  12,  13,  19,  20,  28,  29,  2>^,  34, 

40 
Emery,  Gen.,  "jz 
Evans,  Gideon,  330 
Ewing,  Perry,  217 
Execution  of  Deserters,   165,   166, 

335 


Fairfax,   Major,    137 

Fair  Oaks  (Seven  Pines),  ^T,  78 

"Faithful  Jim,"  94 

Farnham,  Lieut.  Col.,  305 

Fearn,    Asst.    Surg.    Herbert,    164, 

178 
Fergus,  Geo.  H.,  5  (U.  S.  Z.  C.) 
Ferguson,  Joseph,  88 
Ferrand,  Lewis  G.,  324 
Ferris,  David  F.,  152,  153 
Ferris,  Lanson  S.,  88 
First  Prisoner  Captured,  56 
Fisher,    Col.     (Penna.    Reserves), 

148 
Fisher,  Harmon,  68 
Flag  of  the  44th.,  38,  122,  123 
Forty-Fourth   Battalion,    207,  208, 

209,  210,  211,  212,  213,  214,  261 
Fox,    Jacob,  21,  130,  189,  288,  292 
Fox,  Lieut.  Col.  Wm.  F.,  2>}) 
Franklin,  Gen.  W.  B.,  iii,  113,  114 
Fredericksburg,    Battle  of,   112  to 

118;   References,  VHI,  96,   122, 

128,  132,  133,  136,  179,  223,  255, 

257,  259,  261,  26;,  277,  278,  279, 

280,  281,  285,  290,  297,  298,  299, 

321,  328 
Freer,  Asst.  Surgeon,   178 
Fremont,  Gen.  John  C,  64,  345 
French,  Gen.  Wm.  H.,  172 
Frink,  Prentiss  S.,  330 
Frothingham,      Edward       (Hosp. 

Steward),  21,  112 
Frothingham,  William  (Surgeon), 

19,  21,  293,  315 
Fuller,  Capt.,  136 


Gage,  John  G.    (Albany),  30 
Gaines  Mills,  Va.,  Battle  of,  81  to 

84;  References,  21,  no,  128,  129, 

263,  294,  303,  323,  327 
Galpin,  Henry  M.,  22 
Garibaldi    Guards    (39th    N.    Y.), 

20,  223 
Gardner,  Elias  D.,  312 
Gardner,  Robt.  W..  287 
Gaskill,  Chas.  B.,  82,  83,  115,  130, 

31S,  319 
Gates,  Gen.  Horatio,  38 
Gates,  Charles   C,    15 
Geary,  Gen.  J.  W.,  142,  143 
Gentry,  Capt.  Wm.  F.,  213,  285 
George,  330 
Gettysburg,  Pa.,  Battle  of,  139  to 

158; References,  VHI,   159,   166, 


478 


INDEX 


223,  295,  296,  297,  298,  299,  300, 
301,  324,  326,  327,  328,  329,  330, 

331,  349 
Gettysburg,  Monument  of  44th.  N. 

Y.  v.,  222 
Gibbon,  Gen.  John,  114,  246 
Gibbs,  Charles  W.,  15,  22,  29,  100. 

130,  162,  315 
Giddings,  Andrew  J.,  265,  266 
Gill,  Wallace,  23 
Gillin,  James,  192 
Godfrey,  Darwin  F.,  23 
Going  to  the  Front,  Z7 
Goodrich,  E.  R.,  151 
Gordon,   Gen.  John  B.,  C.  S.   A., 

244,  247 
Goshen  Baptist  Church,  255 
Gove,  Col.  Jesse  A.,  47 
Grannis,    Charles    D.,    19,    23,   82, 

208,  219,  262,  263,  267,  274,  295 
Grant,   Gen.   U.  S.,  151,   182,   183, 

186,  187,  200,  201,  202,  245,  246, 

250,  256,  296,  300 
Graves,   Anthony   G.,   Jr.,   15,   22, 

130 
Greeley,  Horace,  216,  262 
Gregg,  Gen.  David  McM.,  136,  150, 

289 
Gregg,  Adgate  T.,  175 
Greene,  Wm.  H.,  23,  217 
Gregory,  Gen.  Edgar  M.,  244 
Gregory,  David,  292 
Griffin,  Gen.  Chas.,  47,  98,  iii,  122, 

123,  128,  173,  192,  201,  210,  21  r, 

244,  246,  251,  254,  286,  327 
Groveton,  Va.,  97,  98,  169 
Guard  House  Incident,  27 
Guerillas,  174,  178 
Guernsey,  Delos  W.,  68 
Gwyn,  Col.  James,   183,   185,  211 


H 
"H.  B.,"  322 
Halleck,  Gen.  H.  W.,  139,  140,  160, 

161 
Halls  Hill,  Va.,  44,  45,  46,  47,  49, 

51,   55,   loi,   102,   310,  311,   312, 

314,   ZZ7> 
Hammond  Henry  E.,  323 
Hancock,  Gen.  W.  S.,  70,  183 
Hand,  Chas.  H.   (Lt.  &  A.  A.   A. 

G.),  207 
Hannagan  (Hennaga),  Joseph,  324 
Hanover   Court   House,   Va.,  Bat- 
tle of,  "JZ  to  T]\  References,  91, 
93,   no,   128,   19=;.  316,  317,  318, 

323,  329,  331,  341 
Hardenburgh,  J.  J.,  130,  290 
Harris,  David  S.,  291 


Harris,  Erastus  L.,  88,  323,  325 
Harrison's    Landing,    Va.,   44,   88, 

91,  92,  93,  94.  107,  263,  297,  319, 

320 
Hatch,  Junius  H.,  Jr.,  21,  88,  134 
Haver,  W.  W.,  255 
Hawkins,  Westel  W.,  22 
Hazlett,  Lieut.  Chas.  E.,  145,  147, 

156 
Hayes,  Lieut.  Col.  Joseph,  183,  185 
Heintzelman,  Gen.  S.  P.,  64,  66,  ^^ 
Henderson,  Geo.  E.,  108 
Henderson,  G.  F.  R.,  C.  B.,  4 
Hendricks,    N.   Y.    Herald    Corre- 
spondent, 170 
"Henry,"  Co.  A.,  327 
Herenden,    Geo.    B.,   VH,    15,    21, 

68,   69,   70,   88,  94,   96,  97,   118, 

148,  154,  172,  178 
Heth,  Gen.  Henry,  C.  S.  A.,  247 
Hicks,  Campbell,  286 
High  Water  Mark   (Gettysburg), 

150,  298 
Hill,  Gen.  A.  P.,  C.  S.  A.,  80,  105, 

247 
Hill's  Cavalry,  C.  S.  A.,  263 
Hill,    Gen.    D.    H.,    C.    S.   A.,   80, 

263 
Hillabrandt,  Lawrence  S.,  88 
Hine,  John  F,  312 
Hitchcock,  Bob,  56 
Hitchcock,  James  B.,  88 
Hocknell,  John,  255,  287 
Hoes,  Theodore,  22,  190,  207,  208, 

209,  213,  292, 
Holland,  J.  G.,  226 
Hollister,  Lansing,  22 
Hood,  Gen.  John  B.,  C.  S.  A.,  145, 

155,   327 
Hooker,  Gen.  Joseph,  47,  104,  105, 

III,  113,  124,  125,  132,  134,  135, 

138,  139,  140,  229,  230,  281,  283, 

284,  296,  298,  299,  328 
Hoskins,  Michael,  277 
Howard,  Gen.  O.  O.,  142 
Howlett,  Henry  C,  21,  "jt.,  yy 
Hoyt,  Thos.  J.,  A.  A.  G.,  93,  319 
Hudson,  A.  Lora,   17,  18,  19 
Hughes,    Charles    (Albany),   8,   9, 

10,  II,  12,  13,  27,  140 
Hull,   Andress   B.,   108 
Humphreys,  Gen.  A.  A.,  211 
Hunt,  Thomas  H.,  324 
Huntley,  Justin  R.,  340 
Huntly,  W.  D.,  340 
Hurd,  Allen  J.,  324 
Husted,  Albert  N.,  VH,  108,  151, 

152,  153,  207,  208,  213,  261,  292, 

297 
Hyzer,  J.  N.,  255 


INDEX 


479 


Illinois  Vols.  (19th.)  Nineteenth,  3 
Inman,  Burt,  189 
Invalid   Corps,  261 
Itinerary,  228  to  232 


Jackson,  Charles  J.,  22 

Jackson,  Stonewall,    C.    S.    A.,   4, 

80,  81,  301 
James,  A.  C.  (Sutler),  58,  59 
James,  Elzor  B.,  108 
James    River,  259,  264,  289,  291 
"Jesse"      Correspondent      N.      Y. 

Evening  Post,    122 
Jewell,   Prof.   Frederick    (Albany, 

N.   Y.),  321 
Johnson,  Col.  Chas.  A.,  47 
Johnson,  J.  I.,  A.  A.  A.  G.,  225 
Johnson,  Seth  F.,  22,  88,  185,  250, 

286 
Johnson,  Simon  P.,  22 
Johnson,  William  R.,  23 
Johnson,  W.  W.,  192 
Jones    Cross  Roads,  Md.,  160 
Jones,  Lieut.,  268 
Jones,  Wm.  W.,  23,  35,  319 
Judson,  Alderman    (Albany),  217 
Judson,  Capt.  A.   M.,  57,   117,  147 

K 

Kalamazoo    Daily    Telegraph,    267 
Kane,    Charlie,    33,    56 
Kelley,  Frank   M.,  23,    128 
Kelley,  Harrison,  VII,  22,  78,  82, 

130,  315 
Kelly,   Charles,   108,   118,  208,  219 
Kendall,  Henry,  324 
Kennedy,  Henry,  Jr.,  78,  79 
Keyes,  Gen.  E.  D.,  64,  66 
Kershaw,  Gen.  Joseph  B.,    (C.  S. 

A.),  187 
Kidd,  William,  108,  261 
Kimball,  Rodney  G.,  108,  120,  261, 

321 
Kimberly,  Benj.   K.,  21,   154,  166, 

200,  208,  219,  290,  291,  315,  324, 

325 

Kinner,  Royal  G.,  108 

Kinney,  Edward  A.,  88 

Knowlton,  Julian,  327 

Knox,  Edward  B.,  5,  19,  20,  23, 
26.  50,  76,  94,  115,  130,  135,  162, 
189,  190,  197,  203,  219,  260,  264, 
279,  280,  285,  288,  291,  315,  319, 

321 

Kraft,  Joseph,  324 


Lamb,   Wm.    H..  329 

La  Motte,  C.  E.,  A.  A.  A.  G.,  213 

Landon,  Reuben  B.,  22,  304,  315 

Lane,  Wm.   F.,  329 

Lansing,    Col.    H.    S.,  47 

Larrabee,  Lucius  S.,  S,  22,  82,  88, 
100,  130,  144,  147,  154,  280,  295, 
303,  315,  349 

Laurel  Hill  (Spottsylvania)  Bat- 
tle of,  187,  188,  189,  190;  Ref- 
erences, 198,  250,  256,  260 

Law,  Gen.  E.  M.,  C.  S.  A.,  75,  145, 
148 

Lee,  Frank  (Captain),  71 

Lee,  Gen.  Robert  E.,  C.  S.  A.,  71, 
81,  86,  95,  104,  IDS,  III,  143, 
150,  161,  167,  169,  171,  174,  197, 
243,  244,  245,  250,  255,  257,  288, 
296,  297,  298,  300,  301,  332,  349 

Lewis,  A.,  255 

Lewis,  Enoch  J.,  118 

Libby  Prison,  263,  267  to  274 

"Light  Brigade,"  247 

Lincoln,  Abraham,  4,  20,  44,  49, 
55,  63,  64,  91,  106,  III,  125,  128, 
139,   169,  181,  312,  341,  350 

Lincoln,  Solomon,  264 

Little  Round  Top,  IX,  142,  143, 
144,  145,  146,  147,  148,  154,  15s, 
156,  157,  158,  221,  299,  301 

Locke,  Col.  Fred.  T.,  A.  A.  G., 
97,  98,  207,  211,  319 

Log  Chapel,  119 

Long   Bridge,   45,    291 

Longstreet,  Gen.  James,  C.  S.  A., 
80,  113,  143,  156,  157,  170,  187, 
247,  326,  327 

Longwell,  Wm.  H.,  88 

Look,   John,   324 

Love,  Andrew,  15,  22 

Love,  George  M.,  21,  315,  341 

Lowe,  Professor.  55,  68,  79 

Lynch,  James,  322 


M 

Madden,    John,    287 

Maine,  ist    Sharpshooters,   246 

Maine,  2nd    Infantry,    47,    74,    76, 

246,  316 
Maine,  20th     Infantry,     103.     131, 

135.  137,  143,  145,  146,  155,  156, 

160,  162,  164,   183,  184,  194,  201, 

2og,  211,  246,  299,  322 
Malvern    Hill,    Battle,    86    to   90; 

References.  92,  93,  no,  128,  129, 

223,  259,  262,  323 


48o 


INDEX 


Manassas  Gap,  162,  163,  334 
Manassas  Junction,    60,    64,     113, 

136,    156,    168,  298,  323,  324 
Mansfield,  Gen.  J.  K.  F.,  104,  105 
Maret,  George  W.,  22 
Marshall,  Col.  John,  47 
Martin,   Capt.  A.    P.    (Battery  C., 

Mass.),  47,  74 
Martindale,  Gen.  J.  H.,  47,  63,  74, 

91 

Marye's      Heights       (Fredericks- 
burg), 114,  297 
Mason,  John  B.,  21,  88,  341 
Massachusetts,  Battery  C.,  47,  74, 

316 
Massachusetts,  Battery  E.,  47 
Massachusetts,  i6th  Artillery,  218 
Massachusetts,  9th     Infantry,     47, 

2.^6 
Massachusetts,  i8th    Infantry,    47, 

183,  184,  185,  211,  246 
Massachusetts,  22nd   Infantry,   47, 

246 
Massachusetts,  32nd  Infantry,  246 
Meade,  Elnathan,  265,  266 
Meade,  Gen.  George  G.,  114,   128, 
131,  132,  134,  139,  140,  143,  157. 
158,  159,  160,  161,  166,  170,  174, 
176,  177,  184,  191,  192,  201,  202, 
204,  207,  213,  224,  230,  256,  284, 
296,  300,  301,  327,  328 
Mechanicsville,  Va.,  Battle  of,  80; 
References,    92,    no,    267,    268, 
289 
Merritt,  Gen.  Wesley,  246 
Mexican  War,  20.  22,  28 
Michigan,  ist   Infantry,    183,   246 
Michigan,  4th   Infantry,  47.  247 
Michigan,    i6th    Infantry,    47,    81, 
83,  87,    128.    135,    136,    143,    145, 
147,  155.  160,  183,  191,  209,  210, 
211,  246,  299,  312,  322. 
Miller,  C.  C.,  255 
Miller,  Wm.  H.,  23,  315 
Mills,  Horace  F.,  152,  153 
Mine  Explosion,  214,  292 
Mine  Run,  Campaign,  173  to  177; 

Reference.  159 
Mitchell,  John,  189 
Mitchell,   Gen.    ("Mine  host,"  Al- 
bany), 219 
Moak,  Frederick  A.,  22 
Monroe,   President  James,   137 
Monteith,  George,  A.  A.  G.,  207 
Montgomery,  Lieut.,  C.  S.  A.,  287 
Morell,  Brig.  Gen.  Geo.  W.,  47,  72, 
T7><  75,  86,  92,  98,  loi,  104,  106, 
107 
Morgan,  Gov.  E.  D.,  20,  30,  31,  34, 
223,  306,  343 


Morse,  Joseph,  262 
Morse,  Perry,  255 
Mortar   Practice,  202,  291 
Mosby,  Col.  John  S.,  C.  S.  A.,  170, 

179,  180 
Mount  Vernon,  61,  181 
Moyer,   Amenzo,   193 
Mud  March,   123,  298 
Mundy,   Fred   R.,   19,  21,  2^,   154, 

219,  315 

Munger,  Capt.  Bennett,  108,  147, 
178,  207,  208,  213,  328,  349 

Munger,  Orett  L.,  VII,  108,  118, 
178,  187,  188,  189,  190,  195,  196, 
197,  207,  209,  212,  250,  254,  265, 
287,  289.  290.  292,  303. 

Munson,  W.  W.,  321 

Mustered-out,  220 

Myers,    Jerome,    323 

McBlain,  George,  321 

McBlain,  Sergt.  Samuel,  286 

McCall,  Gen.  John  A.,  '72,  80 

McCardel,  Col.,  217 

McClanathan.  Sidney,  88 

McClellan,  Maj.  Gen.  Geo.  B.,  3, 
44,  53,  55,  61,  63,  64,  69,  76,  79, 
80,  85,  86,  91,  92,  97,  102,  103, 
105,  106,  no,  228,  229,  282,  299, 
310,  312,  345 

McClure,  Archibald,  217,  219,  223, 

343 
McCormic,  Rob't  H.,  8,  15,  22,  208, 

219,  311 
McCormick    (Virginian),  120,  170 
McCoy,  L.,   25s 
McDougal,  Thos.,  193 
McDowell,  Gen.   Irwin,  67,  80,  97 
McDuffee,  Rob't,  287 
Mclntyre,     Alderman      (Albany), 

217 
McKivitt,  Meade  A.,  195 
McKown,   James,    19,   20,   28,   29, 

314 
McLane,    Col.    John    W.,   47,    83, 

314.  320 
McMillan,  James,  15,  22,  217,  315 
McQuade,  Col.  James,  47 
McRoberts,  Alexander,  15,  22,  29, 

83,  130,  217,  218,  220,  310,  315 

N 

Naghel,  Major,  83 

Nash,  Eugene  Arus.  18,  19,  23, 
70,  71,  76,  79.  82,  88,  89,  97,  128, 
130,  144,  199,  219,  260,  262,  285, 
290,  291,  293,  315,  320 

Nash,  E.  L.,  255 

Negro   Troops.   200 

New  Company  C,  108,  130,  206 


INDEX 


481 


New  Company  E,  108,     130,     206, 

261 
New  Hampshire,     13th     Infantry, 

321 
Newton,  N.,  Hopewell  Center,  N. 

Y.,  285 
Newton,  Spencer  D.,  285 
New  York  Fire  Zouaves,  5,  19,  20, 

22,  42,  304 
New  York  Herald,  170 
New  York  Times,  126,  170 
New  York  Tribune,  122 
New  York,  2nd    Mounted    Rifles, 

199 
New  York,  7th  Infantry,  3 
New  York,  loth  Militia  (Co's.  A. 

&  B.),  15.  21,  25 
New    York,    nth  Infantry,   3,    19, 

20,  22 
New  York,  12th  Infantry,  47,   52, 

81,  83,  90,  98,  13s,  166 
New  York,  13th  Infantry,  47 
New  York,  14th  Infantry,  47,  137 
New  York,  17th  Infantry,  47,  120, 

135,  182,  312 
New  York,  2Sth  Infantry,   47,   74, 

TJ,  225,  316 
New  York,  39th  Infantry,  20,  223 
New  York,  44th     Battalion,     208, 

292 
New  York,  50th  Infantry,  46 
New  York,  64th  Infantry,  280 
New  York,  88th   Infantry,  61 
New  York,  Ii6th  Infantry,  341 
New    York,    140th    Infantry,    145, 

155,  212,  213,  261 
New    York,    146th    Infantry,   212, 

213 

New  York,  177th  Infantry,  15 
New  York,  185th  Infantry,  247 
New   York,   187th   Infantry,   247 
New  York,  i88th  Infantry,  247 
New  York,  189th  Infantry,  247 
Normal  School  Company,  108,  261, 

299,  321 
Norris,  Joshua,  328 
Norris,  Samantha,   328 
Norris,  Wm.,    N.,  328 
North  Anna.  Va.,  Battle,  193,  194, 

195 ;    References.    187,    290 
North  Carolina,  7th  Battalion   (C. 

S.  A.),  338 
Nott,    Judge    (of    Bethlehem,    N. 

Y.),  30 


O 


Ohio,  ist  Battery,  322 
Old     Guard     Washington     Conti- 
nentals, 15 


Oliver,  Geo.  W.,  88 
Oliver,  Wm.,  286 
O'Neil,  John,  108 
Ord,  Gen.  E.  O.  C,  212 
Organization  of  the  Regiment,  13 
O'Rorke,  Col.  Patrick  H.,  145 
Orr,  George,  264 
Ottman,  Norman,  339 


Pabodie,  Henry  C,  88 

Palmer,    Rev.    Ray    (Albany,    N. 

Y.),  225 
Parker,  Gardner  S.,  22,  312,  313 
Parr,  Capt.   (Albany.  N.  Y.),  218 
Pease,  Lieut.  Chas.  E.,  15,  23,  296, 

315 
Pease,  Loomis  H.  (Chaplain),  19, 

21,  309 
Pease,  Richard  H.,  296 
Peebles  Farm,  Battle.  209  to  212 
Pegrams   Farm    (Peeble's  Farm), 

Battle,  209  to  212 
Peninsula,  6r,  64,  66,  67,  95,  loi, 

103,  223,  261,  297.  299,  323 
Pennsylvania,  2nd    Cavalry,   289 
Pennsylvania,  3rd   Cavalry,  47,  60 
Pennsylvania,  48th    Infantry,    204, 

291 
Pennsylvartia,  62nd    Infantry,    47, 

247 
Pennsylvania,  83rd     Infantrv,    4=5, 

46,  47,  55,  57,  81,  83,  84,  87,  88, 

89,   117,   135,   143,  145,  146,   147, 

148,  155,  178,  183,  184,  185,  188, 
190,  209,  210,  247,  251,  253,  25s, 
286,  287,  292,  299,  310,  312,  314, 
320,  322 

Pennsylvania,  91st  Infantry,  247 
Pennsylvania,  Ii8th  Infantry,  103, 

183,  184,  185,  209,  211,  247 
Pennsylvania,  155th   Infantry,  247 
Pennsylvania,  198th  Infantry,  247 
Pennsylvania    Reserves,    72,    148, 

329 

Petersburg,  Va.,  Assault,  201 ; 
Mine  Explosion,  204;  Siege,  202 
to  214;  References,  291,  .340 

Pickett,  Gen.  Geo.  E.   (C.  S.  A.), 

149,  ISO,  300 

Pleasanton,  Gen.  Alfred,  136,  324 
Pleasants,  Lieut.  Col.,  204 
Pope,  Gen.  John,  95,  97.  102 
Poplar  Spring  Church,  Battle,  209 

to  212;  References,  206,  207 
Port  Hudson,  La.,  15,  166,  341 
Porter,  John  K.  (Albany,  N.  Y.), 

8,  9,  10 


482 


INDEX 


Porter,  Gen.  Fitz  John,  46,  55,  61, 
66,  67,  69,  71,  ^2,  72,  75.  77,  78, 
79,  80,  81,  82,  84,  85,  86,  92,  95. 
97,  104,  106,  no,  229,  247,  274, 
292,  312,  319 
Powell,  Samuel  J.,  108 
Powell,  Col.    W.    H.,    7(>,    77,   82, 

158 
Presentations,   29,  30 
Prim,  Gen.  (Spanish  Army),  79 
Provost  Guard   (C.   S.  A.),  254 
Prud'hom,  Chas.,  152,  153,  254,  287 
Publication   Committee,  VII 

R 

Ramsey,  John  A.,  22 
Rankin,  A.  D.,  255 
Rappahannock    Station,  Battle  of, 

171,  172,  173 
Rathbone,   Gen.  John   F.,   35,   308 
Real,  Henry  F.,  29 
Recaptured  Prisoners,  195 
"Recruit's  Lament,"  120 
Reunions,  221 

Revere,  Wm.  H.,  Jr.,  22,  95,  315 
Rexford,  Willie  M.,  22,  88 
Reynolds,  Gen.  John,  141,  142 
Rhode  Island,  Battery  C,  47 
Rhode  Island,  ist  Cavalry,  179 
Rice,   Gen.  James   C,  IX,  19,  20, 
27,  28,  30,  75,  76,  77,  78,  79.  81, 
83,  84,  86,  87,  89,  90,  94,  97,  98, 
102,  118,  119,  120,  122,  123,  126, 
128,  130,  131,  135,  148,  153,  154, 
155,  161,  162,  164,  173,  219,  223, 
224,  225,  226,  227,  268,  274,  286, 
315,  Z^7,  318,  319,  327,  343,  346, 
349  .     ^ 

Rice,  Josephine  (Mrs.  J.  C.  Rice), 

219,  224 
Rice,  Will  A.,  217,  225 
Rice,  Col.   Wm.  G.,  223 
Richards,  Jason  A.,  286 
Richardson  (Paymaster),  39 
Richardson,    Gen.    Israel    B.,    104, 

.105 
Riggs,  Horace  M.,  22 
Riley,  Pat.,  278,  279,  287 
Roberts,  Col.  Chas.  N.,  47,  76 
Robertson,  Gen.  J.  B.  (C.  S.  A.), 

145 
Robinson,  Maj.  Gen.,  217,  218 
Rogers,  (I!apt.  C.  P.,  210 
Rogers,  John    P.,    217 
Rogers.  Wm.  A.,  21 
Root,  Capt.,  52 
Rosenkranz,  Frazier.  2C/I.  255 
Ross  (Confederate  Prison  Clerk), 

270,  271,  273 


Round  Top   (Big),   143,   144,  146, 

148 
Round    Top    (Little),    see    Little 

Round  Top 
Rowe,  Joseph  H.,  286 
Rowley,  Hiram  W.,  287 
Royce,  Clark  E.,  22,  315 
Ruffin,  Edmund,  93,  94 
Russell,  I.,  18,  19 
Russell,  Jas.  H.,  88,  163,  319 
Rutherford,  Lieut.  Col.,  218 
Ryals,  Major  (C.  S.  A.),  254,  288 


Sabin,  Major  (Paymaster),  164 
Sanitary  Commission,  203,  259,  264 
Satterlee,  Jerome  B.,  303 
Saxe.  John  G.,  343 
Shafer   (Schaflfer),  Peter,  331 
Schermerhorn,  Geo.  W.,  312 
Schreiber  and  his  Band,  22,  ^7,  40, 

57,  94,  218 
Schryver,  Col.,  290 
Schutt    Frank  B.,  76 
Scott,   Winfield    (Lieut.  Gen.),  63 
Schuyler,  Gen.   Philip,  38 
Sedgwick,  Major   Gen.  John,    183 
Sedgwick,  Theodore,   223 
Seeley,  Geo.  W.  B.,  88,  311 
Sentell,  William  H.,  23,  88 
Seven  Days'  Fight,  80,  86,  92,  93, 

94,  223,  262,  267 
Seven  Pines   (Fair  Oaks),  77 
Seward,  Frederick,  350 
Seward,  Wm.    H.,    Sec.   of   State, 

53,  55,  72,  350 
Seymour,   Gov.   Horatio,  218,  219, 

220,  225.  261 
Shaffer,   A.  Webster,  23,  88,  130, 

Shapley,  David,  Jr.,  304,  305,  308, 

309 
Shaw,   McKendree,  118,   119,   126, 

127.  306,  307 
Shearer,  Benn,  287 
Sheridan,  Gen.  Phil.,  190,  195,  243, 

244,  245,  255,  256,  257,  258,  259, 

288,  296 
Sherman,  Gen.  W.  T.,  300,  301 
Shufelt,  H.  T..  255 
Sickles,  Gen.  Daniel  E.,  158 
Sigel,   Gen.   Franz,  97 
Signal  Corps,  181,  261.  285 
Skinner,   Sidney  S.,  88 
Simons,  John,  324 
Sizer,  John  M.,  341 
Sloan,  Alexander,  262 
Slocum,  Gen.  Henry  W.,  82,  148, 

155 


INDEX 


483 


Smith,  Gen.,  84 

Smith,  Albert,  321 

Smith,  Charles  E.,  29,  35 

Smith,  Chester,  324 

Smith,  Col.  E.  B.,  329 

Snicker's   Gap,   109 

South  Mountain,  104,  107,  159,  161 

Spaulding,  Harlan  A.,  323 

Spencer,  Edwin  L.,  23,  315 

Spencer,  D.  C,  207 

Spencer,  E.  D.,  68 

Spottsylvania,    Battle    of,    187    to 

193, ;  References,  VIII,  223,  250, 

255,  286,  288 
Sprague,  Chas.  E.,  275,  279 
Springville,    N.    Y.    Herald,  323 
Spry,  Geo.  H.,  329,  330 
Spry,  James  E.,   120,  330 
St.  John,  Joseph  E,  88 
State    Normal    School     (Albany) 

261,  340 
Stearns,  Tyler  B.,  323 
Stebbins,  "Friend,"  332 
Steele,  John,  324 
Stewart,  John  E.,  334 
Stockholm,  A.  E.,  2^5 
Stockton,  Col.  T.  W.  B.,  J7.   128, 

135 
Stoneman's  Switch,   iii,  112,   117, 

118,  134,  135,  276 
Stonewall  Corps,  244,  247 
Storms,  Jas.  B.,  324 
Stryker,  Col.  Stephen  W.,  19,  20, 

27,  28,  30,  33,  38,  3Q  47,  50,  55,  60, 

72,  86,  91,  304,  306,  308,  314.  315, 

319 
Stuart,  Gen.  J.  E.  B.,  C.  S.  A.,  107, 

136,   150,  258,  324,   334 
Sturdevant.  Oliver  W.,  152 
Sumner,  Chas.,  262 
Sumner,  Gen.  E.  V.,  64,  104,  in, 

112,   113,  114 
Surrender  of  Lee's  Army,  245 
Sutherland,  Sergeant,  41 
Swan,  Wm.,  286,  290 
Sykes,  Gen.  Geo.,  72,  73,  100,  104, 

'117,  140,  143,  156,  1K7,  168,  169, 

327 


Tally,  Col.,  259 

Tamdin,  Lieut.,  224 

Tanner,  S.  W.,  18,  19,  21 

Taylor,    Capt.,   289 

Ten  Broeck,  John  V.,  22,  208,  219 

Thatcher,  Hon.  Geo.  H.,  8,  9,  10, 

13,  37,  39,  217.  218 
Thomas,   Benj.  N.,  88,   147,  349 
Thompson,  Perry,  287,  290 


Tompson,  Wm.,  255 

Throop,  Lieut.  Col.  W.  A.,  183 

Tilton,   Col.,  137 

Tinkham,   Albert  B.,  21 

Todd,   Henry,  330 

Tooker,  Corp.  O.  C,  254,  287 

Total   Abstinence,  30 

Totopotomoy,  196 

Townsend,  E.  D.,  Adj.  Gen.,  139 

Townsend,  Capt.  Frederick    (Adj. 

Gen.  State  of  N.  Y.),  25 
Townsend,  Surgeon    M.    W.,    112, 

182,  201.  219 
Tracy,  Alderman  (Albany),  217 
Tremaine,  Capt.,  A.  A.  Cj.,  289 
Tremain,  Hon.  Lyman,  8,  9,  10 
Turkey  Bend,  85,  128 


U 


Union    College    (Schenectady,    N. 

Y.),  17,  296 
United  States  Zouave    Cadets,    2, 

3,  4,  5,    17,   19,  20,  22,  23,   304, 

305 
United  States,  5th     (Battery    D.), 

47,  103,  193,  251,  254 
Upperville,  Va.,    137,    161 
Utica   Morning   Herald,   304,  306, 

308,  309,  312,  330 


V 


Van,  Private,   166 

Van  Alen,  Gen.  James  H.,  69,  70, 

296 
Van  Alstyne,  Peter,  23 
Vanderlip,    Wm.    L.,    23,    29,    83, 

130,  31S 
Venderzee,  John  G.,  30,  311 
Van  Vechten,    Capt.,  37 
Veteran   Reserves,  22nd,  218 
Vicksburg,  Miss.,  151,  166,  326 
Vincennes.  Chasseur  de,  55 
Vincent,    Gen.    Strong,    135,    136, 

144,  145,  147,  153.  154,  155,  156, 

158,  223.  327,  340 
Vischer,  T.  G.  (Albany),  217 
Von  Vegesack,    Major,   83 


W 

Wagner,  Jacob,  324 
Walker.  Eugene,  323 
Walker,  Hobart  M.,  23 
Walsh,  Michael  McN.,  22.  315 
Wapping  Heights,   162,    163 


484 


INDEX 


Warner,  Prisoner,  270 

Warner,  Rodolphus  G.,  108 

Warren,  Gen.  G.  K.,  74,  143,  176, 
177,  183,  211 

Washington,  Gen.  Geo.,  6,  38,  67, 
72,  181,  282 

Watkins,  Oren  E.,  265 

Watson,  Geo.  I.,  88,  163 

Weaver,  David  S.,  88,  217 

Webb,  Gen.  A.  S.,  I34»  279 

Webber,  Chas.  A.,  23 

Weber,  John  B.,  VII,  68,  -JT,  82, 
88,  341 

Weed,  Gen.  Stephen  H.,  145,  I47, 
156 

Weed.  Thurlow,  30 

Weeden,  Capt.  W.  B.,  47 

Weeks,  Col.  H.  A.,  47,  98 

Welch,  Col.   Norval  R,  210 

Weldon  Railroad,  198,  206,  292, 
338 

Wendell,  Nelson  O.,  88 

Werner,  Jacob  I.,  8,  9,  10,  29 

West  Point,  71,  103 

What  became  of  the  44th  Regi- 
ment, 128,  129 

Whitbeck,  Richard  V.,  88 

White,   Henry,  325 

Wickwire,   J.   W.,  262 

Wilber,  Chas.,  15,  88 

Wilcox,  Chas.  R,  275 

Wilderness,  Va.,  Battle  of,  184  to 
186;  References,  VIII,  198,  223, 
255,  265,  285,  286,  288,  298,  340 

Willard,  John  P.,  23 

Willett,  Consider  H.,  108,  152,  300. 
321 

William  &  Mary  College,  95 

Williams  College,  21 


Williams,  S.,  A.   A.  G.,   132,  207, 

211,  213 
Wilson,  Nath'an  A.,  312 
Wing,  Geo.  W.,  189,  252 
Winthrop,  Gen.  F.,  212,  213,  232 
Wisconsin,  7th  Regiment,  265 
Wood,  Bradford  R.,  Jr.,  VII,  15, 

22,   29,    181,   189,    195,    197,  207, 

208,  210,  212,  213,  215,  254,  257, 

258,  259,  285,  296,  315 
Wood,  Henry,  88 
Woodbury,  Col.  D.  A.,  47 
Woodward,  Col.  O.  S.,  183,  185 
Woodworth,  Chas.  A.,  VII,  19,  23, 

88,  90,  130,  262,  267,  269,  315 
Woodvi^orth,  James   R.,  287 
Wool,  Gen.  John  E.,  71 
Woolford.  Hon.  Geo.,  217 
Worthly,  Daniel,  23 


Yale  College,  17,  223 

Yates,  Frank  E.,  5 

Yates,  Jerome,  23 

Yellow  Tavern,  Va.,  338 

Yorktown,  Va.,  Siege  of,  67,  68; 
Garrisoned,  69;  References,  62, 
63,  66,  69,  70,  71,  72,  94,  95, 
128,  247,  323 

Young,  James,  76,  318 


Zeh,  David,  217 

Zeilman,  Chas.  H.,  15,  22,  148,  166, 
185,  208,  219,  291,  349 


«i