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L  I  B  RAR.Y 

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HISTORY 


OF 


FULTON  COUNTY 


ILLINOIS 


TOGETHER  ^V1TII  SKETCHES  OF  ITS  CITIES,  VILLAGES   AND  TOWNSHIPS,   EDUCA- 
TIONAL, RELIGIOUS,   CIVIL,   MILITARY,   AND  POLITICAL  HISTORY:  POR- 
TRAITS OF   PROMINENT  PERSONS  AND  BIOGRAPHIES  OF 
REPRESENTATIVE  CITIZENS. 


HISTORY  OF  ILLINOIS, 

KMRRACING  ACCOUNTS   OF   TUK   PKK-HISTORIC   RACES,  ABORIGINES,  FRENCH. 

ENGLISH  AND   AMERICAN  CONQUESTS,  AND   A  GENERAL   REVIEW 

OF   ITS   CIVIL,   POLITICAL   AND   MILITARY  HISTORY. 

D1GE8T  OF  STATE  LAWS. 


ILLUSTRATED. 


PEORIA: 

CHAS.   C.    CHAPMAN   &   CO.,    ' 
1879a 


ftGT- 


^ 


.7.  W.  FRANKS  A  SONS, 

PRINTERS,    BINDERS  AND  PUBLISHERS, 

PEORIA,    ILL. 


p 


X^e.R.\AtsV- 


PREFACE. 


(U 


O 

/  For  centuries  prior  to  the  coming  of  the  pioneers  the  woodland  and  jirairie 

;  of  Fulton  county  had  been  the  home  of  the  red  man.  He  had  full  swav  over 
this,  one  of  the  finest  sections  of  the  globe.  But  nature's  hand  had  been  too 
lavish  in  the  distribution  of  natural  advantages  to  let  it  remain  longer  in  pos- 
session of  those  who  refused  to  develop,  even  in  the  slightest  degree,  any  of 
her  great  resources,  accordingly  she  directed  hitherward  the  Anglo  Saxon. 
The  westward  tread  of  the  sturdy  pioneer  was  heard  and  felt  by  the  savage 
race  during  the  early  part  of  the  present  century.  On  thej'  came  with  a  firm 
resolute  step,  until  this  fair  clime  and  country  was  reached,  when  they  pitched 
their  tents  and  ere  long  a  fruitful  field  was  blooming  where  the  large  forest 
trees  and  wild  grass  had  waved  in  the  breezes  for  hundreds  of  years,  undis- 
turbed. They  transformed  the  wigwams  into  cities;  dotted  the  knolls  with 
school-houses  and  churches;  replaced  the  buffalo,  deer,  elk,  ami  wolf,  which 
had  been  driven  further  westward,  with  domestic  animals ;  erected  factories, 
built  railroads,  and  reared  a  refined,  enlightened  and  cultured  people. 

In  this  volume  we  have  attempted  to  portray  these  changes;  to  picture 
them  that  future  generations,  as  well  as  the  present,  may  know  something  of 
what  it  cost  to  give  them  such  a  fair  land.  That  they  may  have  an  idea  of  its 
once  primitive  condition,  and  learn  of  the  brave  men  and  women  who  have 
subdued  the  country;  converted  the  wilderness  into  wbfft  we  now  behold. 
If  we  have  placed  facts  upon  record  so  that  they  are  thus  understood  we  will 
have  fulfilled  our  mission. 

We  have  taken  much  care  in  recording  the  pioneer  history,  that  coming 
generations,  those  who  will  not  have  the  early  settler  to  relate  to  them  the 
history  incident  to  the  settlement  and  development  of  this  county,  may  famil- 
iarize themselves  with  it  through  this  medium ;  and  that  the  reader  may  see 
the  county  in  its  various  stages  of  progression.  We  do  not  profess  to  have 
fully  delineated  the  trials,  s  .fferings,  and  hardships  that  were  experienced  in 
converting  even  this  fertile  land  from  its  virgin  wildness  into  the  luxuriant 
and  densely  populated  country  it  now  is.  I'Vo !  for  human  tongue  or  pen  is  far 
from  being  adequate  to  that  task. 


350,54 


/ 


PREFACE. 

Different  persons  have  given  us  honest  and  sincere,  but  nevertheless 
conflicting  accounts  of  the  same  events,  and  it  has  been  both  a  difficult  and 
delicate  task  to  harmonize  them,  and  draw  therefrom  reasonable  and 
approximately  correct  conclusions.  We  had  only  one  aim  in  view,  one  plan  to 
carry  out,  and  that  was,  to  record  events  impartialh' — to  detail  them  as  they 
actualh'  occurred. 

That  we  have  completed  our  work,  fulfilled  all  our  promises  to  the  utter- 
most, we  feel  conscientiously  assured,  and  we  submit  the  result  of  our  labors 
to  the  charitable  consideration  of  this  intelligent  and  liberal  people.  It  must 
not  be  expected  that,  in  the  multiplicity  of  names,  dates,  and  events,  no 
errors  will  be  detected.  "We  do  not  dare  hope  that  in  the  numerous 
and  varied  details  this  book  is  absolutly  correct,  nor  is  it  expected  that  it  is 
beyond  criticism,  yet  we  believe  it  will  be  found  to  be  measurably  correct  and 
reliable.  We  have  labored  assiduously  and  Mith  studious  care  to  make  it  a 
standard  work  of  reference,  as  well  as  an  authoritative  record  for  future  histo- 
rians to  build  upon. 

Believing  a  work  of  this  nature  would  be  comparatively  incomplete  with- 
out speaking  of  the  history  of  the  State,  of  which  Fulton  county  forms  no 
unimportant  portion,  we  have  carefully  prepared  a  condensed,  yet  very  com- 
plete history  of  Illinois,  which  we  incorporate  in  this  volume.  And  as  a 
valuable  aid  in  transacting  every-day  business,  we  append  a  carefully  com- 
piled digest  of  Illinois  State  Laws,  which  both  the  business  man  and  farmer 
will  find  of  great  value. 

Before  laying  aside  our  pen,  we  de.sire  to  express  our  warmest  thanks  to 
the  editors  of  the  various  newspapei-s  published  throughout  the  county ;  to 
the  county  officials,  and  to  the  people  in  general  for  the  assistance  and  liberal 
patronage  given  us.         ■» 

CHAS.  C.  CHAPMAN  &  CO.. 
'—  1879.  Publishers. 


i 


\ 


I 


I 


CONTE^^TS 


HISTORY 

MOUND-BUILDERS 17 

INDIANS 21 

Illinois  Confederacy 23 

Starved  Rock 23 

Sacs  and  Foxes 24 

Manners  and  Customs 27 

Single-handed  Combat  with  Indians...  29 

EARLY    DISCOVERIKS 31 

Nicholas  Perrot 31 

.Toliet  and  Marquette 31 

l^aSalle's  Explorations 33 

Great  Battle  of  the  Illinois 34 

Tonti  Safe  at  Green  Bay 41 

I^aSalle's  Assassination 43 

FRENCH  OCCUPATION 44 

First  Settlements 44 

The  Mississippi  Company 45 

ENGLISH  RULE 47 

Gen.  Clark's  Exploits 51 

ILLINOLS 55 

County  of  Illinois 55 

NORTHWESTERN   TERRITORY .55 

Ordinance  of  17S7 56 

St.  Clair  Governor  of  N.  W.  Territory...  59 

ILLINOIS  TERRITORY 59 

WAR  OF  ISrj— THE  OUTBREAK .59 

Massacre  of  Fort  Dearborn (iO 

Expeditions  up  the  Mississippi..., 71 

ILLINOIS  AS  A  STATE 74 

Organization 74 

Derivation  of  the  name  "Illinois" 77 

State  Bank 7,S 

LaFayette's  Visit 79 

Grammar  and  Cook  (Jontrasted 82 

HISTORY   OF  FULTON 

CHAPTER    III. 


CHAPTER  I. 

EARLY  SETTLEMENT 191 

The  Military  Tract 191 

Fulton  County 191 

Dr.  Davison,  the  Hermit..  194 

John  Eveland 195 

Ossian  M.  Ross 196 

Feuner  Brothers 197  | 

The  Sergeants  and  Barnes  197 

Sergeant's  wedding 200  | 

"When  my  Commission 

Comes" 202 

Other  Settlers 203 

The  First  Mail  Carriers...  i203 

A  Trading  Expedition 204 

Frightened  by  Indians...  204 
The   Battle   of    Malony's 

Ferry 205 

Trouble  in  Settling    the 

Military  Tract 206 

Robert  Fulton 209 

CHAPTER  IL 

EARLY    SETTLEMENT—  i 

CONTINUED 2111 

Early  Preachers 211  i 

Training  day 212  1 

A  Few  First  Things 214 

Organization  of  Fulton 

County 218 

Trade 219 

Early  Milling 221 

Wild  Hog.s 222 

The  Deep   Snow 224 

Sudden  Change 227 

High  Water 227 

The    Severe  Winter  of 

1842-3 228 

Money 228 

The  Beautiful  Prairies..  230 
Incidents    of     Pioneer 

Life 232 

What  the  Pioneers  Have    . 

Done 235 


OF  ILLINOIS. 

INDIAN  TROUBLES 

Winnebago  War 

BLACK  HAWK  WAR 

Stillman's  Run 

Battle  of  Bad  Axe 

Black  Hawk  Captured 

Biographical  Sketch  of  Black  Hawk 

FROM  1834  TO  1842 

Internal  Improvements 

Illinois  and  Michigan  Canal 

ilartvr  for  Liberty 

PRAIRIE  PIRATES.: 

MORMON  WAR 

MEXICAN  WAR 

Battle  of  Bueiiii  Vista 

THE  WAR  FOR  THE  UNION 

States  Seceding 

The  Fall  of  Sumter 

Call  for  Troops  Promptly  Answered 

The  War  Ended— The  Union  Restored.. 

Schedule  of  Regiments 

DUELS 

DRESS  AND  MANNERS 

PHY'SICAL  FEATURES  OF  ILLINOIS 

AGRICULTURE 

GOVERNORS  OF  ILLINOIS 

Lieutenant  Governors 

State  Officials 

U.  S.  Senators 

Representatives  in  Congress 

CHICAGO 

The  Great  Fire 

Commerce  of  Chicago 

STATES  OF  THE  UNION 

COUNTY. 

County  Court 

'J'ownship  Organization 

County  Expenditures... 

CHAPTER  VIII. 

BLACK  HAWK  WAR 

Troops  Raised 


IMPORTANT  LABORS  OF 
COUNTY'  COMMIS- 
SIONERS' COURT 237 

First  Meeting 237 

("ounty-Seat  Located 239 

Tavern  Licenses 239 

Ferry  Licenses 240 

More   Justices    of    the 

Peace 241 

The  First  Court-House..  241 

First  Treasurer 245 

First  Grand  Jury 245 

First  Marriage 245 

I'av  for  Assessment  of 

Taxes 246 

First  Petit  Jury 247 

Militia  Precincts 247 

First  Marriage  in  Chi- 
cago    248 

Niew     ("ommissioinerR 

and  a  New  Clerk 248 

First  Mart-iage  License..  249 

Estray  Pen 249 

County  Revenue 2.50 

A  New  Court-House 250 

Another  Jail 251 

The      Present     Court- 

Hou.se 252 

First  Temperance  Work  2.54 

Paupers  Sold 2.55 

A  New  Jail 2.55 

First  Poor  Farm 255 

Last  Meeting 256 

CHAPTER  IV. 
GEOLOGY a57 

CHAPTER  V.  / 

ZOOLOGY' 265 

CHAPTER  VI. 
BOTANY' 271 

CHAPTER  VII. 

IMPORTANT  LABORS 
OF  THj'.  BOARD  OF 
SUPER  .'ISORS 282 


Stillman's  Defeat 

Horrible  Massacre 

The  Westerfield  Defeat. 

CHAPTER  IX. 
CRIMINAL  RECORD 

CHAPTER  X. 
PIONEER  LIFE 

CHAPTER  XI. 
ARCHAEOLOGY 

CHAPTER  XII. 
MEXICAN  WAR 

CHAPTER  XIII 

THE  REBELLION 

First  Indications  of  the 
War 

First  Call  for  Troops 

Various  Meetings  Held 
in  the  County 

Death  of  Senator  Doug- 
las  

A  Picture  of  a  Sad  and 
Desolate  Home 

Soldier's  Aid  Society... 

Soldiers  in  Fulton  Co... 

The  Close 

Fulton  County  Volunteers 

CHAPTER   XIV. 

THE    BAR    OF    FULTON 

COUNTY y 

Pioneer  Courts 

Court  Days 

Circuit  Judges 

Pro.secuting  Attorneys.. 

The  Bar :.. 

Present  Bar 


83 

83 
84 
87 
90 
91 
92 
95 
95 


102 
104 
118 
119 
125 
126 
127 
128 
137 
ViS 
141 
149 
1.54 
1.55 
157 
160 
161 
162 
165 
170 
172 
173 
177 


282 
283 
288 

289 
290 
292 
294 
294 

307 

318 


335 


340 

S12 

U-2 
343 

343 

346 

346 
:M8 
349 
353 
355 


392 
392 

3i)4 
394 
39' 


CONTENTS. 


CHAPTER  XV. 

TOWNSHIP  HISTOPJES:— 

Astoria 409 

Banner 469 

Buckheart 477 

Bernadotte 506 

Canton 515 

Cass 582 

Deerfielfl 602 

Ellisville 615 

Fairview 623 

Farmers' 648 

Farmington 678 

Harris 697 

Isabel 712 

Joshua 724 

Kerton 748 

Lee 760 

Le\vistown 769 

Liverpool 820 

Orion 843 

Pleasant 84-S 

Starved  Rock 25 

An  Iroquois  Chief 37 

Gen.  Geo.  R.  Clark 49 

Gen.  Arthur  St.  Clair .58 

Old  Fort  Dearborn 61 

Old  Kinzie  House 65 

Pontiae  69 

Black  Hawk 85 

Abbott,  Daniel 395 

Addi.s,  A.  I) 468 

Babcock,  W.  H 468 

Barker,  J.  W 661 

Beam,  O.  J 883 

Bearce,  Orson 369 

Benson,  Hon.  Jesse 225 

Bovington,  E.  L 733 

Breed,  C.  G 571 

Brown,  Jacob 715 

Brown,  Mrs.  Jacob 715 

Bvbee,  T.  T 4S5 

Chapman,  S.  S 449 

Coleman,  W.  D 537 

Colter,  Hon.  H.  R 243 

Cummings,  Hon.  S.  P 431 

Curtis  Dr.  L.  W  -537 

Custer,  P.  Y 571 

Foutch.  John 721 

Gallagher.  P.  W 873 

Gardiner,  J.  H 727 

Gardiner.  Margaret 727 

Haacke,  Capt.  David 297 

Laws 1039 

Jurisdiction  of  Courts 1039 

County  Court.*^ 1040 

Com.  of  Highwavs 1040 

Fences 1042 

Drainage 1044 

Trespa.ss  of  Stock 1014 

Estravs 1015 

Horses 1016 

Marks  and  Brands 1017 

Articles  of  Agreement 1017  , 

Notes 1018  I 

.Judgment  Note lOi'.i 

fnterest 1049  | 

'Is 10.51 

nt 1055 

1056 

•es  and  Trust  Deedsl057 

>eds 1058 

1058 

e 1060 


Putman 865 

Union 880 

Vermont 897 

Waterford 936 

Woodland 940 

Young  Hickory 969 

CHAPTER   XVI. 

POLITICAL 975 

Election  Returns 976 

CHAPTER  XVII. 

COUNTY  OFFICIALS  984 

CHAPTER  XVin. 

THE  PRE.SS 990 

Fulton  County  Ledger..  991 
Lewistown  Democrat...  993 

Canton  Register 995 

News-Chronicle 997 

Vermont  Chronicle 1000 

Farmington  News 1001 

Weeklv  Times 1002 

Stream  of  Light 1004 

Avon  Sentinel 1005 

II.HJSTRATIOX.S. 

C,  R.-I.  &  P.  R.  R.  Depot...    99 

Eye  and  Ear  Infirmary Ill 

Deaf  and  Dumb  Institute...  115 
Scene  on  Fox  River 221 

.  Lincoln  Monument. 137 

Asylum  for  Feeble  Minded  143 

I  Southern   Normal  Univer-        i 
sity 151 1 

PORTRAITS. 

Hartough,  H.  H 625 

Herring.  J.  R 867 

Herring,  Mrs/M.  A 867 

Higgins,  H .:.^^ 369 

Holni.e.'?,  C...j..-..r„.v 73:? 

Hulit,  N ■..„.,..;..'.™T 857 

Hummel,  I.  M;.';........„ 801 

Hummel,  Mrs.  I.  M....^.:.....  80L 

Hummel,  Jessie  L .SOI 

John.son,  B.  C 733 

Leslie,  L.   T 369 

Maus,  Jacob 825 

McCall.J.  H 207 

McCune.  J.  L.. 8.51 

McCune,  Mrs.  J.  L 851 

McDowell,  W.  M 261 

Merrill,  H.  S 413 

Miner,  Wm 661 

Moore,  B.  H -537 

Mower\',  Jacob 3:i3 

Onion.'j.  M 369 

Orendorff.  John .519 

Orendorff,  W.  J .519 

DIGEST  OF  STATE  LAWS. 

Days  of  Grace 1061  i 

Limitation  of  Action 1061 

Receipt.< 1062 

Exemptions   from    Forced         { 

Sales 1062 

Landlords  and  Tenants Uh;3 

Criminal  Law 1066 

Taxes 10(W 

Subscription 10<;9  ' 

Contract  for  Personal  Ser- 
vices  1070 

Newsjjaper  LiVjel 1071  | 

Tender 1071  i 

Drunkenness 1073 

Marriage  Contract 1074 

School  Months 1076 

Infants 1076 

Adoption  of  Children 1077 

Church  Organizations ...Wrt-i 

Game .....1078  i 


CHAPTER  XIX. 

RAILROADS lOOC 

C,  B.  <fc  Q.— 

Rush%-ille  Branch 1006 

Quincv  Branch 1009 

St.  L.  Di\-ision 1009 

T.,  P.  &  W.  Rv 1010 

Fulton  Co.  N.-G.  Ry 1038 

CHAPTER  XX. 

MLSCELLANEOUS 1014 

C.  &  L.  Plank  Road 1014 

Count\--.Seat  Contest 1015 

Matrimonial 1018 

School  Statistics 1020 

Table  of  Distances 1022 

Population 1023 

Wealth  of  Fulton  Co. -.1023 

Fulton  Countv  Fair 1025 

Avon  Fair 1027 

Reminiscences 1028 

"  Fulton  County" 1032 

Miscellaneous     B  i  o  g  - 
raphies 1035 

Central  Insane  Hospital 160 

Indufstrial  University 160 

The  Crib 176 

Court- House 190 

Map  of  Fulton  County 14-15 

Present  Jail 643 

Old  Court  House 811 

First  Court- House.  Frontispiece 


Parlin,  Wm 351 

Peirsol,  J.  E 333 

Peirsol,  Dr.  J.  H 781 

Phelps,  Wm 791 

Phelps,  Mrs.  Wm 791 

Potts.  L.  W Si5 

Powell,  E.  G 315 

Quillin.  E 857 

Robb,   Andrew 679 

Ross,  Mrs.  Mary 771 

Rothman,  J.  R 279 

Sa-vill.  J.  M 315 

Sheplev,  T.  J 571 

Smith,'Wm.   H 468 

Standard,  Thos 739 

Standard,  Rachel 739 

Stockdale,  Jas  .537 

TenEvck,  Peter 625 

Toler,  Dr.  B.   C 413 

Turner,   James 468 

Welch.  Dr.  J.  K 873 

Wedge,  Dr.  D.  0 825 

Worrell,  J.  J 679 

Millers 1080 

Paupers 1080 

Public  and  Private  Convey- 
ances  1082 

Wages  and  Stakeholders 1083 

Sunday , 10a5 

Definition    of  Commercial 

Terms 1085 

Legal  Weights  and    Meas- 
ures  1085 

Bees 1084 

Dogs lf)81 

Crueln-  to  Animals 108<i 

Names. 108<> 

U.  S.  Mails 108<; 

Rates  of  Postage 1088 

Rates  of  Postage  on  Third- 

Cla.ss  Matter 1069 

Registered  Matter 1090 

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HISTORY  OF  ILLINOIS. 


FORMER  OCCUPANTS. 


MOUND-BUILDERS. 

The  numerous  and  well-authenticated  accounts  of  antiquities 
found  in  various  parts  of  our  country,  clearly  demonstrate  that  a 
people  civilized,  and  even  highly  cultivated,  occupied  the  broad 
surface  of  our  continent  before  its  possession  by  the  present  In- 
dians; but  the  date  of  their  rule  of  the  Western  World  is  so  re- 
mote that  all  traces  of  their  history,  their  progress  and  decav,  lie 
buried  in  deepest  obscurity.  Nature,  at  the  time  the  first  Euro- 
peans came,  had  asserted  her  original  dominion  over  the  earth;  the 
forests  were  all  in  their  full  luxuriance,  the  growth  of  many  cen- 
turies; and  naught  existed  to  point  out  who  and  what  they  were 
who  formerly  lived,  and  loved,  and  labored,  and  died,  on  the  conti- 
nent of  America.  This  pre-historic  race  is  known  as  the  Mound- 
Builders,  from  the  numerous  large  mounds  of  earth-works  left  by 
them.  The  remains  of  the  works  of  this  people  form  the  most  in- 
teresting class  of  antiquities  discovered  in  the  United  States.  Their 
character  can  be  but  partially  gleaned  from  the  internal  evidences 
and  the  peculiarities  of  the  only  remains  left, — the  mounds.  They 
consist  of  remains  of  what  were  apparently  villages,  altars,  temples, 
idols,  cemeteries,  monuments,  camps,  fortifications,  pleasure 
grounds,  etc.,  etc.  Their  habitations  must  have  been  tents,  struc- 
tures of  wood,  or  other  perishable  material;  otherwise  their  remains 
would  be  numerous.  If  the  Mound-Builders  were  not  the  ancestors 
of  the  Indians,  who  were  they?  The  oblivion  whicli  has  closed  over 
them  is  so  complete  that  only  conjecture  can  be  given  in  answei  to 
the  question.  Those  who  do  not  believe  in  the  common  parentage 
of  mankind  contend  that  they  were  an  indigenous  race  of  the  West- 
ern hemisphere;  others,  with  more  plausibility,  think  they  came 
from  the  East,  and  imagine  they  can  see  coincidences  in  the  religion 
of  the  Hindoos  and  Southern  Tartars  and  the  supposed  theology  of 


18  mSTOKV    ()1<"    ILLINOIS. 


the  Mound- Builders,  They  were,  no  doubt,  idolators,  and  it  hh^ 
been  conjectured  tiiat  the  sun  was  tlie  object  of  their  adoration.  Tl»e 
mounds  were  generally  built  in  a  situation  aifording  a  view  of  the 
rising  sun:  when  enclosed  in  walls  their  gateways  were  toward  the 
east;  the  caves  in  which  their  dead  were  occasionally  buried  alwaye 
opened  in  the  same  direction;  whenever  a  mound  was  partially  en- 
closed by  a  semi-circular  pavement,  it  was  on  the  east  side;  wheb 
bodies  were  buried  in  graves,  as  was  frequently  the  case,  they  were 
laid  in  a  direction  east  and  west;  and,  tinully.  medals  have  been 
found  representing  the  sun  and  his  raj's  of  light. 

At  what  period  they  came  to  this  country,  is  likewise  a  matter  oi 
speculation.  From  the  comparatively  rude  state  of  the  arts  among 
them,  it  has  been  inferred  that  the  time  was  verv  remote.  Their 
axes  were  of  stone.  Their  raiment,  judging  from  fragments  which 
have  been  discovered,  consisted  of  the  bark  of  trees,  interwoved 
with  feathers;  and  their  military  works  were  such  as  a  people 
would  erect  who  had  just  passed  to  the  pastoral  state  of  society 
from   that  dependent  alone  upon  hunting  and  fishing. 

The  mounds  and  other  ancient  earth-works  constructed  by  this 
people  are  far  more  abundant  than  generally  supposed,  from  the  fact 
that  while  some  are  quite  large,  the  greater  part  of  them  are  small 
and  inconspicuous.  Along  nearly  all  our  water  courses  that  are 
large  enough  to  be  navigated  with  a  canoe,  the  mounds  are  almost 
invariably  found,  covering  the  base  points  and  headlands  of  the 
bluffs  which  border  the  narrower  vallej's;  so  that  when  one  finds  him- 
self in  such  positions  as  to  command  the  grandest  views  for  river 
scenery,  he  may  almost  always  discover  that  he  is  standing  upon, 
or  in  close  proximity  to,  some  one  or  more  of  these  traces  of  the 
labors  of  an  ancient  people. 


GALEKA    MOUNDS. 


On  the  top  of  the  high  blufis  that  skirt  the  west  bank  of  the  Mis- 
sissippi, about  two  and  a  half  miles  from  (J-alena,  are  a  number  of 
these  silent  monuments  of  a  pre-historic  age.  The  spot  is  one  of 
surpassing  beauty.  From  that  point  may  be  obtained  a  view  of  a 
portion  of  three  States, — Illinois,  Iowa  and  "Wisconsin.  A  hundred 
feet  below,  at  the  foot  of  the  perpendicular  clifis,  the  trains  of  the 
Illinois  Central  Railroad  thunder  around  the  curve,  the  portage  is 
in  full  view,  and  the  "  Father  of  Waters,"  with  its  numerous  bayous 


HISTOKV    OK    ILLINOIS.  19 

and  islands,  sketches  a  grand  pamorama  for  miles  above  and  below. 
Here,  probably  thousands  of  years  ago,  a  race  of  men  now  extinct, 
and  unknown  even  in  the  traditions  of  the  Indians  who  inhabited 
that  section  for  centuries  before  the  discovery  of  America  by  Colum- 
bus, built  these  strangely  wonderful  and  enigmatical  mounds.  At 
this  point  these  mounds  are  circular  and  conical  in  form.  The  larg- 
est one  is  at  least  forty  feet  in  diameter  at  the  base,  and  not  less 
than  fifteen  feet  high,  even  yet,  after  it  has  been  beaten  by  the 
storms  of  many  centuries.  On  its  top  stands  the  large  stump  of  an 
oak  tree  that  was  cut  down  about  tifty  years  ago,  and  its  annual 
rings  indicate  a  growth  of  at  least  200  years. 

One  of  the  most  singular  earth-works  in  the  State  was  found  on 
the  top  of  a  ridge  near  the  east  bank  of  the  Sinsinawa  creek  in  the 
lead  region.  It  resembled  some  huge  animal,  the  head,  ears,  nose, 
legs  and  tail,  and  general  outline  of  which  being  as  perfect  as 
if  made  bv  men  versed  in  modern  art.  The  ridjje  on  which  it  was 
situated, stands  on  the  prairie,  300  yards  wide,  100  feet  in  height, 
and  rounded  on  the  top  by  a  deep  deposit  of  clay.  Centrally, 
along  the  line  of  its  summit,  and  thrown  up  in  the  form  of  an 
embankment  three  feet  high,  extended  the  outline  of  a  quadruped 
measuring  250  feet  from  the  tip  of  the  nose  to  the  end  of  the 
tail,  and  having  a  width  of  18  feet  at  the  center  of  the  body.  The 
head  was  35  feet  in  length,  the  ears  10  feet,  legs  60  and  tail  75.  The 
curvature  in  both  the  fore  and  hind  leijs  was  natural  to  an  animal 
lying  on  its  side.  The  general  outline  of  the  figure  most  nearly 
resembled  the  extinct  animal  known  to  ojeoloo-ists  as  the  Mcirathe- 
rium.  The  question  naturally  arises.  By  whom  and  for  what  pur- 
pose was  this  earth  figure  raised?  Some  have  conjectured  that 
numbers  of  this  now  extinct  animal  lived  and  roamed  over  the  prai- 
ries of  Illinois  when  the  Mound-Builders  first  made  their  appearance 
on  the  upper  part  of  the  Mississippi  Valley,  and  that  their  wonder 
and  admiration,  excited  by  the  colossal  dimensions  of  these  huge 
creatures,  found  some  expression  in  the  erection  of  this  figure. 
The  bones  of  some  similar  gigantic  animals  were  exhumed  on  this 
stn'eam  about  three  miles  from  the  same  place. 


LARGE    CITIES. 


Mr.  Breckenridge,  who  examined  the  antiquities  of  the  Western 
country  ia  1817,  speaking  of  the  mounds  in  the  American  Bottom, 
says:     "The  great  number  and  extremely  large  size  of  some  of 


20  HISTORY   OF    ILLINOIS. 

them  may  be  regarded  as  furnishing,  with  other  circumstances, 
evidences  of  tlieir  antiquity.  1  have  sometimes  been  induced  to 
think  that  at  the  period  wlien  they  were  constructed  there  was  a 
population  here  as  numerous  as  that  which  once  animated  the 
borders  of  the  Nile  or  Euphrates,  or  of  Mexico.  The  most  num- 
erous, as  well  as  considerable,  of  these  remains  are  found  in  pre- 
cisely those  parts  of  the  country  where  the  traces  of  a  numerous 
population  might  be  looked  for,  namely,  from  the  mouth  of  the 
Ohio  on  the  east  side  of  the  Mississippi,  to  the  Illinois  river,  and 
on  the  west  from  the  St.  Francis  to  the  Missouri.  I  am  perfectly 
satisfied  that  cities  similar  to  those  of  ancient  Mexico,  of  several 
hundred  thousand  souls,  have  existed  in  this  country." 

It  must  be  admitted  that  whatever  the  uses  of  these  mounds — 
whether  as  dwellings  or  burial  places — these  silent  monuments 
were  built,  and  the  race  who  built  them  vanished  from  the  face 
of  the  earth,  ages  before  the  Indians  occupied  the  land,  but  their 
date  must  probably  forever  baffle  human  skill  and  ingenuity. 

It  is  sometimes  difficult  to  distinguish  the  places  of  sepulture 
raised  by  the  Mound-Builders  from  the  more  modern  graves  of  the 
Indians.  The  tombs  of  the  former  were  in  general  larger  than 
those  of  the  latter,  and  were  used  as  receptacles  for  a  greater  number 
of  bodies,  and  contained  relics  of  art,  evincina;  a  his-her  deo'ree  of  civ- 
ilization  than  that  attained  by  the  Indians.  The  ancient  earth- 
works of  the  Mound -Builders  have  occasionally  been  appropriated 
as  burial  places  by  the  Indians,  but  the  skeletons  of  the  latter  may 
be  distinguished  from  the  osteological  remains  of  the  former  by 
their  greater  stature. 

What  finally  became  of  the  Mound-Builders  is  another  query 
which  has  been  extensively  discussed.  The  fact  that  their  works 
extend  into  Mexico  and  Peru  has  induced  the  belief  that  it  was 
their  posterity  that  dwelt  in  these  countries  when  they  were  first 
visited  by  the  Spaniards.  The  Mexican  and  Peruvian  works,  with 
the  exception  of  their  greater  magnitude,  are  similar.  Pelics  com- 
mon to  all  of  them  have  been  occasionally  found,  and  it  is  believed 
that  the  religious  uses  which  tliey  subserved  were  the  same.  If, 
indeed,  the  Mexicans  and  Peruvians  were  the  progeny  of  the 
more  ancient  Mound-Builders,  Spanish  rapacity  for  gold  was  the 
cause  of  their  overthrow,  and  final  extermination. 

A  thousand  other  queries  naturally  arise  respecting  these  nations 


lIlSrOKV    OF    ILLINOIS.  21 

which  now  repose  under  the  ground,  but  the  most  searching  investi- 
gation can  give  us  only  vagne  speculations  for  answers.  No  histo- 
rian has  preserved  the  names  of  their  mighty  chieftains,  or  given  an 
account  of  their  exploits,  and  even  tradition  is  silent  respecting 
them. 

INDIANS. 

FoUowino;  the  Monnd-Builders  as  inhabitants  of  North  America, 
were,  as  it  is  supposed,  the  people  who  reared  the  magniticent 
cities  the  ruins  of  which  are  found  in  Central  America.  This  peo- 
ple was  far  more  civilized  and  advanced  in  the  arts  than  were  the 
Mound-Builders.  The  cities  built  by  them,  judging  from  the  ruins 
of  broken  columns,  fallen  arches  and  crumbling  walls  of  temples, 
palaces  and  pyramids,  which  in  some  places  for  miles  bestrew  the 
ground,  must  have  been  of  great  extent,  magnificent  and  very  pop- 
ulous. When  we  consider  the  vast  period  of  time  necessary  to  erect 
such  colossal  structures,  and,  again,  the  time  required  to  reduce 
them  to  their  present  ruined  state,  we  can  conceive  something  of 
their  antiquity.  These  cities  must  have  been  old  when  many  of 
the  ancient  cities  of  the  Orient  were  being  built. 

The  third  race  inhabiting  North    America,   distinct   from   the 
former  two  in   every  particular,  is   the   present  Indians.        They 
were,  when   visited  by  the  early  discoverers,  without   cultivation, 
refinement   or  literature,  and  far  behind  the  Mound-Builders  in 
the  knowledge  of  the  arts.     The  question  of  their  origin  has  long 
interested  archasologists,  and  is  the  most  difficult  they  have  been 
called  upon  to  answer.     Of  their  predecessors  the   Indian  tribes 
knew  nothing;  they  even  had  no  traditions  respecting  them.     It  is 
quite  certain  that  they  were  the  successors  of  a  race  which  had 
entirely  passed  away  ages  before  the  discovery  of  the  New  World. 
One  hypothesis  is  that  the  American  Indians  are  an  original  race 
indigenous  to  the  Western  hemisphere.     Those  who  entertain  this 
view  think  their  peculiarities   of  physical  structure  preclude  the 
possibility  of  a   common  parentage   with  the  rest  of    mankind. 
Prominent  among  those  distinctive  traits  is  the  hair,  which  in  the 
red  man  is  round,  in  the  white  man  oval,  and  in  the  black  man  flat. 
A  more  common  supposition,  however,  is  that  they  are  a  derivative 
race,  and  sprang  from  one  or  more  of  the  ancient  peoples  of  Asia. 
In  the  absence  of  all  authentic  history,  and  when  even  tradition  is 


22  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

wanting,  any  attempt  to  point  out  the  particular  location  of  their 
origin  must  prove  unsatisfactory.  Though  the  exact  place  of  origin 
may  never  be  known,  yet  the  striking  coincidence  of  physical 
organization  between  the  Oriental  type  of  mankind  and  the  Indians 
point  unmistakably  to  some  part  of  Asia  as  the  place  whence  they 
emigrated,  which  was  originally  peopled  to  a  great  extent  by  the 
children  of  Shem.  In  this  connection  it  has  been  claimed  that  the 
meeting  of  the  Europeans,  Indians  and  Africans  on  the  continent 
of  America,  is  the  fulfillment  of  a  prophecy  as  recorded  in  Gen- 
esis ix.  27:  "God  shall  enlarge  Japheth,  and  he  shall  dwell  in  the 
tents  of  Shem;  and  Canaan  shall  be  his  servant."  Assuming  the 
theory  to  be  true  that  the  Indian  tribes  are  of  Shemitic  origin, 
they  were  met  on  this  continent  in  the  fifteenth  century  by  the 
Japhetic  race,  after  the  two  stocks  had  passed  around  the  globe  by 
directly  difierent  routes.  A  few  years  afterward  the  Hamitic 
branch  of  the  human  family  were  brought  from  the  coast  of  Africa. 
During  the  occupancy  of  the  continent  by  the  three  distinct  races, 
the  children  of  Japheth  have  grown  and  prospered,  while  the  called 
and  not  voluntarv  sons  of  Ham  have  endured  a  servitude  in  the 
wider  stretching:  vallevs  of  the  tents  of  Shem. 

When  Christopher  Columbus  had  finally  succeeded  in  demon- 
strating the  trutli  of  his  theory  that  by  sailing  westward  from  Eu- 
rope land  would  be  discovered,  landing  on  the  Island  of  Bermuda 
he  supposed  he  had  reached  the  East  Indies.  This  was  an  error, 
but  it  led  to  the  adoption  of  the  name  of  "  Indians  "  for  the  inhab- 
itants of  the  Island  and  the  main  land  of  America,  by  which  name 
the  red  men  of  America  have  ever  since  been  known. 

Of  the  several  great  branches  of  Xorth  American  Indians  the 
only  ones  entitled  to  consideration  in  Illinois  history  are  the  Algon- 
quins  and  Iroquois.  At  the  time  of  the  discovery  of  America  the 
former  occupied  the  Atlantic  seaboard,  while  the  home  of  the 
Iroquois  was  as  an  island  in  this  vast  area  of  Algonquin  popula- 
tion. The  latter  great  nation  spread  over  a  vast  territory,  and  various 
tribes  of  Algonquin  lineage  sprung  up  over  the  country,  adopting, 
in  time,  distinct  tribal  customs  and  laws.  An  almost  continuous 
warfare  was  carried  on  between  tribes;  but  later,  on  the  entrance  of 
the  white  man  into  their  beloved  homes,  every  foot  of  territory 
was  fiercely  disputed  by  the  confederacy  of  many  neighboring  tribes. 
The  Algonquins  formed  the  most  extensive  alliance  to  resist  the 
encroachment  of  the  whites,  especially  the  English.     Such  was  the 


HISTORY    OF   ILLINIOS.  23 

nature  of  Kin<^  Philip's  war.  This  King,  with  his  Algonquin 
braves,  spread  terror  and  desolation  throughout  New  England. With 
the  Algonquins  as  the  controlling  spirit,  a  confederacy  of  conti- 
nental proportions  was  the  result,  embracing  in  its  alliance  the  tribes 
of  every  name  and  lineage  from  the  Northern  lakes  to  the  gulf. 
Pontiac,  having  breathed  into  them  his  implacable  hate  of  the 
English  intruders,  ordered  the  conflict  to  commence,  and  all  the 
British  colonies  trembled  before  the  desolating  fury  of  Indian 
vengeance. 

ILLINOIS    CONFEDERACY. 

The  Illinois  confederacy,  the  various  tribes  of  which  comprised 
most  of  the  Indians  of  Illinois  at  one  time,  was  composed  of  five 
tribes:  the  Tamaroas,  Michigans,  Kaskaskias,  Cahokas,  and  Peorias. 
The  Illinois,  Miamis  and  Delawares  were  of  the  same  stock.  As 
early  as  1670  the  priest  Father  Marquette  mentions  frequent  visits 
made  by  individuals  of  this  confederacy  to  the  missionary  station  at 
St.  Esprit,  near  the  western  extremity  of  Lake  Superior.  At  that 
time  they  lived  west  of  the  Mississippi,  in  eight  villages,  whither 
they  had  been  driven  from  the  shores  of  Lake  Michigan  by  the 
Iroquois.  Shortly  afterward  they  began  to  return  to  their  old 
hunting  ground,  and  jnost  of  them  finally  settled  in  Illinois. 
Joliet  and  Marquette,  in  1673,  met  with  a  band  of  them  on  their 
famous  voyage  of  discovery  down  the  Mississippi.  They  were 
treated  with  the  greatest  hospitality  by  the  principal  chief.  On  their 
return  voyage  up  the  Illinois  river  tliey  stopped  at  the  principal 
town  of  the  confederacy,  situated  on  the  banks  of  the  river  seven 
miles  below  the  present  town  of  Ottawa.  It  was  then  called  Kas- 
kaskia.  Marquette  returned  to  the  village  in  1675  and  established 
the  mission  of  the  Immaculate  Conception,  the  oldest  in  Illinois. 
When,  in  1679,  LaSalle  visited  the  town,  it  had  greatly  increased, 
numbering  460  lodges,  and  at  the  annual  assembly  of  the  different 
tribes,  from  6,000  to  8,000  souls.  In  common  with  other  western 
tribes,  they  became  involved  in  the  conspiracy  of  Pontiac,  although 
displaying  no  very  great  warlike  spirit.  Pontiac  lost  his  life  by 
the  hands  of  one  of  the  braves  of  the  Illinois  tribe,  which  so  enraged 
the  nations  that  had  followed  him  as  their  leader  that  they  fell  upon 
the   Illinois  to  avenge  his  death,  and   almost   annihilated    them. 

STARVED     ROCK. 

Tradition  states  that  a  band  of  this  tribe,  in  order  to  escape  the 
general  slaughter,  took  refuge  upon  the  high  rock  on  the  Illinois 


24  HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS. 

river  since  known  as  Starved  Rock.  Nature  has  made  this  one  of 
the  most  formidable  militarj'  fortresses  in  the  world.  From  the 
waters  which  wash  its  base  it  rises  to  an  altitude  of  125  feet.  Three 
of  its  sides  it  is  impossible  to  scale,  while  the  one  next  to  the  land 
may  be  climbed  with  difficulty.  From  its  summit,  almost  as  inac- 
cessible as  an  eagle's  nest,  the  valley  of  the  Illinois  is  seen  as 
a  landscape  of  exquisite  beauty.  The  river  near  by  struggles 
between  a  number  of  wooded  islands,  while  further  below  it  quietly 
meanders  through  vast  meadows  till  it  disappears  like  a  thread  of 
liirht  in  the  dim  distance.  On  the  summit  of  this  rock  the  Illinois 
were  besieged  by  a  superior  force  of  the  Pottawatomies  whom  the 
great  strength  of  their  natural  fortress  enabled  them  to  keep  at  bay. 
Hunger  and  thirst,  however,  soon  accomplished  what  the  enemy 
was  unable  to  effect.  Surrounded  b}'  a  relentless  foe,  without  food 
or  water,  they  took  a  last  look  at  their  beautiful  hunting  grounds, 
and  with  true  Indian  fortitude  lay  down  and  died  from  starvation. 
Years  afterward  their  bones  were  seen  whitening  in  that  place. 

At  the  beginning  of  the  present  century  the  remnants  of  this 
once  powerful  confederacy  were  forced  into  a  small  compass  around 
Kaskaskia.  A  few  years  later  they  emigrated  to  the  Southwest, 
and  in  1850  they  were  in  Indian  Territory,  and  numbered  but  84 
persons. 

SACS   AND    FOXES. 

The  Sacs  and  Foxes,  who  figured  most  conspicuously  in  the  later 
history  of  Illinois,  inhabited  the  northwestern  portion  of  the  State. 
By  long  residence  together  and  intermarriage  they  had  substan- 
tiall}'  become  one  people.  Drake,  in  his  "Life  of  Black  Hawk," 
speaks  of  these  tribes  as  follows :  "  The  Sacs  and  Foxes  fought  their 
way  from  the  waters  of  the  St.  Lawrence  to  Green  Bay,  and  after 
reaching  that  place,  not  only  sustained  themselves  against  hostile 
tribes,  but  were  the  most  active  and  courageous  in  the  subjugation, 
or  rather  the  extermination,  of  the  numerous  and  powerful  Illinois 
confederacy.  They  had  many  wars,  offensive  and  defensive,  with 
the  Sioux,  the  Pawnees,  the  Osages,  and  other  tribes,  some  of  which 
are  ranked  among  the  most  fierce  and  ferocious  warriors  of  the 
whole  continent;  and  it  does  not  appear  that  in  these  conflicts,  run- 
ning through  a  long  period  of  years,  they  were  found  wanting  in 
this,  the  greatest  of  all  savage  virtues.  In  the  late  war  with  Great 
Britain,  a  party  of  the  Sacs  and  Foxes  fought  under  the  British 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  27 

standard  as  a  matter  of  choice;  and  in  the  recent  contest  between  a 
fragment  of  these  tribes  and  the  United  States,  although  defeated 
and  literally  cut  to  pieces  by  an  overwhelming  force,  it  is  very 
questionable  whether  their  reputation  as  braves  would  suffer  by  a 
comparison  with  that  of  their  victors.  It  is  believed  that  a  careful 
review  of  their  history,  from  the  period  when  they  tirst  established 
themselves  on  the  waters  of  the  Mississippi  down  to  the  present 
time,  will  lead  the  inquirer  to  the  conclusion  that  the  Sacs  and 
Foxes  were  truly  a  courageous  people,  shrewd,  politic,  and  enter- 
prising, with  no  more  ferocity  and  treachery  of  character  than  is 
common  among  the  tribes  by  whom  they  were  surrounded,"  These 
tribes  at  the  time  of  the  Black  Hawk  War  were  divided  into  twenty 
families,  twelve  of  which  were  Sacs  and  eight  Foxes.  The  follow- 
ing were  other  prominent  tribes  occupying  Illinois:  the  Kickapoos, 
Shawnees,  Mascoulius,  Piaukishaws,  Pottawatomies,  Chippewas, 
and  Ottawas. 

MANNERS    AND    CUSTOMS. 

The  art  of  hunting  not  only  supplied  the  Indian  with  food,  but, 
like  that  of  war,  was  a  means  of  gratifying  his  love  of  distinction. 
The  male  children,  as  soon  as  they  acquired  sufficient  age  and 
strens:th,  were  furnished  with  a  bow  and  arrow  and  tauo-ht  to  shoot 
birds  and  other  small  game.  Success  in  killing  large  quadrupeds 
required  years  of  careful  study  and  practice,  and  the  art  was  as 
sedulously  inculcated  in  the  minds  of  the  rising  generation  as  are 
the  elements  of  reading,  writing  and  arithmetic  in  the  common 
schools  of  civilized  communities.  The  mazes  of  the  forest  and  the 
dense,  tall  grass  of  the  prairies  were  the  best  fields  for  the  exercise 
of  the  hunter's  skill.  No  feet  could  be  impressed  in  the  jnelding 
soil  but  that  the  tracks  were  the  objects  of  the  most  searching 
scrutiny,  and  revealed  at  a  glance  the  animal  that  made  them,  the 
direction  it  was  pursuing,  and  the  time  that  had  elapsed  since  it 
had  passed.  In  a  forest  country  he  selected  the  valleys,  because 
they  were  most  frequently  the  resort  of  game.  The  most  easily 
taken,  perhaps,  of  all  the  aiiimals  of  the  chase  was  the  deer.  It  is 
endowed  with  a  curiosity  which  prompts  it  to  stop  in  its  flight  and 
look  back  at  the  approaching  hunter,  who  always  avails  himself  of 
this  opportunity  to  let  fly  the  fatal  arrow. 

Their  general  councils  were  composed  of  the  chiefs  and  old  men. 
When  in  council,  they  usually  sat  in  concentric  circles  around  the 


28  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

speaker,  and  each  individual,  notwithstanding  the  fiery  passions 
that  rankled  within,  preserved  an  exterior  as  immovable  as  if  cast 
in  bronze.  Before  commencing  business  a  person  appeared  with 
the  sacred  pipe,  and  another  with  fire  to  kindle  it.  After  being 
lighted,  it  was  first  presented  to  heaven,  secondly  to  the  earth, 
thirdly  to  the  presiding  spirit,  and  lastly  the  several  councilors, 
each  of  whom  took  a  whiff.  Tnese  formalities  were  observed  with 
as  close  exactness  as  state  etiquette  in  civilized  courts. 

The  dwellings  of  the  Indians  were  of  the  simplest  and  rudest 
character.  On  some  pleasant  spot  by  the  bank  of  a  river,  or  near 
an  ever-running  spring,  they  raised  their  groups  of  wigwams,  con- 
structed of  the  bark  of  trees,  and  easily  taken  down  and  removed 
to  another  spot.  The  dwelling-places  of  the  chiefs  were  sometimes 
more  spacious,  and  constructed  with  greater  care,  but  of  the  same 
materials.  Skins  taken  in  the  chase  served  them  for  repose. 
Though  principally  dependent  upon  hunting  and  fishing,  the 
uncertain  supply  from  those  sources  led  them  to  cultivate  small 
patches  of  corn.  Every  family  did  everything  necessary  within 
itself,  commerce,  or  an  interchangeof  articles,  being  almost  unknown 
to  them.  In  cases  of  dispute  and  dissension,  each  Indian  relied 
upon  himself  i')v  retaliation.  Blood  for  blood  was  the  rule,  and 
the  relatives  of  the  slain  man  were  bound  to  obtain  bloody  revenge 
for  his  death.  This  principle  gave  rise,  as  a  matter  of  course,  to 
innumerable  and  bitter  feuds,  and  wars  of  extermination  where  such 
were  possible.  War,  indeed,  rather  than  peace,  was  the  InJian's 
glory  and  delight, — war,  not  conducted  as  civilization,  but  war 
where  individual  skill,  endurance,  gallantry  and  cruelty  were  prime 
requisites.  For  such  a  purpose  as  revenge  the  Indian  would  make 
great  sacrifices,  and  display  a  patience  and  perseverance  truly  heroic; 
but  when  the  excitement  was  over,  he  sank  back  into  a  listless,  un- 
occupied, well-nigh  useless  savage.  During  the  intervals  of  his 
more  exciting  pursuits,  the  Indian  employed  his  time  in  decorating 
his  .person  with  all  tlie  refinement  of  paint  and  feathers,  and  in  the 
manufacture  of  his  arms  and  of  canoes.  These  were  constructed  of 
bark,  and  so  light  that  they  could  easilj'  be  carried  on  the  shoulder 
from  stream  to  stream.  His  amusements  were  the  war-dance,  ath- 
letic games,  the  narration  of  his  exploits,  and  listening  to  the  ora- 
tory of  the  chiefs;  but  during  long  periods  of  such  existence  he 
remained  in  a  state  of  torpor,  gazing  listlessly  upon  the  trees  of 
the  forests  and  the  clouds  that  sailed  above  them;  and  this  vacancy 


HISTOEY    OF    ILLINOIS.  29 

imprinted  an  habitual  gravity,  and  even  melancholy,  upon  his  gen- 
eral deportment. 

The  main  labor  and  drudgery  of  Indian  communities  fell  upon 
the  women.  The  planting,  tending  and  gathering  of  the  crops, 
making  mats  and  baskets,  carrying  burdens,— in  fact,  all  things  of 
the  kind  were  performed  by  them,  thus  making  their  condition  but 
little  better  than  that  of  slaves.  Marriage  was  merely  a  matter  of 
bargain  and  sale,  the  husband  giving  presents  to  the  father  of  the 
bride.  In  general  they  had  but  few  children.  They  were  sub- 
jected to  many  and  severe  attacks  of  sickness,  and  at  times  famine 
and  pestilence  swept  away  whole  tribes. 

SINGLE-HANDED    COMBAT    WITH    INDIANS. 

The  most  desperate  single-handed  combat  with  Indians  ever 
fought  on  the  soil  of  Illinois  was  that  of  Tom  Iliggins,  August  21, 
1814.  Higgins  was  25  years  old,  of  a  muscular  and  compact 
build,  not  tall,  but  strong  and  active.  In  danger  he  possessed  a 
quick  and  discerning  judgment,  and  was  without  fear.  He  was  a 
member  of  Journey's  rangers,  consisting  of  eleven  men,  stationed 
at  Hill's  Fort,  eight  miles  southwest  of  the  present  Greenville,  Put- 
nam county.  Discovering  Indian  signs  near  the  fort,  the  company, 
early  the  following  morning,  started  on  the  trail.  They  had  not 
gone  far  before  they  were  in  an  ambuscade  of  a  larger  party.  At 
the  first  fire  their  commander.  Journey,  and  three  men  fell,  and 
six  reti'eated  to  the  fort;  but  Higgins  stopped  to  "have  another 
pull  at  the  red-skins,"  and,  taking  deliberate  aim  at  a  straggling 
savage,  shot  him  do^vn.  Higgins'  horse  had  been  wounded  at  the 
first  fire,  as  he  supposed,  mortally.  Coming  to,  he  was  about  to 
effect  his  escape,  when  the  familiar  voice  of  Burgess  hailed  him 
from  the  long  grass,  "Tom,  don't  leave  me."  Higgins  told  him  to 
come  along,  but  Burgess  replied  that  his  leg  was  smashed.  Hig- 
gins attempted  to  raise  him  on  his  horse,  but  the  animal  took  fright 
and  ran  away.  Higgins  then  directed  Burgess  to  limp  off"  as  well 
as  he  could;  and  by  crawling  through  the  grass  he  reached  the  fort 
while  the  former  loaded  his  gun  and  remained  behind  io  protect 
him  against  the  pursuing  enemy.  When  Burgess  was  well  out  of 
the  way,  Higgins  took  another  route,  which  led  by  a  small  thicket, 
to  throw  any  wandering  enemy  off  the  trail.  Here  he  was  con- 
fronted by  three  savages  approaching.  He  ran  to  a  little  ravine 
near  for  shelter,  but  in  the  efibrt  discovered  for  the  first  time  tha,t. 


30  HISTOEY    OF   ILLINOIS. 

he  was  badly  wounded  in  the  ]eg.  He  was  closely  pressed  by  the 
largest,  a  powerful  Indian,  who  lodged  a  ball  in  his  thigh.  He  fell, 
but  instantly  rose  again,  only,  however,  to  draw  the  fire  of  the  other 
two,  and  again  fell  wounded.  The  Indians  now  advanced  upon  him 
with  their  tomahawks  and  scalping  knives;  but  as  he  presented  his 
gun  first  at  one,  then  at  another,  from  his  place  in  the  ravine,  each 
wavered  in  his  purpose.  Neither  party  had  time  to  load,  and  the 
large  Indian,  supposing  finally  that  Iliggins'  gun  was  empty,  rushed 
forward  with  uplifted  tomahawk  and  a  yell;  but  as  he  came  near 
enough,  was  shot  down.  At  this  the  others  raised  the  war-whoop, 
and  rushed  upon  the  wounded  Higgins,  and  now  a  hand-to-hand 
conflict  ensued.  Thev  darted  at  him  with  their  knives  time  and 
again,  inflicting  many  ghastly  flesh-wounds,  which  bled  profusely. 
One  of  the  assailants  threw  his  tomahawk  at  him  with  such  pre- 
cision as  to  sever  his  ear  and  lay  bare  his  skull,  knocking  him  down. 
They  now  rushed  in  on  him,  but  he  kicked  them  ofi',  and  grasping 
one  of  their  spears  thrust  at  him,  was  raised  up  by  it.  He  quickly 
seized  his  gun,  and  by  a  powerful  blow  crushed  in  the  skull  of  one, 
but  broke  his  rifle.  His  remaining  antagonist  still  kept  up  the  con- 
test, making  thrusts  with  his  knife  at  the  bleeding  and  exhausted 
Higgins,  which  he  parried  with  his  broken  gun  as  well  as  he  could. 
Most  of  this  desperate  engagement  was  in  plain  view  of  the  fort; 
but  the  rangers,  having  been  in  one  ambuscade,  saw  in  this  fight 
only  a  ruse  to  draw  out  the  balance  of  the  garrison.  But  a  Mrs. 
Pursely,  residing  at  the  fort,  no  longer  able  to  see  so  brave  a  man 
contend  for  his  life  unaided,  seized  a  gun,  mounted  a  horse,  and 
started  to  his  rescue.  At  this  the  men  took  courage  and  hastened 
along.  The  Indian,  seeing  aid  comii.g,  fled.  Higgins,  being  near- 
ly hacked  to  pieces,  fainted  from  loss  of  blood.  He  was  carried  to 
the  fort.  There  being  no  surgeon,  his  comrades  cut  two  balls  from 
his  flesh;  others  remained  in.  For  days  his  life  was  despaired  of; 
but  by  tender  nursing  he  ultimately  regained  his  health,  although 
badly  crippled.  He  resided  in  Fayette  county  for  many  years  after, 
and  died  in  1829. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  31 


EARLY  DISCOVERIES 


NICHOLAS     PERKOT. 


The  first  white  nuiii  who  ever  set  foot  on  the  soil  ernhraced  within 
the  boundary  of  tlie  present  populous  State  of  Illinois  was  Nicli- 
olas  Perrot,  a  Frenchman.  He  was  sent  to  Chicago  in  the  year  1671 
by  M.  Talon,  Intendant  of  Canada,  for  the  purpose  of  inviting  the 
Western  Indians  to  a  great  peace  convention  to  be  held  at  Green 
Bay.  This  convention  had  for  its  chief  object  the  promulgation  of 
a  plan  for  the  discovery  of  the  Mississippi  river.  This  great  river 
had  been  discovered  by  De  Soto,  the  Spanish  explorer,  nearly  one 
hundred  and  fifty  years  previously,  but  his  nation  left  the  country 
a  wilderness,  without  further  exploration  or  settlement  within  its 
borders,  in  which  condition  it  remained  until  the  river  was  dis- 
covered by  Joliet  and  Marquette  in  1673.  It  was  deemed  a  wise 
policy  to  secure,  as  far  as  possible,  the  friendship  and  co-operation 
of  the  Indians,  far  and  near,  before  venturing  upon  an  enterprise 
which  their  hostility  might  render  disastrous.  Thus  the  great  con- 
vention was  called. 

JOLIET     AND     MARQUETTE. 

Although  Perrot  was  the  first  European  to  visit  Illinois,  he  was 
not  the  first  to  make  any  important  discoveries.  Tliis  was  left  for 
Joliet  and  Marquette,  which  they  accomplished  two  years  thereafter. 
The  former,  Louis  Joliet,  was"born  at  Quebec  in  161:5.  He  was 
educated  for  the  clerical  profession,  but  he  abandoned  it  to 
engage  in  the  fur  trade.  His  companion.  Father  Jacques  Mai'- 
quette,  was  a  native  of  France,  born  in  1637.  He  was  a  Jesuit 
priest  by  education,  and  a  man  of  simple  faith  and  great  zeal  and 
devotion  in  extending  the  Roman  Catholic  religion  among  the  In- 
dians. He  was  sent  to  America  in  1666  as  a  missionary.  To  con- 
vert the  Indians  he  penetrated  the  wilderness  a  thousand  miles 
in  advance  of  civilization,  and  bv  his  kind  attention  in  their  afflic- 
tions  he  won  their  affections  and  made  them  his  lasting  friends. 
There  were  others,  however,  who  visited  Illinois  even  prior  to  the 
famous  exploration  of  Joliet  and  Marquette.     In  1672  the  Jesuit 


32  HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS. 

missionaries,  Fathers  Claude  Allouez  and  Claude  Dablon,  bore  the 
standard  of  the  Cross  from  their  mission  at  Green  Bay  through 
western  Wisconsin  and  northern  Illinois. 

According  to  the  pre-arranged  plan  referred  to  above,  at  the  Jes- 
uit mission  on  the  Strait  of  Mackinaw,  Joliet  joined  Marquette, 
and  with  five  other  Frenchmen  and  a  simple  outfit  the  daring  ex- 
plorers on  the  ITtli  of  Maj,  1673,  set  out  on  their  perilous  vojao-e 
to  discover  the  MississijDpi.  Coasting  along  the  northern  shore  of 
Lake  Michigan,  they  entered  Green  Bay,  and  passed  thence  up  Fox 
river  and  Lake  Winnebago  to  a  village  of  the  Muscatines  and 
Miamis,  where  great  interest  was  taken  in  the  expedition  by  the 
natives.  With  guides  they  proceeded  down  the  river.  Arriving 
at  the  portage,  they  soon  carried  their  light  canoes  and  scanty  bag- 
gage to  the  Wisconsin,  about  three  miles  distant.  Their  guides 
now  refused  to  accompany  them  farther,  and  endeavored,  by  re- 
citing the  dangers  incident  to  the  voyage,  to  induce  them  to  return. 
They  stated  that  huge  demons  dwelt  in  the  great  river,  whose  voices 
could  be  heard  a  long  distance,  and  who  engulfed  in  the  raging 
waters  all  who  came  within  their  reach.  They  also  represented  that 
if  any  of  them  should  escape  the  dangers  of  the  river,  fierce  tribes  of 
Indians  dwelt  upon  its  banks  ready  to  complete  the  work  of  de- 
struction. They  proceeded  on  their  journey,  however,  and  on  the 
17th  of  June  pushed  their  frail  barks  on  the  bosom  of  the  stately 
Mississippi,  dawn  which  they  smoothly  glided  for  nearly  a  hundred 
miles.  Here  Joliet  and  Marquette,  leaving  their  canoes  in  charge 
of  their  men,  went  on  the  western  shore,  where  they  discovered  an 
Indian  village,  and  were  kindly  treated.  They  journeyed  on  down 
the  unknown  river,  passing  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois,  then  run- 
ning into  the  current  of  the  muddy  Missouri,  and  afterwaid  the 
waters  of  the  Ohio  joined  with  them  on  their  journey  southward. 
Near  the  mouth  of  the  Arkansas  they  discovered  Indians  who 
showed  signs  of  hostility;  but  when  Marquette's  mission  of  peace 
was  made  known  to  them,  they  were  kindly  received.  After  pro- 
ceeding up  the  Arkansas  a  short  distance,  at  the  advice  of  the 
natives  tlley  turned  their  faces  northward  to  retrace  their  steps.  Af- 
ter several  weeks  of  hard  toil  they  reached  the  Illinois,  up  which 
stream  they  proceeded  to  Lake  Michigan.  Following  the  western 
shore  of  the  lake,  they  entered  Green  Bay  the  latter  part  of  Sep- 
tember, having  traveled  a  distance  of  2,500  miles. 


HI8T0KY    OF   ILLINOIS.  33 

On  his  way  np  the  Illinois,  Marquette  visited  the  Kaskaskias, 
near  what  is  now  Utica,  in  LaSalle  county.  The  following  vear 
he  returned  and  established  anion^  them  the  mission  of  the  Im- 
maculate Virgin  Mary.  This  was  the  last  act  of  his  life.  He  died 
in  Michigan,  May  18,  1675. 

lasalle's  explorations. 

The  first  French  occupation  of  Illinois  was  effected  by  LaSalle, 
in  1680.     Having  constructed  a  veesel,  the  "  Griffin,"  above  the 
falls  of  Niagara,  he  sailed  to  Green   Bay,  and  passed  thence  in 
canoe  to  the  mouth  of  the  St.  Joseph  river,  by  which  and  the  Kan- 
kakee he  reached  the  Illinois  in  January,  1680;  and  on  the  3d  he 
entered  the  expansion  of  the  river  now  called  Peoria  lake.     Here, 
at  the  lower  end  of  the  lake,  on  its  eastern  bank,  now  in  Tazewell 
'   county,  he  erected  Fort  Crevecoeur.     The  place  where  this  ancient 
fort  stood  may  still  be  seen  just  below  the  outlet  of  Peoria  lake.  It 
had,  however,  but  a  temporary  existence.    From  this  point  LaSalle 
determined,  at  that  time,  to  descend  the  Mississippi  to  its  mouth. 
This  he  did  not  do,  however,  until  two  years  later.     Returning  to 
Fort  Frontenac  for  the  purpose  of  getting  material  with  which  to 
rig  his  vessel,  he  left  the  fort  at  Peoria  in  charge  of  his  lieutenant, 
Henri  Tonti,  an   Italian,  who  had  lost  one  of   his  hands  by  the 
explosion  of  a  grenade  in  the  Sicilian  wars.     Tonti  had  with  him 
fifteen  men,  most  of  whom  disliked  LaSalle,  and  were  ripe  for  a 
revolt  the  first  opportunity.  Two  men  who  had,  previous  to  LaSalle's 
departure,  been  sent  to  look  for  the  "  Giiffin  "  now  returned  and 
reported  that  the  vessel  was  lost  and  that  Fort  Frontenac  was  in 
the  hands  of  LaSalle's  creditors.      This  disheartening  intelligence 
had  the  effect  to  enkindle  a  spirit  of  mutiny  among  the  garrison. 
Tonti  had  no  sooner  left  the  fort,  with  a  few  men,  to  fortify  what 
was   afterward  known  as  Starved  Pock,  than  the  garrison  at  the 
fort  refused  longer  to  submit  to  authority.     They  destroyed  the 
fort,  seized  the  ammunition,  provisions,  and  other  portables  of  value, 
and  fied.     Only  two  of  their  number  remained  true.     These  hast- 
ened to  apprise  Tonti  of  what  had  occurred.     He  thereupon  sent 
four  of  the  men  with  him  to  inform  LaSalle.      Thus  was  Tonti  in 
the  midst  of  treacherous  savages,  with  only  five  men,  two  of  whom 
were  the  friars  Pibourde  and  Membre.    With  these  he  immediately 
returned  to  the  fort,  collected  what  tools  had  not  been  destroyed, 
and  conveyed  theui  to  the  great  town  of  the   Illinois  Indians. 


34  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

By  this  voluntary  display  of  confidence  he  hoped  to  remove  the 
jealousy  created  in  the  minds  of  the  Illinois  by  the  enemies  of  La- 
Salle.     Here  he  awaited,  unmolested,  the  return  of  LaSalle. 

GREAT     BATTLE     OF     THE     ILLINOIS. 

!N^either  Tonti  nor  his  wild  associates  suspected  that  hordes  of  Iro- 
quois   were   gathering    preparatory    to    rushing  down   upon  their 
country  and  reducing  it  to  an  uninhabited  waste.     Already  these 
hell-hounds  of  the  wilderness  had  destroyed  the  Hurons,  Eries,  and 
other  natives  on  the  lakes,  and  wei-e  now  directing  their  attention 
to  the  Illinois  for  new  victims.     Five  hundred  Iroquois  warriors 
Bet  out  for  the  home  of  the  Illinois.     All  was  fancied  security  and 
idle  repose  in  the  great  town 'of  this  tribe,  as  the  enemy  stealthily 
approached.     Suddenly  as  a  clap  of  thunder  from  a  cloudless  sky 
the   listless  inhabitants   were  awakened  from  their  lethar^v.     A 
Shawnee  Indian,  on  his  return  home  after  a  visit  to  the  Illinois, 
first  discovered  the  invaders.     To  save  his  friends  from   the  im- 
pending danger,  he  hurriedly  returned  and  apprised  th^m  of  the 
coming  enemy.     This  intelligence  spread  with  lightning  rapidity 
over  the  town,  and  each  wigwam  disofors^ed  its  boisterous  and  as- 
tonnded  inmates.    Women  snatched  their  children,  and  in  a  delirium 
of  f.ight  wandered  aimlessly  about,   rending  the  air  with   their 
screams.     The  men,  more  self-possessed,  seized  their  arms  ready 
for  the  coming  fray.     Tonti,  long  an  object  of  suspicion,  was  soon 
surrounded  by  an  angry  crowd  of  warriors,  who  accused  him  of  be- 
ing an  emissary  of  the  enemy.     His  inability  to   defend  himself 
properly,  in  consequence  of  not  fully  understanding  their  language 
left  them  still  inclined  to  believe  him  guilty,  and  they  seized  his 
effects  from  the  fort  and  threw  them  into  the  river.     The  women 
and  children  were  sent  down  the  river  for  safety,  and  the  wai  riors, 
not  exceeding  four  hundred,  as  most  of  their  young  men  were  ofi" 
huntino:,  returned  to  the  villaofe.     Alon^  the  shores  of  the  river 
they  kindled  huge  bonfires,  and  spent  the  entire  night  in  greasing 
their  bodies,  painting  their  faces,  and  performing  the  war-dance, 
to  prepare  for  the  approaching  enemy.     At  early  dawn  the  scouts 
who  had  been  sent  out  returned,  closely  followed  by  the  Iroquois. 
The  scouts  had  seen  a  chief  arrayed  in  French  costume,  and  re- 
ported their  suspicions  that  LaSalle  was  in  the  camp  of  the  enemy, 
and  Tonti  again  became  an  object  of  jealousy.     A  concourse  of 
wildly  gesticulating  savages  immediately  gathered  about  him,  de- 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  35 

manding  his  life,  and  nothing  saved  him  from,  their  uplifted  weap- 
ons hut  a  promise  that  he  and  his  men  would  go  with  them  to  meet 
the  enemy.     With  their  suspicions  partly  lulled,  they  hurriedly 
crossed  the  river  and  met  the  foe,  when  both  commenced  firing. 
Toiiti,  seeino-  that   the  Illinois  were  outnumbered  and   likely  to 
be  defeated,  determined,  at  the  imminent  risk  of  liis  life,  to  stay 
the  fio-ht  by  an  attempt  at  mediation.     Presuming  on  the  treaty  of 
peace  then  existing  between  the  French  and  Iroquois,  he  exchanged 
his  gun  for  a  belt  of  wampum  and  advanced  to  meet  the  savage 
multitude,  attended  by  three  companions,  who,  being  unnecessarily 
exposed  to  danger,  were  dismissed,  and   he  proceeded  alone.     A 
short  walk  brought  him  in  the  midst  of  a  pack  of  yelping  devils, 
writhing  and  distorted  with  fiendish  rage,  and  impatient  to  shed 
his  blood.     As  the  result  of  his  swarthy  Italian  complexion  and 
half-savage  costume,  he  was  at  first  taken  for  an  Indian,  and  before 
the  mistake  was  discovered  a  young  warrior  approached  and  stabbed 
at  his  heart.     Fortunately  the  blade  was  turned  aside  by  coming 
in  contact  with  a  rib,  yet  a  large  fiesh  wound  was  inflicted,  which 
bled  profusely.     At  this  juncture  a  chief  discovered  his  true  char- 
acter,  and  he  was  led  to  the  rear  and  efibrts  were  made  to  staunch 
his  wound.     When  sufficiently  recovered,  he  declared  the  Illinois 
were  under  the  protection  of  the  French,  and  demanded,  in  consid- 
eration of  the  treaty  between  the  latter  and  the  Iroquois,  that  they 
should  be  suffered  to  remain  without  further  molestation.     Durino- 
this  conference  a  young  warrior  snatched  Tonti's  hat,  and,  fleeing 
with  it  to  the  front,  held  it  aloft  on  the  end  of  his  gun  in  view  of 
the  Illinois.       The  latter,    judging   that   Tonti  had   been  killed, 
renewed  the  figrht  with  great  vio^or.     Simultaneouslv,  intellio^ence 
was  brought  to  the  Iroquois  that  Frenchmen  were  assisting  their 
enemies  in  the  fight,  when   the  contest  over  Tonti  was  renewed 
with  redoubled  fury.    Some  declared  that  he  should  be  immediately 
put  to  death,  while  others,  friendly  to  LaSalle,  with  equal  earnest- 
ness demanded  that   he   should  be  set  at  liberty.     During  their 
clamorous  debate,  his  hair  was  several  times  lifted  by  a  Imge  sav- 
age who  stood  at  his  back  with  a  scalping  knife  ready  for  execution. 
Tonti  at  length  turned  the  current  of  the  angry  controversy  in  hie 
favor,  by  stating  that  the  Illinois  were  1,200  strong,  and  that  there 
were  60  Frenchmen  at  the  village  ready  to  assist  them.    This  state- 
ment obtained  at  least  a  partial  credence,  and  his  tornientors  now 


36  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

determined  to  use  him  as  an  instrument  to  delude  the  Illinois  with  a 
pretended  truce.  The  old  warriors,  therefore,  advanced  to  the  front 
and  ordered  the  firing  to  cease,  while  Tonti,  dizzy  from  the  loss  of 
blood,  was  furnished  with  an  emblem  of  peace  and  sent  staggering 
across  the  plain  to  rejoin  the  Illinois.     The  two  friars  who  had  just 
returned  from  a  distant  hut,  whither  they  had  repaired  for  prayer 
and  meditation,  were  the  first  to  meet  him  and  bless  God  for  what 
they  regarded  as  a  miraculous  deliverance.     With  the  assurance 
brought  by  Tonti,  the  Illinois  re-crossed  the  river  to  their  lodges, 
followed  by  the  enemy  as  far  as  the  opposite  bank.    Not  long  after, 
large  numbers  of  the  latter,  under  the  pretext  of  hunting,  also  crossed 
the  river  and  hung  in  threatening  groups  about  the    town.  These 
hostile  indications,  and  the  well-known  disregard  which  the  Iroquois 
had  always  evinced  for  their  pledges,  soon  convinced  the  Illinois 
that  their  only  safety  was  in  flight.     With  this  conviction  they  set 
fire  to  their  village,  and  while  the  vast  volume  of  flames  and  smoke 
diverted  the  attention  of  the  enemy,  they  quietly  dropped  down  the 
river  to  join  their  women  and  children.  As  soon  as  the  flames  would 
permit,  the  Iroquois  entrenched  themselves  on  the  site  of  the  vil- 
lage.    Tonti  and  his  men  were  ordered  by  the  suspicious  savages 
to  leave  their  hut  and  take  up  their  abode  in  the  fort. 

At  first  the  Iroquois  were  much  elated  at  the  discomfiture  of  the 
Illinois,  but  when  two  days  afterward  they  discovered  them  recon- 
noitering  their  intrenchments,  their  courage  greatly  subsided. 
With  fear  they  recalled  the  exaggerations  of  Tonti  respecting  their 
numbers,  and  concluded  to  send  him  with  a  hostage  to  make  over- 
tures of  peace.  He  and  his  hostage  were  received  with  delight  by 
the  Illinois,  who  readily  assented  to  the  proposal  which  he  brought, 
and  in  turn  sent  back  with  him  a  hostage  to  the  Iroquois.  On  his 
return  to  the  fort  his  life  was  again  placed  in  jeopardy,  and  the 
treaty  was  with  great  difficulty  ratified.  The  young  and  inexpe- 
rienced Illinois  hostage  betrayed  to  his  crafty  interviewers  the  nu- 
merical weakness  of  his  tribe,  and  the  savages  immediately  rushed 
upon  Tonti,  and  charged  him  with  having  deprived  them  of  the  spoils 
and  honors  of  victory.  It  now  required  all  the  tact  of  which  he  was 
master  to  escape.  After  much  difficulty  however,  the  treaty  was  con- 
cluded, but  the  savages,  to  show  their  contempt  for  it,  immediately 
commenced  constructing  canoes  in  which  to  descend  the  river  and 
attack  the  Illinois. 


AN  IROQUOIS  CHIEF. 


LitiiiAifir 

OF  THE 

UMVIRSITY  OF  ILLINOIS. 


aiSTOKY    OI*    ILLINOIS.  39 


FRENCHMEN     DRIVEN     AWAY. 


Tonti  managed  to  apprise  the  latter  of  their  designs,  and  he  and 
Membre  were  soon  after  summoned  to  attend  a  council  of  the  Iro- 
quois, who  still  labored  under  a  wholesome  fear  of  Count  Frontenac, 
and  disliking  to  attack  the  Illinois  in  the  presence  of  the  French, 
thej  thought  to  try  to  induce  them  to  leave  the  country.  At  the 
assembling  of  the  council,  six  packages  of  beaver  skins  were  intro- 
duced,  and  the  savage  orator,  presenting  them  separately  to  Tonti, 
explained  the  nature  of  each.  "The  first  two,"  said  he,  "were  to  de- 
clare that  the  children  of  Count  Frontenac,  that  is,  the  Illinois, 
should  not  be  es-ten;  the  next  was  a  plaster  to  heal  the  wounds  of 
Tonti;  the  next  was  oil  wherewith  to  anoint  him  and  Membre, 
that  they  might  not  be  fatigued  in  traveling;  the  next  proclaimed 
that  the  sun  was  bright;  and  the  sixth  and  last  required  them  to 
decamp  and  go  home." 

At  the  mention  of  going  home,  Tonti  demanded  of  them  when 
they  intended  to  set  the  example  by  leaving  the  Illinois  in  the 
peaceable  possession  of  their  country,  which  they  had  so  unjustly  in- 
vaded. The  council  grew  boisterous  and  angry  at  the  idea  that 
they  should  be  demanded  to  do  what  they  required  of  the  French, 
and  some  of  its  members,  forgetting  their  previous  pledge,  declared 
that  they  would  "eat  Illinois  flesh  before  they  departed."  Tonti,  in 
imitation  of  the  Indians'  manner  of  expressing  scorn,  indignantly 
kicked  away  the  presents,  of  fur,  saying,  since  they  intended  to  de- 
vour the  children  of  Frontenac  with  cannibal  ferocity,  he  would  not 
accept  their  gifts.  This  stern  rebuke  resulted  in  the  expulsion  of 
Tonti  and  his  companion  froai  the  council,  and  the  next  day  the 
chiefs  ordered  them  to  leave  the  country. 

Tonti  had  now,  at  the  great  peril  of  his  life,  tried  every  expedient 
to  prevent  the  slaughter  of  the  Illinois.  There  was  little  to  bo  ac- 
complished by  longer  remaining  in  the  country,  and  as  longer  delay 
might  imperil  the  lives  of  his  own  men,  he  determined  to  depart,  not 
knowing  where  or  when  he  would  be  able  to  rejoin  LaSalle.  With 
this  object  in  view,  the  party,  consisting  of  six  persons,  embarked  in 
canoes,  which  soon  proved  leaky,  and  they  were  compelled  to  land 
for  the  purpose  of  making  repairs.  While  thus  employed,  Father  Ri- 
bourde,  attracted  by  the  beauty  of  the  surrounding  landscape,  wan- 
dered f  >rth  among  the  groves  for  meditation  and  prayer.  Not  return- 
ing in  due  time,  Tonti  became  alarmed,  and  started  with  a  compan- 


40  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

ion  to  ascertain  the  cause  of  the  long  delay.  They  soon  discovered 
tracks  of  Indians,  by  whom  it  was  supposed  he  had  been  seized,  and 
guns  were  fired  to  direct  his  return,  in  case  he  was  alive.  Seeing 
nothing  of  him  during  the  day,  at  night  they  built  fires  along  the 
bank  of  the  river  and  retired  to  the  opposite  side,  to  see  who  might 
approach  them.  Near  midnight  a  number  of  Indians  were  seen 
flitting  about  the  light,  by  whom,  no  doubt,  had  been  made  the  tracks 
seen  tlie  previous  day.  It  was  afterward  learned  that  they  were  a 
band  of  Kickapoos,  who  had  for  several  daj'S  been  hovering  about 
the  camp  of  the  Iroquois  in  quest  of  scalps.  They  had  fell  in 
with  the  inoffensive  old  friar  and  scalped  him.  Thus,  in  the  65th 
year  of  his  age,  the  only  heir  to  a  wealthy  Burgundian  house  per- 
ished under  the  war-club  of  the  savages  for  whose  salvation  he  had 
renounced  ease  and  affluence. 

INHUMAN    BUTCHEKY. 

During  this  tragedy  a  far  more  rev^olting  one  was  being  enacted 
in  the  great  town  of  Illinois.  The  Iroquois  were  tearing  open  the 
graves  of  the  dead,  and  wreaking  their  vengeance  upon  the  bodies 
made  hideous  by  putrefaction.  At  this  desecration,  it  is  said,  they 
even  ate  portions  of  the  dead  bodies,  while  subjecting  them  to  every 
indignity  that  brutal  hate  could  inflict.  Still  unsated  by  their  hell- 
ish brutalities,  and  now  unrestrained  by  the  presence  of  the  French, 
they  started  in  pursuit  of  the  retreating  Illinois.  Day  after  day 
they  and  the  opposing  forces  moved  in  compact  array  down  the 
river,  neither  being  able  to  gain  any  advantage  over  the  other.  At 
length  the  Iroquois  obtained  by  falsehood  that  which  number  and 
prowess  denied  them.  They  gave  out  that  their  object  was  to  pos- 
sess the  country,  not  by  destroying,  but  by  driving  out  its  present 
inhabitants.  Deceived  by  this  false  statement,  the  Illinois  separa- 
ted, some  descending  the  Mississippi  and  others  crossing  to  the 
western  shore.  Tlie  Taraaroas,  more  credulous  than  the  rest,  re- 
mained near  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois,  and  were  suddenlv  attacked 
by  an  overwhelming  force  of  the  enemy.  The  men  fled  in  dismay, 
and  the  women  and  children,  to  the  number  of  700,  fell  into  the 
hands  of  the  ferocious  enemy.  Then  followed  the  tortures,  butch- 
eries and  burnings  which  only  the  infuriated  and  imbruted  Iroquois 
could  perpetrate.  LaSalle  on  his  return  discovered  the  half-charred 
bodies  of  women  and  children  still  bound  to  the  stakes  where  they 
had  suffered  all  the  torments  hellish  hate  could  devise.  In  addition 


HISTORY    OF    ILLIXOIS.  41 

to  those  who  had  been  burnt,  the  mangled  bodies  of  women  and 
children  thickly  covered  the  ground,  many  of  which  bore  marks  of 
brutality  too  horrid  for  record. 

After  the  ravenous  horde  had  sufficiently  glutted  their  greed  for 
carnage,  they  retired  from  the  country.  The  Illinois  returned  and 
rebuilt  their  town. 

TONTI     SAFE    AT    GREEN    BAT. 

After  the  death  of  Ribourde,  Tonti  and  his  men  again  resumed 
their  journey.  Soon  again  their  craft  became  disabled,  when  they 
abandoned  it  and  started  on  foot  for  Lake  Michigan,  Their 
supply  of  provisions  soon  became  exhausted,  and  they  were 
compelled  to  subsist  in  a  great  measure  on  roots  and  herbs. 
One  of  their  companions  wandered  off  in  search  of  game,  and  lost 
his  way,  and  several  days  elapsed  before  he  rejoined  them.  In  his 
absence  he  was  without  flints  and  bullets,  yet  contrived  to  shoot 
some^turkeys  by  using  slugs  cut  from  a  pewter  porringer  and  afire- 
brand  to  discharge  his  gun,  Tonti  fell  sick  of  a  fever  and  greatly 
retarded  the  progress  of  the  march.  Nearing  Green  Bay,  the  cold 
increased  and  the  means  of  subsistence  decreased  and  the  party  would 
have  perished  had  they  not  found  a  few  ears  of  corn  and  some  froz- 
en squashes  in  the  fields  of  a  deserted  village,  Near  the  close  of 
j^ovember  they  had  reached  the  Pottawatomies,  who  warmly  greet- 
ed them.  Their  chief  was  an  ardent  admirer  of  the  French,  and 
was  accustomed  to  say:  "  There  were  but  three  great  captains  in  the 
world, — himself,  Tonti  and  LaSalle."  For  the  above  account  of 
Tonti's  encounter  with  tlie  Iroquois,  we  are  indebted  to  Davidson 
and  Stuve's  History  of  Illinois, 

lasalle's   return. 

LaSalle  returned  to  Peoria  only  to  meet  the  hideous  picture  of 
devastation,  Tonti  had  escaped,  but  LaSalle  knew  not  whither.  Pass- 
ing down  the  lake  in  search  of  him  and  his  men,  LaSalle  discov- 
ered that  the  fort  had  been  destroyed;  but  the  vessel  which  he  had 
partly  constructed  was  still  on  the  stocks,  and  but  slightly  injured. 
After  further  fruitless  search  he  fastened  to  a  tree  a  painting  repre- 
senting himself  and  party  sitting  in  a  cxnoe  and  bearing  a  pipe  of 
peace,  and  to  the  painting  attached  a  letter  addressed  to  Tonti. 

LaSalle  was  born  in  France  in  1643,  of  wealthy  parentage,  and  edu- 
cated in  a  college  of  the  Jesuits,  from  which  he  separated  and  came 
to  Canada,"  a  poor  man,  in  1G66.     He  was  a  man  of  daring  genius, 


42  BttSTORT   OF   ILLINOIS. 

and  outstripped  all  his  competitors  in  exploits  of  travel  and  com- 
merce with  the  Indians.     He  was  granted  a  large  tract  of  land  at 
LaChine,  where  he  established  himself  in  the  fur  trade.     In    1669 
he    visited  the  headquarters  of  the  great  Iroquois  confederacy,  at 
Onondaga,   New  York,  and,  obtaining  guides,  explored  the  Ohio 
river  to  the  falls  at  Louisville.     For  many  years  previous,    it  must 
be  remembered,  missionaries  and  traders  were  obliged  to  make  their 
way  to  the  Northwest  through   Canada  on   account  of  the  fierce 
hostility  of  the  Iroquois  along  the  lower  lakes  and  Niagara  river, 
which  entirely  closed  this  latter  route  to  the  upper  lakes.     Thej' 
carried  on  their  commerce  chiefly  by  canoes,  paddling  them  through 
Ottawa  river  to  Lake  Ni pissing,  carrying  them  across  the  portage 
to  French  river,  and  descending  that  to  Lake  Huron.     This  being 
the  route  by  which  they  reached  the  Northwest,  we  have  an  explana- 
tion of  the  fact  that  all  the  earliest  Jesuit  missions  were  established 
in  the    neighborhood  of  tlie  upper  lakes.     LaSalle  conceived  the 
grand  idea  of  opening  the  route  by  Niagara  river  and  the  Tower 
lakes  to  Canada  commerce  by  sail  vessels,  connecting  it  with  the 
navigation  of  the  Mississippi,  and  thus  opening  a  magnificent  water 
communication  from  the  Gulf  of  St.  Lawrence  to  the  Gulf  of  Mex- 
ico.    This  truly  grand  and  comprehensive  purpose  seems  to  have 
animated  him   in   his   wonderful  achievements,  and  the  matchless 
difficulties  and  hardships  he  surmounted.     As  the  first  step  in  the 
accomplishment  of  this  object   he   established   himself  on    Lake 
Ontario,  and  built  and  garrisoned  Fort  Frontenac,  the  site  of  the 
present  city  of  Kingston,  Canada.     Here  he  obtained  a  grant  of 
land  from  the  French  crown,  and  a  body  of  troops,  bv  which  he 
repulsed  the  Iroquois  and  opened  passage  to  Niagara  Falls.     Hav- 
ing by  this  masterly  stroke  made   it  safe  to  attempt  a  hitherto 
untried  expedition,  his  next  step,  as  we  have  seen,  was  to  build  a 
ship  with  which  to  sail  the  lakes.     He  was  successful  in  this  under- 
taking, though  his  ultimate  purpose  was  defeated  by  a  strange  com- 
bination of  untoward  circumstances.     The  Jesuits  evidently  hated 
LaSalle  and  plotted  against  him,  because  he  had  abandoned    them 
and  united  with  a  rival  order.     The  fur  traders  were  also  jealous  of 
his  success  in  opening  new  channels  of  commerce.    While  they  were 
plodding  with  their  bark  canoes  through  the  Ottawa,  he  was  con- 
structino^  sailinof  vessels  to  command  the  trade  of  the  lakes  and  the 
Mississippi.     These  great  plans  excited  the  jealousy  and  envy  of 


aiSTOEY    OF   ILLINOIS.  43 

small  traders,  introduced  treason  and  revolt  into  the  ranks  of  his 
men,  and  linally  led  to  the  foul  assassination  by  whicli  his  great 
achievements  were  permanently  ended. 

lasalle's  assassination. 
Again  visiting  the  Illinois  in  the  year  1682,  LaSalle  de- 
scended the  Mississippi  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico.  He  erected  a 
standard  upon  veliich  he  inscribed  the  arms  of  France,  and  took 
formal  possession  of  the  whole  valley  of  this  mighty  river  in  the 
name  of  Louis  XIV.,  then  reigning,  and  in  honor  of  whom  he  named 
the  country  Louisiana.  LaSalle  then  returned  to  France,  was 
appointed  Governor,  and  returned  with  a  fleet  of  immigrants  for  the 
purpose  of  planting  a  colony  in  Illinois.  They  arrived  in  due  time 
in  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  but  failing  to  find  the  mouth  of  the  Missis- 
sippi, up  which  they  intended  to  sail,  his  supply  ship,  with  the 
immigrants,  was  driven  ashore  and  wrecked  on  Matagorda  Bay. 
With  the  fragments  of  the  vessel  he  constructed  rude  huts  and 
stockades  on  the  shore  for  the  protection  of  his  followers,  calling 
the  post  Fort  St.  Louis.  He  then  made  a  trip  into  New  Mexico 
in  search  of  silver  mines,  but,  meeting  with  disappointment, 
returned  to  find  his  colony  reduced  to  forty  souls.  He  then  resolved 
to  travel  on  foot  to  Illinois.  With  some  twenty  of  his  men  they 
filed  out  of  their  fort  on  the  12th  of  January,  1687,  and  after  the  part- 
ing,— which  was  one  of  sighs,  of  tears,  and  of  embraces,  all  seeming 
intuitively  to  know  that  they  should  see  each  otlier  no  more, — they 
started  on  their  disastrous  journey.  Two  of  the  party,  Du  Ilaut 
and  Leotot,  wlien  on  a  hunting  expedition  in  company  with  a 
nephew  cf  LaSalle,  assassinated  liim  while  asleep.  The  long 
absence  of  his  nephew  caused  LaSalle  to  go  in  search  of  him.  On 
approaching  the  murderers  of  his  nephew,  they  fired  upon  him,  kill- 
ing him  instantly.  They  then  despoiled  the  body  of  its  clothing, 
and  icft  it  to  be  devoured  by  the  wild  beasts  of  the  forest.  Thus, 
at  the  age  of  43,  perished  one  whose  exploits  have  so  greatly 
enriched  the  history  of  the  New  World.  To  estimate  aright  the 
marvels  of  his  patient  fortitude,  one  must  follow  on  his  track 
through  the  vast  scene  of  his  interminable  journeyings,  those  thou- 
sands of  weary  miles  of  forest,  marsh  and  river,  where,  again  and 
again,  in  the  bitterness  of  baffled  striving,  the  untiring  pilgrim 
pushed  onward  toward  the  goal  he  never  was  to  attain.  America 
owes  him  an  enduring  memory;  for  in  this  masculine  figure,  cast 


44  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

in  iron,  she  sees  the  heroic  pioneer  who  guided  her  to  the  possession 
of  her  richest  lieritage. 

Tonti,  who  had  been  stationed  at  the  fort  on  the  Illinois,  learning 
of  LaSalle's  unsuccessful  voyage,  immediately  started  down  the 
Mississippi  to  his  relief.  Reaching  the  Gulf,  lie  found  no  traces  of 
the  colony.  He  then  returned,  leaving  some  of  his  men  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Arkansas.  These  were  discovered  by  the  remnant  of 
LaSalle's  followers,  who  guided  them  to  the  fort  on  the  Illinois, 
where  they  reported  that  LaSalle  was  in  Mexico.  The  little  band 
left  at  Fort  St.  Louis  were  finally  destroyed  by  the  Indians,  and  the 
murderers  of  LaSalle  were  shot.  Thus  ends  the  sad  chapter  of 
Kobert  Cavalier  de  LaSalle's  exploration. 

FEEXCII   OCCLTPATIOK 

FIRST     SETTLEMENTS. 

The  first  mission  in  Illinois,  as  we  have  already  seen,  was  com- 
menced by  Marquette  in  April,  1675.  lie  called  the  religious 
society  which  he  established  the  "  Mission  of  the  Immaculate  Con- 
ception," and  the  town  Kaskaskia.  The  first  military  occupation  of 
the  country  was  at  Fort  Crevecoeur,  erected  in  1680;  but  there  is  no 
evidence  that  a  settlement  was  commenced  there,  or  at  Peoria,  on 
the  lake  above,  at  that  early  date.  The  first  settlement  of  which  there 
is  any  authentic  account  was  commenced  with  the  building  of  Fort 
St,  Louis  on  the  Illinois  river  in  1682;  but  this  was  soon  abandoned. 
The  oldest  permanent  settlement,  not  only  in  Illinois,  but  in  the  val- 
ley of  the  Mississippi,  is  at  Kaskaskia,  situated  six  miles  above  the 
mouth  of  the  Kaskaskia  river.  This  was  settled  in  1690  by  the 
removal  of  the  mission  from  old  Kaskaskia,  or  Ft.  St.  Louis,  on  the 
Illinois  river.  Cahokia  was  settled  about  the  same  time.  The 
reason  for  the  removal  of  the  old  Kaskaskia  settlement  and  mission, 
was  probably  because  the  dangerous  and  difticult  route  by  Lake 
Michigan  and  the  Chicago  portage  had  been  almost  abandoned,  and 
travelers  and  traders  traveled  down  and  up  the  Mississippi  by  the 
Fox  and  Wisconsin  rivers.  It  was  removed  to  the  vicinity  of  the 
Mississippi  in  order  to  be  in  the  line  of  travel  from  Canada  to 
Louirfiana,  that  is,  the  lower  part  of  it,  for  it  was  all  Louisiana  then 
south  of  the  lakes.  Illinois  came  into  possession  of  the  French  in 
1682,  and  was  a  dependency  of  Canada  and  a  part  of  Louisiana. 
During  the  period  of  French  rule  in  Louisiana,  the  population 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  45 

probably  never  exceeded  ten  thousand.      To  the  year  1T30  the  fol- 
lowing five   distinct  settlements  were  made  in    the   territory  of 
Illinois,  numbering,  in  population,  140  French  families,  about  600 
"converted  "  Indians,  and  many  traders;  Cahokia,  near  the  mouth 
of  Cahokia  creek  and  about  five  miles  below  the  present  city  of 
St.  Louis;  St.  Philip,  about  forty-five  miles  below  Cahokia;  Fort 
Chartres,  twelve  miles  above  Kaskaskia;  Kaskaskia,  situated  on  the 
Kaskaskia  river  six  miles  above  its  confluence  with  the  Mississippi, 
and  Prairie  du  Rocher,  near  Fort  Chartres.     Fort  Chartres  was 
built  under  the  direction  of  the  Mississippi  Company  in  1718,  and 
was  for  a  time  the  headquarters  of  the  military  commandants  of 
the  district  of  Illinois,  and  the  most  impregnable  fortress  in  JNorth 
America.     It  was  also  the  center  of  wealth  and  fashion  in  the  West. 
For  about  eighty  years  the  French  retained  peaceable  possession 
of  Illinois.     Their  amiable  disposition  and  tact  of  ingratiating  them- 
selves with  the  Indians  enabled  them  to  escape  almost  entirely  the 
broils  which  weakened  and  destroyed  other  colonies.      Whether 
exploring  remote  rivers  or  traversing  hunting  grounds  in  pursuit 
of  game,  in  the  social  circle  or  as  participants  in  the  religious  exer- 
cises of  the  church,  the  red  men  became  their  associates  and  were 
treated  with  the  kindness  and  consideration  of  brothers.     For  more 
than  a  hundred  years  peace  between  the  white  man  and  the  red  was 
unbroken,  and  when  at  last  this  reign  of  harmony  terminated  it 
was  not  caused  by  the  conciliatory  Frenchman,  but  by   the  blunt 
and  sturdy  Anglo-Saxon.     During  this  century,  or  until  the  coun- 
try was  occupied  by  the  English,  no  regular  court  was  ever  held. 
When,  in  1765,  the  country  passed  into  the  hands  of  the  English, 
many  of  the  French,  rather  than  submit  to  a  change  in  their  insti- 
tutions, preferred  to  leave  their  homes  and  seek  a  new  abode. 
There  are,  however,  at  the  present  time  a  few  remnants  of  the  old 
French  stock  in  the  State,  who  still  retain  to  a  great  extent  the 
ancient  habits  and  customs  of  their  fathers. 

THE    MISSISSIPPI     COMPANY. 

During  the  earliest  period  of  French  occupation  of  this  country, 
M.  Tonti,  LaSalle's  attendant,  was  commander-in-chief  of  all  the 
territory  embraced  between  Canada  and  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  and 
extending  east  and  west  of  the  Mississippi  as  far  as  his  ambition  or 
imagination  pleased  to  allow.  He  spent  twenty-one  years  in  estab- 
lishing forts  and  organizing  the  first  settlements  of  Illinois,      Sep- 


46  HISTOKY  OF   ILLINOIS. 

tember  14,  1712,  the  French  government  granted  a  monopoly  of  all 
the  trade  and  commerce  of  the  country  to  M.  Crozat,  a  wealthy 
merchant  of  Paris,  who  established  a  trading  company  in  Illinois, 
and  it  was  by  this  means  that  the  early  settlements  became  perma- 
nent and  others  established.  Crozat  surrendered  his  charter  in 
1717,  and  the  Company  of  the  West,  better  known  as  the  Missis- 
sippi Company,  was  organized,  to  aid  and  assist  the  banking  system 
of  John  Law,  the  most  famous  speculator  of  modern  times,  and 
perhaps  at  one  time  the  wealthiest  private  individual  the  world 
has  ever  known ;  but  his  treasure  was  transitory.  Under  the 
Company  of  the  West  a  branch  was  organized  called  the  Company 
of  St.  Philip's,  for  the  purpose  of  working  the  rich  silver  mines  sup- 
posed to  be  in  Illinois,  and  Philip  Renault  was  appointed  as  its 
agent.  In  1719  he  sailed  from  France  with  two  hundred  miners, 
laborers  and  mechanics.  During  1719  the  Company  of  the  West 
was  by  royal  order  united  with  the  Royal  Company  of  the  Indies, 
and  had  the  influence  and  support  of  the  crown,  who  was  deluded 
by  the  belief  that  immense  wealth  would  flow  into  the  empty  treas- 
ury of  France.  This  gigantic  scheme,  one  of  the  most  extensive 
and  wonderful  bubbles  ever  blown  up  to  astonish,  deceive  and  ruin 
thousands  of  people,  was  set  in  operation  by  the  fertile  brain  of 
John  Law.  Law  was  born  in  Scotland  in  1671,  and  so  rapid  had 
been  his  career  that  at  the  age  of  twenty-three  he  was  a  "  bankrupt, 
an  adulterer,  a  murderer  and  an  exiled  outlaw."  But  he  possessed 
great  financial  ability,  and  by  his  agreeable  and  attractive  manners, 
and  his  enthusiastic  advocacy  of  his  schemes,  he  succeeded  in 
inflaming  the  imagination  of  the  mercurial  Frenchmen,  whose  greed 
for  gain  led  them  to  adopt  any  plans  for  obtaining  wealth. 

Law  arrived  in  Paris  with  two  and  a  half  millions  of  francs, 
which  he  had  gained  at  the  gambling  table,  just  at  the  right  time. 
Louis  XIY,  had  just  died  and  left  as  a  legacy  empty  coffers  and  an 
immense  public  debt.  Every  thing  and  everybody  was  taxed  to 
the  last  penny  to  pay  even  the  interest.  All  the  sources  of  in- 
dustry were  dried  up;  the  very  wind  which  wafted  the  barks  of 
commerce,  seemed  to  have  died  away  under  the  pressure  of  the 
time;  trade  stood  still;  the  merchant,  the  trader,  the  artificer,  once 
flourishing  in  affluence,  were  transformed  into  clamorous  beggars. 
The  life-blood  that  animated  the  kinordom  was  stagnated  in  all 
its  arteries,  and  the  danger  of  an  awful  crisis  became  such  that 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  47 

the  nation  was  on  the  verge  of  bankruptcy.  At  this  critical  junc- 
ture John  Law  arrived  and  proposed  liis  grand  scheme  of  the 
Mississippi  Company;  200,000  shares  of  stock  at  500  livres  each  were 
at  first  issued.  This  sold  readily  and  great  profits  were  realized. 
More  stock  was  issued,  speculation  became  rife,  the  fever  seized 
everybody,  and  the  wildest  speculating  frenzy  pervaded  the  whole 
nation.  Illinois  was  thought  to  contain  vast  and  rich  mines  of 
minerals.  Kaskaskia,  then  scarcely  more  than  the  settlement  of  a 
few  savages,  was  spoken  of  as  an  emporium  of  the  most  extensive 
traffic,  and  as  rivaling  some  of  the  cities  of  Europe  in  refinement, 
fashion  and  religious  culture.  Law  was  in  the  zenith  of  his  glory,  and 
the  people  in  the  zenith  of  their  infatuation.  The  high  and  the  low, 
the  rich  and  the  poor,  were  at  once  filled  with  visions  of  untold 
wealth,  and  every  age,  set,  rank  and  condition  were  buying  and  selling 
stocks.  Law  issued  stock  ao-ain  and  again,  and  readilv  sold  until 
2,235,000,000  livres  were  in  circulation,  equaling  about  $450,000,000. 
While  confidence  lasted  an  impetus  was  given  to  trade  never  before 
known.  An  illusory  policy  everywhere  prevailed,  and  so  dazzled 
the  eve  that  none  could  see  in  the  horizon  the  dark  cloud  announc- 
ing the  approaching  storm.  Law  at  the  time  was  the  most  influ- 
ential man  in  Europe.  His  house  was  beset  from  morning  till 
night  with  eager  applicants  for  stock.  Dukes,  marquises  and 
counts,  with  their  wives  and  daughters,  waited  for  hours  in  the 
street  below  his  door.  Finding  his  residence  too  small,  he  changed 
it  for  the  Place  Yendome,  whither  the  crowd  followed  him,  and  the 
spacious  square  had  the  appearance  of  a  public  market.  The  boule- 
vards and  public  gardens  were  forsaken,  and  the  Place  Vendome 
became  the  most  fashionable  place  in  Paris;  and  he  was  unable  to 
wait  upon  even  one-tenth  part  of  his  applicants.  The  bubble  burst 
after  a  few  years,  scattering  ruin  and  distress  in  every  direction. 
Law,  a  short  time  previous  the  most  popular  man  in  Europe,  fled 
to  Brussels,  and  in  1729  died  in  Venice,  in  obscurity  and  poverty. 

ENGLISH  RULE. 

As  early  as  1750  there  could  be  perceived  the  first  throes  of  the 
revolution,  which  gave  a  new  master  and  new  institutions  to  Illi- 
nois. France  claimed  the  whole  valley  of  the  Mississippi,  and  Eng- 
land the  right  to  extend  her  possessions  westward  as  far  as  she 
might  desire.      Through   colonial  controversies   the   two   mother 


48  HISTORY   OF    ILLINOIS. 

countries  were  precipitated  into  a  bloody  war  within  tlie  !N"ortli- 
westeru  Territory,  George  Wasliingtou  firing  the  first  gun  of  the 
military  struggle  which  resulted  in  the  overthrow  of  the  French 
not  only  in  Illinois  but  in  North  America.  The  French  evinced  a 
determination  to  retain  control  of  the  territory  bordering  the  Ohio 
and  Mississippi  from  Canada  to  the  Gulf,  and  so  long  as  the  En- 
glish colonies  were  confined  to  the  sea-coast  there  was  little  reason 
for  controversy.  As  the  English,  however,  became  acquainted 
with  this  beautiful  and  fertile  portion  of  our  country,  they  not  only 
learned  the  value  of  the  vast  territory,  but  also  resolved  to  set  up  a 
counter  claim  to  the  soil.  The  French  established  numerous  mili- 
tary and  trading  posts  from  the  frontiers  of  Canada  to  New  Or- 
leans, and  in  order  to  establish  also  their  claims  to  jurisdiction  over 
the  country  they  carved  the  lilies  of  France  on  the  forest  trees,  or 
sunk  plates  of  metal  in  the  ground.  These  measures  did  not, 
however,  deter  the  English  from  going  on  with  their  explorations; 
and  though  neither  party  resorted  to  arms,  yet  the  conflict  was 
.  gathering,  and  it  was  only  a  question  of  time  when  the  storm 
should  burst  upon  the  frontier  settlement.  The  French  based 
their  claims  upon  discoveries,  the  English  on  grants  of  territory 
extending  from  ocean  to  ocean,  but  neither  part}^  paid  the  least 
attention  to  the  prior  claims  of  the  Indians.  From  this  posi- 
tion of  affairs,  it  was  evident  that  actual  collision  between  the 
contending  parties  would  not  much  longer  be  deferred.  The  En- 
glish Government,  in  anticipation  of  a  war,  urged  the  Governor 
of  Virginia  to  lose  no  time  in  building  two  forts,  which  were 
equipped  by  arms  from  England.  The  French  anticipated  the 
English  and  gathered  a  considerable  force  to  defend  their  possessions. 
The  Governor  determined  to  send  a  raessenojer  to  the  nearest 
French  post  and  demand  an  explanation.  This  resolution  of  the 
Governor  brought  into  the  history  of  our  country  for  the  first  time 
the  man  of  all  others  whom  America  most  loves  to  honor,  namely, 
George  "Washington.  He  was  chosen,  although  not  yet  twenty-one 
years  of  age,  as  the  one  to  perform  this  delicate  and  difiicult  mission. 
"With  five  companions  he  set  out  on  Nov.  10,  1753,  and  after  a  per- 
ilous journey  returned  Jan.  6,  ITo-i.  Tiie  struggle  commenced  and 
continued  long,  and  was  bloody  and  fierce;  but  en  the  lOtli  of  Octo- 
ber, 1765,  the  ensign  of  France  was  replaced  on  the  ramparts  of 
Fort  Chartres  by   the  flag  of  Great  Britain.     This  fort  was  the 


GEN.  GEORGE  ROGERS  CLARK. 


(.JOITARV 

OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY   OF   ILLINOIS, 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  51 

depot  of  supplies  and  the  place  of  rendezvous  for  the  united  forces 
of  the  French.  At  this  time  the  colonies  of  the  Atlantic  seaboard 
were  assembled  in  preliminary  congress  at  New  York,  dreaming  of 
liberty  and  independence  for  the  continent;  and  Washington,  who 
led  the  expedition  against  the  French  for  the  English  king,  in  less 
than  ten  years  was  commanding  the  forces  opposed  to  the  English 
tyrant.  Illinois,  besides  being  constructively  a  part  of  Florida  for 
over  one  hundred  years,  during  which  time  no  Spaniard  set  foot 
upon  her  soil  or  rested  his  eyes  upon  her  beautiful  plains,  for  nearly 
ninety  years  had  been  in  the  actual  occupation  of  the  French,  their 
puny  settlements  slumbering  quietly  in  colonial  dependence  on  the 
distant  waters  of  the  Kaskaskia,  Illinois  and  Wabash. 

GEN.     CLAKk's    exploits. 

The  J^orthwest  Territory  was  now  entirely  under  English  rule, 
and  on  the  breaking  out  of  the  Revolutionary  war  the  British  held 
every  post  of  importance  in  the  West.  While  the  colonists  of  the 
East  were  maintaining  a  fierce  struggle  with  the  armies  of  England, 
their  western  frontiers  were  ravaged  by  merciless  butcheries  of  In- 
dian warfare.  The  jealousy  of  the  savage  was  aroused  to  action  by 
the  rapid  extension  of  American  settlement  westward  and  the  im- 
proper influence  exerted  by  a  number  of  military  posts  garrisoned  by 
British  troops.  To  prevent  indiscriminate  slaughters  arising  froin 
these  causes,  Illinois  became  the  theater  of  some  of  the  most  daring 
exploits  connected  with  American  history.  The  hero  of  the  achieve- 
ments by  which  this  beautiful  land  was  snatched  as  a  gem  from 
the  British  Crown,  was  George  Rogers  Clark,  of  Yirginia.  lie  had 
closely  watched  the  movements  of  the  British  throughout  the 
Northwest,  and  understood  their  whole  plan;  he  also  knew  the 
Indians  were  not  unanimously  in  accord  with  the  English,  and 
therefore  was  convinced  that  if  the  British  could  be  defeated  and 
expelled  from  the  Northwest,  the  natives  might  be  easily  awed  into 
neutrality.  Having  convinced  himself  that  the  enterprise  against 
the  Illinois  settlement  might  easily  succeed,  he  repaired  to  the  cap- 
ital of  Virginia,  arriving  Nov.  5,  1777.  While  he  was  on  his  way, 
fortunately,  Burgoyne  was  defeated  (Oct.  17),  and  the  spirits  of  the 
colonists  were  thereby  greatly  encouraged.  Patrick  Henry  was 
Governor  of  Yirginia,  and  at  once  entered  heartily  into  Clark's 
plans.  After  satisfying  the  Yirginia  leaders  of  the  feasibility  of 
his  project,  he  received  two  sets  of  instructions, — one,  secret,  the 


52  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

other  open.  The  latter  authorized  him  to  enlist  seven  companies 
to  go  to  Kentucky,  and  serve  three  months  after  their  arrival  m 
the  West.  The  secret  order  authorized  him  to  arm  these  troops, 
to  procure  his  powder  and  lead  of  General  Hand  at  Pittsburg,  and 
to  proceed  at  once  to  subjugate  the  country. 

HE    TAKES     KASKASKIA. 

With  these  instructions  Col.  Clark  repaired  to  Pittsburg,  choos- 
ing rather  to  raise  his  men  west  of  the  mountains,  as  he  well  knew 
all  were  needed  in  the  colonies  in  the  conflict  there.     He  sent  Col. 
W.    B.  Smith  to  Holstein    and    Captains  Helm  and  Bowman  to 
other  localities  to  enlist  men;  but  none  of  them  succeeded  in  rais- 
ing the  required  number.     Tlie  settlers  in  these  parts  were  afraid 
to  leave  their  own  firesides  exposed  to  a  vigilant  foe,  and  but  few 
could  be  induced  to  join  the  expedition.     With   these  companies 
and  several  private  volunteers  Clark  commenced  his  descent  of  the 
Ohio,  which  he  navigated  as  far  as  the  falls,  where  he  took  posses- 
sion of  and  fortified  Corn  Island,  a  small  island  between  the  present 
cities  of  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  Xew  Albany,  Ind.     Here,  after  having 
completed  his  arrangements  and  announced  to  the  men  their  real 
destination,  he  left  a  small  garrison;  and  on  the  24rth  of  June,  dur- 
ing a  total  eclipse  of  the  sun,  which  to  them  augured  no  good,  they 
floated  down  the  river.     His  plan  was  to  go  by  water  as  far  as  Fort 
Massac,  and  thence  march  direct  to  Kaskaskia.   Here  lie  intended  to 
surprise  the  garrison,  and  after  its  capture  go  to  Cahokia,  then  to 
Yincennes,  and  lastly  to  Detroit.     Should  he  fail,  he  intended  to 
march  directly  to  the  Mississippi  river  and  cross  it  into  the  Spanish 
country.     Before  his  start  he  received  good  items  of  information: 
one  that  an  alliance  had  been  formed  between  France  and  the  United 
States,    and   the  other  that   the  Indians  throughout   the   Illinois 
country  and  the  inhabitants  at  the  various  frontier  posts  had  been  led 
by  the  British  to  believe  that  the  "  Long  Knives,"  or  Virginians, 
were  the  most  fierce,  bloodthirsty  and  cruel  savages  that  ever  scalped 
a  foe.     With    this   impression   on  their   minds,    Clark  saw    that 
proper  management  would  cause  them  to  submit  at  once  from  fear, 
if  surprised,  and  then  from  gratitude  would  become  friendly,  if 
treated    with  unexpected  lenity.      The  march  to  Kaskaskia  was 
made  through  a  hot  July  sun,  they  arriving  on  the  evening  of  the 
4th  of  July,  1778.     They  captured  the  fort  near  the  village  and 
soon  after  the  village  itself,  by  surprise,  and  without  the  loss  of 


HISTORY    OF   ILLINOIS.  53 

a  single  man  and  without  killing  any  of  the  enemy.  After  suffi- 
ciently working  on  the  fears  of  the  natives,  Clark  told  them  they 
were  at  perfect  liberty  to  worship  as  they  pleased,  and  to  take 
whichever  side  of  the  great  conflict  they  would;  also  he  would  pro- 
tect them  against  any  barbarity  from  British  or  Indian  foe.  This 
had  the  desired  effect;  and  the  inhabitants,  so  unexpectedly  and  bo 
gratefully  surprised  by  the  unlooked-for  turn  of  affairs,  at  once 
swore  allegiance  to  the  American  arms;  and  when  Clark  desired 
to  go  to  Cahokia  on  the  6th  of  July,  they  accompanied  him,  and 
through  their  influence  the  inhabitants  of  the  place  surrendered 
and  gladly  placed  themselves  under  his  protection. 

In  the  person  of  M.  Gibault,  priest  of  Kaskaskia,  Clark  found  a 
powerful  ally  and  generous  friend.  Clark  saw  that,  to  retain  pos- 
session of  the  Korthwest  and  ti-eat  successfully  with  the  Indians,  he 
must  establish  a  government  for  the  colonies  he  had  taken.  St.  Yin- 
cent,  the  post  next  in  importance  to  Detroit,  remained  yet  to  be 
taken  before  the  Mississippi  valley  was  conquered.  M.  Gibault 
told  him  that  he  would  alone,  by  persuasion,  lead  Yincennes  to 
throw  off  its  connection  with  England.  Clark  gladly  accepted  this 
offer,  and  July  14th,  in  company  with  a  fellow-townsman,  Gibault 
started  on  his  mission  of  peace.  On  the  1st  of  August  he  returned 
with  the  cheerful  intelligence  that  everything  was  peaceably  ad- 
justed at  Yincennes  in  favor  of  the  Americans.  During  the  inter- 
val. Col.  Clark  established  his  courts,  placed  garrisons  at  Kaskaskia 
and  Cahokia,  successfully  re-enlisted  his  men,  and  sent  word  to 
have  a  fort  (which  proved  the  germ  of  Louisville)  erected  at  the 
falls  of  the  Ohio. 

While  the  American  commander  was  thus  negotiating  with  the 
Indians,  Hamilton,  the  British  Governor  of  Detroit,  heard  of  Clark's 
invasion,  and  was  greatly  incensed  because  the  country  which  he 
had  in  charge  should  be  wrested  from  him  by  a  few  ragged  militia. 
He  therefore  hurriedly  collected  a  force,  marched  by  way  of  the 
Wabash,  and  appeared  before  the  fort  at  Yincennes.  The  inhabi- 
tants made  an  effort  to  defend  the  town,  and  when  Hamilton's 
forces  arrived,  Captain  Helm  and  a  man  named  Henry  were  the 
only  Americans  in  the  fort.  These  men  had  been  sent  by  Clark. 
The  latter  charged  a  cannon  and  placed  it  in  the  open  gateway,  and 
the  Captain  stood  by  it  with  alighted  match  and  cried  out,  as  Ham- 
ilton came  in  hailing  distance,  "Halt!"     The  British  officer,  not 


54  HISTOEY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

knowing  the  strength  of  the  garrison,  stopped,  and  demanded  the 
surrender  of  tlie  fort.  Hehn  exclaimed,  "  Ko  man  shall  enter  here 
till  I  know  the  terms."  Hamilton  responded,  "  You  shall  have  the 
honors  of  war."  The  entire  garrison  consisted  of  one  officer  and  one 
private. 

VINCENNES    CAPTURED, 

On  taking  Kaskaskia,  Clark  made  a  prisoner  of  Rocheblave, 
commander  of  the  place,  and  got  possession  of  all  his  written 
instructions  for  the  conduct  of  the  war.  From  these  papers  he 
received  important  information  respecting  the  plans  of  Col.  Ham- 
ilton, Governor  at  Detroit,  who  was  intending  to  make  a  vigorous 
and  concerted  attack  upon  the  frontier.  After  arriving  at  Yin- 
cennes,  however,  he  gave  np  his  intended  campaign  for  the  winter, 
and  trusting  to  his  distance  from  danger  and  to  the  difficulty  of 
approaching  him,  sent  off  his  Indian  warriors  to  prevent  troops  from 
coming  down  the  Ohio,  and  to  annoj  the  Americans  in  all  ways.  Thus 
he  sat  quietly  down  to  pass  the  winter  with  only  about  eighty  soldiers, 
but  secure,  as  he  thought,  from  molestation.  But  he  evidently  did 
not  realize  the  character  of  the  men  with  whom  he  was  contending. 
Clark,  although  he  could  muster  only  one  hundred  and  tliirt}'  men, 
determined  to  take  advantage  of  Hamilton's  weakness  and  security, 
and  attack  him  as  the  only  means  of  saving  himself;  for  unless  he 
captured  Hamilton,  Hamilton  would  capture  him.  Accordingly, 
about  the  beginning  of  February,  1779,  he  dispatched  a  small  galley 
which  he  had  fitted  out,  mounted  with  two  four-pounders  and  four 
swivels  and  manned  with  a  company  of  soldiers,  and  carrying  stores 
for  his  men,  with  orders  to  force  her  way  up  the  Wabash,  to  take 
her  station  a  few  miles  below  Vincennes,  and  to  allow  no  person  to 
pass  her.  He  himself  marched  with  his  little  band,  and  spent  six- 
teen days  in  traversing  the  country  from  Kaskaskia  to  Yincennes, 
passing  with  incredible  fatigue  through  woods  and  marshes.  He 
was  five  days  in  crossing  the  bottom  lands  of  the  Wabash;  and  for 
five  miles  was  frequently  up  to  the  breast  in  water.  After  over- 
coming difficulties  which  had  been  thought  insurmountable,  he 
appeared  before  the  place  and  completely  surprised  it.  The  inhab- 
itants readily  submitted,  but  Hamilton  at  first  defended  himself  in 
the  fort.  Next  day,  however,  he  surrendered  himself  and  his  gar- 
rison prisoners-of-war.  By  his  activity  in  encouraging  the  hostili- 
ties of  the  Indians  and  by  the  revolting  enormities  perpetrated  by 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  55 

those  savages,  Hamilton  had  rendered  himself  so  obnoxious  that  he 
was  thrown  in  prison  and  put  in  irons.  During  his  command  of 
the  British  frontier  posts  he  offered  prizes  to  the  Indians  for  all  the 
scalps  of  the  Americans  thej^  would  bring  him,  and  earned  in  con- 
sequence thereof  the  title,  "llair-Bujer  General,"  by  which  he  was 
ever  afterward  known. 

The  services  of  Clark  proved  of  essential  advantage  to  his  coun- 
trymen. They  disconcerted  the  plans  of  Hamilton,  and  not  only  saved 
the  western  frontier  from  depredations  by  the  savages,  but  also 
greatly  cooled  the  ardor  of  the  Indians  for  carrying  on  a  contest  in 
which  they  were  not  likely  to  be  the  gainers.  Had  it  not  been  for 
this  small  army,  a  union  of  all  the  tri'oes  from  Maine  to  Georgia 
against  the  colonies  might  have  been  effected,  and  the  whole  current 
of  our  history  changed. 

ILLINOIS. 

COUNTY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

In  October,  1778,  after  the  successful  campaign  of  Col.  Clark,  the 
assembly  of  Virginia  erected  the  conquered  country,  embracing  all 
the  territory  northwest  of  the  Ohio  river,  into  the  County  of  Illi- 
nois, which  was  doubtless  the  largest  county  in  the  world,  exceeding 
in  its  dimensions  the  whole  of  Great  Britian  and  Ireland.  To  speak 
more  definitely,  it  contained  the  territory  now  embraced  in  the  great 
States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois,  Wisconsin  and  Michigan.  On  the 
12th  of  December,  1778,  John  Todd  was  appointed  Lieutenant- 
Commandant  of  this  county  by  Patrick  Henry,  then  Governor  of 
'Virginia,  and  accordingly,  also,  the  first  of  Illinois  County. 

NORTHWESTERN  TERRITORY. 

Illinois  continued  to  form  a  part  of  Virginia  until  March  1, 1784, 
when  that  State  ceded  all  the  territory  north  of  the  Ohio  to  the 
United  States.  Immediately  the  general  Government  proceeded  to 
establish  a  form  of  government  for  the  settlers  in  the  territories 
thus  ceded.  This  form  continued  until  the  passage  of  the  ordi- 
nance of  1787,  for  the  government  of  the  ISTorthwestern  Terri- 
tory. No  man  can  study  the  secret  history  of  this  ordinance  and 
not  feel  that  Providence  was  guiding  with  sleepless  eye  the  des- 


56  mSTORT   OF    ILLINOIS. 

tinies  of  these   unborn  States.     American   legislation  has   never 

achieved  anything   more  admirable,  as  an   internal   government, 

than  this  comprehensive  ordinance.     Its  provisions  concerning  the 

distribution  of  property,  the  principles  of  civil  and  religious  liberty 

which  it  laid  at  the  foundation  of  the  communities  since  established, 

and  the  efficient  and  simple  organization  by  which  it  created  the 

first  machinery  of  civil  society,  are  worthy  of  all  the  praise  that  has 

ever  been  given  them. 

t  ■ 

OKDINAXCE    OF    1787. 

This  ordinance  has  a  marvelous  and  interesting  history.  Con- 
siderable controversy  has  been  indulged  in  as  to  who  is  entitled  to 
the  credit  for  framing  it.  This  belongs,  undoubtedly,  to  ^Nathan 
Dane;  and  to  Rufus  King  and  Timothy  Pickering  belong  the 
credit  for  suggesting  the  proviso  contained  in  it  ag.dnst  slavery, 
and  also  for  aids  to  religion  and  knowledge,  and  for  assuring  for- 
ever the  common  use,  without  charge,  of  the  great  national  high- 
ways of  the  Mississippi,  the  St.  Lawrence  and  their  tributaries  to 
all  the  citizens  of  the  United  States.  To  Thomas  Jefferson  is  also 
due  much  credit,  as  some  features  of  this  ordinance  were  embraced 
in  his  ordinance  of  ITS-i.  But  the  part  taken  by  each  in  the  long, 
laborious  and  eventful  struggle  which  had  so  glorious  a  consum- 
mation in  the  ordinance,  consecrating  forever,  by  one  imprescript- 
ible and  unchangeable  monument,  the  v^ery  heart  of  our  country  to 
Freedom,  Knowledge,  and  Union,  will  forever  honor  the  names  of 
those  illustrious  statesmen. 

Mr.  Jefferson  had  vainly  tried  to  secure  a  system  of  government 
for  the  Northwestern  Territory.  He  M'as  an  emancipationist  and 
favored  the  exclusion  of  slavery  from  the  territory,  but  the  South 
voted  him  down  every  time  he  proposed  a  measure  of  this  nature. 
In  1787,  as  late  as  Jul}'-  10,  an  organizing  act  without  the  anti- 
slaverj'  clause  was  pending.  This  concession  to  the  South  was 
expected  to  carry  it.  Congress  was  in  session  in  New  York.  On 
July  5,  Rev.  Manasseh  Cutler,  of  Massachusetts,  came  into  New 
York  to  lobby  on  the  Northwestern  Territory,  Everything 
seemed  to  fall  into  his  hands.  Events  were  ripe.  The  state  of  the 
public  credit,  the  growing  of  Southern  prejudice,  the  basis  of  his 
mission,  his  personal  character,  all  combined  to  complete  one  of 
those  sudden  and  marvelous  revolutions  of  public  sentiment  that 


HISTOEY    OF    ILLINOIS.  57 

once  in  five  or  ten  centuries  are  seen  to  sweep  over  a  country  like 
the  breath  of  the  Almighty. 

Cutler  was  a  graduate  of  Yale.  He  had  studied  and  taken  de- 
grees in  the  three  learned  professions,  medicine,  law,  and  divinity. 
He  had  published  a  scientific  examination  of  the  plants  of  New 
Eno-land.  As  a  scientist  in  America  his  name  stood  second  only  to 
that  of  Franklin  He  was  a  courtly  gentleman  of  the  old  style, 
a  man  of  commanding  presence  and  of  inviting  face.  The  Southern 
members  said  they  had  never  seen  such  a  gentleman  in  the  North. 
He  came  representing  a  Massachusetts  company  that  desired  to 
purchase  a  tract  of  land,  now  included  in  Ohio,  for  the  purpose  of 
planting  a  colony.  It  was  a  speculation.  Government  money  was 
worth  eighteen  cents  on  the  dollar.  This  company  had  collected 
enough  to  purchase  1,500,000  acres  of  land.  Other  speculators  in 
New  York  made  Dr.  Cutler  tlieir  agent,  which  enabled  him  to 
represent  a  demand  for  5,500,000  acres.  As  this  would  reduce  the 
national  debt,  ai:d  Jefferson's  policy  was  to  provide  for  the  public 
credit,  it  presented  a  good  opportunity  to  do  something. 

Massachusetts  then  owned  the  territory  of  Maine,  which  she  was 
crowding  on  the  market.  She  was  opposed  to  opening  the  North- 
western region.  This  fired  the  zeal  of  Virginia.  The  South  caught 
the  inspiration,  and  all  exalted  Dr.  Cutler,  The  entire  South  ral- 
lied around  him.  Massachusetts  could  not  vote  against  him,  be- 
cause many  of  the  constituents  of  her  members  were  interested 
personally  in  the  Western  speculation.  Thus  Cutler,  making 
friends  in  the  South,  and  doubtless  using  all  the  arts  of  the  lobby, 
was  enabled  to  command  the  situation.  True  to  deeper  convic- 
tions, he  dictated  one  of  the  most  compact  and  finished  documents 
of  wise  statesmanship  that  has  ever  adorned  any  human  law  book. 
He  borrowed  from  Jeiferson  the  term  "Articles  of  Compact,"  which, 
preceding  the  federal  constitution,  rose  into  the  most  sacred  char- 
acter. He  then  followed  very  closely  the  constitution  of  Massa- 
chusetts, adopted  three  years  before.  Its  most  prominent  points 
were : 

1.  The  exclusion  of  slavery  from  the  territory  forever. 

2.  Provision  for  public  schools,  giving  one  township  for  a  semi- 
nary and  every  section  numbered  16  in  each  township;  that  is,  one 
thirty-sixth  of  all  the  land  for  public  schools. 

3.  A  provision  prohibiting  the  adoption  of  any  constitution  or 


58  HISTORY   OF    ILLINOIS. 

the  enactment  of  any  law  that  ehould  nullity  pre-existing  contracts. 
Beit  forever  remembered  that  this  compact  declared  that  "re- 
ligion, morality,  and  knowledge  being  necessary  to  good  govern- 
ment and  the  happiness  of  mankind,  schools  and  the  means  of  edu- 
cation shall  always  be  encouraged."  Dr.  Cutler  planted  himself 
on  this  platform  and  would  not  yield.  Giving  his  unqualified  dec- 
laration that  it  was  that  or  nothing, — that  unless  they  could  make 
the  land  desirable  they  did  not  want  it, — he  took  his  horse  and  buggy 
and  started  for  the  constitutional  convention  at  Philadelphia.  On 
July  13.  17S7,  the  bill  was  put  upon  its  passage,  and  was  unani- 
mously adopted.  Thus  the  great  States  of  Ohio,  Indiana,  Illinois, 
Michigan,  and  Wisconsin,  a  vast  empire,  were  consecrated  to  free- 
dom, intelligence,  and  morality.  Thus  the  great  heart  of  the  nation 
was  prepared  to  save  the  union  of  States,  for  it  was  this  act  that  was 
the  salvation  of  the  republic  and  the  destruction  of  slavery.  Soon 
the  South  saw  their  great  blunder  and  tried  to  have  the  compact 
repealed.  In  1 803  Congress  referred  it  to  a  committee,  of  which 
John  Kandolph  was  chairnuin.  He  reported  that  this  ordinance 
was  a  compact  and  opposed  repeal.  Thus  it  stood,  a  rock  in  the 
way  of  the  on-rushing  sea  of  slavery. 

SYMrATHY  WITH  SLAVERY. 

"With  all  this  timely  aid  it  was,  however,  a  most  desperate  and 
protracted  struggle  to  keep  the  soil  of  Illinois  sacred  to  freedom. 
It  was  the  natural  battle-iield  for  the  irrepressible  conflict.  In  the 
southern  end  of  the  State  slavery  preceded  the  compact.  It  ex- 
isted amoiiir  the  old  French  settlers,  and  was  hard  to  eradicate. 
That  portion  was  also  settled  from  the  slave  States,  and  this  popu- 
lation brought  their  laws,  customs,  and  institutions  with  them.  A 
stream  of  population  from  the  North  poured  into  the  northern  part 
of  the  State.  These  sections  misunderstood  and  hated  each  other 
perfecth*.  The  Southerners  regarded  the  Yankees  as  a  skinning, 
tricky,  penurious  race  of  peddlers,  tilling  the  country  with  tinware, 
brass  clocks,  and  wooden  nutmegs.  The  Northerner  thought  of  the 
Southerner  as  a  lean,  lank,  lazy  creature,  burrowing  in  a  hut.  and 
riotina:  in  whiskv,  dirt,  and  iffuorance.  These  causes  aided  in 
making  the  struggle  long  and  bitter.  So  strong  was  the  sympathy 
with  slavery  that,  in  spite  of  the  ordinance  of  1787,  and  in  spite  of 
the  deed  of  cession,  it  was  determined  to  allow  the  old  French  set- 
tlers to  retain  their  slaves.     Planters  from  the  slave  States  nuVht 


GEN.  ARTHUR  ST.  CLAIR. 


OF  THE 
„v»vEf-SlTY   Of 


\a\NOis. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  59 

bring  tlieir  slaves  if  they  would  give  tliera  an  opportunity  to  choose 
freedom  or  yeai*s  of  service  and  bondage  for  their  cliildren  till  they 
should  become  thii  ty  years  x)f  age.  If  they  chose  freedom  they 
must  leave  the  State  within  sixty  days,  or  be  sold  as  fugitives. 
Servants  we^e  whipped  for  oifenses  for  which  white  men  were  fined. 
Each  lash  paid  forty  cents  of  the  fine.  A  negro  ten  miles  from 
home  without  a  pass  was  whipped.  These  famous  laws  were  im- 
ported from  the  slave  States,  just  as  the  laws  for  the  inspection  of 
flax  and  wool  were  imported  when  there  was  neither  in  the  State. 

ST.    CLAIR,    GOVERNOR    OF     NORTHWESTERN    TERRITORY. 

On  October  5,  1T87,  Maj.  Gen.  Arthur  St.  Clair  was,  by  Congress, 
elected  Governor  of  this  vast  territory.  St.  Clair  was  born  in  Scot- 
land and  emigrated  to  America  in  1755.  He  served  in  the  French 
and  English  war,  and  was  major  general  in  the  Revolution.  In 
1786  he  was  elected  to  Congress  and  chosen  President  of  that  body. 

ILLINOIS  TEHKITORY. 

After  the  division  of  the  Northwestern  Territory  Illinois  became 
one  of  the  counties  of  the  Territory  of  Indiana,  from  which  it  was 
separated  by  an  act  of  Congress  Feb.  3,  1809,  forming  the  Territory 
of  Illinois,  with  a  population  estimated  at  9,000,  and  then  included 
the  present  State  of  Wisconsin.  It  was  divided,  at  the  time,  into 
two  counties, — St.  Clair  and  Randolph.  John  Boyle,  of  Ken- 
tucky, was  appointed  Governor,  by  the  President,  James  Madison, 
but  declining,  Ninian  Edwards,  of  the  same  State,  was  then 
appointed  and  served  with  distinction;  and  after  the  organization 
of  Illinois  as  a  State  he  served  in  the  same  capacity,  being  its  third 
Governor. 

WAR  OF   1812.    THE   OUTBREAK. 

For  some  years  previous  to  the  war  between  the  United  States 
and  England  in  1812,  considerable  trouble  was  experienced  with  the 
Indians.  Marauding  bands  of  savages  would  attack  small  settle- 
ments and  inhumanly  butcher  all  the  inhabitants,  and  mutilate 
their  dead  bodies.  To  protect  themselves,  the  settlers  organized 
companies  of  rangers,  and  erected  block  houses  and  stockades  in 
every  settlemen-t.  The  largest,  strongest  and  best  one  of  these  was 
Fort  Russell,  near  the  present  village  of  Edwardsville.  This  stockade 


60  HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS. 

was  made  the  main  rendezvous  for  troops  and  military  stores,  and 
Gov.  Edwards,  who  during  the  perilous  times  of  1812,  when  Indian 
hostilities  threatened  on  every  hand,  assumed  command  of  the  Illi- 
nois forces,  established  his  headquarters  at  this  place.  The  Indians 
were  incited  to  many  of  these  depredations  by  English  emissaries, 
who  for  years  continued  their  dastardly  work  of  ''  setting  the  red 
men,  like  dogs,  upon  the  whites." 

In  the  summer  of  1811  a  peace  convention  was  held  with  the 
Pottawatomies  at  Peoria,  when  they  promised  that  peace  should 
prevail;  but  their  promises  were  soon  broken.  Tecumseh,  the  great 
warrior,  and  fit  successor  of  Pontiac,  started  in  the  spring  of  1811, 
to  arouse  the  Southern  Indians  to  war  against  the  whites.  The  pur- 
pose of  this  chieftain  was  well  known  to  Gov.  Harrison,  of  Indiana 
Territory,  who  determined  during  Tecumseh's  absence  to  strike  and 
disperse  the  hostile  forces  collected  at  Tippecanoe.  This  he  success- 
fully did  on  iS'ov.  7,  winning  the  sobriquet  of  "  Tippecanoe,"  by 
which  he  was  afterwards  commonly  known.  Several  peace  councils 
were  held,  at  which  the  Indians  promised  good  behavior,  but  only 
to  deceive  the  whites.  Almost  all  the  savages  of  the  Northwest 
were  thoroughly  stirred  up  and  did  not  desire  peace.  The  British 
agents  at  various  points,  in  anticipation  of  a  war  with  the  United 
States,  sought  to  enlist  the  favor  of  the  savages  by  distributing  to 
them  large  supplies  of  arms,  ammunition  and  other  goods. 

The  English  continued  their  insults  to  our  flag  upon  the  high 
seas,  and  their  government  refusing  to  relinquish  its  offensive  course, 
all  hopes  of  peace  and  safe  commercial  relations  were  abandoned, 
and  Congress,  on  the  J9th  of  June,  1812,  formally  declared  war 
against  Great  Britain.  In  Illinois  the  threatened  Indian  troubles 
had  already  caused  a  more  thorough  organization  of  the  militia  and 
greater  protection  by  the  erection  of  forts.  As  intimated,  the  In- 
dians took  the  war-path  long  before  the  declaration  of  hostilities 

between  the  two  civilized  nations,  committing  great  depredations, 
the  most  atrocious  of  which  was  the    . 

MASSACRE   AT   FORT   DEARBORN. 

During  the  war  of  1812  between  the  United  States  and  England, 
the  greatest,  as  well  as  the  most  revolting,  massacre  of  whites  that 
ever  occurred  in  Illinois,  was  perpetrated  by  the  Pottawatomie  In- 
dians, at  Fort  Dearborn.  This  fort  was  built  by  the  Government, 
in  180-1,  on  the  south  side  of  the  Chicago  river,  and  was  garrisoned 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


61 


by  54  men  under  command  of  Capt.  Nathan  Heald,  assisted  by 
Lieutenant  Helm  and  Ensign  Ronan;  Dr.  Voorliees,  surgeon.  Tiie 
residents  at  tlie  post  at  that  time  were  the  wives  of  officers  Heald 
and  Helm  and  a  few  of  the  soldiers,  Mr.  Kinzie  and  his  family,  and 
a  few  Canadians.  The  soldiers  and  Mr.  Kinzie  were  on  the  most 
friendly  terms  with  the  Pottawatomies  and  Winnebagoes,  the  prin- 
cipal tribes  around  them. 

On  the  Tth  of  August,  1812,  arrived  the  order  from  Gen.  Hull,  at 
Detroit,  to  evacuate  Fort  Dearborn,  aud  distribute  all  United  States 
property  to  the  Indians.     Chicago  was  so  deep  in  the   wilderness 


OLD  FORT  DEARBORN. 

that  this  was  the  first  intimation  the  garrison  received  of  the  dec- 
laration of  war  made  on  the  19th  of  June.  The  Indian  chief  who 
brouo^ht  the  dispatch  advised  Capt.  Heald  not  to  evacuate,  and 
that  if  he  should  decide  to  do  so,  it  be  done  immediately,  and  by 
forced  marches  elude  the  concentration  of  the  savao'es  before  the 
news  could  be  circulated  among  them.  To  this  most  excellent  ad- 
vice the  Captain  gave  no  heed,  but  on  the  12th  held  a  council  with 


62  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

the  Indians,  apprising  them  of  the  orders  received,  and  offering  a 
liberal  reward  for  an  escort  of  Pottawatomies  to  Fort  Wayne.  The 
Indians,  with  many  professions  of  friendship,  assented  to  all  he 
proposed,  and  promised  all  he  required.  The  remaining  officers  re- 
fused to  join  in  the  council,  for  they  had  been  informed  that  treach- 
ery was  designed, — that  the  Indians  intended  to  murder  those  in 
the  council,  and  then  destroy  those  in  the  fort.  The  port  holes  were 
open,  displaying  cannons  pointing  directly  upon  the  council.  This 
action,  it  is  supposed,  prevented  a  massacre  at  that  time. 

Mr.  Kinzie,  who  knew  the  Indians  well,  begged  Capt.  Heald 
not  to  confide  in  their  promises,  or  distribute  the  arms  and  ammu- 
nitions among  them,  for  it  would  only  put  power  in  their  hands  to 
destroy  the  whites.  This  argument,  true  and  excellent  in  itself, 
was  now  certainly  inopportune,  and  would  only  incense  the  treach- 
erous foe.  But  the  Captain  resolved  to  follow  it,  and  accordingly  on 
the  night  of  the  13th,  after  the  distribution  of  the  other  property,  the 
arms  were  broken,  and  the  barrels  of  whisky,  of  which  there  was  a 
large  quantity,  were  rolled  quietly  through  the  sally-port,  their 
heads  knocked  in  and  their  contents  emptied  into  the  river.  On  that 
night  the  lurking  red-skins  crept  near  the  fort  and  discovered  the 
destruction  of  the  promised  booty  going  on  within.  The  next  morn- 
ing the  powder  was  seen  floating  on  the  surface  of  the  river,  and 
the  Indians  asserted  that  such  an  abundance  of  "  fire-water"  had 
been  emptied  into  the  river  as  to  make  it  taste  "  g^oggy.'^  Many 
of  them  drank  of  it  freely. 

On  the  l-ith  the  desponding  garrison  was  somewhat  cheered  by 
the  arrival  of  Capt.  Wells,  with  15  friendly  Miamis.  Capt.  Wells 
heard  at  Fort  Wavne  of  the  order  to  evacuate  Fort  Dearborn,  and 
knowing  the  hostile  intentions  of  the  Indians,  made  a  rapid  march 
through  the  wilderness  to  protect,  if  possible,  his  niece,  Mrs.  Heald, 
and  the  officers  and  the  garrison  from  certain  destruction.  But 
he  came  too  late.  Every  means  for  its  defense  had  been  destroyed 
the  night  before,  and  arrangements  were  made  for  leaving  the  fort 
on  the  following  morning. 

The  fatal  morning  of  the  16th  at  length  dawned  brightly  on  the 
world.  The  sun  shone  in  unclouded  splendor  upon  the  glassy  waters 
of  Lake  Michigan.  At  9  a.  m.,  the  party  moved  out  of  the  south- 
ern gate  of  the  fort,  in  military  array.  The  band,  feeling  the  solem- 
nity of  the  occasion,  struck  up   the  Dead  March  in  Saul.     Capt. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  63 

Wells,  with  his  face  blackened  after  the  manner  of  the  Indians,  led 
the  advance  guard  at  the  head  of  his  friendly  Miainis,  the  garrison 
with  loaded  arms,  the  baggage  wagons  with  the  sick,  and  the  women 
and  children  following,  while  the  Pottawatomie  Indians,  about  500 
in  number,  who  had  jDledged  their  honor  to  escort  the  whites  in 
safety  to  Fort  Wayne,  brought  up  the  rear.  The  party  took  the 
road  along  the  lake  shore.  On  reaching  the  range  of  sand-hills 
separating  the  beach  from  the  prairie,  about  one  mile  and  a  half- 
from  the  fort,  the  Indians  defiled  to  the  right  into  the  prairie,  bring 
ing  the  sand-hills  between  them  and  the  whites.  This  divergence 
was  scarcely  effected  when  Capt.  Wells,  who  had  kept  in  advance 
with  his  Indians,  rode  furiously  back  and  exclaimed,  "They  are 
about  to  attack  us.  Form  instantly  and  charge  upon  them!" 
These  words  were  scarcely  uttered  before  a  volley  of  balls  from 
Indian  muskets  was  poured  in  upon  them.  The  troops  were  hastily 
formed  into  line,  and  charged  up  the  bank.  One  veteran  of  70  fell 
as  they  ascended.  The  Indians  were  driven  back  to  the  prairie,  and 
then  the  battle  was  waged  by  54  soldiers,  12  civilians,  and  three  or 
four  women — the  cowardly  Miamis  having  fled  at  the  outset — 
against  500  Indian  warriors.  The  whites  behaved  gallantly,  and 
sold  their  lives  dearly.  They  fought  desperately  until  two-thirds 
of  their  number  were  slain;  the  remaining  27  surrendered.  And 
now  the  most  sickening  and  heart-rending  butchery  of  this  calam- 
itous day  was  committed  by  a  young  savage,  who  assailed  one  of 
the  baggage  wagons  containing  12  children,  every  one  of  which  fell 
beneath  his  murderous  tomahawk.  When  Capt.  Wells,  who  with 
the  others  had  become  prisoner,  beheld  this  scene  at  a  distance,  he 
exclaimed  in  a  tone  loud  enough  to  be  heard  by  the  savages,  "  If 
this  be  your  game,  I  can  kill  too;"  and  turning  his  horse,  started 
for  the  place  where  the  Indians  had  left  their  squaws  and  children. 
The  Indians  hotly  pursued,  but  he  avoided  their  deadly  bullets  for 
a  time.  Soon  his  horse  was  killed  and  he  severely  wounded.  With 
a  yell  the  young  braves  rushed  to  make  him  their  prisoner  and  re- 
serve him  for  torture.  But  an  enraged  warrior  stabbed  him  in  the 
back,  and  he  fell  dead.  His  heart  was  afterwards  taken  out,  cut  in 
pieces  and  distributed  among  the  tribes.  Billy  Caldwell,  a  half- 
breed  Wyandot,  well-known  in  Chicago  long  afterward,  buried  his 
rental ns  the  next  day.  Wells  street  in  Chicago,  perpetuates  his 
memory. 


64  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

la  this  fearful  combat  women  bore  a  coiispicuous  part.  A  wife 
of  one  of  the  soldiers,  who  had  frequently  heard  that  the  Indians 
subjected  their  prisoners  to  tortures  worse  than  death,  resolved  not 
to  be  taken  alive,  and  continued  fighting  until  she  was  literally  cut 
to  pieces.  Mrs.  Heald  was  an  excellent  equestrian,  and  an  expert 
in  the  use  of  the  rifle.  iShe  fought  bravely,  receiving  several  wounds. 
Though  faint  from  loss  of  blood,  she  managed  to  keep  in  her  saddle. 
A  savage  raised  his  tomahawk  to  kill  her,  when  she  looked  him  full 
in  the  face,  and  with  a  sweet  smile  and  gentle  voice  said,  in  his 
own  language,  "  Surely  you  will  not  kill  a  squaw."  The  arm  of 
of  the  savage  fell,  and  the  life  of  this  heroic  woman  was  saved. 
Mrs.  Ilelm  had  an  encounter  with  a  stalwart  Indian,  who  attempted 
to  tomahawk  her.  Springing  to  one  side,  she  received  the  glancing 
blow  on  her  shoulder,  and  at  the  same  time  she  seized  the  savage 
round  the  neck  and  endeavored  to  get  his  sciilping-knife  which 
huno:  in  a  sheath  at  his  breast.  While  she  was  thus  struggling,  she 
was  dragged  from  his  grasp  by  another  and  an  older  Indian.  The 
latter  bore  her,  struggling  and  resisting,  to  the  lake  and  plunged 
her  in.  She  soon  perceived  it  was  not  his  intention  to  drown  her, 
because  he  held  her  in  such  a  position  as  to  keep  her  head  out  of 
the  water.  She  recognized  him  to  be  a  celebrated  chief  called 
Black  Partridge.  When  the  tiring  ceased  she  was  conducted  up 
the  sand-bank. 

SLACGHTEE    OF    PRISONERS. 

The  prisoners  were  taken  back  to  the  Indian  camp,  when  a  new 
scene  of  horror  was  enacted.  The  wounded  not  beins  included  in 
the  terms  of  the  surrender,  as  it  was  interpreted  by  the  Indians, 
and  the  British  general,  Proctor,  having  offered  a  liberal  bounty  for 
American  scalps,  nearly  all  the  wounded  were  killed  aiid  scalped, 
and  the  price  of  the  trophies  was  afterwards  paid  by  the  British 
general.  In  the  stipulation  of  surrender,  Capt.  Ileald  had  not 
particularly  mentioned  the  wounded.  These  helpless  sufferers,  on 
reaching  the  Indian  camp,  were  therefore  regarded  by  the  brutal 
savages  as  fit  subjects  upon  which  to  display  their  cruelty  and  satisfv 
their  desire  for  bload.  Referring  to  the  terrible  butchery  of  the 
prisoners,  in  an  account  given  by  Mrs.  Helm,  she  says:  "An  old 
squaw,  infuriated  by  the  loss  of  friends  or  excited  by  the  sanguin- 
ary scenes  around  her,  seemed  possessed  of  demoniac  fury.  She 
seized  a  stable-fork  and  assaulted  one  miserable  victim,  who  lay 


HISTOKV    OK    ILLINOIS. 


fJo 


groaning  and  writhing  in  the  agonies  of  his  wounds,  aggravated  by 
the  scorching  beams  of  the  sun.  With  a  delicacy  of  feeling,  scarcely 
to  have  been  expected  under  such  circumstances.  Wan-bee-nee-wan 
stretched  a  mat  across  two  poles,  between  me  and  this  dreadful  scene. 
I  was  thus  spared,  in  some  degree,  a  view  of  its  horrors,  although  I 
could  not  entirely  cloise  my  ears  to  the  cries  of  the  sufferer.  The 
following  night  live  more  of  the  wounded  prisoners  were  toma- 
hawked." 

KINZIE    FAMILY     SAVED. 

That  evening,  about  sundown,  a  council  of  chiefs   was  held  to 
decide  the  fate  of  the  prisoners,  and  it  was  agreed  to  deliver  them 


UUi  KINZIE  HOUSE. 


to  the  British  commander  at  Detroit.  After  dark,  many  warriors 
from  a  distance  came  into  camp,  who  were  thirsting  for  blood,  and 
were  determined  to  murder  the  prisoners  regardless  of  the  terms  of 
surrender.  Black  Partridge,  with  a  few  of  his  friends,  surrounded 
Kinzie's  house  to  protect  the  inmates  from  the  tomahawks  of  the 
bloodthirsty  savages.  Soon  a  band  of  hostile  warriors  rushed  by 
them  into  the  liouse,  and  stood  with  tomahawks  and  scalping-knives, 
awaiting  the  signal  from  their  chief  to  commence  the  work  of  death.. 


66  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

Black  Partridge  said  to  Mrs.  Kinzie:  "We  are  doing  everything 
in  our  power  to  save  jou,  but  all  is  now  lost;  you  and  your  friends, 
together  with  all  the  prisoners  of  the  camp,  will  now  be  siain."  At 
that  moment  a  canoe  was  heard  approaching  the  shore,  when  Black 
Partridge  ran  down  to  the  river,  trying  in  the  darkness  to  make  out 
the  new  comers,  and  at  the  same  time  shouted,  "Who  are  you?" 
In  the  bow  of  the  approaching  canoe  stood  a  tall,  manly  personage, 
with  a  rifle  in  his  hand.  He  jumped  ashore  exclaiming,  "  I  am 
Sau-ga-nash."  "Then  make  all  speed  to  the  house;  our  friends  are 
in  danger,  and  you  only  can  save  them.''  It  was  Billy  Caldwell, 
the  half-breed  Wyandot.  He  hurried  forward,  entered  the  house 
with  a  resolute  step,  deliberately  removed  his  accouterments,  placed 
his  rifle  behind  the  door,  and  saluted  the  Indians:  "  How  now,  ray 
friends!  a  good  day  to  you.  I  was  told  there  were  enemies  here, 
but  am  glad  to  find  only  friends."  Diverted  by  the  coolness  of  his 
manner,  they  were  ashamed  to  avow  their  murderous  purpose,  and 
simply  asked  for  some  cotton  goods  to  wrap  their  dead,  for  burial. 
And  thus,  by  his  presence  of  mind,  Caldwell  averted  the  murder  of 
the  Kinzie  family  and  the  prisoners.  The  latter,  with  their  wives 
and  children,  were  dispersed  among  the  Pottawatomie  tribes  along 
the  Illinois,  Rock  and  Wabash  rivers,  and  some  to  Milwaukee. 
The  most  of  them  were  ransomed  at  Detroit  the  following  spring. 
A  part  of  them,  however,  remained  in  captivity  another  year. 

EXPEDITION    AGAINST    THE    INDIANS. 

By  the  middle  of  August,  through  the  disgraceful  surrender  of 
Gen.  Hull,  at  Detroit,  and  the  evacuation  of  Fort  Dearborn  and 
massacre  of  its  garrison,  the  British  and  Indians  were  in  possession  of 
the  whole  Northwest.  The  savages,  emboldened  by  their  successes, 
penetrated  deeper  into  the  settlements,  committing  great  depre- 
dations. The  activity  and  success  of  the  enemy  aroused  the  people 
to  a  realization  of  the  erreat  danger  their  homes  and  families  were 
in.  Gov.  Edwards  collected  a  force  of  350  men  at  Camp  Russell, 
and  Capt.  Russell  came  from  Yincennes  with  about  50  more.  Being 
officered  and  equipped,  they  proceeded  about  the  middle  of  October 
on  horseback,  carrying  with  them  20  days'  rations,  to  Peoria.  Capt. 
Craig  was  sent  with  two  boats  up  the  Illinois,  with  provisions 
and  tools  to  build  a  fort.  The  little  army  proceeded  to  Peoria 
Lake,  where  was  located  a  Pottawatomie  village.     They  arrived  late 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  67 

at  night,  within  a  few  miles  of  the  village,  without  their  presence 
being  known  to  the  Indians.  Four  men  were  sent  out  that  night 
to  reconnoiter  the  position  of  the  village.  The  four  brave  men  who 
volunteered  for  this  perilous  service  were  Thomas  Carlin  (after- 
ward Governor),  and  Ivobert,  Stephen  and  Davis  Whiteside.  They 
proceeded  to  the  village,  and  explored  it  and  the  approaches  to  it 
thoroughly,  without  starting  an  Indian  or  provoking  the  bark  of  a 
dog.  The  low  lands  between  the  Indian  village  and  the  troops  were 
covered  with  a  rank  growth  of  tall  grass,  eo  high  and  dense  as  to 
readily  conceal  an  Indian  on  horseback,  until  within  a  few  feet  of 
him.  The  ground  had  become  still  more  yielding  by  recent  rains, 
rendering  it  almost  imy^assable  by  mounted  men.  To  prevent  de- 
tection, the  soldiers  had  camped  without  lighting  the  usual  camp- 
fires.  The  men  lay  down  in  their  cold  and  cheerless  camp,  with 
many  misgivings.  They  well  remembered  how  the  skulking  sav- 
ages fell  upon  Harrison's  men  at  Tippecanoe  during  the  night.  To 
add  to  their  fears,  a  gun  in  the  hands  of  a  soldier  was  carelessly 
discharged,  raising  great  consternation  in  the  camp. 

AN    INDIAN     KILLED. 

Tlirough  a  dense  fog  which  prevailed  the  following  morning,  the 
army  took  up  its-  line  of  march  for  tlie  Indian  town,  Capt.  Judy 
with  his  corps  of  spies  in  advance.  In  the  tall  grass  they  came  up 
with  an  Indian  and  his  squaw,  both  mounted.  The  Indian  wanted 
to  eurrender,  but  Judy  observed  that  he  "did  not  leave  home  to  take 
prisoners, '  and  instantly  shot  one  of  them.  With  the  blood 
streaming  from  his  mouth  and  nose,  and  in  his  agony  "singing  the 
death  song,"  the  dying  Indian  raised  his  gun,  shot  and  mortally 
wounded  a  Mr.  Wright,  and  in  a  few  minutes  expired.  Many  guns 
were  immediatelv  discharged  at  the  other  Indian,  not  then  known 
to  be  a  squaw,  all  of  which  missed  her.  Badly  scared,  and  her  hus- 
band killed  by  her  side,  the  agonizing  wails  of  the  squaw  were 
heart-rending.  She  was  taken  prisoner,  and  afterwards  restored 
to  her  nation. 

TOWN    BURNED. 

On  rearing  the  town  a  general  charge  was  made,  the  Indians 
fleeing  to  the  interior  wilderness.  Some  of  their  warriors  made  a 
stand,  when  a  sharp  engagement  occurred,  but  the  Indians  were 
routed.     In  their  flight  they  left  behind   all  their  winter's  store  of 


68  HISTOET   OF   ILLINOIS. 

provisions,  which  was  taken,  and  their  town  burned.  Some  Indian 
children  were  fouud  who  had  been  left  in  ihe  hurried  flight,  also 
some  disabled  adults,  oue  of  whom  was  in  a  starving  condition  and 
with  a  voracious  appetite  partook  of  the  bread  given  liim.  He  is 
said  to  have  been  killed  by  a  cowardly  trooper  straggling  behind, 
after  the  main  army  had  resumed  its  retrograde  march,  who  wanted 
to  be  able  to  boast  that  he  had  killed  an  Indian. 

About  the  time  Gov.  Edwards  started  with  his  little  band  against 
the  Indians,  Gen.  Hopkins,  with  2,000  Kentucky  riflemen,  left 
Viucennes  to  cross  the  prairies  of  Illinois  and  destroy  the  Indian 
villages  along  the  Illinois  river.  Edwards,  with  his  rangers,  ex- 
pected to  act  in  concert  with  Gen.  Hopkins'  riflemen.  After 
inarching  80  or  90  miles  into  the  enemy's  country.  Gen.  Hopkins' 
men  became  dissatisfied,  and  on  Oct.  20  the  entire  army  turned 
and  retreated  homeward  before  ev^en  a  foe  had  been  met.  After  the 
victory  of  the  Illinois  rangers  they  heard  nothing  of  Gen.  Hopkins 
and  his  2,000  mounted  Kentucky  riflemen ;  and  apprehensive  that  a 
large  force  of  warriors  would  be  speedily  collected,  it  was  deemed 
prudent  not  to  protract  their  stay,  and  accordingly  the  retrograde 
march  was  commenced  the  very  day  of  the  attack. 

PEOEIA     BURNED. 

The  force  of  Capt.  Craig,  in  charge  of  the  provision  boats,  was 
not  idle  during  this  time.  They  proceeded  to  Peoria,  where  they 
were  fired  on  by  ten  Indians  during  the  night,  who  immediately 
fled.  Capt.  Craig  discovered,  at  daylight,  their  tracks  leading  up 
into  the  French  town.  He  inquired  of  the  French  their  where- 
abouts, who  denied  all  knowledge  of  them,  and  said  they  "  had 
heard  or  seen  nothing;  "  but  he  took  the  entire  number  prisoners, 
burned  and  destroyed  Peoria,  and  bore  the  ca|)tured  inhabitants 
away  on  his  boats  to  a  point  below  the  present  city  of  Alton,  where 
he  landed  and  left  them  in  the  woods, — men,  women,  and  cliildren, — 
in  the  inclement  month  of  November,  without  shelter,  and  without 
food  other  than  the  slender  stores  they  had  themselves  gathered  up 
before  their  departure.  Tliey  found  their  way  to  St.  Louis  in  an 
almost  starving  condition.  The  burning  of  Peoria  and  taking  its 
inhabitants  prisoners,  on  the  mere  suspicion  that  they  sympathized 
with  the  Indians,  was  generally  regarded  as  a  needless,  if  not 
wanton,  act  of  military  power. 


PONTIAC.  THE  OTTAWA  CHIEF. 


HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS.  71 

SECOND    EXPEDITION    AGAINST    THE    INDIANS. 

In  the  early  part  of  1813,  the  country  was  put  in  as  good  defense 
as  the  sparse  popuhition  admitted.  In  spite  of  the  precaution  taken, 
numerous  depredations  and  murders  were  committed  bj  the  In- 
dians, which  again  aroused  the  whites,  and  another  expedition  was 
sent  against  the  foe,  who  had  collected  in  large  numbers  in  and 
around  Peoria.  This  army  was  composed  of  about  900  men,  collect- 
ed from  both  Illinois  and  Missouri,  and  under  command  of  Gen. 
Howard.  They  marched  across  the  broad  prairies  of  Illinois  to 
Peoria,  where  there  was  a  small  stockade  in  charge  of  United  States 
troops.  Two  days  previously  the  Indians  made  an  attack  on  the 
fort,  but  were  repulsed.  Being  in  the  enemy's  country,  knowing 
their  stealthy  habits,  and  the  troops  at  no  time  observing  a  high  de- 
gree of  discipline,  many  unnecessary  night  alarms  occurred,  yet  the 
enemy  were  far  away.  The  army  marched  up  the  lake  to  Chili- 
cothe,  burning  on  its  way  two  deserted  villages.  At  the  present 
site  of  Peoria  the  troops  remained  in  camp  several  weeks.  While 
there  they  built  a  fort,  which  they  named  in  honor  of  Gen.  George 
Rogers  Clark,  who  with  his  brave  Virginians  wrested  Illinois  from 
the  English  during  the  Revolutionary  struggle.  This  fort  was  de- 
stroyed by  fire  in  1818.  It  gave  a  name  to  Peoria  which  it  wore  for 
several  years.  After  the  building  of  Fort  Crevecceur,  in  1680,  Peo- 
ria lake  was  very  familiar  to  Western  travel  and  history;  but  there 
is  no  authentic  account  of  a  permanent  European  settlement  there 
until  1778,  when  Laville  de  Meillet,  named  after  its  founder,  was 
started.  Owing  to  the  quality  of  the  water  and  its  greater  salu- 
brity, the  location  was  changed  to  the  present  site  of  Peoria,  and  by 
1796  the  old  had  been  entirely  abandoned  for  the  new  village. 
After  its  destruction  in  1812  it  was  not  settled  again  until  1819, 
and  then  by  American  pioneers,  though  in  1813  Fort  Clark  was 
built  there. 

EXPEDITION    UP    THE    MISSISSIPPI. 

The  second  campaign  against  the  Indians  at  Peoria  closed  with- 
out an  engagement,  or  even  a  sight  of  the  enemy,  yet  great  was  the 
benefit  derived  from  it.  It  showed  to  the  Indians  the  power  and 
resources  of  his  white  foe.  Still  the  calendar  of  the  horrible  deeds 
of  butchery  of  the  following  year  is  long  and  bloody.  A  joint  ex- 
pedition again  moved  against  the  Indians  in   1814,  under  Gov. 


72  HISTORY    OF   ILLINOIS. 

Clark  of  Missouri.  This  time  they  went  up  the  Mississippi  in 
barges,  Prairie  du  Cliien  being  the  point  of  destination.  There  tliey 
found  a  small  garrison  of  British  troops,  which,  however,  soon  fled, 
as  did  the  inhabitants,  leaving  Clark  in  full  possession.  He  im- 
mediately set  to  work  and  erected  Fort  Shelby.  The  Governor 
returned  to  St.  Louis,  leaving  his  men  in  peaceable  possession  of 
the  place,  but  a  large  force  of  British  and  Indians  came  down  upon 
them,  and  the  entire  garrison  surrendered.  In  the  mean  time  Gen. 
Howard  sent  108  men  to  strengthen  the  garrison.  Of  this  number 
66  were  Illinois  rangers,  under  Capts.  Rector  and  Riggs,  who  oc- 
cupied two  boats.     The  remainder  were  with  Lieut.  Campbell. 

A    DESPERATE    FIGHT. 

At  Rock  Island  Campbell  was  warned  to  turn  back,  as  an  attack 
was  contemplated.  The  other  boats  passed  on  up  the  river  and 
were  some  two  miles  ahead  when  Campbell's  barge  was  struck  by  a 
strong  gale  which  forced  it  against  a  small  island  near  the  Illinois 
shore.  Thinking  it  best  to  lie  to  till  the  wind  abated,  sentinels 
were  stationed  while  the  men  went  ashore  to  cook  breakfast.  At 
this  time  a  large  number  of  Indians  on  the  main  shore  under 
Black  Hawk  commenced  an  attack.  The  savages  in  canoes  passed 
rapidly  to  the  island,  and  with  a  war-whoop  rushed  upon  the  men, 
who  retreated  and  sought  refuge  in  the  barge.  A  battle  of  brisk 
musketry  now  ensued  between  the  few  regulars  aboard  the  stranded 
barge  and  the  hordes  of  Indians  under  cover  of  trees  on  the  island, 
with  severe  loss  to  the  former.  Meanwhile  Capt.  Rector  and  Riggs, 
ahead  with  their  barges,  seeing  the  smoke  of  battle,  attempted  to 
return;  but  in  the  strong  gale  Riggs'  boat  became  unmanageable 
and  was  stranded  on  the  rapids.  Rector,  to  avoid  a  similar  disaster, 
let  go  his  anchor.  The  rangers,  however,  opened  with  good  aim 
and  telling  effect  upon  the  savages.  The  unequal  combat  having 
raged  for  some  time  and  about  closing,  the  commander's  barge, 
with  many  wounded  and  several  dead  on  board, — among:  the  former 
of  whom,  very  badly,  was  Campbell  himself, — was  discovered  to  be 
on  fire.  Now  Rector  and  his  bi'ave  Illinois  rangers,  comprehending 
the  horrid  situation,  performed,  without  delay,  as  cool  and  heroic  a 
deed — and  did  it  well — as  ever  imperiled  the  life  of  mortal  man. 
In  the  howling  gale,  in  full  view  of  hundreds  of  infuriated  savages, 
and  within  range  of  their  rifles,  they  deliberately  raised  anchor, 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  T3 

liglitened  their  barge  by  casting  overboard  quantities  of  provisions, 
and  guided  it  with  the  utmost  labor  down  the  switt  current,  to  the 
windward  of  the  burning  barge,  and  under  the  galling  fire  of  the 
enemy  rescued  all  the  survivors,  and  removed  the  wounded  and 
dying  to  their  vessel.  This  was  a  deed  of  noble  daring  and  as 
heroic  as  any  performed  during  the  war  in  the  West.  Rector  hur- 
ried with  his  over-crowded  vessel  to  St.  Louis. 

It  was  now  feared  that  Riggs  and  his  company  were  captured 
and  sacrificed  by  the  savages.  His  vessel,  which  was  strong  and  well 
armed,  was  for  a  time  surrounded  by  the  Indians,  but  the  whites 
on  the  inside  were  well  sheltered.  The  wind  becoming  allayed  in 
the  evening,  the  boat,  under  cover  of  the  night,  glided  safel}^  down 
the  river  without  the  loss  of  a  single  man. 

STILL    ANOTHER    EXPEDITION. 

Notwithstanding  the  disastrous  termination  of  the  two  expedi- 
tions already  sent  out,  during  the  year  1814,  still  another  was  pro- 
jected. It  was  under  Maj.  Zachary  Taylor,  afterward  President. 
Rector  and  Whiteside,  with  the  Illinoisan,  were  in  command  of 
boats.  The  expedition  passed  Rock  Island  unmolested,  when  it 
was  learned  the  country  was  not  only  swarming  with  Indians,  but 
that  the  English  were  there  in  command  with  a  detachment  of  regu- 
lars and  artillerv.  The  advanced  boats  in  command  of  Rector,  White- 
side  and  Hempstead,  turned  about  and  began  to  descend  the  rapids, 
fighting  with  great  gallantry  the  hordes  of  the  enemy,  who  were 
pouring  their  fire  into  them  from  the  shore  at  every  step. 

Near  the  mouth  of  Rock  river  Maj.  Taylor  anchored  his  fleet  out 
in  the  Mississippi.  During  the  night  the  English  planted  a  battery 
of  six  pieces  down  at  the  water's  edge,  to  sink  or  disable  the  boats, 
and  filled  the  islands  with  red-skins  to  butcher  the  whites,  who 
might,  unarmed,  seek  refuge  there.  But  in  this  scheme  they  were 
frustrated.  In  the  morning  Taylor  ordered  all  the  force,  except  20 
boatmen  on  each  vessel,  to  the  upper  island  to  dislodge  the  enemy. 
The  order  was  executed  with  great  gallantry,  the  island  scoured, 
many  of  the  savages  killed,  and  the  rest  driven  to  the  lower  island. 
In  the  meantime  the  British  cannon  told  with  eflfect  upon  the  fleet. 
The  men  rushed  back  and  the  boats  were  dropped  down  the  stream 
out  of  range  of  the  cannon.  Capt.  Rector  was  now  ordered  with 
his  company  to  make  a  sortie  on  the  lower  island,  which  he  did, 


74  HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS. 

driving  the  Indians  back  among  the  willows ;  but  they  being  re-in- 
forced,  in  turn  hurled  Rector  back  upon  the  sand-beach. 

A  council  of  officers  called  by  Taylor  had  by  this  time  decided 
that  their  force  was  too  small  to  contend  with  the  enemy,  who 
outnumbered  them  tliree  to  one,  and  the  boats  were  in  full  retreat 
down  the  river.  As  Hector  attempted  to  get  under  way  his  boat 
grounded,  and  the  savages,  with  demoniac  yells,  surrounded  it, 
when  a  most  desperate  hand-to-hand  conflict  ensued.  The  gallant 
ranger,  Samuel  Whiteside,  observing  the  imminent  peril  of  his 
brave  Illinois  comrade,  went  immediately  to  his  rescue,  who  but  for 
his  timely  aid  would  undoubtedly  have  been  overpowered,  with  all 
his  force,  and  murdered. 

Thus  ended  the  last,  like  the  two  previous  expeditions  up  the 
Mississippi  during  the  war  of  1S12,  in  defeat  and  disaster.  The 
enerny  was  in  undisputed  posession  of  all  the  country  north  of  the 
Illinois  river,  and  the  prospects  respecting  those  territories  boded 
nothing  but  gloom.  "With  the  approach  of  winter,  however,  Indian 
depredations  ceased  to  be  committed,  and  the  peace  of  Ghent,  Dec. 
24,  1814,  closed  the  war. 

ILLINOIS  AS  A  STATE. 

ORGANIZATION. 

In  January  of  1818  the  Territorial  Legislature  forwarded  to 
Nathaniel  Pope,  delegate  in  Congress  from  Illinois,  a  petition  pray- 
ing for  admission  into  the  national  Union  as  a  State.  On  April 
18th  of  the  same  year  Congress  passed  the  enabling  act,  and  Dec. 
3,  after  the  State  government  had  been  organized  and  Gov.  Bond 
had  signed  the  Constitution,  Congress  by  a  resolution  declared  Illi- 
nois to  be  "one  of  the  United  States  of  America,  and  admitted  into 
the  Union  on  an  equal  footing  with  the  original  States  in  all 
respects." 

The  ordinance  of  1787  declared  that  there  should  be  at  least  three 
States  carved  out  of  the  Northwestern  Territory.  The  boundaries 
of  the  three,  Ohio,  Indiana  and  Illinois,  were  fixed  by  this  law. 
Congress  reserved  the  power,  however,  of  forming  two  other  States 
out  of  the  territory  which  lies  north  of  an  east  and  west  line  drawn 
through  the  southern  boundary  of  Lake  Michigan.  It  was  generally 
conceded  that  this  line  would  be  the  northern  boundary  of  Illinois  ; 


HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  75 

but  as  this  would  give  tlie  State  no  coast  on  Lake  Michigan;  and 
rob  her  of  the  port  of  Chicago  and  the  northern  terminus  of  the 
Illinois  &  Michigan  canal  which  was  then  contemplated,  Judge 
Pope  had  the  northern  boundary  moved  fifty  miles  further  north. 

BOUNDARY     CHANGED. 

!N'ot  only  is  Illinois  indebted  to  Nathaniel  Pope  for  the  port  where 
now  enter  and  depart  more  vessels  during  the  year  than  in  any 
other  port  in  the  world,  for  the  northern  terminus  of  the  Illinois 
&  Michigan  ca::al,  and  for  the  lead  mines  at  Galena,  but  the  nation, 
the  undivided  Union,  is  largely  indebted  to  him  for  its  perpetuity. 
It  was  he, — his  foresight,  statesmanship  and  energy, — that  bound 
our  confederated  Union  with  bands  of  iron  that  can  never  be  broken. 
The  geographical  position  of  Illinois,  with  her  hundreds  of  miles 
of  water-courses,  is  such  as  to  make  her  the  key  to  the  grand  arch 
of  Northern  and  Southern  States.  Extending  from, the  great  chain 
of  lakes  on  the  north,  with  snow  and  ice  of  the  arctic  region,  to  the 
cotton-fields  of  Tennessee  ;  peopled,  as  it  is,  by  almost  all  races, 
classes  and  conditions  of  the  human  family  ;  guided  by  the  various 
and  diversified  political,  agricultural,  religious  and  educational 
teachings  common  to  both  North  and  South, — Illinois  can  control, 
and  has  controlled,  the  destinies  of  our  united  and  beloved  republic. 
Pope  seemingly  foresaw  that  a  struggle  to  dissolve  the  Union  would 
be  made.  With  a  prophetic  eye  he  looked  down  the  stream  of  time 
for  a  half  century  and  saw  the  great  conflict  between  the  South  and 
North,  caused  by  a  determination  to  dissolve  the  confederation  of 
States;  and  to  preserve  the  Union,  he  gave  to  Illinois  a  lake  coast. 

Gov.  Ford,  in  his  History  of  Illinois,  wi'itten  in  1847,  while 
speaking  of  this  change  of  boundary  and  its  influence  upon  our 
nation,  says: 

"What,  then,  was  the  duty  of  the  national  Government?  Illinois 
was  certain  to  be  a  great  State,  with  any  boundaries  which  that 
Government  could  give.  Its  great  extent  of  territory,  its  unrivaled 
fertility  of  soil  and  capacity  for  sustaining  a  dense  population, 
together  with  its  commanding  position,  would  in  course  of  time 
give  the  new  State  a  very  controlling  inflfience  with  her  sister 
States  situated  upon  the  Western  rivers,  either  in  sustaining  the 
federal  Union  as  it  is,  or  in  dissolving  it  and  establishing  new  gov- 
ernments.    If  left  entirely  upon  the  waters  of  these  great  rivers,  it 


76  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

was  plain  that,  in  case  of  threatened  disruption,  the  interest  of  the 
new  IState  would  be  to  join  a  Southern  and  Western  confederacy; 
but  if  a  large  portion  of  it  could  be  made  dependent  upon  the  com- 
merce and  navigation  of  the  great  northern  lakes,  connected  as  they 
are  with  the  Eastern  States,  a  rival  interest  would  be  created  to 
check  the  wish  for  a  Western  and  Southern  confederacy. 

"  It  therefore  became  tlie  duty  of  the  national  Government  not 
only  to  make  Illinois  strong,  but  to  raise  an  interest  inclining  and 
binding  her  to  the  Eastern  and  JSTorthern  portions  of  the  Union. 
This  could  be  done  only  through  an  interest  in  the  lakes.  At  that 
time  the  commerce  on  the  lakes  was  small,  but  its  increase  was  con- 
fidently expected,  and,  indeed,  it  has  exceeded  all  anticipations, 
and  is  yet  only  in  its  infancy.  To  accomplish  this  object  efi'ectually, 
it  was  not  only  necessary  to  give  to  Illinois  the  port  of  Chicago  and 
a  route  for  the  canal,  but  a  considerable  coast  on  Lake  Michigan, 
with  a  country  back  of  it  sufficiently  extensive  to  contain  a  popu- 
lation capable  of  exerting  a  decided  influence  upon  the  councils  of 
the  State, 

"  There  would,  therefore,  be  a  large  commerce  of  the  north,  west- 
ern and  central  portion  of  the  State  afloat  on  the  lakes,  for  it  was 
then  foreseen  that  the  canal  would  be  made;  and  this  alone  would 
be  like  turning  one  of  the  many  mouths  of  the  Mississippi  into 
Lake  Michigan  at  Chicago.  A  very  large  commerce  of  the  center 
and  south  would  be  found  both  upon  the  lakes  and  rivers.  Asso- 
ciations in  business,  in  interest,  and  of  friendship  would  be  formed, 
both  with  the  Xorth  and  the  South.  A  State  thus  situated,  having 
such  a  decided  interest  in  the  commerce,  and  in  tlie  preservation  of 
the  whole  confederacj',  can  never  consent  to  disunion ;  for  the  Union 
cannot  be  dissolved  without  a  division  and  disruption  of  the  State 
itself.  These  views,  urged  by  Judge  Pope,  obtained  the  unquali- 
fied assent  of  the  statesmen  of  1818. 

"  These  facts  and  views  are  worthy  to  be  recorded  in  history  as 
a  standing  and  perpetual  call  upon  Ulinoisans  of  every  age  to 
remember  the  great  trust  which  has  been  reposed  in  them,  as  the 
peculiar  champions  and  guardians  of  the  Union  by  the  great  men 
and  patriot  sages  who  adorned  and  governed  this  country  in  the 
earlier  and  better  days  of  the  Republic." 

During  the  dark  and  trying  days  of  the  Kebellion,  well  did  she 
remember  this  sacred  trust,  to  protect  which  two  hundred  thousand 


HISTOKY    OF   ILLINOIS.  77 

of  her  sons  went  to  the  bloody  field  of  battle,  crowning  their  arms 
with  the  laurels  of  war,  and  keeping  inviolate  the  solemn  obliga- 
tions bequeathed  to  them  by  their  fathers. 

FIRST    CONSTITUTION. 

In  July  and  August  of  1818  a  convention  was  held  at  Kaskaskia 
for  the  purpose  of  drafting  a  constitution.  This  constitution  was 
not  submitted  to  a  vote  of  the  people  for  their  approval  or  i^ejection, 
it  being  well  known  that  they  would  approve  it.  It  was  about  the 
first  organic  law  of  any  State  in  the  Union  to  abolish  imprisonment 
for  debt.  The  first  election  under  the  constitution  was  held  on  the 
third  Thursday  and  the  two  succeeding  days  in  September,  1818. 
Shadrach  Bond  was  elected  Governor,  and  Pierre  Menard  Lieuten- 
ant Governor.  Their  term  of  office  extended  four  years.  At  this 
time  che  State  was  divided  into  fifteen  counties,  the  population  being 
about  40,000.  Of  this  number  by  far  the  larger  portion  were  from 
the  Southern  States.  The  salary  of  the  Governor  was  $1,000,  while 
that  of  the  Treasurer  was  $500.  The  Legislature  re-enacted,  ver- 
batim, the  Territorial  Code,  the  penalties  of  which  were  unneces- 
sarily severe.  Whipping,  stocks  and  pillory  were  used  for  minor 
offenses,  and  for  arson,  rape,  horse-stealing,  etc.,  death  bv  hano-ino- 
was  the  penalty.    These  laws,  iiowever,  were  modified  in  1821. 

The  Legislature  first  convened  at  Kaskaskia,  the  ancient  seat  of 
empire  for  more  than  one  hundred  and  fifty  years,  both  for  the 
French  and  Americans.  Provisions  were  made,  however,  for  the 
removal  of  the  seat  of  government  by  this  Legislature.  A  place  in  the 
wilderness  on  the  Kaskaskia  river  was  selected  and  named  Yandalia. 
From  Yandalia  it  was  removed  to  Springfield  in  the  year  1837. 

DERIVATION     OF     THE     NAME     ILLINOIS. 

The  name  of  this  beautiful  "Prairie  State"  is  derived  from 
Illini.'Axx  Indian  word  signifying  superior  men.  It  has  a  French 
termination,  and  is  a  symbol  of  the  manner  in  which  the  two  races, 
the  French  and  Indians,  were  intermixed  during  the  early  history 
of  the  country.  The  appellation  was  no  doubt  well  applied  to  the 
primitive  inhabitants  of  the  soil,  whose  prowess  in  savage  warfare 
long  withstood  the  combined  attacks  of  the  fierce  Iroquois  on  the 
one  side,  and  the  no  less  savage  and  relentless  Sacs  and  Foxes  on  the 
other.  The  Illinois  were  once  a  powerful  confederacy,  occupying 
the  most  beautiful  and  fertile  region  in  the  great  valley  of  the 


78  HISTORY   OF    ILLINOIS. 

Mississippi,  which  their  enemies  coveted  and  struggled  long  and 
hard  to  wrest  from  them.  Bj  the  fortunes  of  war  thej  were  dimin- 
ished in  number  and  finally  destroyed.  "  Starved  Rock,"  on  the 
Illinois  river,  according  to  tradition,  commemorates  their  last  trag- 
edy, where,  it  is  said,  the  entire  tribe  starved  rather  than  surrender. 

The  low  cognomen  of  "  Sucker,"  as  applied  to  lUinoisans,  is  said 
to  have  had  its  origin  at  the  Galena  lead  mines.  In  an  early  day, 
when  these  extensive  mines  were  being  worked,  men  would  run  up 
the  Mississippi  river  in  steamboats  in  the  spring,  work  the  lead 
mines,  and  in  the  fall  return,  thus  establishing,  as  was  supposed,  asim- 
ilitude  between  their  migratory  habits  and  tiiose  of  the  fishy  tribe 
called  "Suckers."  For  this  reason  the  Illinoisans  have  ever  since 
been  distinguished  by  the  epithet  "  Suckers."  Those  who  stayed 
at  the  mines  over  winter  were  mostly  from  Wisconsin,  and  were 
called  "  Badgers."  One  spring  the  Missourians  poured  into  the 
mines  in  such  numbers  that  the  State  was  said  to  have  taken  a  puke, 
and  the  offensive  appellation  of  "  Pukes  "  was  afterward  applied  to 
all  Missourians. 

The  southern  part  of  the  State,  known  as  "  Egypt,"  received  this 
appellation  because,  being  older,  better  settled  and  cultivated,  grain 
was  had  in  greater  abundance  than  in  the  central  and  northern  por- 
tion, and  the  immigrants  of  this  region,  after  the  manner  of  the 
children  of  Israel,  went  "thitlier  to  buy  and  to  bring  from  thence 
that  they  might  live  and  not  die." 

STATE    BANK. 

The  Legislature,  during  the  latter  years  of  territorial  existence, 
granted  charters  to  several  banks.  The  result  was  that  paper  money 
became  very  abundant,  times  flush,  and  credit  unlimited;  and  every- 
body invested  to  the  utmost  limit  of  his  credit,  with  confident 
expectation  of  realizing  a  handsome  advance  before  the  expiration 
of  his  credit,  from  the  throng  of  immigrants  then  pouring  into  the 
country.  By  1819  it  became  apparent  that  a  day  of  reckoning 
would  approach  before  their  dreams  of  fortune  could  be  realized. 
Banks  everywhere  began  to  waver,  paper  money  became  depreci- 
ated, and  gold  and  silver  driven  out  of  the  country.  The  Legisla- 
ture sought  to  bolster  up  the  times  by  incorporating  the  ''  Bank 
of  Illinois,"  which,  with  several  branches,  was  created  by  the  ses- 
sion of  1821.  This  bank,  being  wholly  supported  by  the  credit  of 
the  State,  was  to  issue  one,  two,  three,  five,  ten  and  twenty-dollar 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  79 

notes.  It  was  the  duty  of  the  bank  to  advance,  upon  personal  prop- 
erty, money  to  the  amount  of  $100,  and  a  larger  amount  upon  real 
estate.  All  taxes  and  public  salaries  could  be  paid  in  such  bills; 
and  if  a  creditor  refused  to  take  them,  he  had  to  wait  three  years 
longer  before  he  could  collect  his  debt.  The  people  imagined  that 
simply  because  the  government  had  issued  the  notes,  they  would 
remain  at  par;  and  although  this  evidently  could  not  be  the  case, 
they  were  yet  so  infatuated  with  their  project  as  actually  to  request 
the  United  States  government  to  receive  them  in  payment  for  their 
public  lands!  Although  there  were  not  wanting  men  who,  like 
John  McLean,  the  Speaker  of  the  House  of  Representatives,  fore- 
saw the  dangers  and  evils  likely  to  arise  from  the  creation  of  such 
a  bank,  by  tar  the  greater  part  of  the  people  were  in  favor  of  it. 
The  new  bank  was  themfore  started.  The  new  issue  of  bills  by  the 
bank  of  course  only  aggravated  the  evil,  heretofore  so  grievously 
felt,  of  the  absence  of  s])ecie,  so  that  the  people  were  soon  com- 
pelled to  cut  their  bills  in  halves  and  quarters,  in  order  to  make 
small  change  in  trade.  Finally  the  paper  currency  so  rapidly  depre- 
ciated that  three  dollars  in  these  bills  were  considered  worth  only 
.one  in  specie,  and  the  State  not  only  did  not  increase  its  revenue, 
but  lost  full  two-thirds  of  it,  and  expended  three  times  the  amount 
required  to  pay  the  expenses  of  the  State  government. 

Lafayette's  visit. 
In  the  spring  of  1825  the  brave  and  generous  LaFayette  visited 
Illinois,  accepting  the  earnest  invitation  of  the  General  Assembly, 
and  an  affectionately  written  letter  of  Gov.  Cole's,  who  had  formed 
his  personal  acquaintance  in  France  in  1817.  The  General  in  reply 
said:  "  It  has  been  my  eager  desire,  and  it  is  now  my  earnest  inten- 
tion, to  visit  the  Western  States,  and  particularly  the  State  of  Illi- 
nois. The  feelings  which  your  distant  welcome  could  not  fail  to 
excite  have  increased  that  patriotic  eagerness  to  admire  on  that 
blessed  spot  the  happy  and  rapid  results  of  republican  institutions, 
public  and  domestic  virtues.  I  shall,  after  the  22d  of  February 
(anniversary  daj'),  leave  here  for  a  journey  to  the  Southern  States, 
and  from  New  Orleans  to  the  Western  States,  so  as  to  return  to 
Boston  on  the  14th  of  June,  when  the  corner-stone  of  the  Bunker 
Hill  monument  is  to  be  laid, — a  ceremony  sacred  to  the  whole  Union 
and  in  which  I  have  been  engaged  to  act  a  peculiar  and  honorable 
part." 


80  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

General  LaFayette  and  suite,  attended  by  a  large  delegation  of 
prominent  citizens  of  Missouri,  made  a  visit  by  the  steamer  jS'atch- 
ez  to  the  ancient  town  of  Kaskaskia.  No  military  parade  was 
attempted,  but  a  multitude  of  patriotic  citizens  made  him  welcome. 
A  reception  was  held,  Gov.  Cole  delivering  a  glowing  address  of 
welcome.  During  the  progress  of  a  grand  ball  held  that  night,  a 
very  interestinor  interview  took  place  between  the  honored  General 
and  an  Indian  squaw  whose  father  had  served  under  him  in  the 
Revolutionary  war.  The  squaw,  learning  that  the  great  white  chief 
was  to  be  at  Kaskaskia  on  that  night,  had  ridden  all  day,  from  early 
dawn  till  sometime  in  the  night,  from  her  distant  home,  to  see 
tlie  man  whose  name  had  been  so  often  on  her  father's  tongue,  and 
with  which  she  was  so  familiar.  In  identification  of  her  claim  to 
his  distinguished  acquaintance,  she  brought  with  her  an  old,  worn 
letter  which  the  General  had  written  to  her  father,  and  which  the 
Indian  chief  had  preserved  with  great  care,  and  finally  bequeathed 
on  his  death-bed  to  his  daughter  as  the  most  precious  legacy  he  had 
to  leave  her. 

By  12  o'clock  at  night  Gen.  La  Fayette  returned  to  his  boat  and 
started  South.     The  boat  was  chartered  by  the  State. 

EA.RLY    GOVERNOR?^. 

In  the  year  1822  the  term  of  office  of  the  first  Governor,  Shadrach 
Bond,  expired.  Two  parties  sprung  up  at  this  time, — one  favorable, 
the  other  hostile,  to  tlie  introduction  of  slavery,  each  proposing  a 
candidate  of  its  own  for  Governor.  Both  parties  worked  hard  to 
secure  the  election  of  their  respective  candidates;  but  the  people  at 
large  decided,  as  they  ever  have  been  at  heart,  in  favor  of  a  free 
State.  Edward  Coles,  an  anti-slavery  man,  was  elected,  although  a 
majority  of  the  Legislature  were  opposed  to  him.  The  subject  of 
principal  interest  during  his  administration  was  to  make  Illinois  a 
slave  State.  The  greatest  effort  was  made  in  1824,  and  the  propo- 
sition was  defeated  at  the  polls  by  a  majority  of  1,800.  The  aggre- 
gate vote  polled  was  11,612,  being  about  6,000  larger  than  at  the 
previous  State  election.  African  slaves  were  first  introduced  into 
Illinois  in  1Y20  bv  Renault,  a  Frenchman, 

Senator  Duncan,  afterward  Governor,  presented  to  the  Legisla- 
ture of  1824-5  a  bill  for  the  support  of  schools  by  a  public  tax;  and 
William  S.  Hamilton  presented  another  bill  requiring  a  tax  to  be 


HISTORY    OK    ILLINOIS.  81 

used  for  the  purpose  of  constructing  and  repairing  the  roads, — both 
of  which  bills  passed  and  became  laws.  But  although  these  laws 
conferred  an  incalculable  benelit  upon  the  public,  the  very  name  of 
a  tax  was  so  odious  to  the  people  that,  rather  than  pay  a  tax  of  the 
smallest  possible  amount,  they  preferred  working  as  they  formerly 
did,  five  days  during  the  year  on  the  roads,  and  would  allow  their 
children  to  grow  up  without  any  instruction  at  all.  Consequently 
both  laws  were  abolished  in  1826. 

In  the  year  1826  the  office  of  Governor  became  again  vacant. 
Ninian  Edwards,  Adolphus  F.  Hubbard  and  Thomas  C  Sloe  were 
candidates.  Edwards,  though  the  successful  candidate,  had  made 
himself  many  enemies  by  urging  strict  inquiries  to  be  made  into 
the  corruption  of  the  State  bank,  so  that  Jiad  it  not  been  for  his 
talents  and  noble  personal  appearance,  he  would  most  probably  not 
have  been  elected.  Hubbard  was  a  man  of  but  little  personal  merit. 
Of  him  tradition  has  preserved,  among  other  curious  sayings,  a 
speech  on  a  bill  granting  a  bounty  on  wolf-scalps.  This  speech, 
delivered  before  the  Legislature,  is  as  follows:  "Mr.  Speaker,  I  rise 
before  the  question  is  put  on  this  bill,  to  say  a  word  for  my  constit- 
uents. Mr.  Speaker,  I  have  never  seen  a  wolf.  I  cannot  say  that 
I  am  very  well  acquainted  with  the  nature  and  habits  of  wolves. 
Mr.  Speaker,  I  have  said  that  I  had  never  seen  a  vyolf;  but  now  I 
remember  that  once  on  a  time,  as  Judge  Brown  and  I  were  riding 
across  the  Bonpas  prairie,  we  looked  over  the  prairie  about  three 
miles,  and  Judge  Brown  said,  '  Hubbard,  look!  there  goes  a  wolf; ' 
and  I  looked,  and  I  looked,  and  I  looked,  and  I  said,  '  Judge,  where?' 
and  he  said,  'There!'  And  I  looked  again,  and  this  time  in  the 
edge  of  a  hazel  thicket,  about  three  miles  across  the  prairie,  I  think 
I  saw  the  wolf's  tail.  Mr.  Speaker,  if  I  did  not  see  a  wolf  that 
time,  I  think  I  never  saw  one;  but  I  have  heard  much,  and  read 
more,  about  this  animal.     I  have  studied  his  natural  history. 

"By  the  bye,  history  is  divided  into  two  parts.  There  is  first 
the  history  of  the  fabulous;  and  secondly,  of  the  non-fabulous,  or 
unknown  age.  Mr.  Speaker,  from  all  these  sources  of  information 
I  learn  that  the  wolf  is  a  very  noxious  animal ;  that  he  goes  prowl- 
ing about,  seeking  something  to  devour;  that  he  rises  up  in  the 
dead  and  secret  hours  of  night,  when  all  nature  reposes  in  silent 
oblivion,  and  then  commits  the  most  terrible  devastation  upon  the 
rising  generation  of  hogs  and  sheep. 


82  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

"  Mr.  Speaker,  I  have  done;  and  I  return  mj  thanks  to  the  house 
for  tlieir  kind  attention  to  my  remarks." 

Gov.  Edwards  was  a  large  and  v/ell-made  man,  vpith  a  noble, 
princely  appearance.  Of  him  Gov.  Ford  savs:  "He  never  con- 
descended to  the  common  low  art  of  electioneering.  Whenever  he 
went  out  among  the  people  he  arrayed  himself  in  the  style  of  a 
gentleman  of  the  olden  time,  dressed  in  fine  broadcloth,  with  short 
breeches,  long  stockings,  and  high,  fair-topped  boots;  was  drawn  in 
a  fine  carriage  driven  by  a  negro;  and  for  success  he  relied  upon  his 
speeches,  which  were  delivered  in  great  pom])  and  in  style  of  difi'iise 
and  florid  eloquence.  Wlieu  he  was  inaugurated  in  1826,  he 
appeared  before  the  General  Assembly  wearing  a  golden-laced  cloak, 
and  with  great  pomp  pronounced  his  first  message  to  the  houses 
of  the  Legislature." 

GRAMMAR   AND    COOK   CONTRASTED. 

Demagogism  had  an  early  development.  One  John  Grammar, 
who  was  elected  to  the  Territorial  Legislature  in  1816,  and  held  the 
position  for  about  twenty  years,  invented  the  policy  of  opposing 
every  new  thing,  saying,  "If  it  succeeds,  no  one  will  ask  who 
voted  against  it:  if  it  proves  a  failure,  he  could  quote  its  record." 
When  first  honored  with  a  seat  in  the  Assembly,  it  is  said  that 
he  lacked  the  apparel  necessary-  for  a  member  of  the  Legislature, 
and  in  order  to  procure  them  he  and  his  sons  gathered  a  large 
quantity  of  hazel-nuts,  which  were  taken  to  the  Ohio  Saline  and 
sold  for  cloth  to  make  a  coat  and  pantaloons.  The  cloth  was  the 
blue  strouding  commonly  used  by  the  Lidians. 

The  neighboring  women  assembled  to  make  up  the  garments;  the 
cloth  was  measured  every  way, — across,  lengthwise,  and  from  corner 
to  corner, — and  still  was  found  to  be  scant.  It  was  at  last  con- 
cluded to  make  a  very  short,  bob-tailed  coat  and  a  long  pair  of  leg- 
gins,  which  being  finished,  Mr.  Grammar  started  for  the  State 
capital.  In  sharp  contrast  with  Grammar  was  the  character  of  D. 
P.  Cook,  in  honor  of  whom  Cook  county  was  named.  Such  was 
his  transparent  integrity  and  remarkable  ability  that  his  will  was 
almost  the  law  of  the  State.  In  Cono-ress.  a  voung  man  and  from 
a  poor  State,  he  was  made  Chairman  of  the  Ways  and  Means  Com- 
mittee. He  was  pre-eminent  for  standing  by  his  committee,  regard- 
less of  consequences.    It  was  his  integrity  that  elected  John  Quincy 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  83 

Adams  to  the  Presidency.  There  were  four  candidates  in  1824, 
'  Jackson,  Clay,  Crawford  and  Adams.  Tn^re  being  no  choice  by 
the  people,  the  election  was  thrown  into  the  House.  It  was  so  bal- 
anced that  it  turned  on  his  vote,  and  that  he  cast  for  Adams,  elect- 
iiioj  him.  Ho  tlien  came  home  to  face  the  wrath  of  the  Jackson 
party  in  Illinois. 

The  first  mail  route  in  the  State  was  established  in  1805.  This 
was  from  Vincennes  to  Cahokia.  In  1824  there  was  a  direct  mail 
route  from  Vandalia  to  Springfield.  The  first  route  i'rom  the  central 
part  of  the  State  to  Chicago  was  established  in  1832,  from  Shelby- 
ville.  The  difficulties  and  dangers  encountered  by  the  early  mail 
carriers,  in  time  of  Indian  troubles,  were  very  serious.  The  bravery 
and  ingenious  devices  of  Harry  Milton  are  mentioned  with  special 
commendation.  When  a  boy,  in  1812,  he  conveyed  the  mail  on  a 
wild  French  pony  from  Shawneetown  to  St.  Louis,  over  swollen 
streams  and  through  the  enemy's  country.  So  infrequent  and 
irregular  were  the  communications  by  mail  a  great  part  of  the  time, 
that  to-day,  even  the  remotest  part  of  the  United  States  is  unable  to 
appreciate  it  by  example. 

The  first  newspaper  published  in  Illinois  was  the  Illinois  Herald^ 
established  at  Kaskaskia  by  Mathew  Duncan.  There  is  some  va- 
riance as  to  the  exact  time  of  its  establishment.  Gov.  Revnolds 
claimed  it  was  started  in  1809.  Wm.  H.  Brown,  afterwards  its 
editor,  gives  the  date  as  1814. 

In  1831  the  criminal  code  was  first  adapted  to  penitentiary  pun- 
ishment, ever  since  which  time  the  old  system  of  whipping  and 
pillory  for  the  punishment  of  criminals  has  l)een  disused. 

There  was  no  legal  rate  of  interest  till  1830.  Previously  the  rate 
often  reached  as  high  as  150  per  cent.,  but  was  usually  50  per  cent. 
Then  it  was  reduced  to  12,  then  to  10,  and  lastly  to  8  per  cent. 

INDIAM  TKOUBLES. 

WINNEBAGO    WAR. 

The  Indians,  who  for  some  years  were  on  peaceful  terms  with 
the  whites,  became  troublesome  in  1827.  The  Winnebagoes,  Sacs 
and  Foxes  and  other  tribes  had  been  at  war  for  more  than  a  hun- 
dred 3'ears.  In  the  summer  of  1827  a  war  party  of  the  TVinnebafjoes 
surprised  a  party  of  Chippewas  and  killed  eight  of  them.      Four 


84  HISTORY  OF  ILLINOIS. 

of  the  murderers  were  arrested  and  delivered  to  the  Chippewas, 
by  whom  they  were  immediately  shot.  This  was  the  first  irritation 
of  the  Winnebagoes.  Red  Bird,  a  chief  of  this  tribe,  in  order  to 
avenge  the  execution  of  the  four  warriors  of  his  own  people,  attacked 
the  Chippewas,  but  was  defeated;  and  being  determined  to  satisfy 
his  thirst  for  revenge  by  some  means,  surprised  and  killed  several 
white  men.  Upon  receiving  intelligence  of  these  murders,  the 
whites  who  were  working  the  lead  mines  in  the  vicinity  of  Galena 
formed  a  body  of  volnnteers,and,  re-inforced  by  a  company  of  United 
States  troops,  marched  into  the  country  of  the  Winnebagoes.  To 
save  their  nation  from  the  miseries  of  war,  Red  Bird  and  six  other 
men  of  his  nation  voluntarily  surrendered  themselves.  Some  of 
the  number  were  executed,  some  of  them  imprisoned  and  destined, 
like  Red  Bird,  ingloriously  to  pine  away  within  the  narrow  confines 
of  a  jail,  when  formerly  the  vast  forests  had  proven  too  limited  for 
them. 

JOHN  REYNOLDS  ELECTED  GOVERNOR, 

In  August,  1830,  another  gubernatorial  election  was  held.  The 
candidates  were  William  Kinney,  then  Lieutenant  Governor,  and 
John  Reynolds,  formerly  an  Associate  Justice  of  the  Supreme  Court, 
both  Jackson  Democrats.  The  opposition  brought  forward  no  can- 
didate, as  they  were  in  a  helpless  minority.  Reynolds  was  the 
successful  candidate,  and  under  his  administration  was  the  famous 

BLACK  HAWK  WAR. 

In  the  year  of  1804  a  treaty  was  concluded  between  the  United 
States  and  the  chiefs  of  the  Sac  and  Fox  nations.  One  old  chief  of 
the  Sacs,  however,  called  Black  Hawk,  who  had  fought  with  great 
bravery  in  the  service  of  Great  Britain  during  the  war  of  1812,  had 
always  taken  exceptions  to  this  treaty,  pronouncing  it  void.  In  1831 
he  established  himself,  with  a  chosen  band  of  warriors,  upon  the  dis- 
puted territory,  ordering  the  whites  to  leave  the  country  at  once.  The 
settlers  complaining,  Gov.  Reynolds  dispatched  Gen.  Gaines,  with  a 
company  of  regulars  and  1,500  volunteers,  to  the  scene  of  action. 
Taking  the  Indians  by  surprise,  the  troops  burnt  their  villages  and 
forced  them  to  conclude  a  treaty,  by  which  they  ceded  all  lands  east 
of  the  Mississippi,  and  agreed  to  remain  on  the  western  side  of  the 
river.  Necessity  forced  the  proud  spirit  of  Black  Hawk  into 
submission,  which  made  him  more  than  ever  deterniined  to   be 


BLACK  HAWK,  THE  SAC  CHIEF. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  87 

aveno-ed  npoi:  his  enemies.  Having  rallied  around  him  the  warlike 
braves  of  tiie  Sat-,  and  Fox.  natio^ns,  he  crossed  the  Mississippi  in  tiie 
spring  of  1(>32.  Upon  hearing  of  the  invasion,  Gov.  Reynolds 
hastily  collecte-'  a  body  of  1,800  volunteers,  placing  them  under  the 
command  oi  iiiig-Gen.  Samuel  Whiteside. 

stillman's  kun. 

The  army  marched  to  the  Mississippi,  and  havirig  reduced  to 
ashes  the  Indian  village  known  as  '-Prophet's  Town,''  proceeded 
for  several  miles  up  the  river  to  Dixon,  to  join  the  regular  forces 
under  Gen.  Atkinson.  They  found  at  Dixon  two  companies  of 
volunteers,  who,  sighing  for  glory,  were  dispatched  to  reconnoiter 
the  enemy.  Tliey  advanced  under  command  of  M:ij.  Stillman,  to  a 
creek  afterwards  called  "Stillman's  run;"  and  while  encamping 
there  saw  a  party  of  mounted  Indians  at  the  distance  of  a  mile. 
Several  of  SilUman's  party  mounted  their  horses  and  charged  the 
Indians,  killing  three  of  them;  but,  attacked  by  the  main  body 
under  Black  Hawk,  they  were  routed,  and  by  their  precipitate 
flight  spread  such  a  panic  through  the  camp  that  the  whole  company 
ran  off  to  Dixon  as  fast  as  their  logs  could  carry  them.  On  their 
arrival  it  was  found  that  there  had  been  eleven  killed.  The  party 
came  straggling  into  camp  all  night  long,  four  or  five  at  a  time, 
each  squad  positive  that  all  who  were  left  behind  were  massacred. 

It  is  said  that  a  big,  tall  Kentuckian,  with  a  loud  voice,  who 
was  a  colonel  of  the  militia  but  a  private  with  Stillman,  upon  his 
arrival  in  camr-  gave  to  Gen.  Whiteside  and  the  wondering  multi- 
tude the  follov/ino:  g-lowing  and  bombastic  account  of  the  battle: 
"Sirs,"  said  lie,  "our  detachment  was  encamped  among  some  scat- 
tering timber  on  the  north  side  of  Old  Man's  creek,  with  the  prairie 
from  the  north  gently  sloping  down  to  our  encampment.  It  was 
just  after  twilight,  in  the  gloaming  of  the  evening,  when  we  dis- 
covered Black  Hawk's  army  coming  down  upon  us  in  solid  column; 
they  displayed  in  the  form  of  a  crescent  upon  the  brow  of  the  prai- 
rie, and  such  accuracy  and  precision  of  military  movements  were 
never  witnessed  Dy  man;  they  were  equal  to  the  best  troops  of 
Wellington  in  Spain.  ^  have  said  that  the  Indians  came  down  in 
solid  columns,  and  displayed  in  the  form  of  a  crescent;  and  what  was 
most  wonderful,  there  were  large  squares  of  cavalry  resting  upon 
the  points  of  the  curve,  which  squares  were  supported  again  by 


88  HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

other  columns  fifteen  deep,  extending  back  through  the  woods  and 
over  a  swamp  three-quarters  of  a  mile,  which  again  rested  on  the 
main  bodv  of  Black  Hawk's  army  bivouacked  upon  the  banks  of  the 
Kishwakee.  It  was  a  terrible  and  a  glorious  sight  to  see  the  tawny 
warriors  as  they  rode  along  our  flanks  attempting  to  outflank  us, 
with  the  g.ittering  moonbeams  glistening  from  their  polished  blades 
and  burnished  spears.  It  was  a  sight  well  calculated  to  strike  con- 
sternation in  the  stoutest  and  boldest  heart;  and  accordingly  our 
men  soon  began  to  break  in  small  squads,  for  tall  timber.  In  a 
very  little  time  the  rout  became  general,  the  Indians  were  soon 
upon  our  flanks  and  threatened  the  destruction  of  our  entire  detach- 
ment. About  this  time  Maj.  Stillman,  Col,  Stephenson,  Maj. 
Perkins,  Capt.  Adams,  ]\Ir.  Hackelton,  and  myself,  with  some 
others,  threw  ourselves  into  the  rear  to  rally  the  fugitives  and  pro- 
tect the  retreat.  But  in  a  short  time  all  my  companions  fell 
bravely  fighting  hand-to-hand  with  the  savage  enemy,  and  I  alone 
was  left  upon  the  field  of  battle.  About  this  time  I  discovered  not 
far  to  the  left  a  corps  of  horsemen  which  seemed  to  be  in  tolerable 
order.  I  immediately  deployed  to  the  left,  when,  leaning  down  and 
placing  my  body  in  a  recumbent  posture  upon  the  mane  of  my 
horse  so  as  to  bring  the  heads  of  the  horsemen  between  my  eye 
and  the  horizon,  I  discovered  by  the  light  of  the  moon  that  they 
were  jrentlemen  who  did  not  wear  hats,  bv  which  token  I  knew  thev 
were  no  friends  of  mine.  I  therefore  made  a  retrogade  movement 
and  recovered  my  position,  where  I  remained  some  time  meditating 
what  further  I  could  do  in  the  service  of  ray  country,  when  a  ran- 
dom ball  came  whistling  by  my  ear  and  plainly  whispered  to  me, 
'  Stranger,  you  have  no  further  business  here.'  Upon  hearing  this  I 
followed  the  example  of  my  companions  in  arms,  and  broke  for 
tall  timber,  and  the  way  I  ran  was  not  a  little." 

For  a  long  time  afterward  Maj.  Stillnan  and  his  men  were  sub- 
jects of  ridicule  and  merriment,  which  was  as  undeserving  as  their 
expedition  was  disastrous.  Stillman's  defeat  spread  consternation 
throughout  the  State  and  nation.  The  number  of  Indians  was 
greatly  exaggerated,  and  the  name  of  Black  Hawk  carried  with  it 
associations  of  great  military  talent,  savage  cunning  and  cruelty. 

ASSAULT     ON    APPLE     RIVER     FORT. 

A  regiment  sent  to  spy  out  the  country  between  Galena  and  Rock 
Island  was  surprised  by  a  party  of  seventy  Indians,  and  was  on  the 


HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  89 

point  of  being  thrown  into  disorder  when  Gen.  Whiteside,  then 
serving  as  a  private,  shouted  out  that  he  would  shoot  the  first  man 
who  should  turn  his  back  to  the  enemy.  Order  being  restored,  the 
battle  began.  At  its  very  outset  Gen.  Whiteside  shot  the  leader  of 
the  Indians,  who  thereupon  commenced  a  hasty  retreat. 

In  June,  1832,  Black  Hawk,  with  a  band  of  150  warriors,  attack- 
ed the  Apple  Hiver  Fort,  near  Galena,  defended  by  25  men.  This 
fort,  a  mere  palisade  of  logs,  was  erected  to  afford  protection  to  the 
miners.  For  fifteen  consecutive  hours  the  garrison  had  to  sustain 
the  assault  of  the  savage  enemy ;  but  knowing  very  well  that  no 
quarter  would  be  given  them,  they  fought  with  such  fury  and  des- 
peration that  the  Indians,  aft€r  losing  many  of  their  best  warriors, 
were  compelled  to  retreat. 

Another  party  of  eleven  Indians  murdered  two  men  near  Fort 
Hamilton.  They  were  afterwards  overtaken  by  a  company  of 
twenty  men  and  every  one  of  them  was  killed. 

ROCK  RIVER  EXPEDITION. 

A  new  regiment,  under  the  command  of  Gen.  Atkinson,  assem- 
bled on  the  banks  of  the  Illinois  in  the  latter  part  of  June.  Maj. 
Dement,  with  a  small  party,  was  sent  out  to  reconnoittr  the  move- 
ments of  a  large  body  of  Indians,  whose  endeavors  to  surround  him 
made  it  advisable  fur  him  to  retire.  Upon  hearing  of  this  engage- 
ment. Gen.  Atkinson  sent  a  detachment  to  intercept  the  Indians, 
while  he  with  the  main  body  of  his  army,  moved  north  to  meet  the 
Indians  under  Black  Hawk.  They  moved  slowly  and  cautiously 
through  the  country,  passed  through  Turtle  village,  and  marched 
up  along  Bock  river.  On  their  arrival  news  was  brought  of  the 
discovery  of  the  main  trail  of  the  Indians.  Considerable  search 
was  made,  but  they  were  unable  to  discover  any  vestige  of  Indians 
save  two  who  had  shot  two  soldiers  the  day  previous. 

Hearing  that  Black  Hawk  was  encamped  on  Rock  river,  at  the 
Manitou  village,  they  resolved  at  once  to  advance  upon  the  enemy; 
but  in  the  execution  of  their  design  they  met  with  opposition  from 
their  officers  and  men.  The  officers  of  Gen.  Henry  handed  to  him 
a  written  protest;  but  he,  a  man  equal  to  any  emergency,  ordered 
the  officers  to  be  arrested  and  escorted  to  Gen.  Atkinson.  Within 
a  few  minutes  after  the  stern  order  was  given,  the  officers  all  collected 
around  the  General's  quarters,  many  of  them  with  tears  in   their 


90  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

eyes,  pledging  themselves  that  if  forgiven  they  would  return  to  duty 
and  never  do  the  like  again.  The  General  rescinded  the  order,  and 
they  at  once  resumed  duty. 

THE    BATTLE  OF    BAD-AXE. 

Gen.  Henry  marched  on  the  15th  of  July  in  pursuit  of  the 
Indians,  reaching  Ruck  river  after  three  days'  journey,  where  he 
learned  Black  Hnwk  was  encamped  further  up  the  river.  On  July 
19th  the  troops  were  ordered  to  commence  their  march.  After 
havino;  made  tiftv  miles,  tliev  were  overtaken  l>y  a  terrible  thunder- 
storm  which  lasted  all  night.  Nothing  cooled,  however,  in  their 
courage  and  zeal,  they  marched  again  lifty  miles  the  next  day, 
encamping  near  the  place  where  the  Indiana  had  encamped  the 
night  before.  Hurrying  along  as  fast  as  they  could,  the  infantry 
keeping  up  an  equal  pace  with  the  mounted  force,  the  troops  on  the 
morning  of  the  21st  crossed  the  river  connecting  two  of  the  four 
lakes,  by  which  the  Indians  had  been  endeavoring  to  escape.  They 
found,  on  their  way,  the  ground  strewn  with  kettles  and  articles  of 
baggage,  which  the  haste  of  their  retreat  had  obliged  the  Indians 
to  throw  away.  The  troops,  inspired  with  new  ardor,  advanced  so 
rapidly  that  at  noon  they  fell  in  with  the  rear  guard  of  the  Indians. 
Those  who  closely  pursued  them  were  saluted  with  a  sudden 
lire  of  musketry  by  a  body  of  Indians  who  had  concealed  them- 
selves in  the  high  grass  of  the  prairie.  A  most  desperate  charge 
was  made  upon  the  Indians,  who,  unable  to  resist,  retreated 
obliquely,  in  order  to  out-flank  the  volunteers  on  the  right;  but  the 
latter  charged  the  Indians  in  their  ambush,  and  expelled  them 
from  their  thickets  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet,  and  dispersed  tliera. 
Night  set  in  and  the  battle  ended,  having  cost  the  Indians  ^%  of 
their  bravest  men,  while  the  loss  of  the  Illinoisans  amounted  to  but 
one  killed  and  8  wounded. 

Soon  after  this  battle  Gens.  Atkinson  and  Henry  joined  their 
forces  and  pursued  the  Indians.  Gen.  Henry  struck  the  main  trail, 
left  his  horses  behind,  formed  an  advance  guard  of  eight  men, 
and  marched  forward  upon  their  trail.  When  these  eight  men 
came  within  sight  of  the  river,  they  were  suddenly  tired  upon  and 
five  of  them  killed,  the  remaining  three  maintaining  their  ground 
till  Gen.  Henry  came  up.  Then  the  Indians,  charged  upon  with 
the   bayonet,  fell   back  upon  their  main  force.     The  battle  now 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  91 

became  general;  the  Indians  fonglit  with  desperate  valor,  but  were 

furiously  assailed  by  the  volunteers  with  their  bayonets,  cutting 

many  of  the  Indians  to  pieces  and  driving  the  rest  into  the  river. 

Those  who  escaped  from  being  drowned  took  refuge  on  an  island.  On 

hearing  the  frequent  discharge  of  musketry,  indicating  a  general 

engagement,  Gen.  Atkinson  abandoned  the  pursuit  of  the  twenty 

Indians  under  Black  Hawk  himself,  and  hurried  to  the  scene  of 

action,  where  he  ariivcd  too  late  to  take  part  in  the  battle.      He 

immediately  forded    the  river  with  his  troops,  the  water  reaching 

up  to  their  necks,  and  landed  on  the  island  where  the  Indians  had 

secreted  themselves.     The  soldiers  rushed  upon  the  Indians,  killed 

several  of  them,   took  others  prisoner,  and  chased  the  rest  into 

the  river,  where  they  were  either  drowned  or  shot  before  reaching 

the  opposite  shore.     Thus  ended  the  battle,  the  Indians  losing  300^ 

besides  50  prisoners;  the  whites  but  17  killed  and  12  wounded. 
/ 

INCIDENTS    OF    THE    BATTLE. 

Many  painful  incidents  occurred  during  this  battle.  A  Sac 
woman,  the  sister  of  a  warrior  of  some  notoriety,  found  herself  in 
the  thickest  of  the  fight,  but  at  length  succeeded  in  reaching  the 
river,  when,  keeping  her  infant  child  safe  in  its  blankets  by  means 
of  her  teeth,  she  plunged  into  the  water,  seized  the  tail  of  a  horse 
with  her  hands  whose  rider  was  swimming  the  stream,  and  was 
drawn  safely  across.  A  young  squaw  during  the  battle  was  stand- 
ing in  the  grass  a  short  distance  from  the  American  line,  holding 
her  child — a  little  girl  of  four  years — in  her  arms.  In  this  posi- 
tion a  ball  struck  the  right  arm  of  the  child,  shattering  the  bone, 
and  passed  into  the  breast  of  the  young  mother,  instantly  killing 
her.  She  fell  upon  the  child  and  confined  it  to  the  ground  till  the 
Indians  were  driven  from  that  part  of  the  field.  Gen.  Anderson, 
of  the  United  States  army,  hearing  its  cries,  went  to  the  spot,  took 
it  from  under  the  dead  body  and  carried  it  to  the  surgeon  to  have 
its  wound  dressed.  The  arm  was  amputated,  and  during  the  oper- 
ation the  half-starved  child  did  not  cry,  but  sat  quietly  eating  a 
hard  piece  of  biscuit.  It  was  sent  to  Prairie  du  Chien,  where  it 
entirely  recovered. 

BLACK    HAWK    CAPTURED. 

Black  Hawk,  with  his  twenty  braves,  retreated  up  the  Wisconsin, 
river.     The  Winnebagoes,  desirous  of  securing  the   friendship  of 


92  HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

the  whites,  went  in  pursuit  and  captured  and  delivered  them  to 
Gen.  Street,  the  United  States  Indian  agent.  Among  the  prisoners 
were  the  son  of  Black  Hawk  and  the  prophet  of  the  tribe.  These 
with  Black  Hawk  were  taken  to  Washington,  D.  C,  and  soon  con- 
signed as  prisoners  at  Fortress  Monroe. 

At  the  interview  Black  Hawk  had  with  the  President,  he  closed 
his  speech  delivered  on  the  occasion  in  the  following  words:  "  We 
did  not  expect  to  conquer  the  whites.  They  have  too  many  houses, 
too  many  men.  I  took  up  the  hatchet,  for  my  part,  to  revenge 
injuries  which  my  people  could  no  longer  endure.  Had  I  borne 
them  longer  without  striking,  my  people  would  have  said,  •  Black 
Hawk  is  a  woman;  he  is  too  old  to  be  a  chief;  he  is  no  Sac'  These 
reflections  caused  me  to  raise  the  war-whoop.  I  say  no  more.  It 
is  known  to  you.  Keokuk  once  was  here;  you  took  him  by  the 
hand,  and  when  he  wished  to  return  to  his  home,  you  were  willing. 
Black  Hawk  expects,  like  Keokuk,  he  shall  be  permitted  to  return 
too." 

BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCH    OF    BLACK    HAWK. 

Black  Hawk,  or  Ma-ka-tai-me-she-kia-kiah,  was  born  in  the  prin- 
cipal Sac  village,  near  the  junction  of  Rock  river  with  tlie  Missis- 
sippi, in  the  year  1767.  His  father's  name  was  Py-e-sa.  Black 
Hawk  early  distinguished  himself  as  a  warrior,  and  at  the  age  of 
fifteen  was  permitted  to  paint,  and  was  ranked  among  the  braves. 
About  the  year  1783  he  went  on  an  expedition  against  the  enemies 
of  his  nation,  the  Osages,  one  of  whom  he  killed  and  scalped;  and 
for  this  deed  of  Indian  bravery  he  was  permitted  to  join  in  the 
scalp  dance.  Three  or  four  years  afterward  he,  at  the  head  of  two 
hundred  braves,  went  on  another  expedition  against  the  Osages,  to 
avenge  the  murder  of  some  women  and  children  belonging  to  his 
own  tribe.  Meeting  an  equal  number  of  Osage  warriors,  a  fierce 
battle  ensued  in  which  the  latter  tribe  lost  one-half  their  number. 
The  Sacs  lost  only  about  nineteen  warriors.  He  next  attacked  the 
Cherokees  for  a  similar  cause.  In  a  severe  battle  with  them  near 
the  present  city  of  St.  Louis  his  father  was  slain,  and  Black  Hawk, 
taking  possession  of  the  "  Medicine  Bag,"  at  once  announced  him- 
self chief  of  the  Sac  nation.  He  had  now  conquered  the  Cherokees, 
and  about  the  year  1800,  at  the  head  of  five  hundred  Sacs  and 
Foxes  and  a   hundred    lowas,   he  waged  war  against  the   Osage 


HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  do 

nation,  and  subdued  it.  For  two  years  he  battled  successfully  with 
other  Indian  tribes,  all  of  which  he  conquered. 

The  year  following  the  treaty  at  St.  Louis,  in  1804,  the  United 
States  Government  erected  a  fort  near  the  head  of  Des  Moines 
Rapids,  called  Fort  Edwards.  This  seemed  to  enrage  Black  Hawk, 
who  at  once  determined  to  capture  Fort  Madison,  standing  on  the 
west  side  of  the  Mississippi,  above  the  mouth  of  the  Des  Moines. 
The  fort  was  garrisoned  by  about  fifty  men.  Here  he  was  defeated. 
The  difficulties  with  the  British  Government  arose  about  this  time, 
and  the  war  of  1812  followed.  That  government,  extending  aid  to 
the  Western  Indians,  induced  them  to  remain  hostile  to  the  Ameri- 
cans. In  August,  1812,  Black  Hawk,  at  the  head  of  about  five 
hundred  braves,  started  to  join  the  British  forces  at  Detroit,  passing 
on  his  way  the  site  of  Chicago,  where  the  famous  Fort  Dearborn 
massacre  had  a  few  days  before  been  perpetrated.  Of  his  con- 
nection with  the  British  but  little  is  known. 

In  the  early  part  of  1815,  the  Indians  w^est  of  the  Mississippi 
were  notified  that  peace  had  been  declared  between  the  United 
States  and  England,  and  nearly  all  hostilities  had  ceased.  Black 
Hawk  did  not  sign  any  treaty,  however,  until  May  of  the  following 
year.  From  the  time  of  signing  this  treaty,  in  1816,  until  the 
breaking  out  of  the  Black  Hawk  war,  he  and  his  band  passed  their 
time  in  the  common  pursuits  of  Indian  life. 

Ten  years  before  the  commencement  of  this  war,  the  Sac  and 
Fox  Indians  were  urged  to  move  to  the  west  of  the  Mississippi. 
All  were  agreed,  save  the  band  known  as  the  British  Band,  of  which 
Black  Hawk  was  leader.  He  strongly  objected  to  the  removal,  and 
was  induced  to  comply  only  after  being  threatened  by  the  Govern- 
ment. This  action,  and  various  others  on  the  part  of  the  white 
settlers,  provoked  Black  Hawk  and  Iris  band  to  attempt  the  capture 
of  his  native  village,  now  occupied  by  the  whites.  The  war  fol- 
lowed. He  and  his  actions  were  undoubtedly  misunderstood,  and 
had  his  wishes  been  complied  with  at  the  beginning  of  the  struggle, 
much  bloodshed  would  have  been  prevented. 

BLACK    HAWK    SET    AT   LIBERTY. 

By  order  of  the  President,  Black  Hawk  and  his  companions, 
who  were  in  confinement  at  Fortress  Monroe,  were  set  free  on  the 
4th  day  of  June,    1833.      Before  leaving   the  fort  Black  Hawk 


04  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

made  the  following  farewell  speech  to  the  commander,  which  is  not 
onlj  eloquent  but  shows  that  within  his  chest  of  steel  there  beat  a 
heart  keenly  alive  to  the  emotions  of  gratitude: 

"  Brother,  I  have  come  on  my  own  part,  and  in  belialf  of  my 
companions,  to  bid  you  farewell.  Our  great  father  has  at  length 
been  pleased  to  permit  us  to  return  to  our  hunting  grounds.  We 
have  buried  the  tomahawk,  and  the  sound  of  the  ritle  hereafter  will 
only  bring  death  to  the  deer  and  the  buftalo.  Brothers,  you  have 
treated  the  red  man  very  kindly.  Tour  squaws  have  made  them 
presents,  and  you  have  given  them  plenty  to  eat  and  drink.  The 
memory  of  your  friendship  will  remain  till  the  Great  Spirit  says  it 
is  time  for  Black  Hawk  to  sing  his  death  song.  Brother,  your 
houses  are  as  numerous  as  the  leaves  on  the  trees,  and  3'our  young 
warriors  like  the  sands  upon  the  shore  of  the  big  lake  that  rolls 
before  us.  The  red  man  has  but  few  houses  and  few  warriors,  but 
the  red  man  has  a  heart  which  throbs  as  warmly  as  the  heart  of  his 
white  brother.  The  Great  Spirit  has  given  us  our  hunting  grounds, 
and  the  skin  of  the  deer  which  we  kill  there  is  his  favorite,  for  its 
color  is  white,  and  this  is  the  emblem  of  peace.  This  hunting 
dress  and  these  feathers  of  the  eagle  are  white.  Accept  them,  my 
brother.  I  have  given  one  like  this  to  the  "White  Otter.  Accept  it  as 
a  memorial  of  Black  Hawk.  When  he  is  far  away  this  will  serve 
to  remind  you  of  him.  May  the  Great  Spirit  bless  you  and  your 
children.     Farewell." 

After  their  release  from  prison  they  were  conducted,  in  charge 
of  Major  Gai-land,  through  some  of  the  principal  cities,  that 
tliev  might  witness  the  power  of  the  United  States  and  learn 
their  own  inability  to  cope  with  them  in  war.  Great  multitudes 
flocked  to  see  them  wherever  thev  were  taken,  and  the  attention 
paid  them  rendered  their  progress  through  the  country  a  triumphal 
procession,  iistead  of  the  trausportation  of  prisoners  by  an  oflicer. 
At  Rock  Island  the  prisoners  were  given  their  liberty,  amid 'great 
and  impressive  ceremony.  In  1S38  Black  Hawk  built  him  a 
dwelling  near  Des  Moines,  Iowa,  and  furnished  it  alter  the  manner 
of  the  whites,  and  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  and  hunting  and 
fishino".  Here,  with  his  wife,  to  whom  he  was  greatly  at^ached,  he 
passed  the  few  remaining  days  of  his  life.  To  his  credit,  it  may  be 
said,  that  Black  Hawk  remained  true  to  his  wife,  and  served  her 


HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  95 

with  a  devotion  uncommon  among  Indians,  living  with  her  up- 
ward of  forty  years. 

BLACK   hawk's    DEATH    AND    B"D"RIAL. 

At  all  times  when  Black  Hawk  visited  the  whites  he  was 
received  with  marked  attention.  He  was  an  honored  guest  at  the 
old  settlers'  re- union  in  Lee  county,  Illinois,  at  some  of  their 
meetings  and  receiv^ed  many  tokens  of  esteem.  In  September, 
1838,  while  on  his  way  to  Rock  Island  to  receive  his  annuity  from 
the  Government,  he  contracted  a  severe  cold  which  resulted  in  a 
fatal  attack  of  bilious  fever,  and  terminated  his  life  October  3. 
After  his  death,  lie  was  dressed  in  the  uniform  presented  to  him  by 
the  President  while  in  Washington,  He  was  buried  in  a  grave  six 
feet  in  depth,  situated  upon  a  beautiful  eminence.  The  body  was 
placed  in  the  middle  of  the  grave,  in  a  sitting  posture  upon  a  seat 
constructed  for  the  purpose.  On  his  left  side  ths  cane  given  him 
by  Henry  Clay  was  placed  upright,  with  his  right  hand  resting 
upon  it.  Thus,  after  a  long,  adventurous  and  shifting  life,  Black 
Hawk  was  gathered  to  his  fathers. 

FROM  18;U  TO   1842. 

INTEKXAL    IMPROVEMENTS. 

'No  sooner  was  the  Black  Hawk  war  concluded  than  settlers 
began  rapidly  to  pour  into  the  northern  part  of  Illinois,  now  free 
from  Indian  depredations.  Chicago,  from  a  trading  post,  had 
grown  into  a  commercial  center,  and  was  rapidly  coming  into 
prominence.  I 

At  the  general  election  in  1831  Joseph  Duncan  was  chosen 
Governor,  by  a  handsome  majority.  His  principal  opponent  was 
ex-Lieutenant  Governor  Kinney.  A  reckless  and  uncontrollable 
desire  for  internal  public  improvements  seized  the  minds  of  the 
people.  In  his  message  to  the  Legislature,  in  1835,  Gov.  Duncan 
said:  "  When  we  look  abroad  and  see  the  extensive  lines  of  inter- 
communication penetrating  almost  every  section  of  our  sister  States; 
when  we  see  the  canal  boat  and  the  locomotive  bearinsr  with  seem- 
ing  triumph  the  rich  productions  of  the  interior  to  the  rivers,  lakes 
and  ocean,  almost  annihilating  time,  burthen  and  space,  what 
patriot  bi)som  does  not  beat  higli  with  a  laudable  ambition  to  give 
Illinois  her  full  share  of  those  advantages  which  are  adorning  her 


9Q  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

sister  States,  and  which  a  magnificent  Providence  seems  to  invite 
by  a  wonderful  adaptation  of  our  whole  country  to  such  improve- 
ments?" 

STUPENDOUS    SYSTEM    OF    IMPROVEMENTS   INAUGURATED. 

The  Legislature  responded  to  the  ardent  words  of  the  Govepfior, 
and  enacted  a  system  of  internal  improvements  without  a  parallel 
in  the  grandeur  of  its  conception.  They  ordered  the  construction 
of  1,300  miles  of  railroad,  crossing  the  State  in  all  directions. 
This  was  surpassed  by  the  river  and  canal  improvements.  There 
were  a  few  counties  not  touched  by  railroad,  or  river  or  canal,  and 
they  were  to  be  comforted  and  compensated  by  the  free  distribution 
of  $200,000  among  them.  To  inflate  this  balloon  beyond  credence,  it 
was  ordered  that  work  should  commence  on  both  ends  of  each  of  these 
railroads  and  rivers,  and  at  each  river-crossing,  all  at  the  same  time. 
This  provision,  which  has  been  called  the  crowning  folly  of  the 
entire  system,  was  the  result  of  those  jealous  combinations  ema- 
nating from  the  fear  that  advantages  might  accrue  to  one  section 
over  another  in  the  commencement  and  completion  of  the  works. 
We  can  appreciate  better,  perhaps,  the  magnitude  of  this  grand 
system  by  reviewing  a  few  figures.  The  debt  authorized  for  these 
improvements  in  the  first  instance  was  $10,230,000.  But  this,  as 
it  was  soon  found,  was  based  upon  estimates  at  least  too  low  by 
half.  This,  as  we  readily  see,  committed  the  State  to  a  liability  of 
over  $20,000,000,  equivalent  to  $200,000,000,  at  the  present  time, 
with  over  ten  times  the  population  and  more  than  ten  times  the 
wealth. 

Siich  stupendous  undertakings  by  the  State  naturally  engendered 
the  fever  of  speculation  among  individuals.  That  particular  form 
known  as  the  town-lot  fever  assumed  the  malignant  type  at  first  in 
Chicago,  from  whence  it  spead  over  the  entire  State  and  adjoining 
States.  It  was  an  epidemic.  It  cut  up  men's  farms  without  regard 
to -locality,  and  cut  up  the  purses  of  the  purchasers  without  regard 
to  consequences.  It  was  estimated  that  building  lots  enough  were 
sold  in  Indiana  alone  to  accommodate  every  citizen  then  in  the 
United  States. 

Chicago,  which  in  1830  was  a  small  trading-post,  had  within  a 
few  years  grown  into  a  city.  This  was  the  starting  point  of  the 
wonderful   and    marvelous   career   of  that   city.      Improvements, 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  97 

unsurpassed  by  individual  efforts  in  the  annals  of  the  world,  were 
then  begun  and  have  been  maintained  to  this  day.  Tliough  visited 
by  the  terrible  fire  fiend  and  the  accumulations  of  years  swept 
away  in  a  night,  yet  she  has  arisen,  and  to-day  is  the  best  built  city 
in  the  world.  Heports  of  the  rapid  advance  of  property  in  Chicago 
spread  to  the  East,  and  thousands  poured  into  her  borders,  bringing 
money,  enterprise  and  industry.  Every  ship  that  left  her  port 
carried  with  it  maps  of  splendidly  situated  towns  and  additions, 
and  every  vessel  that  returned  was  laden  with  immigrants.  It  was 
said  at  the  time  that  the  staple  articles  of  Illinois  export  were  town 
plots,  and  that  there  M'as  danger  of  crowding  the  State  with  towns 
to  the  exclusion  of  land  fur  agriculture. 

ILLINOIS    AND    MICHIGAN    CANAL. 

The  Illinois  and  Michigan  canal  again  received  attention.  This 
enterprise  is  one  of  the  most  important  in  the  early  development 
of  Illinois,  on  account  of  its  magnitude  and  cost,  and  forming 
as  it  does  the  connecting  link  between  the  great  chain  of  lakes  and 
the  Illinois  and  Mississippi  rivers.  Gov.  Bond,  the  first  Governor, 
recommended  in  his  first  message  the  building  of  the  canal.  In 
1821  the  Legislature  appropriated  $10,000  for  surveying  the  route. 
This  work  was  performed  by  two  young  men,  who  estimated  the 
cost  at  $000,000  or  $700,000.  It  cost,  however,  when  completed, 
$8,000,000.  In  1825  a  law  was  passed  to  incorporate  the  Canal 
Company,  but  no  stock  was  sold.  In  1826,  upon  the  solicitation  of 
Daniel  P.  Cook,  Congressman  from  this  State,  Congress  gave 
800,000  acres  of  land  on  the  line  of  the  work.  In  1828  commis- 
sioners were  appointed,  and  work  commenced  witli  a  new  survey 
and  new  estimates.  In  1834-5  the  work  was  again  pushed  forward, 
and  continued  nntil  1818,  when  it  was  completed. 

PANIC — REPUDIATION   ADVOCATED. 

Bonds  of  the  State  were  recklessly  disposed  of  both  in  the  East 
and  in  Europe.  Work  was  commenced  on  various  lines  of  railroad, 
but  none  were  ever  completed.  On  the  Northern  Cross  Railroad, 
from  Meredosia  east  eight  miles,  the  first  locomotive  that  ever 
turned  a  wlieel  in  the  great  valley  of  the  Mississippi,  was  run. 
The  date  of  this  remarkable  event  was  Nov.  8,  1838.  Large  suras 
of  money  were  being  expended  with  no  assurance  of  a  revenue, 


98  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

and  consequently,  in  1S40,  the  Legislature  repealed  the  improve- 
Dient  laws  passed  three  years  previously,  nut,  however,  until  the 
State  had  accumulated  a  debt  of  nearly  $15,00(',0U0.  Tiius  fe  1, 
after  a  short  but  eventful  life,  by  the  hands  of  its  creator,  the  most 
stupendous,  extravagant  and  almost  ruinous  folly  of  a  grand  sj'S- 
tem  of  internal  improvements  that  any  civil  community,  perhaps, 
ever  engaged  in.  The  State  banks  failed,  specie  was  scarce,  an 
enormous  debt  was  accumulated,  the  interest  of  which  could  not 
be  paid,  people  were  disappointed  in  the  accumulation  of  wealth, 
and  real  estate  was  worthless.  All  this  had  a  tendency  to  create  a 
desire  to  throw  off  the  heavy  burden  of  State  debt  by  repudiation. 
This  was  boldly  advocated  by  some  leading  men.  The  fair  fame 
and  name,  however,  of  the  State  was  not  tarnished  by  repudiation. 
Men,  true,  honest,  and  able,  were  placed  at  the  head  of  affairs;  and 
thouorh  the  hours  were  dark  and  e-oomv,  and  the  times  most  trv- 
ing,  yet  our  grand  old  State  was  brought  through  and  prospered, 
until  to-day,  after  the  expenditure  of  millions  for  public  improve- 
ments and  for  carrying  on  the  late  war,  she  has,  at  present,  a  debt 
of  only  about  S3uO,000. 

MAETYR    FOR    LIB/IRTY. 

The  year  1S37  is  memorable  for  the  death  of  the  first  martyr  for 
liberty,  and  the  abolishment  of  American  slavery,  in  the  State. 
Elijah  P.  Lovejoy  was  shot  by  a  mob  in  Alton,  on  the  night  of  the 
7th  of  November  of  that  year,  lie  was  at  the  time  editor  of  the 
Alton  Obi<ervef\  and  advocated  anti-slavery  principles  in  its 
columns.  For  this  practice  three  of  his  presses  had  been  destroyed. 
On  the  arrival  of  the  fourth  the  trasredv  occurred  which  cost  him 
his  life.  In  anticipation  of  its  arrival  a  series  of  meetings  were 
held  ill  which  the  friends  of  freedom  and  of  slavery  were  represented. 
The  object  was  to  effect  a  compromise,  but  it  was  one  in  which 
liberty  was  to  make  concessions  to  oppression.  In  a  speech  made 
at  one  of  these  meetings,  Lovejoy  said:  **  !Mr.  Chairman,  what 
have  I  to  compromise?  If  freely  to  forgive  those  who  have  so  greatly 
injured  me;  if  to  pray  for  their  temporal  and  eternal  happiness;  if 
still  to  wish  for  the  prosperity  of  your  city  and  State,  notwith- 
standing the  indignities  I  have  suffered  in  them, — if  this  be  the 
compromise  intended,  then  do  I  willingly  make  it.  I  do  not  admit 
that  it  is  the  business  of  any  body  of  men  to  say  whether  I  shall 


LlCi.iAlli   f 


'---  Z  I"/.. 


NO, 5^ 


HISTORY  OF   ILLINOIS.  101 

or  shall  not  publish  a  paper  in  this  city.  That  right  was  given  to 
ine  hy  my  Creator,  and  is  solemnly  guaranteed  by  the  Constitution 
of  the  United  States  and  of  this  State.  But  if  by  compromise  is 
meant  that  1  shall  cease  from  that  which  duty  requires  of  me,  I 
cannot  make  it,  and  the  reason  is,  that  I  fear  God  more  than  man. 
It  is  also  a  very  different  question,  whether  1  shall,  voluntarily  or 
at  the  request  of  ray  friends,  yield  up  my  position,  or  whether 
I  shall  forsake  it  at  the  hands  of  a  mob.  The  former  I  am  readv  at 
all  times  to  do  when  circumstances  require  it,  as  I  will  never  put 
my  personal  wishes  or  interests  in  competition  with  the  cause  of 
that  Master  whose  minister  I  am.  But  the  latter,  be  assured  I 
never  will  do.  You  have,  as  lawyers  say,  made  a  false  issue.  There 
are  no  two  parties  between  whom  there  can  be  a  compromise.  I 
plant  myself  down  on  my  unquestionable  rights,  and  the  ques- 
tion to  be  decided  is,  whether  I  shall  be  protected  in  those  rights. 
You  may  hang  me,  as  the  mob  hung  the  individuals  at  Vicksburg; 
3'ou  may  burn  me  at  the  stake,  as  they  did  old  Mcintosh  at  St. 
Louis;  or,  you  may  tar  and  feather  me,  or  throw  me  into  the  Mis- 
sissippi as  you  have  threatened  -to  do;  but  you  cannot  disgrace  me. 
I,  and  I  alone,  can  disgrace  myself;  and  the  deepest  of  all  disgrace 
would  be  at  a  time  like  this  to  deny  my  Maker  by  forsaking  his 
cause.  He  died  for  me,  and  I  were  most  unworthy  to  bear  his 
name  should  I  refuse,  if  need  be,  to  die  for  him.''^  Not  long 
afterward  Mr.  Lovejoy  was  shot.  His  brother  Owen,  being  j)res- 
ent  on  the  occasion,  kneeled  down  on  the  spot  beside  the  corpse, 
and  sent  up  to  God,  in  the  hearing  of  that  very  mob,  one  of  the 
most  eloquent  prayers  ever  listened  to  by  mortal  ear.  He  was  bold 
enough  to  pray  to  God  to  take  signal  vengeance  on  the  infernal 
institution  of  slavery,  and  lie  then  and  there  dedicated  his  life  to 
the  work  of  overthrowing  it,  and  hoped  to  see  the  day  when  slavery 
existed  no  more  in  this  nation.  He  died,  March  24,  1864,  nearly 
three  months  after  the  Emancipation  Proclamation  of  President 
Lincoln  took  effect.  Thus  he  lived  to  see  his  most  earnest  and 
devout  prayer  answered.  But  few  men  in  the  nation  rendered  bet- 
ter service  in  overthrowing  the  institution  of  slavery  than  Elijah 
P.  and  Owen  Lov^ejoy. 

CARLIN    ELECTED  GOVERNOR. 

Thomas  Carlin,  Democrat,  was  elected  Governor  in  1838,  over 
Cyrus  Edwards,  Whig.     In   1842  Adam  W.  Snyder  was  nominated 


102  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

for  Governor  on  the  Democratic  ticket,  bnt  died  before  election. 
Thomas  Ford  was  placed  in  nomination,  and  was  elected,  ex-Gov- 
ernor Duncan  being  his  opponent. 

PPtAIPJE  PIRATES. 

The  northern  part  of  the  State  also  had  its  mob  experiences,  but 
of  an  entirely  different  nature  from  the  one  just  recounted.  There 
has  always  hovered  around  the  frontier  of  civilization  bold,  desper- 
ate men,  who  prey  upon  the  unprotected  settlers  rather  than  gain 
a  livelihood  by  honest  toil.  Theft,  robber\"  and  mui'der  were  car- 
ried on  by  regularly  organized  bands  in  Ogle,  Lee,  Winnebago  and 
DeKalb  counties.  The  leaders  of  these  gangs  of  cut-throats  were 
among  the  first  settbrs  of  that  portion  of  the  State,  and  conse- 
quently had  the  choice  of  location.  Among  the  most  prominent  of 
the  leaders  were  John  Driscoll,  William  and  David,  his  sons;  John 
Brodie  and  three  of  his  sons;  Samuel  Aikens  and  three  of  his  sons; 
William  K.  BriJjre  and  Norton  B.  Bovce. 

These  were  the  representative  characters,  those  who  planned 
and  controlled  the  movements  of  the  combination,  concealed  them 
when  danger  threatened,  nursed  them  when  sick,  rested  them  when 
worn  by  fatigue  and  forced  marches,  furnished  hiding  places  for 
their  stolen  booty,  shared  in  the  spoils,  and,  under  cover  of  darkness 
and  intricate  and  devious  ways  of  travel,  known  onlj'  to  themselves 
and  subordinates,  transferred  stolen  horses  from  station  to  station; 
for  it  came  to  be  known  as  a  well-established  fact  that  they  had 
stations,  and  accents,  and  watchmen  scattered  throughout  the  conn- 
try  at  convenient  distances,  and  signals  and  pass-words  to  assist 
and  orovern  them  in  all  their  nefarious  transactions. 

Ogle  county,  particular!}-,  seemed  to  be  a  favorite  and  chosen 
field  for  the  operations  of  these  outlaws,  who  could  not  be  convicted 
for  their  crimes.  By  getting  some  of  their  number  on  the  juries, 
by  producing  hosts  of  witnesses  to  sustain  their  defense  by  per- 
jured evidence,  and  by  changing  the  venue  from  one  county  to 
another,  and  by  continuances  from  term  to  term,  they  nearly  always 
managed  to  be  acquitted.  At  last  these  depredations  became  too 
common  for  longer  endurance;  patience  ceased  to  be  a  virtue,  and 
determined  desperation  seized  the  minds  of  honest  men,  and  they 
resolved  that  if  there  were  no  statute  laws  that  could  protect  them 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  103 

against  the  ravages  of  thieves,  robbers  and  counterfeiters,  they 
vt^ould  protect  themselves.  It  was  a  desperate  resolve,  and  desper- 
ately and  bloodily  executed, 

BURNINO    OF    OGLE    COUNTY    COURT-HOUSE. 

At  the  Spring  term  of  court,  1841,  seven  of  the  "Pirates  of  the 
Prairie,"  as  they  were  called,  were  confined  in  the  Ogle  county  jail 
to  await  trial.  Preparatory  to  holding  court,  the  judge  and  lawyers 
assembled  at  Oregon  in  their  new  court-house,  which  had  just 
been  completed.  Near  it  stood  the  county  jail  in  which  were  the 
prisoners.  The  "Pirates"  assembled  Sunday  night  and  set  the 
court-house  on  tire,  in  the  hope  that  as  the  prisoners  would  have  to 
be  removed  from  the  jail,  they  might,  in  the  hurry  and  confusion 
of  the  people  in  attending  to  the  fire,  make  their  escape.  The 
whole  population  were  awakened  that  dark  and  stormy  night,  to 
see  their  new  court  editico  enwrapped  in  flames.  Although  the 
building  was  entirely  consumed,  none  of  the  prisoners  escaped. 
Three  of  them  were  tried,  convicted  and  sent  to  the  penitentiary 
for  a  year.  They  had,  however,  contrived  to  get  one  of  their  num- 
ber on  the  jury,  who  would  not  agree  to  a  verdict  until  threatened 
to  be  lynclied.  The  others  obtained  a  change  of  venue  and  were 
not  convicted,  and  finally  they  all  broke  jail  and  escaped. 

Thus  it  was  that  the  law  was  inadequate  to  the  protection  of  the 
people.  The  best  citizens  held  a  meeting  and  entered  into  a  solemn 
compact  with  each  other  to  rid  the  country  of  the  desperadoes  that 
infested  it.  They  were  regularly  organized  and  known  as  "  Regu- 
lators." They  resolved  to  notify  all  suspected  parties  to  leave  the 
country  within  a  given  time;  if  they  did  not  comply,  they  would 
be  severely  dealt  with.  Their  first  victim  was  a  man  named  Hurl, 
who  was  suspected  of  having  stolen  his  neighbor's  horse.  lie  was 
ordered  to  strip,  his  hands  were  tied,  when  thirty-six  lashes  of  a 
raw-hide  were  applied  to  his  bare  back.  The  next  was  a  man 
named  Daggett,  formerly  a  Baptist  preacher.  He  was  sentenced 
to  receive  five  hundred  lashes  on  his  bare  back.  He  was  stripped, 
and  all  was  ready,  when  his  beautiful  daughter  rushed  into  the 
midst  of  the  men,  begging  for  mercy  for  her  father.  Her  appeals, 
with  Daggett's  promise  to  leave  the  country  immediately,  secured 
his  release.  That  night,  new  crimes  having  been  discovered,  he 
was  taken  out  and  whipped,  after  which  he  left  the  country,  never 
again  to  be  heard  from. 


104  HISTORY    OF    ILLIKOIS. 

The  friends  and  comrades  of  the  men  who  had  heen  whipped 
were  fearfully  enraged,  and  swore  eternal  and  bloody  vengeance. 
Eighty  of  them  assembled  one  night  soon  alter,  and  laid  plans  to 
visit  White  Kock  and  murder  every  man,  woman  and  child  in  that 
hamlet.  They  started  on  this  bloody  mission,  but  were  ])revailed 
upon  by  one  of  their  number  to  disband.  Their  coming,  however, 
had  been  anticipated,  and  every  man  and  boy  in  the  town  was 
armed  to  protect  himself  and  his  family. 

CAMPBELL    KILLED THE    MURDERERS    SHOT. 

John  Campbell,  Captain  of  the  '•  Hegulators,"  received  a  letter 
from  William  Driscoll,  filled  with  most  direful  threats, — not  only 
threatening  Camjjbeirs  life,  but  the  life  of  any  one  who  should 
oppose  their  murderous,  thieving  operations.  Soon  after  the  re- 
ceipt of  this  letter,  two  hundred  of  the  "  Regulators"  marched  to 
DriscoU's  and  ordered  him  to  leave  the  county  within  twenty  days, 
but  he  refused  to  comply  with  the  order.  One  Sunday  evening, 
just  after  this,  Campbell  was  shot  down  in  his  own  door-yard  by 
David  Driscoll.  He  fell  in  the  arms  of  his  wife,  at  which  time 
Taylor  Driscoll  raised  his  rifle  and  pointed  it  toward  her,  but  low- 
ered it  without  firing. 

Xews  of  this  terrible  crime  spread  like  wild-fire.  The  very  air 
was  filled  with  threats  and  vengeance,  and  nothing  but  the  lives  of 
the  murderous  gang  would  pay  the  penalty.  Old  John  Driscoll 
was  arrested,  was  told  to  bid  his  family  good-bye,  and  then  with 
his  son  went  out  to  his  death.  The  "Hegulators,"  numbering  111, 
formed  a  large  circle,  and  gave  the  Driscolls  a  fair  hearing.  They 
were  found  guilty,  and  the  "  Regulators"  divided  into  two  ''death 
divisions," — one,  consisting  of  fifty-six,  with  rifles  dispatched  the 
father,  the  other  fifty-five  riddled  and  shattered  the  body  of  the 
son  with  balls  from  as  many  guns.  The  measures  thus  inaugu- 
rated to  free  the  country  from  the  dominion  of  outlaws  was  a  last 
desperate  resort,  and  proved  effectual. 

MORMOX  WAR. 

In  April,  1840,  the  "Latter- Day  Saints,"  or  Mormons,  came  in 
large  numbers  to  Illinois  and  purchased  a  tract  of  land  on  the  east 
side  of  the  Mississippi  river,  about  ten  miles  above  Keokuk.  Here 
they  commenced  building  the  city  of  Xauvoo.  A  more  picturesque 
or  eligible  site  for  a  city  could  not  have  been  selected. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  105 

The  origin,  rapid  development  and  prosperity  of  this  religious 
sect  are  the  most  remarkable  and  instructive  historical  events  of 
the  present  century.  That  an  obscure  individual,  without  money, 
education,  or  respectability,  should  persuade  hundreds  of  thousands 
of  people  to  believe  him  inspired  of  God,  and  cause  a  book,  con- 
temptible as  a  literary  production,  to  be  received  as  a  continuation 
of  the  sacred  revelation,  appears  almost  incredible;  yet  in  less  than 
half  a  century,  the  disciples  of  this  obscure  individual  have  in- 
creased to  hundreds  of  thousands;  have  founded  a  State  in  the  dis- 
tant wilderness,  and  compelled  the  Government  of  the  United 
States  to  practically  recognize  them  as  an  independent  people, 

THE   FOUNDER    OF   MORMONISM. 

The  founder  of  Mormonism  was  Joseph  Smith,  a  native  of  Ver- 
mont, who  emigrated  while  quite  young  with  his  father's  family  to 
western  New  York.  Here  his  youth  was  spent  in  idle,  vagabond 
life,  roaming  the  woods,  dreaming  of  buried  treasures,  and  in  en- 
deavoring to  learn  the  art  of  finding  them  by  the  twisting  of  a 
forked  stick  in  his  hands,  or  by  looking  through  enchanted  stones. 
Both  he  and  his  father  became  famous  as  "  water  wizards,"  always 
ready  to  point  out  the  spot  where  wells  might  be  dug  and  water 
found.  Such  was  the  character  of  the  young  profligate  when  he 
made  the  acquaintance  of  Sidney  Rigdon,  a  person  of  considerable 
talent  and  information,  who  had  conceived  the  design  of  founding 
a  new  religion.  A  religious  romance,  written  by  Mr.  Spaulding,  a 
Presbyterian  preacher  of  Ohio,  then  dead,  suggested  the  idea,  and 
finding  in  Smith  the  requisite  duplicity  and  cunning  to  reduce  it 
to  practice,  it  was  agreed  that  he  should  act  as  prophet;  and  the 
two  devised  a  story  that  gold  plates  had  been  found  buried  in  the 
earth  containing  a  record  inscribed  on  them  in  unknown  characters, 
which,  when  deciphered  by  the  power  of  inspiration,  gave  the  his- 
tory of  the  ten  lost  tribes  of  Israel. 

ATTEMPT   TO   ARREST   JOE    SMITH. 

After  their  settlement  in  and  about  Nauvoo,  in  Hancock  county, 
great  depredations  were  committed  by  them  on  the  "Gentiles." 
The  Mormons  had  been  received  from  Missouri  with  great  kind- 
ness by  the  people  of  this  State,  and  every  possible  aid  granted 
them.     The  depredations  committed,  however,  soon  made  them 


106  HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS. 

odions,  when  the  question  of  getting  rid  of  them  was  agitated.  In 
the  fall  of  18il,  the  Governor  of  Missouri  made  a  demand  on  Gov. 
Carlin  for  the  arrest  and  delivery  of  Joe  Smith  as  a  fugitive  from 
justice.  An  executive  warrant  issued  for  that  purpose  was  placed 
iu  the  hands  of  an  a^ent  to  be  executed,  but  was  returned  without 
being  complied  with.  Soon  afterward  the  Governor  handed  the 
same  writ  to  his  agent,  who  this  time  succeeded  in  arresting  Joe 
Smith,  lie  was,  however,  discharged  by  Judge  Douglas,  upon  the 
grounds  that  the  writ  upon  which  he  had  been  arrested  had  been 
once  returned  before  it  was  executed,  and  was  functus  officio.  In 
184:2  Gov.  Carlin  aijain  issued  his  writ,  Joe  Smith  was  arrested 
again,  and  again  escaped.  Thus  it  will  be  seen  it  was  impossible 
to  reach  and  punish  the  leader  of  this  people,  who  had  been  driven 
from  Missouri  because  of  their  stealing,  murdering  and  unjust 
dealing,  and  came  to  Illinois  but  to  continue  their  depredations. 
Emboldened  by  success,  the  Mormons  became  more  arrogant  and 
overbearing.  Many  people  began  to  believe  that  they  were  about 
to  set  up  a  separate  government  for  themselves  in  defiance  of  the 
laws  of  the  State.  Owners  of  property  stolen  in  other  counties 
made  pursuit  into  Nauvoo,  and  were  fined  by  the  Mormon  courts 
for  daring  to  seek  their  property  in  the  holy  city.  But  that  wliich 
made  it  more  certain  than  anything  else  that  the  Mormons  con- 
templated a  separate  government,  was  that  about  this  time  they 
petitioned  Congress  to  establish  a  territorial  government  for  them 
in  Nauvoo. 

ORIGIN    OF    POLYGAMY. 

To  crown  the  whole  folly  of  the  Mormons,  in  the  Spring  of  1844 
Joe  Smith  announced  himself  as  a  candidate  for  President  of  the 
United  States,  and  many  of  his  followers  were  confident  he  would 
be  elected.  He  next  caused  himself  to  be  anointed  king  and 
priest,  and  to  give  character  to  his  pretensions,  ho  declared  his 
lineage  in  an  unbroken  line  from  Joseph,  the  son  of  Jacob,  and 
that  of  his  wife  from  some  other  important  personage  of  the  ancient 
Hebrews.  To  strengthen  his  political  power  he  also  instituted  a 
body  of  police  styled  the  "Danite  band,"  who  were  sworn  to  pro- 
tect his  person  and  obey  his  orders  as  the  commands  of  God.  A 
female  order  previously  existing  in  the  church,  called  "Spiritual 
wives,"  was  modified  so  as  to  suit  the  licentiousness  of  the  prophet. 
A  doctrine  was  revealed  that  it  was  impossible  for  a  woman  to  get 


HISTOliY    OF    ILLINOIS.  107 

to  heaven  except  as  the  wife  of  a  Mormon  elder;  that  each  elder 
might  raarrj  as  many  women  as  he  could  maintain,  and  that  any 
femrile  might  be  sealed  to  eternal  life  by  becoming  their  concubine. 
Tiiis  licentiousness,  the  origin  of  polygamy  in  that  churcii,  they 
endeavored  to  justify  by  an  appeal  to  Abraham,  Jacob  and  other 
favorites  of  God  in  former  ages  of  the  world. 

JOE    SMITH    AS   A   TYRANT. 

Smith  soon  began  to  play  the  tyrant  over  his  people.  Among 
the  Hrst  acts  of  this  sort  was  an  attempt  to  take  the  wife  of  Wil- 
liam Law,  one  of  his  most  talented  disciples,  and  make  her  his 
spiritual  wife.  He  established,  without  authority,  a  recorder's 
office,  and  an  office  to  issue  marriage  licenses,  lie  proclaimed  that 
none  could  deal  in  real  estate  or  sell  liquor  but  himself.  lie 
ordered  a  printing  office  demolished,  and  in  many  ways  controlled 
the  freedom  and  business  of  the  Mormons.  Not  only  did  he  stir  up 
some  of  the  Mormons,  but  by  his  reckless  disregard  for  the  laws  of 
the  land  raised  up  opposition  on  every  hand.  It  was  believed  that 
he  instructed  the  Danite  band,  which  he  had  chosen  as  the  ministers 
of  his  vengeance,  that  no  blood,  except  that  of  the  church,  was  to 
be  regarded  as  sacred,  if  it  contravened  the  accomplishment  of  his 
object.  It  was  asserted  that  he  inculcated  the  legality  of  perjury 
and  other  crimes,  if  committed  to  advance  the  cause  of  true  believ- 
ers; that  God  had  given  the  world  and  all  it  contained  to  his  saints, 
and  since  they  were  kept  out  of  their  rightful  inheritance  by  force, 
it  was  no  moral  offense  to  get  possession  of  it  by  stealing.  It  was 
reported  that  an  establishment  existed  in  Nauvoo  for  the  manufac- 
ture of  counterfeit  mono}',  and  that  a  set  of  outlaws  was  maintained 
for  the  purpose  of  putting  it  in  circulation.  Statements  were  cir- 
culated to  the  effect  that  a  reward  was  offered  for  the  destruction  of 
the  Warsaw  Signal,  an  anti-Mormon  paper,  and  that  Mormons  dis- 
persed over  the  country  threatened  all  persons  who  offered  to  assist 
the  constable  in  the  execution  of  the  law,  with  the  destruction  of 
their  property  and  the  murder  of  their  families.  There  were  rumors 
also  afloat  that  an  alliance  had  been  formed  with  the  Western 
Indians,  and  in  case  of  war  they  would  be  nsed  in  murdering  their 
enemies.  In  short,  if  only  one-half  of  these  reports  were  true  the 
Mormons  must  have  been  the  most  infamous  people  that  ever  ex- 
isted. 


108  HISTORY    OB'    ILLINOIS. 

MILITARY   FOKCES    ASSEMBLING. 

William  Law,  one  of  the  proprietors  of  the  printing-press 
destroyed  by  Smitii,  went  to  Carthage,  the  countj'-seat,  and 
obtained  warrants  for  the  airest  of  Smith  and  tlie  members  of  the 
City  Council,  and  others  connected  with  the  destruction  of  the 
press.  Some  of  the  parties  having  been  arrested,  but  discharged 
by  the  authorities  in  Nauvoo,  a  convention  of  citizens  assembled  at 
Carthage  and  appointed  a  committee  to  wait  upon  the  Governor  for 
the  purpose  of  procuring  military  assistance  to  enforce  the  law. 
The  Governor  visited  Carthage  in  person.  Previous  to  his  arrival 
the  militia  had  been  called  out  and  armed  forces  commenced  assem- 
blinir  in  Carthao-e  and  Warsaw  to  enforce  the  service  of  civil  process. 
All  of  them,  however,  signified  a  willingness  to  co-operate  M'itli  the 
Governor  in  preserving  order.  A  constable  and  ten  men  were  then 
•  sent  to  make  the  arrest.  In  the  meantime,  Smith  declared  martial 
law;  his  followers  residing  in  the  country  were  summoned  to  his 
assistance;  the  Legion  was  assembled  and  under  arms,  and  the 
entire  city  was  one  great  military  encampment. 

THE    SMITHS    ARRESTED. 

The  prophet,  his  brother  Iliram,  the  members  of  the  City  Coun- 
cil and  others,  surrendered  themselves  at  Carthage  June  24,  1845, 
on  the  charge  of  riot.  All  entered  into  recognizance  before  a  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace  to  appear  at  court,  and  were  discharged.  A  new 
writ,  however,  was  immediately  issued  and  served  on  the  two 
Smiths,  and  both  were  arrested  and  thrown  into  prison.  The 
citizens  had  assembled  from  Hancock,  Schuj-ler  and  McDonough 
counties,  armed  and  ready  to  avenge  the  outrages  that  had  been 
committed  by  the  Mormons.  Great  excitement  prevailed  at  Car- 
thage. The  force  assembled  at  that  place  amounted  to  1,200  njen, 
and  about  500  assembled  at  Warsaw.  Nearly  all  were  anxious  to 
march  into  Nauvoo.  This  measure  was  supposed  to  be  necessary 
to  search  for  counterfeit  money  and  the  apparatus  to  make  it,  and 
also  to  strike  a  salutary  terror  into  the  Mormon  people  by  an  exhi- 
bition of  the  force  of  the  State,  and  thereby  prevent  future  out- 
rages, murders,  robberies,  burnings,  and  the  like.  Tlie  27th  of 
June  was  appointed  for  the  march;  but  Gov.  Ford,  who  at  the 
time  was  in  Carthage,  apprehended  trouble  if  the  militia  should 
attempt  to  invade  Nauvoo,  disbanded  the  troops,  retaining  only  a 
guard  to  the  jail.  / 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  109 

JOE    SMITH    AND    HIS   BROTHER    KILLED. 

Gov.  Ford  went  to  Nauvuo  on  the  27th.  The  same  morning 
about  200  men  from  Warsaw,  manj?  being  disguised,  hastened  to 
Cartilage.  On  learning  that  one  of  the  companies  left  as  a  guard 
had  disbanded,  and  the  other  stationed  150  yards  from  the  jail  while 
eight  men  were  left  to  guard  the  prisoners,  a  communication  was 
soon  established  between  the  Warsaw  troops  and  the  guard;  and  it 
was  arranged  that  the  guard  should  have  their  guns  charged  with 
blank  cartridges  and  lire  at  the  assailants  when  they  attempted  to 
enter  the  jail.  The  conspirators  came  up,  jumped  the  fence  around 
the  jail,  were  fired  upon  bj  the  guard,  which,  according  to  arrange- 
ment, was  overpowered,  and  the  assailants  entered  the  prison,  to 
the  door  of  the  room  where  the  two  prisoners  were  confined.  An 
attempt  was  made  to  break  open  the  door;  but  Joe  Smith,  being 
armed  with  a  pistol,  fired  several  times  as  the  door  was  bursted 
open,  and  three  of  the  assailants  were  wounded.  At  the  same  time 
several  shots  were  fired  into  the  room,  by  some  of  which  John 
Taylor,  a  friend  of  the  Smiths,  received  four  wounds,  and  Hiram 
Smith  was  instantlj^  killed.  Joe  Smith,  severely  wounded,  attempt- 
ed to  escape  by  jumping  out  of  a  second-story  window,  but  was  so 
stunned  by  the  fall  that  he  was  unable  to  rise.  In  this  position  he 
was  dispatched  by  balls  shot  through  his  body.  Thus  fell  Joe 
Smith,  the  most  successful  imposter  of  modern  times.  Totally  ignor- 
ant of  almost  every  fact  in  science,  as  well  as  in  law,  he  made  up  in 
constructiveness  and  natural  cunning  whatever  in  him  was  want- 
ing of  instruction. 

CONSTERNATION    AT    QUINCY. 

Great  consternation  prevailed  among  the  anti-Mormons  at 
Carthage,  after  the  killing  of  the  Smiths.  They  expected  the  Mor- 
mons would  be  so  enraged  on  hearing  of  the  death  of  their  leaders 
that  they  would  come  down  in  a  body,  armed  and  equipped,  to 
seek  revenge  upon  the  populace  at  Carthage,  Messengers  were 
dispatched  to  various  places  for  help  in  case  of  an  attack.  The 
women  and  children  were  moved  across  the  river  for  safety,  A 
committee  was  sent  to  Quincy  and  early  the  following  morning, 
at  the  ringing  of  the  bells,  a  large  concourse  of  people  assembled 
to  devise  means  of  defense.  At  this  meeting,  it  was  reported  that 
the  Mormons  attempted  to  rescue  the  Smiths;  that  a  party  of  Mis- 
sourians  and  others  had  killed  them  to  prevent  their  escape;  that 


110  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

the  Governor  and  his  party  were  at  JNaiivoo  at  the  time  when  intel- 
liu^ence  of  the  fact  was  brought  there;  that  they  had  been  attacked 
by  the  Nauvoo  Legion,  and  had  retreated  to  a  house  where  they 
were  closely  besieged;  that  the  Governor  had  sent  out  word  that 
he  could  maintain  his  position  for  two  days,  and  would  be  certain 
to  be  massacred  if  assistance  did  not  arrive  by  that  time.  It  is 
unnecessary  to  say  that  this  entire  story  was  fabricated.  It  was 
put  in  circiilatioi),  as  were  many  other  stories,  by  the  anti-Mormons, 
to  influence  the  public  mind  and  create  a  hatred  for  tlie  Mormons. 
The  effect  of  it,  however,  was  that  by  10  o'clock  on  the  2Sth, 
between  two  and  three  hundred  men  from  Quincy,  under  command 
of  Maj.  Flood,  went  on  board  a  steamboat  for  Nauvoo,  to  assist  in 
raising  the  siege,  as  they  honestly  believed. 

VARIOUS   DEPREDATIONS. 

It  was  thought  by  many,  and  indeed  the  circitmstances  seem  to  war- 
rant the  conclusion,  that  the  assassins  of  Smith  had  arranged  that  the 
murder  should  occur  while  the  Governor  was  in  Nauvoo;  that  the 
Mormons  would  naturally  suppose  he  planned  it,  and  in  the  first  out- 
pouring of  their  indignation  put  him  to  death,  as  a  means  of  retalia- 
tion. They  thought  that  if  they  could  have  the  Governor  of  the  State 
assassinated  by  Mormons,  the  public  excitement  would  be  greatly 
increased  against  that  people,  and  would  cause  their  extermination, 
or  at  least  their  expulsion  from  the  State.  That  it  was  a  brutal  and 
premeditated  murder  cannot  be  and  is  not  denied  at  this  day;  but 
the  desired  effect  of  the  murder  was  not  attained,  as  the  Mormons 
did  not  evacuate  Nauvoo  for  two  years  afterward.  In  the  meantime, 
the  excitement  and  prejudice  against  this  people  were  not  allowed 
to  die  out.  Horse-stealing  was  quite  common,  and  every  case  that 
occurred  was  charged  to  the  Mormons.  That  they  were  guilty  of 
Buch  thefts  cannot  be  denied,  but  a  great  deal  of  this  work  done  at 
that  time  was  by  organized  bands  of  thieves,  who  knew  they  could 
carry  on  their  nefarious  business  with  more  safety,  as  long  as  sus- 
picion could  be  placed  upon  the  Mormons.  In  the  summer  and 
fall  of  1845  were  several  occurrences  of  a  nature  to  increase  the 
irritation  existing  between  the  Mormons  and  their  neighbors.  A 
suit  was  instituted  in  the  United  States  Circuit  Court  against  one 
of  the  apostles,  to  recover  a  note,  and  a  marshal  sent  to  summons 


Of  THE     • 
\imvujy   Cf   ILLINOIS, 


HIsroKV    OF    I  ILLINOIS..  113 

the  defendant,  who  refused  to  be  served  with  the  process.  Indig- 
nation meetings  were  held  by  the  saints,  and  the  marshal  threat- 
ened for  attempting  to  serve  the  writ.  About  this  time,  General 
Denning,  sheriff,  was  assaulted  by  an  anti-Mormon,  whom  he  killed. 
Denning  was  friendly  to  the  Mormons,  and  a  great  outburst  of 
passion  was  occasioned  among  the  friends  of  the  dead  man. 

INCENDIARISM. 

It  was  also  discovered,  in  trying  the  rights  of  property  at  Lima, 
Adams  county,  that  tlie  Mormons  had  an  institution  connected 
with  their  church  to  secure  their  effects  from  execution.  Incensed 
at  this  and  other  actions,  the  anti-Mormons  of  Lima  and  Green 
Plains,  held  a  meeting  to  devise  means  for  the  expulsion  of  the 
Mormons  from  that  part  of  the  country.  It  was  arranged  that  a 
number  of  their  own  party  should  fire  on  the  building  in  which 
they  were  assembled,  in  such  a  manner  as  not  to  injure  anj'one, 
and  then  report  that  the  Mormons  had  commenced  the  work  of 
plunder  and  death.  This  plot  was  duly  executed,  and  the  startling 
intelligence  soon  called  together  a  Vn(3b,'whicli  threatened  the  Mor- 
mons with  fire  and  sword  if  they  dfdiiot^  immediately  leave.  The 
Mormons  refusing  to  depart,  the  mob  at  once  executed  their  threats 
by  burning  125  houses  and  forcing  the  inmates  to  flee  for  their 
lives.  The  sheriff  of  Hancock  county,  a  prominent  Mormon 
armed  several  hundred  Mormons  and  scoured  the  country,  in  search 
of  the  incendiaries,  but  they  had  fled  to  neighboring  counties,  and 
he  was  unable  either  to  bring  them  to  battle  or  make  any  arrests. 
One  man,  however,  was  killed  without  provocation;  another 
attempting  to  escaj^e  was  shot  and  afterwards  hacked  and  muti- 
lated; and  Franklin  A.  Worrell,  who  had  charge  of  the  jail  when 
the  Smiths  were  killed,  was  shot  by  some  unknown  person  con- 
cealed in  a  thicket.  The  anti-Mormons  committed  one  murder. 
A  party  of  them  set  fire  to  a  pile  of  straw,  near  the  barn  of  an  old 
Mormon,  nearly  ninety  years  of  age,  and  when  he  appeared  to  ex- 
tinguish the  flames,  he  was  sliot  and  killed. 

The  anti  Mormons  left  their  property  exposed  in  their  hurried 
retreat,  after  having  burned  the  houses  of  the  Mormons.  Those 
who  had  been  burned  out  sallied  forth  from  JSTauvooand  plundered 
the  whole  country,  taking  whatever  they  could  carry  or  drive 
away.  By  order  of  the  Governor,  Gen.  Hardin  raised  a  force  of 
350  men,  checked  the  Mormon  ravages,  and  recalled  the  fugitive 
anti-Mormons  home. 


114  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


MAKING    PREPARATION    TO    LEAVE. 


At  this  time  a  couveutioii,  coiibi&tinu:  of  deleijates  from  ei^ht  of 
the  adjoining  counties,  assembled  to  concert  measures  fur  the  expul- 
sion of  the  Mormons  from  the  State.  The  Mormons  seriously  c  n- 
templated  emmigration  w^estward,  believing  the  times  forboded 
evil  for  them.  Accordingly,  during  the  winter  of  ISio-'-lO,  the 
most  stupendous  preparations  were  made  by  the  Mormons  for 
removal.  All  the  principal  dwellings,  and  even  th(3  temple,  were 
converted  into  work-shops,  and  before  spring,  12,000  wagons  were 
in  readiness;  and  by  the  middle  of  February  the  leaders,  with  2,000 
of  their  followers,  had  crossed  the  Mississippi  on  the  ice. 

Before  the  spring  of  1846  the  majority  of  the  Mormons  had  left 
Nauvoo,  but  still  a  large  number  remained. 

THE   BATTLE   OF   NACVOO.  * 

In  September  a  writ  was  issued  against  several  prominent  Mor- 
mons, and  placed  in  the  hands  of  John  Carlin,  of  Carthage,  for 
execution.  Carlin  called  out  a  posse  to  help  make  tlie  arrest,  which 
brought  together  quite  a  large  force  in  the  neighborhood  of  Xauvoo. 
Carlin,  not  being  a  military  man,  placed  in  command  of  the  posse, 
first,  Gen.  Singleton,  and  afterward  Col.  Brockman,  who  proceeded 
to  invest  the  city,  erecting  breastworks,  and  taking  other  means  for 
defensive  as  well  as  offensive  operations.  What  was  then  termed  a 
battle  next  took  place,  resulting  in  the  death  of  one  Mormon  and 
the  wounding  of  several  others,  and  loss  to  the  anti-Mormons  of 
three  killed  and  four  wounded.  At  last,  through  the  intervention 
of  an  anti-Mormon  committee  of  one  hundred,  from  Quincy,  the 
Mormons  and  their  allies  were  induced  to  submit  to  such  terms  as 
the  posse  chose  to  dictate,  which  were  that  the  Mormons  should 
immediately  give  np  their  arms  to  the  Quincy  committee,  and  re- 
move from  the  State.  The  trustees  of  the  church  and  five  of  their 
clerks  were  permitted  to  remain  for  the  sale  of  Mormon  property, 
and  the  posse  were  to  march  in  unmolested,  and  leave  a  sufficient 
force  to  guarantee  the  performance  of  their  stipulations.  Accord - 
ingh',  the  constable's  posse  marched  in  with  Brockman  at  their 
liead.  It  consisted  of  about  800  armed  men  and  600  or  TOc 
unarmed,  who  had  assembled  from  all  the  country  around,  through 
motives  of  curiosity,  to  see  the  once  proud  city  of  J^auvoo  hum- 
bled and  delivered   up  to  its  enemies.     They  proceeded  into  the 


OF  THt 

liMVE;^OiTY   OF   \- 


;NOIS 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  117 

city  slowly  and  carefully,  examining  the  way  for  fear  of  the  explo- 
sion of  a  mine,  many  of  which  had  been  made  by  the  Mormons, 
by  burying  kegs  of  powder  in  the  ground,  with  a  man  stationed  at 
a  distance  to  pull  a  string  communicating  with  the  trigger  of  a 
percussion  lock  athxed  to  the  keg.  This  kind  of  a  contrivance  was 
called  by  the  Mormons  "  hell's  half-acre."  When  the  posse 
arrived  in  the  city,  the  leaders  of  it  erected  themselves  into  a  tri- 
bunal to  decide  who  should  be  forced  away  and  who  remain. 
Parties  were  dispatched  to  hunt  for  fire-arms,  and  for  Mormons,  and 
to  bring  them  to  judgment.  When  brought,  they  received  their 
doom  from  the  mouth  of  Brockman,  who  sat  a  grim  and  unawed 
tyrant  for  the  time.  As  a  general  rule,  the  Mormons  were  ordered 
to  leave  within  an  hour  or  two;  and  by  rare  grace  some  of  them 
were  allowed  until  next  day,  and  in  a  few  cases  longer  time  was 
granted.  ;  ,k.  .-,, . 

MALTKEATlkfEiNT  .OF-'^.NEW:'   CITIZENS. 

■■■ '    '■■■■■'■   r  I  ;t:-: ;• . . .  ,, 
Kothing  was  said  in  the  treaty  in  regard  to  the  new  citizens,  who 

had  with  the  Mormons  defended  the  city;  but  the  posse  no  sooner 

had  obtained  possession   than    they   commenced    expelling    them. 

Some  of  them  were  ducked  in  the  river,  and  were  in  one  or  two 

instances  actuallv  baotized  in  the  name  of    some  of   the  leaders 

of  the  mob;  others  were  forcibly  driven  into  the  ferry-boats  to  be 

taken  over  the  river  before  the  bayonets  of  armed  ruffians.     Many 

of  these  new  settlers  were  strangers  in  the  country  from  various 

parts  of  the  United  States,  who  were  attracted  there  by  the  low 

price  of  property;  and  they  knew  but  little  of  previous  difficulties 

or  the  merits  of  the  quarrel.     They  saw  with  their  own  eyes  that 

the  Mormons  were  industriously  preparing  to  go  awaj^,  and  they 

knew  "of  their  own  knowledge  "  that  any  effort  to  expel  them  by 

force  was  gratuitous  and  unnecessary  cruelty.  They  had  been  trained, 

by  the  States  whence  they  came,  to  abhor  mobs  and  to  obey  the  law, 

and  they  volunteered  their  services  under  executive  authority  to 

defend  their  town  and  their  property  against  mob  violence,  and,  as 

they  honestly  believed,  from  destruction;  but  in  this  they  were  partly 

mistaken;  for  although  the  mob  leaders  in  the  exercise  of  unbridled 

power  were  guilty  of  many  injuries  to  the  persons  of  individuals, 

although  much  personal*  property  was  stolen,  yet   they  abstained 

from  materially  injuring  houses  and  buildings. 


118  HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS.  * 

THE    MORMONS    REACH    SALT    LAKE. 

The  fugitives  proceeded  west^vard,  takino^  the  road  through  Mis- 
souri, but  were  forcibly  ejected  from  that  State  and  compelled  to 
move  indirectly  through  Iowa.  After  innumerable  hal•d^hips  the 
advance  guard  reached  the  Missouri  river  at  Council  Bluff?,  when 
a  United  States  officer  presented  a  requisition  for  5U0  men  to 
serve  in  the  war  with  Mexico.  Compliance  with  this  order  so  di- 
minished their  number  of  effective  men,  that  the  expedition  was 
again  delayed  and  the  remainder,  consisting  mostly  of  old  men, 
women  and  children,  hastily  prepared  habitations  for  winter. 
Their  rudely  constructed  tents  were  hardly  completed  before  winter 
set  in  with  great  severity,  the  bleak  prairies  being  incessantly  swept 
by  piercing  winds.  While  here  cholera,  fever  and  other  diseases, 
aggravated  by  the  previous  hardships,  the  want  of  comfortable 
quarters  and  medical  treatment,  hurried  many  of  them  to  prema- 
ture graves,  yet,  under  the  influence  of  religious  fervor  and  fanati- 
cism, they  looked  death  in  the  face  with  resignation  and  cheerful- 
ness, and  even  exhibited  a  gayety  which  manifested  itself  in  music 
and  dancing  during  the  saddest  hours  of  this  sad  winter. 

At  length  welcome  spring  made  its  appeai'ance,  and  by  April 
they  were  again  organized  for  the  journey;  a  pioneer  party,  con- 
sisting of  Brigham  Young  and  140  others,  was  sent  in  advance  to 
locate  a  home  for  the  colonists.  On  the  21  of  July,  1847,  a  day 
memorable  in  Mormon  annals,  the  vanguard  reached  the  valley  of 
the  Great  Salt  Lake,  having  been  directed  thither,  accjrding  to 
their  accounts,  by  the  hand  of  the  Almighty.  Here  in  a  distant  wil- 
derness, midway  between  the  settlements  of  the  East  and  the  Pacific, 
and  at  that  time  a  thousand  miles  from  the  utmost  verge  of  civili- 
zation, they  commenced  preparations  for  founding  a  colony,  which 
has  since  grown  into  a  mighty  empire. 

MEXICAN  WAR 

During  the  month  of  May.  1846.  the  President  called  for  four 
regiments  of  volunteers  from  Illinois  for  the  Mexican  war.  This 
was  no  sooner  known  in  the  State  than  nine  regiments,  numbering 
8,370  men.  answered  the  call,  thouo-h  onlv  four  of  them,  amounting 
to  3,720  men,  could  be  taken.  These  regiments,  as  well  as  their 
officers,  were  everywhere  foremost  in  the  American  ranks,  and  dis- 


HISTORY   OF    ILLINOIS.  119 

tingiiislied  themselves  by  their  matchless  valor  in  the  bloodiest 
battles  of  the  war.  Veterans  never  fought  more  nobly  and  effect- 
ively than  did  the  volunteers  from  Illinois.  At  "the  bloody  battle  of 
Buena  Vista  they  crowned  their  lives — many  their  death — with  the 
laurels  of  war.  Never  did  armies  contend  more  bravelj',  determinedly 
and  stubbornly  than  the  American  and  Mexican  forces  at  this  famous 
battle;  and  as  Illinois  troops  were  ever  in  the  van  and  on  the  blood- 
iest portions  of  the  field,  we  believe  a  short  sketch  of  the  part  they 
took  in  the  fierce  contest  is  due  them,  and  will  be  read  with  no  lit- 
tle interest. 

BATTLE    OF    BUENA    VISTA. 

General  Santa  Anna,  with  his  army  of  20,000,  poured  into  the 
valley  of  Aqua  Nueva  early  on  the  morning  of  the  22d  of  February, 
hoping  to  surprise  our  army,  consisting  of  about  5,000  men,  under 
Gen.  Taylor  and  which  had  retreated  to  the  ''Narrows."  They 
were  hotly  pursued  by  the  Mexicans  who,  before  attacking,  sent 
Gen.  Taylor  a  flag  of  truce  demanding  a  surrender,  and  assuring 
him  that  if  he  refused  he  would  be  cut  to  pieces;  but  the  demand 
was  promptly  refused.  At  this  the  enemy  opened  fire,  and  the  con- 
flict began.  In  honor  of  the  day  the  watchword  with  our  soldiers 
was,  "  The  memory  of  Washington."  An  irregular  fire  was  kept  up 
all  day,  and  at  night  both  armies  bivouacked  on  the  field,  resting  on 
their  arms.  Santa  Anna  that  night  made  a  spirited  address  to  his 
men,  and  the  stirring  strains  of  his  own  band  till  late  in  the  night 
were  distinctly  heard  by  our  troops;  but  at  last  silence  fell  over  the 
hosts  that  were  to  contend  unto  death  in  that  narrow  pass  on  the 
morrow. 

Early  on  the  following  morning  the  battle  was  resumed,  and  con- 
tinued without  intermission  until  nightfall.  The  solid  columns  of 
the  enemy  were  hurled  against  our  forces  all  day  long,  but  were 
met  and  lield  in  check  b}^  the  unerring  fire  of  our  musketry  and  ar- 
tillery. A  portion  of  Gen.  Lane's  division  was  driven  back  by  the 
enemy  under  Gen.  Lombardini,  who,  joined  by  Gen.  Pacheco's  divis- 
ion, poured  upon  the  main  plateau  in  so  formidable  numbers  as 
to  appear  irresistible. 

BRAVERY   OF   THE    SECOND    ILLINOIS. 

At  this  time  the  2d  Illinois,  under  Col.  Bissell,  with  a  squadron 
of  cavalry  and  a  few  pieces  of  artillery  came  handsomely  into  action 


120  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

and  gallantly  received  the  concentrated  fire  of  the  enemy,  which 
they  returned  with  deliberate  aim  and  terrible  efi'ect;  every  dis- 
charge of  the  artillery  seemed  to  tear  a  bloody  path  through  the 
heavy  columns  of  enemy.  Saj^s  a  writer:  "The  rapid  mus- 
ketry of  the  gallant  troops  from  Illinois  poured  a  storm  of  lead 
into  their  serried  ranks,  which  literally  strewed  the  ground  with 
the  dead  and  dying."  But,  notwithstanding  his  losses,  the  enemy 
steadily  advanced  until  our  gallant  regiment  received  fire  from 
three  sides.  Still  they  maintained  their  position  for  a  time  with 
unflinching  firmness  Mgainst  that  immense  liost.  At  length,  per- 
ceiving the  danger  of  being  entirely  surrounded,  it  was  determined 
to  fall  back  to  a  ravine.  Col.  Bissel,  with  the  coolness  of  ordinary 
drill,  ordered  the  signal  "cease  firing"  to  be  made;  he  then  with 
the  same  deliberation  gave  the  command,  "Face  to  the  rear,  Bat- 
talion, about  face;  forward  march,"  which  was  executed  with  the 
regularity  of  veterans  to  a  point  beyond  the  peril  of  being  out- 
flanked. Again,  in  obedience  to  command  these  brave  men  halted- 
faced  about,  and  under  a  murderous  tempest  of  bullets  from  the  foe, 
resumed  their  well-directed  fire.  The  conduct  of  no  troops  could 
have  been  more  admirable;  and,  too,  until  that  day  they  had  nevei* 
been  under  fire,  when,  within  less  than  half  an  hour  eighty  of  their 
comrades  dropped  by  their  sides.  How  different  from  the  Arkansas 
regiment,  which  were  ordered  to  the  plateau,  but  after  delivering 
their  first  volley  gave  way  and  dispersed. 

SADDEST  EVENT  OF  THE  BATTLE. 

But  now  we  have  to  relate  the  saddest,  and,  for  Illinois,  the  most 
mournful,  event  of  that  battle- worn  day.  We  take  the  account 
from  Col  ton's  History  of  the  battle  of  Buena  Yista.  "As  the  enemy 
on  our  left  was  moving  in  retreat  along  the  head  of  the  Plateau, 
our  artillery  was  advanced  until  within  range,  and  opened  a  heavy 
fire  upon  him,  while  Cols.  Hardin,  Bissell  and  Mclvee,  with  their 
Illinois  and  Kentucky  troops,  dashed  gallantly  forward  in  hot  pur- 
suit. A  powerful  reserve  of  the  Mexican  army  was  then  just 
emerging  from  the  ravine,  where  it  had  been  organized,  and 
advanced  on  the  plateau,  opposite  the  head  of  the  southernmost 
gorge.  Those  who  were  giving  way  rallied  quickly  upon  it;  when 
the  whole  force,  thus  increased  to  over  12,000  men,  came  forward 
in  a  perfect  blaze  of  fire.  It  was  a  single  column,  composed  of  the 
best  soldiers  of  the  republic,  having  for  its  advanced  battalions  the 


SCENE  ON  FOX  RIVER. 


OF  THE 
UNIVFSITY   OF   ILLINOIS. 


HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  123 

veteran  regiments.  The  Kentucky  and  Illinois  troops  were  soon 
oblio-ed  to  irive  ground  before  it  and  seek  the  shelter  of  the  second 
gorge.  The  enemy  pressed  on,  arriving  opposite  the  head  of  the 
second  gorge.  One-half  of  the  column  suddenly  enveloped  it,  while 
the  other  half  pressed  on  across  the  plateau,  having  for  the  moment 
nothing  to  resist  them  but  the  three  guns  in  their  front.  The  por- 
tion that  was  immediately  opposed  to  the  Kentucky  and  Illinois 
troops,  ran  down  along  each  side  of  the  gorge,  in  which  they  had 
sought  shelter,  and  also  circled  around  its  head,  leaving  no  possible 
way  of  escape  for  them  except  by  its  mouth,  which  opened 
upon  the  road.  Its  sides,  which  were  steep, — at  least  an  angle  of 
45  degrees, — were  covered  with  loose  pebbles  and  stones,  and  con- 
verged to  a  point  at  the  bottom.  Down  there  were  our  poor  fel- 
lows, nearly  three  regiments  of  them  (1st  and  2d  Illinois  and  2d 
Kentucky),  with  but  little  opportunity  to  load  or  fire  a  gun,  being 
hardly  able  to  keep  their  feet.  '  iVbove  the  whole  edge  of  the 
gorge,  all  the  way  around,  was  darkened  by  the  serried  masses  of 
the  enemy,  and  was  bristling  with  muskets  directed  on  the  crowd 
beneath.  It  was  no  time  to  pause.  Those  who  were  not  immedi- 
ately shot  down  rushed  on  toward  the  road,  their  number  growing 
less  and  less  as  they  went,  Kentuckians  and  lUinoisans,  officers  and 
men,  all  mixed  up  in  confusion,  and  all  pressing  on  over  the  loose 
pebbles  and  rolling  stones  of  those  shelving,  precipitous  banks, 
and  having  lines  and  lines  of  the  enemy  firing  down  from  each 
side  and  rear  as  they  went.  Just  then  the  enemy's  cavalry,  which 
had  o-one  to  the  left  of  the  reserve,  had  come  over  the  spur  that 
divides  the  mouth  of  the  second  gorge  from  that  of  the  third,  and 
were  now  closing  up  the  only  door  through  which  there  was  the 
least  shadow  of  a  chance  for  their  lives.  Many  of  those  ahead 
endeavored  to  force  their  way  out,  but  few  succeeded.  The  lancers 
were  fully  six  to  one,  and  their  long  weapons  were  already  reeking 
with  blood.  It  was  at  this  time  that  those  who  were  still  back  in 
that  dreadful  gorge  heard,  above  the  din  of  the  musketry  and  the 
shouts  of  the  enemy  around  them,  the  roar  of  Washington's  Bat- 
tery. No  music  could  have  been  more  grateful  to  their  ears.  A 
moment  only,  and  the  whole  opening,  where  the  lancers  were  busy, 
rang  with  the  repeated  explosions  of  spherical-case  shot.  They 
gave  way.  The  gate,  as  it  were,  was  clear,  and  out  upon  the  road 
a   stream   of  our  poor    fellows  issued.     They  ran   panting   down 


124  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

toward  the  batteiy,  and  directlj  under  the  flght  of  iron  then  pas- 
sing over  their  heads,  into  tlie  rctreatinsj  cavahy.  Ilardin,  McKee, 
Clay.  Willis,  Zabriskie,  Houghton — but  why  go  on?  It  would  be 
a  sad  task  indeed  to  name  over  all  who  fell  during  this  twenty 
minutes'  slaughter.  The  whole  gorge,  from  the  plateau  to  its 
mouth,  was  strewed  with  our  dead.  All  dead!  No  wounded  there 
— not  a  man;  for  the  infantry  had  rushed  down  the  sides  and  com- 
pleted the  work  with  the  bayonet." 

VICTORY   FOR    OUR    ARMY. 

The  artillery  on  the  plateau  stubbornly  maintained  its  position, 
The  remnants  of  the  1st  and  2d  Illinois  regiments,  after  issuing 
from  the  fated  gorge,  were  formed  and  again  brought  into  action, 
the  former,  after  the  fall  of  the  noble  Ilardin,  under  Lieut.  Cul. 
Weatherford,  the  latter  under  Bissell.  The  enemy  brought  forth 
reinforcements  and  a  brisk  artillery  duel  was  kept  up;  but  gradually, 
as  the  shades  of  night  began  to  cover  the  earth,  the  rattle  of  mus- 
ketry slackened,  and  when  thfe  pall  of  night  was  thrown  over  that 
bloody  field  it  ceased  altogether.  Each  army,  after  the  fierce  and 
long  struggle,  occupied  much  the  same  position  as  it  did  in  the 
morning.  However,  early  on  the  following  morning,  the  glad 
tidings  were  heralded  amidst  our  army  that  the  enemy  had  retreated, 
thus  again  crowning  the  American  banners  with  victory. 

OTHER  HONORED  NAMES  OF  THIS  WAR. 

Other  bright  names  from  Illinois  that  shine  as  stars  in  this 
war  ai'te  those  of  Shields,  Baker,  Harris  and  Cuflfee,  which  are 
indissolubly  connected  with  the  glorious  capture  of  Vera  Cruz 
and  the  not  less  famous  storming  of  Cerro  Gordo.  In  this  latter 
action,  when,  after  the  valiant  Gen.  Shields  had  been  placed  ho7's 
do  combat.)  the  command  of  his  force,  consisting  of  three  regiments, 
devoled  upon  Col.  Baker.  This  ofiicer,  with  his  men,  stormed  with 
unheard-of  prowess  the  last  stronghold  of  the  Mexicans,  sweeping 
everything  before  them.  Such  indeed  were  the  intrepid  valor  and 
darinof  couraire  exhibited  bv  Illinois  volunteers  durinof  the  Mexican 
war  that  their  deeds  should  live  in  the  memory  of  their  countrymen 
until  those  latest  times  when  the  very  name  of  America  shall  have 
been  forgotten. 


125 

THE  WAR  FOE  THE  UNION. 

On  the  fourth  day  of  March,  1861,  after  the  most  exciting  and 
momentous  political  campaign  known  in  the  history  of  this  country, 
Abraham  Lincoln — Anxerica's  martyred  President — was  inaugu- 
rated Chief  Magistrate  of  the  United  States.  This  fierce  contest 
was  principally  sectional,  and  as  the  announcement  was  flashed  ov^er 
the  telegraph  wires  that  the  Republican  Presidential  candidate  had 
been  elected,  it  was  hailed  by  the  South  as  a  justifiable  pretext  for 
dissolving  the  Union.  Said  Jefferson  Davis  in  a  speech  at  Jackson, 
Miss.,  prior  to  the  election,  "If  an  abolitionist  be  chosen  Presi- 
dent of  the  United  States  you  will  have  presented  to  you  the 
question  whether  you  will  permit  the  government  to  pass  into 
the  handa^  of  your  avowed  and  implacable  enemies.  Without 
pausing  for  an  answer,  I  will  state  ray  own  position  to  be  that 
such  a  result  would  be  a  species  of  revolution  by  which  the 
purpose  of  the  Government  would  be  destroyed,  and  the  obser- 
vances of  its  mere  forms  entitled  to  no  respect.  In  that  event, 
in  such  manner  as  should  be  most  expedient,  I  should  deem  it 
your  duty  to  provide  for  your  safety  outside  of  the  Union."  Said 
another  Southern  politician,  when  speaking  on  the  same  sub- 
ject, "  We  shall  fire  the  Southern  heart,  instruct  the  Southern 
mind,  give  courage  to  each,  and  at  the  proper  moment,  by  one 
organized,  concerted  action,  we  can  precipitate  the  Cotton  States 
into  a  revolution."  To  disrupt  the  Union  and  form  a  government 
which  recognized  the  absolute  supremacy  of  the  white  population 
and  the  perpetual  bondage  of  the  black  was  what  they  deemed 
freedom  from  the  galling  yoke  of  a  Republican  administration. 

ABRAHAM  LINCOLN  DTD  NOT  SEEK  THE  PRESIDENCY. 

Hon.  R.  W.  Miles,  of  Knox  county,  sat  on  the  floor  by  the  side 
of  Abraham  Lincoln  in  the  Library  room  of  the  Capitol,  in  Spring- 
field, at  the  secret  caucus  meeting,  held  in  January,  1859,  when 
Mr.  Lincoln's  name  was  first  spoken  of  in  caucus  as  candidate  for 
President.  When  a  gentleman,  in  making  a  short  speech,  said, 
"  We  are  going  to  bring  Abraham  Lincoln  out  as  a  candidate  for 
President,"  Mr.  Lincoln  at  once  arose  to  his  feet,  and  exclaimed, 
"For  God's  sake,  let  me  alone!  I  have  suffered  enough!"  This 
was  soon  after  he  had  been  defeated  in  the  Legislature  for  United 
States  Senate    by  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  and  only  those  who    are 


12fi  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

intimate  wiLn  tiial  iniportunt  iiud  unparalleled  contest  can  appre- 
ciate the  full  Ibice  and  meaning  of  these  expressive  words  of  the 
martyred  President.  They  were  spontaneous,  and  prove  beyond  a 
shadow  of  doubt  that  Abraham  Lincoln  did  not  seek  the  high  posi- 
tion of  President.  Nor  did  he  use  any  trickery  or  chic-anery  to 
obtain  it.  But  his  expressed  wish  w^as  not  to  be  complied  with; 
our  beloved  country  needed  a  savior  and  a  martyr,  and  Fate  had 
decreed  that  he  should  be  the  victim.  After  Mr.  Lincoln  was 
elected  President,  Mr,  Miles  sent  him  an  eagle's  quill,  with  wdnch 
the  chief  magistrate  wrote  his  Urst  inaugural  address.  The  letter 
written  by  Mr.  Miles  to  the  President,  and  sent  with  the  quill, 
which  was  t\^o  feet  in  length,  is  such  a  jewel  of  eloquence  and 
prophecy  that  it  should  l)e  given  a  place  in  history: 

Persifeu,  December  21,  18(50. 
Hon.  a.  Lincoln  : 

Dear  Sir  : — PIe:ise  accept  the  eajile  quill  I  premised  you,  by  the  hand  of  our 
Representative,  A.  A.  Smith.  The  bird  from  whose  wiug  the  quill  was  taken,  was 
shot  by  John  F  Dillon,  in  Persifer  township,  Knox  Co.,  Ills.,  in  Feb.,  1857  Hay- 
ing heard  that  James  Buchanan  was  furnished  with  an  eagle  quili  to  write  his 
Inaugural  with,  and  believing  that  in  IWiO,  a  Republican  would  be  elected  to  take 
his  place,  I  determined  to  savethis  ((uili  and  present  it  to  tlie  fortunate  man,  who- 
ever he  might  be.  Reports  tell  us  that  the  bird  which  furnishetl  Buchanan's  quill 
was  a  captured  bird, — fii  eml)lem  of  the  man  that  used  it  ;  i)ut  the  bird  from 
which  this  quill  was  taken,  yielded  the  quill  only  with  his  life, — rit  emblem  of  tiie 
man  who  is  expected  to  use  it,  for  true  Republicans  believe  that  you  would  not 
think  lile  worth  the  keeping  after  the  surrender  of  principle.  Great  difficulties 
surround  you  ;  traitors  to  their  country  have  threatened  your  life  ;  and  should 
3'ou  be  called  upon  to  surrender  it  at  the  post  of  duty,  your  memory  will  live  for- 
ever in  the  heart  of  every  freeman  ;  and  that  is  a  grander  monument  than  can  be 
built  of  brick  or  marble. 

"For  if  hearts  may  not  our  memories  keep, 
Obliviou  haste  each  ve8ti<:;e  sweep, 
And  let  our  memoricN  end.''' 


Vours  Truly, 


R.  W.  Miles. 


STATES    SEC  EDI  NO. 


At  the  time  of  President  Lincoln's  accession  to  power,  several 
members  of  tlie  L'nion  claimed  they  had  withdrawn  from  it,  and 
styling  themselves  the  "Confederate  States  of  America,"  organ- 
ized a  separate  government.  The  house  was  indeed  divided 
against  itself,  but  it  should  not  fall,  nor  should  it  long  continue 
divided,  was  the  hearty,  determined  response  of  every  loyal  heart 
in  the  nation.  The  accursed  institution  of  human  slavery  was 
the  primary  cause  for  this  dissolution  of  the  American  Union. 
Doubtless  other  agencies  served  to  intensify  the  hostile  feel- 
ings which  existed  between  the  Northern  and  Southern  portions 


UISTOKY    OK    Il.LI^'OIS.  127 

of  our  country,  but  their  remote  origin  could  be  traced  to  this  great 
national  evil.  Had  Lincoln's  predecessor  put  forth  a  timely,  ener- 
getic effort,  he  might  have  prevented  tlie  bloody  war  our  nation 
was  called  to  pass  through.  On  the  other  hand  every  aid  was  given 
the  rebels;  every  advantage  and  all  the  power  of  the  Government 
was  placed  at  their  disposal,  and  when  Illinois'  honest  son  took  the 
reins  of  the  Republic  he  found  Buclianan  had  been  a  traitor  to  his 
trust,  and  given  over  to  the  South  all  available  means  of  war. 

THE  FALL  OF  SUMTEE. 

On  the  12th  day  of  April,  1861,  the  rebels,  who  for  weeks  had 
been  erecting  their  batteries  upon  the  shore,  after  demanding  of 
Major  Anderson  a  surrender,  opened  Hre  upon  Fort  Sumter.      For 
thirty-four  hours  an  incessant  cannonading  was  continued;  the  fort 
was  being  seriously  injured;  provisions  were  almost  gone,  and  Major 
Anderson  was  compelled  to  haul  down  the  stars  and  stripes.     That 
dear  old  flag  which  had    seldom  been  lowered  to  a  foreign  foe  by 
rebel  hands  was  now  trailed  in   the  dust.     The  first  blow  of  the 
terrible  conflict  which  summoned  vast  armies  into  tlie  field,  and 
moistened  the  soil  of  a  nation  in  fraternal  blood  and  tears,  had 
been  struck.     Tlie  gauntlet  thus  thrown   down  by  the  attack  on 
Sumter  by  the  traitors  of  the  South  was  accepted — not,  however, 
in  the  spirit  with  which  insolence  meets  insolence — but  with  a  firm, 
determined  spirit  of  patriotism  and  love  of  country.     The  duty  of 
the  President  was  plain  under  the  constitution  and  the  laws,  and 
above  and  beyond  all,  the  people  from  whom  all  political  power  is 
derived,  demanded  the  suppression  of  the  Rebellion,  and  stood  ready 
to   sustain   the   authority   of   their   representative   and   executive 
officers.     Promptly  did  the  new  President  issue  a  proclamation 
calling  for  his  countrymen  to  join  with  him  to  defend  their  homes 
and  their  countrj^,  and  vindicate  her  honor.     This  call  was  made 
April  14,  two  days  after  Sumter  was  ^rst  fired  upon,  and  was  for 
75,000   men.     On   the  15th,  the  same  day  he  was  notified.  Gov. 
Yates  issued  his  Droclamation  conveninar  the  Leo^islature.     He  also 
ordered  the  organization  of  six  regiments.     Troops  were  in  abund- 
ance, and  the  call  was  no   sooner   made   than  filled.     Patriotism 
thrilled  and  vibrated  and  pulsated  through  every  heart.     The  farm, 
the  workshop,  the  office,  the  pulpit,  the  bar,  the  bench,  the  college, 
the  school-house, — every  calling  offered  its  best  men,  their  lives  and 
their  fortunes,  in  defense  of  the  Government's  honor  and  unity. 


128  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

Bitter  words  spoken  in  moments  of  political  heat  were  forgotten 
and  forgiven,  and  joining  hands  in  a  common  cause,  thej  repeated 
the  oath  of  America's  soldier-statesman :  "  By  the  Great  Eternal^ 
the  Union  must  and  shall  he  preserved^  The  honor,  the  very 
life  and  glory  of  the  nation  was  committed  to  the  stern  arbitrament 
of  the  sword,  and  soon  the  tramp  of  armed  men,  the  clash  of 
musketry  and  the  heavy  boom  of  artillery  reverberated  throughout 
the  continent;  rivers  of  blood  saddened  by  tears  of  mothers,  wives, 
sisters,  daughters  and  sweethearts  flowed  from  the  lakes  to  the 
gulf,  but  a  nation  was  saved.  The  sacrifice  was  great,  but  the 
Onion  was  preserved. 

CALL  FOR  TROOPS  PROMFPLY  ANSWERED. 

Simultaneously  with  the  call  for  troops  by  the  President,  enlist- 
ments commenced  in  this  State,  and  within  ten  days  10,000 
volunteers  offered  service,  and  the  sum  of  $1,000,000  was  tendered 
by  patriotic  citizens.  Of  the  volunteers  who  offered  their  services, 
only  six  regiments  could  be  accepted  under  the  quota  of  the  State. 
But  the  time  soon  came  vrhen  there  was  a  place  and  a  musket  for 
every  man.  The  six  regiments  raised  were  designated  by  numbers 
commencing  with  seven,  as  a  mark  of  respect  for  the  six  regiments 
which  had  served  in  the  Mexican  war.  Another  call  was  antici- 
pated, and  the  Legislature  authorized  ten  additional  regiments  to 
be  organized.  Over  two  hundred  companies  were  immediately 
raised  from  which  were  selected  the  required  number.  Xo  sooner 
was  this  done  than  the  President  made  another  call  for  troops,  six 
regiments  were  again  our  proportion,  although  by  earnest  solicita- 
tion the  remaining  four  were  accepted.  There  were  a  large  number 
of  men  with  a  patriotic  desire  to  enter  the  service  who  were  denied 
this  privilege.  Many  of  them  wept,  M'hile  others  joined  regiments 
from  other  States.  In  May,  June  and  July  seventeen  regiments 
of  infantry  and  five  of  cavall-y  were  raised,  and  in  the  latter  month, 
when  the  President  issued  his  first  call  for  500,000  volunteers, 
Illinois  tendered  thirteen  regiments  of  infantry  and  three  of  cavalry, 
and  so  anxious  were  her  sons  to  have  the  Pebellion  crushed  that 
the  number  could  have  been  increased  by  thousands.  At  the 
close  of  1S61  Illinois  had  sent  to  the  field  nearly  50,000  men,  and 
had  17,000  in  camp  awaiting  marching  orders,  thus  exceeding  her 
full  quota  by  15,000. 


HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS.  129 

A    VAST    ARMY    RAISED    IN    ELEVEN    DAYS. 

In  July  and  August  of  1802  the  Presi'dent  called  for  600,000 
men — our  quota  of  which  was  52,296 — and  gave  until  August  18  as 
the  limits  in  which  the  number  might  be  raised  by  volunteering, 
after  which  a  draft  would  be  ordered.  The  State  had  already  fur- 
nished 17,000  in  excess  of  her  quota,  and  it  was  first  thought  this 
number  would  be  deducted  from  the  present  requisition,  but  that 
could  not  be  done.  But  thirteen  days  were  granted  to  enlist  this 
vast  army,  which  had  to  come  from  tlie  farmers  and  mechanics. 
The  former  were  in  the  midst  of  harvest,  but,  inspired  by  love  of 
country,  over  50,000  of  them  left  their  harvests  ungatliered,  their 
tools  and  their  benches,  the  plows  in  their  furrows,  turning  their 
backs  on  their  homes,  and  belbre  eleven  days  had  expired  the 
demands  of  the  Government  were  met  and  both  quotas  filled. 

The  war  went  on,  and  call  followed  call,  until  it  began  to  look  as 
if  there  would  not  be  men  enough  in  all  the  Free  States  to  crush 
out  and  subdue  the  monstrous  war  traitors  had  inaugurated.  But 
to  every  call  for  either  men  or  money  there  was  a  willing  and  ready 
response.  And  it  is  a  boast  of  the  people  that,  had  the  supply  of 
men  fallen  short,  there  were  women  brave  enough,  daring  enough, 
patriotic  enough,  to  have  offered  themselves  as  sacrifices  on  their 
country's  altar.  On  the  21st  of  December,  1864,  the  last  call  for 
troops  was  made.  It  was  for  300,000.  In  consequence  of  an  im- 
perfect enrollment  of  the  men  subject  to  military  dut}^,  it  became 
evident,  ere  this  call  was  made,  that  Illinois  was  furnishing  thous- 
ands of  men  more  than  what  her  quota  would  have  been,  had  it 
been  correct.  So  glaring  had  this  disproportion  become,  that 
under  this  call  the  quota  of  some  districts  exceeded  the  number  of 
able-bodied  men  in  them. 

A    GENERAL    SUMMARY. 

Following  this  sketch  we  give  a  schedule  of  all  the  volunteer 
troops  organized  from  this  State,  from  the  commencement  to  the 
close  of  the  war.  It  is  taken  from  the  Adjutant  General's  report. 
The  number  of  the  regiment,  name  of  original  Colonel,  call  under 
which  recruited,  date  of  organization  and  muster  into  the  United 
States'  service,  place  of  muster,  and  aggregate  strength  of  each 
organization,  from  which  we  find  that  Illinois  put  into  her  one  hun- 
dred and  eighty  regiments  256,000  men,  and  into  the  United  States 


130  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

army,  through  other  States,  enough  to  swell  the  number  to  290,000. 
This  far  exceeds  all  the-  soldiers  of  the  Federal  Government  in  all 
the  war  of  the  Revolution.  Her  total  years  of  service  were  over 
600,000.  She  enrolled  men  from  eighteen  to  forty-five  years  of  age, 
when  the  law  of  Congress  in  1S6J: — the  test  time — only  asked  for 
those  from  twenty  to  forty-five.  Her  enrollments  were  otherwise 
excessive.  Her  people  wanted  to  go,  and  did  not  take  the  pains  to 
correct  the  enrollment;  thus  the  basis  of  fixing  the  quota  was  too 
great,  and  the  quota  itself,  at  least  in  the  trying  time,  was  far  above 
any  other  State.  The  demand  on  some  counties,  as  Monroe,  for 
example,  took  every  able-bodied  man  in  the  county,  and  then  did 
not  have  enough  to  fill  the  quota.  Moreover,  Illinois  sent  20,844 
men  for  one  hundred  days,  for  whom  no  credit  was  asked.  She 
gave  to  the  country  73.000  years  of  service  above  all  calls.  With 
one-thirteenth  of  the  population  of  the  loyal  States,  she  sent  regu- 
larly one-tenth  of  all  the  soldiers,  and  in  the  perils  of  the  closing 
calls,  when  patriots  were  few  and  weary,  she  sent  one-eighth  of  all 
that  were  called  for  by  her  lov^d  and  honored  son  in  the  White 
House.  Of  the  brave  boys  Illinois  sent  to  the  front,  there  were 
killed  in  action,  5,888;  died  of  wounds,  3,032;  of  disease,*  19,496; 
in  prison,  967;  lost  at  sea,  205;  aggregate,  29,588.  As  upon  every 
field  and  upon  every  page  of  the  history  of  this  war,  Illinois  bore 
her  part  of  the  suffering  in  the  prison-pens  of  the  South.  More 
than  800  names  make  up  the  awful  column  of  Illinois'  brave  sons 
who  died  in  the  rebel  prison  of  Andersonville,  (la.  Who  can 
measure  or  imagine  the  atrocities  which  would  be  laid  before  the 
world  were  the  panorama  of  sufferings  and  terrible  trials  of  these 
gallant  men  but  half  unfolded  to  view?  But  this  can  never  be 
done  until  new  words  of  horror  are  invented,  and  new  arts  dis- 
covered by  which  demoniacal  fiendishness  can  be  portrayed,  and 
the  intensest  anguish  of  the  human  soul  in  ten  thousand  forms  be 
painted. 

No  troops  ever  fought  more  heroically,  stubbornly,  and  with  bet- 
ter effect,  than  did  the  boys  from  the  "Prairie  State."  At  Pea 
Ridge,  Donelson,  Pittsburg  Landing,  luka,  Corinth,  Stone  River, 
Holly  Springs,  Jackson,  Vicksburg,  Chicamauga,  Lookout  Moun- 
tain, Murfreesboro,  Atlanta,  Franklin,  Nashville,  Chattanooga,  and 
on  every  other  field  where  the  clash  of  arms  was  heard,  her  sons 
were  foremost. 


HISTORY  OF   ILLINOIS.  131 

CAPTURE    OF   THE   ST.    LOUIS   ARSENAL. 

Illinois  was  almost  destitute  of  firearms  at  the  beginning  of  the 
conflict,  and  none  could  be  procured  in  the  East.  The  traitorous 
Floyd  had  turned  over  to  the  South  300,000  arms,  leaving  most 
arsenals  in  the  North  empty.  Gov.  Yates,  however,  received  an 
order  on  the  St.  Louis  arsenal  for  10,000  muskets,  which  he  put  in 
the  hands  of  Captain  Stokes,  of  Chicago.  Several  unsuccessful 
attempts  were  made  by  the  Captain  to  pass  through  the  large  crowd 
of  rebels  which  had  gathered  around  the  arsenal,  suspecting  an 
attempt  to  move  the  arms  would  be  made.  He  at  last  succeeded 
in  gaining  admission  to  the  arsenal,  but  was  informed  by  the  com- 
mander that  the  slightest  attempt  to  move  the  arms  would  be  dis- 
covered and  bring  an  infuriated  mob  upon  the  garrison.  This  fear 
was  well  founded,  for  the  following  day  Gov.  Jackson  ordered  2,000 
armed  men  from  Jefferson  City  down  to  capture  the  arsenal.  Capt. 
Stokes  telegraphed  to  Alton  for  a  steamer  to  descend  the  river,  and 
about  midnight  land  opposite  the  arsenal,  and  proceeding  to  the 
same  place  with  700  men  of  the  7th  Illinois,  commenced  loading 
the  vessel.  To  divert  attention  from  his  real  purpose,  he  had  500 
guns  placed  upon  a  different  boat.  As  designed,  this  movement 
was  discovered  by  the  rabble,  and  the  shouts  and  excitement  upon 
their  seizure  drew  most  of  the  crowd  from  the  arsenal.  Capt. 
Stokes  not  only  took  all  the  guns  his  requisition  called  for,  but 
emptied  the  arsenal.  When  all  was  ready,  and  the  signal  given  to 
start,  it  was  found  that  the  immense  weight  had  bound  the  bow  of 
the  boat  to  a  rock,  but  after  a  few  moments'  delay  the  boat  fell  away 
from  the  shore  and  floated  into  deep  water. 

"Which  way?"  said  Capt.  Mitchell,  of  the  steamer.  ''Straight 
in  t\e  regular  channel  to  Alton,"  replied  Capt.  Siokes.  "What  if 
we  are  attacked?"  said  Capt.  Mitchell.  ".Then  we  will  fight,"  was 
the  reply  of  Capt.  Stokes.  "What  if  we  are  overpowered?"  said 
Mitcliell.  "  Run  the  boat  to  the  deepest  part  of  the  river  and  sink 
her,"  replied  Stokes.  "I'll  do  it,"  was  the  heroic  answer  of 
Mitchell,  and  away  they  went  past  the  secession  battery,  past  the 
St.  Louis  levee,  and  in  the  regular  channel  on  to  Alton.  When 
they  touched  the  landing,  Capt.  Stokes,  fearing  pursuit,  ran  to  the 
market  house  and  rang  the  fire  bell.  The  citizens  came  flocking 
pell-mell  to  the  river,  and  soon  men,  women  and  children  were 
tuggina:  away  at  that  vessel  load  of  arras,  which  they  soon  had 
deposited  in  freight  cars  and  ofi"  to  Springfield. 


132  HlStORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

LIBERALITY   AS   WELL    AS    PATRIOTISM. 

The  people  were  liberal  as  well  as  patriotic;  and  while  the  men 
were  busy  enlisting,  organizing  and  equipping  companies,  tlie  ladies 
were  no  less  active,  and  the  noble,  generous  work  performed  bj 
their  tender,  loving  hands  deserves  mention  along  with  the  bravery, 
devotion  and  patriotism  of  their  brothers  upon  the  Southern  fields 
of  carnao;e. 

The  continued  need  of  money  to  obtain  the  comforts  and  neces- 
saries for  the  sick  and  wounded  of  our  army  suggested  to  the  loyal 
women  of  the  North  many  and  various  devices  for  the  raising  of 
funds.  Every  city,  town  and  village  had  its  fair,  festival,  picnic, 
excursion,  concert,  which  netted  more  or  less  to  the  cause  of 
hospital  relief,  according  to  the  population  of  the  place  and  the 
amount  of  energy  and  patriotism  displayed  on  such  occasions. 
Especially  was  this  characteristic  of  our  own  fair  State,  and  scarcely 
a  hamlet  within  its  borders  which  did  not  send  something  from  its 
stores  to  hospital  or  battlefield,  and  in  the  larger  towns  and  cities 
were  well-organized  soldiers'  aid  societies,  working  systematically 
and  continuously  from  the  beginning  of  the  war  till  its  close.  The 
great  State  Fair  held  in  Chicago  in  May,  186.5,  netted  $250,000. 
Houfles  for  travelino;  soldiers  were  established  all  over  the  State,  in 
which  were  furnished  lodging  for  600.000  men,  and  meals  valued 
at  $2,500,000.  Food,  clothing,  medicine,  hospital  delicacies, 
reading  matter,  and  thousands  of  other  articles,  were  sent  to  the 
boys  at  the  front. 

MESSAGES    OF    LOVE   AND    ENCOURAGEMENT. 

Letters,  messages  of  love  and  encouragement,  were  sent  by 
noble  women  from  many  countres  of  the  State  to  encourage  the 
brave  sons  and  brothers  in  the  South.  Below  we  give  a  copy  of  a 
printed  letter  sent  from  Knox  county  to  the  "boys  in  blue,"  as 
showinor  the  feeling's  of  the  women  of  tlie  North.  It  was  headed, 
"  From  the  Women  of  Knox  County  to  Their  Brothers  in  the 
Field."  It  was  a  noble,  soul -inspiring  message,  and  kindled  anew 
the  intensest  love  for  home,  country,  and  a  determination  to  crown 
the  stars  and  stripes  with  victory: 

"You  have  gone  out  from  our  homes,  but  not  from  our  hearts. 
Never  for  one  moment  are  you  forgotten.  Through  weary  march 
and  deadly  conflict  our  prayers  have  ever  followed  you;  your 
sufferings  are  our  sufferings,  your  victories  our  great  joy. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  133 

"  If  there  be  one  of  you  who  knows  not  the  dear  home  ties,  for 
whom  no  mother  prays,  no  sister  watches,  to  him  especially  we 
speak.  Let  him  feel  that  thou^^h  he  may  not  have  one  mother  he 
has  many;  he  is  the  adopted  child  and  brother  of  all  our  hearts. 
N'ot  one  of  you  is  beyond  the  reach  of  our  sympathies;  no  picket- 
station  so  lonely  that  it  is  not  enveloped  in  the  halo  of  our 
prayers. 

"  During  all  the  long,  dark  months  since  our  country  called  you 
from  us,  your  courage,  your  patient  endurance,  your  fidelity,  have 
awakened  our  keenest  interest,  and  we  have  longed  to  give  you  an 
expression  of  that  interest. 

"By  the  alacrity  with  which  you  sprang  to  arms,  by  the  valor 
with  which  those  arms  have  been  wielded,  you  have  placed  our 
State  in  the  front  ranks;  yon  have  made  her  worthy  to  be  the  home 
of  our  noble  President.  For  thus  sustaining  the  honor  of  our 
State,  dear  to  us  as  life,  we  thank  you. 

''  Of  your  courage  we  need  not  speak.  Fort  Donelson,  Pea 
Ridge,  SJiiloh,  Stone  River,  Vicksburg,  speak  with  blood-bathed 
lips  of  your  heroism.  The  Army  of  the  Southwest  fights  beneath 
no  defeat-shadowed  banner;  to  it,  under  God,  the  nation  looks  for 
deliverance. 

"But  we,  as  women,  have  other  cause  for  thanks.  "We  will  not 
speak  of  the  debt  we  owe  the  defenders  of  our  Government;  that 
blood-sealed  bond  no  words  can  cancel.  But  vvc  are  your  debtors 
in  a  way  not  often  recognized.  You  have  aroused  us  from  the 
aimlessness  into  which  too  many  of  our  lives  had  drifted,  and  have 
infused  into  those  lives  a  noble  pathos.  "We  could  not  dream  our 
time  away  while  our  brothers  were  dying  for  us.  Even  your  suffer- 
ings have  worked  together  for  our  good,  by  inciting  us  to  labor  for 
their  alleviation,  thus  giving  us  a  work  worthy  of  our  womanhood. 
Everything  that  we  have  been  permitted  to  do  for  your  comfort 
has  filled  our  lives  so  much  the  fuller  of  all  that  makes  life  valua- 
ble. You  have  thus  been  the  means  of  developing  in  us  a  nobler 
type  of  womanhood  than  without  the  example  of  your  heroism  we 
could  ever  have  attained.  For  this  our  wliole  lives,  made  purer 
and  nobler  by  the  discipline,  will  thank  you. 

"This  war  will  leave  none  of  us  as  it  found  us.  "We  cannot 
bufiet  the  raging  wave  and  escape  all  trace  of  the  salt  sea's  foam. 
Toward    better  or    toward    worse    we    are    hurried    with   fearful 


134  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

haste.  If  we  at  home  feel  this,  what  must  it  be  to  you!  Our 
hearts  throb  with  agony  when  we  think  of  you  wounded,  suffering, 
dying;  but  the  thought  of  no  physical  pain  touches  us  half  so 
deeply  as  the  thought  of  the  temptations  which  surround  you. 
We  could  better  give  you  up  to  die  on  the  battle-field,  true  to  your 
God  and  to  your  country,  than  to  have  you  return  to  us  with 
blasted,  blackened  souls.  When  temptations  assail  fiercel}',  you 
must  let  the  thought  that  your  mothers  are  praying  for  strength 
enable  you  to  overcome  them.  But  fighting  for  a  worthy  cause 
worthily  ennobles  one;  herein  is  our  confidence  that  you  will 
return  better  men  than  you  went  away. 

"By  all  that  is  noble  in  your  manhood;  by  all  that  is  true  in 
our  womanhood;  by  all  that  is  grand  in  patriotism;  by  all  that  is 
sacred  in  religion,  we  adjure  you  to  be  faithful  to  yourselves,  to  us, 
to  your  country,  and  to  your  God.  JSTever  were  men  permitted  to 
fight  in  a  cause  more  worthy  of  their  blood.  Were  you  fighting 
for  mere  conquest,  or  glory,  we  could  not  give  you  up;  but  to  sus- 
tain a  principle,  the  greatest  to  which  human  lips  have  ever  given 
utterance,  even  your  dear  lives  are  not  too  costly  a  sacrifice.  Let 
that  principle,  the  corner-stone  of  our  independence,  be  crushed, 
and  we  are  all  slaves.  Like  the  Suliote  mothers,  we  might  well 
clasp  our  children  in  our  arms  and  leap  down  to  death. 

"To  the  stern  arbitrament  of  the  sword  is  now  committed  the 
honor,  the  very  life  of  this  nation.  You  fight  not  for  yourselves 
alone;  the  eyes  of  the  whole  world  are  on  you;  and  if  you  fail  our 
jSTation's  death-wail  will  echo  throuofh  all  cominc^  ae^es,  moanino-  a 
requiem  over  the  lost  hopes  of  oppressed  humanity.  But  you  will 
not  fail,  so  sure  as  there  is  a  God  in  Heaven.  He  never  meant 
this  richest  argosy  of  the  nations,  freighted  with  the  fears  of  all 
the  world's  tyrants,  with  the  hopes  of  all  its  oppressed  ones,  to 
flounder  in  darkness  and  death.  Disasters  may  come,  as  they  have 
come,  but  they  will  only  be,  as  they  have  been,  ministers  of  good. 
Each  one  has  led  the  nation  upward  to  a  higher  plane,  from  whence 
it  has  seen  with  a  clearer  eye.  Success  could  not  attend  us  at  the 
West  so  long  as  we  scorned  the  help  of  the  black  hand,  which 
alone  had  power  to  open  the  gate  of  redemption;  the  God  of 
battles  would  not  vouchsafe  a  victory  at  the  East  till  the  very  foot- 
prints of  a  McClellan  were  washed  out  in  blood. 

"But  now  all  things  seem  ready;    we  have  accepted  the  aid  of 


HISTORV    oF    ILLINOIS.  135 

that  hand;  those  footsteps  are  obliterated.  In  his  own  good  time 
we  feel  that  God  will  give  us  the  victory.  Till  that  hour  comes  we 
bid  you  fight  on.  Though  we  have  not  attained  that  heroism,  or 
decision,  which  enables  us  to  give  you  up  without  a  struggle,  which 
can  prevent  our  giving  tears  for  your  hlood,  though  many  of  us 
must  own  our  hearts  desolate  till  you  return,  still  we  bid  you  stay 
and  fight  for  our  country,  till  from  this  fierce  baptism  of  blood  she 
shall  be  raised  complete;  the  dust  shaken  from  her  garments  puri- 
fied, a  new  Memnon  singing  in  the  great  Godlight." 

Sherman's  march  to  the  sea. 

On  the  15th  of  November,  1864,  after  the  destruction  of  Atlanta, 
and  the  railroads  behind  him,  Sherman,  with  his  army,  began  his 
march  to  the  sea-coast.  The  almost  breathless  anxiety  with  which 
his  progress  was  watched  by  the  loyal  hearts  of  the  nation,  and  the 
trembling  apprehension  with  which  it  was  regarded  by  all  who 
hoped  for  rebel  success,  indicated  this  as  one  of  the  most  remark- 
able events  of  the  war;  and  so  it  proved.  Of  Sherman's  army,  45 
regiments  of  infantry,  three  companies  of  artillery,  and  one  of 
cavalry  were  from  this  State.  Lincoln  answered  all  rumors  of 
Sherman's  defeat  with,  "  It  is  impossible;  there  is  a  mighty  sight 
of  fight  in  100,000  Western  men."  Illinois  soldiers  brought  home 
300  battle  flags.  The  first  United  States  flag  that  floated  over 
Richmond  was  an  Illinois  flag.  She  sent  messengers  and  nurses  to 
every  field  and  hospital  to  care  for  her  sick  and  wounded  sons. 

Illinois  gave  the  country  the  great  general  of  the  war,  U.  S. 
Grant. 

character   of   ABRAHAM   LINCOLN. 

One  other  name  from  Illinois  comes  up  in  all  minds,  embalmed 
in  all  hearts,  that  must  have  the  supreme  place  in  this  sketch  of 
our  iJ^lorv  and  of  our  nation's  'honor:  that  name  is  Abraham 
Lincoln.  The  analysis  of  Mr.  Lincoln's  character  is  difiicult  on 
account  of  its  symmetry.  In  this  age  we  look  with  admiration  at 
his  uncompromising  honesty;  and  well  we  may,  for  this  saved  us. 
Thousands  throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  our  country,  who 
knew  him  only  as  "Honest  Old  Abe,"  voted  for  him  on  that 
account;  and  wisely  did  they  choose,  for  no  other  man  could  have 
carried  us  through  the  fearful  night  of  war.  "When  his  plans  were 
too  vast  for  our  comprehension,  and  his  faith  in  the  cause  too  sub- 


136  HISTORY    OF   ILLINOIS. 

lime  for  onr  participation;  wlien  it  was  all  night  about  us,  and  all 
dread  before  us,  and  all  sad  and  desolate  behind  us;  when  not  one 
ray  shone  upon  our  cause;  when  traitors  were  haughty  and  exult- 
ant at  the  South,  and  fierce  and  blasphemous  at  the  Xortli;  when 
the  loyal  men  seemed  almost  in  the  minority;  when  the  stoutest 
heart  quailed,  the  bravest  cheek  paled;  when  generals  were  defeat- 
ing each  other  for  place,  and  contractois  were  leeching  out  the  very 
heart's  blood  of  the  republic;  when  everything  else  had  failed  us, 
we  looked  at  this  calm,  patient  man  standing  like  a  rock  in  the 
storm,  and  said,  "  Mr.  Lincoln  is  honest,  and  we  can  trust  him  still." 
Holding  to  this  single  point  with  the  energy  of  faith  and  despair, 
we  held  together,  and  under  God  he  brought  us  through  to  victory. 
His  practical  wisdom  made  him  the  wonder  of  all  lands.  With 
such  certainty  did  Mr.  Lincoln  follow  causes  to  their  ultimate 
effects,  that  his  foresight  of  contingencies  seemed  almost  prophetic. 
He  is  radiant  with  all  the  great  virtues,  and  his  memory  will  shed 
a  glory  upon  this  age  that  will  fill  the  eyes  of  men  as  they  look 
into  histor}'.  Other  men  have  excelled  him  in  some  points;  but, 
taken  at  all  points,  he  stands  head  and  shoulders  above  every  other 
man  of  6,000  years.  An  administrator,  he  saved  the  nation  in  the 
perils  of  unparalleled  civil  war;  a  statesman,  he  justified  his 
measures  by  their  success;  a  philanthropist,  he  gave  liberty  to  one 
race  and  salvation  to  another;  a  moralist,  he  bowed  from  the  sum- 
mit of  human  power  to  the  foot  of  the  cross;  a  mediator,  he  exer- 
cised mercy  under  the  most  absolute  obedience  to  law;  a  leader, 
he  was  no  partisan;  a  commander,  he  was  untainted  with  blood;  a 
ruler  in  desperate  times,  he  was  unsullied  with  crime;  a  man,  he 
has  left  no  word  of  passion,  no  thought  of  malice,  no  trick  of  craft, 
no  act  of  jealousy,  no  purpose  of  selfish  amljition.  Thus  perfected, 
without  a  model  and  without  a  peer,  he  was  dropped  into  these 
troubled  years  to  adorn  and  embellish  all  that  is  good  and  all  that 
is  great  in  our  humanity,  and  to  present  to  all  coming  time  the 
representative  of  the  divine  idea  of  free  government.  It  is  not 
too  much  to  say  that  away  down  in  the  future,  when  the  republic 
has  fallen  from  its  niche  in  the  wall  of  time;  when  the  great  war 
itself  shall  have  faded  out  in  the  distance  like  a  mist  on  the 
horizon;  when  the  Anglo-Saxon  shall  be  spoken  only  by  the  tongue 
of  the  stranger,  then  the  generations  looking  this  way  shall  see 
the  great  President  as  the  supreme  figure  in  this  vortex  of  history. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


K3T 


THE  WAR  ENDED — THE  UNION  RESTORED. 

The  rebellion  was  ended  with  the  surrender  of  Lee  and  his  army, 
and  Johnson  and  his  command  in  April,  1SG5.  Our  armies  at  the 
time  were  up  to  their  maximum  strength,  never  so  formidable, 
never  so  invincible;  and,  until  recruiting  ceased  by  order  of  Sec- 
retary Stanton,  were  daily  strengthening.     The  necessity,  however, 


LINCOLN  MONUMENT  AT  SPRINGFIELD. 

for  SO  vast  and  formidable  numbers  ceased  with  the  disbanding  of 
the  rebel  forces,  which  had  for  more  than  four  years  disputed  the 
supremacy  of  the  Government  over  its  domain.  And  now  the 
joyful  and  welcome  news  was  to  be  borne  to  tlie  victorious  legions 
tliat  their  work  was  ended  in  triumph,  and  they  were  to  be  per- 
mitted "to  see  homes  and  friends  once  more." 


138 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


ScHEDUT-E — Showing  statement  of  volunteer  troops  organized  within  the  State,  and  sent  to  the 
field,  commencing  April,  1801.  and  ending  December  31,  1865.  with  number  of  regimerft,  name 
of  original  commanding  officer,  date  of  organization  and  muster  into  United  States'  service, 
piace  of  muster,  and  the  aggregate  strength  of  each  organization. 

INFANTRY. 


Commanding  officer  at  organiza 
tion. 


7  Col.  John  Cook. 


8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
•17! 
18; 
19; 
201 
21 ! 
22 
23 
24 1 
25l 
261 
27 
2S, 
29 
30 
31 
32 
33 
34 
35 
36i 
37; 
38; 
39' 
40 
41 
42 
43 
44 
45 
46 
47 
46 
49 
50 
51 
52 
53 
54 
65 
56 
5- 
58 
59 
60 
61 
62 
63 
64 
65 
66 
67 
6? 
69 
70 
71 


Richard  J.  Oglesby. 
Kleazer  A.  Paine. . . 

Jas.  D.  Morgan 

W.  H.  L.  Wallace... 

John  McArthur 

John  B.  Wyman 

John  M.  Pa'mer 

Thos.  J.  Turner 

Robert  F.  Smith.... 

Leonard  F.  Ross 

Michael  K.  Lawler.., 
John  B.  Turchin — 

Chas.  C.  Marsh 

Uiypses  S.Grant 

Henry  Dougherty — 

Jas.  A.  Mulligan 

Frederick  Hecker. . . 

Wm.  N.  Coler 

John  M.  Loomis 

Kap.  B.  Btiford 

A.  K.  Johnson 

Jas.  S.  Rearden 

Philip  B.  Fouke 

John  A.  Logan. .   .   . 

John  Logan 

Cha.''.  E.  Hovev 

"    Edward  N.  Kirk 

"    Gus.  A.  Smith 

"    Nich.  Giciisel 

"    Julius  White 

"    Wm.  P.  Carlin 

"    Austin  Li  -ht 

"    Stcph.  G.  Hicks 

"    Isaac  C.  Piigh 

"    Wm.A.  Webb 

"    Julius  Raith 

"    Chas.  Noblesdorff  .. . 

"    John  E.  Smith 

"    John  A.  Davis 

"    John  Brvuer 

"    Isham  N.  Haynie 

"    Wm.  R.Morrison... 

"    Moses  M.  Bane 

'•    G.  W.  Ciiinming. . . . 

"    Isaac  G.  Wilson 

•'    W.  H.  W.  Ciisbman. 

"    Thos.  W.  Harris...   . 

"    David  Stnart 

"    Robert  Kirkham 

"    Silas  D.  Baldwin.... 

"    Wm.  P  Lvnch 

•'    P.  Sidney  Post 

"    Silas  C.  Toler 

"    Jacob  Fry 

"    James  M.  True 

"    Franc's  Mora 

Lt.  Col.  D.  D.  Williams.. 
Col.  Daniel  Cameron  ... . 

"    Patrick  E.  Burke 

"    Rose  1  M.  Hough 

•'    Elias  Stuart 

'•    Jos.  H.  Tucker 

"    O.T.Reeves 

"     Othniel  Gilbert 


Date  of  organization  and  Place  where  mustered! 
muster  into  the  United!  into  the  United  States 
States  service.  service. 


July  25.  1861 . 


May  2i,  1861. 
May  25,  1801. 
May  24,  1861. 


May  28,  1861.. 


June  V\  1861. 
June  15,  18'il. 
June  25,  1861. 
Juno  18,  1801. 
July   8,    1801. 


[Oct.  31,  1801. 


Aug.  3,  1861  . 
July  27,  1861. 
Sept.  30, 1861. 
Sept.  8, 1861.. 
Dec.  31,  1861 
Aug.  15,  1861. 
Sept.  7,  18ol. 


Sept.  2^,  1801 

Sept.  18, 13C1 

Aug.  l.MS'Ji.     .. 
December.  1861.. 

Aug  10,  ISO  I 

Aug,  9, 1801 

Sept.  17,  1801 

Dec.  16,1801 

Sept.  13,  1861.... 
Dec.  20.  1  61 .   ... 

Dec.  2S.  1861 

Oct.  1  1861 

Nov.  18,1801 

Dec.  31.  1361 

Sept.  12.  1801     .. 
Doc.  '61,  Fpb.  '62. 

Nov.  19.  1801 

March.  1802 

Feb.  18.1862 

Oct.  31,1811 

Feb.  27.  l-<62 

Dec.  26,  1801 

Dec.  24.  1861 

Augnsi.  ISOl 

Feb.  IT.  lS'i2 

March  7,  IS'ia.... 
April  10,  1862 


iDec.  31,  1862. 
i  Mavis,  1862. 
I  April.  1P62... 
iJuno  13,  1862. 
June  20,  1802. 
June  14,  \9-<S% 
Julv4.  1802  . 
Jul  V  26.  1802. 


Cairo,  Illinois. 


Dixon 

Jacksonville. 

Freeport 

Quincy 

Peoria 

Anna 


Joliet  .  .  . 
Mattoon... 
Belleville. 
Chicago... 
Chicago.. . 


Camp  But'er. 


Camp 
Camp 
Camp 
Camp 
Camp 
Camp 
Camp 


Butler. 
Butler. 
Butler. 
Butler. 
Butler. 
But'er. 
Butler. 


.\urora 

Chicago 

Camp  Butler.. . 

Chicago 

>a?em 

Decatur 

Chicago 

Camp  Butler. . . 

Chicago 

Ga'ena 

Camp  Bntler. .. 

Peoria 

Camp  Butler. . . 
Camp  Butler.   . 

Quincy 

Camp  "Douglas. 

Geneva.. . . 

Ottawa 

Anna 

Camp  Doufflae 
Shawncctown .. 
Camp  Douglas. 
Camp  Douglas 
«t   Louis,  Mo.. 

Anna . 

Carrollton 

Anna 

Anna 

Camp  Butler. . . 
Camn  Douglas. 
St.  Lou'«.  Mo. . 
Camp  DoTglas. 
Camp  Butler.. . 
Camp  Donclas. 
Camp  Butler.. . 
Camp  Douglas. 


<§§ 
gS 

T'cr 

1747 
1853 
1265 
1759 
1384 
1675 
1112 
2015 
20-28 
1833 
1259 
2043 
11195 
1817 
1260 
1164 
1982 
989 
1082 
1602 
1193 
19.39 
1547 
1^78 
1973 
1711 
1660 
1558 
1012 
1593 
1157 
1388 
1807 
1277 
1211 
1824 
1902 
1512 
1710 
2015 
2051 
1874 
1482 
1761 
1550 
1519 
14  4 
1720 
l':87 
1180 

2202 

17C2 

1647 

1385 

1730 

1.'28 

1624 

1684 

1694 

979 

889 

912 

1006 

940 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


139 


ScnEDULE — Showing  statement  of  volunteer  troops  organized  within  the  State,  and  sent  to  the 
field,  conimouciu!:;  April,  1861,  and  ending  December  31,  18()5,  wth  iminher  of  regiment,  name 
of  original  commanding  citHcer,  date  of  organization  and  muster  into  United  States'  service, 
place  of  muster,  and  the  aggregate  strength  of  each  organization, 

INFANTRY. 


7.^ 

7 

75 

76 

77 

78 

79 

80 

81 

82 

83 

84 

85 

86 

87 


90 
91 
93 
93 
94 
95 
96 
97 
98 
99 

loo 

101 
102 
103 
IO4 
IO5 
106 
lOr 
108 
IO9 
llO 
111 
II2 
113 
114 
II5 
116 
117 
118 
119 
120 
121 
12-2 
12H 
124 
125 
126 
127 
12s 
129 
130 
131 
132 
133 
134 
135 


Commanding  officer  at  organiza-Date  of  organization  and  Place     where     mustered 
tion.  muster  into  the  United     into  the   United  State- 

States  Bervice. 


Col.  Fredericli  A.  Starring 

"    Jas.  F.  Jaquess. 

"    Jason  Marsh 

"    George  Ryan 

"    Alouzo  W.  Mack 

■'    David  P.  Grier 

"■    W.  H.  Bennison 

'■    Lyman  Guinuip 

"    Thos.G.   Olen 

"    Jas.  J.  Do.lins 

'•    Frederick  Hecker 

'^    AhuerC.  Harding 

"    Louis  H.  Waters 

"    Roberts.  Moore 

"    David  D.  Irons 

"    John  E.  Whiting 

"    F.  T.  Sherman.   

■'    John  Christopher 

"    Timothy  O'Mera 

'■    Henry  M.  Day 

•'    Smith  D.  Atkins 

'■    Holden  Putnam 

'•    Wm.  vV.  Orme ... 

' ■    Lavvr'n  S.  Church 

"    Thos.  E.  Champion 

"    P.S.Rutherford 

'•    J.J.  Funkhouser 

"    G.  W.  K.  Biiiley  

'•    Fred.  A.  Bartlesou 

"    Chas.  H.  Fox 

"    Wm.  McMurtry -. . 

"    Amos  C.  Babcock A 

"    Absalom  R.  Moore .., 

"    Daniel  Diistin 

''    Robert  B.  Latham 

"    Thomas  Snell 

"    John  Warner 

"    Alex.  J.  Nimmo  

'•    Thos.  S.  Casey 

•'    James  S.  Martin 

'"     T.  J.  Henderson 

'•    Geo.  B.  Hoge 

•'    James  W.  Judy 

"    Jesse  H.  Moore 

"    Nathan  H.  Tupper 

•'    Risden  M.  Moore 

•'    John  G.  Fonda.. 

"    Thos.  J.  Kenney 

'■    George  W.  McKeaig 

Never  organized 

Col.  John  I.  Riuaker 

James  Moore 

Thomas  J.  Sloan 

Oscar  F.  Harmon 

Jonathan  Richmond 

John  VanArmau 

Robert  M.  Hudley 

George  P.  Smith 

Nathaniel  Niles 

George  W.  Neeley 

Thomas  C.  Pickett 

Thad.  Phillips 

W.  W  MeChesney 

John  S.Wolfe 


Aug.  31, 1862., 


Sept.  4.  1862... 
;5ept.  2.  1862.. 
'Ug  22,1862. 
*Sept.  3.  l-i6i. 
Sept.  1.  18ti2.. 
Aug.  28,  862. . 
Aug.  25,  1862... 
Aug.  2b,  1862.. 


Aug.  21,  1862.. 
Sept.  1,  1862. . 
Aug.  27,  1862 


Sept.  22,  1862. . 
Aug.  27,  1862... 
*Aug  25, 18(i ;. 
Nov.  22,  1862.. 
Sept.  8,  1862... 
Sept.  4,1862... 
Oct.   13,1862.... 
Aug.  20,1862... 
Sept.  4,  I8ii2... 
Sept.  6,  1862... 
Sept.  8,  18!J2.. 
Sept.  3,  1H62  .. 
Aug.  26,  1862.  . 
Aug.   30,  1862. 
Sept.  2,  1862... 


Oct,  2,  1862. . . 
Aug.  27,  1862. 
Sept.  2,  1862. 
Sept.  17,  1862. 
Sept.  4,1862.. 
Aug.  28,  1862. 
Sept.  11,  1861. 


Sept.  IS,  1862. 
Sept.  12. 1862. . 
Oct.  1. 1862. . . . 
Sept.  18,  1862.. 
Sept.  13,  1S62.. 
Sept.  30  1862.. 
Sept.  19,  1862.. 
Nov  29.  1S62. 
Oct.  7,  18G2... 
Oct.  29,  1862... 


Sept.  4,1862.. 
Sept.  6  1S62  . 
Sept.  10.  1862. 
Sept.  4,  1863.. 

*Sept.  5, 1862. 
Dec  18,  1862.. 
Sept.  8,  1862.. 
Oct.  25.1865.. 
Nov.  13,1862.. 
Junel,  1864.. 
May  31,1864.. 


June  6,  1864. 


eervice. 


Camp  Douglas 

Camp  tiutler 

Rockford 

Dixon 

Kankakee 

Peoria.., 

(iuincy 

Danville 

ijentralia 

.inna 

Camp  Butler 

Monmouth 

Quiucy 

Peoria 

Peoria 

Shawneetown 

(.^amp  Douglas 

Camp  Douglas 

Camp  Douglas 

Camp  Butler 

Rockford ...    . 

Princeton  and  Chicago. 

Bloomingtou, 

Rockford 

Rockford 

Camp  Butler 

Centralia , 

Florence,  Pike  Co., 

Joliet 

Jacksonville 

Kuoxville 

peoria... 

Ottawa 

Chicago 

Lincoln 

Camp  Butler 

Peoria 

Anna 

Anna 

Sa  em. .- 

Peoria 

Camp  Douglas 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 

Decatur 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 

Quincv 

CampButler 


Carlinville 

Mattoon.. 

Camp  Butler... 

Danville 

Chicasjo 

Camp^Douglas . 
Camp  Butler... 

Poutiac 

Camp  Butter... 
Camp  Massac. 

Camp  Fry 

Camp  Butler. 

Camp  Fry 

Mattoon 


>■ 

N  cnftQ 

EC  -JMQ 
rt-  ^  T 

c  n> 

D    1) 

•  o  :? 

P  ^ 
VP* 

li7l 

968 

989 

961' 

1110 

1061 

1U28 

974 

928 

llfi7 

961 

1286 

956 

959 

993 

994 

907 

1.85 

958 

1041 

1265 

1036 

1091 

1427 

1306 

1082 

1078 

936 

921 

911 

998 

917 

977 

1001 

1097 

944 

927 

967 

873 

994 

1095 

1258 

990 

960 

952 

995 

1101 

952 

844 

'934 

1050 

1130 

933 

998 

9.57 

866 

1011 

932 

880 

853 

851 

878 

852 


140 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


ScHEDCLE— Showing  statement  of  volunteer  troop?  organized  within  the  State,  and  sent  to  the 
field,  commencini:  April,  1861,  and  ending  December  31, 1865.  with  numher  of  regiment,  name 
of  original  commaiidin-^  officer,  date  of  organization  and  mnster  into  United  States'  service, 
place  of  muster,  and  the  aggregate  strengih'of  each  orgauizaiiou. 


INFANTRY. 


Commanding  officer  at  organiza- iDate  of  organization  and  Place    where     mustered 


tion. 


13 

13 

136 

139 

140 

I4li 

142| 

143 

144! 

145' 

146' 

1471 

148 

149 

I'O 

15t 

152 

153 

154 

155 

156 


Col.  Fred.  A.  Johns..  .. 

'•  Jehu  Wood 

"  J.  W.  Goodwin 

"  Priier  Davidson 

••  L.  H.  v\  hituey 

"•  Stephen  Brouson.. 

*•  RoUiu  V.  Aiiliuey. 

'•  Dudley C.  Smith... 

'•  Oyrus'llall..   

"  Georiie  W.  Lackey 

"  Henry  H.  Dean 

••  lliram  F.  bick'es. . 

"  Horace  II.  Wilsie. . 

"  Wm.  (".  KuefTner. . 

"  George  ^v.  Keener. 

"  French  B.  ^Voodall 

"  F.  D.  Stephenson. . 

"  Stephen  Brouson. . 

"  McLean  F.  Wood. . 

"  Gnstavus  A.  Smith 

"  Alfred  F.  Smith... 

"  J.  W.  Vipon 

"  John  A.  Bross 

iCapt. . I ohn  Curtis 

I    '•  Simon  J.  Stookey. 

"  James  Stecic 


muster  into  the  Uniiedi 
States  service. 


into  the  United  States 
service 


> 


;une  1.  1864... 
June  5.  1864.. 
June  21. 1864. 
June  1.  1864.. 
June  18,  l!r64. 
June  36, 1864. 
June  18,  1864. 
Jquc  ll,lfc64. 
Oct.  21,1864.. 
Iunc9. 1864.. 
Sept.  20,  ]?64. 
Feb.  18,  1865.. 


Feb.  11,  1863. . 
Feb.  14,  1863 
Feb.  25,  1865.. 
Feb.  18,  1865.. 
Feb.  27,  18o5. . 
Feb.  22.  1865. 
Fob.  28.  1865  . 
March  9.  1865. 
Dec.  1,  1861   . 

June '21,  1864.. 


June  15,  1S64. 


Centralia 

Quincy 

Qaiucy 

Peoria 

Camp  Butler.. 

Elgin 

Caiup  Butler.. 

MattooD 

A  ton.  Ills 

Camp  Butler.. 
Camp  Butler.. 

Chicago 

Quincy 

CampButlcr. . 
Camp  Butler.. 

Quincy 

CimpButler. . 

Chicago 

Camp^Butler. . 
Camp  Butler.. 

Chicago.  

Chicago 

Quir.cy 

(  .nmpBntler. . 
Camp  Butler.. 
Chicasro 


842 
849 
835 
878 
871 
842 
fe51 
665 

1159 
8S0 

1056 

1047 
917 
983 
93^^ 
970 
94.3 

1076 

994 

929 

973 

985 

903 

91 

90 

86 


CAAALRY. 


3 
4 
5 
6 

I 

8 
9 
10 
11 
12 
13 
14 
15 
16 
17 


Cot.  Thomas  A.  Marshall. . . . 

'•  Silas  Nob'e 

"  Eugene  A .  Carr 

"  T.Lyle  Dickey 

"  John  J.  Updegraff 

"  Thomas  U.  Cavanaugh. 

"  Wm.  Pitt  Ke'logg  .  .... 

"  John  F.  Farnsworth.. .. 

"  Albert  G.  Brackett 

"  James  A.  Barrett 

"  Roberto.  IngersoU. . .. 

'•  Arno  Vo*s 

"  Joseph  W.Bell 

*'  Horace  Capron 

"  ^  arreu  Stewart  

•'  Christian  Thielman 

"  John  L.  Beveridge 


62 


June.  1861.... 
Aug.  24.  "  . . 
Sept.  21,  •'  .. 
Sept.  30.  "  ... 
December  "  . 
Nov.,  '61,  Jan 

August,  "61..  ■ 

-ept.  18.  '61 

Oct.  26, '61 

Nov.  25.  61 

Dec.  ax  "61 

Dec,  -61.  Feb..  "62, 


Jan.  7,  '63 

Organized  Dec.  25,  '63. 
Jan.  and  April,  "fri. . . . 
Jan.  28,  '64 


'Bloomiugton... 
'Camp  Butler  .. 
(Camp  Butler... 

I  Ottawa 

jCamp  BiU'er. .. 
Camp  Butler... 
Camp  Butler. . . 
St.  t  harles. .  .. 
Camp  Douglas. 
C.imp  Butler... 

Peoria 

Cfimp  Butler.  . 
Camp  Douglas. 

Peoria 

Camp  Bnt'er. . . 
Camp  Butler... 
St.  Charles 


1206 
1861 
2l?3 
1656 
1669 
2348 
228' 
2412 
2619 
l-!'34 
2362 
•2174 
1759 
1565 
1473 
1468 
1247 


FIRST  REGIMENT— ILLINOIS  LIGHT  AETILLERY. 


Co  Field  and  Staff 
A.Capt. 
B 


C 
D 
£ 
F 
G 
H 
I 
K 
L 
M 


C.  M.Willard 

Ezra  Taylor 

C.  Haughtalins 

Edward  Mc.Mlister. 
A.  C.  Waterhouse.. 
John  T.  Cheney  .. . 

Arthur  O'Leary 

Axel  Si'versparr 

Edward  Bouton. . . 

A.  Franklin 

John  Ronrke 

John  B.Miller 

Recruits 


Oct.  31,1P61 

•Tan.  14.  "62 

Dec.  19,  'Ki 

Feb.  2.3,  ■6> 

Feb.  28  "62     ^Cairn  . 

Feh.  20.  '62 'Chicago 

Feb.  15,  ■6-> iChicago 

Ian.  9,  ■(i2 '^ji^^^nectown 


Chicago    

Chicago  .   ... 

Ottawa 

Plaiufield .... 
Chicago  .  ... 
Camp  Butler. 


Feb.  22,  "62. 
Aug.  12,  '62 


Chicaeo  . 
(-  hicago  . 


168 
204 
175 
141 
148 
159 
113 
147 
169 
?6 
153 
154 
883 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


141 


ScjHEDULE— Showing  statement  of  volunteer  troops  organized  witWn  the  State,  and  sent  to  the 
field  commencinL:  April,  18G1,  and  ending  Decembcr"3l,  1865,  witli  number  of  regiment,  name 
of  original  commnndinij  officer,  date  of  organization  and  muster  into  United  States  service, 
place  of  muster,  and  the  aggregate  strength  of  each  organization. 

LIGHT  ARTILLERY. 


9 

Commanding  officer  at  organiza- 
tion. 

Date  of  organization  and 
muster  into  the  United 
States  service. 

Place    where     mustered 
into  the  United  States 
service. 

> 

'if 

To- 

SECOND  REGIMENT— ILLINOIS  LIGHT  ARTILLERY. 


A 
B 
C 
D 
E 
F 
G 
H 
I 
K 
L 
M 


Capt. 


Peter  Davidson 

Riley  Madison 

Caleb  Hopkins 

Jasper  Al.  Dresser 

Adolph  Schwartz 

John  W.  Powell   .. 

Chiirles  J.  Stolbrand.. 

Andrew  Steinbeck  — 

Charles  W.  Keith.    ... 

Benjamin  F.  Rogers.. 

William  H  Bolton.... 

John  C.  Phillips June  6,  '63. 

Field  and  Staff 

Recruits    


Aug.    U,  1661 Peoria. 

June  20,  '61 ; Spri ngfield 

Aug.  5,  '61 Cairo 

Dec.  17, '61 ICairo 

Feb.  1,  "62 'Cairo. 


Dec.  11, '61. 
Dec.  31,  '61. 


Feb.  28,  '62. 


Cape  Girardeau,  Mo... 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 

Camp  Butler 

Chicago 

Chicago 


116 
127 
154 

117 
136 
190 
108 
115 
107 
108 
145 
100 
10 
1171 


INDEPENDENT  BATTERIES. 


Board  of  Trade 

Springfield 

Mercantile  — 

Elgin 

Coggswell'e... 
Henshaw's  — 

Bridges' 

Colvin's 

Busteed's 


Capt.  James  S.  Stokes 

Thomas  F.  Vaughn.. 
"  Charles  G.  Cooley.. . 
"  George  W.  Reuwick. 
"      WiMam  Coggswell.. 

"      Ed.  (\  Heushftw 

"      Lvman  Bridges 

"      JohnH.  Colvin 


July  31,  1862 IChicago 

Aug.  'VI,  "62 iCamp  Butler.  . 

Aug.  29.  '63 iChicago 

Nov.  1.",  '62 Elgin 

Sept  23, '61 ..Camp  Douglas. 

Oct.  15.  '62 Ottawa 

•Ian.  1.  62 Chicago 

Oct.  10,  '63 Chicago 

IChicago 


258 
199 
270 
242 
221 
196 
252 
»l 
127 


RE  C  APITUL  ATI  ON . 

I^f^ntry 185,941 

Cavalry 3i  083 

Artillery 7.277 


DUELS. 

The  code  of  chivalry  so  common  among  Southern  gentlemen 
and  so  frequently  brought  into  nse  in  settling  personal  differences 
has  also  been  called  to  settle  the  "  affiiirs  of  honor  "  in  our  own 
State,  however,  but  few  times,  and  those  in  the  earlier  days. 
Several  attempts  at  duels  have  occurred;  before  the  disputants  met 
in  mortal  combat  the  differences  were  amicably  and  satisfactorily 
settled;  honor  was  maintained  without  the  sacrifice  of  life.  In 
1810  a  law  was  adopted  to  suppress  the  practice  of  dueling.  This 
law  held  the  fatal  result  of  dueling  to  be  murder,  and,  as  it  was 
intended,  had  the  effect  of  making  it  odious  and'  dishonorable. 
Prior  to  the  constitution  of  1848,  parties  w-ould  evade  the  law  by 


142  HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

going  beyond  the  jurisdiction  of  the  State  to  engage  in  their  con- 
tests of  honor.  At  that  time  they  incorporated  in  the  Constitution 
an  oath  of  (jffice,  which  was  so  broad  as  to  cover  the  whole  world. 
Any  person  who  had  ever  fought  a  duel,  ever  sent  or  accepted  a 
challenge  or  acted  the  part  of  second  was  disfranchised  from  holding 
office,  even  of  minor  importance.  After  this  went  into  eifect,  no 
other  duel  or  attempt  at  a  duel  has  been  engaged  in  within  the 
State  of  Illinois,  save  those  fought  by  parties  living  outside  of 
the  State,  who  came  here  to  settle  their  personal  differences. 

THE   FIRST   DUEL. 

The  first  duel  fought  within  the  boundaries  of  this  great  State 
was  between  two  young  military  officers,  one  of  the  French  and 
the  other  of  the  English  army,  in  the  year  1765.  It  was  at  the 
time  the  British  troops  came  to  take  possession  of  Fort  Chartres, 
and  a  woman  was  the  cause  of  it.  The  affair  occurred  early 
Sunday  morning,  near  the  old  fort.  They  fought  with  swords,  and 
in  the  combat  one  sacrificed  his  life. 

BOND    AND   JONES. 

In  1809  the  next  duel  occurred  and  was  bloodless  of  itself,  but  out 
of  it  grew  a  quarrel  which  resulted  in  the  assassination  of  one  of 
the  contestants.  The  principals  wei-e  Shadrach  Bond,  the  first 
Governor,  and  Rice  Jones,  a  bright  young  lawyer,  who  became  quite 
a  politician  and  the  leader  of  his  party.  A  personal  difference  arose 
between  the  two,  which  to  settle,  the  parties  met  for  mortal  combat 
on  an  island  in  the  Mississippi.  The  weapons  selected  were  hair- 
trigger  pistols.  After  taking  their  position  Jones'  weapon  was 
prematurely  discharged.  Bond's  second,  Dunlap,  now  claimed  that 
according  to  tlie  code  Bond  had  the  right  to  the  next  fire.  But 
Bond  would  not  take  so  great  advantage  of  his  opponent,  and  said 
it  was  an  accident  and  would  not  fire.  Such  noble  conduct 
touched  the  generous  nature  of  Jones,  and  the  difficulty  was  at 
once  amicably  settled.  Dunlap,  however,  bore  a  deadly  hatred  for 
Jones,  and  one  day  while  he  was  standing  in  the  street  in  Kaskaskia, 
conversing  with  a  lady,  lie  crept  up  behind  him  and  shot  him  dead 
in  his  tracks.     Dunlap  successfully  escaj^ed  to  Texas. 

EECTOR  AND   BAKTON. 

in  1812  the  bloody  code  again  brought  two  young  men  to  the 
field  of  honor.     They  were  Thomas  Eector,  a  son  of  Capt.  Stephen 


IIHliii.'lPlii.    rjlilfSl 

f  fiMilnliiif'iN 


'■ill';  I 

'lip 


o 

I— ( 


?       < 


Q 


n 

Q 

5?; 


o 
pi 

M 


Of  'I  HE 
MlVrft'ollV   Cf   ILLINOIS 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  145 

Rector  who  bore  such  a  noble  part  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  Joshua 
Barton.  Thej  liad  espoused  the  quarrel  of  older  brothers.  The 
affair  occurred  on  Bloody  Island,  in  the  Mississippi,  but  in  the 
limits  of  Illinois.  This  place  was  frequented  so  often  by  Missou- 
rians  to  settle  personal  difficulties,  that  it  received  the  name  of 
Bloody  Island.     Barton  fell  in  this  conflict. 

STEWART   AND    BENNETT. 

In  1819  occurred  the  first  duel  fought  after  the  admission  of  the 
State  into  the  Union.  This  took  place  in  St.  Clair  county  between 
Alphonso  Stewart  and  William  Bennett.  It  was  intended  to  be  a 
sham  duel,  to  turn  ridicule  against  Bennett,  the  challenging  party- 
Stewart  was  in  the  secret  but  Bennett  was  left  to  believe  it  a 
reality.  Their  guns  were  loaded  with  blank  cartridges.  Bennett, 
suspecting  a  trick,  put  a  ball  into  his  gun  without  the  knowledge 
of  his  seconds.  The  word  "fire"  \yas^ .given,  and  Stewart  fell 
mortally  wounded.  Bennett  made, his  escfape,  but  was  subsequently 
captured,  convicted  of  murder  and  suffei'Cd'  the  penalty  of  the  law 
by  hanging. 

PEARSON    AND    BAKER. 

In  1840  a  personal  difference  arose  between  two  State  Senators, 
Judge  Pearson  and  E.  D.  Baker.  The  latter,  smarting  under  the 
epithet  of  "  falsehood,"  threatened  to  chastise  Pearson  in  the  public 
streets,  by  a  "  fist  fight."  Pearson  declined  making  a  "blackguard'' 
of  himself  but  intimated  a  readiness  to  fight  as  gentlemen,  accord- 
ing to  the  code  of  honor.  The  affair,  however,  was  carried  no 
further. 

HARDIN    AND   DODGE. 

The  exciting  debates  in  the  Legislature  in  1840-'41  were  often 
bitter  in  personal  "slings,"  and  threats  of  combats  were  not 
infrequent.  During  these  debates,  in  one  of  the  speeches  by  the 
Hon.  J.  J.  Hardin,  Hon.  A.  E.  Dodge  thought  he  discovered  a 
personal  insult,  took  exceptions,  and  an  "  affair  "  seemed  imminent. 
The  controversy  was  referred  to  friends,  however,  and  amicably 
settled. 

m'clernand  and  smith. 

Hon.  John  A.  McClernand,  a  member  of  the  House,  in  a  speech 
delivered  during  the  same  session  made  charges  against  the  Whig 
Judges  of  the  Supreme  Court.     This  brought  a  note  from  Judge 


146  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

T.  "W.  Smith,  bv  the  hands  of  his  "  friend ''  Dr.  Merriman,  to 
MeClernand.  This  was  construed  as  a  challenge,  and  promptly 
accepted,  naming  the  place  of  meeting  to  be  Missouri;  time,  early; 
the  weapons,  rifles;  and  distance,  40  paces.  At  this  critical  junc- 
ture, the  Attorney  General  had  a  warrant  issued  against  the  Judge, 
whereupon  he  was  arrested  and  placed  under  bonds  to  keep  the 
peace.     Thus  ended  this  attempt  to  vindicate  injured  honor. 

LIXCOLX  AND  SHIELDS. 

During  the  hard  times  subsequent  to  the  failure  of  the  State  and 
Other  banks,  in  1S4'2,  specie  became  scarce  while  State  money  was 
plentiful,  but  worthless.  The  State  officers  thereupon  demanded 
specie  payment  for  taxes.  This  was  bitterly  op]xised,  and  so  fiercely 
contested  that  the  collection  of  tiixes  was  suspended. 

Daring  the  period  of  the  greatest  indignation  toward  the  State 
officials,  under  the  nom  de plume  of  "Rebecca,"'  Abraham  Lincoln 
had  an  article  published  in  the  San^anw  Journal,  entitled  "  Lost 
Township.'*     In  this  article,  written  in  the  form  of  a  dialogue,  the 
officers  of  the  State  were  roughly  handled,  and  especially  Auditor 
Shields.     The  name  of  the  author  was  demaded  from  the  editor  by 
Mr.  Shields,  who  was  very  indignant  over  the  manner  in  which  he 
was  treated.      The  name  of  Abraham  Lincoln  was  given  as   the 
author.     It  is  claimed  by  some  of  his  biographers,  however,  that 
the  article  was  prepared  by  a  lady,  and  that  when  the  name  of  the 
author  was  demanded,  in  a  spirit  of  gallantry,   Mr.  Lincoln  gave 
his  name.     In  company  with  Gen.  Whiteside,  Gen.  Shields  pur- 
sued Lincoln  to  Tremont,  Tazewell  county,  where  he  was  in  attend- 
ance upon  the  court,  and  immediately  sent  him  a  note  "requiring 
a  full,  positive  and  absolute  retraction  of  all  offensive  allusions'' 
made  to  him  in  relation  to  his  "private  character  and  standing  as 
a  man,  or  an  apology  for  the  insult  conveyed."     Lincoln  bad  been 
forewarned,  however,   for  William  Butler  and   Dr.  Merriman.  of 
Springfield,  had  become  acquainted  with  Shields'  intentions  and  by 
riding  all  night  arrived  at  Tremont  ahead  of  Shields  and  informed 
Lincoln  what  he  might  expect     Lincoln  answered  Shields'  note, 
refusing  to  offer  any  explanation,  on  the  grounds  that  Shields'  note 
assumed  the  fact  of  his  (Lincoln's)  authorship  of  the  article,  and 
not  pointing  out  what  the  offensive  part  was.  and  accompanying  the 
same  with  threats  as  to  consequences.     Mr.  Shields  answered  this, 
disavowing  all  intention  to  menace:   inquired  if  he  was  the  author. 


IlISTOKy   OF    ILLINOIS.  147 

HHlccd  a  retraction  of  that  portion  relating  to  his  private  cliaracter. 
Mr.  Liacohi,  still  technical,  returned  this  note  with  the  verbal 
statement  "  that  tliere  could  be  no  further  negotiations  until  the 
first  note  was  withdrawn."  At  this  Shields  named  Gen.  White- 
side as  his  "  friend,"  when  Lincoln  reported  Dr.  Merriman  as  his 
"friend."  These  gentlemen  secretly  pledged  themselves  to  ao'ree 
upon  some  amicable  terras,  and  compel  their  principals  to  accept 
them.  The  four  went  to  Springfield,  when  Lincoln  left  for  Jack- 
sonville, leaving  the  following  instructions  to  guide  his  friend,  Dr. 
Merriman: 

"  In  case  Whiteside  shall  signify  a  wish  to  adjust  this  affair  with- 
out further  difficulty,  let  him  know  that  if  the  present  papers  be 
withdrawn  and  a  note  from  Mr.  Shields,  asking  to  know  if  I  am  the 
author  of  the  articles  of  which  he  complains,  and  asking  that  I  shall 
make  him  gentlemanly  satisfaction,  if  I  am  the  author,  and  this 
without  menace  or  dictation  as  to  what  that  satisfaction  shall  be,  a 
pledge  is  made  that  the  following  answer  shall  be  given: 

I  did  write  the  "Lost  Township  "  letter  which  appeared  in  the  Journal  of  the 
2d  Inst.,  l)ut  had  no  participation,  in  any  form,  in  any  other  article  alluding  to 
you.  I  wrote  that  wholly  for  political  effect.  I  had  no  intention  of  injuring 
your  personal  or  private  character  or  standing,  as  a  man  or  gentleman ;  and  I  did 
not  then  think,  and  do  not  now  thiuk,  that  that  article  could  produce  or  has  pro- 
duced that  effect  against  you;  and,  had  I  anticipated  such  an  effect,  would  hive 
foreborne  to  write  it.  And  I  will  add  thit  your  conduct  toward  me,  so  far  a3  I 
know,  had  always  been  gentlemanly,  and  that  I  had  no  personal  pique  against 
you,  and  no  cause  for  any.  _ 

"  If  this  should  be  done,  I  leave  it  to  you  to  manage  what  shall 
and  what  shall  not  be  published.  If  nothing  like  this  is  done,  the 
preliminaries  of  the  fight  are  to  be: 

"  1st.  Weapons. — Cavalry  broad  swords  of  the  largest  size,  pre- 
cisely equal  in  all  respects,  and  such  as  are  now  used  by  the  cavalry 
company  at  Jacksonville. 

"  2d.  Position. — A  plank  ten  feet  long  and  from  nine  to  twelve 
inches  broad,  to  be  firmly  fixed  on  edge,  on  the  ground,  as  a  line 
between  us  which  neither  is  to  pass  his  foot  over  on  forfeit  of  his 
life.  Next  a  line  drawn  on  the  ground  on  either  side  of  said  plank, 
and  parallel  with  it,  each  at  the  distance  of  the  whole  length  of  the 
sword,  and  three  feet  additional  from  the  plank;  and  the  passing  of 
his  own  such  line  by  either  party  during  the  fight,  shall  be  deemed 
a  surrender  of  the  contest. 


148  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

"3d.  Time. — On  Thursday  evening  at  5  o'clock,  if  you  can  p;et 
it  so;  but  in  no  case  to  be  at  a  greater  distance  of  time  than  Friday 
evening  at  5  o'clock. 

"4tli.  Place. — Within  three  miles  of  Alton,  on  the  opposite 
side  of  the  river,  the  particular  spot  to  be  agreed  on  by  you. 

"  Any  preliminary  details  coming  within  the  above  rules,  you  are 
at  liberty  to  make  at  your  discretion,  but  you  are  in  no  case  to 
swerve  from  these  rules,  or  pass  beyond  their  limits." 

The  position  of  the  contestants,  as  prescribed  by  Lincoln,  seems 
to  have  been  such  as  both  would  have  been  free  from  comino^  in 
contact  with  the  sword  of  the  other,  and  the  first  impression  is  that 
it  is  nothing  more  than  one  of  Lincoln's  jokes,  tie  possessed  very 
long  arms,  however,  and  could  reach  his  adversary  at  the  stipulated 
distance. 

Not  being  amicably  arranged,  all  parties  repaired  to  the  field  of 
combat  in  Missouri.  Gen.  Hardin  and  Dr.  English,  as  mutual 
friends  of  both  Lincoln  and  Shields,  arrived  in  the  meantime,  and 
after  much  correspondence  at  their  earnest  solicitation  the  affair 
was  satisfactorily  arranged,  Lincoln  making  a  statement  similar  to 
the  one  above  referred  to. 

SHIELDS  AXD  BUTLER. 

William  Butler,  one  of  Lincoln's  seconds,  was  dissatisfied  with 
the  bloodless  termination  of  the  Lincoln-Shields  afiair,  and  wrote  an 
account  of  it  for  the  Sangamo  Journal.  This  article  reflected  dis- 
creditably upon  both  the  principals  engaged  in  that  controversy. 
Shields  replied  by  the  hands  of  his  friend  Gen.  Whiteside,  in  a 
curt,  menacing  note,  which  was  promptly  accepted  as  a  challenge 
by  Butler,  and  the  inevitable  Dr.  Merriman  named  as  his  friend, 
who  submitted  the  following  as  preliminaries  of  the  fight: 

Time. — Sunrise  on  the  following  morning. 

Place. — Col.  Allen's  farm  (about  one  mile  north  of  State  House.) 
Weapons. — Bifles. 

Distance'. — One  hundred  yards. 

The  parties  to  stand  with  their  right  sides  toward  each  other — 
the  rifles  to  be  held  in  both  hands  horizontally  and  cocked,  arras 
extended  downwards.  Neither  pai'ty  to  move  his  person  or  his 
rifle  after  being  placed,  before  the  word  fire.  The  signal  to  be: 
"Are  you  ready?     Fire!     one — two— three!"   about  a   second    of 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  149 

time  intervening  between  each  word.     Neither  party  to  fire  before 
the  word  "  fire,"  nor  after  the  word  "  three." 

Gen.  Whiteside,  in  language  curt  and  abrupt,  addressed  a  note  to 
Dr.  Merriman  declining  to  accept  the  terms.  Gen.  Sliields,  how- 
ever, addressed  anotlier  note  to  Butler,  explaining  the  feelings  of 
his  second,  and  ofi*ering  to  go  out  to  a  lonely  place  on  the  prairie  to 
figlit,  where  there  would  be  no  danger  of  being  interrupted;  or,  if 
that  did  not  suit,  he  would  meet  him  on  his  own  conditions,  when 
and  where  he  pleased.  Butler  claimed  the  affair  was  closed  and 
declined  the  proposition. 

WHITESIDE   AND    MEKRIMAN. 

Now  Gen.  Whiteside  and  Dr.  Merriman,  who  several  times  had 
acted  in  the  capacity  of  friends  or  seconds,  were  to  handle  the 
deadly  weapons  as  principals.  While  second  in  the  Shields-Butler 
Jlasco,  Wluteiide  declined  the  terms  proposed  by  Butler,  in  curt 
and  abrupt  language,  stating  that  tlie  place  of  combat  could  not  be 
dictated  to  him,  for  it  was  as  much  his  right  as  Merriman's,  who, 
if  he  was  a  gentleman,  would  recognize  and  concede  it.  To  this 
Merriman  replied  by  the  hands  of  Capt.  Lincoln.  It  will  be 
remembered  that  Merriman  had  acted  in  the  same  capacity  for  Lin- 
coln. Whiteside  then  wrote  to  Merriman,  asking  to  meet  him  at 
St.  Louis,  when  he  would  hear  from  him  further.  To  this  Merri- 
man replied,  denying  his  right  to  name  place,  but  offered  to  meet 
in  Louisiana,  Mo.  This  Whiteside  would  not  agree  to,  but  later 
signified  his  desire  to  meet  him  there,  but  the  affair  being  closed, 
the  doctor  declined  to  re-open  it. 

PRATT  AND  CAMPBELL. 

These  two  gentlemen  were  members  of  the  Constitutional  Con- 
vention of  1847,  and  both  from  Jo  Davies  county.  A  dispute  arose 
which  ended  in  a  challenge  to  meet  on  the  field  of  honor.  They 
both  repaired  to  St.  Louis,  but  the  authorities  gaining  knowledge 
of  their  bloody  intentions,  had  both  parties  arrested,  w^iich  ended 
this  "  affair." 

DKESS  AND  MANNERS. 

The  dress,  habits,  etc.,  of  a  people  throw  so  much  light  upon  their 
conditions  and  limitations  that  in  order  better  to  show  the  circum- 
stances surrounding  the  people  of  the  State,  we  will  give  a  short 


150  HISTOKY    OF   ILLINOIS. 

exposition  of  the  manner  of  life  of  our  Illinois  people  at  different 
epochs.  The  Indians  themselves  are  credited  by  Charlevoix  with 
bein^  "  very  laborious," — raising  poultry,  spinning  the  wool  of  the 
buffalo  and  manufacturing  garments  therefrom.  These  must  have 
been,  however,  more  than  usually  favorable  representatives  of  their 
race. 

"  The  working  and  voyaging  dress  of  the  French  masses,"  says 
Reynolds,  "was  simple  and  primitive.  The  French  were  like  the 
lilies  of  the  valley  (the  Old  Ranger  was  not  always  exact  in  his 
quotations), — they  neither  spun  nor  wove  any  of  their  clothing,  but 
purchased  it  from  the  merchants.  The  white  blanket  coat,  known 
as  the  capot,  was  the  universal  and  eternal  coat  for  the  winter  with 
the  masses.  A  cape  was  made  of  it  that  could  be  raised  over  the 
head  in  cold  weather. 

"  In  the  house,  and  in  good  weather,  it  hung  behind,  a  cape  to 
the  blanket  coat.  The  reason  that  I  know  these  coats  so  well  is, 
that  I  have  worn  many  in  my  youth,  and  a  working  man  never  wore 
a  better  garment.  Dressed  deer-skins  and  blue  cloth  were  worn 
commonly  in  the  winter  for  pantaloons.  The  blue  handkerchief 
and  the  deer-skin  moccasins  covered  the  head' and  feet  generally  of 
the  French  Creoles.  In  1800,  scarcely  a  man  thought  himself  clothed 
unless  he  iiad  a  belt  tied  around  his  blanket  coat,  and  on  one  side 
was  hung  the  dressed  skin  of  a  pole-cat,  tilled  with  tobacco,  pipe, 
flint  and  steel.  On  the  other  side  was  fastened,  under  the  belt,  the 
the  butcher-knife.  A  Creole  in  this  dress  felt  like  Tarn  O'Shanter 
tilled  with  usquebaugh;  he  could  face  the  devil.  Checked  calico 
shirts  were  then  common,  bul  in  winter  flannel  was  frequently 
worn.  In  the  summer  the  laboring  men  and  the  voyagers  often 
took  their  shirts  off  in  hard  work  and  hot  weather,  and  turned  out 
the  naked  back  to  the  air  and  sun." 

"  Among  the  Americans,"  he  adds,  "  home-made  wool  hats  were 
the  common  wear.  Fur  hats  were  not  feommon,  and  scarcely  a  boot 
was  seen.  The  covering  of  the  feet  in  winter  was  chiefly  moccasins 
made  of  deer-skins,  and  shoe  packs  of  tanned  leather.  Some  wore 
shoes,  but  not  common  in  very  early  times.  In  the  summer  the 
greater  portion  of  the  young  people,  male  and  female,  and  many  of 
the  old,  went  barefoot.  The  substantial  and  universal  outside  wear 
was  the  blue  linsey  hunting-shirt.  This  is  an  excellent  garment, 
and  I  have  never  felt  so  happy  and  healthy  since  I  laid  it  off.     It  is 


!  »■  I ' 


LIBRARV 
OF  THE 

ilY   OF   ILliNOIS. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  153 

made  of  wide  sleeves,  open  before,  with  ample  size  so  as  to  envelop 
the  body  almost  twice  around.  Sometimes  it  had  a  large  cape, 
which  answers  well  to  save  the  shoulders  from  the  rain.  A  belt  is 
mostly  used  to  keep  the  garment  close  around  the  person,  and, 
nevertheless,  there  is  nothing  tight  about  it  to  hamper  the  body. 
It  is  often  fringed,  and  at  times  the  fringe  is  composed  of  red,  and 
other  gay  colors.  The  belt,  frequently,  is  sewed  to  the  hunting-shirt. 
The  vest  was  mostly  made  of  striped  linsey.  The  colors  were  made 
often  with  alum,  copperas  and  madder,  boiled  with  the  bark  of  trees, 
in  such  a  manner  and  proportions  as  the  old  ladies  prescribed.  The 
pantaloons  of  the  masses  were  generally  made  of  deer-skin  and 
linsey.     Course  blue  cloth  was  sometimes  made  into  pantaloons. 

"  Linsey,  neat  and  fine,  manufactured  at  home,  composed  generally 
the  outside  garments  of  the  females  as  well  as  the  males.  The 
ladies  had  linsey  colored  and  woven  to  suit  their  faiicy.  A  bonnet, 
composed  of  calico,  or  some  gay  goods,  was  worn  on  the  head  when 
they  were  in  the  open  air.  Jewek-y-  on  the  pioneer  ladies  was 
uncommon;  a  gold  ring  wa^.g^n  oniameVit  not  often  seen." 

In  1820  a  change  of  dress  began  "to  take  place,  and  before  1830, 
according  to  Ford,  most  of  the  pioneer  costume  had  disappeared. 
"The  blue  linsey  hunting-shirt,  with  red  or  white  fringe,  had  given 
place  to  the  cloth  coat.  [Jeans  would  be  more  like  the  fact.]  The 
raccoon  cap,  with  the  tail  of  the  animal  dangling  down  behind,  had 
been  thrown  aside  for  hats  of  wool  or  fur.  Boots  and  shoes  had 
supplied  the  deer-skin  moccasins;  and  the  leather  breeches,  strapped 
tight  around  the  ankle,  had  disappeared  before  unmentionables  of  a 
more  modern  material.  The  female  sex  had  made  still  greater  pro. 
gress  in  dress.  The  old  sort  of  cotton  or  woolen  frocks,  spun,  woven 
and  made  with  their  own  fair  hands,  and  striped  and  cross-barred 
with  blue  dye  and  turkey  red,  had  given  place  to  gowns  of  silk  and 
calico.  The  feet,  before  in  a  state  of  nudity,  now  charmed  in  shoes 
of  calf-skin  or  slippers  of  kid;  and  the  head,  formerly  unbonneted, 
but  covered  with  a  cotto.i  handkerchief,  now  displayed  the  charms 
of  the  female  face  under  many  forms  of  bonnets  of  straw,  silk  and 
leghorn.  The  young  ladies,  instead  of  walking  a  mile  or.  two  to 
church  on  Sunday,  carrying  their  shoes  and  stockings  in  their  hands 
until  within  a  hundred  yards  of  the  place  of  worship,  as  formerly, 
now  came  forth  arrayed  complete  in  all  the  pride  of  dress,  mounted 
on  fine  horses  and  attended  by  their  male  admirers." 


154  HISTORY    or    ILLINOIS. 

The  last  half  century  has  doubtless  witnessed  changes  quite  as 
great  as  those  set  forth  by  our  Illinois  historian.  The  chronicler 
of  to  day,  looking  back  to  the  golden  days  of  1830  to  1840,  and 
comparing  them  with  the  present,  must  be  struck  with  the  tendency 
of  an  almost  monotonous  uniformity  in  dress  and  manners  that 
comes  from  the  easy  inter  communication  afforded  by  steamer,  rail- 
way, telegraph  and  newspaper.  Home  manufacturers  have  been 
driven  from  the  household  by  the  lower-priced  fabrics  of  distant 
mills.  The  Kentucky  jeans,  and  the  copperas-colored  clothing  of 
home  manufacture,  so  familiar  a  few  years  ago,  have  given  place  to 
the  cassi meres  and  cloths  of  noted  factories.  The  ready-made- 
clothing  stores,  like  a  touch  of  nature,  made  the  whole  world  kin- 
and  may  drape  the  charcoal  man  in  a  dress-coat  and  a  stove-pipe 
hat.  The  prints  and  silks  of  England  and  France  give  a  variety  of 
choice,  and  an  assortment  of  colors  and  shades  such  as  the  pioneer 
women  could  hardly  have  dreamed  of.  Godey,  and  Demorest,  and 
Harper's  Bazar  are  found  in  our  modern  farm-houses,  and  the  latest 
fashions  of  Paris  are  not  uncommon. 

PHYSICAL  FEATURES   OF   ILLIXOIS. 

In  area  the  State  has  55,410  square  miles  of  territory.  It  is 
about  150  miles  wide  and  400  miles  long,  stretching  in  latitude 
from  Maine  to  Xorth  Carolina.  The  climate  varies  from  Portland 
to  Richmond.  It  favors  every  product  of  the  continent,  including 
the  tropics,  with  less  than  half  a  dozen  exceptions.  It  produces 
every  great  food  of  the  world  except  bananas  and  rice.  It  is  hardly 
too  much  to  say  that  it  is  the  most  productive  spot  known  to  civil- 
ization. "With  the  soil  full  of  bread  and  the  earth  full  of  minerals; 
with  an  upper  surface  of  food  and  an  under  layer  of  fuel;  with  per- 
fect natural  drainage,  and  abundant  springs,  and  streams,  and  navi- 
gable rivers;  half  way  between  the  forests  of  the  Korth  and  the 
fruits  of  the  South;  within  a  day's  ride  of  the  great  deposits  of 
iron,  coal,  copper,  lead  and  zinc;  and  containing  and  controlling 
the  great  grain,  cattle,  pork  and  lumber  markets  of  the  world,  it  is 
not  strange  that  Illinois  has  the  advantage  of  position. 

There  are  no  mountains  in  Illinois;  in  the  southern  as  well  as  in 
the  northern  part  of  the  State  there  are  a  few  hills;  near  the  banks 
of  the  Illinois,  Mississippi,  and  several  other  rivers,  the  ground  is 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  155 

elevated,  forming  the  so-called  bluffs,  on  which  at  the  present  day 
may  be  found,  unetfaced  by  the  hand  of  Time,  the  marks  and  traces 
left  by  the  water  which  was  formerly  much  higher;  whence  it  may 
be  safe  to  conclude  that,  where  now  the  fertile  prairies  of  Illinois 
extend,  and  the  rich  soil  of  the  country  yields  its  golden  harvests, 
must  have  been  a  vast  sheet  of  water,  the  mud  deposited  l)y  which 
formed  the  soil,  thus  accounting  for  the  present  great  fertility  of  the 
country. 

Illinois  is  a  garden  400  miles  long  and  150  miles  wide.  Its  soil 
is  chiefly  a  black,  sandy  loam,  from  6  inches  to  60  feet  thick.  About 
the  old  French  towns  it  has  yielded  corn  for  a  century  and  a  half 
without  rest  or  help.  She  leads  all  other  States  in  the  number 
of  acres  actually  under  plow.  Her  mineral  wealth  is  scarcely 
second  to  her  agricultural  power.  She  has  coal,  iron,  lead,  zinc, 
copper,  many  varieties  of  building  stone,  marble,  fire  clay,  cuma 
clay,  common  brick  clay,  sand  of  all  kinds,  gravel,  mineral  paint, — 
in  fact,  everything  needed  for  a  high  civilization. 

AGRICULTURE. 

If  any  State  of  the  Union  is  adapted  for  agriculture,  and  the  other 
branches  of  rural  economy  relating  thereto,  such  as  the  raising  of 
cattle  and  the  culture  of  fruit  trees,  it  is  pre-eminently  Illinois, 
Her  extremely  fertile  prairies  recompense  the  farmer  at  less 
trouble  and  expense  than  he  would  be  obliged  to  incur  elsewhere,  in 
order  to  obtain  the  same  results.  Her  rich  soil,  adapted  by  nature 
for  immediate  culture,  only  awaits  the  plow  and  the  seed  in  order 
to  mature,  within  a  few  months,  a  most  bountiful  harvest,  A 
review  of  statistics  will  be  quite  interesting  to  the  reader,  as  well  as 
valuable,  as  showing  the  enormous  quantities  of  the  various  cereals 
produced  in  our  prairie  State: 

In  18 T6  there  was  raised  in  the  State  130,000,000  of  bushels  of 
corn, — twice  as  much  as  any  other  State,  and  one-sixth  of  all  the  corn 
raised  in  the  United  States.  It  would  take  375,000  cars  to  transport 
this  vast  amount  of  corn  1o  market,  which  would  make  15,000  trains 
of  25  cars  each.  She  liarvested  2,747,000  tons  of  hay,  nearly  one- 
tenth  of  all  the  hay  in  the  Republic,  It  is  not  generally  appreciated, 
but  it  is  true,  that  the  hay  crop  of  the  country  is  worth  more  than 
the  cotton  crop.   The  hay  of  Illinois  equals  the  cotton  of  Louisiana- 


156  HISTORY    OF    ILLINv>IS. 

Go  to  Charleston,  S.  C,  and  see  them  peddling  handfuls  of  hay  or 
grass,  almost  as  a  curiosity,  as  we  regard  Chinese  gods  or  the  cryo- 
lite of  Greenland;  drink  your  coffee  and  condensed  milk;  and  walk 
back  from  the  coast  for  many  a  league  through  the  sand  and  burs 
till  you  get  up  into  the  better  atmosphere  of  the  mountains,  with- 
out seeing  a  waving  meadow  or  a  grazing  herd;  then  you  will  begin 
to  appreciate  tlie  meadows  of  tlie  Prairie  State. 

The  value  of  her  farm  implements  was,  in  1876,  $211,000,000, 
and  the  value  of  live  stock  was  only  second  to  New  York.  The 
same  year  she  had  25,000,000  hogs,  and  packed  2,113,845,  about 
one-half  of  all  that  were  packed  in  the  United  States.  She  marketed 
$57,000,000  worth  of  slaughtered  animals, — more  than  any  other 
State,  and  a  seventh  of  all  tlie  States. 

Illinois  excels  all  other  States  in  miles  of  railroads  and  in  miles 
of  postal  service,  and  in  money  orders  sold  per  annum,  and  in  the 
amount  of  lumber  sold. 

Illinois  was  only  second  in  many  important  matters,  taking  the 
reports  of  1876.  Tliis  sample  list  comprises  a  few  of  the  more 
important:  Peripanent  school  fund;  total  income  for  educational 
purposes;  number  of  publishers  of  books,  maps,  papers,  etc.;  value 
of  farm  products  and  implements,  and  of  live  stock;  in  tons  of  coal 
mined. 

The  shipping  of  Illinois  was  only  second  to  New  York.  Out  of 
one  port  daring  the  business  hours  of  the  season  of  navigation  she 
sent  forth  a  vessel  every  nine  minutes.  This  did  not  include  canal- 
boats,  which  went  one  every  five  minutes. 

No  wonder  she  was  only  second  in  number  of  bankers  or  in  phy- 
sicians and  suro^eons. 

She  was  third  in  colleges,  teachers  and  schools;  also  in  cattle, 
lead,  hay,  flax,  sorghum  and  beeswax. 

She  was  fourth  in  population,  in  children  enrolled  in  public 
schools,  in  law  schools,  in  butter,  potatoes  and  carriages. 

She  was  fifth  in  value  of  real  and  personal  property,  in  theologi- 
cal seminaries,  and  colleges  exclusively  for  women,  in  milk  sold, 
and  in  boots  and  shoes  manufactured,  and  in  book-binding. 

She  was  only  seventh  in  the  production  of  wood,  while  she  was 
the  twelfth  in  area.  Surely  that  was  well  done  for  the  Prairie  State. 
She  then  had,  in  1876,  much  more  wood  and  growing  timber  than 
she  had  thirty  years  before. 


HISTORY   OF    ILLINOIS.  ;157 

A  few  leading  industries  will  justify  emphasis.  She  manufactured 
$205,000,000  worth  of  goods,  which  placed  her  well  up  toward 
New  York  and  Pennsylvania.  The  number  of  her  manufacturing 
establishments  increased  from  1860  to  1870,  300  per  cent. ;  capital 
employed  increased  350  per  cent.;  and  the  amount  of  product  in- 
creased 400  per  cent.  She  issued  5,500,000  copies  of  commercial 
and  financial  newspapers,  being  only  second  to  New  York.  She  had 
6,759  miles  of  railroad,  then  leading  all  other  States,  worth  $636,- 
458,000,  using  3,245  engines,  and  67,712  cars,  making  a  train  long 
enouirh  to  cover  one-tenth  of  the  entire  roads  of  the  State.  Her 
stations  were  only  five  miles  apart.  She  carried,  in  1876,  15,795,- 
000  passengers  an  average  of  36|-  miles,  or  equal  to  taking  her 
entire  population  twice  across  the  State.  More  tlian  two-thirds  of 
her  land  was  within  five  miles  of  a  railroad,  and  less  than  two  per 
cent,  was  more  than  fifteen  miles  away 

The  State  has  a  large  financial  interest  in  the  Illinois  Central 
railroad.  The  road  was  incorporated  m  1850,  and  the  State  gave 
each  alternate  section  for  six  miles  on  each  side,  and  doubled  the 
price  of  the  remaining  land,  so  keeping  herself  good.  The  road 
received  2,595,000  acres  of  land,  and  paid  to  the  State  one-seventh 
of  the  gross  receipts.  The  State  received  in  1877,  $350,000,  and 
had  received  up  to  that  year  in  all  about  $7,000,000.  It  was  prac- 
tically the  people's  road,  and  it  had  a  most  able  and  gentlemanly 
management.  Add  to  the  above  amount  the  annual  receipts  from 
the  canal,  $111,000,  and  a  large  per  cent,  of  the  State  tax  was  pro- 
vided foro 

GOVERNORS  OF   ILLINOIS. 

Shadrach  Bond — Was  the  first  Governor  of  Illinois.  He  was  a 
native  of  Maryland  and  born  in  1773;  was  raised  on  a  farm;  re- 
ceived a  common  English  education,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1794 
He  served  as  a  delegate  in  Congress  from  1811  to  1815,  where  he 
procured  the  right  of  pre-emption  of  public  land.  He  was  elected 
Governor  in  1818;  was  beaten  for  Congress  in  1824  by  Daniel  P. 
Cook      He  died  at  Kaskaskia,  April  11,  1830. 

Edward  Coles — Was  born  Dec.  15,  1786,  in  Virginia.  His  father 
was  a  slave-holder;  gave  his  son  a  collegiate  education,  and  left  to 
him  a  large  number  of  slaves.  These  he  liberated,  giving  each 
head  of  a  family  160  acres  of  land  and  a  considerable  sum  of  money. 


158  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

He  was  President  Madison's  private  secretary.  He  came  to  Illinois 
in  1819,  was  elected  Governor  in  1S22,  on  the  anti-slaver j  ticket; 
moved  to  Philadelphia  in  1833,  and  died  in  1868. 

Ninian  Edwards. — In  1809,  on  the  formation  of  the  Territory  of 
Illinois,  Mr.  Edwards  was  appointed  Governor,  which  position  he 
retained  until  the  organization  of  the  State,  when  he  was  sent  to 
the  United  States  Senate.  Ho  was  elected  Governor  in  1826.  He 
was  a  native  of  Maryland  and  bora  in  1775;  received  a  collegiate 
education;  was  Chief  Justice  of  Kentucky,  and  a  Republican  in 
politics. 

John  Reynolds — AVas  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1788,  and  came 
with  his  j)arents  to  Illinois  in  1800,  and  in  1830  was  elected  Gov- 
ernor on  the  Democratic  ticket,  and  afterwards  served  three  terras 
in  Congress.  He  received  a  classical  education,  yet  was  not  polished. 
He  was  an  ultra  Democrat;  attended  the  Charleston  Conv^ention  in 
1860,  and  urged  the  seizure  of  United  States  arsenals  by  the 
South.     He  died  in  1865  at  Belleville,  childless. 

Josep/i  Duncan. — In  183i  Joseph  Duncan  was  elected  Governor 
by  the  Whigs,  although  formerly  a  Democrat.  He  had  previously 
served  four  terms  in  Congress.  He  was  born  in  Kentucky  in  1794; 
had  but  a  limited  education;  served  with  distinction  in  the  war  of 
1812;  conducted  the  campaign  of  1832  against  Black  Hawk.  He 
came  to  Illinois  when  quite  young. 

Thomas  Carlin — "Was  elected  as  a  Democrat  in  1838.  He  had 
but  a  meager  education;  held  many  minor  offices,  and  was  active 
both  in  the  war  of  1812  and  the  Black  Hawk  war.  He  was  born  in 
Kentucky  in  1789;  came  to  Illinois  in  1812,  and  died  at  Carrollton, 
Feb.  14,  1852. 

Thomas  Ford — Was  born  in  Pennsvlvania  in  the  year  1800;  was 
brought  by  his  widowed  mother  to  Missouri  in  1804,  and  shortly 
afterwards  to  Illinois.  He  received  a  good  education,  studied  law; 
was  elected  four  times  Judge,  twice  as  Circuit  Judge,  Judge  of 
Chicago  and  Judge  of  Supreme  Court.  He  was  elected  Governor 
by  the  Democratic  party  in  1842;  wrote  his  history  of  Illinois  in 
1847  and  died  in  1850. 

Augustus  C.  French — Was  born  in  New  Hampshire  in  1808; 
was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and  shortly  afterwards  moved  to 
Illinois  when  in  1846  he  was  elected  Governor.  On  tlie  adoption 
of  the  Constitution  of  1848  he  was  again  chosen,  serving  until  1853. 
He  was  a  Democrat  m  politics. 


HISTOKY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


159 


Joel  A.  Matteson — Was  born  in  Jefferson  county,  IT.  Y.,  in  1808. 
His  father  was  a  fanner,  and  gave  his  son  only  a  common  school 
education.  He  first  entered  upon  active  life  as  a  small  tradesman, 
but  subsequently  became  a  large  contractor  and  manufacturer.  He 
was  ^  heavy  contractor  in  building  the  Canal.  He  was  elected  Gov- 
ernor in  1853  upon  the  Democratic  ticket. 

William  H.  Bissell — Was  elected  by  the  Republican  party  in 
1856,  He  had  previously  served  two  terms  in  Congress;  was 
colonel  in  the  Mexican  war  and  has  held  minor  official  positions.  He 
was  born  in  J^ew  York  State  in  1811;  received  a  common  educa- 
tion; came  to  Illinois  early  in  life  and  engaged  in  the  medical  j)ro- 
fession.  This  he  changed  for  the  law  and  became  a  noted  orator, 
and  the  standard  bearer  of  the  Republican  party  in  Illinois.  He 
died  in  1860  while  Governor. 

Richard  ITates — "The  war  Governor  of  Illinois,"  was  born  in 
Warsaw,  Ky.,  in  1818;  came  to  Illinois  in  1831:  served  two  terms 
in  Congress;  in  1860  was  elected  Governor,  and  in  1865  United 
States  Senator.  He  was  a  college  graduate,  and  read  law  under  J.  J. 
Hardin.  He  rapidly  rose  in  his  chosen  profession  and  charmed  the 
people  with  oratory.  He  filled  the  gubernatorial  chair  during  the 
trying  days  of  the  Rebellion,  and  by  his  energy  and  devotion  won 
the  title  of  "  War  Governor."  He  became  addicted  to  strong  drink, 
and  died  a  drunkard. 

Richard  J.  Ogleshy — Was  born  in  1824,  in  Kentucky;  an  orphan 
at  the  age  of  eight,  came  to  Illinois  when  only  12  years  old.  He 
was  apprenticed  to  learn  the  carpenter's  trade;  worked  some  at 
farming  and  read  law  occasionally.  He  enlisted  in  the  Mexican 
War  and  was  chosen  First  Lieutenant.  After  his  return  he  again 
took  up  the  law,  bufe  during  the  gold  fever  of  1819  went  to  Califor- 
nia; soon  returned,  and,  in  1852,  entered  upon  his  illustrious 
political  career.  He  raised  the  second  regiment  in  the  State,  to 
suppress  the  Rebellion,  and  for  gallantry  was  promoted  to  Major 
General.  In  1864  he  was  elected  Governor,  and  re-elected  in  1872, 
and  resigned  for  a  seat  in  the  United  States  Senate.  He  is  a  staunch 
Republican  and  resides  at  Decatur. 

Shelby  M.  Cullom — Was  born  in  Kentucky  in  1828;  studied 
law,  was  admitted  to  the  bar,  and  commenced  the  practice  of  his 
profession  in  1848;  was  elected  to  the  State  Legislature  in  1856, 
and  again  in  1860.     Served  on  the  war  commission  at  Cairo,  1862, 


10  '  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

and  was  a  member  of  the  39th,  40th  and  41st  Congress,  in  all  of  which 
he  served  with  credit  to  his  State.  He  was  again  elected  to  the 
State  Legislature  in  1872,  asd  re-elected  in  1874,  and  was  elected 
Governor  of  Illinois  in  1876,  which  office  he  still  holds,  and  has 
administered  with  marked  ability.  , 

LIEUTENANT   GOVEKNOES. 

Pierre  Menard — Was  the  first  Lieut.  Gov.  of  Illinois.  He  was 
born  in  Quebec,  Canada,  in  1767.  He  came  to  Illinois  in  1790 
where  he  engaged  in  the  Indian  trade  and  became  wealthy.  He 
died  in  1844.     Menard  county  was  named  in  his  honor. 

Adolphus  F .  Hiibbard — Was  elected  Lieut.  Gov.  in  1822.  Four 
years   later  he  ran  for  Governor  against  Edwards,  but  was  beaten. 

William  Kinney — Was  elected  in  1826.  He  was  a  Baptist 
clergyman;  was  born  in  Kentucky  in  1781  and  came  to  Illinois  in 
1793. 

Zadock  Casey — Although  on  the  opposition  ticket  to  Governor 
Reynolds,  the  successful  Gubernatorial  candidate,  yet  Casey  was 
elected  Lieut.  Gov.  in  1830.  He  subsequently  served  several  terms 
in  Congress. 

Alexander  M.  Jenkins — Was  elected  on  ticket  with  Gov.  Duncan 
in  1834  by  a  handsome  majority. 

S.  H.  Anderson — Lieut.  Gov.  under  Gov.  Cariin,  was  chosen  in 
1838.     He  was  a  native  of  Tennessee. 

John  Moore — Was  born  in  England  in  1793;  came  to  Illinois  in 
1830;  was  elected  Lieut.  Gov.  in  1842.  He  won  the  name  of 
"  Honest  John  Moore." 

Joseph  B.  Wells — Was  chosen  with  Gov.  French  at  his  first 
election  m  1846. 

William  McMurtry. — In  1848  when  Gov.  French  was  again 
chosen  Governor,  William  McMurtry  of  Knox  county,  was  elected 
Lieut.  Governor. 

Gustavus  P.  Koerner — Was  elected  in  1852.  He  was  born  in 
Germany  in  1809.  At  the  age  of  22  came  to  Illinois.  In  1872  he 
was  a  candidate  for  Governor  on  Liberal  ticket,  but  was  defeated. 

John  Wood — Was  elected  in  1856,  and  on  the  death  of  Gov, 
Bissell  became  Governor. 

Francis  A.  Hoffman — Was  chosen  with  Gov.  Yates  in  1860. 
He  was  born  in  Prussia  in  1822,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1840. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


161 


William  Bross — "Was  born  in  New  Jersey,  came  to  Illinois  in 
1848,  was  elected  to  office  in  1864. 

John  Dougherty — Was  elected  in  1868. 

John  L.  Beveredge — Was  chosen  Lieut.  Gov.  in  1872.  In  1873 
Oglesbj  was  elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate  when  Beveridge  became 
Governor. 

Andrew  Shuman — Was  elected  Nov.  7,  1876,  and  is  the  present 
incumbent. 


SUPERINTENDENT   OF   PUBLIC   INSTRUCTION. 


Ninian  W.  Edwards 1854-56 

W.  H.  Powell 1857-58 


Newton  Batemaa 1859-75 

Samuel  M.  Etter 1876 


ATTORNEY  GENERALS. 


Daniel  P.  Cook 1819 

William  Hears 1820 

Samuel  D.  Lockwood 1821-22 

James  Turney 1823-28 

George  Forquer 1829-32 

James  Semple , 1833-34 

Ninian  E.  Edwards 1834-35 

Jesse  B.  Thomas,  Jr 1835 

Walter  B.  Scales 1836 

Asher  F.  Linder 1837 


Geo.  W.  Olney 1838 

Wickliffe  Kitchell 1839 

Josiali  Lamborn 1841-42 

James  A.  McDougall 1843-46 

David  B.  Campbell 1846 

[Office  abolished  and  re-created  in  1867] 

Robert  G.  Ingersoll 1867-68 

Washington  Bushnell 1869-72 

James  K.  Edsall 1873-79 


TREASURERS. 


John  Thomas '. . .  .1818-19 

R.  K.  McLaughlin 1819-22 

Ebner  Field 1823-26 

James  Hall 18'27-30 

John  Dement 1831-36 

Charles  Gregory 1836 

John  D.  Whiteside 1837-40 

M.  Carpenter 1841-48 

John  Moore 1848-56 


James  Miller 1857-60 

William  Butler 1861-62 

Alexander  Starne 1863-64 

James  H.  Beveridge 1865-66 

George  W.  Smith 1867-68 

Erastus  N.  Bates 1869-72 

Edward  Rutz  1873-75 

Thomas  S.  Ridgeway 1876-77 

Edward  Rutz 1878-79 


SECRETARIES  OP   STATE. 


Elias  K.  Kane 1818-22 

Samuel  D.  Lockwood 1822-23 

David  Blackwell  1823-24 

Morris  Birkbeck 1824 

George  Forquer 1825-28 

Alexander  P.  Field 1829-40 

Stephen  A.  Douglas 1840 

Lyman  Trumbull 1841-42 


Thompson  Campbell 1843-46 

Horace  S.  Cooley 1846-49 

David  L.  Gregg 1850-52 

Alexander  Starne 1853-56 

Ozias  M.  Hatch 1857-60 

Sharon  Tyndale 1865-68 

Edward  Rummel 1869-72 

George  H.  Harlow 1873-79 


162  HISTOKV    OF    ILLINOIS. 

AUDITORS. 

Elijah  C.  Berry 1818-31      Thompson  Campbell 1846 

I.  T.  B.  Stapp 1831-35      Jesse  K.  Dubois 1857-64 

Levi  Davis 1835-40      Orlin  H.  Miner 1865-68 

James  Shields 1841-43  '   Charles  E.  Lippencott 1869-76 

\V.  L.  D.  Evving 1843-45      Thompson  B.  Needles 1877-79 


UNITED    STATES    SENATORS. 

Ninian  Edwards. — On  the  organization  of  the  State  in  181S, 
Edwards,  the  popular  Territorial  Governor,  was  chosen  Senator  for 
the  short  term,  and  in  1819  re-elected  for  full  terra, 

Jesse  B.  Thomas — One  of  the  federal  judges  during  the  entire 
Territorial  existence  was  chosen  Senator  on    organization    of  the 
.  State,  and  re-elected  in  1S23,  and  served  till  1829. 

John  McLean — In  1824  Edwards  resigned,  and  McLean  was 
elected  to  fill  his  unexpired  term.  He  was  born  in  North  Carolina 
in  1791,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1815;  served  one  term  in  Congress, 
and  in  1829  was  elected  to  the  IT.  S.  Senate,  but  the  following  year 
died.  He  is  said  to  have  been  the  most  gifted  man  of  his  period  in 
Illinois. 

Elias  Kent  Kane — Was  elected  Nov.  30,  1824,  for  the  term  be- 
ginning March  4,  1825.  In  1830  he  was  re-elected,  but  died  before 
the  expiration  of  his  term.  He  was  a  native  of  New  York,  and  in 
1814  came  to  Illinois.  He  was  first  Secretarv  of  State,  and  after- 
wards  State  Senator. 

David  Jewett  Baker — Was  appointed  to  fill  the  unexpired  term 
of  John  McLean,  in  1830,  Nov.  12,  but  the  Legislature  refused  to 
endorse  the  choice.  Baker  was  a  native  of  Connecticut,  born  in 
1792,  and  died  in  Alton  in  1869. 

John  M.  Robinson. — Instead  of  Baker,  the  Governor's  appointee, 
the  Legislature  chose  Robinson,  and  in  1^34  lie  was  re-elected.  In 
1843  was  elected  Supreme  Judge  of  the  State,  but  within  two 
months  died.  He  was  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  came  to  Illinois 
while  quite  young. 

William  L.  D.  Ewing — Was  elected  in  1835,  to  fill  the  vacancy 
occasioned  by  the  death  of  Kane.     He  was  a  Kentuckian. 

Richard  M.  Yovng — Was  elected  in  1836,  and  held  his  seat 
from  March  4,  1837,  to  March  4,  1843,  a  full  term.     He  was  a 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  163 

native  of  Kentucky;  was  Circuit  Judge  before  his  election  to  the 
Senate,  and  Supreme  Judge  in  1842.  He  died  in  an  insane  asyhim 
at  Washington. 

Samuel  Mc Roberts — The  first  native  Illinoisian  ever  elevated  to 
the  high  office  of  U.  S.  Senator  from  this  State,  was  born  in  1799, 
and  died  in  1843  on  his  return  home  from  Wasliington.  Pie  was 
elected  Circuit  Judge  in  1824,  and  March  4,  1841,  took  his  seat  in 
the  IT.  S.  Senate. 

Sidney  Breese — Was  elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate,  Dec.  17,  1842, 
and  served  a  full  term.  He  was  born  in  Oneida  county,  N.  Y. 
He  was  Major  in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  Circuit  Judge,  and  in  1841 
was  elected  Supreme  Judge.  He  served  a  full  term  in  the  TJ.  S. 
Senate,  beginning  March  4,  1843,  after  which  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature,  again  Circuit  Judge,  and,  in  1857,  to  the  Supreme 
Court,  which  position  he  held  until  his  death  in  1878. 

James  Semjjle — Was  the  successor  of  Samuel  McRoberts,  and" 
was  appointed  by  Gov.  Ford  in  1843.  He  was  afterwards  elected 
Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court. 

Stephen  A.  Douglas — Was  elected  Dec.  14,  1846.  He  had  pre- 
viously served  three  terms  as  Congressman.  He  became  his  own 
successor  in  1853  and  ao^ain  in  1859.  From  his  first  entrance  in  the 
Senate  he  was  acknowledged  the  peer  of  Clay,  Webster  and  Cal- 
houn, with  whom  he  served  liis  first  term.  His  famous  contest 
with  Abraham  Lincoln  for  the  Senate  in  1858  is  the  most  memor- 
able in  the  annals  of  our  country.  It  was  called  the  battle  of  the 
giants,  and  resulted  in  Douglas'  election  to  the  Senate,  and  Lincoln 
to  the  Presidency.  He  was  born  in  Brandon,  Vermont,  April  23, 
1813,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1833,  and  died  in  1861.  He  was 
appointed  Secretary  of  State  by  Gov.  Carlin  in  1840,  and  shortly 
afterward  to  the  Supreme  Bench. 

James  Shields — Was  elected  and  assumed  his  seat  in  the  U.  S. 
Senate' in  1849,  March  4.  He  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1810,  came 
to  the  United  States  in  1827.  He  served  in  the  Mexican  army,  was 
elected  Senator  from  Wisconsin,  and  in  1879  from  Missouri  for  a 
short  term. 

Ijyuian  Trumhull — Took  his  seat  in  the  (J.  S.  Senate  March  4, 
1855,  and  became  his  own  successor  in  1861.  He  had  previously 
served  one  term  in  the  Lower  House  of  Congress,  and  served  on 
the  Supreme  Bench.     He  was  born  in   Connecticut;   studied  law 


164  HISTORY   OF    ILLraOTS. 

and  came  to  Illinois  early  in  life,  where  for  years  he  was  actively 
engaged  in  politics.     He  resides  in  Chicago. 

Orvill  H.  Browning — Was  appointed  U.  S.  Senator  in  1861,  to 
fill  the  seat  made  vacant  by  the  death  of  Stephen  A,  Douglas,  until 
a  Senator  could  be  regularly  elected.  Mr.  Browning  was  born  in 
Harrison  county,  Kentucky;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  in  1831,  and 
settled  in  Quincy,  Illinois,  where  he  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law, 
and  was  instrumental,  with  his  friend,  Abraham  Lincoln,  in  form- 
ing the  Republican  party  of  Illinois  at  the  Bloomington  Conven- 
tion. He  entered  Johnson's  cabinet  as  Secretary  of  the  Interior, 
and  in  March,  1868,  was  designated  by  the  President  to  perform  the 
duties  of  Attorney  General,  in  addition  to  his  own,  as  Secretary  of 
the  Interior  Department. 

William  A.  Richardson — Was  elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate  in 
1863,  to  fill  the  unexpired  term  of  his  friend,  Stephen  A  Douglas. 
He  was  born  in  Fayette  county,  Ky.,  about  1810,  studied  law, 
and  settled  in  Illinois;  served  as  captain  in  the  Mexican  War,  and, 
on  the  battle-field  of  Buena  Vista,  was  promoted  for  bravery,  by  a 
unanimous  vote  of  his  regiment.  He  served  in  the  Lower  House 
of  Congress  from  1847  to  1856,  continually. 

Richard  Yates — Was  elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate  in  1865,  serv- 
ing a  full  term  of  six  years.  He  died  in  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  Nov.  27, 
1873. 

John  A.  Logan — Was  elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate  in  1871.  He 
was  born  in  Jackson  county,  111.,  Feb.  9,  1826,  received  a  common  \ 
school  education,  and  enlisted  as  a  private  in  the  Mexican  War, 
where  he  rose  to  the  rank  of  Regimental  Quartermaster.  On 
returning  home  he  studied  law,  and  came  to  the  bar  in  1852;  was 
elected  in  1858  a  Representative  to  the  36th  Congress  and  re-elected 
to  the  37th  Congress,  resigning  in  1861  to  take  part  in  the  sup- 
pression of  the  Rebellion;  served  as  Colonel  and  subsequently  as  a 
Major  General,  and  commanded,  with  distinction,  the  armies  of 
the  Tennessee.  He  was  again  elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate  in  1879 
for  six  years. 

David  Davis — Was  elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate  in  1877  for  a  term 
of  six  years.  He  was  born  in  Cecil  county,  Md.,  March  9,  1815, 
graduated  at  Kenyon  College,  Ohio,  studied  law,  and  removed  to 
Illinois  in  1835;  was  admitted  to  the  bar  and  settled  in  Bloominj?- 
ton,  where  he  has  since  resided  and  amassed  a  large  fortune.     He 

\ 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  165 

was  for  many  years  the  intimate  friend  and  associate  of  Abraham 
Lincoln,  rode  the  circuit  with  him  each  year,  and  after  Lincohi's 
election  to  the  Presidency,  was  appointed  by  him  to  fill  the  position 
of  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court  of  the  United  States. 

REPRESENTATIVES  IN  CONGRESS. 

FIFTEENTH  CONGRESS.  NINETEENTH    CONGRESS. 

John  McLean 1818     Daniel  P.  Cook 1825-26 

SIXTEENTH   CONGRESS.  TWENTIETH  CONGRESS. 

Daniel  P.  Cook 1819-20     Joseph  Duncan 1827-28 

SEVENTEENTH  CONGRESS.  TWENTY-FIRST    CONGRESS. 

Daniel  P.  Conk 1821-22     Joseph  Duncan 1829-30 

EIGHTEENTH    CONGRESS.  TWENTY-SECOND  CONGRESS. 

Daniel  P.  Cook 1823-24     Joseph  Duncan 1831-32 

TWENTY-THIRD    CONGRESS. 

Joseph  Duncan 1833-34     Zadock  Casey 1833-34 

TWENTY-FOURTH    CONGRESS. 

Zadock  Casey 1835-36     William  L.  May 1835-36 

John  Reynolds 1835-36 

TWENTY-FIFTH    CONGRESS. 

Zadock  Casey 1837-38     William  L.  May 1837-38 

John  Reynolds 1837-38 

,  TWENTY-SIXTH    CONGRESS. 

Zadock  Casey.. . , 1839-40     John  T.  Stuart 1839-40 

John  Reynolds 1839-40 

TWENTY-SEVENTH    CONGRESS. 

Zadock  Casey 1841-42     John  T.  Stuart 1841-42 

John  Reynolds 1841^2 

TWENTY-EIGHTH   CONGRESS. 

Robert  Smith 1843-44  Joseph  P.  Hoge 1843-44 

Orlando  B.  Finklin 1843-44  John  J.  Hardin 1843-44 

Stephen  A.  Douglas 1843-44  John  Wentworth 1843-44 

John  A.  McClernand 1843-44 

TWENTY-NINTH  CONGRESS. 

Robert  Smith 1845-46  Joseph  P.  Hoge 1845-46 

Stephen  A.  Douglas 1845-4G  John  A.  McClernand 1845-46 

Orlando  B.  Finklin 1845-46  John  Wentworth 1845-46 

John  J.  Hardin 1845 

THIRTIETH    CONGRESS. 

John  Wentworth 1847-48  Orlando  B.  Finklin 1847-48 

Thomas  J.  Turner 1847  Robert  Smith 1847-48 

Abraham  Lincoln. 1847-48  William  A.  Richardson 1847-48 

John  A.  McClernand 1847-48 


]6A  llISTORr   Oti"    iLLlKOI&» 

THrRTT-FIRST    CONGRESS. 

John  A.  McCiernand 1849-50      Edward  D.  Baker 1849-50 

John  Wentworth 1849-50      William  H.  Bissell 1849-50 

Timothy  R.  Young 1849-50     Thomas  L.  Harris 1849 

William  A.  Richardson 1849-50 

THIRTY-SECOND    CONGRESS. 

William  A.  Richardson 1851-52  Richard  Yates  1851-52 

Thompson  Campbell 1851-52  Richard  S.  Maloney 1851-52 

Orlando  B.  Finkliu 1851-52 Willis 1851-52 

John  Wentworth 1851-52  William  H.  Bissell 1851-52 

THIRT'^'-THIRD    CONGRESS. 

William  H.  Bissell 1853-54     Thompson  Campbell 1853-54 

John  C.  Allen 1853-54  ^^-James  Knox 1853-54 

Willis 1853-54  '  Jesse  O.  Norton 1853-54 

Elihu  B.  Washburne. 1853-54     William  A.  Richardson 1863-54 

Richard  Yates 1853-54 

THIRTY-FOXniTH    CONGRESS 

Elihu  B.  Washburne 1855-56  Samuel  S.  Marshall 1855-56 

Lyman  Trumbull 1855-56  J.  L.  D.  Morrison.. 1855-56 

James  H.  Wood  worth 1855-56  John  C.  Allen 1855—56 

James  Knox •  .  1855-56  Jesse  O.  Xorton 1855-56 

Thompson  Campbell 1855-56  William  A.  Richardson 1855-56 

THIRTY-FIFTH    CONGRESS. 

Elihu  B.  Washburne 1857-58  Samuel  S.  Marshall 1857-58 

Charles  D.  Hodges 1857-58  Isaac  N.  Morris 1857-58 

William  Kellogg 1857-58  Aaron  Shaw 1857-58 

Thompson  Campbell 1857-58  Robert  Smith 1857-58 

John  F.  Farnsworth 1857-58  Thomas  L.  Harris 1857-58 

Owen  Lovejoy 1857-58 

THIRTY-SIXTH    CONGRESS. 

Elihu  B.  Washburne 1859-60  John  F.  Farnsworth 1859-60 

John  A.Logan 1859-60  Philip  B.  Fouke 1859-60 

Owen  Lovejoy 1859-60  Thomas  L.  Harris 1859-60 

John  A.  McCiernand ia59-60  William  Kellogg 1859-60 

Isaac  N  Morris 1859-60  James  C.  Robinson 1859-60 

THIRTY-SEVENTH    CONGRESS. 

Elihu  B.  Washburne 1861-62  Isaac  X.  Arnold 1861-62 

James  C.  Robinson 1861-62  Philip  B.  Fouke 1861-62 

John  A.  Logan 1861-62  William  Kellogg 1861-62 

Owen  Lovejoy 1861-62  Anthony  L.  Knapp 1861-62 

John  A.  McCiernand 1861-62  Williaui  A.  Richardson 1861-62 

THIRTY-EIGHTH    CONGRESS. 

Elihu  B.  Washburne 1863-64     William  J.  Allen 1863-64 

Jesse  O.  Norton 1863-64      Isaac  N.  Arnold 1863-64 

.James  C.  Robinson 1863-64     John  R.  Eden 1863-64 


CENTRAL  HOSPITAL  FOR  THE  INSANE,  JACKSONVILLE. 


> 


ILLIXOIS.INDUSTRIAL  rNIVERSITY,  CHAMPAIGN-FOUNDED  BY^TIIE  STATE 

ENDOWED    BY   CONGRESS. 


UBRARY 
OF  THE 

■'^fVE^biTY   OF   ILliNOIS 


History  of  Illinois. 


169 


Lewis  W.  Ross 1863-64 

John  T.  Stuart 1863-64 

Owen  Lovejoy 1863-64 

William  R.  Morrison 1863-64 

John  C.  Allen 1863-64 


John  F.  Farnsworth 1863-64 

Charles  W.  Morris 1863-64 

Eben  C.  Ingersoll 1863-64 

Anthony  L.  Klnapp 1863-64 


THIRTY-NINTH    CONGRESS. 


Elihu  B.  Washburne 1865-66 

Anthony  B.  Thornton 1865-66 

John  Wentworth 1865-66 

Abner  C.  Hardin 1865-66 

Eben  C.  Ingersoll 1865-66 

Barton  C.  Cook 1865-66 

Shelby  M.  Cullom 1865-66 


John  F.  Farnsworth 1865-66 

Jehu  Baker 1865-66 

Henry  P.  H.  Bromwell 1865-66 

Andrew  Z.  Kuykandall 1865-66 

Samuel  S.  Marshall 1865-66 

Samuel  W.  Moulton 1865-66 

Lewis  W.  Ross 1865-66 


FORTIETH   CONGRESS. 


Elihu  B.  Washburne 1867-68 

Abner  C.  Hardin .1867-68 

Eben  C.  Ingersoll 1867-68 

Norman  B.  Judd 1867-68 

Albert  G.  Burr 1867-68 

Burton  C.  Cook 1867-68 


John  F.  Farnsworth 1867-68 

Jehu  Baker 1867-68 

Henry  P.  H.  Bromwell 1867-68 

John  A  Logan 1867-68 

Samuel  S.  Marshall 1867-68 

Green  B.  Raum 1867-63 


Shelby  M.  Oullom 1867-68    ,  Le^is  W.  Ross 1867-68 

FORTY-FIRST  ;  CONGRESS. 


Norman  B.  Judd 1869-70 

John  F.  Farnsworth 1869-70 

H.  C.  Burchard 1869-70 

John  B.  Hawley 1869-70 

Eben  C.  Ingersoll 1869-70 

Burton  C.  Cook 1869-70 

Jesse  H.  Moore 1869-70 


Shelby-  M.  Cullom 1869-70 

Thomas  W.  McNeely 1869-70 

Albert  G.  Burr 1869-70 

Samuel  S.  Marshall 1869-70 

John  B.  Hay 1869-70 

John  M.  Crebs 1869-70 

John  A.  Logan .1869-70 


FORTY-SECOND  CONGRESS. 

Charles  B.  Farwell ' 1871-72 

John  F.  Farnsworth :i871-73 

Horatio  C.  Burchard 1871-72 

John  B.  Hawley 1871-72 

Bradford  N.  Stevens 1871-72 

Henry  Snapp 1871-72 

Jesse  H.  Moore 1871-72 


James  C  Robinson 1871-72 

Thomas  W.  McNeely 1871-72 

Edward  Y.  Rice 1871-72 

Samuel  S.  Marshall 1871-72 

John  B.  Hay 1871-72 

John  M.  Crebs .• 1871-72 


John  S.  Beveredge 1 871-73 


FORTY-TUIRD    CONGRESS. 


John  B.  Rice 1873-74 

Jasper  D.  Ward 1873-74 

Charles  B.  Farwell 1873-74 

Stephen  A.  Hurlbut 1873-74 

Horatio  C.  Burchard 1873-74 

John  B.  Hawlej^ 1873-74 


Robert  M.  Knapp 1873-74 

James  C.  Robinson 1873-74 

John  B.  McNulta 1873-74 

.Joseph  G.  Cannon 1873-74 

John  R.  Eden .1873-74 

James  S.  Martin 1873-74 


Franklin  Corwin 1873-74     William  R.  Morrison 1873-74 


1^0 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 


Greenbury  L.  Fort .1873-74 

Granville  Barrere l8'<'3-74 

William  H.  Ray 1873-74 


Isaac  Clements 1873-74 

Samuel  S.  Marshall 1873-74 


FORTY-FOCRTH    CONGRESS. 


Bernard  G.  Caulfield 1875-76 

Carter  H.  Harrison 1875-76 

Charles  B.  Farwell 1875-76 

Stephen  A.  Hurlbut 1875-76 

Horatio  C.  Burchard 1875-76 

Thomas  J.  Henderson 1875-76 

Alexander  Campbell 1875-76 

Greenbury  L.  Fort 1875-76 

Richard  H.  Whiting 1875-76 

John  C.  Bagby . . . .  .^ 1875-76 

FORTY-FIFTH 

William  Aldrich 1877-78 

Carter  H.  Harrison 1877-78 

Lorenzo  Brentano 1877-78 

William  Lathrop 1877-78 

Horatio  C.  Burchard 1877-78 

Thomas  J.  Henderson 1877-78 

Philip  C  Hayes 1877-78 

Greenbury  L.  Fort 1877-78 

Thomas  A.  Boyd 1877-78 

Benjamin  F.  Marsh 1877-78 

FORTY-SIXTH   CONGRESS. 


Scott  Wike ,....1875 

William  M.  Springer 1875 

Adlai  E.  Stevenson 1875 

Joseph  G.  Cannon 1875 

John  R.  Eden 1875 

W.  A.  J.  Sparks 1875 

William  R.  Morrison 1875 

William  Hartzell 1875 

William  B.  Anderson 1875 

CONGRESS. 

Robert  M.  Knapp 1877- 

William  M.  Springer 1877- 

Thomas  F.  Tipton 1877- 

Joseph  G.  Cannon 1877- 

John  R.  Eden 1877- 

W.  A.  J.  Sparks 1877- 

William  R.  Morrison 1877- 

William  Hartzell 1877- 

Richard  W.  Townshend 1877 


-76 
76 
76 
-76 
-76 
76 
76 
76 
76 


-78 

-78 

-78 

-78 

■78 

-78 

-78 

-78 

-78 


William  Aldrich 1879-80 

George  R.  Davis 1879-80 

Hiram  Barber 1879-80 

John  C.  Sherwin 1879-80 

R.  M.  A.  Hawk 1879-80 

Thomas  J.  Henderson 1879-80 

Philip  C.  Hayes 1879-80 

Greenbury  L.  Fort 1879-80 

Thomas  A.  Boyd 1879-80 

Benjamin  F.  Marsh 1879-80 


James  W.  Singleton 1879-80 

William  M.  Springer 1879-80 

A.  E.  Stevenson 1879-80 

Joseph  G.  Cannon 1879-80 

Albert  P.  Forsythe 1879-80 

W.  A.  J.  Sparks 1879-80 

William  R.  IMorrison 1879-80 

John  R.  Thomas 1879-80 

R.  W.  Townshend 1879-80 


CHICAGO. 

While  we  cannot,  in  tlie  brief  space  we  have,  give  more  than  a 
ineaircr  sketch  of  such  a  city  as  Chicago,  yet  we  feel  the  historj  of 
tlic  State  would  be  incomplete  without  speaking  of  it>  metropolis, 
the  most  wonderful  city  on  the  globe. 

In  comparing  Chicago  as  it  was  a  few  years  since  with  Chicago 
of  to-dav,  we  behold  a  change  whose  veritable  existence  we  should 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  171 

be  inclined  to  doubt  were  it  not  a  stern,  indisputable  fact.  Kapid 
as  is  the  customary  development  of  places  and  things  in  the  United 
States,  the  growth  of  Chicago  and  her  trade  stands  without  a  parallel. 
The  city  is  situated  on  the  west  shore  of  Lake  Michigan  at  the 
mouth  of  the  Chicago  river.  It  lies  14  feet  above  the  lake,  having 
been  raised  to  that  grade  entirely  by  the  energy  of  its  citizens,  its 
site  having  originally  been  on  a  dead  level  with  the  water  of  the 
lake. 

The  citj'-  extends  north  and  south  along  the  lake  about  ten  miles, 
and  westward  on  the  praii-ie  from  the  lake  five  or  six  miles,  embrac- 
ing an  area  of  over  40  square  miles.  It  is  divided  by  the  river 
into  three  distinct  parts,  known  as  the  North,  West  and  South 
Divisions,  or  "Sides,"  by  vvliich  they  are  popularly  and  commonly 
known..     These  are  connected  by  33  bridges  and  two  tunnels. 

The  first  settlement  of  Chicago  was  made  in  1804,  during  which 
year  Fort  Dearborn  was  lni.ilt.  At  the  close  of  1830  Chicago  con- 
tained 12  houses,  with  a  population  of  about  100.  The  town  was 
organized  in  1833,  and  incorporated  as  a- city  in  1837.  The  first 
frame  building  was  erected  in  18o2,  and  the  first  brick  house  in 
1833.  The  first  vessel  entered  the  harbor  June  11,  1834;  and  at 
the  first  official  census,  taken  July  1,  1837,  the  entire  population 
was  found  to  be  4,170.  In  1850  the  population  had  increased  to 
29,963;  in  1860,  to  112,172;  in  1870,  298,977;  and,  according  to 
the  customary  mode  of  reckoning  from  the  number  of  names  in 
the  City  Directory,  the  population  of  1879  is  over  500,000. 

Nicholas  Perrot,  a  Frenchman,  was  the  first  white  man  to  visit 
the  site  of  Chicago.  This  he  did  in  1671,  at  the  instigation  of  M. 
Toulon,  Governor  of  Canada.  He  was  sent  to  invite  the  Western 
Indians  to  a  convention  at  Green  Bay.  It  has  been  often  remarked 
that  the  first  white  man  who  became  a  resident  of  Chicago  was  a 
negro.  His  name  was  Jean  Baptiste  Pointe  an  Sable,  a  mulatto  from 
the  West  Indies.  He  settled  there  in  1796  and  built  a  rude  cabin  on 
the  north  bank  of  the  main  river,  and  laid  claim  to  a  tract  of  land 
surrounding  it.  He  disappeared  from  the  scene,  and  his  claim  was 
"jumped"  by  a  Frenchman  named  Le  Mai,  who  commenced  trad- 
ing with  the  Indians.  A  few  years  later  he  sold  out  to  John  Kin- 
zie,  who  was  then  an  Indian  trader  in  the  country  about  St. 
Joseph,  Mich.,  and  agent  for  tlic  American  Fur  Company,  which 
had  traded  at  Chicago  with  the  Indians  for  some  time;   and  this 


172  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

fact  had,  probably  more  than  any  other,  to  do  with  the  determina- 
tion of  the  Government  to  establish  a  fort  there.  The  Indians 
were  growing  numerous  in  that  region,  being  attracted  by  the 
facilities  for  selling  their  wares,  as  well  as  being  pressed  northward 
b}'  the  tide  of  emigration  setting  in  from  the  south.  It  was  judged 
necessary  to  have  some  force  near  that  point  to  keep  them  in 
check,  as  well  as  to  protect  the  trading  interests.  Mr.  Kinzie 
moved  his  family  there  the  same  year  Fort  Dearborn  was  built 
and  converted  the  Jean  Baptiste  cabin  into  a  tasteful  dwelling. 

For  about  eight  years  things  moved  along  smoothly.  The  garri- 
son was  quiet,  and  the  traders  prosperous.  Then  the  United  States 
became  involved  in  trouble  with  Great  Britain.  The  Indians  took 
the  war-path  long  before  the  declaration  of  hostilities  between  the 
civilized  nations,  committing  great  depredations,  the  most  atro- 
cious of  which  was  the  massacre  of  Fort  Dearborn,  an  account  of 
which  may  be  found  in  this  volume  \inder  the  heading  of  "The 
War  of  1812." 

THE    GREAT    FIRE. 

From  the  year  1840  the  onward  march  of  the  city  of  Chicago 
to  the  date  of  the  great  fire  is  well  known.  To  recount  its  marvel- 
ous growth  in  population,  wealth,  internal  resources  and  improve- 
ments and  everything  else  that  goes  to  make  up  a  mighty  city, 
would  consume  more  space  than  we  could  devote,  however  interest- 
ing it  might  be.  Its  progress  astonished  the  world,  and  its  citizens 
stood  almost  appalled  at  the  work  of  their  own  hands.  She  was 
happy,  prosperous  and  great  when  time  brought  that  terrible  Octo- 
ber night  (Oct.  9,  1871)  and  with  it  the  great  fire,  memorable  as 
the  greatest  fire  ever  occurring  on  earth.  The  sensation  conveyed 
to  the  spectator  of  this  unparalleled  event,  either  through  the  eye, 
the  ear,  or  other  senses  or  sympathies,  cannot  be  adequately 
described,  and  any  attempt  to  do  it  but  shows  the  poverty  of  lan- 
guage. As  a  spectacle  it  was  beyond  doubt  the  grandest  as  \yell  as 
the  most  appalling  ever  oftered  to  mortal  eyes.  From  any 
elevated  standpoint  the  appearance  was  that  of  a  vast  ocean  of 
flame,  sweeping  in  mile-long  billows  and  breakers  over  the  doomed 
city. 

Added  to  the  spectacular  elements  of  the  conflagration — the 
intense  and  lurid  light,  the  sea  of  red.  and  black,  and  the  spires  and 
pyramids  of  flame  shooting  into  the  heavens — was  its  constant  and 


HISTORY    OF   ILLINOIS.  173 

terrible  roar,  drowning  even  the  voices  of  the  shrieking  multitude; 
and  ever  and  anon — for  a  while  as  often  as  every  half-minute — 
resounded  far  and  wide  the  rapid  detonations  of  explosions,  or  fall- 
ing walls.  In  short,  all  sights  and  sounds  which  terrify  the  weak 
and  unnerve  the  stron-;  abounded.  But  they  were  only  the  accom- 
paniment which  tlic  orchestra  of  nature  were  furnishing  to  the 
terrible  tragedy  there  being  enacted. 

The  total  area  bur.;ed  over,  including  streets,  was  three  and  a 
third  square  miles.  The  number  of  buildings  destroyed  was 
17,450;  persons  rendered  homeless,  98,500;  persons  killed,  about 
200.  Not  including  depreciation  of  real  estate,  or  loss  of  business, 
it  is  estimated  that  the  total  loss  occasioned  by  the  fire  was 
$190,000,000,  of  which  but  $44,000,000  was  recovered  on  insur- 
ance. The  business  of  the  city  was  interrupted  but  a  short  time; 
and  in  a  year  after  the  fire  a  large  part  of  the  burned  district  was 
rebuilt,  and  at  present  there  is  scarcely  a  trace  of  the  terrible  dis- 
aster, save  in  the  improved  character  of  the  new  buildings  over 
those  destroyed,  and  the  general  better  appearance  of  the  city — 
now  the  finest,  in  an  architectural  sense,  in  the  world. 

One  of  the  features  of  this  great  city  worthy  of  mention  is  the 
Exposition,  held  annually.  The  smouldering  ruins  were  yet  smok- 
ing when  the  Exposition  Building  was  erected,  only  ninety  days 
being  consumed  in  its  construction.  The  accompanying  engrav- 
ing of  the  building,  the  main  part  of  which  is  1,000  feet  long, 
will  give  an  idea  of  its  magnitude. 

COMMERCE   OF   CHICAGO. 

The  trade  of  Chicago  is  co-extensive  with  the  world.  Every- 
where, in  every  country  and  in  every  port,  the  trade- marks  of  her 
merchants  are  seen.  Everywhere,  Chicago  stands  prominently 
identified  with  the  commerce  of  the  continent.  A  few  years  ago, 
grain  was  carted  to  the  place  in  wagons;  now  more  than  10,000 
miles  of  railroad,  with  thousands  of  trains  heavily  ladened  with  the 
products  of  the  land  center  there.  The  cash  value  of  the  produce 
handled  during  the  year  187S  was  $220,000,000,  and  its  aggregate 
weight  was  7,000,000  tons,  or  would  make  700,000  car  loads. 
Divided  into  trains,  it  would  make  28,000  long,  heavily  ladened 
freight  trains,  wending  their  way  from  all  parts  of  the  United  States 
toward  our  great  metropolis.     These  trains,  arranged  in  one  con- 


174  HISTOKV    OK    ILLINOIS. 

tinuous  line,  would  stretch  from  London  across  the  broad  Atlantic 
to  New  York  and  on  across  our  continent  to  San  Francisco. 

In  regard  to  the  grain,  lumber  and  stock  trade,  Chicago  has  sur- 
passed all  rivals,  and,  indeed,  not  only  is  without  a  peer  but  excels 
any  three  or  four  cities  in  the  world  in.  these  branches.  Of  grain, 
the  vast  quantity  of  134,851,193  bushels  was  received  during  the 
year  18TS.  This  was  about  two-fifths  more  than  ever  received 
before  in  one  year.  It  took  13,000  long  freight  trains  to  carry  it 
from  the  fields  of  the  Northwest  to  Chicago.  This  would  make  a 
continuous  train  that  would  reach  across  the  continent  from  New  . 
York  to  San  Francisco.  Speaking  more  in  detail,  we  have  of  the 
various  cereals  received  during  the  year,  62,783,577  busli«ls  of  corn, 
29,901,220  bushels  of  wheat,  18,251,529  bushels  of  oats,  133,981,104 
pounds  of  seed.  The  last  item  alone  would  fill  about  7,000  freight 
cars. 

The  lumber  received  during  the  year  1878  was,  1,171,364,000  feet, 
exceeded  only  in  1872,  the  year  after  the  great  fire.  This  vast 
amount  of  lumber  would  require  195,000  freight  cars  to  transport 
it.  It  would  build  a  fence,  four  boards  high,  four  and  one-half 
times  around  the  globe. 

In  the  stock  trade  for  the  year  1878,  the  figures  assume  propor- 
tions almost  incredible.  They  are,  however,  from  reliable  and 
trustworthy  sources,  and  must  be  accepted  as  authentic.  There 
were  received  during  the  year,  6,339,656  hogs,  being  2,000,000  more 
than  ever  received  before  in  one  year.  It  required  129,916  stock 
cars  to  transport  this  vast  number  of  hogs  from  the  farms  of  the 
West  and  Northwest  to  the  stock  yards  of  Chicago.  These  hogs 
arranged  in  single  file,  would  form  a  connecting  link  between 
Chicago  and  Pekin,  China. 

Of  the  large  number  of  hogs  received,  five  millions  of  them  were 
slaughtered  in  Chicago.  The  aggregate  amount  of  product  manu- 
factured from  these  hogs  was  918,000,000  pounds.  The  capacity  of 
the  houses  engaged  in  slaughtering  operations  in  Chicago  is  60,000 
hogs  daily.  The  number  of  hands  employed  in  these  houses  is 
from  6,000  to  8,000.  The  number  of  packages  required  in  which 
to  market  the  year's  product  is  enormously  large,  aggregating  500,- 
000  barrels,  800,000  tierces  and  650,000  boxes. 

There  has  been  within  the  stock  yards  of  the  city,  during  the 
year  1878,  1,036,066  cattle.     These  were  gathered  from  the  plains 


HISTORY   OF    ILLINOIS.  175 

of  Oregon,  "Wyoming  and  Utah,  and  the  grazing  regions  of  Texas, 
as  well  as  from  all  the  Southern,  Western  and  Northwestern  States 
and  Territories  and  from  the  East  as  far  as  Ohio.  If  these  cattle 
were  driven  from  Chicago  southward,  iu  single  file,  through  the 
United  States,  Mexico,  and  the  Central  American  States  into  South 
America,  the  foremost  could  graze  on  the  plains  of  Brazil,  ere  the 
last  one  had  passed  the  limits  of  the  great  city. 

Not  only  does  Chicago  attract  to  its  great  market  the  products  of 
a  continent,  but  from  it  is  distributed  throughout  the  world  manu- 
factured goods.  Every  vessel  and  every  train  headed  toward  that 
city  are  heavily  ladened  with  the  crude  products  of  the  farm,  of  the 
forests,  or  of  the  bowels  of  the  earth,  and  every  ship  that  leaves  her 
docks  and  every  train  that  flies  from  her  limits  are  filled  with 
manufactured  articles.  These  goods  not  only  find  their  way  all 
over  our  own  country  but  into  Europe,  Asia,  Australia,  Afi-ica, 
South  America,  Mexico,  and  the  Islands  of  the  sea;  indeed,  every 
nook  and  corner  of  the  globe,  where  there  is  a  demand  for  her 
goods,  her  merchants  are  ready  to  supply. 

The  wholesale  trade  for  the  year  1878  reached  enormous  figures, 
aggregating  $280,000,000.  Divided  among  the  leading  lines,  we 
find  there  were  sold  of  dry  goods,  $95,000,000  worth.  The  trade  in 
groceries  amounted  to  $66,000,000;  hardware,  $20,000,000;  boots 
and  shoes,  $24,000,000;  clothing,  $17,000,000;  carpets,  $8,000,000; 
millinery,  $7,000,000;  hats  and  caps,  $6,000,000;  leather,  $8,000,- 
000;  drugs,  $6,000,000;  jewelry,  $4,500,000;  musical  instruments, 
$2,300,000.  Chicago  sold  over  $5,000,000  worth  of  fruit  during 
the  year,  and  for  the  same  time  her  fish  trade  amounted  to  $1,400,- 
000,  and  her  oyster  trade  $4,500,000.  The  candy  and  other  con- 
fectionery trade  amounted  to  $1,534,900.  This  would  fill  all  the 
Christmas  stockings  in  the  United  States. 

In  1852,  the  commerce  of  the  city  reached  the  hopeful  sura  of 
$20,000,000;  since  then,  the  annual  sales  of  one  firm  amount  to 
that  much.  In  1870,  it  reached  $400,000,000,  and  in  1878  it  had 
grown  so  vapidly  that  the  trade  of  the  city  amounted  during  that 
year  to  $650,000,000.  Her  manufacturing  interests  have  likewise 
grown.  In  1878,  her  manufactories  employed  in  the  neighborhood 
of  75,000  operators.  The  products  manufactured  during  the  year 
were  valued  at  $230,000,000.  In  reviewing  the  shipping  interests  of 
Chicago,  we  find  it  equally  enormous.    So  considerable,  indeed,  is  the 


176  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

commercial  navy  of  Chicago,  that  in  the  seasons  of  navigation,  one 
vessel  sails  every  nine  minutes  during  the  business  hours;  add  to 
this  the  canal-boats  that  leave,  one  every  five  minutes  during  the 
same  time,  and  you  will  see  something  of  the  magnitude  of  her 
shipping.  More  vessels  arrive  and  depart  from  this  port  during  the 
season  than  enter  or  leave  any  other  port  in  the  world. 

In  1831,  the  mail  system  was  condensed  into  a  half-breed,  who 
went  on  foot  to  ISTiles,  Mich.,  once  in  two  weeks,  and  brought  back 
what  papers  and  news  he  could  find.  As  late  cs  1846,  there  was 
often  but  one  mail  a  week.  A  post-office  was  established  in 
Chicago  in  1833,  and  the  postmaster  nailed  up  old  boot  legs  upon 
one  side  of  his  shop  to  serve  as  boxes.  It  has  since  grown  to  be 
the  larofest  receiving  office  in  the  United  States. 

In  1841:,  the  quagmires  in  the  streets  were  first  pontooned  by 
plank  roads.  The  wooden-block  pavement  appeared  in  1857.  In 
1840,  water  was  delivered  by  peddlers,  in  carts  or  by  hand.  Then 
a  twenty-five  horse  powepengine  pushed  it  through  hollow  or  bored 
logs  along  the  streets  till  1854,  when  it  was  introduced  into  the 
houses  by  new  works.  The  first  fire-engine  was  used  in  1835,  and 
the  first  steam  fire-engine  in  1859.  Gas  was  utilized  for  lis'htinir 
the  city  in  1S50.  The  Young  Men's  Christian  Association  was 
organized  in  1858.  Street  cars  commenced  running  in  1854.  The 
Museum  was  opened  in  1863.  The  alarm  telegraph  adopted  in 
1864.  The  opera-house  built  in  1865.  The  telephone  introduced 
in  1878. 

One  of  the  most  thoroughly  interesting  engineering  exploits  of 
the  city  is  the  tunnels  and  water-works  system,  the  grandest  and 
most  unique  of  any  in  the  world;  and  the  closest  analysis  fails  to 
detect  any  impurities  in  the  water  furnished.  The  first  tunnel  is 
five  feet  two  inches  in  diameter  and  two  miles  long,  and  can  deliver 
50,000,000  gallons  per  day.  The  second  tunnel  is  seven  feet  in 
diameter  and  six  miles  long,  running  four  miles  under  the  city,  and 
can  deliver  100,000,000  gallons  per  day.  This  water  is  distributed 
throuo-h  410  miles  of  water  mains. 

Chicago  river  is  tunneled  for  the  passage  of  pedestrians  and  vehi- 
cles from  the  South  to  the  AVest  and  ]Sorth  divisions. 

There  is  no  grand  scenery  about  Chicago  except  the  two  seas,  one 
of  water,  the  other  of  prairie.  ^Nevertheless,  there  is  a  spirit  about 
it,  a  push,  a  breadth,  a  power,  that  soon  makes  it  a  place  never  to 


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HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  177 

be  forsaken.  Chicago  is  in  the  field  almost  alone,  to  handle  the 
wealth  of  one-fourth  of  the  territory  of  this  great  republic.  Tlie 
Atlantic  sea-coast  divides  its  margins  between  Portland,  Boston, 
New  York,  Philadelphia,  Baltimore  and  Savannah,  but  Chicago  has 
a  dozen  empires  casting  their  treasures  into  her  lap.  On  a  bed  of 
coal  that  can  run  all  the  machinery  of  the  world  for  500  centuries; 
in  a  garden  that  can  feed  the  race  by  the  thousand  years;  at  the 
head  of  the  lakes  that  give  her  a  temperature  as  a  summer  resort 
equaled  by  no  great  city  in  the  land;  with  a  climate  that  insures 
the  health  of  her  citizens;  surrounded  by  all  the  great  deposits  of 
natural  wealth  in  mines  and  forests  and  herds,  Chicago  is  the 
wonder  of  to-day,  and  will  be  the  city  of  the  future. 

STATES  OF  THE  UNION. 

THEIR  SETTLEMENT,  ORIGIN  OF  NAME".  AND  MEANING,  COGNOMEN,  MOT- 
TOES, ADMISSION  INTO  THE.  UNION,  POPULATION,  AREA,  NUMBER  OF 
SOLDIERS  FDRNISHED  DURING  THE  REBELLION,  NUMBER  OF  REPRE- 
SENTATIVES IN  CONGRESS,  PRESENT  GOVERNORS,  ETC.,  ETC.,  ETC. 

Alabama. — This  State  was  first  explored  by  LaSalle  in  16S4,  and 
settled  by  the  French  at  Mobile  in  1711,  and  admitted  as  a  State  in 
1817.  Its  name  is  Indian,  and  means  "  Here  we  rest."  Has  no 
motto.  Population  in  1860,964,201;  in  1870,996,992.  Furnished 
2,576  soldiers  for  the  Union  army.  Area  50,722  square  miles. 
Montgomery  is  the  capital.  Has  8  Representatives  and  10  Presi- 
dential electors.  Rufus  W.  Cobb  is  Governor;  salary,  $3,000; 
politics.  Democratic.     Length  of  term,  2  years. 

Arkansas — Became  a  State  in  1836.  Population  in  1860,  435,- 
450;  in  1870,484,471.  Area  59,198  square  miles.  Little  Rock, 
capital.  Its  motto  is  Regnant  Populi — "  The  people  rule."  It  has 
the  Indian  name  of  its  principal  river.  Is  called  the  "  Bear  State." 
Furnished  8,289  soldiers.  She  is  entitled  to  4  members  in  Congress^ 
and  6  electoral  votes.  Governor,  W.  R.  Miller,  Democrat;  salary, 
$3,500;  term,  2  years. 

California — Has  a  Greek  motto.  Eureka.,  which  means  "  I  have 
found  it."  It  derived  its  name  from  the  bay  forming  the  peninsula 
of  Lower  California,  and  was  first  applied  by  Cortez.  It  was  first 
visited  by  the  Spaniards  in  1542,  and  by  the  celebrated  English 


178  .  HISTORY   OF    ILLINOIS. 

navigator,  Sir  Francio  Drake,  in  1578.  In  1846  Fremont  took 
possession  of  it,  defeating  the  Mexicans,  in  the  name  of  the  United 
States,  and  it  was  admitted  as  a  State  in  1850.  Its  gold  mines 
from  1868  to  1878  produced  over  $800,000,000.  Area  188,982  square 
miles.  Population  in  1860,  379,994.  In  1870,  560,247.  She  gave 
to  defend  the  Union  15.225  soldiers.  Sacramento  is  the  capital. 
Has  4  Representatives  in  Congress.  Is  entitled  to  6  Presidential 
electors.  Present  Governor  is  William  Irwin,  a  Democrat;  term, 
4  years ;  salary,  $6,000. 

Colorado — Contains  106,475  square  miles,  and  had  a  population 
in  1860  of  34,277,  and  in  1870,  39,864.  She  furnished  4,903 
soldiers.  Was  admitted  as  a  State  in  1876.  It  has  a  Latin  motto, 
Nil  sine  Numine,  which  means,  "Nothing  can  be  done  without 
divine  aid."  It  was  named  from  its  river.  Denver  is  the  capital. 
Has  1  member  in  Congress,  and  3  electors.  T.  AV.  Pitkin  is  Gov- 
ernor; salary,  $3,000;  term,  2  years;  politics,  Pepublicau. 

Connecticut — Qui  transtulit  sustinet,  "  He  who  brouglit  ns  over 
sustains  us,"  is  her  motto.  It  was  named  from  the  Indian  Quon- 
ch-ta-Cut,  signifying  "Long  River."  It  is  called  the  "Nutmeg 
State."  Area  4,674  square  miles.  Population  1860,  460,147;  in 
1870,  537,454.  Gave  to  the  Union  army  55,755  soldiers.  Hart- 
ford is  the  capital.  Has  4  Representatives  in  Congress,  and  is 
entitled  to  6  Presidential  electors.  Salary  of  Governor  $2,000; 
term,  2  years. 

Delaware. — "  Liberty  and  Independence,"  is  the  motto  of  this 
State.  It  was  named  after  Lord  De  La  Ware,  an  English  states- 
man, and  is  called,  "  The  Blue  Hen,"  and  the  "  Diamond  State."  It 
was  first  settled  by  the  Swedes  in  1638.  It  was  one  of  the  original 
thirteen  States.  Has  an  area  of  2,120  square  miles.  Population  in 
1860,  112,216;  in  1870,  125,015.  She  sent  to  the  front  to  defend 
the  Union,  12,265  soldiers.  Dover  is  the  capital.  Has  but  1  mem- 
ber in  Congress;  entitled  to  3  Presidential  electors.  John  W. 
Hall,  Democrat,  is  Governor;  salary,  $2,000;  term,  2  years. 

Florida — Was  discovered  by  Ponce  de  Leon  in  1512,  on  Easter 
Sunday,  called  by  the  Spaniards,  Pascua  Florida,  which,  with  the 
variety  and  beauty  of  the  flowers  at  this  early  season  caused  him  to 
name  it  Florida — which  means  in  Spanish,  flowery.  Its  motto  is, 
"  In  God  we  trust."  It  was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1845.  It  has 
an  area  of  59,268  square  miles.      Population  in  1860,  140,424;  in 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  179 

1870, 187,756.  Its  capital  is  Tallahassee.  Has  2  members  in  Con- 
gress. Has  4  Presidential  electors.  George  F.  Drew,  Democrat, 
Governor;    term,  4  years;  salary,  $3,600. 

Oeoi^gia — Owes  its  name  to  George  II.,  of  England,  who  first 
established  a  colony  there  in  1732.  Its  motto  is,  "  Wisdom,  justice 
and  moderation."  It  was  one  of  the  original  States.  Population 
in  1860,  1,057,286;  1870,  1,184,109.  Capital,  Atlanta.  Area  58,- 
000  square  miles.  Has  9  Representatives  in  Congress,  and  11 
Presidential  electors.  Her  Governor  is  A.  H.  Colquitt,  Democrat; 
term,  4  years;  salarj^  $4,000. 

Illinois — Motto,  "  State  Sovereignty,  National  Union."  ISTame 
derived  from  the  Indian  word,  Illini,  meaning,  superior  men.  It 
is  called  the  '"Prairie  State,"  and  its  inhabitants,  "Suckers." 
"Was Urst  explored  by  the  French  in  1673,  and  admitted  into  the 
Union  in  1818.  Area  55,410  square  miles.  Population,  in  1860 
1,711,951;  in  1870,  2,539,871.  She  sent  to  the  front  to  defend  the 
Union,  258,162  soldiers.  Capital,  Springfield  Has  19  members  in 
Congress,  and  21  Presidential  electors.  Shelby  M.  Cullom,  Eepub. 
lican,  is  Governor;  elected  for  4  years;  salary,  $6,000. 

Indiana — Is  called  "  Hoosier  State."  Was  explored  in  1682, 
and  admitted  as  a  State  in  1816.  Its  name  was  suggested  by  its 
numerous  Indian  population.  Area  33,809  square  miles.  Popu- 
lation in  1860,  1,350,428;  in  1870,  1,680,637.  She  put  into  the 
Federal  army,  194,363  men.  Capital,  Indianapolis.  Has  13  mem- 
bers in  Congress,  and  15  Presidential  electors.  J.  D.  Williams, 
Governor,  Democrat;  salary,  $3,000;  term,  4  year. 

Iowa — Is  an  Indian  name  and  means  "This  is  the  land."  Its 
motto  is,  "  Our  liberties  we  prize,  our  rights  we  will  maintain." 
It  is  called  the  "  Hawk  Eye  State."  It  was  first  visited  by 
Marquette  and  Joliet  in  1673;  settled  by  New  Englanders  in 
1833,  and  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1846.  Des  Moines  is  the 
capital.  It  has  an  area  of  55,045,  and  a  population  in  1860  of  674,913, 
and  in  1870  of  1,191,802.  She  sent  to  defend  the  Government, 
75,793  soldiers.  Has  9  members  in  Congress;  11  Presidential 
electors.  John  H.  Gear,  Republican,  is  Governor;  salary,  $2,500; 
term,  2years. 

Kansas — Was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1861,  making  the 
thirty-fourth  State.  Its  motto  is  Ad  astra  per  aspera,  "  To  the 
stars  through  difficulties."     Its  name  means,  "  Smoky  water,"  and 


180  HISTORY   or    ILLINOIS. 

is  derived  from  one  of  her  rivers.  Area  78,841  square  miles. 
Population  in  1860,  107,209;  in  1870  was  362,812.  She  furnished 
20,095  soldiers.  Capital  is  Topeka.  Has  3  Representatives  in  Con- 
gress, and  5  Presidential  electors.  John  P.  St.  John,  Governor; 
politics,  Republican;  salary,  $3,000;  term,  2  years. 

Kentucky — Is  the  Indian  name  for  "  At  tlie  head  of  the  rivers." 
Its  motto  is,  '•  United  we  stand,  divided  we  fall."  The  sobriquet 
of  "dark  and  bloody  ground  "  is  applied  to  this  State.  It  was  first 
settled  in  1769,  and  admitted  in  1792  as  the  fifteenth  State.  Area 
37,680.  Population  in  1860,  1,155,684;  in  1870,  1,321,000.  She 
put  into  the  Federal  army  75,285  soldiers.  Capital,  Frankfort. 
Has  10  members  in  Congress  ;  12  Electors.  J.  B.  McCreary, 
Democrat,  is  Governor;  salary,  $5,000;  term,  4  years. 

Louisiana — Was  called  after  Louis  XIY.,  who  at  one  time 
owned  that  section  of  the  country.  Its  motto  is  "  Union  and  Con- 
fidence."  It  is  called  '"The  Creole  State."  It  was  visited  by  La 
Salle  in  1684,  and  admitted  into  the  L'nion  in  1812,  making  the 
eighteenth  State.  Population  in  1860,708.002;  in  1870,  732,731. 
Area  46,431  square  miles.  She  put  into  the  Federal  army  5,224 
soldiers.  Capital,  Xew  Orleans.  Has  6  Representatives  and  8 
Electors.  F.  T.  Nichols,  Governor,  Democrat;  salary,  $8,000; 
term,  4  years. 

Maine. — This  State  was  called  after  the  province  of  Maine  in 
France,  in  compliment  of  Queen  Henrietta  of  England,  who  owned 
that  province.  Its  motto  is  Dirigo,  meaning  "  I  direct."  It  is 
called  "The  Pine  Tree  State."  It  was  settled  by  the  English  in 
1625.  It  was  admitted  as  a  State  in  1820.  Area  31,766  square 
miles.  Population  in  1860,  628,279;  in  1870,  626,463;  69,738  sol- 
diers v/ent  from  this  State.  Has  5  members  in  Congress,  and  7 
Electors.  Selden  Connei',  Republican,  Governor;  term,  1  year; 
salary,  $2,500. 

Maryland — "Was  named  after  Henrietta  Maria,  Queen  of 
Charles  I.  of  England.  It  has  a  Latin  motto,  Crecite  et  inultiplica- 
mini^  meaning  "Increase  and  Multiply."  It  was  settled  in  1634, 
and  was  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States.  It  has  an  area  of  11,- 
124  square  miles.  Population  in  1860  was  687,049;  in  1870,  780,- 
806.  This  State  furnished  46,053  soldiers.  Capital.  Annapolis. 
Has  6  Representatives,  and  8  Presidential  electors.  J.  H.  Carroll, 
Democrat,  Governor;  salary,  $4,500;  term,  4  years. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  181 

Massachusetts — Is  the  Indian  for  "  The  country  around  the  great 
hills."  It  is  called  the  "Bay  State,"  from  its  numerous  bays.  Its 
motto  is  Ense  petit  placidam  sub  lihertate  quietem,  "  By  the  sword 
she  seeks  placid  rest  in  liberty."  It  was  settled  in  1620  at  Plymouth 
by  English  Puritans.  It  was  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States, 
and  was  the  first  to  take  up  arms  against  the  English  durini;  the 
Revolution.  Area  7,800  square  miles.  Population  in  1860,  1,2,31,- 
066;  in  1870,  1,457,351.  She  gave  to  the  Union  army  146,467  sol- 
diers. Boston  is  the  capital.  Has  11  Representatives  in  Con- 
gress, and  13  Presidential  electors.  '  Thomas  Talbot,  Republican,  is 
Governor;  salary,  $5,000;  term,  1  year. 

Michigan — Latin  motto,  Luehor,  and  Si  quceris  'peninsulam 
amcenam  circumspice, '''■  1  will  defend" — "If  you  seek  a  pleasant 
peninsula,  look  around  you."  Tlie  name  is  a  contraction  of  two 
Indian  words  meaning  "Great  Lake."  It  was  early  explored  by 
Jesuit  missionaries,  and  in  1837  was  admitted  into  the  Union.  It 
is  known  as  the  "  Wolverine  State."  It  contains  56,243  square 
miles.  In  1800  it  had  a  population  of  749,173;  in  1870, 1,181,059. 
She  furnished  88,111  soldiers.  Capital,  Lansing.  Has  9  Repre- 
sentatives and  11  Presidential  electors.  C.  M.  Croswell  is  Gov- 
ernor; politics,  Republican;  salary,  $1,000;  term,  2  years. 

Minnesota — Is  an  Indian  name,  meaning  "  Cloudy  Water."  It 
has  a  French  motto,  V Etoile  du  Nord — "  The  Star  of  the  North." 
It  was  visited  in  1680  by  La  Salle,  settled  in  1846,  and  admitted 
into  the  Union  in  1858.  It  contains  83,531  square  miles.  In  1860 
had  a  population  of  172,023;  in  1870,  439,511.  She  gave  to  the 
Union  army  24;002  soldiers.  St.  Paul  is  the  capital.  Has  3  mem- 
bers in  Congress,  5  Presidential  electors.  Governor,  J.  S.  Pills- 
bury,  Republican;  salary,  $3,000;  term,  2  years. 

Mississippi — Is  an  Indian  name, meaning  "Long River,"  and  the 
State  is  named  from  the  "  Father  of  Waters."  The  State  was  first 
explored  by  De  Sota  in  1511;  settled  by  the  French  at  Natchez  in 
1716,  and  was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1817.  It  has  an  area  of 
47,156  square  miles.  Population  in  1860,  791,305;  in  1870,827,- 
922.  She  gave  to  suppress  the  Rebellion  545  soldiers.  Jackson  is 
the  capital.  Has  6  representatives  in  Congress,  and  8  Presidential 
electors.  J.  M.  Stone  is  Governor,  Democrat;  salary,  $4,000; 
term,  4  years. 

Missouri — Is  derived  from  the  Indian  word  "  muddy,"  which 


182  HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS. 

more  properly  applies  to  the  river  that  flows  through  it.  Its  motto 
is  Salus  populi  sapreina  lex  esto^  "  Let  the  welfare  of  the  people 
be  the  supreme  law."  The  State  was  first  settled  by  the  French 
near  Jefferson  City  in  1719,  and  in  1821  was  admitted  into  the 
Union.  It  has  an  area  of  67,380  square  miles,  equal  to  43,123,200 
acres.  It  had  a  population  in  1860  of  1,182,012;  in  1870,  1,721,- 
000.  She  gave  to  defend  the  Union  108,162  soldiers.  Capital, 
Jefferson  City.  Its  inhabitants  are  known  by  the  offensive  cogno- 
man  of  ''  Pukes."  Has  13  representatives  in  Congress,  and  15 
Presidential  electors.  J.  S.  Phelps  is  Governor;  politics,  Demo- 
cratic; salary,  S5,000;  term,  4  years. 

Nebraska — Has  f  ^r  its  motto,  "  Equality  before  the  law."  Its 
name  is  derived  from  one  of  its  rivers,  meaning  "  broad  and  shal- 
low, or  low."  It  was  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1S67.  Its  capital 
is  Lincoln.  It  had  a  population  in  1860  of  28,841,  and  in  1870, 
123,993,  and  in  1875,  246,280.  It  has  an  area  of  75,995  square 
miles.  She  furnished  to  defend  the  Union  3,157  soldiers.  Has  but 
1  Representative  and  3  Presidential  electors.  A.  Kance,  Repub- 
lican, is  Governor;  salary,  $2,500;  term,  2  years. 

Nevada — ''  The  Snowy  Land  "  derived  its  name  from  the  Span- 
ish. Its  motto  is  Latin,  Volens  et  jpotens^  and  means  "  willing 
and  able."  It  was  settled  in  1S50,  and  admitted  into  the  Union  in 
1S64.  Capital,  Carson  City.  Its  population  in  1860  was  6,857; 
in  1870  it  was  42,491.  It  has  an  area  of  112,090  square  miles. 
She  furnished  1.080  soldiers  to  suppress  the  Rebellion.  Has  1  Rep- 
resentative and  3  Electors.  Governor,  J.  H.  Kinkhead,  Republican ; 
salary,  $0,000;  term,  4  years. 

New  Hampshire — "Was  first  settled  at  Dover  by  the  English  in 
1623.  "Was  one  of  the  original  States.  Has  no  motto.  It  is 
named  from  Hampshire  county  in  England.  It  also  bears  the 
name  of  "  The  Old  Granite  State."  It  has  an  area  of  9,280  miles, 
which  equals  9,239,200  acres.  It  had  a  population  in  I860  of  326,- 
073,  and  in  1870  of  318,300.  She  increased  the  Union  army  with 
33.913  soldiers.  Concord  is  the  capital.  Has  3  Representatives 
and  5  Presidential  electors.  N.  Head,  Republican,  Governor; 
salary,  $1,000;  term,  1  year. 

New  Jersey — "Was  named  in  honor  of  the  Island  of  Jersey  in  the 
British  channel.  Its  motto  is  "  Liberty  and  Independence."  It  was 
first  settled  at  Bergen  by  the  Swedes  in  1624.     It  is  one  of  the  orig- 


HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS.  183 

inal  thirteen  States.  It  has  an  area  of  8,320  square  miles,  or  5,324,- 
800  acres.  Population  in  1860  was  672,035 ;  in  1870  it  was  906,096. 
She  put  into  the  Federal  army  75,315  soldiers.  Capital,  Trenton. 
Has  7  Representatives  and  9  Presidential  electors.  Governor, 
George  B.  McClelland,  Democrat;  salary,  $5,000;  term,  3  years. 

Ntw  York. — The  "Empire  State"  was  named  by  the  Duke  of 
York,  afterward  King  James  II.  of  England.  It  has  a  Latin  motto, 
Excelsior,  which  means  "Still  Higher."  It  was  first  settled  by  the 
Dutch  in  1614:  at  Manhattan.  It  has  an  area  of  47,000  square 
miles,  or  30,080,000  acres.  The  population  in  1860  was  3,880,735; 
in  1870  it  was  4,332,759.  It  is  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States. 
Capital  is  Albany.  It  gave  to  defend  our  Government  445,959 
men.  Has  33  members  in, Congress,  and  35  Presidential  electors. 
Governor,  L.  Robinson,  Democrat;  salary,  $10,000;  term,  3  years. 

North  Carolina — Was  named  after  Charles  IX.,  King  of  France. 
It  is  called  "  The  Old  N"orth,"  or  "  The  Turpentine  State."  It  was 
first  visited  in  1524  by  a  Florentine  navigator,  sent  out  by  Francis 
I.,  King  of  France.  It  was  settled  at  Albemarle  in  1663.  It  was 
one  of  the  original  thirteen  States.  It  has  an  area  of  50,704  square 
miles,  equal  to  32,450,560  acres.  It  had  in  ISGO  a  population  of 
992,622,  and  in  1S70,  1,071,361.  Raleigh  is  the  capital.  She 
furnished  3,156  soldiers  to  put  down  the  Rebellion.  Has  8  mem- 
bers in  Conixi-ess,  and  is  entitled  to  10  Presidential  electors.  Z,  B. 
Vance,  Democrat,  is  Governor;  salary,  $5,000;  term,  4  years. 

QJiio — Took  its  name  from  the  river  on  its  Southern  boundary, 
and  means  "Beautiful."  Its  motto  is  Imperium  in  Iniperio — 
'•An  Empire  in  an  Empire."  It  was  first  permanently  settled  in 
1783  at  Marietta  by  New  Englanders.  It  was  admitted  as  a  State 
in  1803.  Its  capital  is  Columbus.  It  contains  39,964  square 
miles,  or  25,576,960  acres.  Population  in  1860,  2,339,511;  in  1870 
it  had  2.665,260.  She  sent  to  the  front  during  the  Rebellion  310,- 
654  soldiers.  Has  20  Representatives,  and  22  Presidential  electors. 
Governor,  R.  M.  Bishop,  Democrat;  salary,  $4,000;  term,  2  years. 

Oregon — Owes  its  Indian  name  to  its  principal  river.  Its  motto 
is  Alls  volat  propriis — "She  flies  with  her  own  wings."  It  was 
first  visited  by  the  Spaniards  in  the  sixteenth  century.  It  was  set- 
tled by  the  English  in  1813,  and  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1859. 
Its  capital  is  Salem.  It  has  an  area  of  95,274  square  miles,  equal 
to  60,975,360  acres.     It  had  in  1860  a  population  of  52,465;  in 


184  HISTORY   OF   ILLINOIS, 

1870,90,922.  She  furnished  1,810  soldiers.  She  is  entitled  to  1 
member  in  Congress,  and  3  Presidential  electors.  W.  W.  Thayer, 
Republican,  is  Grovernor;  salary,  $1,500 ;   term,  4  years. 

Pennsylvania. — This  is  the  "Keystone  State,"  and  means  "Penn's 
Woods,"  and  was  so  called  after  William  Penn,  its  original  owner. 
Its  motto  is,  "Virtue,  liberty  and  independence."  A  colony  was 
established  by  Penn  in  1682.  The  State  was  one  of  the  original 
thirteen.  It  has  an  area  of  46,000  square  miles,  equaling  29,440,- 
000  acres.  It  had  in  1860  a  population  of  2,906,215;  and  in  1870, 
3,515,993.  She  gave  to  suppress  the  Rebellion,  338,155.  Harris- 
burg  is  the  capital.  Has  27  Representatives  and  29  electors.  H. 
M.IIoyt,  is  Governor;  salary,  $10,000;  politics.  Republican;  term 
of  office,  3  years. 

Rhode  Island. — This,  the  smallest  of  the  States,  owes  its  name  to 
the  Island  of  Rhodes  in  the  Mediterranean,  which  domain  it  is  said 
to  greatly  resemble.  Its  motto  is  "  Hope,"  and  it  is  familiarly 
called,  "Little  Rhody."  It  was  settled  by  Roger  Williams  in  1636. 
It  was  one  of  the  original  thirteen  States,  It  has  an  area  of  1,306 
square  miles,  or  835,840  acres.  Its  population  in  18G0  numbered 
174,620;  in  1870,  217,356.  She  gave  to  defend  the  Union,  23,248. 
Its  capitals  are  Providence  and  Newport.  Has  2  Representatives, 
and  4  Presidential  electors.  C.  Yanzandt  is  Governor;  politics, 
Republican;  salary,  $1,000;  term,  1  year. 

South  Carolina. — The  Palmetto  State  wears  the  Latin  name  of 
Charles  IX.,  of  France  (Carolus).  Its  motto  is  Latin,  Animis 
opib usque 2y<^'rati,  "Ready  in  will  and  deed."  The  first  permanent 
settlement  was  made  at  Port  Royal  in  1670,  where  the  French 
Huguenots  had  failed  three-quarters  of  a  century  before  to  found  a 
settlement.  It  is  one  of  tJie  original  thirteen  States.  Its  capital  is 
Columbia.  It  has  an  area  of  29,385  square  miles,  or  18,^^06,400 
acres,  with  a  population  in  1860  of  703,708;  in  1870,  728,000. 
Has  5  Representatives  in  Congress,  and  is  entitled  to  7  Presidential 
electors.     Salary  of  Governor,  $3,500;  term,  2  3^ears. 

Tennessee — Is  the  Indian  name  for  the  "  River  of  the  Bend,"  i,  e^ 
the  Mississippi,  which  forms  its  western  boundary.  She  is  called 
"The  Big  Bend  State."  Her  motto  is,  "  Agriculture,  Commerce." 
It  was  settled  in  1757,  and  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1796,  mak- 
ini?  the  sixteenth  State,  or  the  third  admitted  after  the  Revolution- 
ary  War — Vermont  being  the  first,  and  Kentucky  the  second.      It 


HISTORY    OF   ILLINOIS.  185 

has  an  area  of  45,600  square  miles,  or  29,184,000  acres.  In  1860 
its  population  numbered  1,109,801,  and  in  1870,  1,257,983  She 
furnished  31,092  soldiers  to  suppress  the  Rebellion.  Nashville  is 
the  capital.  Has  10  Representatives,  and  12  Presidential  electors. 
Governor,  A.  S.  Marks,  Democrat;  salary,  $4,000;  term,  2  years. 

Texas — Is  the  American  word  for  the  Mexican  name  by  which 
all  tliat  section  of  the  country  was  known  before  it  was  ceded  to  the 
United  States.  It  is  known  as  "  The  Lone  Star  State."  The  first  set- 
tlement was  made  by  LaSalle  in  1685.  After  the  independence  of 
Mexico  in  1822,  it  remained  a  Mexican  Province  until  1836,  when 
it  gained  its  independence,  and  in  1845  was  admitted  into  the 
Union.  It  has  an  area  of  237,504  square  miles,  equal  to  152,002,- 
560  acres.  Its  population  in  1860  was  604,215;  in  1870,  818,579. 
She  gave  to  put  down  the  Rebelion  1,965  soldiers.  Capital,  Austin. 
Has  6  Representatives,  and  8  Presidential  electors.  Governor,  O. 
M.  Roberts,  Democrat;  salary,  $5,000;  term,  2  years. 

Yermont — Bears  the  French  name  of  her  mountains  Verde  Mont^ 
"Green  Mountains."  Its  motto  is  "Freedom  and  Unity."  It 
was  settled  in  1731,  and  admitted  into  the  Union  in  1791.  Area 
10,212  square  miles.  Population  in  1860,  315,098 ;  in  1870,  330,55 1  • 
She  gave  to  defend  the  Government,  33,272  soldiers.  Capital,  Mont- 
pelier.  Has  3  Representatives,  and  5  electors.  Governor,  H.  Fair- 
banks, Republican;  term,  2  years;  salary,  $1,000. 

Virginia. — The  Old  Dominion,  as  this  State  is  called,  is  the 
oldest  of  the  States.  It  was  named  in  honor  of  Queen  Elizabeth, 
the  "  Virgin  Queen,"  in  whose  reign  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  made  his 
first  attempt  to  colonize  that  region.  Its  motto  is  Sic  seraper 
tyrannis,  "  So  always  with  tyrants."  It  was  first  settled  at  James- 
town, in  1607,  by  the  English,  being  the  first  settlement  in  the 
United  States.  It  is  one  of  original  thirteen  States,  and  had  before 
its  division  in  1862,  61,352  square  miles,  but  at  present  contains 
but  38,352  square  miles,  equal  to  24,545,280  acres.  The  population 
in  1860  amounted  to  1,596,318,  and  in  1870  it  w\as  1,224,830.  Rich- 
mond is  the  capital.  Has  9  Representatives,  and  11  electors.  Gov- 
ernor, F.  W.  M.  Halliday,  Democrat;  salary,  $5,500;  term,  4  years. 

West  Virginia. — Motto,  Montani  semper  liber i.,  "  Mountaineers 
are  always  free."  This  is  the  only  State  ever  formed,  under  the 
Constitution,  by  the  division  of  an  organized  State.  This  was  done 
in  1862,  and  in  1863  was  admitted  into  the  Union.     It  has  an  area  of 


186 


HISTORY    UF    ILLIXOIS. 


23,000  square  miles,  or  14,720,000  acres.  The  population  in  I860 
was  376,000;  in  1870  it  numbered  4i5.616.  She  furnished  32,003. 
Capital,  Wheeling.  Has  3  Representatives  in  Congress,  and  is 
entitled  to  5  Presidential  electors.  The  Governor  is  H.  M.  Mathews, 
Democrat;  term,  4  years;  salary,  $2,700, 

Wisconsin — Is  an  Indian  name,  and  means  *' Wild-rushinor 
channel,"  Its  motto,  Clvitatas  successit  barbaruni,  "  The  civilized 
man  succeeds  the  barbarous."  It  is  called  "  The  Badger  State." 
The  State  was  visited  by  the  French  explorers  in  1665,  and  a  settle- 
ment was  made  in  1669  at  Green  Bay,  It  was  admitted  into  the 
Union  in  1848.  It  has  an  area  of  52,924  square  miles,  equal  to 
34,511,360  acres.  In  1860  its  population  numbered  775,881;  in 
1870,  1,055,167.  Madison  is  the  capital.  She  furnished  for  the 
Union  army  91,021  soldiers.  Has  8  members  in  Congress,  and  is 
entitled  to  10  Presidential  electors.  The  Governor  is  W.  E.  Smith; 
politics.  Republican;  salarj^  $5,000;  term,  2  years. 


HISTORY    OF    ILLINOIS.  187 

ILLINOIS    INSTITUTE    FOR   DEAF   AND    DUMB. 

The  first  class  of  unfortunates  to  attract  the  notice  of  the  legis- 
lature were  the  deaf  mutes.  The  act  establishino^  the  institution  for 
the  education  of  these  unfortunates  was  approved  by  Gov,  Carlin, 
Feb.  23,  1839,  the  asylum  to  be  located  at  Jacksonville.  The 
original  building,  afterward  called  the  south  wing,  was  begun  in 
1842,  and  completed  in  1849,  at  a  cost  of  about  $25,000.  A  small 
portion  of  the  building  was  ready  for  occupancy  in  1846,  and  on 
the  26th  day  of  January,  of  that  year,  the  Institution  was  formally 
opened,  with  Mr.  Thomas  Officer  as  principal.  The  first  term 
opened  with  but  four  pupils,  which  has  increased  from  year  to  year, 
until  the  average  attendance  at  the  present  time  is  about  250. 

ILLINOIS    INSTITUTE   FOR    THE    INSANE. 

In  response  to  an  appeal  from  the  eminent  philanthropist, 
Miss  D.  L.  Dix,  an  act  establishing  the  Illinois  Hospital 
for  the  Insane,  was  approved  by  Gov.  French,  March  1,  1847". 
Nine  trustees  were  appointed,  with  power  to  select  a  site, 
purchase  land,  and  erect  buildings  to  accommodate  250  patients. 
On  the  1st  of  May  the  board  agreed  upon  a  site,  1^  miles 
from  the  court-house  in  Jacksonville.  In  1851  two  wards  in 
the  east  wing  were  ready  for  occupancy,  and  the  first  patient 
was  admitted  Nov.  3, 1851.  In  1869  the  General  Assembly  passed 
two  acts  creating  the  northern  asylum  for  the  insane,  and  the 
southern  asylum  for  the  insane,  which  was  approved  by  Gov. 
Palmer,  April  16,  1869.  Elgin  was  selected  as  a  location  for  the 
former,  and  Anna  for  the  latter.  The  estimated  capacity  of  the 
three  asylums  is  1,200  patients.  In  addition  to  the  State  institu- 
tions for  the  insane,  there  are  three  other  asylums  for  their  benelit. 
one  in  Cook  county,  which  will  accommodate  about  400  patients, 
and  two  private  institutions,  one  at  Batavia,  and  one  at  Jack- 
sonville. 

ASYLUM    FOR    FEEBLE-MINDED. 

The  experimental  school  for  feeble-minded  children,  the  first 
institution  of  its  kind  in  the  North-west,  was  created  by  an  act 
approv:ed,  Feb.  15,  1865.  It  was  an  outgrowth  of  the  institution 
for  deaf  and  dumb,  to  which  idiots  are  frequently  sent,  under  a 
mistaken  impression  on  the  part  of  parents,  that  their  silence 
results  from     inability  to  hear.     The  selectiou  of  a  site    for  tlie 


;;    3  iiiSTOKV  of  Illinois. 

building  was  intrusted  to  seven  commissioners,  who,  in  July,  18T5, 
agreed  upon  the  town  of  Lincoln.  The  building  was  begun  in 
1875,  and  completed  three  years  later,  at  a  cost  of  $154,209.  The 
averajje  attendance  in  1878  was  22-1. 

THE    CHICAGO    CHARITABLE    EYE   AND    EAR    INFIKMAEY. 

The  association  for  founding  this  institution  was  organized  in 
May,  1858,  and  Pearson  street,  Chicago,  selected  for  the  erection 
of  the  building.  In  1865  the  legislature  granted  the  institution 
a  special  charter,  and  two  years  later  made  an  appropriatioa  of 
$5,000  a  year  for  its  maintenance,  and  in  1871  received  it  into  the 
circle  of  State  institutions;  thereupon  the  name  was  changed  by 
the  substitution  of  the  word  Illinois  for  Chicago.  The  buildinff 
was  swept  away  by  the  great  fire  of  1871,  and  three  years  later  the 
present  building  was  completed,  at  a  cost  of  $12,813. 

THE    SOUTHERN    ILLINOIS   NORMAL    UNIVERSITY 

Is  located  at  Carbondale.  This  University  was  opened  in  1874, 
and  occupies  one  of  the  finest  school  edifices  in  the  United  Spates. 
It  includes,  besides  a  normal  department  proper,  a  prejiaratory 
department  and  a  model  school.  The  model  school  is  of  an 
elementary  grade;  the  preparatory  department  is  of  the  grade  of  a 
high  school,  with  a  course  of  three  years.  The  normal  course  of  four 
years  embraces  two  courses,  a  classical  and  a  scientific  course;  both 
make  the  study  of  the  English  language  and  literature  quite 
prominent. 

THE    ILLINOIS    INDUSTRIAL    UNIVERSITY, 

Located  at  Urbana,  was  chartered  in  1867.  It  has  a  corps  of  twen- 
ty-five instructors,  including  professors,  lecturers  and  assistants, 
and  has  an  attendance  of  over  400  pupils.  It  comprises  four 
colleges  (1)  Agriculture,  (2)  Engineering,  (3)  Natural  Science, 
(4)  Literature  and  Science.  These  colleges  embrace  twelve  subor- 
dinate schools  and  courses  of  instruction,  in  which  are  taught 
domestic  science  and  art,  commerce,  military  science,  wood  engrav- 
ing, printing,  telegraphy,  photographing  and  designing.  This  insti- 
tution is  endowed  with  the  national  land  grant,  and  the  amount  of 
its  productive  fund  is  about  $320,000.  The  value  of  its  grounds, 
buildings,  etc.,  is  about  $640,000.  It  is  well  supplied  with  appara- 
tus, and  has  a  library  of  over  10,000  volumes. 


,-((fr«**'***'^''."^ 


LiciMii  r 


Of  THE 

UMVFRSITY   OF   ILLSNOIS. 


HISTORY  OF  FULTON  COUNTY. 


CHAPTER  I. 

EARLY  SETTLEMENT. 

Tlie  MUitary  Tract. — At  tlie  close  of  the  war  betAvocn  the  United 
States  and  England  in  1812  onr  Government  laid  off  a  tract  of  lan<l 
in  Illinois  for  the  soldiers  who  ])artiei])ate(l  in  that  war.  The  land 
thns  a])propriated  was  enil,)raced  in  the  region  between  the  Missis- 
sippi and  the  Illinois  rivers,  and  extended  as  far  northward  as  the 
north  line  of  Bnreaii  and  Henry  connties.  To  it  the  name  "  Mili- 
tarv  Tract"  was  given,  and  by  that  name  this  section  is  still 
known.  Within  this  boundary  is  embraced  one  of  the  most  fertile 
regions  of  the  globe.  Scarcely  had  Congress  made  the  proper  pro- 
visions to  enable  the  soldiers  to  secure  their  land  ere  a  few  of  the 
most  daring  and  resolute  started  to  j)ossess  it.  There  were  only  a 
few,  however,  who  at  first  regarded  their  '^'quarter-section"  of  suffi- 
cient value  to  induce  them  to  endure  the  hardships  of  the  pioneer 
in  its  settlement  and  improvement.  Many  of  them  sold  their  patent 
to  a  fine  ''prairie  quarter"  in  this  county  for  one  hundred  dollars, 
others  for  less,  while  some  traded  theirs  for  a  horse,  a  cow,  or  a 
watch,  regarding  themselves  as  just  so  much  ahead.  This  was  a 
source  of  no  little  trouble  to  the  actual  settlers,  as  shown  further  on 
in  this  volume,  for  they  could  not  always  tell  which  quarter  of  land 
belonged  to  a  soldier,  or  which  was  "Congress  land"  and  could  be 
pre-empted.  Even  when  a  settler  found  a  suitable  location  knoMU 
to  be  "  patent  land,"  with  a  desire  to  ])urchase,  he  experienced  great 
difficulty  in  finding  the  owner,  and  often  did  not  find  him  until  he 
had  put  hundreds  of  dollars'  wcn-th  of  improvements  on  it,  when  the 
patentee  was  sure  to  turn  up. 

Fulton  County.  —  The  largest  <if  the  counties  contained  in  the  Mil- 
itarv  Tract  is  Fulton  county,  the  history  of  which  we  now  begin  to 
write,  and  which  we  shall  seek  to  make  as  detailed  and  accurate  as 
accessible  data  will  permit.  That  some  errors  will  occur  in  names 
and  dates,  and  some  statements,  cannot  be  denied,   but  studious  (vare 

13 


192  HISTOKY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

will  be  taken  to  avoid  as  many  sii(3h  inaccuracies  as  possible.  The 
face  of  the  conntiy  of  this  county,  save  that  portion  bordering  on 
Illinois  river,  is  mostly  rich,  rolling  prairie,  watered  by  Spoon  river, 
Coj)peras,  Otter,  Cedar,  Buckheart,  Big,  Putjnan  and  Coal  creeks, 
with  their  numerous  and  small  tributaries,  along  which  are  exten- 
sive bodies  of  timber.  The  farmers  have  planted  artificial  groves 
extensively  over  the  ])rairie,  which  has  had  the  effect  of  ameliorating 
the  climate,  by  kee])ing  the  winds  of  an  open  country  from  the  sur- 
face of  the  earth.  By  the  energy  and  enterprise  of  the  citizens  of 
this  county  it  has  been  transformed  from  the  native  wilderness 
into  one  of  the  most  attractive  portions  of  the  State,  if  not  of  the 
West.  It  is  claimed  that  there  is  no  spot  on  the  face  of  the  earth 
capal)lc  of  sustaining  a  denser  population  than  the  Military  Tract; 
and  those  familiar  with  this  beautiful  portion  of  our  State  know 
that  Fulton  county  is  not  excelled  by  any  other  within  its  boundary. 
That  this  county  contains  as  intelligent,  enterjn'ising  and  thrifty 
agriculturists  as  probably  can  be  found  elsewhere  in  the  same  breadth 
of  territory  in  the  Ignited  States,  few  will  deny.  Fine  barns,  with  all 
the  modern  improvements,  comfortable  dwellings,  lawns,  gardens, 
out-houses,  etc.,  are  to  be  found  on  every  hand ;  towns  and  cities 
have  sprung  up  as  if  by  magic,  and  every  knoll  is  graced  by  a  church 
edifice  or  school  building. 

The  natural  resources  of  Fulton  county,  as  above  alluded  to,  for 
agricultural  and  manufacturing  purposes,  and  marketing,  give  to 
the  farmers  and  manufacturers  of  the  county  su])erior  advantages. 
The  agricultural  interests  of  the  county  are  well  advanced.  Indeed, 
it  mav  be  said  that  Fulton  is  the  great  a<i:ricultural  countv  of  Illinois. 
There  is  a  larger  nund)er  of  people  living  upon  the  farms  of  this 
county  than  reside  in  the  rural  districts  of  any  other  county  of  this 
great  State.  While  there  are  a  number  of  counties  having  a  larger 
pojndation  than  Me  have  in  Fulton  county,  yet  all  of  those  have 
within  their  boundaries  large  cities.  Outside  of  the  cities  there  is  a 
greater  population  in  Fulton  than  in  any  other  county  in  the  Prairie 
State.  The  soil  is  mostly  rich  ])rairie  loam,  and  has  great  pro- 
ductive <pialities.  It  is  mostly  divided  into  farms  of  medium  size, 
from  80  to  o'H)  acres ;  but  few  large  farms  are  to  be  found.  The  ben- 
efit of  this  is  apparent  by  the  increased  population  and  a  l)etter  cul- 
tivation. The  staple  crops  of  cereals  are  corn,  wheat  and  oats,  which 
generally  yield  abundantly.  This  is  the  condition  of  Fulton  ecninty 
at  present.  How  ditt'erent  when  John  Eveland  with  his  family  lo- 
cated within  its  borders  !  Then  these  prairies  were  a  vast  wilderness 
covered  with  a  i-ank  growth  of  prairie  grass,  and  much  of  the  land 
now  under  a  high  state  of  cultivation  was  covered  with  heavy  for- 
ests. At  that  time  the  native  red  men  roamed  unmolested  over  the 
flowery  ])rairies  and  through  dark  forests. 

Before  proceeding  further  in  detailing  the  immediate  history  of 
the  county  we  desire  to  mention  a  few  important  facts  relative  to  the 
ante-pion(>er  history  of  this  section  of  the  State.     In  1673  the  great 


HISTORY    OF    FUT.TOX    f'OT'XTY.  19o 

French  explorers,  Marquette  and  Joliet,  passed  up  the  Illinois  in 
canoes  on  their  return  from  their  famous  voyage  down  the  Missis- 
sippi. In  1680,  January  3,  LaSalle,  with  his  little  band  of  French- 
men, came  down  the  Illinois  river  and  landed  upon  the'  opj)osite 
shore  and  erected  a  fort, — Fort  Crevecteur.  This  fort  was  sotni 
evacuated  and  destroyed,  yet  the  enterprising  Frenchmen  continued 
among  the  Indians  as  traders.  In  1778  the  French  made  another 
settlement,  at  the  upper  end  of  Peoria  lake.  The  country  in  the 
vicinity  of  this  lake  was  called  by  the  Indians  Piin-i-fc-iri,  that  is, 
a  ])lace  where  there  are  many  fat  beasts.  Here  the  town  of  Laville 
de  Meillet,  named  after  its  founder,  was  started.  Within  the  next 
twenty  years,  however,  the  town  was  moved  down  to  the  lower  end 
of  the  lake  to  the  j)resent  site  of  Peoria.  In  1812  the  town  was 
destroyed  and  the  inhabitants  carried  away  by  Cai)tain  Craig.  In 
1813  Fort  Clark  was  erected  tliere  by  Illinois  trooj)s  engaged  in  the 
war  of  1812.     Five  years  later  it  was  destroyed  by  fire. 

Year  after  year  rolled  by  until  almost  a  century  and  a  half  had 
passed  since  LaSalle  stepped  ashore  from  his  skifl',  before  the  aV)()rigi- 
nes  who  occupied  the  territory  eml)raccd  ^vithin  the  present  l)oun(larv 
of  Fulton  county  were  molested  by  the  encroachments  of  the  whit(> 
man.  Generation  after  generation  of  natives  a})peared  upon  the 
wild  scenes  of  savage  life,  roamed  the  forest  and  prairie,  an<l 
glided  over  the  beautiful,  placid  Illinois  and  Spoon  rivers  in  tiieii' 
log  and  bark  canoes,  and  passed  away.  Still  the  advance  of  civil- 
ization, the  steady  westward  tread  of  the  Anglo-Saxon,  disturbed 
them  not.  The  buffalo,  deer,  bear,  and  wolf  roamed  the  ])rairie  and 
woodland,  tlie  Indian  tlicir  only  enemy.  But  nature  had  destined 
better  things  for  this  fertile  region.  She  had  been  too  lavisii  in  the 
distribution  of  natural  advantages  to  leave  it  longer  in  the  |)eaeeable 
possession  of  those  who  had  for  centuries  refused  to  devehip,  even 
in  the  slightest  degree,  any  of  her  great  resources.  She  accordingly 
directed  hitherward  the  footsteps  of  the  industrious,  enter})rising 
pioneer;  and  so  fertile  was  the  soil,  and  so  beautiful  the  flowers,  so 
sparkling  were  the  streams  and  shady  the  groves  that,  in  advance  of 
all  the  surrounding  country,  the  pioneers  sought  and  settled  the 
timber  land  and  prairie  of  Fulton  county. 

The  thrilling  scenes  through  which  the  [)ioneer  settlers  passed  in 
the  settlement  of  this  portion  of  Illinois  must  ever  awaken  emotions 
of  warmest  regard  for  them.  To  pave  the  way  for  those  who  fol- 
lowed after  them,  to  make  their  settlement  in  the  West  a  pleasure, 
they  bore  the  Hood-tide  wave  of  civilization ;  they  endured  all,  suf- 
fered all.  But  few  of  these  spirits  now  survive ;  they  have  passed 
away  full  of  years  and  honors,  leaving  their  children,  and  children's 
children  and  strangers  to  succeed  them  and  enjoy  the  fruits  of  the 
toil,  privations  and  savings  of  their  long  and  eventful  lives. 

Life  with  them  is  o'er,  their  hibors  all  are  done, 
And  others  reap  the  harvest  that  they  won. 


194  HISTORY    OF    FUT.TOX    f'OUNTY. 

Too  great  honor  cannot  be  accorded  them,  and  we  regret  that  we 
have  not  the  data  to  speak  more  fully  and  definitely  of  them,  their 
])ersf)nal  experiences,  their  lives  and  their  characters. 

Dr.  Davison,  the  Hermit. — Undoubtedly  the  first  white  man  to 
make  his  home  within  the  present  boundaries  of  Fulton  county  was 
Dr.  W.  T.  Davison.  The  time  of  his  settlement  here  is  not  known, 
but  was  at  a  very  early  date.  We  do  not  know  positively  that  his 
name  was  W.  T.,  but  from  all  we  can  learn,  those  must  have  been 
his  , initials.  There  was  a  "W.  T."  Davison  who  served  on  the  first 
ffrand  inrv  ever  chosen  in  the  countv,  and  as  we  can  find  no  record 
of  another  Davison  living  in  the  county  at  that  time  (1823),  we 
must  conclude  that  this  grand  juror  was  the  eccentric  Dr.  Davison. 
He  was  leading  the  life  of  a  hermit  on  the  south  bank  of  Spoon  river 
near  the  present  town  of  Waterford  when  first  visited  by  John  Eve- 
land,  whom  we  may  justly  call  the  first  legitimate  settler  of  Fulton 
county.  He  thus  continued  to  live  for  a  few  years  here,  absolutely 
refusino:  to  have  anvthin*):  to  do  with  his  neiohbors.  A  sketch  of 
this  most  singular  individual  from  the  lips  of  the  late  Mrs.  O.  M. 
Ross  has  been  jilaced  on  record,  which  we  give  below,  knowing 
that  from  no  other  source  could  a  more  correct  or  complete  account 
of  him  be  obtained. 

Mrs.  Ross  has  said,  at  the  time  of  the  birth  of  Abner  E. 
Barnes,  Mrs.  Barnes  being  very  sick,  they  sent  fi)r  Dr.  Davison,  he 
being  the  only  physician  within  hundreds  of  miles.  He  sent  back 
word  that  he  would  not  go  for  the  whole  "Military  Tract."  Then 
Mrs.  Ross  and  ^Irs.  Eveland  were  sent  for  him,  and  l)v  hard  })er- 
suadino;  thev  induced  him  to  make  the  visit,  which  thev  thought 
saved  the  life  of  Mrs.  Barnes.  Mrs.  Ross  says  he  lived  in  a  very 
small  cabin,  but  all  within  was  neat ;  and  from  the  appearance  of 
things,  such  as  fine  bed-clothing,  his  own  clothing  having  been  the 
best  and  fashionably  made  and  himself  an  educated  man,  he  had 
once  seen  the  bright  side  of  life;  but  from  what  they  could  gather 
from  the  few  remarks  he  had  dropped,  he  had  been  disappointed  by 
the  lady  he  had  expected  to  make  his  partner  for  life,  which  so  de- 
pressed him  and  made  him  lose  all  confidence  in  the  human  family 
that  he  resolved  to  push  westward  so  far  that  he  would  have  no 
more  associations  with  civilized  man.  Mrs.  Ross  also  says  that, 
from  the  clearing  of  his  garden,  the  advancement  of  his  bushes  and 
shrubbery  he  had  set  out,  his  fiowers,  etc.,  all  convinced  her  that  he 
had  been  living  there  for  years,  which  undoubtedly  makes  Dr.  Da- 
vison the  first  settler  of  Fulton  county.  In  1823,  when  Ossian  M. 
Ross  ran  against  William  P]ads  for  Sheriif,  the  excitement  was  high, 
as  it  was  a  selection  either  from  Le wisto wn  or  Peoria  ;  and  as  there  were 
less  than  thirty  voters,  every  vote  told  perceptibly  in  the  result.  In 
this  excitement  Dr.  Davison  was  persuaded  to  go  to  Lewistown  and 
deposit  his  first  and  only  vote.  He  at  that  day  took  dinner  with 
Mr.  Ross,  and  remarked  at  the  table  how  strange  it  was  to  eat  a 
meal  of  victuals  with   his  fellow  men,  which  was  something  he  had 


HISTOEY    OP    FULTON    COUNTY,  195 

not  done  for  many  years.  He  pnrchasetl  the  walnut  boards  which 
were  sawed  in  the  short-lived  saw-mill  on  Otter  Creek  in  1818,  for 
his  own  coffin.  He  was  very  much  annoyed  by  the  encroachment 
of  civilization,  and  about  the  year  1824  he  (juietly  gathered  his  few 
effects,  with  the  material  for  his  coffin,  and  })addled  his  canoe  up  the 
Illinois  river,  since  which  time  his  old  neighbors  have  not  heard 
from  him. 

The  late  Dr.  Reuben  R.  McDowell  thought  Dr.  Davison  to  be  an 
uncle  of  his  wife's  (of  which  there  is  no  doul)t),  and  made  extended 
inquiries  into  the  history  of  his  life ;  but  as  the  doctor  has  left  no 
record  of  his  research  we  can  only  obtain  such  information  on  this 
point  as  a  few  of  the  old  settlers  obtained  from  him.  He  came  from 
Pennsylvania  to  this  far  western  country,  hoping,  like  the  red  men 
around  him,  never  to  be  disturbed  by  the  encroachment  of  the  whites, 
or  civilization.  It  is  told  by  some  that  through  the  disappointment 
he  met  with  by  the  young  lady- whom  he  loved  he  lost  confidence  in 
the  human  family,  and  desired  to  have  no  more  intercourse  with  any 
one.  Another  tradition  is  left  to  us  as  a  reason  for  his  adopting  the 
life  of  a  hermit,  which  is  this  :  He  joined  the  I'egular  army  and  was 
sent  into  the  Southern  States.  Being  insulted  while  an  officer  of 
rank  he  challenged  the  officer  who  offended  him  to  fight  a  duel. 
The  affair  of  honor  was  fought,  and  the  doctor  killed  his  opponent. 
Through  remorse,  as  mnch  as  the  fear  of  the  law,  he  sought  the  wild- 
erness of  the  banks  of  S}X)on  river.  We  are  also  told  that  instead 
of  having  purchased  lumber  for  his  coffin  he  made  one  by  digging  it 
out  of  a  log.  Hon.  L.  W.  Ross,  of  Lewistown,  and  Henry  An- 
drews, of  Canton,  remember  seeing  Davison,  and  say  he  was  a  fine- 
looking  man.  He  left  in  1824  and  went  to  Starved  Rock,  on  the 
Illinois  river  near  Peru,  Avhere  he  died.  He  kept  a  journal,  which 
was  sent  back  to  two  sisters  he  had  in  Pennsylvania.  This  is  all, 
after  a  careful  research,  that  we  are  able  to  learn  of  Dr.  W.  T. 
Davison. 

John  Ei'dand,  the  first  actual  settler,  came  with  his  family  to  what 
is  now  Fulton  county  in  the  spring  of  1820.  He  landed  half  a 
mile  north  of  the  present  town  of  Waterford,  on  the  southeast 
quarter  of  section  10,  Waterford  township.  He  was  from  Kentucky, 
and  came  into  Calhoun  county.  111.,  where  he  had  a  brother  living, 
a  few  years  prior  to  his  coming  here.  He  was  of  the  same  type  of 
Kentuckian  as  the  famous  explorer,  Daniel  Boone.  He  brought 
with  him  a  large  family,  ])erhaps  ten  or  twelve  children.  Among 
his  children  were  John,  Henry,  Mace,  William  and  Amos,  the  latter 
of  whom  but  recently  died  in  the  old  neighborhood.  He  lived  on 
Spoon  river  but  a  few  years  when  he  moved  to  Buckheart  township, 
where  he  soon  died,  and  where  his  widow  also  died.  There  is  now 
no  building  where  he  first  settled.  Mr.  Eveland  was  a  finely  formed, 
square-built  man,  of  l)ut  little  education,  quiet  and  hospitable.  He 
became  a  prominent  man  in  the  early  history  of  Fulton  county.  He 
was  appointed  its  first  Treasurer,  but  declined  the  office.     When  he 


196  HISTOKY    OF    FUI/rOX    COUNTY. 

arrived  in  the  county  lie  found  besides  Mr.  Davison  a  man  by  the 
name  of  Statler.  This  individual  was  livino:  in  a  rude  boat  floating 
on  the  bosom  of  Spoon  river  about  where  Waterford  is  now  situated. 
He  shortly  afterwards  left  the  country,  and  nothing  more  is  known 
of  him.  At  this  time,  it  must  be  remembered,  this  county  was  a 
part  of  Pike  eonnty,  but  it  did  not  long  so  remain. 

A  saw-mill  was  erected  by  a  St.  Lonis  tirm,  Craig  ct  Savage,  on 
Otter  creek,  in  Kcrton  township,  in  181<S.  This  tirm  had  sawed  a 
a  part  of  their  first  log  when  a  sudden  rise  in  the  stream  carried 
their  mill  away,  and  the  site  was  abandoned.  This  ])erha})S  was  the 
iirst  enterprise  undertaken  in  the  Military  Tract. 

Oissi((n  M.  Jio.ss. Tohn    Eveland  had  scarcely  got  snugly  settled 

in  his  new  home  on  the  banks  of  Spoon  river  ere  Ossian  M.  Ross 
and-family  came  in  to  be  his  neighbors,  and  t<»  wield  a  greater  influ- 
ence in  molding  and  forming  the  history  of  the  county  perhaps  than 
anv  other  family  that  ever  resided  in  it.  Ossian  M.  Ross  was  b<n'n 
in  \ew  York  State  Aug.  10,  1790,  and  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Miss  Mary  Winans  in  Waterloo,  X.  Y.,  Jnly  7,  1811.  Mrs.  Ross 
was  horn  A))ril  1,  179o,  in  Morris  county,  X.  J.  Mr.  Ross  was  a 
soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  came  to  this  section  to  secure  the 
land  triven  him  bv  Government  for  services  rendered  as  a  soldier. 
In  1820  Mr.  Ross  with  his  family  came  to  Alton,  111.,  and  in  the 
spring  of  the  following  year  (1821),  with  his  family  and  a  few  men 
employed  by  him  to  make  improvements,  sailed  up  the  Illinois  river 
to  Otter  creek  in  a  keel-boat.  It  was  his  intention  to  locate  upon 
the  southeast  (piarter  of  section  29,  Isabel  townshij).  He  with  three 
companions  came  up  from  Alton  the  year  previous  (1820),  ex- 
plored this  country,  and  selected  this  place  because  there  was 
a  good  mill-seat  there.  It  was  his  intention  to  erect  a  water-mill 
on  this  stream  at  that  point;  Init  after  traveling  up  Otter  creek  for 
some  distance  in  their  cumbersome  keel-boat  thev  came  to  a  large 
tree  fallen  across  the  stream,  which  made  a  barrier  that  could 
not  be  passed  over  or  around.  These  sturdy  pioneers,  hoM'ever, 
were  not  easily  turned  from  their  course.  They  made  preparations 
to  saw  the  log  into  pieces  and  remove  it.  This  scheme  was  frustrat- 
ed, however,  and  the  whole  course  of  Mr.  Ross'  plans  changed.  A 
heavy  rain  fell  during  the  night,  and  in  the  morning  the  log  they 
intended  sawing  was  six  to  eight  inches  under  water  and  therefore 
out  of  reach  of  workmen.  He  ran  his  boat  stern  foremost  back 
down  Otter  creek  to  the  Illinois, ^uid  up  that  stream  to  Spoon  river. 
He  entered  this  stream  and  started  up  its  swift  swollen  waters  for 
Mr.  Eveland's,  intending  to  go  on  to  where  he  owned  three  quarter- 
sections  of  land.  They  experienced  the  greatest  ditiiculty  in  ascend- 
ing this  turbulent  stream,  made  so  by  recent  heavy  rains.  It 
consumed  several  days  of  constant  hard  labor  to  reach  Eveland's. 
At  ])laces  men  were  put  upon  the  bank  and  with  ropes  dragged  the 
boat  along.  This  Mas  slow  motive  power  and  known  as  cordelling. 
Then  they  wf)uld  get   liold  of  the  overhanging  limbs  of  trees  and 


HISTORY    OF    FFI.TOX    COUNTY.  197 

pull  the  boat  along  in  that  way.  They  finally  reached  Eveland's, 
in  whose  cabin  the  party  was  welcomed.  There  they  remained  un- 
til his  teams  and  stock  arrived.  These  were  brought  across  the 
country.  Mr.  Ross  with  his  teams  then  started  for  his  own  land, 
where  Lewistown  now  is.  j\Ien  were  sent  ahead  to  cut  down  trees 
and  clear  a  road.  On  arriving  at  the  end  of  the  journey  Mr.  Ross 
iubilantlv  exclaimed  to  his  familv,  "We  are  now  on  our  own  land." 
His  daughter,  Mrs.  Steel,  of  Canton,  who  was  then  a  little  girl, 
quickly  spoke  up,  "Why,  pa,  have  we  come  all  this  distance  just  for 
this?"  Xothing  but  a  vast  wilderness  was  s])read  out  before  them 
and  the  little  girl  expected  to  find  something  wonderfully  fine,  else 
they  would  not  have  endured  all  the  hardships  that  had  befallen  them 
on  their  long  journey.  There  have  been  many  hearts  made  sad  by 
the  disappointment  received  on  their  arrival  into  this  county  (hiring 
its  first  settlement  when,  after  traveling  for  weeks  through  an  al- 
most unbroken  country,  the  husband  and  father  would  stop  his  jaded 
team  under  the  boughs  of  a  large  tree  many  miles  from  the  nearest 
white  inhabitant  and  say,  "  Our  journey's  end  is  readied.  This  is 
our  home.  Alight."  Surely,  as  it  did  to  little  JNIiss  Ross,  it  must 
have  seemed  to  the  wife  and  little  ones  that  they  had  come  a  long 
way  to  make  their  home  in  the  wilderness  among  the  wild  beasts. 

In  twenty-four  hours  after  arrival  Mr.  Ross  had  a  shelter  made 
for  his  family.  It  consisted  of  poles  set  in  the  ground  tent  fashion 
and  other  poles  laid  across  these  and  covered  with  bark.  Harvey 
L.  Ross,  his  son,  says  he  distinctly  remembers  helj)ing  carry  bark  to 
cover  this  shantv.  Mr.  Ross  immediatelv  set  about  buildinj):  a  log 
cabin,  which  was  located  where  Major  Newton  Walker's  residence 
now  stands.  He  was  so  well  pleased  with  the  location  of  his  land 
that  he  determined  to  lay  off  a  town,  which  he  did,  and  secured  for  it 
the  county-seat  for  the  county  of  Fulton  when  it  was  organized. 

Among  those  who  came  with  Mr.  Ross  AvereMr.  Nimon  and  wife. 
He  was  a  blacksmith  and  lived  here  a  long  time.  Mr.  Ross  also 
brought  with  him  a  shoemaker  bv  the  name  of  Swetliup;.  He  and 
Nimon  died  many  years  ago,  and  were  buried  in  the  eastern  part  of 
Lewistown  near  where  the  old  Presbyterian  church  stood,  which 
was  the  first  burying  ground  in  the  county. 

Fenuer  Brothers. — Hon.  L.  W.  Ross  tells  us  that  when  they  came 
to  the  county  there  were  two  brothers,  Roswell  and  Reuben,  by  the 
name  of  Fenner,  living  at  Eveland's.  We  find  frequent  mention 
made  of  these  pioneers  in  the  earliest  records  of  tiie  county.  They 
were  both  unmarried  men  when  they  came  to  the  county,  but  did 
not  long  remain  so.  A  few  years  afterwards  one  of  them  was  ar- 
rested for  whipping  his  wife.  Judge  Stephen  Phel})s,  of  Lewis- 
town,  defended  him,  and  declared  that  according  to  law  and  the 
scriptures  a  man  had  a  right  to  chastise  his  wife. 

The  Serc/eants  and  Barnes. — Theodore  Sergeant,  his  brother, 
Charles  Sergeant,  David  W.  Barnes  and  William  Blanchard,  vet- 
erans of  the  war  of  1812,   at  their  discharge  determined  to   come 


IDS  HISTORY    OF    Fri>TON    C'OrNTY. 

west.  From  Detroit,  Mich.,  they  went  to  Fort  Wayne,  whence 
they  journeyed  in  a  canoe  to  Vincennes,  thence  to  St.  Louis.  From 
there  they  came  up  the  Illinois  in  a  keel-boat,  manned  by  a  fishing- 
crew,  and  commanded  by  a  man  named  AVarner.  They  landed  at 
Ft.  Clark,  now  Peoria,  in  the  spring  of  1819.  Crossing  the  river 
to  what  is  known  as  the  bottom  lands  they  found  a  cleared  spot,  and 
with  such  tools  as  they  could  arrange  from  Avood  put  in  a  patch  of 
corn  and  potatoes.  This  land  is  now  em1)odied  in  Fond  du  Lac 
township,  Tazewell  eounty.  Looking  farther  down  they  found  an 
old  French  field  of  about  ten  acres,  upon  which  they  erected  a  rude 
habitation.  This  was  the  firet  settlement  between  Ft.  Clark  and 
vicinity  and  Chicago,  and  theirs  was  the  first  dwelling  erected. 

These  daring  ex])lorers  were  looking  up  the  "l)0unty  land"  Con- 
gress had  given  them,  which  was  in  the  ^Military  Tract.  Learning 
the  location  of  his  land  Sergeant  soon  made  a  trip  to  Fulton  county 
to  look  at  it.  He  found  it  to  be  located  in  the  breaks  on  Big  creek, 
several  miles  south  of  Canton.  This  was  not  a  desirable  location. 
He  reported  to  his  com})anions,  however,  that  there  were  fine  lands, 
good  timber  and  plenty  of  water  a  few  miles  north  of  his  land,  and 
advised  them  to  come  and  settle  there.  Accordingly,  in  1821, 
Charles  and  Theodore  and  D.  AV.  Barnes  came  to  Fulton  county 
and  made  a  temporary  settlement  near  the  mouth  of  Spoon  river. 
Li  1830  Blanchard  moved  to  Woodford  county,  where  he  yet 
resides. 

Theodore  and  Charles  Sergeant,  John  Pixley  and  Henry  Andrews 
lived  with  D.  W.  Barnes  at  Ft.  Clark  (now  Peoria).  The  latter, 
a  brother-in-law  of  Barnes,  had  lost  both  his  parents  while  living  at 
Ft.  Clark.  Pixley  had  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  a  brav^, 
daring  man.  One  day  a  stalwart  Indian  in  boasting  of  his  bravery, 
of  having  killed  men,  women  and  children,  said  he  had  once  taken 
a  little  child  by  the  heels  and  beat  its  brains  out  on  the  corner  of  a 
cabin.  He  boasted  thus  to  Pixley  and  others  and  told  how  the  little 
creature  raised  its  hands,  quivering.  This  the  brutal  savage  thought 
showed  bravery.  There  were  two  hundred  Indians  around  and  but 
eight  white  men  ;  l)ut  this  did  not  deter  the  plucky  Pixley  from 
giving  the  Indian  a  good  whipping.  He  had  bought  a  rawhide, 
at  St.  Louis,  and  when  the  Indian  finished  his  story  he  took  the 
rawhide  down  from  between  the  clapboards  of  the  roof  of  their  cabin, 
and  lit  u])on  the  Indian  and  threshed  him  till  the  blood  spurted  from 
his  mouth.  He  flogged  him  most  severely,  and  so  fearless  and  reso- 
lute was  he  that  not  an  Indian  raised  an  objection. 

While  Mr.  Barnes  and  his  companions  lived  at  Ft.  Clark  the  In- 
dians threatened  to  kill  the  whites  during  a  certain  moon.  The  In- 
dians then  reckoned  time  by  moons.  If  they  owed  a  debt  it  was 
due  at  a  certain  moon.  The  Indians  being  offended  determined 
to  kill  the  whites.  There  were  but  eight  or  ten  men,  mostly  young 
soldiers  of  the  war  of  1812,  to  i)i-otect  the  women  and  children.  The 
moon    arrived    and    a  slaughter  was  expected.       The   women   and 


HISTORY    OF    FUT.TOX    (OrXTY.  191» 

chiklren  were  put  in  Barnes'  cabin  and  tlie  latch  string  pulled  in, 
while  the  men  with  their  trusty  rifles  stood  outside.  They  sent 
word  for  the  Indians  to  come  on,  but  their  courage  subsided  before 
the  superior  courage  of  the  whites, 

Barnes  with  his  family  came  on  to  Lewistown  and  became  the 
neighbor  of  O.  M.  R^)ss.  While  living  at  this  place  Mr.  Barnes 
hauled  a  load  of  salt  from  the  mouth  of  Spoon  river,  where  the 
river  craft  had  frozen  up,  to  Ft.  Clark.  This  was  a  perfectly  wild 
country  and  of  course  no  roads.  He  made  this  trij),  which  con- 
sumed several  davs,  and  in  remuneration  received  one  bushel  of  salt. 
This  was  a  most  precious  article  at  that  time,  and  indeed  for  many 
years  afterwards. 

AVhile  residing  at  Lewistown  the  Indians  would  steal  his  pota- 
toes and  everything  else  they  could  get  their  hands  upon.  One 
niffht  while  an  Indian  was  stealiui)-  his  iiotatoes  he  was  attacked  l)v 
their  watch  dog,  which  tore  from  his  blanket  a  small  piece.  This 
was  a  clue  for  Mr.  Barnes  to  use  in  finding  the  thief.  He  took  the 
piece  and  went  among  the  Indians,  and  finally  found  a  red  man  with 
a  blanket  that  had  in  it  a  hole  the  size  and  shape  of  the  piece  he  had. 
This  brave  he  concluded  was  the  thief,  which  he  proved  to  be. 

Mr.  Barnes  soon  left  Lewistown  and  located  two  and  a  half  miles 
north  of  the  present  city  of  Canton.  He  traded  80  acres  of  land  he 
owned  in  the  upper  part  of  Lewistown  for  the  1(50  acres  he  located 
upon  in  Canton  township.  He  made  this  trade  because  he  was  get- 
ting; crowded  at  Lewistown  and  all  was  a  vast  wilderness  at  Canton. 
Mr.  Henry  Andrews  remembers  very  distinctly  this  move.  He  was 
a  small  l)oy  and  ran  along  in  the  Indian  trail  behind  the  wagon,  and 
ifot  so  far  behind  at  one  time  that  he  became  verv  much  frightened 
lest  he  be  left.  He  also  remembers  very  distinctly  the  time  two  In- 
dians came  to  their  cabin  shortly  after  they  had  settled  in  their 
new  home,  to  stay  all  night.  They  were  traveling  toward  Chicago, 
and  it  being  in  the  fall  of  the  year  the  weather  was  cool  and  they 
did  not  like  to  sleej)  out  in  the  cold  if  they  could  get  a  cabin  to  rest 
in.  Barnes'  cabin  contained  only  one  room,  yet  they  permitted  the 
two  red  men  to  stay  with  them.  They  alighted  from  their  ])onies, 
gave  Mrs.  Barnes,  the  chomokoman's  wife  as  they  called  her,  a  quar- 
ter of  a  deer  and  passed  into  the  house.  They  set  their  guns  up  in 
the  corner,  hung  up  their  bullet  ])ouch,  tomahawk,  and  scalping 
knives,  and  lay  down  before  the  large  fire-place.  They  cut  oft'  a 
large  piece  of  venison,  j)ut  it  on  a  stick  and  fixed  it  before  the  fire. 
During  the  night  they  would  occasionally  turn  it,  thus  cooking  it 
thoroughly.  This  they  intended  should  last  them  several  days.  We 
fear  there  are  few  of  the  present  day  who  would  permit  two  tram])s 
to  sleep  in  the  same  room  they  do  even  without  all  the  implements 
of  death  at  hand,  as  these  Indians  had.  They  might  have  arisen 
and  murdered  the  entire  househfdd,  and  many  days,  perhaps  months 
hav^e  elapsed  before  any  other  white  man   would  have  known  of  it. 


200  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COU^'TY. 

Those  pioneers  were  fearless  and  had  much  more  confidence  in  their 
red  neighbors  than  we  are  wont  to  believe. 

Mr.  Barnes  lived  on  the  very  frontier.  His  was  the  last  cabin 
travelers  passed  on  the  road  to  Ft.  Clark  and  the  first  they  met  go- 
ing,' south.  It  was  therefore  a  stopping-  place  for  travelers  going 
both  ways.  Judge  Stephen  Phelps,  who  was  living  at  Lewistown, 
was  traveling  toward  Chicago.  With  him  were  his  wife  and  daughter. 
They  stopped  for  the  night  at  Barnes'  caVjin.  The  cabin  was  small 
and  the  night  warm,  and  Miss  Emily  Phelps,  the  daughter,  took  her 
blanket  out  doors  and  spread  it  under  the  boughs  of  a  tree  and 
passed  the  night  alone  in  the  forest.  There  are  but  few  of  the 
young  ladies  of  to-day  who  woidd  not  shrink  from  making  their  bed 
in  such  a  spot. 

When  Mr.  Barnes  left  Lewistown  lie  also  left  the  only  blacksmith 

•  shop  in  this  whole  region  of  country.     Mr.  Henry  Andrews  tells  us 

he   remembers  Mr.  Barnes    shouldering  up  the  plowshare    of    his 

large  prairie  breaking  ])low  and  going  M'ith  it,  on  foot,  to  Lewistown 

to  the  blacksmith  shop. 

It  may  seem  strange,  but  the  very  earliest  settlers  suffered  from 
want  of  meat.  The  Indians  had  driven  game  almost  entirely  awav 
and  the  wild  liog  had  not  yet  apjieared.  Mr.  Andrews  tells  us  that 
a  lady  at  Lewistown  (they  were  known  as  neighbors  then,  although 
fifte(»n  miles  away  )  sent  to  one  of  their  neighbors  at  Canton  one- 
half  of  a  brant.  Meat  was  then  a  great  luxury,  and  this  piece  of 
fowl  Mr.  Andrews  savs  seemed  to  be  worth  an  ox.  It,  though 
so  small,  was  divided  among  the  settlers  at  Canton.  He  also  tells 
us  he  went  to  a  neighbor's  on  a  visit  at  one  time  and  the  only  food 
set  before  him,  or  the  family,  was  boiled  potatoes  and  salt,  and  this 
latter  article  was  very  scarce.  He  also  says  that  during  the  first 
settlement  of  this  county  men  wore  moccasins  and  buckskin  pants 
and  shirts  and  coonskin  caps  almost  altogether,  li'  they  had  a  cot- 
ton or  woolen  shirt  it  was  worn  only  on  important  occasions. 
When  Eliza  Andrews,  a  sister  of  Henry  Andrews,  died,  they  had 
no  lumber  out  of  which  to  make  a  c(»ffin,  but  dug  a  receptacle  for 
the  body  out  of  a  log. 

During  the  great  txalena-lead-jnines  excitement  in  1827  Mr. 
Barnes  went  to  Galena.  He  did  not  reniain  long  but  returned  to  his 
home  near  Canton. 

tSerf/cani's  Wcddin;/. — Barnes  was  the  only  married  man  in  tlic 
party  (from  Fort  Clark)  and  Sergeant  lived  ^vith  Barnes  un- 
til his  marriage,  Nov.  o,  1824,  when  he  was  united  with  Miss 
Mary  Brown.  This  was  one  of  the  earliest  weddings  of  the 
county,  and  the  following  interesting  description  of  it  was  fur- 
nishetl  Mr.  Swan  by  Henry  Andrews,  a  member  of  the  wedding 
party: 

"  This  wedding  was  a  great  event  in  the  Barnes  neigh- 
borhood. It  occurred  at  the  cabin  of  Daniel  Brown,  the  father  of 
the  bride.      All   the  neighbors  were  invited,  and  probably  all   were 


HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY.  2()1 

assembled  in  the  cabin ;  still,  though  small,  it  was  not  nearly  full. 
The  bride  was  gorgeously  appareled  in  a  checked  linsey  homespun 
dress,  a  three-cornered  handkerchief  about  her  neck,  and  ^  her  feet 
encased  in  moccasins.  The  groom  also  wore  moccasins,  and  a  full 
suit  of  new  linsey,  colored  with  butternut  bark.  The  guests  were 
dressed  much  the  same  and  were  seated  upon  [)uncheon  benches 
around  the  sides  of  the  cabin.  Captain  Barnes,  at  that  time  County 
Commissioner,  performed  the  marriage  ceremony  with  due  and  be- 
coming dignity.  At  the  conclusion  of  the  ceremony  all  the  gentle- 
men present  saluted  the  bride.  When  this  ceremony  was  com- 
pleted, old  Mr.  Brown  produced  a  '  noggin '  of  whisky  and  a 
bran-new  tin  cup — then  considered  a  very  aristocratic  drinking-ves- 
sel — and  passed  the  customary  beverage  to  all  present.  All  drank 
from  the  cup,  filling  it  from  the  'noggin  '  when  em])ty,  and  passing 
it  from  hand  to  hand  until  again  empty.  The  liquor  soon  began  to 
make  the  guests  merry,  and  jokes  and  songs  were  considered  to  be 
in  order,  (xeorue  Matthews,  a  gav  old  bachelor,  was  considered  a 
fine  ballad-singer,  and  sang  a  song  that  would  scarcely  be  considered 
appropriate  on  a  festive  occasion  at  this  day.  Mr.  Andrews  gives 
from  memorv  two  verses  of  the  ballad: 

"There's  the  silly  old  man 

Of  a  hundredand  twenty, 
Who  pines  on  his  riches. 

Though  stores  he  has  plenty. 

"He'll  exchange  all  his  riches. 

His  lands  and  his  rents, 
For  a  worm-eaten  coffin, 

A  hundred  years  hence. 

"  This  song  was  vigorously  a]>])lauded,  and  was  followed  by  sev- 
eral others  of  the  same  sort.  The  partv  dispersed  about  eleven 
o'clock." 

Sergeant  would  have  been  united  in  marriage  sooner  than  he  was, 
and  then  would  have  been  the  first  man  married  in  the  county  "had 
the  old  lady  been  willin'."  He  made  a  proposal  for  the  hand  of  the 
lady  for  whom  it  is  claimed  the  honor  of  being  the  first  woman 
married  in  the  county.  AVe  take  his  story  of  his  proposal  from 
Swan's  Canton  History  : 

^'  I  had  made  up  my  mind  that  I  ought  to  have  a  housekeeper, 
and  accordingly  had  mv  eve  out  for  one.  Somehow  I  heard  that 
there  was  an  old  lady  living  d<twn  toward  the  mouth  of  S])oon  riv- 
er bv  the  name  of  AVent\V(»rth,  who  had  some  gals  that  wanted  to 
marry  ;  so  I  concluded  I  would  go  down  and  see  about  it.  I  did  so, 
and  on  arriving  there  at  once  made  mv  business  known  to  old  Mrs. 
AVeutworth.  The  old  lady  looked  me  over,  with  the  air  of  a  judge 
of  the  article  she  wanted',  and  began  her  catechism  by  asking  me 
what  I  followed,  my  age,  and  where  I  was  from.  I  told  her  that  I 
was  twenty-nine  years  old,  had  been  five  years  a  soldier,  and  thought 
I  could  manage   a   wife  ;    that  I  was  from  Barnes'  settlement,  was 


202  HISTORY    OF    FUI.TOX    COUNTY. 

opening  a  farm,  and  wanted  a  gal  to  help  me  pull  through  the  start. 
The  old  lady  f^hook  her  head  and  informed  me  that  I  would  not  suit 
her  gals,  as  she  had  made  up  her  mind  that  they  should  all  jnarry 
store-keepers.  I  told  her,  if  that  was  the  ease  I  reekoned  her  gals 
would  not  suit  me,  as  I  wanted  one  that  would  })ull  with  me  on  the 
start.  Sero-eant  returned  to  Canton  from  this  unsuceessful  wooino- 
and  reported  the  result  to  the  few  young  men  in  that  part  of  the 
county.  They  at  once  determined  to  get  even  with  the  family  whose 
notions  were  so  aristocratic.  There  was  an  occasional  peddler, 
named  Clark,  who  came  through  the  county  on  horseback,  carrying 
needles,  thread  and  other  small  wares  in  a  sack,  dividing  his  stock 
into  ecpial  ])roportions  and  balancing  it  over  his  saddle.  This  Clark 
was  the  first  ])eddler  who  visited  the  county.  Clark  was  not  a  man 
of  much  force  of  character,  and  it  was  determined  to  send  him  after 
the  Wentworth  girls.  He  readily  acceded  to  the  proposition,  and 
soon  visited  Mrs.  AV.  In  reply  to  her  interrogations,  Clark  in- 
formed the  old  lady  that  he  resided  in  Peoria,  and  sold  goods  for  a 
livelihood.  This  tilled  the  old  lady's  bill,  and  she  at  once  gave  her 
daughter  to  Clark  in  marriage  ;  and  Sergeant  thinks  theirs  was  the 
first  wedding  celebrated  in  the  county.  Tt  took  place  a  few  weeks 
])rior  to  Sergeant's  wedding. 

''George  S.  McConnell,  however,  relates  an  incident  connected 
with  the  first  court  held  in  the  county,  and  the  spring  or  early  sum- 
mer of  the  same  year,  which  establishes  the  fact  that  Clark's  could 
not  have  been  the  first  wedding,  as  at  that  court  a  couple  were  di- 
vorced, the  woman  l)eing  a  sister  of  the  Tottens,  and  the  same  nigiit 
the  divorced  woman  was  married  to  one  of  the  jurors,  by  the  name 
of  Williams,  who  had  tried  the  cause." 

"When  my  commission  comes.''  —  The  following  certificate  whether 
true  or  not  is  certainly  rich.  It  was  ])ublished  in  a  history  of  Illi- 
nois as  early  as  1837,  and  the  author  of  that  claims  to  have  copied  it 
from  a  historv  of  Peoria  countv.  It  therefore  is  nothinp;  new,  and 
might  be  accredited  owing  to  its  age  if  for  nothing  else.  The  Jus- 
tice of  the  Peace,  O.  M.  R.,  we  suppose  was  none  other  than  Ossian 
M.  Ross,  the  well-known  founder  of  Lewistown.  We  give  it  with 
the  writer's  comments  as  copied  in  the  old  liistory  of  1837,  from  the 
History  of  Peoria  county  : 

"Examining  a  land  title  the  other  day  which  involved  a  question 
of  legitimacy,  I  stumbled  upon  the  following  marriage  certificate, 
which  is  decidedly  too  good  to  be  lost,  and  is  literally  bona  fide.  Th.e 
marriage,  of  which  this  is  the  only  legal  evidence,  took  place  in  Cop- 
peras precinct  (now  in  Fulton  county  ),  in  the  infancy  of  the  county, 
or  rather  in  ])rimitive  times,  and  the  magistrate  ought  to  l)e  immor- 
talized, whether  he  gets  his  commission  or  not:" 

State  ok  Illinois,    ) 
Peoria  County       J     " 

To  all  the  World  Greeting : — Know  ye,  that  John  Smith  and  Poly  Myers  is 
hereby  entitled  to  go  together  and  do  as  old  folks  does  anywhere  inside  of 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  203 

Copperas  precinct,  and  when  my  commision  comes  I  am  to  marry  'em  good, 
and  date  'em  back  to  kiver  accidents. 

[  L.  s.  ]  0.  M.  R- — ,  Justice  Peace. 

f)fhfr  s'^efflers.  —  In  1822  James  and  Charles  Gardner,  with  a  com- 
panion, loft  Sano^amon  eonnty  for  Fnlton.  The  party  crossed  the 
Illinois  river  at  Peoria,  where  they  found  three  settlers,  John  L. 
Bogardns,  Capt.  Eads  and  Aqnila  Moifatt.  They  journeyed  on 
and  met  no  other  white  person  until  they  arrived  at  Lewistown. 
Thev  explored  the  county  and  found  a  suitable  location  on  section 
34,  Isabel  township,  where  they  sowed  some  garden  and  apple  seed. 
They  then  returned  to  Sangamon  after  their  families.  They  were 
ferried  over  the  Illinois  at  Havana  by  John  Eveland.  In  the  spring 
of  1823  Messrs.  Gardner,  assisted  by  a  Mr.  Higgins,  built  a  flat-boat 
on  the  Sanwimon  river  in  which  thev  moved  to  their  new  homes. 
Duriug  the  summer  of  1823  the  flat-boat  was  taken  for  a  ferryboat 
at  Havana,  and  old  Mr,  Scoville  was  the  first  ferryman. 

Charles  Gardner  returned  to  Sangamon  county  about  twenty  years 
ago  and  there  died.  James  died  here  a  few  years  ago.  Their  |>ar- 
ents,  who  came  with  them  when  they  first  moved  to  this  county, 
passed  the  remainder  of  their  lives  here. 

Besides  these  pioneers  there  were  others  who  cauie  in  shortly  after- 
wards. Among  these  were  licJ^ert  Reeves,  who  settled  on  Keeves' 
Prairie,  Deerfield  townshi]),  in  1823.  William  Totteu  located  on 
T(jtten's  Prairie,  Cass  township,  the  same  year,  and  about  the  same 
time  came  Roswell  Tyrrell  and  John  Totten,  who  settled  upon  the 
same  section.  Thomas  Cameron  came  the  following  vear  (  1  S24  ). 
Joshua  Moore  settled  in  Joshua  townshij),  from  whom  it  received  its 
name,  in  1824.  He  was  closely  followed  in  that  townshi]^  by  I^evi 
D.  Ellis,  who  in  1823  moved  to  Ellisville  township  and  was  its 
first  settler.  Reading  Putman  settled  on  section  2,  Putman  town- 
ship, in  1828,  and  Stephen  Chase  settled  in  the  southern  part  of  the 
township  the  same  year. 

The  FIr.sf  Mall  Carrien^. — Harvey  L.  Ross,  a  sou  of  Ossian  M. 
Ross,  and  now  a  resident  of  Macomb,  111.,  at  the  age  of  15  years 
was  employed  to  carry  the  mail  from  Springfield  to  Monmouth,  a 
distance  of  one  hundred  and  thirty-five  miles,  making  a  tri])  each 
week.  He  would  often  have  to  swim  streams  three  or  four  times 
each  day  with  the  mail-bag  stra])ped  across  his  shoulders.  At  that 
time  (1832)  there  Mas  no  direct  road  from  Knoxville  to  Monmouth, 
a  distance  of  twenty  miles,  and  not  a  single  house  between  the  two 
])oints.  His  only  guide  along  the  route  was  ])oints  of  tindier.  He 
tells  us  that  he  still  has  a  vivid  recollection  of  the  imminent  danger 
he  found  himself  in  one  stormy  night  in  January,  when  in  the  vi- 
cinity of  the  present  city  of  Galesburg  he  heard  a  pack  of  hungry 
wolves  set  up  a  tremendous  howling  a  few  rods  behind  him.  It 
may  be  imagined  that  the  young  hero,  in  that  vast  wilderness  on  a 
mid-winter  night  with  wild  and  savage  beasts  howling  on  every 
iiand,  lost  no  time  in  reaching  the  end  of  his  journey.     The  only 


204  HISTORY    OF    FTLTOX    COT'XTY. 

postoffices  along  the  route  were  Springfield,  Sangamon  Town,  New 
Salem,  Havana,  Lewistown,  Canton,  Farmington,  Knoxville  and 
Monmouth.  Abraham  Lincoln,  our  martyr  President,  was  then 
])ostmaster  of  Xew  Salem,  receiving  his  aj)pointment  on  the  recom- 
mendation of  (^ssian  M.  Ross,  who  Mas  one  of  the  oklest  postmas- 
ter-; in  the  country,  and  the  only  postmaster  at  that  time  within  the 
boundaries  of  the  present  ]\Iason  county.  After  Harvey  L.  Koss 
had  carried  the  mail  over  that  long,  dangerous  and  desolate  route 
for  a  considerable  time,  his  father  let  out  a  part  of  the  route  to  Ma- 
lon  AVinans,  an  uncle  of  Mr.  Ross'.  Mr.  Winans,  who  lived  at 
Lewistown,  was  given  that  part  of  the  line  from  Lewistown  to  Mon- 
mouth. AVinans  had  a  son  that  he  intended  to  put  upon  the  route, 
but  concluded  to  go  over  it  himself  first  tliat  he  might  make  all 
necessary  arrangements  fi)r  stopping-places.  Rut  his  first  trip  was 
his  last,  for  in  attempting  to  swim  Spoon  river  with  the  mail-bag 
strap])ed  to  his  back  he  was  drowned.  This  was  in  1834  and  was 
the  first  death  to  occur  in  Truro  township,  Knox  countv.  His 
body  was  afterwards  fimnd  in  a  drift  of  wood  one-half  mile  beh)W 
the  crossing.  A  coffin  was  made  by  the  settlers  l)y  splitting  a  log 
lengthAvise  and  hollowing  it  out,  using  one  part  as  the  body  of  the 
coffin  and  the  other  jiart  the  lid.  Ry  these  kind  but  strange  hands 
a  grave  was  dug  ujion  the  bank  of  the  river  beneath  the  boughs  of  a 
young  iiickory  tree  and  the  l)ody  of  Mr.  ^^'inans  placed  therein. 
L^])on  the  trunk  of  the  tree  the  letters  "P.  W."  were  cut  and  are  vis- 
ible to  this  day.  They  made  a  mistake  in  the  initial  of  his  given 
name,  in  making  it  "P"  instead  of  'OL" 

.4  Trddiin/  Erpcrllfion. — Harvey  Tj.  Ross  in  his  youthful  davs  was 
fond  of  hunting  and  trading  with  the  Indians.  When  l)ut 
seven  years  of  age  he  had  killed  wild  turkeys,  geese  and  small  game 
of  almost  everv  kind,  and  at  twelve  thoui^ht  nothini>-  of  killing;  a 
deer.  He  says  he  also  remembei-s  catching  twelve  wolves  in  less 
than  a  month  in  steel-tra])S  ])laced  near  a  dead  horse.  He  relates 
some  incidents  of  the  first  trading  expedition  in  which  he  was  en- 
gaged, which  occurred  in  1828.  He  started  from  I^ewistown  in 
company  with  Eldward  Plude,  a  Frenchman  and  Indian  interpreter, 
and  "Rill"  Elveland,  son  of  John  Eveland  spoken  of  elsewhere  in 
this  volume.  P^veland  was  a  large,  powerful  man,  well  ac([uainted 
with  the  country  and  familiar  with  the  Indian  character.  They 
loaded  a  two-horse  wagon,  at  Lewistown,  with  goods  and  traveled 
through  what  is  now  known  as  Knox  and  Peoria  counties,  where 
they  found  a  large  number  of  Indians  and  traded  their  goods  to  ad- 
vantage. They  returned  home  with  their  wagon  loaded  with  furs 
and  deerskins.  They  were  gone  three  weeks  and  had  traveled  about 
one  hundred  and  fiftv  miles,  meeting:  onlv  with  two  white  settlers 
after  leaving  the  neighborhood  of  Canton. 

Frightened  by  Indians. — In  speaking  of  Indians  Mr.  Ross  tells  us 
he  cannot  remember  of  ever  being  frightened  by  the  Indians  but 
once.     In  1825,  when  but  eight  years  of  age,  his  father  sent  him  to 


HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    rOUXTY.  205 

an  old  shoemaker  by  the  name  of  Stephen  Meeker,  livino-  about  four 
miles  east  of  Lewistown,  to  have  some  work  done.  In  coming  home 
with  a  sack  of  shoes  across  his  horse,  and  when  he  had  traveled 
about  half  the  distance  along-  the  little  path  through  heavy  timber  and 
thick  underbrush,  he  came  suddeidy  upon  live  or  six  redskins,  who 
were  sitting  upon  the  ground.  One  of  the  Indians  jum])ed  up  and 
made  a  grab  at  his  bridle  reins,  l)ut  young  Ross  turned  his  horse 
(piickly  around;  and  giving  him  a  cut  with  his  whip,  hurried  back 
to  Meeker's  and  related  his  story.  Meeker  at  once  took  down  his 
rifle,  loaded  it,  and  cutting  a  hickory  club,  went  back  with  him. 
When  the  Indians  saw^  Meeker  with  his  rifle  and  club  they  com- 
menced to  apologize,  stating  that  they  were  not  going  to  hurt  the 
bov.  They  had  been  to  Lewnstown  to  trade  and  had  been  drinking, 
and  ])robaV>ly  only  desired  to  see  what  was  in  the  sack  and  scare  the 
voung  traveler. 

The  earlv  recollections  of  Mr.  Koss  are  many  indeed,  and  his  ex- 
perience in  pioneer  life  in  Fulton  county  was  proliably  greater  than 
that  of  any  man  now  living.  He  remembers  partaking  of  a  piece 
of  fat  bear,  in  1(S29,  killecl  by  Andrew  Laswell  near  the  present 
town  of  Cuba. 

Thv  Battle  of  ^la/oni/'.^  Fcrri/.  —  The  advance  guard  of  civilization, 
those  fearless  persons  who  boldly  strike  into  the  Avildness  of  a 
new  conntrv  aixl  open  the  road  for  the  sturdy  settlers,  encounter 
hardship'^  and  dangers  which  can  but  faintly  be  pictured  in  word- 
painting.  Those  who  first  came  into  this  county  met  the  red  man 
in  his  wigwam  or  on  the  chase.  Indeed,  Indians  were  numerous  for 
many  years  after  the  county  was  settled,  and,  although  friendly, 
were  often  quite  troub]esom(\ 

In  1828,  about  the  middle  of  May,  John  Walters,  Norman  Scho- 
field,  Edward  Stocking,  Simon  Kelsey,  and  an  old  man  by  the  name 
of  Ensign,  came  up  the  Illinois  on  their  little  river  craft  to  Malony's 
ferrv  at  the  mouth  of  Spoon  river.  They  brought  with  them  from 
St.  Louis  a  barrel  of  whisky  for  Mr.  Malony,  the  accommodat- 
ing gentleman  who  carried  the  pilgrims  over  the  Illinois  at  that 
point,  ^\lliskv,  it  must  be  remembered,  was  considered  an  indis- 
j)ensable  article  for  the  household  and  the  most  desirable  and  ])rofit- 
able  commodity  for  tavern-kee])ers.  Then,  as  now,  however,  it  was 
a  source  of  no  little  trouble  and  many  bruised  heads.  The  men 
landed  at  the  ferry  but  found  no  one  there.  Mr.  Malony  and  his 
sons  were  back  in  the  timber  cutting  wood.  They  rolled  the  barrel 
of  li(pi(tr  upon  the  ferryboat,  left  it  and  started  overland  for  Lewis- 
town.  After  proceeding  abont  a  mile  and  a  half  from  the  ferry 
William  Nichols  came  running  after  them  for  help.  No  sooner  had 
the  barreLof  whisky  been  landed  and  the  little  band  departed,  than 
twenty-six  or  'seven  Indians  w^ere  attracted  to  it,  by  its  fumes 
we  suppose;  any  way,  just  as  Malony  appeared  u])on  the  scene  from 
the  timber  he  found  his  barrel  of  whisky  standing  on  end  with  two 
or  three  stalwart  braves  making  a  desperate  effort  to  break  in  the 


20()  HISTORY    OF    FUT/rON    COTXTV. 

head.  A  score  of  anxious  redskins  stood  around  jubilant  over  the  rich 
bootv  they  had  found.  Malony  could  do  nothing  more  than  give 
them  all  to  drink.  A  band  of  drunken  Indians  are  the  most  des- 
])crate  and  uncontrollable  of  all  beings.  The  worst  wa<  feared  and 
therefore  Nichols  had  been  sent  to  obtain  hel]).  The  squaws  antici- 
pated trouble  and  hurriedly  secreted  all  of  their  guns.  The  men,  five 
in  number,  —  although  Mr.  Ensign,  who  wore  spectacles  owing  to  his 
short-sightedness,  was  feeble  and  could  do  but  little,  —  all  started 
back  for  the  ferry  with  their  canes  in  their  hands  ready  for  an  emer- 
gencv.  Schofield  could  speak  the  Indian  language,  and  on  their  ar- 
rival at  the  ferry  told  the  Indians  to  leave.  This  enraged  them,  and 
thev  swore  bitterly  at  the  whites  and  told  them  to  leave.  At  this 
Schofield,  fearless  of  consequences,  knocked  the  leading  speaker  down. 
This  was  the  signal  for  the  fray  to  begin,  and  every  man  went  to 
knocking  right  and  left  with  his  cane.  The  Indians  were  "  pretty 
full,"  but  the  eifects  of  the  liquor  had  not  fully  reached  the  brain. 
The  whites  fi)ught  their  multiplied  foe  with  great  desperation.  Some 
vears  previous  Kelsey  had  l)een  shot  in  the  knee,  and  when  he  Avould 
exercise  it  hard  it  would  give  down.  He  was  in  great  danger  and 
started  to  run  to  save  himself,  but  fell,  overtaken  by  two  drunken 
redskins.  Walters,  who  was  oft*  some  distance,  Avas  attracted  by  the 
cries  of  Kelsey,  He  saw  one  of  the  braves  with  knife  in  hand  reach- 
to  thrust  his  victim  through.  He  was  fieet  of  foot  and  daslied  to- 
ward the  trio,  and  just  as  the  drunken  savage  raised  his  knife  fi)r  its 
deadly  work  he  struck  him  over  the  head  with  iiis  cane,  knocking 
him  down  and  thus  savinir  the  life  of  Kelsev.  In  doiiiii'  this,  how- 
ever,  he  placed  himself  in  danger,  for  in  striking  the  Indian  his 
cane  flew  from  his  hands.  Seeing  this  the  other  Indian  took  after 
him.  Walters  proved  the  fleetest  runner  and  widened  the  distance 
between  them.  While  running  up  a  hill  he  gathered  up  a  stone 
which  he  hurled  at  his  ])ursuer  with  such  force  and  accuracy  as  to 
"  fetch  his  head  and  knees  togetiier."  This  gave  him  an  opportunity 
ttt  run  back  after  his  cane,  which  he  took  advantage  of  and  secured 
his  trusty  weapon.  The  battle  was  short  but  fierce,  and  the  whites 
proved  the  victors.  Mr.  Walters  tells  us  that  his  brother  William, 
an  old  and  respected  settler  of  this  county,  who  died  only  recently, 
wore  that  very  cane  for  fi)rty  years.  For  years  it  bore  the  marks  r(>- 
ceived  when  it  struck  doAvn  the  brutal  savage  who  was  about  to 
end  Kelsey's  life.  This  was  the  kind  of  a  reception  these  gentlemen 
received  ujion  their  introduction  into  Fulton  county. 

Trouble  in  Scftliii;/  f/ic  MUitury  Tract. — The  "^lilitary  Tract"  com- 
prises all  the  land  between  the  Illinois  and  the  Mississippi  rivers 
south  of  the  north  line  of  Bureau  and  Henry  counties.  It  is  so 
called  because  much  of  it  was  "jiatented"  by  Government,  in  quar- 
ter sections,  to  soldiers  of  the  war  of  1812.  There  was  scarcely  a 
soldier  in  that  early  day  who  counted  his  land  of  much  value,  and 
ever  thought  to  occupy  it  himself;  but  inunigrants  came  in,  entered 
Government  lands  and  squatted  on  "patent"  or  military  land,  im- 


Sp^^i^v. 


J,  /(./^<Y^ll 


DECEASED 
CANTON 


■■ILil/MI    t 


OF  THE 

'^^■inniTY  OF  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  209 

proved  it,  and  thus  rendered  it  valual)le.  Tt  Avas  seldom  that  a 
'•patentee"  could  be  found  at  tlie  time  of  settlement,  and  many  of 
the  early  settlers  presumed  that  the  owner  never  would  be  known ; 
but  in  manv  instances,  after  a  patent  quarter-section  Avas  made  val- 
uable by  improvement,  the  orio:inal  patent  would  be  brought  on  by 
some  one,  Avho  would  oust  the  occupant  and  take  possession,  some- 
times paying  him  something  for  his  improvements  and  sometimes 
not.  Manv  holders  of  patents  had  no  pity.  This  condition  of  af- 
fairs presented  a  temptation  to  merciless  ''land-sharks,"  who  would 
come  into  this  section  and  work  uj)  cases,  ostensibly  for  the  original 
patentees,  but  really  for  their  own  pockets.  The  most  notorious  of 
these  was  one  Toliver  Craig,  who  actually  made  it  a  business  to 
forge  patents  and  deeds.  This  he  carried  on  extensively  from  1847 
to  1854,  especially  in  Knox  and  Fulton  counties.  He  had  40  bogus 
deeds  put  on  record  in  one  day  at  Knoxville.  He  was  arrested  in 
New  York  State  in  1854,  by  O.  M.  Boggess  of  Monmouth,  and 
taken  to  the  jail  at  Cincinnati,  Ohio,  where  he  attempted  suicide  by- 
arsenic  ;  but  at  the  end  of  a  year  he  was  released  on  bail. 

When  the  Military  Tract  was  laid  off  into  counties,  most  of  them 
were  named  in  honor  of  the  military  heroes  of  the  nation,  mostly 
of  the  war  of  181*2  ;  but  Fulton  county,  the  largest  one  in  the 
Military  Tract,  was  not  christened  in  honor  of  a  soldier-hero.  Its 
name  is  not  a  symbol  of  blood- and  battle.  It  is  true  that  our  na- 
tion was  born  in  blood  and  saved  by  blood,  and  the  memoiy  of 
those  brave  heroes  should  be  commemorated;  l)ut  there  are  other 
illustrious  heroes,  who  knew  not  \var,  e(|ually  deserving.  Among 
these  stand  in  the  front  the  great  inventive  genius,  Robert  Fulton, 
in  honor  of  whom  Fulton  county  was  named.  We  deem  it  fitting 
to  give  a  brief  personal  sketch  of  this  gentleman,  whose  name  this 
county  wears. 

Robert  Fulton  was  born  near  Lancaster,  in  Pennsylvania,  in  1765. 
His  father,  an  Irish  tailor,  came  to  this  country  in  early  life,  and 
soon  retired  to  a  farm  in  Lancaster  county.  The  father  of  Benjamin 
West,  the  celebrated  artist,  and  the  father  of  Robert  Fulton  were 
neighbors  and  warm  friends.  At  the  age  of  twenty-one  Rob- 
ert left  home  and  sailed  for  England  to  seek  instruction  from  Benja- 
min AVest.  He  remained  with  liim  for  several  years  ;  but,  although 
an  excellent  draughtsman,  a  good  colorist,  and  a  diligent  workman, 
he  had  not  the  artist's  imagination  or  temperament.  His  mind  was 
mechanical ;  he  loved  to  contrive,  to  invent,  to  construct ;  and  we 
find  him,  accordingly,  withdrawing  from  art  and  busying  himself 
more  and  more  with  mechanics,  until  at  length  he  adopted  the 
profession  of  civil  engineering.  Robert  Fulton  was  not  the  in- 
ventor of  the  steam-boat.  It  is,  nevertheless,  to  his  knowledge  of 
mechanics,  and  to  his  resolution  and  perseverance,  that  the  world  is 
indebted  for  the  final  triumph  of  that  invention.  His  attention  was 
called  to  the  subject  by  the  operations  of  John  Fitch,  the  inventor 
of  the  steam-boat,  in  1785.     Next,  fifteen  years  later,  Fulton  visit- 

14 


210 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY, 


ted  a  steam-boat  in  Scotland.  He  then  fell  in  Avith  Chancellor  Liv- 
ingston, American  minister  to  France,  and  constructed  a  boat  and 
propelled  it  by  steam  upon  the  Seine  in  France.  This  was  not  a 
success.  He  then  returned  to  Xew  York  and  built  the  famous 
Clermont.  On  Monday,  Sept.  10,  1807,  he  left  New  York  for  Al- 
bany on  his  famous  trial  trip.  He  was  laughed  at  and  jeered,  but 
at  one  o'clock  the  Clermont  moved  from  the  dock,  vomiting  smoke 
and  sparks  from  her  pine-wood  fires.  She  reached  Albanv  Wednes- 
day at  five  o'clock.  Returning  immediately  to  New  York,  she  made 
the  trip  in  thirty  hours, —  exactly  five  miles  an  hour.  Fulton  devot- 
ed the  rest  of  his  life  to  the  improvement  of  the  steam-boat,  and 
lived  to  see  his  labors  universally  recognized,  and  acquired  a  consid- 
erable fortune.  He  died  Feb.  24,  1815,  aged  fifty  years,  and  his 
remains  were  consigned  to  Trinitv  Church  vard  in  the  eitv  of  New 
York. 


CHAPTER  II. 

EARLY  SETTLEMENT.— CONTINUED. 

Early  Preachers. — Je.sse  Williams  and  Peter  Cartwright  were 
among  the  earliest  preachers  of  the  county.  John  M.  Ellis  was, 
however,  not  much  if  at  all  behind  them  in  paying  attention  to  this 
field.  There  were  in  the  vicinity  of  Canton  a  good  many  Regular 
Baptists,  who  organized  a  church  in  the  Eveland  neighborhood  at 
quite  an  early  day,  probably  before,  certainly  not  later  than,  1825. 
We  take  the  following  from  Canton  History : 

"James  Tatum,  one  of  their  pioneer  preachers,  used  to  edify  his 
congregation  by  relating  his  call  to  preach,  in  the  words  and  figures 
that  follow,  to  wit : 

"'My  dearly  beloved  brethering-ah  and  sisters-ah,  my  blessed 
master-ah  has  called  me  to  dispense  his  everlasting  gospel-ah. 
For  one  night-ah,  in  a  vision,  in  a  vision  of  the  night-ah,  I 
dreamed-ah  that  I  had  swallowed  a  stiflF-tongued  four-horse  wagon 
-ah,  and  me  thought-ah  that  the  tongue  of  the  wagon-ah  was 
a  stickin'  out  of  my  mouth-ah,  and  the  chains  were  hanging  down 
beside  my  chin-ah,  and  the  chains  were  a  rattlin'-ah,  and  the 
tongue  was  a  waggin'-ah ;  and  my  beloved  brethering-ah  and  sis- 
ters-ah, I  knowed  that  God  had  called  me  to  preach  his  everlasting 
gospel-ah ;  and  I'm  a-goin'  to  preach  it-ah  until  the  day  that 
I  die-ah. 

"  The  same  preacher  exemplified  the  doctrine  of  '  once  in  grace, 
always  in  grace',  in  this  wise: 

"'My  dear  brethering  and  sisters-ah,  when  a  -soul  is  once  con- 
verted-ah,  it  allers  stays  converted-ah.  Its  just  like  me  the  other 
day-ah.  I  was  going  to  Canton-ah,  and  as  I  rid  past  old  Mr. 
Eggers-ah,  old  sister  Eggers  ran  out-ah,  and  she  hollered,  '  Broth- 
er Tatum-ah,  won't  you  take  a  coon-skin  to  town-ah,  and  sell  it 
and  buy  me  a  plug  of  smokin'  terbacker-ah  ? '  And  I  said,  '  Sartiu, 
sister  Eggers-ah ; '  and  I  took  the  coon-skin-ah,  and  when  I 
got  to  town  I  tried  to  sell  it  to  Joel  Wright-ah,  but  he  said  coon- 
skins  wern't  of  much  account  now-ah,  and  he  wouldn't  buy  it-ah  ; 
so  I  took  it  to  Mr.  Stillman-ah,  and  he  wouldn't  buy  it  ueither-ah ; 
then  I  tried  to  give  it  to  Mr.  Stillman-ah,  and  he  wouldn't  have  it 
-ah,  and  then  I  took  it  back  to  Joel  Wright-ah,  and  tried  to  give 
it  to  hini-ah,  but  he  wouldn't  have  it  neither-ah.     So    I    bought 


212  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

sister  Eggers  a  plug  of  terbacker-ah,  and  tied  the  coon-skin  to  my 
saddle-ah,  a  thinkin'  for  to  lose  it-ah,  and  I  started  for  to  go  back 
-ah,  and  when  I  got  most  back  to  sister  Eggers-ah,  I  heard  some- 
body behind  me  a  hoUerin',  "Mr.  Tatum-ah,  Mr.  Tatum-ah ;"  and 
mv  brethering  and  sisters-ah,  when  I  looked  back-ah,  I  seed  a 
man  a  comin'-ah  with  that  very  coon-skin  in  his  haud-ah,  a 
hollerin'  "  Mr,  Tatum-ah^  you've  lost  your  coon-skin-ah."  And  so 
mv  brethering  and  sisters-ah,  it  is  with  religion ;  you  can't  sell  it- 
ah,  vou  can't  give  it  away -ah,  and  you  can't  lose  it.'" 

fraininy  Day. — The  following  graphic  account  of  the  first  train- 
ing Harrison  P.  Fellows  witnessed  in  Illinois  is  but  a  picture  of 
others,  and  will  illustrate  the  scenes  of  training  day  much  better 
than  we  could  describe  them.  AVe  take  the  stor^',  as  furnished  by 
Mr.  Fellows,  from  the  Canton  History. 

"  It  Avas  in  the  summer  of  1830,  we  had  just  moved  to  the  coun- 
trv,  and  my  father,  Hiram  Fe}lows,  had  rented  part  of  Captain 
Haacke's  house.  I  soon  found  out  in  some  way  that  Haacke  was 
a  captain  of  a  militia  company  ;  and  as  I  had  some  knowledge  of 
militia  captains  in  Xew  York,  where  we  came  from,  I  was  tilled 
with  an  intense  awe  of  the  Captain.  One  day  I  mustered  up  cour- 
age to  ask  him  if  I  might  see  them  muster  some  time,  and  received 
akiud  and  cordial  invitation  to  accompany  him  to  the  next  training. 
I  was  in  ecstasies,  and  looked  forward  with  great  anxiety  to  the  ex- 
pected day.  It  came  at  last,  and  the  Captain  notified  me  to  be  ready 
by  the  time  he  was.  I  ran  into  our  part  of  the  house,  and,  I  tell 
vou,  it  was  but  a  short  job  for  me  to  wash,  change  my  shirt,  comb 
my  hair,  and  make  my  appearance  in  the  front  yard  to  await  the 
coming  of  the  Captain  and  his  regimentals.  I  did  not  venture  to 
go  into  Haacke's  part  of  the  house,  but  timidly  peeped  through  a 
crack  in  the  door,  to  get  a  sight  at  the  gorgeous  trappings  with 
which,  I  had  no  doubt,  he  would  be  arraying  himself.  It  is  said 
that  great  men  never  appear  well  at  their  toilet,  and  I  must  have 
verified  the  observation,  as  I  remember  going  back  to  mother  tell- 
ing her  I  guess  Captain  Haacke  was  not  much  of  a  captain  after 
all ;  any  how  he  did  not  dress  up  like  one. 

"  In  due  time  the  Captain  presented  himself  in  readines-;  for  the 
parade-ground.  Let  me  try  to  describe  his  dress.  On  his  head  he 
wore  a  hat  of  home-braided  wheat  straw,  the  braid  was  notched  and 
the  crown  round.  There  was  a  band  around  it  of  red  calico,  with 
loose  ends  several  inches  in  length  floating  in  the  breeze.  His  coat 
was  made  of  homespun  blue  jeans,  cut  long  in  the  skirts, — so  long, 
indeed,  I  fancied  that  he  was  in  danger  of  throwing  himself,  by 
stepping  on  his  own  coat-tail.  This  coat  was  closely  buttoned  be- 
fore with  old-fashioned  brass  buttons,  placed  at  intervals  of  perhaps 
two  inches  apart.  The  collar  was  short,  stiff  and  standing,  the  up- 
per end  resting  under  his  broad  hearty  jaws,  thus  keeping  his  head 
proudly  erect.  His  pantaloons  were  of  the  same  homespum  mate- 
rial, cut  very  wide  in  the  legs^  and  corresijondingly  short.    He  wore 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  213 

no  socks,  and  I  noticed  that  his  pantaloons  and  ^stogas'  did  not 
break  joints  by  abont  six  inches.  The  'stogas'  aforesaid  were  his 
crowning  glory.  They  were  built  of  cowhide,  very  wide  in  the 
heels.  Very  broad  in  the  toes,  and  of  considerable  length.  They 
were  tied  with  buckskin  whangs,  while  the  huge  counters  were 
sewed  to  the  quarters  with  other  whangs,  perhaps  from  the  same  de- 
funct deer.  It  had  rained  the  day  previous,  and  the  shoes  had  be- 
come covered  to  a  considerable  depth  with  clay ;  they  had  then 
been  dried  in  the  sun,  until  their  deep  wrinkles  were  hard  as  bone. 
Mrs.  Haacke  had  that  morning  undertaken  the  task  of  cleaning  and 
greasinp;  them.  I  cannot  sav  that  her  efforts  had  been  entirelv  sue- 
cessful,  as  particles  of  yellow  clay  were  interspersed  with  unmelted 
hog's  lard,  over  their  broad  surface. 

"  The  Captain  held  in  his  hand  a  formidable-looking  sword,  en- 
cased in  a  leathern  scabbard.  I  noticed  hair  on  the  hilt,  and,  as  at 
that  time  I  was  not  so  familiar  with  natural  history  as  I  have  since 
become,  I  could  not  tell  whether  it  was  human  hair  or  hog  bristles. 
The  discovery  filled  me  with  a  due  appreciation  of  the  Captain's 
ferocity;  so  much  so,  indeed,  that  I  followed  him  with  some  misgiv- 
ings, and  at  a  respectful  distance ;  when  he  would  look  back  over 
his  shoulder  to  see  if  1  was  keeping  up,  I  would  stop  and  tremble, 
until  his  face  was  turned  in  a  forward  direction  again. 

"  On  our  arrival  at  Holcomb's,  we  found  the  company  waiting 
for  the  Captain.  He  strode  into  the  house  with  all  the  pomp  and 
circumstance  of  glorious  warfare,  and  I  could  see  that  by  his  bear- 
ing he  was  making  an  impression  upon  his  subordinates  that  must 
be  conducive  to  good  discipline.  I  ventured  to  peep  into  the  cabin, 
to  get  a  glimpse  of  CJaptain  Haacke's  staff,  and  noticed  that  he  was 
the  best  dressed,  and  by  no  means   the  worst-looking  of  the  ]iarty. 

"The  Captain  now  ordered  Orderly-Sergeant  Seth  Hilton  to  mus- 
ter the  company  and  call  the  roll.  This  order  was  obeyed  with  due 
formality,  and  so  reported,  when  the  Captain  made  his  appearance 
before  his  men.  I  noticed  at  the  time  that  he  had  buckled  on  his 
sword.  His  sword  belt  was  a  strip  of  raw  calf-skin,  perhaps  two 
inches  in  width,  with  the  hair  on,  hair-side  out.  The  buckle  was  of 
iron,  of  the  width  of  the  strap,  and  had,  I  had  no  doul)t,  been  taken 
off  some  cow-bell  strap;  to  this  belt  the  sword  was  attached  by  a 
buckskin  whang.  The  scabbard  hung  loose,  and,  to  prevent  its  get- 
ting tangled  among  his  legs,  he  had  grasped  its  lower  third  in  his 
left  hand,  while  the  right  held  the  hilt.  The  Captain  stood  for  one 
moment  in  front  of  the  company  in  dignified  silence;  looking  up 
and  down  the  living  line,  he  raised  his  voice  to  a  tone  of  command 
and  shouted,  '  Company,  halt ! '  This  order  was  obeyed.  The  next  or- 
der was  given  in  a  lower  tone  to  the  Orderly,  and  was  :  '  Seth,  I 
reckon  the  boys  are  a  gittin'  dry ;  you  come  in  with  me  an  we'll  see 
what  can  be  done.'  The  Captain  now  disappeared  into  the  house, 
followed  by  Hilton.  They  soon  re-appeared,  Hilton  bearing  in  his 
hands  an  old-fashioned  wooden-handled  '  piggin,'  which  held  per- 


214  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

haps  a  gallon  and  a  half  of  Holcomb's  whisky.  Hilton  was  ordered 
to  commence  at  the  head  of  the  line  and  pass  the  '  piggin/  which 
contained,  in  addition  to  the  'fluid  courage/  three  small  gourds  as 
drinking  cups.  '  Officers,  don't  you  drink  out  of  the  '  piggin, ' ' 
shouted  Haacke.  '  You  come  this  way.  I'll  'tend  to  you.'  The 
officers  seemed  to  manifest  no  disposition  toward  insubordination, 
but  followed  their  commander  to  the  rear  of  the  corn-cril),  when  he 
proceeded  to  unbutton  his  coat  and  draw  from  an  inside  pocket  a 
gourd  that  would  hold  perhaps  a  quart.  This  gourd  was  bottle- 
shaped,  with  the  end  of  the  neck  cut  off  smooth,  and  a  corn-cob  stop- 
per. '  Here,  boys,  don't  you  see  I've  got  a  little  something  nice 
for  us  officers?  "  Oh,  my  stomach ! '  said  the  Captain,  as  he  handed 
it  around  to  the  evident  satisfaction  of  the  heroic  band  who  sur- 
rounded him. 

"  After  this  performance  had  concluded,  the  serious  work  of  drill 
commenced,  and  I  soon  saw  that  Captain  Haacke  was  quite  pro- 
ficient in  tactics.  At  one  time  during  the  day  the  Captain's  shoes 
began  to  hurt  his  feet,  and  he  ordered  the  company  to  '  Hold  on,  boys, 
till  I  sret  off  these  cussed  shoes.' 

''During  the  day  Captain  Saunders  brought  his  company  on  the 
ground  from  his  house,  several  miles  further  down  the  Lewistown 
road.  He  said  they  had  run  out  of  whisky  at  his  house,  and  hear- 
ing Holcomb  had  a  barrel,  had  concluded  it  would  be  best  'just  to 
march  the  boys  up,  you  see.     Oh,  my  stomach  ! '  " 

A  FEW  FIEST   THINGS. 

First  Election.  —  The  first  election  held  in  Fulton  county,  which 
embraced  all  of  the  northern  part  of  the  State  at  that  time  (1823), 
was  a  very  exciting  one.  It  was  a  contest  between  North  and  South 
Fulton.  "OssianM.  Ross  and  William  Eads  were  candidates  for 
for  the  office  of  Sheriff.  The  latter  lived  at  Ft.  Clark  ( now  Peoria), 
and  represented  Xorth  Fulton.  The  only  settlements  within  the 
boundary  of  the  county  at  that  time  were  one  near  the  present  town 
of  Rushville,  at  Lewistown,  Canton,  Ft.  Clark  and  Chicago.  Lew- 
istown was  the  county-seat  and  the  largest  town  in  the  county,  and 
the  only  place  where  elections  were  held.  The  voters  at  that  time 
came  from  Ft.  Clark  down  the  Illinois  river,  a  distance  of  fifty  miles, 
in  canoes ;  then  up  Spoon  river  ten  miles  ;  then  on  foot  through  the 
woods  six  miles  to  Lewistown,  to  deposit  their  ballots,  bringing  their 
whisky  with  them,  without  which  it  was  thought  impossible  to  trav- 
el or  properly  exercise  the  rights  of  American  citizens.  Many  of 
those  from  the  south  part  of  the  county  came  a  distance  of  thirty 
miles. 

At  this  election  there  were  thirty-five  votes  cast.  There  were  on- 
ly thirty-three  legitimate  voters  who  visited  the  polls ;  but  Eads,  as 
he  came  down  the  Illinois  with  his  sixteen  voters  from  Xorth  Ful- 
ton, met  two  bachelors  at  "Town  Site"  (now  Pekin,  Tazewell 
county,  then  in  Sangamon  county)  and  "  colonized  "  them,  thus  giv- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  215 

ing  him  a  majority  over  Ross.  Every  available  man  was  mustered 
by  Ross,  even  the  hermit,  Dr.  Davison,  yet  he  lacked  two  votes  in 
order  to  beat  Eads.  The  following  year,  however,  Ross  found  no  dif- 
ficulty in  being  elected  to  this  position  over  Mr.  Eads. 

First  Officials. — The  first  County  Commissioners  were  David  W. 
Barnes,  Joseph  Moffatt  and  Thomas  R.  Covell. 

The  first  Sheriff  was  William  Eads. 

The  first  County  and  Circuit  Clerk  was  Hugh  R.  Colter. 

The  first  County  Treasurer  was  Thomas  L.  Ross.  John  Eveland 
was  appointed  first,  but  declined  the  office  when  Mr.  Ross  was  ap- 
pointed. 

The  first  Surveyor  was  John  N.  Ross, 

The  first  Coroner  was  William  Clark. 

The  first  Postmaster  in  the  county  was  Ossian  M.  Ross. 

The  first  Assessor  was  Thomas  L.  Ross. 

First  Foiirth-of-JuIy  Celebration.  —  The  first  celebration  of  our 
national  independence  in  Fulton  county  was  held  in  18*23.  The 
celebration  was  held  in  Lewistown  on  the  knoll  north  of  the  Metho- 
dist Church  edifice ;  Ossian  M.  Ross  was  the  orator  of  the  occasion, 
Captain  David  W.  Barnes  was  marshal  of  the  day ;  John,  Jacob  and 
Enos  Jewell  furnished  the  music.  The  two  former  played  the 
drums  and  the  latter  the  fife.  They  did  not  have  the  stars  and 
stripes  to  display,  but  they  nevertheless  had  a  liberty  pole.  F(n- 
this  they  secured  a  tall  hickory  tree,  trimmed  it  and  peeled  the  ba  k, 
and  left  it  standing  in  its  original  place.  For  a  flag  to  display 
from  its  top  a  hat  of  Mr.  Ross'  was  substituted.  This  was  a  showy 
hat,  being  surmounted  by  two  large  plumes,  and  a  cockade  upon  it. 
Mr.  Ross  wore  this  hat  when  a  Major  under  General  Scott  in  the 
war  of  1812.  It  was  placed  upon  the  top  of  the  pole  by  W^illiam 
Ennis,  and  all  joined  in  cheering  the  glorious  Fourth  and  drinking 
egg-nog.  Logs  were  felled  for  seats  and  there  were  about  thirty 
men,  women  and  children  in  attendance,  many  of  whom  were  bare- 
foot. The  whites  had  their  celebration  during  the  day,  and  seem- 
ingly ignored  the  Indians,  who  were  not  to  be  denied  a  glorious 
time.  In  the  evening  the  Pottawatomies  to  the  number  of  a  hun- 
dred or  more  assembled  at  the  same  place  and  had  a  grand  war 
dance.  Thus  closed  the  first  Fourth-of-July  celebration  of  Ful- 
ton county. 

First  Grain  JRaised. — The  first  wheat  raised  in  Fulton  county  was 
in  1823,  by  O.  M.  Ross.  It  had  to  be  cut  with  a  sickle  or  reaping- 
hook,  and  threshed  with  a  flail,  winnowed  with  a  sheet,  ground  in  a 
horse-mill,  and  bolted  with  a  hand  bolt.  Mr.  Ross  also  raised  the 
first  ten  acres  of  corn.  The  truck  wagon  was  the  principal  one  used 
in  the  first  settlement  of  the  countv.  Thev  have  been  known  to  do 
good  service  on  a  farm  for  several  years,  and  there  was  not  a  pound 
of  iron  or  a  nail  used  in  their  construction. 

First  School. —  Hugh  R.  Colter  taught  the  first  school  ever  taught 
in  Fulton  countv.     The  school-house,  which  stood  about  where  the 


216  HISTOEY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Circuit  and  County  Clerks'  offices  now  stand,  was  built  of  round 
logs,  provided  with  a  mud  chimney,  and  puncheons  for  floor,  seats 
and.  writing-desks,  and  oil-paper  for  Avindow  glass.  Those  who  are 
livino;  that   attended   this  school  are    Mrs.   Steel,   of   Canton,   for- 

O  7  7 

merly  Miss  Ross,  ]\Irs.  Howard  (Putman)  Martin,  Hon.  Lewis  "SV. 
Ross,  Harvey  L.  Ross  and  Henry  Andrews. 

First  Steam-hont. — The  first  steam-boat  to  run  up  the  Illinois 
river  was  the  "Liberty."  Harvey  L.  Ross  was  a  passenger  on 
board.  It  was  commanded  by  Captain  Samuel  Bailey,  one  of  the 
proprietors  of  Pekin,  and  a  co-commander  with  Gen.  Stillman  of 
this  county  during  the  Black  Hawk  war.  This  boat  was  advertised 
to  run  "  from  St.  Louis  to  Peoria,  touching  all  intermediate  ports." 
It  landed  at  Havana,  then  nothing  but  a  ferry  crossing,  and  at  Pe- 
kin, which  at  that  time  was  known,  from  its  fine  location,  as  "  Town 
Site."  A  steam-boat  was  a  novelty,  and  even  a  mystery,  to  many 
of  the  early  settlers.  Coming  up  the  river  the  boat  passed  Kings- 
ton in  the  night.  Hugh  Barr,  who  lived  near  that  point,  heard  it 
coming,  and  being  on  rather  unfriendly  terms  with  the  Indians,  then 
quite  numerous  in  the  vicinity,  concluded  that  it  was  some  infernal 
contrivance  of  theirs  to  frighten  or  harm  him.  Seizing  his  gun  and 
setting  his  equally  bewildered  dog  at  it,  he  pursued  the  offi-nding 
mystery.  The  pilot,  not  being  familiar  with  the  channel,  ran  into 
Clifton's  lake,  and  finding  no  outlet,  he  had  to  back  the  boat  out. 
Barr,  witnessing  this,  drew  oif  his  dog,  and,  though  still  hugely 
puzzled  to  know  what  manner  of  craft  it  was,  gave  up  pursuit. 
William  Haines,  who  lived  at  Pekin,  hearing  the  puif  of  the  escap- 
ing steam,  hastily  left  his  bed,  and,  half  dressed,  crossed  the  street  to 
Thomas  Snell's,  now  the  Bemis  House,  called  neighbor  Snell  out  of 
bed,  and  inquired  as  to  what  manner  of  creature  was  coming  up  the 
river.  Snell  replied :  ''  I  don't  know.  Bill ;  but  if  I  was  on  the 
Ohio  river  I  would  think  it  was  a  steam-coat."  Old  Jacob  Tharp, 
hearing  the  noise  of  the  paddles  and  the  steam  whistle,  thought  it 
was  Gabriel  blowing  his  horn  ;  that  sure  enough  the  end  of  the 
world  had  come  in  the  night ;  and  calling  up  his  family,  engaged  in 
prayer  as  a  fitting  preparation  for  the  advent  of  a  higher  and  better 
life. 

The  First  Turning-Lathe. — The  first  turning-lathe  in  Canton  and 
perhaps  in  the  county  was  owned  and  operated  by  Deacon  Xathan 
Jones.  It  was  a  S])ring-pole  lathe,  with  the  cord  wound  around  the 
stick  to  be  turned,  in  such  a  manner  t»hat  the  stick  ran  half  the  time 
one  way  and  half  the  time  the  other.  Upon  this  lathe  the  deacon 
turned  his  chair-stuif.  This  lathe  was  a  part  of  the  outfit  of  the 
first  chair-maker's  shop  in  Canton.  It  is  related  of  the  deacon, 
while  engaged  in  this  shop,  that  on  one  occasion  he  had  carried  a  lot 
of  chair-stufi'  into  the  kitchen  to  season  by  the  kitchen  fire.  The 
deacon  had  neglected  to  provide  Aunt  Matilda  —  his  wife  —  with 
wood,  and  this  neglect  had  so  excited  the  old  lady's  ire  that  she 
siezed  and  burnt  an  armfiil  of  chair-runsrs.     The  deacon  stood  and 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  217 

contemplated  the  destruction  of  his  chair-rungs  in  solemn  silence 
for  some  moments.  As  the  flames  began  to  curl  around  them,  the 
deacon's  lips  })arted,  and  his  hand  Avas  raised,  not  in  anger,  but  in 
sadness.  He  tipped  his  hat  to  one  side  with  the  uplifted  hand,  and 
exclaimed,  "  Matilda,  I  wish  you  were  in  heaven  !"  And  this,  it  is 
recorded,  was  the  most  nearly  an  oath  the  good  old  man  had  ever 
allowed  to  escape  his  lips. 

First  Mills. — Ossian  M.  Ross  built  the  first  horse-mill,  Jacob 
Ellis  built  the  first  water-mill.  Who  erected  the  first  steam-mill 
we  are  -not  able  to  say.  There  was  one  erected  at  Canton  at  a  verv 
earlv  dav,  and  one  at  Vermont.  John  H.  Gardner,  of  Joshua  town- 
ship,  also  put  up  one  among  the  first  of  the  county. 

First  Distiller u. — As  eariv  as  1833  Rafe  Dixon,  Ensley  Touts 
and  George  Smith  owned  and  operated  a  small  distillery  on  Duck 
creek.  This  was  a  small,  old-fashioned  cop]>er  still,  and  made  pure 
if  not  palatable  whisky  from  corn.  It  is  related  of  some  of  the 
pioneers  that  they  would,  when  in  need  of  their  accustomed  bever- 
age, shell  a  bushel  of  corn,  put  it  on  a  horse,  mount  on  top,  and 
ride  to  Gabriel  Walling's  little  band-mill  on  Copperas  Creek,  get 
their  grist  ^'cracked,"  then  ride  over  with  it  to  the  Duck-creek  Dis- 
tillery and  wait  until  it  could  be  turned  into  "sperrits."  They  were 
some  times  plagued  very  much  while  at  the  distillery  by  a  fellow  of 
the  name  of  Garron,  who,  it  was  asserted,  would  drink  the  whisky 
as  fast  as  it  ran  from  the  still. 

First  Sale  of  Land. — The  first  conveyance  of  land  contained  with- 
in the  boundary  of  Fulton  county  ever  made  was  that  of  section  8, 
Kerton  township.  On  this  6th  day  of  May,  1817,  John  DoMott 
transferred  this  section  of  land  to  Richard  Berriam.  The  first  on 
record  was  the  northeast  quarter  of  section  30,  C^ass  township,  which 
was  transferred  May  20,  1818.  Both  these  deeds  are  recorded  at 
Edwardsville. 

First  Two  Children  Born. — The  first  white  child  born  in  the  county 
was  Lucinda  C.  Ross,  relict  of  the  late  Judge  Williani  Kellogg,  and 
a  resident  of  Peoria,  111.  She  was  born  at  Lewistowu  Oct.  17,  1821. 
Abner  C.  Barnes,  son  of  Capt.  D.  W.  Barnes,  was  born  in  the  fol- 
lowing month,  and  was  the  first  male  child  born.  He  is  an  attorney 
at  law  and  resides  at  Bushnell,  111.  A  son  of  John  Eveland  was 
one  of  the  first  children  l)orn  on  the  Military  Tract,  if  not  the  first. 
His  birth  occurred  while  Mr.  Eveland  was  residing  in  Calhoun 
county. 

First  Cotton-Gin. — In  an  early  day  cotton  was  quite  extensively 
grown  in  this  county.  During  the  period  when  the  pioneer  women 
manufactured  all  the  clothing  of  the  family  from  the  raw  material, 
cotton  and  flax  might  be  found  growing  on  every  farm.  Jacob 
Ellis  erected  a  cotton-gin  that  proved  a  source  of  great  help  to  the 
settlers.  They  would  come  for  many  miles  to  this  mill  to  have 
their  cotton  ginned.  Hon.  L.  W.  Ross  has  a  pair  of  quilts  that 
were  made  by  his  mother  in    1825  or  '2(j^  when   they  lived  where 


218  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Major  Walker  now  does.     The  cotton  and  every  other  article  that 
entered  into  them  was  raised  on  their  place  in  this  county. 

First  Hotel. — The  first  hotel  in  the  county,  perhaps  in  the  Mili- 
tary Tract,  was  built  at  Lewistown  in  1827,  by  John  Jewell,  and 
kept  for  many  years  by  Truman  Phelps.  It  was  then  considered 
the  best  hotel  in  the  West.  Such  men  as  Abraham  Lincoln,  Ste- 
phen A.  Douglas,  O.  H.  Browning,  Cyrus  Walker,  Gen.  E.  D. 
Baker,  Wm.  A.  Richardson  and  other  prominent  men  of  early  times 
were  often  guests  of  this  hotel. 

Organization  of  Fulton  Counfi/. — In  the  latter  part  of  the  year 
1822  it  was  thought  by  "some  of  the  enterprising  settlers  of  this 
section  that  a  sufficient  number  of  inhabitants  were  living  here  to 
justify  the  organization  of  a  county.  An  effort  was  at  once  made, 
and  on  the  28th  day  of  January,  1823,  the  organization  was  granted 
by  the  Legislature  and  ai>  election  appointed  to  be  held  on  the  14th 
of  April,  for  the  election  of  county  officials.  The  law  required 
that  a  county  should  contain  350  legal  voters  before  an  organization 
could  be  effected,  yet  there  were  scarcely  that  number  of  individ- 
uals  within  the  boundaries  of  Fulton  county,  although  it  embraced 
the  entire  northern  part  of  the  State.  The  same  territory  now  con- 
tains a  greater  portion  of  the  wealth  of  the  State  and  a  population 
of  about  two  million  souls.  On  the  organization  of  Illinois  Terri- 
tory in  1809  it  was  subdivided  into  the  counties  of  Randolph  and 
St.  Clair.  Fulton  was  included  in  the  county  of  St.  Clair.  On  the 
admission  of  the  State  into  the  Union  Avhat  is  now  Fulton  county 
was  a  part  of  Madison.  Afterwards,  by  an  act  of  the  Legislature 
approved  June  30,  1821,  it  was  placed  within  the  boundaries  of 
Pike,  which  is  the  oldest  county  in  the  Military  Tract. 

When  Fulton  county  was  organized,  and  for  over  two  years 
thereafter,  it  extended  east  and  west  from  the  Illinois  to  the  Mis- 
sissippi rivers,  and  from  the  base  line  near  where  Rushville,  Schuy- 
ler county,  now  stands,  to  the  northern  boundary  of  the  State,  in- 
cluding the  country  where  Rock  Island,  Galena,  Peoria  and  Chicago 
now  are.  It  was  indeed  a  large  county,  and  embraced  what  is  now 
the  wealthiest  and  most  populous  portion  of  the  great  West.  The 
great  lead  mines  of  Galena  had  not  yet  been  discovered,  and  Chi- 
cago was  only  a  trading  and  military  post.  As  will  be  seen  in  the 
following  chapter  the  officials  of  Fulton  county-  exercised  full  au- 
thority, so  far  as  the  duties  of  their  respective  offices  were  concerned, 
over  all  this  vast  region.  In  1825  the  Legislature  created  Peoria 
county  and  attached  to  it  for  all  county  purposes  all  the  country  lying 
north  of  it  within  this  State  on  both  sides  of  the  Illinois  river  as  far 
east  as  the  third  principal  meridian.  The  Commissioners'  Court  of 
that  county  convened  for  the  first  time  March  8,  1825.  Thus  was 
Fulton  county  greatly  diminished  in  size. 

Soon  the  Military  Tract  began  to  settle  up  quite  ra])idly,  and  a 
year  had  scarcely  passed  before  Knox  county  was  cut  off  of  Fulton. 
This  was  done  by  an  act  approved  Feb.   10,  1826.      At  that  time, 


JJLJ^I^ 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  ,  219 

however,  there  was  not  a  settler  within  the  boundaries  of  that 
county,  and  although  laid  off  it  was  still  attached  to  Fulton  county 
for  all  judicial  purposes.  In  the  early  part  of  1828  the  pioneers  ap- 
peared in  that  county  and  it  was  rapidly  settled.  On  the  loth  of 
May,  1830,  a  meeting  was  held  in  Henderson  township  to  inaugu- 
rate steps  for  the  organization  of  the  county.  A  committee  consist- 
ing of  Riggs  Pennington,  Philip  Hash,  Stephen  Osborn  and  Dr. 
Chas.  Hansford  was  appointed  to  present  a  petition  to  the  Hon. 
Richard  M.  Young,  Judge  of  the  Fifth  Judicial  District,  praying 
for  the  organization  of  Knox  county.  These  gentlemen  shortly 
afterwards  came  to  Lewistown,  where  Judge  Young  was  holding 
Court,  and  laid  their  petition  before  him.  The  Judge,  believing  the 
county  contained  350  inhabitants,  the  number  required  by  law,  and 
that  a  majority  desired  the  organization,  did,  on  the  10th  day  of 
June,  1830,  declare  by  virtue  of  the  power  invested  in  him,  the 
said  county  of  Knox  to  be  organized  and  entitled  to  the  same  rights 
and  privileges  as  other  counties  of  the  State.  An  election  was  held 
July  3,  and  three  Commissioners  chosen.  These  gentlemen  con- 
vened in  official  capacity  on  the  7th  and  perfected  the  organization 
of  Knox  county,  which  completely  severed  all  the  vast  territory 
outside  of  the  present  boundaries  of  Fulton  that  at  one  time 
belonged  to  our  grand  old  county.  This  reduced  the  county  to  its 
present  size,  which  in  number  of  acres  ranks  fifth  in  the  great 
Prairie  State. 

By  an  act  of  the  Legislature  approved  Jan.  28,  1823,  as  above 
mentioned,  Fulton  county  was  given  authority  to  organize.  A 
commission  consisting  of  Hugh  R.  Colter,  John  Totten  and  Stephen 
Chase  was  appointed  to  locate  the  county-seat.  A  full  account  of 
their  labors  is  given  in  the  following  chapter.  An  election  was 
held  on  the  14th  day  of  April,  1823,  for  the  selection  of  three  Com- 
missioners, a  Sherifl'  and  a  Coroner.  The  only  voting  place  was  at 
Lewistown,  and  men  came  from  so  great  a  distance  that  it  consumed 
several  days  in  making  the  trip.  William  Fads  of  Ft.  Clark  was 
elected  Sheriif  over  O.  M.  Ross,  and  Wm.  Clark,  Coroner.  David 
W.  Barnes,  Joseph  Motfatt  and  Thomas  R.  Covell  were  chosen 
County  Commissioners.  They  convened  for  the  first  time  on  the 
3d  of  June,  same  year.  We  refer  our  readers  to  the  following 
chapter  for  a  full  and  detailed  account  of  all  the  important  labors  of 
this  Court. 

Trade. — The  earliest  commercial  transactions  carried  on  in  this 
county  were  but  neighborhood  exchanges,  in  great  part.  True,  now 
and  then  a  farmer  would  load  a  flat-boat  with  beeswax,  honey,  tal- 
low and  peltries,  with  perhaps  a  few  bushels  of  wheat  or  corn  or  a 
few  hundred  clapboards,  and  float  down  the  Illinois  river  to  St. 
Louis,  where  he  would  exchange  his  produce  for  substantials  in  the 
way  of  groceries  and  a  little  ready  money  with  which  he  would 
return  by  some  one  of  two  or  three  steam-boats  then  running ;  or  if 
the  period  of  the  trip  was  before  the  advent  of  steam-boats  he  would 
;urn  his  load  into  cash  and  come  home  on  foot. 


220  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

After  the  advent  of  steam-boats  a  new  system  of  commerce  sprang 
up.  Every  town  would  contain  one  or  two  merchants  who  would 
buy  corn,  wheat  and  dressed  hogs  in  the  fell,  store  them  in  ware- 
houses on  the  river  at  some  of  the  "landings,"  and  when  the  river 
opened  in  the  spring  would  ship  his  winter's  accumulations  to  St. 
Louis,  Cincinnati  or  New  Orleans  for  sale,  and  with  the  proceeds 
visit  New  York  and  lay  in  six  months'  siip])ly  of  goods.  So  far  as 
the  farmer  was  concerned  in  all  these  transactions  money  was  an 
unknown  factor.  Goods  were  always  sold  on  twelve  months'  time 
and  payment  made  with  the  proceeds  of  the  farmers'  crops.  When 
the  crops  were  sold  and  the  merchant  satisfied  the  surplus  was  paid 
out  in  orders  on  the  store  to  laboring  men  and  to  satisfy  other 
creditors.  When  a  days'  work  was  done  by  a  working  man  his 
emplover  would  say,  "Well,  what  store  do  you  want  your  order  on?" 
and  the  order  was  always  cheerfully  accepted. 

Hogs  were  always  sold  ready  dressed.  The  farmer,  if  forelianded, 
would  call  in  his  neighbors  some  bright  fall  or  winter  morning  to 
help  "kill  hogs."  Immense  kettles  filled  with  water  had  been 
boiling  since  dawn.  The  sleds  of  the  farmer  covered  with  loose 
plank  formed  a  platform  for  dressing,  and  a  cask  or  half  hogshead, 
with  an  old  quilt  thrown  over  the  top,  was  prepared  in  wliich  to 
scald.  From  a  crotch  of  some  convenient  tree  a  projecting  pole 
was  riffffcd  to  hold  the  dead  animals.  When  everything  was 
arranged  the  best  shot  of  the  neighborhood  loaded  his  trusty  rifle 
and  the  work  of  killing  commenced.  To  make  a  "hog  squeal"  in 
shooting  or  "shoulder-stick,"  i.  e.,  run  the  point  of  the  knife  used 
into  the  shoulder  instead  of  the  cavity  of  the  breast,  was  a  disgrace. 
As  each  hog  fell  the  "sticker"  mounted  him  and  plunged  a  long, 
well  sharpened  knife  into  his  throat,  and  others  caught  him  by  the 
legs  and  drew  him  to  the  scalding  tub  now  hilled  with  hot  water, 
into  which  a  shovel-full  of  good  green-wood  ashes  had  been  thrown. 
The  cleaners  now  took  the  departed  porcine,  immersed  him  head 
first  into  the  scalding  tub,  drew  him  back  and  forward  a  time 
or  two,  tried  the  hair,  and  if  it  would  "slip"  easily  the  animal 
was  turned  and  the  other  end  underwent  the  same  process.  As 
soon  as  taken  from  the  water  the  scrapers  with  case-knives  went  to 
work  and  soon  had  the  animal  denuded  of  hair,  when  two  stout 
fellows  would  take  it  up  between  them  and  a  third  man  to  manage 
the  "gambrel"  (^which  was  a  stout  stick  about  two  feet  long,  sharp- 
ened at  both  ends  to  be  inserted  between  the  muscles  of  the  hind  legs 
at  or  near  the  hock  joint),  the  animal  would  be  elevated  to  the  pole 
and  the  entrails  removed  by  some  skillful  hand. 

When  the  work  of  killing  was  completed  and  the  hogs  had  time 
to  cool,  such  as  were  intended  for  domestic  use  were  cut  up,  the 
lard  tried  out  by  the  women  of  the  household  and  the  surplus  taken 
to  town  to  market.  In  those  davs  almost  every  merchant  had,  at 
the  rear  end  of  his  ])lace  of  business  or  at  some  convenient  neigh- 
boring building,  a  "pork-house,"  and  would  buy  the  pork  of  his  ens- 


HISTOEY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  221 

tomers  and  of  such  others  as  would  sell  to  him,  and  "cut"  it  for 
market.  This  gave  employment  to  a  large  number  of  hands  in 
every  village  cuttiug  pork — work  which  lasted  all  winter ;  also  to  a 
large  number  of  teams  hauling  to  the  river,  and  coopers  making 
pork  barrels. 

Prices  of  p(.)rk  then  were  not  so  high  as  at  present.  Thousands 
of  hogs  dressed  for  market  have  been  sold  in  this  county  at  $l.l25 
to  $1.50  per  hundred  lbs.;  sometimes  they  were  sold  by  the  dozen, 
bringing  from  $12  to  $18  per  dozen,  owing  to  size  and  quality. 
When,  as  the  county  grew  older  and  communication  easier  between 
the  seaboard  and  the  great  West,  prices  went  up  to  $2  and  $2.50  per 
100  lbs.,  our  farmers  thought  they  would  always  be  content  to  raise 
pork  at  such  a  fine  price. 

There  was  one  feature  in  this  method  of  buying  pork  that  made 
any  town  in  Fulton  county  a  paradise  for  the  poor  man  in  winter. 
"Spare-ribs,"  "tender-loins,"  "pigs'-heads"  and  "feet"  were  not  con- 
sidered of  any  value,  and  were  given  freely  to  all  who  asked.  If  a 
barrel  were  taken  to  any  pork-house  and  salt  furnished,  the  barrel 
would  be  tilled  and  salted  down  with  tender-loins  or  spare-ribs  for 
nothing.  So  great  in  many  cases  was  the  quantity  of  spare-ribs, 
etc.,  to  be  disposed  of,  that  they  would  be  hauled  away  in  wagon 
loads  and  dumped  in  the  woods  out  of  town. 

In  those  days  if  wheat  brought  half  a  dollar  per  bushel  the 
farmer  was  satisfied.  The  writer  once  knew  a  farmer  to  sell  five 
hundred  bushels  of  corn  to  a  distillery,  for  which  he  received  five 
cents  jier  bushel,  and  took  his  pay  in  whisky  at  thirty-five  cents 
per  gallon. 

A  good  young  milch-cow  could  be  bought  for  from  $5  to  $10, 
and  that  j)ayable  in  work.  In  those  days  one  of  the  wealthiest 
farmers  in  the  county  was  notified  that  there  was  a  letter  in  the 
postofficQ  to  his  address,  and  that  the  postage  was  twenty-five  cents. 
He  went  home  immediately,  killed  a  fat  cow,  took  her  to  Canton 
and  peddled  her  meat  in  the  hope  that  in  the  transaction  he  would 
get  his  quarter  in  cash  to  "lift"  his  letter ;  but  when  the  cash  pro- 
ceeds were  footed  up  he  found  he  had  but  twenty  cents,  and  had  to 
borrow  the  balance  before  he  could  set  his  letter. 

Those  might  truly  be  called  close  times,  yet  the  citizens  of  the 
county  were  accommodating,  and  no  case  of  actual  suffering  for  the 
necessaries  of  life  was  known  to  exist  before  each  vied  with  the 
other  to  relieve  it. 

Early  MiUhir/. — One  of  the  greatest  difUculties  encountered  by 
the  early  settlers  was  in  having  their  milling  done.  By  a  liberal 
application  of  enterprise  and  muscle  they  experienced  but  little 
trouble  in  producing  an  abundance  of  the  cereals,  but  having  it 
converted  into  breadstuff  was  a  source  of  much  hard  labor.  The 
hand-mill  introduced  was  a  great  improvement  over  the  mortar 
or  tin  grater,  a  description  of  which  is  given  elsewhere  in  this  vol- 
ume.    Then  the  band-mill  was  introduced.     John  Walters  tells  us 


222  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

that  he  and  his  brother  AVilliam  used  to  strap  their  sacks  of  corn 
upon  their  back  in  knapsack  fashion  and  take  their  guns  and  go 
eight  or  ten  miles  to  mill.  They  often  went  to  Jennings'  band-mill. 
These  mills  ground  only  corn,  and  in  order  to  have  wheat  ground 
the  settlers  would  have  to  go  to  some  distant  water-mill.  Pioneers 
often  were  gone  an  entire  week  with  a  load  of  grain  to  one  of  these 
mills.  Mr.  Jacob  Silvernail  relates  that  upon  one  occasion  he 
went  to  the  Little  Mackinaw  mill  on  the  east  side  of  the  Illinois 
river,  a  distance  of  25  miles.  He  took  some  40  bushels  of  M'heat, 
and  was  gone  from  home  nine  days  before  he  got  his  grist  and,  as 
Mr.  Silvernail  savs,  "the  ague  at  the  same  time."  There  are  a 
multitude  of  milling  incidents  that  would  be  interesting  to  read, 
but  space  in  this  chapter  forbids  the  giving  of  others.  These 
suffice  to  illustrate  the  difficulties  the  early  settlers  encountered  in 
procuring  breadstuff. 

Wild  Hogs. — Among  the  settlers  who  came  to  Fulton  county 
previous  to  1835  were  many  who,  accustomed  to  the  advantages  of 
an  older  civilization,  to  churches,  schools  and  society,  became 
speedily  home-sick  and  dissatisfied.  They  would  remain  perhaps 
one  summer  or  at  most  two,  then,  selling  whatever  claim  with  its 
improvements  they  had  made,  would  return  to  the  older  States, 
spreading  reports  of  the  hardships  endured  by  the  settlers  here  and 
the  disadvantages  which  thev  had  found,  or  imagined  thev  had 
found,  in  the  country.  These  weaklings  were  not  an  unmitigated 
curse.  The  slight  improvements  they  had  made  were  sold  to  men 
of  sterner  stuff,  who  were  the  sooner  able  to  surround  themselves 
with  the  necessities  of  life,  while  their  unfavoraV)le  report  deterred 
other  weaklings  from  coming.  The  men  who  stayed,  who  were 
willing  to  endure  privations,  belonged  to  a  different  guild ;  they 
were  heroes  every  one, — men  to  whom  hardships  were  things  to  be 
overcome  and  present  privations  things  to  be  endured  for  the  sake 
of  posteritv,  and  thev  never  shrank  from  this  duty.  It  is  to  these 
hardy  pioneers  who  could  endure,  that  we  to-day  owe  the  wonder- 
ful improvement  we  have  made  and  the  development,  almost 
miraculous,  that  has  brought  our  State  in  the  past  sixty  years,  from 
a  wilderness,  to  the  front  rank  among  the  States  of  this  great 
nation. 

When  the  earliest  pioneer  reached  what  is  now  Fulton  county 
game  was  his  principal  food  until  he  had  conquered  a  farm  from 
the  forest  or  prairie, — rarely,  then,  from  the  latter.  As  the  coun- 
trv  settled  game  grew  scarce,  and  by  1850  he  who  would  live  by 
his  rille  would  have  had  but  a  precarious  sulisistence  had  it  not 
been  for  "wild  hogs."  These  animals,  left  by  home-sick  immi- 
grants whom  the  chills  or  fever  and  ague  had  driven  out,  had 
strayed  into  the  woods,  and  began  to  multiply  in  a  wild  state.  The 
woods  each  fall  were  full  of  acorns,  walnuts,  hazelnuts,  and  these 
hogs  would  grow  fat  and  multiply  at  a  wonderful  rate  in  the  bot- 
toms and  along  the  bluffs.     The  second  and  third  immigration  to 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  223 

the  county  found  these  wild  hogs  an  unfailing  source  of  meat  sup- 
ply up  to  that  period  when  they  had  in  the  townships  contiguous  to 
the  river  become  so  numerous  as  to  be  an  evil,  breaking  in  herds 
into  the  farmer's  corn-fields  or  toling  their  domestic  swine  into 
their  retreats,  where  they  too  became  in  a  season  as  wild  as  those  in 
the  woods.  In  1838  or  '39,  in  Banner  township,  a  meeting  was 
called  of  citizens  of  the  township  to  take  steps  to  get  rid  of  wild 
hogs.  At  this  meeting,  which  was  held  in  the  spring,  the  people  of 
the  township  were  notified  to  turn  out  en  masse  on  a  certain  day  and 
engage  in  the  work  of  catching,  trimming  and  branding  wild  hogs, 
which  were  to  be  turned  loose,  and  the  next  winter  were  to  be 
hunted  and  killed  by  the  people  of  the  township,  the  meat  to  be 
divided  pro  rata  among  the  citizens  of  the  toAvnship.  This  plan 
was  fully  carried  into  effect,  two  or  three  days  being  spent  in  the 
exciting  work  in  the  spring. 

In  the  early  part  of  the  ensuing  winter  the  settlers  again  turned 
out,  supplied  at  convenient  points  in  the  bottom  with  large  kettles 
and  barrels  for  scalding,  and  while  the  hunters  were  engaged  in 
killing,  others  with  horses  dragged  the  carcasses  to  the  scalding 
platforms  where  they  were  dressed;  and  when  all  that  could  be 
were  killed  and  dressed  a  division  was  made,  every  farmer  getting 
more  meat  than  enough  for  his  winter's  supply.  Like  energetic 
measures  were  resorted  to  in  other  townships,  so  that  in  two  or 
three  years  the  breed  of  wild  hogs  became  extinct. 

Many  amusing  anecdotes  are  related  of  adventures  among  the 
wild  hogs."  Esquire  W.  H,  Smith  of  Banner  township  relates 
the  following  incident:  "I  had  gone  to  help  one  of  my  neighbors 
catch  and  mark  some  hogs  that  were  running  out  in  the  bottom. 
He  knew  where  his  hogs  ran,  and  we  had  no  difficulty  in  finding 
them.  Our  dogs  were  called  into  requisition,  and  we  had  dogs  then 
trained  to  the  business,  and  soon  I  had  a  shoat  down  and  was 
marking  it  when  I  heard  a  shout  of  warning,  and  looking  up  I  saw 
my  companions  making  for  the  nearest  trees  while  a  herd  of  wild 
iiogs,  led  by  a  powerful  boar,  was  rushing  through  the  grass  and 
was  almost  on  me.  It  was  no  time  for  argument  I  saw,  and  like 
my  neighbors,  I  'stayed  not  on  the  order  of  my  going,  but  went  at 
once'  to  the  most  convenient  sapling,  up  which  I  found  my  way 
with  a  celerity  that  would  have  astonished  those  who  know  me  now, 
and  I  was  not  in  a  hurry  to  come  down  until  the  herd  had  left." 

D.  F.  Emry,  one  of  the  early  surveyors  of  this  county,  relates 
that  once  while  surveying  in  the  bottom  he  had  his  compass  stand- 
ing in  a  path  used  by  the  wild  hogs,  and  while  adjusting  his  needle 
observed  a  very  large  boar  with  tushes  five  or  six  inches  long  com- 
ing do'svn  the  path  toward  him.  "When  the  boar  observed  the 
obstruction  in  his  pathway,"  says  he,  "he  began  to  come  sideways, 
champing  his  teeth  and  erecting  his  bristles  in  a  way  to  convince 
me  that  I  had  better  give  him  right  of  way,  which  I  proceeded  to 
do  with  commendable  speed." 


i( 


224  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Instances  of  adventures  with  wild  hogs  might  be  indefinitely 
multiplied,  but  space  forbids.  That  these  animals  were  dangerous 
those  who  have  seen  the  tusks — in  many  cases  still  preserved — six 
and  even  in  some  instances  eight  inches  long,  will  understand. 

The  Deep  Snoiv. — The  big  snoAv  of  1830  will  be  vividly  remem- 
bered by  all  the  old  settlers.  The  snow  began  falling  on  the  night 
of  the  29th  of  December,  and  continued  to  fall  for  three  days  and 
nights,  until  it  reached  an  average  depth  of  about  four  feet,  but  drift- 
ing in  places  as  high  as  from  eighteen  to  twenty  feet.  Great  suf- 
fering was  experienced  in  consequence.  The  settlers  relied  for  their 
daily  food  upon  Indian  corn  which  they  were  enabled  to  raise, 
together  with  wild  game,  which  was  abundant  at  that  time.  Plenty 
of  the  former  was  raised  to  supply  the  wants  of  all  until  the  next 
season's  crop ;  but  when  the  snow  fell  very  little  had  been  gathered. 
Game  could  not  be  had.  The  great  depth  of  snow  was  a  barrier  to  all 
travel,  and  it  may  be  well  imagined  the  sufferings  of  the  people  were 
very  great  indeed. 

This  was  the  heaviest  snow  that  ever  fell  in  Illinois  within  the 
memory  of  the  oldest  settler  of  this  part  of  the  State.  According 
to  the  traditions  of  the  Indians  as  related  to  the  pioneers,  a  snow  fell 
from  fifty  to  seventy-five  years  before  the  settlement  by  the  whito 
people,  which  swejjt  away  the  numerous  herds  of  buffalo  and  elk 
that  roamed  over  the  vast  prairies  at  that  time.  This  tradition  was 
verified  by  the  large  number  of  bones  of  these  animals  found  in 
different  localities  on  the  prairies  when  first  visited  by  the  whites. 
The  deep  snow  is  one  of  the  landmarks  of  the  pioneer.  He  reck- 
ons, in  giving  dates  of  early  occurrences,  so  many  years  before  or  so 
many  after  the  deep  snow.  He  calculates  the  date  of  his  coming, 
his  marriage  and  l)irth  of  liis  children  from  it,  and  well  might  It 
make  a  lasting  impression  upon  their  minds.  Could  we  picture  the 
suffering  of  that  winter ;  the  dark  forebodings  that  crept  into  every 
cabin,  starvation  staring  the  inmates  in  the  face;  the  meagre  meal 
that  for  months  was  their  only  portion,  we,  too,  would  never  forget 
it.  But  human  tongue  or  pen  can  never  adequately  picture  the 
trials  endured  by  the  pioneers  who  were  here  during  that  long  and 
eventful  winter.  For  weeks  the  sun  was  not  visible,  and  so  intens(; 
was  the  cold  that  not  a  particle  of  snow  would  melt  upon  the  south 
sides  of  the  cabins.  People  were  for  weeks  absolutely  blockaded  or 
housed  up,  and  remained  so  until  starvation  compelled  them  to  go 
forth  in  search  of  food. 

So  much  extra  work  was  to  be  done  in  the  building  of  homes  that 
in  the  fall  the  pioneers  did  not  gather  in  and  crib  their  corn.  They 
let  it  remain  in  the  field  until  winter  came  before  gathering.  The 
big  snow  therefore  found  many  of  the  settlers  without  any  j)repara- 
tion  for  a  long  siege.  They  would  go  out  into  the  field,  and  where 
they  could  see  the  top  of  a  corn  stalk  sticking  up  through  the  snow 
they  would  dig  down  until  they  came  to  the  ear.  To  get  wood  they 
would  cut  the  trees  at  the  top  of  the  snow,  and  when  spring  came  and 


(^)^Oi??:   ^€^de^  ^&-MJ^7^/^ 


(D£C£AS£D), 

ISABEL 


LlLxirMi  1 


OF 


UNIVff^GlTY 


THE 

OF  I 


LUNOIS. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COTJXTY.  227 

the  snow  had  disappeared,  they  often  found  the  stump  long'  enough 
to  cut  into  fence  rails.  The  snow  lay  on  the  ground  until  about  the 
first  o£  April ;  and  we  have  little  doubt  that  many  a  weary  one 
during  that  long  winter  sighed  for  the  comforts  of  the  "old  home;" 
still,  notwithstanding  its  great  dreariness  and  the  greater  sufferings 
of  the  people,  none  became  disheartened,  for  we  find  them  in  the 
s])ring  of  1831  as  determined  as  ever  to  carve  out  for  themselves  a 
home  in  this  truly  beautiful  country. 

.  During  this  winter,  from  Dec.  29,  1830,  till  Feb.  13,  1831,  it 
snowed  nineteen  times.  After  the  snow  had  melted  we  are  told  that 
the  bones  of  deer  were  so  numerous  in  some  places  that  for  one- 
quarter  of  an  acre  one  could  step  from  bone  to  bone  over  the  whole 
surface,  so  many  deer  had  perished  there.  The  season  following  the 
winter  of  the  deep  snow  was  a  very  late  one,  and  frost  came  every 
month  in  the  year.  The  crops  were  jjoor,  as  may  be  well  supposed, 
and  the  corn  did  not  ripen. 

The  longest  winter  ever  experienced  since  this  country  was  settled 
by  the  whites  was  that  of  1842-3.  The  cold  Aveather  set  in  No- 
vember 4,  and  lasted  until  the  following  April. 

Sudden  Change. — The  most  extraordinary  atmospheric  phenome- 
non occurring  within  the  knowledge  of  the  oldest  settler  took  place 
in  January,  1836.  The  intensest  suffering  was  caused  to  man  and 
beast  by  this  sudden  change.  Quite  a  snow  had  fallen  the  day  ])re- 
vious  to  the  change,  and  upon  that  day  a  slow,  drizzling  rain  fell, 
makiny,  of  the  snow  a  "  slush."  The  storm  came  from  the  north- 
west,  and  the  clouds,  upon  its  approach,  assumed  a  threatening  and 
extraordinary  aspect,  those  higher  being  dark,  and  those  below  of  a 
white  frosty  appearance.  As  fast  as  the  storm  advanced  it  instanta- 
neously changed  the  temperate  atmosphere  to  that  of  frigid  coldness. 
Incidents  are  related  in  connection  with  this  sudden  change  which 
are  indeed  marvelous.  During  the  sudden  change  John  Walters 
tells  us  that  he  was  out  hunting,  and  had  just  killed  a  large  buck 
deer.  He  heard  a  terrible  roaring  in  the  northwest,  and  upon  look- 
ing in  that  direction  saw  a  black  cloud.  The  cold  came  on  so 
suddenly  and  became  so  intense  that  he  started  for  home  on  a  run, 
leaving  his  game.  Before  reaching  his  home  he  had  frozen  his  feet 
and  ears  very  badly. 

High  Water. — We  have  spoken  of  the  deep  snow  and  the  sudden 
atmospheric  change ;  we  now  wish  to  record  the  seasons  that  the 
greatest  amount  of  water  fell.  It  is  claimed  that  the  greatest  rain- 
fall that  has  ever  occurred  in  this  country  was  in  183".  There  waf> 
no  record  kept  of  the  amount  of  water  that  fell  by  any  of  the  methods 
in  use  at  the  present  time,  and  all  we  have  to  judge  by  is  the  high 
water  in  the  streams.  The  Illinois,  Spoon  river  and  their  tributaries 
are  said  to  have  been  higher  than  at  the  breaking  up  of  the  big  snow 
in  the  spring  of  1831,  or  at  any  time  since.  The  rains  commenced 
falling  in  the  early  springand  continued  throughout  the  early  sum- 
mer.    There  have  been,  perhaps,  other  seasons  just  as  wet,  but  the 

15 


228  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

streams  were  never  so  high  at  any  other  time.  During  this  period 
there  were  many  hard  rains.  In  the  early  part  of  July  a  storm  of 
rain,  thuuder  and  lightning  occurred,  which  for  severity  has  scarcely 
ever  been  equaled.  It  spread  throughout  the  West.  The  great 
prairies,  then  uncultivated  and  undrained,  were  a  vast  lake,  and  fish 
were  plenty  in  almost  every  locality.  The  large  ponds  found  here 
and  there  over  the  prairies  in  an  early  day  contained  fish  large 
enough  for  domestic  purposes.  These  ponds  would  dry  up  in  the 
summer  but  in  spring-time  were  well  filled  with  water,  and  how  the 
finny  tribe  managed  to  get  there  is  a  query  the  "  old  settler"  cannot 
answer  in  a  more  satisfactory  way  than  "  they  rained  down  when 
small."  During  this  season  but  little  in  the  way  of  crops  was 
attempted  to  be  raised.  Hogs  were  fattened  in  the  fall  upon  the 
mast,  and  those  that  were  not  killed  for  food  had  to  subsist  during 
the  winter  upon  acorns;  with  them  it  was  literally  "root  hog  or  die." 

The  Severe  Winter  of  1842—3. — To  add  to  the  popular  excitement 
occasioned  by  Rev.  Miller's  prophecy  of  the  end  of  the  world,  and 
by  the  unprecedented  comet  of  1843,  etc.,  one  of  the  longest  and 
severest  winters  ever  known  in  this  region,  happened  to  be  that  of 
1842-3.  Xov.  7,  1842,  it  commenced  to  rain;  the  8th  was  cloudy; 
and  on  the  9th  18  inches  of  snow  fell,  which  did  not  go  off  alto- 
gether until  the  12th  of  the  following  April!  Soon  after  the  snow 
fell  a  rain  came  upon  it,  and  a  crust  froze  so  strong  as  to  make  it 
almost  impossible  for  a  time  to  work  or  travel.  A  hunter,  how- 
ever, could  walk  on  the  ice-covered  snow,  and  deer  were  more  easily 
caught  than  domestic  swine  are  nowadays.  When  alarmed  by  the 
proximity  of  the  hunter  they  would  attempt  to  run,  but  breaking 
through  where  the  snow  was  very  deep,  they  would  lodge  there 
almost  helpless.  Turkey  and  other  wild  game  were  abundant  and 
easily  obtained.  On  account,  however,  of  the  abundance  of  game 
and  a  sufficiency  of  grain,  the  people  lived  very  comfortably. 

The  first  plowing  done  was  in  5lay,  but  a  good  crop  was   raised. 

The  years  of  1844,  1851,  and  1858,  are  also  notable  as  years  of 
great  rain-fall.  During  the  early  history  of  the  county,  when 
there  were  no  bridges,  great  difficulty  was  experienced  in  getting 
from  place  to  place  in  the  spring-time  on  account  of  the  high 
waters.  At  such  times  ferrymen  were  allowed  to  charge  double  fare 
for  carrying  people  or  goods  across  the  streams.  It  is  remarkable 
that  so  few  lives  were  lost  during  these  seasons  of  high  water,  ])ut 
the  pioneers  were  all  expert  swimmers,  and  it  was  very  seldom  one 
was  drowned. 

Moneu. — Monev''was  an  article  little  known  and  seldom  seen 
among  the  earlier  settlers.  Indeed,  they  had  but  little  use  for  it, 
as  all  business  was  transacted  by  bartering  one  article  for  another. 
Great'ingenuity  was  developed  in  the  barter  of  their  commodities, 
and  when  this  failed  longJ,credits  contributed  to  their  convenience. 
But  for  taxes  and  postage  neither  the  barter  nor  credit  system  would 
answer,  and  often  letters  were  suifered  to  remain  a  considerable  time 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  229 

in  the  po.stoffice  for  want  of  twenty-five  cents,  which  was  then  tlie 
postage  on  all  letters  from  any  great  distance ;  nor  were  they  car- 
ried on  the  fast  express  or  mail  trains.  It  was  only  every  week  or 
so  that  a  lone  horseman,  with  mail  bag  thrown  astride,  would  ride 
into  a  settlement  or  village.  If,  however,  the  village  was  on  the 
line  of  a  stage  route,  the  old  stage-coach  would  make  its  apj)earance 
as  often.  It  was  not  common,  then,  for  persons  to  get  many  letters; 
indeed,  one  or  two  a  month  was  considered  a  large  mail.  Nor  did 
three  cents  pay  the  postage  upon  a  letter  at  that  day.  It  seldom 
took  less  than  twenty-five  cents,  or  two  "bits,"  as  Kentuckians 
would  say. 

To  illustrate  how  very  scarce  money  was  in  an  early  day  we 
record  the  following  incidents  :  Mr.  Joseph  H.  Gardiner,  of  Joshua 
township,  tells  us  that  although  he  owned  a  farm  of  six  hundred 
acres,  with  stock,  grain,  etc.,  he  could  not  raise  cash  sufficient  to 
pay  postage  on  letters  that  came  to  him.  They  would  often  have 
to  lie  in  the  postoflfice  for  weeks  before  he  could  get  them  out.  At 
one  time  in  the  early  history  of  the  country  he  had  a  legal  dispute 
and  was  sued,  the  party  getting  judgment  for  |oO  or  160  against 
him.  He  sent  East  for  money  and  it  came  in  a  $100  bill.  He 
ofFered  it  in  payment  of  judgment ;  they  could  not  change  the  bill, 
nor  could  they  find  enough  money  in  Canton  to  do  it  with ;  conse- 
quently the  judgment  was  not  paid  for  some  time  afterwards. 

A  member  of  one  of  the  leading  business  firms  iu  Canton  had 
noticed  that  his  partner  had  charged  to  himself  fifty  cents  cash  each 
week.  This. caused  him  so  much  uneasiness  to  know  that  cash  was 
being  withdrawn  from  their  business  that  he  took  his  ])artner  to  task 
about  it.  He  admitted  the  fact,  of  course,  and  explained  that  it  aatis 
to  pay  postage  on  letters  received  from  a  young  lady  in  the  East, 
perhaps  his  sweet-heart,  which,  though  money  was  scarce,  must  be 
attended  to. 

Coon-skins  passed  as  currency  in  many  places  up  to  1835,  and 
values  were  frequently  expressed  in  coon-skins.  Whisky  was  one 
coon-skin  per  quart.  Childs  &■  Stillman,  of  Canton,  were  selling  it 
at  that  price,  and  their  store  was  a  place  of  resort  in  consequence. 
The  counter  of  this  store  was  a  rude  affair,  and  the  front  of  it  not 
closely  jointed :  indeed,  there  were  interstices  between  the  clap- 
board panels  through  which  a  coon-skin  could  be  readily  pulled. 
One  day  Jesse  Dollar  called  for  a  quart  of  whisky,  and  in  payment 
handed  over  his  coon-skin.  The  coon-skin  was  tossed"  under  the 
counter,  and  the  whisky  drank  among  the  crowd.  Dollar  had  a 
ramrod  in  his  hands  with  a  wiping-screw  on  the  end.  This  he  slyly 
inserted  through  the  cracks  in  the  front  of  the  counter,  and,  twist- 
ing it  into  the  fur,  drew  it  out,  and  with  it  paid  for  the  second  quart, 
which  was  also  passed  through  the  admiring  crowd.  Dollar  was 
liberal,  generous,  indeed  prodigal,  with  his  one  coon-skin,  making  it 
pay  for  five  quarts  of  whisky  in  almost  that  number  of  minutes. 
Childs  &  Stillman  were  pleased  at  their  prosperous  trade.  The 
crowd  were  pleased  at  the  joke,  and  Dollar  was  glorious. 


230  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

The  Beautiful  Prairies. — The  large  prairies  of  the  eounty  pre- 
sented a  most  beautiful  sight  before  they  were  settled.  The  follow- 
ing very  descriptive  lines  on  "The  Prairies  of  Illinois/'  by  Captain 
Basil  Hall,  graphically  portrays  their  beauty  in  their  wild  and 
native  state  : 

''The  charm  of  prairie  consists  in  its  extension,  its  green,  flowery 
carpet,  its  undulating  surface,  and  the  skirt  of  forest  whereby  it  is 
surrounded ;  the  latter  feature  being  of  all  others  the  most  signifi- 
cant and  expressive,  since  it  characterizes  the  land^icape,  and  defines 
the  form  and  boundary  of  the  plain.  If  the  prairie  is  little,  its 
greatest  beauty  consists  in  the  vicinity  of  the  encompassing  edge  of 
forests,  which  may  be  compared  to  the  shores  of  a  lake,  being  inter- 
sected with  many  deep,  inward  bends,  as  so  many  inlets,  and  at  in- 
tervals projecting  very  far,  not  unlike  a  promontory  or  protruding 
arm  of  land.  These  projections  sometimes  so  closely  approach  each 
other  that  the  traveler  passing  through  between  them,  may  be  said 
to  walk  in  the  midst  of  an  alley  overshadowed  by  the  forest,  before 
he  enters  again  upon  another  broad  prairie.  Where  the  plain  is  ex- 
tensive, the  delineations  of  the  forest  in  the  distant  background  a])- 
pear  as  would  a  misty  ocean  beach  afar  off.  The  eye  sometimes 
surveys  the  green  prairie  without  discovering  on  the  illimitable 
plain  a  tree  or  bush,  or  any  other  object  save  the  wilderness  of 
flowers  and  grass,  while  on  other  occasions  the  view  is  enlivened  bv 
the  groves  dispersed  like  islands  over  the  plain,  or  by  a  solitary 
tree  rising  above  the  wilderness.  The  resemblance  to  the  sea  which 
some  of  these  prairies  exhibit  is  really  most  striking.  In  the  spring, 
when  the  young  grass  has  just  clothed  the  soil  with  a  soddy  carpet 
of  the  most  delicate  green,  but  especially  when  the  sun  is  rising  be- 
hind a  distant  elevation  of  the  ground  and  its  rays  are  reflected  by 
myriads  of  dew-drops,  a  more  pleasing  and  more  eye-beneflting 
view  cannot  be  imagined. 

"The  delightful  aspect  of  the  prairie,  its  amenities,  and  the  ab- 
sence of  that  sombre  awe  insjiired  by  forests,  contribute  to  forcing 
away  that  sentiment  of  loneliness  which  usually  steals  upon  the 
mind  of  the  solitary  wanderer  in  the  wilderness ;  for,  although  he 
espies  no  habitation,  and  sees  no  human  being,  and  knows  himself 
to  be  far  ofl'  from  every  settlement  of  man,  he  can  scarcely  defend 
himself  from  believing  that  he  is  traveling  through  a  landscape 
embellished  bv  human  art.  The  flowers  are  so  delicate  and  elegant 
as  apparently  to  be  distributed  for  mere  ornament  over  the  plain  ; 
the  groves  and  groups  of  trees  seem  to  be  dispersed  over  the  prairie  to 
enliven  the  landscape,  and  we  can  scarcely  get  rid  of  the  impression 
invading  our  imagination,  of  the  whole  scene  being  flung  out  and 
created  for  the  satisfaction  of  the  sentiment  of  beauty  in  refined 
men. 

"In  the  summer  the  prairie  is  covered  with  tall  grass,  which  is 
coarse  in  appearance,  and  soon  assumes  a  yellow  color,  waving  in 
the  wind  like  a  ripe  crop  of  corn.     In  the  early  stages  of  its  growth 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  231 

it  resembles  young  wheat,  and  in  this  state  furnishes  such  rich  and 
succulent  food  for  cattle  that  the  latter  choose  it  often  in  preference 
to  wheat,  it  being  no  doubt  a  very  congenial  fodder  to  them,  since 
it  is  impossible  to  conceive  of  better  butter  than  is  made  while  the 
grass  is  in  this  stage. 

"In  the  early  stages  of  its  growth  the  grass  is  interspersed  with 
little  flowers, — the  violet,  the  strawberry-blossom,  and  others  of 
the  most  delicate  structure.  When  the  grass  grows  higher  these 
disappear,  and  taller  flowers,  displaying  more  lively  colors,  take 
their  place ;  and  still  later  a  series  of  still  higher  but  less  delicately 
formed  floMers  appears  on  the  surface.  AVhile  the  grass  is  green 
these  beautiful  plains  are  adorned  with  every  imaginable  variety  of 
color.  It  is  impossible  to  conceive  of  a  greater  diversity,  or  dis- 
cover a  predominating  color,  save  the  green,  which  forms  a  beauti- 
ful dead  color,  relieving  the  splendor  of  the  others.  In  the  summer 
the  plants  grow  taller,  and  the  colors  more  lively ;  in  the  autumn 
another  generation  of  flowers  arises  which  possesses  less  clearness 
and  variety  of  color  and  less  fragrancy.  In  the  winter  the  prairie 
presents  a  melancholy  aspect.  Often  the  fire,  which  the  hunters 
annually  send  over  the  prairies  in  order  to  dislodge  the  game,  will 
destroy  the  entire  vegetation,  giving  to  the  soil  a  uniform  black  ap- 
pearance, like  that  of  a  vast  plain  of  charcoal ;  then  the  wind 
sweeping  over  the  prairie  will  find  nothing  which  it  might  put  in 
motion,  no  leaves  which  it  might  disperse,  no  haulms  which  it 
mlirht  shake.  No  sooner  does  the  snow  commence  to  fall  than  the 
animals,  unless  already  frightened  away  by  the  fire,  retire  into  the 
forests,  when  the  most  dreary,  oppressive  solitude  will  reign  on  the 
burnt  prairies,  which  often  occupy  many  square  miles  of  territory." 

Prairie  Fires. — Fires  would  visit  the  grassy  plains  every  autumn. 
The  settlers  who  had  pushed  out  from  the  timber  took  great  precau- 
tion to  prevent  their  crops,  houses  and  barns  from  being  destroyed, 
yet  not  always  did  they  succeed.  Many  incidents  are  related  of 
prairie  fires.  The  great  conflagrations  were  caused  either  accident- 
ally, or  designedly  from  wantonness,  or  with  a  view  of  bewildering  the 
game.  The  fire  often  spread  further  than  it  was  intended  it  should. 
Wherever  were  extensive  prairie  lands,  one-half  was  burned  in  the 
spring  and  the  other  half  in  the  autumn,  in  order  to  produce  a  more 
rapid  growth  of  the  naturally  exuberant  grass,  destroying  at  the 
same  time  the  tall  and  thick  weed  stalks.  Violent  winds  would 
often  arise  and  drive  the  flames  with  such  rapidity  that  riders  on 
the  fleetest  steeds  could  scarcely  escape.  On  the  ajiproach  of  a 
prairie  fire  the  farmer  would  immediately  set  about  "burning  back," 
— that  is,  burning  ofi:  the  grass  close  by  the  fences,  that  the  larger 
fire  upon  arriving  would  become  extinguished  for  want  of  aliment. 
In  order  to  be  able,  however,  to  make  proper  use  of  this  measure  of 
safety,  it  was  very  essential  that  every  farmer  should  encompass 
with  a  ditch  those  of  his  fences  adjoining  the  prairie.  When  known 
that  the  conflagration  could  cause  no  danger,  the  settler,  though 


232  HISTOllY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY, 

accustomed  to  them,  could  not  refrain  from  gazing  with  admiration 
upon  the  magnificent  .>;pectacle.  Language  cannot  convey,  words 
cannot  express,  the  faintest  idea  of  the  splendor  and  grandeur  of 
such  a  conflagration  during  the  night.  It  was  as  if  the  pale  queen 
of  night,  disdaining  to  take  her  accustomed  place  in  the  heavens, 
had  dispatched  myriads  upon  myriads  of  messengers  to  light  their 
torches  at  the  altar  of  the  setting  sun  until  all  had  flashed  into  one 
long  and  continuous  blaze. 

The  following  graphic  description  of  prairie  fires  was  written  by 
a  traveler  through  this  region  in  1849  :- 

''Soon  the  flres  began  to  kindle  wider  and  rise  higher  from  the 
long  grass;  the  gentle  breeze  increased  to  stronger  currents,  and 
soon  limned  the  small,  flickering  blaze  into  fierce  torrent  flames, 
which  curled  up  and  leaped  along  in  resistless  splendor ;  and  like 
quickly  raising  the  dark  curtain  from  the  luminous  stage,  the  scenes 
before  me  were  suddenly  changed,  as  if  by  the  magician's  wand,  into 
one  boundless  amphitheater,  blazing  from  earth  to  heaven  and 
sweeping  the  horizon  round, — columns  of  lurid  flames  sportively 
mounting  up  to  the  zenith,  and  dark  clouds  of  crimson  smoke  curl- 
ing away  and  aloft  till  they  nearly  obscured  stars  and  moon,  while 
the  rushing,  crashing  sounds,  like  roaring  cataract?  mingled  with 
distant  thunders,  were  almost  deafening ;  danger,  death,  glared  all 
around;  it  screamed  for  victims;  yet,  notwithstanding  the  immi- 
nent peril  of  prairie  fires,  one  is  loth,  irresolute,  almost  unable  to 
withdraw  or  seek  refuge." 

Incidents  of  Pioneer  Life. — The  amusements  of  the  pioneers  were 
peculiar  to  themselves.  Saturday  afternoon  was  a  holiday  in  which 
no  man  was  expected  to  work.  A  load  of  produce  might  be  taken 
to  "town"  for  sale  or  traffic  without  violence  to  custom,  but  no 
more  serious  labor  could  be  tolerated.  When  on  Saturday  afternoon 
the  town  was  reached,  "fun  commenced."  Had  two  neighbors  bus- 
iness to  transact,  here  it  was  done.  Horses  were  "swapped."  Diffi- 
culties settled  and  free  fights  indulged  in.  Blue  and  red  ribbons 
were  not  worn  in  those  days,  and  whisky  was  free  as  water ;  twelve 
and  a  one  half  cents  would  buy  a  quart,  and  thirty  five  or  forty 
cents  a  gallon,  and  at  such  prices  enormous  quantities  were  con- 
sumed. Go  to  any  town  in  the  county  and  ask  the  first  pioneer  you 
meet,  he  will  tell  you  of  notable  Saturday-afternoon  fights,  either  of 
which  to-day  would  fill  a  column  of  the  Police  ^^eics,  with  elaborate 
engravings  to  match. 

Rough,  ready  to  fight,  as  these  pioneers  were,  their  latch-string 
was  always  out.  Xo  stranger  ever  stopped  at  their  cabins  without 
receiving  a  heartv  welcome.  Mrs.  Commodore  Joshua  Barnev, 
whose  husband  was  famous  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  who  was  a 
daughter  of  Elbridge  Gerry,  one  of  the  signers  of  the  Declaration  of 
Independence,  in  her  old  age  told  a  chapter  of  her  experience  in 
Fulton  county  in  1829  that  graphically  illustrates  pioneer  life. 
She  had  gone  with  her  husband  from  Washington  City  overland  to 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  238 

the  Mississippi  river,  and  crossing  the  Illinois  at  Ft.  Clark  (now 
Peoria),  the  party  stopped  late  at  night  at  a  log  cabin  near  Utica. 
The  hail,  "Hallo !  the  honse,"  was  given,  and  in  answer  to  the 
inquiry,  "Can  we  get  to  stay  all  night  with  you  ?"  they  were  told, 
"Certainly  ;  come  in ;  there  is  always  room  in  this  country."  "On 
entering  the  cabin"  says  Mrs.  Barney,  "we  found  a  room  twelve 
feet  by  sixteen  in  which  there  was  a  fire-place,  table,  bench  or  two, 
a  couple  of  rude  chairs  and  three  beds ;  but  worse  than  all,  when  our 
party  got  in,  there  were  nineteen  persons  to  stay  all  night !  Supper 
was  almost  ready  when  we  arrived.  It  consisted  of  the  usual  corn 
bread,  fat  bacon,  honey  and  in  this  case  genuine  store  coifee.  When 
bed-time  came  the  men  were  ordered  to  step  out  of  doors,  and 
beds  were  spread,  consisting  of  blankets  and  buffalo  robes,  over  the 
whole  floor,  and  we  women — there  were  ten  of  us — told  to  go  to 
bed,  married  women  in  the  center.  The  men  were  now  called  in 
and  each  husband  lay  down  by  his  wife,  the  single  men  outside. 
We  were  so  thick,  occupying  the  entire  unappropriated  space  of  the 
floor,  that  when  we  desired  to  turn  over  the  word  of  command 
would  be  given,  'Spoon,'  and  we  would  all  turn  over  at  once." 

Mrs.  Barney  said  this  was  an  actual  occurrence,  and  that  similar 
cases  occurred  3-t  other  points  during  her  trip. 

The  settler  in  the  early  days  was  not  only  hospitable  but  also 
philanthropic,  and  never  neglected  an  opportunity  to  aid  a  neigh- 
bor. House-raisings  were  hiw  special  delight.  Let  a  new-comer 
arrive  in  the  neighborhood  and  all  were  ready  to  help  him. 
One  would  send  a  bushel  or  two  of  potatoes,  another  a  piece  of 
meat,  another  some  other  article  that  could  be  used  to  eke  out  the 
larder ;  but  when  the  new-comer  had  his  logs  cut  and  all  ready  for 
the  raising,  then  the  fun  commenced.  Teams,  men,  axes,  all  were 
on  the  ground  at  an  early  hour,  logs  were  hauled,  scored,  one  side 
hewed,  it  may  be,  and  before  night  willing  hands  had  erected  a  resi- 
dence as  comfortable  and  commodious  as  anv  in  the  settlement,  and 
at  night  was  ready  for  the  "house-warming,"  where  dancing  was 
kept  up  until  the  "wee  short  hours,"  and  where  all  enjoyed  them- 
selves in  a  manner  unknown  to  the  people  of  to-day.  Let  a  neigh- 
bor get  sick  in  the  fall,  as  frequently  occurred,  and  some  neighbor 
would  inaugurate  a  "chopping  bee"  or  corn-gathering  for  his  bene- 
fit, when  all  his  fall  work  would  be  done  in  a  day, — corn  gathered 
and  cribbed,  wood  chopped  and  hauled,  and  everything  put  in  good 
shape  for  winter.  After  the  day's  labors  were  completed,  song  and 
dance  were  in  order,  and  until  morning  perhaps  the  younger  mem- 
bers of  the  community  would  keep  up  their  hilarity. 

The  only  amusements  of  the  pioneers  had  a  hospitable,  kindly 
core  and  were  connected  with  some  helpful  act  for  needy  neighbors. 
It  was  not  only  in  amusements,  but  in  all  other  acts  of  life  that  this 
kindliness  was  manifested,  as  an  anecdote  which  living  witnesses 
can  testify  to  will  illustrate. 

Some  time    prior  to  1833  a    traveling  preacher  of  the   M.   E. 


234  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Churcli  sent  an  appointment  into  a  neighborhood  in  what  is  now 
Isabel  township,  to  preach.  The  honse  wliere  services  were  to  be 
hekl  did  not  belong  to  a  Church  member,  but  no  matter  for  that. 
Boards  were  raked  up  from  all  quarters  with  which  to  improvise. 
seats,  oue  of  the  neighbors  volunteering  for  this  work,  while  the 
man  of  the  house,  trusty  rifle  on  shoulder,  sallied  forth  in  quest  of 
meat, — for  this  was  truly  a  "ground-hog"  case,  the  preacher  coming 
and  no  meat  in  the  house.  The  preacher  had  to  come  from  the 
"Sangamon  Settlements,"  and  the  few  neighbors  had  assembled  on 
his  arrival.  In  the  mean  time  the  host  of  the  occasion  killed  a  deer 
and  sent  a  boy  on  horseback  with  directions  on  what  "point"  to  find 
it.  After  services,  which  had  been  listened  to  with  fixed  attention 
by  the  pioneers,  "mine  host"  said  to  his  wife,  "Old  woman,  I  reckon 
this  'ere  preacher  is  pretty  hungry,  and  you  must  git  him  a  bite  to 
eat."  "What  shall  I  get  him?"  asked  the  wife,  who  had  not  seen 
the  deer;  "thar's  nuthin'  in  the  house  to  eat."  "Why,  look  thar," 
said  the  old  gentleman ;  "thar's  a  deer,  and  thar's  plenty  of  corn  in 
the  field ;  you  get  some  corn  and  grate  it  while  I  skin  the  deer,  and 
we'll  soon  have  a  good  supper  for  him."  It  is  needless  to  add  that 
venison  and  corn  bread  made  a  supper  fit  for  any  jiioneer  preacher, 
and  was  thankfully  eaten. 

Sometimes  the  amusements  of  the  pioneers  were  rough,  almost  to 
the  point  of  fatal  results, —  sometimes,  as  in  the  case  we  are  about 
to  narrate,  more  witty  than  rough.  In  the  early  days  of  Canton  a 
church  buildiup:  belonoiny:  to  the  Presbvterian  denomination  stood 
in  the  public  square.  This  church  had  a  steeple  and  bell,  probably 
at  that  period  the  only  one  in  the  county.  The  belfry  of  this  church 
always  stood  open,  and  one  night  a  party  of  wild  fellows  conceived 
the  idea  of  a  huge  practical  joke  to  be  played  upon  the  citizens  by 
means  of  this  bell.  Several  balls  of  twine  were  procured,  and  after 
everybody  had  got  to  sleep  an  adventurous  spirit  mounted  to  the 
bell  and  tied  one  end  of  the  twine  around  the  clapper  of  the  bell, 
throwing  the  ball  of  twine  out  at  the  window.  The  knot  around 
the  clapper  was  so  arranged  that  by  pulling  on  an  extra  cord  the 
twine  could  be  loosened  and  made  to  disappear.  When  one  o'clock, 
"the  hour  when  grave-yards  yawn,"  approached,  this  cord  was  taken 
to  a  second-story  window  opposite,  where,  out  of  sight  above  any 
night  passer,  it  was  pulled,  setting  the  bell  to  tolling  solemnly  and 
sloNvly.  It  tolled  for  an  hour,  when  those  who  had  awakened  at  its 
first  stroke  with  a  yawn  began  to  wonder  what  it  all  meant,  and  one  by 
one  windows  here  and  there  were  opened  and  heads  peered  out  into  the 
darkness.  Soon  curiosity  began  to  get  the  better  of  sleepiness,  and 
here  and  there  a  man  might  be  seen  going  towards  the  church  to  see 
what  the  bell  was  tolling  for.  On  reaching  the  church  the  bell  cord 
was  found  hanging  as  usual  with  no  mortal  ringer  pulling  it;  still 
the  bell  tolled  on,  ding — dong — ding !  Others  came,  from  every 
cabin  in  the  town  a  representative,  still  the  l)ell  tolled  on  with  no 
visible  mortal  sexton  swinging  its  iron  tongue.     "What  is  the  mys- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  235 

tery?"  eager  tongues  asked  of  eager  ears;  ''what  does  it  mean?" 
Some  one  suggested  that  some  straggler  had  elind)ed  up  into  the 
belfry  and  was  doing  the  ringing,  and  one  or  two  adventurous 
spirits  climbed  to  the  belfry  to  learn  if  such  was  the  case,  only  to 
report  that  no  mortal  hand  was  tolling  the  bell ;  and  now  the  mys- 
tery deepened.  Men  with  solemn  faces  spoke  to  men  whose  coun- 
tenances marked  deep  concern,  and  declared  that  the  end  of  the 
world  must  certainly  be  approaching.  Some  suggested  that  it  was 
Satan,  others  his  heavenly  opponent,  Michael,  who  was  tolling  the 
knell  of  a  world  about  to  depart;  still  the  bell  tolled  on.  At  last 
James  Wright,  for  a  "spiritual"  consideration,  volunteered  to  solve 
the  mystery.  '  Of  course  the  parties  pulling  the  bell  had  confreres 
in  the  crowd,  and,  when  Wright  mounted  into  the  steeple,  gave  the 
signal,  and  the  cord  was  disengaged  ;  the  bell  stopped  tolling;  but 
the  mystery  was  not  solved.  The  mysterious  bell  furnished  food 
for  talk  and  texts  for  wise  homilies  for  weeks,  until  at  last  the  joke 
got  too  heavy  to  hold,  and  the  parties  dropped  it,  to  the  infinite  relief 
of  many  a  superstitious  soul. 

What  the  Pioneers  Have  Done. — Fulton  county  is  a  grand  countv, 
in  many  respects  second  to  none  in  the  State,  and  in  almost  every- 
thing that  goes  to  make  a  live,  prosperous  community,  not  far  behind 
the  best.  Beneath  our  fertile  soil  is  coal  enough  to  supply  the  State 
for  generations;  our  harvests  are  bountiful;  we  have  a  medium  cli- 
mate and  many  other  things  that  make  us  a  contented,  prosperous 
and  happy  people ;  but  we  owe  much  to  those  who  opened  up  these 
avenues  that  have  led  to  our  present  condition  and  happy  surround- 
ings. Unremitting  toil  and  labor  have  driven  off  the  sickly  mias- 
mas that  brooded  over  swampy  prairies'.  Energy  and  perseverance 
have  peopled  every  section  of  our  wild  lands,  and  changed  them 
from  wastes  and  deserts  to  gardens  of  beauty  and  profit.  When 
but  a  few  years  ago  the  barking  wolves  made  the  night  hideous  with 
their  wild  shrieks  and  howls,  now  is  heard  only  the  lowing  and 
bleating  of  domestic  animals.  Only  a  half  century  ago  the  wild 
whoop  of  the  Indian  rent  the  air  where  now  are  heard  the  engine  and 
rumbling  trains  of  cars,  bearing  away  to  markets  the  products  of 
our  labor  and  soil.  Then  the  savage  built  his  rude  huts  on  the  spot 
where  now  rise  the  dwellings  and  school-houses  and  church  spires 
of  civilized  life.  How  great  the  transformation !  This  change  has 
l>een  brought  about  by  the  incessant  toil  and  aggregated  labor  of 
thousands  of  tired  hands  and  anxious  hearts,  and  the  noble  aspira- 
tions of  such  men  and  women  as  make  any  country  great.  What 
will  another  half  century  accomplish  ?  There  are  few,  very  few, 
of  these  old  pioneers  yet  lingering  on  the  shores  of  time  as  connect- 
ing links  of  the  past  with  the  present.  What  must  their  thoughts 
be  as  with  their  dim  eyes  they  view  the  scenes  that  surround  them? 
We  often  hear  people  talk  about  the  old- fogy  ideas  and  fogy  ways, 
and  want  of  enterprise  on  the  part  of  the  old  men  Mdio  have  gone 
through  the  experiences  of  pioneer  life.     Sometimes,  perhaps,  such 


236  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

remarks  are  just,  but,  considering  the  experiences,  education  and 
entire  life  of  such  men,  such  remarks  are  better  unsaid.  They  have 
had  their  trials,  misfortunes,  hardships  and  adventures,  and  shall  we 
now,  as  they  are  passing  far  down  the  western  declivity  of  life,  and 
many  of  them  gone,  point  to  them  the  finger  of  derision  and  laugh 
and  sneer  at  the  simplicity  of  their  ways?  Let  us  rather  cheer 
them  up,  revere  and  respect  them,  for  beneath  those  rough  exteriors 
beat  hearts  as  noble  as  ever  throbbed  in  the  human  breast.  These 
veterans  have  been  compelled  to  live  for  weeks  upon  hominy  and, 
if  bread  at  all,  it  was  bread  made  from  corn  ground  in  hand-mills, 
or  pounded  up  with  mortars.  Their  children  have  been  destitute  of 
shoes  during  the  winter;  their  families  had  no  clothing  except  what 
was  carded,  spun,  wove  and  made  into  garments  by  their  own  hands ; 
schools  they  had  none ;  churches  they  had  none ;  afflicted  with 
sickness  incident  to  all  new  countries,  sometimes  the  entire  family  at 
once;  luxuries  of  life  they  had  none;  the  auxiliaries,  improvements, 
inventions  and  labor-saving  machinery  of  to-day  they  had  not;  and 
what  they  possessed  they  obtained  by  the  hardest  of  labor  and  indi- 
vidual exertions,  yet  they  bore  these  hardships  and  privations  with- 
out murmuring,  hoping  for  better  times  to  come,  and  often,  too, 
with  but  little  prospects  of  realization. 

As  before  mentioned,  the  changes  written  on  every  hand  are  most 
wonderful.  It  has  been  but  three-score  years  since  the  white  man 
began  to  exercise  dominion  over  this  region,  erst  the  home  of  the 
red  men,  yet  the  visitor  of  to-day,  ignorant  of  the  past  of  the  coun- 
ty, could  scarcely  be  made  to  realize  that  within  tliese  years  there 
has  grown  up  a  population  of  50,000  people,  who  in  all  the  accom- 
plishments of  life  are  as  far  advanced  as  are  inhabitants  of  the  coun- 
ties of  older  States.  Schools,  churches,  colleges,  palatial  dwellings, 
beautiful  grounds,  large,  well  cultivated  and  productive  farms,  as 
well  as  cities,  towns  and  busy  manufactories,  have  grown  up,  and 
occupy  the  hunting  grounds  and  camping  places  of  the  Indians,  and 
in  every  direction  there  are  evidences  of  wealth,  comfort  and  lux- 
ury. There  is  but  little  left  of  the  old  landmarks.  Advanced 
civilization  and  the  progressive  demands  of  revolving  years  have 
obliterated  all  traces  of  Indian  occupancy,  until  they  are  only 
remembered  in  name. 

In  closing  this  chapter  we  again  would  impress  upon  the  minds 
of  our  readers  the  fact  that  they  owe  a  debt  of  gratitude  to  those 
who  pioneered  Fulton  county,  which  can  be  but  partially  repaid. 
Never  grow  unmindful  of  the  peril  and  adventure,  fortitude,  self- 
sacrifice  and  heroic  devotion  so  prominently  displayed  in  their  lives. 
As  time  sweeps  on  its  ceaseless  flight,  may  the  cherished  memories 
of  them  lose  none  of  their  greenness,  but  may  the  future  genera- 
tions alike  cherish  and  perpetuate  them  with  a  just  dev^otion  to 
gratitude. 


CHAPTER  III. 

IMPORTANT  LABORS  OF  THE  COUNTY  COMMISSIONERS'  COURT. 

First  Meeting. — The  lirst  meeting  of  the  County  Commissioners' 
Court  of  Fulton  county  was  held  at  "the  office  of  H.  R.  Colter  in  the 
town  of  Lewistown,"  on  the  3d  day  of  June,  1823.  The  records 
hold  forth  the  "office  of  H.  Ti.  Colter"  very  prominently,  yet  we 
surmise  this  "office"  of  which  the  records  speak  so  often  was  simply 
a  portion  of  his  cabin  home.  David  W.  Barnes,  Thomas  R.  Co  veil 
and  Joseph  Moffatt,  County  Commissioners,  were  all  present.  The 
first  business  transacted  by  the  Court  was  the  appointment  of  Hugh 
R.  Colter  as  Clerk.  The  records  open  with  the  simple  statement 
that  "the Court  held  a  special  term  June  3, 1823."  They  give  us  no 
information  whatever  concerning  its  organization,  or  its  previous 
history,  or  of  the  organization  of  the  county,  but,  like  the  Holy 
Scriptures,  begins  with  unqualified  statements  and  records  its  acts 
with  the  greatest  simplicity.  We  were,  however,  fortunate  enough 
to  find  in  another  old  book  some  memorandums  of  the  prior  history 
of  this  Court,  and  of  the  official  transactions  of  the  county  previous 
to  the  first  meeting  of  the  Commissioners'  Court.  These  items, 
which  are  noted  on  the  first  four  pages  of  the  first  Circuit  Court 
records,  are  headed  "Fulton  County  Clerk's  Records."  These 
were  kept  by  Hugh  R.  Colter,  and  were  written  previous  to  his  ap- 
pointment as  Clerk  by  the  Commissioners,  and  even  prior  to  his 
being  qualified  as  Justice  of  the  Peace.  The  most  satisfactory 
solution  we  can  give  why  he  should  thus  head  the  records  and  by 
what  authority  he  swore  men  into  office  and  transacted  other  official 
business,  was,  that  he  was  appointed  by  the  Legislature  (act  of  Jan. 
18th,  1823,  for  the  organization  of  Fulton  county),  as  a  Clerk  to 
transact  such  business  as  was  necessary  to  carry  out  the  provisions 
of  the  act  and  complete  the  organization  of  the  county.  Whether 
this  was  really  the  case  or  not  we  cannot  positively  state,  as  we 
have  been  unable  to  procure  a  copy  of  the  act.  The  record  of  these 
four  pages  embrace  the  following  items  : 

On  Feb.  11,  1823,  nearly  four  months  prior  to  the  date  of  Colter 
being  appointed  Clerk  of  the  Commissioners'  Court,  this  certificate 
was  recorded :  "This  day  Ossian  M.  Ross  personally  appeared  be- 
fore me  and  took  the  several  oaths  prescribed  by  law  to  authorize 
him  to  act  as  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  and  for  the  county  of  Fulton, 
State  of  Illinois,  and  on  the  back  of  his  commission   I   wrote  and 


238  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

subscribed  the  usual  certificate."  Then  follows  a  similar  record  of  a 
certificate  of  John  N.  Ross  to  act  as  County  purveyor. 

On  March  17  Mr.  Colter  recorded  in  this  same  place  that  he  had 
advertised  an  election  authorized  by  law  for  county  officials,  to  be 
held  at  the  house  of  Ossian  M.  Ross  on  the  ]4th  day  of  April  en- 
suing. On  that  day  he  noted  the  following  words :  "This  day  I 
attended  the  election  for  county  officers  and  qualified  the  judges 
who  conducted  the  election ;"  and  on  the  same  date,  which  was 
April  14,  these  :  "Received  in  this  office  the  returns  of  the  above 
election,  and  after  examining  said  returns  I  gave  certificates  to  the 
following  persons,  to-wit :  David  W.  Barnes,  Thomas  R.  Covell  and 
Joseph  Moffiitt ;  Coroner,  William  Clark ;  for  Sheriff,  Abner  Eads." 
He  then  states  that  John  Hamlin  and  Samuel  Fulton  appeared  before 
him  and  (puilified  as  Justices  of  the  Peace. 

On  April  29  Thomas  R.  Covell  came  before  him  and  (pialified  to 
act  as  Lieutenant  in  the  17th  Regiment  of  the  Illinois  Militia.  May 
12,  we  find  this:  "Ossian  M.  Ross,  Esq.,  deposited  in  this  office  the 
following  certificate  for  record,  to-wit :  Hugh  R.  Colter  personally 
appeared  before  me  and  took  the  several  oaths  prescribed  by  law  to 
authorize  him  to  act  as  Justice  of  the  Peace." 

He  next  records  that  on  May  17  he  sent  from  his  office  an  official 
certificate  to  the  Governor,  relative  to  the  situation  of  our  county 
officers,  who  were  elected  on  the  14th  of  April  at  the  house  of  (). 
M.  Ross. 

On  June  3  he  wrote  that  "Joseph  Moffiitt  took  the  oaths  pre- 
scribed by  law  to  authorize  him  to  act  as  County  Commissioner. 
David  W.  Barnes  and  Thomas  R.  Covell  qualified  April  15." 

July  4  William  Eads  qualified  as  Sherifi'  and  the  following  day 
William  Clark  as  Coroner. 

The  last  item  on  these  four  pages  of  record  is  a  certificate  filed 
July  9,  from  O.  M.  Ross,  certifying  that  Hugh  R.  Colter  appeared 
before  him  and  took  the  oath  to  act  as  Judge  of  Probate. 

Thus  we  have  all  the  items,  or  record  of  the  official  acts  (save  the 
one  we  give  below  relative  to  locating  the  county-seat)  prior  to  the 
first  meeting  of  the  Commissioners'  Court  that  the  officiating  pio- 
neers have  left  us. 

Appoinfmottft  bi/  the  Court. — After  the  Court  had  appointed  a 
Clerk,  it  recommended  to  the  Governor  that  Amherst  C.  Ransom  be 
appointed  Justice  of  the  Peace,  vice  Samuel  Fulton,  resigned.  The 
next  act  was  the  appointment  of  John  Eveland  as  Treasurer  of  the 
county.  Then  Thomas  Ij.  Ross  was  appointed  Assessor.  Aquila 
Moffiitt,  John  Grifiin,  George  Matthews,  William  Totten  and  Hor- 
ace Enos  were  appointed  Constables. 

Road  Precincts. — The  county  was  then  divided  into  road  pre- 
cincts, and  William  Eads  appointed  superintendent  for  district  No, 
1,  which  began  at  Ft.  Clark  (now  Peoria)  and  ran  northwesterly  to 
the  Mississippi  river.  Stephen  Chase  was  appointed  su])erintendent 
for  district  No,  2,  which   road  ran  from  Ft.  Clark  through  Lewis- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  239 

town  to  the  month  of  Spoon  river.  Amo.s  Evekind  was  ap^jointed 
for  district  No.  3,  which  "hegan  at  Spoon-river  bhiifs  and  continn- 
ing  same  to  base  line."  This  wonkl  run  it  sonth  to  Beardstown. 
"The  Conrt  was  then  declared  adjourned,  to  meet  at  seven  o'clock 
on  the  4th,  by  O.  M.  Ross,  an  elisor,  [acting  sheriif]  who  was 
appointed  for  that  purpose. 

Counfy-fSeaf  Loeafcd. — The  Court  met  on  the  4th  and  the  follow- 
ing papers  were  laid  before  the  august  judges:  "A  return  made  bv 
the  Commissioners  who  located  the  seat  of  justice ;  and  also  a  deed 
made  by  O.  M.  Ross  to  the  county  of  Fulton  for  13  town  lots  in 
the  town  of  Lewistown  for  })ublic  pur})Oses."  Further  on  in  these 
records  we  find  the  report  for  the  location  of  the  county-seat  re- 
corded, which  report  we  give  in  full: 

"A  Return  of  the  ^ 'o//i»;(.s.s/ow;-s  irlm  Locafid  the  Sc<(t  of  Jiisfici'  for  Fulton  Coinittj, 

lUinoiii  : 

"Know  all  men  by  these  presents,  that  we,  the  undersigned  Commissioners, 
having  been  appointed  agreeably  to  an  act  of  the  Legislature,  approved  Jan- 
uary 2<S,  LS2.'],  an  act  forming  a  new  county  out  of  the  attached  part  of  the 
County  of  Pike,  to  be  called  Fulton,  now  know  ye  that,  whereas  we, 
John  Totten,  Stephen  Chase  and  Hugh  R.  Colter,  were  appointed  by  said  act 
Commissioners  to  locate  the  permanent  seat  of  justice  for  said  county,  met  at 
the  house  of  David  W.  Barnes  in  said  county  on  the  11th  day  of  February, 
1S23,  and  being  duly  sworn  before  Ossian  M.  Ross,  Esq.,  a  Justice  of  the 
Peace,  Ave  then  proceeded  to  make  inquiries  and  to  hear  proposals  from  inhab- 
itants of  said  county;  and  after  some  time  spent  therein  we  adjourned  till  the 
14th  inst.,  at  the  house  of  0.  M.  Ross,  in  said  county.  On  the  14th  we  met, 
and  after  taking  into  consideration  the  duties  of  our  office  we  agreed  to,  ancl 
do  herel)y  permanently  locate  the  seat  of  justice  of  said  county  of  Fulton  on 
lot  No.  214,  in  the  town  of  Lewistown,  being  on  the  southwest  quarter  of  sec- 
tion 22,  township  5  north  and  range  3  east ;  said  town  of  Lewistown  having 
been  platted  and  surveyed  by  Stephen  Dewey,  Esq.,  and  on  the  lands  belong- 
ing to  Ossian  M.  Ross,  Esq.,  in  said  town  aforesaid,  and  as  a  donation  to  said 
county.  The  said  Ross  has  this  day  made  to  the  county  of  Fulton  a  good  war- 
rantee deed  in  fee  simple  for  the  following  town  lots  for  ])ublic  buildings,  etc., 
to-wit :  Lot  No.  Ki  for  burying  yard,  and  lots  Nos.  213,  214  and  215  for  a  court- 
house and  jail,  and  lots  Nos.  147,  148,  149, 180,  181  and  182  for  a  public  square, 
or  at  the  disposal  of  the  County  Commissioners,  for  public  or  county  purposes. 
In  testimony  whereof  we  have  hereunto  set  our  hands  and  seals  this  14th  dav 
of  Februarv,  1823.  .JOHN  TOTTEN, 

HUGH  R.    COLTER, 
STEPHEN  CHASE." 

Tavern  Licoi.scx. — The  first  "tavern"  license  was  granted  at  this 
term  of  the  C'ourt.  A  tavern  in  those  days  was  a  combination  of 
an  inn  and  a  saloon.  The  proprietor,  however,  did  not  expect  to 
derive  any  great  revenue  from  the  hotel,  but  looked  to  his  liquors 
for  an  income.  Manv  of  these  "taverns"  were  the  smallest  of  lot? 
cabins.  Here  and  there  all  over  the  country,  sometimes  miles  from 
any  other  cabin,  they  might  be  found.  Some  of  them  were  indicated 
to  be  such  by  signs  nailed  to  a  post,  tree,  or  to  the  side  of  the  cabin. 
These  were  of  the  rudest  make  and  design.  Some  simply  had  the 
word  "entertainment"  scrawled  upon  them,  while  others,  more 
explicit,  read  "  entertainment  for  man  and  beast."  Some  were  still 
more  definite  and  said  simply  "  whisky  and  oats."     The  storms  of 


240  HISTOEY    OF    FULTON    COUXTY. 

a  half  century,  the  advancement  of  civilization,  the  culture  of  the 
age,  have  all  combined  to  transform  these  rudest  of  signs,  scribbled 
by  an  uncultured  pioneer  upon  hewn  boards,  into  gilded  and  glitter- 
ing letters  artistically  traced  upon  French-plate  glass. 

The  name  by  which  the  place  was  known  where  liquor  was  vended 
was  shortly  after  this  changed  from  "tavern"  to  ''grocery"  or 
" groggery," and  subsequently  assumed  the  appellation  of  "saloon;" 
and  finally,  that  coming  into  disrepute,  many  have  adopted  the  more 
modern  title  of  "sample  room,"  "hall,"  "garden,"  etc. 

The  Court  ordered,  "that  Ossian  M.  Ross  have  license  to  keep  an 
inn  or  tavern  in  the  house  wherein  he  now  resides,  by  paying  the 
sum  of  SlO,  in  '  State  paper.'"  The  following  schedule  of  "tavern 
rates"  were  then  established  to  govern  him : 

Yiituals,  per  meal, 25  cents 

Horse  keeping,  per  niwht, 375    " 

Lodging,  per  night, 12.j     u 

"Whisky,  per  half  pint, I25    n 

Rum  and  gin,  per  half  pint, 25 

French  brandy,  per  half  pint, 50 

Wine,  per  half  pint, 37.V    .. 

And  all  other  liquors  in  like  proportion. 

Joseph  Ogee  was  granted  similar  license,  with  the  same  schedule 
regulating  him. 

Ferry  License. — ().  ]\I.  Ross  was  then  given  a  license  to  keep  a 
ferry  across  the  Illinoi>  at  the  mouth  of  Spoon  river,  the  present 
site  of  Havana.  He  continued  t<>  run  this  ferry  until  his  death, 
which  occurred  in  1887,  and  after  which  his  sons  ran  it  for  a  number 
of  years.  During  the  earlier  years  Mr.  Ross  would  send  a  man 
down  to  the  river  every  few  days  to  carry  the  travelers  with  their 
saddles  across  the  water  in  a  canoe,  swimming  their  horses  beside  it. 
It  was  generally  understood  among  the  settlers  on  both  sides  what 
days  the  ferryman  would  be  there,  and  travelers  always  learned  of  the 
time.  This  was  considered  a  splendid  way  to  cross  the  river  and  a 
great  accommodation  to  those  who  came  to  look  at  the  country  in 
the  Military  Tract. 

The  following  were  the  ferry  rates  established  by  the  Court : 

Man  and  horse 25    cents. 

Each   footman 122  " 

Each  wagon  drawn  by  two  hoi-ses  or  oxen 75  u 

Each  additional  horse  or  ox 122 

Each  hog  or  sheep «    3  " 

Each  lead  or  drove  horse,  or  other  animal 12i  a 

Each  cart  drawn  by  two  oxen 50  a 

Each  Dearborn  wagon  or  sulky. 75  " 

And  all  other  property  in  the  same  proportion,  and  double  when 
the  river  is  over  its  banks. 

These  rates  seem  high,  but  ferry  patronage  was  limited,  for  we 
certainly  must  know  that  the  number  of  persons  were  few  who 
desired  to  cross  the  Illinois  river  at  any  one  point  fifty-six  years  ago. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  241 

More  Justices  of  the  Peace. — The  Court  then  recommended,  as  a  fit 
and  suitable  person  for  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Mr.  Wm.  Eads,  of 
Peoria,  then  known  as  Fort  Clark.  Further  on  in  the  records  we 
find  the  trio  of  Commissioners  ordered  that  John  Kinzie  be  recom- 
mended to  the  Governor  as  a  fit  person  for  Justice  of  the  Peace  for 
Fulton  county.  This  jrentleman  was  the  well  known  first  settler  of 
Chicago,  and  at  that  time  resided  there,  it  then  being  in  this  county. 
It  must  be  remembered  that  Fult(Mi  county  at  that  time  spread  over 
a  vast  territory,  and  embraced  all  of  the  northern  part  of  the  State. 
Yes,  though  unlearned  in  law  and  unacquainted  with  science  and 
literature,  the  Commissioners  held  jurisdiction  over  a  large  district; 
and  that  they  conducted  the  public  affairs  rightly,  and  built  a  firm 
and  solid  foundation  upon  which  the  future  prosperity  and  greatness 
of  this  portion  of  our  beloved  State  should  rest,  can  not  ])e  gainsaid. 
This  is  plainly  evident  from  the  unparalleled  strides  made  in  agricul- 
tural and  mechanical  progress;  from  the  hundreds  of  thousands  of 
busy  inhabitants  now  dwelling  within  this  territory  ;  and  from  the 
vast  stores  of  wealth  accumulated  solely  from  resources  within  it. 
Those  great  and  unconcealed  wonders  reflect  honor  and  credit  each 
day  upon  their  founders;  and  as  days  and  years  multiply,  when  the 
same  territory  over  which  they  presided  shall  l)e  teeming  with  mil- 
lions of  earnest  and  energetic  people,  then  will  great  honors  and 
more  exultant  praise  and  adoration  be  expressed  for  the  brave,  sturdy 
pioneers  who  explored  and  opened  up  a  region  so  prolific,  and  founded 
a  community  that  for  genius,  enterprise  and  wealth  will  in  the  near 
future  out-rank  many  older  settled  countries,  and  indeed  will  vie 
with  many  kingdoms  of  the  earth.  Then  these  vast  prairies  will  be 
cultivated  as  a  garden.  Every  forest  tree  and  woodland  will  be  util- 
ized, and  populous  cities  with  numerous  factories  and  vast  stores  of 
commerce  may  be  numbered  by  the  score.  Then  will  the  modes  of 
travel  be  superior  to  the  remarkable  railroad  facilities  of  to-day,  and 
transport  the  increased  products  with  greater  facility.  Indeed,  every- 
thing will  then  })e  as  different  and  as  superior  to  what  they  are  at 
present  as  the  things  of  to-day  are  as  compared  with  those  of  fifty 
years  ago.  Our  readers  may  regard  this  as  wild  and  unreasonable 
speculation,  as  wholly  visionary;  but  they  are  only  the  conclusions 
deduced  from  a  carefid  study  of  history,  of  a  comparison  of  what 
has  been  accomplished,  with  certain  advantages,  with  the  results  that 
the  superior  advantages  now  enjoyed  will  as  certainly  accomplish. 

Fin-t  Court-House. — The  Court  then  ordered  "that  a  court-house 
be  built,  with  a  jail  under  the  same  roof;  said  buildings  to  be  built 
of  bricks,  26  by  34  feet,  two  stories  high  and  well  finished,  or  a 
hewed-log  building  24x30  feet,  one  and  a  half  stories  high,  w^ith  a 
separate  building  for  jail,  12x15  feet,  built  of  hewed  timber  one 
foot  square  and  well  finished  off  and  secure  in  every  part.  " 

It  was  then  ordered  that  the  Court  meet  July  3,  at  the  office  of 
Hugh  R.  Colter,  to  let  the  above  jobs.  Before  adjourning,  how- 
ever, a  tax  was  ordered  levied  on  personal  property,  household  goods 
excepted,  and  on  all  town  lots  at  "  one-half  per  cent." 


242  HISTOEY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

On  July  3  Barnes  and  Covell  met  per  agreement,  but  adjourned 
without  transacting  any  business,  because  MoflPat  was  not  present. 
They  met  again  the  following  day,  and  again  adjourned,  "for  good 
causes,  till  the  5th  at  five  o'clock  in  the  mornino:."  That  was  an 
early  hour  for  officials  to  assemble  to  transact  ])ublic  business. 
Soon,  however,  the  Commissioners  did  not  meet  till  a  later  and  a 
more  fashionable  hour,  one  in  keeping  with  the  modern  spirit  of  the 
age.  As  the  customs  of  civilization  began  to  make  themselves  felt, 
they  adjourned  to  meet  at  nine  o'clock.  The  honorable  Commis- 
sioners would  fain  indulge  in  a  second  morning  nap  and  not  don  the 
ermine  till  the  "  third  hour  of  the  day."  And  before  this  distin- 
guished and  time-honored  official  body  was  abolished  ten  o'clock 
was  the  hour  for  opening  Court. 

On  the  5th  the  Court  assembled  and  by  Abner  Eads,  Sheriff, 
was  declared  opened.  This  is  the  first  time  Eads  attended  Court. 
A  petition  was  presented  by  O.  M.  Ross,  a  former  supervisor  of 
roads,  praying  to  have  the  privilege  of  returning  the  delinquents  of 
his  district  or  of  giving  them  over  to  the  present  supervisor  in  dis- 
trict 3,  "  on  the  road  leading  from  the  village  of  Peoria  to  the 
mouth  of  the  Illinois  river." 

.  In  regard  to  the  court-house  and  jail  it  was  ordered  that  the  fol- 
loAving  be  a  description  of  their  size  and  the  manner  in  which  said 
buildings  are  to  be  finished  : 

"The  size  of  the  court-house  26x30  feet,  <me  and  a  half  stones 
high,  and  built  of  hewn  logs ;  a  shingle  roof,  the  shingles  three  feet 
long  and  well  nailed  on  ;  the  u])])er  floor,  if  puncheons,  to  be  hewed 
on  both  sides ;  three  windows  below  and  two  above,  with  twelve 
lights  of  glass  in  each  window  ;  window  shutters  to  each  window;  a 
brick  chimney  with  two  fire-places,  one  below  and  one  above ;  one 
pair  of  stairs  to  go  up  on  the  inside  of  said  building,  to  accommo- 
date the  upper  room.  The  above  building  to  be  raised  and  the  roof 
on  so  that  Court  can  be  held  in  said  house  at  the  next  term  of  the 
Circuit  Court,  which  will  be  on  the  second  Monday  of  October 
next ;  and  to  be  completed  by  the  first  day  of  January  next.  One- 
half  of  the  money  to  be  paid  to  the  contractor  when  the  house  is 
raised  and  covered,  and  the  l)alance  when  the  house  is  completed. 

"  On  motion  it  was  ordered  that  the  following  is  a  description  of 
the  style  in  which  the  jail  is  to  be  finished,  to- wit :  All  of  hewed 
logs  or  timber  one  foot  square,  floors  and  sides ;  one  Avindow  with 
good  iron  grates  ;  the  roof  to  be  the  same  as  that  of  the  court-house ; 
a  arood  jail-door,  and  evervthins;  else  to  make  it  a  strong,  substan- 
tial jail." 

The  records  then  (piaintly  proceed  in  the  following  strain  :  "  On 
motion  it  was  ordered  that  the  above  described  buildings,  agreeably 
to  previous  agreement,  are  set  up  and  sold  to  the  lowest  l)idder. 
Agreeably  to  said  order  the  jail  was  set  up  and  offered  to  the  public, 
and  was  finally  stricken  off'  to  Ossian  M.  Ross,  for  the  sum  of  8276, 
to  be  paid  in  State  paper.     The  court-house  was  then  ordered  set  up 


;^^- 


^' 


^,^-*=o-<t   ^***'*«, 


% 


OF   THE 
UNIVERSITY   CF   ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY    OF    FI'I>TOX    fOI'NTY.  245 

to  the  public,  whic^h  was  done,  and  it  also  stricken  off  to  Ossian  M. 
Ross,  for  1500." 

Laying  out  Roads. — For  many  years  the  petitions  for  roads  occu- 
pied ;•<  very  large  proportion  of  the  Court's  time  and  attention,  and 
consumed  more  space  to  record  than  all  other  proceedings.  They 
are  similar  in  construction,  and  it  would  be  useless,  and  worse,  to 
speak  of  them  as  often  as  they  occur.  At  this  meeting  a  petition 
was  presented  from  sundry  citizens  "  for  a  road  running  from  the 
town  of  Lewistown  through  the  village  of  Peoria  in  said  county." 
The  present  thriving  city  of  Peoria  was  only  a  "  village,"  Avhile  Lew- 
istown was  able  to  wear  the  more  exalted  name  of  "  town."  View- 
ers were  ajjpointed,  as  Avas  the  custom,  and  the  road  viewed  and 
thought  to  be  of  "practical  utility,"  and  was  then  ordered  by  the 
Court  to  be  opened. 

First  Treasurer. — John  Eveland,  the  gentleman  who  was  ap- 
pointed Treasurer  at  the  first  meeting  of  the  Court,  "  neglected  to 
appear  and  take  his  engagements  in  Court  as  the  law  directs." 
Thomas  L.  Ross  was  then  appointed  and  qualified.  Thus,  John 
Eveland  lost  the  honor  of  being  the  first  Treasurer  of  this  grand 
old  county.  AVhy  it  was  that  he  did  not  qualify  we  know  not.  It 
is  true  the  labors  were  light,  and  the  remuneration  was  proportion- 
ately small;  yet,  probably  his  own  business  aifairs  would  not  per- 
mit him  to  assume  the  duties  of  an  office  so  responsible. 

First  Grand  Jury. — The  Sheriff  was  then  ordered  to  summon 
persons  to  compose  the  grand  jury  "for  the  next  term  of  the  Cir- 
cuit Court,"  which  was  to  have  been  held  at  the  court-house  on  the 
second  Monday  of  October,  1823  ;  but  from  the  Circuit  Court  records 
it  is  evident  that  no  Court  was  held  until  the  following  spring, 
when  another  jury  was  summoned,  which,  although  composed  of 
almost  the  same  men,  Ave  give  in  its  proper  place.  The  following 
persons  were  chosen  at  this  time  as  grand  jurors:  A.  C.  Ransom, 
Joseph  Ogee,  Elijah  .Wentworth,  Elijah  Putnian,  Benjamin  Seaville, 
Stephen  Chase,  John  Totten,  George  Brown,  John  Eveland,  Ros- 
well  B.  Fenner,  Thomas  L.  Ross,  William  T.  Davison,  Hazael  Put- 
man,  Amos  Eveland,  George  INIattheAvs,  John  Woolcott,  Xorman 
Seaville,  Theodore  Sergeant,  David  Gallintin,  William  Higo-ins, 
Isaac   Swan,  Peter  Wood,  Charles  Gardner  and  James  I^veland. 

First  3farriage. — The  first  record  of  a  marriage  in  the  county,  or 
the  first  license  or  certificate  of  which  any  record  is  made,  is  the  fol- 
lowing: "The  second  of  July,  1823,  H.  R.  Colter  j(»ined  together 
Thomas  L.  Ross  and  Susan  Xye  in  the  bonds  of  matrimony,  both 
of  lawful  age,  and  by  virtue  of  license  from  proper  authority." 
Who  the  "proper  authority"  was  Ave  are  unable  to  say,  as  we  have 
on  record  no  other  e\'idence  of  this  mari'iage  than  the  aboA-e.  The 
first  marriage  license  issued,  as  recorded,  AAas  not  until  about  a  year 
after  this. 

Commissioners  Paid  for  Locating  County-^eat. — The  Court  met 
Sept.  ],  1823,  and,  among  other  transactions,  allowed  H.  R.  Colter 

16 


246  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX   COUNTY. 

$4  for  services  performed  in  locating  the  seat  of  justice  for  the 
county.  Stephen  Chase  was  then  given  a  like  amount.  Whether 
John  Totten,  the  other  member  of  the  commission,  ever  received 
any  pay  we  do  not  know;  and  as  no  record  is  made  of  it,  suppose  he 
did  not. 

Pay  for  Assessing  the  Taxes. — The  Treasurer,  Thomas  L.  Ross, 
then  also  Assessor,  was  allowed  the  enormous  amount  of  §16  for 
"taking  a  list  of  the  taxable  property  of  this  county."  When  we 
consider  the  size  of  the  county,  which  included  all  of  the  northern 
part  of  this  great  State,  we  can  realize  to  some  extent  the  small 
amount  of  property  there  was  to  assess  and  the  value  the  honorable 
Court  put  upon  Assessor  Ross'  labors.  But  Mr.  Ross  did  not  do 
all  of  the  assessing,  nor  did  §16  include  total  cost  for  assessing  the 
entire  county.  Xo ;  for  in  the  same  act  we  find  that  the  "Treasurer 
was  ordered  to  pay  A.  C.  Ransom  S4  for  taking  the  taxable  property 
of  Chicago,  in  said  county,  and  collecting  the  same,"  so  soon  as  he, 
said  Ransom,  should  ])ay  the  money  thus  collected  over  to  the 
County  Treasurer.  Thus  we  see  there  is  a  small  amount  more  to 
be  added  to  the  §16.  The  assessment  of  Chicago,  which  was  then 
in  this  county,  was  let  out  to  another  party.  But  the  §4  it  must  be 
remembered  was  Ransom's  remuneration  for  both  the  assessment 
and  collection  of  the  taxes  of  that  place.  Now,  allowing  Ransom  as 
much  for  collecting  the  taxes  of  Ciiicago  as  for  assessing  them,  Ave 
have  §2  for  the  labors  of  each,  which,  added  to  the  §16  allowed  Mr. 
Ross,  would  make  §18,  as  the  full  and  total  amount  for  assessing 
one-third  of  the  great  State  of  Illinois,  and,  too,  only  a  little  over  a 
half  centurv  atjo.  This  was  the  first  assessment  ever  made  of  this 
territory  so  far  as  we  are  al)le  to  discover.  We  were  enabled  to  go 
into  further  details  in  regard  to  this  tax  of  Chicago,  and  figure 
the  value  of  the  property  of  that  city  at  that  time.  Ransom  never  re- 
ceived his  four  dollars,  nor  did  the  county  ever  become  the  possessor 
of  the  amount  of  taxes  collected  by  him.  Ransom  was  a  defaulter. 
He  collected  the  money,  consigned  it  to  his  own  coffers,  and  went 
about  his  business,  leaving  the  honorable  Court  to  vent  their  indig- 
nation in  passing  orders  for  him  to  "  hand  the  taxes  over  to  the 
Treasurer  immediately."  Thus  we  see  that  the  very  first  man  in 
Chicago  who  ever  handled  public  moneys  defaulted,  and  many  in 
that  o-reat  citv  have  admired  Ransom's  course  and  "  gone  and  done 
likewise."  Sept.  3,  1823,  the  Court  peremptorily  ordered  Ransom 
to  hand  over  the  money,  but  he  did  not  comply.  Nov.  30  of  the 
same  year  two  citations  were  issued  against  Abner  Eads  and  Am- 
herst C.  Ransom  to  ajjpear  at  the  next  term  of  the  Court  and  account 
for  taxes  collected  in  Chicago.  The  pioneers  were  generally  veiy 
strict  in  having  officials  gi^^e  "good  and  sufiicient  l)onds"  for  the 
faithful  perfi)rnian('e  of  their  duties  and  to  insure  the  safety  of  })ublic 
funds,  but  it  ap])ears  that  Ransom  gave  none.  The  Sherifi,  how- 
ever, was  the  collector  of  the  county,  and  to  Kim  the  Court  looked 
for  Ransom's  default  to  be  made  good.     Accordingly  at  the  next 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  2-17 

term,  liaiii^om  not  having  pnt  in  an  appearance,  the  full  amount 
of  taxes  collected  at  Chicago  was  charged  up  to  Sheriff  Eads.  This 
fell  sorely  upon  the  indignant  Sheriff,  and  he  appealed  to  the  Court 
to  be  released.  The  Commissioners  were  at  first  immovable,  but 
finally,  at  the  June  term,  ]<S2o,  he  'Svas  given  $11.42,  being  the 
amount  deducted  from  his  account  as  taxes  collected  at  Chicago." 
The  assessment  was  made  at  one-half  of  one  per  cent ;  therefore,  if 
$11.42  was  this  proportion  of  the  whole  value  of  the  projjerty  of 
Chicago,  that  would  reach  the  large  amount  of  $2,284. 

First  Petit  .hir)/. — Let  us  return  to  the  Se})tember  meeting  of 
1823.  The  jail  was  completed  and  received,  and  Stephen  Chase, 
Deputy  Sheriff',  was  ordered  to  have  the  key  to  said  jail.  A  traverse 
or  petit  jury  was  then  selected  for  the  Circuit  Court  which  should 
meet  the  second  Monday  in  October :  Joseph  Moffatt,  Samuel  Daugh- 
erty,  John  Griffin,  Wm.  Eads,  Aquila  Moffatt,  James  Fulton,  Seth 
Fulton,  William  Clark,  David  D.  Harkness,  James  .P.  Harkness, 
Peter  White,  M.  G.  Fitch,  Thomas  Covell,  D.  W.  Barnes,  Wm. 
Smith,  John  Pixley,  Chas.  Sergeant,  Reuben  Eveland,  A.  W.  Wil- 
liams, Reuben  Fenuer,  Ossian  M.  Ross,  John  L.  Bogardus,  Edward 
Carney  and  Isaac  Eveland. 

Another  Ferry. — John  Griffin  antl  A(|uila  Moffatt  were  granted  a 
license  to  run  a  ''  ferry  across  the  Illinois  river  from  and  opposite 
the  village  of  Peoria."  The  Commissioners  persisted  in  having 
Peoria  a  "village  !  " 

The  Couniii  Divided  into  JMilitia  Frecinct't. — Among  the  pioneers 
"training"  or  "muster  day"  was  one  which  was  looked  forward  to 
with  feelings  of  pleasure.  We  give  a  description  of  drill-day  in 
this  volume,  page  212.  It  was  necessary  to  have  a  well  organized 
militia  to  repel  ariy  invasion  of  the  Indians,  which  at  that  time 
were  numerous.  The  Commissioners'  Court  in  its  official  capacity 
took  note  of  this,  and  accordingly  they  ordered  "that  the  county  of 
Fulton  and  all  the  attached  part  thereof  compose  one  battalion  dis- 
trict, and  is  hereby  attached  to  the  17th  regiment  of  Illinois  militia." 
The  county  was  then  divided  into  three  company  districts,  and  an 
election  for  the  first  com])any  district  ordered  to  be  held  at  the  court- 
house Saturday,  September  1,  1823,  fi)r  choosing  a  major.  John 
W^oolcott,  Stephen  Chase  and  David  Gallintin  were  a],)pointed 
judges.  An  election  was  ordered  at  the  house  of  Joseph  (Jgee  "  in 
the  village  of  Peoria,"  <»n  the  last  Saturday  in  September,  for  the 
same  purpose.  Edward  Carney,  Wm.  Eads  and  Peter  Wood  were 
appointed  judges.  The  third  company  district  was  ordered  to  hold 
a  meeting  at  the  house  of  John  Kinzie,  in  Chicago,  on  the  same 
day  and  for  the  purjiose  of  choosing  a  major  and  company  officers. 
John  Kinzie,  Alex.  Woolcott  and  John  Hamlin  were  appointed 
judges. 

Fine  for  SeUinfj  Whisky. — In  June,  1823,  S.  Daugherty  was  fined 
by  the  Court  for  selling  whisky  to  the  Indians  at  Peoria, 


248  HISTORY    OF    FrLTO>:    COUXTY. 

Firf<t  Marriage  in  Chicago. — Vrdindon  the  records  the  following : 
"September  4,  1823.  Received  in  this  office  for  record  the  foUoAV- 
ing  certificate,  to-wit : 

"I  hereby  certify  that  on  the  second  day  of  July  last  I  joined  together  in 
the  holy  state  of  matrimony  Alexander  Woolcott  and  Eleanor  Kinzie,  both  of 
lawful  age. 

"FuLTOx  rorxTY,  Aug.  22,  1823.  .  "JOHN  HAMLIN,  J.  P." 

These  parties  lived  in  Chicago  and  were  the  first  couple  ever 
married  in  that  city,  so  far  as  we  have  any  evidence.  Woolcott  Mas 
quite  a  prominent  man  in  the  early  history  of  that  city,  and  for 
many  years  what  is  now  Xorth  State  street  bore  his  name.  Eleanor 
Kinzie,  the  bride,  was  the  daughter  of  the  famous  Indian  trader 
and  first  permanent  settler  of  C'hicago.  We  give  a  cut  of  his 
dwelling  in  this  work.  John  Hamlin  was  Justice  of  the  Peace  and 
lived  at  Peoria.  It  may  be  possible  that  he  lived  at  Chicago  at  this 
time,  but  we  find  him  the  followinor  vear  as  a  Peoria  merchant. 
Thus  we  have  the  simple  and  only  official  record  of  the  first  mar- 
riage solemnized  in  the  oreat  citv  of  Chicago. 

Colter,  Circuit  acr/;.— November  30,  1823,  H.  R.  Colter  was 
given  §40  as  full  compensation  up  to  that  date  for  services  a.s 
"Deputy  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  ten  months  and  Clerk  of  the 
County  Commissioners'  Court  for  six  months."  Who  it  was  that 
was  Circuit  Clerk  we  knou"  not,  but  suppose  there  was  none,  as  no 
mention  is  made  of  any,  and  all  the  writing  in  the  early  records 
was  done  by  Colter.  It  is  most  likely  that  he  was  both  Clerk  and 
Deputy,  as  he  held  almost  every  official  position.  Again,  we  are  at 
a  loss  to  know  where  he  served  his  ten  months  as  "Deputy  Clerk 
of  the  Circuit  Court,"  unless  it  was  at  recording  deeds,  for  up  to 
the  following  spring  no  session  of  the  Circuit  Court  had  been  held. 

O.  M.  Ross,  Treasurer, — Robert  Grant  was  ap])ointcd  Treasurer 
in  December,  1823,  in  the  absence  of  Thomas  L.  Ross,  the  Treas- 
urer. He,  however,  came  into  Court  Feb.  3,  1824,  and  "requested 
to  have  the  privilege  of  resigning."  This  privilege  was  granted,  and 
().  M.  Ross  appointed  in  his  stead  March  2,  1824. 

Xew  Commis>ii<)ners  and  a  Xew  Cleric. — In  August,  1824,  an  elec- 
tion was  held,  when  James  Barnes,  David  W.  Barnes  and  James 
Gardner  were  chosen  County  Commissioners.  They  were  evidently 
elected  on  the  "reform  ticket,"  for  np  sooner  had  they  received  the 
reins  of  government  into  their  hands  than  they  issued  an  order  de- 
capitating Clerk  Colter.  The  order  reads  as  follows:  "Ordered, 
that  Hugh  R.  Colter  be  dismissed  and  discharged  from  holding  the 
office  of  Clerk  of  this  Court,  for  charo-ino-  and  taking;  unlawful  fees 
when  acting  as  Clerk  of  said  county."  Stephen  Dewey  was  imme- 
diately appointed  to  fill  his  place.  It  appears  that  Colter  would  not 
willingly  give  uj)  the  records  at  the  pleasure  of  the  Court,  so  the 
honorable  body  "  ordered,  that  a  writ  issue  from  this  Court,  directed, 
to  the  Sheriff,  requesting  him  to  demand  the  records  of  this  Court 
from  Hugh  R.  Colter,  late  Clerk." 


HISTORY    OP    FULTON    COUNTY,  249 

A  Record  Book. — A  small  three-quire,  paper-covered  blank  book 
was  bought,  which  cost  $4.o().     A  very  high  price. 

Fearless  (Jominit^sioiiers. — During  the  year  the  Commissioners  pur- 
sued the  even  tenor  of  their  way,  granting  petitions  for  roads,  fer- 
ries, tavern  licenses  and  election  precincts ;  appointing  and  remov- 
ing officers  with  an  inflexibility  of  purpose  that  is  really  amusing. 
When  they  investigated  a  matter  there  were  no  ])al Hating  circum- 
stauces  to  screen  the  delinquent,  but  the  judicial  guillotine  cut  off 
official  heads  with  a  refreshing  impartiality.  Negligent  officers 
feared  the  power  of  the  "triple  C"  more  than  Damocles  feared  the 
hair-suspended  sword.  They  simply  and  plainly  said  "Go,"  and  the 
official  hesitated  not  but  went  at  once,  and  tliat  was  the  end  of  it. 

First  Marria(/e  License. — The  first  marriage  license  that  was  ever 
issued  from  this  county  was  on  New  Year's  day,  1825,  and  to 
Lyman  Tracy.  Previous  to  this  Justices  of  the  Peace,  or  other 
offi{aals,  would  perform  the  marriage  ceremony  and  then  send  a  cer- 
ti{i(';Ue  of  the  marriage  to  the  Clerk's  office  to  be  spread  upon  the 
r;Tords. 

Bounty  for  Wolf  Scalps. — Wo.lves  were  abundant  in  that  day  and 
:vere  troublesome  to  everybody.  As  a  motive  to  induce  persons  to 
kill  more  of  them  than  they  were  doing,  the  Commissioners,  on 
March  7,  1825,  offered  a  bounty  of  one  dollar  each  £ur  wolf  scalps. 
This  order  was  soon  repealed,  however,  for  wolf  scalps  came  in  so 
fist  that  in  a  short  time  the  county  would  have  been  bankrupt,  and 
yet  we  doubt  if  the  numl)er  of  w(dves  would  have  been  missed. 

Estraij  Pen. — One  of  the  curious  provisions  of  the  law  in  the 
times  of  which  we  are  now  writing  was,  that  stock  was  permitted  to 
run  at  large.  The  Supreme  Court  of  the  State  reversed  the  common- 
law  idea  prevailing  almost  universally  in  regard  to  stock  running  at 
large.  In  consequence  of  this  every  man  was  comjudled  to  fence 
his  entire  farm  to  protect  his  crops  from  wandering  herds.  The 
decision  of  the  Court  required  stock  to  be  fenced  out  instead  of  in. 
It  would  have  been  much  less  expensive  for  each  man  to  have  pro- 
tected himself  from  his  own  stock. 

Each  settler  had  recorded  in  a  book  ke})t  by  the  County  Clerk, 
certain  ear-marks  and  brands  adopted  by  him  for  marking  his  stock, 
and  by  which  he  could  identify  his  cattle  and  hogs.  The  vast  prai- 
ries were  then  in  their  native  condition,  free  from  fences,  cultivation 
or  any  sort  of  improvements.  By  many  they  wer(>  thought  to  be 
worthless  for  all  -MMctical  firming  purposes,  except  to  furnish  graz- 
ing f  )r  stock.  Horses  and  cattle  often  wandered  into  adjoining 
counties.  There  were,  however,  means  l)y  which  such  stock  might 
be  recovered.  In  each  county-scat  was  an  cstray  pen  wherein  all 
unclaimed  and  unknown  stock  was  confined.  Notice  was  quite  often 
published  of  the  number,  kind  and  marks  of  the  stock  taken  u]).  At 
the  March  term,  1825,  an  estray  [)en  was  ordered  to  be  built. 

Road  Tax. — Persons  were  required  to  work  on  the  roads  to  ])av 
their  poll-tax  then  as  now.     The  schedule  of  labor  prices  foi-  this 


250  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY, 

work  was  as  follows :  "One  day's   work  62^  ots. ;  for  one  pair  of 
oxen  37J  cts. ;  wagon  25  cts. ;  plow  12|  cts." 

Chisus. — June  10,  1825,  H.  R.  Colter  was  ordered  to  take  the 
census  of  the  county.  We  do  not  know  the  result,  as  his  report 
was  not  seen. 

Bids  for  Assessment. — At  the  December  term,  1826,  the  Clerk 
was  ordered  to  give  notice  in  three  public  places  that  "  sealed  pro- 
posals will  be  received  by  this  Court  on  March  1,  1827,  for  taking 
the  assessment  of  the  taxable  property  of  Fulton  county  for 
1827-28." 

Count  If  I^evenue. — The  amount  of  the  tax  of  the  county  for  1828 
was  only  §176.68.  This  was  not  as  much  as  it  was  in  former  years, 
but  then  Peoria,  Chicago  and  all  of  the  northern  portion  of  the 
State  were  attached  to  this  county.  Peoria  county  was  cut  off  from 
Fulton  in  1825,  and  then  that  county  included  all  north  of  it  to  the 
State  line.  Knox  county,  'tis  true,  still  remained  attached  to  this 
in  1828,  but  that  being  the  year  the  first  settler  located  in  that 
county  it  could  not  be  expected  that  any  revenue  would  be  derived 
from  there.  When  Knox  county  was  formed  it  was  attached  to  this 
for  judicial  purposes,  and  the  first  election  held  in  that  county  was 
ordered  bv  the  Commissioners'  Court  of  this  county.  It  constituted 
the  entire  county  one  election  precinct,  and  ordered  an  election  in 
1828  for  Justices  of  the  Peace  to  be  held  at  the  house  of  Stephen 
Osborn.  Osaorn,  Stephen  Gum  and  Nicholas  Voiles  were  ap- 
pointed judges. 

A  New  Court-House  Built. — The  old  log  court-house  soon  began  to 
need  repair,  and  indeed  some  of  the  more  aristocratic  thought  the 
county  should  have  a  new  one,  a  building  more  in  keeping  with  the 
wealth  and  progress  of  the  county.  Accordingly,  in  March,  1830, 
the  Court  advertised  for  bids  both  for  the  repair  of  the  old  log 
house  and  for  the  erection  of  a  new  frame  building.  Abraham  W. 
Williams  wanted  $475  to  put  the  old  one  in  proper  repair.  John 
McNeil  offered  to  build  a  ne\y  one  for  $649  and  the  old  log  one. 
After  a  short  canvass  of  the  bids  the  contract  for  building  a  new 
court-house  was  given  to  McNeil.  This  building  did  service  for  a 
few  years  when  it,  too,  was  abandoned  and  the  present  structure 
erected.  The  old  frame  court-house  now  stands  one  block  west  of 
the  square  in  a  dilai)idated  state.  When  it  was  erected  no  doubt  it 
was  one  of  the  finest  and  largest  public  buildings  in  the  State. 

Trouble  with  Ojficials. — The  first  use  that  Fulton  county  had  for  a 
Coroner  was,  so  far  as  we  can  find  any  evidence,  in  March,  1881, 
and  even  then  it  was  not  to  hold  an  incjuest.  Gen.  Isaiah  Stillman 
had  been  appointed  Treasurer,  and  called  upon  the  former  Treasurer, 
John  McNeil,  for  the  moneys,  books,  etc.,  belonging  to  the  county 
and  in  his  possession.  He  (McNeil)  reported  to  the  Court  that  the 
Sheriff,  Chas.  Newcomb,  Avho  was  also  C'ollector,  refused  to  pay 
over  the  whole  amount  of  county  taxes.  It  was  therefoce  ordered 
that  a  citation  be  issued  directed  to  the  Coroner,  or  any  Constable, 


HISTORY    OF    FITLTON    COTTNfY.  251 

requiring  the  Sheriff  to  a])pear  mul  show  cause,  "if  any  he  hath," 
why  judgment  should  not  be  entered  against  him.  This  is  the  iirst 
mention  of  a  Coroner  in  these  records,  and  we  arc  unable  to  find 
who  filled  the  position  up  to  the  year  1831,  save  for  the  first  term. 

31erclianfi<'  License. — At  the  April  terra,  18.'>1,  a  li(^ense  was  rc- 
(^uired  for  the  selling  of  merchandise.  Twenty  dollars  was  charged 
for  this  license. 

Paupers. — Joshua  Stinson,  the  first  ])auper,  and  Parmelia  Fair- 
child,  the  second  one,  were  ordered  "let  out  to  the  lowest  bidder  by 
the  year." 

Another  Jail. — Necessarily,  as  faithful  historians,  we  are  compelled 
again  to  mar  the  pleasant  progress  of  this  chapter  by  reference  to 
prison  bars.  It  seems  as  the  county  advanced  in  wealth  and  pop- 
ulation the  evil  principle  kept  pace  with  it ;  and,  as  immaculate  and 
good  as  the  pioneer  fathers  undoubtedly  were,  even  among  them 
there  were  wicked  and  vicious  characters.  The  old  log  jail  was 
unfit  for  use  any  longer;  accordingly,  in  June,  1833,  a  new  jail  was 
ordered  built  on  the  northwest  corner  of  the  public  square,  on  lot 
215.  Samuel  Cozard  built  it  for  !^()74.  This  structure  stood  for 
many  years  and  held  ])risoners  rather  loosely.  In  April,  1845,  how- 
ever, it  was  burned  down.  There  was  a  prisoner  confined  within  it 
by  the  name  of  James  Knott.  His  crime  was  the  common  one,  at 
that  time,  of  horse-stealing,  Knott  evidently  concluded  that  he 
had  been  incarcerated  long  enough,  and  also  that  he  would  seek 
revenge  upon  the  old  prison  for  robbing  him  of  his  liberty  as  long 
as  it  had,  and  at  the  same  time  have  some  fun.  xVccordingly,  dur- 
ing the  night  and  about  the  hour  of  twelve,  he  liberated  himself, 
which  seems  not  to  have  been  an  ovc-rlaborious  task.  He  then  set 
fire  to  the  structure  and  fled.  Soon  the  peaceful  slumberers  of  the 
little  village  were  aroused  by  the  alarming  cry  of"  fire."  The  mas- 
culine portion  of  the  entire  populace,  and  not  a  few  women,  rushed 
to  the  scene.  Their  jail  was  being  licked  up  by  the  fire-fiend. 
Soon  the  greatest  consternation  prevailed.  It  was  noised  through 
the  crowd  that  Knott  was  in  the  jail  and  would  therefore  perish. 
There  was  no  key  at  hand,  and  as  greatly  as  the  early  settlers  des- 
pised horse-thieves  their  noble,  generous  hearts  c(udd  not  see  one 
perish  in  the  flames  without  a  desperate  effort  to  rescue  him.  Im- 
mediately battering  rams  were  being  hurled  against  the  heavv  door 
by  strong  and  resolute  men.  Every  heart  was  bleeding  with  sym- 
pathy for  poor  Knott;  and  could  he  have  had  his  trial  at  that  time, 
"not  guilty"  would  have  been  the  speedy  verdict.  Soon  the  door 
gave  way  beneath  the  ponderous  blows,  and  every  eye  was  turned 
toward  that  spot  of  the  burning  structure,  expecting  to  see  James 
Knott,  singed  and  burnt,  run  out;  but  no  Knott  came.  Death-like 
silence  ])revailed.  A  moment  passed  in  this  imj)atient  waiting,  when 
some,  braver  than  the  others,  ventured  into  the  burninu'  buildino'; 
but  James  could  not  be  found.  Various  rumors  were  then 
afloat  about  him.     AViiat  must  have  been  their  chagrin,  when  a  few 


252  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUXTY. 

days  afterwards  the  culprit  was  captured  in  the  timber  I  He  told 
the  story  of  his  escape  and  laughed  at  the  joke  he  had  played  upon 
them. 

Clerk's  Office. — At  the  same  time  the  jail  Avas  contracted  for,  a 
Clerk's  office  was  ordered  built.  The  contract  was  let  to  Ephraim 
Brown  for  8318.     It  was  to  be  l)uilt  upon  lot  182. 

The  Present  Court- House. — During  the  latter  part  of  1836  and 
the  early  part  of  1837,  again  the  people  began  to  agitate  the  ques- 
tion of  building  a  new  court-house.  The  county  had  grown  rapidly, 
both  in  population  and  wealth.  To  further  the  plan  a  subscription 
was  made  by  private  individuals  for  the  purpose.  At  the  meeting 
of  the  Commissioners'  Court,  Friday,  March  10,  1837,  this  resolu- 
tion was  passed  :  "  The  Court  being  satisfied  that  the  public  inter- 
est demands,  and  the  respectability  and  ]:>rospcrity  of  the  people, 
require,  the  erection  of  a  good,  substantial  court-house,  suital)le  to 
accommodate  the  present  and  future  ]>opulation  of  the  county,  and 
the  sum  of  S2,000  having  been  subscribed  by  the  citizens  of  Fulton 
county  towards  defraying  the  expense  of  such  a  building,  it  is  there- 
fore ordered  that  a  court-h(juse  be  built  on  lots  Xos.  181  and  214  in 
the  town  of  Lewistown,  and  that  said  court-house  be  built  of  bricks, 
upon  a  suitable  foundation  of  stone,  and  to  be  40  by  o3  feet  on  the 
ground  with  a  projection  of  the  roof  of  12  feet,  supported  by  four 
pillars  of  suitable  material.  It  is  further  ordered  that  Xewton 
Walker,  John  McXeil,  Erasmus  D.  Rice,  Myron  Phelps  and  John 
P.  Boice  be  ap})ointed  a  committee  to  make  a  draft  of  the  building 
and  an  estimate  of  the  probable  expense  of  such  a  building,  and 
that  they  be  requested  to  report  the  same  to  the  Court  to-morrow 
morning  at  ten  o'clock."  This  committee  ( and  a  better  one  could 
not  have  Ijeen  selected,  nor  even  at  this  day  could  it  be  excelled) 
reported  that  a  building  such  as  was  desired  would  cost  S7,ol7. 
Xewton  AValker  was  then  appointed  agent  to  purchase  material  and 
make  contracts  for  said  building  on  behalf  of  the  county.  Xo  con- 
tracts were  ever  let,  hoAvever,  hut  AValker  was  chosen  superintend- 
ent for  the  county,  and  he  superintended  the  entire  work.  The 
total  cost  of  the  buildina;  was  89,800. 

It  stands  in  the  center  of  a  small  square,  which  is  set  with  many 
large  and  beautiful  maple  and  other  trees.  The  upper  room,  which 
occupies  the  entire  second  floor,  is  used  for  Circuit  Court  purposes. 
It  is  reached  by  two  flights  of  iron  stairways,  Avhich  are  constructed 
in  the  portico,  and  land  together  on  a  platform  in  front  of  the  door. 
This  portico  extends  across  the  entire  east  end  of  the  building,  and 
is  supported  by  four  large  stone  pillars,  nine  feet  nine  inches  in 
circumference,  and  extending  to  the  top  of  the  building.  On  the 
first  floor  there  is  a  hall-way  running  through  the  building  from 
east  to  west.  On  either  side  of  this  are  offices  for  the  county 
officials.  Upon  the  south  side  are  the  County  Judge's  and  Sheriff's 
offices.  Upon  the  opjiosite  side  are  two  offices  occupied  by  the 
County  Treasurer  and  County  School  Superintendent.     The  Circuit 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  253 

and  County  Clork.s  occupy  a  builclino;  known  a?  the  "  iire-proof/' 
which  is  located  west  of  the  main  buikling  within  the  same  square. 
This  buikling  is  so  constructed  as  to  insure  the  public  records  from 
loss  by  fire. 

This  building  when  erected  was  among;  the  finest  and  largest 
court-houses  in  the  West,  and  for  many  years  it  stood  foremost 
among  the  public  buildings  of  Illinois,  and  was  pointed  to  with 
pride  not  only  by  the  citizens  of  Fulton  county  but  by  those 
throughout  Central  Illinois.  It  stood  as  a  monument  of  the  enter- 
prise of  the  pioneers  of  this  section,  and  was  one  of  the  grandest 
evidences  of  the  prosperity  of  the  newly  settled  State.  It  stands 
to-day  as  solid  as  when  first  built.  Every  stone  and  brick  is  in  its 
place,  and  every  timljer  has  stood  the  storms  of  nearly  half  a  cen- 
tury unshakem  Around  this  old  building  cluster  pleasant  recollec- 
tions of  the  long-ago.  Within  its  storm-beaten  walls  have  been 
heard  pleas  as  rich  in  eloquence  as  were  ever  presented  to  judge  or 
jury.  Within  those  old  walls,  made  sacred  by  time  and  the  mem- 
ories of  some  of  the  grandest  characters  and  most  gifted  men  known 
in  the  history  of  Illinois,  many  a  scene  full  of  historic  interest  has 
occurred,  which,  could  we  accurately  picture  them,  would  be  read 
more  as  a  romance  than  prosaic  history.  What  numbers  of 
trembling  and  downcast  prisoners  have  stood  before  the 
learned  tribunal  within  the  old  upper  room,  to  plead  "  Guilty,"  or 
"Not  Guilty!"  Then  the  long,  hotly-contested  trial  came;  wit- 
nesses examined  and  cross-examined ;  the  wrangle  and  wordy  wars 
between  the  lawyers;  the  appeal  to  the  jury  and  addresses,  which 
for  logic,  eloquence,  touching,  sympathetic  eloquence,  have  not  been 
excelled  in  all  the  broad  land.  How  many  times  have  the  twelve 
jurors,  sworn  to  be  impartial,  filed  into  their  little  secret  room,  to 
consult  and  decide  the  fate  of  the  prisoner  at  the  bar  !  Then  how 
often  have  the  joyous  words  come  forth,  "  Not  Guilty ! "  But, 
again,  how  very  many  have  stood  before  the  Judge  to  hear  in  meas- 
ured tones  their  sentence !  Sometimes  it  was  thouoht  Justice  was 
outraged;  that  the  Judge,  jury  and  Prosecuting  Attorney  had  pros- 
tituted their  high  positions,  violated  their  sworn  duty,  and  made 
easy  the  escape  for  culprits;  yet,  taking  it  all  in  all,  the  goddess  of 
justice  has  shed  no  more  tears  over  insults  to  her  holy  and  righteous 
charge  than  she  has  at  any  other  judgment-bar  in  the  State.  Law 
and  justice  have  almost  always  been  vindicated,  and  the  oifender 
punished. 

C/Ould  these  old  walls  speak  and  tell  us  of  the  eloquent  andeflFect- 
ive  pleadings  of  Lincoln,  Baker,  Richardson,  McDougal,  Brown- 
ing, Bushnell,  Manning,  Walker  and  others,  orof  the  learned  decis- 
ions of  Douglas,  A'oung,  Thomas,  Walker  and  Higbie,  that  they 
have  listened  to,  how  eagerly  we  would  seek  them  !  We  do  not  for- 
get that  at  the  present  time  justice  is  as  swiftly  vindicated  as  ever 
before;  that  the  Fulton  county  Bar  is  at  its  maximum  in  point  of 
legal  ability.     It  takes  the  mazes  of  time  to  add  the  luster  of  fame 


254  HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNT V. 

to  the  labors  and  character  of  most  men.  That  which  is  of  the  past, 
or  of  the  future,  we  are  wont  to  believe  possesses  more  merit  than 
that  which  we  have  with  us.  Thus  it  is  with  our  leual  lights  of 
to-day. 

PanneUa  Fairchikl. — In  June,  1838,  it  was  "ordered,  that  the 
keeping  of  Parmelia  Fairchikl  [the  second  pauper]  for  the  ensuing 
year  be  now  offered  by  the  Sheriff.  Whereupon,  afterwards  the 
Sheriff  reported  that  he  had  offered  the  keeping  of  said  P.  Fair- 
child  and  struck  her  off  to  Absalom  Walters  for  the  sum  of  §104, 
he  being  the  lowest  and  best  bidder  and  agreeing  to  take  charge  and 
maintain  her  for  one  year." 

First  Temperance  Tro/7;. — It  seems  that  even  among  the  pioneers, 
almost  all  of  whom  we  are  led  to  believe  used  intoxicating  liquors 
more  Qr  less,  there  were  temperance  advocates.  Pej-haps  the  first 
temperance  work  ever  done  in  the  county  was  in  1838.  The  good 
work  was  then  inaugurated  which  has  since  driven  out  every  saloon 
from  the  borders  of  Fulton  county ;  has  lifted  many  of  the  fallen, 
and  saved  thousands  of  our  young  men  from  the  inevitable  ruin  of 
body  and  soul  that  rum  brings  to  the  unfortunate  one  who  tamjjers 
with  it. 

June  7,  1838,  we  find  this  item  on  the  records  relative  to  the 
temperance  labors  of  these  noble  pioneers, — pioneers  both  as  to  open- 
ing up  a  new  and  beautiful  country  and  as  to  beginning  to  roll  the 
temperance  stone:  "The  petition  of  A.  M.  Culton  and  other  citi- 
zens of  Canton  and  Farmington  and  vicinity,  requesting  this  Court 
to  withhold  licenses  for  the  retailing  of  spirituous  liquors,  being 
presented  in  Court,  and  the  prayer  and  object  of  the  petition  being 
fully  considered  and  duly  appreciated  by  the  Court,  it  is  considered 
by  this  Court  that  however  desirable  it  may  be  to  suppress  and  pre- 
vent the  use  of  intoxicating  liquors,  yet  the  members  of  this  Court 
are  of  the  opinion  that  any  respectable  citizen  has  the  right  to  re- 
quire, and  the  Court  is  bound  by  the  exi.-tjng  laws  of  the  State  to 
grant,  licenses  to  keep  public  houses  of  entertainment,  or  taverns, 
and  that  the  object  of  the  petitioners  can  only  be  obtained  by  peti- 
tion to  the  Legislature." 

A  Xeic  Hegime  in  Choosing  Commissioners. — Heretofore  the  terms 
of  office  of  all  three  of  the  Commissioners  had  expired  at  the  same 
time;  but  in  1838  a  new  rule  was  adopted,  in  compliance  with  an 
act  of  the  Legislature.  Xow  they  were  to  be  elected  for  three  years 
and  one  retire  every  year,  thus  leaving  two  experienced  men  in 
office.  For  the  first  terms,  however,  one  of  them  should  serve  only 
one  year,  another  two  and  the  third  three  years.  On  convening  at 
the  fall  term  of  this  year  they  drew  lots  to  decide  the  term  each 
should  serve.  Three  ])ieces  of  paper,  upon  which  Avere  written 
"one  year,"  "two  years,"  "three  years,"  respectively,  were  put  into 
a  hat.  Hiram  Wentworth  drew  the  one-year  slip,  John  Johnson 
the  one  indicating  two  years,  and  John  Baker  the  one  for  the  three- 
vear  term. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  200 

Pauperfi  f>okJ. — The  old  custom  of  letting  out  paupers  singly  was 
abolished  in  March,  1843,  and  a  somewhat  diiferent  mode  instituted. 
"  They  were  all,"  as  the  record  puts  it,  ''  sold  at  the  door  of  the 
court-house  by  the  Sheriif,  and  Emsley  Wiley  being  the  lowest  bid- 
der, they  were  struck  oflP  to  him  for  the  sum  of  |549."  Whether 
the  veteran  pauper,  Parmelia  Fairchild,  was  among  the  number  we 
know  not,  but  presume  she  was,  as  she  was  bid  off  alone  the  year 
previous.  She  had  been  on  hand  for  nigh  unto  twenty  years,  and 
had  always  been  treated  kindly  by  the  Court.  To  support  her  had 
become  a  portion  of  its  labor,  and  year  after  year  we  find  she  was  "  bid 
off,"  and  the  Commissioners  as  cheerfully  paid  bills  for  keeping  her 
as  they  did  their  own  salaries. 

The  following  year,  1844,  the  records  say,  in  referring  to  letting 
out  the  paupers:  ''Four  were  absolutely  sold  and  two  condition- 
ally." What  they  regarded  as  an  "absolute  sale"  we  do  not 
know. 

A  Xeir  Jail  Ordered  Built. — In  1846  a  jail  with  a  jailor's  residence 
was  ordered  built.  However,  the  subject  was  discussed  some 
among  tlie  ])eople,  and  it  was  a  question  whether  a  majority  of  the 
tax-payers  favored  the  building  of  a  new  jail.  The  Commissioners, 
wishing  to  comply  with  the  wishes  of  the  majority,  ordered  the 
question  voted  upon  at  the  August  election  of  that  year.  This  was 
accordingly  done,  and  the  measure  defeated,  and  the  order  repealed. 

Ex-Sheriff  Waggoner,  when  he  resided  where  Judge  S.  P.  Shope 
does  at  present  in  the  city  of  Lewistown,  which  was  about  this  time, 
the  country  to  the  north  of  his  residence  was  thickly  covered  with 
hazel.  During  the  trial  of  JS^ehemiah  North  up  for  tiie  murder  of  Nor- 
man Beamas,  he  kept  the  prisoner  at  his  house,  there  being  no  jail. 
Although  it  seems  that  he  might  have  very  easily  effected  his  escape, 
yet  he  never  attempted  it.  He  was- admitted  to  bail  by  the  Court, 
but  never  appeared  for  trial.  He  took  this  opportunity  for  making 
good  his  escape,  and  since  has  never  been  heard  from. 

The  Sheriff  also  tells  us  of  a  little  Jllnglish  prisoner  whom  he  kept 
at  his  residence  for  some  time.  During  the  evening  the  Sheriff  would 
leave  him  with  his  wife  and  go  down  town  and  remain  often  for 
several  hours.  The  prisoner  was  unshackled  and  seemingly  un- 
watched,  yet  he  never  attempted  to  make  his  escape  while  in  the 
hands  of  Sheriff  Waggoner.  He  was  taken  to  Monmouth  and  con- 
fined in  the  jail  there  for  a  time,  but  soon  made  his  escape.  He 
broke  jail  there  and  was  never  recaptured.  He  wrote  Major  Wag- 
goner a  letter  some  time  afterw:trd,  from  New  Philadelphia,  ().,  in 
which  he  stated  that  he  didn't  like  the  Monmovith  jailor  and  didn't 
propose  to  stay  there  ;  so  left.  He  expressed  great  friendship  for  the 
Major  and  said  he  never  would  have  attempted  his  escape  while  in 
his  hands. 

Fird  Poor  Farm. — June  9,  1848,  we  find  on  the  records  this 
order :  "  Ordered,  that  the  Clerk  of  this  Court  enter  upon  the 
records  that  there  is  a  poor-house  established  in  this  county,  and  it 


256  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

is  now  ready  for  the  reception  of  the  poor  of  the  county."  This  is 
the  lirst  mention  made,  upon  the  records,  of  a  poor  farm,  and  they 
are  silent  as  to  its  cost  or  location.  It  was,  however,  located  upon 
the  northwest  quarter  of  sec.  25,  Cass  township,  and  the  east  half 
of  the  northwest  quarter  of  see.  36.  The  former  tract  cost  81,400, 
the  latter  §25.  The  paupers  were  cared  for  at  this  ]>lace  for  a  while, 
when  s(^me  thought  it  too  expensive  and  wished  to  return  to  the 
old  mode.  This  they  did,  but  to  their  sorrow,  for  they  then  found  the 
expense  per  pauper  was  almost  double  Avhat  it  had  been  keeping  them 
at  the  poor-house. 

Free  Ferry. — June  5,  1846,  8100  was  given  Samuel  Gilfry  to  run 
a  free  ferry  for  one  year  across  Spoon  river  at  AVaterford.  Previous 
to  this  a  license  and  a  schedule  of  prices  were  given  to  govern  the 
ferryman ;  but  the  prices  charged  in  later  years  were  much  lower 
than  those  given  for  Ross'  ferry  over  the  Illinois. 

The  Lad  Meeting. — The  new  Constitution  which  went  into  effect 
in  1849,  abolished  this  Court,  but  before  adjourning  the  Court  or- 
dered a  vote  taken  for  or  against  township  orgauiziitiou  at  the  next 
election.  On  Oct.  11  the  County  Commissioners'  Court  performed 
its  last  official  duties.  Their  last  act  was  to  allow  Myron  Phelps 
§1,888  for  goods  furnished  the  county.  The  Court  then  adjourned 
till  "court  in  course,"  but  never  re-assembled. 


I 


CHAPTER  IV. 

.    ■  GEOLOGY.* 

Fulton  county  contains  a  superficial  area  of  about  twenty-four 
townsliips,  or  about  864  square  miles.  It  is  triangular  in  sh«pe, 
and  is  bounded  on  the  north  by  Knox  and  Peoria  eoiinties,  on  the 
east  by  Peoria  county  and  the  Illinois  river,  on  the  south  by 
Schuyfer  county,  and  on  the  west  by  Schuyler,  McDonough  and 
Warren  counties.  The  principal  streams  in  the  county  are  the  Illi- 
nois river,  forming  its  main  boundary  on  the  east  and  southeast  for 
a  distance  of  about  thirty  miles  ;  Spoon  river  and  its  tributaries, 
which  traverse  nearly  the  whole  extent  of  the  county  from  north  to 
south  ;  and  CV)pperas  creek,  which  drains  a  considerable  area  in  the 
northeastern  portion  of  the  county.  These  streams  drain  the  whole 
area  of  the  county,  and  are  from  150  to  !:^:)0  feet  below  the  general 
level  of  the  highlands. 

Originally  the  surface  was  nearly  equally  divided  into  prairie  and 
timbered  lands,  the  former  occupying  the  most  elevated  positions  of 
the  county,  as  well  as  a  part  of  the  Illinois-river  bottoms,  while 
the  timber  belts  are  restricted  to  the  more  broken  lands  skirting  the 
water-courses.  INIucli  of  the  original  timber,  however,  has  been 
cleared  away  in  developing  the  agricultural  resources  of  the  county, 
and  splendid  farms  now  occupy  a  large  portion  of  the  area  which 
but  a  few  years  since. was  covered  with  a  dense  forest.  Much  of 
the  upland  was  originally  timbered  with  a  dense  growth  of  sugar- 
maple,  black-walnut,  linden,  hackberry,  elm,  honey-locust  and  wild 
cherry,  indicating  a  very  rich  and  productive  soil.  This  growth  of 
timber  usually  prevails  where  the  Loess  overlies  the  drift  clays  on  a 
moderately  level  surface,  and  these  lands  iii  their  productive  qualities 
are  second  to  none  in  the  State.  Where  the  surface  is  broken  into 
sharp  ridges,  along  the  borders  of  the  smaller  streams,  black  and 
white  oak  and  hickory  are  the  prevailing.timber,  and  the  soil  is  a 
thin,  chocolate-colored,  or  In'OAvn  clay  loam,  well  adapted  to  the 
growth  of  small  grain,  clover  or  fruit. 

The  prairies  generally  have  a  rolling  surface,  though  in  the  region 
about  Fairview  there  are  some  quite  flat  prairies  that  require  drain- 
ing in  wet  season^.  The  soil  on  the  })rairies  is  a  dark-ln-own  or 
black  mold,  varying  from  one  to  three  feet  in  thitikuess,  Mitka  sub- 

••■Taken  from  State  Geologist  A.  H.  Worthen's  Report. 


2dS  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

soil  of  brown  clay  loam.  The  bottom  lands  on  the  western  bank  of 
the  Illinois  river  are  from  one  to  fonr  miles  in  width,  and  are  mostly 
covered  with  timber,  thongh  there  is  some  bottom  })rairie  near  the 
month  of  Spoon  river.  A  good  deal  of  this  bottom  land  is  too  low 
and  marshy  for  cnltivation,  bnt  where  it  is  sufficiently  elevated  the 
soil  is  of  a  rich,  sandy  loam,  and 'very  productive. 

The  bluffs  generally  range  from  125  to  150  feet  in  height,  and 
are  usually  cut  into  sharp  ridges  by  the  valleys  of  the  small  streams 
that  drain  the  adjacent  country.  The  lower  parts  of  these  bluffs,  to 
the  height  of  75  to  100  feet,  consist  of  the  stratified  rocks  of  the 
Coal  Measures  into  which  the  original  valley  was  excavated,  and 
their  elevation  has  l)ecn  subsequently  increased  by  the  accumulation 
(»f  Drift  clays  and  lacustrine  deposits  u})on  them.  The  valley  of 
Spoon  river  seldom  exceeds  a  mile  in  w  idth,  and  is  excavated  into 
the  Lower  Carboniferous  limestone  on  that  part  of  its  course  extend- 
ing from  Bernadotte.  The  depth  of  this  valley  is  about  the  same 
as  that  of  the  Illinois  river,  but  the  lower  rocks  are  reached  here, 
in  consequence  of  the  easterly  dip  of  the  strata,  wliich  brings  the 
limestone  nearer  to  the  surface  in  the  western  portion  of  the  county. 

Surface  GeoIo</i/. — The  surface  deposits  of  Fulton  county  consist 
of  Drift  clays  and  gravel,  with  the  subsequent  lacustrine  and  alluvial 
accumulations.  The  Drift  pro])er  ranges  in  thickness  from  30  to  00 
feet  or  more,  and  is  usuqlly  composed  of  thrown  and  bluish-colored 
clays  with  gravel,  and  boulders  of  metamorphic  and  igneous  rocks, 
varying  in  size  from  a  ])ebble  to  masses  of  several  tons'  weight. 
Usually  the  brown  clays  constitute  the  u])])er  ])ortion  of  the  deposit, 
and  the  blue  clays  the  lower.  In  the  vicinity  of  Utica  a  bed  of 
ferruginous  conglomerate,  about  two  feet  in  thickness,  underlies  the 
Drift  clays,  and  similar  beds  in  local  outliers  have  been  met  with  in 
tlie  same  ])osition,  at  several  localities  in  the  State.  This  conglom- 
erate exactly  resembles  the  bed  at  Metropolis  in  Massic  county,  on 
the  Ohio  river,  which  has  been  usually  referred  to  the  Tertiary 
period,  and  may  be  of  the  same  age. 

On  the  west  side  of  Big-creek  bridge,  near  Canton,  in  grading  the 
track  for  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  railroad,  a  band  of  black  mold  or  soil, 
containing  leaves  and  fragments  of  wood,  was  found  below  the 
Drift  clays,  which  is  no  doubt  a  part  of  the  ancient  soil  covering 
the  surface  anterior  to  the  Drift  epoch.  A  similar  bed  has  been 
found  in  sinking  shafts  and  wells  in  various  parts  of  the  State,  and 
indeed  in  hundreds  of  places  in  Fulton  county  alone,  indicating  the 
prevalence  of  dry  land  over  a  considerable  portion  of  the  present 
area  of  the  State  during  the  Post-Tertiary  period.  Mr.  John  Wolf, 
of  Canton,  reports  a  similar  bed  of  black,  peaty  soil,  four  feet  in 
thickness,  underlying  the  town  of  Fairview,  at  the  depth  of  eleven 
feet.  The  heaviest  deposits  of  Drift  occur  along  the  Illinois-river 
bluffs  and  in  the  vicinity  of  Lewistown,  where  the  beds  range  from 
40  to  60  feet  in  thickness. 

The  Loess  caps  the  bluffs  of  the  Illinois  river,  and  extends  back 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  259 

for  three  or  four  miles  with  a  constantly  diminishino;  thickness. 
This  deposit  consists  of  buif  or  light-brown,  loamy  sand,  imperfectly 
stratified,  and  locallv  contains  abundance  of  land  and  fresh-water 
shells. 

Okkr  Geological  Formations. — The  stratified  rocks  belong  mainly 
to  the  Coal  Measures,  with  a  limited  exposure  of  the  St.  Louis 
limestone  in  the  valley  of  Spoon  river.  Nearly  all  of  the  uplands 
in  the  county  are  underlaid  by  coal,  and  Prof  Worthen  says  that  he 
has  found  the  most  comi)lete  exposure  of  the  productive  Coal 
Measure  in  this  county  that  he  has  met  with  in  the  State.  He 
has,  therefore,  considered  the  section  constructed  in  Fulton  as  a 
typical  one,  and  has  used  it  for  the  co-ordination  of  the  coal  strata 
throughout  the  central  and  western  portion  of  the  State.  There 
were  seven  consecutive  seams  found  here,  and  all  exposed  by  their 
natural  outcrop ;  and  all  except  the  upper  one  have  been  worked 
to  a  greater  or  less  extent.  The  aggregate  thickness  of  these  coal 
seams  is  about  25  feet,  and'  their  individual  range  is  from  twenty 
inches  to  six  feet  in  thickness.  The  three  lower  seams  outcrop  in 
the  southern  and  western  portions  of  the  county,  especially  along 
the  bluifs  of  Spoon  river;  and  as  the  general  dip  of  the  strata  is  to 
the  eastward,  they  pass  below  the  level  of  the  Illinois  river,  and 
are  therefore  not  seen  on  the  eastern  borders  of  the  county.  The 
upper  seams  underlie  nearly  all  of  the  central  and  eastern  portions 
of  the  county,  and  one  of  them.  No.  4,  is  found  south  of  Spoon 
river,  underlying  the  highlands  in  the  vicinity  of  Astoria. 

These  coal  seams  are  numbered  from  the  bottom  upward.  The 
onlv  point  in  the  county  where  No.  1  is  sufliciently  developed  to  be 
profitably  worked  is  in  the  vicinity  of  Seville.  The  seam  is  worked 
here  at  two  localities,  one  above  the  railroad  bridge  and  the  other 
below.  At  these  mines  the  coal  averages  about  three  feet  in  thick- 
ness. 

In  the  vicinity  of  Avon  a  seam  of  cannel  coal  occurs  at  about  the 
same  horizon  as  No.  1.  This  seam  is  only  about  14  to  20  inches  in 
thickness.  It  w^as  extensively  worked  in  1859,  for  the  distillation 
of  coal  oil.  Ten  retorts  were  then  in  operation  at  this  locality,  and 
the  product  was  said  to  be  30  gallons  from  a  ton  of  coal.  However, 
the  development  of  the  oil  wells  of  Pennsylvania  shortly  afterwards 
put  a  stop  to  the  manufacture  of  oil  from  cannel  coal  in  this  State, 
and  the  mines  were  abandoned.  This  seam  is  underlaid  here  by 
about  five  feet  of  excellent  fire-clay. 

Coal  No.  2  is  one  of  the  most  regular  seams  in  the  whole  series, 
and  usually  ranges  from  two  to  three  feet  in  thickness.  It  will  be 
found  everywhere  in  the  bluffs  of  Spoon  river,  where  the  strata  are 
well  exposed,  and  its  stmtigraj^hical  position  is  about  40  or  50  feet 
above  the  horizon  of  No.  1,  although  at  Seville  the  distance  inter- 
vening between  them  is  about  70  feet.  The  roof  is  almost  invari- 
ably a  blue  clay  shale,  and  in  tunneling  it  requires  to  be  thoroughly 
cribbed  to  prevent  the  falling  of  the  roof     In  the  south  part  of  the 


260  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

coimtv  this  seam  outcrops  on  Otter  creek,  about  a  mile  and  a  half 
west  of  Vermont,  where  it  has  been  worked  since  the  earliest  settle- 
ment of  the  county.  It  ranges  in  thickness  from  two  and  a  half 
to  three  feet.  A  boring  for  oil  was  made  in  the  valley  of  this  creek 
bv  Moses  Matthewson.  The  boring  extended  to  the  depth  of  about 
800  feet,  but  no  journal  was  kept  of  the  diiferent  strata  passed 
through.  In  the  bluif^  of  Spoon  river  south  of  Lcwistown,  as  well 
as  on  some  of  the  small  tributaries  of  that  stream  in  the  same 
vicinitv,  Xo.  2  is  worked  at  many  points,  and  also  about  half  a 
mile  west  of  that  city.  Half  a  mile  east  of  Lewistowu  this  seam 
has  been  opened  by  a  shaft  40  feet  in  depth  on  the  lands  of  Mr. 
Hunter.  "Two  miles  and  a  half  southeast  of  liCwistown,"  Prof. 
AVorthen  says,  "  we  found  a  mine  opened  in  this  seam  on  the  lands 
of  Mr.  AVm.  AVinterbottom,  on  our  first  visit  to  the  county  in  1859, 
and  at  the  same  time  it  had  been  opened  a  mile  nearer  the  town  by 
Mr.  Butler.  In  the  vicinity  of  Beruadotte  this  coal  is  found  at  an 
elevation  of  about  80  feet  above  the  river  level,  and  the  coal  was 
mined  bv  Mr.  Parks  one  mile  and  a  half  southwest  of  the  village, 
in  1859."  Xo.  2  usually  affords  coal  of  an  excellent  quality,  freer 
from  the  bi-sulphuret  of  iron  than  the  average  of  Illinois  coals,  and 
one  that  cokes  well  and  contains  more  than  an  average  of  fixed 
carbon. 

Coal  Xo.  3  has  been  mined  but  little  in  this  county.  It  usually 
lies  from  40  to  60  feet  above  Xo.  2. 

Coal  Xo.  4  is  a  very  persistent  seam  in  its  development,  and  was 
found  at  every  locality  in  this  county  that  Avas  examined  by  the 
State  Geologist.  On  the  south  side  of  Spoon  river  it  underlies  the 
highlands  about  Astoria,  and  it  was  opened  here  as  early  as  1859. 
The  seam  is  here  from  four  and  a  half  to  five  feet  in  thickness,  and 
is  overlaid  by  about  two  feet  oi  black  sliale  that  forms  a  good  roof 
This  seam  is  very  extensively  worked  near  Astoria,  and  at  St. 
David  and  Canton.  At  Breed's  Station  a  tunnel  has  been  opened 
in  this  seam.  The  coal  averages  about  five  feet  in  thickness  here. 
It  is  worked  near  Cuba,  and  northwest  of  Fairview  it  is  Avorked  at 
several  points  on  the  breaks  of  Coal  creek.  This  may  be  consider- 
ed the  most  valuable  of  all  the  coals  outcropping  in  this  county, 
from  its  Avide  extent  and  the  average  quality  of  the  coal  Avhich  it 
affords. 

Coal  Xo.  r  is  quite  local  in  its  deA'elopment,  and  is  not  worked  to 
any  extent  except  in  the  vicinity  of  Cuba,  Avhere  it  ranges  from 
four  to  fiA'e  feet  in  thickness. 

Coal  Xo.  6  is  the  highest  coal  in  the  series  that  has  been  Avorked 
to  any  extent  in  this  county,  and  it  affords  an  excellent  coking  coal, 
and  also  a  better  smiths'  coal  than  is  usually  obtained  from  any  of 
the  lower  seams.  It  Agarics  in  thickness  from  four  to  fi\'e  feet.  Prof. 
W.  says  of  this  seam:  "On  our  first  A'isit  to  this  county  in  1859,  we 
found  this  seam  opened  at  Piper's  place,  tAvo  miles  north  of  Canton  ; 
at  Barton's  place,  two  and  a  half  miles  north  of  Farmingtou ;  and  it 


Vg^^irf  <%,^,.-  ^. 


^.  <J5^  .    <^M^x^^^^^  Z^ 


(DECEASED) 
CANTON 


OF  THE 
UNIVERSITY   OF   ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY    OF    FlM/rON    COUNTY.  263 

was  also  worked  by  Mr.  Burbridge  at  that  time,  about  three  miles 
w^est  of  Farminerton,  (in  Little  creek.  More  recently  it  has  been 
opened  by  Mr.  Johnson  on  land  adjoining  Piper's."  Six  miles 
northeast  of  Canton,  on  a  branch  of  Copperas  creek,  this  coal  has 
been  worked  by  tunnelling.  It  was  worked  at  Powell's,  near  Nor- 
ris.  Burbridge  &  Co.'s  shaft,  one  mile  w^est  of  Farmington,  reaches 
coal  No.  6  at  a  depth  of  ■2()  feet.  This  seam  lies  about  Ui)  feet  below 
the  leyel  of  the  town  of  Farmington.  It  is  also  mined  two  miles 
northeast  of  Fairyiew.  This  seam  prol)ably  underlies  some  three  or 
four  townships  north  and  east  of  Canton,  and  may  be  reached  any- 
where in  that  region  at  a  depth  yarying  from  25  to   100  feet. 

Coal  No.  7  is  the  highest  coal  stratum  seen  in  this  county,  and 
l)eing  usually  only  from  IG  to  20  inches  in  thickness  no  attempt  has 
been  made  to  mine  it  in  competition  witli  thicker  seams. 

ECONOMICAL    (JEOLOGY. 

Bititiidiious  Coal. — The  oreat  mineral  wealth  of  Fulton  county,  as 
must  be  apparent,  consists  in  its  almost  inexhaustible  beds  of  coal, 
which  are  so  distril)ute(l  as  to  be  easily  accessible  to  eyery  portion  of 
the  county.  The  three  lower  seams  outcroj)  on  all  the  principal  streams 
in  the  southern  and  western  ])ortions  of  the  county,  while  coals  4,  5 
!Uk1  6,  the  thickest  and  most  yahiable  seams  known  in  the  northern 
jKirtion  of  the  State,  underlie  the  ceiitral  and  northeastern  })ortions 
of  the  county.  These  coals  underlie  nearly  or  (|uite  seyen  townships, 
with  an  nggregate  thickness  of  about  11  feet;  and,  throwing  out  of 
the  calculation  entirely  No.  o,  which  is  more  local  in  its  deyclo})- 
ment  than  the  other  two,  we  still  haye  an  aggregate  of  from  nine  to 
ten  feet  of  coal,  equal  to  9,000,000  tons  of  coal  to  the  square  mile 
as  the  product  of  these  two  seams,  from  tlie  central  and  northeastern 
portions  of  the  county  alone,  and  within  loO  feet  of  the  surface  at 
the  general  leyel  of  the  j)rairie  region.  Taking  the  seyen  townshi[)s, 
there  would  be,  of  these  tMM)  seams,  2,268,000,000  tons  of  coal  finder- 
lying  the  sui'face.  Who  could  calcidate  the  number  of  tons  of  all 
the  seyen  strata  underlying  the  entire  county?  Coal-mining  is  yet 
in  its  infancy  in  this  most  highly  fayorcd  region. 

(Jannel  (hal. — A  thin  seam  of  cannel  coal  occurs  in  the  yicinity 
of  Ayon,  and  before  the  discoyery  of  the  yast  deposits  of  oil  in 
Pennsylyania  it  was  mined  for  the  distillation  of  oil. 

FIrr-Claf/. — A  good  l)ed  of  tire-clay,  from  three  to  fiye  feet  in 
thickness,  occurs  below  the  cannel  coal  at  Ayon.  At  Andrews'  coal 
bank,  two  miles  and  a  half  north  of  Marietta,  there  are  from  two  to 
three  feet  of  good  iire-clay  below  the  coal,  and  at  many  other  locali- 
ties in  the  county. 

Iron  Ore. — "Iron  ore  in  ciuisiderable  (piantities,"  says  Prof  W., 
"  was  met  with  at  several  localities  in  the  county.  In  the  yicinity 
ofSeyille  there  is  a  bed  oi  Limomie,  from  eight  to  twelye  inches 
thick,  immediately  aboye  the  limestone  that  forms  the  roof  of  the 
lower  coal."     The   same   band  of  ore  was  seen  in   the  yicinity  of 

17 


264  HISTORY    OF    PTTLTON    COUNTY. 

Avon.  In  the  vicinity  of  Utica  there  is  considerable  impure  car- 
bonate of  iron.  Iron  ore  is  ahiiost  universally  disseminated  through 
the  Coal  Measures  in  this  State,  but  usually  in  too  small  quantities 
to  be  of  any  great  value  for  the  production  of  metallic  iron  ;  but  it 
is  quite  probable  that  the  ores  of  this  county  may  at  some  future 
time  become  valuable  for  this  ])urpose. 

BulkUng-Stone. — The  Coal  Measures  seldcjui  afford  large  quanti- 
ties of  limestone  of  sufficient  thickness  and  of  the  right  quality  for 
good  building-stone,  and  this  material  has  to  be  sup})lied  mainly 
irom  the  sandstones,  which  are  usually  the  })rcvailing  rock  in  the 
coal  regions.  There  are  some  beds  of  limestone,  however,  in  this 
county  that  furnish  a  suitable  material  for  rough  walls,  though  the 
supply  is  quite  limited. 

Limestone  for  Lime. — The  gray  concretionary  beds  of  the  St. 
Louis  group,  which  outcroj)  in  the  valley  of  Spoon  river  from  Se- 
ville to  Bernadotte,  will  afford  the  best  material  for  the  manufacture 
of  quick-lime  to  be  found  in  the  county.  This  rock  is  usually  a 
nearly  pure  carbonate  of  lime,  and  the  beds  in  the  vicinity  of  Alton, 
which  also  belong  to  this  group,  aff'ord  the  purest  and  whitest  of 
lime  made  in  the  State.  The  limestone  above  No.  7  coal  is  gener- 
ally a  purer  carbonate  of  lime  than  any  other  of  the  Coal  Measure 
limestones  in  this  county,  and  might  be  extensively  used  in  the 
vicinity  of  Farmington  for  lime-burning. 

f^dud  (uid  Clay  for  BrU-h. — These  materials  are  abundant  on  all 
the  u])lands  in  the  county.  On  the  bluff' lands  adjacent  to  the  Illi- 
nois river  the  Loess  affords  an  excellent  material  for  this  purpose, 
in  wliich  the  ingredients  are  often  mixed  in  just  the  right  propor- 
tions. The  subsoils  of  the  prairies  and  of  the  oak  ridges  furnish  an 
abundance  of  brown  clay,  which,  mingled  with  sand  that  is  abun- 
dant in  the  beds  of  the  streams,  forms  a  gocxl  uiaterial  for  this  ])ur- 
pose.  These  materials  are  so  universally  distributed  that  they  may 
be  readily  found  in  everv  neiy;hborhood,  and  on  almost  everv  farm  in 
tlie  county. 

The  reason  whv  timber  soil  is  liy;hter  and  tiunner  than  that  of  the 
})rairie,  is  probably  the  fa(^t  that  grass  outran  the  trees  in  taking- 
possession  of  the  land,  the  latter  coming  slowly  uj)  the  water  courses 
and  contending  against  the  annual  jirairie  fires.  The  trees  once 
upon  the  hill-sides  and  high  land,  shi.ding  the  ground,  the  grass 
and  other  herbaceous  plants  were  so  killed  out  that  the  surface  easily 
washed  down,  rendering  it  still  poorer  for  the  latter  while  the  trees 
held  on  l)y  their  deeper  roots. 


CHAPTER  V. 

ZOOLOGY. 
QUADRUPEDS. 

Of  the  species  of  native  animals  that  once  roamed  the  flowery 
j)rairies  and  wild  forests  of  Fulton  county,  but  few  of  the  smaller 
remain,  iind  none  of  the  larjii;er.  Of  the  latter  we  cannot  even  iind 
a  specimen  preserved  in  taxidermy.  The  buffalo  which  grazed  u])on 
the  verdant  prairies  has  been  driven  westward.  With  or  before  it 
went  the  beaver,  elk,  badger,  panther,  black  wolf  and  black  bear. 
Some  animals  that  were  quite  numerous  have  l)ecome  very  rare, 
such  as  the  gray  fox,  the  catamount,"  otter,  lynx,  and  the  beautiful 
Virginia  deer. 

There  still  remain  many  of  the  different  species,  mostly  inhabit- 
ing the  country  adjacent  to  the  Illinois  and  Spoon  rivers  and  a  few 
of  the  other  larger  streams.  These  arc,  however,  fast  disap]>earing, 
and  ere  long  will  be  known  only  in  iiistorv,  as  are  the  deer,  the 
beaver,  and  the  bison.  Among  those  still  to  be  found  here  are  the 
gray  wolf,  which  is  numerous  in  some  parts,  the  opossum,  raccoon, 
mink,  muskrat,  the  common  weasel,  the  small  brown  weasel,  skunk, 
woodchuck,  or  Maryland  marmot,  jjrairie  mole,  common  shrew  mole, 
meadow  and  deer  mouse,  and  the  gray  rabbit.  Of  sijuirrels  there 
are  the  gray  timber  s(|uirrel,  the  fox,  chi])munk,  the  large  gray 
j)rairic  s(|uirrel,  the  striped  and  the  s})otted  prairie  sipiirrel,  and  the 
beautiful  Hying  sipurrcl.  The  dark-brown  and  the  reddish  bat  are 
common.  Other  small  animals  have  been  found  lu'rc  whicii  have 
strayed  from  other  localities. 

iUKDS. 

(Jf  the  o,()0()  existing  species  of  birds  many  have  sojourned  in  this 
county,  some  temporarily  and  others  for  a  considerable  time.  Many 
migratory  species  come  only  at  long  intervals,  and  therefore  but  little 
is  known  of  them. 

There  is  not  a  more  fascinating  study  than  that  afforded  by  our 
feathered  friends.  Their  free  movements  through  seemingly  bound- 
less space,  the  joyous  songs  of  many,  and  the  characteristic  tones  of 
all,  their  brilliant  colors,  their  lively  manners,  and  their  wonderful 
instincts,  have  from  earliest  ages  made  a  strong  impression  on  the 
minds  of  men,  and  in  the  infancy  of  intellect  gave  rise  to  many 


266  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

peculiar  and  mysterious  associations.  Hence  the  flight  of  birds 
was  made  tiie  foundation  of  a  peculiar  art  of  divination.  Relig:ion 
borrowed  many  symbols  from  tliem  and  poetry  many  of  its  orna- 
ments. Birds  avail  themselves  of  their  powers  of  wing  to  seek 
situations  adapted  for  them  in  respect  to  temperature  and  supply  of 
food.  The  arrival  of  summer  birds  is  alwavs  a  welcome  sign  of 
advancing  spring,  and  is  associated  with  all  that  is  cheerful  and 
delightful.  Some  birds  come  almost  at  the  same  date  annuallv  ; 
others  are  more  influenced  by  the  character  of  the  season,  as  mild 
or  severe. 

The  following  list  is  as  nearly  correct  as  can  be  compiled  from  the 
available  information  upon  the  subject : 

Ferchcrs. — This  order  of  birds  is  by  far  the  most  numerous,  and 
includes  nearly  all  those  which  are  attractive  eitlier  in  plumage  or 
in  song.  The  ruby-throated  humming-bird,  with  its  exquisite 
plumage  and  almost  ethereal  existence,  is  at  the  head  of  the  list. 
This  is  the  humming-bird  which  is  always  the  delight  of  the 
children,  and  is  the  only  one  found  in  Illinois.  The  chimney  swal- 
low, easily  known  from  other  swallows  bv  its  very  long  wings  and 
forked  tail,  and  which  is  a  true  swift,  is  quite  numerous.  Of  the 
whipjioorwill  family  tliere  are  two  representatives, — the  whippoorwill 
proper,  whose  uote  enb'vens  the  forest  at  night,  and  tlie  night-hawk. 
The  belted  kingfisher,  so  well  known  to  the  school-boy,  is  the 
onlv  member  of  its  familv  in  this  region.  At  the  head  of  the  flv- 
«^atchers  is  the  king-bird,  the  crested  flv-catcher  and  the  wood 
pewee. 

Sub-order  of -SVnf/c/'.v — Thrfishfdinilii. — Of  this  family  arc  the  robin, 
the  wood  thrush,  Wilson's  thrush,  the  blue-bird,  the  ruby-crowned 
and  the  golden-crested  wren,  tit-lai-k.  tlie  black  and  the  white 
creeper,  blue  yellow-backed  warbler,  vel low-breasted  chat,  worm- 
eating  warbler,  blue-wiuged  yellow  warl)lcr,  Tennessee  warbler,  and 
golden-crowned  thrush.  S/triJ:r  fami/i/. — This  family  is  represented 
by  the  great  northern  shrike,  red-eyed  fly-catcher,  white-eyed  fly- 
catcher, the  blue-headed  and  the  yellow-throated  fly-catcher. 
Siraf/ow  famili/. — This  family  of  birds  are  very  numerous  in  Ful- 
ton county.  Among  them  are  the  barn  swallow,  white-bellied 
swallow,  bank  swallow,  clitf  swallow,  and  purple  martin.  Wa.r- 
irinr/  faini/i/. — The  cedar  bird  is  the  representative  of  the  wax-wing 
in  America.  MofJ:!nf/-blriJ  fdnulij. — The  genera  of  this  family  ar(> 
the  cat-bird,  brown  thrush,  the  house  and  winter  wren.  Finch  and 
Sparrow  familif. — The  snow  bunting  and  Smith's  bunting  appear 
only  in  winter.  The  purjile  finch,  the  yellow  bird  and  the  lark 
finch  inhabit  this  county.  Of  the  passerine  genus  of  this  family 
are  the  Savannah  -^j^arrow,  the  field  and  the  chipping  sj>arrow,  the 
black  snow-l)ird,  the  tree  sparrow  the  song  sparrow,  the  swamp  and 
the  fox-colored  sparrow,  the  black-throated  bunting,  the  rose- 
breasted  gros-beak  and  the  ground  robin.  Titmouse  family  is 
represented    by    the    chickadee  and  the    tufted    titmouse.      Creeper 


HISTORY    OF    FUI.TOX    COUNTY.  267 

family. — There  are  two  specimens  of  this  lamily, — the  white-bellied 
nut-hatch  and  the  American  creeper.  Skylark  family. — This  melo- 
dious family  is  represented  here  by  only  the  common  skylark  of  the 
prairie.  Black-bird  family. — The  rusty  black-bird,  the  crow  black- 
bird, the  cow-bird,  the  red-winged  black-bird,  the  meadow  lark,  the 
orchard  and  the  Baltimore  orioles  of  this  family,  are  the  most  beau- 
tiful and  brilliant  of  birds  that  inhabit  this  region.  Croiv  family. 
— The  blue-jay  and  the  common  crow  comprise  the  species  of  this 
family. 

Birds  of  Prey. — This  order  of  birds  comprises  all  those,  with  few 
exceptions,  which  pursue  and  capture  birds  and  other  animals  for 
food.  They  are  mostly  of  large  size,  the  females  are  larger  than  the 
males,  they  live  in  pairs,  and  choose  their  mates  for  life.  Most  rap- 
torial birds  have  disappeared.  Among  them  arc  the  golden  eagle, 
which  was  always  rare  but  now  no  longer  seen  here ;  the  bald  eagle, 
or  properly  the  white-headed  eagle,  once  quite  common,  now  scarce. 
Some  well  preserved  specimens  of  this  genus  are  in  the  county. 
This  eagle  enjoys  the  honor  of  standing  as  our  national  emblem. 
Benjamin  Franklin  lamented  the  selection  of  this  bird  as  emblemat- 
ical of  the  Union,  for  its  great  cowardice.  It  has  the  ability  of 
ascending  in  circular  sweeps  without  any  apparent  motion  of  the 
wings  or  the  tail,  and  it  often  rises  in  this  manner  until  it  disappears 
from  view ;  when  at  an  immense  height,  and  as  if  observing  an 
object  on  the  ground,  it  sometimes  closes  its  wings,  and  glides  to- 
ward the  earth  with  such  velocity  that  the  eye  can  scarcely  follow 
it,  causing  a  loud  rustling  sound  like  a  violent  gust  of  wind  among 
the  branches  of  the  forest.  The  Hawk  family  has  eight  or  nine 
species,  some  but  seldom  seen,  others  common.  The  turkey-buzzard 
has  almost,  if  not  quite,  disappeared.  Of  the  owl  genera  are  sever- 
al species,  though  all  are  but  seldom  seen  because  of  their  nocturnal 
habits.  Among  them  are  the  ])arn  owl,  the  screech  owl,  tlie  long 
and  the  short-eared  owl,  the  barred  owl,  and  the  snowy  owl,  the  lat- 
ter being  the  rarest. 

Climbers. — But  few  of  this  order  remain  in  the  county,  the  most 
common  of  which  are  the  woodpeckers.  Of  the  various  kinds  are 
the  golden-winged,  the  pileated,  the  hairy,  the  downy,  the  yellow- 
bellied,  red-bellied  and  the  red-headed.  At  an  early  day  the  Car- 
olina parrot  was  often  seen,  but  he  has  now  entirely  deserted  thU 
section.     The  yellow  and  black-billed  cuckoos  are  occasionally  seen. 

Scrafchers. — This  order  contains  but  few  genera  in  this  county. 
The  wild  turkey,  the  choicest  of  game,  has  almost  entirely  disap- 
peared, and  was  the  only  one  of  its  family  that  ever  sojourned  here. 
In  an  early  day  they  were  in  abundance,  (rrousc  fa/mily. — The 
chiefest  among  this  family  is  the  prairie  chicken,  which,  if  not  care- 
fully protected,  must  ere  long  follow  the  wild  turkey,  never  to  re- 
turn. The  ruffled  grouse,  wrongfully  called  "pheasant,"  has  of  late 
made  its  appearance.  It  is  quite  fond  of  cultivated  fields,  and,  if 
properly  protected  and  encouraged  until  it   becomes  fairly  settled. 


268  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY. 

will   make  a  fine   addition  to  the   game,  and   fill  the  place  of  the 
prairie  chicken.     Partridge  famUy. — The  fate  of  that  excellent  bird, 
the  quail,  is  only  a  question  of  a  short  time.      The  Dove  family. — The 
wild  pigeons  continue  to  make  their  semi-annual  visits,  but  not  in 
such  vast  numbers  as  vears  ago.     Acres  of  forest  were  so  often  filled 
at  night  with  these  birds  that  the  breaking  of  boughs  and  the  flying 
of  pigeons  made  a  noise  that  could  be  heard  for  miles,  and  the  shot 
of  a  sportsman's  gun  could  not  be  heard  at  a  distance  of  ten  feet. 
Highly  interesting  is  the  description  by  Audubon  of  the   enormous 
flights  which   he   observed   on   the  Ohio  in   the  fall  of  18J3;  they 
obscured   the   daylight  and  lasted  three  days  without  interruption. 
According  to  a  very  moderate  estimate  of  his,  each  flight  contained 
the  stupendous  number  of  one  billion,  one    hundred    and     fifteen 
thousand  million,    one    hundred  and    thirty-six  thousand    pigeons. 
These  flights  caused  a  general  commotion  among  the  entire  rural 
])opulation.     Desirous  of  booty  and  anxious  lest  their  crops  should 
be  spoiled,  the  farmers,  arming  themselves  Avith  rifles,  clubs,  poles, 
torches   and   iron  pots  filled  with  sulphur,  proceed   to   the   resting- 
places   of  the   birds.     The  work  of  slaughter   being  accomplished, 
everybody   sat   down  among  mountains  of  dead   pigeons,   plucking 
and  salting  the  birds  which  they  selected,  abandoning  the  rest  to  the 
the   foxes,   wolves,  raccoons,  opossums  and  hogs,  whole   herds    of 
which  were  driven  to  the  battle-field.     The  plaintive   notes  of  the 
Carolina  dove,  commonly  known  as   the  turtle-dove,  are  still  heard. 

Swimmers. — This  order  of  birds,  which  formerly  frequented  this 
county  in  large  numbers,  have  almost  disappeared.  They  are  mi- 
gratory, and  in  their  usnal  season  would  appear  coming  from  the 
north  or  south,  as  winter  passes  into  summer  or  summer  into  winter. 
Diver  family. — The  great  northern  diver,  or  loon,  sometimes  visits 
this  section,  but  inhabits  the  frigid  zone.  Gull  family. — Of  this 
family  are  Wilson's  tern  and  the  silvery  gull.  Pelican  family. — The 
rough-l)illed  pelican  was  the  only  genus  of  this  family  that  ever 
stopped  in  Fulton  county,  and  it  has  now  altogether  ceased  to 
make  its  visits  here.  Cormorant  family. — The  double-crested  cor- 
morant, or  sea  raven,  has  been  seen  here.  Duck  family. — This 
family  of  migratory  birds  visited  the  ponds  and  streams  of  this 
county  in  large  numbers  before  it  became  so  thickly  settled,  both  on 
their  northern  and  southern  passage,  but  now  mostly  confine  them- 
selves to  the  Illinois,  where  large  numbers  are  found.  This  family 
furnishes  most  game  for  sportsmen  and  for  the  table.  There  are  the 
wood-duck,  the  big  black-headed  duck,  the  ring-necked  duck,  the 
red-head,  the  canvas-back,  the  dipper,  the  sheldrake  or  goosander, 
the  fish  duck,  the  red-breasted,  and  the  hooded  merganser,  the  mal- 
lard and  the  pintail,  the  green-winged  and  the  blue-winged  teal,  the 
spoonbill  and  the  gadwall,  the  baldpate,  the  American  swan,  the 
trumpeter  swan  and  the  white-fronted  goose. 

Waders. — Probably  less  is  known  of  this  order  of  birds  than  of 
any  other,  because  of  their  shyness  and  solitary  habits.     They  fre- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  269 

quented  the  marshes,  but  cultivation  has  drained  their  favorite 
haunts.  Crane  famili/. — The  whooping  crane,  always  rare,  is  now 
never  seen.  The  sand-hill  cranes  stop  on  their  journeys  north  and 
south.  Heron  family. — The  great  blue  heron  or  crane,  least  bittern, 
the  green  heron,  night  heron  and  the  American  bittern,  compose 
those  of  this  family  visiting  this  region.  Ibis  family. — The  glossy 
ibis  has  been  seen  here.  Plover  family. — The  golden  plover,  the 
killdeer  and  the  king  plover  comprise  this  family  known  here. 
Phalarope  family. — The  Wilson's  and  the  red  phalarope  have  fre- 
quented the  swamps  of  this  county,  l^nipe  family. —  \"arious  birds 
of  this  family  have  been  common  in  and  around  the  swamps  of  this 
county.  Among  them  were  Wilson's  snipe,  gray  or  red-breasted 
snipe,  the  least  and  the  semi-})almated  sandpiper,  the  willett,  the 
tell-tale,  the  yellow-leg,  the  solitary  sandpiper,  the  spotted  sand- 
piper, the  field  plover,  long-billed  curlew,  the  common  rail,  the  clap- 
per rail  or  mud  hen,  and  the  coot. 

Reptiles. — All  of  the  species  of  this  class  that  ever  inhabited  this 
region  are  still  to  be  found  here  except  the  poisonous  snakes.  The 
rattlesnake,  of  the  genus  Crotalus,  is  of  a  yellowish-brown  color, 
and  has  a  series  of  horny  joints  at  the  end  of  the  tail,  which  make 
a  rattling  sound.  These  were  the  most  venomous  of  all  snakes 
found  here,  and  were  numerous  in  tlie  early  settlement.  There  are 
two  kinds,  the  bandy,  or  striped,  and  the  prairie  rattlesnake,  the  lat- 
ter being  still  occasionally  found.  The  copperhead  was  always  rare. 
Among  the  harmless  snakes  are  the  water-snake,  the  garter-snake, 
the  bull-snake,  the  milk-snake,  the  black-snake,  and  the  blue  racer. 

Many  reptiles  found  here  are  erroneously  called  lizards,  but  are 
salamanders  and  other  like  innocent  creatures.  Lizards  are  never 
found  in  this  county.  Among  the  tortoises  or  turtles  are  found  the 
map  turtle,  the  snapping  and  the  soft-shelled  turtle.  Of  the  batra- 
chian,  or  naked  reptiles,  there  are  a  few,  and,  though  loathsome  to  sight 
and  touch,  are  harmless.  The  toad,  the  l)ull-frog,  the  leopard-frog, 
the  tree-toad,  with  some  tailed  batrachia,  comprise  the  most  of  this 
order.  The  Illinois-river  bull-frog  is  as  large  as  a  man's  head,  often 
much  larger,  and  his  deep  bellowing  can  be  heard  for  a  mile  or  more. 

FISHES. 

Although  fishes  are  the  lowest  class  of  vertebrates,  their  varied 
forms  and  colors,  which  often  rival  those  of  precious  stones  and 
burnished  gold,  the  wonderful  power  and  velocity  of  some,  the 
wholesome  food  furnished  by  many,  and  the  exciting  sport  of  their 
capture,  combine  to  render  fishes  subjects  of  great  interest  to  the 
casual  observer,  as  well  as  to  the  amateur  and  professional  natural- 
ist. The  number  of  known  species  of  fishes  is  about  ten  thousand. 
The  waters  of  this  county  are  quite  prolific  of  the  finny  tribe.  The 
commerce  in  fish  has  become  quite  extensive  along  the  Illinois. 
Sickle-backed  family. — This  family  furnishes  the  game  fish,  and  are 


•270  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

never  caught  larger  than  lour  pounds  in  weight.  Tlie  various  gen- 
era found  here  are  the  black  bass,  goggle-eye,  the  croppy,  or  big 
black  sun-fish,  and  the  two  common  sun-fish.  PU:c  family. — There 
are  but  two  species  of  this  family, —  the  pickerel,  weighing  from 
five  to  twenty-five  pounds,  and  the  gar  pike.  Sucker  fainily. — Of  this 
tribe  are  the  buifalo,  red-horse,  white  sucker,  two  species  of  black- 
suckers,  mullet  ranick.  Fisli  of  this  family  are  found  in  all  the 
streams  of  the  county.  They  abound  wherever  there  is  water. 
Cat-fish  family. — Of  this  voracious  family  the  channel  cat-fish,  the 
mud  cat-fish  and  two  species  of  the  small  cat-fish  inhabit  the  waters 
of  this  coiuity,  and  are  caught  ranging  in  weight  from  one  to  thirty 
pounds. 

The  shovel-fish  is  yet  abundant,  and  its  fiesh,  as  well  as  its  general 
appearance,  resembles  that  of  the  cat-fish.  ' 

Besides  these  varieties  there  are  the  chub,  silver-sides  and 
fresh-water  herring,  and  large  numbers  of  other  species  denominated 
minnows,  which  are  found  in  the  smallest  spring  branches,  as  well  as 
the  larger  streams. 


CHAPTER  VI. 

BOTANY. 

Besides  the  mushrooms,  mosses,  lichens  and  the  other  lower  orders, 
there  are  about  a  thousand  s))ecies  of  plants  growing  within  the 
bounds  of  this  county.  Having  almost  every  variety  of  ground 
here,  our  flora  is  richer  than  that  of  most  other  counties  in  the 
State.  On  the  following  pages  we  give  a  list  qf  all  the  plants  grow- 
ing here,  except  the  mushrooms,  mosses,  etc.,  and  indicate  their  rel- 
ative abundance  by  the  letters  a,  abundant ;  c,  common  but  not 
abundant ;  v,  rare  but  not  very  rare ;  and  v  r,  very  rare.  These  terms 
refer  to  the  county  at  large.  Some  plants  abound  in  certain  situa- 
tions, as  sand,  swamps,  ponds,  prairie,  etc.,  in  certain  parts  of  the 
county,  which  occur  rarely  if  at  all  in  other  parts. 

As  to  the  order  in  the  list,  we  follow  Gray's  Manual,  5th  edition, 
and  give  the  English  names  instead  of  the  scientific  where  they  are 
to  be  had.  Names  in  parenthesis  are  generally  synonyms.  We 
have  not  space  to  indicate  medical  ])roperties  or  other  peculiarities. 
Nearly  all  the  plants  growing  spontaneously  in  cultivated  and  waste 
grounds  are  "introduced,"  that  is,  they  have  been  brought  here  by 
white  settlers, — unintentionally,  of  course,  with  reference  to  most  of 
the  weeds.  In  the  timbered  section  no  j^articular  weed  is  on  the  in- 
crease at  the  present  day,  but  in  the  prairie  section  the  garden  pars- 
nip, common  thistle,  richweed  (in  the  artificial  gnn'es),  toad-flax, 
wild  lettuce  and  oxybaphus,  a  four-o'clock  plant,  are  increasing 
rapidly.  While  the  wild  plants  in  the  woods  are  about  the 
same  as  originally,  the  prairie  has  changed  its  grassy  clothing  for 
cultivated  crops  and  hundreds  of  different  weeds.  Before  settlement 
by  the  whites  the  prairie  was  mostly  covered  by  one  or  two  kinds  of 
grass.  Several  other  kinds  grew  in  patches  here  and  there,  notably 
the  Indian  grass  and  blue  joint,  which  grew  very  tall.  In  wet 
places  grew  the  slough  grass  and  many  sedges,  and  along  the  chan- 
neled sloughs  al)Ounded  several  species  of  golden-rod,  aster  and  wild 
sunflower,  which  in  the  latter  part  of  the  summer  and  during  almost 
the  whole  autumn  formed  broad  yellow  stripes  across  the  prairies, 
and  were  pecidiarly  churming.  Prairie  clover,  false  wild  indigo, 
several  species  of  rosin-weed  and  a  few  other  Meeds  have  almost  dis- 
appeared with  the  original  prairie,  while  a  few  of  the  modest  straw- 
berry, star-grass  and  blue-eyed  grass  remain  M-ith  us  as  sweet  remin- 
iscences of  the  past. 


272  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


Persons  coming  to  this  county  in  early  day  were  struck  with 
the  high  and  rolling  appearance  of  the  prairie,  which  they  had  before 
always  imagined  low  and  level ;  and  this  billowy  character  of  the 
prairie,  combined  with  its  dreamy  verdure,  has  inspired  a  native  of 
this  county  to  indite  the  followino' 


'& 


A  liillowy  ocean  with  green  carpet  spread,  \ 

Which  iiowers  with  beauty  in  abundance  fedl 

With  gUttering  stars  of  amaryllis  wliite, 

With  violets  blue  and  roses  red  and  bright, 

With  golden  cinquefoil,  star-grass,  buttercups. 

With  dazzing  cardinal-tlowers  and  painted-cups. 

And  bright-regaliaed  meadow  larks  to  sing, 

This  grassy  sea  appeared  in  smiling  spring. 

In  summer  came  the  stately  compass-plant. 

As  if  to  guide  the  wandering  immigrant. 

Then  asters,  golden-rods  and  wild  suntlowers 

O'erspread  the  vales  in  labryinthine  bowers. 

Thus  nature,  clad  in  vesture  gold  and  green. 

Brought  autumn  in  and  closed  the  flowery  scene. 

In  the  forests  the  most  valuable  timber  has  been  pretty  cleanly 
cut  out,  as  the  walnut,  ash,  hickory  and  tlie  neatest  oaks,  while  gin- 
senof  is  the  most  notable  of  the  herbaceous  ])lants  that  has  been  nearly 
all  taken. 

AVe  venture  to  compile  the  following  list  of  corrections  from 
Grav's  Manual : 

ERRONEOUS  NAME.  CORRECT  NAME. 

Sarsaparilla.  Moonseed. 

Buttercups.  Creeping  Crowfoot. 

Ladies'  Slippers  (or  Moccasins.)  Touch-me-nots. 

Sheep  Sorrel.  AVood  Sorrel. 

Ivy.  Mrginia  Creeper. 

Bittersweet.  Climbing  Bittersweet. 

Red  Maple.  White  Maple. 

Pursley.  Purslane. 

Black  Haw.  Sheepberry  (mostly). 

Ox-eye  Daisy.  Conefiower. 

Canada  Thistle.  Common  Thistle. 

Spanish  Needles.  Beggar  Ticks. 

Carolina  Pink.  Cardinal  Flower. 

Blue-Bells.  Smooth  Lungwort. 

Horsemint.  Wild  Bergamot. 

Peppermint.  Wild  Mint. 

Wild  Morning-glorv.  Hedge  Bindweed. 

Ball  (or  Bull)  Nettle.  Horse  Nettle. 

Lake  Grass.  River  Club  Rush. 

Moonseed  is  a  smooth  vine  running  u[)  on  bushes  somewhat  like 
a  morning-glory,  and  has  a  round,  bright  yellow  root,  with  a  tonic 
bitter  taste,  while  the  true  wild  sarsaparilla  of  this  country  is  a  kind 
of  large  ginseng.  The  true  l)uttercu])s  of  the  P^ast  arc  not  found 
in  this  county.  Sheep  sorrel  has  lance-shaped,  sharp-pointed 
leaves,  while  wood  sorrel  has  leaves  like  clover.  Poison  ivv  has 
leaves  like  the  box-elder,  three  leaflets  to  each  leaf,  and  when  the 
l)laut  is  voung  it  can  be  distinguished  from  tlie  latter  by  its   having 


HISTORY    OF    FUT.TON    COFXTT.  273 

no  white  bloom  on  the  stem.  The  Virginia  ereeper  has  five  leaflets 
to  each  leaf,  almost  in  a  circle,  and  is  quite  innoxious.  The  true 
bittersweet  does  not  grow  wild  here.  It  has  sparingly  escaped  from 
o-ardens  to  roadsides.  Red  maple  grows  in  Southern  Illinois,  but 
not  here.  Its  flowers  are  quite  red.  There  is  the  true  black-haw  in 
this  county,  very  scarce,  and  differs  but  very  little  from  the  more 
common  sheep-berry.  Beggar-ticks  differ  but  little  from  the  true 
Spanish  needles.  Cardinal-flower  is  that  dazzling  scarlet-red  flower, 
on  a  plant  about  two  feet  high  in  low  grounds,  July  and  August. 
The  white-flowered  wild  "  morning-glory  "  is  hedge  bindweed.  The 
true  Solomon's  seal  has  greenish-white  flowers  along  the  sides  of 
tiie  plant,  and  the  berries  when  ripe  are  black  or  blue;  false  Solo- 
mon's seal  has  white  flowers  at  the  summit,  and  speckled  berries. 

The  svcamore  of  the  old  world  is  very  diflerent  from  our  syca- 
more here  (button-wood).  The  diflerent  kinds  of  ash  are  difficult 
to  distinguish,  and  some  of  the  oaks  hybridize  so  that  the  leaves  of 
the  same  tree  will  often  be  various  in  shape,  and  the  acorns  of  all 
intermediate  grades.  Some  names,  even  in  the  books,  are  applied  to 
two  diflerent  plants,  as  button  snakeroot,  black  snakeroot,  syca- 
more, goose-grass,  etc. 

CATALOGUE    OF    PLANTS    GROWING    SPONTANEOUSLY    IN 

FULTON    COUNTY. 

Crotrfoot  Famil}!. — a,  creeping  crowfoot  ;  r,  Virginian  anemone,  Pennsyl- 
vanian  anemone,  rue  anemone,  early  meadow  rue,  purplish  meadow  rue,  tall 
meadow  rue,  yellow  water  crowfoot,  water  plantain  spearwort,  small-Howered 
crowfoot,  hooked  crowfoot,  bristly  crowfoot,  early  crowfoot,  false  rue  anemone, 
marsh  marigold  (cowslips),  wild  columbine,  liver-leaf  (liverwort,  hepatica), 
dwarf  larkspur,  azure  larkspur;  /•,  Clematis  Pitcheri,  virgin's  bower,  long-fruited 
anemone,  false  bugbane,  wood  anemone  (wind-flower),  yellow  puccoon  (orange 
root,  turmeric  root),  white  baneberry,  black  snakeroot ;  rr,  leather-flower,  Caro- 
lina anemone,  stiff  water  crowfoot,  mouse-tail,  red  baneberry. 
CiixUml-AppJe  Famihj. — r,  pawpaw. 
Moonsei'd  Fdinlly. — c,  Canadian  moonseed. 

Barherry  F(nitih/. —  a,  May-apple  (mandrake);   r,  blue  cohosh   (pappoose- 
root);  (T,  twin-leaf. 

Wnfrr-Lih/  Family.— c,  tuber-bearing   water-lily  (the  most  common  pond 
or  white  lily  )j  yellow  pond-lily  (spatter-dock,  frog  lily;  r,  water-shield  (water 
target),  yellow  nelumbo  (water  chinquepin). 
Poppy  Family. — c,  blood-root. 

Fumitory  Family. — c,  Dutchman's  breeches ;  rr,  climbing  fumitory,  squirrel- 
corn,  golden  corydalis. 

Mustard  F((rnily.—a,  hedge  mustard,  shepherd's  purse,  wild  pepper-grass ; 
c,  marsh  cress,  lake  cress,  pepper-root,  spring  cress,  small  bitter  cress,  winter 
cress  (yellow  rocket)  tansy  mustard,  black  mustard,  Draba  Caroliniana ;  r, Arabis 
Ludoviciana,  lyrata  dentata,  hirsuta  and  Canadensis;  /•/■,  nasturtium  sessiliflo- 
rum,  Arabis  Ifevigatd  and  he?peridoides,  wormseed  mustard. 
Caper  Fauiily — ;■,  spider-flower;  n-,  polanisia. 

Vialrt  Fa)uify.—a,  blue  violet;  c,  arrow-leaved  violet,  downy  yellow  violet, 
/■,  handdeaf  violet,  larkspur  violet,  bird-foot  violet(also  var.  bicolor),  dog  violet; 
/•/■,  green  violet,  pale  violet,  pansy  ( heart' s-ease). 

Rock-Rosr  Family.— F'mweeAs;  c,  Lechea  minor;  /■,  Lechea  major,  tenui- 
folia  and  racemosa,  frostweed. 


274  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY. 

St.  John'' s-ivort  Family. — c,  Hypericum  corymbosum  and  mutilura ;  ir,  great 
St.  John's-wort,  shrubby  St.  John's-AAort,  common  St.  John's-wort,  Hypericum 
Canadense,  orange-grass  (pine-weed),  marsh  St.  John'.s-wort. 

Watrr-iroii  FarniJij. — /•,  Water-wort. 

Pink  Fainihj. — «,  Mouse-ear  chickweed ;  c,  Ijouncing  bet  (soap-wortj, 
starry  campion,  sleepy  campion,  corn  cockle,  Arenaria  lateriflora,  common 
chickweed,  long-leaved  stitch  wort,  Cerastium  nutans,  forked  chickweed;  r, 
larger  mouse-ear  chickweed  ;  vr,  cow-herb,  Silene  nivea. 

Purslane  Farnih/. — a,  Common  purslane;  c,  spring  beauty ;  re,  Claytonia 
Carol  iniana. 

MalJou:  Fa)nili/. — a,  Common  mallow  (low  mallow,  cheese  mallow);  c,  sida 
(spinosa),  velvet-leaf  (Indian  mallow),  bladder  ketmia  (flower  of  an  hour);  /■/■, 
high  mallow,  Callirrhoe,  glade  mallow,  hallierd-leaved  rose  mallow. 

Linden  Faniihj. — r,  Bass-wood  (lin. ) 

Flax  Faniihj. — r,  Linum  sulcatum;  rr,  Linum  Virginianum. 

Geranium  Fantih/. — c,  Yellow  wood-sorrel;  e,  wild  cranesbill  (spotted  gera- 
nium), Carolina  cranesbill,  pale  and  .spotted  touch-me-not,  violet  wood-sorrel : 
'■/',  false  mermaid. 

Rue  Family. — ;•,  Northern  prickly  ash,  hop-tree  (shrub  trefoil). 

Cashew  Family. — o.  Smooth  sumac;  r,  poison  ivy;  rr,  dwarf  sumac,  fra- 
grant sumac  (possibly). 

Vine  Family. — a,  Virginia  creeper;  <■,  winter  grape  (frost  grape)  ;  rr,  sum- 
mer grape  (r  at  Canton  landing,  and  Vitis  riparia  may  be  common  along  the 
river). 

Buckthorn  Family. — e.  New  Jersey  tea  (red-root);  rr,  Rhamnus  lanceolatus 
and  alnifolius. 

Staff-tree  Family. — r,  Climbing  bittersweet  (wax-work),  waahoo  i burning- 
bush). 

Soap-berry  Family. — a,  White  maple  (silver  or  soft  maple) ;  e,  Ohio  buckeye 
(fcetid  buckeye),  sugar  maple  (rock  or  hard  maple),  box  elder  (ash-leaved 
maple ) ;  /•,  American  bladder-nut. 

Milkirort  Family. — e,  Polygala  verticillata;  /■,  Polygala  sanguinea,  Seneca 
snakeroot;  rr,  Polygala  incarnata,  amlngua  and  polygama. 

False  Family. — a.  White  clover;  r,  red  clover.  Astragalus  Canadensis,  tick 
trefoil  (four  species,  viz :  Desmodium  acuminatum,  nudiflorum,  Canadense 
and  sessilifolium),  Lespedeza  violacea  and  capitata  (bush  clover),  marsh 
vetchling.  Phaseolus  diver.sifolius,  hog  peanut  (wild  pea-vinej,  false  or  wild 
indigo  (i?aptisia  leucantha),  Baptisia  leucophoea,  red-bud  (Judas  tree),  par- 
tridge pea,  honey  locust  (three-thorned  acacia);  /■,  rattle-box,  prairie  clover 
(two  species),  false  indigo  (Amorpha  fruticosa),  lead  plant,  goat's  rue,  tick 
trefoil  (four  species,  viz:  Desmodium  canescens,  cuspidatum,  paniculatum, 
Illinoense),  Vicia  Americana,  ground-nut  (wild  bean),  Phaseolus  helvolus  and 
pauciflorus,  wild  senna,  Kentucky  coflee-tree  (coffee-bean);  /y,  stone  clover 
(rabbit  foot),  buffalo  clover,  running  buffalo  clover,  yellow  melilot  (yellow 
sweet  clover),  sweet  clover  (white  sweet  clover,  white  melilot  i,  Psoralea  ono- 
brychis  and  floribunda,  tick  trefoil  (four  species,  viz:  Desmodium  pauciflo- 
rum,  Dillenii,  ciliare  and  Marilandicumj,  wild  sensitive  plant,  Desmanthus 
brachylobus. 

Rose  Family. — a,  Wild  black  cherry,  common  cinquefoil  (five-linger),  straw- 
berry, common  or  high  blackberry;  c,  wild  yellow  or  retl  plum,  agrimony, 
Geum  all)um  (avens),  Potentilla  Norvegica  and  arguta,  black  raspberry  (thim- 
l)le-berry),  dwai'f  wild  rose,  early  wild  rose,  scarlet-fruited  thorn,  Ijlack  thorn 
(pear  thorn,  red  haw  —  two  varieties),  cockspur  thorn,  crab-apple;  /■,  choke 
cherry,  nine-bark,  meadow  sweet,  small-flowered  agrimony,  Geum  strictum, 
dewberry  (low  blackberry),  swamp  rose;  rr,  queen  of  the  prairie,  goat's-beard, 
American  ipecac,  Canadian  burnet,  Geum  Virginianum  and  vernum,  Fragaria 
vesca  (a  strawberry),  prairie  rose,  climbing  ro.se,  shad-busli  (service  or  June 
berry) . 

Sa.rifraae  Family.  —  c.  Gooseberry  (Ribes  Cynosbati  and  rotundifolium), 
swamp  saxifrage,  alum  root;  rr,  wild  black  currant  (and  red  currant?),  wild 
liydrangea,  Parnas.sia  Caroliniana  (grass  of  Parnassus i,  mitre- wort  (l)ishop's 
cap). 

Orpine  Fahiily.—  e,  Ditch  (or  Virginia)  stone-crop. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  27o 

WIfch  Ilnzil  FamUii. —  '■/',  Witch  hazel. 

]V<ili'r-Milfnil  /•Vni/iiV//.— /•,  MyriophyHum  verticillutum  ;  rr.  M.  heterophyl- 
lum  and  scabratum,  mermaid  weed,  mare's-tail. 

Eirn'mg  rriinrnxr  FrDnllii. —  r,  Enchanter's  nightshade,  Epilobium  coloratum, 
evening  primroi^e,  Ludwigia  jiolycarpa,  water  purslane;  r,  gaura  (biennis), 
Epilobium  palustre,  var:  lineare,  E.  molle,  OEnothera  rhombipetala,  sun-drops, 
seed-box. 

Melastomn  Famih/.~rr,  Meadow  beauty  (deer  grass). 

LooHf^trifc  Faui'ifij. —  c,  Lythrum  alatnni  (loosestrife);  *•,  Amnuinnia  latifolia. 
clammy  cnphea;  ry,' Ammaimia  humilis  and  Nuttallii,  swamp  loosestrife. 
ho(ti<i(  Faiiiih/. —  '■/'.  Mentzelia  oligosi)erma. 

Gdiird  Fniiiili/.—  (;Wi\d  balsam-apple  (wild  cucumber);  c,  one-seeded  star 
cucumber. 

Pdrdeij  Fmnihi. — c,  Rattlesnake  master  (button  snakeroot);  parsnip  (garden), 
Thaspium  aureum,  spotted  cowbane  (water  hemlock,  poison  hemlock,  beaver 
poison,  musquash  root),  water  parsnip  (Slum  lineare),  honewort,  chervil;  /•, 
black  snakeroot  (sanicle),  Sanicula  Marihindica,  cow  parsnip,  Cicuta  bulbifera, 
smoother  and  hairy  sweet  cicely,  harbinger  of  si)ring  (pepper-and-salt);  n\ 
Polyta-nia  Nuttallii,  cowbane,  great  angelica,  Thaspium  barbinode  (a  meadow 
parsnip),  Thaspium  trifoliatum,  Zizia  integerrinla,  water  parsnip  (Sium  angus- 
tifoHum),  poison  hendock  (?Conium  luaculatum),  Eulophus  Americanus. 
(,'iiisi'iKj  Finiiihi. — c,  Spikenard;  r,  wild  sarsaparilla  and  ginseng. 
ftiiijiriiixl  Fnuiilii. —  c,  Silky  cornel  (kinnikinnik),  rough-leaved  dogwood, 
panicled,  cornel  (the  common  "dogwood):  r,  red  osier  dogwood,  alternatedeaved 
cornel ;  rv,  flowering  dogwood. 

Honciisnckir  Fdmilji. — '/,  Elder;  c,  yellow  honeysuckle,  fever-wort  (horse 
gentian),  sheepberry  ;  v,  small  honeysuckle;  '/•,  black  haw,  arrow-wood. 

Mddihr  F<iniiJii.--i\  Cleavers  (goose-grass),  (Talium  concinnuin,  small  bed- 
straw,  sweet-scented  bedstraw,  wild  liquorice  [liquorice  root),  Ijutton-bush  ;  c, 
Galium  pilosum,  button-weed,  Diodia  teres  (a  button-weed). 
Vnln-idii  Fmnihi. —  c,  Fedia  radiata. 
CiWijxjxit/'  F'linlh/. — <i,  Boneset  ithoroughwort),  Aster  miser  (starved  aster 
—  WikkJ),  horse-weed  (butter-weed),  hog-weed  (rag-weed,  bitter-weed,  Roman 
wormwood),  beggar-ticks  (Spanish  needles),  sneezeweed,  May-weed  (dog-fen- 
nel), yarrow  (milfoil),  common  thistle,  burdock,  dandelion;  '■,  Liatris  cylin- 
dracea,  pycnostachya  and  scariosa,  Kuhnia  eupatorioides,  Eupatorium  sero- 
tinum,  white  snakerf)ot.  Aster  sericeus,  Ifevis,  azurens,  undulatus,  sagittifolius 
larrow-leaveil  aster  —  Tl'oo'/),  multitlorus,  dumosus,  Tradescanti,  simplex,  car- 
nens,  oblongifolins,  Nova-  AnglicC,  Rolnn's  plantain,  common  fleabane,  daisy 
fieabane  (sweet  scabious),  daisy  fleabane  (Erigeron  strigosum),  Diplopappus 
linariifolius,  Boltonia  glastifolia,  golden-rods — Solidago  latifolia,  rigida,  ulmifo- 
lia,  Missouriensis,  Canadensis,  serotina,  lanceolata,  compass  plant  (polar  plant, 
rosin-weed),  Silphium  integrifolium,  cup-plant,  Parthenium  integrifolium, 
great  ragweed,  cockle-bur  (clot-bur),  ox-eye,  purple  conetiower  (two  species  — 
F'A'hinacea  purpurea  and  angustifolia),  cone  Hower(five  species, —  Rudbeckia 
laciniata,  snl)tomentosa,  triloba,  speciosa  and  hirtai,  Lepachys  pinnata,  Heli- 
anthus  rigidus,  occidentalis,  grosse-serratus,  struinosus,  and  doronicoides, 
Coreopsis  palmata,  tall  coreopsis,  swamp  beggar-ticks,  larger  bur  marigold, 
fetid  marigoM  (false  dog-fennel),  biennial  wormwood,  plantain-leaved  ever- 
lasting, fire-weed,  Cirsium  discolor  and  altissimum,  false  lettuce  (blue  lettuce, 
three  sj'ecies,  viz:  Mulgedium  acuminatum,  Floridanum  and  leucoph;eum,  com- 
mon sow-thistle,  spiny-leaved  sow-thistle;  /•,  iron-weed  (Vernonia  Novebora- 
censis  and  fasciculata),  blazing  star  (Lititris  squarrosa,  button  snakeroot), 
trumpet-weed  (Joe-Pye  weed),  Eupatorium  altissimum,  upland  boneset,  mist- 
flower.  Aster  Drummoniiii,  cordifolius,  ericoides,  tenuifolius,  testivus,  longifo- 
lius,  Erigeron  divaricatum,  Diplopappus  umbellatus,  golden-rods — Solidago 
speciosa,  Ohioensis,  Riddelii,  neglecta,  altissima,  neinoralis,  radula,  gigantea 
and  tenuifolia,  Chrysopsis  villosa.  Ambrosia  bidentata  and  psylostachya, 
FCclipta  procumbens,  wild  sunflowers — Helianthus  divaricatus,  giganteus,  de- 
capetalus,  Actinomeris  squarrosa  and  helianthoides.  Coreopsis  lanceolata  and 
aristosa,  smaller  bur  marigold,  Leptopoda  brachypoda,  tansy,  Artemisia  cau- 
data,  western  mugwort,  everlasting,  purplish  cudweed,  pale  Indian  plantain, 
tuberous  Indian  plantain,  golden  ragwort  (squaw-weed):  swamp-thistle,  Cyn- 


27(i  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

thia  (Virginica),  rattlesnake  root  (white  lettuce,  Nabalus  al])us),  Nabalus  race- 
mosns  and  crepidineus,  wild  lettuce  (two  varieties);  rr,  Aster  corymbosus, 
turliinellus,  Shortii,  puniceus,  prenanthoides,  amethystinus,  anomalus  and 
ptarmicoides,  golden-rods  —  Solidago  ctesia,  patula  and  arguta,  prairie  dock, 
wild  sunfiowers — Helianthus  Ipetiflorus,  mollis,  hirsutus  and  tracheliifolius. 
Coreopsis  lanceolata,  tickseed  sunflower,  Coreopis  discoidea,  Cacalia  suaveo- 
lens  (an  Indian  plantain),  great  Indian  plantain,  pasture  thistle,  Canada  this- 
tle, dwarf  dandelion,  Troximon  cuspidatum,  rough  hawkweed,  hairy  hawk- 
weed,  Nabalus  asper. 

Lohdiii  Fdiiiih/. — c,  Cardinal  flower,  great  lobelia,  Indian  tobacco  (the  medi- 
cal lobelia),  Lobelia  spicata;  rr,  Lobelia  leptostachys  and  Kalmii. 

CanipanuJn  F(i)iilli/  (  BeHirortt^). — r,  Venus's  looking-glass  ;  /',  harebell,  nuirsh 
l)ellflo\ver,  tall  bellflower. 

Ili'dtlt  F((nil/i/. — r,  Indian  pipe  (corpse  plant);  rr,  low  blueberry,  bearberry. 

Holh/  FdiiiUi/. — rr,  Black  alcler  ( winterberry). 

EhDiiji  Fairilln. — r,  Persimmon. 

Fliinfiiiii  Fdirilhi. — r(,  Common  plantain;  *r,  Plantago  sparsiflora,  cordata, 
Virginica  and  pusilla. 

Primrose  Fiunili/. — c  Lysimachia  ciliata  and  lanceolata;  r,  Androsace  occi- 
dentalis,  American  cowslip  (shooting  star),  Lysimachia  longifolia,  chaff-weed, 
water  pin\pernel  (brook-weed);  rr,  tufted  loosestrife. 

BIdddrrirort  FainUii. — c,  Great  bladderwort;  r,  Utricularia  intermedia. 

Bi(/iio)ii((  Ffurillj/. — (',  Trumpet  creeper,  unicorn  plant. 

Hrooiu-rape  F\imih/. — /',  One-flowered  cancer-root. 

Figirort  Family. — c,  Mullein,  toad-flax  (butter-and-eggs,  ramsted),  figwort, 
Gratioia  Virginica  (a  hedge  hyssop),  false  pimpernel,  Culver's  root  (or  physic), 
purslane  speedwell,  purple  Gerardia,  slender  Gerardia,  Gerardia  pedicularia, 
lousewort  (wood  betony),  Pedicularis  laceolata  ;  /•,  beard-tongue  (Pentstemon 
pubescens),  monkey  flower,  Conobea  multifida,  Herpestis  rotundifolia,  corn 
speedwell,  downy  false  foxglove,  smooth  false  foxglove,  Gerardia  integrifolia, 
grandiflora  and  auriculata,  scarlet  ]iainted-cup ;  rr,  moth  mullein,  wild  toad- 
flax, innocence  (Collinsia  verna),  turtle-head  (snake-head),  Pentstemon  Digi- 
talis, Miinulus  alatus  and  Jamesii,  Gratiola  spbaerocarpa,  Synthyris  Plough- 
toniana,  water  speedwell,  American  brook-lime,  marsh  speedwell,  thyme- 
leaved  speedwell,  mullein  foxglove,  Gerardia  aspera  and  setacea. 

Amutliiis  Fdmili/. — /•,  Ruellia  ciliosa  and  strepens,  Dianthera  Americana. 

TVyvr//»  Fdniihi.—((,'H.oary  vervain,  white,  or  nettled-leaved  vervain  ;  c,  blue 
vervain.  Verbena  liracteosa,  fog-fruit;  /■,  Verbena  angustifolia,  lopseed. 

Mini  Fdmih/.—d,  Wild  bergamot  (horsemint),  catnip,  ground  ivy  (gill  over 
the  ground),  self-heal  (heal-all),  motherwort;  c,  wood  sage  (American  ger- 
mander, false  pennyroyal,  wild  mint  (often  taken  for  peppermint),  bugle-weed, 
Lycopus  Europa'us,  var.  sinuatus,  Pycnanthemum  lanceolatum  (a  mountain 
mint,  basil),  American  pennyroyal,  giant  hyssop,  Lophanthus  scrophularia'fo- 
lius,  skullcaps— Scutellaria  versicolor,  parvula  and  mad-dog  skullcap,  hedge 
nettle  (Stachys  palustris,  var.  asi)era);  r,  Lycopus  Europa'us,  var.  integrifo- 
lius,  mountain  mint  (Pycnanthemum  incanumand  pilosum,  Hedeoma  hispida, 
Monarda  Bradburiana,  horsemint  (Monarda  punctata),  Blephilia  ciliata  and 
hirsuta,  false  dragon-head,  skullcap  (Scutellaria  canescens  and  nervosa), 
Stachys  palustris,  var.  glabra  (a  hedge  nettle);  rr,  bastard  pennyroyal,  spear- 
mint, peppermint,  Pycnanthemum  linifolium  (mountain  mint),  Scutellaria 
galericulata  (a  skullcap),  horehound,  Stachys  palustris,  var.  cordata  (a  hedge- 
nettle). 

HurcKje  Fdinilij. — c,  Lithospermum'latifolium,  hairy  jiuccoon,  hoary  puccoon 
(alkanet),  smooth  lungwori  (Virginian  cowslip),  Myosotis  verna,  stickseed, 
hound's-tongue,  l)eggar's-lice ;  r,  Onosmodium,  Carolinanum  and  molle;  rr, 
comfrey  (escaped  from  gardens),  Lithospermum  angustifolium. 

Wdfrr-leqf  Famili/. — c,  Hydrophyllum  Virginicum  and  appendiculatum, 
EUisia  (Nyctelea);  rr,  Hydrophyllum  Canadense. 

Fdlrm'niiiKvi  (or  Plilo.r)  Fdiiiili/. — r.  Phlox  pilosa  and  divaricata;  /■,  Greek 
valerian.  Phlox  paniculata  and  glaberrima ;  't,  wild  sweet  William,  Phlox 
bifida.     (All  the  Phloxes  have  been  called  sweet  William). 

ConmlviUm  Fn.mili/. — c.  Smaller  morning-glory,  hedge  bindweed,  dodder 
(Cuscuta  Gronovii,  love-vine,  and  C.  glomerata);  r,  Iponuea  lacunosa,  wild 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  277 

potatoe  vine  (man  of  the  earth),  Calyistegia  si:»itham?ea,  dodder — Cnscuta  tenui- 
flora,  infiexa,  decora,  arvensis,  chlorocarpa  and  conipat'ta. 

XightalKidi'  Fdmih/. — c,  Common  nightshade  (black  nightsliade),  horse 
nettle,  ground  ground  cherry,  Physalis  viscosa,  jimson-weed  (Jamestown-weed, 
thorn-apple,  stramonium)  purple  thorn-apple;  /■,  Physalis  Philadelphica ;  vr, 
bittersweet  (escaped  from  cultivation.) 

(icnthni  Familif. — r,  American  Columbo,  fringed  gentian,  closed  gentian, 
Gentiana  puberula;  //■,  Sabbatia  angularis  (American  centaury),  five-flowered 
gentian,  buck-bean. 

Dogbane  Faniihj. — c,  Amsonia  tabernsemontana,  spreading  dogbane ;  /•, 
Indian  hemp.  ^ 

Milkiri'cd  ludiilh/. —  ((,  Silkweed  (milkweed);  c,  swamp  milkweed,  butterfly- 
weed  (i)ieurisy  root)  whorled  milkweed,  Acerates  viridiflora  and  longifolia 
(green  milkweeds);  r,  Asclepias  SuUivantii,  poke  milkweed,  purjjle  milkweed, 
Asclepias  obtusifolia  and  paniculata,  Enslenia  albida;  rr,  Asclepias  perennis 
and  Meadii. 

Olire  Fiuiiibj. — c,  White  ash,  black,  swamp  or  water  ash;  r,  red  ash,  green 
ash,  blue  ash. 

Birthirod  Family. — e,  Wild  ginger;  /•,  Virginia  snakeroot. 

Foil r-o' dork  FarinJy. — Oxyljaphus  nyctagineus. 

Foh'weed  FamlJi/.^c,  Poke  (scoke,  garget,  pigeonberry). 

(roo^efoot  FamiJi/. —  a,  Lamb's-quarters  (pigweed);  c  (in  villages),  atriplex 
patula  (orache);  r,  maple-leaved  goosefoot,  Jerusalem  oak  (feather  geranium) 
Mexican  tea,  wormseed,  strawberry  blite;  '*•  (if  occurring  at  all),  winged  pig- 
weed, Ghenopodium  urbicum. 

Atuarauth  Faniih/. —  a,  Green  amaranth  (pigweed);  r,  white  pigweed  (tum- 
ble-weed); /•,  Acnida  tamariscina;  cr,  prince's-feather  (escaped  from  gardens), 
thorny  amaranth,  Froelichia  Floridana. 

Hiifkichedf  {or  Kiiofwced)  Faiiiili/. —  a,  Sraartweed  (water-pepper),  water 
smartweed,  knot-grass  (goose-grass,  door-weed — two  varieties — in  door-yards), 
black  bindweed,  curled  or  yellow  dock;  c,  Polygonum  Pennsylvanicum  and 
incarnatum,  mild  water-pepper,  water  Persicaria,  climbing  false  buckwheat, 
swamp  dock;  /■,  prince's  feather  (spontaneous  about  gardens),  Polygonum 
ramosissimum  and  tenue,  arrow-leaved  tear-thumb,  pale  dock,  bitter  dock, 
sheep  sorrel  (field  sorrel);  rr,  lady's  thumb,  Polygonum  Virginianum,  great 
water  dock. 

La inrl  Faniih/. — '/,  Sassafras;  '/•,  spice-bush  (Benjamin  bush). 

Mrzrrnim  Faivily. — ir  (if  at  all),  Leatherwood,  mooseAvood. 

Saitilal-irood  Faniili/. —  /',  Bastard  toad-flax. 

fjizariVii-tail  Faniih/. — 't,  Lizard's-tail. 

flornivort  Family. — /•,  Hornwort. 

Watcr-Starirort  Family.- — Callitriche  verna  and  autumnaiis. 

Spiiryr  Family. —  a,  Euphorbia  maculata  (spotted  spurge),  three-seeded 
mercury;  c,  Euphorbia  hypericifolia  and  corollata;  /•,  Euphorbia  humistrata, 
dentata,  heterophylla  and  obtusata,  croton  (glandulosus),  Phyllanthus  Cana- 
densis; '/■,  Euphorbia  serpens,  Kelioscopia  and  Cyparissias  (escaped  from  gar- 
dens). 

Nt'ttlr  Family. — a,  White  elm,  wood  nettle,  richweed  (clearweed);  r,  slip- 
pery elm  (red  elm),  hackberry  (sugarberry),  red  mulberry,  nettle,  hemp,  hop; 
/•,  false  nettle,  pellitory  ;  /•/•,  corky  white  elm,  T^rtica  ilioica. 
f'lanr-trrr  Family. —  r,  Sycamore  (button wooil). 

Wahiiil  Family. — c,  Butternut,  l)lack  walnut,  pecan,  shell-  (or  shag-)  bark 
hickory,  mockernut,  (or  white-heart  hickory),  pignut,  or  broom  hickory,  bit- 
ternut,  or  swamp  hickory;  /-,  western  shag-bark  hickory. 

Oak  Family. — a,  White  oak,  bur  oak  (over-cup  or  mossy-cup  white  oak), 
hazelnut  (filbert) ;  r,  laurel  oak  (shingle  oak),  black  jack  (barren  oak),  scarlet 
oak,  black  oak  (yellow-barked  oak,  (luercitron),  red  oak,  American  hop-horn- 
beam (ironwood)  ;  ;•,  post  oak  (rough  or  box  white  oak),  swamp  white  oak, 
chestnut  oak,  yellow  chestnut  oak,  swamp  Spanish  oak  (pin  oak),  ironwood 
(American  hornbeam,  blue  or  water  beech). 

Birch  Family. — c.  Red  birch  (river  brich) ;  rr,  smooth  alder. 
Willoir  Family. — a,  Prairie  willow,  black  willow,  cotton-wood  (two  si)ecies?) 
c,  glaucous  willow,  heart-leaved  willow,  shining  willow,  long-leaved  willow, 


278  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Americau   aspen    (quaking-asp)  ;    /•,  petioled  wi]]oT\".  large-toothed  aspen ;  n-. 
hoary  willow,  silkly  willow,  Salix  amygdaloi'les,  myrtle  willow. 

Pirn  Family. — '/•,  Red  cedar  (savini. 

Arum  Fnm'ihi. — a,  Indian  turnip  (Jack-in-the-pulpit) :  ;■,  green  dragon 
(dragon  root),  skunk  cabbage,  sweet  flag  (calamus i;  't, arrow  arum. 

Dijcl-irfied  Famllif. — /•,  Lemna  trisulca,  minor  and  polyrrhiza,  Wolffia  Co- 
1  umbiana. 

Cat-t(iU  Family. — c.  Cat-fail  (reed  rnace),Sparganium  eurycarpum (bur-reed). 

PoiHl-nrfid  Family. — '■,  Potamoget'on  natans,  pusillus  and  pectinatus;  <■, 
Naias  tlexilis,  Potamogeton  Claytonii.  hybridus,  gramineus  and  pauciflorns; 
»■/•,  horned  pond-weed,  Potamogeton  pulcher  and  compressus. 

Water-Pjant'tin  Family.— o,  Water  plantain,  arrow-head  (Sagittaria  varia- 
bilis) ;  c,  Sagittaria  heterophjdla,  Echinodorus  rostratus ;  rr,  Sagittaria  caly- 
cina  and  graminea,  arrow  grass,  Scheuchzeria. 

Fii>rj\t-hit  Family. — r\  Water-weed;  /•.  tape-grass  (eel-grass). 

Orchid  Family. —  /■,  Rein  orchis  ^  Habenaria  virescens),  Calopogon  pulchel- 
lus,  adder's-mouth,  twayblade  (Liparis  liliifolia  and  Loeselii),  larger  yellow 
lady's  slipper;  't,  showy  orchis,  coral-root,  putty-root  (Adam  and  Eve),  small 
white  lady's  slipper,  smaller  yeliow  lady's  slipper,  showy  lady's  slipper. 

Amarylliii  Family. —  c.  Star-grass. 

Blofxiiioit Family. —  r.  Colic-root  (star-grass). 

Iris  Family. — r;  Larger  blue  flag,  blue-eyed  grass. 

Yam  Family. —  r,  Wild  yam  (root). 

Smila.r  Family. —  r.  Carrion-flower;  /•,  greenbrier,  Smilax  hispida. 

Lily  Family. —  r,  Trillium  'recurvatum);  (\  false  spikenard.  Solomon's  .seal 
(great  and  smaller),  wild  leek,  wild  garlic,  bellwort  (Uvularia  grandiflora);  /•, 
bell  wort  i  Uvularia  perfoliatai;  Smilacina  stellata  (and  probably  one  or  two 
other  species,  rare),  wild  orange-re<l  lily,  white  dog's-tooth  violet,  eastern 
quamash  (wild  hyacinth),  Allium  striatum;  n-,  purple  trillium  (birth-root), 
dwarf  white  trillium,  bunch  flower,  wild  yellow  lily,  Turk's-cap  lily,  wild 
onion. 

Riixh  Family.— a.  Juncus  tenuis  (bog  rush);  c,  .Tuncus  acumiuatus,  vars. 
legitimus  and  robustus;  *■,  .Juncus  nodosus,  var.  megacephalus;  n-,  common, 
or  soft  rush,  .Juncus  marginatus  and  brachycarpus. 

Piclrrrl-ireerl  Family. — /•,  Water  star-grass;  '/•,  pickerel- weed. 

Spidrrnort  Family. —  ^,  Spiderwort:  /■,  day-flower  (('ommelyna  Virginica), 
Tradescantia  pilosa. 

Srdy<  Family.—  a.  Great  bulrush,  Carex  straminea  and  vulpinoidea  :  r-,  Cy- 
perus  diandrus,  inflexus.  strigosus,  Dulichium  spathaceum,  Eleocharis  obtu.s^a 
(a  spike  rush),  palustri  \  tenuis,  acicularis,  river  ciul>rush,  Scirpus  atrovirens, 
lineatus,  Carex  stipata,  arida,  scoparia,  lagopodioides,  cristata,  aperta,  stricta. 
granularis,  grisea,  laxiflora,  Pennsylvanica,  i)ubescens,  lanuginosa,  hystricina. 
Grayii,  lupulina,  sfpiarrosa.  utriculata  ;  /■,  Cyperus  erythrorhizos,  phymatodes, 
Miciiauxianus,  Engelmanni,  .Schweinitzii,  flliculmis,  ovularis,  Hemicarpha 
subsquarrosa,  Eleocharis  Woltii,  compres.sa,  intermedia,  Scirpus  pungens  (a 
bulrush  or  club-rush),  FimV»ristyli.'<  autumnalis,  Rhyncospora  alba,  nut  rush 
(Scleria  triglomerata),  Carex  Steudelii,  siccata,  disticha,  teretiuscula,  crus- 
corvi,  sparganioides,  cephalophora,  rosea,  .<terilis,  stellulata,  limosa,  Shortiana, 
panicea  var.  Meadii,  tetanica,  Davisii,  virescens,  triceps,  digitalis,  oligocarpa, 
Hitchcockiana,  varia,  riparia,  trichocarpa,  comosa,  tentaculata,  lupuliformis; 
'■/•,  Fimbristylis  spadicea  var.  castanea,  Carex  polytrichoides,  conjuncta, 
cephaloidea,  Muhlenbergii,  crinita,  Buxbaumii,  conoidea,  umbellata,  Richard- 
.sonii,  intumescens,  monile,  buUata  and  longirostris- 

GrasK  Family. — <^',  Timothy,  blue  grass  (Kentucky  blue  grass,  etc.  i,  crab 
grass  (finger-grass),  old-witch  grass,  barnyard  grass,  foxtail  (Setaria  glauca);  c, 
white  grass,  rice  cut  grass,  Indian  rice  (water  oats),  floating  foxtail,  rush  grass 
( Vilfa  aspera  and  vagina-florai,  hair  grass,  red-top,  wood  reed-grass,  dropseed 
Muhlenbergia  Mexicana  and  diffusa,  blue  joint  grass,  porcupine  grass,  fresh- 
water cord-grass,  Koeleria  cristata.  fowl-meadow  grass,  Glyceria  fluitans,  low 
spear  grass,  (Poa  annua  i,  wire  gra.ss  (Poa  compressai,  Eragrostis  reptans,  pilo- 
sa, Frankii,  fescue  (Festuca  tenella),  Festuca  nutans,  chess  (cheat), Br omus 
ciliatus,  reed,  wild  rye  (lyme  grass,  Elymus  Virginicus),  Elymus  Canadensis 
and  var.  glaucifolius,  bottle-brush  grass,  reed  canary  grass,  Panicum  glabrum. 


.r%^v 


l^p^'SsiSJv.n  1     : 


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TABLE    GROVE 


HIriTOKY    OF    FLLTOX    COUNTY, 


281 


virgatum,  pauciflorum,  difhotomum  and  depauperatum,  green  foxtail  (bottle 
grass)  beard  grass,  Andropogon  scoparius,  Indian  grass  (wood  grass);  r,  fiy- 
cateh  grass,  meadow  foxtail,  Vilfa  Virginica,  dropseed  grass  (Sporobolus  hete- 
rolepis  and  eryptandrus),  thin  grass,  dropseed  (nimble  will,  Muhlenbergia 
sobolifera,  gloinerata,  sylvatica  and  Wildenovii),  Brachyelytrum  aristatum, 
poverty  grass,  Aristida  oligantha,  purpurascens  and  tuberculosa,  muskit 
grass,  Bouteloua  curtipendula,  dog's-tail  (wire  grass:  about  yards),  sand  grass, 
Diarrhena  Americana,  Eatonia  obtusata  and  Pennsylvanica,  melic  grass,  false 
red-top  (fowl-meadow  grass,  Poa  serotina),  Poa  sylvestris,  Poa  alsodes,  Era- 
grostis  poieoides  and  var.  megastaehya,  Eragrostis  capillaris,  pectinacea  (and 
var.  speetabilis),  wild  chesE,  Lepturus  paniculatus,  Hordeuni  pratense,  wild 
oat  grass,  velvet  grass,  Paspalum  setaceum,  Panicum  filiforme,  anceps,  agros- 
toides,  proliferum,  latifolium  elandestinum,  Setarla  verticillata,  gama  grass;  lu; 
white  bent  grass  (florin),  Calamagrostis  longifolius,  mountain  rice  (Oryzopsis 
melanocarpa),  Aristida  gracilis,  tall  red-top,  Eragrostis  tenuis,  taller  (or  mead- 
ow) fescue,  upright  chess,  squirrel  tail,  Elymus  striatus. 

Horsetail  Famibj. — a,  Scouring  rush  (shave  grass);  c,  common  horsetail; 
r,  Equisetum  limosum,  hi'vigatum  and  variegatum. 

i'Ve/Ks' —  c.  Maiden  hair,  ])rake,  Asplenium  Filix-fcemina,  Cystopheris  fra- 
gilis,  sensitive  fern,  Osmuuda  Claytoniana  ;  /•,  polypody,  shield  or  wood  ferns — 
Aspidium  Thelypteris  and  Goldianuni,  moonwort  (Botrychium  Virginicuni) ; 
/>;■,  lip  fern  (Cheilanthes  lanuginosa),  beech  fern,  shield  or  wood  ferns— Aspid- 
ium spinulosum  and  acrostichoides,  royal  flowering  fern. 

Clvlt-Miixx  Family. — rr,  Selaginella  rupestris  and  apus. 

Ifi/dfiijtlcridcs. —  (T,  Azolla  Caroliniana. 


18 


CHAPTER  VIL 

IMPORTANT  LABORS  OF  THE  BOARD  OF  SUPERVISORS. 

COUNTY  COUKT. 

In  1847  a  State  election  was  held  for  members  of  the  Constitu- 
tional Convention,  which  Convention  prepared  and  submitted  to  the 
people  a  new  constitution,  which  was  adoj^ted  by  a  large  majority. 
By  this  constitution,  in  place  of  the  Commissioners'  Court  a  County 
Court  was  organized  in  each  county.  This  Court  consisted  of  a 
County  Judge,  and,  if  the  Legislature  saw  proper  to  so  order  it,  two 
Associate  Justices.  This  the  Legislature  favorably  acted  upon. 
The  last  meeting  of  the  County  Commissioners'  Court  was  held 
Nov,  7,  1849.  After  the  transaction  of  such  business  as  properly 
came  before  them,  they  adjourned  until  court  in  course,  but  never 
re-assembled. 

On  the  3d  of  December  of  the  same  year  the  first  regular  term 
of  the  County  Court  was  held.  The  duties  of  the  Court  in  a  legis- 
lative capacity  were  precisely  tiie  same  as  those  of  the  County  Com- 
missioners' Court.  In  addition  to  the  legislative  power  the  mem- 
bers of  this  Court  were  permitted  to  exercise  judicial  authority, 
having  all  the  rights  and  ])rivileges  of  justices  of  the  peace,  together 
with  all  probate  business.  This  Court  consisted  of  a  County  Judge 
and  two  Associate  Justices.  The  Judge  and  Associate  Justices  acted 
together  for  the  transaction  of  all  county  business,  but  none  other. 
The  Justices  had  an  ecjual  vote  with  the  Judge,  and  received  the 
same  salary  while  holding  court,  which  was  ^'2  per  day.  Two  of 
the  three  constituted  a  quorum. 

Erasmus  D.  Rice  was  chosen  the  first  County  Judge,  being 
elected  Nov.  6,  1849, — the  first  November  election  held.  The  first 
Associate  Justices  were  Parley  C.  Stearns  and  Jesse  Benton.  Dur- 
ing the  existence  of  this  Court  the  people  were  agitating  the  ques- 
tion of  township  organization.  Many  counties  of  the  State,  since 
the  new  constitution,  had  adopted  that  mode  of  conducting  county 
affairs.  The  constitution  gave  counties  the  privilege  of  adopting 
either  the  County  Court  or  the  Board  of  Supervisors.  At  the  fall 
election  in  1849  a  vote  was  taken '' for "  or  "against"  township 
organization,  which  resulted  in  favor  of  the  new  measure. 

The  following  is  an  abstract  of  the  vote  upon  this  question  at 
that  time : 


HISTORY  OF    P^ULTON    COUNTY.  283 

PRECINCTS.               '  FOR.  .A.i;AINST.  PRECINCTS.  FOE    .»';;. 

Astoria 89  ...         Point  Isabel 6]               1 

Vermont 170  18        Waterford 44 

Farmer's 110  ...        Lewistown 156            10 

Marietta 41  ...        Centerville 7:'> 

St.  Augustine 49  ...        Mill  Creek 80 

Otter  Creek 48  2        Fairview 75 

Howard's 62  6        Liverpool 78              7 

Bernadotte 99  1        Buckheart 69              8 

Spoon  River .33  13        Canton 353            12 


48 

2 

62 

6 

99 

1 

33 

13 

57 

4 

55 

4 

48 

o 

Wiley 57  4        Farmington 177 

Ellisville 55  4        Utica 95 

Boyd 48  ...         Copperas  Creek 44 

West  Point 33  2        Independence 59 


Total 2,258  93 

For  some  reason  not  given  the  vote  of  Boyd  precinct  was  thrown 
out. 

The  measure  being  carried,  Hugh  I^amaster,  Henry  Walker  and 
John  Bloomfield  were  appointed  by  the  Court  to  divide  the  county 
into  townships.  This  duty  was  performed  in  the  early  part  of  1850. 
They  divided  the  county  into  twenty-six  townships,  the  number  that 
still  exist,  but  the  names  given  to  some  were  different  from  those 
they  now  bear.  For  instance,  the  present  township  of  Putnian  Avas 
christened  Center.  Banner  was  named  Utica,  and  Young  Hickory, 
Hickory. 

Many  citizens  of  the  county  were  strongly  opposed  to  the  town- 
ship system,  and  a  petition  was  circulated  in  1852,  to  call  an  elec- 
tion upon  the  question  of  repealing  the  township  organization  and 
taking  up  their  old  way  of  running  the  county.  The  question  was 
voted  upon  in  April  of  that  year  and  defeated  by  1,630  majority. 

The  building  of  a  fire-proof  structure  for  County  and  Circuit 
C^lerks'  offices  was  agitated  about  the  time  the  County  Court  came  into 
power.  Feb.  12,  1850,  the  Court  appointed  Henry  Walker  and 
Edwin  Littlefield  to  make  a  draft  for  this  building.  It  was  then 
ordered  that  contracts  be  let  for  its  construction.  This  was  done 
March  8,  1850,  and  was  awarded  to  John  Tompkins. 

The  County  Court  had  but  a  short  existence,  as  the  county  early 
in  1850  was  organized  under  the  township-organization  law. 

TOWNSHIP    ORGANIZATION. 

This  system  of  county  government  is  so  entirely  different  in 
origin  and  management  from  the  old  mode  by  County  Commission- 
ers, which  had  such  a  long  and  favorable  run,  that  we  deem  a  brief 
synopsis  of  the  differences  quite  pertinent  in  this  connection. 

Elijah  M.  Haines,  in  his  "  Laws  of  Illinois  Eelative  to  Town- 
shi])  Organization,"  says  the  county  system  "  originated  with  Vir- 
ginia, whose  early  settlers  soon  became  large  landed  proprietors, 
aristocratic  in  feeling,  living  alone  in  almost  baronial  magnificence 
on  their  own  estates,  and  owning  the  laboring  part  of  the  popula- 
tion.    Thus  the  materials  for  a  town    were  not  at  hand,  the  voters 


2S4  iii.sT(ji;v  <»F  I  ri/i()N  col-nty. 

being  thinly  tlistrihiited  over  a  great  area.  The  eounty  organization, 
where  a  few  influential  men  managed  the  whole  business  of  the 
eommunity,  retaining  tlieir  jilaees  almost  at  their  ]»leasnre,  seareelv 
re:?I)onsil)le  at  all  exeept  in  name,  ami  permitted  to  eonduet  the 
county  concerns  as  their  ideas  or  wishes  might  direct,  was,  more- 
over, consonant  with  tlieir  recolleeti<tns  or  traditions  of  the  judicial 
and  social  dignities  of  the  landed  aristocracy  of  England,  in  descent 
fntm  wiiich  the  Virginia  gentlemen  felt  so  much  j)ri<le.  In  IT.'M 
eight  counties  were  organi/A'd  in  Virginia,  and  the  system  extending 
throughout  the  State,  spread  in  all  the  Southern  States  and  some  of 
the  Northern  States,  unless  we  except  the  nearly  similar  division 
into  'districts'  in  South  Carolina, and  that  into  'parishes'  in  Louisi- 
ana from  the  French  laws. 

"  Illinois,  which  with  its  vast  additional  territory  became  a  county 
of  Virginia  on  its  conquest  by  Gen.  George  Rogers  Clark,  retained 
the  countv  oruanization,  which  was  formerlv  extended  over  the 
State  l)y  the  constitution  of  1818,  and  continued  in  exclusive  use 
until  the  constitution  of  1848.  Under  this  system,  as  in  other 
States  adopting  it,  most  local  Inisiness  Avas  transacted  by  three  com- 
missioners in  each  county,  who  constituted  a  County  Court,  with 
(juarterly  sessions.  During  the  period  ending  with  th.e  Constitu- 
tional Convention  of  1847,  a  large  })ortion  of  the  State  had  become 
filled  up  with  a  po]ndation  of  Xew  England  i)irth  or  character,  daily 
growing  more  and  more  compact  and  dissatisfied  with  the  comj)ara- 
tively  arbitrary  and  inefficient  county  system."  It  was  maintained 
by  the  people  that  the  heavily  ]Ki]iulated  districts  would  alwavs  con- 
trol the  election  of  the  Commissioners  to  the  disadvanta<re  of  th(> 
more  thinly  j)opulated  sections, — in  short,  that  under  the  system 
"e(jual  and  exact  justice "  to  all  parts  of  the  i-ftunty  could  not  be 
secured.  The  townshij)  system  had  its  origin  in  Massachusetts,  and 
dates  back  to  Kl.'*'). 

De  Toc(pieville,  in  his  work  entitled  "American  Institutions,"  in 
speaking  of  our  political  system,  very  j)roperly  remarks  that  two 
branches  may  be  distinguished  in  the  Anglo--Vmeriean  family  which 
have  grown  uj>  witiiout  entirclv  commingling, — the  one  in  the  South, 
the  other  in  the  North.  He  discovers  the  causes  whit-h  led  to  this 
conditiitn  of  things,  which  are  apparent  to  the  most  casual  observer. 
"They  arise,"  he  says,  "  not  from  design,  but  from  the  force  of  cir- 
cumstances at  the  betrinniu"'.  The  plantinir  of  the  oriirinal  colonv 
of  \'irginia  at  Jainestown  luid  for  its  design  the  single  and  naked 
object  of  j>ecuniarv  jirofit  to  the  proprietors.  Its  mission  inv<dyed 
no  princi]>le  for  the  benefit  of  mankind.  It  recognized  the  crown 
of  (ireat  Britain,  from  whence  it  derived  the  charter  of  its  existence, 
as  the  source  of  j)olitical  power.  There  was  no  recognition  of  the 
jtrinciple  (tf  self-govennnent. 

"  Rut  the  circumstances  attending  the  first  settlement  of  the  Col- 
<»nies  of  Xew  England,  so  called,  were  of  an  entirely  different  char- 
acter.    The  earlv  colonists  in  this  instance  were  non-conformists,  or 


HISTORY   OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY.  28o 

dissenters  from  the  Church  of  P^ngland.  They  came  as  exiles,  flee- 
ing from  the  wrath  of  ecclesiastical  tyranny,  whose  displeasure  they 
had  incurred, — cast  out  as  public  offenders,  '  as  profane  out  of  the 
mountain  of  God.'  Whilst  the  colonists  of  Virginia  came  with  the 
law,  those  of  New  England  came  against  the  law,  or  perhaps,  more 
properly  speaking,  without  law.  Thereupon  arose  on  the  part  of 
the  latter  a  positive  necessity  for  the  establishment  of  law  for  their 
mutual  protection.  The  result  was  a  written  compact, — this  being 
the  first  written  constitution  extant,  based  upon  the  general  good. 
It  was  the  first  time  since  the  'morning  stars  sang  together'  that 
the  people  themselves  met  in  council  and  framed  a  government 
based  upon  ctpial  rights." 

The  supervisor  is  the  chief  officer  and  representative  of  the  town- 
ship, and  it  is  his  duty  to  prosecute  and  defend  all  suits  in  which 
the  township  is  interested.  The  township  clerk  keeps  the  records 
of  the  township,  and  the  treasurer  takes  charge  of  the  funds.  The 
establishment,  vacation  and  repair  of  the  public  roads  is  conuuitted 
to  the  three  commissioners  of  highways.  The  supervisor,  the  two 
justices  of  the  peace  whose  terms  of  office  soonest  expire,  and  the 
township  clerk  constitute  a  township  board  for  examining  and  audit- 
ing the  accounts  of  the  town. 

Since  1H~()  the  business  afliurs  of  the  county  have  been  under 
the  guidance  of  a  Board  of  Supervisors,  at  present  composed  of  27 
members.  It  would  be  unprofitable,  as  unnecessary,  to  present  in 
detail  the  numerous  orders,  rcj^orts,  resolutions,  etc.,  of  this  body. 
Their  proceedings  partake  a  great  deal  of  the  nature  of  a  legislature. 
Among  so  many  men  there  are  always  some  cool  business  lieads,  as 
well  as  a  good  many  glib  tongues.  Some  of  them  are  practical,  in- 
dustrious workers,  others  are  of  the  buncombe  order,  always  ready 
to  make  a  s])eech  or  a  volumiiu)us  report.  This  has  always  been 
the  case  with  such  assemblies,  and  we  suppose  always  will  be. 

June  10,  1850,  the  Board  of  Su[icrvisors  of  Fulton  c(»unty  first 
assembled.  There  were  present  with  their  proper  credentials  the 
following  gentlemen  :  George  Bandbrd,  Jesse  Smith,  (Jeorgc  An- 
derson, N.  Walker,  Jacob  Mans,  Jacob  Hand,  Levi  II.  Jiradbury, 
Joel  Piersol,  Xathaniel  Veatch,  J.  H.  Martin,  John  L.  Jenkins, 
11.  L.  Hyatt,  A.  G.  Downing,  Jonas  llawalt,  J.  P.  Montgomery, 
John  Wallick,  J.  Farris,  G.  Jones,  David  Markley,  Ira  Johnson  and 
Geo.  L.  Curtis.  David  Markley  was  chosen  on  the  follow  ing  dav 
ti)  preside  over  the  assembly. 

Nov.  13, 1850,  Supervisor  Rawalt  offi'red  the  following  resolution, 
which  was  prompted  by  several  petitions  for  saloon  licenses  being 
presented:  ''J!<. so/red^  That  selling  spirituous  licpior  by  the  small 
in  any  connnunity  is  productive  of  c\il ;  aud  as  a  l^oard  of  Supei'vis- 
ors,  acting  in  the  (uipacity  of  agents  fi)r  the  peo])le  of  Fulton  county, 
should  not  grant  license  for  evil  to  the  community  for  the  sake 
of  county  revenue,  or  for  any  other  purpose."  This  very  important 
([uestion  was  most  earnestly  discussed,  and  finallv  the  resolution 
was  defeated. 


286  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

The  subject  of  building  a  jail   was  again  brought  up  Nov.  15, 
1850,  by   Supervisor  N.  Walker.     It  was  done  in  a  very  modest 
way,  however,  for  the  rebuke  the  old  County  Commissioners'  Court 
received  at  the  polls  upon  the  same  subject  was  fresh  in  the  minds 
of  everybody.     Supervisor  Walker's  resolution  is  as  follows  :  ''  As 
it  has  been  made  by  law  the  duty  of  the  Board  of  Supervisors  of 
every  county  in  the  State  to  provide  a  place  for  keeping  in  confine- 
ment persons  charged  with  violation  of  the  laws  of  the  State,  be  it 
therefore  resolved  by  the  Board  that  in  their  judgment  some  action 
is  necessary  and  right  to  be  given  to  the  subject  of  building  a  good, 
substantial  jail,  in  respect  to  the  wants  and  wishes  of  the  people  of 
Fulton    county."       A    committee    of    three — Supervisors    Walker, 
Rawalt  and  Bradbury — were  appointed  to  investigate  the  matter. 
A  remonstrance  was  liere  presented,  containing  527  names,  against 
the  county  making  any  appropriations  till  a  vote  could  be  taken  at 
the  spring  election.     Nevertheless,* the  committee  reported  favor- 
ably upon  the  subject  and  recommended  the  building  of  a  jail,  say- 
ing that  "while  they  acknowledged  the  right  in  the  fullest  sense  of 
the  word  for  the  people  to  direct  their  agents  in  the  performance  of 
their  official  duties  where  those  duties  rest  by  a  positive  rule  of  law 
on  mere   matters  of  expediency,  yet  your  committee  believe  that 
they  are  bound  l)y  positive  enactment  in  sec.  12,  act  14,  of  the  or- 
ganization law,  to  build  a  jail  when  necessary ;  and  your  committee 
cannot  entertain  a  single  doul)t  of  the  necessity  of  a  suitable  jail, 
nor  of  the  ability  of  the  county  to  build  one  without  an  increase  in 
the  ordinary  amount  of  tax."     The  contest  was  Ion":  and  hot,  but 
the  jail   was   ordered  built.     The   site    of  the    present    prison  was 
selected  and  a  jail  erected  24  feet  square,  at  a  cost  of  $4,214.22. 

The  task  of  keeping  the  poor  at  the  county's  farm  seemed  to  be 
burdensome  and  extravagant.  Accordingly,  in  1851,  the  poor  farm 
was  ordered  sold.  L.  F.  Ross  was  the  purchaser,  at  $1,425.  It 
was  soon  found,  however,  that  the  expense  of  keeping  paupers  was 
much  greater  under  their  new  mode  than  when  they  were  kept  at 
the  county  farm.  So,  in  September,  1852,  it  was  resolved  to  buy 
a  farm  and  build  a  suitable  house  thereon  for  the  accommodation  of 
the  county's  unfortunate.  In  1854  a  farm  was  purchased  within 
two  miles  of  Canton,  upon  which  the  necessary  buildings  were 
erected,  and  since  then  the  poor  have  been  provided  for  there. 

The  subject  of  building  railroads  was  agitated  as  early  as  1836; 
but  upon  the  explosion  of  the  great  internal-improvement  system 
inaugurated  by  the  State,  nothing  more  was  done  in  this  direction 
for  some  years.  During  the  decade  between  1850  and  1860,  how- 
ever, railroads  were  projected  in  almost  every  direction.  In  1853 
the  Board  ordered  a  subscription  of  $75,000  to  be  made  to  the  Mis- 
sissippi &  Wabash  Railroad,  and  to  the  Petersburg  &  Springfield 
road.  As  neither  of  these  roads,  or  others  of  the  jirojected  ones, 
were  built  no  bonds  were  issued  to  them.  In  1857,  Oct.  15,  $100,- 
000   in  bonds  were  issued  to  the  J.  &  S.  Railroad,  bearing  8  per 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    rOUNTY.  287 

cent,  interest.  Aug.  10,  1858,  a  like  amount  was  issued  to  the 
Peoria  &  Hannibal  R.  R.,  and  again  Oct.  15, 1859,  another  $100,000 
in  bonds  were  given  to  the  same  company,  bearing  7  per  cent, 
interest.  These  lines  now  constitute  the  Chicago,  Burlington  & 
Quincy  Railroad.  Thus  we  see  the  county  has  given  $300,000  to 
railroad  companies,  which  is  the  sum  total  of  all  subscriptions  made 
by  the  county.  There  are  many  townships  in  the  county,  however, 
which  have  given  largely  to  aid  the  construction  of  roads.  The 
first  of  these  bonds  were  redeemed  in  18(30.  Five  of  them  were 
bought  for  $600  each.  They  fell  lower  the  following  year,  and  the 
county  called  in  four,  for  which  they  gave  $590  each.  In  1862 
they  went  still  lower  and  live  were  purchased  for  $2,900,  or  $580 
apiece.  From  that  time  forward  our  bonds  advanced  rapidly  in 
value,  and  in  1874  were  worth  all  their  face  called  for.  That  year 
the  county  paid  $3,000  for  three  of  them,  and  the  following  year 
paid  $20,000  for  twenty.  To  date  of  Sept.  10,  1878,  210  of  these 
bonds  had  been  redeemed,  for  which  the  county  paid  $196,570. 
Ninety  of  them  still  remain  outstanding.  The  present  vear,  how- 
ever, provision  is  made  for  redeeming  fifteen  of  these,  and  the  re- 
maining seventy-five  were  refunded  for  a  long  period  with  privilege 
of  redeeming  after  three  years. 

The  Board  let  the  contract  for  building  the  present  safe  and  com- 
modious jail  structure  in  February,  1867,  to  E.  Kirkbride  and 
Jackson  Wiley  for  $28,300.  An  additional  lot  was  purchased 
adjoining  the  one  already  owned  by  the  county  and  upon  which  the 
old  jail  stood,  for  $350.  The  entire  building  is  in  height  two  sto- 
ries, with  basement.  The  architectural  design  is  modern,  very  neat 
and  well  proportioned,  presenting  as  light  and  cheerful  appearance 
as  a  prison  well  can.  The  jailor's  residence  is  constructed  of  red 
brick,  and  the  jail  part  of  limestone.  In  the  Sheriffs  residence  are 
eight  cheerful  rooms,  with  closets,  wardrobes  and  halls.  In  the 
jail  part  there  is  an  eight-foot  corridor  extending  from  east  to  west 
through  the  entire  south  end  of  the  jail.  This  was  once  used  as  a 
dining  hall.  Facing  a  small  corridor  on  the  west  side  of  the  build- 
ing are  eight  cells,  four  below  and  four  above.  Three  of  these  on 
each  tier  are  about  5x8  feet  in  size  and  one  7x8  feet.  Fronting  east 
are  four  cells.  Up-stairs  on  this  side  is  the  women's  department, 
consisting  of  two  large  rooms.  The  jail  is  one  of  the  most  substan- 
tial in  this  part  of  the  State. 

We  append  here  a  table  of  the  expenses  of  carrying  on  this  large 
county  for  a  period  of  six  years.  The  Circuit  Clerk,  it  will  be  observ- 
ed, is  of  but  little  or  no  expense  to  the  county  directly.  He  makes 
his  own  salary  from  fees  charged  for  services,  and  not  only  that,  but 
turns  over  to  the  countv  no  little  revenue. 


288 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY. 


COUNTY    EXPENDITURES. 

1872.  187.3.  1874. 

Poor-house  and  farm $4,200  S4,150  $.3,514 

County  poor 3,370  3,194  3,435 

Criminal 2,2H8  3,8.3S  .3,190 

Circuit  Court 2,773  2,374  4S7 

County  Court 3,404  3,493  1,732 

County  Clerk 4,034  4,080  3,465 

Circuit  Clerk 90      105 

Superinten. lent  of  Schools 1,480  1,404  .368 

Board  of  Superyisors 1,790  1.2S1  1,128 

Records  and  blanks 2,679  2,258  2,042 

Public  grounds  and  buildings..  673  1,093  452 

Elections. 1,577  2,758  1,253 

Roads  and  bridges 8,790  2,625  1,024 

Ferries 1,929  1,662  1,804 

Jurors 2,261  1,584  1,179 

Wolf  scalps 940  250  820 

Miscellany ()3  275  504 

Total  current  expense.^ 42,381  36,319  26,502 

Bonds    receiyed 28,700      25,000 

Intere.st  paid 16,994  12,260  11,852 

Total  paid  out 88,075  48,579  63,354 


1875. 

1876. 

1877. 

.?5,782 

$5,000 

$5,229 

3,002 

4,096 

5,197 

3,794 

4,030 

6,269 

1.135 

3,280 

1,086 

2,041 

2.342 

2,181 

3,103 

3,155 

97 

440 

3,169 

384 

400 

1,300 

1.177 

1,201 

2,092 

1,847 

1,965 

1,589 

7.32 

511 

1,553 

1,422 

1,125 

17,263 

4,227 

4,379 

1,544 

1,870 

1,518 

2,146 

2,036 

2,127 
433 

524 

513 

367 

47,252 

36,264 

37,157 

16,000 

21,500 

15,000 

11032 

9,605 

7,957 

74,284     67,369    59,914 


CHAPTER    VIII. 

BLACK    HAWK    WATJ. 
BLACK    HAWK    (.'ROSSES    THE    MISSISSIPPI. 

In  1831  Black  Hawk  and  his  band  crossed  to  their  old  homes  on 
Rock  river,  bnt  negotiated  a  treaty  and  retnrned  to  the  west  side  of 
the  Mississippi,  promising  never  to  return.  But  April  6,  1832,  he 
again  crossed  the  Mississippi  into  Illinois  with  his  entire  baud.  It 
was  not  on  a  war  raid  that  brought  him  over  in  1832;  but  as  there 
is  a  diversity  of  opinions  in  regard  to  his  motives  we  will  briefly 
give  a  few  of  the  most  credible.  It  is  claimed  that  he  was  invited 
by  the  Prophet  to  a  tract  of  land  about  forty  miles  up  Rock  river. 
()thers  say  he  crossed  with  no  hostile  iutentions,  but  to  accej^t  an 
invitation  of  a  friendly  chief,  Pit-ta-wak,  to  spend  the  summer  with 
him.  Still  others,  who  agree  that  he  did  not  come  to  light,  say  that 
when  he  retired  to  the  Avest  side  of  the  Mississippi  the  previous 
year  he  received  a  large  quantity  of  corn  and  other  provisions,  but 
in  the  spring  his  provisions  were  gone,  his  followers  were  starving, 
and  he  came  back  expecting  to  negotiate  another  treaty  and  get  a 
new  supply  of  provisions. 

There  is  still  another  explanation,  that  may  enable  the  reader  to 
harmonize  the  preceding  statements  and  to  understand  why  Black 
Hawk  returned  in  1832.  It  is  well  kuown  that  in  nearly  all  the 
treaties  ever  made  with  the  Indians,  the  Indian  traders  dictated  the 
terms  for  their  allies  and  customers,  and  of  course  received  a  large 
share  of  the  annuities,  etc.,  in  payment  for  debts  due  to  them.  Each 
tribe  had  certain  traders  who  supplied  them.  George  Davenport 
had  a  trading  post  at  Fort  Armstrong.  His  customers  were  largely 
the  Sacs  and  Foxes,  and  he  was  held  in  high  esteem  by  them ;  in 
fact  his  word  was  law.  It  is  said  that  Black  Hawk's  band  became 
indebted  to  him  for  a  large  amount  and  were  unable  to  pay.  They 
did  not  have  good  luck  hunting  during  the  winter,  and  he  was  like- 
ly to  lose  heavily.  If  IMack  Hawk,  therefore,  could  be  induced  to 
come  to  this  side  of  the  river  again  and  the  people  so  greatly  alarm- 
ed that  a  military  force  would  be  sent  in  pursuit  of  him,  another 
treaty  could  be  made ;  he  might  assist  in  making  terms  and  get  his 
pay  out  of  the  payments  the  Government  would  make,  and  all 
would  be  well.  Mr.  Amos  Farrar,  Avho  was  Davenport's  ])artner 
for  some  years,   and  who  died  in  Galena  during  the  war,  is  said  to 


290  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

have  declared,  while  on  iiis  death-bed,  that  tiie  "  Indians  were  not 
to  be  blamed ;  that  if  they  had  been  let  alone  there  would  have 
been  no  trouble;  that  the  band  was  owinjj:  Mr.  Davenjiort  and  he 
wanted  to  fjet  his  pay,  and  would  if  another  treaty  iiad  been  made." 

Altliou<»h  Black  Hawk's  movement  across  the  Mississippi  was  at 
onee  construed  as  a  iiostile  demonstration,  and  Davenpoit  skillfullv 
cultivated  the  idea,  he  was  aecompanied  by  his  old  men,  women  and 
children.  Xo  Indian  warrior  ever  went  on  the  war-path  incumbered 
in  that  way.  More  than  this,  it  does  not  a]>pear,  from  the  fJth  of 
April  until  the  battle  of  >Slillmau's  Run  on  the  12th  of  ^lay,  that  a 
singula  settler  was  murdered,  or  suiFered  any  material  injury  at  the 
hands  of  Black  Hawk  or  his  band.  In  truth,  Hon.  H.  8.  Townsend, 
of  Warren,  Jo  Daviess  county,  states  that  in  one  instance,  at  least, 
wlien  they  took  corn  from  a  settler  they  ])aid  him  for  it.  Capt.  AV. 
B.  Green,  of  Chicajro,  writes :  "  I  never  heard  of  lilaek  Hawk's 
band,  while  passing  up  Rock  river,  eommittinf)'  any  dejiredations 
whatever,  not  even  petty  theft."  Frederick  Stahl,  Esq.,  of  Galena, 
states  that  he  was  informed  by  the  veteran  John  Dixon  that  "when 
Black  Hawk's  band  passed  his  post,  before  the  arrival  of  the  troops, 
they  were  at  his  house.  Ne-o-pope  had  the  young  braves  well  in 
hand,  and  informed  him  that  they  intended  to  commit  no  depreda- 
tions, and  should  not  fight  unless  they  were  attacked." 

We  do  not  wish  to  upiiold  Black  Hawk  in  the  depredations  he 
committed  upon  the  whites.  We  do,  however,  desire  to  record  events 
inijjartially.  AVe  believe  Black  Hawk's  motives  were  greatly  mis- 
understood, and  it  is  due  to  his  fame  as  well  as  to  posterity  to  record 
the  facts  of  this  war  as  impartially  as  it  is  in  our  power  to  do.  What- 
ever his  motives  migiit  have  been,  it  is  the  unanimous  testimony  of 
the  survivors  now  residing  on  the  old  battle-fields  of  that  day,  that 
except  the  violation  of  treaty  stipulations  and  an  arrogance  of  man- 
ner natural  to  the  Indian  who  wanted  to  make  a  new  trade  with  the 
"Great  Father,"  the  Sacs  and  Foxes  at  first  committed  no  serious 
acts  of  hostility,  and  intended  none,  until  the  alternative  of  war  or 
extermination  was  presented  to  them  by  the  whites. 

TROOPS    RAISKT). 

N(j  sooner  had  volunteers  l)eeu  calleil  for  than  recruitinu'  beuan  in 
Fulton  county.  Gen.  Stillman  began  to  muster  his  men  at  Cantor, 
and  ere  long  was  off"  to  the  seat  of  war.  Ca})t.  D.  W.  Barnes 
raised  and  commanded  one  company;  ('aj)t:iin  Asa  F.  Ball  another. 
Asa  Langsford  was  First  Lieutenant  of  the  former  eomj)anv  and 
Thomas  Clark  Second  Lieutenant.  These  men  furnished  tiieir  own 
horses  and  j)rovisions.  They  moved  to  Peoria,  which  was  to  be  a 
rendezvous  for  troo])s.  Here  they  remained  for  ten  days,  and  one 
old  silver-haired  veteran  tells  us  he  had  as  fine  a  time  there  as  he 
ever  has  had  in  his  life.  There  they  found  Stephen  Stillman,  a 
brother  of  Major  Stillman,  who  kej)!  a  "tavern"  and  consequently 
had  plenty  of"  lieker."    Stephen  was  a  soldier  of  the  war  of  1812  and 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  291 

had  lost  one  leg,  hut  had  provided  himself  with  a  wooden  one,  which 
answered  this  jovial  tavern-keeper  very  well.  He  was  liberal  with 
his  whisky  to  the  boys,  and  all  they  had  to  do  for  ten  days  was  to 
take  care  of  their  horses  and  have  a  jolly  good  time  drinking  Still- 
man's  whisky,  and  now  and  then,  merely  to  break  the  monotony, 
have  a  fight.  When  the  ten  days  had  passed  they  were  joined  by  com- 
panies from  McLean,  Peoria  and  Ta/ewell  counties.  There  was  a 
question  now  who  should  have  command  of  these  battalions,  Col. 
Bailey  or  Major  Stillman.  Col.  Bailey  claimed  it  on  the  ground  of 
seniority,  but  as  they  were  old  friends  tliis  contention  did  not  last 
long.  It  was  agreed  that  both  should  command, — take  turn  about. 
On  reaching  Dixon  Gen.  Gaines  found  them  both  jolly  good  fellows, 
and  the  men  all  liked  them;  and  so  they  decided  to  hold  equal  rank 
and  both  command. 

Col.  Bailey  lived  at  Pekin  and  died  several  years  ago  in  that  city. 
Gen.  Stillman  was  born  in  Massachusetts  in  1792  ;  came  to  Sangamon 
county,  111.,  in  1824,  and  to  Canton,  Fulton  county  in  1830.  He 
was  a  Commissary  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  when  residing  in  New 
York  was  Captain  of  an  artillery  company.  He  was  a  tall,  finely- 
appearing  man,  and  especially  did  he  ])resent  an  im])osing  appear- 
ance when  adorned  in  military  costume.  He  broutrht  the  first 
goods  at  Copperas-Creek  Landing  and  engaged  in  mercantile  busi- 
ness at  Canton  for  six  years.  He  located  Copperas-Creek  Landing, 
and  it  was  recognized  as  his  although  he  never  really  owned  it.  It 
was  known  as  the  "lost  land,"  and  could  not  be  bought.  On  Jan. 
18,  1818,  he  was  married  to  Hannah  Harwood,  a  daughter  of  Oliver 
Harwood,  a  native  of  the  old  Bay  State,  and  who  came  to  New  York 
early  in  life.  He  was  in  the  Revolutionary  war,  was  wounded  and 
taken  ])risoner,  and  the  British  were  preparing  to  execute  the  death 
penalty  u})on  him  when  he  was  captured  by  the  Americans.  Mrs. 
Stillman,  who  resides  at  Canton  at  present,  was  born  in  Herkimer 
county,  N.  Y.,  April  25,  1799.  They  had  two  children  when  they 
came  to  the  State  and  two  born  to  them  afterwards.  Of  these  but 
one  is  living,  namely,  Mrs.  Mary  Barber,  wife  of  Norris  Barber,  of 
Elmwood,  Peoria  county. 

Gen.  Stillman  was  a  brave  officer  and  one  who  had  the  esteem  of 
all  the  men  he  commanded.  The  accounts  of  the  famous  "Stillman 
defeat,"  as  generally  recorded  in  histoj-y,  does  this  brave  command(n- 
great  injustice.  Many  attribute  the  cause  of  that  disaster  to  his 
lack  of  judgment  and  eagerness  to  meet  the  foe  when  really  he  was 
forced  to  go  against  his  will  and  better  judgment.  The  soldiers 
became  impatient  to  rout  the  Indians,  and  Gov.  Reynolds  ordered 
Major  Stillman  with  his  command  to  move  on  and  meet  them. 
This  he  objected  to  doing,  saying  with  his  small  force  of  raw  militia 
he  could  only  meet  with  defeat.  The  Governor  urged  him,  and  then 
he  asked  to  have  Capt.  Henry  of  Springfield  accom})any  him,  which 
he  refused  to  do;  and  it  only  remained  for  Major  Stillman  to  obey 
the  orders  of  his  superior.     His  men  were  undisciplined,  and  many 


292  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

of  them  had  just  came  from  the  East  and  South  and  had  never  seen 
an  Indian,  and  none  were  familliar  with  the  Indian  mode  of  warfare. 
The  consequence  was  that  as  soon  as  they  saw  tlie  long  line  of  painted 
redskins  and  heard  their  terrible  war-whoop,  they  were  so  frightened 
that  they  could  not  shoot  their  loaded  guns.  The  Major  and  some 
of  his  brave  officers  tried  to  restore  the  panic-stricken  ranks  to  order, 
but  in  vain;  and  it  was  only  the  superior  generalship  of  their  cool 
and  deliberate  commander  that  prevented  the  slaughter  of  half  his 
command.  While  Gen.  Stillmau's  name  will  ever  be  coupled  with 
this  disastrous  defeat,  let  no  word  of  reproach  be  spoken  of  him  for 
the  cause  of  it.  It  was  a  defeat,  an  ignoble  one ;  but  had  the  com- 
mander been  less  able,  less  cool,  less  brave,  indeed  less  a  general, 
many  more  of  those  frightened  pioneers  would  have  fallen  in  their 
own  blood  on  the  field  of  "  Stillman's  defeat." 

Major  Isaiah  Stillman,  afterward  promoted  to  General,  died  at 
Kingston,  Peoria  county,  April  1(3,  18(31. 

stillman's  defeat, 

Dixon  was  the  point  where  the  regular  and  volunteer  troojjs  were 
to  meet.  Major  Stillman  with  his  men  reached  Dixon,  May  10th. 
The  steady,  careful  movements  of  the  regulars  made  the  volunteers 
very  impatient,  and  the  latter  were  also  exceedingly  anxious  to  ob- 
tain the  laurels  to  be  won.  The  men  under  command  of  Major 
Stillman  were  particularly  anxious  to  "ketch"  the  Indians  before 
they  could  get  away.  They  said  the  regulars  would  come  cj'awling 
along,  stuffing  themselves  with  beef,  and  the  Indians  would  never 
be  "ketched."  The  officers  yielded  to  the  impatience  and  jealousy 
of  the  men,  and  requested  Governor  Reynolds  to  let  them  go  out 
and  reconnoitre  the  country  and  find  the  Indians.  Captain  Eads, 
from  Peoria,  insisted  very  strongly  that  they  should  be  allowed  to 
go.  The  other  caj)tains  all  volunteered,  for  they  did  not  wish  to  be 
termed  cowards.  The  question  with  them  was  not  whether  the  mat- 
ter was  prudent  and  necessary,  but  whether  they  dared  to  go.  INIajor 
Stillman  consented  to  go,  against  his  Ijetter  judgment.  He  asked 
Mr.  John  Dixon's  opinion,  and  the  latter  told  him  very  decidedly 
tliat  the  business  of  "ketcliing"  the  Indians  would  prove  very  dis- 
astrous for  a  little  force  of  less  than  three  hundred  men.  Major 
Stillman  then  said  that  as  all  his  officers  and  men  were  determined 
to  go,  he  niust  lead  them  if  it  cost  him  his  life.  Stillman's  force 
started,  and  just  before  night  May  12,  1832,  they  encamped  at 
White  R<x'k  Grove,  in  the  eastern  part  of  Marion  township.  Ogle 
countv,  near  what  is  now  called  Stillman's  creek.  He  was  verv  near 
Black  Hawk's  cncamjjment,  but  did  not  know  it.  Soon  after  becom- 
ing iiware  of  the  immediate  ])resence  of  an  armed  force  Black  Hawk 
sent  a  small  party  of  his  braves  to  Stillman's  camp  with  a  flag  of 
triice.  On  their  approach  they  were  soon  discovered  by  some  of  the 
men,  who,  without  reporting  to  their  commander,  and  without  orders, 
hastilv   mounted  and  dashed  down   upon  the  approaching  Indians. 


HISTORY    OF    FT^T/rOX    <'()UNT\'.  293 

The  latter  not  understanding  this  sudden  and  apparently  suspicious 
movement,  all,  save  two  who  claimed  to  be  Pottawatomies,  retreated 
toward  the  camp  of  their  chief.  The  whites  killed  two  as  they  fur- 
ther ]uirsued  the  retreating  Indians.  The  two  Indians  who  refused 
to  run  were  brought  into  camp.  They  said:  "Me  good  Pottawat- 
omie," but  pointed  over  the  hill  and  said,  "Heap  of  Sac."  When 
Black  Hawk  and  his  war  chief,  Ne-o-pope,  saw  the  volunteers  dash- 
ing down  upon  their  camp,  their  flag  of  truce  disregarded,  and 
believing  their  overtures  for  peace  had  been  rejected,  they  raised  the 
terrible  war-whoo])  and  prepared  for  the  fray. 

At  this  juncture  the  volunteers  formed  and  moved  forward.  Be- 
fore going  far  an  Indian  prisoner  was  brought  into  the  camp  and 
sent  to  the  rear.  The  men  moved  on  and  made  a  halt  near  a  slouirh. 
Here  the  ofticers  went  ahead  and  some  kind  of  a  parley  Avas  held 
with  the  Indians.  The  latter  swung  a  red  flag  in  defiance.  Orders 
were  then  given  to  march  forward,  when  Capt.  Eads  of  Peoria  came 
riding  back,  and  said  he  was  not  easily  fooled,  and  that  there  was 
not  less  than  a  thousand  Indians  coming.  The  men  were  then 
marched  back  in  some  confusion  across  the  slough  to  high  ground. 
There  they  formed,  or  tried  to  form,  but  were  in  bad  order.  The 
Indians  then  poured  out  of  the  timber,  to  the  front,  right  and  left, 
and  l)oth  parties  commenced  firing;  but  the  whites  were  in  such 
bad  (>rd(M-  that  those  in  the  rear  were  in  danger  of  shooting  those  in 
front.  The  Indians  came  on  whooping,  yelling  and  firing,  and  en- 
circled around  on  both  sides.  Major  Stillman  ordered  his  men  to 
mount  and  retreat  and  form  a  line  across  the  creek,  and  also  ordered 
them  to  break  the  line  of  the  Indians  on  the  left.  Here  was  confu- 
sion, and  one  veteran  says  they  did  not  go  to  the  right  or  to  the  left 
but  right  straight  fi)r  home.  When  they  arrived  at  the  creek  great 
effort  was  made  bv  the  officers  to  halt  "their   men   and  fii^ht.       The 


"to" 


brave  Oa})t.  Adams  cried  out  to  his  men,  "  Comeback,  you  cowards, 
and  we  will  whip  them."  With  eight  men  he  made  a  stand  and 
repulsed  a  squad  of  Indians  each  time,  who  made  eight  separate  and 
distinct  charges  upon  them.  At  last,  seeing  that  with  that  little 
force  he  could  do  nothing,  he  told  his  men  they  would  have  to  look 
out  for  themselves.  Two  brave  soldiers  were  with  him  .at  this  time 
and  soon  saw  him  fall ;  but  he  sold  his  life  dearly.  He  had  his 
horse  shot  from  under  him  Avhen  the  retreat  began.  He  bore  a 
deadly  hatred  towards  the  Indians,  as  they  had  killed  many  of  his 
relations.  Major  Perkins  was  overtaken  and  killed  about  a  mile 
and  half  from  the  creek,  and  his  body  terribly  mangled.  The  loss 
at  this  disastrous  engagement  fell  most  heavily  ui)on  this  county. 
Of  thirteen  sturdy  pioneers  who  fell  at  this  the  battle  of  the  Syca- 
more, Bird  Ellis,  John  Walters,  Tyus  Chi  Ids  and  Joseph  Farris 
were  from  Fulton  county.  There  were  three  of  the  Farris  boys  in 
the  company,  and  Jerry  was  with  his  brother  Joseph  when  he  was 
killed ;  and  he  was  fired  at  but  escaped  when  the  stalwart  brave  hit 
him  over  the  head  with  his  gun  knocking  him  down.  He  crawled 
to  a  thicket  of  bushes  and  lay  three  days  before  he  was  rescued. 


294  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTV. 

HORRIBLE  MASSACRE. 

After  the  fatal  engagement  Avhicli  has  since  been  known  as 
"Stillman's  defeat"  or  "  StiUraan's  run,"  the  Indians  began  to  com- 
mit great  depredations  upon  the  whites.  Among  other  fiendish  and 
murderous  raids  was  one  made  upon  a  little  settlement  on  Indian 
creek.  Three  families  by  the  names  of  Davis,  Hall  and  Pettigrew 
lived  there.  The  Indians  appeared  in  the  day-time  and  massacred 
them  in  cold  blood,  taking  a  savage  delight  in  their  infernal  deeds. 
Some  of  the  inmates  were  immediately  shot  down,  others  were  pierced 
through  with  s])ears  or  dispatched  with  the  tomahawk.  The  Indians 
afterwards  related  with  an  infernal  glee  how  the  women  squeaked 
like  geese  when  they  were  run  through  the  body  with  spears,  or  felt 
the  tomahaw-k  entering  their  heads.  All  the  victims  were  carefully 
scalped,  the  children  were  chopped  to  pieces  with  axes,  and  the 
women  were  tied  up  by  the  heels  to  the  wall  of  the  house.  There 
were  two  voung;  ladies  who  tried  to  conceal  themselves  bv  crawling; 
into  bed.  They  were  discovered  by  two  young  braves  who  deter- 
mined to  have  them  for  wives.  Their  names  were  Rachel  and  Silvia 
Hall,  aged  fifteen  and  seventeen.  They  were  hurried  by  forced  marches 
beyond  pursuit.  After  a  long  and  fatiguing  journey  with  their  caj)- 
tors  through  a  wilderness  country,  with  but  little  to  eat,  aud  being 
subjected  to  a  variety  of  fortune,  they  were  at  last  rescued,  §2,000 
being  given  as  a  ransom.  It  is  said  that  the  Indians  exacted  by 
far  the  largest  ransom  for  the  elder  sister,  as  she  was  more  quiet  and 
gave  the  Indians  less  trouble  ;  but  they  let  the  younger  sister  go 
pretty  cheap,  as  she  was  so  saucy  and  impudent  that  she  made  her 
captors  much  trouble.  The  women  are  still  living  in  the  northern 
part  of  the  State.  AVe  are  told  by  a  lady  who  saw  the  Misses  Hall 
just  after  their  release,  that  they  related  to  her  all  the  details  of 
the  horrible  murder  of  their  father,  mother  and  little  sister,  and  their 
neighbors.  They  said  they  could  see  the  scalp  of  their  little  sister 
everv  dav  in  the  wio;:wam.  After  their  rescue  from  the  Indians,  each 
of  these  voung  ladies  were  given  a  section  of  land  bv  the  United 
States. 

The  account  of  these  atrocities  spread  rapidly  throughout  every 
settlement,  creating  the  greatest  panics  among  the  pioneers.  Many 
of  them  were  frightened  out  of  their  wits,  although  no  hostile  In- 
dians were  within  fifty  miles  of  them  yet ;  with  these  flicts  and  rumors 
afloat,  and  the  limited  means  of  protection  they  had  at  hand,  aud 
each  cabin  being  almost  entirely  isolated,  we  do  not  wonder  at  their 
timidity.  The  scare  the  settlers  of  Fulton  county  received  is  most 
graphically  described  by  ]Mr.  Swan  in  his  History  of  Canton,  under 
the  title  of  The  Westerfield  Defeat,"  which  account  we  give  below 
in  full. 

THE    WESTERFIELD    DEFEAT. 

In  the  spring  of  183*2  the  Black  Hawk  War  was  a  source  of  great 
alarm  to  the  citizens  of  Canton.     Major  Isaiah  Stillman,  of  Canton, 


HISTORY    OP^    FULTOX    COUNTY.  295 

in  command  of  a  battalion  of  volnnteer  infantry,  was  in  the  field, 
and  had  nndcr  him  most  of  the  yonng  men  of  the  community.     On 
the  13th  of  May,  1882,  the   force  nnder   his   command  met   with  a 
defeat  above  Dixon,  in  Lee  county,  on  what  has  since  been  known 
as  "Stillman's  run,"  and  the  news  soon  reached  Canton,  coupled 
with  the  fact  that  Bird  Ellis,  Tyus  Childs  and  John  Walter,  from 
the  vicinity  of  Clinton,  had   been  killed,   and  a  number  of  others 
from  here  wounded.     This  news   not   only  cast   a  gloom   over   the 
community,  but  created  a  feeling-  of  insecurity  in  the  bravest  of  the 
settlers,  and  of  decided  alarm,  amounting  in  many  cases  to  absolute 
])anic.     The  settlers  were  certainly  liable  to   attack   from  the  red- 
skins, who  were  known  to  be  in  force  and  on   the  war-path   to   the 
north.     There  was  n(j  adecjuate  force  in  reach  to  prevent  any  incur- 
sion they  might  feel  disposed  to  make,  when  the  "Westerfield  De- 
feat," as  it   was  called  in  derision,  occurred.     Perhaps  never  in  the 
history  of  frontier  life  has  there  occurred   so    broad  a  farce  with  so 
many  of  the  elements  of  tragedy  and  melodrama   combined.     The 
news    of  vStillman's  defeat  had  reached  Canton,  and   grief-stricken 
mothers  were  in  the  first  anguish  of  their  mourning  for  slaughtered 
sons,  when  rumors  reached  the  settlement  of  a  purj)ose  on  the  ]:)art 
of  Black  Hawk  and  his  warriors  to  move  southward   for  an  attack 
on  scattered    inhabitants.     The  excitement  was  intense.     Stories  of 
slaughtered  families,  of  burnt  homes,  of  captive  women  and  children 
subjected   to  every  fiendish   indignity,  were  the  current  subjects  of 
conversation  at   every   gathering.     Meetings    were  called  in   everv 
neighborhood,  and  preparations  for  defense  or  refuge  begun.     Bl(K'k- 
houses  and  stockade   forts  were  erected,  and  scouts  kept  constantlv 
in  the  prairies  to  the  northward  to  warn  the  people  of  the  approach 
of  the  Indians.     One  of  these  forts  was  erected  around  the  store  and 
residence  of  Joel  Wright,  on  the  corner  of  AVood  and  Illinois  streets, 
where  Mrs.  Wilst)n  now  resides.     This  fort  consisted  of  two  block- 
houses and   a  palisade  inclosure  of  split   logs.     This  was  built  by 
standing  the  logs  on  end  in  a  deep  trench,  which  was  then  filled  up 
and  the  dirt  well  })onnded  around  the  logs. 

In  March,  1832,  scouts  were  sent  out  by  the  people  of  Canton  to 
see  if  any  indication  of  hostile  Indians  could  be  discovered.  These 
scouts  had  been  out  several  days,  but  had  brought  in  no  report  of 
an  alarming  nature,  when  one  day  toward  the  last  of  the  month 
Peter  Westertield,  an  old  frontiersman,  and  Charley  Shane,  a  French- 
man, determined  to  go  on  a  scouting  expedition  on  their  own  respon- 
sibility. They  were  both  well  mounted,  and,  crossing  Big  creek 
north  of  town  in  the  prairie,  rode  nearly  north  until  they  reached  a 
point  nearly  in  tlie  line  between  Farmington  and  Ellisville,  on  Spoon 
river.  The  morning  before  they  started  out  a  number  of  mounted 
white  men  had  crossed  the  prairie  from  Peoria  to  Quincy,  and  their 
trail,  of  course,  was  fresh  and  showed  very  plainly  in  the  dried 
prairie  grass.  They  had  ridden  in  single  file  ( Indian  fashion,)  and 
a  better  scout  then  even  Peter  Westerfield  might  have  been  deceived 


29()  HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY. 

by  their  trail.  Wlien  Westerfield  and  ISliaue  reached  thit^  trail,  thev 
both  dismounted,  examined  it  carefully,  and  both  were  satisfied  that 
it  had  been  made  by  a  large  party  of  mounted  Indians.  They  cau- 
tiously followed  the  trail  until  their  suspicion  crystallized  into  com- 
parative certainty,  when,  remounting,  they  started  back  toward 
Canton  to  alarm  the  citizens,  and  take  measures  for  the  safety  of 
themselves  and  femilies. 

As  they  neared  Big  creek — which  by  the  melting  of  snow  had 
risen  until  it  M-as  out  of  its  banks — they  had  a  new  cause  for  alarm. 
Jonathan  Buffum  and  Ed.  Therman  had  holed  a  wolf,  and  Avere 
shooting  into  the  hole.  .They  were  in  a  direct  line  between  Avhcrc 
Westerfield  and  Shane  reached  Big  creek  and  Col.  Barnes'  place, 
where  John  Lane  now  lives.  These  bovs  were  not  onlv  shooting, 
but  indulging  in  all  sorts  of  unearthly  yells,  imitating  Indians, 
screaming  and  hallooing.  Another  pioneer  was  squirrel-hunting  in 
the  same  vicinity,  and  another  party  shooting  at  a  mark  in  the  same 
neighborhood. 

Westerfield  and  Shane  listened  to  these  noises  with  undisguised 
fear.  That  it  was  Indians  there  could  be  no  mistake, — Indians  at 
bloody  work,  shooting,  tomahawking  and  scalping  the  families  of 
Col.  Barnes  and  Henry  Therman.  I^hey  did  not  stop  long  to  con- 
sider, but  ])lunged  headlong  into  the  turbid  waters  of  the  raging 
Biir  creek,  and  riuht  i>allantlv  did  their  nol)le  steeds  buifet  the  mad 
waves  until  the  angry  stream  divided  them  from  the  dreaded  foe. 
Their  saddles  were  wet  and  heavy,  and  would  load  their  beasts  too 
much  for  the  fearful  race  for  life  they  were  entering  upon,  and,  with 
a  coolness  never  too  much  to  be  admired,  they  dismounted  and 
relieved  their  gallant  steeds  of  the  dripping  leathern  saddles,  which 
were  deposited  for  safety  in  a  convenient  thicket  of  hazel.  This 
was  the  work  of  but  a  moment,  when  they  remounted  their  bare- 
backed animals  and  were  away  over  the  smooth  prairie,  across  the 
few  ravines,  and  on,  on  to  the.  fort  at  Canton.  As  they  jiassed  the 
cabin  of  Wheaton  Chase  they  shouted,  '^Injins  are  killing  Barnes' 
folks :  flee  for  your  lives !  "  Soon  Coleman's  grocery  was  reached, 
and  the  cry  of  "Injins!  Injins ! "  reiterated.  On,  on  to  the  fort 
they  rode,  and  still  their  cry  was  "Injins!  Injins!"  "The  Injins 
have  killed  everybody  at  Barnes'  and  Therman's ! " 

And  now  began  a  scene  of  the  wildest  confusion.  Men  shouted 
the  dreaded  alarm  ;  women  screamed ;  small  boys,  pale  with  fright, 
crept  into  the  dense  hazel-thickets  and  fled  for  their  lives.  Some 
of  these  boys  were  thus  hiding  for  days  and  days,  subsisting  on 
roots,  berries  and  elm-bark.  "To  the  fort !  To  the  fort !  "  was  now 
the  cry,  and  soon  the  people  were  gathering,  a  pale,  nervous, 
affrighted  throng,  within  the  little  wooden  inclosure  which  was  then 
their  only  hope  of  safety.  To  us,  who  from  the  distance  of  nearly 
fortv  years  contemplate  the  scene,  it  is  a  broad  comedy ;  but  to  those 
affrighted  pioneers  it  was  a  tragedy,  the  denouement  of  which  might 
■prove  fatal  to  them  and  their  loved  ones.     It  was  known  that  Keo- 


^&-_ 


^m^- 


I     *t  ^1   C^    r   H>^^ 


•.•^,  --'• 


tZt:?yz^^ 


CANTON 


Lib;. Mil  i 
.    ,       0^  THE 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  299 

kuk  and  three  thousand  warriors  were  encamped  opposite  the  Yel- 
low Banks,  held  in  check  only  by  his  promise  of  neutrality ;  and 
who  would  believe  the  word  of  the  treacherous  red-skin  ?  Black 
Hawk's  band,  too,  were  on  the  war-path.  They  had  defeated  Major 
Stillman,  and  men  from  Canton  were  among  the  victims,  while 
between  here  and  the  scene  of  that  disaster  there  was  no  sufficient 
force  for  the  protection  of  the  infant  settlement.  All  these  facts 
were  well  known,  and  had  been  frequently  canvassed  among  the 
settlers.  Peter  AYesterfield  was  a  man,  too,  in  whose  word  the  most 
unbounded  confidence  was  placed.  He  was  a  Baptist  licensed 
preacher,  a  man  of  undoubted  courage,  and  had  had  a  considerable 
frontier  experience.  He  believed  the  trail  he  had  seen,  and  the 
yells  and  firing  he  had  heard,  to  be  the  work  of  Indians,  and  had 
no  doubt  that  Col.  Barnes'  family  had  been  massacred.  What  won- 
der the  defenseless  people  were  frightened ! 

Preparations  for  defense,  however,  were  not  neglected.  The 
women  filled  several  large  kettles  with  water,  and  determined  to 
aid  all  they  could  in  the  common  defense  by  using  it  on  the  foe ! 
There  were  incidents  of  broad  comedy  intermingled,  even  then,  with 
the  tragedy,  that  caused  grim  smiles  to  illumine  even  faces  white 
with  fear, — incidents  that  have  served  to  enliven  many  a  fireside 
description  of  those  frightful  days. 

Joel  Wright  was,  by  common  consent,  selected  as  the  commander 
of  the  fort,  and  Isaac  Swan  as  his  second  in  command.  Joel  was 
dressed  in  a  light  suit,  with  a  linen  roundabout.  During  the  excite- 
ment he  was  everywhere, — assuring  frightened  women,  issuing 
orders  for  defensive  prejmrations,  and  distributing  powder  and  lead 
to  the  men.  Be  it  understood,  the  women  preserved  their  courage 
far  better  than  their  lords,  as  was  evidenced  by  the  fact  that  when 
no  male  hand  could  be  found  sufficiently  steady  to  pour  melted  lead 
into  bullet-molds,  a  woman  volunteered  to  make  the  bullets,  and 
made  them  without  s])illing  a  drop  of  the  metal.  Mrs.  Dr.  (^oy- 
kendall  was  particularly  noted  for  her  coolness  and  courage  on  this 
occasion,  and  did  most  of  the  bullet-molding. 

To  recount  all  the  varied  phases  of  this  scare  would  itself  recpiirt; 
a  volume.  Some  were  dramatic,  most  farcical,  as  viewed  through  the 
light  of  forty  years,  and  by  the  knowledge  that  there  was  absolutely 
no  danger.  Among  the  amusing  incidents  of  the  day  was  the  arriv- 
al, at  the  fort,  of  Jerry  Coleman  and  'S({uire  McKim,  who  were  at 
Coleman's  mill,  on  Big  creek,  when  Westerfield's  news  was  com- 
municated to  them.  Jerry  got  the  word  a  few  seconds  in  advance 
of  jMcKim,  and  being  lame,  set  out  at  once.  McKim,  however, 
was  not  long  in  overtaking  him.  McKim  wore  an  old-fashioned 
dress  or  swallow-tailed  coat,  and  as  he  ran  past  the  slow-paced  Jerry, 
the  coat-tails  offered  so  tempting  an  aid  to  the  boys's  flight  that  he 
could  not  refrain  from  seizing  hold  of  them  with  both  hands.  Mc- 
Kim was  a  large,  portly  man,  who  weighed  nearly  two  hundred;  at 
the  same  time  McKim  was  a  frightened  man,  and  fright  is  ever  self- 
19 


300  HISTORY    OF    FT'LTOX    COUNTY. 

ish.  He  wa.s  not  willing  to  be  retarded  by  the  weight  of  Jerry  at- 
tached, like  the  weight  to  the  tail  of  a  kite,  to  his  eoat-skirts,  so  he 
turned  on  Jerr}"  and  tried  to  disengage  his  hold  ;  but  Jerry's  grip  was 
always  good,  and  fear  had  turned  it  into  a  grip  of  iron  :  he  would 
not  let  go.  "  For  God's  sake,  Jerry,  let  me  go,  or  we  will  both  be 
killed  I  Please,  Jerry,  let  me  save  my  own  life  I"  But  Jerry  heed- 
ed not  his  pleadings;  like  Sindbad's  Old  Man  of  the  Sea,  he  could 
not  be  shaken  off.  McKim  turned  to  run,  but  still  the  weight  of 
the  crippled  boy  would  retard  his  speed,  and  he  Mould  turn  again 
and  plead  and  fight,  and  pray  for  deliverance  from  the  tormenter. 
Jerry  loved  life  and  feared  Indians  too  much  to  be  influenced  either 
by  prayer,  threats  or  blows.  He  hung  on,  and  was  still  hanging  on 
when  McKim  dashed  into  the  fort. 

Jerry  found  his  father  gone  and  the  store  thrown  wide  open.  He 
took  possession  and  sold  out  the  whole  stock  of  powder  and  lead  in 
a  few  moments,  not  stopping  to  take  an  account  of  sales  or  settle 
with  customers.  It  had  cost  him  nothing,  and  he  sold  at  cost  and 
was  satisfied. 

Wm.  Hannan,  Charles  Reeves  and  Williain  Babbett,  boys  of  per- 
haps a  dozen  years  old,  were  so  much  infected  with  the  contagion  of 
fear  that  they  determined  to  seek  refuge  in  flight.  They  according- 
ly left  town  and  took  to  the  timljcr.  They  crossed  Big  creek  north  of 
Jacob  Ellis'  mill,  and  struck  down  the  creek  through  the  timber  to 
a  point  \ve>t  of  Lcwistown,  where  they  hid  in  a  dense  thicket. 
Young  Reeves  had  on  a  pair  of  buckskin  breeches,  and  during  his 
flight  he  had  got  them  completely  saturated  with  water.  When  the 
])arty  took  to  cover  he  ])ulled  them  off  and  hung  them  up  on  some 
brush  to  dry.  This  was  a  serious  error  on  Charles's  part,  as  the 
se([uel  showed.  He  had  not  taken  into  his  calculation  the  peculiar 
idiosyncrasy  of  buckskin,  and  found,  to  his  chagrin,  that  the  pants 
which  had  fitted  exactly  before  they  were  wet,  and  been  too  large 
while  saturated  Avith  the  treacherous  fluid,  were  in  their  dried  state 
infinitely  too  small. — so  much  so  that  l)y  no  amount  of  stretching, 
coaxing  or  pulling  could  they  be  induced  to  come  over  his  l)are 
limbs.  He  had  to  give  it  up  in  despair,  and  made  the  rest  of  his  tri]> 
through  brush  and  briers  in  a  primitive  toilet,  more  simple  and  con- 
venient than  |)leasant.  They  were  out  all  the  day  of  the  AVester- 
field  scare,  all  the  succeedina:  night,  and  until  the  next  night,  sub- 
sisting on  l)erries  and  elm-bark.  How  long  th^y  would  have  hidden 
no  one  can  affirm — perhaps  they  would  have  been  hiding  until  this 
day — had  they  nf>t  been  attracted  by  the  sound  of  an  ox-driver's 
••  \V(»-haw,  Buck,"  and  ventured  to  "  interview"  him,  thus  learn- 
ing that  danger  was  over  and  that  they  could  safely  return  to  their 
homes. 

At  C'ol.  Barnes'  the  news  was  tardy  in  coming  that  Westerfield 
brought.  The  colonel  was  out  serving  at  the  head  of  his  company 
under  Stillman.  Stephen  Babbett's  wife  heard  the  alarm  sounded 
<»n  the  east  side  of  Big  ceek,  and,  gathering  up  one  child  and  calling 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  301 

to  her  two  remaining  children  to  foUow,  ran  at  her  ntmo.st  speed 
to  Barnes'.  Henry  Andrews,  then  a  hoy  of  perhaps  fourteen  years, 
saw  her  coming  and  called  to  know  what  was  the  matter.  "Oh," 
she  exclaimed,  "the  Indians  are  murdering  everybody  across  the 
creek.  The  people  are  running  and  hallooing  'Indians!  Indians!'" 
Andrews  at  once  sent  Col.  Barnes'  two  younger  boys  over  to  old 
Mr.  Swegle's  to  give  them  them  the  alarm,  and  in  a  short  time  they 
returned,  bringing  wntli  them  the  old  gentleman — who  was  fir  ad- 
vanced in  years — and  his  old  lady  and  daughter.  Mrs.  Barnes  now 
took  the  direction  of  affairs,  and  directed  the  party  to  seek  shelter  in  a 
thicket  at  the  head  of  a  neighlxtring  ravine.  To  reach  this  thicket 
the  party  were  instructed  to  strike  the  ravine  at  a  point  considerably 
below,  and  then  to  follow  up  the  b(xl  of  the  stream,  wading  in  the 
stream  to  hide  their  trail.  The  two  small  bovs  led  the  wav,  and  the 
old  gentleman  and  the  women  and  children  followed.  There  were 
fourteen  persons  in  all,  and  oidy  one  boy,  armed  with  a  trusty  rifle 
to  protect  them,  Henry  Andrews,  brought  up  the  rear;  and  as  he 
followed  he  picked  his  flint  and  jirepared  for  the  struggle  for  life  and 
foi-  the  lives  of  the  women  and  children  who  were  confided  to  his 
guardianship. 

"Oh,  Henry,"  said  Mrs.  Barnes,  "what  can  you  do  with  so  many 
of  us?"  "I  Avill  do  the  best  I  can  and  kill  as  many  of  them  as  I 
can,"  responded  Henry. 

On  reaching  the  cover  of  the  dense  hazel-thicket,  the  party  took 
to  cover,  except  Henry,  who  stood  guard  f)r  a  couple  of  hours  ;  and 
they  seemed  mortal  hours  to  tiie  boy,  who  looked  each  moment  to 
have  the  red-skins  pounce  upon  him.  At  last,  grown  tired  of  wait- 
ing, Henry  determined  to  venture  to  Canton  and  see  what  the  real 
condition  of  aifairs  might  be.  He  ])roceeded  very  cautiously,  keep- 
ing in  the  cover  of  the  hazel-brush  as  much  as  possible,  until  he 
reached  the  "Morse  quarter"  adjoining  Canton,  when  he  came  upon 
John  Huff",  who  was  out  on  guard.  Hufl"  was  frightened,  and  it 
was  with  difficulty  Henry  suticeeding  in  making  himself  known  :  he 
succeeded  finally,  and  proceeded  to  the  fort.  Here  he  found  the 
wildest  confusion  existing.  All  crowded  around  him,  believing  him 
sole  survivor  from  among  the  settlers  on  the  west  side  of  the  creek. 
Mutual  ex})lanations  followed,  and  at  once  the  scare  was  at  an  end. 
This  scare  Avas  named,  in  honor  of  its  progenitor,  "Westerfield's  De- 
feat," and  as  such  it  is  still  known. 

The  Westerfield  scare  was  by  no  means  confined  to  Canton,  but 
spread  through  all  the  surrounding  townships.  In  the  Mallory  set- 
tlement— now  Putman  township — were  many  settlers,  among  whom 
were  the  Mallorvs,  Fellowses,  Stricklands  and  Holcombs.  There  was 

./        7  7 

an  understanding  between  Isaac  Fellows  and  Joel  Coykendall,  at 
(knton,  that  if  any  serious  alarm  was  given,  Joel  should  communi- 
cate the  news  to  Fellows.  No  sooner  had  the  word  brought  by  Wes- 
terfield reached  Canton,  of  proximity  of  Indians,  than  Joel  mounted 
a  fleet  horse  and  rode  at  utmost  speed  to  Fellows's,  to  warn  him  of 


302  HISTORY    OF    FTI.TOX    COTXTY. 

danger,  accordiug  to  his  promise.  The  men  in  the  neighborhood 
had  met  that  afternoon  to  drill,  the  place  of  muster  being  near  old 
Mr.  Holcomb's.  Thither  Coykendall  was  directed  by  Mrs.  Fellows, 
who,  terribly  alarmed,  gathered  up  her  two  children,  Penella  and 
Stephen,  and  calling  for  her  sister-in-law,  Mrs.  Cyrus  Fellows, 
started  for  the  same  place. 

The  company  at  drill  were  terribly  excited  when  Coykendall  com- 
municated his  news,  and  at  once,  by  common  consent,  separated, 
with  the  understanding  that  they  would  meet  and  fort  at  Holcomb's, 
whose  house  was  the  most  roomy  in  the  settlement.  Holcomb's 
house  was  a  cabin  with  two  rooms,  and  situated  on  the  prairie.  He 
had  no  stable,  but  on  the  ground,  ready  for  raising,  had  the  logs  for 
a  small  log  barn.  The  men  were  wonderfully  expeditious  in  collect- 
ing their  little  families  at  Holcomb's, — so  expeditious,  indeed,  that 
not  a  man  of  them  had  thought  of  his  arms.  When  all  were  asssem- 
bled,  the  scene  would  have  beggared  the  pencil  of  Hogarth  to  paint 
all  its  serio-comic  and  tragic  eifects.  Women  with  disheveled  locks 
were  praying;  men  palsied  with  fear,  and  children  screaming  with 
affright.  Some  one  suggested  that  a  fort  must  be  built  about  the 
house.  The  suggestion  was  grasped  at,  as  drowning  men  grasp  at 
straws.  Old  Mr.  Holcomb  siezed  a  spade,  and  rushing  out  before 
his  door,  began  to  excavate.  "M'hat  on  arth  are  you  a  doin',  old 
man?"  shouted  his  wife.  "Diggin'  a  fort."  said  he,  as  he  frantically 
exhumed  s])adeful  after  spadeful  of  the  rich,  black  loam. 

It  was  soon  discovered  that  the  supply  of  barn  logs  Mould  not  be 
sufficient  for  a  stockade  ;  so  it  was  decided  to  build  a  breast-work. 
This  was  soon  completed,  and  was  only  about  three  feet  in  height. 
Then  was  discovered  a  dire  calamity.  Here  was  a  breast-AVork,  and 
here  were  brawnv  defenders,  but  there  was  onlv  one  irnn  that  was 
serviceable.  Breast-works  are  a  good  thing  in  themselves,  but  with- 
out arms  their  strong  points  in  defensive  warfare  could  not  be  brought 
out  to  advantage.  What  was  to  be  done?  So  much  time  had  been 
occupied  in  ])re]>aring  their  fortifications  that  it  was  not  probable 
there  would  be  time  to  return  to  their  homes  for  arms  before  the 
murdering  savages  would  be  upon  them,  and  then,  the  women  have 
since  suggested,  their  lieges  were  too  much — well,  say  demoral- 
ized, to  venture  so  far  from  the  fort.  Some  one  suggested  clubs  ; 
and  as  there  hap})ened  to  be  a  convenient  thicket,  the  suggestion  was 
at  once  adopted.  Clubs,  those  primitive  weapons  of  warfare,  were 
cut  in  such  abundance  that  Mrs.  Isaac  Fellows  persists  to  this  day 
in  saying  there  were  fully  four  wagon-loads, — enough  to  keep  the 
Holcomb  family  in  wood  until  long  after  corn-planting. 

While  the  vouno-  and  athletic  men  were  euiratred  in  the  club  bus- 
iness,  old  Mr.  Strickland,  who  weighed  nearly  three  hundred  pounds 
and  was  too  fat  to  venture  so  far  as  the  thicket,  engaged  in  imi)ro- 
vising  for  himself  a  weapon  more  formidable  than  the  club.  Pro- 
curing a  bayonet  with  about  one-third  of  the  jwint  end  broken  off, 
he  fastened  it  to  a  hoe-handle  ;  then  stationing  himself  before  a  win- 


HISTOEY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  303 

(low  in  an  arm-chair,  he  poised  his  blunt  spear,  and  with  an  expec- 
tant look,  pronounced  himself  ready  to  send  whoever  of  the  red-skins 
should  present  himself  at  that  window  to  his  last  account.  As 
Strickland  sat  expectant,  waiting,  watching,  he  prayed, — for  he  was 
a  religious  man, — watched  and  prayed,  determined  to  die  at  his 
[)()st, — and  no  Indian  within  fifty  miles !  While  Strickland  was 
preparing  his  formida])le  weapon,  old  Mrs.  Stewart,  who  weighed 
nearly  as  much  as  that  old  hero,  was  loading  and  doubly  loading  the 
only  serviceable  gun. 

Still  the  Indians  did  not  come,  and  men  and  women  began  to 
breathe  easier.  Finally  one  bold  pioneer  volunteered  to  go  down 
the  road  toward  Canton  and  see  if  he  could  discern  any  signs  of 
the  enemy.  He  soon  returned  with  hair  erect  and  eyes  dilated,  and 
declaring  that  the  "  Injins"  were  coming,  marching  in  solid  column, 
at  least  a  thousand  strong ;  and  now  Pandemonium  was  a  quiet  place 
compared  with  Fort  Holcomb.  Men,  women,  children,  all  were 
screaming,  all  were  praying,  all  were — but  why  attempt  to  describe 
what  is  indescribable?  Had  Black  Hawk,  with  any  of  his  braves, 
been  within  a  mile,  the  noise  then  and  tliere  would  have  frightened 
them  out  of  the  country. 

Still  the  Indians  did  not  a})pear.  Dark  came,  lights  were  extin- 
guished, and  in  darkness  and  doubt  the  frightened  people  watched 
and  waited.  Twelve  o'clock,  and  still  no  ruthless  savaofe.  Dawn, 
rosy  dawn,  came,  and  still  the  wary  savage  failed  to  make  morn 
hideous  with  his  terrible  war-cry.  And  now  came  a  suspicion,  faint 
at  first,  but  gradually  growing  stronger  until  it  crystallized  into  con- 
viction, that  the  scare  was  without  foundation,  and  then,  all  at  once, 
men  became  l)rave.  Messengers  were  now  found  willing  to  go  to 
Canton  to  learn  the  extent  and  cause  of  the  alarm.  Thev  soon  re- 
turned, bringing  the  good  news  that  there  was  not  an  Indian  within, 
perha|)s,  one  hundred  miles  of  the  county  line ! 

The  Westerfield  scare  was  communicated  to  the  Moores'  Grove 
settlement  by  a  runner,  who  crossed  below  the  Lewistown  bridge 
and  made  his  way  to  Harvey  Crosswait's.  Crosswait  communicated 
the  alarm  at  once  to  his  neighbors,  inviting  them  all  to  take  refuge 
at  his  new  log  house,  which  was  (piite  roomy  and  tolerablv  well  cal- 
culated for  defense.  Between  Crosswait's  and  Joshua  Moores'  there 
was  a  ravine  that,  on  account  of  the  melting  snow,  had  been  con- 
verted into  a  raging  torrent.  Crosswait  went  as  nearly  to  Moores' 
as  this  torrent  would  permit,  and  hallooed  across  to  old  Mrs.  Moores. 
The  old  gentleman  was  now  ([uite  old,  and  Walters,  his  son-in-law, 
had  just  been  killed  at  Stillman's  defeat.  Old  Mr.  Moores  gathered 
up  his  sick  wife  in  his  arms  and,  followed  by  his  daughter  Jennie, 
her  sister,  and  their  four  children,  they  started  for  the  expected 
])lace  of  safety.  On  arriving  at  the  slough,  they  waded  in  across 
the  bottom  for  some  distance  to  a  foot-log  across  the  small  stream, 
Mr.  Moores  carrying  his  wife,  the  two  daughters  wading,  each  carrv- 
ing  a  child  and  leading  one.     When  the  foot-log  was  reached,  Mrs 


304  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY. 

Moores  expressed  her  belief  that  the  alarm  was  false,  and  insisted  on 
being  taken  back  home ;  but  at  length,  yielding  to  the  entreaties  of 
her  children  and  the  expostulation  of  her  husband,  consented  to  go 
forward.  The  whole  party  crossed  over,  the  old  folks  by  crawling 
on  their  hands  and  knees,  and  the  vouug-er  women  bv  wadinir 
through  the  swift  current,  carrying  one  child  and  dragging  the 
other.  This  was  not  accomplished  without  danger,  as  the  water  was 
deep  and  the  current  swift. 

When  the  two  young  women  reached  the  shore,  they  noticed  close 
behind  them  a  neighbor  woman,  Mrs.  Robinson,  with  two  children, 
wading  through  the  overflowed  bottom  toward  them,  and  at  once 
determined  to  wait  for  and  assist  her  across.  When  Mrs.  Robinson 
reached  the  foot-log,  Mrs.  AValters  called  to  know  where  he  was. 
Mrs.  Robinson  replied,  "T  don't  know.  He  and  his  brother 
were  with  me  until  we  got  to  the  creek,  and  then  disappeared  :  I  don't 
know  what  has  become  of  them."  It  proved  that  both  men, 
who  were  young,  stout  and  hearty,  had  deserted  the  poor 
woman  to  her  fate,  and  in  company  had  started,  as  fast  as  their 
frightened  limbs  would  carry  them,  for  Spriugfield.  They  did  not 
return  for  more  than  three  weeks.  Mrs.  Walters  and  her  sister  aided 
Mrs.  Robinson  to  cross  the  stream,  and  accompanied  her  to  Cross- 
wait's  where  the  company,  with  many  of  their  neighbors,  remained 
until  dark,  when  another  runner  arrived  from  Jacob  Ellis's,  inform- 
ing them  that  there  had  been  no  danger. 

John  Orendorff,  Esq.,  relates  the  incidents  of  the  W^esterfield 
scare  occurring  east  and  south  of  Canton.  Orendorff  and  Richard 
Addis  had  started  to  Hazael  Putman's  place — since  known  as  the 
"Woods  Farm," — to  attend  the  muster  of  their  militia  company. 
On  the  way-  across  the  Canton  Prairie,  and  when  near  the  mound, 
they  met  Richard  Tompkins,  who  informed  them  that  Peter  Wester- 
field  had  just  come  home,  and  brought  word  that  the  Indians  were 
killiny;  evervbodv  north  of  Canton  ;  that  Barnes'  folks  had  all  been 
killed,  and  the  danger  was  imminent.  "Who  has  seen  Westerfield  ?" 
asked  Orendorff.  "George  Anderson,"  was  the  reply.  Orendorff 
expressing  doubt  of  the  truth  of  Anderson's  statement,  to  some  ex- 
tent re-assured  Tompkins,  and  he  consented  to  return  and  go  with 
Orendorff  and  Addis  to  Westerfield's  house.  Westerfield  resided  on 
what  is  now  known  as  the  "Capps  Farm."  On  arriving  at  Wester- 
field's they  found  the  place  deserted,  Westerfield  having  fled  to  the 
woods  with  his  family  for  shelter.  They  accordingly  turned  and 
rode  over  to  Putman's.  Here  they  found  the  militia  company  in 
consultation  as  to  the  course  to  be  pursued.  Esquire  Orendorff  was 
called  upon  for  his  opinion,  and,  after  questioning  Anderson,  who 
w^as  the  only  person  present  that  had  seen  Westerfield,  he  ex- 
pressed himself  in  favor  of  sending  a  messenger  at  once  to  Canton 
to  ascertain  the  facts,  and  volunteered  to  go  himself  on  that  errand. 
Addis  at  once  volunteered  to  accompany  him.  The  company  agreed 
to  remain  together  at  Putman's  until  their  return. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  305 

Orendorff  and  Addis  set  out  at  once  on  their  mission,  and  -had 
scarcely  struck  the  high  prairie  before  they  discovered  Peter  West- 
erfickl  coming  from  toward  his  place,  and  evidently  with  the  inten- 
tion of  joining  them.  AVesterheld  was  mounted,  bare-backed,  on  v 
sorrel,  raw-boned  animal ;  his  head  was  "enturbaned"  with  a  red 
bandana  handkerchief;  he  carried  his  rifle  and  shot-pouch  by  his 
side,  and  wore  a  look  of  grim  determination.  He  was  evidently  going 
tc^war,  and  his  courage  would  not  fail  him.  Westerfield  communicated 
his  news  to  Urendorlf  and  Addis,  said  he  had  hid  his  family,  and 
was  going  to  the  fort  at  Canton  to  aid  in  its  defense. 

On  arriving  at  Canton  they  found  the  scare  had  subsided,  Henry 
Andrews  having  come  in  from  the  Barnes  farm  with  news  of  their 
safety,  and  that  no  Indians  were  in  that  vicinity.  When  Westerfield 
heard  this,  he  grasped  Orendorff's  arm  and  exclaimed,  "I  tell  you, 
Orendorff,  it  is  true,  I  know.  Didn't  I  hear  them  and  see  their 
trail  ?"  It  was  no  use  telling  Westerfield  that  his  senses  had  be- 
trayed him. 

Orendorff  and  Addis  now  I'ode  back  to  Putman'sto  notify  the  com- 
pany that  the  danger  was  imaginary ;  but  on  arriving  there  they 
found  that  the  valiant  militia,  taking  a  new  scare,  had  run  to  their 
homes  and  were  hiding  out  their  families. 

Thus  ended  the  most  exciting  day  in  Canton's  pioneer  history. 

CLOSE  OF  THE  WAR. 

The  war  went  on,  resulting  in  the  defeat  of  the  Indians  and  the 
capture  of  their  leader.  The  rangers  came  home  and  were  dismissed 
from  service.  They  received  therefor  the  remunerative  sum  of 
H6  cents  per  day  for  self  and  horse.  Afterwards  the  general 
Government  was  kind  enough  to  give  each  ])articipant  80  acres  of 
land. 

INCIDENTS. 

The  following  incident  was  related  by  one  of  the  few  remaining 
veterans  of  the  war:  One  day  the  General  (Stillman)  and  some  of 
the  officers  started  out  reconnoitering  on  a  high  hill.  Some  of  the 
boys  thought  this  presented  an  excellent  oj)portunity  to  play  a  good 
joke  on  their  commander  and  officers.  Accordingly  they  fixed 
themselves  up  in  blankets  to  look  like  Indians,  skirted  the  hill  and 
appeared  to  the  scouting  party  from  the  bushes.  The  General  and 
party  of  course  thought  them  Indians,  discharged  their  guns  at  them 
and  started  on  a  general  stampede  into  the  camp,  yelling,  "Indians ! 
Indians !"  and  immediately  called  all  the  men  into  line.  On  dis- 
covering their  mistake  the  boys  had  a  merry  time  over  the  scare,  and 
it  was  a  standing  joke  on  the  officers  as  long  as  the  campaign 
lasted. 

Theodore  Sergeant  was  Lieutenant  of  the  Canton  militia  company 
during  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and  in  that  capacity  for  a  considerable 
period  of  time  had  command  of  the  com])any.     After  Stillman's  de- 


306 


HISTORY    OF   FULTON    COUXTY, 


feat,  an  order  came  from  the  Governor  to  Sergeant  for  seven  men 
from  the  Canton  company.  Sergeant  at  once  mnstered  his  men  in 
front  of  Child  &  Stillman's  store,  and  read  the  requisition,  calling 
upon  those  who  would  go  to  fall  in  after  the  music,  which  was  at 
the  same  time  ordered  to  march  and  counter-march.  Up  and  down 
tramped  the  musicians  before  the  company,  but  not  a  man  fell  in 
behind  them.  Sergeant  was  equal  to  the  emergency.  Ordering  the 
music  to  cease,  he  went  into  the  store  and  bought  two  gallons  f)f 
whisky,  which  he  passed  down  the  ranks  treating  every  man.  "Now 
boys,"  said  he,  "I've  got  to  have  seven  men  or  I'll  draft  them. 
Music !  forward,  march  !  Boys,  fall  in,  you  who  want  to  go."  Either 
the  whisky  or  the  threat,  or  patriotism,  proved  potent,  and  nine 
more  than  the  required  number  at  once  fell  in. 


CHAPTER  TX. 

CRIMINAL  KEiJOHD. 

The  criminal  record  of  Fulton  county,  as  the  dark  contents  of  this 
chapter  will  clearly  show,  brings  her  to  the  front  rank  in  this  partic- 
ular, as  she  stands  in  every  noble  one.  Since  the  day  wicked  Cain 
slew  his  brother  Abel  in  the  very  morning  of  the  world's  history, 
the  earth  has  been  bathed  in  human  blood  shed  by  jealous,  angry  or 
infuriated  human  brothers.  In  Fulton  county  it  seems  that  life 
has  been  held  as  of  little  value  by  many  of  our  people.  Men  and 
women  for  slight  pretenses  have  taken  the  life  of  their  fellow  creatures. 
The  knife,  pistol,  gun,  poison  and  other  weapons  have  been  used 
with  a  prodigal  hand.  For  the  most  trivial  offense  the  knife  has 
l)een  plunged  to  the  vitals  of  the  victim,  the  fatal  bullet  sent  to  his 
heart,  or  the  deadly  lotion  dealt  out.  By  the  observant  it  will  be 
noticed  as  a  significant  fact  that  in  the  following  list  of  murders  com- 
mitted the  oiFense  to  cause  the  deadly  act  to  be  done  has  been  gener- 
ally slight.  Seldom  justifialjle,  it  seems  to  an  impartial  observer, 
yet  it  will  be  noticed  that  the  punishment  meted  out  to  the  criminal 
has  invariably  been  light.  Not  one  in  the  long  list  of  murderers 
has  been  punished  with  the  death  penalty.  We  are  not  claiming 
that  in  any  particular  case  such  should  have  been  done,  but  wish  to 
record  the  facts  impartially  as  we  find  them.  As  above  mentioned, 
it  would  seem  from  this  state  of  public  sentiment  that  life  is  looked 
upon  as  not  very  sacred  or  valuable  by  many  persons  of  this  county. 
To  illustrate  further  the  slight  value  placed  upon  life  by  some,  aside 
from  the  terrible  facts  recorded  below,  we  will  refer  to  a  trial  once 
brought  before  a  justice  of  the  peace  of  Liverpool  township.  Two 
neighbor  women  were  brought  to  trial  and  prosecuted  for  the  attempt 
upon  the  life  of  another  neighbor  woman.  One  of  these,  while 
making  soap  in  the  open  air,  had  contracted  with  the  other  for  a 
verv  small  sum  of  monev,  only  a  few  dollars,  to  kill  the  third  woman 
referred  to.  The  committal  of  the  dark  deed  was  thoroughly  dis- 
cussed, and  plans  laid  to  carry  it  into  execution.  The  woman  who 
for  a  few  dollars  had  bargained  to  take  the  life  of  one  of  her  neigh- 
bors intended  committing  the  deed  with  a  garden  hoe.  We  do  not 
wish  to  reflect  upon  the  high  moral  standing  of  the  citizens  of 
Fulton  county  in  general,  but  as  faithful  historians  we  must  impar- 
tially record  things  as  they  exist. 

We  have  not  attempted  to  give  a  list  of  the  persons  who  were  in- 


308  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY. 

dieted  for  manslaughter.  There  is  a  \'erv  long  list  of  these,  many 
of  whom  are  not  murderers  simply  because  they  failed  in  aim,  not 
because  they  did  not  intend  to  commit  the  deed.  We  give  every 
case  where  a  person  was  indicted  and  tried  for  murder. 

James  Off  den. 

In  1840  there  was  a  house-raising  at  John  Morris',  in  Union 
township,  near  Troy  Mills.  Among  those  present  was  James  Og- 
den.  While  at    dinner    Ogden    thought    he    was    insulted    by 

another  party,  and  being  of  an  irritable  temperament  he  became 
very  cross,  angry,  abusive  and  profane.  George  Morris,  a  young 
man,  became  incensed  at  Ogden's  abusive  manners,  and  made  his 
feelings  known.  The  two  soon  got  into  a  tight.  Ogden  kicked 
Morris  very  hard  during  the  tussle.  When  parted,  Morris  remarked 
that  he  was  badly  hurt.  He  was  taken  into  the  house  and  laid  upon 
a  bed,  no  one  supposing  that  he  was  seriously  hurt ;  but  within 
fifteen  minutes  he  died.  After  some  time  had  elapsed  Ogden  gave 
himself  up  to  Sheriff  La  master,  was  tried,  found  guilty  and  sentenced 
to  the  penitentiary  for  one  year.  He  served  a  portion  of  his  time 
and  was  pardoned  by  Gov.  Carlin.  We  are  told  that  his  treatment 
while  at  the  penitentiary  was  very  mild,  he  being  permitted  to  drive 
a  team  through  the  streets  of  Alton  and  do  general  outside  work. 

Neheiaiah    Northup. 

About  noon  one  day  in  the  summer  of  1847  or  '48,  Norman  Bea- 
mas  was  married  in  Liverpool,  In  the  evening  of  that  day,  Xehe- 
miah  Xorthup,  a  resident  on  the  north  side  of  Liverpool  island,  got 
to  carousinu;  around  with  women's  clothes  on.  and  endeavoring  to 
be  a  whole  "shivaree"  of  himself.  He  was  not  known  to  have  any 
particular  charge  against  either  Beamas  or  his  new  wife ;  but  when  it 
was  about  dusk  he  met  Beamas  on  the  common,  passed  a  few  words 
with  him  and  started  off  with  a  gun  on  his  shoulder,  waving  it  up 
and  down.  At  the  distance  of  a  few  rods,  walking  with  his  back 
still  turned  toward  Beamas,  he  fired  off  the  gun,  and  lo !  the  shot 
struck  the  bridegroom  on  the  neck  and  lower  part  of  his  face,  shat- 
tering his  louver  jaw  to  pieces  and  killing  him  instantly.  Xorthuj) 
was  arrested  and  bound  over  to  court  under  a  moderate  penalty, 
but  he  finally  left  the  country  and  has  since  never  been  heard  of. 
It  is  related  that  only  a  half-hour  before  the  death  of  Mr.  Beamas, 
the  bride  was  dozing  in  a  rocking-chair  and  had  a  very  distinct 
dream  of  seeing  her  husband  murdered! 

Jackson  Louderback,  Daniel  Louderback  and  John  Curless. 

These  parties  were  indicted  March  G,  1849,  for  the  murder  of 
Abraham  Ijittlejohn,  of  Woodland  township.  The  history  of  tlic 
case,  as  we  have  been  informed,  is  as  follows:  Some  time  previous 
to  the  murder  two  brothers  l)v  the  name  of  Baldwin   came   into   the 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  309 

neighborhood  preaching  a  new  religion.  They  were  formerly  fish- 
ermen, we  are  told,  and  came  from  Havana.  Their  education  was 
limited,  bat  what  they  lacked  in  knowledge  they  made  up  in  zeal 
and  earnestnes,  and  consequently  found  many  converts  to  their 
views.  Among  them  were  many  of  the  best  and  most  respected 
peo])le  of  that  portion  of  the  county.  In  derision  their  followers 
were  called  Baldwinites,  but  Union  Baptists  was  the  name  they 
claimed.  Thov  were  infatuated  with  their  new  relip-ion  and  held 
meetings  \'ery  often.  It  was  at  one  of  these  meetings  that  Little- 
john  lost  his  life.  It  was  held  at  a  school-house,  or  church,  and  he 
was  appointed  to  keej)  order.  It  seems  that  the  Louderbacks  and  oth- 
ers came  to  this  meeting  expressly  to  create  a  disturbance  ;  at  any  rate 
they  did  so,  and  while  Littlejohn  was  putting  one  of  their  number 
out  of  the  house  Jackson  Louderback  reached  in  from  without  and 
cut  him  in  the  abdomen  with  a  knife.  From  the  wound  made  he 
soon  died.  Jackson  made  his  escape  and  never  has  been  captured. 
Daniel  and  John  Curless  were  arrested  and  liberated  on  bail.  Dan- 
iel's case  was  postponed  from  time  to  time  until  the  November  term, 
1851,  when  he  came  to  trial.  Julius  Manning  assisted  the  prosecu- 
tion. Wead  (Sz  Goudy  and  I^ewis  Ross  defended.  The  case  was  a 
sharply  contested  one.  He  was  acquitted.  The  other  cases  were 
then  stricken  from  the  docket. 

Nancij  Wilcoxen. 

Nancv  Wilcoxen,  a  woman  of  questionable  character,  was  in- 
dicted, March  17,  1852,  for  the  killing  of  William  Weston.  She 
went  from  her  home  in  Liverpool  townshij)  to  Liverpool  on  the  day 
of  the  night  of  the  murder,  and  purchased  a  knife  for  the  avowed 
purpose  of  killing  Weston.  He  was  at  her  house,  and  it  is  said  he 
bore  but  a  little  better  re])utation  than  the  woman.  That  night  she 
killed  him.  Her  attorneys  were  Manning,  lioss  and  Blackwell, 
while  Wead  c\:  Goudy  assisted  the  prosecution.  She  was  found 
guilty  of  manslaughter  and  sentenced  to  the  penitentiary  for  six 
years.  She  was  pardoned,  however,  before  her  term  of  service  was 
completed,  came  back  to  this  county,  and  subsequently  went  to 
Sangamon  county,  where  she  died. 

Rebecca  Dj/e. 

This  was  a  case  brought  from  McDonough  county  on  a  change  of 
venue,  but  it  was  the  most  exciting  trial  ever  held  in  the  county.  It 
lasted  nine  days.  The  court  room  was  crowded  at  every  session, 
many  ladies  being  constantly  in  attendance.  On  the  evening  of  the 
27th  of  May,  1854,  Mrs.  Dye  killed  her  husband,  James  Dye,  as  it 
was  alleged.  David  R.  Burress  was  arrested  as  an  accessory  to  the 
crime,  but  broke  jail  before  trial.  INIrs.  Dye  was  tried  at  the 
April  term  of  the  Circuit  Court,  1855.  The  prosecuting  attorneys 
were  Messrs.  Goudy,  of  Fulton,  Wheat,  of  Adams,  and  Schofield  & 


310  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Mack,  of  Hancock.  For  the  defense,  Messrs.  Manning,  of  Peoria, 
Kellogg  and  Ross,  of  Fulton,  and  Cyrns  Walker  of  McDonough. 
Probably  a  more  able  array  of  counsel  could  not  have  been  procured 
in  the  entire  State.  William  C  Goudy  opened  the  ease  for  the 
people  and  Cyrus  Walker  for  the  defense.  Some  eighty  or  ninety 
witnesses  were  examined.  The  case  was  given  to  the  jury  after 
able  arguments  on  l)Oth  sides.  It  remained  out  for  fifteen  hours  and 
l)rought  in  a  verdict  of  guilty,  and  fixed  the  punishment  at  confine- 
ment in  the  penitentiary  for  five  years.  She  was  pardoned  long  be- 
fore the  expiration  of  her  term,  returned  to  ^lacomb,  and  died 
in  1874. 

Willi  a  III  Taif. 

In  Novemljer,  1857,  AVm.  Tait  was  indicted  for  the  killing  of 
Hamilton  Brown  at  Astoria.  One  night  while  passing  along  the 
street  Brown  was  struck  upon  the  head  with  a  stone  or  a  piece  of 
iron.  From  the  wound  inflicted  he  died.  Tait  was  supposed  to 
have  thrown  the  stone  and  therefore  was  indicted  for  the  murder. 
He  was  liberated  upon  bail  fixed  at  S500.  He  was  tried  and  ac- 
quitted.    Cyrus  Walker  was  his  attorney. 

Simon  H.  0.  and  John   W.  HanJij. 

A  fracas  occurred  in  the  little  village  of  Slabtown  Wednesday, 
April  27,  1S.j9,  in  which  Daniel  Richardson  was  instantly  killed 
and  John  O.  Hardy  severely  wounded.  There  had  been  a  lawsuit 
that  day  in  which  Richardson  was  interested,  and  it  not  termin- 
ating to  please  him,  and,  it  is  said,  he  being  somewhat  intoxicated, 
became  quarrelsome.  He  attacked,  as  it  was  claimed,  John  O.  Hardy, 
an  elderly  gentleman,  and  struck  him  two  or  three  times,  when 
young  Hardy  approached  ;  and  as  he  attempted  to  draw  a  pistol  Rich- 
ardson threw  a  stone,  which  struck  the  weapon,  causing  it  to  discharge 
its  contents  into  the  young  man's  thigh.  The  old  man  then  drew  a 
knife  and  stabbed  Richardson  to  the  heart,  killing  him  instantly. 
The  two  Hardys  were  l^rought  to  trial  at  the  June  term,  1859,  on 
the  charge  of  murder.  From  96  men  a  jury  was  chosen  and  the 
case  given  intr)  their  hands.  They  rendered  a  verdict  of  "not 
guilty." 

Isaac  H(irri><. 

A  young  man  l)y  the  name  of  Vaughn  was  murdered  at  \'ermont, 
Tuesday,  July  15,  1860,  by  Isaac  Harris,  another  young  man. 
The  weajion  used  was  a  club.  The  young  men  had  always  been 
warm  friends.  They  were  traversing  a  road  near  Vermont,  and 
Vaughn  became  so  helpless  from  excessive  drinking  that  he  fell 
upon  the  ground  and  could  not  get  up.  Harris  tried  to  arouse  liini 
by  pounding  him  with  a  stick,  but  without  success.  He  then  took 
a  fence  stake  and  literally  pounded  the  prostrate    man    to  death. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  311 

Vaughn  was  taken  home  and  died  that  same  evening.  It  seems 
that  there  was  no  ill-feeling  between  the  two  men  :  they  were  only 
drunk.  Harris  Mas  indicted  for  murder  and  tried  at  the  October 
term  of  the  Circuit  C(»urt,  found  guilty  of  manslaughter  and  sent  to 
the  penitentiary  for  fifteen  years. 

Jackson  Bolcn. 

In  Nov.,  lX(j'2,  BokMi  klHcd  James  Mahary,  of  Vermont.  Tliis 
occurred  during  the  war,  and  it  seemed  the  latter  had  charged  the 
former  with  being  a  Missouri  jay-hawker  and  thief.  Bolen  hearing 
of  the  charges,  went  to  Mahary  fn-  satisfaction,  when  a  collision  en- 
sued, which  resulted  in  Mahary  being  stabbed  to  death.  Bolen  was 
indicted  Feb.  26,  186.'>,  and  tried  at  tlic  March  term  of  the  Circuit 
Court  and  acquitted,  the  jury  believing  he  committed  the  deed  in 
self-defense. 

Thomas   Wrlf//if 

was  brought  to  trial  at  the  March  term  of  the  Circuit  Court,  18()2, 
for  the  killing  of  a  Mr.  Helm.  The  case  was  dismissed  during  trial 
by  the  prosecution  for  want  of  evidence. 

Geon/c  W.  Pofh. 

Friday,  -lau.  l(J,  18()."),  at  Apple's  school-house,  four  aud  a  liaH' 
uiiles  east  of  I^ewistown,  Zachariah  Shaw,  jr.,  met  his  death,  bv  b(>- 
ing  stabbed  with  a  bowie-knife  in  the  hands  of  Geo.  W.  Potts.  A 
spelling-s(>hool  had  been  in  session  at  the  school-house,  and  imme- 
diately after  its  close  an  aftVay  occurred  between  several  i)ersons, 
resulting  in  Shaw's  death.  Potts  made  his  escape.  He  was  indicted 
Feb.  '28,  1863,  for  manslaughter,  but  he  could  not  be  found.  The 
case  ran  along  from  term  to  term  until  Dec.  14,  1860,  when  it  was 
stricken  from  the  docket. 

I'J/i  Watkius,  Ahra/taiit  l^'lhatii,  Henrij  iSchrodcr  and  Jackson    Welch. 

These  })arties,  who  resided  in  Menard  county,  killed  an  innocent 
and  inoffensive  boy  near  Havana,  Mason  county,  and  were  brought 
here  on  a  change  of  veuvu'  from  that  county.  They  were  taking  a 
drove  of  cattle  through  the  county,  and  stoj)]ied  at  Havana  and  be- 
came intoxicated.  They  met  their  victim,  who  was  a  CJerman  boy 
of  twelve  or  fifteen  years  of  age,  in  the  road,  and  ordered  him  off, 
and  without  further  provocation  shot  him  down.  Thev  were 
all  acquitted. 

Ira    (Uh. 

This  man  killed  a  Mr.  Baker,  of  Woodland  township.  Both 
l)arties  were  respected,  and  well-to-do  citizens.  They  got  into  a 
fuss,  however,  over  the  difference  of  only  fifty  cents  in  making  a 
settlement  with  each  other,  and  Cobb  shot  Baker  with   a   pistol. 


312  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

The  ball  entered  the  head  of  its  victim  and  proved  fatal  immediately. 
Cobb  was  indicted  for  murder  Sept.  29,  1864.  He  took  a  change  of 
venue  to  Peoria  county,  was  tried,  found  guilty  of  manslaughter  and 
sentenced  for  ten  years.  A  new  trial  was  granted,  and  by  agree- 
ment the  case  was  returned  to  this  county,  here  he  broke  jail  and 
was  gone  four  years.  Shortly  after  his  escape  he  was  captured  in 
Indiana.  Sheriff  Waggoner  hurried  forward  to  get  his  prisoner,  but 
ere  he  arrived  Cobb  had  again  escaped.  This  time  lie  evaded  the 
authorities  for  about  four  years,  w^hen  Sheriff  Waggoner  caught  him 
in  Kansas.  When  he  returned  he  was  brought  to  trial,  but  the 
prosecution  was  compelled  to  beg  for  a  continuance,  as  everv  wit- 
ness for  the  State  had  either  died  or  left  the  State.  He  pleaded 
guity,  we  believe,  and  was  sent  to  the  penitentiary  for  one  year,  but 
was  soon  pardoned. 

Thoriuoi  BicharcUon. 

In  June,  1805,  the  village  of  Marbletown  was  thrown  into  con- 
siderable excitement  by  the  announcement  of  the  murder  of  Daniel 
Lash.  Lash  was  a  farm-hand  at  the  time  in  the  employ  of  Hiram 
Marble.  Richardson,  a  cripple,  kept  what  was  familiarly  known  as 
a  "jug  grocery," — in  other  words,  a  saloon.  Lash,  who  was  a  des- 
perate fellow  and  regarded  as  an  outlaw,  came  to  this  saloon  using 
threatening  language  toward  Richardson,  and  soon  endeavored  to 
strike  him.  Richardson  in  the  mean  time  secured  a  hatchet,  and 
when  opportunity  [)resented  struck  Lash  a  hard  blow,  which  |>roved 
fatal.  Lash  exclaimed  "He  has  killed  me!"  and  after  walking 
about  seventy  yards  fell.  Richardson  was  arrested  for  the  murder, 
but  the  grand  jury  refused  to  indict  him,  and  he  was  set  at 
liberty. 

(.Vftheriiie  Lorix,  itlidx  Cutlicrinc  ToclrJ,  and  Robert  Todd. 

These  parties  were  indicted  April  20,  1865,  for  committing  mur- 
der by  poisoning ;  they  were  tried  at  the  November  teriii  of  the 
Circuit  Court,  1865,  and  found  not  guilty.  Rol)ert,  however,  was 
not  discharged  until  April  20,  1866.  A  further  account  will  be 
given  in  the  history  of  IMeasant  townshij),  where  the  murder  was 
committed. 

Willidin  A.  Jonea. 

The  victim  of  this  fracas,  which  occurred  in  Bryant,  was  Wesley 
Pittman.  Jones  was  indicted  April  21,  1866,  found  guilty  of  man- 
slaughter April  18,  1867,  and  sent  to  the  penitentiary  for  two  years. 
He  killed  Pittman  with  a  rock.  Sheriff  Waggoner  took  him  to 
State's  prison,  where  he  died. 

John  Yanu'/I. 

This  man  was  indicted  April  23,  1867,  for  killing  City  Marshall 
James  P.  Goodwin,  of  Lewistown.     He  took  a  change  of  venue  to 


HISTOEY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  313 

McDonough  county  and  was  sent  to  the  penitentiary  for  fourteen 
years.  He,  however,  only  served  f.bout  eighteen  months,  when  he 
was  pardoned. 

Oscar  Craig. 

Craig  shot  and  kiHed  Thomas  Brown,  in  Otto,  and  seeminglv 
without  any  provocation  whatever.  He  was  indicted  for  murder 
Aug.  25,  187(J,  took  a  change  of  venue  to  Tazewell  county  and  was 
acquitted. 

Lemuel  Furdy,  Pitts  Lawrence  Purdy  n)id  Samuel  JVicholson. 

These  parties  were  indicted  Aug.  29,  1871,  for  the  murder  of  a 
Swede.  The  fatal  affair  occurred  on  the  night  of  the  4th  of  Julv, 
1871,  at  a  saloon  called  Shoo  Fly,  one  mile  east  of  Lcwistown.  A 
majority  of  the  crowd  at  this  place  that  night  were  intoxicated.  The 
Swede  had  hut  recently  come  to  this  cotintry  and  is  said  to  have 
been  a  very  (piiet,  inoifensive  man.  In  a  fracas  that  occurred  he 
was  struck  down  with  a  club,  and  he  died  from  the  effects  of  the  in- 
juries received.  Nicholson  was  tried  at  the  April  term,  1873,  and 
found  "not  guilty."  Pitts  L.  Purdy  took  a  change  of  venue  to 
Schuyler  county,  where  he  also  was  acquitted.  Lemuel  Purdy  took 
a  change  to  Macon  county,  tried,  found  guilty  of  manslaughter  and 
sentenced  for  five  years.  He  was  pardoned  at  the  end  of  three  vears. 
All  of  these  parties  were  accounted  good,  respectable  citizens. 

John  Marion  (Jhesiteif. 

(Jhesney  killed  a  negro  at  Abingdon,  Ivnox  county,  in  1873.  He 
was  indicted  for  murder  in  the  fall  and  a  change  of  venue  was 
taken  to  this  county,  where,  at  the  Decendier  term,  1873,  he  was 
acquitted. 

William  Odrll. 

Odell  was  indicted  for  murder  Aug.  1,  187o.  He  was  a  consta- 
ble and  lived  at  Havana,  Mason  county.  He  levied  upon  a  boat 
belonging  to  a  man  by  the  name  of  Patterson,  who  lived  near  the 
Copperas-creek  dam.  Patterson  was  a  bad  character  and  a  desper- 
ate man,  which  fact  was  known  to  Odell.  He  attem])ted  to  retake 
the  b(xit  from  Odell,  and  in  the  attempt  Odell  began  shooting  at 
him,  and  fired  four  times,  killing  him  instantly.  ()dell  was  tried  in 
tins  county  and  acquitted. 

Jonathan  B.  Berry. 

About  sundown  July  10,  1876,  Jonathan  B.Perry  shot  and  killed 
John  J.  liulicker,  of  Pleasant  township.  Berry  had  married  a 
widow  lady  named  Maggie  Shuman,  and  on  the  evening  of  the 
murder  Berry  was  whipping  one  of  her  boys ;   and  to  help  control 


314  HISTORY    OF    FULTOy    COUXTY. 

him  she  sent  one  of  her  sons,  Willie  Shnman,  a  boy  of  a  dozen  sum- 
mers, to  Mr.  Lalioker's,  who  lived  near,  for  assistance.  Mr.  L. 
hurried  over  according  to  the  request,  and  as  the  two  entered  the 
yard  Berry  warned  Lalicker  not  to  enter  the  house.  Berry  fired  at 
him  through  a  window  and  again  in  the  house,  one  of  the  shots 
proving  fatal,  killing  Lalicker  almost  instantly.  Berry  was  indicted 
at  the  August  term  of  Circuit  Court,  1876,  and  tried  at  the  Decem- 
ber term,  found  guilt\'  and  sent  to  the  penitentiary  for  ten  years. 
He  is  now  confined  there. 

liichrirf}  B.   Heather. 

In  1876,  Oct.  26,  Richard  B.  Heather  killed  S.  Peter  Jnhnson,  at 
Abingdon,  Knox  county.  His  bail  was  fixed  at  §15,0<X),  and  he  took 
a  change  of  venue  to  this  county,  was  tried  at  the  April  term  and 
convicted  of  manslaughter  and  sent  to  the  penitentiary,  but  the  fol- 
lowing Xovember  pardoned.  This  was  one  of  the  most  exciting 
trials  that  ever  occurred  in  the  county. 

Joseph   May  all. 

Mayall  and  AVillis  were  both  plasterers  by  occupation  and  resided 
in  Ipava.  It  appeared  that  \Vm.  Collier  had  a  job  of  plastering 
which  both  parties  wanted  to  do.  Finally  AVillis  was  awarded  the 
work,  which  Mayall  thought  was  obtained  by  defaming  him  a>s  a 
workman.  An  altercation  ensued  between  th«im.  Willis  had  a 
hatchet  in  his  hand  and  seemingly  made  some  movement  with  it 
toward  Mavall,  when  the  latter  said.  "  You  are  not  sroinii;  to  hit 
me  with  the  hatchet,  are  you  ?"  Willi*  threw  the  hatchet  down  and 
they  both  walked  toward  the  gate.  Upon  arriving  at  the  gate  ^layall 
pulled  out  a  knife  and  cut  Willis,  from  the  wound  of  which  he  died. 
Mayall  was  tried  at  the  December  term  of  the  Circuit  Court,  1876, 
and  acquitted. 

Jaeoh  Mabett. 

Mabes  was  indicted  for  murder  Sept.  1,  1877,  for  the  killing  <>f 
Br\-an  Daily,  in  Orion  township.  Both  men  were  intoxicated  and 
were  each  driving  a  wagon  along  the  road.  Mabes  tried  to  drive 
around  Daily,  which  the  latter  prevented.  He  then  struck  him  with 
a  missile,  the  blow  killing  Daily.  Mabes  was  admitted  to  bail 
Dec.  7,  1877,  the  amount  of  the  bond  being  S3,0<X).  He  wastried 
at  the  April  term  of  the  Circuit  Court,  1878,  and  found  "not 
guilty." 

/Stephen  Joy. 

At  Bernadotte,  about  5  o'clock  p.  m.,  Saturday,  July  19,  1879, 
Dr.  Sylvester  O.  Hall,  the  leading  physician  of  the  village,  met  his 
death  at  the  hands  of  Stephen  Joy,  an  old  and  respected  citizen, 
and  phenomenally  zealous  in  his  religion.  The  tacts  as  gleaned  from 
the  evidence  at  the  Coroner's  inquest,  the  trial  of  Joy  not  having 


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OF  THE 
UMVE^^ITY  Of  ILLINOIS 


HISTOEY    OF    FUI/rON    COUNTY.  317 

yet  occurred,  were  about  as  follows :  On  the  morning  of  the  mur- 
der Mr.  Joy  agreed  with  Dr.  Hall  that,  if  he  would  buy  a  pony 
offered  for  sale  by  Perry  Jones,  he  would  take  the  animal  off  his 
hands  at  $20  cash.  The  doctor  accordingly  made  the  trade,  took 
the  pony  to  Joy's  store  and  notified  him  that  the  animal  was  ready 
for  him.  Joy  told  him  to  hitch  the  animal  and  come  in,  which 
Hall  did.  Joy  hesitated  for  a  little  while  and  then  backed  squarely 
out  of  the  trade.  This  greatly  enraged  the  doctor  and  some  very 
bitter  words  passed,  resulting  in  the  doctor  commencing  a  suit 
against  Joy  for  damages.  The  trial  was  set  for  July  26,  before 
'Squire  Shipton.  All  this  occurred  before  noon.  The  parties  dis- 
cussed the  question  publicly  during  the  day,  and  the  very  air  seemed 
impregnated  with  bad  blood. 

Between  four  and  five  o'clock  in  the  afternoon  Hall  sauntered 
around  to  Joy's  store,  and  sat  down  upon  the  sidewalk  at  the  south- 
east corner  of  the  building,  while  Joy  occupied  a  bench  near  by. 
Hall  sat  several  inches  hnver  than  Joy  and  they  were  not  luore 
than  four  feet  apart.  Some  bitter  words  ensued,  when  Hall  called 
Joy  a  hard  name.  Joy  had  been  whittling  with  a  large  pocket 
knife,  and  at  this  moment  reversed  the  knife  quickly,  blade  down- 
ward, and  saying,  "This  must  be  settled,"  struck  a  quick  blow  at 
Hall's  bare  neck,  when  a  huge  stream  of  blood  spurted  eight  or  ten 
feet  away.  Hall  seized  his  neck  as  if  to  stay  the  blood,  and  said, 
"  He's  killed  me !  "  Within  five  minutes  after  the  stab  he  died. 
The  wound  severed  the  left  carotid  artery  and  jugular  vein.  Quite 
a  large  nund)er  of  })ersons  were  sitting  around  the  two  men  when 
the  tragedy  occurred,  and  the  blow  could  easily  have  been  stayed 
liad  there  been  any  suspicion  that  one  would  even  strike  the  other. 
But  it  was  all  done  in  a  Hash — in  the  twinkling  of  an  eye.  The 
cjiithct  uttered  by  Hall,  the  response  by  Joy,  and  the  instant  thrust 
with  the  knife, — all  took  ]>lace  while  the  disputants  were  rising  to  a 
half-standing  ])osition. 

Stephen  Joy  was  indicted  for  murder  August  21,  187 J),  and  his 
trial  ])ostponed.  Friday,  Septembei'  o,  1879,  Joy  was  brought  be- 
fore Judge  Shope,  on  a  writ  of  hahatx  corpaK,  to  have  an  examiu- 
ation  with  the  object  of  securing  his  bail.  After  a  very 
full  hearing  the  Judge  admitted  him  to  bail  in  the  sum  of  |25,OOr3, 
which  was  given,  and  the  trial  set  for  the  next  term  of  Court. 


2Q 


CHAPTER  X. 

PIONEER  LIFE. 

LOG  CABIN'S. 

We  shall,  in  this  t'liapter,  give  as  clear  and  exact  description  nf" 
pioneer  life  in  this  county,  as  \ve  can  find  language  to  picture  it  in, 
commencing  with  the  time  the  sturdy  settlers  first  arrived  ^itli  their 
scantv  stores.  They  had  migrated  from  older  States,  where  the 
prospects  for  even  a  com])etency  were  very  poor,  many  of  tlicm 
coming  from  Kentucky,  for,  it  is  sup])osed,  they  found  that  a  good 
State  to  emigrate  from.  Their  entire  stock  of  furniture,  imple- 
ments and  family  necessities  were  easily  stored  in  one  wagon,  and 
sometimes  a  cart  was  their  only  vehicle. 

As  the  first  thing  after  they  arrived  and  found  a  suitable  location, 
they  would  set  about  the  building  of  a  log  cabin,  a  descri})tion  of 
which  may  be  interesting  to  the  younger  readers,  and  esjiecially 
their  descendants,  who  may  never  see  a  structure  of  the  kind. 
Trees  of  uniform  size  were  selected  and  cut  into  pieces  of  the  de- 
sired length,  each  end  being  saddled  and  notched  so  as  to  bring  the 
logs  as  near  together  as  possible.  The  cracks  were  ''chinked  and 
daubed"  to  ])revent  tlie  wind  from  whistling  tiirough.  This  had  to 
be  renewed  every  fall  before  cold  weather  set  in.  The  usual  height 
was  one  story  of  about  .<even  or  eight  feet.  The  gal)les  were  made 
of  logs  gradually  shortened  up  to  the  top.  The  roof  wa>  made  by 
laying  small  logs  or  stout  ])oles  reaching  from  gal)le  to  gable,  suit- 
able distances  a])art,  on  which  were  laid  the  clapl)oards  after  the 
manner  of  shingling,  showing  tAvo  feet  or  more  to  the  weather.  The 
clapboards  were  fastened  l)y  laying  across  them  heavy  poles  called 
"weight  poles,"  reaching  from  one  gable  to  the  other,  being  kept 
apart  and  in  their  place  bv  laying  pieces  of  timber  between  them 
called  "runs,"  or  "knees."  A  wide  chimney  ])lace  was  cut  out  of 
one  end  of  the  cabin,  the  chimnev  standinu-  entirelv  outside,  and 
l)uilt  of  rived  sticks,  laid  up  cob-house  fashion,  and  filled  with  elay, 
or  built  of  stone,  often  using  two  or  three  cords  of  stone  in  building 
one  chimney.  For  a  window  a  piece  about  two  feet  long  was  cut  out 
of  one  of  the  wall  logs,  and  the  hole  closed,  sometimes  with  glass 
but  oftener  with  greased  paper  pasted  over  it.  A  doorway  was  also 
cut  through  one  of  the  walls,  and  the  door  was  made  of  spliced  clap- 
boards and  hung  with  wooden  hinges.     This  was  opened  by  pull- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    fOFXTY.  ^,19 

iiig-  a  leather  latch-string  which  raised  a  wooden  latch  inside  the 
door.  For  security  at  night  this  latch-string:  was  pulled  in,  but  for 
frieuds  and  neighbors,  and  even  strangers,  the  "latch-string  was 
always  hanging  (nit,"  as  a  welcome.  In  the  interior,  upon  one  side, 
was  the  huge  tire-place,  large  enough  to  contain  a  back-log  as  big  as 
the  strongest  man  could  carry,  and  holding  enough  wood  to  supply 
an  ordinary  stove  a  week  ;  on  either  side  were  poles  and  kettles,  and 
over  all  a  mantle  on  which  was  placed  the  tallow  dip.  In  one  cor- 
ner stood  the  larger  bed  for  the  old  folks,  under  this  the  trundle- 
bed  for  the  children;  in  another  corner  stood  the  old-fashioned, 
large  spinning-wheel,  witli  a  smaller  one  by  its  side ;  in  another  the' 
pine  table,  around  which  the  family  gathered  to  partake  of  their  plain 
food  ;  over  the  door  hung  the  ever  trustful  rifle  and  powder-horn  ; 
while  around  the  room  were  scattered  a  few  splint-bottomed  chairs 
and  three-legged  stools;  in  one  corner  was  a  rude  cupboard  holding 
the  table  ware,  which  consisted  of  a  few  cups  and  saucers  and  blue- 
edged  plates,  standing  singly  on  their  cd:ges  against  the  back,  to 
make  the  display  of  table  furniture  more  conspicuous. 

These  simple  cabins  were  inhabited  by  a  kind  and  true-hearted 
peojdc.  They  were  strangers  to  mock  modesty,  and  the  traveler, 
seeking  lodgings  for  the  night  or  desirous  of  spending  a  few  days  in 
the  conununity,  if  willing  to  accept  the  rude  offering,  was  always 
welcome,  although  how  they  were  disposed  of  at  night  the  reader 
may  not  easily  imagine;  f>r,  as  described,  a  single  room  was  made 
to  serve  the  purpose  of  kitchen,  dining-room,  sitting-room,  bed- 
room, and  parlor,  and  many  families  consisted  of  six  or  eight  mem- 
bers. Soon  finer  and  more  costly  buildings  were  erected.  Mr. 
Swan  in  his  History  of  Canton  describes  the  first  frame  building 
erected  in  that  city  as  follows : 

"The  first  frame  house  erected  on  grounds  now  within  the  j)res- 
cnt  city  limits  was  l)uilt  for  Deacon  Nathan  Jones,  in  the  spring  of 
1S30.  Isaac  Swan  was  the  'boss  carpenter,'  and  was  aided  by  the 
deacon.  This  building  is  still  standing,  on  the  south  side  of  Jones 
street,  between  Wood  and  Lewistown  streets,  and  is  now  occupied 
by  Mrs.  Dean.  It  is  a  two-story  frame  house.  The  frame,  of  the 
'  old-fashit>ned '  variety,  was  built  without  any  sawed  stufl';  the 
joists  and  studding  being  split  out  of  heavy  tind)er,  the  sills  and 
plates  hewed,  and  the  weather-boarding  of  split  boards,  shaved.  The 
weather-boarding  was  not  jointed,  but  the  ends  of  the  clapboards 
were  shaved  thin  and  la})ped.  The  roof  was  laid  with  split  and 
shaved  oak  shingles.  The  floor,  door-frames,  corner-boards  and 
stairs,  were  alone  of  sawed  hunber.  When  the  carpenters  had  fin- 
ished their  work,  Mrs.  Jones  took  the  job  of  painting,  and  did 
quite  a  respectable  job,  too,  painting  it  Venetian  red.  This  house 
was  considered  the  most  stylish  in  the  country.  As  Deacon  Jones 
was  Postmaster  and  kept  the  postoflice  at  his  house,  it  became  the 
place  of  resort  for  the  most  intelligent  of  the  pioneers,  who  would 
congregate  here  and  discuss  educational  and  religious  topics.     This 


320  HISTORY    OF    P^ULTON    COUNTY. 

building  was  not  on  the  original  town  plat,  however,  being  then 
considered  out  of  town.  The  first  frame  erected  on  the  original 
town  site  was  built  in  1831,  and  was  the  property  of  Joel  Wright. 
This  building  was,  in  fact,  but  an  addition  to  an  already  existing 
cabin.  Isaac  Swan  was  also  the  builder  of  this.  It  was  occupied 
bv  Mr.  Wright  as  a  store-room,  and  was  situated  on  the  southeast 
corner  of  Wood  and  Illinois  streets.  This  building  is  still  stand- 
ing, but  has  been  removed  from  its  original  site,  and  is  now  standing 
on  First  street,  between  Illinois  and  Cole  streets.  It  was  occupied 
until  recently  by  David  Will,  as  a  wagon-maker's  shop." 

SELEC'TIOX    OF    PIOMES. 

For  a  great  many  years  but  few  thought  it  advisable  to  attempt 
farming  on  the  })rairie.  To  many  of  them  the  cultivation  of  the 
prairies  was  an  untried  experiment,  and  it  was  the  prevailing  opin- 
ion that  the  timber  would  soon  bec(une  very  scarce, — a  fear  soon 
proven  to  be  without  foundation.  Another  obstacle  that  was  in 
the  way  for  a  great  many  years,  was  that  no  plows  suitable  for 
breaking  the  prairie  land  could  be  had.  The  sod  was  very  much 
tougher  then  tiian  it  was  in  after  years  when  the  stock  had  ]iastured 
the  prairies  and  killed  out  the  grass  to  some  extent.  It  would  be 
astonishing  to  the  younger  residents  to  see  the  immense  crops  of 
prairie  grass  that  grew  u})on  the  fields  which  are  to-day  in  such  a 
high  state  of  cultivation.  It  grew  in  places  six  to  twelve  feet  high. 
It  was  these  immense  crops  of  grass  that  furnished  the  fuel  for  the 
terrible  fires  that  swept  over  the  j)rairies  during  the  fall.  Then, 
again,  there  was  so  nuich  of  the  prairie  land  that  was  considered 
too  wet  to  be  ever  suitable  for  cultivation.  Many  of  the  older  set- 
tlers now  living  well  remember  when  farms  that  are  now  in  th<> 
highest  state  of  cultivation  were  a  vast  swam]).  There  was  another 
draw'back  in  the  settlement  of  the  prairies,  and  that  was  the  great 
labor  and  cost  of  fencing.  But  the  princi[)al  reason  fx)r  locating  in 
the  tind)er  was  that  many  of  their  cabins  were  poor,  half-finished 
affairs,  and  protection  from  the  driving  storms  was  absolutely  re- 
quired. The  timber  also  sheltered  stock  until  such  times  as  sheds 
and  out-buildings  could  l)e  erected.  That  the  time  should  soon 
come  when  intelligent,  enterprising  farmers  would  see  that  their  in- 
terest lay  in  im)>roving  ])rairie  farms,  and  cease  clearing  fields, 
when  there  were  boundless  acres  presenting  no  obstacle  to  the  most 
perfect  cultivation,  argues  nothing  in  the  policy  of  sheltering  for  a 
tim(^  in  the  woods.  In  regard  to  the  pioneers  settling  along  the 
timber,  we  often  hear  remarks  made  as  though  the  selection  of  such 
locations  implied  a  lack  of  judgment.  Those  who  are  disposed  to 
treat  it  in  that  manner  are  asked  to  consider  carefully  the  above 
facts,  when  they  will  conclude  such  selection  argued  in  their  favor. 

Clearing  of  timber  land  was  attended  with  much  hard  labor.  The 
underbrush  M'as  grubl)ed  up,  piled  info  heaps  and  burned.  The  large 


HISTORY    OF    PTU/rOX    COUNTY.  821 

trees  were  in  many  cases  left  standing,  and  deadened  by  girdling. 
This  was  done  by  cutting  through  the  bark  into  the  wood,  generally 
through  the  "sap,"  all  around  the  trunk. 

MILLING. 

Not  the  least  of  the  hardshi})s  of  the  pioneers  was  the  procuring 
of  bread.  The  first  settlers  must  be  supplied  at  least  one  year  from 
other  sources  than  their  own  lands.  But  the  first  crops,  however 
abundant,  gave  only  partial  relief,  there  being  no  mills  to  grind  the 
grain.  Hence  the  necessity  of  grinding  by  hand  power,  and  manv 
families  were  poorly  provided  with  means  for  doing  this.  Another 
way  was  to  grate  the  corn.  A  grater  was  made  from  a  piece  of  tin, 
sometimes  taken  from  an  old,  worn-out  tin  bucket  or  other  vessel. 
It  was  thickly  perforated,  bent  into  a  semi-circular  form,  and  nailed, 
rough  side  upwards,  on  a  board.  The  corn  was  taken  in  the  ear 
and  grated  before  it  got  dry  and  hard.  Corn,  however,  was  eaten 
in  various  ways. 

Soon  after  the  country  became  more  generally  settled,  enterpris- 
ing men  were  readv  to  embark  in  the  millinii;  business.  Sites  alono; 
the  streams  were  selected  for  water-power.  A  person  looking  for  a 
mill-site  would  follow  up  and  down  the  stream  for  a  desired  loca- 
tion, and  when  found  he  would  go  before  the  County  Commis- 
sioners and  secure  a  writ  of  ad  (jiiod  (Janunivi.  This  would  enable 
the  miller  to  have  the  adjoining  land  officially  examined,  and  the 
amount  of  damage  by  making  a  dam  was  named.  Mills  being  such 
a  great  public  necessity,  they  were  permitted  to  be  located  ujion  any 
person's  land  where  the  miller  thought  the  site  desirable. 

BAND-MILL. 

John  Coleman  established  a  mill  nortli  of  the  Fairview  bridge. 
This  mill  was  celebrated  for  "  makino-  haste" — and  meal — "slowlv." 
It  was  said  that  it  ran  so  slow  that  the  dogs  were  in  the  habit  of 
chewing  in  two  the  band  while  the  mill  was  running,  when  Cole- 
man would  call  to  Jerry,  who  drove  the  team,  to  know  what  was  the 
matter;  and  Jerry  would  respond  that  the  "dod-durned  dogs  had 
chewed  the  band  in  two  again."  Jacob  Ellis  erected  a  water-mill 
between  Canton  and  Lewistown  about  1824,  which  did  a  good  busi- 
ness. He  erected  another  mill  near  Canton,  on  Big  Creek,  al)out 
1829-30. 

NATIVE    ANIMALS. 

The  wild  animals  infesting  this  county  at  the  time  of  its  settle- 
ment were  the  deer,  wolf,  bear,  wild-cat,  fox,  otter,  raccoon,  wood- 
chuck  or  ground-hog,  skunk,  mink,  weasel,  muskrat,  opossum,  rab- 
bit and  squirrel;  and  the  principal  feathered  game  were  the  quail, 
prairie-chicken,  and  wild  turkey.  Several  cf  these  animals  furnished 
meat  for  the  early  settlers ;  but  their  principal  meat  did  not  consist 


322  HISTORY    OF    FULTO>'    COUNTY. 

long  of  game.  Pork  and  poultrv  were  .soon  raised  in  abundance. 
The  wolf  was  the  most  troublesome  animal,  it  being  the  common 
enemy  of  the  sheep.  It  was  quite  difficult  to  protect  the  sheep  from 
their  ravages.  Sometimes  pigs  and  calves  were  also  victims  of  the 
wolf.  Their  howlings  in  the  night  would  often  keep  fomilies  awake, 
and  set  all  the  dogs  in  the  neighliorhood  to  barking.  Their  yells 
Avere  often  terrific.  Says  one  settler:  "  Suppose  six  boys,  having 
six  dogs  tied,  whipped  them  all  at  the  same  time,  and  you  Mould 
hear  such  music  as  two  wolves  would  make."  To  eifect  the  destruc- 
tion of  these  animals  the  county  authorities  oifered  a  bounty  for  their 
scalps ;  and,  besides,  big  hunts  were  inaugurated  for  their  destruction, 
and  "  wolf  hunts"  are  prominent  among  the  memories  of  the  early 
settlers.  Such  events  were  generally  turned  into  a  holiday,  and 
everA'body  that  could  ride  a  nag  or  stand  the  tramp  on  foot  joined  in 
the  deadly  pursuit.  A  large  circuit  was  generally  made  by  the 
hunters,  who  then  closed  in  on  every  side,  driving  the  hungry  wolves 
into  the  center  of  the  corral,  where  they  were  despatched.  The 
return  home  with  the  carcasses  was  the  signal  for  a  general  turn-out, 
and  these  "  pleasure  parties"  are  still  referred  to  by  old  citizens  a,< 
among  the  pleasantest  memories  of  early  life  in  Fulton  county. 
Many  a  hungry  wolf  has  been  run  down  on  the  prairies  where  now  is 
located  a  town  or  a  hue  farm  residence.  This  rare  old  pastime,  like 
much  of  the  early  hunting  and  tishing  the  pioneers  indulged  in  here, 
departed  at  the  appearance  of  the  locomotive. 

BEE-HUNTING. 

During  the  early  settlement  of  this  part  of  the  State,  one  of  the 
prevailing  customs  of  the  pioneers  was  "  bee-hunting,"  Often  a 
small  company  would  travel  many  miles  into  a  wild,  unsettled 
country,  in  search  of  the  sweet,  flavored  honey  of  the  wild  bee. 
Large  trees  containing  many  gallons,  and  often  a  barrel,  w'ere  fre- 
quently found  by  bee-hunters.  The  little,  busy  bees  would  be 
carefullv  watched  as  thev  flew  heavilv  laden  with  the  richest  extract 
of  the  flowers  that  were  purely  native  and  unknown  to  the  present 
generation.  They  always  took  a  "bee-line"  for  their  homes.  This 
was  a  correct  guide  to  the  sturdy  hunter,  who  had  studied  with  care 
the  ways  of  the  bee  and  by  their  knowledge  took  advantage  of  the 
little  insect.  Once  on  t  e  trail,  good  bee-hunters  were  almost  certain 
to  capture  the  rich  prize.  After  the  bee-tree  was  discovered  it  was 
no  trouble  to  get  possession  of  the  honey.  The  tree  was  felled,  and 
the  hunters  would  rush  for  their  booty  ere  it  was  lost  by  running 
out  upon  the  ground. 

MANNERS    AND    CUSTOMS. 

The  pioneer  was  more  freely  and  heartily  social  with  his  friends, 
and  cold  toward  his  enemies,  than  we  seem  to  be  at~the  present  day  ; 
and  he  showed  Mhat  race  he  belonged  to  by  his  efforts  to  establish 
religious,  philanthropic  and    educational    institutions.     The  young 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  32.3 

folks,  we  have  no  doubt,  found  many  ways  of  robbing;  old  Time  of 
loneliness.  It  would  be  unfair  to  suppose  them,  especially  the 
ladies,  destitute  of  fashionable  aspirations,  but  the  means  for  gaudy 
display  were  very  much  eircumscril)ed  in  those  days.  The  male 
attire  consisted  chietly  of  buckskin,  or  homespun  cloth, —  we  might 
add  home-woven,  the  loom  being  tar  more  common  in  or  near  their 
rude  huts  than  the  piano  or  organ.  They  were  not,  however,  desti- 
tute of  musical  taste,  and  many  of  their  vocal  performances  would 
compare  favorably  with  our  present  choirs.  We  may  safely  say 
they  sang  with  the  spirit.  Most  of  the  ladies,  also,  wore  homespun, 
which  they  manufactured  from  wool,  flax,  cotton,  and  the  bark  or 
lint  of  the  nettle,  colored  with  such  ingredients  as  nature  provided, 
without  the  aid  of  art.  A  few  even  adopted  buckskin.  How  many 
yards  of  the  latter  article  were  required  for  a  fashionable  dress  in 
those  times,  or  in  what  particular  style  it  was  cut  and  trimmed,  we 
are  not  informed,  and  must  leave  the  ladies  to  draw  their  own  con- 
clusions. These  dresses  certainly  were  durable,  and  shielded  the 
wearer  in  out-door  exercises  incident  to  the  planting,  attending  and 
gathering  of  crops,  in  which  pursuit  the  ladies  in  all  new  couutries 
assist. 

Another  of  the  prevailing  fashions  was  that  of  carrying  fire- 
arms, made  necessary  by  the  presence  of  roving  bands  of  Indians, 
most  of  whom  were  ostensibly  friendly,  but  like  Indians  in  all 
times,  treacherous  and  unrelial)le.  These  tribes  were  principally 
Pottawatomies.  There  were  also  in  the  northern  part  of  the  State 
several  tribes  of  hostile  Indians,  ready  at  any  time  to  make  a  mur- 
derous, thieving  raid  upon  the  white  settlers ;  and  an  Indian  war 
at  any  time  was  an  accepted  prol)ability  ;  and  these  old  settlers  to- 
day have  vivid  recollections  of  the  Black  Hawk  and  other  Indian 
wars.  And,  while  target  practice  was  nuich  indulged  in  as  an 
amusement,  it  was  also  necessary  for  a  ])roper  self-defense,  the 
settlers  finding  it  necessary  at  times  to  carry  their  ji-uns  with  them 
when  they  went  to  hoe  their  corn.  In  some  instances  their  guns 
were  stacked  in  the  field  and  the  laborers  worked  for  a  certain  dis- 
tance around  them,  and  then  moved  the  guns  to  a  certain  position 
and  again  proceeded  with  their  work. 

These  were  only  a  few  of  the  hardships  incident  to  pioneer  life, 
which  was  largely  made  up  of  privations,  inconveniences  and  dan- 
gers. They  had  few  labor-saving  machines  and  no  reliable  markets. 
Even  communication  by  letter  with  their  distant  friends  and  rela- 
tives was  rendered  difficult  for  want  of  proper  mail  facilities,  and 
sometimes  for  the  want  of  money  to  pay  the  postage  on  the  letters 
sent  to  them, — the  postage  then  being  twenty-five  cents  for  a  single 
letter,  many  of  which  remained  in  the  office  for  weeks  on  account 
of  the  inability  of  the  persons  addressed  to  pay  the  postage. 


324  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUIsTY. 

PEEACHIXG    OF    THE    GOSPEL. 

The  early  settlers  were  not  entirely  without  preaching.  Says  an 
old  pioneer  on  this  subject:  "The  ministers  of  the  Gospel  of  the 
Savior  of  the  Avorkl  hunted  us  up  and  preached  to  what  few  there 
were  ;  therefore  we  did  not  degenerate  and  turn  heathen,  as  anv 
community  will  where  the  sound  of  the  gospel  is  never  heard.  I 
shall  not  give  their  names,  though  sacred  in  memory,  for  they  were 
not  after  the  fleece,  but  after  the  flock,  because  they  had  but  little 
to  say  about  science  and  philosophy,  but  spoke  of  purer  things." 

EDUCATIOX. 

Though  struggling  under  the  pressure  of  poverty  and  privation, 
the  early  settlers  planted  among  them  the  school-house  at  the  ear- 
liest practicable  period.  So  important  an  object  as  the  education  of 
their  children  they  did  not  defer  until  they  could  btiild  more  come- 
ly and  convenient  houses.  They  were  for  a  time  content  with  such 
as  corresponded  with  their  rude  dwellings,  but  soon  better  build- 
ings and  accommodations  were  provided.  As  may  readily  be  sup- 
posed, the  accommodations  of  the  earliest  schools  were  not  good. 
Sometimes  school  was  taught  in  a  small  log  house  erected  for  the 
purpose.  Stoves  and  such  heating  apparatus  as  are  now  in  use  were 
unknown.  A  mud-and-stick  chimney  in  one  end  of  the  building, 
with  earthen  hearth  and  fire-place  wide  and  deep  enough  to  take  in 
a  four-foot  back-log,  and  smaller  wood  to  match,  served  for  warm- 
ing purposes  in  winter  and  a  kind  of  conservatory  in  summer.  For 
windows,  part  of  a  log  was  cut  out  in  either  side,  and  may  be  a 
few  lights  of  eight-by-ten  glass  set  in,  or  just  as  likely  as  not  the 
aperture  would  be  covered  Avith  greased  paper.  Writing  benches 
were  made  of  wide  planks,  or  likely  puncheons,  resting  on  pins  or 
arms,  driven  into  two-inch  aus^er-holes,  bored  into  the  logs  beneath 
the  windows.  Seats  were  made  out  of  puncheons,  and  flooring  of 
the  same  material.  Everything  was  rude  and  plain ;  but  many  of 
America's  greatest  men  have  gone  out  from  just  such  school-houses 
to  grapple  with  the  world  and  make  names  for  themselves,  and 
have  come  to  be  an  honor  to  their  coiuitry.  Among  these  we 
can  name  Abraham  Lincoln,  our  martyred  President,  one  of  the 
noblest  men  ever  known  to  the  world's  history.  Stephen  A.  Doug- 
las, one  of  the  greatest  statesmen  of  the  age,  began  his  career  in 
Illinois  teaching  in  one  of  these  primitive  school-houses. 

James  H.  Murphy,  who  taught  school  at  Canton  in  an  early  day, 
will  probably  remember  the  time  he  was  asked  for  a  holiday  by  his 
scholars  and  he  refused  to  grant  it.  The  following  morning  four 
of  his  scholars,  J.  L.  ^Murjihy  and  three  Fenton  lioys,  went  to 
the  school-house  quite  early,  entered,  locked  and  barred  the  door, 
and  refused  the  teacher  admittance  when  he  came,  ludess  he  would 
grant  them  the  desired  holiday.  He  expostulated,  but  the  boys 
Avere  obdurate.     He  resorted   t<»  the  chimney,  covering  the  top  ot 


HISTORY    OF    FTiLTOX    f'OUXTY.       .  :125 

smoke  the  boys  out,  but  this  proved  useless.  Fiually  he  broke 
through  a  window  and  eifected  an  entrance,  when  the  boys  pitched 
into  him  and  proved  the  stronger.  They  bound  him  with  ropes, 
yet  he  wouki  not  promise  the  holiday.  At  last  they  threatened  to 
duck  him  in  a  pond  that  was  near  unless  he  promised.  This  was 
to  severe  for  him ;  so  he  yielded  and  gave  the  school  the  holiday. 

But  all  these  things  are  changed  now.  We  no  longer  see  log 
school-liouses.  Their  places  are  filled  with  handsome  frame  or 
brick  structures,  which  for  elegance  and  beauty  of  design  rival 
those  of  older-settled  countries;  and  in  place  of  the  "masters," 
who  were  "  looked  up  to  "  as  su])eri()r  beings,  and  were  consulted 
on  all  matters  of  law,  physic  and  religion,  there  are  teachers  of 
liberal  culture,  intelligent  and  ])rogressive,  many  of  whom  have  a 
broad  and  comprehensive  idea  of  education,  and  regard  their  labor 
as  something  more  than  teaching  merely  in  order  to  make  a  living, 
— more  than  a  knowledge  of  a  great  number  of  facts  in  the  uni- 
verse of  mind  and  matter.  It  means  culture,  the  educating,  devel- 
oping and  disci])lining  of  all  the  faculties  of  the  human  mind.  It  is 
the  comprehension  of  the  entire  being  of  liian  ;  and  the  school  or 
teacher  who  takes  charge  and  care  of  the  young  should  provide 
the  means  and  methods  for  carrying  forward  the  process  in  all 
departments  of  their  comjilex  natures,  physical,  mental  and 
s])iritual. 

MARKETS. 

The  earliest  settlers  of  the  county  went  to  St.  Louis  with  what 
little  produce  they  had  to  sell,  and  the  merchants  bought  all  their 
goods  in  that  city.  Soon,  however,  Peoria  became  a  market,  and  pro- 
duce was  wagoned  to  that  city  and  from  there  sent  south  on  the  river. 
There  was  at  that  time  no  sale  for  corn,  or  comparatively  none,  and 
wheat  would  bring  but  a  small  price;  so  that  really  there  was  no 
impetus  given  to  the  raising  of  grain  of  any  sort,  except  for  home 
consum])tion,  until  the  advent  of  the  railroad.  At  that  time  improev- 
ment  began.  The  great  resources  of  the  county  which  had  scarcely 
supplied  more  than  home  demand  were  then  turned  to  supply  the 
wants  of  thousands.  That  occasion,  the  advent  of  railroads,  was 
the  commencement  of  agricultural  development.  It  was  the  com- 
mencement of  the  manufacturing  institutions  the  county  can  now 
boast  of;  it  was  the  building  of  her  thriving  cities  and  towns ; 
indeed  it  was  the  beginning  of  ])rogress. 

One  of  tlje  earliest  steam-boats  in  the  Illinois-river  trade  was  the 
steamer  "  Exchange,"  which  plied  l)etween  St.  Louis  and  Peoria. 
She  was  familiarly  known  as  "the  Shingle  Weaver,"  so  called  from 
the  fact  of  her  carrying  upon  her  hurricane  deck  a  machine  for  cut- 
ting shingles,  which  was  operated  by  the  machinery  of  the  boat, 
cutting  whenever  the  boat  was  in  motion.  Shingle  timber  w(tuld 
be  obtained  at  the  wood-yards  along  the  river,  and  market  found 
for  the  manufactured   goods   either  at  St.  Louis  or  Peoria.     This 


328  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

boat  was  an  especial  favorite  with  the  people  of  tins  county,  many  of 
whom  would,  when  desiring  to  take  a  trip  by  river,  wait  for  her 
coming,  and  most  of  the  early  stocks  of  goods  were  shipped  on  her ; 
she  also  carried  most  of  the  county's  "beeswax"  and  other  products 
to  their  market. 

"  When  the  iirst  settlers  came  to  the  wilderness,"  says  an  old  set- 
tler, "they  all  supposed  that  their  hard  struggle  would  be  principally 
over  after  the  first  year ;  but  alas !  we  looked  for  '  easier  times  next 
year '  for  about  ten  years,  and  learned  to  bear  hardships,  privation 
and  hard  living  as  good  soldiers  do.  As  the  facilities  for  making- 
money  were  not  great,  we  lived  ])retty  well  satisfied  in  an  atmos- 
phere of  good,  social,  friendly  feeling,  and  thought  ourselves  as  good 
as  those  we  left  behind  when  we  emigrated  West." 

CHILLS  AND  FEVER. 

One  of  the  greatest  obstacles  to  the  early  settlement  and  prosper- 
ity of  this  county  was  the  "chills  and  fever,"  or  "ague,"  or  "  Illinois 
shakes,"  as  it  was  variously  styled.  This  disease  was  a  terror  to 
new  comers.  In  the  fill  of  the  year  everybody  was  afflicted  with 
it.  It  was  no  respecter  of  persons ;  everybody  shook  \yith  it,  and 
it  was  in  pvery  person's  system.  They  all  looked  pale  and  yellow 
as  though  they  were  frostbitten.  It  was  not  contagious,  but  was  a 
kind  of  miasma  floating  around  in  the  atmosphere  and  absorbed 
into  the  system.  It  continued  to  be  absorbed  from  day  to  day,  and 
week  to  week,  until  the  whole  body  corporate  became  charged  with 
it  as  with  electricity,  and  then  the  shock  came ;  and  the  shock  was  a 
regular  shake,  with  a  fixed  beginning  and  an  ending,  coming  on 
each  day,  or  each  alternate  day,  with  a  regularity  that  was  surpris- 
ing. After  the  shake  (^ime  the  fever,  and  this  "last  estate  was 
worse  than  the  first."  It  was  a  burning,  hot  fever  and  lasted  for 
hours.  When  you  had  the  chill  you  couldn't  get  warm,  and  when 
you  had  the  fever  you  couldn't  get  cool.  It  was  exceedingly  awk- 
ward in  this  respect ;  indeed  it  was.  Nor  would  it  sto])  for  any  sort 
of  contingency.  Not  even  a  wedding  in  the  family  would  stop  it. 
It  was  imperative  and  tyranni(!al.  When  the  appointed  time  came 
around  everything  else  had  to  be  stopped  to  attend  to  its  demands. 
It  didn't  even  have  any  Sunday  or  holidays.  After  the  fever  went 
down  you  still  didn't  feel  much  better.  You  felt  as  though  you  had 
g-one  throuo;h  some  sort  of  collision  and  came  out  not  killed  but 
badly  demoralized.  You  felt  weak,  as  though  you  had  run  too  far 
after  something,  and  then  didn't  catch  it.  You  felt  languid,  stupid 
and  sore,  and  was  down  in  the  mouth  and  heel  and  partially  raveled 
out,  so  to  speak.  Your  back  was  out  of  fix  and  your  appetite  was 
in  a  worse  condition  than  your  back.  Your  head  ached  and  your 
eyes  had  more  white  in  tiiem  than  usual,  and  altogether  you  felt 
poor,  disconsolate  and  sad.  You  didn't  think  much  of  yourself, 
and  didn't  believe  other  people  did  either,  and  you  didn't  care.    You 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  827 

didn't  think  much  of  suicide,  l)ut  at  the  same  time  you  almost 
made  up  your  mind  that  under  certain  circumstances  it  was  justi- 
fiable. You  imagined  that  even  the  dogs  looked  at  you  with  a 
kind  of  self-complacency.  You  thought  the  sun  had  a  kind  of 
sickly  shine  about  it.  About  this  time  you  came  to  the  conclusion 
that  you  would  not  accept  the  whole  State  of  Illinois  as  a  gift,  and 
if  you  had  the  strength  and  means,  you  jucked  up  Hannah  and  the 
baby  and  your  traps,  and  went  back  "yander  "  to  Injianny,  Ohio,  or 
old  Ka  in  tuck. 

'■  And  to-lay  the  swallows  flitting 

Rouml  my  rabin  see  nie  sitting 

Mocjilily  within  tiie  sunshine, 
Just  inside  my  silent  door, 

Waiting  for  the  '  ager,'  seeming 

Like  a  man  forever  dreaming ; 

And  the  sunlight  on  me  streaming- 
Throws  no  shadow  on  the  floor  ; 

For  I  am  too  thin  and  sallow 

To  make  shadows  on  the  floor — 
Nary  shadow  any  more  I  " 

The  above  is  no  picture  of  the  imagination.  It  is  simply  recount- 
ing ^vhat  occurred  in  hundreds  of  intances.  Whole  families  would 
some  times  be  sick  at  one  time,  and  not  one  member  scarcely  able  to 
wait  u})(m  another.  One  widow  lady  on  the  Illinois  river  informs 
us  that  she  lost  nine  children  from  this  dreaded  disease ! 

COOKING. 

To  witness  the  various  processes  of  cooking  in  those  days  would 
alike  surprise  and  amuse  those  who  have  grown  up  since  cooking- 
stoves  and  ranges  came  into  use.  Kettles  were  hung  over  the  large 
fire,  suspended  on  trammels  which  were  held  by  strong  poles.  The 
long-handled  frying-pan  was  used  for  cooking  meat.  It  was  held  on 
the  fire  by  hand;  or,  to  save  time,  the  handle  was  laid  across  the 
back  of  a  chair.  This  pan  was  also  used  for  baking  short-cake.  A 
better  article  was  a  cast-iron  spider,  which  was  set  upon  coals  on 
the  hearth.  But  the  best  thing  for  baking  bread  was  the  flat-bot- 
tomed bake-kettle,  of  greater  dej)th,  with  closely  fitting  cast-iron 
cover,  and  commonly  known  as  the  "  Dutch  oven."  With  coals 
over  and  under  it  l)read  and  biscuit  would  quickly  and  nicely  bake. 
Turkeys  and  spare-ribs  were  sometimes  roasted  before  the  fire,  sus- 
pended by  a  string,  a  dish  lacing  ])laeed  underneath  to  catch  the 
dri})pings. 

IMPLEMENTS. 

The  agricultural  implements  used  by  the  first  farmers  here  would 
in  this  age  of  improvement  be  great  curiosities.  The  plow  used 
was  called  the  bar-share  plow.  The  iron  point  consisted  of  a  bar 
of  iron  about  two  feet  long,  and  a  broad  share  of  iron  welded  to  it. 
At  the  extreme  point  was  a  coulter  that  passed  through  a  beam  six 
or  seven  feet  long,  to  which  were  attached  handles  of  eorresjiond- 


328  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

ing  length.  The  mold-board  was  a  wooden  one  split  out  of  wind- 
ing timber,  or  hewed  into  a  winding  shape  in  order  to  turn  the  soil 
over.  Sown  seed  was  bruslied  in  by  dragging  over  the  ground  a 
sap])ling  with  a  bushy  top.  Tn  harvesting  the  change  is  most  strik- 
ing. Instead  of  the  reapers  and  mowers  of  to-day,  the  sickle  and 
cradle  were  used.  The  grain  was  threshed  with  a  flail,  or  trodden 
out  by  horses  or  oxen. 

avomp:n's  w^ork. 

The  men  were  not  called  upon  to  endure  alone  all  the  hardships 
and  labor  of  frontier  life.  The  women  also  had  their  physical  labor 
to  perform,  and  much  of  it  was  quite  arduous.  Spinning  was  one 
of  the  common  household  duties.  This  exercise  is  one  which  few 
of  the  present  generation  of  girls  have  ever  enjoyed.  The  wheel 
used  for  s})inning  flax  was  called  the  "  little  wheel,"  to  distinguish 
it  from  the  "  big  wheel "  used  for  spinning  yarn.  These  stringed 
instruments  furnished  the  principal  music  of  the  family,  and  were 
operated  by  our  mothers  and  grandmothers  with  great  skill,  attain- 
ed without  pecuniary  expense,  and  with  far  less  practice  than  is 
necessary  for  the  girls  of  our  period  to  acquire  a  skillful  use  of  their 
costly  and  elegant  instruments. 

The  loom  was  not  less  necessary  than  the  wheel.  Not  every 
house,  however,  in  which  spinning  was  done  had  a  loom ;  but  there 
were  always  some  in  each  settlement  who,  besides  doing  their  own 
weaving,  did  some  for  others.  Settlers,  having  succeeded  in  spite 
of  the  wolves  in  raising  sheep,  commenced  the  manufacture  of 
woolen  cloth  ;  wool  was  carded  and  made  into  rolls  by  hand-cards, 
and  the  rolls  were  spun  on  the  "  big  wheel."  We  occasionally  find 
noAV,  in  the  houses,  of  the  old  settlers,  one  of  these  big  wheels, 
sometimes  used  for  spinning  and  twisting  stocking  yarn.  They  are 
turned  with'  the  hand,  and  with  such  velocity  that  it  will  run  itself 
while  the  nimble  worker,  by  her  backward  step,  draws  out  and 
twists  her  thread  nearly  the  whole  length  of  the  cabin.  A  common 
article  woven  on  the  loom  was  linsey,  also  called  linsey-woolsey,  the 
chain  being  linen  and  the  filling  woolen.  This  cloth  was  used  for 
dresses  for  the  girls  and  mothers.  Nearly  all  the  clothes  worn  by 
the  men  were  also  home-made.  Rarely  was  a  farmer  or  his  son  seen 
in  a  coat  made  of  any  other.  If,  occasionally,  a  young  man  appear- 
ed in  a  suit  of  "  boughten  "  clothes,  he  was  suspected  of  having 
gotten  it  for  a  particular  occasion,  which  occurs  in  the  life  of  nearly 
every  man. 

Not  until  the  settlers  had  supj)lie(l  themselves  with  the  more  use- 
ful articles  of  clothing  and  with  edibles  of  various  kinds,  did  wheat 
bread  become  a  common  article  of  food.  It  is  true  they  had  it 
earlier,  but  this  was  only  served  (Ui  extra  occasions,  as  when  visitors 
came,  or  on  Sundays ;  and  with  this  luxury  they  would  have  a  little 
"store   coffee."     "The   little  brown  jug"  found  a   place   in   almost 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  329 

every  '  liome,  and  -was  often  brought  into  use.  No  caller  was  per- 
mitted to  leave  the  house' without  an  invitation  to  partake  of  its 
contents. 

PLEASURES    OF    PIONEER    LIFE. 

The  historv  of  pioneer  life  generally  presents  the  dark  side  of  the 
picture;  but  the  toils  and  i)rivati()ns  of  the  early  settlers  were  not  a 
series  of  unmitigated  sufferings.  Xo  ;  for  while  the  fathers  and 
mothers  toiled  liard,  they  were  not  averse  to  a  little  relaxation,  and 
liad  their  seasons  of  fun  and  enjoyment.  They  contrived  to  do 
something;  to  break  the  monotony  of  their  daily  life  and  furnish 
them  a  good,  hearty  laugh.  Among  the  more  general  forms  of 
amusements  were  the  "  quilting-bee,"  "corn-husking,"  "apple-par- 
ino;,"  '' loff-rolling  "  and  "house-raising."  Our  young  readers  will 
doubtless  be  interested  in  a  description  of  these  forms  of  amuse- 
ment, when  labor  was  made  to  afford  fun  and  enjoyment  to  all  ])ar- 
ticipating.  The  "quilting-bee,"  as  its  name  implies,  was  when  the 
industrious  qualities  of  the  busy,  little  insect,  that  "improves  each 
shining  hour"  were  exemplified  in  the  manufacture  of  quilts  for  the 
household.  In  the  afternoon  ladies  for  miles  around  gathered  at  an 
a])pointe(l  ])lace,  and  while  their  tongues  would  not  cease  to  play, 
tlieir  hands  were  as  busily  engaged  in  making  the  quilt ;  and  desire 
was  always  manifested  to  get  it  out  as  quickly  as  possible,  for  then 
tlie  fun  would  begin.  In  the  evening  the  gentlemen  came,  and  the 
hours  would  then  pass  swiftly  by  in  playing  games  or  dancing. 
"  Corn-huskings  "  were  when  both  sexes  united  in  the  work.  They 
usually  assembled  in  a  large  barn,  which  was  arranged  for  the  oc- 
casion ;  and  when  each  gentleman  had  selected  a  lady  partner  the 
luisking  began.  When  a  lady  found  a  red  ear  she  was  entitled  to 
a  kiss  from  every  gentleman  jiresent ;  when  a  gentleman  found  on(» 
he  was  allowed  to  kiss  every  lady  present.  After  the  corn  was  all 
husked  a  good  supper  was  served ;  then  the  "  old  folks "  would 
leave,  and  the  remainder  of  the  evening  was  spent  in  the  dance  and 
in  having  a  general  good  time.  The  recreation  afforded  to  the 
young  people  on  the  annual  recurrence  of  these  festive  occasions 
was  as  highly  enjoyed,  and  quite  as  innocent,  as  the  amusements  of 
the  present  boasted  age  of  refinement  and  culture. 

Mr.  Swan  in  describing  the  pioneer  dwelling  and  habits  and  cus- 
toms, says : 

"  The  furniture  of  the  cabin  was  as  primitive  as  the  occupants. 
In  one  corner — perhaps  in  two  or  three  corners — were  the  bed- 
steads. These  were  your  genuine  'cottage  bedsteads,'  made  by  bor- 
ing one  hole,  say  four  feet  from  one  corner  of  the  cabin,  into  a 
'  house-log,'  another  hole,  say  six  feet  from  the  same  corner,  on 
another  side ;  opposite  these  holes  was  set  an  upright  post,  usually 
a  section. from  the  body  of  a  peeled  sapling;  in  this  post  two  holes 
would  be  bored  at  any  desired  height,  and  at  right  angles  Avith  each 
other ;  poles  were  inserted  in  these  holes,  making  in  this  manner  a 


330  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COFXTY. 

square  frame  ;  over  this  frame  was  laid  a  covering  of  clapboards,  or, 
as  some  denominated  them, 'shakes/ and  on  top  of  this  platform 
the  bed  was  spread.  The  chairs  were  not  exactly  chairs,  but 
three-legged  stools  or  puncheon  benches.  The  cupboard  was 
literally  a  cupboard,  being  a  puncheon  supported  by  pins  driven 
into  holes  in  the  house-log"^  at  some  convenient  corner.  The  boxes 
which  had  held  the  family  dry  goods  while  eii  rotife  to  the  new 
country  generally  furnished  the  table,  and  a  trough  or  troughs  the 
meat  and  soap  barrels.  Hollow  logs  sawed  into  sections  and  pro- 
vided with  a  puncheon  bottom  furnished  a  receptacle  for  meal, 
potatoes,  beans,  wheat,  '  and  sich  like  truck' — to  ukjc  the  pioneer 
vernacvdar.  The  table  Avas  bounteously  supplied  with  '  samp,'  '  ley 
hominy,'  '  corn  pone,'  honey,  venison,  pork,  stewed  pumpkin,  wild 
turkey,  ])rairie  chicken  and  other  game.  Wheat  l)rcad,  tea,  coffee, 
and  fruit — exce])t  wild  fruit — were  luxuries  not  to  be  indulged  in 
except  on  special  occasions,  as  a  wedding  or  gala  day.  'Samp'  was 
quite  a  frequent  dish.  It  was  made  by  burning  a  hole  into  some 
convenient  stump  in  the  shaj)e  of  a  mortar;  this  hole  was  filled 
with  corn  and  pounded  by  a  large  i»estle  hung  like  the  old-fashioned 
well-sweep  pendent  from  a  long  ])ole,  which  was  nearly  balanced  on 
an  ui)right  fork.  This  ])olc  had  a  weight  attached  to  one  end  and 
the  pestle  to  the  other;  the  weight  would  lift  the  pestle,  while  man- 
ual f)rce  was  expected  to  bi'ing  it  down.  When  the  '  sam]>'  wa'^ 
]»oun<led  sufHciently,  it  was  \\ashed  and  boiled  like  rice. 

"The  traveler  always  found  a  welc<tme  at  the  pioneer's  cabin.  It 
was  never  full ;  althcjugh  there  might  already  be  a  guest  for  every 
puncheon,  there  was  still  'room  f()r  one  more,' and  a  wider  circle 
would  be  made  for  the  new-comer  at  the  log  fire.  If  the  stranger 
was  in  search  of  land,  he  was  doubly  welcome,  and  his  host  would 
volunteer  to  show  him  all  the  'first-rate  claims  in  this  neck  of 
woods,'  going  with  him  for  days,  showing  the  corners  and  advan- 
tages of  everv  'Congress  tract'  within  a  dozen  miles  from  his  own 
cabin. 

"To  his  neighl)ors  the  pioneer  was  equally  liheral.  If  a  deer 
was  killed,  the  choicest  bits  were  sent  to  his  nearest  neighbor,  a 
half-dozen  miles  away,  perhaps.  When  a  'shoat'  was  butchered, 
the  same  custom  prevailed.  If  a  new-comer  came  in  too  late  for 
'cropping,'  the  neighbors  would  supply  his  table  with  just  the  same 
luxuries  they  themselves  enjoyed,  and  in  as  liberal  (piantity,  until  a 
a  crop  could  be  raised.  When  a  new-comer  had  located  his 
claim,  the  neighbors  for  miles  around  would  assemble  at  the  site  of 
the  new-comer's  proposed  cabin  and  aid  him  in  'gittin'  itu]).'  One 
partv  with  axes  Avould  fell  and  hew  the  logs ;  another  with  teams 
would  ha\d  the  logs  to  the  ground ;  another  party  would  'raise  the 
cabin';  while  several  of  the  old  men  would  'rive  the  clapboards'  for 
the  roof.  By  night  the  cabin  would  be  uj)  and  ready  for  occupying, 
and  by  the  next  day  the  new-comer  was  in  all  respects  as  well  situ- 
ated as  his  neighbors. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  331 

"Saturday  was  a  rcgnilar  holiday,  in  which  work  was  ijjnored  and 
everybody  went  t)  town  or  to  some  place  of  general  resort.  When 
all  were  together  in  town,  sport  began.  Of  course  Avhisky  circula- 
ted freely  and  every  body  indulged  to  a  greater  or  less  extent. 
(Quarrels  were  now  settled  by  hand-to-hand  encounters ;  wrestling- 
matches  came  off  or  were  arranged  for  the  future;  jumping,  foot- 
racing, and  horse-racing  filled  up  the  interval  of  time ;  and  every- 
body enjoyed  the  rough  sports  with  a  zest  unknown  among  the 
more  refined  denizens  of  the  present  good  city  of  Canton. 

"The  fleetest  runner  among  the  pioneers  was  Stephen  Coleman; 
the  champion  wrestler  was  Daniel  Babbett ;  while  at  fisti-cuffs  the 
belt  was  contested  for  between  Stephen  Coleman  and  Emsley  Fonts. 
C(deman  and  Fonts  were  nearly  equally  matched,  and  on  several 
occasions  waged  des])erate  war,  with  varying  fortunes,  until  thev 
held  their  last  great  battle,  which  will  never  be  forgotten  by  the 
pioneers.  It  was  on  election  day,  in  the  fall  of  1831.  For  weeks 
before  it  was  understood  that  they  were  to  fight.  On  election  day, 
accordingly,  they  met  on  Union  street,  in  front  of  Tyler's  Tavern, 
and,  surrounded  by  an  immense  crowd  of  their  respective  friends, 
proceeded  to  settle  their  difficulty.  The  fight  was  fierce,  long,  and 
bloody.  Coleman,  it  was  claimed,  struck  Fonts  before  he  was  en- 
tirely divested  of  his  coat,  and  bv  this  means  beo;an  with  the  ad- 
vantage  in  his  favor,  which  advantage  he  was  able  to  maintain  until 
Fonts,  after  a  gallant  struggle,  was  forced  to  yield.  Coleman's 
friends  raised  him  on  their  shoulders,  and  marched  with  him  a  tri- 
umphal march  to  the  j>ublic  square  and  back. 

"Fonts  was  defeated,  but,  as  he  believed,  not  fairly,  and  he  de- 
termined to  renew  the  contest  on  another  occasion.  This  was  also 
understood,  and  the  final  struggle  was  looked  forward  to  by  the 
settlers  with  even  more  expectant  interest  than  the  first.  Accord- 
ingly, a  few  weeks  later,  one  Saturday,  Fonts  came  to  town  for  the 
purpose  of  meeting  Coleman,  He  stopped  at  Dickev  Johnson's, 
where  he  left  his  coat  and  put  himself  in  fighting  trim.  Johnson 
accompanied  him  to  town  and  acted  as  his  friend  and  second.  Fonts 
soon  met  Coleman,  and  informed  him  that  he  had  come  to  town  ex- 
pressly to  settle  their  little  trouble.  Coleman  began  to  draw  his 
leather  coat,  but  before  it  Avas  ofi^  Fonts  took  the  same  advantage 
Coleman  had  taken  in  the  previous  fight,  and  struck  him.  This 
advantage  was  all  he  desired,  and  vigorously  did  he  follow  it  up. 
Coleman  was  not  easily  handled,  however,  and  soon  was  stripped 
and  in  fighting  trim.  The  fight  was  a  des])crate  one,  and  it  was 
soon  apparent  that  neither  would  acknowledge  defeat.  Fonts,  how- 
ever, had  so  well  followed  up  his  advantage  that  Coleman's  friends 
parted  them,  and  ever  after  neither  could  be  induced  to  attack  the 
other. 

"Foot-racing,  jumping,  and  wrestling  were  also  indulged  in  on 
Saturdays,  and  among  the  pioneers  were  men  of  .fleet  foot,  strong- 
arm,  and  sinewy  limb,     John  Anderson,  a  saddler  who  worked  for 


332 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUXTY. 


Bryant  L.  Cook,  was  credited  with  the  fleetest  foot  prior  and  up  to 
the  storm  of  1835 ;  while  Alexander  Cumming,  a  brother-in-law  of 
Jacob  Weaver,  was  said  to  excel  all  others  in  juni2:)in!u:;.  In  1830 
and  immediately  succeeding  years  John  Scurlock  and  Abram  Put- 
man  were  the  champion  runners,  and  Putman  the  champion  jumper. 
Occasionally  the  sport  Mould  be  varied  by  a  horse-race,  while 
whisky  and  jokes  were  freely  indulged  in.  Some  of  these  pioneers 
were  rare  old  jokers,  too.  The  point  of  their  jokes  would  some 
times  rub  a  raw  place  in  their  victim,  but  for  that  so  much  the 
better." 


^ 


V" 


PUTMAN  Tf  ^ 


LEE    TP 


-oC^J^"^ 


OF  THE 
UMVfHSlTY   Of   ILLINOIS. 


CHAPTER  XI. 


ARCHAEOLOGY. 


Perhaps  no  district  of  country  in  the  West  contains  more  of  the 
traces  of  that  mysterious  pre-historic  people  known  to  us  only  as 
the  "Mound-Builders"  than  does  Fulton  county.  There  is  not  a 
township  of  land  in  the  county  which  does  not  contain  more  or  less 
of  these  traces,  and  in  some  of  them  arc  works  which  in  extent  and 
character  will  compare  with  any  in  the  West. 

These  works  of  the  Mound-Builders  here  are  of  four  different 
classes:  1.  Mounds,  varying  in  size  from  two  or  three  feet  in 
diameter  to  immense  pyramids,  like  one  near  Waterford,  containing 
over  an  acre  of  ground,  and  of  an  altitude  of  over  forty  feet  in  its 
original  condition,  and  the  one  in  Otter  Creek  Valley  near  Otto, 
which  looks  in  the  distance  like  an  immense  hay-rick  and  is  over 
two  hundred  feet  long  and  between  forty  and  fifty  feet  high  ;  2. 
Excavations  usually  circular,  in  regular  lines  in  most  cases,  some 
small,  others  of  great  size  and  considerable  depth ;  3.  Regular  for- 
tifications, square,  elliptical,  or  following  the  accidental  configura- 
tion of  the  ground ;  4.  Terraced  hills. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  pre-historic  points  in  the  county  is 
located  on  sections  31  and  32  in  Kerton  township.  Here,  on  the 
summit  of  a  high  blulf,  is  a  field  on  the  land  of  a  Mr.  Fisher,  knoAvn 
as  the  "  Mound  field,"  containing,  perhaps,  twenty-five  acres,  that 
may  properly  be  called  a  city  of  the  dead.  In  this  field  there  is  a 
level  space  of  five  or  six  acres  enclosed  by  two  rows  of  circular, 
cup-shaped  depressions,  inside  of  which  is  one  large  mound  which 
must  originally  have  been  thirty  or  forty  feet  high.  To  the  south 
of  this  level  the  bluff"  line,  with  its  indentations,  forms  the  border 
of  the  field,  and  here  are  the  remains  of  not  less  than  one  hundred 
and  fifty  thousand  human  beings  buried  literally  by  the  cord ! 
Where  the  bluff"  begins  to  descend,  it  appears  as  though  a  step  had 
been  cut  with  the  bluff  face  not  less  than  ten  feet  high,  and  here 
were  corded  skeletons  laid  as  one  would  cord  wood,  but  with  the 
bodies  arranged  just  as  one  would  preserve  the  level  of  the  file 
best  without  regard  to  direction.  This  burial  place  follows  the 
bluff'  line  for  some  distance,  where  the  skeletons  appear  to  have 
been  covered  by  a  peculiar  light-colored  clay,  which  must  have  been 
brought  from  a  considerable  distance,  as  it  is  not  found  in  the  locali- 
ty.    There  are  also  two  pits  near  the  brow  of  the  bluff  on  the  side- 

21 


336  lllriTOliV    OF    FLLTUN    COUNTY. 

hill,  which  appear  to  have  been  (triginally  about  forty  feet  in  diam- 
eter and  of  jjreat  depth,  which  have  been  walled  uj)  i)v  placing 
skeletons  around  the  outside,  as  one  would  wall  a  well,  coveriui:  the 
work  with  the  same  clay  as  in  the  other  burial  place.  These  skele- 
tons are  excellently  preserved,  in  many  cases  the  smallest  processes 
of  bone  beini;  in  as  sound  a  condition  as  though  buried  but  a  year 
ago.  Over  the  entire  surface  of  this  field — which  is  in  cultivation 
— the  human  hand  canu.tt  l)e  placed  without  ])lacing  it  on  broken 
pottery,  bones  or  shells. 

At  one  point  near  the  large  mound  an  area  of  about  two  acres, 
which  is  evidently  a  "  kitchen  midden,"  or  refuse  heap,  covered 
with  broken  j)ieces  of  the  bones  of  animals,  broken  household  uten- 
sils and  broken  tools,  to  a  considerable  dej)th.  In  this  refuse  heap 
are  the  bones  of  nearly  every  animal  known  to  have  inhabited  this 
country.  Back  of  the  square  spoken  of  are  a  considerable  num- 
ber of  ordinary  mounds,  arranged  without  much  regard  to  order. 

Just  oi)posite  and  north  of  Duncan's  mill,  on  the  north  blufP  of 
Spoon  river,  are  extensive  and  in  many  respects  singular  remains 
extending  for  two  or  three  miles.  After  leaving  the  Spoon  river 
bridge  going  north  on  the  Lewistown  road,  one  observes  running 
nearly  parallel  witii  the  j)resent  road  what  ai)|)ears  to  be  an  old  dis- 
used road  going  up  the  bluil'.  A  closer  inspection  discloses  a  ridge 
of  earth  several  feet  in  height,  extending  from  near  the  foot  of  the 
blutf  to  very  near  the  summit,  with  a  dei)ression  running  j)arallel 
with  it.  On  the  crown  of  the  blutit'  are  mounds  of  earth. built  out 
from  the  brow  of  the  hill,  not  elevated  above  the  surface  level  but  as 
though  they  were  dumps  of  earth  for  some  projected  railroad.  These 
mounds  continue  close  together  for  nearly  a  mile;  on  the  blutf 
back  of  them  runs  a  low  ridge  of  earth  which  follows  the  tortuous 
outline  of  (he  bluff,  and  still  back  of  this  ridge  circular  depressions, 
some  of  which  are  fully  fifty  feet  in  diameter  and  from  three  to  five 
feet  deep.  Xear  this  line  of  works  is  a  low  natural  ridge  on  the  top 
of  which  an  earth-work  exists,  being  an  artificial  atldition  to  the 
ridge,  building  it  uj)  for  a  distance  of  two  hundred  yards,  fully 
thirty  feet  higher  than  the  natural  elevation  of  the  ridge.  From 
the  north  end  of  this  ridge  the  same  class  of  uKUinds  and  embank- 
ment spoken  of  again  apjH'ar,  extending  nearly  a  mile  further  uj)  the 
river  bluff. 

In  these  mounds — which  are  in  the  woods — considerable  excavat- 
ing has  l)cen  done  in  a  desultory  way,  and  many  objects  of  interest 
exhumed,  among  which  are  wedges  of  hardened  copper, — stone 
turned  into  the  shaj)e  of  a  sleeve-button  with  a  long  shank,  and 
plated  with  (!oj)j)cr  as  skillfully  as  a  modern  jeweler  could  jdate  with 
silver.  These  works  do  not  apjK^ar  to  have  been  purely  (lefensive, 
as  but  few  imi)lcments  of  warfare  are  found  in  or  al)out  them,  while 
domestic  tools  and  implements  of  peace  are  found  in  great  abund- 
ance. 

In    Bernadotte  township  on   the  Dyckes  farm  is  a  low  hill,  ellip- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  337 

tical  ill  form,  which  is  terraced  in  a  .singular  manner.  All  around 
the  side  of  the  hill  at  the  same  elevation  is  a  terrace  perhaps  twelve 
feet  wide,  and  rising  from  this  a  second  terrace  about  four  feet  high. 
These  terraces  are  uniform,  of  the  same  height,  width  and  grade, 
with  places  on  the  upper  terrace  where  the  hill  has  been  leveled  back 
a  few  feet  in  a  circular  form.  Near  this  terraced  hill  are  the  remains 
of  ancient  pottery  works,  the  mis-shaped  and  over-burned  fragments 
filling  the  side  of  a  hill  fn-  an  area  of  one  or  two  acres.  North  of 
the  village  of  Bernadotte  about  one  mile  there  is  an  elliptical  ditch 
which  appears  to  have  been  a  fortification,  containing  within  the 
ditch  fifty  or  sixty  acres  of  ground.  This  ditch,  although  the  plow 
has  aided  in  filling  it  for  years,  is  still  quite  deep  and  clearly  defined. 
Near  this  place  a  stone  was  observed  projecting  from  the  earth,  and 
parties  guided  by  the  dictum  of  a  spiritual  medium  dug  it  up  expect- 
ing to  find  buried  treasure  under  it;  but  did  find  a  flat  stone  hearth 
at  a  depth  of  several  feet,  on  which  were  fragments  of  burned  wood 
and  charcoal,  showing  that  it  had  been  used  for  fire. 

At  AVaterford  and  in  its  vicinity  are  a  great  many  ancient  mounds, 
one  of  which  is  pyramidal  with  a  road  up  the  east  side.  There 
are  also  several  ancient  burial  places  near  here,  but  none  on  so 
extensive  a  scale  as  that  in  Kerton  township. 

Liverpool  township  is  also  rich  in  pre-historic  remains,  including 
several  very  large  mounds  ;  and  some  artificial  hill  terraces  at  Pol- 
litt's  farm  above  the  plank  road,  one  on  quite  an  extensive  scale. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  archaeological  relics  in  this  county  are 
the  ancient  furnaces,  evidently  for  the  working  of  ores  or  metal. 
One  of  these  in  Kerton  township  was  discovered  by  citizens  engaged 
in  cutting  a  road-way  around  a  side  hill.  This  furnace  was  built 
up  with  rock  laid  up  in  a  circular  form,  and  was  surrounded  by 
scorisB  and  some  metallic  slag.  There  are  several  other  furnaces  of 
the  kind  in  the  county,  one  of  which,  on  the  old  Dilworth  farm  in 
Farmer's  township,  shows  by  its  immense  quantity  of  cinder,  coal, 
clinkers  and  metallic  scoriae  that  extensive  works  of  some  kind 
were  carried  on  here  with  coal  for  the  fuel  supply. 

Just  north  of  Seville,  on  a  bluff  of  Spoon  river,  are  quite  exten- 
sive Nvorks  supposed  to  be  defensive  in  their  character,  but  which 
have  not  been  fully  investigated.  Near  London  Mills  in  Young 
Hickory  township,  are  quite  extensive  works,  mostly  mounds, 
which  have  received  but  little  attention.  In  fact  there  is  scarcely  a 
stream  in  the  county  the  banks  and  i>lufl's  of  which  do  not  show 
traces  of  prehistoric  po])ulation. 

The  mounds  in  this  county  are  evidently  of  three  classes  :  Sacred 
mounds,  which  were  used  for  the  sacrificial  fires ;  burial  mounds, 
which  were  erected  over  the  last  remains  of  important  personages ; 
and  mounds  which  were  used  for  domestic  habitations.  In  the  lat- 
ter class  hearths  are  frequently  found,  and  domestic  utensils.  These 
were  probably  residences  similar  to  those  of  some  tribes  of  our 
present  Indians.     First,  poles  or  logs  set  up  in  a  circle,  then  covered 


338  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

with  brush  or  grass,  and  the  whole  with  earth  to  a  considerable 
depth.  The  sacrificial  mounds  always  contain  burnt  earth,  burnt 
bones  and  frequently,  too,  the  charred  bones  of  human  beings.  In 
the  burial  mounds  only  the  bones  of  a  few  persons  are  found,  prob- 
ably of  some  chief  and  his  immediate  family,  and  usually  near  them 
are  utensils  of  the  kitchen,  arrows,  pottery  and  such  articles  as  were 
most  prized  in  life  by  the  departed. 

In  some  localities  immense  shell  heaps  exist,  while  it  is  not 
uncommon  to  find  in  a  mound  shell  from  the  sea,  notably  the  conch 
shell  and  sea  periwinkles,  the  latter  very  common.  Implements  of 
both  hardened  copper  and  copper  in  its  soft  state  are  often  found, 
and  a  metal  resembling  iron  in  color  and  texture,  but  hard  enough 
to  cut  glass,  and  which  resists  the  action  of  almost  all  the  acids. 
The  writer  has  specimens  of  this  metal  which  show  under  the  action 
of  acid  only  that  copper  enters  into  their  composition.  No  file  will 
affect  this  substance,  yet  it  yields  readily  to  the  grindstone  and  can 
be  sharpened  to  carry  a  fine  but  brittle  edge.  This  metal  was  prob- 
ably a  composition  of  copper  and  one  or  two  other  metals,  tempered 
by  a  process  not  now  known  to  the  scientific  world.  Xorman  But- 
ler, a  blacksmith  in  Toulon,  Stark  county,  111.,  one  day  in  1853 
accidentally  tempered  brass  so  that  it  would  turn  a  file, — an  experi- 
ment which  he  never  afterward  could  successfully  imitate. 

That  these  Mound-Builders  were  not  of  the  same  race  as  our 
Indians,  is  at  once  apparent  from  the  bones  of  the  latter  being  of 
a  reddish  hue,  while  those  of  the  Mound-Builders  are  of  a  differ- 
ent shade  and  much  larger.  Dr.  Schenck,  of  Duncan's  Mills,  has 
a  large  collection  of  these  prehistoric  bones  collected  with  especial 
reference  to  diseased  bones  and  surgery.  Some  of  these  specimens 
show  fractures  which  have  been  set  with  considerable  skill ;  some 
indeed  which  would  not  disgrace  the  average  surgery  of  this  age. 
Some  of  these  skeletons  belonged  to  men  who  were  giants,  some  over 
seven  feet  high ;  some  have  skulls  equal  to  the  average  European 
skull  in  shape  and  brain  capacity,  while  the  general  average  is  much 
superior  to  the  Indian  or  negro  skull. 

It  is  our  opinion  that  the  Mound-Builders  were  a  pastoral 
people  who  had  made  considerable  progress  in  civilization. 
In  the  winter,  doubtless,  they  drove  their  flocks  and  herds  to  the 
bluffs  and  rich,  sheltered  bottoms  where  they  could  obtain  shelter, 
and  in  the  summer  drove  them  to  the  prairies  for  pasturage.  Doubt- 
less, like  the  Chinese  of  to-dav^^  thev  esteemed  their  native  hills 
sacred  and  sought  to  be  buried  there  no  matter  where  the  iron  hand 
of  death  overtook  them ;  and  their  friends,  respecting  this 
desire,  were  in  the  habit  of  bringino;  the  bones  of  each  familv  or 
tribe  to  these  sacred  burial  places,  after  they  had  been  stripped  of 
their  flesh,  for  permanent  burial. 

Perhaps  some  future  archieologist  will  delve  among  these  ancient 
ruins  and  find  a  key  to  the  mystery  of  the  builders  of  whom  we  to- 
day know  next  to  nothing ;  and  unless  some  means  are  taken  by  the 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


339 


Government  or  societies  organized  for  the  purpose,  and  these  meas- 
ures at  no  distant  day,  they  will  have  become  so  far  obliterated  by 
the  plow  and  by  unskilled  diggers  that  the  slight  clues  they  con- 
tain will  be  buried  in  an  oblivion  greater  than  now  enshroud  the 
history  of  their  builders. 


s 


CHAPTER  XII. 

MEXICAN  WAR. 

When  war  was  deelared  against  Mexico  in  1846  by  oiir  Govern- 
ment, enlistment  of  troops  immediately  l)egan  all  over  the  conntry, 
but  nowhere  was  greater  promptitude  manifested  than  in  Fulton 
county.  Several  other  companies  were  raised  and  offered  beside 
the  one  accepted,  but  were  refused  by  the  Governor,  the  quota  of  the 
State  being  already  more  than  filled.  Capt.  Lewis  W.  Ross  raised 
Co.  K,  tendered  it  to  the  Governor,  and  it  was  accepted  and  assigned 
to  the  Fourth  regiment.  Col.  Ed.  D.  Baker  commanding.  The 
company  was  mustered  in  at  Alton  July  4, 1846,  and  moved  to  Jef- 
ferson Barracks,  Mo.,  and  then  proceeded  to  the  front,  where  no 
company  did  more  valiant  service  for  our  country  than  Companv  K, 
of  Fulton  county.  Veterans  never  fought  more  nobly  or  effectively 
than  did  the  volunteers  to  the  Mexican  war  from  this  county.  Their 
brave  commander,  Col.  Baker,  won  for  himself  and  men  a  never- 
perishing  name. 

At  the  gk:»rious  capture  of  Vera  Cruz  and  the  not  less  famous 
storming  of  Cerro  Gordo,  these  troops  did  valiant  service.  In  the 
latter  action,  when,  after  the  brave  Gen.  Shields  had  been  placed 
hors  de  combat,  the  command  of  his  force,  consisting  of  three  regi- 
ments, devolved  upon  Col.  Baker,  this  officer  with  his  men  stormed 
with  unheard-of  prowess  the  last  stronghold  of  the  Mexicans, 
sweeping  everything  before  them.  Such,  indeed,  were  the  intrepid 
valor  and  daring  courage  exhibited  by  Illinois  volunteers  during 
the  Mexican  war,  that  their  deeds  should  live  in  the  memory  of 
posterity  through  future  ages. 

Many  of  the  veterans  of  this  war  enlisted  a  few  years  later  to 
defend  the  same  old  flag  from  the  insults  of  a  domestic  foe  that 
thev  had  so  bravelv  against  a  foreign  one.  Amono-  them  were  Col. 
Baker,  who  fell  at  Ball's  Bluff,  and  Lieutenant  Boss,  who  became 
Brigadier  General  and  won  laurels  that  will  wreath  his  name  with 
honor  for  generations  after  he  has  passed  from  earth. 

The  Company  was  mustered  out  at  New  Orleans,  La.,  May  26, 
1847,  and  returned  to  their  homes  and  resumed  the  various  occupa- 
tions which   they  had  quit  a  year  previous  to   defend  our  country. 

In  rumaging  through  the  old  records  and  papers  on  file  and 
stowed  awav  in  the  Countv  Clerk's  office  we  were  fortunate  enouo;h 
to  find  a  complete  official  muster  roll  of  the  men  of  this  company, 
which  we  give  below. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


341 


In  the  list  e.  stands  for  enlisted,  m.  o.  for  mustered  out,  res.  for 
resigned,  dis.  for  disability,  and  disch.  for  discharged. 


4tli  REGT.  ILL.  INF.  VOL. 

COMPANY  K. 

Captain. 
Lewis  W.  Ross,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 

First  Lieutenants. 
Geo.  W.  Stipp,  e.  July  4,'46,  res.  Aug.  ."0,'4G. 
Leonard  F.  Ross,  e.  July  18,'46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 

Second  Lieutenants. 
John  B.  McDowell,  e.  July  4, '46,  res.  Aug.  30,'46. 
Robert  Johnson,  e.  July  4, '46.  res.  Dee.  20,'46. 
Joseph  L.  Sharp,  e.  July  4,'46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 

Sergeants. 

Marvin  Scudder,  e.  July  4,'46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Stephen  B.  Webb,  e.  July  4,'46,  died  at  Matta- 

moras,  Oct.  24, '46. 
Robert  Carter,  e.  July  4,'46,  disch.  Nov.  9,'46, 

dis. 
Samuel  D.  Revnolds,  e.  Julv  4, '46,  m.  o.   Mav 

26. '47. 
:Milton  C.  Dewey,  e.  July  4,'46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Jas.  B.  Anderson,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 

Corporals. 

Thomns  W.  Head,  e.  Julv  4, "46,  disch.  Nov.  26, 

'46.  dis. 
Tracy  Stroiid,  e.  July  4. '46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Jas.  \V.  Anderson,  e"  Julv  4, '46,  m.  o.  Mav  26, 

'47. 
Edward  Brannon  e.  July  10, '46.  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Siuioon  Cannon,  e.  July  4,'46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Jas.  Dunsmore,  e.  July  4, '46,  died  Oct.  i,'46,  at 

Matamoras. 

Privates. 
Ackerson,  Garrett,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.o.  May  26, '47. 
Andrews,  Hanuon,  e.  Julv  4,'46,  m.  o.  Mav  26, 

'47. 
Bennington,  Geo.,  e.  July  4, '46,  mo.  o.  Mav  26, 

47. 
Bervard,  John,  e.  July  4,'46,  ditch.  Dec.  20,'46, 

dis. 
Beadles,  'Wm.,  e.  Julv  4, '46,  di.sch.  Mar.  7. '47, 

dis. 
Bristow,  Isaac  M.,  e.  Julv  18. '46,  ra.  o.  Mav26,'47 
Clark,  David,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Crittenden,  Uriah,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47 
Crawford,  Jas.,  e.  July  4,"'46,  ra.  o.  May  26, '47. 
("ollins,  David,  c.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Carter,  Simeon,  e.  July  2.'46,  m.  o.  May  26.'47. 
CooTi,  Ross,  e.  July  4'46,  m.  o.  May  26, '27. 
Cannon,  John,  e.  Julv4,'46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Carter  John  S.  S.,  e.  July  4,, 46,  died  Oct.  27, '46, 

at  Carmago. 
Dalley,  Chas.,  e.  July4,'46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 


Dobson,  Joseph,  e.  July  4. '46,  disch.  Feb.  8,'47' 

dis. 
Dobbins,  John  F.  P.,  e.  Julv  4,'46,  disch.  Nov. 

9, '46,  dis. 
Deiter,  John,  e.  July4,'46,  disch.  Aug.  24,'46, 

dis. 
Deiter.  Joel,  e.  July  4,'46,  disch.  Aug.  24,'46,  dis. 
Ellis,  John,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Ellis,  Jacob,  e.  Julv  4,'26,  m.  o.  Mav  2(;,'47. 
Engle,  Wm,  H.,  e.  July  4, '26,  m.  o."Mav  26,'47. 
Foot,  Zach.,  e.  Julv  4, '46,  m.  o.  Mav  26,''47. 
Freeborn.  Philip  T.,  July  4,'46,  m.  6.  May26,'47. 
Fitzpatrick,  Michael,  e.  July4,'46,  m.o.  May 

26, '47. 
Gregory,  Jesse,  July  20,'46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Hoover,  Richard  e.July  20, '46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Hannum,  Joshua  B.,  e.  Julv  4, '46,  ra.  o.  May 

26, '47. 
Kelly,  Ephraim,  e.  Julv  20, '46,  disch.  Sept.  18, 

'46,  dis. 
King,  Horace  B.,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Kimball,  Myron,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May26,'47. 
Lyon,  Ely,  e.  July  4, '46,"  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Land,  John,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Mason,  Wra.  C,  e.  July  18,'46,  disch.  Aug.  30, 

'46,  dis. 
McNeil,  Malcolm,  e.  July  is, '46,  disch.  Oct.  8, 

'46,  dis. 
McKee,  Patrick,  e.  July  18,'46,  disch.  dis. 
Monroe,  Thomas,  e.  Jiilv  20, '46,  disch.  Feb.  8, 

'47  dis. 
Morton,  Richard  W.,  e.  Julv  4, '46,  ra.  o.  May 

26, '47. 
Mayall,  Joseph,  e.  Julv  4,'46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Milslagle,  Elias,  e.  July  4,'46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Moovor,  William,  e.  July  4, '46.  m.  o.  ilay  26, '47. 
Myers,  Jonas  H.,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
jSlurphy,  Wm.,  e.  Julv  '20,'46,  m.  o.  Mav  26, '47. 
Patton,  Hugh,  e.  July  4,'46,  m.  o.  ISIay  26,'47. 
Painter,  Wm.,  e.  July  4,'46,   disch.   Nov.  9,'46, 

dis. 
Pig.  John,e.  July  20, '46,  disch.  Sept.  26,'46,  dis. 
Powell,  Andrew  M.,  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Reid,  John  H.,  July  4. '46,  m.  o.  May  26,''47. 
Rigdon,  Stephen,  e.  Julv  4, '46,  ra.  o."  Mav26"47. 
Ross,  Pike  C,  e.  July  4.'46,  ra.  o.  Mav  26,'47. 
Shields,  David,  e.  Jiily  4, '46,  m.  o.  M"ay  26,'47. 
Sieele,  John,  e.  July  4','46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Smith,  James  H.,  e.  July  4, '46,  m.  o.  May  26, '47. 
Smith,  David,  e.  July  4','46,  m.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Stevenson,   Thomas,"e.  July  20,'46,  in.  o.  May 

26. '47. 
Turner,  Oren,  e.  Julv  20, '46,  disch.  8, '46,  dis. 
Tavlor,  Julius  J.,  e.  .Julv 4, '46,  ra.  o.  May  26,'47. 
Wilson,  Samuel,  B.,  e.  Julv  4,'46,  disch,  Oct.  4, 

'46,  dis. 
Yaw,  Alonzo,  e.  July  4, '46,  died  Sept.  ]0,'46. 


CHAPTER  XIII. 

THE    REBELLION. 
FIEST    I^'DICATIO^'S    OF    THE     WAR. 

When,  in  1861,  the  war  was  forced  upon  the  country,  the  people 
were  quietly  pur.'suiug  the  even  tenor  of  their  ways,  doing  whatever 
their  hands  found  to  do, — working  the  mines,  making  farms  or  culti- 
vating those  already  made,  establishing  homes,  founding  cities  and 
towns,  building  shops  and  manufactories ;  in  short,  the  country  was 
alive  with  industry  and  hopes  for  the  future.  The  people  were  just 
recovering  from  the  depression  and  losses  incident  to  the  financial 
panic  of  1857.  The  future  looked  bright  and  promising,  and  the 
industrious  and  patriotic  sons  and  daughters  of  the  North  were 
buoyant  with  hope,  looking  forward  to  the  perfecting  of  new  plans 
for  comfort  and  competence  in  their  declining  years.  They  little 
heeded  the  mutterings  and  threatenings  wafted  from  the  South. 
They  never  dreamed  that  there  was  one  so  base  as  to  attempt  the 
destruction  of  the  Union  their  fathers  had  purchased  for  them  with 
their  life-blood.  "While  thus  surrounded  with  peace  and  tranquillity 
they  paid  but  little  attention  to  the  rumored  plots  and  plans  of  those 
who  lived  and  grew  rich  from  the  sweat  and  toil,  blood  and  flesh, 
of  others. 

The  war  clouds  grew  darker  and  still  darker,  the  thunders  of 
treason  grew  louder  and  louder  until  April  12,  1861,  when  the  fear- 
ful storm  burst  upon  the  country  and  convulsed  a  continent  with 
its  attendant  horrors. 

On  that  day  the  rebels,  who  for  weeks  had  been  erecting  their 
batteries  upon  the  shore,  after  demanding  of  Major  Anderson  a 
surrender,  opened  fire  upon  Fort  Sumter.  For  hours  an  incessant 
cannonading  was  continued ;  the  fort  was  being  damaged  severely  ; 
provisions  were  almost  gone,  and  Major  Anderson  was  compelled  to 
haul  down  the  stars  and  stripes, — that  dear  old  flag  which  had  sel- 
dom been  lowered  to  a  foreitrn  foe ;  bv  rebel  liands  it  was  now 
trailed  in  the  dust.  How  the  blood  of  patriotic  men  of  the  ]Sorth 
boiled  when  on  the  followinof  dav  the  news  was  flashed  along  the 
telegraph  wires  that  Major  Anderson  had  been  forced  to  surrender  I 
And  nowhere  was  greater  indignation  manifested  than  in  Fulton 
countv. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  343 


THE    FIRST  CALL  FOR  TROOPS. 


Immediately  upon  the  surrender  of  Fort  Sumter,  Abraham  Lin- 
coln, America's  martyr  President, — who  but  a  few  short  weeks  before 
had  taken  the  oath  of  office  as  the  nation's  chief  executive, — issued 
a  proclamation  calling  for  75,000  volunteers  for  three  months.  The 
last  word  of  that  proclamation  had  scarcely  been  taken  from  the 
electric  wires  before  the  call  was  filled,  and  men  and  money  were 
counted  out  by  hundreds  and  thousands.  The  people  who  loved 
their  whole  government  could  not  give  enough.  Patriotism  thrilled 
and  vibrated  and  pulsated  through  every  heart.  The  farm,  the 
workshop,  the  office,  the  pulpit,  the  bar,  the  bench,  the  college,  the 
school-house, — every  calling  offi?red  its  best  men,  their  lives  and 
fortunes,  in  defense  of  the  Government's  honor  and  unity.  Bitter 
words  spoken  in  moments  of  political  heat  were  forgotten  and  for- 
given, and,  joining  hands  in  a  common  cause,  they  repeated  the  oath 
of  America's  soldier  statesman,  "  By  tJte  (rreat  Eternal,  the  Union 
must  and  shall  he  preserved." 

Call  the  young  men  in  the  prime  of  their  life; 
Call  them  from  mother,  from  sister,  from  wife  ; 
Blessed  if  they  live,  revered  if  they  fall, — 
They  who  respond  unto  Liberty's  call. 

Seventy-five  thousand  men  were  not  enough  to  subdue  the  Rebel- 
lion ;  nor  were  ten  times  the  number.  The  w^ar  went  on,  and  call 
followed  call,  until  it  began  to  look  as  if  there  would  not  be  men 
enough  in  all  the  Free  States  to  crush  out  and  subdue  the  monstrous 
war  traitors  had  inaugurated.  But  to  every  call  for  either  men  or 
money  there  was  a  willing  and  ready  response  ;  and  it  is  a  boast  of 
the  people  that,  had  the  supply  of  men  fallen  short,  there  were 
women  brave  enough,  daring  enough,  patriotic  enough,  to  offer 
themselves  as  a  sacrifice  on  their  country's  altar.  Such  were  the 
impulses,  motives  and  actions  of  the  patriotic  men  of  the  North, 
among  whom  the  sons  of  Fulton  made  a  conspicuous  and  praise- 
worthy record. 

VARIOUS  mp:etings  held  in  the  county. 

The  tocsin  of  war  was  sounded,  meetings  w^ere  held  in  every 
township,  village  and  city,  at  which  stirring  and  spirited  addresses 
were  made,  and  resolutions  adopted  admitting  of  but  one  interpre- 
tation,— that  of  unconditional  allegiance  and  undying  devotion  to 
their  country  and  their  country's  flag ;  that,  at  whatever  cost  of  blood 
or  treasure,  the  stars  and  stripes,  wherever  floating,  must  be  honor- 
ed ;  and  the  supremacy  of  the  law  of  the  National  Union  sustained. 

A  meeting  was  held  at  Canton,  April  20,  1801,  at  the  old  Con- 
gregational church.  Ira  Johnson  was  called  to  the  chair,  and 
stated  the  object  of  the  meeting  to  be,  to  express  the  feelings  of  the 
people  in  regard  to  the  difficulties  then  in  our  country,  and  to  re- 
spond  to  the    call    of  Gov.    Yates    for    military    force    to    aid    the 


344  HISTOKV    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

Forleral  Governmpnt  in  sustainin<r  tlie  laws.  The  ''Stnr-S])ano;locl 
]^annor  "  was  effectively  suii_n'  by  a  iiumber  of  yctiinti-  ladies,  after 
which  the  military  hand  rendered  several  national  airs  with  good 
spirit.  A  committee  of  iive  was  then  ai)j)ointed  to  draft  resolutions 
exj)ressivc  of  the  sense  of  the  meeting.  This  committee  Avas  com- 
|>(tsed  of  the  following  gentl(Mnen  :  John  W.  Ingersoll,  W.  II. 
Haskell,  William  liabccick,  (J.  W.  Fast  and  Tracy  Stroud.  The 
meeting  was  then  addressed  by  lion.  William  Kellogg,  W.  H. 
Haskell  and  James  PI.  Stij)]).  Ivcsolutions  were  adopted,  which 
showed  this  people  to  be  patriotic  and  ready  to  sacriiice  all  for  the 
Union.  After  this  an  op]K)rtuiiity  was  given  for  enlistments,  and 
forty  names  were  enr(»lle(l. 

At  the  court-house  in  LcwMstown,  on  Tuesday  evening,  April  23, 
a  meeting  was  held  with  George  Humphrey  in  the  chair.  The  com- 
mittee on  resolutions  were  H.  B.  Evans,  R.  B.  Stevenson,  M.  Eich- 
elberger,  S.  V.  Shope,  L.  W.  James,  James  Hasson  and  Hubert 
Cam[)l)ell.  The  meeting,  which  resolved  to  support  the  Govern- 
ment, was  addressed  bv  L.  F.  Ross,  R.  R.  McDowell,  M.  S.  Kind:)all, 
L.  W.  Ross  and  S.  C."  Judd. 

A  large  and  enthusiastic;  meeting  of  the  citizens  of  Farmington 
was  held  Saturday  evening,  April  20,  for  the  purpose  of  discussing 
the  condition  of  the  country.  A.  K.  Montgomery  ])resided,  and 
Dr.  J.  Gregory  acted  as  secretary.  The  following  resolutions  were 
adopted  with  but  one  dissenting  voice: 

AVhereas,  events  have  lately  transpired  which  call  for  all  .aood  citizens  to 
express  in  what  estimation  they  hold  tlie  institutions  of  Americans  and  Amer- 
ican liherty,  therefore 

Remhcd,  That  when  the  Government  of  the  United  States  is  attacked,  we 
can  recognize  no  distinction  between  the  foreign  and  the  domestic  foe. 

Remhed,  That  since  forbearance  has  ceased  to  call  the  traitors  of  the  South 
to  fealty  to  the  Government,  we  heartily  apjirove  of  the  measures  rectMitly 
taken  by  the  administration,  choosing  ratlier  to  bear  the  burdens  of  a  just  war 
than  to  enjoy  the  ease  under  an  ignominious  peace. 

licsolrcd,  Tiiat  we  will  freely  assist,  with  all  the  means  in  our  i)ower,  the  ef- 
forts of  the  Government  to  viuuiuisii  traitors,  whether  at  home  or  at)road, 

Resolml,  That  we  are  firmly  and  devotedly  attached  to  the  United  States,  and 
to  the  flag  under  which  our  "fatluTs  fought;"  ami,  wi-  lierehy  pledge  our  lives, 
our  fortunes  and  our  sacred  honor  to  sustain  the  one  and  defend  the  other. 

Similar  meetings  were  held  in  all  parts  of  the  county,  and  resolu- 
tions, full  of  ])atriotisni  and  devotion  to  the  country  and  the  old  flag, 
were  sent  forth  as  the  sentiment  and  voice  of  the  people. 

Immediately,  in  response  to  the  call  for  troops,  enlistments  began. 
As  early  as  April  30  a  company  of  100  was  organized  at  Canton. 
They  drilled  in  the  city  for  some  tlays,and  so  impatient  were  they  to 
strike  a  blow  in  defense  of  the  dear  old  flag  which  had  been  trampled 
beneath  the  feet  of  traitors  at  Sumter,  that  they  wanted  to  be  oft' 
immediately  to  the  scene  of  conflict.  jSIany  of  them  were  afraid 
thev  would  not  "get  to  go."  They  little  reaJized  the  magnitude  of 
the  war. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUXTY.  345 

A  meeting-  was  held  Saturday  evening,  April  27,  for  the  purpose 
of  making  arrangements  to  raise  subscriptions  for  the  benefit  of  this 
company,  to  equip  it,  etc.  J.  G.  Piper  was  elected  president  and  C. 
C.  Dewey  secretary.  Hon.  A.  C.  Babcock,  G.  W.  Fast,  S.  C.  Thorp, 
J.  W.  Ingersoll,  H.  P.  Fellows,  J.  H.  Dorranee,  B.  F.  Rubk^,  T. 
Atwater,  G.  W.  Hardesty  and  P.  C.  Stearns  were  appointed  a  com- 
mittee to  procure  subscriptions.  This  company  was  named  the  Ful- 
ton Volunteers.  Wm.  Babcock  was  elected  Captnin,  L.  C.  Chase 
First  Lieutenant,  Wm.  Ti'ites  Second  Tvieut(Miant  and  J.  H.  Dorranee 
Third  Ivieutenant. 

While  the  above  company  was  being  raised  at  Canton,  a  company 
was  gotten  up  at  Lewistown  with  L.  F.  Ross  as  Captain,  T.  A.  Boyd 
First  Lieutenant  and  A.  Willison  Second  Lieutenant.  This  com- 
pany was  originally  the  "  Fulton  Blues,"  and  was  organized  about 
the  year  1857,  by  Capt.  Leonard  F.  Ross.  On  Monday,  Ajjril  29, 
it  was  permanently  re-organized  for  the  U.  S.  service  and  was  after- 
wards transferred  to  the  17th  Regiment  as  Co.  H. 

At  Vermont  a  company  was  organized,  and  Thomas  Hamer  w^as 
elected  Captain,  Josiah  Dennis  First  Lieutenant,  and  Hinman 
Rhodes  Second  Lieutenant. 

A  company  was  also  rai-^ed  at  Fairview,  which  left  for  Camp 
Mather,  Peoria,  May  15.  Before  leaving  their  homes,  however, 
they  were  presented  with  a  fine  flag  by  the  ladies  of  Fairview.  They 
were  accompanied  to  Peoria  by  the  Fairview  Brass  Band.  It  was 
noised  around  Canton  that  this  company,  after  being  in  camp,  needed 
flannel  shirts ;  and  within  a  few  days  75  shirts  were  made  and  sent 
to  them. 

On  Friday  morning.  May  10,  1861,  the  Fulton  Blues  left  Lewis- 
town  for  camp  at  Peoria.  The  public  s(]u;ire  was  filled  with  citizens 
to  witness  the  flag  presentation  and  departure  of  the  company. 
Capt.  Ross  marched  the  boys  to  the  residence  of  Dr.  R.  R.  McDowell, 
where  each  of  them  was  provided  with  a  flannel  shirt,  made  for  them 
by  the  ladies  of  Lewistown.  Each  and  every  man  was  also  pre- 
sented with  a  copy  of  the  New  Testament,  accompanied  by  the  re- 
quest to  write  therein  his  name  and  age,  and  name  of  his  father, 
guardian  or  other  member  of  his  family,  with  place  of  residence. 
At  nine  o'clock  the  company  was  paraded  in  front  of  the  court- 
house, where  a  large  number  of  ])co]>le  had  gathered.  H.  B.  Evans 
was  chosen  to  preside  over  the  assembly.  He  called  the  large  con- 
course of  people  to  order,  and  on  behalf  of  the  ladies  Dr.  McDowell 
presented  to  the  company  a  beautiful  flag.  Capt.  Ross  received  the 
colors  with  pledges  that  they  should  not  be  disgraced,  and  handed 
them  to  Ensign  Woolfolk,  who  received  them  in  the  name  of  the 
company.  The  brass  band  played  and  three  cheers  were  given  for 
the  ladies.  The  company  took  their  places  in  the  wagons,  receiving 
meanwhile  the  sorrowing  farewells  of  their  friends.  They  were  then 
driven  to  Havana,  where  a  boat  was  taken  for  Peoria. 


346  HISTORY    OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 

The  Fulton  Lip;ht-Horse  Invincibles  were  organized  Tuesday 
May  7,  '(51,  l)y  C'apt.  W.  A.  Presson. 

Other  companies  were  raised.  Call  after  call  was  made  by  the 
Government  and  each  time  Fulton  county  nobly  responded.  While 
some  thought  the  policy  of  the  administration  wrongful  and  hurtful, 
and  that  the  desired  end  might  be  attained  in  a  more  conciliatory 
manner  tiian  by  the  stern  and  bloody  arbitrament  of  war,  yet  the 
majority  believed  their  only  recourse  was  a  resort  to  arms. 

DEATH    OF   SENATOR   D0UC4LAS. 

While  tlie  people  throughout  the  State  were  busily  engaged  in 
preparing  for  the  war,  the  sad  news  of  the  death  of  her  beloved 
Senator,  Stephen  A.  Douglas,  was  announced.  Funeral  services 
were  held  in  almost  all  towns  of  this  county  upon  the  death  of  this 
distinguished  statesman.  At  Canton,  Thursday,  June  6th,  1861,  a 
meetino-  was  held  at  Graham's  Hall  to  make  suitable  arranocnients 
for  ceremonies.  S.  A.  Gee,  \Vm.  Kellooo-  P.  L.  Snvder  and  James 
T.  Slack  were  appointed  a  committee  of  arrangements.  G.  Barrere, 
Thomas  Snyder,  W.  H.  Haskell,  Dr.  Henry  Ingersoll  and  S.  Y. 
Thornton  were  selected  as  a  committee  to  draft  resolutions.  On 
Friday,  as  for  several  days  previous,  the  flag  was  bound  in  black  and 
displayed  at  half-mast.  Shortly  before  two  o'clock  p.  m.  the 
bells  commenced  tolling,  and  continued  while  a  procession  was 
formed  uj)on  the  public  square,  headed  by  the  Canton  Silver  Cor- 
net Band  and  Masonic  Lodge.  It  marched  to  the  Baptist  church, 
where  the  fc^llowing  exercises  took  place  under  the  direction  of  T. 
Stroud,  chief  marshal  and  master  of  ceremonies.  Hon.  John  G. 
Graham  was  called  to  the  chair  and  Messrs.  P.  L.  Snyder,  Ira  John- 
son, S.  N.  Breed,  Dr.  Henry  Ingersoll,  J.  M.  Bass  and  G.  Barrere 
were  chosen  vice  ])residents;  S.  Y.  Thornton  and  Alpheus  Davison, 
secretaries.  Prayer  was  then  offered  by  Rev.  Dr.  Webb,  which  was 
followed  by  singing  by  a  choir  organized  for  the  occasion  under  the 
direction  of  Mr.  E.  P.  Ingersoll,  Mrs.  Law  presiding  at  the  instru- 
ment. Resolutions  fitting  and  full  of  sorrow  at  the  loss  of  the  great 
Senator  were  passed.  Wni.  H,  Haskell  then  delivered  an  oration  upon 
the  life  and  services  of  Mr.  Douglas.  Hon.  Wm.  Kellogg  made 
a  brief  address.  He  was  followed  by  John  G.  Graham,  S.  A.  Gee, 
G.  Barrere  and  J.  T.  Slack.  The  b(>nediction  was  pronounced  by 
Rev.  P.  Bergstresser,  and  thus  endcnl  the  services  of  respect  to  a 
great  and  beloved  statesman. 

A  PICTURE  OF  A  SAD  AND  DESOLATE    HOME. 

The  boys  went  forth  to  the  field  of  carnage  ;  and  what  vivid  words 
can  the  pen  employ  that  will  do  justice  to  their  heroic  valor,  to  their 
une(iualed  and  unparalleled  bravery  and  endurance?  Home  and 
home  comforts,  wives  and  little  otics,  fathers,  mothers,  sisters,  broth- 
ers, were  all  given  uj)  for  lilc  and  danger  on  the  lields  of  battle, — for 


•m.-»^J-I' 


<     l.lli  lliJ.....l^V«wC^ 


HISTORY    OV    FULTON    COUNTY.  347 

exposure,  fatigue,  disease  and  death  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet  or 
the  cannon's  mouth.  But  while  they  were  thus  suffering  let  us  not 
suppose  that  the  mother,  and  sister,  the  wife,  the  children  were  free 
from  the  tortures  of  anxiety,  of  the  loss  of  dear  ones.  Yes;  while 
the  brave  boys  upon  the  Southern  field  suffered  indescribably,  the 
wife  and  little  ones  at  home  endured  sufferings  beyond  the  power  of 
pen  or  tongue  to  describe.  Let  us  picture  a  home  where  the  hus- 
band and  the  wife  and  the  little  ones  are  thus  separated.  The  picture 
of  one  will  only  reflect  those  of  hundreds  of  others.  We  look  into 
the  plain  but  tidy  room.  A  mother  is  preparing  her  evening  meal. 
Upon  a  chair,  and  leaning  her  little  arm  on  the  window-sill,  a  little 
child  is  kneeling,  looking  fur  into  the  dusky  shadows  that  encircle 
the  brow  of  night.  Her  dark  eyes  have  a  longing,  desolate  look, 
and  on  her  brow  lies  one  of  life's  shadows.  At  last  she  speaks : 
"Oh,  mamma,  papa  has  been  gone  so  long!  why  don't  he  come?" 
The  mother  sighs  and  her  heart  repeats,  "So  long?"  But  the  little 
one  must  have  an  answer,  and  mamma  tries  to  comfort  her:  "Papa  has 
gone  to  war,  dear;  gone  to  fight  fi)r  his  country;  and  when  the  war 
is  over  he  will  come  back  to  see  mamma  and  little  Bessie." 

"But  it  seems  so  long,  mamma  !   When  will  the  war  be  over?" 
"Mamma  cannot  tell,  dear;  but  we  will  hope  for  the  best." 
Their  frugal  meal  is  now  ready,  and   mother  and  child  sit  down 
with  heavy  hearts,  their  eyes  wandering  to  the  place  where  papa  used 
to  sit;  but  there  is  no  manly  form, — only  a  vacant  chair. 

In  the  mother's  heart  sad  questions  will  arise :  "Will  he  return  to 
us?  or  will  some  swift-winged  bullet,  sped  by  a  traitor's  hand,  de- 
stroy the  life  so  dear  to  us?" 

Oh,  why  could  not  all  men  have  been  true  to  a  government  so 
mild, — to  their  country  so  vast  and  grand?  Why  should  they  cause 
sorrow  and  death  to  o'er-spread  our  land,  and  the  voice  of  wailing 
to  go  forth  from  every  fireside  ?  In  silence  the  meal  is  ended,  and 
the  little  one,  whose  eyes  have  grown  heavy,  is  taken  upon  the 
mother's  lap,  and  prepared  for  rest.  Her  little  prayer  is  said,  and 
a  good-night  kiss  given  for  papa.  She  falls  asleep,  and  the  shadow 
is  chased  from  her  brow.  But  the  shadows  hover  darkly  round  the 
mother's  heart,  as  she  thinks  of  distant  battle-fields  ;  of  wounded  and 
dying  men  whose  lives,  and  those  they  love  more  than  life,  have 
been  given  up  that  their  country  might  be  saved.  And  on  this 
September  evening  a  terrible  battle  has  closed.  For  three  daysthev 
have  fought,  and  now  the  evening  shadows  unite  with  clouds  of 
smoke,  and  our  army  is  victorious ;  but  the  ground  is  strewn  with 
the  dead  and  dying.  Hark  !  here  is  one  who  speaks  :  "Water,  wa- 
ter; won't  Bessie  bring  me  water?"  But  Bessie's  soft  hands  cannot 
reach  him;  kind  but  rougher  and  stranger  hands  give  him  the  cool- 
ing drops,  and  with  a  weary  sigh  for  his  home,  wife  and  litth^  one, 
his   breath   is  gone,  and  the  brave  heart  beats  no  more. 

Rumors  of  the  terrible  fight  reach  that  quiet  home  ;  then  come 
dispatches,  making  rumors  facts.     How  long  and  dark  are  the  hours 


•348  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY. 

of  suspense  to  the  anxious  wife  and  little  one  !  Eagerlv  the  papers 
are  watched  for  every  word  concerning  the  division  in  which  was 
the  loved  one,  and  now  at  last  comes  a  list  of  the  killed  and  wound- 
ed in  his  regiment.  AVith  fast-beating  heart  the  pcior  wife  takes  the 
list  of  wounded  tirst,  that  she  may  still  have  some  hope.  His  name 
is  not  there.  With  hushed  breath  and  heart  beating  faster,  she  scans 
the  list  of  the  killed,  until  she  comes  to  his  name.  The  paper  falls 
from  her  nerveless  hand  and  she  sinks  heavily  to  the  floor.  Bessie 
bends  over  her,  and  the  touch  of  her  smooth  hands  and  the  sound  of 
her  sweet  voice  bring  the  widow  back  to  life  that  is  now  so  dark. 
But  for  Bessie's  sake  she  will  still  be  brave,  and  struggle  on  alone, 
— no,  not  alone.  Bessie  is  still  with  her,  and  their  heavenly  Father 
will  lead  them  through  the  darkness. 

This  is  only  one  of  the  many  pictures  that  are  drawn  upon 
the  pages  of  unwritten  historv.  Have  traitors  nothing  to  answer 
for? 

soldiers'  aid  society. 

The  continued  need  of  money  to  obtain  comforts  and  necessaries 
for  the  sick  and  wounded  of  our  army,  suggested  to  the  loyal  ladies 
of  the  Xorth  many  and  vajious  devices  for  the  raising  of  funds. 
Every  city,  town  and  village  had  its  fair,  festival,  picnic,  excursion, 
concert,  which  netted  more  w  less  for  hospital  relief.  The  ladies  of 
Fulton  honored  themselves  and  their  county  by  their  noble,  gener- 
ous work  in  behalf  of  the  soldiers.  Their  devotion  to  the  loyal 
princijdes  of  the  national  Government  was  undying,  and  its  defend- 
ers were  objects  of  their  deepest  sympathy.  During  the  dark  and 
trying  days  of  tha  Rsbellion  they  were  ever  on  the  alert  raising 
funds,  sending  food,  clothing,  delicacies  and  medicines  to  the  soldiers 
in  the  hospital  and  at  the  front. 

In  the  noble  efl'orts  the  ladies  made  to  palliate  the  sufferings  of 
their  brothers  upon  the  Southern  fields  of  carnage,  they  were  actu- 
ated by  love  of  country,  devotions  to  kindred  and  sympathy  for 
those  in  distress.  Though  jihysically  incapacitated  to  share  with 
them  the  toils  and  perils  of  battle,  yet  before  its  smoke  and  the 
echoes  of  its  artillery  passed  away,  the  offerings  of  their  hands 
would  relieve  their  pain,  and  inspire  them  with  holier  ardor  for  the 
cause  they  were  defending.  The  number  of  weary  sufferers  on  the 
field  of  battle  and  in  the  lonely  hospital  relieved  by  their  bounty, 
none  but  the  Recording  Angel  can  tell. 

The  ladies  of  Lewistinvn  organized  a  Soldiers'  Aid  Society  Nov. 
28,  1862.  Similar  societies  were  organized  in  many  towns  of  the 
county,  but  we  Mill  let  the  following  detailed  statement  of  the  first 
year's  labor  of  the  Lewistown  society  suffice  as  an  illustration  of  the 
labor  of  all  the  others :  The  money  contributed  was  mostly  used  in 
purchasing  material  for  making  clothing.  Those  goods  which  were 
sent  to  the  17th  and  103d  Illinois  Regiments  (the  latter  wholly 
and  the  former  mostly  made  up  of  Fulton  men),  to  the  Quincy  hos- 


HISTORY    OF    PULTON    COUNTY.  349 

pitals  and  State  Sanitary  Coniniissioii  for  1862-'63  were  as  follows: 
Cash  1227.26;  UU  towels  ;  94  shirts  ;  42  handkerehiefs ;  Gl  pairs 
drawers;  7  coats;  51  pair  woolen  socks;  3  vests;  1  pair  of  pants; 
6  pair  of  slip])ers;  37  pillow  cases;  15  sheets;  3  quilts;  1  lb. 
woolen  yarn ;  ()  doz.  wash-basins ;  1  bushel  turnips;  1  barrel  but- 
ter; 21  pounds  butter;  6  barrels  pickles;  1 J  barrels  dried  apples; 
2  barrels  apple  b.utter;  1 J  barrels  sauerkraut ;  140  dozen  cakes;  6 
loaf  cakes;  66  pies;  52  dozen  eggs;  2  chickens;  1  pound  tea;  19 
packages  dried  fruit ;  26  cans  fruit;  needles  and  thread;  reading 
matter  and  other  small  articles. 

soldip:rs  in   fulton  county. 

There  are  many  rumors  afloat  relative  to  Fulton  county's  loyalty 
during  the  dark  days  of  the  Rebellion,  which  are  very  much  exag- 
gerated, so  far  as  we  are  abh^  to  learn.  Among  othei-  things  much 
has  been  said  about  United  States  soldiers  being  sent  to  the  county 
while  tlie  war  was  in  progress.  That  soldiers  were  sent  into  the 
county  is  a  fact ;  but  many  have  a  wrong  impression  as  to  the  cause 
of  their  being  sent  here.  The  semi-official  report  made  by  Provost 
Marshal  Phelps,  and  published  at  the  time,  concerning  the  reason 
why  the  soldiers  were  brought  to  the  county  and  what  they  did 
while  here,  is  perhaps  the  most  authoritative  account  of  the  affair 
we  arc  able  to  obtain.  It  is  substantially  correct  even  in  detail,  and 
we  give  the  entire  letter  below,  that  our  readers  may  see  the  Mar- 
shal's statement  in  full : 

"  In  view  of  the  troubles  existing'  at  this  time  in  the  southern  portion  of  Ful- 
ton county,  and  to  alhiy  any  unnecessary  apprehension  therefrom,  and  also 
for  the  purpose  of  correcting  evils  and  misunderstan(lin<rs  naturally  growing 
out  of  vague  rumors  and  uirfounded  reports,  many  of  which  are  afloat  in  the 
c.onnnunity,  in  relation  to  the  late  military  proceedings  enacted  in  south  Ful- 
ton, I  deem  it  due  to  the  j)ul)lic  that  a  fair  and  candid  statement  of  the  mat- 
ter should  be  made,  in  order  that  all  may  understand  the  basis  upon  which 
troops  were  called  into  the  county,  their  action  since  their  arrival,  and  when 
their  mission  will  have  been  fulfilled. 

"It  is  a  fact  well  known  to  the  public  that  there  has  been  for  several  weeks 
past  a  determine<l  armed  resistance,  accompanied  with  violent  threats,  against 
the  execution  of  the  enrollment  law  in  some  of  the  townships  in  this  county. 
The  first  noticeable  demonstration  of  this  spirit,  was  mamfested  in  Pleasant 
township,  and  was  of  so  violent  a  character  as  to  compel  Luke  Elliott,  the 
clerk  duly  appointed  by  William  McComb,  the  enrolling  officer  of  this  county, 
to  abandon  the  work.  After  some  delay  and  much  parleying,  the  enrollment 
was  completed  without  further  serious  opposition,  liy  another  appointee.  This 
spirit  of  resistance  was  caught  uj*  by  the  citizens  of  Isabel  township,  and  cul- 
minated in  a  more  formidable  and  determined  resistance  than  had  been  exhib- 
ited in  Pleasant,  and  finally  teiniinated  in  intimidating  one,  and  taking  the 
enrolling  books  of  another  of  the  officers,  by  armed  force,  and  with  threats 
that  no  man  shobld  enroll  the  townshiji  exce])t  at  the  peril  of  his  life. 

"In  addition  to  this  there  was  manifested  a  bitter  hostility  to  the  arrest  and 
return  of  deserters  from  the  army,  so  much  so  that  deserters  to  the  number  of 
15  to  25,  encouraged  by  this  spirit,  had  for  some  time  past  been  encamped  in 
the  open  field,  and  at  other  places  of  rendezvous,  with  the  avowed  purpose  of 
resisting  any  attempt  which  might  be  made  by  the  authorities  to  arrest  them. 
Not  only  this,  a  large  numljer  of  the  citizens  of  Isabel  were  in  the  habit  of 
drilling  and   performing  other  military  duty,  with  no  other  avowed  purpose 


350  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

than  to  be  prepared  to  resist  the  enrollment.  This  being  the  condition  of 
things,  it  was  manifest  to  the  Provost  Marshal  that  he  and  his  little  force  were 
not  able  to  enforce  the  law  and  bring  the  offenders  to  justice. 

"The  Provost  Marshal  of  the  district,  being  informed  of  the  condition  of 
aflFairs  in  the  county,  visited  it,  and  by  his  direction  a  small  force  of  cavalrv 
( 61  in  number  )  with  one  six-pounder  was  ordered  into  the  county,  for  the 
purpose,  and  no  other,  of  enforcing  the  enrollment  of  Lsabel  township  and 
for  the  arrest  of  deserters  and  other  individuals  against  whom  legal  process 
had  been  i.ssued.  This  force  arrived  and  encamped  at  Duncan's  Mills,  five 
miles  south  of  Lewistown.  on  the  13th  inst.  About  12  o'clock  that  same  night, 
this  force  being  divided  into  three  squads,  of  ten  men  each,  leaving  the  re- 
mainder to  guard  the  gun  and  take  charge  of  prisoners,  should  any  be  arrested, 
started  with  their  respective  officers  for  three  different  points  in  the  same 
neighborhood,  viz.:  Charles  Brown's,  John  Lane's  and  John  Graham's.  The 
fir.st  visit  made  by  either  of  the  .squads  was  at  Charles  Brown's.  The  officer, 
taking  two  men  with  him,  went  to  the  house,  and  after  knocking  at  the  door 
and  making  his  business  known,  entered  the  house  and  arrested  John  and 
Benjamin  F.  Brown,  who  were  in  bed,  no  opposition  of  anj-  kind  being  made. 
These  two  prisoners  were  put  in  charge  of  two  soldiers  and  sent  to  camp, 
while  the  officer  with  the  remainder  of  his  men  joined  those  who  were  at  John 
Lane's.  Here  eight  of  the  company  were  detailed  to  surround  the  house  and 
barn  of  Mr.  Lane.  The  officer  then  knocked  at  the  door,  made  his  business 
known  and  demanded  admittance,  which  being  refused,  five  minutes  were 
given  in  which  to  comply,  at  the  expiration  of  which  no  compliance  being 
maile,  the  door  was  forced  in  and  three  .soldiers  entered  the  house.  There 
were  nine  men  in  the  house  all  armed.  Two  doubie-liarreled  shot-guns,  one 
rifle,  three  revolvers,  one  double-barreled  pistol,  all  loaded,  and  one  bowie 
knife,  were  also  found  in  The  house.  Upon  a  demand  to  deliver  up  their 
weapons  and  surrender,  all  complied  except  Aaron  Bechelhimer  and  John 
Alexander,  including  James  Lane,  who  first  drew  a  revolver  and  afterwards 
surrendered.  Bechelhimer  and  Alexander  were  in  a  back  room,  and,  as  the 
soldiers  approached.  Bechelhimer  offering  resistance,  was  caught  Vjy  a  soldier 
and  thrown  out  of  a  window,  when  he  was  instantly  arrested  by  another  sol- 
dier. Alexander,  in  the  meantime,  who  had  been  ordered  several  times  to 
surrender,  attempted  to  draw  a  revolver,  and  was  standing  with  one  hand 
upon  the  collar  of  his  coat  and  the  other  in  the  act  of  drawing  his  weapon, 
when  he  was  shot  in  the  left  breast  by  a  soldier,  and  the  revolver  taken  from 
him.  Of  the  number  in  the  house,  Piatt  and  James  Lane  were  arrested,  the 
latter  of  whom  e  caped  ;  also  Aaron  Bechelhimer  and  Marshal  Athey,  two 
deserters,  and  John  Lane,  who  was  afterwards  released  bv  the  Provost  Mar- 
shal. 

"The  third  squad,  composed  of  ten  men,  had  gone  to  John  Graham's  on  a 
like  errand  (to  arrest  deserters),  and  also  to  arrest  Graham,  against  whom 
charges  had  been  preferred  before  the  proper  triliunal.  Here,  as  at  the  other 
places,  the  oflicer  in  command  knocked  at  the  door  and  made  known  his  busi- 
ness. Graham  replied  that  no  deserters  were  in  the  house,  and  that  he  was 
alone.  Search  was  made  at  his  barn  for  deserters,  but  without  success. 
Demand  was  again  made  for  entrance  in  his  hou.se  and  refused,  when  the  door 
was  forced  open.  No  men  were  found  in  the  lower  story.  Edward  Trumbull, 
who  was  one  of  the  squad,  opened  a  door  leading  up  a  narrow  stairway,  and 
with  a  candle  in  his  hand  attempted  to  go  up  stairs,  when  he  was  fired  upon 
by  John  Graham,  the  ball  inflicting  a  slight  wound  in  Trumbull's  brea.st,  and 
passing  down  lodged  in  his  thigli,  cau.sing  a  severe  flesh  wound.  At  the  same 
time  a  shot  was  fired  from  the  porch,  which  barely  missed  Van  Meter.  Gra- 
ham still  refusing  to  surrender,  a  guard  was  placed  around  his  house  and  a 
messenger  sent  to  the  Captain  of  the  company,  at  Duncan's,  to  bring  up  the 
artillery.  At  this,  and  when  Graham  discovered  what  he  was  contending 
against  I  for,  as  he  said,  up  to  this  time  he  supposed  it  to  be  Phelps  and  his 
posse),  he  finally  surrendered,  and,  with  Joseph  Brown,  was  taken  prisoner. 

"These  are  the  facts,  as  related  by  the  officers  of  the  several  squads,  upon 
which  1  rely  with  the  utmost  confidence.  The  prisoners,  nine  in  number, 
were  brought  by  the  cavalry  to  Lewistown,  where  they  remained  until  the 
afternoon  train,  when  seven  { two  being  released  by  the  Marshal )  were  sent  to 


.^- 


^.1 


Wyi.TH/C^ 


CANTON. 


OF  THE 
UMVE.blTY   OF   ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  353 

the  Provost  Marshal  of  the  district,  to  he  hy  him  delivered  over  to  the  United 
States  District  Marshal  of  this  State,  to  be  tried  by  the  civil  authorities  upon 
the  ch  irges  preferred  against  them. 

"From  present  in  licitions  it  is  hoped  and  believed  that  the  law  will  he  en- 
forced, the  enrohment  made  and  deserters  arrested,  without  any  resistance; 
ami  when  this  fact  is  clearly  demonstrated  the  military  force  now  in  the  county 
will  be  withdrawn,  and  not  until  then. 

"I  have  been  thus  p  irlicul  ir  in  collecting  ami  detailing  the  facts  connected 
with  this  trans  ictiou,  which  have  been  g  ithered  from  eye-witnesses,  and  other 
facts,  some  of  which  have  come  nn  ler  my  own  oI)servation  and  that  of  num- 
erous other  citiz -us  of  the  county,  for  the  purpos?  of  guarding  the  people 
ag  liust  f  ds  '  reports,  an  1  th  it  tuey  m  ly  uu  lerstaud  t'le  true  condition  of  aff  lirs 
in  Fulton  county.  Tiie  ex  -iteuuMit  which  followed  the  arrest  by  the  military, 
and  the  ilemonstration  of  six  or  seven  bun  Ired  armed  citiz  'Us  exhibited  in 
the  environs  of  L-wistown  within  eight  hours  thereafter,  needs  no  comment 
from  me,  but  of  itself  is  suffijieut  apology  for  an  armed  force  being  quartered 
in  our  midst. 

WM.  PHELPS, 

Lewistowx,  August  17,  1863.  Provost  Marshal  of  Fulton  county." 

lee's  surrender. — Lincoln's  assassination. 

Our  armies  bravely  contendjd  until  finally,  after  four  long  years 
of  bloodshed  and  carnage,  the  news  was  flashed  over  the  wires  that 
Lee  had  surrendered.  This  joyful  news  reached  this  county  Mon- 
day, April  10,  18(J5,  being  within  two  days  of  four  years  from  the 
time  the  batteries  were  opened  on  Fort  Sumter.  On  receiving  the" 
news  of  the  fdl  of  Richmond  the  people  were  very  jubilant  over 
the  success  of  the  Union  forces.  They  assembled  in  all  parts  of 
the  county  and  had  grand  jubilees.  The  streets  of  the  cities  were 
brilliantly  illuminateil ;  bonfires,  rockets  and  music  were  seen  and 
heard  on  every  haul;  it  wis  inJjed  a  season  of  rejoicing;  and  well 
might  it  bo,  for  wh.it  had  bien  endured,  what  had  been  sutfered. 

Scarcely  had  the  downfall  of  the  Sauthern  Confederacy  been  re- 
ceived ere  the  sad  news  of  the  assassination  of  Abraham  Lincoln 
was  flashed  over  the  wires.  On  that  beautiful  April  morning,  five 
days  after  the  announcement  of  Lee's  surrender,  the  people,  joyful 
over  the  near  approach  of  the  return  of  their  loved  ones  from  the 
South,  the  sorrowing  news  of  the  President's  death  was  announced. 
Mr.  Lincoln  was  bound  to  the  people  of  this  county  with  stronger 
cords  than  simply  being  a  good  ruler.  He  had  spent  many  days^ 
here,  had  many  warm  personal  friends,  and  it  was  like  the  loss  of  a 
brother.  They  felt  the  loss  keenly ;  the  tolling  bells,  the  sym- 
pathetic dirges,  interpreted  not  merely  the  grief  of  a  people  at  the 
loss  of  a  President,  but  the  sorrow  of  a  community  at  the  death  of 
brother,  a  son,  one  who  was  closely  akin  to  all.  Meetings  were 
held  and  appropriate  resolutions  passed.  Dwellings,  stores,  churches 
and  public  buildings  were  draped,  and  the  flags  which  had  been  sent 
up  in  m:jments  of  rejoicing  were  taken  down,  draped,  and  sent  up 
at  half-mast. 

the  close. 

The  war  ended  and  peace  restored,  the  Union  preserved  in  its  in- 
tegrity, the  sons  of  Fulton  who  had  volunteered  their  lives  in  de- 
22 


354 


HISTORY   OF   PULTON   COUNTY. 


fense  of  their  Government,  and  who  were  spared  to  see  the  army  of 
the  Union  victorious,  returned  to  their  homes  to  receive  grand 
ovations  and  tributes  of  honor  from  friends  and  neighbors  who  had 
eagerly  and  zealously  followed  them  wherever  the  fortunes  of  war 
called.  Exchanging  their  soldiers'  uniforms  for  citizens'  dress,  most 
of  them  fell  back  to  their  old  vocations, — on  the  farm,  at  the  forge, 
at  the  bench,  in  the  shop,  and  at  whatever  else  their  hands  found  to 
•do.  Brave  men  are  honorable  always,  and  no  class  of  citizens  are 
entitled  to  greater  respect  than  the  volunteer  soldiery  of  Fulton 
county,  not  alone  because  they  were  soldiers,  but  because  in  their 
associations  with  their  fellow-men  their  walk  is  upright,  and  their 
honesty  and  character  without  reproach. 

Their  country  first,  their  glory  and  their  pride. 
Land  of  their  hoi)es,  bmd  where  their  fathers  died  ; 
When  in  the  right,  they'll  keep  their  honor  hright; 
When  in  the  wrong,  they'll  die  to  set  it  right. 

No  more  fitting  tribute  to  their  patriotic  valor  can  be  offered  the 
brave  men  who  went  forth  in  defense  of  liberty  and  union,  than  a 
full  and  complete  record,  so  far  as  it  is  possible  to  make  it,  embrac- 
ing the  names,  the  terms  of  enlistments,  the  battles  in  which  they 
-were  engaged,  and  all  the  minutiae  of  their  military  lives.  It  will 
be  a  wreath  of  glory  encircling  every  brow,  a  precious  memento  to 
hand  down  to  posterity,  and  one  which  each  of  them  earned  in  de- 
fense of  their  and  our  common  country.  There  are,  no  doubt,  some 
men  who,  while  they  lived  in  Fulton  county,  enlisted  in  other 
counties  and  were  never  credited  to  this  county.  While  the  names 
of  such  properly  belong  here,  and  we  would  gladly  give  them  did 
we  know  them,  yet  the  Adjutant-General's  reports,  the  source  of  our 
information,  give  their  names  as  belonging  to  other  counties,  and 
we  were  unable  to  learn  of  this  fact  in  every  case. 


FULTON  COUNTY  VOLUNTEERS. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 


abs Absent. 

art Artillery. 

col Colonel. 

capt Captain. 

corpl Corporal. 

com Commissioned. 

cav Cavalry. 

capd Captured. 

dis Disability. 

d Discharged. 

e Enlisted. 

hos Hospital. 


inf Infantrj-. 

kid Killed. 

lieut Lieutenant. 

m.  o Mustered  Out. 

pris Prisoner. 

pro Promoted. 

regt Regiment. 

res Resigned. 

sergt Sergeant. 

tr Transferred. 

V Veteran. 

wnd Wounded. 


8th  INFANTRY. 


Bradshaw,  John  W. 
May -1,'G6. 


e.  Co.  C.  Mar.  21, '65.  m.  o. 


COMPANY  E. 

Captain. 
Samuel  Caldwell,  e.  July  25, '61,  m.  o.  May  4, '(16. 
Privates. 

Caldwell,  Wm.  L.,  e.  July  25,'61.     Died  Feb.  17, 

'04. 
Cooper,  C.  S.,  e.  Julv  2iS,'61.    Trans,  to  artillerv. 
Downing,  H.  H.,  e.  Julv  28'61,  d.  Mar.  31, '62." 
Farewell,  Milo,  e.  July  2S,'61,  d.  Mar.  28,'64. 
Jamison,  S.  H.,  e.  July  2S,'61. 
Keefer,  John  M.,  e.  Julv  2cS,'61. 
Norcott,  F.  A.,  e.  July28,'61,  d.  July  2S,'64. 
Nutt,  Samuel,  e.  Julv  28,'61. 
Pettit,  C.  E.,  e.  Julv28,'61,  d.  Mar.  31, '62. 
Rockhold,  B.  F.,  e.  July  28,'61,  d.  Julv  28,'64. 
Stockdale,  S.  A.,  e.  July  28, '61. 
Thornton,  T.  W.,  e.  July  28,'61,  d.  Jan.  21, '62. 
Thompson,  J.,  e.  July  25,'61,  m.  o.  July  30,'64. 
Wallace,  J.  B.,  e.  July  28, '61,  kid.  at  Shiloh, 

April  6,'C2. 
Cole,  Henry,  e.  Nov.  I,'(i4,  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '65. 
Ellis,  John,  e.  Oct,  3,'64,  Co.  H,  12th  regt.,  m.  o. 

July  10, '65. 
Gonder,  F.,  e.  Oct.  4,'64,  Co.  H,  12th  regt. ;  m.  o. 

Julv  10, '65. 
Cramp,  F.  H,,  e.  May  24,'61,  Co.  F,  14th  regt. ; 

died  May  2, '62. 
Retter,  Chas.,  e.  Feb.  23, '65,  Co.  C.  14th  regt. 
Hughes,  J.  W.,  e.  Mar.  31, '64. 

16tli  INFANTRY. 

Mackey,  P.  F.,  e.  in  Co.  A,  May  24, '01,  v. 
Magee,  Jas.,  e.  in  Co.  A,  Mav  24,'61,  died  June 
10, '62. 


COMPANY  G. 

Anderson,  W.  B.,  e.  May  24,'61,  pris. war,  m.  o. 

Juno  3, '65. 
Hunter,  W.  A.,  e.  May  24,'61,  v.,  m.o.  July  8,'65, 

as  corpl. 
Husted,  M.  A.,  e.  May  24, '01,  d.  May  14, '62. 
Matthews,  E.D.,  e.May  24,'61,v.,  m.o.  July  8,'65. 
Newell,  Thos.,e.  May  24, '61,  v.,  m.o.  July  8,'65. 
Westlake,  J.,  e.  Mav  24,'61,  v.,  m.  o.  July  8,'65, 
Westlake,  M.  M.,  e.  May  24,'61,  v.,  m.  o.  July  8, 

'65. 
Perkins,  M.,  e.  May  24,'01,  in  Co.  K,,  d.  Oct. 

Ul.'Ol. 
Saxbury,  B.  F.,  e.  Jan.  5, '62,  in  Co.  K.  v.,  m.  o. 

July  S,'65. 

17th  INFANTRY. 

The  17th  Reg.  111.  Inf.  Vols,  was  mustered 
into  the  United  States  service  at  Peoria,  111.,  on 
the  24th  day  of  May,  1861.  Left  for  Alton,  111., 
late  in  July,  proceeded  to  St.  Charles,  thence  to 
Warrenton,  Mo.,  where  it  remained  about  two 
weeks.  The  regiment  left  Warrenton  for  St. 
Louis  and  embarked  on  transports  for  Bird's 
Point,  Mo. ;  thence  to  Sulphur  Springs  Land- 
ing; debarking,  went  to  Pilot  Knob,  Mo.,  in 
pursuit  of  Gen.  Jeff.  Thompson,  and  joined 
Prentice's  command  at  Jackson,  Mo.,  thence 
to  Kentucky  and  aided  in  the  construction  of 
Fort  Holt.  Was  then  ordered  to  Cape  Girar- 
deau and  was  again  sent  in  pursuit  of  Jeff. 
Thompson;  participated  in  the  engagement 
near  Greenfield ;  returned  to  Cape  Girardeau 
and  performed  provost  duty  until  Feb.,  1862. 
Was  then  ordered  to  Fort  Henry;  participated 


356 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


in  that  engagement  and  Fort  Donulson,  losing 
several  men  killed,  wounded,  and  taken  pris- 
oners. Soon  after,  went  to  Pitt.sburg  Landing 
and  was  assigned  to  the  army  of  West  Tennes- 
see; engaged  in  the  battle  of  the  Gth  and  7th 
of  April,  sufTering  great  loss  in  killed  and 
wounded;  was  in  the  advance  to  Corinth; 
after  Uie  evacuation  of  Corinth,  marched  to 
Jackson,  Tenn.;  remained  until  July,  when 
it  was  ordered  to  Bolivar,  where  it  remained 
until  November,  1862,  participating  during 
the  time  in  the  expedition  to  luka  to  reinforce 
General  Rosecrans,  where  it  was  engaged 
in  the  battle  of  the  Hatchie ;  marched  to  La- 
grange, Tenn..  the  middle  of  November,  re- 
porting to  Gen.  John  A.  Logan,  and  was 
assigned  to  duty  as  provost  guard.  Early  in 
December  marched  to  Holly  Springs,  via  Abbe- 
ville and  Oxford.  At  the  battle  of  Holly  Springs 
was  assigned  to  Gen.  McPhersoft's  command, 
then  proceeded  to  Moscow,  Collier\ille  and 
Memphis,  and  was  assigned  to  duty  at  the  navy 
yard,  remaining  until  June  16,  then  embarking 
for  Vicksburg.  re-embarking  for  Lake  Provi- 
dence, La.,  where  it  remained  until  the  invest- 
ment of  Vicksburg  began.  Went  to  Millikin's 
Bend,  May  1,  commenced  the  march  across  the 
Delta  to  Pekin's  Landing,  advanced  with  Mc- 
pherson's command  to  the  final  investment  of 
Vicksburg.  Alter  the  surrenler  of  that  city, 
remained  there,  making  frequent  incursions 
into  the  enemy's  country  until  May,  1S64,  the 
erm  of  service  expiring  on  the  '24th  of  May  of 
that  year. 

The  regiment  was  ordered  to  Springfield,  111., 
to  be  mustered  out,  when  those  who  had  not 
re-enlisted  as  veterans  received  their  final  dis- 
charge. A  sufficient  number  not  having  en- 
listed to  entitle  them  to  retain  their  regimental 
organization,  were  consolidated  with  the  8th 
III.  Inf.,  and  were  finally  mustered  out  with 
that  regiment  in  the  spring  of  1866. 

Colonel. 
Leonard  F.  Ross,  e.  May  3,'61,  pro.  Brig.  Gen,, 
April  25, '62. 

Surgeons. 
L.  D.  Kellogg,  e.  April  1,'Cl,  res.  June  U.'6:i. 
Chas.  B.  Tompkins,  e.May20,'61,  term  expired 
June, '64. 

COIPANY  C. 

Captains. 
Allen  D.  Rose,  c.  Mav  13,'61.  res.  Dec.  24,'61. 
Geo.  W.  Wright,  c.  M'ay  23,'61,  res.  April  18,'62. 
Milton  S.  Kimball,  e.  May  20,61,  pro.  A.A.G. 

Dec.  2:5,'62. 
Chauncey  Black,  e.  May  26,'61,  tenn  expired 
June, '64. 

First  Lieutenants. 
\\m.  Walsh,  e.  Mav  13,'61.  res.  Dec  .31, '61. 
Wm.  T.  Dodds.  e.  Mav  i>,'61,  res.  April  18,'62. 
Jas.   B.   Rowley,  e.  May  'io.'Gl,  term  expired 
June, '64. 

Seond  Lieutenant. 
Das-id  A.  Parks,  e.  May  13,'61,  res.  Dec.  27,"61. 


Sergeant. 

<;.  A.  Schaper.e.  May  2>,'61. 

J.  V.  D.  Da\ls,  e.  May  2  >,'61,  d.  Oct.  20, '62. 

Corporals. 

L.  B.  Martin,  e.  Mav  iJ.'Ol. 

D.  M.  B(jyuton,  e.  May  2j,'61,  d.  Sept.  7,'61,  dis. 

James  M."  Moor,  e.  May  25, '61. 

Privates. 
Allen,  Siras,  e.  May  2.5,'61. 
Blont.  Allen,  Jr..  e.  May  io.'ei. 
Bower,  Wm.,  e.  May  2.j,'61. 
Bovnton,  Jonah,  e.  Mav  2-3''61. 
Barker,  Cha.s..  e.  May  2.5.'61,d.  Aug.  18.'62. 
Bumnaugh,  C.  W.,  e.  May  2-5, '61. 
Blackall,  Thos.,  e.  May  2.5,'61,  d.  April  3,'62. 
Babbett,  Joel,  e.  Mav  25,'61. 
Colville,   Wm.,  e.  May  25,'61,  kid.   at  Shiloh, 

April  6.'62. 
Driggs.  Wm.  H.  e.  Mav  2;j.'61. 
Edmonson,  W.  II.  1.  e.  May  •2.5,'61.  d.  May  11, '62. 
Edmonson,  Wm.  H..  2,  e.  Mav  25, '16. 
Ellis,  Wm.,  e.  Mav  25,'61,  died  Oct.  31,'61. 
Giles,  D.  E.,  e.  May  25.'61. 
Hunts,  Geo.  W.,  e.  May  2.J,61,  d.  Aug.  9,'62,wnd. 
Head,  Wm.  E.,  e.  May  2.j,'61,  d.  Nov.  lu,'62. 
Haggard.  Joseph,  c.M"ay  2o,'61,  died  July  11, '62. 
Hurlbut,  I).  A.,  e.  Mav  25,"61,  d.  Feb.  6,'62. 
Hall.  C,  e.  May2.i,'6],  v. 
Johnson.  H.  D.,  e.  Mav  25,'61,  d.  Feb.  7,'62. 
Lake,  Wm.  D..  e.  May  2.5,'61,  died  Oct.  7,'62. 
Lambert,  C.  C,  e.  May  25,'61,  v. 
Leevv,  J.  T.,  e.  Mav  2.3,'61. 
Lamb,  W.  H.,  e.  May  25,'61. 
Mann,  Isaac,  e.  May  25, '61. 
McConnell,  W.  J.,  e.  May  2o,'61. 
Mutt.  John  M.,  e.  Mav25,'62. 
Murrev,  Wm.,  e.  May  25,'61,  died  Oct.  31, '6L 
Morris",  Edward,  e.  May  2.5,'61,  d.  May  3,'62. 
Norris,  M.  D.,  e.  May  ij,'61. 
Parks,  C.  E.,  e.  May  2.5,'61,  d.  Oct.  20,'62. 
Penny,  W.,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  May  5,'62. 
Pardiin,  J.  J.,  e.  May  2.5,'61,  d.  June  13,'62. 
Russell,  John,  e.  May  2.5,'61.  d.  April  2y,'62. 
Rodenbaugh,  J.  H.,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  May  13,'63. 
Shaw.  Amos,  e.  May  25, '61. 
Steel.  Geo.  W.,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  April  27,'63. 
Small,  L.  H.,  e.  May  25,'61. 
Saunders,  Genend  L.,  e.   May  25,'61,  d.   May 

16, '62. 
Smith,  F.  M.,  e.  25,'61,  v.,  m.  o.  May4,'66. 
Smith,  J.  C,  e.  May  25,'61. 
Schank,  Jacob,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  April  29,'62. 
Singleton.  A.  A.,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  April  2<),'6"2. 
Taylor,  H.  N.,  e.  May  2.3,'61,  d.  Aug.  7,'62. 
Venable,  C,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  Sept.  20,'61,  dis. 
Weaver,  Eldridge,  e.  May  25,'61. 
Weaver.  Jonathan,  e.  May  25, '61. 
Welsh,  Barclav,  e.  Mav  25,'61. 
Wilmarth,  C.  S.,  e.  May  25,'61,  died  May  6,'62. 
Wagner,  A.  H.,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  July  10,'61,  dis. 
Wesifall.  A.  P.,  e.  May  •25,'6L 
Wilkins,  Philander,  e.  May  25,'61. 
Culver.  D.  S.,  e.  June  1, '61. 
Corzette,  Peter,  e.  June  l.'Gl,  died  May  6,'62. 
Davis,  Joseph,  e.  June  1,'61,  d.  April  ;^,'62. 
Henderson,  Wm.   C,  e.  Dec.  1S,"63,  m.  o.   May 

4, '66. 
Jacobs,  H.  F.,  c.  Junel,'61,  d.  May  11, '62. 
Neaglev  Martin,  e.  Sept.  11, '61,  kid.  at  Shiloh. 
Prinze," Christ.,  e.  June  1,61,  kid.  at  Shiloh. 
Powell,  Al.,  e.  June  24,6],  v.,  m.  o.  May  4,'66. 
Post,  Harrison,  e.  July  26.'61. 
Perinc.  J.  L..  c.  Aug.  6.'62,  d.  April  27.'63. 
Palmer.  H.  C,  e.  Dec.  31, '63.  m.  o.  May  4,'66. 
Rust,  John,  e.  May  2o,'61. 

Shepherd.  Wm.,  e.  June  1,'61,  died  May  31,'62. 
i    While,  Milton,  e.  June  1,'61. 
White,  F.  M..e.  June  1, '61. 
Walling.  J.  M.,  e.  Dec.  28.'63,  m.  o.  May  4,'66. 
Fogg,  David  W.,  e.  May  25, '61,  in  Co.  E. 
Newton,  Walter,  e.  Ma"y  25,'61,  in  Co.  E. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY, 


357 


COlVtPAKY  H. 

Captains. 

Leonard  F.  Ross,  e.  May  13, '61,  promoted  col. 
Thomas  A.  Boyd,  e.  M  ly  13, '61,  res.  April  24, '62. 
\Villiam  W.  Hull,  e.  May  25, '61,  m.  o.  June'64. 
First  Lieutenants. 

AsiasWillison,  c.  M.iv  1:>,'61,  res.  April  18, '62. 
M  S.  Kimhall.  e.  May  20,'61,  pro.  eapt.  Co.  C. 
Wm.  C.  Stockdale,  e.  May  2.5, '61,  m.  o.  June, '64. 
Second  Lieutenant. 

Wm.  E.  Yarnell,  e.  May25,'61,  pro.  1st.  lieut. 
Co.  E.,8th  regt. 

Sergeants. 

.Tames  J.  Hall,  e.  May25.'61,  d.  May  13,, '62. 
Chauncey  Blaek,  e.  May  25,'61,  pro.  1st.  lieut. 

Corporals. 

Christian  D.  Bliss,  e.  May  25, '61. 

C.  B.  Tt>mpkiiis,  e.  Mav25,'61. 
L.  W.  Potts,  e.  May  25,'61,  v. 

D.  G.  Campbell,   e.   May  25,'61,  died  Sept.  12, 

'62. 

Privates. 

Bakeu,  Greenbury,  e.  May  25,'51,  d.  April  20'62, 
wnds. 

Birger,  .1.  S.,  e.  May  25, '61,  promoted. 

Ba.sor,  John,  e.  May  25, '61.  died  Mar.  8,  '62, 
wnds. 

Beeson,  J.  A.,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  Oct.  26,'62. 

Bennett,  John,  e.  May  25, '61. 

Bjrrys,  J.  B.,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  July  22,'6'2. 

Bovven,  Evan,  e.  Mav  25, '61. 

Brooks,  N.  C,  e.  May  25, '61.  d.  Dec.  '20, '62. 

Buck,  J.  H.,  0.  Miy  25,'61,  d.  July  22,'62. 

Birch,  A.  W.,  e.  May  25,'61,  v..  pro.  1st  Lieut. 

Boadownie,  S.  M.,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  May  13,'62. 

Cappee.  Toliias,  e.  May  25,'61. 

Carey,  Patrick,  e.  Mav25,'61,  v.,m.o.  Mav 4, '66. 

Chillis,  J.  K.,  e.  May  25, '61,  died  May  ]5,'62. 

Cunningham, T  H.,  e.  May  25, '61,  trans,  to  sun- 
boat  service. 

Donnellv,  John,  e.  May  25, '61. 

Day,  C.  M..  e.  May  2.5, '61. 

Dickenson,  E.  J.,  e.  ]May25,'6l. 

Glacken,  E.  F.,  e.  May  25, '61,  v.,  m.o.  May  4, '66. 

Goodman,  Thos.,  e.  May  2.5,'61.  v, 

Gray,  J.  A.,  e.  Mav  25. '61. 

Hnffuer,  Wm.  J.,  e.  Mav  22.'61. 

Ham,  R.W.,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  June  29,'62,  wnds. 

Harris,  James,  c.  M  ly  2i),'61,  trans,  to  gun-boat. 

Hassoii,  H.  C.,  e.  MaV  25, '61. 

Jones,  S.  M.,  e.  May  25,'61. 

Kent,  J.  F.,  e.  .May  25.'61. 

Kent,  Divid,  e.  M.iy  22,'61,  died  April  14,'62, 
wnds. 

Kent,  E.  Y.,  e.  Mav25,'6L 

Kindall,  J.  K.,  e.  May  25.'61,  d.  May  2.'62. 

Layton,  Thomas,  e.  May  25,'6I,  kid  at  Fred- 
"erickston.  Mo.,  Oct.  21, '61. 

Lewis,  A.  H.,  e.  May  25, '61. 

Love,  Archil.iald,  e.  Mav25,'62. 

Ma.xwell,  J.  T.,  e.  May  25.'61. 

Mixwell,  J.  L.,  e.  May  25, '61. 

McClay,  Samuel,  e.  Mav  25. '61. 

McDowell,  J.  R.,  e.  Mav25,'61. 

Messplay,  G.  8.,  e.  May  25,'61.  d.  Aug.  6,'62. 

Millis,)n,  John,  e.  May  25, '61. 

Moranville,  Eli,  e.  May  25, '61. 

S'elson,  Thomas,  e.  Mav  25, '61,  trans,  to  gun- 
boat. 

Pixley,  Thiddeus,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  June  20,'61. 

Pricket,  Nicholas,  e.  May  25, '61,  died  March 
28,'02. 

Roatson,  J.  V.,  e.  May  25, '61,  v. 

Sevier,  Noah,  e.  Mav  25.'61,  v. 

Shiner,  G.  W.,  c.  May  2.5,'61,  died  April  4,'62, 
wnds. 

Slack,  J.  T.  Jr.,  e.  May  25.'61,  v.,  d.  Dec.  19,'65. 

Snell,  Samuel,  e.  May  25,'61. 

Steuson,  Alfred,  e,  May  25,'61,  d.  July  26,'62. 


Smith,  James  T.,  e.  Mav  25,'61,  d.  June  20/62. 

Trite,  W.  H.,  e  Mav  25,'61,  d.  May  5, '62. 

Waddell.  O.  B.,  e.  Mav  25, '61. 

Walling,  Eli,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  May  13,'62. 

Weaver,  T.M.,  e.  May  25, '61.  v.,  m.o.  May  4, '66. 

Wheeler,  Samuel,  e.  May  25, '61. 

Walker,  F.  M.,  e.  Mav  25,'61,  d.  Mar.  S,'62. 

White,  C.  W.,  e.  Mav25,'61. 

Wilson,  J.  W.,  e.  May  25,'62. 

Westfall,  O.  C,  e.  May  25,'61,  d.  Nov.  4,'61. 

Woolfolk,  A.  C,  e.  Mav  25,'6]. 

Wilson,  J.  N.,  e.  May  2.5,'61,  d.  Aug.  14,'62. 

Zepjierer,  W.  H.,  e.  May  25, '61. 

Barney,  H.  C.,  e.  May  26,'61,  m.  o.  May  4,'66. 

Black,  J.  n.,  e.  May  28,'61,  d.  Mar.  10,'63. 

Brick.  J.  E.,  e.  June  26, '61. 

Barber,  Geo.,  e.  Dec.  17,'63,  m.  o.  May4,'66. 

Bush,  Sampson,  e.  Dec.  12, '63,  m.  o.  May  4, '66. 

Cline,  H.  L.  D.,  e.  June  1, '61,  d.  May  2,'62. 

Edwards,  J.  W. 

Edwards,  W.  O.,  e.  Nov.  28, '63,  m.   o.  June 

13, '65. 
Foote,  G.  M..  e.  Oct.  15,'61,  died  Mar.  28,'62. 
Griffith,  Edward,  e.  Feb.  25, '64,  m.o.  June 5, '6.5. 
Hill,  J.  B.,e.  Aug.  r2,'61. 
Hill,  Henry  B.,  e.  Sept.  25, '61. 
Humphrey,  W.  H.,  e.  June  1,'61. 
Herrill,  D.  H.,  e.  Dec.  7,'63. 
Krider,  John,  e.  Feb.  15,'64.  m.  o.  Mav  4, '66. 
Locke,  W.  E.,  e.  May  26,'61,  died  Nov.  18,'61, 

wnds. 
McCammy,  D.  W.,e.  May  28,'61.  v.,  m.  o.  Mav 

4, '66. 
McConnell,  J.  L.,  e.  May28.'61. 
Morgan,  R.  A.,  e.  Dec.  7. '63. 
McCrasky,  Sabron,  e.  Dec.  3,  '63,  m.  o.  April 

19, '66. 
Norman,  S.  H.,  e.  June  1,'61,  d.  Nov.  10, '62. 

wnds. 
Rcsor,  J.  W.,  e.  June  1,'61. 
Siever,  Levi.  e.  Jtme  1,'61,  v.  m.  o.  May  4, '66. 
Smith,  J.  W.,  e.  Oct.  21, '61,  v.  m.  o.  ^iay  4,'66. 
Shaw,  S. 

Slack,  W.  H.,  e.  Dec.  19,'63. 
Smith,  A.,  e.  Feb.  2.'64,  m.  o.  May  24,'65. 
Seiver,  Jacob,  e.  Feb.  1,'64,  m.  o.  May  4, '66. 
Weaver,  R.  G.,  e.  Feb.  1.'61,  died  Dec.  4.'64. 
Willis,  B.  F.,  e.  Feb.  1, '64. 
Yarnell,  J.  H.,  e.  June  1,'61. 

18th  INFANTRY. 

COMPANY  I. 

Thomas,  Wm.,  e.  Mar.  10, '65. 

Belloss,  Amos,  e.  Mar.  7, '65,  m.  o.  Dec.  16,'65. 

Thomas,   Robert,   e.   Mar.  10,  '65,   m.   o.   Dec. 

16, '65. 
Wilcox,  Geo.,  e  Mar.  7, '65. 
Bellass,  Peter,  e.  Mar.  7, '65,  died  April  4, '65. 
Mahoney,  John,  e.  Oct.  3, '64. 

21st  INFANTRY. 

COMPANY  F. 

Gilson,  Charles  B.,   e.  Mar.  8,'64,  m.  o.  Dec. 

16, '65. 
Greer,  D.  B.,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Dec.  16,'65. 
Knock,  Samuel,  e.  Dec.  16, '63. 

COMPANY  G. 

Brvant,  M.  A.,  e.  Oct.  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'6.5. 
Dadv,  Owen,  e.  Oct.  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Dongla.s,  C.  W.,  e.  Oct.  10,'64,  m.o.  Oct.  10,'6.5. 
Gove,  Joel,  e.  Oct.  10,'(54,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Lindslev,  W.  J.,  e.  Oct.  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10.'65. 
Lovejov,  Ami,  e.  Oct.  10,'64,  m,  o.  Oct.  10,'6.5. 
Mitchell,  J.  F.,  e.  Oct.  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Stime,  W.  E.,  e.  Oct.  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Whitney.  A.  B.,  e.  Oct.  10,'64. 
Washburn,   Volnev,  e.  Oct.  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct. 

10, '6.5. 
Hall,  H,  W.,  e.  Oct.  10, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10, '65. 


358 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY, 


26tli  IXFANTRY. 

Oregon-.  B.  F.,  e.   Aug.  23/61.  v..  m.  o.  July 

20, '"65. 
Bates,  G.  D.,  e.  Jan.  •25,'64,  in  Co.  C,  m.  o.  July 

20, '66. 

COIPANY  K. 

Captain. 
John  B.  Bruner,  e.  Jan.  28,"62,  pro.  Major. 

Privates. 
Beers,  W.  R..  e.  Dee.  16.'61.  died  Aug.  11,"63. 
Onion.  M.  P..  e.  Dec.  18.'61,  died  Aug.  20.'63. 
Roekhold,  L.  C,  e.  Dec.  30,'Cl. 
Robiii.«on,  W.  G..  e.  Dec.  18,'61. 
Shook,  J.  M..  e.  Aug.  12,'61,  Co.  E,  27th  Regt. 
Cox,  John,  e.  Aug.  12, '61,  Co.  E,  27th  Regt. 
Musselman,  G.,  e.  Aug.  12.'61,  Co.  E.  27th  Regt. 
Perkins,  R.  J.,  e.  Mar.  21. '64. 

28th  INFANTRY 

was  organized  at  Camp  Butler,  August,  '61. 
It  proceeded,  Aug.  28.  to  Thebes:  Sept.  9,  to 
Bird's  Point.  Mo. ;  Oct.  2.  to  Fort  Holt,  Ky. : 
Jan.  31, "62,  moved  to  Paducah,  Ky. ;  Feb.  .5, 
moved  up  Tennessee  river;  Feb.  6,  took  part 
in  the  capture  of  Forts  Henry  and  Heiman ; 
Feb.  13,  a  detachment  of  48  men  and  12  officers 
met  the  enemy  (.500  strong)  at  Little  Bethel 
Church,  and  immediately  attacked  and  routed 
them.  Arrived  at  Pittsburg  Landing  Mar.  17. 
It  wa.s  assigned  to  a  position  in  the  Peach 
Orchard.  April  6,  they  repulsed  the  attacks  of 
the  enemy,  holding  its  position  from  8  A.  M. 
to  3  P.  M.  On  the  mortiing  of  the  7th.  it  held 
a  position  on  the  right  of  the  line,  and  was 
hotly  engaged  until  the  battle  closed  and  the 
rictory  was  won.  During  these  two,  long, 
trying,  bloody  days,  this  regiment  behaved 
nobly,  and  its  lines  were  never  broken  nor  was 
it  driven  back  by  the  enemy,  though  often 
most  hea-vily  pressed.  The  regiment  sustain 
ed  the  fearful  lo.ss  of  2.39  men  killed  and  wound, 
ed:  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Corinth  dur- 
ing the  mouth  of  May,  '62 ;  marched  to  Mem- 
phis, arriving  July  21,  '62;  marched  Sept.  6, 
reaching  Boli%'ar,  14th;  Oct.  5,  engaged  in  bat- 
tle of  Matamora,  losing  97  men,  killed,  wound- 
ed and  missing:  returned  to  Bolivar  Oct.  7; 
Dec.  .30,  were  assigned  to  duty  of  guarding  rail- 
road from  HoUy  Springs  to  Waterford,  Miss. : 
was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg  from 
June  11  to  July  4,  '63.  On  the  12th  of  July, 
"63.  near  Jackson.  Miss.,  the  28th,  41st  and  -5:^ 
niinois  and  3rd  Iowa  lufantrj-,  not  exceeding 
800  men,  were  ordered  to  charge  across  a  level 
open  cornfield,  some  six  hundred  yards,  and 
carry  a  strong  line  of  the  enemy's  work;-, 
mounting  12  guns  and  manned  by  at  least 
2,000  men.  The  brigade  swept  gallantly  for- 
ward, under  a  destructive  fire  of  grape,  can- 
ister and  minie  l^ullets.  The  enemy  ap- 
I)earing  upon  both  flanks  as  it  reached  the 
ditch,  it  was  compelled  to  fall  back,  with  a  loss 
of  more  than  haif  of  the  rank  and  file  killed  and 


wounded;  out  of  the  128  men  of  this  regimen 
engaged,  73  were  killed  and  wounded  and  16 
taken  prisoners.  The  regiment  remained  at 
Natchez  during  the  latter  part  of  '63.  doing  pro- 
vost guard  duty.  The  regiment  re-enlisted 
Jan.  4,  "64.  May  18,  proceeded  to  Illinois  for 
veteran  furlough;  rettiming,  arrived  at 
Natchez  July  8:  were  engaged  in  several  ex- 
peditions; Oct.  10,  was  consolidated  into  four 
companies;  was  engaged  in  the  siege  of  Span- 
i.<h  Fort,  losing  14,  killed  and  woundpd,  in- 
cluding two  captains;  was  re\iewed  by  Chief 
Justice  Chase  June  3, '6-5. 

Number  ofmen  at  organization 761 

Recruits •. 959 

1,720 

Commissioned  oflScers  killed 9 

"        wounded 19 

"  "        discharged 49 

"  .       "       dismissed 4 

"  '•       died  of  disease 2 

"  "       transferred 3 

Enlisted  men  killed .52 

"     died  of  wounds 34 

'•  ■'     wounded 265 

'■  "     missing  in  action 17 

'•  "     killed  accidentally 5 

"     died  of  disea.se 139 

'•     discharged 445 

transferred 18 

975 

Colonel. 
Hinman  Rhodes,  e.  Aug.  17, '61,  m.  o.  Mar.  15. 
'66. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 

Edwin   P.   Durell.  e.  Aug.  15,'61,   m.   o.  Mar. 
15.  '66. 

Adjutant. 
Thomas  A.  Ralston,  e.  .\ug.  17,'61,  m.  o.  Oct. 
7.'64. 

Quartermaster. 

James  C.  Duulap.  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  m.  o.  Mar. 
1.5, '66. 

Sergeant  Major. 

Da%'id  Branson. 

Wm.  D.  Cox,  e.  Jan.  8.'62,  v.  m.  o.  Mar.  15.66. 
Commissari/  Sergeant. 

Robert  Blair. 
John  R.  Patrick. 

Hospital  Steward. 
Oliver  AVood,  e.  Sept.  1.'61,  v.  m.  o.  >rarch.  15. 
'66. 

COIP.AJVY  A. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
John  R.  Easley,  m.  o.  Mar.  15,'66. 
Sergeants. 

3.  A.  Blair,  e.  Aug.  1,'61,  d.  Aug.  26,'64. 

J.  P.  Smith,  e.  Aug.  1,  '61,  trans,  to  U.  S.  Narv. 

J.  M.  Smith,  e.  Aug.  1.'61.  d.  Aug.  26.'64. 

Private.^. 

Allen,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  1.'61.  v.  m.  o.  Mar.  6,'66. 

Brewer,  J.  S.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Mar.  1.5,'66. 

Crosbv,  D.  M.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61. 

Carv,  F.  M.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61,  d.  Mar.  28, '62,  dis. 

Dutro.  J.  B..  e.  Aug.  1.'61,  v. 

France,  W.  L.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  v.  died  Feb.  28,'64. 

Fisher,  John.  e.  Aug.  l."61,  d.  May  7,'62,  dis. 

Hanks.  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61,  v.  pro.  2d  Lieut. 

Co.  E. 
Hedge,  Richard,  e.  Aug.  1,'61,  died. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


359 


Newton,  D.  W.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61,  kid.  at  Shiloh. 

Strokes,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Mar.  1.'),'66. 

Smith,  W.  P.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61. 

Wilcox,  B.  F.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61. 

Walling,  E.  P.,  e.  Aug.  ],'61,  m.  o.  Aug.  l(;,'t;4. 

Williainsun,  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61,  v.  ni.  o.  Mar. 

7,'6t). 
Davis,    Lukins,  e.  Sept.  27, '61,  v.  m.  o.  Mar. 

15,'t)fi. 
Schoolcraft,  Benj.,  e.  Aug.  17,'61,  died  Oct.l,'(i:!. 
Davis,  J.  G.,  e.  Aug.  22, '61,  v.  in  Co.  G. 
Moore,  J.  G.,  e.  Aug.  22,'61.  in  Co.  G. 

COMPANY    H. 

First  Lieutenant.. 
Isaiah  Denness,  e.  Aug.  17, '61;  term  e.K.'W. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
J.  B.  Carithers,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  resigned  Aug. 
8, '63. 

Corporals. 

J.  Q.  Ludlum,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  m.  o.  Aug.  26,'64. 

C.  R.  Watkins,  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  v. 

Wm.  H.  Barrow,  e.  Aug.  15, '61,   died  of  wnds. 

April  26,'62. 
Thomas  Barrow,  e.  Aug.  15,   '61,  m.  o.   Aug. 

26,  '64. 
William  H.  Wier,  e.  Aug.  15,'64,  wnd:  d.  Dec. 

SI, '62. 

Privates. 

Arnold.  J.  M..  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  v. 

Aten,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  15, '61.  d  June  1'.).'62,   dis. 

Atherton,  James,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  v. 

Barrow,  Jinken,  e.  Aug.  15.'61,  m.  o.  Aug.16,'64. 

Burton,  Lemuel,  e.  Aug.  15, '61. 

Carter,  John,  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  v.  m.  o.  Mar.l5,'i)6. 

Dollar,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  1.5,'61. 

Easley,  D.  M.,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Mar.l5,'6(;. 

Etnire,  Samuel,  e.   Aug.  15,'61,  d.  Oct.  2,'62, 

wnds. 
Farrand,  James,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  v. 
Hill,  George,  e.  Aug.  15, '61. 
Howard.  S.  M.,  e.  Aug.  15,'61.  v. 
House,  B.  F.,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  v. 
Hall,  F.  A.,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  d.  Aug.   16,'62.  dis. 
Jacob,  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  15, '61. 
Kelso,  John,  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  d.  Aug.  16, '62,  dis. 
Ludlum,  Alma,  e.  Aug.  15"61,  m.  o.  Aug.26,'64. 
Mercer,  Charles,  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  d.  Aug.  2,'62, 

dis. 
Moore,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  15, '61. 
Musgrove,  S.  R.,  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  m.  o.  Sept.8,'64. 
Musgrove,  B.  F.,  e.  Aug.    16, '61,   m.  o.   Aug. 

•26, '64. 
Morrison,  G.  V.,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  v.,  kid.  Sept. 

20, '64. 
Moses,  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  15,'61.  d.  Oct.  22,'62, 

dis. 
Powell,  J.  C,  e.  Aug.  15, '61. 
Pettinger,    William,  e.    Aug.    15, '61,    kid.    at 

Shiloh. 
Stevens,   Robert,  e.   Aug.  15, '61,  m.    o.    Aug. 

26,'64. 
Sapp,  John,  e.  Aug.  15, '61. 
Thompson,  John,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  m.  o.  Aug. 

26,'64. 
Thomas,   G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  v.,  m.  o.  Mar. 

15,'66. 
Wilson,  Charles,  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  m.    o.    Aug, 

26, '64. 
Wilkins,  Ralph,  e.  Aug.  15,'61. 
Wood,  Kli,  e.  Aug.  15,'61,  kid.  at  Shiloh. 
Bedwell,  Bouj.,  e.  Mar.  21, '64,  m.  o.  Mar.  15, '66. 
Brfiwn,  Peter,  e.  Jan.  18, '62,  m.  o.  June  19, '65. 
Brick,  G.  W.,  e.  Mar.  24, '64,  m.  o.  Mar.  15, '66. 
Cooper,  M.  T.,  e.  Mar.  24, '64,  m.  o.   Mar.  15, '66. 
Coonev,  Geo.,  e.,  Sep.  6,  61,  m.  o.  Sept.  4, '64. 
Cameron,  J.  H.,  e.  Jan.   14, '64,  d.   May  12,'65, 

dis. 
Denness,  Charles,  e.  Oct.  11, '61. 
Dickinson,  Geo.,  e.  Nov.  14, '61. 


Dobbins,  Franklin,  e.  Jan.  8,'62,  died  of  wnds 

Oct.  14, '62. 
Galbreath,  William,  e.  Aug.  8, '61,  d.  Jan.  28, 

'63,  dis. 
Hallidav,  J.  C,  e.  Mar.  '21, '64,  m.  o.   Mar.15,'66. 
Hermoii,  Calvin,  e.  Aug.  H,'61,  kid  at  Shiloh. 
Hermon,  J.  P.,  e.  Sept.  L'til. 
Ingram,  Simp.son,  e.  Sept.  1,'61. 
Knowles,  Noah.  e.  Mar.  •29,'64.  m.  o.  Mar.l5.'66. 
Moore,  Wra.,  e.  Mar.  14, '64,  m.  o.  Mar.  15,'6«5. 
Miller,  Michael,  e.  Mar.  26,'64,  m.  o.  Mar.15,'66. 
Morrison,  C.  B.,  e.  Mar.  21, '64,  m.  o.  Mar.15,'66. 
Mc.Mullen,  Horace,  e.  Sep.  1,'61,  m.o.  Sep.4,'64. 
Price.  W.  M.,  e.  Sept.  27,'61,  died  Sept.  2,'63. 
Reese,  G.  W.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61.  m.  o.  Sept.  4,'64. 
Sturgeon,  Simpson,  e.  July  22, '61. 
Thompson,  Charles,  e.  Feb.   30,'64,  d.  Jan.  18, 

'65,  dis. 
Thompson,  J.    M.,  e.  Mar.  21,  '64,  m.  o.  Mar. 

15,'66. 
Thomas,  Samuel,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  m.  o.  Sept. 4, '64. 
Thomas,  Erastus,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  m.  o.  Sept.4,'64. 
Thomas,  R.  T.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61.  v.,m.  o.  Mar.16,'66. 
Wood,  Aaron,  e.  Mar.  14, '64,  m.  o.  Mar.  6, '66. 
Warner,  Alfred,  e.  Sept.  1,61,  m.  o.  Sept.  4, '64. 
Watt,  Henrv,  e.  Oct.  28,'61,  v.,  m.  o.  Mar.15,'66. 
Wilev,  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  d.  July  24,'62,wnds. 
Youst.  Elijah,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  d.  Oct.  22,'62,  dis. 
Bateson,  Geo.,  e.  Mar.  10, '65,  m.  o.  Mar.   10,'66. 
Hays,  James,  e.  Mar.  10,'65,  ra.  o.  Mar.  10, '66. 
Nelson,  Edward,  e.  Mar.  10,'65.  m.  o.  Mar.10,'66. 
Rutledge,   Simon,  e.   Mar.    10, '65,  m.  o.  Aug. 

11, '65. 
Wiley,  J.,  e.  Mar.  10, '65,  m.  o.  Mar.  1C,'66. 

COMPANY  I. 

Sergeant. 

Xndn-w  J.  Pett>-,  e.  Aug.  27,'61,  died  Mar.  6'62. 

Corporals. 

,fohn  Smith,  e.  Aug,  27, '61,  wnd.  v. 
James  H.  Rogers,  e.Aug.  27, '61,   died  April  U. 
'62,  wnds. 

Private.^. 

('lift,  E.  M.-,  e.  Aug.  27,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Mar.  15,'66. 
Murphv,  W.  H.  e.  Aug.  27, '61. 
Mussie,"M.  W.,  e.  Aug.  27,'61,  d.  Oct.  20,'62,  dis. 
Phrimraer,  S.,  e.  Aug.  27, '61,  m.  o.  Aug.  26,'64. 
Rogers,  Jackson,  e.  Aug.  27, '61.    m.  o.    Aug. 

26.'64. 
Rogers,  J.  L.,  e.  Aug.   27, '61,  m.  o.  Aug.  26,'64. 
Stevens,  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  27, '61. 
Stambaugh,  J.,  e.  Aug.  27, '61,  m.o.  Aug.  26,'64. 
Voorkes,  T.  J.,  e.  Aug.  27, '61. 
Voorkes,  J.  M.,  e.  Aug.   27, '61,  right  arm  shot 

off  at  Metamora. 
Craig,  Wm.,  e.  Jan.  5, '64. 
Hubbard,  W.  H.,  e.  Mar.  1,'62,  v. 
Turpin,  Martin,  e.  Jan.  18,'64,  died  Feb.  12,'64. 
Miller,  W.  F.,  e.  Feb.  1.5, '64. 
Eickelberger,  J.,  e.  Mar.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Mar.  4, '66. 
Allen.  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  in  Co.  F.  29th  regt. 
Courtnev,  R.,  e.  Oct.  4,'r)4,  in  Co.  A,  31st  regt. 
Soaper,  S..  e.  Oct.  4,'64,  in  Co.  A,  31st  regt. 
Williams,  J.  J.,  e.  Oct.  4, '64,  in  Co.  A,  31st  regt. 
Wages,  Isaac,  e.  Oct.  4,'64,  in  Co.  A,  31st  regt. 
Murphy,  J.  E.,  e.  Aug.  15, '61,  in  Co.  I,  31st  regt. 
Anderson,  Henrv,  e.  Oct.  3, '64. 
Maloon.  Wm.,  e.  Oct.  4,'64,  in  Co.  I,  32d  regt. 
Wilcoxen,  D.,  e.  Jan.  8,'62,  in  Co.  I,   32d  regt. 

died  Mav  1,'62. 
Mann,  J.,  e.  Oct.  5,'64,  in  Co.  I,  .3'2d  regt. 
Mallon,  Wm.,  e.  Oct.  4, '64,  in  Co.  I,  32d  regt. 
Moore,  David,  e.  Aug.  23,'61,  in  Co.  E,  3.3d  regt. 
Lines,  W.  H.,  e.  Mar.  20,'65,  in  Co.  C,  34th  regt. 
DaCogan,  E.,  e.  Mar.  20,'65,  in  Co.  G,  34th  regt. 
Forrest,  Daniel,  e.  July  3,'61,  in  Co.   F,  35th 

regt. 

36th  INFANTRY. 

Ammerman,  A.  A.,  e.  Oct.  3, '64,  in  Co.  E,  pris. 
war. 


360 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY 


Bier.  S.  B.,  e.  Oct.  4,'64,  in  Co.  E. 
Chamberlain,  Wm.,  e.  Oct.  3, '64,  in  Co.  E. 
Fig  ltd,  I)d\-id,  e.  Oct.  3,'64,  in  Co"  E. 
Leigh,  I.,  e.  Oct.  3,'6t,  in  Co.  E,  died  of  wnds. 

Dec  7  '64. 
Shrevesi  L.,  e.  Oct.  4,'64,  died  Jan.  13,'65. 
Diinblrtzer.  H.,  e.  Oct.  14,'(>4,  in  Co.  H. 
Fisher,  I.  B.,  e.  Oct.  18,'64,  in  Co.  H. 
Rav,  Wni.  W.,  e.  Oct.  1.5,'64,  in  Co.  H. 
Buckner,  \V.  E.,  e.  Oct.  19.'f>4,  died  Jan.  15,'6.5. 
McBride,  W.  P.,  e.  Oct.  14,'64,  supposed  to  have 

died. 
Sayers,  F.  M.,  e.  Oct.  14,'64,  in  Co.  K. 

37th  INFANTRY. 

COMPANY  C. 

Brigg,  Henn-,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  v.  in.  o.  May  1.5, 
'66. 

Cleaveland,  Chas.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  v.  m.  o.  May 
]5,'66. 

Cleaveland,  James,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  v.  m.o.  Oct. 
4,'64. 

Chadwick,  W.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  kid,  Oct.  4,'63. 

Carman,  T.  H.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61. 

Hender,  Vernon,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  4,'64. 

Hawkin.'s,  J.  S.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61. 

Jacobs,  F.  J.,  e.  Aug.  1.'61.  v. 

Morrell,  W.  C,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  v.  pro.  Q.  M.  ser- 
geant. 

McCormifk,  J.,  e.  Aug.  1.'61.  d.  Nov.  16,'62.  dis. 

Manner,  G.  B.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  kid.  Mar.  ",'62. 

Potter,  A.  J.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61. 

Rowling,  C.  J.,  e.  Aug.  1.'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  4.'f4. 

Rich,  Peter,  e.  Sept.  i,'61.  v,  m.  o.  May  l.'i.'fifi. 

Snuire.s,  C.  S.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  m.  o.  Sept.  20,'W. 

Ward,  J.  S.,  e.  Aug.  1,'61.  di^d  Nov.  18,'61. 

COMPANY  F. 

G-illigor,  W.  H.,  e.  .\ug.  19,'61.  m.  o  Oct.  4, '64. 
Hill,  C.  F.,  e.  Aug.  l',t,'61.  m.  o.  Sept.  10,'64, 
Maltby.  C.  c.  Aug.  l'.i,'61.  m.  o.  Sept.  l'.t,'64. 

:59th  REGIMENT. 

COMPANY  F. 

Drake,  J.  C,  e.  Feb.  23,'64.  m.  o.  Dec.  6,'6.'). 
Hiirvev.  Henrv,  e.  Feb.  i!l>,'64.  m.  o.  Julv  17,'6.5. 
Letwiler,  C,  e.  Feb.  ■J9,'64.  m.  o.  Dec.  6,'6.'). 
Lusk,  P.,  e.  Feb.  'i.'Ol.  died  at  Andcrsonville. 
Mittimore,  A.,  e.  Feb.  29,'64    died  Mar.  23,'64. 
Smith,  A.,  e.  Feb.  2,'64.  d.  Mav  6,'6.5.  dis. 
Buttertield,  F.  L.,  e.  Feb.  4,'64.  ra.  o.  Mav  30, 

'6.1. 
Gillmore,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  7, '61,   in  Co.   F.  41st 

regt. 

42d  INFANTRY. 

Day,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  20,'61. 

Biruett,  James,  e.  .\ug.  3,'61.  m.  o.  Feb.  S,'6.">. 

(^hamberlain,  Wm.,  e.  Sept.  1.5,'61.  leg  ampu- 
tated. 

Courtnev,  H.  H.,  e.  Aug.  3, '61.  v.  m.  o.  Dec.  16, 
'65. 

Corbin,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  3,'61.  d.  Aug.  31, '62. 

Diiryea,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  10, '61.  v. 

Gibson,  J.  .\.,  e.  Aug.  3, '61.  wounded. 

Green,  W.  R.,  e.  Aug.  10, '61.  v.  m.  o.  Aug.  3, 
'6.->. 

Hoag,  J.,  e.  Aug.  29,'61.  v.  m.  o.  Dec.  16,'6.5. 

Johnson,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  13, '61. 

Morse,  W.  C,  e.  Aug.  10,'61.  m.  o.  June  3, '6.'). 

Oldham,  J.,  e.  July  13,'01.  v.  ra.  o.  Dec.  16,'6.j. 

Roberts.  J.  J.,  e  Aug.  10,'61.  d.  for  dis. 

Thompson,  John,  e.  July  30,'61.  v.  m.  o.  Dec. 
16,'6.i. 

Vogland,  F.  E,  D.,  e.  Aug,  27,'61.  m.  o.  Sept. 
16,'64,  ■  ' 


47th  INFANTRY 

Was  organized  at  Peoria,  Aug.  16,'61.  It  pro- 
ceeded to  Benton  Barracks,  Sept.  23;  May  9, 
'62,  was  engaged  at  Farmington,  Miss.;  was 
engaged  May  2<S,  near  Corinth,  and  at  that  city 
Oct.  3d  and  4th,  where  they  lost  their  brave 
Col.  W.  \.  Thrush,  while  leading  a  charge. 
The  regiment  lo.st  in  this  engagement  30  killed 
and  over  100  wounded.  May  14, '63,  was  en- 
gaged at  Jackson,  Miss. ;  took  part  in  the 
charge  on  the  enemy's  works  at  Vicksburg 
May  22,  losing  12  killed  and  a  large  number 
wounded;  wsisatthe  battle  of  Pleasant  Hill, 
La.,  April  9,'64.  Returned  to  Yick.sburg  May 
22.  with  Ge".  Smith's  command,  after  a  cam- 
paign of  nearly  three  months,  in  which  they 
suffered  almost  unheard-of  fatigue  and  priva- 
tions, many  men  dying  from  hardships.  The 
47th  met  and  defeated  Gen.  Marmaduke  near 
Lake  Chicat,  in  which  they  lost  11  killed  and 
a  number  wounded.  It  was  mustered  out 
Jan., '66,  at  Selma,  Ala. 

COMPANY  A. 

First  Lieutenant. 
John  W.  Dodds,  e.  Aug.  25,'61.  res.  June  17, '62. 

Sergeant. 
John  Watts,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  Il,'ij4. 

CorporaU. 
James  Parr.  e.  Aug.  16, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Irving  C.  Fox,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
J.  A.  H.  Speer,  e.  Aug.  16,  '61.  m.  o.Oct.  11, '64. 
Reuben  Edmonson,  c.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct. 
11, '64. 

Private.^. 

Baxter.  John,  e.  Aug.  16, '61. 

Cunningham,  Alex.,e.  Aug.  16,'61.  d.  April  13, 

'63.  dis. 
Comb.s,  A.  J.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Cain,  John,  e.  Aug.  16, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Cozad,  B.  F.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  d.  June  19.'62.  di.s. 
Cook,  C.  C,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Dyer,  Martin,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Edmonson,  C.  B.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, 

'6-1. 
Fredrick,  P.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  v.  pro.  1st  Lieut. 
Gray,  D.  H.,  e.  Aug.  16, '61.  died  Nov.  6,'61. 
Glberson,  D.,  e.  Aug.  16, '61. 
Griffith.  T.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Gladman,  Amos.  e.  Aug.  16.'61.  v.  m.  o.  Jan. 

21, '60. 
Hirn,  D.  A.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Haptenstall,  A.  C,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  v.  pro.  Cap- 
tain. 
Hart.  James,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  died  Oct.  22,'62. 
Harlan.  Plato,  e.  Aug.  16,'6].  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Hail  in,  N.  B.,  e.  Aug.  16,'1>1.  m.  o.  Oct.  11,'64. 
Jackson.  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  16,"61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Kirkeudall.  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  v. 
Logan,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  16, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
McFarland,  John,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11. 

'64. 
Patton.  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Dec.  ]7,'64. 
Romine,  S.,  e  Aug.  16, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Stewart,  S.  G.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '&4. 
Toland,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  q.  Oct.  11, '64. 
SulHvan,  S.  D.,  e.  Aug.  16,'61.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, '66. 
Sullivan,  Elijah,  e.  Aug.  16, '61.  v.  m.  o.  Jan. 

21, '66. 
Thurman,  S.  H.,  e.  Aug.  16.'61.  d.  Dec.  15,'62. 

dis. 
Warriner,  J.  C,  e.  Aug.  16,'16.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64. 
Wendall,  J.  R.,  e.  Aug.  16.'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '64 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


361 


Hollistor,  II.  F.,  e.  Av^.  2,'64.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, '00. 
Stewart,  Win.,  c  .Sept.  l,s,'(il.  m.  o.  Aufi.  l,s,'04. 
MfKonzie,  .1.  S.,  e.  Aug.  18,'(il.  <1.  Jan.  •J.'O:!. 

dis. 
Sampson,  J.  T.,  e.  Aug.   18,'61.  d.  Dw.  10,'01-. 

ai«. 
Simp.s.)n,  C.  J.,  o.  Aug.  18,'0l.  died  Aug.  18,'63. 
Sampson,  W.  B.,  e.  Aug.  18, '01.  m.  o.  Get.  11, 

'04. 
Fountain,  Svmuel. 

Snvder,  H.  II.,  e.  Aug.  21, '61.  in  Co.  F. 
Wilmot,   L.   I).,  e.  Aug.  16,'Gl,  in  Co.  G.  m.  o. 
Aug.  11, '04. 

coMPA:r  Y  I. 

Chadwick,  Geo.,  e.  Sept.  4,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  11, '04. 

D.ivis,  J.  11.,  e.  Sept.  4, '01. 

D.ift,  W.  II.,  e.  Sep-.  4,'61, 

Galer,  R.,  e.  Sept.  4, '01.  v.  m.  i\  Jan.  21, '00. 

Leeper,  G.  T.,  e.  Sept.  4, '01.  m.  o.  Get.  11, '04. 

Leeper.  W.  G.,  e.  Sept.  4,'01.  m.  o.  Get.  11, '01. 

Saunders,  Henry,  e.  Sept.  4, '01. 

Stoddard,  Israel,  e.  Sept.  4, '01.  d.  June  24, '02. 

dis, 
Tullis,  Daniel,  e.  Sept.  4.'01.  died  of  vvds.  Get. 

4,'02. 

COMPANY  F. 

47th  consolidated. 

SergeantK. 

John  J.  Bell,  e.  Fel).  24, '05.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, '00. 
J.  G.  Thorn,  e.  Jlar.  l,'0.i.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, '00. 
Wm.  Maxwell,  e.  !\Iar.  1,'0«.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, '06. 

Privates. 
CuUey,  John,  e.  Feb,  23, '65.  d.  Nov.  18, '05.  dis. 
Dvwson,  Rol)t.,  e.  Feb.  21!, '()5.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, '00. 
Davis,  Joseph,  e.  Feb.  2:!, '65.  m.  o.  May  23. '05. 
Fahee,  Wni.,  e.  Feb.  21, '65.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, '66. 
G  imble,  J.,  e.  Mar.  1,'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  21,'0{i. 
Hendrieks,  James,  e.  Mar.  1,'05.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, 

'00. 
Hendrieks,  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  '23.'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, 

Johnson,  Levi,  e.  Feb.  25,'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, '(iO. 
McKinney.  J.   G.,  c.  Mar.  2, '65.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, 

'66. 
Ohern,  M.,  e.  Feb.  24,'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  21, '66. 
Turl,  F.,  e.  Mar.  1,'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  '21, '06. 

SOth  INFANTRY 

Was  organized  in  the  mouth  of  August,  1861, 
by  Col.  Moses  M.  Bane.  The  .50th  was  engaged 
at  Shiloh,  April  61hand7th;  engaged  in  the 
siege  of  Corinth,  May,  1862.  June  4  it  pursued 
the  enemy  as  far  as  Bjoneville,  Miss.,  return- 
ing to  Corinth  June  10.  The  regiment  wsus  en- 
gaged in  a  number  of  battles  and  skirmishes, 
during  their  service.  About  three-fourdis  of 
the  regiment  re-eidisted  as  veterans  and  were 
mustered  Jan.  16,'04,  when  they  left  for  Illinois 
for  veteran  furlough.  The  50th  was  one  of  the 
best  drilled  regiments  in  the  service.  In  the 
prize  drill  July  3,'05,  with  the  G3d  Illinois,  7th 
Iowa  and  .50th  Illinois  competing,  the  latter 
won  the  prize  banner.  They  were  mustered 
out  of  service  July  13,  1865. 

Lieutenant-  Colo  n  el. 

Mer\-in  B.  Converse,  e.  Sept.  10, '61,  m.  o.  July 
13, '65. 

Adjutant. 
Walter  S.  Wood,  e.  Aug.  26, '64,  res.  April  14, '65. 


QtmrfermaMfr  Sergeant. 
\.  J.  Ransom,  e.  Sept.  10,'01,d.  Julvl5,'62,  dis. 
Miller,  Wm.,  Co.  F,  e.  Nov.  14, '64. 
Randall,  Stephen,  Co.  F,  e.  Nov.  14, '64,  m.  o. 

July  13, '65. 
Seott,  Joseph,  Co.  F,  e.  Nov  14, 'M,  m.  o.  July 

13, '65. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain. 
Jacob  Fleming,  e.  Sept.  '25,'61,  m.  o.  July  13,'65. 

First  Lieutenants. 

E.  P.  Birrett,  e.  Dec.  12.'61,  res.  July  13,'62. 
Lewis  Zolman,  e.  Sept.  lO.'Ol,  res.  Aug.  31, '62. 
James  D.  Graham,  e.  Sept.  25,  '61,  m.  o.  July 
13, '65. 

Second  Lieutenant.^. 
J.  B.  Strode,  e.  Sept.  lO.'Ol.  m.  o.  July  13,'65. 
A.  S.  Wright,  e.  Dec.  14,'61,  kid  Gct.'5,'64. 

Sergeant. 

J.  W.  DeVaney,  e.  Sept.  10,'61.  m.  o.  July  13,'G5. 

Corporals. 

Wm.  Gustin,  e.  Oct.  1,'61,  d.  May  6,'fi2,  dis. 
J.  A.  Gustin,  e.  Oct.  1,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  7,'64. 
O.  S.  Hunger,  e.  Sept.  10,'61. 
Privates. 

Burgett,  W.  C,  e.  Sept.  10,'61,  m.  o.  Sept.  '27,'64. 

Bvbee,  C.  H.,e.  Oct.  1.'61. 

Blain,  J.   H.,  e.  Sept.  19,'61,  m.  o.  July  13,'65, 

corpl. 
Binghman,  W.  H.,  e.  Get.  8,'61,  died  July  19.'02. 
Comptou,  J.  J.,  e.  Sept.  24, '01,  m.  o.  Sept.  27, '04. 
Chicken,  N.  D.,  e.  Get,  12,'01,  m.  o.  Oct.  7,'64. 
Culver,  Solon,  e.  Oct.  8,  '61,  m.  o.  Oct.  7, '64, 

corpl. 
Fridley,  A.  T.,  e.  Oct.  1,'61,  m.  o.  Sept.  27,'64. 
Fate,  Martin,  e.  Oct.  l.'Ol,  m.  o.  Sept.  27, '64, 

corpl. 
Fate,  G.  R.,  e.  Sept.  lO.'Ol,  m,  o.  Sept.  27,"04. 
(Jraham,  J.  S.,  e.  Sept.  25,'01,  d.  July  1,'02,  dis. 
Holt,  Ira,  e.  Sept.  lU.'Ol,  m.  o.  Sept.  •27,'64. 
Jennings,  G.  W.,  e.  Sept.  24,'01,  d.  June  17, '02, 

dis. 
Knock,  W.  R.,  e.  Oct.  1,'61,  m.  o.  July  13,'65, 

Sergt. 
Knock,  Bruce,  e.  Oct.  1,'01,  m.  o.  Sept,  27, '64. 
Leslie,  T.  H.,  e.  Sept.  10,'61,  pro.  hos.  steward, 

U.  S.  A. 
Moon,  D.  R.,  e.  Sept.  ]0,'01,  m.  o.  Sept.  27, '64. 
McQueen,  T.,  e.  Oct.  1,'01,  v.  m.  o.  July  13,'65, 

sergt. 
McGee,  Terry,  e.  Oct.  8,'01,  v.  m.  o.  July  13,'65, 

sergt . 
Nolan,  Augustus,  e.  Oct.  8,'61,  m.o.  Oct.  7,'64. 
Nolan,  John,  e.  Oct.  8,'61,  d.  June  21, '62,  wnds. 
Overton,  C.  E.,  e.  Sept.  lO.'Ol,  iiro.  1st  sergt.  1st 

Ala.  Inf. 
Quigley.  E.  J.,  e.  Sept.  10,'61,  m.  o.  Sept.  27,''64. 
Reese,  H,  B.,  e.  Sept.  10, '01,  m.  o.  Sept.  27, '64. 
Reese.  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  lO.'Ol,  m.  o.  Sept.  27.'04. 
Wheeler,  A.  O.,  e.  Sept.  lO.'Ol,  m.  o.  Sept.  27,'04. 
Wyant,  I.  F.,  e.  Oct.  8,'01,  m.  o.  Oct.  7,'64. 
Zolman,  A.  P.,  e.  Oct.  8,'61,  kid.  May  16,'62. 
Anderson,  R.  R.,  e.  Mar.  7, '65,  m.  o.  Jidy  13, '65. 
Anthony.  Wm.,  e.  Mar.  9, '65,  m.  o.  July  13. '65. 
Anderson,  J.  S.,  e.  Jan.  26, '64,  d.  Mar.  7,"'65,  dis. 
Bogue,  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  8,'64,  m.  o.  July  13,'65, 

corpl. 
Bean,  Joseph,  e.  Feb.  4, '64,  m.  o.  Jtilv  13, '65. 
Berry,  Tlios.  A.,  e.  Feb.2.5,'64,  m.  o.  .tuly  13,'65. 
Bradley,  Samuel,  e.  April  1, '65,  m.o.  Jidv  13, '65. 
Chicken,  John,  e.  Jan.  20, '05,  m.  o.  July  13, '05. 
Conn,  G.  W.,  e.  Mar.  7, '05,  abs.  sick  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Dor.sey,  N.  H.,  e.  Mar.  7,'G5,  m.  o.  July  13,'65. 
Graham,  J.  S.,  e.  Feb.  8,'64,  m.  o.  July  13,'65, 

corpl. 
Gustine,  Wm.,  e.  Mar.  7,'65,  m.  o.  July  13,'65. 
Graham,  J.  T.,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  m.o.  Ju'lv  13,'65. 
Gregory,  D.  B.,  e.  Feb.  10, '65,  m.  o.  July  13, '65. 


362 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


Hoopes,  John.'e.  Jan.  26, '(U.  m.  o.  Julvl3,'65. 
Knock,  .T.  N.,e.  Feb.  2.5, '64,  m.  o.  July  13,'6.5. 
Lamb,  E.  H.,  e.  Mar.  7,'6.i,  m.  o.  Julv  13, "0.1. 
Mathe\v.s,  J.  T.,  Feb.  1CI,'6.5,  m.  o.  July  13,'6.5. 
>rcMullen,    Rufus.   e.    Mar.    7,  '65,   m.o.  Julv 

13,'fw. 
Pickering,  A.  L.,  e.  Jlar.  9, '6.5,  m.  o.  July  13, '65. 
Parks,  James,  e.  Mar.  7, '65,  m.  o.  July  13, '65. 
Pickering,  J.,  e.  Feb.  10, '65,  m.  o.  June  i6, '65. 
Strode,  .\.  H.,  e.  Feb.  8,'64,  m.  o.  Julv  13,'6.5. 
Strode.  \V.  .«.,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  m.  o.  July  13,'65. 
Allder,  I.  F.,  e.  Nov.  14, '64,  died  Jan.  18,'65. 
Cory,  J.  W.,  e.  Nov.  17, '64,  m.  o.  July  13, '65. 
Klemj),  A.,  e.  Nov.  30, '64,  m.  o.  Julv  13,'65. 
Marshall,  J.  M.,  e.  Nov.  14,'64,  m.o."july  ],'65. 
Poe,  Anthony  G.,  e.  Nov.  14,  '64,  died  Jan.  12, 

'65. 

51st  INFANTRY 

Was  organized  December  24, '61,  and  on  Febru- 
ary 14,'62,  was  ordered  to  Cairo,  111.,  Col.  Cum- 
mings  commanding.  April  7,  the  regiment 
moved  against  Island  No.  10:  on  the  <Sth  pur- 
sued the  enemy,  compelling  the  surrender  of 
f!eu.  Mackall.  On  the  11th  embarked  and 
moved  down  the  Mississippi  to  Osceola,  Ark., 
and  disembarked  on  the  22d.  The  51st  partic- 
ipated in  the  battles  of  Farmington,  siege  of 
Corinth,  Nashville,  Stone  River,  Chickamauga, 
Roc-ky  Face  Ridge,  Kenesaw  Mountain  and 
many  others.  They  were  in  the  thickest  of  the 
fight  at  (^hickamauga,  sustaining  heavy  loss, 
nearly  one-half  of  the  number  engaged  being 
killed  or  wounded.  They  also  sustained  a 
severe  loss  at  Kenesaw  Mountain.  The  regi- 
ment was  heavily  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Nashville,  December  1,  where  they  lost  150  men 
in  killed,  wounded  and  mi.ssing.  The  .51st  was 
mustered  out  at  Camp  Irwin,  Texas.  .'Septem- 
ber 25,  1S65,  and  arrived  at  Camp  Hutler,  Octo- 
lier  15, 1865,  where  they  received  final  pay  and 
discharge. 

COMPANY   1. 

Captain. 

Henrv  Augustine,  e.  Feb.  '25,  "65,  m.  o.  Sept. 
2.'V65. 

First  Lirutcnant. 
Geo.  A.  Turner,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  •25,'65. 

^  Second  Lieutenant. 

Samuel  Nntt,  e.  Feb.  •23,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  •25,'65. 
First  Sergeant. 
»        \V.  I).  Johnson,  e.  Feb.  '25, '65,  m.o.  Sept.  25, '65. 
Sergeant. 

.T.  P.  Fox,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  '25, '65. 
W.  H.  Brown,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  •25,'65. 
George  Black,  e.  Feb.  '25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25, '65. 
.las.  H.  Burk,  e.  Feb.  25,'6.5,  m.  o.  Sept.  •25,'6.5. 
CorporalK. 

Jesse  Beason,  e.  Feb.  25, "65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25.'65.  • 
John  Newton,  e.  Feb.  25, '(io,  m.  o.  Sept.  25.'65- 
J.  M.  Putnam,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25, '65- 
Malen  Blanvett,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.o.  Sept.  25, '65 
Geo.  Sebree,  e.  Feb,  '25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25. '65. 
Philander  Wilkins,  e.  Feb.  '25,'65,  m.  o,  Sept. 

2.5, '65. 
Peter  Walling,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25, '65. 

Musicians. 

Theodore  Wilson,  e.  Feb.  25,  '65,  m.  o.  Sept. 
25,'6.5. 


W.  E.  Walgamot,  e.    Feb.  25,  '65,  m.  o.  Sept. 
•2.5, '6.5. 

Wagoner. 
Isaac  V.  Dean,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  '25, '65. 

Privates. 
Bailey,  V.  L.,  e.  Feb.  •25.'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Birkshire,  J.  C,  e.  Mar.  16,'65,  m.o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Baylor,  J.  R..  e.  Feb.  25. '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  '25. '65. 
Birkshire,  Hamilton,  e.  Mar.  13, '65,  m.  o.  Aug. 

18, '65. 
Bringar,  W.  H.,  e.  Mar.  20,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Barber,   Robert,  e.  Mar.  16, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  '25. 

'(55,  corpl. 
Black,  W.  H.,  e.  Feb.  •25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Bryant,  Daniel,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.o.  Sept.  25,'65, 
Barber,   Geo.   W.,   e.  Feb.   •25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept. 

■25, '65. 
Bennett,  E.,  e.  Feb.  2-5. '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25. '65. 
Bragg,  J.  F.,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.  o.  May  11, '65. 
Burkinshaw,   Geo.,  e.   Feb.  '25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept. 

25, '65. 
Blaine,  James,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Ball,  Harrison,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  ni.  o.  Sept.  25, '65. 
Connelly,  S.  L.,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Cisco.  M.  S..  e.  Feb.  14, '65,  died  April  9,'6.5. 
Cox,  John  B.,  e.  Mar.  20, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  '25, '65, 
Conlin,  Thos.,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  '25/65. 
Cooper,  H.  A.,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m,  o.  Sept.  25, '65. 
Davis,  D.  T.,  e.  Feb.  •25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
David.son.  Wm.,  e.  March  18,  '65,  m.  o.  Sept. 

'25, '65. 
Dewey,  Frederick,  e.  Feb.  23, '65,  m.  o.  Sept. 

25, '65. 
Dunkin.  Joseph,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.  o.  Aug.  9,'65. 
Edgar,  Thomas,  e.  Feb.  "25, ,65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25, '65. 
Fox,  J.  P..  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  '25, '65. 
Ford,  Thomas,  e.  Feb.  '25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25.'65. 
Grovendyke,  Garrett,  e.  Mar.  13, '65,  died  Aug. 

6, '65. 
Garrison,  J.  \V.,  e.  Mar.  20,'65. 
Greenslit,   Hubert,  c.  Feb.  '25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept. 

25, '65. 
Harris,  Isaac,  c.  Mar.  20,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25, '65. 
John.son,  Erick,  e.  Feb.  '25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Jones,  W.  W..  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Jones,  James,  e.  Feb.  25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Knapi>,  J.  D.,  e.  Feb.  '25,  '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Luther.  John,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  '25, '65. 
.McICinney.  E.,  e.  >Iar.  14, '65,  in.  o.  Sept.  25, '65. 
Moore,  Ezekiel,  e.  Fel).  14, "65,  m.o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
McCreary,  W.  H.,  e.  Feb.  '25.  '65,  m.  o.  Aug. 

62,'6.5. 
McCreary,  J.  L.,  e.  Mar.  •20,'65,  m.o.  Sept.  15,'65. 
-McKinlev,  M.  G.,  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Mille,  G.'W.,  e.  Feb.  •2.5.'65. 
Mills,  Andrew,  e.  Feb.  •25.'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  •25,'65. 
Oatman,  Jacob,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Provard,    Robert,   e.  Feb.   25,  '65,    m.  o.  Aug. 

9, '65. 
Provard.  C.  W.,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  died  April 2,'65. 
Pickett,  W.  W.,  e.  Feb.  •25,'65,  m.  o.  May  23,'65. 
Pretman,  J.  W.,  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Pavton,  Elijah,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Rooks.  William,  e.  Feb.  •25,'65,  m.o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Rawalt.  John,  e.  Mar.  6, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25, '65. 
Schooley,  Benj.,  c.  Feb.  •25,'65,  m.o.  Sept.  •25,'65. 
Sebree,  Preston,  e.  Feb.  25,'65m.  o.  Sept.  '26,'65. 
Singleton,  Milton,  e.  Feb.  '25, '65,  m.  o.  Sept. 

25, '65. 
Scott,  Robert,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'6o. 
Scrivner,   Leander,  e.  Mar.  ■20,'65,  m.  o.  Sept. 

25, '65. 
See.  David,  e.  Mar.  17,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  8, '65. 
Sylva,  T.  W.,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  •25,'65. 
Wilke,  J.  H.,  e.  Feb.  25,'65,  m.  o.  Mav  23,'65. 
Wilcoxen,  W.  H.,  e.  Feb.  '25,  '65,  m.  o.  Sept. 

•25, '65. 
Ward,  E.  L.,  e.  Mar.  18,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  15,'65. 
Wages.  John,  e.  Fel).  2o,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Wise,  Jacob,  e.  Feb.  25,'6o,  m.  o.  Sept.  25, '65. 

Eldridge,  J.  B.,  Co.  B,  e.  Dec.  24, 'G3,  kid.  June 
20, '64. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


363 


Thos.  McCor-.nick,  corpl.,  Co.  F,  e.  April  l.').'Gl>, 

m.  o.  June  16,'65. 
Jones,  Warren,  Co.  F,  e.  Mav  .S,'62. 
Kellv,  F.  M.,  Co.  F,  e.  A))ril  24,'62,  m.  o.  June 

16, '65. 
Wisner,  W.  E.,  e.   Dee.  2J.'63,  Co.  I,  52d  Inf., 

m.  o.  July  0,'65. 
Williams,  E.'C,  e.  Feb.  6,'(;4,  Co.I,  52d  Inf.,  m. 

o.  June  24, "Go. 

53d  INFANTRY. 

Mann,  C.  W.,  Co.   A.,  v.  Oct.  19, '64,  sub.  ni.  o. 

July  22, '6.5. 
Sommers,  A.  J.,  Co.  A.,e.  Dec.  7, '64,  sub.  m.  o. 

July  22, '65. 

COMPANY  K. 

Edwin  Vaucler\-ere,  Coriil.   e.  Jan.  ;<,'62.  klii. 

Oct.  5, '62. 
Cameron,  A.  A.,  e.  Jan.  9, '62.  d.  Aiil.  2o,'63. 

dis. 
Elliott,  I.  v.,  e.  Jan.  '.),'6i  died  Apl.  10,'62. 
Elliott,  Jasper,  e.  Jan.   '.»,'62.  died  June  21,'62. 
MeCabe,  John,   e.  Jan.  1(),'62.  died  Apl.  12,'62. 
Shields,  J.  B.,  e.  Jan.  '.i.'62.  ni.  o.  Fel).  It'i.'ii.'y. 
Warner,  S.   1).,  e.  Jan.  lo.'lil.  ni.  o.  July  22, '65. 
Carr,  William,  e.  :Mar.  11, '62.  died  July  S,'62. 
Kirk,  Wm.,  e.  Mar.  10, '62.  d.  Oct.  16, '62.  dis. 
Keys,  T.  J.,  e.  Mar.  8,'62. 
Kirk,  George,  e.  Mar,  9,'65.  m.  o.  July  22, '65. 
Lovell,  George,  e.  Mar.  .s,'62.  m.  o.  'Slur.  26, '65. 
Loyell,  Sam'l.,  e.  Mar.  S,'62.  m.  o.  July  15, '65. 

pris. 
Marble,  H.  A.,  e.  Mar.  8, '62. 
Richardson,  Oils,  e.  Mar.  1, '62.  d.  June  is, '62. 

dis. 
Ellison,  Silas,  e.  Dec.  7, 'til.  ni.  o.  July  22, '65. 
MeCune,  H.  S.,  e.  Mar.  1,'62.     . 
Sandeison,  J.  C.  e.  Mar.  11, '62.  d.  Dec.  24, '62. 

dis. 
Niblack,  J.   M.,e.  Apl.  15,'65.  m.  o.  May  8, '65. 
Tunderberk,  D.  H.,  e.  Apl.  15, '65.  m.  o.  May  8, 

'65. 
Saffer,  John  F.,  e.  Noy.  14, '64,  Co.  F.,  3d  Inf. 

m.  o.  July  22,, 65. 

55th  INFANTRY 

Was  organized  at  Camp  Douglas, and  mustered 
into  service  Oct.  .31,  1861.  Nov.  9,  left  Camp 
Douglas.  Remained  at  Camp  Benton  until 
Jan.  12,  1862,  when  it  was  ordered  to  Paducah, 
Ky.  On  the  morning  of  March  15  marched 
out  with  expedition  from  a  point  some  14 
miles  above  Pittsburg  Landing,  for  the  sur- 
prise and  overthrow  of  Corinth. 

The  opening  of  the  battle,  Sunday  morning, 
found  the  regiment  in  posi  tion  with  an  effec- 
tive force  of  873  men.  Col.  Stewart  was 
wotxnded  and  9  of  the  line  offlcers,  3  of  whom 
died  of  wounds;  102  enlisted  men  were  killed 
and  mortally  wounded,  and  161  wounded  and 
taken  prisoners.  The  regiment  was  with  the 
army  in  advance  on  Corinth,  and  at  Russell's 
house,  May  17,  lost,  in  skirmish,  8  men,— 2 
killed  and  6  wounded.  Entered  Corinth  May 
30;  thence,  \Ht\\  Gen.  Sherman,  westward 
along  Memjihis  and  Charleston  R.  R.  The 
regiment  re-embarked  with  army,  and  was 
present  and  under  fire  at  battle  of  Arkansas 
Post,  Jan.  10  and  11,  1863,  losing  three  men 
wounded.  Was  at  Vicksburg  in  1863,  partici- 
pating in  the  tight.    Participated  in  the  siege 


of  Jackson,  Miss.  On  30th  Oct.,  1863,  marched 
from  East  Point,  (m  Tennessee  river,  for  Chat- 
tanooga. During  night  of  23rd,  with  rest  of 
brigade,  manned  a  fle^t  of  pontoon  boats  in 
North  Chiekamauga  creek,  and  in  the  midst  of 
rain  and  intense  darkness,  with  muffled  oars, 
descended  and  crossed  the  Tennessee  river  and 
captured  the  enemy's  picket  line.  Nov.  25, 
marched  with  Sherman  to  the  relief  of  Knox- 
ville,  E.  Tenn.  June  27,  1864,  participated  in 
assault  upon  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Ga.  July  22 
the  regiment  was  again  engaged,  with  aneftec- 
tive  force  of  239  men,  and  came  out  of  the  en- 
gagement with  180  men.  Was  in  the  siege  of 
Athmta:  in  battle  of  Jonesboro.  In  a  short 
campaign  of  a  little  over  two  months  the  regi- 
ment lost  half  its  number.  Marched  with 
army,  via  Ricnmond,  to  Washington;  partici- 
pated in  the  grand  review  at  W'ashington. 
During  its  term  of  service  the  regiment 
marched  3,374  miles. 

Lieutenant-Colonel. 

Theodore  C.  Chandler,  e.  Dec.  19,'62.  res.  July 
3, '64. 

Surgeon. 

Charles  B.  Tompkins,  e.  Nov.  25, '64.  m.  o.  Aug. 
14, '65. 

Fird  Amstant  Surgeon. 

John  B.  Tompkins,  e.  May  5,'65.  m.  o.  Aug.  14, 
'65. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captains. 
Wm.  N.  Bresson,  e.  Oct.  31, '61.  res.  Mar.  13,'62. 
Jacob  M.  Augustine,  e.  Oct.  31, '61.  kid.  June 

27, '64. 
Henry  Augustine,  e.  Aug.  23,'61.  m.  o.  Nov.  6, 

'64. 
Harrison  H.  Priokett,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Aug. 

14,'6.5. 

First  Lieutenants. 

Casper  Shleich,  e.  Oct.  31,'61.  kid.  Dec.  29,'62. 

Capt. 
Wm.  F.  Cootes,  e.  Sep.  1,'61.  res.  Mar.  30,'63. 

Capt. 
Wm.  McCumber,  e.  Sep:  2,'61.  m.  o.  Aug.  14,'65. 

Sergt. 

Second  Lieutenants. 
Levi  Hill,  e.  Sep.  30,'61.  kid.  May  19, '63. 
John  P.  Phillips,  Sergt.  e.  Aug.  23, '61. 
Corporals. 

Geo.  Luckey,  e.  Aug.  12,'61.  d.  July  24,'62.  dis. 
John  C.  Glass,  e.  Aug.  ;50,'61.  kid."  May  19,'63. 

1st  Sergt. 
Peter  Shleich,  e.  Aug,  31, '61.  Trans,  to  I.  C. 
S.  J.  Simpson,  e.  Aug.  9,'61. 
G.  A.  Buftum,  e.  Oct.  7,'61.  d.  Jan. '63.  dis. 

Privates. 
Apple,  N.,  e.  Sep.  10, '61. 
Banks,  J.  M.,  e.  Julv  31, '61. 
Babbitt,  C.  e.  Aug."9,'61. 
Bolander,  Harvey,  e.  Sep.  2,'61.  kid.  July  22, 

'64. 
Bull,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  9,'61. 
Boyle,  Jason,  e.  Sep.  12,'61. 
Burnside,  G.  M.,  e.  Sep.  14, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Barclay,  J.  M,,  e.  Oct.  9, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Brown,  E.  C,  e.  Sep.  2,'6].  d.  Jan.  28,'63.  dis. 
Burns,  John,  e.  Sep.  20,'61.  kid.  Mav  22,'63. 

Sergt. 
Brader,  Sam'l.,  e.  Oct.  10.'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31,'64. 
Barclay.  J.  C,  e.  Sep.  11, '61.  m,  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 


364 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUXTY, 


CoTkendall,  M.,  'c.  Oct.  16,'61.  ;d.  Jan.  28,'6.3. 

dis. 
Cox,  M.  T.,  e.  Sep.  l.'fil.  m.  o.  Aug.  14. "65. 
Coleman, ,W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Aug.  14, 

'6.5. 
Chambers,  Chas.,  e.  Sep.  2,'61. 
Cadwallader,  John.  e.  Sep.  2,'61,  pro.  Lieut. 

2d  Mississippi  Col'd  Regt. 
Clark,  James,  e.  Sep.  14,'61.  died  July  0,'64. 

wds. 
Deford,  Milton,  e.  Aug.  31, '61. 
Deems,  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 

Sergt. 
Duryea.  B.  F.,  e.  Sep.  2,'Gl.  m.  o.  Oct.  31,'64. 
Deford,  Thijma.s,  e.  Sep.  1,'61. 
Eveland,  Lorenzo,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, 

'64. 
Elrodd,  T.  J.,  e.  Aug.  .31, '61.  died  Aug.  21, '63. 
Frye,    David   J.,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Aug.  14, 

'6.5.  .sergt. 
Filer,  Lorenzo,  e.  Sep.  3,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  .31,'64. 
Garritt.  S.  S.,  e.  Sep.  24,'61.  trans,  to  Art. 
Glass,  W.  M.,  e.  Oct.  12,'61.  m.  o.  Aug.  14.'65. 

corpl. 
Gav,  J.  H.,  e.  Sep.  14.'61.  d.  Sep.  4.'62.  dis. 
HufTard,  F.  M.,  e.  Sep.  ]0.'61.  died  Nov.  19,'63. 
Hart,  H.  L.,  e.   Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 

corpl. 
Hamilton,  C.  F.,  e.  Aug.  31,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, 

'64. 
Holden,  Bartley,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  Missing  in  ac- 
tion June  27, '64. 
Hebb,  Joseph,  e.  Julv  .3n,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  .31, 'W. 
Hastey,  Willis,  e.  Oct.  o.'Ol.  kid.  July  2.S.'64. 
Jones,  Abner,  e.  Sep.  2, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Lowe,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  5,'6].  m.  o.  Oct.  31. '64. 
Lowden,  James,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, 

'64. 
Lowder,  A.  J.,  e.  Aug.  :!1,'61.  m.  o.  Aug.  14, 

'6.5.  Sergt. 
Lenhiirt,  H'enrv,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  died  Aug.  21, 

'63. 
Lingenfelter,  Aarou,  e.  Aug,  0,'61.  m.  o.  July 

22, '6.5.  V. 
Lenhart.  Is  uah,  e.  Aug.  31, '61. 
Miran,  Chus.,  e.  Aug.  ]3,'6l.  died  Oct.  17,'6.3. 
Mitchell,  Mathews,  e.  Aug.  13,'61.  m.  o.  Aug. 

14, '65.  Corpl.  V. 
Maxwell,  A.  B.,  e.  Aug,  S,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Maxwell,  D.  R.,  e.  Aug.  5,'61.  d.  Mar.  10,'65. 

dis.  V. 
McCiimber,  Orvill,  e.  Sep.  2,'61.  d.  Jan.  28,'63 

dis. 
Mills,  J.  H.,  e.  Sept.  13,'61.  m.  o.  Aug.  14,'fi.5. 

Sergt.  V. 
Morgan,  Newton,  e.  Sept.  13,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, 

'64. 
McCiiUough,  J.  R.,  e.  Aug.  2.5,'61.  m.  o.  Aug. 

14. '65.  corpl.  V. 
Negley,  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Nov.  1,'64. 

sergt. 
Norman,  James,  e.  Sep.  12,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Prickett,  J.  P.,  e.  Sep.  .3, "61. 
Porter,  Edgar,  e.  Oct.  17,'61.  m.  o.  Nov.  1,'64. 
Pritchard,  Benj.,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Mar.  27. 

'6.5. 
Pollock,  Harrison,  e.  Oct.  7,'61. 
Porter,  F.  J.,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  d.  Sep.  14,'62.  di.s. 
Peters,  W.  T.,  e.  Aug.  13,'61. 
Robbins,  J.  F.,  e.  Aug.  26, '61. 
Redfarm,  Mark,  c.  Aug.  31, '01.  ra.  o.  Oct.  3], '64. 
Rockhold,  Chas.,  e.  Aug.  5, '61.  died  Sep.  11, '63. 
Reeves,  D.  M.,  e.  Sep.  6, '61. 
Ross,  S.  M.,  e.  Aug.  31, '61. 
Roseboom,  A.,  e.  Oct.  9,'61. 
Scanlan,  Tho's.,  e.  Aug.   8.'G1.  m.  o.  Aug.  14. 

'65.  corpl.  V. 
Shaw,  Harvey,  e.  Oct.  5, '61.  m.  o.  Mavl0.'6.5,  v. 
Sebree,  James,  e.  Aug.  10,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31,'64. 

corpl. 
Tobin,  Patrick,  e.  Sep.  2,'61.  kid.  May  10,'G3. 
Vaughn,  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  15,'61.  m.  o.  Aug.  14, 

'65.  V, 


White,  J.  M.,e.  Aug.  8.'61.  d.  June6,'65.  wds.  V 
Wheeler,  J.  P.,  e.  Sep.  24,'61.  m.  o.  Aug.  14,'65- 

Sergt.  V. 
Williamson,  N..  e.  Aug.  22,'61. 
Wilson,  Benj.,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  d,  Sep.  4, '62.  dis. 
White,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  31, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Wellington,  H.,  e.  July  31, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31,'64. 
Cox.  A^  J.,  e.  Mar.  7. '65.  m.  o.  June  8,'65. 
Fiugle,  C.  P.,  e.  Mar.  7,'65.  m.  o.  Aug.  14,'65. 

COarPANY  D. 

First  Lieutenants. 
J.  R.  Robert.s,  e.  Sep.  12, "61.  m.  o.  Nov.  26, '62. 
Jacob  Frink,  e.  Sep.  12,'61.  m.  o.  O.n.  30,'64. 
Wm.  S.  Johnson,  2nd  Lieut.,  e.  Oct.  31, '61.  Res. 

Mar.  5, '62. 
Chas.  G.  Burnap,  1st  Sergt.  e.  Sep.  12,'6]. 
J.  K.  Niles,  1st  Sergt.  e.  Sep.  r2,'61.  m.  o.  Nov. 

4,'64. 

Sergeants. 

Job  Vaughn,  e.  Sep.  '22, '61.  m.  o.  Nov.  1,'64. 
James  M.  Green,  e.  Oct.  11,'61.  m.  o.  July  12,65. 

Corporals. 

M.  C.  Athearn,  e.  Oct.  8, '61.  kid.  Aug.  31, '64. 

sergt. 
James  Havell,  e.  Sep.  12, "61.  v. 
T.  Wilhelm,  e.  Sep,  12,'61.   m.  o.  Nov.  1,'64. 

sergt. 
.Tames  Knapp,  e.  Sep.  22,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  .31, '64. 
J.  A.  Knott,  e.  Oct.  .s,'61.  d.  Jan.  2S,'63.  di.s. 
Asa  Morris,  e.  Sep.  22. '61.  m.  o.  Aug.  14. '65.  1st 

sergt.  v. 

Privates. 

Abbott,  Joseph,  e.  Oct.  8, '61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64- 
Athearn,  J.  F.,  e.  Oct.  8.'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, ,64. 
Bavless,  Wm.,  e.  Oct.  l'.t.'61. 
Boiincy,  W.  W.,  e.  Oct.  8,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'65. 

Sergt.  V. 
Bonncy,  S.  P.,  e.  Oct.  18,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31.'64. 
Burlingame,  Sam'l..  e.  Sep.  22, '61.  d.  Jan.  28, 

'63.  dis. 
Bulger,  John,  e.  Sep.  22,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Burk,  D.  S,,  e.  Sep.  12,'61.  kid.  Aug.  12,'64. 
Bragg.  J.  F.,  e.  Sep.  22,'61.  died  Jan.  1,'64. 
Carder.  Benj.,  e.  Oct.  5, '61,  died  Jan.  15, '64. 
Curry,  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  16,'61.  kid.  May  19,'63. 
Conger,  John,  e.  Sept.  ]2,'61. 
Cameron,  J.  H.,  e.  Oct.  8,'61,  m.  o.  July  15,'65,v. 
Curfman,  G.  W.,  e.  Oct.  19,'61,  m.  o.   Aug.   14, 

65,  sergt.  v. 
Campbell,  W.  H.,  e.  Oct.  •29,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.31,'64. 
Cheuhall,  Philip,  e.  Oct.  1,'Gl.  died  .Jan.  10,'62. 
Criss,  W.  IL,  e.  Sep.  27, "61,  m.  o.  Oct.  31, "64. 
Dewev.  A.  S.,  e.  Oct.  l>i.'61,  missing  at  Shiloh. 
Davisi',  Benj.,  e.  Oct.  20,'61,  d.  Feb.  11,'6'2. 
Erwin,  Je.'^.se.  e.  Sept.  8, '61. 
Fields,  G.  H.,  e.  Aug.  26,'61. 
Fisher,  Jacob,  e.  Oct.  15, '61. 
Greathouse,  Daniel,  e.  Sept.  11, '61. 
Hughes,  T.  H.,  e.  Sept.  12,'61. 
HufFord,  James,  e.  Sept.  12, '61,  m.  o.   Aug.  14, 

'65,  V. 
Hill,  Solomon,  e.  Oct.  8,'61,  d.  .Tan.  28,'63,   dis. 
Hartson,  James,  e.  Oct.  18,'61. 
Hallibaugh,  Wm.,  e.  Oct.  19,'61,  d.  Jan.    28,'63, 

dis. 
Johnson,  Thos.,  e.  Oct.  22,'61. 
Jordan,  Chas.,  e.  Sept.  14,'61. 
Knight,  .SamL,  e.  Oct.  11, '61,  m.  o.  Aug.  ]4,'65, 

Corpl.  V. 
Laswell,  James,  e.  Oct.  S.'61. 
Michaels,  F.  A.,  e.  Oct.  24, '61. 
Paden,  E.  F.,  e.  Se])t.  27,'61,  m.  o.  June  17. '65. 
Pallett,  Geo.,  e.  Sept.  12,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  31,'64. 
Parker,  G.  T.,  e.  Sept.  11, '61. 
Ross,  W.  A.,  e.  Oct.  22,'6]. 
Rodenbangh,  L.  N.,  e.  Sept.  22,'61,  died  Nov. 

16, '62,  wnds. 
Sheaneman,  John,  e.  Oct.  17, '61,  m.  o.  Aug.  14, 

'65,  Corpl.  pris. 
Saville,  Edward,  e.  Sept.  29. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


365 


Shaw,  Hiram,  e.  Oct.  19,'61,  m.  o.   Aug.  14,'65. 

Sh:i\v,  James,  e.  Oct.  '25,'t)l. 

Sebree,  Preston,  e.  Sept.  22. 'Gl. 

Shoup,  A.  D.,  e.  Sapt.  22,'Gl.  m.  o.  Aug.  14, '64. 

Smith,  H  irrisou,  e.  Sjpt.  22,'61,  d.  Jan.  28,  dis. 

Shelleuberger,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  19,'tJl. 

Twitchell,  S.  B.,  e.  Aug.  2G,'(>1. 

Tliompsoa,  S.  L.,  e.  Sept.  22,'Gl. 

Vice,  (t.  B.,  e.  Sept.  22, '61,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 

White,  T.  J.,  e.  O.'t.  8,'Gl,  died  Dec.  26,'61. 

Wilkie,  J.  W.,  e.  Oct.  y,'6]. 

Young,  James,  e.  Oct.  1,'Gl. 

Yates,  T.  J.,  Oct.  18, 'Gl. 

COMPANY  F. 

Qiptain. 
Vincent  Brink,  e.  Oct.  3,'61,  died  Oct.  31, 'G3. 

Sergeant. 
H.  M.  Hiney,  e.  03t.  4,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 

Corporals. 
Mason  McCane,  e.  Oct.  4,'Gl. 
P.  B.  Ferguson,  e.  Oct.  4,'Gl,  d.  Jan.  2S,'63,  dis. 

sergt. 
RichirJ  Hmey,  e.  Oct.  4, '61,  kid.  Mav  22, '63. 
J.  H.  Beadles,  e.  Oct.  4,'Gl,  d.  Dec.  G,'G2,  dis. 

Privates. 
Bond,  B.  F.,e.  Oct,  12, '61. 
Cjllier,  Wm.,  e.  Oct.  5,'Gl,  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Fugue,  J.  N.,  e.  Oct.  8,'61,  ra.  o.  Aug.  14,'G5,  v. 
Lyaarger,  L.,  e.  O't.  3, '61. 
Liitz,  A.  B.,  e.  On.  5,'61,  died  Dec.'62. 
McCaughey,  J.  W..  e.  On.  3,'Gl,  m.  o.  Oct.31,'G4. 
M_'Elr,)y,   W.,  e.  O -t.  3),'G1,  d.  Feb.  18, 'G3,  dis. 
S  uiders,  F.  S.,  e.  Oct.  3,'Gl. 
Faiss,  Saml.,  e.  Oct.  12. '61,  d.  July  25, '65,  dis.  v. 
Bjve  IS,  Corydju,  e.  Njv.  26,'Gl. 
B.  C.  Swar.s,  1st  Lieut.  Co.  K,  e.  Oct.  31, '61,  res. 
Mar.  13, '62. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain. 
Peter Rjberts,  e.  Aug.  20,'61,  m.  o.  Aug.  14,'65. 

Privates. 
Loucks,  Delos,  e.  Oct.  4. '61. 
Gay,    J.  VV.,  e.  Jan.  2,'61,  m.   o.    Aug.    14,'65, 
sergt.  wnds. 

57tli  INFANTRY. 

Prior,  M.  F.,  e.  Dec.  16,'61,  Co.  I,  57th  Inf.  m.  o. 

Dec.  24, '61. 
Wages,  C.  H.,  e.  Dec.  16, '61,  Co.  I,  57th  Inf,  m. 

o.  Julv  7, '65,  corpl. 
Wages,  Alfred,  e.  Dec  16, '61,  Co.  I,  57th  Inf.  m. 

o.  July  7, '65,  corpl. 
Bowley,  David,  e.  Jan.  4,'62,  Co.  I,  57th  Inf. 
Thomas,  J.  N.,  Sept.  17, '61,  Co.  K,  57th  Inf.  d. 

Sept.  14, '62,  dis. 
Thorn,    Michael,  e.  Sept.  28,'61,  Co.  K,  57th 

Inf.  d.  Sept.  14, '62,  dis. 

58tli  INFANTRY. 

Shreve,  J.  A.,  sergt.,  Co.  B,  e.  Feb.  24, '64,  ra.  o. 

June  24,'GG. 
Skinner.  J.  L.,  Co.  C,  e.  Aug.  2,'64,  m.  o.  April 

1,'66. 
Castle,  Diniel,  Co.  F,  e.  May  17,'65,  m.  o.  Nov. 

17,'66. 
Farris,  Wm.,  Co.  I,  e.  May  14, '65,  m.  o.  Nov. 

24, '66. 
Girdner,  John,  Co.  I,  e.  Mav  25. '65. 
Morris,  Wm.,  Co.  I,  e.  May27,'G5. 

59tli  INFANTRY. 

Nichols,  W.  C,  Co.  A,  e.  July  17, '61,  d.  Dee.  4, 

'62,  dis. 
FielUng,  E.,  Co.  C,  e.  Dec.  5,'63,  kid.    June 

27/64. 


Herr,  G.  W.,  Co.  C,  e.  Jan.  5,'64,  m.  o.  Dec.8,'65. 
Melvin,   T.  J.,  Co.  C,  e.  Dec.  5, "63,  pro.  com. 

sergt. 
Nels:)n,  B.  F.,  Co.  C,  e.  Dec.  5,'63,  m.  o.  Dec.  8, 

'65,  sergt. 
Stier,  G.  R.,  Co.  C,  e.  Dec.  5, '63,  pro.  2nd  lieut. 

eOth  INFANTRY. 

Harrington,  musician  Co.  E.  e.  Dec.  25,'61. 
Pierce,  Jackson,  Co.  C,  e.  Dec.  25,'Gl,    m.  o. 

July  31, '65,  V. 
Hess,  W.  R.,  Co.  G,  e.  Mar.  24,'64,  m.  o.  June 

2!),'65. 
Maxwell,  J.  M.,  Co.  G,  e.  Mar.  20,'G4,  m.  o.  June 

29, '65. 
McConnaday.  I.,  Co.  G,  e.  Mar.  30, '64,  m.o.  June 

3, '65. 

61st  INFANTRY. 

Ball,  Joseph  J.,  prin.  musician,  e.   Mar.  11, '62, 

m.  o.  Sept.  8, '65,  V. 
Jaggers,  Nathan,  Co.  B,  e.  Feb.  16,'62,  m.  o. 

Sep.  8, '65. 
Hibbard,  C.  M.  Co.  F,  e.  Mar.  24,'62,  d.  July  19, 

'62,  wnds. 
Miller,  Lacy,  Co.  F,  e.  Mar.  24, '62,  died  April 

23, '62. 
Walters,  J.,  Co.  F,  e.  Mar.  24,'G2,  m.  o.  Sept.  8, 

'65,  corpl. 
Whealdon,  N.,  Co.  F,  e.  Mar.  24,'62,  d.  Oct.  2, 

'62,  dis. 
Walters,  James,  Co,  F,  e.  Mar.  24, '62. 
Winner,  W.  J.,  Co.  F,  e.  Mar.  24, '62. 

COMPANY    I. 

Captain. 

Henry  S.  Goodspeed,  e.  Feb.  1, '62,  m.  o.    Mar. 
24, '65. 

Privates. 

Kimball,  Henry,  e.  Mar.  11, '62,  m.  o.  Sept.  8, 

'65,  V. 
Cunningham,  A.,  e.  Mar.  11, '62,  m.  o.  Sept.  8, 

G5,  V. 
Easley,  Reese,  e.  Mar.  11,'62,  m.  o.  Mar.  24,'65, 

wnds. 
France,  John,  e.  Mar.  11, '62,  m.  o.  Sept.  §,'65. 
Harris,  Isaac,  e.  Feb,  15,'62,  died  Oct.  ]9,'(>1. 
Steeber,  V.,  Co.  A.  63d  Inf.  e.  May  14, '64,  m.  o. 

July  13,'65. 
Childers,    C.  W.,  musician  Co.  K,  63d  Inf.  e. 

Dec.  1,'61,  m.  o.  July  13,'6.5. 
Hendricks,  J.  M.,  prin".  musician  64th  Inf.  e. 

Dec.  3], '63,  m.  o.  July,  11, 'G5. 
Minge,  Wesley,  Co.  D,  Glih  Inf.  e.  Nov,  1,'61, 

m.  o.  Dec.  24, '64,  corpl. 
Hendricks,  John,  Co.  D,  &4th  Inf.  e.  Feb.  21, 

'64,  m.  o.  July  11, '65. 
Wheoles,  T.  F.,  Co.  I,  64th  Inf.  e.  Jan.  4,'64,  m. 

o.  June  ]0,'65. 
Mills,  S.  W.,  Co.  F,  66th  Inf.  c  Mar.  18,'64,  m. 

o.  July  7,'65. 

67th  (Three  Months)  Infantry. 

H.  G.  Covkendall,  Sergeant- Major,  e.  May  31, 
'62,  pro.  Capt.  Co.  D.  72d  Inf. 

COMPANY  F. 

Sergeant. 

Wm.  H.  Black,  e.  May  31, '62.  ra.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
L.  E.  Trites,  e.  May  31, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  G,'62. 
H.  H.  Downing,  e.  Mav  31, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
A.  E.  Plattenburg,  e.  May  31, '62,  ra.o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
A.  J.  Rounk,  e.  June  12,'G2,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 

Corporals. 

J.  H.  Rodenbaugh,  e.May  31, '62,  .n.o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
L.  F.  Randolph,  e.  June  2,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
G.  B.  Vitturn,  e.  May  31, '62,  ra.  o.  Oct.  G,'G2. 
Amos  Naylor,  e.  May  31, '62,  ra.  o.  Oct.  G,'62. 
Geo.  Turner,  e.  June  4, '62,  ra.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Wm.  Maxwell,  e.  May  31,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 


366 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


Musician. 
A.  F.  Small,  e.  May  31, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 

Privates. 
Andrews,  Harvey,  e.  June  4,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 

porpl. 
Arnold,  J.  A.,  e.  June  5,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Black,  George,  e.  May  31, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'G2. 
Berry,  John,  m.  o.  Oct.  (5, '02. 
Barnes,  Thos.,  e  June  3,'02,  m.  o  Oct.  6,'C2. 
Barker,  Deriorn,  e.  June  3, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'62. 
Bri.ster.  W.  H.,  e.  June  r),'02,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
Birch,  Chas.,  e.  June  4,'02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'02. 
Bryant,  \Vm.,  e.  June  1,'62,  ni.  o.  Oct.  0,'G2. 
Boman,  J.  H.,  June  3, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Bell.  J.  M.,  e.  June  2,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'02. 
Bates,  Edgar,  e.  June  4, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Gather,  Harvey,  e.  June  5, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'62. 
Gaplinger,  Chauncy,  e.  June  4,'02,  m.  o.  Oct. 

6,'62. 
Carr,  Joseph,  e.  June  1,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Goles,  H.  G.,  e.  May  3,'62,  m.  o.Oct.  G,'02. 
Devaughn,  Kmanviel,  e.  June  5,'62,  m.  o.  Oct. 

6, '62. 
Donly,  Franklin,  e.  May  31, '02,  d.  Jiine  24,'62, 

dis. 
Denuison,  Isaac,  e  June  2, '62,  ni.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Eby,  J.  M..  e.  June  2,'62.  ni.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Eads,  Jo.«.>ph,  e.  June  2, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6, '02. 
Eskridge,  J.  T.,  e.  June  2,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Emry,  J.  H.,  e.  June  3, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Ellis"  Newton,  e.  June  2, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Filch,  Asa,  e.  June  5, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Fox,  iTanies,  e.  June  2, '62,  in.  o,  Oct.  0,'62. 
Gibbons,  Patrick,  e.  May  31,  ni.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
Grim,  William,  June  3, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
Hull",  Burton,  e.  May  31, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62 
Hughes,  W.  T.,  c.  .Uine  4,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
Heckard,  Martin,  c.  June  3,'02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Harwick,  James,  e.  June3,'02,  ra.  o.  Oct.  0,'62. 
Jarnagan,  John,  c.  June  2, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'(i2. 
Knapp,  J.  D.,  e.  June  ."),'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Lockwood,  John,  June  3,'62,  ni.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Martin,  James,  e.  May  31, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'62. 
Mills,  Joseph,  e.  June  2, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
McAdams,  8.  1).,  e.  June  3, '62,  ra.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Newhall,  Samuel,  e.  June 4, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Oatman,  Jacob,  e.  June  2, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
Phelps,  S.  S.,  e.  June  1,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Proctor,  Joseph,  c.  June  1,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
Painter,  J.  G..  c.  June  3, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6, '62. 
Penny,  John,  e.  June  3,1)2,  ni.  o.  Oct.  (),'62. 
Reeves,  J.  VV.,  e.  June  1,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'62. 
Roberts,  Stephen,  e.  June  3, '62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6, '02. 
Shraden,  G.  W.,  e.  June  2, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'02. 
Saville,  Daniel,  e.  June  4, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
Sweetser,  Luke,  e.  May  30,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Tanquery,  \V.  P.,  e.  June  4, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
Turner,  Albert,  e.  June  3,'02,  m.  o.  Oct.  0,'02. 
Thomas,  A.  O.,  e.  June  4,'e2,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'02. 
Varner,  S.  C.,  e.  June  5, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  fl,'02. 
Vulgamove,  Wm.,  e.  June  5, '62,  m.o.  Oct.  f'>,'02. 
Wansel,  Wm.,  e.  June  1,'02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Whiimore,  Jacob,  e.  June  2, '02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Wilcoxen,  Wm.,  e.  June  2,'02,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Williams,  William. 
Weaver,  William,  e.  June  2,'62,  d.  June  24,'62, 

dis. 
Warden,  G.  W.,  e.  June  6,'62,  m.  o.  Oct.  6,'62. 
Youngman,  James,  e.June  1,'62,  m.o.  Oct.  6, '02. 
Smith,  J.  A.,  Co.  G,  e.  June  4,'62.  m.  o.  Oct. 

0,'62. 

Tlst  (Three  Months)  Infantry. 

COMPANY  1>. 

Sergeant. 
Geo.  Mahaffey,  e.  July  6, '62. 

Corporal. 
William  Hunter,  e.  July  10,'62. 


Privates. 

Brunt,  James,  e.  July  4, '62. 
Bush,  Sampson,  e.  July  6,'62. 
Doran,  John,  e.  July  5, '62. 
Davis,  John,  e.  July  4, '02. 
Hempill,  James,  e.  Julv  7,'62. 
Wilson,  G.  B.,  e.  July  4,'e'2. 

72d  INFANTRY. 

This  regiment  was  organized  at  Chicago,  as 
the  First  Regiment  of  the  Chicago  Board  of 
Trade.  Its  tirst  bills  were  put  out  for  one 
company,  calling  itself  the  "Hancock  Guards," 
on  July  23,'62,  and  exactly  one  month  after- 
wards the  entire  regiment  was  complete  and 
mustered  into  service  for  three  years.  The 
very  day  of  their  muster  they  started  for  Cairo, 
arriving  on  the  24th.  Their  strength  at  that 
time  was  37  ofHcers  and  930  men. 

The  72d  participated  in  many  engagements 
during  their  three  years'  service  in  the  field. 
At  the  battle  of  Franklin,  Tenn.,  they  fought 
witli  commendable  bravery,  being  in  the  hot- 
test of  the  fight  from  four  in  the  afternoon  till 
midnight,  during  all  which  time  the  battle 
raged  witli  terrific  fury.  In  tliis  tight  the  72d 
lost  nine  officers  and  l.j2  men,  who  were  either 
killed  or  severely  wounded. 

COMPANY  I. 

Captain. 
Abiier  E.  Barnes,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  pro.  by  presi- 
dent. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Jacob  Schank,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  res.  Oct.  2y,'64. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
E.  .S.  Gorham,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  Aug.  7, '65. 
Sergeants. 

J.  D.  Mantania,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  May  31, '65, 

corpl. 
S.  S.  Havvken,  e.  Aug.  14,'62. 

Corporals. 

Asa  Eagle,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  Nov.  5, '62.  wnds. 
W.  W.  Thompson,  e.   Aug.   14, '62,  died  Mar. 

17,'63. 
John  Freeborn,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  for  pro. 
Wm.  Sparks,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,    m.  o.  Aug.  7, '65, 

sergt. 

Privates. 

Barber,  J.  S.,  e.  Aug.  14, 'f>2,  trans. 

Barnes,  H.  C,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  d.  for  pro. 

Bags,   L.   B.,   e.  Aug.  14, '62,   m.  o.   Aug.   7,'6.'>. 

corpl. 
Brimstall,  D.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  April  22,'63. 
Cliew,  Edward,  e.  Aug.  14, '62. 
Craiml)lelt,  J.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62. 
Flake,  H.  B.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62.  pro.  corpl. 
Fuller,  I.  O.,  e.   Aug.  14,'02,  m.  o.  Aug.  7,'65, 

sergt. 
Gorham,  E.  S.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  Aug.  7,'65, 

sergt. 
Hcrr,  J.  D.,  c.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  Sept.  7.'64. 
Hovt,  Aln-aham,  e.  .Vug.  11, '02,  kid, May  22,'63. 
Hai-land,  J.  M.,  e.  Aug.  14. '02,  m.  o.  Aug.  7,'65. 
Knott,  J.  M.,  e.  Aug.  14, '02,  m.  o.  Aug.  7, '05. 
Lucah,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.   14,'02,  died  Dec.   0,'64, 

wnds,  corpl. 
Lecper,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  died  May  27,'63of 

wnds. 
McBride,  A.  J.,  e.  Aug.  14,'02,  m.  o.  Aug.  7,'65. 

corpl. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


367 


McKeever,  J.  D.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  May  31, 

'65,  corpl. 
Morris,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62.  m.  o.  Aug.  7, '65. 
Melviii,    Eli,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.    Aug.    7, '65, 

corpl. 
Painter,  H.  H.,  e,  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  Aug.  7, '65. 
Peterson,    Robert,    e.  Aug.  14,'62,  ra.  o.    Aug. 

7, '65. 
Pool,  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  14, "62.  m.  o.  Aug.   7. '65, 

corpl. 
Sullivan,  .T.  H.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  Aug.  7, '65. 
Throckmorton.  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  May 

24, '65. 
Thorp,    L.  R.,  e.    Aug.  14, '62,  d.   April  ;W,'65, 

wnds.  corpl. 
Trulock,  S.  M.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  kid.  Nov.   :50,'64. 
Thomas,  L.  ¥..  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  Aug.  7, '65, 

sergt. 
White,  James,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  Feb.  7, '6:3,  dis. 
Vertrice,  N.  J.,  e.  Jan.  5,'64,  trans. 

83rd  INFANTRY. 

Keller,  J.  H.,  Co.  C,  e.  Mar.  12,'64,  m.  o.  Sept. 

8, '65. 
Cook,  John,  Co.  G.  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  for  pro. 
Harshberger,  W.  H.,  Co.  G.  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o. 

June  26,'65. 
Jones,  E.  R.,  Co.  G,  e.   Aug.  9, '62,  m.  o.  June 

26, '65,  corpl. 
Phillips  P.,  Co.  G,  e.    Aug.    0,'62,    kid.    April 

•29,'65.   ■ 
Rice,  Jesse,  Co.  G,  e.   Aug.    6,'62,    m.   o.  June 

26,'65. 
Sehocklev,    John,    Co.  G,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  m.  o. 

June"26,'65. 
Thurman,  J.  M.,  Co.  G,  e.  Aug.  10, '62,  m.  o.  Jnn 

26,'65. 
Moore,  Wm.,  Co.  G,  e.  Mar.  15. '64. 
Hendricks,   J.  J.,  Co.  H,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  m.  o. 

June  26, '65. 
Palmer,  F.  R.,  Co.  H,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  Nov. 

25, '62. 
Shaflfer,  R.,  Co.  H,  e.  Mar.8,'65. 
Singleton,  A.  P.,  Co.  H,  e.  Mar.  4, '65. 
Singleton,  J.  R.,  Co.  H,  e.  Mar.  4, '65. 
Sturgeon,  John,  Co.  H,  e.  Mar.  8, '65. 

THE   84th  INANTRY 

was  organized  at  Quincy  in  August,  1862,  and 
left  for  Louisville,  Ky.,  Sept.  23rd,  951  strong. 
The  84th  was  a  fighting  regiment  from  the 
first,  and  was  engaged  in  the  following  battles: 
Stone  River,  Dec.  13, '62,  Jan.  12  and  13, '63,  loss 
228  men;  Woodbury,  Jan.  17, '63;  Chicamau- 
ga,  Sept.  19  and  20, '63,  loss  172  men;  Lookout 
Mountain,  Missionary  Ridge,  and  Ringold, 
Nov.  24,  25  and  26,'63,  loss  9  men ;  Dalton,  Fel). 
22,'64,  loss  4  men. 

In  the  Atlanta  campaign  at  Buzzard's  Roost, 
May  10,'64;  Dalton,  May  13,'64;  Resaca,  May  14, 
'64;  Burnt  Hickory,  May  26  to  31,  and  June  1, 
2  and  3 ;  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Smyrna,  Atlan- 
ta, Jonesboro  and  Lovejoy  Station,  loss  in  the 
campaign,  125  men;  Franklin  and  Nashville, 
loss  20  men.  Total  casualties  in  battle,  558 
men. 

From  the  84th  but  oiie  man  was  taken  pris- 
oner ;  but  10  men  deserted ;  only  1  man  ever 
sent  to  military  prison ;  and  but  4  tried  by 
court  martial. 

Lieutenant  Colonel. 
Thomas  Hamer,  e.  Sept.  1,'62,  res.  July  24, '63. 

Major. 
Caleb  B.  Cox,  e.  Sept.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  S,'65. 


Quarta'master. 

James  A.  Russell,  e.  Sept.  1,'62,  res.  July  25, '63. 

First  Assistant  Surgeon. 

Frank    W.    Hunter,  e.  July  24,'62,   res.    Sept. 
27, '64. 

Sergeant  Major. 

J.  B.  Green,  e.  Aug.  5,'62,  m.  o.  June  8,'65. 

COMPAXY  A. 

First  Lieutenant. 

Thos.  G.  Wisdom,  e.  Sept.  1,'62,  d.  Aug.  25, '63. 

Privates. 

Carnahan,    Fielder,   c.    Aug.  2,'62,  m.  o.  June 
S.'65. 

CO.AIPANY  B. 

Captain. 
L.  M.  Scott,  e.  Sept.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  8,'65. 
First  Lieutenant. 

Wm.  M.  Provine,  e.  July  30,'62,   hon.   d.    May 
15, '65. 

Second  Lieutenants. 

-Emmor  Dihvorth,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  res.  Oct.  31, '63. 

W.  A.  Highland,  e.  July  2S,'62,  ra.  o.  June 8, '65. 

Corporals. 

Edwin  Knock,  e.  July  28, '62,  missing  at  Chick- 

amauga. 
Robert  A.  Burns,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  died  Juno  7,'63. 
A.  S.  Stanton,  e.  July  2s,'62,  m.  o.  June  S,'65, 

sergt. 
W.  J.  Moore,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  d.  Mar.  27,'63,  dis. 
Amos  Knock,  e.  Aug,  6,'62,  died    Oct.    11, '64, 

wnds.  sergt. 

Privates. 

Atherton,  David,  e.  July  2S,'62,  m.o.  June8,'65. 
Bartholomew,  L.,  e.  July  20, '62,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 

wnd. 
Boyd,  J.  E.,  e.  July  31, '62,  died  Andersonville 

pris.  June  15,'64,  No.  of  grave  1,471. 
Beans,  Amos,  e.  Aug.  2, '62,  m.  o.  June  8, '65. 
Bishop,  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  2,'62,  d.  Mar.  11, '63, dis. 
Bartholomew,  A.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  kid.  at  Chicka- 

maugii. 
Battin.  (.;.  ^^'.,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Cramlet,  Jesse,  e.  July  28, '62.  m.  o.  June  8,'65. 
('adwalder,  Jesse,  e.  July  28, '62,  died  Dec. 7, '62. 
Cope,  W.  v.,  e.  July  2S,'62,  m.  o.  June  8, '65. 
Dilworthy,  H.  \V.,  e.  Aug.  7,'62.  d.  Dec.  5,'62. 

dis. 
Dobbins,  W.  A.,  e.  July  29,'62.  died  May28,'64. 

wds. 
Ea.sley,  Mark,  e.  July  28,'62.  m.  o.  June  8,'65. 

Corpl. 
Easley,  D.  L.,  e.  July  28,'62.  m.  o.  June  8,'66. 
Faucher,  L.,  e.  July  28, '62.  wnd.  4  times. 
Franklin,  Benj.,  e.  July28,'62.  trans.  V.  R.  C. 

wnd. 
Farquhar,  I.  W.,  e.  Julv  2S,'62.  m.  o.  June  8, 

'65.  Sergt. 
Greenell,  1.   W.,  e.  July  28,'62.  d.  Mar.  24,'63. 

wnds. 
Hughes,  Da^-id,  e.  July28,'62.  trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 
Hughes,  I.  M.,  e.  July  28,'62.  d.  Jan,  22,'63.  dis. 
Hasty,  William,  e.  July  28.'62.  e.  Jan.  24, '63. 

wnds. 
Hall,  Francis,  e.  July  31, '62.  m.  o.  JuneS,'65. 

wnds. 
Harland,  W.  V.,  e.  Julv:30,'62.  trans,  to  P.  C. 
Hickle,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62.  trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 
Hodyis,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  m.  o.  Jtine  8, '65. 
Harland,  Monroe,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  kid.  Oct.  11, '63. 
Ilillger,  Thos.,  e.  July  28,'62.  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Johnson,  H.  A.,  e.  July  28,'62.  captured  Dec. 

31, '62. 
Knock,  Daniel,  e.  Julv  25,'62.  died  Oct.  1,'62. 
Kinsey,  W.  A.,  e.  July  24,'62.  d.  Apl.  27,'6:5.  dis. 
Koons,  A.  J.,  e.  Julv  7,'62.  d.  Dec.  20,'63.  dis. 
Miner,  J.  W.  e.  July  29,'62.  kid.  Dec.  31, '62. 


368 


HISTOEY   OF   FULTOX    COUNTY. 


Miller,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  5,'62.  m.  o.  July  9,'65. 
Miller,  G.,  e.  Aug.  »,'G2.  died  Dec.  7, '64. 
Prati.  II.  v.,  e.  July  ii8,'62.  m.  o.  June  8, '65. 
Parks,  Joseph,  e.  July  2«,'62. 
Russell,  Dilworth,  e."  Aug.  7,'62.  m.  o.  June  8, 

'65.  Corpl. 
Swinkins,  Francis,  e.  July  28,'62.  d.  Dec.  13,'C4, 

wnds. 
Shaddock,  Robert,  e.  Aug.  1,'62.  died  Jan.  10, 

'63.  wuds. 
Walters,  W.  A.,  e.  July  29,'62.  d.  Aug.  10,'63. 

dis. 
Wildman,  A.  G.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62.  kid.  at  Stone 

River. 
Websier,  Monroe,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  died  Feb.  5, '63. 
Y(jst,  Samuel,  e,  Aug.  7, '62.  died  Nov.  3,'62. 
Zoll,  Carothers,  e.  July  23, '62.  d.  Oct.  20, '64. 

wnds.  Sergt. 
Zinc,  J.  F.,  e.  July  28,'62.  d.  Apl.  11, '63.  dis. 
Nance,  H.  H.,  m.  o.  May  26, '65. 

COMPANY  F. 

Captaim. 

Joseph  Nelson,  e.  Sep.  1.'62.  res.  Dec.  15,'63. 
R.  D.  Dilworth,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  m.  o.  June  8. '65. 

First  Lienteiiant. 

F.  W.  Ross,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  m.  o.  June  8, '65. 

iSergeants. 

J.  M.  Moore,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 
Stephen  Bogue,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  d.  Jan.  8, '62.  dis. 

Corporals. 

D.  W.  Litchfield,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  died  Jan.  11, '63. 

wnds. 
R.  M.  Miller,  e.  Aug.  7,'62.  d.  Dec.  10,'63.  wnds. 
Win.  Nelson,  e.  Aug.  8,'62.  d,  F'eb.  14, '63.  wnds. 
Wni.    Walker,    e.    Aug.   8,'62.    kid.    at   Stone 

River. 

Privates. 

Adams,  J.  F.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  kid.  at  Chicka- 

maugd. 
Beers,  Jauez,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  d.  Mar.  4, '63.  dis. 
Brown,  Win,    e.  Aug.  11, '62.  died  Jan.  5. '63. 
Bayer,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  trans.  Brigade  oand. 
Brown,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  y,'62.  d.  June  7, '63.  dis. 
Crater,  F.  M.,  e.  Aug.  y,'62. 
Clark,   John,  e.   Aug.   y,'62.   m.  o.  June  8, '65. 

wnds. 
Deobler,  T.  H.,  e.  Jiilv  28, '62. 
Durell,  F.   VV.,  e.  Aug.   22,'62.  d.  Apl.  14,'63. 

dis. 
Dewiit,  Solomon,  e.  Aug.  7, '62.  m.  o.  June  8, 

'65. 
France,  B.  H.,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  m.  o.  June  8,'05, 

wnds. 
Foster,  N.  T.,  e.  Aug.  8,'62,  m.  o.  June  8,'65. 

Corpl. 
Forquer,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  8, '65. 
Glympse,  Eli,  e.   Aug.  8, '62,   kid.   at  Chicka- 

luauga. 
Gritiiu,  Lewis,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.   Mar.   17, '63, 

dis. 
Kirkuride,  John,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.  June  8, 

'65. 
Kinnie,  E.  E.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.  June  8, '65. 
Kinsey,  J.  R.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  d.  Feb.  9,'63,  dis. 
Koonts,  .r.is.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62. 
Knock,  W.  A.,  e.  Aug,  9, '62,  ra.  o.  June8,'65. 
Kirkbride,  Wesley,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  trans.  Brig. 

band. 
Lowe,  B.  F.,  e.  Aug.  7,'62. 
Litchfield,  Durant,  e.  Aug.  7, .62,  m.  o.  June  8, 

'6.5. 
Morgan,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.  June  8,'6.5. 
Moore,  John,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,   m.  o.  June  8, '65, 

wnd. 
Menteer,  J.  V.,e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.  June  8, '65, 

sergt. 
McHenry,  John,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  died  Dec.  2,'62. 
Morrison,  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  8, '62,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Moore,  Edward,  e.  Aug.  2,'62,  d.  Oct.  15,'62. 


Martin,  A.  G.  e.  Aug.  9,'62. 

Nunamaker,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  died  Sept. 

23, .64. 
Nebergall,  B.  P.,  e.  Aug.  10,'62,  m.  o.  June  8,'65. 
Porter,  A.  K.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  trans,  to  marine 

service. 
Porter,  E,  F.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62. 
Purnell,  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  7,62,  d.  Ap.  16,'63,  dis. 
Pollock,  H.  C..e.  July  20,'62,  died  Feb.  27,'64. 
Parish,  Asburv,  e.  Aug.  9, '62. 
Reese,  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  diad  Feb.  6,'63. 
Benner,  Ephraim,  e.  Aug.  9,'G2,  m.  o.  June  8, 

'65,  serg. 
Bowland,  T.  R.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  died  Aug.  17,'63. 
Sexton,  James,  c.  Aug.  7, '62,  d.  Mar.  4, '63,  dis. 
Shafler,  L.  J.,  e.  Aug.  7. '62,  died  Dec.  10, '62. 
bh.iw,   Wm.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  missing  at   Stone 

River. 
Thomas,  W.  A.,  e.  Ang.  7,'62,  m.  o.  June  8,'65. 
Walker,  Amos,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.   June  8,'65. 
Hoopis,  Ellis,  unassigned  recruit. 

85tli  INFANTRY. 

The  85th  was  organized  at  Peoria  in  August, 
'62,  by  Col.  Robert  S.  Moore,  and  mustered  in- 
to service  Aug.  27, '62.  Ordered  to  Louisville, 
Ky.,  Sept.  6,'62,  as.signed  to  Thirty-Sixth 
Brigade,  Eleventh  Division,  Tljird  Army 
C;orps,  Col.  D.  McCook  commanding  Brigade, 
Gen.  Sheridan  commanding  Division,  aud 
Gen.  Gilbert  commanding  Corps.  The  85th 
marched  in  pursuit  of  the  enemy  under  Gen. 
Bragg,  Oct.  1,'62,  was  engaged  in  the  battle  of 
Champion  Hill,  at  Pe^r^'^■ille,  Kentucky,  Oct. 
8,  and  moved  with  the  army  to  Nashville, 
Tenn.,  arriving  Nov.  7, '62. 

Regiment  mustered  out  June  5, '65,  at  Wash- 
ington, D.  C,  and  arrived  at  Camp  Butler,  111., 
June  11, "65,  where  they  received  their  final  dis- 
charge. 

Major. 
S.  P.  Cummings,  e.  Aug.  27, '62,  res.  April  6, '63. 

Quartermaster. 
W.  H.  Evans,  com.  Jan.  14,'64,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 

COMPANY  G. 

Captain. 

Wm.  McClelland,  e.  Aug.  27,'62,  res.  Dec.  21,'62. 

First   Lieutenants. 

LaFayette  Curless,  e.  Aug.    27,'62,    res.    Nov. 

12,'62. 
J.    M.    Robertson,  e.  Aug.  27, '62,  m.  o.    June 

5, '65. 

Sergeants. 

Lewis  Post,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Irving  Shannon,  e.  Aug.  11,  kid.  June  27, '64. 
McDonald  Cox,  e.  Aug.  11, '62. 
L.  D.  Gould,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Nov.  1'64. 

Corporals. 

Wm.  Roe,  c.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65, sergt 
Henry  Aten,  e.  Aug,  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65, 

1st  sergt. 
W.  F.  Brvant,  e.  Aug.  11, '62. 
J  F.  Keiinedv,  e.  Aug.  11, '62.  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Elias  Wheeler,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,   d.  Aug.  31,'63, 

dis. 
Thos.  Harlon,  e.  Ang.  11, '62.  m.  o.  June  5,'65, 

sergt. 
Perry  Adkinson,  e.  .\ug.  11, '62. 
Jackson  Smith,  e.  Aug.  11, '62. 

Musician. 

Samuel  Simmers,  e.  Aug.  11, '62. 


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Qf  THE 


X 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


371 


Wagoner. 
(Jeo.  Cooper,  e.  Aug.  11,'62. 
Privates. 
AtwaLer,  M.  L.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  .'),'65. 
Atwater,  Win.,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  d.  Mar  1,'tio  dis. 
Aten,  .Jdhu,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  m.  o.  Juue  5, '6.'). 
Brown,  Perry,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '6.'). 
Brown,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '6.'). 
Bu.shnell,  A.  P.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  ni.  o.  June  '),'K\ 
Brewer,  Aaron,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  June  22,'64. 
Bovd,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  Feb.  12,'6.".. 
Castor,  S.  L.,  e.  Aug  12,'62,  m.  o.  June5,'65. 
(Xirless,  John,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65, 

eorpl. 
Curless,  L.  D.,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '6.'). 
Clupper,  P.  W.,   e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  5, 

'6.5,  corpl. 
Dodge,  John,  e.  Aug.  12. '6.5,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 
Douglass.  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Kdiiionds,  B.  F.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62. 
Faw.sett,  Michael,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  Apl.5'6;i. 
Faw.sett,  Levi,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  d.  Jan.   l.'i;:i,  ills. 
Holt,  Solomon,  e.  Aug.  16,'62.  ni.  o.  June5,'65. 
Hays,  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  16,'62.  died  Dec.  1,'62. 
Hagan,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  died  Jan  28,'6:!. 
Hensley,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62. 
Jones,  J.  M.,  e.  Aug.  16,62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 
Kelly,  Wni.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  d  Julv  liS,'6:!. 
Kelly,  Josiah,  e.  Aug.  16,62,  d.  July  21), '68,   dis. 
King,  D.  M.,  e.  Aug."  16, '62,  d.  Apr.'  l,'6;i.  dis. 
Line,  D.  T.,  e.  Aug.  16, '62. 

Longfellow,  D.  G.,e.  Aug.  16,'62.kld  June  27,'64. 
Lamperell,  Chas.,e.  Aug.  16, '62, m.o.  June  5, '65. 
Lafarie,  Henrv,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  m.o.  June  5, '65. 
Latourett,  H.  A.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62. 
Levingston,  Jno,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  m.o.  June  5. '65. 
Levingston,  T.  A.,  e.Aug.  16,'62,d.Oct.l,'62,dis. 
MeCi-nib,  A.,e.  Aug.  16, '62,  m.o.  June  5, '65. 
MeCay,  John,  e.  Aug.  16, '62. 
Meek,"  (i.  W.,  e.  Aug,  16,'62.  d.  June  15,'63,  dis. 
McKee,  F.  M.,  e.  Aug   16,'62,  m.o.  June  5. '65. 
:Monroe,  Biraui,  e.  Aug.  1(),'62. 
O'Danuel,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  16. '62. 
Prentice,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  16. '62,  m.o.  .lune  5,'65. 
Prentice,  Berry,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  kid.  at  Ken.  Mt. 
Parr,  J.  N.,  c.  Aug.  16, '62,  m.o.  June  5, '65. 
Plunk,  Marion,  e.  Aug.  16. '62,  m.o.  June  10,'65. 
Parker,  N.  B.,  e  Au6.  16.'62,  m.o.  June  5, '65. 
Powell,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  trans,  to  V.R.C. 
Reeves,  Peter,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  missing  at  Kene- 

saw  Mt. 
Heed.  (i.  W.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  m.o.  June  5,'65. 
Smith,  L.  C,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  d.  .Vpril  1,'63,  dis. 
Snodgrass,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug,  16, '62,  kid  atKenesaw. 
Shargo,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62.  d.  Oct.  1,'62,  dis. 
Stephens6n,  J.  N.,e.  Aug.  16, '62,  m.o.  .Fune  5,'65. 
Severns,  Marion,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  kid.  at  Kene- 

saw  Mt. 
Still,  Solomon,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  trans.  V-K.C. 
Still,  Sam'l,  e.  Au6.  16,'62,  died  Dec.  5, '62. 
Still,  Robt.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  d.  April  l,'6;i,  di.s. 
Shields,  James,  e.  .A.ug.  16, '62,  kid.  at  Kenesaw. 
SncKlgrass,  J.  W.  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  di'jd  Oct.  S,'68. 
Seymour,  Louis,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  trans,  to  Eug.  C. 
Shores, John,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  kid.  at  Kene.saw. 
Smith,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  ni.  o.  June  5,'("i5, 

sergt. 
Thomas,  Aaron,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  trans,  to  V.R.C. 
Thomas,  David,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 
Tavlor,  David,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  m.o.  June  5, '65. 
Taie,  T.  J.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62. 

Thompson,  Jno.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  m.o.  June  5,'(')5. 
Workman,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  m.  o.  June 5, '65. 
Wheeler,  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  d.  Oct.  :«).  '62. 

dis. 
Wright,  L.  P.,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  m.  o.  June 5, '65., 

sergt. 
Woodruff,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  16,'62. 

COMPANY  H. 

Captains. 
Nathaniel  McClelland,  e.  Aug.  27, '02,  res.  Nov. 
12,'6'2. 

23 


David  Maxwell,  e.  July  31, '02,  res.  May  14, '03. 
J.  T.  McNeil,  e.  July  31, '62,  res.  Aug.  29,'C)4. 

I.  A.  Mardis,  e.  July31,'62,  m.  o.  June  .5,'65. 

First  Lieutenants. 

Luke  Elliott,  e.  Aug.  27,'62,  res.  Nov.  21,'62. 
A.  J.  Horton,  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 

Second   Lieutenants. 
Wm.  Cohren,  e.  Aug.  27,'62,  res.  Nov.  12,'62. 
W.  M.  Shields,  e.  July  31, '62,  res.  Feb.  16,'63. 

Sergeants. 
S.  B.  Palmer,  e.  July  3, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '66. 
Kli  Shields,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  kid,  June  •27,'64. 
Amos  Kinza,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 

Corjjorals. 

J.  T.  Zinuuerman,  e.  Aug.  6,'62, m.o. June  17,'65. 
G.  H.  Wetzel,  e.  July 3),'62,m.o.  June5,'6.5. 
.\nders(in  Jennings,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June 
7, '65,  serg. 

II.  Shields,  e.  Julv  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65,  sergt. 
Franklin  Shellev,  e.  July  31,'62,d.  Mar.9,'6.5,  dis. 

D.  S.  Shank,  e.  Aug.  6,'6'2.  • 
J.  W.  Swann,  e.  Julv  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 

E.  J.  Elliott,  e.  July  31. '62,  kid.  June  27, '64. 

ifii.'iiciaiis. 

II.  H.  Willson,  e.  Aug.  5, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 
M.  K.  Dob.son,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June.5,'6.5. 

Wagoner. 

Benj.  Bolen,  e.  July  31, '62,  d.  Jan.  2'.).'63,  dis. 

Priratai. 

Barnes,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  6,'tl2,  d.  Jan.  2',),'63,  dis. 

Branson,  C.  R.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.  o.  .Tune  5, '65. 

Bloomhcld,  II.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  died  Feb.  11, '63. 

Barnes,  J.  A.,  e.  A>ig.  6, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 

Cunninghitm,  John,  e.  July  5,'62,  died  at  Bow- 
ling Green,  Kv. 

Crable,  Joseph.  e.July  31,'62,  d.  Feb.  3,'63,  dis. 

Cunningham.  Wm.,  e.  July  31, '62,  died  at  Bow- 
ling ( ireen.  Ky. 

Coope,  Abraham,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65, 
sergt. 

Collins,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  d.  Dec.  20,'64,  wds. 

Duncan.  Chas.,e.  Aug.  15,  '62,  m.  o.  June 5, '65, 
corpl. 

Davis,  Joseph,  e.  July  31, '62. 

Dutton,  Daniel,  e.  Julv  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 

Dial,  Lewis,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  d.  Feb.  20,'65. 

Elgin,  W.  F.,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 

Engle,  T.B.,e.  /uly  31,'62,  ni.o.June4,'65,corp'l. 

Fi'uton,  J.  D.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'6.5, 

Freitley,  W.  H.,  e  Aug.  6, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 

Iludnall,  Wm.,  e.  July  31, '62  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 

Henderson,  S.  I).,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65, 
sergt. 

Horton,  J.  B.,  e.  July  31,'62,  d.  June  19,'63,dis. 

Horton,  Marion,  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 

Hughes,  C.  A.,  Aug.  6, '62,  died  June  20,'64. 

Ilughey,  J  T.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  trans.  toV.R,C. 

Heaton',  Simon,  e.  Aug.  0,'62,  kid.  Nov.  2'.t,'64. 

Horn,  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  6.'62,  trans,  to  V.R.C. 

Hudnall,  Wesley,  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  m.o.  June  5, '65. 

Jameson,  James,  e.  Julv  31, '()2,  d.  FeV).  3,'63, 
dis. 

Johnson,  H.  J.  e.  Aug.  5,'62,  ni.  o.  June  17,'65. 

Jellison,  Benj.,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 

Kingery,  J.  F.,  e.  July  31, '62,  sick  at  m.  o. 

Lane.  Richard,  e.  July  31,'<)2,  sick  at  m.  o. 

Lovell,  Henry,  e.  July  31, '62.  d.  Feb.  3,'63,  dis. 

Myers,  Solomon,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 

MeClaren,  W.  H.,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, 
'65,  sergt. 

MeClaren,  .(.  W.,  e.July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June5,'65. 

Newberry,  Geo.,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 

Osborn,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  5, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 

Palmer,  Joel,  e.  Julv  31, '62,  d.  .Ian.  10,'63,  dis. 

Powell,  J.  R.,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  Aug.   12,'65. 

Parker,  M.  V.,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.   June  5,'65. 

Plank,  M.  V.,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 

Rodgers,  Michael,  e.  Julv  31, '62,  m.  o.  June 
5,'65. 


372 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


Sears,  L.  J.,  e.  July  31, '62,  June  5,'65. 
Sears,  Lemuel,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 
Swisher,  H.  C,  e.  3ulv31,'62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 
Shields,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  sicliat  m.  o. 
Shields,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  6,  62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65, 

corpl. 
Shrier,  F.  M.,  e.  July  31, '61. 
Severus,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  m.  o.  June  .5, '65. 
Severns,  Eli,  e.  Aug.  6, '63,  d.  Mar.  20. '65.  dis. 
Snodgrass,  Robt..  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  m.o.  June5,'65. 
Salsburj',  James,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  trans,  to  Eng.  C. 
Shaw,  Geo.  W..  e.  Aug.  6. '62,  died  at  Nashville. 
Shields,  B.  F.,  e.  July  31, '62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 
Shanon,  Nathan,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  d.  May.  9,'63, 

dis. 
Thompson,  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  died  of  wnds. 

July  7,'64. 
Thompson,  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.  o.  [June 

5,'65,  corpl. 
Turner,  C.  C,  e.  Aug.  6, '62. 
Thosio,  John,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.  o.  July  22,'65. 

was  pris. 
Toler,  J.  T.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.  o.  June5,'65. 
Wheeler,  Arden,  e.  Aug.  6, '62,  m.  o.  June5,'65. 
Worlev,  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.  o.  June  5,'6.5. 
Zellers,  F.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.  o.  June  17,'65,  was 

pris. 

C03IPA>fY  I. 

Captain. 

W.  H.  Marble,  e.  Aug.  27,'62,  res.  April  9,'63. 

Second  Lieutenant. 

Hugh  McHugh,  e.  Aug.  27,'62,  res,   Feb.  9,'63. 

Sergeants. 

A.  A.  Cameron,  e.  Aug.  27,"62.  trans.  Eng.  C. 
L.  V.  Tarter,  e.  Aug.  27,'62.  d.  July  31, '64. 
John  Rennau.  e.  Aug.  27,'62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 
Robt.  MuUican,  e.  Aug.  27,'62,  m.o.  June  5,'65, 
sergt. 

Corporals. 

Jeremiah   Cockley,   e.  Aug.  27,'62,  d.  at  Nash- 

^•ille.  Tenn. 
J.  W.  Belless,  e.  Aug.  27,'62,  m.  o.  une  5,'65. 
William  Landon,  e.  Aug.  27,'62,  m.  o.    June 

5, '65. 
L.  Collins,  e.  Aug.  27,'62.  trans.  Eng.  C.  sergt. 
James  Moslander,  e.  Aug.  27, '62,  m.  o.  June  5, 

'65,  sergt. 
Ezariah  Thomas. 

Chas.  Mathews,  e.  Aug.  1,'C2.  m.  o.  .June  5,'65. 
Milo  Butler,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  5,^65. 

Musician. 
Wm.  MeCaustland,  e.  Aug.  1, '62,  d.  Feb.  —,'63. 

Wagoner. 
Edmund  Curless,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  pro.  1st  Lieut. 

Privates. 
Amsden,  Lincoln,  e.  Aug.  1,'62. 
Belless,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 
Cakley,  John,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  died  Jan.  18,'63. 
Frazef,  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  died  Jan.  1,'63. 
Fatchcraft,   Henry,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June 

5,'65. 
Gilson,  Sanford,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  d.  Mar.  —,'63. 
Gray,  Vison,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  d.  alNash\ille. 
Graham,  W.  A.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65, 

corpl. 
Horton,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  1, '62,  d.  Oct.  — ,  62. 
Hughes,  X.  P.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65, 

sergt. 
Hughes,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  died  Nov.  —,'62. 
Hall,  Josiah,  e.  Aug.   1,'62,  m.  o.  June  19,'65, 

pris. 
Holmes,  J.  R.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Keller,  Sylvester,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 
Lapole,  John,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  5, '65. 
Lovell,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62. 
Minnes,    Wm.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  d.  at  Louis\llle, 

Ky. 
Markel,  Solomon,  e.  Aug.1,'62,  m.  o.  June5,'65, 

corpl. 


Moore,  J.  E.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 
McCroskev,  E.,  e.  Aug.   1,'62,   died  Dec.  —,'62. 
Phillips,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Richardson,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  5, 

'65,  corpl. 
Royes,  T.  J.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  d.  Oct.  —,'62. 
Statts,  T.  J.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62. 
Sanders,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62. 
Smith,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62. 
Tyra,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.  June  5,'65. 
Trayes,  John,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.   June   5, '65, 

corpl. 
Trapp,  Oliver,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  d.  Feb.  9,'63. 
Walker,  Austin,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  kid.  at  Kenesaw 

Mountain. 
Wilkes,    Lemuel,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  m.  o.    June   5, 

'65,  sergt. 
Winchel,  Albert,  e.  Aug.  1,61,  d.  Aug.  3,'63. 
Markley,  Wm.,  d.  Oct.  —,'62. 
Menuef,  John,  e.  Feb.  8,'64. 
Moore,  J.  H.,  Jan.  5,'64,  d.  Mar.  13,'65. 
Moore,  Ellis,  e.  Jan.  5, '61,  ab.  at  m.o.  of  regt. 
Dewey,  I.  B.,  Co.  D,  86th  Inf.  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m. 

o.  June  6,'65. 

89tli  INFANTRY. 

COMPANY  A. 

Coi-poral. 
S.  Alden,  e.  Aug.  5, '62. 

Privates. 
Buck,  Jacob,  e.  July  31, '62. 
Baughman,  David,  e.    Aug.    1,'62,    kid.    May 

27,'64. 
Coleman,  A.,  e.  Aug.  5,'62,  d.  Mayl6,'63,  dis. 
Hebb,  .Saml.,  c.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June    19,'65, 

corpl. 
Kunkle,  I.  H.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  Junel0,'65. 
Rowley,  Reuben,  e.  July  31, '62,  d.  Sept.  16,'63, 

dis. 
Sterling,  Henrv,  e.  Aug.  7, "62,  kid.  Sept.  19,'63. 
Thomas,  D.  M.,  e.  Aug.  1,'62,  died  Mar.  12,'63. 
Tavlor.  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  11,  "62,    m.    o.   June 

10, '65. 

THE  96tli  INFANTRY 

Was  organized  at  Rockford  in  August,  '62,  by 

Col.  T.  E.  Champion,  and  mustered  in  Sept.  6. 

Oct.  8,  it  moved  to  Newport,  Ky. ;  on  the  29th 

moved  to  Lexington  and  Harrodsburg,  where 

it  remained  four  weeks,  and  thence  removed 

to  Danville,    where  it  arrived  Nov.    28.    The 

regiment  was   mustered   out   June  10, '65,  at 

Cam}i    Harker,  Tenn.,  and  arrived  at  Chicago 

June  14,'65,  where  it  received  final  pay   and 

discharge. 

t'03IPANY  B. 

Captains. 

David  Salisburj-,  e.  Sept.  6, '62,  res.  Feb.  17, '63. 
A.  B.  Whitnev,  e.  Sept.  6,'62.  res.  Jan.  8,'64. 
E.  J.Gilmore,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  kid.  June  25,'64. 
G.  H.  Burnett,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June  10,'65_ 

First  Lieutenant. 

A.  A.  Bangs,  e.  Sept.  5,'62,  m.  o.  June  10,'65. 

Sergeant. 

O.  Ferrand,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June  8, '65. 

Corporals. 

J.  D.  Fulsom,  e.  Aug.  9,'62. 

S.  H.  Lindsey,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  May  10, '65, 

sergt. 
Arthur  Cook,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  Mav  10,'65,  sgt. 
Willard  Whitney,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.o.  May  10,'65. 

Privates. 
Burnett,  Jerome,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  May  10, 
'65,  corpl. 


HISTORY    OF    FUI.TOX    COUMTY. 


.173 


Butler,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  m.  o.  May  10,'6o. 
Bangs,  G.  A.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  May  10,'r.5. 
Barron,  Orvill,  e.  Aug.  9, '(52,  iii.  o.  May  10, '(i5. 
Brown,  ,Tanies,  e.  Aug.  9, '62.  died  Jan.  2.^,'6:^. 
Beck,  J.  A.,  e.  Aug.  9, '02,  m.  o.  June  10, '6.5. 
Brogar,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  d.  April  10, '63,  dis. 
Carl,  'VVm.,  e.  Aug.  9,'G2,  trans  fo  V.R.C. 
Collins,  Alfred,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  died  Jan.  28,'6:i. 
Cleveland,  M.  H.,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  m.  o.  June  10, 

'65,  cori)l. 
Cleveland,  E.  T.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  May  13,'65. 
Collins,  LaFavette,  e.  Aug.  9, '62. 
Cooper,  (t.  J.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  died  Nov.  18,'63. 
Dombiski,  Henrv,  e.Aug.  9,'62,m.o.  June  10, '65. 
De  Voe,  I.  W.,  e."  Aug.  9,'62,  trans,  to  V.R.C. 
Edwards,  Alfred,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  trans,  to  V.R.C. 
Fisher,  Whitman.  e.Aug.9,'62,d.Mar.l9,'63,dis. 
Fuller,  Wni.,  e.  Aug.'9,'62,  m.  o.  June  10,'65. 
Gillmore,  M.,e.  Aug.  9, '62,  d.  Jan.  5, '65,  dis. 
Hendee,  G.  E.,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  m.  o.  Mav  13, '65. 
Hoagstraat,  H.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  kid.  May  14,'64. 
Litwiler,  James,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  kid.  May  14,'(il. 
O'Connell,  James,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  died  Aug.  24,(53. 
Potter,  Edwin,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June  10, '65. 
Rich,  Esau,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  kid.  Nov.  24,  63. 
Washburn.  John,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  kid.  Dec.  16, '64. 
Young,  James,  e.  Aug.  9, '(52,  d.  June  16,'63,  dis. 
Fidler,  John,  Co.  C,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  kid.  Sept. 

20, '63. 
McCreadie,  Wm.,  Co.  C,  e.  Aug.  15. '62,  died  at 

Andersonville  pris..  June  4, '64. 
Savage,  Jerrv,  Co.  C,,  e.  Aug.  1,'(52,  trans,  to  V. 

R.  C. 

COMPANY  I>. 

Carpenter,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m,  o.  June  10, 

65. 
Hankins,  C.  S.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  ni.  o.  June  10,'65. 
Peppard,  Chas.,  e.  Aiig.  12, '62,  m.  o.  June  10, 

'65,  sergt. 
Ricks,  Edw.,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  m.  o.  June  10,'65, 

corpl. 
Sells,  W.  D.,  e.  Aug.  2,'62,  died  July  30,'63. 
Thaver,  Eli,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  missing  in  action. 
Drurv,  W.  E.,  Co.  G.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  Mav  22, 

'(53,  dis. 
(ray,  Henrv,  Co.  G.,  e.  Aug.  7, '(54,  m.  o.  Juuf 

16,'65,  corpl. 
Hill,  James,  Co.  F.,  102d,  e.  Jan.  4. '64. 
Olson,  Peter,'Co.  I.,  102d,  c.  Dec.  15,'63. 

THE   103d  INFAKTRY 

Was  ograiuz<>d  in  August, '62,  and  mustered  in 
Oct.  2. 

The  103d  was  exclusively  a  Fulton  county 
regiment,  having  been  raised  entirely  in  this 
county.  The  regiment  received  orders  Oct.  30 
to  move  to  Cairo,  and  thence  to  Columbus, 
Jackson  and  Bolivar,  -where  it  was  assigned, 
Nov.  2,  to  First  Brigade,  Fourth  Division, 
Thirteenth  Corps.  The  regiment  was  engaged 
in  sundry  marches  and  reconnoissances,  from 
Jackson  and  Bolivar,  during  November  and 
December,  1862.  On  the  9th  of  November  it 
engaged  the  enemy  near  Coldwater,  Miss., 
driving  him,  killing  15  and  capturing  70  pris- 
oners. Oft  the  28th  of  November  went  on  a 
campaign  to  Tallahatchie  river,  where  they 
met  a  strong  force  of  the  enemy  and  drove 
them  from  their  position.  On  the  .30th  of 
December  went  into  winter  quarters  at  Jack- 
son. 

The  103d  took  part  in  the  battle  of  Resaca, 
Ga.,  where  they  sustained  quite  a  heavy  loss, 
and  among  the  brave  men  who  fell  there  was 


the    gallant  Col.  Willard  A.  Dickerman,  who 

gave  up  his  life  May  28, '64. 

The  regiment  was  mustered  out  June  21, '65 

at  Louisville,  Ky..  and  proceeded   to  Chicago, 

where,  June  24, '65,  it  received   final  payment 

and  discharge. 

Colonels. 

Amos  C.  Babcock,  e.  Oct.  2,'(52,  res.  Oct.  18,'62. 
W.  A.  Dickerman,  e.  Oct.  Is,'(i2,  kid.  at  Resaca, 

Ga.,  Mav  28, '64. 
G.  W.  Wright,  e.  Oct.  18,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Lieutenant   Colonels. 
Asias  Willison,  e.  Oct.  18,'62,  res.  Jan.  8,'65. 
Charles  Willis,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Adjutants. 

S.  S.  Tipton,  e.  Aug.  2, '62,  res.  June  19, '63. 

A.  E.  Waystafr,  e.  Aug.  6, '62. 

F.  B.  Lermond,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Quaiiermaster. 

William  Miller,  e.  Oct.  18,'62.  m.  o.  May  ]5,'65. 
II.  S.  Ingersoll,  e.  Aug.  11, '(52,  m.  o.  June  21, '65, 

Surgeon. 

Richard  Morris,  e.  Nov.  15, '62,  ni.  o.  June  21, "(55. 

First  Assistq,nt  Surgeon. 

S.  S.  Buck,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,m.  o.  June  21, '(55. 

Second  A.msiant  Surgeon. 

J.  W.  VanBrunt.  e.  Oct.  3,'(52,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Chajdain. 

W.  S.  Peterson,  e.  Oct.  2,'62. 

Sergeant  Major. 

S.  R.  Quigley,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  ni.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Quartermaster    Sergeant. 

Wilson  Fisher,  e.  Aug.  11, '(52,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Commissary  Sergeant. 

George  Stipp,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Hospital  Steward. 

H.  J.  Miffin,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  d.  June  8, '63. 
John  Hughes,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Principal  Musicians. 

C.  E.  Payne,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  July,  20,'63. 
H.  E.  Schaefer,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  .rune21,'65. 
E.  A.  ParAin,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

COMPANY  A. 

Captain. 

W.  W.  Bishop,  e.  Oct.  18,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

First    Lieutenant. 

I.  W.  Worley,  e.  Oct.  18,'62,  res.  Jan.  15,'65. 

Second  Lieutenant. 

Howard  Willison,  e.  Oct.  18,'62. 

First  Sergeant. 

Wm.  M.  Standard,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  pro.  1st  Lieut. 

Sergeants. 

John  Milburu,  e.  Aug.  9.'62,  kid.  Nov.  25,'63. 
Alonzo  M.  Cole,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  ab.  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Sidney  R.  Quigley,  e.  Aug.11,'62,  pro.  serg.  maj. 
Henry  C.  Black,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  d.  Mar.  17,'63,dis. 

Corporals. 
John  Thompson,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  kid.  Nov.  2.5,'63. 
Robt.  B.  Evans,  jr.,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  m.  o.  June  29, 

'65,  1st  Sergt. 
John  A.  Chambers,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  Sergt. 
W.  C.  Staten,  e.  Aug.  3,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
C.  W.  Fluke,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Perry  Morauville,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Oct. 30, '63. 
Andrew  Barrett,  e.  Aug.  8,'62,  d.  Nov.  5,'63,dis. 
Alexander    Morauville,   e.    Aug.    9, '62,  m.  o. 

June, '21, '65. 


a74 


HISTORY    OF    FUI/roX    COUNTY, 


Musicians. 
<;.  R.  Jordan,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  d.  Mar.  29,'(;a,  dis. 
T.  J.  Piersol,  e.  Aug.  22,'6J,  m.   o.  Mar.   10,'r,3. 

Wagoner. 
William  Weaver,  e.  Aug.  22, '62. 

Privntpji. 
Aruett,  J.  N.,  e.  Aug.  11,'&2,  m.  o.  .luue  21. 'H."!. 
Anderson,  John  A.,  e.  Aug.  22,'G2,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  corpl. 
Alshurv,  Levi,  e.  Aug.  22,'62.  m.  o.  June  29.'Go. 
Barnhill,  Wm.  B.,  e.  Aug.  8,'62,  d.  June  26,'6:^, 

for  pro. 
Beezlev,  Paul,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, Hw. 
Beezlev,  John  M.,  e.  Aug.  9,"62,  died  Sep.  10, '63. 
Bechelshymer,  Hezekiah,  e.  Aug.   9,'62,    died 

Aug.  25, '63;  wads. 
Bird,  William,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  ni.  o.  June  21,'65, 

.sergt. 
Bramble,  George  F.,  e.  Aug.  9, '62.  ni.  (i.  May 

16, '65. 
Berrv,  John,  e.  Aug.  2, '62. 
Berry,  Elliott,  e.  Aug.  4,'62. 
Bishop,   Thomas   S.,  e.    Aug   22,'62,  kid   Nov. 

25, '63. 
Cockrell,   Nathan,    c.    Aug.    9,'62,   died   Aug. 

23,'63. 
Clifford,  Kelson,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  trans,  tol.  C. 
Covert,  Robert,  e.   Aug.  11, '62,  m.   o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Cozan,  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Chambers,  J.  B.,   e.  Aug.   13,'62,  m.   o.  .lune 

21, '6.5. 
Chamber,  (Jeoi^e  W.,e.  Aug.  21, '62,  ni.  o.  .Tune 

21, "65. 
Clark,  Isiuic  B.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  trans,  to  V.  R.C. 
Calhoun,  Andrew,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Feb.  9. 

'64. 
Childers,  James  A.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Jan. 

29,63. 
Dougla.ss,  John,  c.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  .Iune21,'6,). 
Day,  Nathan  L..  e.  Aug.  ]7.'62. 
Davis,  George  J.,  e.  Aug.  16, '62. 
Da\is,  Thornton,  e.   Aug.  21, '62,   ni,  ".  June 

21, '65. 
Evans,    Edward   F.,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  m.  o.   June 

21, '65. 
Ellis,  James  A.,  e.  Aug.  S,'62,  died  Jan.8,'63. 
Ellis,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  d.  Mar.  17,'(i3.  dis. 
Fitzgerald,  William,  e.  Aug.  14, '62. 
(Juthrie,  William,  e.  .\ug.   22, '62,  ni.  n.  .Time 

21, '65,  corpl. 
(Justine,  Samuel  H.,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21,'fi5. 
Hill,  William,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  Mar.  23,'6;!. 
Houston,  O.  P.,  e.  Aug.  9,'(i2. 
Harrison,  John  e.  Aug.12,'62. 
Horn,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  1, '62,  kid.  Nov.  25,"6;;. 
Horn,  William,  Jr.,   e.  .\ug.  2(1, '62,  died  June 

25,'(«. 
Horn,  Jonathan,  c.  Aug.  22, '62,  d.   Jan.  27, '65, 

sergt,,  dis. 
Horn,  Erasmus,  e.  Aug.  •22,'(i2,  died  .'^ept,  9.'63. 
Hunter,  William,  e.    Aug.   22,'62,  m.   o.  June 

•22, '(i5. 
Hedge,  Eder,  e.  Aug.  21, '62.  died  Mar.  :',i),'6;!. 
Hedge,  Stephen  B.,  e.   Aug.  •22,'62,  m.  (i.  June 

21, "()5,  corpl. 
.lenning,  Nathan  L..  e.  Aug.  14, '(Vi,  m.  o.  June 

9,'6.5. 
Kruzan,  Findlcy,  c.  Aug.  20,'62,  d.  Mar.  29,'(i5. 
Livingston,  Johii,  e.  Aug.   >>,'62,  m.  o.  June  21. 

'65,  sergt. 
Livingston,  J.,  e.  Aug.  29, '(>2,  m.  o.  June  21, '(w. 
Livingston,  William,  e,  Aug,  21,'62,  kid,  Aug. 

1,5, '64, 
Lenhart,  Isaiah,  e.  Aug.  16,'62,  m.o.  June21,'65. 
McCumber.  Anson,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  d.  25,'64,  dis. 
McCJhee,   I)a\-id,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Messplay,  .lames,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  m.o.  Juno  21, '65. 
Osborn,  (ieorge  F.,  e.  .Vug.   5, '62.  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 


Reeves,  David  H.,  e.  Aug.  3,'62,  died  Dec.  31. 

'63,  wnds. 
Smith,  Abram,  e.  Aug.  8, '62,  kid  .lune  27, '6.1. 
Smith,  William  C.  e.  Aug.  m,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Summers,  John  W.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  sergt. 
Toolev,  Jo.siah.  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Feb.  3,'63. 
Toolev,  Joshua,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  tran.s.  to  40th  111. 

Iiif. 
Voris,  Abraham,  c.  Aug.  13, '62,  died  July  13,'63. 
Wells,  Greenberrv  D.,  e.  Aug.  .5,'62,  m.  o.  June 

■21, '6.5. 
Wells,  James  H.,  e.  Aug.  5. '62. 
Wright,  William  M.  e.  Aug.  14, •(;2. 
Willson,  Howard,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  pro.  2d  Lieut. 
Walker.  John,  e.  Aug.  2(.t,'62. 
Stone,  Archibald,  e.   Aug.  22, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Call,  George  B.,  e.  Mar,  21, '64,  kid.  July  28,'64. 
Coaklev,  (ieorge  W.,  e'  Nov.  8, '63.  trans,  to  40tli 

111."  Inf. 
Hill,  Robert  W,,  e.  Mar.  9,'C>4,  trans,  to  40th  Inf. 
Iknrv,  Levi  E. 
Jones",   Thomas    S.,  e.   Mar.   21. '64.  kid.  June 

•27, '(VI. 
Livingston,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  20, '62,  d.  Jan.  8,'.55. 

dis.. 
Moranville,  Charles  L..  e.  Mar.  21, '64.  kid  Aug. 

19,'64. 
Shaw.  Amaziah.  e.  Mar,  21, '64,  trans,  to  40tli 

111.  Inf. 
Tipton.  Samuel  S.,  pro.  Adjutant. 
Wartield,  William,   e.   Mar.  '25,  '64,  kid.    June 

•27, '(Vl. 

COMPANY  J$. 

Captui))--'. 
().  I).  Cariieuter.  e.  Oct.  2, '62,  res.  April  7,'63. 
William  Walsh,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,  died  Nov.  •25,'(53. 
.\ndrew  Smith,  e.  Aug.  '22,'62,  m.o.  June  ■21, '(i5. 

First  Lieutenant". 
J.  S.  (Jardner,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,  res.  Feb.  5, '63. 
J.  M.  Swartz,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  ra.  o.  Juue  '21, '65. 

Srrond  Lieutenant. 
S.  B.  Boer,  e.  Aug.  14,'(;2.  res.  Aug.  ]0,'63. 

Firt't  Sergrnnl. 
Simon  I!.  Beer.  c.  .\ug.  14,'6'2,  pro.  2d  Lieut. 

Scrgennt?. 
James  E.  (J.  Hibbard,  o.  .\ug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  .June 

21, '65. 
Andrew  Smith,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  i>ro.  1st  Lieut. 
Elijah  Lanman,  o.  Aug.  22,'tV2,  kid.  June  •28,'64. 
.Vllen  W.  Smith,  e.  .-Vug.  •26,'(i2,  died  Uar.  19,'6:;. 
Corporals. 

I    Joseph  Prosser,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  May  2,'6o. 
I    William  HummoU,  e.  Aug.  14,'62, sergt.,  abs.at 
'  ni.  o.  regt. 

Jacob  W.  Kist,  e.  Aug.  14, '(i2. 
Christ  B.  Fisher,  e.  Aug.  14. '62,  m.  o.  June  21. 

"65,  1st  sergt. 
Edward  Hancock,  e.  -Vug.  2(i,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
James  A  Dailey,  e.  Aug.  11. '62.  ni.  u.  June  21. 

'65,  sergt. 
.lohnson  Brunner,  e,  Aug.  14, "62,  trans,  to  I.  ('. 
Musicians. 

Henry   E.  .Schaefor.  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  app.   jirin. 

musician. 
Elim  A.  Parvin,  c.  Aug.  14,'62,  app.  prin.  nni. 

Wagoner. 
Alfred  P.  Potter,  e.Aug.  22,'62,  m.o.  May  •29,'65. 

Privates. 
Arringdle,  Francis,  e.  Atig.  •20,'62,   m.  o.  June 

•21,'(i.5. 
Alms,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Alms,  Andrew,  c.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  May  19,'C5. 
Anno.  Henrv.  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Aug.  '27,'63. 


iiis'i'oi;^'  OF   Kn/rox   corxTV. 


375 


KiikiT,  .l;niR's  I)..  V.  AiiK.  I  l.'ili^. 
Burrow,  .Fanu's,  v.  Au.s,'.  M.'iJ'J,  iii.o.  .luiiu  21,'Im. 
liinvors,  .Jos'.'jih.  o.  Aii.ir.  Jl.'(ii>,  kid  May  14.'(>4. 
Uovvers,  Daiiii^l,  o.  Aii^r.  M.'iVJ,  diod  Sept.  IT.'ii.!. 
Cariieiitt'r,  .Iiilni  H.,  c.  Ant;.  H.'t'>-.  in. o.  .litiu' 

■JI.'Cm. 
( 'iniiiiii.uliinn,  .Miriin  I!.,  v.  \\i\z.    I  l.'iVJ.  in.  o. 

.(unr  ■-'l.'Ci.'i. 
t  'lino.  l,ouis,  \\iix.  1  l.'iij. 
Clark,  Ilc-nry.  t'.  Aii;_'.  I  l.'^.J.  kM.  Nov.  L'.'i.'Ci:',. 
D.uiaud,  Ik'iij.iiiiiti    M..   f.    An^-.   II,  'i;.'.    ilii'il 

,-:c])r.  2-2.'M. 
l).ulv,.lolm  R.,  I.',  .\ilfi-.  1-1, '61;,  111.  o.  .luiic  15, 'I'm. 
Davis,  Klirnczor,  c.  Aur.  21,'i',-j,  d.  Mar.  10,'Gl. 
Klliott,  Cyrus,  v.  .\uk.  14,'i'rJ.  i  1.  o.  .Tunc  •J1,"Im. 
Fisiier,  .lolin  \V..  c.   .\uk.  li.'i'J.  111.  o.  Mayi'J, 

'05,  coriil. 
Fisher,  .losluia.!..  v.  Ann.  IJ.'il'i,  1st srr.ut.  trans. 

to  1.  C. 
Flower,  William    H..  Auu.    1  l.'d'J.  111.  u.   .lunc 

24, '(').">. 
Fry,  Isaac,  c.  Aug.  14,'ii2.  diod  .Vug.  (i,'i>4. 
(Uadmaii,  Thomas,  c.  Aug.  14.'i)2,  abs.  at  ni.  o. 

of  rcRt. 
(Jlass,  Uriah  .1..  c  .Vng.  ■Ji)."r)2.  coriil.  abs.  at  +11. 

(I.  of  regt. 
Llall,  ,Joshua,  e.  .Vug.  14,'ii2,  trans,  to  4(itli  Inf. 
HunimcU,  Saiiiufl,  v.  Aug.  14, 'ill,   111.  o.  .Iniic 

21,'t)5,  corjil. 
Hancy,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  ]l,'iJ2,  111.  o.  .Inne  21,'»'i5, 

(•orpl. 
Ileartlcy,  William  L.,  Aug.  14, '(12,  d.  May  7,'ti;!. 
Henry,  .lohn,  e.  Aug.  22, '112,  died  Dec.  ^(l.'lio. 
lleariley,   .lohn,    e.    Aug.    14,'fi2,  m.   o.  .luiie 

•25,'t;5. 
Ilitcs,  Tllouiiis,  e.  .Vug.  21. '112,  111. o.  .1  line  21  ,'(J5. 
.lackson,  Ira,  e,  Aug.  14, '(12,  111.  o.luly  14. '(15. 
Kiugswortli,  .lohn,  c.  Aug.  14, '112,  d.  Mar.  i(,'(l:i. 
ICnhn.  Conrad,  e.  .Vug.  2(J,'(12,m.  o.  .Tune  21, '(15. 
Kc|)lcr,  .Samuel,  e,  .Vug.  14,'tJ2,  died  Aug.  '24. '(i:!. 
,  Marklcy,  .T.  F.,  e.  Aug.  14,'(i2,  died  .Fan.  12,'0:!. 
Markle'y,   Marion,  c.    Aug.  14,  '(12,  died  March 

(l,'(i:!. 
McClcrg,  .lohn  K.,  c.  Aug.  14, '(12. 
>rc('lerg,  William,  c.  Aug.  14, '112,  ni.  o.  .luiio  24, 

'(15,  was  pris. 
.Moutg(.)niery,  George,  e.  .Vug.  14, '(12,  abs.  at  m. 

o.  of  regt. 
.Montgoincrv.  .Vdani.  e.  Aug.  14, '112,  111.  o.  .lunc 

21, '(15. 
Montgomerv,  Richard,  e.  Aug. '22, '(12.  klil.  Nov. 

■2.5,  •(;:',. 
Mantonga,  Amos.,   c.  .Vug.    '20, '(12,  died    Aiml 

10, '(i;!. 

Mantonga,  Sylvester,  e.  Aug.  1;;,  '(12,  kid.  .lunc 

•.27,'(i4. 
Nfartiu,  Jjcwis,  c.  Aug.  14, '(i2,  111.  o.  .lunc  21, '(15. 
Norville,  Elisha,  e.  Aug.  14, '(12,  m.  o.  ,Iune21, 

'(15,  sergt. 
Overman,  Oscar,  e.  Aug.  14, '(12,  in.  o.  .Tunc  21, 

()5,  cori>l. 
Parker,  Allen  S.,  e.  Aug.  14.'(i2,  died  Oct.  5,'();!. 
Palmer,  Archibald  D.,  e.  Aug.  14, '(12,  kid.  Nov. 

■22, '(■>4. 
Pratt,  Thomas,  c.  Aug.  14, '(C 
Pepitt,  William,  e.  Aug.  14. '152,  kid.  Nov.  •25,'t;;!. 
Roberts,  ,To.seph  T.,  e.  Aug.  14,'t32,  d.  ^far.KI.'Cvl. 
Heed,  William  ^M.,  e.  Aug.  '22, '(12,  m.  o.  .lunc  '21, 

'(15,  sergt . 
Swartz,  Christopher  M..  c.  .Vug.  14, '(12,   m.  o. 

.Tune  21. '115. 
Swartz,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  14, '(12,  m.  o.  .rune  21, '(15. 
Stobaugh,  .Tames,  e.  Aug.  14, '02. 
SlKjcmaker,    .Vbraham,   e.    Aug.    14, '(12,    m.   o. 

.Tune  21, '(15. 
Seward,  .Tasi)er.I.,  e.  Aug.  14, '(12. 
Smith,  .loseph  .T.,  e.  Aug.  22, '(12,  died  Jan.  is, 

'r-,3. 
Spcer,  .lohn  (i.,  e.  Aug.  22, '(52,  died  .Tulv  10, '(U. 
See,  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  2(),'62,  d.  April  l(l,'(i;l. 
Terry,  William  L..  c.  Aug.  14. '(■)2,  trans,  to  J.  C. 
Volmar,   Daniel,  e.  .Vug.  i:i,'Ci2,  m.  o.  .fuue  21, 

'(15. 


Whiting,  Joint  A.,  e.  Aug.  14,'G'2,  died  Feb. '2, 

"(13. 
Whiting,  Salathiel,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Nov.  fi, 

•(33. 
V\'hceler,  Joseph  H.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21. '115,  corpl. 
Zeil>v,  William,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  kid.  Nov.  25,'6:!. 
Vniio,  James  W.,e,  Dec.  15,'6o,  kid.  June 'iT.'Rl. 
Donney,  Frank  E. 
.lamicsou,  Ezra,  died  June  I'J.'Go, 
Morris,  P.  W.,  e.  Fel).  10,'(54,  trans,  to  Kith  Inf. 
Keed,  William. 
Swartz,  .lohn  W.,  jiro.  1st  Eieiit. 

COMPANY  C. 

Captain. 
F.  M.  Taylor,  c.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  .luue  21, '(j5. 

First  Lieutenants. 
II.  1,.  Xicolet,  e.  Oct.  2,'(i2,  res.  Mar.  (;,'(!:;. 
William  Wilkinson,  e.  Aug.  11, '02,  res.  Julv  11, 

,04. 
(i.  S.  Chapin.  c.  Aug.  15, "02,  m.  o.  June  21, '05. 

Strond  Lieutenant. 
.1.  S.  Smith,  c.  Oct.  2,'(i2,  re.s.  Apl.  :;,'(35. 

First  Sergeant. 
.loliii  H.  Harris,  e.  Aug.  12,'(32,  d.  Feb.  0,'(15. 
Sergeants. 

William   Wilkinson,    e.    Aug.    11, '(32,    pro.     1st 

Lieut. 
Joshua  M.  Gibbs.  e.  Aug.  0, '02,  d.  May  9, '05. 
Alexander  E.  Wagstaff,  e.  Aug.  0,'(12,  trans,  to 

Co.  G. 
Enos  Kelsey,  e.  .Vug,  11, '02,  m.  o.  June  21, '05, 

1  st  sergt. 

Corpurals. 

J(jseiih    I'arnham,  e.   .Vug.  5,'02,  m.  o.  May  .'W, 

'05. 
Henry  S.  liigersoll,  e.  Aug.  11, '02,  pro.  Q.  .sergt. 
(ieorge  Stipj).  e.  Aug.  9, '02.  pro.  Com.  sergt. 
Francis  M.  Hunt,  e.  Aug.  11, '(32,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'(35. 
Gorham  S.  Chapin,  e.  Aug.  15, '02,  d.  June  8, '65, 

for  pro. 
Kns.sell  J    Tanner,  c.  Aug.  15, '02,  sergt.   died 

Aug.  '24,  (34,  wnds. 
Samuel  Spillman.  e.  Aug.  (1,'('>2. 
Mu.'^ieians. 

Washington  F.   Randolph,   e.  Aug.   14, '02,   d. 

April  S,'64.  a 

Robt.  E.  Snyder,  e.  Aug.  22,'(32,  d.  March  IT.'On, 

dis. 

Private-^. 

Alibott,  Joel,  e.  Aug.  13,'e2,  died  June  l.S,'(3S. 
Andrews,  Jf)siah,  e.  Aug.  12,'(i2.  111.  o.  June  21, 

•(35. 
Armstrong,  (iardner  M.,  e.  Aug.  7, '02,   m.   o. 

.lunc  21, '(15,  .sergt. 
Ball,   Edwin  N.,  e^  Aug.  9,'fi2,  trans,  to  I.  C. 

.June  '28, '63. 
Bailey,  George  L.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  .luue  21, 

'(35,  corpl. 
Bass,  George  M.,  e.  Aug.  13,'02,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'(35,  sergt. 
Bavlor,  Theo<lore,  c.  .\^ug.  13, '(32,  kid.  .luno  '27, 

'  '04. 
Beu.sou,  William,  e.  .Vug.  14, "(32,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65. 
Beu.sou,  (ieorge.  c.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65. 
Bevans,  Robert  E.,  e.  Atig.  12,'(32,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Blake,  Samuel  F.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  died  Feb.  4, 

'63. 
Brown,  Benjamin,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  March  29, 

'03,  dis. 
Bee.sou, Turner,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Cannon,  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  d.  Oct.  19,'63, 

dis. 


376 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY. 


Chapin,  Ivory,  e.  Aug.  15, '62.  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Cone,  Joseph  C,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  m.  o.  June  9,'65. 
Carrico,  Harrison,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  trans,  to  I.  C. 
Cook,  James,  e.  Aug.  12,"62.  m.  o.  June  21. '65. 
Couch,  John  S.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65. 
Dean,  Stephen  E.",  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'6.5. 
Evans,  John,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '6-5. 
Evans,  George  VV.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  died  July  5, 

'64. 
Evans,  David  W..  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  abs.  at  m.  o. 

of  regt. 
Evans,  Philip  F.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  abs.  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Ellis.  Isaac  N.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  abs.  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Griffen,  Da\dd  S..  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'6.5. 
Godlev,  William,  e.  Aug.  13,"62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'6.3. 
Gardiner.  Benjamin  C,  e.   Aug.  12,'62,  died 

Oct.  4, '63. 
Oreinwill,  Robert,  e.   Aug.  12,'62,'died  Aug. 

31, '63. 
George,  Samuel,  e.   Aug.  15, '62,  m.   o.  June 

21. '65. 
Gamer,  Ferdinand,  e.  Aug.  14. '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '6.5. 
Giddings,  William  F.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Oct- 

10, '6.3. 
Greenslit,  X.  A.,  e.  Aug.  8,62,  died  June  •28,'frl, 

wnds. 
Hackett,  George  M.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '6.5. 
Hackett,  Clavton  S.,  e.  Aug.  11. '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, -6.5. 
Horton,  George  W.,  e.  Aug.  11,"62,  m.  o.  June 

21. '65,  corpl. 
Hart.   George,  e.   Aug.  13,'62,  died  July  6,'63, 

wnds. 
Huckabv,  John  H..  e.   Aug.  6, '62,  died  April 

Herr,  Sheaflf  L.,  e.  A»ig.  11, '62,  m.  o.    June 

21, '6-5. 
Lee,  Joseph  F..  e.  Aug.  11. '62.  died  Aug.  14,'63. 
Lee.  William  R.,    e.    Aug.   11, '62,  died  June 

10,'63. 
Lewis,  Henry  N.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  abs.  at  m.  o. 

of  regt. 
Lee,  Jo.seph.  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  June  10,'63. 
Louis,  Elijah,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Feb.  4,'&4. 
Little.   Robert  F.,  e.   Aug.  li,'62.  m.  o.  June 

21, '6.5. 
•  Lawrence.  Amos  B.,  e.   Aug.  11, '62,  d.  June 

21, '6.5. 
Moore,  William  W.,  e.  Aug.  16, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  corpl. 
Marshall.  Robert  R.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  June  27. 

'64,  dis. 
McKissick,  John,  e.  Aug.  23, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
McGraw,  John,  e.  Aug.  12,'62. 
Marvel,  Robert,  e.  Aug.  12,'62.  d.  Jan.  19,"63, 

dis. 
Riley,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  d.  May  30,"63,  dis. 
Roatson,  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  trans,  to  1.  C. 
Stockdale,  Albert,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Stewart,  Richard  S.,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  died  Sept. 

8. '63. 
Sly.  Wm.  H.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 
Smith,  William  A.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  sergt. 
Stone,  Jesse,  e.  Aug.  15,"62,  m.  o.  June  21. '65. 
Sebree,  St.  Clair  S.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21,'65. 
Sandford,  Charles  W.,  e.  Aug,  15, '62,  died  Oct. 

1,'64. 
Taylor,  Francis  M.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  pro.  1st  sergt., 

then  capt. 
Thorpe,  Burton  H.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 

20, '63. 


Vandersloot,  Albert  L.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  Aug. 

8, '63. 
Veeman,  Charles  A.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21. '65,  corpl. 
Werden,  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  7, '62. 
Welch,  Hosea  W.,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  d.  May  4,'63, 

dLs. 
Wilkinson,  George  J.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  pro.  sei-gt. 

maj. 
Westerfield,  Cary  A.,  e.   Aug.  20,'62,  trans,  to 

I.  C. 
Zuck,  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  m.  o.  June  22,'65, 

corpl. 
Zuck.  William,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, "6.5. 
Adams.  William  J.,  e.  Jan.  26.'65.  m.  o.  June 

5, '65. 
Chapin,  Ord.  e.  Jan.  26,'65,  trans,  to  40th  Inf. 
Coroner,   Thomas  J.,  e.  Jan.  26, '65,  trans,  to 

40th  Inf. 
Dean,  William  F.,  m.  o.  June  21,'65,  corpl. 
Ellis,  Newton,  m.  o.  May  30,'65. 
Hetherington.  Jacob,  e."  April  29, "64,  trans,  to 

40th  Inf. 
Mendenhall,  Charles  C,  e.  Jan.  26, '6.5.  trans,  to 

40th  Inf. 
McLain,  John,  e.  Jan.  10,'6.5,  trans,  to  40th  Inf. 
Ralston,   William  D.,  e.  Jan.  26,'65,  trans,  to 

40th  Inf. 
Ralston,  Jamas  C,  e.  Jan.  26,'65,  trans,  to  40th 

Inf. 
Sanders.  General  I^e,  d.  Jan.  8, '65. 
Thomas,  James  B.,  e.  Nov.  10, '63.  died  Aug.  5, 

'W.  wnds. 
^^'hitaker,  John  C,  e.  Jan.  26,'65,  trans,  to  40th 

Inf. 
WalUng,  Eli,  kid.  Oct.  15, '64. 

COIPAXY  D. 

Captains. 

3.  S.  WyckofF,  e.  Oct.  2.'62,  res.  Apl.  20.'64. 
M.  V.  D.  Voorhees,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 
21. '6.5. 

First  Lieutenants. 
B.  F.  WvckoflF,  e.  Oct.  2.'62,  res.  ApL  7.'6.3. 
I.<aac  McBean,  e.  Oct.  2.'62,  res.  June  22.'63. 
L.  P.  Blair,  e.  Aug.  13,62,  kid.  Julv  22,'64. 
R.  L.  Neefus,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21,'65. 
•    First  Sergeant. 

Matthew  V.  D.  Voorhees,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  pro.  2d 
Lieut. 

Sergeants. 

Archibald  McCrea,  e.  Aug.  13,'6'2,  died  Aug. 

6, '64. 
John  Hughes,  e.   Aug.   13,'62,    pro.    Hospital 
Steward. 
.  Lawrence  P.    Blair,    e.    Aug.    13,'62,   pro.  1st 
Lieut. 
Allen  D.  Rose,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,    m.    o.    June 
21, '65. 

Corporals. 

Charles  B.  Edmonson,  e.   Aug.  13,'62,  sergt. 

trans,  to  V.  R,  C. 
Cornelius  W.  Pratt,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  died  Feb.  1, 

'63. 
Ralph  L.  Neefus,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  pro.  1st  Lieut. 
Robert  D.   Gigh,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  sergt. 
Peter  D.  Ditto,  e.  Aug.  13.'62,  died  Feb.  18,'6.3. 
Henrv  A.  Snvder,  e.   Aug.  13,'62,   died  Deo. 

31, '6?. 
John  W.  Bower,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  sergt. 

Mti.?icia7is. 

George  M.  Woodley,  e.  Sept.  —,'62,  d.  April  16, 

'63,  dis. 
Wm.  W.  Warner,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Jan.   18,'65, 

dis. 

Wagoner. 

Joseph  L.  Cyphers,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 
21,'66. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


377 


Privates. 

Alpaugh,  Chas.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Sep.  16,'63. 
Alwood,  George  W.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Aug. 

11, '63. 
Anderson,    Lewis,    e.    Aug.  14,'62,  kid.    Nov. 

22, '64. 
Ashearn,  Robert  C,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  sergt.,  ab. 

m.  o.  regt. 
Beam,  George,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Aug.  20,'63, 

wnds. 
Beaver,  Martin  L.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Blakeslee,    G.  M.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.    o.    June 

21, '65. 
Botkin,  Marcellus,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Botkin,  EInathan,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Oct.  8,'64. 
Botkin,  Asa  J.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 
Buck,  Sidney  S.,  e,  Aug.  13, '62,  pro.  1st  as.  sur. 
Burson,  George,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June21,'65. 
Brown,  Simon  V.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Sept.  6,'63, 

dis. 
Bye,  George  J.,  e.  Oct.  13,'62,  died  Sept.  3,'64. 
Corev,  Steplien  A.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.  b.  June 

21, '65.  " 
Cyphers,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Gammon,  Theodore,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Aug.  23, 

'63,  corpl. 
Dilts,  Herman  H.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  corpl.,  died 

Aug.  3, '63. 
Dilts,  Charles  J.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  July  20,'63. 
Dilts,  James,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June,  21, '65, 

corpl. 
Ditmars,  Richard  L.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Dyckman,  Charles,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,   d.  Sept.   30, 

'64,  corpl;  wnds. 
Dailey,  George,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  trans  to  V.  R.  C. 
Diltz,  Jacob,  e.  Sept.  — ,'62,  m.  o.  June    21, '65. 
Foster,  Richard,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  corpl.,  trans,  to 

V.  R.  C. 
Foster,  Humphrey,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  May  4,'63, 

dis. 
Gick,  Henrv,  e.  Aug.  13,'63,  d.  April  16,'63,  dis. 
Goodell,  Hiram,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Dec.  18,'63. 
Gronendyke,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Sept.  6,'63, 

dis. 
Hagaman,  Abram  W.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Oct.  28, 

'63,  dis. 
Hagaman,    Garrett  V.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.    o. 

June  21, '65. 
Hagaman,  John  T.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Dec.  28, 

'63,  dis. 
Hall,  Edward  E.,  e.  Aug.   13,'62,    m.    o.    June 

21, '65. 
Hall,  Peter,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  died  Aug.  5,'64. 
Hall,  William,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  kid.   iMay  11, '65. 
Hillpot,  Hugh  F.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Hutt;  Christopher,  e.   Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  July 

1.'65. 
Huff,  Lewis  D.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Johnston,    Jacob,    e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.  o.   June 

21, '6.5. 
Johnston,  Wm.  C,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Aug. 

30,'64, 
Kellogg,  S.  H.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  kid.  Nov.  22, '64. 
Little,  James,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  d.  Sept.  6, '63,  dis. 
Merriara,  Syms  A.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  corpl. 
Moore,  Simon,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21,'65. 
Montgomery.    William,  e.   Aug.  13,'62,    m.  o. 

June  21, '65,  corpl. 
Moor,  George  J.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Sep.  15,'64. 
Moor,  Caleb,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  corpl.,  died  Nov. 

25, '64,  wnds. 
Polhemus,  John,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  1st  sergt. 
Razee,  James  R.,  e.  Aug.  13. '62. 
Reihm,  Philip,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  May  18,'65. 
Roch,  Philip,  e,  Aug.  13,'62.  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Snodgrass,  Robert,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 


Stiue,  William  R.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  July 

1,'65. 
Stine,  Jacob  P.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.o.  June  21, '65, 

corpl. 
Swiney,   Gersham,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  April 

12, '64. 
Swegle,    John  W.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,    m.    o.  June 

21, '65,  corpl. 
Taylor,  George  W.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Vail,  Jasper,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Vanarsdale,   Peter  V.  D.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o. 

June  21, '65. 
Voorhees,    Peter,    e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.  o.    June 

21, '65. 
Voorhees,  Richard  D.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,    m.  o. 

June  21, '65. 
Walsh,  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Feb.  16,'63. 
Winters,  James,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Wyckoff,  John  G.,  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Mar.  28,'62, 

dis. 
Roberts,  Paxon,  e.  Sept.  6,'62,  d.  Sep.  6,'63,  dis. 
Blakeslee,  Charles  H.,  e.  Nov.  13,'63,  d.  Feb.  24, 

'65,  wnds. 
Moorehead,  William,  dism'd  Mayl5,'63. 

COMPANY    E. 

Captain. 
F.  C.  Post,  e.  Oct.  2,'62. 

First  Lieutenant. 
C.  H.  Suydam,  e.  Oct.  2,'62. 

First  Sergeant. 

Benjamin  F.  Wood,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  died  July 
9, '63. 

Sergeants. 

Christopher  C.  Bowman,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o. 

June  20,'65. 
Douglass  M.  McCann,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  on  duty  at 

m.  o.  of  regt. 
Wfsley  S.  Low,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  kid.  Nov.  25,'63. 
Aljraham  DeClerk,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.    June 

21, '65. 

Corporals. 

Charles  W.    Thompson,   e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.    o. 

June  21, '65. 
W.  H.  Jackson,  e.  Aug.  4,'6e,  m.  o.  June   12, 

'65,  sergt. 
Wm.  Shaw,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  died  Aug.  20,'63. 
Jones   B.    Fletcher,  e.   Aug.   4, '62,  kid.   Nov. 

25,'63. 
Joseph  T.  Crawford,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  ab.  at  m.   o. 

uf  regt. 
J.  A.  Van  Meddleworth,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  ab.  at 

m.  o.  of  regt. 
Lemuel  Shooks,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  detached  at  m. 

o.  of  regt. 
Henry  F.  Castle,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  died  June  11, '64. 

Musician. 

Angelo  Thompson,  e.   Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June 
21, '65. 

Privates. 

Addis,    Simon  P.,  e.  Aug.  4, "62,    m.    o.    June 

21, '65. 
Anton,  Joseph  R.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  m.   o.  June 

21, '65,  corpl. 
Abby,  James  D.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  d.  Mar.  7,'65. 
Brown,  Lyman  P.,  e.  itug.4,'62,  died  Feb.  3, '65. 
Baylor,  Washington,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  corpl. 
Breese,  Watson,  e.  Aug.  4,64,  ab.  at  m.  o.   regt. 
Breese,  Noah,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  died  April  10,'63. 
Bree.se,  Orin,  e.  Aug.  4, '64,  died  Nov.  18, '62. 
Beasley,  Thomas,  sr.,e.  Aug.4,'62,  d.  Mar.  16,'63. 
Beaslev.  Thomas,  jr.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21  ,'65.    ■ 
Brandon,  Parker,  e.  Aug.  4,'C2,  died  Aug.17,'64. 
Broadrick  William,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June 

22,'65. 
Carver,  Ira  C,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June   21, '65. 


378 


HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY. 


CockreU,    RosweU,    c.   Aug.    4,'62,    kid.  Nov. 

25, '63. 
Convin,  James,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  died  Sept.  21, '63. 
DeVVitt,  David  S.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  died  Sep.22,'63. 
Downs,  William.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  kid.  Nov.  23,63. 
Edwards,  David,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Frederick,  Jacob  Y.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  ab.  at  m.   o. 

of  regt. 
Fitzgerald,  Haman,  e.  Aug.   4,'62,    kid.    Xov. 

25, '63. 
Fa-st,  Omri,  e.  Aug.  4,'G2,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Glothen,  Charles,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  d.  April  16,'63. 
Gosham,  Summers,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  m.  o.   June 

21, '65,  sergt. 
(ribson,  William,  c.  Aug.  4, '64,   trans,  to  I.  (J. 
Hill,  Johu  W.,  e.  A\ig.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Hiller,  F.,  e.  Aug.  4,'(i2,  died  July  1VI,'64. 
Huston.  J.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  ab:  at  m.   o.   of  regt. 
Johngan,  A.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  ni.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Johnson,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  m.  o.  June21,'65. 
Krims,  Sol.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Maulsby,  Law.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Maloon,  Win.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  d.  Sejjt.  4, '63. 
Maloon,  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  4. '62,  trans,  to  I.  C. 
McKinlev,  J.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62.  died  Dec.  24, '62. 
Mills,  Benj.  F.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  kid.  Aug.  4,'64. 
Oviatt,  Daniel,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June   21, '65. 
Purcell,  Ed.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Patterson,  An.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Rogers,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  died  Mar.  15, '64. 
Ruey,  H.  C,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  corpl.,  trans.  V.  R.  C. 
Rube,  Andrew,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  d.  May  7, '63. 
Reamy,  Dan.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June   21, '65. 
Reamy,  John,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June    21, '65. 
Rasmine,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June 21, '65, 

sergt. 
Richardson,  H.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.o.  June  3, '65. 
Robinson,  I.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  ,Iune  21, '65. 
Roberts,  Joseph  X.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62. 
Smith,  T.  K.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  d.  Xov.  7, '63. 
Swan,  Jos.  F.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m,  o.  June  21, '65. 
Stephenson,  Sam'l,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  trans  to  I.  C 
Spencer,  Sam.,  c.  Aug.  4, '62,  kid.  June  15, '64. 
Strickland,  John,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  died  Jan.24,'63.. 
Spencer,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Thomi)kins,  A.  C,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  d.  Oct.  27,'63. 
Tar,  Jos.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  .lune  21, '65. 
Wages,  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  4, '02,  d.  Feb.  7, '65. 
Wages,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  d.  May  16, '63. 
Wages,  James,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Williams,  Henry,  c.  Aug.  4, '62,  kid.  June  27, '64. 
Wilson,  Simeon,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  m.o.  June  21, '65. 
Wilson,  Charles,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  .lune  2, '65. 
Weaver,   George  H.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  in.  o.  Mav 

11, '65. 
Webb,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  died  July  IS, '63. 
Weed,  Ivory  P.,  e.  Aug.  4, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Webster,  Alphons,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  d.  May  30,'63. 
Watts,  Converse  Y.,  e.  Aug.  4,'62. 
Baigley,  Henry. 
Blair,  Andrew"  J. 
Fonts,  DaA'id. 
Fitzpatrick,  John,  e.  Mar.  '.i,'65.  trans,  to  4i)tli 

111.  Inf. 
Hurt!',  Augustus. 

McCann,  Thomas,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Weaver,  James  W.,  e.  April  5. '65,  trans,  to  40th 

ni.  Inf. 

COMPANY  r. 

Captaiiu. 

William  Vandevander.'e.  Oct.  2. '62,  res.  April 

10,'63. 
Bernard  Kelly,  e.  Oct.  2.'62,  hon.  d.  Oct.  13,'64. 
Jeremiah  Vorhees,  e.  .Vug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 

Firi^t  Lieutenants. 

J.  H.  Bailev,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  kid.  June  27,'64. 
H.  H.   Orendorff,  e.   Aug.  20,'62,  m.  o.  June 
21, '65. 

First  Sergeant. 

DsLvid  A.  Snyder,   e.  Aug.  11,  '62,  d.  Aug.  10, 
'66,  wnds. 


Sergeants. 

Jared  Woorhees,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  d.  Aug.  24,'64, 

for  pro. 
William  Griggsby,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Dee.  3, 

'63.  wnds. 
Joshua  Ellis,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  Mar.  16,'63,  dis. 
David  Maxwell,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  died  Dec.  18,'64. 
Corporals. 

William  Walters,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  sergt. 
Hazael  Putnam,  e.  Aug.   11, '62,  d.  June  5,'C3. 
Daniel  Walters,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Sept.  19,'63. 
George  W.  Mo.ss,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  kid. June  27,'64. 
John  Swearingen,  e.  Aug,  11, '62,  m.   o.  June 

21, '65. 
Whittield,  Barnett,  e.   Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Mar.  28, 

'63,  dis. 
Andrew  J.  Justice,  e.  .Vug.  11, '62,  m.  o.   .rune 

21, '65,  sergt. 
David  Cranililet.  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Sept.  2.s,'63. 

Musici(ini<. 

William  A.  Smith,  e.  Aug.  18,'62,  d.  Sept.  5,'63, 

dis. 
William  E.  Cooper,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  d.  Jan.  30, 

"64,  dis. 

M'agoncr. 
Erastus  McQueen,  e.  .Vug.  14, '62,  m.   o.   June 

21, '65. 

Privates. 
Andrew,  D.  D.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  Feb.  24,'C3. 
Augustine,  Michael,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  corpl.  kid. 

Nov.  25, '63. 
Brice,  Thos.  A.,  e.  Aug.  15,'62. 
Buck,  C,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  corp.  kid.  July  22,'64. 
Barker,  C.  E.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65, 

sergt. 
Baylcss,  F.  J.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Jan.  24,'63. 
Buck,  Jos.  H.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Buck,  Josepli,  e.  Aug.  19,'62,  m.  o.  June  21/65, 

corpl. 
Brinton,  E.  1).,  e.  Aug.  S,'62,  d.  Mar.  22,'65,  dis. 
Bailey,  Maj.,  e.  Aug,  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Baughman,  Sam'l,  e.  Au.g.  14, '62.  m.  o.   Juno 

21, '65,  corpl. 
Barker,  W.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  abs.  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Bailey,  Jas.  M.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  pro.  2d  Lieut. 
Campbell,  Jos.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Mar.  3, '63. 
Coleman,  .M.,  e.  Aug.  20,'62,  died  Xov.  12,'63. 
Dearv,  Ed.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Dowier,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Oct.  6, '63. 
Degrofl',  H.,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Douglas,  Sam'l,  e.  Augl2,'62,  m.  o.  June '21, '65. 
Ellsworth?,  .1.   W.,  e.  Aug.   22, '62,   m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Eyerly,  Wm.  .1.,  e.  A\ig,  11, '62,  in.  n.  .lune  21, 

'65,  coqil. 
Ellis,  Henry  C,  e.  Aug.  22.'62,  d.  Fel).  24,'63. 
Fordyce,  J.  F.,  e.  Aug.  15, '62,  d.  Ai)rill6,'63,dis. 
Frizzel,  .loshua,  e,  Aug,  is, '62,  m.o.  June  21, '65, 

corpl. 
Fisher,  Wilson,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  pro.  (piarterma.s- 

ter  sergt. 
(Josnell,  Wes.  L.,  e,  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  Mar.  16,'63, 

dis. 
Guthrie,  F.  M.,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  died  Jan.  31, '63. 
Grove,  Jno.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  trans,  to  I.  C. 
Gibson,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  20,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Glimpse,  S.  S.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62. 
Haskin,  C.  V.,  e.  Autr.  14, '62,  m,  o.  June  21, '65. 
Hale,  Jas  M.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  die<l  May,  1S63. 
Hoar,  Will.  ]'>.,  e.  .Vug.  '20, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Hari)er.  ^lat..  e.  Aug.  17, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65, 

corpl. 
Holler,  Will.,  t'.  .Vug.  12. '62,  ni.  o.  June    21,'65, 

corpl. 
Johnson.  B.,  e.  Aug.  ]U,'62,  m.  o,  June  21, '65. 
Lermond,  F.,  e.  .Vug.  14,'t')2,  pro.  Sergt.  ilaj. 
Lawrence,  Wni.  D.,  e.  Aug.  11. '62.  m.  o.  June 

2'.l.'65. 
Lowland,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Oct.  1,'63. 
Lowe,  Mo.ses,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  died  July  23,'64, 

wnds. 


rrrsToijY  of  rri/roN  county. 


379 


I^wis,  Geo.  H.,e.  Aug.  22,'fi2,  died  Oct.  lS,'t>4, 

wiirts. 
Mo&s,  Jos.  H.,  e,  Aug.  14,'02,  m.  o.  June  Jl/G."). 
Mayo,  Da-\id,  e.  Aug.  12, '61,  m.  o.  June  21,'t)5, 

sergt. 
.Miller,  .loel  J.,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  d.  Jan.  JT.'Ci.'),  dis. 
Manning,  J.  A.,  e.  .\ug.  1."),'62,  died  May  HI, '(i;! 
McDonnell,  Wm.  H.,  e.  Aug.  12, '02.  m.  o.  May 

27, '65. 
Orondorff,  H.  H.,  e.  Aug.  20,'62,  d.  May  r,i.'6.-), 

for  pro. 
Orendorff,  Jno.  W.,  e.  Aug.  20,'62,  d.  May  2s,'(i4, 

wnds. 
Points,  Dan'l,  e.  Aug.  20,'62,  d.  Mar.  16,'63,  dis. 
Prichard,  Gilford,  c.  Aug.  1.5,'62,  ahs.  at  ni.  o. 

of  regt. 
Pricliard,  S.,  o.  Aug.  22,'62,  d.  Aug.  ir),'Gl,  dis. 
Post,  Wra.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  June21,'6.'). 
Kamsey.  J.  P.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  d.  May  0,'68,  dis. 
Kockhold,  Samuel  W.,  e.   Aug.  22, '62,  ra.  o. 

June  21, '65,  as  sergt. 
Rea,  Sam'lG.,  e.  Aug.  i:!,'62,  died  June  21,  iM, 

wnds. 
Spry,  John,  e.  .\ug.  14, '62,  abs.  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Stuart,  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  abs.  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Stephens,  M.,  e.  Aug.  20, '62,  d.  June  ",'64,  dis. 
Tavlor,  Geo.  W.,  e.  Aug.  18, '62,  corpl. 
Wliite,  Elijah,  e.  Aug.  18,'62,  ni.  o.  June  21, ■6.'), 

corpl. 
W'Lse,  John,  e.  Aug.  20, '62,  m.  o.  June  21. '65. 
Ware.Juo.  H.,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  died  Nov.  21, '6:^, 

wnds. 
Walters,  Jos.  S.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  ni.o.  June  21, '65. 
Wheeler,  S.,  e.  Aug.  lo,'62.  m.  o.  June  21. '65. 
Walters,  Marion,  e.   -Vug.  22, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Hrowu,  F.,  e.  Feb.  15,'64,  trans,  to  lllth  Inf. 
Caves,  S.  B.,  e.  Feb.  8,'64,  trans,  to  4(itli  Inf. 
Degroft',  J.,  e.  Jan.  24,'64,  trans,  to  40th  Inf. 
Eskeringe,  J.  T.,  e.  Feb.  8,'64,  d.  Mar.   31, '65, 

wnds. 
Harwick,  Gscar,  e.  Oct.  10,'62. 
Miller,  Geo.  E.,d.  April  20,'63,  dis. 
Parvin,  Chas.,  e.  Sept.  21, '64,  died  Oct.  22,'64. 
lUch.  Pierce,  e.  Oct.  30,'62,  kid.  .July  28,'64. 
Snvder,  Peter. 

Stafford,  Wm.,  e.  Oct.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Tary.  .\lfred,  e.  Feb.  15,'64,  trans,  to  40tli  Inf. 

COMPANY  G. 

First  Sergeant. 

Charles  W.  Griffith,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  July  S,'6:!. 

Sergeant  )<. 

Thos.  A.  Hill,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  .luue  21, '65. 
Wm.  I'euny,  e.  Aug.  S,'62,  died  Nov.  28,'64. 
J.  S.  Brown,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  abs.  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Robt.  C.  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  18,'62,  d.  Jan.  16.'63. 

Corporals. 

Wm.  Gustiue,  e.  Aug.  IS, '62,  d.  .Ian.  8, '65. 
Wm.  W.  Montgomery,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  trans,  to 

I.  C.  Sept.  20,'6o. 
.Ins.  Colton,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  m.  o.  .Innc21,'65. 
K.  Whittaker,  e.  Aug.  18,'62,  kid.  June  27, '64. 
J.  J.  Williamson,  e.  Aug.  0,'62,  m.o.  June '21, '65. 
N.  Breed,  e.  Aug.   5,'62,  sergt.  died  Dec.  7,'(>1. 

wnds. 
.1.  E.  Revuolds,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  May  21, '65. 
V.  Hanchet,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  d.  Feb.  17,'65,  sergt. 

Musicians. 

.1.  H.  Rodenbaugh,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  d.  Jan.  15, '(io. 

Primieji. 

Amos,  Americus,  e.  Aug.  15, '62,  trans,  to  Co.  I. 
Bishop,   Columbus  II.,   e.    Aug.   5, '62,   m.    o. 

,Iune  21, '65,  corpl. 
Brown,  Jeremiah,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  May  27, 

•65. 
Beidenback,  William,  e.   Aug.   20,'62,    m.    o. 

June  21, '65. 
Breed,  Frank  R.,  c.  Aug.  6, '62,  abs.  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 

24 


Byere,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  8, "62,  m.  o.  .June  21, '65. 
Cery,    Francis    M..   e.   Aug.   6, '62,    kid.    Fot>. 

25, '65. 
Couyers,  J.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  died  March  5. '63. 
Counterman.  William,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  trans,  to 

I.  C. 
Craig,  James  H..  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  abs.  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Cozad,  James,  e.  Aug.  11, '62.  d.  Sept.  6, '63. 
Carroll,  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  May  30, '63. 
('rook,  Josiah,  e.  Aug.  12,'62. 
])uml)lazier,  William  G.,   e.    .Vug.  22. '62,  cap. 

May  27,'64. 
Davidson,   Alphous,   e.    Aug.    0,'ti2.    d.    .Vjiril 

•25, '64. 
Foot,  William,  e.  Aug.  22, '62. 
Griggs,    Franklin,   e.    Aug.  18, '62,    in.  o.  .June 

21, '65. 
(iray,  Wilson,  e.  Aug.  11, '62. 
Hunt,  Lemuel,  e.  Aug.  18. '62,  d.  March  20,'63. 
Hudson,   Stephen,   e.   Aue.   7, '62,  ni.  o.  June 

■21, '65. 
llutt'ord,   Abraham,  e.   Aug.  8, '62,   kid.    .\Iav 

27. '64. 
.lacobus.    John,   e.    Aug.    13, '62,    died    .March 

.31. '6.5. 
.Jacobus,  Thos.  J.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  abs.  at  m.  o. 

of  regt. 
.lohnson,   Abraham,  e.    .Vug.    11, '()2,    d.    Feb. 

15, '63. 
Lingenfelter.  Josiah.  c.  Aug.  8. '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Lazwell,  Josiah,  e.  .Vug.  22, '62,  trans.  t(i  1.  c. 

Oct.  22, '62. 
Mvers,   Artemus.   c.    .Vus.    22,'i)2,    kid,    .lunc 

27, '64. 
McEntvre,  Samuel,   e.    Aug.   15, ■(i2,  kid.  .hiiic 

27, '64. 
McEntvre,    Waterman,    e.    Aug,    lt;,'62.    died 

March  28, '65. 
Maxwell,  Jacob  E.,   c.    Aug.   It, '62,  kid.  .June 

27, '64. 
Moran,   Oliver  C,   e.    .Vug.   14, '62,   died    Mav 

22, '63, 
Mifliu,    Henry  J,,   v.    Aug.   22,'62,    (iro.   Hosp. 

Stew. 
Miksell,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  22. '62,  m.  o.  .June  21, '65. 
Xicholson,  Jacob  J.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62.  trans,  to  I, 

C,  Oct.  22, '63. 
Nicholson,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  m.  o  .Inly  4, '65, 
Parks,  Henry  C,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  d.  Feb.  6,'63. 
Purnell,  Lewis,  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65, 

sergt. 
Prichard,  John,  c.  Aug.  y,'62,  d.  July  1  l.'(i3. 
Richardson,  James  A.,  e.  Aug.  'il,'62. 
Richardson,  Robt.,  e,  Aug.  8, '62,  m.  o.  .lune  21, 

65,  corpl. 
Roadcape,  J.,  e.   .Vug.  8, '62,  trans,  to  I.  C.  Oct. 

22, '63. 
Roadcape,  .Allen,  e.  Aug.  8,'62,  d.  Feb.  28,'63, 
Robert,  Wm,,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

corpl. 
Record,  C,  e.  Aug.   22,'62,   trans,  to  I.  C.  Oct. 

22, '63. 
Ryan,  M.  B.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Rejniolds,  L.  J.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  died  Sept.  14, '63. 
Reynolds,  A.,  e.  Aug.  11. '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Reynolds,  J.  W.,  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65, 

corpl. 
Heynolds.  Jesse,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  d.  Feb.  22,'63. 
Rowlev,  E.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  April  13,'64. 
Shoemaker,  I.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  March  28,'63. 
Shields,  H.  B.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  d.  March  28,'63. 
Slater,  Ed.  D.,  e.  Aug.  18,'62,  d.  Dec.  •20,'64. 
Schenck,  Oscar  C,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  d.  Oct.  2,'62. 
Stone,  David,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.  o.  June  '21, '65. 

corpl. 
Smith,  J.  M.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  kid.  July  22,64. 
Stearns,  P.,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Stearns,  Horace,  e.  Aug.  7, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  sergt. 
Sco\'ille,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  8, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
sergt. 


380 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


Suydam,  Ed.,  e.  Aug.  6,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Switzer,  lohn,  e.  Aug.  1.5,'62,  died  Aug.  8,'63. 
Slack,  Irwin,  e.  Aug.  U,'6J,  m.  o.  June  21  '6o. 
Trader,   George  W.,  e.   Aug.  13, '62,  died  Feb. 

11,'63. 
Tilling,  Robert,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  April  16,  63. 
West,  James,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  Aug.  26,'63. 
Williamson,  Jas.  L.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  corpl. 
Williams,  S.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  kid.  May  27,'64. 
Yocum,  I.  W.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  Juue  21,'65. 
Griggsby,  Ellis,  d.  Jan.  15,'6:3. 
Harrison,  James.  ,   ^   , 

Hill  Eph.  A.,  e.  Dee.  2, '63,  trans,  to  40th  Inf. 
Hall,  Jno.  D.,  e.  Dec.  2,'6-^,  trans,  to  40th  Inf. 
Myers,  D.  M.,  e.  Dec.  2,'63,  kid.  June  27, '64. 
Mvers,  I.  N.,  e.  Oct.  14,'62,  trans,  to  40th  Inf. 
Payne,  John,  d.  April  13, '63,  dis. 
Richardson,   Wm.,  e.  Oct.  10,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Smith,  James,  e.  Jan.  1,'63,  died  Dec.  10,  bo. 

COMPANY  H. 

Captains. 
J.  J.  Hale,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,  res.  eune  3.'63. 
William  Boyd,  e.  Oct.  2.'62,  res.  Nov.  11, '64. 
F.  M.  Putnam,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June  21.'6o. 

First   Lieutenants. 
W.  W.  Fox,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  res.  Sept.  17,'64. 
J.  L.  Thoma-s,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June  21,'65. 

Second  Lieutenants. 
S  D.  Woodson,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,  res.  Mar.  26,'63. 
Asahel  Randel,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  kid.  June  27, '64 

First  Sergeant. 
William  F.  Fox,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  pro.  1st  Lieut. 

Sergeants. 
Thomas  Deens,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  trans,  to  I.  C. 
Francis  M.  Putnam,  e.  Aug.  9, '62.  pro.  Capt. 
Samuel  Campbell,  e.   Aug.  11, '02,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  sergt. 
Jesse  Hiuderleiter,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June 
21,'65. 

Corporals. 

Arthur  Miles,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  trans,  to  I.  C.  April 

28,'64. 
Wm.  S.,  Kimball,  e.  Aug.  12.'62.  died  N'ov.  '62. 
Wm.  C.  Lisenby,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  died  April  18, 

'63,  wnds. 
Asahel  Handle,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  pro.  sergt.  com. 

2d  Lieut. 
Thomas  D.  Kelly,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  June  '63. 
Wm.  J.  Ashton,  e.  Aug.  12,'62.  kid.  June  15,'64. 
J.  A.  Ridle,  e.  Aug.  12,'62.  kid.  June  27,'64. 
J   A.  Westfall,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  trans,  to  I.  C.  May 

31, '64. 

Musicians. 
Wm.  T.  Scott,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  m.  o.  June  22,'65. 
Samuel  T.  Wells,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  d.  Sept.  18,'63. 

Privates. 
Agnew,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  11, "62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Austin,  J.,  e.   Aug.   12,'62,  trans,  to  I.  C.  Jan. 

15,'64. 
Baker,  John,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Aug.  '63. 
Belless,  W.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  trans,  to  I.  C.  Jan. 

15,'64. 
Bennett,  Amos,  e.  Aug.  9,'62. 
Bird,  Henrv,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  d.  April,'64. 
Bolen,  W.  J.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  corpl.  kid.  July 

29,'64. 
Bolen,  W.  B.,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  d.  March. '6.3. 
Bordner,  H.  P.,  e.  Aug.  11, '02,  died  Nov.'63, 

wnds. 
Clark,  Robert,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  May31,'65. 
Cornell,  R.  A.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  abs.  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Campbell,   M.   K.,  e.   Aug.   n,'62,  kid.  June 

27, '64. 


Davis,   W.,  e.   Aug.   12,'62,   m.   o.  June  21, '65, 

sergt. 
Deford,  F.  M.,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  corpl.  kid.  Nov. 

25, '63. 
Deraott,  C,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Evans,  J.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  d.  May,'64,  wnds. 
Ford,  W.  A.,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Gibbeny.  T.   F.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Glasscock,  J.  G.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  July  6,'63. 
Hair,  Elijah  C,,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  d.  for  pro. 
Harris,  Perry,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  wnd'd. 
Harris,  W.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  kid.  Nov.  25,'63. 
Hyde,  John  H.,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  det.  at  m.  o.  of 

regt. 
Jellison,  E,,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  kid.  June  27,'64. 
Jenkins,  D.  M.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Kimball,  E.  T.,  e.  Aug,  9,'02,  trans,  to  I.  C. 
Lancaster,  M.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  died  April.'63. 
Lathburv,  J.,  e.  Aug.  18,'62,  m.  o.  June  22,'65. 
Laws,  Samuel  T.,  e.  Aug.  9, '62,  trans,  to  I.  C. 
Laws,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m,  o.  June  21,'65, 

sergt. 
Lenhart,  D.  A.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  abs.  atm.  o.  of 

regt. 
Lisenbv,  J.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  trans,  to  L  C.  Dec. 

15, '63. 
Linch,  David,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  d.  May  ]8,'63. 
Matuev,  D.,  e.  Aug.  ]1,'62,  d.  May,"64,  wnds. 
Maxwell,  D.  E.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  21. 

'65,  corpl. 
McCarthy,  D.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  died  June, '63. 
McCumbei,  John,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  trans,  to  I.  C. 

Dec.  1.5,  "63. 
Miller,  Berhard,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  kid. 
Nieheson,  J.,  e.  Aug.  r2,'62,  m.  o.  June  21,'65. 
Nokes,  Aaron,  e.  Aug.  12,'02,  died  Dec.  21, '62. 
Pressler,  E.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  trans,  to  40lh  Inf. 
Reeves.  N.  T.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  june  21, '65. 
Rice.  Charles  T.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62.  d.  April  16,'63. 
Rice.  Henrv,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  Feb.  18,'63. 
Shortness,  C.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62.  d.  Jan.  7,'65,wnds. 
Shrvock,  J.  P.,  e.  Aug.  1S,'62;  d.  April  16,'63. 
Sennett,  A.  R.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  '63,  wnds. 
Slock,  G.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Smith,  B.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65, 

sergt.  ^  ^ 

Smith,  C.  M.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  trans,  to  I.  C. 
Smith,  A.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  trans,  to  I.  C.  April 

2S,'64. 
Smith,  Barnett,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'05,  corpl. 
Sparger,  Samuel,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Stevenson.  E.  J.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  Dec.'63. 
Stutes,   Wm.  F.  M.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  det.  at  m. 

o.  of  regt. 
Stutes,  A.,  J.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  det.  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Stack,  R.,  e   Aug.  11, '62,  died  Dec.  18,'62. 
Thomas,  J.  L.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  pro.  1st.  Lieut. 
Virgil,  John,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  m.  o.  June  22,'65. 
Walker.  Hen.,  e.  Aug.  r2,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65,    ' 

corpl. 
Weston,  Sam.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62.  m.  o.   une  21, '65. 
Wilcoxen,  James  C,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65.  corpl. 
Wright,  S.  B.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  died  Feb.  — ,  '63. 
Wright.  W.  O.,  e.  Aug.  9,'62,  d.  Mar.  —,'6.3,  dis. 
Wells,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  r2.'62,  d.  June  —,'64,   dis. 
Austin,  Wm.  J.,  died  July  —,'63. 
Austin.  John  E..  died  Feb.  —,'03. 
Freeman,  Martin,  d.  May  — ,'63. 
Gibbons,  Mark,  Feb.  18,'64,  trans  to  40th  Inf. 

June  19, '65. 
Taylor,  Henry. 
Weston,  Edwin. 

COMPANY   I. 

Captains. 
Phillip  Medley,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,  res.  Feb.  4,'63. 
S.  H.  Brown,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,  res.  April  1,'64. 
W.  S.  Johnson,  e.  Oct.  2,'62, 


HISTORY    OF    FTTT>TON    COUNTY. 


381 


First  Lieutenants. 
N.    P.    Montgomery,  e.  Oct.  2, '62.    kid.    .June 

27, '64. 
Tim.  Dewey,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
Zeb.  Branson,  e.  Oct.  15,'62,  kid.  June  27,'64. 

First  Sergeant. 

A.  S.  Vansyckle,  e.  Aug.  4,'62,  kid.  June  2,'64. 

Sergeants. 

Isaac  H.  Ray,  e.  Aug.  14,'62. 

James  Howard,  e.  Aug.  15, '62. 

J.  B.  Patterson,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  d.  Apl  5,'65,  dis. 

David  S.  R.  Jackson,  e.  Aug.  14,'62  . 

Corporals. 

Cornelius  McWhirt,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  Dec.  15, 

'64,  sergt.,  dis. 
ClifFord  T.  Lambert,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  Mar.  — , 

'64,  p'vt.,  dis. 
Wm.  H.  Zolman,  e.  Aug.  15, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  sergt. 
L.  P.  Zolman,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,-  died  Feb.  —,'63. 
John  Butler,  e.  Aug.  14,'62. 
Wm.  Pierce,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65, 

sergt. 
Arthur  F.  Bust,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  trans,  to  I.   C. 
W.  H.  Coons,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Mu,ncians. 

VV.  A.  Gustin,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
D.  Smith,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  d.  Mar.  20,'63,  dis. 

Teamster. 

Levi  Hedger,  e.  Aug.  14, '62. 

Privates. 

Allison,  John,  e.  Aug.  15, '62,  died  Oct.  24, '62. 
Bevard,  G.,  e.  Aug.  14, '02,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Brown,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.   14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65, 

corpl. 
Berg,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  April  —,'63. 
Bekelshymer,  Charles,    e.  Aug.  15, '62,  m.    o. 

June  21, '65,  .sergt. 
Branson,  Zeb.,  e.  Aug.  15, '62,  pro  2d  Lieut. 
Bishop,  Columbus  H.,  e.  Aug.  5, '62. 
Clanin,  Thos.  J.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Julv  3,'63. 
Clanin,  John,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Oct.  11, '62. 
Clanin,  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  14, '62. 
Cooper,  John  V.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Crawford,  James,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Coons,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  14, '62. 
Dervey,  Tim.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  pro.  1st.  Lieut. 
France,  Isaac,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
France,  Wm.  R.,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  died  Jan. '64. 
France,  Michael,  e.  Aug.  21, '1)2,  died  Jan. '64. 
France,  Robert,  e,  Aug.  14, '62. 
Goldsmith,  James,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,   corpl.,  kid. 

June  15,'64. 
Gray,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  15, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Graven,  John  B.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  sergt. 
Howard,   Geo.  O.,  e.Aug.  14.'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  sergt. 
Hummel,  G.  F.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62, trans,  to  40th  Inf. 
Holt,  William,  e.  Aug.  15, '62,   m.  o.  June   21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Hillyer,  John  C,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
Krous,  James,  e.  Aug.  21, '62. 
Kelly,  Z.  T.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  kid.  June  15,'64. 
Littleton,  George  D.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62. 
Littleton,  John  M.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  abs.  at  m.  o. 

of  regt. 
Littleton,  F.  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Mar.  18,'63. 
Lease,  Dan.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  d.  Jan.  30,'64,  dis. 
McMuUen,  Andrew,  e.  Aug.  14, '62. 
Miller,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  21, '64,  trans,  to  40th    Inf. 
Monroe,  Enoch,  e.Aug.  15,'62,  died  Aug.  20,'63. 
Monroe,  Allen,  e.  Aug.  21, '62. 
Murry,  Peter  P,,  e.  Aug.  15,'62. 


Murry,  Thomas,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  died  Jan. ,'63. 
McQueen,  Asa,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  abs.  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Nevin,  Simon,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  died  Oct.  20,'63. 
Nolan,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  14, '61,  died  Feb.  18,'64. 
Nolan,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  d.  Mar.  30,'63,  dis. 
Paul,  D.,  6.  Aug.  15,'62,  d.  Nov.  26,'63,  wnds. 
Parkinson,  Thomas  K.,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  m.    o. 

June,  21, '65.  corpl. 
Parkinson,  J.,  e.  Aug.  15, '62,  ab.  at  m.  o.  regt. 
Patterson,  Hamilton  H.,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  d.  Mar. 

27, '65,  dis. 
Pattenson,  William,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  d.  Nov., '63. 
Pattenson,  And.,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  died  Oct.  7,'63. 
Patterson,  T.  S.  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Snider,  Wm.  H.,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  kid.  Nov.  25,'63. 
Snider,  Orville,  e.  Aug.  21, '62,  kid.  Nov.  25,'63. 
Smith,  Robert  W.,  e.  Aug.  21, '62. 
Spry,  Elias,  e.  Aug.  15,'62,  det.  at  m.  o.  regt. 
Sheppard,  George,  e.   Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65,  corpl. 
Underwood,  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  d.  Nov.  18, 

'63,  dis. 
Valentine,  M.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  june21,'65. 
Warfleld,  A.,  e.  Aug.  15, '62,  abs.  at  m.   o.  regt. 
Wren,  J.  O.,  e.  Aug.  21, ,62,  d.  Mar.'63,  dis. 
Peterson,  Wm.  S.,  e.  Aug.  8,'62,  App'ed  Chap. 
Fanchon,  M.  T.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  kid.  June  27,'64. 
Higgins,  Hiram  S.,  e.  Atig.  14, '62. 
.lohnson,  Gary  C,  e.  Aug.  14, '62. 
Coleman,  Wm.  L.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,    d.  July    15, 

'64,  dis. 
Grigsliy,  Ellis,  e.  Aug.  22,'62. 
McKoggan,  James,  e.  Aug.  22, '62. 
Clanin,  J.  S.,  e.  Mar.  6,'65,  trans  to  40th  Inf. 
Ames,  Americus,  abs.  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Bishop,  Nimrod  C. 
Coons,  Samuel. 
Long,  William. 
Miller,  JohnS. 

VanBrunt,  J.  W.  Appointed  Ass't Surgeon. 
Weston,  Jos.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m.  o.  June  21,'65, 

COMPANY  K. 

Captains. 
J.  C.  King,  e.  Oct.  2, '62,  died  Jan.  3, '63. 
A.  B.  Smith,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,  m.  o.  June  21,'65. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Aaron  Amesley,  e.  Oct.  2,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

'  First  Sergeaiit. 
P.  Barry,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  m,  o.  June  21, '65. 

Sergeants. 
D.  Wilcox,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Dec.  19,'63,wnds. 
J.  Stickler,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  17,'65. 
C.  W.  Fellows,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Tim.  Coakley,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Corporals. 
H.  Stickler,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  died  Julv  2, '64. 
J.  B.  Prentiss,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  trans,  to  I.  C. 
J.  E.  McGrath,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o  June  21,'65. 
Geo.  H.  Woodcock,  e.  Aug.  12, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
W.  Jacobs,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  sergt.,  abs.  m.  o.  regt. 
J.  Gibson,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
J.  Briley,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  d.  May  7, '63,  dis. 
Jacob  Debert,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65, 

sergt. 

Mu,ncians. 
Payne,  C.  E.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  pro.  prin.  music'n. 
Wheeler.  D.  L.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 

Private-s. 
Aub.iugh,  Jesse,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Mar.  30,'65. 
Bricker,  D.  U.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  June  18,'63. 
Bailie,  Rufus  M.  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65.  corpl. 
Burge,  C,  e.  Aug.  13. '62,  d.  Mar.  29, '63,  dis. 
Burge,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,   died  Dec.   17,'63, 

wnds. 
Benson,  M.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Baughman,  H.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  corpl.  kid.  Aug. 

23,'64. 


382 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


Boulby,  J.  P.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  Aug.  1,'63. 
Bucklev,  A.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  Feb4,'64. 
Banks,"Wm.  S.,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  died  Mar.  19,'r):;. 
Custon,  E.,  e.  Aug.   1.3,'62,  trans,  to  I.  C.  Sept. 

1,'63. 
Cooper,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, 'ft). 
Carroll,  Wm.  H.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  died  Nov.  20. 

'63,  wnds. 
Caldwell.  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  ll.'tK,  died  Feb.  12,'63. 
Crippin,  W.  E.,  e.  Aug.  13,'t52,  m.o.  June21,'6.D. 
Cathus,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  14,'B2. 
Castello,  W.  A.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.o.  June  21, '6.:), 
Coleman,  J.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62. 
Deford,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  13,'<)2,  cap'd  May  28,'64. 
Dunham,  J.,  e.   Aug.  14,'62,  ra.  o.  June  21,'65, 

corpl. 
Dorrance,   W.  M.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,   m.  o.  June 

21,'6.i. 
Evans,  A.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  June  2.5,'63. 
Evans,  M.,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  abs.  wnd'datm.  o.  of 

regt. 
Gasarow,  A.,  c.  Aug.  14.'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '6o. 
Grim,  G.  D.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  died  Oct.  14,'65. 
Holt,  S.  R.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  d.  Feb.,  '6.3. 
Harkhouse,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  11,"62. 
Harman,  J.  P.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  '21, '6.5. 
Hews,  A.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Hughes,  J.  E.,  e.  Aug.  13,'6'2. 
Haptonstall,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.   o.  June 

21, '6.5. 
Harper,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Hallan,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June  24,'65. 
Hall,  B.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  d.  .Sept.  16,'63. 
Hughes,  M.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  m.  o.  ,iune  21, '6.5. 
Huber,  W.  C,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  died  Jan.  4.'6.3. 
Heldebeidel.  G.,  e.  Aug.  14,  '02,  d.  May  16,'63, 

dis. 
Harder.  C,  e.  Aug.  14,'62.  d.  April  16,'63,  dis. 
Jackson,  G.,  e.  Aug.  22, '62.  d.  Mar.  20, '63,  dis. 
Jacox,  M.,  e.  Aug.  22,'62,  kid.  July  28.'(>4. 
Kellogg,  H.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  died  Dec.  20, '63. 
Ketchum,  J.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '6.5. 
Ketchum,  L.  T.,  e.   Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, 

'65,  sergt. 
Lockwood.  G.,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '6.5. 
Messinger,  S.,  e.  Aug.  13, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65 
McMillen,  T.C.,  e.Aug.  ]3,'62,  d.  Jan.17,'63,  dis. 
Miller,  N.  D,,  e.  Aug.  22, '62,  abs.  at  m.  o.  regt. 
Minnick,  G.  \V.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.o.  June  21, '65. 
Xewman,  J.  P.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  m.o.  June  21. '65. 
Provard,  J.,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  died  May  15,'63. 
Paul.  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Pierce,  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  trans,  to  I.  C.  Sept. 

1,'63. 
Re%-nolds,  J.,  e.  Aug.  13.'62,  trans,  to  1.  C.  Oct. 

"20, '63. 
Ringer,  J,,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  ra.  o.  June  2\,'6o. 
Rose,  H.  G.,  e,  Aug.  11, '62.  cap'd  May  28,'64. 
Scanlon,  B.,  e.  Aug.  12, '6J,  d.  July  6. "64. 
Silvernail,  J.,  e.,  Aug.  U, '62,  died  Nov.  27, '63, 

wnds. 
Schaefler,  W.,  e,  Aug.  12,'62,  m.  o.  June  '21, '65, 

corpl. 
Tallmadge,  Theo.  T.,  e.  Aug.  12, '62.  ni.  o.  June 

21. '65. 
Varner,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug,  15,'62,  m.  o.  June  21,'65. 
Varner,  J.  M.,  e.  Aug.  14. '62,  trans,  to  40th  Inf. 
Veron,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  r2.'62,  d.  June  8.'63,  dis. 
Wander,  A.,  e.  Aug.  12,'62,  kid.  June  6,'63. 
Weekel,  J.,  e.  Aug.  •22,'62,  m.  o.  June  21, '65. 
Zimmerman,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  14, '62,  m.  o.  June 

21, '65. 
Anderson,  J.,  d.  April  16, '63,  dis. 
Hugh,  T.,  died  Sept.  20,'63. 
Smith,  J.  K..  det'd  at  m.  o.  of  regt. 
Wright,  G.  W..  pro.  Maj. 
Lingenfelter,  J.,  died  Mar.  22, '65. 
Lewis,  W.  D. 

Peterson,  Isaac  B.,  died  April  2, '64. 
Phillip,  S.  T.,  died  May  8, '64. 

113th  INFANTRY. 

Snvder,  J.  L.,  Co.  D,  e.  Dec.  '26. '63,  m.  o.  Sept. 
"  10, '6.5. 


Nelson,  M.  H.,  Co.  E,  e.  Aug.  11,'62,  died  Jan. 

5. '63. 
Ralph,  C.  M.,  Co.  E,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  June 

8,'64. 
Runvan.  L.,  Co.  E,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June 

20,'65. 
Runvan,  J.  W.,  Co.  E,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Mar. 
30, '63. 

COMPANY  H. 

Second  Lieutenant. 

G.  A.  Woodruff,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  m.  o.  June  20,'65. 

Corporals. 
Stephen  Hamblin,  e.  Aug.  14,'62,  m.  o.  June 

20, '65,  sergt. 
John  Frith,  e.  Aug.  10,'62,  m.  o.  June  26,'65, 

sergt. 
P.  D.  Sutton,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  m.  o.  June  20,'65, 
sergt. 

Private!'. 
Chapman,  A.  P.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Jan.  8,'63. 

dis. 
Devoe,  Richmond,  c.  Aug.  9,'62,  trans,  to  I.  C, 

wnds. 
Everett,  D.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62,  d.  Nov.  14,'62,  dis. 
Frith,  C.  W.,  e.  Aug.  13,'62. 
Holmes,  John,  e.  Aug.  7.'62,  died  Dec.  12,'63. 
Kellev,  H.  H.,  e.  Aug.  11,'6'2,  trans,  to  I.  C. 
Mills," E.  E.,  e.  Aug.  7,'62,  m.  o.  June  •20,'65. 
Sammonds,  Adam,  e.  Aug.  11, '62,  died  Feb. 

18, '63. 
Sammonds.  Nicholas,  c.  Aug.  13, '62. 
Sutton,  Smith,  e.  Aug.  11, '62.  Ji.  o.  June  20,'65. 
Straney.  John,  e.  Aug.  11.'62,   died  Oct.  22,'64. 

while  pris. 
Horton,  P.  I ,  e.  Mar.  4, '65,  Co.  E,  118th  regt. 
Schundy,  Julius,  e.  Feb.  23,'65,  Co.  E,  118th 

regt. 
Capt.  O.  H.  Clark,  e.  Oct.  29,'62,  Co.  C,  120th 
regt. 

123tl  INFANTRY. 

COMPANY  I. 

Serge'int.'!. 
Jhon  Patterson,  e.  Aug.'62,  ra.  o.  June  2<8,'65. 
J.  M.  Killough,  e.  Aug.'62,  d.  Oct.  28,'63,  dis. 

Corporal.''. 
S.  F.  Hallctt,  e.  Aug.'62,  abs.  at  ra.  o.  of  regt. 
J.  1).  Drvden,  e.  Aug.'62,  d.  May  10,'63,  dis. 
S.  B.  Morrison,  e.  Aug.'62,  died  Feb.  3,'63. 
J.  M.  Wood,  e.  Aug.'62,  d.  April  27, '63,  dis. 

Pi-ivatc-i. 
Armstrong,  J.,  e.  Aug.'62,  m.  o.  June  28,'65. 
Bradford,  John,  c.  Aug.'62,  died  of  wnds.  Oct. 

8, '62. 
Bargerhoof.  W.  R.,  e.  Aug. '62,  died  of  wnds. 
Baker,  John  W.,  e.  Aug.'62,  m.  o.  June  28,'65. 
Riddle,  F.  G.,  e.  Aug. '62,  m.  o.  June  '28, '65. 
Catlin,  S.  P.,  e.  Aug., '62,  died  of  wnds. 
Cro.ss,  H.  E..  e.  Aug., '62,  died  of  wnds. 
Cozee,  R.,  e.  A>ig.'62,  d.  for  wnds.  Sept.  15,'62. 
Eastin.  Ja.sper,  e.  Aug.'62,  m.  o.  June  2S,'65. 
Hall,  A.  D.,  e.   Aug.'62,  abs.  at  ra.  o.  of  regt. 

wnds. 
Hushoar,  John,  e.  Aug.'62,  died  April  29,'63. 
Killnuah,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.'62.  m.  o.  June  28,'65. 
Matthews,  Eli,  e.  Aug.'62,  d.  April  20 '64,  dis. 
Matthews,  Martin,  e.  Aug.'62.  died  Feb.  5,'63. 
Matthews,  Wm..  e.  Aug.'62,  m.  o.  June  28,'65. 
Morrison,  J.,  e.  Aug.'62,  ra.  o.  June  28,'65. 
Poland.  J.,  e.  Aug.'62,  died  Nov.  3,'63. 
Price,  Jo.seph.  e.  Aug., '62,  d.  April  13,'63,  dis. 
Rodgers.  J.  W.,  e.  Aug., '02. 
White,  J.  R.,  e.  Aug. '62,  m.  o.  June  28,'6.j. 

132(1  INFANTRY. 

This  regiment  was  organized  at  Camp  Fry. 
Chicago,  by  Colonel  Thomas  A.  Pickett,  and 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


383 


was  mustered  in  for  one  hundred  days  from 
Junelst,'64.  The  regiment  received  orders  to 
move,  June  fith,  for  Columbus,  Ky.,  where  it 
arrived  on  the  Sth,  and  reported  to  Brigadier- 
General  Henry  Price.  On  the  15th  of  June 
moved  to  Paducah,  Ky.,  and  reported  to  Col. 
S.  G.  Hicks.  The  132d  remained  on  duty  at 
Paducah  until  expiration  of  senicc,  when  it 
moved  to  Chicago,  and  was  mustered  out  Oct. 
17, '64. 

Liaitenani  Colovd. 
Wm.  H.  Haskell,  e.  .fune  1,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '04. 

Principal  Musicians. 

A.  F.  Small,  c.  April  •i9,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
J.  J.  Hosselkuss,  e.  May  9,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 

COMPANY  B. 

Second  Lieutenant. 

.V.  H.  Heminover,  e.  June  1,'64,  m.  o.  Oct. 
17,'G4. 

Sergeants. 

J.  M.  Onion,  e.  May  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Harry  Post,  e.  May  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'r)4. 

Corporals. 
R.  Lane,  e.  Mav  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '04. 
Wm.  Dancev,  e".  M^y  10, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Joshua  Belt,  e.  May  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 

Privates. 

Brick,  B.  S.,  e.  May  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Beers,  Samuel,  e.  Mav  10, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Berry.  J.  H.,  e.  May  10,'G4.  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Barnes,   Eli  E.,  e.  Mavl0,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Bronson,  C.  C,  e.  May  10, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Bromley,  John,  e.  May  10, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Bovnton,  E.,  e.  Mav  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Bodkins,  I.  B.,  e.  Mav  27,'64,  m.  o.  Oct,  ]7,'64. 
Chapman,  J.  W.,  e.  May  •JS.'iM,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Denston,  J.  H.,  e.  May  10,'64,  m.  o.  Ocj.  17, '04. 
Dunbar,  F.  C,  e.  May  27, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Dickenson,  Mahlon,  e.  May  6, '64. 
Engles,  James,  e.  Mav  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17. '64. 
Evans,  Edward,  e.  Mav  1.3,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Foster,  H.  L.,  e.  May  10,'64.  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Jameson,  James,  e.  Mav  10, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Kingerv,  M.  M.,  e.  Mav  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Leichlitcn,  H.,  e.  May  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
McCausland,  Wm.,  e.  Mav  15,'64,  m.   o.   Oct. 

17,'64. 
Mills,  Da\'id.  c.  :Mav  16,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Miller,  S.,  e.  May  16, '64,  died  Aug.  9, '64. 
Newberrv,  W.,  e.  May  10,'64,  m.  o.Oct.  17,'64. 
O'Conner,  N.,  e.  Mav  14, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Onion,  J.  N.,  c.  May  16, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'04. 
Parr,  John,  e.  Mav  16, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Plotts.  Alex.,  e.  May  16,'64.  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
I'avne,  L.  M.,  e.  Mav  16,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Kevnolds,   W.   H.,  e.   May  16.'64,   m.   o.   Oct. 

17, '64. 
Southerland,  W.,  e.  May  9, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Southerland,  Silas,  e.  Mav  12,'64,  rejected. 
Shields,  A.  A.,  e.  May  16V64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'61. 
Shields,  W.  T.,  e.  Mav  6, '64,  rejected. 
Wallace,  J.  P.,  e.  Isl-iy  27,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Rogers,  James. 

COMPANY  D. 

Captain. 
Frank  E.  Chase,  e.  June  1,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 

First  Lieutenant. 
H.  A.  Ander.son,  e.  June  1, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 

Second  LJcuicnant. 
Wm.  C.  Babcock,  e.  June  1, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 


Sergeants. 
Wm.  A.  Ralston,  e.  May  2,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
C.  C.  Mendenhall,  e.  Mav  2,'(54,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
W.  M.  Bryant,  e.  April  30,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
C.  Uempsey,  e.  May  3,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 

Corporals. 
P.  M.  Bays,  e.  May4,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
M.  A.  Ringland,  e.  May  2, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Ora  Chapin,  e.  May  6, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
('.  Weckmire,  e.  May  2, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
J.  V.  Morris,  e.  May  7,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
J.  H.  Chrisman,  e.  Mav  3, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
T.  H.  Barnes,  e.  ApriI19,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
G.  M.  L.  Lucas,  e.  May  13, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 

Musician. 
A.  L.  Gridley,  e.  May4,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 

Privates. 
Bordner,  A.,  e.  May  4,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Brown,  Geo.,  e.  Mav  16, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Blum,  John,  e.  May  23,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Bishop,  D.   A.,  e.  May  25, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Childers,  Abram,  e.  Mav  7, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Crusen,  J.  W.,  e.  Mav  30,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Conner,  T.  K.,  e.  May  6,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Cruisen,  James,  e.  Mav  6, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Cordner,  T.  J.,  e.  May  16,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
(Arouse,  C.  H.,  e.  May  4, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'62. 
Colby,  George,  e.  May  9, '64. 
Dickev,  Lisle,  e.  Mav  2, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Danley,  H.  B.,  e.  May  13,'64,  died  at  Paducah, 

Ky.,  Aug.  26,'64. 
Dunn,  David,  e.  Mav  6, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Darby  H.  H.,  e.  May  8,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Dav,  Howard,  e.  Mav  16, '64. 
Dunham,  Patrick,  e.  May  10,'64. 
Filer,  Joshua,  e.  May  25, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Fetters.  O.  P.,  e.  May  4, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Greenville,  E.,  e.  May  14, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64, 
Green,  Veley,  e.  May  6, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '62. 
Gapen,  J.  Z.,  e.  May  9, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Goforth,  W.  P.,  e.  May3,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Harper,  Cartney,  e.  May  6, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Harper,  Caleb,  e.  May  10,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Hall,  V.  E.,  e.  May  6,'64,  m,  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Heaton,  M.,  e.  Mav,  25,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Jay,  W.  S.,  e.  May  5,'64,  m.  o.  Oct  17,'64. 
Kimball,  F.  L.,  Mav  14, '64,  died  at  Paducah, 

Ky.,  Aug.  10, '64. 
Little,  X.,  e.  May  2,'64,  m.  o.  Oct  17,'64. 
Laws,  Spencer,  e.  May  3,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Lantz,  W.   W.,  e.  May  26,'64,  m.  o.   Oct.  17,'64. 
Morris,  W.  W.,  e.  May  26,'64,  m.  o.   Oct.  17, '64. 
McLain,  John,  e.  Mav  14,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.   17, '64. 
Merrill,  G.  A.,  e.  May23,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Newton,  J.  A.,  e.  May  1,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Pippet,  J.  E.,  e.  Mav  16, '64. 
Phelps,  E.  F.,  e.  Mav  25,'64.  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Ralston,  J,  C,  e.  May  8,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Schnebly,  H.  L.,  e.  May  6,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Scrivner,  L.,  c.  May  9, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Smith,  O.  A.,  e.  May  14, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Smith,  G.  S.,  e.  Mav  5,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Sain,  W.  H.,  e.  May  2,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Simpkins,  James,  e.  Mav4,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Van  Dvke,  H.  W.,  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Van  Dyke,  C.  C,  e.  May  4, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Vance,  Geo.,  e.  Mav  5, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Wells,  S.  R.,  e.  May  3, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Weaver,  A.,  e.  Mav4,'('>4,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Wheeler,  W.  E.,  e.  May  16, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 

COMPANY  E. 

Captain. 
Sam'l  Mutt.  e.  June  1, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 

First  Lieutenant. 
Geo.  A.  Turner,  e.  June  1,'G4,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 

Second   Lieutenant. 
J.  F.  Smith,  e.  June  1,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 


384 


HISTORY    OF    FULTO^*    COU>'TY 


Sergeants. 
W.  P.  Tanquarv,  e.  April •28.'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'&4. 
O.  D.  Sebree.  e.  April  2.S,'frl,  m.  o.  Oct.  17.'&4. 
G.  B.  Vittum.  e.  April  28.'&i,  m.o.   Oct.  17.'64. 
Geo.  W.  King,  e.  Mav  7,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  a7.'&4. 
Dan.  Sa\-ill,  e.  Mav  9,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17. '&4. 
J.  P.  Fox,  e.  April  2.S,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 

Corporcds. 
G.  M.  Sebree,  e.  Mav  11. '&4,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
J.  Martin,  e.  April  2S,'&1,  m.  o.  Oct  17,'64. 
E.  M.  Belt,  e.  Mav  9,&4.  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
J.  C.  Malonev,  e.  Mav  9,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Frank  Dnnlev,  e.  Mav  16,'iH,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Geo.  W.  Craig,  e.  Mav  16,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'&4. 
J.  M.  Putnam,  e.  May  16,'&4,  m.  o.   Oct.  17,'64. 

Wagoner. 
J.  Willis,  e.  April  29,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 

Privates. 
Authonv.  Seth,  e.  Mav  22,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'&4. 
Arendale.  J.  T.,  e.  April  30,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.l8.'64. 
Bonner,  Frank,  e.  April  28."t>4,  m.  o.  Oct.  18,'&4. 
Barber,  J.,  e.  Mav  27,"&1,  m.  o.  Oct.  18,'64. 
Barker,  C.  T.,  e.  May  9,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  18,'i>4. 
Barker,  Geo.,  e.  Mav  2,'&4,  m.  o.  Oct.  1S,'&4. 
Berkenshaw,  Geo.,  e.  April  30,'64,  m.  o.  Oct. 

18,'64. 
Bragg,  J.  F.,  e.  April  28."&4,  m.  o.  Oct.  18,'65. 
Binnix,  Wm.,  e.  April  28.'t>4,  m.  o.  Oct.   18,'64. 
Bavlor,  S.,  e.  May  -l.'&i,  drowned  June  15, "W. 
Bovles,  Joseph,  e.  Mav  7, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Burgett,  T.  F.,  e.  Mav2S,"64,  m.   o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Brees,  A.  T..  e.  May  27,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Brown.  Booker,  e.  May  3. '64. 
Curtis,  Orlando,  e.  May  4.'ti4. 
Courtnev,  T.  J.,  e.  May  5. '64. 
Ellis,  J.  H..  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Evans,  H.  R..  e.  Mav  3.'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Fanning,  L.,  e.  Mav  16,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17. '64. 
Flake,  Geo.  e.  April  •28.'64.  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Grimm,  H.  B.,  e.  April  •29,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Hughes,  W.  T.,  e.  April  28,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Hughes,  W.  P.,  e.  May  1,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Hand,  J.  D..  e.  Mav  6.'64.  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'&4. 
Johnston.  C.  S.,  e.  April  :>0,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Jones.  James,  e.  Mav  27, '64.  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64.  . 
Jourdan,  G.  E..  e.  Mav  28,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Lockwood,  H.  C,  Mav4,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Langlev,  A.,  e.  Mav  6,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
McClelien,   H.  T.,  e.   May  30, '64,    m.    o.    Oct. 

17,'64. 
McCrearv,  W.  H.,  April  29,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Malonev,  Wm.,  e.  April  29.'64.m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Manors",  Sam'l,  e.  Mav  1, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
McVav",  E.  J.,  e.  Mav  30,'64. 
Norcutt,  C,  e.  April  30,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Onstatt,  T.  J.,  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Oldhem,  E.,  Mav  2.'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  ]7,'64. 
Plattenburg.  W.,  e.  Mav  2,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Putnam,  B.  T.,  e.  Mav  28,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17.'64. 
Rowlev,  G.  W.,  e.  Mav  2,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Rowlev,  Thos.,  e.  Mav  6.'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17.'64. 
Rainev,  J.  E..  e.  May  10,'M.  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Rankin,  J.  H.,  e.  May  5,'6i,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Robert*,  Lerov,  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.  o.   Oct.  17,'64. 
Rockhold,  E.  "G.,  e.  Mav  3,'64.  m.  o.  Oct.  17.'64. 
Shinn,  W.  B.,  e.  April  •29,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Snvder,    P.  S..  e.  Mav  14.'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Snvder,  P.  G.,  e.  Mav  14.'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Snvder,  R.  D.,  e.  May9,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Shallenberger,    Benj.,    e.    April  30,'64,    m.  o. 

Oct.  17,'64. 
Tanquarv,  A.   M.,  e.  April  2S,'64,    m.  o.  Oct. 

17,'64. 
Tvler,  Geo.,  e.  Mav  10.'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Wolgamot,    W.  E.,  e.  April  29,'64,  m.  o.   Oct. 

17.'64. 
Wieser,  R.  B.,  e.  Mav  9, '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17, '64. 
Wvckoff,  J.  H.,  e.  April  28,'61.  m.  o.  Oct.17,'64. 
Wvsong,  J.  M.,  e.  Mav  16.'&4,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Wilcox,  O.  D.,  e.  Mav  3,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Wilson,  W.  H.,  e.  May  9,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 


Wilson,  T.,  e.  May  29,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Putnam,  Alfred,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 
Van  Buren,  E\erett,  m.  o.  Oct.  17,'64. 

Corporal. 
C.  K.  Offield,  e.  April  30,'61,  Co.  F,  134th  regt. 

137th    REGIMENT. 

COMPANY  D. 

Coporals. 
T.  R.  Johnson,  e.  Mav  4,'&4,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
G.  H.  Currier,  e.  May  4, '64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 

Privates. 
Beaver,  D.  M.,  e.  Mav4.'64.  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Cook,  W.  C,  e.  Mav4,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Cox.  W.  M.,  e.  Mav  4,'64.  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Dressel,  Peter,  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.  o.   Sept.  24,'64. 
Fengel,  C.  P.,  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24.'64. 
Freer,  F.  A.,  e.  Mav  4, '64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Hagaman,  A.,  e.  ^iav4,'64,  ra.  o.  Sept.  24.'64. 
Hines,  J.  R.,  e.  Mav4,"64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Jones,  O.  D.,  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24, '64. 
Kent.  C.  W.,  e.  May  4,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24.64. 
Lippev,  D.  E.,  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.   o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Merrill.   A.   H.,  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24, '64. 
Moss,  W.  B.,  e.  Mav  4.'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,"64. 
Xelson,  J.  P.,  e.  Mav  4.'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Ross,  F.  W.,  e.  Mav4,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24, '64. 
Sanford,  A.,  e.  Mav  4. '64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Smith,  W.  L.,  e.  Mav  4,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Shultz.  D.  H.,  e.  May  4,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Stanton,  F.  W.,  e.  May  4. '64. 
Walton.  J.  J.,  e.  Mav  4,"64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24.'64. 
Griffith,  H.  L.,  e.  May  4,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 

co:mpany  I. 

Sergeant. 
L.  H.  McCain,  e.  May  12,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 

Corporals. 
S.  Miller,  e.  Mav  13,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24, '64. 
J.  Sw-ink,  e.  May  12,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 

Privates. 
Heaton,  Geo.,  e.  Mavl0,'64.  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Alavall,  D.  S.,  e.  Mav  ]2,"64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Phillips,  Jos.,  e.  Mav  11, '64.  m.  e.  Sept.  24,'63. 
Steel,  J.,  e.  Mav  12.'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  •24,'64. 
Vaughn,  S.,  e.  May  10.'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  24,'64. 
Ackersou,  J.,  e.  Mav,  m.  o.  Sept.  24, '64. 
Crabtree,  B.  F.,  e.  May  13,'64,m.o.  Sept.  24, '64. 

138tli  INFANTRY. 

COEPAXY  C. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
W.  H.  Rose,  e.  June  21,  64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'&4. 

Sergeant. 
S.  X.  Rose,  e.  May  2,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 

Privates. 

Barbour,  Robt.,  e.  May  2,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,"64. 
Cutler.  L.  W.,  e.  Mav  30,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 
Davis,  W.  H.,  e.  Mav  12.'64.  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 
Hobbs,  L..  e.  Mav  7. '64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 
Morris,  Michael,  e.  Mav  7,"64.  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 
Parkins.  W.  H.,   e.  Mav  5,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 
Rose,  B.,  e.  Mav2.T>4,  m.  o.  Oct  14,'64. 
Stevens,  Chas.,  e.  Mav  7,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 
Tavlor,  Benj..  e.  Mav  16.'64.  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 
Willis,  J.  H..  e.  Mav  5.'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 
Winchel,  E.  J.,  e.  May  12,'64.  m.  o.  Oct.  12,'61. 

C03IPAXY  E. 

Bishop,  I.  E.,  e.  Mav6,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 
Bishop,  Jai.,  e.  Mav  6,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14, '64. 
Hartsou,  J.,  e,  May  5,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  14,'64. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


385 


148tli  INFANTRY 

Was  organized  at  Camp  Butler  Februarj'  21, 
1865,  for  the  term  of  one  year.  February  22 
proceeded  to  Nashville,  Tenu.  March  1  moved 
toTullahoma.  J\ine  18  five  companies  were 
ordered  to  Deckerd,  one  company  was  station- 
ed at  McMinnville,  and  the  other  four  com- 
panies were  engaged  in  guarding  the  Nashville 
and  Chattanooga  Rxilroad  from  Lombardy  to 
Anderson  Station.  Arrived  at  Springtied  Sep- 
tember 9,  1865,  where  it  received  its  final  dis- 
charge. 

COMPANY  B. 

Major. 

A.  A.  Hemenover,  e.  Feb.  10,  '65,  m.  o.  Sept. 
5, '65. 

Captain. 
Walter  Newton,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 

First  Lieutenant. 
S.  C.  Varner,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'6.5. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
N.  Dorrance,  e.  Feb.  10, '65,  ra.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 

Sercjeants. 
D.  L.  Sergeant,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
•Tno.  Birber,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
M.  H.  Thorn,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
G.  W.  King,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
J.  M.  Bell,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
F.  Donly,  e.  Feb.  4.'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65, 

Corporals. 

J.  R  Garritson,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
H.  8.  Cain,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
H.  Medley,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
\Vm.  McCord,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept,  5, '65. 
M.  Spinnev,  e.  Feb.  4, '65. 

B.  \\  heeler,  e.  Feb.  4,'G5,  m.o.  Sept.  5,'65. 

Musician. 
J.  M.  Wysong,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 

Wagoner. 

J.  M.  Wilson,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 

Privates. 

Abbott,  Wm.,e.  Feb.  4, '65,  died  Feb.  10,'65. 
Andrews,  G.  B.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Feb.  5, '65. 
Burnett,  D.  W.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  May  n,'65. 
Brant,  Jas.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o,  Sept.  5, '65. 
Brant,  G.  C,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  d.  Jane  12, '65. 
Barlier,  Geo.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  ra.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Binuix,  \V.  H.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65. 
Bovvers,  F.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Bricker,  J.  D.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Corzalt,  F.,  e.  Feb.  4,'6.5,  died  Mar.  1,'65. 
Drake,  .1.  L.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Drake,  J.  M.  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Ellis,  H.,  e.  Feb.  4. '65,  m.  o.  Aug.  25,'65. 
Grissons,  J.  H..  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Aug.  28, '65. 
Gooding,  8.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Golding,  A.  F.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5.'65. 
Hasty,  \V.  H.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  May  24,'65. 
Hinkle,  S.  R.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Hittibidal,  Geo.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Hand,  J.  D.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Hezless,  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65. 
Jacob,  G.  W.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Jackson,  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65. 
Kennedy,  A.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  June  19, '65. 
Lockwood,  H.  C,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'64. 
Louder,  M.  D.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Mabin,  E.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
McClure,  S.  S.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
McCord,  I.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Miller,  I.  N.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  July  14,'65. 
Newton,  B.,  e.  Feb.  4,'G5,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 


Oldham,  E.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65, 
Plattenburg,  W.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'64. 
Rhoads,  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  S,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Rollins.  E.  S.,  e.  Feb.  7, '65,  died  Mar.  16, '65. 
Rector,  W.  H.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  May  24,'65. 
Reynolds,  D.  C,  e.  Feb.  4,'65. 
Riihdall,  D.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Rockhold,  L.  C,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Race,  G.  H.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65. 

Rockentield,  Asa,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Shiun,  W.  B.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Smith,  J.  H.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5, '65. 
Strong,  J.  S.,  e.  Feb.  4, '65. 
Shaw,  John,  e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'6.5. 
Shrader,  J.,e.  Feb.  4, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Shrader,  J.  C,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  died  Feb.  10,'65. 
Shaw,  S.  R.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Webster,  A.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Waddele,  H.  S.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'65. 
Thompson,  C,  e.  Feb.  10,'65.  Co.  I. 
Thompson,  John,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  Co.  I. 

151st  INFANTRY. 

This  regiment  was  organized  at  Quincy,  111., 
and  made  up  from  various  parts  of  the  State, 
recruited  under  the  call  of  December  19th, 
1864.  The  regiment  was  ordered  to  Springfield, 
111.,  where,  Febuary  25,  1865,  the  field  and 
staff  officers  were  mustered  in  and  the  regiment 
was  ordered  to  Nashville,  Tenn.,  thence  to 
Dalton,  Ga.,  where  they  remained,  drilling 
and  doing  guard  and  picket  duty.  April  23, 
Col.Woodall  was  ordered  to  proceed,  under  flag 
of  truce,  to  Macon,  Ga.,  to  carry  terms  of  sur- 
render to  the  rebel  Gen.  Warford.  May  2  the 
regiment  was  ordered  to  Kingston,  Ga.,  arriv- 
ing on  the  12th,  after  a  toilsome  march.  Here 
on  May  13,  14,  and  15,  1865,  the  regiment  re- 
ceived the  surrender  of  Gen.  Warford,  with 
10,400  prisoners.  The  151st  was  mustered  out 
at  Columbus,  Ga.,  January  24, 1866,  and  moved 
to  Springfield,  111.,  where  it  received  final  dis- 
charge Feb.  8lh,  1866. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captain. 

Philip  Slaughter,  e.  Feb.  17,'65,  m.o.  Jan.  24,'66. 

First  Lieutenant. 

Wm.  J.  Harroll,  e.  Feb.  17,'65,  m.o.  Jan.  24,'66. 

Second  Lieutenant. 

John  Newland,  e.  Feb.  17, '65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 

Sergeants. 

J.  W.  Negley,  e.  Feb.  7,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Wm.  Brvant,  e.  Feb.  7,'65,  m.  o.  Feb.  21, '66. 
J.  M.  Brown,  e.  Feb.  7,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 

Corporals. 

W.  A.  Wheeler,  e.  Feb.  7,'65. 
A.  Coleman,  e.  Feb.  14, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Stephen  Hayden,  e.  Feb.  14, '65,  m.o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Dan.  Spanney,  e.  Feb.  14, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 

Musicians. 

J.  M.  Long,  e.  Feb.  14, '65,  died  Mar.  28,'65. 
A.  Bacus,  e.  Feb.  8,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 

Wagoner. 
S.  P.  Darst,  e.  Feb.  7,'65,  died  Mar.  6,'65. 

Privates. 
Anderson,  T.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Barrow,s,  R.  H.,  e.  Feb.  8, '65,  died  May  ],'65. 
Biirge,  F.  M,,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Boyer,  L.  D.,  e.  Feb.  7, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Baxter,  John,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  ai.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 


380 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


Churchill,  J.  M.,  e.  Feb.  7,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  21/66. 
Caliee,  J.,  e.  Feb.  9,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'ii6, 
Cook,  Jarrod,  e.  Feb.  9,'Co.  m.  o.  Jan,  24.'66. 
Cook,  "W.,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Churchill,  AV.  M.,  e.  Feb.  7, '6.5,  m.o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Cain,  D.  M.,  e.  Feb.  9, '6.5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Curtis,  O.,  e.  Feb.  9,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Bodds.  Robt..  e.  Feb.  7,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24.'66. 
Ellis,  J.  \V.,  e.  Feb.  14.'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Flake,  G.  W.,  e.  Feb.  14,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Guilliams,  J.  W.,  e.  Feb.  14, '65,  m.o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Hudson.  J.,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Hofl'man,  M.,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  in.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Johnson,  W.  T.,  c.  Feb.  14,'65. 
Kent,  Wesley,  e.  Feb.  8.'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Milligan,  H.,  e.  Feb.  7.'6.5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Mills,  W.  H.,  e.  Feb.  7,'65,  died  Oct.  18.'6o. 
Matzke,  J.,  e.  Feb.  7, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Preston,  Ed.,  e.  Feb.  10, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Purkle,  Geo.,  e.  Feb.  7.'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '65. 
Ramsey,  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Aug.  21, '65. 
Reed,  G.  W.,  e.  Feb.  9,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Reed,  James,  e.  Feb.  9,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
.Stephens.  \V.  H.,  e.  Feb.  7. '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
.^uyder.  R.  D..  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Teach,  W.  W.,  e.  Feb.  7,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Triplet,  T.,  e,  Feb.  14,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Turner,  John,  e.  Feb.  8,'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '65. 
Waddle,  D..  e.  Feb.  7. '65,  ni.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 
Wright,  J.,  e.  Feb.  7, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Zuck,  J.  N..  e.  Feb,  7,'65,  m^o.  Jan.  •24.'66. 

COrPANY  c. 

S(rgeants. 

M.  \'.  Royd,  e.  Feb.  17,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
J.  H.  Thompson,  e.  Feb.  15,'6o,  m.  o.  .fan.  24.'6t> 

Privates. 
Castello,  J.  H.,  e.  Feb.  17,'65. 
Choekey,  Benj.,  e.  Feb.  17,'6o. 
Estes,  A.  P..  e.  Feb.  17,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Hagan,  R.  B.,  e.  Feb.  17. '65,  died  Feb.  28. '65. 
Riggs,  John,  e.  Feb.  14.'65. 
Ross,  N.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 

co>rp.\>ri'  1). 

Captain. 

Isaiic  David,  e.  Feb.  '21, '65,  ni.  u.  Jan.  24, '66. 

First  Lieutenants. 

J.  M.  Yarnell.  e.  Feb.  18.'65.  d.  June20.'65. 
Carithers  Zoll,  e.  Feb.  18,'65,  m.  <>.  Jan.  24, '66. 

Second  Lieutenant. 

.1.  -M.  Lang.ston.  e.  Feb.  18.'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 

Sergeants. 

A.  H.  Lewis,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 

S.  R.  Musgrove,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 

B.  .9.  Brick,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 
H.  B.  Hill,  e.  Feb.  12,'6.5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
R.  C.  Vail,  e.  Feb.  15,'6.5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24.'66. 

CorporaU. 

\\.  S.  Reesor,  e.  Feb.  12,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 

B.  M.  Kingerj-,  e.  Feb.  15, '65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
I.  X.  Elliott,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 

J.  J.  Coursey,  e.  Feb.  13,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 

C.  Dennis,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24.'66. 

T.  R.  Branson,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
T.  H.  Barnes,  e.  Feb.  12,'65,  ni.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Robert  Fellon,  e.  Feb.  15, '65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
John  Nelson,  e.  Feb.  17,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 

Mu9ician.<. 
H.  A.  Yarnell,  e.  Feb.  12,'65,  ni.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
J.  C.  Dobbins,  e.  Feb.  15,'6.5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 

Wagona'. 
John  Jones,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  ni.  o.  Aug.  22,'66. 

Privaies. 
Arindale,  J.,  e.  Feb.  13, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 
Angel,  Jacob,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Adams,  A.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 


Allison,  D.  W.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  died  July  15, '65. 
Allison,  J.  R.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65. 
Anderson,  S.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Adams,  G.,  e.  Feb.  17, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Babcock,  C,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Berry,  W..  e.  Feb.  12, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Bateson,  L.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Barnes.  I.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Bateson.  A.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.o.  Aug.  11, '65. 
Biass,  J.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  '24. '66. 
Carney,  John.  e.  Feb.  12, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Culven',  Thos.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 
Clark.  John,  e.  Feb.  15, '65. 
Crouch,  John,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  died  Mar.  14,'65. 
Cunningham,  S.,    e.   Feb.    15, '65,   died  April 

21, '65. 
Collier.  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Elliott,  Joseph,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Finley,  J.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Fleming.  J.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Fleming,  S.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  died  April  15, '65. 
Fleming,  Alex,,  e.  Feb.  12,'6o,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Gassaway,  A.,  e.  Feb.  15. '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Cfould,  J.  C,  e,  Feb.  18,'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'(3<i. 
Gngsby,  C.  E.,  e.  Feb.  12, '65,  died  June  24,'65. 
Gibbius.  A.,  e.  Feb.  12, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 
Gilchrist,  V.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65m.o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
(ireen.  Geo.,  e.  Feb.  14, '65. 
Hott'man,  W.  M.,e.  Feb.  12,'6,5,  m.o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Hughes,  I.  M.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Uanna.  F.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Hall,  Noah,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  '24, '66. 
Hunt,  D.  H..  c.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Hughes,  L.  W.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Harper,  C.  H..  e.  Feb.  12,'55,  m.  o.  Jan.  •il,'66. 
Howell,  John,  e.  Feb.  15,'65.  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Hemenover,  D.C..  e.  Feb.  9,'65,  m.o.  Aug.  18,'65. 
Howell,  N.,  e.  Feb.  16,'65  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Ingram,  Jas.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Kelso,  John,  e.  Feb.  12, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Lindsey,  Amos,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24.'66. 
McLouth,  S.,  e.  Feb.  17,'65,  m.  o.  .Ian.  24, '65. 
Mathews,  W.  B.,  o.  Feb.  15,'65,  died  July  10, '65. 
McMuUen.  J.  L..  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan. 24, '66. 
Moranville,  P.,  e.  Feb.  12,'6.5.  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Neil,  T.  H.,  e.  Feb.  1.5,'65.  m.  o.  ,Jan,  24,'66. 
Norman,  Samuel  H.,  e.  Feb.  15, '6.5,  d. 
Parkinson,  J.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Powell,  J.,  e.  Feb.  12.'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '65. 
Pierce.  John.  e.  Feb.  12, '65. 
Phillips.  S.  R.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24.'66. 
Priehard,  J.  E..  e.  Feb.  12,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Pippit,  J.  E.,  e.  Feb.  12,'6;5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Rilev,  John,  e.  Feb.  17, '65. 
Salkcld.  S.  H.,  e.  Feb.  ]5,'65,  died  May  2,'65. 
i^tracker,  J.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Skelly,  J.  J.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  17,'66. 
Shields.  M.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Steel.  J.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Stafford,  G.  H.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Thompson,    J.  S.,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.    o.    Jan. 

24,'66. 
Thompson,  I.,  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Todd.  J.  N.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Talcot.  Vice.  e.  Feb.  12,'65,  m.  o.  Julv  22,'65. 
Wilson.  H.,  e.  Feb.  14,'65,  m.  o.  .Sept.  8,'6.5. 
Wilkins,  J.  W.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'65. 
Wilkins,  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  15.'65.  m.  o.  June  13,'65. 
White,  J.  C,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  .Tan.  24.'66. 
White,  S.  J.,  e.  Feb.  1.5,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24.'66. 
Winehel,  H.,  e.  Feb.  12,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Williams,  W..  e.  Feb.  17, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Wvant,  A.,  e.  Feb.  15,'()5,  m.  o.  Jan.  '24. '6)6. 
Warfield,  Z..  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24. '66. 
Corcoran,  Robt..  e.  Feb.  ]5,'65,  Co.  H. 


COMPAXY  K. 

Sergeants. 

S.  J.  Winston,  e.  Feb.  13,'66,  m.  o.  Jan.   24,'66. 
A.  B.  Wagoner,  e.  Feb.  7,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
J.  M.  Reno,  e.  Feb.  13,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24.'66. 
C.  C.  Merrill,  c.  Feb.  13,'6.5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


887 


Corporals. 

11.  F.  Tate,  e.  Feb.  7,'63,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'6Ci. 
.(.  Lehleiter,  e.  Fel).  14,'fi5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'(3<;. 

Wagoner. 
John  Thorp,  e.  Feb.  7,'6.5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'GO. 

Privates. 
Black.  Abraham,  e.  Feb.  7, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, 'OG. 
Bell,  C.  H.,  e.  Feb.  I7,.'65.  m.  o.  Sept.  19, '(!.'). 
Bell,  Thos.,  e.  Feli.  10,'6o. 
C'ook,  .lames,  e.  Fel).  12, '6.5.  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Corbridge,    W.    H.,  e.  Feb.  13.'65,  m.    o.    Jan. 

2.5,'66. 
Foster,  J.  B.,  e.  Feb.  14.'6.5,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
(ireen,  J.  11.,  e.  Feb.  13, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Harvev,  J.  W.,  e.  Feb.  12,'65,  m.  o.  Jan. '66. 
Harvert,  J.,  e.  Feb.  13, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Hall,  C.  C,  e.  Feb.  16,'65. 
Jordan,  T.  F.,  Feb.  7,'65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24,'66. 
Johnson,  \V.,  e.  Fel).  16, '65. 
Lovell,  David,  e.  Feb.  13, '65,  died  April  6, '65. 
McQueen,  N.,  e.  Feb.  10,'65,  m.  o.   Jan.    24, '65. 
Melvin,  J.  J.,  e.  Feb.  14, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '65. 
Mitchell,  C.  A.,  e.  Feb.  13,'65,  m.  o.  ,Ian.  24, '65. 
Nichols,  G.  F.,  e.  Feb.  7, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '65. 
Phillips,  Wm.,  e.  Feb.  13, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.   24, '66. 
Spangler,  L.  O.,  e.  Feb.  7, '65,   died  at  Quincv, 

111. 
Severns,  I.,  e.  Feb.  13, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Sipes,  A.  W.,  e.  Feb.  7, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
Shoup,  S.  J.,  e.  Feb.  17, '65,  m.  o.  Jan.  24, '66. 
V'ogle,  Jacob,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.   21, '65. 
Woods,  Augustus,  e.  Feb.  16, '65. 
White,  A.  H.,  e.  Feb.  15,'6.5. 

153d  REGIMENT. 

COMPANY  H. 

Corporal. 

1).  Adams,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.   Sept.  21, '65. 

Privafcs. 

Adams,  John,  e.  Feb.  15, '65,  m.  o.  July  22, '65. 
Bailev,  Homer,  e.  Feb.  6, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.   21, '65. 
Collins,  T.,  0.  Fel).  15,'fi5,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '6.5. 
Cooper,  J.  J.,  e.  Feb.  6,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '65. 
Doolittle,  B.  W.,  e.  Feb.  6, '65,  m.  o.  May '25, '65. 
Ellis,  J.,  e.  Feb.  6.'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '65. 
Joslin,  1.  B.,  e.  Feb.  6,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '65. 
Kissack,  T.,  e.  Feb.  4,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '65. 
Kinney,  N.,  e.  Feb.  6, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '65. 
Lindsay,  D.  L.,  e.  Feb,  6, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '65. 
Shinn,  J.,  e.  Feb.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  21, '65. 

l.^otli  REGIMENT. 

COMPANY  O. 

Sergeant. 

Clias.  Wilson,  e.  Feb.  22, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  4, '65. 

Privates. 

Barron,  D.,  Feb.  20,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  4,'65. 
Duley,  W.  H.,  Feb.  22,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  4.'65. 
Hoft'ner,  A.,  e.  Feb.  22,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  4, '65. 
Jennings,  G.  G.,  e.  Feb.  23, '65,  m.  o.  June  8, '65. 
Lane,  M.,  e.  Feb.  22, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  4, '65. 
Mitchell,  W.  F..  e.  Feb.  23,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  4,'65. 
More,  Lewis,  e.  Feb.  '22, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  4, '65. 
Maxwell,  S.,  e.  Feb.  22, '65,  m.  o.  Sept.  4, '65. 
Felkel,  G.  W.,  e.  Feb.  21, '65,  in  Co.  K. 
Stone,  Samuel,  e.  Feb.  21, '65,  in  Co.  K. 

2tl  CAVALRY. 

COMPAJVY  C. 

Corporal. 
W.  F.  Bailey,  e.  July  3,'61,  m.  o.  Aug.  11, '64. 

Saddler. 
J.  Allison,  e.  July  3/61,  d.  May  21, '62. 


Privates. 

Beeman,  W.,  e.  July  3,'61,  d.  Nov.  16,'62,  dis. 

Crail,  James  M.,  e.  July  3, '61. 

Paull,  Jeremiah,  e.  July  3, '61. 

Smith,  R.  W..  July  31, '61,  trans,  to  gunboat. 

Warner,  W.  H,,  e.'jnlv  31,'61,  d.  Oct.  20.'62. 

Westcrfleld,  B.,  e.  July  31, '61,  v. 

Bennett,  Ira,  e.  Dec.  25, '61. 

Bennett,  Ira,  e.  Feb.  17, '64,  m.  o.  Nov.  22, '65. 

Randolph,  A.  J.,  e.  Dec.  25,'61,  died  Sept.  22,'63. 

Wright,  W.  T.,  e.  Feb.  26,'64,  m.  o.  Nov.  22,'65. 

Winchel,  A.,  e.  Feb.  23,'64  drowned  Sept.  12,'64. 

Simmerel,  Allen,  e.  Aug.  6, '61,  in  Co.  H. 

COMPANY   M. 

Corporal. 

Wm.  Stevens,  e.  Dec.  12, '61,  m.  o.  June  9, '65. 

Privates. 

Crawford,  J.  A.,  e.  Dec.  9,'61,  v.,  d.  Jan.  21, '65. 
Willison,  J.  S.,  e.  Dec.  7, '61,  m.  o.  Jan.  9, '65. 
Stull,  H.  R.,  e.  Nov.  2S,'61,  m.  o.  Jan.  9,'C)5. 

3d  CAVALRY 

Was  organized  at  Camp  Butler  August,  1861. 
Sept.  25  moved  to  St.  Louis,  Mo.  Oct.  1  to  Jef- 
ferson City,  thence  to  Warsaw,  arriraig  Oct. 
11,  and  the  22d  marched  to  Springfield,  Mo. 
Feb.  13  it  fought  the  first  engagement,  and 
won  the  first  victory  of  Curtis'  campaign.  Feb. 
14, '62,  occupied  Springfield,  Mo.;  15th  came 
up  with  Price's  retreating  army,  capturing 
some  prisoners;  18th,  participated  in  a  charge, 
routing  the  enemy,  at  Sugar  Creek,  Ark. ;  20th 
marched  to  Cross  Hollows ;  March  5  fell  back 
to  Pea  Ridge ;  was  engaged  on  the  7th  and  lost 
10  killed  and  40  wounded;  ]9th  moved  to 
Keetsville;  April  10  arrived  at  Forsyth;  29th 
moved  to  West  Plains;  May  1st  started  for 
Batesville;  14th  moved  to  Little  Red  River. 
June  4  fell  back  to  Fairview ;  on  the  7th  Capt. 
Sparks  with  66  men  was  surrounded  by  200  of 
the  enemy,  lie  cut  his  way  out,  losing  4  wound- 
ed and  4pri.soners;  June  11  to  Jacksonport: 
July  5  to  Helena,  and  moved  to  Memphis  in 
the  spring  of  1863.  They  took  part  in  the  bat- 
tles of  Port  Gibson,  Champion  Hills,  Black 
River  Bridge,  and  siege  of  Vicksburg;  also 
Vermillionville,  Opelousas  and  Carrion  Crow- 
Bayou;  participated  in  battles  of  Tupelo, 
Okolona  and  Gun  town.  Aug.  21  it  took  part 
in  repulsing  Cien.  Forrest's  attack  on  Memphis. 
Took  part  in  the  battles  of  Lawrenceburg, 
Spring  Hill,  Campbellsville  and  Franklin.  In 
May  moved  to  St.  Louis,  thence  to  St.  Paul, 
Minn.  July  4  started  on  an  Indian  expedition. 
Returned  to  Springfield,  111.,  Oct.  13, '65.  and 
was  mustered  out  of  service. 

Lieutenant-  Colonel. 
A.    B.   Kirkbride,  e.  Sept.  21,'61   as  2d  Lieut., 
pro.  1st  Lieut.   Dec.  31, '61;  Capt.   May   12. 
'62;  Major  April  29,'65;  Lieut.-Col.  July  1, 
'65:  ni.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 

COMPANY    H. 

Captains. 

K.d.  Rutledge,  e.  Sept.  21,'61,  res.  Dec.  .31,'61. 
T.  G.  McClelland,  e.  Sept.  21,'61,  as  1st  Lieut., 
pro.  Capt.  Dec.  31,'61,  died  May  11, '62. 


388 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY, 


First  Lieutenant. 

G.  H.  Horton,  e.  Aug.  12, '61,  assergt.,  pro.  2d 
Lieut.  Dec.  31, '61;  1st  Lieut.  May  12,'62: 
res.  May  22, 'C5. 

Second  Lieutenants. 
W.  A.  Kirkpatrick,  e.  Aug.    13, '61,    died  Jan. 

7,'63. 
R.  G.  Zimmerman,  e.  Aug.  13, '61,  m.  o.  Sept. 
5, '64. 

Sergeant. 

J.  C.  McClelland,  e.  Aug.  13, '61. 

Corporals. 
J.  M.  Onion,  e.  Aug.  18, '61,  v.,  pro.  sergt.,  then 

1st  Lieut. 
E.  Thompson,  e.  Aug.  13, '61. 
Noah  Rawley,  e.  Aug.  13, '61,  d. 
\V.  Laniprell,  e.  Aug.  13,'61,  d.  July  30,'62,  dls. 
J.  M.  Dobsou,  e.  Aug.  13, '61. 
Bugler. 

C.  Galliher,  e.  Aug.  13,'61,  v.,  pro.  1st  Lieut. 
Co.  I. 

Farrier. 

Randall  Black,  e.  Sept.  22,'61. 
Blacksmith. 
J.  V.  Dobson,  e.  Sept.  22,'61,  m.  o.  Sept.  5,'64. 
Wagoner. 

G.  Thornburg,  e.  Aug.  13, '61,  v.,    m.    o.    Oct. 

10, '65. 

Privates. 
Bias.  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  13,'61,  v.,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Barnes,  W.  P.,  e.  Aug.  ]3,'61,  died  at  St.  Louis. 
Barnes,  Robt..  e.  Sept.  6, '61.  v.,  m.  o.  Oct.  10, '65. 
Breeden,  B.  G.,  e.  Aug.  13,'61. 
Detrick,  \V.  X.,  e.    Aug.  13, '61,  v.,  m.  o.   Oct. 

]0,'65. 
Hughes,  N.  P..  e.  Aug.  13, '61. 
Henderson,  H.  H.,  e.  Sept.  21, 'Gl. 
Kingery,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  13,'01,  v.,  pro.  sergt., 

then  2d  Lieut. 
Lamprell,  Tlios..  e.  Aug.  13,'61. 
McNeil,  Joseph,  e.  Aug.  2.S,'61. 
McBride,  Alex.,  e.  Aug.  13,'61,  d.  April  12,'62, 

dis. 
Roberts,  Garrett,  e.  Aug.  13,'61,  d.  for  dis. 
Turner,  J.  S.,  e.  Aug.  13,'61,  d.  for  dis. 
Atkinson,  P.,  e.  Feb.  22,'64,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'C5. 
Bias,  J.,  e.  Aug.  13,'61,  died  Sept.  30,'62. 
Stockvvell,  J.,  e.  Mar.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 

COMPAN1-  I. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant. 
J.  C.  Phillips,  e.  Mar.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 

Commissary  Sergeant. 
3.  McNeil,  e.  Mar.  9,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 

Sergeants. 
T.  T.  Barron,  e.  Mar.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 

A.  B.  Bryan,  e.  Mar.  3, '65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10, '65. 

Corporals. 
E.  Harbert,  e.  Mar.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10, '65. 

B.  A.  Swisher,  e.  Mar.  3,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 

Privates. 
Barnes,  James,  e.  Mar.  15, '65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10, '65. 
Gorsage,  G.  R.,  e.  Mar.  3,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Kindred,  Geo.,  o.  Mar.  10,'65. 
Mahan,  M.,  e.  Mar.  9,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Perkins,  H.,  e.  Mar.  10,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Robert,  J.  W.,  e.  Mar.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Shields,  J.  W.,  e.  Mar.  9,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Settles,  G.,  e.  Mar.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Towns,  L.,  e.  Mar.  9,'65.  ra  o.  Oct.  10,'65. 
Beaman,  J.,  e.  April  4, '65.  in  Co.  K. 
Bohle,  Andrew  V,,  e.  Mar.  9,'65,  in  Co.  K. 
Leonard,  Levi,  e.  Mar.  4, '65,  in  Co.  K. 
Sloate,  A.  W.,  e.  Mar.  15, '65,  in  Co.  K. 
Bradford,  J.,  e.  Feb.  1,'64.  in  Co.  E,  5th  Cav. 


Mathews,  M.,  e.  April  28,'64,  in  Co.  E,  5th  CaV 
1st  Lieut.  J.  J.  Adams,  e.  Oct.  12,'61,  in  Co.  E' 
5th  Cav. 

7tli  CAVALRY. 

Colonel. 

William  Pitt  Kellogg,  e.  Sept.  8, '61,  res.  June 
1,'62. 

Major. 

H.  C.  Nelson,  e.  Aug.  20,'61,  res.  June  22,'63. 

Adjutants. 
S.  Stockdale,  e.  Jan.  30, '62,  m.  o.  May  24, '62. 
A.  W.  Head,  e.  Oct.  1,'61,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Galleutine,  \V.  P.,  e.  Aug.  10,'61,  in  Co.  D,  7th 

Cav. 
Gallentine,  C.  W.,  e.  Aug.  10,'61.  in  Co.  D,  7th 

Cav.,  died  Feb.  22,'64,  wnds. 

COMPANY  K. 

Captain. 
J.  P.  Herring,  e.  Aug.  20,'61,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '64. 

First  Lieutenant. 
J.  \V.  Maxwell,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Nov.  30,'64. 

Second  Lieutenant. 
A.  B.  Hulit,  e.  Aug.  20,'61,  res.  April  24,'62. 

First  Sergeant. 
P.  Slaughter,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 

Quartermaster  Sergeant. 

P.  M.  Binnix,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 

Sergeants. 

G.   B.   Baylor,   e.   Aug.   24, '61,   d.   Mar.  26, '63, 

wnds. 
L.  G.  Hamlin,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  pro.  com.  sorgt. 

A.  Garabrant,  e.   Aug.  24,'6l,  died  Jan.  15,'64, 
while  pris.  of  war  at  Richmond,  Va. 

Corpiorals. 
J.  Carlton,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
.;.  Seerj-,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  d.  Jan.  2, '63,  dis. 
J.  M.  Pallison,  e.  Aug.  •24,'61,  m.  o.  May  15,'65, 

pris.  war. 
J.  Shriner,  e.  .\ug.  24,'61,  v.  pro.  2d  Lieut.,  then 

1st  Lieut.,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 

B.  Kimble,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  v.  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65, 

sergt. 

D.  B.  Spencer,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  v.  pro.  com.  sergt. 

m.  o.  Nov.  4. '65. 
J.  Coykendall,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  died  Mar.  6,'62. 

E.  Weed,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 

Bugler. 
T.  J.  Ellis,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15, '64. 

Farrier. 
J.  Anton,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  d.  April  1,'63,  dis. 

Saddler. 
P.  Small,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Privates. 

Anderson,  Eric,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  d.  April  7,'63, 

dis. 
Arrindale,  T.,  e.  Aug.24,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65. 
Ball,  Henrv,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  died  of  wnds.  Oct. 

13, '63. 
Bell,  W.  P.,  e.  .\ug.  24, '61,  v.  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Berkshire,   J.   H.,   e.   Aug.   24, '61,  m.    o.  Oct. 

1.5, '64. 
Clinton,  B.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Cockrill,  M.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  kid.  Mar.  23,'62. 
Deford,  T.,  e.  .\ug.  24,'61,  d.  June  4, '62,  dis. 
Drake,  J.  M.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65. 
Fitch,  G.  L.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  died  of  wnds.  June 

3, '63. 
Fillingham,  J.  F.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  v.  m.  o.  Nov. 

4, '65,  sergt. 
Floyd,  J.  W.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65. 
Freemale,  Geo.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  v.  m.  o.  Nov,  4, 

'65,  sergt. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


389 


Fuller,  B.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  d.  April  1,'63,  dis. 
Greenslit,  E.,  e.  Aug.  •24,'6,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Hall,  J.  D.,  e.  Aug.  24, '01,  d.  June  14, '62,  dis. 
Handlev,  W.  H.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15, '64. 
Hamil,  D.  A.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  ra.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Harper,  J.,  e.    Aug.  24,'61,   m.   o.  Oct.  15,'G4, 

eorpl. 
Harper,  John,  e.  Aug.  24, 'Gl,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Head,  J.  G.,  e,  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64, 

Q.  iM.  sergt. 
Hesch,  Peter,  e.  Aug.  24.'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Hill,  G.  H.,  e.  Aug,  24,'61,  m.  o.  Nov.  2,'64. 
Hornig,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Hornstein,  J.   G.,  e.   Aug.   24, '61,   m.  o.  Sept. 

]0,'64. 
Hopgood,  T.  J.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  died  June  30,'62. 
Jayne,  Henry,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  pro.  2d  Lieut. 
Johnston,  J.  P.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15, '64. 
Knot,  J.  N.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  d.  Sept.  27,'62,  dis. 
Malony,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  d.  Nov.   27,'62, 

dis. 
Mes-sler,  N.  R.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15, '64. 
Metcalf,  Thos.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
McMillen,  W.,  e.  Aug.  24.'61,  died  Jan.  20,'62. 
Moran,  G.  W.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  died  Jan.  22,'64. 
Netf,  J.  B.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  ]5,'64. 
Reiteh,  Alex.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Wellington,  H.,  e.  Mar.  22,'6."i,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Webster,  J.  H.,  e.  Feb.  12,'64,  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65, 

eorpl. 
Rankin,  E.  M.,  e.  Aug.  2-1,'Gl,  m.  o.  Apail  12, 

'65,  pris.  war. 
Roberts,  Wm.,  e.  Aug.  24. '61,  v.  pro.  2d  Lieut., 

ra.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Robinson,  H.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  v.  ra.  o.  Nov.  4,'65, 

sergt. 
Robinson,  J.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  missed  in  action. 
R)oks,  E.,  e.  Aug.  2i,'61,  v.  ra.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Rosin,  Levi,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  died  May  20.'62. 
Riegel,  Jacob,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  v.  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65. 
Sanders,  H.  C,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  ra.  o.  Oct.  ]5,'64. 
Shackelford,  J.   B.,   e.  Aug.   24,'61,  m.  o.  Oct. 

15,'64. 
Spencer,  J.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Stevenson,  E.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  d.  Feb.  5, '63,  dis. 
Stevenson,  T.,  e.  Aug.  24,'6l,  ra.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Stickler,  J.,  e.  Aug.  24, '01,  v.  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Switzer,  J.,  e.  Aug.  24,'01,  died  Jan.  19,'C2. 
Traphagen,  P.  S.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61. 
Varner,   W.   P.,  e.   Aug.   24.'61,   v.  ra.  o.  Nov. 

4,'65. 
Wilcox,  Alex.  W.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  m.  o.  Feb.  15, 

'65,  pris.  war. 
Wyckoff,  W.  P.,  e.  Aug.  24,'61,  died  of  wnds. 

June  22,'6.3. 
Wilson,  J.,  e.  Aug.  24, '61,  pris.  war. 
Ball,  David,  e.   Dec.   20,'03,  m.  o.  July  17,'65, 

pris.  war. 
Bagley,  H.  C,  e.  Mar.  16,'64,  ra.  o.  Sept.  25,'65. 
Clutts,  B.  F.  J.,  e.  Mar.  16,'04,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Corwin,  E.  H.,  e.  Mar.  28, '64,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65, 

eorpl. 
Fogg,   D.   W.,  e.  Mar.   9, '65,   m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65, 

eorpl. 
Hale,  J.  J.,  e.  Mar.  3,'63,  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65. 
Harper,  Tho.s.,  e.  Mar.  22,'64,  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65. 
Laraaster,  H.  C,  e.  Feb,  22,'64,  pris.  war,  died 

about  June  1,'65. 
Porter,  H.  G.,  e.  Mar.  14, '64,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65, 

eorpl. 
Pitman,  R.  E.,  e.  Mar.  17, '64,  m.  o.  S«»pt.  25,'65. 
Roberts,  A.,  e.  Feb.  10, '65.  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Shriner,  G.  W.,  e.  Mar.  22,'65,  ra.  o.  Nov.  4,'65. 
Titus,  G.  W.,  e.  Jan.  23,'64,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Wolfe,  G.  S.,  e.  /an.  20,'64,  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65. 

COMPANY   L. 

Privates. 

Albaugh,  S.  D.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  m.  o.  Sept  .27,'64. 
Ca.se,  J.   H.,   e.  Sept.   1,'61,   m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64, 

sergt. 
Davis,  F.,  e.  Sept.  1/61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64,  eorpl. 


Huffman,  Wm.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64, 

eorpl. 
Harris,  W.  R.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  d.  Mar.  3,'62,  dis. 
Post,  G.  R.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  died  at  Anderson- 

ville  prison,  Sept.  20,'64,  No.  of  grave  9602. 
Powelson,  S.  P.,  e.  Sept.   1,'64,    m.    o.  Sept. 

27, '64. 
Rogers,  D.  G.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Nov.  5,'65. 
Waters,  E.,  e.  Sept.  1,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'04. 
Atkinson,   Alex.   P.,   e.  Nov.   2, '61,  m.  o.  Oct. 

15,'64. 
Barnes,  A.  L.,  e.  Mar.  3,'65,  m.  o.  Nov.  4, '65. 
Daley,  Geo.,  e.  Nov.  2, '61. 
Horii,  Conrad,  e.  Mar.  1,'65,  died  May  4, '65. 
Lindsay,  J.  J.,  e.  Nov.  2,'61,  m.  o.  Sept.  2,'64, 

wnds. 
McMiens,  D.,e.  Feb.  4,'64,  m.  o.  Nov.  4,'65. 
Patton,  J.,  e.  Nov.  2,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  15,'64. 
Blates,  G.,  e.  Mar.  2U,'65,  d.  May  31, '65. 
Bates,  G.  W.,  e.  Jan.  4, '64,  died  Mar.  4, '64. 
Bums,  A.  L.,  e.  Mar,  3, '65. 
Ford,  Levi,  e.  Dec.  26,'63,  died. 
Drury,  W.  E.,  e.  Feb.  8,'65,  Co.  E,  9th  Cav. 
Jeflerson,  J.,  e.  Feb.  8,'65,  Co.  E,  9th  Cav. 
Roop,  Wm.,  e.  Oct.  6,'61,  Co.  K,  9ih  Cav. 
Harkness,  E.,  e.  Dee.  12,'61,  Co.  L,  9lhCav.,pro. 

2d  Lieu  I. 
Downing,  P.,  e.  Jan.  8, '64,  m.  o.  Nov.  22, '65. 

llth  CALVARY. 

This  regiment  was  recruited  in  the  fall  and 
winter  of  1801,  and  reported  at  Camp  Mather, 
Peoria.  The  regiment  left  for  the  field  Feb- 
ruary 22,  1862,  and  participated  in  the  battle 
of  Shiloh.  After  the  evacuation  of  Corinlh, 
the  regiment  was  a.ssigned  by  detachments  to 
service  between  that  place  and  Memphis; 
was  engaged  at  Lexington,  December 
18,  1862,  when  46  of  their  number,  with 
the  Colonel,  fell  into  the  hands  of 
the  enemy.  The  regiment  remained  in 
West  Tennessee  till  September,  1863,  doing 
good  work  among  the  guerrillas.  After  this 
they  operated  in  the  country  between  the  Big 
Black  and  Pearl  rivers,  and  on  the  Yazoo,  ren- 
dering that  country  untenable  for  the  John- 
nies. The  regiment  veteranized  in  December, 
1864.  They  participated  in  Sherman's  grand 
march  through  Mississippi.  During  the  sum- 
mer of  1864,  they  were  in  many  skirmishes 
and  raids.  November  and  December  were  with 
General  Osborne,  in  the  raid  against  the  Mis- 
sissippi Central  Railroad;  reached  Vicksburg 
on  December  5;  moved  to  Memphis  in  Jan- 
uary, 1865;  joined  in  Grierson's  raid;  was  en- 
gaged at  Egypt  Station;  after  this  raided  in 
Arkansas  and  Loui-siana,  and  did  guard  duty 
on  the  Memphis  &  Charleston  Railroad.  It 
was  mustered  out  at  Memphis,  Tenn.,  Septem- 
ber 3(Jth,  and  arrived  at  Peoria  October  12, 
1865. 

COMPANY  A. 

Major. 
D.  J.  Waggoner,  e.  Oct.  25,'61,  res.  June  5,'63. 

Sergeant. 
Jacob  Miller,  e.  Oct.  8.'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 

Privates. 
Blodgett,  Geo.,  e.  Feb.  22,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  .30,'65. 
Howard,  A.,  e.  Feb.  24,'65,  died  April  28,'65. 


590 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COrXTY. 


Ringland,  M.,  e.  Mar.  15,'65,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6.5. 
Shaw,  Xoah.  e.  March  9,'ti.5,  m.  o.  July  14, '&5. 
Turner,  J.,  e.  Feb.  22,'65,  m.  o.  July  l-i.'tio. 
Vandershot,  A.  L.,  e.  March  1, '6-5,  m.  o.  Sept. 

30, '6-5. 
AVilliams,  J.,  e.  Mar.  10,'6.5,  m.  o.  Sept.  30^'G5. 
Williams,  James,  e.  Feb.  22. '65. 
William.'!,  Z.,  e.  Mar.  9,'6.i,  m.  o.  July  14. 'iw. 

COMPANY  B. 

Captain. 

S.  C.  Burbridge,  e.  Dec.  20,'61,  pro.  Major,  m.  o. 
Dee.  iy,'W. 

First  Lieutenant. 

F.  C.  Worden,  e.  Dec.  20,'61,  res.  May23,'G2. 

S(Xond  Lieutenant. 

C.  L.  Bancroft,  e.  Dec.  20,'61,  pro.  m.  o.  Sept. 
30. 'Co. 

Sergeants. 

G.W.  Hunter,  e.  Sept.  7,'61.  pro.  2d  Lieut.,  then 
Capt.,  then  Maj.,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6.5. 

P.  Saine,  e.  Sept.  4,'61,  d.  '(H,  dis. 

A.  W.  Dunn,  e.  Sept.  4, '61.  v.  pro.  1st  Lieut., 
then  Capt.,  m.  o.  Sept.  30, '6.5. 

AV.  B.  Schall,  e.  Sept.  21, '61,  m.  o.  Dec.  19,'64. 

A.  E.  Montf;omer\-.  e.  Sept.  7.'61.  v.  m.  o.  Sept. 
30, '65. 

Corporals. 

J.  S.  Dunmire,  e.  Sept.  5,'61,  v.,  died  of  wnds., 

Mar.  1,'64. 
M.  V.  B.  Goshen,  e.  Aug.  31, "61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept. 

30,'6.5. 
DeW.  C.  Hunt,  e.  Sept.  7,'61.  died  Oct.  15,'62. 
L.  P.  Richards,  e.  Sept.  7,'61.  d.  Oct.  7.'62,  dis. 
J.  Gregg,  e.  Sept.  7, '61. 

Bugler. 
J.  Woodrufl;  e.  Sept.  7,'61. 
Farrier. 
3.  B.  Shinn,  e.  Sept.  24,'61,  v.,  pro.  vet.  surg. 

Blacksmith. 

E.  O.  Capp.  e.  Sept.  5,'61,  d.  Dec.  24,'62,  wnds. 

Wagoyier. 

G.  H.  Pancake,  e.  Sept.  7,'61,  d.  July  i5,'62,  dis. 

Privates. 

Brown,  A.  V.,  e.  Sept.  7, '61,  v.  m.o.  Sept.  .30, "65. 

Brown,  E.,  e.  Oct.  14,'61,  m.  o.  Dec.  19,'64. 

Brown,  M.  L.,  e.  Nov.  24, '61,  m.  o.  Dec.  19,'64. 

Burbridge,  D.,  e.  Sept.  5, '61. 

Butler,  VVm.,  e.  Sept.  3,'61,  d.  May  18,'62,  dis. 

Beard,  Thos.,  e.  Sept.  7,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 

Bishop,  Geo.,  e.  Nov.  2,'61,  m.  o.  Dec.  19,'64. 

Carman,  J.,  e.  Sept.  9,'61. 

Crawl.  W.,  e.  Sept.  3,'61,  d.  Aug.  31, '62,  dis. 

Cunningham,  J.  H.,  e.  Sept.  17. '61. 

Cullison,  N.  C,  e.  Sept.  23,'61.  died  April —  '62. 

Capps,  J.  H..  e.  Oct.  15,'61,  died  June  —  '62. 

Calvert.  D.  M.,  e.  Aug.  31,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept. 

30, '65. 
Dixon,  J.,  e.  Sept.  17,'61,v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6.5. 
French,  E.,  e.  Nov.  9,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Grav.son,  J.,  e.  Sept.  4,'61,  d.  June  — '62. 
Hall,  W.  N.,  e.  Sept.  5,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30,"65. 
Hirst.  D.  J.,  e.  .Sept.  7,'61,  d.  Dec.  19.'64. 
Hilligoss,  \V.  H.,  e.  Sept.  25,'61. 
Hilligoss,  E.  G.,  e.  Nov.  4,'61. 
Jackson,  J.,  e.  Sept.  9,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30.'65. 
Keel,  P.  E.,  e.  Sept.  9,'61,  v.  m.  o.  .Sept.  .30,'65. 
Kelly.  Robt..  e.  Sept.l7.'61,  m.  o.  Dec.  19,'64. 
Lefler,  Geo.,  e.  Sept.  2,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  .30,'65, 

sergt. 
Lambert,  O.  P.,  e.  Dec.  3,'61,  v.  m.  o.  July  21, 

'65,  corpl. 
McLane,  Alex.,  e.  Sept.  7, "01,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30, 

'65,  corpl. 
McKiuney,  J.,  e.  Sept.  7,'61.  d.  July  — 'C2,  dis. 
Meeks.  J.  H.,  e.  Aug.  31, '61, v.  pro.  sergt.,  then 

2d  Lieut,  and  1st  Lieut.,  m.  o.  Sept.  30.'65. 


McCoy,  Hugh,  e.  Sept.  4,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30, 

'65,  sergt. 
McKeigham,  Wm.,  e.  Sept.  26,'61.  d.  July  —'62. 

dis. 
Munhall,   T.  T.,  e.   Sept.  9,'61,  v.   pro.  sergt., 

then  2d  Lieut.,  then  Capt.  Co.  D.,  m.  o. 

Sept.  30, '65. 
Oliver.  J.,  e.  Nov.  9,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Proctor,  J.,  e.  Sept.  9,'61. 
Pettit.  H.  R.,  c.  Oct.  8,'61,  d.  Aug.  .31, '62,  dis. 
Pardun,  J.  R.,  e.  Sept.  3,'61,  v.  d.  Aug.  4,"65. 
Phillips,  J.,  e.  Dec.  11. '61.  died  Mav  30,'62. 
Randall.  J.,  e.  Sept.  4,  61,  died. 
Sanford.  M.,  e.  Sept.  4, "61,  m.  o.  Dec.  17,'64. 
Stokoe,  J.,  e.  Sept.  5."61,  d.  Julv  11, '62,  dis. 
Thatcher,  J.,  e.  Sept.  9,'61,  died  Aug.  11, '62. 
Tanner,  H.,  e.  Sept.  5,'61,  died  Oct.  10, '62. 
Tunks,  Benj.,  e.  Sept.  7,'61,  died  July  2,'62. 
Venable,  C,  e.  Dec.  14, '61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30, 

'65,  sergt. 
Westbv,  Wm.,  e.  Sept.  12,'61.  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  30, 

•6.5". 
Westbv.  J.   C.  e.   Sept.   12,'61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept. 

30."'65. 
Welch.  E.,  Nov.  12,61,  v.  m.  o.  Sept.  :50.'65. 
Bostwick,  AV.   E..   e.   Dec.  21, '63,  m.  o.  Sept. 

30.  "65. 
Baker.  M..  e.  Mar.  24, '64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Brvan    Q.  V.,  e.  Mar.  25. '64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6o. 
Bostwick,  G.  H..  e.  Jan.  18.'64.  kid.  Aug.  1.5,'&">. 
Bird,  S.,  e.  Feb.  19,'62,  died  Feb.  '63. 
Cole.  J.  S.,  e.  Dec.  11, '63,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6.5. 
ColUngs,  H.  W.,  e.  Dec.  1,'63.  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Cunningham.  T.  H..  e.  Mar.  15, '64. 
Crou.se,  D.  W..  e.  Dec.  1,'63,  m.  o.  June  16,"65, 

pris.  war. 
Dalton.  A.,  e.  Dec.  17.'6:3,  m.  o.  Sept.  26."65. 
Erford.  G.  D.,  e.  Mar.  14  "64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,"65. 
Frank.  M.  K.,  e.  Mar.  31, '64,  m.  o.  .Sept.  30.'6.5. 
Ficklin.   Wm..  e.   Dec.   11, "63.  died  of  wnds. 

April  10, '64. 
Glass,  W.  L.,  e.  Mar.  31. '64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Hunter.  W.  T..  e.  Dec.  19, '63,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Harper,  R.,  e.  Dec.  11, "63,  m.  o.  Sept.  30, '65. 
Holfman,   P.   P.,   e.   Mar.  28,'64,  m.   o.   Sept. 

30,'f>5. 
Jordan,  J.  C,  e.  Jan.  26,'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6o. 
Kenyon,  Benj..  e.  Jan.  16,'64.  died  Sept.  11, '6.5. 
Kerr,  L.  e.  Aug.  15, '62,  d.  Nov.  17, "62. 
Lefler,  S.,  e.  Feb.  2, "65,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Lance,  J.  W.,  e.  Mar.  26."(>1,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Lee.  J.,  e.  Mar.  28."64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
McClure,  H.  S..  e.  Mar.  •2S,"64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6j. 
Miller.  Amos.  e.  Dec.  17, '63,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Miller.  A.,  e.  Dec.  26,'63,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Morse,  M.,  e.  Dec.  26, '63,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Morse,  H.  D.,  e.  Mar.  28.'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Montgomery,"  J.  S..  e.  Jan.  1,'64,  m.  o.  Sept. 

26, '6.5. 
McCann,  A.,  e.  Jan.  21, '64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Morton,  J.  M.,  e.  Mar.  26.'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6.5. 
Phillips,  E..  e.  Mar.  28."64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,65. 
Pavne,  J.  N..  e.  Dec.  29,"63,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Powell,  \V..  e.  Jan.  14.'64.  ra.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Pancake,  D.  C.  e.  Dec.  21, '63.  ra.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Starr,  J.,  e.  Mar.  28.'64,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6.5. 
Thomas.  A.  O.,  e.  Dec.  1,"63,  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'6.3. 
Taylor.  Alex,  e.  Dec.  26,'64,  m.  o.   Sept.  30,'65. 
Taggett,  J.  W..  e.  Dec.  17,'G3.  died  July  18,'64. 
Winn,  J.,  e.  Jan.  4,'i>4,  ra.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Westbv,  W.  H.,  e.  Mar.  31.'64,ra.  o.  Sept.  30,'6.5. 
Wilson,  Wm.,  e.  Mar.  25, "64. 
Williams,  J.,  e.  Sept.  2,'61,  ra.  o.  Sept.  30."6.5. 
Wooden,  J.  L.,  e.  Feb.  24. '62.  m.  o.  Sept.  30,'65. 
Clavberg,  P.,  e.  Mar.  8,'65,  ra.  o.  July  15."65. 
Harnish,  W.   A.  C,  e.  Mar.  8,'65,  m.  o.  Sept. 

30, '65. 
Kent,  E.  Y..  e.  Mar.  8,'a5,  m.  o.  July  15,'6;j. 

COMPANY   ti. 

Captain. 
J.  R.  Covkendall.  e.  Dec.  20,'61,res.  Feb.  16,'63. 


IIISTOKV    OF    PTTLTOX    COUNTY 


391 


First    lAeutenunt. 
L.  B.  Wlllnrd,  t\  Dee.  20,'(il,  iv><.  Miiy  ■Js/d:;. 

C.  (!.  Mathi'iiv.  (_'.  Oct.  -l/m,  v.,  iii.  n.  .Iiily  11,0.3. 
Win.  ('hamlxr.s,  e.  Oct.  4.'<il. 
Corpiirith. 

J.  Gustin.  ('.  Oct.  l.'CiI,  v.,  1)1.  i>.  .Uily  1  l.T).'!. 
Wm.  E.  HaiiR'.-;.  c.  Nov.    I.'iil,  \..  in.   o.  .July 

14, T,.-,. 
T.  Shore*;,  e.  Oct.  i.'ill.  iii.  n.  July  11, T,.'!. 

Privttt(v. 
Brown,  (i..  c.  Sept.  lVS.'CiI,  v..  m.  (i.  .luly   14, 'ti.'). 
Boiinelt,  n..  e.  Oct.  4,'lU,  v.,  ill.  <■.   .Inly   1  l.'O,''). 
Brown,  \V.  H..  c.  Oct.  ■Jl.'r,],  v..ni.(i.  ,Tnly  14,0.'). 
Brewer,  (i.  W.,  e.  Oct.  iin.Til,  v.,  m.  o.  .Inly  14, 

'i\b,  sergt. 
Ilauglinian,    S,,  c.  Xov.  1,'01,  v..  m.    o.    .hily 

14, 'O.'!. 
lieadles,   W.   \V..  c.  Ctct.  4,'i;i.   v.,  ni.   o.   .Inlv 

14, 'O.'-.. 
Connor,  T.,  e.  Oct.  lit, '01.  v..  111.  n.  .Inly   14,'0.i. 
Carter,  ,1.  P..  e.  Oct.  19, '01,  v.,  m.  o.  .Tuly  14, '05. 
France,    W.  T.,  e.  Xov.  l."i,'01,  v.,  ni.   o.    July 

14,'0.'i, 
(iregory,  .1.,  e.  Oct.  li>,'6]. 

Gray,  \V.  O.,  e.  Nov.  4, '01,  v.,  m.  o.  .Inly  14, '0.5. 
Harlow,  J.,  e.  Oct.  1,'61,  v..  m.  o.  July  14, '05. 
Harily,  >-^.  R.  O..  o.  Oct.  i!.*<,'01,  v.,   in.  o.  July 

14,'G5. 
Hannon,  M.,  e.  Oct.  7, '01,  v.,  m.  o.  July  11, "05. 
Jones.;,  <;.  \V.,  e.  Oct.  r.i,'01,  v.,  m.  o.  July  14, '05. 
Johnson,  A.  S.  e.  Oct.  4, '01,  v.,  ni.o.  July  14,'05. 
Locke,  E.  M.,  e.  Oct.  7,'01,  v.,  m.  o.  July  14,'05. 
Pixley,  W.  H.,  e.  Oct.  :^,'01,  v.,  m.o.  July  14.'05. 
Pells,  P.  M.,  e.  Oct.  13,'61,  v.,  m.  o.  July  14.'05. 
Robinson,  J.  \V.  e.  Oct.  25, '01,  v.,  in.  o.  July 

14, '65. 
Spennv,  (;,,  e.  Nov.  25, '01,  v.,  m.  o.  Julvl4,'05. 
Todd,  J.  W.,  e.  Dec.  S.'Ol,  v.,  ra.  o.  July  14,'05. 
Bauphiuan,   P.  S.,  e.  Dec.  2, '01,  v..  hiirned  to 

death  during  the  burninj;-  of  Coluiuliia,   S. 

('.,  Feb.  19,'0.5. 
Barber,  J.  B..  e.  Mar.  24, '02,  v.,  m.o.  Julvl4,'05. 
(lark,  J.   T.,  e.  Feb.  12,'(U,  m.  o.   Aug.  1,'05, 

was  pris. 
PIuRhes,  T..  e.  Feb.  12, '04,  m.  o.  Aug.  2.'^,'05. 
Kellv,  J.,  e.  Feb.  12,'04,  m.  o.  July  14,'e.5. 
Maxwell,  D.,  e.  Feb.  ,s,'04.'  m.  o.  July  14, '05. 
Johnson,  M.,  e.  Dec.  10, '03,  in.  o.  July  14, '05. 
Kreuzan,  X..  e.  Feb.  15, '04,  died  Auk.  .S,'04. 
Noakes,  G.  V.,  e.  Dec.  10, "03,  m.  o.  ,Iuly  14, '05. 
Nelson,  Thos.,  e.  Nov.  0,'01,  v.,  m.  o.   July  11, 

'05,  corpl. 
Pixley,  T..  e.  Doc.  10,'03,  m.  o.  July  14, '05. 
Pearson,  B.  .V.,  e.  Jan.    2,'()2,  v.,  in.  o.    .Inly 

14, '0.5. 
Rupe,  M.  B.,  e.  Doc.  10, '03,  ra.  o.  Julv  14, '05. 
Stearns,  A.  W.,  e.  Dec.  10,'03,  m.  o.  July  14. '05. 
Strosnider,    J.    K.,  e.   Feb.  12, '04,  in.  o.  .lulv 

14,'t',5. 
Venters.  A.,  e.  Feb.  12, '04.  in.  o.  .luly  14, '05. 
Wilson,  G.  B.,  e.  Dec.  l(i,'03,  m.  o.   Julv  14, '05. 
Workman.  J.,  e.  Feb.  18. '04.  m.  o.  Julv  14, '0.5. 
Brant,  D.  S.,  e.  Nov.  17, '01,  v.,  Co.  1. 
DeCamp,  J.  T.,  e.  Nov.  15,'Gl.  died  Jan,   12,'04. 
Tourdot,  L.,  c.  Oct.  14, '01,  v.,  Co.  I. 
Dowdv,  H.  C,  e.  ,bxn.  25,'e4,  Co.  K,  11th  cav. 
Lucas,  F.  M.,  e.  Mar.  2S,'tU.  Co.  K. 
Lindsay,  J.  H.,  e.  Dec.  11, '03,  died  Oct.  14,'04. 
McKeighan,  J.  K.,  e.  April  '23, '64,  Co.  K. 
Wilson,  T.  B.,  e.  :Mar.  15.'05,  Co.  M,  11th  cav. 


12th  CAVALRY. 

Captain. 

J.  E.  Kimberlv,  e.  Dee.  31, '01,  C<i.   A,  d.  Nov. 
27, '02,  ill  liealth. 

COMPANY  D. 

Corporal<. 

J.  B.  AVvnn,  e.  Feb.  24,'61. 
.\.  K.  Morris,  e.  Feb.  24, '01. 

Privates. 
McClean.  C.  W.,  e.  Dec.  20,'61. 
Mohler,  A.  J.,  e.  Feb.  24, .02,  v. 
Morris,  A.  K.,  e.  Feb.  24, '02. 
McCov,  M.,  e.  Mar.  2,'02. 
Stanlev,  O.  B. 

Currier,  S.  G.,  e.  Dec.  18,'63,  died  Feb.  12. '64. 
IHivis,  A.,  e.  June  10,'62,  m.  o.  June  13, '65. 
Pvced,  F.  M.,  e.  Dec.  4,'03. 
Muirv,  John,  e.  Oct.  7,'61,  Co.  D,  13th  Cav. 
Stillmau,  J.  R.,  e.  Dec.  29, '03,  Co.  A.  14th   Cav. 
Haines,  T.  W..e.  Sept.  20,'62,  14th  Cav.,  died  at 

.Andersonville  prison,  Julv  3, '64,    No.    of 

grave,  2,835. 
\\ansell.  Wm.,  e.  Oct.  5,'62,  Co.  M,  14th  Cav. 

loth  CAVALRY. 

COMPANY  G. 

Sergeant. 
A.  J.  Mills,  e.  Sept.  6,'Gl,  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '04. 

Private)'. 

Crossiuan,  J.,  e.  Sept.  6,'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Crossninn,  1).,  e.  Sept.  O.'Ol,  died  June  25,'62. 
Fowler.  H.  M.,  e.  Sept.  O.'Ol.m.  o.  Oct.  .31, '04. 
Howard,  W.  H..  e.  Sept.  O.'Ol,  ni.  o.  Oct.  .31, '64. 
Howard,  C.  F.,  e.  Sept.  6,'01,  iii.  o.  Oct.  31, '<U. 
Hearsfleld.  Wm.,  e.  Sept.  6,'01.  in.  o.  Oct.  31, '04. 
Hammond,  G.  W.,  e.  Sept.  O.'Ol,  d.  June  7, '02. 
Harmon,  E.,  e.  Sept  <;,'01. 
Jacobs,  A.,  e.  Sept.  0,'01,  d.  May  21. '02. 
Jayiie,  G.  D..  e.  Sept.  O.'Ol.  d.  July  10, '62. 
Javiie,  W.  M.,  e.  Sept.  6, '01,  d.  .Vpril  25, '02. 
Mills,  T.  J.,  e.  Sept.  6,'61,  d.  Feb.  3,'62. 
Miilerts,  C.  H.,  e.  Sept.  6,'61,  d.  July  10,'02. 
McGrath,  C,  e.  Sept.  O.'Ol,  m.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Nelsou.  D.  H.,  e.  Sept.  0,'CI,  ra.  o.  Oct.  31, '64. 
Sizer,  J.,  e.  Sept.  6.'61,  m.  o.  Oct.  Sl.'M. 
Senn.  C.  G..  e.  Sept.  6,'01,  ra.  o,  Oct.  .31, '64. 

ARTILLKRY. 

Merchant.  F.  M..  e.  Julv  28,'62,  in  Batterv  M, 

1st,  trans,  to  V.  R.  C. 
Ashworth,  C.  W.,  e.  May  20, '01,  in  Rattery  A, 

2iid,  m.  o.  July  27, '05,  v. 
T'raig,  \.  C,  e.  April  23.'0l.  in  Battery  .\,  2nd, 

died  of  wnds.  Mav  1,'02. 
Mvers,  J.  W.,  e.  Sept.  10,'62,  in  Batterv  A,  2ud, 

ra.  o.  Sept.  14,'64. 
Beverlv,  Cassius,  e.  Feb.  13, '64,  in  Batters'  C,  2d, 

died- Dec.  29, '64. 
Smith,  F.  M.,  e.  Mar.  31, '04,  in  Battery  D,  2nd, 

ra.  o.  July  14, '65. 
(ierman,  Simeon,  e.  Jan.  2, '64,  in  Cogswell's 

Battery,  m.  o.  Aug.  14, '65. 
German,  W.  J.,  e.    April.  1  '64.  in   Cogswell's 

Batterv. 


CHAPTER  XIV. 

THE  BAR  OF  FULTON  COUNTY. 
PIONEER   COURTS. 

The  Circuit  Court  of  Fulton  county  held  its  first  term,  according 
to  the  records  of  that  Court,  April  26,  1824.     The  County  Com- 
missioners'  Court  selected  grand   and   petit  juries  July  5,  1823,  to 
serve  at  the  October  term   of  the  Circuit   Court   of  that  year;  but 
there  are  no  records  of  a  Court  being  held  at  that  time,  or  during  that 
year.     In  making  inquiries   in   order  to  harmonize  the  two  records 
if  possible,  we  asked  an  old  settler  about  it.     He  said  that  "either 
the  Judge  had  the  ague   or  too  many  of  the  jurymen  had  moved 
away  :  there  wasn't  enough  to  hold  Court."     It  must  be  remembered 
that  in  those  days  jurymen  were  not  as  plentiful  as  they  are  now. 
Every  settler  for  miles  around  was  either  on  the  grand  or  petit  jury, 
or  being  engaged  as  defendant,  prosecutor  or  witness  in  a  trial,  and 
great  difficulty  was  experienced  in  finding  a  sufficient  number  to  sit 
upon    the  juries.     When  it  was  found  that    more  jurymen  were 
needed,  it  was  the  task  of  days  to  subpoena  them. 

The  first  grand  jury  for  the  first  term  of  the  Circuit  Court  were 
composed  of  the  following  pioneers:  Ossian  ^[.  Ross,  foreman, 
John  Wolcott,  David  Gallintin,  Jeremiah  Smith,  Elijah  Putman, 
Urban  Pyalds,  Hazael  Putman,  Reuben  Fenner,  William  Clark, 
Stephen  Chase,  James  Johnson,  Roswell  Tyrrell,  Thomas  Eveland, 
Lyman  Tracy,  Theodore  Sergeant,  Roswell  B.  Fenner,  Joseph 
Ogee  and  Robert  Grumb.  John  Reynolds  was  the  first  Judge. 
Although  a  member  of  the  Supreme  Court,  he  did  Circuit  duty. 
The  members  of  the  Supreme  Court  held  Court  throughout  the 
State.     Judge  Reynolds  was  afterwards  State  Governor. 

The  Judge  appointed  Hugh  R.  Colter  as  Clerk. 

The  first  case  upon  the  docket  was  an '^appeal  from  a  Justice's 
judgment,"  but  as  to  the  nature  of  the  trial  the  records  are  silent. 
It  was  a  case  between  Elias  P.  Avery  and  John  Totteu,  and  was 
dismissed  by  the  Judge,  each  party  paying  his  own  cost. 

Grand  and  petit  juries  were  selected  for  the  October  term,  1824, 
but  no  Judge  came :  consequently  no  court  was  held.  We  suppose 
there  were  no  urgent  cases  on  the  docket.  Indeed,  the  greatest  num- 
ber of  trials  for  several  years  were  for  assault  and  battery.  It  is  an 
undisputable  fact  that  the  pioneers  would  fight.     They  were  robbed 


HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY.  393 

of  the  pleasures  afforded  in  older  settled  communities,  and  engaged 
in  hand-to-hand  encounters  more  as  recreation  or  amusement,  than 
taking  revenge  upon  their  fellow  men. 

There  was  not  another  term  of  the  Court  held  until  Nov.  10, 1825, 
when  the  old  pioneer  Judge,  Hon.  John  York  Sawyer,  presided. 
Judge  Sawyer  was  one  of  those  early  judges  who  had  no  finely  fur- 
nished and  fitted  room  in  which  to  hold  Court.  It  was  the  humble 
cabin,  or  plain  board  building,  in  which  this  able  Judge  presided. 
He  has  been  known  to  hold  Court  upon  the  bank  of  the  Mackinaw 
river  in  Tazewell  county.  He  was  a  man  eminently  suited  to  the 
times.  John  Twiug,  Attorney  General  pro  tern..,  acted  as  Prosecuting 
Attorney  at  this  term,  and  Stephen  Dewey  Clerk.  Ossian  M.  Ross 
officiated  as  Sheriff.  These  were  efficient  and  able  men,  and  during 
that  day  dispensed  justice  and  attended  to  their  official  duties  with 
the  promptness  and  ability  of  any  later  period  of  Fulton  county's 
history.  At  this  term  of  the  Circuit  Court  Hugh  R.  Colter  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  practice  of  law,  which  undoubtedly  places  him  as  the 
first  lawyer  of  Fulton  county,  as  he  was  the  first  in  many  other 
things.  He  never  applied  himself  for  any  length  of  time,  however, 
to  the  legal  profession. 

This  was  the  First  Circuit  at  that  time,  and  extended  throughout 
the  northern  part  of  the  State.  A  few  years  later  it  was  changed  to 
the  Fifth  and  included  all  the  country  in  the  Military  Tract,  even 
the  counties  of  Cook  and  Jo  Daviess.  Fulton  county  remained  in 
the  Fifth  Judicial  District  until  1873,  when  the  Circuits  were  re- 
arranged and  this  was  assigned  to  the  Eleventh  District,  including 
the  counties  of  Fulton,  McDonough,  Pike,  Schuyler  and  Brown. 

While  the  surroundings  of  the  pioneer  Court  were  rude,  and 
scarcely  had  been  transformed  from  the  wilderness  in  which  the 
Indians  had  but  recently  left  them,  yet  the  dignity  of  the  Court 
must  be  preserved  ;  and  the  shortest  term  of  confinement  ever  given 
an  individual  in  this  county,  or  in  any  other  that  we  ever  heard  of, 
was  inflicted  upon  Charles  Turner  Oct.  16,  1830,  for  contempt. 
Upon  that  day  he  was  sentenced  by  the  Judge  to  be  confined  to  the 
county  jail  for  two  hours.  The  order  was  executed  and  Mr.  Turner 
was  placed  behind  the  prison  bars  for  that  short  period  of  time. 

The  following  incident  is  related  by  a  veteran  lawyer  which  very 
forcibly  illustrates  the  difference  in  the  customs  of  the  by-gone  days 
and  the  present  time.  He  was  in  attendance  upon  the  Circuit  Court 
at  Lewistown  for  the  first  time.  The  Honorable  Judge  and  six 
other  attorneys  besides  himself  were  obliged  to  occupy  one  room  at 
the  hotel,  for  during  Court  the  landlords  generally  had  every  avail- 
able spot  in  their  small  buildings  occupied.  These  times  were  a 
rich  harvest  for  them.  The  Judge  and  the  other  legal  gentlemen 
passed  their  evenings  at  playing  cards.  While  they  no  doubt  en- 
gaged in  the  games  for  pastime,  yet  they  made  them  the  more 
interesting  by  playing  for  money.  Poker  seemed  to  have  been  the 
game  preferable.     They  also  had  a  bottle,  which,  besides  holding  a 


394  HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUXTY. 

liquid  very  palatable  to  them,  they  utilized  as  a  candlestick,  put- 
ting the^lighted  candle  in  its  mouth.  Imagine  the  spectacle,  will 
you,  of  the  Judge  of  your  Court  with  half  a  dozen  of  vour  leading 
lawyers  sitting  around  such  a  table.  Well,  one  nighf  while  our 
friend,  who  it  seems  did  not  care  to  indulge  in  the  social  glass  and 
game,*, was  snoozing,  he  was  awakened  by  a  loud  report,  caused  bv 
the  explosion  of  the  bottle.  He  found  the  entire  partv  considerably 
excited  and  quarreling,  accusing  each  other  of  stealing  monev.  Let 
us  hurriedly  draw  the  curtain  before  such  a  scene. 

COUET    DAYS. 

Among  the  notable  days  in  the  early  history  of  the  county  Avas 
Court  day.  The  convening  of  Court  was  one  of  the  events  of  the 
year.  Upon  that  day  nearly  everybody  gathered  at  the  county- 
seat.  If  a  settler  happened  not  to  be  on  a  jury,  or  a  witness,  or  a 
suitor,  he  felt  it  his  bounden  duty  to  "go  to  Court,"  to  s^e  and  hear 
what  was  going  on.  It  answered  the  place  of  shows  and  circuses 
of  a  later  day,  and  ])erhaps  was  as  instructive,  if  not  as  entertain- 
ing. Lawyers  in  those  pioneer  times  traveled  from  county  to 
county  throughout  the  Circuit,  no  one  point  having  l)usiness  enough 
to  justify  a  good  lawyer  to  spend  all  his  time  there.  When  Court 
was  over  in  the  evening,  the  Judge,  lawyers  and  citizens  would  con- 
gregate in  the  bar-rooms  of  the  taverns,  especially  at  Truman 
Phelps'  hotel,  where  stories  were  told  and  the  evening  spent  in  con- 
versation. These  seasons  were  accounted  the  most  enjoyable  of 
pioneer  life ;  and  when  we  consider  the  men  who  were  there  to 
edify  and  please  the  crowd  Avith  their  stories  and  anecdotes,  we  may 
well  consider  Court  days  as  ])ossessing  an  interest  of  no  little  merit. 
There  were  Lincoln  and  Douglas,  two  of  the  greatest  statesmen  the 
world  has  ever  known,  and  both  of  whom  possessed  an  inexhaust- 
ible fountain  of  anecdotes.  It  is  said  that  the  immense  fund  of 
anecdotes  possessed  by  the  late  President  Lincoln  was  largely 
derived  from  collections  made  while  "  on  the  Circuit."  Then  there 
were  Richardson,  Walker,  Baker,  McDougal,  Young,  Browning, 
Bushnell  and  others,  who  could  relate  as  good  a  story  as  ever  was 
listened  to.  Who  would  not  love  to  sit  at  the  feet  of  such  men  and 
listen  to  their  arguments,  their  general  conversation  and  their 
stories  ? 

riRCriT  JUDGES. 

Of  the  Judges  who  have  presided  at  the  Circuit  Court  in  this 
county  from  its  organization  to  the  present  time  we  give  brief  per- 
sonal sketches. 

Hon.  John  Keyno/ds  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  of  Irish 
descent,  and  was  reared  amid  pioneer  associations  and  imbibed  the 
characteristics,  manners  and  customs  of  the  pioneers.  He  disliked 
polish,  condemned  fashion,  and  was  addicted  to  inordinate  pro- 
fanity.    These,  garnished  by  his  varied  reading,  a  native  shrewd- 


# 


STATES     ATTOf?NEY 


MNlVf 


IIBRAR.Y 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  897 

ness  and  a  wonderful  faculty  of  garrulity,  make  him,  considering  the 
high  offices  he  held,  one  of  the  public  oddities  of  Illinois.  He 
was  one  of  the  Justices  of  the  Supreme  Court  when  he  held  court 
at  Lewistown. 

Hon.  John  Y.  Sawyer.  By  the  Constitution  the  terms  of  office  of 
the  Supreme  Judges  were  to  expire  Avith  the  close  of  the  year  1824. 
The  Legislature  re-organized  the  judiciary  by  creating  both  Circuit 
and  Supreme  Courts.  The  State  was  divided  into  five  judicial 
circuits,  providing  two  terms  of  court  annually  in  each  county. 
The  salaries  of  the  Circuit  Judges  were  fixed  at  $600.  Judge 
Sawyer  was  the  first  Circuit  Judge  to  hold  court  in  this  county. 
He  was  chosen  for  the  First  Circuit. 

Hoyi.  Richard  31.  Young  was  appointed  Judge  of  this  Circuit  in 
1828  and  remained  in  the  office  till  January,  1837,  when  he  resigned 
to  accept  a  seat  in  the  U.  S.  Senate.  Judge  Young  was  a  native  of 
Kentucky,  and  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  of  Northern  Illinois. 
He  ranked  high  in  his  profession,  and  his  counsels  did  much  to  shape 
the^policy  of  the  State.  In  his  manners  he  was  gentle,  courteous 
and  entertaining,  which  qualities  rendered  him  attractive  and  pop- 
ular. He  was  generous  in  his  feelings  and  liberal  in  his  views;  pos- 
sessed liberal  endowment  of  intellectual  ability  and  literary  and  le- 
gal acquirements,  and  these,  with  his  other  qualifications,  admirably 
fitted  him  for  the  post  he  was  called  to  fill.     He  died  from  insanity. 

Hon.  James  H.  Ralston,  a  native  of  Kentucky,  was  elected  by  the 
Legislature  in  1837,  and  in  August  of  the  same  year  he  resigned  on 
account  of  his  health,  with  a  view  of  going  to  Texas,  whither  he 
went  but  soon  returned  to  Quincy.  In  1840  he  was  elected  State 
Senator.  In  1846  President  Polk  appointed  him  Assistant  Quar- 
termaster of  the  U.  S.  army.  Having  discharged  his  duties  faith- 
fully during  the  war  with  Mexico,  he  returned  home  and  soon  after 
emigrated  to  California. 

Hon.  Peter  Lott,  a  native  of  New  York,  was  elected  the  successor 
of  James  Ralston,  and  continued  in  the  office  until  January,  1841. 
He  was  subsequently  appointed  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court  of  Adams 
county,  and  served  until  1852  ;  he  then  went  to  California  and  was 
appointed  Superintendent  of  the  U.  S.  Mint  in  San  Francisco  by 
President  Pierce,  and  was  removed  in  1857  by  President  Buchanan, 
and  afterwards  moved  to  Kansas  and  lived  in  humble  life. 

Hon.  Stephen  A.  Douglas  was  elected  Judge  by  the  Legislature  in 
1841.  The  life  and  career  of  this  great  man  is  so  well  and  widely 
known  as  to  render  any  extended  notice  of  him  useless.  It  is  suf- 
ficient to  say  that  the  circumstances  upon  which  he  entered  upon  the 
duties  of  his  office  were  such  as  to  thoroughly  try  the  scope  of  his 
ability.  The  Circuit  Avas  large;  the  previous  incumbent  of  the 
officehad  left  the  ''docket"  loaded  with  unfinished  "cases,"  but  he 
was  more  than  equal  to  the  task.  He  "  cleaned  out  the  docket " 
with  that  dispatch  and  ability  which  distinguished  his  subsequent 
course;  and  so   profound   was  the   impression    he  made  upon  the 

25 


398  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

people  that,  in  the  first  Congressional  election  which  occurred  after 
he  was  established  in  his  character  as  Judge,  he  received  nomination 
as  a  member  of  Congress,  and  was  elected. 

Hon.  Jesse  B.  Thomns  was  ajipointed  in  Aug.,  1843,  and  continued 
to  hold  the  position  until  1845,  when  he  resigned.  Judge  Thomas 
possessed  high  legal  abilities  and  accpiirements,  and  discharged  the 
duties  of  his  office  with  honor  to  himself  and  to  the  satisfaction  of 
the  people.  After  his  resignation  he  was  appointed  to  anotl]er  Cir- 
cuit and  soon  after  died.  He  w\as  a  delegate  to  Congress  from  Indi- 
ana as  early  as  1808.  His  district  was  what  are  now  the  States  of 
Indiana,  Illinois,  Wisconsin  and  Michigan.  He  was  one  of  the  first 
U.  S.  Senators  of  Illinois, 

Hon.  Norman  H.  Purple  was  the  next  incumbent  of  the  office. 
He  was  elected  in  1845  and  served  till  May,  1849,  when  he  resigned. 
The  probable  cause  for  this  was  the  insufficiency  of  salary.  The 
people  of  this  district  were  anxious  to  retain  him  as  Judge,  and 
probably  would,  l)ut  for  the  cause  stated.  He  was  distingu'.s'.ied 
for  high  legal  abilities  and  executive  talents,  and  the  office  was  ren- 
dered the  more  honorable  for  his  having  occupied  it. 

Hon.  William  A.  Minshall  was  elected  in  May,  1849,  and  contin- 
ued to  hold  the  office  till  his  death,  in  October,  1851,  although  iu 
1850  he  was  cut  off  from  this  district.  Judge  M.  was  a  native  of 
Tennessee,  and  came  early  into  the  State.  He  was  an  active  and 
successful  lawyer  and  attained  distinction  in  his  profession.  Previous 
to  his  election  as  Judge  he  had  been  a  member  of  the  Constitutional 
Convention  and  also  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature. 

Hon.  0.  C.  Skinner  succeeded  Judge  Minshall  and  occupied  the 
office  from  May,  1851,  to  May,  1853,  when  he  was  elected  to  the 
Supreme  Bench,  and  remained  there  till  1858,  when  he  resigned.  He 
was  a  sound,  able  lawyer  and  popular  as  a  Judge,  and  gained  emi- 
nence in  his  position  as  a  Judge  of  the  Supreme  Court. 

Hon.  Pinkney  H.  Walker  served  until  his  appointment,  in  1858,  to 
fill  a  vacancy  on  the  Supreme  Bench.  In  1859  he  wcs  elected  to 
the  Supreme  Court  for  nine  years,  which  position  he  n  nv  holds. 
Judge  Walker  is  a  native  of  Kentucky  and  came  into  the  State  with 
his  father  among  the  first  settlers,  and  located  in  McDonough 
countv.  He  had  onlv  such  advantages  for  obtaining  his  literarv  ac- 
qiiirements  as  a  newly  settled  country  afforded,  but  a  strong  deter- 
mination, added  to  high  intellectual  abilities  and  go<id  health,  carried 
him  over  all  of  the  educational  wants  of  the  times,  and  gave  him  a 
fair  position  as  a  scholar.  The  same  qualifications  rendered  him 
thorough  as  a  student  of  law,  and  gave  him  superiority  as  a  coun- 
selor.     His  present  residence  is  at  Rushville. 

Hon.  .John  S.  Biiiley  was  the  succeeding  incumbent  of  the  office 
and  served  for  three  years.  Previous  to  his  appointment  he  was 
States'  Attorney  for  this  district.  He  was  considered  a  sound  lawyer, 
and  made  an  impartial  Judge.  He  now  resides  at  Macomb,  and  yet 
follows  his  chosen  profession. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  399 

Hon.  Oiauncey  L.  Higbie,  of  Pike  coiintv,  was  first  elected  in 
1861,  and  was  re-elected  twice,  each  time  for  six  years.  His  repu- 
tation as  an  able  lawyer  is  unquestioned  and  fewer  appeals  were  made 
from  his  decisions  than  from  any  other  Judge  in  the  State.  He  was 
elected  to  the  Appellate  Court  in  1877,  when  the  present  incumbent, 
Judge  Shope,  of  Lewistown,  was  chosen. 

Hon.  S.  P.  Shope. — Judge  Shope,  of  Lewistown,  was  born  in 
Mississippi  but  reared  in  Ohio.  In  the  spring  of  18-39  he  came  to 
Illinois,  read  law  with  Judges  Purple  and  Powell  in  Peoria,  and 
was  admitted  to  the  Bar  June  11,  1856.  He  first  opened  an  office 
in  Metamora,  111.,  but  in  a  short  time  removed  to  Lewistown,  where 
he  still  resides.  He  has  had  a  large  practice  as  a  lawyer,  not  only 
in  his  own  Judicial  District  but  also  in  Logan,  Mason  and  Cass  coun- 
ties. In  August,  1877,  he  was  elected  Judge  of  this  District  without 
opposition.  His  thorough  knowledge  of  law,  quick  comprehension 
and  well-known  impartiality  render  him  a  popular  Judge.  AVe  re- 
fer to  the  Judge  again  as  a  citizen  of  Lewistown. 

PROSECUTING    ATTORNEYS. 

During  the  earliest  period  of  the  county's  history  the  Attorney- 
General  of  the  State  acted  as  Pi'osecuting  Attorney  in  Circuit  dis- 
tricts. At  the  time  the  first  Court  was  held  in  this  county,  James 
Turney  was  Attorney-General.  The  following  term  Attorney-Geu-^ 
eral  Turney  not  being  present  John  Twing  was  appointed  j^''^  tern. 
George  Forquer  was  the  next  Attorney-General.  After  the  expira- 
tion of  his  term  the  Circuit  was  given  a  State's  Attorney.  This  mode 
remained  in  vogue,  although,  of  course  the  districts  were  often 
changed  and  cut  down,  until  1872,  when  the  county  was  given  a 
prosecuting  attorney,  who  is  known  both  as  State's  Attorney  and 
County  Attorney.  This  official  is  not  now,  as  formerly,  called  out 
of  the  county  to  prosecute  for  the  people. 

The  Prosecuting  Attorneys  serving  this  county  are  as  follows : 

Hon.  Thonuii^  Ford  served  for  several  years  previous  to  1835.  He 
was  possessed  of  high  and  noble  qualities  of  manhood,  a  thorough 
student,  a  keen,  energetic,  untiring  lawyer,  of  strict  integrity  and 
laudable  aspirations,  and  was  universally  esteemed  and  respected. 
He  afterwards  became  Judge  of  the  northern  district,  and  when  he 
had  become  known  over  the  State,  was  chosen  Governor  by  a  spon- 
taneous movement  of  the  people. 

Hon.  WiUiam  A.  Richardson,  who  served  till  1837.  Mr.  Rich- 
ardson's personal  merits  and  characteristics  are  too  well  known  to 
require  any  delineation.  His  predominating  traits  were  courage, 
unyielding  perseverance  and  unvarying  adherence  to  the  cause  to 
w4iieh  he  was  committed.  He  had  command  of  a  regiment  of  Illi- 
nois volunteers  during  the  Mexican  war,  and  in  the  battle  of  Buena 
Vista  his  cap  was  carried  from  his  head  by  a  musket  ball.  He  re- 
turned home  and  was  elected  to  Congress,  and  re-elected  five  times. 
He  was  also  appointed  Governor  of  Nebraska  by  Buchanan. 


400  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Hon.  Henry  L.  Bryant,  of  Lewistown,  succeeded  Mr.  Richardson, 
and  served  until  1839.  He  is  characterized  as  a  gentleman  of  fine 
qualities  and  as  an  able  lawyer.  We  shall  speak  personally  of  Mr. 
Bryant  again  in  the  history  of  the  city  of  Lewistown. 

Hon.  William  Elliott  served  from  January,  1839,  till  January, 
1848.  He  was  esteemed  as  a  worthy  man,  a  warm  friend  and  a  good 
lawyer.  He  served  in  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and  was  wounded  in  a 
hand-to-hand  conflict  with  a  single  Indian,  whom  he  killed.  He 
was  Quartermaster  in  the  4th  regiment  during  the  Mexican  war, 
and  served  through.  He  returned  to  Lewistown  and  continued  his 
practice  until  about  1856,  when  he  moved  upon  a  farm  in  Peoria 
county,  near  Farmington,  where  he  died  in  February,  1871. 

Ho7i.  Robert  S.  Blachvell  was  the  successor  of  Mr.  Elliott,  and 
served  from  1848  till  1852.  Mr.  Blackwell  was  one  of  the  most 
distinguished  lawyers  in  the  State,  and  is  the  author  of  "Blackwell 
on  Tax  Titles." 

Harmon  G.  Reynolds. — From  1852  to  1854,  Hon.  Harmon  G. 
Reynolds,  of  Knoxville,  held  the  office.  Mr.  Reynolds  was  an 
attorney-at-law  of  great  ability,  and  an  active  man  in  all  beneficent 
enterprises.  He  came  from  Rock  Island  to  Knoxville  some  time 
about  1851,  where  he  practiced  law,  was  State's  Attorney  and  Post- 
master, and  held  prominent  positions  in  the  Masonic  order.  He 
moved  from  Knoxville  to  Springfield,  where  he  served  as  Grand 
Secretary  of  the  order.     He  now  resides  in  Kansas. 

William  C.  Goudy. — Hon.  William  C.  Goudy,  of  Lewistown,  suc- 
ceeded Mr.  Reynolds.  Mr.  Goudy  was  a  shrewd  Democratic  poli- 
tician in  earlier  days,  as  well  as  a  faithful  servant  of  the  people  as  a 
delegate  to  conventions,  as  a  member  of  the  State  Senate,  etc.  As 
a  lawyer  he  is  accounted  one  of  the  ablest  that  ever  practiced  at  the 
bar.  He  has  accumulated  large  wealth  and  now  resides  in  Chicago, 
where  he  moved  in  1859. 

Calvin  A.  Warren  followed  Mr.  Blackwell  in  the  office.  Mr. 
Warren  served  from  May,  1852,  until  August,  1853.  This  gentle- 
man was  a  popular,  fluent  speaker  and  successful  lawyer. 

Hon.  A.  M.  Craig,  of  Knoxville,  served  in  1856.  He  was  elected 
to  the  Supreme  Court  a  few  years  ago,  where  he  still  holds  a  seat. 

Hon.  John  S.  Bailey,  of  McDonough  county,  filled  the  office  until 
September,  1858,  when  he  resigned  for  a  seat  upon  the  bench. 

Hon.  L.  H.  Waters  was  appointed  by  the  Governor  to  fill  the 
unexpired  term  of  Mr.  Bailey.  He  was  from  Macomb,  and  served 
until  the  fall  of  1860.  A  year  later  he  entered  the  army  as  Lieu- 
tenant-Colonel of  the  28th  Illinois  Infantry.  Resigning,  he  was 
commissioned  to  raise  another  regiment,  which  he  succeeded  in 
■  doing  and  received  the  appointment  of  Colonel.  This  was  the  84th 
Illinois  Infimtry  and  did  excellent  service  under  his  efficient  com- 
mand. At  the  close  of  the  war  he  returned  to  Macomb  and  prac- 
ticed law,  and  about  four  years  later  moved  to  Missouri.  He  now 
resides  at  Jefferson  City,  that  State, 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  401 

Thomas  E.  Morgan  was  the  next  incumbent.  Mr.  Morgm  was  a 
lawyer  of  fine  ability  and  ranked  at  the  head  of  the  bar  in  this  part 
of  the  State.     He  died  July  22,  1867. 

L.  W.  J«//i&s,  of  Lewistown,  was  the  next  incumbent.  Mr.  James 
is  a  lawyer  of  more  than  ordinary  talent  and  was  one  of  the  best 
prosecutors  in  the  district,  and  is  said  to  be  one  of  the  most  brilliant 
young  men  in  the  State.     He  now  resides  at  Peoria. 

Daniel  Abbott. — When  each  county  throughout  the  Circuit  was 
given  a  prosecuting  attorney,  Daniel  Abbott  was  chosen  for  Fulton 
county.  He  is  a  native  of  this  county,  having  been  born  here  May 
21,  1838;  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  1859;  was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  in  January,  186(3,  and  has  since  resided  in  Canton  where  he 
is  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law. 

THE  BAR. 

The  Bar  of  Fulton  county  has  ever  stood  foremost  of  all  in  this 
great  State.  Some  of  the  best  legal  minds,  and  fairest  logicians  and 
finest  orators  of  the  age  have  practiced  at  this  Bar. 

In  reviewing  the  Bar  of  the  county  our  readers  must  bear  in  mind 
that  as  the  prosperity  and  well-being  of  every  community  depends 
upon  the  wise  interpretation,  as  well  as  upon  the  judicious  framing, 
of  its  laws,  it  must  follow  that  a  record  of  the  members  of  the  Bar, 
to  whom  these  matters  are  generally  relegated,  must  form  no  unim- 
portant chapter  in  the  county's  history.  Upon  a  few  principles  of 
natural  justice  is  erected  the  whole  superstructure  of  civil  law 
tending  to  relieve  the  wants  and  meet  the  desires  of  all  alike.  But 
where  so  many  interests  and  counter  interests  are  to  be  protected  and 
adjusted,  to  the  judiciary  is  presented  many  interesting  and  com- 
plex problems.  But  change  is  everywhere  imminent.  The  laws  of 
yesterday  do  not  compass  the  wants  and  necessities  of  the  people  of 
to-day.  The  old  relations  do  not  exist.  New  and  satisfactory  ones 
must  be  established.  The  discoveries  in  the  arts  and  sciences ;  the 
invention  of  new  contrivances  for  labor ;  the  enlargement  of  indus- 
trial pursuits,  and  the  increase  and  development  of  commerce  are 
without  precedence,  and  the  science  of  the  law  must  keep  pace 
with  them  all ;  nay,  it  must  even  forecast  events  and  so  frame  its 
laws  as  will  most  adequately  subserve  the  wants  and  provide  for  the 
necessities  of  the  new  conditions.  Hence  the  lawyer  is  a  man  of 
the  day.  The  exigencies  he  must  meet  are  those  of  his  own  time. 
His  capital  is  his  ability  and  individuality.  He  cannot  bequeath 
to  his  successors  the  characteristics  that  distinguished  him,  and  at 
his  going  the  very  evidences  of  his  work  disappear.  And  in  com- 
piling this  short  sketch  one  is  astonished  at  the  paucity  of  material 
for  a  memoir  of  those  who  have  been  so  intimately  connected  with, 
and  who  exerted  such  an  influence  upon,  the  county's  welfare  and 
progress.  The  peculiarities  and  the  personalities  which  form  so 
pleasing  and  interesting  a  part  of  the  lives  of  the  members  of  the 
Bar,  and  which  indeed  constitute  the  charm  of  local  history,  a,re 


402  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

altogether  wanting.  Unlike  the  fair  plaintiif  in  Bardell  vs.  Pick- 
wick, we  have  no  pains-taking  sergeant  to  relate  "the  facts  and  cir- 
cumstances" of  the  case.  The  Court  records  give  us  the  facts,  but  the 
circumstances  surrounding  and  giving  an  interest  to  the  events  are 
wanting. 

As  stated  elsewhere  in  this  volume,  the  Bar  of  Fulton  county  has 
always  been  an  able  one,  and  some  of  the  brightest  minds  of  our 
State  have  practiced  law  in  the  Courts  of  this  county.  Among  the^ 
foreign  lawyers  who  have  prominently  figured  here  were  Hon.  Wm. 
A.  Minshall,  of  Rushville,  William  A.  Richardson  and  Gen.  Max- 
well, of  Rush  ville,  Abraham  Lincoln  and  E.  D.Baker,  of  Springfield, 
Cyrus  Walker  and  Gilmore  Walker,  of  Macomb,  Hon.  Stephen  T. 
Logan,  of  Springfield,  James  W.  AVhitney  ("My  Lord  Coke"),  of 
Pike  county,  Wm.  A.  Grimshawof  Pike,  Bryant  T.  Schofield  of  Han- 
cock, Julius  Manning,  of  Peoria,  James  A.  McDougal,  of  Jackson- 
ville and  Archiijald  Williams,  Peter  Lott,  O.  H.  Browning,  Nehe- 
miah  Bushnell,  W.  Johnson  and  Wheat,  all  of  Quincy,  and  others 
whose  history  is  coeval  with  that  of  the  early  days  of  the  county. 
Of  those  attorneys  who  resided  in  the  county  at  one  time  and  are 
now  either  dead,  have  quit  the  practice  or  have  moved  away,  we  will 
speak  of  first ;  afterwards  we  will  speak  personally  of  the  present 
members  of  the  Bar. 

H.  S.  Austin  resided  in  Farming-ton.  He  was  a  fair  lawver.  He 
left  the  county  about  1853  and  at  present  resides  in  Chicago. 

J.  P.  Boice  came  to  LewistoAvn  from  New  Eno-land  at  an  earlv 
day,  and  at  one  time,  1841,  was  associated  with  John  David  in  the 
practice  of  law.  He  was  a  good  lawyer,  but  not  an  advocate 
of  special  ability.  He  was  a  prominent  Whig  politician  and  a 
shrewd,  sharp  worker.  He  moved  to  Henry,  Marshall  Co.,  where 
he  died. 

Floyd  Brown  was  a  lawyer  of  considerable  ability,  and,  as  we  are 
told,  "  of  considerable  whisky,  too."  He  came  from  Pike  county  to 
Lewistown  and  went  from  there  to  Minnesota,  where  he  died. 

Thomas  H.  Brunei'  came  to  Lewistown  from  Ohio,  and  proved 
himself  in  a  short  time  to  be  not  a  successful  lawyer.  He  soon  em- 
barked in  the  lumber  trade  in  company  with  Geo.  Humphrey,  and 
he  with  others  built  the  Willison  Hotel  and  the  adjoining  block. 
He  left  Lewistown  in  1869. 

John  S.  Clendennln  came  to  Lewistown  in  1842  or  '43,  but  could 
not  get  a  foothold  in  his  profession  here  and  soon  after  went  to 
Yazoo  City,  Miss.,  and  became  quite  a  prominent  man.  He  is  now 
deceased.  His  brother,  D.  R.  Clendennin,  was  a  member  of  the  com- 
mission that  tried  Mrs.  Surratt. 

Hugh  R.  Colter  was  admitted  to  practice  law  by  Judge  John 
York  Sawyer,  at  Lewistown,  in  November,  1825.  Mr.  Colter,  it 
will  be  remembered,  was  the  first  Circuit  and  County  Clerk  of  Ful- 
ton county,  and  wielded  an  important  part  in  the  organization  of 
the  county  and  in  starting  its  governmental  machinery.      He  was 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  403 

also  engaged  in  school-teaching.     He  never  applied  himself  to  the 
practice  of  his  legal  profession  here. 

Lewis  Corbin,  although  "a  good  judge  of  law,"  to  use  a  "West- 
ernism,"  was  never  noted  in  any  degree  for  his  success.  Honest, 
slow  of  speech,  and  not  over-enterprising,  he  was  too  good  a  man 
to  be  a  successful  lawyer.     He  lived  at  Canton. 

John  W.  David  was  a  member  of  the  law  firm  of  Boice  &  David, 
and  died  about  the  year  1842,  insane.  He  was  modest,  unassuming, 
steady  and  sober,  and  highly  esteemed.  Although  not  brilliant  as 
a  lawyer,  he  possessed  sound  judgment. 

Asa  Lee  Davison,  for  years  a  partner  of  Hon.  William  Kellogg, 
was  a  lawyer  of  more  than  average  ability.  A  good  pleader,  full  of 
wit  and  of  commanding  presence,  he  would  doubtless  have  ranked 
among  our  foremost  men  had  it  not  been  for  his  unfortunate  love 
for  strong  drink.  After  leaving  Canton  he  occupied  a  prominent 
position  as  a  member  of  the  New  York  Legislature,  and  finally 
died  at  Pekin,  111. 

Caleb  J.  Dilworfh  was  formerly  a  partner  of  Judge  Shope,  and  is  a 
lawyer  of  great  ability.  He  is  at  present  Attorney  General  of  Ne- 
braska. 

William  Elliott  was  a  good  pioneer  lawyer  and  served  the  District 
as  State's  Attorney.  He  lived  at  Lewistown,  then  moved  over  the 
line  into  Peoria  county,  where  he  died. 

Henry  B.  Evans  was  quite  a  land  owner  in  this  county  at  one  time 
but  became  embarrassed,  and  about  1861  entered  the  army  as  sutler, 
thinking  to  retrieve  his  fortune.  He  was  prospering  nicely  when 
the  rebels  raided  the  Union  lines  and  took  all  of  his  goods.  He 
now  resides  in  Chicago.  He  served  as  County  Clerk  from  1839 
to  '47. 

Robert  Farwell  read  law  with  Wead  &  Goudy,  and  is  a  good 
lawyer.  He  has  accuuiulated  a  large  fortune  and  resides  at  Prince- 
ton, 111. 

William  C.  Goudy  studied  law  with  Judge  Wead  and  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar  while  living  at  Lewistown.  He  was  for  many 
years  not  only  at  the  head  of  the  Bar  in  Fulton  county,  but  had  an 
enviable  State  reputation.  He  removed  to  Chicago  several  years 
ago,  where  he  still  lives,  and  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  most  promi- 
nent legal  gentlemen  in  the  State.  He  is  yet  largely  identified  with 
the  business  interests  of  this  county,  especially  coal-mining. 

W.  H.  H.  Haskell  belongs  to  the  versatile  class  of  men,  having 
great  talent  for  so  great  a  variety  of  occupations  that  he  has  no  time 
to  succeed  at  all  of  them.  Editor,  lawyer,  artist,  teacher,  cabinet- 
maker, book-keeper,  and  proficient  in  thirteen  (literal  fact)  other 
professions  or  trades,  he  never  shone  so  well  at  the  Bar  as  he  now 
does  as  the  editor  of  the  Amboy  Journal,  which  certainly  ranks  well 
as  a  country  paper.     He  resided  at  Canton. 

George  S.  Hill,  formerly  of  Canton,  was  one  of  the  class  of  fussy, 
flighty  men,  who  succeed  only  in  becoming  second-rate  attorneys. 


404  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

With  a  fair  legal  education,  some  pluck,  but  no  balance,  he  was  not 
recognized  as  one  of  the  legal  luminaries  of  Fulton  county. 

James  Johnson  was  a  very  eccentric  man,  and  not  especially  emi- 
nent as  a  lawyer  or  anything  else.  He  came  to  Lewistown  previous 
to  1840  and  was  admitted  to  practice  his  profession  while  living 
there.  He  went  from  this  county  to  California,  where  he  is  now 
upon  the  bench. 

6'.  Corning  Judd  came  to  Lewistown  about  1852,  and  was  in  the 
profession  at  the  time.  He  is  a  brother-in-law  of  W.  C.  Goudy,  and 
became  his  partner  in  the  practice  of  law,  and  continued  in  that  re- 
lation until  Mr.  Goudy  removed  to  Chicago.  He  remained  here  for 
some  years  when  he  too  removed  to  Chicago,  and  is  ranked  among 
the  leading  legal  gentlemen  of  that  city,  and  has  a  large  and  lucra- 
tive practice. 

Hon.  Willimn  Kellogg  for  many  years  stood  at  the  head  of  the 
Fulton  county  Bar.  His  fort  was  criminal  practice,  and  no  lawyer 
at  the  Bar  was  more  eloquent  in  his  defense  of  a  prisoner,  or  better 
able  to  select  a  jury  whose  sympathies  could  be  touched  by  his  elo- 
quence. His  judgment  in  civil  practice  could  be  fully  relied  upon, 
but  his  besetting  sin,  a  dislike  of  close  application,  sometimes  lost 
him  cases  in  which  either  his  interest  or  sympathy  was  not  aroused. 
His  forensic  power  made  him  fully  the  equal  of  any  Illiuoisan  who 
ever  graced  the  Bar. 

Wm.  Pitt  Kellogg  was  yet  young  in  practice  when  he  quit  law  for 
politics,  but  had  already  won  quite  a  reputation  as  a  pleader,  and 
one  who  was  at  all  times  ready  to  take  every  advantage  offered  by 
his  adversary's  neglect.  He  would  have  undoubtedly  stood  at  the 
head  of  the  Bar  had  he  remained  in  practice.  He  is  now  U.  S.  Sen- 
ator from  Lousiana. 

Myron  Kimball  was  a  smart,  sharp,  nervous  man,  and  obtained  his 
professional  training  under  Hon.  O.  H.  Browning.  He  was  a  partner 
of  George  Phelps,  and  left  the  county  during  the  Rebellion,  and  we 
believe  resides  at  Quincy,  111. 

A.  G.  Kirhpatrick  returned  to  Monmouth,  111.,  the  place  he  came 
from,  to  Lewistown,  about  1864.  He  remained  here  about  three 
years.  He  was  a  man  of  some  ability  in  his  profession,  but  of  no 
discretion, 

Thomas  J.  Little  was  a  wiry,  still,  shrewd  man,  not  famous  for  ora- 
tory or  pleading,  but  who  saw  the  weak  points  in  his  adversary's  mail 
and  had  a  lance  ready  to  pierce  it.  His  best  forte  was  in  the  prep- 
aration of  legal  papers,  and  hunting  up  his  case, 

Sidney  V.  McClung  was  an  educated  lawyer  of  more  than  ordinary 
native  talent,  whose  sun  set  in  the  fog  which  rum  has  generated  in 
the  horizon  of  far  too  many  brilliant  men. 

^Samuel  B.  Oberlander  came  to  Lewistown  from  Iowa  in  1863  and 
remained  till  1871,  when  he  went  to  Howard  county,  Iowa.  He 
never  won  any  special  distinction  as  a  member  of  the  Fulton  county 
Bar. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  405 

W.  C.  Osborn  came  to  Lewistown  about  the  year  1828.  He  was 
a  well-read  lawyer,  yet  his  reputation  for  fairness  was  questioned  by 
some.  He  owned  the  entire  block  fronting  the  square^on  the  west 
side  at  one  time,  where  he  kept  a  law  office  and  grocery  store.  He 
remained  here  about  fifteen  years  and  moved  to  Iowa,  where  he  died. 

George  Phelps,  son  of  the  late  Myron  Phelps,  was  a  member  of 
the  legal  firm  of  Phelps  &  Kimball.'  He  was  a  student  under  the 
eminent  lawyers,  Browning  &  Bushnell.  He  left  Lewistown  during 
the  war  and'entered  the  army  as  paymaster,  and  now  resides  at  New 
Albany,  Ind. 

Stephen  H.  Pitkins  came  from  Ohio  to  Lewistown  prior  to  1840. 
He  read  law  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  while  in  this  county.  He 
was  a  medium  lawyer  and  at  one  time  served  as  Probate  Judge  of 
this  county.  He  returned  to  Ohio  during  the  decade  between 
1850  and  1860,  where,  as  far  as  we  can  learn,  he  still  resides. 

John  W.  Ross,  son  of  Hon.  L.  W.  Ross,  began  practicing  law  at 
Lewistown  in  1862  or  '63.  He  rose  in  his  profession  rapidly  and 
soon  moved  to  Washington,  D.  C,  where  he  now  resides. 

Gen.  Leonard  F.  Foss  was  admitted  to  the  Bar ;  and  practiced 
previous  to  his  election  to  the  office  of  County  Clerk,  since  which 
time  he  has  practiced  but  little. 

Joseph  Sharp  was  a  lawyer  of  no  special  prominence. 

Henry  B.  Stillman. — The  late  Henry  B.  Stillman  read  law  in  1843 
and  '44,  went  to  the  northern  part  of  the  State  and  became  Prose- 
cuting Attorney.  He  was  a  good  lawyer  but  unfortunately  he  drank 
hard  during  much  of  his  life.  He  died  during  the  past\summer  at 
Lewistown. 

George  W.  Stipp  came  to  Lewistown  about  1844  and  left  about 
1855.  He  was  an  able  lawyer.  In  criminal  practice  and  before  the 
jury  he  stood  in  the  front  rank.  He  resides  in  Bureau  county  and 
is  Circuit  Judge. 

Washington  J.  Taylor  was  a  courtly,  polite  man,  well  educated, 
fond  of  sport,  quick  to  perceive  all  the  points  in  a  case,  and  was 
just  beginning  what  would  doubtless  have  proven  a  successful  career 
at  the  Bar  when  death  cut  him  off.    He  lived  at  Canton. 

S.  S.  Tipton,  at  one  time  a  law  partner  of  the  Hon.  Lewis  W. 
Ross,  was  raised  in  this  county.  He  was  a  good  office  lawyer  but 
not  deeply  read  in  law.  He  left  the  county  in  about  1865  and 
moved  to  Kansas  where  he  now  resides. 

Henry  Walker,  father  of  Hon.  Meredith  Walker,  came  to  the  Bar 
at  a  time  when  life  had  passed  its  zenith  for  him.  A  brick-mason 
by  trade  and  with  a  limited  education,  by  dint  of  hard  work,  good 
sense  and  energy  he  was  able  to  take  a  position  among  our  foremost 
lawyers  in  both  criminal  and  general  practice. 

E.  T.  Warren  was  the  first  practicing  attorney  to  locate  in  Ful- 
ton countv,  so  far  as  we  are  able  to  learn.  He  came  from  Maine 
and  located  at  Lewistown  in  1824  or  '25,  where  he  resided  three  or 
four  years.     He  was  a  good  pioneer  lawyer. 


406  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Hon.  H.  31.  Wead  came  from  the  State  of  Vermont  to  Lewis- 
town  in  about  1840,  and  was  engaged  in  his  profession  at  that  time. 
He  was  a  sound  lawyer,  a  good  advocate,  and  an  able  jurist.  In 
1852  he  was  elected  Circuit  Judge  and  filled  the  office,  not  only 
creditably,  but  eminently.  He  was  a  partner  of  W.  C.  Goudy  for 
some  time.  At  the  expiration  of  his  term  of  office  on  the  bench 
he  went  to  Peoria  and  became  one  of  the  most  promising  lawyers 
of  that  city,  where  he  died  three  or  four  years  ago. 

Ira  0.  Wilkinson  came  from  New  York  in  '45  or  '6  and  remained 
only  about  a  year  or  two,  when  he  went  to  Rock  Island,  where  he 
subsequently  became  Circuit  Judge.  He  was  a  young  man  when  he 
came  to  Lewistown,  and  although  the  bar  was  composed  of  some  of 
the  best  men  of  the  State,  things  were  not  quite  nice  enough  for  him" 
here,  and  he  left. 

A.  C.  Woolfolk  came  to  Lewistown  about  twenty  years  ago  and 
remained  only  a  short  time.  As  a  lawyer  he  was  not  brilliant,  or, 
as  we  are  told,  "of  much  force." 

THE  MEMBERS  OF  THE  PRESENT  BAR. 

It  has  been  our  intention  to  give  the  name  and  what  facts  we 
could  obtain  of  every  lawyer  who  has  formerly  lived  and  practiced 
in  this  county.  If  we  have  over-looked  any  person  it  is  certainly 
unintentional.  We  inquired  most  diligently  for  weeks  in  regard  to 
the  various  members  of  the  Bar  of  the  past,  and  have  been  told  by  men 
whom  almost  everybody  will  accord  the  credit  of  knowing,  that  our 
list  is  a  full  and  complete  one. 

In  regard  to  the  members  of  the  present  Bar  it  has  also  been  our 
desire  to  speak  of  each  and  every  one  that  has  been  admitted  to  the 
Bar,  If  we  have  omitted  a  name  we  assure  the  gentleman  and  our 
readers  that  his  name  was  omitted  because  we  did  not  have  informa- 
tion of  his  being  a  lawyer,  etc. 

Daniel  Abbott,  State's  Attorney,  is  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law 
at  Canton. 

Jacob  Abbott,  Canton,  was  born  in  this  countv  and  admitted  to 
the  Bar  July  4,  1876. 

/.  W.  Bantz,  Lewistown,  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1872  and 
began  practice  in  Clearfield,  Pa.,  the  place  where  he  began  the  study 
of  law  four  years  previously  ;  came  to  Lewistown  in  July,  1875.  He 
was  born  in  Loudon  Co.,  Va.,  in  1850,  and  is  a  son  of  John  and 
Mary  A.  (Merchant)  Bantz. 

A.  M.  Barnett,  Lewistown  has  been  engaged  in  the  practice  of 
law  for  a  short  time  in  that  city,  and  is  the  present  Clerk  of  Lewis- 
town  township. 

Hon.  Granville  Barrere  came  to  this  county  and  located  at  Can- 
ton many  years  ago,  and  has  been  actively  engaged  in  law  ever  since. 
In  1873-4  he  was  elected  to  Congress  on  the  R9publican  ticket,  of 
which  party  he  is  a  staunch  member. 

Hon.   Thos.  A.  Boyd,  Lewistown,  is  the  present  member  of  Con- 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  407 

gress  from  this  District,  and  is  now  serving  his  second  terra  as  a 
member  of  that  body.  He  has  also  served  in  the  State  Legislature ; 
and  when  Abraham  Lincoln  called  for  troops  in  1861,  Mr.  Boyd 
went  as  Captain  of  the  first  company  raised  at  Lewistown.  A  full 
sketch  of  this  gentleman  will  be  given  in  the  history  of  the  city  of 
Lewistown. 

Henry  L.  Bryant,  of  Lewistown,  was  born  in  Covington,  Mass., 
and  educated  in  Geneva  College,  N.  Y.  He  read  law  at  Lexington, 
Ky.,  and  took  a  course  of  lectures  at  Transylvania  University ; 
came  to  Macomb,  111.,  in  1835;  in  1837  was  elected  State's  Attorney, 
before  he  was  21  years  of  age,  and  filled  the  office  with  satisfaction 
to  the  public  and  with  great  honor  to  himself.  He  resided  in  Ma- 
comb until  1848;  in  1852  was  elec^d  County  Judge  of  this  county 
and  served  two  terms,  and  in  1876  was  again  elected  to  the  same 
office. 

Walter  L.  Crossthicait  studied  law  in  the  office  of  Meredith  Walk- 
er at  Canton  for  three  years,  attended  law  school  at  Ann  Arbor, 
Mich.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  Jan.  5,  1877.  He  is  now  en- 
gaged in  practice  in  Canton. 

W.  J.  Dyckes,  a  young  lawyer,  located  at  Lewistown,  where  he  is 
engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  chosen  profession. 

W.  S,  Edwards,  of  Lewistown,  is  a  son  of  Sam'l  and  Sarah  (Dodds) 
Edwards,  natives  of  Ohio  ;  in  1870  he  entered  Hedding  College, 
Abingdon,  111.,  studied  law  at  Quincy,  and  in  1876  entered  the  office 
of  Hon.  Thos.  A.  Boyd,  with  whom  he  is  still  associated  in  the  legal 
profession. 

Samuel  A.  Ghee,  Canton,  is  an  old  attorney,  but  of  late  years  has 
not  been  actively  engaged  in  the  practice  of  his  profession  at  the  Bar. 

Frederick  M.  Grant,  of  the  firm  of  Barrere  &  Grant,  is  a  native 
of  Connecticut,  studied  law  with  Judge  R.  L.  Hannaman,  of  Knox 
Co.^  111.,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  March,  1869.  He  prac- 
ticed law  in  Galesburg  for  a  few  years,  and  came  to  Canton  in  1873. 

John  A.  Gray,  Lewistown,  was  born  in  Morgan  Co.,  O.,  in  1842; 
was  brought  to  this  county  with  his  parents  in  1850;  enlisted  in 
May,  1861,  in  the  17th  111  Inf.,  was  wounded  at  Ft.  Holden,  Ky., 
and  was  finally  promoted  to  the  Captaincy.  In  1867  he  began  the 
study  of  law  with  Col.  Robert  G.  Ingersoll  at  Peoria,  and  two  years 
afterward  was  admitted  to  the  Bar;  in  1870  began  practice  at  Cuba, 
this  county  ;  in  1872  moved  to  Lewistown  and  formed  a  partnership 
with  Judge  Shope.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Legislature  from  this 
county  in  1873-4. 

Frank  B.  Gregory,  State's  Attorney,  Lewistown,  was  educated  at 
Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  and  began  legal  studies  with  Judge  Shope,  of 
Lewistown,  in  1876  ;  two  years  afterward  he  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  and  began  practice  in  this  county. 

John  M.  Heller,  Av(»n  ;  born  at  Cuba,  Fulton  Co.,  in  1847  ;  reared 
and  educated  at  Peoria;  attended  the  St.  Louis  Law  School ;  in  1873 
went  to  Texas;  in  1874  began  the  practice  of  law ;  practiced  his  pro- 


408  HISTORY    OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

fession  in  Kansas  one  year;  and  in  1877  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in 
Illinois. 

N.  S.  Jordan,  of  Bernadotte,  is  one  of  the  pioneer  lawyers  of  Ful- 
ton Co. 

('.  /.  Main  read  law  with  J.  L.  Murphy,  of  Canton,  and  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  Bar  in  April,  1871.  He  \vas  born  in  Ohio.  He  is 
the  present  Police  Magistrate  of  Canton,  and  has  served  that  city 
as  Alderman,  City  Clerk  and  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

Joseph  L.  Murphi/,  Canton,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  ;  came  to 
Fulton  county  when  5  years  of  age  ;  read  law  with  Warren  &  Wheat, 
of  Quincy,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  the  spring  of  1864. 

Hon.  L.  ir.  RosSy  son  of  Ossian  M.  Ross  (the  founder  of  Lew- 
istown),  in  honor  of  whom  the  city  was  named,  was  elected  in  1862 
as  member  of  Congress  from  this  District,  and  served  until  1869. 
During  the  war  with  Mexico  he  raised  the  only  company  that  went 
from  Fulton  county.  He  has  been  an  active  partisan  and  a  strong 
adherent  to  the  principles  advocated  by  the  Democratic  party.  A 
full  sketch  will  be  given  of  Mr.  Ross  as  a  citizen  of  Lewistown. 

R.  B.  Sfcven-'ioii  began  the  studv  of  law  under  the  direction  of 
Judge  Winston  Paul  at  Hillsboro,  O.,  in  1846;  was  admitted  to 
the  Bar  two  years  later,  and  began  the  practice  of  his  profession 
in  his  native  city  ;  in  1854  moved  to  Jackson  Co. ;  was  sent  to  the 
Legislature  in  1857,  and  served  one  term  as  State's  Attorney  in 
Highland  Co.;  became  to  Lewistown  and  associated  himself  with 
Hon.  Lewis  W.  Ross;  in  July,  1879  he  moved  to  Canton. 

Harry  M.  Waggoner,  son  of  D.  .1.  Waggoner,  entered  the  ofl^ce 
of  Shope  &  Gray  in  1876,  began  the  study  of  law,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  Bar  in  December,  1878. 

Arthur  Walker,  of  the  firm  of  Whitney,  Walker  &  Walker,  at- 
torneys. Canton,  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  July  4,  1877. 

Hon.  Meredith  Walker,  Canton,  of  the  law  firm  of  Whitney,  Walker 
&  Walker,  is  a  native  of  that  city,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  July 
19,  1874.  In  1878  he  was  elected  to  the  State  Senate,  and  made  an 
honorable  record  while  a  member  of  that  body. 

Mr.  Whitney,  of  the  law  firm  of  Whitney,  Walker  &  Walker,  but 
recently  located  at  Canton. 

John  S.  Winter  was  born  in  Mason  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1826,  and  is  a 
son  of  John  and  Margaret  (Livingston)  Winter;  was  educated  at 
Miami  University,  Oxford,  O.,  and  began  the  study  of  law  at  Little 
Rock,  Ark.,  in  the  office  of  Albert  Pike  and  Senator  Garland,  of 
thit  State,  and  three  years  later  began  practice.  In  1863  he  moved 
to  Lewistown. 


TOW^^SHIP  HISTORIES. 


ASTORIA  TOWNSHIP. 


The  first  settler  of  Astoria  townsliip  was  Parker  McNeil.  Soon 
after  his  arrival  came  David  McNeil,  his  father,  and  David  McNeil, 
his  brother.  Aft'  r  them  came  the  father  of  Deacon  McNeil.  David 
McNeil  was  the  first  Justice  of  the"Peace,  and  was,  in  alFprobability, 
elected  in  1832.  His  successor  was  Stephen  Merrill,  from  Avhom 
this  sketch  is  obtained.  Before  entering  upon  the  duties  of  his 
office  Esquire  Merrill  proceeded  to  the  cabin  of  Esquire  McNeil  to 
get  the  docket ;  but  much  to  his  astonishment  he  made  the  discovery 
that  no  such  legal  article  existed.  'Squire  McNeil  had  conducted 
the  business  of  the  office  for  some  time  without  a  "docket."  Ac- 
cordingly'Squire  Merrill  went  to  Lewistown,  then  a  small  struggling 
village  of  one  or  two  hundred  inhabitants.  There  he  procured  the 
necessary  documents  and  became  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  all  the 
townships  of  Kerton,  Woodland  and 'Astoria.  Nor  did  he  transact 
an  extensive  business,  for'at  this  time  the  voters  of  these  townships 
numbered  only  twenty-one. 

Among  other  pioneers  of  the  township  were  William  Carter,  Rev. 
Abraham  Brown,  W.  Menton,  Wm.  Tate,  Robert  McLellan,  Thom- 
as Garvin,  Robert  and  Peter  McLaren,  John  Williams,  Miss  Mary 
(Peggy)  McLellan  and  James  Carter.  These  were  the  early  settlers. 
Soon,  however,  others  came  in,  among  them  Jacob  Sharp,  Charles 
Gilbert,  Zachariah  Gilbert,  Franklin  Fackler,  Jacob  Derry,  B.  W. 
Lutz,  S.  P.  Cummiugs  and  Joshua  Matheny.  The  latter  gentle- 
man, we  are  informed,  as  compared  with  the  majority  of  mankind 
was  almost  a  marvel.  He  never  used  liquors,  nor  tobacco,  never 
swore  an  oath  and  never  had  a  lawsuit  or  quarrel  in  his  life,  and  he 
lived  to  the  ripe  old  age  of  sixty-five,  forty  years  of  which  time  he 
was  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  He  was  good,  generous  and 
acted  from  principle.  Could  a  higher  eulogy  be  passed  upon  any 
man? 

The  first  religious  ceremonies  were  held  at  thecabins  of  the  set- 
tlers, and  afterwards  the  people  met  for  divine  worship  at  the  school- 
house  in  the  old  town  of  Washington.  This  building  was  used  for 
a  number  of  years  as  ^the  place  for  holding  religious  services. 
Henry  Summers  was  the  first  preacher  for  this  township.  Peter 
Brown  was  his  successor.  There  are_now  in  the  township,  outside 
of  the  town  of  Astoria,  four  churches. 

In  the  early  days  Astoria  township  was  literally  a  forest,  and  Mr. 
Stephen  Merrill  states  that  a  wagon-load  of  walnuts  could  have  been 


410  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

gathered  where  now  stands  the  business  portion  of  the  town  of  As- 
toria. 

The  first  school-teacher  was,  in  all  probability,  Martin  Fast. 
David  McNeilalso  taught  quite  frequently,  as  also  did  John  McNeil. 
Perhaps  no  settlers  throughout  this  section  were  better  known  in 
pioneer  days  than  the  McNeil  brothers.  No  stranger  came  from 
the  South  or  East  who  did  not  inquire  on  his  arrival  in  Illinois  for 
the  McNeils. 

This  township  was  all  patent  land.  Two  millions  of  acres  through 
this  part  of  Illinois,  known  as  the  Military  Tract,  had  been  deeded 
to  the  soldiers  of  the  war  of  1812.  Accordingly,  when  the  township 
was  settled  much  difficulty  was  experienced  among  actual  settlers  in 
regard  to  procuring  valid  titles.  The  soldiers  who  held  this  laud 
never  realized  the  value  of  their  grants,  and  frequently  sold  them 
for  a  trifle.  Astoria  is  a  full  Congressional  township  and  among  the 
best  in  the  county.  It  produces  wheat  superior  to  any,  and,  indeed, 
as  an  agricultural  district,  is  surpassed  by  few  townships  in  the  State. 

The  legal  voters  of  this  township  were  called  together  at  the 
house  of  A.  T.  Robertson,  on  Tuesday,  April  2,  1850,  for  the  pur- 
pose of  organizing  said  toAvnship  under  an  act  entitled  "  An  act  to 
provide  for  township  and  county  organization,"  approved  Feb.  12, 
1849.  At  this  meeting  Solomon  Lybarger  presided  as  moderator  and 
H.  A.  Brown  was  clerk.  The  following  township  officials  were 
chosen,  being  the  first  of  the  township :  Supervisor,  Robert  Mc- 
Clelland ;  Town  Clerk,  Zachariah  Gilbert;  Assessor,  Michael  En- 
gle ;  Collector,  Jas.  M.  Carlock ;  Overseer  of  the  Poor,  Thomas 
G.  Garvin  ;  Commissioners  of  Highways,  Jesse  Walker,  Cooper 
Farr  and  Elias  Keach ;  Justices  of  the  Peace,  Amos  Hipsley  and 
A.  T.  Robertson;  Constables,  Geo,  W.  Derry  and  Wm.  Walker. 

TOWN    OF    ASTORIA. 

Astoria  may  truly  be  said  to  be  one  of  the  most  flourishing  towns 
in  Central  Illinois,  and  only  few  in  the  State  of  the  same  number  of 
inhabitants  excel  it  in  the  display  of  enterprise.  In  detailing  the 
history  of  Astoria  we  shall  begin  at  a  very  early  date  in  pioneer 
history. 

In  what  is  now  called  McLellan's  addition,  in  the  eastern  por- 
tion of  the  town,  a  small  village  called  Washington  was  laid  out 
in  1 836  by  Robert  McLellau  and  Zachariah  Gilbert,  who  kept  a 
small  store  for  the  sale  of  general  merchandise.  This  hamlet  boasted 
of  two  cabins,  one  blacksmith  shop  and  the  store.  The  cabins  were 
occupied  by  Nathaniel  McLellan,  sr.,  and  Franklin  Fackler.  A 
rude  school-house  also  nestled  among  the  heavv  timber  and  under- 
brash,  where  blackberries  grew  in  such  profusion  during  the  sum- 
mer of  1836  that  wagon  loads  could  easily  have  been  gathered. 
The  berries  when  fully  ripe  presented  the  appearance  of  a  vast  buck- 
wheat field.  Owing  to  the  limited  space  allotted  for  the  village 
here  Zachariah   Gilbert,  Benjamin   Clark  and  a  Mr.  Bacon,  of  St. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  411 

Louis,  in  1837,  moved  a  quarter  of  a  mile  westward,  where  they  laid 
out  the  present  town  of  Astoria.  Mr.  Gilbert  moved  his  store- 
building;  and  located  it  upon  the  site  now  occupied  by  the  store  of 
Lovell  &  Smith,  grocers.  In  a  short  time  the  new  village  boasted 
of  a  postmaster.  This  gentleman  was  a  Dr.  James  Owen,  who  came 
from  Ohio.  The  postoffico  was  kept  in  a  small  frame  building  that 
stood  upon  the  west  side  of  the  square.  This  town  was  more  fortu- 
nate than  most  frontier  towns,  i'or  it  was  on  the  line  of  the  daily 
four-horse  stage-coach  from  Peoria  to  Quincy,  from  1836  till  1843, 
and  was  the  point  at  which  dinner  was  taken. 

The  town  grew  verv  slowlv  for  a  number  of  vears.  Vermont 
was  bitterly  opposed  to  the  infant  village  struggling  for  an  exist- 
ence, and  proved  a  formidable  rival  for  many  years.  The  first  log 
cabin  upon  the  town  site  was  built  by  B.  W.  Lutz.  Zachrriah  Gil- 
bert, as  we  have  before  stated,  erected  the  first  store  building  in  the 
town  of  Washington,  but  at  the  platting  and  organization  of  Asto- 
ria a  Mr.  Morland  erected  the  first  business  building  in  the  town. 
Mr.  Gilbert,  however,  moved  his  store  building  from  Washington  to 
Astoria,  and  on  the  way  carried  on  his  regular  trade.  Jacob  Sharp, 
who  previously  sold  goods  about  a  mile  and  a  half  from  town  on 
the  road  to  the  river,  bought  Morland's  building  and  moved  his 
stock  of  goods  to  Astoria.  John  Bane  built  the  second  store  build- 
ing, in  which  he  kept  a  stock  of  general  merchandise.  He  also  had 
a  tavern,  which,  doubtless,  was  the  first  tavern  opened  in  the  town, 
Wm.  H.  Scripps  came  in  1840  from  Rushville.  His  means  were 
limited  at  that  time,  but  he  rented  a  building  from  Dr.  Owen,  and 
began  his  successful  career  as  a  merchant,  grain-buyer  and  pork- 
packer.  Zachariah  Gilbert  was  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace  after 
each  Congressional  township  had  been  formed  into  an  election  pre- 
cinct. The  first  physicians  were  Drs.  James  and  Carrolton  Owens, 
Dr.  G.  V.  Hopkins,  Dr.  Montgomery  and  Dr.  W^alker. 

Shortly  after  the  town  was  organized  John  Boyd  erected  a  tan- 
nery, and  for  a  number  of  years  carried  on  an  extensive  business. 
Jacob  Derry  was  the  first  cabinet-maker  to  locate  here.  The  first 
preacher  was  a  Rev.  Carter.  The  first  saw  and  grist-mill  was  built 
by  James  Brown.  Mr.  Brown  and  others  ran  it  for  about  twelve 
years,  when  it  fell  into  the  hands  of  H.  L.  Mooneyr  It  was  after- 
wards purchased  by  Cooper  &  Hamson  and  used  as  a  carding-mill. 
This  venture  proved  unsuccessful,  and  the  old  building,  which 
stands  in  the  western  part  of  town,  is  rapidly  going  to  decay. 

Astoria  was  first  named  Vienna,  and  it  went  by  that  name  for 
some  time;  but  on  account  of  another  town  in  the  State  bearing  the 
same  name  it  was  changed  to  Astoria,  in  honor  of  John  Jacob 
Astor.  It  is  not  generally  known,  but  it  is  true,  that  John  Jacob 
Astor,  the  great  fur-trader  and  New  York  millionaire,  was  interested 
in  property  in  this  county.  He  became  the  owner  of  a  quarter-sec- 
tion of  land,  the  site  of  the  present  town  of  Astoria.  Owing  to 
this  fact,  when  the  name  was  changed  from  Vienna,  it  was  called 
Astoria. 


412  HISTORY   OF    FULTOX   COUNTY. 

From  1845  to  1850  some  improvements  were  made  in  the  town 
as  a  result  of  rectifying  the  titles  to  lots  in  the  place,  which  had 
been  a  cause  of  trouble,  and  the  infant  town  suffered  materially  in 
prosperity  up  to  1860.  At  that  time  a  new  vigor  began  to  perme- 
ate every  department  of  business,  and  the  town  steadily  improved 
for  some  time.  It  should  be  mentioned  that  Franklin  Fackler  was 
the  first  blacksmith  of  the  place.  He  was  and  is  well  known  as  one 
of  the^most  generous  of  men  and  a  skillful  mechanic.  The  first 
school  was  organized  in  1838,  and  was  taught  by  John  Fast.  At 
present  [there  is  one  large  graded  school,  M'ith  principal  and  tAvo 
teachers ;  and  owing  to  the  rapid  growth  of  the  town  there  was 
erected  this  year  a  substantial  brick  structure  at  a  cost  of  over 
$2,000.  Prof.  Boyer  is  principal  of  the  schools,  and  John  Palmer 
is  teacher  of  the  grammar  department,  Miss  Rose  Anderson  of 
the  intermediate  department,  and  Miss  Dolly  Kost  of  the  primary. 
The  new  building  is  occupied  by  Miss  Bartholow  and  Miss  Dun- 
can as  teachers.  There  are  four  Churches  in  the  town,  viz  :  Methodist 
Episcopal,  Rev.  J.  G.  Bonnell,  pastor;  Christian,  Elder  Robinson, 
pastor  ;  United  Brethren,  Rev.  Pease,  pastor  ;  German  Reformed.  All 
of  these  congregations  own  good  church  edifices.  Rev.  Isaac  Pool 
was  the  first  Methodist  pastor,  who  also  preached  at  the  school-house 
in  the  old  town  of  AVashington,  as  already  mentioned.  Peter 
Akers  was  the  first  Ellder  in  Methodism  in  this  section.  Peter  Cart- 
wright,  whose  fame  extended  throughout  the  laud,  was  also  an 
Elder  and  frequently  preached  at  the  town  of  Washington. 

Generally  speaking,  Astoria  has  borne  a  good  reputation  as  a  quiet, 
orderly  town,  doubtless  greatly  shielded  by  the  ennobling  influence 
of  her  strong  religious  organizations.  Occasionally,  however,  the 
town  has  been  disgraced  by  a  street  brawl.  In  an  early  day  intox- 
icating liquors  were  freely  dispensed,  but  now  there  is  no  saloon 
here,  thanks  to  the  order-loving  community  who  have  voted  down 
the  hellish   traffic  and   driven  the  liquor-venders  from  their  midst. 

For  a  number  of  years  the  growth  of  the  town  of  Astoria  was 
comparatively  at  a  stand-still,  but  was  not  unlike  all  inland  towns 
having  no  railroad  communications.  In  1870,  as  nearly  as  can  be 
ascertained,  Astoria  contained  a  population  of  350  persons.  At  that 
time  a  railroad'rivalry  existed  between  the  people  of  Rushville  and 
Macomb,  on  one  hand,  and  of  Astoria  and  Bushnell  on  the  other.  A 
proposition  was  set  afloat  for  the  purpose  of  finding  a  suitable  route  for 
the  Rockford,  Rock  Island  &  St.  LouisRailroad.  This  road  had  been 
completed  from  St.  Louis  to  Beardstown,  and  the  projwsition  was  then 
made  by  railroad  officials  to  build  the  road  on  its  present  line,  and 
not  through  Rushville  and  Macomb.  Appeals  were  made  to  the 
citizens  of  Bushnell,  Vermont,  and  other  places  of  less  note  for  aid. 
Vermont,  however,  made  a  desperate  struggle  to  secure  the  road 
and  voted  a  large  sum  of  money  to  it.  It  remained  for  Astoria 
township,  however,  to  decide  the  momentous  question  of  railroad  or 
no  railroad,  and  in  a  short  time  the  magnificent  sum  of  §300,000 


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LIBRARY 

Of  THE 

UNIVERSITY   OF   ILLINOIS, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  415 

was  voted  by  tlie  townships.  Although  certificates  of  stock  were 
issued  by  the  Raih'oad  Company  for  the  bonds,  yet  it  was  generally 
understood  that  the  amount  was  a  donation.  When  the  people  had 
decided  in  flivor  of  the  road,  work  was  immediately  begun,  and  in 
1870  the  road  was  completed. 

This  marked  an  era  in  the  prosperity  of  Astoria.  But  few  busi- 
ness buildings  of  any  note  were  in  the  town  at  that  time,  the  most 
important  being  the  one  built  and  owned  by  George  W.  Kost.  The 
eastern  part  of  the  town,  below  where  Faekler's  wagon  shop  is  sit- 
uated, was  platted  for  town  lots  in  1872,  although  no  residences  had 
been  erected  there.  During  the  fall  of  1870  Nathaniel  McLellan 
laid  out  about  48  acres  in  lots,  which  is  now  known  as  McLellan's 
addition.  In  1874  John  Wolf  laid  oif  an  addition.  In  1877  and 
the  following  year  W.  H.  Scripps  laid  off  about  26  acres  in  town 
lots.  Robert "H.  McLellan  laid  off' the  ''R.  H.  McLellan  addition" 
in  about  1873. 

The  following  is  copied  from  the  town  records  now  in  possession 
of  D.  M.  Stockham,  Clerk  :  "  At  an  election  held  on  Thursday,  Sept. 
15,  1865,  a  vote  was  taken 'for'  or  'against'  town  incorporation; 
the  boundaries  of  said  town  to  include  the  northeast  quarter  of 
sec.  23,  3  N.  and  1  E.  For  incorporation  there  were  46  votes ; 
against  it  7."  The  measure  thus  being  carried,  a  Board  of 
Trustees  were  elected.  They  were  Rutherford  Lane,  John  English, 
B.  C.  Toler,  John  Shannon,  R.  F.  McLaren  and  J.  W.  Green.  Ruth- 
erford Lane  was  chosen  President  and  John  Boyd  Clerk.  The 
Trustees  afterwards,  Oct.  27,  1865,  chose  J.  W.  Shannon  as  their 
President.  The  present  Board  is  composed  of  the  following  gen- 
tlemen :  President,  B.  C.  Toler ;  Clerk,  D.  M.  Stockham  ;  Trustees, 
J.  W.  Green,  W.  H.  Emerson,  H.  C.  Mooney,  T.  M.  Mercer  and 
S.  S.  Chapman. 

The  town  at  present  numbers  about  1,400  inhabitants,  and  is 
rapidly  growing.  The  buildings  of  note  are  W.  H.  Scripps'  bank 
buildiug ;  Dilworth  Carter's  dry-goods  and  hardware  store  and  hall, 
conceded  to  be  one  of  the  finest,  if  not  the  finest,  building  of  the  kind 
in  the  county  ;  Bonnel  Bros.'  drug  house,  Green  &  Cummings'  dry- 
goods  house,  Waggoner  &  Lutz,  hardware,  and  H.  C.  Mooney's  drug 
house, — all  worthy  of  note.  The  following  comprises  a  list  about 
complete  of  the  business  houses  of  the  town  :  There  are  two  lumber 
yards:  Messrs.  Coyner  &  Hettrick  are  the  leading  dealers;  one  grain 
elevator,  owned  by  W.  H.  Scripps ;  two  flouring-mills,  one  owned 
by  Emerson  &  Tanksley,  the  other  by  William  Kost ;  two  saw- 
mills, owned  respectively  by  Moore  Bros.  &  Co.,  and  Oviatt  & 
Robinson ;  one  tile  factory,  run  by  John  B.  Palmer ;  one  planing 
mill,  owned  by  Mr.  Mowery,  one  cabinet  shop,  S.  W.  Hunter, 
proprietor ;  two  carriage  and  wagon  shops,  owned  by  Fackler  Bros., 
and  McDonald  Cox ;  two  harness  shops,  run  by  T.  W.  Price  and 
I  J.  M.  Myers ;  two  hardware  dealers, — Dilworth  Carter  and  Wag- 
[goner  &  Lutz ;  two  jewelry  stores ;  seven  dry-goods  and  general 

26 


416  HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY. 

stores ;  two  groceries ;  one  dentist;  three  millinery  estahlishments; 
two  restaurants  ;  one  photograijhcr  ;  three  hotels;  two  barber  shops ; 
two  livery  stables  ;  three  meat  markets;  one  clothing  store,  etc.,  etc. 
R.  .T.  Nelson  is  the  ])resent  ]>ostniaster.  The  coal  interest  is  one  of 
tlie  most  important  features  of  the  town.  Messrs.  Emerson  &  Skin- 
ner are  proprietors  of  the  leading  mines  worked.  These  gentlemen 
have  done  much  toward  building  up  Astoria.  They  employ  eighty 
men  and  the  annual  shi])nu'ntsare  very  large.  Astoria  has  assumed 
to  be  quite  a  shipping  point  for  cattle,  hogs,  grain,  coal  and  hard- 
wood lumber. 

CHURCHES    AND   SOCIETIES. 

The  Mdhodisf  Ephcopal  Ch\irch. — This  is  one  of  the  oldest 
Churches  in  Fulton  county.  Those  old  pioneer  preachers,  Peter 
Cartwright,  Henry  Summers,  Peter  Brown,  Peter  Akers  and  others 
who  first  found  the  settlers  in  their  cabin  homes,  came  to  the  old 
town  of  Washington,  and  afterwards  to  Astoria,  and  preached  the 
(jospel  to  the  early  pilgrims  in  this  section.  People  came  for  many 
miles  in  those  days  to  hear  the  traveling  preacher,  nor  were  they 
dissatisfied  if  he  preached  one  hour  and  a  half,  or  even  two  hours 
and  a  half,  as  was  often  the  case.  This  congregation  has  one  of  the 
liest  church  edifices  in  the  township.  It  is  located  one  block  north- 
west of  the  square.  The  congregation  is  in  a  prosperous  condition. 
Rev.  G.  J.  Bonnel  is  pastor. 

United  Brethren  in  Christ. — This  Church  was  organized  in  1853 
by  Rev.O.  F.  Smith.  Tiie  building  is  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  town 
and  was  erected  in  187o  under  the  aus))ices  of  Rev.  I.  Valentine: 
size  of  building,  40xr)0  feet.  Present  Pastor,  W.  B.  Shinn  ;  officers 
— Daniel  Hatfner,  Balseer  Lutz,  James  Lutz,  Stephen  Merrill,  Wni. 
Merrill  and  C.  Mathias;  membership,  100;  contribution  per  year, 
•  '1)00;  Sunday-school — number  of  scholars,  80;  Superintendent, 
Henry  Switzer. 

Chri'itian  Church  was  organized  on  the  23d  of  May,  1863,  by 
Elder  Joseph  B.  Royal,  of  Vermont.  At  times  the  congregation 
has  been  (piite  j)rosp(M'ous,  and  at  other  times  its  firm  friends  and 
.•:up])orters  were  only  few.  The  present  nuunbership  is  125.  The 
annual  contribution  is  81,000.  In  1866  the  congregation  had  be- 
come strong  enough  to  erect  a  church  building,  which  they  did  dur- 
ing that  year.  It  is  a  good  frame  structui'c,  3")x()0  i'cvt,  and  is  located 
in  the  western  part  of  the  town.  The  pastor  is  Elder  L.  M.  Robin- 
son. The  Elders  are  \V.  T.  Toler,  (Jeo.  W.  Kost  and  B.  C.  Toler. 
There  is  a  good  Sunday-school  associated  with  this  congregation, 
which  is  under  the  superintendency  of  Stej)hen  Allen,  and  has  an 
average  attendance  of  85  scholars. 

Fre^sbi/feridn  Church. — The  building  in  which  this  congregation 
meets  is  located  in  the  northeast  part  of  town,  and  is  a  frame  30x45 
feet  in  size.  The  Church  was  organized  in  1876  by  Rev.  H.  S. 
Beavis.     The  present  membership  is  33,  and  they  employ  no  pastor 


HISTORY    OF    FTTLTOX    COUNTY.  417 

at  present,  but  contributo  about  ^400  per  year  for  expenses.  The 
officers  are:  Elders — William  Kost,  William  Allen  and  J.  W.  An- 
derson ;  Deacon,  J.  B.  Coyner,  J.  W.  Anderson  is  Superintendent 
of  the  Sunday-school,  which  has  an  average  attendance  of  4g 
scholars. 

3Iaso7iic  Lodge  of  Astoria,  No.  100. — Dispensation  granted  Dec. 
17,  1850,  Samuel  McNeil,  Master ;  chartered  in  1851,  with  the  follow- 
ing members:  Wm.  Kerns,  Wni.  Saxton,  Sam'l  McNeil,  H.  S. 
Jacobs,  DcW.  C.  Allen,  Sam'l  Smith,  D.  G.  Tunnicliff,  C.  B.  Cox, 
J.  H.  Hughes,  Robert  Anderson,  A.  G.  Heron,  G.  V.  Hopkins,  A. 
I.  Fitz  and  John  C.  Fitz.  Present  number  of  members  in  good 
standing,  G4.  W.  ]M.,  J.  W.  Greene;  S.  W.,  T.  W.  Price;  J.  W., 
W.  H.  Emerson  (also  an  efficient  Secretary).  This  is  the  oldest 
lodge  in  Fulton  Co. 

Ancient  Order  of  United  Workrne)i,  organized  Dec.  17,  1850,  with 
a  membership  of  17;  J.  G.  Bound,  P.  M.  W.;  J.  Sollenberger, 
M.  W.  Present  membership  24,  out  of  debt  and  in  a  flourishing 
condition. 

Ancient  Lodge  of  L  0.  0.  F.,  No.  112,  was  chartered  Oct.  15,  1852. 
The  charter  members  were  J.  M.  Hunter,  H.  S.  Jacobs,  T.  J.  Kin- 
ney, Nelson  Howell,  A.  T.  Robertson  and  AVilliam  leader.  The  Lodge 
is  now  in  prosjierous  working  order  and  meets  every  Tuesday  night. 
The  present  membership  numbers  o8.  The  I^odge  room  is  over 
Scripps'  bank.  The  officers  are  W.  W.  Bonnel,  N.  G. ;  T.  G.  Mc- 
L:iren,  V.  G. ;  J.  R.  Sencesich,  Sec'y ;  M.  \j.  Tanksley,  Trcas. 

Globe  Encampment,  No.  11^6. — Connected  with  the  xVstoria  Lodge 
of  Odd  Fellows  is  this  Encampment,  which  was  instituted  Oct.  14, 
1873.  The  charter  members  were  Chas.  Wilson,  W.  O.  Rand, 
Alex.  Bailey,  Joseph  C.  Emerson,  Wm.  A.  McClelland,  Jas.  T.  Mc- 
Neil, James  H  Lindsay,  Thomas  W.  Price  and  Conrad  B.  Moul. 
The  present  officers  are  T.  W.  Price,  C.  P. ;  ^I.  L.  Tanksley,  Scribe. 
It  meets  every  alternate  Tuesday  night. 

Personal  Sketches. — We  would  mention  personally  those  citizens 
who  have  been  and  are  m;d<ing  the  history  of  Astoria  town- 
ship and  town.  The  men  and  women  who  have  developed  the 
great  resources  of  the  townshi|)  rightfully,  deserve  a  place  in  its 
local  history.  From  a  forest  they  have  made  fine  farms.  They 
have  dotted  it  over  with  fine  churches  and  school-houses,  and  have 
raised  a  flourishing  town  where  once  stood  a  forest  filled  with  wild 
beasts.  This  people  have  wrought  these  vast  changes  during  a  half 
century,  and  now  they  not  only  are  utilizing  the  magnificent  timber 
that  borders  the  streams  of  the  township,  and  are  cultivating  the 
various  cereals  of  this  latitude,  but  are  delving  into  the  bowels  of 
the  earth,  and  from  her  vast  mines  of  the  best  coal  found  in  the 
State  are  bringing  to  the  surface  and  shipping  all  over  this  part  of 
the  country  thousands  of  tons.  The  coal  and  hard-wood  timber  sup- 
ply of  this  township  is  inexhaustible. 


418  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

We  give  below  personal  sketches  of  almost  all  of  the  leading  citi- 
zens and  old  settlers  of  the  township. 

Antiel  Aniri)H\  fanner,  see.  G;  P.O.,  Vermont.  Ansel  Amrine 
is  a  native  of  Fulton  Co.,  where  he  was  born  in  1855.  His  father, 
Milton  Amrine,  a  prominent  man  of  Vermont,  is  well  and  fiwor- 
ably  known.  Ansel  grew  to  manhood  in  McDonough  and  Fulton 
counties  and  received  a  good  education.  With  the  exception  of  a 
short  residence  in  Texas,  where  he  embarked  in  cattle  speculation, 
he  has  made  his  home  in  Illinois.  March  27,  1879,  he  was  married 
to  Miss  Wyllie  Hamer,  daughter  of  Col.  Thomas  Hamer,  of  Ver- 
mont. 

John  W.  Anderson,  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  teacher,  is  a  native 
of  Fulton  Co.,  and  was  born  in  the  year  1842.  He  is  a  son  of 
John  G.  Anderson,  who  is  well  known  in  this  portion  of  Fulton 
Co.,  was  born  in  Kentucky  in  1815,  and  in  1835  came  to  Fulton 
Co.,  where  he  purchased  farm  property.  Our  subject  remained  upon 
the  farm  homestead  until  he  attained  his  14th  year,  when  he  accom- 
panied his  parents  to  Wapello,  Iowa,  where  he  was  liberally  edu- 
cated, and  for  a  period  of  10  years  was  a  teacher  in  the  public 
schools.  He  finished  his  education  at  Howe's  Xormal  School,  Mt. 
Pleasant,  Iowa.  He  then  embarked  in  business  with  J.  H.  Coulter 
in  the  boot  and  shoe  trade.  At  the  end  of  one  year  he  retired  from 
this  business  and  began  firming.  In  18H8  he  was  united  in  marri- 
age with  Miss  Lizzie,  daughter  of  Franklin  Fackler.  One  year  ago 
Mr.  A.  became  a  ])ermanent  resident  of  Astoria,  and  embarked  in 
business  with  Samuel  and  Thomas  Fackler,  dealing  in  farming 
im]>lements.  He  was  soon  chosen  principal  of  the  })ublic  schools 
of  the  town.  He  has  held  numerous  local  offices  here,  and  while  a 
resident  of  Iowa  was  nominated  for  a  seat  in  the  Legislature  and 
defeated  bv  onlv  a  small  maioritv.  Charles  and  Harrv  are  children 
born  of  the  marriage  above  referred  to. 

B.  Bell  Andrews,  physician,  located  in  Astoria  4  years  ago,  where 
he  built  up  a  large  ]>ractice.  He  was  born  in  Ireland  in  1841.  His 
father,  Henry  Andrews,  was  a  Captain  of  Scottish  Dragoons,  was 
born  in  Scotland,  where  he  married  Miss  Martha  Bell.  In  1848, 
while  in  command  of  the  arsenal  in  the  city  of  Galloway,  he  favored 
the  insurrectionists  and  in  consequence  was  com])elled  to  cross  the 
ocean  with  his  familv  for  America.  Dr.  A.  jrniduated  at  Dela- 
ware,  Ohio,  Literary  College  and  then  entered  the  printing  establish- 
ment of  Harpel  Bros.,  Cincinnati,  where  he  soon  became  foreman. 
In  18(54  he  l)egan  the  study  ol'  medicine  and  in  'G7  graduated  at 
Starling  Medical  College,  Ohio,  and  received  an  ad  eundoit  degree 
from  the  Eclectic  Medical  College,  Philadelphia,  and  in  1878  Hahne- 
mann College  of  Chicago  conferred  uj)on  him  the  degree  of  M.  D. 
In  1867  he  moved  to  Vicksburg  and  was  appointed  by  Gen.  O.  O. 
Howard  assistant  physician  of  Burea  Hospital.  He  then  went  to 
.lacksonville,  III.,  and  was  appointed  an  instructor  of  printing  and 
idiomatic  construction  of  sentences.     While  there  he  married  Miss 


HISTORY   OF   FULTOX   COUNTY.  419 

Olive  Sealcy.     He  went  to  Carrollton  and  became  a  public  lecturer, 
and  finally  came  here. 

Astoria  Tile  Works,  Messrs.  J.  B.  Palmer  and  W.  C.  Holland, 
proprietors.  This  is  a  new  feature  of  business  in  this  flourishing 
town,  but  we  feel  will  prove  a  most  valuable  one.  The  clay  used  is 
of  a  superior  quality  and  the  machinery  of  the  most  modern  make. 
One  kiln  is  now  in  use  and  others  will  undoubtedly  be  needed. 
They  now  have  a  capacity  of  8,000  tiling  per  day.  AVe  will  say  a 
few  words  of  a  biographical  nature  in  reference  to  the  firm : 

J.  B.  Palmer  was  born  in  Brooke  Co.,  W.  Va.,  in  1837,  and  in 
1853  located  near  Astoria.  When  the  late  war  broke  out  he  enlisted 
in  Co.  H,  85th  111.,  and  participated  in  many  important  battles,  as 
Perry  ville.  Savannah,  etc.  At  the  close  of  the  war  Mr.  P.  returned 
to  Astoria,  where  he  has  since  resided.  In  1860  he  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Miss  Mary  ISIcLaren,  of  Astoria,  who  has  become 
the  mother  of  4  children.  He  is  the  veteran  school-teacher  of 
South  Fulton. 

W.  C  Holland,  who  may  be  regarded  as  an  old  settler  of  this 
county,  was  born  in  Smith  Co.,  Tenn.,  May  7,  1820.  Growing  to 
manhood  in  his  native  State  he  received  a  good  common-school  edu- 
cation. In  1845  he  came  to  Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  where  he  learned 
the  carpenter  trade  and  where  he  married  Miss  Margaret  Kelly, 
daughter  of  William  Kelly,  of  Tennessee.  She  bore  him  two  chil- 
dren. For  a  number  of  years  prior  to  his  present  venture  Mr. 
Holland  followed  farming. 

John  C.  Aten,  agriculturist;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  is  one  of  a  numerous  family  of  Virginians,  whom  we 
mention  elsewhere.  John  Mas  joined  in  matrimony  with  Mary 
J.  Hall,  daughter  of  Robert  llall,  in  Western  Pennsylvania. 
John  came  to  Illinois  in  1855,  and  since  his  arrival  here  has  be- 
come quite  prosperous,  and  is  the  owner  of  a  fine  farm.  There 
were  born  of  the  marriage  referred  to  9  children,  only  4  of  whom 
are  living, — Xancy  A.,  John  C,  Wm.  II.  and  Elizabeth.  Mr.  A. 
has  held  many  offices,  among  them  Lieut.  Col.  of  Militia ;  Aid  to 
the  Governor  with  rank  of  Colonel ;  Justice  of^  the  Peace ;  Con- 
stable;  Deputy  Sheriff  and  School  Director. 

Richard  Aten  settled  in  Fulton  Co.  nearly  forty  years  ago,  and 
is  therefore  a  pioneer.  He  was  born  in  Hancock,  W.  Va.,  June 
2,  1815,  and  was  the  son  of  William  and  Jane  (Anderson)  Aten, 
and  was  the  third  of  a  family  of  7  children.  Growing  to  manhood 
in  Virginia  he  was  there  married  to  Miss  Ann  Peterson.  In  1840 
he  set  out  for  Illinois,  and  in  due  time  arrived  at  Astoria.  In 
1838,  previous  to  his  marriage,  he  had  purchased  land  here,  and  2 
years  later  moved  into  a  rough  log  house  without  windows,  and  a 
fire-place  partly  built  occupied  one  corner  of  the  cal)in.  Mr.  A., 
who  had  been  used  to  civilization,  necessarily  had  to  put  uj)  with 
manv  inconveniences  in  his  Western  home  for  a  number  of  vears. 
His  nearest  neighbors  it  might  be  said  were  snakes  and  salamanders, 


420  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

which  crept  beneath  the  cabin,  over,  around  and  in  it.  On  one 
occasion  Mrs.  A.  was  greatly  frightened  by  the  dropping  of  a  huge 
ratth'-snake  upon  the  floor,  narrowly  missing  her  head  in  its  descent. 
Long  years  have  passed  since  then,  but  those  early  cabin  days  are 
fresh  in  the  memory  of  these  pioneers.  They  have  4  children, — 
Henry  J.,  who  resides  at  Quincy  ;  John  lives  in  Astoria  township; 
Cornelius  and  Lucinda. 

Thomas  B.  Atkinson,  dentist,  is  a  native  of  West  Virginia,  w^here 
he  was  born  April  3,  1838.  Until  his  twenty-first  year  he  resided 
in  Virginia  and  Ohio,  where  he  received  a  lil)eral  etlucation.  Dur- 
ing the  war  he  proceeded  to  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  and  turned  his  atten- 
tion to  his  present  profession.  In  1804  he  settled  in  Rushville  and 
subsequently  went  to  Iowa.  In  18G7  he  came  to  Astoria,  and  has 
since  been  prominently  iilentified  with  the  interests  of  the  town. 
He  has  succeeded  in  building  up  a  large  practice.  In  1861  he  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Miss  E.  J.  Gambel,  by  whom  he  has  4 
children, — John,  Charley,  Mabel  and  Ada. 

Androi-  J.  Bates,  farmer,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  Vermont.  This  gentle- 
man ^settled  ,in  Vermont  tp.,  Fulton  Co.,  April  1,  1854.  He  was 
born  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  June  2,  1825.  His  fother,  Daniel 
Bates,  was  a  native  of  the  same  State,  and  devoted  the  principal 
part  of  his  life  to  mercantile  ])ursuits;  he  married  Miss  Susannah 
Bechtel.  Of  the  10  children  she  bore,  Andrew  was  the  seventh. 
Our  subject  learned  the  wagon-maker's  trade,  and  worked  at  that 
employment  for  a  number  of  years.  While  a  resident  of  Pennsyl- 
vania he  was  married  to  Miss  Eliza  J.  McGuire.  Mr.  B.  enlisted 
as  a  private  in  Co.  E,  2d  Pa.  A'^ol.,  to  engage  in  the  war  with  Mexico. 
He  participated  in  the  noted  battle  of  Vera  Cruz.  At  the  Cerro 
Gordo  fight  he  remained  under  fire  about  13  hours.  He  was  in  the 
noted  engagements  of  Contreras  and  Churubusco.  At  the  storm- 
ing of  the  city  of  Mexico  he  disj)layed  no  ordinary  courage ;  once 
severely  wounded  he  again  and  again  refused  to  retire  from  the 
field  until  a  minie  ball,  s[»ed  on  its  deadly  mission,  buried  itself  in 
his  right  limb  and  he  sank  to  the  ground.  To-day  he  carries  battle- 
scars  received  in  Uncle  Sam's  service,  but  receives  no  pension  and 
declines  any.  He  has  5  children, — 4  boys  and  one  1  girl.  Mrs. 
Bates  passed  away  in  1876,  and  her  remains  laid  at  rest  in  Ver- 
mont cemetery. 

Levi  BIkIji/,  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  Levi  Bisby  is  a 
native  of  Maryland,  where  he  was  born  in  1835.  Of  his  parents 
but  little  is  now  remembered,  as  they  passed  away  many  years  ago. 
Levi,  while  an  infant,  was  adoi)ted  by  a  family  that  lived  in  Ohio, 
and  there  he  remained  until  he  had  attained  his  tenth  year,  when 
he  accompanied  his  guardian,  Andrew  Fry,  to  Astoria  township. 
Young  Bisby  liad  the  advantages  of  a  good  common-school  education 
and  grew  to  mature  years  of  manhood  upon  a  farm.  In  1860  he 
was  married  to  a  daughter  of  John  Aten,  Miss  Nancy  A.,  who  has 
become  the  mother  of  9  children, — Bell,  Emma  A.,  Sarah,  Ella, 
Ettie,  Lucetta,  Alta  M.    and  John  W.,  and  an  infant. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  421 

Benjamin  Bolcn,  farmer,  sec.  8 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  born  in  Maryland,  Feb.  lo,  1806,  and  is  the  son  of 
Jolm  Bolcn,  native  ol"  the  same  State,  where  he  grew  to  manhood 
and  married  Miss  Jane  Hood,  by  whom  he  raised  a  family  of  5 
children.  Benjamin,  the  only  son,  grew  up  in  Pennsylvania  where 
his  parents  settled  in  1806.  In  youth  he  learned  the  carpenter's 
trade  and  for  some  time  followed  this  calling.  In  1833  he  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Marv  McC'ormick,  daughter  of  Booth 
McCormick.  In  1834  Mr.  B.  cast  his  lot  among  the  residents  of 
Illinois,  settling  in  Astoria  township,  where  he  has  since  resided. 
When  the  war  broke  out  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  85th  III.  Inf.,  and 
after  a  service  of  one  year  was  honorably  discharged  and  returned  to 
his  old  home.  A  short  time  after  the  enlistment  of  Mr.  B.  his 
second  son,  John  Irvin,  turned  from  the  peaceful  farm  life  to  the 
battle-field  and  eventually  laid  down  his  life  for  his  country.  They 
have  5  children, — Matilda,  Siirah  J.,  Phoebe  J.,  William  and  Irvin. 

Rev.  J.  G.  Bonucl,  pastor  of  the  M.  E.  church,  was  born  in  Bata- 
via,  Clermont  county,  Ohio,  in  January,  1843.  In  1850  he  accom- 
panied his  parents,  Henrv  and  Amelia  Bonnel,  to  Griggsville,  111., 
where,  when  Joseph  attained  his  twentieth  year  of  age,  he  deter- 
mined to  devote  his  time  to  the  ministry,  and  accordingly  proceeded 
to  Evanston,  111.,  where  he  entered  the  Theological  Institute;  he 
was  admitted  to  the  111.  Conference  in  1869,  and  was  appointed  to 
preach.  In  1873  he  was  ordained  minister  and  entered  upon  his 
ministerial  duties  in  the  town  of  Barry,  111.,  where  he  labored  for 
two  years,  then  came  to  Astoria.  During  1874  he  entered  in  part- 
nership with  W.  li.  Bonnel  in  the  drug  business,  and  in  1877  they 
completed  their  present  commodious  and  handsome  brick  building. 
In  1875  he  built  one  of  the  best  residences  of  Astoria. 

William  W.  Bonnel,  physician  and  surgeon,  was  born  in  Clermont 
county,  Ohio,  Dec.  23,  1835.  His  father,  Henry  Bonnel,  was  by 
trade  a  saddler  and  harness-maker,  who  moved  to  Griggsville,  Pike 
Co.,  111.,  in  1850,  and.  there  our  subject  began  the  study  of  medicine 
under  Dr.  J.  B.  Ensey,  an^l  at  the  expiration  of  three  years  spent  at 
Rush  Medical  College,  Chicago,  he  graduated  with  high  honors. 
He  first  began  to  practice  at  Naples,  111.,  and  while  residing  there 
he  united  his  fortunes  with  Miss  Jane  E.  Smith,  daughter  of  the 
Hon.  Dennis  Smith,  of  Carthage.  Moving  to  Clayton  he  remained 
until  1865,  when  he  located  at  his  old  home  in  Griggsville,  where 
his  merits  as  a  physician  gained  for  him  a  large  practice;  thence  to 
Clayton,  and  to  Astoria  in  1873.  Of  the  marriage  with  Miss  Smith 
3  children  were  born,  two  of  whom  are  living, — Lizzie  and  May. 

Benjamin  F.  Bowman,  liveryman.  Mr.  B.  has  for  many  years 
been  engaged  in  this  calling  and  has  met  with  success.  Although 
comparatively  a  stranger  in  Astoria,  he  has  proven  his  enterprising 
spirit  to  the  people.  He  came  to  Astoria  in  the  autumn  of  last 
year  and  refitted  the  old  City  Hotel,  and  secured  a  good  patronage. 
This   he   recently   abandoned.     He   contemplates  erecting    a    large 


422  HISTORY    OF    PX'LTON    COUNTY. 

modernly  fitted  hotel  here.  In  Aug.,  1877,  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Marv  Moon,  a  daughter  of  Asa  Moon,  of  Dallas 
City,  111. 

John  Boyd  became  a  resident  of  this  county  in  1840.  He  was 
born  in  North  Carolina  in  1812.  His  father,  James  Boyd,  married 
Miss  Rachel  Danley,  who  bore  him  6  children,  of  whom  John  was 
the  second.  He  grew  up  in  his  native  State  and  learned  the  trade 
of  a  tanner,  and  before  attaining  his  20th  year  was  married  to  j\Iiss 
Margaret  Henderson;  two  years  later  he  started  for  Illinois,  and 
during  the  summer  of  '35  remained  in  Indiana,  and  in  the  autumn 
came  to  Illinois  and  located  at  Rushville  and  opened  a  tannery ;  at 
the  end  of  5  years  he  settled  just  west  of  Astoria  and  erected  a 
tannery,  where  he  continued  in  business  many  years.  Of  the  mar- 
riage of  Mr,  and  Mrs.  B.  7  children  are  living, — James,  John  H., 
William  F.,  Richardson  W.,  Nancy  J.,  Rachel  M.  and  Mary  E. 
After  retiring  from  the  tannery  he  entered  actively  into  general  mer- 
cantile business;  next  he  tried  the  hardware  trade.  The  latter 
years  of  his  life  have  been  devoted  to  farming.  He  has  held  many 
local  offices.  In  1857  or  '58  he  was  appointed  Postmaster,  and  for 
14  years  was  School  Treasurer  and  Trustee,  and  has  been  Supervisor. 

jR.  W.  Boyd,  farmer.  The  gentleman  here  named  is  the  young- 
est son  of  John  Boyd,  a  pioneer  of  this  county.  He  was  born  in 
Astoria  in  1843;  grew  up  amid  pioneer  associations  and  received  a 
good  common-school  education.  In  April,  1869,  he  was  married  to 
Miss  Anna  B.  English,  daughter  of  John  English,  the  well-known 
boot  and  shoe  dealer  of  Astoria. 

Aiaos  Brlcker,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  36 ;  P.  C,  Astoria ; 
was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1817.  His  father,  John  Bricker,  a 
farmer  by  occupation,  married  Miss  Delia  Warner.  Amos  was  the 
second  of  7  children  born  to  them.  He  grew  up  and  followed 
farming,  although  for  a  number  of  years  he  was  employed  in  a  dis- 
tillery. In  1839  Miss  Sarah  Wantze  became  his  wife,  and  has 
borne  him  7  children.  In  1855  he  came  to  Astoria,  thence  to  Wood- 
land tp.,  and  in  1856  settled  in  Pleasant.'  In  1864  Mrs  B.  was  laid 
at  rest  in  the  Dunkard  Cemetery,  Woodland  tp.  In  1868  Mr.  B. 
married  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Wyand.  There  was  born  of  this  marriage 
one  child,  Katie.  While  residing  in  Pleasant  tp.  Mr.  B.  held  many 
of  the  local  offices.  He  is  well  known  as  an  honorable  farmer  and 
business  man. 

/.  L.  Brown,  farmer,  sec.  30;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  Jackson  L.  Brown, 
for  the  past  36  years  a  resident  of  Fulton  county,  is  a  native  of 
Ohio,  where  he  was  born  in  1823,  and  passed  his  boyhood  and 
youth  in  Harrison  county.  In  his  twentieth  year  he  made  his  way 
to  Illinois,  stopping  at  Sharpc's  Landing.  From  there  he  went  to 
Farmer's  township  and  became  employed  as  a  farm  hand.  In  1849 
he  united  his  fortunes  with  those  of  Miss  Nancy  Grewel.  This 
marriage  resulted  in  10  children, — Nancy  J.,  John  H.,  Rebecca, 
Geo.  W.,  Mary  Ann,  Cevilla,  Rachel,  Andrew  J.,  Nellie  E.  and 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  423 

Nannie  B.  In  1848  he  made  his  first  purchase  of  land  in  this  town- 
ship, and  now  owns  some  300  acres  of  fine  kind.  In  1852  he 
crossed  the  plains  to  California'and  remained  for  3  years.   • 

Conrod  Bi/ers,  farmer,  sec.  34 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  The  gentleman 
here  named  is  a  native  of  Germany,  where  he  was  born  in  Novem- 
ber, 1833.  Growing  to  manhood  in  the  Fatherland,  he  engaged 
in  farming.  At  the  age  of  22  he  crossed  the  ocean,  landing  at 
Baltimore.  Shortly  afterwards  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Mary  M.  Eberhardt,  by  whom  he  has  3  children, — Edward  C,  Ida 
E.  and  Josephine.  Ten  years  ago  he  located  at  Decatur,  111.,' and 
two  years  later  came  to  Fulton  county. 

Jesse  Carnahcm,  farmer,  living  upon  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Vermont, 
He  settled  in  Fulton  county  in  1846,  and  very  little  improvement 
was  manifest  in  his  neighborhood.  Mr.  C.  is  a  native  of  Virginia, 
where  he  was  born  March  19,  1814;  his  father,  Jesse! Carnahan, 
was  a  farmer  by  occupation,  and  while  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812 
perished  at  the  hands  of  the  red  men.  Jesse,  jr.,  passed  hivS  early 
days  in  Virginia,  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Me- 
linda  Wilcoxen,  daughter  of  Fielder  AVilcoxen,  a  native  of  Mary- 
land, who  also  perished  near  Sandusky  in  the  war  of  1812.  Mrs.  C. 
died  in  Nov.,  1877,  and  was  laid  at  rest  in  the  Vermont.cemetery. 
Five  children  blessed  their  union, — William,  James,  Margaret,  Mary 
and  Fielder.     Mr.  C.  has  held  many  of  the  local  offices. 

DUworth  Carter,  merchant.  Mr.  Carter  ranks  among  the  loading 
merchants  of  Fulton  county.  He  was  born  in  Delaw^are  Co.,  Pa.,  in 
1836,  and  is  the  eldest  of  a  family  of  21  children.  By  occupation 
his  father,  Amos  Carter,  was  a  farmer  in  Penn.,  where  he  married 
Miss  Ann  Mershon,  Amo;ig  the  rugged  hills  of  the  Keystone 
State  Dilworth  Carter  passed  the  morning  of  life,  and  became  ap- 
prenticed to  learn  the  trades  of  the  stone  and  brick-mason,  and  be- 
came an  adept  at  these  callings.  In  1857  he  concluded  he  would 
try  a  new  field  of  labor  and  selected  Vermont,  this  county,  as  the 
place.  There  he  became  employed  as  a  clerk  by  Joab  Mershon, 
the  prominent  banjcer  and  merchant  of  that  place.  He  soon  re- 
turned to  his  trade,  and  in  1859  located  at  Beardstown  and  erected 
the  well-known  Park  House,  an  extensive  grain  ware-house  and 
other  buildings.  He  then  proceeded  to  Mason  Co.  and  began  his 
mercantile  career,  although  this  particular  venture  proved  unsuccess- 
ful. He  then  went  to  Bluff  City,  Schuyler  Co.,  and  erected  a  store- 
house and  opened  a  stock  of  goods,  and  met  with  unusual  success  in 
handling  cooper's  stock.  During  the  autumn  of  1865  he  came  to 
Astoria  and  formed  a  partnership  with  J.  C.  Lutz  in  the  hardware 
trade,  and  the  following  year  purchased  his  interest.  Since  then 
he  has  succeeded  well  as  a  business  man.  In  1876  he  added  to  the 
attractiveness  of  Astoria  by  the  erection  of  a  fine  store  building  and 
public  hall.  This  is  a  model  building  and  contains  two  of  the  finest 
store-rooms  in  Central  Illinois.  In  one  department  he  has  a  large 
stock  of  dry  goods,  and  a  fine  line  of  hardware  in  the  other.     In  1869 


424  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

he  built  his  fine  residence.  In  1861,  Oct.  31,  he  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Miss  E.  Branson  of  Pleasant  township,  this  county. 
Five  children  have  been  born  to  them,  three  of  whom  are  living, — 
Nanv  D.,  P^stella  and  Irviny,'. 

B.  G.  Carter,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  see.  14 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria. 
Rutherford  G.  Carter  was  born  Oct.  11,  1827,  in  Kentucky;  in 
1829  his  parents  came  to  Illinois  and  settled  in  Seiiuyler  Co.  They 
remained  only  two  years  there  when  they  came  to  Fulton  Co.  Here 
Mr.  C.  grew  to  mature  years,  having  for  his  pioneer  associates  many 
who  are  now  prominent  farmers  and  business  men.  In  1855  he 
was  united  in  marriage  with  INIiss  Sarah  Ann  Hudnall,  daughter  of 
Wm.  T.  Hudnall,  a  well-known  resident  of  xVstoria  tp.  They  have 
6  ciiildren — Gertrude,  James  S.,  Sarah  E.,  Frank  G.,  Henry  H. 
and  Mary  E,  In  1852  Mr.  C.  crossed  the  plains  to  California, 
where  he  remained  about  two  vears.  In  1847  he  enlisted  to  serve 
against  the  Mexicans  in  an  independent  company  from  Rushville. 
For  nearly  a  year  and  a  half  he  remained  in  Mexico. 

W.  B.  Carter. — Among  the  pioneers  of  this  county,  and  among 
those  hardy  spirits  who  have  grown  with  the  development  of  the 
State,  is  our  subject.  He  was  born  in  Monroe  Co.,  Ky.,  June  13, 
1822;  his  father,  William  Carter,  dissatisfied  with  his  condition  in 
life  in  Kentu(ds:y,  and  no  doubt  hearing  many  glowing  accounts  of 
Illinois,  determined  to  make  this  his  home.  During  the  autumn  of 
1829  he  moved  into  Schuvler  Co.,  where  he  remained  but  a  short 
time.  Then  he  came  to  this  township,  where  he  purchased  farm 
property  and  settled  dow^n  in  the  routine  of  farm  life.  He  is  still 
living  and  a  resident  of  Woodland  tp.  William  learned  the  trade 
of  blacksmithing  and  for  a  number  of  years  fi>llowed  this  calling. 
He  well  remembers  the  old  town  of  Washington,  containing  a  store, 
perhaps  two,  and  a  school-house.  Mr.  C.  remembers  the  site  of 
Astoria  as  heavily  timbered.  A  forest  covered  the  site  of  the 
future  city;  and  where  the  public  square  now  is,  Daniel  Heffner 
and  Charles  Gearing  cut  the  street  through  for  what  is  now  Broad- 
way. Years  have  flown  by  since  then,  and  W.  Carter  has  long  since 
passed  the  morning  and  noon  of  life;  l)ut  the  early  scenes  of  West- 
ern life  are  still  j)ictured  on  his  memory.  In  184()  he  was  united 
in  marriage  with  Lovina  Curran,  daughter  of  AVm.  Curran,  who 
settled  in  Fulton  Co,  in  1835.  They  were  blessed  with  10  children, 
5  of  whom  are  living — Lucy  A.,  Helen  P.,  W.  J.,  John  L.  and  . 
George  C. 

William  Cissel,  a  leading  farmer  of  this  township  and  county,  is 
a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  where  he  was  born  in  1832.  He  grew 
to  manhood  in  that  State,  followed  farming  and  learned  the  trade  of 
a  carjx'ntor.  In  1852  he  came  West,  settling  in  Astoria  township, 
and  shortly  afterward]  purchased  land.  In  1855  he  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Miss  Anna  Sehisler,  who  is  the  mother  of  4  children 
— Sarah  J.,  Angeline,  ^Nlary  and  William.  Mr.  C.  is  one  of  those 
enterprising,  go-ahead  farmers  who  wastes  no  time  in  idleness  and  is 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  425 

to-dav  a  representative  of  his  class,  and  owns  over  400  acres  of 
valuable  land. 

Charles  C.'mdddcJc,  retired  farmer,  was  born  in  Jeiferson  Co.,  O., 
Oct.  13,  1814.  His  father  was  John  Chaddoek,  who  followed  ftiriu- 
ing  as  a  life  vocation.  Charles  passed  his  cliihlhood  and  youth  and 
grew  to  manhood  in  Ohio,  where  he  received  a  good  common-school 
education.  In  1836  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Anna 
Barkhurst,  a  native  of  Ohio.  One  vear  later  he  determined  to 
come  further  west  and  accordingly  located  in  Woodland  tj).,  where 
he  purchased  an  eighty-acre  tract  of  land  and  subsequently  increased 
his  lands  to  400  acres.  This  he  brought  from  a  wilderness  to  a 
high  state  of  cultivation.  Mr.  C.  has  labored  hard  upon  the 
prairies  of  Illinois  and  owes  his  present  prosperity  to  his  persistent 
hard  work.  Mrs.  C.  died  in  18()4  and  was  laid  at  rest  in  Sunimum 
Cemetery.  In  1807  he  was  married  to  Mrs,  Prudence  Gay,  daughter 
of  Levi  Sparks,  of  Ohio,  and  widow  of  Chas.  Gay,  a  former  mer- 
chant of  Astoria,  who  died  in  1856.  Mr.  C.  with  almost  unparal- 
leled generositv  donated  the  Quiucy,  111.,  College  the  magnificent 
sum  of  $24,000. 

S.  S.  Chapman.  Sidney  Smith  Chapman  was  born  near  the  mouth 
of  Black  river  on  Lake  Erie,  in  the  vicinity  of  Amherst,  Ohio,  Nov. 
12,  1827,  and  is  the  son  of  Jacob  Kimble  and  Julia  (Griffith) 
Chapman.  The  great-grandfatlier  of  Jacob  K.  was  Beujamin  Chap- 
man, who  lived  in  England.  He  had  3  sons:  Benjamin,  jr.,  James 
and  John.  They  left  their  father  and  went  to  ditferent  countries  in 
Europe.  The  first  named  went  to  France,  James  went  to  Ireland 
and  John  to  Scotland.  At  an  advanced  age  Benjamin,  sr.,  died, 
leaving  a  large  fortune  to  his  sons.  Bejijamin,  jr.,  was  informed  of 
this  fact,  and  before  he  returned  from  France  the  entire  estate  had 
been  confiscated  by  the  English  Government.  Benjamin  then  came 
to  the  U.  S.  and  huided  in  South  Carolina.  After  this  James  re- 
turned from.  Ireland,  and  John  came  some  years  later  to  the 
U.  S.  and  stopped  near  Salem,  >Mass.,  and  was  there  during  the 
period  of  the  witchcraft  and  persecution.  John  had  13  children,  of 
whom  Isaac  and  Adam,  the  youngest,  are  the  only  ones  now 
remembered.  Adam  3  years  ago  lived  in  Ohio  at  the  age  of  95, 
Isaac,  the  grandfather  of  Sidney  S.,  had  5  sons  and  3  daughters,  Uriah, 
Elenius,  Daniel,  Isaac  and  Jacob,  twins,  Roxy,  Olive  and  Rebecca. 
Daniel  now  lives  in  Pawnee  Co.,  Kansas,  at  the  age  of  84  years. 
Jacob  K.,  the  last  mentioned,  was  the  father  of  our  subject,  and 
was  born  in  New  York  in  1803.  Isaac,  sr.,  moved  from  Mass.  to 
Cataraugus  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where  Uriah  and  Daniel  married  ;  the  former 
had  one  son  named  Elenius,  and  died  ;  his  widow  now  lives  in  N.  Y. 
Elenius,  sr.,  died  in  N.  Y.,  and  Daniel,  Isaac  and  Jacob  K.  moved 
to  Ohio,  where  the  latter  married  in  1825  or  '26,  and  went  to  farm- 
ing. In  the  spring  of  1832  or  '33  he  took  ids  car|)et-sack  upon  his 
back  and  started  on  foot  and  alone  through  the  thick  forests  of  Ohio 
and  Ind.,  and  came  to  Ft.  Dearborn,  now  Chicago.  He  rested  there  2 


426  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

days  and  proceeded  to  Jackson  Co.,  Mo.  He  remained  there  6  weeks, 
when  he  started  back  the  same  road  he  went  and  reached  his  home 
in  the  fall,  after  traveling  1,400  miles.  In  the  spring  of  1838  he 
started  with  his  family  to  Illinois,  but  stopped  in  Ind.  until  1839, 
when  he  again  started  and  finallv  landed  in  Hancock  Co.,  111.,  in 
1840  or  '41.  In  1845  his  wife  died,  and  in  1846  he  moved  to  Wis- 
consin, and  in  '47  to  Ohio,  and  in  1854  to  Macomb,  111.,  where  he 
lived  one  year,  when  he  again  returned  to  "Wis.,  and  in  '68  to  Ohio, 
where,  Jan.  15,  1870,  in  Claridon,  he  died.  His  children  were  Sidney, 
Franklin,  Ali)ert  B.,  Corydon  C,  Willard  D.,  Orson,  Barbara  and 
and  Sarah :  all  are  living  save  Willard,  who  was  killed  in  the 
Rebellion.  Our  subject's  grandparents  on  his  mother's  side  were 
Germans. 

S.  S.  remained  in  Ohio  until  he  was  10  years  old,  when  he  came 
to  Illinois  with  his  parents.  When  they  went  to  Wisconsin  he  was 
sick  with  the  "chills"  and  did  not  go.  In  Aug.,  1845,  he  went  to 
Macomb,  where  with  the  exception  of  a  season  upon  a  farm  a  few 
miles  east  of  that  city  and  one  year  at  Bardolph  in  the  same  county, 
he  lived  till  1868.  On  Xov.  3  of  that  year  he  moved  to  Vermont, 
this  county,  and  in  1872  to  Chicago,  and  returned  to  this  county, 
locating  in  Astoria,  in  1876.  His  father  was  a  mechanic  and  labored 
at  ship-carpentering.  He  also  adopted  the  life  of  a  mechanic,  and 
has  been  engaged  at  almost  all  the  trades  at  diiferent  times,  and 
as  a  mechanic  possesses  an  ingenious  mind.  During  the  years  he 
lived  at  Chicago  and  for  several  years  previously,  he  was  engaged 
in  contracting  and  building,  at  which  business  he  is  now  employed. 
He  enioved  but  limited  advantages  to  obtain  an  education,  the  earlv 
years  of  his  life  being  passed  upon  the  frontier  at  hard  labor. 

He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Rebecca  Jane  Clarke,  March  30, 
1848.  She  was  the  daughter  of  David  and  Eliza  Swink  (Russell) 
Clarke,  and  was  born  in  Kentucky  Nov.  20,  1829.  Her  parents 
were  pioneers  of  this  State,  The  former  was  born  Sept.  28,  1799, 
and  the  latter  July  3,  1805,  both  in  Ky.,  and  she  died  Sept.  18, 
1875.  There  were  born  to  S.  S.  and  Rebecca  J.  Chapman  10 
children  :  Frank  M.,  born  Jan.  1,  '49  ;  Emma  E.,  Oct.  24,  '50;  Chas. 
C,  July  2,  '53;  Eliza  H.,  Feb.  21,  '55,  died  Sept.  13,  '60;  David 
E.,  Feb.  6,  '57,  deceased  Oct.  27,  '57  ;  Christopher  C,  Aug.  23,  'oS  ; 
Wm.  D.,  Feb.  4,  '61,  deceased  Dec.  30,  '61  ;  Samuel  J.,  Oct.  22,  '62  ; 
Dollie  E.,  Aug.  14,'64,  and  Luella,  May  22,  '70.  All  of  them  were 
born  at  Macomb  save  Columbus  and  Luella,  the  former  of  whom 
was  born  at  Bardolph  and  the  latter  ai  Vermont.  Mrs.  Rebecca 
Chapman  dit'd  suddenly  on  the  evening  (jf  Jan.  2,  1874,  in  Chicago, 
and  was  laid  at  rest  in  the  cemeterv  at  Macomb.  Sidnev  S.  was 
again  married  Dec.  30,  1875,  to  Ann  Eliza  Clarke,  a  sister  of  his 
former  wife.  Two  children,  Ira  and  an  infant,  have  been  born  to 
them.  Emma  E.  married  L.  W.  B.  Johnson  Dec.  18,  1873,  and 
now  resides  in  Kansas. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  427 

S.  W.  Clark,  faniKU-  ;iml  .stock-raiser,  sec.  1 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria. 
Samuel  W.  Clark  was  horn  in  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  March  29,  1819. 
His  father,  John  Clark,  it  is  sujiposed,  was  a  native  of  Maryland, 
where  he  married  INIrs.  Elizabeth  (Ireen,  by  whom  he  had  10  chil- 
dren. Samuel  was  the  younj^ost.  He  married  Miss  Eliza  McEad- 
deu,  in  his  native  county.  During  the  autumn  of  1844  Mr,  C.  came 
to  111.,  locating  in  Vermont  township,  and  the  following  spring 
in  Astoria  townshij),  where  he  bought  1(30  acres  of  land  very  little 
improved.  The  township  was  then  heavily  timbered,  but  he  set 
about  clearing  and  now  has  a  well  improved  farm.  All  that  Mr.  C. 
owns  to-day  is  to  his  own  credit,  as  it  was  won  by  persistent  and 
hard  work  led  by  an  energy  of  purpose  which  never  flagged.  The 
marriage  of  ^Ir.  and  Mrs.  Clark  was  blessed  with  10  children,  8  of 
whom  are  living, — Thomas  H.,  Nancy  E.,  James  F.,  Charles  W., 
George  O,,  Fannie  M.,  Nelson  and  Robert  L. 

Dr.  Russell  Coe,  who  has  gained  a  large  local  and  State  reputation 
as  a  physician  and  surgeon,  is  a  native  of  Towanda,  Pa.,  Avhere  he  was 
born  in  1813.  His  father,  James  Coe,  was  a  Presbyterian  preacher, 
who  resides  in  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  and  is  now  u])wards  of  103  years 
old  and  still  active.  Russell  having  determined  to  study  medicine, 
made  his  way  to  Cleveland  in  1843  and  entered  the  Western  Reserve 
College,  at  which  he  graduated  with  honor  in  184G.  He  first 
located  at  Beardstown,  111.,  and  not  only  i)iiilt  up  a  good  reputation 
there  but  at  St.  Charles,  ]\Io.,  Mt.  Sterling,  111.,  and  other  places. 
While  living  in  ]Mo.  he  put  upon  the  market  the  famous  cough 
syrup  that  bears  his  name,  and  that  to-day  finds  such  a  large  sale  in 
the  Union.  In  1873  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Mrs.  Willis,  of 
Garnett,  Kan.  He  then  located  at  Astoria;  in  187")  moved  to  Ohio 
and  in  1878  returned,  and  now  he  enjoys  a  good  practice. 

3Iartin  Cook,  deceased,  was  a  well-known  resident  of  Astoria. 
He  was  born  in  Cobnnbiana  Co.,  ().,  May  7,  1847,  and  passed  his 
vouth  in  Sandusky  Co.  Desirous  of  obtaining  a  good  education  he 
entered  Oberlin  College.  In  an  early  day  he  located  in  Browning, 
Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  where  he  taught  the  jmblic  school  as  })rinci]>al,  and 
where  he  married  Miss  Ida  L.  Bader,  daughter  of  Jeremiah  Bader, 
a  native  of  Germany,  who  emigrated  to  this  country  many  years 
ago  and  settled  in  Pennsylvania.  There  he  nuirried  Miss  Sarah 
Thompson.  ]Mr.  leader  nu^ved  to  Ohio,  then  to  Schuyler  Co.,  where 
he  died.  Mr.  Co(^k  taught  school  for  many  years  of  his  life  in  the 
towns  of  this  conntv,  and  latterly  was  ])rincij)al  of  the  schools  at 
Astoriii.  After  a  life  of  usefulness  he  passed  away.  His  death  oc- 
curred May  11,  1879.  He  was  a  man  highly  respected  and  es- 
teemed.    Mrs.  Cook  resides  in  Astoria. 

David  Corhetf,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  o;  P.  O.,  Vermont; 
was  born  in  Harrisou'iJCo.,  O.,  June  11,  1818,  and  is  the  son  of 
Samuel  Corbett,  a  native  of  Ireland.  In  the  flush  of  early  manhood 
he  crossed  the  ocean  to  this  country,  but  just  where  he  settled  is  not 
known,  probably  in  Ohio,  where  he  followed  farming  and  married 


428  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Mrs.  Elizabeth  Maxwell,  and  they  had  (3  eliildreu,  of  whom 
David  was  the  youiiijest  but  one.  In  Harrison  Co.  David  united 
his  fortunes  with  Miss  Susan  Harrison,  daughter  of  Wm.  Harrison. 
In  1842  Mr.  C.  set  out  for  the  West,  eventually  reaehing  Astoria 
township,  where  he  worked  as  a  eoo])er.  In  1844  or '45  he  made 
his  first  purehase  of  land,  consisting  of  110  aeres.  As  it  was  heavily 
timbered  he  labored  hard  for  many  years,  determined  to  make  a 
home  for  his  family  ;  how  well  he  has  sueceded  subsequent  years  have 
shown.  It  may  truly  be  said  of  him  that  he  is  a  model  farmer  and 
deserves  all  that  his  industry  has  made.  The  marriage  of  ^Ir.  and 
Mrs.  Corbett  was  blessed  with  8  children,  6  of  whom  are  living, — 
John,  Granville,  Albert,  Catherine,  Samuel  and  Oscar. 

McDonald  Cox,  carriage  and  wagon-maker,  has  been  a  resident  of 
this  flourishing  town  for  upwards  of  20  years,  and  during  the  past 
16  years  has  controlled  a  large  trade  in  Fulton  Co.  He  is  an  ener- 
getic and  skillful  workman.  He  erected  a  portion  of  his  present 
factorv  in  1872,  completing  it  in  1875  and  '76,  and  proposes  to 
make  another  addition  this  year.  In  various  ways  Mr.  C.  has  shown 
his  enterprise  and  interest  in  Astoria.  He  has  erected  lumber 
houses,  one  shop,  now  Bowman's  livery  barn,  and  also  the  building 
occupied  by  Bowman  as  a  hotel,  and  two  substantial  residences.  In 
1865  he  was  united  in  marriaire  to  Miss  Minerva  Bovd,  dauirhter  of 
John  Boyd,  sen.,  by  whom  he  has  -S  children, — Walter,  Hattie  and 
George. 

J.  B.  Coi/ner,  lumber  dealer,  located  in  this  thriving  town  during 
the  month  of  February,  1871.  He  is  a  native  of  Augusta,  Va.,  and 
was  born  in  the  year  1842.  His  father,  Harrison  H.  Coyner,  was 
a  Southern  planter,  and  was  a  gentleman  of  considerable  means  be- 
fore the  war.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  obtained  a  liberal  educa- 
tion. During:  the  war  and  at  the  fall  of  Vicksburg  he  concluded 
to  C28  his  fortunes  in  the  West,  and  accordingly  in  1863  he  came  to 
Astoria.  Here  he  engaged  in  contracting  and  l)uilding,  and  put  up 
some  of  the^est  buildings  in  this  section,  [n  1873  he  purchased 
property  from  B.  F.  Linn  and  opened  a  lumber  yard  where  he  has 
since  carried  on  a  large  trade.  In  1866  he  was  married  to  Miss 
Ella  E.,  daughter  of  William  Hettrick,  of  Astoria  tp.  Of  this 
marriage  6  children  were  born, — Mary  E.,  William,  John  W., 
Charles  E.,  Georije  H.  and  Olive  Bell. 

B.  L.  Craiffo,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Astoria; 
was  born  in  Tuscarawas  Co.,  O,,  in  1849.  His  father,  David  Craigo, 
■was  a  native  of  Green  Co.,  Pa.,  and  was  a  farmer;  he  married  Miss 
Larina  Dane  Simpson,  who  b<.ire  him  9  children,  7  ol  whom  are  now 
living.  About  1845  David  Craigo  emigrated  to  Ohio,  where  he 
passed  the  remainder  of  his  life,  and  where  our  subject  attained  his 
majority.  Xine  years  ago  he  came  to  Astoria  tp.,  where  he  has  since 
acquired  a  valuable  farm  property  of  111  acres.  In  1876  he  was 
united  in  marriage  to  ^liss  Carrie  S.  Sharpe,  daughter  of  Jacob 
Sharpe,  a  native  of  New  York  State. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY,  429 

Lewis  Cramer,  farmer,  sec.  29  ;  P.  O.,  Astoi'ia.  In  1827,  j\Iay 
30,  there  was  born  to  Sanmel  and  Elizabeth  Cramer,  in  Knox  Co., 
O.,  a  son,  the  snbjeet  of  this  biography.  At  an  early  age  he  accom- 
panied his  parents  to  Vermont  township,  this  county,  and  the  fol- 
lowing winter  located  in  this  township.  In  1849  he  married  Miss 
Nancy  Downcn,  daughter  of  Josiah  Downen.  Their  children  num- 
ber 7, — Eliza  J.,  Elizabeth,  Velila,  Charles,  John,  Rachel  and  Mon- 
roe. Mr.  C.  first  purchased  80  acres  of  poorly  improved  land,  but 
now  owns  a  180-acre  well-improved  farm. 

David  Danner,  farmer,  sec.  18 ;  P.O.,  Astoria.  The  subject  of 
this  biography  was  born  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1828.  His  ancestry 
can  be  traced  back  to  an  early  date  in  the  pioneer  history  of  the 
Keystone  State.  While  a  youth  David  learned  the  wagon-maker's 
trade,  and  for  a  short  time  worked  as  a  journeyman.  In  1847  he 
took  unto  himself  a  wife  in  the  person  of  Miss  Grissie  Ann  Baker, 
who  has  borne  him  10  children.  In  18(i4  Mr.  D.  came  to  Illinois 
and  located  in  Astoria  tp.     In  1865  he  purchased  his  present  farm. 

Jacob  Danner,  farmer  and  stock  raiser,  sec.  22  ;  P.  O.,  Astoria ; 
was  born  near  Dayton,  O.,  May  3,  1849.  His  father,  Jacob  Dan- 
ner, next  mentioned,  is  a  native  of  Pennsvlvania.  In  an  earlv  dav 
he  settled  in  Fulton  Co.,  where  he  ranks  among  the  wealthiest  agri- 
culturists of  the  county.  Jacob,  jr.,  passed  his  boyhood  days  in 
Fulton  Co. ;  received  a  liberal  education,  and  early  in  life  became 
identified  with  the  farming  interests.  In  1873  he  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Miss  Hannah  M.  Thompson,  daughter  of  Lewis 
Thompson,  of  Pennsylvania. 

Jasob  Dxnner  was  born  in  York  Co.,  Pa.,  in  the  year  1800.  His 
father,  David  Danner,  was  also  a  native  of  the  Keystone  State. 
His  ancestry  can  be  traced  back  for  200  years,  when  Switzerland 
was  under  German  rule.  Mr.  D.  relates  that  his  ancestry  belonged 
to  that  class  of  Christians  known  as  Dunkards  ;  that  through  religious 
persecutions  they  werecomi)elled  to  leave  their  native  land,  and  ac- 
cordingly settled  in  Pennsylvania  shortly  after  William  Penn  arriv- 
ed. David  Danner  was  married  to  Marv  Stand)au<2:h,  who  bore  him 
6  children,  Jacob  being  the  eldest.  He  lived  in  Pennsylvania  until 
he  attained  his  33d  year,  where  he  had  in  the  meantime  learned  the 
carpenter  and  cabinet-maker's  trade,  and  was  married  to  Miss  Catha- 
rine Stambaugh.  In  1833  he  moved  to  Ohio,  where  for  a  time  he 
became  a  distiller.  In  1849  he  settled  in  Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  and  the 
following  year  settled  upon  a  farm  in  this  township,  where  he  now  owns 
800  acres  of  fine  land.  Mrs.  Danner  w^as  laid  at  rest  ten  years  ago 
on  the  24th  of  January.  Their  marriage  was  blessed  with  8  chil- 
dren. Those  living  are  Solomon,  Henry,  .lacob,  Sarah  and  Caroline. 
It  may  be  truly  said  of  Mr.  D.  that  he  not  only  ranks  among  our 
most  opulent  farmers,  l)ut  he  is  known  as  among  the  most  generous 
citizens  of  Fulton  Co, 

Solomon    Danner,  agriculturist,  son    of  the  above,  was  born  in 
York  Co.,  Pa.,  June  15,  1829,  and  was  about  3  years  old  when  his 


430  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

parents  settled  in  Bntler  Co.,  O.,  wliere  he  grew  to  manhood,  and 
for  some  years  became  employed  on  the  Cincinnati  &  Toledo  Canal. 
In  the  sprinij;  of  1849  he  came  to  this  county,  where  he  has  since  re- 
sided, and  has  succeeded  in  accumulatinsx  considcrnl)le  wealth.  In 
18o7  he  was  married  to  a  daughter,  ^Nliss  Elizabeth,  of  James  Litch- 
field, who  ranks  among  the  early  settlers  of  the  county.  Eight 
children  have  been  born  to  them,  7  of  whom  are  living, — Sarah  C, 
Jane  H.,  Jacob  L.  (deceased),  Henry,  Samuel  B.,  William  J.,  John 
and  Albert. 

3Iosc's  L.  Dcrry,  farmer,  sec.  1 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont.  Mr.  D.  is  a 
native  of  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  on  the  8th  of  Oct., 
1840.  His  father,  Solomon  Derry,  moved  to  Illinois  with  his  family 
and  settled  in  Vermont  tp.,  this  county,  where  he  still  resides. 
Moses  grew  to  manhood  in  that  township,  and  while  living  there 
was  united  in  marriage  with  Phoebe  Hoppings,  by  whom  he  has  three 
children. 

WiUiam  F.  Dcrrij,  farmer,  sec.  3;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  was  born  in 
Fulton  Co.,  in  July,  1850.  His  fither,  Wm.  Derry,  is  one  of  the 
nn)St  prominent  farmers  of  the  towushi}).  A\  m.  F.  grew  up  in  this 
county  and  received  a  good  common-school  education.  From  boy- 
hood he  has  followed  farminji;.  In  1874  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Miss  Anna,  daughter  of  John  Keller,  of  Pa.  Of  this  marriage 
two  children  were  born, — Rosa  B.  and  Jessie  ]M. 

George  D.  Duncan,  merchant,  is  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  where 
he  was  born  in  1835.  On  attaining  his  majority  he  made  his  way 
to  Fulton  Co.,  locating  at  Vermont.  He  engaged  in  the  saddlery 
and  harness  line  of  trade  there.  After  a  successful  business  of  two 
years,  owing  to  ill-health  he  engaged  in  farming  for  some  time,  al- 
though for  9  subsequent  years  he  dealt  in  the  same  business  at 
Bushnell,  111.  He  settled  at  Astoria  in  1873,  and  in  company  with 
Mr.  S.  Fackler,  now  a  leading  em|)love  of  ^Ir.  Scri]>))s,  embarked  in 
active  business'in  the  thriving  town.  After  a  })artnership  of  3  years 
it  was  dissolved,  and  since  then  ]Mr.  1).  has  transai'ted  a  successful 
business  as  a  drv-croods  merchant  and  jjrocer. 

ir.  H.  Emerson,  of  the  firm  of  Emei-st)u  ct  Tanksley,  millers  and 
coal  dealers,  is  a  native  of  Cincinnati,'  O.,  where  he  was  born  in 
1833.  He  is  the  second  child  of  Joseph  C.  Emerson,  who  settled 
at  Cincinnati  when  it  bore  the  primitive  name  of  Ft.  Washington. 
Here  he  married  Miss  Mary  A.  Collard,  who  bore  him  G  children. 
Joseph  C.  moved  to  Indiana,  entered  iijion  a  mercantile  career 
and  succeeded  well,  and  became  a  prominent  citizen  of  the  State. 
He  died  in  1845.  Mrs.  E.  is  still  living  and  resides  near  Cincinnati. 
For  a  number  of  years  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  identified  with 
the  milling  and  grain  business  of  Cincinnati.  Considerable  of  his 
early  life  was  spent  upou  the  Pacific  "slope.  Ilc'therefengaged  in 
the  furniture  trade  and  was  the  pioneer  dealer  north  of  San  Fran- 
cisco. In  1856  he  returned  to  Cincinnati  and  remained  until  the 
Rebellion  broke  out,  when  he  entered  the  army  as  a  sutler  and  rcr 


>«r^ 


^■^. 


^^..r 


"  •. '.'':  -:  \  Oil 


X 


.1 


'^.^^^/^ 


COUNTY   JUDSe 


Of  THE 

UMVeHblTY   Of  ILllNOIS. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  433 

mained  for  three  years.  He  was  wouiuled  and  compelled  to  resign, 
and  soon  settled  near  Dixon,  111.,  and  engaged  in  general  merchan- 
dising. In  J  870  he  located  in  Astoria,  where  in  connection  with 
Mr.  Jolm  Skinner  he  began  to  develop  the  coal  interest  of  tl  e 
place.  Messrs.  Emerson  (t  Skinner  began  prospecting  and  soon 
sank  two  shafts  wiiit^h  afford  a  sii})erior  quality  of  coal.  They  ship 
to  the  States  of  Missouri  and  Iowa  and  over  this  State.  During  the 
winter  season  25  car-loads  are  shipped  daily.  He  is  also  partner  in 
the  White  Oak  Mills,  built  in  1878  and  has  four  run  of  burs.  In 
18o()  he  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Capt.  A.  D. 
Wilson,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  the  Western  waters  and  the  first 
to  run  a  steam-boat  up  the  Muskingum  river. 

Isaac  Enqle,  deceased,  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1808.  In  an 
early  day  his  parents,  Ijcvi  and  Nancy  P^ngle,  settled  in  Ohio, 
where  Isaac  grew  to  manhood.  In  1826  he  came  to  Illinois  and 
located  in  ^Menard  Co.,  and  March  8,  1831,  at  Sugar  Grove,  he  was 
married  to  Cynthia  Powell,  of  Ohio.  In  1836  or  '37  they  came  to 
Fulton  Co.  and  moved  into  a  round-log  cal)in,  where  all  the  expe- 
riences of  pioneer  life  were  passed  through.  Although  for  a  num- 
ber of  years  the  family  lived  in  frugality,  game  was  abundant  upon 
the  pioneer  table,  and  wild  honey  gathered  in  large  quantities 
served  to  sweeten  their  huml)le  repast,  yet  for  many  years  Isaac 
Engle  struggled  ban  for  a  livelihood  in  his  forest  home,  and  not 
until  the  wliistle  of  the  locomotive  startled  the  trapper  and  hunter 
into  a  sense  of  the  fast  approaching  civilization  did  he  bring  his 
farm  into  anything  lik(>  cultivation.  Pearly  in  life  he  was  led  to 
believe  in  a  higher  tribunal  than  exists  upon  earth,  and  thus  having 
made  his  peace  with  his  Maker  lie  awaited  the  summons  that  called 
him  to  a  "home  not  made  with  hatids,  eternal  in  the  Heavens," 
which  occurred  April  21,  1875,  and  he  was  laid  at  rest  amid  the 
scenes  of  his  eventful  pioneer  life.  AVith  his  wife,  who  had  con- 
tributed not  a  little  to  their  prosperity,  he  left  a  family  of  9  chil- 
dren. Isaac,  the  eldest  son,  has  been  twice  married;  his  first  wife 
was  Matilda  Doty,  the  second.  Miss  Emma  Sn)ith  ;  Andrew  mar- 
ried Susan  Mitchell;  Jose])h  man-icd  Ellen  Wunderlich  ;  Elizabeth 
is  the  wife  of  Joab  Darrow  ;  Thomas  is  the  husband  of  Rebecca 
Rush  ;  Ivouisa  the  wife  of  Nathaniel  Smith  ;  J3runetta  married 
David  Bollinger;  ^]mily,  S,  A.  Russell,  and  Stephen,  Cynthia  Hath. 

J.  C  Ei)f/lisl),  boot  and  shoe-maker.  James  C.  English  is  a 
native  of  Indiana,  where  he  was  born  in  1856.  His  father,  John 
English,  was  born  in  lielmont  Co.,  O.,  where  he  followed  farming 
to  some  extent;  and  having  a  liberal  education,  at  the  early  age  of 
16  became  a  teacher  in  the  public  schools.  During  the  fall  of  1864 
he  moved  to  Illinois,  locating  in  Astoria,  where  he  opened  a  boot 
and  shoe  store,  having  acquired  the  trade  in  Indiana.  Here  he  has 
gained  a  reputaon  as  a  superior  workman,  and  no  one  is  more  uni- 
versally respected  in  the  community. 

Franklin  Fackler,  retired  blacksmith  and  pioneer  of  Fulton  Co. 

27 


434  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

Anion<2;  tlioso  battlin<j  for  an  existence  in  an  early  day  none,  per- 
hiTps,  (lisplaved  more  enertiy  and  plnek  tlian  Mr.  F.  He  was  born 
in  the  Old  Dominion,  Dee.  •'),  INOT.  His  father,  Sumnel  Faekler, 
wa.s  a  native  of  Va.  and  a  tanner  by  occupation;  he  married  Miss 
Elizabeth  Fent<»n,  Avho  bore  him  two  children.  Frnklin,  the 
younger,  i)asscd  his  youth  in  Va.,  where  he  learned  the  trade  of 
blacksmith.  In  1828  he  was  married  to  Caroline  Deary,  She  was 
born  in  Va.  During-  the  autumn  of  18.'55  Mr.  F.  crossed  the  prairies 
of  Illinois,  and  arrived  in  Astoria  tp.,  where  shortly  afterwards  he 
ojxMicd  a  blacksmith  shop  in  the  old  town  of  Washington.  He  was 
soon  found  to  be  a  good  smith  and  ]>ionecrs  came  from  far  and  near 
to  his  shop.  In  18.']7  he  located  at  Astoria  and  opened  the  first 
shop  in  the  place,  and  for  44  years  was  well  known  as  a  good  work- 
man. His  marriage  was  blessed  with  8  children, — 0  of  whom  are 
living. 

,/.  T.  Fackhr,  of  the  firm  of  Faekler  Bros.,  carriage  and  wagon- 
makers,  is  a  native  of  Astoria,  and  was  born  Oct.  28,  18-10,  a  son 
of  Franklin  Faekler,  whose  sketch  is  given  just  above.  Thomas, 
in  sj)('akiug  of  his  earliest  recollections,  says  he  remendiers  when 
Astoria  contained  i)ut  tew  inhabitants,  and  that  Ciiarles  Gilbert  and 
other  pioneer  merchants  transacted  but  a  small  business.  He  ])assed 
his  life  thus  far  in  Astoria  and  vicinity,  where,  in  early  life,  he  be- 
came a])])r('nticed  to  the  trade  of  wagon  and  carriage-making  and 
blacksmithing,  and  for  many  years  has  been  prominently  identified 
with  the  business  interests  of  the  j)lace.  In  18(51  he  was  married 
to  INIiss  Harriet  C.  Tracv,  by  whom  he  has  7  children, — 5  bovs 
and  2  girls. 

Sfninie/  /'orAVrr,  head  salesman  in  the  dry-goods  and  grocery  house 
of  Wm.  Scripj)s,  the  well-known  banker  and  merchant;  was  born 
in  Astoria  in  1842.  His  father,  Franklin  Faekler,  is  sketched  above. 
Samuel  grew  to  manhood  in  Astoria,  and  received  a  liberal  education, 
and  first  entered  the  employ  of  Mr.  S('rij)ps,  as  a  clerk,  ^^'ith  the 
exception  of  '.I  years,  then  in  business  with  (J.  D.  Duncan,  Mr.  F. 
has  continued  in  the  service  of  Mr.  Scripps,  attaining  the  position  of 
head  clerk.  In  18()8  he  was  married  to  ^liss  Isabel  Price,  daughter 
ofBenj.  Price,  of  Penn.  (ico.  D.,  Lillie  B.,  Nellie  C,  and  Grace 
M.  are  their  children.  Mr.  F.  is  a  consist(Mit  and  active  member  of 
the  M.  E.  Church. 

C)oper  Fiirr,  retii-ed  flirmer.  There  ari'  but  few  agriculturists  in 
Fult(»n  better  or  more  favorably  known  than  the  subject  of  this 
sketeii.  He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1807.  His  lather,  Amos 
Farr,  was  also  a  native  of  the  Kevstone  State,  and  a  millwright  l)y 
occupation.  He  was  married  while  residing  in  that  State  to  Miss 
Susan  Fox,  by  whom  he  had  7  children.  Cooper  being  the  second. 
About  1810  this  family  moved  to  Ohio,  where  our  sid)ject  attained  his 
majority,  ^^'hile  there,  in  the  year  1828,  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Miss  Ada  Linn,  a  native  of  Penn.  In  1836  he  concluded  to 
settle  in  Illinois.    Accordingly,  in  a  covered  wagon,  after  one  month 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  435 

of  travel,  he  landed  in  Astoria  township,  where  he  pnrehased  IGO 
acres  of  heavily  timbered  land,  whicii  he  set  about  elearin*;  with  en- 
ergy. The  iirst  year  lie  brought  about  4  acres  under  cultivation, 
and  year  by  year  he  cleared  more  and  was  soon  on  the  road  to  pros- 
perity. He  built  on  his  arrival  a  rough  log  cabin,  and  the  first 
■winter  he  lived  rath(>r  roughly.  Ventilation  was  quite  abundant ; 
although  no  window  or  door  adorned  the  cabin,  yet  the  wind,  sun- 
light, I'ain  and  snow  o-ained  free  access  through  the  cracks  between 
the  logs.  He  now  owns  otiO  acres  of  well  improved  land.  The 
marriage  of  INIr.  and  INIrs.  Farr  was  blessed  with  11  children,  7  of 
whom  are  living, — Eliza  D.,  Elizabeth,  Susan,  Mary  E.,  William, 
John  and  Samuel. 

Jo/? n  i^a/->',  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  10;  P.  O.,  Vermont. 
John  Farr,  as  well  as  others  who  bear  the  same  name,  are  well  known 
to  the  people  of  this  community,  wIum'c  they  have  resided  for  many 
years.  John  is  the  second  son  of  ('ooj)er  and  Edith  Farr,  and  was 
born  on  the  old  farm  homestead  in  Astoria  township,  July  23,  1842. 
Growing  up  amid  pioneer  associations  he  received  a  good  common- 
school  education.  In  1863  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  P. 
Kane,  (laughter  of  Jesse  Kane,  a  native  of  Ohio.  Belle  B.  and 
Cooper  are  their  two  children. 

John  D.  Fcnfon,  city  expressman,  is  a  native  of  Virginia,  of 
which  State  his  father  was  also  a  native.  He  was  born  in 
1835.  His  fither,  Nathan  Fenton,  was  a  farmer  by  occu])ation. 
He  married  Miss  Marv  J.  Derrv,  and  they  had  5  children,  of  whom 
John  was  the  seeond.  In  1837  Nathan  Fenton  settled  in  Fulton 
Co.,  where  he  died.  John  grew  up  here  and  received  a  fair  educa- 
tion. In  1855  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Eliazabeth 
AVestphal,  daughter  of. Edward  Westphal,  of  Ohio.  In  18(32  Mr. 
F.  entered  Uncle  Sam's  service,  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  85th  111.  Inf., 
for  3  years;  was  in  the  battles  of  Chickamauga,  Kenesaw  Mountain, 
Atlanta,  Savannah,  Bentonville,  etc.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he 
returned  to  Astoria  where  he  owns  pro|>erty.  James  and  Ettie, 
deceased,  \\'illiam,  Mary,  Lula  and  Dora  are  the  children  born  to 
him  and  wile. 

Edward  Foster,  farmer,  sec.  18  ;  P.  O.,  Vermoiit.  Upon  the  18th 
of  Aug.,  1818,  there  was  born  to  Edward  and  Ann  (Woodrow) 
Foster  in  the  State  of  Maryland  a  son,  the  subject  of  this  biograj)hy. 
His  father  was  a  wheelwright  by  trade,  bnt  in  after  years  he  farmed. 
Edward  was  the  eldest  of  a  family  of  5  children.  At  the  age  of  16 
he  went  with  his  parents  to  Ohio.  In  1842  he  took  unto  himself  a 
wife  in  the  person  of  Miss  Mary  Mercer,  who  became  the  mother  of 
6  children,  all  of  whom  are  livinti;.  In  1851  ]\Ir.  F.  came  to 
Astoria  and  bought  a  small  farm  which  has  grown  to  160  acres. 
Nov.  12,  1859,  Mrs.  F.  was  laid  at  rest  in  Salem  cemetery.  In  1861 
he  married  a  sister  of  his  first  wife.  Miss  Sarah  A.  ISTcrcer,  who 
bore  him  one  child.  Mrs.  Sarah  Foster  died  in  1876.  In  1878 
he  contracted  marriage  with  Miss  Emma  Green,  of  Fayette  county, 
Pennsylvania. 


436  HISTORY  OF  fulton  county. 

Willinm  Foster,  former,  see.  18;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  is  a  native  of 
Noble  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  Aug;.  25,  1843.  He  was  8  years 
of  age  when  his  parents  settled  in  Fulton  Co.,  where  young  Foster 
passed  his  voutli  among  pioneer  associates,  many  of  whom  are  now 
substantial  farmers.  Aug.  8,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  F,  84th  111. 
Inf,  under  command  of  Col.  Waters.  Proceeding  to  the  front  from 
Quincy  he  participated  in  the  most  noted  battles  of  the  great  war, 
as  Stone  R!ver,  Lookout  Mountain,  Mission  Pidge,  etc.  The  regi- 
ment remained  under  fire,  during  Sherman's  march  to  the  sea,  for 
105  days.  Some  months  alter  the  fight  at  Nashville,  Mr.  F.  was 
honorably  discharged,  and  returned  to  his  old  iiome  and  has  since 
followed  farming.  Oct.  11,  18()6,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Frances, 
dausrhter  of  Jacob  Derry.  The  children  born  of  this  marriage  are 
Clara  B.  and  ^linnic  P. 

0.  P.  Fry,  farmer  and  stock  raiser,  sec.  9;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  The 
grandfather  of  Oliver  P.  Frv  was  a  native  German,  and  when  the 
Revolution  began  he  enlisted  under  the  l)anner  of  the  new  Rejiub- 
lic.  Long  prior  to  the  war  he  came  to  Pennsylvania.  He  married 
at  the  close  of  the  war.  Miss  Cox,  by  whom  he  raised  a  family  of  4 
children.  Andrew  Fry,  the  father  of  O.  P.,  the  second  child,  in 
youth  became  employed  in  a  machine  shop  and  helped  to  build  the 
first  boiler  in  Brownsville,  Pa.  He  came  to  Knox  Co.,  O.,  where 
he  married  Susanna  Cramer,  who  bore  him  3  children,  2  of  whom 
yet  survive.  In  1845  Andrew  Fry  came  to  Astoria  tp.,  began  to 
farm,  and  proved  successful ;  he  died  during  the  winter  of  '78.  The 
death  of  Mrs.  F.  occurred  4  vears  prior  to  that  of  her  husband. 
Oliver  was  born  in  Coshocton  Co.,  O.,  Feb.  18,  1824.  In  1869  he 
was  married  in  Rushville  to  Miss  Lucy,  daughter  of  Dr.  E.  Clark. 
Mr.  Fry  has  held  many  of  the  official  positions  of  his  townshi})  and 
always  with  satisfiiction. 

G'.  W.  Gail),  farmer,  sec.  19  ;  P.  O.,  Ray,  Schuyler  Co.  G.  W. 
Gain  is  the  youngest  child  born  of  the  marriage  of  James  W.  Gain 
to  Matilda  Sergeant.  James  Gain  was  a  native  of  England  and 
probably  followed  the  oecuj)ation  of  a  baker,  as  this  was  his  calling 
for  a  nmnber  of  years  after  his  arrival  in  America,  Mhich  was  about 
1840.  He  came  from  Xew  Y(trk  city  to  Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  and  en- 
gaged in  farming.  He  died  in  that  county  in  the  thirty-fifth  year 
of  his  age.  With  his  wife,  who  is  still  living,  he  left  a  family  of  3 
children.  George  was  born  in  Schuyler  Co.,  in  1843.  When  the 
war  l)r()ke  out  he  enlisted  in  Co.  J^,  119th  111.  Inf ,  and  |)articipated 
in  8  battles.  He  was  among  the  last  who  left  Incle  Sam's  service, 
being  honorably  discharged  in  Aug.,  1865.  He  married,  in  Oct., 
1866,  Miss  Melissa  H.  Mayo,  by  whom  he  has  4  children, — "William, 
Mary  E.,  George  W.  and  Ettie.  In  1869  he  bought  his  present 
farm  and  moved  to  this  county. 

Robert  G((lc  is  a  native  of  England,  where  he  was  born  in  1836. 
In  1867  he  was  united  in  marriage  near  London  with  Miss  Eliza 
Wade,  daughter  of  Robert  and  Mary  Ann  ^^'ade,  by  whom  he  has 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  437 

four  children, — WilHnni,  Elizabeth,  Caroline  and  Amelia.  Robert 
Gale  is  the  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  (Shaw)  Gale,  and  was  the 
eldest  of  a  family  of  1 1  children.  He  was  raised  on  a  farm.  In 
1869  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  for  the  New  World  and  landed  in 
Canada.  He  made  his  way  to  Chicago,  thence  to  Stark  Co.,  and  after 
a  short  residence  there  located  in  this  tj).,  where  he  continues  to 
reside,  on  sec.  3o ;  he  is  engaged  in  farming.     P.  O.,  Astoria. 

Caleb  W.  Gibbs,  deceased,  was  a  well-known  resident  of  this 
county.  He  was  born  in  Fayette  Co.,  Pa.,  Mar.  14,  1.S21.  His 
father,  Jonah  Gibbs,  was  also  a  native  of  the  Keystone  State.  Ca- 
leb Gibbs  united  in  mirriage,  Oct.  3,  1848,  with  Miss  Sarah,  daugh- 
ter of  Booth  McCormick.  In  1844  Mr.  G.  came  to  Astoria  tp., 
and  the  following  autumn  purchased  a  farm  of  80  acres,  to  which  he 
has  added  more.  His  death  occurred  May  22,  1877.  ^Ir.  G.  is  de- 
scribed as  a  model  farmer,  an  upright  citizen  and  an  honorable  busi- 
ness man.  To  the  care  of  his  wile  he  left  3  children, — A  Ifred,  Melinda 
and  Allen  D.     Mrs.  Gibbs  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  April,  9, 1831. 

John  A.  GiUil((ndj  farmer,  sec.  6  ;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  is  a  native  of 
Missouri,  where  he  was  born  Dec.  9,  1823.  His  fither,  Hiram  A. 
Gilliland,  was  a  native  of  North  Carolina,  and  in  an  early  day 
moved  to  Missouri,  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Matil- 
da M.  Saeley,  daughter  of  Eziekel  Seeley.  There  were  born  of  this 
marriage  11  children,  10  of  whom  grew  to  m\ture  years.  John 
was  the  second  sou.  On  attaining  his  m  ijority  in  184"),  located  at 
Rushville,  this  State,  and  shortly  afterwards  moved  to  Springlield, 
where  he  learned  the  brick  and  stone-mason  trades.  He  soon  be- 
came quite  extensively  engaged  as  a  contractor  and  builder.  April 
14,  1854,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Lucinda  Owen, 
daughter  of  Dr.  Owen,  one  of  the  origintd  founders  ol' Astoria.  In 
18o5  Mr.  G.  purchased  the  tannery  situated  at  Astoria  and  owned 
by  John  Boyd.  He  was  (piite  successful  here  and  gained  the  confi- 
dence of  the  j)e()ple  by  honest  dealing.  He  then  became  a  jxirtner 
of  W.  II.  (ireen  in  the  harness  trade,  havinir  sold  his  tannerv  to 
Chas.  Chaddock,  and  dissolving  partnership  with  Mr.  Green  in  18G7 
he  purchased  100  acres  of  land  in  Astoria  township,  and  now  owns 
140  acres.  He  has  held  manv  local  offices.  Of  the  marriapc  above 
referred  to  4  children  were  born,  three  of  whom  are  living, — James 
H.,  Chas.  C.  and  Ernest  A. 

W.  A.  Orach/,  baker  and  confectioner,  arrived  in  Astoria  March 
10, 1879,  and  has  already  succeeded  in  building  up  a  large  local  trade. 
Hfc  was  born  in  Fairfield  Co.,  ().,  Aug.  1,  1.S47.  His  father,  Oliver 
Grady,  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and  a  tailor  by  occuj)ation  ;  he 
moved  to  Ohio  in  an  early  day,  where  he  was  married  to  Aliss  Eliza- 
beth Hoopes,  by  whom  he  had  3  ('hildren  ;  W.  A.  the  eldest.  W. 
A.  grew  up  in  Ohio  and  came  to  111.  in  1871,  and  settled  in  Ver- 
mont. In  1873  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Harriet, 
daughter  of  Aaron  Hickson,  (^f  Va.  Hattie  M.  and  ^^'illiam  R. 
are  their  children. 


438  HISTORY   OF   FULTOX   COITN-TY. 

Daniel  Haffner,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  was  born  near  the  Shen- 
andoah Valley  in  the  Old  Dominion,  in  1814.  His  father,  Andrew 
Haffner,  was  a  native  of  the  Keystone  State.  He  moved  to  Vir- 
ginia earlv  in  life,  and  there  married  Marv  Tharbanj>:h,  bv  whom 
he  had  10  children,  9  of  whom  ^rew  to  mature  years,  and  3  of  whom 
are  living  at  present, — Daniel,  Samuel,  a  farmer  of  this  township, 
and  Margaret,  the  wife  of  Sumuel  McClung,  also  of  this  township. 
Daniel  grew  to  manhood  in  Virginia,  and  married  Miss  Diana  Lutz. 
Eight  children  blessed  the  union,  7  of  whom  are  living, — Balseer, 
Catharine  P.,  Sarah  R.,  Samuel  H.,  Betsy  H.,  AA'iiliam  and  Andrew. 
In  1852  Mr.  H.  landed  in  this  township  and  purchased  160  acres  oi' 
land,  but  now  owns  more. 

John  ]V.  Hall  ct*  Son,  attorneys  at  law.  The  senior  member  of 
this  firm  is  i  well-known  lawyer.  He  Avas  born  in  Va.  March  22, 
1833.  When  still  a  youth  he  accom])anied  his  parents  to  Licking 
Co.,  O.,  and  at  the  city  of  Granville  he  fitted  himself  for  the  business 
pursuits  of  life,  and  for  a  numi)er  of  years  worked  at  the  tailor's 
trade.  But  he  had  a  desire  to  become  an  attorney  and  studied  late 
and  early,  and  for  three  years  read  under  P.  W .  Gallagher,  a  talented 
attorney.  In  1855,  in  Fulton  county,  he  was  married  to  Miss  N. 
C.  Taylor;  in  1854  settled  at  Cuba.  From  there  he  went  to  Bush- 
nell  and  was  appointed  Postmaster  by  Pres.  Lincoln.  Resigning 
he  went  to  Chillicothc,  Mo.,  and  was  appointed  on  LT.  S.  Secret 
Service.  After  the  war,  went  to  Elmwood,  then  to  Cuba,  both 
places  as  a  merchant,  and  after  much  travel  settled  in  Astoria  in  iHll. 
Of  the  marriage  above  spoken  of  0  children  were  born,  of  whom  but 
one  survives,  E.  C,  the  law  partuer  of  his  father. 

James  Ij.  Haney,  farmer,  see.  5 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont.  James  Haney 
was  born  in  Fayette  Co.,  Pa.,  in  Aug.,  1852.  In  1857  his  parents 
located  in  Fulton  Co.,  where  James  received  a  good  common-school 
education.  In  1878  he  was  united  in  marria<re  with  Miss  Edith  A. 
Nelson,  daughter  of  J.  O.  Nelson,  of  this  county. 

Lewis  Haney,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  5 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont ; 
was  born  July  1,  1819.  His  father,  Samuel  Haney,  was  a  farmer  by 
occupation,  and  married  Miss  Rachel  Moore.  They  reared  a  fam- 
ily often  children.  Lewis,  the  seventh  child  of  this  marriage,  re- 
ceived a  common-school  education,  and  from  boyhood  engaged  in 
agricultural  |)ursuits.  In  1844  he  was  married  to  Miss  Mary  Ann 
Ridgely  of  Pa.  This  union  has  been  blessed  with  4  chihh'en,  3  of 
whom  are  living, — Caroline,  John  S.  and  Perry  B.  In  Dec, 
1850,  Mrs.  H.  Avas  laid  at  rest  in  the  village  cemetery.  The  following 
year  he  was  married  to  Miss  Ann  Moulton,  by  whom  he  had  5 
children,  4  of  whom  are  living, — James  L.,  Mary  A.,  Rebecca  V. 
and  Margaret  M.     In  1857  Mr.  H.  settled  in  this  township. 

Samuel  Heath,  farmer  and  stock-iaiser,  sec.  21 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria. 
The  above-named  gentleman  ranks  among  the  good  farmers  of  this 
township.  He  was  born  in  Alleghany  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  19,  1832. 
At  an  early  day  his   parents   emigrated  to  Ohio,  where   our  subject 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  439 

grew  to  manhood.  In  1855  he  ventured  further  west,  locating  in 
Astoria  townshij),  wliere  he  lias  since  i'ollowed  agricultural  pursuits. 
He  joined  hands  in  holy  wedlock  with  Miss  Mary  Landis  in  ](S62. 
Five  of  the  <S  children  she  has  borne  arc  living.  Their  names  are, 
Alta  M.,  May  F.,  \Vm.  H.  Frank  E.  and  Ralph  A. 

>?.  A.  Hsnderson,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  6  ;  P.  ().,  Vermont. 
S.  A.  Henderson  is  nu'uhcred  among  the  early  settlers  of  this  town- 
ship. His  father,  William  Henderson,  was  among  the  first  pioneers 
wlio  founded  homes  in  Illinois;  he  was  born  in  Westmoreland  Co., 
Pa.,  and  followed  farming  from  boyhood,  and  there  united  his  for- 
tunes with  those  of  Miss  Nancy  Russell,  by  whom  he  had  9  children. 
What  is  somewhat  remarkable  is  that  all  of  them  are  living.  S.  A. 
was  but  10  years  of  age  when  his  parents  settled  in  Fulton  Co.  on 
farm  property,  where  he  spent  his  youth,  receiving  a  liberal  edu- 
cation ;  18(30  he  married  Aliss  Hannah,  daughter  of  John  and 
Julia  Ingle,  by  whom  he  had  1)  children  :  8  are  living, — P^dith,  Alice, 
L3la,  IM.irion,  E  Igar,  Willie,  Elsie  and  Anna.     Charles  is  deceased. 

Louis  7/l'.s'.s,  farmer,  sec.  28  ;  P.  ().,  Astoria.  Lewis  Hess  was 
born  in  Germany  in  1832.  He  was  but  8  years  of  age  when  his 
parents  landed  in  America.  They  settled  in  ^laryland,  where  Lewis 
attained  his  majority  and  married  ^liss  Mary  Lindon,  by  whom  he 
has  U  children.  Having  accumulated  property  in  Maryland  Mr.  H. 
dispDsetl  of  it  in  18(j7  and  came  west,  locating  in  Astoria  township, 
where  he  first  purchased  40  acres  of  land,  and  now  owns  120  acres. 

Suinncl  Ht'stuH,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Bucks  Co.,  Pa.,  where 
he  was  born  in  1820.  Crowing  to  manhood  in  that  State  he  mar- 
ried, in  181'J,  Hannah  Heaton,  of  England.  Li  an  early  day  Mr. 
H.  with  his  family  moved  to  Ohio,  where  lu;  remained  8  years,  and 
then  came  to  Astoria  township,  where  he  resided  up  to  the  time  of  his 
death,  which  occurred  in  Nov.,  18(j7.  To  the  care  of  his  wife  he  left 
8  children, — David,  Eiizi,  Mary  Ann,  Sarah  J.,  Ann  E.,  deceased, 
Harriet,  Lydia,  Christiana  and  R-.u-hel. 

T.  31.  Hetli'lck,  of  the  firm  of  Coyner  &  Hettrick,  lumber  deal- 
ers, Astoria.  jNlr.  H.  was  born  in  Astoria  townshiji,  in  1841.  His 
father,  Wm.  Hettrick,  is  a  resident  of  this  township,  where  he  is  en- 
giged  in  farming.  Daniel  attained  his  majority  while,  living  on  the 
farm;  he  acquired  a  good  education  and  for  a  number  of  years 
taught  school.  In  18()0  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  INIiss  Ella 
K.  Walker,  d  lughter  of  Ad  im  \\'alker,  of  Ohio.  In  1874  he  moved 
to  McD.)nough  Co.,  and  during  the  si)ring  of  1879  came  to  Astoria 
and  purchased  an  interest  in  the  lundjer  yard  of  J.  B.  Coyner,  the 
well-known  lumber  dealer. 

WiUlaiii  IL'ttrick-,{'dvm\iV,SQC.  21  ;  P.O.,  Astoria.  Abraham  Het- 
trick, the  fither  of  our  subject,  was  a  native  of  the  Keystone  State, 
and  a  farmer  by  oc(ai[)ation.  He  lovtd  and  wetl  Miss  Susan  Wun- 
derly.  William,  who  was  born  in  March,  181.3,  in  Penn.,  was  her 
onlv  child.  At  the  ay-e  of  27  he  went  to  Virginia  and  remained 
until  he  was  21,  serving  an  apprenticeship  in   tailoring.     He  came 


I 


440  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

to  Edgar  Co.,  111.,  in  1835,  and  to  Astoria  township  the  following 
year,  whero  he  worked  as  a  journeymin.  He  then  op?ned  a  shop  at 
Bernadotte,  but  soon  located  on  a  farni,^nd  after  many  years  of  hard 
work  ho  began  to  reap  the  fruits  of  his  energy  and  diligence.  Dec. 
12,  18311,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Ellen,  daughter  of  H.  G.  Jirand. 
Thirteen  children  were  born  to  them,  9  of  whom  are  living, — Daniel, 
Susan  J.,  Fj\i'/a\  E.,  Louisa,  William,  Tulessa,  George,  Marv  and 
Sarah  M. 

G.  V.  Hopkins,  retired  j)hysician,  was  born  in  Bourbon  Co.,  Ky., 
Feb.  3,  1798;  his  father,  Lemuel  Hopkins,  was  a  native  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  a  farmer;  Garrett,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  so  en- 
thusiastic in  the  study  of  medicine  while  young  that  he  qualified 
himself  for  practice  at  a  very  early  age;  in  1810  he  settled  in  Preble 
Co.,  O.,  and  became  eminent  in  his  practice  in  a  short  time;  in  1820 
he  married  Miss  Susanna  Leas,  a  daughter  of  Daniel  Leas,  of  Little 
York,  Pa. ;  she  died,  and  in  1831  he  married  Esther  Oliver,  of  Dark 
Co.,  O. ;  in  1841  he  came  to  the  point  where  Astoria  is  now  situated, 
and  practiced  in  his  profession  for  many  years. 

Fridolic  Horwidel,  farmer,  sec.  7  ;  P.  O.,  Vermont.  Mr.  H.  was 
born  in  Germany  on  the  6th  f)f  March,  1837.  Receiving  a  rudi- 
mentary education  in  his  native  land,  in  1851  he  crossed  the  At- 
lantic for  the  New  World,  landing  at  Baltimore.  He  ])roceeded  to 
Pennsylvania  where  he  followed  his  calling,  that  of  blacksmithing, 
for  a  number  of  years.  In  1860  he  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Miss  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Henry  Riffle.  She  has  borne  him  6 
children.  In  186(5  he  settled  in  Fult(^n,  where  he  followed  farming 
the  first  year,  and  subsequently  worked  at  his  trade  in  Vermont,  and 
in  1876  purchased  his  present  farm. 

Adam  Hott,  farmer,  sec.  7:  P.  O.,  Vermont.  This  gentleman  is  a 
native  of  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  July  5,  1820.  Grow- 
ing to  manhood  in  his  native  State,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Barbara 
Mushrush,  by  whom  he  had  9  cliildren,  8  of  whom  are  living.  For 
many  years  of  his  life  Mr.  H.  was  a  wagon-maker  and  has  ibllowed 
agricultural  pursuits  later  in  life.  At  the  close  of  the  Rebellion  he 
came  to  Illinois  and  settled  in  Schuyler  Co.;  two  years  later  he 
came  to  Fulton,  where  he  has  since  resided  upon  his  farm.  Since 
his  arrival  in  the  West  he  has  held  local  offices,  and  in  Ohio  was 
Supervisor. 

WiUiam  T.  Hudmdl,  farmer,  see.  24 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria ;  born  June 
21,  1801,  in  Virginia,  and  removed  from  there  to  Tennessee,  then 
to  Kentucky,  where  he  was  married  to  Miss  Sarah  Ann  Miller.  In 
1848  he  settled  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  and  in  1852  went  to  California, 
where  he  remained  6  years.  Xot  meeting  with  success,  he  returned 
to  his  old  home  in  this  county.  When  the  late  war  occurred  between 
the  States  he  enlisted  in  the  11th  111.  Cav.  and  served  18  months; 
since  then  he  and  his  estimable  wifL^  have  resided  in  this  county. 
Their  children  are  Samuel  A.,  Melvina,  Merrill,  Sarah,  Susannah, 
Margaret,  William  C.  and  J.  Walter. 


HISTOKY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  441 

S.  A  Hunter,  cabiiict-makor  and  untlcrtakor,  is  a  well-knoMn 
business  man  of"  Astoria.  He  was  born  in  NN'ashington  Co.,  O.,  in 
1851.  His  father,  John  M.  Hunter,  was  born  in  Washington  Co., 
Pa.,  and  at  the  aj>e  of  ten  he  aeeonipanied  his  parents  to  Ohio,  and 
at  Connellsvilk^  learned  the  tra(h>  of  eabinet-niakino-.  AVhik'  a 
resident  there  he  married  Miss  Xaney  Siiriver,  and  during  the 
autumn  of  1852  came  to  Astoria,  where  he  is  now  engaged  at  eabi-^ 
net-making.  Samuel  acquired  the  trade  in  Astoria,  })roved  an  apt 
scholar,  and  is  to-day  recognized  as  one  of  the  most  skillful  work- 
men in  this  county.  In  1875  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  INIiss 
Olive  MeLellan,  a  daughter  of  Robert  jNIcLellan,  a  Ibrmer  well- 
known  agriculturist  of  this  county.     They  have  one  child,  Mabel. 

James  Jennings,  flirmer  and  trader,  sec.  33 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria  ;  was 
born  in  Tuscarawas  Co.,  O.  His  father,  Ivcwis  Jennings,  avIio  is 
still  living,  upwards  of  80,  was  born  in  Frederick  Co.,  Va.  In  an 
early  day  his  parents  settled  in  Ohio,  where  Lewis  married  Miss 
Martha  Moore,  by  whom  he  had  4  children, — James,  Robert,  Wilson 
and  Nancy.  At  35  Mr.  J.  left  Ohio  and  located  in  Indiana  where 
he  lived  for  a  number  of  years.  Mrs.  J.  died  in  Ohi(i,  and  the 
second  wife  of  Mr.  J.,  Susan  Miller,  bore  him  4  children, — Mary, 
Julia  A.,  Anderson  and  \\'illiam.  This  lady  departed  this  life  in 
Indiana.  Mr.  J.  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1854,  where  he  resides  at 
present.  One  vear  prior  to  this  James  Jennings,  his  son,  settled  in 
Astoria  tp.  He  was  then  married,  having  united  his  fortunes  with 
Miss  Eliz;ibeth,  daughter  of  Wm.  Wheeler,  of  Va.  There  were 
born  of  this  marriage  5  children, — George  E.,  Nancy,  William,  Ben- 
jamin and  Julia  A.  Mrs.  J.  died  in  185(),  and  three  years  later 
lie  was  married  to  Miss  Delilah  Doil,  of  Ohio. 

Immer  JoJinsnn,  deceased.  Well  and  favorably  known  to  the 
farmers  of  this  county  in  pioneer  days  was  Mr.  Johnson.  He  was 
born  in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  Feb.  14,  1815,  and  but  little  of  his  early 
life  is  now  brought  to  mind.  He  was  raised  upon  a  farm  in  his  na- 
tive State.  In  1835  he  came  to  Astoria  township,  where  he  worked 
at  his  trade,  that  of  a  carpenter.  He  it  was  that  built  many  of  the 
cabins,  and  afterwards  the  frame  buildings  that  were  erected  as  the 
county  became  settled.  Without  doubt  he  erected  the  first  church 
building  in  the  townshij):  it  was  for  the  Methodists.  The  second 
church  was  also  built  by  him  ;  it  was  for  the  United  Jirethren.  He 
was  united  in  marriage  in  183SJ  with  Mi.-s  Priscilla  Buck,  of  Ohio. 
He  then  built  a  hewn-log  house,  one  rather  more  comfortable  than 
those  generally  in  use.  During  the  sj)ring  of  1857  he  sold  his 
property  and  went  to  Texas,  where  he  remained  until  18(J5:then  he 
returned  and  bought  240  acres  of  land  in  this  township.  Mr.  J.  was 
not  only  a  prosperous  farmer,  but  on(>  of  the  most  generous  of  men. 
He  was  an  exemplary  Christian  and  gave  freely  to  heli)  sn])port  all  re- 
ligious denomination.^.  He  died  13  years  ago  and  his  remains  were 
consigned  to  rest  on  the  farui  projjcrty.  To  the  care  of  his  wife  he 
left  2  children, — Lydia,  who  has  since  died,  and  Thomas,  who  resides 
on  the  old  homestead. 


442  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

John  Kiddy  deceased.  For  many  years  John  Kidd  was  a  w:ll- 
known  business  man  of  Astoria.  He  was  a  native  of"  York  Co.,  Pa., 
where  he  was  horn  in  1814.  While  a  resident  of  tliat  State  he  en- 
tered aetively  into  business  and  for  a  number  of  years  carried  on  a 
ffood  trade.  In  1841  he  was  united  in  marriajje  with  Miss  Julia 
Ann  R-'vnolds.  In  an  earlv  dav  he  moved  to  DuPage  Co.,  111., 
where  he  eniraijed  in  farminu".  In  18")'2  he  disposed  of  his  farm 
property  and  moved  to  Astoria,  where  he  purchased  mill  ])roperty 
from  a  man  by  the  name  of  Bacon.  For  a  number  of  years  he  was 
busily  engaged  at  Astoria,  when  he  concluded  to  locate  on  Sugar 
creek,  where  he  met  with  great  misfortune,  owing  to  the  explosion 
of  his  mill.  June  23,  1868,  he  was  laid  at  rest  in  the  Astoria  ceme- 
tery, leaving  to  the  care  of  his  estimalde  wife  7  children, — Harriet, 
Cyrilln,  Lucy  A.,  Lovina,  Amanda,  Addie  and  Frank. 

George  W.  Kost,  merchant.  When  Mr.  K.  came  to  Astoria  it 
was  not  the  bustling  town  it  now  is, —  not  half  so  large  and  no  enter- 
prise displayed.  He,  in  conjunction  with  his  brother  ^\'illiam  Kost, 
built  the  Fulton  Flouring  Mills.  At  the  expiration  of  three  years 
he  retired  from  milling  and  erected  what  was  then  the  best  business 
block  in  T:own,  and  became  a  merchant.  Since  then  he  has  been  ex- 
tensively engaged  in  the  dry-goods  and  grocery  business.  He 
takes  a  deep  interest  in  Astoria  and  has  the  coniidenee  of  the  entire 
community.  This  summer  he  erected  one  of  the  finest  residences  in 
the  j)lace.  He  is  a  consistent  member  of  the  Christian  Church,  and 
for  a  long  period  has  been  one  of  the  active  officials  of  the  Astoria 
congregation.  Tn  1852  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Susanna 
S.  Nelson,  by  whom  he  has  5  children, — Fi-ank,  Laura,  Ira,  Charley 
and  Fred. 

John  7vW,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  7  ;  P.  O.,  Vermont.  The 
ancestry  of  this  family  are  traced  back  to  Pennsylvania.  The  father 
of  John  was  a  farmer  by  occupation,  and  for  a  number  of  years 
transacted  a  successful  business  as  a  tanner.  He  was  married  to 
Miss  Elizabeth  Snyder  first,  and  his  second  wife  was  Miss  Mary 
Tuckey.  John  Kost  was  the  second  child  born  of  the  first  mar- 
riage. He  learned  the  carpenter's  trade  in  Penn.,  and  was  married 
there  in  1843  to  Miss  Barbara  Hersev.  In  1851  he  located  in  As- 
toria township,  where  he  purchased  a  quarter-section  of  land,  whi(;h 
he  set  about  improving.  Year  by  year  he  has  added  to  his  posses- 
sions and  now  owns  large  tracts  of  land  in  Illinois,  Iowa  and  Mis- 
souri. It  is  generally  supposed  that  ]Mr.  Kost  is  the  wealthiest  ag- 
riculturist in  the  township ;  but  his  possessions  have  by  no  means 
dwarfed  a  naturally  generous  disposition.  Mrs.  Kost  died  in  1858 
and  was  laid  at  rest  in  the  Vermont  cemetery.  In  1859  he  was 
married  to  Catharine  Lark,  who  bore  him  4  children.  But  few 
men  have  begun  life  under  more  discouraging  circumstances  and 
few  have  succeeded  better. 

W'i/fiam  Kost,  miller  and  stock  dealer,  is  a  native  of  Cumberland 
Co.,  Pa.,  where  he  was  born  in  1830;  his  father,  John  Kost,  was  by 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  443 

occupation  a  flirmcr  and  blacksmith,  who  moved  to  Knox  Co.,  O., 
in  1832  ;  his  wife  was  Mrs.  Elizabeth  (Wolf)  Kost.  Duriiifz;  the 
infancy  of  William  Kost  his  father  died,  leaving  to  the  care  of  Mrs. 
K.  10  ciiildren.  In  a  new  country  with  so  large  a  family  avc  well 
know  she  had  a  hard  struggle,  but  was  never  discouraged.  She 
labored  faithfidly  and  in  the  declining  years  of  life  she  lived  in 
affluence.  She  died  near  jNIt.  Vernon,  O.,  at  the  age  of  77.  Early 
in  life  William  learned  the  trade  of  carpeuter,  and  in  18o0  conclud- 
ed to  come  west,  and  accordingly  came  to  this  county,  where  he 
erected  many  buildings.  In  1<S5(>  he  was  married  to  Miss  INIartha 
M.  Bottenberg.  Al'ter  a  residence  of  12  years  in  Vermont  and 
vicinity  he  settled  at  Astoria,  where  he  erected  in  conjunction  with 
others  the  Fulton  Flouring  ^Tills,  which  has  3  run  of  stone  on  local 
trade.  Associated  with  him  is  Mr.  Nicholas  llipsley.  In  1874  he 
erected  his  present  handsome  residence. 

John  M.  Lane,  liveryman,  located  in  Astoria  iNIarch  lo,  1874. 
Four  years  ago  he  purchased  ground  on  the  northeast  corner  of  the 
square  where  he  erected  his  present  large  stables;  since  which  time 
he  has  had  control  of  a  large  proj)ortiou  of  the  livery  business  of 
Astoria,  running  from  9  to  12  head  of  horses  and  carrying  a  good 
stock  of  the  best-make  buggies  and  carriages.  Mr.  L.  was  born  in 
Missouri  and  passed  his  boyhood  and  youth  in  Cuba,  where  he 
received  a  fair  education.  With  little  ex('ej)tion  he  has  been  a 
life-long  resident  of  Fulton  Co.  In  Aug.,  1867,  he  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Miss  Mary  Milligan,  who  passed  through  the  portals 
into  eternity  on  the  li)th  of  January,  1879. 

JI.  K.  Lerew,  proprietor  of  one  of  the  leading  meat  markets  of 
Astoria.  In  many  ways  he  has  proved  himselt'a  live  business  man. 
Last  winter  he  erected  an  ice-house  of  large  capacity,  and  is  fully 
prepared  to  furnish  the  citizens  of  Astoria  with  the  choicest  cuts  of 
meat  always  fresh  and  nice.  He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1851. 
His  father,  Sunuel  Lerew,  was  of  French  origin;  he  died  when  our 
subject  had  attained  only  his  seventh  year,  and  in  consequence  but 
little  is  known  of  his  early  life.  At  18  Michael  left  Pa.  foi-  111.  and 
located  at  Astoria.  He  first  entered  into  business  u])on  his  own 
account  in  1873.  During  that  year  he  married  Miss  Kate  Ileltzel, 
a  diughter  of  <Ionas  lleltzi'l.     They  have  two  chidren. 

William  Lewis,  farmer,  sec.  35 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  Mr.  L.  is  a 
native  of  Kentucky  and  a  son  of  Wilson  and  Mahala  (Turner) 
L'3wis.  His  fithor  is  a  prominent  farmer  of  this  county.  William 
was  born  in  1844  and  was  the  third  child  of  a  family  of  7.  He  was 
9  years  of  age  when  his  family  settled  here,  and  this  he  has  since 
made  his  home.  1870  he  was  wedded  to  Rebecca  Savers.  George 
and  Harvev  were  born  to  them.  In  1877  Mrs.  L.  died  and  her  re- 
mains were  consigned  to  earth  in  Astoria  cemetery.  In  1878  Mr. 
L.  united  his  fortunes  with  those  of  Mary  C.  Turner. 

Michael  Lind,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  where  he 
passed  his  childhood.     Pie  followed   farming  there,  and  was  united 


444  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

in  marriage  with  ^liss  Mary who  has  borne  him  10  children, 

of  whom  9  are  living, — David,   Lizzie,  Mary,  Abe,  Susan, , 

Michael,  Carl,  Diana  and  Mendelia.  Eleven  years  after  his  marriage 
Mr.  L.  settled  in  Fulton  Co.  Having  some  means  he  purchased 
80  acres  of  land  in  Astoria  township,  where  he  resided  up  to  the 
time  of  his  demise,  which  occurred  8ept.  14,  1872.  Mr.  L.  is  de- 
scribed as  an  industrious,  honest  farmer,  and  in  his  death  the  county 
lost  a  most  valuable  citizen. 

James  Lif  eh  field,  farmer,  sec.  19;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  is  the  son  of 
Leonard  and  Mary  (Sj)aulding)  Litchfield,  and  was  born  in  the  State 
of  New  York,  Sept.  15,  1801.  His  father  was  a  soldier  in  the  war 
of  1812,  and  followed  farming  and  milling  during  the  greater  portion 
of  his  life.  James  is  the  third  of  a  family  of  5  children,  and  on 
attaining  his  eighteenth  year  he  moved  to  Coshocton  Co.,  O.,  and 
learned  the  trade  of  manufacturing  windmills.  While  a  resident  of 
Ohio,  in  1825,  he  took  unto  himself  a  wife  in  the  person  of  Hannah 
Henderson,  who  bore  hiui  4  children.  Mrs.  L.  was  laid  at  rest  in 
1836,  and  the  following  year  he  married  ]Miss  Jane  Livingston, 
daughter  of  William  Livingston,  a  well-known  earlv  settler  of  Co- 
shocton  Co.  There  were  born  to  this  marriage  8  children,  all  of 
whom  are  living, — Elizabeth,  Sarah  J.,  Harriet,  Emily,  Olive,  Jane, 
Manf  )rd  and  Martha.  On  his  arrival  here  ^Ir.  L.  lived  in  a  small 
round-log  cabin,  the  eaves  of  which  otfercd  a  tempting  roosting  place 
for  the  numerous  wild  turkeys.  He  soon  erected  a  better  cabin, 
which  answered  his  family  for  a  long  time. 

Martin  Lifc.'ijield,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  5  ;  P.  O.,  Vermont. 
Chauncey  Litchfield,  the  father  of  our  subject,  was  a  native  of  New 
York  State,  where  he  followed  agricultural  pursuits.  During  the 
early  settlement  of  Ohio  he  located  in  Coshocton  Co.  and  lor  a 
number  of  years  resided  in  that  State  ;  in  all  ]irobability  was  married 
th'.>re.  His  wife  was  Miss  Martha  Knight,  who  bore  him  (5  children, 
of  whom  Martin  was  the  youngest.  He  passed  his  boyhood  and 
grew  to  manhood  in  this  county,  receiving  a  liberal  education.  Mr. 
L.  states  that  during  his  boyhood  very  little  land  through  this 
section  was  under  cultivation,  and  for  the  most  part  was  heavily 
timbered.  Li  1858  he  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Pollock, 
daughter  of  David  Pollock,  l)y  whom  he  lias  8  children, — Frank, 
Elmer,  Sophia,  Lnvina,  Oscar,  Cora,  Stella  and  Bessie. 

Lovcll  &  Smith,  dealers  in  groceries,  queensware,  etc.  These  gen- 
tlemen are  among  the  live,  enterprising  merchants  of  Astoria.  They 
associated  them^i'lves  together  only  a  year  ago,  yet  have  built 
up  a  large  trade.  The  firm  is  successor  to  Argo  cV:  Lovell,  who  pur- 
chased the  present  ])roperty  three  years  ago.  In  addition  to  the 
al)ove  line  Messrs.  Lovell  ct  Smith  are  the  only  ice  dealers  in 
A>^toria.  Last  year  they  stored  90  tons  of  fine  ice.  They  intend  to 
ui  d<e  this  line  a  specialty  and  supply  Astoria  and  surrounding 
country.     As  a  firm  they  deserve  the  patronage  of  the  people. 

J.  L.  Lunt,  farmer,  sec.  22;  P.  O.,  Astoria.     On  the  9th  of  Nov., 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUXTT.  445 

1842,  Jason  L.liunt  urrivcd  at  Sharpe's  Laiulino-,  Fulton  Co.,  later 
he  made  his  way  to  Woodland  towushij),  and  purchased  a  quarter- 
section  of  land,  and  (5  years  later  moved  into  Astoria  township.  He 
is  a  native  of  Maine,  where  he  was  born  Oct.  27,  ISlf).  His  father, 
Rufus  Hunt,  was  born  in  the  same  State,  where  he  followed  farm- 
ing; and  there  married  Mrs.  Ruth  Smith,  also  a  native  of  Maine  and 
and  whose  ancestry  were  amon^  the  pioneers  of  New  Kn<2;land.  Of 
this  marriasje  10  children  were  born, and  what  is  remarkable,  all  are 
livins:  at  the  present  writinji;.  At  the  early  aji'e  of  1(5  Jason  shi])pe(l 
on  board  a  merchant-vessel,  makinji:  two  voyaurs  to  p]uroj)e,  and 
subsequently  became  employed  in  a  woolen  mill.  Attaining  his 
majority  he  again  shipi)cd  before  the  mast,  this  time  on  Lake  Erie. 
For  several  vears  he  led  a  somewhat  roviiii>:  life,  and  finally,  in  1<S42, 
set  foot  in  old  Fulton,  where  he  has  accumulated  wealth  as  a  farmer. 
In  184o  he  was    mirried  to  Miss  Jane  Derrell  of  Kennebunk,  Me. 

B.  W.  Liifz,  am;riculturist.  Althou<;h  not  among  the  first  settlei*s, 
yet  Balseer  \V.  Lutz  as  a  ])rominent  farmer  is  worthy. of  space  in  a 
local  history.  He  was  born  in  Kentucky,  Aug.  2o,  1811),  and  is  the 
eldest  son  of  Daniel  and  Diana  Lutz,  who  had  moved  to  Kentucky 
from  the  Old  Dominion  State.  They  returned  again  to  Virginia, where 
B.  W.  grew  to  manhood.  April  14,  1840,  he  was  nnirricd  to  Miss 
Eliza  Ulray,  who  was  a  daughter  of  John  Ulray  and  born  in  Rock- 
ingham, Va.,  Ai>ril  5,  1817.  Fourteen  years  later  he  came  to  As- 
toria, and  soon  purchased  a  jiortion  of  his  present  farm.  He  now 
owns  240  acres  of  land  rarely  equaled  in  this  portion  of  Fulton. 
Eight  children  were  born  of  the  marriage,  o  of  whom  are  living, — 
Diana,  the  wife  of  Perry  Farrow  ;  John  IL,  whose  name  appears 
elsewhere  in  this  book  ;  J.  B.  C  ;  W.  R.,  who  married  Miss  Maggie 
Swisher ;  Eliza  J.,  who  resides  on  the  homestead. 

John  H.  Lutz,  agriculturist,  was  born  in  Va.,  and  is  the  second 
child  of  B.  AV.  Lutz,  of  the  Old  Dominion  ;  he  was  a  farmer  and 
married  ^liss  Eliza  L^lray.  In  1.S54  oNlr.  L.  moved  his  family  to 
111.  and  settled  in  Astoria  township,  where  he  resides  at  the  present 
time.  John  grew  up  in  this  county.  He  first  [jurchased  200 
acres  of  land  and  now  owns  'MiO  acres.  In  18()9  he  was  married  to 
Miss  Caroline  Danncr,  daughter  of  Jacob  Danner,  who  is  regarded 
as  one  of  model  larmcrs  ol'  111.,  and  the  owner  of  nearly  1,000  acres 
of  land.     Of  this  marriai>;c  4  children  were  born. 

Solomon  Li/hdrqer,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  f) ;  P.  O.,  Astoria. 
Mr.  L.  is  a  native  of  Knox  Co.,  ().,  where  he  was  born  Aug.  5, 
1820.  His  father,  D.inicl  Lybarger,  was  a  native  of  Jiedford  Co., 
Pa.;  he  was  a  farmer  by  occupation,  married  Anna  Geary,  and  had 
a  family  of  9  children,  of  whom  Solomon  was  the  eldest  son.  Daniel 
Lybarger  moved  to  Ohio  in  an  early  time,  and  while  living  there, 
1844,  Solomon  marri(>d  Miss  Rosanna  Frcy,  and  the  following  year 
he  came  west  and  located  in  Fulton  Co.,  where  he  has  since  been 
a  prominent  resident.  He  first  worked  as  a  farm  hand  and  two 
years  later  purchased  a  farm,   which   is  one  of  the   best   improved 


446  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUXtY. 

farms  in  Astoria  townsliip.  The  marriage  of  j\Ir.  and  Mrs.  Lvbar^er 
has  bepii  blessoil  with  11  chihlrcMi,  9  of  wliom  arc  liviiio;, — Daniel, 
Walter  R.,  Amelia,  Delos,  Marion,. Edmond,  Emma,  Amanda  and 
Ehner. 

Thomas  Mafhe^rson,  ]^hoto«>:raplier,  was  born  in  Jefferson  Co.,  O,. 
January  14,  18;]0.  His  father,  Wm.  ]\Iathewson,  was  a  tlioroiigh- 
going  business  man  of  Ohio,  and  subsequently  followed  farming  in 
III.  Thomas  came  to  Astoria,  and  in  1850,  Avhile  a  resident  of 
Schuyler  Co.,  he  took  the  California  mining  fever  and  accordingly 
crossed  the  plains,  landing  at  Sacramento  Aug.  5.  AVhile  there  he 
purchased  the  old  Sutter  saw-mill  j)roperty  and  succeeded  quite  well 
as  a  miner,  although  engaged  in  the  famous  lawsuit  growing  out  of 
this  disputed  property.  In  1852  Mr.  M.  returned  to  111.  and  settled 
in  McDonoutih  ('o.  In  1853  he  was  united  in  niarriaue  to  Miss 
Jennie,  daughter  of  John  iNIathewson.  Later  in  life  Mr.  M.  turned 
his  attention  to  portrait  painting  and  met  with  wonderful  success. 
In  1862,  learning  his  present  business,  he  settled  at  Astoria  where  he 
has  a  fine  gallery.  While  he  devotes  himself  to  this  art  Mrs.  Mathew- 
son  is  no  less   enterprising  and   conducts  a  first-class  establishment. 

Samuel  JIa.circ/l,  farmer  and  stocU-raiser,  sec.  13;  P.  ().,  Astoria. 
Mr.  M.  is  native  of  Fulton  Co.,  and  was  born  on  the  old  homestead 
of  his  parents  Nov.  3,  1844.  His  father,  James  Maxwell,  is  well 
remembered  by  the  pioneers  of  this  section  ;  he  was  born  in  Bartel 
Co.,  Va.,  and  in  an  early  day  moved  to  Ohio  and  there  followed 
farming.  There  he  married  Miss  Polly  Corbett,  by  whom  he  raised 
a  family  of  5  children,  Samuel  the  youngest.  In  1865  Samuel  en- 
listed in  Co.  G,  155th  regiment.  In  1872  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage with  Miss  Sarah  Brickor,  daughter  of  Amos  J^ricker.  They 
have  had  3  children,  of  whom  two  are  living, — Florence  A.  and 
Minnie  M. 

Edward  McClelland,  farmer,  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  24;  P.  O., 
Astoria.  Edward  McClelland  is  one  of  the  leadino-  fiu-mers  of  this 
township,  where  he  was  born  July  18,  1849.  Robert  and  Priscilla 
INIcCIclland  were  his  parents.  In  1870  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Miss  Rebecca  Teter,  daughter  of  Noah  and  Catharine  Teter. 
Lutie  and  Carrie  arc  their  children.  Mr.  McC.  is  the  owner  of  a 
fine  firm  |)roperty  of  149  acres. 

Jo/t)i  Mc(  7(//(tiid,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  was  born  in  this  county 
in  March,  1810.  His  father,  Robt.  McClelland,  of  whom  we  speak 
above,  was  born  in  Ireland  and  came  tt)  America  nearly  half  a 
century  ago.  He  at  first  settled  in  Ohio,  then  came  to  Bond  Co., 
III.  John  grew  to  manhood  in  Fulton  Co.,  and  remcnd)ers  the 
time  when  Astoria  was  c(»mpi»scd  of  only  a  few  ])lainly  constructed 
houses.  At  such  <Mid  times  as  the  duties  of  the  farm  would  permit 
he  attended  the  district  schools.  In  1865  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  A.  Hopkins,  a  daughter  of  G.  D.  Hopkins,  a  well- 
known  early  settler  of  this  county.  There  were  born  of  this  mar- 
riage  4   children, — Laura    M.,    Esther  H.,  Albert  J.  and  E.  M. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  447 

Mrs.  McC.  died  in  1872,  and  in  1<S74  ho  was  married  to  Miss  T.  M. 
Bartholow.     They  have  two  chihlren:   P^niily  and  Robt.  C 

Mrs.  PriKcilht  McClclknuJ,  relict  of  Robert  McCleUand,  was 
born  in  Jeiferson  Co.,  C,  in  1814.  In  an  early  day  her  parents 
moved  to  111.  Her  maiden  name  was  Marshall,  and  she  was  mar- 
ried June  30,  lS:i(),  to  Rolxn-t  MeClelland,  a  native  of  Ireland, 
who  was  born  in  1801.  But  little  of  his  early  life  is  known;  his 
father  died  when  he  had  attained  his  twelfth  year,  and  thus  while 
young  he  was  thrown  upon  his  own  resources.  He  learned  the 
trade  of  a  weaver,  and  at  19  crossed  the  ocean  for  America.  He 
went  to  N.  J.,  but  did  not  long-  remain  there;  he  came  to  Illinois 
prii)r  to  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and  soon  afterward  came  to  Astoria 
township  and  engaged  in  farming.  Mr.  McClelland  was  a  farmer 
of  uncommon  energy  and  set  to  work  making  a  farm  in  the  timber, 
and  how  well  he  succeeded  in  life  is  well  known  to  the  business  and 
farming  communitv.  When  his  life's  labors  drew  to  a  close  there 
were  others  besides  near  and  dear  relations  who  missed  the  familiar 
face. 

FinJey  McC'irm'ick,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  Vermont.  Among  the 
more  substantial  farmers  and  early  residents  of  Fulton  Co.,  Finley 
McCormick  deserves  a  place.  He  was  born  in  Fayette  Co.,  Pa., 
Oct.  13,  1823.  His  father.  Booth  McCormick  was  a  farmer  in 
Pennsylvania  and  there  passed  the  remainder  of  his  life.  In  1855 
Mrs.  McCormick  settled  in  Astoria  tp.,  and  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
came  the  following  year.  He  had  mari-ied  in  the  Keystone  State, 
Miss  Ann  Hogsett  in  1818.  Having  ])urcliased  a  farm  the  yetir  of 
his  arrival,  Mr.  McC.  set  about  making  a  home  and  through  well 
directed  efforts  has  succeeded.  There  were  born  of  the  marriage  of 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  McCormick  8  children,  7  of  whom  are  living, — Ella, 
Lizzie,  Alice,  Ross,  Chas.  E.,  Robert  F.  and  Jane. 

Hariri/  Mc Connie!:,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  9  ;  P.  O.,  Ver- 
mont. Mr.  McCormick  ranks  amona:  the  |n'omincnt  farmers  of  Ful- 
ton Co.  He  was  born  in  Fayette  C  ).,  Pa.,  33  milc^  above  Pitts- 
burg, April  30,  1819.  His  fither,  Booth  McCormick,  came  from 
Ireland  in  an  early  day  and  settled  in  New  Jersey,  where  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Phoebe  Wheaton,  l)y  whom  he  has  had  11  children.  Dur- 
ing the  early  settlement  of  Pennsylvania  he  located  in  Fayette  Co. 
Owing  to  the  limited  means  of  his  parents  and  the  poor  advantages, 
he  received  only  a  meager  education  ;  he  has,  however,  by  jiersonal 
exertion  and  observation  gained  much  knowledge.  In  1845  he 
married  Miss  Elizabeth  Hogsett,  of  Pa.  He  followed  firming  in 
Pa.,  and  in  1853  came  to  Astoria  tp.,  where  he  purchased  160 
acres.  He  set  to  work  in  his  Western  home  and  soon  displayed 
more  than  ordinary  skill  as  a  farmer.  Step  by  step  he  accumulated 
land  and  other  property,  and  now  he  owns  over  800  acres  of  valu- 
able land.  Of  the  marriage  above  referred  to  7  children  were 
born, — Clark,  Irwin,  Amzie,  Finley,  Thomas  B.,  Benton,  Ella 
and  Ida. 


448  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Samuel  W.  j\hCmic,  station  agent  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  Railroad. 
This  gentlemin  is  one  of  the  most  courteous  agents  of  this  great 
corporation.  He  was  born  at  liloomington,  Monroe  Co.,  Ind,,  July 
27,  1832.  Hi  WIS  edii:'  te  1  at  Bloomington,  this  State.  While 
residing  in  Indiana,  he  selected  as  his  future  profession  tiiat  of  tele- 
grapliy.  He  accordingly  proceeded  to  Terre  Haute,  where,  and  in 
other  cities,  he  became  an  apt  jMipil,  and  in  time  a  skillful  operator. 
By  the  Peoria  &  Springfield  R.  R.  ('o.  he  received  the  oflfer  of  a 
situation  in  the  conip;uiy's  office  at  Pekin.  There  he  gained  the 
esteem  of  his  superiors  in  the  capacity  of  agent.  He  remained 
there  for  over  a  year,  when  he  became  employed  by  the  C,  B.  &  Q. 
R.  R.  at  xVstoria.  Since  here,  he  has  proven  himself  a  capable  busi 
ness  man  and  keeps  ]);\t'e  with  the  times.  In  1874  he  was  marrie- 
to  Miss  Mattie,  daughter  of  John  H.  Ramsey,  of  Ind.  They  had 
one  child,  R.  L.,  born  at  Crawfordsville,  Ind. 

John  3It'L'iren,  agriculturist,  is  a  native  of  Scotland,  where  he 
was  born  in  Oct.,  1818.  His  father,  Robert  McLaren,  was  a  farmer 
by  oeeuj>ition  and  who  mirried  Miss  Marv  Gory,  by  whom  he  had 
7  children.  He  crossed  the  Atlantic  with  his  family  in  1823,  land- 
ing at  Philadelphia.  He  remained  but  a  short  time  there  when  he 
settled  in  Gibson  Co.,  Ind.  Six  months  thereafter  he  died.  For  6 
years  Mrs.  McLaren,  who  was  a  lady  of  uncommon  energy,  labored 
hard  to  support  her  family.  In  1827  she  came  to  this  Co.  and  set- 
tled near  Astoria,  in  what  is  now  Woodland  tp.  The  country  was 
rough,  their  nearest  neighbor  lived  miles  away  and  the  only  means 
of  <rriudin(>:  grist  was  in  a  rude  horse-mill  situated  near  Rushville. 
In  184;>  John  was  married  to  INIiss  Nancy  H.  Clapper  of  Kentucky, 
by  whom  he  iiad  I'l  children,  8  of  whom  are  living, — Martin  A., 
"NVilliam  B.,  Robert  H.,  John  T.,  Luciuda  J.,  Oliver  J.,  Chas.  E. 
and  Nancy  M. 

R.  F.  McLaren,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  was  born  in  Woodland 
township,  this  county,  in  183o.  His  father,  Peter  McLaren,  who 
resides  in  Woodland  tp.,  has  lived  in  Fulton  county  upwards  of 
half  a  century.  He  holds  a  leading  position  as  a  farmer  and  is 
well  known  throughout  this  section.  Robert,  whose  name  heads 
this  sketch,  passed  his  boyhood  in  M'oodland,  and  in  his  eighteenth 
year  was  apjtrenticed  to  learn  the  wagon  and  earriage-nudcing  trade, 
and  for  a  number  of  years  worked  as  a  journeyman  in  Astoria.  He 
has  served  as  Town  C'lerk,  School  Director  and  a  member  of  the 
Town  I?i)ard,  and  in  18()9  was  elected  J.  P.  In  1857  he  was  niar- 
rietl  to  Miss  Amanda  Lane,  daughter  of  Isaac  I^ane,  of  Ky.  They 
have  2  children. 

Robert  McLaren,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  25;  P.  O.,  Astoria. 
In  relating  the  life  experience  of  Robt.  McLaren  we  go  back  to  a 
])rrio<l  of  time  in  ])ion(>er  historv  when  seareelv  a  fence  l)roke  the 
monotony  of  a  boundless  prairie.  He  was  born  in  Scotland,  in  Nov., 
1816,  and  when  6  years  of  age  his  parents  landed  in  America.  He 
spent  a  portion  of  his  youth   in   Indiana.     His   mother,  who  had 


^j^^/T^^^ty 


ASTORIA 


OF  THE 
UN-IVrKSlTY   OF  ILLINOIS. 


ITIPTOTJV    nV    ITI/roX    COINTT.  4ol 

lost  the  partner  <»f  luT  life,  located  in  Fulton  ( "o.  in  I.SiiT.  Two 
vears  previously,  however,  Kolx-i't  aeeonipanicd  Daniel  MeNoil,  a 
well-kiiown  early  pioneer  ot"  the  West,  and  who  settled  near  what  is 
now  Ast(»ria.  He  lived  with  this  family  for  many  years  and  dc- 
seribes  this  and  adjoining-  townships  as  hcint^  heavily  tind)ered,  no 
j)rairie  for  many  miles  around.  In  18o9  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Miss  Martha  lvlepj)er.  In  18.38,  in  company  with  John  Mefja- 
ron  he  purchased  jiropcrtv  to  the  amount  of  KiO  acres.  In  j)i(»neer 
days  he  suffered  many  ineonveiueneies,  but  his  health  was  good, 
the  land  was  productive,  markets  were  many  miles  away  of  course, 
and  compensation  for  raising  produce  was  small  :  still  he  lived  haj)- 
l)ily.  They  have  had  9  children  born  to  them,  8  of  whom  are  living, 
—  William  H.,  Mary  K.,  dane,  Peter  J..  Parker,  Thomas  F.,  Mar- 
tha, and  Hester  A  ;  Xaney  being  dead. 

T.  M.  J/(VV'(/,  eontracter  and  builder,  came  to  Astoria  ibur  years 
ago,  and  has  succeeded  in  l)uilding  up  a  large  trade,  frecpiently 
w(»rking  from  (5  to  '20  men,  most  of  them  being  skilled  workmen. 
He  has  crt'cted  many  tine  structures  Ixtth  in  town  and  throughout 
the  surrounding  country.  He  comph'ted  the  magniticent  buildings 
on  Broadway  occupied  by  Dilworth  Carter's  dry-goods  house, 
Mooney's  (h-ug-store,  the  l)ank  building,  also  Bonuel  I^ros.,  and 
many  other  of  the  tine  buildings  that  grace  the  town.  During  the 
4  years  he  has  resided  here  he  has  received  and  continues  to  receive 
large  orders  from  residents  of  both  town  and  country  to  which  he 
gives  his  special  personal  attention. 

('.  X.  Mernll,  of  the  Hrm  of  W.  W.  Merrill  <V:  Hro.,  book  dealers, 
became  established  in  business  in  Astoria  in  connection  with  \\'.  I). 
Merrill,  deceased,  in  1S75,  and  opened  their  business  first  in  the 
|)ostof1iee  building.  They  erected  their  present  building  in  ]87(). 
^^^  B.  MerriU,  the  senior  nicnd)cr  of  the  firm,  died  .V])ril  •>,  1879. 
Since  that  date  NTr.  ('.  S.  Mei-rlll  has  been  at  the  head  of  the  estab- 
lishment, which  will  compare  favorably  with  any  of  this  line  in 
Fulton  CV). 

//<'^/r//  J/r/T/V/,  fanner  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  '24;  P.  ().,  .\storia. 
Mr.  ^[errill  is  one  of  the  leading  agriculturists  <if  this  countv  and 
bears  the  re})utation  of  a  wise,  energetic  busini^ss  man,  and  an  enter- 
l)rising,  generous  citi/.en.  He  was  born  in  Main(>  Api-il  12,  182(). 
His  father,  Israel  Merrill,  was  also  a  native  of  that  State,  where  he 
was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  l.iydia,  daughter  of  Abel  Merrill. 
The  history  of  those  who  bear  the  name  of  Merrill  in  this  section  of" 
the  country  is  (piite  interesting.  Sir  Peter  ^Ii-rrill  canu'  from  Kng- 
land  and  settled  in  Mass.,  and  it  is  supposed  that  those  who  bear 
the  name  are  descen<hmts  of  the  colony  that. settled  there.  Owing 
to  our  limited  space  we  are  comjx'lled  to  note  only  events  of  tho.s(> 
of  this  day  and  generation.  Israel  Merrill  left  his  (dd  home  in 
Maine  (hiring  the  autumn  of  18.38,  and  after  a  long  journey,  mostly 
by  water,  landed  in  Astoria  tp.,  and  purchased  160  acres  of  land. 
Mr.  M.  worked  early  and  late,  and  in  time  became  comfortably  sit- 

28 


4-5'2  msrroKY  or  nnLTox  nor^fTT. 

uate*!.  H*-  di«e«l  Nov.  12,  1^76.  Mrs,  M.  dierl  Sept.  10,  1857. 
Hifmiy  jj««*rl  hi*  «^rlv  year*  amid  the  a«^j*ciation.%  of  pionetr  life. 
X«v-  14,  Mi41f  be  wa*  uniterl  in  marriage  to  Mi.%j»  Sarah  MeXeill, 
dan^ter  <r/f  David  MeXeill,  one  of  the  juioneer*  of  thi*  erjiunty,  and  a 
soldier  <fj»f  the  war  of  1  Hi  2.  We  find  orrrsa^ion  to  mention  thi.*  gentle- 
roan  ftiequentlr  in  thi*  vork.  Henrj-  !klerrill  ha*  *n<?f*e<led  well  in 
hi«  eho«*ti  ornrru|iati<»n.     In  1  i^*4^  he  had  a  farr  .    f  JrfO aere»  ; 

be  now  ha*  'I^f  aere*  in  thi*  rjonnty,  16o  in  "^  '  w,.  and  land 

in  Kanjsaj^.     3Ir.  and  Mr*.  M.  have  Vj>een  bh-  12  children,  0 

of  whom  are  living, — Luther  iL,  Ellery  C,  Lydia,  Henrj'  L.,  Belle, 
Hattie,  Ja<r3fjtb,  Nellie  and  Benjamin  R.  Ellerj'  and  Lather,  who  re- 
side on  the  bom^#t<fiad^  arif;  both  marrierL  The  former  married  Man.- 
E,  Bell,  Jnne  1,  1^75.  Loth*^  married  Mar\-  Meredith,  December 
ISI,  1*$7^. 

Jf^/h  W.  MerriUf  farmer;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  i«f  a  nati^'e  of  Maine, 
where  be  wa*  J>om  April  6,  1#*23,  AVe  have  spoken  of  hi»  parent* 
elsewhere.  He  (f.-ame  with  hk  parrmt*  to  111.  when  be  wa*  a  lad  16 
year*  old.  In  li^iji  he  was  nniter]  in  marriage  with  Miss  Melvina 
Hudnall,  irlangbter  t4  Wm.  T,  Hndnall.  In  1>J.52,  incrnropany  with 
Wm.  T.  Hndnall,  Cjbarles  3ferrill,  Thornton  Spcmee  and  Alex. 
Borross,  he  start<f?d  for  the  gold^m  sborfts  of  the  PaHfie.  -At  the  <^  ' 
of  4  months  tbej-  land<f?ifl  at  a  small  mining  town  raillerl  '76.  A:^  / 
an  aljwence  of  two  y«rars  Mr.  M.  r*rtnm*,'<l  and  settlwl  npr>n  bis  iarxn. 
Tliey  liave  bad  four  children, — Charbss  L.,  G<^i.,  Mar\'  and  William 
S.     Tbntjrfr  (d  their  ebildrffn  arifr  d<^d. 

Jjidhfr  McrriU,  {skr%uf'.r ^  i^f .  24;  P.  O.,  .Vstoria.  Tlif-  "uojcf^  of 
this  sk^-teh  was  l>om  in  Astoria  township,  F'ulton  Co.,  in  lh4U,  His 
fetb(f;T,  H«;nry  Merrill,  is  one  of  the  well-known  pion^-rs  of  the 
county.  Luther  was  unit«;f]  in  marriage  with  Miss  Mart'  J.  M*rc- 
ditb,  ^laiigliter  of  Jr>s<rpb  Mer^r^lith. 

Hi^fthen  MfirrUl,  farttu^r  and  st<f»<'k-rais*'r,  s<re.  I&;  P.  ^J.,  Astoria, 
Time  has  wrought  many  wonderful  changes^  in  the  great  We»t,  and 
among  tb^j***?  who  have  }»*i*'n  instrumental  in  its  devebipment  and 
jjm/i»jK?nfr*l  with  its  growth  is  Mr.  Merrill.     He  was  \ntm  in  York 
0».,  Me.,  in    HUH.     Attaining  the  age  of  iH  be  stepjxrrd  l^rfore  the 
mast  and  s|»*.'nt   manv  V(r?ars  on  the  stormv  waters  of  the  -Vtlantic 
and  won   distinction  in  his  nautir'al  proff2-sion.     He  r(m^  from  one 
fifjisition  to  amitber  until  he  mas  first  mate.     In  1831  he  was  marnVrrl 
to  Hannah  F.  Humbam.  who  die<l  in  ]H'i2.     The  follow! r.         -  h*- 
detcrrain*.'^!  to  "frast  anchor"  in  the  then  far  W(f-st  and  a^<  ..  ....gly 

r^me  to  what  is  now  Wr^xlland  tp.  For  many  years  he  workwl 
harrJ  at  bis  new  vtH^aiton  to  get  a  start  in  lili?.  l>;wistown,  Mar;omb 
and  Rn^bville  wer*r  the  princiiial  trading  j)»<»ints.  In  18'Jobc  mar- 
riwl  -Miss  KlJzaUrtb  Mar*»ball.  Six  of  their  eight  children  arc  liv- 
ing,— Hannah.  Williarii,  Henrv'  H.,  .\ngeline,  ElizaU-th  -A.  and 
Lydia.  Mr.  M.  is  now  one  of  the  m'ist  prominent  farmers  of  the 
township  and  displays  a  cr^mmenrlable  generosity  in  all  things 
worthy. 


IIISTOrvY    OF    Fri.TON    COUNTY.  453 

John  ][oon\  of  tho  wi'U-knowii  tirm  ot'  Momv  Bros.  iV:  Co..  pro- 
|)rit'tors  ot"  tho  Astoria  Sj)okc  and  lliil)  Factory,  is  a  native  ot'Ken- 
tnoky,  wluM-c  he  was  Ixtrn  Oct.  'M\  1S;>1.  His  tathcr,  floah  Moore, 
was  l>()rn  in  the  same  state  and  eanie  to  111.  when  .lolni  was  only 
two  vears  old.  He  locatcMl  in  Schuyler  ( 'o.,  where  hoth  his  father 
and  mother  passed  the  remainder  ot"  their  days.  On  attaininu'  his 
majority,  John  heeame  employed  in  a  saw-mill,  and  then>  oainod 
mu<h  oi'  the  experieiie(>  that  enahk's  him  sneeesst'nlly  to  eonduothis 
presi'iit  laru'c  Imsiness.  In  18o2  he  was  nnited  in  marriativ  with 
Miss  Maria  ("hipman.  For  lo  years  Mr.  M.  was  enj>aii-ed  in  the 
luiid)i'r  trade  in  Schuvler  Co.,  an<l  tor  5  years  ran  a  saw-mill  in 
MeDonough  ;  also  had  an  int(>rest  in  a  tlonrint;-  mill.  He  came  to 
Astoria  7  years  ajjo,  and  formed  a  j)artnershi])  with  John  Lovell  and 
l)nilt  the  present  factory.  At  the  end  of  .'>  y(>ars  Mr.  L.  retired 
from  the  lirm,  and  since  then  he  has  admitted  as  partners  L.  H. 
Moore  and  Jesse  Sievei".  Their  mill  i)uildin<;-  is  'J4x7()  with  a 
shed  U)x")()  feet.  This  is  tlu'  only  mill  of  the  kind  in  the  Co.  Last 
vcar  tiiey  hnilt  an  addition  to  the  saw-mill,  a  spoke  liictory  .'UJxTO, 
with  a  shed  "JOxTO  feet. 

/..  //.  Moore,  of  the  lirm  of  Moore  i>i"os.  t"^' Co.,  proprietors  of  the 
Astoria  saw-mill  and  spoke-factorv.  is  a  native  of  Knox  Co.,  Ky., 
v.here  he  was  Itoni  in  IS:*(I.  His  lather,  J.  L.  Moore,  was  born  in 
tin'  same  State,  and  had  a  liberal  cdncatiiin,  and  tor  the  liivater  por- 
tion of  his  life  taiiiiht  schotti,  hnt  also  farmed  to  some  extiMit.  His 
wife  was  Leminah  Kitchen,  also  a  native  Kentnekian.  \\  hen  our 
sid)ject  attained  hi>  fourth  vear  his  parents  moved  to  Indiana  and 
remained  '2  years,  when  they  came  to  Schuyler  Co.,  III.,  near  l\ush- 
ville,  where  vouuij,'  Mooi-e  passed  his  early  years,  and  in  addition  to 
larmiuii' ac(piired  a  knowlednc  of  eoopcrin<i".  \\  Idle  there  he  was 
united  in  marriage  with  M  iss  ().  J .  Sellers,  daiitihtci-  ot"  Thomas 
Scdiers.  Sonu- years  ai^o  he  came  to  I'^ulton  Co.  and  purchased  an 
interest  in  the  >a\\-mill  built  by  John  Mo(U"e.  This  mill  is  (piite  a 
feature  oi"  .Vstoria,  and  a  lar^i'c  an<l  <irowin}i  business  is  transnctcil. 

Isaac  .l///<'/-.v,  fiirincr,  sec.  .'>(!;  !*.().,  Astoria.  Amon^-  the  sub- 
stantial fanners  of  .\storia  township  the  name  ot'  Isaac  Myers  ntust 
not  be  ((verlookeil.  A  native  of"  Pennsylvania,  he  was  Ixtrn  in  1(S41  ; 
at  th(»  at;-e  of"  IS  he  was  apprenticed  to  learn  the  trades  of  stone- 
mason and  biack-layer.  and  I'or  s(une  tinu'  tauu'ht  sch«tol.  Duriiij:; 
the  war  he  enlisted  in  Inrlc  .Sam's  service  in  the  State  Militia  for 
some  months.  Mr.  M.  <'amc  to  Whiteside  C^o.,  HI.,  wIkm'c  he  re- 
mained t"(»i"  a  time  and  then  moved  to  this  county.  I  Ic  was  united  in 
marriaji'c  with  Miss  I  Ic-ter,  daughter  ot"  John  Jiur<j;ard.  ThrccMd" 
the  (!  children  boin  to  themai-(>  livin«r, — Mary  C,  Callie  and  Joseph. 

//.  ./.  Xc/son,  postmaster,  was  bon:  near  C^nincy  in  .Adams  Co., 
111.,  May  'Jl,  1S;?().  His  fithcr,  James  Nelson,  was  a  farmer  and 
die«I  at  Ivushville.  His  wile,  Leah  Ann  Kirkpatrick,  was  a  native 
of  Tennessee.  They  had  (>  children,  of  whom  onr  sid)jeot\vas  the 
eldest.   He  was  reareil  in  Schuyler  Co.,  and  first  turned  his  attention, 


454  lIISTiJRY    OF    Ft'I/rON    (  OFNTl'. 

after  leavinj^tlie  farm  homestead,  to  bntoiii-makiiig  and  sid).se(|uentlv 
to  coo|>ering.  In  18o'i  he  beeame  emj)h)yed  as  a  clerk  in  Adams 
Co.  and  also  in  Schuyler.  In  ISoJl  he  first  settled  in  Fnltftn  and 
became  a  ])crmanent  resident  of  Astoria  in  I87(t,  when  he  entered 
the  employ  of  W.  H.  Scripps.  In  1<S72  he  received  the  api)oint- 
ment  of  Postmaster,  dune  '2'2,  1804,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Jane 
A.  Fackler,  daughter  of  Franklin  and  Caroline  Faeklcr. 

\Vi//liiiii  y<'/sitn,  retired  farmer,  svco;  1*.  ().,  A'ermont.  Mr.  X., 
although  not  among  the  early  })ioneers  of  this  Co.,  is  one  of  the  oldest 
citizens  in  the  Co.  He  was  born  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1800.  His 
father,  \\m.  Nelson,  was  a  natixc  of  Ireland,  came  to  this  eonntrv 
and  settled  in  Pa.,  where  he  married  Pvliza1)eth  Co(»])er  and  reared 
a  family  of  4  children,  Wm.  the  only  surviving  member.  He  was 
left  alone  at  an  early  age  to  struggle  on  in  the  world,  owing  to  the 
death  of  his  parents.  He  learned  the  trade  of  a  carpenter;  married 
Miss  Anna  Hackatt  in  18.*>.">:  came  to  Ohio,  Mhere  he  resided  for  lo 
vears.  .Vt  this  time  lilowiuir  accounts  of  III.  beo-an  to  siiread  over 
the  South  and  East,  and  among  the  many  wlu)  came  was  the  Nelson 
family,  who  landed  in  Astoria  township.  His  farm  was  well  tim- 
bered and  it  took  many  years  to  clear  it.  He  is  now  SO  years  of 
age,  and  resides  with  his  son  Jesse.  Mrs.  N.  died  in  18(j2.  Jesse 
().  Nelson  was  born  in  18.32;  in  1<S.")4  he  was  married  to  Miss  Mary 
Farr,  daughter  of  Cooper  Farr.  They  had  '■]  children, — Edith, 
\'ina  and  Emma. 

Orlaft  <<•  Rohcrtxon,  proprietors  of  the  Buckeye  Saw-mill,  became 
established  in  their  ]>resent  (|uarter>  during  November  of  last  year 
(1878).  Their  mill  was  formerly  located  near  Summum.  AVhile 
transacting  a  most  successful  Inisiness,  furnishing  the  C,  B.  tt  Q.  R. 
R.  alone  5,000  feet  of  bunber  per  day,  on  Oct.  24,  1878,  the  mill 
was  destroyed  by  fire,  caused  by  an  ex])l<»sion,  killing  one  man  out- 
right and  wounding  several.  Messrs.  Oviatt  c^'  Robertson  have 
cniistrueted  extensive  works  here,  and  during  last  winter  shi])ped 
80,0(X)  feet  of  walnut  tind)er.  The  mill  has  a  capacity  of  5,000  feet 
daily,  and  the  tirni  has  j)roven  their  enterprise  and  ability  as  is 
evinced  by  the  success  attending  them. 

Jdrol)  l\ili,ici\  retired  tiirmer,  si'ttled  in  \\  (Midland  tp.  a  (juarter 
of  a  century  ago.  He  is  a  native  of  Maryland,  where  he  ^vas  born 
Jan.  1<),  ISOII.  His  liither  was  also  a  native  of  Md.,  and  in  that 
State  married  Miss  Susan  Miller,  with  whom  he  reare<l  a  family  of 
nine  children,  (u'orge  Pahner,  Jacob's  father,  moveil  to  ()hio. 
when  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  in  his  infancy.  He  grew  up 
in  Jet1er-><ui  Co.,  and  received  a  "  nmnd-log-cabin  education."  He 
lived  in  N'irginia  for  5  years  and  there  married  Elizabeth  Eong- 
streth,  in  Sept.,  \X'M\.  He  came  to  III.  in  185.'],  and  ]>urchased  1  (50 
acres  of  heavily  timberi'd  land,  which  he  set  about  clearing  with  his 
usual  energy,  and  this  is  now  a  well  im])roved  farm.  In  1870,  he 
moved  into  Astoria  and  j)urchased  town  property.  The  marriage 
of  Mr.  and  >[rs.  P.  has  been   blessed  with  10   children,  8  of  whom 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  455 

arc   living, — John,    Alonzo,   Joel,   George,    Loyd,  Melissa,  Mary, 
Ann,  Alice,  Susan  and  Sarah. 

Benjamin  Parri/.  Ivong  years  ago,  when  scarcely  a  steam-boat 
plowed  the  Fatiior  of  Waters,  and  before  the  oceans  Avere  connected 
with  iron  bands,  Benjaniin  PaiTv  nuide  his  way  to  Illinois  and  se- 
lected a  home  in  Fulton  Co.  in  L8;5o.  He  was  born  in  Harrison 
Co.,  O.,  Dec.  6,  1814.  Elsewhere  we  have  spoken  of  his  parents. 
Few  have  witnessed  more  of  the  stirring  scenes  of  pioneer  life  than 
Benj.  Parry  and  his  estimable  wife,  to  whom  he  was  united  on  the 
24th  of  Sept.,  1840.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Edward  and  Ann 
Leaf,  natives  of  England,  as  likewise  Mrs.  Sarah  Parry.  The 
family  crossed  the  ocean  to  America  as  early  as  1838.  .Vfter  a  long 
and  eventful  battle  in  his  Western  home,  Mr.  P.  has  at  last  con- 
(juered,  and  now  resides  in  comfortabh'  circumstances  on  his  farm 
in  this  township.  For  manv  vears  he  lias  led  a  consistent  Christian 
life. 

E.  J.  Parry,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  27 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria. 
Enoch  Parry  may  be  said  to  be  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  this 
county.  He  was  born  in  Tuscarawas  Co.,  ().,  Dec.  11),  1832,  and 
is  the  son  of  Caleb  Parry,  a  native  of  Virginia,  and  who  settled  in 
Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  in  1835,  and  in  1840  came  to  this  townshij), 
where  hi'  j)assed  the  remainder  of  his  days.  Ho  accumulated  con- 
siderable property,  and  was  comfortably  enjoying  his  life  when 
called  away.  His  wife  was  Miss  Reuecca  Engle,  who  was  born  in 
Virginia,  and  is  still  living,  upwards  of  86  years  of  age.  Enoch 
grew  up  here  and  received  a  liberal  education,  which  fitted  him  for 
the  duties  of  a  teacher.  Sul)se(|iiently  he  taught  school  for  a  num- 
her  of  years.  He  was  married  to  .Julia  Jennings,  daughter  of  Jjcwis 
Jennings,  by  whom  he  has  (Uie  chiUl,  Caleb.  Mi-.  P.  started  in  life 
with  no  eaj)ital,  but  willing  hands  and  an  energetic  dis|)osition, 
which  has  (tarried  him  successfully  tiirongh  life. 

Lcircllian  I\(rri/,  farmer,  sec.  1;  1*.  ().,  Astoria.  Caleh  Parry,  the 
father  of  onr  subject,  was  born  in  \'irginia  in  17SKS,  and  in  that 
State  was  married  to  Miss  Rebecca  Engle.  While  this  newly  mar- 
ried couple  were  residing  in  Tuscarawas  Co.,  ().,  Lewellian  was  boi-n 
to  them.  He  grew  U])  and  learned  the  carpenter's  tra<le  there.  In 
183(i  he  came  to  Illinois,  settling  in  Menard  ( 'o.  in  search  of 
employment  he  went  to  Springiield  :  while  there  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage with  Miss  Maria,  daught'er  of  Alexander  ( "rawford.  Jn  18.'>(> 
he  came  to  Astoria  tp.,  where  he  entered  a  ti'act  of  heavv-timbci'cd 
land  on  sec.  1.  He  was  an  excellent  meehanie  and  set  about  to 
provide  a  home  for  his  family.  In  the  er(>ction  of  a  hcwn-log  cabin 
lie  displayed  much  skill,  and  took  great  ])ride  in  his  new  western 
home.  He  found  the  townshi])  but  little  improved  and  neighbors 
by  no  means  ])l(Mity  ;  th(^  fare  wus  fiMigal  ;  horse-mills  then  in  v<igue, 
and  longtri])s  were  niadi'  by  I'arry  to  them,  where  he  patiently  waitetl 
his  tvirn.  His  marriage  with  Miss  Crawford  has  been  blessed  with 
(J  children,  4  of  whom  are  living. 


A^i6  lIISTOItY    OF    rT'I.TON    COrNTY, 

WiUiam  Parry,  farmer.  For  60  years  the  tide  of  eniit;ration  has 
flowed  from  the  East  and  South  to  the  AVest,  and  amonij;  tliose  who 
have  found  homes  in  this  eounty  and  suceeeded  well  in  life  is  our 
subject.  lie  was  horn  in  Tuscarawas  Co.,  Ohio,  June  1(5,  1822. 
His  father,  Caleb  Parry  was  a  native  of  Virginia,  and  removed  in  an 
early  day  to  Harrison  Co.,  C,  where  he  was  married  to  Miss  Re- 
becca Engle,  who  bore  him  12  children,  8  of  whom  still  live  and 
reside  in  different  parts  of  Illinois.  At  the  age  of  1(1  William 
came  with  his  parents  to  Fidton  Co.  Aug.  10,  1842,  he  was  mar- 
ried to  Miss  Miranda  M'alker.  They  have  6  children.  Some 
36  years  ago  AVm.  Parry  began  farming  for  himself,  and  how  he 
has  succeeded  is  well  known.  He  is  now  the  [)ossessor  of  656  acres 
of  land  and  ranks  among  the  leading  agriculturists  of  the  county. 

David  PoKock,  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  ().,  A'ermont.  It  was  during 
the  mouth  of  October,  1838,  that  Mr.  Pollock  became  a  resident  of 
Fulton  Co.  He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  July  4,  1807.  His 
father,  David  Pollock,  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  at  the  close  of 
the  Revolution  came  to  America  and  settled  in  Pennsylvania,  where 
he  learned  the  cooper's  trade,  and  fctllowed  farming  subsequently. 
He  contracted  marriage  with  Elizabeth  Morrow,  also  a  native  of 
Ireland.  Of  this  union  6  children  were  l)oru,  David  being  the 
third,  who  grew  up  in  Ohio,  aiul  in  183.")  was  wedded  to  Mary  AIc- 
Millan.  When  Mr.  P.  came  here  he  })urchased  160  acres  of  land 
and  began  to  build  for  himself  and  family  a  home,  having  only  83 
or  $4  in  money.  He  for  a  time  worked  at  coopering;  getting  a  lit- 
tle ahead,  he  turned  his  attention  to  his  farm  and  was  soon  on  the 
high  road  to  ])rosperity,  and  now  owns  280  acres  of  land  under  a 
fine  state  of  cultivation.  Eight  children  were  born  to  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Pollock,  3  of  whom  perished  in  the  late  war.  INIrs.  P.  died  in  1860 
and  the  next  year  Mr.  P.  married  Miss  Elizabeth  Peterson. 
Thomas  and  Alexander  arc  the  children  of  this  marriage. 

T/iomas  W.  Price,  harness-maker  aiul  dealer  in  saddlery,  is  a 
native  of  New  Salem,  Pa.,  where  he  was  born  in  1846.  There  he 
partially  learned  his  trade,  aiul  completed  it  in  Astoria,  M'here  he 
moved  in  LSfi.").  Fntil  18()(j  ho  was  employed  as  a  journeyman  by 
Green  iSz  Gilliland,  whose  interest  he  ])urchased  that  year,  and  now 
through  his  well-known  skill  as  a  workman  aiul  fair  dealing  con- 
ducts the  harness  trade  of  Astoria.  Mr.  P.  has  held  various  town 
offices  of  trust  and  responsibility,  and  Is  the  j)resent  Township  Treas- 
urer of  school  funds  and  also  a  meud)er  <»f  the  Town  Board.  In 
1876  he  was  elected  Clerk  of  tlie  town.  lie  is  also  Noble  Grand 
in  the  Society  of  Odd  Fellows.  In  1866  he  was  married  to  Miss 
Olive  Hudnall,  daughter  of  S.  A.  and  S.  E.  Hudnall,  by  whom  he 
has  6  children. 

Kpliraiin  Ixciincr,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  4;  P.  O.,  Vermont. 
Tb.e  above  named  gentlenuin  is  a  native  of  Ohio  and  was  born  April 
26,  1833;  his  father,  Daniel  Renner,  also  a  native  of  the  Buckeye 
State,  was  a  shoemaker  by  vocation.      He  married  Miss  Lydia  Fry, 


I 
HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  457 

by  whom  he  reared  a  family  of  10  children,  Ephraim  was  eight 
years  of  age  when  his  parents  arrived  in  Astoria.  Here  his  father 
leased  property  of  Tiionias  Sidwoll,  a  well-known  early  resident  of 
Fulton  Co.  On  this  proj)orty  he  jiassed  the  remainder  of  his  days, 
and  his  wife  four  years  later  followed  her  husband  to  "that  bourne 
from  whenee  no  traveler  returns."  When  the  war  broke  out  Eph- 
riam  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  84th  re^t,,  and  participated  in  many  famous 
battles,  and  was  110  days  under  tire  durinji;  the  Atlanta  campaign. 
July  12,  1857,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Sarah  Powell,  by  whom  he 
had  two  children, — Oscar  and  Omar.  Mrs.  R.  died  Oct.  23,  1803, 
and  in  1866  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Margaret  Carna- 
han,  by  whom  he  has  6  children,  5  of  whom  are  living, — Melinda, 
Melissa,  Columbus,  Charles  and  Arthur. 

Henry  l^ifflc,  farmer,  sec.  7  ;  P.  ( ).,  Vermont ;  is  a  native  of  York 
Co.,  Pa.,  where  he  was  born  in  1837.  Growing  to  manhood  in  the 
Keystone  State,  he  learned  the  plasterer's  trade.  In  1869  he  made 
his  way  to  [llinois,  locating  in  Vermont,  where  he  bought  town 
property  and  for  a  time  worked  at  his  trade.  In  1877  he  purchased 
the  farm  ])ro]>erty  of  Lewis  Haney,  consisting  of  oO  acres  of  well 
improved  land.  February  12,  1860,  is  a  memorable  day  to  Mr.  R., 
for  uj)on  that  day  he  was  joined  in  marriage  to  ISIiss  Matilda,  daugh- 
ter of -lacui)  Frownfcltcr,  a  native  of  ^Nfaryland,  in  which  State  they 
lived  for  7  years  after  marriay;e. 

William  Rose,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  3 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont. 
Mr.  R.  ranks  among  the  opulent  farmers  of  this  township  and  of 
Fulton  Co.  He  is  the  son  of  William  Rose  and  was  born  in  Ross 
Co.,  O,,  March  1(5,  1816.  William,  sen.,  was  born  in  the  Old 
Dominion  and  married  Miss  Susan  Dollard  there.  She  became  the 
mother  of  7  children,  the  subject  of  this  sketch  being  the  third.  In 
Ohio  he  passed  his  boyhood  and  grcAV  uj)  receiving  only  a  limited 
education.  Here  he  contracted  marriage  with  Miss  Ann  F.  Lynn, 
daughter  of  Solomon  and  Flizabcth  Lynn,  who  bore  him  10  chil- 
dren, 8  of  whom  are  living, — John,  James,  Wra.  R.,  Uriah  T., 
Elizabeth,  Susan,  Ann  E.  and  Edith.  In  1836  Mr.  R.  set  out  for 
Illinois,  and  after  the  usual  trij)  in  a  covered  wagon  drawn  by  oxen 
he  arrived  in  Fulton  Co.  For  one  year  he  Tived  in  Pleasant  tp., 
and  then  bought  land  in  this  township.  For  many  years  he  roughed 
it,  but  eventually  succeeded,  and  is  to-day  the  owner  of  nearly  800 
acres  of  fine  farminir  land. 

John  Saurbaa(//i,  of  the  late  firm  of  Saurbaugh  c\:  Zieglcr,  Astoria, 
is  a  native  of  York  Co.,  Pa.,  where  he  was  born  June  10,  1827. 
His  father,  John  Saurbaugh,  was  lioni  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.;  he 
followed  farming  and  married  Miss  Nancy  Royance,  who  bore  him 
7  children,  of  whom  John  was  (he  fifth.  He  grew  uj)  in  his  native 
State,  received  a  liberal  education  and  early  turned  his  attention  to 
agriculture  and  milling.  While  a  resident  of  Pennsylvania  he  was 
married  to  Mrs.  jNIartha  A.  (Jroff,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Gardner. 
This   marriage   has   been   blessed   with  4  children, — Isaac,  George, 


4o8  iNsToiJY   ()!•   I  ri.ro.N   coixi^'. 

Xatluui  and  Knuiui.  Scvonteen  years  ago  Mr.  S.  located  in  Astoria 
t|).  (Ml  a  farm  where  lie  has  since  resided,  except  for  •'>  years  when  he- 
was  en«>ao;ed  in  the  hinilxT  trade  at  Astoria. 

(}(Oi'</i'  V.  >S(ii/('rf<y  farmer,  see.  ',>',*>;  P.O.,  Astoi'ia.  Tlw  ai)ove 
named  gentleman  is  the  youngest  .son  of  Jonathan  Saycrs,  who  lo- 
cated in  Fulton  Co.  manv  vears  ami.  (Treory-e  was  horn  in  Ast(»ria 
t|).  in  IH'")!.  (irrowing  to  manhood  he  received  a  lil)eral  education, 
^larch  .')1,  1.S74,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Mi>s  Delilah 
Wright,  daughter  of  dohn  and  Susan  \\  right,  of  Ohio,  'i'wo  chil- 
dren— Irene  and  \\  ilhelinina — were  born  of  this  marriaw.  Mr. 
S.  holds  the  office  of  School  Director  at   |)resent. 

LoiiiK'I  Sat/t'rs,  farmer  and  stoek-raisei-,  sec.  1^7  ;  1*.  ().,  Ast<u'ia  ; 
was  born  in  Ilarrison  Co.,  ().,  in  1812.  His  fathei',  Jonathan  Sav- 
ers, was  born  in  Xew  fJersey,  and  moved  to  jNIaryland,  where  lie 
married  Susannah  Sing,  by  whom  he  had  (5  children,  Lemuel  being 
the  third  child.  About  the  year  1780  .lonathan  Sayers  settled  in 
Penn.,  and  very  early  located  in  Ohio;  he  to(»k  an  active  part  in 
the  war  of  1.S12,  and  died  in  Ohio  at  the  age  of  02.  In  18.")2,  on 
attaining  his  majority,  Lemuel  .set  out  for  Illinois,  after  a  long  voy- 
age reaching  Havana,  from  whence,  with  John  Easely,  James  Strode 
and  Henry  David,  who  brought  teams  to  trans])ort  the  goods  of  the 
emigrants,  he  went  to  Pleasant  tp.  John  Kasely  owiu'd  a  cabin  in 
what  is  now  I[)ava.  He  settled  in  Astoria  tj).  and  built  a  round-log 
cabin.  Li  Jan.,  1<S4."),  he  was  married  to  Sarah  Jane  Henderson. 
Of  this  union  lo  children  were  born,  7  of  whom  are  living, — 
Thomas,  Wesley,  David,  Martha,  Harriet,  (Jranville  and  Sherman. 
Mrs.  Sayers  passed  away  Jan.  2<S,  187(5,  and  Oct.  4,  1877,  ^Ir.  S. 
was  married  to  Mrs.  b\irniss,  daughter  of  A\'m.  Sullivan. 

Ifniri/  Sc/iixfcr,  was  boiMi  in  York  ( 'o..  Pa.,  in  LS3o.  Passing  his 
bovhood  and  vouth  in  his  native  State,  at  the  ajje  of  18  he  deter- 
mined  upon  locating  in  the  \\'est,  and  selected  Astoria  tp.,  where, 
in  18o8,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Mis-<  Magdalena  Wise,  als(» 
a  native  of  the  Ivey.<tone  State.  Sarah,  Samuel,  Amanda,  Charles, 
Jjydia,  Mai-y  and  Ldward  ari'  the  children  born  to  them.  On  his 
arrival  in  the  West  Mr.  S.  turned  his  attention  to  ditlercnt  pursuits 
in  Astoria.  Twelve*  years  ago  he  rented  a  shoj)  and  started  in  tlu' 
cooper  business;  after  a  moderate  business  lie  sold  out  and  purchas- 
ed the  tannery  formerly  owned  by  fJolin  (Jilliland.  In  this  new 
departure  he  was  successful  and  accumulated  some  means,  and  ])ur- 
chased  SO  acres  of  land  in  this  t|).,  and  now  is  engaged  in  farming, 
owning  KiO  acres  of  w(41-im])rove(l  land  near  Astoi'ia,  his  ])ost-ollice. 

Wlllidiii  J  I.  Scri//i/s,  banker  and  leading  merchant,  is  not  only  a 
well-known  business  man  of  Fulton  Co.,  but  of  the  entire  State. 
He  is  a  (|uiet,  unassuming  gentleman,  whose  fortune  has  bv  n<\ 
means  dauijicncd  a  gentle,  wai'ui-hcartcd  nature.  .June  (>,  187(),  he 
organized  a  ])rivate  l)anking  house.  He  was  then,  as  now,  transact- 
ing a  large  busines.s  as  merchant,  and  fiir  a  number  of  years  had 
carried   ou  his  bankiui,''  business  in  his  stoi-c.      In  1877  he  erected  a 


HISTORY    OF    FTTT^TON    COUNTY.  45H 

substantial  hankin*;  l)uiklin,ii"  and  fitted  it  up  in  beeomino'  style.  In 
a  work  of  this  nature  we  deem  it  due  to  the  people  of  Fulton  Co. 
that  more  than  a  passin<>-  notiee  be  given  to  one  of  their  fellou 
citizens,  who  has  been  so  successful  in  his  busines  career,  and  yet 
l)y  his  honesty,  o-cntleness  and  intciirity  his  name  has  become  a 
household  word,  and  is  used  as  a  synonym  for  those  noble  traits  by 
thousands.  In  lS4n  he  came  from  Rush ville  to  xVstoria,  then  a 
very  small  village,  and  embarked  in  business  as  a  merchant,  dealing- 
in  a  general  line  of  goods.  Ilei-c  he  transacted  a  remarkable  busi- 
ness; his  conduct,  characterized  by  most  scrupulous  u])rightness, 
gained  for  him  the  coniidenc(;  of  the  community,  which  he  lias  ever 
retained.  Shortly  afterwards  he  turned  his  attention  to  the  gi-ain 
trade,  buying  large  (piantities.  About  this  time  he  also  engaged 
extensively  in  ])ork-j)acking,  iu  which  he  met  with  flattering  suc- 
cess. In  1(S77  he  laid  out  "Scripps'  Addition"  to  Astoria,  M'hich  is 
composed  of  over  100  lots, 

J/,  L.  Heverns,  city  barber,  is  a  nativeof  Schnyler  Co.,  111.,  where 
he  was  born  Jan.  14,  185,3.  His  father,  J.  T.  Severns,  is  an  old 
resident  of  Astoria  and  a  carpenter  and  joiner  by  occupation.  I^a- 
fayette  grew  to  manhood  in  this  c(»unty  and  received  a  good  com- 
mon-school education.  For  a  nuniber  of  years  he  worked  at  farm- 
ing; tlien  he  learned  his  present  trade,  at  which  he  has  been  (piite 
successful,  and  has  the  respect  of  every  citizen.  April  '2'),  187"),  he 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Isabel  Tli((ni|)son.  Nellie  is  their 
(tnly  child, 

3frs.  C'(fJi(iriiic  SIkduio)!,  a  resident  of  Astoria  for  KJ  years,  is  a 
native  of  A^irginia,  Avhere  she  was  born  May  14,  1829.  Philip 
W'underley,  her  father,  was  born  in  Penn.,  and  in  an  early  day 
moved  to  Vii'i;inia  and  there  married.  Farlv  in  life  he  learned  the 
carpenter's  trade,  which  he  fdlowed  fir  many  years  of  his  life.  He 
was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Ilitz,  who  bore  liim  \'l  children. 
Catherine,  the  fourth  child,  grew  n|)  in  Virginia  and  was  mariMcd  in 
1851  t<;  Noah  Teter,  a  I'armci'.  Two  years  later  they  moved  into 
Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  and  in  18().">  came  to  Astoria  and  j)nrchased  town 
property  and  for  several  years  was  a  i)artner  of  Mi-.  .1.  W.  Liitz  in 
the  hardware  ])usiness.  Shortly  aftci-  he  dissolved  partncrshij)  he 
was  taken  sick  and  died.  In  1  87.'>  Mrs.  Teter  was  united  in  mar- 
riage with  f).  AV.  Shannon,  who  laid  out  "Shannon's  Addition"  to 
Astoria.  He  died  in  the  year  above  mentioned,  lie  is  a  l)iisiness 
man  and  has  accumulated  con-^iderable  |)ro])erty. 

Eiie(ii<  Sh<i)n}0)i,  deceased,  was  born  in  ()liio  in  l.S()7  ;  grew  u|)  and 
was  married  to  Miss  Melinda  .b^hnson,  in  that  State.  Hei-  father, 
Peter  Johnscm,  was  a  brother  t(t  the  daring  j)ioneer  boys,  John  and 
Henry  Johnson,  who  made  themselves  famous  throughout  Ohio  b\ 
the  killing  of  their  captors,  two  stalwart  Indians.  Air.  S.  settled  in 
Astoria  township  in  1850,  where  he  bought  a  tract  of  20(1  acres  of 
fine  land.  He  died  A[)ril  If!,  187(),  and  his  remains  were  consigned 
to  earth  in  Astoria  cemetery.  He  left  9  children, — lohn,  Nathan, 
Thomas,  Irving,  Asil,  Eneas,  Eliza,  Nancy,  and  Anna. 


4G0  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Nathan  Shannon,  farmer,  sec.  21 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  The  gentleman 
here  named  is  a  native  of  Tuscarawas  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  in 
18'33.  At  the  early  age  of  H)  he  aceompanic^d  his  )»arents,  Eneas 
and  Melinda  Shannon,  to  111.  They  hn-ated  in  Astoria  tp.  on  farm 
property  where  ^.'athan  grew  to  manhood.  When  the  war  broke 
out  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  85th  111.  Inf.  He  was  honorably  dis- 
charged in  18(52,  and  returned  to  Fulton  Co.,  where  he  has  since 
followed  farming.  In  1855  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss 
Elizabeth  Downey,  daughter  of  Jos('])h   Downey,  by  whom   he  has 

children, — Henry,  Ewin,  Maria,  Ada,  Irvin,  Melinda,  Walter, 
Hettriek  and  Eneas. 

Benton  Sharpe,  fiirmer,  sec.  22 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria ;  is  a  native  of 
Fulton  Co.  and  one  of  the  oldest  residents  of  this  township.  His 
lather,  Jacob  Sharpe,  founder  of  Sharpe's  Landing  and  a  well-known, 
prominent  farmer,  we  speak  of  below.  Nov.  25,  1840,  in  the  town 
of  Astoria,  Benton  Sharpe  was  born.  Reared  amid  ])ioneer  associ- 
ates, he  received  a  good  common-school  education.  Inl8fi5he  mar- 
ried Lucy,  a  daughter  of  ^\'.  B.  Carter,  a  well-known  early  settler 
of  this  county. 

J.  Y.  Sharpe,  deceased,  was  a  well-known  merchant  and  agricnl- 
tii-rist  of  Fulton  Co.  He  was  born  in  Sci))io,  Cayuga  Co.,  X.  Y., 
in  Oct.,  1804.  But  little  is  known  of  his  early  life.  He  grew  up  in 
Xew  York  and  received  a  liberal  education,  chicHy  through  hard 
and  persistent  labor,  and  in  after  years  excelled  as  a  grammarian  and 
mathematieian.  While  a  resident  of  the  East  he  taught  school  and 
subsequently  turned  his  attenti(^n  to  agriculture.  He  came  to  111. 
in  an  earlv  dav  and  settled  in  Fulton  Co.,  and  shortly  afterwards 
engaged  in  merchandising  about  three  and  a  half  miles  southeast  of 
Astoria.  He  became  ([uite  successful,  and  came  to  Astoria  shortly 
after  the  organization  of  the  town  and  finished  and  occupied  the 
first  building  begun  in  the  town,  and  |)robably  opened  the  first  stock 
of  iicnei'ai  merchandise  in  Astoria.  Here  he  married  Miss  Jemima 
Safford.  Mrs.  Sharpe  died  many  years  ago  and  was  laid  at  rest  in 
the  village  cemetery.  Mr.  S.  was  united  with  Miss  S.  E.  Morrison 
of  Penn.  Mr.  S.  was  a  shrewd  business  man  and  displayed  uncom- 
mon energy.  He  it  was  who  established  Sharpe's  Jjanding  on  the 
Illinois  river.  Disposing  of  the  Landing,  owing  to  ill  health,  he 
purcliased  farm  property  and  at  one  time  owned  a  1,000-acre  tract 
of  land.  After  a  long  life  of  unusual  prominence  and  position  in 
life  he  i)asscd  away  in  that  dreandess  sleep  that  comes  sooner  or 
later  to  all.  To  his  wife  and  family  he  left  a  large  property.  The 
children  born  of  the  second  niarriage  now  living  are  Flora,  Carrie, 
Mary  and  Lillie. 

WiH'kiih  Shdirrrr,  farmer,  sec.  11  ;  P.  ().,  Astoria;  was  born  near 
Ijcwistown,  this  county,  March  5,  1844.  His  father,  John  Shawrer, 
settled  in  this  county  as'early  as  18:'(j.  He  was  a  blacksmith  by 
trade,  but  the  latter  years  of  his  life  were  devoted  to  farming.  He 
was  married  to  Miss  Marv  Mclntire,  in  Ohio,  who  bore  him  8  chil- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUXTY.  461 

dren, — five  of  whom  are  living-.  William  received  a  good  common- 
school  education  and  early  turned  his  attention  to  farming.  April 
13,  1870,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Libbie  Waggoner,  a 
daughter  of  ex-Sheritf  I).  J.  A\'aggoner.  Thev  have  had  4  children 
born  to  them,  two  of  whom,  Mary  and  Nellie,  are  living. 

Jt'.s'.s7f  tSiercr,  late  of  the  iirm  of  iMoore  J^ros.  A:  Co.,  came  to  Astoria 
in  1871,  and  is  a  native  of  the  Old  Dominion,  where  he  was  born 
in  1842.  His  father,  Solomon  Siever,  was  a  farmer,  and  married,  in 
Va.,  Miss  Elizabeth  ('a])linger,  who  bore  him  11  children,  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  being  the  sixth.  He  accompanied  his  parents  to 
Fulton  countv  when  14  vears  old.  Thev  settled  near  I^ewistown. 
When  he  first  came  to  Astoria  he  became  employed  in  the  grist-mill 
of  Kost  &  Hipslev.  At  the  end  of  four  years  he  purchased  an 
interest  in  the  dry-goods  house  of  G.  W.  Kost.  In  two  years  he 
retired  from  this  business  and  embarked  in  the  hard-wood  lumber 
business.  In  1865  he  was  married  to  Miss  Margaret  Hipsley,  a 
daughter  of  Nicholas  Hipsley,  an  extensive  stock  dealer  of  the 
county.     In  1878  Mr.  S.  built  a  fine  residence. 

John  Skinner,  coal  operator,  is  a  native  of  Scotland,  where  he  was 
born  in  1844,  and  passed  his  childhood  and  youth  and  grew  to 
manhood.  Attaining  his  majority  he  crossed  the  ocean  for  the  New 
World,  and  first  set  foot  in  New  York  cnty  during  March  1865.  He 
went  to  Pa.  and  began  life  as  a  miner,  then  went  to  Cleveland,  111., 
and  in  1870  came  to  Astoria,  where  his  j)ractical  mind  grasped  the 
fact  that  coal  of  a  su])erior  quality  existed  in  abundance,  and  with 
uncommon  energy,  and  he,  in  connection  with  Mr.  W.  H.  Emer- 
son, soon  became  coal  shij)pers.  In  1876  he  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Mrs.  Sarah  E.  Rosia,  a  widow  of  John  B.  Rosia. 

/Samuc/ 6'/y(////,  agriculturist,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1802. 
In  his  youth  he  learned  the  gunsmith's  trade.  In  his  native  State 
he  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  McCormick,  who  became  the 
mother  of  8  children,  7  of  whom  are  still  living, — Harvev,  who  re- 
sides in  Kansas;  Alfred  lives  in  Astoria t[). ;  A.  ,].,  who  married  Miss 
Brown,  lives  in  this  county;  Sanuiel,jr.,  married  Mary  Coe  and 
lives  on  the  fai-m  homestead;  Phoebe  A.  married  John  M.  Tingley, 
and  lives  in  Missouri ;  Mary  resides  in  Arkansas  and  is  the  wife  of 
D.  S.  Schenck ;  Elizabeth,  the  wife  of  J.  G.  Shane,  lives  in  Ne- 
braska. 

I.  B,  Snowden,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  5 ;  P.  O.,  A^crmont. 
was  born  in  Brooke  Go.,  W.  Va.,  in  18.S7,  and  is  the  son  of  p]zra 
and  Margaret  Snowden,  and  was  the  third  of  a  family  of  11  children. 
Ezra  was  a  car})enter  and  boat-l)uilder  by  occupation.  At  the  early 
age  of  19  our  subject  set  out  for  the  West  and  reached  Fulton  Co.  in 
the  spring  of  the  year,  and  engaged  as  a  farm-hand.  In  1861  he 
took  unto  himself  a  wife  in  the  ])erson  of  Miss  Elmira  Henderson, 
daughter  of  Wm.  Henderson,  a  ])ioneer  of  thi^  county.  In  1870  Mr. 
S.  purchased  a  farm  in  McDonough  Co.  Of  the  marriage  with  Miss 
Henderson  the  fruits  have  been  5  children,  3  of  whom  are  living, — 
Laura,  Leuora  and  Leroy. 


4(>'2  HISTORY    OF    Fir/rON    COUNTY 


James  C.  Sparks,  farmer  and  stoek-raiser,  is  a  iiativr  of  llaniiltoii 
Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  Noy.  3,  1830.  His  father,  Levi  Sparks, 
'was  a  farmer  l)y  occupation  and  for  a  number  of  years  deah  in  u:rain  ; 
he  was  married  in  Oliio  to  ]Miss  Sophia  ("omstock.  To  better  their 
condition  in  life  they  conchuh'd  to  move  iartlici-  west  and  accord- 
ingly took  passage  on  the  Ohio  imncv,  going  to  St.  I^onis,  from  there 
to  Beardstown,  thence  to  RnsbvilU'  and  then  came  to  the  ohl  town  of 
W^asliington  ;  moving  to  Schuyler  (  'o.,  he  estal)lished  what  was  known 
in  an  early  day  as  Sparks'  Lauding.  This  was  afterwards  purchased 
by  Jacob  Sharj)e.  ^[r.  S.  died  in  1844,  leaving  to  the  care  of  his 
wife  .'}  eliildi'cu.  James  grew  to  manhood  in  Sclniyler;  on  attain- 
ing his  twenty-first  year  he  moved  to  l^'ulton,  where  he  has  since 
l)een  permanently  identified  with  the  farming  interests.  ^Nfarch  12, 
18o7,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Ida  (_'.  Carter,  daughter 
of  the  well-known  pioneer,  flames  Carter,  deceased.  Mr.  S.  is  ex- 
tensivelv  enofao-ed  in  stock-raisinu'  and  his  short-horn  cattle  are  un- 
sur]iassed. 

Janus  M.  Steele,  confectioner,  .Vstoria.  This  gentleman  is  a  native 
of  Ohio.  His  father,  John  M.  Steele,  was  a  physician,  and  was  also 
born  in  the  Buckeye  State;  his  wife,  Miss  ]\Iarv  K.  Parks,  was  ixirn 
in  the  same  State.  \\'hen  James  attained  his  third  year  his  parents 
moved  to  Til.,  and  settled  in  Astoria,  whei'c  James  received  a  good 
conunon-scli(tol  education.  For  two  years  he  served  as  townshij) 
Collector.  In  1877  he  entered  into  his  ])resent  l)nsiness,  and  has 
met  with  good  success.  In  1S78  he  was  married  to  Miss  Susan 
Palmer,  daughter  of  Jacob  Pahner. 

Jacob  Sirifzer,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec. —  P.  O.,  .Vstoria  ;  was 
born  Nov.  2(),  I82(i,  in  X^irginia.  Henry  Switzer,  his  fatiier,  was  a 
native  of  Pennsylvania,  where  he  lived  for  a  number  of  years,  then 
went  with  his  parents  to  Virginia,  and  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Miss  Mary  Haflher,  daughter  of  Andrew  Haffner.  Jacob  was  the 
third  of  a  family  (»f  7  childi-en,  the  result  of  this  marriage.  He 
grew  up  in  his  native  State  and  remained  there  until  1844  when  he 
came  to  Fulton  Co.,  and  worked  as  a  farm  hand.  In  18-")0  he  was 
unitetl  in  mai'riage  with  Miss  Anna  Xebbergall,  by  whom  he  iiad  11 
chihli-en,  1)  of  whom  are  living, — Samuel,  Harvey,  l'>li/a,  I'^anny, 
David,  \\'alter,  Dora,  Nellie  and  (Jeorge. 

WHHaiii  Siritzir,  fai'uici-,  sec.  .">.")  ;  P.  ().,  Astoria.  William  Switzer 
was  i)orn  on  the  old  farm  homestead  <>1  his  parents,  Jacob  and 
I'^lizabelh  .\.  Switzer,  in  No\'.,  1S.")1.  (irowing  to  manh(»o(l  in  this 
county  he  I'cccived  a  liberal  education.  In  187.!  he  was  iiiuted  in 
marriage  with  Miss  Melinda  V .  Lewis,  daughter  of"  J.  W.  Lewis,  of 
A.storia.      lOlizabeth  .\.,   Daniel  II.  and   I'errx    \\  .  are  t heii'children. 

Jacob  Sirope,  fiirmei-  and  blacksmith,  was  born  in  Adams  Co.,  i*a., 
July  .'>,  1811.  He  is  the  s(mi  of  Jonathan  Swope,  who  was  a  native 
()f  Lancaster  (  o..  Pa.,  and  a  farmer  by  occuj)ation.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  that  State  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Br(»thers,  1)\  whom  he  had  o 
children,  Jacob   the  second.     .Iac<ib  grew    u[)  in  the  Keystone  State 


iiisToKv  OF  I'n/mx  rorxTV.  463 

and  learned  the  hlaeksniitli  trade,  and  worked  for  a  nninher  of  years 
at  that  eallin*!;.  Jan.  ID,  18.33,  he  took  unto  liinisclf  a  wife  in  the 
j)erson  of  Miss  Klizahetli  Muster.  Of  this  niarria*!:*'  they  have  10 
ehiklren  liviniy:  whose  nanu>s  are  Edward,  .laeoh,  (Jeo.  I).,  John  II., 
Riley,  W  alter,  Catliarine  A.,  .lane,  Klizaheth  and  Mai'ia.  In  ISoT 
Mr.  W.  disposed  of  his  property  in  the  East  and  in  the  eonrse  (tf 
time  reached  Astoria  township. 

B.  (\  To/cr,  ])hysieian  and  suru'con,  w;is  l)oni  in  the  ( )!(!  Donun- 
ion  State  in  l<S"i'J,  and  whik^  (piite  yonn<;-  ids  |»;irents,  T.  I",  and 
Mary  C.  Toler,  settled  in  Kentucky,  where  yonnu'  JJenjainin  passed 
his  boyhood.  I)ni';n«:  his  youth  he  studied  medicine  with  Dr.  W. 
T.  Toler,  an  elder  l)rother,  wiio  is  now  associated  with  him  in  his 
l)nsincss.  In  1.S4S  he  mo\-e(l  to  Mason  Co.,  wheix'  he  a<;ain  took 
up  the  study  of  medicine,  and  eventually  ii'ra(hiatcd  frtnn  the  medical 
department  of  the  University  of  Iowa,  situated  at  Keokuk.  iSince 
then  he  has  directed  all  the  enerji'ies  of  his  nature  to  his  ])raetiee, 
and  has  been  eminently  successful.  In  l.S~)7  he  located  at  Astoria, 
where  he  has  since  resided  and  succeeded  in  buildino-  up  a  reput;i- 
tion  as  a  physician  unexcelled  in  the  countv.  In.l<S.")S  he  was 
united  in  niarria"!'  to  Miss  Marv  E.  ^Nlcdiari'U,  dauirhter  of  Peter 
McJ^aren,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  l*^dton('o.  riiev  have  S  chil- 
dren,—  iMnm;  E.,  Sarah  ( ".,  (jc.>r<;c,  ("has.  \\'..  Thomas  W'.,  Luellii, 
Nellie  and  I'^aunic  K. 

Adam  S.  Troiic,  firmci'  and  blacksmith,  was  born  in  York  ( "o., 
Pa.,  .Vpril  Ki,  ls;;i.  His  father,  Adam  Tnme,  was  also  a  native  of 
Pa.,  and  a  farnu'r  and  coo])er  bv  occupation  :  he  married  Miss  ( 'atha- 
rine  Shult/,  by  wIkuu  he  raised  a  funily  ol'  I  1  children,  of  whom 
the  sid)ject  ol'  this  sketch  was  the  seventh.  He  passed  his  vouth 
and  g-rew.to  mature  years  near  the  city  of  Hanover,  where  he  learn- 
ed tlu>  trade  of  blacksmith.  In  18")")  he  canu'  to  Astoria,  where  he 
oj)ened  a  blacksmith  shojt  ;  in  1  S.")S  was  united  in  mai'ria_i>'e  with 
Miss  .lane,  dau<:hter  oi'  .lacob  Swope,  by  whom  he  had  J4  chil- 
dren, 10  of  whom  arc  iixinu-,— Levi,  Emma,  ( 'harlcs,  William, 
Lizzie,  Anna,  .lohn,  (Jcor^c,  .lacob  and  Mar\". 

■losc/i/i  Trouc,  fai'iner,  >vv.'l>>\  W  <  ).,  Astoria.  The  above-named 
gentleman  was  boiai  in  Maryland  in  IS]  4.  While  a  child  his  par- 
ents moved  to  PiuinsyKania,  whei-e  he  iirew  u|)  and  bec;nne  em|)lov- 
ed  as  a  distiller.  llcrc  he  was  mari'icd  to  l^lizaix'tli  Dupes,  who 
became  the  mother  of  7  children.  In  bs.vj  ^Ir.  T.  arrived  at 
Sharj)e's  Landinu',  on  the  1  llinois  i-ivcr,  and  jiurchased  40  acres  oi" 
land  in  Astoria  tp.,  and  ha>  laboi'cd  hard  to  increas(>  it  to  200 
acres,  as  he  has  done.  >L-s.  T.  died  4  years  after  the  fanuly  had 
mo\-ed  here,  in  .Ian.,  ;1  S(i-J,  he  c(Mitracted  marriage  with  Mrs, 
Nancy  Stand)auuli,  who  died  in  1S7."5.  Mr.  T.  was  married  auain, 
this  time  to  Miss  Louisa  lloUinu'cr. 

]V(i(/(/o)tcr  <C-  Lutz,  hardware  dealers.  These  gentlemen  became 
established  in  their  business  five  years  ago.  They  are  the  owners 
of  the  buildino;  they  occupy, — a  large  substantial  brick,  erected  by 


464  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

them.  Thpy  carry  a  heavy  stock  of  goods  and  transact  a  large 
business.  This  enterprising  firm,  in  eonneetion  with  their  hard- 
ware, carry  a  full  line  of  tinware,  lime,  cement,  etc.  J.  C  Lutz, 
senior  partner  of  the  firm,  is  a  native  of  Va.,  where  he  was  born 
in  the  year  1828;  growing  to  manliood  tliere  he  received  a  liberal 
education,  and  (hiring  his  youth  was  employed  uj)on  the  old  farm 
homestead.  In  LSo")  he  came  West  and  settled  in  Astoria.  Dur- 
ing the  spring  of  1839  he  embarked  in  the  hardware  business,  and 
since  that  date  has  been  identified  with  the  business  interests  of 
Astoria.  In  1858  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Nancy  E. 
Morrow.  Of  this  marriage  H  children  were  born,  4  of  whom  are 
living, — Chas.  M.,  Mitinie  W.,  Dollie  W.  and  Carrie  (deceased), 
Daniel  and  John. 

Edii-ard  Wampkr,  farmer,  sec.  36;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  In  1818, 
there  was  born  to  Philip  and  Catherine  AVampler,  Jice  Rover,  in 
the  State  of  Maryland,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  Edward  Wampler. 
He  had  attained  his  tenth  year  when  his  parents  settled  in  Ohio,  and 
there  he  grew  up  and  married.  This  event  occurred  in  1837,  and 
Miss  Elizabeth  Stover  was  the  bride.  Eleven  children  have  been 
o'iven  to  them.  For  nearlv  20  vears  he  was  a  resident  of  Missouri, 
where  he  became  a  prominent  farmer,  owning  some  l,o(K)  acres  of 
land.  AVhile  there  his  wife  died,  and  in  l87o  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage with  Mrs.  Rebecca  Sprinkle.  Mrs.  W.  was  born  in  P^mnsyl- 
vania  and  there  married  Daniel  Sprinkle,  who  afterwards  became  a 
prominent  farmer  in  this  county.  Of  this  marriage  8  children  were 
born,  ■")  of  whom  are  living, — Sarah,  Henry,  Daniel,  I^evi  and  Mary. 
The  valuable  jjroperty  left  by  ^Ir.  Sprinkle  comprises  between  500 
and  600  acres  of  fine  land. 

Christopher  Wdxcl^  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  21;  Pj»0.,  Asto- 
ria. There  are  few  in  the  county  more  generally  or  favorably 
known  than  ]Mr.  Wetsel,  who  was  born  in  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa., 
July  13,  1813.  His  father,  as  near  as  can  be  ascertained,  was  also  a 
native  of  the  Keystone  State,  and  by  trade  a  blacksmith.  He  was 
married  to  Miss  Catherine  Wunderly.  Three  of  the  J>  children  she 
bore  him  grew  to  mature  years,  and  2  yet  survive.  The  head  of  the 
family  died  during  the  infancy  of  Christo])her.  His  mother  was  af- 
terwards married  to  Balseer  Lutz  and  moved  to  Virginia.  Christo- 
pher grew  up  amid  pioneer  associations,  and  we  su])pose  became 
early  instructed  in  the  rudiments  of  hard  work,  his  main  education. 
While  living  in  Augusta  Co.,  Ya.,  he  was  married  to  ^liss  Sarah 
Cook.  In  1836  he  came  to  Astoria  township  and  moved  into  the 
pioneer  log  cabin,  containing  no  fire-place.  He  built  (me,  however, 
of  sod.  The  winter  was  (piite  severe  and  the  cabin  so  open  that 
snow  and  wind  gained  free  access,  and  it  fVe(|uently  hap}K'ned  that 
the  floor  and  bedding  were  deeply  covered  with  snow.  Wild  game 
at  this  time  was  abundant,  but  soon  disaj)])eared  owing  to  the  rapid 
settlement  of  the  connty.  Vermont  then  boasted  of  one  store,  and 
the  future  town  of  Astoria  was  then  given  over  to  the  sturdy  oak, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  465 

under  whose  ample  foliage  the  pioneer  often  rested  from  his  labors. 
We  cannot  describe  step  bv  stej)  the  progress  of  Mr.  W.  from  jiov- 
crty  to  affluence.  He  labored  diligently  and  uprightly  and  owes  all 
that  he  has  to  his  own  efforts.  His  children  are  Eliza  J.,  Priscilla 
E.,  Margaret  A.,  Sarah  C,  George  H.,  John  B.,  David  T.  and 
Henry  L. 

William  Wheeler,  farmer,  sec.  29  ;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  Twenty-three 
years  ago  Mr.  Wheeler  set  out  for  Illinois  and  after  the  usual  trip 
settled  in  Astoria  tp.,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  is  a  native 
of  old  Virginia,  where  he  was  born  in  1816.  His  father,  William 
Wheeler,  was  a  blacksmith  by  trade,  and  on  attaining  his  eighteenth 
year,  in  1811,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Elizabeth  Fowler,  by 
whom  he  had  6  children.  William,  the  third,  accompanied  his 
parents  to  Ohio  in  an  early  day,  where  he  grew  to  manhood  on  a 
farm.  In  1838  he  married  Miss  Francina  E.  Phillips.  He  pur- 
chased 220  acres  of  land  but  little  improved  and  heavily  timbered, 
and  now  after  much  hard  labor,  has  a  tine,  well  improved  farm.  Of 
the  marriage  with  Miss  Phillij)s,  12  children  were  born,  7  of  whom 
are  living, — Arden,  Nancy  A.,  \A'illie,  Elijah  and  P^lisha  (twins), 
John,  Franklin  and  Silas. 

Josiidi  Woflei/,  for  the  past  21)  years  a  resident  of  Fulton  Co., 
was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  May  4,  1811.  Daniel  Worley,  his 
father,  was  born  in  York  Co.,  Pa.  The  date  of  his  settlement  in 
Ohio  is  not  known,  but  he  probably  became  a  cotemporary  with 
many  of  the  tirst  settlers  of  the  Buckeye  State.  There  he  was  mar- 
ried to  Miss  Charity  Scolds,  who  bore  him  11  children.  In  1832 
Josiah  was  married  to  Miss  Mary  Ann  Miner.  Five  of  the  10  chil- 
dren she  bore  are  dead.  During  the  autumn  of  1851,  with  the  ob- 
ject of  making  a  home  for  his  parents,  he  came  to  Astoria  township 
and  purchased  projjerty.  Shortly  after  his  coming  Mrs.  Worley  died. 
During  the  autumn  of  1854  Mr.  W,  was  married  to  Mrs.  Susan  Elgin, 
relict  of  Samuel  Elgin,  and  daughter  of  Jacol)  Wirtz.  She  settled 
in  Illinois  in  1840,  first  residing  inl^ond  Co.  George  and  William 
were  born  of  this  marriage.  The  former  died  in  childhood  and 
William  lives  in  Nebraska. 


TOWNSHIP  OFFICIALS. 

Below  will  be  found  a  full  and  complete  list  of  the  Supervisors, 
Town  Clerks,  Assessors  and  Collectors  serving  Astoria  township 
since  its  organization  with  the  dates  of  service : 

SUPERVISORS. 

Robert  McClelland 1850  W.  L.  Gallihar 1858 

S.  P.  Cuinmings 1851-54  John  Shannon  1859 

JohnBovd 1855  A.J.Rosa 1861-62 

S.  P.  Cummingsu 1856  John  V.  Richards  186.3-66 

Jacob  Sharp  1857  S.  P.  Cummings 1867-79 


4(i(; 


HISTORY    OV    FULTON    COUNTY 


TOWN 


1S50 


Zachuriah  Gilbert j^^" 

.1.  M.  Rankin 1852-5:'. 


1).  Cook 
.1.  l)arlin<r  •• 
Jacob  Dt-ny 
E.  Obamber; 
T.  B.  Linlev 

AV.  0.  Hopkins ^^ 

J   W.  Smith  '^■'•- 


lSo4 
ISoo 
ISof. 
1S57 

1S5S 


CI.EUKS. 

.lames  Smith 18^1-<'- 

Davi.l   Marsh ^^^'' 

\l.  F.  MiLaren  

W.  Z.  Kobbins 

R.  F.  McLaren 

McDonald  Cox 

\Sio 


1864-()8 
1869-70 
1871-7'-' 
187:i-74 


T. 
T. 


W 
E. 


Price 
Poler . 


ASSESSORS 


:\lidiacl  Engle  ••■ 
Wni.T.  Hudnall- 


1S50 
1851 
185-2 


John  Morrison ';^^- 

Eh  Chambers \^^l-:<, 

Epiiraim  Sears :::::;:::  g^ 

John   Oj:lc ^„.- 

Henrv  Plank...... i^^' 

Alhert  Litchtiel.l ]^J^ 


1).  G. 
().  P. 
1).  G 


Robeson 
Frv 


187<>-7'.» 


1864 
1865 


Ri'-»" IS;;. 

1870 


O.  p.  Fry 

H.  J.   15enton. 


1861-6-. 
1863 

(OI.l.KCTOKS. 
1S.">0 


().  P.  Frv 

Eugene  Gore ^^l.^ 

U.  P.  Fry ••• ]^\ 

Albert  LitchfieM b^^^i 

O.  P.  Frv 

J    A.  Gillilan.l 

()'.  P.  Fry 


1875 
187f> 
1877-7'.! 


■  I.M.l  arluck 1S51-5-; 

.lohn  Boyd l":^]  l^l 

R,  H.  Bacon 

Nelson  Howell 

J.  C   Sparks 

Nelson  Howell 

Jacob  Darling 

O.  P.  Fry  

Daniel  Marsh 

J.  C.  Lutz 

Jacob  Darling 


1867- 
lS(>n- 


1854-0.) 

18.5(i 

1857 

185S-51I 

18(il-(>2 

lS(i:; 

1S()4 

181)5 

186(i 


John  Boyd,  ^r 

1).  G.  Robeson 

James  Krigbaum »i.\ 

.Toseph  Bartholow l'^'- 

Franklin  Fackler 

K.  J.  Nelson  

J.  S.  Steel 

James  Steel •• 

John  Bartholow ••• 

Martin   Mercer 


(IS 
-70 


1874 
1875 
1876 
1877 
1.S78 
is7<.t 


OF  THE 
UNIVFRSITY   Of   ILLINOIS. 


^(H!^  "^^ 


^v-\ 


/ 


;  A^  .  .O^.     ^^j^€M^"  ^ 


^a»r. 


>ta. 


c^2^^^uj  {yz 


■  •  r- 


n/. 


m  m 


^  ,^',  jL/^j 


9^^Wi  cf^n^^C^J 


i 


BANNER    Tf 


BANNER  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  is  one  of  the  five  townships  of  this  county  that 
border  on  the  Illinois  river,  and  of  these  it  is  the  one  farthest  north. 
In  an  early  day  there  was  al)iindance  of  game  in  this  township,  and 
indeed  it  has  always  been  noted  as  being  a  good  hunting  and  fishing 
ground  for  sportsmen.  Among  the  wild  animals  found  here  were 
the  deer,  wild  turkeys,  wolves,  an  occasional  bear,  wild-cats,  lynx, 
and  all  the  smaller  native  animals.  In  the  lakes  along  the  river  and 
u])on  that  stream  are  found  abundance  of  wild  ducks,  geese  and 
other  game.  A  large  number  of  hoop-snakes  and  rattlesnakes  for- 
merly abounded  here;  also  the  black,  garter,  copj)erhead,  blue  racers 
and  other  snakes,  and  salamanders,  commonly  called  lizards.  The 
swam])s  abound  in  frogs  and  musquitocs. 

The  first  settler  to  locate  in  the  township  was  Joseph  Anderson. 
He  moved  to  Canton  townshij)  in  182.3.  The  first  marriage  was 
William  Powell  to  ]Miss  Margaret  McOan.  They  were  united  by 
Richard  Tompkins.  To  this  couple  the  first  child  was  born.  The 
first  mill  and  distillery  were  run  by  Brooks  &  Cogswell  in  1835. 
The  first  tavern  was  kept  by  Alex.  Wilson  and  was  known  as  the 
Half-way  House,  being  half-way  betMcen  Canton  and  the  landing 
on  the  Illinois  river.  The  first  warehouse  was  built  by  Ira  Mills, 
who  came  here  from  tin;  East  as  a  missionary  "  to  enlighten  the 
heathen."  He  expended  the  money  given  him  in  building  his 
warehouse  on  the  Illinois  river  at  the  mouth  of  Copperas  creek. 

Moiifrrci/,  which  is  located  in  the  northern  [)art  of  this  township, 
was  first  settled  in  1848.  The  first  store  building  was  built  by 
David  Martin.  Samuel  Null  kept  the  first  tavern,  and  Eli  Lyons 
the  first  tannery.  Burnett  ct  Lyons  started  the  first  boot  and  shoe 
shop.  Dorrance  <S:  Perkins  opened  the  first  <b'v-goods  store.  This 
place,  Troy  and  othe:-  })laces  did  good  business  in  an  early  day, 
before  the  adv  nt  of  railroads,  but  since  then  they  have  not  })ro- 
gressed  as  other  [/laces ;  indeed  they  have  gone  down.  There  is  but 
one  store  at  Monterey  now.  This  is  kept  by  Zachariah  Weaver. 
There  is  one  wagon  shop,  run  by  Lewis  Ketchum.  W.  A.  Webb 
keeps  a  boot  and  shoe  shop.  The  school-house  was  erected  in  1859. 
A.  Swartz  is  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

Centennial  Chapel  31.  E.  Church. — The  church  building  of  this 
congregation,  which  is  located  at  Monterey,  was  erected  in  1876. 
Among  those  who  gave  most  liberally  toward  its  erection  were  John 
W.  Johnson,  J.  Addis,  Simon  Addis^  Jacob  Weaver,  Wm.  Turner. 

29 


470  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Will.  n.  Babeook,  J.  McKiiiley,  T,  Y(>nn<!:  and  S.  Kotolinm  ;  in  Aict 
the  liberality  of  tiie  jK'ople  was  maiiitested  in  this  enterprise.  The 
widows  gave  their  mites  and  every  one  did  the  most  he  coidd.  Ellis 
Hitehens  was  the  first  })reacher,  and  he  built  the  society  nj)  very 
rapidly.     It  now  numliers  about  100  mendicrs. 

Joxcph  S.  Addis,  farmer,  see.  5,  Banner  tj). ;  V.  O.,  Canton.  His 
father,  Aaron  I).  Addis,  was  a  native  of  Xew  Jersey  and  died  Jan. 
23,  1873,  in  Fulton  Co.;  his  mother,  Jane  E., also  a  native  of  New 
Jersey,  is  still  living  and  resides  at  the  old  homestead ;  they  emi- 
grated with  a  moving  wagon  to  Illinois  in  1(S37,  first  located  at  Fair- 
view,  then  in  Buckheart  tp.,  and  finally  in  Banner  tp.  Joseph 
S.  was  born  in  Banner  tp.  Oct.  11,  1848,  educated  in  the  common 
schools,  and  Eeb.  '27,  1873,  married  Emma  C.  Weller,  Avho  was  born 
in  New  Jersey  June  13,  1852.  Their  chikb-enare  Aaron  D.,  Luella 
IVIay  and  Lottie.  Mr.  Addis  has  served  as  Town  Collector  and 
School  Trustee:  has  100  acres  of  good  land.  He  is  a  Democrat, 
and  he  and  his  wife  are  both  members  of  the  Methodist  Protestant 
Church. 

Simon  P.  Addis,  brother  of  the  foregoing,  farmer,  sec.  5,  Banner 
tp. ;  P.  O.,  Canton,  111.;  born  Feb.  18,  1843,  in  Banner  tp. ;  edu- 
cated in  the  country  schools;  enlisted  Aug.  5,  18()2,  in  Co.  E,  103d 
111.  Inf.,  and  mustered  out  July  6,  1865;  married  Georgiaua  Sheaff 
Nov.  1,  1866;  thev  have  had  6  children:  Wm.  Perrv,  born  Sept.  8, 
1867,  and  died  Nov.  30,  following;  Adelle,  born  Nov.  6,  1868; 
Geo.  W.,  born  Jan.  31,  1872,  died  Aug.  19,  1874;  Sheldon,  born 
Oct.  9,  1876,  died  Jan.  11,  1877;  Webster,  born  Sept.  15,  1874; 
and  Grace,  born  Sept.  25,  1878.  Democrat.  Methodist  Protest- 
ant. 

John  W.  Ashh'ij,  farmer,  sec.  29.  Mr.  A.  was  born  in  New  Jer- 
sey in  1836,  and  is  the  son  of  William  and  Jemima  (Cooper) 
Ashley.  The  elder  Ashley  came  to  Illinois  in  1841  or  '42,  and 
John  W.  came  to  Fulton  county  in  185()  from  his  native  State.  In 
1859  he  was  married.  He  is  a  niend)er  of  the  Methodist  Church  and 
a  Republican  in  politics.      He  has  a  fine  farm  of  200  acres. 

Wm.  H.  Bahcock,  farmer,  Monterey  ;  P.  O.,  Canton  ;  was  born 
Jan.  18,  1835,  in  Yates  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  married  Miss  Lucy  Swartz,  of 
Buflalo,  N.  Y. ;  their  children  are  FAhi  V.,  Emma  J.,  Willie,  Lucy 
Anna  and  Charhvs  Abrani. 

A/sirorfli  Hokcr  was  in  the  war  of  1812.  He  served  in  the  Black 
Hawk  war,  and  when  Black  Hawk  was  taken  he  was  sent  to  convey 
the  news  to  Gen.  Scott  near  Galena.  He  started  out  horseback,  and 
while  camping  on  th(>  ]>rairie  ov(>r  night  his  horse  was  scared  by  a  deer 
and  ran  otf.  He  was  then  left  to  trudge  along  on  foot,  which  he 
manfully  did,  swimming  the  Fever  river,  and  arrived  safely  before 
the  General  and  delivered  the  dispatch. 

George  .S.  Bdts,  fu'iner,  sec.  21,  Banner  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Canton.  His 
parents,  Lewis  and  Elizabeth  (Ray)  were  natives  of  Pennsylvania. 
He  was  bopi  March  2,  1841,  in  that  State,  emigrated  to  Wisconsin, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  471 

and  in  1872  to  this  county;  in  1865  married  Mrs.  Isabel  (Prior) 
Barlow,  born  in  ^Muskingum  Co.,  O,,  in  1841.  Children  to  both: 
Frank,  born  in  1858;  Eliza  Ellen,  born  in  1860  and  died  Jan.  17, 
1862 ;  Elizabeth  Ann,  born  in  1864 ;  John,  born  in  1866,  George 
1869,  Fred   187o,  and  Wm.  Henrv  1877.     Mr.  B.  has  been  School 

7  7  ti 

Director.     Democrat. 

William  L.  Beefs,  farmer,  sec.  19,  Banner  township,  was  born  in 
Highland  county,  Ohio,  Feb.  27,  1851.  His  parent-^  are  Elihu  and 
Sarah  (Daugherty)  Beets,  the  former  a  native  of  A'irginia  and  the 
latter  of  Ohio.  William  had  the  advantages  of  only  the  common 
schools  of  this  county  at  which  to  gain  an  education.  He  has  been 
moderately  successful  in  his  chosen  calling. 

James  S.  Bool:  was  born  in  Pennsvlvania  28  vears  ago,  the  son  of 
George  and  Jane  (Jackson)  Book;  spent  his  early  life  burning  lime 
for  public  works;  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1877,  and  is  now  a  farmer. 
Green  backer. 

L.  D.  Boi/er  is  a  native  son  of  Fulton  Co.  His  father,  Caleb 
]5oyer,  was  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  his  mother,  Olive  Boyer,  iiec 
Waklron,  was  born  in  New  York  State.  They  were  among  the 
early  settlers  of  this  county.  They  located  near  Lewistown  in  1832. 
L.  D.  attended  the  common  schools  of  the  county  when  a  boy  and 
gathered  a  fair  education.  For  some  time  his  occupation  was  run- 
ning a  saw-mill.  He  is  engaged  in  farming  at  present  in  company 
with  his  two  younger  brothers.  They  have  a  fine  farm  and  own  it 
jointly. 

Difazoii  BiirlKDis,  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Canton.  His  father, 
Peter  I.,  was  a  native  of  New  York  State  and  died  in  1863;  his 
mother,  Sabr'^na  (Seeley),  was  born  in  Connecticut,  and  died  in 
1855.  Dilazon  was  born  in  Kingston,  Ulster  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1822; 
married  Miss  Jane  M.  Turck  at  Saiigerties,  N.  Y.,  April  29,  1843, 
who  was  of  the  same  age  and  nativity,  and  they  have  had  6  chil- 
dren, as  follows:  ]S[elissa,  born  in  1844  and  died  April  25,  1846; 
Eugene,  born  in  1846  and  died  Oct.  13,  1866;  Charles  H.,  born 
Jan.  25,  1850,  and  died  June  7,  1852;  John  Harvey,  born  July  16, 
1853;  Adrian,  born  Nov.  13,1859;  and  Wesley,  born  Oct.  22, 
1861.  Mr.  B.  was  formerly  a  carpenter  and  worked  as  a  contractor. 
He  now  owns  225  acres  of  land.  He  and  his  wife  joined  the  M,  E. 
Church  37  years  ago,  but  are  now  mend)ers  of  the  M.  P.  Church. 
Democrat.  Emigration,  first  to  Brooklyn,  N.  Y.,  thence  in  1860  to 
this  county,  where  they  have  ever  since  resided,  except  5  years 
back  in  N,  Y.  and  Penn.  Mr.  B.  says  that  his  forefathers  have 
been  natives  of  this  country  as  far  back  as  1646,  when  two  brothers 
came  from  Holland,  one  of  which  settled  in  New  York,  the  other 
in  Kingston  on  the  Hudson  river.  One  of  the  brothers  was  the 
first  'Squire  of  New  York  and  also  of  Ulster  county,  N.  Y.  The 
families  have  increased,  and  there  are  some  of  them  living  in  vari- 
ous parts  of  the  East  and  West.  Mr.  D.  Burhans'  grandparents 
lived  at  Kingston  when  it  was  burnt  up  by  the  British. 


472  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Thomas  Bi/hrr  was  born  in  Fnlton  Co.  Aj)ril  15,  1853,  and  is  the 
son  of  Ju(l<^o  and  jNIarv  flano  (liinengcr)  ]Jybc'o.  His  grandfather 
was  among  the  earliest  settlers  in  the  State.  Thomas  reecived  his 
education  in  the  common  schools  of  this  county,  and  by  occupation 
is  a  farmer.  He  has  been  successful,  and  at  present  owns  3'20  acres 
of  land.  He  was  married  in  1875  and  has  two  children, — James 
and  Mary  Jane. 

WilHrnn  Gihson  was  born  in  lieaver  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  7,  1833.  He 
resides  at  present  upon  section  8,  Banner  townshi]>,  where  he  is  en- 
gaged in  farming.  The  ])arents  of  our  subject  are  Wm.  and  Hopey 
(^liller)  Gibson,  natives  of  the  Keystone  State.  Mr.  G.  came  to 
Fulton  county  in  1855  and  ten  years  later  was  married  to  Agnes 
Beck.  They  have  a  family  of  0  children, — 4  boys  and  2  girls,  all 
of  whom  are  living.  He  belongs  to  the  ]M.  E.  Church  and  is  a 
Republican  in  politics. 

Henrij  II.  Ilerr,  farmer,  sec.  7;  P.  O.,  Canton.  Parents,  Abra- 
ham and  Fanny  (Donor)  Herr,  were  Pennsylvanians,  and  are  now 
deceased.  The  subject  of  our  sketch  was  also  born  in  Pa. ;  educated 
in  Litiz  AcachMny  ;  member  of  Co.  A,  3()th  Vet.  Reg.,  in  the  war, 
mustered  out  July,  18G5;  nuirried  Susan  Kinzic  Xov.  5,  1850,  who 
was  a  native  of  Montgouu-ry  Co.,  Pa.  Although  Mr.  H.  commenced 
with  nothing  in  this  township,  he  has  made  himself  a  fine  home, 
with  240  acres  of  land.     Jiaptist.     Republican. 

John  ir.  Johnson,  fanner,  Monterey;  P.  ().,  Canton,  111.  His 
parents,  Abraham  and  Martha  (Crawford)  Johnson,  were  natives  of 
Pennsylvania  ;  she  died  in  Jan.,  1840,  and  he  in  Aug.,  1871.  John 
W.,  born  in  W.  Va.,  came  to  Buckheart  townshij)  in  March,  1857, 
then  to  the  place  where  he  now  resides.  He  has  been  Commissioner 
of  Highways  and  is  now  Su})ervisor.  In  18(50  he  married  Miss  E. 
J.  Johnson,  of  l^uckheart  township,  who  was  born  in  1840  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Penn.  Their  children  are  Patience  Emma,  born  in  1862  ; 
Albert  Wilber,  born  in  1864  and  died  in  1869  ;  and  Anthony  Edgar, 
born  in  Fcl).,  18()S.  Methodist  Protestant.  Republican.  Owns  112 
acres  of  land. 

Maffhias  Linfjcnfrltcr  was  i)orn  in  liedford  county.  Pa.,  Feb.  21, 
1833,  and  is  the  son  of  Jacob  and  Sarah  (Clear)  Lingenfelter, 
natives  of  the  Keystone  State.  Our  sid)j(H't  received  his  education 
in  the  common  schools  of  his  native  State,  and  canu^  to  this 
county  in  1848,  and  located  in  Buckheart  township.  His  father 
died  in  1876  and  his  mother  is  still  living.  By  occupation  Mr.  L. 
is  a  farmer  and  has  run  a  threshing-machine  for  20  years.  He  began 
work  at  the  blacksmithing  trade  when  10  years  old  and  con- 
tinued at  it  until  he  was  27,  and  still  works  at  it.  He  is  the  owner 
of  560  acres  of  land  in  this  county.  He  was  married  July  12,  1855, 
to  Rebecca  Evans.  This  union  has  resulted  in  th(>  birth  of  14 
children, — 0  bovs  and  5  twirls.  Four  of  the  sons  are  dead.  Mr.  L. 
is  a  member  of  the  German  Baptist  Church.  He  resides  upon  sec. 
30  ;  P.  C,  Canton. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  473 

Wakh'on  Van  3[id(Uesworfh,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  Canton.  His 
parents,  Cornelius  W.  and  Jane  (Addis)  Van  M.,  were  natives  of 
N.  J.;  father  died  in  l.S()7,  and  mother  still  living,  in  Canton,  and 
about  70  years  old.  Waldron  was  born  July  12,  1838,  in  Newark, 
N.  J.,  married  Liuira  Counterman  May  19,  1861,  in  this  tp. ;  she 
was  born  Sept.  13,  1840,  in  this  State.  Their  children  are  Willie 
G.,  born  April  19,  18G2,  and  Janie,  March  5,  1809.  Mr.  Van  M. 
has  a  brother,  Addis  James,  and  a  sister,  Mary  Neumire,  married 
and  living  in  Stark  Co.  He  has  been  a  manufacturer  of  sorghnm 
molasses  for  nearly  14  years.  Has  been  Town  Collector.  Metho- 
dist Protestant.     Democrat. 

WillanJ  Mahou  is  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  upon  sec.  17, 
of  this  townshij). 

/.  JV.  Munson. — This  gentleman  is  engaged  in  farming  upon  sec- 
tion 26,  Banner  township. 

T.  Ois,  farmer,  sec.  30,  Banner ;  P.  O.,  Bryant. 

J.  M.  Feters,  farmer,  sec.  16,  Banner  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Canton  ;  was 
born  in  this  township  in  1851 ;  June  5,  1879,  married  Patience 
Prior,  who  is  a  member  of  the  Church.     He  is  a  Democrat. 

John  A.  Polliit  is  a  native  of  this  county  and  a  son  of  one  of  the 
pioneers  of  the  county.  He  was  born  ]\Iarch  14,  18oo,and  his  par- 
ents were  Alexander  and  Mary  E.  (  Estes )  I'ullitt,  natives  of  Ken- 
tucky. In  1875  John  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Mary  Ball. 
Clara  Mav  is  the  name  of  their  child.  Mr.  P.  is  enoafjed  in  farm- 
ing  upon  sec.  28  ;  P.  O.,  Bryant. 

Andrew  Rock,  farmer,  sec.  31,  was  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  Pa., 
Aug.  20,  1816,  and  is  the  son  of  Thomas  and  p:iizal)eth  (Dull) 
Rock.  The  former  was  of  Scottish  descent,  and  the  latter  of  Ger- 
man descent  and  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  Andrew  came  to  Can- 
ton, this  county,  in  1851  and  engaged  in  car])entering,  at  which 
trade  he  was  worked  for  many  years.  He  then  moved  uj)on  his 
farm  and  has  improved  it  all  himself.  He  was  married  to  Susanna 
^lonu  in  1839,  who  bore  him  12  children, — I  boys  and  8  girls, — 11 
of  whom  are  living. 

Mdi-ji  M.  7\'or/f/-.s' was  born  in  Indiana  in  1828;  her  father  was 
Wm.  Guilliams,  of  Tennessee,  who  died  in  1849,  and  her  mother, 
Edith  Williams,  of  the  same  State,  is  still  living,  aged  about  84. 
Mrs.  R.  first  emigrated  to  Rock  Island,  thence  to  Missouri,  and 
thence  to  Fulton  Co.  22  years  ago.  June  16,  1849,  in  Missouri,  she 
married  Joseph  Rogers,  who  had  served  in  the  Mexican  war  and 
subsequently  in  Co.  A,  31st  Reg.  111.  Vet.,  in  the  late  war:  he  en- 
listed Oct.  4, 1864,  and  was  mustered  out  July  19,  1865.  He  died 
in  January,  1874,  at  the  age  of  49.  Their  children  are:  James 
Wesley,  John  Farmer,  ]Mary  Jane,  Josej)h  Franklin,  Wm.  Douglas 
and  Clara  Amanda.  Mrs.  R.  has  96  acres  of  land  on  sec.  9,  Jianner 
tp.,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Episcopal  Church.  Her  hus- 
band was  a  Democrat. 

Samuel  B.  Schcnck,  farmer,  Monterey;  P.  O.,  Canton.     His  father 


474  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

"NVm.,  was  horn  in  Penn.  in  178G  and  died  in  1X02;  his  mothor, 
Sarah  (Garrison),  was  boni  in  X.  J.  in  17!)2and  died  in  I87(j.  Emi- 
gration: to  McLean  Co.  in  18o4,  to  Bnckheart  tp.,  this  connty,  in 
1858,  and  to  tiie  present  farm  in  187G.  Samuel  B.  was  born  June 
5,  1829,  in  Warren  Co.,  X.  J.,  married  Elean<»rD.  Ketchum,  Jan.  1, 
1850,  horn  in  the  same  connty  Aug.  20,  1829,  and  have  had  these 
chihh'cn  :  Alice,  born  in  1852;  George,  1854;  Estelhi,  1857;  Olive, 
1859;  Miror,  1861  ;  Minnie,  1863,  died  1866;  Josiah,  1865;  twins, 
1867,  died  in  infancy;  and  Augustus,  1869.  Mr.  S.  has  66  acres, 
all  in  good  condition.     Republican.     Has  been  School  Director. 

Will.  F.  N/z/jy^NO//,  brick-layer  and  })]asterer,  Monterey;  P.  O., 
Canton.  His  father,  Wm.  J.,  was  a  native  of  Kentucky,  who  emi- 
grated to  Indiana  and  thence  to  Illinois  in  1849,  and  died  Sept., 
1853;  his  mother's  maiden  name  was  Mary  Logan  :  she  was  born  in 
Kentucky  and  died  June  1,  1862,  in  Illinois.  Wm.  F.  was  born 
June  11,  1826,  in  Ky.,  educated  in  the  country  schools,  enlisted  in 
Co.  I,  86th  111.  Inf.,  promoted  to  Sergeant,  and  since  has  held  the 
offices  of  School  Director  and  Constable.  Nov.  22,  1853,  he  married 
Ophelia  Spencer,  who  was  born  June  6,  1833,  in  Cole  Co.,  III. 
They  have  had  8  children,  namelv :  T.  A.,  born  in  1857  ;  Marv  J., 
1858;  E.  L.,  1859;  Tavlor,  1861*,  died  Jan.,  1863;  Ida  S.,  1863; 
Minnie,  1866  ;  Dilard,  "l870 ;  and  Jessie,  1876.  Methodist  Protest- 
ant.    Republican. 

Henry  Siiiith  was  born  in  Canada,  of  Dutch  ancestry,  and  came  to 
Fulton  Co.  in  184U.  In  Canada  his  wages  as  a  farm  hand  was  al- 
ways very  small,  but  by  industry  and  economy  he  is  now  able  to 
own  the  east  half  of  sec.  17,  Banner  tp.  June  18,  1846  he  married 
Elizabeth  Hutchison.  They  have  had  no  children  of  their  own  but 
have  brought  uj>  two, — Josephine  and  Willard  Maloon.  The  girl 
is  in  Iowa,  married;  the  boy  still  at  home.  German  Baptists.  Re- 
publican. 

William  H.  Smith,  farmer.  Banner  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Canton.  His 
father,  Henry,  a  native  of  Prussia,  1777,  emigrated  to  this  country 
in  1799,  and  married  Marv  Frv,  a  native  of  the  Ignited  States,  who 
died  in  Fulton  Co.,  Feb.  14,  1829 ;  he  died  Dec.  4,  1865.  Wm.  H. 
was  born  Feb.  4,  1819,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  Va. ;  married  May  24,  1839, 
Mary  Bybee,  who  died  Oct.  3,  same  year;  Nov.  19,  1840,  Elizabeth 
Wilcoxen,  who  died  April  4,  1863  ;  lastly,  Abby  Mason  May  6, 
1866.  Children:  Henry,  J(»hn,  Mary  V.,  Frances,  Lavina,  Louisa 
J.,  Elizabeth  A.,  Marshall,  Charlotte,  James  D.,  Wm.  Henry,  Eliza- 
beth C,  Charley,  Hattie  and  Marcus.  Mary  V.  married  G.  R. 
Cobleigh  ;  Frances,  C.  N.  Coykmtlall  ;  Louisa  J.,  James  R.  Ellis; 
Elizabeth,  (i.  C.  Glassford,  and  Marshall  was  married  to  Rettie 
Spencer.  Wm.  H.  is  a  Democrat,  and  has  been  Supervisor,  Town 
Clerk,  Trustee,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  etc.  His  father  fought  against 
Great  Britain  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  was  a  prominent  man  in  Ful- 
ton Co.  during  his  life. 

Lauren  P.  Sjjruffiie,  born  in  Oneida  Co.,  X.  Y.,  in  1817;  married 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  475 

Miss  Jane  Reid,  a  native  of  Winchester,  Va.,  in  1838,  in  Lewis- 
town,  111.;  they  have  had  10  children,  8  of  whom  are  living, — Mar- 
garet C.  (deceased),  Edgar  C,  Stuart  M.,  Lycurgus  S.,  Richard  B. 
(deceased),  Martha  J.,  Adaline  L.,  Thomas  N.,  Ellen  M.  and  Susan 
F.  The  family  came  from  New  York  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1837  and 
settled  in  Canton;  followed  farming;  in  1855  bought  the  farm  they 
now  occupy  on  sec.  1, — 87  acres. 

James  Turner  was  born  near  Perryville,  Mercer  Co.,  Ky.,  Oct., 
1813.  His  parents.  Starling  and  Sophia  (Carver)  Turner,  emigrated 
from  Kentucky  to  Sugar  Grove,  Sangamon  (now  Menard)  Co.,  111., 
in  the  fall  of  1831,  and  in  the  following  spring  to  sec.  13,  Buck- 
heart  tp.,  with  10  children;  they  had  13  altogether.  Mr.  T.  died 
Feb.  22,  1871,  aged  94  years.  James  Turner  married  Sara  A.Car- 
ver, daughter  of  Pleasant  M.  Carver,  of  Ky.,  April  25,  1837;  she 
was  born  June  19,  1813.  They  have  a  iiunily  of  9  children, — 
Henry  F.,  Mary  A.,  Louisa  M.,  Wm.  P.,  Eliza  J.,  Lydia  A.,  Benj. 
F.,  Alice  E.  and  James  B., — all  living  and  all  married.  They  are 
all  in  Stark  Co.,  111.,  except  Alice,  Benj.  and  Wm.,  who  are  in 
this  county.  Starling  Turner  was  an  early  Abolitionist  and  left 
Kentucky  on  account  of  slavery.  He  also  took  a  deep  interest 
in  astronomy.     Methodist. 

Henri/  Wfir/cs,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  Canton.  His  father, 
Ephraim,  was  born  in  Maryland,  and  died  in  1849;  his  mother, 
Nancy  (Buckingham),  was  also  born  in  Md.,and  died  in  Sept.,  1870. 
Henry  was  born  in  Muskingum  Co.,  O.,  in  1829;  came,  with  his 
parents,  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1832,  to  Monterey  in  1835,  and  to  his 
present  neighborhood  in  1841  ;  married  Mary  J.  Brinager  in  1856, 
Nancy  J.  Higgins,  a  native  of  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1861,  and 
thirdlv  Mrs.  Marv  Bvbee.  Children — John  Henrv,  l)<)rn  Nov.  25, 
1867, 'and  Clara  K.,  born  Dec.  25,  1870,  and  died"  June  16,  1871. 
His  second  wife  had  6  children  by  her  first  husband.  Mr.  W. 
owns  240  acres  of  land.     Democrat. 

Zachnrinh  Weaver,  merchant,  ]\Ionterey ;  P.  O.,  Canton.  His 
parents  were  Jatob  and  Jane  (Patchell),  the  former  a  native  of  Vir- 
ginia, and  the  latter  of  Pennsylvania  and  died  Nov.  2,  1840.  They 
emigrated  from  Ohio  to  this  State,  arriving  Nov.  8,  1841.  Zachariah 
was  born  in  Hamilton  Co.,  O.,  Nov.  30, 1830,  educated  in  the  country 
schools,  and  March  8,  1854,  married  Rachel  A.  Rogers  in  I>iver- 
pool  tp. ;  she  was  born  in  Saline  Co.,  Mo.,  Sept.  18,  1830.  Chil- 
dren: Benj.  F.,  born  1858,  died  1.S64;  Maria,  Feb.  21,1861, 
died  in  1862;  Emma  Jane,  April  18,  1862.  Mr.  W.  was  for- 
merly a  farmer,  and  has  been  School  I)ir<>ctor  and  Pathmaster. 
Methodist  Protestant.      Democrat. 

H.  J.  W/iifniore  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1827.  His  father, 
Joseph  B.,  was  a  native  of  Maryland,  married  jNIiss  Harclerood,  of 
the  same  State,  and  had  6  childi'cn, — H.  J.,  Mary  Jane  (  now  Mrs. 
Corwin),  Simon  Peter,  Ann  A.  (now  Mrs.  Griffin),  David  W.,  Liz- 
zie (now  Mrs.  Hemenover,  a  widow)  and  James.     The  family  came 


476  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

to  Fulton  Co.  in  1844  and  settled  on  see.  30,  Orion  tp.,  buying  19G 
acres,  ^vhieh  he  still  owns,  but  he  resides  now  in  Canton.  His  wife 
died  July  16,  1863.  Mr.  H.  J.  W.  married  Annie  Suydam,  and 
they  have  had  4  children,  3  now  living, — Xorali  (now  Mrs. 
Richey),  Belle  and  Ciiarles  E.  Mrs.  W.  died,  and  Mr.  W.  subse- 
quently married  Tillie  Griffin,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  They 
have  had  G  children,  5  now  living, — Arthur,  Dollie,  Lillie  (de- 
ceased), Daisy,  Bertie  and  Russell.  Mr.  W.  resides  on  his  farm 
of  200  acres,  sec.  6  of  Banner  tp.,  and  also  owns  100  acres  in 
Buckheart  tp.  For  20  years  he  followed  grain-threshing  and  was 
agent  for  the  sale  of  threshers.  At  present  he  is  engaged  in  buy- 
ing and  shipping  stock  in  connection  with  farming.  He  is  now 
Superintendent  of  the  Fulton  County  Fair-Ground  Association. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 

Below  may  be  found  a  schedule  of  the  township  officials  serving 
since  the  organization  of  the  township,  together  with  the  years  of 
serving : 


\ 


SUPERVISORS. 


David  Marklev 1850  Joseph  Shaw 1863-64 

W.  H.  Smith  ..'. 1851-54  John  M.'Can 1865-70 

Thomas  Kane 1855-57  A.Merrill 1871 

Amos  Babcock 1858  Wni.  H.  Smith 1872-78 

Wm.  H.  Smith 1859  Joiin  \V.  Johnson. 1879 

John  McCan 1860-62 

TOWN    CLERKS. 

Wm.  H.  Smith 1850  Xoah  Romine 1857-59 

Wm.  C.  Killsa 1851-53  W.  C.  Killsa 1860-69 

Noah  Romine 1854  Martin  Davis 1870 

Wm.  C.  Killsa 1855-56  W.  C.  Killsa 1871-79 

ASSESSORS. 

Geo.  W.  Chinn 1850-1  C  W.  Van  Mickllesworth  ..  1S60-C4 

W.  C.  Killsa 1.S52  Charles  Killsa 1865-75 

A.  T.  Atwater 1853  John  A.  Logan 1870-77 

Noah  Romine 1854-58  Charles  Killsa 1878 

Charles  Killsa 1859  John  A.  Logan 1879 

COLLECTORS. 

John  McKinley 1850  John  McKinley 1866 

Richanl  Motsinger 1851-52  JamesDonaho 1867 

A.  W.  Inman 1853  John  McKinlev 1868 

Wm.  D.  Bili)y  1854-55  Robert  Barlow'. 1869 

Douglas  Mct'an 1856-58  Martin  L.  Davis 1870 

JamesDonaho 1859  James  S.  Kennedv 1871-72 

Noah  Romine 1860  Thomas  McCan  ..." 1873-74 

Douglas  McCan 1861-62  Martin  L.  Davis 1875-76 

Samuel  T.  Wilson 1863-64  Joseph  S.  Addis 1877-78 

JamesDonaho 1865  W.  Van  Middlesworth 1879 


BUCKHEART  TOWNSHIP. 

Buckhoart  is  counted  among  the  best  townships  of  this  county, 
although  at  one  time  much  of  its  surface  was  covered  with  a  heavy 
growth  of  timber.  This  township  was  early  settled  by  the  whites 
and  ere  long  much  of  the  timbered  sections  were  interspersed  with 
cabins  and  settlers.  A  large  portion  of  the  lands  bearing  timber, 
and  the  smaller  groves,  were  claimed,  if  not  occupied,  while  the  prai- 
rie for  the  most  part  was  left  untouched  and  unsought.  The  prairie 
land  was  regarded  as  worthless  for  purposes  of  agriculture,  and 
considered  a  useless  waste.  There  were  hundreds  of  men  at  that 
time  who  believed  it  would  never  be  occupied.  If  any  of  the  first 
settlers  had  located  upon  the  j)rairie  he  would  have  been  regarded 
as  extremely  visionary,  if  not  absolutely  crazy.  Of  those  whose 
names  appear  among  the  early  pilgrims,  many  removed  from  the 
township  ere  many  years  had  flown ;  others  followed  from  year  to 
year,  settling  in  other  localities;  others  have  passed  to  the  shining- 
shore  of  the  Beautiful  River,  while  many  still  remain  in  the  enjoy- 
ment of  the  homes  of  their  industry,  endurance  and  enterprise, 
fashioned  and  founded  in  the  beautiful  lands  of  Buckheart. 

The  surroundings  of  pioneer  life  are  well  calculated  to  test  the 
true  inwardness  of  the  human  heart,  and  the  trials,  sufferings  and 
endurance  incident  to  the  founding  and  building  of  homes,  unite  them 
in  the  strongest  and  deepest  feelings  of  friciidshij),  that  grows  and 
strengthens  with  their  years.  Raven  locks  may  bleach  and  whiten  ; 
full  round  cheeks  wither  and  waste  away;  the  fires  of  intelligence 
vanish  from  the  organs  of  vision  ;  the  brow  become  wrlidvled  with 
care  and  age,  and  the  erect  form  bowed  with  accunudating  years, 
but  the  true  friend  of  long  ago  Avill  be  remendjcred  as  long  as  life 
and  reason  endure.  It  is  thus  in  our  visits  among  the  veteran  pio- 
neers of  Buckheart.  The  memories  of  their  early  life  here  are  re- 
called with  pleasure. 

The  origin  of  the  name  of  this  to^vnship  is  very  amusing  and  is 
traced  back  to  the  early  history  of  the  county.  In  1850  when  the 
township  was  organized  it  adopted  the  name  of  the  election  precinct 
that  embraced  this  district  prior  to  that  time.  Buckheart  precinct 
was  named  from  Buckheart  creek  that  runs  through  it,  and  it  was 
christened  in  honor  of  a  grove  called  Buckheart  Grove,  which  it 
passed  through.  The  grove  received  the  name  of  Buckheart  in  the 
following  manner:  About  1824  John  Pixley,  a  tall,  gaunt  red- 
headed fellow,  a  great  blow  and  something  of  a  hunter,  and  of  whom 


478  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

we  speak  in  the  first  chapter,  shot  a  buck  near  where  the  Woolen 
Factory  of  Canton  now  stands.  The  deer  was  wounded ;  Pixley 
swore  it  had  been  shot  through  the  lieart.  He  followed  it  across 
the  prairie  to  the  head  of  what  is  now  Buck  heart  Grove,  where  he 
lost  track  of  it.  Pixley  used  to  tell  the  story  as  an  instance  of  the 
wonderful  tenacity  of  life  possessed  by  deer,  always  insisting  that  he 
had  unquestionably  shot  that  buck  through  the  heart,  and  that  after- 
ward he  had  followed  it  five  miles  and  it  finally  escaped  him. 
The  grove  where  it  disappeared  was  called  Buckhcart  Grove  in  de- 
rision of  this  story,  and  the  stream  running  through  it  received  the 
same  name,  which  was  also  afterward  extended  to  the  township. 

The  first  pioneers  to  locate  in  this  township,  then  so  highly  prized 
for  its  beautiful  timber,  were  Seth  Hilton  and  Hazael  Putman.  The 
first  mill  was  a  water-mill,  built  on  Big  creek  by  John  Eveland  and 
Asa  Johnson  in  1828.  This  Eveland  is  the  same  man  referred  to  in 
the  first  chapter  as  being  the  first  settler  of  the  county.  He  left 
Waterford  township  and  came  to  Buckheart  a  short  time  before  this, 
where  he  died  a  few  vears  afterwards.  The  first  church  organized 
in  the  township  was  in  1825  l)y  the  Regular  Baptists.  There  was  a 
school-house  built  in  the  township  as  early  as  1825  or  '26,  thus 
showing  that  the  earliest  pilgrims  had  a  love  for  religion  and  a  de- 
sire to  educate  their  children.  Who  the  first  teacher  was  is  not  now 
known. 

Bryant  Methodist  Episcopal  Church. — There  had  been  no  regular 
Methodist  Church  within  three  miles  of  Bryant  until  1846,  when 
Johnson  Smitli  and  wife,  Edward  Ashtun  and  wife,  John  Conner, 
wife  and  two  daughters,  Wm.  Morse,  wife  and  two  daughters,  and 
John  Morse  and  wife  met  at  the  school-house  on  the  northeast  cor- 
ner of  sec.  32,  fur  the  purpose  of  organizing  a  Methodist  society, 
Rev.  Mr.  Shinn  being  the  preacher.  From  this  time  regular  Meth- 
odist meetings  were  held  at  this  school-house  until  the  new  church 
edifice  was  built  at  l^ryant.  A  subscription  was  taken  in  1 868,  for  the 
purpose  of  building  a  new  church  edifice  and  the  building  was  fin- 
ished the  following  fall,  costing  §2,80(1.  The  first  regular  Methodist 
preacher  was  Rev.  Mr.  Hunter ;  present  membership  about  60. 

Bryant  Christian  Church. — The  first  organization  of  the  Antioch, 
now  the  Bryant,  Christian  Church  was  in  June,  1854,  at  Mr.  T.  X. 
Hasson's,  and  consisted  of  the  following  members:  Wm.  G.  Kirk- 
patrick,  Mrs.  K.  E.  C.  Kirkpatrick,  Theophilus  N.  Hasson,  Mrs. 
Margaret  Hasson,  Solomon  Davis,  Mrs.  Eliza  Davis,  Mrs.  Deborah 
Snyder,  Misses  Ellen,  Elizal)cth  and  Cartiline  Snyder,  Mrs.  Lucinda 
Putnam,  Heman  Johnscui,  Louisa  J.  Laws,  Samuel  Rowley,  Mrs. 
Amy  Rowley,  Mrs.  Paulina  Harberson  and  others.  Wm.  G.  Kirk- 
j)atrick  was  elected  Elder  and  T.  \.  Hasson  Deacon.  Elders  Wm. 
Howard  and  John  W.  Hoj)kins  presided  at  the  meeting,  and  preached 
here  occasionally  f<>r  several  years.  Elder  Wm.  Grisson  was  the 
first  permanent  preacher.  The  first  permanent  church  edifice  was 
erected  on  sec.  6,  Liverpool  tp.,  in   186].      James  C,   Wilcoxen 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  479 

donated  the  land,  and  the  total  expense  of  building  and  furnishing 
was  about  ^2,000.  It  was  moved  to  Bryant  in  the  s})ring  of  1869, 
whore  it  now  stands.  Elder  11.  E.  Puette  has  been  pastor  of  the 
conirree-ation  for  sometime,  but  has  recently  severed  his  connection 
with  it. 

St.  Dai-id  Mi'thodid  Epkcopal  Church.— The  Methodists  of  St. 
David  and  vicinity  held  meetings  in  various  school-houses  and  in 
the  Mormon  Church  at  St.  David  until  the  spring  of  1876,  when 
they  erected  an  edifice  of  their  own,  naming  it  Shryock's  Chapel,' as 
Mr.  Shryock  was  a  large  contributor.  The  society  numbers  25  and 
belongs  to  Canton  circuit.  Average  attendance  at  Sunday-school 
about  65.  L.  S.  Hitchens  was  the  first  preacher  appointed  after  the 
chapel  was  built. 

Odd  Fellows. — Bryant  Lodge,  No.  619,  I.  O.  O.  F.,  received  its 
charter  October  11,  1876,  when  the  members  were  John  Virgil,  F. 
M.  Williams,  Wni.  C.  Staton,  George  Humphrey  and  Eugene 
Smith.  The  charter  is  signed  by  N.  C.  Nason,  Grand  Secretary, 
and  John  H.  Oberly,  Grand  Master.     Present  membership  about  19. 

Bryant  Temperance  Societies. — In  the  winter  of  1877-8  a  lodge 
of  Good  Tem])lars  was  organized  in  this  [)lace,  holding  their  meet- 
ings in  the  M.  E.  ciiurch.  Samuel  and  Alonzo  Wilcoxen,  James 
Kirkpatrick,  JNIiss  Louia  Chapman  and  others  were  the  leading 
spirits.  The  membersliip  increased  to  50 ;  but  the  next  winter  the 
society  was  mero-ed  into  the  Blue  Ribbon  movement  under  the  man- 
agement  of  Daniel  K.  Shield,  and  the  membcrshij)  is  now  about 
100.  The  movement  has  resulted  in  the  reform  of  several  well- 
kno\yn  "confirmed"  drunkards. 

Bri/ant  Steam  Saw- Mill. — J.  M.  Hasson,  jr.,  Dr.  D.  O.  Wedge 
and  Eugene  Smith,  under  the  firm  name  of  Hasson,  Wedge  & 
Smith,  run  a  large  suw-mill  at  Bryant,  wiiich  has  a  capacity  of 
6,000  to  8,000  feet  per  day;  has  averaged  100,000  feet  per  month. 
The  engine  is  25-horse  power.  They  employ  a  large  force  contin- 
ually during  the  busy  seasons. 

Joseph  Baker,  farmer,  was  born  in  Sycamore  township,  Hamil- 
ton Co.,  O.,  Sept.  15,  1813,  and  is  the  son  of  Jacob  and  lodana 
(Sipes)  Baker,  floseph  came  to  this  county  in  1835  and  located  in 
Canton  and  engaged  at  carpentering.  He  remained  there  for  6 
years,  and  then  followed  threshing  for  8  years;  has  lived  on  his 
present  farm  since  1851.  He  was  united  in  marriage  to  Xancv  A. 
Miller,  Oct.  22,  1859.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Eli  A.  Bauinan, 
and  died  June  16,  1872.  Mr.  B.'s  farm  is  on  the  northwest  quarter 
of  sec.  33  and  on  sec.  28.  This  place  was  heavily  timbered  when 
Mr.  B.  bought  it  in  1859,  and  there  is  now  100  acres  sul)ject  to  the 
plow  and  well  improved.  He  has  been  Assessor  and  Collector  of 
the  township. 

Linville  Ballard,  farmer,  was  born  near  Winchester,  Clark  Co., 
Ky.,  Jan.,  1819;  parents  were  John  and  Xaney  ( liybee )  ]5allard, 
the  latter  a  daughter  of  James  By  bee,  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  and   natives 


480  HISTORY  or   FTLTON   COr>'TY. 

of  Virginia.  Linville  came  to  Liverpool,  this  county,  Dec.  11, 
1852,  and  a  vear  afterward  he  bought  a  60-acre  farm  on  sec.  26, 
Buekheart  tp.  He  now  has  240  acres,  altogether.  All  except 
about  $600  he  has  accumulated  here  by  his  own  labor.  In  1853 
he  married  Lavina  Bauman,  daughter  of  Peter  Bauraan,  and  they 
now  have  7  children, — Amanda  Elmira,  ^lary  M.,  Thomas  W., 
Josie,  Leroy,  Peter  and  Harry  F.  Mr.  B.  is  a  Democrat,  and  has 
been  School  Director  for  some  16  or  20  years  continuously. 

Xathaniel  Butler  Banks,  deceased,  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1835, 
and  located  on  land  now  partly  occupied  by  Cuba.  He  afterwards 
bought  land  on  sec.  17,  Buekheart  tp.,  to  which  he  moved  his  fam- 
ily in  1847.  He  resided  on  this  farm  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
Jan.  20,  1878,  in  the  76th  year  of  his  age.  He  was  born  in  Con- 
necticut, and  raised  in  New  York.  His  wife  was  Ann  B.  Artman, 
with  whom  he  lived  over  50  years.  She  still  resides  on  the  old 
homestead  with  Henry  W.  Johnsou.  They  had  a  family  of  10  chil- 
dren, 7  of  whom  are  living:  Margaret,  Ruth,  Joshua,  Sarah, 
Thomas  C  Henry  W.  .J.,  Mary  Ann  and  Elizabeth.  Two  of  the 
sons  were  in  the  late  war.  W  m.  S.  enlisted  in  the  103d  111.  Inf. 
and  died  after  serving  only  a  few  months.  John  M.  enlisted  in  Co. 
A,  55th  111.  Inf.,  in  Aug.  1861,  and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Pitts- 
burg Landing.     He  was  a  Corporal. 

Eli  A.  Bauman,  farmer,  was  born  in  \Wshington,  D.  C,  and 
married  Margery  Paston,  a  native  of  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.  They 
came  and  settleil  on  sec.  23,  this  tp.,  in  1838,  building  a  two-story 
log  house  the  next  vear,  and  moving  into  it  with  their  familv  of  9 
children.  (The  cabin  is  still  standing.)  The  children  were  Peter, 
Samuel,  Eli,  Catherine,  Charlotte,  Xancy,  Eliza  and  Marger}'  Ann. 
All  have  married  except  Margery,  who  is  deceased.  Samuel  married 
a  Miss  Frakes,  now  deceased,  and  he  still  lives  in  Wayne  Co.,  la. 
Eli  married  Julia  Mocksby,  lived  in  Wayne  Co.,  Iowa,  and  died 
there,  leaving  three  children.  Catherine  married  Gideon  Carver 
and  lives  in  this  tp.  Charlotte  married  Jae«»b  Fisher  and  lives  also 
in  this  tp.  Nancy  tirst  married  Samuel  Miller,  and  after  his  death 
she  married  Joseph  Baker,  since  which  time  she  has  died.  Eliza 
married  Jerr^^  Ford,  and  has  since  died.  Mr.  Bauman  is  still  living 
in  Wayne  county,  Iowa. 

Peter  Bainnnn,  farmer,  son  of  preceding,  was  l)om  near  Carlisle, 
Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  May  27,  1813;  married  Mar\-  Ann,  daughter 
of  Thos.  T.  Bybee,  in  1839,  in  Buekheart  tp.  He  has  a  family  of  12 
children,  namely,  Lavina,  Thomas  Eli,  Minerva  (last  two  deceased), 
Jemima,  Evaline  (dec),  ^Llry  E.,  William  H.  (dec.),  Debby  A., 
Louisa,  Julia,  Frank  and  Elmer.  Thos.  Eli  was  killed  in  a  run- 
away of  horses  in  1855.  The  three  others  died  of  scarlet  fever  in 
1857,  and  were  all  buried  in  one  grave  I  ,, 

Jemima  married  John  H.  Snider  and  lives  in  this  tp. ;  Mar^•  E. 
married  John  W.  Horton.  and  also  lives  in  this  tp. ;  Debby  A. 
marrie<l  John  J.  Farris,  and  lives  here,  and  Louisa  married  Herman 
Homer  and  lives  5  miles  west  of  Farmington,  this  county. 


HISTOBT   OF    FTXTOX   COXTSTY.  481 

Mr.  Baninan  is  now  living  on  sec.  27,  Bnekheart  tp.,  on  wiuch  he 
has  made  all  the  improvement?  himself.  In  1)^1  Hi  he  bnOt  a  laig<e 
2|  storv  house,  with  L,  a  large  new  bam  and  other  buildings^  so 
that  now  he  has  one  of  the  finest  £uins  in  the  eoonty.  In  politics 
he  is  a  Democrat. 

John  W  RtH^,  fiirmer  and  operator  of  a  saw-milt,  sec.  24 ,  is  a  na- 
tive of  Highland  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  bom  in  1^*4^.  His  par«-nt^ 
were  Elisha  and  Sarah  (iDanghertyJ  Beets,  who  now  reside  in  Ban- 
ner tp.  John  W.  enlisted  to  serve  in  the  Union  Armv  during  the 
war,  Oct.  12,  \mA^  in  the  li)th  HI.  Inf.,  Co.  B.  He  was  with  Sher- 
man on  his  i^moos  march  to  the  sea ;  was  taken  sick  at  Washington^ 
D.  C,  sent  to  Sj^ringfield  and  mustered  out  Aug.  9,  l(Si<5-5.  He  oi- 
listed  in  Co.  K,  lOth  U.  S.  Reg.  Inf.,  March  10,  \mi  for  3  years. 
He  served  2  vears  at  Ft.  Wadsworth.  D.  Tv,  and  one  vear  on  the 
Rio  Grande,  in  Texas.  He  married  Caroline  M.  Fonts  Aug.  3, 
1871,  who  is  a  daughter  of  Wm.  Fonts  and  was  bom  July  ISt.  1M<5. 
Thev  have  a  &mUy  of  3  children, — BntPinia.  Imm  Jini!v  W.  '72.  Frank. 
Aug.  8,  '74,  and  Lena,  May  30,  '77. 

Thomta*  T.  Bybee^  fiirmer,  deceased,  was  bom  in  Clark  Co-,  Ky., 
Sept.,  1798.  He  married  and  had  two  sons,  David,  born  in  l^iS», 
and  James,  in  1821.  His  second  wilfe*  was  a  widow  Jennings,  who 
also  had  two  sons,  James  and  Flijah.  Her  maiden  name  had  been 
Deborah  Wilcoxen,  and  she  was  b«>m  in  Ash  Co.,  y.  C,  March  3, 
1801.  Two  daughters  were  the  ilrait  of  the  last  marriage^  Lavina^ 
b.>ra  Feb.  12.  1^21.  and  Mary  Ann,  bom  in  1826.  David  Bybee 
first  married  a  Mis.s  Spencer,  who  died,  and  afterwards  he  married 
Margery  Ann  Ballard,  and  they  no%r  live  in  Canton.  James  mar- 
ried a  Miss  Beunyer  and  subsequently  <^ed.  leaving  a  &mi]v,  in 
Banner  tp.  Lavina  married  Wm.  H.  Smith,  and  has  since  deceised, 
leaving  a  l&mily.  als<u>  in  Banner  tp.  Mary  Ann  married  Peter 
Banman.  whose  sketch  is  given  above. 

Mr.  Thomas  T.  Bybee  came  to  this  county  in  the  winter  of  the 
deep  snow  » 1S3«>-31 ».  and  commenced  with  |  sec.  of  land.  He  died 
April  8,  1872.  leaving  property  estimated  at  $300,000,  which  be 
made  at  terming,  de^tling  in  st«x*k,  etc.     He  was  a  Democrat. 

Samuel  Otrju^rr  was  bom  in  L/>ndonderry.  Pa.,  in  1819.  He  first 
came  to  Dlinois  in  18o0  and  bought  the  fiirm  upon  which  he  now 
resides,  and  upon  which  he  has  put  fine  improvements^ — all  the  re- 
snlt  of  his  own  lab«.T»rs-  His  parents  were  Samuel  and  Christina 
I  Myers  H  Carper,  both  natives  (cf  Lebanon  Co.,  Pa.  The  Carpers 
are  an  old  family,  and  date  back  in  the  history  of  America  fti&r  to 
the  Revolution.  The  grandparent  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
a  soldier  under  Washington.  Mr.  C.  in  184!*  married  Elisabeth 
Baker,  in  Bedfoixi  C«»..  Pa.  She  was  a  daughter  o^  Jacob  and 
Fanny  Baker.     They  have  3  children :     Levi,  Jacob  and  Mary  J. 

John  \V  Carry,  ifarmer,  was  bom  in  1 '841.  in  Lewistown  tp.  His 
fether.  David  C^y,  of  Ireland,  died  while  John  was  very  yooi^. 
The  latter  was  then  adopted  by  Samuel  WUcoxwi,  and  when  c€ 


482  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

]Mr.  W.  deeded  to  him  80  acres  of  land  on  sec.  17,  on  -svliich  he  has 
since  resided,  fn  18G3  he  married  Eliza  J.  Porter,  of  Piitman 
tp.,  and  their  chihlren  are  Cliarles  Traverse,  E.ssie  Pollen  and  Louisa 
Dell.  Mr.  C.  exels  in  raising  Poland  China  hogs,  and  at  a  fair  at 
Canton  one  time  he  took  the  first  prize,  $1,0()().  He  is  interested 
also  in  fine  cattle,  having  now  a  small  herd  of  short-horns,  among 
them  a  fine  ten-year-old  hull  ('*Star-(iazer"  ),  which  is  the  sire  of 
one  of  the  finest  heifers  in  Kentucky  ("Fanny  Foster").  Mr.  C. 
has  also  a  thoroughbred  French  Canadian  stallion  ("French 
Roland"),  which  took  the  first  premium  at  the  Canton  fair  of  1878, 
for  all  purposes,  and  also  at  other  fairs.  Besides,  Mr.  C.  has  other 
high-grade  animals,  to  describe  Avhieh  we  have  not,'jpace  here. 

Mr.  and  Mrs.  Carey  are  members  of  the  United  Brethren  Church  ; 
he  has  been  School  Director,  Township  Collector,  etc.  National 
Greenbackcr,  with  Republican  ])roclivities. 

Gideon  Cnnrr,  farmer,  sec.  128 ;  was  born  in  ^ladison  Co.,  Ivy., 
Nov.  25,  181(5.  His  father  was  Pleasant  M.  Carver,  avIio  was  born 
in  the  Old  Dominion  in  1788,  and  died  in  Nov.,  1876,  Gideon's 
mother  was  Catharine  Carver,  nee  Shryock,  who  was  born  in  Fayette 
Co.,  Ky.  She  died  in  18(35.  P.  M.  Carver  came  to  this  county  in 
1833,  and  located  on  sec.  22,  this  tp.,  where  both  he  and  his  wife 
died.  Gideon  Carver  married  Catharine  A.  Bauman,  daughter  of 
Eli  A.  Bauman,  Sept.  26,  1839.  She  has  borne  a  family  of  7  chil- 
dren :  John,  James,  both  deceased,  Henry,  P^liza,  Sarah,  Ellen  and 
Jas])er.  Henry  married  lone  [jaus,  and  lives  on  sec.  21.  Ellen 
married  Frederick  Ij.  Fisher,  of  Chamj>aign  Co.,  HI. 

Eugene  Chnrehilf,  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  sec.  23  ;  P.  O.,  Bryant ; 
was  born  in  N.  Y.,  Oct.  14,  1840;  parents  were  Silas  and  Esther; 
in  the  late  war  he  Avas  a  member  of  Co.  C,  9th  N.  Y.  Cav.  Vol. ; 
served  18  months,  being  in  several  hard-fought  battles;  married 
Rebecca  Whitney  in  187(5,  a  native  of  Illinois.  Mr.  C.  makes  a 
specialty  of  fine  stock, — Poland-China  hogs,  Hamblctonian  and 
Messenger  horses,  etc. 

Snmuc/  A.  Ciinninr/hau),  was  born  on  Welsh  Run,  near  Mercers- 
burg,  Pa.,  ^[ay  4,  1820,  and  is  the  son  of  David  and  Ann  (Alexan- 
der) Cunningham,  the  former  a  native  of  the  same  place,  the  latter 
of  Havre  De  Gras,  Md.  S.  A.  came  to  this  county  May  4,  1849. 
He  visited  friends  near  Overman's  Mound  a  tew  days  and  finally 
located  in  Canton  and  carried  on  blacksniithing.  Tn  1851  he  bought 
a  farm  in  Canton  tj).  of  107  aei'cs  ;  he  lived  there  till  1S56  when  he 
moved  to  his  present  farm  of  275  acres  on  sees.  3  and  4.  This 
place  has  some  of  the  finest  improvements  upon  it  that  are  in  the 
county.  He  also  owns  335  acres  one  mile  s(uith  of  the  old  home 
farm;  also  40  acres  near  Springfield,  111.,  nicely  imjtroved  ;  and  also 
80  acres  in  Orion  tj).,  and  a  small  piece  on  sec.  19,  Jiuckheart.  He 
was  married  March  21,  1.S48,  to  Elizabeth  Boyd.  The  children 
born  to  them  were  Ann  Rebecca,  who  was  born  in  1849  and  died  in 
1864;Chas.  Clinton,  Sarah  Pollen,  James  Edgar,  Thomas  J.,  all  living 


niSTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  483 

at  homo.  Mr.  C.  started  in  active  life  at  the  age  of  21  Avitli  noth- 
ing hnt  hands  and  head  to  make  his  way.  To  wlint  good  advantage 
he  has  ]Kit  all  these,  his  record  shows. 

Joseph  Evatifi,  fanner,  sec.  30,  was  born  in  Licking  Co.,  O.,  Ang. 
19,  1810.  His  parents  were  John  and  Hannah  (Inscoe)  Evans;  the 
former  a  native  of  Wales,  the  mother  of  ( )iiio.  Joseph  came  to 
this  eonnty  in  18o4  and  located  in  TJver]»ool  tj).  He  soon  went 
w'est,  bnt  returned  in  18()0.  He  married  Klizabeth  Moreland  in 
Licking  Co.,  O.,  Dec.  26,  1831.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Bazaleel 
and  Margaret  (Fahs)  INIoreland.  She  was  born  in  Ham})shire  Co., 
Va.,  June  22,  1807.  They  have  been  blessed  with  10  children,  9 
of  whom  are  living:  Peter,  John,  INIargaret,  Rebecca  and  Johanna, 
twins,  Philip  F.,  Elizabeth  J.,  David  W.,  .lames  K.  P.,  and  Kich- 
ard  M.  Three  of  their  sons,  John  B.,  Philip  F.  and  David  W., 
served  in  the  late  war.  They  enlisted  at  the  same  time,  Oct.,  1802, 
in  Co.  C,  lOord  regt.,  at  Canton.  David  was  wounded  at  the  battle 
of  Kenesaw  Mountain,  in  the  hi]),  which  disabled  him  and  he  was 
discharged  in  the  spring  of  '05.  One  month  later  John  and  Philip 
were  both  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Atlanta.  John  had  one  finger 
shot  off.  Philip  was  shot  in  the  left  arm  and  knee.  The  latter  re- 
ceived his  discharge  the  same  time  David  did.  .rohn  B.  remained 
till  the  close  of  the  war  and  was  Mith  Sherman  on  his  famous 
march. 

John  J.  Farr'iK,  firmer,  son  of  John  K.  Farris,  was  born  in  Isa- 
bel t)i.  this  county  ;  married  Deblji(>,  daughter  of  Peter  Banman, 
July  23,  1874;  have  had  •")  ehihlren  :  Edward,  the  only  one  living, 
was  bgrn  May  7,  1870.      Mr,  Farris  is  Independent  in  jKditics. 

John  K.  Fnrrix,  deceased,  was  brought  by  his  father,  John  Farris, 
from  Kentucky  to  Liv(M-pool  tp.  in  1837  or  '38.  He  married  INIary, 
daughter  of  James  Pollitt.  an  early  settler,  and  died  Dec.  24,  1878. 
His  wife  is  still  living  in  Isabel  tp. 

Frederick  Fii^hcr  was  an  early  settler  of  Buckheart  tp.  He  came 
to  this  county  with  his  wife  and  4  children  in  1831.  The  children 
were  I^arbara,  deceased,  Jacob,  .Tolui  and  Henry.  Those  born  in 
this  eountrv  were  Cvnthia  A,,  Marv  J.,  Sarah  D.,  Daniel  G.,  Clara 
M.,  Isabel  "H.,  Elizabeth,  Ellen  O'.  and  Frederick  L.  Six  of  the 
children  are  still  iivinu'  in  this  county.  Cynthia  married  David  Cop- 
pie  and  lives  in  Indiana  ;  Sarah  married  ^Farion  Kimberlan  and 
lives  in  Missouri.  Clara  M.  married  John  Ford  and  resides  in 
Iowa.  Isabel  married  Jacob  Fonts  ;  Ivlizabetli  married  Wm.  Har- 
per;  Ellen  mar-ried  Thos.  Butts ;  Jacob  married  Charlotte  Banman; 
John  married  INIelissa  Maxwell,  all  of  whom  live  in  this  county. 
Henry  marritnl  Naomi  Shields;  David  marricMl  Mary  Ellis  and 
Frederick  married  Ellen  Carver.  These  live  in  Cham])aign  Co., 
111.  Mr.  F.  settled  on  S.  W.  quarter  of  see.  11,  which  he  improved. 
He  bought  sec.  23,  which  he  also  improved  and  lived  upon  till  his 
death,  which  occurred  July  5,  1870.  His  widow,  who  was  Sarah, 
Fouts,  born  in  Clark  Co.,"lnd.,  Oct.  5,  1807,  still  lives  at  the  old 


484  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

liomcstoad.  Both  Avore  members  of  the  i\I.  E.  Church,  but  of  later 
years  both  were  members  of  the  Christian  Church.  During  the 
"  Westerfiekl  Defeat"  this  family  indulged  in  the  general  scare  and 
went  over  the  river  to  Sugar  Grove  and  remained  2  weeks. 

John  FisJter,  son  of  Frederick  Fisher,  is  engaged  quite  extensively 
in  agriculture  on  sec.  2,  owning  some  1,300  acres  of  land,  all  im- 
proved bv  himself  He  was  born  October  2,  1827,  in  Washington, 
Clark  Co.,  Ind.  He  married  Melissa  Maxwell  Oct.  10,  1850.  They 
have  7  children:  Jose])hine,  born  Aug.  17, '51  ;  Alice,  June  6, '54; 
Willard,  Jan.  17,'59;  Leonard,  Oct.  17,'61 ;  Charles,  April  7,'64 ; 
Attie,  Aug.  17,'69,  and  Dolly  B.,  Oct.  1,  '71.  Alice  married 
Francis  M.  Fonts  Dec.  21, '76. 

Jacob  Fisher,  son  of  Frederick  Fisher,  Avas  born  in  Clark  Co., 
Ind.,  in  1825.  He  married  Charlotte  Bauman  Jan.  1,  1850,  in  Van 
Buren  Co.,  Iowa.  They  have  one  child,  Olive  E.,  who  was  born 
Aug,  21,  1858. 

Andrew  Fonts  was  born  in  Clark  Co.,  Ind.,  in  1807,  and  came  to 
this  county  in  1829.  He  married  in  Jan.,  1834,  Eliza  Ann  Hufford, 
a  native  of  Buford  Co.,  Ky.,  and  a  daughter  of  George  Hufford. 
They  have  but  one  son,  Martin  Fonts.  Daniel  Fonts  was  the  father 
of  Andrew,  and  his  grandfather  was  Jacob  Fonts,  who  emigrated 
from  Germany  to  the  U.  S.  before  the  Revolution.  Daniel  Fonts 
settled  on  sec.  10,  where  he  died  at  the  age  of  92  years.  Andrew, 
his  brother  Emsley  and  Demps  Garen  tlie  first  Avinter  they  came 
kept  bachelors'  hall  in  a  little  log  house  and  liA'cd  on  game,  corn 
cake  and  "corn  juice."  In  an  carlv  day  at  Mr>  F.'s  house  AAcreheld 
Methodist  meetings  CA'cry  2  Avceks  until  a  school-house  Avas  built. 
The  first  minister  on  the  circuit  AA'as  Rga*.  Henrv  Summers.  Thev 
AA'erc  here  during  the  "big  snow,''  when  game  was  A-ery  timid.  One 
of  their  neighbors  in  riding  along  the  path  oA-ertook  a  AAolf  He 
sprang  from  his  horse,  caught  it  and  cut  its  tiiroat.  Their  first 
cook-stOA'e  AA^as  procured  by  taking  a  Avagoii  load  of  AA'iieat  to  Chi- 
cago and  bringing  the  stoA'c  back.  The  Avheat  did  not  sell  for 
enough  to  ])ay  for  the  stove.  !Mrs.  F.  s[)un  and  avoa'c  all  the  cloth 
for  Avearing  ap])arel,  from  the  raw  fiax.  She  has  cloth  in  the  house 
noAA'  that  she  made  from  flax  that  tliey  raised. 

Frnnri.-i  M.  Fonts  Avas  born  on  the  old  homestead  of  his  father's, 
Dougan  Fonts,  on  sec.  1-1,  upon  Avhich  he  still  resides.  Dougau 
Fonts  was  a  native  of  Indiana,  and  his  i'ather  Avas  Jacob  Fonts,  one 
of  the  earliest  settlers  in  this  county.  Dougan  Fonts'  Avife  Avas 
Sarah  Hutchinson,  a  native  of  Virginia.  She  is  still  living  with 
her  son  FrantMs,  at  the  age  of  05  years.  Her  husband  died  March 
27,  1802.  Her  father,  Zachariah  Hutchinson,  came  to  this  county 
in  1835.  Dougan  Fonts  had  a  family  of  6  girls  and  one  son : 
Eleanor,  Avho  married  Cyrus  Babcock ;  Elizabeth  married  Archibald 
Carver;  Rebecca  married  John  Carleton  ;  Harriet  married  George 
Hammitt ;  Saraii  married  John  ProA'ard ;  Nancy  married  T.  J. 
Kelly,  and  Francis  M.  married  Alice,  daughter  of  John  Fisher. 


^s%^. 


?  ■ 


THOMAS  T.BYBEE: 


UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  487 

Jacob  Fonts,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  North  Carolina  and  was 
born  in  1788.  Hi^  wife  was  Eleanor  Don<i|;an,and  was  born  in  1790 
in  the  same  State.  The  Fontsesare  of  P^no-Hsh  deseent.  His  father 
was  Jacob,  and  the  first  one  of  the  name  mc  can  trace  came  from  En- 
gland. Jacob  Fonts  came  to  this  connty  abont  1831,  from  Indiana, 
bringing  a  family  of  9  ehildren, — Dongan,  Rebecca,  Jacob,  Wm., 
Sarah,  Tiiomas,  f^lizabeth  J,,  Levi  and  Lewis.  Francis  C.  and 
Malcolm  C.  were  born  in  this  connty.  Thomas,  Elizabeth  and  Mal- 
colm are  still  living  in  this  connty.  Jacob  Fonts  located  on  sec. 
14,  where  he  lived  for  15  vears,  and  finallv  moved  to  sec.  12,  where 
he  died  in  Oct.,  1874.     Mrs.  F.  died  Nov.  17,  1858. 

JIdlcoIin  C.  Fonts,  yonngest  son  of  Jacob  Fonts,  is  living  on  the 
old  homestead  on  sec.  12.  He  was  born  in  1836  on  this  farm;  was 
married  March  30,  1859,  to  Jnlia  Fonts,  of  Buckheart  tOAvnship, 
and  danghterof  John  Fonts,  an  early  settler  who  now  resides  in  the 
sonthern  part  of  the  State.  They  have  a  family  of  7  children : 
Florence  A.,  Rebecca  J.,  Hattie  N.,  Nellie  D.,  Charles  L.,  Sophia 
D.,  and  jSLiry  M.,  all  of  whom  are  living. 

Frank  JL  Harrison,  M.  D.,  was  born  in  Licking  Co.,0.,  in  1856. 
His  parents,  Spencer  H.  and  Georgiana  (Hall)  H.,  were  natives  of 
Ohio  and  came  to  this  connty  in  1855,  settling  at  Cnba,  where  Mr. 
H.  now  resides:  Mr.  H.  died  abont  1868.  Frank  M.  read  medi- 
cine under  Dr.  J.  K.  Welch,  of  Cuba,  five  years,  and  in  1878 
graduated  at  the  College  of  l^hysicians  and  Surgeons,  Keokuk,  la., 
since  which  time  he  has  praticed  at  Bryant.  Independent  in  poli- 
tics, Avith  a  Democratic  tendency. 

/.  J/,  i/c^s'.so/?,.//-.,  merchant  and  lumber  manufacturer,  was  born 
in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1830.  His  parents  were  Theophilns  N. 
and  Margaret  (Riley)  Hasson,  who  emigrated  to  the  vicinity  of 
Beardstown  (in  Sehuyler  Co.)  in  1834;  from  1837  to  1855  Mr.  H. 
resitled  on  a  farm  2\  miles  nortiieast  of  Lcwistown  ;  then  he  was  in 
the  drug  business  in  I>ewistown  until  his  death,  Dec.  28,  1877.  He 
was  formerly  a  Whig,  and  since  1854  a  Republican  :  was  Justice  of 
the  Peace  in  Lewistown  township  for  20  or  25  years.  He  had  a 
family  of  7  children,  61  iving, — Luuisi,  James  >L,  Mary  (died  at  the 
age  of  16),  Wm.  R.,  Celinda  C,  Elvira  S.,  Charles  N.  and  Henry 
C.  James  M.  married  Emily  Waldron  at  Lewistown  Sej)t.  1,  1853, 
who  was  a  native  of  New  York  near  Rochester.  They  have  4 
children, — Celinda,  John  H.,  Frank  and  Laura.  ^Ir.  H.  is  now  of 
the  firm  of  Hasson,  Wedge  &  Smith,  operating  a  saw-mill  at  Bryant, 
sawing  and  shiji)>ing  about  100,000  ft.  of  lumber  a  month,  mostly 
hard-wood.  Mr.  11.  is  also  carryingon  a  general  merchandise  business 
at  Bryant,  doing  at  least  §25,000  per  annum.  He  is  a  "stalwart" 
Republican,  and  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Christian 
Church. 

William  Herriot,  proprietor  of  the  Bryant  House,  Bryant,  was  born 
in  ^lunson  Co.,  Pa.,  1813.  His  parents,  Jesse  and  Annie  (Prawl) 
Herriot,  moved  to  Genesee  Co.,  N.  Y.,  when  he  was  quite  small  and 

30 


488  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

/ 

whore  he  was  raise;l.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  ^far in,  daugh- 
ter of  Josiah  and  Bt'tsv  (Kellogg,)  Carrier,  at  Avon,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  1, 
1813.  Mrs.  H.  was  i)nrn  in  Hartf<.rd  Co.,  Ct.  The  grandiather  of 
Mr.  H.  came  from  Scotland  and  settled  in  Pennsylvania,  and  was 
a  soldier  under  Washington  in  the  Revolution.  The  Carriers  are 
also  of  Seotch  descent,  their  ancestors  coming  to  America  prior  to  the 
Revolution.  Wm.  H.cameto  this  county  in  lS4(i  and  located  in  El- 
lisville,  where  he  carried  on  i)lacksniithing  some  10  years.  He  then 
moved  upon  a  farm  on  sec.  IS,  Deerticld  township,  where  he  ])assed 
another  decade.  He  came  to  Bryant  in  18G4  and  carried  on  black- 
smithing  for  several  years,  but  now  rents  his  shop.  Of  his  children, 
Emilv  M.  married  Jeremiah  J.  Jackson  and  lives  in  Dixon  Co., 
Kans. ;  Florence  L.  married  Dr.  D.  O.  Wedge  and  resides  in  Bry- 
ant; Chauncey  L.  married  Irene  A.  Hasson,  and  Albert  L.  lives 
with  his  parents.  Mrs.  Wm.  G.  came  with  her  parents  from  Con- 
necticut to  Xew  York  in  a  two-horse  wagon,  and  herself  and  hus- 
band came  from  that  State  to  Fulton  Co.  in  a  two-horse  wagon,  the 
trip  taking  28  days.  Thus  she  made  the  whole  trip  from  Hartford, 
Ct.,  in  a  wagon. 

Abraham  Hews,  born  in  1818,  first  came  to  this  county  in  1846, 
and  except  18(30-2,  when  he  was  in  Iowa,  has  remained  here, 
engaged  principally  in  farming.  Aug.  8,  1852,  near  Cuba,  he  mar- 
ried Parmelia,  daughter  of  Hiram  Sanders.  She  was  b(U'n  in  1834. 
Their  children  are  John  W.,  Abraham  Lincoln,  Gardiner  E.,  Bcnj. 
H.,  Laura  A.     The  three  younger  are  still   at  home.     Republican. 

Benjain'ni  Hrn-fi  was  liorn  in  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  near  Saratoga 
Springs,  in  1821.  John  and  Polly  (Schriver)  Avere  his  parents, 
both  natives  of  Dutchess  Co.,  X.  Y.,  and  of  English  and  German 
descent.  Mr.  H.  was  married  at  Saratoga  Sj)rings  in  1843  to  Eliza 
Ann  Rose.  In  1846  he  came  to  this  county  and  located  in  Put- 
man  tp.  In  18.34  he  bought  a  farm  on  sec.  i),  Buckheart,  and  the 
following  spring  moved  on  it  and  has  since  resided  there,  and  pat 
substantial  improvements  on  it.  The  marriage  ab(^ve  spoken  of 
has  resulted  in  the  birth  of  6  children  :  Henrv  A.,  born  Oct.  19, 
1844;  John,  July  31,  '4o ;  William,  June  13,  '62;  Julia  A.,  Aug. 
4,  '54,  and  Joseph,  born  Sept.  13,  1856.  Julia  married  Adam 
Wrigly,  and  met  her  death  by  being  burnt  by  the  explosion  of  a 
kerosene  lamp.  She  left  one  child,  Anna,  who  is  living  with  her 
grandjia  rents. 

Hcnrii  Hlndx  was  among  the  pioneers  of  this  county,  coming  in 
1832.  He  was  a  native  of  Virginia.  He  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Martha  Steel  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.  They  first  settled  on 
sec.  3,  Buckheart  tp.,  where  they  lived  till  1836,  when  tliey  moved 
to  Young  Hickory  tj).,  where  Mrs.  Hinds  died  March  4,  1859.  Mr. 
H.  died  July  (>,  18(59,  in  Joshua  tp.,  at  the  house  of  his  son-in-law, 
Job  Wolke.  Their  chiklrenare:  Alexander,  who  lives  upon  the 
homestead  in  Young  Hickory,  Mary  (Walker),  Jacob,  Elizabeth 
(Wilson),   living   in    Nebraska,    Martha     (Bredwell),  of  Canton, 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  489 

Hettie  (Dow),  of  Canton,  Rosana  (  Hamilton  ),  dit'd  in  April,  1841. 

Jacob  Ilimh  lives  on  sec.  3,  Buckhoart  townshij),  on  the  old 
homestead  where  his  father,  Henry  Hinds,  first  settled  on  coming 
to  this  connty  in  1832.  He  was  born  May  25,  1817,  and  has  a 
family  oi'  4  children:  John,  Frank,  Alice  and  Em.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  Canton  tp.  in  1<S40  to  Sarah  Juhnsou,  a  native  of  Clai'k  Co., 
Ind.,  who  is  still  living. 

Geo.  W.  Horfon  was  born  in  Licking  Co.,  Ohio,  Sept.  27,  1840,  * 
a  son  to  Robert  Horton,  who  was  a  native  of  Cnl])epper  Co.,  Va., 
and  who  married  Polly  8mith,  a  native  of  the  same  county,  and  of 
German  descent.  Geo.  W.  came  to  this  connty  in  the  fall  of  1855, 
and  in  the  following  spring  he  went  to  Iowa;  but  in  1859  he  re- 
turned to  Fulton  Co.  to  remain.  In  Aug.,  1862,  he  enlisted  at  Can- 
ton in  the  103d  111.  Vol.  Inf ,  Co.  C,  as  Corporal ;  served  until 
July,  18(i5,  being  under  Gen.  John  A.  Logan  during  the  whole 
time;  was  sick  only  two  or  three  months,  and  that  was  with  the 
measles,  and  never  wounded ;  engaged  in  28  or  more  battles  and 
skirmishes;  went  through  with  (iren.  Sherman  to  the  sea,  and  closed 
at  Bentonville,  X.  C. ;  was  mustered  out  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  and 
received  his  discharge  ])a])ers  at  Chicago.  Returning  to  this  coun- 
ty, he  married  Mary  E.  Bauman  July  25,  1807,  daughter  of  Peter 
Bauman.  Have  had  0  children,  4  living,  as  follows:  Minerva 
Evaline,  July  (i,  ISliS;  Tlios.  T.,  Oct.  7,  1869;  Hattie  Amanda, 
Feb.  3,  1872";  Marv  Matilda,  Oct.  26,  1873;  Lovina  Amelia,  Feb. 
9,  1875,  died  March  13,  1875;  Georgia  Ann,  born  Aug.  19,  1876, 
died  Nov.  6,  1877.  T\\v  family  are  living  on  the  old  Thos.  T.  By- 
bee  homestead,  sec.  35.  Mr.  Horton  is  a  Democrat,  and  has  been 
School  Director  several  terms. 

Francis  Marion  Jfnfford  was  born  June  22,  1834.  He  enlisted 
in  Co.  A,  55th  111.  Inf.,  and  served  in  tlie  late  Mar  till  his  death, 
which  occurred  Nov.  19,  18(53,  when  he  died  of  disease  contracted 
in  the  army.  He  was  taken  prisoner  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh  and 
afterwards  paroled.  Two  of  his  children  now  live  in  this  county. 
They  are  Margery  and  Marion,  both  living  on  sec.  10,  with  their 
UDcle,  Andrew  Fonts.  Mr.  H.  married  Hannah  J.  Bull,  daughter 
of  Wni.  Bull,  of  Cui)a,  Fei).  10,  1X56,  and'shc  dicil  May  22,  1858. 

\V)n.  JIunnnt/,  farmer,  was  born  Dec,  1810,  in  Licking  Co.,  O. ; 
his  father,  Jacob,  was  a  native  of  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  and  his  mother, 
Fanny  ( MeNaughton )  Hummil,  was  of  Scotch-Irish  descent. 
There  were  3  children  in  the  family;  in  1830,  Mr.  Jacob  Hummil 
with  his  second  wife  and  11  children  came  to  Fult<»n  Co., — Tliomas, 
William,  Elizabeth,  Jacob,  Rcbcccii,  John,  Samuel,  Fanny,  Eva- 
line,  Eden  and  Nathan  ;  Henry  was  born  in  this  county.  Besides, 
they  left  4  children  in  Ohio, — ^latthias,  Mary  Ann,  Drusilla  and 
James.  The  family  located  on  S.  W.  ]  of  sec.  31,  this  tp.  AVm, 
married  Nancy  ^L  Wilcoxen,  daughter  of  Elijah  W.,  Jan.  2,  1834, 
and  they  have  had  10  children,  8  of  whcnn  are  living, — Mary  E., 
Isaiah  M.,  John  Calhoun,  Anna,  Jesse  B.,  Charlotte,  Nancy  M.  and 


490  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Lavina.  All  arc  living  in  this  connty  except  Mary  E.,  ■vvho  lives 
in  Davis  Co.,  Iowa,  and  John  ('.,  at  Golden,  Boulder  Co.,  Col. 
All  are  married  except  John  C.  Mr,  and  Mrs.  H.  are  members 
of  the  Christian  Church. 

Lorenzo  Jameson,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Canaan,  Grafton  Co., 
N.  H.,  and  was  born  March  11,  1<S16.  His  father,  Jeremiah 
Jameson,  was  born  in  Feb.,  1786.  The  elder  Jameson's  wife  was 
Sarah  Chase,  daughter  of  Samuel  Chase,  of  Salem,  X.  H.  The 
family  originally  came  from  Scotland.  Our  subject  came 
to  this  county  in  the  spring  of  1854  and  settled  in  Can- 
ton, and  in  1855  bought  a  farm  on  section  5,  this  township,  where 
he  resided  till  his  demise,  which  occurred  May  '2'2,  1874,  The 
homestead  is  now  owned  and  occupied  by  his  only  child,  John  A., 
who  was  born  in  Xcw  Hampshire  August  17,  1849.  His  wife's 
name  was  Deborah  ^Yhitticr,  who  was  born  in  Newport,  N.  H.,  in 
J  813,  Her  grandfather,  Thomas  Whittier,  enlisted  under  AVash- 
ington  at  the  age  of  15  and  served  during  the  7-years  war.  Wm.  J. 
is  still  living;  John  A.  Jameson  married  Martha  ]McCreary,  daugh- 
ter of  Nicholas  and  Martha  (Moran)  McCrcary  of  Putman  tp.,  Jan. 
19,  1875.  Two  children  w'ere  born  to  them:  Sumner  L,,  born 
March  1,  1876,  and  Alice  L,,  born  Feb,  9,  1878. 

Anderson  M.  Jarnar/in,  farmer,  deceased,  was  born  in  Tennessee 
Feb.  9,  1805,  brought  up  in  Ohio,  came  to  Illinois  in  an  early  day, 
locating  in  Knox  countv,  and  died  March  25,  1878.  He  married 
Elizabeth  Bradley  in  Highland  Co.,  0„  Aug.,  1828,  where  their  3 
first  children  were  born, — Sarah,  Mav  28,  1829  ;  Isaac  M.,  April  10, 
1831  ;  Ellen,  Jan.  30,  1835.  About*  1840  they  removed  to  Knox 
Co.,  111.,  where  Eliza  was  born  Dec.  23,  1841,  and  John  H,  and 
Wm.  A.  (twins)  July  25,  1844.  Wm.  A.  died  April  11,  1865,  and 
2  children  died  in  infancy.  ]\Ir.  J.  wasa  Dem<icaat.  Mrs.  J's  fath- 
er, Daniel  Bradlev,  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  she  was  born  in 
Rockbridge  Co.,  Va.  Aug.  20,  1809. 

John  H.  Jarmir/in,  son  of  the  preceding,  in  1862  married  Sarah 
McClatchy,  a  native  of  Ohio.  She  died  Nov.,  1867,  leaving  2  chil- 
dren,— Mary  Ellen,  who  died  at  the  age  of  3  years,  and  Lerov. 
Mr.  J.  afterwards  miirrit'd  I>eah  Williams,  June  L"),  1868.by  wluun 
he  has  4  children, — Myrtle,  Catherine  Elizabeth,  Minnie  Ellen  and 
Mary  Alta, — all  at  home.  Mr.  J.  is  a  Democrat,  and  he  and  his 
wife  are  both  members  of  the  Christian  Church. 

David  Jo/inso)),  farmer,  was  born  in  Clark  Co.,  Ind.,  March  26, 
1825 ;  in  the  fall  of  1827  his  jKircnts,  Richard  ^I.  and  Catherine 
(nee  Fonts),  emigrated  with  him  to  Fulton  Co.,  III.  Near  Canton, 
June  17,  1849,  David  married  Charlotte  Walling,  a  native  of  Ohio 
and  daughter  of  Louis  and  Cynthia  (Peirce)  Walling.  Their  chil- 
dren are:  Cynthia  Ellen,  born  March  8,  1851;  Charles  H.,  Nov. 
5,  1855,  died  Jan  15,  1.S79;  George  Delmer,  born  Jan  30,  1859; 
Sarah  Annas,  Feb.  3,  1862;  and  Luella,  Nov.  27,  1868.  Cynthia 
E.  married  Joseph  DeArmand  and  lives  in  Montgomery  Co,,  Kau. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  491 

All  the  rest  are  living  at  home.  Mr.  J.  is  a  Democrat,  and  lives 
on  sec.  10. 

Isaac  Johnson,  deceased,  was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  and 
came  to  this  county  in  1.S37,  and  located  at  Middle  Grove,  near 
Farraino'ton,  where  he  lived  o  years  and  then  moved  to  Buckheart, 
where  he  died  in  Nov.,  1873.  Mrs.  J.  is  still  living  on  the  old 
homestead  on  sec.  16.  Dr.  Johnson's  parents  were  John  and 
Rachel  (Statts)  Johnson,  both  natives  of  South  Carolina.  His 
great-grand  parents  were  from  Scotland  and  Germany.  He  had  a 
family  of  11  children  :  Isaiah  B.,  Caroline  S.,Sylvanns,  Nathaniel  H., 
\Vm.  P.,  Marinda  J.,  Berlin  S.,  and  Caleb  B.  Those  not  living  are 
John  W.,  Mary  E.,  and  Indiann.  Two  of  the  sons,  Berlin  and 
Sylvanus,  served  in  the  army  during  the  Rebellion.  Isaac  Johnson 
was  originally  a  Jackson  Democrat,  but  was  for  many  years  before 
the  war  a  Free-Soiler,  up  to  his  death  a  Republican.  He  was  a  phy- 
sician and  practiced  during  his  life  in  this  county.  Before  coming 
here  he  served  as  Sheriff  of  Meigs  Co.,  O. 

Lemuel  Johnson,  farmer,  son  of  the  next  mentioned,  married  Mar- 
garet Wcller  March  16,  1857,  and  has  two  children, — Richard  M., 
born  Dec.  1,  1857,  and  Douglas,  Sept.  1,  1865.  The  home  consists 
of  90  acres,  on  sec.  34,  Canton  tp.,  and  sec.  3,  Buckheart  tp.,  the 
residence  being  in  the  latter  tp.  It  is  just  one  mile  from  the  public 
square  in  Canton.     Democrat  but  rather  independent. 

Richard  M.  Johnson,  deceased,  was  born  in  Randolph  Co.,  N.  C, 
Aug.  8,  1797.  Ilis  parents,  Josiah  and  Sarah  (Wright)  Johnson, 
moved  witli  him  to  Indiana  and  died  there.  He  married  Catharine 
Fonts  in  Clark  Co.,  Ind,,  who  had  also  been  born  in  Randolph  Co., 
N.  C.  Her  parents,  David  and  Mary,  were  early  settlers  of  Fulton 
Co.,  and  died  here,  aged  91  and  84  years  respectively.  Richard  M. 
and  family  emigrated  to  Fulton  Co.  in  Nov.,  1827;  the  following 
March  he  bought  a  farm  on  sec.  32,  Canton  tp.,  and  settled  upon  it, 
where  the  widow  still  lives,  aged  about  78  years.  He  died  Feb.  8, 
1879.  Their  children  born  in  Indiana  were:  Sarah,  Nov.  21,  1820; 
LGmuel,  March  1,  1823;  and  David,  INIarch  26,  1825.  Those  born 
here  were:  Emsley,  Dec.  22,  1829;  Mary  Ann,  Sept.  7,  1831  (died 
Dec.  3,  1872);  Mai-tha,  Feb.  22,  1833;  Elisha  and  Elijah  (twins), 
March  20,  1836;  and  Julia  Ann,  May  28,  1840.  All  "live  in  this 
Co.  except  Julia,  the  wife  of  Wm.  Bocock,  who  lives  in  Woodford 
Co.,  111.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  were  members  of  the  Christian  Church.  The 
widow  is  still  able  to  do  all  her  own  work.  In  early  times  Mr.  J. 
acted  as  marslial,  or  minute  man,  to  call  the  settlers  together  when 
Indians  threatened.  The  "fort"  was  the  brick  dwelling  of  Jacob 
Ellis,  on  sec.  9,  Buckheart  tp.,  and  was  such  at  the  time  of  Wester- 
field's  defeat. 

Robert  Johnson  was  born  in  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  in  1807,  and  is  the 
son  of  John  and  Rachel  (Statts)  Johnson.  ^Ir.  R.  came  to  this 
county  iNIarch  27,  1857,  and  located  on  sec.  16,  Buckheart  tp.,  and 
built  a  house  into  which  he  moved.     After  living  in  it  for  15  years 


402  HISTORY  OF 'FULTON  COUNTY. 

it  was  burned  durino;  the  absence  of  the  family.  It  was  supposed 
to  have  been  robbed  and  then  set  on  fire.  Mr.  J,  had  several  hun- 
dred dollars  in  money  in  the  house  at  the  time.  He  immediately 
built  his  present  residence.  He  married  Mary  Myers,  daughter  of 
John  Myers,  in  1833.  They  brought  7  children  to  this  conuty  with 
them:  Susan  M.,  Elizabeth  M.,  Andrew  M.,  Abram,  Charlus  S., 
Wm.  A.,  and  Robert  S.  Mrs.  J.  died  Aug.  10,  1877.  Two  of  the 
boys  served  in  the  army  during  the  late  war:  Abram  and  Charles. 

James  Hervey  Kelley  Mas  born  in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.,  Oct.  20,  1809, 
and  is  the  son  of  Henrv  Kellev  of  Augusta  Co.,  Va.  His  trrand- 
father  was  John  Kellev,  of  the  same  State ;  his  father  was  a  native 
of  Ireland.  Henry  Kellev.'s  wife's  maiden  name  was  Catharine 
Buchanan,  and  was  born  about  the  vear  1787.  Thev  were  married 
Dec.  30,  1801.  James  H.  married  Prudence  Brown  Dec.  13,  1836. 
She  was  born  at  Thomaston,  Me.,  Jan.  14,  1809.  They  had  a  family 
of  4  children,  2  living:  Samuel  A.  and  Ann.  The  latter  married 
Wm.  S.  Hood  and  lives  in  this  township.  Mr.  K.  came  to  this 
county  in  1835  with  his  parents,  and  has  lived  at  his  present  resi- 
dence, sec.  28,  for  41  years.  His  lirst  wife,  died  Aug.  8,  1S7<),  and 
he  has  since  married  Susan  Virginia  Walker,  who  was  born  in  1826, 
and  is  the  daughter  of  AVm.  and  Xancv  Walker. 

John  Henry  Kelley,  farmer,  merchant,  and  proprietor  of  a  saw- 
mill;  was  born  in  ToUsborro,  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.,  June  3,  1819.  His 
father,  Wm.  Kelley,  is  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  is  now  living  at 
the  age  of  90  years.  William's  father  Avas  John  Kelley,  a  native  of 
Ireland.  He  died  in  Kentucky  aged  nearly  100  years.  John  Kel- 
ley's  mother,  Annie  (Hannahs)  Kelley,  was  a  daughter  of  Hugh 
Hannahs.  John  Kelley  came  to  this  county  in  1850  and  located 
near  Bryant.  He  married  Harriet  Putman.  daughter  of  Harrison 
Putman,  in  1857,  and  has  a  familv  of  2  children:  Wm.  H.,  born 
Aug.  12,  1859,  and  Frank  Ellsworth,  Aug.  20,  1869.  Mr.  K.  is  at 
present  carrying  on  a  farm  uj)on  Mhich  he  settled  in  1870,  on  sec.  29, 
of  360  acres,  a  saw-mill  on  sec.  33,  and  a  general  store  at  Bryant.  His 
mill  has  a  capacity  of  100,000  feet  per  month. 

Samuel  Adam<i  Kelley  was  born  on  sec.  28,  Buckheart  township, 
March  1,  1842  and  is  the  son  of  James  H.  and  Prudence  (Brown) 
Kelley.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Rebecca  Stevenson 
Aug.  13,  1867.  Mrs.  K,  is  a  daughter  of  John  Stevenson,  who  was 
born  in  Frederick  Co.,  Md.,  Nov.  19,  1784,  and  was  born  in  High- 
land Co.,  O.,  Aug.  13,  1837.  John  Stevenson  died  in  Putman  town- 
ship June  17,  1873.  His  wife,  Catharine  Black,  was  born  Sept.  3, 
1797,  in  Bucks  Co.,  Pa.  and  died  Feb.  2,  1874.  Samuel  A.  Kelly 
and  wife  have  had  three  children  :  Jennie  Adelia,  born  June  20, 
'68;  Laura  ^fay.  May  22, '72,  and  Francis  Emily,  Nov.  8, '77. 

Thomas  Jixper  Kelley  is  a  son  of  John  H.  Kellev,  and  was  born  on 
see.  28,  Buckheart  township,  June  20,  1843.  He  lives  on  the  old 
hom2Stead  of  his  father  consistiuijof  320  acres.  He  is  now  holding 
his  second  term  as  Sjparvisor  of  the  township,  and  has  served  in 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  493 

ni'iny  other  offices.  On  tlic  old  homestead  arc  30  or  40  mounds, 
which  were  made  by  tlie  Mound  I5uihlcrs,  Mr.  K.  was  married  to 
Miss  Annie  Fonts,  daugliter  of"  Du^au  Fonts,  Feb.  2.3,  1868,  at  the 
residence  of  her  mother  on  sec.  14.  They  had  a  family  of  two 
children,  ucitiier  liviuii;.  Charles  Edgar  died  aged  3  years,  in  Nov. 
1879;  the  other  in  infancy. 

/.  /.  Kirkpatrick,  merchant,  was  born  in  Brown  Co.,  O.,  Nov.  15, 
1815,  but  was  brought  up  in  the  interior  of  Kentucky  ;  came  to  this 
county  Dec.  25,  1854,  married  the  widow  of  John  Riley,  located  in 
Piitman  township,  and  engaged  in  farming;  in  18G5  he  entered  the 
hardware  business  in  Canton,  as  a  member  of  the  firm  of  C.  Haines 
&  Co. ;  in  1867  he  went  to  Bryant  and  in  company  with  his  brother 
conducted  a  general  merchandise  store  lor  about  five  years,  and  then 
established  a  drug  store,  and  one  year  ago  opened  a  store  of  boots, 
shoes,  tinware  and  notions, — a  nephew  attending  the  drug-store,  and 
his  only  son,  Archie  Inskeep.  Member  of  the  Christian  Church. 
Republican. 

Jacob  Lin</cnfclfcr,  deceased,  was  born  in  the  town  of  Greenfield, 
Bedford  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  12,  1806.  His  father's  name  was  also  Jacob, 
a  native  of  the  same  county.  The  great-great  grandfather  of  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  came  from  Germany  in  the  early  part  of  the 
last  century  and  his  son  was  born  in  the  Keystone  State  and  served 
undc>r  WasJiington  in  the  Revolution.  Our  sul)ject  came  to  Fulton 
county  in  the  fall  of  1847,  bringing  his  wife  and  a  family  of  8  chil- 
dren in  the  spring  of  the  following  year.  The  names  of  the  children 
are  Margaret,  Matthias,  Josiah,  INloscs,  Chris-tina,  Aaron,  John  and 
David,  wiio  were  all  born  in  Penn.,  and  of  the  number  Margaret, 
John  and  David  are  now  living.  Four  children  were  born  to  them 
after  they  came  to  this  county  :  Frederick,  Jacob,  Alexander  and 
Sarah  C. ;  Jacob  Lingenfelter  located  on  sec.  13  Buckheart  town- 
ship where  he  bought  a  firm  of  80  acres.  He  deserves  more  than  a 
passing  notice  in  tlie  pages  of  local  history,  for  commencing  with 
limited  means,  by  honesty,  frugality  and  industry  he  accumulated  a 
large  i>roperty,  leaving  to  his  family  700  or  800  acres  of  land.  He 
died  Sept.  14,  1876.  His  widow  and  4  of  the  younger  children  now 
live  at  the  old  homestead.  He  was  a  Re|)ul)lican  in  ])olitics  and  3 
of  his  sons  served  in  the  late  war.  Josiah  served  3  years  in  103d 
111.  Inf,  and  was  wounded  at  Jonesboro,  (Ja. ;  went  through  with 
Shei'man  to  the  sea;  was  in  21  engagements.  He  now  lives  in 
Chamj)aign  Co.  His  children  are  Lydia  C,  Frederick  E.,  and  Sarah 
E. 

Aaron  enlisted  in  1861  in  the  55th  111.  liif,  and  served  4  years, 
participated  in  32  engagements,  and  was  wounded  twice.  In  the 
fights  around  Atlanta  July  22,  18()4,  a  finger  was  shot  oH'.  He  also 
went  with  Gen.  Sherman  through  Georgia  and  the  Carolinas,  and 
was  shot  through  the  shoulder  at  the  Jiattle  of  Bentonville,  N.  C. 
This  was  alxuit  the  last  light  of  the  war.  He  now  resides  with  his 
family  in  Banner  tp.     While  on  Sherman's  march  he  with  a  party 


494  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

went  out  foraging.  Some  of  the  men  of  rebel  Gen.  AViiecler's 
cavalry  tooU  after  the  party  and  separated  Aaron  from  his  compan- 
ions and  took  him  prisoner,  but  before  they  had  delivered  him  up 
and  while  parlying  with  tiiem,  as  he  was  standino-  beside  his  liorse 
one  of  them  shot  at  him.  The  ball  jiassed  through  his  clothes,  cut- 
ting his  watcii  chain  so  that  his  watch  dropped  into  his  boots.  At 
that  critical  moment  some  of  the  Union  troops  came  up,  when  Mr. 
L.  saw  his  chance  for  escape  and  told  the  rebels  they  might  go  to 

,  picked  up  his  gun  and  began  firing.     He  calls  that  about  the 

tightest  place  he  was  ever  in. 

John  enlisted  Feb.  22,  1864,  in  103d  111.  Inf.,  was  taken  sick 
almost  immediatelv  thereafter  Avith  ervsipelas,  and  died  in  hospital 
at  SpringfieUl,  March  22,  18G4. 

The  wife  of  Jacob  Lingenfelter  was  Sarah  Clear,  also  a  native  of 
Bedford  Co.,  Pa.,  and  a  daughter  of  Frederick  Clear,  whose  father 
came  from  Germany. 

Moses  Lingenfelter  was  born  in  1857,  and  now  lives  on  part  of 
the  old  homestead.  He  married  Sarah  E.,  daughter  of  Minard 
Vandyke,  of  Liverpool  tp.  Wm.  E.,  Josiah  E.,  Jacob  F.,  and 
Sarah  Ann  are  their  children. 

Jonah  Lingenfelter  married  Margaret  Shellenberger  Sept.  10, 
1874.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Wm.  Shellenberger,  who  enlisted  in 
Co.  D,  55th  111.  Inf ,  and  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh,  April 
6,  1862. 

Jacob  L.  married  ^lary  Ann  Kendall,  daughter  of  Thomas  Ken- 
dall, of  Banner,  Feb.  18,  1877.  Nora  Etta  is  the  name  of  their 
little  girl. 

Peter  Loucls,  a  native  of  New  York  and  of  Mohawk  Dutch 
descent,  came  to  this  county  in  Sept.,  1855,  and  located  on  the 
AVoodside  place  at  Cuba,  and  engaged  in  railroad  work  as  conductor, 
baggage-master  and  contractor.  About  1834  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage  with  Harriet  Hews  at  Albany,  X.  Y.,  who  was  a  native  of 
Saratoga,  X.  Y.  They  have  a  family  of  five  children, — Eosetta 
Ann,  Eliza  Ellen,  Addie  Jane,  Charley  and  Parmelia  Isabel,  all 
living  at  home  with  parents.  He  is  a  Democrat,  and  himself  and 
wife  are  members  of  the  I'^nited  Brethren  Church. 

John  Lucky  was  born  in  Hartford  Co.,  Md.,  in  1808.  His  parents 
were  AVm.  and  Eebecca  (Leggett)  Lucky.  He  came  to  Illinois  in 
1838,  and  located  on  sec.  17,  this  tp.  There  was  a  small  log-cabin 
on  the  place  into  which  he  moved  his  fiunily.  The  place  was  not 
otherwise  impnivcd.  He  bought  a  shot-gun  and  a  bag  of  shot, 
and  says  he  never  lived  and  enjoyed  himself  better  in  his  life.  He 
lived  princi|)ally  on  game,  corn  bread  and  j)ork.  He  ground  his 
corn  in  "  Armstrong's  Mill,"  which  consisted  of  a  piece  of  tin 
punched  full  of  holes  and  bont  over  a  board,  and  used  as  a  grater. 
He  married  Elizabeth  ^IcCreary  in  April  25,  1833. 

Jacob  A.  Maynard,  farmer,  sec.  14;  was  born  in  Feb.,  1852,  upon 
the   farm   where   he   now   resides.      He  was   married   to   Anna   L. 


HISTORY    OF    FUI.TOX    COUNTY.  495 

Brokrtw,  daughter  of  Honry  Brokaw,  doccased.  Her  mother  is  now 
livino;  with  herself  and  husband.  They  have  2  chihh'en, — Fred  B. 
and  Jacob  A.,  jr.  Jeifry  Amherst  Maynard,  Jacob's  father,  is  a 
native  of  PhiHij)ston,  Mass.,  and  was  born  March  7,  1809,  and  died 
at  his  home  3  miles  south  of  Canton  in  Feb.,  181)4.  He  was  num- 
bered among  the  pioneers  of  this  county,  having  come  here  in  1830, 
and  located  on  sec.  1,  Bnckheart  tp.,  which  he  improved;  but  in 
1835,  the  time  of  the  great  storm,  his  log  cabin,  fences,  etc.,  were 
demolished,  and  Mrs.  M.  badly  injured,  and  a  Mrs.  G.  Gould,  who 
was  visiting  at  Mr.  M.'s,  was  fatallv  injured  and  died  the  next  morn- 
ing.  The  storm  occurred  at  10  o'clock,  p.  M.  Mr.  M.  then  moved 
to  where  he  died.  In  1832  he  married  Rebecca  Fox,  a  native  of 
Richmond,  Wayne  Co.,  Ind.  She  bore  him  8  children  :  Louis  C, 
Maria  Ellen,  deceased,  Wm.  D.,  Lucy  N.,  Edward,  Perry  A.,  de- 
ceased, Jacob  A.,  and  Chas.  C.  Mr.  ^L  taught  school  in  Buckheart 
tp.  in  an  early  day.  He  was  a  strong  temperance  advocate  and  was 
among  the  first  to  abolish  liquor  from  the  harvest  field. 

J.  II.  McCreary  was  born  in  Buckheart  tp.  in  INIarch,  1839;  mar- 
ried Mary  J.  Hews,  daughter  of  Wm.  P.;  has  4  children, — Chas. 
Sumner,  Jennie  L.,  ^Nlattie  and  Xicholas, — all  at  home.  His  father 
was  Nicholas  McCreary,  a  native  of  Baltimore,  ^Id.,  who  came  to 
this  county  about  1838,  and  settled  on  sec.  10;  afterwards  moved 
to  Putman  tp.  where  he  now  lives.  He  married  Frances  A.  Hughes 
in  Baltimore,  who  died  in  1846.  Mr.  J.  H.  McC.  has  plowed  up 
many  Indian  relics  in  the  vicinity  of  an  old  Indian  fort  near  his 
house. 

John  S.  Miller,  born  in  1844,  in  Augusta  Co.,  Va.,  came  with  his 
parents  to  this  cninty  in  184S;  in  1862  enlisted  in  the  4Gth  111.  Inf. 
at  Cuba,  served  in  Kentucky,  Tennessee,  Alabama  and  Georgia, 
was  in  five  battles,  and  wounded  in  the  hand  by  a  piece  of  shell  at 
tha  battle  of  Livenworth  Junction,  Kv. ;  was  wounded  severely  in 
the  right  hip  at  the  battle  of  Franklin,  Tenn.,  by  a  spent  musket 
l)all,  from  which  he  still  suffers;  was  discharged  in  May,  1865; 
married  Elizabeth  J.  Coffee,  a  native  of  Jackson  Co.,  Ala.,  July  1, 
1866;  now  has  two  children, — Mattie  J.,  born  in  1872,  and  Sylvie, 
born  in  1875.     Residence,  sec.  5,  Buckheart  tp.     Republican. 

Bcvcrli/  G.  Milner,  deceased,  was  born  and  reared  near  Leesburgh, 
Highland  Co.,  O.  In  1856  he  came  to  this  county,  then  at  the  age 
of  22  years.  His  ])arents  were  John  and  Susan  (  Kinzer)  ^lilner, 
both  natives  of  Virginia.  Mr.  M.  through  life  followed  farming. 
He  was  a  hard  student  and  devouted  much  time  to  the  sciences,  and 
to  Greek,  Latin,  Theology,  etc.  He  was  married  in  Lewistown, 
this  county,  Feb.  4,  1856,  to  Elizabeth  M., daughter  of  Wm.  Denny. 
He  left  a  family  of  7  children, — Mary,  John  W.,  Sarah  R.,  Dora  E., 
David  W.,  Ira  Eugene  and  W.  Delmer,  all  of  whom  are  living  at 
the  homestead  with  Mrs.  M.  They  lost  4  children,  3  in  infancy  and 
Beverly  G.,  who  died  June  12,  1879,  at  the  age  of  14.  Mr.  M. 
first  settled  in  Liverpool  tp.,  but  in  1872  bought  a  farm  on  see.  12; 


496  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Biickheart,  where  he  resided  with  his  familv  until  his  death  which 
occurred  Sunday  August  3,  1879.  He  left  his  familv  in  comfortable 
circumstances. 

Richard  L.  Moran,  sen,,  Mas  born  in  St.  Mary's  county,  Md.,  of 
French  ancestry;  was  in  the  war  of  1812;  married  Ann  llayden,  a 
native  of  the  same  place,  who  died  in  Maryland.  Mr,  M.  subse- 
quently came  to  Independence,  Putman  tp.,  in  this  county,  brino:ing 
with  him  5  children, — Mariiarct,  Wm.  H.  (who  died  in  1877), 
Richard  L.,  jun.,  Elizabeth  and  Martha.  ^Margaret  is  the  wife  of 
Maj.  Herring-;  Eliz:djcth  is  the  wife  of  Xelsou  iJagley,  Dakota; 
Martha  is  tiie  wife  of  Nicholas  McCreary,  at  Civer,  Putmau  tp., 
and  Richard  L.'s  sketch  is  next  given. 

Richard  Lt/on  Mora )i,  ']nn.,  son  of  preceding,  was  born  in  Mary- 
land, married  at  Cuba,  this  county,  in  184.3,  to  Sybil  Cummiugs. 
daughter  of  Israel  W.  Cummiugs  and  Susannah  (Carrh)  Cunimings, 
Mr.  C.  was  a  native  of  Dunstable,  Mass.,  and  Mrs  C  of  Greenoch, 
Scotland,  both  now  deceased.  INIr.  Moran  has  had  9  children, 
namely,  Oliver  C,  born  March  26,  1845,  and  died  May  26,  1863; 
Edmund  P.,  born  Dec.  5, 1847;  Albert,  born  Oct.  11,  1850,  or  '51, 
killed  by  lightning  wiiile  sitting  at  a  window  Aug.  9,  1863;  Emily 
J.,  born  July  14,  1853;  Ann,  born  June  9,  1855 ;  Richard  Lyon, 
born  Aug.  9,  1857;  Joseph  H.,  born  Jan.  1,  1862;  Ella,  born  -lulv 
22,  1864;  and  Harry,  Sapt.  29,  1869. 

Mr.  M.  and  wife  settled  on  the  place  where  they  now  reside,  (N. 
W.  ^  of  sec.  19)  in  the  fall  of  1844,  in  the  deep  woods,  and  put  on 
the  place  all  the  improvements  which  have  been  made ;  their  pres- 
ent commodioiisstone  house  was  built  in  1859;  farm  consists  of  225 
acres,  untlerlaid  by  veins  of  coal.  The  family  still  have  the  old- 
fashioned  wooden  mortar  in  which  they  made  hominy  in  early  days, 
— better  hominy  than  we  have  nowadays.  Mr.  M.  is  a  Republican 
in  politics. 

Oliver  Cromwell  ^Moran,  the  eldest  son,  enlisted  in  Co.  G.,  103d 
111.  Inf.,  in  Aug.,  1862,  for  3  )'ears ;  after  abt)Ut  9  months  he  was 
taken  sick  while  on  a  forced  march,  and  died  in  the  hospital  at  La 
Grange,  Tenn.,  May  26,  1863. 

Horatio  Clark  Xc/sn)i,  is  a  native  of  Raltimore,  Md.  and  was  born 
March  2,  1819.  He  first  came  to  this  county  in  1838;  soon  went 
to  Lexington,  Ky.,  and  began  the  study  of  law  wi\h  ^ladison  C. 
Johnson,  and  graduated  in  the  Law  Dcpartmeht  of  the  University 
of  Kentucky  in  1843.  He  graduated  from  St.  Mary's  College,  Bal- 
timore, in  183rS,  taking  the  degrees  of  A.  R.  and  A.M.  Pie  was  ad- 
mitted to  the  liar  in  Kentucky,  in  1843;  married  at  Lexington  in 
'44  to  Eliza  Jones,  also  a  native  of  Baltimore,  and  moved  to  Buck- 
heart  tp.,  locating  on  the  southeast  quarter  of  sec.  2.  He  has  finely 
improved  and  added  to  it,  and  now  devotes  his  attention  to  raising 
blooilcd  stock.  On  coming  to  this  State  he  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar,  but  has  never  practiced  here.  His  wife  has  borne  him  7  chil- 
dren, 4  of  whom  are  living  at  home,  3  are  married  and  living  away 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  497 

from  home :  The  names  of  the  oliildren  are  Kate,  Maud,  Ernest, 
Horatio,  ^laria,  Reginald  and  Eliza.  i\Ir.  X.  has  always  been  a 
Whig  and  Republican.  He  imbibed  his  political  views  from  Hen- 
ry Clay,  being-  personally  acquainted  with  him.  In  1861  he  enlisted 
in  7th  111.  Cav.,  Co.  K,  which  was  raised  principally  through  his 
exertion.  He  was  elected  Captain,  and  the  Major  being  killed  in 
battle  he  was  elected  to  fill  the  vacancy.  jNIajor  N.  Avas  taken  pris- 
oner at  Coffeeville.  It  was  during  the  night  and  by  mistake  he  rode 
in  the  midst  of  the  enemy,  but  in  less  than  5  minutes  a  body  of 
Union  troops  came  riding  up,  when  his  captor's  attention  was  drawn 
from  him  an  instant  and  he  dusted  away. 

Win.  0' Brian  was  born  in  the  })arish  of  Bally  William,  county  of 
Tiperary,  Ireland,  April  9,  1837;  parents  were  John  and  Ann  (Ry- 
an), the  latter  a  daughter  of  James  Ryan.  The  father  died  in  Ire- 
land, and  the  mother,  with  7  children,  started  for  America  in  1846; 
two  of  the  childi'en  died  on  the  voyage;  they  landed  in  Quebec, 
then  settled  in  Jjurlington,  Vt.,  where  the  old  lady  still  lives.  Wm. 
first  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1855.  settling  at  Table  Grove,  and  fol- 
lowed blacksmithing  for  11  vears.  In  1864  he  bought  a  farm  of  80 
acres  on  sec.  13,  Buckhcart  tj).  and  since  has  added  160  acres.  He 
was  married  to  Margaret  Campl)ell  at  Canton,  March  10,  1857,  by 
Rev.  Father  Pitman.  She  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  daughter  of 
Patrick  Cam])bell.  They  have  had  5  children,  4  of  whom  are  liv- 
ing: Wm.  John,  born  Aug.  24,  1859;  Mary  Ann,  Feb.  13,  1861  ; 
Nancy  Ellen,  July  13,  1862;  Catherine  Jane,  April  6,  1865  The 
deceased  was  also  Wm.  John,  born  Aug.  28,  1858,  and  died  Aug.  31, 
1859. 

John  TF.  O^B riant,  farmer,  son  of  next  mentioned,  Avas  born  in 
1848,  married  Didami,  daughter  of  SjxMicor  Mangram,  now  living 
near  Table  Grove,  this  Co.;  has  one  chikl,  Cora  Lee;  lives  on  part 
of  the  old  homestead.     Republican. 

Lemuel  O'Briunt,  farmer,  Avas  born  in  Ross  Co.,  O  ,  July  4,  1812  ; 
his  parents  Avere  Joscjih  and  Sarah  (Barker)  O'B.,  natives  of  Fau- 
quier Co.,  Va. ;  they  emigrated  to  the  vicinity  of  Ft.  Clark  (uoav 
Peoria)  in  1824,  Avhere  the  father  died.  Lemuel  came  and  settled 
on  S.  W.  i  of  sec.  30,  Buckheart  tp.,  in  1834,  Avhere  he  built  and  ran 
a  saAv-mill  for  10  years,  in  partnership  with  David  Haacke  ;  now 
OAvns  and  occupies  the  N.  h  of  that  section  as  farmer;  mai-ricd  Mary 
Ann  Oviatt,  a  native  of  New  York,  in  1835,  in  Buckhcart  tp. ;  her 
parents,  Elisha  and  Abagail,  were  early  settlers,  and  of  Dutch  and 
Scotch  descent.  (Elisha  Oviatt's  father  Avas  a  cousin  of  Ethan  Allen, 
and  carried,  Avith  a  team,  tlic  party  who  took  Ft.  Ticondcroga.)  Mr. 
O'Briant  has  had  7  children, — Abagail,  Laviiui,  Elisha,  .John  W., 
Lucinda,  Sarah  E.,  and  Eunice, — all  living  in  this  county,  except 
Eunice,  who  died  at  the  age  of  5  years.     Methodist,     Republican. 

James  Prifchard,  steward  of  the  county-farm,  is  a  son  of  Jordan 
Pritchard,  spoken  of  in  sketch  of  Liver[)ool  tp.  He  Avas  married 
to  Sarah  Elizabeth  Hagans  in   LeAvistowu  tp.  in   1854.     She  Avas 


498  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

born  in  Arkansas  in  1840,  and  is  the  daughter  of  Wni.  L.  Hagans, 
■who  came  to  the  conntv  in  1852.  Thev  have  hntl  a  familv  of"  8 
children:  Mary  E.,  Win.  B.,  died  in  18(51,  R..l)ert  J.,  Henrv  C, 
James  K.,  Perry  H,  Willard  S.  and  Guy  I.  Mary  married  Butler 
Fast  and  lives  in  Banner  t]^.  James  P.  has  l)een  Assessor  of"  Liver- 
pool tp.  and  held  other  offices  in  that  and  Waterford  townships. 
He  is  superintendent  of  the  county-farm,  and  tells  us  that  the  in- 
mates have  averaged  about  48  for  the  past  decade,  the  time  he  has 
been  its  steward.  These  are  about  equally  divided  between  the 
sexes.  There  are  8  who  have  been  here  for  15  years,  and  one  old 
lady  for  26  years.  Nine  of  the  present  inmates  are  hopelessly  in- 
sane, 4  males  and  5  females,  and  29  are  mo.stly  feeble-minded. 

George  Rilea,  farmer,  sec.  24.  Mr.  R.  enlisted  at  Canton  in 
August,  1861,  in  the  55th  111.  Inf.;  on  arriving  at  Chicago  was 
transferred  to  the  c9t'.i,  known  as  "Yates'  Phalanx."  He  served 
with  this  regiment  in  Co.  C,  through  the  late  war  and  was  in  17 
battles  and  charges  and  numercuis  skirmishes.  He  was  wounded  at 
Petersburg,  Pa.  He  was  one  of  the  assaulting  party  in  the  last  and 
successful  charge  upon  the  enemy's  works.  They  had  overcome 
and  taken  the  outer  forts  and  Mr.  R.  was  wounded  in  a  charge  ou 
the  inner  fort  by  a  musket  ball  in  his  right  arm,  the  muzzle  of  the 
gun  not  being  over  two  feet  from  him  when  it  was  discharged  at 
him.  His  arm  was  so  shattered  that  it  was  found -necessary  to  am- 
putate it.  He  was  mustered  out  June  17,  1865.  Mr.  R.  was  born 
in  Brown  Co.,  O.,  and  is  the  son  of  James  Rilea,  who  came  to  this 
countv  in  1841.  George  married  Elizabeth  Mclntvre  Oct.  20, 
1867,  at  Bryant.  They  have  a  family  of  4  children:  Henry 
Robert,  ^s'ancy  Catharine  and  Malinda  Ellen,  twins,  and  Minnie 
Ann. 

Dr.  James  JRilea  is  a  native  of  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was 
born  Feb.  4,  1799.  His  father  was  William  and  his  grandfather 
James  Rilea.  The  latter  was  a  native  of"  Scotland,  and  came  to  the 
U.  S.  before  the  Revolution.  James  Rilea  came  to  this  county  in 
1841  and  located  on  sec.  25,  this  tp.  Dr.  R.,  although  not  a  regularly 
educated  physician,  in  an  early  day  paid  considerable  attention  to 
the  treatment  of  the  sick  around  him,  and  being  very  successful  in 
the  cure,  had  an  extensive  practice  among  the  settlers.  He  was  well 
and  f"av(»rably  known.  James  Riloa  was  married  Feb.  4,  1823,  in 
Highland  Co.,  ()..  to  Catharine  C.  Ewing,  daughter  of  Adam  H. 
Ewino;.  She  was  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church  for  50  vears,  but 
now  belongs  to  the  I'nited  Brethren  Church.  They  have  had  12 
children,  all  born  in  Ohio  except  the  youngest,  who  was  burn  in  this 
county.  They  are  Joshua  1).,  John  E.,  Adam  H.,  Wm.  E., 
Thomas  E.,  Henry  S.,  Arminda,  George,  Nancy,  Rebecca  and 
Sarali  E.  The  fourth  son  died  in  infancy.  Four  of  the  boys  served 
in  the  late  war. 

Onslow  Gaines  Ixoberts  was  born  in  Joshua  tp.,  this  county,  Feb. 
8,   1839;  his  parents  were  John  and   Anna   Roberts,  of  Kentucky, 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  499 

who  came  to  this  county  in  A])ril,  l<S3o,  locatintj  in  Hickory  town- 
ship. He  (lied  Oct.,  1<S.']9.  His  chihh-en  were  Martha,  John  J., 
Joseph  T.,  James  W.,  Elizabeth  and  Onslow  Gaines,  the  last  the 
only  one  living  in  this  county.  The  latter  married  Anna  F.  Pluni- 
mel,  dauii'hter  of  Win.,  at  Bryant,  Feb.  26,  ISO-'),  slic  having  been 
born  Feb.  l],  1<S4.'>.  Tliev  have  5  children:  Charlie  C,  born  -Ian. 
3,  1864;  \Vm.  M.,  May  6,  1865;  Emma  L.,  Sept.  12,  1868;  Dela- 
no G.,  April  15,  1870;  Frank  B.,  April  14,  1872.  Mr.  R.  is  a 
Democrat,  and  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Christian 
Church.  Mrs.  John  Roberts  married  a  second  time,  a  Mr.  Wilson, 
who   has  since  died,  and  she  is  now  living  with  her  sou  Onslow  G. 

John  C.  Rodcnbaugh  was  born  in  Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J.,  in  1820, 
and  came  to  this  county  in  1853.  He  located  in  Canton  and  worked 
at  the  trade  of  shoemaking  in  that  place  and  Fairview  for  8  years, 
since  which  time  he  has  been  engaged  in  farming.  He  married 
Letty  N.  Apgar  in  New  Jersey,  who  bore  him  2  children, — Mary 
Ann  and  Sarah  Elizabeth.  The  former  married  Forbes  Wood,  and 
the  latter  Henry  R.  Suydam,  who  died  in  the  army  during  the  Re- 
bellion. He  was  a  member  of  Co.  D,  103d  Inf ,  and  died  at  St. 
Louis,  Dec.  31,  1863,  while  on  his  way  home.  Calvin  W.,  one  of 
his  sons,  lives  with  his  grandfather  Rodcnbaugh,  and  the  other, 
Henry  F.,  clerks  in  R.  W.  Dewey's  store.  Canton.  Sarah  Elizabeth 
is  now  the  wife  of  Nathan  INIcssler,  of  Canton.  l)oth  INIr.  and  Mrs. 
R.  are  memljcrs  of  the  Presbyterian  Church.  Mr.  R.  takes  great 
interest  in  Sunday-school  work. 

Henry  C.  Shryoch,  farnuu-,  sec.  22,  is  the  son  of  Milton  Shryock. 
He  was  united  in  marriage  at  Bushnell,  Til.,  with  Miss  Mary  E. 
M^ifer,  Dec.  29,  1875.  She  is  a  native  of  Marietta,  Fulton  Co., 
and  a  daughter  of  John  J.  and  Sarah  (Ward)  ^\'afer;  the  former  a 
native  of  Canada  and  the  latter  of  Illinois.  They  have  only  one 
child,  Cora,  born  April  29,  1877.  Politically,  Mr.  S.  is  a  Republi- 
can. 

Junu'H  P.  Shryock,  son  of  Milton  Shryot-k,  one  of  the  leading 
farmers  of  this  county.  He  was  married  to  Sarah  W.  Weller,  Jan. 
2,  18(52,  in  Canton  t|).  She  is  a  daughter  of  Win.  and  Elizabeth 
(Long)  Weller,  both  natives  of  Warren  Co.,  N.  J.  They  came  to 
this  (M>unty  in  Jan.,  1854.  Mrs.  S.  was  born  in  that  State,  Oct.  18, 
1841.  They  have  a  family  of  3  children:  Ida  jNIay,  born  Dec.  9, 
1864;  Wm.  M.,  May  16,  1866,  and  Fidessia,  Oct.  17,  1874.  Mr. 
S.  has  been  Supervisor,  and  has  been  School  Director  for  9  years. 
The  Shryock  Cha]x4  was  built  at  an  expense  of  al)out  $2,300.  Mr. 
Milton  Siirvock  contributed  to  this  .Si, 700,  and  the  rest,  (except 
about  §100),  was  made  up  by  the  Shryock  family. 

John.  C.  Shryock.  Of  the  numerous  family  of  Shryocks  living  in 
this  townsliip  is  our  "subject,  John  C.  Shryock.  He  is  a  son  of 
INlilton  Shryock.  He  has  resided  on  sec.  22  since  1875,  where  he 
has  since  erected  a  fine  two-story  frame  house,  large  barn,  etc.  He 
was  married  to  Emily  Jane  Hackett,  a  native  of  this  countj,  and  a 


500  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

daughtor  of  Clayton  S.  Hackett,  a  native  of  Delaware.  His  wife 
was  Mar<raret  ^[ercer,  now  deceased.  The  wedding  occurred  at 
Milton  Shrvock's  residence,  March  IG,  187;>.  Charles,  born  June 
20,  1877,  is  their  onlv  child.  Both  ^Ir.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  members 
of  the  M.  E.  Church.* 

Milton  S/iryock,  Postmaster  and  merchant,  St.  David,  was  born 
near  Lexington,  Ky.,  May  17,  1812.  His  father.  Christian  Shryock 
served  in  the  war  of  1812  and  died  while  in  the  service.  Christian 
Shryock's  father  was  Frederick  Shryock,  native  of  Maryland  near 
Frederickstown,  Avhich  it  is  supposed  received  its  name  from  hira. 
His  mother's  maiden  name  was  Rebecca  Graham.  Milton  came  to 
this  county  in  1833;  was  married  to  Rebecca  Carver,  March  27, 
1834.  She  was  a  daughter  of  P.  M.  Carver  and  was  born  Feb.  6, 
1815.  Mr.  S.  carried  on  blacksmithing  in  Canton  for  2  vcars,  and 
in  1836  moved  to  sec.  21,  Bnckhcart  tp.  There  was  a  small  log 
cabin  on  this  200  acres  and  2  or  3  acres  cleared,  the  rest  heavy  tim- 
ber. Of  this,  170  acres  is  now  cleared  and  finely  improved.  He 
has  given  his  boys  480  acres,  adjoining  the  homestead  that  now  con- 
sists of  440  acres  of  land,  and  to  his  girls  240  acres.  ]\li]ton 
Shryock  and  wife  have  had  a  family  of  8  children,  6  of  whom  are 
living:  Wm.  W.  was  born  Jan.  18,  1835  ;  James  P.,  Aug.  18,  1838 ; 
Sarah  C,  Nov.  29,  1840;  John  C,  Jan.  26,  '44;  Mary  Jane,  April 
15,  '48;  Henry  Clay,  Dec,  1,  1850  Tho.se  not  living  are  Samuel 
Allen,  born  Oct.  26,  '4(j,  died  March  15,  '47:  Frances  Eldora,  Dec. 
12,  '54,  died  Sept.  20,  '72.  James  P.  married  Sarah  Weller ;  John 
C.  married  P^mma  Hackett  ;  Henry  C.  married  Mary  E.  Wafer ; 
S:irah  married  Samuel  C.  AVasson  and  resides  on  sec.  12,  this  tp. ; 
Mary  married  (xeo.  T.  Baylor  and  lives  at  Cuba  ;  Wm.  A^^  married 
Margaret  Slack  and  lives  in  Jackson  Co.,  Mo. 

Johnson  Smith  was  born  in  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  in  1811.  His 
parents  were  Wm.  and  Ivucretia  (Johnson)  Smith,  born  in  Mon- 
mouth Co.,  X.  J.  They  arc  of  English  and  Trisji  descent.  Both 
grandparetits,  Benjamin  Smith  and  ^^  illiam  Johnson  were  sol- 
diers under  Wasliington.  Mr.  S.  married  Rebecca  Washburn, 
a  native  of  Ohio  and  daughter  of  Jolin  and  Eleanor  (Wood) 
Washburn.  They  brought  2  children  to  this  county  with  them: 
John  M.  and  Hannah.  Those  born  here  are  Samantha,  Aurelia, 
William,  JosejJi  and  Adelaide,  all  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  S. 
came  from  Ohio  with  a  4-horse  wagon  and  was  13  days  on  the  trip. 
He  bought  a  farm  on  the  southwest  quarter  of  sec.  32,  Buckheart 
townshij),  and  first  lived  in  a  log  caliin.  This  quarter  of  land  Mas 
covered  with  timber  when  he  settled  upon  it  but  is  now  under  cul- 
tivation. Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  both  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 
The  former  has  been  a  member  for  50  years. 

John  IF.  Snider,  farmer,  was  born  near  P'lizabethtown,'' Carter  Co., 
East  Tenn.,  July  12,  18'>7.  His  parents  were  Isaac  and  Matilda 
(Wilson)  Snider,  who  came  and  settled  on  sec.  35,  this  township,  in 
1860,  where   they  resided  4  years.     They  now  live    at  Gardiner, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  501 

Grundy  Co.,  111.  John  II.  nuirried  Jemima  Bauman,  daiip^htcr  of 
Peter  B.,  Aug.  23,  1800,  and  they  have  now  8  children,  all  living 
at  home,  namely,  Mary  E.,  born  INIay  9,  18(31  ;  -lohn  \\Mllard,  Jan. 
5,  1863;  Leonard  R.,'Dec.  18,  1864;  ]Minerva,  Jan.  7,  1866;  Je.'^se 
C,  Jan.  20, 1870  ;  Charley,  July  10, 1872  ;  Cora  Lee,  Feb.  10, 1875  ; 
and  Orie  Dero,  April  23,  1877.  They  live  at  the  old  homestead 
(sec.  35),  where  all  the  improvements  were  made  by  John  H.  He 
is  a  Methodist  and  a  Republican. 

Solomon  B.  Sjiitirr,  farmer,  was  born  in  Carter  Co.,  East  Tcnn..  in 
1812;  settled  on  sec.  31,  this  township,  in  1853;  has  lived  on  his 
present  farm  (S.  E.  j  sec  33)  for  22  years ;  was  Justice  of  the 
Peace  in  Peoria  one  term ;  Republican  in  politics.  His  parents 
were  William  Snider  and  Elizabeth  (Bealor)  Snider,  both  of 
German  parentage.  Mr.  S.  married  Deborah  Wilcoxen,  daughter  of 
Samuel  W.,  in  Carter  Co.,  E.  Tenn.,  in  1833,  near  Roan  Mountain. 
Brought  to  this  county  3  children, — Martha  Ellen,  Mary  Elizabeth 
and  Eliza  Caroline.  The  first  married  John  C.  Lawrence,  the 
second  H.  A.  Whitnah  and  the  third  James  O'Brien,  and  died  April, 
1875.     Mrs.  Snider  died  May  10,  1872. 

JLifihcw  Tafum,  deceased,  born  Feb.  18,  1789,  in  Rowan  Co., 
N.  C,  and  died  Sept.  19,  1868,  in  this  township.  He  emigrated 
first  to  Indiana,  in  1825  to  Fulton  C<>. ;  spent  two  or  three  years  at 
the  Galena  lead  mines;  married  Mrs.  Lydia  Eggers,  a  native  of 
Laurens  Co.,  S.  C,  Aug.  1,  1830,  in  Canton  township, this  county; 
Mrs  T.  died  Oct.  2,  1872  ;  her  maiden  name  was  Dollor,  and  she 
was  born  in  1805;  her  father,  AVni.  D.,  was  a  native  of  Wales,  and 
her  mother  Ruth  (Beasley)  D.,  of  Virginia.  ]Mr.  D.  servrd  under 
^\ashington  in  the  Revolution  for  7  yeai's  ;  he  died  in  this  town- 
ship Sept.  6,  1838.  The  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs,  Tatum  are  :  Geo. 
W.  born  March  25,  1832,  died  in  1864;  John  G.,  born  Dec.  13, 
1837;  Amy,  born  Mar<-h  29,  1841  ;  and  Sarah  Jane,  Oct.  13,  1847, 
— the  last  three  living  in  this  county.  J.  G.  owns  and  occui)ies  the 
old  hcnnestead  on  N.  E.  j  of  sec.  7.  Both  parents  were  regular 
Ba]>tist,  and  the  father  was  a  Democrat. 

WiUifim  P.  Tamer.  The  Turners  are  of  English  origin,  but  as 
far  back  as  mc  are  able  to  trace  them  in  America  it  is  in  Xew 
Market,  Frederick  Co.,  Md.,  to  about  the  year  1679.  There  we 
find  William  Turner,  great-grandfather  of  the  subject  of  this 
sketch.  His  grandfather  was  Wm.  P.  Turner,  who  moved  to  North 
Carolina  and  married  Action  Howard.  Here  their  son.  Starling 
Turner,  was  born,  who  was  the  father  of  Wm.  P.  He  moved  to 
Kentucky  and  married  Sophia  Carver  in  ]'\'b.,  1801.  They 
came  to  Illinois  with  a  family  of  11  children  in  1831,  and  the  fol- 
lowing year  located  on  sec.  13,  Buckheart  tj).  Their  children  were 
Matilda,  Abigail  and  Jesse,  both  deceased,  Lydia,  Wm.  P.,  Sarah, 
James,  Starling,  jr.,  Jemima,  ^lary,  Margaret,  Benjamin  and 
Sophia.  Matilda  married  Wm.  Malsby  ;  Lydia,  Reuben  Peter,  and 
Sarah  Rev.  John  Tarleton  Fleming.     Wm.  P.  married  Eliza  Ann 


502  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

MePheeters,  and  resides  on  sec.  12,  this  townsliip.  James  married 
Sarah  A.  Carver.  Jemima  married  Ezckiel  Rdcklictld,  wlio  died, 
and  then  married  Mr.  Piekerin^;.  Marv  married  Roily  Rogers  and 
died  in  Banner  tp.  Margaret  married  Rev.  Moses  Jared,  both  de- 
ceased. Benjamin  died  at  the  age  of  18.  Sophia  married  John 
Pickering. 

Conieliii.s  Washburn  lived  in  Ohio  dnrins:  the  earlv  Indian  wars, 
and  when  Kentucky  was  in  reality  the  "dark  and  Idoody  ground." 
He  was  an  original  Indian  lighter  and  acted  the  part  of"  a  scout. 
While  carrying  words  of  warning  to  a  fort  near  Pittsburg  and  being 
alone,  was  attacked  by  the  Indians  just  after  sMimming  a  river. 
His  horse  was  killed,  yet  he  made  his  escape.  The  Indians  having 
committed  so  many  de]iredations.  he,  with  5  others,  followed  them 
and  had  a  battle  near  AVilliamsburg,  O.,  in  Avhich  they  defeated  the 
Indians,  at  the  loss  of  one  man  and  one  wounded.  Ten  years  after- 
wards he  returned  to  this  battle-field  and  found  a  gun  left  by  one 
of  the  party.  It  \v;i>  leaning  against  a  tree  in  the  same  position  it 
had  been  left.  Mr,  W.  was  a  genuine  trapper  and  hunter,  devoting 
his  entire  time  to  those  pursuits.  About  40  years  ago  he  engaged 
with  a  fur  company  to  go  beyond  the  Rocky  ^lountains,  since 
which  time  he  has  never  been  heard  from,  and  it  is  supposed  that' 
he  has  been  killed  by  the  Indians. 

Dudley  O.  Wvdcn,  physician,  was  born  in  Belpre  tp.,  Washing- 
ton Co.,  O.,  Jan.  1,  1845;  his  parents  were  O.  P.  and  Eliza  A. 
(Null)  Wedge,  natives  of  the  same  county,  who  emigrated  to 
Henry  Co.,  111.,  in  1854,  where  they  now  reside.  The  doctor  was 
educated  at  the  Galva  (111.)  high  school,  commenced  medical  studies 
with  Dr.  Geo.  H.  Scott  at  Kewanee,  111.,  and  graduated  at  the  Jef- 
ferson Medical  College,  Philadelphia,  in  1874,  as  a  "regular" 
physician;  located  at  Bryant  in  1807,  where  he  is  still  practicing 
medicine.  He  marric^l  Florenci^  \j.  Herriot.  of  Bryant,  and  Charles 
A.,  Kthelyn  H.  and  Maury  E.  are  their  children. 

John  H.  Wcller,  son  of  Wm.  Weller,  is  a  cirpenter  by  trade,  but 
is  engaged  in  farming,  r  He  was  married  to  Martha  J.  Clark,  Sept. 
20,  ]857,  who  has  borne  him  4  children, — M'illiam  Carv,  born  Sept. 
10,  1858;  Elmer,  April  15.  18(jl  ;  Lillv,  Oct.  25,  18«i3,  and  Ella, 
July  0,  186(3. 

M'il/iani  Weller,  deceased,  Avas  born  in  Warren  Co.,  X.  J.,  in 
1810.  His  father  was  also  named  William.  Mr.  W.  came  to  this 
county  in  1854,  and  located  ou  a  fai-m  in  Canton  tj).  He  died  Sept. 
16,  1863.  His  wife,  Elizal>eth  I^ouir,  was  born  ]\Iarch  8,  1811. 
Thev  were  married  Julv  14,  1832.  ^Mrs.  W.  died  Mav  19,  1879. 
Thev  had  a  familv  of  !»  children  :  J.  K.,  born  Julv  6,  '33;  Marv 
M.,Fel).  19, '35;  Caroline,  Mav  29, '39  ;  Sarah.  Oct.' 18, '41  ;  Char- 
lotte A.,  March  16, '43;  Johile",  Aug.  4, '45;  Hiram  L.,  May  7,'47 ; 
Wm.  H.,  June  5, '49  ;  Emeline,  June  13,  '52,  and  Lewis  A.  R., 
April  7, '56, — all  of  whom  are  living  except  Caroline,  who  died 
Feb.  12,  1871.  She  was  the  wife  of  Samuel  Shriuer  who  was  kill- 
ed bv  accident  in  1872. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  503 

Tlieodore  0.  Whitenack  was  born  in  Canton,  111.,  in  1855.  His 
parents  were  Peter  and  Sarah  S.  (  Ehvood)  Whitenack,  both  natives 
of  Xew  York.  I'he  subjeet  of  this  sketch  married  J^avina,  young- 
est daughter  of  William  and  Nancy  j\I.  Hummel,  at  Bryant,  A})ril 
2,1876;  have  one  child,  Grace,  who  was  born  March  21,1878. 
Mr.  W.  was  elected  Police  Magistrate  in  April,  1870,  and  is  a  Repub- 
lican.    He  is  also  engaged  in  the  store  of  J.  H.  Kelly. 

Joseph  C.  W/iifna/i,  farmer,  sou  of  A.  J.  Whitnah,  of  Canton,  was 
born  Feb.  16, 1845,  at  the  old  homestead  in  l^uekhearttp.  (sees.  32  and 
33);  married  Sarah  A.  Jones,  daughter  of  S])akeman  Jones,  Jan. 
20,  18()6,  in  Lewistown  tji.  They  have  5  chihlren:  Freddie  and 
Dollie,  born  February  25,  1807;  Cordie  T.,  April  'J,  1871;  Harry, 
October  20,  1874;  and  Fenton,  August  15,  1876.  In  politics  Mr. 
W.  is  a  Democrat. 

Hiram  A.  W/iifiuih,  farmer,  son  of  A.  J.  AA'hitnah,  was  born  in 
Buckheart  tp.  in  1838,  married  Mary  E.  Snyder  in  1S51),  the  same 
year  he  purchased  the  S.  W.  I  of  sec.  34,  this  tp.  He  has  cleared 
up  130  acres,  fenced  it,  put  it  in  good  condition,  erected  good  build- 
ings, etc.;  dwelling  1|  stories,  16  by  -"U  ft.,  with  L  24  by  16,  and 
porch,  good  cellar,  etc.  They  have  2  children, — Chester  Leon  and 
Pearl  Arzena.  Mrs.  W.  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church,  and 
Mr.  \y.  is  Democratic  in  politics,  though  he  has  never  run  for  any 
office. 

Saninel  Wifcoxcn,  farmer,  son  of  next  mentioned,  was  born  Oeto- 
l)er  12,  1.S13,  in  Ash  or  Wilks  Co.,  X.  C,  and  January  6,  1841, 
married  Ijueinda  Carver,  a  native  of  Estill  Co.,  Ky.,  in  J5uckheart 
tp.  Their  children  are:  Ellen,  burn  December  31,  1842,  married 
Elijah  Johnson  and  lives  just  south  of  Canton;  Anna,  born  Feb- 
ruary 2,  1.S51,  married  Frank  Boner,  lived  on  sec.  11,  Buckheart 
tp.,  and  died  May  <S,  1871),  leaving  two  children,  Fred  and  Charles; 
and  George,  born  August  15,  1853.  Mr.  W.  has  992  acres  in  all. 
His  fine  residence  was  built  in  IX(')i).  He  has  used  very  little  liquor, 
tobacco  not  at  all,  and  is  a  Pepubliean. 

Squire  Wi/co.ren,  deceased,  married  Sarah  Tatuni  in  North  Caro- 
lina, moved  to  Estill  county,  Ky.,  about  1815,  and  in  1828  to  the 
old  Nathaniel  Vittuni  place  near  Canton ;  lived  7  years  on  sec.  2, 
Liverpool  tp.,  and  then  made  their  permanent  home  on  sec.  5,  Buck- 
heart  tp.  The  j-section  last  oceu])i<'(l  was  entered  for  him  by  his 
son  Samuel,  who  had  to  go  to  Missouri  to  get  good  money,  "wild- 
eat"  money  prevailing  here.  Squire  W.was  a  volunteer  in  the  war 
of  1812,  Captain  of  militia  in  North  Carolina,  was  a  Jackson  Dem- 
ocrat, and  an  old-fashioned  Baptist  ])reacher.  Was  a  cousin  to 
Daniel  Boone.  He  died  in  1837,  and  his  widow  in  18(55,  at  the  age 
of  83.  Their  children  were  9  in  nund)er, —  Elizabeth,  Martha, 
Sarah,  Anna,  Jordan,  Amy,  Samuel,  James  and  Ellen. 

John  B  Wi/son,  farmer,  sec.  2,  is  a  native  of  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa., 
where  he  was  born  in  1828.  His  parents  were  John  and  Margaret 
(MeLaiu)  Wilson,  the  former  a  native  of  Ireland,  the  latter  of  the 

31 


504  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Keystone  State.  His  father  canu'  to  Illinois  in  abont  1834  or  '35, 
and  (lied  before  John  B.  came.  He  came  to  Scott  Co.,  111.,  in  1841, 
and  to  this  county  in  '42,  and  located  near  Kllisville,  where  he  was 
married  Oct.  3,  1844,  to  Adeline  Athearn,  a  daughter  of  one  of  the 
old  settlers  of  Deerfield  tp.  Mr.  W.  was  engaged  in  cooperage  and 
farming  until  1846,  when  he  moved  to  his  present  location  one  mile 
south  of  Canton,  where  he  has  a  fine  farm.  He  has  been  a  member 
of  the  Baptist  Church  at  Canton  for  25  years,  and  Deacon  for  24 
years.  His  wife  has  borne  him  9  children,  8  of  whom  are  living: 
Mary  E.  married  James  Tallman  and  lives  in  Ohio  ;  AVm.  H.  lives 
in  Canton  tp.  Miranda  E.  and  Benjamin  live  in  Kokomo,  Ind. ; 
Sarah  J.,  Addie  G.,  Elmer  T.  and  John  M.  live  with  their  parents; 
Frank  was  killed  by  accident  at  the  age  of  14.  Esther  Mary  Wil- 
son, a  sister  of  J.  B.,  came  to  this  county  in  1835  and  married  Orrin 
Turner  and  died  Feb.  9,  1846,  leaving  2  children,  Mary  and  John, 
both  of  whom  were  raised  by  Mr.  W. 

Forbes  B.  Wood,  son  of  the  late  Thomas  Wood,  lives  on  sec.  12, 
and  is  engaged  in  agriculture.  He  married  ]\Iary  Ann  Rodenbaugh, 
a  native  of  New  Jersey,  in  1869.  They  have  a  family  of  3  children, 
— Bertha  L.,  Ida  B.,  and  Otis  R.  Mr.  W.  has  one  of  the  finest  im- 
proved farms  in  the  county. 

Thomas  Wood  was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  Ya.,  Dec.  18,  1805.  He 
married  Rachel  Flowers,  of  the  same  county,  Aug.  21,  1825.  She 
was  a  daughter  of  Geo.  Flowers,  and  he  a  son  of  Lambert  Flowers, 
who  came  from  Ireland  at  the  age  of  12  years.  Thomas  Wood's 
father  was  Benjamin,  a  son  of  John  Wood,  Avho  came  from  England. 
Thomas  Wood  and  wife  came  to  this  county  in  the  s])ring  before  the 
big  snow  (1830).  They  came  with  a  family  of  2  children,  Lavina  and 
Angelina:  the  others  were  born  here, — Aurelia,  George  S.,  Forbes, 
Rohanna,  Laura  Y.,  Casper,  Ellison  G.  and  Carroll  D.  Benjamin 
enlisted  in  Co.  E,  103d  Inf.,  and  after  serving  in  the  army  for  about 
a  vear  died  near  Yicksburjr,  Julv  9.  18(53.  Thomas  Wood  died  in 
Feb.,  1870.  Mrs.  W.  lives  at  the  old  homestead,  sec.  11.  Thomas 
Wood's  family  was  about  the  only  one  that  was  not  routed  at  the 
Westerfield's  defeat,  spoken  of  elsewhere  in  this  volume.  A  day  or 
two  after  that  event  a  number  of  persons  were  seen  approaching  the 
house.  They  were  su])poscd  to  be  Indians  and  caused  consterna- 
tion among  the  family.  The  women  and  children  were  hurriedly 
sent  to  the  upper  part  of  the  cabin,  while  the  men  remained  below. 
They  knocked  a  part  of  a  log  out  of  a  corner  of  the  house,  to  shoot 
through  at  the  approaching  enemy.  Mr.  Wood,  Mr.  Flowers,  his 
wife's  father  and  two  other  men  went  out  to  meet  them  as  they  came 
up.  The  supposed  Indians  proved  to  be  several  fiimilies  of  settlers 
who  were  stampeded  by  the  great  fright  of  the  supj)osed  Indian 
slausrhter  jr<^in<j:  on  north  of  Canton.  Thev  were  on  their  wav  to 
Canton.  Mr.  Wood  and  family  went  with  them  to  Canton,  where 
they  remained  two  hours  and  returned  home. 

Thomas     Woodcocfc    was    born    near   Belviar    Castle,    Town    of 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  505 

Strathorn,  Leicestershire,  Eno;.,  Jan  4,  1822.  His  parents  were 
Thomas  and  Elizabeth  (ITornbuekle)  AVoodeook,  of  the  same  place. 
Our  subject  first  came  to  the  United  States  in  1845  and  located  in 
Ross  Co.,  O.,  and  came  to  this  county  in  1849,  locating  in  Canton. 
He  was  married  to  Elizabeth  Oglesby,  who  was  born  in  Enoland  in 
1834,  and  is  a  dauo-htcr  of  Win.  and  Elizabeth  (Green)  Oolesby. 
They  were  married  Aug-.  ID,  18(J0,  at  D.  W.  Vittum's,  in  Canton. 
They  have  7  children,— Thomas,  born  Dec.  13.  '(31 ;  Edward,  Oct.  3, 
'63 ;  Emma  Jane,  Oct.  1,  '(]');  Isaac,  March  31,  '67;  Sarah  Ann, 
April  15,  '69;  Richard,  Aug.  28,  71,  and  Charles,  born  Oct.  8,  '75. 
In  1860  Mr.  \V.  began  farming  on  sec.  3,  Buckheart,  and  in  1865 
bought  a  farm  on  sec.  26,  where  he  now  lives. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 

Below  may  be  found  a  schedule  of  the  township  officials  serving 
since  the  organization  of  the  township,  together  with  the  years  of 


serving 


SUPERVISORS. 


A.  G.  Downing 1850  Howard  Martin ISHB 

Horatio  r.  Nelson 1851  Michael  C.  Stoner 1S()7 

John  H.  Kellv 1852-53  A.  B.  Hulet 18(58-69 

H.  ('.Nelson.*. 1854  T.  J.  Kellv  1870 

John  H.  Kellv 1855-5(5  Edwanl  Mavnanl 1871 

Milton  Shrvock 1857  D.  O.  Wedge 1872 

John  H.  Kellv  1858  Edward  A.  Mavnard 1873 

Jeffrv  A.  Mavnard 1859  Wm.  G   Kirkpatrick 1S74 

John  Kellv..." 18(i0  D.  O.  We<lge 1875 

Cvrns  Bal/cock 18()l-63  A.  B.  Hulet 1876-77 

Hnratio  ('.Nelson 1804  Matthias  W.  Baker 1878 

Milton  Shryock 1865  Thomas  J.  Kelly  1879 

TOWN    CI.EKKS. 

Jetfrev  A.  >[avnard 1850-54  John  G.  Tatum 1872 

Chauncey  Wei)ster 1855-G4  John  A.  Newton 1873 

Sam.  A.  Kellv 1865-67  Eugene  Smith 1874 

Sam.  ('.   Hasson 1868  F.  M.  Fonts 1875-76 

Edward  Mavnanl 1809-70  J.  H.  Kirkpatrick 1877-79 

Wm.  D.  Nelson 1871 

.\SSESSORS. 

Howard  Martin 1859-73  Howard  Martin 1877 

S.  A.  Cunningham 1874-75  Joseph  Baker 1878 

Wm.  Herriot  1876  George  N.  Shelenberger 1879 

COLLECTORS. 

Philip  Slaughter 1859-60  F.  M.  Kimberlin 1871 

John  Fisher 1861  Jonas  N  Weaver 1871 

David  G.  Fisher 1862  Nathan  T.  Reeves 1872 

Chauncey  Wehster 1863  Henry  E.  McCuUoch 1873 

George  J.  Luckev 18(i4  George  Luckey 1874 

George  T.  Balyor 1805  J.  P.  Liseni)v 1875 

Howard  B.  Spenny 1866  Berlin  Johnson 1876 

Alfred  Putman...'- 1867  Abram  Johnson 1877 

George  Rilev 1868  John  W.  Carev 1878 

Henry  Walker 1869  Levi  Carper 1879 

Jacob  Fouts 1870 


BERXADOTTE  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  is  boimded  ujion  the  north  by  Cass,  upon  the  cast 
by  Lowistown,  south  by  Pleasant  and  upon  the  west  by  Farmer's. 
It  is  a  timbered  township  and  contains  a  greater  number  of  miles  of 
Spoon  river  than  any  otlier  township  in  the  county.  There  is, 
liowever,  much  good  land  in  the  township  and  many  fine  fiirms. 
William  Walters  came  into  the  township  about  1826,  being  its  first 
settler.  In  a  short  time  he  sold  out  to  Isaac  Stewart  and  moved 
over  into  Farmer's  township,  where  he  passed  the  remainder  of  his 
days.  Soon  came  in  Daniel  Walters,  who  settled  upon  section  15. 
Then  came  Solomon  Sherwood,  who  built  the  first  mill  in  the  town- 
ship. This  was  a  horse-mill  and  did  grinding  for  the  settlers  for 
many  miles  around,  until  Joseph  Coleman  built  his  water-mill  on 
Spoon  river,  at  the  site  of  the  present  town  of  Bernadotte.  John 
Camron  built  a  grist  and  saw-mill  upon  the  same  river  in  1831. 
These  improvements  brought  settlers  from  adjoining  counties,  and 
many  are  the  incidents  connected  with  their  trips  to  these  mills,  re- 
lated by  the  pioneers.  They  would  come  for  many  miles,  and  often 
upon  their  arrival  would  find  many  ahead  of  them,  and  they  would 
have  to  wait  sometimes  fi)r  days  before  their  turn  came.  Sometimes 
they  would  find  the  mill  out  of  rejiair,  the  dam  washed  away  or 
something  to  detain  them.  They  would  then  go  to  work  and  help 
rebuild  the  dam  or  do  whatever  the  miller  would  direct.  Men  have 
told  us  that  they  have  gone  t(»  the  Bernadotte  mill  with  a  load  of  grist 
and  have  worked  at  hard  labor  fi)r  almost  a  week  before  they  could 
get  their  grain  ground.  They  would  work  late  and  early  as  though 
they  were  regularly  employed  and  paid  hands. 

Thus  was  this  point  on  Spoon  river  visited  by  many  people, 
until  Mr.  Coleman's  enterprise  suggested  to  him  the  feasibility  of 
laying  otfatown.  Accordingly  in  1835,  upon  section  19,  he  platted 
a  town  and  called  it  by  the  name  of  Fulton.  The  name  was  soon 
changed  to  Bernadotte.  It  grew  rapidly  and  at  one  time  ranked 
among  the  leading  towns  of  the  county.  It  failed  to  secure  a  rail- 
road, and  when  one  was  con^Jtructed  within  a  few  miles  of  it  the  in- 
evitable result  (juickly  followed,  and  Bernadotte  surrendered  her 
prosperty  to  other  places.  There  are  now  several  stores  here  that  do 
a  fair  business,  a  good  mill,  etc.  Other  settlers  who  came  during 
an  early  day  were  Charles  Howard,  William  Crosby,  John  Harris, 
who  afterwards  moved  to  Harris  township,  John  Littlejohn,  Wil- 
liam Wilson,  Anderson   Beadles,  Mr.  Toler  and  others.     The   first 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  507 

school-house  "was  erected  in  1828  and  John   Clayburg  was  the  first 
teacher.     As  early  as  1827  the  Methodists  organized  a  Church. 

We  find  personal  sketches  of  those  who  have  made  the  history  of 
the  town  and   township  and   are  to-day   thus  engaged,  to  be  quite 
interesting  and  fully  as  good  history  as  we  can  give.     We  will  there- 
fore speak  briefly  of  some  of  the  old   settlers  and  prominent  persons 
of  the  township : 

John  J.  Baldwin,  farmer,  sec.  33,  P.  O.,  Ipava;  the  son  of  Jackson 
and  Margaret  (Hawkins)  Baldwin,  was  born  in  Tazewell  Co.,  111., 
Oct.  28,  1848  ;  moved  to  this  county  in  1871) ;  married  Feb,  12,  1877, 
Marv  J.  Duncan,  of  Fulton  Co.  This  union  has  been  blessed  with 
one  child,  Gertrude.  Mr.  Baldwin  is  one  of  the  leading  farmers  of 
the   township,  having   160   acres   of  land. 

/.  C.  Bdrkleij  is  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  upon  sec.  3  of  this 
township. 

John  W,  Barnes,  farmer,  sec.  28;  P.  ().,  Ipava;  was  born  in 
Adams  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  16,  1828  ;  is  the  son  of  Luther  Barnes,  who  was 
born  in  Va.,  where  he  married  Nancy  Wear.  Both  of  the  latter  are 
dead.  John  W.  came  to  this  Co.  with  his  parents  in  183"),  in  a  three- 
horse  Penn.  wagon,  was  educated  at  Lewistown,  and  has  held  the 
offices  of  Supervisor  and  Assessor.  Was  married  to  Elvira  Zole- 
man,  March  24,  18()(),  which  uniou  was  blessed  with  two  children, — 
Lida  B.  and  John  R.  Mrs.  B.  died,  and  Mr.  B.  in  Se])t.,  187S,  mar- 
ried Miss  Alice  Mercer,  of  Ohio,  both  of  whom  are  now  members 
of  the  M.  E.  Church.     Owns  300  acres  of  land.     Democrat. 

William  Beckett,  farmer,  sec.  11,  Bernadotte  township;  P.  O., 
Lewistown;  the  son  of  Wm.  and  Delilah  (May)  Beckett,  was  born 
in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.,  March  12,  1837;  father  dead;  mother  still 
living  in  Ky. ;  Wm.  came  to  this  county  in  1860  and  has  made 
this  township  his  home  for  the  ])ast  six  years.  Was  married  to 
Miss  Sarah  E.  Kent  Jan  lo,  18()2.  They  have  seven  children,  all 
of  whom  arc  livin<i;, — Miry,  Marzetti,  Jcdediah,  William,  Flla, 
Minta  and  Cora.  Parents  are  members  of  the  U.  B.  Church.  Demo- 
crat. 

John  Cannon,  farmer,  sec.  4 ;  P.  O.,  Smithfield ;  one  of  the 
old  pioneers  of  this  county,  was  l)orn  in  Sangamon  Co.  March  31, 
1824,  and  with  his  ])arents  came  to  Fulton  county  when  only  six 
weeks  old,  which  j)lace  he  has  ever  since  made  his  home.  July  4, 
1846,  he  joined  the  4th  111.  Vols.,  Co.  K,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
battles  of  Vera  Cruz,  Cerro  (irordo,  and  most  of  the  other  im])ortant 
battles  of  the  Mexican  war,  being  wounded  at  the  last  named  place. 
He  well  remembers  Gen.  Stonewall  Jackson  and  Jeff.  Davis.  He 
helped  fire  the  first  gun  at  Vera  Cruz.  Was  mustered  out  at  New 
Orleans  June,  1847.  Married  Miss  Jane  Sherwood  Dec.  15,  1847; 
three  of  the  five  children  born  to  this  union  are  now  living,  viz: 
Telitha,  Amanda  and  Charles.  Has  been  Constable  and  is  now 
Justice  of  the  Peace.  Has  fought  his  way  to  a  good  farm  and  com- 
fortable home.     When  a  boy  he  knew  no  other  playmates  than  the 


BERNADOTTE  TOWNSHIP. 

» 

This  township  is  bounded  upon  the  north  by  Cass,  upon  the  cast 
by  LewistoNvn,  south  by  Pleasant  and  upon  the  west  by  Farmer's. 
It  is  a  timbered  township  and  contains  a  greater  number  of  miles  of 
Spoon  river  than  any  other  townshij)  in  the  county.  There  is, 
however,  much  good  land  in  the  township  and  many  fine  forms. 
William  Walters  came  into  the  township  about  182(3,  being  its  first 
settler.  In  a  short  time  he  sold  out  to  Isaac  Stewart  and  moved 
over  into  Farmer's  township,  where  he  passed  the  remainder  of  his 
days.  Soon  came  in  Daniel  Walters,  who  settled  upon  section  lo. 
Then  came  Solomon  Sherwood,  who  built  the  first  mill  in  the  town- 
ship. This  was  a  horse-mill  and  did  grinding  for  the  settlers  for 
many  miles  around,  until  Joseph  Coleman  built  his  water-mill  on 
Spoon  river,  at  the  site  of  the  present  town  of  Bernadotte.  John 
Camron  built  a  grist  and  saw-mill  upon  the  same  river  in  LS31. 
These  improvements  brought  settlers  from  adjoining  counties,  and 
many  are  the  incidents  connected  with  their  tri])s  to  these  mills,  re- 
lated by  the  pioneers.  They  would  come  for  many  miles,  and  often 
upon  their  arrival  would  find  many  ahead  of  them,  and  they  would 
have  to  wait  sf>metimes  for  days  before  their  turn  came.  Sometimes 
they  would  find  the  mill  out  of  repair,  the  dam  washed  away  or 
something  to  detain  them.  They  would  then  go  to  work  and  help 
rebuild  the  dam  or  do  whatever  the  miller  would  direct.  Men  have 
told  us  that  they  have  gone  t(»  the  Bernadotte  mill  with  a  load  of  grist 
and  have  worked  at  hard  labor  for  almost  a  week  before  they  could 
get  their  grain  ground.  They  would  work  late  and  early  as  though 
they  were  regularly  employed  and  j)aid  hands. 

Thus  was  this  point  on  Spoon  river  visited  by  many  people, 
until  Mr.  Coleman's  enterprise  suggested  to  him  the  feasiliility  of 
laying  off  a  town.  Accordingly  in  1835,  upon  section  19,  he  plaited 
a  town  and  called  it  by  the  name  of  Fulton.  The  name  was  soon 
changed  to  Bernadotte.  It  grew  rajiidly  and  at  one  time  ranked 
among  the  leading  towns  of  the  county.  It  failed  to  secure  a  rail- 
road, and  when  one  was  constructed  within  a  few  miles  of  it  the  in- 
evitable result  cpiiekly  followed,  and  Bernadotte  surrendered  her 
prosperty  to  other  places.  There  are  now  several  .stores  here  that  do 
a  fair  business,  a  good  mill,  etc.  Other  settlers  who  came  during 
an  early  day  were  Charles  Howard,  William  Crosby,  John  Harris, 
who  afterwards  moved  to  Harris  township,  John  Littlejohn,  Wil- 
liam Wilson,  Anderson  Beadles,  Mr.  Toler  and  others.     The   first 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  507 

school-house  was  erected  in  1828  and  John   Clayburg  was  the  first 
teacher.     As  early  as  1827  the  Methodists  organized  a  Church. 

We  find  personal  sketches  of  those  who  have  made  the  history  of 
the  town  and   township  and   are  to-day   thus  engaged,  to  be  quite 
interesting  and  fully  as  good  history  as  we  can  give.     We  will  there- 
fore speak  briefly  of  sonic  of  the  old   settlers  and  prominent  persons 
of  the  township : 

John  J.  Baldwin,  farmer,  sec.  33,  P.  O.,  Ipava  ;  the  son  of  Jackson 
and  Margaret  (Hawkins)  Baldwin,  was  born  in  Tazewell  Co.,  111., 
Oct.  28,  1848  ;  moved  to  this  county  in  187() ;  married  Feb,  12,  1877, 
Mary  J.  Duncan,  of  Fulton  Co.  This  union  has  been  blessed  with 
one  child,  Gertrude.  Mr.  Baldwin  is  one  of  the  leading  farmers  of 
the   township,   having    160   acres   of  land. 

/.  C.  Bdrkleij  is  engaged  in  agricultural  jmrsuits  upon  sec.  3  of  this 
township. 

John  W,  Barnes,  farmer,  sec.  28;  P.  O.,  Ipava;  was  born  in 
Adams  Co.,  ().,  Jan.  16,  1828  ;  is  the  son  of  Luther  Barnes,  who  was 
born  in  Va.,  where  he  mtirried  Nancy  Wear.  Both  of  the  latter  are 
dead.  John  W.  came  to  this  Co.  with  his  parents  in  183"),  in  a  three- 
horse  Penn.  wagon,  was  educated  at  Lewistown,  and  has  held  the 
offices  of  Supervisor  and  Assessor.  Was  married  to  Elvira  Zole- 
man,  March  24,  186(5,  which  union  was  blessed  with  two  children, — 
Lida  B.  and  John  R.  Mrs.  B.  died,  and  Mr.  B.  in  Sci)t.,  1878,  mar- 
ried Miss  xVlice  Mercer,  of  Ohio,  both  of  whom  are  now  members 
of  the  M.  E.  Church.     Owns  300  acres  of  land.     Democrat. 

Willidiii  Bcchett,  farmer,  sec.  11,  Bernadotte  township;  P.  O., 
Lewistown;  the  son  of  Wm.  and  Delilah  (May)  Beckett,  was  born 
in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.,  March  12,  1837;  father  dead;  mother  still 
livint;  in  Kv. ;  Wm.  came  to  this  countv  in  1860  and  has  made 
this  township  his  home  for  the  ])ast  six  years.  Was  nuirried  to 
Miss  Sarah  E.  Kent  Jan  lo,  1862.  They  have  seven  children,  all 
of  whom  arc  livinfj:, — Mary,  Marzetti,  Jcdediah,  William,  Ella, 
Minta  and  Cora.  I'arents  are  members  of  the  U.  B.  Church.  Demo- 
crat. 

John  Cannon,  farmer,  sec.  4 ;  P.  O.,  Smithfield ;  one  of  the 
old  ])i()neers  of  this  county,  was  l)orn  in  Sangamon  Co.  March  31, 
1824,  and  with  his  parents  came  to  Fulton  county  when  only  six 
weeks  old,  whi(!h  place  he  has  ever  since  made  his  honu\  July  4, 
1846,  he  joined  the  4th  111.  Vols.,  Co.  K,  and  was  engaged  in  the 
battles  of  Vera  Cruz,  Cerro  Gordo,  and  most  of  the  other  imjxirtant 
battles  of  the  Mexican  war,  being  wounded  at  the  last  luimed  place. 
He  well  remembers  Gen.  Stonewall  Jackson  and  Jeff.  Davis.  He 
helped  fire  the  first  gun  at  Vera  Cruz.  Was  mustered  out  at  New 
Orleans  June,  1847.  Married  Miss  Jane  Sherwood  Dec.  15,  1847; 
three  of  the  five  children  l)orn  to  this  union  are  now  living,  viz: 
Telitha,  Amanda  and  Charles.  Has  been  Constable  and  is  now 
Justice  of  the  Peace.  Has  fought  his  way  to  a  good  farm  and  com- 
fortable home.     When  a  boy  he   knew  no  other  playmates  than  the 


508  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Indians,  with  whom  he  roamed  over  the  fields  that  are  now  covered 
with  p-ain.     Democrat. 

William  B.  Cannon,  sec.  14;  Bernadotte  tp. ;  P.O.,  Ijcwistowii  ; 
was  born  in  Cass  tp.,  March  12,  1834;  removed  to  Cok)rad()  in 
1858;  in  18G4  he  came  back,  bnt  returned  to  Colorado  and  after 
one  year's  stay  found  his  way  to  Fulton  county.  Has  held  office 
of  School  Trustee  in  this  township.  Was  married  at  Bernadotte 
Aug.  12,  1863,  to  Miss  Lucretia  Steward.  This  union  has  been 
blessed  with  two  cliildren  (twins),  Edwin  and  Oscar.  Mrs.  C.  is  a 
member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  But  few  men  of  the  township  have 
seen  as  much  of  the  world  as  Mr.  C,  and  but  few  of  his  age  can  be 
found  here  that  were  born  in  this  county.     Democrat. 

Jo.sJnia  Crater,  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  Bernadotte ;  the  son  of 
Piiilip  and  Elizabeth  Crater  (both  of  whom  died  in  this  county), 
was  born  in  Chester  county,  Penn.,  May  6,  1818,  from  which  ]ilace 
he  removed  to  Mason  Co.,  111. ;  from  there  to  this  county  in  1851 ; 
was  educated  in  Penn.  and  married  Catherine  Knerr,  of  that  State 
in  1840;  nine  children  have  been  born  to  this  union,  eigiit  of  whom 
are  livins:.  jSIr.  C.  and  wnfe  are  members  of  the  Lutheran  Church. 
He  is  a  blacksmith  by  trade,  but  of  late  has  turned  his  attention 
very  successfully  to  farming.     Republican. 

Joseph  De  Ford,  farmer,  sec.  14;  P.  O.,  Lewistown  ;  was  born  in 
Ohio  July  19,  1827  ;  his  father  (Thomas)  was  a  native  of  Maryland; 
came  with  his  parents  to  this  county  in  1838.  His  father  still  lives 
in  Bushnell.  Has  held  the  office  of  Road  Commissioner  in  this 
township.  Was  married  to  ]\riss  Eliza  Rouse  A]iril  9,  1849.  This 
union  has  been  blessed  with  three  children,  all  of  whom  are  living; 
their  names  are  Milton  J.,  Louisa  A.  and  Anna  L.  Mr.  De  Ford 
and  lady  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church.     Democrat. 

George  W.  Dieh,  son  of  Jacob  Dick,  of  Bernadotte  township,  was 
born  June  22,  1859,  in  this  Co.  Our  subject  is  prei>aring  to  enter 
the  ])rofession  of  teaching;  with  his  intellect  and  aptness,  we  pre- 
dict for  him  a  brilliant  future.  His  parents  are  natives  of  Ohio, 
who  came  to  this  county  about  the  year  1850,  and  belong  to  the  best 
society  of  the  community  in  which  they  live.  ]Mr.  Jacob  Dick  has 
been  a  local  ])reacher  in  the  M.  E.  Church  for  about  20  years.  P. 
().,  SmithHeld. 

Henry  Donelmn,  deceased,  was  born  near  Londonderry,  Ireland, 
in  1812,  son  of  Moses  and  Susan  D.,  also  natives  of  Ireland  ;  learned 
the  tailor's  trade;  landed  in  Philad(4)ihia  June  12,  1830;  married 
Ann  E.  Atkinson  in  1842,  in  l*liiladeli)hia;  had  8  children,  7  of 
whom  are  living,  Anna  A.  having  died  Jan.,  1848,  Presbyterian. 
Ivepul)lican.  Mr.  D.  died  in  this  county  at  the  age  of  71  years, 
leaving  to  his  family  an  estate  of  225  acres  of  land,  (^i  sec.  30,  this 
tj).,  where  the  widow  and  four  children  make  their  home.  This 
family  deserve  special  notice  for  their  industrious  habits  by  which 
they  have  made  for  themselves  a  comfortable  home.  P.  O.,  Berna- 
dotte. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  509 

Louis  Dorseif,  farmer,  sec.  31  ;  P.  O.,  Ipava ;  was  born  June  18th, 
1799,  in  Baltimore,  McL,  was  the  son  of  Nicholas  Dorsey ;  removed 
to  Brooke  Co.,  W.  Va.,  in  1829;  in  1854  he  came  to  this  tp.,  where 
he  still  resides;  was  married  in  Washington  Co.,  Penn.,  to  Abbar- 
illa  Lindsey  in  1834,  who  was  born  in  Baltimore,  Jan.  18,  1813. 
Siven  children  were  the  fruits  of  this  marriage,  the  youngest  of 
whom,  Emma  v.,  lives  witii  her  parents  at  the  old  homestead.  Mr. 
D.  has  been  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church  and  is  a  Democrat. 

Frank  M.  Di/ckes,  farmer,  sec.  29 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava ;  was  born  in 
Lewistown,  March  27,  1848,  the  son  of  Joseph  and  Luciuda 
Dyckes,  who  still  reside  in  Lewistown.  Mr.  D.,  who  has  resided  in 
Fulton  county  all  his  life,  wrs  educated  at  Lewistown  and  the 
Wesleyan  University  at  Bloomington,  111.  After  leaving  college  he 
became  Deputy  Circuit  Clerk  of  this  county,  which  office  he  filled 
with  honor  for  six  years,  at  the  expiration  of  which  he  turned  his 
attention  to  farming-,  on  the  fine  farm  of  480  acres  owned  by  him- 
self  and  his  brother  William,  of  Lewistown,  one  of  the  best  of  the 
county.     Democrat. 

Albert  N.  Dobbins,  firmer,  sec.  32 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava ;  is  the  son  of 
John  C.  and  Harriette  Dobbins,  who  came  to  this  county  over  40 
years  ago.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Vermont,  Nov. 
22,  184(3,  where  he  remained  till  1875,  when  he  removed  to  thistp. ; 
was  married  in  Ipava  in  1871,  to  Julia  Pickering,  who  was  born  in 
Ohio  in  1847.  This  union  has  been  blessed  with  2  children,  John 
and  Sherman,  both  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  Dobbins  is  one  of  the 
first  farmers  and  stock  dealers  in  this  county,  owning  a  fine  farm  of 
324  acres  of  rich  prairie  land.  Both  he  and  his  wife  are  members 
of  the  Presbyterian  Ciiurch.      Reptd)lican. 

Ira  F.  El  rod,  farmer,  sec.  28;  P.  ().,  Ipava;  the  son  of  INtichael 
Elrod,  of  Kentucky,  and  Ruth  (Evans),  both  of  whom  died  in 
Kentucky,  was  born  Feb.  22,  1820;  went  to  Adams  Co.,  Ohio,  in 
1831,  where  he  remained  till  July  4,  1^37,  when  he  removed  to  this 
county,  where  he  has  remained  ever  since;  was  educated  in  Ohio 
and  Kentucky ;  has  held  the  office  of  Supervisor  for  five  terms 
consecutively ;  was  married  to  Elizabeth  Vail,  of  Butler  Co.,  Ohio, 
in  Bernadotte  tp.  Mr.  E.  has  raised  several  children  for  others,  by 
which  he  has  justly  gained  a  re])utation  for  jihilanthropy.  His 
grandfather  was  the  first  white  child  born  west  of  the  Alleghany 
Mountains.  He  is  a  pioneer,  and  by  toil  and  patience  he  has  con- 
verted 320  acres  of  wild  land  into  a  beautiful  farm.  There  are  now 
but  two  voters  in  his  townsliij)  who  were  voters  when  Mr.  E.  first 
located  here.     He  is  a  Democrat. 

John  Green  was  born  in  Fulton  county.  111.,  Aug.  27,  1840;  was 
the  son  of  Jacob  and  Mary  (Chicken)  Green;  was  educated  in  this 
county,  and  married  Paulina  Anderson,  March  5,  1865;  has  three 
children, — Rachel,  !Mary  and  Robert.  Resides  sec.  7.  Republi- 
can.    P.  O.,  Bernadotte. 

George  B.  31.  Hamm,  sec.  20 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava ;  was  born  in  York 


512  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

E.  Scovil  Jan.  1,  1851,  after  whose  death  he  married  Mrs.  Emma 
J.  Griffith  April  1860,  by  which  union  four  children  have  been 
born,  all  of  whom  are  living, — Charles  H.,  Sidney  R.,  Eva  C.  and 
Lewis.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Paul  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 
Greenbaeker. 

Henry  Polhemus,  farmer,  sec.  30  j  P.  O,,  Ipava ;  was  born  in  Fair- 
view,  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  in  1849.  His  father,  Garrett  Y.,  who  mar- 
ried Jane  BrokaM',  of  New  Jersey,  came  to  this  county  among  the 
early  pioneers.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  raised  at  Fairview, 
from  which  place  he  removed  to  this  tp.  in  1876;  was  married  to 
Miss  Kate  Stines  June  29,  1875.  Mrs.  P.  is  a  native  of  New 
Jersey,  born  in  1855.  This  union  has  been  blessed  with  two  chil- 
dren, Mnferd  and  Georgianna.     Generally  Republican. 

Jesse  R.  Shipton,  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  ().,  Bernadotte  ;  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania  Nov.  11,  1828;  removed  to  Indiana,  where  he  re- 
mained till  185G,  then  removing  to  Bernadotte  tp.,  this  county; 
married  Elizabeth  Rothrock  Nov.  3,1856.  Mr.  S.  has  held  the 
offices  of  Assessor,  Town  Clerk  and  Justice  of  the  Peace;  the  latter 
office  he  still  occupies.  Although  not  among  the  old  pioneers  of 
this  county,  his  official  record  shows  that  he  is  one  of  the  promi- 
nent men  of  his  township,  one  that  has  been  tried  and  not  found 
wanting  in  honesty,  integrity  and  ability.     Democrat. 

Joseph  Sinif/i,  M.  D.,  sec.  35,  Bernadotte  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Duncan's 
^lills  ;  was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  Ohio,  Nov.  3, 1831 ;  in  1851  he  set- 
tled in  McDonough  Co.,  and  removed  to  this  county  where  he  has 
since  resided;  was  educated  at  Cincinnati  and  Barnesville,  Ohio; 
nuirried  July  18th,  1852,  to  Miss  Mary  A.  Brown,  of  Ohio:  of  their 
nine  children  six  are  living.  Both  the  Doctor  and  his  lady  are 
members  of  the  Christian  Church.     Republican. 

WiUlnin  Sinif/i,  farmer,  sec.  34;  P.  ().,  Ipava;  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvania March  (5,  1827,  from  which  ])lace  he  moved  to  Ohio  in  1829, 
where  he  remained  till  1848,  when  he  came  to  this  State.  Here  his 
mother  died  and  he  returned  to  Ohio,  but  came  back  to  this  State 
soon  after  and  settled  in  this  county.  He  was  married  to  Miss  Hes- 
ter E.  Hopkins  in  1860,  in  Astoria  tp.,  and  nine  children  have  been 
born  to  this  union,  seven  of  whom  are  living.  Has  an  80-acre  farm. 
Though  belonging  to  no  church  ]Mr.  S.  is  a  professor  of  religion, 
while  his  wife  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.     Greenbaeker. 

James  A.  Sjjerri/,  farmer  and  fruit-grower,  sec.  20;  P.  C,  Berna- 
dotte; born  in  IV'rnadotte  tp.  in  1844,  son  of  S.  A.  Sperry,  who  with 
wife  now  resides  in  I])ava,  111. ;  held  the  office  of  Postmaster  at  Ber- 
nadotte; was  married  at  that  place  in  Nov.,  1870,  to  Miss  Alice 
Wood  ;  this  union  has  been  blessed  with  3  children, — Harry,  Roy  and 
Mabel,  all  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  Sperry  has  lived  in  this  connty 
all  his  life,  and  by  perseverance  has  establisiied  himself  as  one  of  the 
tir-;t  fruit-growers  and  farmers  in  this  section,  having  160  acres  of 
land  on  which  he  has  his  nursery.     J^epublican. 

Wm.  S.  Strode,  teacher,  Bernadotte,  should  be  mentioned  among 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  513 

the  public  educators  of  the  county.  He  was  born  in  Fulton  coun- 
ty Dec.  8,  1847.  His  flitlier,  Thos.  Strode,  is  among-  the  earliest 
settlers  of  the  country.  Mr.  S.  was  educated  at  Abingdon  and  the 
Commercial  College  at  Quincy,  111. ;  enlisted  in  Co.  G,  50th  111. 
Vol.,  Feb.,  18G4;  was  mustered  out  July  3,  1865;  was  married 
Dec.  25,  1870,  to  Miss  Amelia  Steele,  at  Astoria,  a  native  of  Ohio, 
and  they  have  had  three  children,  viz:  Minefred,  Muriel  and 
AValter.  Mr.  S.  has  taught  school  12  years,  one  year  and  a  half  in 
Quincy,  the  rest  of  the  time  in  this  county.  Also  a  good  teacher  of 
penmanship.      Republican. 

ThoK.  If.  Wdltcri^,  farmer ;  P.  ().,  Ipava ;  son  of  the  old  pioneer, 
Daniel  Walters;  was  born  in  Alabama  Jan.  6,  1847;  came  with  his 
parents  to  this  county  in  1849;  has  been  elected  Constable,  but 
would  not  serve  ;  was  therefore  fined  $5  for  not  obeying  the  com- 
mands of  the  people.  Was  married  Aug.,  1852,  to  Miss  Phoebe 
Litchfield,  of  Ohio,  and  this  union  has  been  blessed  with 
three  children,  two  of  whom  are  living,^^Henry  and  Genevra. 
Owns  about  300  acres  of  fine  land.     Democrat. 

Mi/ro)}  Wheeler  was  born  Aj)ril  18.  1841,  in  this  county;  mar- 
ried Maivh  13,  1872,  Amanda  Andrews,  and  they  have  had  two 
children.  He  is  a  very  successful  farmer  of  80  acres  of  land  on 
sec.  7,  Bernadotte  tp.     Republican. 

H.  Yonkem,  farmer,  sec.  0 ;  P.  O.,  Bernadotte.  Came  from 
Madison  Co.,  111. 

Jamefi  Camron,  sec.  19.  This  man  was  an  early  settler  here,  and 
assisted  in  building  the  l)lock  house  on  Tatten's  prairie;  a  soldier 
in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  engaged  in  many  exciting  hunts  after  wild 
hog-; ;  helped  saw  the  boards  for  the  first  tan-yard  in  Lewistown  ;  built 
the  fourth  house  west  of  Lewistown,  where  Smithfield  now  stands, 
and  on  the  same  i  sec.  that  Wm.  Camron  now  owns.  His  father, 
Thomas  Camron,  was  a  native  of  Ireland  ;  came  to  Georgia  when  a 
small  boy;  then  to  Kentucky,  White  Co.,  111.,  SangauH»n  Co.,  111., 
and  this  county.  He  died  at  the  age  of  80  vears.  Mr.  James  Cam- 
ron,  the  subject  of  this  biography,  was  born  in  Henderson  Co.,  Ky., 
Feb.  14,  1807;  had  no  schooling,  but  by  hard  work  has  obtained  a 
farm  of  357  acres,  besides  some  town  property  in  Table  Grove;  has 
been  twice  married,  and  has  11  children,  of  whom  8  are  living, 
namely,  Thomas  ().,  Senreua  B.,  Nancy  E,,  Caroline,  Rebecca  A., 
James,  Elizabeth  and  John.  His  first  marriage  was  in  March, 
1828,  to  Elizabeth  Herell,  a  native  of  Kentucky ;  his  second  was  in 
1874,  to  Matilda  Ellis,  a  widow. 

;•  TOWNSHIP  OFFICIALS. 

Below  may  be  found  a  schedule  of  the  township  officials  serving 
since  the  organization  of  the  township,  together  with  the  years  of 
serving : 


514 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


SCPERVISORS. 


Jesse  Smith 1850-51 

Tera  Jones 185l'-53 

John  M.  Lejvis 1854 

Lyman  Moon 1855 

Jos(-j»h  Dyckes 185G 

John  M.  Lewis 1857 

Jos.'i.h  Dvckts 1858-60 

Philip  Medley 1861-02 

H.  McChaughev 1862 


J.  W.  Barnes 1863 

Philip  Medley 1864 

H.  M<(hau<.'hey 1865-68 

Wni.  M.   Hunter 1869 

Eli    Moorhouse 1870 

Adrian  E.  Lane 1871-73 

Lyman  Moon 1874 

Im  F.  i:irod 187.3-79 


TOWN    CLERKS. 


Harrison  MeC'haughev 1860-64 

Dayid  Deobler ." 1866 

Wm.  M.Canie 1868 

T  B.  Welistrr 1869 

Thomas  \Voo<l 1870 

AVni.  M.  Hunter 1871 

J.  H    Wood 1872 


Thomas  Plumb 1873 

J.  K.  Shipton 1874 

I.  M.  Hughes 1875    - 

AV.  F.Sharp 1876 

John  Jay 1877 

John    MeChaujrhey 1878-79 


ASSESSORS. 


John  Barnes 1860-61 

Philip   Medley 1866 

Simon  P.  Snider 1868 

E.  D.  Tuthill 1869 

Jacob  Hecord 1870 

Thomas  J.  Sharp 1871 


E.  D.  Tuthill 1872-73 

A.  B.  Hickard 1874-76 

F.  M.  Sally  1877 

J.  L'.  Moorhead 1878 

Clark  Moorhead 1879 


COLLECTORS. 


Augustus  Stewart 1860 

Wm.  Wheeling 1861 

A.  J.    Hummel 1862 

John  Harriford 1863-69 

Rol)ert  Sorrel 1870 

F.  B.  Wfb.ster 1870 

John  Harriford 1871 


G.  P.  Stewart 1872-73 

C.  E.  Overton 1874 

J.  C.  Moorhead 187.5-76 

W.  F.  Snarp 1877 

Wm.  Freeman 1878 

Wesley  W.  Hieks 1879 


CANTON  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  was  among  the  very  first  townships  of  this  county 
that  were  settled  by  the  whites.  Captain  David  W.  Barnes,  spoken 
of  in  the  first  chapter,  was  the  first  pioneer  to  locate  here  with  his 
family.  Among  others  who  came  into  the  township  at  a  very  early 
date  and  located  outside  of  the  town,  were  Theodore  and  (liarles 
Sergeant,  Henry  Therman,  George  Matthews,  Aaron  Roberts,  John 
Pixley,  Seth  Littler,  David  Gallentine,  Michael  Fraker,  .John  Cole- 
man, Thomas  Wolf,  a  Mr.  Campbell,  and  Daniel  Babbett.  There, 
was  a  family  by  the  name  of  (Jarland  who  lived  here  as  early  as 
1824.  Garland  is  believed  to  have  been  a  brother-in-law  of  Kin- 
ney, the  man  who  with  Mr.  Swan  laid  off  Canton.  Joseph  Ander- 
son settled  upon  the  northwest  quarter  of  section  35  in  1<S23.  An- 
derson was  the  first  settler  in  Banner  townshij)  and  resided  near 
Utica  prior  to  his  coming  to  this  township.  He  had  been  a  soldier 
in  the  British  army  during  the  war  of  1812,  but,  being  taken  pris- 
oner by  the  American  forces  under  General  Scott,  had  concluded  to 
cast  his  fortunes  among  his  captors.  He  was  a  thoroughgoing, 
enterj^rising  man,  an  Irishman  by  education  and  the  kind  of  a  man 
especially  adapted  to  pioneer  Hie.  He  brought  with  him  seven 
children,  five  boys  and  three  girls.  The  boys  were  Joseph,  Richard, 
James,  Samuel  and  A.  N.,  most  of  whom  are  deceased. 

Th(>  verv  first  mill  of  any  description  in  this  townshi]>  was -a 
band-mill  owned  bv  Michael  Fraker.  "Father  Fraker,"  as  he  was 
commonly  known,  was  a  regular  pioneer  genius,  always  ready  to 
adapt  himself  to  any  unfiivorable  surroundings.  His  cleverness 
was  displayed  shortly  after  his  arrival  by  the  construction  of  a 
liand-mill  to  grind  his  neighbors'  and  his  own  grain.  ;\  band-mill 
was  so  called  because  a  raw-liide  band  was  put  ujxm  a  large  drive- 
wheel,  in  the  j)lace  of  cogs:  it  saved  the  gearing  of  the  mill. 
These  mills  constituted  the  lowest  and  clicapest  order  of  horse-mills. 
Pins  were  ])ut  in  the  place  of  cogs,  and  around  them  the  band  was 
placed.  These  |)ins  might  be  changed  in  holes  made  for  the  pur- 
pose, so  that  the  band  might  be  tightened  when  desired.  Capt.  liarnes 
lived  two  and  a  half  miles  north  of  the  present  city  of  Canton  and 
Michael  Fraker  lived  east  of  Mr.  Barnes'  farm  and  north  of  the 
Fairview  bridge.  He  came  into  the  county  in  1823  and  in  1828 
moved  to  Lynn  township,  Knox  county.  He  was  the  first  settler 
there  and  gave  the  name  to  Fraker's  Grove.  Jacob  Kllis  erected  a 
water  mill  between  Canton  and  Lewistown  about  1824,  which  did  a 


516  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

good  business.  About  182!)  he  erected  anotlier  mill  within  .'J  miles 
of  Canton  upon  Big  creek,  which  brougiit  milling  very  convenient 
to  the  ])co])le  of  Canton.  Some  of  the  people,  who  were  not  close 
to  one  of  those  primitive  jnills,  contented  themselves  with  ]irepar- 
ing  their  meal  on  a  "grater."  These  "graters"  were  perforated 
sheets  of  tin  bowed  on  to  a  board,  so  that  the  shape  was  similar  to 
a  longitudinal  half  section  of  stove-pipe.  The  rough  outside  of  the 
perforated  tin  would  tear  the  grains  of  corn  when  it  was  rubbed 
briskly  over  its  surface,  and  by  an  hour's  hard  labor  meal  enough 
for  a  small  cake  could  be  manufactured.  > 

Those  old-time  circular  wolf-hunts  described  on  page322aflPorded 
exciting  holidays  to  pioneers,  and  scarcely  a  neighborhood  in  all  this 
Northwest  went  without  them.  Canton  and  vicinity  had  a  grand 
one  in  1<S4"2,  when  the  center  of  the  arena  chosen  was  that  higii 
point  of  prairie  northwest  of  Canton,  since  occupied  by  Overman's 
nursery,  and  known  as  Overman's  Mound.  It  is  estimated  that 
0,000  men  that  day  encompassed  an  area  about  20  miles  in  diameter, 
— men  enough  to  make  the  line  unbroken,  and  they  must  have 
gathered  uj)  every  wolf  within  that  immense  circle;  the  number  they 
enclosed  and  dispatched  was  eleven.  The  dogs  accompanying  the 
hunters  were  of  course  numerous  enough  to  dispose  of  all  the  wolves 
without  any  assistance  from  gunners, — indeed  shooting  could  not  be 
allowed.  Another  wolf  hunt  occurred  in  1<S45,  when  only  two 
wolves  were  killed.  Wolves  always  seem  more  numerous  than 
they  really  are,  they  are  so  omnij)resent  and  noisy.  If  the  men 
could  only  have  driven  all  the  rattlesnakes  and  "hoop-snakes"  to- 
gether into  the  center  and  killed  them  too,  their  benefaction  to  the 
country  woidd  have  been  doubled;  but  the  universal  hate  which 
mankind  bears  toward  these  rej^tiles  has  in  time  led  to  the  entire 
extirpation  of  one,  and  aln^ist  the  entire  extermination  of  the  other. 

George  Maxwell  tells  us  that  when  he  moved  upon  his  place  the 
countrv  was  all  a  wilderness.  His  nearest  neijrhbor  to  the  west  was 
Hon.  Oliver  Shipley,  and  on  the  east  towards  the  town  M'as  John 
Wolland,  who  lived  on  the  old  stage  road.  In  an  early  day  Mr. 
Maxwell  would  often  be  called  away  from  home  to  attend  to  his  busi- 
ness and  would  remain  away  sometimes  two  weeks.  Money  was 
scarce  then  and  the  settlers  were  j)Oor.  He  has  often  remained  over 
night  with  settlers  where  he  went  to  bed  and  could  count  the  stars 
through  the  roof  and  sides  of  the  building.  To-day  these  people  have 
the  finest  residences  in'  the  county.  The  settlers  had  no  ]>ine  lumber 
at  that  time.  Houses,  stables,  etc.,  were  constructed  of  hewn  tim- 
ber. Prosperity  began  slowly  and  was  often  retardcnl,  but  at  the 
commencement  and  during  the  war  progress  and  improvement  went 
on  and  the  farmers  accumulated  rapidly.  During  those  years  wool 
sold  at  §1  per  pound,  wheat  from  §2  to  S.'>  jkt  bushel.  Horses 
worth  now  from  ^lo  to  8100  then  sold  for  ^175  to  ^250.  Hogs  that 
sold  from  10  to  12i  cents  per  pound  are  now  worth  3  cents.  Milch  cows 
which  before  the  war  were  worth  $15  to  $18  were  worth  then  $60 
to  §80. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  517 

This  is  one  of  the  finest  bodies  of  land  in  the  State,  and  is  under 
the  best  of  eultivation.  Here  we  find  the  best  farm  houses  and 
barns  in  the  county,  and  one  of  the  most  cultured  and  refined  agri- 
cultural communities  in  the  State. 

After  dotailinii'  the  history  of  the  city  of  Canton  we  shall  speak 
personnally  of  mauy  of  those  wlu>  have  developed  the  resources  of 
the  township  and  those  who  are  at  present  thus  engaticd,  in  con- 
nection with  iiiauv  of  the  old  settlers  and  leading  citizens  of  the 
city. 

CANTON    CITY. 

The  city  of  Canton  is  situated  at  the  junction  of  the  Toledo, 
Peoria  ct  Warsaw  and  the  Chicago,  Burlington  cV:  (iuincy  Railroads, 
and  upon  one  of  the  most  fertile  jirairics  to  be  found  in  our  great 
Prairie  State.  It  is  the  largest  city  of  Fulton  county  and  one  of 
the  most  beautil'ul  and  prosperous  of  the  State.  As  a  live,  wide- 
awake business  place,  Canton  has  no  su])erior  and  but  few  equals  in 
Illinois.  Combined  with  its  busy  aspect  is  the  air  of  a  city, — the 
culture,  refinement  and  wealth  so  noticeable  in  larger  centers.  Indeed, 
expressed  in  few  words.  Canton  is  a  bustling^  little  city.  Its  busi- 
ness houses  are  large  and  well  stocked,  and  attract,  as  a  natural  re- 
sult of  these  facts,  together  with  the  gentlemanly  class  of  mcn^hants 
Avho  occujiy  them, "'a  large  trade,  even  froiii  the  adjoining  towns.  The 
residences  of  the  city  are  in  general  neat  and  tastefid  in  external 
appearance,  while  some  of  them  border  on  the  palatial.  The  streets 
are  kept  clean,  sidewalks  in  good  repair,  and  indeed  the  same  vein 
of  enterj)rise  which  prc^vades  the  business  of  the  town  is  not  wanting 
in  public  affairs.  While  'ousiuess  enterprise  and  bustle  is  to  be  a<l- 
mired,  and  does  receive  recognition  Avherever  disj)laye(l,  there  are 
other  factors  equally  im[>ortant  to  any  commnnity  which  has  for 
its  motto.  Progress,  as  this  city  has, — progress  not  alone  in  a  busi- 
ness sense, — in  building  large  factories,  in  stretching  out  the  arm's 
of  trade,  in  accumulating  wealth,  but  ])rogress  also  in  all  that  per- 
tains to  the  elevation  of  human  society.  Intelligence,  culture  and 
refinement  must  go  hand  in  hand  with  business  where  this  is  desired. 
These  ennobling  elements  of  society  soften  and  ]>olish  the  rough  life 
of  the  great  business  world.  In  these  features,  as  in  her  business.  Can- 
ton is  also  especially  noticeable.  Her  churches,  her  schools,  her  so- 
ciety are  exceptionally  good.  If  the  iidiabitants  of  this  city  were 
conveyed  to  a  wilderness  an  observant  stranger  could  easily  tell 
that  tliey  were  reared  amid  the  refining  and  elevating  infiuences  of 
the  Christian  Church,  good  sch.ools  and  a  cultui'cd  s(»ciety. 

Canton,  which  is  sitiuited  u|K)n  sections  20,  27,  34  and  35 — 
princi])ally  on  27  and  34 — of  Canton  townshij),  was  laid  out  by 
Isaac  Swan  and  a  man  by  the  name  of  Kinney,  on  the  lOth  day  of 
December,  1825.  In  1822  Theodore  Sergeant,  who  is  spoken  of 
elsewhere  in  this  volume,  by  mistake  decided  to  pre-empt  the  north- 
east quarter  of  section  27.     He  erected  a  cabin  north  of  the  site  of 


518  HISTORY   OP^    FULTON    COUNTY. 

the  present  liijjh-school  building,  and  put  into  cultivation  a  few- 
acres  of  land.  Mr.  Sergeant,  being  a  single  man,  in  1823  employed 
Harrison  Ilughland,  a  blacksmith,  to  occupy  his  cabin,  board  him 
and  carry  on  blacksmithing,  which  he  did  for  aljout  a  year,  but 
afterwards  carried  on  a  shop  for  himself  Hughland  Avas  a  maker 
of  cow-bells,  and  did  the  first  manufacturing  of  any  kind  in  the 
township, — making  bells  for  the  few  settlers  in  the  county.  Isaac- 
Swan  ap])carcd  uj)on  the  scene  in  1824  and  exhibited  to  Sergeant  a 
military  title  to  the  same  (juarter  of  land  he  had  settled  upon.  He 
immediately  vacated,  leaving  Swan  in  possession.  Swan  was  ac- 
companied by  his  brother-in-law,  Nathan  Jones,  who  owned  the 
northwest  cpiarter  of  section  34.  By  mutual  agreement,  owing  to 
the  fact  that  .Tones'  land  was  covered  with  timber  and  Swan's  was 
prairie,  they  divided  with  each  other.  Swan  taking  the  north  half  of 
Jones'  land  and  he  in  turn  taking  the  south  half  of  Swan's.  This 
gentleman  saw  in  this  a  fine  location  for  a  town  and  proposed  to  Mr. 
.Tones  that  they  lay  off  one  on  the  west  forty  acres  of  their  prairie 
tract.  To  this  Jones  would  not  assent.  At  this  time  Mr.  Kinney 
was  living  on  the  northeast  quarter  of  section  27,  who  proposed  to 
Mr.  Swan  to  join  in  the  enterprise.  This  proposition  was  accepted 
and  one  hundred  and  eight  lots  were  platted.  Ivinney,  however, 
did  not  remain  a  half  owner  of  Canton  very  long,  for  during  the 
following  season  John  Coleman,  sr.,  apjjcared  with  a  title  to  the 
quarter  of  kind  claimed  by  him  and  he  ousted  Kinney  and  took 
possession  of  the  quarter.  Coleman  fenced  up  Kinney's  survey, 
running  the  fence  to  the  center  of  Adeljihi  street,  the  boundary 
line  between  him  and  Swan.  This  was  a  source  of  no  little  con- 
troversy in  regard  to  Adelphi  street,  some  claiming  that  Coleman 
had  no  legal  riy-ht  to  vacate  it;  others  claimiui;  that  he  had.  Jones 
soon  laid  oil  his  first  addition  directly  south  of  the  original  town. 
In  this  he  laid  otf  the  j)ublic  scpiare,  he  owning  the  ]iropcrty  on  three 
sides  of  it  and  Swan  on  the  fourth. 

Isaac  Swan  erected  the  first  building  on  the  original  town  ])lat, 
immediately  after  it  was  laid  out.  This  building  was  a  log  cal)in, 
perhaps  Ki  by  18  feet,  and  was  fi)r  some  time  known  as  **  Swan's 
catch-all."  It  was  designed  as  a  stopj)ing-place  for  any  family  that 
miffht  come  in,  until  thev  could  build.  It  was  situated  on  Union 
street,  above  Fourth. 

As  a  fitting  tribute  to  the  memory  of  Mr.  Isaac  Swan,  the  found- 
er of  Canton,  we  wish  to  give  a  brief  personal  sketch  of  him  in 
this  connection.  He  was  a  native  of  Vermont,  but  emigrated  with 
his  father  to  Western  New  York  wliile  that  region  was  still  a  wil- 
derness. At  the  age  of  about  twenty  years  he  left  New  York,  in 
com])any  with  his  brother-in-law,  Nathan  Jones,  and  started  for  the 
Great  West.  Making  several  short  tarryings  in  difi'erent  parts  of 
Indiana,  they  finally  estai)lished  themselves  in  St.  Clair  county, 
Illinois,  about  1818.  They  remained  there  until  1820,  when  they 
removed  to   Montg-omerv   countv,   and  tarried   there    until    1824, 


:•! 


VV>^- 


r  C^^  c  c^(ni 


/'y  DECEASE 


ED 


CANTON 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  521 

wheiv  they  removed  to  Fulton  county,  arriving  at  the  present  loca- 
tion of  Canton  in  the  spring  of  that  year.  Isaac  Swan  was  a  man 
nearly  six  feet  in  heigiit,  splendidly  proportioned,  and  renuirkablc, 
even  among  pioneers,  for  his  strength  and  activity.  His  courage 
was  un(picstioned,  and  made  him  a  valuable  ac(piisition  to  any  new 
settlement  in  which  his  lot  was  cast.  Mr.  Swan  had  only  such  edu- 
cation as  could  be  obtained  in  the  log  school-houses  of  Erie  county, 
Xew  York,  fifty-five  and  sixty  years  ago  ;  yet  he  had  so  far  imj)rov- 
ed  his  limited  opportunities  as  to  be  considered  a  man  of  fair  educa- 
tion. He  was  a  Methodist,  an  honest  man  and  a  good  citizen,  one 
whose  word  was  his  bond.  He  gave  to  Canton  its  establishment 
and  almost  all  of  its  early  prosperity,  his  enterprise  and  energy  di- 
recting attention  to  it  and  bringing  in  new  settlers,  many  of  whom 
were  attracted  by  a  desire  to  settle  near  him.  He  was  killed  by  the 
storm  in  1835. 

The  first  family  to  avail  themselves  of  Swan's  "catch-all"  was 
the  family  of  John  Hannan,  who  came  soon  after  Swan  and  Jones 
did.  Hannan  got  a  lot  on  Main  street  from  Swan  and  built  the 
first  house  in  the  town  intended  for  a  residence.  This  was  a  cabin, 
and  was  occupied  by  him  until  his  death,  which  occurred  at  Beards- 
town  in  1831,  as  he  was  returning  from  St.  Louis.  His  widow  con- 
tinu(Hl  to  occupy  the  same  house  for  some  time,  when  she  moved  to 
a  farm  just  east  of  the  C,  B.  tt  Q.  Railroad. 

John  C.  Owens  came  in  about  the  same  time  the  Hannans  did, 
and  erected  a  cabin  on  Wood  street.  It  was  in  this  house  that,  in 
all  probability,  the  first  white  child  was  l)orn  in  the  original  town 
of  Canton.  It  is  claimed  by  some  that  Harrison  Hughland's  wife 
gave  birth  to  the  first  white  child  while  living  near  the  Central 
school-house  site.  If  this  is  true,  as  there  seems  to  be  reason  to 
believe,  this  child — whether  male  or  female  is  not  now  known — 
was  the  earliest  born  within  the  present  city  limits.  But  John  C. 
Owens'  oldest  boy — name  not  known — was,  without  doubt,  the 
first  born  on  the  original  j)lat.  Mr.  Owens  was  a  farmer,  and  a  son- 
in-law  of  old  Father  Fraker,  who  lived  just  west  of  Big  creek  at 
that  time.  Owens  at  this  time,  however,  was  living  with  his  sec- 
ond wife,  who  was  a  sister  of  Lewis  Walling's  fii-st  wife.  Owens 
and  Fraker  removed  from  Canton,  at  an  earlv  date,  and  settled  at 
Fraker's  Grove,  Knox  county. 

Swan  was  a  man  of  enterprise,  and  was  determined  that  his  town 
should  be  ))opulated  at  once;  so,  as  an  inducement  to  settlers,  he 
announced  his  determination  to  give  a  lot  to  any  man  who  would 
build  and  become  a  settler  in  the  town.  John  Hannan  was  the 
first  man  to  secure  a  lot,  and  was  fi»llowed  soon  by  others.  Swan 
kept  this  offer  good  until  about  1833,  stiptdating,  however,  in  later 
vears,  as  to  the  kind  of  house  that  should  be  built. 

At  this  time  (1826)  Samuel  Morse  resided  on  what  was  then 
known  as  the  Morse  quarter,  west  of  and  adjoining  the  town  plat. 
Morse  was  the  owner  of  a  hand  mill,  upon  which  was  ground  much 

32 


522  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

of  the  corn-meal  used  by  the  .settlers  of  Clinton.  Morse  continued 
to  reside  in  Canton  until  some  time  about  18;U,  when  he  removed 
to  Knox  county.  His  wife,  Mary  Morse,  was  a  tailoress,  and  the 
first  that  ever  worked  in  Canton. 

In  1824  Yelverton  Peyton  erected  a  hou'^e  within  the  present  city 
limits,  on  the  Coleman  tract,  near  where  Hayden  Keelinii;  has  now 
a  brickyard.  Peyton  was  a  large  man  and  a  giant  in  strength.  It 
is  said  that  he  cut  the  logs  for  his  cabin  and  "backed"  them  up  on 
his  shoulders,  carrving  logs  no  two  ordinary  men  could  have  lifted. 
Peyton  lived  here  a  few  years  and  was  taken  down  with  consumption. 
He  went  south,  finally,  fi)r  his  health  and  died. 

Until  about  1830  there  were  no  regular  dry-goods  stores  in  Can- 
ton. Up  to  that  period  goods  were  purchased  either  at  Edwards- 
ville  or  St.  Louis.  The  settlers  would  several  of  them  club  together 
and  select  one  or  two  of  their  number  to  take  a  "pirogue,"  loaded 
with  the  neighborhood  peltry,  beeswax  and  honey,  to  one  or  the 
other  of  those  markets  and  exchange  it  for  salt,  lead,  powder,  and 
such  other  goods  as  might  be  within  the  scope  of  their  ambition  or 
means.  This  trip  occupied  about  two  months'  time,  and  was  at- 
tended with  considerable  difficulty  and  not  a  little  danger. 

"One  of  the  buildings  erected  in  Canton  in  1825,"  says  Mr.  Swan 
in  his  History  of  Canton,  "was  a  school-house.  It  was  situated  on 
the  west  side  of  Wood  street,  between  Union  and  Illinois  streets. 
John  C.  Owens  was  the  first  school-teacher.  This  house  merits  a 
description.  It  was  of  logs,  unhewn  and  by  no  means  straight. 
The  roof  was  low  and  covered  with  clapboards,  kept  in  place  by 
weight-poles.  The  house-logs  were  very  small,  of  willow  and  Cot- 
tonwood timber,  principally.  Several  holes  were  cut  through  the 
logs  to  let  the  dark  out,  but  admitted  a  very  scanty  supply  of  light. 
The  floor  for  the  first  year  was  of  the  best  variety  of  prairie  soil, 
tramped  hard  by  the  feet  of  the  young  ideas  who  were  there  taught 
to  shoot.  The  seats  were  logs  s])lit  in  tw<»  ])arts  andsujiported  on  jiins 
driven  into  holes  bored  for  the  purpose.  The  one  writing  desk  was  a 
wide  puncheon,  with  its  upi)er  surface  planed,  and  supported  on  slant- 
ing pins  driven  into  one  of  the  logs.  The  door  of  unshaved  clapboards, 
swung  ujX)n  wooden  hinges.  One  side  of  the  room  was  occupied  by 
an  enormous  old-fiishioiied  firc-]ilace.  There  was  no  ceiling  save 
the  clapboard  roof,  aUhough  one  or  two  joists  held  a  wide  puncheon, 
whereon,  at  overcrowded  meetings — for  this  school-house  also  did 
duty  as  a  place  of  worshij) — the  more  adventurous  of  the  boys  would 
climb  and  sit  out  the  service,  with  their  bare  legs  swinging  over  the 
heads  of  the  worshij)ers  below.  Here  Owens  asseml)lcd  a  few  of 
the  children  in  the  winter  of  1825  and  1826 — Jo.  and  Jim  Anderson, 
Henry  Andrews,  Ed.  Therman,  Harriet,  Elniira  and  Williston 
Jones,  the  Owens  children,  the  Peyton,  Hughland  and  Fraker  chil- 
dren, and  a  few  others.  Owens  was  succeeded  by  Ezra  Fairchild. 
Fairchild  succeeded  in  getting  a  puncheon  floor  ])ut  into  the  school- 
house,  and  some  other  trifling  improvements  made.     He  was  an  ex- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  523 

cellent  tcaclRT,  ami  for  many  years  held  the  position  of  Justice  of 
the  Peace  in  Canton,  beino-  the  successor  of  Isaiah  StiUman  in  that 
office." 

We  take  the  foHowinw  from  Mr.  Swan's  History  :  "The  Public 
Square  formed  a  jiortion  of  Nathan  Jones'  First  Addition  to  the 
Town  of  Canton.  It  was  proposed  originally  to  give  to  the  jju'blic 
for  a  public  square  one  Avhole  block,  extendino;  from  Main  to  Prairie 
streets  east  and  west,  and  frt)ni  Union  to  Elm  streets  north  and 
south.  This  ])r()i)osition,  however,  from  some  unknown  cause,  was 
not  carried  into  effect,  and  when  the  survey  was  made  the  Public 
Square  was  limited  to  one-half  its  present  area,  extending  from 
Union  street  south  to  the  alley  which  divides  the  block.  The  two 
lots  south  of  the  alley  were  given  as  a  donation  to  the  Presbyterian 
house  of  worship  which  was  erected  u|)on  one  of  them.  It  was  not 
until  in  about  1841,  after  the  removal  of  the  church  from  the  l^ublic 
Square,  that  Deacon  Jones, — who  had  not  previously  deeded  the  lots, 
although  intending  so  to  do, — by  an  arrangement  Ijetween  the  two 
branches  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  after  the  separation,  deeded 
the  lots  in  question,  thereby  making  the  S(juare  its  ])rcsent  size. 
The  deed  to  these  lots  was  not  immediately  put  upon  the  records, 
and  as  a  result  of  this  neglect  they  were  assessed  and  sold  for  taxes, 
and  j)urchasc(l  by  Ahira  Saunders.  Mr.  Saunders  undertook,  in 
about  1S42,  to  obtain  })ossession,  but  was  met  by  the  deacon's  deed 
to  the  public,  and,  as  public  property  was  not  taxable,  his  specula- 
tion failed. 

"  Prior  to  1830  the  business  of  the  town,  as  well  as  most  of  the 
residences,  was  on  Wood  street;  and  in  that  year,  when  Joel 
Wright  and  Childs  &  Stillman  commencctl  business,  they  located 
their  stores  on  that  street.  In  about  18.'30  the  first  building  was 
erected  on  the  Square  :  it  was  a  log  house,  built  by  Richard  Stevens, 
a  brother-in-law  of  Isaac  Swan,  and  was  about  where  Mansfield's 
brick  stor(>-house  now  stands,  on  the  south  side. 

"In  1832  Joseph  Anderson  built  a  cabin  on  the  lot  now  occuj>icd 
by  Ingersoll's  store  on  the  west  side.  Mr.  Anderson  moved  into 
this  house  to  be  near  the  Fort  at  Esquire  Wright's,  during  the 
Black-JIawk  war.  In  18;>:]  fjouis  Ijidamon  erected  the  first  frame 
house  on  the  Square.  This  house  was  a  very  low  one-story  house, 
long  and  narrow,  and  stood  on  the  east  side.  In  1834  Messrs. 
Tryon  &  McCutchcon  built  and  occupied  the  first  store-house  on 
the  Square.  This  was  a  frame  l)uilding,  and  was  Jocated  on  the 
west  side.  ^Messrs.  Tryon  i^'  McCutchcon  sold  out,  a  few  vears  later, 
to  Messrs.  Marklcy'  &  Solomon.  Tlu-  j)ropcrty  afterward  passed 
into  the  hands  of  Dr.  J,  R.  Walter,  who  remodeled  it  and  occu])ied 
it  as  a  residence  for  many  years.  Messrs.  Tryon  &  ^IcCutchcon 
sold  out  to  Messrs.  :Markley*&  Solomon  in  May,  18H3G.«-^The  Mr. 
Solomon  of  this  firm  was  the  well-known — to  old  settlers — Joel 
Solomon,  for  many  years  Circuit  Clerk  of  the  county.  Judge  David 
Markley  was  the  senior  partner.     In  November,  1830,  Mr.  Mark- 


524  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

ley  purchased  Mr.  Solomon's  interest  in  this  store,  and  became  sole 
])r()j)rietor,  continuing  in  business  until  1839.     Mr.  Markley   \va<  a 
man  eminently  fitted  for  pioneer  life.      A  hirge,  powerful  man,  a  wit, 
and    at   tiie  same  time   a   man  of  sound    judtrmcnt,  he  sf»on  became 
prominent  among  the  [)ioneers.      He  liad  filled  the  othces  of"  County 
Judge  in  Chamj)aign  county,  Ohio,  and  of  Colonel  of  a  regiment  in 
the   war  of  1<S1'2,   previous   to  his  emigration,  and    was  very  soon 
after  his  immigration  identified  witli  the  pul)li('  interests  of  the  peo- 
ple with  wliom  lie  had  cast   his   lot.      In    1<S38,  two   years   after   his 
settlement  in  the   county,  he    was   elected   to   fill   a  vacancy    in  the 
State   Senate,  caused   by  the  resignation  of  Judge  Hackleton,  and 
was  twice  re-elected,  making  his  term  of  service  ten  full  years.     In 
1847   he  was  elected  a  member  of  the   Convention   to  form  a  new 
Constitution  for  tlie  State  of  Illinois,  and  was  one  of  most  influential 
members.     About  the  same  time  Governor  Ford  appointed  him  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Canal  Commissioners.     Whik^   acting  in 
this  capacity,  he  selected  the  lands   granted  l)y  the   Ignited  States 
Government  to  the  State  in  aid  of  this  enterprise.     In  1844  Judge 
Markley  removed  from  Canton  to  Banner  township,  near  Monterey, 
where  he  remained  until  lS."j(),  when  he  again  removed  to  Nebraska ; 
but,  not  satisfied  with  that  territory,  he  soon  returned,  and  settled 
in  Stark  county,  near  Rochester  in  Peoria  county. 

"In  about  1830  Messrs.  Brooks  &  Cogswell  ojiencd  a  store  on 
the  Public  Square.  They  continued  in  business  until  about  1839. 
In  the  fall  of  1835  Jno.  C.  Willis  erected  a  frame  buiUlingfor  hotel 
purposes  on  the  Public  S(|uare,  on  tlie  west  side.  This  hotel  was 
rented  to  a  Mr.  Williamson  and  David  Russell,  who  run  it  a  short 
time  and  then  gave  })lace  to  Frederick  Mennert,  who,  in  his  turn, 
was  succeeded  by  Hugh  R.  Smith.  I\hv  Smith's  successor  was 
David  Collins.  In  about  1841  Thos.  Wills  took  the  house,  and  re- 
mained its  ])roprietor  until  about  18r)3  or '4.  In  183()  Messrs.  Steel 
tt  Ballard  occu})ied  one  of  the  ground-floor  rooms  of  this  house  as 
a  store-room.  Mr.  Steel  was  the  son-in-law  of  Ossian  M.  Ross. 
He  came  in  1830,  and  remained  a  resident  of  Canton  until  his 
death.  In  1830  Messrs.  Shinn  ct  Vittum  erected  a  store-house  on 
the  southwest  corner  of  the  Public  Scpiare,  as  a  business  house. 
This  store  was  occupied  by  Mr.  Shinn  u])  to  the  time  of  his  death. 

"The  first  brick  store-room  on  the  Public  Square  was  erected  by 
Mr.  John  Blackadore,  in  1845.  It  was  on  the  south  side,  on  the  lot 
he  now  o(■('upic^>^.  This  was  an  old-fashioned  brick,  two-stories  high, 
and  was  burned  in  1805.  In  1848  ^Nlr.  S.  Smith  bnilt  the  second 
brick  on  the  Scjuare,  on  the  lot  east  of  Mr.  Blackadore's  building. 
This  building  was  afterward  purchased  by  the  Messrs.  Babcock,and 
was  known  a*;  the  "Regulator."  It  was  burned  in  1S(;5,  in  the 
same  fire  that  destroyed  Mr.  lilackadore's  building. 

"The  same  season,  T.  Maple  erected  the  first  three-story  brick 
block  in  the  city,  on  the  southeast  corner  of  the  Public  Square.  The 
fall  of  the  same  season  Mr.  Jno.  G.  Graham  and  A.  H.  White  each 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  525 

erected  tliree-storv  hussiness  houses.  Mr.  White  disposed  of  his 
buildiuff  hv  h)tterv  in  185().  In  1838  a  Mr.  Sciuires  built  a  house 
on  the  northeast  corner  of  the  Square,  and  estal)lished  a  grocery- 
store.  This  establishment  did  not  run  long  before  Squires  sold  out 
to  Jones  &  Weeks,  who  turned  it  into  a  dry -goods  store.  Jones 
was  either  a  Spaniard  or  Portuguese,  and,  from  his  C()mj)lexi()n,  was 
known  as  "Black  Jones."  He  spoke  several  foreign  languages,  and 
was  quite  a  shrewd  man,  but  not  suspected  of  honesty  to  any  great 
extent." 

Richard  Addis  came  from  the  State  of  New  Jersey  and  early 
identified  himself  with  the  infant  village  of  Canton.  While  sub- 
ject to  the  malarial  atmosj)here  incident  to  a  new  country,  he  soon 
afterwards  succumbed  to  its  deadly  influence  and  died.  When  Mr. 
Addis  conceived  the  notion  of  coming  West  he  was  in  well-to-do 
circumstances.  He  traded  a  large  interest  in  a  woolen  factory  in 
New  Jersev  to  oneMunn,  of  New  York  city,  for  '.V2  quarter-sections 
of  Illinois  land  just  before  starting,  supposing,  of  course,  that  the 
title  would  be  perfect.  He  did  not  receive  his  deeds  until  he  had 
j)repared  to  move, — indeed  until  he  was  in  his  wagon.  No  time  for 
examination  was  had  until  he  was  well  on  his  journey,  when  he 
found  the  supposed  deeds  were  only  a  Avarranty  for  one  year  and  no 
more;  the  consequence  proved  an  almost  total  loss.  After  many 
years  had  rolled  around,  and  long  after  "Uncle  Richard"  had  passed 
awav,  a  strange  fatal itv  seemed  to  overtake  every  effort  to  recover 
the  loss.  While  an  eminent  (■(»unsel  was  engaged  in  taking  testi- 
mony with  a  view  of  prosecuting  the  case,  and  ere  he  was  scarcely 
through,  he  died  very  suddenly.  In  the  course  of  time  another 
friend  undertook  the  task  of  prosecuting  the  claim,  and  while  en- 
gaged in  securing  facts  and  evidence,  he,  too,  was  taken  suddenly 
ill  and  died,  while  on  his  way  from  Fairview  to  Lewistown. 

"Uncle  Richard's"  M-idow,  "Aunt  Jemima,"  as  she  was  known, 
survived  him  many  years,  to  the  comfort  and  pleasure  of  numerous 
friends  wiio  took  great  interest  in  hearing  her  relate  incidents  of 
early  life  here,  and  especially  stories  about  the  Indians.  The  latter, 
while  upon  their  begging  excursions,  would  take  great  deVight  in 
making  as  many  tracks  with  their  bared  feet  upon  her  newly-cleaned 
floor  as  possil)le,  often  turning  around  and  laughing  at  their  success- 
ful efforts.  Coming  in  from  the  trail  after  a  rain,  with  their  feet 
thoroughly  covered  with  clay  and  mud,  might  be  sport  to  them  to 
smear,  her  floor,  but  we  imagine  the  neat  housewife  .was  not  a  little 
angered  ;  but  discretion  was  the  l)etter  \ydrt  of  valor,  and  the  "  less  said 
the  easier  settled"  was  the  rule.  Her  daughter  married  Isaac 
Swan,  who  was  killed  during  the  big  storm  recounted  below.  She 
also  had  an  infant  killed  while  in  her  arms.  She  afterwards  married 
Mr.  Gould,  whose  wife  had  also  been  killed  during  this  tornado. 

The  Sfonn. — "  There  was  one  night  in  the  history  of  Canton"  says 
Mr.  Swan  in  his  History,  "that  will  never  be  forgotten  s(^  long  as 
one  of  its  survivors  is  alive.     'The  Storm'  has  been  and  will  long 


526  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

continue  to  be  a  household  word  of  fear  among  tlie  citizens,  old  and 
new  ;  for,  so  vividlv  have  its  incidents  heen  described  bv  the  (»ld  to 
the  new  citizen,  that  he,  too,  has  caught  the  infection  of  dread  its 
terrors  produced. 

"The  istli  of  June,  1S35,  had  been  a  showery  day,  and  as  night 
fell,  dark  clouds  were  observed  looming  up  in  the  northwest.  As 
the  twilight  deepened,  from  the  ominous  bank  of  thick  clouds  there 
would  blaze  out  lurid  flashes  of  red  lightning  that  illuminated  a-nd 
made  more  ominous  the  approaching  tempest.  Xinc  o'clock  came, 
and  the  people  had  either  retired  to  rest  or  were  jjrejxiring  so  to  do. 
Isaac  Swan  Mas  at  family  worshiji;  so  were  several  other  families  in 
town,  when  the  roar  of  the  tbunder,  which  had  grown  constant  and 
terrific,  was  almost  lost  in  the  terrors  of  another  roar,  so  mournful, 
so  dreadful  and  wild  that  it  will  never  pass  from  the  memory  of  one 
who  heard.  It  was  the  roar  of  the  tornado  ;  and  in  a  moment  it 
descended  upon  the  doomed  village,  with  a  devastating  force  which 
could  not  be  withstood  by  any  frail  tenement  of  man  that  opposed 
its  course.  In  a  moment  of  time  the  air  became  filled  with  the 
roofs  and  flying  timliers  of  exposed  houses.  Rails  and  timbers  of 
all  kinds  so  tilled  the  air  that  woe  to  the  luckless  animal  or  person 
who  had  no  shelter ;  and  in  another  moment  few  of  the  citizens  but 
were  shelterless.  And  now  came  great  hailstones  and  a  rain-fall, 
that  it  seemed  as  though  the  windows  of  heaven  were  indeed  opened 
and  the  rains  descending  in  a  solid  volume.  Over  and  above  all  the 
roar  of  the  tempest,  the  cries  and  shriek>  of  the  wounded  and  dying 
were  heard,  and  by  the  constant  glare  of  the  lightning  it  was  seen 
that  nearly  the  whole  town  was  in  ruins.  As  the  wind  lulled,  those 
who  were  not  too  badlv  iniurcd  would  venture  out  to  aid  the 
wounded. 

"Bryant  L.  Cook  was  at  Philip  Grimm's  when  the  storm  struck. 
Grimm's  house  was  unroofed,  the  children  sleeping  up  stairs,  almost 
by  a  miracle,  |)reserved,  and  no  one  of  the  iamily  hurt.  Cook  at 
once  ran  over  to  Isaac  Swan's.  He  stepped  uj)on  a  pile  of  ruins 
which  had  been  the  house,  and  as  he  did  so  Betsy  Swan  cried  out 
from  binder  the  ruins  'Oh,  help  mo!'  Cook  went  to  her  and 
found  her  kept  down  under  the  weight  of  one  of  the  cabin-logs. 
On  removing  it  she  cried,  "Oh  God,  my  jioor  baby  is  dead  I"  and  it 
was.  She  had  held  it  in  her  arms  during  all  the  storm,  and  its 
brains  were  knocked  out  by  falling  timber.  Cook  heard  a  groan. 
Betsy  too  heard  it  and  said,  *  Oh  Bryant,  try  to  get  poor  Isaac 
out !'  Cook  lifted  one  after  another  of  the  logs,  and  soon  found 
Swan's  ::odv  under  the  debris  ;  but  he  was  fatallv  injured.  Bv  this 
time  help  had  arrived,  and  he  was  conveyed  to  the  Presbyterian 
church,  on  the  Srpiare,  which  had  sustained  but  slight  injury. 

"The  people  now  assembled  at  Joel  Wright's,  Dr.  Donaldson's, 
and  a  few  other  houses  that  were  not  seriously  injured.  At  Don- 
aldson's there  was  a  scene  of  wild  confusion  ;  frightened  women  and 
children  had  been  collecting  until  the  house  was  crowded,  and  there 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  527 

too  was  Betsy  Swan's  dead  baby,  while  many  of  those  present  were 
suffering  from  contusions  and  bruises.  Elias  Foster  was  killed, — a 
spoke  out  of  the  wheel  of  a  new  wagon  was  driven  into  his  groin. 
His  little  girl  was  missing,  and  was  not  found  until  the  next  morn- 
ing, when  she  was  found  dead,  having  been  blown  from  Foster's 
residence  on  the  lot  on  Elm  street,  west  of  Wood,  now  occupied  by 
Rev.  Mr.  Wasmuth,  to  a  hazel-thicket  near  the  residence  of  Hiram 
Snow,  t)n  Illinois  street. 

"  The  storm  appears  to  have  struck  the  earth  between  Fairview 
and  Canton,  and,  after  passing  through  the  timber  west  of  town,  de- 
stroying, indeed  literally  mowing  a  path  through  it,  swept  over 
the  village,  leaving  but  one  or  two  uninjured  buildings,  and  perhaps 
a  dozen  that  were  habitable,  but  demolishing  or  seriously  injuring 
every  other  house  in  town.  It  passed  a  little  south  of  east  over  the 
present  poor-farm,  destroying  the  residence  of  Geo.  W.  Gould  in 
that  neighborhood  and  killing  his  wife;  then  on  through  Duck 
creek  timber  to  the  bluff,  where  it  appears  to  have  lifted,  and  for 
some  distance  at  least  did  no  more  damage. 

"The  scene  the  next  morning  was  terrible.  The  earth  was  liter- 
ally swept  clean  of  fences,  out-buildings,  and  almost  of  buildings, 
but  WIS  covered  with  shingles,  boards,  rails  and  timbers.  Franklin 
P.  Offiold  had  just  received  and  opened  a  large  stock  of  goods  in  a 
new  building  on  the  corner  of  Main  and  Cole  streets,  opposite  Piper's 
factory.  Tliis  house  was  demolished,  and  the  goods  scattered  over 
the  prairie  clear  away  to  Duck  creek.  Cattle  were  killed  and  lying 
about  in  all  directions.  ChiekiMis  were  blown  away  and  killed,  :ind 
the  few  standing  houses  were  literally  wrecked,  moved  from  their 
foundations,  unroofed,  or  with  gables  knocked  in.  The  great  won-  . 
der  is  that  no  more  lives  were  lost.  Out  of  a  population  approxi- 
mating five  hundred,  only  four  i)ers()ns  were  killed  in  town, — Isaac 
Swan  and  his  infant  son,  Flias  Foster  and  his  daughter.  In  the  coun- 
try near,  Mrs.  Gould  was  added  to  the  list,  making  five  victims  of  the 
air-fiend's  wrath.  The  destruction  of  property  and  life  that  would 
ensue  were  such  a  storm  to  sweep  over  the  country  now  would  be 
absolutely  appdiing.  Then  the  country  was  sparsely  settled,  and  of 
course  the  destruction  was  not  so  great  as  it  would  be  now.  The 
track  of  the  storm  was  about  one  mile  in  width,  extending  from  the 
residence  of  John  Coleman  on  the  north  to  the  vicinity  of  the  Cen- 
tral school-house  on  tlie  south.  The  marks  of  the  storm  were  dis- 
tinctly visible  in  the  timber  west  of  town  until  in  recent  years,  since 
the  timber  affected  has  been  cleared  up." 

Canttin  was  incorporated  as  a  town  Feb.  10,  1837.  Upon  that 
day  an  election  was  held  to  vote  for  or  against  incorj>oration,  result- 
ing in  the  adoption  of  the  measure  by  a  majority  of  .'U,  there  being 
4G  ballots  cast.  Inmiediately  thereafter  the  following  five  Trus-  y/ 
tees  were  chosen  :  David  Marklev,  Joel  Wright,  Thomas  J.  Little, 
William  B.  Cogswell  and  Franklin  P.  Offield.  Tiiey  held  this  first 
mastinsT    March  27,    18'37,   '"at  Frederic  Menncrts'  inn."      At   this 


528  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

meeting  David  Markley  was  chosen  President  of  the  Board  and 
Thomas  J.  Little  Clerk,  George  W.  Gould  was  chosen  Treasurer, 
John  Thorp  both  Gollector  and  Constable,  Nathan  Jones,  Lathroj) 
W.  Curtis  and  Isaiah  Stilltuan  Assessors,  and  L.  W.  Curtis  Super- 
visor of  Highways.  Under  the  by-laws  adopted  by  this  Board, 
revenue  was  to  be  raised  by  a  tax  on  all  real  estate  within  the  bound- 
aries of  the  town,  which,  it  was  provided,  should  be  assessed  at  its 
true  value,  and  upon  the  assessment  "an  ad-valorem  tax  of  not  ex- 
ceeding fifty  cents  on  every  one  hundred  dollars  should  be  levied 
by  the  President  and  Trustees  annually."  Section  36  of  the  ordi- 
nances provided  that  "any  j)crson  who  shall  on  the  Sabbath  day 
play  at  bandy,  cricket,  cat,  town-ball,  corner-ball,  over-ball,  fives, 
or  any  other  game  of  ball,  within  the  limits  of  the  corporation,  or 
shall  "engage  in  pitching  dollars  or  quarters,  or  any  other  game,  in 
any  pul)lic  })lace,  shall,  on  conviction  thereof,  be  fined  the  sum  of 
one  dollar. 

Upon  the  21st  of  February,  1.S48,  an  election  was  held  to  vote 
for  or  against  a  second  incorporation  of  the  village.  There  were 
120  votes  cast  "for"  and  42  "against"  the  said  measure  of  incor- 
poration. It  being  carried,  an  election  of  town  officers  under  this 
incorporation  was  held  March  1,  1S4H,  ^vhen  William  Parlin,  AVil- 
liam  Kellogg,  George  S.  McConnell,  James  Wills  and  John  G.  Piper 
^vere  elected  Trustees.  These  gentlemen  assembled  on  the  follow- 
ing day  in  official  capacity  and  chose  Mr.  McConnell  President  and' 
Henrv  F.  Ingersoll  Clerk.  On  the  14th  of  April  the  latter  gentle- 
man was  chosen  Treasurer  of  the  town  ;  James  R.  Parker  Assessor 
and  Harrison  P.  Fellows  Collector  and  Constable.  An  election 
was  held  Feb.  27, 1 849,  to  vote  for  or  against  the  acceptance  of  a  char- 
ter granted  the  town  by  the  Legislature.  For  the  charter  were 
cast  l-")()  l)allots,  against,  0.  Under  this  charter  the  President  and 
four  Trustees  were  to  be  elected  by  the  people ;  ])revi()usly  the 
President  was  chosen  by  the  Board.  The  Board  divided  the  town 
into  four  wards  for  voting  purposes.  The  first  election  held  under 
the  charter  was  on  A|)ril  28,  1849,  when  Davis  Ferguson  was  chosi-n 
President;  William  Thonijvson,  Alderman  from  the  First  Ward; 
N.  H.  Turner,  Alderman  from  the  Second  Ward;  William  Parlin, 
from  the  Third  Ward,  and  J.  B.  Hinman  from  the  Fourth. 

Canton  had  grown  to  considerable  size  by  the  year  1853  and  was 
cpiite  prosperous,  so  mueh  so  indeed,  that  she  desired  to  don  the  name 
of  "city."  The  Legislature  during  its  session  that  wintcrgranted  tothe 
town  a  city  charter.  The  first  election  under  this  charter  was  held 
April  4,  1854.  Louis  Corbin  was  chosen  Mayor;  D.  H.  Dewey, 
Supervisor;  B..  F.  Moyer,  Marshal;  Aldermen — First  Ward.  W. 
M.  Thompson  ;  Secf)nd  Ward,  Atharin  Keeling;  Third  Ward,  J. 
M.Thompson;  Fourth  Ward,  James  Wills.  The  Council  on  the 
(jth  of  January,  1855,  enacted  a  very  stringent  prohibitory  liquor 
law,  and  vigorously  prosecuted  all  violations  of  it,  but  not  with  en- 
tire success.     It  was  durino:  the  administration  of  this  Council  that 


c.  /g5^    . 

/ 
HISTORY    OF    FULTC^   COUNTY.  529 

/ 

/ 

the  ladies  destroyed  the  whi.sky  o^^  Canton,  an  account  of  which  we 
take  from  the  history  of  Cantoiyuy  Swan. 

'■^  The  W/iisky  War. — In  IcSvio  the  Town  Council,  acting  in  ac- 
cordance with  the  desire  of  the  ])coplc  of  Canton  as  expressed  by 
their  votes,  passed  a  very  stringent  pi-ohibitory  liquor  law.  This 
was  openly  set  at  defiance  by  sonic  of  the  liquor-sellers.  They  not 
only  continued  to  sell,  but  sold,  in  at  least  one  case,  in  an  open,  defi- 
ant manner.  These  ])arties  selling  li([uors  were  arrested,  and  one 
of  them,  finding  that  the  suit  was  likely  to  go  against  him,  pr()j)ose(l 
a  compromise  with  the  city,  agreeing,  if  the  suit  against  him  was  drop- 
ped and  the  city  Council  would  pay  the  cost  of  the  suit,  giving  him 
fifteen  days  to  close  out  his  stock,  he  would  close  out  his  establish- 
ment and  quit  the  business.  This  compromise  was  agreed  to  by  the 
city,  but  violated  by  Mr.  Mallory,  who  it  was  claimed,  went  on 
from  bad  to  worse.  Other  prosecutions  were  brought  against  him, 
which  he  a])pealed,  and,  when  they  were  brought  to  trial  in  the 
(^ircuit  Court  obtained  a  change  of  venue  to  Mason  county,  showing  a 
determination  to  contest  the   law,  as  he  had  an  undoubted  right  to. 

"The  temperance  ladies  of  Canton  were  very  much  dissatisfied 
with  the  slow  progress  being  made  in  closing  up  the  offending 
saloons,  and  finally  determined  to  take  the  subject  into  their  own 
hands.  Secret  meetings  of  the  ladies  were  held  to  consider  the  ways 
and  means  by  which  the  sale  of  licpior  could  be  stopped,  and  a 
plan  of  action  was  finally  agreed  upon.  It  has  been  asserted  that 
a  woman  cannot  keep  a  secret.  This  was  proved  to  be  a  mistake 
in  this  case,  at  least.  So  secretly  had  the  women  minted  that  Mr. 
Mallory,  the  chief  of  the  offenders,  entirely  unsuspecting,  and  with 
no  premonition  of  tlie  fate  that  awaited  his  whisky-barrels,  went  to 
St.  Louis  to  nudvc  additions  to  his  already  large  stock. 

"The  firm  of  Charles  Smith  &  CV).,  doing  business  on  the  south 
side  of  the  Public  S(]uare,  had  been  holding  a  series  of  ladies' 
auctions,  at  which  they  were  disposing  of  a  considerable  stock  of 
ladies'  fancy  goods.  To  this  auction,  on  Friday,  the  4th  day  of 
A})ril,  1856,  the  ladies,  by  previous  understanding,  came.  The 
auction  began  about  one  o'clock,  and  it  was  observed  that  the 
crowd  began  to  collect  in  the  auction-room  at  an  early  hour.  The 
auctioneer  \vas  delighted  at  the  great  nund)ers  of  ladies  who  sur- 
rounded his  stand,  and  cried  himself  hoarse  with  praises  of  his 
goods;  but,  to  his  astonishment,  no  body  bid.  The  women  con- 
tinued to  collect,  coming  in  twos  juid  threes,  all  wearing  s1ia\yls  or 
cloaks,  although  the  day  was  bland  and  pleasant,  until  about  two 
hundred  had  collected. 

"From  some  expressions  let  fall  in  the  au(!tion-room,  it  began  to 
be  understood  upon  the  street  that  'Sebastopol,'  as  ]\IalIory's  saloon 
was  called,  was  to  be  taken.  Mr.  Mallory  being  away  from  home, 
his  friends  determined  to  volunteer  in  his  defense;  and  accordingly 
quite  a  number  of  them  took  their  positions  at  the  entrance  to  the 
building, — which    was   securely    barricaded, — determined,    as  they 


530  HISTORY   OF   FULTOX   COUNTY. 

• 

averred,  to  defend  the  establi.shment  at  the  peril  of  their  lives,  if  it 
needed  be.  Among  the  defenders  of  the  grocery  was  a  constable 
then  serving  a  term  in  an  adjoining  township,  a  man  of  nerve,  and 
whose  veracity  has  never  been  called  in  (juestion,  who  addressed  a 
crowd  of  several  hundred  men  and  bovs  gathered  before  the  door, 
urging  them  to  aid  in  protecting  the  property  of  the  saloon-keeper, 
at  the  same  time  swearing  that  no  woman  could  enter  the  door  with- 
out passing  over  his  dead  body.  This  gentleman  little  dreamed 
how  soon  the  death  he  was  invoking  might  be  staring  him  in  the 
face. 

"When  the  time  for  action  came,  over  two  hundred  of  the  most 
prominent  women  of  Canton  marched  out  of  the  auction  store  and 
arranged  themselves  in  columns,  two  by  two,  on  the  Public  Square. 
The  excitement  by  this  time  was  growing  intense.  Everybody, 
male  and  female,  appeared  to  be  upon  the  Public  Square,  either  as  a 
looker-on  or  a  participant  in  the  mob  upon  the  one  side  or  the  other. 
As  the  Amazonian  column  formed,  a  citizen  stepped  up  to  the  leader 
and  urged  her  to  desist,  saying  that  the  proprietor  of  'Sebastopol' 
was  not  at  home,  and  urging  them  at  least  to  give  him  a  chance  to 
defend  himself.  The  ladies  responded  that  they  were  convened  for" 
business,  and  that  business  must  go  on. 

''The  line  of  march  was  now  taken  up,  the  leader  carrying  a  short 
sword  in  her  hand,  which  she  flourished  in  quite  a  martial  manner, 
arriving  at  the  door,  the  crowd  parted,  except  that  three  or  four  de- 
termined fellows  maintained  themselves  before  the  door.  One  of 
these,  the  constable  referred  to  above,  declared  his  determination  to 
resist  the  onslaught,  and  declared,  in  response  to  the  quiet  and 
low-spoken  'Stand  aside  gentlemen:  we  are  going  in  there,'  of  the 
leader,  himself  as  ready  lor  the  sacrifice  by  the  remark,  '  Not  by  a 
d — d  sight :  you  ain't  going  in  unless  you  go  over  my  dead  body.' 
Mr.  Constable  was  a  brave  man;  Mr.  Constable  was  a  man  of 
truth  ;  tiierefore  it  cannot  be  doulited  that  he  met  Mith  a  bloody 
death  right  there,  as,  within  one  minute  after  his  self-sacrificing 
declaration,  the  door  against  which  he  and "  two  or  three  more 
braves  were  standing  was  shivered  to  a  thousand  fragments,  by 
blows  WL'U  and  vigcjnuisly  aimed  from  gleaming  hatchets^  that 
leaped  out  from  the  cover  of  two  hundred  shawls  in  unison.  Mr. 
Constable  therefi)re  must  have  perished,  fallen  gloriously  at  his  post 
of  duty,  then  and  there. 

"The  door  of'  Sebastopol '  demolished,  the  work  of  demolition  be- 
gan. Bottles,  unoffending  candy  jars,  glasses  and  decanters,  all 
were  smashed  into  a  thousand  fragments,  and  shelving  and  counters 
shared  the  same  fate.  The  cellar  contained  a  large  quantity  of 
li(piors.  This  was  invaded,  and  barrels  were  knocked  in,  until  the 
spirituous  flood  had  aceumulated  on  the  cellar-floor  to  the  depth  of 
several  inches,  when  they  l)ailed  it  out  and  threw  it  into  the  street, 
determined  none  should  be  saved.  Some  of  the  women  had  a 
lighted  caudle  in  this  cellar,  and  it  was  almost  a  miracle  that  thev 


HISTORY   OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  531 

had  not  set  fire  to  the  spiHefl  liquor  and  all  have  perished  with  the 
objeet  of  their  wrath. 

"By  the  time  their  destruction  of  '  Sebastopol '  was  completed, 
the  fumes  of  the  licjuor  had  ascended  to  tiieir  nostrils;  and  it  is  no 
exaggeration  to  say  that  one-half  of  the  ladies  were,  as  temperance 
advocates,  in  magnificent  order  to  furnish  the  fearful  example  for 
any  ambitious  temperance  orator  who  might  secure  their  services. 
About  twenty  barrels  of  liquor,  besides  his  saloon  and  bar  fixtures, 
were  destroyed  for  Mr.  Mallorv. 

"This  work  completed,  they  re-organizod  and  marched  to  the  gro- 
cery of  Mr.  Butti'rs,  on  ]Main  street,  just  soutii  of  the  Public  Sfjuare. 
Mr.  Butters  sold  nothing  stronger  than  beer,  and  rolled  out  the  only 
barrel  of  it  in  his  possession  on  the  sidewalk,  willing  to  sacrifice  it 
rather  than  trust  the  now  infuriated  Amazonian  army  within  his  es- 
tablishment. This  barrel  of  beer  was  at  once  demolished 'and  the 
line  of  march  again  resumed. 

"There  was  a  rectifying  establishment,  kept  by  Lamon  &  Childs, 
near  the  present  cemetery;  Tiiither  the  ladies  n)arched,  and  there, 
after  overawing  a  feeble  effort  at  resistance  on  the  part  of  the  pro- 
prietors, marched  in  and  destroyed  about  thirty  barrels  of  whisky 
and  highwines. 

"This  establishment  destroyed,  they  returned  to  the  Square  and 
invaded  the  office  of  Col.  Wm.  Babcock,  who  had  a  barrel  of  un- 
tapped whisky  there,  that  he  was  saving  for  domestic  use  after  his 
boy,  then  a  babe,  should  become  of  age.  The  ladies  will  probably 
remember  why  they  did  not  destroy  this  barrel. 

"  All  the  liquor  which  the  ladies  knew  to  exist  in  the  place  having 
been  destroyed,  they  r(!-convened  at  the  auction  store  and  passed  the 
following  resolution  : 

"  Whereas,  We,  the  ladies  of  Canton,  being  wives,  mothers,  sisters, 
and  daughters,  have  experienced  the  dread  calamity  of  seeing  our 
husbands,  sons  and  brothers,  made  drunkards  by  the  lawless  rum- 
sellers  of  our  town,  and  having  seen  the  law  tried  to  be  enforced  in 
vain  ;  and  wherea«,  those  engaged  in  the  damning  business  of  rum- 
selling  have  been  appealed  to  in  vain  by  moral  suasion,  to  desist 
and'save  the  peace  of  our  families;  we  have  therefore,  in  defense  of 
our  firesides,  and  with  a  view  to  save  from  destruction  those  most 
dear  to  us  on  earth,  been  comjielled  to  destroy  the  spirituous  licjuors 
in  our  city,  and  it  is  now 

"Besolred,  That,  as  often  as  the  practice  is  resumed  in  Canton  or 
vicinity,  we  will  rid  ourselves  of  its  curse, — peaceably  if  we  can, 
forcibly  if  we  must. 

"  Ointoti,  April  4,  1856. 

"Thus  was  li(pior — at  least  until  a  new  stock  could  be  procured 
— put  don-n  by  the  ladies  of  Canton. 

"  During  the  day  s(>vfral  fights  occurred,  between  parties  who 
were  in  sympathy  with  the  ladies  on  the  one  side  and  with  the 
saloon-keepers  on  the  other." 


532  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


CHURCHES, 


Mcfliodisi  CJiKrch. — Rev.  Jesse  Walker,  the  first  Methodist 
]ircaclier  iit  Canton,  was  a  missionary  to  the  settlement  between  the 
Illinois  and  Mi-sissii)[)i  rivers,  and  to  the  Indians  in  the  vicinity  of 
Fort  Clark  (now  Peoria).  This  was  in  1824.  Previous  to  Kev, 
Walker's  appitintment  to  this  eharire — the  Military  Traet — Jesse 
Walker,  a  loeal  ])reaeher,  and  his  wife,  John  Honor  and  wife,  Chas. 
Neweomb  and  wife,  John  Orendorif  and  wife,  Isaac  Swan  and 
wife,  Benoni  Haskin  and  wife,  Mr.  I^  irnes  and  wife  and  others  met 
and  worshi])ed  in  ("anton,  Jesse  Williams  sometimes  preached 
for  them.  It  is  prol)al)le  that  he  was  the  first  ])reac]ier  in  Canton, 
He  lived  near  Canton  until  lSo'2.  Jesse  W  alker  organized  the  so- 
ciety in  Canton  in  1<S24.  In  the  spring  of  1824  the  Missouri  Con- 
ference was  divided  and  the  Illinois  Conference  organized,  embracing 
Hlinois  and  Indiana.  Canton  was  regularly  suj)plied  by  traveling 
ministers  from  the  above  date  until  is;]2.  Peter  R.  Barring  was 
the  first  jiastor  of  Canton  Circuit.  During  the  ministration  of 
Father  Sumoiers  they  built  the  first  church.  He  had  found  a  small 
skeleton  of  a  building  that  stood  on  the  ground  now  occupied  by 
the  residence  of  Mr,  Babeock.  This  building  had  been  jnished 
down  and  was  carried  away  in  })iecemeal,  even  to  the  foundation. 
They  then  erected  a  small  building  on  the  site  of  the  present  M.  E, 
church,  which,  however,  was  unroofed  by  the  storm  of  1835.  Rev, 
P.  A,  Cool  is  the  present  Pastor, 

PreKhi/frrian  Chnrcli. — This  Church  was  formed  Sept.  13,  1828, 
Rev.  John  M.  Ellis  presiding,  and  consisting  of  the  f  dlowing  ])er- 
sons :  Nathan  Jones,  Samuel  Mallory,  William  Proctor,  Robert 
Grant,  Jane  Grant,  Matilda  Jones  and  Elizabeth  Jacobs,  The  two 
first  named  were  chosen  Elders.  Rev,  Ellis  jireached  from  II 
Sam,  vi,  11,  The  following  resolution  was  adopted  at  a  meeting 
held  in  Canton  July  4,  183U:  ''Believing  that  the  use  of  ardent 
spirits  is  the  cause  of  forming  intemperate  appetites  and  habits,  and 
that  while  it  is  continued  the  evils  of  intemperance  can  never  be 
j)revented,  the  members  of  this  Church  do  agree  that  avc  wjll  abstain 
from  the  use  of  distilled  spirits,  except  as  a  medicine  in  case  of  sick- 
ness or  for  external  apj)licatioii,  and  that  we  will  not  allow  the  use 
of  them  in  our  families,  and  neither  give  nor  sell  them  to  our 
neiglil)ors  or  friends  or  j^ersons  in  our  emjdoyment,  and  that  we 
will  discountenance  the  use  of  them  in  all  ways  in  the  community," 
Rev,  H,  Smith  presided  as  moderator  of  this  meeting.  Rev,  L, 
Farnuni  and  Rev,  R.  Barnes  were  ministers  of  this  Church  in  the 
county  in  1831  ;  Rev,  Robert  Stewart  from  1834  to '38  ;  Samuel  C. 
McCune  from  1840  to  'oO;  Isaac  Bennett  from  1851  until  his  death 
June  16,  185(5;  Rev,  Geo,  Stebbins  for  six  months;  Rev.  J,  V. 
Dodge  from  May  24,  1857,  until  March  1859;  Rev,  James  Coch- 
ran ;  Rev,  C.  Reed  from  18()5  to  1808,  and  Rev,  Josiah  Moore  from 
18(J8  to  1873,  when  July  (5  of  that  year,  Ixcv,  S,  C,  McCune,  the 
present  Pastor,  again  received  a  call.     The  division  of  the  Presby- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  533 

terian  Ciiureli  of  Canton   we  give   iu  the  sketeli  of  the  Congrega- 
tional Chureli. 

Conr/ref/ational  Church. — On  the  13th  of  Se})tember,  1828,  a  Pres- 
byterian Chnreh  of  seven  members  was  formed  in  Fulton  eonnty. 
This  Church  had  two  plaees  of  inciting,  Canton  and  Lewistown.  In 
less  than  two  years  its  membership  increased  to  8i>.  In  August, 
1831,  it  was  cletermined  that  Kev.  Messrs.  Barnes  and  Farnum 
coramenee  their  labors  in  the  county  as  ministers  of  this  Church. 
Rev.  Romulus  B;u-nes  found  his  j)rinei])al  work  at  Canton.  In  1834 
Rev.  Robert  Stewart,  who  in  a  vigorous  old  age  is  still  engaged  in 
the  work  of  the  ministry  in  this  State,  becanu'  Pastor. 

In  September,  1838,  a  document  appears  rich  with  the  savor  of 
the  times,  as  follows  : 

"Whereas,  Our  Church  has  become  largo,  and  infected  with  some  of  the 
prevailing  heresies  and  disorders  of  the  times,  ^vhi(■ll  are  niiiintoined  and  ])rac- 
ticed  in  our  midst;  and  whereas,  errors  are  tanizlit  and  received  which  are  at 
variance  witli  tlie  Bil)le  and  our  Confession  nf  Faith,  and  ))ersons  are  received 
to  membership  from  other  denouiinatii>ns  with  all  tlieir  prcjuilices  alive 
against  our  doctrines  and  order,  and  without  l)eing  refpiired  to  renounce  them  ; 
and  whereas,  these  disorders  are  Ijcconung  every  day  more  glaring  and  l)are- 
faced,  and  our  Church  as  a  body  has  virtually  rejected  its  own  systen  of  iloc- 
trines  and  order;  therefore, 

"  Resohrri,  That  we,  the  undersigned.  Elders  and  members  of  this  ( 'Inu-cb,  will 
continue  to  revere  and  maintain  tiie  doctrines  and  order  of  our  ('liutcii  in  this 
place  as  the  Presbyterian  Ciiurch." 

This  document,  which  is  not  found  upon  the  records  of  the  Church 
whose  history  we  are  now  giving,  was  signed  by  2  elders  and  18 
members.  Here  was  the  point  of  division  of  the  Canton  Presby- 
terian Church.  From  it  two  Churches  sprang,  the  New  School  Pres- 
byterian, now  tiie  Congregational,  and  the  Old  School  Presbyterian, 
both  of  which  claim  t<»  be  the  original  Church.  In  the  sj)ring  of 
1844  the  church  jjroperty  was  amicably  divided  between  the  two  or- 
ganizations. In  January,  1841,  a  committee  was  a})pointed  to  draft 
a  plan  for  re-organizing  this  Church.  In  February  the  report 
was  read,  received,  and  withdrawn  upon  permission.  March  27  a 
constitution  for  a  new  organization  was  otl'crcd.  It  was  amended 
and  adopted  A])ril  (j.  The  name  of  the  New  School  Presbyterian 
Church  of  Canton  was  then  given  it.  May  22,  1841,  Rev.  L.  Spen- 
cer began  his  labors  with  the  Church.  At  a  meeting  held  Jan.  29, 
1842,  it  was  voted  "  that  a  committee  be  appointed  to  draft  a  con- 
stitution and  rules  for  organizing  a  Congregational  Church."  The 
committee  reported  February  4th,  and  the  report  was  adoi)ted. 

In  April,  1857,  a  surplus  of  funds  for  the  current  expenses  of  the 
Church  was  reported  and  the  salary  of  th(>  jiastor  was  raised  from 
$600  to  §800.  It  was  determined  to  build  a  new  house  of  worship. 
A  cash  subscription  of  >^(j,000  had  been  secured  for  this  purpose; 
the  foundation  had  been  laid  and  the  building  being  erected,  when 
the  financial  crash  of  18r)7  shattered  the  plans  of  the  building  com- 
mittee. Thev  were  obli<red  to  borrow  monev  to  iinish  the  basement, 
which  was  entered  for  worship  Jan.  1,  1858. 


534  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

At  an  aniuKil  tnc'ttin<i'  in  1.SG4  the  records  state  as  follows:  "The 
Presbyterian  C'hiiroh  havino;  apj^ointecl  a  committee  to  confer  with 
a  like  committee  of"  the  C'oiigretrational  ('hiirch  on  the  subject  of  the 
union  of  the  two  Cluirehes,  Rc.ho/ red ,  That  we  entertain  tlie  ])ro- 
position  and  a])j)()int  J.  H.  Ross,  J.  AV.  lufjersoil,  F.  ]Mc('ut('hen, 
S.  Brown  and  1).  \V.  A^ittuni  as  that  committee."  The  committee 
subsequently  reported  that  the  two  committees  had  agreed  upon  a 
formula  of  doctrine  for  the  united  Church  and  upon  a  basis  of  union. 
The  report  was  acceptcnl  and  the  powers  of  the  committee  enlarged, 
to  carry  out  the  financial  arrangements  preparatory  to  the  union. 
The  new  Church  was  to  take  the  name  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
of  Canton.  The  church  organized  with  a  session,  was  to  stand  inde- 
})endent  for  two  years,  after  which  time  a  vote  would  be  taken  to 
decide  with  which  of  the  two  General  Assemblies  they  would  con- 
nect. Failing  of  a  two-thirds  vote  in  favor  of  foreign  ecclesiastical 
connection,  the  Church  continued  independent ;  but  as  often  as  once 
a  year  a  vote  w'as  to  be  taken  until  by  a  two-thirds  vote  the  eccle- 
siastical relations  of  the  Church  were  detonnincd.  The  incumbrance 
upon  the  property  of  the  Congregational  Church  was  to  be  removed 
and  the  Presbyterian  portion  of  the  united  Church  was  to  complete 
the  building.  Such  harmony  and  interest  i)revailed  in  th^  Church 
committees  and  such  the  api)arent  tide  of  j^opular  feeling  in  both 
Churches  that  the  union  was  considered  an  accomplished  fact.  ^Vhen 
the  committees'  plan  of  union  was  prepared  for  popuhir  action  in  the 
two  Churches,  a  very  small  and  implacable  minority,  originally 
Congregationalists,  gave  their  votes  against  it  in  this  Church,  and 
in  the  Presl)yterian  Church  a  majority  of  three  was  against  it.  Thus 
the  measure  fell  through. 

In  1805  the  Pastor  presented  his  resignation.  The  gloom  of  this 
period  was  intense.  Arrears  in  current  expenses  to  the  amount  of 
$400  was  found  and  the  permangnt  debt  rolling  up  its  interest  for 
years.  Rev,  Henry  Mills  was  invited  to  visit  the  Church  and  a 
temporary  engagement  was  made,  Karly  in  LSGG  a  serious  ellbrt 
was  made  to  remove  the  Church  debt,  which  amounted  to  $11,500. 
This  was  all  relinquished  and  the  edifice  was  completed,  and  on  the 
loth  of  the  following  January,  when  it  wa>  dedicated,  all  the  indebt- 
edness had  been  j)aid  and  825  in  the  treasury.  There  had  been 
raised  for  all  jmrj)oses,  including  the  relin(|uishment  of  claims, 
1^20,851  ,(><).  This  Church  edifice  is  a  fine  structure,  with  500  sittings 
in  the  main  audience  room,  and  the  lecture  and  prayer  rooms  below. 

Mr.  Mills  left  the  services  of  the  Church  in  October,  18(36,  when 
Rev.  Henry  liates  was  called  as  supply,  and  Aug.  15,  1807,  he  be- 
came Pastor.  He  continued  to  serve  the  Church  until  Jan.  19,  1879. 
May  1,  1879  Rev.  Henry  Mills  was  recalled  as  Pastor.  The  mem- 
bershij)  is  10(5.  In  the  Sunday-schools  are  180  scholars.  Total 
contributions  for  Church  purj)()ses  82,271.30.  /The  record  of  this 
Church  upon  the  reforms  of  the  period  has  been  very  honorable. 
The  session  of  the  original  Presbyterian  Church  held  July  4,  1830, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  535 

passed  a  resolution  ujion  the  use  of  distilled  spirits  -svhich  takes  tlie 
mostadvaneed  position.  At  a  meeting  April  4,  1848,  seven  resolutions 
were  passed  on  the  subjeet  of  slavery,  Avhieh  by  word  and  emphasis 
evinces  a  deep  anxiety  to  be  rid  of  all  shadow  of  resj)onsibilitv  for 
the  hateful  system.  About  a  vear  after  the  oro-nnization  of  the  Ton- 
gregational  Church  avc  find  it  called  together  to  rej)U(liate  and  de- 
nounce as  sfea//H/7,  acts  which  had  ])revi()usly  been  tolerated,  justi- 
fied and  even  performed  by  men  of  Christian  ]n"ofession  and  stand- 
ing. This  was  the  taking  of  timber  from  lands  of  non-residents, 
the  apology  being  that  such  owners  ought,  if  not  willingly  then  un- 
willingly, to  share  the  burthen  of  the  settlement  of  this  country,  by 
which  their  land  actpiired  value.  The  resolutions  were  short  and 
crisp.  There  is  something  of  the  challenge  in  them,  for  in  a  period 
of  excitement  it  M-as  ])0j)ularly  charged  that  the  Congregational 
Church  had  stolen  timber  in  their  house  of  worshij).  The  truth  is, 
the  material  was  furnished  and  this  church  erected  by  contract,  and 
an  insignificant  sub-contract  was  filled  with  stolen  tind)er;  but  fi)r 
this  the  Church  had  no  responsibility. 

Baptid  Church. — The  germ  of  this  ( "Inircii  bears  an  earlier  date 
than  any  other  in  the  Illinois  River  Bai)tist  Association.  On  the 
14th  day  of  June,  1833,  a  council  was  called  at  the  house  of  William 
Spencer,  in  Banner  township.  Elders  John  Logan  and  Gardiner 
Bartlett  were  present  and  a  Church  of  four  members  was  consti- 
tuted.* These  members  were  Elder  John  Clark  and  William  Spencer, 
Anna  Clark  and  Kachel  Spencer,  and  the  Church  was  called  the 
United  Baptist  Ciiurch  of  Duck  Creek.  The  meetings  of  the  Church 
were  held  in  private  houses  until  July,  1837,  when  it  asssumed 
the  name  of  the  Canton  church.  It  then  mnnbered  37  mend)ers. 
During  that  year  it  was  dismissed  from  the  Salem  Association  and 
united  with  the  Illinois  River  Association.  Previous  to  this  they 
were  supjilied  with  preaching  oidy  part  ofthe  time.  In  November 
of  the  same  year,  Elder  G.  B.  Perry  became  Pastor,  and  continued 
in  that  relation  f  )r  3  years.  During  the  first  two  years  they  met  at 
times  at  the  Methodist  church  and  at  other  times  in  j)rivate 
houses,  and  again  in  the  college  edifice,  whicii  was  subsequently  de- 
molished by  a  severe  storm.  Their  first  house  of  worship  was  dedi- 
cated on  the  fourth  Sunday  of  October,  18;')i).  It  cost  about  §],")()(), 
and  \\;as  at  the  time  the  best  house  of  worship  in  the  Military  Tract. 
Elder  Isaac  Newell  became  Pastor  of  the  Church  Nov.  11,  1840, 
and  closed  his  labors  here  in  November,  1843.  Elder  Isaac  Mer- 
riam  preached  as  a  supply  for  three  months.  In  July,  1844,  Elder 
Alba  Gross  became  the  Pastor,  and  June  7,  184<),  resigned.  The 
Church  had  no  Pastor  from  this  time  till  June,  1847,  when  Elder 

■*It  is  claimeil  by  some  that  Isanc  <".  Johnson,  Phoebo  (Dean)  Johnson, 
James  Spencer,  Rachel  Spencer,  Elder  West,  Mrs.  West  ami  Mrs  P.reeil  i)an(le(l 
themselves  together  an<l  constitnted  the  first  P>aptist  Church  of  Canton ;  fol- 
der West  l)eing  the  first  preaclier,  and  that  the  first  meetings  were  held  in  his 
house.    This  must  have  occurred  in  the  fall  of  1835  or  '36. 


536  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Erastus  Miner  became  Pastor.  He  closed  the  Pastorate  March  26, 
1848.  Elder  Simon  G.  Miner  was  the  next  Pastor,  commencing 
his  Uibors  Xov.  20,  1848.  Their  meeting-house  soon  became  too 
small  and  measures  were  taken  to  build  a  more  commodious  struc- 
ture. Their  present  editice  was  comjileted  in  February,  lHo',>,  at  a 
cost  of  §1 3,000.  It  is  55  by  87  feet  in  size,  with  a  basement  11 
feet  high,  containing  a  lecture  room  and  other  smaller  rooms.  The 
old  structure  stood  up(»n  ground  just  to  the  rear  of  the  present 
building,  and  is  now  the  Catholic  Ciiurch.  Elder  H.  G.  Weston 
preached  the  dedicatory  sermon  in  February,  1853.  The  member- 
ship in  1851  was  453;  in  1857  it  had  increased  to  526. 

Elder  Miner  served  the  Church  as  a  Pastor  until  Dec.  22,  1860, 
with  the  exception  of  one  year  from  Oct.  30,  1858.  Elder  A.  B. 
Bolton  began  his  labors  as  Pastor  Aug.  18,  1861,  and  continued  till 
Aug.,  1864,  where  he  resigned.  In  March,  1865,  Elder  AV.  R.  Webb 
accepted  the  position  and  served  until  Oct,  1,  1870.  Elder  D.  H. 
Cooley  entered  upon  the  pastorate  of  the  Church  Jan.  1,  1871. 

First  Xew  Jerusalem  Ciiiirch  {'^iredenhorf/iati)  was  organized  as 
earlv  as  1840.  Amongthe  original  members  were  John  F.  Randolj)h 
and  family,  Jonas  Rawalt  and  family,  G.  G.  Trites  and  family  and 
Chas.  Barnard.  The  congregation  first  worshiped  in  an  old  foundry 
building  that  stood  northwest  of  the  Scpiare  one  block.  Then  for 
one  or  two  years  they  worshiped  in  an  old  church  building  which 
stands  near  the  Presbyterian  Church.  They  then  ])urchaseda  frame 
carpenter  shop  which  stood  two  blocks  east  of  the  Scjuare  and  fitted 
it  up  and  worshiped  there  until  1876,  when  they  erected  their  new 
editice  on  East  Union  street  three  blocks  east  of  the  Square.  This 
is  perhajis  the  finest  church  structure  in  the  county.  It  is  built  of 
red  brick  and  trimmed  with  ]Slilwaukee  ])ressed  brick,  and  was 
erected  at  a  cost  of  between  S4,000  and  §5,000.  The  jiresent  mem- 
shi])  number  about  50.  The  Trustees  are  G.  G.  Trites,  Jonas 
Rawalt  and  Theodore  I^arnard.  The  Pastor  is  Rev.  L.  O.  Barler, 
of  Chicago.  The  Pastors  who  have  served  the  congregation  are, 
first.  Rev.  I).  .1.  R.  Hihbard,  then  Dr.  James  L.  Millrose,  Revs. 
Preston,  Bartell  and  Dr.  G.  X.  Smith. 

T^nifed  Brethren  (Viurch. — This  Church  was  organized  May  1, 
1869,  with  60  members,  under  the  ministration  of  Rev.  James 
Wornnoni ;  Trustees — E.  B.  Parvin,  W.  B.  Shinn,  and  J.J.  Baugh- 
man.  They  met  then  in  the  old  Protestant  Methodist  church  build- 
ing; now  they  meet  in  a  neat  building  which  fi>rnu'rly  belonged  to 
the  Presbvterians,  and  which  thcv  spent  8525  in  fixing  up.  Pres- 
ent Trustees— H.  S.  Ronk,  P.  Wages  and  J.  Shields;  Pastor,  Rev. 
T.  Smith;  present  membership  70;  annual  contribution  S800 ; 
Church  in  a  more  prosperous  condition  than  it  has  ever  been.  Sun- 
day-scho(d  attendance,  40;  J.  l*richard,  Superintendent. 

Episcopcd  Methodist. — This  i)eoj)le,  known  also  as  the  Southern 
Methodists,  have  a  large  brick  church  building  in  this  city.  It 
stands  one  block  from  the  northeast  corner  of  the  Square  and  was 


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HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  539 

erected  in  186G  or  '67.  Rov.  Gilniore  is  Pastor  and  resides  in  the 
p:irson:\o:o  j.nst  west  of  the  })iiil(lini>;.  The  (•ono;rc(2:ation  was  oro;an- 
ized  (hiring  the  war  by  nuMnl)ers  of  the  MetluxHst  Episcopal  Church 
who  were  dissatisfied  with  the  strong  war  sentiment  generally 
vailing  among  that  ])eoj)lc. 

Lutheran  Chnrch. — The  C*anton  congregation  is  at  present  not  in 
a  prosperous  condition.  They  employ  no  regular  Pastor.  Their 
church  edifice,  a  large  frame,  stands  a  few  doors  from  the  southwest 
corner  of  the  Square. 

Chrisfidji  C/iiircJi. — The  Christian  Church  at  Canton  was  estab- 
lished Feb.  17,  187S,  and  has  a  mcmbershiji  of  ()2.  The  place  of 
meeting  is  at  the  old  Jjutheran  church  on  Elm  street,  and  the  time 
11a.  m.  and  8  p.  m.  Elders,  H.  E.  Puette  and  D.  Auld  ;  Deacons, 
Preston  Sebree  and  Sam'l  Smith  ;  Treasurer,  Prof.  J.  Hiller;  Clerk, 
Sam'l  Smith.     Sunday  School  9  :30  A.  M. ;  Sam'l  Smith,  Su])t. 

Cafhollc  Chitrch. — The  Roman  Catholics  of  Canton  have  a  church, 
which  is  located  in  the  eastern  part  of  the  city.  The  Church 
is  at  present  in  a  prosperous  condition  and  has  as  members  some  of 
the  leading  citizens  of  the  citv. 

NORRIS. 

The  little  village  of  Norris  is  upon  the  northeast  quarter  of  sec- 
tion 8  of  this  townshij).  It  is  upon  the  Canton  and  Farmington 
township  line,  and  is  surrounded  by  as  fine  farming  community  as 
the  county  can  boast  of;  but  being  so  near  Canton  its  trade  can 
never  assume  any  great  pro])ortions. 

PERSONAL    SKETCHES. 

As  a  country  grows  older  the  more  interesting  and  valuable  is  its 
biographical  history,  and  not  only  so,  but  the  best  writers  of  the 
country  are  advocating  the  more  general  reading  of  this  class  of 
literature  by  tlie  young,  believing  it  to  exert  a  b(>ttcr  influence  upon 
them  than  any  other  (dass  of  the  literature  of  the  day.  With  these 
thoughts  in  view  and  in  justice  to  the  veterans  who  have  made  this 
townshij)  and  city  what  it  is  we  append  brief  personal  sketches  of 
many  of  them.  Nor  do  we  forget  those  who  to-day  are  actively  en- 
gaged in  life's  labors. 

Daniel  Ahhoff,  State's  Attorney,  was  born  in  Eulton  Co.,  May 
21,  1838.  He  was  educated  at  the  Farmington  schools  and  I^om- 
bard  University,  Galesburg,  III.  He  commenced  his  legal  studies 
in  1859,  and  read  law  two  and  a  half  years.  He  was  aduiitted  to 
the  Bar  in  January,  18(5(3,  and  l)egan  the  practice  of  his  profession 
at  Canton  in  ^Slarch  of  that  year.  He  has  served  as  Mayor  of  Can- 
ton for  two  terms,  City  Attorney,  Alderman,  etc.,  and  has  been 
State's  Attorney  since  1872,  having  been  re-elected  in  1876.  He 
fills  this  office  with  the  ability  that  has  so  uniforndy  characterized 
the  gentlemen  who  have  filled   the  position  from  the  time  Hon. 

33 


540  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Thomas  Ford  was  appointed.  As  an  official,  a  leading  lawyer  and 
a  representative  citizen,  we  give  Mr.  Abbott's  ])ortrait  in  this  vol- 
ume. 

Jacob  Abbott,  attorney,  was  born  in  Farniington  township,  Fulton 
Co.,  111.,  April  1,  1850.  During  his  boyhood  he  had  the  advan- 
tages of  the  country  schools  only,  and  at  the  age  of  19  attended  the 
Canton  high  school  0  months.  In  jNIarch,  1872,  he  began  his  legal 
studies  with  his  brother,  Daniel  Abbott,  in  whose  office  he  read 
law  for  three  years,  teaching  school  each  alternate  six  months. 
At  the  spring  election  of  1875  he  was  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace; 
was  re-elected  in  1877  for  4  years,  and  also  elected  City  Clerk  of 
Canton.  He  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  July  4,  1876.  "  Dec.  20, 
1876,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Sarah  A.  Lawrence,  of 
Canton,  and  daughter  of  Wm.  and  Sarah  (Coleman)  Lawrence. 
William,  born  March  30,  1878,  is  their  only  child. 

John  Bangs  Allen,  lumber  dealer,  is  a  native  of  Enfield,  Mass., 
where  he  was  born  Oct.  3,  1825.  His  parents,  John  and  Anna 
(Bangs)  Allen,  moved  to  Fredonia,  N.  Y.,  in  1834,  and  to  Ohio  in 
1836.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  learned  the  carpenter's  trade,  the 
vocation  of  his  father,  and  in  1846  came  to  Canton,  and  has  been 
identified  with  the  carpentering,  building  and  lumber  business  of 
Canton  to  the  ])resent  time.  In  1860  he  formed  a  partnership  with 
James  H.  Murphy,  to  do  a  general  carpenter  and  bnilding  business, 
and  they  have  put  up  many  fine  buildings  in  this  city.  In  1862  the 
firm  opened  a  lumber  yard,  and  they  received  the  first  car  of  lumber 
shipped  to  Canton  over  the  C,  B.  <S:  Q.  railroad.  The  firm  was 
dissolved  in  1872,  Mr.  Murphy  retiring.  ]\Ir.  A.  was  married  in 
1851  to  Sarah  A.  K.  Dunlaj),  and  has  a  family  of  5  children. 

Stephen  Alward,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Somerset  Co.,  N.  J. 
In  1823  moved  to  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  and  Aug.  22,  1836,  came  to 
Illinois  with  his  wife  and  4  children, — Sarah,  Esther,  Benj.  and 
Phoebe.  He  first  located  in  Canton  and  followed  farming.  In 
1848  he  went  to  live  with  his  son  Benjamin,  where  he  resided  till 
his  death  in  1855.  His  wife  died  in  1875.  Her  maiden  name  was 
Joanna  Pool.  Benjamin  Alward  married,  in  March,  185(5,  Eliza  Hol- 
comb,  of  Peoria  Co.  They  have  10  children  living,  whose  names 
are:  Harry  J.,  Ida,  Elizabeth,  Frank,  George,  Charles,  Guy  H., 
Grace  J.,  Carrie  L.  and  Mabel  I.  II is  eldest  son,  John  H.,  died  in 
1873,  at  the  age  of  17.  Mr.  H.  has  a  fine  farm  of  260  acres.  He 
built  the  first  store-house  at  Norris,  and  carried  on  the  stock  and 
grain  bnsiness  and  general  store  there  for  five  years. 

Henry  V.  Andrews  was  born  in  Madison  Co.,  O.,  June  16,  1815, 
and  is  son  of  Luman  and  Elizabeth  (Clarke)  Andrews,  who  came  to 
Illinois  in  Ang.,  1820,  and  located  on  Farm  creek,  Tazewell  Co. 
Both  his  parents  died  at  Fort  Clark,  now  Peoria,  in  1822.  His 
mother  was  well  and  remarked  that  she  wonld  die  within  3  days, 
and  sure  enough  ere  the  expiration  of  that  time  was  a  corpse.  Her 
husband  never  spoke  after  learning  of  her  death,  and  he  died  within 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  541 

5  weeks.  Thus  in  a  wild  ecnmtrv  were  3  skirls  and  a  boy  left  fath- 
erless and  motherless.  Of  them  our  subject  is  the  only  one  now 
living.  He  went  to  live  with  his  sister,  Mrs.  D.  W.  Barnes.  Many 
were  the  hardships  experienced  by  Mr.  A.  and  he  undoubtedly  has 
the  most  vivid  memory  of  early  life  here  of  any  man  in  this  county. 
He  was  married  to  Sarah  Shane  Feb.  25,  1840,  in  Peoria  Co.  She 
is  daughter  of  James  Shane.  They  have  a  family  of  8  children  liv- 
ing, and  2  dead.  Hervey  lives  in  Peoria,  Elizabeth,  Kate,  deceased, 
Irene,  David,  deceased,  George,  xVbner,  Frank,  Sadie,  C'orwin.  Mr. 
A.  lives  upon  sec.  16.  He  is  the  oldest  settler  residing  in  the  tp., 
having  located  here  in  1822  with  David  W.  Barnes. 

A.  C  Babcoch,  of  Canton,  is  one  of  the  prominent  and  representa- 
tive men  of  the  city.  He  is  an  active  politician  and  has  been  chair- 
man of  the  Republican  State  Central  Committee,  and  one  of  the 
best  campaign  managers  of  the  State. 

William  Babcock,  sen.,  Avas  born  in  New  York  July  15, 1823,  and 
came  to  Canton  in  1844,  bringing  a  large  stock  of  goods,  and  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  business  for  some  years.  He  built  the  first  mill 
and  distillery  in  Canton,  which  were  at  that  time  the  largest  and  best 
in  the  State.  The  business  w^as  conducted  in  the  name  of  "A. 
Babcock."  Mr.  B.  also  became  engaged  in  farming  and  raising 
stock,  especially  horses.  He  has  the  celebrated  trotting  horses,  Gov. 
Sprague  and  Kate  Sprague.  He  has  been  a  large  land-owner,  hav- 
ing iield  22,00(1  acres  at  one  time.  He  has  now  4,000  acres  under 
cuhivation.  He  married  Miss  Elizabeth  A.  Kinsey,  a  native  of 
Ohio,  in  1851.  They  have  had  0  children:  Chas.\4.,  Wm.  B., 
Anna  Watkins,  Elizabeth,  Frank,  deceased,  and  Joim  S. 

Geo.  T.  Jhiriinrd,  farmer,  sec.  30,  is  a  son  of  Theodore  and  Sarena 
(Trites)  Banuird,  and  was  born  in  this  township  in  1846.  In  1869 
he  married  Nannie  Brout,  of  Canton  tp.  His  fother  was  born  in 
Troy,  N.  Y.,  in  1812,  and  came  to  this  county  with  his  father,  The- 
odore Barnard,  sr.,  in  1835,  who  settled  on  sec.  31,  Canton  tj).  He 
was  a  widower  with  4  children  :  Jane,  Harriet,  Theodore,  and  Mary. 
He  lived  on  this  ])lace  till  his  death,  in  1861,  at  the  age  of  83  years. 
His  son,  Theodore,  now  lives  on  the  old  homestead. 

James  H.  Bans,  of  the  firm  of  James  II.  Bass  &  Bro.,  dealers  in 
hardware  and  agricultural  implements.  This  business  was  estab- 
lished in  1868  by  Jas.  H.  Bass  &  Co.,  dealing  principally  in  hard- 
ware and  stoves.  In  1874  the  present  firm  was  formed,  and  does 
an  extensive  business  in  haidware  and  agricultural  implements  of 
all  kinds,  mostly  of  the  ^Nloline  manufacture.  That  their  business 
is  extensive  is  shown  from  their  large  sales,  which  average  |30,000 
to  §35,000  ayear.  Mr.  B.  was  educated  at  Canton  public  schools  and 
Jubilee  College,  Peoria  Co.  He  is  a  native  of  this  county,  having  been 
born  here  in  1843. 

Michael  Baijlor,  deceased,  father  of  Isaac  Baylor,  was  a  native  of 
New  Jersey.  He  and  his  wife,  Ann  Lyda,  came  to  this  county  in 
1846,  and  resided  on  a  farm  just  south  of  Canton  for  20  years.    They 


542  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

brought  a  large  family  ot'cliiklren  whose  name.sare  -.Margaret,  Isaac, 
John,  George,  Washington,  Elizabeth,  James,  and  Isaiah.  The  last 
mentioned  died  (juite  young;  the  others  are  all  living  in  this  county. 
Isaac  Bavlor  married  Mary  Ann  Wise,  of  New  Jersey;  she  died  in 
Nov.,  1859,  leaving  two  children, —  Kmma  and  (ieorge  W.  Two  of 
his  brothers,  Washington  and  James,  are  living  with  him.  Three  of 
the  sons  of  Michael  Baylor  served  in  the  army  during  the  Kebellion. 
AVashington  served  3  years  in  the  103d  111.  Inf.  The  regiment  was 
in  23  battles,  including  Sherman's  march,  and  he  was  in  all  except 
one,  and  never  received  but  one  slight  wound.  James  served  in  the 
51st  111.  Inf.  one  year,  mostly  in  Texas.  George  was  also  in  the 
army  and  very  severely  wounded,  from  the  effects  of  which  he  has 
not  recovered,  and  probably  never  will     He  lives  at  Guba. 

/.  G.  Bidamon,  Postmaster  at  Ganton,  was  born  at  Hillsborough, 
O.,  Oct.,  1<S47;  was  brought  to  Ganton  when  one  year  old  and  has 
remained  here  ever  since.  He  was  a})])ointed  Postmaster  in  1870, 
and  holds  the  office  at  present.  His  father,  Ghristian  Bidamon,  was 
born  in  Virginia  and  came  to  Ganton  in  1847;  he  was  Townshij) 
GoUector  for  a  number  of  years,  and  was  appointed  Postmaster  by 
President  Lincoln  in  1861.  He  died  in  1870  and  was  succeeded  by 
his  son. 

John  Blackadore,  saddler  and  harness  manufacturer,  is  a  native  of 
the  Gounty  Antrim,  Ireland,  and  came  to  the  Gnited  States  with 
his  parents  in  1821,  who  loeatcd  on  a  farm  G  miles  from  Pittsburg, 
Pa.,  where  he  lived  nntil  1829,  when  he  began  to  learn  his  trade  at 
Pittsburg  and  worked  till  '34.  He  carried  on  his  business  m 
Sharpsburgh,  Ky.,  for  8  years,  and  in  1842  came  to  Illinois,  and 
located  at  Ganton  July'  2,  184;>.  He  bought  the  stock  of  Mr. 
Hatchee,  then  carrying  on  a  saddle  and  harness  shop,  and  has  con- 
tinued in  business  at  the  same  stand  since.  He  built  the  first  brick 
store  or  shop  in  Ganton,  which  was  burnt  in  1868  and  rebuilt  on  a 
larger  scale  the  same  year.  Again,  July  25,  1878,  his  building  was 
burnt,  and  again  he  rebuilt  the  same  year.  Mr.  B.'s  parents  were 
George  and  Mary  (Alexander)  I51ackadore.  He  was  married  in  1848 
to  Elizabeth  Ferguson,  mIio  has  borne  5  children.  Mary  H,  Geo. 
F.,  John  L.,  all  living,  and  Almira  J.  and  Emma  E.,  deceased. 

//.  G,  I)()/fott,  boot  and  shoe  dealer,  was  born  at  New  Gastle-on- 
Tyne,  Eng.,  in  1837;  came  to  Pennsylvania  in  1842,  and  to  Gan- 
ton in  1860,  bringing  a  stock  of  boots  and  shoes,  and  established 
himself  on  the  northeast  corner  of  the  Square  where  he  r(>mained 
for  12  years,  since  which  time  he  has  been  in  his  present  location, 
on  the  east  side  of  the  S(juarc.  He  has  been  successful  and  has 
.sold  as  hicrh  as  §45,000  worth  of  boots  and  .shoes  in  a  vear.  This 
was  nearly  the  first,  if  not  the  first,  exclusive  boot  and  shoe  store 
in  C^anton. 

I)r.  ir.  7).  Bolton  was  born  in  England  in  1826;  came  to  the  U. 
S.  in  1844  and  to  Ganton  in  1861,  and  was  Pastor  of  the  Baptist 
Ghurch  from  1861  to  '65,  but  practiced  medicine  during  that  period 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  543 

and  to  the  present  time.  His  father,  John  Bolton,  came  to  Canton 
with  a  family  of  4  boys  and  1  girl,  whose  names  are:  W.  B.,  John 
C,  practicing  medicine  in  Peoria,  H.  C.  and  J.  B.,  both  in  the  shoe 
bnsiness  in  Canton.     His  father  now  resides  at  Cuba. 

kSaiiiKel  Brc'dslci/,  miller,  was  born  in  Trenton,  X.  J.,  March  15, 
1813.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  jNIaria  V.  Conover, 
grand-daughter  of  Dr.  Henry  Vandever,  of  New  Jersey,  on  the 
3()th  of  Jan.,  1833.  Seven  cliildrcn  have  been  born  to  them,  4  of 
whom  are  now  living.  He  commenced  the  milling  l)usiness  at 
Pekin  in  Jan.,  18(j2,  removed  to  Canton  in  186G,  and  now  owns  the 
large  flour-mills  of  this  city.  He  lost  one  son  in  the  army  during 
the  Rebellion. 

William  Henry  Broicn. — Snmucl  Brown  and  Lois  Buswell,  his 
WMfe,  came  to  this  county  in  June,  1839,  and  located  on  sec.  29, 
Canton  township.  Mr.  B.  was  a  native  of  Winchendon,  Mass.,  and 
was  born  Jan.  14,  1804,  and  died  July  29,  1872;  his  father  was 
Asaph,  son  of  Samuel  Brown.  It  is  a  very  old  family,  dating  back 
in  the  histoty  of  America  jirior  to  1700.  His  wife's  ])arcnts  were 
John  and  liebecca  (DeMary)  Buswell,  the  former  a  son  of  Samuel 
Buswell,  who  came  to  this  country  in  the  Mayflower.  Samuel  Brown, 
who  came  to  this  country  in  1837,  had  a  fiimily  of  5  children  :  Lucia 
M.  married  Henry  R.  Turpin  and  lives  at  Prairie  City,  111. ;  L.  R. 
lives  at  the  old  homestead;  Mary  A.  died  in  1856;  Geo.  S.  died  in 
185(3,  and  Wm.  H.,  the  name  that  heads  this  sketch,  now  owns  and 
lives  at  the  old  homestead.  His  mother  is  living  with  him  at  the 
age  of  78  years. 

Elijah  A.  Capps  was  born  in  Lassiter  Precinct,  Randolj)!!  Co.,  N. 
C,  in  1797.  His  parents  were  Dempsey  and  Sarah  (Pool)  Capps, 
who  moved  to  Ohio  in  1801,  where  they  lived  till  1838,  the  year 
the  subject  came  to  this  county  bringing  both  his  parents,  who  are 
now  deceased.  He  settled  on  a  farm  in  Buckheart  township  where 
he  lived  till  I860,  when  he  moved  to  Canton.  He  was  married  in 
Highland  Co.,  O.,  in  1823,  to  Rebecca  Walter  of  Grayson  Co.,  Va., 
who  is  still  living  at  the  ripe  old  age  of  85.  Mr.  C.  has  held  about 
all  the  local  offices,  and  has  been  a  member  of  the  Methodist  Church 
for  66  vears.  His  wife  has  also  been  a  member  for  many  years. 
Their  family  consisted  of  7  children,  5  of  whom  are  living, — James 
C,  Sarah  J.,  Elizabeth  R.,  Lettice  L.,  deceased,  Martha  Ann,  de- 
ceased, MaryE.  and  Maria  A. 

Bc))jaiain  F.  iliainherx,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  1  ;  P.  O., 
Norris  ;  was  born  Oct.  21,  183:5 ;  is  a  native  of  Monmouth  Co.,  N.J. 
He  came  to  this  county  in  May,  18(56,  and  located  on  sec.  1,  and 
first  lived  in  a  log  house,  but  the  next  fall  built  the  commodious 
frame  in  which  he  now  resdes.  His  parents  were  Benjamin  and 
Paulina  (Anderson)  Chambers,  of  New  Jersey,  both  deceased  ;  the 
former  died  in  Illinois  in  1875,  the  mother  in  New  Jersey  in  1843. 
Mr.  C.  was  united  in  marriage,  March  1,1872,  with  Eleanor  Strick- 
land, of  Ocean  Co.,  N.  J.,  and  daughter  of  Barkalow  and  Abigail 


544  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COrXTY. 

(Bennett)  Striekland.  They  have  a  family  of  o  eliildren  :  Florence, 
Frankie  Ella,  Elliott  Augustine,  Walter  B.,  Lula  May.  They  also 
have  a  ne|)hew,  Wni.  Franklin  Cook,  living  with  them,  who  came 
from  New  Jersey  in  Nov.,  1878.  They  have  lost  '2  chiklren  since 
coming  to  the  countv  :   Harrv  and  Stella,  who  died  in  infancv. 

C/iarles  B.  Churchi//,  jr.,  i\  native  of  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  came 
to  this  county  in  1837,  bringing  with  him  his  father,  mother  and  4 
brothers,  and  located  on  a  iarm  in  Putman  tp.  In  1842  bought  a 
farm  on  sec.  32,  Canton  tp.,  and  partly  broke  the  land  and  raised 
crops;  there  was  no  house  on  the  })lace,  and  he  tented  it  while 
attending  his  crops.  In  1845  he  went  to  South  Carolina,  Georgia, 
and  other  Southern  States,  engaged  in  trade;  was  in  Florida  <luring 
the  Florida  war;  returned  from  the  South  in  1850  and  married  that 
year  Miss  Louisa  Hurlburt  and  moved  on  his  farm.  They  have  3 
daui:;hters  and  one  son.  The  Churchills  are  a  verv  old  familv. 
Samuel  Churchill  lived  in  Westerfield,  Hartford  Co.,  over  £C0  years 
ago.  A  large  brick  house  built  at  that  time  is  still  standing  in  good 
condition.  Capt.  Charles  Churchill  was  a  son  of  Samuel  and  a 
Captain  in  the  Continental  army.  Levi  Avas  a  son  of  Charles  and 
held  a  Captain's  commission  under  Washington  during  the  Revo- 
lution. Charles  B.  Churchill  was  son  of  Charles,  who  served  in  the 
war  of  1812.  Chas.  B.,jr.,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  is  son  of 
Chas.  B.  The  Churchills  are  deeondants  in  a  direct  line  from  an 
Enu;lish  duke  bv  the  name  of  John  Churchill.  Chas.  B.  died  at 
his  son's,  C.  B.,  jr.,  Sept.  17,  1878,  at  the  age  of  93. 

Dr.  A.  B.  Clough  was  born  in  Vermont  in  1828  ;  went  to  ^fassa- 
chusetts  in  1843,  to  New  York  City  in  '4f>,  and  came  to  Illinois  in 
'55  He  was  educated  in  Vermont  and  began  the  practice  of  med- 
icine in  '63  as  an  allopathist  and  continued  to  practice  that  system 
until  8  years  ago,  when,  having  made  a  study  of  homeopathy,  he 
adopted  that  system. 

A.  L.  Coleman  was  born  Sept.  2,  1821,  and  came  with  his  father, 
John  Coleman,  from  New  Jcrsev.  He  rememl)crs  when  Lidians 
were  numerous  through  this  section.  They  used  to  come  to  his 
father  to  have  blacksmithing  done.  The  Indian  trails  were  the  on- 
ly paths  leading  to  Galena  and  Peoria,  then  called  Ft.  Clark.  The 
first  boat  he  remembers  on  the  Illinois  was  the  Shingle-Weaver, 
which  made  shingles  as  it  went  alou":.  He  was  married  to  Miss  Marv 
Fiddler,  a  native  of  Ohio.  Elizabeth,  Geo.  F.  and  Josephine  are 
the  children  who  have  been  born  to  them. 

Henri/ S.  Co.s"/<'/-,  deceased.  Mr.  C.  was  born  in  1S31  in  Mont- 
gomery Co.,  O.,  and  was  the  son  of  Lewis  and  Elizabeth  (Dom- 
bough)  Cosier.  He  came  to  Douglas  Co.,  HI.,  in  1854,  and  this 
county  in  18(58.  He  mirried  R?becca  Steele,  of  Ohio,  at  Dayton,  in 
Sej)t.,  54.  He  died  June  15,  1879,  at  hi>:  home  in  Norris.  halving  a 
widow  and  5  children.  The  children's  names  are  :  John  B.,  Rosetta, 
Florence  A'ictoria,  Lillie  ^lay  and  Ulysses  S.  Mr.  C.  was  promi- 
nent in  Sunday -school  matters  and  devoted  much  time  to  this  good 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  545 

cause.  For  5  years  he  was  Superintendent  of  the  school  held  at 
Curtis'  school-house,  and  of  the  Cottonwood  school  2  y«ears.  He 
and  his  wife  were  members  of  the  same  church  all  their  lives,  and 
during  the  last  few  years,  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Robert  a  Calton  was  born  in  IMarysville,  Tenn.,  Feb.  13,  1804, 
and  his  parents  moved  to  Lexington,  Ky.,  when  he  was  but  4  years 
of  age.  He  served  an  apprenticeship  at  blacksmithing  in  Kentucky, 
but  owing  to  the  evils  of  slavery,  sought  a  free  State.  In  1823  he 
opened  a  shop  in  Indiana,  and  in  183(>  came  to  Canton.  Desirous 
of  starting  a  blacksmith  shop  here  he  began  looking  around,  either 
to  buy  an  established  business  or  start  a  new  one.  At  that  time 
there  were  5  shops  in  town,  and  he  noticed  that  all  of  them  except 
one  kept  a  jug  of  whisky  on  the  bench  free  to  customers.  In 
Ira  Baker's  shop  nothing  of  that  kind  was  kept.  This  made  a  fav- 
orable imjiression  upon  Mr.  C. ;  so  he  bought  him  out.  Besides 
blacksmithing  he  erected  the  following  year  a  building  suitable  for 
wool-carding,  carrying  on  this  business  till  '52,  customers  coming 
from  the  Mississippi  river,  Springfield,  etc.,  to  have  wool  carded. 
Mr.  C.  has  been  identified  with  the  business  of  Canton  for  43  years. 
He  has  always  been  a  strict  temperance  man.  He  united  with  the 
Presbyterian  church,  Aug.  26,, 1823,  and  has  been  a  consistent  mem- 
ber since,  serving  as  Elder  for  38  years.  He  was  married  July  18, 
1823,  at  Livonia,  Ind.,  to  Ary  A.  Ferguson,  who  died  in  June,  1845. 
He  married  again  at  Canton  Mrs,  Eliza  (Campbell)  llawalt,  de- 
ceased. He  married  his  present  wife,  Mrs.  Mary  P.  Lamond,  in 
1856.  She  was  formerly  Miss  Kelsey,  and  a  native  of  Thomaston, 
Maine. 

Lathi'op  Willis  CffrZ/.s-,  deceased,  was  l)orn  in  Hanover,  N.  H.,  Jan. 
9,  1800,  and  died  March  25,  1879.  His  father  was  Joseph  Curtis, 
of  Mansfield,  Ct.,  and  was  a  Lieutenant  in  the  Revolutionary  war; 
his  mother,  Saraii  (Danis)  Curtis,  was  a  native  of  New  Hampshire. 
Mr.  C.  came  to  tiiis  county  Dec.  10/32.  He  was  a  physician  and 
practiced  here  for  several  years,  but  the  necessarily  long  rides  of  a 
physician's  practice  in  a  new  country,  exposure,  etc.,  ruined  his 
health,  when  he  partially  discontinued  his  practice  and  engaged  in 
farming.  He  was  married  at  Hanover,  N.  H.,  April  3,  1826,  to 
Louisa  Wright,  daughter  of  Royal  and  Diantha  (Martin)  Wright, 
of  Connecticut.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  C.  had  a  family  of  9  children,  6  of 
whom  are  living, — Samuel  M.,  Mary  Perry,  Royal  Joseph,  Lucy 
M.,  Chas.  W.  and  Amelia  Annette.  S.  M.and  R.  J.  live  at  Panora, 
Iowa.  Mary  P.  is  the  wife  of  Marshall  Pittman,  Bridgeville,  N.  J. 
Lucy  M.,  wife  of  Rev.  Wm.  Watson,  Amelia  A.,  wife  of  Samuel 
Lommason,  of  Ringgold  Co.,  Iowa;  Chas.  Wright  is  carrying  on  the 
homestead  farm.  He  married  Emelinc  Stout  in  Jan.,  1876.  They 
have  two  ciiildrcn, — Lydia  Louisa  and  Margaretta  May.  Mrs.  C. 
lives  at  the  homestead  farm  near  Norris. 

Peter  Y.  Custer  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1818,  where  the 
family  had  lived  for  several  generations.     He  came  to  Fulton  Co. 


546  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

in  the  s]>King  of  18.")7,  wluTi'  lie  has  .since  engaged  in  farming.     He 
jnarried  Miss  Hannah  Alhright  and  has  a  familv  of  6  ehildren. 

Peter  Da'dij  was  born  in  the  Parish  of  Kilskyre,  County  of  Meath, 
Irehind,  in  18'2G,  and  is  the  son  of  Gerald  and  Frances  (Flo(»d) 
Daily,  who  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1853.  Peter  first  came  to  this 
county  in  185G  and  located  at  Canton,  and  erected  a  brick  building 
the  same  fall.  He  had  learned  the  bricklaying  and  mason  trade  in 
New  Jersey,  and  has  followed  that  business  in  connection  with  con- 
tracting and  building  extensively  in  Canton,  putting  up  no  less  than 
43  buildings,  including  the  opera  house,  whicli  he  owns,  and  also 
owns  9  dwellings  besides  the  fine  one  in  which  he  resides,  which  is 
one  of  the  most  attractive  jilaces  in  the  county.  He  owns  several 
farms  in  this  county  and  also  in  Texas,  Kansas  and  Nebraska, 
all  of  which  he  has  accumulated  by  his  own  personal  exertions.  He 
was  married  in  New  Jersey  in  1854  to  Ann  ^IcGinnis,  who  died  in 
1868,  leaving  a  family  of  2  children, — Joseph  and  Gerald.  He 
married  his  present  wife,  Johanna  McMahon,  in  1872,  by  whom  he 
has  3  children, — Elizabeth  J.,  Mary  F.  and  Agnes  A. 

William  0.  Dean,  manufacturer  of  cigars.  Mr.  D.  was  l)orn  in 
Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  12,  1844,  and  came  to  this  county  in 
1856.  His  present  business  w^as  established  in  1869  by  G.  M.  Arm- 
strong and  himself  under  the  firm  name  of  Dean  &  Armstrong,  and 
remained  the  same  until  Jan.,  1879,  when  Mr.  D.  bought  out  his 
partner's  interest.  There  are  employed  in  the  exclusive  manufac- 
ture of  cigars  in  this  extensive  establishment  some  25  to  30  hands, 
6  of  whom  are  females.  He  turns  out  annuallv  1,200,000  to  1,500,- 
000  cigars,  the  value  of  which  is  from  840,000  to  850,000. 

C.  C.  Deveij  was  born  in  Hanover,  X.  H.,  August  9,  1826.  His 
father,  Oliver  Dewey,  came  to  Canton  in  the  fall  of  1832.  Mr.  D. 
entered  business  with  his  brother,  R.  W.,  with  a  stock  of  dry-goods 
and  general  merchandise  in  1849,  and  continued  till  1870,  when  the 
partnership  was  dissolved,  Mr.  C.  C.  continuing  business  until  1874, 
when  he  sold  out. 

Edward  Page  Deicey,  one  of  the  old  settlers  of  the  county,  was 
born  in  Hanover,  N.  H.,  Feb.  4,  1817.  His  parents,  Oliver  Dewey 
and  Jeminui  Dewey,  nee  Wright,  came  to  the  county  in  1832.  Mr. 
D.  was  married  at  the  age  of  25,  and  3  years  later  moved  upon  an 
80-acre  farm  on  sec.  11  of  this  township  where  he  resided  till  1856  ; 
then  he  moved  into  Canton,  where  he  continues  to  reside.  ^Ir. 
Dewey's  wife's  maiden  name  was  Anna  Maria  Shinn.  They  were 
married  Sept.  1,  1842.  The  following  are  the  names  of  their  chil- 
dren :  RoswcU  W .,  Sarah  P.,  Chas.  Arthur  and  Eliza  Maria.  Har- 
riet Henriette,  the  eldest,  died  at  the  age  of  11,  and  Stephen,  an 
infant,  also  dead. 

Boswcll  W.  Drtrei/,  of  the  dry-goods  firm  of  A.  AV.  Dewey  &  Co., 
Canton.  Mr.  D.,  who  is  one  of  the  t)ldest  merchants  in  the  city, 
was  born  in  Hanover,  X.  H.,  in  1824,  and  was  brought  to  Canton 
in  the  fall  of  1832  by  his  parents,  Oliver  and   Jemima  (AVright) 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  547 

Dewey.  His  father  was  a  carpenter  by  trade,  but  followed  farming, 
and  until  Roswell  was  15  years  of  age  was  raised  upon  the  farm. 
At  that  time  he  came  to  Canton  to  attend  school,  then  went  to  clerk- 
ing for  his  uncle,  Joel  Wright,  in  a  general  store.  In  184S)  he  went 
into  business  with  his  brother  under  the  firm  name  of  R.  W.  &  C. 
C  Dewey,  Joel  Wright  being  a  silent  partner  until  '55,  and  the 
firm  continued  under  that  name  till  1870,  when  R.  W.  retired  from 
business.  In  October,  1874,  he  again  embarked  in  business  with 
his  son  Alfred  W.  In  1849  he  married  Miss  Sarah  E.  Shinn, 
daughter  of  Isaac  and  Maria  Shinn,  of  Harrison  county,  Va.  Their 
children  are:  Alfred  W.,  Maria  J.,  Francis  H.,  M.  Addie  and  Har- 
riet V. 

B.  ir.  Dewey,  of  the  firm  of  Dewey  &  Divilbiss,  dealers  in  dry- 
goods,  hats,  caps,  etc.,  was  born  in  Canton  in  1845.  His  parents 
are  Edwin  Page  and  Anna  M.  (Shinn)  Dewey,  the  former  a  native 
of  Hanover,  N.  H.,  and  his  mother  of  W.  Ya.  He  received  his 
education  at  the  Canton  schools  and  at  Hedding  College,  Abingdon, 
111.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  JNIiss  Clara  L.,  daughter  of 
Thomas  L.  Porter,  of  Mt.  Pleasant,  Iowa,  March  15,  1876.  Mr. 
D.  enlisted  in  1864  in  the  lo4th  111.  Inf.,  Co.  H,  serving  in  Kentucky 
and  Missouri. 

Uriah  W.  Dickson  was  born  in  1818,  in  Nelson  Co.,  Va.  His 
parents,  John  and  Nancy  (Woods)  Dickson,  were  both  natives  of 
the  Old  Dominion,  where  they  both  died.  jNIr.  D.  came  to  Illinois 
in  1838,  located  at  Galena  and  engaged  in  the  lead  mines.  He 
came  to  this  county  in  1842  and  settled  in  Deerfield  township,  and 
farmed  until  a  few  vears  ago,  when  he  retired  from  active  labor.  He 
was  married  to  Ruth  Ann  Mills  in  1842.  She  died  in  1864,  leav- 
ing 2  children, — Enoch  M.  and  Jacob  M.  He  married  again,  this 
time  to  Laura  A.  Williams.  Mr,  D.  was  Supervisor  for  Deerfield 
for  14  years,  School  Treasurer  12  years,  and  filled  all  other  offices 
except  Collector.  He  never  was  sued  in  his  life,  but  sued  the  C,  B. 
&  Q.  R.  R.  Co.  He  and  his  wife  were  greatly  injured  by  a  team  of 
horses  running  away  with  them,  which  were  frightened  by  an  en- 
gine. He  sued  the  company  and  recovered  $8,000,  after  8  years' 
litigation.     At  first  he  offered  to  take  $3,000. 

James  U.  Dirilhiss,  of  the  dry-goods  firm  of  Dewey  &  Divilbiss, 
is  a  sou  of  William  and  Evaliue  (Feidt)  Divilbiss,  of  Franklin 
Co.,  Pa.,  the  native  place  of  James  U.  They  came  to  this  county 
in  1850  and  remained  until  1873,  when  they  moved  to  Farmer's 
City,  111.,  where  they  now  reside.  In  the  fall  of  1865  Mr.  D.  en- 
tei'ed  the  store  of  J.  W.  Ingersoll  as  salesman,  remained  for  three 
and  a  half  years  and  accepted  the  same  position  in  the  store  of  R. 
W.  &  C.  C.  Dewey.  At  the  ex))irati()n  of  one  year  R.  W.  Dewev 
retired  from  the  firm  and  he  remained  with  C.  C.Dewey  for  4  years. 
In  1874  he  formed  a  partnership  with  R.  W.  Dewey  under  the  firm 
name  of  Dewey  &  Divilbiss,  and  bought  the  stock  of  C.  C.  Dewey. 
The  firm  has  remained  the  same  to  the  present  time,  carrying  one 


548  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

of  the  largest  stock  of  goods  in  the  county  and  meeting  with  general 
success. 

James  Bonn  ^'  Bro.,  liardware  merchants,  gun-makers  and  dealers. 
This  firm  occupy  one  of  tiie  finest  store-rooms  in  Canton,  being 
181i  feet  in  depth  bv  22  feet  wide.  Ninetv  feet  in  front  is  stored 
with  hardware,  guns,  cutlery,  etc.,  and  91 2-  feet  in  the  rear  is  devoted 
to  t4\e  manufacture  of  guns.  This  firm  represents  one  of  the  im- 
port^mt  l)usiness  interests  of  Canton.  They  make  a  specialty  in  the 
manufacture  of  the  best  grade  of  breach-loading  guns  after  the  lat- 
est improved  models,  varying  in  price  from  §50  to  §250.  They 
have  a  reputation  second  to  none  in  the  State  in  the  manufacture  of 
superior  goods.  The  business  was  establisiied  by  James  Doun  in 
April,  1850,  in  a  small  building  on  Main  street,  north  of  the  Square, 
he  doing  all  his  own  work  with  n;)  power  excepting  hand.  He 
occupied  tiiis  building  for  6  years  with  an  average  business  of  §G00 
per  year.  He  removed  to  the  west  side  of  the  Square  and  remained 
till  '67  when  he  formed  a  partnership  with  his  brother,  AVm.  Donn, 
jr.,  and  removed  to  the  north  side;  and  in  1872  moved  to  their 
present  place  on  tiie  west  side,  where  they  do  a  business  of  §50,000 
per  year.  The  parents?  of  these  gentlemen,  ^^  m.  and  Catharine 
(Thompson)  Donn,  are  among  the  old  settlers  of  Fulton  Co.  They 
were  natives  of  Perth,  Scotland.  James  was  born  in  Lake  Co.,  111., 
and  married  Ellen  Rawalt  in  1871.  Ellen  is  their  only  child.  Wm. 
Donn,  jr.,  is  a  native  of  Canton  and  was  born  in  1849 ;  he  was  mar- 
ried Nov.  28,  1878,  to  Belle  Thompson. 

Joseph  Drake,  farmer,  see.  29,  is  a  native  of  Sussex  Co.,  N.  J., 
and  is  the    son  of  Ebenezer  and   Prudence  (Sutton)  Drake.     Mr. 

D.  came  to  this  county  in  1848,  located  at  Canton  and  engaged  in 
merchandising  under  the  firm  name  of  Vittum,  Drake  &  Co.  for  6 
years,  and  from  1854  to  '61  was  engaged  in  the  same  business  in 
Prairie  City.  During  the  war  was  engaged  in  general  trading  in 
the  Southern  States.  He  moved  his  family  to  Canton  in  1863,  and 
afterwards  engaged  in  business  at  Santa  Fe,  Xew  Mexico.  He  mar- 
ried Sarah  J.  Vittum  in  1850  and  had  a  family  of  8  children,  5  liv- 
ing: A.  M.,  jeweler  at  Canton  ;  Martin,  Eugene,  Stephen  A.Doug- 
las and  Fred  are  living  at  the  homestead.  Mr.  D.  has  been  turning 
his  attention  to  slieep-feeding,  having  about  600  to  800  head  per 
year.  In  '78  he  sold  400  head  that  averaged  145  pounds.  This 
lot  went  to  Euroj)e.  He  is  one  of  the  most  successful  sheep-feeders 
in   IIlin<»is. 

Au(/nxfns  Einori/,  farmer,  is  a  native  of  Ringe,  Cheshire  Co.,  X. 
H.,  where  he  was  born  Sept.  27,  1818.  Plis  father  was  Stephen 
Emory,  son  of  Stei)hen  Emory,  of  Salem,  Mass.,  whose  father  came 
from  England.  Tlie  grandfather  of  our  subject  was  a  soldier  under 
Washington  and  took  part  in  the  l)attle  of  Bunker  Hill.  His 
mother  before  marriage  was  P<»lly    Ingalls,   of  Binge,    X.  H.     Mr. 

E.  came  to  this  county  June  3,  1838,  and  lived  with  Samuel  Brown 
for  a  tim,",  and  engiged  in   selling  clocks   and   other  goods  through 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  549 

the  conntrv  for  o  years,  when  (1844)  in  company  with  Abel  II. 
Wliite,  he  went  to  Ohio  and  bonght  a  flock  of  1,.'>00  sheep,  which 
cost  on  arrival  here  49  cents  a  head.  Jeffrey  Maynard  owned  an 
interest  in  them.  Two  weeks  after  arrival  White  sold  his  for  $1.50 
a  head.  ]\Ir.  E.  kejit  his  and  has  not  been  out  of  the  sheep  busi- 
ness since.  He  married  Pamielia  Ellis  Nov.  1,  1865.  Herbert  is 
their  only  child.     He  was  born  Jan.  21,  '(i8. 

David  Fisher  Emry  came  to  this  county,  bringino;  a  family  of  5 
children,  Oct.  16,  1834.  His  children  were  Zillah,  David  E.,  Ma- 
tilda, Henry  and  Amelia.  Edith  Eisher  was  his  wife.  She  was 
born  near  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  and  was  married  in  the  year  1800.  jNlr. 
E.  was  of  German,  and  his  wife  of  German— English  descent.  Their 
son  David  F.,  who  is  to-day,  as  he  has  been  for  many  years,  promi- 
nently identified  in  the  history  of  the  county,  resides  in  this  town- 
ship and  is  engaged  in  farming.  He  is  one  of  the  oldest  surveyors 
in  the  county,  and  perhaps  none  have  surveyed  more  land  than  he. 
He  takes  especial  pains  and  pride' in  preserving  statistics,  etc.,  and 
had  a  niost  valuable  collection  in  his  residence  when  it  took  fire 
and  burned  to  the  ground.  The  family  was  away  from  home  at 
'  the  time.  He  is  a  pleasing  writer,  and  a  gtH)d  logician.  He  is  iden- 
tified with  the  Eulton  County  Eair  Association  at  present. 

Samuel  Es/ileman,  farmer,  sec.  5,  is  a  native  of  Franklin  Co.,  Pa., 
where  he  was  born  Jan.  10,  1816;  is  a  son  of  John  and  Martha 
(Hurst)  Eshleman,  both  natives  of  Pennsylvania,  and  of  German 
descent.  Mr.  E.  came  to  this  county  in  Ajn'il,  1847,  and  the  fol- 
lowing year  bought  the  fiirm  on  which  he  now  resides.  He  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Catherine  Defenbaugh  in  1843.  Mrs.  E. 
is  a  daughter  of  Samuel  Defenbaugh,  of  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.  Mary, 
Amanda  C,  David  A.,  Susan  E.,  Alice,  and  Annis  are  their  children, 
all  living.  They  lost  2  children:  Samuel,  age  18,  and  Martha  L., 
age  1  year.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church  for  25 
vears. 

Hiram  FcUoirs,  deceased,  came  to  this  county  as  early  as  1830. 
His  son,  Harrison  P.  Fellows,  who  now  resides  at  Norris,  was  born 
near  Watertown,  N.  Y.,  in  1816,  and  has  been  very  prominent  in 
the  affairs  of  the  county.     He  served  in  the  Black  Hawk  war. 

Thornion  H.  Flcriiiiu/,  M.  D.,  was  born  at  Richmond,  Va.,  in 
1811  ;  educated  at  Madison  College,  Lniontown,  Pa.,  graduating  in 
1831.  He  began  the  >^tudy  of  medicine  with  Dr.  John  B.  Phythian, 
of  that  place,  and  completed  his  studies  with  Dr.  Thomas  H.  Fow- 
ler, of  Belleville,  Pa.  He  j)ractice(l  medicine  5  years,  then  attended 
college  and  graduated  from  the  Ohio  ^ledical  College,  Cincinnati, 
in  1835).  He  came  to  Fulton  Co.,  in  1854,  locating  at  Liverpool, 
and  in  1859,  came  to  Canton.  He  married  in  June  1846,  Mary  Ann 
Nutt,  of  Fayette  Co.,  Pa.,  who  bore  hira  one  child,  Leroy  M. 

William  I.  Gearharf,  of  Wm.  I.  Gearhart  &  Co.,  furniture  deal- 
ers. This  business  was  established  over  40  years  ago  by  William 
Thompson.     In  1863  Mr.  G.  became  connected  with  the  business, 


550  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

and  the  following  year  Mr.  Thompson  died.  Mr.  G.  then  bought 
one-halt' interest  in  the  business,  of  his  widow  (who  was  his  sister), 
and  has  since  conducted  the  business.  Mr.  G.  first  came  to  this 
county  in  18;U*.  His  parents  were  Jacob  and  Mary  (Whitaker) 
Gcarhart,  who  came  to  the  county  at  the  above  date,  bringing  o 
chiklrcn  :  Elizabeth  (Thompson)  John  F.,  died  in  1874,  Angelina 
(Siiaifer),  Wni.  I.  and  Harriet  K  (Batchelder).  The  first  3  that  are 
living  reside  in  Canton,  the  otlier  in  Kansas.  Jacob  Gearhart,  his 
father,  died  in  3  weeks  after  his  arrival  in  1839. 

William  B.  Gleamn,  merchant,  first  came  to  Canton  in  1849,  re- 
maining one  year,  when,  taking  the  gold  fever,  he  went  to  Cali- 
fornia, where  he  followed  mining  and  the  hotel  business  at  Marys- 
ville  for  some  4  years,  and  returned  to  Liverpool,  this  county,  in 
1854;  clerked  in  store  of  W.  A.  Dickerman  tt  Co.  for  a  few  years 
and  afterwards  occupied  the  same  position  in  the  dry-goods  store  of 
J.  H.  Stipp  &  Co.,  Canton.  In  1869  he  bought  the  stock  of  J.  H. 
S.  &  Co.,  and  has  continued  business  since  that  time  on  his  own  ac- 
count, and  carries  one  of  the  largest  dry -goods  stocks  in  tiie  county. 
He  served  Canton  as  Mayor  two  terms ;  during  the  Rebellion  was 
appointed  Draft  Commissioner  for  Fulton  Co.,  but  the  district  being 
immediately  enlarged  to  include  several  counties,  Mr.  G.  declined 
the  position.  ^Ir.  (x.  organized  the  fir!<f  fire  de])artment  for  Can- 
ton ;  was  ap})ointed  chief  engineer  with  power  to  organize  it.  It 
consisted  first  of  a  hook  and  ladder  and  bucket  companies.  He 
afterwards  bought  for  the  city  a  hand  engine  which  was  used  for 
manv  years.  He  was  born  in  Northumberland,  X.  Y.,  Oct.  23, 
1S23,  and  is  tiie  son  of  Hiram  and  Catharine  (Romer)  Gleason,  of 
Saratoga  Co.,  X.  Y.  He  was  marrieil  to  Mary  A.  Cooper,  first,  and 
since  her  decease  was  married  to  Mrs.  Cordie  A.  Black,  who  has 
borne  him  one  child,  Win.  jr.,  born  Aj)ril  7,  1879. 

Mrs.  A.  T.  Gra/Kiiii  was  born  in  Cund)erUind  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1815, 
and  came  to  Canton  in  tlie  spring  of  1837.  John  G.  Graham,  her 
husl)and,  was  born  in  Saratoga,  X.  Y.,  in  1817,  and  came  to  Canton 
in  l'S3<!.  His  father  was  Hiram  Graham,  of  Xew  York,  and  his 
motlier  was  Polly  ((ileason)  (iraham,  from  the  same  county, — Sara- 
tov. There  were  5  chiklrcn  l)orn  to  John  (t.  and  wife.  The  eld- 
est  son,  ('has.  J.,  born  in  1844,  died  in  '47  ;  Klla,  died  in  June, '47  ; 
Carrie  J.,  born  Aug.,  1848 ;  Jolin  G.,  born  June  16, 1850  ;  Alice  L., 
July  3,  1854.  Mr.  Graham  was  twice  elected  to  the  Legislature 
and  to  the  State  Constitutional  Convention.  John  G.  Graham's 
father  died  when  he  was  an  infant,  and  he  therefore  had  to  work 
his  own  way.  He  educated  himself  and  made  of  life  a  success. 
He  came  west  first  as  an  engineer  on  the  old  C,  B.  <t  Q.  R.  R.  He 
brought  his  mother  and  other  members  of  his  family,  provided  for 
them  while  he  lived  and  left  them  in  afiiuence. 

Frederic/:  M.  (Jrant,  of  the  firm  of  Barrere  &  Grant,  attorneys, 
is  a  native  of  Orange,  Conn.,  wiiere  he  was  born  in  1838.  He  re- 
ceived   an    academic    education    at    the    Orange    Academv  and    at 


IIISTOEY    OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  551 

Smith's  Grammar  School,  the  latter  located  at  New  Haven.  He 
enlisted  as  private  in  Co.  F,  12th  Conn.  Inf.,  Sept.  18,  1861,  and 
was  promoted  2nd  Lient. ;  in  1862  was  appointed  1st  Lieut,  by  Gen. 
B.  F.  Butler  in  4th  La.  Native  Guards,  and  in  18();5  promoted  to 
Capt.,  and  starved  until  Jan.  12,  1866.  This  regiment  sfM'ved  in 
nearlv  all  the  battles  fought  in  the  Department  of  the  (iulf  1862-5 
inclusive.  The  following- morning  after  the  assault  on  the  enemy's 
works  at  Mobile  only  9  of  Capt.  G.'s  company  were  able  to  report 
for  duty,  the  rest  either  killed  or  wounded.  At  the  close  of  the  war 
Mr.  G.  located  at  Knoxville,  111.,  and  read  law  in  the  office  of  Judge 
Hannaman  and  ^Nlirch,  1860,  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  and  began  to 
practice  at  Galesburg,  and  was  City  Attorney  during  1870-1.  In 
Jan.,  1873,  came  to  Canton.  He  was  married  at  New  Haven,  Conn., 
in  1862,  to  Miss  Grace  Willoughby,  Geo.  B.,  Edna  W.  and  Clara 
L.  are  their  children. 

Ccipt.  David  Hiaake  was  born  in  Markham  township.  Upper 
Canada,  July  25,  1801.  He  came  to  Fort  Clark  (now  Peoria)  as 
early  as  1822  and  to  this  county  in  1827,  and  settled  on  a  farm, 
where  he  resided  for  48  years.  He  has  lived  in  Canton  during  the 
past  few  years,  having  partially  retired  from  business.  The  Cap- 
tain participated  in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  M'as  at  the  battle  with  the 
Indians  on  Rock  river  in  which  the  militia  were  defeated.  He 
received  his  commission  as  Captain  of  the  'V2nd  Reg.,  111.  INIilitia, 
from  Gov.  John  Reynolds.  It  is  dated  at  Yandalia,  111.,  Aug.  20, 
1833,  but  ranking  from  April  13.  His  parents  were  John  and 
Hannah  (Adams)  Haacke,  the  former  of  Holland,  the  latter  of  New 
York  city,  and  a  cousin  of  John  Quincy  Adams.  Ca])t.  H.  has 
been  married  4  times.  In  1823  he  married  Margaret  Barker,  of 
Tazewell  Co.,  deceased  ;  in  183(5  married  Sarah  Bull,  of  this  county. 
She  died  in  1843.  He  was  again  married,  this  time  to  Melinda 
Edwards,  of  this  county.  By  this  marriage  2  children  are  living, 
Margaret,  the  wife  of  Geo.  Hohnes,  of  Stark  Co.,  and  Amelia,  wife 
of  Lovel  Hamlin,  of  Canton.  He  married  his  [)rcsent  wife,  Mahala 
Louderbaek,  April  1,  1851.  They  have  3  children  :  Barbara,  living 
in  Stark  Co. ;  Sarah  lives  with  parents  ;  and  John,  of  Joshua  tj).  Mr. 
H.  is  one  of  the  very  few  early  j)ioneers  now  living,  and  his  ac- 
counts of  the  early  times  are  very  interesting,  as  also  those  related 
by  his  wife,  whose  parents  came  into  Schuyler  county  in  1823. 
We  give  in  this  volume  a  portrait  of  Capt.  Haacke. 

Jacob  H(i)m)n,  farmer,  sec.  2,  was  born  Nov.  14, 1821,  in  Fairfield 
Co.,  O.,  and  is  a  son  of  Abel  Hanson  and  Nancy  Kindall,  his  wife, 
of  Virginia.  They  came  to  this  county  in  J  848.  Abel  Hanson 
served  in  the  war  of  1812,  as  Corporal.  Jacob  was  married  in  1845, 
June  17,  on  sec.  2,  Canton  tp.,  to  Dorcas  L.  A.  Martin,  daughter 
of  John  C.  and  Delina  (Grover)  Martin,  of  New  Jersey,  who  were 
early  settlers  here.  They  have  a  funily  of  10  children  :  Wm.  H., 
John  M.,  now  in  Nebraska,  Sarah  E.,  Lvdia  A.,  Joseph  W.,  Jacob 
G.,  Samuel  Charles,  Abel  N.,  James  W.,  Benj.  F.  Uy.  H.  has 
been  School  Director  for  9  years. 


55"2  HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY. 

Joseph  V.  Harriii,  M.  D.,  is  a  native  of  Beallsville,  O.,  where  he 
was  born  Oct.  22,  1839.  He  received  an  academic  ediu-ation  und 
began  his  medical  studies  with  Dr.  J.  T.  McPiicrson,  ofFairview, 
O.,  and  read  with  liiin  for  3  years,  durino;  which  time  he  attended 
lectures  at  Starlinji'  ^^edical  College,  Cohuubus,  O.  He  enlisted  in 
the  65th  Ohio  Inf  Nov.  1,  1861,  and  was  appointed  Hospital  Stew- 
ard, attached  to  the  medical  staff,  and  performed  the  duties  of  As- 
sistant Surgeon  until  he  was  mustered  out  in  July,  1862.  He 
returned  to  Ohio  and  resumed  his  studies  until  June,  1865,  when 
he  came  to  Canton  and  began  the  practice  of  medicine.  He  attended 
Rush  Medical  College,  Chicago,  during  1870  and  graduated.  He 
w^as  appointed  Examining  Surgeon  of  applicants  for  U.  S.  pension 
by  the  Presdent  in  1870  aud  held  the  j)osition  until  '75.  He  mar- 
ried Miss  Ellen  S.  Plattenburg,  of  Canton,  in  Oct.,  1865  and  has  a 
family  of  2  children, — Ellen  E.  and  Josej)h  P. 

John  S.  Hazen  came  to  the  county  in  1829,  bringing  a  family  of 
9  children.  Mrs.  Hazen,  nee  Mary  Bird,  was  a  native  of  Sussex  Co., 
N.  J.,  as  also  her  husband.  They  came  from  New  Jersey  with  a 
horse  team  and  were  7  weeks  and  8  days  on  the  way.  Elisha  and 
Ziba  died  single.  Susan  married  Benjamin  H.  Moore,  deceased. 
She  is  still  living  on  the  old  homestead  on  sec.  20.  Mr.  Moore 
came  to  the  county  with  his  mother  and  two  brothers,  Eugene  and 
John,  in  1837.  They  both  became  Baptist  ministers.  Eugene  is 
still  living.  John  died,  leaving  a  widow  and  4  children.  Mr.  Moore 
was  a  more  than  ordinary  j)ublic-s])irited  man,  and  took  a  deep  interest 
in  all  educational  matters.  Benevolent,  his  hands  were  always  ex- 
tended to  those  less  fortunate,  but  deserving.  He  was  a  member  and 
Deacon  of  the  Baptist  Church  for  20  years.  He  left  a  widow  and  1 
child,  Mary  Ann,  now  the  wife  of  Washington  Kandolph. 

George  Hemenover,  farmer,  sec.  ]5,  came  to  this  county  in  18-14, 
and  located  on  a  quarter  of  section  15,  built  and  lived  in  a  s])lit 
log  cabin  for  2  years,  and  has  lived  on  this  place  ever  since.  He 
Avas  born  in  Sussex  Co.,  N.  J.,  near  Newton,  in  1819,  and  is  the  son 
of  Matthias  and  Margaret  (Boyd)  Hemenover.  He  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Susan,  daughter  of  Robert  Mills,  near  Newton,  N.  J., 
Dec.  17,  1843.  He  brought  wife  and  ouechild  Mary,  to  this  county; 
other  children  born  here.  Amanda,  deceased,  married  John  Bell ; 
Amos;  Surilda  ;  Emma,  wife  of  Samuel  Bovard  ;  George,  deceased, 
and  Andrew.  Both  he  and  his  wife  united  with  the  liaptist  Church 
in  1845.  His  wife  died  Dec.  22,  1878,  and  was  laid  at  rest  in  the 
Canton  cemet(>ry. 

Hon.  ir.  //.  Hemenover,  was  born  in  the  town  of  Byron,  Sussex 
Co.,  N.  J.,  July  4,  1822,  where  his  father  had  been  a  merchant  for 
many  years;  was  so  ready  to  take  an  interest  in  public  affairs  that 
at  the  early  age  of  twelve  years  he  had  acquired  the  sobriquet  of  the 
"  Boy  Politician  ;"  he  even  made  speeches  in  favor  of  Democracy  ; 
between  12  and  20  years  of  age  he  learned  the  printer's  trade,  in  the 
office  of  the  Sussex  County  Herald,  was  then  foreman  in  the  office, 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  553 

and  lastly  editor  for  three  years ;  next  he  was  proprietor  of  the 
Warren  County  Journal  at  Belvidere,  N.  J,,  for  3  years;  was  elected 
Mayor  of  Belvidere  two  terms  ;  then  State  Printer  one  term  ;  then 
proprietor  of  the  Hudson  Counfij  Democrat  at  Hoboken,  N.  J.,  the 
leading  Denu>cratic  paper  in  Southern  New  Jersey,  and  the  first  ))aper 
in  the  United  States  to  raise  the  name  of  James  r^)iu'hanan  for  the 
Presidency, — which  act  was  afterwards  personally  recognized  by  an 
invitation  from  Mr.  Buchanan  to  meet  him  and  his  niece  at  the 
White  House.  Mr.  H.  was  elected  Police  Magistrate  in  Ploboken, 
and  then  a  member  of  the  Legislature,  overcoming  an  ojiposing  ma- 
jority of  about  400;  again  State  Printer  one  term,  and  then  in  18o<S 
came  west  and  reported  the  speeches  of  Lincoln  and  Douglas ;  being 
attracted  by  this  country,  he  emigrated  hither  with  his  familv  the 
same  year  and  settled  on  a  farm  five  miles  west  of  Prairie  Citv  ;  in 
1860  changed  his  residence  to  Fulton  count}',  where  he  has  been  en- 
gaged in  farming,  working  a  coal  mine,  merchandising  and  the  hotel 
business:  he  is  now  proprietor  and  landlord  of  the  Canton  House  at 
Canton.  He  was  the  first  to  move  in  getting  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  rail- 
road promptly  completed. 

The  Hemenovers  are  of  German  ancestry.  Anthony  Heraenover 
came  from  Moravia,  Germany,  to  America  before  the  Revolution, 
gave  aid  and  comfi)rt  to  the  jxitriots  at  Valley  Forge;  his  son  was 
George,  who  married  Phoebe  A ngcline  Allen,  a  descendant  of  Ethan 
Allen  of  Ticonderoga  fame,  and  they  were  the  parents  of  W.  H. 
The  latter,  Aug.  24,  1845,  married  Julia  D.  Barton,  who  was  born 
March  (),  1826,  in  Stockholm,  N.  J.,  a  daughter  of  Andrew  D.  Bar- 
ton, a  native  of  Sussex  Co.,  N.  J.  The  Bartons  were  of  Irish 
descent.     Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  have  6  children  living. 

Samuel  R.  Henkle  came  to  this  county  with  his  parents,  Samuel 
and  Anna  (Pickard)  Henkle,  in  1851,  from  Washington  Co.,  Md., 
and  settled  on  sec.  19,  Joshua  tp.  They  had  a  family  of  8  children  : 
Mary  A.,  John  R.,  deceased,  Susan,  Sarah,  S.  R.,  P^lizabeth,  Anna, 

C.  and  Simon.  Samuel  Heid<le  died  Jan.  19,  1877,  and  his  wife, 
Oct.  19,  1878,  and  were  laid  at  rest  jn  the  Lutheran  Cemetery, 
Joshua  tp.  Elizabeth  and  Ann  are  living  on  the  old  homestead. 
Mary  married  John  A.  Shoop,  is  a  widow,  and  lives  on  sec.  12, 
Joshua  tp.     Her  husband  died  in  the  army.     Susan    is   the   Avife  of 

D.  C.  Negley,  Canton.  Sarah  married  Jacob  H.  Laney  and  lives  in 
McDonough  Co.  Samuel  R.  married  Minerva  F.  Randolph  and 
lives  on  sec.  19,  Canton  tp.  Simon  married  Anna  Walker  and  lives 
in  Joshua. 

David  Hess,  of  the  firm  <»f  Hess,  Moorehouse  &  Saville,  j)ro|)ri('- 
tors  of  the  woolen-mill.  These  gentlemen  began  in  this  mill  in 
Nov.,  1877.  It  was  orignally  owned  by  J.  G.  Piper,  and  built  by 
him  in  1852.  He  sold  it  to  a  company  who  ran  it  for  several  vears. 
This  firm  manufacture  eassimeres,  satinets,  blankets,  jeans  aiid  all 
kind  of  yarn,  and  also  do  custom  work.  This  firm  also  run  the 
woolen  mills  at  Ipava.     The  capacity  of  the  Canton  Mills  is  about 


554  HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 

50,000  pounds  of  wool  per  year  manufactured  into  yarn  and  cloth. 
Mr.  Hess  married  Sarah  J.  Boswell,  daucrliter  of  Ezekiel  Boswell, 
an  early  settler,  now  deceased.     They  have  3  boys  and  o  girls. 

C.  D.  Hoblitt,  baidvcr,  was  born  Jan.  20,  1833,  near  Atlanta, 
Logan  Co.,  HI.  In  Aug.,  1840,  his  father  Mahlon  Hoblitt,  moved 
to  Canton,  and  lived  here  until  1848,  when  he  returned  to  Logan 
Co.  Mr.  Hoblitt's  first  wife  was  Carrie,  daughter  of  Dr.  Nathaniel  B. 
Childs.  She  died  March  10,  1801,  leaving  one  child,  Florence  Lil- 
lie.  He  was  married  to  his  present  wife,  Mrs.  Helen  T.  Mitchell, 
in  June,  1864,  They  have  4  children  :  Maggie  Smith,  Susie  Belle, 
Charlie  D.,  and  Hattie  E.  Mr.  H.  has  been  engaged  in  the  bank- 
ing business  for  the  last  11  years,  and  has  been  proprietor  of  the 
People's  Bink,  Canton,  for  several  years.  He  was  elected  ^Nlayor  of 
the  city  in  1874,  and  has  served  as  Deputy  Collector  of  internal 
revenue.  The  Hoblitts  are  of  German  descent.  The  first  known 
to  have  come  to  this  country  was  Michael  Hoblitt,  who  came  al)out 
1775  and  settled  in  Pennsylvania.  This  was  the  great-grandparent 
of  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  His  grandparent  was  John  Hoblitt, 
who  came  to  Logan  countv,  111.,  in  182G. 

H.  H.  Hoffmen).  Martin  Hoffman  was  l)orn  in  Germary  in  1825  ; 
came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1834,  and  settled  at  Mt.  Vernon,  O. ;  moved 
to  Oregon,  Mo.,  in  1852.  In  consequence  of  the  disrupted  condi- 
tion of  Missouri  he  came  to  Canton  with  his  family  in  '62  and  resided 
here  until  his  death,  aged  51  years  and  11  months.  In  1847  he 
was  married  to  Miss  llebecca  flayers,  at  Mt.  Vernon.  She  died  in 
Canton  Jan.  17,  1867,  aged  42.  Sept.  3,  1871,  he  married  ]Mrs. 
Agnes  Gibson,  in  Canton,  who -survives  him.  Martin  Hoflnian  was 
the  father  of  9  children,  8  of  whom  are  living, — H.  M.,  E.  E.,  H. 
H.,  Justus,  C.  C,  R.,  Jennie  B.  and  Stella. 

Jo/i»  (J.  Horiisfein ,' d\6t\\\er,  was  born  in  Sagerstown,  Crawford 
Co.,  Pa.,  in  1837;  came  to  this  county  in  1856;  married  Lizzie 
Slocum,  a  native  of  New  York;  Fred  Stevens  is  their  only  child. 
Mr.  H.  has  been  successful  in  his  business,  his  distillery  consuminof 
on  an  average  about  500  bushels  of  grain  per  dav  ;  it  has  a  capacity 
of  1,200  bushels. 

Dr.  A.  R.  Howard  was  born  in  England;  came  to  Illinois  in  1866 
and  located  in  Canton  in  1868.  He  was  educated  in  Toronto  and 
graduated  from  the  Cincinnati  Eclectic  ^ledical  College  in  1877,  and 
in  j)ractice  ha>;  been  eminently  successful.  He  was  united  in  mar- 
riage with  Miss  Viola  .Vngenetta. 

Fred  W.  Lif/ersoll,  dealer  in  dry-goods,  Canton.  This  business 
was  established  in  the  fall  of  1839  by  the  father  of  the  jiresent  pro- 
prietor, J.  \V.  Ingersoll,  who  came  to  the  State  in  1839,  in  the  em- 
ploy of  the  State  as  a  civil  engineer  uj)on  the  Illinois  Central  II.  R., 
and  in  a  few  months  was  transferred  to  the  Peoria  tt  Warsaw  road 
with  headquarters  at  Canton.  The  business  was  first  started  by  two 
brothers,  J.  W.  t^-  PI.  F.  Ingers(dl,  upon  the  southwest  corner  of 
the  Square.     In  the  spring  of  1840  D.  W.  Vittum  purchased  a  one- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  555 

third  interest  and  the  firm  name  was  changed  to  Ingersoll  &  Vit- 
tum.  In  1851  Mr.  V.  purchased  the  interest  of  the  Ingersoll 
Brothers.  They  immediately  began  business  again  on  the  northeast 
corner  of  the  Square,  in  '43  removed  to  the  east  side  of  Square.  The 
firm  remained  the  same  until  1<S()5,  when  it  was  dissolved,  J.  W. 
continuing  the  business,  and  in  1868  he  erected  the  large  brick  block 
upon  the  west  side,  occupying  it  till  his  death,  which  occurred  Sept. 
28,  1877,  and  now  by  his  son.  He  left  a  widow  and  5  children: 
Mrs.  Elizabeth  (Sage)  Ingersoll,  and  lier  children  as  follows  :  Henrv 
S.,  Ellen  A.,  Mary  E.,  wife  of  Humphrey  Bell,  of  Canton,  Fred- 
erick W.  and  Cora  A.  Fred.  W.  was  born  in  Canton  in  1852,  and 
was  married  in  Sept.,  1874,  to  Kate  P.  Bass.  He  attended  the 
Canton  schools  and  sj)ent  3  years  at  Cornell  University,  N.  Y.,  and 
has  traveled  quite  extensively  in  Germany  and  France  to  perfect  him- 
self in  the  languages  of  those  countries. 

Zsaac  C.  Johnson,  farmer,  is  a  native  of  Sussex  Co.,  N.  J.,  and 
was  born  June  6,  1806.  Abraham  Johnson,  his  grandfather,  was  a 
native  of  the  same  State  and  served  as  Captain  and  Major  in  the 
Continental  army.  His  grandparents  Mere  Samuel  and  Mary 
(Hall)  Johnson.  Isaac  came  to  this  county  June  28,  1835,  and  set- 
tled on  Col.  Barnes'  farm;  in  1836  bought  the  farm  where  he  now 
lives.  He  was  married  in  his  native  county  in  1825  to  Phoebe 
Dean,  and  brought  a  family  of.")  children  with  them  here :  Jonatlian 
D.,  Maria  and  Seymour  H.  The  children  born  here  are:  Ira  K., 
Susan  H..  Ziba  H.',  Sarah  A.  W.,  Martha  J.  They  had  3  die  in  in- 
fancy. Mr.  and  Mrs.  J.  have  been  members  of  the  Baptist  Church 
for  over  50  years.  Mr.  J.  was  the  first  to  organize  a  Baj^tist  Church 
in  Canton.  There  were  7  who  banded  themselves  togetiier  for  the 
j)urpose  of  organizing  a  Baptist  Church  in  Canton.  These  were 
Isaac  C.  Johnson,  Phoebe  (Dean)  Johnson,  James  and  Rachel 
Spencer,  Elder  West  and  wife,  and  a  Mrs.  Jirced.  These  are  the 
pioneers  of  the  Baptist  Church  of  Canton.  They  held  their  first 
meeting  at  Elder  West's  house.  He  was  the  first  preacher  fi)r  that 
Church.  The  first  house  Mr.  J.  ])uilt  was  a  chinked  log  house 
12x14  feet.  When  they  first  occupied  it  there  was  not  a  door  or 
window  in  it:  no  bedstead  or  tal)le.  For  the  latter  they  used  an  old 
chest,  and  improvised  a  bedstead  out  of  pok\s  set  in  the  fioor. 

H,  Keeling,  brick-maker,  was  born  in  Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  and 
came  to  this  county  in  1845,  and  settled  ])ermanently  in  Canton  in 
1851,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  is  now  running  a  brick-yard 
and  has  proven  himself  a  live  business  man. 

Wm.  Pitt  Kellof/f/  was  born  Dec.  8,  1830,  in  Vermont  and  edu- 
cated at  Norwich  University;  removed  to  Illinois  in  1848,  studied 
law  at  Peoria,  Ilk;  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1853;  commenced 
practice  in  Fulton  Co.;  in  LSliO  served  as  Presidential  Elector  on 
the  Lincoln  ticket;  was  ap])ointed  Chief  Justice  of  Nebraska  by 
Mr.  Lincoln  in  1861,  resigned  the  same  year  and  accepted  the  Col- 
onelcy of  the  7th  Cavalry ;  served  under  Gen.  Pope  in  Mo.  and 
34 


556  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

commanclecl  Gon.  Granger's  Cavalry  Brigade,  until  the  evacuation 
of  Corinth ;  April,  I8O0,  was  appointed  Collector  of  the  Port  of 
New  Orleans,  his  commission  i)eing  signed  by  Mr.  Lincoln  on  the 
afternoon  ushering  in  the  evening  on  which  he  was  assassinated  ;  was 
elected  to  the  U.  S.  Senate  in  July,  1868,  as  a  Rei)ul)lican  ;  his 
term  expired  March  4,  1873;  was  re-elected.  This  is  the  statesman 
who  has  figured  so  largely  in  I^ouisiana  politics  for  the  last  15  years, 
w'ho  has  been  Governor  of  that  State,  U.  S.  Senator,  etc.,  and  is  at 
present  serving  in  the  latter  capacity. 

■  JohnH.  AW7y  wasborn  June3, 18i2,  inLewisCo.,Ky.  Hisparents 
were  Henry  and  Catharine  (Buchanan)  Kelly,  the  former  of  Virginia, 
the  latter  of  Kentucky.  He  came  to  this  c(»unty  with  his  parents  in 
1835,  who  settled  on  sec.  8,  Buckheart  tp.  The  old  homestead  is  now 
owned  by  J.  H.  Kelly  and  occupied  by  his  son,  Thos.  Jasper  Kelly. 
Mr.  K's  daughter,  Irene,  is  the  wife  of  O.  D.  Evans  of  AVayne  Co., 
Ind.  He  married  Nancy  Carter,  in  Fayette  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1841.  She 
was  born  May  25,  1808,' in  Ross  Co.,  6.  Mr.  K.  has  been  engaged 
in  farming  and  stock-raising,  at  which  he  has  been  successful.  He 
retired  from  business  some  12  years  ago.  He  served  Buckheart  for 
8  or  10  years  as  Supervisor  and  filled  other  offices. 

H.  M.  Kline,  grocer,  came  to  Canton  in  1856  and  has  been  iden- 
tified with  the  business  of  this  city  for  23  years,  having  carried  on, 
and  been  interested  in,  the  packing  and  grain  business,  general 
store  and  grocery,  etc.  His  present  business  was  established  in  1875, 
and  he  probably  does  as  large  business  of  the  kind  in  the  county  as 
any  one  does,  if  not  larger.  He  occupies  a  fine  brick  store  on  the  west 
side  of  the  S(piare  23  feet  wide  by  100  deep  and  two  stories  high  ; 
the  upper  floor  being  connected  with  the  lower  by  a  patent  eleva- 
tor, which  can  be  made  to  ascend  and  descend  with  a  weight  of 
3,700  lbs.  at  pleasure  and  without  exertion,  the  first  and  only  one 
of  the  kind  in  Canton.  He  has  erected  some  fine  buildings  in  this 
city,  among  which  is  his  residence  on  Fourth  and  Maj)le  sts.  He 
married  Lucy  H.  Shinn,  daughter  of  John  W.  Shinn,  of  Canton. 
Edward  E.,  Chas.  H.,  John  W.  and  Wm.  S.  are  their  children. 

John  Lake,  a  native  of  I^ong  Island,  N.  Y.,  was  taken  to  New 
Jersey  by  his  parents,  Gilbert  and  Ellen  (Brewer)  Lake,  when  he 
was  an  infant,  where  he  was  raised.  He  married  Elizabeth  Dvke- 
man  and  came  to  Cincinnati  in  1812,  living  there  until  1837,  when 
he  moved  to  this  <'(»unty.  Of  their  children  Eliza  married  Thomas 
Leepcr ;  Ellen,  Wm.  Leepcr ;  Catharine,  Eleven  Tucker;  Mary 
Ann  married  ( 'unningham  Jirown.  Mr.  Lake  was  82  when  he  died  ; 
his  wife  83. 

John  Abrnm  Jjane,  farmer,  sec.  21,  was  born  in  Somerset,  Co.,  N. 
J.,  in  1822,  and  came  to  this  county  in  Aug.,  1835  or  '36,  with  his 
parents,  John  A.  Lane  and  Christiana  Foner,  his  wife,  who  settled 
in  Fairview  tj).  The  former  died  in  1854,  the  latter  Sept.  12,  1876. 
John  A.  married  Rachel  C.  Baker,  of  Putman  tp.,  July  1,  1844, 
and  they  have  a  family  of  6  children:  Geo.  L.,  deceased,  Mary  C, 


HISTORY   OP    FULTON   COUNTY.  557 

John  S.,  Abraham  T.,  Julia,  deceased,  and  Charles  Clinton.  Mary 
i.s  the  wife  of  Henry  Buwmaster,  of  Canton.  He  tells  us  that 
during  a  terrific  storm  a  party  of  13  men  were  in  a  building  uj)on 
his  farm  that  was  comj)letely  destroyed  and  notoneof  the  men -hurt. 

George  Wa-s-hingtou  Lane,  farmer.  ITe  lived  on  the  old  home- 
stead in  Joshua  tp.  for  nearly  30  years,  but  has  lived  on  sec.  22, 
Canton  tp.,  for  the  last  10  years.  He  has  a  pleasant  location  near 
Canton,  and  one  of  the  best  improved  farms  in  this  county,  Mr, 
L.  is  a  native  of  Somerset  Co.,  N,  J.,  was  born  July  1,  1822, 
and  is  the  son  of  John  A.  and  Christiana  (Foner)  Lane,  who  came 
to  this  county  in  183G  and  settled  in  Joshua  tp.  They  are  both 
deceased,  the  former  at  the  ag-e  of  65,  the  latter  at  78  years.  Mr. 
L.  was  united  in  marriage  with  Elizabeth  Garrett  at  Fairview,  in 
the  fall  of  1848. 

Thomas  Leeper  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  and  his  parents 
moved  to  Ohio  when  he  was  a  year  old.  He  and  his  wife  came  to 
this  county  in  1836,  and  settled  in  Fairview  township,  where  they 
lived  for  29  years,  when  they  moved  on  sec.  6,  this  township. 
Thomas  Leeper  died  Nov.  0,  1858.  His  widow  still  lives  on  the 
old  homestead,  at  the  age  of  70  years.  Of  their  children  Jane  mar- 
ried David  Weaver,  deceased;  Mary  Ann  married  John  William- 
son; Catharine,  living  at  home;  Charlotte,  .wife  of  Thos.  Pool, 
lives  in  Union  tj).  ;  Wm.  A.  lives  near  Babylon  ;  Geo.  W.,  killed 
in  the  army  ;  P]lleu  married  Wm.  II,  Weaver,  of  Canton  ;  Ann 
married  Barney  Greenwell  ;  Sarah,  Andrew  McBride,  and  Adeline 
lives  with  her  mother. 

Lydia  LitUefiehl  Avas  born  in  Alleghany  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1823. 
She  is  a  daughter  of  Mr.  H.  Fellows,  a  native  of  Rome,  N,  Y.  He 
came  to  Canton  in  1830,  bringing  his  daughter.  He  was  a  carpenter 
by  trade.  Mrs.  L.  lived  in  Canton  when  there  were  less  than  12 
houses  there,  and  she  remembers  the  first  engagement  with  the  In- 
dians. Austin  Mallory  came  at  the  same  time,  and  Joel  Wright 
and  family,  Isaac  P.  Fellows  and  family,  Harrison  Fellows  and 
Mr.  CoyUendall.  Afterwards  Mrs.  Littk'field  married  first  Mr.  H. 
M.  Smith  in  1840.  He  died  in  184M,  and  she  married  L.  E.  Lit- 
tlefield  in  1850;  has  one  child  by  her  first  husband,  Charles  Henry 
Smith,  born  in  1841,  and  livina-  in  Canton.  Mr.  Littlefield  died 
Oct.  17,  1870. 

C.  J.  Mam,  attorney  and  Justice  of  the  Peace,  is  a  native  of 
Conneant,  Ashtabula  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  in  1838.  He  re- 
ceived his  education  at  the  common  schools  and  Lawrence  Univer- 
sity, Appletou,  Wis.  He  commenced  legal  studies  in  the  office  of 
J.  L.  Murphy,  of  Canton,  and  remained  with  him  two  years;  Avas 
admitted  to  the  Bar  in  April,  1871 ;  was  elected  J.  P.  in  1869,  and 
in  '70  elected  Police  Magistrate,, and  in  '71  re-elected  for  4  years 
and  same  year  elected  City  Clerk,  and  in  1872  elected  Alderman  of 
2d  Ward,  and  re-elected  Police  Magistrate  in  1879.  He  does  a  law, 
loan,  real-estate  and  collecting  business. 


558  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

Daniel  W.  Maple,  son  of  Thompson  Maple,  was  born  in  Canton 
Feb.  24,  1837.  He  was  educated  in  Jubilee  College,  Peoria  Co., 
and  Knox  Academy,  Galesburg;  has  been  Mayor  of  Canton  one 
year,  City  Clerk  3  years,  Alderman  2  years;  was  married  April  6, 
1856,  to  Sarah  E.  Hall,  of  St.  Louis.  Wm.  M.,  Chas.  H.,  Harry 
F.,  Frank,  D.  W.  and  l/ouisa  are  their  children. 

Thompson  Maple  was  born  in  1815  in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.  He  with 
his  wife,  formerly  Lyrena  A,  Hoyden,  came  to  this  county  by 
steam-boat  to  Havana,  and  on  horseback  to  his  uncle's^  Henry 
Kelly,  in  Buckheart  tp.  in  1836.  He  was  prominently  identified 
with  the  business  of  Canton  for  many  years ;  was  engaged  in  mer- 
chandising and  packing  business,  built  the  Phoenix  Distillery  and 
was  a  contractor  for  and  graded  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  R.  R.  from  Canton 
to  Carthage  ;  built  the  plank-road  from  Canton  to  Liverpool,  and 
was  one  of  Canton's  most  enterprising  citizens.  He  is  now  living 
in  Chicago  and  is  superintendent  of  Oakwood  Cemetery.  He  was 
Mayor  of  Canton  in  1856-7.  He  had  a  family  of  9  children,  all  of 
whom  died  in  inflincy  except  4,  as  follows :  Daniel  W.,  John  E., 
died  Aug.,  1873,  age  33,  Charles  H.,  lives  in  Chicago,  and  Douglas, 
accidentally  killed  in  1861. 

Eliphalet  Mariner,  farmer,  sec.  36.  The  great-grandsire  of  Mr. 
M.  came  from  France  and  settled  in  Connecticut ;  his  grandfather's 
name  was  Wm.  Mariner,  and  his  father's,  Buell  Mariner,  who  lived 
in  Litchfield  Co.,  Ct.  ^Ir.  M.  came  to  this  county  in  Dec,  1836, 
and  located  in  Canton  ;  the  following  spring  bought  a  farm  on  sec. 
20,  built  a  log  house  and  moved  into  it.  For  some  years  he  ran  a 
threshing-machine,  which  was  known  as  the  "  ground-thresher,"  or 
''chaff  piler."  This  was  the  first  successful  thresher  ever  run  in 
the  county.  There  had  been  only  one  other  of  any  kind  in  the 
county.  He  also  was  engaged  as  a  superintendent  on  the  building 
of  the  Peoria  and  Oquawka  R.  R.,  and  during  1H43  and  '44  built 
the  turnpike  between  Copperas  creek  and  Utica.  In  1847  he 
married  Julia  Lord  at  Canandaigua,  N.  Y.  The  same  spring  he 
moved  upon  his  present  farm  and  has  resided  there  for  32  years. 
He  was  a  firm  supporter  of  Government  during  the  war  and  contrib- 
uted a  horse  to  Barney  Fuller,  a  ])rivate  in  the  first  cavalry  com- 
pany that  left  the  county.  This  liorse  was  with  Grierson  and  one 
of  only  4  that  reached  New  Orleans  on  Grierson's  famous  raid. 

Micron  Mariner,  son  of  Eliphalet  and  Julia  C.  (Lord)  Mariner; 
the  former  of  New  York,  the  latter  of  Connecticut.  They  came  to 
this  county  in  1835  and  jMirchased  a  farm  on  sees.  17  and  20,  Canton 
tp.,  of  160  acres,  and  afterwards  added  to  it  105  acres.  The  farm  is 
yet  owned  by  him  but  occupied  by  his  son  Myron.  He  married, 
Jan,  1,  1878,  Miss  Mary  C.  Flowers,  a  native  of  Iowa  and  daughter 
of  Wm.  Flowers  of  Adair  Co.,  Mo. 

Huf/h  Martin,  ^L  D.  Dr.  Martin  first  came  to  Canton,  Xov.  3, 
1840;  left  the  following  February  and  returned  in  Oct.  1843,  and 
has  since  resided  in  Canton  and  practiced  his  profession.     His  med- 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  559 

ical  education  was  commenced  with  Dr.  Jesse  Palmer  at  Eaton,  O. 
He  read  medicine  in  his  office  for  three  years,  at  the  end  of  which 
time  was  examined  by  the  State  medical  censors  of  Ohio,  passed, 
and  was  given  a  certificate  as  regular  physician.  He  afterwards  at- 
tended a  regular  course  of  lectures,  at  the  Ohio  Medical  College, 
Cincinnati,  the  University  of  St.  Louis,  Mo.,  graduating  in  the  med- 
ical department  of  the  same  in  March,  1853.  He  is  the  oldest  prac- 
ticing physician  now  living  in  the  county,  and  has  partially  retired 
from  practice.  The  Doctor  was  born  in  Frederick  Co.,  Va.,in  1802, 
and  received  his  non-professional  education  at  Miami  University, 
Oxford,  O.  His  parents  were  Hugh  and  Rebecca  (Baldwin)  Mar- 
tin, the  former  a  native  of  Londonderry,  Ireland,  and  his  mother  of 
Frederick  Co.,  Ya.  He  was  married  at  Liberty,  O.,  Sept.  26,  1832, 
to  Elizabeth  Hippie,  of  that  pUice.  Eight  children  were  born  to 
them,  only  three  of  whom  are  living:  James,  Hugh  and  Kate. 

John  Clark  Martin,  deceased,  was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  N.  Y., 
and  came  to  this  county  in  1831.  He  first  settled  on  a  farm  be- 
tween Canton  and  Lewistown,  and  then  moved  to  another  on  sec.  2, 
Canton  tp.,  where  he  died  in  1838,  leaving  a  widow  and  2  children, 
Dorcas  Lavina,  now  the  wife  of  Jacob  Hanson,  and  Joseph  E. 
The  widow,  Delina  (Grover)  Martin,  married  Abner  Hill,  also  de- 
ceased. She  bore  one  child  l)y  this  marriage, — James  A.  The 
widow  still  lives  at  the  old  homestead  on  sec.  2,  with  her  son  Jo- 
seph E.  Martin,  who  carries  on  the  farm.  J.  E.  takes  great  inter- 
est in  educational  matters  and  has  been  School  Director  6  years. 
James  A.  Hill  served  in  the  late  war  in  102d  111.  Inf,  and  was  with 
Sherman  on  his  famous  March  to  tiie  Sea. 

Geor(je  Maxwell  is  a  native  of  Cumberland  county,  Pa.,  where  he 
was  born  in  1817.  His  parents  were  Henry  and  Elizabeth  (Sny- 
der) Maxwell,  natives  of  the  same  county.  Mr.  M.  came  to  this 
county  April  16,  1851,  and  h)cate(l  in  the  city  of  Canton,  where  he 
lived  for  one  year.  He  then  bought  a  residence  and  10  acres  of 
land  one-half  mile  from  the  city  limits,  where  he  has  since  lived. 
This  land  was  covered  with  timber  at  the  time,  but  not  so  much  as 
a  stump  is  to  be  seen  there  now.  He  is  a  carpenter  l)y  trade  and 
has  erected  at  least  100  good  buiklings  in  the  county.  He  married, 
in  1848,  Elizabeth  Har])er,  of  Perry  Co.,  Pa.,  and  a  daughter  of 
Michael  and  Nancy  (McKenna)  Harper.  They  came  to  this  county 
in  1849,  when  quite  aged,  and  lived  till  death  overtook  tliem  with 
their  son  .lohn  Harper,  near  Farniington.  George  Maxwell  has  a 
family  of  3  children, — Henry,  Mary  E.  and  Arabella.  Mary  mar- 
ried Geo.  Langstaif,  of  Canton. 

Hewett  McBroom,  and  his  wife,  Bridget  (Robins)  McBroom,  were 
among  the  early  settlers  of  this  countv.  Thev  were  natives  of 
North  Carolina  and  came  here  in  1830,  bringing  a  famuy  of  3  ciiil- 
dren :  Betsy,  deceased,  Mary  Ann  and  Joim,  deceased.  Mary  is 
now  living  at  Gainesville,  Tex.  Mr.  McBroom  was  engaged  in 
farming,  trading,  etc.,  during  his  life-time;  he  died  in  Nov.,  1877, 


560  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

aged  75  years,  less  5  days.  His  wife  is  still  living,  aged  78.  They 
borrowed  $50  of  Mrs.  McBroom's  father  in  Indiana  to  emigrate 
with  and  started  with  an  ox  team.  They  had  no  matches  then,  and 
-vverc  obliged  to  carry  tire  in  a  kettle  hung  to  the  wagon,  to  "fire 
back"  on  the  prairie  in  case  of  a  prairie  fire.  They  finally  arrived 
at  their  destination  and  located  one  mile  southwest  of  Canton.  A 
man  by  the  name  of  Joe  Wheeler,  a  trapper  and  Indian  trader, 
whom  they  knew,  and  now  believed  to  be  dead,  claims  to  have 
helped  plow  the  first  land  that  was  broken  in  this  county.  This 
was  south  of  Canton  near  the  Elijah  Capps  farm.  The  parents  of 
Hewett,  John  and  Elizabeth,  his  wife,  and  3  children,  John,  Anna 
and  James,  arrived  in  New  Castle  on  the  Delaware  from  Ii*eland 
Sept.  2,  1801.  Alfred  McBroom  was  born  in  Canton  Feb.  7,  1842. 
His  wife,  Elizabeth  E.  Mowery,  daughter  of  Jacob  and  Mary  J. 
(Henderson)  Mowery,  of  Putman  tp.,  was  born  April  2,  1844. 
Geo.  B.,  Mahlon  T.,  Chas.  A.,  Willie  J.,  Lewis  A.  and  Carrie  B. 
are  their  children. 

Jeremiah  McBroom  is  a  son  of  Hewett  and  Bridget  (Robins)  Mc- 
Broom, mentioned  in  another  place  in  this  volume,  and  was  born  in 
Canton  tp.  at  the  old  homestead  where  he  now  resides  with  his 
family.  He  was  married  to  Marv  S.  Dancer,  daujihter  of  Vincent 
Dancer,  in  18(50.  They  have  a  family  of  3  children, — Edward, 
Belle  and  May.  The  eldest,  Caruline,  died  in  ]May,  '79.  Mr.  ISIcB. 
has  spent  his  life  on  the  farm,  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising. 
Jl/r.s\  Louisa  McGall,  w'idow  of  the  late  J.  H.  McCull,  was 
born  in  I^ondon  in  1825;  came  to  New  Orleans  in  1834  and  to  Illi- 
nois in  1835.  .James  Hervey  INIcCall  was  born  in  Baltimore,  of 
Scotch  parents,  in  1812.  Pie  came  to  Peoria  in  1835  and  to  Canton 
in  1856,  and  ran  the  mills  here  until  1871,  when  he  retired  from 
active  lousiness.  He  was  Alderman  in  Peoria  for  3  terms,  and  was 
one  of  the  organizers  of  the  First  National  Bank  of  Cant(Hi,  and 
President  until  his  death.  They  were  blessed  with  4  children  : 
INIaggie  L.,  married  and  resides  at  Troy,  N.  Y. ;  Carrie  G.,  wife  of 
Geo.  Block,  of  Canton ;  Josie  E.,  wife  of  Wm.  Babcock,  jr.,  also  of 
Canton  ;  Agnes,  marri(>d  Chas.  I^evings,  of  Edgar  county.  III.  !Mr. 
^IcCall  went  to  Mountain  City,  Nev.,  in  1873,  to  establish  a  gold- 
mining  business,  and  died.     We  give  his  portrait  in  this  book. 

Finis  McCxdilwn  is  among  the  few  old  settlers  now  living  mIio 
date  their  ai-rival  back  to  1833.  He  located  in  Canton  May  6  of 
that  year,  and  engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  till  '36,  when  he  moved 
to  his  })resent  residence  on  sec.  4,  Canton  tp.  He  claims  to  be  the 
only  resident  in  the  south  half  of  Farmington  or  the  north  half 
of  Canton  townships,  who  has  not  moved  his  fiimily  since  1836. 
Mr.  McC.  built  the  first  two-story  frame  building  on  the  Puldic 
Square  in  Canton,  and  it  was  first  occupied  by  himself  and  partner, 
Marvin  Tryon.  His  ancestors  were  Scotch.  James  and  Samuel 
McCutchen,  brothers,  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1740,  and  settled  in 
Augusta  county,  Va.     James  was  his  great -grandparent,  and    his 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  561 

son  John,  who  married  Elizabeth  Wear,  is  the  grandparent,  and 
Hugh  and  Elizabeth  (McComb)  McCutchen  are  the  parents  of  our 
subject.  His  father  was  born  in  Augusta  Co.,  Va.,  Feb.  22,  1773, 
and  his  mother  in  (iuilfbrd  county,  N.  C.  Finis  was  born  in  Logan 
county,  Ky.,  Feb.  17, 1809,  and  married  at  (\inton,  Jan.  2, 1834,  Mary 
W.  Dewey,  daughter  of  Oliver  Dewey.  They  have  but  one  child, 
Augustine,  who  married  Mary  Dewey,  and  their  2  children  are  Mary 
and  Chas.  C.  Mr.  McC.  has  been  a  member  of  the  Congregational 
Church  since  1860,  and  Mrs.  McC.  has  been  a  member  since  1833, 
and  is  the  oldest  member  of  the  1st  Presbyterian  Church  of  Canton, 
now  the  1st  Congregational.  John  Sloss  came  to  Canton  with  Mr. 
McC.  from  Kentucky  and  died  in  1850. 

James  R.  McQuaid,  grocer,  was  born  in  Clearfield  Co.,  Pa.,  in 
1818,  and  came  to  Canton  Nov.  13,  1844,  and  has  been  identified 
with  its  business  interests  since.  He  is  a  gun-maker  by  trade,  and 
carried  on  that  business  during  the  first  10  years  of  his  residence 
here.  He  manufactured  rifles  from  the  rough  iron,  and  won  an  ex- 
cellent reputation  as  the  maker  of  trusty  and  accurate  guns.  In 
1855  he  quit  this  business  on  account  of  ill  he  1th  and  opened  a 
hardware  store,  which  he  conducted  till  18t3,  when  he  sold  out. 
The  store  is  now  occupied  by  Cyrus  Smith.  Since  1864  he  has 
kept  a  grocery  store.  Ke  is  now  (summer  of  '79)  erecting  a  large 
brick  store  on  the  east  side  of  the  Stpiare,  into  which  he  intends 
moving.  He  was  married  to  Elizabeth  Patton,  of  Huntington  Co., 
Pa.,  in  1840.  Six  children  were  born  to  them  :  James  P.,  Mary 
A.  (deceased),  Elizabeth  V.,  Eliza  Bell  (deceased),  Sarah  Ellen 
(deceased),  Wm.  \.,  and  Andrew  Jackson.  Mr.  McQuaid  has  been 
a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church  for  37  years.  His  parents  were 
James  and  Jane  (Ross)  McQuaid,  the  former  of  Chester  Co.  and  the 
latter  of  Wyoming  Co.,  Pa. 

G.  L.  Miller.  Gilbert  L.  Miller  was  born  in  Joshua  t)wnship, 
Fulton  Co.,  111.,  June  8,  1852;  lived  until  the  age  of  1 'i  on  his 
father's  farm,  securing  during  that  time  a  common-school  education. 
He  then  entered  the  office  of  Dr.  G.  W.  Wright,  of  Canton,  where 
he  studied  medicine  fijr  two  years  and  a  half,  during  this  time  at- 
tending a  course  of  lectures  at  the  College  of  Physicians  and  Sur- 
geons at  Keokuk,  Iowa;  then  taught  school  for  five  years  and  six 
months:  during  two  years  of  this  time  he  read  law.  June  1, 1877, 
entered  into  partnership  with  Horace  J.  Leigh, — in  the  printing 
business, — publishing  the  Fulton  County  Adrerfiscr.  He  was  mar- 
ried June  6,  1878,  to  Dora  F.  (McClure)  Slocum,  daughter  of 
Henry  S.  McClure,  and  adopted  daughter  of  the  late  Stephen  P. 
Slocum,  of  Canton. 

Samuel  S.  Miller,  farmer,  is  a  native  of  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  where 
he  was  born  June  15,  1829;  father  was  Jacob  Miller,  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  lived  there  at  the  age  of  90.  Samuel  has  a  farm 
on  sec.  6,  this  tp.,  and  one  on  sec.  9,  Joshua  tp.  Mrs.  Miller's 
name  before  marriage  was  Mary  Catharine  Negley,  a  daughter  of 


oH2  HISTOHY    OF    FT'T,TON    COT'NTY. 

Dr.  Negley,  and  adopted  bv  her  uncle  Jacob  Negley  at  the  age  of 
4  years.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  have  8  children,  all  of  whom  live  at 
home.  They  are  Pierre  Delbarre,  Alice,  Geo.  B.,  Allen  A.,  Clarence 
E.,  Cordia  M.,  Sarah  C,  and  Frederick. 

Squire  P.  Miller  wa.s  born  in  Morris  Co.,  X.  J.,  in  Oct.,  1826, 
and  came  to  Canton  in  1847.  He  has  carried  on  the  wagon-making 
business  for  the  past  25  years,  and  the  livery  business  for  17  years. 
Mr.  M.  has  been  prominently  connected  with  the  business  of  Can- 
ton since  his  residence  here.  He  is  a  veteran  of  the  Mexican  war, 
and  was  at  the  battles  of  A^era  Cruz,  Cerro  Gordo,  City  of  Mexico, 
etc.  He  went  from  New  Jersey,  and  on  leaving  the  army  came  to 
this  countv.  He  was  married  at  Canton  in  1854  to  Miss  Snvder, 
and  has  a  family  of  two  children, — Mary  and  Sadie. 

JRcc.  Henri/  Mills,  pastor  of  the  Congregational  Church,  Canton, 
was  born  in  Kingsville,  Ashtabula  Co.,  O.,  May  21,  1828,  and  came 
to  this  citv  in  Mav  1872.  He  was  united  in  marriaee  with  Miss 
Strong,  of  Portage,  N,  Y.  They  have  a  family  of  3  sons  and  2 
daughters, — George  T.,  J.  Dolson,  Epstein,  May,  and  Jesse. 

Dr.  Will.  Montgomery  McDowell,  deceased,  settled  in  Canton  and 
commenced  the  practice  of  his  profession  in  1847,  and  continued  in 
practice  till  his  death,  which  occurred  in  1877.  He  took  more  than 
ordinary  interest  in  his  ])r()fession  and  endeavored  to  excel  in  all  its 
branches.  He  was  married  at  Canton  to  Malvina  Tyner  Oct.  13, 
1852.  Mrs.  McD.  is  still  living  in  Canton,  on  N.  Main  St.  She 
is  a  native  of  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  and  is  numbered  among  the  first 
who  came  to  Canton,  coming  in  1830.  The  Doctor  was  Mayor  of 
Canton  for  several  years.  His  parents  were  John  and  Margarette 
(Montgomery)  McDowell,  the  former  of  Chambersburg,  Va.,  and 
born  in  1795,  the  latter  born  in  Mountour  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1798.  The 
Doctor's  portrait  may  be  found  in  this  volume. 

Henry  Mofsiiu/er  was  l)orn  in  1826  in  Washington  Co.,  Ind.  His 
parents  were  Michael  and  Barbara  Gilstraj),  both  of  North  Caro- 
lina. They  came  to  this  county  in  1835.  The  father  died  in  1878, 
aged  80  years;  the  mother  is  living  with  her  son  Henry.  They 
brought  with  them  a  large  family  of  children, — Aaron,  Richard, 
Hannaii,  Jacob,  Henry,  Nancy,  Celia,  Catharine  and  Susan. 
Elizabeth  and  David  were  born  in  this  c(uinty,  Henry  was  mar- 
ried on  sec.  18,  Orion  townshi}),  in  1858,  to  Miss  Sarah  Wolf, 
daughter  of  Thomas  F.  Wolf,  and  the  first  white  child  born  in 
Orion  tp.  They  have  2  children  :  Mary  and  John  Milton.  The 
latter  died  April  4,  '79,  age  19  years.  Mr.  M.  has  been  a  member 
of  the  M.  E.  Church  for  15  years,  and  fi)r  the  last  12  Steward, 
Trustee,  etc.     His  wife  is  also  a  member. 

Joseph  Leopold  Miirphy,  attorney,  was  born  in  Uniontown,  Pa. 
His  parents  settled  in  this  county  in  1839,  when  he  was  a  lad  of  5 
years  of  age.  He  was  educate<l  mostly  at  the  schools  in  this  county 
and  at  Quincy  and  McGee  College,  Missouri ;  commenced  his  legal 
studies   in    1862;  read   law    in   the   office   of  Warren  &  Wheat,  of 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  563 

Quincy,  for  2  years,  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  the  spring  of 
1864.  Mr.  M.  was  Mayor  of  Canton  in  1871-2  and  has  held 
various  other  offices. 

Richard  Murphy,  deceased,  was  among  those  who  came  here  as 
early  as  1839.  He  was  a  man  of  fine  education,  a  master  of  Greek 
and  Latin,  talked  French  fluently,  and  indeed  was  a  man  of  more 
than  ordinary  ability.  He  was  a  native  of  Queens  Co.,  Ireland. 
He  died  in  1850  at  his  farm  home  on  sec.  11,  Joshua  tp.  His  wife 
was  Elizabeth  Fitzpatrick,  of  his  native  county.  She  died  Jan.  19, 
1876.  His  ancestors  were  land-holders  and  held  the  land  upon 
which  he  was  born  for  over  300  years.  His  mother  was  a  Fitzger- 
ald, a  descendant  of  Lord  Edward  Fitzgerald,  who  served  in  the 
British  army,  but  resigned  during  the  American  Revolution  and 
was  killed  in  the  Irish  Rebellion  of  1798.  The  children  of  Richard 
Murphy  are :  Mary  T.,  now  living  in  Quincy ;  Anna  E.  B.  married 
Mr.  Hopkins  and  lives  in  New  York  city  ;  Joseph  Leopold,  lawyer 
at  Canton,  and  Louisa,  residing  with  her  brother. 

Ellison  Norcott,  proprietor  of  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  R.  R.  Depot 
Hotel,  came  to  Canton  in  1850.  He  is  a  native  of  New  Brunswick. 
His  mother  was  born  at  Plainfield,  N.  J.,  his  father  at  New  Lon- 
don, Ct.  His  ancestors  came  from  Sheffield,  Eng.  He  has  had  a 
family  of  6  children, — Fred  A.,  ticket  agent  for  R.  I.  &  P.  R.  R. 
at  Peoria ;  Chas.  E.  lives  at  Bunker  Hill,  111. ;  Wm.  H.  lives  in 
Canton. 

Mm.  J.  Orendorjf]  of  the  firm  of  Parlin  &  Orendorff,  manufactur- 
ers, was  born  in  Orion  tp.,  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  January  14,  1829,  and 
is  the  son  of  John  and  Margaret  (Sayle)  Orendorff,  the  former  of 
Wilkes  Co.,  Ga.,  and  his  mother  of  Wilkes  Co.,  North  Carolina.  His 
parents  came  to  Orion  tp.  in  April,  1825.  His  mother  died  at  the  old 
homestead  July  19,  1867,  and  his  fiither  Jan.  28,  1876.  Wm.  J.  was 
educated  at  the  Orion  and  Canton  schools.  He  began  his  present 
business,  which  is  more  fully  described  elsewhere  in  this  work,  in 
1852;  married  Sept.  28,  1856,  to  Miss  Mary  Rohrer,  daughter  of 
Henry  Rohrer,  a  native  of  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  and  formerly  a  resi- 
dent of  Canton,  now  deceased,  Arthur  L.,  Wm.  H.,  Ulysses  G. 
and  John  W.  are  their  children.  We  give  the  portraits  of  Mr. 
Orendorff  and  his  father  in  this  volume. 

John  J.  Owen,  dairy  farmer,  is  a  native  of  New  York  city,  where 
he  was  born  in  1831.  His  father,  Franklin  E.  Owen,  is  a  native  of 
of  Connecticut,  his  mother,  Jane  Owen,  nee  Prine,  was  born 
in  Monmouth  Co.,  N.  J.  Mr.  O.  came  to  Canton  in  March, 
1867,  and  embarked  in  a  small  way  in  the  milk  business.  He  has 
since  given  his  attention  to  dairy  farming,  having  bought  a  farm  on 
sec.  25,  Canton  tp.  He  was  married  in  1869  at  New  Brunswick, 
N.  J.,  to  Eliza  Jones.  He  was  sutler  of  the  9th  N.  J.  Inf.  during 
the  war.  On  parting  with  his  regiment  when  mustered  out  at 
Trenton,  N.  J.,  the  privates  of  the  regiment  presented  him  with  a 
fine  gold  watch  as  a  testimonial  of  good  wishes  and  pleasant  inter- 
course. 


564  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Parlin  d'  Orendorff.  "NVm.  Parlin  commenced  the  manufacture  of 
plows  in  1847  on  the  corner  of  Fourth  and  Ehn  streets,  wliere  is 
now  part  of  their  present  works.  All  of  the  work  was  done  bv  hand 
and  no  machinery  of  any  kind  was  used.  In  1855  William  J. 
Orendorff  became  a  partner  and  the  two  have  continued  ever  since 
under  the  name  of  Parlin  &  Orendorff.  In  1857  the  first  engine — 
6-horse  power — was  put  in  the  shop  in  place  of  horse-power  then  in 
use.  They  have  at  four  different  times  put  in  larger  engines  until 
they  reached  150-horse  power,  which  is  now  too  small  for  their  in- 
creasing trade.  Gradually  their  w:orks  have  enlarged  till  now  they 
have  one  of  the  largest  plow  works  in  the  country,  having  a  capacity 
for  250  workmen  and  for  turning  out  a  complete  plow  every  3 
minutes.  They  consume  annually  2,000  tons  of  iron  and  steel  and 
over  1,000,000  feet  of  lumber.  They  now*  own  the  entire  block  upon 
which  their  works  stand.  They  make  plows  of  styles  and  designs  suit- 
able for  every  section  of  country.  The  list  of  kinds  of  plows  will  ex- 
ceed 100  different  sizes  and  styles.  They  manufacture  besides  plows, 
cultivators,  sulky-plows,  stalk-cutters,  harrows,  road-scrapers  and 
a  great  variety  of  other  goods.  Their  trade  is  still  growing  and  the 
indications  are  that  they  will  soon  "be  compelled  to  enlarge  their 
works.  Machinery  is  now  used  for  all  work.  If  they  had  to  get 
out  the  work  by  hand-power,  the  same  as  in  former  years,  1,000 
men  could  not  accomplish  what  work  they  are  now  doing. 

Win.  Parlin,  in  the  paternal  line,  is  of  English  ancestry,  the  first 
im  uigration  being  to  Massachusetts,  where  Samuel,  the  grandfather 
of  our  subject,  and  Warner,  the  father,  were  born.  They  were  blood 
relatives  of  the  heroic  Gen.  Warren  avIio  fell  at  Bunker  Hill,  and 
they  too  fought  for  American  independence.  William's  mother's 
maiden  name  was  Lydia  Davis,  and  she  was  the  daughter  of  Jona- 
than D.ivis,  of  Middlesex  Co.,  Mass.  Davis  also  fought  in  the 
Revolution.  A  cousin  of  his,  Capt.  Davis,  was  the  first  officer  killed 
in  the  war, — at  the  battle  of  Concord.  Mr.  Parlin  was  born  in  the 
town  of  Acton,  Middlesex  Co.,  Mass.,  Jan.  21,  1817;  first  came  to 
Fulton  Co.,  July  4,  1840,  and  being  a  blacksmith  by  trade  he  soon 
established  himself  in  his  business  at  Canton,  in  a  small  shop,  which 
has  grown  to  the  present  large  institution  employing  hundreds  of 
men.  Jan.  7,  1845,  he  married  Caroline  Orendorff,  daughter  of 
John  O.,  in  Ori^u  tp.  Their  four  children  are  Artemas  F.,  Win.  H., 
Clara  E.  and  Alice  C.  The  first  mentioned  died  at  the  a^e  of  18. 
Mr.  Parlin  has  i)een  Alderman  several  terms:  was  elected  to  that 
position  at  the  first  city  election  ;  has  been  School  Director,  and  at 
present  is  Mayor  of  Canton.  He  is  a  zealous  temperance  advocate 
and  a  Republican.  Although  not  a  member  of  any  church  hp  has 
liberally  contributed  to  all.  Mr.  Parlin's  portrait  is  given  in  this 
work. 

Plattenhurif  Famihj.  The  seniors  of  this  family  in  this  county 
are  Perry  Plattenburg  and  his  wife,  Ellen  (Doddridge)  Plattenburg, 
the   former  a  native  of  EUicott's  Mills,  near  Harper's  Ferry,  Md., 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  565 

where  he  was  born  in  1801,  and  tlie  latter  a  native  of  Wellsburg, 
"W.  Va.,  and  a  daughter  of  Pliilip  Doddridge,  a  member  of  Con- 
gress, who  died  in  Washington  wiiile  attending  a  session  of  that 
bodv  in  1832.  They  lirst  came  to  this  county,  locating  at  Canton, 
in  June,  1854,  bringing  a  family  of  6  children,  one  son  being  in 
California,  but  who  joined  them  in  '57.  His  name  was  Albert  E. 
The  names  of  the  other  children  were  as  follows:  Wm.  D.,  Philip 
D.,  Ada  D.,  Perry  W.,  Ellen  S.,  and  Wilbur  Fisk.  All  of  the 
children  were  born  at  Wellsburg,  W.  Ya.  Perry  Plattenburg  on 
his  arrival  in  Canton  embarked  in  the  lumber  business  with  his  son, 
Wm.  D.,  under  the  name  of  P.  Plattenburg  &  Son,  and  continued 
under  the  same  name  until  Feb.  4,  1876,  when  the  senior  partner 
retired,  and  the  business  has  been  conducted  by  Wm.  D.  since  that 
date.  The  children  are  all  living  and  in  Canton  with  the  exce})tion 
of  Albert  E.,  who  died  July  6,  1876,  at  Canton,  leaving  a  widow 
and  one  child,  Elizabeth.  His  wife  was  Anna  B.  Bewsher,  of 
Peoria.  Wm.  D.  married  Margaret  Ward,  of  Chillieothe,  C,  Jan. 
14,  1851,  and  has  5  children, — Anna  D.,  Ada  D.,  Elizabetii  G., 
Wm.  D.,  jr.,  and  Fred.  Philip  D.  and  Perry  W.  are  engaged  in 
the  drug  business  under  the  firm  name  of  Plattenburg  Bros. 

John  W.  Proctor  was  born  in  Sangamon  Co.,  in  1828,  and  was 
taken  when  an  infant  to  Lewistown,  where  he  resided  for  48  years, 
cominsr  to  Canton  in  1875,  Mr.  P.  started  the  first  bank  in  Lewis- 
town,  now  the  1st  National  Bank.  He  also  started  a  woolen  fac- 
tory there.  He  has  been  largely  identified  with  the  county,  and  at 
present  is  working  the  Williams  coal  mine  at  Canton.  He  was 
President  of  the  ()ld  Settlers'  Societv  organized  13  years  ago.  He 
married  Miss  ISIary  Antoinette,  daughter  of  Rev.  W.  K.  Talbott, 
in  1854,  at  Oquawka,  111.  They  have  2  daughters, — Frances  L. 
and  Hattie  T. 

Benjamin  Rohrer,  son  of  Henry  Rohrer,  Avas  born  in  Lancaster 
Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  17,  1833,  and  was  educated  at  the  common  schools 
at  Galesburg.  He  is  a  staunch  Rcjiublican,  and  was  appointed  a 
delegate  to  the  State  Convention  in  1878  to  nominate  State  officers. 
He  takes  deep  interest  in  educational  matters.  He  married  Mary 
Hershey  March  17,  1856,  who  was  born  in  his  native  county  March 
31,  1838.  They  have  a  family  of  9  children, — Abner,  born  Aug. 
20,  '58,  died  in  '75;  Hiram,  Feb.  22,  '60;  Benj.  F.,  Nov.  22,  '61  ; 
Emma,  Sept.  18, '63;  Abram  H.,  Jan.  8,  'Q()',  Henry  H.,  Jan.  19, 
'68;  Susan,  Feb.  26, '70;  Mary  H.,  May  30, '73,  and  John  D., 
Sept.  29,  '76. 

Christian  Rohrer,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  is  a  son  of  Henry 
Rohrer,  and  was  born  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  in  April,  1838;  mar- 
ried in  that  county  in  1860  to  Elizabeth  Herr,  who  has  borne  him 
4  children, — Henry  B.,  Adeline,  Christian,  and  Cyrus  H.  He  lives 
on  see.  14,  the  old,  original  lunnestead  of  his  father,  and  has  320 
acres  of  land  here  and  640  in  Livingston  Co.  He  remembers  when 
deer  and  wolves  were  numerous  through  this  county,  and  has  spent 


566  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

many  pleasant  clays  roaming  the  prairie  hunting  them.  Hogs,  run- 
ning wild,  wore  all  over  tiie  prairie.  A  person  could  scarcely  pass 
a  brush  lieaj)  but  a  "rail-splitter"  would  start  with  her  family  with 
an  "ugh !"  He  lost  a  drove  of  milch  cows,  which  were  gone  on  the 
prairies  for  6  weeks  before  he  found  them ;  by  this  time  they 
of  course  were  all  dry. 

Henry  Rohrer,  deceased,  came  to  this  county  in  1847,  with  his 
wife  Mary  (Doner)  Rohrer,  and  a  family  of  8  children, — Benjamin, 
Elizabeth,  Mary,  Christian,  Amanda,  Esther,  Henry  D.  and  Emma. 
He  iirst  landed  at  Quincy  when  he  came  to  the  State  and  remained 
4  months,  during  the  meantime  riding  over  the  country  on  horse- 
back looking  up  a  location,  and  finally  selected  the  homestead  in 
Canton  tp.  While  here  his  horse  died  and  he  was  obliged  to  walk 
to  Quincy,  106  miles,  to  join  his  family;  which  he  did  in  2  days. 
He  brought  considerable  means  w'ith  him,  and  at  one  time  owned 
1,500  acres  of  land  in  Canton  tp.,  much  of  which  is  still  owned  by 
his  sons.  He  probably  built  the  largest  brick  farm-house  in  the 
county,  at  a  cost  of  $20,000.  The  children  with  their  families  still 
gather  at  the  old  homestead,  occupied  by  Henry  D.,  each  Christmas 
time  and  hold  a  family  re-union.  Mr.  R.  was  a  strong,  vigorous 
man  and  the  day  j)receding  his  death  worked  and  walked  home  in 
the  evening,  a  distance  of  3  miles.  At  midnight  he  was  attacked 
with  a  stroke  of  apoplexy,  and  died  the  next  morning  at  6  o'clock. 
He  was  born  Sept.  23,  1811,  in  Lancaster  county,  Pa.,  and  died  in 
Dec.,  1875. 

Henry  D.  Rohrer  was  born  Aug.  25,  1846,  in  Lancaster  county, 
Pa.  He  w-as  brought  to  this  county  by  his  parents  in  '47.  He  mar- 
ried Mrs.  Shleich,  formerly  Nina  Broherd,  of  Farmington,  in  1878. 
She  is  the  daughter  of  Daniel  antl  Elizabeth  (Kent)  Broherd,  na- 
tives of  Ohio,  and  were  amono;  the  first  settlers  in  Fairview  town- 
ship.  Mr.  B.  died  June  9,  1879,  an<l  Mrs,  B.  still  lives  in  Farm- 
ington tp.     Elmer  Shleich,  son  of  Mrs.  R.,  is  the  only  child. 

Fike  (J.  Ross  was  born  at  Lewistown,  this  county,  July  6,  1825, 
and  is  the  son  of  Ossian  M.  Ross,  th(^  founder  of  Lewistown.  Pike 
C.  came  to  Canton  in  .Jan.,  1836.  He  attended  Jacksonville  Col- 
lege for  2  years,  and  on  returning  to  Canton  joined  Co.  K,  4th  111. 
Lif ,  and  served  one  year  in  the  war  with  Mexico.  On  returning 
home  he  began  the  study  of  medicine,  aiul  attended  the  Ohio  Med- 
ical College  at  Cincinnati.  He  returned  and  began  the  practice  of 
his  profession  at  Havana,  111.,  wiu're  lie  continued  for  4 years.  His 
eyes  becoming  aU'ected  he  traveled  through  the  East  and  South 
until  they  were  cured,  when  he  returned  to  Canton  and  has  followed 
the  medical  business  ever  since.  Li  18(56  Mr.  R.  married  Miss 
Margaret  Irwiu,  of  McDouough  county.  111.  They  have  4  children  : 
James,  Nella,  Clara  and  Anna,  all  of  w'hom  reside  in  Canton. 

James  31.  SavH/,  machinist,  was  born  in  England  in  1813;  came 
to  Canton  in  1844  and  acted  as  engineer  for  5  years.  He  then 
started  a  machine  shop  and  has  carried  on  the   same  in   Canton  to 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  567 

the  present  time,  with  moderate  success.  His  work  is  principally 
in  machinery  and  repairing  aoricuUural  implements.  He  has  7 
children:  Edward,  Francis  H.,  Daniel,  Samuel  B.,  I^onisa  and 
Bettv. 

George  W.  Seafon,  ji;rocer,  was  born  in  Indiana,  IVIay  9,  1832,  and 
came  to  Canton  in  LSol  ;  his  father,  James  Seaton,  still  lives  at  the 
old  homestead  in  Indiana.  Mr.  S.  clerked  for  some  years  and  then 
established  the  dry-<2:o()ds  business  of  Seaton  ^V:  l^nderwood.  In 
1861  the  firm  was  cluiuued  by  admitting;  Mr.  liabcock  and  carrying 
general  dry -goods  and  groceries  until  1872,  when  they  were  swept 
out  by  fire.  Mr.  S.  agtiin  went  into  business  and  in  the  fall  of 
'78  started  in  the  grocery  trade  at  his  present  location.  He  married 
Miss  Ijouisa  Oulton,  and  has  6  children:  William  Pitt,  age  20; 
Anna,  17;  Katie,  15;  Charles,  13;  Freddie,  11  ;  George,  6. 

Howard  W.  Sebree  was  born  in  1832  at  Madison,  Jefferson  Co., 
Ind.  His  parents  were  James  Sebree  and  Elizabeth  Sebree,  nee 
Trotter,  both  of  Virginia.  They  came  overland  with  one  5-horse 
and  a  2-horse  team  and  arrived  in  this  county  in  the  fall  of  '32. 
They  brought  a  family  of  7  children  :  Nancy,  Preston,  Robert  T., 
Curran,  Chas.  W.,  Howard  W.,  Eliza  J.  Robt.  T.  was  born  in 
Kentucky  and  Eliza  J.  in  Canton  and  the  others  were  born  in  Indi- 
ana. Elder  Sebree  was  a  pioneer  of  three  States.  He  settled  in 
Indiana  in  1805,  Ohio  in  1825  and  this  State  in  1832,  and  was 
called  by  his  friends  a  Daniel  Boone.  Howard  W.  was  married  at 
Lewistown,  111.,  May  27,  1852,  to  Margaret  INI.  Simpson,  a  native 
of  Philadelphia,  Pa. ;  Emma  Ij.  and  Stella  are  their  cliildren. 

0/icer  Shcplcy,  land  agent  for  the  Savages,  of  (^uiney.  He  at 
onetime  owned  vast  quantities  of  land  through  this  section.  This 
drew  many  people  to  his  house,  giving  him  a  wide  and  extended 
acquaintance.  He  formerly  ke])t  and  supj)orted  a  deer  ])ark  of 
about  12  acres.  At  times  he  had  as  many  as  32  deer  in  this  park. 
This,  with  Mr.  S's  business  and  j)olitical  ac(iuaintanee,  drew  many 
people  to  his  residence,  which  was  like  a  hotel, — people  coming  and 
going,  only  with  this  difference:  everything  was  free.  Mr.  S.  was 
also  agent  for  Geo.  I\'abody,  of  Ijondon,  Eng.,  of  world-wide 
celebritv.  He  was  a  man  of  strong  convictions  and  firm  in  what  he 
was  convinced  was  right.  AVas  in  the  Legislature  in  the  same  ses- 
sion with  Lincoln,  with  whom  he  had  many  an  argument,  being  an 
opponent  in  politics.  He  was  a  firm  believer  in  the  l^ible,  but 
never  joined  any  church.  The  year  he  came  here  a  Baptist  minis- 
ter heard  of  his  arrival  and  said  they  didn't  "want  the  dod-burned 
Yankee  here;"  but  his  curiosity  soon  led  him  to  call  around  to  see 
how  long  the  Yankee  horns  were.  When  he  called  he  was  invited 
to  take  a  "nip,"  which  in  those  days  was  customary.  He  noticed  a 
keg  of  whisky  in  the  cal)in,  and  in  a  short  time  returned  with  a 
bottle  of  honey  for  a  bottle  of  whisky. 

Thomas  J.  Shepley.  Dr.  Oliver  Shepley,  the  fiither  of  T.  J.,  was 
a  native  of  Groton,  Mass.,  where  he  was  born  in  1786;  his  parents 


568  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

were  Wilbcr  and  Lucinda  She])ley,  natives  of  Scotland.  Oliver 
visited  Illinois  in  1<S.'j2  and  l)()u<z;ht  a  farm  on  sec.  32,  which  is  owned 
by  his  son  Thomas  J.  He  foHowed  farmino;  and  always  took  a  deep 
interest  in  ])olities,  and  was  sent  to  the  Tx'gislatnre  2  terms.  He 
was  a  physician.  He  acqnired  his  medical  education  in  Paris, 
France,  and  practiced  in  Florida  for  several  years,  but  practiced 
none  after  cominji;  to  Illinois.  He  married  Mrs.  Lydia  Lawrence, 
of  Hollis,  Mass.,  about  18;32;  she  was  born  March  28,  1803.  Mrs. 
S.  had  2  children  by  former  husband,  one  of  whom  is  now  living  in 
Deerfield.  Lydia  M.  A.  married  Eli  Paull,  and  died  in  '74.  J.  T. 
married  Mary  Van  Arsdale,  of  Fairview  tp.,  daughter  of  Peter  B. 
Van  Arsdale,  in  18G6.  She  was  born  Dec.  14, 1849,  and  died  July 
28,  1878,  leaving  2  children,  Olive  and  Grace. 

Washington  S/icpIci/,  farmer,  sec.  25,  is  a  son  of  Oliver  and  Ata- 
lanta  (Phelps)  Shepley.  The  former  was  a  native  of  Groton,  Mass., 
and  the  mother,  of  Hartford,  Ct.  They  resided  in  the  State  of 
Mississippi  for  several  years,  where  Washington  was  born  in  1813. 
His  mother  died  in  1814,  when  his  father,  with  his  mother-in-law 
and  son  Washington,  traveled  by  horseback  to  Massachusetts. 
Oliver  Shepley  came  to  Illinois  in  1838  and  about  '40  to  this 
county,  and  lived  on  a  farm  one-half  mile  west  of  Canton  till  his 
death,  Nov.  17,  18(33.  He  was  elected  to  the  Legislature  on  the 
Democratic  ticket  and  was  greatly  esteemed.  Nineteen  years  after 
his  father  came  Washington  came  and  located  on  sec.  25,  where  he 
has  since  lived  and  owns  160  acres  of  land,  and  350  acres  southwest 
of  Canton.  He  married,  at  New  I])swich,  N.  H.,  Harriet  A.  Gib- 
son in  1837.  Henry  O.  is  their  only  son.  He  lives  in  this  town- 
ship. 

Jfeiveft  Alhertis  Shields,  farmer,  sec.  31.  His  father  is  James  A. 
Shields,  and  his  grandfather,  Robert  Shields,  came  to  this  county 
about  1826;  his  wife  was  Bridget  McBroom.  James  A.  Shields 
married  Betsy  McBroom.  They  iiad  8  chiklren, — Celeste,  Mary 
Etta,  Geo.  Milford,  Hewett  Albertis,  Harriet  Ida,  Robert  B.,  Jere- 
miah and  Luella.  Mrs.  J.  A.  Shields  died  in  April,  1871.  H.  W. 
mai'ried  EUen  Josej)hine  Chits,  a  native  of  Ohio,  at  Canton,  in 
1872.     Cornelia  E.,  Flora  J.  and  Fanny  are  their  children. 

Jacob  Silvern  ail,  farmer,  is  a  native  of  Chenango  Co.,  N.  Y., 
where  he  was  born  in  1820.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1837  and 
located  at  Canton,  where  he  followed  carpentering  for  10  years,  and 
was  engaged  in  the  lumber  business  and  running  the  saw-mill  on 
Copperas  creek  for  10  years  ;  and  in  1859  located  on  his  present 
farm.  In  1842  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Alice  Potter,  for- 
merly of  New  Jersey.  They  have  had  born  to  them  9  children. 
John  W.  enlisted  in  Co.  K,  103d  111.  Inf.,  in  1862,  and  had  served 
15  months,  when  he  was  mortally  wounded  at  ISIission  Ridge,  dying 
the  next  night  succeeding  the  battle.  His  remains  were  brought 
home  and  now  rest  in  Canton  cemetery.     Mary  J.,  Melissa  A.,  Hat- 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  569 

tie,  Bell,  Adelia,  Lydia,  and  eToscphine  are  their  children.     Mr.  and 
Mrs.  S.  have  been  members  of  the  Baptist  Cluirch  for  30  years. 

Leonard  D.  SlociDn  is  a  native  of  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  where 
he  was  born  in  1<S23,  and  is  the  son  of  Walter  and  Sally  (Austin) 
Slocum,  natives  of  Rhode  Island  and  of  German  descent.  Mr.  S. 
came  to  Illinois  in  Feb.,  1858,  and  located  at  Peoria,  and  in  LSBO 
moved  to  Canton  and  engaged  in  the  distillery  business  under  the 
firm  name  of  McCall  &  Co.,  the  partners  being  James  H.  McCall 
and  Stephen  P.  Slocum.  They  continued  tiie  business  till  '67, 
when  the  firm  dissolved.  Both  his  partners  are  deceased.  Mr.  S. 
married  Eliza  Leary,  native  of  Ireland,  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  May 
14,  1854.  She  is  a  daughter  of  John  and  Margaret  (Buckly)  Leary, 
and  was  only  8  years  old  when  her  parents  came  to  this  country. 
They  have  2  children, — Charles  S.  and  Ida  INI.  Mr.  S.  owns  a  farm 
of  221  acres  one  mile  west  from  the  Public  Square  in  the  city  of 
Canton,  and  one  of  the  pleasantest  locations  in  the  county. 

John  Sloss,  sr.,  was  a  native  of  North  Carolina.  His  parents 
moved  into  Kentucky  when  he  was  an  infant,  and  there  he  was 
raised.  His  wife,  Elizabeth  W.  (Butler)  Sloss  was  a  native  of  W. 
Virginia.  They  were  married  in  Kentucky,  and  came  to  this  conn- 
ty  in  1833.  Mr.  S.  died  in  1850,  Mrs.  S.  in  1868,  and  consigned 
to  rest  in  the  Canton  cemetery. 

Aiif/uMus  B.  Smith,  merchant,  was  born  at  Greenfield,  Saratoga 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1830,  and  came  to  Canton  first  in  '49,  and  settled 
permanently  in  1853.  In  1862  he  entered  the  army  as  Lieutenant 
in  103d  111.  Inf.  He  was  promoted  to  the  Ca])taincy,  and  served 
on  Gen.  Woods'  staff  as  Inspector-General.  He  })articipated  in 
many  noted  engagements,  and  came  through  unscathed,  and  at  the 
close  of  the  war  entered  the  hardware  business  at  (Vinton,  where  he 
has  been  ever  since. 

David  31.  Smith,  deceased,  Mr.  S.  first  came  to  this  county  in 
1836.  He  was  a  native  of  Dover,  Del.,  and  his  wife,  Ann  Jj.  C. 
(Hall)  Smith,  was  a  native  of  Chestertown,  Md.  Mr.  S.  was  a  mer- 
chant tailor  at  Canton  for  many  years.  He  was  a  member  of  the 
M.  E.  Church  at  Baltimore  from  1826  to  '28,  but  on  account  of  the 
non-representation  of  lay  members  and  the  pro-slavery  proclivities 
of  the  Church,  he  withdrew  from  that  denomination.  He  was  one 
of  the  founders  of  the  Protestant  Mcth.  Church  North,  of  which  he 
was  an  active,  earnest  member.  He  had  often  expressed  a  wish 
that,  the  Lord  being  willing,  when  he  came  to  die  he  might  breathe 
his  last  in  the  house  of  God,  and  on  the  Lord's  day.  His  wish  was 
granted.  Fifteen  minutes,  perhaps,  after  services  liad  begun  in  the 
M.  E.  church,  of  Canton,  on  Sunday,  Feb.  11,  1866,  he  was  seen 
to  rise  suddenly  in  his  seat  and  ask  for  his  hat.  ^lembers  of  the 
congregation  rushed  to  his  aid,  but  before  or  by  the  time  they  could 
get  him  to  the  church  door  he  expired  in  their  arms.  He  left  a 
widow  and  3  children.  She  still  lives,  residing  with  her  son,  C.  H., 
at  the  advanced  age  of  80.     The  children's  names  are  :  Georgia  Etta, 


570  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

wife  of  Abrani  Fash,  of  Chicago;  David  M.,  jr.,  and  Chas.  Henry 
are  living  in  Canton  and  carrying  on  the  bakery  and  confectionery 
bnsines:?. 

Chas.  31.  tSnyder,  agent  C,  B.  &  Q.  Railroad,  Canton.'  Mr.  S. 
was  born  in  Canton  in  1856.  His  parents,  Geo.  M.  and  ^lary  C. 
(Dunlap)  Snyder,  of  Ohio,  were  early  settlers  in  this  county.  Six 
brothers  and  2  sisters  of  George  M.  Snyder  settled  at  Canton  the 
same  time  he  did.  C.  M.  has  been  connected  with  the  C,  B.  &  Q. 
road  for  8  years,  5  years  of  which  time  he  has  been  agent  at  Can- 
ton.    He  married  Miss  Helen  Schanck,  of  Keokuk,  la. 

Georr/e  M.  Snyder  was  born  in  Franklin  county.  Pa.,  in  1830,  and 
was  brought  to  Canton  by  his  father,  Peter  L.  Snyder,  in  1837. 
Peter  L.  started  the  first  furniture  factory  in  Canton ;  he  had  6  sons 
and  2  daughters:  L.  A.,  the  eldest  son  died  2  years  ago  at  Galva, 
111.;  Catharine  A.,  wife  of  S.  P.  Miller,  of  Canton;  Thomas  W., 
David  W.,  Robert  C,  Matilda  J.  and  John  H.  Peter  L.  married 
Miss  Sarah  Williamson,  of  Maryland,  in  1825.  He  died  in  Can- 
ton in  1860;  Mrs.  S.  in  1870.  The  4  eldest  sons  bought  out  the 
business  in  1853  and  the  3  brothers  individually  sold  at  different 
periods  to  Geo.  M.  until  1863  he  became  sole  proprietor  of  the 
establishment.  He  had  a  severe  illness  in  1878,  brought  on  by 
sun-stroke,  and  was  compelled  to  sell  his  business,  his  son  Charles 
being  the  purchaser.  He  married  Miss  Mary  C.  Dunlap,  of  Ver- 
mont, 111.,  in  1852.  Grace  L.,  Chas.  M.,  Wm,  L.,  Mary  and  Effie 
C.  are  their  living  children.     Geo.  E.  died  in  infancy. 

John  M.  Sni/der,  })roprietor  of  gas-works,  Canton,  was  born  in 
Scott  county,  111.,  in  1841  ;  his  father  Gilbert  S.,  was  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania,  came  to  Morgan  county.  111,  near  Jacksonville,  in 
1830,  and  was  a  millwright  and  machinist  by  trade;  he  built  most 
of  the  mills  in  the  central  part  of  the  State.  John  ]M.  served  (jov. 
Yates  as  Military  Secretary,  during  the  war,  and  after  filling  other 
responsible  positions  came  to  Canton  in  1876,  and  subsequently 
erected  gas-works  which  compare  favorably  with  any  other  of  their 
size  in  the  State.  Has  51  street  lamjis  now  in  use,  in  the  central 
porti<»n  of  the  city,  and  there  are  nearly  200  private  consumers. 
Works  located  in  the  western  part  of  the  city. 

Phineof!  C.  Stearns  is  a  native  of  Lawrence  county,  X.  Y.,  and  is 
the  son  of  Phineas  and  ^lartha  (Cooper)  Stearns,  the  former  of 
Brattleboro,  Vt.,  and  his  mother  of  Connecticut.  They  came  to 
this  county  in  1836  and  located  in  Canton.  P.  C.  was  educated  at 
Cazenovia  Institute,  New  York.  He  has  been  Associate  County 
Judge,  County  Commissioner,  and  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  nearly 
40  years.  He  was  married  in  this  county  in  1836  to  Hannah 
Rawalt,  and  has  a  family  of  .3  children, — Mary  E.,  wife  of  Wm.  H. 
Trites;  Randolph  H.  and  Eva  May. 

B.  B.  Stevenson,  lawyer,  was  born  in  Ross  county,  O.,  Aug.  20, 
1825;  began  the  study  of  law  under  the  able  direction  of  Judge 
Winston  Paul  at  Hillsborough,  Highland  county,  O.,  in  1846;  was 


p.  Y.   CUSTER 


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HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  ot3 

admitted  to  the  bar  in  1848,  and  began  the  praetiee  of  his  jirofession 
in  his  native  eity,  and  edited  tlie  Hillshorouiili  (i(r:cifc.  In  1854 
he  assoeiated  himself  wtih  the  J^ar  of  Jackson  eoiintv,  and  was  tlie 
choiee  of  the  people  to  represent  Jackson  and  Vinton  counties  to 
the  Legislature  in  1857,  and  served  one  term  as  Prosecuting  At- 
torney in  Highland  county.  For  two  years  after  his  settling  in 
Lewistown  he  was  associated  ^vith  Lewis  Ross,  which  ])artnerslii]) 
was  dissolved  two  years  later.  In  July  1,  1879,  he  removed  to 
Canton,  where  his  ability  as  a  hnvyer  is  well  known,  and  he  is  build- 
ing up  a  lucrative  practice.  He  was  married  to  Miss  Catherine  B. 
Kennedy,  a  native  of  Va.,  an  estimable  lady  who  died  in  1856. 
Of  their  several  children  one  is  living,  Edwin  Lee.  His  present 
wife  was  Maria  Louisa  L.  Kellv,  daughter  of  W.  B.  Proctor  and 
widow  of  W.  B.  Kelly. 

Dr.  0.  G.  Strong  was  born  in  Ohio,  Aug.  12,  1818,  and  is  a  son  of 
Ozias  G.  Strong,  a  farmer,  lawyer,  and  a  Magistrate  for  30  years  at 
AVilksville.  His  mother's  maiden  name  was  Anice  Grcfforv.  The 
Strong  family  came  from  England  to  the  U.  S.  in  the  early  history 
of  the  country.  O.  G.  was  educated  in  Columbus,  and  attended 
medical  lectures  and  ])racticed  the  old-school  system  for  several 
years ;  then  moved  to  St.  Louis,  and  after  practicing  there  a 
year  moved  to  Hannibal,  to  enter  into  the  mercantile  business.     In 

1853  he  was  elected  Marshal  and  Collector  of  city  revenue,  and  in 
'55  went  to  La  Grange  where  the  following  year  he  was  chosen  Re- 
corder and  Pt)lice  Magistrate.  During  his  residence  in  this  citv  he 
changed  his  views  of  the  practice  of  medicine  to  the  homeopathic 
system,  and  in  1858  came  to  Canton  and  began  to  practice  in  the 
new  system.  He  graduated  at  the  Medical  College  of  St.  Louis 
in  1858;  and  his  third  son,  C.  H.  Strong,  has  just  graduated  in  the 
New  York  Medical  College,  having  taken  a  full  course  of  lectures 
both  in  that  city  and  Cincinnati. 

James  SfocMdle,  fixrmer,  WHS  born  in  Yorkshire,  Eng.,  in  1815. 
His  father,  W.  Stockdale,  married  Miss  Mary  Cook,  and  with  their 
family  of  8  children  came  to  the  U.  S.  in  1830.  Five  of  these  chi Id nni 
are  living, — James,  John,  Taber,  Caroline  and  Ann.  flames  married 
Harriet  Cutting,  native  of  Essex,  Eng.,  by  whom  he  had  6  children, 
3  of  whom  are  living, — Albert  J.,  Amelia  and  Phoebe,  His  first 
wife  dying  he  married  Miss  Rachel  Penny,  by  whom  he  had  6  chil- 
dren, 5  of  whom  are  living:  Hattie,  Grace,  May,  Laura,  Maud, 
Edwin  J.  and  Mattie.  Mr.  S.  went  to  St.  Louis  in  1839,  and  in 
1849  came  to  Canton  and  opened  the  first  meat  market  here.     In 

1854  he  went  into  partnership  with  Stipj)  &  Maple  and  carried  on 
a  packing-house,  slaughtering  15,000  hogs  in  one  winter.  In  1804 
sold  to  Mr.  McCall  for  ^10,000.  He  now  lives  near  Canton  where 
he  has  2  large  cider-presses.  Capt.  Sidney  A.  >Stockdale,  his  eldest 
son,  enlisted  in  the  8th  HI.  Inf.  in  '61,  and  was  detailed  on  Gen. 
Grant's  staif,  promoted  to  Adjutant  of  the  7th  Cav. ;  helped  get  up 
the  103d  regt.  and   was   Capt.  of  Co.  C,  and  again  assigned  to  Gen. 

35 


57-1  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

Grant's  staff;  was  Provost  Marshal  at  Nashville;  was  Deputy  Col- 
lector at  New  Orleans.  Travehnl  for  his  health  in  1S()4,  hut  died 
Dee.  2-'),  1864.  Mr.  S's  second  son  was  1st  Lieutenant  of"  Co.  li., 
17th  III.  Inf.,  and  died  Aug  27,  '68. 

William  M.  Swisher,  M.  D.,  was  horn  at  Stanton,  Augusta  Co., 
Va.,  in  1827.  His  ]);i rents  were  Jaeoh  and  Catherine  (Palm)  Swisher. 
They  removed  to  Mereer  Co.,  A'^a.,  when  he  was  a  small  hoy,  where 
they  remained  until  their  death.  Dr.  S.  eame  to  Farmington,  this 
county,  in  1851 ;  one  year  later  moved  to  Elm  wood,  where  he  prac- 
ticed until  '60,  when  he  came  to  Canton.  He  received  his  education 
mostly  at  Kinsman,  O.,  and  at  Alleghany  College,  Meadville,  Pa. 
He  read  medicine  with  Dr.  D.  B.  Packard  of  Greenville,  Pa.,  for  4 
years  and  during  and  after  this  time  attended  the  Cleveland,  O., 
Medical  College,  graduating  in  1852.  The  Doctor,  although  not 
in  the  regular  service  as  surgeon  in  the  Rehellion,  volunteered  his 
services  in  a  private  ca])acity  in  taking  care  of  the  wounded  at  Fts. 
Donelson,  Hymen  and  Henry,  and  had  charge  of  a  ward  in  the 
hospital  at  Moun  City,  111.  He  married,  in  1853,  Susan  Campbell. 
He  has  but  one  child,  Edwin  S.  Swisher,  also  a  physician,  who  has 
recently  moved  to  Peoria.  He  has  enjoyed  unusual  facilities  for 
acquiring  a  thorough  medical  and  surgical  education.  He  is  a  grad- 
uate of  the  medical  department  of  the  ITniversity  of  New  York  City 
and  of  the  New  York  Medical  Institute ;  also  attended  lectures  at 
Bellevue  Hosi)ital  Medical  College,  N.  Y.,  a  course  at  Rush  Medi- 
cal College,  Chicrgo,  and  in  addition  several  hospital  courses,  in- 
cluding Charity  Hospital,  New  York,  Cook  Co.  liospital,  Chicago, 
etc. 

3[rs.  Harriet  Tat/lor  was  born  in  Buckheart  township,  this  county, 
and  is  the  daughter  of  A.  Jackson  and  Jane  (Hcndershot)  Whitnali, 
both  of  whom  reside  in  Canton.  She  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Samuel  Taylor  March  17,  1853.  He  died  Sept.  8,  1876.  Mr.  Taylor 
taught  school  in  this  county  for  a  few  years,  moved  to  Iowa  M'ith  his 
family  and  engaged  in  mercantile  business  at  Troy  and  Ottumwa, 
but  returned  in  1866.  Mrs.  T.  has  a  family  of  7  children  ;  Ch;is.  E., 
Jennie  M.,  Andrew  J.  Calvin  A.,  Annie  M.,  Allie  F.  and  Evaline. 
Chas.  mirried  Josie  Hill,  of  Harlan,  Iowa,  March  2,  1879,  and  now 
resides  in  that  State;  the  other  children  all  live  with  their  mother. 
She  has  ])een  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  for  18  yenrs. 

Robert  Tdj/lor,  deceased,  was  born  in  171)8,  iu  Nova  Scotia,  of 
Scotch  ancestry.  His  forefathers  moved  to  Ireland,  where  at  Lon- 
donderry his  grandfather,  Matthew  Taylor,  lived  for  some  time, 
and  then  emigrated  to  Nova  Scotia;  but  in  171)8  he  moved  to  Ohio, 
taking  Robert  with  him.  The  Intter  when  grown,  first  came  to  In- 
diana, then  to  this  Co.  in  1831  and  married  Mary  McClcary,  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania,  and  after  wintering  at  Knoxville  returned  to  In- 
diana; came  back  to  Illinois  in  the  fall  of  1832  and  located  on  sec. 
7,  this  tp.,  but  in  18;}:}  bought  a  fu'in  on  sec.  6,  where  he  remained 
for  33  years,  and  then,  in   1866,   he  moved  to  Canton,  where  he 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  575 

died  Aug.  29,  187(3,  his  wife  hnvingdied  tlie  22d  of  the  same  month, 
aged  79  years.  Their  eliildren  were  Calvin,  Jolm  M.,  Samuel  W., 
Margaret,  Marv  Jane,  Edward  and  Angeline.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Taylor 
were  Presbyterians,  he  having  been  an  Elder  for  50  years.  He  was 
a  zealous  Republican,  but  he  never  took  a  prominent  part  in  politics. 
He  had  often  been  asked  to  be  Justice  of  the  Peace,  but  he  always 
refused. 

James  M.  Thompson,  proprietor  of  Edgewood  Farm,  one  and  a 
half  miles  from  Canton,  and  breeder  of  blooded  stock ;  was  born 
June  1,  1814,  at  Hackettstown,  N.  J.,  and  is  the  son  of  Lewis  and 
Sarah  (Chidester)  Thompson,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1837. 
Lewis  died  in  1847  ;  his  widow  lives  with  her  son,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  at  the  age  of  86  years.  James  M.  was  in  the  hardware 
business  6  or  7  years  in  New  York  city,  and  during  that  time  spent 
2  Avinters  in  Xew  Orleans  est-ablishing  a  branch  store  there.  He 
came  to  this  county  in  1840,  locating  in  Canton,  where  he  carried 
on  the  dry-goods  business  for  a  few  years.  Pie  ke])t  the  Farmer's 
Inn  for  3  years,  the  Fulton  House,  now  the  Churchill,  I'or  5  years. 
He  sold  this  house  and  took  ^13,500  Fulton  Co.  bonds  in  payment. 
The  county  rei)udiate(l  th(>  lionds,  and  Mr.  T.  lost  the  entir(>  amount. 
He  was  married  at  Danville,  X.  J.,  Jan.,  1841,  to  Anna  R.  Flem- 
ing. Nine  children  have  been  born  to  them:  Sarah,  deceased,  John 
F.,  Catharine  F.,  Lewis,  Samuel  M.,  Chas.  I.,  deceased,  Belle,  Clara, 
deceased,  Fraidv.  ^Slr.  T.  commenced  farming  in  1802  and  has  a 
farm  of  410  acres,  finely  improvetl,  and  a  living  spring  of  water  on 
every  40  acres.  He  has  made  a  specialty  of  feeding  Short-Horn 
cattle  and  Berkshire  hogs.  This  business  is  now  carried  on  by  his 
sons,  S.  M.  and  J.  F.  Thompson,  on  his  fiarm  ;  and  they  have  a  herd 
of  300  licrkshires.  They  have  ])nid  as  high  as  |^90O  for  one  hog, 
which  was  imj)orted  and  on  exhibition  at  the  Centennial. 

Joseph  Thornhorrow,  farmer,  sec.  9,  is  a  native  of  Cumberland- 
shire,  England,  where  he  was  born  Nov.  23,  1835.  His  parents 
were  Wm.  and  Hannah  A.  (Cam])bell)  Tliornborrow.  Thev  came 
to  the  U.  S.  in  March,  l'S57,  and  lived  in  New  York  for  8  months, 
and  came  to  Fulton  Co.,  and  have  lived  here  since,  with  the  excep- 
tion of  about  2  years  spent  in  California.     He  was  married  to  P^mma 

A.  Custer  in  Sept.,  1<S04.     She  is  a  daughter  of  P.  G.  and  Hannah 

B.  (Albright)  Custer,  who  settled  in  this  county  in  1857.  Wm. 
Grant  is  their  only  child.  The  farm  ui)on  which  he  resides  is  the 
old  Custer  homestead,  and  is  the  premium  farm  of  the  county,  and 
took  the  premium  when  the  Fulton  Co.  Fair  was  at  its  height  of 
prosperity. 

George  Gruber  Trifes,  farmer,  sec.  31,  moved  on  his  ])reseut  farm 
in  1845  and  has  resided  there  since.  He  nuirried  at  Phila(l('l|)hia, 
Pa.,  Louisa  Davis.  They  have  had  10  children  born  to  them,  all 
of  whom  are  living:  Larena  D.,  wife  of  Theo.  Barnard;  Geo.  D. 
lives  at  Mt.  Pleasant,  Iowa;  Caj)t.  Wm.  H. ;  Milan;  Lydia  ;  Eliza; 
Margaret ;  Louisa  married  Chas.    M.  Lilly ;    Lewis  E. ;  John    and 


576  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Susan.  Wm.  H.  enlisted  in  ITtli  Til.  Inf.  as  Sergt.  for  100  days, 
then  for  3  vears  ;  was  promoted  1st  Lieut.,  then  Cn})t.  L(  wis  E.  and 
George  D.also  served  in  the  late  war.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  T.  are 
members  of  the  New  Jerusalem  Church  ;  Mr.  T.  for  56  years  and 
Mrs.  T.  for  63  years.  Our  subject  was  born  in  Delaware  Co.,  Pa., 
i  1  Oct.,  1801,  and  came  to  Illinois  in  1844.  His  parents  were  ^^'m. 
and  Lvdia  (Trainor)  Trites.  Mrs.  T.'s  parents  were  Ocorge  and 
Esther  (Griffith)  Davis,  whose  forefathers  ci-me  to  Pennsylvania 
with  Wm.  Penn.  Michael  Trites,  the  grandparent  of  Mr.  T.,  came 
to  America  before  the  Revolution  and  served  in  that  war. 

George  W.  Tucker  is  a  native  of  Farmington  township,  where  he 
was  born  in  Nov.,  1849.  He  married  Mary  Durhmd,  of  Fairview 
tp.,  who  has  borne  him  one  child,  Cordia  Myrtle.  His  parents  were 
Eleven  and  Catharine  (Lake)  Tucker,  the  former  born  near  Cincin- 
nati, O.,  and  the  latter  in  the  city.  They  came  to  this  county  about 
1828  and  settled  in  Fairview  tp.,  but  in  5  years  bought  a  iarm  on 
sec.  4,  Farmington  tp.  Eleven  Tucker  ditd  in  June,  1M5,  leaving 
a  widow  and  5  children  :  Henry  AV.,  J.  Madison,  Geo.  W.,  Hannah 
A.  and  Chas.  M.  James  M.  is  single  and  resides  with  his  mother 
on  the  old  homestead.  Eleven  Tucker  occupied  a  prcmin(nt  posi- 
tion in  Farmington  tp.,  and  was  respected  by  all  who  knew  him, 
and  left  his  family  in  good  circumstances. 

Jane  Van  Miildlesworth,  Canton  tp.,  was  born  Sept.  28,  1809,  in 
New  Jersey ;  her  father,  John  Addis,  also  a  native  of  that  State, 
died  in  1876  at  the  age  of  94;  her  mother,  Ann  McCullom,  also  a 
native  of  New  Jersey,  died  in  1839,  at  the  age  of  54  years;  her 
maiden  name  was  Addis;  she  was  married  in  1832,  and  came  to  this 
ccmntv  in  1835,  with  her  husband,  who  died  in  June,  1867;  their 
children  are  Waldron,  Addis,  James  (died  in  infiincy),  James  and 
Marv  Elizabeth.  Addis  served  in  Co.  E,  103d  111.  Inf  Mrs.  Van 
M.  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church.  Her  father  was  a  distil- 
ler, furniture  dealer  and  lastly  a  plow  and  wagon  manuflicturer. 
Her  husband  was  a  Democrat'  Mrs.  Y.  since  her  husband's  death 
has  been  a  very  active  worker  as  the  estate  proved  to  be  les>  than 
was  expected.  '  She  bought  and  sold  land,  making  money  in  every 
transaction,  and  to-day  she  has  her  children  all  located  in  good 
homes  with  prospects  for  future  prosperity.  Even  at  the  age  of  70 
she  is  a  better  financier  than  many  of  her  juniors. 

D.  ir.  Vittum  is  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  now  living  in  the 
county,  and  one  of  its  most  prominent  business  men,  being  person- 
allv  identified  with  very  important  business  interests  in  Canton  for  40 
years,  and  now  President  of  the  National  Bank.  He  was  born  at 
Sandwich,  Strafford  Co.,  N.  H.,  in  1810,  and  first  came  to  this  coun- 
tv  in  Dec,  1835,  at  which  time,  as  nearly  as  Mr.  V.  now  recollects, 
Canton  was  a  place  of  some  200  inhabitants.  Having  brought  with 
him  goods  suitable  to  stock  a  general  store,  he  rented  a  building  for 
that  purpo.se  on  the  corner  of  Prairie  and  Union  streets.  During 
the  first  vear  he  erected  a  stone-building  on  the  southwest  corner  of 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  577 

the  square,  and  now  occupied  as  a  meat  market.  Ever  since  then 
Mr.  V.  has  been  actively  cno;aged  in  various  kinds  of"  business.  The 
first  year  of  his  business  here  money  was  plenty  with  almost  every- 
body, and  continued  to  be  until  1837,  the  year  of  the  great  panic. 
During  the  early  part  of  that  year  he  had  been  to  New  York  and 
bought  $40,00u  worth  of  goods,  but  had  scarcely  unpacked  them 
when  the  panic  struck  the  country,  and  it  was  impossible  to  sell 
goods  for  cash.  He  had  bougiit  his  stock  on  time,  as  was  the  cus- 
tom, and  the  inability  to  sell  for  cash  caused  great  embarrassment 
to  business.  But  extensions  being  granted  by  Eastern  creditors 
and  renewed  from  time  to  time  for  about  5  years,  all  obliga- 
tions were  met  and  the  people  once  more  free.  Mr.  V.  was  mar- 
ried at  Canton  in  18«38  to  Celinda  B.  White,  of  Long  Island,  N.  Y. 
The  children  by  this  marriage  were:  George  B.,  now  merchant  of 
Canton  ;  So])hia,  who  died  at  the  age  of  3,  and  Celinda,  who  died 
in  infancy.  Mrs.  V.  died  in  1850.  He  married  in  December  of 
1850  Harriet  S.  Childs,  of  York,  N.  Y.  Their  children  are  Chas. 
C,  Fred  D.  and  Will.  C.,  all  living  in  Canton. 

Nathaniel  Vitium  was  born  in  N.  H.  in  1804;  his  father,  Tufton 
v.,  was  a  native  of  the  same  State,  and  married  Dollie  Weed,  also 
a  native  of  N.  H. ;  they  had  3  children, — Sallie  (now  Mrs.  Vittum), 
Nathaniel  and  D.  W.  They  came  to  Fulton  Co.  about  1836. 
Nathaniel  came  to  Canton  in  1837,  purchased  480  acres  of  land, 
and  has  followed  farming  ever  since.  He  married  Miss  Clara 
Palmer,  a  native  of  N.  H.,  and  they  have  had  three  children, — 
Sarah  Jane,  Daniel  and  Martin  Van  Buren,  deceased.  Mr.  V.  now 
occupies  his  residence  in  Canton. 

William  Waddle,  blacksmith,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1831, 
and  came  to  Peoria  Co.  in  1855,  and  engaged  at  his  trade  until  the 
war  broke  out;  then  lie  joined  the  55th  HI.  Inf.  and  engaged  in  the 
camj):iign  from  Paducah  to  the  evacuation  of  Corinth.  Mr.  W. 
served  his  apprenticeship  at  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  and  has  worked  at  his 
trade  31  years.  He  has  made  the  study  of  geology  a  specialty,  and 
has  a  fine  collection  of  the  stony  corals,  gathered  within  a  circuit  of 
10  miles  of  Canton.  They  embra(^e  the  most  interesting  geological 
specimens  of  this  section,  as  the  stomatopores,  madrepores,  astrjeas, 
calcite,  syringo])ores,  etc. 

Jacob  Y.  Wallack,  ice  dealer,  was  born  in  the  Buckeye  State  in 
18  44,  and  came  to  Knox  Co.,  111.,  in  1848,  and  reared  on  a  farm, 
and  at  the  age  of  21  learned  the  art  of  photography  and  followed  it 
for  3  years,  when  he^entered  the  army  and  served  2  years;  after  his 
disch:U'ge  he  embarked  in  the  milling  business  at  Buckheart,  111.,  and 
at  the  end  of  5  years  came  to  Canton  and  entered  the  ice  business, 
at  which  he  has  been  engaged  for  the  past  G  years.  He  also  has  the 
rainagement  of  Crystal  Spring  Lake  and  picnic  grounds,  situated 
about  one  mile  from  the  Square.  T\w  lake  is  20  rods  in  width  and 
70  in  length,  on  which  he  has  10  pleasure  boats  and  a  small  wheel- 
steamer  with  capacity  of  carrying  30  grown  people  and  40  children, 


578  HISTORY   OF    FULTOX   COUNTY. 

thus  affordint;  tlic  residents  of  Canton  and  vicinity  a  most  delight- 
ful resort  for  picnics  and  parties. 

ArfliKi-  Wdlkcr,  attorney,  of  the  firm  of  Whitney,  Walker  & 
Walker,  is  a  son  of  the  late  Henry  Walker,  and  was  born  in  Can- 
ton, Aui>-.  15,  1S.")4.  He  was  educated  partly  at  the  Canton  High 
School  and  hejian  the  study  of  law  at  the  age  of  19.  He  attended 
the  law  departnient  of  the  Michigan  University  for  2  years,  and 
July  4,  1877,  on  completion  of  his  studies,  was  admitted  to  the  Bar. 

Daniel  W.  Walker  was  born  in  Windham  county,  Yt.,  in  1835. 
His  father,  Bliss  Walker,  was  of  the  same  county  ;  Edward  Walker, 
his  grandfather,  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  the  State  of  Vermont 
and  a  soldier  in  the  Revolution.  His  mother  was  Lovina  Newell, 
of  the  same  place;  left  for  Mississippi  in  1852;  returned  to  Roches- 
ter, Mass.,  and  taught  in  the  Academy  for  2  years;  came  west  in 
1857  and  located  in  Canton,  and  since  has  been  closely  engaged  in 
business.  He  was  married  to  Miss  ^Slather  E.  Walter,  daughter  of 
Dr.  James  Walter,  of  Canton,  in  May,  1858.  Lillie  S.,  Mather  E., 
Edward,  Xellie  and  Frederick  are  their  children. 

Henri/  Walker,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Xew  York  City.  His 
parents  were  of  Scotch  descent  and  strong  Presbyterians,  and  they 
determined  to  educate  their  son  for  the  ministry ;  but  before  his 
studies  were  completed,  it  not  Ijeing  agreeable  to  him,  he  left  school 
and  home  when  quite  young  and  began  for  himself,  although  his 
parents  were  wealthy.  He  traveled  quite  extensively,  both  in 
Europe  and  the  United  States,  and  finally  located  at  La  Porte,  Ind., 
doing  a  })lastering  and  mason  business.  He  came  to  Canton  in 
1834  and  followed  the  same  business  for  several  years,  and  erected 
many  of  the  prominent  buildings.  He  held  many  responsible 
official  ])usitions,  and  was  an  active  member  of  the  Democratic 
party.  During  the  last  16  years  of  his  life,  was  actively  engaged 
in  the  jiractice  of  law.  He  married  at  La  Porte,  Ind.,  Mary  Hines. 
TheJr  children  both  living  and  dead  are :  Emily,  deceased  ;  Jeifer- 
son,  deceased;  Job,  who  was  County  Treasurer  from  1874 to '78  and 
now  lives  at  Atlantic,  la.;  Alfred,  Harriet  and  Leonidas,  all  de- 
ceased; and  Meredith,  Ann  and  Arthur,  living  in  the  county. 

Hon.  Meredith  Walker,  of  the  law  firm  of  Whitney,  Walker  & 
Walker,  was  born  at  Canton  in  1848,  received  his  education  at  the 
Canton  schools,  read  law  from  the  age  of  10  years,  and  was  admitted 
to  the  Bar  July  19,  1874.  He  was  elected  to  the  Illinois  State 
Senate  from  the  25th  District  in  1878  and  occupied  a  seat  in  that 
bodv  durinjr  it"^  31st  session.  He  is  the  vonng-est  member  of  the 
Senate,  being  only  29  years  old  when  elected.  He  was  married 
!March  3,  1874,  to  Ada  Hazen,  daughter  of  John  Hazen,  of  Canton. 
]Mr.  W.  is  a  strong  adherent  to  the  Democratic  party. 

R.  Whiteleji  was  born  in  Yorkshire,  England,  in  1822,  came 
to  r^\nton  in  1849,  and  began  work  at  'Si 4  jicr  month.  He  fi)llowed 
brick-making  and  eventually  bought  the  j)roperty  where  he  first 
conimeuced  to   work,  and  where  a  fine  bank  of  clay  some  12  feet 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  579 

deep  aiFords  abundant  material  for  brick-making.  He  married 
Elizabeth  Royle,  in  England,  by  whom  he  has  had  a  family  of  5 
children,  2  of  whom  are  living  in  Canton, — George  and  Thomas. 
His  first  wife  died  and  he  married  Elizabeth  Richards,  of  Franklin 
county,  Pa. 

Abram  B.  Whitenack,  farmer,  a  native  of  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y., 
where  he  was  born  in  1825.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1850,  and 
located  on  sec.  16,  Canton  tp.,  where  he  now  resides.  In  1851  he 
married  Sarah  Ann  Hazen  at  her  father's,  John  Hazen,  in 
Canton  tp.  Mr,  W.'s  parents  were  Andrew  and  Hannah  (John- 
son) Whitenack,  the  former  of  New  Jersey  and  the  latter  of 
Pennsylvania.  Mr.  H.  helped  to  build  the  first  frame  house  in 
Canton.  They  had  9  children, — Elisha,  Zaba,  Susan  M.,  Mary, 
Sarah  A.,  Elizabeth,  John,  Hannah  and  Jacob.  All  the  girls  are 
married  and  now  livinp;  in  the  countv,  and  all  the  bovs  are  dead. 

Joseph  B.  Whittnore  was  born  in  Frederick  Co.,  Md.,  May  14, 
1807.  His  parents  were  Jonah  and  Catharine  (Smith)  Whitmore. 
His  mother  was  a  daughter  of  Capt.  John  Smith  of  the  Revolution- 
ary war.  His  father  was  a  native  of  Maryland,  and  moved  to 
Pennsylvania  in  1811,  where  he  farmed  until  1844;  then  he  came 
to  Fulton  Co.,  locating  on  sec.  19,  Orion  tp.,  where  he  farmed  until 
his  death  in  1845.  His  wife  died  July  16,  1868.  Joseph  B.  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Ann  Harcleroad,  a  native  of  Bedford  Co., 
Pa.  They  had  7  children, — H.  Jackson,  Mary  Jane,  Simon  Peter, 
Ann  Eliza,  David,  Lizzie  and  James.  Mj-s.  W.  died  June  30, 
1845.  His  second  wife  was  Catharine  Lavton, — Mrs.  Frost  at  the 
time  of  marriage.  He  owns  a  farm  on  sec.  30,  Orion  tp.,  but  re- 
sides in  Canton. 

Andrew  J.  Whitnah,  fiirmer,  was  born  at  West  Liberty,  W.  Va., 
Feb.  23,  1815.  His  father,  William  Burns  Whitnah,  a  native  of 
Virginia,  moved  his  family  to  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1819,  and 
farmed  for  13  years;  he  then  lived  4  years  in  Michigan.  Andrew 
J.  married  Miss  Elizabeth  J.  Hendershott,  of  New  York,  April 
12,  1836,  and  2  days  later  the  entire  family  started  in  wagons  for 
Galena,  111.,  but  on  reaching  Ottawa,  so  difficult  was  it  to  obtain 
provisions  that  they  were  diverted  from  their  purpose,  and  follow- 
ing down  the  Illinois  river,  came  to  Fulton  county,  where,  with 
few  changes,  they  have  remained  since  and  are  now  residing  on  a 
fine  farm  adjoining  Canton.  They  have  had  11  children,  5  of 
whom  are  living :  Harriet,  the  widow  of  Taylor,  of  Canton  tp. ; 
Hiram  A.,  of  Buckheart  tp. ;  Joseph  C,  on  the  old  homestead  in 
Buckheart ;  Andrew  J.,  jr.,  of  Lewistown  tp.,  and  Effie  J.,  at  home. 
W.  H.  Wil.son,  son  of  John  B.  Wilson,  an  early  settler,  is  a 
native  of  Buckheart  tp.,  this  county,  and  was  born  in  1847.  He 
is  now  farming  on  sec.  36,  Canton  tp.  He  married  in  Dec.,  1868, 
Miss  Mary  Shriner,  daughter  of  John  Shriner,  deceased.  His 
widow  is  living  with  W.  H.  Wilson,  her  son-in-law,  on  the  old 
homestead.  W^  R.  enlisted  in  the  7th  111.  Cav.  in  1864,  then  be- 
ing only  17  years  old,  and  served  18  months. 


580  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Ashcr  Wrir/hf,  farmer,  sec.  16,  was  born  in  Canton  township,  and 
is  the  son  of  John  M.  Wrio;ht,  one  of  the  early  settlers,  dating  back 
to  1834.  Deacon  Koyal  Wright,  Asher's  gran<lj)arent,  came  to  this 
county  in  1834.  His  son,  John  M.,  worked  and  owned  the  home- 
stead on  sec.  20  until  his  death  in  1859.  Asher  was  married  in 
February,  1877,  to  Julia  E.  Sanford,  a  native  of  Vermont,  at  Can- 
ton.    They  now  live  on  the  old  homestead  of  220  acres. 

H.  L.  Wriyht,  merchant,  was  born  in  Canton,  111.,  in  1832,  and 
has  lived  here  ever  since.  He  began  business  with  his  brother,  X. 
S.  Wright,  in  18oo,  with  a  general  stock  of  goods.  He  has  been  a 
member  of  the  Board  of  Aldermen  and  is  now  President  of  the 
Board  of  Education.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Carrie 
D.  Hall,  of  Canton,  in  1855.  Annie  L.,  Frank  C.  and  Clara  are 
their  children.     He  is  a  member  of  the  Congregational  Church. 

Joel  M  right,  deceased,  Avas  born  in  Hanover,  X.  H.,  in  1792; 
married  Miss  Emily  Phelps,  a  native  of  Palmyra,  X.  Y.,  by  whom 
he  had  4  children,  the  2  surviving  being  H.  L.  and  X.  S.,  now  of 
Canton.  The  latter  married  ]Miss  Laura  Kelley,  of  Lewistown, 
HI.,  in  1874,  and  has  one  son,  William  K,  Joel  W.  emigrated  to 
this  State  in  1818  and  settled  at  Edwardsville.  In  1820  moved  to 
Monto-omerv  countv  and  was  elected  Sheriff  in  '21.  He  moved  to 
Galena  and  then  to  this  county  in  1828,  and  July,  '29,  was  mar- 
ried to  Emily  Phelps.  She  died  in  1861.  In  1830  he  was  elected 
to  the  State  Senate.  He  commenced  merchandising  in  Canton  in 
1830.  In  1832  he  w^as  appointed  Postmaster,  which  position  he 
held  for  many  years.  He  was  appointed  one  of  the  Commissioners 
to  carry  out  the  great  system  of  internal  impro\^^ment  of  the  State 
in  1837,  He  belonged  to  a  long-lived  family.  The  ages  of  his 
great-grandfather  and  mother  and  10  children  aggregate  642  years. 

Hon.  Granrille  Barverc,  one  of  the  most  prominent  attorneys  of 
the  Fulton  County  Bar, .and  now  residing  at  Canton,  was  born  at 
Hillsboro,  Highland  county,  Ohio,  July  11,  1831.  His  father's 
name  was  John  M.  Barrere,  who  was  a  merchant  at  Hillsboro  and 
native  of  Ky.  He  gave  his  son  Granville  the  benefit  of  a  liberal 
education  which  was  acquired  at  Augusta  College,  Ky.,  and  Mari- 
etta College,  O.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  commenced  his  legal 
studies  in  1852,  in  the  law  office  of  his  uncle,  Xelson  Barrere,  at 
Hillsboro;  read  law  in  this  office  for  about  3  years,  when  he  was 
admitted  to  the  Bar  at  Chillicothe,  O.,  in  the  flill  of  1854.  In 
1855  he  first  came  to  Illinois,  finally  locating  at  Canton  and  com- 
menced the  practice  of  law,  in  which  profession  he  soon  took  a 
prominent  and  leading  ])osition  which  he  has  retained  until  the  pres- 
ent time;  has  taken  an  active  part  in  j)olitics,  being  a  "stalwart" 
supi^orter  of  Ivepul)licanism  ;  he  was  nominated  and  elected  by  that 
party  in  1872,  to  rejjresent  them  at  the  43d  U.  S.  Congress  from  the 
9th  Congressional  District;  served  until  1876,  when  he  returned  to 
his  legal  practice  at  Canton. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


581 


TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 


The  following  is  a  list  of  almost  all  of  the  township  officials  serv- 
ing since  the  organization  of  the  township,  together  with  the  years  of 
serving : 


SUPERVISORS. 


Ira  Johnson 1850 

Jesse  McCutchen  1851 

Henry  Walker 1852-59 

To\vnsen<l  Atwater 1860 

.Tames  H.  Stipp 1861-62 

William   Parlin,  at^st., 1861-62 

Ira  Johnson 1863 

.Tames  Stockdale 1865-67 

John  G.  Piper,  axst., 1866 

Al)raham  ('.  Moore,  asst., 1867 

Granville  Barrere 1:68-72 

Noah  Havermale,  asst., 1868 


Benj.  F?ohrer,  oRS^, 1869 

Noah  Havermale,  asst., 1870 

Andrew  B.  Hulit,  asst., 1871 

D.   Abbott,   asst., 1872 

A.  B.  Hnlit 1873 

D.  W.  Sloss,  asst., 1873 

R.  W.  Dewey 1874 

A.  B.  Hnlit,  asst., 187-4 

Carroll  C.  Dewey 1875 

Granville  Barrere 1875-79 

D.  F.  Emry,  asst., 1875-77 

James  W.    McCutchen 1878-79 


TOWN    CLERKS. 


A.J.  Scott 1860-67 

J.  S.  Murphv 1868-71 

David  A.  Snyder 1872 


L.  C.  Mavnard 187.3-78 

JohnB.  Fleming 1879 


ASSESSORS. 


Andrew  Wills 1860 

Thomas  W.  Snyder 1861 

Andrew  Wills 1866-73 


Walter  P.  Tanquarj' 1873 

Noah  Havermale 1874 

Sands  N.  Breed 1875-79 


COLLECTORS, 


Christian  Haines 1860-62 

Joel  W.  Dewey 1863 

Reuben  C.  Thomas 1864 

D.  F.  Snvder 1865 

Isaac  N.Ellis 1866 

Georjre  V.  Coe 1867 

Jacob.S.   Frederick 1868 

Joseph  H.  Pierce 1869 

Chas.  T.  Coleman 1870 


George  W.  Munnick 1871 

Wm.  A.  .Tackson 1872 

George  C.  Brant 1873 

Chas.  M.  Stewart 1874 

(^has.  Blakesley 1875 

T.  H.  Fleminsr 1876 

George  S.  McCcmnell 1877 

Wm.  Cotherill 1878 

Jesse  Ruble 1879 


CASS  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  was  named  by  Henry  Waiijjhtel,  in  1850,  in  honor 
of  Gon.  Lswis  Cass,  of  the  war  of  1812,  Governor  of  Michigan, 
U.  S.  Senator,  Secretary  of  war  under  Jackson,  and  Secretary  of 
State  under  Jiueiianan.  William  Totten  was  the  first  to  locate  in 
the  township.  He  came  in  1823  and  settled  upon  the  southwest 
quarter  of  section  27,  upon  what  was  afterwards  known  as  "  Totten's 
Prairie."  About  the  same  time  Roswell  Tyrrell  and  John  Totten 
located  upon  the  same  section.  The  former  was  a  soldier  of  the 
war  of  1812,  came  to  this  couuty  in  1832,  and  Feb.  22  of  the  same 
vear  he  was  married  to  Miss  Marv  Ann  Sidwell,  near  Lewistown. 
This  lady  died  in  May,  1828,  as  we  tind  stated  in  a  biographical  sketch 
of  Mr.  Tyrrell  published  in  the  history  of  McDonough  c(ninty,  to 
which  county  he  removed  in  1830.  Yet  we  are  told  that  Mrs.  Tyr- 
rell died  in  1^2(3,  and  hers  was  the  first  death  to  occur  in  the  town- 
ship. History  states  that  the  first  sermon  in  the  township  was 
preached  by  Rev.  Mr.  Lee,  a  M.  E.  preacher,  at  the  house  of  Thomas 
Camron  ;  but  Henry  Waughtel  tells  us  that  he  knows  the  first  ser- 
mon was  preached  by  Rev.  Wm.  Batson,  the  Christian  (New-Light) 
minister  who  preached  the  funeral  of  Mrs.  Tyrrell  in  May  of  that 
year,  182o.  Tliere  is  evidently  some  discrepmcy  between  these 
statements,  as  they  fail  to  harmo!iize.  In  1854  Thomas  Camron 
came  into  the  township  and  settled  upon  section  28.  Others  who 
came  were  Henry  Biuighman,  sr.,  Henry  Waughtel,  sr.,  Benjamin 
Camron,  Matthew  Park,  William  Batson,  Zenas  Harrington,  Levi 
Dnnnewain,  T.  J.  Walters,  Fred  and  Henry  Waughtel,  jr.,  John, 
Henry,  jr.,  David  S.,  Daniel  and  Abram  Baughman,  jr.,  Abram 
Baughmin,  sr.,  and  others.  Among  those  living  who  came  here  in 
a  very  early  day,  are  Henry  Waughtel,  jr.,  Wm.  Camron,  James 
C.  Watson,  James  Murphy  and  Aunt  Katie  Totten.  The  first  mar- 
riage ceremony  was  performed  on  the  l<)th  of  Feb.,  1826,  and  was  at 
the  wedding  of  Salmon  Sherwood  to  Miss  Jane  Cameron,  sister  of 
Wm.  Camron.  of  Sniitliticld.  The  first  birth  was  that  of  ^largaret, 
daughter  of  Win.  and  Katharine  Totten,  May  14,  1825.  The  first 
.school  was  taught  by  D.  S.  Baughman  in  1829.  The  first  Ju.stice 
of  the  Peace  was  John  Totten,  in  1825.  The  fir.<;t  church  building 
was  erected  by  the  Methodists  on  the  farm  of  Jesse  Tate,  near 
Smitiifield,  in  184J>.  Henry  Waughtel  was  the  first  Supervisor 
from  Cass.  The  jiresent  incumbent  is  A.  S.  Watson.  There  are 
ten  school  districts  and  six  Church  organizations  in  the  township. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  583 

The  pioneers  of  Cass  had  hardships  to  suffer  as  well  as  those  in  other 
parts  of  the  county.  During  the  big  snow  of  1830  great  suffering 
was  occasioned.  During  the  droutii  of  1840  and  the  wet  season  of 
1844  for  several  weeks  the  j)e()ple  were  compelled  to  eat  boiled 
wheat,  or  meal  made  in  the  hominy-block.  A  horainy-block  con- 
sisted of  a  stump  in  which  a  hollow  place  had  been  burned.  In  this 
they  put  their  corn  and  pounded  it  with  an  iron  wedge.  Wild  hogs 
and  deer  were  plentiful  in  an  early  day  throughout  this  section. 
Wm.  Camron,  in  company  with  Henry  Waughtel,  Mr.  McKinney, 
and  two  other  gentlemen,  killed  30  head  of  hogs  and  pigs  on  one 
excursion.  Nathan  Henderson,  father  of  Isaac  Henderson,  of  this 
township,  said  that  he  killed  a  deer  in  an  early  day  which  weighed 
19*2  pounds  net.  The  timber  of  this  township  is  tilled  with  a  thick 
undergrowth,  but  in  an  early  day  it  contained  only  a  sparse  growth 
of  oak  timber  with  abundance  of  tall  grass  all  over  the  land,  from 
which  the  settlers  made  their  hay.  They  actually  made  hay  in  the 
woods. 

Henrv  Waughtel  is  the  only  man  now  living  in  the  township 
who  fought  in  the  Black  Hawk  war.  Some  who  reside  here  remem- 
ber having  seen  the  great  chief.  Joseph  Lundry,  now  eighty-eight 
years  of  age,  and  who  lives  with  Isaac  Henderson,  saw  Black  Hawk 
in  Canada.  Wm.  Totten  and  others  built  a  fort  on  Totten's  prairie 
during  the  Winnel)ago  troubles.  Black  Hawk  was  very  friendly  to 
the  Tottens  and  would  not  allow  his  braves  to  disturb  them,  even 
during  the  war.  He  oftened  visited  Totten's  and  shot  at  a  target 
with  Mr.  Totten  as  a  pastime.  The  first  saw-mill  in  Cass  was  built 
by  Mr.  I^aswell. 

'  In  May,  1850,  this  township  was  visited  by  a  very  disastrous 
hailstorm.  It  stri])i)ed  the  trees  of  their  foliage,  ruined  the  growing 
crops,  killed  a  great  deal  of  stock  and  fatally  injured  some  persons. 

On  the  'iOth  of  March,  1877,  little  Jinimie  Couch,  a  boy  of  eight 
summers,  while  on  his  way  home  from  school  stojiped  by  the  way- 
side with  the  other  children  to  gather  some  early  spring  flowers. 
By  some  means  he  got  out  of  sight  and  hearing  of  his  comj)anions, 
and  thev  went  home  without  him.  The  alarm  of  a  "lost  boy"  was 
raised,  the  neighbors  turned  out  and  search  was  nuide,  but  no  trace 
of  him  was  discovered  until  the  next  morning.  He  was  traced  by 
spots  of  blood  that  his  little  scratched  and  torn  feet  had  left  upon 
the  ground.  He  waded  the  lakes  and  ])<»nds  in  Pleasant  Valley,  on 
Spoon  river,  in  water  up  to  his  arm-pits.  His  steps  during  the  last 
half-mile  of  this  fatal  march  were  only  six  inches  in  length.  The 
little  hero  was  found  that  morning  lying  dead  upon  the  river  bank 
just  above  Buckeye  ferry  in  this  townshij).  One  hand  was  thrown 
over  his  head;  in  the  other  he  held  his  little  cap. 

SMITHFIELD. 

The  only  village  in  this  township  isSmithfield,  which  was  founded 
in  1868  by  James  Smith.     The  original  site  was  upon  the  southeast 


584  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    (X)UNTY. 

quarterof  the  northeast  quarter  of  see.  29.  During;  the  same  year  Mr. 
Hiram  Higgins  added  the  "Higgins'  addition,"  which  lies  directly 
soutli  of  the  al)ove.  Soon  afterwards  ^^'i]lianl  Camron  laid  off  his 
addition.  The  business  portion  of  the  town  now  lies  almost  entirely 
in  Higgins'  and  Camron's  additions.  It  is  quite  a  business  center, 
and  contains  two  general  stores,  two  drug  stores,  one  hardware 
store,  two  wagon  and  blacksmith  shops,  two  hotels,  post-office,  and 
a  saw-mill.  Three  physicians  reside  here.  The  T.,  P.  &  W.  Rail- 
road passes  through  the  town,  making  it  quite  a  shipping  point. 

CHURCHES. 

Antioch  Christian  Church. — This  people  is  more  commonly 
known  as  New-Light  Christians.  lu  18(31  two  classes  of  this  de- 
nomination were  organized,  one  at  the  Hanchett  school-house,  and 
the  other  at  the  Medley  school-house  in  Harris  township.  In  1866 
these  congregations  united  and  erected  a  house  of  worship  in  Smith- 
field.  There  are  at  present  45  communicants  connected  with  the 
Church. 

Pleasant  Grove  M.  E.  Church  was  organized  in  the  summer  of 
1867  by  Rev.  Mr.  Stout,  with  a  membership  of  15.  Meetings  were 
held  in  the  Medley  school-house,  Harris  townshi]),  until  1872,  when 
their  present  structure  was  erected  in  this  township.  The  presen^^ 
membership  is  30'     Rev.  J.  E.  Rutledge,  Pastor. 

>Sniitnjicld  M.  E.  Church  was  organized  in  the  fall  of  1839  in  th  ^ 
house  of  J.  S.  Fate,  with  that  gentleman  as  class-leader.  For  two 
years  meetings  were  held  in  private  houses;  then  the  neighboring 
school-house  was  used  as  a  place  of  worship  for  several  years. 
About  the  year  1849  or  1850  a  log  house  was  built  upon  Mr.  Fate's 
farm  in  which  they  assembled  until  it  became  too  old  and  uncom- 
fortable. The  place  of  worshij)  was  then  changed  to  the  new  school- 
house,  where  it  remained  until  the  ))resent  edifice  was  erected,  which 
was  in  1873,  except  for  a  period  of  one  year  when  the  Christi:in 
church  at  Smithheld  was  used.  Four  of  the  early  converts,  M.  D. 
Heck  ird,  John  Xate,  John  B.irtells  and  \Vm.  Calhoun,  became  itin- 
erant ministers.  The  present  membership  is  40.  Rev.  J.  E.  Rut- 
ledge,  Pastor. 

Mt.  Pleasant  Christian  Church  was  org-anized  by  Elder  J.  R. 
Welsh  April  26,  1863,  with  about  a  dozen  members.  The  first  dis- 
course delivered  by  a  minister  of  this  denomination  in  thi^<  neigh- 
borhood was  at  the  hr)use  of  Win.  Petersdu  in  1860.  This  was  the 
first  sermon  preached  in  this  vicinity  for  filteen  years.  The  congre- 
gation was  organized  and  met  for  worship  in  the  Buckeye  school-house 
until  their  i)resent  structure  was  erected,  which  was  in  1862.  There 
seems  to  have  been  an  organizition  previous  to  the  erection  of  the 
building,  but  there  being  no  record  of"  the  fact  we  give  the  above 
date  ot  organization  as  recorded  in  the  clerk's  books.  The  mem- 
bership at  present  numbers  oo.     The  Pastor  is  Elder  Allen  \\  heeler. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  585 


PERSONAL    SKETCHES. 


Ill  order  to  detail  more  i'uUy  the  history  of  the  town  and  town- 
.shij),  we  will  speak  personally  of  the  leading  and  representative 
eitizens : 

John  C.  A)if}iony,  M.  7).,  Smithfield  ;  was  born  in  Mercer  Co., 
Pa.,  Feb.  1,  1852.  He  is  the  son  of"  Benjamin  A.  and  Fanny  A. 
Antliony;  came  to  this  county  in  1854;  was  educated  mostly  in 
common  schools  and  Abingdon  College.  The  doctor  attended  both 
Rush  and  Missouri  Medical  Colleges,  graduating  at  the  latter 
March  4,  1875;  commenced  jM-acticing  April  4,  1875,  in  Marble- 
town,  this  countv.  He  remained  there  three  years  and  was  success- 
ful,  but  suffered  many  trials  that  young  physicians  are  heir  to. 
From  there  he  removed  to  Table  Grove,  thence  to  Smithfield. 
While  at  Marbletown  the  Doctor  was  united  in  matrimony  with 
Charlotte  J.  Markley.  One  child  was  born  to  them,  but  died  in 
infanciy.  By  close  attention  to  his  work  and  hard  study  he  has 
gained  a  lasting  reputation. 

John  H.  Baughman  was  born  in  Ashland  (then  Richland)  Co., 
O.,  Sept.  .'),  1826;  came  to  this  county  with  his  ])arents  in  18:>0; 
educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Fulton  county  and  entered  into 
the  dry -goods  and  grocery  business  in  Canton,  Fulton  Co.,  in  1856, 
and  in  1864  established  a  nursery  in  Canton.  His  store  and  dwell- 
ing were  burned  in  1871,  and  he  established  a  nursery  in  Smithfield 
in  1874,  whence  he  removed  in  1876  and  where  he  still  resides; 
was  married  to  Sarah  Pomeroy  in  1845,  by  whom  he  has  had  8 
children, — Samantha  C,  born  Mav  14,  1846;  Martha  J.  (deceased), 
Nov.  21,  1848;  Walter  P.,  Julv"  12,  1850;  Laura  N.,  Nov.  28, 
1853;  Fmma,  Oct.  30,  1857;  Ella,  Mav  21,  1861;  Marv  H.,  July 
12,  1863;  Cordelia,  Dec.  11,  1864.     P."0.,  Smithfield. 

Joseph  E.  BdKc/hman,  son  of  Samuel  and  Eliza  (Camron)  Baugh- 
man,  of  Cass  township,  was  born,  raised  and  educated  in  Cass  town- 
ship near  Smithfield.  His  father  came  to  this  county  in  1831,  being 
one  of  the  early  settlers  ;  was  a  cooi)er  in  younger  days,  but  is  a 
nurseryman  and  farmer  at  ])resent.  lie  was  fond  of  the  chase,  and 
frequently  shot  deer  from  his  porch.  The  subject  of  this  sketch, 
Mr.  J.  E.  liaughraan,  is  an  enterprising  young  farmer,  but  21  years 
old  ;  was  early  taught  to  cook,  bake,  wash  and  iron,  etc.,  his  mother 
being  an  invalid  since  he  was  7  years  old.  He  worked  l)y  the 
month  since  13  years  of  age  until  recently.     P.  O.,  Smithfield. 

Jacob  Bayless,  farmer;  P.O.,  Cuba;  was  born  in  Brighton,  N. 
Y.,  Nov.  14,  1808;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Ohio  in  1S12,  by 
schooner  on  the  lakes.  There  being  no  canal  around  Niagara  Falls 
at  that  time,  his  father  hired  the  boat  hauled  around  the  Falls  by 
horse-team.  As  he  passed  by  Buffalo  he  saw  chimneys  standing  of 
houses  that  the  British  had  burned  during  the  Revolution.  His 
father,  Richard  Bayless,  served  in  the  war  of  1812.     Mr.  B.   heard 


586  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

the  cannon  firing  when  the  British  attempted  to  hmd  at  Sackett's 
Harbor.  He  was  the  first  J.  P.  after  township  organization,  and 
served  two  terms  ;  has  served  as  School  Trnstec,  School  Director, 
Town  Clerk  and  Supervisor;  has  been  married  twice,  and  is  the 
father  of  11  children,  7  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  B.  is  a  notetl 
bee-hunter.  The  following  is  an  extract  from  his  journal :  "July, 
1865,  rith  bee-tree  found  about  a  mile  south  of  bee-tree  No.  1 1,  on 
the  north  side  of  a  branch,  and  north  of  an  old  field  on  the  creek 
bottom  in  a  red  oak;  l-'Uh  found  in  limb  of  a  large  elm,  half  mile 
north  of  the  mouth  of  Coal  creek  on  Spoon  river." 

Milton  L.  Beadles,  P.  O.,  Smithfield.     One  of  the  first-class  teach- 
ers of  Cass  tp.  is  our  sul)jeet,  who  was  born  in  this  township  Fel). 


It 


1860.  His  father,  James  H.  Beadles,  of  Cass  tp.,  was  born  in 
]5ernadotte  township  Feb.  17,  1832.  He  has  always  been  a  farmer, 
and  is  at  present  one  of  the  leading  agriculturists  in  this  part  of 
the  county.  J.  H.  B.'s  father,  Joel  Beadles,  entered  the  laud  now 
occupied  l)v  the  Beadles  family,  viz:  southea'^t  quarter  of  section  32. 
Our  sul))ect  received  a  good  common-schocjl  education,  being  a  pu])il 
of  the  popular  Mr.  J.  H.  Benton,  County  School  Superintendent.  Mr. 
B.  pays  his  own  expenses  while  in  school,  with  the  well-earned 
money  that  he  accumulates  while  teaching.  Mr.  James  H.  Beadles 
built,  during  the  fall  of  1879,  a  fine  Iwo-story  frame  dwelling, 
which  adds  very  much  to  the  beauty  of  his  farm. 

Caleb  Boyer,  farmer,  sec.  21 ;  P.  O.,  Smithfield  ;  was  i)oru  in 
Licking  county,  O.,  Sept.  3,  1824.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1839  ; 
has  been  married  twice  and  is  father  of  11  children.  His  second 
wife  had  four  by  first  husband,  making  15  in  all,  and  all  of  whom 
are  living.  He  united  with  the  U.B.  Church  in  1843.  Is  55  years 
old,  and  has  been  in  a  court-house  but  once. 

Henry  Brook,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  born  in  Germany  in  1825. 
his  parents,  Philip  and  Elizabeth  Brock,  natives  of  Germany,  im- 
migrated to  this  county  in  1S38,  and  entered  160  acres  of  land. 
Mr.  B.  was  married  to  Caroline  Wilhelm  in  1857,  by  whom  he  had 
()  children, — John  W.,  born  Feb.  4,  1858;  Caroline  E.,born,  1861  ; 
Amelia,  born  Jan.  1,  1865;  Henry  C,  born  in  1<S68;  Chas.  T., 
born  in  1870;  Pliilij)  L.,  born  Jan.  28,  1873.  Mr.  Brock,  when 
first  beginning  in  life  had  but  little,  but  energy  and  superior  man- 
agement has  made  him  possessor  of  320  acres  of  the  best  land  in 
Cass  township.     P.  ().,  Smithfield. 

John  Brock,  farmer;  P.  ().,  Smithfield.  Mr.  B.  is  a  native  of 
Germany,  and  is  a  son  of  Phili})  and  brother  of  Henry  Brock, 
whose  biography  also  appears  just  above.  He  served  one  term 
as  Collector,  and  at  present  is  School  Director;  was  married  March 
14,  '50,  to  Amanda  M.  Watson.  They  have  lieen  blessed  with  five 
children,  four  of  whom  are  living, — Alonzo  G.,  John  F.,  Wm.  H., 
and  Melinda  J.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  B.  are  members  of  the  United 
Brethren  Church. 

Daniel  Cathernian,  farmer;  sec.  14;  P.  O.,  Cuba.     To  Jacob  and 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  587 

Susan  (Spicklomire)  Cathcrman  there  was  born  in  Union  Co.,  Pa., 
Juno,  1<S1(),  a  son,  the  subject  of  tlii.s  ])ersonal  sketch.  He  removed 
Avitii  his  parents  to  Crawford  Co.,  Pa.,  thence  to  Ashland  (then  l\ich- 
hmd)  county,  O.  ;  came  to  tliis  county  in  '.37.  He  was  ethicated  in 
the  select  schools  of  Pennsylvania.  He  was  married  in  Dec,  '38, 
to  Abigail  Kuvkendall,  bv  whom  he  had  six  children.  Daniel  and 
iSIargaret  are  married  and  livino-  in  Cass  townshij)  near  their  parents. 
Susan  married  Henry  Hinderliter,  and  lives  near  New  Philadelphia, 
111.  The  father  of  Mrs.  C.  is  i)4  years  old  and  can  walk  from  10 
to  15  miles  a  day,  and  very  fretpiently  does.  He  lives  in  Liverpool 
township.  Mrs.  C.  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church.  ]\Ir.  C. 
took  wheat  to  Chicago  in  '42  and  sold  it  for  48  cents  jn-r  bushel. 

Peter  Christian,  firmer  and  stock-raiser;  P.  i).,  Cuba;  was  born 
Dec.  23,  1817,  in  Plattsburo-,  N.  Y;  removed  with  his  parents  to 
Troy,  X.  Y.,  in  '32,  came  to  this  county  in  '36.  He  saved  a  man 
from  drowning;  in  S})Oon  river  during;  the  freshet  in  '44;  has  been 
Com.  of  Hio'hwavs  and  School  Director.  He  was  nnited  in  mar- 
riage  with  Mary  A.  Johnson,  June  20,  1841,  by  whom  he  had  4 
children,  2  of  whom  are  living;, — Melissa  C.  and  Pollie  F.  Mr.  C. 
is  a  a  Free-will  Baptist  minister,  and  a  self-made  man,  having 
received  but  nine  months  schooling  (in  Troy)  in  his  life. 

Justus  I)e(iki)is  was  born  in  Belmont  county,  ().,  May  18,  1827. 
He  moved  to  Knox  county,  ().,  then  to  Fulton  county,  HI.,  in  1855. 
His  ]>arents,  Richard  and  Ann  (Aikins)  were  natives  of  Maryland. 
Mr,  D.  has  served  as  Road  Commissioner  4  years.  School  Director 
6  vears ;  has  lived  in  Iowa  two  years.  He  was  married  INIarch  H, 
'42,  in  Richland  (now  Ashland)  Co.,  O.,  to  Margaret  Statler,  by 
whom  he  had  9  children,  of  whom  G  are  living, — Geo.,  Ann,  Sclas- 
ticque,  Justus,  Ella  and  Scpiire.  Mrs.  D.  died  July  29,  '77.  Mr. 
D.  is  a  faithful  mem1)er  of  the  M.  ?1  Church,  and  is  engaged  in  farm- 
ing and  stock-raising.     P.  O.,  Cuba. 

James  A.  Ellis,  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.  ().,  Smithiield ;  was  born  near 
Ipava,  this  county,  Nov.  6,  1850.  His  father,  John  Ellis,  was  one 
of  the  early  settlers  of  Fulton  Co.  His  mother  was  Lorena  B. 
Ellis,  nee  Camron.  James  attended  the  scliools  of  this  county  and 
gained  a  fair  education.  In  1<S7G  he  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Mary  E.  Brown.  They  have  one  son,  Samuel  W.,  and  their  little 
girl  baby,  born  May  24,  1X79,  had  not  received  its  name  when  we 
called  upon  ^Nlr.  E. 

James  M.  Fate,  farmer  and  <tock-raiser,  sec.  33;  P.  ().,  Smithiield  ; 
was  born  and  raised  in  this  county.  His  father,  Jesse  Fate,  was  a 
native  of  Licking  Co.,  O.  He  was  a  conductor  upon  the  famous 
Under-ground  R.  R.  He  is  the  father  of  the  M.  E.  Church  at 
Smithfield.  The  first  church  in  the  township  was  built  u])on  his 
land  in  about  1849  or  '50.  James  M.  served  his  country  faithiully 
in  the  Rebellion,  and  took  an  active  part  in  the  battles  of  Ft.  Don- 
elson,  Corinth  and  others.  He  was  a  member  of  Co.  G,  5()th  HI. 
Inf.     His  brother  George  served  in  the  same  company.     He  Avas 


588  HISTORY    OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 

married  to  Mary  E.  Douglas,  Sopt.  7,  1865.  Their  children  num- 
ber 7, — Emma  L.,  Carrie  A.,  Charles  W.,  George,  Mary  F.,  Jesse 
E.  and  an   infant  girl.     He  united  with  the  M.  E.  Church  in  1875. 

Jefise  S.  Fate,  farmer  and  stock-raiser ;  P.  O.,  Smithfield  ;  is  a  na- 
tive of  Licking  Co.,  O.,  and  was  born  Aug.  9,  1817;  was  married 
June  15,  1837,  to  Miss  Sarah  H.  Harbert.  They  have  a  family  of 
5  children  living,  out  of  11  born  to  them.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  F. 
are  n)embers  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  Mr.  F.  is  a  local  preacher, 
and  earnest  and  sincere  in  his  professions.  He  came  to  this  county 
in  1839.  He  formerly  voted  with  the  Liberty  party;  was  a  strong 
anti-slavery  man,  and  says  the  line  of  the  Under-ground  railroad 
passed  through  Cass  tp.  not  far  from  his  residence.  His  sous, 
George  R.  and  James  M.,  served  in  the  Rebellion. 

Jacob  Fink,  merchant,  Smithfield.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
is  a  native  of  Germany,  and  was  born  in  1835;  was  educated  in 
Germany  in  the  common  schools  ;  formerly  a  stock-raiser,  but  is  now 
engaged  in  the  mercantile  business.  Mr.  Fink  began  in  life  with 
nothing,  and  now  is  comfortably  situated ;  served  in  the  late  Rebel- 
lion ;  enlisted  in  1861  in  Co.  D,  55th  111.  Inf.  as  a  private,  and  by 
his  gallant  service  was  promoted  to  First  Lieut,  and  honorably  dis- 
charged as  such.  He  re-enlisted  in  Hancock's  Veteran  Corps  in 
March,  '65,  as  private,  and  was  again  promoted  to  Lieut.  He  is 
one  of  the  fortunate  men  who  drew  the  large  bounty.  He  was  in 
Washiuffton  when  Lincoln  was  assassinated.  The  Lieut,  still  has 
the  sword  and  Sharp's  rifle  that  he  carried  while  in  the  service  ;  was 
in  20  engagements  and  came  out  without  a  scratch  ;  was  married  to 
Samantha  C.  Baughman,  Julv,  1866,  bv  whom  he  has  three  bovs, — 
Henry  B.,  born  May  11,1867;  Walter  P.,  born  Aug.  8,  1870; 
John  J.,  born  March  13,  1873. 

Franklin  H.  Hart,  farmer,  sec.  8 ;  P.  C,  Smithfield ;  was  born  in 
Onondaga  Co.,  X.  Y,,  Jan.  22,  1832;  came  to  this  county  in  1848; 
served  three  vears  and  two  months  in  the  Rebellion,  in  1st  Mo. 
Engineers'  regt.,  the  greater  portion  of  the  time  in  Co.  K,  anda 
portion  of  the  time  in  Co.  C,  and  filled  the  cajiacity  of  cook  ;  he 
now  serves  as  School  Director;  was  married  Mar.  15,  1852,  to  Katha- 
rine Baughman;  12  children  are  the  result  of  this  union,  7  of  whom 
are  living.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  are  members  of  the  Smithfield  M.  E. 
Church.  Mr.  H.  has  operated  a  saw-mill  for  12  years;  has  lived 
three  years  in  Kansas. 

Isaac  Henderson,  son  of  Nathan  Henderson  of  this  township, 
was  born  Dec.  5,  1828,  in  Fayette  Co.,  O.  He  removed  with  his 
parents  to  Bernadotte  township  in  1843,  and  to  Cass  township  in 
'44;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Ohio.  Mr.  H.  has 
served  the  j)eople  of  Cass  as  Constable  for  14  years;  has  also  been 
Commissioner  t)f  Highways,  and  was  the  first  School  Trustee  in  the 
township,  after  the  township  organization  in  1850,  and  served  one 
term  as  Justice  of  the  Peace.  He  was  married  Aug.  1,  '49,  to 
Elizabeth  Fast.     They  have  been  blessed  with  9  children.     Martin, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  591 

a  very  intelligent  boy,  when  15  years  old,  while  running  through 
the  corn-field  one  day,  took  hold  of  a  cockle-burr  with  his  teeth, 
that  was  clinging  to  his  mitten,  and  beginning  to  cough  at  the  same 
instant,  violently  drew  the  burr  down  his  trachea  into  his  lungs. 
After  retaining  it  in  his  lungs  four  years,  he  at  last  coughed  it  up 
in  1874,  He  died  from  the  effects  in  '77.  Mrs.  H.  is  a  member  of 
the  Protestant  Methodist  Church.  Mr.  H.  was  formerly  a  lawyer, 
but  is  a  farmer  at  present.     P.  O.,  Cuba. 

Albert  Herbert.  There  was  born  to  John  and  Rebecca  (Long) 
Herbert,  in  Ashland  Co.,  O.,  March  26,  1823,  a  son,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1836,  and  is  engaged  in 
farming  and  stock-raising  ;  P.  O,,  Smithfield.  His  father  died  when 
he  was  quite  young,  and  he  was  bound  out  three  times ;  went  to 
California  overland  in  1849  ;  was  six  months  and  four  days  complet- 
ing the  journey.  He  was  taken  sick  at  Ft.  Laramie ;  the  company 
left  him  there  after  giving  him  |25  and  an  ox  team,  telling  him  to 
return  to  the  State.  He  waited  until  one  o'clock  p.  m.,  when  he 
threw  away  a  part  of  his  clothing,  bed  and  ammunition,  mounted 
one  of  the  oxen  and  overtook  the  company  at  dark  of  the  same 
day.  He  recovered,  went  through  to  the  Golden  State  and  re- 
turned. Mr.  H.  when  a  boy,  in  1836,  came  near  losing  his  life 
by  freezing.  He  was  sent  to  a  neighbor's  on  an  errand,  and 
a  very  sudden  change  in  the  weather  taking  place  at  that  hour,  he 
became  very  sleepy  and  was  on  the  point  of  stopping  to  lie  down, 
when  the  thought  of  freezing  instilled  new  energy  in  him.  In 
1840,  while  living  in  Cuba,  he  and  a  brother  were  engaged  in  cut- 
ting wood  on  the  Illin-ois  river,  and  were  caught  in  another  fearful 
storm.  The  brother  became  sleepy,  and  Mr.  H.  procured  a  switch 
and  applied  it  severely,  which  aroused  the  anger  of  the  brother  and 
he  ran  after  him  for  revenge,  Mr.  H.  leading  the  way  toward  home. 
His  brother  now  declares  that  the  switching  saved  his  life.  Mr.  H. 
was  contractor  and  builder  of  the  Brock  Chapel  near  Smithfield. 
He  married  Barbary  Baughman  in  '77  and  has  6  children. 

Jacob  P.  Hensley,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  20 ;  P.  O., 
Smithfield.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Clay  Co.,  Ind., 
Dec,  23,  1837,  and  is  the  son  of  John  A,  and  Minerva  (Yocum) 
Hensley;  came  to  this  county  in  1853.  His  brother  Samuel  serv- 
ed in  the  Rebellion.  He  serves  his  school  district  in  capacity  of 
Director;  was  married  March  9,  1861,  to  Margaret  Baughman,  by 
whom  he  has  four  children.  Mrs.  Hensley's  father  is  one  of  the 
early  settlers  in  this  township,  and  is  still  living  here  with  Isaac 
Howard,  his  son-in-law,  Mr,  H.  is  a  member  of  the  Christian 
Church, 

Hiram  S.  Higgins,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  born  in  Ken- 
tucky, April  24,  1820.  He  is  the  son  of  James  Higgins,  from 
Bourbon  Co.,  Ky. ;  came  to  this  county  in  1836;  was  formerly  a 
cooper,  but  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser  at  present.  He  has  supe- 
rior facilities  for  raising  stock.     In  his  wood  pasture  there  is  a  pool 

36 


588  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY, 

married  to  Mary  E.  Douglas,  Sept.  7,  1865.  Their  children  num- 
ber 7, — Emma  L.,  Carrie  A.,  Charles  W.,  George,  Mary  F.,  Jesse 
E.  and  an   infant  girl.     He  united  with  the  M.  E.  Church  in  1875. 

Jestie  iS.  Fdfc,  farmer  and  stock-rai.-<er ;  P.  O.,  Smithfield ;  is  a  na- 
tive of  Licking  Co.,  O.,  and  was  born  Aug.  9,  1817;  was  married 
June  15,  1837,  to  Miss  Sarah  H.  Harbert.  They  have  a  family  of 
5  children  living,  out  of  11  born  to  them.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  F. 
are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  Mr.  F.  is  a  local  preacher, 
and  earnest  and  sincere  in  his  professions.  He  came  to  this  county 
in  1839.  He  formerly  voted  with  the  Liberty  party;  was  a  strong 
anti-slavery  man,  and  says  the  line  of  the  Under-ground  railroad 
passed  through  Cass  tp.  not  far  from  his  residence.  His  sous, 
George  R.  and  James  M.,  served  in  the  Rebellion. 

Jacob  Fink,  merchant,  Smithfield.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
is  a  native  of  Germany,  and  was  born  in  1835;  was  educated  in 
Germanv  in  the  common  schools  ;  formerlva  stock-raiser,  but  is  now 
engaged  in  the  mercantile  business.  Mr.  Fink  began  in  life  with 
nothing,  and  now  is  comfortably  situated;  served  in  the  late  Rebel- 
lion ;  enlisted  in  1861  in  Co.  D,  55th  111.  Inf.  as  a  private,  and  by 
his  gallant  service  was  promoted  to  First  Lieut,  and  honorably  dis- 
charged as  such.  He  re-enlisted  in  Hancock's  Veteran  Corj)S  in 
March,  '65,  as  })rivate,  and  was  again  promoted  to  Lieut.  He  is 
one  of  the  fortunate  men  who  drew  the  large  bounty.  He  was  in 
Washington  when  Lincoln  was  assassinated.  The  Lieut,  still  has 
the  sword  and  Sharp's  rifle  that  he  carried  while  in  the  service;  was 
in  20  engagements  and  came  out  without  a  scratch  ;  was  married  to 
Samantha  C.  Baughman,  July,  1866,  bv  whom  he  has  three  bovs, — 
Henry  B.,  born  May  11,1867;  Walter  P.,  born  Aug.  8,  1870; 
John  J.,  born  March  13,  1873. 

Frcnikliu  H.  Hart,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  Smithfield  ;  was  born  in 
Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  'I'l,  1832;  came  to  this  county  in  1848; 
served  three  years  and  two  months  in  the  Rebellion,  in  1st  Mo. 
Engineers'  regt.,  the  greater  portion  of  the  time  in  Co.  K,  anda 
portion  of  the  time  in  Co.  C,  and  filled  the  ca])acity  of  cook  ;  he 
now  serves  as  School  Director;  was  married  INIar.  15,  1852,  to  Katha- 
rine Baughman;  12  children  are  the  result  of  this  union,  7  of  M'hom 
are  living.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  are  members  of  the  Smithfield  M.  E. 
Church.  Mr.  H.  has  operated  a  saw-mill  for  12  years;  has  lived 
three  years  in  Kansas. 

Isaac  Henderson,  son  of  Xathan  Henderson  of  this  township, 
was  born  Dec.  5,  1828,  in  Fayette  Co.,  ().  He  removed  witli  his 
parents  to  Bernadotte  township  in  1843,  and  to  Cass  townshij)  in 
'44;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Ohio.  Mr.  H.  has 
served  the  ]>eoj>le  of  Cass  as  Constable  fi)r  14  years;  has  also  been 
Commissioner  of  Highways,  and  was  the  first  School  Trustee  in  the 
township,  after  the  township  organization  in  1850,  and  served  one 
term  as  Justice  of  the  Peace.  He  was  married  Aug.  1,  '49,  to 
Elizabeth  Fast.     They  have  been  blessed  with  9  children.     Martin, 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  591 

a  very  intelligent  boy,  when  15  years  old,  while  running  through 
the  corn-field  one  day,  took  hold  of  a  eockle-burr  with  his  teeth, 
that  was  clinging  to  his  mitten,  and  beginning  to  cough  at  the  same 
instant,  violently  drew  the  burr  down  his  trachea  into  his  lungs. 
After  retaining  it  in  his  lungs  four  years,  he  at  last  coughed  it  up 
in  1874.  He  died  from  the  effects  in  '77.  Mrs,  H.  is  a  member  of 
the  Protestant  Methodist  Church.  Mr.  H.  was  formerly  a  lawyer, 
but  is  a  farmer  at  present.     P.  O.,  Cuba. 

Albert  Herbert.  There  was  born  to  John  and  Rebecca  (Long) 
Herbert,  in  Ashland  Co.,  O.,  March  26,  1823,  a  son,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1836,  and  is  engaged  in 
farming  and  stock-raising  ;  P.  O.,  Smithfield.  His  father  died  when 
he  was  quite  young,  and  he  was  bound  out  three  times;  went  to 
California  overland  in  1849  ;  was  six  months  and  four  days  complet- 
ing the  journey.  He  was  taken  sick  at  Ft.  Laramie ;  the  company 
left  him  there  after  giving  him  S25  and  an  ox  team,  telling  him  to 
return  to  the  State.  He  waited  until  one  o'clock  P.  M.,  when  he 
threw  away  a  part  of  his  clothing,  bed  and  ammunition,  mounted 
one  of  the  oxen  and  overtook  the  company  at  dark  of  the  same 
day.  He  recovered,  went  through  to  the  Golden  State  and  re- 
turned. Mr.  H.  when  a  boy,  in  1836,  came  near  losing  his  life 
by  freezing.  He  was  sent  to  a  neighbor's  on  an  errand,  and 
a  very  sudden  change  in  the  weather  taking  place  at  that  hour,  he 
became  very  sleepy  and  was  on  the  point  of  stopping  to  lie  down, 
when  the  thought  of  freezing  instilled  new  energy  in  him.  In 
1840,  while  living  in  Cuba,  he  and  a  brother  were  engaged  in  cut- 
ting wood  on  the  IllinT)is  river,  and  were  caught  in  another  fearful 
storm.  The  brother  became  sleepy,  and  Mr.  H.  procured  a  switch 
and  applied  it  severely,  whicli  aroused  the  anger  of  the  brother  and 
he  ran  after  him  for  revenge,  Mr.  H.  leading  the  way  toward  home. 
His  brother  now  declares  that  the  switching  saved  his  life.  Mr.  H. 
was  contractor  and  builder  of  the  Brock  Chapel  near  Smithfield. 
He  married  Barl)ary  Baughman  in  '77  and  has  6  children. 

Jacob  P.  Henski/,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  20 ;  P.  ()., 
Smithfield.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Clay  Co.,  Ind., 
Dec.  23,  1837,  and  is  the  son  of  John  A.  and  Minerva  (Yocum) 
Hensley;  came  to  this  county  in  1853.  His  brother  Samuel  serv- 
ed in  the  Rebellion.  He  serves  his  school  district  in  capacity  of 
Director;  was  married  Marcli  9,  1861,  to  Margaret  Baughman,  by 
whom  he  has  four  children.  Mrs.  Hensley 's  father  is  one  of  the 
early  settlers  in  this  township,  and  is  still  living  here  with  Isaac 
Howard,  his  son-in-law.  Mr.  H.  is  a  member  of  the  Christian 
Church. 

Hiram  S.  Higgin.s,  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  was  born  in  Ken- 
tucky, April  24,  1820.  He  is  the  son  of  James  Higgins,  from 
Bourbon  Co.,  Ky. ;  came  to  this  county  in  1836;  was  formerly  a 
cooper,  but  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser  at  present.  He  has  supe- 
rior facilities  for  raising  stock.     In  his  wood  pasture  there  is  a  pool 

36 


592  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

12  feet  long  by  6  feet  wide  and  6  feet  deep,  wliich  flows  freely  tKe 
vear  round  and  never  has  been  known  to  froe/e  over.  He  helped 
organize  Company  I  of  the  lU.'Ul  Hi.  Inf.  during  the  Rebellion; 
went  into  camp,  but  returned  on  recruiting  commission.  Has  held 
the  office  of  School  Trustee  ten  years;  has  also  been  Town  Clerk 
and  Road  Commissioner.     He  married  P^lizabeth    Baughman   Feb. 

15,  1844,  bv  whom  he  has  9  children.  Mrs.  B.  is  a  member  of  the 
Christian  Church.     P.  O.,  Smithfield. 

Isaac  Howard  was  born  in  Fulton  county.  111.,  in  1S;]2.  His 
flither,  Samuel,  is  a  native  of  Virginia,  and  his  mother  of  New 
York  ;  was  educated  in  this  county  in  the  (>ommon  schools  ;  is  a 
good,  clever  farmer,  and  has  one  of  America's  noblest  women  for 
an  helpmeet.  Mr.  Howard's  flither  died  when  he  was  but  7  years 
old,  and  he  was  bound  to  one  Rev.  Mr.  Emery,  with  whom  he  lived 
but  a  short  time,  after  which  he  worked  from  place  to  place  on  the 
farm,  and  by  patience  and  many  hard  knocks  he  has  come  into 
possession  of  two  good  farms.  Has  lived  in  Cass  township  25 
years  and  has  been  out  of  the  State  but  twice.  -  He  was  married  to 
Hannah  Baughman  in  1856.  Four  children  were  the  result  of  this 
happy  union, — Sarah  J.,  born  in  1857;  John,  born  Oct.,  1859; 
Chas".  G.,  born  May  20,  1862;  Luella,  born  Nov.  2,  1856.  P.  O., 
Smithtield. 

Henry  A.  Hoirertcr  was  born  in  Berks  Co.,  Pa.,  Fel).  9,  1850; 
is  of  German  descent.  He  came  with  his  parents  to  this  county  in 
1836;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  the  Keystone  State 
and  Fulton  Co.  His  father,  Benjamin,  lives  in  Cass  township. 
Mr.  H.  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser.  He  was  proprietor  of  a  tannery 
and  worked  in  a  woolen  factory  until  53  years  old.  He  has  been 
Town  Clerk  ;  was  married  in  1871  to  Anna  E.  Turner,  daughter  of 
Israel  Turner,  of  Knox  county.  His  grandmother  Howcrter,  father 
Howerter  and  all  his- family  were  born  in  the  same  house  in  Penn- 
sylvania. His  father  proposed  the  founding  of  the  j)resent  town 
of  Shamrock  in  Pennsylvania,  and  was  grain  and  coal  merchant 
there  for  a  number  of  vears.  Is  a  member  of  the  Lutheran  Church. 
P.  O.,  Smithtield. 

James  T.  Irwin,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  34  ;  P.  O.,  Smith- 
field.     The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Licking  Co.,  O.,  July 

16,  1837.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1849,  and  went  to  the  Terri- 
tories in  1865,  and  had  several  encounters  with  the  Indians  while 
there.  At  one  time  the  red-skins  attempted  to  stamjjede  their 
teams,  but  the  leader,  a  white  renegade,  was  captured.  They  gave 
him  a  "moonlight"  trial,  and  released  hin  on  the  promise  to  keep 
the  peace.  They  employed  two  men  to  bring  them  back  to  the  set- 
tlement, who  proved  tt»  be  robbers.  Before  reaching  Fort  Kearney, 
a  bare-headed  man,  with  but  one  boot,  met  them  and  talked  famil- 
iarly MMtii  the  guides.  This  aroused  a  suspicion  in  Mr.  I.,  and 
he  lay  awake  all  nigiit  and  heard  their  plans  for  murdering  the 
party  the  next  day,  which  was  checked  in  the  morning  by  dismiss- 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  598 

ing  the  guides  under  threats  of  ininu'diate  death.  He  was  married 
to  Sainantha  Totten,  who  has  borne  him  9  children,  7  of  M'hom  are 
living. 

J.  A.  Johnxnn,  Postmaster  and  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Smithfield; 
is  a  son  of  Thompson  and  ^lahala  Ann  Johnson,  and  was  horn  in 
Belmont  Co.,  C).,  in  LSoT.  lie  came  to  tliis  county  in  18(i(S.  He 
served  for  4  years  in  the  late  Rebellion  as  private  in  Co.  F,  55th  111. 
Inf.,  and  after  many  narrow  escapes  was  honorably  discharged.  He 
was  united  in  marriage  witli  I^ucinda  A.  Wheeler,  who  lias  borne 
him  three  children, — Geo.,  Cora  M.,  and  Sarah  B.  Mr.  J.  united 
with  the  M.  E.  Church  in  1877. 

William  Johnson,  farmer,  sec.  34;  P.  O.,  Smithfield;  was  born  in 
this  county.  Benj.  Johnson,  his  father,  is  a  native  of  New  York 
State ;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Fulton  Co.  He 
helj)ed  put  down  the  Indian  raids  and  depredations  in  Colorado  in 
1865,  under  Colonel  Chivington.  On  returning  from  the  battle  of 
Sand  creek,  he  with  others  traveled  48  hours  without  halting.  The 
son  of  the  guide  who  led  them  to  the  Indian  camp  was  the  chief  of 
the  tribe.  He  was  taken  ])risoner,  and  afterward  shot  by  some  re- 
vengeful soldiers.  Mr.  J.  has  been  twice  to  Kansas,  once  to  Texas, 
and  lived  three  months  in  the  Choctaw  nation.  Was  herder  in  the 
mountains  and  learned  to  swing  the  lasso  with  precision.  He  mar- 
ried Miss  Crawford,  ^Nlarch  10,  '7(5,  by  whom  he  has  2  children. 

John  (j.  K((l(r,i\\rn\vr,  aec.  5;  P.  O.,  Smithfield  ;  is  a  son  of  John 
and  Katharine  (Henry)  Kaler,  was  born  in  Crawford  Co.,  Pa., 
April  24,  18-34.  His  parents  moved  to  this  county  in  1839.  Mr. 
K.  served  in  the  late  Rebellion  in  Co.  D,  70th  111.  Inf.  He  was 
married  to  Edey  Hedge,  of  this  county,  in  1854.  She  died  shortly 
afterwards  and  he  again  married,  this  time  Anna  Bevard.  He  is 
the  father  of  five  children.  Mrs.  Kaler  is  a  member  of  the  Mt. 
Pleasant  Christian  Church. 

Solomon  IT.  Kcimc,  farmer,  sec.  31  ;  P.  ().,  Smithfield.  The  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Stark  Co.,  O.,  March  18,  1833.  His 
father,  Daniel,  and  mother,  Katharine  (Kennel)  Keime,  are  natives  of 
Penn.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1858;  served  three  years  in  the 
Rebellion.  By  the  sweat  of  the  brow  he  has  ol)tained  a  comfortable 
home.  He  married  Lovina  ^lason  March  11,  1859,  by  whom  he 
has  seven  children, — ^lartha  E.,  Chas.  W.,  U.  S.  Grant,  Samuel, 
Daniel  (dec.,)  Edward  R.  and  James. 

David  Lande.s,  merchant,  farmer  and  proprietor  of  the  Landes 
House,  Smithfield  ;  was  born  in  I^icking  Co.,  O.,  in  June,  18,'}(),  and 
came  to  this  county  in  1855.  Although  Mr.  L.  had  little  to  begin 
active  life  with,  yet  by  industry  and  hard  labor  he  has  accumulated 
enough  to  make  him  comfortabh^  tiirough  the  remainder  of  his  life. 
Besides  his  hotel  and  business  buildings  he  owns  a  farm,  which  is 
well  improved  and  stocked.  He  was  united  in  marriage  in  1858  with 
Mary  F.  Heath.  Edward  H.,  born  Aug.  4,  1859,  and  Wm.  F., 
born  April  8,  1863,  are  their  tMO  children. 


594  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

N.  H.  Lehman,  physician  and  surgeon,  Smithfield ;  was  born  in 
Mahoning:  Co.,  O.,  July  17,  1850;  came  to  this  State  in  1872, 
Shortly  after  arriviu";  here  he  received  a  sunstroke,  which  came 
near  jMittinij:  an  end  to  his  life.  Ho  was  educated  in  Poland  Semin- 
ary, and  the  Eclectic  Medical  College,  Cincinnati,  ().,  graduating 
with  high  honors  in  the  latter.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1877, 
and  by  his  superior  skill  has  l)uilt  up  a  large  ])ractice.  He  was 
married  Nov.  28,  1878,  to  Marv  Burkholder.  Mrs.  L.  is  a  member 
of  the  Sterling  M.  E.  Church.  ' 

W.  P.  Markland,  physician  and  surgeon,  Smithfield;  was  born 
in  Ripley  June  21,  1831,  and  educated  in  the  common  schools  of 
of  Indiana.  He  served  three  years  in  the  Rebellion,  enlisting  as 
Corporal  and  mustering  out  as  Sergeant.  The  Doctor  received  his 
medical  education  at  Bath,  Mason  county.  111.  He  is  the  father 
of  10  children,  four  of  whom  are  living, — Omar,  Elender,  AVra.  P. 
and  Evangeline.  By  his  merits  as  a  physician  the  Doctor  has  won 
a  large  practice,  and  such  almost  unparalleled  success  has  attended 
him  that  in  a  practice  of  4  years'  standing  he  has  lost  but  one  case. 
Wm.  K.  Moxliur,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  13 ;  P.  ().,  Cuba  ; 
was  born  in  Saratoga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  1,  1827,  and  is  the  son  of 
Nathaniel  T.  and  Maria  (Paull)  Moshier,  who  were  also  natives  of 
New  York.  He  removed  with  his  jiarcnts  to  Delaware  Co.,  O., 
in  1838,  where  his  father  died  in  1843,  thence  with  his  mother  he 
moved  to  Licking  Co.,  O.,  where  death  took  her  away  in  1847. 
He  arrived  at  Canton,  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  the  day  Abraham  Lincoln 
was  assassinated.  Mr.  M.  has  been  and  is  a  hard  laborer.  He  fed 
stock  15  winters  in  succession,  without  any  intermission,  not  even 
on  Sundays;  he  was  married  June  11,  1853,  to  I^ouisa  Link,  by 
whom  he  had  six  children,  5  living, — Frank,  James,  Laura,  John 
and  Ella.  Mrs.  Moshier  died  July  6,  1878,  leaving  the  care  of  the 
household  duties  entirely  u}H»n  Laura,  who  was  then  18  years  of 
age.  Miss  J..aura  deserves  great  credit  for  the  nuniner  in  which  she 
j)resides  over  her  father's  house.  !Mr.  ^L  has  had  his  hair-breadth 
escapes  as  well  as  others,  two  of  which  we  relate.  AVhile  in  Ohio 
he,  in  company  with  some  neighbor  boys,  felled  a  "  coon  tree," 
which  was  vcrv  large  and  bent  several  smaller  trees  with  their  tops 
to  the  ground;  going  toward  the  trcc-to])  one  of  these  trees  imme- 
diately broke  loose,  and  with  its  elastic  power  sent  a  small  limb 
through  the  toj)  of  his  head,  cutting  to  the  skull,  the  limb  passing 
on  into  the  ground  so  deep  that  the  four  men  could  not  pull  it  out. 
During  the  war  a  man  in  Newark,  ().,  jerked  a  butternut  })in  off 
him,  when  he  drew  a  revolver;  then  another  assailant  a])])eared  and 
felled  him  with  a  rock  as  he  was  in  the  act  of  shooting  a  colonel 
for  striking  him ;  a  friend  caught  the  hammer  and  thus  ended  the 
skirmish. 

Alhirt  T.  Murphy,  grain  dealer  and  farmer ;  P.  ().,  Cuba.  Mr. 
M.'s  father,  Solomon  ^Iurj)hy,  was  born  in  Licking  Co.,  O.,  July 
13,  1838.     He  came  with  his  parents  to  this  county   in  1852;  was 


HISTORY  OF   FULTON  COUNTY.  595 

educated  in  the  coniinon  schools  of  Ohio.  Mr.  M.  was  united  in 
marriage  Jan.  16,  1861,  with  Hannaii  Baughnian,  who  has  borne 
him  7  chikh-en, — Cora  B.,  Margaret  J.,  Rosetta,  Henry  M.,  Ger- 
trude, Salina  A.,  and  Chas.  M.  He  and  his  wife  are  members  of 
the  Christian  Church.  Mr.  M.  began  in  life  ''bare-handed/'  and  by 
hard  work  and  industry  has  succeeded  well. 

James  Marphi/,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  13 ;  P.  O.,  Cuba ;  is 
the  son  of  Wni.  Murphy,  deceased,  and  was  born  in  Ashland  Co. 
June  25,  1830;  came  with  his  parents  to  Fulton  county  in  Oct., 
1831 ;  was  educated  in  a  select  school  in  Cuba.  He  was  married 
Feb.  21,  1860,  in  Ashland  Co.,  O.,  to  Almira  Heifner.  Having 
returned  to  his  native  home  on  a  visit  he  was  captured  by  the  Miss 
Heifner,  and  she  still  "  holds  a  claim."  They  are  blessed  with  two 
children.  His  father,  Wm,  Murphy,  was  drafted  in  the  Black 
Hawk  war,  but  a  brother,  Adam,  served  in  his  stead.  As  is  well 
known,  Mr.  M.  was  an  early  settler  here.  He  gathered  strawberries 
where  Cuba  now  stands.  Also  has  borne  many  privations,  which 
early  settlers  were  heir  to.  He  has  lived  a  week  at  a  time  with  no 
bread  in  the  house. 

Will.  P.  Murphy,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  13;  P.  O.,  Cuba; 
is  the  son  of  Solomon  Murphy,  and  brother  of  A.  T.  Murphy, 
whose  biography  also  appears  in  this  volume;  was  born  in  Licking 
Co.,  O.,  Aug.  27,  1841  ;  came  to  this  county  with  his  })arents  in 
1853.  Mr.  M.  was  joined  in  marriage,  May  5,  '66,  with  Mary 
Lieurance,  who  departed  this  life  Feb,  27,  '76.  He  married  Hannah 
Peirsol,  March  8,  '77.  He  is  the  father  of  five  children.  He 
traveled  through  the  West  in  ^iWi,  and  again  in  '69.  He  also  served 
in  the  late  Rebellion  in  Co.  G,  11th  III.  Cavalry.  First  wife  was  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church.  Mr.  M.  has  labored  hard  to 
procure  a  home  for  his  family,  which  lie  has  well  accomplished. 

John  Nelson,  son  of  Henry  and  Debora  Nelson,  was  born  in  Ful- 
ton county,  111.,  in  1841  ;  was  educated  in  this  county;  is  a  wagon- 
maker,  and  served  in  the  late  Rebellion  in  Co.  A,  89th  111.  Inf ,  and 
was  discharged  Feb.,  1865;  was  married  Feb.  20,  1865,  to  Caroline 
Lucas,  by  whom  he  had  four  children, — Geo.  W.,  Alga  Riy  (de- 
ceased), Lula  M.  and  an  infant,  deceased.  Little  Ray  was  a  very 
intelligent  boy.  When  on  his  death-bed  he  refused  to  take  whisky, 
as  he  said  he  wanted  it  said  of  him  after  death  that  "he  never 
tasted  whiskv."  Also  said  he  heard  somebody  singing  in  the  air 
this  song :  "  We  are  going  home  to  die  no  more."  Residence,  Smith- 
field. 

Abraham  Oncuj,  agriculturist,  sec.  22;  P.  O.,  Smithlield.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Cass  township,  Feb.,  '38,  and  is 
the  son  of  John,  deceased,  and  Marguret  (Biughmun)  Orwig; 
removed  to  St  irk  county,  111.,  in  '<>2  and  returned  in  '()5,  where  he 
has  since  lived  and  labored  hard  in  the  interests  of  his  family.  He 
married  Olive  E.  Curfman,  of  Cass  township,  Feb.  10,  '59.  Ten 
children  are  the  result  of  this  union, — John  W.,  Chas.  E.,  Geo.  F  , 


59G  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

Delia  J.,  Elizabeth  E.,  Mary  A.,  Wm.  M.  and  David  C.  are  living, 
the  others  having  died.  His  brothers  David  and  Frank  live  on 
the  old  homestead.     Mrs.  O.  is  a  member  of  the  U.  B.  Church. 

James  Oririr/,  farmer,  P.  ().,  Cuba;  son  <»f  the  late  John  Orwig, 
of  Cass  township,  and  bother  of  Abraham  Orwig,  whose  biography 
also  appears  just  above,  Avas  born  in  Ohio,  Aug.  18,  '35.  He 
came  to  this  county  in  1837  ;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools 
of  Fulton  county.  He  has  traveled  some  through  the  Northwest, 
but  has  lived  mostly  in  this  township,  a  quiet  life,  laboring  in  the 
interests  of  home  and  home  enjoyments.  He  was  married  in  '57, 
to  Martha  J.  Stewart,  by  whom  he  has  nine  children. 

Jacob  31.  Peyton.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  Aug.  5, 
1841,  in  Clarke  Co.,  Va.,  and  is  the  son  of  Joseph  E.  and  Mary  S. 
(Fred)  Peyton.  He  went  with  his  parents  to  Licking  Co.,  O.,  in 
'49;  thence  to  Muskingum  Co.,  O.,  thence  to  Henry  Co.,  111.,  in 
'55,  thence  to  McDonough  Co.  in  '71,  and  to  Fulton  Co.  in  '74, 
where  his  father  died  in  1878.  He  was  educated  in  Knox  College, 
at  Galesburg,  111.  and  served  in  the  Rebellion  in  Co.  C,  9th  111. 
Cavalry.  He  was  discharged  in  '62;  Feb.  15,  '63,  received  a  Cap- 
tain's commission  from  Governor  Oglesby,  and  raised  Co.  I,  148th 
111.  Inf.,  and  remained  in  service  till  the  close  of  the  war.  While  on 
an  expedition  in  Arkansas  under  Col.  Wood  of  the  1st  Ind.  Cavalry, 
he  was  wounded  in  crossing  one  of  the  dykes  near  White  river. 
He  teaches  public  school  and  vocal  music  in  winter,  and  farms  in 
summer;  was  married  Aug.  24,  1876,  to  Phoebe  L.  Hendryx,  who 
has  presented  him  with  two  children,  Claudius  B.  and  Aggie  B. 
While  in  the  army  the  soldier  boys,  being  so  much  attached  to  their 
gallant  and  kind  Cajitaiu,  presented  him  with  a  valuable  watch  and 
chain. 

Wil.son  Reeiov.  This  whole-souled  gentleman  is  a  native  of  Ross 
county,  O.  He  was  born  Dec.  20,  1836.  John  Rector,  his  fother, 
is  a  native  of  Va.  His  mother,  Rebecca  (Wilson)  Rector,  is  a 
native  of  the  Emerald  Isle.  Mr.  Rector  came  to  this  county  in 
1841,  with  about  ^400,  and  now  owns  about  400  acres  of  well 
improved  land,  and  is  engaged  in  farming  and  raising  stock;  served 
4  years  as  Supervisor  for  Cass;  has  been  Assessor  two  terms  and 
Collector  two  terms;  was  married  to  Lamira  T.  Beadles,  Sej)t.  25, 
1856.  Eight  children  are  the  result  of  this  union,  all  living  and  at 
home, — Henry  J.,  born  July  1,  1857;  Geo.  E.,  James  M.,  Harriet 
E.,  John  E.,  Newton  H,  Louie  T.  and  Beadles  N.  P.  ().,  Smith- 
field. 

3//-.S.  Margaret  A.  Bobinwn,  Smithtield.  Our  subject  was  born  in 
Delaware  Jan.  26,  1832,  and  is  the  daughter  of  Levin  Cooper,  who 
came  to  this  county  in  1840  and  settled  near  Vermont,  where  he 
lived  a  rcsj)ected  and  much  esteemed  citizen  for  several  years,  Avhcn 
he  removed  to  near  Ipava.  Mr.  C.  was  killed  by  a  runaway  team 
in  1863.  Mrs.  Cooper  still  lives  a  widow  on  the  home  place.  Mrs. 
Robinson  is  highly  esteemed  in  Smithtield  as  a  pillar  of  the  Sabbath- 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  597 

school.  This  school  is  by  far  the  most  interesting  Sabbath-school 
in  this  part  of  the  county,  and  its  success  is  largely  attributed  to  the 
faithful  and  earnest  labors  of  Mrs.  Robinson.  This  school  now 
nunihors  108  members.  Not  only  in  Sniithfield  has  she  been  useful, 
but  has  been  an  earnest  S.  S.  worker  for  29  years.  She  has  been 
married  twice:  first  to  Joseph  Paul  Nov.  29,  1848.  This  union  was 
blessed  with  8  children.  Mr.  Paul  died  on  his  way  from  California 
in  1851.  She  was  married  to  William  C  Robinson  April  G,  1854. 
They  have  5  children,  of  whom  4  are  living.  Mr.  Rubinson  is  a 
native  of  Ohio  and  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1852,  where  he  has  pur- 
sued the  occupation  of  farming.  Their  son  Levin  is  now  17  vears 
old. 

^Y.  A.  Bou'cJen,  son  of  John  and  Nancy  (Henderson)  Rowden,  of 
Cass  township,  was  born  Jan.  12,  1849,  in  Miami  Co.,  Ind. ;  came 
with  his  parents  to  this  county  in  '50  ;  was  educated  in  the  common 
school  of  Fulton  county.  His  brother,  James  C.  Rowden,  is  Con- 
stable for  ('ass  township.  He  was  united  in  marriage  March  20, 
'73,  with  Clara  E.  HoUenwell,  who  has  borne  him  three  children, — 
Charles  F.,  James  (deceased)  and  Ennna.  He  is  a  member  of  the 
M.  E.  Church.     P.  O.,  Cuba. 

Kersey  J.  Russom,  Smithfield,  son  of  Levi  R.  (deceased)  and  Eliza- 
beth Russom,  was  born  in  Fulton  county  in  1858.  He  was 
educated  in  the  county  in  the  common  schools,  and  is  mostly  a  self- 
made,  energetic  school-teacher.  He  has  the  legal  profession  in  view 
as  a  life  business ;  was  raised  a  farmer's  boy ;  by  his  energy  and 
superior  talent  as  a  speaker  he  is  destined  to  make  his  mark  in  the 
world. 

Rev.  James  E.  RuUedije  ;  P.  O.,  Smithfield  ;  was  born  in  Augusta 
county,  Va.,  Jan.  26.  1834.  His  parents  brought  him  to  Farmers' 
tp.,  this  county,  in  1835 ;  was  reared  on  a  farm  ;  united  with  the  M. 
E.  Church  in  1852;  was  educated  in  the  Illinois  Wesleyan  Univer- 
sity at  Bloomington;  also  attended  tiie  Garrett  Biblical  Institute  3 
years;  joined  the  Central  Illinois  M.  P^.  Conference  in  1858,  in 
which  he  has  labored  until  the  present.  He  married  Miss  Emma 
A.  Miller  of  Henderson,  Knox  county,  111.,  Aug.  15,  1860,  by 
whom  he  has  had  5  children  :  of  these  4  are  living.  Rev.  R.  was 
ordained  Deacon  by  Bishop  Baker  in  1860;  ordained  Elder  by 
the  same  in  18(52.  His  labors  have  been  crowned  with  success  in 
his  various  fields  of  work.  Is  at  present  Pastor  of  the  Smithfield 
charge,  in  Macomb  District,  including  the  following  appointments  : 
Smithfield,  Providence,  Pleasant  Grove,  Marietta,  Williams  and 
Wiley. 

Mrs.  Lorinda  Shriber  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  June  28,  1836, 
and  is  the  daughter  of  John  Hinderliter  (deceased),  who  moved  to 
this  countv  in  18,38.  Mrs.  S.  was  educated  in  the  c<tmmon  schools 
of  this  county.  When  her  father  arrived  at  Canton  he  had  but  five 
cents  in  money,  and  a  team  and  wagon.  When  he  died  he  was  in 
good  financial  circumstances.     Her  husband  (deceased)  was  born  in 


598  HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY. 

Pennsylvania  and  came  here  in  1852.  He  served  in  the  Rebellion 
9  months.  She  has  six  children,  all  at  home;  John  and  Daniel 
being;  her  main  support.  She  is  a  consistent  member  of  the  Baptist 
Church ;  has  never  been  out  of  the  county  since  she  first  entered  in 
1838.     P.  O.,  Cuba. 

J.  Morgan  Stewart,  son  of  the  late  Richard  Stewart,  of  Cass 
township,  was  born  Sept.  15,  1844,  in  Licking  Co.,  O. ;  served  in 
Co.  E,  121st  O.  Inf.;  served  one  year  as  clerk  in  the  Inspector 
General's  department ;  was  in  the  battles  of  Chickasaw  and  Kene- 
saw  Mountains,  the  regiment  losing  half  its  men  in  each  engagement. 
He  was  one  of  19  in  his  company  of  lOG  who  served  the  entire 
time  without  furlough  or  discharge.  While  in  the  army  his  ])ar- 
ents  removed  to  Indiana  in  1865,  whither  he  followed.  His  par- 
ents came  to  this  county  in  1865  and  he  in  1866.  He  married 
Frances  Stenbeck,  Oct.  23,  1877.  His  father  took  a  firm  stand  on 
the  side  of  temperance  all  his  life ;  never  sued  a  man,  and  never 
was  sued,  which  principles  of  punctuality,  honesty  and  lenity  to- 
ward debtors  he  ever  taught  his  children.  He  was  a  worker  in  the 
M.  E.  Church,  and  died  May  18,  1879.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  M.  E.  Church.  He  is  engaged  in  the  pursuit  of  farming 
and  stock-raising.  Has  served  as  Collector  and  Supervisor  for  Cass 
township.     P.  O.,  Cul)a. 

James  W.  Strode,  farmer,  sec.  32  ;  P.  O.,  Smithfield.  He  was 
born  in  Adams  Co.,  O.,  in  Feb.,  1837  ;  came  to  this  county  in  1857  ; 
was  educated  in  the  common  schools  in  this  county.  Mr.  Strode 
had  nothing  with  which  to  begin  this  life,  but  has  managed  by  hard 
labor  and  economy  to  procure  a  comfortable  home;  was  married 
in  1864  to  Caroline  Irwin,  by  whom  he  has  had  9  children, — Isaac 
L.,  Carrie  A.,  Nancy  J.,  James  X.,  Sarah  K.,  Mahala  Y.,  Mary, 
\Vm.  I),  (deceased),  and  Ed.  V. 

John  Tottcn.  When  the  red  man  was  sporting  over  the  prairies 
of  Illinois  and  when  the  wolves  were  prowling  through  the  forests, 
William  Totten  placed  his  family  and  effects  in  a  one-horse  cart  in 
Ohio  and  found  his  way  to  Kentucky,  thence  to  Indiana,  and  final- 
ly to  Fulton  Co.,  where  in  1823  he  settled  on  the  well-known  Tot- 
ten's  Prairie.  It  would  require  a  large  volume  to  recount  all  the 
incidents  of  his  frontier  life  in  Fulton  Co.  Mr.  Totten  was  re- 
markable for  retaining  peace  with  the  Indians.  When  on  the  war 
path  they  would  visit  him,  trade  and  sport  with  him  and  leave 
peaceably.  He  was  the  first  settler  in  Cass  township,  and  settled 
on  sec.  27.  The  widow  of  William  Totten  still  lives  on  the  old 
homestead  with  her  son  John  Totten  at  the  age  of  84  years.  John 
Totten  followed  the  occupation  of  hunting  for  many  years,  raising 
such  grain  as  was  needed  for  family  use.  He  was  married  in  1847 
to  Barbary  Baughman.  Their  son,  Michael  P.  Totten,  was  born  in 
Fulton  Co.,  Oct.  18,  1850;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of 
this  county ;  is  a  well-to-do  farmer.  Miss  Almira,  daughter  of 
John   Totten,   is  but   13  years  of  age,   and   is   a   remarkably  good 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  599 

scholar  for  her  age.     Mrs.  Totten  was  educated  in  Ohio,  and  came 
here  with  her  parents  in  1832.     P.  O.,  Smithfiekl. 

Joseph  A.  Tussing,  bkicksmith,  Sniithfield,  is  a  son  of  Henry  Tus- 
sing,  a  native  of  Germany,  and  was  born  in  Ohio,  June  13,  1825. 
He  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  the  Buckeye  State  and 
came  to  this  county  in  1861.  He  became  an  orphan  early  in  life  and 
has  suffered  many  hard  knocks  among  strangers.  He  served  3  years 
in  the  Rebellion  in  Co.  I,  8th  Mo.  Inf  and  10  months  in  Co.  I, 
14()th  111.  luf  He  participated  in  18  battles,  and  was  -slightly 
wounded.  While  in  one  battle  a  ball  passed  through  liis  cap 
box  and  ruined  his  watch,  which  however  saved  his  life.  He 
was  married  to  Caroline  McCorkle  in  Jan.,  1847,  who  bore 
him  one  child,  now  deceased.  He  married  Miss  M.  J.  M. 
Greenman  in  1850;  one  child,  Wm.  R.,  was  the  result  of  this  union. 
The  third  time  he  was  married  to  Clarissa  Shoemaker,  Jan.  5,  1879. 
Having  lost  two  wives  and  being  bereft  of  parents  when  quite  young 
Mr.  T's  life  thus  far  has  been  accompanied  with  much  sadness. 

Aiihur  M.  Varuold,  farmer  and  thresher,  sec.  17;  P.  ().,  Smith- 
field.  Mr,  V.  is  the  son  of  Peleg  Yarnold,  of  Smithtield,  and  was 
born  and  raised  in  this  township.  He  is  an  experienced  thresher, 
having  operated  a  threshing-machine  for  twenty  years.  He  was 
united  in  the  holy  bonds  of  matrimony  with  ]\Iartha  German  July 
14,  1858.  She  was  called  to  her  eternal  rest  April  24,  1872.  He 
was  married  to  Mary  M.  Bull  Jan.  18,  1874.  She  has  since  become 
the  mother  of  2  children.  Mr.  V.  lost  his  dwelling  with  all  of 
its  effects  by  fire  Jan.  15,  1872. 

P.  A.  Walters,  farmer  and  mechanic,  sec.  24 ;  P.  O.,  Cuba ;  was 
born  in  Augusta  county,  Va.,  March  27,  1825,  and  is  the  son  of 
Thomas  and  Mary  (Wood)  Walters;  came  to  this  county  in  1841 ; 
was  educated  in  select  schools  of  Virginia  and  Fulton  county. 
Served  as  Assessor  for  five  years  and  Collector  one  year.  He  was 
married  March  27,  '50  to  Frances  A.Markley.  Nine  children  have 
been  born  to  them,  six  of  which  are  living.  He  and  his  life-com- 
panion are  consistent  members  of  the  Christian  Church.  Mr.  W. 
went  to  California  in '53,  overland,  and  returned  by  shij)  in '56 ; 
traveled  through  Montana  and  Idaho  in  '64  and  returned. 

Henry  Wauyhtcl.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Hock- 
ing Co.,  O.,  June  27,  1812;  removed  with  his  father  to  Richland 
Co.  in  1814,  thence  to  Fountain  Co.,  Ind.,  in  '25,  thence  to  Putman 
township,  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  in  '27.  He  helped  build  the  fort  on  A. 
C.  Moore's  farm;  has  been  a  resident  of  Cass  township  since  1828, 
except  a  little  over  4  years,  which  was  spent  in  the  lead  mines  of 
Wisconsin ;  gained  a  fortune  there,  but  was  swindled  out  of  it  by 
worthless  men.  When  young  was  very  fond  of  fishing  and  hunting, 
in  which  the  young  of  early  days  engaged  frequently.  He  wit- 
nessed the  deep  snow  in  1830,  which  killed  animals,  turkeys  and 
game  by  the  thousands.  On  a  hunting  expedition  after  the  snow  he 
found  21  dead  deer  and  but  one  live  one.  The  Indian  ponies  nearly  all 


600  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

perished  in  this  snow.  Mr.  W.  was  the  first  man  to  step  out  to 
the  music  when  the  call  for  volunteers  was  made  in  18.'}2  to  j)ut  down 
the  Black  Hawk  war.  David  W.  Barnes  was  Captain  and  Thomas 
W.  Clark  and  Asa  Langford  Lieutenants.  The  company  W(!nt  to 
Dixon  ou  Rock  river,  and  from  there  Gov.  Reynolds  sent  them  uj) 
the  river,  there  being  but  217  men,  including  officers,  to  meet  the 
foe.  On  the  evening  of  the  second  day's  march  they  camped  on 
Sycamore  creek.  While  sporting  and  congratulating  one  Mr.  Paul, 
who  had  shot  two  Indians  that  afternoon,  a  dozen  Indians  made 
their  appearance  on  the  bank  of  the  creek.  The  excited  men  ran 
after  the  Indians  at  full  speed.  The  remaining  men  formed  in  line 
and  marched  to  meet  the  enemy.  When  they  drew  in  sight  they  were 
outnumbered.  Mr.  W.  says  there  were  over  2,0(X)  red-skins.  Before 
they  were  aware  of  it  they  were  nearly  surrounded.  The  Indians, 
led  by  Black  Hawk,  made  a  fearful  charge  and  the  Fulton  county 
boys  were  routed,  losing  11  men.  This  l)att]e  was  known  as  Still- 
man's  defeat.  He  also  states  that  the  Indians  had  a  drum.  Mr. 
H.  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  and  failed  in  1839.  He 
married  Margaret  Markley  Aug.  10,  '37,  and  is  the  father  of  12 
children  ;  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church  ;  is  local  preacher.  Con- 
verted at  C.  P.  camp-meeting  in  1831.  Was  the  first  Supervisor 
for  Cass  tp.     P.  ().,  C'uba. 

Jacob  Zeigler  was  born  in  Ashland  Co.,  ().,  Jan.  1,  1839;  came  to 
this  county  in  1858;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Ohio. 
When  Mr.  Zeigler  came  to  this  county  he  had  §2.50.  He  worked 
for  Wm.  Hinderliter  four  years,  and  noM'  owns  200  acres  of  land 
well  improved.  He  is  the  only  man  in  Cass  township  who  deals  in 
thorough-bred  cattle.  The  head  of  the  herd.  Emperor  Sixth,  was 
calved  April  7,  1877,  and  was  got  by  American  Sheriff;  American 
SheriflP,  by  Sheriff  (29,9(54)  imported,  out  of  Duchess  of  York. 
Mr.  Zeigler  was  nuirried  to  Sarah  A.  Hinderliter  Oct.,  18(31,  by 
whom  he  has  seven  children, — Effie  M.  (deceased),  Clara  B.,  Willis 
T.,  Ralsoni  J.,  Chas.  S.,  Jesse  F.  and  Sarah  A.  Mr.  Z.  also  pos- 
sesses 160  acres  of  land  in  Nebraska.     P.  O.,  Smithfield. 

TO^VNSHir    OFFICIALS. 

The  following  gentlemen  have  guided  the  public  affairs  of  the 
township  since  its  organization  : 

SUPERVISORS. 

H.  Waughtel 18r)0  H.  W.  Baughman 1S59-(J5 

Abraham   Murphy ISol  John   A.   Waters 1866-67 

('has.    Ilowar.l.....' lSo2-53  A.  Murphy 1868 

John  Rector 1854  Isaac  llemlerson 1860 

Jacob  Bavless 1855  Isaac  Howard 1870-72 

James  Van   Hauten 1856  Wilson  Rector 1873-76 

Abraham    Murphv 1857  James  M.  Stewart 1877 

Daniel   Hemlersoii 1858  A.S.Watson 1878-80 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


601 


TOWN    CLERKS. 


Jacob  Bayless 1850 

Hiram  S.  Higgins 1851-53 

John  H.  Bangiiman 1854-56 

H.  W.  Baughman 1857 

II.  I).  Ball 1858-59 

H.    Waughtel 1860-02 

Wra.  A.   Ransom 1863 

C.  C.  Martin 1864 

W.  Rector 1865-66 


S.  B.  Marklej- 1867-69 

James  Horrell 1870 

J.  H.  Tamron 1871-72 

James  Horrell 1873 

John  A.  Johnson 1874 

Henry  A.  Howater 1875-76 

E.  B.  Hughs 1877-78 

J.  H.  Baughman 1879 


ASSESSORS. 


John  Rector 1850-51 

Wm.  Johnson , 1852 

John  Rector 1853 

Jacob  Bayless 1854 

James  Randall 1855 

A.  Murphy 1856-60 

P.  A.  Walters 1861 

Isaac  Howard 1862 

A.  R.  Baughman 1863-66 


Joel  B.  Patterson 1867-68 

James  Murphy 1869 

P.  A.  Walters' 1870-71 

Wilson  Rector 1872 

P.  A.  Walters 1873-74 

Joel  B.  Patterson 1874-76 

James  Horrell 1876 

P.  A.  Walters 1877-78 

William  Rector 1879 


COLLECTORS. 


John  Shoup 1850 

Chas.  Howard 1851 

Wm.  H.  Totten 1852 

John  Rector 1853 

A.  Herbert 1854 

James  Randall 1855 

A.  Murphv 1856-00 

P.  A.  Walters 1861 

Isaac  Howard 1862 

A.  R.  Baughman 1863-66 


Albert  Herbert 1866 

Lucius  Grant 1867-68 

John   Brock 1869 

Wilson  Rector 1870-71 

William  A.  Ransom 1872-73 

James  M.  Stewart 1874 

James  Horrell 1875 

Daniel   Higgins 1876-77 

John  Schriber 1878 

Geo.  R.  Carley 1879 


DEERFIELD  TOWNSHIP. 

Deerfield  township  (the  field  of  deer)  was  in  an  early  day  the 
favorite  resort  of  thousands  of  deer,  especially  on  Reeves'  Prairie, 
on  sections  1,  2  and  3:  hence  the  name.  In  the  y^sar  LS23  Robert 
Reeves  purchased  the  northwest  quarter  of  section  2  and  in  the  fol- 
lowing year  left  civilization  and  settled  here  in  the  then  wilds  of 
Deerfield,  where  the  nights  were  hideous  by  the  ceaseless  howling 
of  the  blood-thirsty  wolves.  Among  his  nearest  neighbors  were 
Henry  Waughtel,  sr.,  Wm.  Totten  and  Simon  Camron,  of  Cass 
township,  at  a  distance  of  about  ten  miles.  Among  the  earlier  set- 
tlers of  Deerfield  were  John  S.  and  Samuel  Edmonson,  Zebulon  and 
Milton  Foster,  John  S.  Dyer,  John  H.  Martin,  Isaac  Weaver  and 
and  Hezekiah  Cattron,  all  of  whom  settled  in  the  vicinity  of  Reeves' 
Prairie.  The  original  Reeves  farm  was  ])urchased  in  1835  of  the 
widow  and  heirs  of  Robert  Reeves  by  the  late  William  Weaver  of 
this  county,  and  whose  son,  Joshua  Weaver,  is  living  upon  the 
prairie  at  ])resent.  John  Martin  was  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
and  was  elected  in  1H37.  Schools  were  taught  in  the  township  as 
early  as  1840.  John  H.  Martin  Avas  the  first  Supervisor.  John  T. 
Vittum  is  the  present  incumbent. 

Deerfield  stands  among  the  first  townships  of  the  county  in  })oint 
of  religious  organizations.  There  are  six  of  these  in  the  township 
and  four  church  edifices.  The  Sunday-schools  established  semi- 
annual conventions  in  the  township  under  the  title  of  the  Deerfield 
Sabbath-school  Association,  in  1875.  Joshua  Weaver  is  President 
and  M.  D.  Dickinson  Secretary. 

CHURCHES. 

Wiley  Union  Church. — The  Methodists  and  Lutherans  l)uilt  a 
house  in  1879  upon  the  land  donated  by  Mr.  E.  Wiley,  in  1839,  for 
school  and  ('liuicli  i)urj)Oses.  Mr.  Wiley  did  not  deed  the  land,  but 
his  successor,  John  Scott,  transferred  it  to  the  Trustees  for  the  above 
named  purposes.  Services  are  held  every  two  weeks  l)y  liev.  J.  E. 
Rutledge,  M.  E.  preacher,  and  every  alternate  Sunday  by  Rev. 
Martin,  Lutheran  Pastor. 

Franklin  Christian  Church,  commonly  known  as  the  New-Light 
Christian  Church,  was  organized  April  10,  1809,  by  Elder  John  K. 
Jones,  with  ten  members.  This  Ciiurch  sprang  mostly  from  the  old 
Pleasant  Valley  congregation,  whic^h  was  organized  at  the  house  of 
John  Laswell,  July  21,  1838,  by  Dr.  John  Scott,  who    now  resides 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  603 

in  Prairie  City,  111.  This  little  band  grew  and  prospered  until  it 
numbered  at  one  time  over  70  members.  But  some  of  the  members 
having  died,  some  dismissed  by  letter  and  others  uniting  in  another 
bodv  as  the  ^U.  Pleasent  Church,  the  history  of  whieh  is  given  in 
coniieetion  with  Cass  township,  the  Pleasant  Valley  Church  dis- 
banded. Present  membership  of  the  Franklin  Church  is  (K).  Elder 
E.  W.  Irons  is  Pastor. 

Sharon  Cinnherlnnd  Prcfihutcrian  ( htirch  was  organized  in  the 
autumn  of  IH'Mi  by  Kev.  -John  Berry,  at  the  house  of  John  Edmon-* 
son.  The  records  were  burned  in  the  house  of  Mr.  Holmes,  and  in 
1850  the  Church  was  re-organized  and  services  were  held  in  the 
new  school-house  just  across  the  line  in  Young  Hickory  townshi]). 
There  are  about  15  members,  but  employ  no  regular  ])astor,  as  the 
Presbyterians,  Methodists  and  l^utherans  have  united  their  forces 
and  employed  a  minister  to  j)reach  for  all. 

Lutheran  Zion  Church  was  organized  July  23,  1849,  with  a  meiii- 
bership  of  14,  in  the  Wiley  school-house,  by  Rev.  Mr.  Scharer. 
This  organization  built  a  church  edifice  in  18G6,  and  in  1872  the 
growing  desire  upon  the  part  of  some  for  English  preaching  was  so 
great  that  the  Church  divided,  and  now  consists  of  two  organiza- 
tions, each  one  employing  a  pastor  and  worshiping  in  the  same  house. 
One  of  them  is  termed  the  German  Lutheran  and  the  other  the 
English  Jjutheran  congregation,  yet  we  give  both  as  the  history  of 
one  Church,  for  both  claim  to  be  the  Lutheran  Church,  and  each 
holds  that  the  other  is  the  faction ;  but  the  German  congregation 
holds  the  old  records.  The  ])eople  are  all  Germans,  but  the  word 
"  English  "  is  used  to  designate  one  from  the  other. 

iJcvrJield  Temperance  Union. — Rev.  Mr.  Evans,  of  Fairview,  as- 
sisted by  Dr.  Beer,  of  P^llisville,  delivered  a  series  of  lectures  at 
the  Lutheran  Church  and  Wiley  school-house  in  the  spring  of  1870, 
and  on  the  10th  of  June  the  above-named  society  was  organized 
with  J.  C.  Tompkins  President  and  M.  1).  Dickinson  Secretary. 
Their  motto  is  ''Total  Abstinence ;"  badge,  blue  ribbon  ;  member- 
ship, about  50. 

I'EHSONAL      SKETCHES. 

As  a  part  of  the  history  of  the  townshiji  we  add  the  following 
i)ricf  personal  biogra])hics  : 

BarthjjB.  Blouf,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  18;  P.  ().,  Babyi(»n. 
Mr.  B.  was  born  June  2,  1830,  in  Franklin  Co.,  ().  He  came  to 
Fulton  Co.  with  his  parents,  Allen  and  Elitha  (Boyd)  Blout,  as 
early  as  1837,  and  consequently  knows  much  of  ])ioneer  life.  His 
father  used  to  go  40  miles  to  mill,  and  he  says  he  has  seen  their 
neighbor,  Abram  Teatswortii,  ])low  with  a  forked  stick.  He  killed 
a  deer  on  the  opposite  bank  of  the  river  one  time,  and  sw^am  over 
to  get  him.  He  took  out  its  entrails  with  a  nail,  sunk  it  in  the 
water  and   tied  it  there  with  a  grape  vine  to  keep  the  wolves  from 


H04  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

it.  Ho  married  Nancy  A.  Judy,  July  15,  1X5;),  who  has  borne  him 
6  children, — 4  boys  and  2  girls.  Mr.  B.  has  held  many  of  the 
tp.  offices. 

Levi  Brown,  carpenter;  P.  ().,  P^llisville  ;  was  l)()rn  in  Stark  Co., 
O.,  Oct.  10,  1836  ;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Indiana  in  1845,  and 
came  to  this  county  in  1855;  worked  for  Mr.  Cope  about  a  year. 
He  has  been  Collector  two  terms,  Justice  of  the  Peace  13  years,  and 
also  Pathmaster  and  School  Director ;  was  married  to  Sarah  C. 
Zimmerman  Aug.  30,  1860.  She  has  borne  7  children,  5  of  whom 
are  living, — Mary  A.,  David  A.,  Chas.  H,,  Clarence  E.,  and  Artie  L. 

David  Z.  Buchen  is  engaged  in  blacksmithing  on  sec.  25  with  his 
brother  John.  He  is  the  son  of  John  and  Rachel  (Smith)  Buchen, 
and  was  born  in  Carroll  Co.,  Ind.,  March  22,  1842.  He  came  from 
that  State  to  this  county  in  1872.  He  began  to  learn  his  trade 
when  18  vears  old  and  has  worked  at  it  since.  He  worked  for  the 
Government  at  Washington,  D.  C,  for  8  months.  In  1864  he  was 
married  in  ^lanchester,  Md.,  to  Hanna  Jane  Wilhelm,  who  was 
born  in  Baltimore  Co.,  Md.,  in  Nov.,  1842. 

John  Bachen,  blacksmith,  sec.  25;  P.  O.,  Fiatt ;  was  born  in 
Carroll  county,  Md.,  Jan.  11,  1844.  His  father,  John  Buchen,  of 
Carroll  county,  died  in  1852 ;  his  mother,  Rachel,  nee  Smith,  is 
living  in  Canton,  at  the  age  of  about  70  years.  Mr.  B.  worked  for 
the  Government  3  years  in  the  city  of  Washington.  He  learned 
his  trade  on  the  old  homestead  in  Maryland  and  has  followed  it  ever 
since  with  moderate  success.  In  1869  he  was  married  to  Mary 
Snider,  who  was  born  Feb.  15,  1846.  Tliey  had  a  family  of  8  chil- 
dren born  to  them, — 6  boys  and  2  girls. 

Jacob  M.  Dickson. — There  was  born  to  Uriah  W.  and  Ruth  A. 
(Foster)  Dickson,  of  Canton,  111.,  on  Dec.  12,  1857,  a  son,  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch.  In  this,  his  native  county,  he  has  been  reared 
and  educated  ;  was  l)rakeman  on  the  C,  B.  ^  Q.  R.  R.  for  a  short 
time;  went  to  Colorado  in  '77.  He  was  married  !March  12,  1879, 
to  Lydia  Shleich,  daughter  of  the  late  Jacob  Shleich,  of  Fairview 
township.  Mrs.  D,  is  a  meml)er  of  the  Dutch  Reformed  Church. 
Mr.  D.  is  engaged  in  agricultural   i)ursuits.     P.  O.,  Fairview. 

Matfhi(ts  D.  Dickinson,  teacher,  son  of  C.  II.  and  Susan  Dickin- 
son, of  Deerfield  township,  was  born  in  Morris  county,  N.  J.,  Nov. 
8,  1852,  and  came  with  his  parents  to  Fulton  county  in  '62 ; 
received  a  common-school  education  in  this  county,  and  by  industry 
and  economy  has  borne  his  nwn  exjienses  through  Hedding  College, 
Abingdon,  111.  He  is  a  memi)er  of  the  M.  E.  Church;  was  reared 
on  a  farm,  but  is  turning  his  attention  to  teaching.  P.  ().,  Ellis- 
ville. 

Martin  V.  Dunavan,  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.  O.,  Fiatt;  was  born 
Aug.  4,  1837,  in  Fulton  county,  and  is  the  son  of  Lewis  and  Mary 
(Baughman)  Dunavan.  His  father  died  in  1878,  and  his  mother  in 
1857.  Mr.  D.  enlisted  in  the  Second  California  Cav.,  in  1862,  and 
engaged  in  fighting  the  Indians,  principally.  In  1866  he  was  joined 
in  marriage  with  Isabel  Hartford  and  has  a  family  of  children. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  605 

Chas.  B.  Edmonson,  farmer  and  blacksmith,  sec.  10;  P.O.,  Ellis- 
villc  ;  was  born  in  Jackson  county,  Nov.  29,  1827.  He  was  brought 
to  this  coniity,  in  18."}(),  by  liis  ])arents,  M'ho  first  settled  upon  Tot- 
ten's  Prairie.  Thev  now  resitie  in  McDonough  county.  ]\Ir.  E. 
enlisted  Aug.  12,  18(52,  in  Co.  D,  103d  111.  Inf.,  to  help"defend  our 
dear  old  Hag  and  nuiintain  a  united  country.  He  was  transferred 
to  the  Veteran  Reserve  Corps  ;  was  sick  for  a  year.  He  has  had 
the  misfortune  to  have  both  legs  broken, — one  October  12,  18(j5, 
by  a  saw-log,  the  other  Nov.  10,  187(),  by  being  kicked  by  a  cow. 
He  was  married  June  o,  1870,  to  Rebecca  Dyckman,  native  of  Deer- 
field.     Two  girls  and  one  bov  have  blessed  the  union. 

Frank  F.  Foiif.^  was  born 'March  3,  1850,  in  Ellisville,  111.  His 
father,  George  Fonts,  is  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  and  settled 
in  this  county  in  1852.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  one  of  14 
children,  8  of  whom  are  living.  His  parents  were  married  in  the 
Keystone  State,  Nov.  14,  1850.  His  father  started  for  Pike's  Peak 
during  the  excitement  of  '59;  met  men  homeward  bound  very  much 
dissatisfied,  and  returned;  went  to  Montana  and  Idaho  in  '(54,  re- 
turned via  Pike's  Peak;  stopped  in  Utah  and  worked  for  the  Gov- 
ernment, receiving  $140  a  month.  Frank  is  engaged  in  farming 
and  stock-raising  with  his  father.     I*.  ().,  Ellisville. 

Jacob  A.  (juodcll,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Ellisville ;  was  born  in  Rocking- 
ham Co.,  Mass.,  June  23,  1818.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1840, 
but  has  resided  in  Ijicking  and  Crawford  counties,  O.  His  father, 
Samuel  Goodell,  served  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  came  to  this  State 
in  1838.  Mr.  G.  has  served  as  Constable,  Deputy  Sheriff,  Path- 
master,  and  School  Director;  was  married  to  Henrietta  Kaler,  Nov. 
1,  '42,  by  whom  he  iiad  11  children  ;  is  a  member  of  the  Christian 
(New-Light)  Cliurch.  He  amassed  considerable  wealth  at  two  dif- 
ferent times,  but  lost  all,  first,  by  security  debts,  second,  by  fire  and 
trust  deed.  His  grandfather  Wooster  lived  78  years  with  one 
wife,  and  died  at  the  age  of  111  years,  3  months  and  10  days. 
Is  a  cooper  and  carpenter  by  trade,  but  now  follows  farming. 

Xclson  S.  Johnson,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  P.  O.,  Fiatt ;  is  a  son 
of  the  late  B.  C.  Johnson  ;  was  born  in  Joshua  township,  this  county, 
June  9,  '49.  Mis  father  came  to  Joshua  township  in  18.'>2,  and 
hence  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  there ;  was  about  the  first  man 
who  ran  for  Sheriff  of  Fulton  Co.  on  the  Whig  ticket;  and  was  ten- 
dered 1<)()  acres  of  land  within  2?.  miles  of  Canton  at  one  time,  for 
a  horse.  He  was  also  a  self-made  teacher,  teaching  several  years  in 
Joshua  township.  When  a  little  boy  he  went  to  Chicago  to  mill.  He 
began  active  life  witii  40  acres  of  land  and  a  horse,  and  died 
wealthy  at  the  age  of  58  years,  leaving  his  son  N.  S.,  the  snbject  of 
this  sketch,  a  large  farm.  Mr.  J.  is  inventor  and  sole  ])roprietor  of 
Johnson's  Pidverizing  Harrow  and  Clod  Smasher,  which  the  farm- 
ers of  Deerfield  and  adjoining  townships  so  highly  prize.  He  has 
traveled  through  the  West,  and  attended  the  C'entennial.  He  was 
united   in   marriage   Dec.  27,  '71    with   Dollie  Hester,  by  whom  he 


(iOG  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

had  a  little  girl,  Adda  Claudie;  but  Providence  called  her  away. 
Mrs.  ,1.  is  a  iiuMnher  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

WUIidin  II.  I\cfch(nn,  farmer  and  carj)enter,  sec.  12;  P.  ().,  Baby- 
lon. On  the  14th  of  May,  1825,  there  was  born  to  Hiram  and 
Nancy  M.  (Austin)  Ketcham,  of  New  York,  a  son,  whom  they 
christened  William  H.  He  came  first  to  Peoria  Co.  with  his  par- 
ents, thence  to  Mason  Co.,  and  finally  to  Fulton.  He  has  been 
twice  married, — the  first  time  to  Miss  .lulia  Ann  Waixner  Nov.  14, 
18(51.  His  present  wife,  Mrs.  Catharine  (Shafi'er)  Ackley,  he  mar- 
ried Mar.  15,  1874.  He  had  2  children,  Maria  K.  and  John  Henry, 
by  his  first  w^ife,  and  one  by  his  present  wife.  She  is  a  member  of 
the  Christian  (New-Light)  Church.  Mr.  K.  helped  build  Babvlon 
Mills  in  1850-1. 

Job  B.  Knott,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec  10;  was  born  near 
Table  Grove,  111.,  June  25,  1832.  His  parents  came  to  Ind.  in 
1828  and  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1832.  His  father,  John  Knott,  is  de- 
ceased ;  his  mother  is  84  years  old.  Job  was  married  to  Civillia 
Runk  March  23,  '5().  Nine  children  have  been  born  to  them, — 8 
boys,  one  girl, — 8  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  K.  was  drafted  twice 
during  the  Rebellion,  but  never  entered  the  service.  He  began  life 
]ioor,  and  although  he  has  lost  considerable  money  by  security  and 
suffered  other  misfortunes,  yet  he  now  has  175  acres  of  good  land  un- 
incumbered. He  has  hauled  wheat  to  Chicago  with  an  ox  team  and 
sold  it  for  30  cts.     P.  O.,  Ellisville. 

Joseph  A.  Knott  is  a  son  of  John  and  Nancy  (Miller)  Knott,  and 
brother  of  Job  B.  Knott,  of  this  county  ;  was  born  in  Clark  Co.,  ()., 
Aug,  2,  182(5.  His  i)arents  removed  with  him  to  Table  Grove,  111., 
in  1828  and  to  Deerfield  tj).  in  '32;  was  educated  in  Fulton  Co.  in 
l)oth  select  and  common  schools.  He  served  in  the  l^el)ellion  in 
Co.  I),  55th  111.  Inf  ;  was  wounded  in  the  biittle  at  Shiloh  by  an  ex- 
])loding  shell.  Mr.  K.  was  united  in  marriage  March  25,  '45,  with 
vSarah  White,  by  whom  he  had  5  children;  was  married  again  June 
22,  to  Abigail  (Ketcham)  Daily,  by  whom  he  also  had  5  children. 
Is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church.  Fjived  in  Iowa  3  years. 
Traveled  in  Kansas,  Mo.,  Iowa,  and  Neb.  ;  removed  to  Mo.,  but  re- 
turned without  unh)adint2;;  didn't  like  the  country.  He  is  now  a 
farmerr  formerly  a  cooper.     P.  O.,  Ellisville. 

Dnnicl  M.  Lairson,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Ellisville;  Mr.  L.  is  a  son  of 
Jain(>s  and  Elizabeth  (Sleighder)  Lawson  and  was  born  Feb.  16, 
1848,  in  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.;  removed  to  Fairfield  Co.,  ().,  in  '64, 
and  to  Fulton  Co.  in  '70:  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of 
Penn.  While  riding  on  the  cars  near  Ijancaster,  O.,  the  cars  ran  off 
the  track,  a  rail  breaking  and  forcing  its  way  through  the  car  in 
which  he  was  riding;  l)ut  all  escaj>ed  uninjured.  He  was  married 
Aug.  18,  1875,  to  ^lary  Vj.  Weaver,  daughter  of  Joshua  Weaver,  of 
whom  we  speak  elsewhere  in  this  work.  They  have  two  children, 
Grace  G.  and  Nora  E.  Mrs.  L.  is  a  member  of  the  Cumberland 
Presbyterian  Church. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY,  609 

Lewis  J/a/'f/n  was  born  in  Germany  Sept.  13,  '36,  and  was  ])r()ught 
to  this  country  by  his  parents,  both  of  whom  are  now  dead,  in  1<S40. 
He  came  into  Fulton  Co.  in  1845.  He  enlisted  Aug.  14,  '62,  in  Co. 
B,  103d  111.  Inf.,  and  served  till  June  21,  1865.  He  took  part  in 
the  battles  of  Mission  Ridge,  Savannah  and  other  important  engage- 
ments. He  was  married  in  Canton  in  Aug.,  1866,  to  Katharine 
Mahr.  They  have  been  blessed  with  4  children, — 3  boys,  one  girl. 
Both  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Lutheran  Church.  Mr. 
M.  is  engaged  in  farming  on  sec.  16.     P.  O.,  Ellisville. 

Nelson  (r.  3IiUs,  farmer,  sec.  13;  P.  O.,  Babylon.  Mr.  Mills  is  a 
native  of  this  county  and  was  born  April  8,  1844.  His  parents,  Gid- 
eon and  Emeline  (Bishoj))  ^lills,  are  deceased.  Mr.  M.  served  in 
Co.  B,  TOth  111.  Inf.,  during  the  Rebellion,  and  is  now  a  member  of 
Co.  H,  4th  I.  N.  G.  Nov.  16,  1871,  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Miss  Ellen  Jones  in  Stark  Co.  She  is  the  daughter  of  Isaac 
and  Ruth  Jones.  Isaac  N.,  Henry  O.  and  Ruth  E.  are  their  chil- 
dren. 

Joseph  Mitchell,  son  of  Matthew  and  Jane  (Corbit)  Mitchell,  was 
born  in  Indiana  July  24,  1826;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Mont- 
gomery county,  111.,  in  1827,  thence  to  this  county  in  1838;  has 
been  Constable  8  years,  School  Director  18  years,  and  also  Road 
Commissioner;  married  Janctte  Pigsley  (3ct.  15,  1848,  by  whom  he 
had  11  children,  all  living,  the  oldest  30  and  the  youngest  3  years 
of  age ;  four  are  in  Iowa ;  Jennie  was  married  to  Luther  Shaffer 
Sept.  27,  1877.  Mrs.  M.  is  a  member  of  the  Frec-Will  Baptist 
Church.  Mr.  M.  is  engaged  in  farming  and  stock-raising.  P.  O., 
Fiatt. 

Matthew  Mitchell,  former;  P.  O.,  Fiatt;  is  a  son  of  Ebenezer 
Mitchell,  and  was  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  O.,  Aug.  28,  1832;  came 
to  this  county  with  his  parents  in  the  year  1850.  Mr.  M.  enjoyed 
no  other  educational  advantages  than  those  which  are  afforded  in  the 
common  schools;  served  in  the  Rebellion  in  Co.  A,  55th  111.  Inf, 
for  four  years;  was  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Vicksburg  and  Atlan- 
ta; was  married  in  1871  to  wi(h)W  Kaler,  by  whom  he  has  3  chil- 
dren,— John  W.,  Minnie  J.  and  Mary  M.  Mrs.  M.  had  2  children 
by  her  first  husband,  Joseph  S.  (deceased),  and  James  H.  Both 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  are  members  of  the  Free-Will  Baptist  Church. 

Matthew  H.  Mitchell,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  is  the  son  of  Mat- 
thew and  Mary  (Freeman)  Mitchell,  and  was  born  in  Montgomery 
Co.,  111.,  March  17,  1830.  His  parents  came  to  the  State  in  1828, 
and  to  this  county  in  1835.  Both  parents  are  deceased.  Mr.  M. 
has  certainly  seen  the  rough  side  of  pioneer  life.  The  first  cabin 
his  father  built  in  this  county  was  12  feet  srpiare.  They  slept  on  a 
rail-pen  bedstead  ;  cooked  and  ate  out  of  doors;  their  nearest  neigh- 
bor was  10  miles  away,  and  indeed  they  suffered  all  the  privations 
of  a  new  countrv.  He  was  married  to  Calj^hurnia  Wheeler  Feb. 
11,  1852.  She  is  a  native  of  Jefferson  Co.,  N.  Y.  They  have  had 
10  children — 6  boys  and  4  girls.     Both  he  and  his  wife  are  con- 

37 


GIO  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

nectcd  with  the  Christian  (New-Light)  Church.  Mr.  M.  lives  on 
see.  3;  P.  O.,  Ellisville.  Politically  he  is  a  Greenbacker,  and  is  the 
candidate  for  County  Treasurer  upon  that  ticket. 

James  Norris,  farmer  and  miller,  sec.  13;  P.  ().,  Babylon.  Mr. 
N.  is  the  son  of  Benjamin  and  Lutetia  (Griffith)  Norris,  and  was 
born  in  Franklin  Co.,  O.,  Dec.  23,  1833.  He  came  to  this  county 
in  1854,  and  in  January,  1857,  married  Mary  E.  Gardner.  This 
union  has  resulted  in  the  l)irth  of  8  children, — 5  boys  and  3  girls, — 
all  of  whom  are  living  Avith  their  parents.  Mr.  N.  served  a  short 
time  in  the  Rebellion  and  has  held  local  offices. 

A.  W.  Po?nf/w/,  Justice  of  .the  Peace;  P.  O.,  Fiatt.  Mr.  P.  is  a 
son  of  Asa  and  Theodosia  (Henry)  Pomeroy,  and  was  born  Nov. 
24,  1821,  in  Massachusetts.  His  father  was  a  native  of  Massachu- 
setts, and  died  in  1829;  his  mother  was  born  in  Utica,  N.  Y.,  and 
is  still  living  there  at  the  age  of  95  years.  When  10  years  old  his 
mother  took  him  to  Utica,  where  he  received  his  education  ;  remov- 
ed to  Albany,  N.  Y.,  in  1846,  and  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1854; 
married  Elizabeth  A.  Saulpaugh  June  20,  1848,  by  whom  he  had  9 
children,  5  of  whom  are  living, — Rufus  H.,  Charlotte  L.,  wife  of 
Millard  Johnson,  Kate  L.,  Jennie  S.,  and  Chas.  A.  Kate  began 
teaching  at  the  age  of  17,  and  has  taught  3  years  with  good  success. 
Mr.  and  Mrs,  P.  are  members  of  the  F.  W.  Baptist  Church.  They 
lost  their  house  and  furniture  in  the  great  Albany  fire  of  1848. 
Mr.  P.  passed  through  the  fire  uninjured  by  wrapping  blankets 
around  him.  Went  to  California  in  1850,  and  returned  in  1852.  Mr. 
P.  has  filled  about  all  of  the  township  offices. 

./.  W.  Schrodf  is  a  native  of  Germany,  where  he  was  born  Feb.  3, 
1820.  He  came  with  his  parents  to  this  county,  stopping  in  Mary- 
land, in  1831 ;  came  to  Ohio  in  1837  and  to  this  Co.  in  1847.  Both 
his  parents  are  deceased.  He  was  formerly  engaged  at  shoe-making, 
but  now  turns  his  attention  to  farming  and  stock-raising  upon  sec.  7. 
Durino;  the  vear  1847  he  was  married  to  Marv  K.  Mahr,  who  bore 
him  10  children, — 7  boys  and  3  girls, — 9'  of  whom  are  living. 
Both  he  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  Lutheran  Church.  Post- 
office  address,  Ellisville. 

Andrew  J.  Sheplei/  was  born  Jan.  19,  1833,  in  Groton,  Mass. 
His  father,  Oliver  Shepley,  brought  him  to  McLean  Co.,  111.,  thence 
to  Fulton  Co.  in  1840.  He  was  a  Jacksonian  Democrat.  Served 
in  the  Legislature  in  '41,  and  died  in  Canton  in  '64.  His  mother, 
Lydia  (Lawrence)  Shepley,  died  in  this  county  in  '78.  Mr.  S.  was 
educated  in  Canton.  He  was  married  to  Jane  A\'.  Yanarsdale  Mar. 
9,  1864,  by  whom  he  has  three  children, — Alice  A.,  Adelle  and 
Andrew  C.     Mr.  S.  follows  agricultural  pursuits.     P.O.,  Fairview, 

John  Srhnur,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  P.  O.,  Fairview;  was  born 
in  Germany  May  16,  1848,  and  is  the  son  of  John  W.  Schnur,  who 
brought  his  family  from  Germany  to  Hlinois  in  1854.  Mr.  S.  came 
to  Fulton  county  in  '68.  He  received  his  education  in  the  common 
schools  of  Illiuoi.'5.     He  was  united  in  marriage  Sept.  16,  '71,  with 


HISTORY   OF   FTJXTON   COUNTY,  611 

Eva  Eheresraan.  Their  children  are  Nina  E.  and  William  A.  Mr. 
and  Mrs.  Schnur  are  members  of  the  Lutheran  Church.  His  life 
has  not  been  very  eventful,  yet  in  '69  he  came  near  meeting  with 
terrible  death  during  a  railroad  accident,  by  a  broken  rail  which  was 
lying  on  the  track  between  his  body  and  the  car  wheel. 

George  Sn-inger,  son  of  George  and  Barbara  (Dreher)  Swinger, 
was  born  in  Germany  Dec.  22,  1836.  He  came  with  his  parents  to 
the  U.  S  in  1853,  and  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1861.  He  has  filled  several 
responsible  local  official  positions,  but  does  not  seek  popularity.  Oti 
Dec.  24,  1867,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Cynthia  Kunk,  who 
has  borne  him  6  children, — 2  boys  and  4  girls, — all  of  whom  are 
living.  Mr.  S.  is  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  on  sec.  16.  P. 
O.,  Ellisville. 

Philip  Tliarp,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  P.  O.,  Fairview ;  is  a  son 
of  David  and  Eleanor  (Tracy)  Tharp,  and  was  born  in  Perry  Co., 
O.,  Sept.  8,  1822 ;  removed  with  his  parents  to  Licking  Co.,  O.,  in 
'31,  thence  to  Knox  Co.,  O.,  in  '44,  next  to  Logan  Co.,  ().,  in  '47, 
and  to  Fulton  Co.,  TIL,  the  same  year;  lived  temporarily  in  Prairie 
City  6  years  to  educate  his  children  ;  received  most  of  his  education 
at  home  after  marriage;  was  married  in  Licking  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  15, 
'42,  to  Hannah  Bevard,  by  whom  he  had  six  children,  four  of  whom, 
John  X.,  Enos,  Laura  O.  and  Eliza  arc  living.  Both  are  members 
of  the  Free-Will  J^aptist  Church.  ISIrs.  Tharp  has  been  in  ill 
health  for  several  years,  for  the  improvement  of  which  they  have 
been  traveling  in  Oregon,  California,  Washington  Ter.,  and  nearly 
all  the  Northern  and  Western  States,  and  also  in  Canada. 

Joshua  Tompkins,  son  of  J.  C  Tomjikins,  whose  biography  ap- 
pears in  this  work,  was  born  in  Fulton,  Schoharie  Co.,  N.  Y.,  May 
22,  1840.  He  came  from  New  York  to  this  county  in  1871  ;  was 
educated  in  the  public  schools  in  his  native  State.  Mr.  Tompkins 
enlisted  in  the  44th  N.  Y.  Inf.  in  Oct.,  1861,  and  served  nearly  3 
years,  when  he  was  honorably  discharged  on  account  of  disability. 
His  father  and  all  his  i)rothers  who  were  old  enough  for  duty — 3  in 
number,  making  5  in  all — were  in  the  late  civil  war.  One  brother. 
Jay,  about  17  years  old,  was  killed  very  suddenly  by  the  bursting 
of  a  bombshell  at  Petersburg.  Mr.  T.  was  married  to  TiOtiisa 
Sheldon  in  Oct.,  1868.  xV  farmer,  lives  in  Decrfield,  votes  the  Re- 
publican ticket.     P.  O.,  Ellisville,  111. 

J.  C.  Tompkins  was  born  in  Albany  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  20,  1813; 
removed  to  Schoharie  Co.  in  1836,  and  to  this  county  in  1867;  has 
been  Assessor,  School  Director  and  Pathmaster;  Avas  married  in 
Sept.,  1834,  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Mpshier.  Ten  children  were  the  re- 
sult of  this  union,  7  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  T.  served  in  Co.  K, 
2d  N.  Y.  Heavy  Artillery,  in  the  late  Rebellion ;  was  in  the  battle 
of  the  Wilderness,  and  was  present  when  Lee  surrendered.  Four 
of  his  sons,  Joshua,  Henry,  George  and  J.  also  fought  for  the  stars 
and  stripes.  Joshua  was  discharged  for  disability  ;  Henry  was  taken 
prisoner  at  the  second  battle  of  Bull  Run  and  exchanged ;  and  J., 


612  HISTORY    OF    FUT.TON    COUNTY. 

while  fighting  nobly  for  his  country  by  his  father's  side,  was  in- 
stantly killed  by  an  exploding  shell.  Mr.  T.'s  family  Bible  was 
owned  by  his  grandfather,  Tompkins,  and  is  over  100  years  old. 
He  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser.     P.  ().,  P^llisville. 

Thomas  (t.  Turner,  farmer ;  P.  O.,  EUisville ;  is  a  son  of  Horace 
and  Ann  Jane(Higgins)  Turner;  was  born  in  Rensellaer  Co.,  X.  Y., 
Oct.  7,  1831;  came  to  this  county  with  his  parents  in  1838;  has 
held  the  offices  of  Road  Commissioner,  School  Director  and  School 
Trustee.  The  old  log  house  is  still  on  the  old  home  place  near 
Canton  in  which  his  father  and  family  lived  in  1838;  was  married 
Feb.  18,  1854,  to  Harriet  McKinzie,  by  whom  he  has  9  children, — 
Ida,  M'ho  is  teaching  in  Iowa,  Geo.  E.,  Lillie  (teaching  in  Fulton 
Co.),  Anna,  Richard,  Josephine,  Leonidas  and  Lenore ;  the  last  two 
being  twins.  His  father  at  one  time  was  Representative  for  Fulton 
Co.     His  mother  is  living  in  Joshua  toAvnship. 

Samuel  R.  Twining,  farmer  and  stock-raiser ;  P.  O.,  Fiatt ;  son  of 
Hiram  and  Lovey  (Peas)  Twining,  was  born  Jan.  30,  1831,  in 
Licking  Co.,  O. ;  removed  to  Burlington,  Iowa,  thence  back  to  Lan- 
caster, O.,  thence  to  Zanesville,  thence  to  New  Philadelphia,  O., 
and  in  1870  to  Fulton  Co.,  111. ;  had  no  other  educational  advan- 
tages than  those  furnished  by  the  common  schools  of  Ohio.  Was 
called  out  with  the  militia  durinii:  Morgan's  raid  in  Ohio ;  was 
married  Sept.  13,  18o-"J,  to  Sarah  E.  Overstreet,  by  whom  he  has 
two  boys, — Clarence  W.  and  Edwin  H.  ^L'.  and  Mrs.  T.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  M.  E.  Church.  He  has  traveled  through  the  West 
and  South,  and  at  one  time  was  on  a  steamer  that  sank  25  miles 
below  St.  Louis,  and  remained  on  the  ]>art  that  was  above  water 
(for  the  water  was  shallow)  until  the  next  day. 

John  W.  Ilsinfjer  was  born  in  Fulton  county  Dec.  26,  1852. 
His  father,  Daniel  Utsinger,  was  born  in  Germany  and  settled  in 
Fulton  county  at  an  early  day.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a 
farmer  and  stock-raiser ;  also  does  his  own  blacksmithing ;  has  been 
Constable,  and  is  the  present  Collector;  has  never  been  out  of  Illi- 
nois. In  1875  he  came  near  losing  his  life  in  a  well  containing 
what  is  commonly  known  as  damps,  while  rescuing  some  men  who 
had  made  the  attemjit  to  rescue  a  boy  who  went  down  after  his  hat 
which  had  fallen  in.  One  man,  Joseph  Crowl,  died  in  the  well.  Is 
one  of  the  building  committee  of  the  Wilev  church,  erected  this 
year  (1879).     P.  O.,  EUisville. 

Xdfhaniel  C.  Vaiu/hn  was  born  Jan.  2,  1822,  in  Madison  county, 
O.  His  parents  removed  with  him  to  Knox  county,  Pa.,  in  '28, 
where  in  '29  all  that  was  near  and  dear  to  him,  his  parents  and  all 
his  brothers  and  sisters,  were  brutally  murdered  by  the  treacherous 
Seliqua  Indians;  while  he,  with  some  other  children  were  taken 
from  the  fort  and  carried  into  captivity.  After  seven  years  of  In- 
dian life,  where  he  was  well  educated  in  archery,  he  was  rescued  by  a 
Mr.  Welch,  a  trapper,  who  got  permission  to  keep  the  boy  one  moon, 
and  again   two  moons  at  another  time,  iintjl  he  finally  stole  him 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  613 

away,  riding  in  the  night  for  three  niglits  in  succession,  and  lying 
concealed  in  day-time.  He  stayed  with  Mr.  Granwood  that  winter 
and  removed  to  Ohio  with  Silas  Underwood  in  '42,  and  in  '50  went 
to  Indiana,  thence  to  Kansas  in  '58,  from  there  to  Fort  Kearney, 
Neb.,  and  returned  to  Kansas  in  '59.  He  enlisted,  June  3,  1861, 
in  Co.  F,  1st  Kansas  Inf ,  and  served  3  years  in  the  Rebellion  ;  was 
in  the  battles  of  Wilson  ('reek,  Mulligan's  Defeat,  Stone  River  and 
Shiloli ;  was  married  in  April,  '66,  to  Barbara  Wilson,  by  whom  he 
has  two  little  boys.  He  is  now  farming  on  the  farm  of  J.  C.  Tomp- 
kins. Although  he  is  a  strong  Republican  he  is  a  member  of  the 
M.  E.  Church,  South.  As  a  result  of  his  early  Indian  training,  he 
is  the  best  marksman  in  Deerfield  township,  and  we  doubt  if  there 
be  another  as  good  in  Fulton  county.     P.  O.,  EUisville. 

John  T.  Vitfum,  son  of  D.  W.  Vittum,  jr.,  and  Ellen  (Tarlton) 
Vittum,  of  Canton,  was  born  near  Canton  Oct.,  6,  '54 ;  was  edu- 
cated in  Canton.  He  is  the  present  (1879)  Supervisor  for  Deerfield 
township ;  was  married  May  30,  '77,  to  Murcey  Craig,  of  Joshua 
township.  Mr.  Vittum's  great-grandmother  lives  in  Mass.,  and  is 
99  years  old.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a  farmer,  and  deals 
largely  in  stock.  Politically  he  is  a  Democrat.  Like  most  young 
married  boys,  he  goes  quite  often  to  see  father  and  mother,  and  con- 
sequently passes  Fiatt  and  Cuba  and  gets  his  mail  in  Canton. 

Joshua  Weaver  is  a  son  of  the  late  AVilliam  Weaver,  of  Fulton 
county,  and  was  born  Dec.  31,  1820,  in  Greene  county.  Pa. ;  came  to 
this  county  with  his  parents  in  April,  1835.  His  father  on  arriving 
here  purciiased  the  land  entered  by  Robert  Reeves,  who  was  the 
first  settler  in  Deerfield  township,  on  the  tract  of  land  known  as 
Reeves'  Prairie.  Mr.  W.  has  been  Pathmaster,  Assessor  and  Super- 
visor; also  School  Director  20  years;  was  married  April  14,  '42,  to 
Mary  A.  Dykeman,  by  whom  he  had  3  children.  He  was  again 
married  Oct.  21,  '51,  this  time  to  Eliza  A.  Martin,  by  whom  he  has 
4  children,  3  of  whom  are  married  and  living  in  this  county,  viz: 
Mary  E.,  Harmon  and  James  A.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  ai'e  mem- 
bers of  the  Cumberland  Presbyterian  Church,  in  which  Mr.  W.  has 
been  Elder  23  years,  and  has  been  sent  twice  to  the  General  Assem- 
bly:  first  to  Memphis,  Tenn.,  in  1857,  next  to  Huntsville,  Ala.,  in 
'73;  has  l)cen  crippled  with  rheumatism  for  20  years  and  has  travel- 
ed in  15  States  for  the  benefit  of  his  health.  His  father  was  born 
in  Lancaster,  Pa.,  and  died  in  this  county,  April  11,  '79,  at  the  age 
of  88  years.  The  father  of  Mrs.  Weaver,  John  H.  Martin,  was 
Clerk  and  Judge  of  the  first  election  for  county  officers  in  Fulton 
county,  and  the  pen  with  which  he  wrote  was  made  from  a  (|uill 
which  Mrs.  Totten  took  from  a  goose  on  the  morning  of  tiie  elec^- 
tion,  and  the  poll-book  was  a  fly-leaf  frdni  Mrs.  Totten's  Bible. 
Mr.  W.  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser.     P.  O.,  EUisville. 

Mxrvin  IV.ieeler.     The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Warren 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.   15,  1813;  moved  with  his  parents  to  Jefferson 


614  HISTORY   OF   FULTOX   COUNTY. 

county,  N.  Y.,  in  1824,  where  he  spent  the  most  of  his  early  life, 
and  where  he  married  Polly  A.  Hoselton,  Feb.  10,  '33,  who  is  also 
a  native  of  N.  Y.  Eight  children  are  the  result  of  this  union,  5  of 
whom  are  living, — CaJphurnia,  Sally,  Myron,  Reuben  A.  and  Em- 
eline.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  \V.  are  working  members  of  the  Christian 
(New-Light)  Church ;  is  a  carpenter  and  joiner  by  trade,  but  is 
farming  at  present.  Has  worked  at  ship-building.  Mr.  W.  had 
nothing  to  commence  with,  but  went  to  work  with  a  will,  and  when 
he  arrived  at  Canton,  111.,  in  1850,  had  but  85  dollars;  now  he  owns 
a  large  farm.  Is  mail  contractor  from  Fiatt  to  Cuba.  P.  O.,  Fiatt. 
Nathaniel  White,  farmer,  sec.  4 ;  P.  O.,  Ellisville ;  was  born  in 
Licking  Co.,  O.,  March  1,  1833.  He  came  to  this  county  with  his 
parents,  Willis  and  Elizabeth  (Berry)  White,  when  five  years  of  age. 
In  1850,  during  the  great  gold  excitement,  he  went  overland  to 
California.  He  mined  for  three  months  and  for  some  time  was  en- 
gaged in  the  provision  business.  He  returned  by  ship  to  New 
York,  thence  home.  Mr.  W.  was  united  in  marriage  with  ^liss 
Sarah  Prichard,  daughter  of  an  early  pioneer,  and  a  native  of  Ful- 
ton Co.,  May  16,  1858.  The  union  has  been  blessed  with  6  chil- 
dren,— 3  girls  and  3  boys.  While  in  Cal.  he  in  a  company  of  about 
500  started  across  San  Francisco  Bay  for  the  Gold  Bluffs,  but  when 
far  out  in  the  Bay  the  vessel  sprang  a  leak,  and  their  lives  were 
saved  onlv  bv  casting  all  their  mules  and  other  carg-o  overboard, 
and  by  all  hands  bailing  out  water  with  their  gold  buckets. 

SUPERVISORS. 

J.M.Martin 1850  Conrad  Marklev 1871 

J.  J.  Webber 1851-52  Jacob  Kreider.! 1873 

Martin  Judy 1853  M.  H.  Mitchell 1874 

Joseph  Sparks 1854  Joshua  Weaver 1875-76 

U.  W.  Dickson 1855-62  Conrad  Marklev 1877 

Conrad  Marklev 1863-65  Joshua  Weaver 1878 

U.  W.  Dickson.' 1867-70  John  T.  Vittum 1879 

TOWN   CLERKS. 

Samuel  Glass 1859-73  L.  B.  Ault 1878 

L.  B.  Ault 1874-76  John  T.  Rockhold 1879 

John  T.  Rockhold 1877 

ASSESSORS. 

U.  W.  Dickson 1859-60  Owen  Gagon 1871 

Conrad  Marklev 1861-62  J.  C.Tompkins 1873 

John  Rose ." 1867  Conrad  Marklev 1874-76 

Conra<l  Marklev 1868  John  M.  Mahr 1877 

A.  C.  Marklev.'. 1869  Conrad  Marklev 1878 

Conrad  Marklev 1870  Levi  Brown  ..." 1879 

COLLECTORS. 

M.  H.  Mitchell 1859-61  Samuel  Glass 1870-71 

L.  B.  Ault 1862-65  J.  P.Walters 1873-74 

Willard  Smith 1866  John  M.  Mahr 1875-76 

Dennis   Bu.sh 1867  C.  L.  Mahr 1877-78 

Wm.   Mvers 1868-69  John  W.  Utsinger 1879 


ELLISVILLE  TOWNSHIP. 

The  life  of  Levi  D.  Ellis,  the  founder  of  the  village  of  Ellisville, 
is  so  completely  interwoven  with  the  history  of  this  township  that 
we  deem  a  short  personal  sketch  of  him  important  in  this  connection. 
He  was  born  in  South  Carolina  in  the  year  1789,  and  a  half-orphan, 
his  father  having  died  before  his  birth.  At  the  age  of  thirteen  he 
went  to  Tennessee,  leaving  his  friends  behind,  who  however  joined 
him  two  years  thereafter.  From  there  he  moved  to  Illinois,  stop- 
ping near  Belleville ;  from  there  to  where  Springfield  now  stands, 
which  was  at  that  time  a  wilderness.  Mr.  Ellis  here  cut  the  first 
tree  for  the  first  cabin  ever  erected  in  the  capital  city.  He  came  to 
Fulton  county  in  1838,  and  located  in  Joshua  township,  his  being 
the  second  family  in  the  township.  Here  he  built  a  mill.  In  1828 
he  moved  to  this  township  and  erected  the  first  house  in  the  town- 
ship on  the  site  of  the  present  town  of  Ellisville.  In  1829  he  erected 
the  first  mill  on  Spoon  river. 

Mr.  Ellis  had  a  family  of  eight  sons  and  one  daughter.  During 
the  Winnebago  Indian  war  he  built  a  fort  near  Canton,  where  he  kept 
his  family  and  neighbors  in  garrison  for  six  weeks.  He  died  after 
a  useful  career  in  March,  1855. 

The  village  of  Ellisville  was  founded  in  1830.  It  was  at  one  time 
a  great  center  for  business.  The  people  for  forty  miles  around 
came  here  to  have  their  grain  ground  and  do  their  trading.  But  this 
prosperity  was  banished  on  the  construction  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  Rail- 
road. 

The  remains  of  an  Indian  village,  just  across  Spoon  river  from 
Ellisville  and  upon  section  32,  was  to  be  seen  for  several  years  after 
the  first  settlers  came  in. 

There  have  been  two  Churches  organized  in  the  township, — the 
Methodist  Episcopal  and  United  Presbyterian.  The  dates  of  or- 
ganization are  not  positively  known,  as  the  records  could  not  be 
obtained,  and  both  organizations  are  almost  extinct.  There  is  a 
union  Sunday-school,  and  services  every  Sunday;  but  neither  con- 
gregation employs  a  minister.  The  church  edifice  was  erected  in  1850, 
by  the  United  Presbyterians,  and  was  subsequently  sold  to  the  Metho- 
dists by  James  Shear,  who  ,had  a  mechanic's  lien  upon  it.  The 
Pleasant  Hill  United  Brethren  Church,  more  commonly  known  as 
the  Vinegar  Hill  Church,  was  organized  in  Feb.,  1875,  by  T.  T. 
Parvin,  with  14  members.  Services  are  held  here  every  two  weeks 
in  "Vinegar  Hill  School-house."  The  present  membership  number 
40.  I 


Gl()  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

The  Ellisville  mill,  which  was  known  far  and  wide,  was  re-built 
in  1869  by  Sheckler  Bros.  &  Co.,  who  have  also  added  a  saw-mill  to 
it.  The  capacity  of  the  mill  at  present  is  75  l)arrel.s  in  24  hours. 
The  first  school-house  in  the  township  was  built  in  1S40,  and 
Chas.  O.  Nickerson  was  the  first  teacher.  There  are  are  now  three 
school  buildings  in  the  township. 

Tlie  Ellisville  iron  bridge,  erected  by  the  King  Bridge  Company, 
of  C^leveland,  O.,  over  Spoon  river  in  1876,  consists  of  one  span  240 
feet  long.  It  is  the  longest  single-span  wagon-bridge  in  the  State, 
and  is  said  to  be  the  best. 

BIOGRAPHICAL   SKETCHES. 

Brief  personal  sketches  of  the  leading  citizens  of  the  township  are 
an  interesting  portion  of  its  history. 

J.  31.  Bell,  son  of  Geo.  and  Mary  (Stewart)  Bell,  of  Virginia, 
was  born  Jan.  14,  1828,  in  Morgan  Co.,  Ohio.  He  is  a  prominent 
teacher  in  this  county,  and  was  educated  at  Sharon,  O.  He  entered 
upon  his  chosen  profession  in  1850,  which  he  has  successfully  fol- 
lowed until  the  present,  resting  but  one  year  in  the  entire  29  years; 
removed  to  Iowa  in  1853,  where  he  engaged  in  teaching,  and  where 
in  1854  he  very  successfully  taught  one  of  his  pupils  the  science  of 
matrimony,  in  the  person  of  Nancy  A.  Ham.  They  returned  to 
Ohio  in  1857,  and  in  1859  he  taught  the  school  in  which  he  receiv- 
ed his  education;  returned  to  Iowa  in  1860,  and  in  1863  removed 
to  this  county.  Has  been  farming  in  the  summer  season  for  the  past 
4  years.  They  have  had  7  children.  Angus  F.  was  killed  by  light- 
ning on  the  evening  of  Oct.  8,  1878,  then  19  years  old.  George 
M.,  the  eldest  son,  received  part  of  his  education  in  Lewistown,  111., 
and  has  been  teaching  very  successfully  for  2  years.  He  is  also 
Fourth  Sergeant  in  Co.  K,  4th  regiment  111.  National  Guards.  An- 
other son,  Pressley,  is  also  a  member  of  the  same. 

Simon  B.  Beer,  physician  and  surgeon,  Ellisville,  is  a  son  of  the 
late  AVilliam  Beer,  of  Joshua  township,  and  was  born  in  that  town- 
ship Sept.  29,  1837.  His  mother,  Rachel  Beer,  nee  Burns,  is  a  na- 
tive of  New  York,  and  is  84  years  old.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  educated  at  Prairie  City  Academy  and  Abingdon  Collcije,  and 
is  a  graduate  of  the  Eclectic  Medical  College,  of  Cincinnati,  O.  He 
served  as  First  Lieutenant  in  CV).  B,  103d  111.  Inf.,  in  the  Rebellion  ; 
resigned  his  commission  in  1864;  was  drafted  the  same  year; 
he  em])loyed  a  substitute  at  a  cost  of  ^800,  and  the  officers  accepted 
the  sui)stitute  but  also  kept  Mr.  B.,  and  he  and  substitute  were  com- 
pelled to  serve  until  1865.  He  entered  the  teachers'  field  at  the  age 
of  18  years,  and  remained  in  that  profession  12  years.  In  1867, 
after  receiving  his  medical  education,  began  the  practice  of  medicine, 
in  which  profession  he  is  still  engaged.  As  a  ])hysician  he  has  been 
very  successful,  and  is  noted  for  his  reasonable  charges  during  these 
hard  times ;  was  Supervisor  of  Young  Hickory  township  3  years. 
He  was  married    August   21,   1871,   to   Ellen   Smith  of   Fairview 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  '  017 

township,  bv  whom  he  has  a  little  girl, — Lulu  Maud.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Hampden  Purple  Ribbon  Movement  and  also  a  temper- 
ance lecturer. 

Joshua  Culver,  fiirmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  7;  P.  O.,  St.  Augus- 
tine; was  born  in  Essex  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Sept.  11,  1824,  and  is  the  son 
of  John  and  Nancy  (Mills)  Culver;  the  former  is  a  descendant  of 

one  of  the   Pilgrim  Fathers.      His   grandfather,    ,    was    so 

much  oppressed  by  the  British  that  he  escaped  by  swimming  5 
miles  and  stealing:  his  wav  on  an  American  vessel,  and  was  thus 
landed  on  the  shores  of  freedom.  Our  subject  was  married  Oct.  8, 
1859,  to  Emily  Fisher,  daughter  of  Thomas  Fisher,  who  served  in 
the  Black  Hawk  war.  Mrs.  Culver's  grandmother,  Peterson,  made 
bullets  all  night  one  time  at  the  beginning  of  the  war  in  1832.  Mr. 
C.  served  in  the  Rebellion  in  Co.  H,  32d  111.  Inf  He  enlisted  Oct. 
15,  1864,  discharged  Sept.  16,  1865.  Grandmother  Fisher  lives 
with  her  daughter.  Thev  have  but  one  child,  John  T.,  born  Aug. 
24,  1867. 

FoKfer  A.  Fisk  is  a  son  of  Levi  and  Mary  A.  (Bacon)  Fisk  and  was 
born  in  Martinsburg,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  4,  1821,  and  received  a  common- 
school  education  in  that  State ;  moved  to  Constantia,  N.  Y.,  in  '36 ; 
and  in  '44  came  to  Fulton  county.  Mr.  F.  was  united  in  marriage 
July  3,  '46,  with  Harriet  El.  Bliss,  who  bore  him  9  children,  8  boys 
and  1  girl.  Emma  is  married  to  John  Mott,  and  living  near  Fort 
Scott,  Kan.  Delbert  C.  is  also  married,  and  is  a  druggist  in  Leroy, 
111.  Mr.  F.  served  in  the  late  Rebellion,  in  the  Carpenters'  Corps; 
was  Road  Commissioner  8  years;  also  served  as  School  Director, 
and  School  Trustee  about  the  same  length  of  time.  He,  in  company 
with  some  neighbors,  opened  a  mound  near  Ellisville  a  few  years 
ago  in  which  they  found  two  stone  hatchets  and  a  copper  camp- 
kettle.  He  carries  on  farming,  but  works  at  the  chair  and  cabinet 
business  himself  at  Ellisville. 

Jolni  Fonts,  farmer  and  wagon-maker,  Ellisville,  was  born  in 
Huntingdon  county.  Pa.,  Feb.  18,  1826,  and  is  the  son  of  Michael 
and  Elizabeth  (Kuhn)  Fonts ;  the  former  is  living  in  Iowa,  and  the 
latter  is  dead.  He  is  twin  brother  to  the  father  of  Frank  F.  Fonts, 
of  Deerfield,  whose  biogra])hy  api)ears  in  this  work.  His  uncle 
William  Andyke,  in  about  the  year  1823  walked  from  IMiiladelpiiia, 
Pa.,  to  Pittsburg,  where  he  procured  a  canoe  and  rowed  down  the 
Ohio  river  to  its  mouth,  thence  up  the  Mississippi  river  to  St.  Louis, 
which  was  then  just  a  French  trading  post.  From  St.  I^ouis  he 
rowed  on  and  entered  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois  river,  and  up  this 
stream  to  its  head,  and  there  abandoned  his  can<je  and  walked  across 
to  Chicago,  which  was,  as  St.  Louis,  a  French  trading  post.  From 
Chicago  he  traveled  on  foot  across  the  wilderness  to  Philadelphia, 
He  stopped  and  explored  caves  on  the  journey,  and  also  drew  a  maj) 
of  the  country,  and  some  very  fine  landscape  views  (for  he  was  an 
artist).  He  was  a  native  of  Germany.  Mr.  F.  came  to  this  county 
in  '51,  by  river,  crossing  the  Alleghany  mountains  in  a  boat,  pulled 


618  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

bv  mountain  R.  R.  engines.  Has  been  School  Director,  Collector 
and  Constable;  married  Sarah  McCracken,  Dec.  11,  '56,  by  whom 
he  had  12  children,  9  of  whom  are  living  and  all  at  home;  Ijoth  are 
members  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Francis  B.  Frcy. — The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Union 
county,  Pa.,  July  30,  1840,  and  is  the  son  of  Charles  and  Sarah 
(Ritter)  Frey,  of  that  State.  He  moved  to  Nebraska  in  '66,  where 
he  resided  3  years,  and  in  '69  came  to  Illinois,  and  '70  removed  to 
Kansas  and  remained  there  6  years  when  he  returned  to  this  county 
and  resides  in  Ellisville.  He  enlisted  Sept.  7,  '61,  in  Co.  E,  51st 
Pa.  Inf ,  and  re-enlisted  Jan.  1,  '64,  and  remained  until  the  close  of 
the  war.  He  was  married  Jan.  9,  '72,  in  Marysville,  Kan.,  to  Adda 
M.  Stout.  He  has  no  children,  but  Mrs.  F.  has  one  little  girl  by 
her  first  husband.  He  is  a  Lutheran  and  she  is  Catholic.  Mr.  F. 
was  a  miller  for  Sheckler  Brothers  &  Co.  in  '69,  and  was  employed 
by  them  on  his  return  from  Kansas,  which  situation  he  still  holds. 

AJpheus  \V.  (roodridge. — He  of  whom  we  now  speak  was  born 
Feb.  2,  1832,  in  Windsor  county,  Vt.,  and  is  the  son  of  Jason  and 
Caroline  (Willard)  Goodridge,  who  removed  with  their  son  to  York 
State  in  '36,  and  in  '55  came  to  Fulton  county  and  settled  in  Ellis- 
ville tp.,  where  they  still  live.  His  father  was  born  in  Westmin- 
ster, X.  Y.,  June  26,  1801 ;  practiced  medicine  30  years  in  Ver- 
mont. The  powder-horn  and  gun  that  his  great-grandfather  took 
from  a  dead  British  soldier  at  the  battle  of  Bennington,  are  still  in 
the  Goodridge  family.  Mr.  G.  has  been  Road  Commissioner  12 
years.  Town  Clerk  and  is  Secretary  of  the  I.  O.  O.  F.  of  Ellisville. 
He  was  married  Dec.  31,  '56,  to  Sophia  Torrey,  by  whom  he  had  4 
children.  He  was  left  a  widower,  and  he  was  again  married,  March 
9,  '71,  to  Margaret  Freer,  daughter  of  Abraham  Freer,  who  is  liv- 
ing with  his  son-in-law,  at  the  age  of  77  years.  Mr.  G.  has  3  chil- 
dren bv  his  second  wife.  He  was  formerlv  a  distiller,  but  is  now 
engaged  in  farming.  Is  a  member  of  the  Ellisville  Cornet  Baud. 
P.  O.,  Ellisville. 

William  E.  Haines,  physician  and  surgeon,  Ellisville.  Dr.  H.  is 
a  son  of  \\  m.  E.  and  Ellen  M.  (Cheyney)  Haines,  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  was  born  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  July  2,  1839;  received  most  of 
his  education  in  the  New  London  Academy,  and  graduated  in  the 
medical  department  of  the  University  of  Pa.  in  '67;  came  to  Illinois 
on  a  visit  in  '61,  and  while  here,  enlisted  in  Co.  G,  11th  111.  Cavalr>', 
and  served  during  the  rebellion  ;  was  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Vicks- 
burg  and  other  important  engagements;  was  taken  prisoner  at  Cor- 
inth, and  was  released  in  six  weeks;  went  with  Sherman  on  his 
famous  march  to  the  sea.  The  Doctor  was  married  March  19,  1867, 
to  Mary  Anna  Starr,  in  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  by  whom  he  has  two  girls, 
— Mary  E.  and  Jennie  S.  Mrs.  H.  is  a  member  of  the  Quaker 
(Friends)  Church.  The  Dr.  first  practiced  his  profession  six  months 
in  the  Philadelphia  Hospital,  at  the  end  of  which  time  he  came  to 
Ellisville,  and  began  practice  here,  and  has  merited  and  received  a 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  619 

large  practice,  the  records  of  which  will  compare  favorably  with  any 
physician  in  the  country. 

Madison  Head,  son  of  John  and  Rhoda  (Baker)  Head,  natives  of 
New  York,  was  born  in  Tompkins  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  13,  1829.  He 
was  educated  in  the  Mecklenburg  high  school ;  removed  to  Steuben 
county,  N.  Y.,  in  '53,  and  to  Fulton  county  in  '65 ;  removed  to 
Avon  in  '60,  where  he  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  until  '77,  when 
he  returned  to  his  farm  in  Ellisville  township,  sec.  6.  His  career 
in  the  legal  profession  has  been  one  of  continued  success  for  20  years, 
but  weak  lungs  drove  him  to  abandon  his  chosen  profession,  although 
he  still  attends  to  a  few  cases  for  old  friends.  His  grandfather 
Head  was  a  native  of  Conn.  He  was  married  Jan.  15,  '51,  to  Sarah 
Soule,  who  died  in  August,  '64.  He  married  again  Aug.  21,  '65,  to 
Mary  E.  Wright,  daughter  of  Daniel  N.  Wright.  They  had  a  girl 
and  boy ;  Myra,  born  Dec.  7,'  73,  and  an  infant.     P.  O.,  Avon. 

David  Hogseft  was  born  Dec.  8,  1823,  in  Rockingham  Co.,  Va., 
and  is  the  son  of  James  and  Elizabeth  (Munse)  Hogsett,  who  were 
both  natives  of  Virginia.  His  parents  removed  with  him  to  High- 
land Co.,  Ohio,  in  1829,  and  to  Fulton  county  in  1837.  He  re- 
ceived his  education  at  home,  never  having  attended  a  public  or  select 
school.  He  was  a  soldier  in  the  Mormon  war  and  saw  Smith  about 
three  hours  before  his  death  ;  went  overland  to  California  in  1850,  and 
returned  in  '55,  and  in  '56  married  Miss  M.  Hosselkuf :  Wm.  N., 
born  Oct.  9,  '58,  is  their  only  child.  He  is  a  graduate  of  the  Gem 
City  Business  College,  of  Quincy,  111.  Mr.  H.  again  crossed  the 
plains  to  California  in  '63  and  engaged  in  mining,  and  collected 
several  thousands  of  dollars  together  and  returned  in  '68,  settling 
in  the  quiet  village  of  Ellisville.  He  did  not  cross  the  plains  with- 
out privations  and  snifering  ;  at  one  time  he  traveled  on  an  allow- 
ance of  3  biscuits  a  day,  and  a  stranger  came  along  in  a  suffering 
condition  and  Mr.  H.  divided  his  only , biscuit  with  him.  Mr.  H. 
owns  a  farm  near  Ellisville. 

George  Lemon,  farmer,  sec.  19;  P.O.,  Ellisville;  was  born  in 
Alleghany  Co.,  Pa.,  March  14,  1840,  and  is  the  son  of  David  and 
Elizabeth  (Ramaley)  Lemon  ;  the  former  was  also  a  native  of  Pa. 
Received  a  common-school  education  in  the  Keystone  State,  and 
enlisted  Aug.  11,  '62,  in  Co.  F,  139th  Pa.  Inf.,  served  during 
the  Rebellion,  and  was  discharged  June  21,1865.  On  the  13th  of 
June,  1867,  he  took  unto  himself  a  wife  in  the  person  of  Margaret 
Speer,  daughter  of  Thomas  Speer,  who  came  to  this  county  in  '56, 
and  still  lives  in  this  townsliip.  They  have  four  children,  and  their 
names  are  Perry  D.,  Mary  R.,  Nancy  E.  and  Amanda  J.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  L.  are  members  of  the  United  Brethren  Church.  Mr.  L.  lived 
in  Grasshop]>erdom  (Kansas),  from  1871  to  '74. 

James  N.  Moore,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  31 ;  P.  O.,  Ellis- 
ville. The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y., 
Jan.  10,  1817.  His  parents,  John  and  Mary  H.  (Lyon)  Moore, 
died  in  New  York.     He  was  educated  in  part  in  the  common  schools 


620  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

of  X.  Y.,  and  attended  the  first  school  in  Galesburg,  which  was 
styled  an  Academy,  with  Xehemiah  Losey,  princij)al.  He  attended 
one  session  of  court  in  the  old  log  court-house  in  Knox  county. 
Has  been  School  Director,  School  Trustee,  Road  Overseer,  Road 
Comr.,  and  Supervisor.  He  was  married  Oct,  2,  '43,  to  Catharine 
Hand,  by  whom  he  had  5  children  ;  she  died  in  '51,  and  he  married 
Lvdia  Carrier,  Sept.  22,  '53.  His  son  Henry  L.  is  married  and  liv- 
intr  in  EUisville.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  are  members  of  the  Sweden- 
borgian  Church. 

Charles  B.  Reed.  The  subject  of  this  personal  sketch  was  born 
to  James  and  Elizabeth  (Beer)  Reed  in  Wayne  Co.,  O.,  Oct.  30,  '23. 
His  parents  removed  with  their  family  to  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1826, 
and  to  Fulton  Co.  in  '39 ;  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of 
the  Keystone  State  and  of  this  county.  He  experienced  much  sick- 
ness for  3  years  after  first  settling  here.  He  was  married  May  20, 
1848,  to  Martha  Terrell,  in  Fairview.  Two  boys  and  9  girls  are 
the  result  of  this  union,  seven  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
R.  are  members  of  the  Missionary  Baptist  Church.  He  is  farming 
at  present,  but  is  a  carpenter  by  trade.     P.  O.,  EUisville. 

Charles  F.  Robison,  son  of  Marvin  and  Alniira  (Vandercar)  Rob- 
ison  of  New  York,  was  born  Jan.  1,  1843,  in  Arcadia,  X.  Y. ;  his 
father  died  in  California  in  1863,  and  his  mother  lives  in  that  State 
at  present.  Mr.  R.  when  but  three  years  old  was  brought  by  his 
parents  to  Woodstock,  (now  Avon)  Fulton  Co.  He  is  a  graduate 
of  Knox  Colleire,  and  also  arraduated  in  Brvant  &  Stratton's  Com- 
mercial  College,  in  the  unprecedented  short  period  of  8  weeks, 
which  is  the  shortest  time  on  record,  of  graduating  in  that  or  any 
other  first-class  Commercial  College ;  served  in  Co.  D,  1st  111.  Cav., 
during  the  Rebellion ;  has  taught  school  several  years,  and  was 
principal  of  the  EUisville  schools  a  short  time;  went  to  California 
in  '52.  and  returned  in  '58.  He  again  crossed  the  plains  to  the 
Golden  State  in  '63,  and  returned  in  '66  and  took  one  of  Illinois' 
fair  ones  to  the  far-off  Pacific  coast.  While  there  he  was  book- 
kee])er  and  head  salesman  fi>r  Vanwinkle  c*^  Co.,  two  years;  wa< 
merchant  and  im])orter  S  years,  and  was  Captain  of  Co,  A,  1st  Cal, 
National  (iuards  Cavalry;  also  traveled  to  Mexico,  South  America 
and  the  Sandwich  Islands,  He  returned  with  fiimily  to  111.  in  '71. 
Has  been  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature  for  4  years ;  is  an  at- 
tornev  at  law  and  Notary  Pul)lic,  and  is  present  Corporation  Attor- 
ney fi)r  EUisville.  His  wife,  Mary  L.  (Howell)  Robison  of  Union 
township,  has  borne  him  2  children,  Almira  P,  and  Marvin  T, 

Thomas  Ross,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  17;  P,  O,,  EUisville; 
was  born  in  Champaign  Co.,  O.,  Oct.  12,  1818,  and  is  the  son  of 
Mitchell  and  Mary  (Stockton)  Ross,  of  Delaware.  His  grandfather 
Ross  was  one  of  the  famous  Ross  brothers,  who  at  one  time  owned 
the  fast  horses  of  Delaware.  The  old  gentleman  contracted  his  last 
illness  while  lying  by  his  horse  to  prevent  some  enemy  from  poison- 
ing it,  which  was  practiced  very  much   in  those  days.     His  father 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  621 

was  a  teamster  '\n  the  war  of  ISI'2,  and  on  one  occasion  left  the  fort 
the  morning  previons  to  the  killing  of  all  in  garrison  by  the  enemy; 
has  been  School  Director  17  years;  was  married  March  1,  1838,  to 
Mary  C.  Carson,  by  whom  he  had  0  children.  He  was  left  a  wid- 
ower in  1852,  and  on  Feb.  23,  '53  he  was  married  to  Eliza  J.  Van- 
winkle,  who  bore  him  5  children.  Of  all  his  children  8  are  living, 
five  married,  and  one,  Stockton  J.,  is  a  suceessfnl  school-teacher. 
They  are  Predestinarian  Baptists. 

Daniel  Shccklcr,  brother  of  David  Sheckler,  of  EllisvilTe,  whose 
biography  also  appears  in  this  work,  was  born  in  Union  Co.,  Pa., 
March  27,  1825,  and  received  a  common-school  education  in  that 
country;  came  to  Ellisville  in  '54,  near  which  he  still  lives.  Has 
been  Assessor  four  terms,  and  was  Supervisor  10  years.  He  was 
married  Mar.  24,  '50,  to  Mary  Henning,  who  has  presented  him 
with  11  children,  9  of  whom  are  living.  Winlield  S.  is  in  Califor- 
nia. Mr.  and  Mrs.  S.  are  Presbyterians.  He  is  a  carpenter  and 
joiner  by  trade,  but  is  farming  at  present, 

David  Sheckler,  of  the  firm  of  Sheckler  Bros.  &  Co.,  millers, 
Ellisville,  is  a  son  of  Adam  and  Elizabeth  (Struble)  Sheckler,  and 
was  born  in  Union  Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  5,  1836 ;  was  educated  in  the 
common  schools  of  his  native  State;  moved  to  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  in 
1852,  and  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1862.  Sept.  21,  1857,  he  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Lydia  Struble  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.  The  fruits  of  this 
union  are  10  children,  8  of  whom  are  living,  and  all  at  home.  Mr. 
S.  has  been  engaged  in  the  milling  business  since  1869.  He  was 
formerly  a  carpenter. 

D.  B.  Smith,  grocer,  Ellisville.  D.  B.  Smith  is  a  son  of  Anson 
and  Mercey  INI.  Smith,  and  was  born  in  Huron  Co.,  ().,  March  7, 
1832.  Although  his  parents  bore  the  .same  name  before  they  were 
married,  thev  were  not  related.  He  came  to  this  county  with  them 
in  1837,  and  received  a  common-school  education  here.  His  father 
died  in  1865,  but  his  mother  is  still  living  with  him  at  the  age  of 
70  years.  He  was  united  in  marriage  in  October,  1857,  with  Han- 
nah Wiard,  in  Avon,  by  whom  he  had  3  children,  two  of  whom  are 
living, — Anson  and  Lincoln.  Mr.  S.,  as  the  date  infers,  has  been 
in  Illinois  over  47  years.  He  at  one  time  knew  every  man  in  Ful- 
ton county;  spent  3  years  in  Montana  prospecting  ;  owns  three  lead 
claims  there  yet. 

James  A.  H.  Speer;  post-office  address,  Ellisville.  Mr.  S.  is  a 
son  of  Thomas  and  Xancy  (Lemon)  Speer,  of  Ellisville  town- 
ship, and  was  born  in  Alleghany  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  5,  1827:  was  edu- 
cated in  the  Mercantile  College  at  Pittsburg,  Pa.,  and  came  to  this 
county  in  1856.  His  grandfather  Speer  was  of  Scotch-Irish  descent, 
and  was  born  and  raised  in  Pennsylvania.  He  served  in  the  Re- 
bellion, enlisting  in  Aug.,  1861,  in  Co.  A,  47th  111.  Inf.,  and  was 
discharged  Oct.  26,  1865;  has  filled  the  offices  of  School  Director, 
Commissioner  of  Highways,  and  was  Assessor  12  years;  was  mar- 
ried  June  12,  1871,  to  Mary  O.  Welch,  daughter  of  Joseph  Welch, 


622 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


of  Young  Hickory  township.  They  have  had  5  children,  4  of  whom 
are  livintj, — Elva,  ^loninia,  Gail  and  an  infant.  He  has  traveled 
through  the  West,  South  and  Southwest.  He  is  a  painter  by  pro- 
fession but  is  now  farming. 


TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 


The  following  is  a  full  and  complete  list  of  the  Supervisors, 
Clerks,  Assessors  and  Collectors  serving  in  this  township  since  its 
organization : 


SUPERVISORS. 


G.  S.  Curtis 1850 

Anson  Smith 1851-62 

J.  E.  McXair 1863 

G.  W.  Fox 1864-66 


Daniel  Shackler 1867-76 

James  N.  Moore 1877 

Irving  C.  Fox 1878-79 


TOWN     CLERKS. 


JohnRevnolds 1850  J. 

C.  P.  Bobrn 1851  O 

John  Revnolds 1852  T 

C.  P.  Boorn 1853-60  I. 

D.  B.  Smith 1861-62 


W.  Dodds 1863-64 

H.  Bliss 1865-66 

D.  Griffith 1867-72 

C.  Fox 1873-75 


T.  D.  Griffith 1876-79 


ASSESSORS. 


S.  H.  Sivlev 1850-51 

T.  F.  Jarrel 1852 

James  X.  Moore 1853-54 

Chandler  HoUister 1855 

Daniel  Sheckler 1856-59 

G.  W.  Fox 1860-61 

O.  F.  Curtis. 1862 


Wm.McCracken 1863-64 

J.  M.  Wiard 1865 

M.  W.  ("ozad 1866 

J.  A.  H.  Speer 1867-70 

W.  P.  Garrison 1871 

J.  A.  H.  Speer 1872-79 


COLLECTORS. 


S.  H.  Sivlev 1850-5] 

Wm.   Herfiot 1852 

Thomas  Bell 1853-54 

S.  H.  Sivlev 185.5-59 

O.  D.    Carpenter 1860-62 

John  Fouts 1863-64 

M.    W.    Cozad 1865 


William  Smith 1866 

N.   Crutz 1867 

Wm.  Kirkendall 1868-69 

D.  B.  Smith 1870 

.John    Wallirk 1871 

D.  B.  Smith  1872-79 


FAIRVIEW  TOWNSHIP. 

Matthias  Swegle  was  the  first  settler  to  locate  in  this  beautiful 
townshi]-.  He  caine  from  New  Jersey  and  settled  at  the  head  of 
Swegle  creek  in  1829.  He  Avas  a  very  large  man  and  of  but  little 
education.  He  attended  school  here  after  he  located  in  the  town- 
ship. He  was  a  pupil  of  Mr.  Morris  when  he  weighed  340  pounds. 
When  he  first  started  to  school  his  oldest  child  was  22  years  old. 
He  was  in  the  spelling  class  with  his  younger  children  and  would 
take  his  place  among  the  little  fellows  as  they  stood  up  to  spell. 
He  attended  school  about  three  months.  He  was  a  generous,  ])ublic- 
spirited  man,  and  as  Peter  Puniyea's  house  was  tlie  house  of  the 
average  Jerseyman,  so  was  Matthias  Swegle's  that  of  the  itinerant 
Methodist  persuasion.  He  made  a  wooden  cannon  during  the 
Black  Hawk  war  to  frighten  the  Indians  with.  He  was  the  first 
Justice  of  the  Peace. 

Among  the  early  settlers  were  John  Hall,  who  settled  on  section 
7;  Moses  Johnson,  who  located  on  7,  east  and  adjoining  Hall; 
Jerrod  Lyons  located  on  section  8 ;  Wesley  Cope  upon  6 ;  and 
others. 

As  the  history  of  the  town  is  so  closely  identified  with  that  of  the 
township  we  proceed  to  give  a  sketch  of  it : 

FAIRVIKW. 

The  eldest  son  of  Richard  Addis  (spoken  of  in  the  history  of 
Canton,  whose  name  was  also  Richard),  lived  for  many  years  in 
Fairview  tp.,  then  only  a  wilderness,  and  induced  his  cousin,  Peter 
Pumyea,  through  correspondence,  to  visit  this  State  in  1835.  This 
year  was  the  beginning  of  the  great  internal-improvement  system 
of  the  State  and  at  a  time  when  speculation  ran  rife,  and  also  a  year 
when  the  cholera  prevailed.  Then  many  persons  were  almost  at  the 
point  of  death  from  an  imaginary  contact,  but  being  assured  that 
the  supposed  infectious  party  had  no  real  cholera,  were  almost  im- 
mediately restored  to  health.  Nevertheless  the  fever  of  specula- 
tion seized  Mr.  Pumyea,  and  he  was  induced  to  sell  out  and  move 
West.  In  the  spring  of  1836,  with  four  good  teams  and  well  filled 
wagons,  started  for  Illinois,  and  after  nearly  two  months  of  arduous 
travel  arrived  in  Fulton  county,  where  he  purchased  of  S.  Dyer  the 
property  long  occupied  by  himself  and  family  as  the  homestead 
farm.     Upon  this  place  at  that  time  was  erected  a  double  staked  and 


624  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

ridered  cabin,  one  of  the  largest  size  and  deemed  by  many  of  that 
day  an  extravagant  mansion ;  and  upon  its  being  raised  two  logs  all 
around  to  meet  the  requirements  of  the  family  and  visitants,  ena- 
bling a  person  to  stand  erect,  the  exclamation  went  forth  that 
"  Peter  Pumyea  was  too  proud  for  this  country."  And  when  he 
added  improvements  on  the  farm,  among  them  a  "  horse  rake,"  it 
was  regarded  as  a  great  innovation.  The  early  preachers  would 
discourse  valiantly  upon  the  evils  of  pride,  even  to  the  exent  that 
superfluous  l)uttons  upon  the  tails  of  coats  could  and  should  be  dis- 
pensed with.  This  sort  of  preaching,  however,  soon  proved  to  be 
unpopular  and  behind  the  age  of  progress  and  a  better  state  of  civ- 
ilization. Too,  all  persons  not  in  full  sympathy  with  the  dominant 
sect  were  stvled  "  Campbellites."  Thev  were  also  often  dubbed 
*'Blue-bcllicd  Yankees." 

Through  repeated  correspondence  with  their  friends  in  the  East, 
although  letter  postage  was  then  25  cents,  a  desire  was  awakened  in 
many  to  better  their  condition  by  coming  West.  To  take  advan- 
tage of  the  circumstances  of  that  time,  when  immigration  was  large, 
Moses  Hall  and  Benjamin  Foster  put  their  lands  upon  the  market, 
by  conceiving  and  coalescing  with  others  in  the  laying  out  of  a  town. 
Accordingly  in  the  year  1837  they  laid  out  the  original  town  of 
Fairview,  which  was  added  to  ujion  the  west  by  Peter  Pumyea  and 
Richard  Davis.  Jonas  Rawalt  did  the  surveying.  The  town  was 
first  called  Utica,  but  as  there  was  already  a  town  by  that  name  in 
the  county,  its  name  was  changed  to  Fairview.  The  survey  of  the 
town  was  made  by  Jonas  Rawalt,  who  now  resides  in  Orion  tp. 

The  town  was  started  and  the  way  was  thus  opened  and  every 
inducement  given  to  mechanics  and  tradesmen  to  locate  here.  Lots 
were  set  apart  for  certain  religious  sects  to  occupy,  and  as  Rev.  A. 
D.  Wilson  was  sent  out  in  the  year  1837  as  a  missionary  in  the  in- 
terest of  the  Dutch  Reformed  Church,  it  secured  a  very  nice  loca- 
tion. In  order  to  meet  the  anticipated  growth  that  was  expected  to 
follow  the  founding  of  the  Church,  Rev.  Wilson  and  Peter  Pumyea 
were  selected  to  go  back  East  and  solicit  donations,' and  we  find 
a  credit  upon']\Ir.  Pumyea's  book  of  §449  collected  by  him,  mostly 
in  small  amounts  ;  and  through  the  strenuous  efforts  of  Cornelius 
AVyckoif.  sr.,  John  G.  A^oorhces,  Richard  Davis,  Rev.  Wilson  and 
many  others,  the  plan  of  a  building  was  carried  out  sufficient  to 
meet  every  future  contingency  as  to  increase,  of  population. 

For  a  time  the  influx  of  immigration  was  considerable,  and  prior 
to  the  time  of  the  era  of  railroads,  Fairview  was  as  good  a  business 
point  as  any  town  in  the  county.  It  then  had  several  pork-packing 
establishments,  and  many  stores  and  grain  warehouses,  which  have 
long  since  been  but  little  used  ;  and  what  was  once  an  incentive  to 
capitalists  to  encourage  and  jiromote  has  long  since  lost  its  charms. 
Many  claimed  that  this  was  the  result  of  the  selfishness  of  certain 
would-be  aspirants  and  tenacity, of  some  to  hold  and  keep  the  offices 
and  the  Church  ascendancy,  and  arrogating  to  themselves  the  em- 


-'S'^s 


of"  ^ 


FAIRVJEW 


l^g:'^g>e^Ay' 


OF  THE 
UNIVERSITY  Of  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  627 

bodiment  of  all  good.  That  the  prcpoiKlerance  of  influence  has 
been  derogatory  to  railroads,  is  true,  as  it  would  necessitate  a  change 
of  population  and  sentiment,  and,  as  is  claimed  that  many  as- 
serted, "its  corrupting  influence;"  thus  counteracting  and  over- 
balancing; the  zeal  and  encroy  of  those  who  made  every  eflljrt  to 
obtain  a  railroad,  and  avert  the  present  situation.  But  a  better  feel- 
ing now  prevails,  and  Fairview  will  soon  have  a  railroad,  thereby 
opening  up  a  way  for  capital  and  enterprise  to  come  in  and  assist 
those  already  here  in  develojiing  the  resources,  and  opening  up  the 
vast  mines  of  coal  underlying  this  entire  section. 

While  for  a  time  the  "Jersey  element"  was  regarded  with  con- 
siderable jealousy  and  susj)ici()n,  and  on  the  principle  that  "  like 
begets  like,"  the  drawing  of  one  imaginary  State  line  would  tighten 
that  of  another,  and  consecpientlv  there  was  for  a  time  very  little 
interchange  of  opinion  and  sentiment.  Yet  we  find  that  as  early  as 
1838  the  "Jersey  element"  is  recognized  by  the  township  choosing 
Richard  Davis,  Elijah  ]\[orton,  Moses  (\  Johnson,  Jonathan  Mark- 
ley,  and  Asa  Shreevcs  School  Trustees,  and  Peter  Pumyea  Treas- 
urer. The  latter  retained  the  treasurership  and  other  town  offices 
until  his  death  in  1850. 

We  find  upon  a  school  schedule  a  certificate  by  Joshua  Cooper  for 
two  sessions  in  the  year  1838,  the  following  families  rejircsented 
in  the  Richard  Addis  neighborhood,  viz :  northeast  of  Fairview 
village — Foster,  Leeker,  Davis,  Tipton,  Williamson,  Addis,  and 
Martin.  The  teacher  received  for  his  service?  $13.95.  In  1840  we 
find  added  to  the  above  list  Barlow,  Denison,  Hickman,  Romine 
and  Kelsey.  In  the  Fairview  District  taught  by  Abraham  Gulick 
there  are  represented  in  1830,  the  following  families  :  Groenendyke, 
Martin,  Vorhees,  Wilson,  WyckofT,  Davis,  Gilmore,  Prumyea,  Dar- 
land,  llagaman  and  Polhemus.  School  commenced  April  8,  and 
ended  Saturday,  June  14,  183L',  and  the  amount  paid  teacher  was 
$28.91. 

We  find  that  the  school  in  the  west  neighborhood,  taught  by 
Reuben  F.  Markham,  commenced  Dec.  7,  1840,  and  Avas  closed  April 
22,  1841.  There  were  five  families  sending  children  to  this  school: 
Therman,  Hughl)anks,  Cope,  Johnson  and  (Jreen,  and  at  §2  per 
scholar.  The  teacher's  services  amounted  to  $24.25,  and  the  teacher's 
certificate  was  certified  to  by  Edward  Therman  and  Jacob  Shellen- 
berger,  "employers." 

In  the  Swegle  district  sciiool,  tauglit  by  Richard  M.  Jones,  i)e- 
giuning  July  23,  1838,  the  fidlowing  families  were  represented: 
James,  Swegle,  Overman,  (iray,  Burnett,  Drum,  Shreeves,  Johnson, 
Flowers,  Dunn  and  Smith.  The  sum  of  $19  was  paid  for  the  ser- 
vices of  the  teacher  during  the  quarter. 

In  the  Fairview  Academy  tauulit  bv  S.  S.  Cornwell,  we  find  the 
following  persons  in  attendance  :  Suydam,  Voorhees,  Davis,  Martin, 
Sweeney,  Pumyea,  Gray,  VanArsdale,  Foster,  Ward,  Davis,  Lamb, 
Wilson,  Gilmore,  Rockafellow,  Mummerst,  Foster,  Ward,  Sweeny, 

37 


628  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

Teethworth,  Haj^aman,  Voorhees,  Darlin<<:,  AVvekofT,  Polhemus, 
Hickman  and  Addis.  During-  tlie  next  term  added  to  these  were 
Gathey,  Laturrette,  Young,  Weaver  and  lierger.  A  certificate 
was  made  out  as  due  from  each  schohir  the  sum  of  §2,  and  signed 
by  G.  Groenendyke,  Benj.  Darling  and  Simon  B.  Suydam,  Direct- 
ors. Almost  all  of  these  names  have  become  familiar  over  the 
county.  The  younger  jieople  have  grown  up  any  are  to-day  classed 
among  the  best  and  wealthiest  people  of  the  county. 

Henry  B.  Evans  kept  the  first  store  in  the  town.  The  first  death 
that  occurred  was  a  child  by  the  name  of  Hagaman.  The  town  is 
beautifully  situated. 

Fail-view  Church. — Upon  the  19th  of  August,  1887,  a  public 
meeting  was  held  in  the  town  of  Fairview  at  the  house  of  Daniel 
Groenendyke  to  make  some  move  toward  establishing  a  Church. 
Peter  Pumyea  was  called  to  preside,  and  John  S.  Wyckotf  was  ap- 
pointed secretary.  At  this  time  there  were  less  than  half  a  dozen 
families  living  in  the  infant  village  and  it  platted  in  the  midst  of 
the  wilderness,  where  bloomed  the  wild  roses  of  the  prairie,  and, 
unmolested,  roamed  the  deer  and  the  antelope.  Application  was 
made  to  the  Synod  of  the  Reformed  Church  to  be  furnished  with  a 
preacher.  Oct.  3,  1837,  Rev.  A.  D.  Wilson,  from  New  Brunswick, 
X.  J.,  arrived  at  Fairview,  being  sent  to  see  if  a  Church  could  be 
established.  On  the  16th  the  Reformed  Church  of  Fairview  was 
organized  by  Rev.  Wilson.  The  organization  consisted  of  8  mem- 
bers, with  John  S.  Wyckoff'and  Clarkson  Van  Nostrand  as  Elders 
and  Aaron  I).  Addis  as  Deacon.  This  was  the  first  urganization  of 
this  religious  denomination  west  of  the  Alleghany  Mountains,  and 
is  truly  styled  "  the  parent  Church  of  the  West."  Rev.  Wilson 
then  returned  to  his  home  in  the  East,  and  left  the  congregation 
without  a  pastor  or  a  church  building.  But  the  peojJe  were  zealous 
and  steadfast,  and  from  Sunday  to  Sunday  assenil)U'd  for  prayer  and 
praise.  These  meetings  were  generally  led  by  Cajit.  John  S.  ^^'yckoff, 
who  is  the  only  one  living  of  the  original  members. 

Duriug  all  this  time  the  little  band  was  sending  u]>  the  ^Nlace- 
donian  cry  to  their  friends  in  the  East  to  couieand  help  them.  The 
matter  was  laid  before  the  Church  authorities  in  convention  assem- 
bled, and  the  cry  arose,  "  who  will  go?"  No  one,  as  he  contem- 
|)lated  the  privations  and  hardships  incident  to  j>ioneer  life,  had  a 
desire  to  endure  them.  For  a  time  silence  reigned.  At  last  a  voice 
arose  in  that  assend>lv  saviuij:  "The  child  born  in  the  wilderness 
shall  not  be  left  to  perish  alone.  If  no  one  else  can  be  found  I 
will  go."  This  was  the  voice  of  Rev.  A.  D.  Wilson,  who  the  fall 
jirevious  had  organized  the  congregaticni,  but  had  no  expectation  or 
de.-ire  to  move  West,  being  pleasantly  situated  among  his  congre- 
gation at  North  Branch,  N.  J.  But  when  this  noble  man  of  God 
found  no  one  willing  to  respond  to  the  call  he  determined  to  go  him- 
self; so  bid  adieu  to  his  bel(»ved  home  and  came  here,  arriving  in 
July,  1838,  and  immediately  entered  upon  his  life  labor.     Meetings 


HISTORY    OF    FITLTON    COUNTY.  629 

at  this  time  were  held  in  a  log  cabin,  formerly  a  blacksmith  shop, 
standing  npon  the  lot  occupied  by  the  residence  of  John  Pfeiffer. 
This  structure  was  not  only  used  for  Church  purposes,  but  for  all 
public  meetings  and  as  a  school-house. 

Soon  l\'ter  Pumyea,  a  generous  and  noble  man,  deeded  to  the 
Church  a  beautiful  square  of  ground  upon  which  to  erect  a  church 
edifice.  This  is  the  same  ground  upon  which  stands  the  beautiful 
and  commodious  structure,  the  result  of  the  labors  and  sacrifices  of 
these  loved  and  honored  ])ioneers,  and  a  monument  of  the  noble 
deeds  for  the  master  performed  under  circumstances  more  trying  and 
difficult  than  the  present  generation,  who  enjoy  the  fruits  of  their 
labors,  can  conceive. 

In  the  fall  of  1838  work  at  the  old  Academy  building  was  be- 
gun. This  structure  was  about  20x40  feet  in  size,  two  stories  high, 
with  a  belfry.  The  upper  room  was  designed  for  holding  religious 
services  in.  In  the  sjiring  of  1839  meetings  were  abandoned  in  the 
old  log  shanty  and  th(^  acadV^mv  was  opened.  In  the  fall  of  1838 
the  foundation  of  the  church  was  begun,  and  Nov.  26  the  corner- 
stone was  laid.  At  hist  the  frame-work  of  the  building  was  ready 
to  be  raised.  This  required  the  assistance  of  all  the  men  in  the 
village  and  surrounding  country,  together  with  aid  from  Ellisville 
and  Farmington  to  raise  it.  For  three  years  the  people  struggled 
on  in  the  erection  of  this  building  befi)re  it  was  ready  for  dedication. 
Aid  was  required  from  the  East  to  complete  it.  Oct.  3,  1841,  the 
generous  contractor,  Cornelius  Wyckofi*,  sen.,  turned  the  building 
over  to  the  congregation,  and  it  was  dedicated  to  the  worship  of  the 
Lord. 

On  the  1 1th  of  April,  18of),  Rev.  A.  D.  Wilson  resigned  as  Pas- 
tor, and  Rev.  Wm.  Anderson  took  charge  in  the  fall  of  the  same 
year,  and  served  three  years.  Duri;ig  the  services  of  Rev.  Wilsoji 
no  parsonage  was  furnished,  iu>  provided  his  own  house  and  received 
what  salary  tiie  j)eoj)le  were  disj)osed  to  pay,  but  during  the  survices 
of  Rev.  Wm.  Anderson  a  tract  of  land  containing  about  five  acres 
was  purchased  and  a  large  and  beautiful  parsonage  built,  it  being 
the  largest  dwelling  in  the  village. 

Jan.  K),  1860,  Rev.  J.  S.  Jorahnon  was  called  to  the  })astorate. 
At  that  time  the  Church  was  largely  in  debt,  but  to-day  no  debt  or 
incumbrance  of  any  kind  rests  upon  any  of  the  property.  Besides 
the  parsonage  and  cihurch  a  large  and  })leasant  lecture  room  stands 
on  the  spot  where  stood  the  old  academy.  The  present  membersiiip 
is  about  2(  )0. 

Schools. — In  the  summer  of  1838,  ere  the  town  of  Fairview  was 
scarcely  surveyed,  the  citizens  employed  Simon  S.  Wyckoff  to  teach 
school.  He  tauffht  in  an  old  loy;  cabin  situated  where  the  residence 
of  John  Pfeiffer  now  is.  The  second  teacher,  Mr.  Abram  Gulick, 
taught  in  an  old  cabin  where  now  stands  Wm.  Rockafellow's  shop. 
In  1839  an  academy  was  built  east  of,  and  adjacent  to,  the  Reformed 
church.     This  structure  was  occupied  as  a  public  school-house  until 


K30  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

1863,  when  the  present  school  building,  in  the  northwest  part  of  the 
town,  was  erected.  It  is  a  two-story  frame  building,  and  cost 
$3,500.  It  is  surrounded  by  beautiful  grounds,  with  delightful 
grove  and  lawn, — not  excelled  perhajis  by  any  })ublie  grounds  in  the 
county.  Its  rooms  are  well  furnished,  giving  ample  and  comfort- 
able accommodation  for  225  pupils.  The  present  school  board  is 
composed  of  Messrs.  P.  Berg,  F.  Davis  and  Thomas  H.  Travers, 
all  of  whom  take  considerable  interest  in  the  care  and  improvement 
of  the  school  property  and  the  education  of  the  young. 

Fairview  Lodge,  No.  350,  A.  F.  &  A.  M. — At  an  early  day  the 
Free  and  Accepted  Masons  urged  their  claims  upon  the  citizens  of 
Fairview.  The  first  meeting  was  held  Oct.  18,  1859,  with  J.  S. 
Slack,  AV.  M.  Prot. ;  Jos.  Sanders,  S.  W. ;  J.  B.  Craigg,  J.  AV. ;  S. 
M.  Curtis,  S.  D. ;  L.  B.  Martin,  J.  D. ;  C.  M.  Martin,  Sec;  J.  M. 
Fox,  Treas.  Brethren  present  were  J.  J.  Curtis,  T.  J.  Shreeves  and 
J.  C.  Williams.  Sanders,  Craigg  and  Curtis  were  a])pointed  a  com- 
mittee on  by-laws.  The  lodge  was  granted  a  charter  Oct.  3,  1800, 
and  the  following  are  the  charter  members:  Thomas  J.  Shreeves, 
Joseph  Sanders,  David  Shreeves,  J.  B.  Craigg,  J.  M.  Fox, 
Charles  B.  ]Martin,  Samuel  M.  Curtis  and  Luther  B.  Martin.  The 
officers  a})pointed  by  the  charter  were  Thomas  S.  Shreeves,  W.  M. ; 
Joseph  Sanders,  S.  W.,  and  David  Shreeves,  J.  W.  Nov.  20, 
1860,  J.  T.  Slack,  D.  G.  M.,  officiated  in  the  installation  of  the 
charter  officers,  and  S.  M.  Alartin,  S.  D. ;  L.  B.  Martin,  J.  D. ;  C. 
M.  Martin,  Sec,  and  J.  B.  Craigg,  Treas.  The  organization  has 
been  a  good,  live  working  one,  continually  on  tlie  increase,  and  now 
has  a  membership  of  about  60.  Mr.  Joseph  Neglev  has  served  a 
greater  length  of  time  as  W.  M.  than  any  of  his  predecessors.  As 
a  working  lodge  it  has  always  ])roved  a  success.  In  acts  of  charity 
its  reputation  stands  high  and  bright. 

EviUKU'licul  Lnthcnui  Church,  situated  at  Coal  creek,  was  organ- 
ized by  Rev.  Swartz  about  the  year  1850.  The  congregation  met  in 
a  school-house  at  first,  and  indeed  until  1866,  when  their  present 
church  structure  was  erected.  It  is  30x40  feet  in  size,  and  cost 
S2,()()0,  of  which  the  Swygert  family  gave  ^600.  Samuel  Gourley 
donated  the  ground  upon  which  the  building  stands,  and  also  the 
ground  for  the  cemetery.  The  pastor  devotes  only  a  portion  of  his 
time  to  this  congregation,  and  receives  §200  a  year.  The  present 
membership  is  30. 

BIOGRAPHICAL    SKETCHES. 

Henry  Alcotf,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Fairview  ;  was  born  in  Ross  Co.,  O., 
Aug.  1,  1811,  and  is  the  son  of  Israel  and  Ann  Alcott.  He  enjoyed 
only  the  advantages  of  the  common  schools  in  a  new  country  at 
which  to  gain  an  education.  He  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1836,  and 
has  been  eminently  successful  in  life.  At  present  he  owns  1,435 
acres  of  land  in  this  county  and  160  acres  in  Iowa.  He  also  has 
1,000  head  of  sheep.  In  1835  lu;  was  married  to  Martha  Foster, 
who  has  borne  him  two  children. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  631 

S.  B.  Bennett,  M.  D.,  Coroner  of  Fultou  Co.,  was  born  in 
Lawrence  Co.,  111.,  Nov.  24, 1838.  His  father,  the  Rev.  Isaac  Ben- 
nett, died  at  Canton  in  18o<).  Dr.  B.  began  the  practice  of  medi- 
cine at  the  earlv  age  of  21  in  Canton.  He  received  his  medical 
education  at  Rush  Medical  College,  Chicago.  In  1861  he  moved 
to  Fairview,  where  he  now  resides,  and  where  he  has  gained  an  envi- 
able reputation  as  a  practitioner.  He  was  elected  Coroner  in  1878, 
and  during  the  present  year  has  been  elected  Director  of  the  Mutual 
Life  Insurance  Co.,  of  Canton.  The  Doctor  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Angeline  Taylor,  Sept.  1,  1863.  She  was  the  daughter  of  the 
late  Robert  Taylor,  who  resided  south  of  Canton.  He  had  resided 
in  Fulton  Co.  for  tifty  years  at  the  time  of  his  death.  This  union 
has  been  blessed  with  2  children, — Zachary  T.,  born  June  3,  1865, 
and  Mary  C,  born  May  27,  186(j. 

Joseph  Cook  was  born  in  Grand  Duchy  of  Baden,  Germany,  Oct. 
23,  1823.  He  is  the  son  of  Joseph  and  Rosiana.  Mr.  C  came  to 
America  in  1836,  and  remained  at  New  York  until  the  following 
year  when  he  went  to  New  Jersey,  and  May  10,  1852,  landed  in 
Fulton  Co.  At  the  early  age  of  15  he  began  to  learn  the  trade  of 
cabinet-making,  which  he  has  followed  ever  since,  and  in  which  he 
has  been  successful.  He  has  been  President  of  the  Board  of  Trus- 
tees and  a  member  of  it  almost  all  of  the  time  for  20  years.  He 
has  been  married  twice, — the  first  time  to  Mary  Robison,  June  2, 
1846;  the  second  time  to  Sarah  Blene.  They  have  3  children, — 
Milton,  born  in  Nov.,  1865,  George  W.,  born  in  1869,  and  Lorena, 
born  Jan.  5,  1877.     Mr.  C.  united  with  the  M.  E.  Church  in  1848. 

James  D.  Curtis,  M.  J),  was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  N.  Y.,  March  14, 
1832.  His  parents,  Silas  and  Margaret  (McDonald)  Curtis,  were  both 
natives  of  the  Empire  State.  Mr.  C.  visited  this  county  in  1848,  but 
did  not  locate  here  till  1861.  After  receiving  a  common-school 
education  he  took  the  Latin  and  scientific  courses  at  Kingsborough 
College.  He  also  attended  medical  college  at  New  York.  He  is 
also  a  graduate  from  the  Eclectic  Medical  Institute  of  Cincinnati. 
The  Doctor  is  a  member  of  the  State  Medical  Society.  He  has  prac- 
ticed his  profession  since  coming  to  the  county.  He  has  served 
Fairview  as  Mayor.  In  1862  he  was  married,  and  again  in  1875, 
May  24  ;  this  time  to  Elizabeth  Greenwell.  The  Doctor  made  a 
profession  of  religion  when  20  years  old  and  joined  the  M.  E. 
Church.  In  1852  he  united  with  the  Baptist  Church  and  was  im- 
mersed l)y  Elder  Corwin  by  cutting  a  iiole  in  the  ice.  He  again 
united  with  tlie  M.  E.  Church  in  1863.  Changing  locations  caused 
him  to  change  Churches. 

Edward  Cox,  sr.,  is  among  the  first  settlers  of  Fulton  Co.  He 
erected  the  tiiird  frame  house  in  the  town  of  Fairview,  and  he  thinks 
the  third  in  the  township.  When  he  came  to  the  county  only  one 
family  lived  within  the  present  corporation  of  Fairview.  This 
man's  name  was  Henry  B.  Evans,  and  he  owned  the  first  grocery 
store  in  the  township.     The  building  is  still  standing  and  used  as  a 


632  HISTORY    OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

bftrn.  He  built  a  large  house  which  he  used  for  hotel  purposes 
for  14  years.  He  was  born  in  Somerset  Co.,  N.  J.,  Feb.  9,  1814. 
His  father,  Jacob  E.  Cox,  and  his  mother,  Rebecca  (I^ane)  Cox,  are 
both  living  with  him.  He  came  to  the  Co.  in  May  of  1837,  and  has 
403  acres  of  good  land  at  present.  He  did  not  get  married  until 
well  advanced  in  life.  He  was  united  in  the  bonds  of  wedlock 
March  18,  1879,  with  Gertrude  Cox.  He  became  a  member  of  the 
Reformed  Church  in  1850. 

William  H.  Dalle y,  farmer,  sec.  S  ;  P.  O.,  Fairview.  On  the  16th 
of  Aug.,  1830,  there  was  born  to  John  Y.  and  Elizabeth  (Hall) 
Dailey,  in  Henderson  Co.,  N.  J.,  a  son,  the  subject  of  this  sketch. 
He  grew  up,  attending  the  common  schools,  and  learned  the  car])en- 
ter's  trade,  which  he  followed  some  years,  but  changed  it  for  farm- 
ing, and  by  his  own  exertions  has  succeeded.  Miss  Lettie  Ellen 
Dilts  and  he  were  united  in  marriage  in  September,  1853.  Five 
children  have  blessed  their  home, — 2  boys  and  3  girls, — 4  of  whom 
are  living,  and  one  son  and  one  daughter  married. 

Frederick  Davis,  butcher  and  farmer,  was  born  in  Fairview  tp. 
March  14,  1842.  His  parents,  Richard  and  Sophia  (Suydam) 
Davis  came  to  this  county  as  early  as  1831.  In  1861  Mr.  Davis 
enlisted  in  Co.  L,  7th  Cav.,  under  Capt.  Scott,  of  Bushnell.  He 
never  was  off  duty  and  participated  in  all  the  raids  and  scouts,  and 
his  horse  was  as  faithful  and  plucky  as  he.  He  was  on  the  famous 
Greerson  raid,  when  a  distance  of  800  miles  was  traveled  in  14  days. 
In  1868  he  married  Mrs.  L.  Robison,  who  bore  him  4  children, — 
one  boy  and  3  girls, — all  living.  Ardelia,  Lorena,  Altaaud  Martin 
Seward  are  their  names. 

L.  W.  Davis,  farmer,  sec.  27 ;  P.  O.,  Fairview.  This  gentleman 
was  born  in  Fairview  in  1839,  and  is  the  sou  of  Richard  and  Sophia 
Davis.  He  attended  the  commmon  schools  here  and  Knox  Acad- 
emy, Galesburg.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Susan  Bean, 
A})ril  29,  1864.  Mollie  and  Carrie  are  their  living  cJiildren.  They 
have  one  dead.     Mr.  D.  has  served  in  several  local  official  positions. 

James  W.  Downin,  farmer,  sec.  6 ;  P.  O.,  Farmington.  ^Ir. 
Downin  is  the  son  of  Jacob  S.  and  Mary  Jane  (Kreigh)  Downin, 
and  was  born  in  Wayne  Co.,  Ind.,  Sept.  3,  1844.  Three  years  later 
he  was  brought  into  this  county.  In  1875,  Feb.  11,  he  took  unto 
himself  a  wife  in  the  person  of  Miss  Hettie  Catlett.  Emry  L., 
boru  June  16,  1876,  and  Mary  Jane,  born  April  10,  1878,  are  their 
children. 

John  II.  DiuDi,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  (),,  Fairview;  is  the  son  of 
John  S.  and  Elizabeth  Dunn,  and  was  born  in  Fairview  township 
April  27,  1840.  He  received  a  liberal  education,  and  at  the  age  of 
23  embarked  in  life's  work  as  an  agriculturist,  which  he  likes,  and 
at  which  he  has  been  successful.  He  is  J.  P.  at  present  and  has 
held  several  local  offices.  He  was  married  near  Nebraska  City 
Aug.  15,  1866.     Ada  and  Matthew  are  liis  children. 

J.    W.  Dunn,  farmer,  sec.  7 ;  P.  O,,  Midway.     Mr.  Dunn  was 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  633 

born  in  Indiana  Sept.  21,  1834,  and  is  the  son  of  John  S.  and  Eliza- 
beth (Norvel)  Dunn,  pioneers  of  this  county.  He  had  only  the  ad- 
vantages the  common  schools  of  a  new  country  offered  for  an  educa- 
tion. He  has  served  as  School  Director  for  a  dozen  years.  June 
3,  1875,  he  was  married  to  Susan  Pratt.  Politically  he  is  a  Demo- 
crat. 

Cornelius  Dykeman  was  born  April  4,  1836,  the  son  of  Gilson  and 
Parmelia  (Tuttle)  Dykeman  ;  educated  in  New  York  State  ;  brought 
up  a  farmer  ;  came  to  Fairview  tj).  in  an  early  day  ;  now  lives  on  sec. 
1.  He  has  improved  as  much  as  300  acres  of  wild  land.  He  mar- 
ried Lydia  Douglas,  by  whom  he  has  two  children  living.  She  is 
a  Spiritualist.     Mr.  D.  in  politics  is  a  Republican. 

>S((muel  Gourlei/.  In  Montgomery,  Pa.,  there  was  born  to  Joseph 
and  Elizabeth  (Homer)  Gourley,  on  June  2,  1818,  a  son,  whom 
they  christened  Samuel.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1856  and  en- 
gaged in  farming.  He  resides  now  upon  sec.  19.  In  1843  he  was 
married  to  Ann  Trov,  who  bore  him  8  children, — 5  boys  and  3 
girls, — only  3  of  whom  are  living, — B.  L.,  Joseph  and  Abram  L. 
His  P.  O.  address  is  Fairview. 

Peter  H.  Groenench/ke  is  the  only  child  of  Samuel  and  Gertie  Anna 
(Hageman)  Groenendyke,  both  of  whom  are  natives  of  Somerset 
Co.,  X.  J.  The  former  was  born  April  17,  1825,  his  mother  INIarch 
19,  1820.  Peter  was  born  Jan.  30,  1851.  Peter's  grandfather  and 
grandmother,  Daniel  and  Adria  Groenendyke,  were  also  natives  of 
New  Jersey.  The  former  died  in  1872,  while  the  latter  still  sur- 
vives. The  wife  of  our  subject,  Mary  K.  Wolfe,  was  born  July  9, 
1851.  She  is  the  daughter  of  John  L.  and  Susan  (Kenle\)  Wolfe. 
The  father  was  born  in  Virginia  Feb.  27,  1812;  her  mother  was  a 
native  of  Maryland.  Mr.  and  INIrs.  G.  have  one  child,  Samuel 
Wilber.  Peter  came  to  this  county  with  liis  j)arents  in  1835,  and 
resides  on  sec  5,  and  they  live  with  iiini.      P.  O.,  Fairview. 

WiUUuii  Grocuendiikc,  farmer,  sec.  20;  P.  0.,  Fairview;  was  born 
in  Hunterdon  county,  N.  J.,  May  24,  1810.  His  father,  Samuel 
Groenendyke,  served  in  the  Revolutionary  war  as  Major.  His 
mother's  maiden  name  was  jNIarv  Devore.  Mr.  G.  came  to  this 
county  in  1849.  In  1862  he  enlisted  in  Capt.  Wyckoff's  company 
of  the  103d  111.  Inf.  In  18.'U,  Oct.  5,  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Rebecca  Voorhees,  who  bore  him  7  children, — one  boy  and  6 
girls, — 4  of  whom  are  living,  and  all  married.  Mr.  (i. 
has  been  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Giiurch  for  a  iialf  century,  and 
since  1849  has  been  Ti-ustee  and  Chiss-Lcader.     P.  O.,  Fairview. 

H.  H.  Hartouffh  was  born  in  Somerset  Co.,  N.  J.,  May  17,  1817. 
He  came  to  Fairview  and  bought  property  in  July,  1838;  returned 
to  N.  J.,  was  married  Feb.  24,  1840,  and  arrived  here  again  May  1 
of  that  year.  He  was  married  to  Catharine  Vanderveer.  Their 
family  consists  of  the  folh)wing  members:  Marv,  born  Nov.  9, 
1844;  John,  March  4,  1847;  Martin,  Sept.  11,  1849;  Caroline  V., 
Oct.  13,  1855;  William  A.,  June  11,  1858.     Three  of  the  children 


634  HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 

are  married.  One  of  the  daughters  is  the  wife  of  Dr.  Hughes,  re- 
siding near  Chicago.  Mr  H.  learned  the  plastering  and  briok-lay- 
ing  trade  and  followed  it  for  13  years,  when  he  bought  the  firm 
where  he  now  lives,  sec.  33.  Mr.  H.  has  been  a  life-long  Republi- 
can, and  is  a  strong  temperance  advocate,  and  a  member  of  the  Re- 
formed Church.  He  is  liberal  and  has  accumulated  a  good  fortune  by 
his  industry.     His  portrait  we  give  in  this  book.     P.  O.,  Fairview. 

James  Heddcn,  farmer,  sec.  30 ;  P.  O.,  Fairview ;  was  born  in 
Morris  Co.,  X.  J.,  Aug.  31,  1805,  and  is  the  son  of  Joseph  and 
Sarah  Hedden.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1852  or  '53.  He  fol- 
lowed brickmaking  for  about  40  years  in  his  native  State,  but  since 
here  has  engaged  in  farming.  He  has  served  in  several  l<»cal  offices. 
He  married  Georgia  Godly,  He  is  the  parent  of  17  children,  8  of 
whom  are  living  and  all  married.  He  united  with  the  Reformed 
Church  in  1852. 

Hugh  F.  Hillpoff,  merchant,  was  born  in  Bucks  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  12, 
1833.  He  is  the  son  of  Jacob  G.  and  Julia  Hillpott.  His  mother's 
maiden  name  was  Julia  Frankfield.  He  came  to  this  county  Xov. 
28,  1855,  and  settled  in  Fairview.  He  has  only  a  limited  educa- 
tion, having  never  attended  school  more  than  8  months  in  his  life. 
His  superior  native  genius  and  business  ability  has,  nevertheless, 
abundantly  crowned  his  efforts.  He  worked  as  a  farm  hand  until 
he  was  20  years  of  age,  then  learned  the  l)lacksmith's  trade,  which 
he  followed  for  11  years.  He  then  embarked  in  mercantile  life,  and 
has  since  continued  in  it,  being  very  successful,  and  accumulated  a 
fine  fortune.  June  28,  1868,  he  was  married  to  Sarah  Van  Liew. 
John  V.  L.,  born  Aug.  25,  1869,  and  Lizzie  C,  born  June  24,  1872, 
are  their  children.  During  the  days  of  the  Rebellion  Mr.  H.  enlist- 
ed in  Co.  D,  103d  111.  Inf.  He  participated  in  several  battles  and 
was  with  Gen.  Grant  at  the  seige  of  Vicksburg,  and  was  discharged 
at  Washington  City,  Sept.  25,  1864.  He  united  with  the  Reformed 
Church  in  1865. 

M.  M.  Johnson,  son  of  Moses  C.  and  Zerilda  Johnson,  was  born 
in  Fairview  tp.,  Aug.  5,  1839.  He  is  engaged  in  farming  upon 
sec.  7.  He  has  traveled  over  the  Western  States  and  Territories 
considerably.  In  187S  he  was  the  choice  and  nominee  of  the  (Treen- 
back  party  for  Sheriff  of  this  county,  but,  although  running  ahead 
of  his  ticket,  he  was  defeated.  He  has  held  manv  local  official 
positions.  Dec.  24,  1868,  he  was  married  to  Eliza  J.  Downan. 
Their  home  has  been  blessed  with  6  children, — 3  boys  and  3  girls, 
— all  of  whom  are  living.     P.  O.,  Fairview. 

Allen  Keefauver,  barber,  Fairview,  is  the  son  of  John  and  Eliz- 
abeth (Young)  Keefauver,  and  was  born  in  Washington. Co.,  Ind., 
March  23,  1853.  He  was  brought  to  Joshua  tp.  in  1855.  He  was 
engaged  on  the  farm  till  19  years  old,  when  he  began  to  learn  his 
trade.  He  is  an  artist  of  great  skill  in  his  business,  and  a  young 
man  full  of  energy  and  enterprise.  He  is  the  leader  of  the  Fair- 
view  String  Band.  He  was  married  Feb.  16,  1875,  to  Mary  Suy- 
dam.     Jessie,  born  Xov.  16,  1875,  is  their  only  child. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  635 

James  K.  Kehey.  One  of  tlie  self-made  men  of  the  county  is  the 
venerable  Mr.  Kelsey,  who  was  born  in  Fairfield  Co.,  O.,  March  7, 
1807.  His  father,  Enos  Kelsey,  was  from  New  York  ;  his  mother, 
Nancy  Kelsey,  nee  Young-,  was  a  native  of  the  Keystone  State. 
Mr.  K.  followed  shoemaking  till  he  was  22  years  old,  when  he  began 
school-teaching,  but  soon  turned  to  tilling  the  soil.  He  resides  now 
on  sec.  13,  and  owns  250  acres,  besides  town  property,  which  he  has 
gained  by  his  own  personal  exertions.  April  9,  1829,  he  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Lydia  Harsock,  who  bore  him  11  children, — 
4  Ijovs  and  7  girls, — 8  of  whom  are  living.  In  1854  ISIr.  K. 
united  with  the  Presbyterian  Church.     P.  O.  address,  Farmington. 

John  L.  Kitchen,  farmer  and  coal  miner,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  Fairview ; 
was  born  in  Henderson  Co.,  N.  J.,  Aug.  9,  1843.  His  parents  were 
AVilliam  and  Charity  Kitchen.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1851. 
He  is  at  present  School  Director  and  has  been  for  some  years.  On 
the  13th  of  Aug.,  1876,  he  took  unto  himself  a  wife  in  the  person 
of  Mary  Hall.  Frederick,  who  was  born  July  29,  1878,  is  their 
only  child.  Politically,  "Sir.  K.  is  a  Democrat,  though  liberal  in  his 
views. 

Isaac  Lamb  was  born  in  Floyd  Co.,  Ind.,  March  20,  1818.  His 
parents,  Benjamin  and  Nancy  Lamb,  were  natives  of  North  Caro- 
lina. He  came  to  this  county  in  1841  and  settled  near  where  he 
now  lives,  and  has  never  made  but  one  move.  His  present  resi- 
dence is  on  sec.  31.  Mr.  L.  has  quite  an  extensive  coal  bank  and 
for  some  of  his  coal  land  he  has  paid  ^125  per  acre.  He  began  his 
coal  business  30  years  ago.  He  coidd  then  supply  the  demand  with- 
out help,  but  for  the  last  20  years  he  has  mined  about  25,000 
bushels  per  year,,  and  some  of  the  time  has  been  unable  to  fill 
orders.  He  was  married  Feb.  20,  1836,  and  has  11  children, — 7 
boys  and  4  girls.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church.  P. 
O.,  Fairview. 

L.  J.  Lamh  is  a  native  of  Fulton  Co.,  having  been  born  in  Fair- 
view  township  Nov.  7,  1842.  His  jwrents,  Isaac  and  Jane  (Hall) 
Lamb,  were  early  settlers  of  the  county.  L.  J.  attended  the  com- 
mon country  schools,  and  those  of  Fairview  and  Prairie  City, 
where  he  gained  a  good  education.  He  is  engaged  at  farming  on 
sec.  19.  March  25,  18()4,  he  was  married,  and  has  4  sons  and  one 
daughter.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Lutheran  Church  for  14 
years.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the  same  Church.  P.  q.,  Fair- 
view. 

./.  7?.  Lance  was  l)orn  in  Penn.  in  1812  and  is  the  son  of  William 
and  Margaret  (Hart)  Lance.  His  father  was  a  native  of  N.  Y.,  and 
his  mother  of  Penn.  and  both  of  German  descent,  and  both  lived  to 
a  ripe  old  age  and  died  in  this  State.  His  father  Avas  103  vears  of 
age  when  he  died.  J.  R.  came  to  this  county  in  1837  and  located  on 
sec.  1,  Fairview  tp.,  and  has  lived  upon  this  section  since,  and  at 
present  owner  of  330  acres  of  land.  He  has  been  twice  married  and 
is  the  father  of  9  children,  all  of  whom  are  by  his  former  wife.     She 


636  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

>  . 

died  and  he  was  married  in  1878  to  a  widow  lady,  whose  maiden 
name  was  Euphemia  Merrill,  a  dau<>ht("r  of  one  of  the  early  settlers 
of  the  tp.  fShe  owns  200  aeres,  making  530  acres  in  all  that  they 
own.     r.  ().,  Farming-ton. 

W.  S.  Luman,  farmer,  see.  7;  P.  O.,  Fairview ;  was  born  in 
Franklin  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  1,  1834,  and  is  the  son  of  Jesse  and  Mary 
(Shreeves)  Luman.  AY.  S.  was  brought  to  the  county  when  at 
the  very  early  age  of  three  years.  He  has  been  successful  in  his 
labors  and  owns  200  acres  of  land.  In  April,  1858,  he  was  married 
to  Mary  Cook.  This  union  has  been  blessed  with  7  children,-— 6 
boys  and  one  girl, — all  of  whom  are  living.  Politically  he  is  a 
Democrat. 

,/.  F.  McClaiii,  teacher,  was  born  in  Frederick  Co.,  Md.,  Dec.  15, 
1838,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and  Susan  (Harbaugh)  McClain.  The 
former  was  born  Dec.  2,  1799,  and  his  mother,  Aug.  2,  1806.  Mr. 
McClain  attended  the  common  schools  of  111.  and  finished  his  edu- 
cation at  the  Normal  School  at  Emporia,  Kans.  He  began  his  long 
and  successful  career  as  a  teacher  when  only  17  years  old.  He  has 
taught  the  Fairview  school  for  13  years,  and  has  taught  25  terms  in 
the  same  building,  which  speaks  in  his  praise  stronger  than  we  can 
find  words  to  express.  He  has  been  Assessor  of  the  tp.  and  a  mem- 
of  the  B(iard  of  Fairview,  and  served  for  several  terms  as  Town 
Clerk.  This  year  he  was  elected  Supervisor.  He  has  studied  medi- 
cine and  practiced  some,  but  has  not  been  admitted  yet;  he  ex- 
pects to  be,  however,  soon.  March  28, 1866,  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Miss  Marv  Vannortwick,  who  has  borne  him  three  children  — 
John  F.,  born'  Jan.  31,  1871,  Susan  C,  June  22,  1873,  and  Lulu 
May,  Aug.  23,  1876.     He  is  a  member  of  the  Ileformed  Church. 

Benjamin  S.  Miller.  There  was  born  to  James  and  Sarah  Eliza- 
beth (Bovd)  Miller,  while  they  were  living  in  Mercer  Co.,X.  J.,  and 
on  the  4th  of  ^Larch,  1833,  a  son,  Benjamin  S.,  the  subject  of  this 
sketch.  He  worked  at  farming  till  17  years  old  when  he  began 
blacksmithing.  He  came  to  this  county  Oct.  10,  1851,  and  since 
has  engaged  in  farming  most  of  the  time.  He  resides  now  u|)on  sec. 
5.  He  has  been  twice  married.  His  first  wife,  Drusilla  Dunn,  he 
married  Feb.  1, 1 855.  Siie  bore  him  5  children,— 3  boys  and  2  girls, 
— James,  Sarah  Elizabeth,  Hardin,  Joim  and  Cordelia.  His  first 
wife  was  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church  for  31  years.  She  died  of 
consumption  in  1877,  Sei)t.  3.  He  married  again,  this  time  to 
Rachel  Ann  Luman.      P.  ().,  Middle  Grove. 

John  Miner  was  born  born  July  20,  1844,  in  the  old  State  of 
New  Jersey.  His  father,  AVilliam"  ^Finer,  was  of  Scotch-Irish  de- 
scent and  his  mother,  Deborah  ^VFiner,  was  of  English  descent.  Both 
were  natives  of  New  Jersey.  They  reared  a  family  of  1(»  children. 
The  father  has  passed  from  earth'.  He  died  May  2,  1876.  Mrs. 
M.  is  still  living.  John  has  charge  of  the  farm  and  has  been  suc- 
cessful in  its  management.  He  enjoys  the  C(tmpanionship  of  his 
books,  indeed  is  of  a  literary  turn  of  mind.     P.  ().,  Fairview. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  637 

Almiron  G.  Morse  was  born  in  this  county  in  1849.  His  parents, 
T.  M.  and  Elvira  (Blakeslee)  Morse,  were  natives  of  Ohio.  A.  G. 
attended  tlie  common  schools  and  then  learned  the  carpenter's  trade, 
which  he  has  followed  for  ten  years.  He  is  now  engaged  in  the  tile 
business.  Sept.  24,  1875,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Edith 
Shinn.     His  P.  O.  address  is  Farmington  ;  his  residence  on  sec.   2. 

T.  M.  IIorNc,  farmer,  sec.  2 ;  P.  O.,  Farmington ;  was  born  in 
Burlington,  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Feb.  10,  1 820.  His  father,  Jedediah, 
was  a  native  of  the  same  place  and  died  Aug.  8,  1852;  his  mother, 
Huldah  Bolton,  was  a  native  of  Woodstock,  Ct.  Mr.  M.  landed 
here  Sept.  28,  1839,  and  has  resided  on  his  present  farm  most  of 
the  time  since.  He  had  a  liberal  education,  and  was  the  first  Super- 
visor elected  from  the  township.  He  has  held  other  local  official 
positions,  and  was  J.  P.  for  20  years  in  succession.  Mr.  Morse  has 
been  elected  to  the  Legislature  three  different  times,  and  served 
with  credit  and  honor.  He  has  taught  school  much,  and  remem- 
bers teaching  subscription  school  for  $15  per  month,  took  wheat  in 
pay,  hauled  it  to  Farmington  and  sold  it  for  25c  per  bushel.  Oct. 
1,  184(3,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Elvira  Blakeslee,  who  was 
born  Jan.  31,  1830.  Almiron  G.,  Menzo,  Timothy,  Emerson,  Burt, 
Elvira  and  Hattie  are  the  names  of  their  children. 

James  M.  Morton.  Upon  the  section  where  he  now  lives,  sec.  24, 
on  July  2,  1838,  James  M.  Morton  was  born.  His  father,  Elijah 
Morton,  Avas  born  in  New  Jersey ;  his  mother,  Mary  (Alexander) 
Morton,  was  a  native  of  Bucks  Co.,  Pa.  In  18(33  Mr.  M.  enlisted 
in  Co.  B,  11th  111.  Cav.,  under  Col.  Kerr.  He  served  till  Se])t.  30, 
1865,  when  he  was  discharged  at  Memj)his.  In  1870,  Sept.  1,  he 
was  joined  in  the  holy  bonds  of  matrimony  with  Clara  Jacobus. 
Henry  E.,  born  June  24,  1872,  Edith  A.,  Feb.  18,  1874,  and  Alvah 
and  Alpheus,  born  June  8,  1878,  are  their  children.  P.  O.,  Fair- 
view. 

./.  B.  Nec/ley  is  one  of  the  enterprising  farmers  of  Fulton  Co. 
He  located  here  in  1844,  and  has  resided  upon  the  same  farm  since 
the  s])ring  of  1845.  His, native  State  is  Pennsylvania,  where,  in 
Franklin  Co.,  June  15,  1813,  he  was  born.  His  education  was  very 
limited  when  he  started  in  life  for  himself,  but  he  has  been  a  close 
student  all  of  his  life,  and  at  present  is  a  frequent  contributor  to  the 
county  papers.  There  was  not  a  stick  of  wood  upon  his  farm  when 
he  came  to  it.  He  now  owns  350  acres  of  fine  land,  well  improved 
and  stocked.  He  has  visited  France  to  jiurchase  horses  that  his 
own  and  neighbors'  stock  might  be  improved.  In  1874  he  was  tiic 
nominee  of  his  party  for  Representative,  but  was  beaten  by  a  few 
votes,  his  j)arty  being  in  the  minority.  He  is  the  son  of  Jacob  and 
Marv  Neglev.  He  was  married  in  183(5,  June  14,  to  Catharine 
Wolf,  who  bore  him  9  children,  7  of  whom  are  living.  They  had 
a  son  killed  at  the  battle  of  Shiloh.  He  was  a  member  of  Co.  C, 
19th  111.  Inf.     P.  O.  Xorris. 

James  H.  Pahnerion,  a  prominent  agriculturist,  resides  upon  sec. 


638  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

23,  and  owns  one-half  section  of  land.  He  is  the  son  of  Ichal)od 
and  Jane  (Childers)  Palnicrton,  and  was  born  in  this  county  in 
1844,  Ho  has  made  three  trips  across  the  j)lains,  driving'  Govern- 
ment team.  While  in  the  wilds  of  the  West  he  saw  19  Indians 
hung  with  grape  vines  for  stampeding  cattle.  In  1867,  Oct.  15,  he 
was  united  in  marriage  with  Nlary  Jane  Dedden.  Sarah  E.,  Alice 
M.,  Bessie  A.,  Emma,  Mary  E.  and  Zillie  are  their  children.  P. 
O.,  Fairview. 

David  F((rk-s,  miller,  is  the  son  of  Elijah  and  Sarah  (Conover) 
Parks,  and  was  born  Sept.  10,  1805.  He  received  only  a  common- 
school  education,  but  his  rare  native  ability  has  enabled  him  to  be- 
come successful  in  life.  He  came  to  the  county  in  1849.  He  has 
started  3  mills  since  he  came  to  this  State.  He  has  a  stone  quarry 
on  his  farm,  section  "20,  which  yields  a  good  quality  of  stone.  He 
was  married  in  Feb.,  1830,  and  is  the  parent  of  5  children, — 4  boys 
and  1  girl, — all  of  whom  are  living.  David  A.  and  Elijah  served 
in  Co.  C,  17th  111.  Cavalry,  and  Joseph  W.  was  in  the  55th  111.  Inf. 
P.  O.  address,  Fairview. 

James  X  Parks,  son  of  David  and  Sarah  (Johnson)  Parks,  was  born 
in  Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J.,  Jan.  16,  1832.  He  attended  the  common 
schools  and  received  a  fair  education.  He  came  to  this  county  in 
1849,  and  is  engaged  in  farming  upon  section  19,  having  met  with 
moderate  success.  The  27th  day  of  March,  1857,  was  a  day  full  of 
interest  for  him  and  his  wife,  Sarah  Parks,  nee  Cammann,  for  upon 
that  day  they  were  united  in  marriage.  Walter,  Belle,  Margaret, 
Irene,  Howard  and  Fred  are  their  children.  Mr.  P.  united  with 
the  Lutheran  Church  in  1871. 

Daniel  G.  Polhemus,  retired  farmer,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Fulton 
Co.,  came  in  1837  and  bought  property  and  two  years  later  located 
here  with  his  family.  He  is  the  son  of  Garrett  and  Jane  (Haga- 
man)  Polhemus,  and  was  born  in  Somerset  Co.,  X.  J.,  Nov.  21, 
1795.  He  received  his  education  in  the  common  schools.  As  a 
farmer  he  has  l)ecn  eminently  successful  and  at  present  owns,  after 
giving  to  his  son  132  acres,  385  acres  of  land.  His  farm  is  well 
stocked  and  lias  uiK)n  it  200  head  of  hogs.  He  was  united  in  mar- 
riage with  Maria  Voorhees  Jan.  21,  1821.  She  died  the  mother  of 
10  children, — 4  boys  and  6  girls, — 5  of  whom  only  are  living.  They 
had  a  son  who  served  in  the  lO.Ul  111.  Inf  for  3  years.  Mr  P.  has 
been  a  member  of  the  Reformed  Church  for  half  a  century. 

G.  r.  I'ol/uinits  w-d:^  born  in  Montgomery  township,  Somerset  Co., 
N.  J.,  Oct.  28,  1821.  His  flither,  Daniel",  and  his  mother,  Maria 
(Voorhees)  Polhemus,  were  early  settlers  of  this  county,  G.  Y.  com- 
ing with  them  in  1839.  He  has  engaged  in  farming  since  large 
enough  to  work  and  has  been  (piite  successful.  He  resides  upon 
sec.  28  and  owns  258  acres  of  tine  land.  He  has  served  his  town- 
ship on  the  Board  of  Supervisors  for  3  years  and  as  a  School  Direc- 
tor for  15  years.  Dee.  7,  1848,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Miss  Jane  Y.  Brokaw.     The  union  has  been  blessed  with  8  children. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  639 

— 5  boys  and  3  girl.s, — G  of  whom  are  living.  ]Mr.  P.  lived  in  this 
countv  before  Illinois  had  a  railroad,  and  has  hauled  wheat  in  a 
wau-on  to  C'hieao-o  and  sold  it  for  50  eents  a  bushel. 

Ahratn  M.  Powvhnn. — Among  the  many  respeeted  residents  of 
this  portion  of  Fulton  eounty,  who  eame  from  the  little  State  border- 
ing upon  the  Atlantie,  is  Mr.  Powelson,  who  was  born  in  Somerset 
county,  X.  J.,  May  "20,  183.S.  He  is  the  son  of  Peter  and  Juliet 
(Gray)  Powelson,  who  eame  to  this  township  in  IS-IO,  landing  July 
4.  His  lather  died  the  following  December  and  Abram  though 
young  began  the  pleasant  and  dutiful  task  of  supporting  his  mother. 
This  pleasure  was  not  granted  him  long,  for  by  a  fiital  accident  she 
lost  her  life  bv  beiny;  l)urned  to  death.  When  13  vears  (dd  he  hired 
out  to  work  upon  a  farm  by  the  month,  which  he  continued  till  he 
was  27,  Since,  he  has  been  successful  in  farming  and  at  present  has 
a  goodly  share  of  this  w^orld's  goods.  He  was  married  Sept.  3, 18G1, 
to  Julia  Polhemus.  They  have  two  boys  living  and  one  dead.  Mr. 
P.  is  a  member  of  the  Reformed  Church. 

Lnihcr  Vuinijed,  farmer,  sec.  34 ;  P.  O.,  Fairview ;  was  born  in 
Somerset  Co.,  N.  J.,  June  17,  1828.  His  parents,  Peter  and  Catha- 
rine Sarah  (Stucker)  Pumyea,  were  both  natives  of  the  same  county. 
Mr.  P.  landed  in  Fulton  Co.  when  a  lad  of  8  summers.  He  en- 
gaged in  mercantile  business  for  3  years  in  Fairview,  but  abandoned 
it  for  the  farm.  He  has  visited  the  golden  shore  of  the  Pacific 
and  traveled  elsewhere.  He  drove  a  team  from  New  Jersey  to  Illi- 
nois. He  has  been  twice  married.  First  to  Eleanor  Jones,  wdio 
bore  him  2  children,  both  girls,  and  living.  His  second  wife  was 
Elizabeth  Morse,  who  has  borne  him  one  child. 

Peter  S/deich,  farmer,  is  the  son  of  Jacob  and  Mary  (Webber) 
Shleich,  and  was  born  in  Wurtemburg,  Germany,  April  29,  1841. 
He  canu^  to  America  in  1850  and  5  years  later  came  to  this  county. 
He  attended  the  common  schools,  and  at  the  age  of  24  entered  Hed- 
ding  College,  Abingdon,  111.  He  has  taught  school  for  several 
years  but  is  now  engaged  in  farming,  owning  a  400-acre  farm,  well 
stocked.  When  he  arrived  here  he  could  not  speak  English,  and 
his  father  died  soon  after,  and  Peter  was  jnit  out  to  work.  He 
served  during  the  war  in  Co.  A,  55th  111.  Inf.,  and  was  discharged 
Oct.  31,  1864.  He  participated  in  the  battles  of  Pittsburg  Land- 
ing, Shiloh  and  others.  He  married  ]Marv  E.  Wilson  Sept.  28, 
1870.  Mary  Belle,  Chas.  W.,  John  H.,  and  Ada  Maria  are  their 
children.  He  has  been  a  member  of  the  Reformed  Church  since 
1867.     P.  O.,  Fairview. 

Jonathan  Smith  was  born  in  Madison  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  11,  1808. 
In  1833  he  visited  Fulton  Co.,  and  two  years  later  he  came  and 
raised  a  crop,  and  in  1S37  located  on  sec.  35,  where  he  yet  resides. 
He  began  life  friendless  and  in  poverty,  having  lost  his  parents  and 
possessing  only  a  three-year-old  colt.  At  present  he  has  380 
acres  of  land  in  this  county,  and  480  acres  in  Iowa.  He  began  as 
a  farm  hand  at  first,  at  which  he  worked  for  7  years,  receiving  from 


640  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

$7.50  to  $10  a  raontli.  In  1837  he  was  married  to  Ann  Foster, 
who  has  borne  him  9  children,  8  of  whom  are  living;, — 2  boys  and 
()  j^irls.  One  son  and  4  daughters  are  married.  One  daiifrhter 
married  John  Broadfield,  of  Knox  Co.,  and  were  traveling  through 
Europe  last  year.  John  H.,  a  son,  married  Mary  Wyckoff  the 
present  year  and  resides  in  Marshall  Co.,  Iowa.  Mr.  S.'s  P.  O. 
address  is  Fairview. 

./(lines  Xewton  Suyddin,  postmaster.  On  the  17th  of  April,  183G, 
in  the  State  of  New  Jersey,  there  was  born  to  John  W.  and  Eliza- 
beth S.  Siiydam  a  son,  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  Thirteen  years 
later  he  was  brought  to  this  county.  He  attended  the  common 
sehools  of  his  home  and  then  entered  the  commercial  college  at 
Davenport,  Iowa.  For  17  years  he  Avas  engaged  in  farming;  5 
years  w^s  employed  as  clerk  in  a  store ;  taught  school  for  2  years ; 
embarked  in  the  drug  business  at  Fairview  in  1861,  and  in  1864 
was  appointed  P.  M.,  and  has  held  the  office  ever  since  except  two 
years,  when  Andrew  Johnson  "  swung  him  out."  He  is  a  live,  enter- 
prising citizen.  He  is  leader  of  the  brass  band,  Town  Clerk,  Vil- 
lage Clerk,  Recording  Steward  M.  E.  Church,  Treasurer  of  Bible 
Society  and  Secretary  of  the  Temperance  Society.  In  1860  he  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Cordelia  A.  Morey,  and  in  1877,  June  6, 
he  married  his  second  wife,  Murtie  E.  Spence.  His  home  has  been 
blessed  with  4  children, — 2  boys  and  2  girls, — all  living.  Mr.  S. 
joined  the  Baptist  ChunOi  in  1858,  and  was  immersed  by  Rev.  But- 
terfield.     He  united  with  the  M.  E.  Church  in  1862. 

ir.  G.  Sirartz  was  born  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  Oct.  2,  1825. 
He  first  eame  to  this  county  in  1852.  He  taught  school  for  one  term 
and  returned  to  the  Keystone  State,  but/  was  dissatisfied,  and  in 
1857  again  sought  the  fertile  soil  of  the  Prairie  State.  His  principal 
occuj)ations  have  been  teaching  and  farming.  He  learned  the  tan- 
nery and  currying  trade  and  worked  at  it  for  three  years.  He  first 
settled  in  Young  Hickory  township  on  his  arrival  in  Fulton  Co. 
He  has  been  successful  financially,  and  at  present  owns  253  acres 
of  fine  land.  He  has  filled  t\\o  township  offices  Irom  time  to  time, 
and  for  !■)  years  served  as  J.  P.  He  married  Elizab(>th  Welty,  who 
has  borne  him  3  children, — 2  boys  and  1  girl, — one  of  the  former  is 
dead.     He  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

/.  T).  Sirq/lc,  fiirmer,  sec.  5;  P.  O.,  Fairview;  was  born  in  New 
.Jersey,  Dec.  31,  1827.  His  ]iarents  Avere  Daniel  and  Elizab(>th 
Swegle.  He  eame  to  this  county  as  early  as  183<S,  His  only  advant- 
ages to  procure  an  education  were  at  the  common  and  subscription 
schools.  He  is  naturally  an  energetic,  hard-working  man,  and  has 
injured  himself  by  over  work.  About  20  years  ago  he  suffered  sun 
stroke  and  has  not  been  able  to  work  much  since.  In  1854  he 
was  married  and  has  7  children,  all  living, — 6  boys  and  one  girl. 
He  is  a  member  of  the  ]\I.  E.  Church. 

G.  \V.  Swygcrt,  farmer,  section  29  ;  P.  O.,  Fairview  ;  was  born  in 
Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  June  2,  1820,  and  is  the  son  of  John   and  Susan 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  641 

(Binder)  Swygert.  He  c.uiie  to  this  county  36  year>s  ago.  He  for- 
merly was  engaged  at  his  trade,  that  of  house-carpenter  and  joiner, 
but  abandoned  it  to  till  the  soil.  He  has  served  his  school  district  in 
the  cai)acitv  of  School  Director  for  a  dozen  years.  Dnriiiir  the  winter 
of  1<S44  he  was  niarrie<l  to  Miss  Brokaw,  who  bore  him  (5  chihb'cn, 
— 2  boys  and  4  girls, — o  of  whom  are  living.  Henry  died  at  the 
age  of  17.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Reformed  Church,  and  has  served 
as  a  Deacon  and  Elder. 

rder  TenEijck  is  one  of  the  early  settlers  of  Fulton  Co.  and  de- 
serves more  than  a  passing  notice.  By  economy  and  industry  he  has 
managed  to  accumulate  a  handsome  fortune.  He  was  born  in  Som- 
erset, Co.,  N.  J.,  Aug.  '28,  1808,  and  is  the  son  of  James  and 
Esther  (Hankerson)  Ten  Eyck.  Mr.  T.  was  united  in  marriage 
Nov.  2,  1843,  with  Rebecca  Cox.  They  have  two  children,  son  and 
daughter.  The  former  is  engaged  in  the  practice  of  law  in  Michi- 
gan. Mr.  Ten  Eyck  takes  great  pride  in  his  horses,  of  which  he  has 
a  large  number  of  very  fine  ones.  He  keeps  the  fleet-footed  Clydes- 
dale trotting  horses,  only  for  his  own  driving,  however.  He  has  100 
head  of  fine  cattle,  mostly  thoroughbred.  He  is  a  man  of  great  en- 
ergy and  application  to  his  business.  He  came  to  this  county  in 
1835  and  settled  upon  sec.  33  in  1836.  He  engsiged  in  the  mer- 
cantile business  for  7  years  during  the  infancy  of  Fairvicw,  and  we 
give  his  portrait  in  this  book. 

Thomas  H.  Travers  was  born  in  P>urton,  England,  Feb.  10,  1839. 
He  is  the  son  of  Charles  and  Jane  Travers.  He  came  to  America 
with  his  father  in  1860,  and  five  years  later  located  in  Fulton 
county  and  began  a  most  successful  career.  His  father  returned  to 
England  last  year.  He  began  work  under  most  adverse  circum- 
stances, being  chained  down  by  poverty,  but  by  indomitable  pluck 
and  energy  and  business  judgment  they  have  succeeded  until  now 
they  own  835  acres  of  land,  770  of  it  lying  in  this  county.  The 
father  and  son  have  always  worked  together  as  partners.  Thomas 
has  been  to  California  where  he  has  worked  in  the  gold  mines.  He 
has  a  coal  bank  on  his  farm  here  out  of  which  he  annually  takes  32,- 
000  bushels  of  coal.  He  is  rather  cxtcnsiv(4y  engaged  in  the  manu- 
facture of  eider,  making  from  30,000  to  50,000  gallons  each  season. 
January  20,  1870,  Mr.  T.  was  married  to  Sarah  Augustina  Turner. 
Amy  Jane,  born  Jan.  18,  1872,  and  Agnes,  born  Feb.  1,  1876,  are 
their  children.     P.  O.,  Fairvicw. 

Lewis  M.  Turner,  farmer,  sec.  21  ;  P.  ().,  Fairvicw;  is  the  son  of 
Elisha  W.  Turner,  and  was  born  in  Lafavette  Co.,  Wis.  'He  came 
to  this  county  in  1865,  and  has  been  moderately  successful  in  his 
occupation.  He  enjoyed  only  the  benefits  of  a  common-school  edu- 
cation.     In  1878  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Mary  Hauscr. 

Abrahcuii  Van  iJoren,  farmer,  sec.  3;  P.O.,  Farmington ;  is  a 
native  of  Somerset  county,  N.  J.,  where  he  was  born  Nov.  9,  1838. 
He  is  the  son  of  John  K.  and  Maria  (Cox)  Van  Doren.  He  at- 
tended the  common  schools  of  this  county  and  gleaned  therefrom 


642  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

his  education.  He  has  served  in  several  htcal  offices.  March  4, 
1862,  is  a  day  to  him  ever  to  be  remembered,  for  upon  that  date  he 
was  united  in  marriage  with  Sarah  Elizabeth  Hall. 

John  Van  Licir,  farmer,  was  born  in  Somerset  county,  X.  J.,  Jan. 
11,  1828.  He  is  the  son  of  Cornelius  and  Ann  (Suydam)  Van 
Liew.  He  had  only  the  advantages  of  the  common  schools  of  his 
native  State  for  an  education.  He  began  to  work  for  himself  at 
farming  at  the  age  of  22,  and  has  continued  at  it  since  and  has  been 
successful.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1854  and  has  held  some  of 
the  local  offices.  He  was  married  in  1856,  Jan.  17,  to  Miss  Mary 
Polhemus,  who  has  borne  him  8  children, — 2  boys  and  1  girl, 
Daniel,  (\)rnelius  and  Maria.  Mr.  V.  is  a  member  of  the  Reform- 
ed Church. 

Abram  Voorhees  was  born  March  25,  1834,  in  Xew  Jersey.  He 
is  the  son  of  Jacob  and  Jane  Voorhees  and  came  to  this  county 
Aug.  16,  1848.  He  received  his  education  in  the  common  schools 
in  Indiana.  He  engaged  in  farming  until  thirteen  years  ago  when 
he  eml)arked  in  the  grocery  and  drug  business.  He  has  been  suc- 
cessful in  life.  He  was  married  Dec.  22,  1853.  They  have  5  chil- 
dren,— four  boys  and  one  girl.  He  has  held  several  of  the  town- 
ship official  positions. 

John  Voorhees^  Jr.,  was  born  in  Xew  Jersey  July  25,  1836.  He 
is  the  son  of  Jacob  and  Jane  Voorhees,  who  came  to  this  county 
Aug.  16,  1848.  He  received  a  common-school  education  principally 
in  this  county,  and  is  engaged  in  farming.  He  has  carried  on  mer- 
cantile business  for  several  years  himself  and  dealt  in  real  estate  not 
a  little.  He  is  at  })resent  engaged  as  clerk  in  a  dry-goods  and  gro- 
cery store.  He  has  served  as  School  Trustee  for  6  years ;  a  Dea- 
con in  the  Reformed  Church  and  also  Superintendent  of  the  Sun- 
day-s('h(>(»l.  He  was  married  Dec.  23,  1858,  to  X\aomi  Schanck. 
To  them  have  been  born  3  girls,  the  youngest,  little  Mabel,  was  born 
Nov.  4,  1876. 

A.  I).  nVAvo/i,  farmer,  P.  O.,  Fairview ;  was  born  in  the  State  of 
Xew  Jersey  March  11,  1831,  and  is  a  son  of  Rev.  A,  D.  and  Jidia 
Wilson.  He  was  brought  to  the  county  in  1838,  and  at  the  com- 
mon schools  of  Fairview  received  his  education.  At  the  age  of  23 
he  entered  the  agricultural  i)ursuit  for  himself,  and  has  succeeded  in 
it.  He  is  School  Director  and  has  served  as  such  for  0  years  Feb. 
9,  1X54,  he  took  uut(»  himself  a  wife  in  the  person  of  ^larv  X'^egly. 
Katie,  John,  Lulu,  Maggie,  Harry  M.,  Xeeley  and  Mamie  are  their 
children.' 

//.  M.  B.  Wilson,  farmer,  was  born  at  Xorth  Branch,  X.  J., 
April  21,  1837.  Although  Mr.  W.  has  chosen  farming  as  his  occu- 
pation, his  father  educated  him  for  the  ministry.  He  attended  the 
college  at  Xew  Hrunswiek,  and  also  Knox  College,  Galesburg.  Mr. 
W.  is  by  no  means  an  old  man,  yet  deserves  to  be  classed  among 
the  ])ioneers  of  this  county.  His  father  was  the  well-known  Rev. 
A.  D.  Wilson,  who  organized  the  congregation   of  the   Dutch  Re- 


i'^^X^M 


THE  SECOND    COURT-HOUSE 

AS  IT  STANDS   TO-DAY 


.-ji^^'ii-i}^^^-    ■/, 


„._. ^ „,.,        ..    •tJrTjtet^i 


^:S!.^^'■■^■,r.^l■r■^^ 


LI 


OF  THE 
.NiVEHblTY  OF  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY    OF    FUI/rON    COUNTY.  G45 

formed  Church  west  of  the  Alleghany  Mountaiiiis.  The  Rev.  Mr. 
W.  came  to  this  county  in  1837,  so  our  subject  has  spent  almost  his 
entire  life  here.  He  was  married  in  Feb.,  1  <S7()  and  has  o  children, — 
Oscar  L.,  Bertha  and  Loda.  He  has  represented  his  township  in 
the  Board  of  Suj)ervis()rs. 

John  E.  Wilson  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  Jersey  Dec.  22, 
1833.  He  is  the  son  of  the  zealous  and  widely-known  Rev.  A.  D. 
Wilson.  His  mother's  name  was  Julia  Wilson.  No  man  did  more 
to  establish  the  Reformed  Church  in  the  West  than  Rev.  A.  I).  Wil- 
son, and  his  memory  is  held  in  ])leasant  and  sacred  remembrance  by 
thousands.  John  E.  came  to  the  county  in  1838  and  has  resided 
here  since.  Mr.  W.  is  engaged  in  farming  upon  sec.  32.  For  3 
rears  he  followed  the  mercantile  business.  In  financial  matters  he 
has  been  moderately  successful.  He  first  married  Maria  Rodener, 
and  Feb.  14,  1860,  was  married  to  Nettie  Hamrick.  Abraham, 
George,  Daniel  and  Julia  are  their  children. 

Jolin  Wilson,  farmer;  P.  ().,  Fairview;  was  born  in  Hunterdon 
Co.,  N.  J.,  Oct.  25,  180(5,  and  is  the  son  of  Achilles  and  Ann  Wil- 
son. His  fither  died  wUen  he  was  o  years  old  and  when  10  he  was 
bound  out.  When  15  he  commenced  to  learn  the  blacksmith  trade. 
He  has  succeeded  in  life  and  now  owns  245  acres  of  land,  which  he 
has  made  by  his  own  labor  and  exertion.  His  wife's  given  name  is 
Tvucretia.  Sarah  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Peter  Goom,  is  their  only  child. 
Mr.  W.  has  filled  several  of  the  local  offices.  Politically  he  is  a 
Democrat. 

./.  L.  Wolford,  farmer,  sec.  0  ;  P,  ().,  Midway  ;  was  born  in  Wash- 
ington Co.,  Ind.,  June  5,  1851.  He  is  the  son  of  Daniel  and  Mary 
Elizabeth  (Masters)  Wolford,  and  was  brought  to  this  county  at  the 
earlv  a";e  of  3  years.  Feb.  22,  1877,  is  a  memorable  dav  in  his 
life,  for  upon  that  date  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  P]llen 
Wyckoff'.     Ida  Ethel  was  l)oru  to  them  Dec.  27,  1878. 

Cornelius  Wi/cl:oJf',  Jr.,  dealer  in  hardware,  farming  im})lements, 
etc.,  was  born  Aug.  11,  1823,  in  Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J.,  and  came  to 
Fulton  Co,  ^Nlarch  18,  185G.  He  learned  the  carriage-making  trade 
in  New  York,  but  has  spent  the  greater  portion  of  his  life  farming. 
He  was  married  Dec.  10,  1847,  to  Sarah  V.  Hagaman.  They  have 
a  family  of  5  children, — 4  girls  and  one  boy, — all  of  whom  are  liv- 
ing. He  joined  the  I*rcsbyterian  Church  in  1846,  and  ten  years 
later  united  with  the  Reformed  Church  at  Fairview,  of  which  he 
has  been  Elder,  and  a  member  of  the  'J'own  Board  several  times, 
and  School  Trustee  in  Joshua  tp.  for  11  years. 

John  P.  Wifckoff,  farmer,  sec.  32 ;  P.  O.,  Fairview ;  was  born  in 
Somerset  county,  N.  J.,  Sept.  7,  1842,  and  is  the  son  of  Simon  and 
Mary  WyckoiF.  He  came  to  Fulton  county  in  1864.  He  enlisted 
to  defend  our  dear  and  sacred  old  flag  in  the  30th  New  Jersey  In- 
fantry, Co.  K,  and  served  until  1863.  He  was  Corporal  and  Color- 
bearer.     He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Addie  Elkins  Feb. 

39 


646  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

6,  1866.  Jennie,  Bayard,  Addie  and  Louis  are  their  children.  Mr. 
W.  is  a  member  of  the  Ref<irnH'd  Chiircli,  witli  wliich  he  united  in 
1872. 

Simon  Wyckof  was  burn  in  the  State  of  New  Jersey  Sept.  10, 
1806.  He  was  the  son  of  Simon  and  Sophia  (Van  Dorn)  Wyekoff, 
and  came  to  this  county  May  15,  1H65.  His  education  was  limited 
to  the  common  schools  of  Soinerset  county,  X,  J.  He  has  enjjatrcd 
in  farmintr  ahnost  all  of  his  life  ;  but  lias  retired  and  lives  at  hisi)leas- 
aut  residence  in  Fairview,  yet  still  owns  a  farm.  He  is  one  of  those 
quiet  good  men  whom  every  one  respects  and  loves  to  honor.  He 
was  married  Oct.  1,  1820,  and  has  8  children  livinp;, — o  boys  and  3 
girls.  He  united  with  the  Reformed  T'liurcii  in  1827.  Politically 
he  is  a  Republican,  but  always  desirous  to  vote  for  the  best  man. 

S.  T.  Wi/ckof,  son  of  S.  S.  and  Sarah  Ann  (Perbasco)  Wyekoff, 
was  born  in  Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J.,  Dec.  23,  1830.  Eight  years 
later  he  w^as  brought  to  this  county,  where  he  has  continued  to 
reside  since.  He  has  generally  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits,  and 
at  present  owns  a  farm.  He  has,  however,  engaged  for  a  period  of 
3  years  in  mercantile  business  at  Fairview,  wdiere  he  now  resides. 
He  has  served  as  School  Director,  and  a  member  of  the  Town  Board 
of  Fairview  for  6  years.  He  was  married  Sept.  15,  1859.  He  is  a 
member  of  the  Reformed  Church. 


TOAVNSIilP    OFFICIALS. 

The  following  gentlemen  have  served  the  township  in  the  various 
official  capacities  named.  The  years  of  serving  are  given,  and 
where  more  than  one  date  is  op])ositc  a  name,  covering  a  period  of 
years,  it  indicates  that  the  official  served  during  the  intervening 
years : 

SLPKUVISOKS. 

T.  M.  Morse ISoO  T.  M.  Morse 18(>7-(50 

W.  T.  Van.loventer lS.")l-o2  John  V;in  Liew IS70 

D.  M.  Wyckod" isri.',  H.  M.  11  Wilson 1871 

Frederick  CrustM- ]S.)4-55  G.  V.  I'olhcnuis lS7l.'-74 

B.  S.Ramsev 1S56  James  Davis 1875-79 

J.  8.  Downiii 18o7-()f) 

TOWN    CI.KltKS. 

J.  V.  1).  P..  Vnn  norn 1850  Theodore  Pumvea  1865 

Daniel  (jroenendvkc 1851  J.  S.  Wvckofl' 18(56 

J.  V.  D.  B.  Van  Dorn 1852  S.   F.  Slider 1867 

J.  H.  Peirsol  185P,  J.  S.  Wvckoff 18(18-70 

D.  M.  WvckofT 1854  J.  N.  Suvdain 1871 

J.  V.  D.  B.  Van  Dorn 1855-59  Simon  Wvckoff 1872-73 

J.  S.  Wvckoff 1860-62  Ira  H.  Voorhees 1874 

Edward  (ox 1863  J.   F.   McClain 1875-76 

George  Tavlor 1864  lf>a  H,  Voorhees 1877-79 


HISTOKY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY. 


647 


ASSESSORS. 


Peter   Puniyea 1850 

Frederick  Cruser 1851-53 

Thomas  Foster 1854 

J.Y.  D.  B.  Van  Dorn 1855-56 

E.  E.  Wi'st 1S57-G0 

Archibald   McCrea 1860 


John  Tipton 1861-64 

David  Shreves 1865-72 

E.  E.  West 1873-74 

J.  S.  Downin 1875 

E.  E.  West 1876-79 


COLLECTORS. 


Edward  Cox 1850 

Isaac  Shreves 1851 

J.  S.  Pumyea ..  1852 

Isaac  Shreves 1853 

John  Tipton 1854-60 

E.  E.  West 1861-62 

Asher  Pratt 1863-64 

John  Tipton 1865-66 

S.  V.  Bobinson 1867-69 


H.  M.  B.  Wilson 1870 

Abrara     Voorhees 1871-72 

J.  H.  Dunn 1873-74 

Abram  Eldert 1875 

Joseph  Wyckoff 1876 

J.  V.  D.  Davis 1877 

John  Armstrong 1878 

S.  D.  Alpaugh 1879 


FARMERS'  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  is  well  timhcrcd  niul  watorod,  and  is  underlaid 
with  strata  of  exeellent  bitmninoiis  eoal.  The  greater  part  of  the 
surfoee  is  very  broken,  although  the  western  and  southern  portion 
consists  of  gently  undulating  prairie,  the  soil  of  which  is  the  regular 
Illinois  prairie  soil. 

The  first  settler  to  locate  in  Farmers'  townshij)  was  John  Barker, 
who  came  in  1829.  For  further  infbrniatiou  concerning  him,  we  re- 
fer the  reader  to  the  personal  sketches  of  John  and  Joseph  Barker 
given  further  on. 

The  township  received  its  name  in  thiswise:  The  assessment 
made  ])revious  to  the  organization  of  the  township  in  18")()  showed 
that  the  farmers  in  this  comnuuiity  had  produced  more  grain  than 
any  other  precinct  in  the  county.  Accordingly,  when  the  time  came 
for  naming  the  township  some  on  account  of  this  fact  pro])osed  the 
name  of  Wheatland.  Others  for  the  same  reason  suggested  the  name 
of  Farmers'.  This  was  received  with  greater  favor  and  the  name 
was  ado[)ted.  Another  version  as  to  the  origin  of  the  name  is  re- 
lated by  an  old  settler  now  residing  in  this  townshij),  as  follows : 
"This  was  a  good  forming  country,"  he  said, ''and  almost  every 
])erson  who  lived  here  was  farmers,  and  we  called  the  votin'  ]ire- 
cinct  Farmers'  Precinct;  and  when  the  township  was  organized  we 
jist  let  it  be  the  same."  The  first  school  in  the  township  was  taught 
by  Miss  Fleanor  Kutledge,  who  afterwards  became  Mrs.  John  Barker. 
The  first  death  to  occur  was  that  of  Fnos  Rutledge,  who  was  buried 
in  the  liarker  ( 'emetcry.  .loseph  Barker  has  l)een  living  in  the  town- 
ship) longer  than  ony  one  else  has.  The  first  Churcii  organized 
was  of  the  Baptist  denomination,  and  was  organized  June  9,  1835. 
The  society  afterwards  erected  a  log  house,  which  was  used  for  both 
church  and  sciiool  purposes  for  many  years.  This  building  is  still 
standing,  owned  by  Thomas  Walters,  jr.,  and  was  used  as  a  dwell- 
ing by  him  until  tlic  fall  oi' 1879.  TJie  first  school-house  (a  small 
log  cabin)  was  erected  in  1883.  The  benches  were  made  of  split 
logs  and  the  floor  of  puncheons.  The  fire-place  occupied  one  side 
of  the  house  and  the  only  window  consisted  of  a  log  being  removed 
from  one  side. 

The  St.  Louis  division  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  railroad  crosses  one 
corner  of  the  township,  making  its  only  (own,  Table  Grove,  a  lively 
little  business  j)lace. 


HISTORY    OF    FUT.TOX    COUNTY.  649 

A  very  exciting  incident  i?*  related  by  Peter  AValters,  of  an  en- 
counter his  mother  once  had  with  a  wihl  hog.  In  those  early  days 
the  wild  hogs  were  numerous  and  troublesome.  While  Mr.  AValters 
was  absent  from  home  one  day  a  hog  came  to  the  vard  fence,  and 
seeing  the  cow  inside  concluded  to  have  some  steak  for  dinner;  ac- 
cordingly he  scaled  the  fence  and  assaulted  the  cow,  and  was  in  a 
fair  way  to  succeed  when  Mrs.  A\'alters  seized  the  gun,  ran  out  and 
shot  the  ferocious  animal ;  he  ran  oif  with  but  little  if  any  dam- 
age, as  she  supposed,  but  was  found  dead  near  by  soon  afterward. 

The  above  was  not  the  only  adventure  that  this  heroine  of  Fulton 
county  had  during  its  pioneer  days.  In  the  very  first  days  after 
the  settlers  came  the  Indians  were  not  only  numerous  but  very 
troublesome,  especially  in  regard  to  begging  and  stealing.  On  one 
occasion,  while  on  a  begging  tour,  these  pests  stopped  at  the  resi- 
dence of  Mr.  Walters,  as  usual,  to  ask  for  some  meat.  Now,  Mrs. 
Walters  was  a  very  generous  old  soul,  but  at  this  particular  time 
her  meat  supply  was  nearly  exhausted ;  hence  she  refused  to  give 
them  any.  Among  the  Indians  was  a  very  impudent  squaw,  who 
insisted  bevond  all  reason  that  Mrs.  W.  should  y-ive  them  some 
meat.  The  generous  woman  finally  concluded  to  give  her  a  small 
piece,  and  went  up  stairs  to  procure  the  meat,  when  the  squaw  in- 
stantly followed.  jSIrs.  Walters  turned  and  told  her  to  go  back,  but 
she  persisted,  and  was  pressing  her  way  up  the  narrow  ladder,  when 
Mrs.  Walters  seized  a  loose  board,  which  was  lying  on  the  u])i)er 
floor,  and  dealt  her  such  a  blow  that  Mrs.  Squaw  came  tumbling 
down  to  the  floor,  receiving  many  bruises.  The  Indians  aj)preciated 
the  good  woman's  kindness  and  admired  her  courage,  which  they 
all  demonstrated  with  one  voice,  crying  out,  "White  s({uaw  heap 
big  brave, — ha,  ha,  ha!"  The  squaw,  greatly  enraged,  rose  and 
drew  her  scalping-knife,  threatening  to  kill  Mrs.  Walters;  where- 
U])on  Mr.  AValters  interfered,  seized  the  knife,  drew  it  across  her 
throat  until  the  blood  oozed  out  in  places,  and  then  taking  her  bv 
the  hair  and  an  arm  threw  her  headlong  out  of  doors.  Mrs.  AA''al- 
ters  gave  them  the  meat,  when  all  left  hajijiy  and  satisfied,  except 
the  enraged   s(juaw.     The   AValters  fiimily  was  not   molested  again. 

It  will  be  interesting  to  all  our  readers  to  learn  of  the  encounter 
Mr.  Enos  Tarter  once  had  with  a  deer.  Nov.  17,  ISol,  while  rid- 
ing home  from  a  day's  threshing  with  his  machine,  he  discovered  a 
very  large  deer  crossing  the  road  a  short  distance  ahead.  He 
thought  that  an  excellent  opportunity  for  having  some  fun,  and  ac- 
cordingly })ut  spurs  to  his  old  horse  that  worked  on  the  threshing 
machine,  and  came  up  to  the  deer  in  the  tall  grass,  and  attempted 
to  strike  him  (lown  with  his  knife,  but  it  being  blunt,  he  failed  in  that. 
Then  he  took  the  deer  by  the  tail,  and  at  this  ])art  of  the  drama  the 
animal  turned  and  horned  the  horse,  which  caused  him  to  make  a 
sudden  turn,  and  Air.  Tarter  was  dragged  ofl".  Now,  Mr.  Tarter 
and  the  nimble  deer  had  a  close  encounter,  both  fighting  hard  for 
their  lives.  They  had  it  round  and  round,  ]Mr.  Tarter  holding  on  to 


650  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

his  "  tail  hold,"  until  they  both  found  themselves  head  to  heels  in 
a  ditch,  with  Mr.  Tarter  on  toj).  Every  time  the  deer  tried  to 
rise  up  he  pressed  his  enemy  against  the  overhaniring;  turf,  render- 
ing his  eiforts  fruitless.  Finally,  about  10:30  J*,  m.,  he  killed  the 
deer,  and  reached  home  at  11  o'clock,  with  a  pair  of  pants  and  a 
piece  of  a  shirt  on.  He  still  carries  a  sore  on  his  head  from  a 
wound  he  received  by  the  hoof  of  the  animal  in  this  conflict.  The 
horns  of  this  deer  are  still  on  exhibition  in  the  office  of  the  County 
Treasurer  in  Ijcwistown. 

Mr.  Tarter,  on  another  occasion,  caught  a  deer  by  the  fore  leg  as 
it  was  jumping  over  the  fence. 

Laurel  Hill,  more  commonly  known  as  Table  Grove,  is  situated 
on  a  beautiful  eminence,  overlooking  as  fine  prairie  country  to  the 
north  and  west  as  human  eye  ever  beheld.  This  is  a  thrifty  little  • 
village  of  about  300  inhabitants,  containing  more  enterprising  busi- 
ness men,  doubtless,  than  any  village  of  like  dimensions  in  the 
State  of  Illinois.  It  was  founded  in  1838  by  James  Spicer,  Benja- 
min Windham  and  Caleb  Dilworth.  James  Spicer  built  the  first 
house,  which  ho  sold  to  John  Bartholomew  in  1841.  The  first  store 
was  kept  by  Wm.  Lovell.  Then  came  the  era  of  schools  and 
churches.  A  school-house  was  erected  in  1845,  in  which  the  well- 
remembered  Simon  Breed  taught  the  first  school.  This  was  during 
the  days  when  the  rod  and  ferule  were  swayed  by  all  pedagogues  as 
indispensable  disciplinarians.  As  early  as  1851  there  was  a  Church 
organization  in  the  Grove,  of  which  we  speak  below.  The  village 
now  contains  7  business  houses,  besides  a  good  hotel,  2  meat 
markets,  2  slioe  shops,  a  saddle  and  harness  shop,  2  milliner  sho])s,  a 
wagon  and  ])aint-sho]),  a  blacksmith  shop,  a  well-stocked  lumber 
yard  and  a  flouring  mill. 

CHURCHES. 

Table  Grove  Christian  Church  was  founded  and  organized  upon 
the  third  Lord's  Day  of  June,  1851,  by  Elder  J.  H.  Hughes,  now 
deceased,  with  Wm.  Mc  Daniel,  Elder;  Asa  Harland,  G.  F.  Hen- 
dricksou.  Deacons.  This  society  worshiped  in  the  old  school-house 
in  the  Grove  until  the  erection  of  the  new  school-house  in  1845, 
when  the  latter  was  used  until  the  erection  of  the  present  structure 
bv  the  societv.  This  congregation  grew  and  ]n'ospored  and  l)e('ame 
one  of  the  largest  and  most  influential  in  the  county.  The  sad 
hour  of  trouble,  however,  visited  it,  and  during  the  last  two  or  three 
years  it  has  suflered  materially.  For  many  years  Elder  Henry 
Smither  officiated  as  Pastor  of  this  Church. 

Table  Grove  Universdlixf  Church  was  organized  Feb.  22,  18(38, 
with  51  members.  The  first  officials  were  :  Trustees — Thomas  Berry, 
J.  R.  Harris,  J.  H.  Harris,  Orian  Moore,  and  Nelson  Whedon  ; 
George  Hughes,  Treasurer;  and  G.  W.  Battin,  Clerk.  Rev. 
John  Hughes  was  first  Pastor.     The  founding  of  this  Church  was 


HISTORY   OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  651 

the  result  of  a  debate  held  here  between  Rev.  J.  Hughes  and  Elder 
J.  C.  Reynolds,  of  Macomb.  The  congregation  has  a  beautiful 
church  edifice  located  in  Table  Grove.  The  building  and  grounds 
are  valued  at  §7,000.     The  present  membership  is  107. 

PERSONAL    HISTORY. 

The  personal  history  of  Farmers'  township  is  both  interesting  and 
instructive,  and  we  will  not  fail  to  record  it.  It  would  give  us 
pleasure  to  speak  even  at  greater  length  than  we  do,  but  the  large 
number  and  limited  space  forbids. 

Sarah  Abernathy ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove;  was  born  in  Sangamon 
Co.,  111.,  Dec.  25,  1830.  Her  father,  Samuel  Powell,  was  a  native 
of  Ohio,  and  an  early  settler, — in  fact  one  of  the  first  settlers  of 
Sangamon  county.  Her  mother,  Elizabeth  Powell,  was  also  a 
native  of  Ohio :  both  are  now  dead.  Her  educational  advantages 
were  very  limited.  She  was  married  to  John  Abernathy  Dec.  18, 
1858,  in  Fulton  Co.  They  had  7  children,  of  whom  6  are  living, 
viz :  James  L.,  Mary  E.,  Joseph  A.,  Wm.  H.,  Geo.  C.  and  Samuel 
M.  Her  Imsband,  John  Abernathy,  was  born  in  Ross  Co.,  O.,  Nov. 
15, 1824,  and  was  the  son  of  James  Abernathy,  a  native  of  Va.,  and 
came  to  Fulton  Co.  with  his  family  when  John  was  but  12  years  old, 
which  was  in  183().  They  settled  in  Farmers'  township,  where  John 
resided,  a  i^romincnt  farmer  and  stock-raiser  until  his  death,  which 
occurred  Jan.  11,  1869.  He  was  an  enterprising  man,  well  res])ected 
by  his  friends  and  neighbors.  Mary  E.  Abernathy  resides  with  her 
mother  and  brother. 

Dr.  A.  J.  Bacon  was  born  in  McDonough  Co.,  111.,  Sept.  28, 
1836;  received  a  common-sc^hool  education;  reared  on  a  farm  until 
he  was  21  years  old,  when  he  began  reading  medicine;  in  the  win- 
ter of  1859-60  attended  the  Eclectic  Medical  College  of  Cincinnati, 
O. ;  in  March,  1860,  he  began  the  practice  of  medicine,  locating  in 
Ipava,  where  he  remained  one  year,  and  then  removed  to  Table 
Grove,  where  he  has  since  practiced  with  good  success.  He 
graduated  at  the  Rush  Medical  College  in  Chicago  in  18(55.  He 
married,  in  1857,  Miss  M.  Durham,  by  whom  he  had  one  daughter, 
Carrie,  now  the  wife  of  John  Le(»nard,  of  this  [)Iace.  Mrs.  Bacon 
died  in  1860,  and  Mr.  B.  married  again  May  4,  1863,  and  they  have 
one  child,  Nellie,  now  13  years  of  age.  Mr.  Bacon's  father,  Charles 
Bacon,  was  one  of  the  first  settlers  in  McDonough  county,  and  like 
others,  suff'r(Ml  manv  hirdshijis  and  jirivations  in  ]),iving  the  way 
for  the  future  prosperity  of  their  i'aniily. 

C/ias.  E.  Barker^  sec.  7,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove ;  was 
born  April  4,  1842,  in  this  township,  the  son  of  John  Barker,  the 
first  settler  here.  He  was  accustomed  to  the  lot  of  jiioneer  boys, 
and  hence  his  educational  advantages  were  very  limited.  He  owns 
a  half  interest  in  300  acres  of  land,  and  is  a  prosperous  fiirmer  and 
stock-raiser  of  Farmers'  township.  He  was  married  April  19, 
1866,  to    Mary    E.    Pontious,    daughter    of  Andrew   Pontious,  of 


652  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Page  Co.,  Iowa.     They  have  5  children  living, — Leonard  W.,  Ira 
C,  Willie  L.,  Harry  and  Perry,  besides  one  deceased. 

Geo.  B.  Barker  was  born  in  Farmers'  tp.  Aug.  26,  1838;  son  of 
Joseph  Barker,  mentioned  a  little  furtiier  on.  Like  other  pioneer 
boys,  he  was  familiar  with  hunting  deer,  wolves  and  other  wild 
animals  that  were  then  so  numerous  in  Illinois.  His  educational 
advantages  were  limited.  Mr.  Barker  was  raised  to  hard  work, 
having  cleared  a  great  deal  of  land  out  of  the  l)rush.  He  is  now  a 
farmer  comfortably  situated,  owning  a  half  interest  in  300  acres  of 
valuable  land.  He  was  married  Jan,  16,  1862,  to  Margaret  C. 
Frizzell,  daughter  of  Johnsy  Frizzell,  of  McDonough  county. 
They  have  had  9  children,  of  whom  7  are  living,  viz :  Luella,  Ezra 
L.,  Lewis  F.,  Emily  C,  Carrie,  Lucy  M.  and  an  infant  girl.  Sec. 
7,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove. 

John  W.  Barker  was  born  in  Pike  Co.,  O.,  April  15,  1819.  His 
father  brought  his  family  to  Illinois  when  our  subject  was  but  6 
montlis  old.  While  they  lived  at  Fort  Clark  there  were  but  3  white 
families  there.  For  further  particulars  of  their  removals,  etc.,  see 
biography  of  his  brother  Joseph  Barker,  next  mentioned.  His 
father,  John  Barker,  came  to  this  township  in  '27,  leaving  his  fam- 
ily on  Totten's  Prairie,  except  John  and  his  mother  whom  he 
brought  along  with  him.  John  was  quite  small,  but  has  vivid 
recollections  of  sleeping  in  an  old  Indian  wigwam,  and  of  seeing 
his  father  break  prairie  with  an  ox  team.  The  old  gentleman  planted 
several  acres  of  sod  corn,  but  reaped  nothing  from  it,  as  the  wild 
hogs  destroyed  the  entire  crop.  John  W.  was  married,  in  1841,  to 
Rachel  Harris,  by  whom  he  had  2  children, — Warren  and  Harriet. 
Mrs.  Barker  died  Dec.  1,  1842.  He  again  married  in  1849,  this 
time  to  Eliza  8.  Brand,  by  Avhom  he  had  8  children, — Mary  J.,  La- 
fayette, John  S.,  A\'illiam  M.  (deceased)  and  Geo.  M.,  twins,  Frank- 
lin (deceased),  Wm.  F.  and  Sarah  E.  Win.  F.  and  Sarah  E.  are  at 
home  with  their  father.  Mrs.  Barker  died  Feb.  18,  1877.  Mr. 
Barker  owns  240  acres  of  valuable  land,  and  is  a  successful  farmer 
and  stock-raiser. 

Joseph  Barker,  sec.  18,  Farmers'  tp. ;  I*.  ().,  Table  Grove.  The 
Barkers  were  the  first  settlers  in  Farmers'  township.  Their  nearest 
neighbors  were  the  Tottens  in  Cass  tp.,  a  distance  of  9  miles.  He 
was  l)orn  in  Pike  Co.,  ().,  Oct.  30, 1816.  His  parents  brought  him 
to  Fort  Clark,  where  Peoria  now  stands,  in  1819;  there  they  re- 
sided until  1827,  when  they  removed  to  Totten's  Prairie  in  Cass 
township,  and  in  1829,  as  before  .stated,  became  the  first  pioneers  of 
Farmers'  townshij).  Mr.  Barker  is  a  hale  old  gentleman  of  63 
vears,  making  a  full  hand  at  the  different  emplovments  on  the  farm. 
He  owns  a  well  imjjroved  farm  of  129  acres  of  very  fertile  land. 
He  was  married  Feb.  21,  1844,  to  Priscilla  McKinzey,  and  they 
have  had  10  children,  of  whom  5  are  living,  viz :  Roanna  (wife  of 
James  E.  I^rand,  <jf  Farmers'  tp.),  Elizabeth  E.  (wife  of  Isaac 
Pickle,  of  Guthrie,  la.),  Josephine    (wife  <tf  Benton   McCance,  of 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  653 

Harris  tp.),  Daniel  E.  and  Joseph  M.     Mr.  B.  has  always  been,  and 
is  still  a  prosperous  farmer. 

Lafai/cftc  Jiarkcr,  P.  C,  Table  Grove;  res.,  sec.  17,  Farmers'  tp. ; 
was  born  in  Fulton  Co.  April  2;],  1851,  son  of  John  AV.  Barker. 
Mr.  Barker  received  a  common-school  education  in  Fulton  Co.,  after 
which  he  attended  the  Business  College  of  St.  Joseph,  Mo.,  and 
graduated  there  Nov.  2,  1870.  He  was  married,  May  7,  1874,  to 
Frances  Steel,  daughter  of  Graft  Steel,  formerly  of  Bushnell.  This 
union  has  been  blessed  with  three  children,  viz  :  Ora  M.,  Melvin  and 
Bessie.  Mr.  B.  is  a  prominent  school-teacher  of  this  township  and 
parts  of  McDonough  Co.  He  is  at  present  farming,  yet  his  old 
school  patrons  are  constantly  requesting  him  to  resume  teaching. 

Samuel  Bam/hmnn,  sec.  18;  P.O.,  Table  (xrove ;  was  educated 
in  the  common  schools  here.  In  August,  18G2,  he  enlisted  in  Co. 
F,  103d  I.  V.  I.,  and  honorably  discharged  July  7,  1865.  He  par- 
ticipated in  twenty  battles,  among  which  were  the  following:  Mis- 
sion Ridge,  Kcncsaw  INlountain,  siege  of  Atlanta  and  many  others. 
He  was  married  Sept.  10,  18G8,  to  Mary  J.  Carlin,  by  whom  he  has 
3  children, — Wm.  Perry,  Mary  R.  and  Sarah  E.  They  are  very 
intelligent  children,  especially  Mary  R.,  who  has  great  literary 
talent. 

Alvin  Bos.^ort ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove;  was  brought  here  by  his 
parents  when  but  3  years  old,  which  was  in  1850.  He  received  a 
common-school  education,  and  is  the  sou  of  Daniel  Bossort  of  Farm- 
ers' township.  Alvin  was  raised  a  farmer,  and  is  now  engaged  in 
farming  and  stock-raising,  in  which  he  has  been  eminently  success- 
ful. He  was  married,  Aug.  22,  1872,  to  Martha  A.  Carlin,  daugh- 
ter of  Mr.  Thomas  Carlin  of  Farmers'  tp.  They  have  four  children, 
viz :  Mary  E.,  Mattie  R.,  Jennie  M.  and  Katie  M. 

Wilford  E.  ^o;yer  was  born  Sept.  20,  1845,  in  Fayette  Co.,  Pa., 
and  is  the  son  of  Frederick  l)()yer,  of  Bureau  Co.,  111.  INIr.  Boyer 
was  married  Aj)ril  5,  18GG,  to  Eliza  J.  Miner,  daughter  of  John  F. 
Miner,  of  McDonough  Co.  He  is  a  prominent  farmer  and  stock- 
raiser  of  Farmers'  township,  on  section  16.  He  has  filled  the  dif- 
ferent township  offices,  and  is  the  j)resent  Supervisor.  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Boyer  have  7  children, — J^ucy,  Parkie,  Miner,  Mary,  Susie, 
Annie  and  Ethel.  Mr.  B.  is  a  man  of  a  literary  turn  of  mind,  and 
keeps  well  posted  in  the  current  affairs  of  the  day.  P.  O.,  Table 
Grove. 

WUJiam  Qwiflien-t,  of  the  iirm  of  W.  &  J.  Carithers,  merchants, 
Table  Grove.  When  the  red  man  and  the  deer  sported  through  the 
forests  of  Farmers'  tp.,  William  Carithers,  sen.,  emigrated  hither 
with  his  family  and  settled  on  sec.  33.  He  became  a  prominent 
farmer,  adding  to  his  little  homestead  until  he  left  320  acres  of  val- 
uable land  to  his  heirs.  He  died  Feb.  14,  1851,  at  the  age  of  50 
years,  leaving  to  his  widow  a  family  of  7  children,  6  boys  and  1 
girl.  Mrs.  C.  is  still  living  on  the  old  home  place,  at  the  age  of  62 
years.     There   has   been  no  death  in  the  family  since  the   death   of 


654  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

Mr.  C.  The  boys  are  all  hap]iily  settled  around  near  the  old  home- 
stead, transacting  business  for  themselves.  Robert  is  a  baciielor 
farmer  of  MeDonough  Co.,  owning  200  acres  of  \vell-imi)rove(l 
land.  Our  subject  is  in  the  mercantile  business  with  his  yoi^nger 
brother,  John,  in  Table  Grove.  They  began  business  here  July  15, 
LS71,  in  a  building  22x50  feet,  capital, ^2, GOO.  At  ])resent  the 
building  is  22x80  feet,  present  capital,  $20,000;  annual  sales, 
$20,000. 

Stephen  Carliri;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove;  resides  on  sec.  20;  was 
born  in  Ireland  May  3,  1814;  came  to  America  in  1834,  and  re- 
mained in  Pennsylvania  until  1837,  when  he  went  to  Virginia,  and 
there  remained  until  1842  ;  is  a  stone  mason,  and  as  such  has  worked 
while  in  the  East.  He  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1842,  bought  a  farm, 
and  improved  it,  laboring  hard,  until  he  at  one  time  owned  over 
700  acres.  He  gave  his  children  each  a  farm  as  they  were  married. 
He  now  owns  210  acres  of  valuable  land.  Xo  man  in  Farmers'  tp. 
has  worked  harder  or  accumulated  more  laud  than  Mr.  Carlin,  with 
the  same  amount  of  capital,  in  the  same  length  of  time.  He  was 
married  Feb.  8,  1852,  to  Jane  S.  Dolan,  by  whom  he  had  G  children. 
Mrs.  Carlin  died  in  November,  1871.  Mr.  Carlin  again  married  in 
July,  1874,  this  time  to  Catharine  Rigner,  by  whom  he  has  ■')  chil- 
dren. He  has  7  children  living,  namely  :  John  A.,  Thomas  O., 
Sophia  J.,  Stephen  D.,  Catharine  A.,  Sarah  and  Carrie  B.  Mrs. 
Carlin,  being  a  widow,  had  4  children  when  Mr.  Carlin  married  her. 
They  are  members  of  the  Catholic  Church.  Mr.  C.  is  regarded  as 
a  veVy  charitable  man,  lending  his  aid  for  the  support  of  the  Church 
and  other  benevolent  institutions.  John  married  Rosa  Sipples,  and 
resides  in  McDonough  X'o.  Sophia  is  the  wife  of  Jeff.  Crail,  of 
Vermont. 

Albert  Carrison,  sec.  5,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove  ;  born 
in  this  township  Jan.  1,  1846,  son  of  the  next  mentioned.  He  re- 
ceived a  common-school  education  in  Shinn's  school-house.  He 
was  raised  on  the  farm,  and  is  now  a  prominent  farmer  and  stock- 
raiser  of  this  township.  He  was  married  Feb.  17,  l.S76,to  Fh)rence 
Barnes,  daughter  of  Isaac  Barnes,  of  this  township.  Tiiey  have 
had  two  children;  but  one  is  living,  Charles. 

Robert  Garrison,  sec.  8,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  ().,  Table  Grove ;  was 
born  in  England  Feb.  12,  1816,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and  Diana 
Garrison,  who  were  also  natives  of  England.  They  came  to  Amer- 
ica in  1837,  and  located  in  Pittsburg,  Pa.  At  that  time  Pittsburg 
was  a  small  town.  He  came  to  Illinois  in  1839,  settling  at  Table 
Grove.  He  started  in  life  with  nothing,  and  now  owns  300  acres 
of  valuable  land,  mostly  under  excellent  cultivation.  He  was  mar- 
ried in  June,  1842,  to  Elizabeth  Berry,  by  whom  he  had  8  children, 
— 5  girls  and  3  boys, — of  whom  5  girls  and  1  boy  are  living.  He 
is  a  prominent  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  in  which  he  has  been  very 
successful.  Three  of  the  girls  are  married,  and  2,  Harriet  and  Mary 
J.,  remain  at  home. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  655 

Samuel  Clemans,  farmer ;  P.  ().,  Ipava ;  liis  first  habitation  in 
Illinois  was  his  wagon,  which  he  and  family  occupied  for  2  months, 
when  thev  moved  into  their  spacious  cabin,  20x18  feet,  one  story, 
no  doors  or  widcnvs.  ISIanv  a  nio;ht  has  Mr.  Clemans  returned  from 
a  distance  with  his  clothes  frozen  on  him,  being  so  cold  he  could  not 
unhitch  his  team.  At  present  he  owns  a  large  tract  of  land  under 
good  cultivation.  He  was  born  in  Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa,,  Feb.  16, 
1816.  His  father  died  when  he  was  quite  young;  hence  he  had  no 
educational  advantages.  His  grandfather  and  father  lK)re  the  same 
name  that  he  and  a  son  bear,  viz:  Samuel.  His  grandfather  Mas  a 
soldier  in  both  the  Revolution  and  the  war  of  1812,  and  after  return- 
ing from  the  latter  he  would  sing  many  war  songs  to  his  grandchil- 
dren and  wee])  while  singing.  This  aged  veteran  carried  two  bul- 
lets in  his  body  until  death,  which  occurred  at  the  age  of  90  years. 
Mr.  Clemans'  grandfather,  Sanuiel  Sunderland,  was  also  in  the  war 
of  1812,  and  was  a  native  of  England.  Mr.  C.  was  married  in 
1835  to  Susan  Ripple.  They  have  had  10  children,  of  whom  5  are 
living.  He  is  a  pron\inent  stock-raiser,  and  keeps  all  kinds  of  stock 
constantly  for  sale.  Is  a  general  adviser  for  his  neighbors,  and  a 
Republican. 

Si/lvanus  B.  Corey,  saddle  and  harness-maker,  Table  Grove,  was 
born  June  25,  1835,  in  Maine  ;  family  lived  in  Bangor  until  he  was 
12  years  old,  when  they  removed  to  Xewburyport,  Mass. ;  there 
they  remained  until  the  spring  of '55,  when  he  came  to  Chicago, 
and  the  following  fall  to  Canton,  where  he  has  mostly  resided  until 
July,  1879,  Vhen  he  located  in  Table  Grove.  Here  he  established  a 
saddle  and  harness  sho]),  in  which  business  he  has  been  engaged  ever 
since  he  was  18  years  old.  He  was  married  April  4,  1857,  to  Sallie 
McBain,  by  whom  he  has  had  2  children  :  only  Frank  E.  is  living. 
Mr.  Corey  served  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  F,  88th  I.  V.  I.,  and  ])ar- 
ticipated  in  nearly  all  the  leading  battles  of  the  de])artmcnt  of  the 
Cumberland  ;  was  discharged  in  June,  '65.  He  is  buildnguj)  a  fine 
trade  in  Table  (irove 

Charles  Cox,  son  of  Amos  Cox,  was  born  in  Schuylkill  Co.,  Pa., 
July  19,  1849;  has  been  a  railroad  man  for  over  3  years,  also  en- 
gaged in  farming  for  5  years.  He  was  apprenticed  to  Benjamin 
Haffcr,  a  shoemaker,  when  but  12  years  old;  he  remained  with 
Haffer  nearly  4  years,  and  came  to  McDonough  Co.,  111.,  in  1870, 
where  he  engaged  in  farming.  In  lcS7;>  lie  established  a  shoe-shop 
in  Good  Ho])e,  which  he  carried  on  successfully  for  three  years, 
when  he  removed  to  Table  Grove,  where  he  has  had  greater  success 
than  he  had  anticipated.  He  was  married  Oct.  7,  1875,  to  Sarah 
Porter,  who  has  borne  him  2  children,  John  and  Amos.  Mrs.  Cox' 
father,  Samuel  Porter,  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Canton,  where  he 
still  lives. 

Wm.  \V.  Ciishman.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Staf- 
ford, Conn.,  Jan.  28,  1810,  and  is  the  son  of  John  and  Lois  Cush- 
man.     He  has  seen  many  hardships  in  his  time;  for  his  father  died 


656  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

when  our  subject  was  but  4  years  old,  and  he  was  bound  out  to  a 
man  with  whom  ho  resided  11  years;  when,  being'  tired  with  his 
treatment,  and  diseouraged  at  iiis  pr()S[)e('ts  tor  reward,  he  ran  away, 
traveling  on  foot,  through  snow  and  rain,  a  distance  of  14  miles,  to 
a  place  of  safety.  He  pursued  the  occupation  of  iron-moulder  for 
several  years,  and  came  to  Harris  township  in  1841,  He  was  mar- 
ried A])ril  6,  1845,  to  Sally  St.  Clair,  by  whom  he  had  9  children,  of 
whom  8  are  living.  jNIr.  Cushman  died  Oct.  3,  187.3.  Mr.  C,  in 
1836,  while  working  in  Rochester,  N.  Y.,  fell  in  an  open  sewer  and 
hurt  his  knee,  which  rendered  him  a  cripj)le  for  life.  The  names  of 
his  children  are  Ann  E.,  Sarah  P^.,  John  \V.,  Charles  J.,  Clarissa, 
Emma  J.,  Peter  B.  and  Mary  L. 

\Vm.  H.  DUworth,  sec.  29,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove :  was 
born  in  Fulton  Co.  March  5,  1855.  His  grandfather,  Harvey  Har- 
ris, before  the  excitement  of  the  Black'  Hawk  war  had  vanished  iu 
1832,  came  to  the  wilds  of  Fulton  county  and  endured  many  priva- 
tions and  hardships  in  paving  the  way  ibr  the  prosperity  of  future 
generations.  He  died  in  April,  1876.  Our  subject's  father,  James 
Dilworth,  is  a  prominent  farmer  of  Vermont  tp.  Mr.  Dilworth  was 
married,  Jan.  12,  1876,  to  Pozelle  Montgomery,  daughter  of  AVm. 
Montgomery  (dec),  of  Missouri.  They  have  two  boys,  viz  :  Thorn- 
ton and  Harvey  H.  Mr.  D.  is  a  well-to-do  farmer  and  stock- 
raiser. 

Warner  D.  Douglas  settled  here  in  1840;  has  been  engaged  in  the 
drv-goods  and  grocery  business  for  25  years,  the  last  13  years  of 
which  time  he  has  been  located  in  Table  Grove,  but  is  -now  closing 
out  his  entire  stock  of  goods,  pre})aratory  to  removing  to  Nebraska. 
He  was  married,  Jan.  3,  1830,  to  Caroline  Brooks,  by  whom  he  has 
had  11  children:  5  are  living.  He  has  always  been  a  pioneer. 
When  but  10  years  old,  he  lived  in  Indiana  when  the  Indians  were 
as  numerous  there  as  cur  dogs  are  in  Illinois.  His  father  was  in  the 
war  of  1812.  Mrs.  Douglas  was  born  June  4,  1810,  in  N.  Y.,  and 
is  the  daughter  of  Nathan  Brooks,  who  was  a  prominent  soldier  in 
the  war  of  1812. 

Shiloh  W.  Durham,  lumber  dealer.  Table  Grove;  was  born  in 
Wayne  Co.,  111.,  June  18,  1842,  and  is  the  son  of  Washington  Dur- 
ham, who  was  of  English  descent,  and  who  died  in  Southern  Illi- 
nois, when  our  subject  was  but  6  years  old.  After  his  father's  death 
his  mother  moved  with  her  fiunily  of  four  children,  Judge,  Mariam, 
Shiloh  and  Victoria,  to  Vermont,  111.  His  mother  placed  Judge 
under  the  care  of  John  Harland  of  Farmers'  tp.  The  two  sisters 
she  kept  at  home.  His  mother  and  the  other  three  children  passed 
through  the  ('h(dera  scourge  of  1851  in  Vermont.  He  studied  hard 
between  work  hours,  and  at  the  age  of  16  he  taught  his  first  school 
at  Hickory  Grove,  and  was  retained  as  teacher  for  several  years. 
He  continued  the  profession  for  eleven  years.  Mr.  Durham  was 
married  Aug.  24,  1862,  to  Miss  Lou  Farr,  daughter  of  Samuel  Farr. 
His  family  consists  of  three  daughters  and  one  son,  viz:  Eoava  K., 


HISTOllY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  657 

Nandora,  Pearley  B.  and  Judge.  Mr.  Durhaiii  entered  the  lumber 
trade  in  the  fall  of  1870  at  Table  Grove  in  partnership  with  Thos. 
Matthews  ;  they  continued  the  partnership  three  years,  after  which 
Mr.  Durham  bought  Mr.  ^Matthews'  interest,  and  has  continued  the 
business  alone  since  the  fall  of  1873.  He  sells  over  $20,000  worth 
of  stock  annually.  He  and  his  family  are  members  of  Table  Grove 
Christian  Ghurch. 

Xaf/Kuucl  Eashif,  farmer,  sec.  2G ;  P.  O.,  Ipava.  In  the  year 
1832  Thomas  Easley  ventured  into  the  then  wilds  of  Fulton  Co., 
to  seek  for  himself  a  home.  He  was  a  saddler  by  trade,  having 
learned  his  trade  in  Wheeling,  Va.  He  was  also  a  Surveyor. 
AVhilc  working  at  his  trade  in  Lewistown  he  used  his  surplus 
money  in  improving  a  farm  in  Farmers'  township,  sec.  2(5.  He  was 
married  March  7,  1836,  to  Lydia  A.  Buck,  who  was  born  in  Harri- 
son Co.,  O.,  June  23,  1819.  They  have  had  7  children,  of  whom  4 
are  living.  Mr.  Easley  died  Dec.  7,  1849.  Our  subjecit,  Nathaniel 
Easley,  was  l)orn  ]\Iay  10,  1848,  in  Farmers'  tp.  He  is  a  prosper- 
ous farmer,  and  is  residing  on  the  old  home  ])lacc  with  his  mother. 
He  is  also  proprietor  of  a  threshing-machine  and  clover-huller. 

Robert  F.  Francis,  a  native  of  England,  was  born  May  22, 1843; 
came  to  this  country  when  but  4  years  old,  and  remained  in  New 
York  5  years,  when  he  came  to  Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  where  he  receiv- 
ed a  common-school  education.  He  was  reared  on  a  farm  ;  served 
4  years  in  the  late  war,  and  was  a  prisoner  10  months  and  2  weeks 
in  that  most  fearful  of  all  dens,  Andersonville.  He  weighed  150 
pounds  when  he  entered  the  ])rison  and  was  reduced  to  72  jiounds 
when  weighed  in  St.  Louis,  and  had  then  been  out  of  the  prison  a 
month.  He  will  always  be  known  as  one  of  the  heroes  of  Ander- 
sonville. His  father,  John  Francis,  was  a  coach-painter,  and  died 
in  Chicago  in  ]May,  1874.  Our  sul)ject  was  married  Nov.  22,  18(58, 
to  Mary  Walker,  by  whom  he  has  4  children.  She  being  a  widow, 
had  3  children  before  he  married  her. 

M.  D.  Hall,  sec.  28,  Farmers'  tp. ;  1\  O.,  Table  Grove ;  was 
born  in  McDonough  Co.,  Jan.  5,  1851,  and  hence  is  connected  with 
the  history  of  this  part  ^)i'  Illinois.  His  father  is  a  native  of  Ken- 
tucky, and  came  to  Illinois  when  but  a  i)oy.  He  still  resides  on 
the  place  he  first  purchased  at  Pennington's  Point,  McDonough  C'o. 
Our  subject  received  a  common-school  education,  and  has  since  en- 
gaged in  farming  and  stock-raising,  in  which  he  has  been  success- 
ful. He  was  married  Oct.  10,  1872,  to  Clara  Dilworth,  daughter 
of  James  Dilworth,  of  Vermont,  111.  Mr.  D.  was  among  the 
early  settlers  of  Illinois.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hall  have  one  child, 
Willie  D. 

Wil/idiii  ir.  Hammond,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  31,  Farm- 
ers' tp. ;  P.  ().,  Table  Grove.  He  was  burn  May  27,  1835,  in  Sul- 
livan Co.,  Tenn,;  his  educational  advantages  were  limited,  but  by 
hard  study  obtained  an  education  that  enabled  him  to  teach.  His 
father,  Mickey  Hammond,  of  McDonough  Co.,  is  a  native   of  Sul- 


658  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

livan  Co.,  Tonn.,  is  a  veteran  of  tlic  war  of  1812,  and  hence  a  pen- 
sioner. Mr.  Hammond,  sen.,  settled  in  McDononti^li  Co.  in  1855, 
and  is  a  j>roniinent  farmer  of  that  county.  Our  subject  was  mar- 
ried in  18()4  to  Minerva  C.  Harlan,  and  they  have  had  (j  children, 
— Wm.  R.,  James  E,,  Thomas  A.,  Nellie,  Fannie  and  an  infant 
boy.  Mr.  Hammond  possesses  320  acres  here,  and  160  acres  in 
McDonouo-h  C\). 

Hiram  II.  llarrk ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove.  At  22  years  of  age  this 
man  settled  on  the  northwest  quarter  of  sec.  31,  in  Farmers'  town- 
ship,— nice  rolling  prairie.  His  father,  James  H.,  was  a  native  of 
N.  H.,  and  raised  in  Mass.  When  he  obtained  his  majority  he  went 
to  Cayuga Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  from  thence  to  Onondaga  Co.  While  in 
N.  Y.  he  engaged  in  farming  and  salt-manufacture.  He  emigrated 
to  McDonough  Co.  in  1834  or  '35,  where  he  established  the  first 
dairy  in  McDonough  Co.  He  has  since  died,  leaving  many  friends 
to  mourn  the  loss  of  one  so  highly  esteemed.  Our  subject,  H.  H. 
Harris,  owns  529  acres  of  land  and  is  a  leading  tarmer  and  stock- 
raiser  in  this  part  of  Fulton  county.  He  was  married,  Aug.  4,  '36, 
to  Lydia  Rutledge,  by  whom  he  had  4  children,  of  whom  1  is  liv- 
ing. Mrs.  H.  died  Nov.  24,  1864;  and'he  was  married  again,  Jan. 
8,  1872,  this  time  to  Mary  E.  Robinson,  by  whom  he  had  2  chil- 
dren, of  whoni  one  is  living ;  the  only  boy  living  is  Horace  B. 
Mrs.  Harris'  brother,  Benjamin  Robinson,  came  to  Illinois  in  1849, 
where  he  pnrsued  the  occupation  of  tailor  successfully  until  his 
death,  which  occurred  Feb.  7,  1879. 

George  Hickson,  sec.  23,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.O.,  Bcrnadotte;  is  a 
native  of  Warwickshire,  Eng.,  and  was  born  Nov.  19,  1823.  He 
crossed  the  ocean  in  1856,  landing  in  N.  Y.  city  in  September,  and 
came  to  Bureau  Co.,  111.,  in  November  of  the  same  year,  where  he 
remained  until  the  following  March,  when  he  settled  in  Fulton  Co. 
Since  that  time  he  has  succeeded  in  making  a  good  farm  of  120 
acres  right  in  the  brush,  or  timber.  Few  men  can  say  as  much ;  for 
besides  this  he  has  cleared  20  acres  of  heavy  timber  near  Maple's 
mill,  H  miles  east  of  Ijcwistown,  on  the  old  ]>lank  road  leading  from 
Canton  to  Liverpool.  He  also  cleared  SO  acres  for  Gen.  L.  F.  Ross 
in  Jjcwistown  townshi]).  He  was  married  in  INIarch,  1859,  to  Ellen 
Alumbaugh,  by  whom  he  had  6  children  :  of  these  4  are  living,  viz: 
Chas.  O.,  Sarah  A.,  Haskell  and  Stephen.  Chas.  O.  married  Callie 
Miller,  daughter  of  Jacob  Miller, of  \"ermont  tp.  Sarah  A.  married 
Geo.  W.  Harding,  of  New   Phila(lel})liia,  111. 

Franklin  Holme.'i,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  35,  Farmers'  tp. ; 
P.  C,  Ipava;  was  born  in  Fulton  Co.,  Oct.  16,  1848,  and  is  the  son 
of  Thomas  Holmes,  a  prominent  farmer  of  Vermont  tp.  Thomas 
and  Rachel  (Derry)  Holmes  are  natives  of  Ky.,  and  were  among 
the  early  pioneers  of  Fulton  county,  and  with  others  deserve  great 
credit  for  their  noble  work  of  preparing  the  way  for  the  prosperity 
of  their  children.  Mr.  Franklin  Holmes  was  married,  Oct.  10, 
1871,  to  Sarah  Hii)sley,  daughter  of  Mr,  Nicholas  Hipsley,  of  Ver- 
mont, 111.     They  have  2  children,  Eifa  and  Ray. 


HISTORY    OF    FUI/rON    COUNTY.  659 

Dr.  /.  Hosman  was  born  in  Flushing  tp.,  Belmont  Co.,  ().,  in 
1823;  about  1835  the  family  moved  to  New  Castle,  where  our  sub- 
ject received  a  common-school  education  ;  A]>ril  3,  1845,  was  mar- 
ried ;  read  medicine  under  Dr.  l^eard  in  Boston,  ().  ;  attended  lectures 
at  the  Eclectic  Medical  College  of  Cincinnati,  but  since  has  prac- 
ticed the  regular  system, — one  year  in  Belmont  Co.  and  10  in  Frank- 
lin  Co.,  O. ;  came  to  Bluff  City,  Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  at  the  close  of 
the  war  ;  in  187()  located  in  Table  (irove  ;  became  disgusted  with  the 
practice  of  medicine  (attending  only  certain  proi'essional  calls)  and 
went  into  the  drug  business,  which  he  finds  far  more  pleasant. 

John  Hoi/le,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  8 ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove. 
In  1845  John  Hoyle,  sr.,  with  his  flimily  settled  in  Harris  tp.,  where 
he  remained  four  years,  when  he  removed  to  Farmers'  townshiji, 
and  here  resided  for  twenty-two  years.  In  1871  he  removed  to 
Adams  county,  Iowa,  where  he  died  Aug.  3,  1878.  Our  subject, 
John  Hoyle,  was  born  in  England,  April  7,  1826,  and  was 
brought  to  New  York  when  but  eighteen  months  old.  A 
part  of  his  education  was  obtained  in  an  old  log  school-house 
in  Ohio,  and  a  part  in  Steubenville,  Ohio.  Mr.  Hoyle  is  a 
leading  farmer  and  stock-raiser  in  Farmers'  tp.,  and  owns  400  acres 
of  well  im])roved  land.  He  was  married,  in  April,  1848,  to  Lu- 
cinda  Walters,  by  whom  he  has  had  13  children  :  8  are  living,  and  4 
married.  Mrs.  Hoyle's  father,  William  W^alters,  was  a  soldier  in 
the  Black  Hawk  war. 

Lawrence  Hoi/le,  sec.  3,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Bernadotte  ;  was  born 
in  Tuscarawas  Co.,  O.,  Nov.  20,  1832,  a  brother  of  the  above. 
His  father,  John  Hoyle,  was  a  native  of  England  ;  he  brought  his 
family  to  Fulton  county  in  1845,  where  he  remained  uutil  1870, 
when  he  removed  to  Iowa,  where  he  died  in  Aug.,  1878.  Our  sub- 
ject has  resided  in  Fulton  county  since  1845,  and  is  now  a  promi- 
nent farmer  and  stock-raiser,  and  owns  260  acres  of  land,  130  of 
which  is  under  cultiyation.  He  was  married,  April  20,  1853,  to 
Mary  Walters,  daughter  of  the  late  Wm.  Walters,  so  well  known  in 
the  pioneer  history  of  this  county.  They  had  8  children,  viz :  An- 
geline,  John  \^^,  Jane  B.,  Marv  A.,  Henry  L.,  Sarah  E.,  Lawrence 
W.  and  Polly  Ann.  Mrs.  Hoyle  died  Feb.  28,  1870;  Mr.  Hoyle 
again  married,  Nov.  19,  1876,  Margaret  E.  Murray.  They  have 
one  child,  Clara. 

Gcorr/e  Ilugliex^  farmer  and  stook-raiser  ;  P.  O.,  Table  (irove.  In 
1834  he  emigrated  with  his  family  from  Geddes,  N.  Y.,  to  Farmers' 
tp.  They  liyed  in  a  log  cabin  16x18  feet,  with  a  quilt  for  a  door, 
and  no  window  or  floor;  the  house  was  covered  with  clapboards,  fas- 
tened Avith  poles ;  this  ancient  roof  was  known  as  the  cob  roof.  Mr. 
Hughes  was  very  lonesome,  and  bore  many  privations  for  the  first 
two  years.  At  one  time  he  went  5  n)iles  to  borrow  a  little  meal. 
He  was  married,  Sept.  1,  1831,  to  Esther  Mayo,  by  whom  he  had  2 
children,  one  of  whom  is  living,  John,  now  in  Michigan.  Mr. 
Hughes  has  been  a  life-long  farmer  and  stock-raiser  except  about  8 


660  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

years,  -when  he  was  eiifraged  in  tlie  mercantile  business  in  Table 
Grove.  His  father,  Freeman  Hughes,  a  native  of  Mass.,  was  a  real- 
estate  dealer  of  N.  Y.,  and  also  State  Salt  Inspector  for  13  years, 
and  Justice  of  the  Peace  13  years.  He  ha.-s  three  grandchildren, — 
Geo.  F.,  Charles  E.  and  Elizzie  B. ;  the  eldest  is  21,  the  second  19, 
and  the  third  16  years  of  age.  Our  subject  has  been  eminently  suc- 
cessful in  business,  and  now  possesses  about  400  acres  of  well 
improved  land. 

John  II.  Hunter,  merchant,  emigrated  from  Kentucky  to  this  State 
in  1836 ;  learned  the  saddle  and  harness-maker's  trade  with  his 
father  when  a  boy  ;  when  of  age  he  clerked  in  a  drug  store,  in  which 
he  remained  5  years ;  he  then  engaged  in  the  dry-goods  business  for 
about  1*2  years.  He  entered  the  army  as  a  substitute  for  Lemuel 
Lindsay,  who  was  drafted,  in  Co.  F,  31st  111.  He  joined  the  regi- 
ment Nov.  15,  1864,  the  day  Sherman  began  his  noted  march  ;  was  an 
entire  stranger  to  the  regiment,  and  on  Jan.  4,  ^'oo,  he  was  appointed 
Sergeant,  and  on  July  2,  was  commissioned  First  Lieutenant  of  the 
Co.  and  acting  Adjutant  of  the  regiment;  in  Avhich  capacity  he 
acted  until  the  close  of  the  war.  For  the  truth  of  this  statement 
we  have  only  to  examine  the  Adjutant  General's  Report.  Mr. 
Hunter  was  married  Jan.  21,  1875,  to  Essie  Bradticld,  daughter  of 
Samuel  Bradfield,  of  Bushnell.  This  union  has  been  blessed  witli 
two  little  boys,  Johnnie  and  Freddie.  Our  subject  is,  a  successful 
merchant  at  Table  Grove.  He  carries  a  stock  of  ^3,000  in  general 
merchandising:.  He  first  established  a  drug  and  hardware  store  here 
in  1875,  in  company  with  Mr.  Theodore  Wright.  He  sold  his 
interest  to  Mr.  Wright  in  1878,  and  in  1879  bought  the  store  orig- 
inally owned  by  Mr.  H.  Smither,  and  is  now  building  u]>a  large 
trade. 

Leiris  E.  KcUij,  proprietor  of  the  Kelly  House,  Tai)le  Grove, 
was  born  Nov.  1,  1816,  in  Fleming  Co.,  Ky. ;  was  educated  in  a 
log  school-house,  using  Dilworth's  Speller,  Guthrie's  Arithmetic, 
Kirkham's  Grammar  and  the  Bil)le  as  text  bo(»ks.  In  1836  became 
with  his  parents  to  the  wilds  of  Vermont.  At  that  time  there  was 
but  one  house  between  Table  Grove  and  Viacom)).  Mr.  Kelley 
taught  school  four  vears,  and  then  for  eight  vears  he  was  unable  to 
pursue  any  occupation  on  account  of  sore  eyes.  He  was  Postmaster 
of  Vermont  1851-4;  he  then  engaged  in  the  mercantile  business  in 
Vermont ;  also  operated  a  saw  and  grist-mill  in  connection  with  the 
store,  until  1860.  He  then  engaged  in  farming  until  1876,  when  he 
became  proprietor  of  the  Kelly  House  in  Tal)le  Grove,  which  he 
successfully  conducts.  His  father,  Francis  Kelly,  was  a  promi- 
nent firmer  of  Vermont,  and  died  in  1 84(5,  at  the  age  of  67  years. 
He  was  drafted  in  the  war  of  1812,  but  circumstances  being  such 
that  he  could  not  leave  home,  he  emj>loyed  a  substitute. 

ir.  G.  KeU I/,  farmer ;  P.  O.,  Table  (irove.  Although  a  resident 
of  ^IcDonough  ("o.,  his  western  life  has  been  spent  principally  in 
good  old  Fulton.     Our  subject  was  one  of  the  "stand-bys"  during 


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HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  663 

the  cholera  scourge  in  Vermont  in  1851.  His  wife  and  2  chihh-en 
died  with  that  dreaded  disease.  Great  credit  is  due  Mr.  Kollv, 
Cephas  Toland,  Joseph  Royle  and  others,  for  their  untiring;  efforts 
to  save  the  attiicted,  and  for  the  tender  care  they  exercised  over  all 
stricken  with  the  scourge.  INIr.  Kelly  is  a  brother  of  the  proprietor 
of  the  Kelly  House,  of  Table  Grove.  He  was  born  in  Fleming 
Co.,  Ky.,  June  16,1818;  is  now  a  prominent  farmer  of  McDon- 
ough  Co.  Mr,  Kelly  improved  the  farm  now  occupied  by  David 
Corbit,  one  mile  south  of  Vermont.  He  is  the  father  of  5  children, 
of  whom  but  1  is  living, — John  W. 

Jacob  Lemmer  was  born  Nov.  13,  1840,  in  Stark  Co.,  O.  His 
parents  removed  to  Knox  Co.,  ().,  Avhen  our  subject  was  but  a  year 
old.  Here  he  was  reared  on  a  farm  until  he  was  16  years  old,  when 
he  learned  the  shoemaker's  trade  in  Mt.  Vernon,  O.  He  then 
worked  as  a  journeyman  for  several  years  in  different  towns  of  Ohio. 
He  served  in  Co.  C,  10th  Ohio  Cav.,  and  was  at  the  siege  of  Atlan- 
ta, and  accompanied  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the  sea;  was  taken 
prisoner  on  his  return  in  South  C^arolina,  and  was  paroled  at  (xolds- 
borough,  Feb.  28,  1865.  He  was  discharged  June  10,  1865.  Mr. 
L.  was  married  Sept.  16,  1866,  to  Catharine  Harrat,  and  they 
have  had  7  children,  of  whom  4  are  living.  He  has  been  a  success- 
ful shoemaker  for  23  years,  and  has  been  located  in  Table  (jrove 
since  Sept.  2,  1876.  His  fiither,  George  Lemmer,  is  a  well-to-do 
farmer  in  Knox  Co.,  Ohio,  and  highly  appreciated  as  a  citizen  of 
that  county. 

Prof.  T.  G.  Love,  of  the  Table  Grove  schools,  was  born  in 
Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  2,  1849.  He  was  reared  on  a  firm,  receiving 
a  common-school  education,  after  which  he  attended  the  Westmin- 
ster College  at  New  Wilmington,  Pa.,  for  2  years  in  all,  teaching  at 
intervals  to  procure  money  to  finish  his  education.  He  has  been 
teaching  for  15  years;  is  now  entering  upon  his  seventh  year  in  the 
schools  of  Table  Grove,  than  which  there  is  no  better  evidence  of 
his  success  as  a  disciplinarian  and  instructor.  He  governs  without 
corporal  punishment.  He  was  married  June  29,  1871,  to  Miss 
Cassaline  J.  Wright,  daughter  of  (i ran ville  Wright,  of  Vermont 
tp.  They  have  had  5  children,  of  whom  3  are  living,  namely: 
Gabrielle,  Khea  and  Gladys.  His  father  was  also  a  native  of  Penn- 
sylvania, and  a  prosperous  farmer  there  until  Sept.,  1869,  when  he 
died. 

Alonzo  j\fcC((l/ei/,  Table  (irroye,  ventnred  out  when  a  boy  to  this 
State  in  an  early  day,  and  persuaded  his  parents  to  come  in  Sept., 
1838.  His  educational  advantages  were  very  limited  ;  being  the 
only  son  at  home  he  was  compelled  to  remain  at  home  a  greater 
portion  of  the  time  and  attend  to  supporting  his  parents  and  sister. 
Yet,  since  he  settled  in  life  Mr.  McCalley  has  obtained  a  very  good 
education  by  hard  study  and  close  application.  His  father  died  in 
1844,  and  his  mother  in  1840.  Alonzo  married  in  1840  Amanda  M. 
Hargess,  by  whom  he  has  had  6  children ;  5  are  living.  He  carae 
40 


664  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

to  this  county  in  '42,  learned  the  potter's  business,  then  returned  to 
Sangamon  (\).,  where  lie  ])iirsu('(l  the  j)otter's  business  f<»r  o  years, 
when  he  moved  his  family  to  Fulton  Co.;  here  he  followed  his  trade 
6  years,  when  he  engaged  in  farming,  and  continued  in  this  business 
for  26  years,  during  which  time  he  handled  a  great  deal  of  stock. 
In  this  business  he  was  very  successful,  giving  each  child  81,000 
when  of  age.  Mrs.  McCalley  died  of  cancer  Nov.  27,  1877.  Mr. 
McC.  sold  his  farm  for  ^^7,000  and  moved  to  Table  Grove  to  doctor 
her.  He  entered  the  livery  business  in  the  Grove  soon  after  he 
located  here,  in  which  he  has  been  very  successful.  In  March,  1879, 
Mr.  McGalley  married  Anna  (Hunter)  Hand,  with  whom  he  had 
been  acquainted  from  her  infancy. 

Edward  D.  Mesirk;  Table  Grove,  was  born  April  18,  1850,  in  X. 
Y.,  and  is  the  sou  of  Martin  Mesick,  of  Plymouth,  111.  His  par- 
ents brought  him  to  Illinois  when  but  9  years  old,  where  he  received 
a  common-school  education  and  learned  the  wagon-maker's  trade. 
He  is  now  running  a  wagon  shop,  in  connection  with  a  paint-shop, 
in  Table  Grove.  He  has  been  here  four  years  and  has  built  up  an 
excellent  trade.  .  He  was  married  Oct.  2,  1878,  to  Anna  Biggs,  by 
whom  he  has  1  child.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church, 
and  Mrs.  M.  is  connected  with  the  Christian  Church  of  this  place. 
Beuhen  A.  Miner,  sec.  17,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove  ;  was 
born  in  thjs  township  Aug.  20,  1852,  son  of  the  next  mentioned,  and 
has  resided  on  and  near  the  old  home  place  ever  since.  He  received 
a  common-school  education  in  the  Shinn  school-house  ;  was  mar- 
ried Dec.  25,  187.*],  to  Mary  J.  Barker,  daughter  of  John  AV.  Barker, 
one  of  the  first  settlers  in  the  township.  They  have  one  little  boy, 
Walter  R.     Mr.  Miner  is  a  prominent  farnu^r. 

William  Mrner,  sec.  17,  Farmers'  township;  P.O.,  Table  Grove; 
was  born  in  Jessamine  Co.,  Ky.,  Se])t.  4,  1810,  and  is  the  son  of 
John  Miner,  deceased,  who  was  a  native  of  Pa.,  and  was  born  July 
4,  1775.  They  have  resided  in  Ky.  and  Tenn.,  and  removed  to 
Danville,  111., 'in  Jan.,  1828,  and  to* Canton  in  1830,  where  they  re- 
maini'd  until  18;U,  when  they  removed  to  this  township,  settling  on 
sec.  It).  There  was  not  a  house  or  rail  between  Spoon  river  and 
Macomb  when  oUl  father  Miner  landed  in  this  township,  except  that 
of  Mr.  Barker's.  Mr.  John  Miner  died  January  20,  1838.  Our 
subject  had  very  limited  educational  advantages.  The  schools  he 
attended  in  Kentucky  were  subscription  schools,  and  his  father 
would  sometimes  sign  3  seholars  for  3  months,  and  send  all  his 
children  for  one  nu)nth,  which  would  exhaust  the  time  for  which  he 
had  subscribed.  Mr.  Miner  has  improved  1,050  acres  of  land  in  the 
West,  including  2()()  acres  in  Iowa.  As  afarmer  and  stock-raiser  he 
has  been  eminently  successful.  His  fine  stock  took  a  goodly  share 
of  premiums  at  the  county  fairs;  and  in  1853  his  farm  took  the 
])remium  as  being  under  the  best  cultivation  and  management  of  any 
farm  in  the  (,-ounty.  Mr.  Miner  was  in  the  Black  Hawk  war,  under 
Gen.  Stilhnan,  and  participated    in  9  ditierent  battles,  or  skirmishes. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  0(55 

He  was  of  the  10  who  volunteered  to  search  for  the  dispatch-carrier 
that  had  been  killed  by  the  Indians;  and  wiiilc  niakiiiij;  this  search 
they  were  fired  ujion  by  sonic  Indians  in  ambush,  breaking;  the  lc<>:  of 
one  of  his  comrades.     Gen.  Pope   ordered   them  to  advance,  Mdiich 
they  did,  not    leaving  one   Indian   to  tell   the  tale ;  but    this   came 
near  resu  hi  no;  fatally  to  Mr.  jSIiner;  an  Indian  threw  his  tomahawk 
at  a  man  in  front  of  Miner,  cutting  off  the  ''  thumb  piece"  of  his  gun, 
and  passed  by  Mr.  Miner's  ear,  severing  two  "tassels"  from  his  cap. 
He  received  a  slight  wound  in  Stillman's  defeat  the  scar  of  which  he 
still  bears.     In  that    battle,  as  all  perhaps  have  read  before,  they 
were  surrounded,  and  were  compelled  to  cut  their  way  through  the 
Indian  Hues,  which  they  did  manfully.     There  is  one  more  fact  that 
we  will  record  concerning  his  connection  with  that  war.    It  seems  that 
Gen.  Stillman  allowed  the  Indians  to  come   into  camp,  get  drunk, 
and  sing  their  songs  and  dance,  which  infuriated  some  of  the  boys ; 
and  Mr.  Miner  leading  the  rest,  broke  guard,  took   their  arms  and 
routed  the  red-skins.     Gen.  Stillman  ordered  them  to  lay  down  their 
arms,  l)ut  they  would  not  do   so   until   he  gave  them  a  promise  that 
he  would  not  court-martial    them.     Mr.  Miner  was  married  A])i'il 
4,   1833,  to   Rachel    Ward,  by  whom  he   had  9  children.     Mrs.  M. 
was   born  April  4,  1813.     She  died  April  10,  1849.     He  was  again 
married  Feb.  5,  1850,  this   time   to   Xancy  Andrus,  who  was  born 
July  30,  1819.     They  have  6  children, — making  him   the  father  of 
15  children,  viz  :  J.  C,  Aaron  N.  (died  in  army),  Timothy  (j.,  John 
AV.  (fell  at  the  battle  of  Stone  Kiver),  Martha  (wife  of  Dr.  Bacon), 
Table  Grove,  Parkhurst    P.,  David  W.,  Phoebe   F.  and  Susan  II., 
twins,  Oliver  W.  (dec),  Reuben  A.,  Cyrenius  (dec),  Carrie  L.  (dec), 
Emma  F.  (dec),  and  Olive  AV. 

J.  W.  Morfj/an,  is  a  prominent  farmer  living  over  in  McDonough 
county.     P.  O.,  Table  Grove. 

Chester  ^fio-jih;/,  sec  8,  Farmers'  tp.  ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove  ;  was 
born  in  Licking  Co.,  O.,  Se])t.  3>(),  |84(),  and  is  the  son  of  Isaac  and 
Rhoda  Murphy  ;  the  former  is  dead,  and  the  latter  lives  near  Cuba, 
this  county.  He  received  his  education  in  an  old-fashioned  log 
school-house.  His  first  work  was  teaming  with  a  four-horse  team 
from  Cuba  to  Liver})ool.  He  was  so  small  at  that  time  that  he  had 
to  lead  the  horses  up  to  the  wagon  tongue  and  climb  upon  the 
tongue  in  order  to  enable  him  to  put  the  harness  on  them.  He 
knows  all  about  hard  labor;  indeed,  but  few  men  have  ever  done 
more  hard  work  in  the  same  nund^er  of  years  than  has  Mr.  Mur])hy. 
He  was  married,  Dec.  22,  18()(),  to  Caroline  Hoyle,  daughter  of 
John  Hoyle,  so  well  known  in  the  early  history  of  this  county. 
They  have  3  children, — Perry  K.,  James  E.  and  Ella  L.  Mr.  M. 
is  now  engaged  in  general  farming;  he  also  has  run  a  thresher  for 
7  years. 

Peter  P.  Murray ;  P.  C,  Ipav^a ;  was  born  in  Hancock  Co.,  W. 
Va.,  March  24,  1838,  the  son  of  Hiram  Murray,  a  fruit-grower  of 
Louisville,   Ky.     Mr.  Murray  came  to  this  county  in    1856;  has 


i^QC)  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

been  a  l)ri(k-maker,  and  now  is  the  proprietor  of  the  Shady  Dell 
Brick  and  Tile  Factory,  Farmers'  tp..  run  l)y  steam  power.  It  will 
succeed  as  long  as  Mr.  ^lurray  has  it  under  his  control.  Mr.  M. 
was  married  Oct.  9,  1859,  to  Mary  E.  Hohues,  by  whom  he  had  2 
children,  both  deceased.  He  has  an  adopted  child,  Hugh  P. 
^lurray. 

;S'.  E.  Parsons,  sec.  26,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Ipava  ;  was  born  in 
Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa.,  Sept.  22,  1820;  son  of  Samuel  Parsons,  who 
was  born,  raised  and  died  on  the  same  farm  in  that  county.  He  was 
a  verv  prominent  hatter  in  his  early  and  middle  life,  and  was  known 
as  "  Hatter  Sam."  Our  subject  was  known  as  "  Little  Sam,"  and 
his  father's  cousin  was  known  as  "  Long  Sam."  Mr.  Parsons  was 
raised  a  farmer's  boy.  His  early  educational  advantages  were  lim- 
ited, but  by  hard  study  he  has  made  a  well-informed  scholar  of 
himself.  He  came  to  Fulton  county  in  1847,  and  settled  in  Farm- 
ers' township.  "When  he  landed  at  Point  Isabel  he  had  but 
§29.75.  The  first  night  they  slept  in  a  warehouse  on  a  pile  of  corn 
sacks.  He  is  regarded  as  one  of  the  pioneer  Metliodist  ministers 
of  this  county.  He  has  ridden  40  miles  and  preached  3  sermons  in 
one  day.  His  services  were  highly  ajipreciated  by  the  settlers,  and 
he  has  been  very  successful  in  winning  souls  to  Christ.  He  was 
class-leader  and  exhorter  for  about  8  years,  when  he  was  licensed  to 
preach.  He  was  married,  Feb.  11,  1841,  to  Susanna  Jeffries,  by 
whom  he  had  10  children  ;  of  these  but  3  are  living,  viz  :  Rebecca 
M.,  Lewis  E.  and  John  Wesley. 

Asaph  Ferry,  deceased,  was  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  X.  Y.,  June 
29,  1810,  and  came  to  this  county  in  1837,  where  he  married  Mrs. 
Caroline  R.  Gardner,  next  mentioned.  He  was  Sheriff  of  Fulton 
Co.  2  years,  and  Dej^uty  Sheriif  2  years.  He  was  a  truly  great  and 
good  man.     He  died  Feb.  7,  1879. 

Caroline  Ji.  Perri/,  widow  of  Asaph  Perry,  above  mentioned,  was 
a  daughter  of  the  late  James  P.  Montgomery,  of  Ipava.  The 
family  emigrated  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1838,  wiien  Caroline  was  very 
young.  She  first  married  Allen  M.  Gardner,  May  3,  1842,  and 
they  had  one  child,  which  died  young;  Mr.  (nirdner  died  Aug.  21. 
1847,  and  Feb.  11,  1850,  she  married  Asai)h  Perry,  above  men- 
tioned, in  the  P.  E.  church  at  Alton,  111.,  Rev.  S.  Y.  McMasters 
officiating;  of  this  marriage  were  5  children,  4  surviving,  namely, 
Harry  M.,  Katie,  Wm.  1).  and  Mattie  C. 

Albert  G.  Pk-keruuj,  farmer ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove ;  was  born  in 
Freeport,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  Dec.  28,  1829.  He  was  but  12  years 
old  when  his  father  died,  and  he  received  but  three  months'  school- 
ing. He  was  knocked  around,  as  it  were,  from  ])illar  to  post  until 
17  years  of  age,  when  he  located  with  his  mother,  and  began  busi- 
ness for  himself,  buying  stock  and  farming.  He  apprenticed  him- 
self in  1S51  to  John  McMatts,  a  plasterer,  of  Cadiz,  Ohio ;  with 
whom  he  remained  ab(»ut  18  months.  He  then  began  the  business 
for  himself,  which  he  pursued  until  1857.     He  came  to  Fulton  Co. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  667 

in  the  fall  of  1856,  where  he  now  resides,  a  prosperons  farmer  of 
Table  Grove.  He  was  married  in  May,  1859,  to  Sarah  J.  Strode, 
and  they  have  had  6  children,  of  whom  5  are  living.  Mrs.  Picker- 
ing died  Feb.  12,  1872,  leaving  the  care  of  the  household  to  Misses 
Helen  E.  and  Sarah  I. 

I.  P.  Pickering,  blacksmith.  Table  Grove,  was  born  in  Harrison 
Co.,  O.,  May  14,  1832;  was  raised  on  a  farm  until  17  years  old, 
when  he  was  apprenticed  to  Henry  Lott,  a  blacksmith,  in  (ieorge- 
town,  Ohio ;  when  in  1851  he  finished  his  apprenticeship  he  came 
to  Fulton  county,  where  he  worked  at  his  vocation,  and  is  now  pro- 
prietor of  the  Table  Grove  Blacksmith  Shop,  and  has  a  large  run  of 
custom.  He  was  married,  Dec.  28,  1854,  to  Hannah  Green,  by 
whom  he  has  had  10  children:  7  are  living.  Mr.  P.  enlisted  in  the 
late  war,  but  being  a  cripple  he  was  not  admitted  into  the  regular 
service ;  he  paid  about  $500,  however,  to  fill  other  quotas.  This 
was  a  truly  patriotic  act  in  iSIr.  Pickering,  which  should  be  remem- 
bered by  Uncle  Sam  and  the  compliment  returned. 

A.  K.  &  E.  F.  Porta- ,  proi)rietors  of  the  Grove  City  Mills, 
Table  Grove,  are  natives  of  Fulton  Co.  The  former  was  born  Oct. 
5,  1838,  the  latter  June  9,  1842.  They  were  educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  this  Co.  and  reared  on  a  farm.  Mr.  A.  K.  Porter  is 
an  engineer,  having  had  charge  of  engines  on  the  Lower  Mississijipi 
river  in  1864—5.  He  has  since  been  engaged  in  the  milling  busi- 
ness, 3  years  of  which  time  he  has  had  charge  (in  company  with 
his  brother  E.  F.)  of  the  Grove  City  Mills.  He  was  married,  Nov. 
14,  1865,  to  Charlotte  Diver,  of  Cleveland,  Ohio.  This  tmion  has 
been  blessed  with  3  children, — Harry  S.,  Lizzie  antl  Emma.  Mr. 
E.  F.  Porter  was  married,  Dec.  21,  1865,  to  Susan  Lacy,  daughter 
of  John  Lacy,  of  Pleasant  tp.  They  have  3  children, — Hettie  M., 
Florence  and  Lottie.  He  pursued  the  occupation  of  farming  until 
within  the  past  three  years,  when  he  engaged,  as  above  stated,  with 
his  brother  in  the  millinir  business.  The  mill  was  erected  in  1870 
by  Ormsby  &  Hipsley,  and  has  a  capacity  of  40  barrels  a  day. 
Messrs.  Porter  Bros,  do  a  fine  business  and  have  earned  an  enviable 
rejjutation. 

Dr.  J.S.  Porflocl:  was  born  in  Virginia,  Feb.  23,  1801.  At  the 
age  of  six  years  he  emigrated  with  his  parents  to  Kentucky,  near 
Louisville,  where  he  remained  until  his  16th  year.  From  that  time 
until  he  was  25  he  pursued  various  vocations,  but  finally  concluded 
to  become  a  ])hysician,  and  about  1827  began  reading  in  Cincinnati. 
In  due  time  he  located  in  Shelby  county,  Ind.,  where  he  i)racticed 
with  great  success  for  15  years.  After  this  he  removed  to  Farmers' 
tp.,  this  county,  and  here  was  in  active  practice  until  within  2  years 
of  his  death,  which  occurred  March  15,  1878.  During  the  earlier 
settlement  of  this  part  of  the  county  the  Doctor  was  continually 
among  the  sick  and  dying,  day  and  night,  amid  sunshine  and  storm, 
enduring  hardships  known  only  to  pioneer  physicians.  He  was 
plain  in  speech  and  dress,  and  his  last  words  were,  "  I  want  a  plain 


6t)8  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

coffin  to  contain  my  body,  and  a  plain  marble  slab  to  mark  my  last 
resting  place.  Do  not  weep  for  me,  for  I  am  goino;  to  a  world 
where  sorrow  is  no  more;  where  all  is  peace  and  haj)piness;  where 
I  expect  to  meet  you  to  part  no  more  forever." 

Mary  A.  Portlock,  widow  of  the  late  Dr.  Portlock,  was  born  in 
Franklin  Co.,  Ind.,  Feb.  28,  1815;  was  educated  in  a  select  or  old- 
fashioned  subscription  school  in  Indiana  ;  married  to  Dr.  J.  S.  Port- 
lock  March  4,  18-30;  had  12  children,  of  whom  6  are  living,  viz: 
James  L.,  Samuel  Y.,  Wm.  P.,  Emeline,  Caroline  and  Minerva. 
Mrs.  Portlock  still  lives  on  the  old  home  place  on  which  thev  set- 
tled Xov.  15,  1840. 

WUUam  P.  Portlock  was  born  in  Shelby  Co.,  Ind.,  April  (3,  1840, 
and  is  the  son  of  the  late  Dr.  Portlock,  a  pioneer  of  Fulton  Co.,  of 
whom  we  speak  further  elsewhere.  His  parents  brought  him  to  this 
county  when  but  an  infant.  He  here  received  a  common-school  ed- 
ucation, where  he  was  reared  on  a  farm.  He  was  marrietl  Mav  1, 
1861,  to  Adelaide  Hickey,  and  they  have  had  10  children,  of  whom 
5  are  living,  viz  :  Ida,  Martha,  Lucy,  Mary  and  Squire.  Mr.  Port- 
lock  is  a  farmer  in  good  circumstances,  on  section  20,  Farmers'  tp., 
and  owns  200  acres  of  very  good  land. 

Joe/  S.  Pee.sr,  sec.  11,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Bernadotte.  Before 
railroads  were  known  in  Illinois,  and  when  Black  Hawk's  toma- 
hawk had  scarcely  been  lowered  from  the  zenith  of  its  brutal  butch- 
ery, Joel  Reese,  sr.,  in  1831,  loaded  his  family  and  eifects  in  a  two- 
horse  wagon,  and  leaving  civilization  in  Muskingum  Co.,  Ohio, 
through  great  difficulty  and  sickness,  and  wintering  on  the  White 
river  in  Indiana,  landed  in  Fulton  county  in  September,  1832.  He 
died  April  6,  1836,  honored  and  esteemed  by  all  who  knew  him. 
Our  subject,  Joel  S.  Reese,  was  born  Dec.  23,  1812,  in  Muskingum 
Co.,  Ohio,  and  came  with  his]xirents  to  this  county  in  1832.  Being 
a  young  man,  full  of  vigor  of  life,  he  went  to  work  with  a  will,  and 
in  1835  he  in  partnership  with  Jonathan  Jennings,  erected  a  saw- 
mill on  Spoon  river,  on  the  opposite  bank  directly  across  from 
where  Fuller's  mill  now  stands,  in  Harris  township.  They  were  a 
year  in  completing  the  work;  and  when  they  raised  the  frame  work 
they  had  to  go  14  miles  to  secure  help.  Mr.  Reese's  father  having 
died  soon  after  this,  he  was  called  home  to  attend  to  domestic  affairs, 
leaving  the  mill  in  the  care  of  Mr.  Jennings.  After  realizing  some 
profits  from  the  mill  he  sold  his  interest  in  it  for  S2,O00.  He  mar- 
ried Feb.  5,  1840,  Mary  A.  Cline,  by  whom  he  had  11  children; 
of  these  9  are  living,  viz :  Harriet  A.,  Henry  B.,  John  W.,  Mary 
J.,  S.  Melissa,  Frank,  Lucy,  Samuel  K.  and  Reuben  A.  Reuben  A. 
is  a  stenographer,  writing  at  the  rate  of  100  words  per  minute,  which 
is  good   for  a  beginner.     Mr.  Reese  is  engaged   in  general  farming. 

David  Rcncau,  sec.  10,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Bernadotte  ;  was  born 
May  11,  1823,  in  Eastern  Tennessee,  and  is  the  son  of  Fleming 
Reneau,  of  Harris  tp. ;  he  came  to  Fulton  Co.  with  his  parents  in 
1844.       By    hard   study  and  close    application  to  his  books  since 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  G69 

grown,  he  hat?  obtained  a  good  education ;  would  have  become  a 
scholar  in  his  younger  days  had  there  been  opportunity.  He  was 
raised  a  farmer  boy,  and  knows  all  about  chopping  and  rolling  logs, 
pulling  dogwood,  etc.  He  was  married  in  Nov.,  1848,  to  Mary 
Rutledge,  sister  of  8ilas  Rutledge,  of  Harris  tp.,  and  daughter  of 
Wm.  Rutledge,  so  well  known  in  the  pioneer  history  of  Fulton  Co. 
and  who  assisted  in  crushing  the  Black  Hawk  war.  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Reneau  iuive  had  I'i  ehildnMi,  of  whcuu  9  are  living,  viz:  Wm.  I)., 
Melissa  J.,  John  F.,  Robt.  R.,  Geo.  \\'asliington,  Abraham  Lincoln, 
Gen.  Grant,  Chas.  Sumner  and  Nellie  R.  He  is  a  prominent  farmer 
and  stock-raiser,  and  owns  240  acres  of  well  improved  land. 

N.  A.  Renshaw;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove;  is  the  son  of  Johnson 
Renshaw,  who  settled  in  Greene  Co.  in  1837,  where  he  engaged  in 
in  the  ministry  for  8  years  in  the  Christian  Church.  Mr.  N.  A. 
Renshaw  was  born  in  Greene  Co.  Feb.  4,  1841,  reared  on  a  farm, 
and  at  the  age  of  26  began  general  merchandising  in  BluflP  City, 
Schuyler  Co.,  in  which  he  remained  for  11  years,  when  he  located 
in  Table  Grove,  entering  into  the  drug  and  hardware  business. 
He  also  makes  grain-buying  a  specialty.  He  carries  a  stock 
of  $2,500  in  the  store.  Ships  100  cars  of  grain  annually. 
Shipped  from  July  25,  1879,  to  Oct.  10  of  the  same  year,  70 
cars  of  small  grain.  He  was  married,  Oct.  11,  1869,  to  Isabelle 
Gasaway,   by  whom  he  has  3  children, — Lollie,  Charlie  and  Jennie. 

Joseph  Rinker,  deceased,  was  born  July  1,  1826,  in  Hampshire 
Co.,  Va.  He  moved  with  his  parents  to  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  and  in 
the  year  1850  removed  to  Fulton  Co.  He  married  Sarah  J.  Smith, 
April  1,  1849,  and  they  have  had  3  boys  and  1  girl,  viz:  Mary  E. 
(deceased),  James  A.,  Romeo  S.  and  Isaac  A.  Mrs.  Rinker  was 
born  in  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  8,  1832,  and  is  the  daughter  of  Hiram 
and  Caroline  Smith.  The  fornu-r  died  Feb.  10,  1853,  and  the  lat- 
ter is  now  with  her  daughter.  Mr.  Rinker  died  Feb.  24,  1879.  He 
was  a  worthy  member  of  the  United  Brethren  Church  of  Astoria. 

Jacob  Ritfer,  sec.  19;  P.  ().,  Table  Grove.  Mr.  Ritter's  early 
educational  advantages  were  very  limited,  his  father  having  settled 
in  A\^iyne  Co.,  O.,  among  the  heavy  timljcr  and  where  there  were 
no  schools.  He  obtained  a  good  business  education  by  hard  study 
and  close  attention  to  his  books,  at  such  odd  spells  as  he  would  Hud 
between  the  hours  of  labor  and  at  night.  He  was  born  in  Union 
Co.,  Pa.,  Aug.  14,  1815,  and  was  reared  in  the  woods,  learning  all 
about  rolling  logs,  ])icking  brush,  etc.  His  father,  Jacob  Ritter, 
was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  an<l  di(;d  Sept.  8,  1847.  His  mother, 
Magdalene  (.Stump)  Ritter,  was  also  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  and 
died  Feb.  15,  1833.  Our  subject  came  to  this  county  in  1837,  and 
located  in  Canton,  where  he  worked  at  his  trade,  which  is  that  of 
house-joiner  and  cabinet-maker.  He  pursued  this  business  until 
1842,  when  he  came  to  this  township.  He  has  since  that  time  been 
engaged  in  farming,  and  growing  and  feeding  stock,  in  which  he 
has  been  eminently  successful.     When  he  began   business  for  him- 


G70  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

self  he  had  five  francs  and  a  Mexican  dollar.  He  now  can  estimate 
his  |)r()])erty  by  tlio  thousands,  besides  givintr  a  farm  to  each  ciiild. 
There  still  remains  standing  in  Lewistown  a  house  that  Mr.  Hitter 
erected  for  Joel  Solomon  in  the  year  1840  or  '41.  Mr.  R.  was  mar- 
ried, Sept.  16,  1889,  to  iSIatilda  R.  Opp,  by  whom  he  had  3  chil- 
dren :  Mary  J.  and  Hiram  are  living.  Mrs,  liitter  died  Jan.  10, 
18.")0.  He  again  married  Aug.  25,  1850,  this  time  to  Margaret 
Harris;  they  have  had  5  chiklren,  of  whom  but  one  is  living, — 
Martha  A. 

John  C.  Ross,  sec.  19;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove;  was  born  in  Alex- 
andria Co.,  Ya.  (then  part  of  D.  C),  Jan.  20,  1819.  He  there  re- 
ceived an  education  under  the  instruction  of  Prof  Benjamin  Hal- 
lowell.  His  life  has  been  varied.  His  parents,  David  and  Marv 
Ross,  removed  with  their  sou  to  Buckland  Mills,  Va.,  near  the  spot 
where  the  battle  of  Bull  Run  was  fought.  This  was  in  1820.  Thev 
remained  here  until  1823,  when  they  Avent  to  a  farm  in  Fau((uier 
Co.,  Va. ;  thence  to  Occoquan,  Ya.,  in  1825  ;  thence  back  to  Alexan- 
dria in  1828.  In  1835  he  engaged  as  a  clerk  with  Hopkins  &  Hull, 
dry-goods  merchants,  of  Baltimore,  in  which  business  he  remained 
18  months,  when  he  went  to  Cooper  Co.,  Mo.,  where  he  engaged  in 
farming  and  school-teaching  for  3  years;  in  1840  he  came  to  Farm- 
ers' township,  this  county,  where  he  still  resides.  He  is  known  as 
one  of  Fulton  county's  prominent  corn  and  wheat  producers.  He 
was  married  A})ril  3,  1850,  to  Sarah  A.  Bartholomew,  by  whom  he 
had  8  children  ;  5  of  these  are  living,  viz:  Katie  P.,  David,  Jack, 
Hattie  X.  and  Charles.  Mrs.  Ross  died  Dec.  24,  1870.  He  again 
married  March  12,  1874,  this  time  to  Mary  (Miller)  Bartholomew, 
She,  being  a  widow  when  he  married  her,  had  4  children,  viz  :  Hattie, 
Frank,  Horace  and  Aaron  Bartholomew. 

./-  R.  liofhman,  son  of  John  and  Frances  Rothman,  was  born  in 
in  the  city  of  New  York,  July  11,  1847.  He  came  into  this  State 
with  his  parents  when  only  2  years  old,  and  has  resided  here  almost 
ever  since.  At  the  age  of  17  he  enlisted  in  the  late  war  as  a  private 
in  Co.  S,  83d  III.  Inf  ;  was  afterward  transferred  to  Co.  I  of  the 
(jlst  111.  Inf.,  from  which  he  was  mustered  out  at  Nashville,  Tenn.; 
was  educated  at  Abingdon  College,  where  he  attained  a  high  record  ; 
graduated  in  Bryant  cV:  Stratton's  course  of  bookkeeping;  clerked 
for  Dr.  S.  D.  Pollock,  of  Abingdon,  two  years,  in  drugs  and  books; 
afterwards  clerked  •'>  years  f(»r  Terry  cV:  Son  in  their  clothing  depart- 
ment. After  the  dissohition  of  this  firm  Mr.  R.  opened  out  trade  at 
his  own  expense  at  Table  Grove,  ISIarch  17,  1873  ;  three  years  after- 
ward he  commenced  the  study  of  law;  in  June,  1874,  he  was  com- 
missioned Notarv  Public  bv  (Jov.  Beverid":e,  and  in  '78  re-com- 
missioned  by  Gov.  Culh)in.  In  the  spring  of  '77  was  elected  Justice 
of  the  Peace,  in  which  capacity  he  has  given  the  utmost  satisfaction 
to  all  having  Inisiuess  with  him.  He  was  married  Oct.  7,  1875,  to 
Miss  Fannie  Winans,  daughter  of  the  well-known  Lewis  Winans, 
deceased,  of  Yermont,  111.     Stella,  three  years  old,  is  their  daughter. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  671 

Mr.  R.  has  a  nice  little  office  on  the  south  side  of  the  Square,  and 
does  a  successful  business. 

George  B>(flc(h/c;  P.  C,  Tabic  Grove;  res.  sec.  4,  Fanners'  tp. 
His  father,  William  R.  Rutlcdge,  was  born  in  Greenbrier  Co.,  A^a., 
and  came  to  this  eounty  in  1887,  and  rented  a  log  school-house  in 
which  he  resided  one  year.  He  afterward  settled  on  sec.  7,  where 
he  resided  over  20  years.  Our  subject  was  also  born  in  Greenbrier 
Co.,  Va.,  in  1830.  He  was  "raised"  to  hard  labor,  such  as  chop- 
ping, mauling  rails,  grul)bing,  picking  brush,  etc.  He  has  stood  in 
the  door-yard  and  counted  25  deer  at  one  time.  The  wolves, 
chickens,  wild  hogs,  etc.,  were  very  numerous.  He  was  in  every 
particular  a  robust,  pioneer  boy,  but  had  little  opportunity  for  book- 
learning.  He  is  now  a  ])rominent  farmer  of  Farmers'  township. 
He  was  married,  March  19,  1857,  to  Sarah  A.  Ray,  by  whom  he 
has  had  5  children :  4  are  living,  viz :  Robert  M.,  Wm.  L.,  Hannah 
E.  and  John  A.  He  was  again  married,  Nov.  16,  1871,  this  time 
to  Mary  S.  Monroe. 

John  Smith;  P.  ().,  Table  Grove.  Our  subject  is  a  veteran  of  111. ; 
we  do  not  say  an  early  settler,  for  he  was  born  in  St.  Clair  Co.,  Til., 
Mar.  3,  1814.  At  the  time  of  the  war  of  1812  his  parents,  Philij) 
and  Susan  (Penn)  Smith,  were  iu  the  fort.  Mr.  Smith  when  a  boy 
had  the  Indian  boys  for  playmates.  His  jwrents  removed  to  Sanga- 
mon Co.  when  he  was  (juite  small,  where  he  received  a  limited  edu- 
cation in  a  log  school-house,  with  a  fire-place  in  each  end,  and  a 
crack  in  the  wall  with  a  ])ane  of  glass  in  it  for  a  window;  a  portion 
of  this  window,  however,  consisted  of  greased  paper  pasted  over  the 
crack  in  the  wall.  Mr.  Smith  was  intimately  acquainted  witli 
Abraham  Lin(^oln,  and  saw  him  work  on  a  fiat-bottom  boat  on  San- 
gamon river.  He  also  heard  Mr.  Lincoln  make  one  of  his  first 
political  speeches,  when  he  was  a  (umdidate  for  the  I^egislature 
against  the  late  I'eter  Cartwright.  Mr.  S.  was  an  intimate  friend  of 
Mr.  Cartwright,  and  heard  him  preach  many  a  sermon.  He  settled 
in  McDonough  Co.  in  Aug.,  1837;  was  a  leading  farmer  for  nearly 
40  years  in  that  county,  when  in  March,  1877,  he  located  in  Table 
Grove,  111.,  where  he  lives  in  comfortable  circumstances.  He  was 
married,  March  1,  1835,  to  Jane  Hargis,  by  w'hom  he  had  11  chil- 
dren, and  all  are  living.  He  was  a  soldier  in  the  Mormon  war. 
Has  been  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church  for  over  40  years. 

/.  W.  Sfephem  was  born  in  Montgomery  Co.,  Ky.,  Mar.  11,  1841  ; 
educated  in  Kv.,  in  a  log  school-house  ;  also  attended  school  2  years 
in  111.;  came  to  McDonough  Co.  in  1861,  and  to  this  Co.  in  1876, 
locating  in  Table  Grove,  where  he  engaged  in  the  fresh-meat  and 
grocery  business.  He  was  married,  Sept.  6,  1872,  to  Clara  Yocum, 
by  whom  he  had  3  children;  she  died  in  Dec,  1874,  leaving  many 
friends  to  mourn  her  loss.  Mr.  Stephens  again  married  in  Aug., 
1876,  this  time  to  Jennie  Johnson,  daughter  of  Geo.  Johnson  of 
Hancock  Co.  ^Ir.  Stephens'  father,  Jacob  Stephens,  was  murdered 
in  Ky.  during  the  late  war. 


672  HISTORY    OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 

Curtis  Strode,  sec.  23,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Bernadotte  ;  was  born 
April  (),  1850,  in  this  county,  son  of  Thomas  Strode,  of  Farmers' 
tp.,  whom  we  mention  further  on.  Mr.  StnKle  was  educated  in  the 
common  schools,  and  reared  on  a  farm.  He  is  now  a  farmer  and 
stock-raiser  in  good  circumstances  in  this  township,  and  owns  100 
acres  of  land.  He  was  married,  Sept.  28,  1870,  to  Alice  A.  Over- 
ton, daughter  of  Francis  L,  Overton,  of  Bernadotte  tp.,  who  came 
to  Fulton  county  about  the  year  1835.  They  had  one  little  girl, 
Emma,  who  died  Feb.  2,  1878.  Mrs.  Strode's  mother  (then  "Mrs. 
Wilcox)  came  to  this  county  with  her  husband  in   1834. 

James  P.  Strode,  sec.  25,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  ().,  Bernadotte.  In 
1835,  James  Strode,  sr.,  loaded  his  family  and  effects  in  a  four- 
horse  wagon  in  Freeport,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  and  came  and 
settled  on  sec.  25,  this  township.  His  father,  Richard  Strode, 
was  a  Captain  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  He  improved  160  acres 
of  land,  and  endured  many  hardships  and  })rivations  in  assisting  to 
pave  the  way  for  the  })rosperity  of  the  future  generations.  He 
died  in  Jan.,  1871,  respected  by  all  who  knew  him.  Our  subject 
was  born  June  9,  183(3,  in  this  township  ;  he  received  an  academical 
education,  was  reared  on  a  farm,  and  is  now  engaged  in  general 
farming  on  the  old  home  place.  He  was  in  "bleeding  Kansas"  in 
1857,  and  also  served  3  years  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  G,  50th  111. 
V.  I.,  and  was  promoted  to  2d  Lieutenant.  He  particii)ated  in  the 
battles  of  Fort  Donelson,  Shiloh,  Corinth  Oct.  3  and  4,  1863, 
Resaca,  Rome  Cross  Roads  and  others,  and  was  discharged  Sept.  1, 
1864.  He  was  married,  Oct.  28,  1865,  to  Hannah  Clemans,  daugh- 
ter of  Samuel  Clemans,  an  early  settler  in  Farmers'  tp.  They  have 
3  children,  viz :   Imogene,  Edmund  C.  and  Robert. 

Thomas  Strode,  sec.  23,  Farmers'  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Bernadotte ;  was 
born  near  Philadelphia  in  1814,  and  is  the  son  of  James  Strode, 
who  settled  in  this  county  in  1835,  and  of  whom  we  speak  further 
in  the  last  sketch.  He  was  reared  on  a  farm,  and  knows  all 
about  working  in  the  brush,  etc. ;  what  little  schooling  he  received 
was  in  a  little  log  cabin  with  a  rail  for  a  seat.  He  has  labored  hard, 
used  economy,  and  now  possesses  320  acres  of  well  improved  land; 
he  has  also  given  each  of  his  4  married  children  a  farm.  He  has 
never  had  a  lawsuit,  never  paid  any  costs,  and  never  had  a  fight  in 
his  life,  nor  does  he  owe  any  man  a  dollar.  Few  men  can  say  as 
much.  He  has  contributed  largely  to  tlu'  support  of  churches,  the 
preaching  of  the  (jIosi)cI  and  other  charitai)le  enterprises.  He  takes 
newspapers  constantly,  and  hence  is  well  versed  in  the  political 
issues  of  the  day.  He  is  a  Republican,  but  he  patronizes  the  papers 
of  the  three  leading  i)olitical  jiarties.  He  was  married,  Oct.  4, 
1842,  to  Catharine  Smith,  by  whom  he  had  6  children;  of  these  5 
arc  living,  viz:  Albert  H.,  William  S.,  Curtis  J.,  Melinda  A.  and 
Jesse.  Mrs.  Strode  died  July  3,  1857.  Mr.  Strode  married  again 
in  May,  1858,  this  time  Sarah  Sexton.  She  was  born  in  Lewis  Co., 
Ky.,  Jan.  7,  1817. 


HISTORY   OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY.  673 

Enos  Tarter,  farmer  and  horticulturist,  was  born  in  Clay  Co.,  111., 
Jan.  31,  1832,  son  of  Frederick,  a  native  of  Va.,  who  emigrated  to 
this  Territory  in  an  early  day,  married  Christina  Whitly,  also  a 
Yirginian  ;  and  tlicir  offsiiring  were  7  boys  and  4  girls,  Enos  being 
the  4th  child.  Mr.  Fred.  Tarter  was  a  soldier  in  the  Black  Hawk 
war  under  Gen.  Atkinson  ;  was  in  the  fort  at  Canton,  and  was  one 
of  the  company  that  captured  Black  Hawk.  He  died  Oct.  17, 
1869,  in  Marit)!!  Co.,  Iowa,  where  he  had  resided  about  4  years. 
Four  of  the  sons  were  in  the  late  war,  enlisting  in  Missouri,  and  all 
returned  unhurt.  John  was  Captain  of  a  company  of  Missouri 
cavalry,  and  Fred.,  who  now  resides  in  Ipava,  participated  in.  every 
battle' fought  in  Missouri.  P^nos,  Oct.  20,  1851,  married  Sarah 
Hoyle,  sister  of  John  and  Lawrence  Hoyle,  two  prominent  citizens 
of  this  tp.  They  have  had  9  children,  of  whom  8  are  living,  viz: 
Peter  S.,  Mary  P.,  Abbie  A.,  Ida  M.,  Sarah,  Lovina,  Lydia  A.  and 
Harry  E.  The  deceased  child's  name  was  Frocinia.  Mr.  Tarter's 
horticultural  business  is  extensive.  This  year  he  ship])ed  more 
strawberries  than  any  other  man  in  the  county.  His  apples  took 
the  premium  at  the  Macomb  fairs  of  the  years  1877-8.  Has  also  a 
good  nursery.  Practices  law  to  some  extent.  P.  O.,  Bernadotte ; 
res.,  sec.  11. 

P.  S.  Tarter,  sr.,  was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Ind.,  Dec.  18, 
1827,  and  is  the  son  of  Frederick  M.  Tarter,  a  pioneer  of  Fulton 
county,  and  who  was  born  Jan.  22,  1800,  near  Richmond,  Va.  His 
father,  Peter  Tarter,  served  in  the  Revolution  under  Washington 
for  7  years,  having  enlisted  when  but  16  years  old.  During  this 
time  he  lost  an  eye.  He  became  a  pioneer  of  Ky.  on  the  Cumber- 
land river,  in  what  afterwards  became  Pulaski  Co.  He  also  fought 
through  the  Indian  wars  of  Kentucky,  and  was  an  intimate  friend 
of  Daniel  Boone.  While  engaged  in  the  last  Indian  warof  Ky.  he 
lost  his  other  eve,  and  was  blind  for  30  years  previous  to  his  death. 
Frederick  Tarter  settled  in  Clay  Co.,"  111.,  in  1829,  and  in  this 
county  in  1834.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Tarter  lived  to  see  all  their  children 
grown  and  settled  in  life,  a  very  rare  incident  indeed.  Our  subject, 
Peter  S.  Tarter,  sr.,  is  a  prominent  farmer  and  breeder  of  fine  stock 
in  Farmers'  townshi)),  and  owns  about  600  acres  of  land  in  this 
county,  besides  large  tracts  of  land  in  Texas  and  Missouri.  He  is 
a  successful  attorney  at  law,  which  profession  he  has  not  had  the  time 
to  attend  to  for  the  past  few  years. 

Peter  S.  Tarfer,jr.,  was  born  in  Fulton  county,  Oct.  17,  1853,  the 
son  of  Enos  Tarter,  of  Farmers'  t]).  His  grandfather,  Frederick 
Tarter,  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Fulton  county ;  was  educated  in 
Abingdon  College,  and  is  a  j)rominent  teacher  of  Western  Fulton; 
is  at  present  teaching  in  the  Hickory  Grove  school-house.  Farmers' 
tp.  He  married  Harriet  O.  Rine,  daughter  of  Isaac  Rine,  of 
Farmers'  tp. 

Charles  L.  T'/ioimon;  P.  O.,  Adair,  McDonough  Co.;  residence, 
sec.   18,  Farmers'  tp.     This  man  was  born  in  Augusta  Co.,  Va., 


674  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

March  10,  1831.  His  father,  Matthew  Thompson,  was  born  in  Va., 
where  he  engaged  in  tarniing  for  several  years.  He  came  to  Fulton 
county  in  1837,  bringing  his  family  and  all  his  earthlv  possessions 
with  him.  He  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  died  in  1844. 
Our  subject  received  his  education  in  an  old  log  house,  Mith  slab 
benches,  and  a  fire-place  nearly  the  entire  width  of  the  house.  He 
is  now  a  farmer  in  comfortable  circumstances  and  owns  three  differ- 
ent tracts  of  land.  He  was  married  Sept.  20,  1858,  to  Lucinda 
Feagans,  by  whom  he  had  10  children:  9  are  living,  viz :  Wm., 
Emzey  B.,  Warren,  Samuel,  Etfa,  Abner,  Eraeline  and  E valine, 
twins,  and  Fllla. 

Daniel  Wnltcrs  j  P.  O.,  Ipava  ;  sec.  36.  AVilliam  Walters  in  1S22 
loaded  his  wife  and  two  children  into  a  keel-boat  in  Alabama,  and 
made  his  way  to  Illinois  by  way  of  the  rivers,  and  landed  in  Sanga- 
mon Co.,  where  he  remained  one  year,  and  then  removed  to  Fulton 
Co.  We  frequently  speak  of  old  settlers  being  well  known  in  the 
early  history  of  this  county,  but  Mr.  W.  was  known  nearly  all  over 
the  State,  and  none  knew  him  but  to  love  him.  \\'hen  he  first 
landed  in  111.  he  had  one  bed  (straw),  a  rifle,  and  25  cents  in  monev. 
The  first  horse  he  owned  he  mauled  rails  to  pay  for,  and  this  ponv 
was  killed  by  over-riding  by  a  negro  who  took  it  without  the 
knowledge  of  Mr.  Walters.  Before  his  death  his  property  was 
valued  at  §10,000.  He  was  a  very  strong  man  both  mentally  and 
physically.  He  was  born  in  May,  1788,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  Tenn.; 
was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  serving  under  Gen.  Jackson  ;  and 
consequently  was  a  pensioner  up  to  his  death,  which  occurred  Sept. 
16,  1877.  He  also  fought  in  the  Black  Hawk  war.  Our  subject, 
Daniel  Walters,  was  born  in  Bernadotte  tp.,  Oct.  14,  1827,  and  ex- 
cept 4  years  has  always  resided  in  Fulton  county.  He  has  ridden 
over  the  prairies  when  there  was  not  a  spear  of  grass  amiss.  The 
first  school  he  attended  was  when  he  was  13  years  old,  in  a  round- 
log  house,  fully  described  elsewhere  in  this  volume.  His  father  had 
ten  children,  our  subject  being  the  6th.  He  was  married,  April  5, 
1850,  to  Sarah  H.  Dobbins,  by  whom  he  had  9  children.  Mrs. 
Walters  died  March  17,  1874.  Mr.  Walters  again  married,  March 
12,  1876,  Mary  A.  Carrison,  a  sister  of  Robert  Carrison  of  this  tp. 
As  before  stated,  he  is  the  father  of  9  children,  2  boys  and  7  girls, 
viz:  Charles  H.,  Jane  A.,  Ellen  E.,  James  E.,  ^I.  Cornelia,  Louisa 
H.,  Laura  \ .,  Sarah  E.  and  M.  Ida. 

Hiram  Waitcrti  was  born  in  Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  Jan.  23,  1825, 
son  of  Wm.  Walters,  and  was  brought  here  liy  his  parents  when 
but  3  weeks  old.  At  that  time  there  were  but  12  men  in  the  count v 
over  21  years  of  age,  including  himself.  He  resided  on  the  Gus 
Stewart  farm  near  Lewistown  for  10  years,  when  he  settled  in 
Farmers'  tp.  Here  he  erected  a  double  log  barn,  and  to  procure 
hands  to  raise  this  barn  he  actually  went  to  Canton  and  Copperas 
creek.  He  mauled  rails  all  day  for  a  half  l)ushel  of  cc>rn.  carried  it 
to  the  mill  on  his  back,  and  there  paid  10  cents  for  grinding  on  a 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  075 

liorsp  mill.  He  was  a  great  hunter,  always  keeping  his  family  sup- 
l)lie(l  with  Iresh  meat  from  tiie  forests.  He  was  eaptain  of  the  little 
band  of  12  settlers  who  routed  a  band  of  the  Pottawatomie  and 
Cherokee  Indians,  for  plundering,  and  for  abusing  the  white  women, 
during  the  pioneer  days  of  Fulton  eounty.  He  died,  Sept.  23,  '77, 
loved  and  respected  by  all  \vh(^  knew  him.  Our  sul))eet  was  mar- 
ried, April  2:3,  184G,  to  Mary  A.  Hoyle,  by  whom  he  had  8  chil- 
dren :  of  these  5  aro  living,  viz  :  Geo.  Washington,  Andrew  Jackson, 
Olive,  Cora  Ann  and  Eva.  Olive  is  married  to  Franklin  Waid,  a 
school-teacher  of  Birdol])h,  111.  George  AV.  and  Andrew  J.  are 
both   married,  and  are  also  I'armers. 

John  WaUcrx  deceased,  was  born  in  East  Tennessee,  Oct.  13,  1810, 
and  was  reared  on  a  farm.  He  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Fulton 
county,  having  settled  here  in  1829.  He  was  energetic  in  improving 
the  country,  and  thus  lending  a  hel])ing  hand  to  the  progress  of 
civilization.  He  was  married  in  183(J  to  Freelove  Whitley,  by  whom 
he  had  l.">  children;  8  are  living,  viz :  Martha,  Wm.,  Eli,  Peter, 
Thomas,  Bailey,  Isaac  and  Lydia.  Mr.  Walters  died  Oct.  14,  1850. 
His  son  Eli  J.  resides  with  his  mother  on  the  old  home  place. 

Thomas  J.  ]V<(lferf^,  \yi\><  born  in  Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  near  Sugar 
Grove,  June  12, 1820,  and  is  the  son  of  Wm.  and  I^lizabeth  Walters, 
deceased.  His  father,  a  soldier  of  1812,  under  Gen.  Jackson,  settled 
in  Sangamon  Co.  the  same  year.  The  Indians  were  their  nearest 
neighl)ors,  and  in  fact  were  very  good  neighbors.  Mr.  Walters 
(\\'m.)  was  in  the  Black  Hawk  war  under  Gen.  Stillman,  and  was 
at  his  defeat.   He  related  a  laughable  incident  occurring  at  that  battle  : 

After  the  battle  was  over  he  found  one  Mr. with  his  head  and 

upi)er  j)art  of  his  trunk  in  a  tlour  barrel,  while  his  hind  (juarters 
h)omed  up  exposed  to  the  fire  of  the  enemy  and  to  the  laughing 
gaze  of  the  soldiers.  This  man's  sons  are  still  living  in  this  county. 
Mr.  Walters  died  Sept.  19,  1877.  Our  subject  was  brought  by  his 
father  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1821,  to  Pleasant  tp.,  where  they  remained 
until  1830,  when  they  settled  in  Farmers'  tp.  on  section  9.  When 
((uite  small  he  had  no  other  playmates  than  the  Indian  boys,  for 
whom  he  had  as  much  respect  as  if  they  were  white  boys.  He  was 
married  Aug.  (J,  1840,  to  Jane  McCaughey,  by  whom  he  had  8 
children  ;  7  are  living.  Their  names  are,  Wm.  H.  H.,  Milton, 
Elizabeth  »!.,  Josej)hine,  Franklin  P.,  INIortimer  and  Sarah  E. 

Will.  (t.  Wfdfcrs,  sec.  5  ;  P.  ().,  Table  Grove  ;  was  born  and  raised 
in  this  township,  where  he  now  resides,  a  prominent  farmer  and 
stock-raiser  in  this  part  of  the  county.  He  was  born  Aug.  8,  1838, 
and  was  raised  a  farmer's  boy.  His  educational  advantages  were 
very  limited,  as  his  father  died  when  he  was  but  12  years  old,  leaving 
a  family  of  13  children;  our  subject  l)eing  the  eldest.  His  grand- 
father, Absalom  Walters,  settled  in  this  township  in  1<S29,  and 
endured  the  hardships  and  privations  that  early  settlers  are  heir  to. 
Our  sidojeet  was  married  Aug.  20,  1862,  to  Ellen  Garrison,  daughter 
of  Robert    Garrison,  of  Farmers'  tp.     They  have  7  children,  viz: 


676  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Mary  E.,  Alice  F.,  P^mnia  C,  Wni.  A.,  Lydia  and  Ann  (twins)  and 
Marion  F.  His  father,  John  A.,  was  born  in  Alabama,  and  came 
with  his  father,  Absalom,  to  this  county.  Mr.  W'm.  G.  Walters 
served  in  Co.  F,  103d  I.  V.  I.,  in  the  late  war  and  participated  in 
the  battles  at  Vicksburg,  Jackson,  Mission  Ridge,  Resaca,  Dallas, 
Kenesaw  Mountain,  Atlanta,  and  others,  and  was  with  Sherman 
on  his  noted  march  to  the  sea.     He  was  discharged  July  7,  1865. 

George  Wisler,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove.  His  father,  Henry 
"NVisler,  settled  in  Oiiio  in  1806,  when  George  was  a  little  boy,  giv- 
ing him  all  the  opportunities  necessary  for  developing  his  muscular 
power.  He  purchased  1,120  acres  of  timber  land  in  Pickaway  Co., 
O.,  where  our  subject  lived  until  Sept.,  1851,  when  he  came  to  Ful- 
ton county,  settling  on  sec.  17,  Farmers'  township,  where  he  still 
resides,  a  prominent  farmer.  Xo  man  has  performed  more  physical 
labor  in  his  day  than  has  Mr.  Wisler.  He  made  a  good  farm  in 
Ohio  in  the  timber,  hence  he  knows  all  about  log-rolling  and  pull- 
ing dogwoods,  etc.  These  jolly  old  fellows  had  their  fun  as  well 
as  hard  labor.  He  was  invariably  chosen  captain  of  one  of  the  con- 
tending parties  at  the  log-rollings  and  eorn-huskings.  Mr.  Wisler 
was  married  in  1823  to  Sally  Throckmorton,  by  whom  he  had  8 
children:  of  these  5  are  living.  Mrs.  Wisler  died  July  10,  1834. 
He  again  married  in  1835,  this  time  to  Maria  Bunn,  by  whom  he 
has  one  child.     His  second  wife  died  in  1868. 

Theodore  Wright,  merchant,  Table  Grove ;  is  a  native  of  this 
county.  His  father,  Granville  Wright,  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Ver- 
mont township,  came  to  Illinois  in  Sept.,  1836,  and  settled  on  sec.  8 
in  that  townshij) ;  he  is  a  prominent  farmer  and  stock-raiser.  He 
is  the  father  of  5  children,  of  whom  our  subject  is  second.  Mr. 
Wright  was  educated  in  Abingdon  College,  and  after  leaving  in 
June,  1871,  he  engaged  in  the  hardware  business  in  Table  Grove, 
which  he  still  continues ;  in  the  meantime  he  has  added  a  full  line 
of  drugs  and  groceries,  carrying  in  all  a  stock  of  :?4,000.  He  has 
been  very  successful  in  the  business.  He  was  appointed  Postmaster 
in  1871,  in  which  capacity  he  still  remains.  He  was  married,  Oct. 
29,  1875,  to  Miss  Ida  B.  Raby,  daughter  of  Simon  Raby,  of  Pen- 
nington's Point,  Til.  They  have  2  children,  viz :  Nellie  and  Clar- 
ence A. 

TOWNSHIP   OFFICIALS. 

The  following  is  a  full  and  complete  list  of  the  Supervisors, 
Clerks,  Assessors  and  Collectors  serving  in  this  township  since  its 
organization : 

SUPERVISORS. 

J.  H.  Kinne 1850  .T.  L.  Eppersoi/. 186&-70 

N.  W.  Perrv 1851  Henrv  Smither 1871-72 

John  Price." 1852-54  T.  L.  Frazier 1873-76 

Asaph  Perrv 1855-50  .Joseph  Barker 1877-78 

J.  H.  Kinne 1860-66  Welford   Bover 1879 

Asaph  Perry 1867 


HISTORY    OF    P^ULTON    COUNTY 


/>  ^  Nif 


TOWN    CLKRKS. 


John  C.Ross 1S.10 

Abrani  Jarvis ISol 

James  MK'all 1S.V2 

J.  S.  Rees l.S53-5fi 

Jaioh  Bossort lS57-()i) 

Chas.  V.  Ilaskin 1870-72 


William  Carithers 1873 

Tlu'oilore  Wright 1874 

S.  W.  Durham 1875-77 

LaFavotte  Barker 1878 

S.  VV*  Durham 1879 


ASSESSORS. 


Frank  Andrews 1850 

John  A.  Harlwnd 1851 

James  MrCall 1852-53 

J.  II.  Kinne 1854 

A.  Perry 18.55 

J.  H.  Kinne J8.5(i-57 

J.  C.  Ross lf;58-59 

Jaeob  Bossort 18(50 

Joseph  Barker 1861-62 

Jacob  Bossort 18(53 


A.  McCaley 1864 

A.  Aberna'thy 1865-71 

Samuel  Wisler 1872 

Addison  Abernathv 1873 

J.  V.  Strode ' 1874 

Addison  Abernathv 1875 

Rol)ert  Bailev •" 1876 

Eli  Walter 1877 

William  Hammond 1878 

James  P.  Strode 1879 


COLLECTORS. 


W.  A.  Perry 1850-51 

Robert  Andrews 1852 

J.  H.  Kinne 1853-54 

D.  A.  Connell 1S55 

James  Barker 1856-58 

J.   H.  Kinne 1859 

Enos   Tarter 1800 

Jacob  Bossort 1861 

John   W.  Barker 1862-63 

Stephen  Carlin 1864 

Nelson  Wheedon 1865 

Elisha  Lindsey 1866 


Samuel  Stewart 1867 

Warren  Baker 1868 

Thomas  ("arlin 1869 

G.  D.  Casev 1870 

Eli  J.Walters 1871 

Samuel  Baughman 1872 

Ro])ert   Bailev 1873 

Wilson  M(d)aniels 1874-75 

Samuel  Wisler 1876 

C.  E.  Barker 1877 

James  Colville 1878 

George  R.  Barker 1879 


FARMINGTON  TOWNSHIP. 


This  beautiful  township  will  compare  favorably  with  any  tract  of 
land  six  miles  square  in  the  Northwest.  Sunshine  and  dew  never 
fell  u]K)n  a  fairer  land.  It  is  under  the  best  of  cultivation,  and  the 
farms  are  unsurpassed  in  point  of  modern  improvements  and  an 
advanced  and  perfect  state  of  cultivation.  Jonah  Marchant,  with 
his  wife  and  four  children,  was  the  first  that  lived  tln'ough  a  winter 
in  this  township.  Mr.  Marchant  came  in  October,  1827,  and  passed 
the  followinsj:  winter  in  a  small  cabin  12x14  feet  in  size.  He  knew, 
this  was  a  fair  land  and  concluded  to  remain  here.  Accordingly  he 
set  about  in  the  spring  to  build  a  more  pretentious  dwelling.  He 
erected  a  hewn-log  cabin.     In  this  he  lived  for  seven  years. 

Seth  Littler,  a  brother-in-law  of  the  Marchants,  lived  in  the 
township  a  few  months  in  the  spring  and  summer  of  the  year  1827. 
He  then  left  in  company  with  some  of  his  relatives  for  the  Galena 
lead  mines,  which  just  at  that  time  were  causing  such  excitement. 
Mr.  Littler,  however,  returned  the  same  year  and  located  near  Can- 
ton, which  at  that  time  was  a  very  small  beginning  for  a  town.  He 
died  that  fall  about  the  time  Jonah  Marchant  settled  in  Farming- 
ton.  The  creek  that  heads  south  of  Farmington  was  named  in 
honor  of  Mr.  Littler. 

In  the  spring  of  1828  Charles  and  Theodore  Sargeant,  the  gen- 
tlemen so  often  spoken  about  in  the  first  chapter  of  this  book, 
located  in  this  township.  The  former  settled  upon  the  southeast 
quarter  of  sec.  12.  He  remained  here  a  few  years,  when  he  moved 
upon  the  land  he  received  as  bounty  land  for  his  services  in  the  war 
of  1812.  He  is  living  yet,  so  far  as  we  can  learn.  Theodore  Sar- 
geant settled  the  place  where  Kidder  brothers  now  live,  on  the 
southeast  quarter  of  sec.  2.  Some  years  later  he  settled  what  was 
known  as  the  Mound  Quarter,  being  the  southeast  quarter  of  sec. 
1,  where  he  lived  until  he  died,  which  0(!curred  suddenly  July  lo, 
1871.  He  was  76  years  of  age  at  the  time;  was  a  member  of  the 
M.  E.  Church  and  a  man  highly  respected. 

Abraham  Marchant  was  the  next  pioneer  to  venture  so  far  from 
civilization.  He  arrived  June  27,  1828,  and  had  to  build  a  small 
house,  one  suitable  for  a  smoke-house,  before  he  could  have  a  place 
to  unload  his  goods  from  the  wagon.  He  built  a  better  cabin  in 
the  fall  of  the  same  year,  in  which  he  lived  until  1835,  when  he  and 
his  brother  Jonah  each  erected  a  one-story  brick  dwelling  upon  the 
northwest  quarter  of  sec.  13.     This  property,  with  several  other 


'^t^i^e-e^- 


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FARMINGTON      TP 


LlbHAKY 

OF  THE 

UMVEHSITY  Of  ILLINOIS. 


HISTOIIV    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  681 

pieces  of  land  they  owned,  has  passed  into  other  hands.  This  was 
called  the  Marchant  settlement  for  many  years,  until  it  was  super- 
ceded bv  the  village  of  Farmington,  which  Avas  started  in  the  year 
1830  or*1837. 

Among  other  prominent  first  settlers  were  Ahira  Jones,  who 
settled  upon  the  first  section  of  the  township — on  the  N.  E.  i  of 
sec.  1 — in  1829.  Mr.  Abraham  ISIarehant  tells  us  that  he  helped 
him  to  raise  his  cabin  on  Saturday,  and  upon  Sunday  they  i)ut  the 
clapboard  roof  on.  He  lived  in  this  rude  cabin  for  several  years 
and  then  built  a  good  hewed-log  house,  and  during  the  decade  be- 
tween 1850  and  1860  he  erected  a  brick  dwelling,  in  which  he  lived 
until  his  death.     That  occurred  in  1874. 

Of  those  early  pilgrims  who  came  into  the  township  prior  to 
to  1840  many  are  dead,  some  have  moved  to  other  parts  of  the 
country  and  a  few  still  reside  here.  Among  these  now  called  to 
mind  are  A.  G.  Gridley,  Spencer  Cone,  J.  N.  Harkin,  Israel  Scales, 
Furman  Brown,  now  88  years  old,  M.  B.  Chapin,  who  died  in  1872, 
James  Armstrong,  died  in  l.S71>,  John  T.  Dunn,  Henry  Cone,  Luther 
Birge,  83  years  old,  Daniel  Tanner,  Russell  Stone,  died  in  1872, 
Joel  Brown,  who  came  to  this  county  with  his  father  in  1824,  Seth 
Bristol,  died  in  1877,  Daniel  Brohard,  died  in  1879,  Abines  AVhite, 
died  in  1879,  A.  G.  Pinegar,  and  a  few  others  of  the  old  settlers 
who  are  yet  upon  the  stage  of  action. 

Abraliam  Marchant,  son  of  Jonah  Marchant,  was  the  first  white 
child  born  in  the  township.  He  is  at  present  fifty  years  old.  The 
first  sermon  was  delivered  by  Rev.  Asa  D.  West,  a  local  M.  E. 
preacher,  in  Jonah  Marchant's  cabin  in  1828.  In  1832  or  1833  the 
first  school-house  was  built  in  the  center  of  what  is  now  the  city  of 
Farmington.  The  first  school  was  taught  by  Isaac  Cutter  in  one  of 
Ahiras  Jones's  cabins. 

FARMINGTON. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  beautifully  situated  towns  throughout  this 
part  of  the  State.  It  is  built  upon  an  eminence  which  overlooks 
one  of  the  most  fertile  sections  of  the  Northwest.  A  better  site 
could  not  have  been  selected,  even  in  this  fair  country.  Farmington 
was  laid  out  by  Joseph  Cone,  George  W.  Little  and  Hiram  Palmer, 
Oct.  9,  1834,  u])on  section  1.  Mr.  Cone  came  to  the  township  in 
1833  and  settled  ui)on  the  southwest  quarter  of  section  1.  He  first 
lived  in  a  log  cabin  which  had  l)een  erected  upon  this  place  some 
time  before.  In  1836  he  erected  a  house  upon  the  same  site,  which 
has  withstood  the  storms  of  many  winters.  Mr.  Cone  was  a  liberal, 
enterprising  and  highly  esteemed  citizen.  He  and  his  wife  were 
members  of  the  first  Church  organized  in  Farmington,  which  was 
the  Congregational  Churcii.  When  they  first  settled  here  Indians 
often  visited  them  at  their  cabin  home  and  wild  animals  were  nu- 
merous. Mr.  Little  still  lives  where  he  erected  his  first  residence  in 
the  infant  village.     He  was  a  merchant  and  opened  the  first  dry- 

41 


682  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

goods  store  in  the  town,  and  was  also  the  first  Postmaster,  Mr.  Hea- 
ton  was  the  next  one  to  come  in  with  a  stock  of  goods.  He  is  still 
living  here,  and  has  as  great  love  for  a  good  gun  as  when  wild 
animals  and  game  were  abundant,  although  he  does  not  hunt  so 
much  as  in  former  vears. 

The  town  grew  rapidly  for  a  time,  when  it  suffered  like  most 
places,  on  account  of  not  being  on  the  first  railroad  in  this 
section,  and  for  some  years  was  at  a  stand-still.  The  class  of  resi- 
dents indicate  a  wealthy  and  cultured  people.  The  fine  church  edi- 
fices, than  which  no  town  of  its  si;ce  can  boast  of  better,  shows  the 
community  to  be  religious,  devotional  and  liberal  in  sentiment.  The 
may;nificent  school  buildiu"-  which  stands  in  the  citv  is  a  sure  index 
to  the  interest  the  people  take  in  educational  matters.  This  is  a 
large  three-story  brick  structure,  surmounted  by  a  well-i)r()]H)rtioned 
belfry,  and  was  erected  in  186G.  It  is  suppled  with  all  of  the  mod- 
ern school  conveniences  and  helps,  and  an  efficient  corps  of  instruct- 
ors are  training  the  young. 

Many  additions  have  been  made  to  the  town  since  its  was  first 
platted.  East  of  the  original  town  are  Cone's  addition  and 
Henry  Cone's  addition.  In  the  former  is  located  a  beautiful  com- 
mon, which  is  an  attractive  feature  of  the  town.  Upon  the  north 
is  the  Palmer  &  Cone  addition.  Upon  the  west  are  Cone's,  Little's, 
Smith's  land  Gregory's  additions,  Palmer's  first,  second,  third  addi- 
tions. South  of  the  south  line  of  the  original  town  are  Collins'  ad- 
dition, Ciiapman  &  Reed's  addition.  Nelson's  addition,  Fawcett's 
addition  and  Brown's  sub-division.  In  Chapman  &  Reed's  addi- 
tion is  located  the  school-house  square. 

One  of  the  most  exciting  periods  of  the  history  of  the  town  was 
the  time  when  the  women  of  the  place  made  war  upon  the  saloons. 
The  whisky  war,  as  we  will  term  it,  was  an  event  which  at  the  time 
caused  so  great  excitement  (and  is  one  of  the  important  items  in  the 
history  of  the  i)lace)  that  we  will  recount  it : 

For  somctiuie  previous  the  town  had  been  infested  with  a  number 
of  drinking  saloons.  A  number  of  the  wives  of  the  unfortunate  men 
who  spent  their  hard-earned  cash  and  were  made  crazy  at  the  places, 
had  from  time  to  time  waited  upon  all  the  grocery-keepers  and  re- 
(juested  them  to  desist  from  selling  their  husbands  licpior.  Their 
re<|uests  were  unheeded,  and  in  some  instances  they  were  treated  with 
ouli-ageous  contempt.  This  state  of  aftairs  aroused  the  ladies  of  the 
town  to  concerted  action  to  free  the  community  of  these  resorts. 
They  held  several  meetings,  and  vSaturday,  March  15,  1856,  about 
19  of  the  respectable  ladies  of  the  town  marched  into  the  streets 
armed  with  axes,  hoes,  clubs,  etc.  They  were  amply  protected  by 
about  a  hundred  men  and  boys.  It  is  said  to  have  been  a  grand 
sight  to  see  this  determined  band  filing  down  the  street.  The  first 
saloon  attacked  suttercd  the  worst.  The  window  was  demolished  ;  the 
decanters  swept  from  the  shelves;  all  the  barrels  containing  liquor 
were  burst  open  and  their  contents  spilled  upon  the  floor.     A  num- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  G83 

ber  of  barrels  were  branded  "  cider  vinegar,"  and  they  also  suiFered, 
for  it  was  feared  they  too  contained  liquor. 

One  of  the  grocerv-kee])ers,  after  witnessing  in  silence  the  destruc- 
tion i)f  his  pro])erty,  as  soon  as  the  work  was  completed  jumped  u]ion 
the  counter  and  proposed  three  cheers  to  the  ladies,  to  which  the 
crowd  heartily  responded.  After  this  he  made  a  speech  in  which  he 
frankly  acquitted  the  ladies  of  all  blame  and  pledged  his  honor  as  a 
man  never  to  deal  in  the  destructive  fluid  again.  Another  of  the  saloon- 
keepers asked  the  brave  lady  Captain  during  the  excitement  if  she 
was  not  afraid.  She  replied,  "  No,  sir ;  I  am  not  afraid  of  any  man 
who  ever  walked  God's  earth, — much  less  a  contemptible  doggery- 
keeper."  This  short,  pointed  speech,  coming  from  a  resolute  woman, 
quieted  the  gentleman.  After  having  accomplished  their  object  the 
ladies  retired  to  their  respective  homes  and  soon  quiet  was  restored 
in  the  town.  One  or  two  of  the  saloon-keepers  counseled  a  lawyer 
for  the  purpose  of  prosecuting  these  daring  females.  He  was  ad- 
vised to  ''let  the  women  alone." 

As  biographical  sketches  of  old  residents  and  leading  citizens 
will  best  constitute  the  rest  of  the  history  of  the  township,  we  pro- 
ceed now  to  give  them. 

John  Abbott,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.O.,  Farmington.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  born  in  Indiana,  Jan.  10,  1835;  is  the  son  of  Alex, 
and  Nancy  (Doty)  of  Ohio.  John  Abbott  came  to  this  county  in 
1845.  He  had  but  a  limited  advantage  to  obtain  an  education, 
never  having  attended  school  here.  He  owns  320  acres  of  land,  all 
of  which  he  has  made  by  his  own  efforts  during  the  last  23  years. 
He  was  married  to  IMargaret  Barklcy  in  1854,  who  bore  him  7  chil- 
dren,— 3  boys  and  4  girls,  all  of  whom  are  living. 

John  Berdine,  farmer,  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  March  7,  1831, 
where  also  his  father  was  born,  but  his  mother  was  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania.  H(>  sold  his  farm  of  160  acres  and  bought  the 
Farmers'  Mills  and  Elevator  in  Farmington,  and  at  present  deals 
largely  in  grain.  He  has  been  School  Director  and  Assessor,  in 
Peoria  county.  Democrat.  In  1854  he  married  Mary  J.  Wilson, 
and  they  have  two  boys  and  two  girls.  The  boys  are  working  in 
the  mill. 

Luther  Birge  was  born  in  l^itchficld  Co.,  Ct.,  Oct.  28,  1797,  the 
son  of  Simeon  and  Elizabeth  (Hamblin)  Birge  ;  Nov.  5,  at  midnight, 
1836,  he  landed  at  Copperas  Creek;  has  lived  here  in  Farmington 
42  years ;  has  kept  an  undcrgronnd  railroad  depot,  sonu^times 
painting  the  darkies  to  disguise  them  ;  three  different  times  his  name 
was  given  to  the  grand  jury  for  indictment,  but  they  never  found  a 
bill.     He  owns  valuable  land  within  the  city  limits. 

Selden  Bond,  farmer,  was  born  Nov.  9,  1813,  in  Ohio;  came  to 
this  county  in  1835;  has  worked  25  years  at  blacksmithing;  finan- 
cially he  has  been  successful.  In  1834  he  married  Maria  Kady, 
and  they  have  had  five  children,  4  of  whom  are  living.     Democrat. 

Ileal  Bra  ten,  farmer,  was  born   in    New  York   in   1794,  son  of 


684  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Daniel  and  Catherine  Brown  ;  in  1825  he  married  Catherine  Loomis  ; 
was  meniher  ot'tlie  State  Militia,  belonging  to  Artillery  Company  at 
Malta,  Washington  Co.,  X.  Y, ;  in  1847,  emigrated  to  Farmington  ; 
has  had  4  boys  and  3  girls;  only  two  are  Hying  now;  wife  died  in 
Sept.,  1872.  Presbyterian.  Republican.  Mr.  B.  owns  160  acres 
of  land  in  Henry  Co. 

T.  J.  Bi(i'bridf/c  was  born  in  Ohio,  Feb.  27,  1836,  son  of  Thomas 
and  Elizabeth  (Pollon) ;  his  fother  was  a  salt-manufacturer,  a 
natiye  of  Kentucky,  and  his  mother  of  Virginia;  family  emigrated 
to  Fulton  Co.  in  1847  ;  T.  J.  has  spent  most  of  his  life  in  the  coal 
business,  commencing  in  Ohio  when  but  9  years  old  ;  has  mined  at 
Yates  City,  Cuba,  Ciyer,  etc. ;  farmed  a  little  while  ;  had  poor  luck 
at  Peoria;  ran  a  saloon  awhile  in  Farmington,  but  is  now  a  zealous 
temperance  man  and  is  entertaining  as  a  temperance  speaker.  He 
attributes  his  reform  to  the  efforts  of  his  wife,  of  Mrs.  Russell  and  of 
others  in  Farmington.     He  is  now  in  the  coal  business. 

William  Caldwell  was  born  in  Mercer  Co.,  Penn.,  Oct.  8,  1806, 
the  son  of  Samuel  and  Elizabeth  (Donaldson)  Caldwell,  the  former 
a  native  of  Ireland  and  the  latter  of  Pennsylvania;  in  1855  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  emigrated  to  Farmington;  has  been  farmer, 
cabinet-maker  and  merchant ;  in  tliQjatter  capacity  he  suffered  great 
loss  in  the  financial  panic  of  1857 ;  for  18  years  he  has  also  been  in 
the  insurance  business,  and  for  the  last  15  years  has  been  Postmaster ; 
has  also  been  School  Trustee,  Collector,  Justice  of  the  Peace  and 
Police  Magistrate.     Republican, 

Emer.'ton  Clark  was  born  in  Massachusetts  June  8,  1847,  son  of 
Elisha  V.  and  Mehetabel  (Thayers),  natives  of  the  same  State; 
educated  in  high  schools;  came  to  Farmington  in  1866;  has  fol- 
lowed the  butcher  business  most  of  his  life ;  his  father  has  followed 
this  trade  since  1840,  and  they  together  have  conducted  a  shop  here 
since  1866,  and  in  this  time  13  other  shops  have  been  started  here; 
but  Mr.  Clark  has  the  most  custom  and  the  others  generally  quit 
after  awhile.  March  10,  1872,  Mr.  Emerson  C'lark  married  Emma 
F.  Wait,  and  Bessie  W.  is  their  only  child.  Mr.  C.  is  a  Freema- 
son and  a  Democrat. 

Henry  Cone  is  an  early  settler  here.  He  has  sown  wheat  and 
raised  40  bushels  to  the  acre  where  the  best  part  of  Farmington  now 
stands.  He  was  born  Sept.  17,  1809,  the  son  of  Joseph  and  Eliza- 
beth (Candee),  natives  of  Connecticut ;  he  came  to  Fulton  county 
in  1833  and  settled  here  in  1834.  He  now  owns  800  acres,  300  iii 
Fulton  county  ;  is  a  successful  farmer.  Has  helped  Farmington 
very  perceptibly.  He  gave  §2,000  for  the  first  railroad  to  the  place, 
and  something  toward  the  jiroposed  narrow-gauge  railroad.  He  has 
been  married  twice,  and  has  6  children  living.  Congregatioualist. 
Republican.     Never  had  a  lawsuit. 

Spencer  Cone  was  born  in  Litchfield,  Ct.,  Sept.  21,  1814,  the  son 
of  Joseph  and  Elizal)eth  (Candee)  Cone;  educated  in  the  high 
schools  of  Connecticut ;  by  occupation  a  farmer;    studied  law  and 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  685 

was  admitted  to  the  Bar  of  the  State  and  also  to  that 
of  the  United  States;  practiced  five  years  in  Wisconsin; 
came  to  this  county  in  the  spring  of  1834;  has  been  School  Trustee, 
Director,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  etc. ;  is  Surveyor  now.  In  March, 
183{),  he  was  married,  and  his  children  are  Joseph,  Spencer,  Eliza- 
beth and  Wm.  B.  Mr.  Cone  has  been  a  member  of  the  Congrega- 
tional Church  for  50  years ;  has  been  Deacon,  Elder,  etc.  In 
politics  he  is  a  Republican. 

J.  E.  Deuel,  farmer,  was  born  Nov.  10,  1816,  in  New  York  State, 
son  of  Philip  and  Sarah  (Babcock),  natives  of  Connecticut;  came 
to  Farmington  in  1837;  learned  the  cooper's  trade,  but  is  now  a 
farmer,  owning  180  acres  of  land.  Democrat.  Has  been  School 
Director,  Road  Commissioner,  Town  Clerk  and  Mayor  of  Farming:- 
ton  two  terms.  Nov,  8,  1840,  he  married  Clara  A.  Porter,  daughter 
of  Col.  Porter,  and  they  have  2  boys  and  2  girls. 

/,  T.  Dickey,  carpenter  and  joiner,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania, 
Oct.  17,  1833,  son  of  George  and  Margaret  L.  Dickey;  he  came  to 
Farmington  June  17,  1864;  was  drafted  in  1863,  and  paid  the  $300 
commutation  ;  in  1859  he  married  Lydia  E.  McLaughlin,  and  they 
have  2  boys  and  2  girls.  Mr.  D.  has  followed  his  trade  most  of  the 
time  since  he  was  19  years  old.  Democrat.  Presbyterians.  P.  O., 
Farmington. 

John  T.  Dunn,  farmer,  was  born  Oct.  12,  1816,  son  to  David  and 
Rebecca  (Marchant)  Dunn,  all  of  Virginia,  and  the  father  brought 
up  a  Quaker,  but  afterward  joined  the  M.  E.  Church.  John  T.  was 
educated  in  Ohio;  in  1836  he  settled  where  he  still  resides,  worth 
then  but  $75,  but  now  has  168  acres  of  land,  besides  helping  his 
children.  Has  been  School  Director  15  years,  Town  Trustee  and 
Commissioner  of  Highways.  In  1836  he  married  Elizabeth  Bevers, 
and  their  9  children  are  all  living.  Mr.  Dunn  is  a  Republican ; 
his  wife  belongs  to  the  M.  E.  Church.     P.  O.,  Farmington. 

Georc/e  Fawccff,  dairyman,  was  born  in  Schuyler  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Nov. 
14,  1820 ;  his  father  Richard  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  his  mother 
Margaret  Fawcett,  nee  Roberts,  was  born  in  Penn.  Mr.  F.  began 
to  work  at  the  carpenter  trade  when  18  years  old  and  worked  at  it 
for  20  years,  when  he  with  others  started  the  Farmington  Agricult- 
ural Works,  which  ran  successfully  until  destroyed  by  fire  in  1870. 
It  was  rebuilt  the  same  year.  Mr.  F.  came  to  thi.s  county  March 
18,  1846,  and  Sept.  5,  1846,  he  was  married  to  Lydia  A.  Sergeant, 
who  was  born  Dec.  6,  1828.  They  have  2  children  :  Rachel  and 
Theoore.  In  March,  1874,  Mr.  F.  started  a  dairy  and  has  con- 
tinued  in  that  business  since,  and  at  present  milks  35  cows. 

./.  T.  Fink,  farmer,  was  born  in  Maryland,  Sept.  24,  1830,  son  of 
Solomon  and  Sarah  (Bicxler?),  natives  of  the  same  State;  educated 
in  Ohio  ;  arrived  in  this  county  Nov.  2,  1846,  and  settled  on  sec.  14, 
this  tp.,  where  he  has  resided  ever  since,  owning  107  acres  of  land. 
Jan.  27,  1853,  he  was  married,  has  had  5  children,  4  of  whom  are 
living.     M.  E.  Church.     Democrat.     P.  O.,  Famington. 


6Sn  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Dv.  M.  T.  Gamble  was  born  in  Beaver  Co.,  Pa.,  Fob.  2,  1850,  and 
is  the  son  of  Andrew  and  Mary  (Thompson)  Gamble,  farmers. 
The  Doctor  attended  an  academy  in  Pa.  and  Winchester  College 
in  that  State  for  liis  literary  edncation.  He  attended  the  Missouri 
jSIedical  College  and  won  a  prize  as  a  scholar.  He  catne  to  this 
county  in  1871  and  to  Canton  in  1875,  and  practiced  his  profes- 
sion here,  enjoying  a  large  and  successful  practice.  In  1864  he  en- 
listed in  the  17th  Pa.  Cav.  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war. 

T.  S.  Gcnfle,  farmer,  sec.  26,  Farmington  tj). ;  born  in  Hamilton 
Co.,  O.,  June  26, 1845,  son  to  John  and  Louisa  (Higdon),  father  from 
Maryland  and  mother  from  Ohio;  emigrated  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1855; 
attended  Lombard  University  at  Galesburg  ;  owns  130  acres  of  farm 
land  ;  is  a  Democrat ;  has  been  School  Director  4  years ;  is  also  a 
Freemason,  and  has  been  Master  3  years ;  never  used  tobacco  or 
whisky.  Sept.  6,  1876,  he  married  Sallie  Kessler:  Annie  May  is 
their  only  child. 

John  S.  Green,  farmer,  was  born  June  19,  1821,  in  New  York,  son 
of  Joiin  and  Sally  (Maxson),  natives  of  the  same  State  ;  came  to  this 
county  in  1855,  settling  within  30  rods  of  where  he  now  lives;  he 
owns  620  acres  of  land,  well  stocked,  but  he  has  seen  hard  times  ;  a 
few  years  ago  he  was  working  for  $10  and  $12  a  month.  He  is  a 
Repul)lican,  and  has  been  School  Director  and  Road  Overseer,  but 
he  seeks  to  avoid  office.  In  1843  he  marrit'(l  Caroline  Sanders,  and 
their  children  are  4  boys  and  2  girls,  all  living.  Seventh-Day  Bap- 
tists.    P.  O.,  Farmington. 

Oiarles  Greenlaif,  dentist,  was  born  Sept.  1,  1809,  in  Hartford, 
Ct.,  the  son  of  Charles  and  Electa  (Taylor)  G.,  natives  of  the  same 
State  and  town;  in  1848  he  emigrated  to  Farmington,  in  1850  to 
Peoria  and  in  1873  back  to  Farmington;  has  worked  at  dentistry 
40  years;  was  employed  by  the  Government  8  years;  both  his 
father  and  grandfather  were  dentists  ;  his  son  is  also  a  dentist,  now 
j)racticing  in  JVM)ria.  July  4,  1833,  Mr.  (x.  married  Caroline  B. 
Wilson  ;  their  four  children  are  all  boys;  Mr.  Greenleaf  is  a  Repub- 
lican, and  he  and  his  wife  are  Congregationalists.  He  has  traveled 
consideral)ly  in  his  life-time;  has  been  to  Mexico. 

John  Harper,  farmer,  was  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  Penn.,  in  1817, 
son  of  Michael  and  Nancy  (Campbell),  his  lather  a  native  of  Ire- 
land and  his  mother  of  Pennsylvania ;  emigrated  to  this  county  in 
1847,  settling  in  Canton  ;  he  now  owns  540  acres  of  land.  In  1840 
he  married  Fk-anoi-  Roberson,  and  th(>y  liave  3  sons  and  4  daughters. 
Robert  H.,  the  eldest  son,  resides  in  Knox  Co.  He  served  2  years 
in  the  11th  111.  Cav.  Four  of  the  children  are  married.  Episcopal 
Methodists.     Democrat. 

Charles  IF.  lleafon,  druggist,  was  born  in  Farmington,  Nov.. 30, 
1841,  son  of  Morgan  and  Sarah  A.  (Fountain);  his  father  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania  and  his  mother  in  New  York;  they  emigrated  to 
this  county  in  May,  1837;  fiither  is  a  gunsmith;  Charles  W.  at 
present  is  keeping  store  in  Farmington;  is  a  good   actor  in  stage 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  687 

plavs  ;  is  now  the  hii;hcst  officer  of  the  I.  O.  O.  F.  in  Illinois.  In 
18(32  he  married  Anna  Bishop,  and  they  have  two  boys.  Mr.  H.  is 
a  Democrat. 

a  M.  Hill.  At  Albany,  N.  Y.,  March  1,  1831,  the  snbject  of 
this  sketch  was  born.  His  parents,  William  and  Sarah  (C'otton) 
Hill,  were  from  North  Carolina.  He  is  engaged  in  farming  npon 
sec.  27.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Mary  Ann  Hulick  in 
1856.  To  them  have  been  born  a  family  of  12  children, — 6  boys 
and  6  girls,  all  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  H.  belongs  to  the 
Reformed  Church  at  Xorris. 

E.  M.  Hill,  farmer,  was  born  in  White  Co.,  Tenn.,  July  20,  1814, 
son  of  Wm.  and  Sarah  (Cotton),  "natives  of  the  sunny  South  ;  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  educated  in  Alabama  ;  came  to  Fulton  Co. 
in  1834;  now  owns  300  acres  of  land;  July  26,  1831,  he  married 
Eliz'ibeth  McCarty,  and  they  have  had  6  sons  and  4  daughters  ;  9  of 
these  children  are  living.  Mr.  Hill  has  witnessed  all  the  changes 
this  county  has  undergone  from  its  native  wildness  to  its  present 
high  state  of  development.  He  was  originally  a  Jackson  D.'mocrat, 
then  a  Froe-Soiler  and  now  a  R  -publican, — all  this,  however,  with- 
out any  change  of  princi[)les. 

George  Hunfer,  farmer,  was  born  in  18)6  in  Ireland,  son  of 
H.Miry  and  Miry  (Gordon) ;  emigrated  to  this  country  in  182(),  and 
to  Fulton  county  in  183S;  his  followed  weaving  10  years;  and  l)een 
a  railroad  employe.  He  is  now  a  succssful  farmer.  Is  a  pr;)mi- 
nent  Freemason  and  a  Djmocrat.  His  wife  is  a  Presbyterian. 
P.  O.,  Farmington. 

./.  MarxhuH  Jack,  grocer,  etc.,  Farmington;  born  Sept.  27,  1855, 
in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Penn.,  to  Matthew  and  Mary  (Marshall) 
Jack;  worked  on  his  father's  farm  until  1877,  when  he  commenced 
business  in  Farmington.  In  1878  he  married  AnnaPetrie;  they 
are  Presbyterians,  and  he  is  a  Republican.  He  was  educated  in  the 
common  schools  and  at  the  Calesburg  Business  College.  He  is  in 
company  with  Mr.  Petrie,  and  they  deal  in  groceries,  boots  and 
shoes,  (jueensware,  glass,  etc. 

Atharin  Keeling  was  born  in  Hardin  Co.,  Ky.,  May  12,  1823, 
the  son  of  Lewis  and  Lydia  (Honey),  natives  of  Kentucky  ;  in 
1827  the  family  came  to  Illinois  and  in  1841  to  Fulton  Co.;  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  obtained  his  education  in  S[)ringlield,  111. ; 
he  followed  brick  and  tile-making  a  number  of  years;  from  1857 
to  1860  he  had  a  dry-goods  and  grocery  store  in  Canton  ;  has  been 
Alderman  several  terms  in  Canton,  Commissioner  of  Highways  and 
School  Director;  is  a  Republican.  He  married  Marv  C.  \\'ilion 
April  23,  1846,  and  now  has  2  boys  and  4  girls.  H;  resides  in 
Farmington  and  owns  a  100-acre  farm  on  sec.  2  near  the  city. 

Alvan  Kidder  was  born  in  Norfolk  Co.,  Mass.,  Nov.  25,  1824,  the 
son  of  Alvan  and  Betsy  (Mann)  Kidder,  the  former  a  native  of 
Vermont  and  the  latter  of  Massachusetts ;  settled  in  Farmington, 
111.,  in  1847,  where  he  had  a  shoe-store  until  1851  ;  Oct.  24,   1852, 


688  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

he  married  Lucy  J-  Ewalt,  and  they  have  3  children,  all  living. 
Mr.  K.  is  a  radical  Democrat,  and  when  he  lectures  on  temperance 
the  house  is  alwavs  crowded.  Althouy-h  his  name'  is  Kid-der  he 
handles  his  subject  without  kid  gloves. 

JoJm  A.  Leeper,  farmer,  sec.  17,  this  t]) ;  was  born  near  Cincin- 
nati, ().,  Dec.  3,  1831,  sou  of  Wm.  and  Eleanor  (Lake)  Leeper, 
natives  of  Ohio;  emigrated  to  Fulton  county  in  1840;  educated  in 
the  common  schools  and  at  Mount  Morris  Seminary,  Ogle  Co.,  111. ; 
has  been  School  Director,  School  Trustee,  Road  Commissioner,  and 
for  a  number  of  years  a  Director  of  the  Agricultural  Society ;  in 
1877  he  was  elected  State  Senator  from  the  2oth  District;  was  a 
delegate  to  the  first  farmers'  convention  at  Kewanec,  and  to  the 
Bloomington  convention  which  was  the  start  of  the  grange  move- 
ment in  the  United  States.  In  1857  he  married  Linnie  F.  CuUom, 
sister  of  the  present  State  Governor.  They  have  had  4  children  ;  2 
are  dead.  Mr.  Leeper  owns  180  acres  of  land,  is  a  Republican,  and 
his  wife  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Rev.  G.  J.  Luckey  was  born  in  Buckheart  tp.,  this  county,  Oct. 
28,  1841,  a  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  A.  (McCreary),  natives  of 
Maryland ;  educated  at  Hedding  College,  Abingdon,  and  at  the 
Northwestern  University  at  Evanston,  III. ;  licensed  to  preach  in 
1864;  in  1868  entered  the  Conference,  and  has  continued  in  that 
relation  ever  since ;  has  preached  at  Hamilton,  111.,  Colchester,  111., 
Terre  Haute,  Ind.,  etc.,  and  is  at  present  preaching  at  Farmington. 
Nov.  23,  1865,  he  married  Frances  N.  Ward,  a  native  of  Illinois. 
They  have  3  children, — John  E.,  Maud,  and  George  M.  Mr.  L. 
enlisted  in  Co.  A,  55th  111.  Inf.,  Aug.  14,  1861 ;  was  in  the  battle 
of  Shiloh,  but  was  soon  afterward  discharged  on  account  of  disa- 
bility, when  he  was  Second  Sergeant.     In  politics,  Rejmblican. 

Clark  Manning,  carriage  and  wagon-maker,  was  born  in  England 
Sept.  17,  1842,  son  of  John  and  Jane  (Hardy) ;  came  to  this  country 
in  1865;  runs  a  carriage  and  wagon  shop;  learned  his  trade  in 
Toronto,  Canada ;  has  also  learned  to  read  and  write  without  going 
to  school.  During  the  recent  war  he  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  9th  Mich. 
Inf.,  was  in  the  i)uttle  of  Stone  River,  Lookout  Mountain,  etc.,  and 
was  a  prisoner  at  Andersonville  awhile.  In  1872  he  married  Caro- 
line Pulver,  a  native  of  New  York.     He  votes  for  the  best  man. 

Abraham  Marchant  was  born  in  Berkeley  Co.,  Va.,  Nov.  4, 1798  ; 
]>arents  emigrated  to  Ohio  in  1813;  in  the  family  were  6  sons  and  4 
daughters,  Abraham  l)eing  tiie  3d  son  ;  in  1817  lie  married  Elizabeth 
Brown,  and  until  1828  lived  in  Highland  Co.;  June  27  of  this  year 
they  settled  in  Farmington  tp.,  when  their  nearest  neighbor  was  ten 
miles  distant.  They  have  4  sons  and  4  daughters,  who  at  present 
reside  near  Farmington.  Mr.  M.  lives  with  his  youngest  daughter, 
Mrs.  E.  D.  Spencer,  Mrs.  M.  having  died.  Mr.  Marchant,  a  Jack- 
son Democrat,  was  a  member  of  the  lialtimore  Convention  in  1860 
which  nominated  Douglas  for  President.  AVhen  he  was  17  years 
old  his  father  died,  in  Ohio,  aged  53;  his  mother  died  in  April, 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  689 

» 

1845,  ao-ed  78  years.  Mr.  M.'s  brothers  and  sisters  are  alld^ad  but 
the  youngest  brother  and  sister,  who  are  in  Highhind  Co.,  Ohio. 
His  "eldest  sister  lived  to  be  92:  she  died  in  August,  1878,  in  same 
county. 

Jonah  Marchant  the  iirst  permanent  settler  of  Farmington  tp., 
was  born  in  Berkeley  Co.,  Va.,  Sept.  23,  1794.  He  moved  to  Ohio 
in  1813  and  there  married  Sarah  Brown,  Dec.  3,  1814.  He  left 
Ohio  in  1827  and  came  to  what  is  now  Farmington  and  settled  u])on 
the  northeast  quarter  of  sec.  13.  He  moved  into  a  cabin  built  by 
David  Harkness.  Mr.  M.  erected  the  first  log  cabin  ever  built  in 
Farmington.  He  was  a  farmer  and  died  Feb.  25,  1872.  He  took 
an  active  part  in  the  early  Indian  trt)ubles  here,  and  we  find  in  the 
possession  of  J.  D.  Hurd,  editor  of  the  Farmington  News,  some 
commissions  made  to  Mr.  M.  during  these  primitive  times.  There 
is  one  dated  July  8,  1831,  and  signed  by  Gov.  John  Reynolds, 
which  commissions  him  First  Lieut,  of  32d  111.  Regt. ;  April  1, 
1832,  a  Cajitain's  commission.  July  26,  1830,  he  was  a})])ointed 
Justice  .of  the  Peace  by  Gov.  Ninian  Edwards ;  by  Gov.  Reynolds 
Sept.  15,  1831  ;  by  Gov.  Duncan  Sept.  5,  1835,  and  by  Wm.  H. 
Davidson,  acting  Governor,  Sept.  11,  1837. 

B.  K.  Marshall,  carpenter,  was  born  Sept.  15,  1825,  a  son  of 
Wm.  and  Mary  (Kirkpatrick),  natives  of  Pennsylvania  ;  emigrated 
to  this  county  in  March,  1866;  has  clerked  in  a  store  4  years;  in 
1852  he  married  Maria  Buckhannon  ;  she  died  in  1877,  since  which 
time  Mr.  Marshall's  daughter  has  kept  house  for  him.  Mr.  M.  is  a 
Democrat,  and  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace  (in  Peoria  Co.). 
Presbyterian.  He  and  his  i)artncr  did  most  of  the  wood-work  on 
the  town  hall  in  Farmington. 

James  Mason  was  born  in  Fayette  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  21,1810,  the  son 
of  Jacob  and  Catharine  INIason,  the  former  of  Pennsylvania,  the 
latter  of  Virginia ;  James  was  brought  uj)  a  farmer  in  Ohio,  edu- 
cated in  the  common  schools,  and  emigrated  to  Fulton  county  in 
1837  ;  at  present  he  is  landlord  of  a  hotel  in  Farmington  and  owns 
220  acres  of  good  land  in  Knox  Co.  He  is  a  Spiritualist,  but  is 
very  reticent  concerning  his  religious  and  political  views.  In  1840 
he  married  Jane  Jackson,  and  in  1849  Sarah  Taylor.  He  has  had 
4  children,  2  of  whom  are  married. 

Alexander  Maxwell,  farmer,  came  to  Fulton  county  in  1825  (notice 
the  time).  This  early  pioneer  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  May  30, 
1805,  son  of  Wm.  and  Ann  (Judy)  M. ;  his  grandfather  was  from 
Scotland  and  a  Captain  under  Gen.  George  Wasliington  ;  his  father 
was  born  in  Virginia  and  his  mother  in  Kentucky;  they  emigrated 
to  Illinois  Territory  in  1807;  went  in  1827  to  Missouri  and  finally 
died  there.  Alex.  Maxwell  now  owns  636  acres  of  land  in  Fulton 
Co.,  besides  town  property.  He  served  4  months  in  the  Black 
Hawdv  war,  and  was  with  Stillman  at  his  defeat  in  1831.  He  mar- 
ried Mary  Ellis,  and  they  had  11  children,  3  of  whom  are  dead;  1 
was  killed  in  the  army.     Episcopal  Methodist.     Republican. 


690  HISTORY    OF    FUI/rOX    COUNTY. 

John  L.  McCoy,  flirmer,  was  born  Sept.  4,  1807,  in  Waishington 
county,  N.  Y.,  the  son  of  J<)sej)h  and  Eleanor  (Taylor),  natives  of 
the  same  State;  in]Mav,  1^41,  he  married  -fane  Shaw;  in  1845,  enii- 
f^rateil  to  this  eounty,  loUowed  farming,  and  now  owns  120  acres 
of  land;  has  had  3  boys  and  3  girls;  one  boy  (Joseph)  has  died. 
Mr.  McCoy  is  a  Democrat  and  his  wife  is  a  member  of  the  Baptist 
Chureli. 

XathanUl  }[<'i'h'i',  farmer,  was  born  Jan.  17,  1817,  in  Hamilton 
county,  O.,  the  son  of  David  and  Nancy  (Miller)  M.,  the  former  of 
Dutch  ancestry  and  a  native  of  New  Jersey,  and  the  latter  of  Scotch 
descent  and  born'°"in  Pennsylvania;  in  1838  Mr.  Nathaniel  Meeker 
emigrated  to  I'^ilton  Co.,  settling  near  Fairview,  where  he  burned 
the  iirst  l)rick  that  was  burned  in  that  township,  in  1842;  followed 
brick-making  17  years,  and  the  rest  of  the  time  farming;  he  owns 
240  acres  of  land  in  Peeria  county.  Jan.  22,  1844,  he  married 
Rachel  D.  Hunt,  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  they  have  had  5  boys  and  3 
girls,  3  children  married;  the  eldest  daughter  married  Jackson 
Mason  and  lives  in  Knox  county  ;  the  third  son  is  a  grain  merchant 
in  Nebraska ;  the  fourth  son  is  a  teacher.  Mr.  Meeker  has  been 
Justice  of  the  Peace  12  years,  Police  Magistrate,  School  Director, 
etc.,  but  never  had  a  lawsuit  of  his  own.  In  politics  he  is  a  "  Green- 
backer." 

Henry  D.  Morton,  farmer,  sec.  20.  Mr.  M.  was  born  in  Ohio 
Jan.  27,  1831  ;  his  parents  are  Eliphalet  and  Mary  Alexander,  his 
wife.  When  4  years  old  Henry  D.  was  brought  to  this  county, 
and  was  educated  here  in  the  common  schools.  He  owns  320  acres 
of  land  and  in  life  has  been  generally  successful.  In  1854  he  was 
married  to  Maria  Wilson,  who  has  borne  him  5  children, — 2  boys 
and  3  girls, — 4  of  whom  are  living.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the 
Baptist  Church. 

Henry  Myers,  farmer,  see.  28,  is  the  son  of  Valentine  and  Cath- 
arine (Crill)  Myers,  father  of  German  descent  and  mother  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania.  He  was  born  in  the  Keystone  State,  Nov.  22, 
1813,  and  came  to  this  county  in  the  sj)ring  of  1848  and  has  resided 
here  since.  He  is  extensively  enoiio-ed  in  farmino-  and  owns  890 
acres  of  land,  730  of  them  being  in  Fulton  Co.  He  was  united  in 
marriage  in  1835  to  Maria  Fshleman,  who  has  borne  him  9  chil- 
dren,— 5  boys  and  4  girls, — all  of  whom  are  living.  His  wife  is  a 
member  of  the  Dunkard  Church. 

WiUUua  Norton,  teacher  and  farmer,  sec.  16;  P.  O.,  Farmington  ; 
was  born  at  South  Bend,  St.  Joseph  Co.,  Ind.,  Aug.  24,  1844.  His 
father,  George  C.  Norton,  was  a  native  of  N.  Y.  His  mother, 
Tamar  (Stockdale)  Norton,  was  a  native  of  England.  William 
came  to  this  eounty  in  18()4.  He  attended  the'common  sehoolsand 
the  high  school  at  Canton.  He  was  engaged  as  a  clerk  in  a  boot 
and  shoe  store  at  Canton  for  a  year  and  a  half.  Jan.  16,  1873,  he 
was_married.  Archilli  C,  born  Nov.  20,  '73,  George  H.,  Nov.  16, 
'75,  and  the  youngest,  born  June" 30,  1878,  are  his  children.  As 
both  a  teacher  and  farmer  Mr.  N.  has  been  successful. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  691 

A.  G.  Pinegar,  farmer,  was  born  April  2,  1822,  in  Pennsylvania, 
to  James  and  Sarah  (Nelson)  P.,  natives  of  North  Carolina;  the 
former  of  Dutch  and  the  latter  of  English  descent ;  has  resided  in 
Farmington  since  1836;  owns  220  acres  of  land ;  his  father  died 
June  9,  1867,  and  his  mother  is  still  in  this  world;  Sept,  25,  1845, 
he  married  Matilda  Marchant,  and  their  children  are  4  boys  and  4 
girls,  all  living.  Mr.  P.  is  a  Democrat  and  has  been  School  Di- 
rector; his  wife  belongs  to  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Nelson  Plummer,  M.  D.,  Farmington,  was  born  Nov.  30,  1813,  in 
Massachusetts,  son  of  Asa  and  Deborah  (Mcltha),  the  former  a  na- 
tive of  the  same  State  and  the  latter  of  Vermont;  in  1836  Dr. 
Plummer  emigrated  to  Illinois,  and  in  1847  to  Farmington,  and  has 
continued  ever  since  to  reside  on  the  same  lot  he  then  first  selected; 
he  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  Franklin  Co.,  O. ;  he 
first  commenced  practice  at  Knoxville,  111.,  then  7  years  in  Iowa, 
then  in  this  city  for  16  years;  but  he  is  a  dentist  at  present.  He 
graduated  in  medicine  at  the  St.  Louis  University  in  1855.  Nov. 
28,  1839,  he  was  married,  and  he  has  had  two  sons;  but  one  of  these, 
Charles  Henry,  died  from  the  eifects  of  a  fall  at  the  Farmington 
depot,  and  the  other,  Everett  N.  was  killed  by  a  fall  in  his  barn  in 
Mason  Co.,  111.     Republican. 

Thomas  Putnam,  31.  D.,  is  the  son  of  Y.  C.  and  Deborah  (Burns) 
Putnam,  and  was  born  in  New  York  State  Dec.  8,  1836.  The  Dr. 
came  to  this  county  in  1859.  Ten  years  later  upon  his  birthday 
anniversary  he  was  married.  David  Henderson  is  the  name  of  a 
child  he  has  adopted.  His  wife  is  a  member  of  the  Congregational 
Church. 

James  Ralston  was  born  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Penn.,  Jan.  3, 
1817,  son  of  Wm.  and  Anna  (Sloan),  father  from  Ireland  and  mother 
a  native  of  Pennsylvania;  he  has  been  a  successful  farmer,  but  is 
now  retired  from  active  business;  resides  on  5  acres  of  ground  in 
the  limits  of  Farmington;  has  lived  near  this  city  since  1854.  In 
1866  he  married  Martha  Irwin.     Presbyterians.     Republican. 

Hurjh  Ritson  was  born  Feb.  28,  1833,  in  England,  son  of  John 
and  Elizabeth  Ritson;  came  to  Ohio  in  1854  and  to  Farmington  in 
1855,  since  which  time  he  has  mostly  worked  at  the  coal  business ; 
is  now  overseer  of  mining  for  P.  P.  Chapman.  Mr.  R.  is  a  Demo- 
crat and  has  been  Street  Commissioner.  Has  4  children.  His 
wife  is  a  Baptist.     P.  O.,  Farmington. 

Andreio  Robb  was  born  Jan.  28,  1827,  in  Ohio,  to  James  and 
Jane  (Roberson)  Robb;  his  fother  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and 
his  mother  of  Yirginia;  settled  near  Fairview  in  1846;  he  is  now 
a  farmer  on  sec.  24,  owning  390  acres  of  land,  besides  property  in 
Farmington.  In  1849  he  married  Susan  Swigert,  and  they  have  5 
children,  4  of  whom  are  living.  James  Robb  died  in  1872  in  Mc- 
Donough  Co.,  and  Jane  33  years  previously.  Mr.  Robb  has  im- 
proved nearly  all  his  land  himself,  the  first  quarter-section  being  call- 
ed the  "lost  quarter,"  because  no  record  of  it  could  be   found.     Is 


692  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

a  Republioau,  iiiul   liu.'^  been  School  Director,  Road   Commissioner 
and  Justice  of  the  Peace.     His  portrait  appears  in  this  work. 

James  Robcrxon  was  born  in  Irehind  Sept.  18,  1818,  son  of  John 
and  Mary  (Marens) ;  came  to  Farmington  in  1854;  clerked  most 
of  the  time, — with  A.  K.  Montgomery  10  years.  In  18.36  he  mar- 
ried Rachel  Cunningham,  and  they  have  had  6  children,  all  now 
living.     Mr,  R.  and  wife  are  Presbyterians;  he  is  a  Democrat. 

T.  W.  Ronan  was  born  in  England  Dee.  21,  1841  ;  wrought  5 
years  at  the  tailor's  trade;  came  to  Fulton  county  March  4,  1871 ; 
was  cutter  for  Geo.  Stetson  6  years;  then  ''Tommy,  the  Tailor," 
set  up  for  himself,  and  he  is  indeed  a  first-class  workman.  In  1873 
he  married  Hester  Alder,  and  they  have  had  two  children.  He  is  a 
Greenbacker  and  his  wife  a  Presbyterian. 

Joseph  Ross,  farmer,  was  born  in  the  State  of  Vermont  March 
14,  1821,  son  of  James  and  Martha,  ?icf  Hawkins;  his  father  was 
born  in  Massachusetts,  of  Scotch  ancestry,  and  his  mother  in  Ver- 
mont, of  English  ancestry;  emigrated  to  Ohio  in  1833,  and  died 
in  that  commonwealth ;  Joseph  came  to  Illinois  in  1849,  settling  in 
Salem  tp.,  Knox  Co.;  removed  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1865;  married 
Caroline  Culver  in  March,  1844,  and  their  children  are  two  boys 
living  and  one,  Francis,  who  died  in  1857,  aged  two  and  a  half 
years.  One  is  married  and  owns  a  farm  in  this  countv.  Charles, 
the  eldest,  was  born  in  1847,  and  George  was  born  in  1855.  Par- 
ents are  Congregationalists,  and  Mr.  Ross  is  also  a  Republican. 

A.  P.  Sanders  was  born  Nov.  1,  1815,  in  Berlin  tp.,  Rensellaer 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  son  of  Peleg  and  Hannah  (Peckham),  natives  of  Rhode 
Island;  came  to  this  county  in  1850;  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  16;  owns 
377  acres  of  land;  has  been  School  Director;  is  a  Republican  and  a 
Seventh-Day  Baptist;  in  1843  he  married  Annis  Hull.  P.  O., 
Farmington. 

I^ewis  Scales  was  born  in  1836,  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  son  of  Israel 
and  Phoebe  (Franklin),  father  a  native  of  Massachusetts  and  mother 
of  Vermont;  emigrated  to  this  county  in  1833;  Lewis  is  a  farmer 
on  sec.  10,  this  township,  owning  214  acres  in  this  county  ;  he  first 
married  Elizabeth  Hurt,  in  1860,  and  she  died  in  1872  ;  in  1877  he 
married  Susan  Mosher.  He  has  had  two  children,  one  living.  Mr. 
Scales  is  a  Republican  and  a  very  social  man. 

John  T.  Simpson,  farmer,  was  born  June  9,  1842,  in  this  county, 
on  the  farm  he  still  lives  on  and  which  he  has  managed  ever  since 
he  was  16  years  old.  His  parents,  John  and  Margaret  Simpson,  are 
natives  of  Ireland;  they  came  to  this  county  in  1834  and  to  this 
township  the  next  year;  in  visiting  friends  northwest  of  Yates  City 
Mr.  S.  drove  stakes  across  the  prairie  for  a  guide  on  his  return. 
John  T.  is  industrious  and  has  increased  the  farm  to  190  acres;  in 
1871  he  married  Martha  Dickey,  and  they  have  3  sons  and  2  daugh- 
ters.    l*resbyterians.     Republican. 

Alexander  Slack  is  a  native  of  England  and  was  born  in  that 
country  April  21,  1822.     He  came  to  this  country  in  1847  and  to 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  693 

the  county  in  1(S49.  His  parents  were  John  and  Anna  Slack, 
Since  Mr.  S.  has  come  to  111.  he  has  been  engaged  in  farming ;  prior 
to  that  time  he  worked  in  a  cotton  mill.  He  married  Miss  Esther 
Cross  Feb.  14,  1844.  Two  children  have  been  born  to  them  :  John, 
who  died  in  England,  and  Wm.  Henry,  who  is  married.  P.  O., 
Norris. 

Charles  A.  Smith,  jeweler,  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Aug.  12,  1851, 
where  his  parents  were  also  born;  father's  name  was  Andrew  E. ; 
emigrated  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1856;  started  in  business  for  himself  in 
1875,  at  Altona,  111.,  and  returned  to  Farmington  in  1879.  In 
1876  he  married  Hattie  Rider,  who  died  Jan.  2,  1878.  Mr.  Smith, 
while  in  Altona,  was  Captain  of  Militia,  Co.  C,  enlisting  in  1876; 
during  the  great  strike  of  1877,  July  23,  Capt.  Smith  received  orders 
to  hold  his  company  ready  for  marching,  and  in  20  minutes  he  had 
20  of  his  men  uniformed  at  the  armory.  The  company  went  to 
East  St.  Louis  and  back  to  Galesburg,  and  took  an  active  part  in 
quelling  the  riot.     Capt.  Smith  is  a  Republican. 

Rev.  Q'cighton  Springer  was  born  May  2,  1829,  in  Muskingum 
Coi,  O. ;  his  parents  were  Isaac  and  Charlotte,  the  former  a  native 
of  Delaware,  the  latter  of  Ohio;  in  1834  the  family  emigrated  to 
Illinois,  and  in  1855  Creighton  came  to  Fulton  Co.  He  attended 
the  Methodist  Seminary  at  Peoria,  and  Judson  College  (a  Baptist 
institution  at  the  time).  Has  belonged  to  the  Conference  since 
1854;  in  1869  was  appointed  financial  agent  of  Hedding  College, 
Abingdon,  but  subsequently  resigned.  His  first  marriage  was  to 
Elizabeth  A.  Barber  Oct.  15,  1857,  and  their  only  child  was  Mary 
C. ;  his  second  marriage  was  to  Sarah  Haskins,  Oct.  20,  1863,  Re- 
publican. 

31.  Tarr,  physician,  was  born  in  Jackson  Co.,  ().,  Aug.  14,  1831 ; 
came  to  this  county  in  1846  ;  studied  medicine  with  an  Indian  doctor; 
in  1857  he  married  Caroline  Wheeler  and  has  had  two  children^ — 
Sophronia  and  Joseph.     P.  O.,  Farmington. 

A.  B.  Thomas  was  born  on  Mt.  Desert  Island,  Me.,  March  12, 
1812,  the  son  of  Abraham  and  Jane  (Berry),  natives  of  Massachu- 
setts; emigrated  to  this  county  in  1837,  arriving  in  June;  he  was 
a  house  and  ship-joiner,  but  for  the  last  20  years  has  been  a  farmer, 
and  very  successful,  owning  at  present  956  acres  of  land,  636  acres 
of  it  in  this  county.  In  the  fall  of  1838  he  married  Mary  Hart, 
and  they  have  had  3  children.  He  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the 
Congregational  Church.  Mr.  Thomas  has  accomplished  a  great  deal 
as  conductor  on  the  U.  G.  R.  R.,  having  in  charge  at  one  time  as  many 
as  14  colored  persons.  In  all  he  has  helped  about  200  out  of 
slavery,  and  wishes  the  number  was  200  times  that.  He  was  an 
Abolitionist  when  it  cost  something  to  be  one.  As  early  as  1844 
he  voted  the  Abolitionist  ticket,  voting  that  year  for  James  G. 
Birney  for  President  of  the  United  States,  the  only  vote  for  Birney 
in  Fulton  county.  Mr.  Thomas  was  in  the  Seminole  war.  During 
his  life  he  has  been  School  Director^  Assessor,  Road  Commissioner, 


694  HISTORY  OF  fulton  county. 

etc.     He  never  drank  intoxicatino:;  li(|iior  or  used  tobacco,  and  has 
never  sued  a  man  or  been  sued  either  for  debt  or  crime. 

Jdiius  Torrcnx,  farmer,  was  b(u-n  fluly  o,  1822,  in  Ireland,  son  of 
Robert  and  Nancy  (Watt) ;  came  to  this  county  in  1849  and  settled 
in  sec.  16,  Farmington  tp. ;  he  now  owns  200  acres  in  this  countv, 
and  is  a  successful  farmer.  In  18r)2  he  married  Lucy  Ann  Pierce, 
and  they  have  two  daughters, — Sarah  Jane  and  Mary  Ann.  Congre- 
gationalists.     Republican.     P.  O.,  Farmington. 

Eli'ven  Tucker  was  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser.  jNIr.  Tucker's 
]xirents  were  Roswell  and  Ann  (Thomas)  Tucker,  and  he  was  born 
in  Hamilton  county,  ().,  March  4,  1814.  He  came  to  this  countv 
in  1841,  and  was  closely  identified  with  the  history  of  the 
county  since.  He  was  one  of  the  largest  property  holders  in  the 
county,  having  over  600  acres  of  land.  Politically  he  was  a  Repub- 
lican. 

J.  3L  Tucker  was  born  in  this  county  May  4, 1846,  son  of  Eleven 
and  Catherine  (Lake)  Tucker,  who  came  to  this  county  in  1841; 
they  are  of  German  descent  and  natives  of  Ohio.  J.  M.  learned 
the  carpenter's  trade ;  at  present  he  owns  94  acres  of  laud.  His 
father  owned  600  acres  when  he  died  June  16,  1874.  In  his  fa- 
ther's family  were  4  boys  and  1  girl.  Republican.  P.O.,  Farming- 
ton. 

W.  H.  Tucker,  farmer,  sec.  82.  This  gentleman  was  born  in  Ful- 
ton county  in  1842;  received  his  education  in  common  schools  and 
the  Canton  high  school.  His  parents,  Eleven  and  Catharine  (Lake) 
Tucker,  are  natives  of  Ohio.  He  was  married  to  Sarah  A.  Vausrhn 
Dec.  4,  1867.  John  L,,  Hattic  and  (xrace  are  the  names  of  their 
children. 

i\\  Tnffle,  farmer,  sec.  20;  P.  O.,  Farmington.  ^[r.  T.  was  born 
in  this  county  in  1849,  and  was  educated  in  the  common  schools. 
His  parents  were  Hazael  and  Elizabeth  (Greenwell)  Tuttle.  In  18(59 
he  was  married  to  Martha  ]\Iills.  Two  children,  both  girls,  and 
living,  have  been  born  to  them. 

Jo/ni  W.  Wdfson  was  born  July  6,  1819,  in  Virginia,  son  of 
David  and  Mary  (Sanders)  AV.,  both  of  Frederick  county,  Va. ;  ed- 
ucated in  Hillslx^ro,  O.,  high  school;  came  to  Illinois  in  1841, 
and  settled  4  miles  southeast  of  Farmington,  on  sec.  19  ;  lived  in 
Peoria  c(»unty  18  years;  was  Justice  of  the  Peace  at  Trivoli,  and 
School  Trustee  five  or  six  terms;  he  married  the  first  time  in  1844, 
Miss  Velira  Homey,  and  they  had  2  sons  and  3  daugiiters;  she 
died  March  26,  1872.  Mr.  A\'.  has  dealt  in  live  stock  in  Farming- 
ton  for  20  years, — 8  years  in  company  with  Samuel  Jack  ;  but  at 
present  is  in  the  grain  business;  feeds  120  head  of  cattle  now,  how- 
ever.    Owns  .']  or  4  houses  in  town  and  land  in  Iowa.     Republican. 

J.  H.  Whifdker,  formerly  a  teacher,  now  a  farmer,  was  born  Feb. 
17,  1853,  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  son  of  J.  N.  and  Anna  (Keller),  his 
father  a  native  of  Massachusetts  and  his  mother  of  Pennsylvania; 
the  family  landed  in  Fulton  Co.  in  1847,  settling  on  sec.  8,  this  tp. ; 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  695 

J.  H.  was  efliioated  at  the  Farniington  high  school  and  in  a  bnsiness 
course  at  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. ;  taujrlit  district  school  8  terms;  taught 
music,  bdth  vocal  and  instrumental,  several  years;  Feb.  8,  1877,  he 
married  Kffie  Moltlirop,  and  they  have  a  son, — Arthur.  Mr.  W.  is 
a  Grccnbackcr,  and  made  '10  speeches  for  his  principles  when  A.  J. 
Strater  ran  for  Congress.     P.  O.,  Farmington. 

W.  H.  n7r^'/(rr,  merchant,  was  born  Sept.  2,  1842,  in  Ohio,  son 
of  Wm.  and  Elizabeth  (Clover),  natives  of  the  same  State;  came 
to  this  county  in  18(ii),  when  he  quit  farming  and  set  up  a  groceiy 
and  hardware  store,  followed  this  business  6  years,  and  then  the 
dry-goods  business  4  years;  is  in  the  latter  business  now,  in  Farm- 
ington.  In  18(51  he  enlisted  in  the  44th  regt.  Ind.  Vol.,  in  Co.  B, 
and  honorably  discharged  May  20,  18G4;  was  in  several  hard- 
fought  battles;  was  under  Rosencrans  in  his  attack  on  Gen.  Bragg, 
forcing  the  latter  back  for  .30  miles;  Mr.  W.'s  regiment  was  under 
fire  the  whole  distance,  and  his  brother  was  killed  in  this  battle 
while  fighting  near  him;  was  also  at  the  battle  of  Chickamauga, 
where  he  was  wounded,  and  was  on  the  battle-field  15  days  before  his 
wound  \\-A§  dressed  or  he  received  any  medical  aid ;  was  taken  pris- 
oner SeptT  21,  1865,  but  was  soon  exchanged.  Nov.  29,  1872, 
he  married  Elizabeth  C.  Cone,  and  they  have  2  children, — William 
and  Julia  May.     Congregationalists.     Republican. 

J.  J.  WorrcL  Among  the  prominent  farmers  of  the  county  is 
Mr.  W.,  who  is  a  native  of  Baltimore  Co.,  Md.,  and  was  born  Aug. 
29,  182(5.  ITis  flither,  Henry  Worrell,  was  of  Scottish  descent,  and 
his  mother,  Harriet  Worrell,  of  German.  Mr.  W.came  to  Fulton 
county  when  at  the  age  of  10  years.  He  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  and  adopted  agricultural  life.  He  now  resides  on  sec. 
33  and  owns  400  acres  of  land.  He  was  married  in  1854  to  Char- 
lotte Ann  Wallace.     AVe  give  his  jmrtrait  elsewhere. 

Hczekiah  Zoo/:,  farmer;  born  Jan.  11,  1844,  in  Pennsylvania,  of 
Dutch  ancestry  ;  educated  in  Fulton  Co. ;  runs  the  old  homestead 
farm,  where  he  and  his  mother  reside;  in  1869  he  married  Hannah 
Stokie,  and  their  children  are  Olive  May,  Charles  Elden  and  Harry. 
Republican. 

TOAVNSHIP    OFFICIALS.  • 

The  following  gentlemen  have  served  the  township  in  the  various 
official  capacities  named.  The  years  of  serving  are  given,  and 
where  more  than  one  date  is  opposite  a  name,  covering  a  period  of 
years,  it  indicates  that  the  official  served  during  the  intervening 
years : 

SUPERVISORS. 

J.  D.  Hand 18.30-54  Saiimel  AVilkinson 18()2-63 

R.  P.  Sajre  1855  W.  C.  Dav lS()4-66 

Johns.  Harris 185(5  Wm.  McCov 18(17 

Sanuiel  Wilkinson 1857  .John  A.  Leeper 1868-70 

J.  Dunn  1858-59  R.  8.  Ramsev 1871-74 

Samuel  Wilkinson 1860  John  A.  Leeper 187-5-76 

W.  C.  Dav 1861  Riley  Bristol 1877-79 


696 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


TOWN     CLERKS. 


John  Biifld  1859-70 

George  W.  Little 1871-72 


C.  W.  Heaton. 

George  W.  Little. 


1873 
1874-79 


ASSESSORS. 


A.  B.  Thomas 1859 

J.  B   Summers 1860 

J.  Dunn 1861 

Eleven  Tucker 1866-68 


Milton  George 

Eleven  Tucker 

James  B.  Summers. 
Chas.  Newcomb 


1869 
1870-73 
1874-77 
1878-79 


COLLECTORS. 


John  Erwin 1859 

F.  W.  Hatch 1860 

Wm.  Caldwell. 1861 

James  Mason 1862 

Peter  Lane 1863 

I'eterW.  Petill 1864 

J.  C.  Leffler 1865 

Thomas  S.  Brown 1866 

S.    Barstow 1867 

F.  M.  Tavlor 1868 


Robert  McAulaj- 

John  S.  Holcomb... 

A.  J.  Strong 

G.  T.  Rider 

Lewis  McFarland... 

Wm.  L.  Taylor 

Albinus  White 

J.  C.  Sloan 

Asahel  Reynolds.... 
James  B.  Summers. 


1869 

1870 

1871 

1872 

1873-74 

1875 

1876 

1877 

1878 

1879 


HARRIS  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township,  which  borders  upon  the  w^estcrn  boundary  line  of 
the  county,  was  named  in  honor  of  John  Harris,  its  first  settler. 
Mr.  Harris  moved  from  B(>rnadotte  township  and  located  ujwn  sec- 
tion 18  of  this  township  as  early  as  1827.  He  erected  a  log  cabin 
and  for  several  years  followed  the  occupation  of  hunting,  finding 
abundance  of  game  in  the  native  forests  and  upon  the  broad,  beau- 
tiful and  uncultivated  prairies.  Mr.  Harris  came  into  the  county 
first  in  182").  He  came  from  Ohio  and  returned,  making  the  round 
trip  on  foot.  Robert  Harris  was  the  first  person  to  die  in  the 
township,  and  ISIary  Bumford  was  the  first  person  born.  The  first 
marriage  was  that  of  Mr.  A.  Day  and  Miss  Katy  Harris.  The 
first  sermon  preached  in  the  township  was  by  Rev.  James  Haney  at 
tlie  cabin  of  Isaac  Sennett  in  1834,  to  an  audience  of  four  persons. 
William  Haney  was  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace.  He  was  elected 
in  1840.  The  first  church  edifice  erected  was  built  in  Marietta  in 
1841,  and  the  first  school-house  was  built  on  section  16  in  18;>9. 
Tlie  town  of  Marietta  is  situated  upon  the  east  half  of  section  16. 
This  little  village  was  founded  in  18.'37  by  Lorenzo  Bevans,  F)enja- 
min  Hoyt  and  others.  At  one  time  it  was  of  considerable  impor- 
tance in  the  history  of  the  county.  At  present  it  contains  about  150 
inhabitants. 

Seville  is  a  point  in  this  township  where  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  railroad 
crosses  Spoon  river.  A  depot,  blacksmith  shop  and  3  or  4  houses 
are  there. 

CHURCHES. 

The  Mavktia  M.  E.  Church  is  an  okl  and  well  established  society 
at  Marietta. 

WilliamH'  Clans  M.  E.  CAf/rcA.— This  congregation  was  organized  in 
November,  1847,  by  John  Williams  and  Amos  Morey.  It  worsiiips 
every  alternate  Sunday  in  the  Williams  scliool-house,  and  consists 
of  20  communicants.  Rev.  J.  E.  Rutledge,  Pastor.  Sunday-school 
each  Sunday. 

Point  Pleasant  United  Brethren  Oiurch,  section  20,  Harris  town- 
ship, was  organized  about  the  year  1855  by  J.  J.  Wyatt.  The 
exact  date  is  not  certainly  known,  but  the  first  conference  of  this 
society  was  held  in  the  Salem  circuit,  in  Marietta,  Dec.  26,  1857. 
This  class  numbered  about  60  communicants  at  one  time,  but 
through  the  instrumentalities  of  death  and  removals,  it  has  been  re- 

42 


698  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

duced,  until  it  now  numbers  about  30,  Services  are  held  every  al- 
ternate Sunday  by  Rev.  David  Martin,  Pastor.  Tliev  worslii])ed 
fur  many  years  in  school-houses,  until  October,  1873,  when  the 
present  Church  structure  was  erected. 

MILLS. 

Fuller's  Mi//. — This  mill  was  built  by  Collins  &  Van  Epps  in 
1841,  and  Jonathan  Jennings  was  foreman.  At  first  it  was  operated 
with  one  set  of  burrs.  Soon  afterwards  it  passed  into  the  hands  of 
Van  Epps,  Trickey  &  Sperry,  who  in  1848  took  out  the  old  ma- 
chinery and  replaced  it  with  new,  under  the  supervision  of  D.  N. 
Wright,  millwright,  of  Avon,  111.  Its  capacity  at  that  time  was 
100  barrels  in  24  hours.  It  was  purchased  by  A.  S.  Fuller  in  the 
year  1853,  for  the  sum  of  ^7,000.  Mr,  Fuller  remo^leled  the  entire 
structure  in  1866,  and  put  in  another  set  of  burrs,  and  its  present 
capacity  is  125  barrels  in  24  hours.  This  mill  is  situated  on  Spoon 
river  on  the  N.  W.  i  of  section  25,  Harris  township,  and  has  done 
more  custom  work  than  any  mill  in  this  section  of  country,  and 
still  has  its  share  of  that  class  of  work.  Mr.  Fuller  is  an  enter- 
prising man,  and  knows  how  to  suit  his  numerous  customers  in 
making  the  very  best  of  flour. 

In  1835  there  was  a  saw-mill  erected  upon  the  opposite  side  of 
the  river  from  Fuller's  Mill.  This  mill  was  put  up  by  Joel  S. 
Reese  and  Jonathan  Jennings. 

PERSONAL    SKETCHES. 

BeloAV  are  personal  sketches  of  the  leading  citizens  and  many  of 
the  old  settlers  of  the  township: 

Samue/  L.  Brick,  M.  D.  The  father  of  Dr.  B.  was  born  in  Salem, 
N.  J.,  and  died  Dec.  4,  1875.  His  mother,  Kachel  (Freshours) 
Brick  was  born  in  Tennessee  in  1814.  He  received  a  common-school 
education,  taught  school  and  read  medicine  from  1868  to  '72,  when  lie 
went  to  Texas  and  began  the  practice  of  medicine.  After  praticing 
for  a  short  time  he  entered  the  Keokuk  ^NFedical  College,  at  which 
he  graduated,  and  in  187(>  began  a  i)ractice  at  Marietta,  where  he  is 
still  engaged  in  his  profession,  enjoying  a  large  practice. 

Major  Bnley,  farmer,  miner,  etc.,  was  born  July  1(1,  ISIS,  in 
Green  Co.,  Ky  ;  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1844,  where  he  has  followed 
farming  in  summer  and  quarrving  and  coal-minin<r  in  the  fall  and 
Avinter.  Aug.  11,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  F,  lO.'.d  111.  Vol.  Inf, 
for  the  war;  participated  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  and  in  the 
battles  of  Mission  Ridge,  Dallas,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  etc. ;  and  was 
honorably  discharged  in  June,  1865.  ^Nlarch  .'51,  1842,  he  married 
Flora  A.  Reynolds,  and  they  have  had  9  children;  5  are  living. 
He  married  a  second  time,  Charlotte  Cooper,  May  14,  1873,  His 
father.  Win.  Buley,  was  born  near  Richmond,  Va.,  about  1789; 
settled  in  Indiana  in  1824;  and  died  in  1849,  Major  B.  is  liberal 
in  politics,  voting  for  the  man  and  not  the  party. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  699 

George  Caley,  son  of  Chambers  Caley,  was  born  in  Yorkshire, 
Eng.,  Feb.  20,  1833;  crossed  the  ocean  with  his  parents  in  1839  and 
located  in  Knox  Co.,  O. ;  came  to  this  county  in  1855,  and  is  en- 
gaged in  ftirming  and  stock-raising;  was  married  Oct.  7,  1858,  to 
Nancy,  daughter  of  Stephen  Bliss,  who  was  one  of  the  early  settlers 
of  Bernadotte  tp.,  and  now  deceased.  This  union  was  blessed  with  5 
children,  of  whom  4  are  living.  Mrs.  C.  died  Sept.  27,  1866,  and 
Mr.  C.  married  a  second  time.  This  wedding  occurred  Nov.  27, 1872, 
when  he  was  married  to  Helen  15evans,  daughter  of  Milton  Bevans, 
deceased,  who  was  one  of  the  pioneers  of  Harris.  He  settled  in  Ma- 
rietta and  lived  there  till  his  death,  which  occurred  Nov.  8,  1875. 
Mr.  C.'s  eldest  daughter,  who  is  a  subscriber  for  this  book,  is  now 
teaching  in  district  No.  9,  Harris  tp.,  where  she  had  previously  taught 
2  terms.     In  her  profession  she  has  been  quite  successful. 

Henri/  Coon.s,  harness-maker,  was  born  in  Indiana,  May  25,  1832. 
His  father,  David  Coons,  came  with  his  family  to  Bernadotte  tp., 
this  county,  in  1852,  and  after  establishing  a  comfortable  home  for 
his  family,  he  died  in  Sept.,  1876,  a  member  of  the  United  Brethren 
Church.  '  Henry  enlisted  in  Co.  I,  lU3d  Keg.  111.  Vol.  Inf.,  Aiig. 
24,  1862,  and  lost  his  left  leg  in  the  war,  after  two  years'  service. 
In  1869,  he  established  himself  in  Marietta  as  a  harness-maker; 
Jan.  7,  1872,  he  married  Lucy  Dodge,  daughter  of  Geo.  W.  Dodge, 
who  died  when  she  was  a  child.  Emma,  born  Dec.  26,  1875,  is 
the  only  child  of  Mr.  Coons.  ^Irs.  Coons'  mother,  aged  78,  lives 
with  them.     Mr.  C.  is  a  Democrat. 

Jeremiah  31.  Cramblef,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  son  of  next  men- 
tioned, was  born  Nov.  17,  1834,  in  Jefferson  Co.,  O. ;  family  emi- 
grated t(»  this  tp.  in  1840;  in  Aug.,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  1,  72d 
reg.  1st  Illinois  Volunteer  Infantry  ;  was  discharged  Aug.  7,  1865,  at 
Vicksburg,  Miss.,  after  having  nobly  fought  in  the  battles  of  A^icks- 
burg,  Chami)ion  Hills,  Big  Black  river,  Spring  Hill,  Franklin  and 
others  ;  in  the  last  battle  he  was  wounded.  March  22,  186(),  he  mar- 
ried Nancy  J.  German,  who  was  born  in  Cass  tp.,  and  is  a  sister  of 
James  G.  German,  mentioned  elsewhere.  They  have  had  5  children, 
4  now  living,  viz:  Eli/a  E.,  Fannie  M.,  Eugene  and  Charles  T. 
Staunch  Republican.      P.  ().,  Marietta. 

ThoimiN  C'ramljlef  was  born  in  Maryland,  moved  to  Ohio  in  an 
early  day,  in  1840  came  to  Fulton  Co.,  and  is  the  father  of  7  children, 
one  of  whom  is  Jeremiah  M.,  above  mentioned.  Mr.  C.  has  already 
seen  many  of  the  hardships  of  pioneer  life,  and  now  he  goes  to  Col- 
orado. 

John  W.  Bhmnltf  is  a  native  of  Jefferson  county,  Va.,  and  was  born 
on  Christmas,  1802,  near  the  place  where  John  Brown  was  hung. 
His  parents  moved  to  Kentucky  in  1818,  and  in  1839  he  moved  to 
Indiana.  Mr.  D.  lived  there  until  1850,  when  he  started  for  Iowa, 
but  stopped  in  Fulton  county  and  has  lived  here  ever  since.  He 
raised  a  company  of  men  for  the  Mexican  war,  but  it  was  not  need- 
ed.    He  has  served  as  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Postmaster,  and  in 


700  HISTORY    OF    FUI/rON    COUNTY. 

1847-8  he  was  a  niemhor  of  the  Indiana  Legislature.  He  was  mar- 
ried to  Rachel  Grinard,  a  native  of  Mason  county,  Ky.,  where  she 
was  horn  Aug.  1"),  1<S()7,  on  the  2"2d  of  Sept.,  1825.  They  have 
had  a  family  of  10  children,  of  whom  Eleanor,  James  P.,  Wm.  V., 
Betsey  A.  and  Pratt  are  living.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Baptist  Church.  He  was  bai)tized  Feb.  22,  1828,  and 
his  wife  in  March  of  the  same  year.  They  lived  in  Bushnell,  111., 
for  over  4  years,  but  now,  free  from  all  the  cares  of  an  active  busi- 
ness life  they  are  passing  the  decline  of  life  on  a  farm  in  Harris 
township. 

Pratt  Dimmift,  son  of  John  Dimmitt,  whose  personal  sketch  also 
appears  in  this  work,  is  engaged  in  agriculture.  He  was  born  in 
Montgomery  county,  Ind.,  Oct.  20,  184G.  His  parents  moved  to 
Peoria  county.  111.,  in  1850,  and  soon  to  this  county,  and  now  live 
with  Pratt.  Mr.  D.  has  held  many  of  the  local  offices  of  his  town- 
ship. He  was  united  in  marriage  with  ^liss  Margaret  J.  Wheeler 
March  30,  1871.  Mrs.  D.  was  born  in  Young  Hickory  township, 
Fulton  county.  They  have  a  family  of  4  children :  Warder  D., 
Burton  J.,  Eldana  and  an  infiint.  Mrs.  D.  belongs  to  the  Baptist 
Church.     P.  O.,  Marietta. 

Stephen  Foster,  sec.  28  ;  P.  O.,  Marietta  ;  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1824. 
His  educational  advantages  were  very  poor;  he  came  to  this  county 
in  1857 ;  by  hard  work  and  industry  he  has  made  a  good,  well  im- 
proved farm,  which  was  all  brush  when  he  took  possession  of  it. 
He  is  engaged  in  general  farming.  His  father,  Samuel  Foster,  was 
a  soldier  in  the  Revolution  under  Washington,  and  won  many 
laurels  by  his  bravery  and  valuable  services.  Our  subject  was  mar- 
ried April  22,  1836,  to  Lucina  St.  Clair,  by  whom  he  had  8  children  ; 
of  these  7  are  living;  all  married  but  two,  Frank  and  Almira.  Mrs. 
Foster  was  born  in  Mercer  county.  Pa.,  Aug.  12,  1828.  Her  flither, 
J5radberry  St.  Clair,  was  one  of  the  honored  soldiers  of  the  Revo- 
lution. 

Amos  S.  Fuller,  miller,  son  of  Ezra  and  Phoebe  (Williams)  Ful- 
ler, was  born  Feb.  5),  1827,  at  Fabius,  N.  Y.  His  father  is  dead, 
but  his  mother  is  living  at  the  ripe  old  age  of  85  years,  and  is  resid- 
ing with  her  son  in  this  township,  where  he  owns  and  successfully 
conducts  the  mill  on  Spoon  river  that  bears  his  name.  Mr.  F.'s 
father  moved  to  Lorain  county,  O.,  in  1831,  where  our  subject  lived 
till  1852,  when  he  came  to  Fairvicw.  The  following  year  he  pur- 
chased the  flouring  mill  near  Seville  which  he  has  owned  and  oper- 
ated ever  since.  He  was  married  in  February,  1848,  to  Caroline 
B.  Sherman,  and  they  have  a  family  of  3  children  :  Caroline  L., 
Julia  E.  and  Bradford  E.  Mr.  F.  bought  a  mill  in  Cuba  in  1855; 
livi'd  there  G  years  and  sold  it  to  his  son  in  1879. 

James  G.  German  was  born  in  Cass  township,  Fulton  Co.,  Feb., 
22,  1853,  and  is  the  son  of  James  and  Mahala  (Cannon)  German, 
the  former  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  died  Jan.  17,  18G2;  the  latter 
is  living  in  McDonough  Co.,  111.     The  elder  German  was  one  of 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  701 

the  first  settlers  of  Totten's  Prairie  in  Cass  tp.  Our  subject  re- 
ceived a  good  education  at  Lewistown,  and  is  engaged  in  farming 
with  Mr.  Eli  W.  Smith  in  Harris  tp. ;  P.  O.,  New  Philadelphia. 

George  W.  Green,  mercJiant  and  postmaster  at  Marietta,  was  born 
Dec.  26,  1824,  in  "NV.  Virginia.  He  was  taken  by  his  fatlier,  Hugh 
Green,  to  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  in  1825,  where  he  lived  for  15  years, 
when  he  returned  to  his  old  home,  and  5  years  later  went  back  to 
the  Buckeye  State,  and  in  1849  came  to  this  county  where  he  has 
since  resided.  Mr.  G.'s  mother,  who  is  76  years  old,  resides  with 
him.  He  was  educated  in  Ohio  and  has  held  the  offices  of  Su])er- 
visor.  Town  Clerk,  Assessor,  Collector,  Justice  of  the  Peace  and 
Constable.  He  was  married,  April  24,  1853,  to  Maria  Wilson, 
daughter  of  Charles  Wilson,  of  Bushnell.  She  was  born  in  Harris 
tp.     Abigail  H.  is  the  name  of  their  daughter. 

Willlaia  Hdsfi/,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  was  born  in  Darke  Co., 
Ind.,  Sept.  8,  1832;  in  1836  the  family  emigrated  to  Dayton,  O., 
where  the  mother  died  in  1838;  Wm.  was  bound  out,  but  when  9 
years  of  age  a  Mr.  McCoy  stole  him,  hid  him  under  a  sheep-skin 
and  hauled  him  50  miles, — to  a  place  near  Chillicothe,  O.  ;  for  7 
years  he  trained  and  rode  fast  horses,  among  which  were  those  of 
Jack  Bryant,  that  made  the  best  time  on  record  in  America.  Mr. 
H.  rode  Hoosier  Bill  in  several  States, — a  horse  that  was  never  riv- 
aled in  all  his  races.  Mr.  H.'s  father  left  Dayton  soon  after  the  death 
of  Mrs.  PI.,  and  hearing  that  his  son  was  killed  by  the  cars,  expected 
never  to  see  him  again  ;  but  in  1848  Wra.  succeeded  in  finding  his 
father.  A  young  man  on  board  a  Wabash  steamer  told  him  about 
his  sister  marrying  a  man  named  Hastv,  and  this  wave  him  a  clue  to 
his  father's  whereabouts.  Wm.  was  then  a  herder  for  two  years, 
and  next  a  traveler  all  over  the  United  States.  Served  in  the  late 
war,  in  Co.  B,  84th  111.  Vol.  Inf,  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of 
Perryville,  Ky.,  and  was  discharged.  Sept.  3,  1855,  he  married 
Martha  Howard,  and  they  have  had  9  children,  8  of  whom  are  liv- 
ing. He  settled  in  Harris  tp.  in  1855.  He  also  runs  a  thresher. 
P.  O.,  Seville. 

John  A.  Hensley,  farmer,  born  in  Kentucky,  settled  on  sec.  15, 
this  tp.,  in  1853;  Feb.  28,  1837,  married  Minerva,  daughter  of 
Jacob  Yocum,  who  died  of  cholera  July  10,  1833,  in  Kentucky. 
They  had  9  children,  of  whom  5  are  living.  She  died  Sej)t.  12, 
1864,  and  March  22,  1866,  he  married  Mary  E.  Walker,  a  native  of 
Missouri,  who  died  April  6,  1875.  His  daughter  Eva  now  keeps 
house  for  him.  Mr.  H.'s  fither.  Fielding  Hensley,  was  born  in 
Virginia  in  1792,  and  in  1812  was  taken  by  his  parents  in  emigra- 
tion to  Kentucky.  John  A.  Hensley  is  a  Democrat.  P.  O., 
Marietta. 

George  W.  Hohhs,  son  of  John  Hobbs,  sr.,  was  born  near  Balti- 
more, Md.,  Sept.  13,  1813;  was  taken  by  his  parents  to  JelVerson 
Co.,  O.,  in  1817,  and  came  to  Fulton  Co.,  in  1835,  and  was  one  of 
the  pioneers  of  Harris  tp.     He   planted  the   first  orchard  in  the 


7()2  HISTORY    OF    FUL,TON    COUNTY. 

township,  and  took  the  ]>reminm  on  fruit  from  this  orchard  at  the 
first  county  fair  held  in  Fulton  Co.  In  1876  he  sold  $30  worth  of 
pears  from  one  tree  in  the  orchard.  He  was  married,  April  20, 
1837,  to  Eliza  Humphrey.  The  following  are  the  names  of  their 
children:  George,  deceased,  John  B.,  Addison  R.,  \\'il]iam,  Jane; 
E..,  wife  of  James  Wallace,  merchant,  Lewistown,  Martha,  wife  of 
A.  J.  Franklin,  merchant  in  Nevada.  Mr.  H.  is  a  blacksmith  by 
trade  and  still  has  in  his  possession  an  anvil  which  was  brought 
across  the  mountains  before  the  National  pike  was  built.  He  is  en- 
gaged in  farming;  P.  O.,  Marietta.  He  gave  his  children  a  liberal 
education  and  liberally  provided  for  them  as  they  left  the  parental 
roof.  Mr.  H.  is  the  only  pioneer  in  the  township  who  still  resides 
on  the  old  homestead.  His  land  is  a  part  of  sec.  16,  and  was  the 
first  land  ])urchased  in  the  township. 

Robert  Hood,  proprietor  of  coal  mines,  was  born  June  12,  1832, 
in  Petenweams  parish,  Fifeshire,  Scotland,  and  crossed  the  ocean  to 
Maryland  in  1854;  Sept.  18,  1857,  he  married  Theresa  Mary  Ann 
A'^ivian,  a  native  of  Loudon,  Eng.,  and  they  have  had  8  children,  7 
of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  Hood  opened  the  first  coal  mine  in  Col- 
chester, McDonough  Co.,  and  became  salesman  for  the  company  in 
Quincy.  He  settled  in  Harris  township,  Fulton  Co.,  in  1858,  and 
opened  the  first  coal  mine  in  this  township.  One  miner,  Simon 
Roser,  has  worked  fi)r  Mr.  Hood  fi)r  2.")  years.  Mr.  H.  still  retains 
the  mine  he  first  opened  here,  although  he  has  much  competition. 
Republican.     P.  O.,  Bushnell. 

Charles  Hoirard,  of  Marietta,  was  born  in  Morgan  Co.,  O.,  June 
26,  1822.  His  father,  Samuel  Howard,  was  a  native  of  the  Old 
Dominion;  he  brought  his  family  to  Illinois  in  1831,  in  a  wagon 
drawn  by  3  yoke  of  oxen.  When  they  reached  the  Kickapoo  river 
they  found  the  floor  of  the  bridge  had  been  swept  away  and  the 
river  high.  Thinking  it  dangerous  to  fi)rd,  Mr.  H.  directed  his 
wife  and  the  elder  children  (among  whom  was  Charles)  to  walk  over 
the  remaining  stringer  of  the  bridge,  while  he  took  the  2  smaller 
children  and  the  team  and  attempted  to  ford  the  river.  When  he 
reached  the  center  of  the  stream  the  curr(>nt  was  so  swift  that  it 
turned  the  Avagon  over.  Mr.  H.  caught  his  children  and  made  his 
way  to  shore.  It  was  only  through  the  greatest  exertion  that  he 
succeeded  in  saving  his  oxen.  Charles  Howard,  although  but  9  years 
old  when  he  came  to  the  county,  has  experienced  the  hardships 
of  frontier  lifi".  He  has  ground  corn  in  a  hominy  block,  ])aid  taxes 
with  co(jn-skins,  and  has  been  compelled  to  do  many  things  which 
would  seem  (piite  novel  to  the  young  j)eople  of  to-day.  He  filled 
the  office  of  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  16  years;  has  been  Collector 
for  Harris  and  represented  Harris  and  Cass  in  the  Board  of  Super- 
visors for  8  terms.  He  was  elected  Treasurer  of  Fulton  Co.  in 
1864,  and  re-elected  in  1866.  He  was  married  in  Feb.,  1844,  to 
Susan   Clem,  who  has  borne  him  2  children  :  Nancy  and  Samuel  B. 

Samuel  B.   Howard;  P.  O.,  Marietta;  was  born   in   Fulton  Co., 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  703 

Sept.  IG,  1S50,  and  is  the  son  of  Charles  Howard,  of  whom  we 
speak  further  above.  Mr.  Howard  was  educated  in  Lewistown, 
after  whicJi  he  took  a  Western  tour,  returning  in  1872,  and  Jan.  1, 
1873,  married  Ruth  Hollister,  daughter  of  Munson  Hollister,  of 
Harris  township.  This  union  has  been  blessed  with  4  children. 
Mr.  H.  has  been  engaged  in  farming  since  1873  with  good  success. 
He  has  served  the  people  as  Town  Clerk  for  two  years,  leaving  a 
good  record  in  that  capacity. 

Samuel.  M.  lakes.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  the  son  of  Jonas 
and  Mary  (Duncan)  Ickes,  and  was  born  in  Perry  Co.,  Pa.,  March 
12,  183G.'  His  father,  who  is  still  living,  was  born  in  Montgomery 
Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  3,  1793.  He  tells  us  the  name  Ickes  was  formerly 
Ecke,  a  Saxon  word,  meaning  a  corner.  Mr  I.  erected  Bloomtield 
Academy,  Perry  Co.,  and  his  son  Samuel  was  educated  in  this  in- 
stitution. Our'subject  moved  to  Warren  Co.,  111.,  in  1856,  went  to 
Knox  Co.  in  1864,  and  came  to  this  county  in  1872.  He  was  mar- 
ried Jan.  13,  1859,  to  Miss  Elizabeth  J.  McCartney,  who  was  born 
in  Perry  Co.,  Pa.,  not  over  10  miles  from  where  he  was,  yet  they 
never  knew  one  another  until  they  met  in  Warren  Co.,  111.  This 
union  has  been  blessed  with  6  children,  5  boys  and  1  girl.  William 
and  Robert  are  running  the  farm.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  I.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  M.  E.  Church.  The  great-great-grandfather  of  Mr.  I. 
came  to  Pennsylvania  under  Wm.  Penn,  and  built  a  stone  house  in 
Montgomery  county  in  1717  on  the  1,000-acre  farm  which  he  set- 
tled upon.  This  old  building  stands  to-day  in  good  condition.  Mr. 
I.  farms  during  the  summer  and  teaches  during  the  winter.  He 
taught  7  years  at  Gilson,  Knox  Co.     P.  ().,  Smithficld. 

Sainnel  Lnfz,  school-teacher  and  potter,  was  born  March  11,  1817, 
in  Cumberland  Co.,  Penn.;  his  parents  emigrated  with  him  to 
Augusta  Co.,  Va.,  in  1821 ;  Dec.  23,  1847,  he  married  Elizabeth 
N.  Conner,  a  native  of  Augusta  Co.,  Va. ;  have  had  9  children,  5 
of  whom  are  living;  came  to  this  county  in  1857,  and  settled  in 
Marietta.  He  still  resides  in  the  township,  and  his  P.  O.  Marietta. 
Has  taught  school  in  the  winter  for  40  years, — 4  to  5  years  in  the 
same  district, — evidence  of  popularity.  His  fither,  Samuel,  was  a 
native  of  Pennsylvania,  a  farmer,  and  died  in  1871. 

Joseph  L.  Mackey,  wagon-maker  and  blacksmith,  Seville,  is  a  son 
of  Joseph  and  Elizabeth  (Eoresman)  Mackey,  and  was  born  in  Mc- 
Donough  Co.,  111.,  Oct.  19,  1847.  His  parents  were  natives  of  the 
Keystone  State  ;  his  father  is  a  prominent  farmer  in  McDonough 
Co.,  and  his  mother  is  deceased;  she  died  July  17,  1868.  He  came 
to  this  county  in  1871,  and  located  in  the  village  of  Seville,  where 
he  has  since  successfully  followed  his  trades.  He  was  mairied  Dec. 
16,  1869,  to  Mary  M.Shamblen,  a  native  of  Ohio.  They  had  a 
family  of  4  children  born  to  them,  viz:  Chas.  L.,  George  W., 
James  W.,  ^nd  an  infant,  deceased. 

^  Thomas  H.  McElroij  was   born  June  22,  1808,  in  Jefferson  Co., 
O. ;  was  united  in  matrimony  with  Elizabeth  Humphrey,  Feb.  25, 


704  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

1834.  They  had  born  to  them  a  family  of  8  children,  of  whom  5 
are  now  living-.  Mrs.  McElroy  died  April  2G,  ]87(j.  The  subject 
of  this  sketch  moved  to  Iowa  in  184.'3,  and  returned  to  Ohio,  and 
in  1845  came  to  this  county  and  settled  on  sec.  16,  Harris  tp., 
where  he  now  resides.  Nine  years  of  his  life  in  this  county  he 
passed  as  a  resident  of  Marietta.  AVhen  a  boy  Mr.  McE.  ran  a  flat- 
boat  on  the  rivers  from  Wheeling  to  New  Orleans.  He  saw  the 
first  steam-boat  that  ever  plied  the  waters  of  the  Ohio  river,  which 
he  says  was  in  1812. 

Thomas  J.  McElroy,  farmer  and  stock- raiser,  sec.  16;  P.  O., 
Marietta.  Mr.  McElroy  was  born  in  Marietta,  Fulton  Co.,  Aug. 
23,  1847.  Of  his  father,  Thomas  H.  McElroy,  a  sketch  is  given 
just  above.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married  Nov.  28,  1872, 
to  Miss  M.  J.  McKeever,  who  was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  on 
the  16th  of  Sept.,  1853.  A  family  of  3  children  have  been  born 
to  them,  2  of  whom,  George  H.  and  Ada,  are  living.  Mr.  Mc- 
Elroy is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Nathan  Mclnfyre,  a  resident  of  Harris  tp.,  is  engaged  in  farming; 
was  born  in  Cayuga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  13,  1813;  his  father,  in  honor 
of  whom  he  was  named,  was  a  native  of  the  Empire  State  and  of 
vScottish  descent.  Mr.  Mclntyre  moved  to  Ontario  Co.  in  1835, 
and  to  Illinois  in  1838.  He  is  living  with  his  second  wife. 
He  was  first  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Orthy  I^.  Clark,  July 
4,  1839.  She  was  a  native  of  New  York,  and  died  in  1852. 
By  her  he  had  7  children,  4  boys  and  3  girls,  3  of  whom 
are  living  and  also  married.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Lovina  McBerth  Sept.  13,  1863,  who  is  a  member  of  the 
Christian  Church.  His  son,  "Waterman,  enlisted  in  Co.  G,  103d 
Til.  Inf.,  and  died  in  Washington  Park  Hospital,  Cincinnati, 
O.,  March  27,  1865,  and  buried  in  Sj)ring  Grove  Cemetery.  Of 
his  daughters  Mary  lives  in  Iowa,  Corlista  in  Smithfield,  and  Ce- 
linda  in  Irocpiois  Co.,  111. 

Dr.  A.  H.  Medus  was  born  on  the  22d  of  Feb.,  1821,  at  Derby, 
Ct.  In  1833  he  moved  with  his  parents  to  New  York,  and  from 
there  he  moved  to  Missouri  in  1852,  where  he  followed  his  ])rofes- 
sion.  In  1877  he  came  to  Harris  tp.  He  was  educated  at  Amherst, 
Mass.,  and  is  a  graduate  of  Pittsfield  (Mass.)  Medical  College.  He 
was  married  Dec.  3,  1856.  While  a  resident  of  Missouri  he  was 
an  intimate  friend  of  Judg(>  R.  E.  Hill  and  Dr.  Lehew.  In  1878 
the  Doctor  opened  a  coal-bank  ui)on  the  farm  where  he  lives.  He 
also  has  one  of  the  finest  sand-banks  in  Fulton  Co.,  both  of  which 
are  easy  of  access.  Dr.  M.  is  also  quite  extensively  engaged  in 
gardening.      P.  O.,  Bushnell. 

Win.  H.  Mil/cr,  farmer,  was  l)orn  in  Cass  tp.,  this  Co.,  Sept.  16, 
1841,  and  is  the  son  of  M.  D.  Miller,  of  SmithHeld.  His  mother's 
maiden  name  was  Susan  Wanghtel,  sister  of  Henry  Waughtel,  Cass 
tp.  The  family  have  experienced  the  privations  characteristic  of 
pioneer  life  in  this  country.     Nov.  27,  1864,  he  married  Martha  J. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  707 

Coons,  aiul  they  have  had  3  children,  of  whom  Henry  E.  and  John 

D.  are  living.     Democrat.     P.  O.,  Marietta. 

Joseph  C.  Morgan  was  born  in  Fulton  Co.,  Nov.  21,  1847,  and  is 
the  son  of  Dr.  Darius  T.  Morgan,  a  native  of  New  York,  and  who 
has  been  a  practicing  physician  for  '27  years.  He  is  now  located  at 
Bushnell,  111.  Mr.  M.'s  mother,  ^Martha  Morgan,  7iee  Harris,  is  a 
native  of  Ohio.  He  received  a  common-school  education  in  Fulton 
Co.;  was  married  Aug.  20,  1867,  To  Julia  E.  Fuller,  daughter  of 
Amos  S.  Fuller,  whose  biography  ap])ears  in  this  work.  8he  was 
born  Oct.  19,  1850,  in  Lorain  Co.,  ().,  and  is  a  member  of  the  M. 

E.  Church.     Mr.  M.  is  engaged  in  farming.     P.  O.,  Seville. 
Robert  Orr  was  born  in  Scotland  Jan.  1,  1835,  and  he  is  the  son 

of  Robert  O.  and  Margaret  (Nicol)  Orr,  who  lived  near  the  })lace 
where  Robert  Burns  was  born,  when  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
born.  He  was  married  to  Jane  Oliver  April  22,  1860.  She  is  also 
a  native  of  Scotland  and  was  born  in  the  town  of  Kilmarnock,  10 
miles  from  the  birthplace  of  Burns.  They  have  had  born  to  them  6 
children,  3  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  O.  came  to  this  country  in 
1857  and  to  Illinois  in  1861,  and  in  1867  moved  upon  the  farm  upon 
which  he  now  resides.  In  1876  he  moved  to  Iowa  but  returned  to 
Harris  tp.  the  following  year.  He  expended  a  large  sum  of  money 
prospecting  for  coal  in  McDonough  and  Warren  counties.  While 
mining  for  coal  in  Kewanee  June  27,  1862,  the  bank  caved  in  upon 
him  and  crippled  him  for  life.  In  1866  he  opened  a  coal  bank  on 
his  farm  and  has  operated  it  since.  The  stratum  of  coal  he  works  is 
about  28  inches  thick  of  an  excellent  quality,  and  he  sells  large 
quantities,  it  being  easy  of  access.     P.  O.,  Bushnell, 

(t.  L.  I'dtferson  is  a  native  of  the  Prairie  State  and  was  l)orn  in 
Coles  Co.,  June  26,  1833,  and  at  the  age  of  3  years  he  was  brought 
to  this  county  by  his  parents,  where  he  has  since  made  his  home,  yet 
his  life  has  been  largely  spent  in  traveling  and  laboring  in  different 
States  for  the  suj)port  of  his  widowed  mother  and  her  family.  He 
has  traveled  through  and  worked  in  15  different  States;  served  one 
year  in  the  late  war.  From  1857  to  1861  he  was  in  the  employ  of 
the  U.  S.  Government,  swinging  the  ox-whip  over  his  slow  team  in 
crossing  the  Western  plains.  He  was  married,  Oct.  10,  18(51,  to 
Nancy  Kidd,  who  has  borne  him  6  boys  and  one  girl,  all  of  whom 
are  living  at  home.     P.  O.,  Marietta. 

James  Martin.  Seamans,  farmer,  was  born  Sept.  27,  1828,  in  Butler 
Co.,  O.,  and  is  the  son  of  James  and  Hannah  Seamans,  the  former 
a  native  of  the  Buckeye  State  and  the  latter  of  I)arl)y  Plains,  N. 
Y. ;  she  was  born  April  2,  1807.  They  live  in  Sheridan  Co.,  Mo. 
Our  subject  moved  to  Gibson  Co.,  Ind.,  in  1845,  to  McDon- 
ough Co.,  111.,  in  1850  and  to  Harris  tp.  in  1867.  He  has  been 
School  Director  and  Constable  here  and  was  Deputy  Sheriff  in 
McDonough  Co.  for  12  years.  He  was  married,  Feb.  15,  1857,  to 
Miss  Sarah  Hay  hurst.  They  have  had  8  children,  4  of  whom  are 
living.     The  other  4  died  of  typhoid  fever.     The  names  of  those 


708  HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 

living  are  Hannah,  Marcrarot,  Ellen  and  Maria :  the  two  latter  are 
married.  Mr.  S.  owns  a  good  farm  of  'iOO  acres;  never  had  a  law- 
!-uit  in  his  life.     P.  O.,  Bushnell. 

Roxie  A.  (Cramblet)  Smith,  wife  of  Eli  W.  Smith,  was  born  in 
Marietta,  Fulton  Co.  Mr.  Smith  came  to  this  county  with  his 
parents  in  1852.  He  is  a  native  of  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  and  is  engaged 
in  farminj;  and  stock-raisin<r.  Thev  have  one  son,  Jerrv  E.  P. 
O.  address,  New  Phihulelphia.   " 

Charles  E.  Spear.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Alton, 
111.,  April  12,  1851,  and  is  the  son  of  Lewis  and  Lurene  (Stow) 
Spear,  the  former  a  native  of  Highland  county,  Ohio,  and  the  latter 
of  Kentucky.  They  are  now  living  at  Normal,  111.,  where  Mr.  S. 
was  educated.  He  began  teaching  in  Randolph,  McLean  county, 
111.,  in  1873,  where  he  remained  3  terms,  taught  one  year  in  Taze- 
well county,  and  in  1876  came  to  Fulton  county,  where,  in  the 
town  of  Marietta  he  has  very  successfully  taught  school  for  two 
years.     Is  now  preparing  to  enter  the  legal  held. 

Chrnelius  Timerman,  farmer,  was  born  in  Preston  county,  Va., 
Nov.  10,  1825.  His  father,  John  T.,  of  German  descent,  moved 
with  his  family  to  Ohio  in  1820,  then  a  wilderness,  and  died  there. 
The  tiimilv  then  mio^rated  to  Tuscarawas  countv,  O.,  no  less  a  wild- 
erness,  infested  with  wolves  and  panthers.  Jan.  25,  1849,  Cornelius 
married  Mary  E.  Ferguson,  by  whom  he  had  9  children  ;  7  of  them 
are  living ;  married  a  second  time,  Nov,  15,  1873,  to  Annie  E.  Cole- 
man, daughter  of  Isaac  Coleman,  now  living  in  Arkansas,  and  has 
had  3  more  children.  Republican  "to  the  back  bone."  Residence, 
sec.  20 ;  P.  O.,  Marietta. 

John  G.  Wat.^on,  blacksmith;  P.  O.,  Seville;  was  born  in  Scot- 
land in  June,  1832;  came  to  this  country  in  1852  and  settled  in 
Columbus,  O. ;  from  thence  moved  to  Belmont  county  in  1854,  and 
to  Wheeling,  \V.  Va.,  the  same  year.  In  1857  returned  to  Ohio, 
and  the  same  year  moved  to  Warren  county,  111.,  to  Avon  in  1863, 
to  Knox  county  in  1867  and  back  to  Avon  in  1869.  He  then 
moved  to  Harris  tp.  He  was  married  March  31,  1854,  to  Eliza- 
beth Early  of  Belmont  county,  O.  She  was  born  March  25,  1835, 
in  Ireland.  There  has  been  13  children  bom  to  them,  only  5  of 
whom  are  living.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs,  W.  are  connected  with  the 
M.  E.  Church  at  Avon.  Mr.  W.  was  in  the  employ  of  the  famous 
veterinary  surgeon.  Dr.  Gray,  of  Scotland,  for  several  years,  and  it 
may  thus  be  known  that  he  is  a  good  shoer. 

JJolphin  Weaver,  farmer,  emigrated  from  Kentucky  to  Peoria  Co., 
Ill,,  in  1845,  and  in  1848  settled  in  Marietta,  where  he  resided  5 
years,  4  of  which  he  was  Justice  of  the  Peace,  In  1853  he  moved 
to  his  farm  in  Harris  township,  where  he  has  since  resided.  Sept. 
13,  1827,  he  married  Sally  Smith,  by  whom  he  had  9  boys  and  2 
girls:  of  these  but  two  are  living.  Jan.  26, 1858,  he  married  Maria 
Sexton,  by  whom  he  has  had  11  ciiildren.  His  son  Henry  Harri- 
son lost  his  life  as  a  scddier  in  the  last  war.     Mr.  W.  is  a  member  of 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  709 

theU.  B.  Church,  luul  u  (jreenbacker.  P.  O.,  Seville.  His  parents 
emigrated  from  Virginia  to  the  very  spot  in  Kentucky  where  Daniel 
Boone  was  captured,  now  called  Big  Blue  Licks.  His  father,  how- 
ever, was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  and  died  in  1850  in  Kentucky,  of 
cholera. 

Jacob  B.  Welch,  farmer  and  minister,  was  born  in  Clay  county, 
Ind.,  June  27,  1835,  and  came  to  this  State  in  1852.  His  father, 
James  Welch,  was  a  native  of  Kentucky,  and  died  there  the  same 
voar  that  Jacol)  R.  was  born,  his  last  illness  having  been  contracted 
while  there  with  a  drove  of  horses  from  Indiana.  Shortly  afterward 
the  mother  took  Jacob  R.,  her  only  child,  on  horseback  to  Kentucky, 
to  attend  to  some  business  affairs.  On  attaining  manhood,  Jacob 
R.  married  Almeda,  daughter  of  Gabriel  Baughman,  of  Cass  tp., 
Oct.  K),  18G2,  since  which  time  they  have  had  a  family  of  5  boys 
and  3  girls:  3  boys  are  living,  girls  all  dead.  Sarah  Melinda,  their 
only  daughter  at  the  time,  was  burned  to  death  while  watching  the 
house  of  a  neighbor,  to  give  the  latter  opportunity  to  nurse  the 
little  brother  of  the  former,  sick  with  cerebro-s])inal  meningitis. 
She  was  an  intelligent,  obedient  and  affectionate  little  girl.  3*lr.  and 
Mrs.  W.  are  members  of  the  Christian  Church.  He  operates  a 
coal  mine  on  his  farm,  in  connection  with  his  other  business. 

George  Wefzel,  farmer  and  stock-raiser ;  P.  O.,  New  Philadelphia ; 
was  born  in  Cumberland  Co.,  ().,  Nov.  12,  1808.  His  })arents, 
George  and  Catharine  (Wunderlich)  AVetzel,  were  of  German  de- 
scent. His  father  moved  with  his  family  to  Augusta  Co.,  Va.,  in 
1812,  where  he  spent  the  remainder  of  his  days  and  where  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch  remained  till  1845,  when  he  came  to  Fulton  Co. 
and  settled  upon  sec.  30,  Harris  tj).  This  land  was  unimproved  and 
a  portion  of  it  covered  with  brush  which  has  since  grown  to  timber. 
When  Mr.  W.  arrived  in  Harris  tp.  all  of  his  earthly  j)ossessions  con- 
sisted of  a  wife,  7  children,  a  team  and  wagon  and  household  furni- 
ture. Under  such  circumstances  his  chances  for  remaining  ])oor 
were  very  flattering.  ]5ut  he  has  been  blessed  with  very  industrious 
sons,  who  aided  him  to  improve  their  now  beautiful  farm.  He  re- 
ceived a  limited  education  in  the  subscription  schools  of  Virginia; 
was  Ca])tain  of  a  volunteer  rifle  coni]iany  in  Ohio  and  afterwards 
Captain  of  a  comj)any  of  artillery.  He  was  married  April  21,  1828, 
to  Sallie  Xebergall,  who  is  of  German  descent  and  was  born  in  Vir- 
ginia, April  11,  1810.  They  are  the  parents  of  7  boys  and  3  girls: 
John  X.,  Christoj^her,  Geo.  W.,  Wm.  H.,  Ahaz  B.,  Mary  C, 
Daniel  W.,  Sarah  M.,  Granville  L„  and  Kliza  J.,  all  of  whom  are 
married  and  live  near  their  old  home  excej)t  A\  ilHam,  who  lives  iu 
Kansas.     Christopher,  Ahaz,  and  Daniel  were  in  the  late  war. 

Joseph  JI.  Wheeler,  farmer,  P.  O. ;  Marietta ;  is  a  son  of  James 
Wheeler,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  and  was  born  in  Fulton  Co. 
Sept.  11,  1843.  He  has  lived  in  the  county  all  of  his  life  with  the 
exception  of  3  years  spent  in  the  late  war  and  2  years  in  Iowa.  He 
enlisted  Aug.  6,  1862,  in  Co.  B,  103d  111.  Inf.,  and  participated   in 


710  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

the  following-  battles  :  Vieksburg,  Atlanta,  Chattanooga,  Missionarv 
Ridu-e,  BentoMville  and  others;  was  discharged  July  7,  1865.  He 
married  Elizabeth  Fjaiinev,  April  5,  1866,  who  has  borne  him  3 
children.     Jennie  May  is  the  onlv  one  livinir. 

Francis  M.  WiU'muis,  farmer  and  stock-raiser ;  P.  O.,  Bushnell ; 
is  a  son  of  John  Williams  and  was  born  in  xVdams  Co.,  O.,  Dec.  1, 
1833.  He  came  to  Hlinois  in  1835  and  settled  near  Rockford,  which 
at  that  time  was  but  one  house.  From  there  he  moved  to  McLean 
county,  and  then  to  this  county  and  lived  here  3  months  before  he 
saw  a  white  person  except  his  own  company.  The  family  pounded 
corn  in  an  iron  kettle,  and  ground  buckwheat  in  a  cott'ee-mill.  The 
The  tirst  time  John  Williams  went  to  mill  after  coming  here  he  went 
80  miles  and  was  gone  3  weeks.  When  a  boy  Mr.  W.  often  played 
^vith  the  Indian  boys.  Mrs.  Williams'  grandfather  was  stolen  by  the 
Indians  when  only  7  years  old  and  taken  to  Ohio  and  kept  for  20 
years.  F.  M.  Williams  ^vas  married  to  Sarah  Foster  Oct.  8,  1862. 
She  is  a  native  of  Fairview  township.  They  have  a  family  of  7 
children,  3  boys  and  4  girls.  Mr.  W.  has  held  various  local  official 
positions  and  at  present  represents  Harris  tp.  in  the  Board  of  Super- 
visors. 

F.  H.  Yonnn,  farmer,  was  born  in  Clay  Co.,  Ind.,  Feb.  29,  1852 ; 
brought  to  Illinois  by  his  parents  in  1854;  resides  on  sec.  17,  Har- 
ris tp. ;  married  Maria  Snook  Aug.  31,  1871;  they  have  had  5 
children,  of  whom  3,  Solomon  W.,  Henry  S.  and  Effie  L.  are  living. 
Democrat.  P.  ().,  New  Philadelphia,  McDonough  county.  Mr. 
Yocum's  father  (Solomon)  ^vasborn  in  Kentucky,  settled  in  Indiana, 
and  now  resides  in  Sheridan  county.  Mo. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 

The  following  is  a  full  and  complete  list  of  the  Supervisors, 
Clerks,  Assessors  and  Collectors  serving  in  this  township  since  its 
organization : 

SUPERVISORS. 

George  Bam  ford 1850-51  George  Bam  ford 1865 

James  Manlev 1852  ('has.  Wilson 1860-6" 

Amos  Morcy 1853-54  John  W.  Dinimitt 1868 

Joshua  Hancv 1855  G.  \V.  (ireeno 18ii9 

Charles  Howard  1856  F.M.Williams 1871-72 

George  Bamford 1857  Chas.  Howard 1873-75 

Charles  Howard 1858-9  E.  B.  Tlirockmorton  1876-77 

Charles  Wilson  1860-64  F.  M.  Williams 1878-79 

TOWN    CLERKS. 

Jackson  MeCaughey 1850-53  Samuel  Lutz 1871 

D.  T.   Morgan 1854  55  J.  M.  Wallace 1872 

Jackson  MeCaughev 185(i-6l  G.W.Greene  1873 

Chas.  Howard ." 1862-63  H.M.Harrison 1874 

Jas.  McCance 1864  Danirl  ('hainl)ers 1875 

G.  W.  Greene 1865-67  S.  B.  Howard 1876 

Wm.  F.  W.dl.iee 1S68  Daniel  ( 'hambers 1877 

T.B.  Smith  1869  Geo.  W.  Greene 1878-79 


G.  W.  Gnene, )  .n.,^ 

J.  M.  Wallace,  / ^^'^ 


iriSTOr.Y    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  711 


ASSESSORS. 


Chas.  Wilson 1850-52  Richard  Osborn 1865 

Joshua  Haney 1858-54  Win.  Wilson 1866 

James  Maniev 1855  Wm.  McDermott 1867 

Richard  Oslxirn 1856  John  Hobbs 1868 

G.  W.  ("reeni' 1857  Joseph  Jackson 1869 

D.  H.  ('raml)let 18.58-59  L.  M.  Donelly 1870-72 

John  Drunnnond  1860  Joseph  McCance 1878 

John  Williams 18()1  E.B.Throckmorton 1874-75 

John  A.  Henslev 1  (>•?  Geo.  W.  Greene 1876-77 

W.  D.  Bevans...". 1868  John  Hanser 1878 

Joshua  Haney 1864  E.B.Throckmorton 1879 

COLLECTORS. 

John  Harris 1850-51  Jacob  Manley 1867 

T.  H.  McElroy 1852  NeAvton  Williams 1868 

John  Harris  1S.53  Fantlerov  Jones 1869 

John  Davis 1854  AVm.  McCance 1870 

T.  H.  McElroy 18.55-59  Wm.  Mancy 1871 

Richard  Osborn 18(50  James  Osborn 1872-73 

Wm.  D.Bevans 1861  Pratt  Dimmitt 1874-75 

Thomas  H.  McElroy  1862  T:  H.  McElroy 1876 

Wm.  D.Bevans 1863  Alfred  Coons 1877-78 

Samuel  Lutz 1864-65  Joseph  McCance 1879 

E.  F.  Osborn 1866 


^^^z^ 


ISABEL  TOWNSHIP. 

It  was  in  this  township  that  the  first  habitation  for  a  white  man 
in  Fulton  county  was  erected.  Over  three  score  years  ago  Dr. 
Davison  came  from  his  Eastern  home  and  located  in  the  dense 
forest  upon  the  bank  of  Spoon  river  in  this  township.  How 
long  he  had  lived  here  before  he  was  discovered  by  John  Eveland 
is  not  known,  but  doubtless  for  many  years.  Dr.  Davison,  who  is 
spoken  of  in  the  first  cha])ter  of  this  work,  was  the  first  white  man 
to  make  iiis  home  between  the  Missis!<i))pi  and  Illinois  rivers.  He 
was  leading  the  life  of  a  hermit,  and  as  soon  as  settlers  be- 
gan to  be  numerous  here,  he  gathered  his  effects  into  a  little  boat, 
floated  down  Spoon  river  to  the  Illinois,  and  paddled  his  way  up 
that  stream  till  he  reached  Starved  Rock,  near  the  present  city  of 
Peru,  where  he  landed,  lived  a  few  years  and  died. 

This  township  was  settled  very  early  by  others  besides  Mr.  Davi- 
son. As  early  as  1822  James  and  Charles  Gardner  came  from  the 
"Sangamo  country  "  and  located  in  Isabel  township  upon  section  34. 
Here  Mr.  James  Gardner  lived  until  his  death,  which  occurred 
only  a  few  years  ago.  Ilis  brotlier  returned  to  Sangamon  county, 
where  he  died. 

The  townshij)  contains  some  fine  farm  land,  and  under  as  high 
state  of  cultivation  as  any  in  the  ('ounty.  To  illustrate  how  rajiidly 
timber  has  grown  since  the  country  Mas  first  settled,  and  how  un- 
fi)unded  the  fear  of  the  pioneers  that  the  country  Mould  soon  be 
barren  of  timber,  we  will  speak  of  a  striji  of  timber  upon  ^Ir.  Dun- 
can's farm.  At  one  tinu'  since  they  came  there  the  ground  from 
Avhich  now  tower  lofty  fi)rest  trees  was  used  a  grain  field.  It  was 
])l<i\ved  and  cultivated  as  other  parts  of  the  farm  for  a  while,  when 
it  was  left  idle.  Trees  soon  started  up,  and  now  some  are  60  to  75 
feet  in  height.  From  these  few  acres  of  timber  rails  enough  could 
be  obtained  to  fence  his  large  farm  into  o-acre  fields. 

As  early  as  l(S2i)  a  saw-inill  was  erected.  Then  the  well-known 
Duncan's  mill  Mas  put  uj). 

Duncan's  Mills  is  a  small  place  of  business  M-ith  postoffice, 
on  section  8  and  on  Spoon  river,  deriving  its  name  from  the  grist- 
mill at  that  ])oint  fitrmerly  OM'ned  and  operated  by  George  Duncan, 
an  early  settler  here  and  a  very  highly  respected  citizen.  From 
1840  to  185o,  perhaps  for  a  greater  length  of  time,  his  was  the 
largest  grist-mill  Mithin  a  radius  of  15  or  20  miles. 

Point  Isabel  is  an  old  shipj)ing  point  on  the  Illinois  river,  at  the 


HISTOKY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  713 

mouth  of  Spoon  river  and  directly  opposite  Havana,  being  on  the 
southeast  quarter  of  section  29.  It  is  now  the  southern  terminus 
of  the  Fulton  County  Xarrow-tnuige  railway  soon  to  be  finished  to 
Fairview,  and  thus  the  place  will  have  enlarged  o])jiortunities  for 
trade. 

Otto  is  a  postoffice  on  section  30,  on  Otter  Creek. 

PERSONA  L-  SK  KT(  11     H ISTORY. 

Tiie  jiersonal  history  of  any  comnuinity  contains  the  most  inter- 
esting features  of  its  history.  We  s})eal<;  of  the  prominent  peoj)le 
and  early  settlers  as  ])art  of  the  history  of  the  township. 

Jease  Benson,  whose  j)ortrait  we  give  in  this  volume,  was  born  at 
Avon,  Ivivingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  2,  1804,  and  there  grew  uj)  to 
manhood.  In  earlv  life  he  was  eno;ineer  in  the  construction  of  the 
New  York  ct  Erie  canal.  He  first  came  to  Fulton  county  with 
Moses  Freeman  in  March,  1828,  and  after  looking  at  the  country 
returned  home  the  same  year.  Sept.  15,  he  joined  a  company  com- 
]M)sed  of  Isaac  Benson,  Moses  Lewis,  Alexander  and  Richard  W. 
Freeman  (including  the  families  of  Moses  and  Lewis  Freeman), 
built  a  boat  and  came  to  Illinois  by  way  of  the  Alleghany,  Ohio  and 
Mississip])i  rivers,  arriving  in  St.  Louis  in  Nov.,  1828,  where  they 
remained  all  winter;  the  following  spring  they  came  up  the  Illinois 
river,  laiuling  at  the  mouth  of  Spoon  river  April  15,  1829;  the  fol- 
lowing spring  he  took  atrip  to  the  north  ;  while  absent  he  hel])ed  to 
re-build  Fort  Dearborn  in  Chicago  when  there  were  only  a  black- 
smith shop  and  a  very  few  other  buildings  in  the  place.  About 
1831,  in  company  witli  the  l^reemans,  he  built  (piitc  an  extensive 
mill,  on  sec.  (5,  Isabel  tp.,  for  grinding  and  sawing,  on  Sjjoon  river 
near  where  the  old  Hackelton  bridge  used  to  stand  ;  but  a  big 
freshet  and  the  use  of  quicksilver  from  the  hands  of  some  ill-disposed 
j^erson  washed  the  foundation  from  un(h'r  the  building  so  much  that 
they  were  in  danger  of  losing  their  valuable  structure,  when  they 
removed  the  building  to  Beardstown,  a  ])art  of  the  machinery  Ix'ing 
used  in  a  mill  on  Otter  creek  where  they  operated  successfully  for  a 
number  of  years.  ^Ir.  Benson  and  the  Freemans  made  brick  of 
which  the  ]>rcsent  court-house  was  built. 

Mr.  lienson  was  first  married  in  1834  to  ]\Iiss  Mary  W.  Hackel- 
ton, sister  of  Maj.  Hackelton,  an  ollicci-  in  the  Mexican  ami  l)hick 
Hawk  wars.  She  died  June  3,  18.')5.  His  second  marriage  oc- 
curred Jan.  1,  1842,  with  Miss  Mary  A.  Hcndcc.  This  lady  died, 
and  he  again  nuirried,  in  1851,  to  ^liss  Harriet  E.  Ilendee.  His 
third  and  last  wife  has  been  dead  four  or  five  years.  He  was  the 
father  of  12  children,  10  of  whom  are  living. 

Mr.  Benson  was  an  Adventist  in  his  religious  views.  He  was 
widely  known  throughout  this  county  and  greatly  honored.  Mr. 
Benson  held  many  local  offices;  indeed  he  was  not  free  from  official 
responsibilities  for  perhaps  a  third  of  a  century.  Thirty  years  ago 
he  was  one  of  the  three  Associate  Judges  of  the  county ;  was  also 


714  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

frequently  elected  Assessor.  To  this  day  his  efficiency  in  these  sta- 
tions are  remembered  and  commented  upon  by  the  ])ioneers  as  a 
pleasant  memory  of  pioneer  lite.  Socially  he  was  remarkable  for 
his  genial  and  hospitable  characteristics.  He  was  attached  to  his 
home  and  his  chiUlren,  as  their  grief  at  his  death  most  pointedly 
attest.  He  had  been  in  failing  health  for  many  months,  caused  by 
falling  from  a  load  of  hay  ;  but  on  the  day  of  his  death  seemed 
stronger  and  more  hopeful  than  he  had  been  in  many  days.  March 
27,  1879,  he  was  sitting  in  his  chair  talking  pleasantly  with  a  neigh- 
bor and  his  children,  when  he  desired  to  lie  down ;  he  declined 
assistance  as  he  walked  to  his  bed  and  lay  down;  within  five 
minutes  he  was  dead.  His  remains  were  buried  at  Freeman's 
Cemetery. 

G.  W.  Brewer  was  born  in  Indiana  Oct.  28,  1838,  the  native  State 
also  of  his  parents,  Bincent  and  Elizabeth  Brewer.  He  came  to 
this  county  in  1850,  and  married  Mary  Ann  Peggs  at  Otto  in  1861, 
who  was  born  in  England  in  1839,  and  they  have  had  4  children,  of 
whom  3  are  living.  Farmer.  Republican.  Sec.  30,  Isabel  tp.  P. 
O.,  Otto. 

Jacob  Brouni  was  born  in  Ohio  Feb.  24,  1826,  the  son  of  George 
and  Xaucy  Brown,  of  the  same  State ;  in  1848  Mr.  B.  came  by  way 
of  the  rivers  to  Fulton  county ;  worked  for  S4  to  87  a  month  before 
coming  here  and  810  to  $15  since,  until  in  three  years  he  laid  up 
$250  and  owned  a  horse ;  worked  at  fanning  two  years  and  bought 
80  acres  of  land  on  7  years'  time,  at  §750,  and  paid  for  it  before  this 
time  expired;  then  bought  another  80  acres  at  81,600  and  paid  for 
it  in  less  than  two  years;  in  1863  he  purchased  80  acres  more,  at 
82,400  cash ;  since  that  time  he  has  bought  760  acres  more.  Aug. 
23,  1853,  he  married  Priscilla  Cornell  at  Lewistown,  who  was  a 
native  of  Meigs  Co.,  O.,  Oct.  26,  1834;  and  they  have  had  10  chil- 
dren, some  of  them  grown.  Has  been  Highway  Commissioner.  Is 
a  stock-raiser,  sec.  21,  Isabel  tp.  Republican.  P.  O.,  Duncan's 
Mills.     Portraits  of  himself  and  wife  are  given  in  this  volume. 

Jane  K.  Brown  was  born  Feb.  13,  ISIO,  in  New  Jersey,  daughter 
of  Joseph  and  Esther  Gordon,  natives  of  Pennsylvania ;  in  1829 
married  Charles  Brown  in  Ohio,  who  was  born  in  Cincinnati,  Ohio, 
Jan.  5,  1809;  came  to  Fulton  county  in  1831 ;  discouraged,  they  re- 
turned East,  l)ut  before  unloading  the  wagon  concluded  they  could 
do  better  out  West,  and  back  to  Fulton  county  they  came  and  set- 
tled on  sec.  20,  Isabel  township,  where  they  have  been  reasonably 
successful.  They  brought  up  14  children,  10  of  whom  are  still  liv- 
ing. Mr.  Brown  died  Dec.  21,  1878,  leaving  her  with  but  one 
child  at  home,  a  vounjj  ladv  21  vears  of  agre.  Mrs.  B.  is  carrvinsc 
on  the  farm  where  her  husband  introduced  the  first  Durham  cattle 
of  the  county.     P.  O.,  Otto. 

Thomas  A.  Broirn  was  born  in  this  township  June  19,  1854,  son 
of  Jacob  and  Priscilla  Brown,  the  former  a  native  of  Harrison  Co., 
O.,  and  the  latter  of  Meigs  Co.,  O.     Our  subject  received  a  fair  ed- 


< 


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^1 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  717 

ucation,  has  filled  offices  of  trust  and  is  at  present  School  Treasurer 
and  Town  Clerk.  He  manages  for  himself  and  father,  on  sec.  26, 
one  of  the  nicest  farms  in  the  township.     Re])ublican. 

Geo.  W.  Clark  was  born  in  (Pallia  county,  O.,  Aug.  27,  1847.  In 
lcS49  the  family  moved  to  Indianaj)olis,  next  year  back  to  Gallia 
Co.,  then  to  Indianapolis  again,  where  they  remained  till  1<S54;  then 
started  for  Chickasaw  county,  Iowa,  with  5  yoke  of  oxen ;  lost 
two  of  his  children  in  Peoria  by  sickness,  but  Avent  on  to  Cedar 
river  and  entered  a  tract  of  land  ;  the  Indians  scaljMug  a  few  natives 
in  his  neighborhood,  Mr.  Clark  took  his  family  back  to  Indianapolis 
in  1.S57,  and  soon  to  Gallia  county,  O.,  again  ;  in  1858  they  emi- 
grated to  Schuyler  county,  Mo.,  and  in  1863  he  was  killed  by 
guerrillas;  the  remainder  of  the  family  removed  to  Adair  countv. 
Mo.,  where  they  all  remain,  except  (ico.  W.,  who  enlisted  in  Co.  E, 
42d  Mo.  Inf. ;  in  1869,  married  Julia  A.  Smith,  born  in  1846  in 
Fulton  county.  111.  Mr.  Clark  is  now  in  the  general  merchandise 
and  drug  business  at  Duncan  Citv. 

JI(ir(/(nrf  Coleman,  residing  on  sec,  18,  Isabel  tp.,  was  born  in 
1819  in  Va.,  daughter  of  Wm.  and  INIary  Hawkins,  natives  also  of 
Va.  Mrs.  C.  first  came  to  Tazewell  Co.,  111.,  where  she  married 
Mr.  Coleman  in  1843,  who  died  several  years  ago.  Thev  had  9 
children.  Mr.  C.  is  successfully  carrying  on  her  farm.  P.  ()., 
Duncan's  Mills. 

John  Craig  was  born  Nov.  18,  1858,  in  Isabel  township,  son  of 
Wm.  and  Elizabeth  Craig,  the  former  a  native  of  Ohio  and  the  lat- 
ter of  Indiana;  in  1844  the}'" came  and  settled  here.  John  obtained 
a  good  education  and  is  now  carrying  on  the  farm  with  his  widowed 
mother.     Sec.  17.     P.  O.,  Duncan's  Mills. 

William  Fanv's,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  see.  15;  P.  ().,  Duncan's 
Mills;  was  born  May  4,  1819,  in  INIissouri,  son  of  John  and  Eliza- 
beth Farris,  natives  of  Virginia.  The  family  first  settled  in  Frank- 
lin Co.,  111.,  in  1821  ;  in  1828  they  came  to  Fulton  county,  and 
have  lived  here  ever  since.  Mr.  Farris  has  been  Commissioner  of 
Highways,  Supervisor,  Assessor,  etc.,  in  Isabel  tp.  He  is  yet  un- 
married, but  has  a  nice  farm. 

Ira  M.  Fish  was  born  in  New  York  in  1826,  son  of  Moses  and 
Debbie  Fish;  emigrated  first  to  Ohio,  then  to  tliis  county  in  1840; 
in  1867  (he  being  then  41  years  of  age)  he  married  Mary  I.  Vaughn, 
who  was  born  near  Vermont,  this  county.  They  have  three  chil- 
dren. Mr.  F.  is  a  farmer,  on  a  nice  tract  of  land,  sec.  16.  P.  ()., 
Duncan's  Mills. 

F.  31.  Fonfrh  Avas  born  in  Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  in  183."),  the  son 
of  John  and  Rhoda  (Ray)  Foutch,  the  former  a  native  of  Ken- 
tucky. The  family  emigrated  to  this  county  in  1835,  where  the 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  educated  in  the  common  schools.  He 
has  served  the  township  of  Isabel  acccj)tably  as  Assessor  and  Col- 
lector. In  1854  he  married  Elizabeth  Leadmon,  a  native  of  Indi- 
ana, and  they  have  had  5  children,  4  of  whom  are  living.  Mr. 
43 


718  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Foutch  was  a  merchant  for  G  years,  but  is  now  a  farmer,  on  sec.  27 ; 
P.  O.,  Duncan's  Mills. 

John  Foutch  was  born  in  Kentucky  in  1806;  when  of  age  he 
married  Rhoda  Ray ;  came  and  settled  on  sec.  22,  Isabel  tp.,  in 
1827,  where  he  still  resides;  commenced  poor  here,  doing  most  of 
the  cultivating  with  a  hoe,  having  only  an  ox  team,  etc.,  but  is  noAv 
a  wealthy  man,  all  owing  to  perseverance  and  economy.  He  has 
had  13  children,  of  whom  12  are  living.  Nine  of  the  children 
were  by  his  second  wife,  Lucretia,  nee  Farris.  Mr.  F.'s  father, 
John  Foutch,  was  born  in  Virginia,  went  to  Kentucky,  married 
Nancy  Wherrott,  moved  to  Indiana  in  1807,  to  Sangamon  Co.,  111., 
in  1823,  where  he  died  in  1845,  Of  his  5  boys  and  5  girls  our 
subject  is  the  eldest  son.  P.  O.,  Havana.  His  portrait  appears  in 
this  work. 

John  H.  Foutch,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Havana. 
Mr.  F.  was  born  in  Isabel  township  in  1848,  son  of  John  and  Lu- 
tetia  Foutch.  In  1878  he  married  Anna  Shirrel,  born  in  AVhite 
Co.,  111.,  in  1856,  and  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church,  They 
have  one  child. 

Dexter  Freeman.  Alex.  Freeman  came  with  his  family  to  Isabel 
township  when  this  country  was  a  wilderness,  undergoing  all  the 
hardships  that  other  pioneers  had  to  suffer,  and  now  resides  in 
Pleasant  tp.  Dexter  was  born  Jan.  5,  1843,  in  Isabel  tp.,  where 
he  still  resides,  a  prosperous  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  owning  240 
acres  of  land.  June  11,  18()5,  he  married  Mary  A.  Lt)ckard :  3 
boys  and  3  girls  are  their  offspring.  Mrs,  F.  was  born  in  Ohio  in 
1845,  and  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church.  Mr.  F.  is  a  Free- 
mason.    P.  O.,  Otto. 

James  Garffner  was  born  in  Isabel  tp.  in  1850,  son  to  James  and 
Delia  Gardner,  natives  of  New  York  and  Ohio  respectively.  In 
1823  they  emigrated  to  sec.  34  of  this  township,  where  the  subject 
of  this  sketch  now  resides.  He  is  a  Republican.  P.  O,,  Havana. 
In  1874  he  married  Martha  K.  Hukill,  born  in  this  township  in 
l''^52.  They  have  one  child  living  and  two  dead.  They  have  a  good 
farm  on  sec.  34,  and  from  their  residence  is  seen  one  of  the  grandest 
views  of  natural  scenery  in  this  region  of  countrv.  One  can  see 
into  Schuyler,  Cass  and  Mason  counties,  looking  over  the  Illinois 
river  vallcv  with  its  htnor  and  weird 

Bam  is  of  Idnish  ^reen 
And  silvery  sbeeu. 

Jame.<i  M.  iMnc  was  born  in  Pleasant  tp,  Feb,  19,  1840,  son  of 
Relaford  and  Catherine  Lane  ;  married  Nancy  Lane  in  March,  1870, 
who  was  born  in  Isabel  tp,  in  1S42,  They  have  had  one  child. 
They  occupy  the  old  home  on  sec.  29,  Isabel  tp.  Mr.  Lane  is  a 
Democrat.  His  father  served  in  the  Black  Hawk  war.  ]Mrs.  L, 
belongs  to  the  Christian  Church.     P.  ().,  Otto, 

Charles  G.  Matthews  was  burn  in  Fulton  county  in   1843,  and  is 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  710 

the  son  of  Montgomery  and  Alice  Matthews.  He  served  3  years 
in  the  late  war,  in  Co.  I,  85th  I.  V.  I.,  and  participated  in  the  bat- 
tles of  Perryville,  Stone  River,  Chickamanga,  Mission  Ridge  and 
otliors  ;  and  was  with  Sliernian  on  his  march  to  the  sea.  He  was 
married  in  October,  18(io,  to  Eliza  Smith,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in 
1848.  They  have  had  4  children,  of  whom  3  are  living.  Sec.  22, 
Isabel  tp.     P.  O.,  Dnncan's  Mills. 

3Iontgomcnj  3Iaffhei('s,  former,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  Duncan's  Mills.  A' 
native  of  Greenbrier  Co.,  Ya.,  born  in  1811,  son  to  Townsend  and 
Nancy  Matthews,  also  natives  of  Va.  The  family  moved  to  Gallia 
Co.,  O.,  in  1815,  where  Montgomery  married  Alice  T.  AValker  in 
1836,  a  native  of  Fayette  Co.,  O.  Emigration — in  1838  to  Sullivan 
Co.,  Ind.,  in  1840  to  Fulton  Co.,  in  1845  moved  to  Wisconsin,  and 
in  1849  back  to  this  county.  They  have  had  9  children,  5  of  whom 
are  living.     Asa  former  Mr.  Matthews  is  successful.     Republican. 

Robert  G.  3IuUca,  sec.  15,  Isabel  tp. ;  P.  O.  Duncan's  Mills;  was 
born  in  Cole  Co.,  Mo.,  Aug.  27,  1837,  the  son  of  Jesse  and  Par- 
mclia  Mulica,  the  former  a  a  native  of  New  Jersey  and  the  latter  of 
Tennessee.  He  iirst  removed  with  his  parents  to  Franklin  Co., 
Mo.,  and  afterward  to  this  county  in  1845,  where  he  grew  to  man- 
hood. He  served  in  the  late  war,  in  Co.  I,  85th  I.  V.  I.,  nearly  3 
years;  enlisted  Aug.  14,  1862,  and  was  discharged  June  20,  18H5. 
He  was  with  Sherman  on  his  noted  march  to  the  sea,  and  partici- 
pated in  the  battles  of  the  Atlanta  campaign,  and  others.  Mr. 
Mulica  has  filled  the  offices  of  Town  Clerk  two  terms,  Supervisor 
one  term,  and  is  at  present  Com'r  of  Highways.  He  was  mar- 
ried, Alay  1,  1858,  to  Isabel  Farris,  by  whom  he  had  10  children: 
9  are  living.  Mrs.  Mulica  was  born  in  Fulton  Co.,  Sept.  9,  1840. 
Mr.  M.  is  a  Greenbacker. 

Bernard  Rogers  was  born  in  1844,  in  Lebanon,  Warren  Co.,  O., 
son  of  James  H.  and  Ann  Rogers,  the  former  a  native  of  New 
Jersey  and  the  latter  of  Ohio.  Emigration — in  1855  to  Mason  C\)., 
111.,  and  in  1874  to  Fulton.  Bernard  is  a  graduate  of  liryant  & 
Stratton's  College,  and  has  taught  school  considerably.  During  the 
war  he  served  in  the  (Quartermaster's  Department  of  the  Cumber- 
land. In  1867,  at  Havana,  he  married  Anna  M.  Buck,  born  in 
1844  in  Mason  Co.  She  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  has 
been  a  school-teacher.  Mr.  R.  owns  190  acres  of  land.  Sec.  14. 
Democrat.     P.  O.,  Havana. 

WiUiam  Rose  was  born  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  in  1853,  the  son  of 
Barnabas  and  Lizzie  Rose,  natives  of  England.  Mr.  Rose  received 
a  common  education,  and  at  the  age  of  21  married  Miss  Martha 
Vaughn  in  1874;  she  was  born  in  1856,  in  Fulton  Co.,  III.;  they 
have  had  one  child.  Mr,  R,  is  a  farmer  with  good  prospect  of  success. 
Isabel  tp.,  sec.  19.     P.  ().,  Otto". 

I).  M.  S/iipp  was  born  Oct.  11,  1832,  in  Ky.,  son  of  Walker  and 
Rebecca  Shipp,  also  natives  of  Kentucky ;  came^o  Illinois  in  1855, 
stopping  in  Richland  Co.,  then  to  Menard,  then  to  Mason,  and  finally 


720  HISTORY    OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 

in  this  tp.  in  1859  ;  formerly  an  operator  of  a  saw-mill,  now  a  farmer ; 
has  been  School  Director  and  Trustee,  Road  Commissioner,  etc., 
and  has  alwavs  been  an  influential  man.  He  built  the  first  levee  on 
Spoon  river.  At  the  age  of  20  he  married  Mary  Seay,  a  native  of 
Ky.,  born  in  1834,  and  they  have  had  3  children,  one  only  now 
living.     Sec.  27,  Isabel  tp..     P.  O.,  Havana. 

Elizabeth  Sterling  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1818,  the  daughter  of  Henry 
and  Caroline  Bolender,  both  deceased.  She  came  with  her  father 
bv  the  rivers,  in  1839,  to  this  county,  landing  at  the  mouth  of  Spoon 
riVer.  She  was  married  to  Mr.  Sterling  in  1843;  they  had  6  chil- 
dren, of  whom  5  are  living.  Sec.  27,  Isabel  tp.  P.  O.,  Duncan's 
Mills. 

Harmon  Thomas  was  born  Dec.  17, 1852,  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  the  son 
of  Jesse  and  Martha  Thomas,  natives  of  Ohio.  Mr.  T.  owns  the  old 
home  farm  where  he  was  born.  In  the  year  1875  he  married  Sarah 
H.  Warner,  a  native  of  Indiana,  born  in  1853.  Mr.  T.'s  occupation 
is  farming.     Sec.  21. 

Jesse  Thomas,  Isabel  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Duncan's  Mills;  was  born  in 
Ohio  in  1833,  the  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Thomas,  natives  of 
Ohio.  His  father  is  deceased.  He  received  a  common-school  edu- 
cation, and  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1843.  He  was  married  to  Martha 
Landon  in  1853,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1836.  They  have  had 
11  children,  of  whom  10  are  living.  Mr.  T.  is  a  well-to-do  farmer 
and  stock-raiser.     Republican. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  township  officials  serving  since  the 
organization  of  the  township,  together  with  the  years  of  serving : 

SUPERVISORS. 

Jeremiah  Farris 1850-51  Win.  Farris 1S66-69 

Rohert  Carter 1852-53  Josiali  Hendeo 1870 

Wm.  Craig 1854-55  T.  B.  Duncan 1871 

Alex.  Freeman 1856-57  John  Lane 1872 

Robert  Carter 1858  Rohert  K.  Walker 1873 

Alex.  Freeman 185!)  James  M.  Lane 1874-75 

C.  J.  Dilworth 18(i0  Rohi'rt  Ci.  MuHca  1876  _ 

John  Lane 1801-64  James  Foutch 1877-79 

Wm.  Craig 18(55 

TOWN    CLERKS. 

Jesse  Benson 1850-59  Robert  G.  Mulica 1872-73 

Wm.  Craig I860  Jesse  Benson 1874-77 

Jesse  Benson 18(51-69  Stephen  J.  Benson 1878 

Rolan<i  C.  Benson 1870  Thomas  Brown 1879 

Hugh  Murrey 1871 


•V 


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ISABEL 


LiBRAfly 
Of  THE 
'  VERSiTy  Of  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


723 


ASSESSORS. 


John  Farris I80O 

Robert.  Carter 1851 

Win.  Craig 18o2-53 

George  Duncan 1854 

Elija  Barnes 1855-56 

Uriah  B.  Sloan 1857 

Davids.  Rav 1858 

John  H.  Diincan 1859 

John  Graham 18  0-61 

Alexander  Beckelhvmer 1862-63 

Wm.  Farris '. 1864 


James  Fouteh 1865   ' 

James  M.Smith 1866 

Fenton  McCartry 1867 

Alex.  Beckelhymer 1868 

Charles  Brown 1869-70 

TliomasLandon 1871 

Wm.  Farris 1872 

Dudley  M.  Shipp 1873 

Wm.  Farris 1874-78 

Frank  M.  Fouteh  1879 


COLLECTORS. 


John  Farris 1850 

Lewis  Freeman 1851-52 

Charles  M.   Geering 1853 

Hiram  Shields 1854/ 

Charles  M.  Geering 1855 

Thomas  Rigdon 1856 

John  Graham 1857 

W.  G.  B.  Kellv 1858 

David  S.  Rav 1859 

John  Lane...'. 1860 

Josiah  Hendee 1861 

Joseph    Stever 1862 

I.  P.  Ames 1863 


Alex.  Beckelhymer 1864 

John  H.  Duncan 1865 

L  P.  Ames 1866-68 

Abraham  Leonard 1869 

James  P.  Smith 1870 

Francis  M.  Fouteh 1871 

John  I.  Holmes 1871 

Hugh  Murrev 1872 

Francis  M.  Fouteh 1873 

Thomas  P.  Kerney 1874 

F.  M.  Fouteh  1875-78 

IraG.  Graham 1879 


JOSHUA  TOAVXSPIIP. 

Perhap>  Fulton  county  cannot  bonstof  a  better  ao;ncultural  town- 
ship than  thi.'?  one.  It  is  bounded  u}>on  the  north  by  Fairview,  the 
east  by  Canton,  south  by  Putman  and  upon  the  west  by  Deerfield. 

The  first  settler  in  Joshua  township  was  Joshua  Moore,  who  im- 
mi<2;ratet  do  Sani>amon  county,  Illinois,  in  1819,  and  to  Fulton  county 
in  1<S24.  Mr.  Moore  settled  on  the  place  well  known  as  the  Moore 
farm,  west  of  Canton  five  miles.  Mr.  Moore  was  accompanied  by 
his  son-in-law,  John  Walters,  who  was  killed  at  Still  man's  defeat  in 
1832.  Mr.  ^[oore  was  a  Methodist,  and  at  his  house  were  held 
many  of  the  earliest  Meth(xlist  meetino:s.  Here,  to  such  ])ioneers  as 
David  W.  Barnes,  the  Sergeants,  the  Bufiums,  John  Hannan  and 
his  family,  old  Father  Fraker,  John  Owens,  Jacob  Ellis,  and  a  few 
others.  Rev.  Randall,  Smith  L.  Robinson  (the  one-eyed  preacher) 
and  Peter  Cartwright  would  ])reach  sermons  full  of  primitive  fire 
and  religious  zeal.  At  his  house  were  held  the  class-meetings  and 
love-feasts,  and  here  were  held  the  merry-makings  wherein  those 
present  had  rarer  sport  than  is  known  to  the  silk  and  velvet  gentry 
of  the  present  fast  age. 

The  story  of  Mr.  Moore's  first  visit  to  the  county  is  related  by 
Mr.  Henry  Andrews,  of  Canton.  It  will  be  remembered,  as  spoken 
of  in  the  first  chapter,  that  Capt.  David  W.  Barnes  M'as  the  first 
settler  in  the  northern  part  of  Fulton  county.  He  erected  his  cabin 
about  two  miles  and  a  half  north  of  Canton.  It  was  customary  and 
exj)ected  in  those  early  days  for  men  who  <\-ere  "prospecting" 
through  the  country  to  put  uj)  at  the  cabins  of ,  the  settlers,  where 
they  were  treated  with  the  greatest  hospitality  and  shown  all  over 
the  country  and  the  best  quarter  sections  pointed  out  to  them.  This 
was  all  done  without  remuneration.  One  day  in  August,  182-*),  two 
men  stopped  at  liarnes'  cabin.  These  were  Joshua  Moore  and  Levi 
Ellis.  Barnes  invited  them  in  the  most  cordial  manner  to  make  his 
house  their  head(|uarters  while  in  the  neighborhood,  and  the  invita- 
tion was  cheerfully  acccjited.  Mrs.  Barnes  announced  to  her  hus- 
band that  the  meat  was  out  that  evening,  and  that  she  did  not  know 
what  she  was  going  to  do  for  something  to  eat.  As  meat  and  corn- 
bread  or  hominy  was  about  the  extent  of  the  pioneer  bill  of  fare  at 
that  period,  this  announcement  was  received  with  some  consterna- 
tion. Barnes  had  no  stock  to  kill,  and  had  neglected  hunting,  from 
the  pressure  of  his  full  work.  Ceorge  Matthews  was  at  that  time 
working  at  Barnes',  and  in  the  morning  he  undertook  to  find  some 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  725 

game.  He  started  out  oast  of  Barnes'  cabin,  and  liad  been  gone 
but  a  few  moments  before  the  report  of  his  gun  was  heard,  and  his 
halloo  for  help  soon  folh:>wed  it.  The  whole  family  started  for  the 
scene  of  action,  anxiousto  know  the  result.  Matthews  had  shot  and 
killed  a  fine  doe  within  a  short  distance  of  the  house,  and  was  pro- 
ceeding to  skin  it.  This  gave  Mrs.  Barnes  relief,  and  she  furnished 
her  guests  an  abundance  of  veuison  during  the  balance  of  their 
stay. 

Moore  purchased  land  in  what  is  now  Joshua  township,  and 
gave  the  township  its  name.  P^liis  afterwards  moved  to  Elllisville, 
which  township  was  also  named  in  his  honor.  He  built  a  mill  at 
the  present  site  of  P^Uisville.  Both  of  them  were  prominent  and 
useful  men,  and  possessed  of  great  influence  among  the  people  at 
that  early  day.     Moore  died  in  1853. 

Mr.  Levi  (i.  Ellis  first  settled  in  this  township  and  erected  al)out 
the  first  mill  in  the  county.  A  few  years  later  he  moved  to  EUis- 
ville  and  Joseph  H.  Gardiner  bought  his  farm  and  mill  in  Joshua. 
Mr.  Ellis  had  erected  a  steam  saw  and  grist  mill  in  Joshua,  the  first 
in  the  township  and  in  all  probability  the  first  steam  mill  in  the 
county. 

Mr.  Ellis  had  previously  run  a  water  mill  on  Put  creek,  which 
was  swept  away  by  flood  in  1835.  Mr.  Gardiner  did  a  large  busi- 
ness and  for  many  years  shipped  flour  to  New  York  city.  He  made 
flat-boats  upon  which  he  would  float  his  produce  to  St.  Louis,  start- 
ing from  Copperas  creek  landing.  After  tiiese  boats  were  unloaded 
he  would  sell  them  to  go  further  south.  At  one  time  he  built  a 
thirty-ton  keel-boat,  and  carried  it  on  wheels  to  Coj)peras  creek, 
where  it  was  launched.  When  the  Illinois  river  was  low  and  he 
could  not  run  a  boat  to  St.  I^ouis  he  would  take  a  team  of  four 
yoke  of  oxen  and  a  team  of  horses,  and  put  on  about  100  bushels 
of  wheat  and  start  for  Chicago,  where  he  would  get  60  cents  to  62| 
cents  per  bushel,  when  wheat  would  only  bring  25  cents  at  home. 
It  would  consume  a  month's  time  to  make  these  trips.  He  would 
return  with  dry -goods  and  other  necessaries.  These  tri[)s  ifs  we  may 
well  suppose  were  very  tedious.  The  roads  in  some  places  crossed 
sloughs  and  were  diflicult  to  get  over.  At  such  places  they  would 
be  obliged  to  hitch  sixteen  to  eighteen  yoke  of  oxen  to  one  wagon 
and  pull  it  across,  the  wagon  sinking  often  to  the  box.  This  they 
were  able  to  do  as  there  would  be  generally  from  fifty  to  one  hun- 
dred teams  in  a  train  going  to  market.  They  camped  out  on  the 
prairies  every  night.  They  turned  their  oxen  out  to  graze  but  tied 
them  up  at  dark.  Mr.  (iardiner  said  it  seldom  cost  any  money  to 
make  the  trip,  but  on  one  occasion  there  had  been  a  prairie  fire  and 
in  consequence  they  were  obliged  to  buy  corn  from  the  settlers 
along  the  route.  This  cost  him  about  $3  for  the  round  trip,  consum- 
ing a  month  of  time. 


■26  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


BIOGRAPHIES. 


We  give  in  connection  with  the  history  of  Joshua,  indeed  as  a 
part  of  its  history,  personal  sketches  of  its  leading  citizens  and  old 
settlers  of  the  township  : 

John  W.  Abbott,  deceased,  was  born  in  the  Keystone  State  Dec. 
12,  181-2,  and  came  to  this  county  as  early  as  1838.  In  1846  he 
bought  land  and  settled  in  Farniington  tp.,  where  he  lived  until 
1865,  when  he  bought  a  farm  in  Joshua  tp.  and  moved  upon  it,  re- 
maining there  until  his  decease,  which  occurred  April  10,  1877. 
During  all  his  life-time  he  took  a  deep  interest  in  educational  mat- 
ters, aidiny;  the  same  both  morallv  and  financiallv.  He  accumu- 
hitcd  a  large  property,  leaving  an  estate  of  800  acres  of  land.  His 
widow  still  resides  upon  the  homestead.  He  was  married  in  Farni- 
ington tp.  to  Christina  Babbitt  in  1837.  She  was  a  daughter  of 
Daniel  Bal)bitt  of  Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  who  settled  in  this  county 
in  1827.  Two  of  the  family,  JaCob  and  Wm.  Babbitt,  served  in  the 
Black  Hawk  war.  Of  the  large  family  of  14  children,  only  6  are 
living,  3  of  whom  reside  with  their  widowed  mother  on  the  farm. 
The  names  of  the  children  are:  Daniel,  Jacob,  John  W.,  Nancy  C, 
Geo.  B.  and  Jeremiah.  Those  deceased  are:  Alexander,  died  at  the 
age  of  25  ;  Sarah  L.,  at  the  age  of  21  ;  Stephen  A.,  at  the  age  of  17, 
and  Elizabeth,  Cynthia,  Silas,  Wm.  A.  and  Bethany  died  in  infancy. 
Of  those  living,  Daniel  and  Jacob  are  attorneys  at  law  in  Canton. 
The  children  were  all  born  on  the  farm  homestead  near  the  Dunkard 
church  in  Farniington  tp.  Mrs.  Abbott  was  a  native  of  Scott  Co., 
Ind.,  and  is  the  only  one  of  the  pioneer  family  of  Daniel  Babbitt 
living  in  this  county. 

Shu/lcton  W.  Ash,  farmer,  sec.  23,  Joshua  tp. ;  was  born  in  Mor- 
gan Co.,  Va.,  March  5,  1834.  His  father  was  a  farmer  and  Single- 
ton worked  also  on  the  farm  up  to  1851,  when  he  with  the  rest  of 
the  family  came  AVest  and  settled  in  Joshua  tj).,  Fulton  Co.,  111. 
On  ]\IarPh  3,  1856,  he  was  married  to  Mary  Jane,  daughter  of 
Jose})h  H.  and  Alargarctte  Gardiner  of  this  township.  They  have  3 
children, — Charles  Eugene,  Lorin  Melville  and  Lucy  Ann.  Mr. 
Ash  is  a  Democrat. 

John  Berger,  miller,  the  son  of  Jasper  and  Gertie  (Wyckoff) 
Berger,  was  born  in  Hunterdon  Co.,  X.  J.,  Aug.  2,  1808.  He 
landed  in  this  county  Nov.  20,  1841.  He  has  been  engaged  in  ag- 
ricultural })ursuits  most  of  his  life  and  at  present  owns  a  farm  on 
sec.  1.  Mr.  B.  and  his  son  are  the  proprietors  of  the  grist-mill  at 
Fairview.  Since  this  mill  has  come  into  their  hands  it  has  gained 
a  good  reputation  and  is  doing  a  fine  business.  Mr.  B.  was  married 
Dec.  10,  1S33;  his  wife  died  Oct.  4,  18()5.  This  union  was  blessed 
with  8  children, — 3  boys  and  5  girls,  only  3  daughters  and  one  son 
are  living,  all  of  whom  are  married.  Mr.  B.  has  been  a  member  of 
the  Reformed  Church  since  1838.     P.  ().,  Fairview. 


■■•■■ ,    \  ■  -'■     ,■     (.- 


\,'-^ 


JOSHUA      Tw>. 


X 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  720 

John  W.  Boiccn,  former,  sec.  4;  P.  ().,  Fairview ;  was  born  in 
Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  20,  1840,  and  came  to  this  county  in  18()1. 
He  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  his  native  State.  Dur- 
ing the  dark  days  of  our  country's  peril  he  enlisted  in  Co.  1),  lO.'^rd 
III.  Inf.,  under  Capt.  AVyckofP.  He  was  in  the  famous  battle  of 
Mission  Ridoe,  and  took  part  in  some  20  battles  and  skirmishes. 
He  returned  home  and  in  1867,  Oct.  17,  was  married  to  Anna  C. 
Davis.     They  have  4  children, — 3  boys  and  one  girl, 

Egbert  G.  Boi/uton,  farmer,  sec.  31;  P.  O.,  Fiatt;  was  born  in 
Rensellaer  Co,,  N.  Y.,  and  came  to  this  county  in  1836,  where  he 
attended  the  common  schools  and  entered  Hedding  College,  Abing- 
don. In  1854  he  was  united  in  marriage.  His  son,  V.  C.  Boynton, 
was  born  Sept.  30,  1856,  and  has  taught  school  very  successfully  4 
terms.     He  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

E.  L.  Boi/nton.  This  aged  veteran  was  born  in  New  Ham])shire, 
Aug.  31,  1796.  His  parents  were  Joel  and  Betsy  (Wallace)  Boyn- 
ton, both  of  whom  died  in  the  East.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  183(),  and  settled  on  sec.  31,  Joshua  tp., 
where  he  still  lives.  He  has  served  as  Su})ervisor,  and  in  New 
York  was  aj)i)ointed  by  the  Governor  to  inspect  beef  and  pork. 
He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Elizabeth  Fancheir  in  1817.  She 
was  born  March  21,  1793.  They  had  born  to  them  9  children, — 5 
sons  and  4  daughters.  Mr.  B.  owns  270  acres  of  land  and  is  en- 
gaged in  farming;    P.  O.,  Fiatt. 

Charles  S.  Brokuw,  farmer,  sec.  5  ;  P.  O.,  Fairview  ;  is  a  native  of 
Somerset  Co.,  N.  J.,  where  he  was  born  Feb.  14,  1822,  and  is  the  son 
of  William  and  Helen  Brokaw.  He  arrived  in  Fulton  Co.  June 
16,  1846,  and  l)egan  farming,  and  his  efforts  have  been  crowned  with 
success.  He  has  served  his  district  as  a  Director  for  22  years;  his 
township  as  Supervisor  for  7  years.  Collector  4  years  and  Assessor 
one  year.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Jane  Ten  Eyck 
Feb.  11,  1844,  the  ceremony  being  perf)rmed  at  North  Branch,  N. 
J.,  by  Rev.  Cam])bell.  They  are  the  parents  of  7  children, — 4  boys 
and  3  girls :  all  the  daughters  are  dead.  The  oldest  son  married 
Mary  Voorhees  and  resides  in  McLean  Co.,  111.  In  1851  Mr.  B. 
united  with  the  Reformed  Church. 

f^imo))  S.  Brohmr,  farmer,  sec;.  16  ;  P.  O.,  Fairview.  The  father  of 
of  Simon  Brokaw,  Isaac,  was  born  Jan.  21,  1800;  his  mother,  Allettia 
Brokaw,  was  born  Oct.  I,  1804.  He  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  April 
22,  1836,  and  was  brought  to  this  county  3  years  later.  He  was  mar- 
ried March  25,  1858,  to  Louisa  Beams,  who  has  borne  him  7  children, 
whose  names  and  dates  of  births  are  as  follows:  Isaac  N.,  born  in 
1859;  Mary  Allettia,  Julv  17,  I860;  John  Peirsol,  March  26,  1863; 
May  R.,  April  24,  1867;'  Maggie  L.,  Nov.  16,  1869;  Minnie,  July 
13,  1872,  and  Blanche,  Sept.  28,  1875. 

B.  F.  Brown.  This  gentleman,  who  is  engaged  in  farming  on  sec. 
28,  was  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Jan.  22,  1828.  His  father, 
Solomon   Brown,  of  Vermont,  died  in  1839 ;  his  mother,  Clarissa 


730  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTV. 

Brown,  »fc  Blancharcl,  died  in  lS74or  '75.  B.  F.  was  brought  to 
this  county  in  1835.  He  was  married  in  this  township  to  Louisa 
Scott  in  1853.  Mrs.  B.  was  born  Jan.  25,  1829,  A  son  and  daughter 
were  born  to  them, — Amanda  and  Thomas  Henry.  The  hitter  died 
wlien  c»nly  one  year  of  age.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  B.  are  members  of  the 
Free-will  Baptist  Church  and  their  daughter  of  the  Methodist  Church. 
Mr.  B.  owns  220  acres  of  hind,  which  he  has  made  by  his  own  en- 
ergy and  exertions.     His  postoffice  is  Fiatt. 

David  Bt^hrc,  farmer,  was  born  in  Chirk  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1<S17.  His 
parents,  Thomas  and  Rachel  (Hagans)  Bybee,  were  native  Kentuck- 
ians.  Mr.  B.  has  no  school  education,  having  never  attended  school 
over  2  or  3  months.  He  was  in  military  service  in  California.  He 
has  been  married  twice, — the  first  tijne  in  Fulton  Co.  to  Margaret 
Spencer;  the  second  time  in  Clark  Co.,  Ky.,  to  Margaret  A.  Ballard, 
and  has  children  nearly  40  years  old.  He  crossed  the  plains  to  Cali- 
fornia in  1850.  At  present  owns  just  1,000  acres  of  land  in  Illinois 
and  4  houses  and  lots  in  Canton,  for  2  of  which  he  paid  S7,000 
apiece.     P.  O.,  Fiatt. 

Chester  B.  Churchill,  agriculturist,  sec.  27  ;  P.  O.,  Canton  ;  was 
born  in  Oneida  Co.,  N.  Y.,  April  14,  1824.  His  father,  Chas.  B. 
Churchill,  of  Connecticut,  died  April  17,  1878.  His  mother,  Eliza- 
beth Churchill,  »r^  Hubbard,  died  in  Fulton  Co.,  July  21,  18()7. 
Chester  B.  was  united  in  marriage  with  Catharine  M.  Purkle  Oct. 
30,  1848,  at  Farmington.  Mrs.  C.  was  born  Oct.  3,  1828.  They 
have  had  a  family  of  5)  children, — 7  boys  and  2  girls.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Christian  Clinch. 

Leonard  IL  Churchill,  farmer,  sec.  32:  P.  O.,  Canton;  was  born 
in  Boonville,  N.  Y.,  April  28,  1820,  and  is  the  son  of  Charles  B. 
and  Elizal)eth  (Hubbard)  Churchilll,  who  came  to  the  county  in 
IS'M)  and  settled  in  the  Hickey  neighborhood,  Putman  tj).  In  1848, 
in  Canton  tp.,  Mr.  C.  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Harriet 
^IrBroom,  who  was  born  in  1831.  There  have  Ijcen  born  to  them  10 
children, — 7  boys  and  3  girls.  Mr.  C.  .-tarted  in  life  at  hard  work. 
He  first  worked  for  Jacob  Emery.  He  now  owns  244  acres  of  land, 
all  of  which  he  made  by  his  own  exertions.  He  ran  a  threshing- 
machine  for  25  years. 

Samuel  Cunninr/ham,  farmer,  sec.  33 ;  P.  O.,  Canton  ;  Avas  born 
in  Fayette  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  16,  1801  ;  his  parents  were  William  and 
Xancy  Cunningham.  He  came  West,  to  Ohio,  as  early  as  1828, 
and  7  years  later  came  to  Illinois.  He  received  only  such  educati(ui 
as  could  be  triuued  at  the  common  schools  of  his  bovhood  davs. 
He  now  owns  272  acres  of  land,  all  of  which  he  has  made  himself. 
In  1828,  March  25,  he  was  married,  and  his  wife  bore  him  3  sons, 
Abbott,  Jesse  and  John,  two  of  whom  arc  living. 

Geo.  IF,  Klli.'<.  This  gentleman,  who  is  engaged  in  farming  upon 
sec.  24,  is  a  native  of  Fulton  Co.,  having  been  born  in  Canton  tp. 
May  22,  1834.  His  j>arents,  Isaac  and  Xancy  (Jennings)  Ellis, 
were  natives  of  Tenn.     His  father  died  Dec.  21,  1877.     He  attend- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  731 

ed  the  common  schools  here  and  olcaned  a  fair  education.  Jan.  1, 
1858,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Mary  Peterson.  LoUi 
D.,  born  Nov.  9,  1858,  Dora  1).,  born  June  16,  1866,  and  Fred  I., 
born  March  3,  1872,  are  their  cliildren,  all  living.  P.  O.  address, 
Canton. 

Neirfon  FAIix,  son  of  Isaac  and  Nancy  (Jennings)  Ellis,  Tennes- 
seeans  by  birth,  was  born  in  Canton  township,  this  county,  Dec.  21, 
1843.  He  is  now  engaged  in  farming  upon  sec.  24.  In  1862  he 
enlisted  in  Co.  F,  67th  111.  Inf ,  under  Capt.  Trites,  and  served  3 
months.  During  the  same  year  he  entered  Co.  C,  103d  regt.,  under 
Capt.  Stockdalc.  He  was  in  10  regular  engagements,  and  at  Kene- 
saw  Mountain,  June  27,  1864,  was  wounded;  Feb.  4,  1868,  he  was 
married  to  Miss  Bell  McQuaid,  and  he  married  his  second  wife, 
Kate  Negley,  May  16,  1871.  She  was  born  Aug.  2,  1840.  P.  O., 
Canton. 

ir.  W.  Ellis,  farmer  and  tile  manufacturer,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Can- 
ton ;  was  born  in  Canton  tp.,  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  Dec.  6,  1836.  His 
father,  Isaac  Ellis,  came  to  Fulton  Co.  as  early  as  1827,  and  lived 
here  till  his  death,  in  Nov.,  1877,  a  period  of  a  half  century.  His 
mother's  maiden  name  was  Miss  Nancy  Jennings.  W.  W.  attended 
the  neighborhood  schools,  Fahnestock  Academy,  Lewistown,  and  the 
high  schools  at  Cuba  and  Evanston.  He  was  married  in  1861,  at 
Lewistown,  to  Phoebe  A.  Gardiner,  who  was  born  in  Joshua  town- 
ship, this  county,  Oct.  10,  1841.  Their  only  child,  Stephen  R.,  was 
born  April  14,  1862,  In  1875  Mr.  E.  began  work  at  his  tile  fac- 
tory, and  the  first  year  turned  out  100,000  tile,  but  did  not  dispose  of 
over  $300  worth.  The  next  year  he  made  450,000  pieces  of  tiling, 
and  the  sales  amounted  to  about  $5,000.  He  has  averaged  140,000 
tile  a  year  for  5  years.  The  exj)ense  he  has  been  to  in  fitting  up 
his  factory  is  (piite  large,  amounting  to  $5,000.  He  has  a  superior 
quality  of  clay  and  makes  very  excellent  tiling. 

Albert  H.  Furrey,  fiiruier  and  teacher,  sec.  28 ;  P.  O.,  Canton. 
Mr.  F.  was  born  in  Washington  Co.,  Md.,  Feb.  16,  1844,  and  is  the 
son  of  David  W.,  of  the  same  county,  and  Lovina  (Long)  Furrey, 
both  of  whom  arc  living.  Albert  was  brought  to  the  county  in 
1851,  and  educated  in  the  common  schools  and  the  high  school  at 
Canton.  He  has  also  taught  school,  and  served  his  townshij)  in  var- 
ious offices.  Aug.  13,  18()5,  at  Canton,  he  was  married  to  Saliiui  L. 
Rust,  who  was  born  March  27,  1847.  Cora  Alice,  Charlie,  Bertie 
Dell,  and  an  infant,  are  the  children  boni  to  them.  He  became  a 
member  of  the  Lutheran  Church  May  12,  1861,  and  his  wife  in 
Jan.,  1865. 

David  ir.  7'V/'/-(7/,  farmer,  sec.  26  ;  P.  O.,  Canton,  ^\'hil(,'  resi- 
dents of  Washington  Co.,  Md.,  John  and  Catherine  (Miller)  Furrey 
had  born  to  them  on  the  I4th  day  of  Oct.,  1814,  a  son,  he  of  whom 
we  now  write.  His  father  died  in  1821,  his  mother  in  1823.  He 
landed  in  this  county  April  22,  1851.  He  has  taught  school  some; 
quitting  this  profession  he  learned  the  cabinet-making  trade  in  Bal- 


732  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

timore;  he  again  took  up  his  profession  and  followed  it  for  12  years. 
He  has. served  his  people  as  School  Director,  Assessor,  Collector, 
and  has  been  Town  Clerk  for  nearly  20  years,  and  he  is  noted  for 
his  neat,  clean,  legible  records.  He  was  married  to  Lovina  Long 
Nov.  15,  1838.  Nine  children  have  been  born  to  them,  only  4  of 
whom,  however,  are  living, — Albert  H.,  born  Feb.  16,  1844;  John 
H.,  Jan.  9,  1850;  George  M.,  March  29,  1857,  and  Emma,  Nov. 
28,  1859.     ]Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  arc  Lutherans  in  religious  faith. 

John  A.  Furreii,  son  of  Martin  and  Kosanna  (My res)  Furrey,  na- 
tives of  Maryland,  was  born  in  Washington  county,  Md.,  June  28, 
1827.  Mr.  F.  came  to  this  county  from  Cincinnati  in  1849. 
In  1852  he  was  married  to  Margaret  Helen  Havermale,  who  was 
born  Feb.  8,  1830.  She  has  the  first  sewing-machine  brought  into 
Joshua  township,  which  was  in  1855  or  '56.  Their  son,  Sylvester 
W.,  was  born  Feb.  11,  1853.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Furrey  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Lutheran  Church.  Mr.  F.  manufactured  the  first  drain 
tile  made  in  Fulton  county  in  1875,  working  under  the  firm  name 
of  Furrey  &  Ellis.  Previous  to  that  Mr.  Ellis,  who  is  a  shrewd,  far- 
seeing  business  man,  urged  the  Grangers  to  organize  a  tile  manu- 
facturing company,  but  they  refused,  when  he  and  Mr.  Furrey  united 
and  started  one,  which  has  proven  a  blessing  to  the  farmers  and 
very  remunerative  to  its  operators.  Mr.  F.  lives  on  sec.  25;  P.  O., 
Canton. 

Joseph  H.  Gardiner,  farmer,  sec.  25 ;  was  born  at  Point  Judith, 
R.  I.,  Feb.  22,  1811,  and  is  the  son  of  Beriah  and  Elizabeth  (Ham- 
mond) Gardiner,  botli  natives  of  Plymouth,  Mass.  Hi?  father  was 
a  sea-faring  man,  and  Joseph  often  accompanied  him  on  a  coasting 
vessel  on  many  of  iiis  trips  when  a  boy  and  young  man  to  the  East 
Indies  and  other  points.  Mr.  G.  located  at  Penn  Yan,  N.  Y.,  in 
1831  and  married  Margaret  RaAvalt,  of  that  place,  Oct.  13,  1831. 
He  came  to  Illinois  in  1836  and  located  on  sec.  25,  Joshua  town- 
ship, where  he  has  lived  ever  since.  He  started  and  carried  on  the 
first  blacksmith  shop  in  this  township,  and  also  the  first  steam  saw 
and  grist-mill,  though  on  the  same  farm  Levi  G.  Ellis  had  built 
and  run  a  mill  by  water  on  Put  creek,  which  was  carried  away  by 
the  great  storm  of  1835.  From  this  mill  he  shipped  fiour  to  New 
Y^ork  city  for  several  years.  He  manufactured  the  first  cultivators 
made  in  the  county,  the  "  Gardiner  Cultivators,"  which  were  ex- 
tensively used  and  favorably  known.  He  made  the  first  lathe  for 
turning  irou  in  the  countv,  and  customers  came  to  him  from  Iowa, 
Rock  Island  and  Springlidd.  He  manufactured  threshing  nu\chines, 
reapers,  etc.,  at  ooe  time.  He  has  had  a  family  of  9  children,  8  of 
whom  are  living:  Elizabeth,  wife  of  Jackson  Quick;  Maria,  wife 
of  Alexander  Divilbiss,  of  Kansas;  Nicholas,  deceased;  Mary  J., 
wife  of  Singleton  Ash,  Phoebe,  wife  of  W'm.  Ellis ;  Joseph  B.,  lives 
in  Canton  ;  John,  stock-broker  in  Canton  ;  Margaret,  wife  of  Bige- 
low  Story,  Canton  township,  and  James,  druggist,  Canton.  ^\  e 
give  the  portraits  of  Mr.  and  ^Irs.  Gardiner  in  this  book. 


,J^  F^  .  j-iTA^^Jf^n^ 


OECEASEO 


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JOSHUA  TP 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  735 

Daniel  Hage,  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  Pa.,  Augnst  9,  1838.  His 
Avife,  Ellizibeth  Hage,  was  born  May  23,  1837.  His  ])arents  arc 
Christian  and  Maria  Hage.  Mr.  H.  had  but  little  opportunity  to 
gain  an  edueation,  and  tlirough  life  has  met  "with  many  misfortunes. 
^^'hile  living  in  Oliio  lie  had  all  his  effects,  save  the  clothing  of  one 
betl,  destroyed  by  lire.  During  the  late  war  he  was  drafted.  He 
came  to  this  county  in  1869.  He  was  married  Dee.  29,  18(54,  and 
has  2  children, — Almedia  and  Mary.     P.  O.,  Fairview. 

C/irisfnjj/icr  Holmes  is  a  native  of  Yorkshire,  England,  and  is  the 
son  of  Eli  and  ^laria  (Ixiiley)  Holmes.  He  sailed  from  Liver])ool 
Jan.  15, 1842,  and  landed  at  New  Orleans  March  9,  and  on  the  26th 
of  the  same  month  arrived  in  this  county,  and  now  r(>sides  upon  sec. 
13,  and  is  engaged  in  farming.  He  owns  840  acres  of  land,  200 
acres  of  it  being  in  Fulton  county,  all  of  which  he  has  made  by  his 
own  exertions.  He  enjoyed  no  advantages  while  a  boy  to  obtain  an 
education,  and  he  never  attended  school  until  after  his  marriage, 
and  is  what  we  term  a  self-educated  man.  He  was  married  on 
Easter  Sunday,  1834,  to  Jane  Shawcross.  He  has  filled  several  of 
the  local  offices.     P.  O.,  Canton. 

Benjamin  C.  Johnson  was  born  in  Jefferson  county,  N.  Y.,  Oct.  2, 
1819,  and  was  the  son  of  D.  S.  Johnson.  He  received  his  educa- 
tion in  the  common  schools  of  New  York  and  came  to  this  county 
in  1832.  He  held  most  of  the  township  offices  and  was  one  of  the 
earliest  candidates  for  Sheriff  of  Fulton  county.  His  first  wife  was 
Phoebe  Hendricks,  who  died  in  1859,  and  in  1861  he  married  Hen- 
riette  Haywood,  who  was  born  in  Covington,  Ky.,  in  1827.  Their 
only  child,  Charles  Lincoln,  was  born  April  7,  1863.  Residence, 
sec.  32  ;  P.  O.,  Fiatt. 

William  Johnson  was  born  in  ISOS  in  New  York,  the  son  of  Ben- 
jamin and  Polly  (Batman).  His  iiither  of  English  descent  and  his 
mother  of  German.  In  his  early  life  he  was  a  sailor  on  liakc 
Ontario;  was  pilot,  also  Ca])tain  several  years.  He  emigrated  to 
Fulton  Co.,  Ill,,  in  1835,  and  at  present  is  among  the  leading  farm- 
ers in  Joshua  township,  living  on  sec.  30;  is  the  owner  of  300 
acres  of  land  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.  He  has  been  twice  married,  two 
children  by  his  first  wife  and  by  his  second  wife  7  :  onlv  5  children 
are  living.  He  and  his  wife  are  members  of  the  J^aptist  Church. 
In  politics  Mr.  Johnson  is  a  Republican. 

Rev.  J.  R.  Jones,  of  the  Christian  Church,  was  born  in  East  Ten- 
nessee, Oct.  1,  1821.  His  father,  Caunah  Jones,  a  jii-omlnent  man 
in  the  early  history  of  the  county,  died  July  10,  1870;  his  mother, 
Phebe  (Darnal)  Jones,  died  March  25,  1833.  Mr.  Jones  was 
brought  to  this  county  in  1834.  He  received  his  education  mostly 
in  the  c(Miimon  schools  of  Fulton  county,  and  began  to  preach  in 
1851.  This  profession  he  followed,  together  with  that  of  farming, 
until  1875.  He  resides  on  sec.  28;  P.  ().,  Canton.  He  was  united 
in  marriage  with  Emily  Sells,  April  1,  1841.  Five  boys  and  4  girls 
have  been  born  to  them,  all  of  whom  are  living,  and  3  of  the  for- 
mer and  2  of  the  latter  are  married. 


73G  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

George  Kccfauver,  farmer,  sec.  36 ;  P.  O.,  Canton ;  is  a  son  of 
John  and  Mairflalcna  Keefiinvor,  of  Marvland,  and  was  horn  in 
the  c'onnty  of  Washinjiton  of  that  State,  Dec.  2,  l.SKJ,  His  lather 
died  May  IH,  1870  and  his  mother  many  years  before.  George 
worked  at  the  car[)enter's  trade  for  7  years  while  with  his  father. 
He  came  to  this  connty  in  1851  from  Ohio.  In  1838,  in  the  Buck- 
eye State,  lie  was  married  to  Elizabeth  jNIiller,  wlio  was  born  in 
l8U(j.     She  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Henry  Lock,  farmer,  sec.  27 ;  P.  O.,  Canton ;  was  born  in  Devon- 
shire, Kng.,  March  29,  1824.  His  parents,  William  and  Jane  Lock, 
were  English  folk,  and  both  are  deceased.  Henry  came  to  the  State 
in  1851,  stopping  in  Peoria  Co.  until  1855,  wiien  he  moved  int(t 
Eulton,  where  he  has  since  resided  most  of  the  time.  He  was  mar- 
ried, July  28,  1861,  to  Polly  Smith,  wiio  was  born  in  Huron  Co., 
().,  in  1823.  Both  of  them  are  members  of  the  Duidvard  Church. 
Their  2  boys,  AVilliam  Henry  and  James  A.,  were  born  in  1863,  and 
Jan.  4,  1866,  respectively. 

J.  N.  Martin,  farmer,  sec.  12 ;  P.  O.,  Canton  ;  was  born  in  Frank- 
lin, Penn.,  Aug.  2,  1846,  and  in  May  of  the  following  year  was 
broujiht  to  this  countv,  where  he  was  reared  and  received  his  educa- 
tion.  He  now  owns  a  farm  of  200  acres.  He  has  held  local  official 
positions.  On  the  6th  of  Feb.,  1868,  he  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Laura  Welsh,  who  has  borne  him  5  children;  Minnie  is 
deceased . 

James  r.  MrQua'xl,  farmer,  sec.  22;  P.  ().,  Cantou.  Mr.  ]Mc- 
Quaid  was  born  in  Cleartiehl  Co.,  Pa.,  Dec.  11,  1840,  and  is  the  son 
of  James  R.  and  Elizabeth  (Vandevander)  McC^uaid,  both  of  whom 
reside  in  Canton.  His  father  was  a  gunmaker  and  the  first  in  the 
county,  as  spoken  of  elsewhere  in  this  volume.  James  was  brought 
to  the  county  Nov.  li),  1844.  He  clerked  in  his  father's  store  for 
4  years,  then  went  to  California;  since  his  return  he  has  been  farm- 
ing. A])ril  4,  1869,  he  married  Mintie  Craig,  niece  of  Judge  Craig, 
^ladison,  Cora  Bell,  INIaggie,  Fannie  and  Lula  are  their  children. 

J),  y.  Milhr  was  born  in  iSIorgan  Co.,  A"a.,  A^iril  5,  1821.  His 
father,  flacob  ]Miller,  was  a  native  of  Maryland,  and  his  mother, 
Elizabeth  (Mowery)  Miller,  was  born  in  Penn.  In  1848  he  came 
to  this  county  and  settled  in  Canton.  In  18-19  he  settled  on  sec.  49 
and  has  been  rather  successful,  and  at  ])resent  owns  282  acres  of  land, 
although  he  has  met  with  several  reverses  ;  has  suffered  from  3  fires, 
and  lost  money  sent  from  the  East;  and  these  misfortunes  occurred 
while  he  was  starting  in  life.  The  first  business  he  ever  did  for 
himself  was  to  make  tree  nails,  or  railroad  ])ins.  He  and  his  brother 
to(»k  a  contract  to  furnish  them  and  emj)loye(l  20  hands  in  their 
manufacture.  In  1850  he  married  Maria  Jane  Randolph,  wiio  bore 
him  7  children, — 3  boys  and  4  girls, — all  of  whom  are  living.  One 
son  is  editor  of  the  Canton  Advertiser.  Politically,  Mr.  M.  formerly 
stood  upoti  the  Democratic  platform,  but  is  at  present  identified  with 
the  Greenback  party.     P.  O.,  Canton. 


HISTOnV    OF    FUT.TON    COUNTY.  7.'>7 

Thonia.^  C.  Miner,  farmer,  sec.  14;  P.  O.,  Fairview.  Mr.  M.  was 
united  in  marriage  with  j\Ia<)o;ie  Van  Arsdale  on  the  17th  of  Oct., '68. 
Charh)tte,  the  eklest  of  their  8  ehiUlren,  was  born  Jan.  7,  1S70; 
Harriet  Ann  horn  in  June,  1872,  and  Zilpha  in  July,  1875 — allof 
whom  are  liviuir.  Thomas  C  Miner  is  a  son  of  A\'illiam  V.  and 
Deborah  INIiner.  The  former  died  3  years  ago,  and  mother  is  still 
living.  He  was  born  in  Somerset  Co.,  N.  J.,  Aug.  11,  1839.  He  is  a 
meml)er  of  the  Reformed  Church. 

Willidia  Ihnirii  Jliii-plii/,  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.  ().,  Canton;  was 
born  Oct.  6,  18")],  and  is  a  native  of  this  township.  His  father, 
James  ]\Iurj)hy,  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  died  20  years  ago  ,  his 
mother,  Catherine  (Heckard)  Murphy,  was  a  native  of  Virginia,  and 
she  is  still  living.  They  were  among  the  early  settlers  of  th(>  county. 
AV.  H.  was  united  in  marriage  ¥oh.  17,  '74,  with  Maria  Goodwin,  at 
the  residence  of  Christopher  Holmes,  Joshua  t}).  She  was  born 
ISIarch  7,  1857.  Frederic  H.,  born  in  1874,  and  Laura  May,  born  in 
Dec,  1878,  are  their  children.  In  1870  INIr.  M.  met  with  a  serious 
accident.     A  horse  kicked  him,  causing  the  loss  of  one  of  his  eyes. 

David  3Ii/crs  was  born  in  Clark  Co.,  O.,  April  4,  1819,  and  is  the 
son  of  George  and  Mary  Myers.  He  came  to  the  county  in  1S55, 
and  has  been  successful  in  his  vocation, — that  of  a  farmer.  He  has 
a  farm  of  210  acres  here  ;  resides  on  sec.  12;  and  has  980  acres  of 
land  in  Texas.  He  has  tilled  several  of  the  local  offices.  He  was 
united  in  matrimony  with  Margaret  Ann  Thomas,  Oct.  1,  1821,  and 
his  second  marriage  with  Ann  Maria  Bonswell.  He  has  4  children 
living, — 2  boys  and  2  girls.  He  says  this  is  the  first  season  he 
ever  harvested  before  his  corn  came  up.     P.  O.,  Canton. 

Ddnicl  P.  Xe(/h\i/  is  a  native  son  of  Fulton  Co.,  having  been  born 
here  on  the  3d  of  Aug.,  1856.  He  is  the  son  of  fb)se])h  I>.  and 
(\itharine  (Wolfe)  Xegley.  He  attended  the  common  school  of  his 
neighl)orhood  and  the  schools  at  Canton.  He  is  (MigagxMl  in  farming 
on  sec.  12,  and  does  nuich  to  improve  the  stock  of  the  county.  He 
keeps  only  the  best  stock  upon  his  farm.  As  an  example,  he  sold  a 
three-year  old  colt  last  year  for -^350.  Their  children  number  2, — 
one  son  and  one  daughter.  Howard  was  born  March  12,  1872,  and 
Eva  born  Oct.  23,  1875.     P.  ().,  Canton. 

Joseph  Of/den,  farmer,  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Fairview;  was  born  in  the 
year  179(j  in  Marietta,  Ohio.  His  father,  John  Ogden,  of  New 
York,  served  7  years  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  His  mother, 
Mary  (Hinish)  Ogd(Mi,  was  a  native  of  the  Keystone  State.  ]\Ir.  O. 
came  to  the  county  lirst  in  1833,  and  in  l'S34  returned  to  Indiana; 
but  in  1845  came  to  Illinois,  settling  in  Fulton,  and  has  lived  here 
since.  He  married  Mary  Watkins,  a  native  ol"  Green  Co.,  Ky., 
and  who  was  born  Jan.  9,  1818.  They  have  a  iiunily  of  8  children 
born  to  them,  5  sons  and  .">  daughters.  The  first  President  Mr.  O. 
voted  for  was  Gen.  Jackson  ;  he  is  still  a  Democrat.  He  worked 
for  15  years  at  wagon-making. 

David  N.  Perrine,  farmer,  P.  O.,  Fairview;  was  born  in  Canton 


738  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

township,  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  ^lay  4,  1849,  and  has  resided  in  the 
county  all  his  life.  His  parents  were  Daniel  and  Ellen  Perrine. 
David  received  only  such  education  as  could  l)e  gained  at  the  eom- 
niyn  schools  of  the  county.  He  was  married  Feb.  8,  1871.  Politic- 
ally he  is  a  Democrat. 

J.  Polhemus  was  born  in  Xew  Jersey  May  4,  1830,  and  is  the  son 
of  D.  G.  and  Maria  Polhemus.  He  was  brought  to  this  county 
when  a  lad  of  8  summers.  He  has  been  successful  at  his  calling, 
that  of  a  farmer.  In  1854  he  was  married  and  is  the  parent  of  8 
children, — 6  living,  4  boys  and  2  girls.  ]\Ir.  P.,  when  he  enlisted 
in  Co.  D,  103d  111.  Inf.,  said  he  never  would  be  taken  prisoner. 
He  served  his  full  time  and  was  in  some  20  battles.  He  was 
wounded  in  the  head  at  Mission  Ridge.  At  Dallas,  Ga.,  was  taken 
prisoner  during  the  battle.  The  rebels  got  between  him  and  5  others, 
and  before  they  knew  it,  20  of  the  enemy  were  on  them  and  de- 
manded their  surrender.  They  gave  up,  and  one  rebel  started 
to  escort  Mr.  P.  to  the  rear  as  a  prisoner,  but  he  was  not  destined  to 
remain  a  captive  long.  He  waited  till  out  of  sight  of  the  other 
parties,  when  he  grabbed  the  gun  from  his  captor  and  made  him 
beg  for  his  life.  He  then  started  back  and  came  up  with  two 
rebels.  He  ordered  them  to  surrender  ;  one  of  them  jumped  behind 
a  tree  and  lired  at  him,  but  missed  him.  He  then  made  them  sur- 
render. He  broke  the  rebel's  gun  over  a  tree  and  soon  reached  the 
Union  lines.  The  company  elected  him  Lieutenant  and  he  served 
them  faithfully.     P.  O.,  Fairview. 

Andreir  J.  Quick,  son  of  Joseph  and  Hannah  (Vascoy)  Quick, 
of  Xew  York  State,  was  born  in  Yates  Co.,  X.  Y.,  April  22,  1831. 
His  father  died  38  years  ago,  his  mother  in  Feb.,  1876.  Andrew 
came  to  this  county  in  1853,  and  May  31,  1854,  at  the  residence  of 
Joseph  H.  Gardiner,  of  this  townshiji,  he  was  married  to  Elizabeth 
Gardiner,  who  was  born  Aug.  21,  1S32.  They  have  a  family  of  9 
children,  whose  names  and  dates  of  birth  are  as  follows :  Joseph  S., 
born  March  31,  1855;  George  F.,  1857;  Marv  B.,  March  17, 
1859;  Harriet  G.,  Dec.  14,  1863;  John  R.,  June  22, 1865;  Charles, 
March  7,  1869;  Margaret  M.,  April  22,  1872;  James  B.,  Dec.  18, 
1875;  Henry  Rasco,  Aug.  27,  1876.  Joseph  was  married  March 
6,  J  879,  to  Martha  Grigsby,  of  Cuba.  Mr.  Q.  was  a  carriage  and 
wagon-maker  until  14  years  ago,  when  he  began  farming.  He  lives 
on  sec.  31.     P.  ().,  Fia'tt. 

Lnris  F.  B(infhjlj)h  farmer,  sec.  13;  P.  O.,  Canton.  Mr.  R.  is 
evidently  from  a  patriotic  family,  having  been  born  the  4th  of  July. 
He  also  has  two  sisters,  each  of  whom  was  born  u]>on  that  great 
anniversary  day.  Lewis  was  born  in  1835,  and  in  September  of  the 
same  year  was  brought  to  this  county.  He  is  the  son  of  John  F. 
and  Nancy  (Rawalt)  Randolph.  He  attended  the  common  schools 
and  gained  a  foir  education,  when  he  entered  Lombard  University, 
Galesburg.  He  has  served  as  School  Trustee  and  School  Director, 
and  his   wife,    Mrs.  Lizzie  Randolph,  nee  Andrews,  is  at   present  a 


BK./'. 


^^^ 


?<5?!^<^^  ^^Y^^Aey/y  ^^^&;^?/rzW^ 


JOSHUA     T*!^. 


OF  THE 
'DIVERSITY  Of  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  741 

School  Director.  He  was  married  in  1864.  Mary,  born  in  1871, 
and  Jephtha,  born  June  7,  1877,  are  their  children.  Mrs.  R.  is  a 
member  of  the  Baptist  Church. 

George  M.  Rust,  teacher,  is  the  son  of  Jason  and  Elizabeth 
(Parker)  Rust.  The  former,  a  native  of  Tennessee,  was  born  Jan. 
15,  1811,  and  died  April  13,  1878.  His  mother  is  a  native  of  this 
State.  His  father  was  in  Canton  during  the  cholera  epidemic  and 
his  wife  had  the  disease.  He  was  the  principal  physician  in  the 
town  during  the  prevalence  of  this  dread  epidemic.  He  practiced 
medicine  for  35  years  in  Fulton  Co.,  coming  to  the  county  in  1844. 
George  was  born  May  11,  1851^  He  attended  the  common  and 
high  schools  of  this  county  and  the  law  school  of  Ann  Arbor,  Mich. 
He  began  to  teach  immediately  after  leaving  the  Cuba  high  school, 
and  since  his  return  from  Ann  Arbor  has  taught  most  of  the  time. 
Residence,  sec.  25;  P.  O.,  Canton. 

Cecil  Savill  is  a  native  of  England  and  was  born  Aug.  22,  1832. 
He  is  the  son  of  George  and  Bettie  Savill ;  the  former  died  July  24, 
186(),  and  his  mother  is  still  living  in  Fulton  Co.  Mr.  S.  came  to 
the  county  in  1857  and  has  lived  in  the  county  since.  He  is  a 
shoemaker  by  occupation  and  served  as  an  apprentice  in  England 
for  5  years.  He  married  Eliza  Morton  Sept.  15,  1856,  and  his  secr 
ond  wife,  Polly  Silvernail,  he  married  Nov.  4,  1861.  By  his  first 
wife  he  had  one  girl,  Eliza,  wife  of  Chas.  Abbott.  His  second  wife 
bore  him  8  children, — 5  boys  and  3  girls.  Mr.  S.  lives  on  sec.  25 ; 
P.  O.,  Canton. 

Edwin  Savill.  Upon  the  15th  of  Dec,  1820,  in  Yorkshire,  Eng., 
there  was  born  to  George  and  Sarah  (Whitehead)  Savill  a  son,  the 
subject  of  this  sketch.  He  had  very  limited  educational  advan- 
tages, having  attended  school  only  2  quarters,  yet  he  has  a  good, 
})racti(ud  business  education.  He  came  to  this  country  early  in  life, 
and  April  3,  1844,  landed  at  C^)pj)oras  creek,  this  county.  He  fol- 
lowed blacksmithing  till  1860.  In  1857  he  bought  a  saw-mill  and 
during  1860  added  to  it  a  grist-mill.  He  resides  upon  sec.  25,  and 
gets  his  mail  at  Canton.  Aug.  11,  1849,  he  married  Lucinda 
Lemon,  who  has  borne  him  6  children, — 4  boys  and  2  girls, — all 
living,  and  residing  with  their  ])arents. 

Peter  Hhafer,  farmer,  sec.  8 ;  P.  O.,  Fairview.  Mr.  S.  is  a  native 
of  Germany,  where  he  was  born  June  15,  1840.  He  came  to 
America  in  1866  and  June  15  of  that  year  arrived  in  I^ilton  (V). 
He  served  in  the  German  army  5  years  and  got  3J  cts.  per  day,  but 
had  the  privilege  to  hire  out  and  made  money  by  thus  working. 
He  settled  on  a  farm  on  sec.  8,  then  all  timber,  but  now  56  acres  of 
it  improved.  The  second  year  he  was  in  the  county  he  made  $225 
at  chopping  with  his  axe.  In  Oct.,  1866,  he  married  Catharine 
Sinvac,  who  was  born  in  1839.  Catharine,  Abba,  Harriet,  Mary 
Ann,  Sarah  Deborah  and  Peter  are  their  children. 

John  Shriner,  deceased,  wast  a  native  of  Maryland.  He  and  his 
wife,  Martha  (Switzer)  Ruster,  the  last  name  being  that  of  her  for- 

44 


742  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

mor  hasbaiul,  came  to  this  county  in  alxmt  1840.  Mr.  S.  was  an 
Abolitionist  an<l  ilid  liis  part  in  assistinjj:  the  workinfr  of  the  Under- 
ground Kaih-oad.  They  were  both  raised  in  a  shive  State  and  early 
imbibed  Abolition  sentiments.  Mr.  S.  died  in  1865,  leaving  a 
widow  and  9  children.  John  J.  enlisted  in  the  late  war  in  1861 
and  served  ''  years  and  a  half".  lie  was  accidentally  shot  in  the  hip 
while  eharjj-inir  the  eueinv's  works  at  Ft.  Donelson.  He  enli.-ted  as 
a  private,  but  for  gallantry  was  promoted  to  Captain. 

George  W.  Smith,  farmer,  sec.  26 ;  P.  O.,  Canton.  Unto  Jacob 
and  Sarah  (Lells)  Smith,  in  1843,  while  living  in  Indiana,  a  son  was 
born,  George  W.  being  the  name  given  him.  His  mother  died  in 
18o7  or  '58,  and  his  father  in  1872.  George  W.  was  brought  to  this 
county  in  infancy  (1848)  and  here  attended  the  common  schools. 
There  are  5  brothers,  who  own  in  the  aggregate  about  1,000  acres  of 
land.  Two  of  the  b(\vs  arc  married  and  all  the  sisters.  Jacob 
Smith  was  one  of  Fulton  county's  successful  farmers  and  esteemed 
citizens. 

Joseph  Smith,  farmer,  sec.  23 ;  P.  O.,  Canton  ;  was  born  in  AVash- 
ington  county,  Ind.,  June  10,  1832,  and  is  the  son  of  Jacob  and 
Sarah  (Lells)  Smith,  l)oth  of  Virginia.  His  father  died  about  1870. 
He  came  to  this  county  with  his  family  in  1845  and  lived  22  years 
on  sec.  26.  Their  marriage  was  blessed  with  7  children, — 5  boys 
and  2  girls.  Joseph  was  married  to  Sarah  Elizabeth  Baughman,  a 
native  of  Fulton  county,  in  1869.  They  have  a  family  of  4  chil- 
dren,— 3  boys  an-d  one  girl. 

E.  G.  Standard  is  a  native  of  Fulton  county  and  has  lived  here 
all  of  his  life,  almost.  He  has  a  flirm  of  210  acres,  which  he  has  im- 
proved mostly  himself  He  lives  on  sec.  17,  and  his  postotlice  is 
Fairview.  He  was  i)orn  on  the  13th  of  May,  1841,  and  is  the  son 
of  Thomas  and  Rachel  (Peterson)  Standard.  His  father  died  Dec. 
21,  1878,  while  his  mother  is  still  living  and  resides  in  this  county. 
He  received  his  education  at  the  Kandolj)!!  school,  Joshua  township. 
In  1860  Mr.  S.  was  married,  and  again  Feb.  14,  1864,  this  time 
to  Margaret  Walker.  James,  born  March  20,1865;  Kobert  E., 
Oct.  4,  1866;  John  I.,  July  18,  1868;  Lucy  Bell,  March  9,  1870, 
are  their  children. 

frrin  Staiut'ird,  one  of  the  oldest  settlers  of  Joshua  township,  was 
i)oni  near  Vienna,  Johnson  county.  111.,  May  12,  182(\  and  8  years 
thereafter,  Jan.  4,  182S,  he  was  brought  to  this  county.  His  j)ar- 
ents  were  Thomas  and  Mercy  (West)  Standanl.  Mr.  S.  came  here 
when  school  advantages  were  <piite  limited,  and  conscipiently  gained 
onlv  the  rudiments  of  an  educati(»n.  He  has  served  his  district  as 
School  Director  for  10  or  12  vcars  and  his  township  as  Collector  for 
two  terms.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  L.  Bales,  Nov.  7, 
1839.  They  reared  2  adopted  children,  a  boy  and  a  girl,  both  of 
whom  are  living  and  married.  ^larv,  the  girl's  name,  was  born 
August  2(),  1840;  Frank  H.  Standard,  the  son,  was  born  Jan.  10, 
1850,     Mr.  S,  renK'm'>crs  the  time  when  he  knew  everv  man  in  this 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  743 

large  county,  but  it  is  quite  (liferent  now.     He  is  engaged  in  farm- 
ing upon  see.  17;  P.  O.,  Fairview 

Lewis  E.  Tritc'S,  farmer,  sec.  13  ;  P.  O.,  Canton.  During  the  dark 
days  of  the  Rebellion  Lewis  E.  enlisted  to  defend  his  country's  flag. 
He  entered  Capt.  Trites'  (his  brother)  company  at  Canton  in  18(i2, 
and  served  as  Sergeant.  On  his  return  home,  Jan.  11,  18G4,  he  was 
united  in  marriage  with  YA'v/ax  A.  Randolph.  Halcyon,  born  May 
25,  1868;  Carl,  March  22,  1871,  and  Minerva,  born  June  30,  1873, 
are  their  children.  Mr.  T.  is  the  son  of  G.  G.  and  Louisa  (Davis) 
Trites,  and  was  born  in  Delaware  county.  Pa.,  May  14,  1838,  and 
was  brought  to  this  county  six  years  later.  He  brought  the  first 
Norman  horse  into  the  county  in  1873,  at  a  cost  of  $3,500,  and  has 
done  much  to  improve  and  better  the  stock  of  the  county. 

Fdi'f  Van  Dorcn,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Fairview;  was  born  in  Somer- 
set county,  Oct.  17,  1841,  and  is  the  son  of  J.  K.  and  Maria  Van 
Doren.  He  arrived  in  this  grand  old  county  June  11,  1847,  and 
after  receiving  a  good  common-school  education  embarked  in  form- 
ing, at  which  he  has  been  successful.  Oct.  15, 1868,  he  was  married. 
•  Politically,  Mr.  Van  D.  is  a  Democrat. 

Snmuc/  T  «n  Sijckrl.  AVhile  residents  of  Hunterdon  Co.,  N.  J., 
William  V.  and  Charity  B.  Van  Syckle  born  to  them  a  son 
whom  they  christened  Samuel,  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  His 
father  died  in  1868.  He  came  to  the  county  in  1856  and  at 
present  resides  upon  sec.  1;  P.O.,  Canton.  In  1865  he  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Mary  P^chleman,  who  has  borne  him  5 
children.  Alice  May  died  at  the  age  of  3  years.  They  have  3  boys 
and  one  daughter  living. 

A.sler  C.  T/ioinjjfton  was  l)orn  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1799.  He 
was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Berintha  Eggleston,  of  Yates 
Co.,  N.  Y''.,  in  1834.  They  came  to  this  county  in  1836  and  settled 
in  Putman  t|).  on  sec.  1.  He  died  Sept.  16,  1863,  leaving  large 
property.  He  was  a  miller  by  trade.  Mrs.  Thom])son  manages 
their  dairy,  which  is  (piite  extensive.  They  were  parents  of  11 
children :  Mary,  deceased,  Charles  M.,  Parmelia  AV.,  Harriet  and 
Elizabeth,  deceased,  Phoebe  C,  Fannie,  Sheldon,  Rennet,  Margaret 
Jane,  deceased,  James  Carr  and  Catharine  Agnes. 

Ji.  S.  Voor/iccs  was  born  in  Sonu'rset  Co.,  X.  J.,  and  is  the  son  of 
Albert  and  Helen  Voorhees.  Till  1856  he  followed  farming.  He 
then  embarked  in  the  mercantile  business,  at  which  he  continued  till 
1859.  He  then  engaged  in  milling  till  1865,  when  he  returned  to 
his  agricultural  pursuit,  which  he  now  follows,  residing  upon  sec.  2. 
He  has  had  the  misfortune  to  be  burned  out  twice.  The  first  time 
lost  $3,000,  the  second  about  $600.  He  now  represents  the  town- 
ship in  the  Board  of  Supervisors,  and  has  filled  other  j)ositions  of 
trust  fi)r  his  people.  In  1846  he  was  married  to  Matilda  Brokaw. 
Their  children  are  R.  S.,  born  Feb.  18,  1850;  Marv,  Dec.  3,  1851 ; 
Aaron,  April  12,  1854;  John,  Jan.  22,  1858;  Martha,  May  2, 1860; 
and  Rynear,  May  11,  1866.     Mr.  V.  was  born  Sept.,  1824,' and  Mrs, 


744  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Y.  was  born  March  20,  1826.     Mr.  Y.  is  a  member  of  the  Reformed 
Chuch,  and  has  served  both  as  Deacon  and  Elder.     P.  O.,  Fairview, 

John  Jacob  Will  Mas  born  in  Bavaria,  (icmiany,  May  19,  1815, 
and  is  the  son  of  Yalcntine  and  Mary  Ann  Will.  He  came  to 
America  and  took  up  his  abode  in  this  delightful  county  in  1844. 
At  the  early  age  of  14  he  began  to  learn  the  tailor's  trade,  but  aban- 
doned it  for  the  farm.  His  residence  and  farm  are  on  sec.  1,  Joshua 
tp.  He  ^vas  married  July  19,  1840.  His  children, — 5  boys  and 
o  girls, — are  living.  He  is  a  Democrat  in  })<>litics,  and  cast  his  first 
vote  for  Yan  liuren.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Reformed  Church. 
P.  O.,  Fairview. 

Capt.  John  S.  Wi/rl-qf  was  born  in  Somerset  Co.,  X.  J.,  Dec.  12, 
1808,  and  came  to  Fulton  county  in  1837.  He  is  the  son  of  Simon 
and  Mary  (Cline)  Wyckoff.  For  an  education  he  had  only  the  sub- 
scription schools  to  attend.  Mr.  W.  says  that  when  he  came  here 
they,  in  going  to  Chicago  by  wagon,  could  travel  40  miles  and 
not  come  to  a  dwelling-house.  Now  one  passes  more  towns  by  far 
than  they  did  single  houses  then.  He  began  farming  for  himself 
at  the  early  age  of  16  ;  in  this  pursuit  he  has  been  successful.  He 
was  married  in  1824  to  Elizabeth  Wyckoff.  Their  marriage 
has  been  blessed  with  5  children — only  8  of  whom  are  living.  During 
the  trying  days  of  the  Rebellion  the  Captain  raised  Co.  D  of  the 
103d  111.  Inf.,  and  was  chosen  its  Captain.  In  less  than  one  day 
he  had  80  men  who  promised  to  go  with  him.  He  participated  in 
several  battles  but  from  ill  health  he  had  to  resign.  He  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Old  Settlers'  Association  ;  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace 
for  30  years,  and  was  the  first  Town  Clerk  of  Joshua.  He  has  been 
School  Director  and  Assessor.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Reformed 
Church.     P.  O.,  Fairview. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 

The  following  gentlemen  have  served  the  townshiji  since  its  or- 
ganization in  the  various  official  capacities  named: 

SUPERVISORS. 

C.  Jones 1850  C.  S.  Brokaw  18(53-65 

E.  L.  Bovnton 1.S51-52  JacobCosler ]8r)tV-fi8 

J.  S.  Young 1853  Job  Walker. 1869-71 

J.  S.  Wvckoff 1854  Joseph  Kingrv 1872 

B.C.Johnson 1855  Jacob  Cosier 1873 

.Joseph  H.  Gardiner 1856-57  B.  C.  Johnson  1874 

Michael  Ganliner 1858  JacobCosler 1875 

Jacob  Cosier 1859  ("has.  S.  Brokaw  187r>-78 

Joseph  H.  Ganliner 1860  K.  S.  Voorhees 1819 

Jacob  C;osler 1861-62 

TOWN     CLERKS. 

.TohnS.  Wvckoff 1850  David  W.  Fiirrev 1857-71 

Wni.  M   Standard 1851-52  J.  J.  Havermale 1872 

Douglas  Spear 18-53  David  W.  Furrev 1873-77 

Wm.  M.  Standard 1854-56         JohnR.  Miller-'. 1878-79 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


747 


ASSESSORS. 


Benjamin  Butler 1850 

John  S.  Young 1851-52 

Wm.  M.  Standard 1853 

H.  D.  Voorhees 1854-55 

Wm.  M.  Standard 1856 

John  S.  Young 1857 

Jacob  A.  Clauson 1858-59 

Benj.  C.  Johnson 18(50 

David  W.   Furrey 1801-62 

Wm.  J.  Cunningham 18(53 

David  W.  Furrey 1864 

Jacob  Cosier 1865 


David  W.  Furrey 1866-68 

Jacob  Cosier 1869 

D.  W.  Furrey 1870-71 

Harvev  Montague 1872 

D.  W.  Furrey.. 1873 

Jacob  Cosier 1873 

0.  C.  Wysong 1874 

J.  S.  Wyckoff. 1875 

A.  H.  Furrey 1876 

D.  AV.  Furrev 1877 

Jacob  Cosier." 1878 

A.  H.  Furrey 1879 


COLLECTORS. 


J.  P.  Standanl 1850 

John  Scott •. 1851 

J.  P.  Standard 1852 

C.  F.  Baughman 18.53 

Leonard  Neff. 1854 

Marion  Wheeler 1855 

Lvman  Standard 1856 

J."R.  Jones 1857 

('has.  S.  Brokaw 1858-62 

I.  M.  Standard 18(53 

D.  G.  Havermale 1864 

D.  W.  Furrev 1865 

I.  M.  Standard 1866 


Isaac  Scott 1867 

R.S.  xMaxev 1868 

G.  W.  Kenneval 1869 

Stephen  Roswell 1870 

J.  B.  Barchus 1871 

W.  C.Johnson 1872 

J.  C.   Lawson 1873 

F.  H.  Standard 1874-75 

D  L.  Miller 1876 

J.  W.   Drewner 1877 

'j.  B.  Lock 1878 

F.  H.  Standard 1878 

W.H.  Murphy 1879 


KERTOX  TOWNSHIP. 

Presenting  the  history  of  this  township  in  chronological  order 
compels  us  to  notice  first  its  archaeology,  that  is,  the  mounds  and 
relics  of  a  remarkable  people  who  have  long  since  become  extinct. 
Indeed,  it  seems  that  three  distinct  races  of  people  occupied  this  sec- 
tion of  country  in  former  ages.  One  was  probably  a  race  of  giants, 
as  we  find  skulls  large  enough  to  fit  on  the  outside  of  the  average 
head  of  to-dav.  One  skull  is  of  a  reddish  tinjre,  like  the  color  of 
the  bone,  in  which  case  the  head  was  not  well  developed;  another 
skull  is  white  :  head  well  developed,  and  the  facial  contour  correspond- 
iufflv  indicatintra  hiofher  intellio:ence.  On  the  farm  of  Jacob  Fisher 
in  the  southeastern  portion  of  the  township  are  many  relics  of  the 
Mound-Builders,  such  as  vessels  and  fragments  of  pottery  with  ar- 
tistic designs,  skulls,  skeletons  and  fragments  of  skeletons  in  great 
abundance.  Thousands  of  these  have  been  carried  away  by 
visitors. 

The  earliest  white  settlers  of  Kerton  township  were  Reuben  and 
Roswell  Fenner,  who  located  on  sec.  19  in  1823;  tlie  next  were 
Joseph  McKee,  John  Vides  and  Joseph  Dobson,  on  sec.  17.  about 
1827.  John  Kerton,  from  the  East,  and  Edward  McKee,  from  Ire- 
land, settled  here  about  1835.  Very  little  is  known  of  Mr.  Ker- 
ton, although  the  township  has  derived  from  him  its  present  name. 
Mr.  McKee  remained  for  a  time  ;uul  was  a  res})ectaV)k'  citizen. 

Kerton  township  is  probably  the  smallest  in  the  county,  and  much 
of  the  land  is  still  held  by  old  speculators,  which  fact  militates 
against  tlie  prosperity  of  the  cmintry.  Besides,  a  large  ])ortion  of 
the  land  is  hilly,  being  in  the  breaks  of  Spoon  and  the  Illinois 
rivers.  Yet  there  are  many  nice  farms  in  this  township.  Among 
the  representative  men  who  give  character  and  fix  the  destiny  of 
this  little  townshiji  we  may  mention  J.  W.  Swebaugh,  Vandorus 
Martin,  Jacob  Fishor,  S(juire  Rcardon,  Jacob  Scverns,  Wm.  Mark- 
ley,  Isaac  Beatty,  Wm.  Oluney,  T.  P.  Carney,  Lemuel  Wclker  and 
others. 

The  first  Justice  of  the  Peace  was  Benj.  Hartland,  who  is  said  to 
have  settled  here  in  1838.  The  first  school-house  was  built  on  sec. 
30,  in  184-").  The  first  post-oflice  was  established  in  June,  1871,  in 
Marl)letown. 

West  Point  is  on  the  Illinois  river,  located  by  Joel  Onion,  now 
of  Woodland  township,  in  1847,  and  is  rapidly  gaining  favor  as  a 
shipping  ))oiiit.  Joel  A.  Barnes  and  Wm.  Dutch  represent  parties 
in  Beardstown  as  purchasers  of  grain. 


HISTOEY    OP   FULTON    COUNTY,  740 

^larbletowu  is  a  small  villaiic,  but  the  most  central  in  the  town- 
ship. Its  name  was  given  it  under  these  eireumstanees :  During 
the  autumn  of  1857  a  saw-mill  was  erected  by  C.  P.  Richardson 
and  Wm.  H.  Cogshall ;  of"  consequence  tenement  houses  were 
erected;  in  1868  Hiram  Marble  c^'  Son  bought  the  mill,  and  the 
])eoplc  naturally  called  the  collection  of  houses  about  the  mill 
"■  Marbletown."  In  1871  a  post-office  was  established  here  (the 
first  in  the  township)  and  Jacob  Severns  is  the  present  postmaster. 
Mr.  Severns  built  the  first  store-house  in  1859,  and  for  a  year  and 
a  half  he  carried  on  the  mercantile  business  in  a  small  way.  In 
1805  he  re-commenced  the  business  and  since  then  has  had  a  fair 
run  of  custom.  ^Ir.  Marble  was  the  second  grocer  and  merchant. 
Wm.  Patchen  also  began  the  business  last  year,  but  he  sold  to  A. 
E.  Ralston,  who  was  in  turn  succeeded  by  S.  W.  Sloan.  The  mill 
Avas  removed  several  years  ago,  and  biisiness  in  Marbletown  has 
consequently  been  diminished. 

Mr.  Marble  lost  a  son,  about  of  age,  in  the  saw-mill.  The  main 
driving  belt  or  shaft  caught  his  clothing  and  stripped  it  from  his  body, 
crushing  him  and  causing  instant  death. 

There  is  no  established  Church  in  Kerton  township.  Religious 
services  are  held  at  Hickory  school-house,  Cluney  school-house, 
Brown  school-house  and  at  Severns'.  There  is  no  regular  pastor. 
Latterly  Dr.  Note,  of  Woodland  township,  has  frequently  presided 
at  meetings  as  Pastor.  Xathaniel  McC'lellan,  it  is  bclievcti  was  among 
the  first  ministers  in  this  township.  Deacon  Abraham  F.  Brown, 
now  of  Schuyler  county,  was  the  first  to  preach  in  this  township, 
being  called  upon  to  preacii  the  funeral  sermon  of  Mrs.  John  Ker- 
ton. 

The  present  Justices  of  the  Peace  are  R.  S.  Warner  and  Wm,  A. 
Reardon  ;  Assessor,  James  ^lorningstar ;  Collector,  Jacob  Severns; 
Supervisor,  Lewis  Beatty  ;  Constable,  W.  L.  Wrestler;  Town  Clerk, 
Richard  Warner;  Road  Commissioners,  T.  J.  Wilson,  James  Morn- 
ingstar  and  Lemuel  Welker. 

T'ERSOXAT,    SKETCITES. 

We  now  complete  the  history  of  this  township  by  giving  biograph- 
ical sketches  of  old  settlers  and  leading  citizens: 

Cluirlcx  Ii(ni)ii(/ar(ln(r,  farmer,  son  of  Samuel  Baumgardner, 
was  born  March  15,  1850,  in  Pennsylvania.  About  1864  he  came  to 
F.ulton  county,  and  in  187(5  he  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  Daniel 
Severns  (an  original  j^ioneer  and  now  a  weathy  man,  owning  some 
1, .300  acres  of  good  land,  etc.)  Mr.  B.  resides  on  sec.  19,  where  he 
has  80  acres  of  land.     P.  ().,  Mari)letown. 

Jesse  Beamen,  deceased,  a  well-known  early  resident  of  this 
county,  whose  eventful  life  we  now  follow,  was  a  native  of  I\'nnsyl- 
vania,  where  he  was  born  in  179!).  While  a  lad  his  father  died  and 
receiving  ill-treatment  from  those  into  whose  hands  he  had  fallen  he 
ran  awav  to  New  York  State.     He  enlisted  in  the  war  of  1812  and 


750  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

when  discharf:;ed  returned  to  New  York.  He  soon  came  to  the  wilds 
of"  Indiana,  where  he  foUowcd  farmin*^  and  ran  a  saw-mill.  He  was 
married  while  there  to  Miss  Nan(ry  Pool,  dau<rhter  of  Jos('j)h  Pool 
and  cousin  of  Gen.  Joe  Hooker.  About  1840  he  came  to  Illinois, 
landing  in  Schuyler  county,  he  returned  to  Indiana  and  then  came  to 
Menard  county,  Hh,  and  in  1850  to  Fulton  county,  where  he  re- 
mained till  his  death  which  occurred  in  1858,  and  he  was  laid  at 
rest  in  Isabel  township.  Mrs.  B.  is  still  living  in  this  township. 
She  was  born  in  North  Carolina,  May  10,  1805.  Eight  children 
blessed  this  union,  of  whom  John  W.,  from  whom  this  sketch  is 
obtained,  is  the  younger.  He  was  born  July  15,  1843,  in  Schuyler 
Co.  He  enlisted  in  C\).  K.  10.'3d  111.  Inf.  and  served  throuirh  the 
late  war.  An  older  brother,  William,  was  also  a  soldier  and  died 
from  wounds. 

Isaac  Beaty,  farmer,  sec.  7 ;  P.  O,,  Marbletown.  Levi  Beaty, 
the  father  of  Isaac,  was  a  native  of  A^irginia  and  a  farmer  by  occu- 
pation. He  married  Miss  Sarah  Meredith  and  there  was  born  to 
them  a  family  of  14  children,  11  of  whom  grew  to  mature  years. 
Isaac  was  born  in  Newcastle  township,  Coshocton  Co.,  O.,  in  1815, 
where  he  passed  his  childhood,  youth  and  grew  to  manhood.  At 
the  age  of  20  he  was  married  to  Esther  Conner,  daughter  of  Daniel 
Conner,  of  Virginia.  They  were  blessed  with  9  children,  8  of 
whom  are  living, — Andrew  J.,  Peter,  Robert  L.,  Hiram,  Daniel, 
Sarah  J.,  Lydia  and  Isaac  L.,  Avho  resides  on  the  old  homestead  and 
is  one  of  the  enter})rising  young  men  of  the  township.  In  1851 
Mr.  B.  came  to  Fulton  Co.  and  settled  in  Kcrton  tj).  on  the  jirop- 
erty  he  now  owns,  and  has  since  kept  pace  with  the  advance  of  the 
county. 

James  H.  Blair,  blacksmith,  was  born  in  Lawrence  Co.,  Ind., 
in  1883;  in  1853  he  emigrated  to  this  township,  where  he  com- 
menced farming,  but  soon  turned  his  hand  to  blacksmithing,  at 
which  he  has  succeeded  well.  Here  he  has  had  a  family  of  3  chil- 
dren, none  of  whom  now  survive.  Indejiendent.  P.  O.,  Marble- 
town. 

John  BrojJii/,  farmer,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Ireland,  settled 
in  this  township  in  an  early  day,  and  died  in  1870,  after  acumulat- 
ing  considerable  pro])erty  by  years  of  toil.  He  owned  320  acres  of 
laud.  He  married  Mary  Waldcr,  and  their  children  were  James, 
W'illiain,  John,  Catherine,  Thomas,  Michael  and  Francis.  ISIrs. 
Brophy  was  a  native  of  New  York,  but  her  parents  were  from  Ire- 
land. 

Charles  D.  Broum,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  was  born  in  Isabel 
tp.,  this  county,  in  1848,  married  Ijottie  Scverns,  a  daughter  of  the 
late  Daniel  Scverns,  in  18()(i,  and  has  had  0  children, — Daniel,  Ida, 
Charles,  Lottie,  AVilliam  and  John.  Mr.  B.  has  240  acres  of  good 
land,  has  been  Collector  of  Kerton  tp..  School  Director,  etc.,  but 
has  never  sought  office.  In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat.  Residence 
on  sec.  10.     P.  O.,  Marbletown. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  7")1 

Joseph  Broicn,  farmer,  now  tloccascd,  was  born  in  IMeasant  t])., 
this  county,  May  1,  1843.  His  fatlicrwas  Charles  Jirown,  a  native 
of  Butler  Co.,  O.,  born  in  Cincinnati  in  1810,  who  married  Jane  E. 
Van  Garden,  of  New  Jersey,  and  had  14  children,  10  of  whom  sur- 
vive. In  1841  Charles  Brown  moved  with  his  family  to  Isabel  t]). 
near  where  Havana  now  is.  He  was  the  first  to  introduce  Hue  live 
stock,  the  first  to  brino;  in  the  Poland  China  hog.  His  beginnings 
were  slow,  but  he  finally  got  over  500  acres  of  land.  He  died  Dec. 
21,  1878.  The  old  lady  still  survives,  living  in  Isabel  tp.  Joseph 
grew  to  manhood,  obtaining  a  good  common-school  education,  and 
being  a  hard  worker  he  has  become  well  off.  Sept.  3,  18G6,  he  mar- 
ried Mary,  daughter  of  the  late  Daniel  Severns,  and  since  has  had 
4  children.  One  is  deaf  and  dumb.  He  was  sent  to  the  institute 
at  Jacksonville,  and  on  starting  home  he  got  upon  the  wrong  train, 
got  bewildered,  and  traveled  about  one  way  and  another  till  he 
reached  Denver,  Col.  Meanwhile  the  press  and  telegraph  were 
busy  advertising  for  the  lost  boy,  and  at  this  point  succeeded  in 
finding  him,  when  he  was  brought  home  to  his  rejoicing  parents. 
The  liome  is  on  sec.  10,  and  the  P.  ().  is  Marblctown. 

W.  J.  Cdi'lock,  farmer,  was  born  near  Springfield,  111.,  otie  of  the 
first  white  children  born  in  this  State.  His  father,  Abraham  Car- 
lock,  was  a  native  of  Virginia  and  a  farmer;  married  his  first  wife, 
Abigail  Osborne,  in  that  State,  :uid  had  8  children.  She  dic^l,  and 
Mr.  C.  moved  to  Tenn.,  and  married  Mary  Ann  Lee,  by  whom  he 
had  10  children.  W.  J.,  the  youngest  was  one  of  the  earliest  ])io- 
neers  of  Fulton  county,  went  to  school  and  diligently  worked  his 
way  along.  In  1844  he  married  Plannah,  daughter  of  Edward 
Pass,  an  Englishman,  who  came  to  America  in  184'i  and  eventually 
settled  in  Eulton  Co.,  where  he  died.  His  wife  was  a  Miss  ^Vlice 
Andrew,  who  died  in  England.  Mr.  Carlock  has  been  Constable 
and  Road  Commissioner.  He  owns  a  120-acre  farm,  in  Kerton  tp,, 
on  sec.  22.     P.  ().,  Marblctown.     Democrat. 

Will.  Cole,  deceased,  was  born  in  Chicago,  111.,  a  son  to  Dr. 
Cameron  Cole.  The  Doctor  settled  on  the  present  site  of  Chicago 
when  there  were  but  two  buildings  there  (log  cabins).  He  came 
from  S^'otland,  taking  to  himself  a  wife  on  shi})-l)oard.  They  had 
o  children,  of  whom  Wm.  is  the  oldest.  When  but  two  years  of  age 
William  was  stolen  by  the  Indians;  every  white  inhabitant  rushing 
to  the  rescue,  he  was  found  and  brought  back.  He  subsequentlv 
obtained  a  liberal  education,  came  to  Fulton  Co.,  and  followed 
farming  during  life.  Nov.  2,  1832,  he  married  Marv  Scclinrn  of 
Kentucky,  by  whom  he  had  7  children  :  Lucy,  who  married  John 
H.  Aswell ;  Thomas,  who  married  Alice  C-ullen ;  James  B.,  who 
married  Sarah  E.  Clunev ;  Henrv  C,  Clara,  Elinira  and  Nancy  J. 
At  the  first  call  Mr.  Cole  enlisted  in  the  2(1  111.  Cav.,  obtained 
through  meritorious  conduct  the  rank  of  Sergeant,  and  was  honor- 
ably discharged  at  the  close  of  the  Rebellion.  He  died  at  his  home 
in  this  tp.     Mrs.  C.  died  in  1878.     Thomas  and  James  B.  are  the 


752  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

only  ohiklren  now  residing  in  this  tp.  Tlie  latter  was  horn  in  this 
Co.  in  185G,  and  in  ^lay,  1878,  he  was  married.     Ropnl)liean. 

Edmund  Curh^s.  This  gentleman  resides  upon  see.  30,  and  gets 
his  mail  at  Marhlctown.  He  was  horn  in  Brown  Co.,  ().,  in  1831 ; 
at  the  age  of  15,  aecompanied  his  parents,  Joseph  and  IjUcv  Curless, 
to  Illinois  and  located  in  Woodland  tp.,  this  eounty.  When  Presi- 
dent Lincoln  called  for  troops  to  sn])press  the  HehcUion,  P^dmnnd 
enlisted  in  Co.  I,  85th  111.  Inf.,  and  participated  in  many  hattles. 
He  went  out  as  private  and  was  promoted  to  Orderly  Sergeant  and 
afterwards  to  First  Lieutenant.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he  was  dis- 
charged and  returned  to  Fulton  Co.  He  had  previously  married 
Marv  Xewton,  dauirhter  of  Dr.  Xewton,  deceased.  There  are  7 
children  living  of  this  marriage :  Olive  and  Florence,  twins.  Flora, 
Oscar,  Edmund,  Elizabeth  and  Lilly. 

Jonathan  Curless,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  was  born  in  Brown  Co., 
O.,  in  183().  His  father,  John  Curless,  was  also  born  in  Ohio,  fol- 
lowed farming,  and  married  Pho'be  Rumney,  and  they  became  the 
parents  of  7  children.  They  migrated  to  this  county  when  Jona- 
than, next  to  the  youngest,  was  a  very  small  boy ;  but  the  boy  -re- 
turned to  Ohio,  where  he  grew  to  manhood  and  married  Sarah  J., 
daughter  of  James  Lemons.  His  children  are  :  Nora  A.,  Emery  B., 
Linda  A.,  Llysses  G.,  Ida  B.  and  Nancy  J., — (i  in  number.  On 
the  breaking  out  of  the  great  war  ]\lr.  C.  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  189th 
Reg.  Ohio  Inf ,  for  the  term  of  war.  At  its  close  he  was  honorably 
discharged  at  Nashville,  Tenn.,  and  returned  to  Ohio.  In  18G9  he 
went  to  Missouri,  and  in  ]87"2  settled  in  Kerton  tp.  P.O.,  Marble- 
town.     Polities,  Repul)lican. 

George  W.  Dohson,  farmer  and  machinist.  Mr.  D.  was  born  in 
Woodland  tp.,  Fulton  Co.,  in  1844;  he  grew  up  in  that  tp.,  and  at 
the  age  of  18  he  enlisted  in  Co.  K,  IHth  111.  Inf.  He  was  engaged 
in  manv  battles,  Duriniii:  the  sies::e  of  Knoxville,  while  his  ami  two 
other  companies  were  escorting  the  })aymasterto  Burnside's  Division, 
were  taken  prisoners,  and  t)fficers  and  men  were  sent  to  Libby  Prison. 
Jan.  1,  18(>3,  Mr.  I),  came  in  sight  of  this  wretched  pen.  It  formerly 
l)ad  been  a  tobacco  factory  and  was  (50x100  feet  in  size,  3  stories 
high.  He  was  stripped  of  many  articles  of  wearing  apj)arel  ami 
contined  to  the  3d  story,  where  he  had  a  good  opportunity  to 
note  the  sorrv  condition  of  the  Union  soldiers,  whose  onlv  fault  was 
a  devotictn  to  the  old  Hai>-.  Verv  few  were  decentlv  clothed.  ^Ir. 
I),  spent  many  wearv  months  of  privation  and  suffering  scarcely 
credible  to  those  who  have  never  known  the  j)angs  of  hunger  or 
thirst.  He  finally  was  released  and  discharged  from  the  U.  S.  .service 
in  August,  1805.  In  1874  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary 
Brown,  daughter  of  Jacob  Brown.  They  have  a  family  of  "2  children  ; 
Luland  and  an  infant. 

Michael  Doirliiifj,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,sec.  5 ;  P.  O.,  ]Marble- 
town.  Mr.  I),  is  a  native  of  Ireland,  where  he  was  born  about  the 
year  184G.     His  father,    M.  Dowling,  was  a  farmer  in  Ii'eland   and 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  753 

there  married  Bridget  Corcoran.  Of  this  marriage  there  were  born 
7  children,  ^lichael  the  youngest.  At  the  age  of  13  he  crossed  the 
ocean  for  the  New  AVorhl.  After  the  usual  voyage  he  landed  in 
New  York,  from  where  he  went  to  Louisville,  Ky,,  then  came  to 
Mason  Co.,  111.,  and  finally  settled  in  Isabel  tj).,  Fulton  Co.,  where 
he  worked  several  years  by  the  month.  In  1874  he  was  married  to 
Miss  ]Mary  A.,  daughter  of  Wm.  Carney,  a  native  of  Ireland,  who 
settled  in  Fulton  Co.  in  an  early  day.     They  have  2  children. 

John  V.  Ehlen,  farmer,  was  born  in  Hardin  Co.,  Ky.,  Sept.  30, 
1817.  His  father,  James  Elden,  was  also  a  native  of  Kentcky,  was 
a  farmer  and  a  meclianic,  married  Sarah  Yan  Meter,  by  whom  he 
had  13  children.  He  became  a  wealthy  planter,  and  died  in  1827. 
John  Y.  married  Hester  Farmer  in  Kentucky,  and  has  had  7  chil- 
dren,— Mary  J.,  Sarah,  James,  Thomas,  Jonas,  John  and  AVilliam. 
From  1857  to  1864  Mr.  E.  lived  in  Missouri,  since  which  time  he 
has  resided  on  sec.  14,  this  tp.,  owning  80  acres  of  valuable  land. 
P.  O.,  Marbletown. 

Lawrence  Fall,  farmer,  was  born  in  county  Clare,  Ireland,  about 
1839.  His  father,  Lawrence  Fall  was  also  a  farmer,  married  Mar- 
garet McXamara,  and  had  10  children.  Lawrence,  the  youngest, 
grew  to  manhood,  receiving  a  good  common-school  education,  and 
in  May,  1870,  he  came  to  America.  He  soon  settled  in  this  tp.,  on 
sec.  11,  where  he  owns  100  acres  of  land.  Politics  Democratic,  and 
P.  O.,  Marl)letown. 

Ji-fco^  7'7.s/(c';',  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  30;  P.  O.,  BlufFCitv ; 
among  the  leading  farmers  of  this  township  Mr.  F.  finds  a  place  in 
the  biographical  department  of  this  work.  He  is  a  native  of  Ger- 
many, where  he  was  born  in  1823.  His  father,  Jacob  Fisher,  was  a 
farmer  by  occupation  and  married  at  Baden  Miss  Elizal)eth  Tavlor. 
Our  subject  was  their  youngest  child.  At  the  age  of  11  he  brought 
him  to  the  U.  S.  At  Buffalo  his  father  died.  Young  Jacob  went  to 
Coshocton  Co.,  Ohio.,  where  he  was  a  farm  hand.  In  1845  he  came 
to  Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  where  he  remained  until  the  Mexican  war  l)n)ke 
out,  when  he  enlisted  in  Col.  Dunlajj's  regiment.  He  returned  to 
Schuyler  Co.,  where  he  remained  6  years  and  married  Miss  Louisa 
Miller,  and  about  1859  moved  to  Kerton  t]>.,  where  he  ])urchased 
160  acres  of  land.  He  has  increased  his  jiossessions  thi'ough  un- 
common perseverance  to  one  section  oi"  land.  The  marriage  above 
referred  to  has  been  blessed  with  9  children,  7  of  whom  are  living: 
Mary,  Yalentine,  Mahala,  George,  I^aura,  Anna  and  Ellen.  Melissa 
and  John  deceased.     Mrs.  F.  died  April  5,  1876. 

ThoiiKis  P.  Kearney,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  33 ;  P.  O., 
Marbletown,  is  a  son  of  I*atrick  Kearney  of  Isabel  tp.  Patrick 
Kearney  crossed  the  ocean  in  an  early  day.  He  had  previously 
married  in  Ireland  Bridget  Falon,  who  has  become  the  mother  of  7 
children,  none  of  whom  survive,  however,  save  the  subject  of  this 
sketch.  Thomas  grew  up  in  Fulton  Co.,  where  he  received  his  pre- 
liminary education^  afterwards  taking  a   business  course  at  Notre 


754  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Dame,  Ind.  After  receiving  a  liberal  education  he  returned  to  Ful- 
ton Co.,  where  he  has  since  successfully  followed  farming.  In  1867 
he  was  married  to  Miss  Mary,  daughter  of  Peter  Lally,  of  Havana, 
by  whom  he  had  G  children,  4  of  whom  are  living:  Anna,  Bridget, 
Mary  and  Kate. 

J.  W.  Lincbaugh,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  18,  P.  O.,  Marble- 
town  ;  is  one  of  the  most  successful  agriculturists  in  this  county. 
He  is  a  native  of  Rockingham  Co.,  Va.,  where  he  was  born  in 
1820,  and  is  the  son  of  Junius  and  Susan  (Wilds)  Lincbaugh. 
They  moved  to  Coshocton  Co.,  O.,  in  an  early  day,  where  they  pass- 
ed the  remainder  of  their  days.  They  had  a  family  of  10  children. 
In  1843,  J.  W.  secured  employment  with  Johnson  Bros.',  promi- 
nent farmers,  and  whose  superintendent  he  soon  became.  The  first 
money  he  earned  was  at  work  on  a  dock.  When  a  boy  he  bought 
calves  and  raised  them,  which  he  did  at  a  profit.  He  .set  foot  in 
Chicago  as  early  as  184(3  on  one  of  his  trips  West.  In  1854  he  set- 
tled in  Kerton,  where  he  married  during  the  year,  Miss  Ilebeeca 
Butler,  who  owned  120  acres  of  land.  They  soon  began  to  prosper, 
and  now  own  1,100  acres  of  land.  i 

William  MarMcij,  farmer,  stock-raiser  and  apiarian,  was  born  in 
Cosliocton  Co.,  O.,  in  1830.  At  the  age  of  10  years  he  accompan- 
ied his  parents,  David  and  Rebecca  Markley,  to  Illinois.  They  at 
first  settled  in  Schuyler  Co.,  but  soon  moved  to  Fulton,  where  Wm. 
was  raised  and  received  a  liberal  education,  and  was  quietly  pursu- 
ing his  farm  duties  when  the  war  broke  out,  when  he  enlisted  in  Co. 
I,  85th  111.  Inf.  He  was  discharged  in  18()"2  and  returned  to  his 
old  home,  where  in  1838  he  had  married  I^avina  Masters.  They 
have  a  family  of  5  children.  Mr.  M.  has  a  fine  farm  of  320  acres. 
He  has  held  manv  local  offices. 

Vandoras  Martin,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  7  ;  P.  O.,  Marble- 
town  ;  is  a  native  of  Zanesville,  ().,  where  he  was  born  in  1820. 
His  father,  Thomas  Martin,  was  born  in  Maryland,  and  was  united 
in  marriage  there  with  Miss  Anna  Blaine,  of  Penn.  They  had  a 
family  of  11  children,  of  whom  Vimdoras  was  the  eldest.  He  was 
only  3  years  of  age  when  his  ])arents  came  to  Ohio.  In  1837  they 
made  the  usual  overland  trij)  to  Illinois;  crossed  the  Illinois  at 
Beardstown  and  fbllowcHl  the  wagon  tracks  and  landed  in  Wood- 
land tp.,  this  county.  The  usual  cabin  was  erected  in  a  short  time, 
and  the  jiioneer  family  began  Western  life  in  earnest.  The  long 
trii)s  to  mills,  raising  of  cabins,  corn-huskings,  bee-huntings,  being 
the  diversion  from  the  monotony  of  clearing  and  grubbing.  In 
1851  Mr.  M.  was  married  to  Miss  Diana  Beamen,  by  whom  he  has 
4  children  :  Hortense,  Manning,  Sylvester  and  Melinda.  In  1853 
Mr.  M.  purchased  his  first  projwrty,  consisting  of  180  acres.  After 
a  life  of  unusual  activity  and  success,  he  rests  in  affluence,  own- 
ing the  best  residences  in  the  township  and  428  acres  of  land. 

David  McNeill,  deceased.  Long  before  Illinois  gave  an  indication 
of  its   present  prosperity,  when  the  smoke  from  Indian  wigwams 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  ^■J0 

were  still  seen  in  the  Illinois  Valley,  David  McNeill  made  his  way 
to  Illinois.  He  arrived  in  Fnlton  connty  in  1827,  and  became 
widely  known.  He  was  born  in  New  Hampshire,  and  went  to  New 
York  with  his  parents  when  11  years  old,  and  in  1820  to  Indiana, 
and  7  years  later  to  this  county,  where  he  passed  the  remainder  of 
his  life.  He  was  twice  married.  Dec.  9,  1819,  he  married  Miss 
Mary  Cole,  who  bore  him  9  children.  She  was  a  poetess,  and  died 
Dec'  10,  1840.  Mr.  McNeill  married  Mrs.  Maria  (Smith)  Huflt' 
March  .'il,  1841.  Five  of  his  sons  served  in  the  late  war;  one  ^jave 
np  his  life  for  the  country  and  another  was  an  inmate  of  Lil)by 
prison,  but  made  his  escape.  Our  subject  and  his  brother,  Parker, 
were  the  first  settlers  in  South  Fulton.  Shortly  after  his  arrival  a 
congregation  was  formed,  and  the  first  Methodist  ministrations  were 
held  at  his  house.  He  was  an  earnest  Christian  man,  liberal  in  his 
views  and  with  his  purse.  He  was  a  large  contrilnitor  to  the  new 
church  in  Astoria,  and  on  the  day  of  dedication  the  trustees  hon- 
ored the  old  pioneer  and  themselves  by  naming  it  the  McNeill  Cen- 
tenary Chapel.  He  passed  away  Sept.  30,  1867,  and  lies  at  rest  in 
Astoria  township, 

Joseph  E.  Moore,  farmer,  sec.  14 ;  P.  O.,  Marbletown ;  was  born 
in  184>3  in  Missouri.  His  father  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  who 
married  Lydia  Mosslander,  and  had  8  children.  They  then  moved 
to  Fulton  county,  where  Joseph,  the  second  of  the  childn^n,  passed 
his  boyhood.  During  the  war  he  enlisted  in  Co.  I,  8.")th  111.  Inf ,  as 
a  private,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Chickamauga,  Jones- 
boro,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Rome,  Buzzard  Roost,  etc.  Honorably 
discharged  at  Springfield,  111.,  he  returned  to  this  townshiji,  where 
he  married  Clarissa  Jewel,  by  whom  he  has  had  o  children, — Clarissa 
E.,  Dora  M.  and  Myrtle  V! 

William  A.  Raridin,  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  wagon-maker,  set- 
tled in  this  township  in  the  autumn  of  1848.  He  was  born  in  Ma- 
son county,  Ky.,  in  1827;  his  father,  Jesse  Raridin,  was  a  native 
of  Pennsylvania,  where  he  married  Miss  Ruth  Applegate.  rhey 
had  a  family  of  1.*}  children.  Jesse  R.  moved  to  Indiana  and  con- 
tinued to  follow  farming  and  passed  the  remainder  of  his  life  in  that 
State.  Mrs.  R.  died  many  years  before  her  husband  did.  William 
grew  U])  in  Indiana  and  learned  the  trade  of  wagon-making  and 
since  his  coming  here  has  followed  farming  and  wagon-making. 
During  the  autumn  of  1849  he  was  united  in  married  with  a  daughter 
of  Thomas  Seaborn,  Miss  Amanda,  one  of  the  ])ioneers  of  Fulton 
county.  They  have  6  children  livino;  out  of  a  family  of  9  born  to 
them.  Their  names  are  Mary  A.,  Catharine,  IMatt,  Wm.,  Melissa 
and  Emma. 

Jacob  Severns  ranks  among  the  first  settlers  of  the  county.  He  is 
a  native  of  Coshocton,  O.,  where  he  was  born  in  March,  in  1832. 
His  father  was  Daniel  Sevcrns,  of  Pennsylvania,  who  came  AVest 
settling  in  Ohio  and  from  there  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1842,  settling  in 
Kerton  tp.     In  subsequent  years  he  lived  in  Astoria  township,  but 


756  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

passed  the  remainder  of  his  life  in  AVoodhmd.  Mrs.  Severns  died 
in  February,  1871.  Jacob  was  married  in  1854  to  Miss  Marv  M. 
^\'illiams.  They  liad  a  family  of  (5  eliildren  :  Mrs.  S.  died  May 
11,  18()S.  Mr,  8.  was  again  married  April  '22,  1869,  this  time  to 
Miss  Mahala  Wallace.  Tliey  have  one  child.  Mr.  S.  is  Town 
Clerk,  which  ottice  he  held  for  3  years  previously. 

Jo/iii  ir.  S/ii('((ls,  farm(>r  and  jjroeer,  was  the  son  of  Asu  L. 
Shields,  whose  father  was  born  in  East  Tennessee  in  1805,  moved  to 
Indiana  and  died  there,  when  ,Vsa  was  but  12  years  old.  The 
orphan  moved  to  Woodland  townshij)  in  1829,  grew  to  manhood, 
and  after  roughing  it  for  many  years  he  accumulated  considerable 
])roperty,  married  Mary,  daughter  of  John  and  Mary  ]Miner,  and 
had  8  children,  all  yet  living.  During  the  great  war  he  enlisted  in 
Co.  I,  3d  Cav,  In  about  a  year  he  was  wounded  and  discharged,  and 
he  returned  home.  In  1860  he  married  Rachel,  daughter  of  Thos. 
and  Fanny  Seehom,  and  has  had  4  more  children, — Geo.  A.  Marion, 
Mary  I,  and  Martha  A,  For  a  year  Mr.  S,  has  been  a  grocer  at 
Heenan,  and  is  an  enterprising  and  generous  man, 

8.  W.  Sloan,  merchant,  Marbletuwn,  is  a  native  of  Isabel  town- 
shij), Fulton  county.  He  was  born  Dec,  13,  1853,  and  is  the  eldest 
son  of  Samuel  Sloan,  an  early  settler  of  Fulton  county.  He  is  a 
native  of  Fayette  county,  O.,  and  his  parents  came  West  when  he 
was  a  lad  and  first  settled  in  Mason  county  iu  1832,  and  12  years 
later  moved  to  Fulton  county,  S,  W,  received  a  liberal  education 
and  in  1874  was  united  in  marriage  with  ^Sliss  Effie  J,Saffer,  They 
have  one  child,  whom  they  liave  cliristened  Frank.  February  17, 
1878,  Mr,  S,  eml)arked  in  the  mercantile  business  at  Duncan's  Mills 
and  June  23,  of  this  year  (1879)  moved  to  Marbletown, 

Ahrnham  Tippj/,  agriculturist,  was  born  in  1827,  in  Williamson 
Co,,  111,  His  grandfather  was  Abraham  Tippy,  a  native  of  Xew 
York,  a  farmer,  and  a  soldier  in  the  Revolutionary  war  until  its 
close.  He  married  Nancy  Spellers  and  had  13  children,  the  3d  of 
whom  was  James,  the  father  of  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  James 
was  born  in  1802,  in  Tenuessee,  and  when  a  child  his  parents  emi- 
grated with  him  to  Williamson  Co.,  111.,  where  he  grew  to  manhood, 
receiving  a  comnu>n-school  education,  and  married  Elizabeth, 
daughter  of  Sterling  Hill  of  N,  C,  by  whom  he  had  7  children, 
Abraham,  the  oldest,  passed  his  youth  there  as  a  farmer,  and  after 
serving  as  a  soldier  during  the  Mexican  war,  he  returned  home  and 
married  Sarah,  daughter  of  Nathaniel  Sands  of  Ohio,  by  whom  he 
has  had  5  children, — James  N.,  Winfield  S,,  Harvey  L,,  Abraham 
A.  and  E.  E.  Mr,  Tippy  came  to  Kerton  tp,  in  1853,  purchased 
98  acres  of  land,  and  is  now  the  owner  of  148  acres  of  well  im- 
proved land.  He  has  been  Su])ervisor  11  years.  School  Director, 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  etc.     In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat. 

John  Trai/ar,  farmer  and  blacksmith,  was  born  in  1814  in  Penn- 
sylvania ;  being  left  an  or})han  when  young,  he  was  reared  by  a 
family  named  McCune,  who  brought  him  to  Ohio,  near  Columbus. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  757 

In  1841  he  emigrated  to  Illinois  and  settled  in  Marshall  Co. ;  was  a 
soldier  in  the  Mexican  war;  married  Johanna  Macklin,  in  Cass  Co., 
and  has  had  4  children, — Lydia,  Xancy  A.,  James  E.  and  Joshua 
E.  Mrs.  Trayar  died  May  7,  1854,  and  the  following  October  Mr. 
T.  married  Sarah,  daughter  of  John  W.  Hardy,  by  whom  he  has 
had  3  children, — Jane  Irving,  Simeon  R.  O.  and  James  F.  In  the 
last  war  Mr.  T.  enlisted  in  Co.  I,  85th  111.  Inf.,  and  was  made  Cor- 
poral;  fought  und(  r  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the  sea,  honorably 
discharged  at  Washington,  D.  C,  and  returned  home.  He  located 
in  this  tp.  in  ]857.     In  politics  he  is  a  Republican. 

James  D.  Tyrcr,  physician  and  surgeon,  MarbletoMii ;  was  born 
in  Quincy,  111.,  in  1832.  When  quite  small  his  parents  moved  to 
Wisconsin,  where  in  the  mining  regions  they  remained  some  18 
years,  when  they  moved  back  to  Quincy.  His  father  was  among 
the  original  settlers  of  Quincy  and  settled  there  among  the  Indi- 
ans. He  bought  a  soldier's  claim  lying  adjacent  to  what  is  now  the 
city  of  Quincy.  Although  not  a  graduate  of  a  medical  institute  he 
acquired  consideral)le  skill  as  a  physician  and  became  a  prominent 
citizen  of  Quincy.  He  set  up  and  had  in  running  order  the  first 
mill  stones  ever  brought  to  Adams  county.  He  died  at  Quincy  in 
the  87th  vear  of  his  ao-e.  Mrs.  T.  is  livino;  at  the  ao;e  of  1)1.  The 
Doctor  is  the  youngest  of  6  sons.  He  received  a  liberal  education 
at  Quincy  and  graduated  from  the  Chicago  Medical  College  in 
1859.  He  first  began  practice  at  Quincy,  where  in  1855  he  had 
married  Miss  Catharine  INI.  Terry.  He  went  from  thc-re  to  Mt. 
Sterling,  thence  to  Jacksonville,  then  to  Astoria  and  finally  to 
Marbletown.     He  has  a  family  of  5  children. 

George  Warner,  farmer,  sec.  8 ;  P.  O.,  Marbletown  ;  was  born  in 
Harrison  county,  O.,  in  1850.  His  father,  Samuel  Warner,  was  a 
native  of  the  Buckeye  State  and  farmer  by  occupation.  He  moved 
to  Indiana  and  married  Miss  Sarah  Carter.  They  raised  a  family 
of  12  children,  George  being  the  youngest  surviving  son.  Samuel 
Warner  came  to  Fulton  county  in  1858  and  purchased  farm  prop- 
erty in  Kerton.  He  died  at  Lewistown,  and  Mrs.  W.  passed  away 
many  years  before  her  husband  did,  and  but  6  cliildren  survive.  In 
1871  George  was  married  to  Miss  Lucinda  Le  Masters.  Lillie  V., 
David  and  Ira  V.  are  their  children. 

Lemuel  Wdkcr,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  was  born  in  1834,  in 
Knox  county,  O.  His  father,  David  Welker,  was  also  a  native  of 
Ohio  and  a  farmer,  and  moved  to  this  county  in  1848.  In  Ohio  he 
married  Margaret  Darling,  by  whom  he  has  had  9  children  ;  of  these 
7  are  living.  Lemuel,  the  second  of  them,  was  brought  up  in  Ful- 
ton county.  At  the  commencement  of  the  late  war  he  enlisted  in 
Co.  I,  85th  Inf.,  and  was  engaged  in  the  battles  of  Stone  River, 
Resaca,  Buzzard  Roost,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Chickamauga,  Jones- 
boro  and  other  places.  Serving  until  the  close  of  the  war,  he  was 
honorably  discharged  at  Springfield  and  returned  home.  He  has  a 
good  farm  of  ItJO  acres,  on  sec,  9.     In   18G8  he  married   Caroline, 


758  HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 

daughter  of  Wm.  Potter,  of  Pennsylvania.  He  has  no  children 
liviiii::.  ^Ii*-  ^^'-  i'^  Independent  in  politics,  voting  for  the  man  and 
not  the  party.     P.  ().,  Marl)letown. 

Edwin  Weston,  farmer  and  stoek-raiser,  was  born  in  Staffordshire, 
Eng.,  in  18.32.  His  father,  Robert  W^eston,  was  a  game-keeper, 
who  married  Jane  Adams,  and  tiiey  were  the  parents  of  9  children, 
the  youngest  of  whom  is  Edwin.  They  emigrated  to  America  in 
1846  and  settled  100  miles  below  Niagara  Falls.  In  a  few  months 
they  came  to  Isabt^l  township,  this  county,  Mrs.  W.  dying  in 
Chicago  en  route.  Edwin  soon  learned  to  take  care  of  himself,  and 
in  June,  1853,  he  married  Margaret,  a  daughter  of  Geo.  Cooper,  of 
Ohio.  Mr.  W.  has  now  a  home  of  his  own  on  sec.  6,  and  has  been 
Assessor  and  Road  Commissioner.     Democrat.     P.  O.,  Otto. 

Thomas  \V.  Wilson,  farmer,  sec.  6 ;  is  a  native  of  Harrison  county, 
Ind.,  and  was  born  in  1835.  His  father,  Joseph  AVilson,  was  born 
in  East  Tennessee,  where  he  followed  farming  and  married  Margaret 
Armstrong.  She  became  the  mother  of  6  children,  and  was  taken 
from  him  bv  death.  He  then  married  Miss  Marv  M.  Rogers,  who 
bore  him  3  children.  Thomas  accompanied  his  parents  to  Fulton 
county  in  1855.  He  married  in  Indiana  Miss  Martha  A.  Deweese, 
by  whom  he  has  16  children;  3  having  passed  away.  We  give  the 
names  of  his  children:  Sarah  P.,  Joseph  A\  .,  John  W,,  Mary  S., 
Margaret  E.,  Chas.  S.,  Amos  L.,  De  Lefayette,  Nandora,  Laura  B., 
Emmet  C.  Lewis  E.,  Martha  A.,  Hays,  Thomas  and  Gertrude. 

II.  L.  Wrestler,  farmer  and  stoek-raiser,  sec.  7;  P.  O.,  Marble- 
town  ;  is  a  native  Br(»wn  county,  O.,  where  he  was  born  Feb,  13, 
1825,  his  father,  Henry  Wrestler,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  where 
he  followed  farming  and  there  married  Miss  Lydia  Rass,  by  whom 
he  had  a  familv  of  5  children.  W.  L.  being:  next  to  the  voungest. 
He  grew  to  manhood  in  Ohio  and  there  married  Sarah  J.,  daughter 
of  Samuel  and  Margaret  Warner.  Ten  children  have  been  born  to 
them,  7  of  whom  are  living:  Lydia,  Minerva  V.,  Marcus,  Sarah, 
Lafayette,  George  and  Ida  M.  During  the  autumn  of  1852  Mr.  W. 
made  his  way  to  Illinois  and  hicuted  in  Kerton  townshi]>.  on  the 
pro})erty  now  owned  by  J.  W.  Linebaugh  and  the  following  year 
purchased  80  acres  of  his  present  farm  which  consists  of  240  acres. 

Lewis  P.  Wrir/hf,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  was  born  in  Harrison 
Co.,  Ind.,  in  1844.  His  father,  Wm.  Wright,  was  also  born  in  In- 
diana, followed  farming,  and  marrietl  Melinda  Wiseman,  a  native  of 
Virginia.  Thev  had  'J  children.  Lewis,  the  7th,  came  to  this  tp.  in 
1856;  in  1861  he  enlisted  in  Co.  G,  85th  111.  Inf,  for  the  term  of 
war,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of  Perry  ville,  Cliickamauga,  Mis- 
sion Ridge,  Buzzard  Roost,  Wake  Creek  Gap,  Jonesboro,  etc.  At 
one  time  his  regiment  was  under  tire  for  108  successive  days.  After 
the  war  he  returned  home  Aug.  30,  1866,  he  married  Harriet, 
daughter  of  St.  Clair  Murray,  who  was  among  the  first  settlers  of 
this  tp.  Their  children  are  Charley,  John  W.,  Sarah,  Elmer  and 
Edmund.  He  has  SO  acres  of  land,  on  sec.  3.  Republican.  P.O., 
Marbletown. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


759 


We  give  below  a  list  of  the  township  officers  who  served  in  Kerton 
since  1859,  snpervisors  from  1850. 


i^LTEK  VISORS. 


George  Anderson 1850 

Patrick  H.  McKee 1851 

Win.  Fnson 1852 

Daniel  Severns 1854- 

Wm.  Fuson 185() 

A.  J.  Kalston 1857- 


60 


AbnerBassott 18til 

A.  J.  Ralston 1862-66 

Abram  Tippv 1867-76 

Abncr  Bassett 1877 

Abrani  Tippy 1878 

Isaac  L.  Beattv 1869 


TOWN    CLERKS. 


Hugh  McIIiigh 1859-72 

James  McCausland 1873 

A.  J.  Ralston 187-i 


James  Orr 1875-78 

Richard  Warren 1879 


ASSESSORS. 


W.  S.Fuson 1859-60 

Cornelius  Phalen 1861-65 

Cornelius  Phalen 1866-75 


Edwin  Weston 1875-75 

James  Morningstar 1879 


COLLECTORS. 


Abram  Tippv 1859-61 

W.  L.  Wrestler 1862 

Joseph  Richardson 186:5-64 

G.  O.  Richardson l!^65-66 

James  Morningstar 1867 

S.B.  Tippv 1868 

W.  L.  Wrestler 1869 


G.O.Richardson 1870 

Jacob  Severns 1871 

S.  B.Tippy 1872 

Jacol)  Severns 1873-74 

Chas.  Brown 1875 

Jacob  Severns 1876-77 

Joseph  Butler 1878-79 


45 


LEE  TOWNSHIP. 

In  rcfjard  to  agricultural  resources,  this  townshij)  is  unsurpassed 
by  any  in  the  county.  It  is  acceded  by  all  to  be  one  of  the  finest 
bodies  of  land  in  tiiis  part  of  the  State,  and  is  under  a  high  and  al- 
most perfect  state  of  cultivation. 

Sept.  26,  1832,  Stephen  Rigdon  arrived  in  this  county.  He  lo- 
cated at  Canton,  Mhere  he  lived  until  May  1,  1834,  Avhen  he  moved 
into  Lee  township,  being-  the  first  white  man  to  erect  a  cabin  and 
make  his  home  in  this  township.  The  family  lived  here  for  a  ]>cr- 
iod  of  five  months  before  they  saw  another  white  person.  Mr.  Rig- 
don  located  upon  section  36.  Harrison  Rigdon  was  22  years  of 
age  at  the  time,  and  savs  he  th<)uo;ht  nothing  of  going  25  or  30 
miles  on  foot  through  the  wild  country.  Upon  one  occasion  he, 
with  10  others,  engaged  in  building  a  mill  on  sec.  4,  Cass  township, 
upon  Put  creek,  for  Andrew  Laswell.  A  Mrs.  Cline  was  employed 
to  do  the  cooking.  Some  way  or  another  Mr.  Ijaswell  offended  her. 
She  gathered  n\)  her  cooking  utensils  and  (piitted  them.  Thus  the 
11  men  were  left  to  do  their  own  cooking,  with  only  one  tin  cup 
and  a  wooden  trough  as  their  kitchen  furniture.  The  trough  they 
used  to  mix  the  dough  in,  which  they  cooked  by  setting  a  board  in 
the  ground  not  far  from  a  log  fire  and  jiressed  the  dough  upon  this, 
fronting  the  blazing  log.  After  a  crust  had  Ibrmed  over  the  dough 
the  bacon  w^as  laid  (i})on  it  to  cook,  letting  the  grease  run  down 
over  the  bread. 

The  first  child  born  in  the  township  was  Jacob  Peirsol.  The 
second  was  Hiram  Rigdon.  dames  ( )sborn  and  Ruth  Smith  were 
the  first  couple  married.  The  ceremony  was  performed  by  James 
Haney,  and  occurred  in  Marcli,  IS.').").  Morgan  Real  was  the  first 
grown  person  to  die.  Tiie  first  school-house  was  erected  in  1839 
and  the  first  teacher  was  Eli/.abetii  Moon.  The  first  sermon  was 
j)reached  at  the  residence  of  Stephen  Rigdon  by  Elder  John  Rig- 
don, his  brother,  who  was  a  Christian  preacher.  The  first  Church 
organized  was  the  Christian  Church  in  1835.  The  first  frame  barn 
erected  in  the  townshiji  was  built  for  Ezra  D.  Smith,  who  is  now 
Postmaster  at  Prairie  City.  It  stood  until  June  17,  1879,  when  it 
was  burned  down.  The  first  saw  and  grist-mill  was  erected  by 
Philip  Aylesworth  in  1837. 

Lee  townsliip  was  organized  into  an  election  precinct  in  1841. 
At  the   time   there  were  13  voters   in   the  township.     Previous  to 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  7()1 

this,  Dccrfickl,  Ellisvillo,  Union  and  Lee  composed  one  election 
precinct. 

In  18(3B  the  Viro;il  M.  E.  Chnrch  was  organized.  There  lias 
been  a  societv  here  for  at  least  .30  years.  The  first  Chnrch  Board 
consisted  of  5  Trustees,  with  Secretary  and  Treasurer.  Geo.  W. 
Brown  was  pastor  at  that  time.  Then  came  in  succession  ]levs. 
Smith,  Cook,  Budd,  Jennie  Brothers,  Birch,  Woodruff,  Magee, 
Green,  Atherton  and  Martin,  who  is  the  present  Pastor. 

The  first  I'aptist  Church  of  Lee  townshi]i  was  organized  by  l\ev. 
Miner  Nov.  20,  184U,  and  consisted  of  1\.  B.,  E,,  Cordelia,  Martha 
and  Corinna  Guernsey,  Louis  and  Abigail  I^nper,  Sarah  and  oNIary 
Peirsol,  Lucinda  Martin,  Bennetta  Leach  and  Nancy  Moor. 

PERSONAL   SKETCHES. 

Charlcft  S.  Alden  was  born  in  1S40  in  Xew  York  ;  his  parents 
were  Smith  D.  and  Sarah  E.  (Runnion),  natives  of  Massachusetts; 
thev  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  18-13  and  have  lived  here  ever  since. 
Charles  was  in  the  war  two  years,  in  ^Co.  H,  32d  111.  Tnf  ;  fought 
in  the  camjiaign  from  Chattanoga  to  Atlanta,  and  went  in  the  grand 
march  to  the  sea.  In  1871  he  married  Mary  L.  Barker,  who  was 
born  in  1853  in  this  State.  Their  children  are :  George  S.,  A^'m. 
D.,  Cora  L.  and  a  babe  not  named.  Mrs.  A.  belongs  to  the 
Methodist  Church.  Mr.  A.  owns  80  acres  on  sec.  18, — a  nice  farm. 
P.  ().,  Bushnell. 

Philip  Ai/hirorfli  was  born  April  '20,  ITDT,  in  Providence,  R.  I., 
son  of  Peleg  and  Anna  Aylsworth,  natives  also  of  the  same  State; 
came  with  parents  to  New  York  when  (piite  young;  at  16  years  of 
age  the  familv  removed  to  Pennsylvania,  and  in  1822  to  Morgan 
Co.,  111.,  then  to  this  county.  Mr.  Aylsworth  laid  off  the  town  of 
Beardstown  and  named  it,  and  in  1  .S3."]  he  laid  off  Merodosia  ;  in 
183.5  he  came  up  into  Fulton  county  and  was  the  first  settler  in  Lee 
townshij),  locating  on  an  old  Indian  farm  which  he  named  P(»tato 
Hollow,  lie  entered  ten  (piarter-sections  of  land.  He  now  owns 
120  acres,  on  sec.  11.  Has  always  been  a  farmer.  In  1827  he 
married  Miss  Cloy  Goodwell,  a  native  of  New  York,  and  they  had 
4  children;  she  died  July  l9,  183!),  and  in  1S4.')  he  married  Eliza- 
beth Beers,  born  in  ]S2(),  and  tiiey  had  <S  children  ;  this  wife  died 
in  1859  and  Mr.  A.  married  Cynthia  Aylsworth,  a  native  of  New 
York,  and  she  died  in  1863,  leaving  2  children.  ^Iv.  A.  was  twice 
elected  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  was  for  a  time  Sheriff'  of  jMorgan. 
county.     P.  ().,  Babylon. 

Jo.'tcph  Brouni  was  born  in  1842,  a  son  to  Jonas  and  Margaret 
Brown,  natives  of  Pennsylvania.  Mr.  Jonas  was  in  the  Mexican 
war;  is  now  dead,  but  Mrs.  B.  still  lives.  Joseph  grew  to  manhood 
in  Indiana,  and  in  1865  emigrated  to  Fulton  Co.;  in  1866  he  mar- 
ried Serilda  Zimmerman,  l)orn  in  1848  in  this  county.  They  have 
had  5  children,  4  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  B.  has  been  a  carpen- 
ter^ but  is  now  a  farmer,  on  sec.  5,     P,  O.,  Prairie  City. 


762  HISTORY    OF    FUI/rOX    COUNTY. 

n '//(.  C.  Buckner  was  born  in  Crawford  Co.,  Ind.,  June  2,  1S18, 
the  son  of  Henry  Bucknor.  His  parents  were  natives  of  Ken- 
tuckv.  AVm.  C.  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1833  and  has  lived  here 
ever  since.  He  is  a  farmer  in  T>oo  t]).  In  1837  he  was  married. 
Christian  Church.      Democrat. 

Mindd  J.  Buvke,  daughter  of  Dennis  C.  and  Sarah  E.  (Glass) 
Burke,  was  born  in  Deerfield  tp.  July  8,  '57 ;  was  educated  in  the 
common  schools  at  Cuba;  is  a  successful  young  teacher.  Moralitv, 
order  and  disci))line,  first  occupy  her  time  and  attention  in  the 
school-room.  Elocution  and  reading  she  makes  a  specialty.  Her 
mother  was  taken  strangely  ill  in  ^larch,  '79,  of  what  was  termed 
blood  poison.  The  symptoms  were  those  of  hydrophol)ia,  but  her 
actions  were  different  in  each  spasm.  She  died  April  21,  1871). 
Her  father  is  afflicted  with  lumj)s  over  his  body,  which  the  doctors 
fail  to  name.     P.  O.,  Bushnell. 

Harriet  Cheyney  was  born  in  Dec,  1822,  in  Wayne  Co.,  O.,  the 
daughter  of  Wm.  and  Harriet  (Bailey)  Cunningham;  her  father 
was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1792,  and  her  mother  in  Conneeticut 
in  1791;  they  are  both  deceased.  Mrs.  Cheyney  was  married  in 
Ohio,  in  1841,  to  Thomas  Cheyney,  and  next  year  they  emigrated 
to  this  county,  where  they  have  lived  ever  since,  except  4  years  in 
Peoria.  Mrs.  C.'s  children  are:  Helen,  Cordelia,  Rachel,  ^lary  and 
Effie, — Cordelia  and  Rachel  not  living.  Home  comprises  220 
acres.     P.  O.,  P>usiinell. 

Noah  W.  Dunbar  was  born  in  Hartford,  Ct.,  April  27,  1801 ;  his 
father,  Bennett  Dunbar,  was  born  in  Rhode  Island,  and  died  in 
1807;  his  mother,  Sabiah  (Stutson)  died  in  1859;  the  fiimily  emi- 
grated to  this  tj).  in  1845;  Dec.  12,  1822,  in  Saratoga  Co.,  X.  Y., 
Noah  W.  married  Sarah  Hopps,  a  native  of  Greenfield,  X.  Y., 
born  in  1802;  have  had  8  bovs  and  9  girls,  as  follows:  Sarah  J., 
Oct.  30,  1823;  Louis  R.,  Sept.  2(5,  '24;  John  H.,  April  4,  '2G  ; 
Francis  E.,  July  17,  '27;  Reuben  M.,  Sept.  3,  '28;  Xoah  W.,  Dec. 
22,  '29;  Maria  A.,  A])ril  12,  '31  ;  Helen  A.,  Jan.  14,  '33;  Harriet 
S.,  June  2,  '34;  Eliphalet  R.,  March  5,  '36;  f:iiza  W.  and  Elizur 
N.,  May  10,  '37;  Fernando  C,  Mav  16, '39;  Oscar  F.,Oct.  21, '40; 
Minerva  O.,  Aju-il  11, '42;  Saloma'A.,  Jan.  15,  '44;  Mary  O.,  Nov. 
10,  '45.  The  father  of  German  ancestry  and  the  mother  Irish. 
Occuj)ation,  farming  and  blaeksmithing ;  res.,  sec.  5;  land,  180 
acres;  politics,  Democrat;  1'.  ().,  I'rairie  City.  Was  Sergeant  of 
Militia  in  Hartford,  and  has  l»eeii  Collector  and  Road  Commis- 
sioner. 

Georr/e  Errr/y  was  born  June  28,  1810,  in  Maryland,  son  of 
David  Everly  ;  farmer  9  years;  March  22,  1832,  he  married  Anna 
Mary  Hesson.  About  1835  David  and  his  two  sons  George  and 
David  came  to  Illinois  and  entered  a  large  tract  of  land  in  Deer- 
field  tj).,  where  J)avid,  jr.,  remained,  his  lather  and  l)r6ther  return- 
ing to  Maryland.  In  1838  George  moved  to  Illinois  with  his  wife 
and  4  boys, — Noah  H.,  Jonas  W.,  John  S.  and  George,  settling  on 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  7G3 

sec,  28,  Doerfit'ld  t}).  Here  they  made  a  farm.  They  also  put  up  a 
saw-mill  on  Spoon  river,  on  sec.  20.  In  1858  they  moved  to  sees. 
22  and  23,  Lee  tp.,  and  made  a  new  farm  on  the  ])rairie.  George 
died  June  1,  1873.  Noah  II.  received  his  education  in  the  Wiley 
school-house,  an  old-fashioned  log  hullding. 

/.  W.  Everhi  was  horn  in  Carroll  Co.,  Md.,  Sept.  11,  1834,  the 
son  of  George  and  Anna  Mary  (Hesson)  l)oth  natives  of  Md. :  also 
his  grandfather  and  grandmotlier  were  natives  of  the  same  State. 
His  father  came  to  this  county  when  he  was  only  3  years  old. 
Jonas  got  his  education  in  the  common  schools,  but  has  acquired 
more  in  business  than  he  ever  got  in  school.  He  has  been  all  his 
life  a  farmer  and  has  made  it  a  success.  He  owns  625  acres  of  land, 
and  100  head  of  cattle.  His  improvements  are  good:  has  a  fine 
residence  and  is  able  to  take  the  world  easy,  but  he  is  diligent  in  busi- 
ness and  a  livelv  worker.  In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat;  has  been 
School  Director,  but  does  not  want  office.  He  was  married,  Feb. 
24,  18G7,  to  Anna  C.  Zimmerman,  and  their  marriage  has  been 
blessed  with  4  children, — 3  girls  and  1  boy,  all  of  whom  are  living. 

Noah  11.  Everli/  was  born  in  Maryland  Feb.  3,  1833;  his  father, 
George,  was  born  June  28,  1810,  and  his  mother,  Anna  M.  (lies- 
son),  was  born  in  Maryland  Oct.  19,  1813;  they  emigrated  to  Deer- 
field  township,  this  county,  in  1838,  where  Noah  H.  married  Nancy 
J.  Curtis  March  10,  1870,  who  was  born  April  14,  1851,  at  Virgil, 
111.  Mary  E.,  born  Oct.  21,  1875,  is  their  only  chiUl.  Residence, 
sec.  22 ;  ha«  400  acres  of  land.  In  politics  Mr.  E.  is  a  Democrat. 
P.  O.,  Prairie  City. 

Solon  F.  ludniKiii.  His  father,  R.  H.  Fairman,  was  born  Dec. 
29,  1811,  in  Manlius,  Onondaga,  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  Sei)t.  K),  1833,  he 
married  Celestia  Warren,  and  they  became  the  parents  of  5  children, 
of  whom  4  are  living.  Emigration — 1820  to  Euclid,  O.  ;  thence 
to  Elvria,  I^orain  Co.,  ().,  Maclison  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  Eake 
Co.,  111.,  in  18-1:5,  and  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1865.  Solon  F.  was  born 
in  Erie  Co.,  Pa.,  May  9,  1842;  came  to  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  with  his 
father;  married  Oct.  20,  1874,  Mary  Scott;  had  one  daughter 
Aju-il  26,  1876.  Mr.  F.  is  a  Republiea'n.  Sec.  30,  Eee  tp.  P.  ()., 
Bushnell. 

William  Hendi\i/.r  was  born  in  1.S02,  in  Yates  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  his 
parents,  Benjamin  and  Elizabeth  (Boyd)  Hendryx  were  also  natives 
of  the  Em])ire  State,  and  William  eitiignited  first  to  Ohio,  and  then 
in  1839  to  Lee  tp.,  this  county.  March  4,  1824,  in  Huron  Co.,  O., 
he  married  Lucinda  Day,  wlio  was  born  in  Chittenden  Co.,  Vt., 
in  1807,  and  tliev  have  "had  4  bovs  and  8  girls:  Elizabeth,  born 
July  14,  1825;  Laura,  Feb.  7,  1828;  Nancv,  Julv  29,  18.30;  Ben- 
jamin, May  1,  1832;  Anna  L.,  Aug.  2<S,  1834;  Alzina,  Oct.  16, 
"1839;  Sarah,  Jan.  4,  1837;  Wm.  R.,  June  19,  1845;  Corydon  D., 
Feb.  2,  1841;  Lucinda  M.,  April  7,  1847;  Mary  C,  Aug.  28, 
1849;  David  S.,  Sept.  2,  1855.  Parents  are  of  German  descent 
and  members  of  the  Christian  Church.     Mr.  H.  is  a  farmer,  and  in 


764  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

politics  a  Democrat.     Resides  on  sec.  4,  where  he  has  120  acres  of 
land.     P.  O.,  Prairio  City. 

Edirnrd  Hexirorfh  ;  P.  ().,  Bal)vlon  ;  wa?^  born  in  Franklin  Co., 
O.,  Nov.  4,  1848,  son  of  Israel  and  Sarah  (Markley)  H.,  the  former 
residing  now  in  Knox  county,  the  latter  deceased.  They  emitrrated 
to  Vermilion  Co.,  111.,  in  1852,  and  to  Knox  Co.  in  1854.  Edward 
served  in  Co.  H,  2d  Iowa  Vol.  Inf.,  enlisting;  at  the  early  age  of 
16,  and  was  in  the  siege  of  Atlanta  and  the  battles  of  Resaca,  Dal- 
las, Kenesaw  Mountain,  the  siege  of  Savannah,  etc.,  being  in  Sher- 
man's great  march.  He  located  in  Babylon,  this  township,  in  1877, 
where  he  put  up  a  store-building  and  has  since  carried  on  general 
merciiandising  with  success.     He  is  at  jiresent  acting  Postmaster. 

Hugh  L.  Hulick,  farmer,  sec.  9 ;  P.  ().,  Prairie  City  ;  was  born 
in  Fulton  Co.  in  1831,  a  son  of  Isaac  and  Ruth  A. ;  his  father  was 
a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and  his  mother  of  Ohio,  near  Cinninnati, 
77  years  ago;  they  emigrated  to  this  county  about  1827,  and  Mr. 
H.  died  in  1852  or  '53.  Hugh  L.  married  in  1865  Marv  Jane 
Louk,  born  in  1845  in  this  county.  Their  6  children  are:  Albert 
E.,  George,  Charles,  Roy,  Mary  and  Lawrence.  Mr.  H.  com- 
menced with  nothing,  but  by  his  own  industry  he  has  made  for 
himself  and  family  a  good  home  on  140  acres  of  land. 

B.  F.  Lou/:  was  born  in  1850  in  this  county,  son  of  J.  and  Anna 
Louk  ;  his  father  was  a  native  of  New  York  and  his  mother  of  Ohio  ; 
he  married  Elmira  Clark  in  1870,  who  was  born  in  McDonough 
county,  111.,  in  1854,  and  they  have  had  2  children, — Parepa  A.  and 
Julia  L.  Mr,  L.  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  9  and  stook-shipper ;  has  120 
acres  of  land.  Has  accumulated  all  his  ])roperty  by  his  own  honest 
labor.  He  and  his  wife  are  both  members  of  the  Methodist  Church. 
P.  O.,  Prairie  City. 

Jeff  ISO  a  Loiil:  was  boni  in  Genesee  county,  X.  Y.,  June  6,  1822; 
his  parents,  David  and  Clara  Scott,  were  also  natives  of  the  Empire 
State;  the  former  died  in  1845  and  the  latter  in  18()9;  their  emigra- 
tion to  Lee  township  was  in  1847.  Jetferson  married  Anna  Piersol, 
Feb.  1,  1844,  who  was  born  in  Holmes  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  3,  1824,  and 
thev  have  6  children,  naniclv,  Sarah  J.,  born  Xov.  25,  1844  ;  David 
L.,"julv  15,  1847;  Benjamin  F.,  Feb.  6,  1850;  John  P.,  Feb.  11, 
1854  ;  Charles  F.,  June'  28,  1856  ;  Julia  E.,  Xov.  1, 1860.  Farmer, 
sec.  16;  400  acres;  P.  O.,  Prairie  City;  Republican;  Methodist. 

Eh<i  Majorx  was  born  in  18-2(!  in  ?]dmonson  countv,  Kv.,  son  of 
Thomas  and  PoUv  Major.-.  His  lather  was  born  in  \"irtrinia  and 
his  mother  in  Kentucky.  He  first  came  to  Illinois  in  1854,  near 
Swan  creek,  then  to  Greenbush,  and  then  (1875)  to  this  county.  In 
1859  he  nuirried  Elizabeth  Patterson,  who  was  born  in  1838.  They 
have  had  11  children.  Mr.  M.  resides  \l  miles  southeast  of  Babv- 
lon.     Democrat. 

Chnrlex  O.  Xidrrson  was  born  Feb.  4,  1816,  in  Green  county,  X. 
Y.  His  father,  Ezra  \..  was  born  June  16,  1776,  and  died  Dec. 
27,  1859  ;  his  mother,  ncc  Anna  Dodge,  was  born  July  5,  1778,  and 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  765 

died  Jan.  10,  1850.  The  subject  of  our  sketch  came  to  Fulton 
countv  Aug.  7,  1837  ;  he  married  his  first  wife,  ISlary  Ann  Scofiekl, 
in  Virgil,  111.,  April  29,  1843,  who  was  born  in  New  York  Sept.  14, 
1823,  and  died  Feb.  26,  1867;  his  second  wife,  Augusta  Doolittle, 
was  born  in  Broome  county,  N.  Y.,  July  30,  1843,  and  married 
Nov.  4,  1868.  Mr.  N.  has  had  6  children,  as  follows :  Solomon  R., 
Aug.  8,  1844;  David  H.,  May  2,  1846;  Martha,  June  5,  1848; 
Sarah  A.,  Aug.  31,  1851;  Harriet  L.,  Jan.  8,  1854;  Myron  E., 
Feb.  21,  1856.  Mr.  N.  is  a  carpenter  and  farmer,  owning  280  acres 
of  land,  and  residing  on  sec.  4 ;  in  politics  he  is  a  Republican.  P. 
O.,  Prairie  City. 

We.slcy  OKborn.  In  1836  Richard  Osborn  emigrated  from  Indiana 
to  Cass  tp.,  this  county,  rented  land  for  two  seasons,  and  then  set- 
tled on  sec.  32,  Lee  township.  Wesley  Osborn  resides  on  the  same 
section,  and  as  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser  has  been  very  successful. 
March  11,  1852  he  married  Miss  R.  A.  Johnson,  and  they  are  the 
parents  of  7  children.  Mr.  ().  has  been  Assessor,  School  Trustee, 
and  is  now  serving  his  second  term  as  Su})ervisor.     Democrat. 

Stephen  Payne  was  born  in  1816  in  Washington  Co.,  O.,  son  of 
Abraham  and  Philomela  Payne,  natives  of  Connecticut,  who  died 
aged  100  years;  in  1850  Stephen  emigrated  to  Iowa;  in  1858  he 
came  to  this  countv  ;  served  nearly  4  years,  in  the  war, — first  in  Co. 
D,  70th  111.  Inf.,  then  in  Co.  I,  i6th  111.  Cav.,  then  transferred  to 
Co.  E,  V.  R.  C,  and  discharged  at  St.  Paul,  Minn.,  Sept.  5,  1865. 
Mr.  Pavne  first  married  l^hcebe  Rickey,  who  Avas  born  in  1812, 
in  Belmont  Co.,  ().  ;  she  died  in  1<S4.').  In  1845  Mr.  P.  married 
Catharine  Dunn  in  Madison  Co.,  ().,  who  was  a  native  of  Hanij)shire 
Co.,  Va.,  and  who  died  in  1865.  Mr.  Payne  has  had  11  children, 
6  of  whom  are  living.  He  has  been  a  merchant,  but  is  now  a  farmer 
on  sec.  5,  Lee  tp.  Is  Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  in  politics  a  Demo- 
crat.    P.  O.,  Prairie  City. 

Joel  I'J.  Peirsol  was  born  in  Lee  tp.  in  1843;  his  father,  Joel,  was 
born  in  Berks  Co.,  Penn.,  and  his  mother's  maiden  name  was  Cath- 
arine Emry ;  emigrated  to  Lee  tp.  in  1837  ;  in  Prairie  City,  in  1870, 
Joel  E.  married  Ella  L.  Clark,  who  was  born  in  Prairie  City  in 
1853.  Harry  A.,  born  in  1871,  and  John  L.,  born  in  1874,  are  their 
children.  Home  160  acres,  sec.  21  ;  P.  O.,  Prairie  City  ;  religion, 
Mrs.  P.  is  a  Baptist :  politics,  Mr.  P.  is  a  Democrat,  and  has  been 
Township  Collector  and  School  Director.  Father  died  in  1876  and 
mother  in  1852. 

Hdi-rixon  Ri(/(lon,  the  oldest  settler  in  Lee  tp.,  was  born  Dec.  12, 
1812,  in  AUegiiany  Co.,  Pa. ;  went  to  Ohio  with  his  father's  family 
in  1822;  came  to  Canton,  Fulton  Co.,  in  1832,  lived  tliere  two 
years,  then  came  to  this  tji.  in  1S;54,  where  he  has  since  resided.  His 
parents  were  Stei)hen  and  Jane  Rigdon,  the  former  a  native  of  Ikirks 
Co.,  Md.,  the  latter  of  York  Co.,  Pa. ;  both  dead.  Mr.  Rigdon  came  to 
this  county  on  horseback,  or,  as  he  says,  walked  most  of  the  way 
with  most  of  his  clothes,  etc.,  tied  on  the  horse's  back.     He  came  to 


766  HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON   COUNTY. 

Lee  tp.  in  May,  '34  ;  lived  alone  until  his  father  came  Mith  his  family 
from  Canton  in  OctolxT  following ;  durino- this  time  he  did  not  see 
a  white  person.  His  father  was  in  the  war  of  1812,  Mr. 
Rigdon  has  held  the  ottices  of  Town  Clerk,  Constable,  Collector, 
and  diiferent  school  offices  in  the  township,  and  was  County  Surveyor 
one  term.  Was  married  Jan.  12,  1837,  in  Deerfield  tp.,  to  Prudence 
Peirsol,  who  was  horn  in  Beaver,  Pa.,  May  25,  1817.  She  died 
Sept.  17,  1877;  was  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  By  her  he 
had  4  children.  Hiram,  his  eldest  son,  died  Aug.  31,  1848.  His 
son  Peter  and  two  daughters  are  still  living;  has  missed  but  one 
election  in  the  45  years  he  has  lived  in  township.  The  first  sermon 
preached  in  the  township  was  in  his  father's  house  bv  his  uncle.  Is 
a  very  active  old  man  of  67  years  and  still  follows  farmino:.  All  the 
pioneers  who  came  to  this  county  with  him  have  passed  away.  Has 
been  a  Democrat  since  1850.  P.  O.,  Babylon.  Other  interesting 
facts  related  by  this  gentleman  are  given  in  this  volume. 

Jdhn  I\oir/(utd  was  born  in  Cumberland  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1828,  son 
of  Wade  and  Winifred  Rowland,  natives  of  Henry  Co.,  Va.  In 
1851  he  married  Sarah  L.  Young,  who  was  born  in  1832  in  Tennes- 
see ;  emigrated  to  Mason  Co.,  111.,  in  1857;  afterward  moved  to 
McDonough  Co.,  where  in  1860  jNIrs.  R.  died.  In  18(jl  he  enlisted 
in  Co.  I,  11th  111.,  Cav.,  and  served  from  Oct.,  1861,  to  Oct.,  1865, 
having  fought  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh,  Corinth,  in  raids  with  Sher- 
man, etc.  He  then  settled  in  Lee  tp.,  where  he  is  a  prosperous 
fiirmer,  owning  100  acres  of  land  on  sec.  11.  Feb.  27,  1862,  he 
married  Anna  M.  Aylsworth,  who  was  born  in  N.  Y.  in  1837.  Bv 
his  first  wife  he  had  4  children  and  by  his  second  3 ;  all  arc  liv- 
ing. Mr.  R.  is  a  Republican,  and  has  been  Road  Commissioner. 
Mrs.  R.  is  a  Methodist.     P.  O.,  liabylon. 

Albert  J).  Scitddcr  was  born  in  Fulton  Co.,  Jan.  14,  1856,  son  of 
Dr.  J.  T.  and  Sarah  A.  Scudder,  the  former  a  native  of  Pennsyl- 
vania and  the  latter  of  New  York.  Dr.  Scudder  practiced  medi- 
cine 15  years,  and  died  in  1867  in  this  townshij).  At  the  age  of  20 
ivlr.  Albert  D.  Scutlder  married  Mai'tha  A.  Powell,  who  was  born 
in  1858,  in  >.'icholas  Co.,  Ky.  They  lived  in  Warren  Co.,  111.,  two 
years,  and  in  1867  came  to  Fulton  Vo.  They  have  three  children, 
— Flora  M.,  John  M.  and  Edith.  Mr.  S.  is  a  farmer,  and  in  poli- 
tics a  Democrat.     Residence,  sec.  16.      P.  O.,  Prairie  Citv. 

John  Sh('IUiil)(ir(/cr  was  born  in  1828,  in  Fayette  Co.,  Penn.,  son 
of  George  and  Polly  S.,  of  the  same  State.  When  16  years  of  age 
he  came  to  Fulton  county  with  his  parents;  then  went  to  Warren 
Co.  and  lived  two  years;  then  in  ]\Iarshall  Co.  six  vears  ;  then  in 
Tazewell  Co.  one  year;  then  Mcnt  to  Kansas,  but  finally  located  in 
this  county  last  March.  John  has  folhnved  railroadino;.  He  was 
married  to  Miss  Eliza  J.  Wilson  in  1853,  who  was  born  in  1832  in 
Grayson  Co.,  Ky.  Eleven  children  were  born  to  them,  3  of  whom 
are  dead.  Mr.  S.  is  farming ;  has  S-")  acres  of  corn  and  85  acres  of 
rye.     Democrat.     Lee  tp.,  sec.  16;  P.  O.,  Prairie  City. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  7G7 

Joseph  Spanghr  was  born  in  Franklin  Co.,  O.,  March  6,  1835. 
the  son  of  Joseph  and  Mary  Spanulcr,  natives  of  Ohio.  Joseph 
came  to  Fulton  C'o.  in  Oct.,  1841).  He  is  a  farmer,  and  at  ])resent  is 
the  owner  of  400  acres  of  land  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.  He  buys  stock, 
fattens  it,  and  then  sells.  He  was  once  a  poor  boy  and  worked  by 
the  month  for  6  years.  He  is  a  Republican.  He  was  married  in 
18(33  to  Hannah  Odell,  and  they  have  one  boy  and  one  girl,   living. 

W.  E.  Sfreeter  was  born  in  1841,  in  St.  T/awrence  Co.,  N.  Y., 
son  of  Erasmus  and  IMucbe  Streeter,  the  father,  born  in  Vermont 
in  1808,  and  the  mother  in  New  York  in  1809;  both  these  are  liv- 
ing, and  came  to  Illinois  in  1863,  locating  at  Avon.  In  1864  Mr. 
W.  E.  Streeter  married  Martha  E.  Edmonson,  who  was  born  in 
Tennessee  in  1839.  Their  children  are  Lillian,  May  and  Grace. 
The  family  have  by  honest  industry  worked  their  way  up  from  noth- 
ing in  1863  to  a  nice  home  of  160  acres,  on  sec.  33.  Mr.  S.  follow- 
ed peddling  in  1864-5,  and  was  Constable  one  term.  P.  O.,  Bush- 
nell. 

Win'.  1  a?i//c»",  sec.  2;  was  born  April  1,  1830,  in  New  Jersey, 
and  is  the  son  of  Cornelius  A'^anliew,  who  was  born  in  New  Jersey, 
where  he  pursued  the  occupation  of  farming,  and  where  he  died 
about  the  year  1859.  Our  subject  came  to  this  county  in  1855  and 
settled  in  Fairview  tp.  In  1871  he  moved  to  Lee  tp.,  where  he  re- 
sides, a  well-to-do  farmer  and  stock-raiser.  He  was  married  Feb. 
18,  1858,  to  Elizabeth  Young,  of  Joshua  tp.  They  have  4  chil- 
dren, viz:  John  Y.,  Anna,  Ida  C.  and  Mary  Ella. 

Jo.'fJnia  ]V<i(/))er  was  born  in  183(),  in  Northampton  county.  Pa., 
son  of  John  and  Susan  \\'agner,  also  natives  of  Pennsylvania.  In 
1850  the  family  emigrated  to  Marshall  county,  111.,  then  to  Ellis- 
ville,  this  county.  Joshua  was  in  Colorado  7  years,  where  he  fol- 
lowed gold-mining;  clerked  in  Prairie  City  two  years ;  and  since 
then  has  been  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser:  is  on  sec.  17,  Lee  tp.  Mr. 
AV.  crossed  the  })lains  in  1859  with  an  ox  team  and  has  traveled  a 
great  deal  and  suffered  many  hardships.      P.  ().,  Prairie  City. 

A.  A.  Wheeler  was  born  in  Crawford  county.  Pa.,  in  1842,  son  of 
Oliver  C.  and  Margaret  M.  Wheeler,  the  former  a  native  of  North- 
ampton, Mass.,  and  the  latter  of  Crawford  county.  Pa.  At  the  age 
of  13  the  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  Fulton  county  and  has  lived 
here  ever  since;  in  1863  he  married  Sarah  J.  Louck,  who  was  born 
in  this  county  in  1844;  they  have  had  5  chihlren,  4  of  whom  are 
living.  Mr.  W.  has  been  Townshi])  Collectoi-and  Clerk;  was  again 
appointed  Clerk  last  spring  (1879j.  He  is  a  Baptist  and  a  Demo- 
crat.    Has  80  acres  of  land  on  sec.  16.     P.  ().,  Prairie  City. 


768 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


TOWNSHIP   OFFICIALS. 


The  following  is  a  full  and  complete  list  of  the  Supervisors, 
Clerks,  Assessors  and  Collectors  serving  in  this  township  since  its 
organization : 


SUPERVISORS. 


Joel  Peirsol 1850-51 

Montgomery  Sweeney 1852-53 

A.  W.Russell " 1854 

J.  H.Taylor 1855 

Joel  Feir.sol 1857 

J.  H.  Taylor 1858 

A.  K.  Sweenev lS59-(]2 

John  Cline...." 186.3-64 

Wesley  Oslwrne 1865 

John  Cline 1866 


F.  M.  Williams 1867 

Noah  H.  Everly 1869 

Oliver  Chatterton  1870-71 

Noah  II.  Everly 1872 

J.  H.  Taylor..." 187:] 

J.  W.   Frederick 1874 

Samuel  Taylor 1876 

Solomon  Neff 1877 

Samuel  Taylor 1878 

Wesley  Osborne 1879 


/O 


TOWN   CLERKS. 


H.  Rigdon 1859-69 

Samuel  Tavlor 1870-71 

H.  Rigdon' 1872 

W.  A.Guernsey 1873-76 


A.  A.  Wheeler 1877 

Willard  A.Guernsey 1878 

R.  I.   Baughman 1879 


.\SSESS0RS. 


Joel  Peirsol 1859-60 

N.  W.  Dunbar 1861 

Joel  Peirsol  ISdi; 

Newton  Hev lS()7-(i9 

W.  F.  Fainnan 1870 

Newton  Hey 1871 


H.  R.  Fairman 1872-73 

Joel  Peirsol 1874-75 

AV.  H.  Bell 1876 

AVeslev  Osborne 1877 

W.H.Bell 1878 

M.  K.  Sweeney 1879 


COLLECTORS. 


John  Cline 1859-61 

Newton  Hev 1863 

Peter  P.  Rigdon 1864 

F.  M.  Willianre 186.5-66 

John  <T.  Kreider 1867 

Joel  E.  Peirsol 1S69 

W.  J.  Beer 1870-71 


David  Louk 1872-73 

A.  A.Wheeler 1874 

Wm.  M.  Bernhard 1875-76 

Ira  Molt 1877 

I.  N.  Williams 1878 

L.  Olin 1879 


LEWISTOWN  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  is  bounded  upon  the  north  by  Putman  township, 
upon  the  east  by  Liverpool,  the  south  by  Waterford,  and  upon  the 
west  by  Bcrnadotte.  Formerly  most  of  its  surface  was  covered 
with  timber,  but  muc^h  of  tliis  has  been  cleared  away  and  the  land  is  in  a 
high  state  of  cultivation.  There  are  in  the  townshij)  13,471  acres 
of  improved  land,  with  an  average  value  of  $24  per  acre.  Of  un- 
improved land  there  are  8,796  acres,  with  an  average  value  of  $9.40 
per  acre.  There  arc' in  the  township  851  horses,  with  an  average 
value  of  S7'2  per  head.  Of  cattle  tiicre  are  1,857,  having  a  total 
value  of  $22,138.  Indeed,  as  an  agricultural  township,  Lewistown 
ranks  among  the  first  in  this  fine  agricultural  county. 

Many  were  the  dark  forebodings  that  crept  into  the  minds  of  ev^en 
the  sturdy  pioneers  as  they  contemplated  their  situation  in  this  vast 
wilderness,  especially  so  when  they  thought  of  the  coming  of  win- 
ter. They  could  live  very  comfortably  in  their  rude  cabins  during 
the  warm  seasons,  but  when  the  heavy  snows  and  chilling  winds 
swept  down  upon  them  with  all  the  fury  of  an  artic  winter,  their 
situation  was  anything  but  jileasant.  Then  their  food  was  limited. 
If  they  were  so  fortunate  as  to  have  a  fair  crop  of  corn  upon  the  lit- 
tle patch  they  had  cleared  away,  it  was  almost  an  impossibility  to 
have  it  converted  into  meal.  As  illustrating  this  feeling  we  relate 
the  following  story  about  Matthew  Hulick.  He  was  greatly 
troubled  with  the  "shakes,"  or,  in  other  words,  the  fever  and  ague. 
Toward  the  fall  of  the  memorable  vear  remarkable  for  the  abutulance 
of  rain-fall,  he  had  an  unusually  severe  attack  of  this  Western 
scourge.  He  was  comjielled  to  take  to  his  bed,  where  the  greater 
part  of  the  day  was  sj)eut  in  energetic  shaking, — indeed,  such  shak- 
ing as  would  put  to  blush  our  modern  fever  and  ague.  One  day 
when  in  the  midst  of  his  contortions  an  old  friend  and  neighbor 
dropi)ed  in  and  solemnly  remarked,  by  way  of  consolation,  "Never 
mind.  Mat;  if  worst  comes  to  worst  and  you  die  now  you  won't 
starve  to  death  next  winter."  Cleanthes  Arnett,  of  Liverjxxil  town- 
ship, stopped  for  dinner  one  day  when  15  miles  from  home,  and 
found  the  people  had  nothing  to  eat  but  squash  and  j)otatoes.  They 
pointed  to  a  sack  of  corn  in  the  corner  of  the  house  which  had  been 
carried  on  foot  a  total  of  40  miles  to  be  ground,  all  in  vain. 

A  Snake  Stonf. —  While  huntinir  one  day,  Sam'l  Wavne  came  sud- 
denly  upon  a  large  collection  of  snakes  of  difierent  species,  inter- 
twined thoroughly  together,  struggling  and  squirming  in  a  knotty 


770  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

C'lnbraco.  A^'itll  his  rifle  he  shot  into  the  disgusting  mass,  soon  after 
which  the  living  ones  eh'ared  away  and  Ti  were  found  perforated 
with  the  h'a(U'n  niesseng-cr. 

An  interesting  anecdote  was  related  by  Mr.  Lewis  Ross — an  early 
pioneer  boy  of  Fulton — at  the  Old  Settlers'  Reunion  in  1<S71),  which 
attracted  a  great  deal  of  attention,  and  which  in  the  end  proved  to 
be  very  laughable.  It  seems  that  Mr.  Ross  in  com])anv  with  some 
other  pioneers,  including  Mr.  Putman,  were  going  to  mill  in  a  Hat- 
boat  on  Spoon  river  in  an  early  day  (date  not  given),  and  on  the 
way  they  encountered  a  stumj),  or  "snag  "in  the  river,  which  caused 
the  boat  to  spring  a  leak  ;  the  greatest  possible  haste  was  necessary 
to  save  the  grain  ijcfore  the  boat  should  sink.  Xow,  all  these  sturdy 
pioneers,  except  Putman,  could  swim.  ]\Ir.  Ross  related,  therefore, 
that  they  ])ut  Mr.  Putman  on  the  "  snag,"  and  the  rest  of  them  swam 
to  the  shore,  and  in  the  meantime  the  boat  sank.  Now,  according  to 
Mr.  Ross'  story,  about  50  years  have  elapsed,  and  for  aught  we  know 
Mr.  Putman  is  still  on  that  "snag"  in  the  middle  of  Spoon  river. 
Later. — We  have  recently  heard  from  Mr.  Putman,  and  he  says 
that  if  he  lives  until  the  next  Old  Settlers'  Reunion,  he  will  tell  the 
people  how  he  got  off  that  "  snag." 

The  history  of  the  city  is  only  that  of  the  township,  and  as  we 
giv^e  that  below  we  will  not  consume  space  by  repeating  it  here. 

LEWISTOWN. 

This  beautiful  little  city  is  the  oldest  town  in  the  county,  and  one 
of  the  first  that  was  laid  off  in  the  Military  Tract, — the  first,  per- 
haps, with  the  exception  of  one.  It  was  laid  off  in  April,  1822,  by 
Ossian  M.  Ross,  and  derives  its  name  from  the  Hon.  Lewis  W. 
Ross,  his  son,  and  wlio  at  that  time  was  a  small  boy.  Ossian  ]\L 
Ross  was  a  native  of  the  State  of  Xew  York,  and  followed  agricult- 
ural ])ursuits  in  the  Kmpire  State.  He  married  Miss  ]Mary 
Winans  July  7,  1811,  in  Waterloo,  N.  Y.  She  was  born  April  1, 
1793,  in  Morris  county,  N.  J.,  and  died  only  a  few  years  ago.  She 
w^as  a  noble  woman  and  possessed  a  fund  of  information  of  die  early 
history  of  this  county,  mo^t  of  which,  however,  was  buried  with 
the  good  old  lady.  \)v  give  hci"  ])ortrait  in  this  work  as  a  repre- 
sentative pioneer  woman.  We  know  our  readers  will  be  glad  to  see 
it  ;  and  we  would  give  also  that  of  Mr.  Ross,  but  he  never  had  a 
picture  taken.  After  the  war  of  1812,  in  which  ^Fr.  Ross  partici- 
pated, he  came  into  possession  of  three-fourths  of  a  section  of  land 
in  the  Military  Tract.  A  ])ortion  of  this  land  is  now  occupied  by 
the  city  of  Jv(;wisto\\  u.  He  came  hci-e  with  his  family  in  1821  and 
erected  a  cabin  upon  the  site  now  occupied  by  Major  Xcwton 
Walker's  residence.  When  it  is  remembered  that  at  that  time 
Chicatro  was  situated  so  far  in  the  wilderness  that  the  news  of  the 
massacre,  which  occurred  at  Ft.  Dearborn  only  a  few  years  before, 
did  not  reach  the  iidiabitants  of  the  State  for  many  days  after  its 
occurrence,  and   that  St.  Louis  was  only  the  resort  of  trappers  and 


(DECEASED) 

WIFE   ^"^    O.M.ROSS 


^^th^jy 


s. 


lIISTOnV    or    FULTON    COUXTY.  773 

huntors,  ?nmo  idea  may  he  had  of  tluMlarino;,  energetic  and  resolntc 
character  of  this  man. 

Mr.  Stephen  Dewey  surveyed  the  town.  He  was  tlien  a  youno;, 
umuarriiMl  ninn,  hut  he  soon  accepted  tiie  advice  of  Mr.  Ross  and 
was  married.  Xot  louix  after  this  event  of  his  life  lie  locate<l  at 
Lewi.stown  and  erected  the  tirst  house  in  the  old  town.  Fidton 
conntv  bein<>-  or<>aiiizcd  in  1823,  a  commission  consisting  of  H.  K. 
Colter,  Ste])hen  C'hase  -Ami  John  Totten  was  appointed  by  the  Leg- 
islature to  select  a  location  for  the  county-i^eat.  Upon  the  14th  of 
Fehruarv  of  that  yeir  these  gentlemen  decided  in  favor  of  I^ewis- 
towu,  since  which  time  the  public  buildings  have  rcMnained  here, 
although  desperate  eiforts  have  been  made  to  remove  them  to  other 
parts  of  the  county.  The  very  earliest  history  of  the  city  is  so 
closely  identified  with  that  of  the  county  as  recorded  in  the  third 
chapter  of  this  work,  we  refrain  from  repeating  much  of  what  j)rop- 
erly  is  im])ortant  historical  matter  relative  to  this  city. 

It  will  naturally  be  expected  that  in  our  historical  sketch  of  Lew- 
istown  we  will  give  more  than  a  passing  notice  of  those  early  and 
prominent  citizens  whose  fortunes  were  cast  with  the  early  history 
of  the  place.  For  a  period  of  eight  years,  from  1S21  to  1820, 
Ossian  M.  Ross  took  a  conspicnous  ])art  in  jiromoting  the  enter-, 
prises  of  the  infant  village,  so  far  separated  iVoiu  civilization.  He 
was  a  man  of  great  force  of  character,  aud  the  utuiost  coutidence 
was  reposed  in  him  by  the  few  inhabitants  of  the  place,  lie  moved 
to  Havana,  Mason  county,  in  1829,  became  its  tirst  merchant,  and 
there  passed  the  remainder  of  his  days.  Stej)hen  Dewey,  the  sur- 
veyor and  first  settler  of  the  town;  is  described  as  a  social  and  intel- 
ligent gentleman,  and  occupied  various  offices  of  trust  and  responsi- 
bilitv.  He  erected  several  of  the  first  buildings  of  the  town. 
David  W.  Barnes  located  here  when  he  first  came  to  the  county, 
which   was  in   1822,  but  he  .soon  removed  to  his  farui  near  (^anton. 

Hugh  R.  Colter,  the  first  Circuit  and  County  dcrk,  and  the  first 
Probate  Judge,  was  an  Irishman,  well  educated,  indeed  a  fine 
scholar  and  a  man  of  great  genius.  H(>  taught  the  first  school  ever 
held  in  the  county  in  this  town.  jNlr.  Colter  had  the  misfortune  to 
lo.se  one  of  his  lower  limbs,  and  as  a  substitute  wore  a  wooden  lc<r. 
He  generallv  wore  a  boot  upon  this  artificial  limb.  He  married 
Miss  Maria  Ross,  a  sister  of  ().  M.  Ross,  who  died  very  soon  after 
her  marriage.  Mr.  Colter  went  to  the  lead  mines  at  (ialena 
about  1826,  and  for  manv  vears  .served  as  Recorder  of  White  Co., 
Wis.     He  died  at  T/incastcV,  Wis.,  in  187(5. 

Thomas  Lcc  Ross  was  another  pioneer  here.  He  was  the  young- 
est brother  of  O.  M.  Ross,  and  the  first  County  Treasurer.  He  too 
went  to  Galena  and  lives  at  present  near  that  place  in  Wisconsin. 

Stephen  Phcljis,  of  New  York,  came  from  the  Sangamo  coun- 
try, as  Sangamon  county  was  then  known,  and  settled  at  Lewistown. 
He  is  described  by  Col.  Ross  as  a  man  of  unusual  business  tact  and 
ability.     He   rented   a  portion   of  a   building  which  stood    in   the 


774  III8TOKY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

southern  i)art  of  the  town,  and  opened  a  small  stock  of  goods  which 
he  liad  purchased  at  St.  Louis.  The  Indians  were  then 'numerous, 
and  in  tradinti'  with  them  lie  secured  cdnsiderahle  means.  He  soon 
was  able  to  erect  a  store-huihlinjii:  of  his  own,  which  lie  did  just 
north  of  the  brick  bu;^iness  buihliug  owned  and  occupied  by  Ileurv 
Phelps.  Here  he  engaged  in  an  extensive  business.  The  style  of 
the  firm  name  was  8te})hen  Phelj)s  &  Son.  He  died  about  1840, 
after  a  life  of  unusual  activity.  After  his  demise  the  firm  was 
changed  to  iSIyron  Pheljis  c\:  Son.  Myron  was  an  older  son  of  Ste- 
j)hen,  and  about  1841  admitted  to  partnership  his  son,  HenrA'  Phelps, 
the  present  head  of  the  Hi-ni.  Mr.  Myron  Phelps  died  some  two 
years  ago.  His  religious  convictions  were  strong,  and  toward  the 
Church  and  business  enterprises  he  was  unusually  liberal.  During 
his  life  he  laid  by  a  certain  portion  of  his  income  toward  the  inter- 
ests of  religion. 

William  Proctor  was  also  a  noted  character  in  early  times.  /He 
settled  here  as  early  as  1825  or  1826.  He  started  the  first  tannery 
in  the  county  during  the  first  years  of  his  settlement  here.  It  was 
his  custom  to  trade  leather  for  green  hides  with  the  pioneers  in  this 
and  adjoining  counties.  For  the  collection  of  hides  he  was  com- 
pelled to  travel  from  Sangamon  Co.  to  what  is  now  Bloomington  ; 
thence  to  Fort  Clark  (now  Peoria),  Flint  Hills  (now  Burlington), 
Lewistown,  Havana  and  home.  The  first  time  he  visited  Canton 
was  while  making  one  of  these  trijjs,  in  the  year  1824,  from  Fort 
Clark.  Night  coming  on,  and  the  ])rairic  having  been  recently 
burned  over,  thus  obliterating  the  track,  he  had  to  let  his  horses 
take  their  own  course.  They  brought  up  at  the  cabin  of  Major 
Barnes,  north  of  the  present  site  of  Canton.  Mr.  Henry  Andrews, 
who  was  then  a  member  of  Major  Barnes'  family,  remembers  the 
incident.  Me  also  started  the  tirst  boot  and  shoe  establishment. 
He  met  with  abundant  success  in  his  new  enterprise.  Later  in  life 
he  becanu',a  farmer  and  money-lender.      He  died  .Ian.  24,  187!». 

Dr.  Newton  settled  in  Lewistown  in  a  very  early  day,  but  re- 
mained only  a  short  time.  His  successor  was  Dr.  E.  D.  Rice,  who 
came  from  Massachusetts.  He  was  a  voung;  man  when  he  came 
here,  and  was  possessed  of  integrity,  honesty  and  ability.  These 
noble  rpialities  soon  gained  fi)r  him  a  good  jiractice  in  his  profession. 
He  assisted  very  materially  toward  the  building  and  progress  of  the 
town,  and  became  County  Judge,  or  Judge  of  Probate  and  County 
Recorder.      He  died  in  1S78. 

In  1847  Gen.  L.  F.  Ross,  now  of  Avon,  antl  of  whom  we  speak 
in  connection  with  the  history  of  I^nion  township,  was  elected  Pro- 
bate Judge,  succeeding  Stephen  H.  Pitkins,  also  a  prominent  early 
resident  of  the  ])lace.  Mr.  Ri>ss  became  ])re-emin(Mitly  identified 
with  tlie  business  interests  of  Lewistown.  He  distinguished  him- 
self as  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion  and  in  the  Mexican  war. 

Truman  Phel|)s  was  the  proprietor  of  the  first  hotel  in  the  place. 
It  was  a  two-story  frame  building  Avith  a  porch,  and  stood  upon  the 
site  now  occupied  by  the  residence  of  T,  F.  Stafford. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  775 

Another  <2;ontloman  of  ])r()niiiionce  was  H.  B.  Evnii^,  who  was  a 
native  of  ^"i^^■inia.  IIo  came  to  Lewistown  in  182H  or  1<S29.  For 
several  years  he  was  (.'ounty  (Merk,  and,  in  e(jnneetion  with  Xathan 
Beadles,  entered  actively  into  bnsiness.  About  1856  he  erected  the 
large  brick  store  building  now  occupied  by  Edwin  Harris.  Nathan 
Beadles  came  to  the  county  in  18'2i>,  and  in  18;33  came  to  I^ewis- 
town  and  engaged  at  his  trade,  whi<'h  was  that  of  a  tailor,  and  was 
probably  the  first  tailor  in  the  town.  In  time  he  became  an  exten- 
sive dealer  in  live  stock,  and  then  began  merchandising.  He  ac- 
cumulated wealth  (juite  ra])idly,  and  has  done  much  to  beautify  the 
city  and  to  advance  its  interests.  In  1870  he,  Avith  others,  erected 
Beadles'  Block,  in  wiiich  is  one  of  the  finest  public  halls  to  be 
found  in  any  of  the  snuiller  cities  of  the  State. 

In  1834  came  Martin  Eichelberger,  who  is  now  a  prominent  mer- 
chant of  Lewistown.  He  was  born  in  l*ennsylvania,  and  came  to 
Lewistown  without  other  capital  than  character,  integrity  and  hon- 
esty. Shortly  after  his  arrival  he  opened  a  small  shop  for  the  manu- 
facture of  saddles,  harness,  etc.  He  transacted  a  fair  business  for 
a  number  of  vears  and  began  merchandising  with  John  Proctor 
about  1850.  For  a  numlier  of  years  he  officiated  as  Postmaster  and 
Mayor, 

Major  Newton  Walker  came  in  1835.  About  his  first  business 
after  his  arrival  was  to  superintend  the  construction  of  the  present 
court-house.  He  was  a  young  man  of  great  energy  and  took  con- 
siderable interest  in  his  work,  and  at  its  completion  the  new  court- 
house was  among  the  best,  if  not  the  very  best  public  building  in 
the  State.  Tlie  plans  and  specifications  were  all  drawn  by  Major 
Walker.  During  the  time  of  its  erection  he  built  a  large  sleigh 
within  the  buihling,  and  ujion  completion  the  sleigh  was  found  to  be 
too  large  to  be  taken  out  of  any  opening  in  the  structure.  At 
this,  great  merriment  was  excited  and  sundry  measures  were  resorted 
to  for  its  removal,  but  it  was  too  big  to  be  gotten  out  whole.  The 
county  officials  formerly  occu])icd  a  small  frame  structure  which  at 
present  stands  just  in  rear  of  the  new  j)rinting  iiouse  of  the  Lewis- 
town  Democrat.  AVm.  Mc.Comb,  of  wliom  we  speak  at  greater  length 
below,  was  for  a  number  of  years  Circuit  Clerk. 

D.  J.  Waggoner  came  in  1843,  and  for  a  lunnber  of  years  worked 
in  a  chair  factory.  He  was  I)c])uty  Sherifl'  and  for  many  years 
served  the  county  as  Sheriff  and  was  always  j)oj>uIar.  He  is  still 
living  at  Lew'istown,  and  a  gentleman  of  unusual  ability,  energy  and 
enterprise 

Dr.  R.  R.  McDowell  was  also  an  early  settler. 

Col.  L.  W.  Ross,  in  honor  of  whom  the  town  was  named,  was 
brought  to  the  place  when  nine  years  of  age.  During  the  autumn 
of  1832  he  joined  Major  Bogart's  battalion  and  traveled  over  the 
country  between  the  ^lississipjii  and  Illinois  rivers,  then  upon  the 
outskirts  of  civilization,  for  tlie  protection  (jf  frontiersmen.  While 
at  Galena  he  saw  the  great  Indian  chief,  Black  Hawk, 


770  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

We  could  mention  here  a  long  list  of  familiar  names,  but  as  we 
give  them  in  alphabetical  order  on  i^ubsequent  pages,  we  will  not 
rci)oat  them  here. 

Since  the  oriirinal  town  was  platted  manv  additions  have  been 
laid  out,  as  given  below. 

R.  C.  Simms,  a  farmer  and  land  speculator,  laid  out  an  addition  to 
the  town  of  Lewistown,  which  was  a  subdivision  of  the  original  tract. 
Soon  afterwards  James  Veils  made  an  addition  ;  then  J.  W.  Saun- 
ders made  one  south  of  the  original  town,  which  ctunprised  lo  acres. 
Wm.  Proctor  also  made  an  addition.  AVm.  Phelps  made  a  15-acre 
addition  upon  the  eastern  part  of  the  town.  The  Seminary  addition 
was  next  made.  It  comprises  20  or  25  acres.  PeirsoFs  a«ldition 
which  is  just  cast  of  the  former,  was  then  laid  (»ut  by  J.  H.  Pcirsol. 
It  comprises  about  <S  acres.  There  is  still  another  small  addition, 
which  was  made  by  Xathau  Beadles,  comprising  2  acres;  and  in  the 
southern  part  of  town  Wm.  Proctor  laid  out  the  second  addition 
bearinc  his  name,  and  in  the  northern  iiart  of  toAvn  is  Peirsol's 
second  addition. 

In  1828  a  log  court-house  was  erected  in  the  vicinity  of  the  place 
where  the  present  one  now  stands.  This  was  used  till  about  1830, 
when  the  old  frame  structure  was  erected,  and  in  1838  the  present 
building  was  built  at  a  cost  of  about  §10,000. 

The  iirst  postotHcc  was  located  in  the  southern  part  of  town,  and 
Hugh  R.  Colter  was  perhaps  the  first  postmaster.  The  mail 
was  received  once  a  week,  and  the  long  journeys  the  lone  horseman 
would  make  through  the  wild  country  were  not  always  pleasant 
ones. 

The  first  child  born  in  the  town  was  Luciuda  Ross,  daughter  of 
Mr.  and  Mfs.  O.  M.  Ross.  She  was  also  the  first  child  born  in  the 
county. 

It  would  perhaps  be  uninteresting  to  follow  the  minutiae  of  the 
growth  and  progress  of  the  town  from  its  earliest  infancy,  as  nothing 
of  special  note  occurred.  Immigrants  came  in  and  erected  houses, 
embarked  in  various  kinds  of  business  and  increased  the  wealth  of 
the  town,  while  some  would  leave  and  seek  their  fortune  at  other 
points.  For  some  vears  the  town  grew  rapidly,  but  it  has  sufiered  its 
seasons  of  adversity  as  well  as  enjoyed  those  of  prosperity.  At 
present  it  can  truly  boast  of  being  as  pleasant  and  prosperous  as  any 
t<twn  throughout  the  State. 

We  will  now  speak  of  the  business,  religious  and  educati(tnal  in- 
terests of  the  city,  past  and  present.  School  was  first  taught  in  the 
log  court-house.  The  first  building  especially  erected  for  the  in- 
struction of  the  pioneer  children  was  put  up  by  the  Masonic  fraternity. 
It  was  constructed  of  hewn  logs  and  occu])icd  the  present  site  of  the 
Presbvtcrian  church.  When  Mr.  Ross  laid  out  the  town  he  donated 
."Several  lots  to  the  public  for  the  court-house,  jail  and  church  to  be 
erected  upon.  Tpon  this  tract  was  built  the  Masonic  building  re- 
ferred to. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  /  (  / 

I 

The  Methodists  wore  aniono;  the  first  religious  denominations  to 
be  established  here.  Tliev  worshii>ed  in  the.oourt-hoiise.  The  first 
pastor  now  ealled  to  mind  was  Rev.  Jaeob  Ellis,  who  built  the  first 
water-mill  in  tiie  county, and  also  the  first  eotton-iiin.  The  })rodue- 
tivesoilot"  Fulton  eountv  thi-n  raised  eonsideral>le  of  this  staple 
article.  It  is  supposed  that  a  man  by  the  name  of  West  was  the 
first  Methodist  minister  to  preach  here,  but  we  cannot  ascertain 
whethci'  this  is  the  fact  or  not. 

The  first  church  for  regular  worship  was  built  l)y  Win.  Proctor 
and  was  used  by  the  Presbyterians.  The  Presbyterians  of  Fulton 
county  organized  a  Church  Sept.  13,  1828,  There  were  eight  mem- 
bers, and  meetings  were  held  at  both  Canton  and  Tjcwistown.  This 
was  the  organization  of  the  Presbyterian  Church  of  Lewistown. 
The  fine  edifice  they  now  occupy,  which  is  located  upon  the  Scjuare, 
is  very  largely  the  result  of  the  liberality  of  Myron  Phelps.  Rev. 
J.  F.  Magill  has  ofiiciated  as  Pastor  for  about  nineteen  years.  The 
congregation  is  one  of  the  largest  in  the  county.  Henry  Phel])s  is 
Supt'rintendent  of  the  large  and   interesting  iSunday-school. 

The  Methodist  denomination  have  a  good  brick  church  edifice  situ- 
ate at  the  northwest  corner  i>f  the  Square  The  congregation  is  in 
a  prosperous  condition  and  under  the  pastorate  of  Rev.  C.  W. 
Ayling.      L.  R.  Rays  is  the  Su[)erinten(lent  of  the  Sunday-school. 

The  Christian  Chureh  have  a  pleasant  frame  building  situated 
east  of  the  Square  two  blocks.  It  is  the  last  church  structure  that 
has  been  erected  in  the  city.  Elder  M.  Ingels  is  Pastor.  The  Sun- 
dav-school  is  under  the  superintendencv  of  II.  C.  Hasson. 

The  Ejiiscopal  Church  at  present  have  no  regular  services.  The 
congregation  has  a  beautiful,  small  church  edifice  in  the  north- 
eastern part  of  the  city.  The  parish  was  organized  Monday,  July 
19,  18o0,  under  the  name  of  St.  James  Church.  The  following 
nam(>d  gentlemen  were  elected  Wardens  and  Vestrymen :  S.  C. 
Judd,  Sen.  W  arden  ;  Dr.  (r.  1).  McManus,  Jun.  Warden  ;  and  James 
M.  Davidson,  Win.  H.  Graliam,  T.  A.  I>oyd,  Henry  A.  I^ong,  Do 
Witt  C.  Brvant  and    Isaiah  C.  Worlev,  Vestrvmen. 

The  magnificent  schocil  l)ui]ding  which  stands  in  the  northern 
part  of  the  city  was  erected  in  l-Sli!).  It  is  constructed  of  brick  and 
is  one  of  the  largest  and  finest  school  buildings  in  the  county.  It 
is  presided  over  by  Prof    Leroy  S.  Bates. 

3I((niifacfiiriti(/  (iiid  J>iisinc!<s  Jufrrcs-fs. — As  early  as  1824  Thomas 
L.  Ross  started  a  small  i'actory  fi)r  the  manufactory  of  hats.  Pie 
ran  this  factory  until  he  moved,  to  Galena.  His  successor  was  Mr. 
MeCunc,  who  made  a  fair  living  at  his  occupation,  but  was  of  a  de- 
spondent di'^position  and  one  day  took  the  suicide's  short  route  to 
eternity.  With  him  died  the  hatters'  art  in  Lewistown.  In  a  very 
earlv  dav  .lohn  ^^()lcott  be<>an  tiie  manufacture  of  brick.  Since 
then  many  enterprising  men  have  eml)arked  in  this  business.  At 
present  William  Jones  and  J.  C.  Wilcoxen  are  engaged  in  making 
brick.      Eastman    Call    was   the   first  to   open   a  blacksmith   shop, 

46 


778  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

especially  after  the  town  was  laid  off  and  building  up.  Ossian  ^I. 
Ross  brought  a  blacksmith  named  Nimon  with  him  when  he  came 
to  the  county,  who,  with  a  shoemaker  by  the  name  of  Swotling,  and 
a  carpenter,  name  not  now  remembered,  were  the  first  artisans  in  the 
county.  Mr.  Call's  shop  was  located  where  the  house  of  C.  Proc- 
tor now  stands.  John  Culver  was  the  next  to  open  a  shop.  He 
di'cd  some  years  ago.  Martin  Eichelberger  was  the  first  to  o})en  a 
saddlcrv  and  harness  shoji,  which  he  did  in  the  south  part  of  town. 

In  1841  or  1842  Wm.  I).  Kelly  and  Capt.  Wm.  Phelps  erected  a 
large  flouring-mill,  which  was  destroyed  by  fire  in  1X45.  D.  A, 
Burgett  built  the  second  mill,  which  also  was  destroyed  by  fire.  On 
the  site  of  the  old  one  a  larger  mill  was  erected,  which  has  enjoyed 
a  l)ig  and  successful  run. 

In  the  early  history  of  the  town  a  man  by  the  name  of  Powers 
established  a  woolen  mill  which  was  only  short-lived,  as  Messrs. 
Worlev  ct  Proctor  erected  an  extensive  mill  for  the  purj)ose  of  man- 
ufacturing woolen  goods  and  this  overshadowed  the  smaller  factory. 
This  mill  was  destroyed  by  fire.  In  18()o  they  began  again  on  the 
old  site,  and  now  have  a  factory  that  will  compare  favorably  with 
any  in  this  part  of  the  State.  Mr.  Proctor  several  years  ago  began 
the  manufacture  of  wagon  spokes  and  hubs  in  the  eastern  ])art  of 
the  citv.  This  business  soon  failed,  and  now  the  premises  are  con- 
verted into  a  tile  factory. 

Over  forty  years  ago  Lewistown  boasted  of  a  saw-mill.  Samuel 
Brown  was  the  first  to  conduct  a  business  of  this  kind.  His  suc- 
cessors were  his  sons.  Samuel  Brown  and  Samuel  Dnvall  ran  a  mill 
for  some  time.  The  last  one  in  the  city  was  owned  and  occupied  by 
John  Routson,  which  was  recently  destroyed  by  fire.  He  trans- 
acted a  large  and  lucrative  business  at  this  mill,  selling  large  quan- 
tities of  lumber  to  the  C.,  B.  &  Q.  Railroad.  ■Messrs.  Wysock  & 
Phelps  are  manufacturers  of  carriages,  i)uggic'.-  and  wagons.  These 
are  the  prin('ij)al  factories  in  Lewistown,  although  there  are  other 
men  who  display  considerable  enterprise  in  the  manufacture  of  fur- 
niture, etc.      Prominent  among  them  are  C.  AV.  Beltz  I'c  Co. 

Bnnh. — A  bank  was  estai)lished  about  1850  by  John  W.  l*roctor. 
He  disposed  of  his  interests  to  M.  Turner,  (icorgc  S.  King  united 
with  Mr.  Turner  and  in  1871  organized  a  National  Bank.  It  is  lo- 
cated in  Beadles'  Block. 

Mrrc/idnfs. — For  many  years  there  was  a  row  of  buildings  in  the 
open  sj)ace  between  the  court-house  and  Presbyterian  church.  These 
were  used  both  as  dwellings  and  business  houses,  but  wlien  the 
Presbyterian  church  was  erected  they  were  removed,  and  now  a 
small  open  sfpiare  remains.  We  will  briefly  refer  to  the  leading 
business  men  of  the  city.  Phelps  ct  ]*roctor  are  large  dry-goods 
dealers,  and  own  the  building  they  occupy.  They  also  deal  in  lum- 
ber. Ross  <t  Hinde  began  business  in  1874.  Eichelberger  &  Sons 
are  also  jirominent  merchants.  A.  I>.  Howe  also  deals  in  dry -goods. 
E.  F,  Stafford  is  a  grocer  and  baker.      Edwin  Harris  is  engaged  in 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  779 

o-ononil  morcliandiso.  Wni.  1>.  Jiidd  deals  in  liroccrlcs  and  hard- 
ware.  A.  P.  Munson  keeps  an  eleji'ant  assortment  of  croekery  and 
glassware.  J.  M.  ^^'allaee  is  largely  engaged  in  the  drng  trade. 
Hasson  &  Son,  Tompkins  <S:  Standard  also  haifdle  drngs.  Hasson  & 
Bnrgett  deal  in  hardware.  H.  F.  Ufford,  a  pioneer  from  the  Em- 
pire State,  handles  clothing  and  gents'  furnishing  goods.  AV.  W. 
Fox  conducts  the  jewelry  trade  of  the  place.  Misses  F.  and  C. 
Phelps  conduct  the  news  depot  and  deal  in  books,  etc.  ().  H.  Bliss 
is  engaged  in  general  merchandising.  A.  Willison  manufactures 
and  deals  in  saddles  and  harness,  and  in  connection  with  this  runs  a 
livery.  James  Arundale  also  keeps  a  good  livery  stable.  JNlrs.  K. 
Cunningham  and  Mrs.  R.  F.  Griffith  conduct  the  millinery  trade. 
Burgett  c^'  Willcoxen  are  the  millers.  1j.  B.  Bays  controls  the 
])hotogra])hic  trade  of  the  city.  (leorge  Mayer  conducts  a  meat 
market,  as  also  does  Charles  Fhrenhardt.  Phel])s  c^-  Foote  deal  in 
lumber.  W.  C.  Slaton  and  R.  F.  (Jriffitli  are  engaged  in  the  man- 
ufacture of  wagons.  Besides  these  there  are  many  other  business 
establishments,  such  as  restaurants,  boot  and  shoe  shops,  etc.,  etc. 

Ilofc/s. — During  the  past  summer  Mr.  John  CJustine  re])aired  and 
fitted  uj)  the  brick  building  on  Main  street,  one  block  north  of  the 
Court-house  Square,  and  opened  a  hotel,  which  he  is  successfully 
conducting.     This  building  was  erected  by  Wni.  Proctor. 

The  M'illison  House  is  a  hotel  situated  south  of  the  Square,  and 
is  ctmducted  in  first-class  style. 

The  Standard  House,  on  the  southeast  corner  of  the  square,  the 
largest  hotel  in  the  city,  was  erected  by  Capt.  \Vm.  Phelps.  It 
was  first  thrown  open  to  the  public  about  1854,  with  Capt.  Pheljis 
as  landlord.  His  successor  was  John  liliss,  who  in  turn  was  suc- 
ceeded by  Jeremiah  Iloberts.  Wm.  Standard  for  a  nund)er  of  years 
conducted  this  hotel  and  gave  it  the  name  it  bears  now.  A  short 
time  ago  he  dis])osed  of  the  ]>ro])erty  to  his  son,  Georg;e  Standard. 

l^tpcrs. — There  are  two  excellent  weekly  newsp:q)ers  published 
in  tlu^  city, — the  Dnaorraf,  edited  and  published  by  Mr.  W.  T. 
Davidson,  and  the  IVcws,  by  Mr.  George  Yarnell.  We  refer  the 
readers  to  the  cha])ter  on  the  Press  for  sketches  of  these  journals. 

Profef<sional. — ProniiiKMit  among  the  professional  gentlemen  of 
th(>  city  are  Judge  S.  P.  Shope,  Attorneys  Henry  L.  Bryant,  John 
A.  Gray,  Frank  1>.  (jregory,  Thomas  A.  Jioyd,  L.  W.  Ross,  J.  W. 
Bantz,  W.  S.  Fdwards,  A.  ^I.  liarnett,  N.  C,  Laws,  Harry  Wagoner, 
J.  W.  Dyekes,  John  S.  Winter  and  H.  W.  Baughmau. 

The  medical  profession  is  represented  bv  the  followin<r  gentlemen  : 
Drs  Alex.  Hull,  H.  P.  Sti])p,  (J.  W.  Jolinson,  W.  (J.  IVirsol,  John 
R.  McDowell,  Dr.  Talbott,  F.  T.  Campbell,  and  W.  S.  Fuhr,  dentists. 

LOIMiKS    AND    ASSOCIATIONS. 

MaKOaic. — As  we  have  before  stated,  the  Masonic-  fraternity 
erected  a  buildiiiir  which  was  used  as  the  first  school-house.  The 
lodge  then  organized  is  still  in  existence,  and  is  known  as  No,  104. 


780  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

They  own  a  jiortion  of  the  building  on  tlie  southwest  corner  of  the 
Scjuare,  erected  by  C'ol.  Ross  in  1<SG<S,  and  meet  in  the  third  story. 
Among  the  members  of  this  order  here  are  found  many  men  of 
prominence  and  wealth.  It  is  one  of  the  most  powerful  lodges  in 
the  State.  Officers  are  E.  T.  Moore,  W.  M. ;  Frank  P.  Paull, 
Sec'y ;  H.  W.  Baughman,  S.  W,,  and  H.  C.  Hasson,  J    R. 

/.  0.  of  0.  F. — Fulton  Lodge  No.  51  was  organized  as  early  as 
1839.  The  lodge-room  is  over  E.  Harris'  store.  The  lodge  has 
prospered  and  has  a  large  membership.  The  j^resent  officers  are 
Jacob  Smith,  N.  G. ;  Frank  Allison,  V.  G. ;  C.  R.  Jordan,  Sec'y; 
John  Hunter,  Treas. 

/.  0.  G.  T. — Fourteen  years  ago  the  temperance  movement 
awakened  considerable  interest  in  Lewistown,  and  many  of  the  more 
reputal)le  citizens  organized  a  society  under  the  name  and  aus])ices 
of  the  Good  Templars.  Since  its  organization  it  has  accomplished 
much  good,  and  many  persons  addicted  to  the  use  of  strong  nlrink 
have  signed  the  pledge  and  quit  its  use.  The  organization  own  the 
building  they  occupy,  is  out  of  debt,  and  their  rooms  are  so  attract- 
ive that  many  are  induced  to  leave  evil  associations  and  spend  many 
of  their  spare  hours  there. 

In  1877  the  great  ribbon  temperance  wave  struck  this  part  of  the 
country  and  Lewistown  was  not  behind  in  becoming  awakened  upon 
the  great  (juestion  of  temj)erance.  Her  peoj)lc  had  been  aroused 
upon  this  subject  before,  but  never  were  they  so  enthusiastic  and  de- 
termined to  crush  the  hydra-headed  monster  as  then.  The  Wash- 
ingtonian  movement,  which  swept  like  a  mighty  tidal  wave  across 
the  land,  reached  this  county  in  the  winter  of  1840.  Some  eight  or  ten 
years  later  there  was  a  general  interest  throughout  the  State  upon  the 
subject  of  prohibition.  Meetings  were  held  in  Lewistown,  and  many 
of  the  old  settlers  well  remember  these  movements.  They  well  re- 
member some  of  the  early  temj)erance  workers.  Among  them  are 
Mr.  Pease,  the '*  Blind  A|)ostle  of  Temperance,"  of  Knox  county,  and 
Hiram  S.  Thomas,  of  X'ermont,  this  county.  The  Sons  of  Temper- 
ance movement  will  also  be  remembered  for  the  good  it  did.  The 
great  crusade  wave,  which  in  the  winter  and  spring  of  1<S74  swept 
over  Ohio  and  the  adjacent  States  was  felt  here,  but  the  greatest 
tem])erance  tidal  wave  seemed  to  ])ass  over  the  entire  country  during 
1877  and  the  early  part  of  1S7.S.  Every  where  temperance  meetings 
were  held.  The  blue,  red  and  white  ribbon  were  seen  attached  to 
every  coat  and  adorning  almost  every  lady.  The  grand  wave  was 
at  fidl  tide  in  Lewistown  about  this  period.  The  intensest  enthusiasm 
])revaih'd.  'J'he  whole  heart  of  the  community,  the  cultured  and  re- 
fined, the  degraded  and  depraved,  rich  and  poor,  one  and  all  were 
actuated  and  moved  by  one  mighty  j)ulsation  of  common  interest  in 
the  great  work  of  temperance  and  reform.  The  rather  conservative 
city  of  Lewistown  was  moved  as  it  never  had  l)een  before.  The 
clergymen  as  a  unit  entered  heart  and  soul  in  the  work,  and  with 
glowing,  anxious  hearts^  winning  words  and  personal  influence  as- 


<^^A  i(^. 


fO£CEA££D) 


OF  THE 
UNIVERSITY  Of  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  783 

sisted  in  the  labor  of  love.  Earnest  work  was  the  motto  of  all. 
Those  who  were  moved  by  tender,  loving  sympathy  in  their  hearts 
for  fallen  hnmanity,  as  well  as  those  who  had  felt  the  pangs  of  in- 
temperance in  their  own  exi>erience,  worked  in  harmony  and  unity 
side  by  side.  All  minor  diti'ercnees  and  distinctions  were  lost  sight 
of,  and  on  every  hand  men  of  all  classes  met  as  brothers  laboring 
in  a  common  cause. 

Meetings  hav^e  been  kept  up,  and  now  every  Thursday  night  a 
large  audience  gather  at  Beadles'  Hall  to  witness  the  programme  pre- 
pared by  the  Ladies'  Temperance  Society.  These  meetings  are 
highly  entertaining  and  greatly  appreciated  by  the  entire  populace. 

PERSONAL    SKETCHES. 

We  will  close  the  history  of  this  city  and  township  by  giving 
personal  sketches  of  the  leading  citizens  and  old  settlers: 

J.  H.  Arncft,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  24;  P.  O.,  Lewistown ; 
was  born  in  Bath  county,  Ky.,  March  27, 1832  ;  his  fither,  Cleanthes 
Arnett,  a  farmer,  was  also  a  native  of  the  same  State,  where  he  mar- 
ried Margaret  Dean;  they  have  had  12  children,  of  whom  J.  H., 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  is  the  4th  ;  when  4  years  of  age  the  family 
emigrated  to  Sangamon  county,  111.,  and  one  year  afterward  came  to 
Liverpool  township,  this  county,  where  he  bought  land  in  1836. 
In  1852  he  married  Elizabeth  Yunt,  daughter  of  Jacob  Yunt,  of 
Indiana,  an  early  settler  in  this  county  and  a  soldier  in  the  Black 
Hawk  war.  Mrs.  A. 's  grandfather  organized  the  first  Masonic  lodge 
in  this  county.  James  H.  Arnett  began  life  here  in  moderate  cir- 
cumstances, but  has  been  energetic  and  has  now  a  good  farm  of  200 
acres.     He  'has  had  10  children,  9  of  whom  are   living, — William, 

Cleanthes,   Rufus,   Cyrus,   Ida,  W.,  Alva,    Mary,  Sophia  and 

Lizzie  (deceased).  During  the  war  Mr.  A.  was  U.  S.  enrolling  offi- 
cer.    Methodist.     Repblican. 

James  Arundale,  of  the  firm  of  Arundale  &  Brothers,  proprietors 
of  livery  stable,  was  born  in  Fulton  county.  111.,  in  1844,  son  of 
Abel  and  Sarah  (Harrison)  Arundale,  who  emigrated  to  America  in 
1838  and  settled  in  Putman  township,  where  he  (Abel)  died  in  1866. 
His  wife  survived  him  until  1875.  James  opened  his  present  place 
of  business  in  1871.  Was  married  in  1877  to  Miss  Marv  Turner,  a 
native  of  this  county.  Mr.  A.  is  serving  the  second  term  as  con- 
stable in  this  city.  He  enlisted  in  1864  in  132d  I.  V.  L,  Co.  E,  and 
served  6  months. 

J.  W.  Banfz,  lawyer,  Lewistown,  was  born  in  Loudon  Co.,  Va., 
in  1850.  His  parents  were  John  and  Mary  A.  (Marchant)  Bantz, 
natives  of  that  State,  where  his  father  is  still  living  ;  his  mother 
died  in  1870.  J.  W.  commenced  the  f^Jtudy  of  law  in  1868  at  Clear- 
field, Pa.,  in  the  office  of  J.  B.  McEnally ;  was  admitted  to  the  bar 
in  1872,  and  began  practice  in  that  city  the  same  year ;  settled  in 
Lewistown   in   July   1875,  where  he   has  followed   his  professional 


784  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

oallinti::  to  the  present  time ;  is  .serving  as  Township  Attorney  and 
an  otHeer  in  the  I.  ().  O.  F.  He  was  married  July  15,  1879,  at 
Canton,  to  Miss  Kate  V.  Craig. 

Joseph  Barcl((i/,  deceased,  was  born  in  Va.,  went  to  Ohio  in  his 
lOtli  year,  where  he  engaged  in  farming;  married  Mary  Harris; 
had  i)  ehihh'en :  IMargaret,  Ciitharine,  .Vndrew  J.,  Isaac,  John, 
Thomas,  Mary,  Robert  and  William.  Emigrated  to  Fulton  Co.  in 
1828  or  '20,  settling  in  Harris  tj).,  then  in  this  township  on  1(50 
acres,  which  he  purchased  from  Oliver  Jones ;  was  soldier  in  the 
Black  Hawk  war;  died  Jan.  22,  18G8;  belonged  to  a  tem])erance 
lodge  and  the  jNIethodist  Church.     Mrs.  B.  still  lives,  aged  73  years. 

Win.  Bdrcldji,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  30 ;  P.  O.,  Lewistown  ; 
was  born  on  the  homestead  in  this  county  in  1844,  the  youngest  of 
the  family;  in  ISTOhe  married  Margaret  Livingston,  daughter  of 
Geo.  L.,  of  Ohio,  and  has  had  3  children, — Lorin  AV.,  James  A. 
and  Oscar  L.  Has  been  School  Director.  Geo.  Livingston,  farmer, 
married  Sarah  Sim])son  in  Ohio,  had  12  children,  came  to  this  tp. 
32  years  ago,  and  located  ui)on  KJO  acres  of  land;  had  90  when  he 
died  Sept.  2,  1879.     Margaret  Barclay  was  his  youngest  child. 

Isaiah  Barnes,  farmer,  etc.,  was  born  in  Monroe  Co.,  O.,  in  1845; 
came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1855;  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  151st  111.  Inf,  and 
was  in  the  army  of  the  Cund:>erland  ;  discharged  in  1856;  returned 
to  Fulton  Co.;  owns  50  acres  in  this  tp ;  married  Xaomi  Wiieeler, 
of  Kansas,  and  they  have  an  ado])ted  child.     P.  O.,  Lewistown. 

Mary  Barnes,  relict  of  Jesse  Barnes  who  died  during  the  cholera 
epidemic  of  1S53,  was  born  in  Ohio  in  LSI 4,  daughter  of  Thos.  Mc- 
Telar ;  married  in  Ohio  and  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1852.  Her 
children  are  Thomas  H.,  Nancy  J.,  Isaiah,  John  and  Mary.  On 
arriving  in  this  county  Mr.  15.  bought  100  acres  of  land  of  ]\latthias 
Hulick,  which  ground  is  still  occupied  by  Mrs.  Barnes.  She  was 
raised  a  (Quaker,  but  has  belonged  to  the  ISIethodist  Church  ever 
since  she  was  l(j  years  old. 

A.  M.  Jtarncff,  lawyer,  was  born  in  Illinois  .Ian.  7,  1847,  son  of 
R.  F.  and  Margaret  B.,  natives  of  A  irginia  ;  came  to  Lewistown  in 
1872,  entering  the  law  office  of  Judge  Shope ;  was  licensed  to  prac- 
tice by  the  Supreme  <^'(Uirt  in  1875;  is  doing  a  fair  business;  May 
23,  1877,  he  married  ^liss  Tomj)kins,  who  was  born  in  Lewistown 
in  1855;  they  have  one  child,  Fdward,  who  was  born  Feb.  21, 
1878.  Mr.  B.  is  a  member  of  the  ISIasonic  order.  Residence, 
Lewistown. 

Praf.  Lcroi/  '^.  Bnfcs,  ])rincipa1  of  the  public  schools,  was  born  in 
Chicopee,  near  Springiield,  Mass.  ^\'hen  quite  young  his  j)arents 
brought  him  to  Illinois,  locating  near  Princeton,  afterward  in  Rock 
Island  county,  i)ut  not  finding  educational  advantages  as  good  as 
they  desired,  they  soon  moved  to  Galesburg.  AVhile  attending 
school  Ml".  Bates  gave  much  of  his  attention  to  music,  and  soon  be- 
came organist  for  the  First' Jiajitist  Church,  which  position  he  filled 
for  several  vears.     He  verv  earlv  united   with  that  Church.     Hav- 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  785 

ing  completed  his  education  at  Galesburg,  Mr.  B.  became  principal 
of  the  public  schools  of  Noble,  111.,  after  which  he  took  charge  of 
the  Sandoval  (111.)  |)ublic  schools.  From  the  latter  place  he  removed 
to  Judsonia,  Ark.,  where  he  became  professor  of  music  in  Judson 
University.  While  there  Gov.  Elisha  Baxter  appointed  him  Super- 
intendent of  Public  Instruction  f<jr  White  county.  Finances  in 
Arkansas  being  in  a  bad  state.  Prof.  Bates  returned  to  Galesburg, 
and  became  principal  of  the  Fifth  Ward  school  in  that  city.  Here 
he  married  Miss  Emma  Crocker,  who  was  born  in  Henderson  Co., 
111.,  but  soon  after  came  with  her  parents  to  Galesburg.  She  early 
became  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church.  They  were  married  in 
Galesburg,  Aug.  8,  1876.  Soon  afterward  he  took  charge  of  the 
Avon  j)ublic  schools,  where  he  remained  three  years.  Of  his  work 
the  Avon  Soifiiicl  g'tve^i  a  very  flattering  testimonial.  Leaving  Avon, 
he  became  principal  of  the  Lewistown  schools,  which  position  he 
now  occupies.  He  has  never  been  absent  from  the  school  room  a 
single  school  day,  except  on  two  occasions, — the  death  of  his  father 
and  that  of  a  friend. 

L.  B.  B(i}/.s,  ))hotographer,  succeeded  his  brother,  S.  B.  Bays,  in 
business  in  1870,  who  was  the  first  operator  in  Lewistown.  Mr.  B. 
was  born  in  Hardin  county,  Ky.,  1828,  and  is  the  eldest  son  of 
John  W.  Bays,  who  settled  in  Chami)aign  county,  where  he  died  in 
184(3 ;  (!ame  to  this  county  in  1847  and  engaged  in  clerking  until  he 
opened  his  present  gallery  ;  was  married  in  1852  to  Miss  Lydia  Ed- 
mundson,  a  native  of  Tennessee,  by  whom  he  has  two  children, 
—Albert  and  George.  Mr.  B.  enlisted  in  1862  in  the  72d  I.  V.  I., 
Co.  I,  and  served  .">  years;  particijxited  in  the  siege  of  Vicksburg, 
Franklin,  Tenn.,  and  Nashville. 

JSafhan  Beadle.^  was  born  in  Danville,  Ky.,  in  1811,  the  son  of 
Rice  and  Sarah  (Adams)  Beadles,  natives  of  Virginia,  where  his 
father  died  in  18]  !l.  His  mother,  with  3  sons  and  2  daughters, 
came  to  this  county  in  1829  and  settled  near  licrnadotte,  where  she 
died  in  18.'U,  and  all  the  other  children  have  passed  to  their  long 
home.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  this  city  in  1833  and  en- 
gaged in  tailoring  three  years,  when  he  began  a  mercantile  pursuit, 
and  engaged  entenslvely  in  beef  and  j)ork-j)acking  for  15  years.  He 
retired  from  the  business  j)ursuits  of  life  in  1<S(>(),  but  subse(juently 
engaged  in  real  estate  in  this  city  and  Chicago.  He  erected  the 
block  properly  called  I>eadles'  Block,  in  1874-5,  at  a  cost  of  $45,000, 
and  also  erected  the  Methodist  church  and  parsonage.  There  is  no 
man  in  this  community  who  has  done  more  for  the  advancement 
and  growth  of  the  city  than  Nathan  Beadles.  He  was  married  in 
this  county  in  1836  to  Miss  L.  Smith,  a  native  of  Banner  county, 
Ky.,  who  died  in  1842.  He  was  again  united  in  same  county  to 
Miss  Luan  Leejier,  who  died  in  June,  1878.  Mr.  B.  served  as 
County  Collector  in  1842,  and  cast  his  first  vote  for  Gen.  Jackson, 
being  a  life-long  Democrat.  Was  Vice-President  and  Director  of 
N.  G.  R.  R.,  and  is  one  of  the  oldest  living  settlers  of  this  county. 


786  IIIRTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY. 

B.  F.  Benrce.  Among  the  prominent  farmers  of  this  township 
we  class  Mr.  B.  He  resides  on  sec.  4 ;  P.  O.,  Lewistown.  He 
owns  290  acres  of  huul.  He  is  the  son  of  Eli  and  Sarah  Bearce, 
])ioneers  of  the  county,  cominji;  in  l''^25  when  the  red  man  roamed 
and  reigned  siipreiuj,  and  lielpijd  to  change  it  frum  a  barren  waste  to 
a  fruitful  field.  Our  subject  was  born  here  April  24,  1834;  was 
married  Feb.  8,  1855,  to  Lydia  Cornell,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  Dec. 
1,  I8.3(j.  By  this  union  they  have  12  children,  7  living:  Eli, 
Emma,  Bertha,  Richard,  Ijeonidas,  James,  Leonard.  Those  dead 
are  Mary  A.,  William  and  Priscilla.  Mr.  B.  has  been  School  Direc- 
tor for  15  years. 

Orson  Bearce,  farmer,  sec.  10;  son  of  Eli  aind  Sarah  Bearce,  the. 
latter  still  living  at  the  ripe  old  age  of  Si').  Mr.  B.  was  born  in 
New  York  April  1,  IS] 9,  and  came  into  the  State  in  1824  with  an 
ox  team.  He  enjoyed  but  little  advantages  to  gain  an  education. 
He  was  married  in  1842  to  Betsy  Brown.  She  was  born  in  Ohio 
about  1822  and  died  Sept.  9,  1852.  Was  married  April  3,  1853,  to 
Jane  McNeal.  They  have  8  children  :  Reui)en,  Eliza,  Frank,  Anna, 
John,  Charles,  Jacob  and  Nellie.      We  give  his  ]>()rtrait. 

C.  ir.  Belts,  of  the  firm  of  C.  W.  Belts  &  Co.,  furniture  manufac- 
turers, was  born  in  Livingston  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1841,  and  emigrated 
to  the  West  in  1857,  settling  in  Prairie  City,  McDonough  Co., 
where  he  engaged  at  his  trade  until  he  moved  to  this  city  and  opened 
the  present  place  of  business  in  1875.  The  firm  deals  exclusively 
in  furniture,  jobbing  and  turning,  and  command  a  large  trade.  He 
was  married  in  Sept.,  1870,  to  Miss  Sarah  E.  Walter,  a  native  of 
Knox  Co.      Plarrv  W.  is  their  only  child. 

John  Jivrrji,  farmer,  sec.  12;  was  born  in  Indiana  and  brought  to 
the  Prairie  State  with  the  family  about  1843;  his  parents  were 
Elijah  :ni»l  Elizabeth  Berry,  also  natives  of  Indiana;  in  1861  he 
married  Louisa  Bici's,  born  in  Ohio  about  1833,  and  they  are  the 
])ai'cnts  of  12  childi'en,  11  of  whom  are  living, — Amanda,  Leonard, 
Laura  E.,  Lester  Jj.,  Elizabeth  A.,  Ida  M.,  Deborah  V.,  John  W., 
Edith,  Alice  M.,  Frances  P].,  Verna  J.  and  an  infant  deceased. 
Mr.  Ji.  owns  160  acres  of  land  in  good  cultivation.  Democrat.  P. 
().,   Ticwistown. 

Jolin  Bliss  was  born  in  \"irginia  in  1812.  His  father,  Christian 
Bliss,  came  from  Germanv  to  this  countrv  in  earlv  dav  and  settled 
in  Philadelphia  ;  went  thence  to  Ijancaster,  Pa.,  thence  to  Virginia. 
Mrs.  B.  moved  to  Kentucky  when  John  was  in  his  6th  year;  in 
this  commonwealth  \\v  learned  the  art  of  cabinet  manufacture,  and 
there  he  married  ^L's.  Eliza  J.  McTigat,  daughter  of  John  McT., 
in  his  22d  year;  in  1833  he  came  to  Fulton  county,  settling  in  this 
tp. ;  after  following  his  trade  some  time  alone  he  went  into  partner- 
ship with  Fvans  in  mercantile  business  3  years;  then  6  years  after 
that  he  bought  what  is  now  the  Standard  House,  in  conducting 
which  he  was  very  successful.  In  l.S()5  he  put  up  the  building 
lUljoining  the   hotel,  and   in    1S(),S  retired  from   business,  buying  a 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  787 

farm  of  lo2  acres  and  buildino-  a  liandsome  frame  resiflenee.  Sold 
the  hotel  this  year.  Was  l*oliee  ^Magistrate  awhile:  in  all  apj)eals 
from  his  decisions  he  was  sustained.  Is  a  Mason,  Son  of  Temper- 
ance and  Presbyterian. 

James  Bolcnder,  farmer,  etc.,  on  sec.  25 ;  P.  O.,  Lewistowai. 
Born  in  Clermont  Co.,  Ohio,  in  1818;  brought  up  on  a  farm;  mar- 
ried in  Brown  Co.,  O.,  Catharine  Shinkle  (daughter  of  Christian  S.), 
by  whom  he  had  8  children,  5  now  living,  as  follows:  Daniel, 
Levi,  Lydia  A.,  Catharine  E.  and  Mary  Ann  ;  the  deceased  are, 
John  H.,  Henry  AV.  and  Ely.  Mr.  B.  came  to  this  township  in 
1840,  M'hen  he  bought  40  acres  of  land;  he  now  owns  45.  Baptist. 
Re})ublican. 

Stephen  BoJender,  farmer,  etc.,  sec.  25 ;  P.  ().,  Lewistown.  This 
man  was  born  in  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  Feb.  4,  1820,  the  5th  child  of 
his  parents  ;  settled  in  this  township  in  an  early  day,  purchasing  a 
half  section  of  land,  which  he  has  since  turned  into  a  valuable  farm. 
He  now  owns,  however,  but  51  acres.  He  is  a  Baptist,  and  in  poli- 
tics is  independent.  April  24,  1845,  he  married  Lydia  Buffum, 
daughter  of  Hiram  B.  They  have  5  children, — Henry,  Walter, 
Sarah,  Caroline  and  Lydia  A.  Mrs.  B,  died  in  November,  1854. 
April,  1855,  Mr.  B.  married  Mary  E.  Coleman,  daughter  of  Jere- 
miah C.  They  have  had  5  children,  4  now  living, — Martha,  Mary 
Jane,  Elva,  Emeline,  and  Jeremiah,  who  died  in  1857.  Henry 
Bolcnder,  Stephen's  father,  was  a  native  of  l^cnnsylvania,  a  farmer, 
who  moved  to  Clermont  Co.,  ().,  in  early  day,  where  he  engaged  in 
farming  and  blacksmithing,  and  where  he  married  Catharine  Shin- 
kle  and  had  a  family  of  12  children. 

Georfje  W.  I>i>r<hicr,  fanner  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  36 ;  P.  O., 
Lewistown;  was  born  in  Jjicking  Co.,  ().,  in  1826;  came  to  Lewis- 
town  tp.  in  1850;  married  Mary  Ann  Bolcnder,  and  their  children 
are  Marion,  Sarah  and  Henry.  Mrs.  B.  died  in  18()0,  and  in  1861 
Mr.  B.  married  Catherine  Bolcnder.  In  1852  he  bought  l.'>()  acres 
of  land,  but  now  has  400  acres,  in  good  condition.  He  is  a  Demo- 
crat. 

Jonathan  Bordner,  deceased,  a  }>rominent  farmer  of  this  tp.,  \yas 
born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1816  ;  in  1827  was  moved  with  the  family 
to  Ohio;  and  in  1840  he  came  and  settled  on  sec.  25,  this  tp. ;  in 
January,  1842,  he  married  Lucinda,  daughter  of  E.  H.  Bearce ;  has 
ahvays  been  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser ;  commenced  in  this  county 
poor  but  is  now  among  the  wealthier  class;  has  had  13  children,  10 
of  whom  are  living  and  4  married.  Harvey  P.  was  in  the  lO.'Jd 
regt.,  and  wounded  at  ^Tission  Uidge,  and  soon  afterward  died; 
Alfred  is  married  and  resides  in  Waterford  tj). ;  Christiaiui  W.  is 
married  and  lives  in  Lewistown  ;  Sarah  married  and  lives  north- 
west of  Lewistown ;  Amanda,  married,  resides  in  (iuincy  ;  Frank- 
lin, Amy  T.  and  Homer  are  on  the  homestead  ;  Mary  L.  is  attend- 
ing school  at  Quincy  ;  Hattie  is  also  at  (^uincy,  and  Era  H.  at 
home.     Mrs.  B.  owns  280  acres  of  land.     Mr.  B.  was  a  strong  Re- 


788  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

j)ul)liean.  E.  II.  Bearee,  fathor  of  Mr>.  B.,  settled  in  Lewistown  in 
1820;  next  year  lie  moved  upon  a  farm  of  his  own  and  became  a 
prosperous  farmer.  He  married  Sarah  Austin,  by  whom  he  had  8 
children,  7  of  whom  are  living.  Mrs.  B.  is  the  eldest  but  one,  and 
was  born  in  Sangamon  Co.     Mr.  Bearee  died  in  1856. 

J/o.sT.s-  Bordner,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  20  ;  P.  O.,  Lewistown  ; 
born  in  Pennsylvania  in  182.");  his  father,  Peter  Bordner,  a  farmer, 
w^as  also  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and  married  Christiana  Lash  ; 
they  had  13  children,  12  of  whom  grew  up.  The  family  moved  to 
Licking  Co.,  0.,in  an  early  day,  where  Mtiscs  grew  to  manhood  on  a 
farm  ;  in  1840  he  emigrated  to  this  tp.,  and  bought  200  acres  of  land  ; 
he  now  owns  720  acres;  he  has  been  School  Director,  Assessor,  etc., 
and  Trustee  of  the  M.  E.  Church  ;  in  1847  he  married  Maria  Bearee, 
and  they  have  had  8  children.  Mrs.  B.  died  in  1800,  and  Mr.  B. 
married  Mary  E.,  daughter  of  Jonathan  Ewers,  of  Virginia.  They 
have  had  0  children. 

Peter  Bordner,  retired  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  see.  24;  P.  O., 
Lewistown  ;  was  born  in  Bucks  Co.,  Pa.,  July  4,  1784,  and  is  there- 
fore probably  the  oldest  citizen  in  this  county,  possibly  in  the  State. 
In  Pennsylvania  he  married  Christiana  Losh,  daughter  of  Stephen 
Losh.  In  his  35th  year  he  settled  in  Licking  Co.,  O.,  where  he 
bought  250  acres  of  land  and  improved  it ;  in  1854  he  emigrated  in 
a  covered  wagon  to  this  tp.,  where  he  purchased  240  acres,  which  he 
afterwards  increased  to  500  acres;  he  now  owns  340  acres  and  is 
comj)aratively  wealthy.  Mrs.  B.  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1792, 
and  is  still  living.  Alfred,  the  youngest  son,  resides  on  the  home- 
stead, owning  considerable  property.  He  married  Jane  Hasson, 
daughter  of  James  Hasson,  of  this  county,  and  their  children  are  7, 
— Ettie,  Willie,  Charles,  Oscar,  James,  Adda  and  Perry.  The  old 
gentleman  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church  and  a  Democrat. 

E.  J.  Brown,  carpenter,  was  born  in  Licking  Co.,  ().,  in  1818,  son 
of  Samuel  and  Annie  Jacobs,  natives  of  Maine,  who  emigrated  to 
this  county  in  1837  and  settled  in  Lewistown,  where  he  engaged  at 
his  trade,  coopering.  South  ot  the  city  he  erected  a  saw-mill  which 
was  run  by  horse-power,  and  later  by  steam.  He  took  the  cholera 
in  St.  Louis  and  died  on  the  way  home  to  Havana.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch  returned  to  his  native  State  and  again  to  this  city  in  1850, 
where  he  has  since  been  eny:ay;ed  at  his  trade.  He  was  married  in 
1841  to  Miss  Angeline  Fluke,  who  was  born  in  Perry  Co.,  O.,  in 
1822.     Members  of  the  Methodist  Church. 

Franei'i  B.  Broirn,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Lewistown;  is  son  of  Johnson 
and  Phoda  Brown,  and  was  born  July  7,  1821,  and  came  to  this 
State  in  1844,  and  settled  in  this  Co.  His  mother  died  when  he 
was  only  3  months  old.  He  was  married  in  this  county  in  1845  to 
Nancy  Laws.  Mrs.  S.  was  born  in  ^'irginia  in  1823.  She  has 
borne  5  children, — Martin  AV.,  Rhoda,  George  AV.,  Martha  E.  and 
John  W.,  deceased. 

John  Brown,  deceased,  was  born  in  Ohio,  April  7,  1820;  brought 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  789 

to  Illinois  ill  1820,  to  this  county  ;  suffered  many  luirdships  of  frontier 
life;  in  1842  he  married  Delilah  Hulfman,  who  was  born  in  Ohit), 
Sept.  10,  1820;  they  had  7  ehiUh-en,  of  whom  5  are  still  livino;, — 
Lucy,  J.  W.,  Eliza  B.,  Mary  and  Ephraim.  Mr.  Browu  was  a  farmer 
on  sec.  2,  owning  .'i05  acres  of  land  ;  he  died  in  October,  1871).  He 
was  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  highly  respected  by  all  who 
knew  him. 

Sanmel  Brown,  firmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  33;  P.  O.,  Lewis- 
town;  was  born  in  fjieking  Co.,  O.,  in  1823;  his  father,  Samuel 
Brown,  was  a  native  of  Maine;  married  Anna  Jacobs,  by  whom  he 
had  7  children  ;  afterward  he  married  Miss  McLaren,  whom  he  nuir- 
ried  in  Ohio,  where  he  subsequently  moved.  Samuel,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  was  a  son  by  the  first  marriage;  and  when  he  was  13 
years  old  (1837)  the  family  moved  to  Lewistown  tp. ;  by  his  first 
wife  he  had  Hve  children,  of  whom  Harriet  and  Lavina  are  all  that 
are  living;  Mrs.  B.  died  at  I^ewistown  21  years  ago,  and  Mr,  B. 
married  Julia  Yarnell,  by  whom  he  has  had  0  children, — Samuel, 
(deceased),  Ellis,  Hannah  X.,  Julia  S.,  Katie  and  Charles.  Mr,  B. 
Avas  formerly  member  of  the  Methodist  Church.  Rei)ublican.  He 
ran  the  first  saw-mill, — horse-power,  afterward  steam, — for  20  vears, 
and  then  sold  to  Mr.  W  ilcoxen.  He  cultivates  170  acres, — in  Lew- 
istown and  Waterfbrd  tps. 

H'.  ir.  5ro/r«,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  36  ;  P.  O.,  Lewistown  ; 
born  in  Ivicking  Co.,  ().,  in  1822  ;  his  father,  Wm.  Brown,  was  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  and  married  in  Ohio,  Miss  Isabella  Wills,  bv  whom 
he  had  9  children,  the  subject  of  this  sketch  being  the  3d  ;  at  the  age 
of  20  he  married  Mrs.  Angeline  Shaw,  wee  Bordner,  by  whom  he  has 
4  children  living, — Geo.  W.,  James  PL,  Sarah  M.  and  Christiana. 
Tn  1848  Mr.  B.  came  to  Eulton  Co.,  bought  200  acres  of  land,  sold 
this  in  l(S.j()  and  bought  210  acres  in  Lewistown  tp. ;  he  now  owns 
256  acres.     Has  been  Assessor.     Democrat.     Good  Templar. 

Henri/  L.  Bryant  was  born  in  Covington,  Mass.,  March  11,  1817, 
the  second  son  of  Dr.  Ira  and  Elizabeth  (Holbrook)  ])rvant,  who 
emigrated  at  an  early  day  to  Ontario  county,  X.  Y.,  where  he  resided 
30  vears  and  died  in  the  50th  vear  of  his  ay-e.  Tlie  subiect  of  this 
sket_ch  was  educated  at  Geneva,  (X.  Y.)  College ;  read  law  at  Lex- 
ington, Ky.,  one  year;  took  one  course  of  lectures  at  Transylvania 
University,  and  came  to  this  State  in  1835,  settling  in  Macomb.  \u 
1837-8  he  was  elected  State's  Attorney,  at  that  time  for  all  the  ter- 
ritory from  the  mouth  of  the  Illinois  river  to  Peoria  county,  which 
he  filled  until  the  expirati(»n  of  his  term  two  years  afterward,  at 
which  time  he  was  not  21  years  of  age.  In  1843  he  was  married  in 
this  Co.  to  Miss  Elizabeth  S.  Saunders,  daughter  of  Hira  Saunders, 
who  settled  in  this  Co.  in  1820.  Pie  was  an  active  j)artici|)ant  in  the 
early  settlement  of  the  county,  and  a  ])rominent  man  of  the  old 
Jackson  school.  His  death  occurred  at  Jackson  Grove  in  1852. 
Mr.  B.  resided  at  Macomb  until  1848,  when  his  health  failed  and  he 
moved  on  his  farm  2  miles  north  of  Jackson  Grove.     In  1852  he 


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HISTORY    OF    rULTON    COUNTY.  TOo 

27,  18.3(),  to  Bridirot  Swchmiov,  also  a  native  of  Ireland,  and  who  was 
born  in  Nov.,  ISID.  They  have  one  ehild  living  ont  of"  a  family  of 
4.     Mr.  H.  is  a  member  of  the  Catholic  Church. 

L.  E.  ('(ill,  of  tlu'  hrin  of  Wilcoxeu  &  Call,  was  l)orn  in  Lewis- 
town,  TIL,  in  1<S;>(),  son  of  Kastman  and  Melinda  (Wenthouse)  Call, 
who  were  amonii;  the  early  pioneers  of  the  county,  and  the  first  to 
ojien  a  blaeksmith-shop  in  Lewistown,  where  he  died  in  1S77.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  worl^cd  at  printing  for  19  years,  and  was 
extensively  engaged  in  the  hardware  trade  until  Feb.,  1879,  when 
he  disposed  of  his  interest  and  formed  the  present  copartnership  in 
collecting  and  contracting  for  railroad  ties.  He  was  married  in 
1856  to  Miss  Elizabeth  JJrown,  a  native  of  Ohio,  who  w'as  born 
near  Zanesville  in  18.'^().  He  is  the  father  of  4  children,  8  of  whom 
are  living, — I>ucinda,  Henry  and  Carrie.  The  eldest  daughter,  Ida 
E.,  died  April  4,  1877.  She  was  a  life  member  of  the  Christian 
Church,  and  organist  at  the  time  of  her  death. 

E.  T.  Campbell,  physician  and  surgeon,  was  born  in  Indiana  Feb. 
25,  1835;  on  farm  until  17  years  of  age;  in  1858  commenced  i)rac- 
ticc  in  Lewistown;  has  an  extensive  ]iatronage ;  in  1859,  in  this 
county,  he  married  Matilda  8hawver,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in 
1835  ;  they  are  the  parents  of  3  children, — Charles,  Anna  and  Susan. 
The  Doctor  has  held  the  office  of  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

Samuel  Ca»iy^/>c//,  farmer,  sec.  3;  P.  C,  Lewistown  ;  is  a  son  of 
Samuel  and  Phoebe  Campbell,  natives  of  Virginia.  Mr.  C.  was 
reari'd  upon  a  farm  and  has  through  life  followed  farming.  He  en- 
listed in  1802  in  Co.  H,  105th  111.  Inf.,  and  served  3  years;  was  in 
the  siege  of  Vicksburg,  battle  of  Atlanta  and  went  with  Sherman 
to  the  coast.  He  was  married  March  12,  1807,  to  Enuna  C. 
Hannah,  who  was  born  May  18,  1848.  They  arc  the  ])arents  of  7 
children,  G  of  whom  are  living:  Era  L.,  Bertha  I.,  Providence, 
Phoebe  M.,  Ralph  W.,  Warren  L.  and  Ray  (deceased).  Mr.  C.  was 
boi-n  July  21,  18.'>0,  and  came  with  his  parents  to  this  State  when 
(juite  yoiuig,  and  has  made  of  life  a  success. 

Francisco  Cliapiii,  farmer,  sec.  1  ;  P.O.,  Ijewistown ;  was  born 
in  Ohio  April  27,  1822,  the  son  of  John  and  Eli/abeth  Chaj)in, 
natives  of  Pennsylvania;  came  to  this  State  in  1838;  in  1846  he 
nxarried  Liu'inda  Berry,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1823  ;  thev  are  the 
parents  of  6  children,  only  one  of  whom  is  living,  viz:  Francisco. 
Mr.  C.  is  a  Democrat  and  has  been  Constable.  Owns  78  acres  of 
land,  worth  ^65  per  acre. 

Thomax  Clark,  retired  firmer,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1815, 
son  of  R.  Clark,  a  native  of  h'cland  ;  left  his  native  State  when  21 
years  old,  and  in  his  25th  year  he  came  to  Lee  township,  this  county  ; 
married  Amy  Hall,  of  Ohio;  began  life  poor  and  when  this  county 
was  wild  ;  first  went  to  farming,  then  took  a  tannery  in  Lewistown, 
— 12  years  ago;  now  owns  also  200  acres  of  land  ;  has  5  children, 
— Robert,  Amanda,  Elizaluth,  Mary  and  Amy  J3.  Is  esj)ecially  in- 
terested in  educational  matters.     Presbyterian.     Republican. 


794  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY, 

Tliomn.-t  B.  Clark,  fanner  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  7  ;  P.  O..  Tjcwis- 
town.  Mr.  C  was  horn  in  Ohio  Dec.  15,  1.S31.  He  was  l)rought 
up  on  a  farm,  and  adopted  that  calling;,  in  which  he  has  heen  suc- 
cessful. He  had  only  limited  advantages  for  an  education.  He 
was  broutrht  to  th(>  township  in  1844  by  his  father,  who  still  lives  in 
the  townshii)  at  tlic  ripe  old  aije  of  80.  T.  B.  was  married  in  this 
county  in  1856,  May  28,  to  Eliza  Johnson,  who  was  born  in  Vir- 
ginia in  1885.  They  are  the  parents  of  6  children,  5  livincr, — Chris- 
topher, Carndton,  Sarah  F.,  Ida  M.  and  Mary  L. 

M.  L.  Clifford  was  born  in  Ashtabula  county,  ().,  in  183;>;  his 
father,  Amasa,  was  a  famer;  married  Lois  Fox  and  has  had  10  chil- 
dren ;  emigrated  to  Fulton  county  when  I^afayette,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  was  a  lad;  here  the  latter  has  lived,  and  now  owns  54 
acres  of  land  ;  in  1857*  he  married  Tsoj>hena,  daughter  of  Wm.  R. 
Wells,  of  Baltimore,  who  settled  in  this  county  in  1848,  but  is  not 
now  living.  The  children  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  L.  Clifford  are  Car- 
rie and  Charles.  He  haV  been  School  Trustee  and  Director.  Has 
110  hives  of  bees,  and  is  a  successful  raiser  of  bees  and  producer  of 
honey.  Farmer  and  stock-raiser.  Sec.  32.  P.  O.,  Lewistown. 
Republican.      Methodist  Episcopal:   also  his  wife. 

William  H.  Cozine,  blacksmith  and  machinist  and  a  partner  of 
Mr.  L.  D.  Smith.  Mr.  C.  is  the  son  of  Garrett  and  Susan  Cozine, 
both  natives  of  Kentucky.  He  was  born  in  Indiana,  Jan.  4,  1841  ; 
was  reared  uj)on  a  farm  until  he  was  18  years  of  age,  when  he  learned 
the  blacksmith  trade,  which  occupation  he  has  continued  to  follow 
ever  since ;  came  to  Lewistown  in  1862;  was  married  in  this  city 
(luring  that  year  to  Annie  H  Hurlburt,  who  has  borne  him  8  chil- 
dren, 2  of  whom  are  living, — Charley  and  ^^'illard.  Henry  is  de- 
ceased. ^Irs.  C.  was  born  in  Lewistown  in  1844.  Mr.  C.  is  a 
member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

A.  ir.  Davis,  deceased,  was  born  in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.,  Dec.  10, 
182(1;  his  father,  Solomon  Davis,  a  farmer,  was  a  nativ(M)f  Kentucky, 
who  with  his  family  emigrated  to  Lewistown  tj).  in  1844,  and  resided 
here  until  his  death.  May  7,  1875;  he  was  a  nuMuberof  the  Christian 
Church  and  a  Democrat.  Dec.  25,  1850,  Alfred,  married  Miss  Jan- 
nette  Cleary,  daughter  of  Richard  C,  of  Ky.,  who  died  in  Iowa. 
Children — \\\\\.  H.,  managing  the  homestead  farm;  Mary  V.,  mar- 
ried and  resides  in  this  tp.  ;  Annie  E.,  Emma,  Edgar,  George,  Oliver, 
John  and  Jasper. 

James  Donaldsf»i,  farmer,  etc.,  sec.  88 ;  P.  O.,  Lewistown  ;  was 
born  in  Scotland  July  8,  1828;  followed  manufacturing  in  a  large 
dyeing  and  printing  establishment  ;  received  a  good  business  edu- 
cation ;  married  Catharine  Cathcart,  and  had  5  children,  only  Agnes 
now  living,  who  married  Wm.  Gibson  and  resides  in  New  York. 
In  1848  he  came  to  America,  settling  in  Essex  Co.,  New  Jersey,  and 
was  eini)loyed  in  Essex  Point  works  16  years.  Here  his  wife  died, 
and  he  married  Mis.-.  Jessie,  daughter  of  Charles  Shaw,  of  Scotland. 
They  have  had  0  children,  5  now  living, — JanncttcB.,  Catharine  C, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  795 

^Marion   S.,  James  and  John,  all    rcsiclinri^  in    this   tp.     Settled   in 
Fulton  Co.  8  years  ago.     Have  40  acres.     Presbyterians. 

Fi'dnldin  Dunn,  farmer,  sec.  3U;  P.  O.,  Lewistown  ;  born  in  In- 
diana in  1S,"}(),  eldest  son  now  living  of  Wm.  and  Melinda  Dunn; 
raised  at  farming;  emigrated  to  this  tp.  25  years  ago,  and  first 
worked  as  a  farm  hand  ;  now  owns  GO  acres  of  good  land  and  is 
doing  well.  He  married  Mary  Harkley,  daughter  of  Josej)h  Jiarkley. 
Has  had  3  children  ;  only  (tne  now  living.     Mr.  D.  is  a  Democrat. 

Samuel  Dura/l,  farmer,  sec.  33;  was  born  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  in 
1816.  His  father,  John  D.,  was  also  born  in  Pa.,  where  he  ibllowed 
farming;  he  married,  in  Maryland,  ^Margaret  Beatty  of  that  State, 
by  whom  he  had  5  children,  4  now  living, — (ieorge,  Amanda,  De- 
borah and  Samuel;  moved  to  Ohio  in  the  fall  of  1830,  followed 
fiirming,  and  in  1839  moved  to  I^ewistown.  Samuel  had  received  a 
good  education;  in  1850  he  bought  Mr.  Brown's  saw-mill  at  Lewis- 
town,  and  for  14years  with  Brown  t^"^  W'orley  did  a  good  business;  in 
1847-8  he  was  a  grocer;  but  for  a  number  of  years  has  followed 
farming;  owns  80  acres  here;  his  first  wife  was  Martha  Mann, 
second  Marv  Brown,  and  third  Louisa  Cam])boll  ;  had  .'>  children  by 
his  first  wife  and  6  by  his  third;  his  second  wife  lived  but  4  weeks 
after  marriage.  Children  :  David,  Edward,  James,  Irene,  Luta,  etc. 
P.  O.,  Lewistown. 

Joi^eph  DiichcH  is  the  son  of  James  and  Eleanor  (Harriet)  Dyckes. 
His  father  came  from  England  when  a  boy,  and  his  m<tther  was  a 
native  of  ^Laryland.  Joseph  was  born  in  Baltimore  Jan.  4,  1813. 
His  father  died  in  Pennsylvania  at  the  age  of  52  years  and  his 
mother  in  Cleveland,  O.,  in  1875.  Joseph  was  raised  in  Pennsylva- 
nia ;  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1837,  settled  at  Bernadotte  ;  worked  at 
the  carpenter  trade  until  1840,  when  he  was  elected  Sheritl",  and  then 
moved  to  Lewistown.  Served  three  terms  as  Sheritl'  and  two  as 
County  Clerk  and  served  in  other  offices.  He  was  married  in  1840 
to  Lucinda  Andrews,  who  bore  him  7  children,  5  living.  Mr.  D. 
has  always  been  an  active  j)olitician  and  a  Democrat. 

ir.  ScoU  jK'f/w;«r(/.s',  attorney  at  law,  was  Ixu'u  in  Ohio  in  1851. 
His  parents  were  Samuel  and  Sarah  J.  (Dodds)  Edwards,  natives  of 
Ohio,  who  came  to  this  State  in  1854,  and  settled  in  this  county, 
where  he  still  resides.  His  mother  di(>d  in  1877.  The  subj(^ct  of 
this  sketch  began  his  studies  at  Hedding  College,  Knox  Co.,  in 
1870,  and  commenced  the  study  of  law  at  (^uincy,  and  in  187()  en- 
tered the  office  of  Hon.  Thos.  A.  Boyd,  with  whom  he  is  still  con- 
nected in  his  j)rofessional  calling.  He  was  married  Dec.  24,  1878, 
to  Miss  Cora  L  Whitaker,  a  graduate  of  St.  Mary's  school  in  the 
class  of  1875,  and  d;iughter  <»f  (Jeorge  Wliitaker,  of  this  county. 

Charles  C.  Ehrcnhari,  butcher  and  proprietor  of  an  extensive 
rendering  establishment  in  Lewistown,  was  born  in  Germany  in 
1850,  came  with  parents  to  America  in  January,  18(57,  aiid  first  set- 
tled at  (ialesburg,  111. ;  at  Sheridan,  Iowa,  he  married  Eliza  Brook- 
mire,  daughter  of  Wm.  B.,  of  Germany.  Lilly  is  their  only  child, 
They  came  to  Lewistown  two  years  ago  and  are  doing  well. 


706  nisTonv  of  itlton  (-ot'xty. 

Martin  Eirhclherger,  merchant,  was  born  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa., 
Feb.  1,  181.').  Mis  parents  were  George  and  Elizabeth  (Shrciner) 
Eichelberger.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  this  county  in  the 
sj)riiiir  of  1837,  settling  in  Lcwistown  in  the  fall  of  the  same 
year,  lie  o})ene(l  the  first  saddlery  and  harness  >li(>j)  in  the  city, 
which  he  followed  five  years,  when  he  engaged  in  the  mercantile 
l)usiness,  which  he  has  since  followed.  In  1839  he  was  appointed 
Postmaster  and  served  for  13i  years,  being  also  in  other  ways 
prominently  identified  with  the  interests  of  the  county.  Aug.  29, 
1839,  he  was  married  to  Isabella  G.  Johnson,  a  native  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, by  whom  he  has  4  children, — Irene,  Julia  A.,  Edine  and 
Agnes. 

B.  M.  Eirnn,  farmer,  etc.,  on  sec.  19,  was  born  in  Newtown, 
Frederick  Co.,  Va.,  in  1819;  his  father,  Israel  Ewan,  a  wagon- 
maker,  was  a  native  of  Virginia,  who  married  ]Marv  Anderson,  also 
a  native  of  Va.  R.  M.  learned  the  same  trade,  and  has  carried  on 
a  shop  for  a  number  of  years.  In  Virginia  he  married  Caroline 
M.  Lewis,  and  they  have  had  8  children, — Lewis  E.,  AVm.  I.,  Ed- 
mond  v.,  James  T.,  Martha  C,  Chas.  M.,  Geo.  H.  and  ^larv  A". 
In  the  spring  of  1857  he  came  to  this  tp.  and  bought  a  piece  of  land, 
which  he  has  improved  ;  he  now  owns  120  acres  ;  has  been  Assessor. 
Methochst  until  recently.  Democrat:  was  Whig.  P.O.,  Lewis- 
town. 

John  Fifzhenri/,  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  .see.  23,  owning  260  acres 
of  land;  born  in  Ireland  Nov.  11,  1823  ;  came  to  America  in  1849  ; 
clerked  in  store  4  years,  but  most  of  his  life  has  followed  farming 
and  handled  stock  ;  commenced  in  America  with  but  87-3,  but  is 
now  worth  at  least  8o( ),()(»•>.  His  first  wife  was  Francis  Smith,  born 
in  Tennessee  in  1818;  they  were  married  July  7,  18o0,  and  their  6 
children  were  John  E.,  Anna  AL,  Ada  C.,  A\'illiam  C.,  Frances  A. 
and  James  (dec).  His  second  wife  was  I'hoebe  Easley,  l)orn  May 
23,  183(j,  in  this  State;  of  their  3  children  2  arc  living, — Charles 
and  Phoebe  N.     P.  O.,  I^ewistown. 

Joseph  Foofe,  lumber  merchant,  of  the  firm  of  Phelps  tt  Co.,  was 
born  in  New  Boston,  near  Horse-shoe  Bend,  O.,  in  1849,  and  son  of 
Jarcd  B.  Foote,  a  native  of  Mass.,  who  emigrated  to  the  West 
and  <licd  in  Iowa  in  IS.")].  She  subject  of  this  sketch  was  married 
in  1.S7G  to  Eliza,  daughter  of  Myron  Phelps  (»f  this  city,  with  whom 
he  was  associated  until  the  fi>rmation  of  the  existing  firm  in  187<). 

(t.  ir.  7'0/v/,  farmer,  sec.  10  ;  P.  ().,  Lcwistown.  To  Amos  and 
Margaret  Ford,  natives  of  Virginia,  ami  while  they  were  residents 
of  Pennsylvania  a  son  was  given  to  them  upon  the  14th  of  Dec, 
18,31,  who  is  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  (J.  W.  came  to  this  State 
in  18.")9,  and  settled  in  this  county.  He  was  married  in  the  Buck- 
eye State  in  18")7t<i  Elizabeth  Westman,  who  was  born  in  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1833.  Ten  children  have  been  l)orn  to  them,  3  of  whom 
have  been  taken  away  by  death,  all  in  their  infancy.  Those  living 
are,  Ettie,  Hattie,  Addie  C,  Lillie,  Arthur,  Ralph  and  Frank   D. 


t 
HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  797 

Mr.  F.  had  but  little  means  to  beo;in   with,  but  by  economv  and  in- 
dnstrv  has  afcumiihited  a  fjood  jiroperty. 

11^  ir.  Fo-r,  jcwck'r,  was  born  in  Huntintjdon  Co.,  N.  J.,  in  1835; 
moved  to  the  West  in  1849  and  engaged  at  his  ])rofession  in  Fair- 
view,  Burlington,  Towa,  and  Fairfield,  same  State,  from  which  place 
in  1858  he  wont  to  the  Rooky  Mountains,  pro'^peeting ;  he  returned 
to  his  Eastern  home  the  same  year,  thence  to  Lewistown,  where  he 
commenced  business  in  J 860.  In  1862  he  enlisted  in  lO.'JdI.  V.  I., 
Co.  H,  as  private,  was  promoted  to  Sergeant,  Orderly  and  1st  Lieut., 
and  served  3  years ;  participated  in  battles  of  Vicksburg,  Mission 
Ridsre,  Atlanta  and  with  Sherman  on  his  march  to  tlie  sea.  In  1865 
he  married  Lorena,  daughter  of  John  Deems,  and  they  have  one 
child,  Frank. 

Joseph  Gci/er  was  born  in  Germany,  Nov.  12,  1814;  learned  the 
tailor's  trade;  brought  to  America  when  very  young;  1830  he 
settled  in  this  county;  he  is  now  a  farmer  on  sec.  6,  owning  160 
acres  of  land ;  he  was  married  in  this  county  in  1834,  to  Bathsiieba 
Bierd,  who  was  born  in  Connecticut,  Aug.  9,  1806;  they  have  had 
8  children,  2  of  whom  are  now  living, — Grace  J.  and  Mary  E.  Mr. 
Geyer  is  a  member  of  tlie  Missionary  Baptist  Church. 

John  A.  Graij,  attorney  at  law;  was  born  in  Morgan  Co.,  ().,  in 
1842.  His  parents  were  Joseph  K.  and  Margaret  Gray,  who  came 
to  this  county  in  1850  and  settled  in  Putman  tp.,  where  he  engaged 
at  his  trade,  blacksiuithing.  He  sul)sequently  moved  to  Marshall 
Co.,  where  he  still  resides.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  enlisted  in 
May,  1861,  as  Corporal  in  the  17th  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  H;  was  wounded 
at  Fort  Holden,  Ky.,  confined  in  the  hospital  some  time,  and  trans- 
ferred to  the  11th  111.  Cav.,  Co.  M,  in  rank  of  2d  Sergeant ;  was  pro- 
moted to  Sergeant,  2d  Tjieutenant,  1st  Tiicutcnant  and  Captain, 
serving  until  the  close  of  the  war.  Participated  in  all  the  battles  in 
which  tlie  regiment  was  engaged.  In  1867  he  commenced  the  study 
of  law  with  Col.  Ingersoll  at  Peoria,  and  two  years  afterwards  was 
admitted  to  th(»  liar,  and  in  1870  began  pi'actice  at  Cuba,  111.  He 
moved  to  Lewistown  in  1872  and  formed  a  co-partnershij)  with 
Judge  Shope,  and  they  are  now  among  the  ablest  ])ractitioners  in 
Central  Illinois.  Mr.  G.  represented  this  county  in  the  Legislature 
in  1873-4,  served  on  the  Board  of  Supervisors  in  Putman  tp.  and 
Lewistown'.  He  was  married  in  '(i3to  Miss  lilanche  Berry,  a  native 
of  this  countv.  Two  children  are  the  fruits  of  this  marriaire, — 
Blanche  and  Lucien. 

Frank  B.  Grer/ory,  attorney  at  law;  was  born  in  Farmington,  111., 
in  1853.  Is  eldest  son  of  Dr.  John  and  Margaret  (Wilson)  Gregory, 
the  former  of  w'hom  was  born  in  Otsego  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1822,  and 
emigrated  to  the  West  in  1841,  settling  in  Farmington,  where  he  died 
in  1879.  Mrs.  G.  was  a  native  of  Conn.,  and  died  in  1861.  The 
subject  of  this  sketch  was  educated  at  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  and  be- 
gan his  studies  with  Judge  Shope  of  this  city  in  1876,  Two  years 
afterward  he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  and  began  practice  in  this  city. 

47 


798  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

He  was  married  May  8th,  1879,  to  Miss  Emma  H.,  daughter  uf 
Riley  Bristol,  of  Farmington.  Mr.  G.  enjoys  a  lucrative  practice 
and  a  host  of'  friends  throughout  the  county. 

B.  E.  Grijfif/t,  wiXiTon  manufacturer,  was  horn  in  Peru,  Peoria  Co., 
in  1852,  son  of  Michael  and  Margaret  McLaren,  natives  of  Va., 
where  his  father  died  in  1853.  Came  to  this  county  in  1854  with 
his  mother,  who  died  in  1865.  Mr.  G.  was  married  in  1876  to  ^liss 
Calista  Guernsey,  daughter  of  Wilder  and  Margaret  (Townsend) 
Guernsey,  who  settled  in  this  county  in  1844,  where  he  died  in 
1865.  Her  mother  is  still  living,  in  the  69tli  year  of  her  age.  Mrs. 
G.  opened  her  present  place  of  business  in  1877,  and  carries  a  fine 
stock  of  millinery  and  fancy  goods.  Mr.  G.  began  business  in  1872, 
and  each  is  conducting  a  fair  and  pros])erous  trade. 

Lloyd  Hum,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Baltimore,  born  in  April, 
1799;  moved  to  Pennsylvania,  where  in  1822  he  married  Susannah 
Ish,  daughter  of  Christian  Ish,  who  was  born  near  Harper's  Ferry, 
Va.,  in  1802;  went  to  Holmes  Co.,  O.,  then  to  Coshocton  Co.,  O. ; 
in  1837  moved  to  Lewistown  tp.,  this  county,  and  settled  on  80 
acres.  He  was  a  member  of  the  M.  E,  Church,  and  died  in  1864. 
Children :  Wm.  G.,  Levi,  John,  Perry,  Emerson,  Jonathan  and 
Robert   W.     The  two  last  mentioned  were  soldiers  in  the  late  war. 

Wm.  C.  Hdrrison  was  born  in  Kentucky  May  24,  1830,  son  of 
James  and  Sarah  H.,  natives  of  Virginia  ;  education  limited;  settled 
in  this  tp.  in  1850;  Oct.  12,  1854,  he  married  Eliza  Waldron,  who 
was  born  Sept.  18,  1836,  and  they  had  3  children, — Temperance, 
Sarah  E.  and  Eliza  ;  the  last  two  have  died.  Mrs.  H.  also  died,  and 
Mr.  H.  in  1863  married  Matilda  Morgan,  who  was  born  in  the 
Prairie  State  May  16,  1840.  Mr.  Harrison  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  11, 
owning  120  acres  of  land,  and  is  in  good  circumstances.     Democrat. 

John  B.  Henry  was  born  in  Lewistown,  111.,  in  1853.  His  parents 
were  Bryan  and  Anna  (Lally)  Henry,  wIk^  emigrated  to  this  State  in 
1850  anil  settled  in  this  city.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  first  en- 
gaged in  printing,  which  he  followed  until  called  to  his  present  posi- 
tion in  the  office  of  County  Clerk  in  1878.  The  same  year  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Clara  AValker,  daughter  of  S.  P.  "Walker.  She  was  born 
in  this  county  in  1857. 

John  Hilick,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  28;  P.  O.,  Lewistown; 
was  born  in  Clermont  Co.,  O.,  in  1819;  his  father,  Abraham,  was 
born  in  New  Jersey,  a  farmer,  and  one  of  the  first  settlers  of  Ohio, 
where  he  married  Ann  Gest,  of  Virginia,  and  had  9  children,  7  of 
whom  are  living.  The  siU)ject  of  this  sketch,  the  3d  child,  emi- 
grated to  Knox  Co.,  111.,  at  the  age  of  21,  and  in  1842  he  came  to 
Fulton  Co.;  in  1849  he  married  Miss  Sarah  A.  Stewart,  daughter  of 
Cornelius  Stewart,  by  whom  he  has  had  4  children  :  Cornelius,  who 
died  in  1872;  Mary  A.,  who  resides  on  the  homestead;  Laura  L., 
who  married  Thos.  More,  of  this  tp. ;  John  W.,  drowned  in  Spoon 
river.  Mr.  H.  owns  90  acres  of  land  «ind  is  out  of  debt.  Episco- 
pal Methodists.     Deniocrat, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  799 

Matthias  Hulick,  farmer,  sec,  29  ;  was  born  in  New  Jersey  in  1810. 
His  father,  John  Hulick,  was  also  a  native  ofXew  Jersey,  a  farmer, 
who  married  Anna,  dauohter  of  John  Moiuit,  by  whom  he  hatl  8 
children,  4  boys  and  4  girls,  Matthias  being  the  3d  child.  The  lat- 
ter learned  the  tailor's  trade  in  New  York  city,  emigrated  to  Ohio, 
where  he  married  Ann,  daughter  of  John  Redebaugh,  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, an  early  settler  of  Ohio,  where  Mrs.  H.  was  born.  In  Ohio 
Mr.  H.  learned  the  cooper's  trade  ;  in  1838  he  settled  on  his  present 
farm  of  80  acres — original  tract  40  acres ;  lived  in  a  log  cabin  with 
all  the  roughness  and  hardships  characteristic  of  the  times.  Mr. 
H.'s  flither  was  a  Ca])tain  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  Is  a  Demo- 
crat, and  a  memi)er  of  the  Methodist  Church,  of  which  Church  his 
wife  is  also  a  member. 

Alex.  Hull,  physician,  Lewistown  ;  was  born  in  Licking  county, 
Ohio,  Nov.  18,  1823,  son  of  Philip  and  Sarah  INIcCracken,  natives 
of  Ohio;  on  a  farm  until  20  years  of  age;  education  limited;  his 
parents  moved  with  him  to  this  State,  arriving  in  this  township  Dec. 
10,1838;  commenced  the  study  of  medicine  under  Dr.  Al)rahani 
Hull,  of  Marietta,  and  graduated  at  Rush  Medical  College,  Chicago, 
in  1850,  and  began  jiractice  at  Cuba,  continuing  there  until  1860, 
when  he  was  elected  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court;  in  1864  he  was  re- 
elected. He  is  a  Democrat.  His  parents  are  both  living,  one  mile 
from  Lewistown;  his  father  was  born  in  1795  and  his  mother  in 
1801. 

Philip  Hull,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  21;  P.  O.,  Lewistown; 
was  born  in  Virginia  in  1795;  his  father,  John  Hull,  also  a  native 
of  that  State,  married  Christina  Essex,  by  whom  he  had  14  children, 
12  of  whom  grew  up.  AVhen  Philiji  was  a  lad  the  family  emigrated 
from  the  Monouirahela  river  to  Kentuckv  :  when  a  vouny;  man  he 
went  to  Ohio,  where  he  married  Sarah  McCracken,  daughter  of 
Alex.  McC,  of  Ireland,'^vho  came  to  Pennsylvania  during  the  Rev- 
olutionary war  and  fought  for  American  independence,  and  was 
taken  prisoner  by  liord  Cornwallis.  In  1838  Mr.  Philip  Hull  settled 
in  Cass  townshij),  and  13  years  ago  he  bought  168  acres  of  land  in 
Lewistown  township,  whereon  he  resides.  He  was  in  the  war  of 
1812,  and  now  draws  a  pension.  He  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E. 
Church. 

I.  M.  Hummel,  Vice-President  of  the  Narrow-Gauge  R.  R.  Co., 
was  born  Feb.  8,  1837,  in  Fult(tn  county,  111. ;  lived  on  a  farm  until 
23  years  of  age ;  farmed  in  the  summer  and  taught  school  in  the 
winter;  in  1862  he  entered  into  partnership  with  J.  C  Willcoxen  ; 
built  a  store  house  and  depot  in  Bryant ;  was  the  first  agent  at 
Bryant  for  C,  B.  &  Q.  R.  R.  Co. ;  was  appointed  first  Postmaster 
at  Bryant ;  kept  a  general  store ;  was  extensively  engaged  in  the 
coal  trade;  in  1864  sold  out  and  went  overland  to  California  and 
Idaho;  in  1866  formed  a  partnership  with  A.  J.  Willcoxen  ;  had  a 
general  store  ;  in  1868  sold  out  and  went  to  Kansas  and  Indian  Ter- 
ritory;  in  1869  again  went  to  California  by  rail;  in  1871  moved  to 


800  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Lewistown  ;  went  into  the  lumber  business  with  J.  C.  Willeoxen  and 
continued  with  him  until  1H7();  was  one  of  four  who  built  the  opera 
house  in  Lewistown,  known  as  the  Beadles'  Bl-ifk  ;  in  1877  went 
into  partnership  with  W.  R.  Hasson  in  the  hardware  business;  con- 
tinued in  this  over  a  year;  a<rain  went  into  the  lumber  business  and 
continued  in  this  until  the  spring  of  1<S79,  when  he  sold  out  and 
was  elected  Vice  President  of  the  Fulton  N.  G.  R.  R.  Co.  Mr. 
Hummel's  father,  William,  was  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  emigrated  to 
Fulton  county  in  1830;  his  mother's  maiden  name  was  Nancy  M. 
Willeoxen,  a  native  of  North  Carolina,  who  also  came  to  Fulton 
county  in  1830.  May  27,  1873,  he  married  Viola  A.  Smith,  who 
was  born  in  Fulton  county  Dec.  3,  184.S,  and  they  have  one  child, 
Jessie  Lee,  born  Oct.  2,  1876.  The  portraits  of  Mr.  Hummel,  his 
wife,  and  little  Jessie  are  given  in  this  volume. 

George  Humphrey,  farmer,  etc.,  Lewistown,  was  born  in  Jefferson 
Co.,  O,,  in  1814,  received  a  superior  education,  and  emigrated  to  this 
county  about  1833,  stopping  in  Harris  tp.  and  working  as  a  farm 
hand.  Between  that  and  Lewistown  it  was  a  wilderness,  there  being 
but  one  house  on  the  way.  In  Ipava,  in  1841,  he  married  Virginia 
A.  Lewis,  whose  father  was  from  Rockingham  Co.,  Va.,  and  they 
had  7  children.  ^L•s.  H.  died  in  January,  1876,  and  in  1877  Mr. 
H.  married  Alice  M.  Martin,  of  New  Haven,  Ct.  In  1847  he 
moved  to  Lewistown,  and  in  1848  he  bought  a  large  tract  of  land; 
in  18o2  he  was  elected  County  Treasurer,  and  in  1854  was  re-elected  ; 
before  and  after  this  period  he  was  Deputy  County  Clerk  and  Re- 
corder and  Justice  of  the  Peace.  He  now  owns  240  acres  of  land  ; 
is  a  member  of  the  Bryant  Lodge  I.  O.  O.  F.  His  father,  John 
Humphrey,  was  born  in  ^lercersburg,  Pa.,  was  a  farmer,  and  for  7  years 
Avas  Captain  in  the  Revolutionary  war  under  Washington.  He  died 
in  Ohio  in  the  90th  year  of  his  age.  His  wife  was  Elizabeth,  nee 
McKee,  born  in  Ireland,  and  died  while  George  was  an  infant. 

G.  W.  Johnxon,  physician  and  surgeon,  was  born  in  New  York 
June  11,  1833,  son  of  Wm.  and  Elizabeth  Johnson;  was  first  a 
molder  for  12  years;  then  clerked  in  a  clothing  store  in  New  York 
citv  for  3  vears  ;  then  read  medicine  and  y;raduatcd  at  a  medical  col- 
lege;  came  to  Illinois  in  1800;  in  1867  he  married  Ellen  King, 
and  they  are  the  parents  of  3  children, — Faitha,  Sarah  E.  and  Joseph. 
The  Doctor  has  had  great  success  and  an  extensive  practice.  In 
politics  he  is  a  Democrat. 

/.  .7.  JohnMoii,  merchant,  of  the  firm  of  Eichelberger  <t  Son,  was 
born  in  Lancaster  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1837.  His  parents  were  James  and 
Julia  A.  (Graham)  Johnson,  who  came  to  the  West  in  1837  and  set- 
tled in  Lewistown,  where  his  lather  resided  until  his  death  in  1852. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  enlisted  in  1861  in  the  36th  I.  V.  I.,  Co, 
A,  was  promoted  to  Sergeant,  Lieutenant  and  Major;  from  which 
rank  he  was  mustered  out  at  the  close  of  the  war ;  he  jiarticipated 
in  all  the  liattles  in  which  that  regiment  was  engaged.  At  the  close 
^)f  the    war  he    was  employed   in   erecting  a   National  Cemetery  af 


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OF  THE 
UNIVERSITy  Of  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  803 

Richmond,  Va.,  for  which  'he  received  as  a  token  for  such  service  a 
massive  gold  watch  and  chain.  Until  recently  he  has  been  in  the 
Government  employ  and  secret  service  at  St.  Louis  and  Chicago. 
Was  elected  Mayor  of  Lewistown  in  the  spring  of  1879,  and  has 
been  engaged  in  the  present  business  for  some  years.  Was  married 
Jan.  9,  1863,  to  Miss  Amelia  Akin,  a  native  of  Rutland  Co.,  Vt., 
where  she  was  born  in  1841.  The  family  are  early  settlers  of  the 
county. 

John  Johnson,  fruit  dealer,  is  a  son  of  Samuel  and  Sarah  Johnson, 
and  was  born  in  Bucks  Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  22,  1822.  He  was  reared  upon 
a  farm,  learned  the  potter's  trade,  which  he  followed  at  intervals  until 
1860,  since  which  time  he  has  been  agent  for  the  McCune  nursery 
of  Pleasant  tp.  His  father  is  still  living  at  the  ripe  old  age  of  80. 
Mr.  J.  was  married  in  Penn.  in  1853  to  Mary  Randall,  a  native  of 
that  State,  and  was  born  in  1824.  A  family  of  4  children  has  been 
given  them, — Charles  E.,  Sarah,  Mary  and  William,  deceased. 

George  S.  King,  banker,  was  born  in  Maryland  Oct.  28,  1809, 
son  of  John  and  Ellen  King,  natives  of  the  same  State ;  when  he 
was  4  years  of  age  the  family  moved  to  Pennsylvania  ;  afterward 
they  came  to  Lewistown,  where  Mr.  King  followed  the  iron  trade 
several  years ;  then  for  some  years  he  was  in  the  real-estate  business 
in  Chicago,  and  then  in  1866  he  started  a  private  bank  in  Lewis- 
town,  which  in  1871  he  changed  into  a  national  bank,  and  is  now 
doing  a  good  business.  Mr.  King  married  in  Pennsylvania,  in 
1834,  Eliza  McDowell,  a  native  of  that  State,  born  in  1812.  They 
are  the  parents  of  12  children,  9  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  King 
w-as  once  a  member  of  the  Pennsylvania  Legislature.  Odd  Fellow. 
Presbyterian. 

John  S.  Lee,  farmer,  sec.  12,  was  born  in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.,  Nov. 
12,  1823;  came  to  Illinois  in  1846 ;  married  in  1850  Miss  Emily  J. 
Walker,  who  was  also  born  in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1823;  they  are 
the  parents  of  3  children,  one  of  whom  is  living, — William  F. 
Mr.  Lee  has  290  acres  of  excellent  land.  His  parents  were  Bar- 
ton and  Ruth  Lee,  natives  of  Maryland.  Democrat.  P.  O.,  Lew- 
istown. 

James  Tjegg,  farmer,  sec.  5 ;  P.O.,  Lewistow^n.  Mr.  L.  is  the 
son  of  Willis  and  Susanna  Legg,  both  natives  of  the  Old  Domin- 
ion. He  was  born  in  that  State  Aug.  18,  1825.  He  was  reared 
upon  a  farm,  and  except  short  intervals  spent  at  the  mason  trade, 
he  has  followed  farming  since.  He  emigrated  to  Illinois  in  1849. 
In  Ohio  he  was  married  to  Mary  JNliner  Jan.  28,  1848.  She  was 
born  in  that  State  in  1829.  To  them  has  been  given  a  family  of  13 
children,  of  whom  Sarah  E.,  Elyddi  A.,  Lucy,  William,  Lima, 
Charles  and  Rachel  are  living.  Those  deceased  are  May,  Cora, 
Nancy,  George,  Harriet  and  Maria.  Mr.  L.  has  held  the  office  of 
School  Director  for  19  years. 

George  Livingston,  deceased,  a  native  of  Ohio,  married  Sarah 
Simpson,  of  that  State,  in  1848;  the  next  year  he  settled  in  this  tp. 


804  HISTORY   OF    FUI^TOX    COUNTY. 

on  50  acres  of  laud,  and  died  in  Sept.,  1879.  He  had  11  children, 
of  whom  10  are  living.  William  was  killed  at  the  battle  of  Atlan- 
ta; Amanda,  the  eldest  of  the  children,  married  B.  Bortly  and  re- 
sides in  Ticwistown  ;  Geo.  married  Eliza  Me(ieehee,  and  resides  at 
the  old  home;  one  daughter  married  Willis  Harus  and  resides  in 
Lewistown ;  Isaac  married  Mary  A.  Ashby,  daughter  of  AVm.  Ash- 
by,  and  has  had  7  children;  he  enlisted  in  the  103d  111.  Inf.,  fought 
at  Dalton,  Mission  Ridge,  etc.  At  the  latter  he  was  wounded  in 
the  leg  and  arm  ;  Jesse  also  enlisted  in  the  same  company,  and  was 
wounded  in  the  arm;  has  since  married  Martha  Dennis;  John,  an- 
other soldier  in  the  same  company,  has  married  Roxie  Hawick; 
Sarah  married  Josiah  Bots,  of  Liverj)ool  tp. ;  Mary  married  Jona- 
than Harns  ;  Margaret  is  the  wife  of  \Vm.  Barker,  of  Liverpool  tp. ; 
Joseph,  who  married  Mary  Hunt,  resides  also  in  Liverpool  tp.  The 
estate  consists  of  110  acres;  George  and  Joseph  own  40  each. 

Thomas  Mai/,  deceased,  was  born  Oct.  22,  1818,  in  W.  Va. ;  at 
25  he  emigrated  to  this  tp. ;  married  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Ira 
Scovell ;  she  was  born  in  Havana;  at  the  time  of  marriage  he  own- 
ed 40  acres  of  land  ;  the  estate  is  now  1(35  acres;  he  was  a  member 
of  the  M.  E.  Church  from  his  IGth  year,  and  died  in  1873.  At  one 
time  was  Road  Commissioner.  He  had  7  children:  6  are  living: 
]Mary  S.,  who  married  Hadley  Geyer  and  resides  in  Lewistown  : 
Leva,  who  mari'ied  (tco.  Rigdon  and  resides  in  Yates  City  ;  Emma, 
who  married  John  McDermott,  and  resides  also  in  Yates  City ; 
Thomas  A.,  who  married  Luella  Wheeler  and  resides  in  this  county; 
James,  who  resides  on  the  farm  ;  and  Sarah  A.,  unmarried  and  at 
home. 

(It'on/c  Mayer,  eonductorof  meat  market,  was  born  in  Germany  in 
1840,  emigrated  to  America  in  1858  and  settled  in  Alleghany  Co., 
Pa.,  where  he  enlisted  in  Co.  E,  74th  P.  V.  I.,  and  served  3  years; 
partici|)atcd  in  battles  of  Btdl  Run,  Gettysburg,  Eredricksbnrg. 
Chancellorvllle,  Sulphur  Springs  and  Cross  Keys.  Was  married  in 
1865  to  Miss  Maggie  Strahlcn,  a  native  of  Germany  ;  began  busi- 
ness in  the  city  in  1871  and  for  the  past  year  has  conducted  two 
market.x,  controlling  the  bulk  of  business  in  this  line.  George, 
John,  Matthew,  Ered.  and  Jacob  are  their  living  children. 

Wilt.  M<-(o)iih,  retired  merchant,  was  born  in  Mercer  Co.,  Pa.,  in 
1807;  Robert  MeComb,  his  father,  a  native  of  Delaware,  married 
Susan  Peters,  and  had  a  fiimily  of  children.  William,  the  young- 
est but  one  of  these,  was  reared  in  Pennsylvania,  received  a  liberal 
education  at  Washington  College,  taught  school  4  years;  in  1837 
married  Susan  Peters  in  Va. ;  had  5  children,  2  now  living:  Amelia, 
who  married  Rev.  Stejihen  PIkIjjs,  and  Jennie,  who  married  Lyman 
Whittier.  In  1837  ^Ir.  and  Mrs.  M.  emigrated  to  Lewistown, 
where  he  clerked  for  Wm.  Proctor;  in  1843  he  was  Assessor;  re- 
elected in  1S47  ;  elected  Circuit  Clerk  in  1848,  which  office  he  held 
for  4  years;  from  1853  to  1860  he  was  a  merchant,  partner  of  Rob- 
ert   Campbell;  in    1863    was    enrolling    officer;  in   1870  took  the 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  805 

census.     INIr.  M.  is  a   Presbyterian   and   a   Republican.     His   two 
elder  brotiiers  were  in  the  war  of  1812. 

0.  31.  McCumber,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Lewistown.  The  parents  of  our 
subject  were  Charley  and  Huldah  McCumber,  natives  of  Kentucky. 
He  was  born  in  this  State  in  1.S40.  In  1861  he  enlisted  in  Co.  A, 
55th  111.  Inf.,  and  served  17  mo)iths ;  was  in  the  battles  of  Shiloh, 
Corinth,  etc.  In  1862  he  was  married.  His  wife,  Susanna  Mc- 
Cumber, was  born  in  Indiana  in  1847,  To  them  were  born  a 
family  of  4  children, — Harry  H.,  Charles  H.,  Chester  L.  and 
Arthur.  Mr.  McC.  came  with  his  parents  to  the  State  in  1839,  and 
belongs  to  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Jno.  R.  MeI)oice/l,  j\f.  /).,  was  born  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  in  1842, 
son  of  Reuben  R.  and  Ruth  M.  (Reynolds)  McDowell,  natives  of 
Pa.  His  father  visited  the  West  in  18;>8,  selecting  Lewistown  for 
a  home,  and  returned  with  his  family  the  following  year ;  was  one 
of  the  oldest  resident  ])hysicians  of  the  city,  a  personal  friend  of 
Stephen  A.  Douglas,  a  zealous  advocate  of  the  war,  and  warm  sup- 
j)orter  of  the  Republican  ])arty.  He  represented  this  countv  in  the 
Legislature  during  the  Mexican  war  from  1845  to  '48.  His  death 
occurred  in  this  city  in  1877.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  began 
studies  with  his  father,  and  entered  upon  two  courses  of  lectures  at 
Rush  Medical  College,  Chicago,  and  was  graduated  at  that  institu- 
tion in  1866,  associating  himself  in  ])raclice  with  his  father,  and 
he  has  since  followed  his  profession.  In  1862  he  was  ap])ointed 
hospital  steward  in  the  army,  serving  until  the  close  of  the  war. 
He  was  married  in  1866  to  Miss  Ellen  Burgett,  daughter  a£  Hiram 
Burgett,  of  this  city,  a  native  of  Vt.,  by  whom  he  has  2  chddren, — 
Charles  A.  and  (ieorge  A. 

H.  B.  McFall,  blacksmith  and  })low-maker,  settled  in  Lewistown 
in  1865;  he  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1826;  came  to  Peoria  in 
184(),  where  he  pursued  his  calling,  and  married  Mary  Ann  Wiltv. 
They  iuive  five  children  living, — Charles  W.,  Clarence  E.,  Law- 
rence B.,  Ira  PI  and  Herman  H.  Mr.  McFall  is  a  Freemason  and 
a  Republican. 

Geo.  \V.  McGrew,  sec.  29;  was  born  near  Wheeling,  W.  Va.,  in 
1850,  His  fatiier  (George)  was  born  in  Jefferson  county,  ().,  where 
he  married  Rachel  Church  and  had  7  children, — CJeorge,  Frank, 
Reson,  James  Finley,  Philena,  Margaret  and  Allie.  Philena  and 
Margaret  are  married.  The  fiimily  emigrated  to  Fulton  county, 
1 11.,  and  settled  on  the  55  acres  now  owned  by  George,  jr.,  who  grew 
to  manhood  here,  obtaining  a  liberal  education.  He  married  a 
native  of  Jefferson  county,  O.  He  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser.  P. 
O.,  Lewistown. 

Jesse  Mead,  cabinet-maker  and  undertaker,  is  a  native  of  Flngland 
and  was  born  Dec.  27^,  1816;  came  to  America  in  18:53,  and  first 
settled  in  New  Jersey,  where  he  remained  until  1841,  when  he  came 
to  Fulton  county,  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Emily  Bloomfield,  a  native  of  the  Buckeye  State,  who 


806  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

was  born  iu  1831.  To  them  6  children  were  born,  of  wlioni  5  are 
living, — Mary  J.,  Carrie,  Willie,  Alice  and  Nellie.  One  infant 
deceased. 

Jamcfi  Morgan,  farmer,  sec.  3;  P.  O.,  Lewistown.  Mr.  M.  is  the 
son  of  Daniel  and  Sarah  M.,  and  was  born  in  \'irginia  March  3, 
1810.  He  was  reared  upon  a  farm  and  has  followed  that  occupation 
throughout  life.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1831,  and  in  18o0  went 
to  California  where  he  remained  9  months.  He  has  been  twice 
married, — the  first  time  to  Betsy  Humble  in  1833.  She  was  born 
in  Ohio  in  1811,  and  died  in  1843.  There  M'ere  born  to  them  () 
children,  4  living, — Sarah,  wife  of  Aaron  Sawyer,  of  Kansas  ;  Mary, 
wife  of  Henry  Young;  Matilda,  and  Wm.  H.  Mr.  M.  was  mar- 
ried to  Mary  Murj)hy  in  1844.  She  was  born  in  Pennsvlvania  in 
1809.  They  have  4  children  ;  Rachel,  Melinda  and  Lucinda,  twins, 
and  David.  ]Mr.  M.  was  a  color-bearer  in  the  militia  in  pioneer 
times.  His  grandfather  was  a  soldier  iu  the  Revolutionarv  war,  his 
father  in  the  war  of  1812  and  he  in  the  Black  Hawk  war,  and  is  one 
of  the  very  few  veterans  now  living  who  fought  that  old  chief 

A.  P.  Afunson,  dealer  in  crockery  and  glassware,  Lewistown,  was 
born  in  New  Haven,  Conn.,  in  1843;  enlisted  in  18G2  as  Orderly 
Sergeant  in  (\).  A,  27th  Conn.  V.  I.  (New  Haven  Grays) ;  was 
promoted  2d  Lieut,  and  served  9  months;  participated  in  the  battles 
of  Fredricksburg,  Gettysburg,  and  Chancellorville,  where  he  was 
taken  prisoner,  and  confined  in  Libby  Prison  at  Richmond  3 
months;  was  exchanged  and  (confined  in  Annapolis  hospital,  from 
etiects  of  prison  life,  some  months.  At  the  close  of  the  war  he  ac- 
cepted a  position  in  the  Treasury  Dej)artment  at  A\'ashington,  and 
four  years  afterward  came  to  this  county  and  engaged  in  mercantile 
business  in  this  city,  and  in  1876  opened  his  present  place  of 
business,  where  he  is  conducting  a  pros]ierous  trade.  Was  married 
in  1866  to  Miss  Harriet  Gore,  a  native  of  N.  H. 

Walter  Painter,  farmer,  sec.  17,  was  born  in  Connecticut  March 
16,  1815;  now  owns  160  acres;  has  followed  farming  through  life; 
educatiou  fair;  came  to  this  county  in  1838;  in  1S41  was  married  to 
Ellen  Ewings,  who  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1814;  they  ar(>  the 
parents  of  6  children, — Thomas,  Mary  J.,  Steuben,  Hiram,  Nathan 
and  Margaret.  Mr.  Painter's  father  was  in  the  Revolutionary  war 
and  taken  prisoner  by  Cornwallis.     Methodist.     Rej)ul)lican. 

Win.  P((r/:i)i-'<()u,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  P.  ().,  J^ewistown  ;  was 
born  in  Jiancashirc,  Kng.,  March  23,  1826,  son  of  John  P.,  a  far- 
mer, who  married  Susanna  Mellor  and  whose  children  were  13  in 
number.  Wm.,  the  youngest,  who  grew  to  manhood  in  England, 
married  Jane  (ice,  of  Yorkshire,  and  landed  at  New  York  city 
April  4,  1<S55;  settled  '\u  Bernadotte  tp.,  finally  in  Lewistown  tp. 
Free-thinker,     (ireenbacker.     Close  reasonor. 

John  H.  Peirnol,  M.  I).,  deceased,  was  born  in  Holmes  Co.,  O., 
in  1821  ;  )?on  of  Peter  and  Sarah  (ITains)  Peirsol,  who  moved  to 
this   county   in  1836  and  settled  in  Fairview,  and    were   among  the 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  807 

early  pioneers  who  have  with  many  others  gone  to  their  h^ng  liome. 
The  subjeet  of  this  sketeh  eoninieneecl  the  study  of  ni^edieine  under 
the  tuition  of  Dr.  Geddes,  at  Fairview,  where  he  afterward  practiced 
for  some  years.  In  1848  he  was  married  at  Knoxville  to  Miss 
Eraser,  dauuhter  of  Wm.  J.  Fraser,  of  that  citv.     In  185o  he  was 

7  0  .  • 

elected  to  the  office  of  County  Clerk,  and  served  in  that  capacity  8 
years.  In  1869  was  elected  Probate  Judge,  and  re-elected  in  1873 
without  opposition,  his  labors  in  that  office  being  simply  marvelous. 
He  was  the  father  of  8  children,  (3  of  whom  lie  side  by  side  in  the 
cemetery  at  Fairview.  Anna,  wife  of  II.  F.  ITffi)rd,  and  Maggie  G. 
are  the  liviuij:  chiklreu.  He  was  an  honored  member  of  the  Masonic 
fraternity.  His  death  occurred  Feb,  17,  1876.  We  give  the  Doc- 
tor's portrait  in  this  work. 

A.  Peterson  was  born  in  New  Jersey,  and  came  to  this  county  in 
1859;  married  Jane  Weston  in  1873;  they  have  Flora  and  Katie 
as  their  children  ;  he  was  Town  Clerk  in  Waterford  tp.  Mrs.  P.'s 
father,  Samuel  Weston,  was  a  native  of  England,  where  he  married 
Mary  Lathberry  and  had  9  children  :  Thomas,  Eliza,  Isidora,  Han- 
nah, Jane,  Caroline,  Sarah  and  William,  and  one  deceased.  This 
family  emigrated  to  this  tp.  about  30  years  ago  and  accumulated 
some  property.  The  subject  of  this  biography  is  a  renter  on  sec. 
34,  and  his  P.  O.  is  Lewistown. 

Charles  Phelps,  only  son  of  Hon.  Wm.  Phelps,  of  Lewistown, 
was  born  in  this  tp, ;  married  Louisa  Pickering,  and  has  a  family  of 
children  ;  during  the  war  he  was  enrolling  officer.  Having  resided 
here  all  his  life,  Mr.  Phelps  has  witnessed  many  changes  in  the  de- 
velopment of  the  place. 

Heurij  Phelps,  merchant,  Lewistown,  son  of  Myron  and  Adaline 
(Rice)  Phel[)s.  Myron  was  born  in  Ontario  Co.,  N.  Y,,  March  17, 
1803.  His  wife  died  March  24,  1831.  His  second  marriage  was 
with  Miss  Mary  Proctor,  of  Rowley,  Mass.,  April  4,  1855.  He 
emigrated  to  the  West  in  1824  with  his  father's  family,  settling  on 
a  piece  of  land  near  Springlield,  which  he  entered.  A  small  stock 
of  goods  was  opened  in  the  neighborhood  by  some  New  York  men, 
which  was  })urchased  l)y  his  father  and  carried  by  teams  to  St. 
Louis,  thenc(!  on  keel-boats  to  the  nearest  river  point  to  Lewistown, 
where  they  were  oj)ened  for  sale  in  a  small  room.  There  were  more 
Indians  than  whites  in  the  country  at  that  time,  and  this  the  only  store 
in  the  county.  He  dealt  largely  in  furs,  traveling  on  ponies  over 
large  portions  of  Illinois,  Iowa,  and  the  valley  of  the  Cedar.  He 
was  a  great  friend  to  the  Indians,  and  many  an  old  battle-scarred 
chief  found  a  welcome  to  his  cabin  home.  Of  this  ])ioneer  we  could 
not  say  too  much.  His  business  was  characterized  by  strict  prin- 
ciple, and  at  the  opening  of  his  Christian  life  he  decided  that  one- 
tenth  of  his  income  should  be  given  to  the  Lord,  and  that,  should 
he  ever  become  worth  a  certain  sum,  he  would  therealter  give  all 
he  should  make  to  the  Lord.  He  reached  that  amount  20  years 
prior  to  his  death,  and  gave  it  all  to  the  cause  of  Christianity.     The 


808  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Presbyterian  Church  stands  as  a  monument,  in  part,  of  his  liberal- 
ity. He  died  at  his  home  in  this  city  Aug.  15,  1878.  The  subject 
of  this  sketch  was  born  in  Lewistcnvn  in  1837;  was  married  at 
Rowley,  Mass.,  in  18G1,  to  Miss  Anna  J^.  Proct(»r,  a  native  of  Essex 
Cc,  Mass.,  by  whom  he  has  2  children, — Henry  W.  and  Frederick. 
Mr,  P.  succeeded  his  father  in  business,  and  his  is  the  oldest  busi- 
ness house  in  the  county.  He  is  President  of  the  Town  Council 
and  School  Director,  and  a  jiromincnt  member  of  the  Preslivtcrian 
Church  ;  also  a  zealous  temperance  worker. 

William  Fhrlps  was  born  in  New  York  Nov.  1,  1809,  son  of 
Stephen  and  Lois  Phelps;  came  to  this  State  in  1820,  settling  in 
Sangamon  county;  to  this  county  in  1827.  Mr.  Phel])S  followed 
trading  with  tlie  Indians  out  AVest  for  20 years,  dealing  mostiv  with 
the  Pottawatomies  and  Delawarcs.  Indians  clear  to  the  Rockv 
Mountains  have  a  favorable  knowledge  of  '"  Capt.  Phelps."  (He 
was  once  Captain  of  a  steamboat.)  Keturning  to  this  countv  in 
1846,  he  continued  trading  in  the  mercantile  business  for  12 
years,  and  with  such  success  that  he  finally  accumulated  a  })ropertv 
of  2,000  acres  of  fine  farm  land,  besides  4  lots  in  town  with  fine 
dwellings;  luit  he  has  been  benevolent.  His  first  marriage  was 
March  2,  18o0,  to  Caroline  Kelsey,  who  was  born  in  New  York  in 
1812,  and  died  in  1862.  Their  o  living  children  are :  Emilv,  wife 
of  Col.  Dilworth  ;  Charles  S.  and  Julietta  T.  May  21,  1874,  Mr. 
Phelps  married  Tillie  M.  Guernsey,  who  was  born  in  New  York 
Sept.  7,  1839;  their  one  child  is  deceased.  Mr.  Phelps  has  been 
Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Su])crvisor,  and  is  a  Freemason.  His 
father  was  born  in  Vermont  and  his  mother  in  New  York.  We 
give  the  portraits  of  Capt.  Phelps  and  his  wife  in  this  work. 

Robert  Prichard,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  owning  315  acres  of  val- 
uable land,  is  the  son  of  Jordon  and  Artemisia  Prichard,  natives  of 
Pennsylvania,  and  he  was  born  in  Ohio  March  11,  1831;  familv 
came  to  Fulton  county  in  early  day,  settling  in  Liverpool  township, 
where  his  parents  died  of  cholera  in  1849;  Nov.  18,  1854,  he  mar- 
ried Rebecca  Steel,  who  was  born  March  10,  1840,  in  White  countv, 
III.  They  are  the  parents  of  4  children, — George  W.,  Alice  S., 
Peter  L.  and  Olive  A.  Alice  is  the  wife  of  Frank  Kost,  a  promi- 
nent merchant  of  Astoria.  Mr.  I^richard  is  a  Freemason,  a  Dem<v 
crat  and  has  been  Sheriff  of  Fult(»n  county  8  years  and  Dej)uty 
Sheriff  2  years.      Has  also  been  SujuTvisor. 

John  PiicLrff,  farmer,  sec.  9;  was  born  in  Indiana  Sept.  7,  1838, 
son  of  Isaiah  and  Kliza  I*.,  natives  of  Ohio;  raised  on  a  farm;  ed- 
ucation fair;  came  to  this  township  in  1S52;  attended  Lewistown 
Seminary  4  years;  commenced  teaching  about  1860,  and  has  taught 
about  17  winter  terms  ;  has  been  Assessor  2  terms  ;  makes  a  spe- 
cialty of  raising  fine  h«»rses.  Feb.  15,  1866,  in  this  State,  Mr.  P. 
married  Margaret  Lenhart,  who  was  born  Feb.  15,  1866,  in  Ohio, 
and  they  are  the  parents  of  5  children, — Delia  E.,  Marv  J.,  J.  H., 
Wm.  F.'  and  Hattie  M. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  800 

Wil/idm  Proctor,  floocased,  died  at  Tjcwistown  Jan.  24,  1(S79  ;  was 
born  in  Dunstable,  Mass.,  Oct.  1."},  ITDo;  his  father  Gershoni  Proc- 
tor was  a  soldier  of  the  Revolution  and  he  himself  enlisted  in  the 
war  of  1812.  He  made  a  triji  West  in  1817  and  came  to  Illinois  in 
1818,  and  in  1820  moved  to  Sangamon  eouuty.  In  1824  he  mar- 
ried Mrs.  Laura  Warner,  <laui>;htei-  of  .[udo:e  Stephen  I^helps,  of 
Lewistown.  She  died  in  Lewistown  Aug.  ."H,  18G4.  Mr.  V.  was 
a  tanner  by  occupation.  In  June,  1828,  he  moved  to  Lewistown 
where  he  lived  till  his  death.  For  60  years  he  was  a  resident  of  Illi- 
nois and  for  oO  years  of  Fulton  county.  lie  was  a  great  student 
and  was  well  posted  on  all  questions  of  the  day.  He  made  a  j)ro- 
fcssion  of  his  faith  in  Christ  in  1813  and  was  a  consistent  member 
of  the  Congregational  Church  and  afterwards  the  Presbyterian  for 
G")  years.  He  was  one  of  the  few  who  organized  the  1st  Presbyterian 
Church  of  Springfield.  He  was  one  of  the  (3  members  of  the  first 
Presbyterian  Church  organized  in  this  county,  which  was  in  Sept., 
1828;  he  and  Deacon  Nathan  Jones  were  elected  Elders.  Mrs. 
R.  B.  Stevenson  and  J.  W.  Proctor,  both  of  Canton,  are  the  children 
he  left. 

Jdiiic.s  II.  RiinddU  was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  Ivy.,  Nov.  27,  1815. 
His  parents  were  Wm.  and  Mary  (Beadles)  R^indall.  His  father 
was  from  New  York  and  mother  from  Virginia.  Thev  went  to 
Ky.  in  an  early  day  and  were  married  there,  and  soon  after  moved 
to  Missouri,  and  to  Fulton  Co.  about  LSoO^  where  they  died — his 
father  at  the  age  of  88  and  his  mother  at  the  age  of  71.  Our  subject 
was  married  to  Sarah  A.  Hull  >Lirch  22,  1839.  She  was  born  in 
Licking  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  25,  1823.  Ten  children  have  been  born  to 
them,  of  whom  2  bovs  and  3  girls  are  living;  Nancy,  born  Dec  15, 
1841;  Ludage,  Oct.* 9,  1847  ;'  Matilda,  Jan.  15,  18o0;  J^hilip,  Oct. 
31,  1854,  and  Alexander,  Jan.  21,  1857.  Mr.  R.  was  raised  upon  a 
farm,  and  he  followed  farming  till  1857,  when  he  engaged  in  the  mer- 
cantile business,  which  he  followed  for  12  years,  when  he  retired 
from  that  and  has  engaged  in  speculating  since.  He  is  one  of  the 
solid  men  of  Lewistown. 

Oliver  Rice,  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  sec.  23;  P.  ().,  Lewistown. 
Mr.  R.  was  born  in  this  county,  and  is  a  son  of  A.  and  Martha  C. 
Rice,  natives  of  the  old  Bay  State.  They  came  to  this  county  as 
early  as  1831:  hence  truly  |)ioneers.  Oliver  was  married  in  this 
county  Oct.  1,  1873,  to  Alia  M.  Burgett,  who  was  born  Aug.  12, 
1852.  Henry  and  Mary  are  the  names  of  their  two  children.  Mi-. 
R.  has  held  many  of  the  local  offices  and  is  a  man  of  good  business 
tact.     He  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

Col.  Lewis  W.  Boss,  lawver,  was  born  in  New  York  Dec.  8,  1812. 
son  of  Ossian  M.  and  Mary  Ross,  the  former  of  New  York  and  the 
latter  of  N.  J.;  in  1821  they  settled  in  Madison  Co.,  for  one  year, 
then  came  to  Fulton  Co.  L.  W.  attended  college  .')  vears,  studied 
law  and  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  1837  ;  was  elected  to  the  Legis- 
lature in  1840  and  1844,  and  to  Congress  1863-9;  he  was  a  Colonel 


810  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

in  the  Mexican  war.  June  13,  1839,  he  married  Frances  M.  Simms, 
who  was  born  in  Virginia  July  18,  1821  ;  of  their  12  children  G  are 
living, — John  W.,  Lewis  C,  Frank  R,,  Pike  C,  J'anny  W.,  and 
Jennie.  John  W.  is  practicing  law  in  Washington  city.  Col.  Ross 
is  a  Freemason  and  Odd  Fellow,  and  has  ever  been  one  of  the  most 
influential  citizens  of  this  countv.     Owns  ."J.OOO  acres  of  land. 

J.  W.  lioafson,  proprietor  of  saw-mill,  was  born  in  Columbiana 
Co.,  O.,  in  1833;  came  to  this  Co.  in  June,  1855,  and  engaged  in 
farming.  For  the  past  five  years  has  been  extensively  engaged  in 
turning  out  railroad  ties,  in  which  he  has  a  large  trade.  AVas  mar- 
ried in  1856  to  Miss  Lucinda  Marandillc,  a  native  of  this  Co.  He 
is  the  father  of  G  children, — Emmet  E.,  A.  W.,  L.  F.,  H.  N.,  Mary 
E.  and  J.  AV.     His  farm  of  291  acres  is  still  his  home. 

Jacob  Schoonover,  farmer,  sec.  3,  Lewistown  tp. ;  P.  O.,  Bryant ; 
was  born  in  Pennsylvania  Oct.  5,  1833.  His  parents,  Dennis  and 
Mary  Ann  (Wise)  Schoonover,  are  both  deceased.  Mr.  S.  came  to 
this  county  in  18G5  and  has  lived  here  since.  He  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Mary  Ann  Shaw  at  Havana,  111.,  in  1865.  They  have 
a  family  of  G  children, — Wilson  E.,  Ida  Catharine,  Sidney  M., 
Cobert  Sherman,  Marcus  Henry,  Calvin  H.  and  John  Alvia. 

Ira  Scored,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  30 ;  P.  O.,  Lewistown  : 
was  born  in  Canandaigua  Co.,  X.  Y .,  March  4,  1797  ;  in  his  youth 
the  family  emigrated  to  Ohio,  near  its  Avestern  boundary  line; 
learned  a  trade  in  Lidiana  ;  in  his  17th  year  he  went  to  New  Orleans 
and  fought  under  Gen.  Jackson  ;  then  went  to  the  State  of  Missis- 
sippi; in  181G  he  came  to  Illinois  ("Northwestern  Territory  "  then) 
and  settled  35  miles  below  St.  Louis  in  what  is  now  Monroe  Co. ; 
Indians  were  |)lentiful,  friemlly  at  first,  but  afterward  hostile.  In 
1818  he  married  Marv,  dauirhter  of  John  Crislev,  of  Germanv. 
This  lady  came  to  this  Territory  in  1804,  and  is  consequently  the 
oldest  settler, — possibly  the  oldest  in  the  State.  In  1(S24  Mr.  S. 
established  the  first  ferry  at  Havana,  and  in  company  with  Ossian 
M.  Ross  he  conducted  it  fi)r  several  years.  The  second  log  build- 
ing in  Havana  was  built  by  Mr.  Scovell  in  1827.  He  moved  to 
Lewistown,  rented  a  farm  of  Mr.  Ross  for  two  years,  and  then 
bought  40  acres,  whereon  he  I)uilt  a  cabin.  He  broke  the  first  prai- 
rie in  this  township  and  hauled  the  first  goods  for  Phelps'  store. 
At  this  time  there  were  but  3  or  4  cabins  in  Lewistown.  Jnlv  4th 
was  celebrated  with  a  great  dinner,  public  speaking  and  a  military 
muster.  In  1830  he  was  Road  Commissioner  for  the  county.  Mr. 
S.  saw  the  first  steamboat  that  ever  ran  uj)  the  Mississippi  river. 
Many  long  years  have  gone  by  since  then,  l)ut  both  Mr.  and  Mrs. 
Scovell  have  vivid  recollections  of  those  early  scenes. 

Thomas  Scored  was  born  in  this  county  in  1835;  in  1857  he  mar- 
ried Magdalena  Littlejohn,  by  whom  he  has  had  3  children, — Sarah 
E.,  Mary  J.  and  Emma  D.  ^h-.  S.  owns  288  acres  of  land.  In 
1833  he  started  with  his  father  overland  for  California,  in  Capt. 
Meek's  company,  and  suffered  many  privations,  subsisting  on  dried 


f7y7??€^ 


LEWISTOWN 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  813 

beef  alone  for  weeks  together.  Thomas  left  hoiuc  at  IT  and  trav- 
eled over  the  world  considerably.  In  18")")  he  was  Captain  of  a 
company  of  100  intMi,  and  his  liorse  was  kiUcd  nndcr  liini.  In  his 
butcher  shoj)  in  CaHluiMiia  lie  kiUcd  a  chief. 

Jacob  Shairrcr  was  horn  in  l'enn.sylvania  in  1S04;  was  brought 
up  on  a  fai'ui  and  f  )Ilowcd  agricultural  pursuits  through  life,  and 
handled  much  stock.  He  died  in  1<S74,  leaving  to  his  family  a  fine 
farm.  He  was  married  to  Hannah  Bearce,  a  native  of  New  York. 
Elleven  children  were  born  to  them.  Those  living  are  Sarah,  Eliza- 
beth, Wesley,  Sophia,  George  and  Henry.  Tiiose  deceased  are 
Frank  and  3  infants.  Mr.  S.  was  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 
He  came  to  the  State  in  1837. 

Fnink  S/icefx,  farmer,  sec.  20 j  P.  ().,  I-iewistown  ;  was  born  in 
Cass  tp.,  this  county,  in  1855;  in  1877  he  nuirried  Laura  DeFord, 
daughter  of  Jos.  DeFord,  of  Bernadotte  tp. ;  Charles  F.  is  their 
onlv  otls|)ring.  jNIr.  Sheets  has  120  acres  of  land.  His  father, 
John  W.,  was  born  in  Virginia,  wiio  married  a  Miss  Larch,  and 
emiurated  to  this  countv  in  an  earlv  dav.     Mr.  Sheets  is  a  Democrat. 

Hon.  Simeon  P.  >Shope,  Judge  of  this  Judicial  Circuit,  was  born 
in  Ohio  D(Y'.  3,  1835,  son  of  S.  P.  and  Lucinda  Shope,  natives  of 
Pennsylvania;  education  fiir;  at  the  age  of  15,  commenced  teach- 
ing school;  taught  tiiree  winters,  six  months  each;  in  1855  com- 
menced the  study  of  law;  admitted  to  the  Bar  in  185(),  ihe  same 
year  he  settled  in  Lewistown ;  he  was  elected  to  the  Ley;islature 
in  1802,  and  was  re-elected.  He  was  elected  Circuit  Judge  in  1877, 
and  in  1879  was  re-elected.  Nov.  14,  1847,  in  this  State,  he  mar- 
ried Sarah  M.  Jones,  daughter  of  Wesley  and  Fli/a  Jones,  natives 
of  Ohio;  she  was  born  Nov.  3,  1839;  their  children  are  Clara  A., 
Charles  E.  and  Claude  W.  The  Judge  started  in  life  with  but  lit- 
tle means,  but  now  has  300  acres  of  fine  farm  land,  20  lots  in  Lew- 
istown and  a  fine  residence. 

James  W.  *S^Hmn.s,  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  sec.  17  ;  1*.  ().,  Lew- 
istown ;  was  born  in  Virginia  July  31,  1815,  son  of  Isaac  and 
Nancy  Simms,  natives  of  Virginia  ;  came  to  Fulton  county  in  1830  ; 
Aug.  10,  1837,  he  married  Louisa  J.  Simms,  who  was  born  in  Madi- 
son Co.,  A^a.,  Dec.  1,  1820,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  11  children: 
Amelia,  wife  of  Jacob  Chrisman  ;  ^larv,  wife  of  William  Walker; 
Sarah;  Julia,  wife  of  William  Allen;  James,  William,  Charles, 
Tommy,  Hattie,  and  two  deceased, —  Isaac  and  Thomas.  Mr.  S. 
owns  530  acres  of  excellent  land.  He  has  been  Road  Commissioner 
2  terms  and  Supervisor  5  terms.  ' 

Aaron  Smith,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  I^cwistown  ;  was  born  in 
Ohio  in  1820;  was  brought  to  Illinois  when  voung.  In  1851  he 
nuirried  Almira  Austin,  who  was  horn  in  Illinois  in  1825,  and  they 
have  had  8  children:  Rachel,  wife  of  James  Woodward,  this  tp. ; 
Mary,  wife  of  \Vm.  S.  Jones;  Henry  J.,  Betsey,  Thomas  and 
Franklin  ;  deceased — Isabel  and  James  L.  Mr.  Smith  owns  200 
acres  of  good  land  and  is  a  Republican. 


814  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

I 

L.  D.  Sinifh,  of  the  firm  of  Sniitli  ct  Cozino,  Ijlacksmiths  and 
niachinifits,  Lewistown,  is  the  son  of  Jacob  and  Matilda  Smith,  and 
Avas  born  in  Ohio  Sept.  3,  1849,  and  was  bronght  to  this  county  the 
same  year.  At  the  age  of  lo  he  began  to  learn  engineering.  At 
present  he  is  working  in  a  machine  shop,  re])airing  machines  of  all 
kinds.  He  was  married  in  this  county  in  1H75  to  Almeda  Esk- 
ridge,  who  was  born  in  this  comnty  in  ISol.  They  are  the  par- 
ents of  2  children  :  Maggie  Ij.  and  Maude  F.  Mr.  S.  is  a  member 
of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Wm.  M.  >Standanl  was  born  in  Johnson  Co.,  111.,  Feb.  10,  1822, 
sou  of  Thomas  and  Masa  (West)  Standard,  natives  of  X.  C. ;  the 
family  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1829,  settling  in  Joshua  tp,,  where  Mr. 
S.  died  in  1877.  W  m.  M.  was  brought  up  on  a  farm;  In  1856  he 
was  elected  Sheriff  and  served  2  years.  In  1862  he  enlisted  in  Co. 
A,  10.3d  111.  Inf.,  as  1st  Sergt.,  and  promoted  Lieutenant ;  mustered 
out  in  I860,  and  returned  to  Lewistown,  where  he  has  since  been 
hotel-keeper;  the  hotel  was  built  by  a  stock  company  in  1850.  Has 
been  Justice  of  the  Peace  and  Police  Magistrate  in  Lewistown. 
April  28,  1.S46,  in  Canton  tp.,  Mr.  S.  married  Jane  Ellis,  daughter 
of  Isaac  Ellis;  of  their  6  children  4  are  living, — George,  Perry,  Al- 
mira  and  Frank.  Hattie  and  Johnnie  are  deceased.  Isaac  Elllis' 
wife  was  Nancy  Jennings,  of  Tennessee,  and  she  is  now  a  widow, 
very  aged,  and  lives  near  Canton. 

T.  F.  tStaJford,  grocer  and  baker,  was  born  in  England  in  1831, 
and  was  brought  to  America  in  1841,  the  family  settling  near  L'tica, 
N.  Y.,  where  he  lived  until  1845,  at  which  time  he  moved  to  Pitts- 
burg, Pa.,  thence  to  McDonough  Co.,  111. ;  where  in  1856  he  was 
married  to  Miss  Mary  A.  Nichols,  a  native  of  England.  With  but 
little  money  he  came  to  Lewistown  in  1862,  where  he  has  since  been 
engaged  in  his  present  business,  and  by  his  indomitable  will  and 
perseverance  has  accumulated  a  property  and  now  enjoys  a  prosper- 
ous trade. 

W.  C.  >>'afo}i,  wagon  m  inuficturer,  born  in  Adams  Co.,  Ky.,  in 
1834.  His  parents  were  Hc.-uben  and  Maria  (Austin)  Staton,  na- 
tives of  that  State,  where  they  died.  Mr.  S.  came  to  this  county  in 
1857  and  settled  in  this  city,  where  he  has  since  been  successfully 
engaged  at  his  trade.  Was  married  in  1854  to  Miss  Eliza  Bennett, 
a  native  of  Ky.  Have  1  child,  Charles.  Mr.  S.  was  elected  Alder- 
man in  the  spring  of  1879,  and  gave  his  service  to  the  country  in 
1862,  eidisting  as  a  Corporal  in  l()3d  I.  V.  I.,  Co.  A,  and  served 
about  3  years;  participated  in  battles  of  Vicksburg,  Mission  Ridge, 
Kencsaw  Mountain,  and  with  SJKM'man  in  his  march  to  the  sea. 

JI.  P.  Stipjj,  physician  and  surgeon,  was  born  in  this  State  Sept. 
19,  1852,  son  of  James  H.  and  Maria  L.  Stipp,  pioneers  in  this 
county ;  brought  up  on  a  farm  ;  commenced  medical  studies  at  the 
age  of  20;  graduated  in  1.S76  at  a  homeopathic  college  in  St.  Louis, 
since  which  time  he  has  practiced  here  in  Lewistown,  enjoying  a  large 
patronage. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  815 

James  H.  Stipp  was  born  in  Champaign  Co.,  O.,  Jan.  .'3,  1817. 
He  is  the  son  of  Peter  and  Elizabeth  (Harrison)  Slipp,  natives  of 
Va.  and  Ky.,  respoctivoly.  Mr.  S.  was  reared  in  Ohio,  and  came 
to  Canton  Feb.  10,  '37,  and  onga<;ed  as  salesman  for  Shinn  c^-  Vittnni- 
then  for  1).  W.  Vittum,  nntil  Nov., '39,  he  eno^ativd  in  the  niert-an- 
tile  business  for  himself;  was  burned  out  Feb.  "22,  1840;  removed  to 
Rochester,  Peoria  Co.,  but  soon  returned  to  Canton.  He  then  en- 
gaged as  clerk  for  (Iraham  «.t  S(;hneider.  In  1841  began  business  for 
himself  and  soon  after  with  Stipp  &  Maple.  Then  ho  continued 
ah)ne  till'o^,  when  1^^  took  in  J.  H.  Bass,  to  whom  he  sold  in  'o4 ; 
was  elected  County  Clerk  in  1869;  moved  to  Kansas  after  expira- 
tion of  term  and  returned  to  Lewistown  Jan.,  '79.  Married  Sept. 
16,  '42  to  Maria  Bass,  of  Canton  ;  they  have  8  children. 

Moi^es  Turner,  cashier  of  the  1st  National  Bank,  Lewistown,  was 
born  in  Illinois  Jan  3,  1840,  son  of  Nathan  and  Rachel  Turner,  the 
former  a  native  of  Kentucky  and  the  latter  of  Ohio  ;  education  fair; 
entered  the  bank  as  clerk  at  the  age  of  18,  which  position  he  filled  for 
several  years,  and  then  was  promoted  to  the  position  of  cashier,  which 
plac3  he  still  h  )lds.  In  18f)2  h,'  m  irried  Priscilla  R.-isinger,  who 
was  born  in  Ohio  in  1842;  they  had  one  child,  Lillie,  and  she  died 
in  1868;  in  1869  he  married  Frances  Prichard.  who  was  born  in 
Illinois  in  1844.  Nellie  and  Arthur  are  their  children.  Republi- 
can. 

H.  F.  Ufford,  dealer  in  clothing  and  gents'  furnishing  goods,  was 
born  in  Oneida  county,  N.  Y.,  in  1827,  and  emigrated  to  Ft. 
Wayne,  Ind.,  in  1848,  where  he  resided  until  his  coming  to  this 
county  in  1856.  Two  years  afterward  he  engaged  with  ]\Ir.  l^helps 
in  the  dry -goods  business,  with  whom  he  remained  until  1871,  when 
he  ventured  in  the  clothing  trade,  which  he  has  carried  on  success- 
fully to  the  present  day.  He  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Sarah 
(xray,  a  native  of  Indiana,  in  1851,  and  is  the  happy  father  of  eight 
living  children, —  DeW'itt  C,  Hutoka,  Judson,  Bessie,  J5irdie, 
Ralph,  Leroy  and  Cash. 

David  J.  WfUfgonery  ex-Sheriff  of  Fulton  county,  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania  August  22,  1822,  son  of  Andrew  and  Lucinda  W. ; 
was  on  a  farm  until  he  was  15  years  old;  learned  chair-making  and 
house-[)ainting ;  in  1846  he  settled  in  Lewistown,  when  he  was 
elected  Sheriff,  and  served  with  signal  ability  until  1850;  at  the 
commencement  of  the  war  he  organized  Co.  G  at  his  own  expense, 
and  was  a]>pointed  Major  of  the  regiment  ;  after  the  close  of  the 
war  he  returned  to  Lewistown,  and  served  as  Sheriff'  for  six 
years.  He  married,  in  1845,  in  (ireenc  county,  Pa.,  Miss  Rebecca 
Darrak,  who  was  born  Sept.  21,  1X22,  and  they  have  had  6  children, 
5  of  whom  are  living, — James  I),;  FHzabeth,  wife  of  Wm.  Shafer, 
of  Astoria;  Harry  ^1.;  Don  M.  and  Fred.  Freemason.  Odd 
Fellow,  and  Democrat. 

Charles  Walker,  farmer,  etc.,  sec  32;  was  born  in  Fayette  county, 
O.,  Feb.   14,  1826;  the  family  emigrated  to  this  county  in    1839, 


81G  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

where  Charles  grew  up  without  the  advantges  of  schools,  and  mar- 
ried Xancy  Stever.  Alice  8.  and  Sarah  A.  are  their  two  children 
living.  Mr.  W.  now  owns  200  acres  of  land  whereon  he  has  earned 
his  livelihood,  made  improvements,  etc.,  by  his  own  hard  work. 
His  father,  Henry  Walker,  Avas  born  in  Ross  county,  O. ;  a  farmer; 
married  P^lizabeth  Short  and  had  4  children, — Charles,  Emily, 
Milton  and  Alice.  Mr.  Henry  Walker's  second  wife  was  Hannah, 
nee  Eyeman,  a  native  of  Ohio.  Chas.  Walker's  grandfather  was  a 
soldier  in  the  Kevolutionary  war  seven  years.  Henry  Walker 
moved  to  Illinois  in  ]<S39,  settling  in  Isabel  township,  where  he 
bought  160  acres  of  land,  but  he  died  leaving  900  acres  to  his  heirs. 

Xcirfon  ]V((ll:e)',  farmer,  sec.  22  ;  P.  (),,  Lewistown  ;  was  born  in 
Madison  county,  Va.,  in  1803;  son  of  Merry  and  Elizabeth  (Kirt- 
ley)  Walker,  natives  of  Virginia,  where  his  father  died  in  1811; 
came  to  this  county  with  his  mother  in  1835,  traveling  60  days  in 
a  wagon  and  reaching  this  city,  where  he  settled  in  the  fall  of  1835; 
four  years  afterward  he  settled  on  his  present  estate  of  100  acres, 
which  was  patent  land  at  that  time  and  owned  by  Ossian  ]\I.  Ross; 
it  was  on  this  elevated  spot  that  Ross  first  built  a  rude  hut  and  after- 
ward erected  a  log  house  which  was  for  a  few  years  occupied  by 
Major  Walker,  but  has  given  ])lace  to  his  present  commodious  dwel- 
ling. He  was  married  in  1834  to  Eliza  A.  Simms,  daughter  of  Reu- 
ben C.  Sirams,  who  emigrated  from  Virginia  in  1835,  settling  in  this 
city,  where  he  died  in  1847.  In  1837  Mr.  W.  was  Commissioner  of 
Fulton  county,  and  represented  this  county  in  the  Legislature  of 
1838-9  ;  also  served  as  Supervisor  one  or  two  terms,  and  identified 
himself  with  the  interests  of  the  county.  He  drew  the  jilans  for 
and  erected  the  court-house  in  1838,  and  ranks  among  the  early 
pioneers.  He  was  appointed  Major  under  the  old  military  laws  of 
Virginia,  and  is  recognized  by  that  title.  He  is  the  father  of  4 
children:  Mollie,  wife  of  Mr.  Harris;  Henrietta,  Robert  and 
Amelia,  wife  of  Dr.  Talbot. 

/.  31.  Wallace,  druggist,  Lewistown,  was  born  in  Clay  county, 
Ind.,  in  1846.  His  j)arents  were  E.  G.  and  Isabel  Wallace.  The 
fiunily  canui  t(»  the  West  in  1850  and  settled  in  Knoxville,  and  the 
following  year  moved  to  Mahaska  county,  Iowa,  where  they  resided 
three  years.  In  1855  they  settled  in  lud  Wing,  Minn.  Three 
years  afterward  they  returned  to  ^Marietta  in  this  county,  and  in  the 
sj)ring  of  1874  moved  to  this  city,  where  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
practiced  dentistry  for  two  years,  when  he  opened  his  present  place 
of  business,  where  he  has  since  continued  in  the  enjoyment  of  a 
prosperous  trade.  In  1867  he  was  married  to  INIiss  J.  R.  Hobbs,  a 
native  of  this  countv.     Thev  have  one  child, — Zulinc. 

Jamcx  Wdthi))^,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  32  ;  P.  O.,  Lewis- 
town ;  born  in  Indiana  in  1824;  his  father,  James  W.,  was  born  in 
Kentucky,  where  he  married  Christiana  Snarmse,  by  whom  he  had 
12  children,  James,  jr.,  being  the  3d;  the  latter  was  in  his  3d  year 
when  the  family  settled  in  Menard  Co.,  111.,  where  he  subsequently 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  817 

married  a  daughter  of  Thos.  Whitely,  of  Ky.,  and  they  have  had 
11  chiklren,4  now  living.  His  first  wife  died,  and  in  1871  he  mar- 
ried Mrs.  Nancy  Butler,  widow  of  T.  J.  Butler,  of  Kerton  tp. 
Mr.  W.  served  in  the  Mexican  war  and  was  honorablv  di^charwd 
at  Metamoras.  He  moved  from  INIenard  to  INIason  county,  tauijht 
school  and  followed  farming  until  185(),  when  he  moved  to  this 
county  and  some  time  afterward  bought  the  80-acre  tract  on  which 
he  now  lives.  Was  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  Mason  Co.,  and  School 
Director  in  this  county.     Old  Scliool  Bajitists.     Democrat. 

FcrdliKDU^  ]Vcir((ther,  sec.  6;  I*.  ().,  Lewistown  ;  born  in  Germany 
Jan.  1,  1825;  has  always  been  a  farmer,  working  at  times,  however, 
at  cabinet-making;  came  to  Illinois  in  184f>,  spent  9  months  in 
Peoria  in  185G,  then  came  to  this  place;  he  married  in  Ncav  York 
city,  in  1850,  a  lady  who  was  born  in  Germany  in  18o0;  they 
have  10  children, — F.  \\.,  Edward,  Henson,  Amelia,  Charles, 
IVIary,  Ida,  George,  Sidney  and  Henry  F.  Baptist.  Has  been 
School  Director. 

/.  C.  Wi/lco.ven  \vas  born  in  Fstill  Co.,  Ky.,  in  1829;  his  parents 
were  Elijah  and  Charlotte  (Calloway),  natives  of  N.  C,  who  emi- 
grated to  this  Co.  in  1830  and  settled  in  Liverpool  tp.,  where  he 
died  in  18G0.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  this  city  in  1869 
and  became  identified  with  the  banking  interests  of  the  city,  of 
which  he  is  an  officer  at  the  ])resent  time.  Has  for  vears  lieen  ex- 
tensively engaged  in  cutting  and  furnishing  railroad  timbers  through- 
out the  country.  Perhaps  no  man  in  the  community  has  done  more 
for  the  advancement  of  the  business  interests  of  the  city  than  Mr. 
AV.  He  has  an  interest  in  the  Beadles'  block,  the  M'oolen  mill,  and 
two  stores,  besides  working  about  5,000  acres  of  land  in  various 
sections,  being  the  largest  land  owner  in  the  county.  In  1851  he 
was  married  to  Miss  Clarissa  Putman,  a  native  of  this  Co.,  who 
died  July  8,  1877,  leaving  6  children, — Alice  A.,  Lewis  K.,  Henry 
C,  Laura  X.,  ^lary  C.  and  Oliver  L.  In  Sept.,  1879,  he  married 
Miss  Mary  Alice  Hare.  We  present  the  portrait  of  Mr.  W.  in 
this  volume. 

L.  K.  Tr//fco.cew,  son  of  preceding,  farmer,  sec.  27,  was  born  in  Liv- 
erpool tp.,  this  county,  in  1855.  This  young  and  enter[)rising  agri- 
culturist and  stock-raiser  now  has  270  acres  of  land  in  this  tp.  In 
1877  he  married  Alice  Baughman,  daughter  of  Harry  W.  B.,  of 
this  city. 

A.  Wif/lson,  saddler  and  harness-maker,  T^ewistown,  was  born  in 
Bradford  Co.,  Pa.,  in  18;')!  ;  his  parents  were  Anion  and  Marv  Wil- 
lisou,  who  settled  in  Ohio,  where  he  died  in  1837.  His  widow, 
with  children,  came  to  this  county  in  1856  and  settled  in  this  city, 
where  she  died  in  1874.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  enlisted  in  the 
spring  of  1861  as  1st.  Ijieutanant  in  Co.  H,  17th  I.  V.  I.,  served 
one  year;  and  in  rank  of  Ca|)tain  recruited  Co.  A,  103d  Regt.,  in 
which  he  served  until  the  close  of  the  war ;  participated  in  the  battles 
of  Ft.  Donelson,  where  he  received  a  slight  wound,  Vicksburg,  Black 

48 


818  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

River  aiul  Resaca,  where  a  niiiue  l)all  ])a>!«((l  tliroiitrli  liis  leg  while 
ill  coimnaiul  of  the  regiment;  at  Mission  Ridge,  while  in  eomniand 
of  the  advauee  line,  a  shell  pierced  his  hat,  just  grazing  the  skull. 
His  horse  was  shot  under  him  while  in  this  charge,  yet  the  troops 
fought  nobly.  At  Pittsburg  I^anding  his  life  was  again  preserved 
by  a  watch,  which  was  a  target  for  the  minie  ])all.  He  was  elected 
Major  of  the  regiment  and  commissioned  Lieutenant  CVdoncl,  in 
which  rank  he  followed  Sherman  in  his  march  to  the  sea.  He  was 
married  in  1853  to  Miss  Catherine  CVmley,  a  native  of  X.  Y.  State, 
who  died  in  I^ewistown  in  18G7.  His  present  wife,  Mary,  nee 
Clark,  is  a  native  of  this  city,  by  whom  he  has  '2  children, — Nellie 
and  Augusta.  Mr.  W.  has  been  engaged  in  saddlery  and  harness 
business  since  the  close  of  the  war,  and  in  1875  opened  a  livery 
stable  and  is  conducting  a  good  business. 

Wesleif  Wil/ison,  proprietor  of  Willison  House,  Lewistown,  was 
born  in  Perry  Co.,  C,  in  1833,  son  of  Anion  and  Mary  Willison, 
natives  of  Maryland,  who  emigrated  to  Ohio,  where  he  died  in 
1837.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  came  to  this  county  in  1856  and 
settled  in  this  city,  where  his  mother  died  in  1874.  He  first  became 
prominent  as  a  hotel-keeper  in  the  Old  Centennial,  and  afterward 
ran  the  Central  House  one  year.  In  March,  1879,  he  ]nirchased  the 
hotel  which  was  known  as  the  Beet  House  and  christened  it  after 
his  own  name.  He  also  keeps  a  general  stock  of  groceries,  and 
enjoys  a  large  patronage  in  l)oth  branches  of  business.  He  was 
married  in  1854  to  Miss  Sarah  A.  Long,  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  is 
the  father  of  3  children, — Olive  A.,  Abraham  L.  H.  and  Charles  H. 

John  S.  Winter,  lawyer,  was  born  in  Mason  Co..  Ky..  July  8, 
1826,  son  of  John  and  Margaret  (Livingston)  Winter,  natives  of 
Maryland  ;  was  educated  at  Miami  University,  Oxford,  O.,  and  for 
;i  time  was  engaged  in  the  Journal  office  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  and  be- 
gan the  study  of  law  at  Little  Rock,  Ark.,  in  the  office  of  Albert 
Pike  and  Senator  Garland  of  that  State.  Three  years  later  he  be- 
gan practice  in  Chicot  Co.,  Ark.,  and  in  1863  removed  to  Lewis- 
town,  where  he  has  since  been  successfully  engaged.  Was  married 
Nov.  24,  1856,  to  Miss  Eliza  Johnson,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania 
and  a  graduate  of  the  Jacksonville  University.  She  died  Aug.  14, 
1867,  leaving  4  children, — I^izzic,  Louvie,  Willie  and  Mamie. 

TOWNSHIP   OFFICIALS. 
SUPERVISORS. 

N.Walker 1S.50  Robert  B.  Stevenson 1S70 

Joseph  Dvckfs ISol  S.  }'.  Shope 1871 

Newton  Walker 1S52-53  JohnA.Grav 1872 

L.W.Ross 18."i4  .Joseph  Dyclies 1873 

James  P.  Slack 1855  John  A.  Grav 1874 

N.Walker 18.i(i  Jolin  H.  Teirsol 1875 

H.  B.  ?:vans 1857-59  Henrv  B.  Stillman 1876 

N.Walker 18(i0  S.  P.  Shope 1877 

James  W.Simnis 1861-65  Robert  Prichanl  1878 

Henrv  L.  Rrvant 18HG  Wm.  J.  Dvckes 1878 

Thomas  A.  Boy<l 18fi7  JJeurv  L.  Brvaut 1879 

John  H.  Peirsol 1868-69 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  819 

TOWN    CLERKS. 

Henry  Young 1850  F.P.Paul] lS()l-63 

James  Veits 1851  George  Whitaker 18ii4-65 

George  Hunii)hrey 1852  F.  P.  Paull 18fi6 

JohnA.Criss 1853-55  E.A.Edgar 1867-68 

F.J.Porter 1856  Milton  ("ain 1869 

John  Bli.ss 1857  Silas  Dial 1870 

George  Humphrey 1858  Wm.  J.  Dvckes 1871-73 

Wm.  McComb 1859  Wm.  W.  JFox 1874 

Augustus  Rice 1860  A.  M.  Barnett 1875-79 

ASSESSORS. 

F.J.Porter 1850  W.W.Brown 1863-64 

Hugh  Lamaster 1851  Moses  Bordner 1865 

Wm.  P.  BLssell 1852  I.  C.  Worley 1866 

Mich. lel  R.  Campbell 1853  Noah  Seiver 1867 

John  Bliss 1854  John  Prickett 1868 

W.  Kirkpatrick 1855  R.  M.  Ewan 1869 

M.R.Campbell 1856  Wm.  McComb 1870-71 

N.Walker  1857  John  Bliss 1872 

S.  P.  Walker 1858  Jonathan  Harn 1873 

N.Walker 1859  Wesley  W.  Hull 1874 

Jackson  Carter 1860-61  W.  W."  Brown 1875 

Thos.  W.  Saunders 1862  W.  W.  Hull 1876-79 

COLLECTORS. 

H.  P.  Kelley 1850  Wesley  Willison 1868 

John  Randall 1851-52  J.  Clark  Moorhead 186!) 

W.  C.  Worley 1854-55  Thomas  Neil  1870 

William  McComb 1856  John  Chambers 1871 

John  Bliss 1857-58  Isaac  Livingston 1872 

N.  H.Turner 1859-61  LsaacGrier. 187:! 

S.P.Walker 18(52  Jolm  Hunter 1874 

H.  V.  V.  Cute  1863  John  M.  Lewis 1875-76 

N.H.Turner 1864  Robert  Campbell 1877 

F.M.Williams 1865  JohnHunter 1878 

John  Wcrtman 1866  James  H.  Randall 1879 

Wm.  L.  Scott 1867 


LIVERPOOL  TOWNSHIP. 

This  is  the  largest  township  in  Fulton  Co.  It  contains  an  area  of 
26,258  acres,  10,794  of  which  are  improved.  The  first  settlers  of  the 
township,  who  came  as  early  as  1826,  were  Chas.  Deprest,  Joseph 
Allen  and  his  wife,  who  was  a  daugliter  of  Squire  Willcoxen, 
John  Farris  and  family,  Francis  Smith  and  family,  and  Seth  Hilton 
and  family.  The  first  death  to  occur  in  the  township  was  that  of  a 
son  of  Asa  Smith  and  a  grandson  of  Francis  Smith.  About  the 
first  marriage,  if  not  the  first,  took  place  at  the  residence  of  Elijah 
Willcoxen  in  1831.  The  contracting  parties  were  Zerilda,  his 
daughter,  and  Moses  Johnson.  The  widow  of  Joseph  Allen  mar- 
ried Benj.  F.  Roebuck.  She  is  still  living  in  Liverpool  township, 
upon  sec.  11,  and  is  79  years  of  age.  She  tells  quite  an  amusing  in- 
cident illustrating  how  easily  the  people  were  frightened  by  the  re- 
port of  Indians  in  the  neighborhood  on  a  raid.  Some  of  the  neigh- 
bor children  came  running  to  the  house  one  day  and  said  the  Indians 
had  killed  their  father.  Her  husband  and  other  neighbors  immedi- 
ately took  their  guns  and  went  in  search  of  the  red-skins,  determined 
upon  having  revenge.  The  cause  of  the  scare  soon  became  known. 
A  German  family  recently  came  into  the  neighborhood,  and  most  of 
the  members  of  the  family  had  black  eyes  and  wore  their  hair  long, 
which  also  was  black.  The  children  had  seen  some  of  them  in  the 
corn-field  gathering  corn  and  mistook  them  for  Indians,  and  hence 
the  scare. 

/^Mrs.  Roebuck  in  an  early  day  made  shoes  for  the  entire  neigh- 
borhood. She  would  take  her  tools  and  go  from  one  family  to  an- 
other and  make  up  their  shoes.  She  changed  around  in  this  way 
until  the  neighborhood  were  all  "shod."  vShc  probably  made  the 
first  shoes  ever  manufi\ctured  in  the  township^  and  possibly  the  only 
female  shoemaker  ever  in  Fulton  county.  She  also  did  much  weav- 
ing fi)r  others.  {  She  says  she  has  made  enough  shoes  to  pay  for  a 
good  (pKirter-section  of  land.y  Mrs.  Roebuck  is  one  of  those  good- 
hearted,  lovable  old  ladies  whom  it  is  a  pleasure  to  meet. 

The  first  grist-mill  was  built  by  Isaac  Clarke  on  section  20,  in 
1833.  The  first  saw-mill  was  erected  by  Leonard  Lilly  and  Wil- 
liam L.  Barker  on  Buckhcart  creek  in  1830.  This  mill  for  many 
vears  was  known  as  Maus's  Mill,  but  has  long  since  gone  to  decay 
and  its  remains  have  been  carried  away  by  the  floods  until  not  a 
stick  remains  to  point  out  the  old  site.  When  this  mill  was  in  oper- 
ation the  water  in  the  creek  was  abundant  enough  to  enable  them  to 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  821 

run  for  cio-ht  months  during  the  year,  but  now  it  does  not  afford 
water  sufficient  to  run  a  mill  scarcely  a  month,  on  an  average,  dur- 
ing the  entire  twelve.  It  was  owing  to  this  diminished  supply  of 
water  that  the  mill  was  abandoned. 

THE    HORROR    OF    1849. 

The  most  cah\mitous  period  in  the  history  of  Liverpool  township, 
or  indeed  of  the  eutire  county,  was  the  dreaded  and  fearful  visita- 
tion  of  the  Asiatic  cholera  in  the  year  1849.  Homes  were  entered 
by  the  dark  monster  of  death  and  loved  ones  carried  off  without  a 
word  of  warning.  Families  were  broken  up  and  divided.  Fathers, 
mothers,  brothers,  sisters  and  children  were  taken  with  the  fatal  dis- 
ease and  ere  a  day  had  elapsed  were  a  corpse. 

A  very  full  account  of  the  rage  of  the  cholera  in  this  tp.  at  this 
time  was  prepared  by  Robert  Prichard,  who  was  personally  acquainted 
with  the  sad  facts,  and  published  in  the  Fulton  /)emocra^  during  the 
year  1878.     We  re-pul)lish  his  account  of  the  horror: 

From  St.  Ijouis  the  disease  made  its  way  up  the  Illinois  river  by 
steamboats,  and  many  a  poor  wayfarer  was  taken  from  some  steam- 
boat and  buried  in  haste  amid  the  shadows  of  the  lonely  shore — no 
hnmiu  being  left  to  tell  the  spot  where  he  was  buried. 

By  accident  this  dread  disease  was  introduced  into  Liverpool  tp., 
six  miles  east  of  Lewistown.     This  is  the  awful  story: 

July  3,  1849,  Esq.  Robert  Summers,  of  that  neighborhood,  hap- 
pened to  be  in  the  village  of  Liverpool  on  the  Illinois  river.  A 
steamboat  lay  at  the  landing.  Hearing  that  a  man  was  dying  of 
cholera  on  the  boat,  it  is  said  that  Es(j.  Summers  gave  way  to 
sympathy  or  curiosity  and  went  to  see  him.  He  returned  to  his 
home,  was  two  days  afterward  taken  sick  with  what  appeared  to  be 
dysentery,  and  died  on  the  lOth.  Job  Mncklin  undertook  to  make 
him  a  nice  cherry  coffin,  but  got  it  eight  inches  too  short!  He  was 
compelled  to  make  another,  and  thus  the  corpse  was  left  uuburied 
two  days.  This  was  a  fatal  blunder,  as  the  secjuel  will  show.  Esq. 
Jordon  Prichard,  father  of  ex-Sheriff  Robert  Prichard,  hastened  at 
once  to  the  bed-side  of  his  friend  and  neighbor,  Es(}.  Summers,  and 
remained  with  him  until  his  death.  Es(|.  Prichard  and  Mrs.  Sum- 
mers were  taken  ill  on  the  12th.  Mr.  P.  died  on  the  loth.  Ahijah 
Arnett  made  a  very  neat  coffin  for  him  and  he  was  buried  on  the 
14th.  Mrs.  Summers  died  on  the  16th.  The  neighborhood  was 
now  panic-stricken.  Tiirec  of  the  Summers  children  were  taken 
with  cholera  on  the  18th  and  died  the  same  day. 

Only  a  few  brave  men  could  be  found  to  care  for  the  sick  or  bury 
the  dead.  Mrs.  Summers  was  buried  in  an  hour  after  she  died. 
They  wrapped  an  old  (piilt  about  her,  placed  the  remains  in  a  rude 
box  and  buried  her  in  silence  and  terror. 

Mrs.  Prichard  was  stricken  on  the  15th,  died  at  2  o'clock  p.  m., 
and  was  buried  that  evening.     Alive  and  well  at  sunrise,  the  red 


822  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

sunset  lit  up  her  new-made  grave !  Mrs.  P.  had  spent  the  previous 
dav  in  washing:  her  dead  husband's  clothes.  How  sad  was  her 
burial !  Some  of  the  neighbors  dug  the  grave.  Her  son  Robert 
and  William  Denny  were  left  alone  to  bury  her.  Wrapped  in  a 
quilt,  placed  in  a  rude  box,  these  two  carried  her  to  the  grave. 
Those  who  dug  it  fled  upon  their  approach.  The  two  boys  got  the 
box  partially  in  the  grave,  Mhieh  was  too  short;  the  box  lodged, 
one  end  on  the  bottom,  the  other  two  feet  higher.  The  boys  could 
neither  get  the  box  down  or  out.     So  they  filled  up  the  grave. 

Thomas  Stockton  was  taken  ill  that  day,  and  died  and  was  buried 
the  next,  or  16th.  John  W.  Pittman,  now  a  prominent  attorney  at 
Havana,  took  care  of  him  alone*during  his  sickness.  A  little  |)aling 
fence  still  marks  the  grave  of  this  self-sacrificing  hero  on  the  hill 
near  Jacob  Maus's. 

The  cholera  then  took  Alexander  Prichard,  aged  17,  Rebecca 
Prichard,  aged  2  (Robert's  brother  and  sister),  and  a  child  of  Mrs. 
Havens,  also  one  of  the  Prichard  girls.  These  all  died  on  the  Kith 
except  the  child  Rebecca,  who  died  on  the  18th.  The  brave  men 
who  cared  for  and  buried  these  victims  were  Jesse  Florv,  Robert 
Prichard  (then  aged  18),  Wm.  Denny,  John  ^y.  Pittman,  James 
Jennings  and  Jake  Fisher. 

One  of  the  saddest  incidents  of  the  whole  horrible  visitation  was 
the  death  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fritz.  They  lived  alone  in  a  hut  amidst 
the  dark  woods.  The  "burial  band"  heard  that  he  was  dead.  They 
went  with  a  box  in  a  wagon  to  bury  him.  Arriving  at  the  house 
the  dving  woman  crawled  over  the  body  of  her  dead  husband,  im- 
ploring their  aid.  They  put  the  corpse  in  the  box,  carried  it  away 
a  few  feet  and  buried  it  at  the  foot  of  a  tree.  They  took  the  poor 
woman  in  their  wagon  and  carried  her  four  miles  away  to  some  of 
her  relatives.  They  refused  to  take  her  in  I  The  boys  laid  her 
under  a  tree  and  there  she  died  in  horrible  agony  with  no  brave 
hand  to  put  a  cup  of  water  to  her  famishing  lips !  Mrs.  Fritz  was 
the  last  victim.  The  neighbors  left  alive  had  flown.  The  remain- 
ing Summers  children  Mere  taken  to  friends  in  Henry  county. 

Seven  of  the  Prichard  children  were  left.  Benjamin  and  Eliza- 
beth went  to  Jacob  Maus's  and  were  kindly  cared  for  by  him  and 
his  noble  wife  until  they  were  nearly  of  age.  Sarah  and  Ellen,  the 
voungest,  went  to  Mason  county  to  live  with  their  sister  Mary  Jane 
Havens,  until  they  were  grown.  Robert  and  James  worked  among 
the  farmers  until  tliey  were  married. 

Mrs.  Northnj)  (whose  husband  had  run  off  for  shooting  and  kill- 
ing Beamas  in  Liverpool),  and  a  Mrs.  Phil.  Numbers,  who  lived  on 
the  edge  of  the  island  just  below  Liverpool,  sent  for  the  Prichard 
children  at  first,  fresh  from  their  pestilenee-stricken  home,  and  cared 
fur  them  until  they  could  go  to  their  future  homes. 

What  grand,  brave  souls  were  these  that  braved  death  in  taking 
these  stricken  children  to  their  hearts  and  homes  I  No  history  of 
our  countv  will  be  eomj)lete  that  does  not  pay  lasting  honors  to  these 
heroic  men  and  women. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  823 

As  soon  as  the  Summers  children  were  taken  away  their  house  was 
burned  to  the  ground. 

Robert  Prichard,  witli  an  eye  to  economy  that  was  as  admirable 
as  the  i)liu'k  displayed,  took  all  the  family  clothin(>j  and  sunk  it  in 
an  adjacent  stream  for  ten  days.  He  then  wrung  them  out  and  had 
them  washed  and  preserved.  Some  of  this  clothing  is  still  pre- 
served in  the  family  as  relics  of  that  memorable  visitation  of  the 
"angel  of  death." 

The  doctors  whose  services  were  tendered  to  these  stricken  ones 
were  John  B.  McDowell,  Thaddeus  Nott,  and  a  singular  character 
named  James  Ashby,  a  mulatto.  It  is  claimed  they  all  did  noble 
work  and  mutually  saved  many  lives. 

The  contagion  lasted  but  about  one  week,  and  was  wholly  confined 
to  the  s])arsely  settled  sections  Nos.  11,  14,  15,  16  and  25  in  Liver- 
jX)ol  township.  But  the  dead  numbered  thirteen  souls,  as  follows: 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  Summers  and  three  children  ;  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Jordon 
Prichard  and  two  children;  Mrs^.  Haven's  child;  Thomas  Stockton, 
and  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Fritz. 

Several  persons  were  ill  with  cholera,  but  were  rescued  by  the 
skill  and  heroic  care  of  the  brave  physicians  and  neighbors  named 
above.  The  following  names  are  remembered  among  those  who 
were  ill  and  recovered:  Wm.  Dickson  and  wife,  Charles  Shaw  and 
wife,  James  Prichard  and  Benj.  Havens. 

We  have  read  with  interest  carefully  prepared  accounts  of  the 
cholera  visitatio^is  in  many  cities  and  towns,  but  we  donbt  if  ever 
this  country  witnessed  so  rai)i(l  and  fatal  an  ejiidemic,  all  things  con- 
sidered, as  that  which  decimated  the  sparsely  settled  Prichard  sc^ttle- 
ment  in  1849. 

LIVERPOOL. 

Liverpool  is  situated  on  the  up])er  end  of  a  beautifid  island,  a 
little  over  a  mile  long  and  a  little  less  than  a  mile  in  width,  formed 
by  the  river  on  one  side  and  overflowed  lands,  with  lakes  and 
ponds,  on  the  other  side.  The  village  was  founded  Aug.  13,  1836, 
•by  R.  E.  Little,  Wm.  Elliott,  Jos.  Sharpe,  Theo.  Tarleton,  E.  D. 
Rice  and  Roger  Veits.  The  place  for  a  long  time  promised  to  be- 
come eventually  an  important  shijiping  point,  but  the  difhcidty  of 
building  and  keeping  in  repair  a  l)ridge  or  turnpike  across  the  low 
land  (mile  and  a  half  wide)  between  it  and  the  agricultural  com- 
numity  north  of  it,  retarded  its  growth.  Besides,  the  steamboat 
landing  there  is  not  good  most  of  the  year.  Being  a  small  ]ila(;e 
and  out  of  the  wav,  it  has  never  been  reached  bv  railroad,  althoii*jh 
grading  for  one  was  once  done  from  Canton  to  this  j)oint,  and  thus 
all  hop3  of  prosperity  f  tr  the  place  is  lost.  It  now  has  about  200 
inhabitants. 

Maple's  Mill,  or  "  Slabtown,"  was  started  as  a  saw-mill  village 
about  1851-2,  Thompson  Maple,  of  Canton,  establishing  here  (at 
the  corners  of  sees.  2,  3,  10  and  11)  a  saw-mill  to  furnish  oak  plank 


824  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

for  the  Canton  and  Ijiverpool  Plank  Road.  The  mill  has  long 
since  gone  down  and  the  remains  all  cleared  away,  bnt  the  village 
(of  a  dozen  or  fifteen  houses,  perhaps)  survives.  Maple's  Mill  is 
the  name  of  the  postoffice  here,  and  there  is  a  good  church  edifice 
and  a  school-house  also  at  this  ])oint. 

CHURCHES. 

The  Salem  Baptist   Church. — This  was  the  first  regular  religious 
organization  of  Liverpool  tp.,  and  was  constituted  a  Church  on  the 
10th  of   August,   1830,  at   the    house   of   Jeremiah    Farris  on  the 
northwest  quarter   of  sec.  10.     The  visiting  officiating    Eldjers  and 
Deacons  were  Elders  John  Logan  and  Stephen  Strickland  and  Dea- 
cons Landrian  Eggers  and  James  McCan.     The  lay  members  at   its 
first   organization    were    Francis  P.  Smith,    Preston   (Joforth,   John 
Goforth,    John    Farris,  Jeremiah    Farris,  Samuel    Cozad,    Xathan 
Thomas,   Benj.  Ford,  James  Pennington,  James  Pollitt  and  their 
wives  and  others.     The  records  of  this  Church  from  1830  to  1833 
were   lost,  but   among  the  first  Folders  and  probably  the   very  first, 
Avere    Elders  John   Goforth,  John  Miner,   John    Holcomb,   Squire 
Willcoxen.     Samuel   Cozad  was  probably  one  of  the  first   Deacons. 
The  names  mentioned  may  be  considered  the  fiithers  of  this  society. 
At  a  meeting  held  May  24,  1834,  according  to  the   records,  after 
opening   with  prayer,  "on  motion,  the  Church  says  that  they  will 
build   a  meeting-house,  and  that  the  meeting-house  shall  be  26   feet 
wide   and   30   feet   long,  made  of  logs ;  the  logs  shall  be   hewed  7 
inches   thick  and  face  10  inches  in  the  middle,  and  that  the  Church 
hold  a  call-meeting  on  the  29th  at  the  house  of  Brother  Francis  P. 
Smith,  to  arrange  the  business  for  building  of  the  same."     At  this 
meeting  means  were  taken,  and  the  house  Mas  built  on  the  land  of 
John   Farris,  which  he  appropriated  for  that  purpose,  on  the  south- 
east quarter  of  sec  32,  Buckheart  tp.     The  congregation  continued 
to    meet  in  this  house  until  abctut  the  year  18o(j  or  '57,  when  means 
were   raised  to  build  a  new  house.     Capt.   Elijah  Willcoxen  deeded 
land  to  the  church  fi)r  that  purpose  on  the  northwest  quarter  of  sec. 
8,   Liverpool   tp.,  on  which  the  society  immediately  erected  a  more* 
modern   church   edifice.     It  is  a  frame   building  about    28x40  feet 
with   a   12-foot   ceiling  and   seating   about   300.     This  edifice  was 
built,   princij)ally   at  the  expense  of  Elijah  \\'illcoxcn,  A.   J.    Will- 
coxen, Jesse  B.  Willcoxen,  iNIajor  E.  C.  Willcoxen,  J.  C  AVillcoxcn, 
J.  F.    Willcoxen,  Marshall    X.  \\'illcoxen,  S.  B.  Snider,    Ira  Kuy- 
kendall,    Rol)ert    (iotbrth    and    otiiers.       The    memlx'rship   of    the 
Church    at  present    is  small.     The  present   Elders  are  Cyrus   Hum- 
j)hrcy  and  Stephen  l^olender.     The  Deacon  is  Nathan   Turner.     It 
would,   ])erhaps,   be  interesting  in  these  records  to  state  that   Elder 
John  Gofitrth,  a  man  well  and  widely  known  throughout  this  coun- 
ty for  his  thorough  ])iety  and  earnestness  in  the  cause  of  Christian- 
ity among  the  pioneers  of  this  county,  was  Elder  and  Pastor  of  this 
Church  from  the  time  it  was  constituted  up  to  1852.     He  moved  to 


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OF  THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS, 


HISTORY   OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  827 

Iowa,  where  he   still  continued  in  his  Christian  labors.     He  died 
some  years  since. 

CHURCHES. 

Jlounf  Pleasant  Jlcfhodist  Church. — This  society  worshiped  in  a 
building  on  section  20:  formerly  called  Apple  Church. 

Liverpool  Church. — This  building  was  erected  as  a  Presbyterian 
edifice,  but  understood  to  be  also  for  the  use  of  other  denominations 
as  well.  The  Presbyterians  have  died  or  moved  away,  and  the 
Methodists  use  it  mostly.  A,  G.  Little,  of  Altona,  is  the  only  liv- 
ing trustee. 

Maple\s  Mill  Church  is  on  sec.  11,  and  is  Methodist  Episcopal. 

New  Bethel  Jlethodist  Church  is  on  sec.  18. 

Union  Chapel  Methodist  Church  is  on  sec.  20. 

SCHOOLS. 

In  Liverpool  township  are  8  district  schools.  The  oldest  is  the 
Salem  school,  on  sec.  8 ;  next  was  Apple  school-house,  now  Mount 
Pleasant;  next,  Liverpool,  on  sec.  25;  then  Maple's  Mill  (sec.  10); 
Hall's  school-house  (sec.  6,  range  5  east) ;  Prichard's  school-house 
(sec.  15,  now  called  No.  6) ;  Xo.  8  (sec.  21),  and  finallv  Xo.  7 
(sec.  20). 

The  first  school  Mrs.  Wm.  Hummel  knew  of  in  an  early  day  was 
taught  in  the  kitchen  of  John  Farris,  by  Jordan  ^^'illcoxen;  these 
schools  were  what  was  called  "  loud  schools,"  /.  e.  each  scholar  in 
the  school-room  would  study  their  lesson  out  loud.  The  first 
"silent  school"  that  was  started,  a  little  girl  told  her  mother  she 
moved  her  lips,  but  had  not  said  a  word  all  day,  and  had  fooled  the 
teacher. 

BIOGRAPHIES. 

John  G.  Ackerson  was  born  Feb.  15,  1831,  in  Lewistown  tp.,  son 
of  Abram  and  Eleanor  (Kent),  the  first  a  native  of  N.  Y.,  and  the 
latter  a  native  of  Ohio,  who  came  to  this  county  about  1828,  set- 
tling in  Lewistown  tp,  John  G.  enlisted  in  the  85th  I.  V.  I.,  Co. 
B.,  in  Aug.,  18G2  ;  at  the  end  of  ten  months  he  was  honorably  dis- 
charged on  account  of  sickness ;  he  was  4th  Sergeant;  was  in  the 
battle  of  Perryville,  etc.,  but  was  never  wounded.  Mr.  A.,  about 
1856,  married  Miss  Sarah,  daughter  of  BenJ.  Keeler,  and  has  had 
two  children,  only  I^aura  B.  living  now.  Mr.  A.'s  second  marriage 
was  in  Cowley  Co.,  Kan.,  June,  1870,  to  May  Walworth,  daughter 
of  Noah  Walworth,  formerly  of  New  York.  Mr.  A.  is  now  living 
on  sec.  32. 

Cleanthes  Arnett  was  born  April  2,  1805,  near  Sharpsburg,  Bath 
Co.,  Ky.,  son  of  John  Arnett,  of  Virginia,  and  grandson  of  Thos. 
Arnett,  of  the  same  State ;  his  mother's  maiden  nanu>  was  Rebecca 
Whitecraft,  a   native   of  Tennessee,  and   daughter   of  John  White- 


828  HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 

craft,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  and  of  Dutch  descent.  Cleantlies, 
in  the  f;dl  of  18"2(),  and  in  his  native  county,  married  Mar<i;aret 
Deanc,  who  was  born  in  Kentucky  in  January,  180!),  daugliter  of 
James  Deane,  also  a  native  of  Kentucky.  Nine  years  after  their 
marriaf^e,  they  settled  in  Sanj^amon  Co.,  Ill,,  and -in  the  sprinj»:  of 
IH'.M  tlicy  located  on  the  southeast  quarter  of  sec.  19,  Liver[)ool  tp. 
Mr.  Arnctt  has  always  been  a  farmer.  In  1859  he  built  a  frame 
house,  into  which  he  moved.  In  politics  he  is  an  old-line  ^\  hig, 
opposed  to  human  slavery  and  a  zealous  advocate  of  temperance. 
Has  been  School  Director  several  years.  Children  born  in  Ken- 
tucky,—John  R.,  Sept.  7, '27;  Rebecca  W.,  Jan.  14,  '29  (dec); 
Nancy  J.,  May  12,  '30;  James  H.,  March  27,  '82;  born  here  — 
Joseph  M.,  June  5,  '37;  Mary  M.,  Jan.  15,  '39;  Anna  A.,  Dec.  18, 
'40;  Melinda  E.,  Jan.  12,  '44;  Cleanthes  M.,  March  12,  '40; 
Martha  E.,  Feb.  27,  '48;  Emily  M.,  Dec.  10,  '49,  and  Thomas  E., 
Feb.  27,  '52.  Joseph  M.  served  in  the  Union  army,  Co.  K.,  103d 
Reg't.,  three  years,  and  was  in  the  most  noted  battles  and  marched 
with  Sherman  to  the  sea ;  received  sunstroke  while  in  the  army  ; 
died  in  Aug.,  1874,  leaving  a  widow  and  5  children.  His  wife's 
maiden  name  was  Roxana  Huston.  He  was  a  Republican  and  a 
mend)er  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

John  A.  Beckntead  was  born  near  Prescott,  Ontario,  Canada,  Aug. 
3,  1836,  son  of  George  and  Dinah  (Middah),  natives  of  Canada. 
His  grandfather  was  Alexander  Beckstead,  a  native  of  Germany. 
Dinah  ^Nlitldah  was  the  daughter  of  John  Middah,  also  a  native  of 
(jcrmany.  John  A.'s  parents  came  to  Cantt)n  in  1840,  followed 
farming  two  years;  they  settled  on  sec.  6,  Liverpool  tp.  in  1857; 
they  both  died  here  in  1862.  Children  —  JNIary  E.,  Sarah  Ann, 
Eliza  J.,  Martha  S.,  John  A.,  Orelia  A.  and  Caroline  C.  John  A. 
occupies  the  old  homestead.  Feb.  15,  1863,  he  married  Gla])hy 
Ardena  Raker,  born  Sept.  10,  1843,  daughter  of  Nelson  and  Martha 
Ann  (Mullens),  natives  of  Ky.  and  Mo.  John  A.  Beckstead's 
children  are:  John  N.,  born  May  13,  1865;  Dora  Ardena,  Nov. 
18,  1868;  James  H.,  Nov.  6,  1870;  Martha  Ann,  Aug.  12,  1872; 
Ida  May,  Dec.  14,  1875,  and  My  ram,  May  25,  1878.  Mr.  B.  is  a 
Democrat.     Has  been  a  School  Director,  etc. 

Isaac  Black,  deceased,  was  born  in  P)erks  county.  Pa.,  went  to 
Virginia,  where  he  married  Grace  Woodford,  a  native  of  Philadel- 
])hia.  Pa.  Her  parents  were  English.  They  moved  to  Ross  county, 
C,  about  1811,  where  the  next  mentioned  was  bt)rn. 

Isaac  Black,  farmer,  son  of  preceding,  was  born  Jan.  30,  1813, 
came  into  Liverpool  township,  this  county,  Oct.  7,  1842,  lived  sev- 
eral years  west  of  Cuba,  and  bought  the  farm  on  which  he  now 
resides  (140  acres  of  sec.  4,  Liverpool  townshij))  in  1857.  He  mar- 
ried Elizabeth  Ann  Byers  at  Washington,  Fayette  county,  O.,  Oct., 
1839.  She  was  born  Oct.  15, 1819,  in  Botetourt  county,  Va.  They 
have  had  12  children  :  Hcni-v,  born  July  27,1840;  Marion,  Nov. 
30,  1841;   William,  Feb.  3,  1844;  James,  Nov.  27,  1845;  Hannah 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  829 

J.,  Feb.  21,  1849;  Martha  A.,  April  30,  1851 ;  Mary  liouisa,  Sept. 
10,  1853;  Sarah  E.,  Sept.  3,  1855;  Isaac  Theodore,  Nov.  23,  1857; 
Celesta  Alice,  Dec.  23,  1859;  Edith  M.  July  31,  1861,  and  Travis, 
May  2,  1803.  Henry  died  Sept.  22,  1866,  Celesta  A.,  Aug.  5, 1876, 
and  Travis  while  an  infant.  Eight  of  the  children  are  married. 
Mr.  Black  is  ready  at  mechanical  work,  having  been  carpenter,  shoe- 
maker, etc.  In  politics  he  is  a  Democrat,  and  in  religion  he  is  a 
member  of  the  Protestant  Methodist  Church. 

Mr.  Black  relates  many  remarkable  experiences  of  early  life  in 
Illinois,  as  illustrated  by  those  given  in  our  chapter  on  the  escrly 
settlement  of  this  county.  In  the  severe  winter  of  1842-3,  describ- 
ed in  that  chapter,  Mr.  B.  relates  that  money  was  so  scarce  that  to 
obtain  even  25  cents  in  cash  a  man  had  to  lie,  by  claiming  there 
was  a  letter  in  the  postoffice  for  him  and  he  wanted  to  pay  the  post- 
age on  it  and  get  it.  Then,  by  delivering  a  load  or  so  of  hoop- 
poles  with  that  plea  he  would  sometimes  raise  the  two  "bits."  At 
the  close  of  that  winter  he  tap])ed  20  sugar-trees,  from  which  he 
made  100  pounds  of  sugar  and  37  gallons  of  fine  syrup.  One  tree 
yielded  over  a  barrel  of  sap  in  one  day !  He  says  that  in  early  day 
snakes  were  very  abundant.  Rattlesnakes  were  so  thick  in  1842 
that  he  would  not  step  out  after  dark  for  $10.  He  saw  one  with  29 
rattles. 

Win.  Black  was  born  in  Buckskin  township,  Ross  county,  O.,  in 
March,  1820,  son  of  Isaac  and  Grace  Woodford,  the  first  a  native 
of  Virginia  and  the  latter  of  Philadelphia;  born  during  the  Revo- 
lutionary war.  Mr.  Black  came  to  Fulton  county  in  April,  1859, 
and  first  located  at  Maple's  Mill;  has  always  been  a  farmer,  and 
for  the  last  8  years  on  sec.  11.  Dec.  30,  1841,  in  Ohio,  he  married 
Miss  Rachel,  daughter  of  James  Pummel ;  she  was  born  in  May, 
1821 ;  their  children  are,  John  F.,  born  Oct.  20,  1842;  Allen,  Feb. 
19,  1845;  Grace  E.,  Sept.  25,  1851;  Henry  O.,  Oct.  12,  1854; 
Rachel  Arabella,  Feb.  26,  1858;  Charles,  July  22,  1860,  and  Simon 
D.,  iJune  5,  1863.     The  first  3  are  married.     Methodist.     Democrat. 

Lewis  E.  Bordwine  was  born  in  Lewistown  township,  Nov.,  1852  ; 
his  father  was  Nathaniel  Claxton  Bordwine,  who  married  Mary 
Elizabeth  Simms,  a  native  of  Virginia.  Lewis  E.  married  Eudora 
C.  Crosthwait  Sept.  5,  1872,  daughter  of  Eli  C.  Crosthwait.  She 
was  born  April  28,  1852,  and  is  a  Methodist.  Mr.  B.  is  a  professor 
of  religion  and  in  politics  independent. 

JVathaniel  Claxton  Bordwine  was  born  Oct.  5,  1803,  in  Albemarle 
Co.,  Va.,  son  of  Louis  E.  Bordwine,  a  native  of  Germany,  who  ac- 
quired a  little  fortune  as  a  merchant  tailor,  and  died  three  weeks 
before  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born.  Until  13  years  of  age 
he  was  taken  care  of  by  his  grandfather  "Tuggle,"  in  Washington 
Co.,  Va.,  and  afterward  by  his  mother  in  Russell  Co.  In  1822  he 
married  Olive  Robbins,  a  native  of  the  latter  place  and  daughter  of 
Wm.  Robbins,  and  they  emigrated  to  Vermilion  Co.,  111.  in  1825, 
and  in  1827  came  to  Fulton  Co.,  where  they,  by  hard  work,  soon  ac- 


830  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

cnniulatefl  moans  onoiiorh  to  jjiircliase  a  quarter  of  sec.  4,  Lewistown 
tp.  8lie  (lied  in  1<S;U  ;  and  Nov.  '21,  1849,  he  married  ajjain,  this  time 
Elizabeth  Simms,  of  Va.,  daughter  of  Tandy  and  Mary  (Reddis),  of 
the  same  State.  Chihlren  bv  first  wife — Sallv,  born  in  Vir";inia  ; 
Anna,  born  in  Vermilion  Co.,  111.;  and  Polly,  born  in  Fulton  Co.: 
by  second  wife, — Mary  F.,  June  14,  1850  ;  Lewis  E.,  Nov.  12,  1851  ; 
Amy  L.,  Sept.  29,  1853  (dee.  Oct.  17,  187());  Martha  A.,  Nov.  2, 
185*j;  Mariraret  J.,  Feb.  2,  1857;  Nathaniel  C,  Nov.  5,  1858; 
Tandy  Oliver,  Oct.  23,  1860  (dec.  Nov.  IG,  1860);  Olive  M.,  Oct. 
5,  1862;  Phoebe  C,  Sept.  3,  1864;  Reuben  M.,  Oct.  9,  1866;  and 
Prudence  E.,  April  16,  1869.  For  the  last  18  years  Mr.  B.  has 
lived  on  sec.  18,  Liverpool  tp. ;  has  cleared  375  acres  of  land  and 
improved  5  or  6  different  farms;  now  owns  420  acres  in  3  farms, 
besides  other  property  ;  stock-raising  is  his  specialty ;  was  a  soldier 
in  the  Black  Hawk  war.     Republican. 

Ezekiel  Bosirc/l  was  born  near  St.  I'aris,  Champaign  Co.,  O.,  Oct. 
18,  1835,  son  of  David  and  Nancy  (Colbert),  natives  of  the  same 
place;  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1855,  settling  in  Buckhcart  tp.,  but 
now  living  in  Joshua  t]). ;  they  had  six  children.  Ezekiel  married 
in  July,  1856,  Helen  Carver,  daughter  of  P.  M.  Carver,  and  their 
8  children  are:  Wm.  E.,  born  May  27,  '58;  Chas.  P.,  April  5, '62  ; 
Emma  F.,  Aug.  11.  '65;  John  A.,  June  2,  1867  (dec.  1875) ;  David, 
Dec.  2,  1869;l^^-ank,  May  11,  1872;  Edgar,  April  24,  1875  (dec. 
while  an  infant) ;  and  Ada  May,  April  16,  1878.  Democrat.  School 
Director.     Sec.  5  ;   100  acres. 

Will.  li.  Clark  was  born  near  Troy,  Miami  Co.,  ().,  July  15,  1823, 
sou  of  Isaac  and  Sarah  (Royal),  the  former  a  native  of  N.  J.  and 
the  latter  a  daughter  of  Wm.  Royal,  of  Monongahela  Co.,  W.  Va. 
Parents  came  to  Fulton  Co.  about  1832,  and  i\lr.  Clark  built  the 
first  grist-mill  in  Liver])ool  tj).,  on  sec.  21.  His  first  wife  was  Lydia 
Zelyph,  of  New  Jersey,  and  they  had  10  children;  by  second  wife 
he  had  6  children.  W.  R.  worked  at  the  carj)enter's  trade  for  about 
14  years,  but  has  been  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser  for  about  25  years, 
on  st'f.  '1\.  His  first  wife  was  Elsie  (Fitzgerald),  of  Fulton  county, 
and  they  had  4  children, —  Kmily  \\'.,  Orville  W.,  Lydia  M.,  Jesse 
B.  Mrs.  C.  died  in  April,  186."),  and  he  married  Sarah  E.  Griggsby, 
of  this  county,  daughter  of  Wm.  and  Dorcas  G.,  and  they  also  had  4 
children, —  Delta,  Nellie,  C^irrie  and  Wm.  M.  Mrs.  Clark  died 
Jan,  21,  1S7."),  and  Mr.  C.  still  lives  on  the  old  homestead.  Dem- 
crat.  Has  been  School  Director.  Has  now  2cS4  acres  of  land,  a 
large,  two-story  brick  house,  cleared  75  acres,  and  split  10,000  rails 
by  himself 

Win.  Den  III/  -WAS  l)orn  in  Northumberland  Co.,  l*a.,  Oct.  8,181 1, 
son  of  Philip  and  Nancy  (Deacon),  natives  of  Kent  Co.,  Del.;  his 
grandfather,  Philip  Denny,  was  a  native  of  P^ngland.  Wm.  was 
mainly  brought  uj)  in  Ohio;  first  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  the  fall  of 
1842;  from  184.'>  to  1845  he  lived  in  Missouri;  has  lived  on  sec  2 
for  the  last  28  years,  where  his  farm   consists  of  165  acres;  he  has 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  831 

cleared  most  of  it  and  put  on  the  inijirovcnients.  lie  married  Mary 
Beets  in  1835;  she  was  born  in  Roekbridiiv  Co.,  Va. ;  their  only 
offspring  is  Margaret  Elizabeth,  who  married  lieverly  G.  ISIilner, 
but  is  ncnv  a  widow,  living  in  Canton  township.  Mr.  Denny  is  a 
zealous  Demoerat. 

Bichard  Hall  was  born  in  Ixith,  Greene  Co.,  O.,  Feb.  10,  1821, 
son  of  John  Hall,  a  native  of  Clarke  Co.,  Va.,  and  a  grandson  of 
Kiehard  Hall,  a  native  of  Virginia  and  of  English  ancestry.  May 
10,  1831,  Kiehard  Hall,  the  subject  of  this  biography,  with  his  j)ar- 
ents  arrived  in  Fulton  Co.,  locating  on  sec.  l.'>,  Lewistown  tp. ; 
lived  in  Mason  Co.  a  vear  or  so,  then  returned  to  Fulton  Co. ; 
mother  died  Dec.  2,  183(5,  and  father  in  April,  1843.  Their  chil- 
dren were  Prior,  Richard,  Moses,  Hannah,  Daniel,  Pluebe  and 
Mercv.  The  first  two  are  the  onlv  ones  living.  Prior  married  Pluebe 
A.  Nichols  and  lives  in  Sangamon  Co.  Richard  married  Anna 
Imel,  daughter  of  Peter  Imel,  a  native  of  Maryland,  and  of  Ger- 
man ancestry.  Richard  Hall  is  a  Republican,  and  has  been  School 
Director  for  14  years  or  more. 

Barion  Lee  Hurrixon  was  born  in  Eewis  Co.,  Ky.,  July  lo,  1832, 
son  of  James  and  Sarah  C.  (Jjcc),  and  first  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in 
1855;  Nov.  25,  1858,  he  married  Miiry  M.,  daughter  of  Cleanthes 
Arnett,  who  died  the  following  October,  leaving  one  child,  which 
died  an  infant.  INIav  8,  18()2,  he  man-ied  Charlotte  T.  A\'illcoxen, 
born  Feb.  5,  1844,  daughter  of  Jesse  B.  W.,  of  this  tj).  Of  Mr. 
H.'s  10  children  8  are  living,— Mary  C.,  born  in  1863;  Martha  E., 
May  10,  18(54;  Robert  E.  L.,  Oct.  28,.  1865;  Sarah  E.,  Feb.  24, 
1867;  James  B.,  March  27,  1869;  Jesse  B.,  Sept.  12,  1.S70;  Emma 
R.,  Feb.  5,  1872;  Owen  C,  March  14,  1874;  Aujrusta  P.,  INIarch 
14,  1876;  and  Tyra  H.,  May  11,  1879.  Jesse  B."  died  in  infancy 
and  Owen  died  aged  nearly  4  years.  Mr.  Harrison  now  lives  on 
sec.  18,  where  he  has  been  since  1866;  has  always  been  a  Democrat, 
and  has  been  School  Director,  etc.  Mrs.  H.  is  a  member  of  the 
M.  E.  Church,  South. 

Francis  Marion  Harrison  was  born  in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky.,  Aug.  9, 
1828,  brother  of  the  foregoing,  and  came  to  this  county  in  Novem- 
ber, 1848;  March  4,  1(S52,  he  married  Elizalx^th  Walker,  who  was 
born  in  Kentuckv  Julv  14,  1<S33,  dauy, liter  of  Ihmh  and  Nancv 
(Given)  A\'alkcr,  natives  of  Ky.  They  settled  in  this  township  in 
1835,  and  followed  farming.  Mr.  W.  (lic<l  in  Api-il,  I  Sod,  and  she 
died  11  days  afterwards.  Mr.  Harrison  has  had  6  children,  3  of 
whom  are  living, — John  W.,  born  Nov.  i*,  1.S55;  Ad(>lia  P).,  Nov. 
9,  1857;  and  Sidney  E.,  July  27,  ]8()5,  He  has  been  School 
Director,  Road  Commissioner,  etc.  Democrat.  Methodist.  Has 
lived  on  sec.  18  for  the  last  20  years. 

Elijah  Jcnninf/x,  farmer  and  hunter,  was  born  in  Estill  county, 
Ky.,  Nov.  27,  1817,  son  of  Daniel  and  Debbie  (Willcoxen)  Jennings, 
natives  of  North  Carolina,  and  of  Scotch  descent ;  was  brought  up 
by  Thos.  T.   Bybee,  his  step-father;  has  been  a  resident  of  Fulton 


832  HIST(J11Y    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

coiintv  since  1829.  He  remembers  that  Charley  Deprest,  a  French- 
man, was  tlic  first  settler  in  Liverpool  township;  that  the  first  <rrist- 
mill  was  htiilt  l)v  Isaac  ("lark  in  1<S;5;>,  on  sec.  20,  in  Liverpool ;  and 
that  his  first  school-teacher  was  Richard  Tompkins  in  183L  As  a 
hunter  IVIr.  Jenninp;s  has  seen  as  many  as  100  deer  in  one  day,  shot 
4  deer  one  dav  without  moving  out  of  his  tracks,  has  killed  13  in 
one  dav,  and  averai2:ed  100  a  year  for  28  years.  He  was  so  exact  as 
a  mai-ksman  that  tliey  would  not  let  him  shoot  at  the  matches.  In 
'78  he  found  32  swarms  of  bees,  this  year  27  swarms,  and  one  year  he 
found  40.  Nov.  28,  1837,  he  married  Ellizabcth  Farris,  and  they 
have  had  10  children,  7  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  J.  has  been  a 
mendier  of  the  Hai)tist  Church  for  30  years,  and  his  wife  is  a  mem- 
ber of  the  Christian  Church.  lie  is  a  "  Jackson  Democrat  "  and  has 
never  scratched  a  ticket ;  has  been  School  Director,  and  Constable, 
and  is  at  j)resent  Assessor  and  Collector. 

James  Kujihcndall  is  probably  the  oldest  man  in  Liver]>ool  town- 
ship, being-  now  [)ast  04  years  of  age.  He  was  born  August  o, 
178"),  near  Pittsburg,  Pa.  For  one  of  his  age  he  is  unusually  ac- 
tive. One  day  last  summer  he  walked  18  miles.  He  first  came  to 
this  county  in  1831,  prospecting,  and  in  1837  he  j)ermanently  located 
on  a  fl\rm  in  Putman  township,  1 J  miles  north  of  Cuba,  where  he 
lived  for  nearly  20  years.  Nov.  14,  1811,  he  married  Elizabeth 
Aton,  daughter  of  Aaron  Aton  ;  four  years  afterward  they  moved 
to  Richland  county,  O.,  now  Ashland  county,  and  entered  1(30  acres 
of  land.  Indians  were  troublesome,  and  one  day  he  ordered  some 
of  them  off  his  premises,  which  made  them  angry  and  they 
threatened  his  life;  but  they  were  j)ut  to  death  by  their  own  tribe 
for  so  molesting  the  white  man.  Mr.  K.'s  children  were  Ira  ;  Ma- 
tilda, born  in  August,  1814;  I^ucinda,  June  7,  ISKJ ;  Abigail,  Feb. 
21,  1818;  Sarah,  June  7,  1X20;  Henry,  in  1822;  Susan,  in  1824; 
Anna,  in  1826;  Jane,  who  died  at  the  age  of  4  years.  Mr.  K. 
taught  school  in  his  youth,  and  at  the  age  of  18  he  was  elected  Cap- 
tain of  Militia  in  Pennsylvania,  in  which  ca))acity  he  served  for  7 
vears.  ^Ir.  K.  has  been  a  pioneer  in  three  States,  which  are  now 
far  in  the  interior  of  civilization.  Has  given  each  of  his  children  a 
farm.     Denu)crat. 

Jacob  Manx  was  born  Sept.  21,  1814,  near  Taneytown,  Frederick 
(now  Carroll)  Co.,  Md.,  son  of  Jacob,  sr.,  a  native  of  Adams  Co., 
Pa.,  and  grandson  of  George  Maus,  of  Holland,  who  settled  in 
Pennsvlvania  bctiire  or  about  the  time  of  the  Revolution.  Jacob 
Maus,  sr.,  served  in  tlie  war  of  1X12.  His  wife  was  Sarah,  ne^ 
Hahn.  The  sul)ject  of  this  paragraph  was  brought  up  a  miller, 
both  in  saw-mill  and  Houring-mill,  in  ]\Iaryland  ;  came  to  sec.  13, 
this  tp.,  May  (>,  1840,  and  paid  82,500  for  a  pre-emi)tion  claim  on 
320  acres  of  land  ;  four  years  afterward  he  discovered  that  the  claim 
was  worthless,  and  he  then  bid  in  the  land  from  the  Government,  at 
$1.25  per  acre;  there  was  a  saw-mill  on  this  land,  which  he  ran  for 
15  years,  adding  to  it  a  grist-mill  during  the  time;  he  uow  has  480 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  833 

acres  of  land  ;  in  1801  he  built  a  two-storv  brick  (Iwellinp;,  with 
basement,  •2()x4()  feet;  just  previously  he  had  built  a  frame  barn 
40x80  feet,  to  which  3o  feet  has  since  been  added.  Mr.  Maus  found 
but  20  acres  cleared  when  he  first  came  here,  but  by  industry  he  has 
increased  tlu>  plowed  land  to  350  acres.  This  gentleman  is  a  Demo- 
crat and  has  been  Supervisor  10  or  12  years.  School  Treasurer  a 
lonjx  time,  etc.;  is  an  Episcopal  ISIethodist.  Jan.  30,  1840,  he  mar- 
ried Mary  Fornnvalt,  who  died  May  19,  1878,  a  member  of  the  M. 
E.  Church  ;  of  their  three  children,  Joscphns  II,  died  in  infancy, 
John  W.  died  at  the  age  of  13,  and  Jacob  Perry  was  born  Dec.  25, 
1850,  and  married  J^ottie  INIorton,  who  was  born  May  12,  1859,  the 
daughter  of  Richard  and  Eliza  (Allen)  Morton,  and  they  reside  at 
his  father's.     We  give  Mr.  M.'s  portrait  in  this  book. 

Wm.  3IcCracI:cn  was  born  Nov.  27,  1829,  in  Hopewell,  J^icking 
Co.,  O.,  son  of  John  and  Margaret  (Simcox),  father  a  native  of 
Ohio,  near  Athens,  and  of  Irish  origin,  and  mother  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, near  Pittsburg,  of  French  ancestry;  April  14,  1851,  he  mar- 
ried Fanny  Bordner,  who  was  born  April  15,  1831,  in  Ivicking  Co., 
().,  daughter  of  Peter  and  Christina  (Losh)  ]^)ordner,  natives  of 
Pennsylvania.  The  latter  ciame  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1853,  and  are  now 
living  in  this  tp.,  aged  97  and  86  years.  Wm.  McCracken's  chil- 
dren :  Arrista,  born  May  30,  1853,  and  married  Mary  Morton, 
daughter  of  R.  W.,  and  lives  on  the  homestead  in  another  house; 
Ira  Artemas,  Sept.  17,  1854;  Samuel,  Fel).  19,  185() ;  and  Hilda  flane, 
Feb.  7,  18(54, — all  at  home.  Mr.  McC.  has  been  Collector,  School 
Director,  Road  Commissioner,  etc.,  and  is  a  Democrat.  He  is  a 
substantial  farmer,  residing  on  sec.  6  for  the  ])ast  28  years ;  240 
acres  of  home  farm,  besides  80  acres  two  miles  away  ;  he  commenced 
here  in  1851  with  only  $9  and  a  team  and  wagon. 

Charles  MeCumber  was  born  Jan.  10,  LSI."),  in  Ontario  Co.,  N.  Y., 
son  of  Wm.  McC,  of  the  same  county,  and  Ph(ebe,  daughter  of  Beriah 
Kelly,  of  Scotland.  Charles  was  brought  uj)  in  Madison  Co.,  ()., 
where  he  married  Iluldah  R.  Dane,  daughter  of  Jacob  Lane,  of  that 
county;  came  to  Fulton  county  in  Oct.,  1838,  settling  on  a  farm  of 
50  acres  southwest  of  Lewistown  ;  afterward  lived  awhile  northeast 
of  Lewistown  ;  in  1809  he  moved  to  sec.  30,  Liverj)ool  tp.,  where  he 
has  a  farm  of  108  acres.  His  wife  died  in  Dec,  1844,  leaving  4 
children:  Wm.  W.,  born  Oct.  18,  1837;  Sarah  J.,  Nov.  22,1838; 
Orville  M.,  Sept.  8, 1840  ;  John,  May  10,  1842.  Mr.  McC.  took  for 
his  second  wife  Sarah  Caplinger,  who  died  Dec.  11,1856,  leaving 
two  children:  Huldah,  born  Sept.  12,  1848,  and  Clara  M.,  May  5, 
1853.  ^Ir.  McC.'s  third  wife  was  Mary  E.  Weaver,  whom  he  mar- 
ried in  1858,  and  their  5  children  are,  Mary  A.;  Phoebe  L.,  born 
Aug.  19,  1860;  Mvron  N.,  Mav  10,  1862;'  Thomas  A.,  Dec.  31, 
1864;  Florence  L.,'july  13,  186*7;  and  Samantha  A.,  July  3,  1870, 
— all  living  except  Myron  N.  Three  sons  served  in  the  Union 
army  during  the  war, — Wm.  W.,  Orville  M.  and  John,  Mr.  McQ, 
was  formerly  a  Whig;  is  now  a  Republican. 


834  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Meiisena  B'.  Nott  was  born  in  Windsor,  Morgan  Co.,  O.,  Jnly  19, 
1839;  is  the  son  of  S.  M.  Nott,  who  came  to  this  conntv  in  IS/Jo. 
Mr.  N.  enlisted  Ang.  22,  186-2,  in  Co.  B,  Soth  Til.  Inf.,'  and  was 
on  detached  service  for  14  months  >ars  artillerv-man  in  Battery  I,  2d 
111.  Art.  Went  with  Sherman  to  the  sea.  He  was  Corporal  and 
acted  as  Com.  Sergt. ;  at  the  battle  of  Peach  Tree  Creek  he  went  in 
with  40  men  and  came  ont  with  18,  the  rest  killed,  wonnded  or 
taken  prisoners.  While  on  the  march  from  Sand  Town  to  Atlanta 
they  were  annoyed  greatly  by  the  enemy's  sharpshooters.  On  one 
occasion  while  Mr.  N.  was  trying  to  get  a  shot  at  one  of  these  gentry  ; 
he  ])artlv  exposed  his  person  from  behind  a  tree,  when  zip!  went  a 
bullet,  which  cut  his  belt  from  his  waste.  He  was  married  Oct. 
13,  I860,  to  Ellen  M.  Arnett,  who  has  borne  him  5  children. 

Stephen  H.  Nott  was  born  in  Vermilion  Co.,  Ind.,  ISIay  10,  1840, 
and  is  the  son  of  Dr.  Nott.  He  enlisted  Aug.  4,  1862,  in  Co.  B, 
85th  111.  Inf.,  for  service  in  the  late  war.  He  was  in  the  battles  of 
Perryville,  Stone  River,  Chickamauga,  Mission  Ridge,  Lookout 
Mountain  and  Knoxville;  was  with  Sherman  on  his  famous  march 
until  the  battle  of  Peach  Tree  Creek  July  19,  '64,  when  he  was  taken 
prisoner  and  was  an  inmate  of  Anderson ville  prison  from  July  21, 
'64,  till  March  24,  '60,  when  he  was  paroled. 

Dr.  Thomas  Xott  is  a  native  of  Roxbury,  Washington  county,  O., 
where  he  was  born  Feb.  17,  1809  ;  came  to  this  county  in  183-3,  but 
located  ])ermanently  in  1841,  and  taught  school  f  >r  2  years.  His 
father's  name  was  Samuel  Nott,  native  of  N.  H.  His  grandfather 
was  Thomas  Nott,  a  native  of  England  and  a  Revolutionary  soldier. 
His  mother.  Amy  (Van  Clief)  Nott,  was  a  native  of  N.  J.  and 
daughter  of  Peter  Van  Clief,  also  a  Revolutionary  soldier.  Dr.  N. 
was  married  in  Ohio  T^Farch  13,  1828,  to  Celesta  Kent,  daughter  of 
Jal)(>  and  Catharine  (Johnson)  Kent, — the  Kentsof  English  origin, 
the  Johnsons  of  Dutch.  Dr.  N.  has  been  in  the  practice  of  medicine 
continuously  since  he  came  to  this  county.     Resides  on  sec.  29. 

Tijfin  R.'Xott  is  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  was  born  in  Washington 
county,  Jnly  1,  1833;  parents.  Steward  M.  and  Pluobe  (Kent)  Nott; 
they  came  to  this  county  April  27,  I80O,  and  settled  on  sec.  31, 
where  they  lived  till  their  death.  Mrs.  N.  died  in  Dec,  1867,  and 
Mr.  N.  in' Feb.,  1868.  Mr.  N.  was  a  very  strong  Democrat  in  pol- 
itics and  served  the  townshij)  in  some  official  ])osition  about  all  the 
time;  was  J.  P.  for  8  years,  but  never  tried  a  case,  inducing  parties 
to  come  to  an  amicable  settlement  rather  than  to  spend  their  time 
and  money  in  law  contests.  T.  R.  is  now  serving  as  J.  P.  In  '57, 
Dec.  27,  iie  married  Elizabeth  V.  Keeler.  daughter  of  Bcnj.  and 
^Farv  A.  (Ackerman)  Keeler,  and  was  born  June  27,  1842.  Their 
children  are  Mary  C,  Chas.  A.,  Cora  L.  E.,  deceased,  and  Thomas 
C.  They  reside  on  sec,  20,  on  land  entered  by  Benj.  Keeler  43 
years  ago.  Upon  this  land  are  many  Indian  mounds,  where 
relics  have  been  ]>lowed  up,  among  which  are  sea-shells,  with 
notches  cut,  eviently  to  hang  in  the  ears,  as  ornaments ;  also  birds 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  835 

made  of  clay  and  of  diiFerent  species,  copper  tools  and  im])lo- 
ments,  etc. 

James  O'Brien,  farmer,  was  born  in  Buffalo,  N.  Y.,  in  1842,  and 
came  to  this  county  in  the  fall  of  1860;  married  Caroline,  daughter 
of  Solomon  Snider,  in  Jan.,  1865,  and  located  permanently  on  N. 
W.  I  of  sec.  3,  Liverpool  township.  After  having  two  children 
(Minnie  C,  May  3,  1866,  and  Harry  E.,  Aug.  16,  1868),  Mrs. 
O'Brien  died,  April  6,  1875.  Mr.  O'B.  married  again,  Atha  Car- 
ter, who  had  been  born  and  reared  in  Lewistown  township,  and  was 
a  daufrhter  of  Jackson  Carter,  of  Kentuckv.  These  have  had  one 
child,  Jessie  Maud,  born  Nov.  27,  1878.  He  has  164  acres  in  farm, 
all  made  by  himself.     Republican. 

Mr.  O'B.'s  father  was  John  O'Brien,  also  a  farmer,  who  married 
Many  Harkin.  Both  were  natives  of  Ireland,  and  after  their  mar- 
riage they  came  to  Buffalo,  X.  Y.,  about  1837,  where  she  died.  He 
afterward  died  in  Delaware,  Oiiio. 

Alvin  Pollift,  farmer,  sec.  6,  is  son  of  the  next  mentioned  ;  was  born 
in  Mason  county,  Ky.,  Oct.  3,  1835.  He  married  Emily  C.  Estes 
Nov.  17,  1847.  She  was  a  daughter  of  Lewis  and  Ann  (Farris) 
Estes,  and  was  born  in  Franklin  county,  111.,  Nov.  6,  1840.  They 
have  8  children  :  Oliver  P.,  John  A.,  James  L.,  Alexander,  Wm., 
Chas.  H.,  Laura  A.,  and  Delia  Josephine.  INIr.  P.  has  always  taken 
a  deep  interest  in  educational  matters  and  has  been  School  Director 
in  District  No.  1  for  12  years.  He  was  almost  the  first  advocate  of 
free  public  schools  in  the  District.  He  agitated  the  (luestion  and 
the  benefit  of  building  a  school-house  against  great  opposition  from 
some,  even  threatening  to  shoot  him.  On  being  elected  Director  the 
first  time,  he  immediately  made  a  contract  for  and  had  built  a  school- 
house  on  his  own  land.  It  was  made  of  hewn  logs.  It  has  since 
been  abandoned  and  a  fine  frame  erected.  This  District  has  a 
school  fund  of  ^4,000,  the  principal  of  which  was  secured  from  sale 
of  lands. 

James  PoUiff  was  born  in  July,  1800,  in  INFaryland.  His  parents, 
Jonathan  and  Narcissa  (Pollitt)  Pollitt,  were  natives  of  Maryland. 
They  moved  to  Fleming  county,  Ky.,  in  1809,  and  James  married 
Mary  Thomas  July  21,  1822.  She  was  born  in  Fauquier  county, 
Va.,  ^larch  16,  1802.  They  came  to  this  county  in  Sept.,  1836, 
bringing  a  family  of  6  children.  James  Pollitt  died  Feb.  14,  1875. 
The  widow  is  living  upon  the  old  homestead  with  her  son  James. 
One  son,  George  E.,  served  in  the  55th  111.  Inf  during  the  war  for 
3  years.  Mr.  P.  was  a  member  of  the  Baptist  Church,  as  is  his 
widow. 

Amos  F.  Potfs,  deceased,  was  born  in  Loudon  Co,  Va.,  Sept.  15, 
1805,  son  of  Isaiah  Potts,  who  married  Elizabeth  Brown.  Amos  F. 
married  Elizabeth  S.  Dolson,  in  Zanesville,  O.,  April  25,  1828,  who 
'was  born  Feb.  13,  1810;  they  came  to  Clark  county,  111.,  in  Jan., 
1830;  Oct.  31,  1833,  thev  arrived  in  Fulton  countv,  settled  on  sec. 
29,  where  Mr.  Potts  died  Dec.  17,  1866.     Of  his  10  children  8  grew 

49 


83(5  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

up  and  were  married,  and  were  all  born  in  this  eonnty  exeept  the 
two  eldest,  as  follows:  John  Wm.,  Lemuel  W.,  Iluldah  Ann, 
Thonuis  I,,  (Jeor<>e  W.,  Wm.  H.  II.,  Mary  J.  and  Sarah  E.,  twins, 
Martha  J.,  and  Emily  A.  The  parents  saw  the  hardships  of  pioneer 
life,  ineluding;  troubles  with  the  Indians.  They  were  onee  driven 
from  their  home  by  them,  and  on  their  return  they  found  all  their 
goods  piled  in  the  middle  of  the  floor  and  a  few  Indians  there,  who 
said,  "Bad  Indians  gone;  they  were  going  to  burn  the  house,  but 
good  Indians  wouldn't  let  them."  William  enlisted  in  the  103d 
111.  Inf.  and  was  killed  in  aetion  at  the  battle  of  Atlanta. 

Lemuel  W.  Pottx,  son  of  preceding,  enlisted  April  29,  1801,  in 
Co.  H.,  17th  111.  Inf,  the  first  man  from  Liverpool  tp. ;  was  badly 
wounded  at  Frederiektown,  Mo.,  by  a  shell ;  was  one  of  those  who 
made  the  second  eharge  on  the  enemy's  works  at  Ft.  Donelson,  car- 
rving  them  at  the  point  of  the  bayonet;  was  in  the  front  a  great 
deal  at  the  battle  of  Shiloli,  where  he  was  again  wounded;  touched 
fire  to  the  40-barrcl  magazine  of  powder  set  to  blow  up  Ft.  Hill, 
making  a  very  narrow  escape  of  his  own  life  ;  his  regiment  was  the 
first  to  enter  Vicksburg  after  the  surrender;  and  after  engaging  in 
other  hard-fought  battles  (47  in  all,  including  skirmishes)  and  res- 
ponsible military  duties,  his  regiment  was  mustered  out  at  Baton 
Rouge,  May  14,  18(36.  He  now  has  1,700  acres  of  land,  and  is  an 
extensive  stock-raiser  and  ftirmer.  April  9;  1870,  he  married  his 
first  wife,  Martha  E.  Patterson,  who  died  Feb.  14,  1871  ;  Dee.  4, 
1873,  he  married  Jennie  Walworth,  a  native  of  St.  Lawrence  Co., 
N.  Y.,  daughter  of  Noah  and  ]\Iargarct  Walworth.  Mr.  Potts  is  a 
"stalwart"  Republican,  and  has  been  School  Director  several  years. 
Thomas  I.  Potts,  son  of  Amos  F.,  above  mentioned,  married  Sarah 
[jivingston,  Nov.  13,  18(34,  daughter  of  Ccorge  Livingston,  a 
native  of  (Jhio,  and  she  was  burn  Oct.  13,  184();  their  six  children 
living  are  George  W.,  born  Aug.  29,  1865;  Charlev,  Nov.  28, 
1867  ;  Lilly  M.,  Jan.  22,  1870;  Effie  D.,  June  25,  187i  ;  Chalmers, 
Jan.  1,  1874,  and  Gertrude,  Jan.  22,  1878;  ;>rinnie  B.  Mas  born 
Jan.  22,  1870,  and  died  aged  6  months.  Mr.  P.  is  a  Republican; 
has  a  farm  of  123  acres. 

Edwin  Preston,  son  of  the  next  mentioned,  was  born  Aug.  31, 
1844,  and  married  Sarah  E.  Blanchard,  daughter  of  lri\  B.,  of 
Brimficld,  Peoria  Co.,  a  native  of  Maine,  near  Kingfield.  He  has 
4  children, — Winnie  Y.,  born  Sept.  28,  18()7  ;  (George  }l.  and 
Gertie  L.,  twins,  Dec.  4,  1870,  and  Roy  B.,  June  21,  1877.  Mr.  P. 
has  been  in  office  ever  since  he  was  21,  as  Town  Clerk,  School  Di- 
rector, School  Trustee,  Road  Commissioiter,  etc.  Democrat.  Is  a 
farmer  and  stock-raiser  on  see.  14. 

Iliram   Preston  was  born  at  Kingfield,  Franklin  Co.,  j\Ie.,  Jan. 
2:'>,   1817,  son  of  Peter  and  Mary  (Winslow)   Preston,  natives  of 
Martha's  Yineyard,  Mass.,  and  Peter's  father  was  James,  of  the* 
same  jdace  and  of  English  ancestry.     ]\[rs.  Mary  Preston's  father 
was  Ezekiel  Winslow,  a  native  of  England,  and  his  father's  name  was 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  837 

Caneliim.  INIr.  Hiram  Preston  came  to  Illinois  in  1839,  stop- 
ping in  Peoria  Co.,  and  coming  into  Fulton  Co.  in  1840  to  reside. 
In  1841  he  married  Tryphena  Hathaway,  a  native  of  Kingfield, 
Me.,  and  daughter  of  Luther  and  Clarissa  (Hinds)  Hathaway,  na- 
tives of  Mass.,  near  Taunton,  Ijuther's  father  was  Gilbert,  born  in 
En}>;land.  Luther  Hathawav  and  wile  came  to  Peoria  Co.  in  183G  ; 
he  died  in  March,  1873.  Mr.  Hiram  Preston  has  always  been  in 
the  saw-mill  and  lumber  business,  and  in  fanning,  owning  at  present 
5  farms.  Mr.  P.  is  a  Democrat ;  has  been  Postmaster  at  Maple's 
Mill  for  nearly  20  years.  His  three  children  arc  Edwin,  Frank 
and  James  Austin. 

Joi'don  Prichard,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Washington  Co.,  Pa., 
and  came  to  this  county  as  early  as  183(3  and  located  on  sec.  16, 
Ijiverpool  tp.  His  wife  was  Artemisia  Shaw,  of  Licking  Co.,  0., 
where  they  Avere  married.  Eight  chiklren  were  born  to  them : 
Mary  J.;  Robert;  Alexander,  who  died  of  cholera  in  1849;  James, 
Avho  has  been  Steward  of  county  farm  since  1869;  Elizabeth,  Bert, 
Sarah,  P^lla,  and  Rebecca,  who  also  died  of  cholera  in  1849.  Jordon 
Prichard  was  a  farmer  by  occupation  and  a  prominent  man.  He 
died  of  cholera  after  one  day's  sickness  July  13,  1849,  being  the 
second  victim,  Robert  Summers  being  the  first.  Mrs.  P.  was  taken 
sick  on  the  loth  and  died  the  same  day.  Then  followed  Alexander 
and  Rebecca.  Singular  it  is,  but  on  rising  that  morning  INIrs.  V. 
remarked  that  she  dreamed  the  past  night  that  she,  with  2  of  her 
children,  were  to  die  with  the  cholera.  She  ate  breakfast  as  well  as 
usual  and  by  11  o'clock  a.  m.  was  dead.  The  father  of  Mr.  V.  was 
Benjamin  Prichard,  a  soldier  of  the  war  of  1812.  INIrs.  P.'s  father, 
Alexander  Shaw,  was  a  Revolutionary  soldier. 

Joseph  G.  Puiinau  was  born  Jan.  31,  1830,  in  Lewis  Co.,  Ky., 
near  Maysville,  and  is  a  son  of  Daniel  K.  and  Anna  (Grover),  the 
former  of  Culpepi)er  Co.,  A^a.,  and  the  latter  of  Maryland,  near 
Baltimore.  Joseph  G.  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1 854,  locating  on  section 
14,  and  stopping  here  two  years;  in  1864  he  bought  the  farm  on 
wdiich  he  now  resides, — 160  acres  on  sec.  30.  He  married,  in  this 
county,  Christina,  daughter  of  Peter  I^ordner.  Charles  AV.  is  their 
only  child.  Daniel  K.  Putman  was  a  teacher  and  Methodist 
preacher  for  nearly  50  years.     He  died,  aged  77  years. 

James  S.  Baker  was  born  Jan.  18,  1847,  son  of  Nelson  Raker; 
Dec.  3,  1871,  married  Mary  Leonard,  a  native  of  Carter  Co.,  Tenn., 
born  April  4,  1851,  and  daughter  of  Obadiah  and  Esther  (Lacy) 
Ivconanl,  both  of  Tennessee;  their  children  are:  Hetty,  born  June 
22,  1872;  William,  Dec.  31,  1874,  and  died  May  25,  1875;  James 
D.,  April  11,  1876;  and  Frankie,  Aug.  12,  1879. 

Nelson  Bxiker  was  born  in  Se])t.,  1812,  in  Clark  county,  Ky.,  son 
of  David  ]\L  and  Susan  PI  (('haney)  leaker,  natives  of  N.  C, 
the  former  of  German  ancestry  and  the  latter  of  En<>;lish.  Nelson 
was  married  in  Clark  county,  Ky.,  Feb.  9,  1835,  to  Martha  Ann 
Mullens,  w4io  was  born  in  Kentucky ;  they  came  to  Fulton  county 


838  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

in  Nov.,  1855,  l)rinp:ing:  9  children.  Three  -were  born  in  Fulton  Co. : 
Amanda  J.,  Franklin  (dec.  in  infancy),  and  Nelson.  Mr.  Raker 
tirst  lived  on  sec.  7,  5  east,  2  years,  then  near  Slahtown  1  year,  then 
in  Warsaw  one  winter,  then  on  his  present  farm  on  sec.  5,  5  east. 
Mrs,  R.  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Geo.  W.  Ray  was  born  July  "24,  1843,  son  of  \Vm.  Ray,  in  Ash 
Co.,  X.  C. ;  came  to  this  county  in  18(35;  June  24,  18G6,  married 
Mrs.  Anna  Adeline  Yail,  daughter  of  Elijah  Willcoxen,  and  they 
now  live  on  sec.  9;  she  was  born  Dec.  10,  1825,  in  Estill  Co.,  Ky., 
and  May  30,  1850,  married  Joseph  Appleton  Vail,  a  native  of 
Middleton,  O.,  who  died  May  19,  1852,  leavine;  one  son,  Joseph  C. 
Mr.  Ray  served  in  the  6th  N.  C.  Cav.,  Confederate  army,  for  3 
years. 

Benjamin  Scholes  emigrated  from  Yorkshire,  Eng.,  to  the  U.  S.  in 
1820.  Soon  afterwards  he  volunteered  as  a  soldier  in  the  Seminole 
or  Florida  war.  He  afterwards  located  in  St.  Louis  and  was  engaged 
in  steam-boating  on  the  Mississippi  and  Illinois  rivers  until  about 
1840,  when  he  located  in  Liverpool  Here  he  carried  on  a  general 
merchandising  business  for  many  years,  and  in  '73  moved  upon  his 
farm  on  sec.  2.  His  wife's  maiden  name  was  Lucinda  J.  Deaver,  a 
native  of  Md,  Thev  have  a  family  of  8  children  out  of  10  born  to 
to  them.     Mr.  S.  died  March  6,  1876. 

Amos  Shaw  enlisted  in  the  17th  111.  Inf.,  and  served  about  3  years 
in  the  war  of  the  Rebellion,  died  at  Brownsville,  Miss.,  of  lung 
fever,  ]\Iarch  21,  1863.  One  of  his  children  is  still  living  in  this 
county,  James  B.,  on  sec.  8,  Liverpool  tp.  He  married  Mary  E. 
Eveland  in  Oct.,  1877. 

Peter  Shaw  is  a  native  of  Licking  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  Oct. 
17,  1837;  ])arents  were  Amos  and  Angeline  (Bordner)  Shaw.  Mrs. 
S.  was  a  daughter  of  Peter  Bordner,  an  early  settler  of  this  county. 
Amos  Shaw  moved  with  his  family  to  Iowa,  where  he  died.  His 
widow  married  W.  W.  Brown  and  now  lives  in  Lewistown  tp. 
Peter  S.  married  Dec.  5,  1862,  Sarah  E.  Potts,  daughter  of  Amos 
F.  Potts,  who  is  now  living  with  them  on  se(\  30.  They  have  had 
10  children,  only  2  of  whom  are  living,  Orville  P.  and  Sarah  M. 
They  have  an  adopted  child  by  name  of  Martha. 

Hezckiah  Shcnfelta,  sec.  7,  son  of  John  and  Susan  (Swigart)  S., 
natives  of  Pa.  and  of  German  descent.  The  former  is  dead  and  the 
latter  is  living  in  Marion  Co.  Mr.  S.  came  to  this  countv  in  1867; 
married  Sarah  J.  Flaherty,  a  native  of  Va.  She  died,  and  he  mar- 
ried Mary  Cooper.  His  children,  dead  and  living,  are,  Victoria, 
deceased,  Mary  E.,  Elizabeth  L.,  Abraham,  deceased,  Charles  A., 
Edward  F.  and  Margaret,  deceased. 

\Vil(i((in  Shields.  Andrew  Jackson  Shields  came  to  this  county 
about  the  year  1834  and  located  on  a  farm  near  Canton  ;  worked  at 
blacksmithing  occasionally.  His  father  was  Robert  Shields.  His 
wife's  maiden  name  was  Margar^'t  Red.  They  were  married  in 
Indiana  and  had  a  family  of  seven  children,  all  now  living  except 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  839 

Mary  E.  A.  J.  Shields,  sr.,  died  in  1848,  Wm,  Shields  was  born 
in  1836,  and  Man^h  14,  1861,  he  married  Nancy  M.  Willcoxen, 
daughter  of  Maj.  Elijah  W.,  and  is  now  living  on  sec.  10.  He  has 
4  children, —  Prudence  Luella,  Andrew  L.,  deceased,  Elijah  Cal- 
loway, Anna  C.  and  George  Lee. 

Robert  Stinvneri^,  with  a  small  family,  settled  at  Waterford  soon 
after  the  Black  Hawk  war.  He  was  a  Kentuckian  by  birth  and 
education,  but  his  wife  was  from  Vermont.  This  family  soon  moved 
to  Lewistown,  and  after  a  iew  months  moved  again  to  the  vicinity 
of  Liverpool,  where  they  changed  residence  occasionally.  Mr.  S. 
undertook,  about  1840,  to  build  a  bridge  across  the  overflowed  land 
north  of  Liverpool,  and  after  a  mile  of  it  was  nearly  done,  a  flood 
carried  it  away,  and  he  was  consequently  involved  in  debt  from  which 
he  never  recovered.  In  1841  or  '42  he  settled  on  the  place  now 
occupied  by  Hiram  Preston,  where  he  remained  (except  in  1844  he 
had  charge  of  the  Farris  mill  at  INIilton,  three  miles  northwest  of 
Lewistown)  until  he  ended  his  earthly  career  in  the  great  calamity 
detailed  in  the  chapter  of  horrors  elsewhere  in  this  volume.  He 
died  July  10,  1849,  three  children  died  on  the  13th,  and  his  wife 
died  on  the  16th, —  five  out  of  a  family  of  nine  in  six  days!  Three 
of  the  remaining  children  still  live, —  Ewing  at  Galesburg,  111., 
Robert  in  Mississippi,  and  ]\Iary  (now  Mrs.  Stockton)  in  Colorado. 
"  Esquire"  Summers  was  generally  elected  a  Justice  of  the  Peace 
(in  Liverpool  township),  although  he  was  a  Whig  and  all  his  neigh- 
bors Democrats.  He  taught  music  and  a  public  school  occasionally, 
and  was  always  held  in  high  esteem. 

Abraham  M.  Weaver  was  born  in  Madison  Co.,  Va.,  June  7, 
1835.  He  married  Sarah  Slmw  March  5,  1857.  She  is  a  daughter  of 
Robert  and  Catharine  (Bordner)  Shaw.  Mr.  W.  has  lived  on  sec. 
7,  5  N.,  5  W.,  for  12  years,  and  has  improved  most  of  the  place. 
His  parents  are  Alfred  and  Louisa  (Kirtley)  Weaver;  Alfred  and 
wife  came  to  this  county  in  the  fall  of  1836,  bringing  2  children, 
Abraham  and  Elizabeth.  They  lived  the  first  winter  at  Lewistown. 
He  now  lives  at  Maple's  Mill.  A.  M.  W.  has  7  childi'cn  living: 
Christina,  Frank,  S.  Kossuth,  Walter  N.,  Fanny,  A.  G.,  Aman- 
da and  Wm.  C. 

George  W.  WheeJbarger  was  born  in  Augusta  Co.,  Va.,  Nov.  9, 
1821,  son  of  Cyrus  W.,  a  native  of  Rockingham  Co.,  Va.,  and 
whose  father  was  a  native  of  Germany.  Cyrus  married  Sarah  Ehr- 
man,  whose  parents  were  of  Germany.  Geo.  W.  came  to  Fulton 
county,  Sept.  12,  1855,  and  worked  at  a  saw-mill  for  J.  C.  Will- 
coxen for  3  years,  then  bought  a  farm  of  130  acres  on  sec.  6,  Liv- 
erpool tp.,  and  resided  here  ever  since.  Aug.  31,  1855,  in  Va.,  he 
married  Eliza  Drumeller.  They  have  6  children,  namely  :  Addie, 
Granville  K.,  Estie,  Vintie  F.,  Franklin  G.  and  Atha  C.,  all  living 
at  home. 

John  Whitehead  was  born  in  Saddleworth,  Eng.,  June  4,  1807, 
son  of  John  and  Betty  W.     Our  subject  came  to  America  in  1845, 


840  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

to  Fulton  Co.,  April  26,  same  year.  He  was  a  skilled  manufacturer 
of  woolen,  silk  and  cotton  goods  in  Eng.  He  early  engaged  in  the 
saw-mill  business  here.  He  also  ran  a  steamboat  named  ''Liver- 
pool'*' between  La  Salle  and  Beardstown.  Since  1803  has  been  en- 
gaged in  farming,  on  sec.  14,  5  N.,  4  W.  He  bought  this  farm  for 
the  timber  on  it,  but  now  has  100  acres  under  cultivation.  He 
married  Nancy  Savill,  who  is  a  native  of  Eng.  They  brought  a 
family  of  7  children  when  they  came  to  the  tp.,  and  have  3  born 
here.  Mrs.  AV.  died  in  April,  1857;  he  married  in  1858  Wini- 
fred F.  AVood.  John  AVhitehead,  jr.,  served  in  the  L^nion  army  for 
3  years;  was  a  sharpshooter.  Mr.  W.  says  when  he  first  came  here 
it  was  reported  and  believed  that  the  first  white  child  born  in  the 
tp.  was  Mason  Eveland,  on  the  S.  W.  J  of  sec.  14. 

Willcoxen  Family. — Jeremiah  F.  AVillcoxen  was  born  Feb.,  1833, 
.  on  sec.  5,  Liverpool  tp. ;  father's  name  was  Elijah  Willcoxen,  who 
came  to  this  tp,  Nov.,  1830;  J.  F.  lives  on  the  old  homestead  that 
his  father  settled  on  in  1830;  principal  business  has  been  farming 
and  stock-raising,  with  the  exception  of  serving  two  years  as 
Sheriff,  being  elected  to  that  office  in  18G3;  has  held  nearly  all  the 
offices  in  his  tp.,  and  is  the  present  Supervisor,  which  office  he  has 
held  for  the  past  5  terms.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Chruch  ; 
married  Feb.,  1867  to  Lorinda  Rinor  of  Peoria  Co.;  have  a  family 
of  three  children, — Alary  Adell,  Frank  B.  and  Chas.  L. 

Capt.  Elijah  AVillcoxen  was  born  in  Ash  Co.,  N.  C,  in  1789.  He 
was  a  volunteer  in  the  war  of  1812;  also  served  two  years  in  the 
Black  Hawk  war,  first  as  Lieut,  and  then  as  Captnin.  He  was  a 
grand  nephew  of  Daniel  Boone.  He  first  settled  in  Liverpool  tp., 
Nov.,  1830.  At  the  time  of  his  death,  which  occurred  July  3,  1860, 
his  12  grown  children  were  at  his  funeral,  and  his  posterity  num- 
bered 114.  He  was  a  pillar  in  the  Eegular  l^nptist  Church  ;  was 
Justice  of  the  Peace  for  many  years  and  served  in  nearly  all  the 
offices  of  the  township.  His  wife's  name  before  marriage  was 
Charlotte  Calloway,  who  was  born  in  Ash  Co.,  N.  C.  She  was  a 
daughter  of  Col.  Elijah  Calloway,  for  years  a  prominent  member  of 
the  X.  C.  Legislature.  They  were  married  in  1811,  soon  afterwards 
movino;  to  Kentuckv,  where  thev  lived  a  frontier  life  for  15  vears, 
when  they  moved  to  Fulton  Co.  and  settled  on  the  farm  now  occu- 
pied by  the  youngest  son,  ex-Sheriff'  J.  F.  Willcoxen.  Mrs.  Char- 
lotte W.  departed  this  life  June  18,  1874;  was  the  mother  of  14 
children, — 7  boys  and  7  girls,  12  of  whom  lived  to  have  families. 
At  her  decease  her  posterity  numbered  204. 

Six  of  the  boys  lived  on  and  owned  farms  adjoining  the  old  home- 
stead at  the  time  of  their  father's  death.  The  Willcoxen  family  at 
this  time  own  land  north  and  south  for  .'»  miles  on  each  side  of  the 
road.  The  children  are:  Jesse  B.,  E.  Calloway,  Andrew  Jackson, 
Marshall  Ney,  James  Calvin,  and  Jeremiah  F. 

Major  E.  Calloway  Willcoxen  was  a  farmer ;  also  carried  on  the  mill 
business;  he  was  an  enterprising  and   influential  man  in  the  county, 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  841 

taking  an  interest  in  matters  of  public  importance;  was  elected  to 
many  offices  in  the  township;  was  supervisor  for  several  years  and 
held  other  townshij)  offices;  was  a  staunch  Democrat  in  politics. 
He  was  born  in  Estill  county,  Ky.,  March  12,  1817.  He  met  with 
an  accident  by  which  his  thioh  was  broken  and  died  from  the  cilects 
Jan.  22,  1872.  Like  his  father,  he  came  to  be  considered  a  sort  of 
patriarch  in  the  neighborhood,  and  was  respected  and  beloved  by  all ; 
he  left  a  widow  and  a  large  family  of  children  ;  she  still  lives  on 
the  homstead  on  sec.  8.  She  was  Prudence  Putman,  daughter  of 
Redding  Putman,  an  early  settler  of  Putman  tp. 

Jesse  B.  Willcoxen,  the  eldest  son  of  Elijah  Willcoxen,  lived  on 
sec.  8  ;  was  born  Sept.  14,  1813  ;  his  farms  lay  on  sees.  8,  16  and  17  ; 
he  was  an  extensive  farmer  and  owned  nearly  or  quite  a  section  of 
land.  He  was  married  twice  ;  his  first  wife  was  Priscilla  Stufflebeam, 
by  whom  there  were  8  children  born.  She  died,  and  Mr.  W.  mar- 
ried a  second  time.  Margaret  Smith ;  by  the  last  union  there 
were  6  children.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Regular  Baptist 
Church.  He  died  the  17th  of  Oct.,  1872,  very  suddenly.  He  left 
a  widow  and  12  children  and  200  relatives.  His  widow  still  resides 
at  the  old  homestead  on  sec.  8.  He  served  with  his  father  in  the 
Black  Hawk  war. 

Andrew  Jackson  A\'illcoxen,  born  Dec.  7,  1818;  opened  a  large 
farm  in  Liverj)ool  tj).  on  which  he  built  a  fine  brick  house,  with 
other  improvements;  sold  out  and  moved  to  California,  remained  a 
few  years,  when  he  returned  to  this  county  and  again  sohl  out  and 
moved  to  Arizona,  where  he  is  now  living  engaged  in  farming, 
stock-raising,  etc.      II(>  m:u*ried  Mary  .1.  Grigsby. 

Jarass  Calvin  Willcoxen,  after  improving  a  large  farm  in  Liver- 
])Ool  tp.  on  which  he  built  a  large  brick  residence,  he  moved  to 
Lewistown,  where  he  now  lives.  He  has  been  extensively  engaged 
in  the  lumber  business,  also  merchandise,  flouring  mills,  woolen 
mill,  hotel,  and  at  [)resent  is  extensively  engaged  in  farming,  own- 
ing about  5,000  acres;  has  this  year  some  1,200  acres  of  corn  ;  also 
engaged  in  grading  the  Eulton  County  Narrow-Gauge  Railroad  from 
Havana  to  Fairview,  for  which  he  has  taken  a  contract. 

Man^hdU  Xcj/  WiUmxen  was  born  in  Estill  Co.,  Ky.,  Sept.  5,  '27, 
son  of  Elijah  Willcoxen,  now  living  on  part  of  his  fither's  estate, 
sec.  4;  has  been  engaged  in  milling  and  lund)ering.  May  4,  1854. 
he  married  Harriet  Laswell,  daughter  of  Andrew  and  Barbara 
(Baughman)  liaswcll,  earlv  settlers  of  Putman  tp.  She  was  born 
March  20,  183().  Of  their  12  children  \)  are  living,  viz:  (^alvin  L., 
E.  Amelia  (now  wife  of  John  layers,  near  Bryant),  fleremiah  C, 
Marshall  Ney,  jr.,  Charlotte  A.,  Nellie  Florence,  Margaret  E.,  Mary 
Inez,  and  George  Ray.  He  is  a  Baptist  and  Mrs.  W.  is  a  member 
of  the  Christian  Church. 


842  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  township  officials  serving  since  the 
organization  of  the  township,  together  with  the  years  of  serving: 

SUPERVISORS. 

Jacob  Mnus 1850-51  Franklin  Farwell 1866 

Thomas  II.  Hand 1852  Jacol)  Maus 1867-68 

C.  Willfoxen 1853  Robert  Prichard 18(59 

Jacob  Maus 1854-58  J.  F.  Willcoxen 1870-72 

E.  ('.Willcoxen 18o9-60  Jacob  Maus 1873 

D.  U.  Bovington 1861  Benj.  F.  Scholes 1874 

Robert  Prichard 1862-63  Jacob  Mans 1875 

Jacob  Maus 1864-65  J.  F.  Willcoxen 1878-79 

TOWX   CLERKS. 

A.  G.  Poe 1859-60  James  D.  Putman 1868 

Hiram  Preston 1861-63  Hiram  Preston 1869 

S.  R.Quiglcv 1866  Edwin  Preston 1870 

Hiram  Preston 1867  Hiram   Preston 1871-79 

ASSESSORS. 

Elijah  Jenninfis 1859  E.  .Tennings 1871 

Robert  Prichard 1860  R.  W.  Morton 1872 

James  Prichard 1861-62  E.  E.  Saunders 1873 

E.  Jenninirs 1866-67  E.  Jennings 1874 

James  Prichard 1869  R.  W.  Morton 1875-77 

R.  W.Morton  1870  Elijah  Jennings 1878-79 

COLLECTORS. 

R.  W.  Morton 1859  JesseB.  Willcoxen 1869 

J.   B.   Willcoxen 1860-61  Wm.  Sliields 1870 

J.  F.  Willcoxen 1862  J.  B.  Willcoxen 1871 

M.N.  Willcoxen 1S63  E.   Ji'imings 1872-73 

Wm.  McCrai'ken 1864  Hutrh  Flemming 1874 

Robert  Prichard 1865  S.T.Denny 1875-76 

F.  M.  Harrison 1866  Frank  Preston 18/7 

Robert  Shaw 18()7  Edwin  Preston  1877 

James  Prichard 1868  Josei)h  ('.  Vail 187.-79 


ORION  TOWNSHIP. 

Mr.  John  Wolf  and  family  came  to  this  township  in  1828,  and 
settled  upon  sec.  18.  John  Orendorff  and  AVm.  Ulmer  came  into 
this  neighborhood  about  the  same  time.  Of  this  family  we  speak 
in  the  personal  sketches.  Sarah  Motsingcr  was  the  first  child 
born  in  the  township.  The  first  school  was  taught  by  Patsey  Brown 
u])on  sec.  18.  The  first  school-house  erected  was  in  1838,  and 
Esquire  S.  N.  Breed,  now  of  Canton,  taught  the  first  school  in 
it.  The  first  preaching  done  was  in  Mr.  Wolf's  house.  Ozias  Hale 
was  the  first  resident  preacher.  He  had  charge  of  the  Duck  Creek 
Baptist  Church,  which  is  now  the  First  Baptist  Church  of  Canton. 
John  (3rendorff  erected  the  first  frame  house  and  burned  the  first 
kiln  of  brick.  The  first  saw  and  grist-mill  was  erected  upon  the 
west  branch  of  Copperas  creek  by  Gabriel  Walling. 

The  township  is  mostly  covered  with  timber  land  bordering  upon 
the  three  branches  of  Copperas  creek  with  their  various  little  tribu- 
taries. At  the  north  line  of  section  35  Co})peras  creek  divides,  and 
what  is  known  as  the  East  Branch  of  Copperas  creek  flows  east  and 
nortii  through  the  township,  and  what  is  known  as  the  Middle 
Branch  flows  southeasterly.  Near  the  southwest  corner  section  26, 
what  is  known  as  the  West  Branch  of  Copperas  creek  enters  the 
Middle  Fork. 

-^There  are  9,931  acres  of  im})roved  land  in  the  township,  and  13,- 
529  acres  of  land  which  is  not  in  cultivation.  This  is  not  ex- 
ceeded by  any  other  township  in  tiie  county  except  by  Liverpool, 
which  has  a  much  larger  area. 

Kuwait  Station  was  laid  out  by  Jonas  Rawalt,  ujion  his  land  on 
section  30.  It  is  on  the  line  of  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  liy.,  and  only  a 
few  miles  from  Canton. 

Breed's  Station  is  another  little  place  upon  the  line  of  the  Toledo, 
Peoria  &  Warsaw  Ry.  in  tiiis  township.  It  is  upon  the  southwest 
quarter  of  section  27,  and  laid  oH' by  C.  G.  Breed. 

PERSONAL    SKETCHES. 

Lewis  L.  Jones,  co[\]-m\nQr,  was  born  in  South  Wales  in  1827; 
began  working  at  mining  when  he  was  10  years  of  age;  came  to  the 
United  States  in  1848  and  si)ent  a  year  in  St.  Louis,  then  went  to 
St.  Clair  county,  III.,  commenced  mining  in  Caseyville,  and  in  18G7 
came  to  Canton  and  worked  on  the  first  shalt  ever  sunk 
there.     His  present  mine   on   sec.  30,  Orion  tp.,  he  opened  in   the 


844  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

spring  of  1871.  The  coal  is  of  fir.st  quality,  and  the  working  is  4  ft. 
8  in.  Mr.  Jones  married  Elizabeth  Morgan,  a  native  of  Wales. 
They  have  had  8  children,  6  of  whom  are  now  living, — William, 
Lewis,  Elizabeth,  Thomas,  Margaret  and  Hannah. 

John  B.  Kvlli/  was  born  in  Cortland  Co.,  N.  Y.,  in  1820;  moved 
to  Trivoli  township,  Peoria  Co.,  111.,  in  1838,  and  4  years  afterwards 
to  his  present  farm,  sec.  11,  Orion  tp.,  where  he  owns  320  acres. 
He  was  married  to  Miss  Rachel,  daughter  of  Joseph  Proctor,  of 
Orion  tp.,  and  a  native  of  Hamilton  Co.,  111.  They  have  had  14 
children  born  to  them,  10  of  whom  are  living, — P^lizabeth,  Nelson, 
Alonzo,  deceased,  William,  Jane,  Hannah,  deceased.  Hansom,  Alice, 
Stephen  A.,  John,  Orin,  deceased,  Casie,  Emy,  deceased,  and  War- 
ren. Nelson  and  Alonzo  both  enlisted  in  the  army.  The  latter 
joined  the  12th  111.  Cav.,  which  went  .with  Gen.  Banks  on  the  Red 
River  expedition,  where  he  contracted  disease,  which  terminated 
fatally  at  Baton  Rouge. 

Josiah  Kefcham,  farmer,  was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  N.  J.,  in  1838, 
brought  by  his  parents  in  emigration  to  Canton,  111.,  in  1853,  fol- 
lowed farming  3  miles  east  of  Canton  until  1802,  when  he  entered 
the  103d  111.  Inf.,  and  participated  in  the  battles  of  A'icksburg, 
Jackson,  Mission  Ridge,  etc.,  and  on  the  Atlantic,  and  "on  to 
Richmond."  In  1866  he  married  Mary  E.  Addis,  a  native  of  Ful- 
Co.,  and  they  now  have  4  children, — Jennie,  Richard,  Eva  and 
Sherman.  Josiah's  father,  George  Ketcham,  was  also  a  native  of 
New  Jersey,  m.irried  Jane  Bannatta,  of  the  same  place,  and  had  10 
children.  He  came  to  Canton  in  1853,  and  after  farming  3  miles 
east  of  Canton  until  1868,  he  sold  the  farm,  moved  into  town,  and 
has  since  followed  wagon-making. 

Win.  H.  Lowe,  farmer,  was  born  in  this  t]).  Aug.  7,  1842.  His 
father,  John  Lowe,  was  a  native  of  Virginia,  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in 
1837,  and  settled  on  sec.  31,  Orion  tp.,  where  Wm.  H.  was  born; 
married  Isabelle  liiley,  a  native  of  Ohio  ;  they  were  both  mendiers 
of  the  M.  E.  Church.  In  1868  he  moved  to  McDonough  Co., 
where  he  died  in  1877,  and  where  ^Nlrs.  L.  is  still  living.  They  had 
6  children.  AVm.  H.  married  Ann  E.  Br^ed,  a  native  of  this  tp., 
and  they  have  had  5  children, — Mary,  Charles,  John,  Anna  and 
Jilanche.  Mr.  L.  enlisted  in  the  55th  111.,  was  in  the  ])rincipal  en- 
gagements in  the  Southwest,  was  also  in  the  15th  Army  Corps,  with 
Gen.  Slierman  in  his  march  to  the  .sea,  and  during  the  war  he  was 
wounded  in  the  neck  by  a  bullet. 

Thoniati  Manvcl  was  born  in  Wales  in  1802,  son  of  Thomas  and 
Catherine  (Jenkins)  Manuel ;  obtained  his  education  in  Sunday- 
school  in  his  native  country  ;  emigrated  to  America  in  1854,  and  to 
Fulton  Co.  in  18(55;  by  occupation  he  is  a  miner,  but  for  16  years 
he  kept  hotel,  the  Kingston  House  14  years  of  this  time;  at  present 
he  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  27,  Orion  tji.  In  1854  he  married  I^lizabeth 
Jones.  They  have  adopted  a  sou  named  William.  Latter-Day 
Saints. 


HISTOEY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  845 

John  Orendorff,  farmer,  was  born  in  AVilks  Co.,  Ga.,  passed  much 
of  his  early  life  in  several  of  the  Southern  States,  came  to  Illinois 
in  1818,  and  in  1820  married  Margaret  Sale,  related  to  the  family  of 
Gen.  Geo.  Washington,  and  born  in  Wilks  Co.,  N.  C. ;  April  IG, 
1825,  he  became  a  resident  of  tiiis  tp.,  taking  a  farm  which  he  oc- 
cupied for  49  years.  He  died  Jan.  28,  1876,  his  wife  having  died 
July  19,  1867.  He  was  Justice  of  the  Peace  many  years,  and  sol- 
emnized the  first  marriage  in  the  county  ;  he  also  erected  the  first 
saw-mill  in  the  tp.,  and  made  the  first  brick;  he  erected  the  first 
frame  dwelling  in  Orion  tp.  He  was  a  strong,  industrious,  honest, 
social  and  philanthropic  man.  At  a  camp-meeting  held  by  Peter 
Cartwright  near  Canton  in  1832,  he  and  his  wife  were  converted  and 
joined  the  M.  E.  Church,  and  remained  consistent  members  of  the 
same  until  death.  Their  house  was  a  home  for  the  itinerant.  They 
had  5  sons  and  2  daughters :  one  son  died  young,  and  all  the  other 
children  still  live  in  this  county,  except  the  younger  daughter,  who 
is  married  and  lives  in  Fort  Wayne,  Ind.  The  elder  daughter  is  the 
wife  of  Wm.  Parlin,  of  (Linton.  Wm.  J.,  the  second  son,  is  one  of 
the  firm  of  Parlin  cV'  Orendortf.  John  W.  is  a  farmer  in  Banner  tp. 
Henry  H.  is  a  dealer  in  agricultural  implements  at  Canton.  Wash- 
ington S.'s  sketch  is  next  given.  We  give  Mr.  John  Orendorlf's 
portrait  in  connection  with  that  of  his  son,  Wm,  J, 

Washington  Sale  Orendorff,  farmer,  son  of  foregoing,  was  born  in 
Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  Aug.  20,  1822.  In  early  day  he  was  brought 
to  this  tp.,  and  he  still  lives  on  the  old  homestead,  which  now  com- 
prises a  handsome  brick  residence  and  200  acres  of  well  cultivated 
land. 

Jonas  Rawalf,  farmer,  was  born  in  Northumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  in 
1804  :  his  father,  John  Rawalt,  was  also  a  native  of  Pennsylvania, 
and  his  grandfatiior  was  a  General  in  the  Revolutionary  war.  Jonas 
first  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1829,  and  was  one  of  the  first  County 
Surveyors.  He  was  married  in  Clarke  Co.,  Ind.,  March  2.'>,  1825; 
has  had  10  children.  John,  the  eldest  son,  died  in  tiie  army  ;  Enoch 
in  the  west  part  of  Fulton  Co.;  Henry  and  Seth  died  in  inl'ancy ; 
James  lives  in  Urbana,  O. ;  Mary  married  Wm.  M.  Ganson,  Clerk 
of  the  County  Court  for  six  years,  and  lives  in  Mason  Co. ;  Jicnjamin 
lives  in  Nebraska;  Elizabeth  married  a  Mr.  Whiteford  and  lives  in 
Mason  Co. ;  Milton  lives  on  sec.  31,  Orion  tp. ;  and  Jonas  R.  resides 
on  sec.  29,  same  tp.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was  the  first  County 
School  Commissioner,  Sn])ervisor  fi)r  the  first  ten  years  after  town- 
ship organization  was  adopted,  and  was  the  first  member  of  the 
Legislature  from  Fulton  Co.  He  was  also  Major  in  the  7th  111. 
Cav.,  and  three  of  his  sons  were  in  the  war, — John  in  the  56th  Inf., 
Enoch  in  the  8th  111.  Cav.,  and  Bcnj.  F.  in  the  Minnesota  Inf. 
Jonas  Rawalt  is  a  Whig  and  Republican,  and  a  New  Jerusalem 
Church  man  ("  Swedenborgian ").  His  wife  died  Oct.  27,  1878. 
,  Five  of  the  children  have  been  educated  at  the  Urbana  (O.)  Uni- 
versity. 


846  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

L.  P.  Sprague  is  engaged  in  farming  upon  section  36.  P.  O., 
Breed's. 

Amos  Weller  was  born  in  AVarren  Co.,  N.  J.,  Oct.  16,  1833,  son 
of  Michael  and  Priscilla  Lydia  Weller,  natives  also  of  N.  J.  Occu- 
pation, farmer;  has  been  also  bookkeeper.  In  1857  he  married 
Martha  Johnson,  and  their  children  are  one  boy  and  four  girls,  all 
living.     Democrat. 

Jacob  C.  Wolf,  farmer  and  stock  raiser,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  Canton. 
Mr.  W.  was  born  in  Orion  township  on  sec.  18,  in  1839,  and  is  the 
son  of  Thomas  F.  and  Joanna  (Coleman)  Wolf,  He  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Helen  Roe,  of  Peoria  Co.,  111.  Five  children  have 
been  born  to  them, — E.  Lellias,  Thomas  F.,  Jasper  R.,  Ann  Eliza 
and  Herman  Leroy. 

Jasper  X.  Wolf,  farmer  and  stock- raiser,  sec.  18;  P.  O.  address, 
Canton.  Mr.  W.  is  a  member  of  an  old  and  respected  family  of  this 
county.  His  parents,  Thomas  F.  and  Joanna  (Coleman)  Wolf,  were 
early  settlers,  to  this  county.  Jasper  N.  was  born  in  this  township, 
sec.  18,  in  1850.  In  July,  1873,  he  took  unto  himself  a  wife  in  the 
person  of  Susie  Olive  Wolf,  of  Canton.  He  was  married  in  Ban- 
ner township.  Olive  Zulnna  and  Lola  Correna  are  their  children. 
Mr.  W.  has  served  in  many  of  the  local  offices. 

Jeremiah  P.  Ho//* was  born  in  1841,  on  sec.  18,  Orion  township, 
Fulton  county,  111.  His  parents  are  Thomas  F.  Wolf  and  Joanna 
AVolf,  nee  Columan.  ^Mr.  W.  has  served  his  township  as  Supervisor 
for  1 1  years  and  filled  other  positions.  He  is  engaged  in  agricul- 
tural pursuits  upon  sec.  18,  where  he  owns  a  farm.  He  was  mar- 
ried to  Emma  Wise,  of  Canton  township,  and  has  a  family  of  4  chil- 
dren,— Luella,  Geo.  AV.,  Bertha  May  and  Willie  Clifford.  Both 
himself  and  wife  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church. 

Thomas  F.  Wolf  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1805,  but  his  family 
early  moved  into  Ohio,  where  he  was  raised  and  lived  till  1826,  when 
he  started  for  Illinois.  He  met  with  Mr.  John  Coleman,  who  was 
just  moving  liis  family  to  Illinois,  and  ho  came  with  him  and  soon 
after  reaching  Fulton  county  he  married  Joanna  Coleman,  his  eld- 
est daughter,  this  being  the  first  couple  the  late  John  Orendorff 
married  in  Fulton  county.  His  father,  John  Wolf,  with  his  wife, 
came  to  Fulton  county  in  1828,  where  he  lived  and  died.  Mrs.  Wolf 
is  thought  to  have  been  the  first  ])erson  to  die  in  Orion  township. 
Mr.  Thos.  F.  Wolf  and  wife  were  blessed  with  14  children,  9  of 
whom  are  living.  The  family  are  all  married.  Mr.  W.  was  Justice 
of  the  Peace  for  many  years  and  held  many  other  local  offices.  He 
was  a  good  farmer  and  very  successful,  but  worked  very  hard  in  his 
younger  days  and  somewhat  impaired  his  otherwise  vigorous  consti- 
tution. He  died  in  1863.  Of  his  sons  we  also  speak.  They 
represent  among  the  best  farming  interest  of  the  county. 

William  Webster  Wolf,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  was  born  in  Orion 
township,  this  county,  in  1852.  His  parents  were  Thomas  F.  and 
Joanna  (Coleman)  Wolf.     He  was  married  in  Feb.,  1872,  in  Orion 


HISTORY    OF    FUI/rON    COUNTY.  847 

township  to  Esther  Kelly,  a  native  of  Ottawa  county,  O.  They 
have  2  chiklren  :  Alvin  and  eloseph.  Mr.  W.  owns  a  farm  on  sec. 
18,  where  he  now  resides.     P.  O.,  Canton. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 

The  following  gentlemen  have  served  the  townshij)  since  its   or- 
ganization in  the  various  official  capacities  named : 

SUPERVISORS. 

Jonas  Rawalt l^nO-59  J.P.Kellv 1877 

Zalmon  A.Green lS(i(Mi^  Ziliiion  A.  Green 1878 

A.Merrill 18()()-(i8  Jerry  P.  Wolf 1879 

J.  P.  Wolf 1869-76 

TOWN     CLERKS. 

Washington  S.  Orendorff 18."i9-60  W.  S.  Orondorff. 1870 

Amos  L.  Breed 1861  Newton  Bird 1871-73 

AVilliam  Rohey  1862-64  J.  P.Kelly 1874-76 

Reuben  Laton  1866  J.  N.   Bird 1877 

Lloyd  Thorn 1868  Thomas  M.  Lee 1878 

Edmond  Johns 1869  John  Henderson 1879 

ASSESSORS. 

Edgar  H.Ross. 1859-60  John  Fillin<iliam 1876 

Joseph  B.  Whitmore 1861  Milton  Vahdeventer 1877 

Joseph  B.  Whitmore 1866-74  Amos  Weller 1879 

John  Turner 1875 

COLLECTORS. 

Simon  p.  Whitmore 1859  Mark  Bowton 1872 

Thomas  F.  Wolf 1860-61  Henrv  Sevbert  1873-75 

S.  P.  Whitmore 1862-65  William  turl 1876 

William  Kobey  1868  Michael  Thorn 1877-78 

James  Kowe 1869  William  Turl 1879 

Thomas  Roy 1870-71 


PLEASANT  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  is  bounded  on  the  north  by  Bcrnadotte,  east  by 
Isabel,  tlie  south  by  Woodland  and  upon  the  west  by  Vermont. 
The  prairie  and  timber  land  is  finely  proportioned,  and  there  are 
some  as  finely  imj)roved  farms  and  as  enterprising  and  wealthy  agri- 
culturists as  can  be  found  in  the  Military  Tract.  The  entire  town- 
ship is  underlaid  with  strata  of  good  coal ;  however  the  land  is 
good  and  produces  abundant  crops.  There  are  but  few  coal  mines 
in  operation  in  the  township,  and  only  enough  coal  is  mined  to  sup- 
ply home  demand.  There  is  no  water  course  of  any  great  size  in  the 
township.  A  small  stream  called  Otter  creek  rises  in  the  township 
and  flows  in  a  southeasterly  direction  and  passes  out  at  sec.  25. 
AV'illiam  Rolind  was  the  first  pioneer  to  establish  himself  in  this 
township.  He  was  born  in  Kentucky  in  the  year  1800,  and  in  1828 
came  to  this  county  and  erected  a  cabin  upon  sec.  3  of  Pleasant  tp. 
The  old  cabin  yet  remains  as  a  monument  of  the  first  labor  per- 
formed in  this  beautiful  township.  He  had  but  nicely  and  snugly 
arrano-ed  his  home  here  when  James  and  Rilev  lloland  came  to  the 
pleasant  land  and  founded  homes.  Besides  these  there  came  in  during, 
the  year  1829  Daniel  Walters,  D.  Brown  and  a  few  other  families, 
and  ere  many  years  had  rolled  around  quite  a  number  of  daring 
pioneers  were  ensconced  among  the  forest  trees  and  tilling  little 
j)atehes  they  had  cleared.  It  was  some  time  before  any  ventured 
out  upon  the  open  ])rairies.  These  vast  unbroken  wastes  were  then 
thought  useless.  They  were  covered  with  a  rank  growth  of  grass 
that  woidd  hide  a  man  from  view  who  was  riding  through  it  on 
ht)rseback,  so  very  tall  did  it  grow.  Then  the  prairie  fires  were 
something  to  be  dreaded.  When  a  fire  chanced  to  start  in  the 
waving  ocean  of  dried  and  inflammable  material  that  formed  a  con- 
tinuous mass  over  the  wide-spreading  prairies,  it  was  a  sure  mes- 
senger of  death  to  every  living  creature  in  its  relentless  course,  unless 
the  precaution  had  been  j)reviously  exercised  to  guard  against  it. 
The  roar  of  the  fliames  when  driven  by  a  strong  wind  could  be  heard 
two  or  three  miles  away.  The  sight  was  beautiful,  but  the  destruc- 
tion it  carried  in  its  wake  was  ajipalling. 

The  first  child    born  in   the  townsliip  was  C.  Eoland.     The  first 

person  to  die  was  Xancy  Davis.     Elder  J.  Logan  preached  the  first 

sermon  in  the  cabin  of  ISIr.  J.  France.     Alexander  Shaffer  was  the 

first  Justice  of  the  Peace.     The  first  school-house  was  built  in  1830, 

nd  the  first  school  taught  by   Samuel  Clayburg.     Daniel  Brown 


HISTORY    OF    P^ULTOX    COUNTY.  849 

erected  the  first  (rrist-mill  upon  Otter  creek  in  1832or^33.  The 
first  church  buiUlinij;  was  erected  upon  section  14  in  1842.  The 
congregation  was  organized  by  A.  M.  Smith.  It  has  since  gone 
down. 

Among  the  principal  interests  of  the  township  outside  of  the  towns, 
aside  from  the  farming  and  stock-raising,  is  the  extensive  nursery 
carried  on  bv  McCune  &  Co. 

IPAVA. 

Ipava  is  pleasantly  situated,  on  section  6,  which  is  in  the  north- 
western corner  of  Pleasant  township.  It  is  a  station  on  the  C,  B. 
&  Q.  R.  R.,  Rushville  Branch,  and  is  surrounded  by  a  country  which 
is  as  fertile  and  beautiful  as  any  in  the  Co.  Indeed,  the  village  was  at 
first  called  Pleasautville,  owing  to  its  pleasant  location.  It  was 
founded  by  John  P]asley  Sept.  15,  1846,  and  at  present  contains 
about  800  inhabitants,  who  are  noted  for  their  peaceable,  industri- 
ous habits  and  enterprise,  as  well  as  for  their  good  station  in  life. 
Although  Ipava  is  an  agricultural  town,  its  good  society  and  in- 
creasing trade  constitute  an  index  to  the  character  of  all  the  region 
it  represents.  It  is  in  fact  one  of  the  best  business  points  in  the 
county.  We  venture  here  to  particularize  some  of  the  prominent 
features  of  the  place. 

First,  the  woolen  mills,  owned  by  Moorhouse  ct  Hess,  re-modeled 
by  them  from  the  old  oil  mills;  then  the  bank  ;  the  school-house, 
built  in  1876  at  a  cost  of  $3,800,  and  now  in  fine  condition  and 
well  patronized;  two  well  regulated  hotels;  tlree  churches;  mer- 
cantile establishments,  by  McCnne,  Nathan  Iliilit  and  others;  two 
drug-stores;  three  blacksmith  shops;  two  wagon  shops;  two  furni- 
ture shops;  one  newspaper,  the  Stream  of  Li(/hf ;  one  flouring-mill, 
owned  by  C.  Trickey ;  two  public  halls, — Zull's  and  Trickey's,  etc., 
etc. 

The  Presbyterian  church  was  built  in  18o8  at  a  cost  of  $2,000; 
Rev.  E.  Quillin  is  the  present  Pastor.  The  Christian  church  edi- 
fice was  built  in  1854,  by  the  Methodists,  at  a  cost  of  $2,000.  The 
present  Methodist  church  is  a  fine  brick  building,  with  basement, 
erected  in  18(57,  at  a  cost  of  $12,()(H).  Rev.  A.  liowers  is  the  pres- 
ent Pastor. 

There  are  four  practicing  physicians  in  Ipava. 

The  prosperity  of  Ipava  is  clue  in  great  part  to  the  liberal  ])ul)lic 
spirit  of  J.  L.  McCune  and  X.  Hulit,  the  principal  merchants  in 
the  place. 

PERSONAL   SKETCHES. 

We  continue  the  history  of  the  township  and  town  by  giving 
much  personal  historv. 

J.  W.  Bacon,  physician  and  surgeon,  was  born  in  this  State  Aug. 
13,  1838;  at  17  to  20  years  of  age  he  attended  college;  taught 
school;  graduated  at  Rush  Medical  College,  Chicago,  in  1869;  has 


850  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

practiced  medicine  since  1864;  took  special  lessons  in  the  East  on 
diseases  of  the  chest,  under  the  celebrated  Dr.  Jonesnay  of  N.  Y.; 
married  Elizabeth  J.  Bailey  Dec.  10,  1863,  who  was  born  in  Illi- 
nois in  1841 ;  they  have  3  children, — Alta,  Charles  E.  and  Mattie. 
He  owns  a  valuable  piece  of  land  near  Ipava. 

./.  ir.  Ball,  ])hysician  and  surgeon,  Ipava,  son  of  Elijah  and  Mary 
Ball,  was  born  in  Morgan  Co.,  O.,  Sept.  26,  1826;  came  to  Illinois 
in  1854.  He  commenced  his  medical  studies  in  1844  and  the  prac- 
tice of  medicine  in  1849,  in  Ohio.  He  settled  in  Ipava  in  1855, 
where  he  has  had  a  great  run  of  practice.  July  7,  1845,  in  Ohio, 
he  married  Nancy  Buckley,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  Dec.  9,  1824, 
and  they  have  had  10  children,  7  of  whom  are  now  living, —  Caro- 
line M.  (married),  Charles,  a  medical  graduate,  Dillon  P.,  Sarah  J., 
Amos,  J,  V.  and  Bertha.  Dr.  Ball's  father  was  a  first  cousin  of 
George  Washington.     Freemason,     Republican. 

S.  A.  Boi/cr  is  engaged  in  farming  on  section  18.  Postoffice 
address,  Ipava. 

John  N.  Chicken,  furniture  dealer  and  manufacturer,  Ipava,  is  a 
son  of  Daniel  and  Charlotte  Chicken,  and  was  born  in  Ohio  May 
4,  1840.  He  began  to  learn  his  chosen  trade  at  the  age  of  15,  which 
he  has  continued  to  follow  since.  He  accompanied  his  father  to  this 
State  in  1856  and  settled  in  Astoria,  where  he  began  the  cabinet 
business  in  1858.  He  now  keeps  on  hand  a  line  line  of  furniture 
and  does  a  good  business.  He  belongs  to  the  M.  E.  Church,  in 
which  he  has  been  a  licensed  exhorter  for  15  years.  He  has  been 
twice  married,  first  time  Sept.  25,  1861  ;  and  again,  Sept.  26,  1874, 
to  Mary  A.  Moorhouse,  a  native  of  New  Jersey.  They  have  two 
children,  A^ernon  and  Jessie.  By  his  former  wife  he  had  4  children  ; 
Elmer,  Mary,  Sada,  deceased,  and  Carrie  E. 

G.  C.  Cooper,  sec.  23;  farmer,  owning  410  acres  of  fine  land; 
was  born  in  Pennsylvania  Sept.  1,  1818;  came  to  this  State  in  1848, 
settling  in  Fulton  county;  in  1851  he  married  Sarah  D.  Beadles, 
who  was  born  in  Illinois,  Feb.  24,  1833;  they  have  had  9  children, 
8  living  at  present,  namely:  Nancy  J.,  wife  of  C.  Crail,  Lucinda, 
Corinne,  Sarah  E.,  George,  Lucy,  Margaret,  Anna  and  an  infant, 
deceased.  Mr.  Cooper  as  a  farmer  has  risen  from  almost  nothing  to 
affluence. 

William  H.  Cooper,  firmer,  sec.  13;  P.  O.,  Ipava.  Mr.  C.  was 
reared  upon  a  farm  and  chose  that  as  a  life  occupation.  He  was  born 
in  this  State  Nov.  17,  1839  ;  was  married  Oct.  22,  1863,  to  Mary  E. 
Lindsey.  Mrs.  Cooper  was  born  in  Illinois  Oct.  15,  1843.  She 
has  become  the  mother  of  3  children  by  her  marriage  with  Mr.  C, 
only  one  of  whom  is  now  living, —  Bertha  E.,  born  July  21,  1864. 
Lerew  was  born  Dec.  1,  1872,  died  Aug.  28,  1872,  and  Ira  M., 
born  June  15,  1875,  and  died  Jan.  6,  1879.  Mr.  C.  is  a  member  of 
the  Christian  Church. 

Ct.  11".  Cotoicilinan,  farmer,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  Ipava;  was  born  in 
Ohio  March  1,  1849;  came  to  Illinois  in  1866;  was  married  in  this 


V«s»-.- 


Siiii. 


Of  THE 
IIMVFKSITY  OF   ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  853 

county  in  Sept.,  '73,  to  IMargnret  Buck.  She  w:is  born  in  this  State 
in  '53.  One  child,  Harry  M.,  lias  been  born  to  tiieni.  He  was 
born  Aug.  27,  '75.  Mr.  C.'s  chances  for  an  education  were  quite 
limited,  and  he  had  no  means  with  which  to  start  in  life,  but  by 
hard  labor  and  good  business  management  has  acquired  a  good  farm. 

*S'.  Z.  (b}i))ci/))ifni,  fixrmer,  sec.  16;  P.O.,  Ipava ;  is  the  son  of 
George  and  Emma  Councilman,  and  was  born  in  the  Buckeye  State 
on  the  29th  of  Oct.,  1839.  During  the  late  war  he  enlisted  and 
went  to  do  battle  for  his  country.  He  served  18  months  in  Co.  E, 
43d  Ohio  Inf.  Mr.  C.  was  united  in  the  holy  bonds  of  matrimony 
with  Miss  Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Dr.  Van  Horn,  of  Ohio.  Mrs. 
C.  was  born  in  that  State  in  '42.  They  have  5  children, — George 
F.,  Benjamin  M.,  Boly,  Emma  and  Willie. 

J.  D.  Craig,  blacksmith,  Ipava,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  Oct.  27, 
'22  ;  came  to  this  State  in  '55  ;  settled  in  Ipava  in  '77  ;  June  4,  '51, 
he  married  Edith  Easley ,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in  '27,  and  they  have  4 
children, — Melville,  Madra,  Stickley  and  Elizabeth.  Mr.  Craig  is 
a  skilled  workman  at  his  trade. 

Jesse  Cramblef,  barber,  Ipava,  son  of  "William  and  Elizabeth  C, 
was  born  in  Ohio  July  2(5,  '33;  his  father  died  when  he  was  young, 
and  he  first  became  engineer,  and  in  1862  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  84th 
111.  Inf;  served  3  years;  was  in  battles  of  Perryville,  Buzzard 
Roost,  Franklin,  Xashville  and  many  others;  was  married  in  Ohio 
Oct.  6,  '52,  to  Elizabeth  Chicken,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  Nov.  24, 
1834. 

John  Danner,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  29 ;  owns  268  acres  of 
land,  and  a  dwelling  which  cost  §2,000;  was  born  in  York  county, 
Pa.,  April  5,  '39  ;  his  mother  died  when  he  was  small,  and  his  father 
emigrated  with  him  to  this  State  in  1850;  in  1860  he  married  ^la- 
tilda  Trone,  who  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1841,  and  they  are 
the  parents  of  6  children,  4  of  whom  are  living, — Jesse,  Joseph, 
George,  Charles  ;  deceased, — Littie  and  Willie. 

Daniel  David,  farmer.  Mr.  D.  owns  a  fine  farm  adjoining  the 
town  of  Ipava,  and  has  his  residence  inside  of  the  corporation.  He 
was  born  in  Ohio  April  20,  '26,  and  has  followed  farming  all  his  life. 
He  came  to  this  State  with  his  father  who  located  in  this  countv  in 
1833,  being  but  7  years  old  at  the  time.  In  1849  he  was  married 
to  Winifred  Baker,  who  was  born  in  1833.  She  has  borne  him  6 
children,  5  of  whom  are  living:  Miner,  Reese,  Francis  M.,  Melinda 
and  Pollen.     Laura  E.  is  deceased. 

,/.  ir.  D  ivid,  Police  Magistrate,  Ipava,  was  born  in  this  town  in 
Oct.  30,  1846.  He  began  active  life  clerking  in  a  dry-goods  store, 
which  occupation  he  followed  for  10  or  12  years.  He  was  united  in 
marriage  April  16,  1873,  with  Ella  J.  Coley.  She  was  born  in 
Ohio  Oct.  6,  '49.  The  union  has  been  blessed  with  3  children, — 
Vida,  born  Nov.  11, '74;  Lloyd,  born  Nov.  25,  '76,  and  Mable, 
born  August  16,  '78.  Besides  the  office  he  holds  at  present  Mr.  D. 
has  held  the  office  of  Town  Clerk. 

50 


854  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

E.H.DicJiI;  P.  O.,  Sumnuim ;  born  in  Bedfttrd  couiify,  Penn., 
^lay  17,  '48 ;  enii^riited  to  Fulton  county,  Aj)!'!!  17,  'Oo  ;  wa.s  teacher 
and  farm  nianag'crofSt.  Paul's  Soldiers' (Orphan  Home,  Butler,  Penn., 
from  Sept.  1,  1873  to  Sei)t.  15,  1875;  also,  editor  and  proj)rietor  of 
Blairstown  (Iowa)  Independc ni iXwYm^r^  the  Centennial  antl  presidential 
campaign  of  1876;  engaged  at  teacliing  and  farming  at  j)resent ;  is 
an  active  member  of  the  A.  O.  U.  \V.  and  A.  F.  ami  A.  M. 

JoJin  C.  Uobhiiis,  retired  farmer,  son  of  Hoi)crt  P.  and  Catharine 
A.,  was  born  in  Ohio  March  27,  '11  ;  Capt.  of  militia  in  Ohio  ;  came  to 
Illinois  in  18-'>6and  settled  in  this  county;  has  been  School  Trustee 
and  Director  and  Township  Assessor,  and  connected  with  the  U.  G. 
R.  R.  In  Ohio,  in  1834,  he  married  Hannali  A.  Miller,  who  was  a 
native  of  that  State.  They  have  had  8  children  ;  the  4  boys  who 
are  living  are  Robert  L.,  John  C,  Abler  X.  and  David  T.  Mr.  D. 
had  4  sons  in  the  late  war,  and  lost  2  of  them  there.  He  resides  in 
Ipava. 

Joseph  Elliott,  sec.  34;  farmer;  P.  O.  Summum  ;  born  Nov.  16, 
1844;  in  1864  he  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  151st  111.  Inf.,  and  served  12 
months;  married  in  this  county  Feb.  14,  1870,  ^'irginia  Shelly, 
who  was  born  in  Virginia  in  1848,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  3 
children, — Lillie,  Maggie  and  Adda.  Mr.  E.'s  father  was  a  native 
of  New  York  and  his  mother  of  Ohio:  wife's  parent's  were  natives 
of  Virginia.     He  owns  240  acres  of  land. 

/o/i;i  J^rance,  farmer,  sec.  29 ;  born  in  Ohio  May  10,1807;  has 
always  been  a  farmer;  came  to  this  county  in  1831,  with  no  means, 
but  has  acquired  a  competence.  He  lirst  married  in  Ohio,  in  1825, 
choosing  Malina  Cogan,  also  a  native  of  Ohio,  born  in  1816;  they 
had  9  children ;  7  are  living.  In  1869  he  married  Lucy  Brown. 
Mr.  F.  was  in  the  Black  Hawk  war. 

Alexander  Freemrui,  farmer,  sec.  36  ;  P.  O.,  Summum  ;  was  born 
in  Oneida  Co.,  New  York,  Feb.  6,  1808,  son  of  liirhard  W.  and 
Abigail  (Bowers),  the  former  a  native  of  New  Hampshire  and  the 
latter  of  Connecticut.  \\'hen  2  years  of  age  he  was  brought  with 
the  family  in  emigration  to  Ohio,  where  he  remained  on  a  farm 
until  28  years  of  age,  when  he  came  with  his  father  to  Isabel  town- 
ship, this  county  ;  followed  carpentering  ibr  about  5  years,  then  re- 
turned to  farming.  In  18.30  he  built  a  saw  and  flourinji-mill  on 
Spoon  river;  was  in  the  Black  Hawk  war;  in  Lewistown,  May  7, 
1829,  he  married  Mary  Benson,  who  was  born  in  Livingston  Co., 
N.  Y.,  Jan.  11,  1814,  and  they  are  the  j)arents  of  7  children,  4  of 
whom  are  living;  Marille  C,  who  married  A.  E.  Lane;  Malvina, 
who  married  A.  C.  Hatch;  Lorin,  who  died  in  the  army;  Harriet, 
who  also  married  A.  Y..  Lan(%  and  is  deceased;  William  A.,  Dexter 
and  Mary  L.,  who  married  John  C.  Moore,  and  is  deceased. 

John  Freiley,  farmer,  sec.  27  ;  P.  O.,  Summum.  Until  he  reached 
his  majority  Mr.  F.  passed  his  life  upon  a  farm,  since  which  time 
he  followed  first  one  thing  and  then  another  until  9  years  ago,  when 
he  again  returned  to  farming.     After  leaving  the  farm  he  first  worked 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  855 

in  a  saw-mill  for  a  time,  then  onijagod  in  the  dry -goods  business  for 
several  years,  then  returned  to  the  saw-mill  business.  lie  eame  to 
this  State  in  1834,  and  is  the  present  Assessor  for  Pleasant  town- 
ship. In  July,  1837,  he  was  married  to  Mary  Lane,  who  was  born 
in  Ohio  August  18,  1858.  There  has  been  a  family  of  9  ehildren 
born  to  them,  7  of  whom  are  living, — Edgar,  Oscar,  Grace,  Flora, 
Jason,  Lois,  Zenas,  Fannie  and  Ira. 

Wiirudii  J.  GiUdt,  physician  and  surgeon,  is  a  son  of  Samuel  and 
Juda  Gillett,  and  is  a  native  of  this  State,  and  his  birth  occurred 
July  23,  '41.  The  Doctor  began  the  study  of  medicine  in  18G1 
under  the  instruction  of  a  brother  in  C^hicago.  He  then  read  with 
Dr.  Durant  some  10  months,  after  which  he  attended  lectures  at  the 
Iowa  Medical  Institute  and  graduated  in  1868.  He  came  to  this 
county  in  1865  and  began  tiie  ])ractice  of  his  profession  in  Ipava  in 
1871,  where  he  has  enjoyed  a  liberal  practice  since  and  has  been  em- 
inentlv  successful.  The  Doctor  also  j»;raduated  from  the  St.  Louis 
Medical  College.  On  the  14th  of  June,  '65,  he  was  married  to 
Martha  E.  Mitchell,  a  native  of  Illinois,  in  1847.  They  have  had 
a  family  of  6  children  born  to  them,  5  of  whom  are  living, — Emma, 
AVillie  F.,  Georgia  A.,  Keitha,  Mattie,  deceased,  and  an  infant.  Dr. 
G.  belongs  b(^th  to  the  Masonic;  and  Odd  Fellows  orders  and  is  a 
member  of  the  Christian  Church.  In  1861  he  enlisted  in  Co.  E, 
17th  111.  Inf ,  and  served  3  vears. 

Xdfhan  Hiilif,  merchant,  Ipava,  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1836,  reared 
on  a  farm,  well  educated,  clerked  in  a  store,  came  to  this  State  in 
1857,  commenced  mercantile  business  in  Ipava  in  1869,  and  has 
prospered  well.  In  1859  he  married  Cassandra  Wysong,  born  in 
Ohio  in  1839.  Their  three  children  are  Marv,  Laura  and  Stanlev. 
Mr.  HuHl  carries  S6,()00  Morth  of  stock  in  general  merchandise, 
and  also  deals  in  produce.  We  give  his  portrait  elsewhere  in  this 
volume. 

Mdtthew  Kingerj/,  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  sec.  36;  P.  O.,  Sum- 
mum;  was  born  in  Indiana  Feb.  19,  '21,  son  of  Tobias  and  Mary 
(Onion)  Kingery.  Mr.  Kingery  has  always  been  an  industrious 
farmer,  commenced  with  but  little  means  and  now  has  a  comfortable 
home,  the  farm  consisting  of  175  acres  in  good  cultivation.  He 
emigrated  to  Illinois  with  his  mother  in  1837,  his  fither  having 
previously  died. 

Sfephoi  Kinsci/,  farmer,  sec.  6  ;  P.  O.,  Ipava.  To  Richard  and 
Sarah  Kinsey,  while  residents  of  Ohio  there  was  born  a  son  upon 
the  1st  of  Nov.,  '21,  whom  they  christened  Stephen,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch.  Until  he  reached  his  majority  he  passed  life  upon  the 
farm,  at  which  time  he  began  the  teaching  of  school  and  has  taught 
steadily  for  about  8  years.  He  came  to  this  township  in  1842,  and 
has  held  many  local  offices  of  the  township;  was  married  in  1848 
to  Phoebe  Bogue,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1828.  They  have  4 
children  living  of  a  family  of  8  born  to  them, — Daniel,  Stewart, 
Eli  and  Joel,  deceased,  Jesse,  Charles,  Harry  and  Mary. 


856  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Solomon  7vb.s7,  proprietor  of  the  Kost  House,  Ipava.  !Mr.  K.  is 
one  of  the  most  genial  of  landlords  and  for  many  years  the  Kost 
Hftuse  has  borne  a  good  reputation.  He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania 
Nov.  30,  '27.  At  the  age  of  22  he  learned  the  harness-making 
trade  and  continued  to  follow  it  at  intervals  until  a  few  years  ago. 
He  came  to  the  State  in  '47  and  settled  in  this  county.  In  July, 
'59,  he  was  married  to  ^lartha  M.  Cheny,  a  native  of  A^ir^inia,  and 
born  in  1832.  They  have  a  family  of  3  children  :  William,  Horace 
C.  and  Ora. 

John  Laci/,  farmer,  sec.  4 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava.  Mr.  L.  is  one  of  the 
largest  agriculturists  in  the  county,  owning  GOO  acres  of  fine  farm 
land,  worth  SoOper  acre.  He  was  born  in  Xew  York  Jan.  28, 1804. 
He  was  reared  upon  a  farm,  and  has  continued  to  follow  the  life  of 
a  farmer,  at  which  he  has  been  very  successful.  He  came  to  this 
county  in  1837  where  he  has  since  resided.  He  was  married  in 
New  York  to  Chloe  Herd,  who  was  born  in  that  State  in  1806. 
This  union  has  resulted  in  the  birth  of  9  children,  5  of  whom  are 
living:  Lyman,  now  Circuit  Judge;  Harriet,  wife  of  Charley  John- 
son; Susan,  wife  of  E.  Porter,  Table  Grove;  John  and  Mary.  Mr. 
L.  has  held  the  office  of  Supervisor.  He  is  one  of  the  pioneers  of 
this  county  and  has  done  his  part  toward  changing  it  from  a  wild 
waste  to  a  fruitful  field. 

/.  31.  Landis,  of  the  firm  of  Martin  &  Landis,  grocers,  Ipava, 
was  born  in  Va.,  Sept.  26,  1843;  attended  college  2  years;  came  to 
this  State  in  1855,  spent  3  years  in  McLean  Co.,  then  8  years  in 
Ohio,  then  3  years  in  Iowa,  and  in  1876  settled  in  Ipava,  where  he 
followed  fruit-packing  2  years;  but  in  1877  he  commenced  the  gro- 
cery business,  which  he  has  since  continued.  He  edited  the  Ashland 
Union  4  years,  and  the  Dallas  County  (Iowa)  Xrirs  2  years ;  has 
been  Town  Clerk  and  member  of  Town  Board  ;  is  a  R.  A.  Mason  ; 
married  Miss  Pancoast  in  Ya.,  Mar.  10,  1868,  who  was  a  native  of 
Ohio,  born  in  1841  ;  have  had  3  children,  2  living, — Sada  A.,  born 
Jan.  15,  1871  ;  Margaret,  July  7,  1873;  James  W. 

-V.  D.  Lindscif,  farmer,  sec.  16;  P.  O.,  Ipava;  born  in  this  State 
Jan.  12,  1846,  and  reared  on  a  farm,  where  educational  opportuni- 
ties were  limited,  but  is  able  to  calculate  for  himself;  married 
Nancy  J.  Hughes  in  Feb.,  1865,  also  a  native  of  this  State,  born 
Jan.,  1846,  and  they  have  6  children, — Lowrada,  Stephen  E.,  Chas., 
Aha  AL,  Mary  and  Nathan  D.  Mr.  L.'s  father  was  a  native  of 
Ohio  and  came  to  Illinois  in  an  early  day. 

William  A.  Littleton,  retired  farmer.  This  gentleman  was  born  in 
the  Buckeye  State  Dec.  7,  1827,  and  is  the  son  of  Fielden  and 
Anna  Littleton.  He  has  been  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  all 
of  his  life  until  the  last  8  years.  He  came  to  this  State  with  his 
father  in  1831  and  located  in  Fulton  Co.  He  moved  to  Missouri 
in  1856  and  remained  there  until  1865  engaged  in  herding  cattle. 
He  then  returned  to  this  State.  He  was  married  in  1848  to  Amanda 
J.  Lindsev.     Mrs.  L.  was  born  iu  Ohio  in  1830.     She  has  borne  5 


*i- 


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15 


Of  THE 
UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  859 

children,  3  of  whom  arc  living, — Arthur  J.,  Susannah  E.,  the  wife 
of  N.  T.  Cooper,  and  Luella.  Mr.  L.  began  life  with  but  little 
property,  but  by  industry  and  economy  has  acquired  a  good  prop- 
erty.    He  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church. 

Win.  Mafhcicn,  retired  former,  P.  O.,  Ipava ;  was  born  in  Mary- 
land Sept.  2,  1808,  son  of  Charles  and  Agnes  M. ;  came  to  this  State 
in  1843;  was  married  in  Pennsylvania  to  Mary  Hannum,  a  native 
of  that  State;  they  have  had  16  children,  8  of  whom  are  alive. 
Mr.  M.  had  3  sons  in  the  late  war  at  one  time  ;  one  died  at  Nash- 
ville.    Mr.  Mathews  has  always  been  a  farmer  during  active  life. 

/.  H.  Mii.vwell,  farmer,  sec.  6 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava ;  was  born  in  Ches- 
ter Co.,  Pa.,  Fel).  17,  1817;  passed  his  boyhood  days  upon  a  farm 
until  he  was  19  years  of  age,  when  he  went  to  Philadelphia  and 
learned  the  plastering  trade,  which  he  followed  at  intervals.  He 
came  to  this  State  and  settled  u|»on  his  present  farm  in  1853.  Mr. 
M.  has  also  learned  the  art  of  working  in  what  is  called  betony,  by 
which  process  he  has  made  many  fine  walks  and  pavements.  He 
has  been  three  times  married  :  first  in  Ohio  to  Jane  Campbell  in 
1840.     His  present  wife  is  Elyddia  Brown,  who  was  born  in    Ohio. 

Joseph  Mdi/all,  insurance  agent,  son  of  James  and  Eliza  (Shields), 
was  born  in  Indiana  Oct.  12,  1834;  enlisted  in  18(jl  in  Co.  C,  11th 
111.  Cav.,  and  served  7  months;  came  to  this  State  in  1862;  Sept. 
29,  '64,  married  Alia  Doisey,  who  was  born  in  Virginia  about  1843; 
they  have  had  8  children,  7  of  whom  are  living, —  NVillard  L.,  Dessa 
S.,  Atfa  v.,  Arta  M.,  Emanuel  R.,  Emues  C,  Sada  E.  and  Lima 
(dec).     Christian  Church. 

(S'.  \V.  McCas/in,  merchant,  Ipava.  ^Ir.  McC.  carries  a  large 
and  well-selected  stock  of  groceries  and  transacts  a  good  business. 
He  was  born  in  Ohio  March  6,  '28 ;  passed  his  boyhood  upon  a 
farm,  and  at  the  age  of  16  began  to  learn  the  carpenter's  trade, 
which  he  continued  to  follow  until  1876,  when  he  came  to  Ipava 
and  embarked  in  the  mercantile  trade.  He  enlisted  in  the  late  war 
in  Co.  H,  25th  Ohio  Inf ,  and  served  2  years  as  Sergeant.  He  par- 
ticipated in  several  hard-lbught  battles  while  in  that  company,  and 
in  1864  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  181st  Ohio  Inf,  and  was  promoted  to 
1st  Lieutenant.  He  came  to  Ipava  in  1870;  was  married  May  9, 
'50,  in  the  Buckeye  State,  to  Mary  Brunker,  who  was  l)orn  in  tiiat 
State  Xov.  6,  '28.     Laura  E.  and  Jesse  are  their  children. 

/.  L.  McCane,  banker  and  merchant,  was  born  April  9,  '34,  in 
in  Muskingum  Co.,  O. ;  his  ])arents  emigrated  with  him  to  Fulton 
county  in  1837,  settling  near  Lewistown  ;  at  the  age  of  15  he  enter- 
ed the  store  of  Jieadles  &  Evans  and  worked  tliere  2  years ;  then 
his  father  sent  him  to  Muskingum  College,  Ohio,  1  year;  clerked 
for  several  firms  in  Lewistown,  commanding  the  highest  wages;  re- 
•  turned  to  .the  college  with  the  intention  of  finishing  his  scientific 
course,  which  he  would  have  done  in  10  months  more,  but  had  to 
come  back  and  take  charge  of  his  father's  business;  since  1856  he 
has  followed  the  dry -goods  trade  in  Ipava;  also  dealt  in  grain  and 


860  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

lumber;  besides,  he  has  a  good  nursen'  in  Buckheart  tp.  and  is  con- 
nected with  a  bank  in  Ipava,  established  in  1876  ;  he  also  deals  in 
agricultural  implements.  Mr.  McCune  began  in  life  with  very  lit- 
tle, but  by  energy  and  fair  dealing  he  has  continued  to  prosper 
more  and  more  until  the  present  time.  At  first  he  vowed  to  give 
10  per  cent,  of  his  income  to  benevolent  purposes  until  he  was  worth 
S20,000,  and  then  15  per  cent.  He  has  kept  his  vow.  For  7  years 
he  has  been  Superintendent  of  the  Sunday  School.  Aug.  28,  '60, 
he  married  Martha  E.,  daughter  of  Rev.  E.  Quillin,  Pastor  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church  at  Ipava.  She  was  born  July  9,  '38,  in  Vir- 
ginia. They  have  6  children, — Henry  G.,  Myron  M.,  Mary  E., 
Adelaide,  Anna  B.  and  James  H.  Mr.  McCune's  father  was  born 
in  1804  in  W.  Pa.,  and  is  now  Probate  Judge  of  Grundy  Co.,  Mo. 
His  mother's  maiden  name  was  Eliza  Long,  daughter  of  George 
Long,  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  Mr.  McC.  is  a  member  of  the 
Presbyterian  Church.  The  portrait  of  Mr.  McCune  and  Avife  may 
be  found  in  this  volume. 

/.  X.  McLaren,  blacksmith,  was  born  in  Illinois  May  17,  1845; 
farmed  until  18  years  of  age,  since  which  time  he  has  followed 
blacksmithing;  came  to  Ipava  in  1873;  has  been  Constable  two 
terms,  member  of  the  Town  Board  one  term;  in  1870,  married 
Jennie  Daw,  who  was  born  in  1851  ;  has  3  children,  2  now  living, — 
Daisy  B.  and  Frank  X.  Enlisted  in  1^63,  in  Co.  C,  151st  111.  Inf., 
and  served  one  year.  He  is  an  Odd  Fellow  and  a  member  of  the 
Chri^tiau  Church. 

Horace  3Ic Mullen  is  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  on  the  south- 
west quarter  of  section  25,  P.  O.,  Otto. 

William  Moorhouse,  partner  of  Mr.  Hess  in  the  Ipava  Fulling 
Mills.  In  this  factory  are  employed  15  hands,  and  a  good  business 
is  carried  on.  He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  Aug.  6, 1835  ;  came  to 
this  State  in  1867  and  located  in  Ipava,  and  soon  embarked  in  his 
present  business.  He  is  a  thorough  business  man  and  owns  one- 
third  interest  in  the  Canton  Woolen  Mills.  His  parents  were 
natives  of  England,  and  his  wife,  Margaret  Johnson,  whom  he 
married  in  New  Jersey  in  1859,  was  born  in  that  State  in  1839. 
Thev  have  a  familv  of  3  children :  Marv  L.,  Anna  E.,  and 
AVilliam  H. 

Eli  Paull,  farmer,  P.  O.,  Ipava.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a 
son  of  James  and  Emily  Paull,  and  was  born  in  Ohio  July  24, 
1826.  The  (tpportunities  enjoyed  for  an  education  were  indeed 
meager.  He  came  to  this  State  and  county  in  1840,  and  has  made 
this  his  home  since.  He  has  been  twice  married  :  first  in  Indiana 
in  1861,  and  in  1876  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  ^lartha  E. 
Patterson,  who  was  born  in  this  State  Sept.  4,  1844.  They  have 
one  child.  Bv  his  former  wife  he  had  a  familv  of  3  children  :* 
Harry,  Alva  H.,  and  Harriet  E. 

Robert  Paull  was  born  in  Va.  Aug.  9,  1810;  reared  on  a  farm; 
arrived  in  this  State  Nov.  20,  1839;  has  been  clerk  in  the  County 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  861 

Clerk's  office  and  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  many  years, —  the  latte 
office  ever  since  1842;  has  been  County  Treasurer  5  years ;  mar 
riod  Harriet  Bidwell  Sept.  28,  1886,  who  was  born  in  Vt.  Oct.  9, 
1817,  and  they  have  had  9  children,  7  of  nhom  are  living, — Frank, 
Mary,  Estella,  Sarah,  Emma,   Amelia  and  Mary;  deceased  —  Ella 
and  William. 

William  Paull,  farmer,  sec.  18,  Pleasant  township.  Mr.  P.  was 
born  in  Ohio  Nov.  6,  1824;  came  to  Illinois  in  1848,  and  located 
in  this  county.  The  following  year  he  was  united  in  marriage  with 
Rachel  Carv,  who  was  born  in  Kentuckv  in  1832.  There  were 
born  to  them  7  children,  of  whom  Charley,  James,  Alice,  Ida  and 
William  are  living.     Miranda  and  Mary  E.  are  deceased. 

Henri/  Paret/,  hardware  merchant,  Ipava,  is  a  native  of  the  Eng- 
lish Isle  and  was  born  Feb.  15,  1820.  He  followed  the  occupation 
of  farming  until  he  was  27  years  of  age  when  he  learned  the  car- 
penter's trade,  and  which  he  followed  at  intervals  until  1865,  when 
he  embarked  in  the  hardware  business  at  Ipava.  For  a  time  he 
was  engaged  in  the  manufacture  of  steam  engines.  He  was  united 
in  marriage  with  Mary  Tratt,  who  was  also  born  in  England. 
They  have  a  family  of  2  children  :  Sarah  A.  and  Alice  M. 

Samuel  Porter,  agriculturist,  sec.  22  ;  P.  O.,  Ipava.  Mr.  P.  was 
born  in  Ireland  Sept.  28,  1840;  crossed  the  Atlantic  and  came  to 
America  with  his  father  in  1849.  His  father  located  in  Ohio.  In 
1857  Stimuel  came  to  Fulton  county  and  has  made  this  his 
home  since.  He  was  reared  upon  the  farm  and  has  adopted  that  as 
a  life  profession.  He  has  held  several  of  the  local  offices  of  the 
township.  June  20,  1860,  he  was  married  to  Mary  M.  Gibson, 
who  is  a  native  of  Illinois,  having  been  born  in  this  State 
in  184.3.  They  are  the  j^arents  of  8  children,  6  of  whom  are  living: 
Elmer,  Ada  E.,  Choel  B.,  Ilillie  A.,  Otis,  G.  H.  Those  deceased 
are  Millie  and  Anna. 

L.  Pratt,  retired  farmer,  Ipava,  was  born  in  Vermont  April  27, 
1798;  had  a  fair  education;  taught  school  about  25  terms  of  6 
months  each;  came  to  Illinois  in  1854;  in  1824  married  Sarah 
McMoinz;  they  had  11  children,  8  of  whom  are  living;  in  1859  he 
married  Minerva  Potter,  who  Mas  born  in  New  York  in  1811. 

H.  C.  Pratt,  farmer  and  stock  dealer,  sec.  16  ;  P.  O.,  Ipava  ;  born 
in  Brown  county,  O.,  May  1, 1844;  came  to  this  State  in  1850,  and 
to  this  countv  in  1858  and  settled  where  he  now  resides;  enlisted  in 
Co.  B,  84th  111.  Inf  Vol.,  in  1862,  and  served  2  years  and  10  months ; 
was  in  the  battle  of  Perryville  and  several  other  hard-fought  battles  ; 
married  Laura  A.  Hannah  in  1866,  who  was  born  in  Kentucky  in 
1848  :  they  have  4  children, — Charles  E.,  Lanson,  James  and  Frank. 

Pev.  E.  Qnilli)i,  Minister  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  son  of 
Jas.  and  Martha  Quillin,  was  born  in  Virginia  March  30,  1808.  He 
was  reared  upon  a  farm,  and  his  j)arents  were  poor;  hence  his  chances 
for  an  early  education  were  very  limited.  After  he  reached  his  ma- 
jority he  attended  Greenville   College  2  years  and  attended   Prince- 


862  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

ton  Seminary  3  years.  Ho  began  in  the  ministry  in  1837.  During 
that  Year  he  was  married  to  Mary  E.  Hedj^cs,  who  was  born  in  New 
Jersey  in  Aug.,  1808.  They  are  the  parents  of  o  children  :  Martha 
E.,  wife  of  J.  L.  MeCune,  of  Ipava ;  Laura  E.,  Mary  E.,  J.  M.  and 
Anna  B.  Asa  minister  Rev.  Q.  possesses  considerable  ability  and 
exerts  great   influence  for  good.     We  give  his  portrait. 

/.  M.  Rodman,  station  agent  and  operator,  I]>ava,  is  a  son  of 
Samuel  and  Mary  R.,  born  in  I^enn.  Aug.  30,  1844;  came  to  this 
State  in  1865,  settling  in  Adams  Co.;  came  to  Ipava  in  1869; 
clerked  in  dry -goods  store;  was  switchman  at  de]>ot ;  commenced 
as  telegraph  operator  in  1866;  has  been  Village  Trustee;  in  1864 
married  Mary  Hormick,  who  also  was  born  in  Pennsylvania;  Min- 
nie R.  is  their  only  child,  born,  June  12,  1865. 

Leicis  Bouch  was  born  in  Maryland  June  9,  1833;  came  to  Illi- 
nois in  1864;  first  married  Tabitha  Smith,  in  1868,  who  was  born 
in  this  State  in  1841  ;  they  had  4  children, — Lewis  E.,  Thomas, 
Nathaniel  H.  and  Salina  (dec.) ;  then  married  Nancy  Weese  in 
1866,  Avho  was  born  in  Illinois  in  1845.  Mr.  Rouch  has  always 
been  a  farmer,  and  now  owns  80  acres  of  land  worth  $50  an  acre. 
Reformed  Church.     P.  O.,  Duncan's  Mills. 

Kinzie  Shields,  farmer,  sec.  36;  was  born  in  this  county  May  4, 
1844,  son  of  Kinzie  and  Katie  Shields,  natives  of  Indiana  ;  enlisted 
in  1861  in  Co.  H,  3d  111.  Cav.,  served  3  years;  was  in  the  battles 
of  Vicksburg,  Perryville,  Mission  Ridge,  etc. ;  in  1863  he  re-en- 
listed in  Co.  B,  same  regiment,  and  served  one  year;  was  on  the 
plains  to  fight  Indians.  Oct.  25,  1867,  he  married  Susan  Kiugery, 
who  was  born  in  this  county  in  1851  ;  their  5  children  are  Laura, 
Etta  Guy,  Hattie  V.,  Lucy  J.  and  Hiram.  Member  of  the  Chris- 
tian Church. 

G.  W.  T.  Smith  was  born  in  Tennessee  Oct.  19,  1821,  son  of 
Arthur  and  Christina  Smith;  has  always  followed  farming;  came 
to  this  State  in  1834,  settling  in  Pleasant  tp. ;  Sept.  7,  1844,  he 
married  Mary  A.  Bonnel,  who  was  born  in  Indiana  Dec.  3,  1839, 
and  they  have  had  7  children,  4  of  whom  are  living, — Christina, 
Mary  J.,  Samuel,  Henrietta:  3  children  died  in  infancy.  Mr. 
Smith  is  a  well-to-do  farmer  on  sec.  12.     Methodist.     P.  O.,  Ipava. 

Robert  Tratt,  of  Pavey  <k  Tratt,  dealers  in  hardware,  Ipava. 
Mr.  T.  was  born  in  England  in  May,  183(5,  and  crossed  the  Atlantic 
for  America  in  1851,  and  first  stop])ed  in  New  York,  where  he  re- 
mained till  1857,  and  in  1863  located  in  Ipava  and  engaged  in  the 
hardware  trade,  and  at  present  carries  §6,000  worth  of  stock.  May 
16,  ^^'ti],  he  was  married  to  Carrie  E.  Stafford,  mIio  is  a  native  of 
Eugland,  having  been  born  in  that  country  in  1846.  There  have 
been  2  children  born  to  them,  John  W.,  deceased,  and  Freddie. 
Mr.  T.  has  been  President  of  the  Town  Board  and  held  other  local 
offices. 

JoJin  1  a »r//*»,  farmer,  sec.  20;  200  acres;  P.  O.,  Ipava;  Demo- 
crat.    Mr.  V.  was  born  in  Virginia  Oct.  2,  '37 ;  son  of  Joseph  and 


HISTORY   OP    FULTON    COUNTY.  863 

Louisa  Vaughn;  emigrated  in  1840  to  the  place  where  he  still  re- 
sides. Has  been  Road  Commissioner  two  terms  and  School  Direc- 
tor 7  years.  In  1857,  in  this  State,  he  married  Rebecca  France, 
who  was  born  in  Illinois  in  July,  '43,  and  they  are  the  parents  of  8 
children,  6  now  living, — George  M.,  Mary  E.,  Amanda  J,,  Lillie 
A.  D.,  Elizabeth  and  Fanny  ;  deceased, — Sarah  and  Charley. 

Martin  Weaver,  farmer,  sec.  20 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava.  Mr.  W.  was  born 
in  Germany  May  15,  '17,  where  he  spent  about  one-half  century  of 
his  life.  In  1863  he  crossed  the  Atlantic  and  came  to  America  and 
located  in  Fulton  county.  He  came  without  means,  but  has  accu- 
mulated a  nice  farm  property  upan  which  he  doubtless  will  pass  the 
remainder  of  his  life.  His  wife,  Anna  M.  Shrader,  was  also  born 
in  Germany.  They  are  the  parents  of  7  children,  of  whom  one, 
Conrad,  is  deceased.  Those  living  are  Harmon,  George,  Henry, 
Maggie,  Nicholas  and  Mary  A.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  W.  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Diinkard  Church. 

John  J.  Weese,  farmer,  sec.  32 ;  65  acres ;  P.  O.,  Summum ;  was 
born  in  Tennessee  Nov.  14,  '30,  son  of  W.  F.  and  Nancy  Weese, 
both  natives  of  Tennessee;  in  '43    came  to   this  county  with  an  ox 

team;  married  here   in  '59,  Miss  Clara  I. ,  who  was  born   in 

this  county  in  '43;  they  are  the  parents  of  9  children, — May  E., 
Wilson  P.,  William  J.,  John  E.,  James  A.,  Nancy  J.,  Cary  E., 
Joseph  F.  and  Everett  E. 

Pleasant  Weese,  sec.  28;  P.  O.,  Summum;  came  with  his  father 
to  this  State  in  '42  ;  in  '64  he  married  Mary  J.  France,  who  was 
born  in  Illinois  in  '46;  they  have  hud  7  children,  3  of  whom  are 
living, — Oliver  P.,  Emma  J.  and  Archie;  deceased — Lenna,  Willie, 
Laura  and  Henry.  Mr.  Weese  commenced  with  little,  but  is  now 
in  comfortable  circumstances. 

H.  H.  Wileman,  farmer,  son  of  Jesse  and  Elyddia  Wileman,  was 
born  in  Ohio  April  18,  '26;  came  to  this  State  with  his  father  in 
1840,  when  they  had  but  little  means,  but  has  since  accumulated  a 
handsome  amount  of  property.  Nov.  25,  '51,  he  married  Mary 
Zull,  who  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1832;  they  have  had  11  children, 
9  of  whom  are  living, — Laura,  Angeline,  Charles,  Caruthers,  Ed- 
ward, Jesse,  Ruth  A.,  William  and  Cora  B,  and  two  infants  de- 
ceased. 

TOWNSHIP   OFFICIALS. 

The  following  is  a  full  and  complete  list  of  the  Supervisors, 
Clerks,  Assessors  and  Collectors  serving  in  this  township  since  its 
organization : 

SUPERVISORS. 

J.P.Montgomery 18.i0-52  W.M.Marshall 180.'] 

Jolin  Lacy 18o3-54  A.  H.Smith lS(i4-65 

Janu'8  xMcCune 18")5  S.  P.  Marshall 18(i6 

J.  P.  Mont>romery 1850-57  Soloiinui  Strouse  1807 

James  Lovcll 1858  S.  P.  .Marsiiall 18<i8 

William   Phelps 1859  E.  B.il)cock 18)9-71 

James  Montgomery  1800  S.  P.  Marshall 1872-79 

William  liubcock 1801-02 


864 


HISTORY    OF   FULTON    COUNTY. 


TOWN'    CLERKS. 


R.  C.  Rowley 1850-51 

Steplien  Kinsev 1852 

J   P.  MontfTomery 1853-54 

Stephen  Kinsey 1855-56 

Chas.  Babcni-k 1857 

Stephen  Kinsev 1858-60 

Al)ner  Beale....' 1861-(i3 

0.  Garwood 1864-65 

Samuel  Porter 1866 


J.  M.  Isabel 1867 

S.  W.  Durham 1868-69 

P.  A.  R:iv 1870-72 

C.  M.  Salzenstein 1873 

Robert  Paul) 1874-75 

S.  E.  Carlin 1876 

J.  \V.  Lamlis  1877-78 

J.  D.  Gamble 1879 


ASSESSORS. 


Joseph  Marshall 1850 

J  iseph  Pitull 1851 

William  David 1852 

W.  E.  ilontjromerv 1853 

Henry  Hilton .*. 1854 

Houston  Ramsey 1855 

John  Lacy 1856-57 

Houston  Ramsev 1858-59 

Henrv  Babcoek  " 1860 

H.  a'  Babcock 1861 

C.  E.  Babcoek 1862 


S.  P.  Marshall 1863 

Amos  Bricker 1864 

Henrv  Babcock 1865 

Lemuel  Lindsey 1866 

John  Shuman 1867-71 

William  Babcock 1872-73 

I.  M.  Van  Horn  1874-75 

John  Freilev 1876-77 

Ohed  Garwood 1878 

JohnFreiley 1879 


COLLECTORS. 


S.  A.  Rowlev 1850 

Joseph  Pauil 1851 

V.  M.  Grewell 1852 

James  Lovell 1853 

Hosea  Parvin 1854 

Y.  M.  Grewell 1855 

Houston  Ramsey 18-^6 

J.  P.  Farquar 1857 

S.  P.  Marshall 1858 

AVilliam  David 1859 

Solomon  Strouse 1860 

A.  H.  Smith 1861 

S.  }'.  Marshall 1862 

H.  P.  Kelley 1863 

Joseph  Beale 1864 


Abraham  Roberts 1865 

C.  E.  Johnson 1866 

01)ed  Garwood 1867 

L.  B.  Lindsev 1868 

J.  H.  Smith.." 1869 

William  Lovell 1870 

J.  M.  Isabel 1871 

Robert  PauU 1872 

Jacob  Hart 1873 

Wm.  Walter 1874 

John  Freiley 1875 

Obeil  Garwood 1876 

San)uel  Porter 1877 

Benj.   Bidwell 1878 

Abram  Roberts 1879 


^fe. 


S\ 


PUTMAN  TOWNSHIP. 

Of  the  22,232  acres  of  land  in  Putman  township,  9,397  are  under 
cultivation.  The  total  assessed  vakiation  of  the  land  in  the  town- 
ship is  ^329,084.  There  are  789  horses,  1,559  cattle,  426  sheep, 
and  2,382  hogs  in  the  township.  It  is  a  good  agricultural  township 
and  is  crossed  by  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  and  C,  B.  &  Q.  Railroads,  which 
afford  excellent  transportation  facilities  to  market  the  produce  raised 
and  the  coal  mined. 

The  township  is  well  covered  with  timber  and  must  have  been  pic- 
turesque and  romantic  in  its  natural  condition.  Then,  doubtless, 
the  points  of  timber  and  the  valleys  must  have  been  attractive  re- 
sorts for  the  red  man.  Even  now,  when  dotted  over  with  fields  and 
houses  and  barns  and  lowing  herds,  its  stillness  broken  by  the 
rumbling  of  long,  heavily-ladened  trains  of  steam-drawn  cars,  one 
cannot  help  but  admire  the  beauty  of  the  scenery  as  presented  by 
these  groves. 

The  township  received  its  name  in  honor  of  its  first  settler,  Mr. 
Reading  Putman,  who  located  upon  the  southeast  quarter  of  sec.  2 
in  1823.  Embracing  a  good  deal  of  timber  land,  as  this  township 
did,  it  soon  attracted  a  liberal  share  of  immigration,  as  it  is  a  fact 
that  all  the  pioneers  sought  the  timber  districts  in  which  to  locate 
their  c  aims,  believing  that  it  would  be  easier  to  make  farms  by 
grubbing  and  clearing  the  lands,  than  it  would  be  to  reduce  prairie 
land  to  farm  tillage  and  remunerative  returns.  But  as  time  ad- 
vanced, and  the  later  settlers  were  forced  out  upon  the  prairies  and 
began  to  experiment  upon  them,  the  first  settlers  were  made  to  real- 
ize that  thev  had  made  a  somewhat  costlv  mistake  bv  selectino-  tim- 
bered  claims.  They  had  been  pitching  brawn  and  muscle  against 
nature;  for  all  that  the  prairies  needed  was  to  be  tickled  with  the 
plow  to  make  them  yield  living  crops  the  first  year  and  heavy,  re- 
munerative returns  the  second. 

Not  many  years  rolled  by  after  Mr.  Putman  had  erected  his  cabin 
on  section  2,  before  Stephen  Strickland,  John  Holcomb,  William 
Pearson,  Hugh  and  Absalom  Maxwell,  Stephen  Eveland,  Seth  Hil- 
ton, Asel  T.  Ball,  Salmon  Sherwood,  David  Haacke,  Elijah  and 
William  Putman,  Asa  and  Samuel  Mallory,  Hi  rah  Saunders,  An- 
drew Laswell  and  Levi  Millard  came  in  and  improved  farms. 
Messrs.  Strickland,  Holcomb  and  Pearson  were  all  Regular,  or 
"  Hard-shell,"  Baptist  ministers. 


866  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Harvey  L.  Ross  relates  that  he  partook  of  bear  meat  at  Andrew 
Laswell's  which  Mr.  L.  had  killed  in  his  neighborhood. 

The  first  grist-mill  was  built  by  Jacob  Ellis  on  Big  creek,  upon 
sec.  35,  in  1824.  This  was  the  first  mill  in  Fulton  county.  Mr. 
Ellis  also  had  a  cotton-gin  here.  Much  of  this  article  was  culti- 
vated in  this  countv  at  an  earlv  dav.  The  first  marria";e  was  sol- 
emnized  Feb.  20,  1825,  the  contracting  parties  being  Asel  T.  Bali 
and  Miss  Rebecca  Ellis.  Seth  Hilton  was  the  first  Justice  of  the 
Peace.  He  subsequently  moved  into  Liverpool  tOM'nship  and  be- 
came one  of  its  first  settlers.  The  first  school  Avas  taught  bv  Wm. 
Putiuan  in  a  small  log  cabin  on  sec.  11.  The  first  church  was 
built  at  Ceuterville  (now  Cuba)  in  1840,  by  a  congregation  of  the 
Christian  Church.  It  passed  out  of  their  hands  and  is  now  owned 
by  the  ^lethodist  people. 

CUBA. 

This  town  is  situated  upon  the  northwest  quarter  of  section  20, 
and  is  one  of  the  oldest  towns  of  the  county.  It  is  very  pleasantly 
situated  in  the  midst  of  a  fine  agricultural  district,  and  is  one  of  the 
leading  places  of  the  county  at  which  coal  is  mined.  Large  quanti- 
ties of  coal  are  shipped  from  Cuba,  and  the  mines  situated  northwest 
of  the  village  are  quite  extensive.  A  small  railway  track  is  laid 
from  the  mines  to  the  depot  of  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  Ry.,  a  distance  of 
over  a  mile.     Coal  is  hauled  in  small  cars  by  horses  to  the  depot. 

Cuba  is  a  good  business  point  and  contains  several  good  stores, 
churches,  school-houses,  and  many  pleasant  residences.  In  1834 
Ephraim  Brown  laid  out  a  little  town  upon  the  northwest  quarter 
of  sec.  20  which  he  christened  Middletown.  Two  years  afterwards 
(Nov.  16,  1836)  Joel  Solomon,  D.  W.  Vittum,  Samuel  Brooks  and 
T.  B.  Coggswell,  platted  another  town  upon  this  section  and  gave  it 
the  name  of  Centerville.  Two  towns  upon  one  quarter-section  was 
too  much,  so  they  were  consolidated  and  named  Cuba.  Cuba  is 
on  the  line  of  the  Toledo,  Peoria  ct  Warsaw  Ry.,  and  about  an  equal 
distance  from  Canton  and  Lewistown.  It  is  also  on  the  line  oi  the 
Fulton  Countv  Narrow-Gaug-e  Rv.,  which  runs  from  Fairview  to 
Havana.  Grading  is  now  (fall  of  1879)  progressing  finely  upon  this 
line. 

CIVER. 

Civer  is  a  small  station  on  the  line  of  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  Ry.  It  is 
located  on  the  northeast  (piarter  of  sec.  12,  and  about  7  miles  from 
Cuba.  There  is  a  dej)ot  building,  postoffice,  store,  shop,  etc.,  here, 
but  its  close  proximity  to  Canton  will  prevent  it  from  becoming  any 
great  commercial  center,  or  ever  of  local  importance,  although  situ- 
ated in  the  midst  of  a  fine  farming  district. 


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OF  THE 
UNIVERSITY  OF  ILLINOIS, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  869 

PERSONAL    SKETCHES. 

We  append  as  part  of  the  history  of  the  town  and  township : 

Silas  J.  Banfz.     This  gentleman  lives  npon  sec.  12;  P.  O.,  Civer. 

Levi  Berarc],  farmer,  sec.  2;  P.  ().,  Cul)a.  licvi  is  a  son  of  Jacob 
and  Anna  (Bnckley)  Bevard ;  was  born  in  Licking  connly,  O.,  in 
1825.  Eleven  years  later  he  was  brought  to  this  county.  Mr.  B. 
had  very  meager  opjiortunities  to  gain  an  education.  He  used  to 
work  out  by  the  month.  He  remembers  working  for  Isaac  Dowell 
at  $7  per  month,  and  also  for  A.  C.  Thomas  at  same  figures.  He 
now  owns  240  acres  of  good  land.  He  was  married  in  the  J^uckeye 
State  to  Miss  Bettie  Newel,  who  has  borne  him  5  children.  Susan, 
John  and  Jasper  are  living:  one  girl  and  one  boy  deceased. 

John  Bldchihjf,  farmer,  car])enter,  proprietor  of  a  saw-mill,  sec. 
35;  P.  O.,  Lewistown  ;  was  born  in  Licking  Co.,  C,  Feb.  18,  1829, 
and  is  the  son  of  John  and  Polly  (Golden)  Blackaby.  Mr.  B.  came 
to  the  county  in  1854  and  has  since  lived  within  3  miles  from  where 
he  does  now.  He  built  his  saw-mill  in  May,  185(i,  and  ran  it  suc- 
cessfully for  15  years.  He  now  owns  889  acres  of  land  and  has  im- 
proved all  of  his  farm  except  ()0  acres.  In  1857,  Ai)ril  !),  in  Mc- 
Donough  Co.,  he  was  married  to  Sarah  Brown,  Mho  was  born  Nov. 
26,  1 836.  Their  children  number  7, — Luella  May,  Mary  E.,  Velma, 
Estella,  John  T.,  Andrew  P]dson,  David  Dayton,  and  one  deceased. 

Jo/i)t  Bolton,  merchant,  Cuba.  Mr.  B.  was  born  in  England  Feb. 
19,  '05,  and  is  of  Scotch  and  English  descent,  his  mother  being  a 
native  of  Scotland  and  his  father  of  England.  He  came  to  this 
county  in  1844.  He  attended  the  connnon  schools,  and  ])r('])ared 
himself  for  the  ministry  and  has  preached  the  Gosjud  for  40  years, 
17  years  in  England.  He  is  at  ])resent  conducting  a  boot  and  shoe 
and  general  store.  He  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  In  1826, 
while  in  England,  he  married  Margaret  Brown.  They  have  4  sons 
and  daughters  living  and  all  married,  out  of  a  family  ol'io  children 
born  to  them. 

George  H.  Boynton,  commercial  traveler,  was  born  in  Fulton  Co. 
in  1845,  and  is  the  son  of  Albert  and  Nancy  Boynton.  Mr.  B.  at- 
tended the  common  schools,  Buffalo  ]iul)lic  schools  and  Brvant  & 
Stratton's  Commercial  CoHege,  Chicago.  July  6,  '62,  he  enlisted  in 
17th  U.  S.  Inf,  regular  service,  and  took  part  in  1(5  battles,  and 
was  taken  prisoner  at  Peable's  farm.  He  was  united  in  marriage 
with  Sarah  Pising  July  11,  1877.     They  reside  in  Chicago. 

C.  F.  Bump,  farmer,  sec.  14;  P.  ().,  Civer.  Mr.  B.  was  born 
in  the  Emjnre  State  in  1829.  His  parents,  Herman  and  Ziphia 
(Fuller)  Bump,  were  natives  of  the  same  State,  where  they  died. 
Mr.  B.  came  to  this  State  in  1848,  and  since  1850  has  resided  in 
Fulton  Co.  He  was  united  in  marriage  in  New  York  State  with 
Anna  Maria  Foote,  a  native  of  that  State  and  born  in  1832.  Mr. 
B.  has  led  a  quiet,  peaceable  life,  and  in  his  business  has  been  mod- 
erately successful.     His  residence  is  on  sec.  14;  postoffice,  Civer, 


870  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Mrs.  Henri/  Clatjburf/  was  born  in  Richland  Co.,  C,  Sept.  5,  '20, 
and  is  the  daughter  of  Simon  Peter  and  Eve  (Harpster)  Kesler. 
S'.ie  attended  the  common  schools  in  Ohio,  where  she  secured  her 
education.  She  was  united  in  marriajje  with  Henrv  Clavburfi:  in 
1841,  and  10  vears  later  thev  came  to  Fulton  Co,  Thev  had  l)orn 
to  them  3  sons,  of  whom  are  living  John  and  James.  Charlie,  the 
oldest  child,  died  when  22  months  old.  Her  husband's  occupation 
was  that  of  a  farmer,  and  she  resides  on  sec.  11.  Mr.  C.  died  in 
1863.     Mrs.'C.'s  postoffice  address  is  Cuba. 

A.  Cruise)!,  harness  and  shoemaker,  Cuba,  was  born  in  Hanover 
township.  Licking  Co.,  O.,  July  11,  '23,  and  is  the  son  of  Francis 
and  Catherine  (Ryne)  Cruisen,  of  Pennsylvania.  In  1849  became 
to  this  county,  where  he  engaged  in  farming.  This  occupation  he 
was  comj^elied  to  abandon  on  account  of  being  afflicted  with 
rheumatism,  which  he  did  in  1854.  Jan.  6,  '46,  he  was  married  to 
Nancy  Irwin,  who  bore  him  3  children.  She  died  Nov.  25,  '55. 
He  was  united  in  marriage  the  second  time  March  16,  '57,  with 
Sarah  Wheeler,  daughter  of  an  old  settler.  She  is  a  member  of 
the  Christian  Church. 

Henry  De  Graff,  barber,  Cuba ;  was  born  at  Saratoga  Springs, 
N.  Y.,  Jan.  15,  '43,  and  is  the  son  of  Joseph  and  Catharine  (Hews) 
De  Graff",  of  Xew  York.  He  first  came  to  this  county  in  1847,  was 
taken  to  Iowa  and  returned  in  1850,  since  which  time  this  has  been 
his  home.  He  also  is  a  i)laeksmith  by  trade,  as  well  as  a  barber. 
He  has  worked  at  the  former  trade  with  his  father,  who  was  also  a 
blacksmith.  He  enlisted  in  the  103d  111.  Inf.  Oct.  2,  '62,  under 
Capt,  Vandevander,  of  Canton.  Was  mustered  out  July  5,  '66,  at 
Chicago.  He  took  part  in  every  engagement  his  company  did  save 
one.  He  married  Miss  Xancy  Hasty  Aug.  16,  ^^Q.  Margaret 
Ellen  and  Mattie  Viola  are  their  2  children. 

George  W.  Doicns,  farmer,  sec.  13;  P.O.,  Civer;  came  to  this 
county  in  1857  at  the  age  of  8  years,  and  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  this  county.  He  was  born  in  Knox  county,  O., 
Sept.  20,  '49,  and  is  the  son  of  Theoj)hilus  and  Catharine  (Mans- 
field) Downs.  His  father  was  a  native  of  Maryland,  and  died  here 
on  the  farm  in  1870,  and  his  mother  was  born  in  the  Buckeye  State. 
George  was  married  in  Lewistown  on  the  9th  of  Oct.,  1873,  to  Sarah 
O.  Bryant.     Their  only  child  is  named  Charles  Franklin. 

Harriet  Efnor. — This  lady  resides  upon  sec,  8,  upon  the  fine  estate 
of  the  late  George   Efnor.     P.  O.  address,  Cuba. 

John  H.  Einrji  was  born  in  Joshua  townshiji,  this  county,  in  1841, 
Dec.  25,  and  was  a  Christmas  present  to  his  j)arents,  David  F.  and 
Catharine  (Alms)  Emry,  who  were  married  on  New  Year's  Day  of 
that  year.  His  father  was  from  Ohio  and  his  mother  a  native  of 
Pennsylvania.  They  reside  in  Canton  township.  At  the  outbreak 
of  the  war  Mr.  E.  enlisted  in  the  67th  111.  Inf.  and  was  discharged 
at  Cam}>  Douglas  in  Oct.,  '62.  On  the  4th  of  Dec,  '67,  in  Canton, 
he  was  married  to  Harriet  E,  Vaughan,  who  was  born  May  27,  '45, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  fi71 

They  have  a  family  of  6  children  :  Effie,  Daisy,  Rosa,  Frank  Lee, 
Ralph  and  the  baby.     Mr.  E.  resides  on  sec.  1 ;  P.  O.,  Civer. 

P.  IF.  GaUagcr,  attorney  at  law,  Cnba,  was  a  native  of  Liver- 
pool, Eno;land,  where  he  was  born  July  1, 1852  ;  parents  were  Wm. 
and  Mary  (Rilferty)  Galla<2;er,  the  first  a  native  of  County  Mayo, 
the  last  of  County  Roscoinuion,  Ireland.  They  came  to  the  United 
States  in  1854,  bringing  a  family  of  two  children,  locating  the  same 
year  at  Canton  this  county.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  obtained  his 
education  in  the  Canton  high  school;  in  1868  he  went  into  the  office 
of  the  Canton  Ledger  to  learn  the  printing  business,  remaining 
there  about  three  yetirs ;  he  then  commenced  the  study  of  law  in  the 
office  of  J.  L.  Murphy,  Esq.,  of  Canton;  read  law  for  five  years; 
while  studying  law  he  taught  school  for  4  terms  in  this  county  ;  was 
in  187.'5  elected  Police  Magistrate  of  Canton,  to  fill  a  vacancy; 
served  two  years;  then  was  elected  Justice  of  the  Peace;  Sept.  18, 
'75,  he  was  admitted  to  the  Bar  by  the  Supreme  Court,  then  in  ses- 
sion at  Ottawa ;  has  been  located  at  Cuba  for  the  past  four  years. 
Mr.  G.  has  probably  as  large  a  practice  as  any  lawyer  of  his  age  in 
the  county,  having  been  unusually  successful.     We  give  his  portrait. 

John  George,  farmer.  Mr.  G.  came  to  the  county  in  1854  and 
settled  on  sec.  10,  Putman  township,  and  resides  there  to  the  present 
time.  He  was  born  in  Brooke  county,  W.  Va.,  June  16,  '31.  His 
parents,  Thomas  and  Sarah  (McCamant)  George,  died  in  this  county. 
Mr.  G.  enlisted  in  the  7th  111.  Cav.  under  Capt.  Herring,  in  1862; 
served  till  July,  '65.  His  wife,  Henrietta  Fanning,  was  born  in  this 
county  on  the  6th  day  of  Nov.,  '47.  They  were  married  in  this 
township  Sept.  25,  '73.  Harry,  born  fluly  25,  '75,  and  Mary,  born 
Sept.  8,  '77,  are  their  children.'    Mr.  G.'s  P.  O.  is  Civer. 

Sumner  L.  Gorham,  farmer,  sec.  24;  P.  O.,  Civer.  Among  those 
who  did  valiant  service  for  his  countrv  in  the  hour  of  her  great  peril 
was  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  In  1862  he  enlisted  in  Co.  E,  103d 
111.  Inf,  under  Capt.  F.  C.  Post  and  served  till  July  1,  '65.  He 
participated  in  every  battle  his  regiment  did  and  did  not  receive  a 
scratch.  He  was  never  in  a  hos])ital  and  was  not  away  from  his  regi- 
ment a  day  during  the  3  years.  Mr.  G.  was  born  in  Ashland  county, 
O.,  Oct.  31,  '43,  and  is  the  son  of  Nathan  and  Roxana  (Charlton) 
Gorham,  of  the  Bay  State,  l)oth  of  whom  are  living  in  this  township. 
In  1868  Mr.  G.  was  married  to  Susanna  jSIcCrary,  a  native  of  Ful- 
ton county,  and  who  was  born  in  1851.  Their  children  are  Addle, 
born  in  1869,  and  Fannie,  born  in  1871. 

Francis  M.  (rrlgshi/,  brickmak(>r,  Cuba,  was  born  near  Lcwistown, 
this  county,  June  19,  1840.  His  mother,  Dorcas  Grigsby,  nee  Col- 
lins, was  a  native  of  Ohio,  and  his  father,  William  Grigsby,  was 
born  in  Kentucky.  Francis  attended  the  country  schools,  and  also 
the  seminary  at  Lcwistown.  Pie  has  engaged  in  farming  and  also 
in  the  mercantile  business.  In  1861,  July  21,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  F, 
8th  111.  Inf,  and  participated  in  all  of  the  battles  the  noble  8th  did 
save  one.     He  is  a  Justice  of  the  Peace.     He  was  married  Oct,  3, 


872  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

1870,  to  Josephine  Davett.  Grace,  born  Oct.  16,  1873,  is  their 
only  chikl.  Both  he  and  his  wire  belong  to  the  M.  E.  Chnrch. 
Mr.  G.  is  an  active  member  in  the  Order  of  United  Workmen,  and 
in  the  I.  O.  of  O.  F. 

J.  W.  Harper.  Dnring  the  dark  days  of  our  conntry,  when  our 
flag  was  assailed  by  traitor  hands,  J.  W.  Harper  shouldered  his 
musket  and  went  to  the  front.  He  served  for  3  years  in  Co.  K, 
103rd  111.  Inf.,  and  was  in  all  the  battles  the  regiment  participated 
in  except  one,  when  he  was  sick.  Mr.  H.  was  born  in  Licking  Co., 
O.,  May  12,  1843.  His  father,  Andrew  PIar])er,  was  a  native  of 
the  Keystone  State,  and  at  present  lives  in  Iowa.  His  mother, 
Sarah  Ann  Laws,  died  in  1854  or  '55.  J.  W.  was  brought  to  this 
county  in  1849  and  has  since  lived  here.  He  was  never  sued,  nor 
did  he  ever  sue  a  man  ;  was  never  on  the  witness  stand,  never  was 
on  a  jury  and  never  held  an  office.  He  is  engaged  in  farming  on 
sec.  11,  P.  O.,  Civer. 

Stephen  Hayden,  farmer,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  Civer;  was  born  in  the 
Empire  State  April  15,  1840,  and  is  the  son  of  Nathaniel  and  Sarah 
Havden.  At  the  age  of  4  years  he  was  brought  to  this  county, 
where  in  the  subscription  and  common  schools  he  received  his  edu- 
cation. He  enlisted  in  the  155th  111.  Inf.  in  1865,  and  was  dis- 
charged at  Springfield  in  1866.  He  was  Corporal  and  promoted  to 
Sergeant.  He  has  filled  several  local  offices.  He  was  married  to 
Oes  Fanning  in  1869.  Austin  H.,  born  July  4,  1869,  is  their  only 
child.     Mrs.  H.  is  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church. 

./.  H.  Heller  was  born  in  Ohio  Dec.  1,  1815.  His  father,  John 
Heller,  was  a  native  of  the  Keystone  State,  while  his  mother, 
Balenda  Heller,  7}ee  Vanauker,  was  born  in  New  Jersey.  Mr.  H. 
came  to  this  county  in  1835  and  settled  upon  section  19  of  Putmau 
township.  He  owns  461  acres  of  land,  and  his  children  attend  to 
his  farms  while  he  resides  in  town,  clerking.  ISIr.  H.  does  not 
exact  any  rent  from  them  other  than  to  pay  the  taxes  and  keep  the 
imjirovements  up.  He  gained  his  education  principally  in  the  State 
of  Ohio  in  the  lt)g  school-house,  seated  upon  slab  benches.  When 
he  came  to  the  township  he  thinks  its  population  was  not  over  100. 
He  has  held  about  all  of  the  local  offices,  serving  in  some  for  many 
years.  In  .Ian.,  1<S;')9,  he  was  married  to  Hannah  Raughman.  Only 
3  of  the  6  children  she  has  borne  arc  living:  Elizabeth,  Daniel  and 
Cyrus. 

Joseph  R.  Herrinr/;  farmer,  sec.  12;  P.  O.,  Civer;  was  born  Aug. 
27,  1819,  at  Baltimore,  Md. ;  jiarents  were  Thomas  and  Hannah 
(Burnett)  Herring.  His  father  was  accidentally  killed  at  sea.  He 
was  first  mate  of  the  vessel  u))on  which  he  lost  his  life.  His  mother 
died  in  Maryland.  Joseph  R.  came  to  this  State  in  1835,  and  has 
lived  on  his  present  farm  ever  since.  He  enlisted  in  Co.  K,  7th 
111.  Cav.,  in  1861,  as  Lieut.;  was  promoted  to  Captain  and  Major. 
He  was  wounded  in  the  battle  of  Corinth,  and  again  in  the  battle 
near  Summerville,  Tenn.,  and,  singularly,  was  wounded  in  the  same 


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OF  THE 
iVEr.blTY  OF  ILLINOIS. 


HISTORY   OF   FULTOX   COUNTY.  87o 

place  —  in  the  left  arm  —  both  times.  In  1846  he  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Margaret  Moran,  who  was  born  in  Maryland  in 
1815.  Their  children  are  Hannah,  Nelson,  Josephine  and  Maggie. 
Mr.  H.  owns  490  acres  of  land,  150  acres  of  which  he  has  improved 
himself.     We  give  the  portraits  of  the  Major  and  wife. 

Jacob  Jloircri/,  farmer,  sec.  19;  P.  O.,  Cuba.  Mr.  INI.  is  a  native 
of  the  grand  old  Keystone  State,  having  been  born  there  Dec.  28, 
1810;  is  the  son  of  Peter  and  Polly  (Shover)  Mowery.  Mr.  M.  at- 
tended school  in  the  old  log  school-house  in  his  native  State.  He 
landed  in  this  county  in  June  of  1838.  He  learned  the  black- 
smithing  trade,  working  3  years  as  an  apprentice.  In  1841  all  of 
his  tools  were  sold  by  the  Constable  to  ])ay  a  security  debt.  He 
has  met  with  success  since,  however,  and  is  now  the  possessor  of 
600  acres  of  land.  He  was  married  Dec.  20,  1843.  His  children 
number  4 :  Elizabeth  Ellen,  America,  Mahlon  and  Judia  Caroline. 
We  give  Mr.  M.'s  portrait. 

Elder  Solomon  Neff  was  born  in  1814  in  Virginia,  and  is  the  son 
of  Christian  and  Anna  (Hamaker)  Net!'.  He  attended  the  common 
schools  and  also  a  college  of  Ohio.  Elder  Neflf  is  a  minister  of  the 
Missionary  Baptist  Church ;  he  is  traveling  in  that  capacity  at 
present.  He  has  been  preaching  the  Gospel  with  success  for  41 
years,  and  has  organized  several  Churches  and  Sunday-schools  in  the 
State  of  Ills.  He  was  pastor  of  the  Pleasant  Grove  Church  (south 
of  Cuba)  for  14  years,  and  for  13  years  held  pastorate  over  a  Church 
in  Ashland  Co.,  O.  He  has  been  Town  Clerk  of  Putman  and  Su- 
j)ervisor  of  Cass  township :  He  was  married  to  Alletha  Bailey  May 
23,  1838,  who  bore  him  6  children,  5  of  whom  are  living  all  are 
married  and  4  living  in  Fulton  Co.  The  Elder  is  a  self-sacrificing 
worker  for  the  Master's  cause.     P.  O.,  Cuba. 

B.  Newton  was  born  in  this  tp.  Jan.  26,  1842,  son  of  Dr.  Charles 
and  Mahala  (Louderback),  natives  of  Ct.  and  Penn.,  respectively. 
The  subject  of  this  jKiragraph  Avas  educated  in  the  common  school ; 
Aug.  19,  1860,  he  married  Phoebe  Barklcy,  and  now  lias  4  children, 
all  living.  He  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  14,  has  been  successful,  and  now 
owns  60  acres.  In  1862  he  enlisted  in  the  70th  111.  Inf.,  and  re- 
enlisted  in  1864  in  the  148th  ;  was  Corporal.  Since  the  war  he  has 
been  School  Director  and  Constable. 

Isane  Neiiion,  farmer  and  stock-dealer,  sec.  11  ;  is  the  son  of 
Charles  and  Mahala  (Louderback)  Newton,  and  was  born  in  Put- 
man  tp.,  Aug.  14,  1836,  and  has  never  lived  3  miles  from  where  he 
lives  now.  His  father  died  aliout  20  years  ago  and  his  mother  lives 
in  Canton.  In  1864  Mr.  N.  was  drafted  to  serve  in  the  war,  but 
hired  a  substitute  whom  he  gave  §1,000  to  take  his  place.  He  was 
united  in  marriage  with  Rebecca  Chits  at  Bcrnadotte,  this  county. 
There  has  been  born  to  them  5  sons  and  2  daughters:  Charles  J., 
Phebe,  Caroline,  deceased,  A.  Lincoln,  Frank,  Oliver  and  John. 

Daniel  Oviaft.  One  of  the  oldest  settlers  of  the  county  is  our 
present  subject.     He  was  born  in  Ohio  Oct.  18,  1817,  and  carae  to 

51 


876  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Fulton  Co.  in  18.31  and  has  lived  licre  since.  His  father,  Elisha, 
was  a  native  of  New  York  and  died  in  this  county  Oct.  10,  1847, 
aged  58  vears.  His  mother  died  here  in  187.'J.  Daniel  enlisted  in 
Co.  E,  i03d  111.  Inf.,  in  1862  and  served  till  1805.  He  was 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Mission  Kid<r<'.  There  was  hut  one  house 
between  where  he  lives  and  Canton  when  he  settled  there  nearly  a 
half  century  ago.  He  resides  on  sec.  Ji,  engag(;d  in  farming;  P.  O., 
Civer. 

H.  C.  Owen  was  born  in  Orange  Co.,  N.  Y.,  Aug.  24,  '25,  and 
is  the  son  of  John  and  Caroline  (Horten)  Owen.  INIr.  O.  came  into 
Adams  Co.,  111.,  in  1837,  and  to  this  county  in  1849.  He  learned 
the  cooper's  trade  with  his  father  and  for  many  years  work- 
ed at  it,  but  during  the  past  11  years  he  has  been  engaged  in  farm- 
ing. Mr.  O.  took  part  in  the  Mormon  war  of  1840.  On  Christ- 
mas of  1852  he  received  as  a  present  the  hand  of  Miss  Margaret 
Duryea  in  marriage.  Jenette,  Charles,  Juline  and  Abraham  are 
the  names  of  their  children.  Mr.  O.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E. 
Church.     P.  O.,  Cuba. 

G.  8.  Fitfman,  farmer,  sec.  24;  P.  O.,  Civer;  was  born  in  Ful- 
ton, Penn.,  Nov.  25,  '47,  son  of  John  and  Caroline  M.  (Ayers), 
also  natives  of  Pennsylvania  ;  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1858  ;  educated 
in  a  common  school  here;  has  80  acres  of  land,  and  as  a  farmer  has 
been  moderately  successful:  has  been  Justice  of  the  Peace;  is  a 
Democrat,  and  a  member  of  the  U.  B.  Church  ;  married  March  5, 
'74,  and  his  children  are:  Charles  M.,  who  died  Dec.  5,  1870,  and 
Kate  L. 

John  Pitfman.  There  was  born  to  Mary  (Sipe)  and  Richard  Pitt- 
man,  while  living  in  Bedford  Co.,  Pa.,  and  on  Nov.  12,  1821,  a 
son,  the  subject  of  this  sketch.  His  j)arents  were  natives  of  the 
Keystone  State.  He  came  to  Ohio  in  the  fall  of  1853  and  to  Ful- 
ton Co.  in  1857,  and  has  since  resided  here.  He  has  served  as 
School  Director  14  years,  and  Constable,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  Com- 
missioner of  Highways  and  Supervisor.  INIr.  P.  never  subscribed 
but  for  one  book  in  his  life,  that  the  History  of  Fulton  Co.,  111. 
He  was  married  Aug.  27,  '44,  in  Fulton  Co.,  Pa.  He  married  his 
second  wife,  Elizabeth  Kimes,  in  Putman  tp.,  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  April 
9,  '65.  He  has  4  children.  Mr.  P.  is  engaged  in  farming  on  sec. 
13  and  owns  240  acres.     P.  ().,  Civer. 

Chnrlen  Pufnian.  Of  the  numerous  members  of  this  time-honor- 
ed family,  Charles  is  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  upon  sec.  1 ; 
P.  O.,  Civer. 

Francis  Piitman  was  born  in  Putman  township,  Fulton  Co.,  Oct. 
27,  '37.  His  parents,  Harrison  and  Malinda  (Fonts)  Putman,  now 
reside  in  Canton.  Francis  enlisted  in  the  7th  111.  Cav.  at  Peoria 
Aug.  20,  '62,  discharged  July  12,  '65.  He  was  with  Ca])t.  Herring 
when  he  was  wounded  the  last  time  ;  was  also  on  Grierson's  famous 
raid,  and  on  detached  duty  twice  for  a  short  time.  In  February, 
1866,  at  Canton,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Clara  Sanders,  who 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  877 

was  born  Feb.  2o,  '42.     Thov  have  a  flimily  of  1  boy  and  3  girls, — 
Flora,  Fannie,  Mary  Bell  and  Harrison  C. 

George  C.  Fufman,  farmer,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Civer.  G.  C.  Put- 
man,  son  of  Reading  and  Staey  (Combs)  Putman,  was  born  in  In- 
diana Oet.  3,  '14.  In  1821  he  was  brought  to  this  county,  where, 
in  the  primitive  schools  of  pioneer  times,  he  obtained  his  education. 
He  has  held  local  offices,  and  in  1834  was  married  to  Charlotte 
Crosthwait,  who  bore  him  10  children, — 8  boys  and  2  girls, — 7  of 
whom  are  living.  Three  of  the  sons  are  dead,  one  of  them  being 
killed  in  the  army. 

ir.  A'^  .SVnic/crs,  farmer,  sec.  15 ;  P.O.;  Civer;  was  born  in  this 
township  Jan.  7,  '52,  son  of  Augustus  H.  and  Martha  J.  (Brush), 
father  a  native  of  New  York  and  mother  of  Missouri ;  father  came 
to  this  county  in  1832.  In  1877  Mr.  W.  K.  Sanders  married  Alice 
Sanders,  and  their  children  are  Laura,  born  July  23,  '78,  and  Fred., 
Aug.  26,  '79.  Mr.  S.  is  a  Democrat,  and  as  a  farmer  has  been 
moderatelv  successful. 

]\'lorHs  Smith,  iarmcr  and  teamster,  sec.  21 ;  P.  O.,  Cuba.  Mr. 
Smith  stepped  forward  to  defend  his  country  in  hours  of  danger, — 
when  she  was  assailed  by  rebel  hands.  He  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  70th 
111.  Inf ,  in  1762,  and  served  till  close  of  term.  He  was  born  in 
Union  Co.,  O.,  Feb.  28,  1842,  and  is  the  son  of  William  and  Mary 
— Thomas — Smith.  He  received  his  education  in  Delaware,  O. 
In  1869  was  married  to  Martha  Laswell.  All  the  children  given 
them  —  4  boys  and  one  girl  —  are  living.  Mrs.  S.  is  a  member  of 
the  Christian  Church. 

£li  B.  Stevenson  is  worthy  a  notice  in  a  work  like  this.  He  was 
born  in  Ross  Co.,0.,  July  20, 1833,  and  was  brought  to  this  county 
5  years  later,  where  he  has  continued  to  reside.  His  i'ather  and 
mother  were  John  and  Catherine  —  Black  —  Stevenson,  of  Mary- 
land. Mr.  S.  was  married  in  '56,  Oct.  30th,  at  Cuba,  to  Miss  Ellen 
Waklron,  who  was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  III.,  in  1840.  He  is  an 
active  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  He  is  one  of  the  Trustees 
and  Steward,  and  has  served  as  Superintendent  of  the  Sunday- 
school.  Mr.  S.  has  a  nice  farm  on  sec.  36,  which  he  and  his  good 
wife  have  made  themselves.  When  they  settled  there  it  was  in  a 
wilderness.     P.  O.,  Bryant. 

John  Still  is  a  native  of  Germany  and  came  to  this  county  in  '50, 
and  has  resided  here  since.  He  was  born  on  ihe  2d  of  Feb.,  '27. 
His  parents  were  John  and  Mary  Still,  Germans.  John  learned  to 
speak  English  at  Sunday-school.  He  first  learned  cabinet-making 
and  carpentering,  but  is  now  farming,  and  owns  2  farms,  l)<)th  of 
which  he  made  by  his  own  exertion.  He  was  joined  in  matrimony 
with  Rebacca  Bay,  a  native  of  Ireland,  who  was  born  in  the  year 
1828.  They  are  the  parents  of  3  children  :  Arthur,  Reson,  John 
and  William  D.     His  postoffice  is  Civer. 

D.  Stirred,  merchant,  Cuba,  was  born  in  Scotland,  Feb.  23,  '36, 
and  is  the  son  of  James  and   Kate   Stirrat.     He  came   into   this 


878  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

county  in  '65,  and  has  engaged  largely  in  coal-mining  and  has  his 
coal  works  at  Cuba,  where,  besides  this  interest  and  running  a  gen- 
eral store,  he  owns  the  hotel  of  the  place.  He  was  married  in  '58, 
and  has  2  children,  —  Elizabeth  and  James.  Mr.  S.  has  succeeded 
in  life  bv  his  own  personal  exertions  and  energy. 

John  SfoMair/er,  farmer,  sec.  U) ;  P.  O.,  Cuba,  was  born  in  l\nin- 
sylvania  on  the '29th  of  Aug.,  1811,  and  is  the  son  of  Michael  and 
Catharine  Stockbarger.  He  came  to  this  county  in  1856.  He  has 
been  exceedingly  unfortunate  in  meeting  with  accidents.  Aug.  20, 
1872,  he  was  run  over  by  the  cars,  breaking  an  arm  and  a  leg. 
Again  in  1878  he  was  run  over.  In  1S44  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Mary  Watson,  who  bore  him  7  children — 4  boys  and  3 
girls,  all  living,  and  3  of  them  are  married. 

Milburne  Sicearingen.  This  gentleman  is  engaged  in  agricultural 
pursuits  on  sec.  8.     P.  O.,  Cuba. 

Jonathan  31.  Thomas,  retired  farmer,  Cuba,  was  born  in  Sanga- 
mon Co.,  111.,  Feb.  10,  1836.  His  i)arents,  Nathan  and  Sarah  (Lott) 
Thomas,  were  natives  of  Kentucky.  Jonathan  was  brought  to 
Fulton  Co.  in  March  of  the  year  of  his  birth.  Here  he  received 
su.ch  learning  as  the  schools  oi'  his  boyhood  afforded.  lie  has  held 
many  of  the  local  official  positions,  and  in  1857,  Aug.  21,  he  was  mar- 
ried. Hattie  M.,  born  July  30,  1860,  is  the  only  living  one  of  3 
children.     He  attends  the  United  Brethren  Church. 

Berintha  Thompson,  relict  of  A.  C.  Thomi)son,  whom  she  married 
in  Sept.  1834,  and  M'ho  died  Sept.  15,  1863.  There  were  born  to 
them  11  children,  8  of  whom  are  living, — 3  boys  and  5  girls.  Mrs. 
T.  was  born  in  Yates  Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  is  the  daugiiter  of  Allen  and 

Eagleton .     IMrs,  T.  has  proven  herself  to  be  a    woman 

possessing  unusual  business  capacities.  For  16  years  she  has  man- 
aged a  large  farm  consisting  of  322  acres  at  ])resent.  She  has  pur- 
chased 320  acres  of  land  since  she  has  been  a  widow.  P.  O.  address, 
Canton. 

J.  E.  Turner,  farmer,  sec.  12;  P.  O.  Civer.  On  the  3d  day  of 
June,  1840,  in  Putman  tp.,  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  born  to 
Samuel  and  Sarah  (Bro«»king)  Turner.  His  father  died  in  this  Co. 
in  1867  and  his  mother  in  1870.  His  father  came  from  New  York 
to  Illinois  in  1835.  Mr.  T.  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of 
this  county  and  has  held  several  of  the  local  offices.  He  has  a 
finely-improved  farm,  well  drained  with  tiling.  Oct.  6,  1863,  he 
was  united  in  marriage  with  Mary  A.  Turner,  who  was  born  June 
3,  1844.  The  birthday  anniversary  of  both  himself  and  wife  oc- 
cur on  the  same  day.  "  Henry,  Carrie,  Carroll  and  Sadie  are  their 
children. 

Junes  K.  Welch,  M.  I).,  Cuba,  whose  portrait  we  give  in  this 
book,  was  born  in  Nelson  Co.,  Ky.,  Sept.  4,  1845,  and  is  the  son  of 
James  W.  and  Marv  (Swazey)  'Welch,  l)oth  of  Kentucky.  His 
flither  died  July  27,'l878,  in  'McDonough  Co.,  111.;  his  mother  at 
the  same  place  in  1859.     Dr.  W.  was  brought  iuto  the  State  at  the 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  879 

age  of  3  years,  and  was  educated  at  Blandinsville.  He  received  his 
professional  education  at  the  Iowa  Medical  University,  graduating 
in  1865,  and  June  of  the  following  year  located  at  Cuba  and  has 
continued  in  practice  to  the  present.  He  served  as  President  of  the 
Town  Board,  and  was  in  the  hospital  service  8  months.  His  first 
wife  was  Hulinda  Clayberry,  the  mother  of  2  of  his  girls.  She 
died  Sept.  23,  1874.  He  married  E.  E.  Wilson,  Feb.  21,  1878. 
They  have  one  child,  a  son. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  township  officials  serving  since  the 
organization  of  the  township,  together  with  the  years  of  serving: 

SUPERVISORS. 

H.  R.  Hvatt lSoO-51  Inmnn  Blackaby 1867-69 

"Wilson  Bolen 18o2  Albert  U.  Birch 1870 

Joiin  Riley 1853  T.  J.  Peirsol 1871 

Jesse  Burr 18o4  Simon  C.  Burbridgo 1872 

AI)saloni    Maxwell 1855  Daniel  Heller 1873 

W.  N.  Cline 1856  58  H.  C.  Berrv  1874 

Alex.  Hull 1859  A.  S.  Fuller 1875-76 

Absalom  Maxwell  1860  John  Pittman  1877-78 

Geo.  Efnor 1861-62  Inman  Blackaby 1879 

H.  S.  Hyatt 1863-66 

TOWN   CLERKS. 

W.  N.  Cline  1850-55  P.  H.  Snively 1868 

Jos.  T.  Warner 1856  T.J.  Peirsol  1869 

Solomon  Neff 1857  John  W.  Bowen 1870 

J.  W.  Hall 1858  .Tohn  M.  Heller 1871 

Albertis  Niekell 18  9  Joseph   Harmison  1872-74 

William   Morgan 1860  H.  M.  Smith  1875 

M.  C.  Stoner 18()1  Stepiien  Call 1876-78 

Albertis  Nifkell 1862  Cyrus  Heller 1879 

J.  K.  Harmison 1863-67 

ASSESSORS. 

A.  Nirkell 1850  J.  H.  Heller 1868-69 

J.  R.  Herring 1851  JamesGeorge  1870 

A.  Niekell....'. 1852-53  Francis  Putman  1871- 

J.  R.  Herring 1854  John  Pittman 1872-73 

W.  B.  .Mesler  1856  Inman  Blackal)V 1874 

J.  H.  Heller 1857-58  J.  C.  Cline '. 1875 

H.  Putman 1859  J.  H.  Heller 1876-77 

J.  H.  Heller 1860-66  Joseph  Harmison 1878-79 

Wm.  Clayberg 1867 

COLLECTORS. 

T.J.Walters 1850-51  J.  C.  Cline 1867 

A.  Niekell 1852  Alex.  Sliaw 1869 

H.Wright 18.i6  Simon  P.  Henry 1870 

William  Belfonl 1857  Isaac  I'orter....". 1871 

J.  H.  Heller 1858-00  J.  M.  Heller 1872 

R  C.  Thomas ]8()1  Samuel  Clayberg 1873 

J.  H.  Heller 1862  S.  L.  Gorhain 1874 

A.  H.  Siun.lers 18():!  J.  C.  Hedrick 1875 

T.  J.  Walt.TS   18f)4  Ira  Porter 1876-77 

Inman  Blackaby 1865  t.  J.  Mosher 1878 

J.  H.  Heller  .....' 1866  J.E.Turner 1879 


UNION  TOWNSHIP. 

Union  township  was  first  settled  by  Robert  Grant,  Isaac  Hnlick 
and  a  Mr.  Betson,  who  located  in  1829  on  section  12,  near  where 
the  ancient  town  of  Troy  stood.  Job  Babbitt  settled  on  the  same 
section  in  1831.  The  first  Justice  was  James  Ogden.  Rev.  Mr. 
Betson  preached  the  first  sermon.  Melinda  Babbitt  was  baptized 
at  Troy  in  1832,  which  was  the  first  baptism  in  the  township,  and 
also  the  first  in  Cedar  creek.  The  first  married  was  John  Rogers  to 
Miss  Taylor.  Mary  Ogden  was  the  first  child  born  in  the  town- 
ship. The  first  death  was  a  son  of  Rev.  Mr.  Betson.  Among  the 
early  pioneers  who  settled  in  this  township  prior  to  1838  were 
Rev.  Richard  Haney,  Stephen  Tompkins,  Job  Babbitt,  John  Gal- 
let,  and  others.  Jonathan  Babbitt  is  the  oldest  pioneer  now  living 
in  the  township.  The  first  school  in  Union  township  was  taught  by 
John  Parkerson  in  1836,  in  old  St.  Augustine.  The  first  mill  was 
built  by  >vathaniel  B.  Childs  in  1833.  For  further  history,  see  his- 
tory of  Avon,  biographies,  sketch  of  the  Churches,  etc. 

TROY. 

The  town  of  Trov  was  founded  bv  Xathaniel  B  Childs,  in  1833. 
It  was  a  prosperous  town  in  the  days  of  ox  carts  and  mule  teams, 
but  has  mouldered  away  since  the  advent  of  railroads  in  Fulton 
county. 

ST.    AUGUSTINE. 

This  village  was  founded  in   1830  bv   Smith   and  Mattin<rla.     It 

...  * 

was  an  enterprising  little  town,  but  there  being  no  suitable  place  for 
a  depot,  new  St.  Augustine  was  founded  near  by  in  Knox  county, 
on  the  completion  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  Railroad,  and  like  many  other 
once  fortunate  places  old  St.  Augustine  is  one  of  the  towns  of  the 
past. 

AVON. 

This  lovely  little  village  is  situated  in  the  western  part  of  Union 
township,  on  the  C,  B.  cV:  Q.  Railroad,  and  was  founded  March  5, 
1854,  by  R.  Woods,  O.  H.  Woods  and  D.  N.  Wright,  and  now  has 
a  population  of  about  one  thousand  inhabitants.  The  town  of  Avon 
was  chartered  March  8,  18G7,  by  a  sj)ecial  act  of  the  Legislature, 
and  tiie  first  corporate  election  was  held  the  same  year,  at  which  the 
following  officers  were  elected:  D.  H.  Small,  President;  J.  L.  Coe, 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  881 

L.  H.  Hewett,  A.  J,  Churchill,  and  M.  R.  Gutridge,  Trustees; 
Simon  Stevens,  Police  Magistrate;  J.  W,  Frarapton,  Clerk.  The 
first  name  of  the  town  was  Woodvillc,  but  in  1843  an  application 
was  made  for  a  postoffice,  and  as  there  was  an  office  of  that  name  in 
Adams  county,  the  town  and  office  were  changed  to,  Woodstock. 
On  April  4,  1852,  the  Postmaster  General,  James  Campbell,  changed 
the  name  to  Avon,  as  the  county  seat  of  McHenry  county  had  also 
the  name  of  Woodstock.  The  first  postmaster  was  Stephen  Tomp- 
kins, who  held  the  office  7  years.  It  is  said  that  he  at  first  kept  the 
postoffice  in  his  hat,  so  that  he  would  not  have  to  leave  his  work 
when  any  person  called  for  mail,  as  he  was  a  shoemaker,  and  was 
very  busy. 

Mr.  Tompkins  is  the  oldest  merchant  in  Avon  ;  commenced  busi- 
ness in  l<s;3ij,  and  has  been  engaged  in  business  ever  since,  with  the 
exception  of  one  year.  In  18G5  he  took  his  son,  A.  B.  Tompkins, 
in  partnershij)  with  him,  since  which  time  the  firm  was  known  as  S. 
Tompkins  &  Son,  until  January,  1878,  when  they  took  another  son 
into  the  firm,  and  is  known  now  as  S.  Tompkins  &  Sons. 

For  sketch  of  other  leading  business  men  of  Avon,  see  biog- 
ra|)hies. 

The  Avon  District  Agricultural  Board  was  organized  under  the 
corporate  name  of  the  ''Avon  Agricultural  Society,"  Oct.  11,  1872, 
with  the  following  officers,  viz :  L.  F.  Ross,  President;  D.  H. 
Gorham  and  John  Woods,  Vice  Presidents ;  H.  V.  D.  Woods, 
James  Lockwood,  O.  Crissey,  Geo.  L.  Snapp,  L.  H.  Hewett,  R.  A. 
Saunders,  John  A.  Butler,  A.  A.  Mailliard,  W.  J.  R.  Fennessy,  J. 
B.  Hatch,  and  Wm.  J.  Austin,  Directors;  A.  B.  Tompkins,  Treas- 
urer, and  A.  J,  Churchill,  Secretary.  The  present  officers  are,  D, 
H.  Gorham,  President;  O.  Chatterton,  J.  B.  Hatch,  S.  Tompkins, 
and  L.  M.Green,  Vice  Presidents;  Treasurer,  O.  J.  Beam;  Secre- 
tarv,  A.  J.  Churciiill.     Authorized  capital,  $10,000. 

One  of  the  leading  features  of  this  society,  is  that  it  offers  two 
classes  of  premiums,  one  to  the  general  public,  and  one  to  the  stock- 
holders of  the  society.  In  the  early  part  of  its  history  the  society 
maintained  monthly  stock  sales,  when  all  the  farmers  could  bring 
stock,  farming  impleni'-nts,  etc.,  and  sell  them  at  auction,  the  com- 
pany emi)loying  the  auctioneer.  It  had  held  eight  annual  fairs, 
each  with  considerable  profit  to  the  stockholders. 

THE   SCHOOL. 

The  first  school  in  Avon  was  taught  in  1840,  in  a  small  house 
near  the  present  residence  of  E.  D.  Mailliard;  the  teacher  was 
Charles  Davis.  The  first  school-house  built  is  the  present  resi- 
dence of  A.  J.  Churchill.  The  j)resent  structure  was  erected  in 
1857,  and  is  a  two-story  brick,  with  four  rooms,  and  cost  about 
$6,000.  The  first  teacher  in  this  building  was  Henry  Stump.  The 
Avon  schools  have   reached   a   high  degree  of  excellence,  through 


88 j!  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


1 


the  wise  management  of  ex-Prineipal  Leroy  S.  Bates,  who  is  nowj 
in  Lewistown,  111.,  where  he  has  a  larger  field  of  labor. 

CHURCHES. 

First  3L  E.  Church  —  Organized  1849  by  Rev.  Uri  J.  Giddings, 
with  a  membership  of  six,  viz:  D.  N.  Wright,  Mrs.  E.  Wright, 
Mrs.  Hannah  Wright,  Joseph  Mings,  Mrs.  Mings,  and  Mrs.  A. 
Stout.  The  first  house  of  worship  was  built  by  this  society  in 
1857,  at  a  cost  of  $7,000,  and  is  the  largest  edifice  in  town.  The 
corner-stone  was  laid  by  Rev.  Richard  Haney,  one  of  the  pioneers 
of  Union  township.  Through  death  and  removals  this  society  has 
grown  so  weak  that  public  services  are  not  held  at  present   (1879). 

Fird  Congregational  Church. — Organized  Nov.,  1855,  with  8  mem- 
bers, by  Rev.  L.  H.  Parker,  Rev.  Samuel  Dilley  and  Deacon  E.  G. 
Roe.  Dec.  1  of  the  same  year  Stephen  Goodspeed  was  elected 
Deacon  for  two  years  and  G.  A.  Marsh  for  one  year.  Church  edi- 
fice erected  in  1861.  This  organization  sprang  from  the  First  Con- 
gregational Church  of  Virgil  in  Lee  township,  which  removed  to 
Prairie  City  about  the  year  '58,  and  changed  its  name  to  First  Con- 
gregational Church  of  Prairie  City.  Communicants  29.  Services 
every  Sabbath  by  Rev.  A.  P.  Loomis,  Pastor. 

First  Baptist  Church. — Organized  July  9,  '64;  bought  a  house  in 
1865,  in  which  they  have  worshiped  until  the  present.  At  one  time 
this  organization  was  the  strongest  Church  in  the  village ;  but  by 
death  and  removals  it  has  been  reduced  to  the  small  number  of  36. 
Sabbath-school  everv  Sabbath  at  10  a.  m.  ;  services  everv  Sabbath 
at  3  p.  M.  by  Rev.  William  Sturgeon,  Pastor. 

First  Universalist  Church. — Organized  Jan.  18, '69 ;  church  edi- 
fice erected  in  1869;  Sabbath-school  every  Sabbath  at  12  M. ;  ser- 
vices each  alternate  Sabbath  at  10  :30  A.  m.  by  Rev.  B.  X.  Wiles, 
Pastor.     Communicants,  66. 

Avon  Catholic  Church. — Organized  in  the  summer  of  1871,  when 
a  church  edifice  was  also  erected.  Communicants  about  150.  Ser- 
vices every  3  weeks  by  Father  Riley,  Pastor. 

FACTORIES. 

The  Paragon  Mills  were  erected  in  the  spring  of  1875  by  Garret 
"Van  Winkle  as  a  planing  mill,  and  was  converted  into  a  grist-mill 
in  1877.  To  this  in  the  spring  of  1879  was  added  a  tile  and  brick 
factory,  both  of  which  are  being  operated  with  success. 

The  Bardolph  Fire-Clay  Works,  of  Avon,  were  erected  by  Morey 
&  UUery  in  1877.     Capacity,  60,000  tile  per  month. 

PERSONAL   SKETCHES. 

Nicholas  H.  Ackerman,  proprietor  of  the  Ackerman  House, 
Avon,  was  born  in  Bergen  Co.,  N.  J.,  Aug.  11,  1829,  and  is  the  son 
of  Cornelius  and  Elizabeth  (Yeoman)  Ackerman  ;  the  former  is  liv- 


Of  THE 
IMVFRSITY  OF  ILLINOIS, 


IITSTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  885 

ing  with  his  son  at  Avon  at  the  age  of  90  years.  He  reads  every 
day  without  the  aid  ot'gUisses,  and  is  very  active  and  healthy.  Mr. 
A.  was  educated  in  the  common  schools  of  New  Jersey.  Oct.  23, 
'49,  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  Mary  E.  Winters,  by  whom  he 
had  4  bovs,  2  of  whom,  Charles  and  Harry,  are  living.  Mrs.  A.'s 
grandmother,  Winters,  is  living  in  Newark,  N.  J.,  at  the  age  of  100 
years. 

David  J.  Austi)i,  son  of  Elwell  E.  Austin,  was  born  in  the  town 
of  Gouverneur,  N.  Y.,  Dec.  20,  '20;  removed  to  Mount  Sterling, 
Brown  Co.,  HI.,  in  1850,  and  the  following  year  came  to  this  county. 
He  has  been  twice  appointed  Postmaster,  and  twice  elected  to  the 
office  of  Collector;  was  married  Juue  12,  '4.3,  to  Nancy  C.  Smith, 
by  whom  he  had  4  children,  3  of  whom  are  living.  They  are  mem- 
bers of  the  Missionary  Baptist  Church  of  Avon,  and  are  zealous 
workers  in  the  Master's  cause.  He  has  driven  a  huxter  wagon  for 
14  years.     P.  O.,  Avon. 

Isaac  F.  Babbitt  was  born  in  Hamilton  Co.,  O.,  March  18,  '10; 
is  the  son  of  Stephen  Babbitt,  a  native  of  Washington  Co.,  Pa. 
Mr.  B.  left  home  at  the  age  of  14;  came  to  Indiana,  where  he  re- 
mained until  1842,  when  he  came  to  Fulton  Co.;  was  educated  in 
subscription  schools  in  Ohio  and  Indiana.  He  was  Captain  of  the 
militia  in  Indiana  for  5  years,  and  has  filled  the  offices  of  School 
Director,  Highway  Commissioner,  Town  Clerk  for  11  years  here, 
also  Justice  4  years  in  Indiana.  He  married,  Jan.  13,  '29,  Saman- 
tha  Hurley  ;  she  was  born  in  the  same  house  that  Mr.  B.  was,  July 
6,  1810,  his  father  having  moved  out  shortly  after  his  birth,  and 
her  father  moved  in  the  house  a  short  time  previous  to  her  birth. 
By  her  he  had  5  children  ;  she  died,  and  Feb.  17,  1848,  he  was  mar- 
ried a  second  time,  this  time  to  Ailsie  Phelps,  sister  to  Mrs.  Lois 
Cooper,  of  Union  township,  and  was  born  near  Hochester,  N.  Y. 
Thcv  have  6  children.  Botii  Mr.  and  Mrs.  B.  are  members  of  the 
Christian  Church.  He  is  a  mason  and  plasterer  by  trade,  but  is 
farming  at  present.     P.  O.,  St.  Augustine. 

James  Babbitt,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  P.  O.,  St.  Augustine. 
One  of  the  first  pioneers  of  Union  townshij)  is  James  Babbitt,  who 
was  born  in  Fayette  Co.,  O.,  April  9,  1813.  He  is  a  brother  of 
Jonathan  Babbitt,  of  whom  mention  is  made  in  this  volume.  He 
was  united  in  marriage  with  Mary  A.  Randall  Nov.  5,  1837.  She 
became  the  mother  of  12  children,  8  of  whom  are  living, — Jonathan 
J.,  Delilah,  James,  Eliza  J.,  Sarah  C,  Edwin,  Azuba  and  Wiltbrd. 
They  also  have  a  grandniece,  Estelle  Jiabbitt,  whom  they  have 
raised  from  5  years  of  age. 

Jonathan  Babbitt,  farmer  and  stock-raiser ;  P.  O.,  St.  Augustine; 
was  born  in  Fayette  Co.,  ().,  March  13,  1811,  and  is  the  son  of  Job 
Babbitt,  who  removed  with  his  family  to  Indiana  in  a  flat-boat  in 
1818,  thence  to  Springfield,  III.,  in  1829,  and  to  Fulton  Co.  in  '30. 
Job  Bibbitt  was  one  of  the  first  pioneers  of  Union  township,  and 
helped  carry   the   chain  for  General  Stillman  wiiile  the   latter  was 


886  HISTORY    OF    FII.TON    COUNTY. 

Piirvcvin<r  the  State  roafl  from  Farminorton  to  Btirlinffton  in  I80O. 
The  .sul)jeet  of  tl'.is  sketch  i.s  the  oldest  pioneer  now  iivinj"^  in  Union 
townshi]),  and  has  undergone  the  anxieties  and  hardsliips  of  pioneer 
life.  In  1832  he,  in  company  with  the  otlier  members  of  the  fam- 
ily and  neighbors,  left  their  log  luits  during  the  Black  Hawk  war 
and  went  to  the  Fort  at  Canton.  He  helped  bury  the  first  person 
that  died  in  the  township.  To  Mr.  B.  belongs  the  honor  of  nam- 
ing the  township  (Union).  Several  years  ago  Mr.  Babbitt  saw  a 
trough  (dug  from  an  elm  log)  containing  the  skeleton  of  an  Indian, 
which  had  been  fastened  in  the  fork  of  a  leaning  tree  on  Spoon 
river,  where  the  State  road  crossed  said  river;  hence  the  name,  In- 
dian Ford.  Mr.  B.  has  been  married  3  times:  first,  Oct.  18,  1832, 
to  Amelia  Jennings;  second  time,  Oct.  12,  1834,  to  Charlotte  Du- 
colon  ;  third  time,  Dec.  6,  1838,  to  Elizabeth  E.  Taylor.  He  is 
the  father  of  7  children.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  B.  are  members  of  the 
Christian  Church. 

S.  B.  Bays  was  born  in  Champaign  county.  111.,  Feb.  14,  '41,  the 
son  of  John  and  Susan  Bays,  the  former  (deceased)  a  native  of  East 
Tennessee  and  the  latter  of  Fayette  county.  Pa.,  now  residing  in 
Avon  at  the  age  of  76  vears.  Mr.  Bavs  came  to  this  countv  with 
his  mother  in  1846.  He  is  now  doing  good  business  as  a  photo- 
grapher in  Avon,  where  he  established  himself  })ermanently  as  an 
artist  in  1876.  He  was  married  May  15,  '73,  to  Phcebe  Caverly, 
daughter  of  Peter  G.  Caverly,  of  Elmwood,  111.  They  have  3  chil- 
dren, viz:  Harry  S.,  Debert  C,  and  an  infant.  His  brother  J.  W. 
is  a  leading  photograhher  of  Peoria,  111.  He  has  3  other  brothers 
in  Illinois,  all  in  the  photograph  business. 

0.  J.  Beam,  banker,  Avon,  whose  portrait  we  give,  was  born  in 
Clark  county,  ().,  Dec.  30,  183<S.  His  parents  moved  to  Champaign 
county  when  he  was  quite  small,  and  he  came  to  Warren  county, 
111.,  in  1851,  and  to  this  county  in  1875.  He  attend  the  common 
schools  and  then  entered  Abingdon  College,  from  which  he  gradu- 
ated in  18()9.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Emma  Laif- 
tus  on  the  Christmas  of  1870.  She  was  born  in  Warren  county, 
111.  Grace  E.  and  Walter  H.  are  their  children,  Mr.  B.  united 
with  the  Christian  Church  in  Feb.,  1859,  and  is  now  serving  his 
fourth  year  as  President  of  the  Western  Illinois  Christian  Confer- 
ence. In  1870  he  began  business  as  a  farmer  with  a  capital  of 
$1,000,  and  the  following  year  bought  a  farm  of  40  acres.  Having 
a  desire  for  a  commercial  business,  however,  he  quit  farming,  and, 
Nov.  2,  '75,  embarked  in  the  banking  business  in  Avon.  So  suc- 
cessful has  he  been  that  even  at  this  early  day  he  is  numbered 
among  the  wealthiest  and  most  enterprising  men  of  Avon.  During 
this  year  (1879)  he  erected  a  magnificent  brick  block  in  which  his 
bank  is  situated.  The  ujiper  and  lower  stories  are  used  for  various 
branches  of  business. 

Roydl  Bliss,  son  of  Isaac  Bliss,  of  Avon,  was  b(u-n  in  Orange 
county,  Vt,,  June  21,  '27.     He  was  educated  in  the  common  schools 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  887 

of  his  native  State  and  came  to  this  county  in  1856,  and  since  has 
filled  several  local  offices.  He  spent  20  years  upon  the  railroads  of 
the  East.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Maria  Stoddard,  in  Put- 
ney, Vt.,  May  1,  1840.  She  was  born  in  Westminster,  Vt.  They 
had  7  children  born  to  them,  (3  of  whom  are  living.  William  clerks 
in  the  store  for  his  father,  who  is  engaged  in  general  merchandising. 
Royal's  father  has  recently  returned  from  California  where  he  has 
been  living  for  several  years. 

Jeremiah  S.  Bofkin,  farmer,  was  born  in  this  township  March  3, 
'43,  and  is  the  son  of  Levi  O.  Botkin,  who  was  born  in  Clark 
county,  O.,  Nov.  7,  '09,  and  came  to  this  county  in  '39.  He  rented 
a  house  of  Mr.  Kline,  and  the  following  spring  erected  a  log-cabin, 
which  has  long  since  been  Replaced  by  a  more  substantial  and  spa- 
cious residence.  Mr.  J.  S.  B.  was  married  Feb.  8,  1877,  to  I^aura 
Simington,  daughter  of  James  Simington,  of  Union  township. 
They  have  2  children, — James  and  Elsie.  Mrs.  B.  is  a  member  of 
the  M.  E.  Church.     P.  O.,  Ellisvillc. 

Colonel  John  Butler  was  born  in  Greenbrier  Co.,  Va.,  July  2(5, 
1802,  and  is  the  son  of  William  and  Tacy  (Gray)  Butler.  His 
parents  took  him  to  Gallia  Co.,  O.,  in  1804,  where  he  remained 
nntil  '33,  when  he  went  to  St.  Joseph  Co.,  Ind.,  thence  to  Warren 
Co.,  111.,  in  '39,  where  he  entered  land,  raised  and  dealt  largely  in 
cattle,  and  grew  quite  wealthy,  owning  at  one  time  1,300  acres  of 
well-improved  land.  Although  the  Colonel  was  never  in  the  army 
he  has  long  merited  the  title  Colonel  on  account  of  his  valuable 
services  as  a  militia  officer,  both  in  Ohio  and  Illinois.  In  the 
former  place  he  served  as  Lieutenant,  Cajitain,  Major  and  Adjutant; 
and  in  the  latter  was  elected  Colonel  of  the  84th  111.  Militia.  His 
father  helped  build  Fort  Recovery  under  Gen.  Wayne.  His  uncle, 
Isaac  Butler,  helped  capture  Black  Hawk.  A  southern  man,  but 
true  to  the  L^nion.  He  built  the  first  frame  barn  in  the  Southern 
part  of  Warren  Co.  He  married  Mary  Adney  April  25,  '22,  who 
gave  him  all  his  education.  They  had  !•>  children,  7  of  whom  are 
living,  and  all  married  except  Mary  Helen,  who  is  now  in  Minne- 
sota traveling;  for  her  health.  Mrs.  B.  died  while  on  a  visit  to 
Kansas,  Nov.  12,  1875, 

James  Carr,  sen.,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania,  Oct.  17,  1808,  and 
is  the  son  of  John  Carr,  who  was  of  Scotch  descent.  The  subject 
of  this  sketch  removed  to  Cass  (then  Morgan)  county,  III.,  in  1825, 
and  went  through  our  jircsent  capital,  which  then  contained  but  few 
houses,  and  looked  through,  between  the  logs  of  the  first  court- 
house there,  and  saw  what  was  transpiring  on  the  opposite  side  of 
the  house.  His  father  said  he  was  a  prisoner  of  war  when  but  4 
years  old,  while  the  British  had  possession  of  Philadelphia.  Mr. 
C.  was  educated  in  the  common  schools;  has  been  the  School  Direc- 
tor; School  Trustee  here,  and  was  Justice  of  the  Peace  12  years  in 
Cass  county ;  has  been  married  twice,  and  is  the  father  of  4  boys 
and  4  girls,  7   of  whom   are   living.     He   married  his  second  wife, 


888  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Mary  N.  Reavis,  in  1837.  Mrs.  C.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E 
C-hurch.  Son  James  is  married  and  living  on  the  farm  of  Mr.  C 
John  and  Edward  remain  with  their  parents.  He  is  a  farmer  and 
stock- raiser.     P.  O.,  Avon. 

George  Childs,  farmer,  sec.  13 ;  P.  O.,  Avon.  Mr.  C.  was  born 
in  Canton,  this  county,  May  6,  '32,  and  is  the  son  of  Nathaniel  B. 
and  Jane  (Hall)  Childs.  He  was  educated  in  Canton;  celebrated 
the  4th  of  July,  1856,  by  marrying  Margaret  A.  Cane,  who  was 
born  near  Canton  in  '38.  They  have  had  born  to  them  8  children, 
6  of  whom  are  living.  Mr.  C.  has  never  seen  the  soil  of  any  other 
State,  and  is  now  47  years  old.  His  father  was  in  the  dry-goods  and 
distillery  business  with  General  Stillman  in  Canton  previous  to  the 
Black  Hawk  war;  also  built  Troy,  on  Cedar  creek,  and  in  early 
days  used  coon-skins  as  a  legal  tender. 

Sylccster  S.  Clai/berg,  physician  and  surgeon,  Avon  ;  was  born  in 
Cuba,  this  county,  Jan.  4,  1838,  and  is  the  son  of  George  and  Eliza- 
beth (Baughman)  Clayberg,  of  Cuba,  who  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in 
1837.  The  Doctor  attended  the  common  schools  of  Cuba,  and  en- 
tered the  medical  department  of  the  University  of  Michigan,  whore 
he  spent  two  terms.  He  subsequently  graduated  from  Rush  Medi- 
cal College,  Chicago,  and  returned  to  Cuba  in  1860  and  began  the 
practice  of  his  chosen  profession.  From  Cuba  he  went  to  Fair- 
view,  and  to  this  place  in  1873,  where  he  has  won  a  large  practice. 
He  was  married  May  25,  1864,  to  S.  Belle  Bowen,  who  bore  him  3 
children.  She  died  Oct.  29,  1870.  Mr.  C.  obtained  another  help- 
meet June  22,  1875,  in  the  person  of  N.  Abigail  Mings,  also  a  na- 
tive of  Fulton  Co.     The  result  of  this  union  is  1  child. 

J.  W.  Fisher,  son  of  Jacob  and  Lucy  (Gardner)  Fisher ;  was 
born  in  Westmoreland  Co.,  Pa.,  April  1,  1842.  He  came  with  his 
parents  to  this  county  in  1855,  and  was  educated  in  Wenona  Semin- 
ary, Wenona,  111.  He  is  also  a  graduate  of  Eastman's  Business 
College,  of  Chicago.  He  served  3  years  in  the  late  war  in  Co.  B, 
103d  111.  Inf ;  was  in  the  battles  of  Mission  Ridge,  siege  of  Vicks- 
burg,  Jackson,  siege  of  Atlanta  and  others;  was  wounded  in  the 
battle  of  Griswoldville,  and  draws  a  pension.  He  was  married, 
Oct.  18,  1871,  to  Addie  Flake,  who  was  born  in  Union  town^i^hip, 
this  county,  June  24,  1855.  They  have  2  boys  and  2  girls.  Both 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  F.  are  members  of  the  E.  M.  Ciiurch.  Mr.  F.  taught 
school  successfully  for  10  years;  is  now  a  farmer  and  mechanic.  P. 
O.,  EUisville. 

E.  S.  Gorham,  former,  son  of  F.  S.  and  Parna  (Sullivan)  Gor- 
ham,  was  born  Nov.  2,  1833,  in  Alleghany  Co.,  N.  Y.  His  parents 
first  removed  with  him  to  Onondaga  Co.,  N.  Y.,  thence  to  this  coun- 
ty in  1837,  where  he  received  a  common-school  education  ;  attend- 
ed the  first  school  that  was  taught  in  EUisville,  which  was  in  1840. 
His  father  died  in  EUisville  in  1847.  Mr.  G.  was  married  June  4, 
1868,  to  Harriet  Sweet,  daughter  of  G.  S.  Sweet,  who  lives  with 
his  daughter.     Mrs.  G.  was  born  in  Erie  Co.,   Pa.     They  are  the 


lIIfSTOIlY    or    FULTON    COUNTY.  889 

parents  of  5  cliildron.     In  1852  Mr.  Gorham   went  "overland"  to 
California,  and  returned  by  water  in  1866.     P.  O.,  Avon. 

Allen  H.  Harrod  was  born  in  Seott  Co.,  Ind.,  Jan.  4,  18;U.  His 
father,  Wm.  Harrod,  was  the  first  child  born  in  Louisville,  Ky., 
and  was  related  to  L\A.  James  Harrod,  of  Harrodsburg.  In  his 
younger  days,  like  Daniel  Boone,  he  spent  most  of  his  time  in  the 
forest,  hunting  deer,  ])anthers  and  other  game.  He  lived  a  devoted 
member  of  the  })aptist  Chureh  till  his  death,  which  occurred  Jan. 
28,  1835.  He  lel't  a  family  of  10  chiklren,  of  whom  Alien  H.  was 
the  youngest,  being  but  4  years  old.  His  mother,  Elizabeth  (New) 
Harrod,  was  born  in  N.  C,  Dec.  6,  1786.  AVhen  12  years  of  age 
she  moved  with  a  colony  of  300  into  Kentucky,  a  distance  of  500 
miles,  the  journey  being  made  through  a  wilderness  with  pack- 
horses.  After  the  death  of  her  husband  she  labored  hard  to  sup- 
port and  educate  her  children,  which  she  did  well.  She  died  July 
4,1875.  Her  father,  Jethro  New,  was  a  soldier  in  the  Revolution- 
ary war,  and  helped  cajiture  Major  Andre,  and  witnessed  his  execu- 
tion. The  subject  of  this  sketch,  Allen  H.,  came  to  Illinois  in 
1848,  and  in  1850  married  Ailcy,  the  eldest  daughter  of  James  Cox, 
a  pioneer  of  Fulton  Co.  She  was  born  in  Canton,  II!.,  Dec.  7, 1830, 
and  possessed  those  noble  Christian  graces  which  so  beautifully 
adorn  life.  She  died  Aug.  28,  1875,  leaving  a  family  of  5  children. 
Mr.  H.  was  again  married  March  16,  1876,  to  Eliza  J.  Babbitt, 
daughter  of  James  Babbitt.  They  have  one  child,  Silva  New,  born 
Sept.  10,  1877.  Mr.  H.  was  musician  in  Co.  I,  First  Board  of 
Trade  Begiment.  He  is  a  cousin  of  John  C.  New,  ex-IT.  S.  Treas- 
urer, now  living  at  Indiana})()lis,  Jnd.  He  has  held  many  local 
offices  and  is  an  Elder  in  the  Christian  Church  at  St,  Augustine. 

Jerome  B.  Hatch,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  P.  O.,  Avon;  was 
born  in  Medina  Co.,  Ohio,  March  9,  1827,  and  is  the  son  of  Noah 
Hatch,  who  removed  with  his  family  to  Cass  county,  Mich.,  in 
1836,  where  he  died.  Mr.  Hatch's  educational  advantages  were 
confined  to  the  common  schools  of  Ohio  and  Michigan,  and  received 
but  little  of  that.  His  father  was  in  the  war  of  1812.  Mr.  H. 
came  to  this  county  in  1845.  He  was  married  Nov.  7,  1852,  to 
Mary  Woods,  by  whom  he  has  6  boys,  3  of  whom  are  living,  viz : 
Warren  W.,  Geo.  A.  and  Arthur  E.  They  are  members  of  the 
Universalist  Church.  He  lived  in  Warren  county  7  years.  He 
made  a  tour  through  the  West  a  few  years  since ;  owns  a  farm  of 
320  acres. 

John  M.  Heller,  attorney,  Avon.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  was 
born  in  Cuba,  Fulton  county,  April  3,  1847,  and  is  the  son  of 
Simon  S,  and  Susan  (Dunnivan)  Heller,  of  Cleburne,  Texas.  He 
was  reared  and  educated  in  Peoria,  also  attended  the  St.  Louis  Law 
school  one  term.  Some  time  |)rcvious  to  1869  he  was  pierced  by 
Cupid's  arrow,  hurled  by  a  Miss  America  Mowery,  whose  father 
was  decidedly  opjiosed  to  any  intimacy  whatever  between  his  daughter 
and  the  said  Mr.  Heller.     On  the  night  of  Nov.  1 7,  '(^^,  as  he  (Heller) 


890  HISTORY    OF    FILTON    COUNTY. 

was  entering  the  premises  of  Mr.  Mowery,  the  enraged  old  gentle- 
man hurled  another  arrow  (which  was  made  of  lead),  and  this  second 
arrow  did  its  work  so  well  that  in  consequence,  on  the  l-4th  day  of 
Jan.,  '69,  the  right  arm  of  Mr.  H.  was  amputated.  Finally,  on  the 
21st  of  Vfh.,  '139,  he  succeeded  in  wedding  his  dearly  bought  wife. 
Five  children  are  the  result  of  this  union,  3  boys  and  2  girls,  all 
living.  Mrs.  H.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  During  the 
war  Mr.  H.  kept  sutler's  tent,  and  in  '65  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  14th 
111.  Cav.,  but  was  discharged  before  he  reached  the  regiment.  Went 
to  Texas  in  '73,  and  there  in  '74  began  the  practice  of  law.  Also 
practiced  law  in  Kansas  one  year,  and  in  '77  was  admitted  to  the 
Bar  in  111.,  since  which  time  he  has  practiced  with  great  success  in 
the  courts  of  our  State. 

Chandler  Holli-'ifcr,  farmer  and  stock-raiser ;  P.  O.,  Avon ;  son  of 
Dr.  Elisha  Hollister,  was  born  in  Gill,  Franklin  Co.,  Mass.,  Aug. 
14,  1804;  received  a  common-school  education  in  Mass.,  and  moved 
to  Catteraugus  Co.,  X.  Y.,  in  1833;  thence  to  Trumbull  Co.,  O.,  in 
1836,  and  to  this  county  in  1837.  Mr.  H.  has  served  in  many  local 
offices.  He  was  married  in  Oct..  1833,  to  Delana  Stubbins,  who  is 
a  native  of  N.  Y.  They  had  7  children  born  to  them,  5  of  whom 
are  living.  Both  Mr.  and  Mrs.  H.  are  members  of  the  M.  E. 
Church.  He  kept  hotel  in  P^Uisville  4  years;  went  to  his  native 
State  in  1878,  visiting  everv  State  on  the  wav. 

Thomas  C.  Hovell,  tarmer,  P.  O.,  Avon,  is  a  son  of  Thomas  and 
Prudence  Hovell,  of  Union  township;  was  born  May  20,  1848,  in 
this  township.  His  father  was  at  Fort  Madison  and  saw  the  great 
warrior,  Black  Hawk,  expire;  was  also  one  of  the  first  settlers  in 
EUisville.  Mr.  Hovell  received  a  common-school  education  in  this 
county;  w^as  married  April  2,  1872,  to  Angeline  Brown,  daughter 
of  \Vm.  Brown,  of  Lee  tp.  They  have  4  children, — 2  boys  and  2 
girls.  Mrs.  H.  is  a  member  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  Mr.  H.  and 
his  brother  J.  J.  are  proprietors  of  a  butcher  shop  in  St.  Augustine, 
Knox  Co. 

Eloy  D.  MaiUlard.  The  subject  of  this  sketch,  Monsieur  Eloy 
D.  Mailliard,  was  born  at  Mortfontaine,  then  a  country-seat  belong- 
ing to  Joseph  Bonaparte,  near  Paris,  France,  March  9,  1797.  Here 
the  treaty  of  peace  between  the  United  States  and  France  was 
signed  in  1804,  an  event  which  Mr,  Mailliard  well  remembers. 
The  Mailliards  being  retainers  of  the  Bonaparte  family,  he  and  his 
two  brothers  were  taken  by  Joseph  Bonaparte  and  educated  in  Paris 
and  became  members  of  his  household.  In  1811,  when  Joseph 
Bonaparte  was  crowned  king  of  Spain,  Mr.  Mailliard  acconi]  anied 
him.  In  1814  Mr.  M.  accompanied  his  lord  to  Switzerland,  and 
in  1815  returned  with  him  to  Paris,  where  he  remained  until  the 
battle  of  Waterloo.  He  remembers  Xa]>oleou  I,  and  says  the  last 
time  he  saw  him  alive  was  at  the  last  grand  review  of  his  army  at 
the  Palace  of  the  Tuileries,  just  before  that  great  battle  which  was 
so  disastrous  to  the   Bonaparte  family.     He  saw  him  frequently  at 


IIISTOIIY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  891 

Mortfoiitaino,  and  followed  his  funeral  cortege  on  the  return  of  his 
remains  from  St.  Helena.  Mr,  M.'s  oldest  brother,  Louis  Mailliard, 
accompanied  Joseph  Bonaparte  in  his  flight  to  America.  In  1816, 
Mr.  Mailliard,  with  .Ios('])h  Bonaparte's  family,  joined  the  unfor- 
tunate exile  in  Bordentown,  New  Jersey.  He  was  present  when 
Lafayette  paid  the  family  a  visit,  and  saw  Bonaparte  and  Lafayette 
embrace  and  kiss,  and  heard  their  conversation.  ]\Ir.  ISIailliard 
still  has  vivid  recollections  of  the  younger  members  of  the  Bona- 
parte family.  He  was  very  familiar  with  Louis  Napoleon,  and 
when,  in  1848,  while  living  in  Avon,  he  read  of  his  election  to  the 
Presidency  of  the  French  Rej)ublic,  he  wrote  to  him,  congratulating 
him  on  his  election,  and  received  an  autograjJi  letter  in  re])ly,  which 
is  full  of  affectionate  remembrance  and  bears  date,  "•  Paris,  8  May, 
1849."  In  18')9,  after  Napoleon  had  been  crowned  Emperor,  he 
caused  a  letter  to  be  written  to  Mr.  M.  enclosing  a  token  of  remem- 
brance more  substantial  than  words,  as  the  following  letter  from 
Baring  Bros.  &  Co.  of  London,  will  show : 

Mr.  E.  Mailliaki),  Avon,  Fulton  County,  Illinois: 

Sir:  —  Confornial)le  to  an  order  that  has  heen  given  tons  by  His  Exeel- 
leney,  the  Minister  of  State  and  of  tlie  Honseiioid  of  thr  Eiii]>ire  of  France, 
we  have  ordered  Messrs.  James  King's  Sons,  bankers,  of  New  York,  to  pay  to 
you  the  sum  of  10,000  francs.  * 

Receive,  dear  sir,  our  distinguished  consideration, 

BARING  BROS.  &  CO. 

Victor  Hugo  was  one  of  Mr.  Mailliard's  young  companions,  and 
was  page  to  King  Joseph.  In  1826  Mr.  Mailliard  went  to  Italy  to 
reside  with  Napoleon  Louis,  elder  brother  of  Louis  Napoleon,  who 
was  the  husband  of  Princess  Charlotte,  daughter  of  Joseph  and 
Julie  Bonaparte,  remaining  with  them  in  Florence  until  1832; 
from  thence  he  returned  to  France  and  residcKl  at  the  castle  Sureil- 
lirs,  in  the  dcj)artment  of  the  Seine,  until  l8ol.  He  was  married 
Dec.  29,  1824,  to  Amanda  Teresa  (iallet;  by  whom  he  has  had  3 
sons  and  7  daughters  —  seven  of  whom  are  living  in  and  near  Avon. 
Mrs.  M.  was  born  at  the  castle  of  Mortfontaine  in  1806,  and  was 
a  god-daughter  of  Joseph  I^oiiaparte  and  his  daughter  Zenaide  (for 
whom  their  daughter  Zenaide  was  named)  and  was  adopted  by  the 
family,  reared  by  Queen  Julie,  Joseph's  wife,  who  educated  her  in 
Paris.  Miss  Gallet  had  gone  with  her  godmother  to  Germany  in 
1816,  and  in  1821  came  with  the  Princess  Charlotte  to  America  to 
visit  Joseph  Bonaparte,  and  returned  to  France  in  1823.  Mr. 
Mailliard  followed,  and  they  were  married  as  above  stated,  at  Mort- 
fontaine. Mrs.  M.  was  Queen  Julie's  confidential  maid,  and  has 
several  kind  letters  from  her.  After  their  marriage  the  Mailliards 
returned  to  America  and  resided  with  Jose]>h  Bonaparte  two  years, 
when  they  returned  to  Florence,  Italy,  to  reside  with  Princess 
Charlotte,  who  was  then  an  exile  to  that  ])lace.  They  resided  there 
six  years,  then  returned  to  the  place  of  their  birth,  Mortfontaine, 
and  in  1841  returned  to  America  and  settled  in  Avon.     They  have 


892  HISTORY    or    FULTON    COUNTY. 

a  oolleotion  of  valiniblo  presents  from  difforont  members  of  the 
Bonaparte  family.  Among  these  is  a  painting-  by  the  immortal 
Rapluiel  of  the  head  of  Christ  in  his  last  agony.  This  is  a  master- 
piece of  art,  and  was  a  present  from  Qneen  Jnlie  to  Mrs.  Gallet, 
mother  of  Mrs.  Mailliard,  and  when  presented,  it  was  with  the 
understanding  that  it  slu)iild  be  inherited  by  her.  It  was  a  present 
to  the  Queen  by  Xapoleon  First.  A  daughter  of  Mailliard's,  Mrs. 
Geo.  Simmons,  who  was  a  goddaughter  of  the  Princess  Charlotte, 
has  an  opal  cross  and  ear-rings,  of  great  value,  presented  by  her 
godmother.  The  cross  contains  an  ojxil  an  inch  long,  with  two 
others  one-half  inch  long,  surrounded  by  twelve  rubies  set  in  gold. 
This  set  was  a  present  to  Charlotte  from  Bernadotte,  King  of  Swe- 
den. Mrs.  Mailliard  has  a  gold  watch  and  chain,  the  watch  a 
present  from  Princess  Charlotte,  and  the  chain  from  Queen  Julie. 
AVhile  living  in  Rome,  Mrs.  M.  was  intimately  acquainted  with 
Madame  Letitia  Ramolina,  mother  of  Xapoleon  the  Great,  and 
visited  her  frequently.  She  was  at  that  time  90  years  old,  and  had 
seen  her  family  rise  until  they  ruled  Europe,  and  saw  their  influence 
and  power  decline  until  all  were  exiles.  Mr.  M.  occupied  the  posi- 
tion of  purveyor  of  the  household  in  the  family  of  Joseph  Bona- 
parte for  several  years,  and  was  Captain  of  Militia  under  Louis 
Phillippc,  haVing  still  the  uniform  he  then  wore.  Mrs.  M.  was  two 
years  older  than  Princess  Charlotte,  and  four  years  younger  than 
her  godmother  Princess  Zenaide,  and  was  their  companion  and  con- 
fidential maid  until  she  and  they  reached  years  of  maturity.  On 
the  death  of  Princess  Charlotte  she  directed  in  her  will  that  an 
annuity  of  §380  be  paid  to  Mrs.  Mailliard  from  her  estate  so  long 
as  she  should  live,  and  it  is  received  promptly  each  year.  Mr. 
Mailliard's  brother,  Louis,  staid  with  Joseph  lionaparte  until  his 
death,  and  was  executor  of  his  will.  He  was  also  in  the  Franco- 
Prussian  war,  and  was  in  Paris  during  the  Siege,  attending  to  the 
interests  of  Joseph  Bonaparte's  family,  and  sent  out  a  letter  by 
balloon  to  INIr.  Mailliard,  which  was  received.  Mr.  Mailliard  is  a 
hale  old  man,  a  little  deaf,  i)ut  quite  jovial.  Mrs.  M.  is  also  hearty 
and  an  entertaining  old  lady.  The  children  are  all  married  except 
Zenaide,  who  lives  with  and  takes  care  of  her  parents. 

Robert  A.  Mitchell,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  P.  O.,  Avon;  was 
born  in  the  Emerald  Isle,  Aug.  12,  '29,  and  is  the  son  of  Chas. 
Mitchell,  who  came  across  the  ocean  with  his  family  to  Pennsyl- 
vania in  1831,  thence  to  Ohio,  and  from  thence  to  Knox  county,  111., 
and  in  1865,  Mr.  M.  settled  in  Fulton  county.  He  was  married, 
April  12,  '55,  to  Sarah  Hendricks;  she  was  born  in  Indiana,  Aug. 
21,  '30.  They  had  12  children,  of  whom  10  are  living,  viz:  Caro- 
line, Oliver,  Stephen  A.,  Henry,  George,  Elizabeth,  Silas,  Emma, 
Mary  and  Robert.  Mr.  M.  owns  between  400  and  500  acres  of 
land. 

Rev.  Amos  Morcij,  son  of  John  Morey,  was  born  Sept.  16,  '12,  on 
the  Penobscot  river,  in  what  was  then  the   Territorv  of  Maine. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

His  parents  removed  with  their  family  in  1815  to  Oneida  county,  N. 
Y.,  thence  to  Huron  county,  Ohio,  in  1831,  and  in  1837  Mr.  M. 
came  to  Fulton  county.  In  1838  he  hauled  wheat  to  Chicago,  sold 
it  for  50  cents  a  bushel.  He  was  married  Sept.  16,  '33,  to  I^ydia  H. 
Wright,  by  whom  he  had  10  children.  Mrs.  M.  died  April  8,  '76, 
and  he  again  married,  Oct.  22, '76,  to  Elizabeth  J.  (Shoemaker)  Lit- 
tle. They  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Ohurch  ;  was  Paster  of  the 
Avon  ^I.  E.  Church  last  year;  is  now  a  supcranuated  minister.  His 
sou  Geo.  M.  is  Pastor  of  the  M.  E.  Church  at  Millersburc:,  and  was 
Pastor  of  the  M.  E.  Church  at  Lewistown  2  years.  His  daughter 
Emily  E.  is  the  wife  of  Rev.  George  W.  Martin,  Pastor  of  the 
Prairie  City  M.  E.  Church.  His  son,  Amos  F.,  is  patentee  of 
Morey's  iron  truck  and  of  a  sulky  attachment  for  j)lows. 

Thomas  Pool,  son  of  John  and  Elizabeth  (Fulton)  Pool ;  was 
bora  in  La  Porte  county,  Ind.,  March  31,  '33;  removed  with  his 
parents  to  ]\Iontgomery  county,  Ind,,  in  1837,  thence  to  AVayne  Co., 
Ind.,  in  1840,  and  to  this  county  in  1843.  He  served  3  years  in  the 
Rebellion,  in  Co.  I.,  72d  111.  Inf.,  and  was  in  the  siege  of  Vicks- 
burg,  and  the  battles  of  Cham])ion  Hills,  Mobile,  Franklin  and 
K^ashville;  was  married  Jan.  16,  '57,  to  Charlotte  Leeper,  in  Fair- 
view  township.  They  have  had  7  children,  6  of  whom  are  living. 
Mr.  and  Mrs.  P.  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  Mr.  Pool  be- 
gan in  life  poor,  and  has  gained  a  large  farm  which  is  well  improved 
and  stocked.  His  brother,  Joseph  Pool,  went  to  California  in  1858, 
and  died  there  in  1859.  Mrs.  Pool's  brother,  John  Leeper,  married 
a  sister  of  Gov.  Cullom.     P.  O.,  Avon. 

A.  P.  Potter,  farmer ;  P.  O.,  Avon ;  son  of  Nathan  B.  and  Lucy 
(Northrop)  Potter;  was  born  in  Sussex  county.,  N.  J.,  Jan.  21,  '27, 
and  came  to  this  county  in  1858.  He  enlisted,  Aug.  22,  '62,  in  the 
late  war,  and  was  discharged  June  29,  ^Qi) ;  was  taken  prisoner  near 
Scottsborough,  and  afterward  exchanged.  He  has  held  local  offices, 
Mr.  P.  was  married  Jan.  26,  '48,  to  Elizabeth  B.  Crate,  of  New 
Jersey,  by  whom  he  had  10  children  ;  7  of  them  are  living.  E.  Y. 
C.  and  Lucy  D.  are  married.  He  is  a  member  of  the  Presbvterian 
Church.     Mr.  P.  has   cleared  over  100  acres  of  land  in  the  timber. 

Alvah  S.  Ric/idrdson  was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  Md.,  Sept.  8,  '36, 
and  is  the  son  of  Pliny  and  Elizabeth  (Pierce)  Richardson,  who 
started  West  in  an  ox  wagon  when  Mr.  R.  was  but  JO  days  old,  and 
settled  in  Knox  Co.,  111.  Mr.  Richardson  was  educated  in  the 
common  schools  of  Knox  Co.,  and  settled  in  this  county  in  1868; 
was  married,  April  1,  '57,  to  Ann  Eliza  Dagget,  by  Chas.  B. 
Housh,  J.  P.,  in  Warren  Co.  Mrs.  R.  was  born  in  Knox  county 
April  1,  '39.  They  are  the  parents  of  11  children,  of  whom  9  are 
living, — Eden  S.,  Samuel  A.,  Rodric  R.,  Sarah  E.,  Harmonia, 
Christina  W.,  Minerva  C,  Orpha  D.,  and  John  P.  They  are  Uni- 
versalists.     He  is  a  farmer  and  stock-raiser.     P.  O.,  Avon. 

Gen.  Leonard  F.  Boss.  This  well-known  and  distintruished  cen- 
tleman  is  a  native  son  of  Fulton  Co.,  having  been  born  at  Lewis- 

51 


894  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

town,  July  18,  '23.  His  father,  Ossian  M.  Ro.ss,  was  the  founder  of 
Lewistown,  and  fifjured  very  prominently  in  the  early  history  of  the 
eounty.  His  mother,  Mary  Ross,  nee  Winans,  died  in  Peoria  in 
1875,  at  the  ripe  old  aj»;e  of  82.  'V\\c  General  received  most  of  his 
education  in  his  father's  private  school,  tutored  hy  Chas.  E.  Blood, 
who  since  died  in  Knox  Co.  He  attended  Illinois  College,  at  Jack- 
sonville, one  year.  Pie  was  the  first  Secretary  of  the  Fulton  Co. 
A<2:ricultural  Society,  and  the  first  President  of  the  Avon  Agri- 
cultural Society.  During  the  Mexican  war  the  General  served 
as  Lieutenant  of  Co.  K,  4th  111.  Inf.  He  has  in  his  possession  a 
blood-stained  sword  taken  at  Cerro  Gordo.  Mr.  R.  organized  the 
first  company  (Co.  H,  17th  III.  Inf.)  that  went  from  Fulton  county 
during  the  Rebellion.  Of  this  com])any  he  was  clK)sen  captain,  but 
upon  arrival  in  camp  he  was  elected  Colonel,  and  in  April,  18(j2, 
was  promoted  to  Brigadier  General.  He  participated  in  some  of  the 
most  hotly  contested  engagements  during  the  entire  struggle  for 
Union  and  supremacy  of  the  General  Government,  and  by  superior 
judgment  and  having  the  unshaken  confidence  of  his  men,  won 
some  great  victories.  Prior  to  the  war  he  was  a  Democrat,  politic- 
ally, but  took  a  determined  stand  fi)r  the  Union,  and  won  laurels 
while  defending  it  that  will  cause  his  name  to  live  throuy;h  future 
ages  in  American  history.  He  then  acted  with  the  Ivcjniblican 
party  until  the  ''salary  grab"  in  1872,  when  he  affiliated  with  the 
Independents  until,  recently,  he  returned  to  the  Republican 
party.  Besides  occupying  responsible  positions  in  both  the  Mexican 
and  civil  wars,  Mr.  Ross  has  filled  the  offices  of  Probate  Justice 
and  County  Clerk  of  Fulton  Co.,  also  Police  Magistrate,  Collector 
of  Internal  Rievenue,  Supervisor  and  minor  positions.  He  was 
twice  defeated  fi)r  Congress,  but  was  a  strong  candidate  for  his 
ticket.  He  never  sought  any  office  except  that  of  County  Clerk. 
He  was  married  to  Catharine  M.  Simms  Nov.  13,  1845.  She  bore 
him  7  children,  lie  married  a  second  wife  in  the  person  of  Mary 
E.  Warren  Jan.  10,  18(35,  by  whom  he  has  4  children.  Of  all  his 
children  1  is  living.  The  General  is  engaged  in  farming  and  breed- 
ing Devon  cattle.  He  has  some  fine  herds,  some  of  which  took  the 
j)remium  last  year  (1878)  at  the  St.  Louis  National  Fair,  and  some 
at  the  Illinois  State  Fair.     P.  O.,  Avon. 

David  M.  Stump,  dealer  in  agricultural  implements,  Avon,  is  one 
of  the  leading  and  representative  men  of  this  township. 

Stephen  Tomjjklns,  merchant,  Avon,  is  a  son  of  Brownell  Tomp- 
kins, and  was  born  Jan.  17,  1815,  in  Madison  Co.,  N.  Y. ;  renioved 
to  Galesburg,  111.,  and  entered  the  farm  he  now  owns  adjoining 
Avon,  and  a  portion  of  the  present  town  plat  of  Avon,  in  '37,  and 
in  '38  removed  to  his  land  and  began  imjiroving  it.  Mr  T.  is  a 
much  married  man,  having  married  three  sisters:  Mary  F.,  Ethel- 
inda  (i.  and  Julia  P.  Woods.  His  love  aif'airs  are  rather  sadly 
romantic.  He  first  became  attached  to  Mary,  and  as  her  father  was 
about  to  start  to  this  country,  Mr.  T.  could  not  think  of  forever 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  895 

partinp^  with  the  one  he  so  dearly  loved,  hence  he  also  started  for 
Illinois,  but  was  })erniitted  to  live  but  a  short  time  with  her  until 
she  was  called  away  by  death.  He  shortly  afterward  married  Eth- 
elinda,  who  also  died  in  a  short  time.  He  then  returned  to  the 
house  of  his  double  father-in-law  and  took  the  remaining  daughter, 
with  whom  he  has  since  ha]i])ily  lived.  They  have  had  8  children 
born  to  them, — 7  boys  and  one  girl,  4  of  whom  are  living.  When 
he  first  settled  here  he  followed  shoemaking  and  began  keeping  a 
few  groceries,  after  which  he  established  the  first  store  in  Avon,  and 
is  still  in  business  in  this  place  with  his  sons,  Albert  B.  and  Stephen 
L.  In  '41  he  erected  a  tannery,  which  he  operated  for  several 
years;  and  in  1856  built  the  Avon  flouring-mill,  at  a  cost  of 
^20,000. 

Joshua  G.  Walker,  farmer,  P.  O.,  Avon  ;  son  of  Hugh  Walker, 
was  born  in  Lewis  county,  Ky.,  Oct.  6,  1831.  His  parents  brought 
him  to  this  country  when  but  4  years  old;  received  his  education  in 
a  log  school-house  with  pap-^r  windows  and  slab  benches  ;  has  served 
the  people  as  Supervisor  of  Union  township:  is  now  one  of  the 
Trustees  of  Hedding  College,  Abingdon.  He  was  married  March 
28,  1854,  to  iSIinerva  Brown,  who  was  born  in  Fulton  county,  June 
18,  1831.  They  have  had  9  children,  eight  of  whom  are  living. 
Both  are  members  of  the  M.  E.  Church.  Mrs.  W.'s  grandfather, 
Samuel  Barrows,  served  in  the  war  of  the  Revolution,  and  she  still 
preserves  a  lock  of  his  silver  hair,  which  was  black  when  taken  from 
his  head.  She  also  jireserves  his  wine  vessel,  which  is  in  the  shape 
of  a  barrel,  and  holds  about  a  pint. 

George  Woods  was  born  in  Sullivan,  N.  Y.,  June  5,  1831,  and  is 
the  son  of  Asa  Woods,  who  came  to  this  county  with  his  family  in 
1836.  They  came  in  a  two-horse  wagon,  and  M'cre  on  the  road  six 
weeks,  and  the  old  gentleman  was  sick  nearly  the  entire  time.  Asa 
Woods'  brother,  Salem  Woods,  came  to  McDonough  Co.,  111.,  in 
1831,  and  still  lives  on  the  farm  he  first  entered.  The  subject  of 
this  sketch,  Mr.  George  Woods,  attended  the  first  school  in  Union 
township.  It  was  taught  by  a  Mr.  Davis.  He  was  married,  Dec. 
20,  1854,  to  Sarah  A.  Parkin,  who  is  a  native  of  England,  and  was 
born  July  4,  1832.  They  have  5  children,  1  boy  and  4  girls.  Mr. 
W.  is  engaged  in  farming.     P.  O.,  Avon. 

TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 
SUPERVISORS. 

L.H.  Bradbury 1S50  Thomas  Vandecar 1864 

J.  G.  Gallet 1851  D.  H.  Gorliam 18()5-67 

L.  H.  Bradbury 1852  F.  H.  Merrill 18(58-69 

S.  Babbitt 1853  Leonard  F.  Ross 1870 

John  Gallet 1854  J.  G.  Walker 1871 

James  Kobb 1855  Silas  Babbitt 1872 

D.  M.  Stump 1856  L.  H.  Hewett 1873 

M.  Gutridgre 1857-58  James  T.  Sta<rgs 1874-75 

Robert  VV.  Townsend 1859  James  F.  Mings 1876-77 

Isaac  Cunningham 1861-62  Frederick  H.  Merrill 1878-79 

Stephen  Tompkins 1863 


89(5 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


TOWN     CLERKS. 


Isjiac  F.  Babbitt 1850-52 

A.  BaMwin 1853-54 

George  Simmons 1855-60 

Thomas  Cnibh 1861 

Naaman  Snively 1862 


H.  V.  D.  Voorliees 1863-71 

A.  J.Churchill 1872-75 

Mark  Uil.-rv 1876-77 

George  \V. 'Abbott 1878 

James  R.  Shawcross 1879 


ASSESSORS. 


F.  H.  Rohy 1850 

Ansting  ilattinglv 1851 

Isaac  Babbitt .' 1852 

E.  M.  Clements 1S53 

J.  Mings 1854-55 

Isaac  Babbitt 1856 

D.  C.  Woods 1857 

P.  H.  Smith  1858 

George  Simmons 1859 

E.  M.  Clements 1860 

J.  M.  Mattinglv 1861-62 

D.  H.  Gorham' 1863 


L.  McGarraugh 1864 

M.  Head 1865 

L.  R.  Thorp  1866-67 

Giles  Crissey 1868 

Geoige  Simmons 1869 

Jerome  B.  Hatch 1870-71 

James  Staggs 1872 

M.  R.  Gutridge 1873 

J.W.Fisher 1874 

James  F.  Mings 1875 

D.  H.  Gorham 1876-79 


COLLECTORS. 


George  R.  Tippett 1850-51 

Isaac  Cunningham 1852-53 

George  Simmons 1854 

Isaac  Cunningham 1855-58 

W.  S.  Woods 18.59-60 

Oliver  Crissev... 1861-62 

A.  Harrod..." 1863 

James  McGowen 1864 

David  Armstrong 1  65 

"VVra.  Stewart 1866 

Job  Babbitt 1867 


L.  R.  Thorp 1868-69 

Chas.  Edmonson 1870 

John  W.  Thorp 1871 

L.  A.  Hall 1872 

\V.  B.Stoddard 1873-74 

A.  B.  McFarland  1875 

Geo.  Simmons 1876 

M.   K.  Shaw.russ 1877 

Luther  J.  Adams 1878 

John  M.  Heller 1879 


VERMONT  TOWNSHIP. 

One  of  the  best  improved  townships  in  Fulton  county  is  the  one 
the  history  of  which  we  now  write;  yet  to  attempt  a  history  of  the 
township  separate  and  distinct  from  that  of  the  town  woukl  be  to 
recapituhite  or  repeat  in  a  great  measure  what  is  to  be  said  of  the 
town  of  Vermont.  Hence  witli  a  few  references  to  some  of  the 
leading  historical  items  of  the  township,  we  will  pass  to  the  history 
of  the  town. 

It  is  probable  that  Moses  Davis  was  the  first  settler  to  locate  in 
the  township,  who  came  as  early  as  1832  and  erected  his  cabin  one- 
half  mile  southwest  of  where  the  town  of  Vermont  is  located.  The 
first  Church  was  that  of  the  Protestant  Methodist  denomination,  and 
was  organized  in  1843.  The  society  erected  a  building  the  same 
year.  The  first  school-house  was  built  in  183G  on  the  Public 
Square  in  Vermont.  It  was  constructed  of  hewn  logs.  James 
Spicer  taught  the  first  school  in  the  same  year.  The  first  saw-mill 
in  the  township  was  built  by  Job  Bogue  in  1838  or  '39.  The  first 
grist-mill  was  built  by  Rhodes  Dilwortii  in  Vermont  in  1840.  The 
first  tannery  was  erected  by  James  Boyle  in  1843.  On  the  farm  of 
Jonathan  Bogue  stands  the  first  barn  that  was  ever  erected  in  the 
township.  It  was  built  by  Jesse  Cox  about  the  time  of  Job  Bogue's 
settlement  in  this  township. 

By  1844  there  were  quite  a  number  of  settlers  in  the  tp.  Among 
them  were  Isaac  Cadwallader,  John  Evans,  the  Deane  family,  Stephen 
Lindsey,  Josiah  Zull,  Thomas  Holmes,  J.  P,  and  J.  W.  Powell, 
Wm.  Marshall,  Mr.  Chaddock  and  others. 

At  this  date  and  jireviously  there  were  no  frame  houses  in  the 
township  and  very  little  land  under  cultivation,  and  su})j)li('s  fi)r 
settlers  were  obtained  at  Lewistown  and  St.  Louis.  A  horse-mill 
located  on  Spoon  river  and  a  little  water  mill  on  Potatoe  creek,  built 
by  Mr.  P.  Williams  in  1832,  supplied  the  settlers  with  their  grist. 
Considerable  time,  however,  was  consumed  by  the  pioneers  in  se- 
curing a  sufficient  quantity  of  meal  to  run  the  family  larder. 

As  immigration  set  in  rapidly  westward,  the  township  soon  be- 
came thickly  settled  by  an  industrious,  energetic  people  whose  en- 
terprise has  brought  Vermont  to  the  front  rank  among  the  townships 
of  the  county.  Among  the  leading  farmers  of  Vermont  township 
outside  the  town  wiio  have  contributed  most  largely  to  the  devel- 
opment of  the  resources  of  the  county,  we  mention  the  names  of 
Jonathan   Bogue,  T.  C.  Robinson,  Joseph   Robinson,  J.  W.  Robin- 


89;^  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

son,  J.  H.  Marshall,  John  Fleming,  Samuel  Etnier, Isaac  Cadwalla- 
der,  Abraham  Kost,  Granville  Wright,  Nicholas  Hipslcy,  J.  D.  and 
Geo.  W.  Powell,  Reuben  Kinsey  (who  planted  the  first  vineyard), 
Charles  Russell,  Evan  Fremont,  Thos.  Holmes  and  others. 

The  simplicity  of  agricultural  implements  in  early  days  may  be 
more  readily  conceived  from  the  following  incidents,  as  related  by 
W.  G.  Clark  :  The  old  wooden  mold-board  plow  then  in  general  use 
would  not  scour  in  the  tough  prairie  soil,  and  Talman  Litchfield, 
disgusted  at  having  to  clean  his  plow  every  rod  or  two,  offered  to 
deed  50  acres  of  land  to  any  one  who  would  produce  a  plow  that 
would  scour  itself  ISIr.  Clark,  who  was  then  in  very  limited  cir- 
cumstances, thought  this  an  excellent  opportunity  to  obtain  some 
real  estate  without  expense,  and  accordingly  he  and  Warren  Vail,  a 
blacksmith,  manufactured  one  which  was  very  similar  to  those  now 
in  use.  It  worked  exceedingly  well,  keeping  itself  perfectly  bright. 
This  was  the  first  really  improved  plow  in  Vermont  township. 
Mr.  Litchfield  was  now  asked  to  fulfill  his  agreement  and  deed  the 
land  ;  but  this  he  refused  to  do.  Consequently  a  lawsuit  was  under- 
taken, and  a  sort  of  mock  trial  was  had  in  the  old  log  school-house 
at  Vermont,  where  much  joking,  laughing  speech-making  and  flow- 
ing of  whisky  ended  the  contest. 

As  illustrative  of  the  happiness  of  some  of  the  pioneers,  the  fol- 
lowing was  told  by  Mr.  Cassidy,  of  this  township  :  During  the  earli- 
est settlement  of  this  countrv  there  dwelt  at  Barker's  Grove  a  man 
named  Osborn,  who  lived  alone  in  a  small  cabin.  When  the  deep 
snow  of  1830-1  fell  his  humble  abode  was  almost  obliterated  under 
a  heavy  drift  of  snow.  As  the  snow  remained  upon  the  ground  for 
several  months,  some  of  those  who  had  settled  in  his  vicinity  be- 
came uneasy  about  him  ;  and  having  discussed  the  matter  among 
themselves,  they  determined  to  rescue  the  man  or  furnish  him  pro- 
visions. Accordingly  several  citizens,  laden  with  provisions,  made 
their  way  over  the  crust  that  had  formed  upon  the  snow  to  his  cabin. 
When  within  a  short  distance  of  his  house,  they  heard  the  sound  of 
a  violin,  and  when  they  entered  the  rude  home,  the  supposed  corjise, 
or  at  least  invalid,  was  found  with  his  face  wreathed  in  smiles  and 
enjoying  the  sweet  strains  of  his  violin,  and  his  only  visible  means 
of  support  was  one,  solitary  half-gallon  of  corn  meal. 

VERMONT. 

This  is  one  of  the  most  attractive  and  beautifully  situated  towns 
in  Fulton  countv.  It  contains  many  as  handsome  residences  as  can 
be  found  anywhere  in  this  part  of  the  State.  As  an  old  land-mark 
of  this  county,  the  history  of  its  growth,  past  and  present,  will  no 
doubt  be  a[)preciated  by  those  who  have  been  instrumental  in 
its  growth  and  bv  those  whose  settlement  in  the  county  has  been  of 
recent  date.  As  much  of  our  history  is  obtained  from  the  original 
pioneers  who  came  from  the  sunny  South  and  the  enterprising  East, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  899 

we  shall,  before  entering  upon  any  detailed  description  of  Vermont, 
mention  the  names  and  dates  of  arrival  of  many  whose  honorable 
record  and  business  thrift  have  made  them  respected  in  the  com- 
munity, where  many  years  of  trying  and  eventful  life  have  brought 
them  their  reward. 

James  J.  Crail  came  here  in  March,  1833,  and  settled  permanent- 
ly in  1834;  Joab  Mershon  located  here  during  the  autumn  of  1838, 
James  Dil worth  in  1837,  Henrv  Nelson  in  183G,  Eliakim  Kirkbride 
in  1839,  Ezra  Dilworth  in  183"?,  Dr.  \Vm.  H.  Nance  in  1841,  S.  F. 
Hoopes  in  1841,  James  A.  Russell  in  1847,  Col.  Thos.  Hamer  in 
1845,  Edward  and  Patterson  Hamer  in  1854,  Cephas  Toland  about 
the  year  1841,  Emer  Dilworth  in  1837,  Robert  Dilworth  was  born 
in  the  township  in  1833  and  was  brought  into  town  in  1839,  Ed- 
ward Webster  settled  here  in  1850,  and  others. 

James  and  Joseph  Crail  were  the  founders  of  Vermont,  They 
were  Kentuckians  by  birth  and  came  from  Indiana  to  Vermont  in 
1833,  as  above  stated,  but  did  not  locate  permanently  until  the  fol- 
lowing year.  They  had  purchased  an  80-acre  tract  of  land,  which 
is  now  within  the  corporate  limits  of  the  town  ;  and  seeing  the  ne- 
cessity of  a  town  in  this  part  of  the  county,  they  determined  on 
founding  one.  Assisted  by  Jonas  Rawalt,  County  Surveyor,  who  at 
present  resides  in  Orion  town^h  p,  in  1835  they  began  a  preliminary 
survey  for  the  town,  and  ere  long  the  80  acres  just  mentioned  was 
platted  into  town  lots.  These  lots  sold  quite  readily  and  at  fair 
prices  to  the  few  pioneers  who  then  dwelt  within  the  limits  of  Ver- 
mont township.  Jas.  Crail  built  the  first  dwelling,  which  was  a 
small  frame  buiiding,  and  is  nowoccui)ied  by  Mrs.  Nlargaret  Collins. 
Mr.  Joseph  Crail,  a  brotiier  of  the  well-known  James  J.  Crail  who 
resides  in  Vermont,  and  who  died  in  Kansas  several  years  ago, 
erected  the  sectond  residence.  The  first  store  building  was  rected  in 
1837  bv  xMr.  G.  Reeves. 

Digressing  a  little  from  detailing  first  occurrences,  we  will  relate 
the  circumstances  under  which  Vermont  was  named.  In  early  day 
the  "  little  brown  jug  "  was  thought  to  be  an  indispensable  article 
among  the  pioneers.  Mr.  Crail  was  at  a  loss  to  know  what  the 
name  of  the  town  should  be.  At  the  general  sale  of  lots,  which 
was  held  shortly  after  the  laying  out  of  the  town,  much  discussion 
and  jesting  was  indulged  in  on  this  point;  for,  be  it  known,  the 
early  settlers  were  inveterate  jokers,  and  they  never  lost  an  oppor- 
tunity for  a  little  fun.  Abitlia  Williams,  said  to  be  an  eccentric 
character,  proposed  to  Mr.  Crail  that  if  the  naming  of  the  town 
was  left  to  him  he  would  see  that  a  gallon  of  whisky  would  be 
forthcoming.  The  proposition  was  accepted  and  the  bidders  for  lots 
when  they  were  sold  pa"took  freely,  and  then,  as  now,  no  doubt, 
somj  felt  considerably  exhilarated.  Mr.  Williams  was  a  native  of 
the  Green  M)untain  State,  and  accordingly  selected  for  the  name 
of  the  town  "  Vermont,"  in  honor  of  his  State.  Jonas  Rawalt,  the 
surveyor,  had  suggested  the  name  of  '*  Meridian,"  owing,  no  doubt, 


900  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

to  his  knowledge  of  latitude   and   longitude,  and  as  the  town  was 
located  only  one-half  a  mile  from  the  fourth  principal  meridian. 

During  the  autumn  of  1837  Wm,  Dilworth  and  Jesse  Cox  set- 
tled in  the  township,  and  the  following  year  moved  into  the  village. 
There  were  at  that  time  perha{)s  a  dozen  buildings,  log  and  frame, 
in  the  place.  A  postotfice,  of  course,  was  a  necessity  to  the  pioneers, 
and  accordingly,  in  a  rough  round-log  building  in  the  vicinity  of 
David  Kirkbride's  hotel,  a  postoffice  was  started.  Wm.  jSIcCurdy 
and  A.  G.  Frisbie  were  postmasters,  and  mail  was  carried  once  a 
week  bv  A.  G.  Frisbie  first,  who  made  the  trip  to  Bernadotte  with 
a  little  mail  bag  thrown  over  his  shoulders.  After  him  James  Crail 
was  carrier.  The  trip  was  made  on  horseback,  and  often  Mr.  Crail 
carried  the  mail  in  his  hat.  The  postage  ranged  according  to  dis- 
tance, from  6i  cents  to  25  cents  on  each  letter.  In  those  days  let- 
ters were  not  enclosed  in  envelopes,  but  were  folded  and  sealed  in  a 
mysterious  way  and  bore  an  undisguised  appearance  of  quiet  dig- 
nity. Very  often  considerable  skirmishing  around  had  to  be  done 
by  the  settlers  to  procure  the  necessary  25  cents  to  get  the  long 
looked-for  letter  from  relatives  hundreds  of  miles  away. 

In  1837  there  were  three  small  general  stores  in  the  place.  Trade 
was  quite  limited,  and  the  three  merchants  did  not  continue  in 
business  a  great  length  of  time.  Wm.  Dilworth  started  a  general 
merchandise  store  in  1840,  and  the  same  year  Rhodes  Dilworth 
built  the  first  steam  mill,  which  is  supposed  to  be  the  first  in  the 
Military  Tract.  Customers  came  from  a  distance  of  50  or  60  miles 
to  this  mill.  Goods  were  purchased  from  St.  Louis,  transported  to 
the  most  convenient  landings  on  the  river  and  hauled  from  there  in 
wagons.  During  the  winter  of  1838  salt  sold  as  high  as  6^  cents 
per  pound ;  subsequently  it  sold  readily  for  8  cents  per  pound.  It 
was  not  long  before  the  increased  immigration  began  to  tell  upon 
the  business  and  prosperity  of  the  town.  In  1838  Joab  Mershon, 
poor  and  unknown,  entered  the  town,  and  for  several  years  engaged 
in  shoemaking.  In  1841,  with  a  light  capital  but  an  abiding  faith 
in  the  future  prosj)erity  of  the  town,  he  entered  into  business,  erect- 
ing a  two-story  brick  building  on  the  east  side  of  the  Square.  This 
was  at  the  time  the  only  store  in  the  place,  and  from  the  start  Mr. 
Mershon  transacted  a  very  good  business.  The  following  year 
Enos  Monohan,a  Christian  preacher,  bought  a  small  building  south 
of  town  and  entered  into  comi)etition  with  Mr.  Mershon. 

Previous  to  1850  the  several  merchants  of  the  place,  besides  those 
■we  have  mentioned,  were  Edward  Staplefi)r(l,  who  kept  a  general 
store,  John  J.  Lynn  and  James  Dilworth.  In  1842  the  American 
House  was  built  l)y  the  present  proprietor  and  J.  W.  Kelly.  It  was 
then  18  by  20  feet,  and  two  stories  in  height,  and  erected  of  brick. 
It  was  looked  upon  by  the  citizens  with  something  akin  to  pride. 
In  1840  a  grist-mill  was  built  by  Rhodes  Dilworth  and  William 
Fellon,  west  of  the  Square,  40  by  40  feet.  This  was  a  three-story 
frame  building,  and  was  really  the  main  stay  and  hope  of  the  town 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  901 

for  some  time.  It  brought  many  customers  from  the  remote  parts 
of  this  and  adjoining  counties,  to  the  joy  ol"  its  enterprising  proprie- 
tors. About  this  time  James  Boyle  erected  a  small  building,  and 
in  connection  with  Robert  Anderson  built  a  tannery,  which  estab- 
lishment boasted  but  little  of  the  modern  and  improved  machinery 
of  this  day,  the  process  of  tanning  then  requiring  weeks.  Being 
only  moderately  successful,  they  sold  to  Cephas  Toland,  Avho  trans- 
acted quite  a  large  and  successful  business.  Still  a  second  tannery 
was  found  to  be  necessary, — at  least  it  was  thought  so.  The  pro- 
prietors of  this  one  were  Heizer  &  Stevens,  who  built  a  tan-yard 
in  the  western  part  of  town. 

In  1844  or  '45  a  saw-mill  was  erected.  The  first  saw-mill  was 
run  i)y  horse  and  ox  tread  power,  but  was  turned  into  a  steam  grist- 
mill in  1845.  The  saw- mill  drew  but  little  trade  to  the  town  and 
proved  un})rofitable  to  its  owners,  and  accordingly  it  was  converted 
into  a  carding-mill.  This,  it  appears,  was  not  a  financial  success, 
and  accordinglv  the  maehinerv  for  a  distillerv  soon  arrived  and  the 
manufacture  of  the  ardent  began.  This  was  perhaps  a  more  suc- 
cessful bid  for  a  little  of  the  hard-earned  money  of  the  pioneers. 
The  distillery  was  run  about  4  years  and  was  then  converted  into 
what  was  known  as  the  East  Grist-Mill.  About  this  time  Benj. 
Swartz  and  John  Evans  ran  a  shoe-last  factory.  In  184G  a  general 
merchandise  store  was  opened  by  Winans  &  Smith ;  in  1849  by 
Stevens,  Heizer  &  Winans. 

For  a  time  the  town  grew  quite  rapidly  and  it  often  presented  a 
very  busy  aspect.  As  the  westward  flow  of  emigration  was  great, 
many  were  attracted  to  this  pleasantly  situated  town.  The  sur- 
rounding country  was  fertile,  the  land  (>asily  cultivated  and  yielded 
large  quantities  of  wheat  and  other  cereals;  and  ere  many  years 
had  rolled  around,  all  the  Congress  and  patent  land  in  the  township 
was  occupied.  Vermont  enjoyed  a  season  of  prosj^erity  lasting  for 
several  years.  Main  street  was  often  crowded  with  t-eams,  some- 
times extending  for  a  distance  of  half  a  mile,  being  a  solid  mas§  of 
wagons.  Large  quantities  of  pork  were  packed  here  in  early  day, 
which  was  hauled  to  landings  on  the  river,  put  aboard  steamboats 
and  shipj)ed  south. 

The  following  detailed  account  of  the  cholera  of  1851  was  pre- 
pared by  Esquire  H.  S.  Jacobs  and  published  in  the  Lcwistown 
Democrat  June  5,  1879: 

THE   CHOLERA    OF    1851. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  this  scourge  appeared  in  New  Orleans 
in  the  fiill  of  1848,  and  raged  there  during  the  following  winter.  It 
made  its  appearance  in  St.  Louis  in  February,  1849.  The  first  case 
was  attended  by  Prof.  Barber,  of  McDowell's  Medical  College.  The 
faculty  laughed  at  him  for  pronouncing  it  cholera;  but  in  a  few  days 
after  Dr.  Barber  himself  died  with  it.  The  doctors  then  gave  the 
alarm,  and  great  preparations  were  made  to  stay  its  jirogress.     But 


902  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

it  spread  rapidly,  and  that,  together  -with  the  great  fire  of  May  17th 
which  swept  away  a  great  part  of  the  city,  seemed  to  blight  the 
prospects  of  the  growing  city.  The  cholera  continued  there  during 
the  summers  of  1850-51. 

About  the  first  of  June,  1851,  Esq.  Jechoniah  Langston  went 
from  here  to  St.  Louis  on  business.  Soon  after  his  return  he  was 
taken  ill.  Not  knowing  the  disease  to  be  cholera,  the  people  at- 
tended to  him  as  was  the  custom.  He  died  on  the  7th  of  June. 
The  remains  were  taken  to  the  church  of  which  he  was  a  member, 
and  a  funeral  preached,  the  coffin  opened,  and  the  body  viewed  by 
those  present.  The  weather  was  very  warm,  with  southeasterly 
winds  and  frequent  rains. 

John  McHenry  and  several  of  his  family  were  taken  down  the 
day  after  Langston's  death.  There  not  being  room  in  his  house  for 
all  of  them,  he  was  taken  to  the  Christian  church,  where  he  received 
all  the  care  and  attention  that  was  possible;  but  he  died  shortly 
after.  Four  of  his  children  died — Samuel  on  the  8th,  Enos  on  the 
10th,  Thomas  B.  on  the  12th,  and  Mary  A.  on  the  17th  of  June. 
On  the  r2th  a  young  man  named  Thomas  Kent  Woodward  died  at 
the  American  House,  and  on  the  same  day  another  young  man, 
a  stranger,  died  at  Nathan  Soarl's.  On  the  20th  a  young  man  by 
the  name  of  Wm.  Haney,  employed  as  clerk  for  Dr.  John  Hughes, 
died.  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Hughes,  wife  of  the  Doctor,  died  on  the  i9th. 
Mrs.  Mary  E.  Blanton,  a  friend  of  the  Doctor  and  his  fimily,  was 
taken  ill  about  this  time  and  died  on  the  2."kl.  Two  colored  boys 
also  died  at  this  house, — one  on  the  21st  and  one  on  the  23d.  \Vm, 
Boswell,  a  saddler,  also  died  on  the  21st. 

Dr.  Isaac  B.  Bacon,  who  had  recently  come  to  the  place,  and  wlio 
had  gained  quite  a  reputation  for  his  close  attention  to  the  sick, 
came  home  fiHjm  the  country  with  the  disease  about  dark  on  the 
evening  of  the  27th,  and  died  about  dayligiit  the  next  morning. 
James  B.  Fowler  and  a  Mr,  Frankenbury  lost  two  children  each  ab(nit 
this  time.  Wm.  P.  and  Rebecca  J.  Edie  died  on  the  28d  and  24th 
respectively.  Grandfather  Euclid  Mercer  was  buried  about  this 
time.  As  the  friends  returned  from  his  burial,  the  man  who  made 
his  coffin  (a  Mr.  Murphy)  came  for  Dr.  Nance  to  go  and  see  his 
mother-in-law.  The  Doctor  with  I.  B.  Witchell  went  out  there. 
The  man  met  them  at  the  door,  and  showed  clear  symptoms  of 
cholera.  They  were  both  buried  before  12  o'clock  that  night.  John 
Kirkbride,  a  brother  of  David  Kirkbride,  died  June  27th,  on  the 
farm  beyond  Sugar  creek,  in  McDonough  county,  now  owned  by 
Robert  Andrews.  His  brother  Eliakim  died  in  town  a  few  days 
after.  ^Irs.  Jane  Andrews,  mother  of  Robert,  died  at  the  house  of 
Joseph  Crail  July  4th.  Bird  Anderson,  brother  of  Mrs.  Cephas 
Toland,  was  taken  down  about  this  time.  He  was  thought  to  be 
dead,  his  coffin  was  ])repared  and  ])re]>arations  for  his  burial  made. 
But  he  recovered  and  lived  to  serve  his  country  faitiifully  in  the  war 
of  18G1,  removed  to  Kansas  where  he  died  five  or  six  years  ago.    A 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  903 

young  woman  named  INIaria  A.  Patterson  died  at  the  Hayes  House 
July  "id.  David  Merrick  died  on  his  farm  just  west  of  town  July 
11th.  Elizabeth,  wife  of  John  A.  Craij^  and  sister  to  Mrs.  William 
Alexander,  died  on  the  24th,  and  her  sister,  Mrs.  Taylor,  died  soon 
after.  Oscar  D.,  son  of  James  A.  and  Elizabeth  Russell,  died  Aug. 
1st.  Julia  A.,  wife  of  Wm.  Hayes,  died  July  31st.  Philip  Weaver 
died  August  27th  ;  Elizabeth  Davis  August  6th,  and  Richard  C. 
Johnson,  brother  of  Mrs.  T.  Hamer  and  Mrs.  J.  A.  Russell,  on 
Sept.  3d.  Lemuel  Burson,  one  of  those  who  waited  on  the  sick 
during  the  whole  time,  was  taken  down  among  the  last  cases  and 
went  to  join  those  he  had  helped  to  care  for. 

These  are  the  names  of  a  majority  of  those  who  died,  although 
there  were  others  whose  names  we  could  not  get.  There  were  also 
many  others  who  recovered. 

Mr.  Witchell  says  he  waited  on  some  seventy  cases.  During  the 
prevalence  of  this  dread  disease  in  our  midst  many  cases  of  extreme 
sadness  occurred,  and  some  that  were  mirth-provoking — among  the 
latter  being  a  man  who  came  to  town  with  a  lump  of  tar  sticking 
under  his  nose.  All  business  was  suspended,  except  to  furnish  what 
w'as  needed  for  the  sick  and  dead.  Mr.  Mellor  kept  open  the  store 
of  Stephens  &  Winans  for  that  purpose. 

During  this  trying  time  Mansfield  Patterson  kept  the  Hayes 
House,  and  kept  his  table  set  at  all  hours  for  those  waiting  upon  the 
sick  and  dvino-. 

In  this,  as  in  all  cases  of  the  prevalence  of  epidemic  or  contagious 
disease,  a  few  persons  took  hold  and  in  a  systematic  manner  waited 
on  and  cared  for  every  one  of  the  sick  during  the  whole  time  of  this 
dreadful  calamity,  forgetting  self  and  thinking  only  of  tlie  suffering 
around  them.  Most  prominent  among  these  were  the  following: 
Isaac  B.  Witchell,  Cej)has  Toland,  John  jSIathewson,  Joseph  B. 
Royal,  H.  S.  Thomas,  Mansfield  Patterson,  Wm.  Mellor,  C.  B.  Cox, 
Lemuel  Burson  and  David  Clark.  Among  the  ladies  who  assisted 
in  this  noble  work  were  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Westlake,  Mrs.  Martha 
Burr,  Mrs.  Sarah  M.  Witchell,  Mrs.  America  Toland  and  Mrs.  Pat- 
terson ;  and  many  a  poor  sufferer  had  the  benefit  of  their  kind  care 
and  attention.  But  of  these  only  Mrs.  Toland  and  Mrs.  Burr  sur- 
vive. Mr.  Clark,  after  the  cholera  ceased  here,  went  to  Bluff  City 
where  the  cholera  soon  made  its  appearance.  He  again  waited  on 
and  nursed  the  sick,  was  himself  taken  down  and  died,  being  the 
last  case. 

Of  all  these  it  can  truly  be  said,  they  did  all  that  men  and  women 
could  do  during  that  trying  time,  and  during  all  these  28  years  since, 
those  who  survive  have  ever  been  ready  and  willing  to  aid  the  sick 
and  relieve  the  distressed  wherever  and  whenever  their  services  were 
needed,  and  this  without  ostentation  or  display.  Such  self-sacrifice 
will  never  go  unrewarded. 

No  person  is  more  to  be  remembered  for  what  he  did  during 
those  trying  days  than  Esq.  H.  S.  Jacobs. 


904  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


SCHOOLS. 

Early  in  the  history  of  the  town  Churches  and  schools  were  estab- 
lished. At  first  religious  services  were  held  in  j)rivate  houses  and 
an  old  log  Iniilding  that  remained  for  a  number  of  years  on  what  is 
now  the  Public  Square;  and  in  this  the  pioneer  boys  and  girls  were 
instructed  in  the  "  three  R's," — "  Readin',  'Ritin'  and  'Rethmetic," 
these  being  the  only  studies  then  in  vogue  ;  and  yet  there  were  grad- 
uated— if  so  it  might  be  termed — from  tiiis  humble  cabin  a  class  of 
men  who  vie  with  any  throughout  the  county,  of  a  wider  field  of 
learning,  in  wealth,  intelligence  and  enterprise.  Their  old  familiar 
school-teacher,  Wni.  McCurdy,  with  his  kindly  ways  and  strict 
honesty,  will  long  be  remembered  by  many  who  now  are  prominent 
as  farmers  and  business  men. 

At  present  the  town  of  Vermont  is  well  up  with  the  other  towns 
of  the  county  in  the  educational  advantages  offered.  There  are  two 
graded  schools,  known  as  the  North  and  the  South  schools.  Prof. 
Brake  presides  as  principal  of  the  North  school.  The  number  of 
scholars  in  attendance  at  this  school  is  about  150,  and  the  several 
teachers,  besides  the  principal  are  Misses  AskcNV,  Searles  and  Miller. 
The  school  building  is  constructed  of  brick,  pleasantly  located  and 
substantially  built,  at  a  cost  of  several  thousand  dollars.  The 
graded  school  known  as  the  South  school  contains  about  130  scholars. 
The  principal  is  Miss  Narcissa  Bates,  and  the  other  teachers  are  R. 
Sergeant  and  Miss  Jennie  Gilbert.  This  is  a  handsome  two-story 
brick  structure  located  in  the  southern  part  of  the  city.  The 
Board  of  Directors  for  the  North  school  is  composed  of  Edward 
Hamer,  Henry  Daugherty  and  Elwood  Sidwell.  'I'he  Board  for  the 
South  school  is  composed  of  Jesse  Bogue,  Aaron  Bellange  and  Ezra 
Dilworth. 

CHURCHES. 

Methodist  Church. — The  early  settlers  assembled  in  the  old 
school-house  and  dwellings  for  religious  worship  and  to  listen  to  the 
circuit  preachers  as  they  made  their  monthly  visits.  Early  in  the 
history  of  the  town  the  Methodist  Church  was  organized.  A  fine 
frame  church  building  was  erected  in  the  northern  part  of  the  town, 
and  is  the  largest  church  structure  in  the  place. 

The  Presbyterian  Church  of  Vermont  was  also  organized  in  early 
day,  and  a  house  of  worship  erected  in  the  southeastern  part  of 
town. 

The  Christian  Church  was  organized  in  November,  1847.  Fol- 
lowing are  some  of  the  original  members :  J.  H.  Hughes,  J.  B. 
Royal  (since  Pastor),  J.  G.  F.  Henderson,  S.  Frankcnbury,  Cephas 
Tolaud,  J.  Langston,  AVm.  Schooley,  L.  D.  Cleringer,  Robert  An- 
drews and  many  others.  About  this  time  the  present  church  struc- 
ture was  built.  '  It  is  situated  on  North  Union  street.  The  several 
pastors  have   been   Elders  J.  B.  Royal,  J.    B.  Corwin,   Wm.  Grif- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  905 

fin,  Henry  Smither,  P.  D,  Vermillion  (the  present  Pastor),  H,  T. 
Butf,  D.  K.  Shields  and  others.  At  present  the  membership  is 
large,  numbering  over  200,  and  among  those  who  take  a  leading 
position  in  the  Church  we  mention  John  A.  Gilliland,  Ebenezer 
Freeman,  Wm.  Worsdell,  H,  S.  Jacobs,  John  A.  Webster,  and 
Cephas  Tohuul.  Among  the  ladies  are  Mrs.  America  Toland, 
Elvira  Toland,  Martha  A.  DeFraine,  P]lizabeth  Hamer  and  Mrs.  C. 
M.  Parker.  It  is  quite  probable  that  the  Vermont  Church  is  the 
strongest  Christian  Church  in  the  county.  Elder  P.  D.  Vermillion, 
the  present  Pastor,  is  a  gentleman  of  ability  and  high  culture,  and 
is  well  qualified  for  the  position  he  holds.  He  is  a  native  of  Ken- 
tucky, brought  up  in  Sangamon  county.  111.,  and  came  to  Fulton 
county  in  1872. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 

The  Vermont  Library  Association  was  organized  in  1858,  with  a 
fund  created  by  an  association  of  the  women  of  the  place  known  as 
the  Vermont  Ijadies'  Sewing  Society,  and  a  contribution  of  books 
by  the  ladies  and  gentlemen  of  the  community.  The  institution 
prospered  finely  until  the  suffering  contlition  of  the  sick  and  wound- 
ed soldiers  in  the  army  during  the  late  war  rallied  all  the  interests, 
sympathies  and  exercises  of  the  women  into  the  sanitary  work  for 
the  soldiers'  relief  and  comfort,  when  it  was  entirely  neglected  until 
years  after  the  war  closed.  The  library  now  contains  500  volumes, 
and  is  in  a  prosperous  condition. 

Bank. — As  the  town  grew  in  importance,  a  bank  for  the  purpose 
of  exchange,  loans  and  deposits  became  necessary,  and  accordingly 
Joab  Mershon,  with  his  usual  enterprise  and  having  ample  capital, 
set  about  the  erection  of  a  suitable  building  for  this  purpose.  He 
had  previously  purchased  a  good  jwrtion  of  town  property,  and  in 
1868  laid  the  foundation  for  the  present  handsome  and  substantial 
bank  building  and  public  hall,  known  as  Mershon's  Hall.  This  is 
one  of  the  finest  brick  buildings  in  the  countv. 

The  several  Fo-'<t masters  of  Vermont  have  been  Wm.  McCurdy, 
A.  G.  Frisbie,  Joab  Mershon,  Lewis  Kelly,  Moses  Mathewson,  A. 
G.  Herron,  H.  S.  Thomas,  Horace  Johnson,  H.  Kirkbride,  John 
T.  Evans,  John  H.  Hunter  and  H.  S.  Thomas,  the  present  incum- 
bent, who  has  officiated  in  this  capacity  for  a  period  of  16  years. 

PERSONAL   SKETCHES. 

Adams  &  Sexton,  wagon-makers  and  blacksmiths,  Vermont ;  have 
been  associated  in  business  four  years ;  Jonas  Adams  was  born  in 
this  county  in  1849,  learned  his  trade  at  Springfield,  111.,  worked 
a^  journeyman  in  Vermont,  and  in  1875  entered  partnership  with 
Mr.  Sexton.  James  Sexton,  born  in  Madison  Co.,  O.,  in  1833, 
emigrated  with  his  parents  in  1844  to  a  point  about  8  miles  north 
of  EUisville,  this  county;  at  the  age  of  19    he  learned  carriage- 


906  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

making;  at  Canton,  and  in  I860  came  to  Vermont  and  followed  his 
trade.  During  the  war  lie  enli.sted  in  Co.  F,  84th  111.  Inf.,  and 
was  honorably  discharged  in  March,  1863,  on  account  of  physical 
debility. 

Milton  Amrine,  merchant,  of  the  firm  of  Amrine,  Nelson  &  Co., 
settled  in  Fulton  Co.  in  1845.  He  was  born  in  AV.  Va.  in  1833. 
His  father,  Frederick  Amrine,  was  a  native  of  Pa.,  was  shoemaker, 
then  millwright,  distiller  and  merchant,  and  accumulated  property 
very  rapidly.  While  in  Va.  he  married  Nancy  Shepard,  of  Mary- 
land, bv  whom  he  had  7  children.  From  1835  to  1850  the  familv 
resided  in  Illinois,  mostly  in  Woodford  Co.  In  1850  Mr.  Fred- 
erick Amrine  started  for  California,  but  death  overtook  him  at  Ft. 
Bridger,  near  Salt  Lake  City.  Milton  married  Roxana  Litchfield, 
daughter  of  Chauncey  L.,  and  they  have  had  10  children,  9  of 
whom  arc  living, — ^Iahlon,  Martha  N.,  Ansel,  Clover,  Lucy,  Ida, 
May,  Charley  and  Roscoe.  In  1850  Mr.  A.  went  to  California,  the 
followinp;  vear  he  returned  home  and  since  then  has  followed  farm- 
ing,  except  that  for  the  last  two  years  he  has  been  in  the  mercantile 
business. 

Henri/  Anfield,  bridge-builder  and  miner,  was  born  Dec.  3,  1833, 
in  Yorkshire,  Eng. ;  his  father,  Wni.  Anfield,  was  a  prominent 
merchant,  who  married  Frances  A.  Colby,  and  had  11  children,  3 
of  whom  died  in  infancy.  Henry  learned  the  carpenter  and  joiner's 
trade,  and  in  his  19th  year  married  Eliza  J.  Oldfield  ;  in  1859  he 
came  to  America  and  followed  his  trade  at  Colchester,  111.,  until  ho 
came  to  Fulton  Co.  14  years  ago  ;  settling  at  Table  Grove,  he  fol- 
lowed mining,  principally,  until  1868,  when  he  removed  to  Ver- 
mont. They  have  had  5  children  :  Charles  (deceased),  William, 
Isabel  H.,  Charles  E.,  and  Emily  A. 

Derry  &  Arvingdale,  manufacturers  and  dealers  in  carriages,  bug- 
gies and  wagons,  etc..  Main  st.,  Vermont.  These  gentlemen  are 
practical  workmen,  and  their  principal  work  is  jobbing  and  rej)air- 
iny:.  Mr.  J.  W.  Derrv  is  a  native  of  this  countv  and  learned  his 
trade  with  ^Ir.  G.  W.  Derry  in  Vermont.  Jacob  B.  Arringdale 
was  born  in  Ohio,  reared  in  Fulton  Co.,  and  learned  his  trade  with 
Reuben  Hutf.  Mr.  A.  is  said  to  be  one  of  the  most  skillful  work- 
men in  the  State. 

R.  R.  Atherton,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  24;  P.  C,  Ver- 
mont; was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  in  1823;  his  father,  Boaz  A., 
was  a  native  of  Penn.,  where,  in  1812,  he  was  joined  in  matrimony 
to  Miss  Mary  Ross;  the  following  year  he  settled  in  Ohio;  in  1852 
he  emigrated  to  Vermont  tp.,  where  he  died  at  the  age  of  88  years, 
and  his  wife  died  soon  afterward,  aged  83.  Mr.  R.  R.  Atherton 
married  Jane  Hilton  in  Ohio,  in  1848 ;  she  was  a  daughter  of  Wm. 
Hilton,  of  Ireland.  In  1852  they  emigrated  to  this  tp.  Children-^ 
Mary  E.,  Wm.,  John,  Kester,  Ella,  Boaz,  Richard  E.  and  Laura. 

Evan  Bailey,  deceased,  was  born  in  Brooke  county,  W.  Va.,  in 
1805,  son  of  Thomas  Bailey,  who   was  born  in  East  Pennsylvania 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  907 

and  was  a  farmer.  Evan  married  Elizabeth  McHenrv,  daughter  of 
James  McHenry,  of  Irehind.  In  1836  they  emigrated  to  Vermont 
township,  settling  on  a  piece  of  timbered  land  which  he  had  pre- 
viously purchased,  where  he  found  but  an  acre  and  a  half  cleared, 
with  a  cabin  on  it.  Here  he  worked  and  prospered  and  obtained  a 
good  reputation  as  a  citizen.  In  18(38  he  was  elected  County  Treas- 
urer. He  was  killed  by  a  runaway  «Iuly  15, 1878.  He  left  a  widow, 
now  in  her  71st  year,  and  10  children,  4  having  formerly  died. 

George  Bafesnn,  farmer,  sec.  21  :  P.  O.,  Vermont ;  was  born  in 
Perry  county,  O.,  in  1843;  his  father,  Lewis  Bateson,  was  an  Ohio 
farmer  who  married  Nancy  Forsythe  and  had  12  children;  they 
emigrated  to  this  tp.  when  George,  the  voungest,  was  about  13  years 
of  age;  in  1862  the  latter  enlisted  in  *Co.  A,  28th  111.  Inf.,  fought 
at  Mobile  and  in  several  other  noted  engagements;  honorably  dis- 
charged March  10,  1865. 

Joseph  Beam,  farmer  and  brick-mnker,  was  born  in  Bucks  Co., 
Pa.,  in  1814.  His  father,  Amos  Beans,  was  also  a  native  of  Penn., 
married  Miss  R.  H.  Congler,  by  whom  he  had  3  children.  They 
moved  to  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  where  Jost^ph  grew  up  and  k'arned  the 
mason's  trade;  married  Abigail  Rankin,  daughter  of  John  Rankin, 
of  Pa.,  in  1837;  in  1844  he  came  to  Illinois,  Vermont  tp.,  and 
bought  60  acres  of  land  from  ^Morris  Merrick,  who  had  recognized  Mr. 
B.  on  his  arrival  here  by  the  loss  of  two  fingers  which  he,  Mr.  M.,  had 
accidently  cut  off  when  they  were  boys  30  years  before.  In  1857 
Mr.  Beans  built  the  largest  brick  dwelling-house  in  the  township. 
He  has  had  5  children,  4  of  whom  are  living:  Sarah  J.,  who  married 
AVm.  Forquer ;  Amos,  who  enlisted  in  Co.  B,  84th  111.  Inf  ;  severely 
wounded.  John  R.,  who  was  a  soldier  in  Co.  F,  65th  III.  Inf,  and 
wounded  at  Marietta ;  George,  who  died  in  the  army  while  enlisted 
in  the  Union  cause;  Martha,  who  married  Jas.  Forquer  and  resides 
in  California;  and  Joseph,  who  enlisted  in  Co.  G,  50th  111.  Inf, 
went  through  Sherman's  campaign,  returned  to  Fulton  county, 
married  in  1874  Margaret  Toland. 

Jonathan  Bogue,  farmer,  sec.  28 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont ;  was  born  in 
Harrison  Co.,  O.,  in  1822,  and  about  1829  the  family  moved  to  In- 
diana, and  the  following  year  to  Bernadotte  tp.,  this  Co.;  he  built 
the  first  house  and  plowed  the  first  furrow  on  Ipava  Prairie  ;  in  1850 
he  married  Miss  Emily,  daughter  of  Thos.  and  Anna  Robinson, 
early  settlers  of  Vermont  tp.,  and  4  children  have  been  born  to 
them,  3  of  whom  are  living, — Job,  Ruth  A.  and  Harry. 

JcHse  Bogue,  merchant,  was  the  first  white  child  born  in  Pleasant 
tp.  His  father,  John  Bogue,  was  born  in  X.  C.  in  1875;  at  the  age 
of  16  he  settled  in  Ohio,  where  he  afterward  married  Mary  Ann 
Easley,  daughter  of  Daniel  Easley,  of  Virginia,  by  whom  he  had 
11  children  ;  10  are  living  at  the  ))resent  time.  The  family  arrived 
on  Ipava  Prairie  in  the  spring  of  1831  and  j)re-empted  i  sec.  of 
land.  Here  he  built  a  cabin,  obtaining  help  from  Lewistown ; 
three  years  afterward  he  moved  into  Vermont  tp.,  where  he  built 


908  HISTOllY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

the  first  saw-mill.  He  dierl  in  1876.  Mrs.  B.  died  in  1871.  Jesse, 
the  9th  child,  went  to  school  in  a  lo^  school-honse  on  the  gronnd 
which  is  now  the  Public  Scjuare  in  Vermont,  his  first  teacher  being 
Lewis  Kelly.  In  1855  he  married  Rebecca  Cox,  of  Fulton  Co.; 
in  1856  he  built  a  steam  saw-mill  on  Otter  creek,  in  Vermont  tp., 
where  he  continued  until  1864,  when  he  built  a  first-class  grist-mill 
in  Vermont,  of  which  he  is  still  i)roprietor.  In  1876  he  started  a 
grocery  on  Main  street,  and  has  good  success. 

Robert  Bogue,  miller,  was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  in  1826;  he 
was  3  years  of  age  when  his  parents  emigrated  with  him  to  this 
county.  He  worked  in  the  saw-mill  with  his  father  and  went  to 
school  in  the  winter.  His  teachers  were  James  Spicer  (the  first  in 
the  tp.)  and  J.  Frisbie.  When  of  age  he  bought  an  interest  in  a 
saw-mill  at  Browning,  which  was  subsequently  destroyed  by  fire. 
He  also  assisted  in  the  building  of  a  grist-mill  at  Browning,  and 
did  a  fine  business  from  1849  to  1868,  in  partnership  with  his  cousin, 
John  Bogue.  Their  fiour  had  a  great  reputation,  finding  its  way  to 
remote  parts  of  the  Union  ;  but  in  the  manufacturing  of  wagon 
material  they  did  not  do  so  well.  In  1874  he  oversaw  the  construc- 
tion of  a  bridge  65  feet  high  and  1,000  feet  long  over  the  Vermil- 
lion river  at  Danville, — one  of  the  best  bridges  in  the  State.  He 
then  rented  the  grist-mill  at  Browning  a 'year,  and  then  returned  to 
Vermont  and  took  charge  of  the  mill  owned  by  Jesse  Bogue.  In 
1858  he  married  Mary  A.f Marshall.  Mrs.  Bogue  died  in  October, 
1864;  and  in  1866  he  married  Martha  J.  Ramsay,  daughter  of  \Vm. 
Dunlap,  and  they  have  had  two  children,  Sarah^aud  Mary. 

Jacob  jBo^/fH^er^f,  retired  farmer,  was  born  May  13,  1803,  in  Ohio, 
near  the  Ohio  river,  on  which  water  he  si)ent  much  of  his  youth  in 
boating.  April  12,  1827,  he  married  Flizabeth  Swengen  in  Vir- 
ginia. In  1836  he  and  other  parties  built  a  keel-boat  and  sailed 
down  the  Ohio,  and  Mr.  B.  came  bv  wav  of  St.  Louis  to  Ver- 
mont  tp.  Here  he  commenced  in  a  very  humble  way,  but  by  in- 
dustry and  frugality  has  now  a  good  200-acre  farm.  Has  had  11 
children:  7  survive, — Lewis,  Josephus,  Nancy,  Martha,  Fpaminon- 
das,  Levi  and  ^'m.  The  latter  married  Florence  Foster  and  lives 
on  the  homestead.  Thev  have  4  children, — Ora  A.,  Cora,  Jennie 
M.  and  Carl  D. 

Cyiarlca  Brown,  farmer,  sec.  16,  and  proprietor  of  the  Brown  saw- 
mill, was  born  in  Medina  Co.,  O.,  in  1824.  His  father,  Obadiah 
B.,  was  born  in  Connecticut  and  reared  in  the  Excelsior  State,  where 
he  married  Miss  Clarissa  Loomis.  Of  this  union  were  born  13 
children,  the  9th  of  whom  was  Charles.  About  1834  the  family 
moved  to  Indiana,  where  Mrs.  B.  died;  about  1840  they  moved  to 
Missouri,  where  in  1846  Charles  n)arricd  Miss  Emeline,  daughter 
of  Wm.  Bradley,  of  Va. ;  1855-60  they  lived  in  Warren  Co.,  111., 
and  since  then  in  Vermont  tp. 

John  Bncy,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  4;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  was 
born  in  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  in  1813.     His  father,  Joshua  Bucy,  was 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  909 

born  in  Maryland  and  moved  to  Ohio  in  1801,  where  he  married 
Ellen  Ryan.  John  grew  to  manhood  in  Ohio,  following  agricul- 
ture. In  18;3.3  he  married  Mary  Ann  Fellows,  daughter  of"  Wm. 
Fellows,  of  Maryland,  by  whom  he  had  8  children,  only  4  of  whom 
are  living, — Ellen,  John,  Wm.  and  Mary.  Mrs.  Bucy  died  March 
12,  1851 ;  in  1853  Mr.  B.  married  Mary  Ann  Ryan,  and  they  have 
had  6  children,  4  of  whom  are  living, —  Matilda  E.,  Sarah  M., 
Nancy  C,  Hezekiah  and  George.  The  family  emigrated  to  this  tp. 
in  1866. 

Joshua  Bucy,  farmer,  sec.  36 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria ;  born  in  Jefferson 
Co.,  O.,  in  1843;  his  father,  John  Bucy,  was  also  born  in  Ohio,  he 
moved  to  DeWitt  Co.,  111.,  and  after  remaining  there  one  year  he 
moved  to  Vermont  township.  Joshua  passed  his  youth  in  Ohio, 
and  was  liberally  educated.  Aug.  15,  1867,  he  married  Mary  E. 
Clark,  daughter  of  W.  G.  Clark.  Children  :  John  W.,  Minnie  B., 
Ann  E.  and  Henry  R. 

Lemuel  Burson,  deceased,  was  born  in  Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  in  1818; 
married  Elizabeth  Otters,  and  had  5  children,  only  2  of  whom  sur- 
vive, namely,  Jesse,  who  is  married  and  resides  in  Vermont,  and 
Franklin,  who  resides  on  the  homestead.  He  died  in  1854,  leaving 
a  widow,  who  is  still  living.  By  trade  he  was  first  a  plasterer,  but 
during  most  of  his  life  he  was  a  farmer. 

Imac  CadwaUader,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  14;  P.  O.,  Ver- 
mont; born  in  Ohio,  in  1806,  and  in  1829  emigrated  to  Lewistown, 
Fulton  Co.,  ^vith  the  family  ;  in  1830  moved  to  Vermont,  where  he 
pre-empted  land  in  1832.  He  was  therefore  among  the  very  earliest 
pioneers  in  this  tp.  His  cabin  was  the  second  or  third  in  the  tp. 
He  still  has  some  of  the  stock  of  bees  he  took  from  a  bee-tree  40 
years  ago.  In  1831  he  was  married  by  Esquire  John  Howard  (the 
first  settler  here)  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Ackerson,  a  daughter  of  Garrett 
Ackerson,  of  N.  J.,  by  Ayhom  he  has  had  7  children,  all  of  whom 
are  living  and  in  comfortable  circumstances, — Thos.  T. ;  Isaac  B. 
resides  in  Nebraska;  John  Garrett  and  Anna  E.  live  in  McDon- 
ough  Co. ;  and  Susan  C.  and  Sarah  E.  reside  in  Fulton  Co.  Mr. 
C.'s  father,  John  C,  was  a  native  of  Penn.,  where  he  followed  farm- 
ing, and  where  he  married  Ruth  Bogue  and  had  9  children;  in 
April,  1806,  he  emigrated  to  Tuscarawas  Co.,  O.,  where  he  re- 
mained until  1829,  when  he  came  to  this  county.  He  died  in  1866  ; 
Mrs.  C.  died  in  1843. 

Leander  Casmlij,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  T";  P.  O.,  Ver- 
mont; born  in  New  York  in  1832  ;  reared  on  a  farm  ;  liberally  edu- 
cated ;  taught  school ;  in  1856  moved  to  Ohio  and  taught  school  a 
few  months,  then  moved  to  McDonough  Co.,  111.,  where  he  taught 
for  8  years.  In  1859  he  married  Louisa  Cox,  by  whom  he  has  7 
children  ;  in  1865  he  moved  to  Fulton  Co.,  settling  in  this  tp. 

John  Chaddock,  farmer,  sec.  24;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  was  born  here 
in  1833,  son   of  James  and  Lydia  (Mercer),  natives  of  Ohio;  his 
father  came  on   foot  to  Illinois,  and  being  overtaken  by  the  deep 
53 


910  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

snow  (1830-31),  he  became  diseonraged  and  returned  to  Ohio  in  the 
spring,  but  in  1833  he  settled  permanently  in  this  county  ;  he  died  in 
1868,  and  his  wife  died  when  John  was  but  10  years  of  age;  the 
latter  received  a  liberal  education  ;  in  the  last  war  he  enlisted  in 
Yates'  Battalion  of  sharpshooters,  and  was  in  many  a  sharp  encounter. 
He  married  Mahala  B.  Petty,  daughter  of  John  Petty,  of  Indiana, 
and  their  children  are  Minnie,  Irving  and  Jesse. 

W.  G.  Clark,  farmer,  sec.  36 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria ;  born  in  Ohio  in 
1812;  his  father,  John  Clark,  was  born  in  Maryland,  and  died  in 
Ohio  when  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  very  young;  Nov.  26, 
1834,  the  latter  married  Rachel  Knock,  of  Delaware,  and  they  are 
parents  of  6  children,  3  of  whom  are  living, — John,  ^\'esley  and 
Elliza.  In  1842  the  family  emigrated  in  a  covered  wagon  to  Berna- 
dotte  tp.,  this  county,  took  80  acres  of  wild  land,  exce]>t  a  few  acres 
around  a  log  cabin  and  a  saw-mill,  formerly  owned  by  Moore 
Marshall,  the  builder.  Mr.  C.  ran  this  mill  until  the  late  war,  when 
his  two  sons,  John  and  Weslev,  left  for  Uncle  Sam's  service.  Mr. 
Clark's  first  wife  died  Oct  1,  1843,  and  he  married  Elizabeth  Tray- 
nor,  March  22,  1844,  and  they  have  4  children, — Mary,  Rachel, 
Henry  and  Jane. 

S.  Cochran,  barber,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1851  ;  his  father, 
Jesse  C,  emigrat(!d  with  him  to  Iowa,  where  Snowden  (our  subject) 
grew  to  manhood  and  received  a  liberal  education.  He  moved  to 
Clinton,  Mo.,  and  married  Lizzie  Montgomery,  and  came  to  Ver- 
mont in  1876,  where  he  has  since  followed  his  vocation  with  great 
success. 

Caleb  Cox,  deceased,  was  a  merchant  and  banker  of  Vermont. 
He  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1833,  the  3d  son  of  Jesse  and 
Therdisa  Cox,  who  settled  in  this  Co.  in  1837,  in  Vermont  tp. ;  he 
received  a  liberal  education,  and  Oct.  18,  1860,  married  Anna  "Wil- 
kinson, of  Pennsylvania,  whose  parents  emigrated  to  this  county 
about  23  years  ago.  At  the  beginning  of  the  war  he  enlisted  in  Co.  F, 
84th  111.  Inf ,  was  first  elected  Captain  and  afterward  Major,  and 
served  faithfully  until  the  war  closed.  Was  in  many  battles,  nota- 
bly that  of  Murfreesboro.  He  then  returned  to  Vermont,  bought 
property,  and  in  1868  he  became  an  C(iual  partner  with  Joab  Mer- 
shon  and  organized  the  Vermont  Bank.  In  1871  he  erected  one  of 
the  finest  residences  in  the  county.  In  1S()()  he  was  elected  to  the 
Legislature,  the  first  Republican  representative  from  Fulton  Co., 
He  was  an  energetic  business  man,  very  jjopular,  but  while  yet  in 
the  prime  of  life  he  took  sick  and  died,  leaving  a  widow  and  7  chil- 
dren,— Wilmer,  Theodore,  Mary,  Olive,  Edward,  Howard  and 
Sherman. 

Geo.  Co.r,  farmer,  etc.,  sec.  18;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  M^ars  born  in 
Guernsey  Co.,  O.,  in  1847  ;  his  father,  Thomas  Cox,  settled  in  Mc- 
Donough  Co.  in  pioneer  times ;  George  was  brought  up  on  a  farm ; 
in  1868  he  purchased  his  present  farm.  In  1867  he  married  Nancy 
Craigo,  by  whom  he  has  three  children, — Granville,  Maud  and 
Edna. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  911 

Jesse  Cox,  retired,  was  born  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1807,  of 
Quaker  parents,  who  were  of  Enp;lish  descent.  Thomas  Cox,  father 
of  Jesse,  grew  to  manhood  in  Penn.,  where  he  followed  the  two 
callings  of  carpenter  and  farmer;  he  married  Elizabeth  Messer,  and 
they  had  5  children,  of  whom  Jesse  was  the  third.  The  ])arent8 
died  in  Penn.  Jesse  learned  the  carpenter's  trade ;  married  Theo- 
dosia  Mershon,  daughter  of  Henry  Mershon,  of  N.  Y.,  July  27, 
1829,  in  Penn.;  came  to  Vermont  in  1837,  followed  carpentering, 
built  the  first  store  (of  any  note)  in  Vermont,  and  both  grist-mills; 
he  was  the  first  Justice  of  the  Peace,  serving  8  years  in  this  capacity  ; 
has  been  Supervisor;  in  1841  he  purchased  i  sec,  and  afterwards 
J  sec.  more,  and  one  year  he  raised  the  largest  crop  of  wheat  ever 
raised  in  the  county,  shipping  350  barrels  to  St.  Louis  one  day. 
Mrs.  C.  died  July  8,  1871,  leaving  4  children, — Samuel,  Henry, 
Rebecca  and  Mary. 

iSamue^  Co.r,  agriculturist,  sec  12;  P.O.,  Vermont.  Forty-two 
years  ago  Jesse  Cox,  the  father  of  Samuel,  moved  from  Chester  Co., 
Pa.,  to  this  county.  He  married  Theodosia,  sister  of  Joab  Mershon, 
of  Vermont,  and  came  to  this  township,  where  he  now  resi('es. 
Samuel  was  4  years  of  age  when  his  parents  came  here.  He  grew 
to  manhood  npon  the  farm,  received  a  good  common-school  educa- 
tion. In  Sept.,  1854,  he  married  Abigail  Freeman,  daughter  of 
Miushall  G.  F.,  who  bore  a  prominent  ])art  in  the  early  history  of 
the  county.  Like  nearly  all  of  the  leading  farmers,  Mr.  C.  began 
life  poor.     His  children  are  Ann  J.,  Jesse,  Eben  and  Melvina. 

Win.  Craig,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Harrison  county,  111.,  fol- 
lowed farming,  married  first  Miss  Wallace,  secondly  her  sister  and 
lastly  Miss  Elizabeth  Jamison,  Isabel  township,  by  whom  he  had 
two  children, — William  and  John.  He  emigrated  to  Isabel  town- 
ship in  1842,  with  some  means,  and  has  prospered,  at  one  time  own- 
ing over  1,400  acres  of  land.  He  died  Feb.,  1871,  his  widow  still 
living. 

James  J.  Crail,  auctioneer,  and  founder  of  the  town  of  Vermont, 
was  born  in  Kentucky,  Sept.  12,  1812.  His  father,  Wm.  Crail,  was 
also  a  native  Kcntuckian,  a  wheelwright  by  occupation,  and  mar- 
ried Margaret  Mayall,  daughter  of  Joseph  Mayall,  a  Revolutionary 
soldier,  who  lost  his  property  by  British  confiscatior.  In  1834  Mr. 
C.  moved  to  Fulton  county,  where  hp  died  at  an  advanced  age. 
Mrs.  Crail  is  still  living,  and  is  in  her  85th  year.  Of  their  9  chil- 
dren James  J.  is  the  eldest.  He  came  into  this  township  with  the 
family,  when  there  were  but  6  or  7  cabins  here,  the  residents  being 
Wm.  B.  Higgins,  Abraham  Williams,  Mr.  Wright  (father  of  Gran- 
ville Wright),  Issac  Cadwallader  and  Caleb  Dilworth.  Mr.  Crail, 
of  course,  at  that  early  day  went  through  all  the  experiences  char- 
acteristic of  the  times,  fully  described  in  chapters  I,  II  and  X  of 
this  volume.  He  saw  that  the  citizens  began  to  consider  Havana 
and  Beardstown  rather  too  far  for  convenience,  and  that  there  was  a 
demand  for  a  business  place  nearer  by.     He  selected  a  site  and 


912  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

erected  a  cabin  on  the  ground  now  occupied  by  Sidwell's.  Wm. 
McCurdy  built  the  second  cabin,  and  here  .subsequently  these  two 
gentlemen  carried  on  saddle  and  harness-making,  and  this  was  the 
germ  of  the  village.  The  next  building  was  a  frame,  used  as  a  store- 
house by  Greene  Reeves.  Other  buildings  went  up,  and  directly 
Mr.  C,  in  partnership  with  Dr.  A.  M.  Jolinson,  started  a  dry-goods 
and  grocery  store,  shipping  and  packing.  Dr.  Johnson  was  one  of 
the  most  active  and  enterprising  men  in  the  early  history  of  the 
county,  and  did  much  to  further  the  interests  of  Vermont.  After 
two  or  three  other  changes  in  business  he,  in  1850,  went  to  Calii'ornia 
with  an  ox  team.     Mr.  C.  still  resides  in  Vermont. 

George  \V.  Berry,  wagon  manufacturer  and  general  blacksmith, 
west  side  of  the  Square,  Vermont,  111.  Mr.  Derry  was  born  near 
Harper's  Ferry,  Va.,  in  1824.  His  father,  Wm.  Derry,  was  also  a 
native  Virginian,  a  farmer,  who  married  Barbara  Ross;  they  had  9 
children.  George  W.,  the  youngest,  went  to  Freeport,  Harrison 
Co.,  O..  when  a  lad,  and  in  1841  emigrated  to  Astoria,  111.,  where 
he  went  to  school  and  worked  at  the  usual  rough  and  heavy  drudg- 
ery of  pioneers ;  worked  with  Franklin  Fackler  and  Zachariah 
Gilbert,  learning  his  trade  with  the  latter;  carried  on  business  two 
years  at  Pulaski,  Hancock  Co.,  then  resumed  business  at  Astoria. 
In  1847  he  married  Melinda  Anderson,  a  daughter  of  James  An- 
derson. For  a  time  Mr.  Derry  lived  in  Mason  county;  in  1853  he 
settled  at  Vermont  and  put  uj)  his  present  establishment,  and  docs 
a  good  business.  Of  his  7  children  5  arc  living,  namely,  John  and 
Armadale,  manufacturers  of  wagons  and  buggies  in  Vermont; 
Wm.  L.,  a  farmer  in  Kansas;  George  L.  and  Elmer  E.,  at  home; 
and  Sarah  S.,  who  married  E.  Knock,  of  Astoria. 

ir.  H.  Derry,  school-teacher  and  newspaper  correspondent,  was 
born  in  Freeport,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  in  1842;  his  folks  emigrated  to 
Vermont  tp.,  where  he  grew  to  manhood,  received  a  liberal  educa- 
tion, has  taught  school  several  terms,  and  been  Assessor,  Collector, 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  and  township  Clerk.  In  1863  he  married 
Miss  Martha  Dennison,  of  Ohio,  by  whom  he  has  six  children, — 
Vietta,  Alonzo,  Amos,  Dora,  Irene  and  Grace.  Democrat.  Mr. 
Derry's  father,  John  D.,  emigrated  from  Virginia  to  Ohio,  followed 
cabinet-making  and  married  Miss  Bathia  Wharton,  of  Ohio.  They 
had  8  children,  4  of  whom  are  living  and  are  residents  of  Fulton 
Co.,  with  one  exception.  John  Derry,  with  his  family,  emigrated 
to  Vermont  tp.  in  1850,  where  he  now  resides. 

Ezra  Dlhrorth.  During  the  spring  of  1808  Ezra  Dilworth  and 
Emer  added  to  the  attractiveness  of  Vermont  in  the  erection  of  the 
two-story  brick  business  house  on  Main  st.,  now  owned  and  occu- 
pied by  Ezra  Dilworth  as  a  hardware  store  and  agricultural  ware- 
room.  Later  thev  erected  another,  which  adds  beautv  to  Main  st. 
As  far  back  as  1854  Messrs.  E.  <^  E.  Dilworth  began  business  in  a 
small  way, — purchasing  a  small  one-story  frame  building  16x30. 
This  store  was  stocked  with  goods  from  St.  Louis.     The  new  firm, 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  913 

through  well  directed  energy,  business  tact  and  honesty,  soon  gained 
for  them  a  trade,  and  step  by  step  they  have  climbed  far  beyond  the 
lowest  rundle  of  the  ladder,  carrying  as  large  a  line  of  first-class 
goods  as  any  similar  firm  in  the  county. 

James  Dihoodh,  agriculturist,  bought  a  tract  of  land  near  Ver- 
mont in  earlv  dav,  while  doino;  a  successful  business  as  a  merchant 
in  town  ;  married  Elizabeth  Harris,  of  Farmer's  tp.,  in  1851,  by 
whom  he  had  two  children,  Clara  and  AVm.,  who  resides  in  Fulton 
Co.  Mrs.  D.  died  in  Jan.,  1867.  In  Sept.,  1869,  Mr.  D.  married 
Miss  Marv  Chicken,  and  thev  have  one  child,  Elza.  Mr.  D.  owns 
340  acres  of  good  land,  and  recently  has  erected  a  fine  residence. 
For  the  past  15  years  he  has  been  School  Treasurer,  and  has  been 
Township  Assessor. 

Rhodes,  Dilworth,  retired  farmer,  etc.,  was  born  in  Chester  Co., 
Pa.,  in  18(J0,  the  second  child  of  Caleb  and  Ann  Dilworth;  at  13  he 
moved  to  Ohio  and  learned  the  miller's  trade;  became  proprietor  of 
a  mill  and  a  steamboat;  came  to  Vernu)ut  in  1837;  followed  farm- 
ing three  years;  in  comjiany  with  Wm.  Felton,  built  a  grist-mill  in 
Vermont;  in  1848  sold  out  and  went  into  the  shipping  business  at 
Browning;  burned  out  in  1855,  since  which  time  he  has  been  com- 
paratively out  of  business.  He  married  Rebecca  Falk  and  they 
had  8  ehihlren,  but  2  of  whom  are  living:  Sarah,  who  married  Joab 
Mershon,  and  Lydia,  now  the  wife  of  Dr.  Clevinger. 

W.a.  D'liv')rt'i,  deceased,  w.is  born  in  Chester  county.  Pa.,  in  1794  ; 
came  to  Ohio  in  1814,  where  he  was  a  merchant  and  was  married; 
in  1837  he  came  and  settled  first  in  Vermont  tp.,  following  the  mer- 
cantile business  until  1842,  and  then  until  1847  he  followed  flat- 
boating  to  New  Orleans.  He  died  :n  1863  and  was  buried  in  Ver- 
mont cemetery. 

David  T.  Dohbins,  agriculturist,  w:\s  born  in  this  tp.  in  1849,  a 
son  of  the  next  mentioned.  He  owns  and  occupies  the  old  home- 
stead on  sk;.  1,  which  is  one  of  the  best  in  the  county. 

John  C.  Dobbins,  a  w'ell-known  pioneer  and  farmer,  was  born  in 
Clermont  county,  O.,  in  1811;  was  a  Captain  in  the  Black  Hawk 
war;  in  1835  ninrried  Harriet  A.  Miller,  and  next  year  he  emigrated 
to  this  tp.  and  occupied  an  80-aere  lot  of  "raw"  prairie,  which  his 
father  had  purchased  and  given  him;  went  diligently  to  work  and 
in  course  of  time  obtained  possession  of  500  acres,  but  he  has  since 
given  each  of  his  children  120  acres.  He  reserves  50  acres  as  a 
donation  to  churches.  His  children  were  and  are  :  Alexander,  who 
died  at  Nashville  in  the  late  war;  Franklin,  killed  at  the  battle  of 
Wahatchie  Bri<lge;  Robert  and  Calvin,  who  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  28th 
111.,  and  Co.  D,  151st  111.;  and  David  T.,  above  mentioned. 

R.  N.  Dobbins,  farmer,  sec.  2  ;  P.  O.,  Ipava ;  born  in  Clermont  Co., 
O.,  in  1814;  his  father,  Robert  B.,  was  a  native  of  Va.,  moved  to 
South  Carolina,  and  after  several  years  back  to  Va.,  where  he  re- 
ceived a  collegiate  education  and  became  a  Presbyterian  minister; 
was  an  Abolitionist;  in  1814  he  and  his  young  wife  came  to  Ohio 


914  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

on  horseback,  bringing  all  their  possessions  with  them  ;  in  1835  they 
came  to  Vermont,  where  he  purchased  over  a  section  of  land;  he 
died  in  1854;  Mrs.  D.  died  in  Nov.,  1847.  Robert  N.,  in  his  26th 
year,  in  this  tp.,  married  Martha  Jane  Erving,  daughter  of  James 
Erving,  of  Lancaster,  Pa. 

Oscar  Easley,  farmer  and  mill  owner,  sec.  26;  P.  O.,  Vermont; 
was  born  in  Freeport,  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  in  1835;  his  father,  Isaac 
Easley,  a  native  of  Ohio,  married  Mary  Norris,  and  they  became  the 
parents  of  11  children;  in  1836  they  emigrated  to  this  tp.,  settling 
upon  120  acres  of  wild  land,  and  in  a  round-log  cabin,  when  wolves 
and  panthers  abounded  here ;  Mr.  Easley  died  in  18G1  ;  Mrs.  E.  died 
in  1859.  Oscar  received  a  good  education;  when  the  war  broke  out 
he  enlisted  in  Co.  F,  84th  111.  Inf.;  was  in  the  battles  of  Chicka- 
mauga.  Stone  River,  Rcsaca,  etc. ;  honorably  discharged  in  1865; 
for  12  years  has  owned  a  good  saw-mill.  In  1859  he  married  Amy 
Freeman,  daughter  of  Marshall  Freeman,  deceased.  Children : 
Marshall,  Perry,  Fred,' Lillie  and  Norris. 

Henry  Ellison,  farmer,  sec.  22 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont ;  born  Dec.  25, 
1841,  in  Lancashire,  Eng. ;  his  parents  were  Wm.  and  Ann  (Blan- 
don)  Ellison,  who  emigrated  to  America  when  Henry  was  a  boy, 
with  6  children  altogether,  4  of  whom  are  living,  all  in  Vermont 
tp. ;  they  first  located  in  Ohio,  where  he  remained  for  6  years,  then 
to  Jefferson  Co.,  where  he  stayed  3  years,  and  in  the  spring  of  1852 
he  settled  in  this  tp. ;  they  moved  into  McDonough  Co.,  where  Mr. 
E.  died;  Mrs.  E.  died  at  the  age  of  78.  Henry  has  remained  in 
this  tp. ;  in  1866  he  married  Miss  Rebecca,  daughter  of  Allen  Stew- 
art, of  Ohio,  and  thev  have  had  two  children,  Charles  and  George. 
Mrs.  E.  died  Aug.  26,  1878. 

John  Ellison,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  22 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont ; 
was  born  in  Lancashire,  Eng.,  in  1835;  his  parents  are  referred  to 
in  the  above  sketch  ;  he  passed  his  boyhood  and  youth  in  Ohio, 
where  he  received  a  liberal  education  ;  Feb.  15,  1860,  he  married 
Miss  Cinah  Sidwell,  daughter  of  Thomas  and  Elizabeth  Sidwell, 
the  former  of  M  iryland  and  the  latter  of  Peun. ;  their  children  are 
William,  Edward,  Thomas,  Frank  and  Elizabeth. 

Samuel  Etnier,  farmer,  was  born  in  Huntingdon  Co.,  Pa.,  June 
24,  1804.  Martin  Etnier,  his  father,  was  born  near  Boonesborough, 
Md.,  was  a  soldier  under  George  \\'ashington,  afterward  married 
Elizabeth  Proetonia  and  had  10  children,  Samuel  being  the  young- 
est. Jn  the  21st  year  of  his  age,  the  latter  married  Elizabeth 
Harker,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Harker,  of  Penn. ;  spent  4  years  in 
Ohio  running  a  saw-mill,  then  8  or  9  years  in  Penn.,  then  near  Ma- 
comb, 111.,  and  iiuully  settled  on  a  I  sec.  of  raw  prairie  near  Ipava. 
Mrs-  15-  died  July  19,  1878.  Mr.  E.'s  present  wife  was  Miss  Mary 
Good,  a  native  of  Ohio. 

Bell  Fleming,  farmer,  sec.  3;  P.  O.,  Ipava.  Parents,  John  and 
Elizabeth  F.,  the  former  a  native  of  L-eland,  who  came  to  New 
Brunswick   in   his  10th  year,  and  ultimately  to  this   county,  where 


HISTORY    OF    FUI.TON    COUNTY.  915 

in  1848  he  married  Elizabeth  Kitt,  purchased  80  acres  of  land  and 
settled  down  to  farming;,  commencing  poor  but  now  having  360 
acres  of  valuable  land  and  ranking  among  the  leading  farmers  of 
the  tp.  Mrs.  F.  died  in  1<S70.  Bell  was  born  in  1853,  attended  a 
business  college,  and  in  1878  married  a  daughter  of  Eben  Freeman, 
of  this  tp. 

Lewis  Flcuri/,  farmer  and  merchant,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  Vermont; 
was  born  in  Penn.,  near  Pliiladelphia,  in  1809;  his  father,  Pierre 
Flcurv,  emigrated  from  France  to  that  place  in  1798,  "^was  a  bril- 
liant, well  educated  man,  and  private  secretary  to  the  French  min- 
ister, Petrie ;  married  Elizabeth  Sanford  in  Virginia,  by  whom  he 
had  6  children  ;  Lewis,  the  eldest  son,  grew  to  manhood  in  Wash- 
ington, learned  the  carpenter's  trade,  emigrated  to  Ross  Co.,  Ohio, 
in  1828,  married  Mary  daughter  of  Coonrod  Zimmerman,  and  their 
children  are  7,  viz:  Eugene,  born  in  Kingston,  Ross  Co.,  O.,  Feb. 
4,  1839;  Mary  E.,  born  in  Kingston  Sept.  8,  1838,  died  Feb.  16, 
1841;  Adelaide,  born  Sept.  16,  1840,  at  the  same  place,  died  July 
27,  1846;  Eliza  J.,  born  Feb.  16,  1842,  same  place,  and  married 
D.ivid  Bell;  Jiilia,  born  Oct.  16,  1843,  and  married  Robert  Bailey; 
Estelle,  born  July  18,  1844,  in  Ross  Co.;  Adeline,  born  Aug.  7, 
1847,  in  Fulton  Co.;  Edgar,  born  Dec.  7,  1848,  in  Fulton  Co.; 
Belle,  born  A])ril  1,  1853,  in  same  countv  ;  and  Ella,  born  in  1857. 
Eugene  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  65th  111.  Inf.,' May  19,  1862. 

Cyrus  F.  Fordyce,  farmer,  sec.  6 ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove ;  was  born 
in  Green  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1807;  lived  in  Ohio  a  few  years,  and  in  1828 
came  to  Fulton  Co. ;  in  Ohio  again  during  the  deep  snow  ;  returned 
to  this  county  in  18.31  ;  saw  hard  times;  in  1835  he  married  Par- 
melia  Hughes,  daughter  of  George  Hughes,  of  Farmers'  tp.,  and 
he  has  3  children  living, — John,  George  and  Mary. 

John  F,  Fordyce,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  7 ;  P.  C,  Table 
Grove;  was  born  in  Fulton  county  in  1836;  reared  amid  pioneer 
associations;  enlisted  in  Co.  F,  183d  111.  Inf.;  honorably  discharged 
after  8  months'  service;  Sept.  25,  1860,  married  Minerva  I.  Hagans, 
daughter  of  Campbell  Hagans,  of  Eldorado  tp.,  McDonough  Co. ; 
their  children  are,  Clara,  Henry  (dee.),  Effie,  Frank,  Sherman, 
Bruce,  Charles  and  Freeman.  Mr.  Fordyce  has  taught  school  some 
and  was  once  a  business  man  in  Table  Grove. 

Daniel  Frazler,  farmer,  sec.  26;  P.  O.,  Vermont ;  was  born  in 
Belmont,  Co.,  Ohio,  in  1825;  his  father,  Wm.  Frazier,  was  born  in 
North  Carolina,  but  moved  while  young  to  Ohio,  where  he  married 
Miss  Anna  Ross;  of  this  marriage  12  children  were  born,  of  whom 
8  are  living.  Daniel,  the  fifth  of  these,  was  married  in  Noble  Co., 
O.,  in  1850  to  Miss  Nancy  Stoneking,  by  whom  he  has  5  children, 
two  have  died.  Sarah  A.  married  S.  Brown,  of  Astoria  tp. ;  Wm., 
John  and  Lucy  (twins),  and  Mary  B.  reside  at  home. 

Reuben   Frazier,   farmer,  sec.  34;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  born  in   Bel- 
-mont  Co.,  O.,  in  1827.     His  father,  Wm.  F.,  was  a    North   Caro- 
linian, who  emigrated  to  Ohio  in  early  day.     Reuben  married,  in 


ni6  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

Ohio,  Mary  E.  Swan,  daughter  of  John  and  Elizabeth  S.,  by  whom 
he  had  10  children,  5  now  living, — Rebecca  C,  Daniel  S.,  Emma 
J.,  Nancy  E.  and  Anna.  In  1856  he  came  to  this  count  v.  Mrs.  F. 
died  July  19,  1871 ;  Oct.  26,  1872,  Mr.  F.  married  Mellnda  Derry, 
daughter  of  Solomon  Derry,  and  had  one  child.  In  1864  Mr. 
Frazier  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  12th  111.  Inf.,  and  was  in  the  battle  of 
Kingston,  N.  C. 

Ebenezer  Freeman,  agriculturist,  sec.  35 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont.  Mar- 
shall G.  Freeman  (father  of  Ebenezer)  was  a  native  of  the  Bay 
State,  learned  shoe-making  while  young;  moved  to  Providence,  R. 
I.,  where  he  married  Europa  Stafford,  by  whom  he  had  11  children. 
In  early  days  he  emigrated  to  Isabel  township,  this  county,  and  in 
company  with  Samuel  Hackelton  erected  a  grist-mill  on  Spoon  river, 
but  it  was  swept  away  by  a  freshet.  The  next  year  he  sent  for  his 
family.  In  1835  he  entered  Government  land  on  section  35,  Ver- 
mont townshij),  and  proceeded  according  to  the  necessities  and  char- 
acteristics of  the  times  to  make  a  home.  He  succeeded,  as  nearly 
all  the  sturdy  pioneers  have  done,  in  this  domestic  enterprise,  and 
he  died  Sept.  28,  1859,  leaving  a  good  farm.  Mrs.  F.  is  still  in  this 
world,  71  years  old.  Ebenezer  married  Anna  Nelson  in  his  23d 
year,  and  they  have  had  9  children  :  Marvil,  Nelson,  Corrilla,  Mar- 
shall, Mary,  Charles,  Laura,  Lucy  and  Arthur. 

W.  L.    Green,  house-painter,  Vermont. 

W.  P.  Green,  contractor,  builder  and  chair-maker,  Vermont,  was 
born  in  Fayette  county.  Pa.,  in  1822;  learned  his  trade  in  that  State; 
in  1842  married  Miss  Eliza,  daughter  of  Bowell  Brownfield,  of  that 
county;  enlisted  in  Co.  G,  85th  Regt.  Pa.  Vol.,  and  participated  in 
many  noted  battles,  as  Williamsburg,  Fair  Oaks,  etc.;  was  honor- 
ably discharged  in  1864;  remained  at  his  old  home  until  1^68,  when 
he  emigrated  to  Wayne  county.  111.,  and  two  years  later  to  this 
county.  He  guarantees  all  his  work ;  headquarters  at  the  factory 
on  Main  street. 

Willis  Hager,  iiirmor,  stock-raiser  and  shipjier,  sec.  13;  P.  O., 
Ipava.  This  gentleman  is  well  known  as  a  business  man,  liberal  and 
industrious.     He  is  engaged  extensively  in  shipj)ing. 

Wilson  Ha ge r,  fiivmcr  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  12;  P.  O.,  Ipava; 
was  born  in  Belmont  county,  O.,  in  1827,  son  of  Jacob  Hager,  an 
Ohio  farmer  who  died  many  years  ago,  and  whose  widow  dietl  in 
Vermont  township  more  recently.  The  subject  of  this  paragraph 
grew  up  in  his  western  home,  and  in  1871  married  Martha  Middle- 
ton,  daughter  of  John  and  ^Lartha  Middleton.  Katy  is  their  only 
child.  In  this  townshij)  and  McDonough  county  Mr.  H.  owns  500 
acres  of  land  ;  is  an  extensive  dealer  in  stock. 

John  Hall,  farmer,  sec.  34;  P.  O.,  Vermont ;  born  in  Belmont 
Co.,  O.,  in  1816;  married  Mary  Ann,  daughter  of  Daniel  Knock, 
by  whom  he  has  5  children.  In  1839  he  came  to  Vermont  tp., 
where  he  has  since  lived  ;  was  a  cooper  by  trade  but  is  now  a 
farmer.     One  day,  when  out  in  the  woods  cutting  hoop-poles,  Mr. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  917 

Hall  heard  his  dog  b;\rkinga  little  way  off,  and  going  to  the  spot  he 
found  that  the  dog  had  treed  a  large  catamount.  On  his  arrival  the 
cat  jumped  down,  aiming  to  attack  the  dog,  but  failed  at  the  first 
effort.  However  he  turned  upon  the  dog  and  would  have  killed 
him  had  not  Mr.  Hall  at  that  juncture  run  up  to  them,  and  given 
the  wild  animal  a  few  well  directed  blows  with  his  hatchet,  and 
killed  him. 

Edward  Hamer,  merchant  and  firmer,  was  born  in  Delaware  Co., 
Pa.,  Sept.  30,  1816;  in  1829  his  parents  moved  to  Chester  Co., 
where  he  learned  the  tailor's  trade  and  remained  until  1854,  when 
he  emigrated  to  Vermont,  111.,  where  he  has  since  continued  in  busi- 
ness. In  all  he  has  kept  store  nearly  40  years.  In  Chester  Co., 
Pa.,  Aug.,  1860,  he  married  Miss  A.  A.  Morris,  and  they  have  two 
daughters, — S.  M.  and  M.  H.  Mr.  Hamer  is  a  Republican  and 
has  held  several  local  offices:  is  not  a  member  of  any  Church  or 
society.  He  is  a  promineut  business  man  who  has  won  a  high  repu- 
tation. 

Patterson  Hamer,  merchant,  was  born  and  reared  in  Eastern 
Pennsylvania,  where  he  taught  school,  worked  on  a  farm  and  learned 
the  tailor's  trade.  His  cousin  Edward  (noticed  above)  assisted  him 
in  his  educational  career,  and  they  subsequently  entered  the  dry- 
goods  and  grocerv  business  in  partnership,  excluding  the  retail  of 
liquors.  Altliough  many  predicted  their  defeat,  they  succeeded,  and 
continued  to  prosper  for  14  years,  while  many  other  business  firms 
in  their  community  failed.  In  1854  they  came  to  Vermont  and 
purchased  the  building  they  now  occuj)y,  besides  several  town  lots, 
and  other  business  property.  They  are  also  joint  owners  of  a 
valuable  firm,  and  have  done  much  toward  the  material  advance- 
ment of  the  village  of  their  choice.  Patterson  has  declined  all  pub- 
lic office  except  that  of  Supervisor  or  other  local  positions.  He  has 
always  been  opj)osed  to  slavery,  and  in  the  days  of  its  existence  he 
aided  many  a  fugitive.  In  the  late  war  he  contributed  largely  to 
its  prosecution,  hoping  thereby  the  sooner  to  end  it. 

Col.  Thomas  Hamer  was  born  in  Union  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1818.  His 
father,  James  Hamer,  was  born  in  1785,  also  in  Pa.,  and  he  was  the 
son  of  Jam?s  H  uner,  of  Scotland,  who  settled  in  Northumberland 
Co.  prior  to  the  Revolutionary  war,  and  was  elected  the  first  Sher- 
iff of  that  county.  He  married  Elizabeth  Lyon  and  had  8  children, 
the  eldest  of  whom  was  James.  James  H,  was  a  farmer,  settled  in 
Vermont,  111.,  in  1845,  and  died  there.  He  was  a  very  generous 
man.  Col.  Thomas  Hamer  received  a  thorough  education  in  his 
youth,  besides  being  brought  up  at  farm  work  ;  clerked  in  a  dry- 
goods  and  grocery  store  for  several  years;  in  1847  was  employed  as 
clerk  by  Joab  Mershon  for  two  years,  then  entered  partnership  with 
Jas.  A.  Russell  and  Richard  Johnson  in  the  drv-ffoods  line,  and 
prospered  until  the  spring  of  1851,  when  Jack  Matheny  jiiundered 
the  store  and  set  fire  to  the  building,  entailing  a  total  loss  of  $8,000. 
He  was  then  in  partnership  with  E.  &  P.  Hamer  until  1861,  wdien 


918  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

the  war  broke  out,  and  he  organized  Cos.  B  and  F,  84th  111.  Inf., 
and  was  commissioned  Maj(tr.  He  beat  Bragg  in  a  race  to  Louis- 
ville, Kv.,  and  afterward  was  engaged  in  pursuit  of  the  same  rebel 
general  in  a  race  for  Nashville;  was  wounded  at  the  battle  of  Stone 
River,  but  next  day  after  receiving  the  wound  he  commanded  so 
valiantlv  that  his  men  gave  him  a  gold  watch  as  a  testimonial  of  his 
enthusiasm;  his  wound,  however,  compelled  him  to  resign.  He 
came  home  and  finally  recovered.  In  18G4  he  entered  mercantile 
business,  which  he  followed  until  1876,  when  he  sold  out  to  Ayres 
&  Whitnev.  He  has  been  Supervisor,  and  has  been  nominated 
three  different  times  for  the  Legislature  by  the  Republican  party, 
drawing  the  full  vote;  has  been  delegate  to  every  Republican 
countv  convention  held  since  he  came  into  the  State  ;  and  was 
elected  President  of  the  annual  Army  Reunion  at  Springfield.  In 
1850  he  married  Harriet  E.  Johnson,  daughter  of  Franklin  John- 
son, a  native  of  New  York.  Has  had  0  children  :  two  are  living 
now,  namely,  Wylie  and  Lee  Ray. 

James  Harmon,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  Vermont ;  was  born  in 
Penn.,  in  1815,  son  of  James  Harmon,  sr.,  a  farmer,  and  Margaret 
(Xeelev) ;  he  first  learned  the  plasterer's  trade,  which  he  followed  37 
vears ;  married  Martha  Keene,  who  died,  leaving  4  children, — Cal- 
vin, Margaret,  James  and  Isabel.  In  1849  Mr.  H.  settled  in  this  tp. 
In  1860  he  married  Taey  Hagar,  by  whom  he  has  one  child,  Nancy. 

Jacobs.  Harper,  miller,  was  born  in  Jefferson  Co.,  ().,  Feb.  14, 
1830.  His  father,  Joseph  Harper,  was  a  carpenter,  a  native  of  Pa., 
and  died  when  Jacob  was  yet  a  lad.  The  latter  learned  to  be  a  black- 
smith, married  Myrtila  Wasson,  of  Pa.,  had  5  children,  3  of  whom 
are  living, — Indiana,  Montie  and  Dilla.  In  the  spring  of  1855  Mr. 
Harper  settled  in  Vermont,  workeil  one  year  in  the  blacksmith  sht)p 
of  Geo.  Durell,  and  then  8  years  for  T.  F.  Wisdom  ;  186-2-6  he  fol- 
lowed the  business  independently,  then  bought  an  interest  in  the 
steam  grist-mill  east  of  the  public  square;  in  1869  he  purchased  an 
interest  in  the  City  Mills,  in  partnership  with  Jesse  Bogue. 

Alfred  Hart,  cabinet  manufacturer  and  dealer,  was  l)orn  in  Kent, 
Eng!,  in  1817.  His  father,  Wm.  Hart,  was  a  paper-maker,  who 
died  in  England,  leaving  several  children,  Alfred,  the  eldest,  re- 
ceived a  liberal  education  and  early  rendered  himself  proficient  in 
the  trade  of  cabinet-maker.  In  1847  he  married  Sarah  Hattan,  by 
whom  he  had  6  children,  3  of  whom  are  living, — Alfred,  Charlotte 
and  Louisa.  In  1849  Mr.  Hart  came  to  America  and  located  in 
Vermont  the  following  spring,  since  which  time  he  has  pursued  his 
vocation. 

Aaron  Hickle,  deceased,  was  born  in  Virginia,  bnt  was  taken  to 
Ohio  when  he  was  7  years  of  age,  where  he  grew  to  manhood  and 
married  Sarah  Stanhope,  daughter  of  George  and  Mary  Stanhope, 
of  New  Jersey.  In  1848  he  came  to  Vermont  tp.,  and  died  in  1«m. 
He  left  a  wife  and  8  children:  Rebecca,  who  died  Aug,  27,  1874; 
George,  who  married  Miss  Parmelia  Wilson  and  resides  in  this  tp. ; 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  919 

Eliza,  who  married  John  Brown  and  resides  also  in  this  tp.;  Sa- 
mantha,  who  married  eJohn  Mills  and  resides  in  Astoria  tp. ;  Harriet, 
who  married  Wm.  Gr^uly  and  resides  in  Astoria;  John,  who  mar- 
ried Ao;nes  Diehl  and  lives  in  Vermont  tp. ;  Sigourney,  who  mar- 
ried Elisha  Elliot  and  lives  in  Woodland  tp. ;  and  Cassius  A.,  who 
dwells  on  the  old  homestead. 

Thomas  Holmes,  farmer  and  stoek-raiser,  sec.  3 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava ; 
was  born  in  Washington  (now  Marion)  Co.,  Ky.,  Nov.  7,  1813. 
His  father,  Nathan  Holmes,  was  also  a  native  of  KentueUy,  a  farmer, 
who  married  Mary  Miller,  of  Ky.  In  1833  the  family  came  to 
Farmers'  township.  Dec.  1,  1836,  Mr.  Thos.  Holmes  married 
Rachel  Derry,  danghter  of  John  Derry,  of  Va.  In  the  fall  of  1836 
he  bnilt  a  cabin,  and  continned  to  labor  indnstriously  and  economi- 
cally until  he  is  now  a  wealthy  man.  His  present  fine  residence  was 
buit  in  I860.  He  now  owns  500  acres  of  valuable  land.  He  has 
had  10  children,  8  living  now:  Mary,  who  married  Samuel  Miner 
and  now  lives  in  Kansas;  Sarah,  now  the  wife  of  Thomas  Matthews 
in  Nebraska;  Josephine  A.,  the  wife  of  Harrison  Edie;  William, 
who  married  Miss  Battles  and  after  her  decease.  Miss  Mary  Stoops; 
Franklin,  who  married  Sarah  Hipsley;  Charles,  who  resides  in  Ver- 
mont; Edward,  still  at  the  old  homstead.  Thomas  E.,  a  grand-son, 
also  lives  at  the  homestead. 

Wm.  H.  Holmes,  farmer,  sec.  3;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  was  born  on 
the  old  homstead  in  this  tp.,  in  1845,  son  of  Thomas  Holmes;  pur- 
sued a  business  course  of  study  at  Lewistown  ;  on  Christmas,  1867, 
he  married  Olive  E.  Battles,  daughter  of  G.  W.  Battles,  formerly 
a  merchant  of  Ipava,  but  now  a  resident  of  California.  Their  only 
child  is  Edward  B.  Mrs.  H.  died  Sept.  20,  1871.  In  1873  Mr. 
H.  married  Sarah  J.  Stoops,  daughter  of  Wm.  and  Keziah  S.,  early 
settlers  here.  Of  the  latter  marriage  were  born  Wm.  S.,  Gertrude 
F.  and  Olive  M. 

Ellis  Hoopes,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  26;  P.  O.,  Vermont; 
is  a  native  of  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  born  in  1804;  his  father  was  also 
a  Pennsvlvanian  and  a  school-teacher,  married  Elizabeth  Kino;  and 
had  9  children,  the  eldest  but  one  of  whom  is  Ellis,  jr.  The  family 
moved  to  Ohio  about  1813,  where  Ellis  was  educated  and  learned 
carpentering;  was  naturally  very  skillful ;  in  1826  he  married  Miss 
Grace  Foulk,  daughter  of  Judith  and  Sarah  F.,  natives  of  Bucks 
Co.,  Pa.;  in  1841  he  came  to  Vermont  tp.,  where  he  has  since  re- 
sided, making  for  himself  a  comfortable  home.  Julv  27,  1878, 
Mrs.  H.  was  buried  in  Vermont  cemetery. 

S.  F.  Hoopes,  manufacturer  of  and  dealer  in  buggies  and  car- 
riages, Vermont ;  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1839;  in  1841  his  parents 
settled,  with  him,  in  Vermont  tp.  When  19  years  old  Silas  F. 
commenced  to  learn  his  trade,  proved  extraordinary  apt,  and  in 
1859  entered  partnership  with  his  elder  brother  William.  In  the 
war  he  enlisted  in  the  3d  111.  Cav.,  in  the  Musical  Corps,  or  Regi- 
mental Band.     He  returned   home   and  opened  the  large  manufac- 


920  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

turinp;  establish mcnt  he  now  occupies.  In  1864  he  married  Miss 
Mary  J.  Cox,  tlaughter  of  Caleb  Cox.  They  have  three  boys  and 
one  girl. 

Dr.  A.  L.  Hoover,  Vermont,  was  born  in  Wayne  Co.,  Ind.,  in 
1843.  His  father  was  John  Hoover,  a  farmer,  also  a  native  of  In- 
diana. Abraiiam  L.  was  reared  in  his  native  county,  and  to  obtain 
an  education  he  had  to  earn  money  at  40  cents  a  day,  chopping 
wood,  making  rails,  etc.,  and  taught  school  some.  He  studied 
medicine  at  Ann  Arbor,  Mich.,  at  the  University,  and  commenced 
practice  at  Baltimore  (now  New  Haven),  Mich.  Here  he  married 
Delia  J.  Knotts,  daughter  of  X.  C.  Knotts,  of  Pa.,  and  they  have 
one  child.  He  spent  5  years  at  Eaton,  Ind.,  and  then  came  to  Ver- 
mont, where  he  has  established  himself  in  a  good  practice.  He 
takes  special  pride  in  his  library,  suj)j)lying  himself  with  the  latest 
valuable  works  and  keeping  up  with  the  times. 

H.  »S,  Jdcobs,  Justice  of  the  I'eace,  was  born  in  1822  in  Ken- 
tucky; his  father,  John  Jacobs,  was  a  native  of  old  Virginia,  a 
sailor,  who  had  to  discontinue  his  occupation  prior  to  the  war  of 
1812,  owing  to  the  cessation  of  commerce  and  the  troubles  which 
led  to  the  war.  He  moved  to  Kentuckv  in  1810,  married  Nancv 
Gwinn,  by  whom  he  had  12  children.  Harrison  S.,  the  5th  child, 
attained  his  12th  year,  when  his  parents  moved  with  him  to  Mis- 
.souri ;  at  the  age  of  18  he  went  to  St.  Louis,  learned  the  chair- 
maker's  trade,  married  Miss  ]M.  W.  Coolidge,  and  in  1849  settled 
in  Astoria,  continuing  the  business  of  chair-making  4  years.  In 
1870  he  was  ekcted  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  the  tp.  of  Vermont, 
in  which  capacity  he  has  given  great  satisfaction. 

John  Kellij,  farmer,  sec.  8 ;  P.  O.,  Table  Grove;  born  in  Ver- 
mont township,  Oct.  14,  1837.  His  father,  Ebenezer  Kelly  was  a 
Kentucky  farmer,  who  married  Susan  Hayes  and  had  11  children. 
In  1834  the  family  emigrated  to  this  township,  and  Mr.  K.  built 
his  own  and  many  other  cabins;  in  later  years  he  became  sucessful 
in  the  more  modern  system  of  architecture.  He  died  in  1874,  and 
^Irs.  K.  is  still  living,  a  resident  of  ^"ermont.  Five  of  their  chil- 
dren survive:  Elizabeth,  who  married  John  Hamer,  of  Vermont ; 
John,  who  married  Sarah  A.  Hodgen  ;  Martha,  who  married  Jean 
Moore,  resides  in  Nebraska ;  Mary,  who  is  married  and  lives  in 
Farmers' township ;  and  Carr,  who  married  Ella  Simmons  and  re- 
sides in  Vermont. 

Henry  Kirkhridc,  keeper  of  livery  and  feed  stable,  Vermont, 
the  oldest  and  most  successful  institution  of  the  kind  ever  establish- 
ed in  the  })lace.  He  commenced  business  prior  to  the  building  of 
the  C,  B.  c^  (i.  Railroad  to  this  point,  and  by  enterprise,  persever- 
ance and  integrity  he  has  outstripped  all  his  competitors,  many  of 
them  having  started  in  the  race  and  "got  left."  Mr.  K.  of  course 
keeps  a  first-class  line  of  carriages  and  stock. 

A.  J.  Koo)is,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  10;  P.  O,,  Vermont. 
Thirty  years  ago  Mr.  Koons  arrived  in  Fulton  county   with  only 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  921 

half  a  dollar,  and  now  has  a  fine  250-acrc  farm  with  a  handsome 
brick  residence  upon  it, — all  from  his  energy  and  economy.  He 
was  born  in  New  Jersey  in  IS'.U) ;  his  parents  were  Jonathan  and 
Elizabeth  Koons  ;  he  learned  the  carpenter  and  joiner's  trade,  but 
afterward  worked  3  years  on  a  farm  in  Pennsylvania  ;  then,  in  1848, 
he  emigrated  to  Ipava  ;  in  1857  he  married  Margaret  Kost ;  in  1862 
he  enlisted  in  Co.  B.,  84th  lU.  Tnf  ;  returned  to  his  farm,  on  which 
he  has  prospered  ever  since.  He  was  among  the  first  to  adopt  tile 
draining,  and  now  has  1,900  rods  of  3  and  4-inch  tiling  on  his  farm. 
His  dwelling  is  possibly  the  finest  in  the  county.  He  has  but  one 
child,  Frank,  born  in  this  county  in  1859,  who  is  a  natural  artist. 

Abraham  Koi-tt,  agriculturist,  sec.  11  ;  P.  O.,  Ipava  ;  born  in  Penn. 
in  1821,  son  of  John  Kost  ;  was  12  years  old  when  the  familv  emi- 
grated with  him  to  Ohio;  there  he  received  a  liberal  education,  and 
in  1842  married  Mary  Walker,  daughter  of  Jesse  W.,  by  whom  he 
has  had  4  children  ;  settled  in  Astoria  in  an  early  day,  buying  a  piece 
of  land,  and  after  a  residence  there  of  5  years  he  moved  into  Ver- 
mont tp.  He  has  had  4  children  ;  Julia  Ann,  who  married,  Jabez 
Beers;  Elizabeth,  n-ho  first  married  James  Koons,  and,  after  his 
death  in  the  army,  R.  S.  Thomas;  William  and  Catharine,  who  mar- 
ried James  Hayes. 

W.  F.  Kost,  firmer,  sec.  12;  P.  O.,  Tpava ;  born  in  Fulton 
county;  is  a  young,  enterprising  farmer;  was  brought  up  amid 
pioneer  surroundings  and  influences,  and  inured  to  industrious 
habits. 

I).  W.  Lambert,  farmer,  sec.  16;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  was  born  in 
Knox  Co.,  O.,  in  1844,  the  second  son  of  Francis  \j.  and  Mary  M. 
Lambert.  Francis  L.  was  a  soldier  and  musician  in  the  Mexican 
war,  a  member  of  the  2d  Ohio  regt. ;  in  the  late  war  he  was  elected 
Captain  of  Co.  I,  95th  Ohio;  in  1876  he  came  to  Illinois  and  soon 
after  died.  D.  W.  came  to  Illinois  in  1860;  in  1861  he  enlisted  in 
Co.  L.,  7th  111.,  Cav. ;  in  1864  re-elisted  as  Sergeant;  during  the 
war  he  was  in  27  battles.  He  also  participated  in  Grierson's  raid, 
riding  800  miles  in  12  days.  In  1878  he  settled  in  this  tp.,  mar- 
ried Miss  Sarah  A.  Barron,  and  they  had  one  child.  Myrtle,  who  was 
born  in  Feb.,  1874,  and  died  the  following  May.  In  Dec,  1877, 
Mr.  L.  was  married  (a  second  time)  to  Phcebe  J.  Beatty,  and  they 
have  one  child. 

Brinton  Levis  was  born  Dec.  19,  1805,  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  passed 
his  youth  there,  except  6  years  on  the  sea  as  a  sailor;  obtained  a 
systematic  education  withal;  in  1828  he  married  Phcebe  Ann, 
daughter  of  Wm.  Ring,  and  they  had  11  children,  only  5  of  whom 
now  survive,  namely:  William,  who  married  Miss  Harriet  Cox; 
Joseph,  who  married  Amanda  Smith  ;  Rebecca,  who  married  Stephen 
Bogue;  Sarah  J.,  who  married  Caleb  Brinton,  and  Mary  F.,  who  is 
still  at  the  old  homestead.  Mr.  Lewis  served  in  the  army  during 
the  Mexican  war,  and  about  1850  he  settled  in  this  tp.  and  has  fol- 
lowed farming  and  teaching  school.     He  was  in  all  the   battles  in 


922  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

the  vallev  near  the  city  of  Mexico,  as  Chapultepcc,  Churiibiisco, 
Coutrera;:;,  Molino  del  Rev,  etc.,  two  of  these  being  the  most  severe 
of  the  campaign.     Always  votes  the  straight  Democratic  ticket. 

Benjamin  yiar^haU,  farmer,  sec.  32 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont ;  was  born 
in  Indiana  Co.,  Pa.,  Nov.  6,  1830,  son  of  Walter  Marshall,  also  a 
native  of  Pa.,  and  a  farmer,  who-  married  Mary  Purnell  and  had  7 
children;  Benjamin,  the  eldest,  grew  to  manhood  in  Pennsylvania, 
receiving  a  liberal  education,  married  Margaret  Duncan,  and  had  7 
children, — 6  of  whom  are  living, — Hadillah,  Louisa,  .  Wm.  H., 
Scott  (dec.),  Stewart,  Mary  and  Emma.  May  31,  1855,  he  located 
in  this  tp.,  purchasing  40  acres  of  land,  where  he  now  has  an  ex- 
cellent orchard  and  vineyard ;  in  the  latter  are  a  thousand  vines. 
He  is  pretty  generally  ahead,  also  in  quality  of  live  stock  and 
poultry. 

./.  .S.  Marshall,  farmer ;  P.  O.,  Ipava ;  born  in  Jefferson  Co.,  O., 
in  181(3;  in  1823  his  father,  Wm.  Marshall,  died;  he  was  brought 
up  to  farm  labor  and  strict  habits  of  economy  and  perseverance,  and 
is  now  credited  with  being  the  wealthiest  citizen  in  Vermont  tp. 

Wm.  Marshall,  former  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  22 ;  P.  O.,  Ver- 
mont;  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  in  1823.  His  father,  of  the  same 
name,  was  a  native  of  Pa.,  moved  when  young  to  Ohio,  followed 
teaming,  manv  times  going  over  the  mountains  to  Baltimore;  mar- 
ried Miss  Sarah  Marshall,  of  Ohio.  Of  the  four  children  two  are 
living,  John  S.  and  Wm.  (Margaret  and  Thomas  deceased).  Wm., 
jr.,  was  but  13  years  old  when  his  father  died  (in  1835),  and  he  then 
accompanied  his  mother  and  brother  to  this  tp.  Wra.  commenced 
going  to  school  at  the  age  of  16,  in  an  old-fashioned  log  school- 
house  characteristic  of  the  times.  In  1851  he  married  Charlotte 
Loomis,  daughter  of  Russell  G.  L.,  and  they  have  had  G  children, 
only  2  of  whom  arc  living, — Ross  E.  and  Alice  J. 

Thomas  Maxwell,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Ipava.  This  gentleman  was 
born  in  Ohio  in  1847;  in  1856  he  became  a  resident  of  Vermont 
t]).,  where  he  rents  150  acres  of  land.  In  1874  he  married  Miss 
Lovina  Boozle.     They  have  one  child  living, — Perry. 

Andrew  E.  McCartney,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Kentucky.  His 
father,  James  McC,  was  from  Virginia.  Andrew  E.  was  reared  on 
a  farm;  in  1839  he  emigrated  to  Vermont  tp.  Mrs.  McC.  is  still 
living.  They  had  11  children,  9  of  whom  are  yet  living:  John  A., 
Andrew  E.  (on  the  homestead),  Rachel  E.,  Benj.  F.,  Addison  P., 
John  H.  (married  Belle  Underwood),  Mattie  I.  (married  Melvin  T. 
Wilson)  and  Delilah  C. 

Wm.  Mr  Cart  I/,  farmer,  sec.  27;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  was  born  in 
Frederick  Co.,  Va.,  near  Winchester,  in  1811.  His  fiither,  John 
McC,  was  born  in  Frederick  Co.,  Md.,  a  farmer,  and  married  Han- 
nah Nevitt,  of  Va.,  by  whom  he  had  8  children.  Wm.,  the  eldest, 
settled  in  Belmont  Co.,  O.,  in  an  early  day  and  followed  forming; 
in  1838  he  married  Susannah  Derry,  in  Coshocton  Co.,  daughter  of 
Wm.  Derry,  of  Va.,  and  had  11  children,  only  five  of  whom  now 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  923 

survive, — Elizabeth,  Sarah,  Wm.  P.,  Isaac  and  David.  This 
family  resided  in  Mason  Co.,  111.,  from  1844  to  1807,  then  moved 
to  this  tp. 

Columhux  McCiirrh/,  physician  and  suro;eon,  Vermont,  was  born 
in  McDonoujjh  Co.,  111.,  iii  1844.  His  father,  Alex.  xMcC,  a  miller, 
was  born  in  Virginia,  Init  emigrated  to  McDonough  Co.  in  an  early 
day;  in  1843  he  married  Eliza  Renner ;  in  1847  he  settled  in  Ver- 
mont, where  he  followed  his  vocation  until  his  death  in  1851  ;  his 
widow  died  in  1875.  The  only  survivor  of  the  familv  is  the  sub- 
ject of  this  sketch,  who  thoroughly  educated  himself  at  the  common 
schools,  studied  medicine  under  Drs.  Taylor  &  Clark,  and  subse- 
quently graduated  at  the  Eclectic  Medical  Institute  in  Cincinnati, 
O.  In  1873  he  married  Caroline  Freeman,  daughter  of  Marshall 
Freeman,  a  ])ioneer.  Dr.  McC.  is  regarded  as  both  learned  and 
skilled  in  his  profession. 

Wm.  McCunUj,  deceased,  a  well  and  favorably  known  pioneer, 
was  born  in  Virginia  in  1808;  the  name  of  his  lirst  Avife  we  were 
not  able  to  obtain  ;  his  second  wife  was  a  Miss  Eliza  Elliot,  born  in 
Ohio;  in  1832  he  settled  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  as  a  farmer,  but  soon 
resumed  his  trade  of  harness-maker;  he  died  in  1870,  leaving  a 
wife  and  the  following  children:  Joseph  and  Martin,  in  California; 
Jane,  in  Bushnell ;  Mary,  Maggie,  Henrietta,  ^\'illianl  and  J.  R., 
all  in  Vermont.  The  last  mentioned  married  Elizabeth  Harris,  of 
Cass  Co.,  and  has  one  child,  Tony  E. 

Wm.  Mcllor,  attorney  at  law,  is  a  native  of  Manchester,  Eng., 
born  in  1830;  having  acquired  a  liberal  education,  at  the  age  of  17 
he  came  to  America  and  located  in  Eldorado  tj).,  McDonough  Co., 
111. ;  labored  hard  at  farm  work  for  a  season,  and  then  went  to  Ver- 
mont and  clerked  in  Stevens  &  Winans'  dry-goods  store  for  4  years, 
then  was  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Heizer  &  Co.,  dry-goods  dealers, 
until  the  financial  panic  of  1857;  then  traveled  in  the  South  as 
salesman  of  nursery  stock  until  the  spring  of  18()1,  when  he  re- 
turned to  Vermont  and  warned  the  j)eople  in  a  public  speech  what 
the  South  intended  to  do,  but  was  little  heeded.  In  1802  he  joined 
the  103d  111.  Inf ,  was  unanimously  elected  2d  Lieut,  of  (^o.  F., 
then  (Oct.  18,  '62)  1st  Eieut.  and  Regt.  Q.  M.,  which  })<)sition  he 
retained  until  the  war  closed.  April  2,  1804,  he  was  incarcerated 
in  the  rebel  prison  at  Atlanta,  then  3  weeks  at  Andersonville,  then 
to  Macon,  Savannah  and  Charleston,  where,  Nov.  15,  1804,  he  was 
exchanged.  Taking  two  months  in  Annaj)olis,  Md.,  and  a  short 
time  at  home  in  Vermont  to  recover  health,  he  was  assigned  to 
Benton  Barracks,  Mo.,  as  Q.  M.,  and  May  15,  1865,  he  was  honor- 
ably discharged.  Before  the  war  he  had  read  law,  and  during  his 
life  he  has  been  Supervisor,  Tp.  Collector,  Clerk,  etc.  In  1847  he 
married  Charlotte  Cowan,  in  England,  and  has  three  children, — 
George,  Robert  and  I^uella. 

Isaac  Mendenhall,  farmer,  sec.  26 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont.  Mr.  M. 
was  born  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1815.     His  father,  Aaron,  also  a, 


924  HISTORY   OF   FULTOX   COUNTY. 

native  of  Penn.,  married  Deborah  Brown  and  had  10  children, 
Isaac  being  the  eldest  son.  The  latter  married  Jane  Kinsev, 
daughter  of  John  Kiusey,  and  they  had  4  children, — Mary  E.,  Wm., 
John  and  Esther  J.  Mrs.  M.  died  in  1849,  and  the  same  year  Mr. 
M.  married  Hannah  J.  Thompson,  and  they  had  8  children.  In 
1864*Mr.  M.  emigrated  with  his  family  to  this  tp. 

Elmer  Meredith,  farmer,  sec.  12;  P.  O,,  Ipava.  Born  in  Morrow 
Co.,  O.,  Feb.  18,  18-52.  Benjamin  Meredith,  his  father,  was  also 
an  Ohioan,  and  a  physician  and  surgeon.  Elmer  married  Catherine, 
daughter  of  Daniel  Lvbarger,  an  old  settler  here,  and  thev  have  3 
children, — Alta  B.,  Lillian  and  William.  In  1873  Mr.  M.  pur- 
chased his  present  farm. 

Henry  Mershon,  one  of  the  leading  merchants  of  the  county,  of 
the  firm  of  J.  &  H.  Mershon,  the  senior  being  his  father.  Henry 
is  a  native  of  this  county,  has  been  reared  amid  pioneer  associations, 
and  has  by  his  integrity  of  character  and  capacity  won  a  high  place 
in  the  esteem  of  his  fellow  citizens.  Their  stock  of  goods  is  always 
selected  with  great  care,  so  that  in  the  quality  of  their  goods  as  well 
as  in  low  price,  etc.,  they  are  not  surpassed. 

./.  ik  H.  Mershon,  dealers  in  dry -goods,  Vermont.  Among  the 
mercantile  houses  of  Vermont  undoubtedly  the  most  extensive  is  that 
ofJoaband  Henry  Mershon ;  their  goods  are  selected  with  great 
care,  are  all  in  style  and  durable.  As  early  as  1842  the  senior  part- 
ner of  this  firm  began  mercantile  business  in  this  place  on  Main 
street,  and  steady  prosperity  so  attended  him  that  he  has  enlarged 
and  improved  his  building  from  time  to  time,  keeping  fully  up  with 
the  demands  of  the  community.  He  also  carries  on  a  banking  busi- 
ness, where  his  integrity  and  business  qualifications  have  been  dem- 
onstrated to  the  satisfaction  of  the  public. 

Joab  Mershon,  banker  and  merchant,  is  one  of  the  leading  busi- 
ness men  of  Fulton  Co.,  a  position  he  has  obtained  purely  by  merit. 
Years  ago  he  commenced  in  Vermont  with  no  capital  but  that  of 
the  mind  and  heart,  which,  however,  was  considerable.  An  abiding 
faith  in  the  future  prosperity  of  this  township  and  county,  joined 
with  industry,  mental  capacity  and  honesty  has  enabled  him  to-day 
to  rank  among  the  highest  in  this  section  of  the  country. 

Martin  Miles,  proprietor  of  the  meat  market,  Vermont,  was  bom 
in  McDonough  Co.,  111.,  in  1837  ;  came  to  Vermont  about  1870,  and 
in  1877  entered  his  present  business.  He  married  Melissa  Husted 
in  McDonough  Co.,  and  has  two  daughters  and  one  son. 

Abner  Miller,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  23 ;  P.  O.,  Vermont ; 
was  bom  in  Noble  county,  O.,  in  1836;  his  father,  Stephen  Miller, 
was  also  a  native  of  the  Buckeye  State,  where  he  married  Phcebe 
Ross  and  had  o  children, — Elijah,  Amos,  Abner,  Mary  J.  and  Sarah 
A.  In  1855  the  family  moved  to  this  tp.  and  Mr.  M.  died  in  Aug., 
1878 :  Mrs.  M.  is  still  living,  upward  of  73  years  old  :  Abner  was 
in  his  18th  year  at  the  immigration  to  this  place;  in  1859  he  mar- 
ried Ethelminda  Walker,  daughter  of  Jesse  Walker,  who  settled  in 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY,  92o 

this  township  in  18o3.  Children:  Jonathan  L.,  Mary  A.,  Frances 
K.,  Josephine,  J^mma,  Lewis,  Jesse  G.  and  Howard,  besides  one 
deceased. 

Abraham  Miller,  farmer,  sec.  2  ;  P.  O.,  Ipava  ;  was  bom  in  Pa.,  in 
1803;  his  parents  were  Abraham  and  Cathf rine  f Bendf-r;  Miller,  the 
former  an  agriculturist,  wIkj  moved  to  Ohio  in  I8I0  and  died  in 
1827,  in  Clermont  Co.,  that  State;  the  latter  migrated  to  Vermont 
tp.  in  1836  and  died  in  1842.  Abraham,  the  younger,  grew  to  man- 
hood in  Ohio,  where  he  married  Miss  Mary  G.,  daughter  of  Robert 
Dobbins,  and  has  had  since  the  following-named  children  :  PLliza  J., 
who  married  John  Cadwallader  and  resides  in  Bushnell  township, 
McDonough  Co.;  Mar)',  who  married  Cyras  Bartholomew,  and  after 
his  decease  John  Ross  ;  Rol>ert  M.,  who  married  Man*'  Cadwallader, 
and  after  her  decf-a-e  Miss  Sarah  Ackerson  ;  and  Amanda  Ann,  who 
married  Jesse  Wiley,  of  Hancock  Co.  Robert  M.  was  severely 
wounded  at  the  battle  of  Murfreesborough. 

Jacob  Miller,  farmer,  sec.  2;  P.  O.,  Ipava;  was  born  in  Penn.  in 
1814;  in  I8I0  the  family  moved  to  Ohio;  in  1836  Mr.  M.  emi- 
grated to  Vermont  township;  in  1839  he  married  Amanda,  daughter 
of  Rev.  Robert  Dobbins,  a  Presbyterian  minister,  and  the  second 
settler  on  the  prairie  in  this  township.  These  are  the  children: 
Philetus,  who  was  killed  in  1863  by  a  horse  running  away;  Mart' 
C. ;  Eliza  M. ;  and  Jane  C,  who  married  Charles  Hixon,  of  this 
county.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  M.  relate  many  interesting  reminiscences  of 
pioneer  times. 

Joseph  Miller,  retired  farmer,  sec.  10;  P.O.,  Vermont.  Abraham 
Miller,  his  father,  is  above  alluded  to.  Mr.  Joseph  Miller  wa.s  bom 
in  Clermont  county,  O.,  Nov.  10,  1817;  in  the  spring  of  1836  he 
settled  on  "Ipava  Prairie,"  working  as  a  farm  hand.  In  1844  he 
married  Jane  Stoops,  daughter  of  Michael  Stoops,  of  Ohio,  and 
they  have  had  6  children,  3  of  whom  are  living, — Michael  S.,  John 
W.  and  Laura  Leoni, — and  are  in  this  county. 

Charles  R.  Morgan,  farmer  and  fruit-grower,  sec.  6  ;  born  in  I80I, 
in  Fulton  county,  on  the  old  homestead  of  his  parents,  Wm.  and 
Esther  Morgan,  whose  biographies  are  next  given. 

Wm.  Morgan,  deceased,  was  born  near  Saratoga  Springs,  N.  Y.; 
married  Hannah  Wheeler  and  had  3  children  ;  then  married  Esther 
Walworth;  in  1832  he  moved  to  Ft.  Dearborn,  111.  (now  Chicago), 
when  there  was  but  one  grocery  store  there ;  soon  afterward  he 
moved  to  Vermont  township.  He  died,  leaving  to  the  care  of  his 
wife  7  children.  Peter  married  Miss  Martha  Crow  and  resides  at 
Farraington  ;  Walter  married  Mary  Decamppes  (?),  Diamond  City, 
Montana,  and  Elsie  is  deceased.  Of  the  second  marriage  were  born 
Hannah,  who  married  Geo.  Fike  and  resides  at  Table  Grove ;  Jam^s 
H.,  who  first  married  Mary  Harmon,  and  afterward  Alice  Mark- 
ham,  now  residing  at  Bardolph  ;  Lydia,  who  married  Wm.  Haller 
and  resides  in  Wayne  county,  Iowa;  Jacob  W.,  who  married  Lydia 

54 


926  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Coulter  and  resides  at  Foster  Point,  McDonongh  Co.;  and  Charles 
R.,  unmarried. 

Hiram  A.  Pickering,  farmer,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  was  born 
in  Harrison  Co.,  O.,  in  1836,  son  of  Hiram  Pickerinjr,  a  native  of 
the  Old  Dominion,  who  moved  to  Ohio  in  early  day  and  married  He- 
lena McXamee,  Hiram  grew  to  manhood  in  Ohio  and  married 
Miss  Mary  Ann,  daughter  of  Abel  Pickering,  of  Va.  In  A])ril, 
1860,  he  came  and  settled  in  Farmers'  tp. ;  in  1852  he  removed  to 
Vermont  tp.  His  children  are  Susannah,  Elva,  Cordelia,  Flora, 
Franklin,  Oscar  and  Ellen. 

Geo.  \V.  Powell,  flirmer,  sec.  4,  was  born  in  Pickaway  Co.,  O., 
in  1821,  lived  during  his  youth  in  ;Menard  Co.,  111.,  obtaining  a  fair 
education  ;  then  labored  as  a  farm  hand  about  two  years  in  White- 
sides  Co.,  III. ;  then  in  Fulton  Co.  awhile  in  the  same  capacity.  In 
1850  he  bought  100  acres  of  unimproved  land  ;  in  1852  he  mar- 
ried Elizabeth  Abernathy,  daughter  of  Charles  A.,  one  of  the  older 
pioneers  of  the  county.  He  worked  hard,  managed  well,  bought 
more  land  and  continued  to  prosper  until  the  present  time.  Milem 
and  Albert  are  his  children. 

Joseph  D.  Powell,  flirmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  4  ;  P.  O.,  Table 
Grove;  born  in  Pickaway  Co.,  0.,in  1827.  His  father,  Samuel  P., 
was  born  in  Virginia,  moved  first  to  Kentucky,  then  to  Ohio,  where 
he  married  Elizabeth  Alptire,  by  whom  he  had  12  children,  Joseph 
being  the  voungest  but  one ;  the  familv  emigrated  tti  Menard  Co., 
111.,  in  the  fjill  of  1827;  Mr.  Samuel  P.  dealt  in  stock,  increased 
his  property,  and  was  Road  Commissioner  for  the  Springfield  and 
Havana  road;  he  died  in  1835.  Mrs.  P.  died  in  1856.  Joseph 
settled  in  this  county  in  his  18th  year;  in  1849  he  married  Caroline 
Baughman,  daughter  of  Daniel  B.,  a  Virginian.  He  now  owns  480 
acres  of  land  and  a  valuable  farm  residence.  He  has  withal 
been  correspondingly  generous,  contributing  largely  to  Abingdon 
College,  Knox  Co.,  and  to  the  construction  of  the  Rushville  branch 
of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  R.  R. 

Win.  Prorine,  miller,  was  born  in  Clark  Co.,  Ind.,  a  son  of  A\  ra. 
and  Mary  Provine.  Wm.  P.,  sen.,  was  a  native  of  Tennessee,  but 
early  came  to  Kentucky,  where  he  married  Mary  Buchanan,  and  in 
1803  emigrated  to  Indiana  where  he  was  county  surveyor.  Wil- 
liam, in  1836,  settled  in  Macomb,  111.,  where  he  worked  three  years 
at  his  trade  as  cal)inet-maker.  In  1838  he  married  Paulina  Scott, 
daughter  of  Martin  Scott,  of  Ky.  In  1847  he  moved  to  Vermont 
and  engaged  in  wool-carding  fora  short  time,  and  then  for  10  years 
he  was'connccted  with  Isaac  Witchell  and  Jesse  Burr  in  the  build- 
ing and  running  of  a  saw-mill  ;  then  he  was  a  merchant  at  Abing- 
don a  short  time,  then  back  to  Vermont,  and  in  ccunpany  with 
Stevens  &  Winans  remodeled  and  ran  the  Excelsior  Mills  (now  the 
Monitor).  In  1858  he  went  to  Tennessee,  111.,  then  to  Bushnell, 
then  back  to  Vermont,  then  assisted  in  building  the  flouring  mill  at 
Astoria  now  owned  by  Wm.  Kost.  Of  the  11  children  born  to  him 
7  are  living. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY,  927 

Win.  Ranl-in,  retired  farmer,  Vermont ;  was  born  in  York  Co., 
Pa.,  May  10,  ISOG,  son  of  John  and  Martha  Rankin,  who  moved 
to  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  when  AVm.  was  in  his  7th  year;  the  kitter 
worked  a  short  time  as  a  miller;  he  married  Miss  Sarali,  danghter 
of  Robert  and  Martha  fiercer,  and  they  have  had  13  ehildren.  In 
1847  the  family  settled  in  this  township,  near  where  Vermont  now 
is;  some  years  afterward  he  bought  35  aeres  of  land,  which  he  has 
subsequently  increased  to  a  much  greater  amount  and  is  now  in 
affluence.  Children  —  John,  Rhodes,  Jane  (dec),  ^lartha,  who 
married  Charles  Branson,  of  Woodland  tp.,  Olive  (?)  A.,  who 
married  Wm.  Hall;  Alice,  who  married  Henry  Taylor,  Emily  (dec.), 
Julia  A.  (dee.),  James  (dec.)  and  Charles  D. 

Elias  Ring  was  born  in  Chester  Co.,  Penn.,  in  1831,  where  he 
received  a  liberal  education  and  resided  the  greater  portion  of  his 
life  in  Vermont  tj). ;  in  1872  he  married  INIattie  M.,  daughter  of 
Henry  Bailey,  of  Belmont  Co.,  O. ;  in  1873  he  purchased  the  town 
property  he  now  owns,  including  the  millinery  establishment  pre- 
sided over  by  Mrs.  Ring,  and  the  wagon  shops  of  Adams  &  Sexton, 
and  he  rents  also  the  photograph  gallery  of  Samuel  Murphy.  Mrs. 
R.'s  millinery  business  is  unequaled  in  Vermont. 

Joseph  RobinHon,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  1 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava. 
Thomas  Robinson,  his  father,  was  a  native  of  Penn.,  a  farmer,  who 
married  Anna  Branson,  of  the  same  State,  and  of  their  6  children 
Joseph  was  the  eldest,  being  born  in  1813  in  Chester  Co.,  Pa.  The 
family  emigrated  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1841,  settling  on  a  quarter  of 
sec.  *1,  Vermont  tp.  The  father  died  in  his  60th  year,  and  the 
mother  survived  him  a  year.  In  1845  Joseph  married  Ruth  Bogue, 
daughter  of  Jonathan  B.  Mary,  the  wife  of  Palmer  Meredith,  in 
this  township,  is  their  only  child. 

Elder  J.  B.  Roi/df,  minister  of  the  Christian  Church,  was  born  in 
Franklin  Co.,  O.,  Nov.  1,  1816;  his  father,  Thos.  Royal,  was  born 
in  Manchester,  Eng.,  and  came  to  America  near  the  beginning  of  the 
Revolutionary  war  and  fought  for  American  independence;  he  sub- 
sequently married  a  Miss  Cooper  in  \'irginia,  raised  a  family,  and 
after  her  death  he  married  Rebecca  Matthews ;  then  moved  to 
Franlin  Co.,  O.,  where  the  second  wife  died,  leaving  one  child  ;  he 
afterward  married  Ellen  Brink,  by  whom  he  had  one  son, —  Joseph, 
whose  name  heads  this  sketch.  In  1824  they  came  to  Sangamon 
Co.,  111.  Aug.  19,  1841,  Joseph  married  Louisa  Downing,  in  San- 
gamon Co.,  who  died  Jan.  8,  1853,  in  Vermont,  111.,  leaving  4 
children  (2  died  young).  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Royal  have  3  children, — 
Geo.  A.,  Mollie  M. ;  and  Eugene  D.,  who  married  Emma  S.  Sex- 
ton. Joseph  B.  has  formerly  been  pastor  of  the  Christian  Church 
here,  and  has  been  in  the  ministry  32  years. 

Charles  Russell,  sec.  11,  is  among  the  more  prominent  farmers  of 
Vermont  township. 

Jame.s  A.  Russell,  a  pioneer  merchant  of  Vermont,  is  a  native  of 
Alexandria,  Va.,  where  he  was  born  in.  1819.     He  first  studied  civil 


928  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

engineering,  then  followed  the  sea  for  a  time,  then  was  civil  engin- 
eer in  Terre  Haute,  assisting  in  the  survey,  location  and  building  of 
the  Wabash  Canal,  in  1840  settled  in  Vermont,  followed  farming, 
and  finally  mercantile  business.  He  married  ^liss  Elizabeth  John- 
son, of  New  York,  in  1846.  Of  their  7  children  5  are  living,  viz: 
Frank,  who  married  Miss  Ida  Sturges  and  lives  in  Peoria;  Oscar 
H.,  a  partner  of  his  father  in  the  drug  business;  Lula,  Eva  and 
Charley. 

John  Searl,  farmer  and  minister,  sec.  19;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  was 
born  in  Campbell  Co.,  Ky.,  son  of  James  Searl,  a  native  of  Steuben 
Co.,  N.  Y.,  and  who  married  Anna  Mayall  in  Ky. ;  in  1834  emi- 
grated to  Sangamon  Co.,  111.,  with  an  ox  team,  and  next  year  set- 
tled in  Vermont  tp. ;  he  died  May  10,  1852,  and  his  wife  April  7, 
1870.  John  was  in  his  third  year  when  his  parents  settled  in  Ful- 
ton Co.;  was  liberally  educated  as  he  grew  uj);  in  1849  he  married 
Rebecca  Parrish,  daughter  of  Enoch  Parrish  ;  in  1878  was  licensed 
by  the  M.  E.  Church  to  preach.  His  living  children  are:  Emma, 
Nancy,  Jasper  E.,  Elizabeth  and  Aldia  B.  He  has  148  acres  of 
land. 

George  Shaver,  farmer,  sec.  12;  P.  O.,  Ipava  ;  born  in  Penn.  in 
1816  ;  his  father,  a  Penn.  farmer,  married  Mary  Glass,  of  New  Jer- 
sey, and  they  had  10  children,  George,  the  youngest;  March  8, 
1838,  he  married  Margaret  IMcEliianey,  daughter  of  AV^m.  and 
Catharine  McE.,  and  they  had  9  children,  of  whom  6  are  living, — 
Kate,  Camelia,  Ann,  Maggie,  John  and  Samuel.  In  1846  this 
fiimily  emigrated  to  this  county,  settling  near  Bernadotte,  but  the 
following  autumn  he  located  permanently  in  Vermont  tp.  Jan.  9, 
1873,  Mrs.  S.  died,  and  Jan.  23,  1876,  Mr.  S.  married  Miss  Mary, 
daughter  of  John  Matthewson,  of  Vermont. 

E.  Sidwell,  grain  dealer  and  shipper,  A^ermont,  was  born  in  Bel- 
mont Co.,0.,  Nov.,  1828;  in  1839  he  accompanied  his  father,  Thos. 
Sidwell,  to  this  tp.,  who  gained  considerable  re})utation  as  an  agri- 
culturist and  sheep-raiser,  and  died  in  1870.  His  wife's  maiden 
name  was  P^lizabeth  Polk,  and  she  died  in  1845.  El  wood  S.,  the 
subject  of  this  i)iography,  grew  to  manhood  in  this  county,  followed 
farming  for  many  years,  and  in  1850  entered  business  with  Cephas 
Tolaiul  and  John  S.  Douglas ;  in  6  years  the  style  of  the  firm  was 
changed  to  Sidwell  &  Kelly,  which  continued  3  years.  Mr.  S.  was 
then  in  business  at  Odin,  111.,  awhile,  and  in  1868  returned  to  Ver- 
mont, engaged  in  mercantile  pursuits  for  a  time,  and  then  with  Wm. 
Provine  bought  an  interest  in  the  old  East  Mill.  He  now  con- 
ducts the  grain  elevator,  which  has  a  capacity  of  12,000  bushels. 
He  married  Miss  Mary  Anderson  of  Fulton  Co.,  daughter  of  Rob- 
ert Anderson,  of  Kentucky.  They  have  one  child,  Mrs.  S.  died 
in  1871  ;  and  in  1875  he  married  Mrs.  Anna  Swazey,  daughter  of 
Dr.  Owens,  of  McDonough  Co. 

Robert  Smith,  sec.  1  ;  P.O.,  Ipava;  was  born  in  Cass  county.  111., 
in  1855;  his  father,  Daniel  Smith,  was  a  native  of  England,  who  was 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  929 

well  educated  and  came  to  this  country  in  an  early  day,  locating  in 
Cass  Co.,  where  he  was  a  farmer  and  finally  died.  ^Irs.  S.  subse- 
quently married  a  Mr.  Biggs,  and  is  still  living.  Robert  came  to 
Fulton  county  in  1871,  and  in  1.S73  married  Electa  Brown  in  Pleas- 
ant township,  a  daughter  of  Capt.  Brown,  of  Ipava.  Has  had  two 
children, — Charles  E.  and  Calvin,  the  latter  deceased. 

C.  \V.  Sperry,  manufacturer  of  fine  boots  and  shoes,  Vermont, 
was  born  in  Ohio;  in  that  State  and  New  York  he  learned  his  trade; 
in  1869  he  married  Docia  Moore,  a  daughter  of  Thos.  J.  Moore  of 
Virginia;  came  to  Vermont  in  1870;  has  had  3  children, — Dewitt 
beiniT  the  onlv  one  now  liviny;. 

■  Charles  G.  Stafford,  farmer,  sec.  12;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  was  born 
in  Appinoy,  R,  I.,  in  1815,  which  place  was  also  the  native  place 
of  his  father,  Thomas  R.,  a  sailor;  of  his  9  children  7  are  living; 
Charles  married  Mary  P.  Burress,  daughter  of  John  R.  Burress,  in 
Providence;  worked  princially  at  carpentering;  in  1856  he  settled 
in  this  township;  owns  193  acres  of  land;  is  a  farmer,  and  has  suc- 
ceeded well;  of  his  9  children  these  4  are  living:  Willard,  Sarah, 
Salina  and  Corrilla, — all  married  except  the  last.  Mrs.  S.  died 
Aug.  1,  1878. 

Benj.  Stevens,  farmer,  sec.  8;  P.  O.,  Vermont;  was  born  in  Phil- 
adelphia in  1812;  married  Maria  Dennis,  daughter  of  Archibald 
D.,  of  Cumberland  Co.,  Pa.  Their  only  child,  Sarah  A.,  died  in 
1844.  Mr.  Benj.  Stevens  was  reared  on  a  farm,  but  also  worked  at 
carpentering  some ;  moved  to  Steubenville,  O.,  where  he  followed 
his  trade  for  18  years ;  then  was  3  years  in  Iowa,  and  then  (1872)  he 
settled  in  Vermont,  but  he  now  has  a  home  on  a  farm. 

Wm.  Stoops,  agriculturist,  sec.  10;  P.  O.,  Vermont  Michael 
Stoops,  a  native  of  Penn.  and  a  farmer,  early  settled  in  Ohio,  and  in 
his  Nth  year  married  Ellen  Van  Sickle.  They  had  9  children,  the 
eldest  of  whom  was  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  born  Jan.,  1815,  in 
Hamilton  county,  O.  Mr.  Michael  Stoops,  in  1836,  came  to  Ful- 
ton county.  In  early  day  Mr.  Stoops  suffered  the  extreme  privations 
of  frontier  life.  The  first  two  winters  the  bill  of  fare  for  the  family 
was  hominy  and  venison;  the  wife's  dress"  linsey-woolsey;  the 
man's,  buckskin.  They  had  to  get  their  groceries  in  Lewistown  on 
credit,  and  that  was  very  dilficult.  Milling  was  almost  impossible 
and  the  noted  grater  had  to  be  used.  Mr.  Wm.  Stoops'  first  wife 
was  Hannah  Lyndsay,  who  died  Jan.  33,  1852:  they  had  8  children. 
His  second  wife  was  a  Miss  Keziah  Clark,  who  died  Dec.  28,  1860: 
they  had  5  children.  His  third  wife,  now  living,  was  Mr.  Mar- 
garet Wentworth,  of  Kentucky,  daughter  of  W'ni.  Hannah.  They 
were  married   in  1862  and  their  children  are  4. 

Geo.  Swarf z,  cabinet-maker  and  joiner,  is  a  native  of  Vermont,  is 
yet  a  young  man,  but  is  one  of  the  most  live  business  men  in  the 
village,  and  one  of  the  best  workmen  in  the  county.  He  is  asso- 
ciated with  his  mother  and  brother  in  the  cabinet  factory  at  Ver- 
mont. He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Emma  Wors  lell,  of 
Vermont,  in  1875.     They  have  one  child,  a  bright  little  girl. 


930  HISTORY   OF   FtTLTON   COUNTY. 

S.  J.  Swarfz  &  Son,  manufacturers  of  furniture  and  upholstery, 
and  undertakers.  About  the  year  1844  Benj.  Swartz,  a  chair-maker, 
of  Northumberland  Co.,  Pa.,  began  business  as  a  cabinet  and  chair- 
maker  in  Vermont,  with  a  capital  of  75  cents;  but  in  one  year  he 
was  able  to  return  to  Penn.  and  marry  Miss  Sarah  Hamer,  sister  of 
Col.  Hamer,  of  Vermont.  Coming  back  to  this  place  he  pursued 
his  calling  and  made  money  ;  although  very  generous  he  accumu- 
lated a  great  deal.  He  died  Nov.  27,  1875,  and  Mrs.  Swartz  took 
charge  of  the  property,  under  the  firm  name  above  given.  They 
conduct  a  very  successful  business.  The  survivors  of  the  family 
are  7  in  number.  The  G  children  are,  John  H.,  a  member  of  the 
firm ;  George,  who  married  Miss  Emma  Worsdell,  of  Vermont,  and 
has  one  child ;  Nellie  M. ;  Margaret  C. ;  Anna  M.  and  Ida  E. 
Sarah  F.  is  deceased. 

Benjamin  Taylor,  physician  and  surgeon,.  Vermont,  was  born  in 
Chester  Co.,  Pa.,  April  5,  1829;  his  father,  Benjamin  T.,  was  also 
a  native  of  Penn.,  and  a  farmer  by  occupation,  who  married  Miss 
Hannah  Richardson,  and  had  13  children,  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
being  the  youngest;  he  came  to  Vermont  in  1850  and  purchased  a 
piece  of  land ;  but  he  concluded  to  study  medicine,  which  he 
did  under  Dr.  Clark,  of  Rushville,  and  afterward  became  his  part- 
ner, soon  attaining  prosperitv-  In  1853  he  married  Marietta  Clark, 
by  whom  he  had  9  children;  she  died  in  1868,  and  Oct.  21,  1869, 
the  doctor  married  Gabriella  Gilson,  daughter  of  Wm.  G.,  of  this 
State;  of  this  marriage  6  children  are  born,  5  of  whom  are  living. 
He  is  a  relative  of  the  late  Bayard  Taylor,  the  traveler,  historian, 
poet  and  U.  S.  Minister. 

D.  ir.  Ten  Eych,  druggist,  Vermont,  came  to  this  place  from 
Havana  in  February,  1877,  bought  out  the  stock  and  business  of 
T.  J.  Crail  at  an  assignee's  sale,  and  since  then  has  been  doing  well. 
He  has  had  11  years'  experience  in  his  business,  and  is  careful  and 
reliable. 

Thomas  &  Vermillion,  brick-makers,  Vermont.  As  early  as  1855 
Mr.  Thomas  followed  brick-making,  being  employed  by  Mr.  Glower; 
in  1869  he  formed  a  partnersiiip  in  the  business  with  Horace  Miner, 
and  after  several  changes  in  the  style  of  the  firm,  he  entered  into 
partnersiiip  in  1876  with  Ret.  P.  D.  Vermillion.  They  have  ship- 
ped as  many  as  400,000  brick  in  one  year. 

George  C.  Thomas,  farmer  and  stock-rai.ser,  sec.  2 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava ; 
born  in  Fulton  Co.,  in  1844.  His  father,  Wm.  Thomas,  was  born  in 
Washington  Co.,  Pa.,  in  1800,  and  was  brought  uj)  a  farmer;  moved 
to  Ohio;  in  1832,  married  Eliza  Dobbins,  daughter  of  Boyd  Dob- 
bins, a  native  of  Virginia;  came  to  Vermont  tp.  in  1835;  he  and 
his  wife  are  still  living.  They  had  8  children,  7  of  whom  are  living, 
— Melissa,  Martha,  William*  Thomas,  Erastus,  George  C,  and 
Leander.  George  is  the  only  one  residing  on  the  old  homestead.  In 
1864  he  married   Rebecca  Beers,  daughter  of  Samuel  and  Phoebe 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  931 

(Allen)  Beers,  and  has  had  5  children,  4  of  whom  are  living, — Charles 
E.,  Jabez  B.,  Lillian  (deceased)  Delia  and  Marion  G. 

R.  T.  Thomafi,  farmer,  sec.  23 ;  P.  O.,  Ipava.  Wm,  A.  Thomas 
was  an  Ohio  farmer  who  married  Eliza  Dobbins  and  had  8  children, 
and  settled  in  Vermont  in  1.S29,  Those  old  people  still  live  here. 
Robert  T.,  their  fourth  child,  was  born  in  this  tp.  in  1839  ;  enlisted 
in  Co.  H,  28th  111.  Inf.,  re-eidisted  as  a  veteran,  and  at  the  close  of 
the  war  was  honorably  discharged.  In  1867  he  married  Mrs. 
Elizabeth  Koons,  widow  of  James  Koons  and  daughter  of  Abram 
Kost,  and  they  have  had  5  children,  3  of  whom  are  living, — Hattie 
M.,  Arzula  and  Mary. 

Hiram  S.  T/iomns,  postmaster,  Vermont,  was  born  in  1814  in 
Adams  Co.,  Pa.  His  father,  Isaac  Thomas,  was  a  farmer,  in  limited 
circumstances,  and  Hiram  was  brought  up  to  hard  work.  Although 
he  did  not  attend  school  after  he  was  14  years  of  age,  his  native  good 
judgment  has  enabled  him  to  school  himself  successfully  in  the  prac- 
tical affairs  of  life.  In  1824  the  family  emigrated  to  Ohio,  and  in 
1843  Mr.  Hiram  S.,  then  a  man  of  a  family,  emigrated  to  this  tp. 
He  first  was  a  tailor  by  occujiation,  but  in  1843  he  began  to  lecture 
on  temperance,  and  continued  with  great  success  for  manv  years. 
He  stumped  the  State  for  the  temiierance  party  in  1848,  and  was 
nominated  by  the  party  for  the  Legislature.  In  1861  Vermont  had 
grown  to  some  importance  as  a  commercial  center,  and  Mr.  T.  was 
appointed  Postmaster,  which  position  ho  iias  ever  since  filled  except 
for  a  short  period,  with  satisfiiction  to  the  public.  While  Mr.  T.'s 
temperance  principles  prevail  in  Vermont  so  that  there  are  no  sa- 
loons there,  he  has  otherwise  done  much  for  the  business  interests  of 
the  place.  In  Lidiana,  in  1843,  he  married  Mary  Witchell,  daughter 
of  John  and  Bathshoba  W.,  of  Ohio.  Cordelia  and  Edwin  are  their 
children,  the  former  station  agent  at  Vermont  and  the  latter  the 
wife  of  Dr.  Parker,  of  Ipava. 

Cephas  To/and,  retired  merchant,  was  born  in  Washington  Co., 
Pa.,  in  1816.  His  father,  James  T.,  also  a  native  of  Pa.,  a  farmer, 
married  Margaret  McWhirtcr,  who  died  when  Cephas  was  in 
his  6th  year.  The  latter  then  lived  with  an  uncle  until  14  years 
old,  when  he  for  years  followed  the  tannery  business.  Fire  destroyed 
his  establishment  in  Alexandria,  Va.  He  came,  in  1840,  to  McDon- 
ough  Co.,  111.,  where  he  taught  school,  and  the  following  year  he 
commenced  business  in  a  tannery  in  Vermont,  and  then  with  Enos 
Moneyhon  in  this  place  he  entered  the  dry-goods  and  grocery  busi- 
ness;  they  dissolved  partnorshij)  in  a  few  months,  and  Mr.  T.  en- 
tered partnershi))  with  J.  H.  Hughes  and  W.  B.  Wright  in  the  same 
business,  adding  the  grain  trade,  and  after  some  time  Mr.  T.  became 
a  partner  of  John  Shaffer,  located  at  Sharpe's  Landing,  and  did  a 
large  business  shipping  grain.  The  warehouse  burned  down,  and 
Mr.  T.  went  into  the  stock  trade  and  succeeded  well.  In  1866  he 
became  a  member  of  the  firm  of  Toland,  Sidwell  &  Douglas,  Ver- 
mont, and  three  years  afterward  retired  to  a  farm  of  320  acres  which 


932  .  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

he  had  previously  purchased.     He  married   America  Anderson  in 
Vermont,  in  1843. 

Dr.  W.  II.  Xance  was  born  in  Floyd  Co.,  Indiana,  Dec.  24th, 
1814,  a  son  of  William  Nance.  He  married  Miss  Susan,  daughter 
of  Joal)  and  Hannah  Lane,  April  14th,  1836,  and  the  same  year 
moved  with  his  parents  to  Columbus,  Adams  Co.,  Ills.  He  studied 
medicine  under  the  care  of  Dr.  D.  G.  Stewart  of  New  Albany,  Ind., 
but  did  not  complete  a  full  course  of  study  till  after  moving  to 
Illinois.  In  the  urgent  demand  for  physicians  at  that  time  in  Illi- 
nois, he  entered  into  a  full  practice  without  graduating,  and  contin- 
ued for  several  years;  but  in  the  year  1848  entered  the  Medical  De- 
partment of  the  University  of  Missouri,  located  in  St.  Louis,  and 
in  1849  graduated,  and  again  resumed  his  practice  in  Vermont,  Ills., 
where  he  had  resided  for  some  years  previously.  For  many  years 
he  enjoyed  an  enviable  reputation  as  a  practitioner,  and  in  the 
course  of  his  arduous  labors  succeeded  in  accumulating-  a  verv  com- 
fortable  living.  His  father,  William  Nance,  was  a  native  of  Vir- 
ginia, brought  up  on  a  farm  in  that  State,  and  about  the  year  1802 
or  1803  was  married  to  Miss  Nancy  Smith  of  Rockingham  Co.,  N. 
C.  Soon  after  this  they  moved  to  Kentucky  and  remained  one 
year,  and  then  crossed  the  Ohio  into  the  dense  wild  forests  of  In- 
diana Territory,  and  settled  near  the  foot  of  the  falls  of  the  Ohio 
river,  a  short  distance  below  where  the  City  of  New  Albany  now 
stands.^  In  1811  William  Nance  was  a  volunteer  under  Gen.  Har- 
rison (at  that  time  Governor  of  the  Territory)  in  his  campaign 
against  the  Indians,  and  was  in  the  noted  battle  of  Tipj)acanoe. 
In  1836  he  came  to  Adams  Co.,  Ills,,  where  he  died  in  his  68th 
year,  while  Mrs.  Nance  lived  to  the  good  old  age  of  82  years. 

Dr.  Nance  retired  from  active  practice  in  1862  on  account  of  ser- 
ious injuries  received  by  a  fall  from  a  buggy,  and  is  now  with  his 
good  lady  and  youngest  daughter  enjoying  the  comforts  of  a  retired 
life,  after  the  heat  and  burdens  and  cares  and  responsibilities  of  an 
active  professional  career  have  disappeared  in  the  distance. 

JoHepli  Vaughn,  farmer,  sec.  24 ;  P.  O.,  Ij)ava ;  was  born  in 
Washington  Co,,  Pa.,  in  1808.  His  father,  Jas.  Vaughn,  Mas  also 
born  in  Penn.,  and  married  Mary  Schneider,  by  whom  he  had  10 
children,  Joseph  being  the  eldest  but  one.  When  the  latter  was 
about  11  vears  of  ajje  the  familv  moved  to  Ohio,  and  four  vears 
afterward  to  A^irginia,  where  Joseph  married  Lavina  Huff, 
daughter  of  John  HuH''.  To  those  were  born  9  ciiildren.  Mrs.  V. 
died  in  1863,  and  in  1865  Mr.  V.  married  Mrs.  Margaret  Mitchell, 
daughter  of  Robert  Robinson  and  relict  of-  John  Mitchell.  Of 
their  five  children  four  are  living, — Mervin,  Sarah,  Lauriette  and 
Robert, 

Isaac  Walker,  farmer,  sec.  17;  P.  O.,  Vermont.  Jesse  Walker, 
the  father,  was  born  in  Ohio,  and  followed  teaming  over  the  Alle- 
ghanics;  he  married  Mary  Wyant  in  Penn.,  by  whom  he  had  7 
children.     Isaac,  the  third,  was  born  in  Penn.  in  1838;  about  1852 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  933 

he  came  with  the  family  to  this  tp. ;  a  portion  of  the  time,  however, 
since  then  he  has  resided  in  Henry  Co.;  in  1861  lie  married 
Matilda  Brock,  daughter  of  Thos.  H.  Brock,  of  Ohio,  by  whom  he 
has  3  children, — Laura  E.,  Dora  B.  and  Charley. 

\V.  D.  Walker,  farmer  and  small-fruit-grower,  was  born  in  1830 
in  Penn.,  in  which  StaiC  his  father,  S.  B.  W.,  was  also  born  and 
pursued  the  occupation  of  fuller.  Mr.  S.  B.  married  Nancy  For- 
syth, and  6  children  were  born  to  them,  \Vm.  D.,  the  subject  of 
this  sketch,  being  the  fourth.  Just  before  he  was  21  he  came  afoot 
to  LaSalle  Co.,  111.,  but  in  a  year  returned  to  Ohio,  and  married 
Sarah  Stover,  daughter  of  John  and  Sarah  Stover,  of  Pa.  In  1858 
he  emigrated  to  Vermont  tp.  He  has  had  3  children,  —  Amos 
(died  in  infancy),  Katy,  who  married  Samuel  A.  Walker,  of  Mc- 
Donough  Co.,  and  resides  at  Table  Grove. 

E.  G.  Webster,  head  salesman  for  J.  &  H.  Mershon,  was  born  in 
Virginia  in  1812,  passed  his  boyhood  in  Kentucky,  where  he  ob- 
tained a  good  education  and  married  Sarah  A.,  daughter  of  John 
Lawson  ;  in  1850  he  came  to  Vermont  and  was  immediately  em- 
ployed by  Joab  Mershon  as  salesman  of  dry  goods,  which  j)osition 
he  has  held  ever  since, — a  fact  which  speaks  volumes  for  Mr. 
Webster's  integrity.  He  has  had  11  children,  7  of  whom  are  living, 
namely,  J.  W.  and  Luella,  residents  of  Kansas;  Sarah  E.,  at  Mi- 
nonk.  111. ;  Minerva,  at  Elgin,  111. ;  Emma  C,  John  and  Edward 
in  Vermont.     The  last  named  is  now  studying  medicine  at  Keokuk. 

/.  H.  Welch,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  21  ;  P.  O.,  Vermont; 
was  born  in  Fulton  Co.  in  1834;  his  father,  T.  J.  Welsh,  was  a 
native  of  Virginia;  in  1855  he  married  Rachel  Knock,  daughter 
of  Rev.  Wm.  Knock,  and  they  have  5  children,  viz  :  Wm.  J.,  Maria 
E.,  Laura,  Freddie  and  Affie  G. 

Geo.  Whitney,  merchant,  Vermont,  was  born  in  1835,  in  Henni- 
ker,  N.  H. ;  remained  on  the  farm  with  his  father,  Asa  Whitney, 
until  his  19th  year,  when  he  came  to  Springfield,  111.,  where  he 
commenced  on  the  Wabash  railroad  as  brakeman,  and  was  promoted 
to  the  position  of  baggageman  and  finally  conductor;  in  1803  he 
entered  business  with  Grover  Ayres,  a  leading  merchant  of  Spring- 
field, and  two  years  afterward  he  retired  from  the  dry-goods  busi- 
ness and  began  brick-making;  in  1871-6  he  was  passenger  con- 
ductor on  the  Rock  ford,  Rock  Island  &  St.  Louis  railroad,  and 
now  he  is  a  member  of  the  prospe"ous  dry-goods  firm  of  Ayres 
(Grover  Ayres)  &  Whitney,  Vermont. 

Lewis  Winans,  deceased,  was  the  son  of  M^ihlon  and  Elizabeth 
Winans.  He  was  born  in  Seneca  Falls,  N.  Y.,  April  21,  1826; 
was  brought  to  Illinois  in  1831,  and  ten  years  later  left  home  to  do 
for  himself  He  first  learned  the  wagon-making  trade  ;  he  (juit 
this  and  engaged  as  clerk  in  a  dry-goods  store  at  Canton.  In  1846 
he  embarked  in  business  at  Vermont  in  connection  with  H.  R. 
Smith.  Mr.  S.  was  killed  shortly  afterward  and  the  business  was 
settled  up,  and  Mr.  W.  entered  the  services  of  Mr.  Lynn  of  Ver- 


934  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

mont  as  clerk,  with  whom  he  remained  till  1849,  when,  in  company 
with  J.  H.  B.  Stevens  and  S.  Hcizer,  he  again  embarked  in  the 
mercantile  business.  In  the  fall  of  the  same  year  he  was  married 
to  Miss  Sarah  M.  Scott.  In  1867  he  engaged  in  business  at  Ver- 
mont alone,  and  continued  until  Dec,  1874,  when,  on  account  of  ill- 
health,  he  retired  from  active  life,  and  July  9,  1875,  he  died.  He 
was  a  zealous  and  devout  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and 
a  man  loved  and  respected  by  all  who  knew  him.  Mrs.  Winans 
resides  at  Galesburg.  Their  children  living  are  Ross,  who  lives  at 
Canton,  Fannie,  the  wife  of  Esquire  J.  R.  Rothraan,  Table  Grove, 
Myron,  Lou,  Henry,  George  and  Charlie. 

Keziah  11  ooc/,  farmer,  sec.  25;  P.  O.,  Ipava ;  was  born  in  Harri- 
son Co.,  O.,  in  1814,  son  of  Robert  Wood,  a  native  of  Va.,  a  far- 
mer, who  married  Mary  Kester  and  had  13  children ;  Keziah  was 
the  10th;  was  reared  in  Ohio,  a  Quaker;  married  Mary,  daughter 
of  John  S.  Kinsev,  and  has  had  3  children,  Elizabeth  onlv  surviv- 
ing,  who  married  Henry  Phillips.  Mr.  Wood  came  to  this  tp.  in 
1846,  buying  60  acres  of  land :  he  now  owns  130  acres,  well  im- 
proved. 

Granville  Wright,  agriculturist  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  8;  P.O., 
Table  Grove;  born  in  Overton  Co.,  Tenn.,  in  1820.  Jonathan 
Wright,  his  father,  was  a  native  of  North  Carolina,  a  wheelwright 
at  first,  afterwards  farmer;  he  married  Jane  Berry,  a  daughter  of 
Wm.  Berry,  of  Abingdon,  Va.,  and  had  6  children,  of  whom  Gran- 
ville was  the  eldest.  About  1829  thefauiily  moved  to  Montgomery 
Co.,  Ind.,  and  in  1836  to  this  tp.,  purchasing  and  settling  upon  160 
acres  of  land.  In  1846  he  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  M.  Curr, 
daugiiter  of  Amaziah  Curr,  by  whom  lie  had  6  children,  4  now  liv- 
ing and  in  this  county.  Mrs.  W.  died  in  1860,  and  the  next  year 
Mr.  W.  married  Miss  Amazinda,  daughter  of  James  Fonton,  and 
of  this  marriage  there  were  two  children.  This  wife  died  in  1868, 
and  Mr.  W.  married  Lucy  M.  Kinney,  daughter  of  R.  W.  Upson. 
They  had  one  child,  who  died  Dec.  16,  1876.  Mr  W.  now  owns 
320  acres  of  valuable  land  in  this  tp.,  and  380  in  McDonough  Co., 
and  is  a  prominent  stock-dealer.  He  has  never  sought  office,  but 
has  been  School  Trustee. 

Josiah  Zoll,  farmer,  was  born  in  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  in  1810,  son  of 
Peter  Zoll,  a  native  of  Maryland;  his  mother's  maiden  name  was 
Catharine  Wintcrbaker.  He  learned  and  followed  the  tanner's 
trade.  In  1832  he  married  Ruth  Crothers,  and  two  years  later  he 
came  and  settled  in  tliis  tp.  Here  he  toiled  through  many  a  tedious 
year,  but  with  great  success,  as  he  is  now  able  to  take  up  his  resi- 
dence in  town  and  enjoy  for  the  remainder  of  his  days  the  fruits  of 
his  labor. 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY 


935 


TOWNSHIP    OFFICIALS. 


The  following  is  a  list  of  the  township  officials  serving  since  the 
organization  of  the  township,  together  with  the  years  of  serving: 


SUPERVISORS. 


Thomas  Hamer 18-50 

Jesse  Burr 18.31-52 

Jesse  Cox 1853-56 

Thomas  Hamer  18)7 

H.  L.  Rose 1858 

Eleazar  Kirkbride 185!)-61 

Jesse  Cox 1862 

John  Fleming  186r> 

Eleazar  Kirkbride  1864 


Cephas  Tohmd 1865 

Eleazar  Kirkbride 1866-67 

Wm.   H.  Nance 1868-69 

Patterson  Hamer 1870-72 

Wm.  H.  Nance 1S73 

Robert  Dilworth 1874 

Evan  Bailey 1875 

RoI)ert  Dilworth 1876 

William  Mellor 1877-79 


TOWN     CLERKS. 


Lewis  E.  Kellv 1850-55 

John  H.  Hunter 18.56 

A.  J.  Herron 1857 

Thomas  Mellor 18.58 

A.  M.  Ruble 18.i9 

R.  M.  Scott ISliO 

A.  M.   Ruble 1861 

A.  0.  Bruner  1862 

Robert  Mathewson 1862 


Martin  Mercer 1863 

John  H.  Hunter 1864 

Wm.  Griffin 1865 

Wm.  Mellor 1866 

John  H.  Hunter 1S67-68 

William  Mellor 1869 

Samuel  H.  Speer 1870 

C.  L.  Wann  1871 

Joiin  A.  Webster 1872-79 


ASSESSORS. 


Jas.  W.  Kelly 1850 

Evan  Bailey 1851 

G.  F.  Henclrickson 1852 

Evan  B  liley 18-53-54 

Cephas  Toland 18-55 

Evan  Bailey 18.')()-60 

Godfrey  Sheeler 1861-62 

Al)ram  K(jst 1863 

Godfrey  Sheeler 1864 

Josiah  ZoU 1865 


Ross  R.  Atherton 1866 

James  Dilworth  1867 

Samuel  R.  Speer 1868 

John  C.  Dobbins 1868 

Carither  Zoll 1870 

Joseph  D.  Powell 1871-72 

John  A.Webster 1873 

Joseph  ;M.  Argo 1874-75 

Jesse  Bogue 1876-78 

C.  B.  Cox  1879 


COLLECTORS. 


William  Kirbv 18-50 

0.  C.  P.  Smith 1851 

Evan  B.iiley 18.i2-53 

Thomas  Hamer 18.54 

Cephas  Toland 18.-)5 

Evan  Bailey 18.i6-60 

John  A.  Webster 18()l-62 

G.  Sheeler 1863 

1.  B.  Witchell  1864 

Wm.  Alexander 1865 

Wm.  Griffin 1865 

Samuel  R.  Speer 1866-67 


William  Mellor 1868 

Samuel  R.  Speer 1869 

David  A.  Beal 1870 

Andrew  B.  Kirkbride 1871 

Moses  C.  Mathewson 1872 

Wm.  Alexander 1873 

C.  B.  Cox  1874 

Samuel  M.  Trigley 1  75 

I.  B.  Witchell    ...'. 1876 

Godfrey  Sheeler 18/7 

David  Deobler 1878-79 


AVATERFORD  TOWNSHIP. 

Upon  the.  southeast  quarter  of  section  10  of  this  township  the 
first  permanent  setth'r  of  the  grand  old  county  of  Fulton  located. 
This  individual  was  John  Evelaud.  He  located  here  with  his  fami- 
ly in  1820.  We  speak  at  greater  length  of  Mr.  Eveland  and  his 
settlement  here  in  the  first  chapter,  and  refer  the  reader  to  that  in- 
stead of  repeating  the  account  here.  This  is  only  a  fractional  town- 
ship and  the  smallest  in  the  county  except  Ellisville  township. 
There  are  12,372  acres  of  land  in  Waterford,  5,995  of  which  are 
improved.  The  average  value  of  land  of  this  township  is  below 
that  of  any  other  in  the  county.  There  are,  however,  some  fine 
farms  and  enterprising  farmers  in  Waterford.  There  are  sev- 
eral very  interesting  mounds,  thrown  up  doubtless  by  the  pre-his- 
toric  Mound-Builders.  Some  of  these  have  yielded  some  rare  and 
interesting  relics.  There  are  in  the  township  322  horses,  284  cat- 
tle, 47  sheep,  and  668  hogs. 

WATERFORD. 

The  town  of  Waterford,  which  is  on  Spoon  river,  just  below 
where  John  Eveland  settled,  is  one  of  the  oldest  places  in  the  Mili- 
tary Tract.  It  was  laid  off  bv  John  Jackson  Mar.  24,  1825,  and  al- 
though  at  one  time  promised  to  become  quite  a  point,  never  grew 
to  any  prominent  position.  Few  cabins  are  all  that  mark  the  place 
of  Waterford  at  present. 

PERSONAL    SKETCHES. 

Elis  Bowman  was  born  in  Adams  Co.,  O.,  in  1823,  son  of  Joseph 
and  Sarah  (Swangum) ;  emigrated  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1835;  in  1849 
he  married  Sarah  Cox,  and  they  have  had  two  daughters  and  one 
son,  all  married.  Son  lost  his  wife  a  few  months  ago.  Coming  to 
this  section  in  the  early  time  that  Mr.  Bowman  did,  he  saw  pioneer 
life  in  all  its  phases.  He  has  seen  as  many  as  100  deer  in  one  gang ; 
has  killed  5  in  one  day. 

John  W.  Brechenridge  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1854,  and  is  engaged 
in  farming  upon  sec.  1  ;  was  born  in  Canada  July  18,  1836,  and  is 
the  son  of  John  and  Margaret  (Eaton)  B.  He  married  Adaline 
Preyir  in  1858,  who  bore  him  4  children, — 3  boys  and  1  girl — 2  of 
the  fitrmcr  only  are  living.  He  and  his  wife  are  both  members 
of  the  M.  E.  Church.  Mr.  B.  has  been  School  Director  12  years. 
Town  Clerk  6  vears,  etc. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  937 

Wm.  Dickson  was  born  in  Kentucky  April  17,  1826,  son  of 
Alexander  and  Mary  (Musett),  of  English  ancestry ;  came  to  Ful- 
ton Co.  in  1834;  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  1,  owning  400  acres;  in  1849 
he  married  Xancy  Jane  Arnett,  and  had  3  boys  and  1  girl ;  in  1873 
ho  married  M:iry  Ashby,  by  whom  he  has  had  '2  daughters.  Names : 
John  W.,  Charles  M.,  David  L.,  Anna  A.,  Minnie  M,  and  Francis 
C.  Mr.  Dickson  has  been  a  local  preacher  in  the  M.  E.  Church 
for  20  years. 

T.  li.  Gibncy  is  the  son  of  Henry  and  Sarah  Ann  (Franks)  G., 
both  natives  of  Penn.  Mr.  G.  is  the  owner  of  a  farm  on  sec.  6, 
Waterford  township.  In  1862  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  103d  111.  Inf., 
under  Capt.  Wriglit ;  was  in  26  battles.  He  was  struck  twice  by 
rebel  bullets  and  once  by  a  piece  of  a  shell  and  had  a  rib  broken  ; 
served  3  years.  He  was  in  every  battle  and  skirmish  the  103d  was 
except  one.  He  was  married  in  1860  to  Harriet  Davis.  They 
have  3  children  living :  Wm.  H.,  George  Warren  and  John  F. 

John  S.  Hardin  wsLS  born  in  North  Carolina  March  23,  1816,  son 
of  Richard  M.  and  Spicy  A.  (Lafo),  emigrated  to  this  county  Oct. 
11,1848,  settling  on  sec.  10;  this  township;  occupation  varied; 
Oct.  22,  1848,  he  married  Sarah  Hamilton,  and  they  have  had  6 
boys  and  6  girls;  has  300  acres  of  land. 

I).  M.  Jenkins,  born  in  Hamilton  county,  in  1832,  is  the  son  of 
Thomas  S.  and  Mary  A.  (Shelton),  the  latter  of  Kentucky,  the 
former  of  Tennessee;  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  2;  was  married  in  March, 
1859,  to  Mary  Jane  (Peterson)  ;  has  3  boys  and  2  girls  living;  father 
was  a  Methodist  preacher;  in  1862  he  enlisted  in  the  famous  103d, 
Co.  H,  and  was  discharged  August,  186."),  having  fought  the  battles 
of  Vicksburg,  ^lissionary  Ridge  and  Resaca,  and  wounded  in  the 
latter,  and  was  in  many  other  celebrated  engagements. 

Findley  Krugan  was  born  in  the  Buckeye  State  April  29,  1818, 
the  son  of  Joseph  and  Eleanor  (Bennett)  K.,  natives  of  Virginia; 
he  was  left  an  orphan  at  1 1  years  old,  and  never  attended  school ;  he 
is  a  farmer  on  sec.  4,  owning  260  acres.  In  1842  he  married  Maria 
Johnson;  of  their  12  children  8  are  living.  He  came  to  Fulton 
county  in  1840.  In  1862  he  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  103d  111.  Inf  ;  was 
wounded  at  Atlanta  and  discharged  in  1865. 

Samuel  Jackson,  farmer,  see.  2;  was  born  in  Tazewell  county,  111,, 
March  17,  1839;  his  parents  were  George  and  Sudner  (Tanner), 
natives  of  Virginia;  came  to  Fulton  county  in  1865;  July  8,  1862, 
he  enlisted  in  the  85th  Regt.,  Co.  A,  and  was  discharged  May  25, 
1865  ;  was  in  all  the  battles  of  his  Regt.  except  one.  Of  his  mar- 
riage in  1869  is  one  boy,  and  of  that  in  1878  one  girl. 

Wm.  P.  Miles,  was  born  in  this  tp.,  on  sec.'6,  July  12,  1854,  son 
of  Joseph  and  Isabel  (Porter)  ;  attended  the  Lewistown  high  scliool ; 
by  occupation  is  a  farmer.  March  6,  1868,  he  married  Ilattie  Eve- 
laud.     They  have  a  son. 

Ebenezer  Paul  was  born  in  Maine,  Aug.  8,  1807,  son  of  Joseph 
and  Hannah  (Roberts), also  natives  of  Maine;  in  1837  he  emigrated 


938  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

to  Fulton  county;  is  a  farmer  and  brickmaker;  owns  a  farm  on 
sec.  12,  3  east.  In  1828  he  married  Rachel  Elrod ;  of  his  11  child- 
ren only  2  are  ^irls :  Eliza  Jane,  born  March  27,  1834,  and  Mary 
F.,  Oct.  22,  1845,  both  married. 

John  Tidfe,  son  of  James  and  Sarah  (Cautrhrey),  was  born  in 
Pennsylvania,  Nov.  3,  1828  ;  father  a  native  of  Ireland  and  mother 
of  Penn.j-emip-ated  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1864;  was  a  carpenter  20 
years;  is  now  farming  on  sec.  4;  has  also  taught  school  some,  and 
been  a  local  M.  E.  Preacher  for  12  years;  in  1848  he  married  Cath- 
erine Martin,  and  they  have  had  3  boys  and  4  girls. 

David  Warner,  farmer,  sec.  1  ;  is  a  native  of  Madison  Co.,  O., 
where  he  was  born  April  2,  1815.  His  parents,  Charles  and  Chloe 
(Johnson)  Warner,  were  natives  of  Mass.  and  Conn.,  respectively. 
He  has  owned  and  run  two  saw-mills  for  10  years.  He  came  to 
Fulton  Co.  in  May,  1837,  and  has  lived  in  Waterford  township 
ever  since,  4  years  of  which  time  he  has  taught  school.  He  was 
the  first  Assessor  under  the  township  organization  and  has  been  for 
8  years  since.  School  Director  for  15  years,  and  Trustee  for  5.  He 
was  married  April  8,  '45,  to  Mary  Baudlc,  in  Cook  Co.  111.  They 
have  5  children  living  of  8  born  to  them.  Mr.  W.  is  a  member  of 
the  M.  E.  Church.  He  was  a  member  of  the  Presbyterian  Church 
for  30  years,  and  Superintendent  of  Sunday-school  for  that  long. 
He  is  now  Class-Leader. 

Samuel  Warner,  farmer,  was  born  in  Madison  Co.,  O.,  Xov.  G, 
1816,  the  son  of  Charles  and  Chloe  (Johnson)  W.  He  was  married 
to  Isabel  Heslep  in  1858.  Chloe  Belle  was  born  to  them  June  21, 
1860.  Mrs.  AV.  died  Feb.  22,  1873.  Mr.  W.  and  daughter  are 
members  of  the  Presbyterian  Church,  and  Mrs.  W.  was  before 
her  death.  His  daughter  is  a  graduate  of  the  High  School  at 
Lewistown. 

Louisa  William.'ion  was  born  in  P^rie  Co.,  X.  Y.,  in  1811.  Her 
parents  were  Samuel  and  Mary  (Waite)  ^letcalf.  She  was  married 
in  1838  to  Christopher  B.  Miles,  son  of  Jk^njamin  M.  Mrs.  W.'s 
parents  emigrated  to  Knox  Co.,  111.,  in  1835,  and  Louisa  was  mar- 
ried at  Knoxville  in  1838,  when  she  and  her  husband  came  to  Ful- 
ton Co.  He  died  on  his  farm,  sec.  6,  this  tp.,  in  1868.  In  1879 
she  was  married  to  David  K.  Williamson,  a  native  of  111. 

TOWNSHIP   OFFICIALS. 

The  following  gentlemen  have  served  the  township  since  its  or- 
ganization in  the  various  official  capacities  named  : 

SUPERVISORS. 

Thomas  S.  Jenkins 18n0-52  Benjamin  Prichard 1869 

Joseph  Miles ia53  Nathaniel  Porter 18^0-71 

Thomas  S.  Jenkins ]8o-t-57  James  Heslep 1872-73 

Freilrick  Krel)aum 1858  John  Tuite 1874 

Fredriek  Kreliauin  1861-63  Nathaniel  Porter 1875 

Thomas  S.  Jenkins 1864  Benjamin  Prichard 1876 

Fredrick  Krehaum 1865-66  David  M.  Jenkins 1877 

Thomas  S.  Jenkins 1867  Benjamin  Prichard 1878-79 

James  Heslep 1868 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


9-39 


TOWN    CLERKS. 


Selah  Wheadon 1850 

Wm.  J.  Marshall 1851 

J(i.se})h  Mill's l<So2 

Selah  H.  Wheadon 1853-54 

Jeremiah  Paul 1855 

Divid  M.  Jenkins 1856 

G.  D.  Previr 1857-62 

William  Shelby 1863 

Hiram  Johnson 1864 


D.  M.  Jenkins 1866-67 

William  Shelhy  1868 

John  S.  Hardin 1869 

J.  W.  Breckenridge 1870-71 

William  Shelby 1872-73 

D.  M.  Jenkins 1874 

J.  W.  BrerkenridK'e 1875-76 

Abraham  Peterson 1877 

John  W.  Breckenridge 1873-79 


ASSESSORS. 


David  Warner 1850 

J.  J.  Hamilton 1851-52 

David  Warner 1853-62 

David  Warner 1866 

C.  B.  Miles 1867 

A.  H.  Payne 1868 


Findlev  Kriigan 1869 

Wm.  M.  Shelby  1870-71 

David  Warner.' 1873 

Wm.  M.  Shelby    1874-76 

David  Warner 1877 

Wm.  M.  Shelby  1878-79 


COLLECTORS. 


Joseph  Miles 1850 

J.J.  Hamilton 1851 

A.  H.  Payne 18-52-62 

Thomas  S.  Jenkins 1863 

AVra.  Dirk-son 1864 

James  Priihard 1865-66 

K.  K.  Lynn 18()7 

Benj.  Priehard 1868 

Nathaniel  Porter 1869 


T.  V.  Ogden 1870-71 

Jesse  Livingsford 1872 

A.  H.  Payne 1873 

AVni.  Dickson  1873-74 

Benj.  Prichard 1875 

Nathaniel  Porter 1876 

Wm.  Dickson 1877 

Wm.  J.  Short 1878 

John  S.  Hardin 1879 


WOODLAND  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township,  which  is  2  east  of  the  Fourth  Principal  Meridian 
and  3  north  of  tlie  Base  Line,  is  certainly  one  of  the  finest  agricul- 
tural townships  in  Central  Illinois.  Tall,  heavy  timber  at  one 
time  covered  almost  its  entire  surface,  but  the  energy  and  industry 
of  the  sturdy  pioneers  who  settled  here,  and  the  like  characteristics 
of  their  children  have  converted  the  woodland  into  fine  farms,  under 
a  high  state  of  cultivation.  The  name  the  township  bears,  which  at 
one  time  was  so  appropriate,  is  no  longer  applicable  to  the  condition 
of  the  township  in  this  respect. 

The  number  of  acres  of  land  in  the  township  is  23,000,  being  the 
largest  Congressional  townshij)  in  the  county  except  Cass.  The 
number  of  acres  of  land  under  cultivation  is  12,280.  The 
total  value  of  land  is  ^278, 929.  There  are  of  horses  549,  valued  at 
$19,849  ;  cattle  1,552  valued  at  $16,251  ;  mules  37  ;  sheep  656 ;  hogs 
2,687,  valued  at  $5,516. 

J.  N.  Hasson,  deceased,  came  to  the  county  in  1835,  and  taught 
school  considerably.  The  first  winter  he  taught  school  in  "Woodland 
township.  While  teaching  here  during  this  winter  Mr.  H.  shot  and 
killed  16  deer  while  going  to  and  from  his  house,  to  the  school- 
house,  a  distance  of  3  miles.  To  do  this  he  never  left  the  beaten 
road  over  200  yards.  In  this  way  he  furnished  all  the  fresh  meat 
for  his  family.  He  never  went  lumting  but  carried  a  gun  on  his 
way  to  school.  This  to  an  extent  shows  the  abundance  of  game  in 
this  township  in  an  early  day. 

As  we  give  such  a  general  historical  sketcli  of  the  township  in 
the  personal  sketches  of  the  pioneers  and  leading  citizens  given 
below,  we  will  not  repeat  here,  but  proceed  to  detailing  the  history 
of  the  only  town  within  its  borders. 

SUMMUM. 

Summum  is  a  small  village  situated  u])on  section  4.  It  was  laid 
out  as  a  town  about  1851,  by  James  M.  Onion.  Long  years  prior  to 
this,  however,  Peter  "Summy  "  kept  a  postoflice  here,  and  the  same 
time  attended  to  his  farm  duties.  He  Mas  well  known  throughout 
this  section.  From  this  fact  the  nickname  of  Summum  was  applied 
to  the  town  when  platted.  "  Sumnmm  "  is  a  I>atin  word  and  means 
summit,  hence  one  would  infer  from  the  name  that  the  town  was 
situate<l  upon  an  eminence.  The  meaning  of  the  Latin  word,  how- 
ever, evidently  had  no  part  in  giving  the  place  this  name.  Mr. 
"  Summy's"  successor  was  James  Gasaway. 


HISTORY    OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  941 

Tlie  town  obtained  no  importance  whatever  until  after  its  organi- 
zation. It  was  laid  out,  and  James  M.  Onion  erected  a  frame  build- 
ing and  laid  in  an  assortment  of  dry-goods.  Washington  Shields 
also  displayed  considerable  enterprise  in  the  erection  of  two  substan- 
tial frame  buildings.  Next  in  order  came  Richard  Lane,  then 
Fraley  and  Severns,  who  all  actively  engaged  to  build  uj)  the  new 
town.  John  Shank  was  the  first  Postnuister  after  the  town  was 
laid  out,  and  from  him  this  sketch  is  obtained. 

As  is  well  known,  Snmmum  is  an  inland  town,  having  no  railroad 
communications,  yet  its  prosperity  will  compare  favorably  with 
other  towns  of  like  situation  and  similar  size.  Among  the  more 
representative  men  of  the  place  are  James  M.  Onion,  John  Baum- 
gartner,  Dr.  J.  H.  Breeden,  Joel  Onion,  Joel  Barnes,  John  Langston, 
Dr.  L.  L.  Wakefield,  Christ.  McLaren,  John  Shank  and  others. 
The  village  has  a  poj)ulation  of  about  200  inhabitants.  No  saloons 
are  tolerated  or  anything  that  will  bring  discord  to  the  peaceful 
community.  In  the  town  are  3  stores,  postoffice,  blacksmith  shop, 
saw-mill  and  cabinet-shop.  Joel  A.  Barnes,  grain  dealer,  presides 
over  the  only  flour  and  feed  store,  James  M.  Onion  is  the  owner 
of  the  mill,  and  he  secures  a  good  trade  as  do  the  merchants  of  the 
place,  of  whom  we  give  further  notice  among  the  personal  sketches. 
By  way  of  explanation  we  will  state  that  the  proper  name  of  the  town 
is  Oberlin.  It  is  not  generally  known  that  it  was  platted  as  such. 
By  some  means  this  name  fell  into  disuse  and  very  few  of  the  peo- 
ple Avould  recognize  the  place  by  that  name.  There  are  three 
Churches  in  the  place.  The  Baj)tist  people  organized  and  built  a 
church  edifice  in  18G7.  Rev.  Odell,  Pastor.  The  membership 
numbers  about  100.  There  is  also  a  German  Reformed  Church, 
which  is  in  a  prosperous  condition  and  has  a  membership  of  100. 
The  Christian  Church  structure  was  erected  in  1865.  The  con- 
gregation has  no  regular  pastor  at  present.  The  Robinson  school- 
house  was  built  in  1859,  and  is  noted  for  the  excellent  school  held 
there. 

Before  giving  the  personal  history  we  will  speak  of  the  German 
Baptist  Church,  one  of  the  principal  religious  organizations  of  the 
township. 

The  German  Baptist  or  Dunkard  Church. — The  history  of  this 
Church,  as  obtained  from  an  interview  with  Jesse  Danner,  one  of  the 
first  members  of  this  organization,  relates  that  the  first  meetings 
were  held  in  jirivate  dwellings,  the  first  services  were  held  in  1853; 
the  first  minister  was  John  Fitz,  now  a  resident  of  Iowa.  The 
members  of  the  organization,  as  far  as  learned,  were  John  Fitz  and 
wife,  Jesse  Danner  and  wife,  Samuel  Falkenstine  and  wife  and 
Susan  Stambaugh.  The  first  church  for  regular  worship  was  built 
about  18()7,  and  the  congregation  then  comprised  about  100  mem- 
bers. The  several  pastors  since  the  organization  have  been  John 
Fitz,  Jesse  Danner,  Joseph  Ringer  and  Solomon  Hamm  ;  the  present 
pastor  is  David  Miller,  and  the  membership  is  about  100.  The 
55 


942  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Deacons  of  the  Cluirch  are:  John  Scliislcr,  Dan'l  Keller  and 
Henry  Danner.  The  German  liapti.st  Cliurcli,  or,  as  it  is  more 
familiarly  known,  the  Dunkard,  is  a  substantial  frame  building. 
Its  members  are  among  the  more  opulent  farmers  and  Christian 
people  of  the  township. 

PERSONAL   HISTORY. 

The  personal  history  of  any  community  is  the  most  important 
and  valuable  portion.  We  realize  this,  and  in  detailing  the  history 
of  Woodland  township,  speak  very  generally  of  those  brave  and 
sturdy  pioneers  who  have  converted  the  forests  into  fruitful  fields, 
and  who  are  to-day  producing  from  the  earth  vast  wealth. 

[Vm.  Aten,  farmer,  sec.  7 :  P.  O.,  Astoria ;  was  born  in  Hancock 
Co.,  Ya.,  Oct.  8,  1821 ;  married  Elizabeth  Pittinger,  a  daughter  of 
John  Pittinger,  who  settled  in  Va.  in  pioneer  times;  in  1844  he 
came  from  Va.  to  Illinois,  settling  in  Vermont  tp.,  where  he  en- 
tered a  tract  of  land;  disposing  of  this  in  1848,  he  settled  in  Wood- 
land tp.,  where  he  purchased  his  present  farm  of  160  acres,  on 
which  he  has  erected  a  substantial  brick  residence.  Of  their  10 
children  8  are  living, — ]\Ielissa,  Sarah  C,  Emma  A.  (school-teacher), 
John  P.,  Willie  K.,  Henry  M.,  Ida  M.  and  Mary  E. 

Lucius  Atwater,  agriculturist;  was  born  in  Coshocton  Co.,  O.,  in 
1827;  his  father,  Lyman  Atwater,  was  born  in  the  State  of  Conn., 
where  he  followed  farming;  he  moved  to  the  State  of  Xew  York  in 
an  early  day,  where  he  married  Jane  Leftiingwell,  by  whom  he  had 
10  children  :  9  are  living, — Miles  and  Marcus,  residents  of  McDon- 
ough  Co.;  Wesley  resides  in  Pleasant  tp.,  this  Co.;  Jas.  and  Caro- 
line reside  in  this  tp. ;  Eliza  resides  in  Barton  Co.,  Mo.;  Zilla  lives 
in  Neb.;  William  resides  in  Lynn  Co.,  Kan.;  Charles,  deceased, 
and  Lucius.  Lyman  Atwater  settled  in  Eultou  Co.  6  miles  east  of 
Astoria  in  18:34.  After  many  years  of  hard  labor  Mr.  Atwater 
secured  a  well  improved  farm;  he  died  in  his  62d  year;  Mrs.  A. 
survived  her  husband  manv  rears,  dvinjr  in  1874.  Lucius  Atwater 
grew  to  manhood  in  Eulton  Co.;  March  15,  1855,  he  married  Caro- 
line Rounds,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  and  S;irah  Pounds,  by  whom 
he  has  8  children, — Francis  M.,  Jas.  A.,  Harry  H.,  Ulysses  G., 
Sarah  J.,  Emma  E.,  Birdie  E.  and  Geo.  O.  Mr.  Atwater  is  the 
owner  of  .'MO  acres  of  most  valuable  land. 

Joel  A.  Barnes,  trader  and  grain  dealer,  Summum;  was  born  in 
Woodland  township;  his  father,  Aquila  Barnes,  was  a  native  of 
Pa.,  and  followed  farming  and  blacksmithing;  he  removed  to  Har- 
rison county,  Indiana,  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Elizabeth  Onion,  who  bore  him  10  children,  of  whom  the  subject  of 
this  sketch  was  the  6th  child.  He  was  born  in  1844;  in  his  17th 
year  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  85th  111.  Inf.,  proceeding  to  the  front  he 
became  a  pirticipant  in  many  noted  battles.  When  the  war  closed 
he  returned  to  his  old  home  in  Fulton  county,  where  he  has  since 
lived,  taking  up  his  residence  at  Summum;    here  he  practices  the 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  943 

profession  of  attorney,  and  engages  somewhat  extensively  in  trading! 

/.  L.  Baunif/drfner,  merchant,  Siimmum.  This  gentleman  is  a 
native  of  Pa.,  where  he  was  born  on  the  14th  of  Jannary,  1846  ;  his 
fatlier,  Samuel  B.,  is  a  resident  of  this  village.  John  passed  his  boy- 
hood in  Pa.,  where  he  received  a  liberal  education  and  became  em- 
ployed from  early  youth  upon  a  farm.  In  his  20th  year  he  moved 
West,  settling  in  Summum,  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Allie  Horton,  a  daughter  of  Ezra  Horton  of  Ohio;  they  have  3 
children :  Harry  O.,  Geo.  B.  and  Leona  B.  In  1875  Mr.  B.  began 
life  as  a  merchant,  and  has  succeeded  in  securing  a  large  trade. 

John  Blggfi,  farmer,  sec.  2  ;  P.  O.,  Summum  ;  the  subject  of  this 
sketch  is  a  native  of  Coshocton  county,  Ohio,  where  he  was  born  ni 
the  year  1814;  his  father,  Wm.  Briggs,  was  a  native  of  Virginia; 
his  parents  crossed  the  ocean  for  the  New  World  in  an  early  day 
and  settled  in  Virginia.  Wm.  came  to  Ohio  as  early  as  1800;  he 
was  in  the  war  of  1812 ;  he  was  married  to  Miss  Hester  Markley. 
At  the  age  of  27  he  (John)  moved  into  Knox  county,  Ohio,  where 
he  was  united  in  marriage  in  1842  to  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Burr,  by  whom 
he  had  2  children  :  Eliza  and  Mary  E.  Mrs.  Biggs  died  in  Knox 
county.  Mr.  B.  served  5  months  on  the  transport,  Duke  of  Argyle  ; 
in  1863  he  settled  in  Woodland  township.  Mr.  B.  married  his 
second  wife,  Mrs.  Catherine  Eleming,  who  bore  him  3  children: 
Zachariah,  Anna  and  John  W. 

James  Biihop,  farmer,  sec.  32;  P.O.,  Astoria;  was  born  in  1853 
in  Indiana;  his  father,  John  Bishop,  was  born  in  Indiana,  where  he 
married  Miss  Susan  Pennington,  by  whom  he  had  14  children.  Jas., 
the  3d  child,  grew  u))  in  Iowa  and  Kansas,  where  his  parents  had 
moved;  in  1872  Mr.  B.  became  a  resident  of  this  Co.;  in  1874  he 
married  Miss  Jane  Bryant,  a  daughter  of  W.  F.  Bryant,  by  whom 
he  has  two  children, —  Wm.  F.  and  Mary  A.  Owns  40  acres  of 
land. 

John  Bloomfield,  agriculturist;  was  born  in  Butler  Co.,  O.,  Jan. 
9,  1807;  his  father  died  when  he  (John)  was  but  7  months  old ; 
learned  the  wagon-nviker's  trade  under  an  older  brother,  Joseph 
Bloomfield;  in  November,  1830,  he  married  Mary  Fa  wcett,  of  But- 
ler Co.;  in  1837  he  journeyed  to  Illinois;  near  Sharpe's  Landing, 
in  Schuyler  Co.,  he  lived  11  months,  when  he  bought  a  farm  in 
Woodland  tp. ;  in  process  of  time  he  acquired  280  acres,  heavily 
timbered,  however,  which  he  improved;  he  was  twice  married  ;  by 
the  first  marriage  he  had  7  children,  5  of  whom  grew  to  mature 
years:  Emily,  who  married  Jesse  Mead  and  resides  in  Lewistown; 
Ira  J.,  a  lawyer,  who  married  Kate  I.  Young  and  resides  in  Bloom- 
ington  ;  was  Brigadier  General  in  the  late  war  ;  Henry  T.,  who  mar- 
ried Mrs.  Nancy  Shields,  and  died  at  Nashville  in  the  army;  Levi, 
who  married  Hilpa  Younker,  of  Ohio,  and  resides  in  Colorado; 
Miry,  who  married  Scott  Hughes,  and  resides  in  this  tp.  Mrs.  B. 
died  Oct.  29,  1852.  Sept.  14,  1854,  Mr.  B.  married  Margaret  Lit- 
tlejohn,  relict  of  Abram  Littlejohn  and  daughter  of  Edward  Little- 


944  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

John,  of  Va.,  and  they  have  3  sons  and  2  daughters:  ^rary,  who 
married  Lewis  Anderson  and  lives  in  Kansas;  Louisa  J.,  who  mar- 
ried Solomon  Still,  residing:  in  this  tp. ;  James,  who  married  Nancy 
Paten, and  now  resides  in  Kansas;  Ellen,  who  married  Jas.  Atwater 
and  lives  at  Duncan  City;  John,  who  married  Nancy  A.  Thompson 
and  resides  in  Schuyler  county;  has  3  children, — Abram,  a 
school-teacher,  and  residing  on  the  homestead,  as  also  Lot,  who 
married  Rosanna  Eley,  in  this  tp.,  and  Peter,  who  also  resides  on 
the  homestead,  comprising  160  acres  of  well  improved  land.  The 
residence  was  erected  in  1856.  ^Ir.  B.  was  one  of  the  three  com- 
missioners who  laid  off  this  county  into  townships  and  named  them. 

F.  A.  Bohl,  agriculturist,  was  born  at  Baden,  Germany,  A])ril  6, 
1833;  his  father,  Nicholas  l^ohl,  resides  in  this  township;  Fred- 
erick was  but  4  years  of  age  when  his  parents  crossed  the  ocean  for 
the  New  World;  they  remained  in  Penn.  a  short  time,  when  they 
moved  West,  settling  in  this  tp. ;  Frederick  had  preceded  his  par- 
ents a  short  time.  He  had  learned  the  trade  of  a  blacksmith  and 
accordingly  opened  a  blacksmith  and  repair  shop  in  partnership 
with  John  Shannon,  of  Astoria.  Mr.  B.  was  a  skillful  workman 
and  a  rapid  one  ;  in  one  day  he  drove  67  horse  shoes,  which  has  prob- 
ably never  been  equaled.  At  the  end  of  4  years  he  purchased  his 
farm;  in  1860  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Sarah  A\  eese,  a 
daughter  of  Samuel  Weese,  by  whom  he  has  two  children, — Ed- 
ward V.  and  Robert  L. 

Charles  li.  Brauson,  farmer,  sec.  10;  P.  O.,  Summum  ;  is  a  native 
of  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  Jan.  13,  1836;  in  1839  he 
settled  in  Fulton  Co.,  where  our  subject  passed  his  childhood  and 
grew  to  manhood.  In  Aug.,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H.  85th  111. 
Inf,  and  participated  in  the  more  noted  battles  of  the  Rebellion. 
In  1865  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Martha  Rankin,  a 
daughter  of  Wm.  Rankin.  There  were  born  of  this  marriage  2 
children,  1  living. 

Thomas  R.  Branson,  farmer,  sec.  15;  P.  O.,  Summum  ;  was  born 
in  Jefferson  Co.,  O.,  Aug.  7,  1832.  His  father,  Chas.  C.  B.,  was  a 
native  of  England  ;  he  came  to  America  and  married  Miss  E. 
Horner;  came  to  Pleasant  tp.,  this  Co.,  in  1838,  and  died  in  1872. 
In  1863  Thomas  enlisted  in  Co.  D,  151st  111.  Inf,  and  served  1 
year.  He  married  Miss  Charlotte  Dil worth  in  1856  ;  she  died  in 
1871,  and  in  1872  he  married  Miss  Adeline  B.  Witchell. 

Dr.  J.  11.  Brccdcn.  Dr.  Breeden  ranks  among  the  wealthier  class 
of  citizens  of  the  county  ;  he  is  a  native  of  Sullivan  Co.,  Ind., 
where  he  was  born  in  18,34  ;  his  father,  Lewis  Breeden,  has  followed 
farming  from  boyhood,  and  is  now  a  resident  of  this  State. 
He  married  Miss  Anna  Ileudy,  a  daughter  of  Dr.  Samuel  Hendy, 
of  New  York  State.  There  were  born  of  this  marriage  7  children, 
of  whom  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  the  oldest.  He  was  but  7 
years  of  age  when  the  family  settled  in  Pike  Co.,  111.  At  the  age 
of  22  years  he  began  the  study  of  medicine  under  Dr.  D.  W.  Par- 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  945 

kins,  of  Havana,  111.;  in  1856  he  entered  Rush  Medical  College, 
Chicago.  On  leaving  the  Garden  City  the  Doctor  looked  about 
him  for  a  suitable  town  to  jiraetice  his  profession,  and  accordingly 
located  in  Snmnuini,  where  he  has  since  resided.  His  skill  as  a 
physician  is  too  well  known  to  the  people  of  this  county  to  be  called 
in  question  ;  as  farmer,  merchant  and  physician  he  has  succeeded 
well.  March  6,  1856,  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Mrs.  Sarah  A. 
Stover,  a  daughter  of  Col.  Stover,  of  Ohio;  they  have  3  children: 
Harvey  O.,  Lewis  C.  and  Dolly. 

Isaac  L.  Camp,  farmer,  sec.  26  ;  P.  O.,  Astoria ;  was  born  in  Co- 
shocton Co.,  O.,  in  1833,  where  he  grew  to  manhood,  receiving  a 
good,  liberal  education  ;  in  1858  he  married  Mrs.  Lydia  K.  Smith,  a 
daughter  of  Uriah  Kinsev,  and  relict  of  Wm.  Smith  ;  of  this  mar- 
riage  2  children  were  born, — Arnold  D.,  and  Elmer  E.,  deceased. 
Mrs.  Cam])  survived  her  marriage  but  3  years;  in  1863  Mr.  C.  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Isabel  Enyart,  of  Licking  Co.,  O.  They  have 
5  children, — Mary  E.,  Cha'^.  E.,  Emm(^t  L.,  Wm.  I.  and  Horace 
G. ;  Hugh,  deceased.  Mr.  C.  settled  in  Woodland  tp.  in  1864,  win- 
tering nearSummum;  the  following  spring  he  purchased  40  acres. 
Mr.  Camp  luis  been  Supervisor,  Assessor,  Road  Commissioner, 
School  Trustee,  etc. 

Peter  S.  Camp,  farmer;  P.O.,  Astoria;  was  born  in  Ohio  in 
1839  ;  his  father,  Josephus  Camp,  was  a  native  of  Ohio  ;  in  his  youth 
he  began  the  study  of  medicine  and  in  after  years  gained  a  large 
practice  as  a  physician.  AA'hile  a  resident  of  Ohio  he  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Parker,  who  bore  him  7  children  ;  Peter, 
the  3d  child,  grew  to  manhood  in  Ohio;  13  years  ago  he  located  in 
Eulton  county,  where  he  was  married  to  Miss  Louisa  Rogers,  and 
their  2  children  are  Bessie  and  Marion. 

G,  W.  Clark,  farmer,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  is  a  native  of  Ohio, 
where  he  was  born  in  the  year  1843;  liis  father,  Wm.  G.  Clark,  was 
also  born  in  Ohio,  where  he  married  his  first  wife,  Mrs.  Ra(!hel 
Knock,  by  whom  he  had  6  children.  Geo.  W.  was  the  fourth  child 
born  of  this  marriage;  in  1836  Wm.  Clark  moved  to  Illinois,  locating 
in  Vermont  tp. ;  he  enlisted  in  Co.  B,  84th  111.  Inf.,  for  3  years  ;  par- 
ticipated in  the  more  noted  battles  of  the  Rebellion  ;  when  the  war 
closed  he  returned  to  Fulton  county.  He  was  united  in  marria<x(>  to 
Miss  Edith  M.  Storekin,  by  whom  he  has  5  children  :  Sarah  J.-, 
Eliz'ibeth  B.,  Emma  A.,  Olla  and  Wm.  Monroe.  Mrs.  Clark  died 
Feb.,  1879. 

Francis  A.  Cooper,  deceased,  was  born  in  Pa.;  when  young,  his 
parents  emigrated  with  him  to  Ohio,  where  he  grew  to  manhood 
and  followed  farming;  in  1859  he  moved  to  this  township,  where  in 
after  years  he  purchased  80  acres  of  valuable  land.  Decemb(>r,  1862, 
he  married  Miss  Angeline  Potter,  by  whom  he  had  2  children, — 
Wm.  S.  and  Francis  A.  Mr.  C.  was  Township  Clerk  at  one  time, 
taught  school  some,  and  died  in  1866. 

George   Cooper,  farmer,  sec.  1 ;  P.  O.,  Summum  ;  is  a  native  of 


f)46  fliStORY   OF   FULTOX   COUNTY. 

Holmes  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  in  1839;  his  father  was  Charles 
Cooper,  a  well  known  resident  of  Fulton  county ;  in  an  early  clay 
he  moved  to  Ohio,  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Kuth 
Rumphiy,  by  whom  he  had  4  children, — George,  John,  Abraham 
and  5lary.  Charles  Cooper  became  a  resident  of  Fulton  county  in 
1846,  settled  in  \\'()odland  township,  and  died  one  year  afterward. 
Mrs.  Cooper,  who  was  born  in  Hohiies  county,  Ohio,  is  still  living,  a 
resident  of  Bernadotte  tp. ;  George  received  a  liberal  education ; 
when  the  war  broke  out  he  enlisted  in  Co.  G,  85th  111,  Inf.;  was 
honorably  discharged  at  Washington,  D.  C. ;  he  returned  to  Fulton 
county,  where  he  has  since  resided  ;  in  1868  he  was  united  in  marriage 
to  Miss  Martha  Shields,  a  daughter  of  Kinsey  Shields,  whose 
sketch  is  found  in  this  volume.  Two  children  were  born  of  this 
marriage, — Mary  C.  and  Charles  K. 

Jacob  Cossairt,  of  the  firm  of  S.  A.  Robinson  &  Co.,  mill  owners, 
was  born  in  Ohio  in  1834.  His  father,  Francis  Cossairt,  was  born  in 
Warren  Co.,  O.,  where  he  followed  farming,  and  married  Mary  J. 
Phillips,  by  whom  he  has  had  6  boys  and  3  girls.  Jacob,  the  sec- 
ond child,  received  a  liberal  education  ;  when  the  war  broke  out  he 
was  a  resident  of  Missouri,  where  he  enlisted  in  Co.  I,  8th  Mo.  Cav. ; 
rose  through  meritorious  conduct  to  the  Captaincy;  was  honorably 
discharged  at  the  close  of  the  war;  in  former  years,  while  residing 
in  Iowa,  he  married  Miss  Hettie  Alcorn,  by  whom  he  has  8  chil- 
dren ;  from  Missouri,  in  1877,  he  moved  to  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  locat- 
ing in  Woodland  tp.,  where,  in  connection  with  S.  A.  Robinson  he 
purchased  an  interest  in  the  saw-mill  above  mentioned. 

M.  L.  Curless  was  born  in  Ohio  Dec,  1835;  in  1846  he  accom- 
panied his  parents  to  111.,  locating  in  Woodland  tp.,  where  a  farm  of 
160  acres  was  purchased;  enlisted  as  First  Lieutenant  in  Co.  G, 
8oth  Reg.,  111.  Inf.,  and  became  a  participant  in  many  noted  bat- 
tles;  resigned  his  commission  in  1863,  owing  to  ill  health.  Prior 
to  the  Rebellion  he  had  married,  in  Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  Armintha 
McDaniel,  of  Ohio;  there  were  born  of  this  marriage  6  children, — 
Frank,  John  Edward  Thackleus,  Lincoln,  Annabelle  and  Gertrude 
Isabelle.     Mr.  C.  owns  320  acres  of  land  in  high  cultivation. 

Daniel  Banner,  farmer,  was  born  in  Penn.  June  16,  1842,  son  of 
Henry  Banner,  who  was  born  in  Pa.,  where  he  married  Catharine 
Lennif,  by  whom  he  had  8  children.  Daniel,  the  5th  child,  grew 
to  manhood  in  Pa.,  where  he  received  a  liberal  educati(»n  and  fol- 
lowed farming;  14  years  ago  he  landed  in  Fulton  county,  where  he 
has  since  resided;  in  1865  he  married  Miss  Eliza  Shatter,  a  daugh- 
ter of  John  Shaifcr,  of  Pa. ;  of  this  marriage  5  children  were  born, 
3  of  whom  are  living, — Alice,  Moses  and  Laura. 

Jesse  Banner,  agriculturist,  is  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  where 
he  was  born  in  1812;  received  a  liberal  education;  brought  up  a 
farmer,  then  followed  the  occui)ation  of  carpenter;  while  residing 
there  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Sarah  Lipe,  by  whom  he 
had  5  children, — John,  Martha,  Jacob,  Barbara  and  Henry.     In 


HISTOHY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  947 

1834  Mr.  D.  removed  to  Ohio  where  he  became  employed  in  a  dis- 
tillery for  a  jseriod  of  3  years ;  then  he  returned  to  Pennsylvania, 
where  he  followed  farming  until  1850,  when  he  settled  in  this  town- 
ship, purcimsing  160  acres  of  land;  to-day  ht;  owns  over  400  acres 
and  a  handsome  residence.  Mrs.  D.  died  July  24,  1844.  In  1845 
Mr.  D.  united  his  fortunes  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Hohf,  by  whom  he  had 
7  children  :   4  of  them  are  living. 

Joseph  Dobfton,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Green  county,  Ky., 
where  he  was  born  in  the  year  1805;  he  grew  toward  manhood  an 
adventurous  youth,  for  early  in  life  he  became  employed  on  flat- 
boats,  making  the  usual  trips  to  New  Orleans;  after  many  weeks 
spent  upon  the  Mississippi,  in  an  early  day,  probably  in  1831,  he 
moved  to  Indiana,  where  he  was  j)reviously  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Elizabeth  Shields,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  Shields,  During  the 
autumn  of  1833,  Mr.  D.  settled  in  Kerton  township,  Fulton  county. 
The  survivors  of  their  family  are  Mrs.  Dobson,  who  was  born  Sept., 
1811,  in  Indiana,  and  had  7  children;  Wm.,  who  married  Miss 
Sarah  Shelley;  James,  who  mirried  Lucretia  Brokaw;  Martin, 
who  resides  in  Sunimum,  married  Hannah  Mercer ;  George,  who 
married  Mary  E.  Brown;  Hardin  resides  in  Wisconsin  ;  Anna,  who 
resides  on  the  old  homestead,  mirried  John  Rankin,  a  native  of 
Ohio,  who  settled  in  this  township,  in  1847  ;  there  were  born  of 
this  marriage  4  children, — Clara,  John  M.,  Rodney  C.  and  William. 
Scott  Dobson,  youngest  son  of  Joseph  Dobson,  resides  on  the  old 
homestead.  Mr.  D.  was  a  somewhat  noted  deer  hunter,  and  killed, 
according  to  an  account  kept,  nearly  2,000  deer.  He  was  an  extra- 
ordinary marksman;  used  the  old  long  rifle  of  Kentucky,  which  is 
still  in  the  possession  of  the  family. 

31.  K.  Dobson,  blacksmith,  Summum ;  was  born  in  this  township 
in  1843;  received  a  good  com;u')n-sehool  education;  in  August, 
1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  85th  III.  Inf ;  was  in  the  battles  of 
Perryville.  Murphreesboro,  Chickamauga,  Mission  Ridge,  Buzzard 
Roost,  Kenesaw  Mountain,  Jonesboro,  Snake  Creek  Gap,  Resaca, 
Peach  Tree  Creek  and  others;  returning  home  he  learned  the  trade 
of  blacksmithing;  Nov.  9,  1870,  he  married  a  lady  of  Vermont, 
Fulton  county,  by  whom  he  has  3  children, — Olive,  Joseph  and 
Dora. 

Asa  Datton,  farmer,  sec.  3 ;  P.  O.,  Summum.  This  gentleman  is 
a  native  of  Brown  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  in  the  year  1833;  he 
was  10  years  of  age  when  his  parents  settled  in  Fulton  Co.;  Jan. 
loth,  183),  he  w.h  U!iit3d  in  mirriag3  to  Miss  Mirtha  J.,  daughter 
of  Wm.  H.  Browning,  of  Ohio ;  8  children  blessed  this  union: 
Flora  A.,  Mary  M.,  Sarah  B.,  Wm.  H.  H.,  Jas.  A.,  Eliza,  Lucinda 
and  Marcel  1  us. 

Daniel  Datton,  farmer,  sec.  35 ;  P.  O.,  Bluff  City ;  was  born  in 
1833,  in  Brown  Co.,  O. ;  in  1819  he  aci;ompanied  his  parents,  Moses 
and  R.'becca  Dutton,  to  Illinois,  settling  in  Woodland  tp.,  where 
the  subject  of  this  sketch  grew  to  manhood;  in  1862  he  enlisted  in 


948  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Co.  H,  85th  111.  Inf.,  became  a  participant  in  many  noted  battles, 
as  Perryville,  Stone  River,  Chickam  \iiga,  Jonesboro,  Kenesaw  Mt., 
Peach  Tree  Crock,  Buzzard  Roost,  and  many  others  of  less  impor- 
tance ;  honorably  discharg-cd  when  the  war  closed,  he  returned  to 
his  old  home  in  Fulton  Co.,  where  in  18GG  he  mirried  Mrs.  Mary 
Markley,  daughter  of  John  Reed  and  relict  of  Martin  Markley ; 
there  were  born  of  the  marriage  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dutton  5  chil- 
dren,— Ettie,  Daniel,  Rebecca,  Wm.  and  Charles ;  the  marriage  of 
Mary  Reed  to  Martin  Markley  was  blessed  with  7  children  :  3  are 
living, — Sylvester,  Marion  and  Martin.  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Dutton  are 
joint  owners  of  220  acres  of  land. 

Hoses  Button  settled  in  Fulton  Co.  over  30  years  ago ;  he  was 
born  in  Maine  in  1811;  during  his  boyhood  his  parents  emigrated 
to  Ohio,  where  he  grew  to  manhood;  in  1831  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage with  Miss  Rebecca  Curless,  daughter  of  Asher  Curless,  of 
Ohio;  of  their  11  children  10  are  living, — Elmira,  who  married 
Clark  Mote;  Asa,  who  married  Jane  Browning;  Daniel,  who 
married  Mary  Markley;  Jane,  who  married  John  Thompson; 
Henry,  who  married  Charlotte  Levengerer;  John,  who  resides  on 
the  old  homestead  unmarried ;  Wm.,  who  married  Susan  Levenge- 
rer; Mary,  who  mirried  James  Radclitfe  ;  James  A.  and  Randolph. 
Mr.  D.  was  finally  laid  at  rest  in  the  village  cemetery,  leaving  a 
widow,  with  a  home  on  100  acres  of  valuable  land. 

Ellsha  Elliott,  farmer,  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Summum  ;  is  a  native  of 
Fulton  Co.,  where  he  was  born  in  the  year  1848;  his  father,  Luke 
Elliott,  was  born  in  Ohio,  where  he  followed  his  trade  of  a  shoe- 
maker until  his  emigration  to  Fulton  Co.,  where  he  settled  some  35 
years  ago ;  he  proved  a  sterling  actor  in  the  growth  and  develop- 
ment of  the  Co.,  and  during  the  late  war  obtained  a  Lieutenant's 
commission;  he  was  united  in  marriage  in  this  Co.  to  Miss  Eveline 
Burgess.  In  1871  Elisha  Elliott  Avas  united  in  marriage  to  ^liss 
Sigourney  L.  Hickle,  daughter  of  Aaron  and  Sarah  Hiekle.  They 
have  4  children,  3  living:  Elmer  E.,  Ernest  E.  and  Lucius  L. 
Cora  E.  died  in  infancy. 

Francis  M.  Elliott  farmer,  sec.  9  ;  P.  O.,  Summum  ;  was  born  in 
Fulton  Co.  in  1846;  his  father,  Samuel  Elliott,  is  a  resident  of 
Schuyler  Co. ;  was  born  in  the  State  of  New  York  ;  he  removed  from 
there  to  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  ])r()l)ably  in  1831,  where  he  was  united  in 
marriage  to  Mrs.  Margaret  Osborn.  In  1868  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Mrs.  Sarah  E.  Hughes,  a  daughter  of  Wm.  Hughes.  They 
have  3  children,  Leoni  Van  L.,  William  S.  and  Julius  O. 

Jane  Elliott,  relict  of  Ellison  Elliott,  was  born  in  New  York 
State  in  1811,  moved  to  Ohio  in  an  early  day,  where  she  was  mar- 
ried to  Ellison  Elliot.  7  children  born  of  this  marriage, — Elisha, 
Jasper,  Isaac  P.,  Wm.  A.,  Geo.  W.,  James  B.  and  Chas.  H.  George, 
the  only  one  living,  resides  on  the  homestead.  Mrs.  Elliott's  maiden 
name  was  Vanderbilt.  Three  sons  of  Mrs.  E.  entered  the  service, 
all  of  whom  gave  up  their  lives  in  the  war  for  the  Union. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  949 

Geo.  Emif/,  deceased,  was  a  native  of  Penn.,  where  he  fol- 
lowed far  mi  no; ;  he  there  married  Miss  ]\Iary  Brillhard,  by  whom 
he  had  2  children, — Jesse  and  Isaac.  Mrs.  E.  was  twice  married, 
her  first  husband  being  Peter  Wolf,  of  Penn.,  who  there  passed  the 
remiinder  of  his  life;  3  children  survive  who  were  born  of  this 
marriage.  George  Emig  came  to  Fulton  Co.  about  25  years  ago, 
purchasing  property  in  Woodland  tp.,  consisting  of  80  acres;  he 
became  exceedingly  prosperous;  he  died  in  1865;  Mrs.  Emig  is 
still  living,  residing  in  Woodland  tp.  Jesse  grew  to  manhood  in 
Fulton  Co.;  received  a  liberal  education  ;  in  1874  he  married  Miss 
Mary  Mumraert,  daughter  of  Jonas  Mummert,  deceased.  There 
are  two  children,  INIarion  and  Sarah,  surviving. 

John  FarwelL  In  our  history  of  Woodhmd  township  and  life 
sketches  of  men  who  have  made  it  we  speak  of  Mr.  F.  He  is  a 
native  of  New  Hampshire,  where  he  was  born  June  15,  1807;  in 
his  21st  year  he  directed  his  footsteps  to  the  State  of  Mass.  As 
early  as  1830  he  came  to  Ohio,  In  1837  Mr.  F.  came  by  way  of 
the  canal  and  Illinois  river,  and  made  his  way  to  Illinois,  landing  at 
Sharpe's  Landing;  during  the  falllie  went  to  Bernadotte,  remaining 
two  years;  at  the  expiration  of  this  time  he  moved  to  Woodland 
tp.  Mr.  F.  erected  a  cabin  12x14,  and  for  2  or  3  years  he  kept 
bachelor's  hall ;  in  the  meantime  he  set  about  clearing  away  for  a 
home.  In  1841  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Calista  Curless, 
a  daughter  of  Asher  Curless,  by  whom  he  had  one  child,  \Vm.  Mrs. 
F.  died  in  June,  1843.  Nov.,  1844  he  united  his  fortunes  to  Mrs. 
Susan  Severns,  who  did  not  long  survive.  In  Oct.  24,  1849,  Mr. 
F.  was  married  to  Mrs.  Julia  Blandin,  a  daughter  of  John  Blandin. 
5  children  were  born  to  them  :  4  arc  living, — Louisa,  Alice,  Gran- 
ville and  Hattie.  Mr.  F.  is  owner  of  nearly  1,000  acres  of  valuable 
land. 

John  Fike,  agriculturist,  was  a  native  of  Indiana,  where  he  was 
born  on  the  27th  of  April,  1827  ;  located  in  Fulton  Co.,  in  1837  or  '39, 
left  an  orphan  at  an  early  age,  he  entered  the  employ  of  11.  McLaren, 
remaining  until  he  had  attained  his  majority ;  Oct.  27,  1850,  he  was. 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Eliza  J.  Onion,  daughter  of  Joel  and 
Eleanor  Onion  ;  enlisted  in  the  3d  111.  Cav.,Co.  H  ;  became  Sergeant, 
was  honorably  discharged  and  returned  to  his  home  in  this  Co. ;  but 
exposure  in  army  life  had  proven  too  much  for  his  naturally  strong 
constitution,  and  on  the  23d  of  Dec,  '62,  he  was  laid  at  rest  in  Wood- 
land township.  He  was  the  owner  of  a  valuable  farm  of  GO  acres, 
and  to  the  care  of  his  pioneer  wife  he  left  a  family  of  4  children,  3 
of  whom  are  living, — Wm.  M.,  Mary  E.  and  John,  jr. 

John  Fitz  was  born  in  York  county.  Pa. ;  he  there  married 
Mary  Ann  Dubs,  by  whom  he  had  9  children, — Henry,  John,  Sam- 
uel, Conrad,  Matilda,  Susan,  Elizabeth  and  Rebecca.  Mr.  Fitz  was 
a  farmer  in  Pa.,  where  he  owned  farm  jiroperty  :  27  years  ago  he 
came  West,  settling  in  Woodland  township,  where  he  purchased 
nearly  500  acres  of  laud ;  he  removed  to  Iowa  3  years  ago,  where  he 


950  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

is  the  owner  of  400  acres  of  valuable  land.  Conrad,  who  is  a  farmer 
in  this  township,  was  born  in  Penn.  in  1848,  having  spent  his 
boyhood  and  youth  in  this  county;  in  1874  he  married  Miss  Susan 
Shields,  daugiiter  of  Nathan  and  ^lary  Siiields,  mentioned  elsewhere, 
and  they  have  one  child,  Idallah,  Mr.  F.  owns  160  acres  in  this  tp. ; 
has  been  School  Director  13  years. 

Samuel  Fifz,  farmer,  sec.  8 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  Among  those  who 
have  succeeded  well  in  life  we  mention  Samuel  Fitz,  who  ranks 
among  the  earliest  residents  of  this  township;  he  was  born  in  York 
county,  Pa.,  Oct.  18,  1844.  He  was  but  5  years  of  age  when  his 
parents  settled  in  Fulton  county,  sec.  17,  Woodland  township;  he 
followed  farming  principally,  although  for  a  short  period  of  time  he 
became  employed  as  clerk  by  E.  &  P.  Ham(>r,  merchants  at  Ver- 
mont. Nov.  23,  1869,  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Anna 
Bogue,  by  whom  he  has  one  child,  Farie.  Mrs.  F.  died  Dec.  24, 
1876,  and  was  laid  at  rest  in  the  Dunkard  cemetery.  On  the  9th  of 
January,  1879,  Mr.  Fitz  united  his  fortunes  to  Miss  Anna  Hershey, 
of  Monmouth,  Warren  county.  111. 

Nobles  C.  GnindsUiff,  was  born  in  Muskingum  county,  O.,  in 
1836;  became  a  stock-dealer,  and  for  a  oonsiderable  time  was  pro- 
prietor of  a  meat  market  at  Nelsonville;  while  residing  in  Jackson 
county,  O.,  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  ]\Hss  P.  A.  Akins,  a 
daughter  of  Samuel  Akins,  of  Ohio,  l)y  whom  he  has  6  children,  viz  : 
Celia  J.,  Willie,  Grant,  Morley,  Walter  and  Emma.  Mr.  G.  was 
quite  extensively  engaged  as  a  stock-buyer  and  traded  a  great  deal 
in  various  States ;  two  years  ago  he  settled  in  this  township,  where 
he  purchased  the  mill  property  formerly  owned  by  Emily  Mayhew; 
since  this  date  Mr.  G.  has  transacted  a  very  good  business. 

J.  B.  Gri.sh(un,  farmer,  sec.  29 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria ;  was  born  in 
Brown  Co.,  O.,  in  1840;  his  father,  Richard  Grisham,  was  a  native 
of  South  Carolina,  and  born  March  7,  1802;  during  the  early  settle- 
ment of  Ohio  he  moved  to  that  State,  where  he  followed  farming, 
and  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Laura  Reynolds;  they 
.had  19  children;  he  died  in  1879;  Mrs.  G.  is  still  living  and  re- 
sides in  Kansas.  The  family  moved  from  Ohio,  settling  in  1855  in 
Woodland  tp.,  on  farm  property.  J.  B.  receivcfl  a  liberal  education  ; 
in  1861  he  was  married  to  Elizabeth  Wunderlich,  a  daughter  of 
Philip  Wunderlich,  a  Virginian  ;  by  her  he  had  8  children,  7  of 
whom  are  living, — John,  Edward,  Toler,  Win.,  Harry,  Orley  and 
J.  J.  With  the  exception  of  a  short  residence  in  Kansas  ISIr.  G. 
has  been  a  permanent  resident  of  this  tp. 

John  Grove,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Astoria  ;  the  subject  of  this  sketch 
was  born  in  Virginia  in  1832;  his  father,  Christopher  Grove,  was 
also  a  native  Virginian,  a  saddler  and  harness-maker  by  trade,  and 
married  Mary  Beard,  by  whom  he  had  8  children;  John,  the  fourth 
of  these,  grew  to  the  age  of  19  years  in  Va.,  when  he  made  his  way 
West  to  Astoria  tp. ;  in  this  county  he  has  since  resided  with 
the  exception   of  6  years  passed  in  McDonough   Co.;  in    1862   he 


HISTORY    OP   FULTON    COUNTY.  951 

enlisted  in  Co.  F,  103d  111.  Inf.,  and  was  a  participant  in  many  of 
the  famous  battles,  honorably  discharged,  and  returned  to  his  old 
home  in  Fulton  Co.,  where,  in  1858,  Jan.  1,  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage with  Sarah  M.  Haffner,  daughter  of  Jacob  Haifner,  who  set- 
tled in  Fulton  county  24  years  ago.  There  were  born  of  this  mar- 
riage 9  children,  8  of  wh(mi  are  living,  5  girls  and  3  boys,  in  this 
tp.     Mr.  G.  is  a  farmer,  owning  80  acres  of  well-improved  land. 

J.  W.  Har/au,  farmer,  sec.  2;  P.  O.,  Summum;  was  born  in 
Fulton  Co.  in  1848;  received  a  liberal  education.  In  1869  he  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Nancy  Thompson,  by  whom  he  has  3 
children, — Edwin  W.,  Viola  B.  and  Jas.  E.  Mr.  H.  is  the  owner 
of  160  acres.  Mrs.  H.  is  a  native  of  Fulton  Co.,  and  is  a  daughter 
of  Anthony  and  Lucy  Tiiompson,  of  Ohio. 

Thomas  Hagan,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  16;  P.  O.,  Sum- 
mum;  was  born  in  Tenn.  in  1822;  his  father,  Robert  Hagan,  was 
born  in  Kentucky,  where  he  followed  the  occupation  of  a  i'armer; 
he  there  married  Anna  Barnet,  who  bore  him  2  children, — John  B. 
and  Thomas.  Robert  was  twice  married  ;  was  among  the  first  set- 
tlers of  Tenn.,  where  he  passed  the  remainder  of  his  days  on  earth. 
While  Thomas  was  yet  a  lad  his  father  died,  and  at  the  age  of  10 
he  accompanied  his  step-mother  to  Missouri,  where  he  lived  3  years; 
then  he  came  to  Illinois,  locating  in  this  township,  where  he  pass- 
ed his  youth  at  the  home  of  Nicholas  Fraley,  one  of  the  pioneers  of 
the  tp. ;  in  1836  Mr.  H.  married  Ruth  Hughes,  a  daughter  of  Tay- 
lor Hughes;  they  had  8  children,  6  are  living, — John  W.,  Mary 
C,  Nancy  J.,  James  L.,  Marion  L.  and  U.  Grant.  Mr.  H.  owns 
240  acres  of  good  land, 

Solomon  D.  liumm  settled  in  Fulton  county  in  1854,  and  after  the 
lapse  of  a  quarter  of  a  century  he  is  the  owner  of  over  500  acres  of 
valuable  land  and  takes  a  leading  position  among  the  wealthy  farm- 
ers of  this  county.  He  was  born  in  York  county.  Pa.,  Feb.  8,  1833; 
worked  as  a  carpenter,  and  in  1856,  after  his  arrival  in  this  county, 
he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Sarah  Wolf,  daughter  of  Peter 
Wolf,  of  Pennsylvania,  by  whom  he  has  10  children, — Rebecca, 
Jacob  H.,  Ellen  N.,  Elizabeth,  Sarah,  Mary,  Lucy,  Anna,  Jessie  C. 
and  John  W. 

John  Horner,  deceased,  was  born  in  1812;  his  parents  were  born 
in  Pennsylvania,  where  they  followed  farming;  Mr.  H.  died,  and 
Mrs.  H.  moved  to  Ohio  and  thence  to  Fulton  county,  where  she 
died  at  an  advanced  age.  John  grew  to  manhood  in  Pennsylvania 
where  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Barbara  Brillhard,  by 
whom  he  had  10  children  :  9  are  living, — Henry,  Wm.,  Daniel, 
Elizabeth,  Maria,  Sarah,  Barbara,  Hannah  and  Louisa;  with  the 
exception  of  Maria,  all  the  children  reside  in  Illinois;  in  1855  Mr. 
H.  came  to  Fulton  county,  where  he  purchased  a  quarter  section  of 
land ;  he  became  quite  successful  on  his  western  farm  in  this  town- 
ship, where  he  died  in  1871.  Mrs.  H.,  who  is  a  native  of  Pennsyl- 
vania, still  survives.     Daniel  Horner,  from  whom  this  sketch  is  ob- 


952  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

tfiined,  was  born  in  Pennsylvania  in  1848;  was  but  six  years  of  age 
when  iiis  parents  landotl  in  Fulton  county;  April  27,  1870,  he  mar- 
ried Miss  Mary   E. ,  who  died  soon  afterward;  Mr.  H.  has 

gained  considerable  local  fame  as  a  writer  and  corresj)ondent. 

Win.  S.  Hoppiuf/,  farmer,  sec.  6 ;  P.  O.,  Astoria.  In  obtaining 
our  biographical  sketches  many  incidents  come  to  hand.  On  the 
farm  of  Mr.  Hoi)ping  is  a  large  mound,  one  of  the  largest  in  this 
county,  and  in  conversation  we  learn  that  relics  of  an  interesting 
nature  have  been  found  ;  is  the  youngest  son  of  Gideon  Hopping. 
He  married  ^liss  Sarah  J.  Sturges,  of  South  Carolina;  her  father, 
John  Sturges,  became  known  to  fame  as  a  Revolutionary  soldTer  and 
was  a  living  witness  of  the  famous  surrender  at  Yorktown.  In  1823 
Gideon  Hopping  and  wife,  each  on  horseback,  made  the  western  trip 
to  Illinois  and  stopped  near  Springfield.  In  1836  Mr.  H.  moved  to 
Fulton  Co.,  settling  in  Vermont  township,  and  j)assed  away  over 
a  quarter  of  a  century  ago.  Mrs.  H.,  who  is  a  sister  of  Dr.  Daniel 
B.  Sturges,  of  South  Bend,  Ind.,  the  well-known  writer  and  minis- 
ter of  the  Gospel,  passed  away  but  a  few  short  weeks  ago.  She  left 
but  3  children, — Gideon  J.,  Joseph  and  \Xm.  S.  AVm.  S.  was 
married  in  1801  to  Miss  Mary  Cooper,  a  daughter  of  James  Cooper, 
by  whom  he  hud  5  children,  4  are  living:  Sarah  J.,  John  W.,  Me- 
lissa E.,  Melinda  B.  and  Joseph  H.,  deceased. 

Marfin  L.  Horn,  was  born  in  Penn.  in  1811  ;  his  father,  Daniel 
Horn,  was  a  native  of  Washington  Co.,  Penn. ;  was  a  cabinet-maker 
by  occupation,  following  farming,  however,  to  a  considerable  ex- 
tent; he  married  Polly  Simmons,  of  Penn.,  by  whom  he  had  5  sons 
and  4  daughters;  Martin,  the  4th  son,  grew  to  manhood  in  Penn., 
where  he  married  Julia  Ann  Oiler,  by  whom  he  had  9  children  : 
8  are  living.  Mr.  H.  emigrated  to  Fulton  county,  where  he  has 
172  acres  of  land;  9  years  after  his  arrival  Mrs.  Horn  died;  one 
year  later  Mr.  H.  married  Mary  J.  Kelly,  who  survived  her  mar- 
riao;e  6  vears ;  in  1808  Mr.  H.  married  Mrs.  Martha  Severns,  relict 
of  Martin  Severns,  of  Ohio.  Mr.  Horn  now  owns  over  200  acres, 
nearlv  all  tillable  land. 

James  J.Horfon,  farmer  and  stock-trader,  sec.  10  ;  P.  O.,  Summum  ; 
was  born  in  Coshocton  Co.,  O.,  March  (5,  1830;  his  father,  Ezra 
Horton,  was  born  in  the  same  county,  and  lived  there  for  upwards  of 
43  years,  and  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Mrs.  Eliza  Honey, 
by  whom  he  luul  9  children.  In  1809  Ezra  Horton  located  in  this 
tp. ;  he  died  May  22,  1803;  Mrs.  Horton  survived  her  husband  but 
one  year.  James,  who  had  attained  his  21st  year  shortly  after  the 
familv  arrived  in  Fulton  Co.,  has  followed  farming  and  stock-raising 
from  boyhood,  and  he  is  the  owner  of  the  homestead  property; 
March  29,  'o9,  he  married  Mrs.  Martha  J.  Horton,  a  daughter  of 
J.  B.  Horton,  of  Ohio,  who  now  resides  at  Muscatine,  Iowa;  10 
children  were  born  of  this  marriage;  8  are  living, — Dora,  Esther, 
Willie,  Sadie,  Ella,  Artie,  Lydia  and  Matilda  ;  Ida  L.,and  James  I. 
deceased. 


IIISTOKY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  953 

Levi  Horfon,  Justice  of  the  Poaoo  and  farmer,  is  well  known  to 
the  farmers  and  business  men  of  this  S(>ction  ;  was  born  in  the  vear 
1818;  his  father,  David  Horton,  was  a  pensioner  and  soldier  during 
the  year  of  1812.  He  united  his  fortunes  with  Mrs.  Margaret 
Sapp.  6  ehildren  blessed  the  union  of  David  and  Margaret  Horton, 
3  of  whom  now  survive.  Levi,  the  elder,  married  in  Ohio  Miss 
Caroline  Darling,  who  bore  him  5  children  ;  2  survive,  David  and 
Jennie.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  settled  in  Fulton  Co.  in  1839, 
and  settled  permanently  in  1851 ;  has  been  a  successful  farmer,  and 
has  held  the  offices  of  Supervisor,  Town  Clerk,  Road  Commis- 
sioner, etc. 

T.  J.  Horton,  farmer,  see.  20;  P.O.,  Astoria;  is  a  native  of  Ohio, 
born  in  1844;  grew  to  manhood  in  this  county,  where  he  has  since 
followed  farming,  and  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  with  INIiss 
Louisa  McDermott,  by  whom  he  has  2  children.  Mrs.  H.  died 
Feb.,  1875,  and  in  the  following  year  Mr.  H.  married  Susan  Stoops, 
a  daughter  of  Michael  Stoops,  in  Woodland  tp. ;  is  the  owner  of 
87  acres  of  land ;  has  been  School  Director,  Road  Commissioner, 
etc. 

Abel  \V.  Hughes,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  was  born  in  this  Co. 
in  1854;  Dec.  13,  1877,  married  MissAddie  Waggoner,  a  daughter 
of  George  Waggoner,  a  native  of  Penn. ;  they  have  1  child. 

B.  Scott  Hughes,  farmer,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  xVstoria.  Nearly  all  who 
have  the  name  Hughes  in  this  part  of  the  county  are  near  relatives. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  is  a  son  of  John  David  and  Miner- 
va J.  Hughes,  and  married  Miss  Mary  Bloomfield,  daughter  of 
John  Bloomfield,  and  their  children  are  Ira,  Oscar  and  Kolla.  John 
Hughes  first  married  Betsy  Cooper,  by  whom  he  had  7  children  ; 
by  his  second  wife,  Minerva  J.,  he  had  G  children. 

Geo.  W.  Hughes  is  a  native  of  Wayne  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was 
born  Jan.  12,  1822;  his  father,  Taylor  Hughes,  was  a  native  of 
Maryland;  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812;  was  elected  Colonel  of 
State  militia  in  1840.  He  settled  at  Lewistown  for  a  short  time 
when  he  directed  his  footsteps  to  AVoodland  tp.,  where  he  passed  the 
remainder  of  life  ;  his  wife  still  survives.  Of  the  10  children  born 
to  them  all  are  living,  and  9  are  residents  of  this  township.  Geo. 
was  the  second  son,  who  had  attained  his  2()th  year  when  his  par- 
ents settled  in  Fulton  Co.;  in  1843  he  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Susan  Elliott,  daughter  of  Elisha  and  Hannah  Elliot;  11 
children  were  born,  6  girls  and  5  boys;  3  have  died;  those  who  sur- 
vive are  all  residents  of  Fulton  Co. 

John  D.  Hughes,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  12;  P.  O.,  Sum- 
mum;  is  a  native  of  Harford  Co.,  Md.,  born  in  1819.  His  father, 
Taylor  Hughes,  was  also  a  native  of  Md.,  who  moved  to  Ohio, 
where  he  followed  the  occupation  of  cabinet-maker  and  builder;  in 
1817  he  was  married  to  Mary  Demass,  and  they  had  11  children. 
In  1840  he  emigrated  to  this  tp.,  where  in  Feb.,  1877,  he  died. 
Mrs.   H.  still  survives.     In  1838  John  married   Elizabeth  Cooper, 


954  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

by  whom  he  had  4  children,  none  of  whom  are  living,  Mrs.  H. 
died  in  1P47,  and  in  184(S  Mr.  H.  married  Mrs.  Minerva  Meek, 
widow  of  Richard  Meek;  tliey  have  6  children. 

Joshua  Hughes,  farmer,  Avas  born  in  Ohio  in  1826;  at  the  age  of 
14  he  became  a  resident  of  Fulton  Co.,  where  with  the  exception 
of  7  years  spent  in  Kansas  he  has  since  resided:  he  was  married  in 
Woodland  tp.  to  Miss  Zillah  Kelly  ;  9  children  blessed  this  union,  7 
living. 

N.  P.  Hughes,  farmer,  sec.  6 ;  P.  O.,  Summum.  The  above 
named  gentleman  was  born  in  Holmes  Co.,  O.,  in  Sept.,  1837,  and 
is  the  son  of  Taylor  Hughes.  AVhen  the  war  broke  out  he  enlisted 
in  the  85th  Reg,.  111.  Vol.,  Co.  I,  for  8  years'  service;  was  in  13 
battles,  and  the  principal  ones  of  the  Rebellion,  as  Perry ville,  Stone 
River,  Chickamauga,  Kenesaw  Mountain  and  others;  wounded  at 
Atlanta.  In  1855  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Dicy  Prather, 
by  whom  he  has  10  children:  Rose  Ann,  Rosette,  Mary,  Leonidas, 
Lawrence,  Viola  B.,  Arpha,  Louisa,  Judson  and  Olive. 

Wm.  S.  Hughes,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  sec.  16;  P.  O.,  Sum- 
mum  ;  is  a  native  of  Holmes  Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  in  1824; 
at  the  age  of  16  he  accompanied  the  "old  folks"  to  Woodland  tp. ; 
in  1846  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Anna  Anderson,  a 
daughter  of  James  Anderson,  of  Kerton  tp.  Mr.  Hughes'  habits 
of  life  are  temperate;  is  quiet  and  unostentatious  in  his  manner, 
more  of  a  listener  than  a  conversationalist.  Like  all  who  bear  the 
name  in  this  part  of  the  county,  Mr.  H.  is  a  staunch  Republican. 
There  were  born  of  the  marriage  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Hughes,  4  chil- 
dren, 3  of  whom  are  living:  Sarah  E.,  who  married  F.  M.  Elliott; 
Robert  M.,  who  married  Lucinda  J.  McLaren,  a  daughter  of  John 
McLaren  ;  Amanda  resides  on  the  homestead. 

Ethcdrd  Kessler,  farmer,  sec.  3;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  for  the  past  10 
years  Mr.  K.  has  been  a  resident  of  Woodland  tp. ;  he  was  born  in 
Pa.,  on  the  16th  of  October,  1830;  his  father,  Samuel  Kessler,  was 
a  native  of  Pa.,  where  he  married  Miss  Lydia  P^mick.  Edward 
grew  to  manhood  in  Pa.,  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Lucinda  Wolfrum,  by  whom  he  had  4  children.  Dec.  6,  1865,  Mrs. 
Kessler  died,  and  in  1867  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Polly 
Strammel,  by  whom  he  had  6  children,  4  of  whom  are  living  in  this 
township. 

John  F.  Kingcry,  agriculturist,  was  born  in  Fulton  Co.  on  the 
old  farm  homestead  of  his  parents,  Wm.  and  Jane  Kingery,  in  1837  ; 
among  the  rugged  associations  of  pioneer  life  young  Kingery  spent 
his  boyhood.  August,  1862,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H^  85th  lU.  Inf., 
and  partici|)ated  in  numerous  skirmishes  and  the  noted  engagement, 
at  Perrvville.  Auj;.  8,  1858.  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Mrs. 
Catherine  Smith,  a  daughter  of  Harrison  Xewberry,  and  relict  of 
Geo.  Smith.  Of  the  marriage  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  K.  there  were  born 
6  children, — Lafayette,  John  W.,  Edwin  F.,  Thos.  J.,  Clayton  and 
Sadie. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  955 

Emanuel  Leu.,  farmer,  sec.  8 ;  P.  O.,  Summum.  The  gentleman 
from  whom  this  sketch  is  obtained  is  a  native  of  Penn.,  where  he 
was  born  in  the  year  1826;  his  father,  David  Len,  was  also  born  in 
Penn.,  where  he  followed  the  occupation  of  a  shoemaker,  and  where 
he  was  married  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Sennett.  In  1853  Emanuel  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Mrs.  Caroline  Give,  a  daughter  of  Franklin 
Give,  by  whom  he  has  10  children, — Emeline,  Jane,  Matilda, 
Emanuel,  Ida,  Franklin,  Catherine,  John,  Michael  and  Edmund. 
On  the  14th  of  February,  1866,  Mr.  L.  settled  in  Fulton  county. 
Woodland  tp. 

John  C.  J/rn/cr.s,  farmer,  sec.  19;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  was  born  in 
Penn.  Aug.  4,  1815  ;  his  father,  Peter  Mayers,  was  a  farmer  in 
Penn.,  where  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  ISliss  Eve  Brillhart,  who 
bore  hira  12  children,  John  being  the  8th,  who  married  Barbara 
Kisley,  who  bore  him  5  children.  Mrs.  Mayers  died  in  Penn.  in 
1845.  By  his  second  wife,  Lydia  Dressier,  a  native  of  Penn.,  he 
had  2  children;  she  also  died  in  Penn.  in  1850,  and  Mr.  M.  united 
his  fortunes  to  Miss  Mary  \Yenz,  by  whom  he  has  3  children.  Mr. 
Mayers  settled  here  in  1854,  purchasing  his  present  farm  of  80 
acres. 

A.  J.  3fcDermotf,  farmer ;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  was  born  in  1856  in 
Fulton  Co., ;  in  1878  he  married  Mary  Crable,  a  daughter  of  Joseph 
Crable,  who  was  a  native  of  Penn.,  and  moved  to  this  State  in  an 
early  day.  They  have  1  child,  Delia.  Mr.  McD.  resides  upon  the 
old  farm  homestead. 

Robert  McDermott,  agriculturist,  was  born  in  Ireland  ;  while  a  boy 
his  father  died,  and  his  mother  crossed  the  Atlantic  for  America, 
settling  in  Ohio,  where  young  Robert  passed  his  youth  and  grew  to 
manhood;  he  settled  in  Woodland  township,  where,  for  two  seasons, 
he  rented  farm  property ;  one  year  from  the  date  of  his  settlement 
he  married  Miss  Edith  Griffith,  a  daughter  of  William  Griffith,  who 
was  born  in  Coshocton  Co.,  Ohio.  For  several  years  ]\Ir.  McD. 
held  the  position  of  a  Justice  of  the  Peace.  He  died  Jan.  16th, 
1872,  leaving  a  valuable  estate  of  240  acres.  There  were  born  of 
the  marriage  11  children,  4  of  whom  are  living, — Franklin,  who 
married  Mary  J.  Thompson  ;  Andrew  J.,  who  married  Mary  Ann 
Crable;  Laura,  who  married  Warren  Wharton;  Robert,  the 
youngest,  who  resides  on  the  old  homestead. 

Calvin  McKinley  was  born  in  Bond  county.  111.,  in  1829;  his 
father,  John  McKinley,  was  a  native  of  Ohio;  Calvin  accomj)anied 
his  parents  to  Fulton  county  in  a  very  early  day  and  settled  in 
Woodland  township,  where  he  grew  up  amid  pioneer  associations ; 
in  1847,  he  married  Miss  Mahala  C.  Kerran,  a  daughter  of  Benja- 
min Kerran,  by  whom  he  has  9  children, — John,  Nancy,  Henry, 
Chas.,  Joseph,  Rebecca,  Cordelia,  Mahala  and  Freddie.  Mr.  McK. 
is  the  owner  of  150  acres  of  land. 

Chridopher  C.  McLaren,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  4 ;  P.  O., 
Summum;  was  born  in  1847  in  this  county ;  1871  he  married  Miss 


956  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


Louisa  Ck'arv,  a  daughter  of  Henry  Cleary,  deceased,  a  native  of 
Kentucky.  They  have  3  children, — Florence,  Carl  and  Walter. 
In  addition  to  his  farming  operations  Mr.  McL.  is  also  engaged  as  a 
stock-dealer,  in  which  he  meets  with  good  success.  Has  been  School 
Directer,  etc. 

Peter  McLaren  is  a  native  of  Perth,  Scotland,  where  he  was  born 
in  1807;  Robert  McLaren,  his  father,  came  to  America  in  1822; 
settled  in  Woodland  township  in  1827;  Peter,  the  eldest  brother  of 
John  and  Robert  McLaren,  who  reside  in  Astoria  township,  first 
settled  on  Congress  land,  the  farm  now  owned  by  Stephen  Merrill; 
in  1830  he  sold  this  and  purchased  a  farm  of  160  acres  where  he 
now  resides;  in  1835  Mr.  McLaren  married  Lucinda  Saflfern,  by 
whom  he  had  11  children;  5  are  living.  Mrs.  McLaren  died  Nov. 
14,1857;  the  following  year  Mr.  McL.  married  Irilla  Berry,  of 
Ohio,  by  whom  he  has  two  children, — Ellen  and  Sherman.  Mr. 
McLaren  has  participated  in  the  development  of  this  country  from 
its  native  wildness  to  its  present  high  culture. 

William  McLaren,  farmer  and  stock-raiser;  many  years  have 
come  and  gone  since  the  advent  of  William  McLaren  in  this  county ; 
over  half  a  century  ago  four  of  the  McLaren  brothers  crossed  the 
ocean  from  Scotland  and  settled  in  Fulton  county,  Illinois.  Wra. 
was  born  in  Scotland  in  the  year  1820.  In  July,  1841,  he  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Rachel  Fike,  a  daughter  of  John  and 
Sally  Fike,  to  whom  9  children  were  born, — Nancy,  John  N., 
Christopher  C,  Wm.  R.,  Mary,  Israel,  Francis  M.,  Caroline  and 
Belle.  Mr.  McL.  first  entered  an  80-acre  tract  on  which  he  erected 
the  usual  rough,  hewed-log  cabin  and  settled  down  for  hard  work, 
many  acres  of  heavy  timber  yielding  before  his  well  directed  eflbrt, 
Mrs.' McLaren  was  born  in  Ohio  ;  of  her  parents,  save  the  name, 
but  little  is  known  as  they  died  during  the  early  years  of  Mrs.  M. 
John  Fike  was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania,  where  he  was  married  to 
Miss  Sally  Wilkie,  by  whom  he  had  11  children:  but  three  are  liv- 
ing at  the  present  writing. 

W.  R.  McLaren,  physician  and  surgeon,  was  born  in  Woodland 
township,  August  9,  1849,  receiving  his  preliminary  education  in 
the  district  school  of  Woodland  tp. ;  in  18G7  he  proceeded  to  Lew- 
istown  where  he  entered  a  graded  school;  he  next  wended  his  way  in 
search  of  knowledge  to  Knox  county,  where  he  took  a  scientific 
course,  remaining  2  years;  he  then  became  a  student  with  Drs. 
Taylor  and  McCurdy,  of  Vermont,  with  whom  he  remained  2  years. 
In'l875  he  entered' the  College  of  Physicians  and  Surgeons,  Keo- 
kuk, Iowa,  graduating  in  1877;  he  then' located  at  Bluff  City,  where 
he  secures  a  very  fair  i)ractice  ;  in  1877  he  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Lydia  Odell,  of  Rushville. 

Edmund  Miller,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  was  born  in  Pa.,  July, 
1845.  His  lather,  David  Miller,  was  also  a  native  of  Pa.  where  he 
now  resides;  he  married  Miss  Margaret  Wolfgang,  by  whom  he 
had  7  children.     Edmund,  the  5th,  grew  to  manhood  in  Pa.,  where 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  957 

he  becarao  employed  as  a  farm  hand;  in  1868  he  married  Miss  Lydia 
Stramniel,  a  daughter  of  George  Strammel,  who  was  born  in  Pa.,  and 
who  owns  80  acres  of  hind  in  this  township.;  Mr.  M.  has  6  chil- 
dren,— Mary,  David,  Lucy,  George,  Sarah  and  William. 

H.  C.  Mote,  M.  D.  For  over  a  quarter  of  a  century,  Dr.  Mote  has 
met  with  wonderful  success  as  an  oculist;  many  years  ago  his  wife 
was  afflicted  with  a  weakness  in  the  eye,  causing  neuralgic  pains 
which  ultimately  caused  partial  blindness;  for  years  the  husband 
had  treatment  from  eminent  physicians,  all  of  whom  failed  utterly. 
At  last  in  despair  he  began  the  study  of  the  human  eye,  its  ailments 
and  proper  treatment.  In  1859  he  was  rejoiced  at  the  discovery  of 
a  medicine  so  mild  as  not  to  injure,  yet  so  powerful  as  to  accomplish 
the  purpose.  Having  restored  the  eyesight  of  his  wife  in  an  almost 
marvelous  manner  during  the  autumn  of  1859,  he  received  his  first 
patient.  This  was  a  stubborn  case.  But  in  a  short  time  the  Doctor 
had  effected  a  cure.  Since  this  period  he  has  succeeded  so  itmark- 
ably  as  an  oculist  that  we  deem  it  of  local  interest  to  state  that  he  has 
been  successful  in  his  treatment  of  the  following  well  known  parties: 
J.  C.  Lutz,  hardware  merchant,  of  Astoria;  Henry  Lynn,  farmer, 
Schuyler  county;  Charles  and  Nancy  Miner,  of  Adair,  McDonough 
county  ;  Lewis  Zelly,  merchant,  Havana  ;  'Squire  Godby,  of  Peters- 
burg," Menard  county.  111.;  G,  W.  Denton,  same;  James  Matthews, 
wife  and  daughter,  P.  O.,  Virginia,  Cass  county.  111. ;  Mrs.  AVheeler, 
Jasper  county,  Mo.  The  Dr.  was  born  in  Darke  county  Ohio,  in 
1823,  the  son  of  Jeremiah  and  Elizal)eth  (Carlock)  M.  He  married 
Sarah  Gninn  in  1848,  and  they  have  6  children,  one  deceased. 

Jonathan  Newberry.  In  1835  Joseph  Newberry  concluded  to 
better  his  fortunes  by  coming  to  111.;  he  stopped  at  the  little  village 
of  Lewistown  where  he  lived  for  2  years.  Jonathan  was  in  his  19th 
year  when  he  landed  in  Fulton  county,  where  he  soon  began  teaching 
and  was  among  the  noted  pioneer  "masters"  of  the  county.  Jan.  13, 
1876,  after  a  well-spent  life  of  40  years  in  the  school-room,  he  re- 
tired from  scholastic  duties;  May  18,  1843,  he  married  Cynthia  A. 
Snodgrass,  by  whom  he  has  3  chiklren  :  George  W.,  Wm.  and  Eliza 
J.;  John  J.,  deceased.  Jonathan  is  a  native  of  Ohio,  was  born  July 
15,  1817.  His  father,  Joseph  N.,  was  born  in  New  York,  April  27, 
1786.     He  married   Sallie  Worthington,  who  bore  him  10  children. 

Joel  Onion,  farmer;  is  a  native  of  Kentucky,  where  he  was  born 
May  21,  1804;  his  father,  Wm.  Onion,  was  a  native  of  Maryland. 
Joel  was  in  his  6th  year  when  his  parents  moved  to  Indiana.  In 
1836  Joel  and  his  father  directed  their  footsteps  to  Fulton  county, 
Woodland  township.  Joel  had  married  in  Indiana  (in  1827),  Mrs. 
Helena  Siiields,  a  daughter  of  Joseph  and  Martha  Shields,  by  whom 
he  had  10  children  :  7  are  living  at  the  present  writing.  Mr.  O.  not 
long  after  his  arrival,  probably  1838,  purchased  a  claim  and  moved 
into  an  old  log  cabin  ;  the  first  winter  he  taught  school,  being  the 
second  teacher  who  taught  the  pioneer  scholars  in  this  township;  at 
this  time  there  was  but  one  school  building  in  Woodland  township, 

56 


958  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

and  one  in  the  township  of  Astoria.  Mr.  O.  subsoquontly  turned 
his  attention  to  farniin;^;  principally,  althouf^h  he  proved  an  excellent 
nieehanic,  and  built  the  first  bridges  at  Otto  and  Sugar  creek  as  well 
as  the  first  frame  barn  in  the  township. 

James  M.  Otiio)),  farmer,  sec.  9;  P.  O.,  Summum  ;  is  a  native  of 
Fulton  Co.,  where  he  was  born  in  the  year  IS.']');  his  father,  Wm. 
Onion,  was  born  in  Harrison  Co.,  Ind.,  and  followed  farminp;  and 
teaching  school,  having  taught  the  first  school  in  Woodland  tp. 
He  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Jane  Hagan  of  Tennessee,  by 
whom  he  had  4  children,  of  whom  James  was  the  oldest.  AVm. 
Onion  settled  in  Fulton  Co.  during  the  autumn  of  1834.  James 
passed  his  youth  and  grew  to  manhood  in  Fulton  county,  receiving 
a  liberal  education.  In  Aug.,  1861,  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  3d  111. 
Cav. ;  entering  the  service  as  a  j)rivate  soldier  he  aro.se  to  the  posi- 
tion of  2d  Lieut.  He  returned  to  Fulton  county  at  the  close  of  the 
war,  where  he  had  married  while  on  a  furlough  home,  Mrs.  Mary 
E.  Rounds  -I  daughter  of  Col.  Taylor  Hughes,  and  relict  of  Henry 
Rounds.     "W" '  give  Mr.  O.'s  portrait  in  this  volume. 

Alunzo  Pamer,  farmer  and  stc '-rniser,  sec.  5;  P.  O.,  Astoria. 
Alonzo  Palmer  is  a  native  of  th<  Old  D  )minion  State;  was  born  in 
1839.  He  was  in  his  fifteenth  ye;.r  when  his  parents  concluded  to 
make  Illinois  their  home.  In  Fulton  Co.  he  grew  to  manhood,  re- 
ceiving a  liberal  education;  in  1801  he  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Miss  Nancy  J.  McLaren,  a  dauuhter  of  Wm.  McLaren.  They 
have  7  children :  Isidora,  Rachel  A.,  John  W.,  Lillian,  Ashley, 
Charles  and  Nellie. 

Abiier  Perkins,  agriculturist,  is  a  native  of  Maine,  where  he  was 
born  in  the  year  1810;  his  fither,  Stephen  P.,  was  born  in  Maine, 
where  he  married  Miss  Alice  Store.  In  1831  Abner  directed  his 
footsteps  to  Yiroinia,  and  while  living  in  Frcdricl<.sburg  he  united 
his  fortunes  lo  Mi.ss  Asenath  Merrill,  a  daughter  of  Benjamin  Mer- 
rill, of  jSIaine,  by  whom  he  had  5  cliildren,  2  of  whom  are  living: 
Mehetabel  and  L  J.  Perkins.  After  20  y(>ars  he  came  to  Astoria, 
where  then  and  in  subseiiuent  vears  he  tausrht  school.  Miss  Me- 
hetabel  Perkins,  who.se  energetic  and  enterprising  disposition  is 
scarcely  equaled  in  Western  annals,  takes  care  of  the  home  farm, 
having  complete  control,  and  when  the  storms  of  winter  are  too 
cold  for  many  a  strong  man  to  venture  forth,  Mi.ss  P.  may  always  be 
found  hard  at  work,  taking  care  of  the  stock  or  doing  other  farm 
work  with  an  energy  that  savors  strongly  of  ])ioneer  days  when 
women  bore  a  prominent  part  in  the  growth  and  development  of 
the  county.  Miss  P.  has  gained  considerable  local  celebrity  as  a 
prose  and  poetical  writer. 

J.  G.  Porter  is  a  n  .tive  of  the  county  of  Tyrone,  Ireland,  where 
he  was  born  in  1812.  His  father,  John  G.  Porter,  was  a  mechanic 
and  for  32  years  worked  as  a  master  builder  for  Bishop  Porter,  a 
relative.  He  was  marriul  to  Mary  Hannah.  Our  subject  came  to 
America  at  the  age  of  14,  landed  at  Quebec  and  one  year  later  went 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  959 

to  New  York  city  and  lived  15  years.  In  tliat  State  he  married 
Eliza  Ann  Guyan,  who  died  in  Biilfalo  in  1845.  Mr.  P.  became  a 
large  contractor  and  builder.  In  184G  he  came  to  Fulton  Co.  and 
bought  480  acres  ot"  land.  In  1847  he  married  Eliza  A.  Snodgrass, 
by  whom  he  had  10  children,  7  of  whom  are  living, — 4  boys  and  3 
girls. 

Reason  Prather,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  was  born  in  Indiana  in 
1829;  a  little  over  a  year  from  this  date  the  parents  of  our  subject, 
Darius  and  Caroline  Prather,  sto])jied  in  Schuyler  county  one  year, 
and  the  following  year  located  in  Fulton  county  ;  Reason  received  a 
good  education  for  that  period  ;  before  attaining  his  majority  he  was 
united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Rebecca,  daughter  of  Cornelius  O'Don- 
nel,  by  whom  he  l.as  had  (5  children, — Margaret,  Mary,  Riley  (dec), 
Preston,  Benton  (dec),  and  Melinda.  Mrs.  Prather  died  in  1860, 
and  the  following  year  Mr.  Prather  married  Zilpha  Parks,  by  whom 
he  has  6  children.  After  many  years  of  industrious  toil  Mr.  Prath- 
ier  s  the  owner  of  320  acres  of  valuable  land,  and  ranks  among  the 
awelthier  farmers  of  Woodland  tp. 

C/ias.  P«/*Heo,  agriculturist ;  was  born  in  Warren  Co.,  O.,  near  the 
city  of  Lebanon,  June  IG,  1824;  his  father,  Jeremiah  Punneo,  was 
a  wagon-maker  by  trade;  was  of  French  origin.  In  the  early  i)art 
of  his  life  he  lived  in  New  Jersey,  but  became  a  pioneer  of  Ohio, 
locating  at  Cincinnati,  when  that  place  was  small ;  he  was  once  of- 
fered a  lot  near  the  present  court-house  for  the  running  gears 
of  a  wagon;  he  lived  in  Ohio  nuuiy  years;  in  1837  he  set- 
tled in  Woodland  tp.,  where  he  became  successful  as  a  farmer;  he 
died  in  1874.  Mrs.  Punneo,  nee  Jones,  was  a  native  of  New  Jer- 
sey, and  died  when  the  subject  of  tiiis  sketch  was  but  3  years  of 
age,  near  Lebanon,  O.  Mr.  P.  afterward  married  Miss  Elizabeth 
Voorhees,  and  they  had  4  children  ;  of  the  first  marriage  were  6. 
Charles,  the  youngest  child  l)orn  of  this  nuirriage,  was  13  years  of 
age  when  his  jvarents  landed  in  Fulton  Co.;  he  married  Miss  Mary 
Shields,  daughter  of  Kinsey  Shields;  there  were  born  to  them  9 
children.  Mr.  Punneo  is  the  owner  of  120  acres,  all  cleared  through 
his  own  industry. 

James  IF.  L.  Radclijf'c,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec  26  ;  P.  O., 
Bluff  City  ;  born  in  the  District  of  Columbia  in  1831  ;  his  father, 
J.  L.  Radclitfe,  while  in  the  flush  of  early  manhood,  became  drum- 
mer in  the  war  of  1812 ;  was  married  in  Maryland  to  Miss  Mary 
Howard,  by  whom  he  had  11  children;  James,  the  second  son, 
moved  with  his  family  to  Alton,  111.,  in  1834;  at  the  age  of  18  he 
came  to  this  tp.,  where  he  now  resides  and  is  the  owner  of  44  acres 
of  good  land;  in  1858  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  E. 
Dutton,  by  whom  he  has  8  children, — Geo.  W.,  John  R.,  Eugene, 
Horace,  Oliver  J.,  Julia,  Salina  and  James  W. 

John  Raicley,  agriculturist.  The  sui)ject  of  this  sketch  was  born 
in  Penn.  on  the  23d  of  July,  1807  ;  his  father,  Rubert  Rawley,  was 
a  native  of  Delaware,  but  moved  to  Ya.  in  an  early  day,  where  he 


960  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Barghciser,  by  whom  he 
had  11  children;  John,  who  was  the  eldest  born  of  this  marringe, 
grew  to  manhood  in  Ya.,  where  he  was  united  in  marringe  to  Miss 
Barbara  Simmers,  by  whom  he  has  8  children;  from  Ya.  he  moved 
to  Indiana  in  1853  ;  for  nearly  3  years  he  resided  in  Indiana,  and 
then  located  in  Henderson  Co.,  111.,  two  years  later  settling  in 
Woodland  tp.,  Fulton  Co.  In  1870  Mrs.  R.  was  laid  at  rest  in 
Woodland  tp.;  and  in  1873  Mr.  Rawley  united  his  fortunes  to  Miss 
Katie  Saulsbury,  who  died  six  months  later;  April,  1875,  Mr.  R. 
married  Miss  Catherine  Baker,  by  whom  he  has  one  child,  Sarah. 
Mr.  Rawley  ranks  among  the  more  substantial  farmers  and  progres- 
sive citizens  of  this  township. 

Thomas  Beed,  farmer,  sec.  32  ;  P.  O.,  Astoria  ;  was  born  in  Penn- 
sylvania in  1817;  his  father,  John  M.  Reed,  was  born  in  Beaver 
Co.,  Pa.,  a  farmer,  who  married  Mary  Hinds  :  they  had  8  children  ; 
Thomas,  the  fifth,  grew  to  manhood  in  Coshocton  Co.,  O.,  where 
the  family  afterward  removed.  In  1843  Mr.  R.  moved  to  Illinois 
and  first  located  in  Schuyler  Co.,  where  he  married  ;  his  wife  died 
April  27,  '77.     Mr.  Reed  now  owns  160  acres  of  land. 

J.  M.  Roberi>ion,  farmer,  sec.  2U;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  is  a  native  of 
Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  where  he  was  born  in  1842.  His  father,  T.  L. 
Robertson,  was  born  in  Kentuckv,  and  in  an  earlv  dav  moved  to 
Schuyler  Co.  J.  M.  grew  to  manhood  in  Astoria,  learning  the 
trade  of  a  wagon-maker.  In  1861  he  was  united  in  marriage  to 
Mrs.  Labina  Horton,  a  daughter  of  Wm.  Horton,  of  Astoria.  The 
following  year  Mr.  R.  enlisted  in  Co.  G,85th  111.  Inf.,  and  partici- 
pated in  many  important  battles.  ^Ir.  R.  enlisted  for  service  as  a 
2d  Lieutenant,  and  was  promoted ;  at  the  battle  of  Kenesaw  Mt. 
he  received  a  severe  flesh  wound-  The  marriage  of  Mr.  and  !Mj's. 
Robertson  was  blessed  with  9  childi'en, — Walter,  Frank,  Everett, 
Geo,,  Delia,  Sarah,  Oliver,  Nellie  and  Thomas. 

Joseph  Rounds,  farmer,  sec.  1  ;  P.  O.,  Summum  ;  was  born  in 
Brown  Co.,  O.,  in  1815;  he  lived  in  Ohio  many  years,  and  while  a 
resident  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Sarah  Brook,  by  whom 
he  had  8  children  :  7  are  living.  ^Ir.  Rounds  settled  in  Fulton  Co. 
25  years  ago. 

Jame^  Snlishurj/,  farmer  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  32  ;  P.  O.,  Astoria; 
Thomas  Salisbury  located  in  Woodland  t]i.  in  his  25th  year.  He 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Mary  J.  Kline,  of  Vermillion,  111.; 
of  tiieir  9  children  7  are  living, — Nancy,  Amanda  M.,  Caroline, 
Martha  J.,  Lavina,  Robert  and  Levi.  ]\Ir.  Salisbury  became  the 
owner  of  farm  property  and  is  now  living  within  a  short  distance 
of  the  place  where  he  first  settled,  and  has  lived  to  see  the  county 
grow  from  a  dense  wilderness  to  its  present  state  of  prosperty.  He 
strved  in  the  late  war. 

Marcus  Salisbury.  Turning  back  in  the  flight  of  years  to  1827, 
an  early  date  in  pioneer  history,  we  find  Marcus  Salisbury  a  resident 
of  this  county ;  he  is  a  native  of  Indiana,  where  he  was  born  in  the 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  961 

year  1818.  His  father,  Thomas  Salisbury,  came  to  Woodland  tp. 
in  1827,  where  he  entered  land  from  the  Government.  Marcus 
grew  to  man's  estate  here.  He  was  married  in  his  24th  year  to 
Miss  Jane  Kelly,  by  whom  he  had  8  children:  4  are  living: 
AV^ni.,  who  married  Mrs.  Angelinc  Stevens;  Geo.,  who  married  Miss 
Emma  Hughes;  Sarah  J.,  who  married  Simeon  Fuson  ;  Miranda, 
who  married  W m.  Robinson  (deceased). 

H7//ia//i  6'a/w6u/'(/,  agriculturist.  Thomas  Salisbury,  the  father  of 
AVilliam,  was  among  the  earliest  immigrants  here  ;  he  was  a  native  of 
Virginia  and  a  farmer  by  occupation;  married  Miss  Nancy  Dyer,  of 
Kentucky,  by  whom  he  had  11  children;  of  these  William  was  the 
oldest  son ;  at  16  years  of  age  his  parents  came  to  Illinois  and  set- 
tled in  Woodland  township,  where  he  grew  to  mature  years.  In 
1842  he  married  Miss  Rebecca  Griffith,  a  daughter  of  Wm.  Griffith, 
of  Coshocton  county,  O.,  by  whom  he  had  6  children  :  4  are  living, 
— Marion,  Elizabeth  (deceased),  Jackson,  Wm.  and  Edith.  Mrs.  S. 
died  in  1852,  and  in' 1857  Mr.  S.  married  Rebecca  A.  Mason,  by 
whom  he  has  4  children, — Mary,  Mason,  May  and  Harry.  Mr.  S. 
is  the  owner  of  some  300  acres  of  valuable  land. 

Daniel  Severns  was  born  in  Virginia,  moved  to  Ohio,  where  he 
followed  farming  and  married  Miss  Barbara  Buckley,  by  whom  he 
had  13  children.  In  1842  he  came  to  Fulton  county,  settling  in 
Kerton  township,  wLerj  he  died.  John,  the  youngest  son  living, 
was  born  in  Ohio  in  1837,  and  has  with  little  exception  followed 
agricultural  pursuits  through  life  thus  far.  In  1861  he  married 
Rebecca  Beatty,  daughter  of  Robt.  and  Fannie  B.  Four  of  the  6 
children  born  to  them  are  living.  He  owns  a  good  farm  in  Kerton 
township. 

i)at?/f/ <S'.'i/('W.'?,  deceased,  was  born  in  Kentucky,  in  1805;  in  an 
early  day  he  moved  to  Indiana,  where  he  followed  different  vocations, 
as  stone-mason,  farmer  and  cooper;  while  residing  in  Indiana  he 
married  Eliza  Onion,  by  whom  he  had  10  children:  6  are  living, — 
Mary,  who  married  Jacob  Burgess  and  resides  in  this  township; 
Wm.  M',  who  married  Catherine  Barnes  and  resides  in  Ipava ;  C. 
R.,  who  married  Mary  C.  Burgess  and  resides  in  Pleasant  township; 
Martha,  who  marric<l  John  Langston  and  resides  at  Summum ; 
Eliza,  who  married  Nelson  Horton  and  resides  in  Iowa,  and  A.  P. 
Shields,  wiu)  m  irried  Miss  Tamar  Azi)ell,  of  Fulton  county.  Three 
children  blessed  this  union, — Lucius,  Leoni  and  Clifton.  Mr. 
Shields  has  taught  school  during  the  winter  season ;  now  devotes 
his  time  principally  to  farming. 

Eli  Shields,  deceased,  was  born  in  Fulton  Co.,  Feb.  6th,  1837, 
where  he  grew  to  manhood;  on  the  12th  day  of  August,  1858,  he 
was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Eliza  Jane  Littlejohn.  When  the 
war  broke  out  he  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  85th  111.  Vol.  Inf ,  and  pro- 
moted Sergeant;  served  gallantly  during  the  war  and  gave  up  his 
life  in  the  cause  of  his  country  at  the  battle  of  Kenesaw  Mountain. 
There  were  2  children  born  of  this  marriage,  Edward  and  Wm.  H. 


962  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Jesse  V.  Shichh,  farm3r,  P.  O.,  Astoria;  is  a  native  of  Harrison 
Co.,  Intl.,  whore  lie  was  horn  in  1814;  during  the  autumn  of  1828 
he  accompanied  his  mother  and  two  brothers  to  111.,  locating  in 
Schuyler  Co.;  in  1829  they  settled  in  Woodland  tp.,  where  Jesse  is 
now  the  only  survivor  of  this  once  numerous  family;  Feb.  11,  '36, 
Mr.  S.  was  united  in  marriage  with  Miss  Rebecca  Miner,  of  Indi- 
ana, by  whom  Jie  had  13  children,  8  of  whom  are  living;  their 
names  are:  Mary  Ann,  Nathan,  Emisia,  Wm.,  Eliza,  Susan,  Ettie 
and  Lucy.     Mr.  S.  owns  160  acres  of  land  in  this  township. 

John  A.  Shields,  farmer;  the  above-named  gentleman  comes  of  a 
numerous  and  respected  family.  Kinsey  Shields,  the  father  of  our 
subject,  was  one  of  those  spirited  pioneers  whose  every-day  life  was 
full  of  interesting  and  important  events.  He  settled  in  Fulton  Co. 
during  the  winter  of  the  deep  snow  ;  the  following  spring  he  moved 
upon  the  property  now  owned  by  Martin  Horn.  He  built  the  usual 
log-cabin  near  the  house  now  occupied  by  John  Shelley;  here  he 
settled  down  to  the  hard  work  of  clearing.  He  was  a  kind-hearted 
man,  and*  this  may  have  had  much  to  do  with  his  non-success  as  a 
man  of  wealth.  He  was  a  consistent  Christian,  and  a  member  of 
the  United  Baptist  Church.  He  died  in  his  72d  year,  and  was  laid 
to  rest  in  the  16th  cemetery.  Mrs.  Shields  survived  her  huusband 
many  years,  and  was  laid  at  rest  during  the  present  year.  In  1860 
John  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Jane  Smith,  by  whom  he  has 
2  children, — Eliza  and  Louis.  Mrs.  Shields  died  in  1873.  In  1874 
Mr.  S.  united  his  fortunes  to  INIiss  Melvina  Rounds.  Sarah  is  their 
only  child.     Mr.  S.  was  born  in  this  county  in  1833. 

Nathan  Shields,  deceased,  was  born  in  East  Tennessee,  June  8, 
1801  ;  he  was  but  a  child  when  his  parents  removed  to  Harrison  Co., 
Ind.,  where  he  grew  to  the  mature  years  of  vigorous  manhood  ; 
Aug.  6,  1827,  he  married  Polly  Onion,  by  whom  he  had  4  children, — 
Sarah,  Wm.,  Jane  and  Ellen.'  Having  learned  the  trade  of  a  wheel- 
wright, Mr.  S.  for  some  years  followed  his  calling  in  Indiana  ;  in 
1836  he  removed  to  this  county  ;  prior  to  his  emigration  his  wife  had 
died;  shortly  after  his  arrival  he  purchased  a  iarm  of  several  hun- 
dred acres  "in  this  township;  March  5,  1835,  he  married  Mary 
Kingerv,  daughter  of  Tobias  Kingery,  who  came  from  Germany  ; 
8  children  were  born  of  this  marriage:  6  are  living, — Sally,  who 
resides  on  the  homestead;  Henry,  who  married  Mis*^  Tabitha  Wel- 
don  ;  Martin,  who  married  Mary  Van  Meter;  Ellis,  who  married 
Hannah  M.  Hughes;  John  J., "who  married  Ariel  Hughes;  and 
Susan,  who  married  Conrad  Fitz;  Ely,  a  soldier,  was  killed  during 
the  late  war  at  Kenesaw  Mountain;  Nancy,  deceased,  had  married 
Henrv  Rloomfield,  a  brother  of  Gen.  Blooinfield,  of  Rloomington  ; 
on  0"ct.  10,  1866,  Mr.  Shields  died,  leaving  a  valuable  estate  of 
over  200  acres. 

Richard  Shores,  agriculturist,  was  born  in  Coshocton  Co.,  O.,  in 
1823;  his  father,  James,  was  Ixirn  near  the  city  of  Baltimore;  he 
learned  the  trade  of  a  shoemaker  in  his  youth  and  followed  this  call- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  963 

ing  for  a  number  of  years;  for  a  period  taught  scliool,  and  for  13 
years  was  a  Justice  of  tlie  Peace,  and  in  the  war  of  1812  he  took 
an  active  p:irt.  lie  c;inie  to  Woodland  tp.  in  1S51.  He  r(sid(d  here 
until  the  (hiy  of  his  decease,  which  occurred  shortly  alter  the  close 
of  the  Rebellion.  His  remains  now  lie  at  rest  in  ^^'oodhlnd  tp. 
Mrs.  S.  died  shortly  before  her  husband.  l\ichard,  a  patron  of  this 
book,  was  married  in  Ilobiies  Co.,  O.,  to  Miss  Agnes  Newell,  a 
daughter  of  Clias.  and  Nancy  Newell,  by  whom  he  had  9  children, 
4  are  living:  Eliza  J.,  born  Jan.  9,  l<So8;  John  H.,  born  Sept.  8, 
1860;  Arminthi,  born  April  2(),  186'3;  Geo.  .\V.,  born  Jan.  31,  '67. 
Mr.  S.  is  the  owner  of  75  acres  of  valuable  land,  having  disposed 
of  a  p  >rti  )n  of  his  prop2rty.  Politics  are  Republican  generally, 
rather  on  the  indejiendent  order. 

E.  II.  >)  ait'i,  fir.n_'r  an  1  au'tioncer.  Was  born  in  York  Co., 
Co.,  Pa.,  Jan.  14,  1(S41.  His  fithcr,  an  English  sailor,  was  twi(;e 
married;  his  first  wife  was  a  Boston  lady,  and  they  had  4  children; 
his  second  m  irriage  was  to  Miss  Anna  Mary  Havis,  by  whom  he 
had  4  chihhv-n.  E.  H.,  the  eld;,'st  of  the  ehihlren,  received  a  liberal 
.education:  taught  school  two  years;  followed  the  trade  of  a  l)utch- 
er.  Whilj  a  i-esident  of  P.i.,  in  1861,  he  married  Miss  P21izd)eth 
Kecney,  a  daughter  of  Michael  Keeney,  and  they  had  9  children, 
7  of  whom  are  living, — Wm.  H.,  Mary  A.,  Johanna,  Syvilia,  Mary 
J.,  Ell  I  and  Bjujamin  E.  As  an  auctioneer  Mr.  S.  has  had  re- 
m  irk  ible  success.  He  settled  in  Woodland  tp,  11  years  ago,  and 
has  been  Assessor,  etc. 

John  G.  Siiith,  agriculturist,  was  born  in  Coshocton  Co.,  O., 
June  lo,  1822.  His  father,  fJamos  Smith,  was  born  in  Prince  Wil- 
liam Co.,  in  the  Old  Dominion,  where  he  followed  farming,  and 
niirri.'d  Miss  Elizibeth,  daughter  of  Wm  Dawson,  by  whom  he 
had  ()  cliildren,  John,  the  eldest.  In  1839  James  Smith,  with  his 
family,  settled  in  Kcrtiui  township,  where  he  shortly  afterward  en- 
tered 16J  acres.  Mr.  Siuitli  was  in  the  woods  one  day  when  a 
guig  of  doer  were  running  towards  him,  and  he  concealed  himself 
in  a  brush-heap;  the  deer  came  rushing  on,  and  one  deer,  as  he  was 
leaping  over  the  brush-heap,  was  caught  by  Mr.  Smith,  who  held 
and  slew  the  animal  without  weapons.  Mr.  tiames  Smith  died  in 
1811,  an  1  WIS  buried  in  Kertoii  tp.,  where  also  the  remains  of  his 
wife  Ai'si  burieil.  Jo!in  was  in  his  18th  year  when  his  parents  came 
to  Eulton  Co.  June  1"),  1X49,  he  married  Miss  Amanda 
Hiighjs,  a  duightn*  of  Tiylor  IIiij;!ies,  by  whom  In  has  8  children, 
Jame<  T.,  Wm.  J.,  Mary  S.,  Ariel  E.,  Zilla,  John  A.,  Emma  L.  and 
Bjrtha.  Mr.  S.  is  the  own(>r  of  136  acres  of  valuable  land  in  this 
tp. ;  has  been  Constable  and  School  Trustee. 

Eaamid  Spanr/fcr,   fu'iner,  sec.  9  ;    P.   O.,   Summum  ;  many  of 
of  those    who  have  l)e((ime  prospc  nais  in  this  (cunty  are  nr.tives  of 
Pa.,  and  among  this  enterprising  class  of  citizens  Emanuel    Spang- 
ler   must  not  be  overlooked.     He  was  born  in  Adams  Co.,   Pa.,  in 
the  year    1817.     His  father,  Daniel  Spangler,  was  also  a  native  of 


J)64  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

Pa.  In  an  early  day  he  moved  to  Maryland,  where  he  was  united 
in  marriage  to  Miss  Eliz  i  Matthias,  by  whom  he  had  9  children. 
In  1857  Mr.  S.  moved  with  his  family  to  Illinois  and  settled  in 
Pleasant  tp.,  Fulton  Co.  While  residing  here  Mrs.  S.  died,  July  3, 
1866.  Mr.  S.  was  united  in  marriage  by  the  Rev.  Geo.  Weber  to 
Mrs.  Barbara  Horner,  bv  whom  he  lias  3  children. 

Wm.  Springa,  farmer,  sec.  14;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  was  born  in  the 
State  of  Ohio,  October,  1843,  3d  child  of  John  and  Hannah  Springs; 
grew  to  manhood  in  Ohio.  Enlisted  in  Co.  C,  67th  Ohio  Inf.,  and 
participated  in  several  engagements,  and  was  seriously  wounded 
before  Richmond.  In  1868  he  settled  in  Fulton  Co.,  111.,  where, 
on  the  31st  of  December,  1868,  he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss 
Margaret  Kelley,  a  daughter  of  Wm.  Kelley,  by  whom  he  has  5 
children. 

Geo.  W.  Stevens,  hrxner  and  stock-raiser,  sec.  22;  P.  O.,  Sum- 
mum;  was  born  in  Fulton  Co.  in  1844.  His  father,  James  Stevens, 
was  born  in  Kentucky,  where  he  married  Margaret  Peck,  by  whom 
he  had  11  children.  George,  the  7th  child,  grew  up  in  ihis  county. 
In  1870  he  went  to  Oregon,  where  he  became  the  owner  of  160# 
acres  of  good  land,  and  where  until  recently  he  has  been  exten- 
sively engaged  in  sheep-raising;  he  also  owns  a  valuable  farm  in 
this  tp.  In  '79  Mr.  Stevens  married  Miss  Ellen  Pemleton,  a  sister 
of  Judge  Pemleton,  of  Rnshville.  James  Stevens  died  leaving 
some  300  acres  of  valuable  land,  and  his  family  well  provided  for. 
Mrs.  Stevens  survived  her  husband  about  two  years. 

John  R.  Stevens,  ag"iculturist,  was  born  in  Coshocton  Co.,  O.,  in 
1825.  His  father,  Matthew  Stevens,  was  born  in  Pa.,  where  he  fol- 
lowed the  occupation  of  tanner  and  farmer.  Married  Mary  Beal, 
by  whom  he  had  9  children.  John  R.,  the  7th  child,  grew  up  in 
the  Buckeye  State,  where  he  received  a  liberal  education.  In  1856 
Mr.  Stevens  located  in  Woodland  tp.,  where  he  purchased  91  acres 
of  land.  During  the  autum  of  '63  he  enlisted  in  the  war,  and  was 
honorably  discharged  at  the  close,  returning  to  his  old  home  in 
this  tp.,  where  he  has  since  resided.  Their  children  are:  Francis 
M.,  Jas.,  John  M.,  Mary,  Allen,  Wm.  R.  (deceased),  Aaron  and 
Viola  J. 

A.  \V.  Sfeve7}Son  is  engaged  in  agricultural  pursuits  upon  sec.  14. 
P.  O.,  Astoria. 

Solomon  Still,  deceased,  was  born  in  Ohio  in  1831,  where  he  mar- 
ried Maria  Holt,  who  bore  him  10  children.  She  died,  and  he  mar- 
ried Mrs.  Eliza  J.  (Littlejohn),  relict  of  Eli  Shields.  She  was  born 
in  this  county  in  1840.  Mr.  S.  was  killed  in  battle  at  Kenesaw 
Mountain. 

Adroii  Thomas,  agriculturist,  was  born  in  Ohio,  Feb.  22,  1828. 
His  father,  James  Thomas,  was  a  native  of  New  Jersey  ;  his  mother 
Susannah  Thomas,  was  also  born  in  New  Jersey,  and  had  7  child- 
ren :  6  of  whom  are  livinir.  Jas.  Thomas  was  21  vears  of  age  when 
he  located  in  Ohio,  where  he  followed  farming  until  his  removal  to 


HISTORY    OP    FULTON    COUNTY.  965 

Fulton  Co.  in  1850.  Aaron  mirried,  in  Oliio,  Miss.Martha  B.  Leon- 
ard, a  daughter  of  Aaron  and  Rhoda  Leonard,  of  Ohio.  There  were 
born  of  this  marriage  10  cliildren,  6  of  whom  are  living, — Darwin, 
Albert  P.,  Mary  J.,  Susan  K.,  Aaron,  Jas.  E.  In  Aug.,  1862, 
Mr.  Thomas  enlisted  in  Co.  G,  85tii  111.  Inf.  Participated  in  the 
noted  battle  of  Perryville  ;  honorably  discharged.  When  the  war 
closed  he  returned  to  his  old  home  in  Fulton  Co.,  where  he  has 
since  resided,  owning  now  160  acres  of  land. 

Anthony  Thompson,  deceased,  who  settled  in  Fulton  coutity,  in 
1843,  and  who  succeeded  well  in  life  through  well  directed  and  ener- 
getic effort,  was  born  in  Coshocton  county,  O.,  Aug.  13,  1813. 
His  parents,  Samuel  and  Elizabeth  Thompson,  died  during  his 
childhood.  On  settling  in  Fulton  county  he  purchased  some  600 
acres  of  land  in  Woodland  township.  On  the  fifth  of  May,  1844, 
he  was  united  in  marriage  to  Miss  Lucy  Shields,  a  daughter  of  Mc- 
Kenzie  Shields,  who  moved  from  Harrison  county,  Indiana,  to 
Fulton  county  over  a  half  century  ago.  During  the  year  1844  Mr. 
Thompson  moved  into  a  log-cabin  school-house;  this  was  a  novelty 
in  itself  built  of  rough  logs.  In  one  corner  w'as  a  huge  fire-place, 
capable  of  holding  a  log  6  feet  long.  Puncheons  served  for  a  floor, 
etc.  For  5  years  Mr.  T.  lived  in  the  old  school-house,  when  he 
built  a  hewed-log  cabin.  Mr.  T.  ])rospered  raj^dly  and  at  his  death, 
which  occurred  Aug.  5,  1870,  he  had  accumulated  a  well  improved 
farm  of  360  acres.  The  survivors  of  this  familv  are  Marv,  who 
married  Enoch  Thompson;  Benjamin  married  Rachel  McNeil; 
Nancy  married  John  W.  Hagar,  and  Sarah,  who  married  Wm.  H. 
Smith,  and  Jane,  who  married  Harvey  Shelly,  and  Martha,  who 
resides  on  the  old  homestead. 

Jolm  Thompson,  farmer,  P.  O.,  Astoria  ;  he  was  born  in  Maryland 
Aug.  26,  1802  ;  his  father,  Samuel  Thompson,  was  born  in  New 
Jersey,  from  whence  he  removed  to  Maryland,  where  he  was  united 
in  mirriage  to  Miss  Elizabeth  Asher;  they  had  9  children.  John, 
the  eldest  son,  grew  to  manhood  in  Coshocton  county,  Ohio,  where 
he  married  Betsy  Leviston,  by  whom  he  had  two  children, — Samuel 
and  Wm.  Two  years  after  the  decease  of  his  first  wife,  which  oc- 
curred  in  1837,  Mr.  T.  married  Nancy  Markley,  of  Ohio,  by  whom 
he  had  one  child, — Benjamin.  Scarcely  had  a  year  gone  by  when 
this  lady  also  died,  and  in  1840  Mr.  Thom[)son  married  Keziah 
Herell,  by  whom  he  has  9  children.  Mr.  T.  emigrated  to  Fulton 
county  about  1842.     He  is  now  the  owner  of  124  acres  of  land. 

T.J.  Thompson,  farmer;  P.  O.,  Astoria  ;  was  born  in  Schuyler 
county.  111.,  in  1846;  received  a  good  common-school  education; 
his  father,  Wakeman  Thomjison,  resides  in  Schuyler  county,  where 
he  has  been  a  resident  for  40  years,  living  in  afflcnt  circumstances; 
he  is  a  native  of  Ohio,  where  he  married  Elizabeth  Hulton.  Thomas 
was  the  sou  born  of  the  first  marriage.  Mr.  T.  alter  the  decease  of 
his  second  wife  married  ^[ahala  McDaniel,  in  April,  1870.  Thomas 
married  Elizabeth  Mote,  daughter  of  H.  C.  Mote,  by  whom  he  has 


966  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

2  children, — Belle  and  Allie.     ]\Ir.  Tliompson  is  the  owner  of  200 
acres  of  land. 

Win.  Thompson,  SLgricuhin'ist;  was  born  in  McDonough  county, 
111.,  in  18-13;  while  quite  .small  his  parents,  Wakeman  and  Eliza- 
beth Thompson,  located  in  Schuyler  county,  where  he  received  a 
liberal  education  from  his  earliest  years.  Mr.  Thorn j)Son  has  fol- 
lowed farming,  trading,  displaying  the  usual  Yankee  ingenuity  and 
shrewdness;  born  amid  pioneer  surroundings,  his  life  has  not  been 
marked  by  any  stirring  events.  While  a  ret^ident  of  Schuyler  Mr.  T. 
held  several  offices  of  local  note  as  Constable  and  Dej)uty  Sheriff. 
In  1807  Mr.  Thompson  was  uniti'd  in  marriage,  in  Fulton  county, 
to  Mary  Wilson,  daughter  of  Charles  Wilson,  of  Ohio,  who  died 
many  years  ago,  leaving  1  child,  Corda,  born  in  Fulton  county. 

Moses  Van  Sickle,  i'avmer,  sec.  6;  P.  O.,  Astoria;  was  born  in 
Venango  county  Pa.  in  1<SU(J;  his  father,  Al)raluim  Van  Sickle, 
settled  in  Pa.,  in  an  early  day,  where  he  married  Miss  Mary  Jewel, 
by  whom  he  had  4  children, — John,  Moses,  Edith  and  Nellie; 
he  moved  to  Hamilton  county,  Ohio,  in  an  early  day,  where  our 
subject  resided  up  to  his  3Uth  year;  he  married  Maria  Marshall,  and 
they  have  0  children, — Abraham,  Mary  Ann,  J.  M.,  Andrew  and 
Margaret.  In  \Ho\)  Mr.  V.  came  to  Fulton  county,  horseback, 
settling  in  Woodl  ind  township,  where  he  bought  200  acres  of  land. 
Is  in  comfortable  circumstances. 

George  I ra^r/o^e/-,  deceased,  settled  in  Fulton  county,  in  1865; 
was  born  in  Adams  county,  Pa.,  in  1823;  followed  farming;  mar- 
ried Miss  Maria  Little,  daughter  of  John  and  Elizabeth  Little. 
When  the  war  broke  out  George  Waggoner  enlisted  in  Co,  B,  101st 
Pa.  Veteran  Volunteers,  served  i)  montl)s,  was  honorably  discharged  ; 
came  to  Woodland,  where  he  bought  40  acres;  sub.sequently  he  pur- 
chased the  present  homestead  property,  consisting  of  120  acres  of 
well  improved  land;  in  1875  he  died,  leaving  his  wife  and  10 
children, — John  A.,  who  was  a  soldier  in  the  late  war,  Geo.  R.,  also 
a  soldier,  Wm.  J.,  Margaret  E.,  Mary  C,  Henry  F.,  Jane  A.,  Sarah 
A.,  Ida  J.  and  Ellen  F. 

L.  L.  11  a/>.v/!c/t/,  physician  and  surgeon,  Summum ;  was  born  at 
King6ville,  Ashtabula  Co.,  Ohio,  Sept.  5,  1835;  educated  at  Kings- 
ville  Academy;  he  became  employetl  in  1856  as  clerk  in  a  drug 
store,  having  had  commenced  medical  study  in  1855;  in  1854  he 
shij)ped  before  the  mast,  rapidly  gaining  a  knowledge  of  nautical 
life;  he  arose  to  the  position  of  "id  mate;  in  1851)  he  entered  the 
office  of  Dr.  Andrew  Merrimau,  remaining  during  the  summer ;  in 
autumn  he  made  his  way  to  Illinois,  locating  in  Woodland  tp.,  where 
he  again  began  his  studies  with  Dr.  Har})er,  of  Bath;  in  ISGI  he 
came  to  Summum  and  resumed  his  studies  with  Dr.  J.  H.  Breeden  ; 
before  the  close  uf  the  year  he  took  up  his  residence  at  Bath,  Mason 
Co.;  resumed  study  with  that  .-^killlul  |)raetitioner,  Dr.  Fullerton; 
during  the  spring  of  1862  he  returned  to  Summum,  entering  into 
partnership    with    Dr.    Breeden,  remaining    until    lti63;  the    win- 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  967 

ter  of  that  year  and  the  following  he  spent  at  Rush  Medical  College, 
Chicago,  where  his  time  was  profitably  em})loyed.  After  his  return 
from  Chicago  to  Summum  he  entered  upon  his  life  work  as  a  physi- 
cian. Oct.  16,  1861,  he  married  Dorothea  Guest,  and  they  have 
3  children. 

Lindsay  Ward,  farmer  and  blacksmith,  was  born  in  N.  C.  Sept. 
25,  1818;  his  lather,  Ely  Ward,  was  also  born  in  N.  C,  where  he 
followed  farming  and  passed  the  remainder  of  his  days;  he  married 
Nancy  Hayworth,  by  whom  he  had  5  children  ;  the  only  ones  now 
living  in  this  State  besides  the  subject  of  this  sketch,  are  Ruhania 
and  Jacob  T.  Lindsay  Ward  married  in  North  Carolina  Miss 
Meca  Cecil,  by  whom  he  had  2  children, — Epirva  J.  and  Mary; 
in  1846  Mr.  W.  came  to  111. ;  in  1863  Mr.  W.  moved  to  Astoria  tp., 
the  following  spring  locating  in  Woodland,  where  he  purchased  his 
present  farm  of  94  acres;  in  1856  he  married  Priscilla  Ludluni,and 
their  children  are  Ilattie  C,  Ulysses  G.,  Alfred  E.  and  Gertrude. 

Samuel  Weese,  agriculturist,  is  a  native  of 'East  Tenn.,  Knox  Co., 
whore  he  was  born  Feb.  16,  '14,  of  Dutch  descent.  His  lather, 
John  Weese,  was  born  in  Virginia.  Married  Susan  Mamuck  ;  3 
sons  and  6  daughters  blessed  this  union,  of  whom  Samuel  was  the 
3d  child.  John  Weese  was  a  soldier  in  the  war  of  1812,  serving 
through  the  whole  campaij.  n.  Samuel  spent  his  boyhood  in  Ten- 
nessee. Feb.  18,  1834,  he  married  Rebecca  Weese,  a  daughter  of 
John  Weese,  who  was  born  in  England,  and  whose  wife,  Susan, 
nee  Spencer,  was  born  in  Germany.  In  1836  Mr.  W.  with  his 
fatnily  came  to  Indiana,  locating  in  Parke  Co.  At  the  end  of  3 
years  they  came  to  \\'oo(lland  tj).  About  5  years  afterward  Mr. 
W.  ]>urcliased  160  acres  of  land  ;  is  now  the  owner  of  220  acres. 

JR.  G.  Zimmerman,  firmer.  This  gentleman  is  a  native  of  Knox 
Co.,  O.,  where  he  was  born  Feb.  22,  1839.  His  father,  David 
Zimmerman,  was  born  in  Knox  Co.,  where  he  followed  the  career 
of  a  merchant.  While  a  resident  of  Oliio  he  was  united  in  mar- 
riage to  Miss  Rebecca  Giffbn,  by  whom  he  had  9  children  :  8  arc 
living, — Robert,  the  oldest  son,  was  in  his  19th  year  when  his 
parents  located  in  Fulton  county.  A\'hen  the  war  broke  out  he 
enlisted  in  Co.  H,  3d  111.  Cav.,  for  3  years,  proceeding  to  the  front 
as  a  non-commi.sf«ioned  officer;  through  meritorious  conduct,  before 
the  close  of  the  war,  he  was  promoted  to  the  position  of  a  2d  Lieut. 
In  1863  Mr.  Z.  was  united  in  marriage  to  Lucinda  Robertson,  who 
died  in  1865.  In  1870  he  was  married  to  Miss  Almira  Bennett. 
Louis:i,  Barton  and  an  infant  are  their  children. 

TOWNSHIP     OFFICIALS. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  the  township  officials  serving  since  the 
organization  of  the  township,  together  with  the  years  of  serving: 


968  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


SUPERVISORS. 

N.  Ventch  1850  G.V.Hopkins 1861 

Luke  p:iliott 1851-52  RolxTt  MrDeriiiott 18H2 

,    A.  llowarJ 1H53  Levi  Ilnrton ]8()4-69 

vi  Isaac  Linley 1854  J.  H.  Lalicker 1870 

Joel  Onion 1855  W.  Stcpliens 1871-72 

G.V.Hopkins.... 1856  Joel  Onion 1878-74 

J.  B.  Horton 1857  G.  W.  Unfiles 1875 

G.  V.  Hopkins 1858-59  Lnke  Elliott 1876 

J.  B.  Morton 1860  K.  G.  Ziiumerman 1877-79 

TOWN    CLERKS. 

Amaziah  Howard 1850-52  O.  W.  Vandever 1863-64 

JamesCooper 1853  F.  Laliiker 1865 

Joel  Onion 1854  J.  H.  Liilicker 1866-69 

J.  O.  Smith 1855  L.  S.  Bioonifiel.i 1870 

O.  W.  Van.lever 1856-58  R.  G.  Zimmerman 1871-72 

JamesCooper 1859-60  T.  S.Camp 1873 

Levi  Horton 1861  S.  D.  Stoner 1874 

E   W.  Bennett 1862  L  L.  Camp 1875-79 

ASSESSORS. 

Stephen  Merrill 1850  R.  G.  Zimrnerman 1867 

Kinzie  Shiel.ls 1851  Reuben  Rawley 1868 

John  Farwell 1852-55  L  L.  Camp 18()9 

John  Sclunk 1856  Jaiol)  Palmer 1870 

^Vm.  Munson 1857-59  Reuhen  Rawlev 1871 

John  S.henk  1860  L.  Elliott 1872 

Wm.  Munson 1861  I.L.Camp 1873 

S.  D.  Hamra 1862  J.  H.  Lalicker 1874 

Wm.  Stephens 1863  J.O.Smith  1875 

"\Vm.  .Munson 1864  J.  M.  Robertson 1876-79 

Wm.  Stephens 1865-66 

COLLECTORS. 

Simeon  Veatch 1850-52  W^m.  Horton 1865 

J.  S.  Gasaway 18.)3  Reuben  Rawley 1866-67 

Jonathan  Newberrv 1854  Wm.  Stephens 18(i8-69 

James  Cooper ' 185.V57  I.  L.  Camp 1870 

Samuel  Lovell 1858  James  Severns 1871 

O.  W.  Vandever 1859  A.  J.  Horton 1872-73 

William  .Munson 1860  A.  P.  Siiields 1874 

William  Horton 1861-62  Thomas  Sliores 1875-76 

S.  D    Horner l.S()3  Samuel   Fitz  1877 

Levi  Cooper 1864  Jonas  Heltzel 1878-79 


YOUNG  HICKORY  TOWNSHIP. 

This  township  was  named  by  the  people  at  the  first  regular  town- 
ship election  in  1850,  and  in  honor  of  General  Jackson.  It  was 
first  named  "  Hickory,"  but  there  being  another  township  by  that 
name  in  the  State  it  was  changed  to  its  present  name.  Although  a 
small  township,  Young  Hickory  has  a  very  interesting  history. 

Upon  the  southeast  quarter  of  section  2H,  in  the  valley  of  Big 
Coal  creek  and  near  its  confluence  with  Spoon  river,  owned  by 
Nathaniel  -Aylsworth,  stands  a  mound  in  the  shape  of  a  frustum  of 
a  cone.  Around  this  hundreds  of  bullets  have  been  picked  up. 
Some  of  these  ancient  missiles  are  exactly  like  the  minie  and  Spring- 
field balls  of  to-day.  There  is  also  another  kind,  which  are  pointed 
at  one  end  and  flat  at  the  other.  This,  no  doubt,  was  the  location 
of  one  of  the  chain  of  forts  erected  by  the  French  from  Lake 
Michigan  to  the  Gulf  of  Mexico,  as  it  is  on  a  direct  line  from  old 
Fort  Clark,  now  Peoria,  to  Fort  Madison,  on  the  Mississippi 
river,  both  of  which  were  French  forts  and  constituted  a  part  of 
this  great  chain  of  defence.  Sixty  years  ago  the  Pottawatomie  In- 
dians lived  on  this  same  section,  and  U])on  the  southeast  quarter 
buried  their  dead.  Mr.  Aylsworth  found  the  skeleton  of  an  Indian 
in  the  trunk  of  a  large  white-oak  tree,  which  he  cut  down  several 
years  ago.  Another  was  found  in  the  trunk  of  an  elm.  Peter 
Beer  and  James  Kline  exhumed  an  Indian  skeleton  here,  which  had 
buried  with  it  jewelry,  silver  coin,  a  gun  and  a  British  General's 
golden  epaulets.  Here,  also,  ujwn  section  28,  are  the  once  famous 
trading-house  springs,  the  largest  being  at  the  head  of  Goose  Lake, 
on  Spoon  river.  A  part  of  the  remains  of  this  old  Indian  trading- 
house  was  to  be  seen  only  a  few  years  ago  mouldering  away  by  the 
spring,  while  the  latter  flowed  ou  as  fresh  and  gayly  as  it  did  the 
day  the  house  was  i)uilt. 

It  is  claimed  by  some  that  Laban  Reynolds  was  the  first  settler, 
and  by  others  John  Beer  is  accorded  tiiat  honor.  It  is  not  positive- 
ly known  when  the  former  settled  here,  but  the  latter  located  upon 
the  southeast  quarter  of  section  28  in  1829.  Thomas  Hummell 
came  during  the  same  year.  Robert  Combs  and  Henry  Alms  set- 
tled here  in  1835,  and  David  Cowman  and  Ludwick  Kline  and 
others  came  the  following  year.  Robert  Combs  and  the  widow  of 
Henry  Alms  are  all  still  living  here,  each  of  them  at  the  ripe  old 
age  of  eighty-three.  Mr.  Alms  fought  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  his 
father  served  in  the  Revolution  under  Washington. 


970  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

The  first  school-house  in  the  township  was  upon  section  36  in 
1835,  and  the  first  teacher  was  Mr.  Barnes.  There  is  no  regularly 
surveyed  town  in  Young  Hickory,  yet  Midway  is  a  little  village  of 
about  forty  inhabitants,  and  is  situated  upon  sections  2  and  11.  It 
contains  a  store,  blacksmith-shop  and  pdsttjffice.  London  Mills  is 
also  another  ])ostotiice  in  this  township.  It  is  located  upon  the 
northwest  quarter  of  section  3.  In  it  are  two  stores  and  a  black- 
smith-shop. 

There  are  seven  school-1  oases  and  three  churches  in  the  township. 
The  Christians  (Xew  Lights)  had  an  organization  here  at  one  time, 
but  some  of  the  members  have  moved  away,  and  some  have  died, 
until  the  congregation  has  grown  so  small  that  regular  services  are 
no  longer  held.  The  first  death  in  the  township  was  that  of  Joseph 
Smith. 

Waterspout. — In  1868,  upon  the  farm  of  AVm.  Taylor,  occurred 
a  wonderful  phenomenon.  On  passing  his  large  spring  near  the  old 
trading-house  spring  he  observed  that  a  great  flood  had  .  swept  the 
vegetation  and  logs  down  the  hill  and  along  the  course  of  the  spring. 
On  tracing  it  up  the  hill  he  found  the  place  at  which  it  struck  the 
ground.  It  washed  out  a  great  hole  like  that  of  a  cellar.  In  1874 
the  same  thing  recurred,  and  in  the  very  same  spot,  which  is  pre- 
cisely over  the  spring.  Mr.  T.  also  states  that  almost  every  tree 
upon  the  hill  in  the  vicinity  of  the  spring  has  been  struck  with 
lightning. 

Amaruf/ia. — Near  the  center  of  the  township  is  the  spot  where 
in  early  days  some  of  the  settlers  would  congregate  for  sport,  such 
as  horse-racing,  shooting  matches,  prize  fights,  etc.  Some  of  them 
would  take  a  little  too  much  bourbon,  and  appeared  very  ridiculous, 
to  sav  the  least,  which  on  one  occcasion  brought  Ibrth  the  following 
remirk  from  one  of  the  old  settlers:  "They  look  more  like  Amarii- 
gians  than  anything  else."  The  people  took  up  the  name  and  chris- 
tened the  place  Amarugia,  by  which  that  vicinity  is  known  even  to 
this  day,  and  the  time  was  when  all  persons  living  in  Young  Hick- 
ory  were  known  as  Amarugians  for  twenty  to  thirty  miles  around. 

CHURCHES. 

Midwaii  Episcopal  Methodist  Church.  Organized  in  '64  under  the 
name  of  Christian  L^nion.  In  1866  it  adopted  the  name.  Episcopal 
Methodist.  Some  call  it  the  Southern  Methodist,  which,  however, 
is  wrong.  It  is  true  there  was  an  agreement  between  the  M.  E. 
Church,  South,  and  the  Christian  Union  of  Illinois  in  convention 
assembled  in  1866,  to  adopt  the  name  Episcopal  Methodist  and 
become  one  Church,  providing  the  communicants  of  the  respective 
Churches  should  ratify  such  agreement.  This  was  done  by  the  lat- 
ter unanimously,  but  the  former  refused  to  do  it.  The  church  edi- 
fice was  erected  in  1868.  Present  membership  37  ;  Pastor,  Rev.  J. 
W.  Jones. 

Mount  Pleasant   Methodist  Episcopal  Church  of  Midway  was  or- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  971 

ganizcd  about  tlie  year  183G,  with  12  members.  A  building  was 
er>3cted  in  1851.  A  portion  of  the  members  disconnected  tliemselves 
from  tlie  Church  during  tlie  war,  and  finally  became  the  Episcoj)al 
Methodist  Church.  The  old  house  was  sold  and  a  new  edifice  erect- 
ed in  1869.     Rev.  Mr.  Brink,  Pastor. 

Lynn  Chapel  United  Brethren  Church  was  organized  in  1856  by 
Martin  Philllppi,  with  only  three  members,  viz:  Mr,  and  Mrs. 
Phillipi  and  Isaac  Fry.  The  present  membership  is  25.  Services 
are  held  every  alternate  Sunday  by  Rev.  N.  S.  Norton,  Pastor. 
The  church  structure  was  erected  in  1872. 

BIOGRAPHICAL   SKETCHES. 

Nathaniel  Ayhworth  is  a  native  of  Seneca  county,  N.  Y.,  where 
he  was  born  March  20,  1820.  He  is  the  son  of  Daniel  and  Anna 
(Hopkins)  Aylsworth.  In  the  year  1835,  he  went  to  Ohio  and  en- 
gag;ed  as  boatman  on  the  Ohio  canal,  and  in  18;3()  was  emjjloyed  on 
a  Government  steamer,  and  the  same  year  voted  for  Martin  Van 
Buren,  being  but  16  years  old;  came  to  Fulton  county  in  1837,  and 
slept  in  the  only  house  that  was  then  In  Canton  ;  taught  school  4 
years.  He  had  the  cholera  during  the  ]irevalence  of  that  plague  in 
1849,  and  was  alone  in  his  store  in  Ellisville,  but  cured  himself. 
He  was  married  Dec.  18,  1854,  to  Mary  Hatfield,  whose  mother  is 
living  with  them  at  the  age  of  81  years.  They  have  had  5  children, 
4  of  whom  are  living, — David,  Austin,  Lydia  A.  and  May.  Mr. 
A.  is  au  engineer  by  trade;  owns  and  operates  a  saw-mill  on  Big 
Coal  creek  ;  also  a  farmer. 

R.  W.  Combs  was  born  in  Greenbrier  county,  Va.,  Nov.  22,1796; 
came  to  Fulton  county,  in  1835;  in  younger  days  he  worked  at  the 
wagon-maker's  trade,  but  has  generally  followed  flirming;  owns 
395  acres  of  land;  lives  on  sec.  1  ;  P.  ().,  Midway;  was  Justice  of 
the  Peace  16  years,  has  been  School  Director  and  Assessor;  mar- 
rie(J  Martha  Parker  June  4,  1818;  has  had  6  boys  and  4  girls,  of 
whom  3  are  dead  and  the  rest  married. 

3Iorrison  Darland  was  born  Nov.  8,  1812,  in  Preble  county,  O., 
son  of  Isaac  and  Jane  Darland;  came  to  this  county  in  1835,  is  a 
successful  farmer  and  has  369  acres  of  land;  resides  on  sec.  13;  P. 
O.,  Fairview;  has  been  School  Director  and  Road  Commissioner; 
in  1837  he  married  Ann  Shreves,  and  they  had  3  boys  and  1  girl: 
two  living.  In  1855  he  married  Jane  Rist,  and  tliey  have  2  boys 
and  2  girls, — the  boys  living.  Mr.  D.  first  settled  on  the  land  where 
Fairview  now  stands. 

Hardji  A.  Normll  was  born  Sejit.  29,  1831,  in  N.  C. ;  son  of  James 
and  Mahala  Norvill ;  was  brought  to  Fulton  county  when  4  or  5 
years  old;  is  a  farmer  on  80  acres  of  sec.  9;  has  been  School  Direc- 
tor, Commissioner  of  Highways,  Constable  and  Pathmaster;  has  2 
sons  and  1  daughter  living.     P.  O.,  London  Mills. 


972  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


3L 

Pa 


\fi's.  Caroline  {Swartz)  PhUUppi  was  born  in   Westmoreland  Co., 

,  June  12,  1827;  received  a  common-school  education,  and  was 

married  October  15,  '46  to  Martin  Phillijipi,  who  brought  his 
family  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1855.  They  have  had  10  children,  9  of 
whom  are  living  and  all,  except  3  youngest,  members  of  the  U.  B. 
Church.  Emma  and  Amanda  are  teaching  school;  three  are  mar- 
ried, and  Wm.  remains  at  home,  runs  and  takes  care  of  the  farm. 
Mr.  Phillippi  departed  this  life  Jan.  20,  '73.  Mr.  P.  filled  the 
offices  of  Class-Leader,  Steward  and  S.  S.  Superintendent.  Mrs.  P. 
is  a  sister  of  Esquire  Swartz,  of  Fairview.      P.  O.,  Midway. 

Joseph  Prosser  was  born  Oct.  7,  1825,  in  Ohio,  son  of  Joseph  and 
Eliza  Prosser;  came  to  this  county  in  1840;  is  a  farmer  on  sec.  10, 
in  good  circumstances;  has  169  acres  of  land;  was  Corporal  in  Co. 
B,  103(1  111.  Inf ;  married  Betsey  E.  Xorvill  in  1845;  has  had  5 
sons  and  5  daughters;  one  boy  and  three  girls  have  died.  P.  O., 
Midway. 

Jacob  W.  Rose,  son  of  Isaac  Rose,  of  Deerfield  tp.,  was  born  in 
Somerset  Co.,  Ohio,  April  1,  1832.  His  parents  came  to  Fulton  Co. 
in  '38.  He  is  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  Young  Hickory  tp.  He 
celebrated  Washington's  birthdav  in  1855  bv  marrving  Willmina 
Hageman,  who  has  borne  him  3  children  ;  of  these  but  one  (John) 
is  living.  Thev  have  with  them  a  grandchild,  whose  mother  died 
when  it  was  but  a  week  old.  Mr.  R.  is  a  farmer;  his  saw-mill 
burned  down  in  June,  1878. 

Lewis  Schufer  was  born  in  Germany,  June  16,  1825,  son  to  Jacob 
and  Elizabeth;  came  to  America  in  1833  and  to  Fulton  Co.  in 
1848  ;  never  went  to  school  ;  learned  the  tailor's  trade,  clerked  some, 
and  taught  school  awhile;  has  followed  farming  since  1852;  has  67 
acres;  is  on  sec.  23;  P.  O.,  Ellisville;  served  in  most  of  the  town- 
ship offices;  Sept.  1,  1853,  married  Susan  Rist ;  has  2  boys  and  1 
girl, — Mary  E.,  born  Aug.  7,  1854;  Franklin  P.,  June  7,  1858,  and 
Webster  Lee,  Julv  18,  1866. 

G.  \V.  Shreves  'was  born  in  Bedford  Co.,  Pa.,  Feb.  13,  1831,  son 
of  Samuel  and  Abigail  (Cook);  came  to  the  county  in  1854;  js  a 
prosperous  farmer  on  sec.  12,  owning  180  acres;  has  been  School 
Director  and  Road  Commissioner;  in  1854  he  married  Isabel  An- 
derson, and  they  had  2  boys  and  2  girls;  2d  wife,  Caroline  Suod- 
grass,  whom  he  married  in  1866.     P.  O.,  Midway. 

Robert  Snodfjrass  was  born  in  Knox  Co.,  111.,  in  1843,  son  of 
James  and  Clara  S. ;  is  a  successful  farmer  on  sec.  12,  this  tp.,  hav- 
ing 166  acres  of  land;  was  in  the  war,  in  Co.  D,  103d  111.  Inf.; 
Dec.  1,  1866,  married  Sarah  J.  Gunnett ;  George  M.,  born  Dec.  22, 
1870,  is  their  onlv  living  child.     P.  O.,  Midwav. 

Daniel  A.  Swcgle,  farmer,  sec.  13;  P.  O.,  lairvicw,  is  a  son  of 
Isaac  and  Margaret  (Allegar)  Swegle,  of  Fairview  tp.,  and  was 
born  in  this  county  Feb.  19,  1854;  was  married  Sept.  10, '78,  to 
Miranda  Hart,  daughter  of  Geo.  W.  Hart,  of  Fairview  tp. 

Peter  Voorhees,  farmer,  sec.   13 ;  P.  O.,  Ellisville,     Mr.  V.  is  a 


HISTORY    OF    FUI/rON    COUNTY.  973 

son  of  John  S.  Voorhees,  of  Fairview,  and  was  born  Nov.  17,  '37, 
in  Somerset  conntv,  N.  J. ;  was  brought  to  this  conntv  when  but  6 
months  old.  Enlisted  Aug.  13,  '62,  in  Co.  D,  103rd 'ill.  Inf.,  and 
was  wounded  3  times.  Was  married  Sept.  29,  '64,  to  Margaret 
Hageman,  daughter  of  Isaac  Hageman.  She  died  suddenly  March 
1,  '79.  The  youngest  child,  Cluirles  Leslie,  followed  his  mother 
July  5,  '79.  Mr.  V.  is  a  member  of  the  Christian  Church,  of 
which  his  wife  had  been  a  consistent  member  for  several  years. 

Hm.  IW'cnrr,  who  died  the  past  spring  (1879)  at  his  residence  in 
Young  Hickory  tp.,  came  to  this  county  at  a  very  early  day.  He 
was  a  native  of  Pennsylvania.  His  wife  was  Polly  Cornwell,  of 
that  State.  Their  children  are:  Abigail,  Isaac,  Joshua,  David, 
Nancy  and  Mary. 

Peter  W/iittiel  was  born  in  Beaver  county,  Pa.,  Dec.  4,  1804.  He 
was  a  member  of  the  Penn.  Rifle  company,  and  his  brother,  Henry, 
was  in  the  war  of  1812,  and  is  now  living  in  Texas  at  the  age 
of  89  years.  Mr.  W.  married  March  11,  '40,  Isabel  Aton,  by 
whom  he  had  7  girls.  She  died  May  30,  '65.  He  married  widow 
Kline  in  '73.  Three  of  his  children  only  are  living, — Mary  A., 
Lissie,  and  Queen.  His  grandson,  James,  is  living  with  him.  P. 
O.,  EUisville. 

TOWNSHIP   OFFICIALS. 

The  following  gentlemen  have  served  the  township  since  its  or- 
ganization in  the  various  otHcial  capacities  named : 

SUPKRVISORS. 

J.  Wallack 18o0-51  Chas.  Beer 1869 

\Vm.  Flowers 18o2  S.  B.  Beer 1870-71 

Jacob  Do wni  11 lSo3-54  Jacob  Fisher 1872 

Isaac  Weaver ]8.')5  Simon  Butler 1878 

N.  H.  Walworth 1856  I).  T.  Dod.is 1874 

John  Roberts 1857-58  Wm.  G.  Swartz 1875 

David  Rose 185W-61  George  W.  Beer 1876 

E.  B.  Hibbard 1:62-68  Simon  Butler 1877 

Chas.  Beer 1864-67  John  Swigart 1878 

Joseph  Sparks 1868  Chas.  Beer 1879 

TOWN     CLERKS. 

William  G.  Pwartz 1859-63  Lewis  Shafer 1872-73 

Matthew  Beer 1864  James  H.  Rodenbaugh 1874-78 

Lewis  Srhafer 1866-69  Lewis  Schafer 1879 

J.  W.  Rist 1870-71 

ASSESSORS. 

Jacob  Fisher 1859-61  Joseph  Sparks 1874 

Matthew  Beer 1866-69  Andrew  J.  Harlan 1875-76 

James  Martin 1870  James  Ro<lenbaugh 1877 

Alonzo  Strong 1871  Matthew  Fk-er 1878 

Simon  Butler 1872  David  T.  Dodds 1879 

Wm.  G.  Swartz 1873 

57 


974 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


COLLECTORS. 


Josenh  W.  Marklev 1859-60 

E   B.  Hil)l)iir<l. ." ]S(il 

W.T.  Morris  18()2 

Joseph  \V.  Marklev 18(53 

"\V.  G.  Swartz 18(54 

Geo.  \V.  Beer 18(55 

Jolin  G  Osl.orn 186(5-67 

Josepl)  W.  Marklev.. 18(58 

Aiiilrew  Alteniuskey 1869 

Lewis  Schafer 1870 


Abraham  Shallenberger 1871 

James  Matteer '. 1872 

John  Swi^'art 1873 

CassQiiinn. 1874 

Saiinu'i  Huminell 1875 

John  O   Beer 1876 

C.  P.  Fisher 1877 

R<>l)ert  8iioilj.'rass 1878 

W.  D.  L.  Hummell 1879 


i 


CHAPTER  XVI. 

POIJTICAL. 

In  this  chapter  we  give  the  returns  of  every  election  held  in  the 
county,  so  far  as  we  could  obtain  tlieni.  The  records  of  many  of 
the  earlier  elections  are  lost, — indeed,  all  those  not  given  below  are 
not  among  the  archives  of  the  County  Clerk's  office.  As  those 
elections  were  held  prior  to  the  days  of  newspapers  in  this  county, 
the  Clerk's  office  is  the  only  place  we  could  expect  to  find  them.  In 
the  compilation  of  this  chapter,  fi)r  its  accuracy  and  fullness  we  are 
greatly  indebted  to  Mr.  Frank  P.  Paull,  Deputy  County  Clerk,  ex- 
Sheriff  David  J.  Waggoner  and  Wm,  T.  Davidson,  editor  of  the 
Democrat,  all  of  whom  assisted  us  very  materially  in  collecting  the 
matter. 

To  give  some  idea  of  the  labor  expended  in  its  compilation,  we 
have  onlv  to  state  that  often  no  abstract  of  the  election  could  be 
found,  and  one  had  to  be  prcjwred  from  the  original  poll-books,  which 
would  consume  hours  of  the  time  of  two  men.  The  returns  of  the 
election  of  one  year  (1855  v,e  believe)  were  secured  only  after  a  vast 
amount  of  labor.  We  had  searched  diligently  through  the  files  of 
old  election  abstracts  and  poll-books  in  the  County  Clerk's  office  for 
the  returns  of  that  year,  but  in  vain.  Mr.  Paull,  with  his  ready 
knowledge  of  the  places  and  conditions  of  the  numberless  papers  in 
this  office,  assisted,  and  another  search  was  made,  more  thorough 
than  any  of  the  former,  still  in  vain.  We  then  searched  newspapers, 
but  failed  to  unearth  them.  Mr.  Waggoner  was  known  to  have  a 
large  collection  of  old  papers,  returns  of  numerous  elections,  etc., 
and  he  was  spoken  to  about  the  matter.  He  at  once  kindly  inter- 
ested himself  and  overhauled  several  hundred  ancient  papers;  still 
the  account  of  that  election  was  not  found.  He  several  times  in- 
vestigated his  boxes,  l)undles  and  ])ackages,  only  to  learn  that  he 
did  not  have  them.  Being  thoroughly  interested  in  this  subject,  as 
we  have  found  him  in  all  matters  of  public  interest,  he  set  about  to 
find  them  if  possible.  He  thought  they  were  in  the  possession  of  a 
friend  at  Canton,  and  one  day,  when  upon  a  visit  to  that  city,  he 
searched  forthcm, but  only  with  the  same  result  as  before.  Not  wholly 
discouraged,  he  thought  of  another  i)lacc  where  he  was  likely  to  find 
them.  He  concluded  that  James  M.  Davidson,  former  editor  of 
the  Democrat,  was  in  the  possession  of  the  returns  of  this  particular 


976 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY 


vear;  and  one  day  when  in  Cartilage  lie  made  inquiries  of  Mr. 
"D.  ;  his  old  papers  were  examined  and  at  last  the  long  sought- 
for  doeument  was  i'onnd. 

We  relate  these  incidents  merely  that  the  reader'  may  the  better 
appreciate  the  vast  and  persistent  labor  often  recpiired  to  possess  a 
single  item,  which  of  itself  many  times  seems  unimportant.  Hours 
are  often  expended  in  securing  a  name  or  date,  yet  when  found  it 
occupies  only  a  very  small  space  and  is  passed  over  by  the  reader 
with  no  thought  at  all  of  the  labor  it  cost;  yet,  should  a  name  or 
date  be  wrongfully  stated,  how  readily  it  is  noticed,  and  often  how 
uncharitable  are  those  wlio  do  not  appreciate  the  position  of  the 
writer!  Proper  names,  too,  are  so  varied  that  without  a  personal 
acquaintance  with  each  individual,  it  is  often  impossible  to  spell 
them  correctly.  Even  members  of  the  same  family  sometimes  spell 
their  surnamedifferently,  as  Philips,  Phillips,  Philipps,and  Phillipps. 
And  as  for  dates,  also,  when  given  verbally,  they  are  sometimes  as 
different  as  are  the  persons  giving  them. 

The  political  complexion  of  the  county  is  strongly  Democratic. 
For  many  vears  that  political  organization  has  controlled  the  ])ublic 
affairs  of  the  county.  Politics  have  fluctuated  but  little  here,  as 
the  returns  of  the  many  elections  given  below  will  show.  The  poli- 
ticians have  generally  been  able  to  foreshadow  correctly  the  result  of  an 
election  many  days  prior  to  its  being  held.  While  Fulton  county  has 
reared  some  illustrious  sons  in  the  various  callings  and  professions  of 
life,  she  has  given  to  the  county.  State  and  nation  men  who  have  be- 
come famous  in  the  political  profession.  We  will  not  attempt  to  follow 
the  political  issues  year  by  year  further  than  to  give  the  returns  of 
each  election.  By  these  the  rise,  decline  and  fall  of  parties  may  be 
traced.  That  elections  have  been  as  honorably  and  honestly  con- 
ducted in  Fulton  county  as  in  any  other  county  of  the  State  will  not 
be  questioned.  At  times,  however,  some  candidate  becomes  over 
anxious  for  his  success  and  stoops  below  the  high  standard  usually 
strictly  followed.  A  full  account  of  the  first  election  of  the  county 
is  given   in   the  first  chapter  of  this  book. 

ELECTION  RETURNS. 


ELECTION  AUG.  1,  1836. 

Congress^. 

Willinm  L.  May,  dcm 544 

John  T.  Stuart,  whig 345 

Stntr  Senatur. 

Samuel  Hackelton,  dem 004 

Jolui  P.  Bok-e,  whig 206 

Rrpri'Hnifatiirs. 

.lonas  Rawalt,  wliig 402 

AselF.  Ball,  whig 340 

Wni.  Elliott,  jr.,  dem .307 

Jnsenh  Sharp,  dem 23!) 

Wni.  Shiiin IS 

Jonah  Marthant - 198 


15)9 


398 


Sherljr. 

Hugh  Lam.TStpr,  wliig 629 

Alexander  R.  Shafler,  dem-     86 

Coroner. 

Daniel  AVells 268 

Samuel  Porter 188 

Count;/  Commissioners. 

William  Johnson 425 

Jared  Lvf)n,  dem 341 

Pleasant  Odell,  dem 306 

Chas.  Newiomh,  ab 355 

Erasmus  I).  Rice,  wliig 206 

Atnaziah  Howard,  dem 232 

Lewis  Bideman,  whig 303 


543 


80 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


977 


SPECIAL  ELECTION  OCT.  10,  1836. 

Surreijor. 

Stephen  H.  Pitkin,  dem 297      235 

Samuel  G.  Wright 62 

John  L.Dyer 40 

ELECTION  AUG.  7,  1837. 

County  Treasurer. 

Erasmus  D.  Rit-e,  whig 447      222 

Natlian  Bemlles,  dem  225 

Hiruh  Saunders,  dem  98 

County  Clerk. 

Stephen  Dewey,  whig 720      598 

Joseph  L.  Sharp,  dem 122 

ELECTION  AUG.  6,  1838. 

Governor. 

Cvrus  E  Iwards,  whig 774 

Tiiomas  Carhn,  dem 8u8        34 

Congress. 

JohnT.  Stuart,  whig 768 

Stephen  A.  Douglas,  dem...  8U8        40 

Representatives. 

Newton  Walker,  whig 757 

JonisRiwalt,  whig 025 

D.ivid  .Markley,  dem 0U3 

Joseph  Brown,  dem 330 

Henry  B.  Evans,  dem 3.>9 

Stephen  Rigdon,  whig 226 

Thomas  J.  Little,  dem 101 

Sheriff. 

Hugh  Lnnnster,  whig 941       318 

Benjamin  Foster,  dem 623 

Coroner. 

Emsley  Wiley,  dem 699      349 

John  Thorp,  whig 3.30 

County  Commissioners. 

John  Johnston,  whig 669       321 

Hiram  Wentworth,  whig...  573       225 

John  B  irker,  dem 573      225 

Charles  Newi-omb,  ab 319 

William  Johnson,  dem 2()4 

Seth  Hilton,  whig 348 

Is  lae  Linley,  dem 324 

Jonah  Marchant,  ab 136 

Josiah  Moore,  dem  288 

John  W.  Shinn,  dem 247 

ELECTION  NOV.  25,  1839. 

State  Senator. 

David  Markley,  dem 707       134 

John  Johnston,  whig 573 

ELECTION  NOV.  2,  1840. 

President. 

Wm.  H.  Harrison,  whig 1253 

Martin  Van  Buren,  dem 1347        94 


ELECTION  AUG.  2,   1841. 
Congress. 

James  H.  Ralston,  dem 1110      101 

John  T.  Stuart,  whig 1009 

County  Commissioner. 

JohnW.  Shinn,  dem 897 

John  F.  Randolph,  whig.... 1075       178 

County  Treasurer. 
William  Elliott,  sr.,  dem....  958 
Franklin  Foster,  whig 1007        49 

School  Commissioner. 
Frasmus  D.  Riee,  whig 1027     1027 

ELECTION  NOV   4,  1844. 
President. 

James  K.  Polk,  dem 1537      103 

Henry  Clay,  whig 1434 

James  G.  Birney,  ab 108 

ELECTION  APRIL  10,  1847. 

For  Four  Delegates  to  Constitutional  Con- 
vention. 

Isaac  Linley 1306 

Lvman  Moon 993 

H.  .M.  Wead 1170 

T.  B,  Gordon 992 

D.ivid  Markley 1011 

George  Krider 1105 

Henrv  S.  Hyatt 791 

J.  V.  b.  Gaddis 863 

Wm.  Wheeler 46 

John  M.   Wright 36 

Daniel  Dobbins 34 

Wm.  Ellsworth 35 

Geo.  W.  Little 35 

Joint  Delegate  with  Peoria  Co- 

Richard  Freeborn 1091      420 

Onslow  Peters 671 

ELECTION  AUGUST.  1847. 
County  Commissioners. 

D  S.  Johnson 1611      574 

John  Rilev 1037 

Luther  Birge 32 

County  Clerk. 

James  Johnson 1019 

W.  J.  Taylor 527 

F.  J.  Porter 1198      179 

jRecorder. 

Robert  Paull,   dem 1213 

Erasmus  D  Rice,  whig 1501       288 

County  Treasurer  and  Assessor. 

James  Manley,  dem 928 

William  McComb,  whig 1788      860 

School  Commis>iioner. 

M.  Eichelberger,  dem 1028      171 

H.M.  Wead  dem 857        ^ 


978 


HISTORY   OP   FULTON*  COUNTY. 


Surveyor. 

Isniah  Stillman,  deiii 1306      6G6 

ThotiijisClu'Viii-y,  whig 730 

Harrison  Ri^ilon,  wiiig 2")7 

Elias  rrossteor,  whig 09 

ELECTION  AUG.  7,  1848. 
GoveDior. 

A.  C.  French,  dem 1622     1441 

C.  V.  Dyer,  whig 181 

Congress. 
AVm.  A.  Richardson,  dom... 1624     1443 

Eli  Wilson,  whig 181 

State  Senator. 

David  Markley,  dem 1266      100 

Edson  Harkness,  whig 11(J6 

Erastus  Miner,  free  soil 130 

Representatives. 

James  S.  Christy,  deni 1177 

Edward  Sayre,  dcni 1190 

^Villiam  Ktllogg,  whig 1538 

AVilliani  Phelps,  whig 1026 

H.  S.  Thomas,  free  soil 197 

Luther  Birge,  free  soil 153 

Sheriff. 

Joseph  Dvckes,  dem 2111     1947 

IM.  S.  Hoblet,   whig... 164 

Amos  Leach,  free  soil 17 

Conntij  Commissioners. 

William  Johnson,  dem 1409      524 

B.  M.  Veatch,  whig 885 

Abraham  Hale,  free  soil 1G9 

Coroner. 

Honrv  Snivelv,  dem 1.393      560 

J.  B.  Hall,  wli'ig 833 

Circuit  Clerk. 

Joel  Solomon,  dem 843 

AVm.  McComh,  whig 1319      117 

State  s  Attorney. 

William  Elliott,  jr.,  dem....  836 
Robert  S.  Blackwell,  whig. 1202 

ELECTION  NOV.  6,  1849. 
County  Judge. 

Henry  Walker,  dem.. 1320         11 

Erasmus  D.  Rice,  whig 1331 

Associate  Justices. 

Parley  C.  Stearns,  dem 1302      152 

Jesse  Benson,  dim 13(13      213 

Thomas  Han.er,  whig 1281 

Auson  ymith,  whig 1150 

County  L'lerk. 

Leonard  F.  Ross,  dem 2348    233G 

Fitch  J.  Porter,  whig 12 

County  Treasurer. 

Robert  Paull,  dem 2128    2128 


Surveyor. 

Stephen  H  Pitkin,  dem 1496      367 

David  F.  Emry,  whig 1129 

School  Com m  issioner. 
Wm.  N.  Cline,  dem 20G6    2066 

ELECTION  NOV.,  1850. 

Congress. 

W.  A.  Richardson,  dem 1.333      146 

0.  H.  Browning,  whig 1187 

State  Senator. 

Peter  Sweat,  dem 1363      241 

E.  N.  Powell,  whig 1122 

Representatives. 

Thomas  J.  Little,  dem 1549 

Isaac  Linley,  dem 1246 

Thomas  Hamer,  whig 1173 

Sherif. 

D.  J.  Waggoner,  dem 1438      374 

Geo.  W.  Stipi>,  whig 1064 

Coroner. 
Henry  Snively 1245 

ELECTION  M.^Y  10,  1851. 

Surveyor. 

Franklin  Foster,  dem 410 

Alex.  T.  Robertson,  wiiig...  288 
David  F.  Emry,  whig 432        22 

ELECTION  NOV.  4,  1851. 
CouiUy  Treasurer. 

Rohert  Paull,  dem 1314    1309 

County  Surveyor. 

Hiram  J.  Graham,  dem 916      728 

Terah  Joiu-s,  dem 188 

John  G.  Voorhees,  whig....       4 

School  Commissioner. 
John  W.  Shinn,  dem 1143     1142 

ELECTION  NOV.  2,  1852. 
Governor. 

Joel  A.  Matteson,  dem 2205      365 

Edwin  B.  Webb,  whig 1S40 

D.  A.  Knowlton,  ind 274 

State's  Attorney. 

E.G.Johnson,  whig 2100      207 

George  \V.  Sti])|i.  dem 1893 

Congress. 

^.ewis  W.  Ross,  dem 2106        93 

James  Knox,  whig 2013 

L.  W.  Curtin,  ah 346 

R('j)rcsentatives. 
Will'mm  K.  John.son, dem. .2044 

Levi  H.  Bradburv.  dem 2171 

A.  T.  Robertson,"  whig 1831 

Anson  Smith,  whig 1794 

LeviiinsS|(errv,  ab 247 

Luther  Birge,ab 243 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


979 


1483 


711 


453 


Sherif. 

Joseph  Dyokes,  (leili 2223      511 

Jonas  Risvalt,  whig 1712 

John  Shriller,  ab 2l9 

Coroner. 
Harrison  P.  Fellows,  (lem...2214      394 

Harrison  Kigilon,  whig 1820 

L.  Ames,  ah 230 

Circuit  Clerk. 

Elwnr.l  Snyre,  (iein 2171      283 

Will.  MiConili,  wiiig 18.18 

John  M.  Wright,  ab 254 

ELECTION  NOV.  8,  1853. 

County  Judge. 

Henry  L.  Bry.int,  duiu 1525 

E.  StapleiorJ,  clem 42 

Counti/  Clerk. 

John  H.  Peirsol,dein 1414 

liobert  Carter,  whig 703 

County  Treasurer. 
George  Humphrey,  ilem...l312 

James  Up.tegr<itl",'wljig 859 

County  !Surveyor. 

Terah  Jones,  dem 1538 

County  Commissioner. 
Edward  Sayre,  deiu 1603    1603 

ELECTION  NOV.  7,  1854. 

Congress. 

Wm.  McMiirtry,  dem 1814  5 

James  Knox,  wiiig 18o9 

Representatives. 

William  N.  Cline,  dem 1754 

Ls.iae  Linley,  dem. 1580 

Amos  C.  lJai)toik.  whig 17_'4 

Kouert  Carter 1722 

Ljvi  11.  Bradbury.  anti-M  .  150 
Je.sse  Cox,  anti-Maine  law..  176 
Wm.  Atc-n,  ab 26 

Shi'rijf. 
David  J.  Waggoner,  dem. ..2060      541 

Hugh  Lini:i>;tcr,  whig 1519 

Thomas  J.  Waiters  112 

Coroner. 

Samuel  Sivley,  <lem 1755      1596 

Samuel  Uuvall,  whig 159 

H.  P.  Fellows,  anti-.Maine...  237 

County  Treasurer. 
George  Humphrey,  <lem... 1666      571 

James  11.  Smith,  whig 1095 

Surveyor. 

Terah  Jones,  dem 1749      942 

David  F.  Emrv,  whig  807 

D.  C.  Turner,  knovvnothing  102 


School  Commissioner. 

Wm.  H.  Haskell,  dem 1543      304 

Sands  N.  Breed,  whig 1239 

For  and  Against  Subscription  of  ■<!  100,000 
to  the  Feoria  &  Hannibal  R.  R. 

For   1897      946 

Against 951 

ELECTION   NOV.  4,   1856. 
Fresident. 

James  Buchiinan,  dem 2724      703 

John  C.  Fremont,  re}) 2021 

Millard  Filmoie,  American.  898 

Governor 
Wm.  A.  Richar.lson,  dem. ..2816      429 

Wm.  H.  Bissell,  rep 2387 

Buekner  S.  Morris,  ind 396 

Congi-ess. 

I.M.  Craig 2880      445 

James  H.  Stuart 2435 

State  Senator. 

William  C.  Goudy,  dem 2848      307 

William  11.  Franklin,  rep. .2541 
Representatives. 

Joseph  Dyckes,  dem 2821 

Jaints  H.'Stipp,  dem 28i'2 

William   V.  Kellogg,  rep..  ..2403 

Thomas  Haiiier.  wliig 2398 

Jesse  Cox,  whig 377 

William  D.  Nelson,  ab 163 

Circuit   Clerk. 

Edward  Sayre,  dem 2827      424 

Robert  Carter,  rep 2403 

T.  W.  Williams,  ab 352 

Sherijf. 
William  M.  Standard,  dem.2829      461 

Beiij.  C.  Johnson,  rep 2.,t)8 

Wm.  T.   VanDerveer 361 

Coroner. 

James  J.  Crail,  dem 2803 

B.  W.  .Messier,  rep 3t.9 

Jauies  Kobb,  ab 2885        82 

Surveyor. 

William  J.E.lie,  dem 2784      394 

Abraham  Hoxie   rep -390 

James  A.  Kussell,  ab 385 

ELECTION  NOV.   3,   1857. 
County  Judge. 

Henry  L.  Bryant,  dem 964 

County  CUrk. 

John  H.  Peirsol,  dem 964 

County  Treasurer. 

Jacob  Derry,  dem 938 

Surveyor. 
Harrison  Rigdon,  dem. 946 


964 
964 
938 
946 


980 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 


School  Commissioner. 
Wm.  H.  Haskell,  dem 943 

ELECTION  NOV.  2,  1858. 
Congress. 
James  W.  Davidson,  dem  ..3224 
William  Kellogg,  rep 2980 

Representatives. 

S.  P.  Cummings,  dem 3238 

John  G.  Graham 3241 

W.  A   Dickerman,  rep 2979 

Wm.  Craig,  rep 2963 

Sheriff. 
David  J.  Waggoner,  dem. ..3392 
John  Bless,  rep 2839 

Coroner. 

Zalmon  A.  Green,  dem 3184 

James  W.  Brooks,  rep 2974 

ELECTION    NOV.  8,  1859. 
Count)/  Treasurer. 

Jacob  Derry,  dem 1853 

V.  M.  Grewell,  rep 1444 

Surveyor. 

David  Shreeves,  dem 1831 

D.  F.  Emry,  rep 1464 

School   Commissioner. 

S.  Y  Thornton,  dem 1712 

Wm.  H.  Haskell,  rep 1395 

ELECTION  NOV.   6,   1860. 

President. 

Abraham  Lincoln,  rep 3629 

S.  A.  Douglas,  dem 3926 

J.  C.  Breckenridge,  dem....     11 
John  Bell,  union 48 

Governor. 

James  Allen,  dem 3929 

Kichard  Yates,  rep 3655 

Congress. 

Robt.  G.  Ingersoll,  dem 3941 

William  Kellogg,  rep 3634 

Senator. 

William  Berry,  dem. 3921 

Eichard  Haney,  rep 3673 

Representatives. 

S.  P.  Cummings,  dem 3941 

John  G.  Gndiani,  dem 2928 

John  H  Kellv,  rep 3668 

AVm.  Phelps,  rep 3651 

Circuit    Clerk. 

Alexander  Hull,  dem 3909 

William  McComl),  rep 3677 

Sheriff. 

Asaph  Perrv 3885 

G.  A.  Marsh 3661 


943 


244 


259 
262 


210 


409 


367 


317 


297 


274 


307 


248 


232 


224 


Coroner. 

Isaac  Cunningham,  dem. ...3920      256 
James  \V.  Brooks,  rep 3664 

ELECTION  NOV.  5,  1861. 
County  Clerk. 

Joseph  Dyckes,  dem 2498 

County  Treasurer. 

Wm.  C.  Worley,  dem 2521 

County  Judge. 

John  M.  Lewis,  dem 2495 

School  Commissioner. 
Stephen  Y.  Thornton,  dem..2540 

County  Surveyor. 
David  Shreeves,  dem 2541 

ELECTION  NOV.  4,  1862. 
Congress. 

-Lewis  W.  Ross,  dem  3134 

Representatives. 

John  G.  Graham,  dem 4515 

Simeon  P.  Shope,  dem 3148 

Thomas  A.  Boyd,  rep 1SU8 

State  Senator. 

Albert  C.  Mason,  dem. 3157     1366 

Geo.  I.  Bergen,  rep 1791 

Sheriff. 

J.  F.  AVillcoxen,  dem 3155    1361 

Tracy  Stroud,    rep 1794 

Coroner. 

H.  McCaughev,  dem 3150    1361 

T.  N.  Hasson,'rep 1789 

ELECTION  NOV.  3,  1863. 

County    Treasurer. 

Wm.  C.  Worley,  dem 2738      374 

Jackson  Carter,  rep 2364 

County  Surveyor. 

David  Shreeves,  dem 2766      401 

David  Emr\',  rep 2365 

School   Commissioner. 

Wm.  T.  Davidsf.n,  dem 2684      314 

DeWittC.  Bryant,  rep 2370 

ELECTION  NOV.  8,  1864. 

President. 

George  B.  McClellan,  dem..3694      703 
Abraham  Lincoln,  rep 2991 

Governor. 

James  C.  Robinson,  dem. ...3698      696 
Richard  J.  Oglesby,  rep 3002 

Congress. 

^Lewis  W.  Ross,  dem 3698      698 

'Hugh  FuUerton,  rep 3000 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


981 


Representatives. 

L.  W.  James,  dem 3686 

Timothy  M.  Morse,  dem 3691 

Granville  Barrere,  rep 2995 

Thomas  Hamer,  rep 2999 

State's  Attorney. 

Thomas  E.  Morgan,  dem  ...3695      704 

Parley  C.  Stearns,  rep 2991 

Circuit  Clerk. 

Alexander  Hull,  dem 3691      693 

Daniel  VV.  Walker,  rep 2998 

Sheriff. 

Robert  Johnson,  dem 3684      682 

Wm.  W.  Hull,  rep 3002 

Coroner. 

F.  M.  Snivley,  dem 3687      686 

Ambrose  Hasty,  rep 3001 

ELECTION  NOV.  7,  1865. 

County  Judge. 

John  M.  Lewis,  dem 2933        14 

Thomas  A.  Boyd,  rep 2919 

County  Clerk. 

Joseph  Dyrkes,  dem 2941        27 

Franklin  B.  Lemonde,  rep-.2914 

County  Treasurer. 

Chas.  Howard,  dem 2912  2 

Samuel  B.  Spears,  rep 2910 

Superintendent  of  Schools. 

Samnel  S.  Tipton,  dem 2926        17 

Sidney  K.  Quigley,  rep 2909 

Surveyor. 

David  Shreeves,  dem 2963        80 

M.  V.  D.  Voorhees,  rep 2883 

ELECTION  NOV.  6,   1866. 

Congress. 

y  Lewis  W.  Ross,  dem 3621 

^    Chas.  E.  Lippencott,  rep. ...3716        95 

State  Senator. 

Geo.  A.  Charles,  dem 3616 

Thos.  A.  Boyd,  rep 3734      118 

Representatives. 

L.  W.  James,  dem 3624 

T.  M.  Morse,  dem 3624 

Caleb  B.  Cox,  rep 3714 

Geo.  W.  Fox,  rep 3714 

Sheriff. 

David  J.  Waggoner,  dem. .3642  2 

William  W.  Hull,  rep 3640 

Coroner. 

David  J.  Austin,  dem 3622 

John  Scrivner,  rep 3712        90 


ELECTION  NOV.  5,  1867. 
County  Treasurer. 

Chas.  Howard,  dem 3547      500 

Caleb  J.  Dilworth,  rep 3047 

Surve   yor. 

David  Shreeves,  dem 3569      543 

L.  C.  Maynard,  rep 3026 

ELECTION  NOV.  3,  1868. 
President. 

U.  S.Grant,  rep 3559 

Horatio  Seymour,  dem 4118      559 

Governor. 

John  R.  Eden,  dem 4123      593 

John  M.  Palmer,  rep 3530 

Congress. 

Thompson  W.  McNeely,  d..4115      577 

Leonard  F.  Ross,  rep 3538 

Representatives. 
Timothy  M.  Morse,  dem  ...4116 

John  \V.  Ross,  dem 4129 

Caleb  R.  Cox,  rep 3510 

Thomas  Vandicar,  rep 3502 

Circuit  Clerk. 
Henry  W.Baughman,  dem. 4122      597 
Chas.T.  Coleman,  rep 3525 

Sheriff. 

Silas  Babbitt,  dem 4115      577 

Thos.  Scott  Brown,  rep 3538 

Cororwr. 

Joseph  Barker,  dem 4120      631 

Thomas  Jenkins,  rep 3489 

ELECTION  NOV.  2,  1869. 

County  Judge. 

John  H.  Peirsol,  dem 3416      862 

Pailey  C.  Stearns,  rep 2554 

County  Clerk. 

James  H.Stipp,  dem 3104       429 

Sands  N.  Breed,  rep 2675 

County  Treasurer. 

Evan  Baily,  dem 3337      584 

William  McComb,  rep 2753 

Superintendent  of  Schools. 

Horatis  J.  Benton,  dem 3397      689 

Samuel  D.  Sawyer,  rep 2708 

Surveyor. 

Francis  P.  Paull,  dem 3384       657 

Lewis  C.  Maynard,  rep 2727 

ELECTION  NOV.  8,  1870. 

Congress. 

Thompson  W.  McNeely,  d..2810      424 
Benjamin  F.  Westlake.  rep.2385 


982 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 


Stale  Senator. 

A.  M.  Criig,  (lem 2832 

Bcnj.  F.  (Jatton,  dein 28()3 

Tliomns  A.  Boyd,  rep 24o6 

Heury  J.  Vauj^lin,  rep 2351 

lirpresentativcs. 

Tiniotliv  M.  Morse,  dein....279S 

John  \V.  Ross,  dem 2834 

S.  P.  Cniiiniiiijrs,  dem 2^19 

DavidT.  Dudd.  rep 2;;91 

DeWitt  C.  Bryant,  rep 23")2 

JauiL-s  K.  Magie,  rep 2383 

Sheriff. 

Robert  Priehard,  dem 2803 

Thomas  P.  Dun -an,  rep 2419 

Coroner. 

Daniel  Walters,  dem 2803 

JoLn  W.  Muss,  rep 2419 

ELECTION  NOV.  7.  1871. 
County  Treasurer. 

E.  Bailv,  dem 2236 

E.  D.  Slater,  rep 1588 

County  Surveyor. 

F.  P.  Paull,  dem 2105 

E.  Maynard,  rep 1618 

Coroner. 

J.  Herriford,  dem 2188 

I.  B.  Witchell,  rep 1638 

ELECTION  NOV.  5,  1872. 
President. 

U.  S.  Grant,  rep.  3'^02 

Horace  Greeley,  lilieml 3704 

Chas.  O'Conor,  dem 52 

Governor. 

Richar.l  J.  0<:lesliy,  rep 3511 

Gustavus  Kcerni'r,  lil> 3S28 

Sidney  Breese,  dem 46 

Congress. 

Granville   Barrere,  rep 3481 

N.  E.  Worth in-ton,  lit) 3840 

State  Senator. 

James  DeWitt,  rep 3457 

S.  P.  Cummiiigs,  lil) 3848 

Representatives. 

John  A.  Gray, rep  10226V 

Stephen  Y.  Timmton,  lib  •.5852i 

James  M.  Dirnell,  lih 5631 

Christopher  Wilson,  dem...  386 
States  Attorney. 

Charles  J.  Main,  r.p 3474 

Daniel  Abbott,  dem  3874 

Circuit  Clerk. 
Phil.  J.  Platt.nburg,  rep  ...3033 
H.  M.  Bauglimau,  dem 3874 


384 


384 


648 


487 


550 


202 


317 


359 


391 


400 


P 


Sheriff. 

Chas.  C.  Rilev,  rep 3526 

Robert  Prichard,  dem 3827      301 

Coroner. 

Jnv  C.  Thompkins,  rep 35.35 

HiVam  Hunt,  dem 3834      299 

ELECTION  NOV.  4.  1873. 

County  Judge. 

John  H.  Peirsol,  ind 4131 

County  Clerk. 

Isaiah  C.  Work-y,  people's  -2358      474 
John  Prickett,  L.rmer..' 1684 

County  Treasurer. 

David  F.  Emry,  people  s  ..2100 

Job  Walker,  farmer's  lick... L'135        35 

School  Superintendent. 

V.  M.  Grewell,  peo's  ti.k...2169      168 
Ed.  Maynard,  t'arnj's  tick... 2001 

ELE,  TION  NOV.  3,  1874. 
Congress. 
Richard  H.  Wliiting,  rep. .-1815 
Leonard  F.  Rcjss,  ind 359S     1783 

State  Senator. 

A.  B.  Kirkhri  le,  rep 2313 

Robert  Br.nvn.  dem  3344     1031 

Representativei. 

Joseph  B.  Negley,  ind 2460 

James  DeWitt,  rep 5854 

Samuel  P.  I  unuidngs,  dem. 3821 
Stephen  Y.ThurnloM,  dem. 4536} 
Sheriff. 

William  W.Hull,  rep 2504 

David  J.  Waggoner,  dem. ..3116      612 

Surveyor. 

Edward  Maynard,  ind 7^9 

Jonas  U.  R.iwalt,  rep 2274 

Clias.  KiUsa,  dem 2610      336 

Coroner. 

Richaid  M.  Horton,  ind 798 

David  Armstrong,  rep 2291 

Hiram  Hunt,  dem 2584      293 

ELECTION  NOV.  2.  1875. 
County  Treasurer. 

Job.  "Walker,  dem. 1781      521 

David  F.  Emry,  rep 1260 

County  Sivrveyor. 

Chas.  Killsa,  dem 1719      426 

Isaac  David,  rep 12y3 

ELECTION  APRIL  4,   1876. 
County  Judge. 

Henry  L.  Bryant,  dem 1521 

David  Armstrong,  rep 1560        39 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


983 


ELECTION  NOV.  7,  1876. 
President. 

Snmuel  .7.  Tilden,  dein 4009      482 

RiUlu'rlonl  li.  ll;iyt's,  ri'p-..4is7 
Peter  Cooper,  greenback...     89 
Governor. 

Lewis  Stuart,  dein 4700      573 

Shelby  M.  Culloin,  rep  4187 

Congress. 

George  A.  Wilson,  dem 4537      259 

Tlioiiias  A.  B()V(i,rep 4278 

^^'m.  W.  Matthews,  grnbk..  127 

lieprcseniatives. 
William  T.  MiCreary,  deni.7057 

(,'lias.  F.   Robinson,  (leni 7020^ 

Henry  S.  .Meriill,  rep 5715 

John  A.  J^eeper,  rep 0925 

State's  Attorney. 

Daniel  Abbott,  ileni 4730      554 

Joseph  L.  Murphy,  rep 4170 

Circuit  Clerk. 
ThcophihisL.  Frazier,  (lein.4047      427 
John  D.  Bealmi,  re}) 4220 

David  J.  Waggoner,  dem...4071       511 
William  R.  ILissun,  rep 4100 

Corono: 

Hiram  Hunt,  dem 4095       494 

David  Armstrong,  rep 4::01 

ELECTION    NOV.  6,   1877. 
County  Judge. 
Samuel  P.  Cuminings, dem. 2908      154 
Henry  L  Bryant,  inU 2814 

County    Clerk. 
Isaiah  U.  Wurley,  dem 5237 


County    Treasurer. 
Philemon  Markley,  dem... 4731 

Superintendent  of  Sdiools. 

Horatio  J.  Benton,  dem — 3019 
Mrs.  Anna  J.  Howard,  ind..2043 

ELECTION   NOV.  5,   1878. 
Congress. 
George  A.  Wilson,  dem....  3425 

Thomas  A.  Boyd,  re]) 3173 

Alex.  H.  MeKeiglian,  gnbk.  702 

Senator. 

IMeredith  Walker,  dem 3509 

Thos.  1*.  Duncan,  rep.    and 

green  back 3710 

Legislature. 
Chns.  F.  Robinson,  dem  ...  5255 
Wni.  T.  McC'reary,  dem...  5119.} 

Isaac  Black,  rep 2855^ 

Hoseu  Davis,  rep 870U 

:>herif. 

George  W.  Standanl,  dem..2997 

Oliver  P.  Randolph,  rep 3550 

M.  M.  Joiinson, greenback..  745 

Coroner. 

Stephen  B.  Bennett,  dem. ..,35.50 

William  B.  Bolston,  re|. 2995 

W.  D.  Nelson,  greenback...  792 

ELECTION    NOV.  4,  1879. 

County  Treasurer. 

Philemon  Markley,  dem 3058 

RilfV    liristoi,  rej) 2530 

Matthew  11.  Mitchell,  gnbk  324 

Surveyor. 

Win.  T.  R  Fennessy,  dem  3002 
Maricn  Ingle,   rep 2C08 


373 


252 


201 


559 


555 


522 


394 


CHAPTER  XVII. 

COUNTY  OFFICIALS. 

Fulton  county  has  ever  been  ably  represented  in  her  official  de- 
partments since  the  organization  of  the  county,  as  the  names  in  the 
foUowinn;  lists  will  show.  She  has  ever  had  able,  shrewd  and  honest 
men  conducting  her  public  affairs.  Of  the  vast  millions  of  dollars 
that  have  been  handled  by  her  County  Treasurers  not  one  dollar  has 
ever  been  lost  or  a  Treasurer's  honesty  questioned.  Other  counties 
have  had  more  or  less  trouble  from  time  to  time  with  men  in  the 
various  departments  of  her  public  service,  but  never,  in  the  entire 
history  of  Fulton  county,  has  a  case  arisen  requiring  the  duties 
or  acts  of  an  official  to  be  investigated.  This  is  a  good  and  honor- 
able record  for  this  «:rand  old  countv  ;  and  mav  another  three-score 
years  roll  around  and  all  the  officials  who  may  serve  the  people 
prove  as  honest,  as  capable,  as  courteous,  as  just  as  those  who  have 
served  during  the  past  three-score  years. 

Many  names  will  be  noticed  in  the  following  list,  under  the  differ- 
ent headings,  that  are  familiar  to  the  people  of  the  entire  county. 
Manv  of  these  men,  by  a  life  of  usefulness  and  honor,  have  won 
warm  and  affectionate  places  in  the  hearts  of  the  people  of  Fulton 
county.  Many  names  here  are  not  familiar  to  the  present  genera- 
tion, but  were  almost  household  words  to  the  past.  Many  of  these 
veterans  have  since  ceased  life's  labors  and  left  to  the  remaining 
pioneers  as  a  pleasant  souvenir  a  spotless  reputation. 

The  gentlemen  who  at  present  hold  official  position  in  this 
county,  in  respect  to  ability,  are  inferior  to  none  who  have  served 
the  countv  in  the  past.  There  is  not  a  county  in  the  State  of  Illi- 
nois that  can  boast  of  more  capable,  courteous  and  faithful  officials 
than  those  who  at  present  fill  the  various  positions  of  trust  and  re- 
sponsibility in  this  county.  To  them  we  shall  ever  feel  grateful 
for  the  kind  and  courteous  manner  in  which  they  treated  us  all  dur- 
ins:  our  labors  in  com]>iling  this  work.  They  iiave  all  evinced  an 
interest  in  the  work  and  were  ever  ready  and  willing  to  give  the 
information  and  lend  that  aid  which  are  so  necessary  in  gathering 
and  arranging  a  full  record  of  the  county's  history.  We  will  not 
mention  them  personally,  for  all  have  aided  us  materially,  and  one 
and  all  alike  have  our  warmest  thanks. 

We  feel  that  brief  personal  sketches  of  these  gentlemen  will  be 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  985 

hio-hly  appreciated  by  the  citizons  of  this  county  ;  and  in  this  con- 
nection we  append  short  bi()j;Tai)hies  of  each  of  them,  and  further 
on  o-ive  the  name  of  every  otficial  who  has  served  this  county  since 
its  organization  that  it  was  possible  to  obtain. 

S.  P.  Cuinmin(/fi,  County  Judg:e,  is  a  man  who  is  perhaps  more 
widely  known  than  any  other  in  Fulton  county.  He  is  a  native  of 
the  State  of  Maine  and  came  to  Fulton  Co.  in  May,  1840,  since 
which  time  he  has  been  actively  identified  with  its  business  interests. 
In  1850  he  began  merchandising  and  at  present  is  the  senior  mem- 
ber of  the  old,  established  mercantile  house  of  Green  &  Cummings 
of  Astoria,  the  Judge's  home.  In  1858  he  was  elected  to  the  Illi- 
nois Legislature,  and  re-elected  in  1860.  In  1862  he  entered  the 
army  as  Major  of  the  85th  111.  Inf  He  was  chosen  a  member  of 
the  'Constitutional  Convention  of  1869-70,  and  afterwards  served  2 
terms  in  the  House  of  Representatives  and  one  in  the  Senate  of  the 
111.  Legislature.  He  has  represented  Astoria  township  in  the  Board 
of  Supervisors  for  many  years ;  he  is  President  of  that  body  and  has 
been  for  several  terms.  Served  as  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  Astoria 
for  25  years,  and  in  1877  was  elected  County  Judge,  which  position 
he  tills  with  great  ability.  He  is  60  years  of  age.  We  present  his 
portrait  to  the  people  of  the  county  in  this  volume. 

T.  L.  Frazier,  Circuit  Clerk,  was  born  in  Adams  Co.,  111.,  in 
1844,  is  son  of  Lemuel  G.  and  Mary  E.  (Roberts)  Frazier,  natives 
of  Md.  and  Ky.,  resi)ectively,  who  emigrated  to  Adams  Co.  in 
1822,  there  being  but  two  families  in  the  county  at  that  time.  The 
elder  Frazier  is  still  living  in  that  county  a  representative  ])ioncer. 
The  subject  of  this  sketch  enlisted  Aug.*2,  1862,  in  the  78th  I.  V. 
L,  and  served  until  the  close  of  the  war.  His  company  was  cap- 
tured at  Muldrose  Hill,  Ky.,  by  Morgan  in  the  Winter  of  1862,  and 
held  at  Benton  Barracks,  Mo.,  until  exchanged;  was  also  a  partici- 
pant in  battles  of  Missionary  Ridge,  Atlanta,  and  with  Sherman  on 
his  march  to  the  sea,  thence  to  Richmond,  and  Washington,  D.  C, 
in  the  grand  review;  from  there  to  Chicago,  where  he  was  mustered 
out  June  27,  1865.  He  then  entered  Abingdon  College,  Knox  Co., 
where  he  devoted  two  years  to  securing  a  literary  education.  He 
was  married  in  1867  to  Miss  Dora  C.  Durham,  whose  family  were 
earlv  settlers  in  Knox  Co.  After  marriage  he  engaged  for  2  years 
in  farming,  when  he  moved  to  Abingdon  and  started  the  Knox 
County  Democrat;  afterwards  formed  a  business  relation  with  Mr. 
Heaton  of  that  city.  This  was  the  first  Democratic  paper  published 
in  Knox  Co.  He  subseciuently  became  engaged  in  the  mercantile 
trade,  until  1871,  when  he  moved  to  Fulton  Co.,  and  settled  in 
Table  Grove,  where  he  became  engaged  in  the  drug  and  grocery 
business,  and  resided  until  elected  to  his  present  position  as  Circuit 
Clerk  in  1876,  when  he  settled  in  Lewistown.  Mr.  F.  served  as 
Collector  of  Indian  Point  tp.,  Knox  Co.,  in  1868,  and  Supervisor  in 
1869.  In  1873  was  elected  Supervisor  of  Farmers'  tp.,  this  Co., 
which  office  he  filled  for  4  consecutive  years ;  also  Justice  of  the 


986  HISTORY    OF    F.ULTON    COUNTY. 

Peace  in  1875  and  '76,  and  nntil  his  election  to  his  present  position, 
^vhieh  he  has  filled  to  the  satisfaction  of  all.  Elizabeth  and  Clilton 
are  his  living  eiiildren. 

M.  D.  Cummings,  Depnty  Circnit  Clerk,  son  of  Jndge  S.  P.  Gura- 
mings  and  wife,  Mrs.  L.  M.  Cunimings,  nee  Dnrell,  was  born  in 
Astoria,  this  connty,  Jan.  18,  1849.  He  was  educated  in  the  com- 
mon schools  of  this  connty,  learned  the  art  of  telegraphy,  and  was 
operator  at  Beardstown  prior  to  accepting  his  present  position.  He 
was  united  in  marriage  Oct.  19,  1879,  with  Miss  Emma,  daughter 
of  D.ivid  Kirkbride,  the  well-known  pioueer  landlord  of  Vermont. 
He  entered  the  Circuit  Clerk's  office  as  Deputy  in  May,  1877. 

Inaiah  C.  Worlej^,  County  Clerk,  was  born  in  Cumberland  Co., 
Pa.,  Oct.  27,  1834.  His  parents,  Daniel  and  Mary  (Caldwell) 
Worley  moved  to  Richland  Co.,  O.,  in  18,36,  where  both  of  them 
died  when  Isaiah  was  a  child.  After  their  demise  he  was  bound  out 
and  sutlered  the  experiences  and  hardships  of  parentless  children. 
He  came  into  the  county  in  1849  and  sto])ped  at  Farmington.  July 
16  of  the  same  year  he  came  to  Lewistown,  where  he  has  since  re- 
sided. Hh  worked  in  woolen  mills  and  clerked  in  stores  until  1855, 
when  he  began  writing  in  the  off.ce  of  Circuit  Clerk.  At  the 
breaking  out  of  the  ilebellion  he  enlisted  in  Co.  A,  103d  111.  Inf., 
and  served  nearly  3  years,  closing  his  military  service  in  the  Signal 
Service  Corj)S.  Returning  home  he  engaged  as  Deputy  in  the  office 
of  County  Clerk  and  served  nntil  1873,  when  he  was  elected  to  the 
office  he 'now  holds,  npon  the  People's  ticket.  In  1877  he  was 
re-elected.  His  entire  service  of  over  20  years  of  public  life  has 
been  characterized  with  ability,  integrity  and  uprightness.  He  mar- 
ried Amanda  L.,  daughter  of  Charles  Clark,  of  this  city,  and  they 
have  2  children:  Amv  Mabel,  born  Dec.  1,  1865,  and  William  C, 
born  Dec.  1,  1867. 

Frank  P.  Riull,  Dapatv  County  Clerk,  was  born  in  Cham- 
paign Cj.,  O.,  Mirch  9,  1838,  and  is  the  only  son  of  Robert  Paull, 
a  lineal  descendmt  of  Paul  Jones,  of  Revolutionary  fame.  Mr, 
P.  came  to  this  county  with  his  parents  in  1839.  TJiey  settled  in 
Bernadotte,  and  in  1840  erected  one  of  the  first  mills  in  this  county, 
which  was  swept  away  by  the  spring  freshet  of  1844.  He  was 
prominently  identified  with  the  early  settlement  of  the  county,  and 
is  at  present  living  at  Ipava.  The  subject  of  this  sketch  has  been 
engaged  in  the  County  Clerk's  office  since  his  boyhood.  In  Sept., 
1862,  he  engaged  in  tlie  sutler's  department  of  the  103d  regt.,  I.  V. 
I.,  and  was  afterward  employed  in  the  paymaster's  department  until 
the  close  of  the  war.  Returning  home  he  served  as  surveyor  4  years, 
and  tiien  accepted  his  present  position  of  Deputy  County  Clerk. 
In  March,  1863,  he  was  married  to  Miss  Margaret  Shawver,  a  na- 
tive of  this  county,  where  she  was  born  in  1838.  Anna  S.,  Bertha 
A.,  Lillie  and  Corda  are  their  living  children. 

0.  P.  Randolph,  Sheriff  of  Fulton  county,  is  a  native  of  Fay- 
ette Co.,  Pa.,  where  he  was  born  Feb.  26, 1830;  his  father,  Stepheu 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  987 

Rand()l])li,  Avas  a  native  of  tlio  same  county,  and  a  farmer.  He 
married  ^liss  Elizabeth  Phillii)s,  and  tlieir  only  ehild  was  O.  P. 
The  latter  passed  his  youth  in  Pennsylvania,  received  a  liberal  edu- 
cation and  learned  the  plasterer's  trade.  In  1850  he  married  Isabel 
Balsinger.  The  last  four  years  of  his  life  in  Pennsylvania  he  dealt 
in  live  stock  extensively  and  conducted  a  meat  market  in  New 
Salem.  On  emigrating  to  Illinois  he  settled  in  Astoria  tp.,  Fulton 
Co.,  purchasing  140  acres  of  land, — now  increased  to  220.  He 
opened  a  meat  market,  a  part  of  the  time  in  partnership  with  j\I. 
K.  Lerew  in  Astoria,  dealt  cNtensively  in  stock,  and  then  retired  to 
the  farm  again  ;  but  in  1878  he  was  nominated  by  the  Republican 
party  for  Sheriff,  and  he  was  elected  by  550  majority,  in  a  county 
that  had  always  had,  for  40  years,  only  a  Democratic  Sheriff.  He 
has  had  12  children,  10  of  whom  are  living:  John  B.  and  Charles 
S.,  Deputv  Sheriffs,  Wm.  T.,  Frank  P.,  O.'P.,  Anna  B.,  Elizabeth, 
Maggie  F.,  D.  W.  and  Mollie  D. 

H.  J.  Benton,  County  School  Superintendent,  is  a  native  of  Phil- 
adelphia, Pa.,  and  was  born  in  1819.  He  is  the  son  of  John  Ben- 
ton, a  sea  captain,  who  died  in  1822.  The  subject  of  this  sketch 
came  to  this  State  with  his  widowed  mother  in  1835  and  settled  in 
AVarsaw,  Hancock  county,  being  among  the  early  pioneers  of  that 
county.  In  183(3  he  entered  Jackson  College,  at  Jacksonville,  and 
3  years  afterward  commenced  teaching  and  has  devoted  26  years  of 
his  life  to  his  professional  calling.  He  was  married  May  31,  1851, 
to  Miss  Smith,  daughter  of  Gen.  Smith,  of  Hancock  county.  She 
is  a  native  of  Sangamon  county.  111.  They  have  three  children, — 
Charles,  Mary  and  Alice.  Mr.  B.  has  been  prominently  identified 
with  the  county,  and  has  filled  the  office  of  County  Superintendent 
of  Schools  since  18()9. 

Philemon  Markley,  County  Treasurer,  is  a  native  of  the  Buckeye 
State,  and  was  born  July  15,  1822.  His  parents  were  David  and 
Susannah  Markley,  who  came  to  this  State  in  183G,  bringing  their 
son  Philemon.  Hon.  David  Markley  was  one  of  the  leading  men  of 
Fulton  county  during  its  earlier  history.  He  resided  at  Canton, 
where  our  subject  grew  to  manhood  and  embarked  in  active  life. 
From  the  age  of  12  years  to  17  he  clerked  in  a  dry -goods  store.  He 
then  learned  the  brick-mason's  trade,  which  he  continued  to  follow 
until  1877,  when  he  was  chosen  by  the  people  to  handle  the  public 
funds  of  the  county,  which  he  has  done  with  the  signal  honesty  that 
has  characterized  his  entire  life.  That  he  gave  entire  satisfaction  to 
the  public  is  evinced  bvth(i  faot  of  his  being  elected  to  a  second  term, 
which  he  was  in  1<S79.  Mr.  Markley  was  married  in  this  county  in 
1845  to  Mary  G.  Shinn,  who  was  born  in  Virginia  Nov.  24,  1828. 
A  family  of  3  children  have  been  born  to  them, — Sarah,  Clara  and 
Ann,  the  latter  deceased. 

Dr.  .S'.  B.  Bennett. — We  refer  the  reader  for  a  sketch  of  Dr.  Ben- 
nett, Coroner  of  Fulton  county,  to  the  biographical  department  of 
the  history  of  Fairview. 


988 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


(lOUNTY  OFFICIALS. 


COUNTY  COMMISSIONERS. 

David  W.  Birnes 

Thomas  R.  Covell ^82:5 

Joseph  Moftatt 

James  Gardner 

James  Birnes !- 1824 

David  \V.  Barnes 

Steplien  Phelps 

David  W.  Barnes S-1825 

James  Gardner 

Diniei  McNiel 

Eli  H.  Bearce 1-1826-30 

Elias  Foster 

Thomas  W.  Tavlor 

AVilliam  Johnson !- 1830-3: 

Elijah  Put  man. 

Elijah  Wilk'oxen 

Ware  Lens; 1-1832-34 

John  McNeil 

John   McNeil  

Jonah  Marchant 1-1834-36 

Joseph  Brown 

Charles  Newcomh 

Jared  Lyon 1-1836-38 

William  Johnson 

John  Johnst(m 1838-40 

John  Barker 1838-41 

Hiram  W.'ntworth 1838-39 

Isaac  Linlev 1839-42 

Samuel  Dver 1840-43 

John  F.  Randolph 1841-44 

Evan   Bailv 1842-45 

David  S.  Johnson 1844-48 

Parlev  C.  Stearns 1846-49 


COUNTV  CLERKS. 

Hugh  R.  Colter 1823 

Stephen  Dewey 1824-39 

Henry  B.  Evans 1839  47 

Fitch'J.  Porter. 1847-49 

Leonard  F   Ross 1849-53 

John  H.  Peirsol 1853-61 

Joseph  Dvckes 1861-69 

James  H.'Stipp  1869-73 

Isaiah  C.  Worley 1873 

SHERIFFS. 

Abner  Eads 1823-25 

O.  M.  Ross 1825  27 

Mvron  Phelps 1827-28 

Charles  Newcomb 1828-32 


Hush  Lainaster... 


.1832-40 


'arley 

Jacob  Sharp 1846 

David  S.  Johnson 1847 

Wm.  K.  Johnson 1848 

COUNTY  JUDGES. 

Erasmus  D.  Rice 1849-53 

Henrv  L.  Bryant 1853-61 

John'M.  Lewis 1861-69 

John  H.  Peirsol 1869-76 

Henry  L.  Br\'ant 1876-77 

Samuel  P.  Cummings 1877 

CIRCUIT  CLERKS. 

Hugh  R.  Colter 1823 

Stephen  Dewey 1823-41 

tWashington  J.  Taylor 1841-48 

Joel  Solomon 1841 

William  .McComb 1848-52 

p:iward  Sayre 1852-60 

Alex.   Hull 1860  68 

Henry  W.  Baughman 18(18-76 

Theophilus  L.  Frazier 1876 

tPro  tern,  pending  the  appointment  of  Joel 
Solomon  by  Judge  Stephen  A.  Douglas. 

<■  In  most  awes  the  figures  after  the  dash  .signify  the  year  into  which  the  officer  served.  In 
some  instuiues,  however,  thev  only  served  to  the  beginning  of  the  year  denoted.  It  was  impos- 
sible for  us  to  find  the  name  of  the  officer  for  every  year,  and  those  years  for  which  no  names  are 
given  are  such  as  we  were  unable  to  obtain. 


Cannah  Jones 1843-46 

Joseph  Dvckes. 1846-50 

David  J.  Waggoner 1850-52 

Joseph  Dvckes 1852-54 

David  J.  Waggoner 1854-56 

William  M.  Standard 1856-58 

Davi<l  J.  Waggoner 1858-60 

Asaph  Perry. 1800-62 

J.  F.  Willcoxen 1862-64 

Rol  )ert  Job nson 1 864-66 

David  J.  Waggoner 186t>-68 

Silas  Babbitt 1868-70 

Robert  Prichard 1870-74 

David  J.  Waggoner 1874-78 

Oliver  P.  Randolph 1878 

SURVEYORS. 

John  N.  Ross 1823 

Jonas  Rawalt 1831-34 

Hugh  Latnaster 1834-36 

Stephen  H.  Pitkins 1836 

Gilhert 

Vorhees 

Isaiah  Stillman 1847-49 

Stephen   H.  Pitkins 1849-51 

David  F.  Emry 1851-53 

Tera  Jones 1853-56 

William  J.  Edie 1856-57 

Harrison  Rigdon 1857-59 

David  Shreeves 1859-69 

Francis  P.  Paull 186i)-74 

Charles  Killsa... 1874-79 

Wm.T.  R.  Fennessy 1879 

SUI'EHINTENDENTS  OF  SCHOOLS. 

Samuel  S.  Tipton 1865 

James  K.  Harniison -69 

Horatio  J.  Benton 1869-73 

Vincent  M.  Grewell 1873-77 

Horatio  J.  Benton 1877 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


989 


SCHOOL  COMMISSIONER?!. 

Joel  Wrifxht 1S33 

JoiKis  Knwalt 18:W-37 

Eriisiiuis   I).  Rii'e 1^37-44 

Fitch  J.  I'orter 1843-47 

M:irtin  Eirlu>ll)ergiT 1847-4!) 

Willi;ini  N.  Cline 1849-51 

John   W.  Shiiui 18')l-o3 

E.lwiir.l  S:iviv ]8o3-o4 

Wm.ii.lLrski'U 18o4-o8 

S.  Y.  Tlioniton 18.kS-G3 

W.  T.  Davidson 18G3-0o 

COUNTY  TREASURERS. 

ThomnsL.  Ross 1823 

Kol.crt  Gnint 1823-24 

O.  M.  Ross 1824 

Roliert  Gnint 1824-27 

Moses  Hallett 1827 

Siu'lden  Lockwood 1828 

John  McNeil 1829-31 

Isaiah  Stillnian 1831 

Jesse  Ben  son 1832 

Erasmus  1).  Rice 1833-37 

Hi  rah  Sanders 1837 

Erasmus  D.  Rice 1837-39 

John  Miller 1839-41 


Franklin  Foster 1841-43 

William  .McComb 1843-48 

Robert  Paull 1848-53 

Georjie  Humphrey 1853-57 

J  Mub  Derrv  ..1857-(il 

Wdliam  C.  Worlcv 18()l-(i5 

Charles  Howard 18t)5-()9 

Evan  Bailv 18(19-73 

Job  Walker 1873-77 

Plnlemon  Markley 1877 

CORONERS. 

William  CInrk. 1823 

Daniel  Wells 183(>-38 

Emslev  Wiley 1838 

Henry' Snively 1848-52 

Harrison  I*.  Fellows 1852-54 

S  uunel  Sivley 1854-56 

James  Robb  1856-58 

Zalmon  A.  Green 1858-00 

Isaa(!  Cunningham 186  '-02 

H.  McCanghey 18()0-64 

F.  M.  Snively 1864-66 

John  Scrivner 1866-68 

Joseph   Barker. 1868-70 

Daniel  Walters 1870-72 

Hiram  Hunt 1872-78 

S.  B.Bennett 1878 


58 


CHAPTER  XYIII. 

THE  PRESS. 

The  printing  press,  the  most  potent  agent  in  molding  the  destinies 
of  a  community  or  a  nation,  and  the  one  perhaps  the  least  appre- 
ciated for  the  good  it  does,  has  ever  exerted  a  healthful  influence  in 
forming  the  sentiments  of  the  people  of  Fulton  county.  Prior  to 
the  date  of  the  first  issue  of  the  pioneer  paper  of  the  county  hut  few 
papers  ever  found  their  way  into  the  homes  of  the  early  settlers. 
They  received  mail  at  the  scattering  settlements  only  once  a  week, 
and  occasionally  some  religious  pnper  or  Eastern  journal  would  be 
sent  by  friends  in  the  more  fortunate  and  larger  towns  in  the  South 
and  East. 

The  pioneers  were  ambitious  and  enterprising  and  ere  many  years 
had  rolled  around  started  a  paper  of  their  own.  The  first  news- 
paper enterprise  inaugurated  in  Fulton  county  so  far  as  we  are  able 
learn  was  the  Canton  Herald.  This  was  the  pioneer  sheet  of  the 
Military  Tract.  It  was  started  by  Rev.  Gideon  B.  Perrv,  D.  D., 
L.  L.  D.,  and  Ptolemy  Stone  in  1837.  Rev.  Perry  came  to  Canton 
shortly  prior  to  this  and  became  one  of  its  leading  citizens. 
He  practiced  medicine  and  surgery  and  also  preached.  During  his 
residence  in  that  city  he  built  a  church,  several  dwellings  and  en- 
gaged in  the  drug  business.  He  died  at  Hopkinsville,  Ky.,  Sept. 
30,  1879,  at  the  time  Rector  of  Grace  Episcopal  Church. 

The  Herald  evidently  had  but  a  short  existence,  as  we  find  in 
1840  The  Western  Telegraph  was  published  at  Canton.  The  editors 
of  this  paper,  which  was  a  six-column  folio,  were  Stone  &  Christ. 
This  was  the  Mr.  Stone  who  aided  Mr.  Perrv  in  founding  the  first 
paper.  It  appears  that  he  was  the  great  pioneer  newspaper  man  of 
Fulton  county,  for  ere  long  we  find  him  the  principal  actor  in 
another  paper. 

March  26,  1841,  the  first  number  of  the  Fulton  Telegraph 
appeared.  This  paper  was  undoubtedly  a  continuation  of  The 
Western  Telegraph.  It  too  was.  a  six-column  folio  and  nicely 
printed.  It  was  published  by  Ptolemy  Stone,  and  edited  by 
Davidson  &  Stone. 

The  Fulton  Banner  was  the  next  publication  to  appear  from  the 
press  of  this  county.  This  was  a  five-column  folio  and  published  at 
Lewistown,  by  whom  we  are  unable  to  learn.  Then  came  the  Illi- 
nois Public  Ledger,  which  first  appeared  in  1850;  of  this  the  Ful- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTOX    COUNTY.  991 

ton  Ledger  is  the  outgrowth.  About  that  time  and  since,  neM'spapcr 
enterprises  have  sprung  up  in  ditforent  parts  of  the  county,  many  of 
which  however  to  have  but  a  siiort  existence. 

Btdow  we  give  historical  sketclies  of  each  of  the  nine  weekly 
papers  published  in  Fulton  county. 

FULTON  COUNTY  LEDGER. 

This  is  one  of  leading  Democratic  journals  of  Central  Illinois,  and 
one  of  the  oldest.  For  a  period  of  thirty  years  it  has  greeted  its 
readers,  and  for  twenty-three  years  it  has  been  under  the  supervision 
of  its  present  editor  and  publisher,  Mr.  S.  Y.  Thornton,  who  is  the 
oldest  editor  in  Fulton  county,  and  who  ranks  high  in  the  journal- 
istic profession. 

In  October,  1850,  the  Illinois  Public  Ledger  firfit  appeared.  This 
was  a  seven-column  folio  sheet  published  at  Lewistown,  and  of 
which  the  Fidfon  County  Ledger  \i>  the  outgrowth. 

The  Public  Ledger  was  a  weekly  published  by  Joseph  Dyckes  and 
S.S.Brooks.  The  former  was  proprietor  and  the  latter  editor.  It 
was  conducted  for  some  time  at  Lewistown,  the  office  standing  across 
the  street  west  of  INIr.  Nathan  Beadles'  residence.  Soon  Charles  E. 
Griffith  became  editor  and  manager.  He  was  an  apprentice  with 
Mr.  Thornton  in  the  same  office  in  Pennsylvania  and  came  and 
stopped  at  Lewistown  and  took  Mr.  Brooks'  place  on  the  Ledger,  and 
in  1854  located  at  Canton  with  the  paper.  In  order  to  induce 
the  Ledger  to  be  brought  to  Canton,  Henry  Walker  bought  a  one- 
third  interest  in  it,  when  the  ownership  of  the  paper  was  equally 
divided  between  Messrs.  Dyckes,  (jiriffith  and 'Walker.  In  the  fall 
of  1854  Mr.  Dyckes  was  bought  out  by  John  Bideman,  when  the 
firm  was  known  as  Griffin  &  Bideman.  Mr.  Dyckes  did  not  sever 
his  connection  with  the  entcrjjrise,  hoMever,  until  he  had  sunk  several 
thousand  dollars  in  it,  he  tells  us.  But  few  papers  have  been  estab- 
lished without  a  loss,  and  the  Ledger  is  not  an  exception. 

In  the  fall  of  1856  Mr.  Thornton  bought  Mr.  Griffith's  interest, 
and  the  firm  was  then  Thornton  &  Bideman.  It  remained  thus 
only  a  short  time,  for  in  the  spring  of  1857  Mr.  Thornton  bought 
out  Bideman  and  became  the  sole  proprietor  and  editor.  That  was 
the  last  change  ever  made  in  its  management.  Mr.  Thornton  has 
remained  steadily  and  faithfully  at  the  helm  ever  since.  He  as- 
sumed control  of  it  at  the  beginning  of  its  sixth  volume.  Number 
one  of  that  volume  apj^eared  Nov.  18,  1856. 

The  early  papers  of  the  county  had  no  local  columns  or  even 
local  items.  Indeed,  we  find  copies  of  old  publications  without  a 
single  "  local,"  or  the  mention  of  an  event  transpiring  in  this 
county.  Now  we  pick  up  any  of  the  papers  of  to-day  and  we  may 
find  hundreds  of  local  notes.  We  can  become  acquainted  with  the 
news  of  the  entire  county  from  almost  any  paper  published  at  pres- 
ent.    The  Ledger  has  the  honor  of  being  the  pioneer  in,  this  novel 


992  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

line  of  journalism,  for  it  was  the  first  paper  in  the  countv  to  intro- 
duce locals  into  its  columns,  which  was  done  l)y  its  present  editor. 
During  the  early  history  of  the  bounty  but  few  ibreign  papers 
found  their  way  into  its  borders.  The  people  had  no  opportunity 
of  getting  the  city  dailies  twice  each  day  as  they  have  now,  but  had 
to  dej)end  upon  their  own  local  j)apers  for  the  general  news  of  the 
country.  Accordingly,  the  early  ])aj)ers  were  filled  with  clij)pings 
from  the  few  foreign  papers  the  editor  was  fortunate  enough  to  get, 
and  with  choice  literary  selections.  And  we  miy-ht  here  remark 
that  one  can  find  in  the  columns  of  the  old  files  of  the  Lechjer  as 
choice  a  variety  of  literature,  as  entertaining  and  interesting  as  are 
to  be  found  in  any  of  the  periodicals  of  this  boasted  day  of  learning. 

The  Jdinois  Public  Ledger  was  changed  to  The  Fulton  Ledger,  and 
after  Mr.  Thornton  assumed  control  of  it  he  changed  it  to  the  Ful- 
ton County  Ledger,  and  brought  it  out  in  a  new  dress.  It  was 
started  as  a  seven-column  folio,  and  shortly  afterwards  enlarged, 
and  thus  run  till  1862,  when  it  was  reduced  to  its  original  size. 
Again,  Nov.  24,  1871,  at  the  beginning  of  volume  22,  it  was  en- 
larged to  its  present  size, — eight-column  folio. 

The  Ledger  enjoys  a  liberal  advertising  patronage  and  a  large 
circulation.  Its  locals  are  abundant,  fresh  and  crisp.  Its  foreign 
and  general  news  is  such  as  the  public  desire  to  become  acquainted 
with.  Its  editorial  columns  are  ably  managed.  The  political  mea- 
sures and  movements  of  the  day  are  discussed  feal'lesslv,  vet  im- 
passionately.  The  principles  of  the  Democratic  party  are  advocated, 
and  other  measures  that  its  editor  believes  to  be  for  the  welfare  of 
the  general  public.  Indeed,  the  I^edger  is  a  first-class  journal  in 
every  department.     Of  its  editor,  Mr.  Thornton,  we  will  now  sjieak. 

Stephen  Yerkes  Thornton,  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Fulton 
County  Ledger  since  the  fiiU  of  1856,  was  born  in  Philadelphia,  Pa., 
Dec.  13,  1831  ;  was  educated  at  the  common  schools  of  his  native 
city  and  the  Coffeyville  Boarding  School;  at  the  age  of  17  he  com- 
menced to  learn  the  printer's  trade  in  the  office  of  the  Doyelstown 
i>emocm^,  Bucks  county.  Pa. ;  Morked  several  months  in  1864  in 
the  office  of  the  Washington  Globe,  and  June  2  of  that  year  he  came 
to  Canton,  111.,  and  worked  in  the  Ledger  of^ce  as  a  journeyman 
printer  until  the  fall  of  18o6,  when  he  bought  Mr.  Griffith's  interest 
in  that  paper,  and  the  next  spring  he  bought  out  the  other  partner, 
Mr.  Bideman ;  in  1859  he  was  elected  County  Commissioner  of 
Schools  and  re-elected  in  '61  ;  was  Alderman  of  the  4th  ward  of  Canton 
two  terms,  1865-7,  and  one  term  in  the  3d  ward,  1870-71  ;  member 
of  the  Board  of  Education  1869  to  1876,  being  President  the  last 
two  years  ;  in  1872  he  was  elected  a  member  of  the  State  Legislature 
on  the  Democratic  ticket,  and  in  1874  was  re-elected;  and  in  1876 
was  a  candidate  on  the  same  ticket  for  Secretary  of  State. 

His  parents  were  Theodore  and  Mary  (nee  Yerkes)  Thornton,  the 
former  a  native  of  Pennsylvania  near  Philadelphia,  and  of  English 
descent,  and  the  latter  of  Montgomery  county,  Pa.,  of  German  an- 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  993 

cestiy.  Her  fiithcr  was  Wm.  Ycrkcs  and  her  mother  was  Lotitia, 
neehong;  her  grandfather  was  Harman  Yerkcs,and  her  grandmother 
was  Mary,  nee  Stout;  her  great  grandfather  emigrated  from  Ger- 
many and  loeated  in  Montgomery  county,  Pa.  Mr.  T.'s  father's 
father  was  John  Thornton  ;  liis  father's  mother  was  Mary,  nee  Moon  ; 
this  family  came  from  Engh»nd  and  settled  in  Bucks  county,  Pa. 

Mr.  Thornton  married  Ann  Adelaide  Baudouine,  daugiiter  of 
Abraham  and  Cornelia  {nee  Stout)  Bau(h)uine,  in  the  Baptist  church 
at  Canton,  Feb.  14,  1858  ;  of  their  5  children  3  are  living, — Theo- 
dore R.  (dec.  at  3  years  of  age,  in  the  spring  of  186*2),  Mary  L. 
(died  within  10  days  of  last,  both  of  scarlet  fever),  Ella  Irene,  Wm. 
E.  and  Carrie. 

THE    LEWISTOWN    DEMOCRAT. 

There  is  no  paper  published  in  interior  Illinois  that  is  more 
widely  known  than  the  one  of  which  we  now  write.  For  a  quarter 
of  a  century  it  has  regularly  made  its  weekly  visits  to  the  homes  of 
the  citizens  of  Lewistown,  and,  indeed,  of  all  parts  of  the  county. 
During  these  manv  years  no  other  paper  in  the  county  has  wielded 
a  greater  influence  for  the  public  weal,  and  for  its  party  j)rinciples, 
than  it.  The  thirteen  hundred  different  numbers  of  it  that  have 
been  issued  have  done  more  toward  molding  the  political  sentiment 
of  Fulton  county,  and  furnished  a  greater  variety  of  news  and  choice 
literary  reading  than  any  other  journal  published  within  its 
borders. 

But  few  papers  have  been  founded  and  experienced  so  few 
changes  in  its  editorial  management  during  an  existence  of  twenty- 
five  years  as  the  Donocrdl  has.  No  other  name  than  that  of  David- 
son has  ever  appeared  at  its  head.  Only  one  change  has  ever  been 
made,  and  for  over  twenty  years  the  present  editor  and  publisher 
has  stood  at  the  helm. 

In  the  way  of  a  preface  to  the  historical  sketch  of  the  Democrat 
we  wish  to  speak  of  two  or  three  other  papers  that  flourished  at 
Lewistown  just  })revious  to  the  founding  of  it. 

The  Fulton  Republican  was  started  in  1844  by  Hugh  Lamaster  as 
a  Whig  organ  and  an  im])etuous  advocate  of  Henry  Clay  ft)r  Presi- 
dent. It  suspended  in  1854  immediately  upon  the  removal  of  the 
Illinois  Public  Lcd(/er  to  Canton,  and  Lewistown  was  for  a  time 
without  a  paper.  The  Republican  was  plucky,  and  although  for 
some  time  previous  to  its.  suspension  it  did  not  pay  as  an  enterprise, 
yet  so  long  as  its  rival,  the  L<(h/er,  rcinained  at  Lewistown  it  would 
hold  out  even  at  a  loss.  .1.  .M.  Rankin,  a  school-teacher,  bought 
most  of  the  material  of  the  Republican  office  and  started  a  very  neat 

seven-column  papjr  called  the ,  thirteen  issues  of  which 

appeared,  when  it  suspended. 

Just  here  we  wish  to  remark  that  the  reason  for  not  giving  the 
name  of  Mr.  Rankin's  j)ul)li('ation  is  not  because  we  failed  to  make 
diligent  inquiries  to  obtain  it.     Many  persons  who  we  were  informed 


994  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 

would  remember  its  name  were  queried  in  regard  to  it,  but  not  one 
could  call  tlic  name  to  mind.  Even  Mr.  Frank  P.  Paull,  a  man  of 
excellent  memory  and  who  was  employed  upon  it  as  a  compositor, 
fails  to  remember  it.  He  called  upon  as  many  as  twenty  persons 
whom  he  knew  were  once  familiar  with  the  short-lived  sheet,  but  not 
one  of  them  could  tell  its  name.  Thus,  perhaps,  the  title  of  this 
pioneer  paper  will  never  be  resurrected  from  the  oblivion  that  has 
already  enshrouded  it. 

The'  first  number  of  The  Fulton  Democrat,  the  original  name  of 
the  Lewistown  Democrat,  appeared  June  14,  1855.  It  was  pub- 
lished bv  James  M.  Davidson,  brother  of  the  present  editor.  The 
printing'  office  at  that  time  was  in  a  little  one-story  brick  building 
that  was  located  just  north  of  the  court-house.  Its  salutatory  was 
three  and  one-half  columns  in  length.  It  was  an  able  review  of  the 
political  history  and  situation  of  the  United  States,  and  the  editor 
even  crossed  the  ocean  to  Europe  and  spoke  in  a  familiar  manner  of 
the  political  situations  of  the  powers  of  that  continent.  The  paper 
was  a  six-coluuin  folio,  neatly  printed,  and  reflected  credit  upon  its 
publisher. 

Mr.  J.  M.  Davidson  conducted  the  Democrat  as  editor  and  pro- 
prietor until  July,  1.S58,  when  Wm.  T.  Davidson  became  associated 
with  him  as  co-i)artner,  and  the  firm  was  known  as  Davidson  Bros. 
It  remained  thus  but  a  short  time,  however,  for  we  find  that  on 
Nov.  12,  1858,  the  firm  was  dissolved  by  James  M.  Davidson  with- 
drawing, leaving  Wm.  T.  Davidson  sole  editor  and  proprietor, 
which  he  has  remained  to  this  day,  James  M.,  during  the  past 
eigliteen  years,  has  been  editing  the  Carthage  (111.)  Republican. 

During  the  summer  and  autumn  of  1879,  Mr.  Davidson  erected 
a  large  brick  building  especially  arranged  for  a  printing  office. 
This  building,  which  "doubtless  will  be  known  as  the  ''Democrat 
Building,"  is  located  upon  the  west  side  of  the  Public  Square,  and 
is  one  of  the  finest  business  blocks  in  Fulton  county.  The  entire 
upper  floor  of  the  structure  is  occupied  by  the  office  of  the  Demo- 
crat. All  of  the  more  modern  conveniences  and  improvements 
have  been  introduced  in  it,  and  to-day  it  is  not  only  the  largest  and 
best  fitted  printing  establishment  in  the  county,  but  will  compare 
favorably  with  any  offices  in  any  of  the  smaller  cities  of  the  State. 
Among  the  uselui  improvements  introduced  in  the  new  office  is  a 
steam  engine,  which  furnishes  ample  ])ower  to  run  his  presses. 

Politically,  as  the  name  iuiplies,  this  is  a  Democratic  pajier.  The 
editor,  however,  is  independent  and  fearless  in  his  editorials.  He 
advocates  or  approves  men  and  measures  with  all  the  force  and 
abilitv  of  a  natur.dly  gifted  pen  and  an  exccdingly  j)ositive  out- 
spoken nature.  He  has  a  mind  (»f  his  own  and  never  fears  to  ex- 
press it.  His  articles  have  a  characteristic  terseness  and  force  which 
is  well  known  all  through  Central  Illinois.  His  opinion  on  public 
matters,  on  political  issues,  and  of  public  men,  is  sought  and  relied 
upou  with  no  little  degree  of  confidence. 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  995 

He  has  labored  liard  for  many  years  upon  this  paper,  with  an 
ambition  to  make  of  it,  not  a  political  organ,  but  a  good  I'amily 
newspaper;  and  that  his  labors  have  been  appreciated  is  evinced  by 
the  liberal  patronage  his  paper  has  received. 

The  Lewistown  Democrat  is  a  large,  nine-column  folio  and  con- 
tains a  greater  amount  of  reading  matter  than  any  other  journal 
published  in  the  county.  Its  local  columns  are  well  filled  with  the 
happenings  of  the  entire  county  which  are  of  general  or  local  in- 
terest. During  the  early  days  of  the  existence  of  this  paper  it  con- 
tained a  very  limited  number  of  locals,  for,  said  the  editor,  "Nothing 
occurred  to  make  a  local  of." 

William  Taylor  Davidson,  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Democrat, 
was  born  in  Petersburg,  Menard  Co.,  111.,  Feb.  8,  1837,  and  brought 
to  this  countv  the  foilowin<2:  vear,  where  he  was  reared  and  has  since 
lived.  Isliain  G.  Davidson,  his  f  ither,  was  brought  from  South  Caro- 
lina to  Illinois  in  1807,  even  prior  to  the  organization  of  the  Territory 
of  Illinois,  and  11  years  before  its  organization  as  a  State.  He  was 
born  in  1802,  and'died  in  Feb.,  1878.  Up  to  the  time  of  his  death 
there  were  few  men  living  in  the  great  Prairie  State  who  came  into 
it  while  it  was  yet  a  county  of  the  Territory  of  Indiana.  Mr. 
Davidson's  mother,  Sarah  A.  (Springer)  Davidson,  was  born  June 
2,  1810.  She  was  brought  (in  1811),  to  the  State  before  its  organ- 
ization as  such  and  lived  in  log  forts  in  Coles  county  during  the 
war  of  1812  to  '15.  She  saw  many  of  her  neighbors  killed  by  the 
Indians.  His  parents  were  united  in  marriage  in  1826.  This 
couple  were  truly  pioneers.  Wni.  T.  began  his  career  as  printer 
upon  the  Republican  in  1853  with  Hugh  Lamaster,  and  has  made 
it  his  lite  work.  He  was  elected  Commissioner  of  Schools  for  Ful- 
ton county  in  18()3,  and  did  much  to  rectify  the  prevailing  abuses 
of  school  privileges.  He  was  united  in  marriage  with  Lueinda 
Ann  Miner  in  1800.  They  have  had  a  family  of  7  children  born 
to  them,  5  of  whom  are  living.     Harry  is  their  eldest  sou. 

CANTON    REGISTER. 

This  large  and  excellent  newpapor  is  one  of  the  leading  journals 
of  Central  Illinois,  indeed,  it  takes  rank  with  the  larger  and  more 
prosperous  pipers  of  the  Northwest.  Unusual  ability,  tact  and 
business  enterprise  are  displayed  in  its  management.  Its  editorials 
are  ably  propired,  its  local  columns  are  generally  full,  well  arranged 
and  emliraoe  all  t\\i'.  h  ipponings  of  the  city,  indeed,  of  the  entire 
county.  It  his  a  list  of  regular  correspondents  in  various  parts  of 
the  county,  who  contribute  well-prepared  articles  of  the  news  of 
their  district  each  week. 

The  typographical  appearance  of  the  Rejider,  which  is  the  largest 
paper  publislied  in  Fulton  county,  is  neat  and  tasty.  It  is  an  honor 
to  any  office  to  send  out  such  excellent  quality  of  work.  The 
Regider  office  is  furnished  all  through  with  the  best  material  and 
presses,  and  for  mechanical  execution  the  job   work  done  at  this 


996  HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

offi32  will  compare  favorably  with  that  turned  out  from  the  larger 
establishments  of  the  State.  Its  present  editor  is  one  of  the 
thorou,ij;hly  enterprising  newspaper  mjn  of  the  county,  and  that  the 
progress  lie  has  made  is  appreciated  by  tlie  general  public  is  evinced 
by  the  unusual  success  attending  his  enterprises. 

The  first  issue  of  the  Canton  Register  appeared  in  January,  1849, 
Charles  J.  SjIIou*  being  publisher.  It  was  then  a  six-column  folio. 
In  April  following,  Mr.  Sellon  sold  the  office  to  Messrs.  Slaughter 
&  Sharkey.  In  July  following  Mr.  Slaughter  died  of  cholera,  and, 
Mr.  Sharkey,  having  no  practical  knowledge  of  the  newspaper  busi- 
ness, the  services  of  John  S.  Winter,  Esq.,  were  secured  as  editor. 
Mr.  Winter  soon  after  resigned  his  position  and  commenced  the  pub- 
lication of  the  Knoxville  Journal.  He  is  the  present  County  Clerk 
of  Knox  county.  In  November,  1849,  Mr.  Sharkey  procured  the 
services  of  Mr.  John  P.  Brooks  (who  was  afterwards  elected  State 
Superintendent  of  Public  Instruction)  as  editor,  and  the  Rec/isfer 
was  issued  as  a  Democratic  paper.  Up  to  this  time  it  had  been 
neutral  in  politics.  In  this  character  the  /u-r/AsM'  lived  but  a  short 
time,  and  in  February,  1850,  ceased  to  exist,  and  the  office  fell  into 
the  hands  of  T.  Maple,  who  in  August  of  that  year  sold  it  to 
Thos.  J.  Walker,  of  Belleville,  111.  He  purchased  a  larger  press, 
and  in  September  recommenced  the  publication  of  the  Register  as  a 
neutral  paper,  and  enlarged  it  to  seven  columns.  For  a  few  weeks 
he  employed  Mr.  Wm.  H.  Haskell  as  editor,  but  soon  thereafter 
took  Dr.  Asa  Lee  Davison  as  partner  in  the  office  and  editor  of  the 
paper.  In  1852  Mr.  Walker  disposed  of  his  interest  in  the  office  to 
Mr.  Henry  L.  Nicolet.  On  the  2d  day  of  March,  1853,  Dr.  Davi- 
son died,  and  Mr.  Alpheus  Davison  bought  his  interest  in  the  office, 
the  firm  then  being  Davison  &  Nicolet.  The  new  firm  soon  changed 
the  character  of  the  paper  from  neutral  to  indejxnident,  and  boldly 
discussed  the  political  issues  of  the  times  without  regard  to  party, 
one  of  the  proprietors  being  a  Democrat  and  the  other  a  AVhig. 
The  Register  o[)posQd  the  Kansas-Nebraska  bill,  which  subsequently 
caused  the  destruction  of  old  party  lines  and  the  organization  of  the 
Republican  party.  In  1856  the  Register  became  an  outspoken  Re- 
publican paper,  and  by  the  assistance  of  friends  a  power  press  was 
purchased  and  the  paper  enlarged  to  eight  colums.  In  1861  the 
proprietors  threw  aside  party  lines  and  declared  only  in  favor  of  the 
maintenance  of  the  Government  and  the  Union  without  regard  to 
party.  During  the  years  18(51-2  the  paper  had  a  hard  struggle  for 
its  existence,  it  being  suspended  for  two  months  during  1862,  while 
both  its  proprietors  were  in  the  army. 


*Mr.  ScIIon  was  siiVisoqnently  conncctorl  with  sevor.il  different  pipers,  nnd 
on  the  lt^e;ikiii<;  out  of  tiie  w.ir  Itecaiiu'  M  ijor  of  :ui  Illinois  regiment,  where 
he  remained  till  his  health  and  hearing  were  so  niucli  iinpaire<i  liiat  it  lecanie 
necessirv  for  him  to  resiirn.  After  retMrnin<r  home  lie  was  for  a  short  time 
conneeted  with  the  Springfield  Journal,  an  1  still  later  with  the  Peoria  Tran- 
script, but  his  heahh  continued  to  fail,  and  he  died  in  18(32. 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COITXTY.  997 

In  October,  1866,  !Mr.  Alphciis  Davison  sold  his  interest  in  the 
paper  to  James  K.  Magie,  who  became  its  editor.  The  firm  name 
was  Nicolet  &  Magie,  and  the  Register  was  again  a  pronounced  Re- 
publican paper.  Some  time  between  1868  and  1^72  Mr.  Nicolet 
disposed  of  his  interest  to  W.  P.  Tanquarv,  and  the  firm  name  was 
changed  to  Magie  &  Tanquarv.  In  187o  Mr.  Tanquarv  sold  out  to 
Mr.  Magie,  who  became  sole  proprietor.  In  1877  Mr.  Jesse  N. 
Berry  and  E.  R.  Magie  leased  the  office  (Mr.  Jas.  K.  Magie  having 
been  appointed  State  Printer  Ex])ert,  could  not  attend  to  the  publi- 
cation of  the  paper)  for  one  year.  At  the  expiration  of  their 
lease  ^Ir.  Berry  retired,  and  James  K.  Magie  &  Son  became  editors 
and  publishers.  During  the  spring  of  1878  the  Messrs.  Magie  pro- 
nounced in  favor  of  the  National  or  Greenback  party,  and  the 
Register  rapidly  ran  down  until  it  no  longer  paid  ex]>enses. 

In  June,  1878,  Mr.  C.  E.  Snively,  the  present  editor  and  proprie- 
tor, purcliased  the  office  and  good  will  of  Mr.  J.  K.  Magie,  and  at  once 
made  the  Register  an  advocate  of  Republican  principles.  By  dint  of 
hard  labor  the  Register  again  assumed  its  place  as  tlie  leading  paper 
of  the  county,  and  to-day  enjoys  a  circulation  of  almost  '2,000  copies 
per  week.     It  is  also  the  largest  paper  i)rinted  in  Fulton  county. 

Clarence  E.  Snively,  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Register,  is  a 
native  of  Ellisville,  Fulton  county,  where  he  was  born  July  4, 
18o4.  He  received  his  education  j)rin('ipally  at  the  public  sclioolsat 
Avon.  His  father,  Naaman  Snively,  carried  on  the  harness  business 
at  Avon  for  several  years.  AVhen  the  subject  of  this  sketch  was  10 
years  of  age  this  parent  died,  at  which  time  Clarence  entered  the 
office  of  E.  A.  Snively,  editor  and  publisher  of  the  Rushville  Times. 
He  rem  lined  in  that  office  lor  2  years,  when  he  entered  the  office  of 
the  Pekin  Register  (now  the  Times)  to  finish  his  apprenticeship. 
After  he  had  accomplished  this  his  ability  was  appreciated  to  such  an 
extent  that  he  was  made  foreman  of  the  office.  In  1875  he  bought  a 
hilf  interest  in  tiie  Carlinville  Democrat,  in  company  with  H.  M. 
Kimball ;  af"ter  one  year  sold  out  his  interest  in  this  ])aper  to  A.  W. 
Edward.  He  received  an  offer  from  W.  T.  Dowdall,  editor  of  the 
National  Democrat,  Peoria,  to  take  the  fbremanship  of  that  office, 
which  he  accepted,  and  in  that  capacity  acted  until  Sept.  17,  1877, 
when  he  took  the  fbremanship  of  the  Canton  Register  office,  then 
edited  by  Berry  &  Magie. 

In  June,  1878,  Mr.  Snively  bought  the  entire  interest  of  this 
paptT,  since  which  time  he  has  conducted  it  alone.  The  circulation 
has  increased  under  his  management  from  500  to  almost  2,000, 
and  from  a  six-column  folio  to  a  six-column  quarto,  and  it  is 
one  of  the  largest  and  best  managed    provincial  papers  in  the  State. 

THE   NEW^S-CHRONICLE. 

As  early  as  1843  Lewistown  had  a  nowspap'^r.  At  that  early 
date  the  Fulton  Banner  was  published  here,  by  whom  we  do  not 
know.     It  was  a  five-column   folio,  and  lor  a  pioneer  paper  the 


998  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

meclifinical  work  reflects  credit  to  the  skill  of  its  publishers.  Dur- 
ing this  period  of  thirty-seven  years  many  papers  have  been  pub- 
lisiied  in  the  county,  but  not  so  many  in  Lewistown  as  in  other 
places.  Newspaper  enterprises  have  proven  more  successful,  con- 
sequently more  permanent  in  this  city  than  in  most  other  places. 

The  Lewistown  Union,  a  Republican  organ  publi.>«hed  here,  was 
started  by  De  Witt  Bryant  about  1864  or  '65,  and  was  run  till 
about  1871.  This  paper  passed  into  several  liands  during  its  exist- 
ence of  a  half  dozen  years.  Phelps  &  Bryant  became  its  publishers 
for  a  time,  when  Mr.  Bryant  sold  to  G.  A.  Hyde,  and  Hyde  & 
Phelps  conducted  it.  Mr.  Phelps  soon  retired,  selling  out  his  inter- 
est to  his  partner's  father.  The  Union  was  run  by  lather  and  son 
for  a  time,  when  the  son  became  sole  proprietor.  During  the  year 
1871  he  moved  the  material  to  Ipava  and  began  the  publication 
of  the  Fulton  Press. 

No  time  in  the  history  of  the  city  have  the  principles  and  measures 
of  the  Rjpublican  party  had  such  a  strong  and  able  organ  in  Lewis- 
town  as  at  present,  which  it  has  in  The  Neics- Chronicle.  Its  editors, 
Messrs.  Yarnell  &  Ketcham,  fully  realize  the  arduous  duties  and 
responsibilities  resting  upon  them  as  conductors  of  one  of  the  lead- 
ing political  papers  of  the  county.  Not  only  is  The  Neirs- Chronicle 
admired  for  the  fair  and  able  manner  in  which  it  discusses  the  po- 
litical issues  of  the  day,  but  as  a  news  and  literary  journal  it  ranks 
high.  It  is  an  eight-column  folio,  neatly  printed,  and  besides  its 
foreign,  national  and  local  news,  its  literary  clippings  and  produc- 
tions, its  p.'rsonals,  poetry,  editorials,  market  reports  and  miscellany, 
it  contains  a  goodlv  number  of  advertisements,  thus  showing  that  it 
is  ai)preciated  by  the  best  judges  of  the  value  of  a  newspaper, 
advertisers. 

In  1875,  Nov.  13,  George  Yarnell  founded  the  Lewistown  Neics, 
a  five-column  folio.  He  purchased  new  presses  and  office  material 
and  started  a  job  office,  and  issued  the  paper  to  advertise  his  new 
enterprise.  This  little  sheet  was  so  well  received  that  Mr.  Yarnell 
was  encouraged  to  enlarge  it  and  send  it  forth  as  a  regular  publica- 
tion. This  he  did  March  30,  1876,  when  it  was  increased  to  the 
present  size  of  llie  Scics-Chroniclc. 

Mr.  Yarnell  continued  to  publish  the  iVc jr."?,  meeting  with  success, 
until  November  13,  1879,  when  he  was  joined  by  ^^'.  L.  Ketcham, 
and  The  Xcn-s- Chronicle  issued.  Mr.  Ketcham  was  formerly  editor 
of  the  Vermont  Chronicle,  and  the  News  and  Chronicle  were  com- 
bined, and  botii  gentlemen  unite  their  forces  in  the  publication  of 
The  News- Chronicle. 

The  paper  is  established  upon  a  paying  basis,  and  its  future  seems 
bright.  The  influence  it  will  wield  in  the  interest  of  the  Republi- 
can party  in  this  part  of  the  county  will  be  l'elt,and  we  feel  assured 
that  it  will  be  appreciated  by  the  members  of  that  great  organiza- 
tion.    Its  subscription  price  is  only  §1.50  per  year. 

There  is  one   feature  of  The  News- Chronicle  worthy  of  note,  in 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  999 

this  coinection.  While  its  readers  enjoy  the  benefits  of  the 
"  p.t  nL  outside,"  yet  the  great  mass  of  foreign  advertisements  that 
usually  disfigure  "patent  sides"  are  dispensed  with.  Messrs.  Yar- 
nell  &  Ketcham  have  speeial  arrangements  with  the  publishers  of 
these  whereby  tliey  get  only  choice  literary  selections  and  general 
news,  which  are  selected  and  compiled  by  experts. 

Geo.  Yarnell,  senior  editor  of  Tke  News- Chronicle,  publsshed  at 
Lcwistown,  is  a  n;itive  of  Fayette  county,  Pa.,  where  he  was  born 
Djc.  27,  I80O.  His  father,  Ellis  Yarnell,  was  born  in  Pennsyl- 
vania, and  was  a  farmer  through  life;  he  married  Miss  Hannah  C. 
Taylor,  of  Pennsylvania;  of  their  8  children  George  was  the  eldest 
but  one ;  he  was  but  2  years  of  age  when  his  parents  settled  in 
Licking  Co.,  O. ;  at  17  he  went  to  Putnam,  O.,  where  in  the  office 
of  the  Western  Recorder  he  learned  the  printer's  trade.  At  the  end 
of  2  years,  on  account  of  ill-health,  he  went  to  Missouri,  where  he 
rapidly  recovered,  and  entered  the  office  of  the  I/iberty  Tribune, 
published  at  Liberty,  Mo.,  and  there  gained  a  large  practical  experi- 
ence; afterward  he  became  employed  at  Ijcxington  and  St.  Louis; 
returning  to  Ohio  he  remained  until  1854,  when  the  California  min- 
ing excitement  was  at  its  height.  He  crossed  the  plains  with  Rus- 
sell, Waddell  &  Co.,  and  after  a  w'earisome  trip  of  4  months  he 
landed  at  Mirysville.  Near  Diamond  Spring  he  began  life  as  a 
miner;  remained  in  California  9  years;  was  also  editor  of  the 
Placerville  Daily  Neujs.  He  then  returned  to  this  county,  where, 
near  Lewistown,  he  bought  farm  property  and  followed  agricultural 
life  until  18G9,  when  he  again  went  to  Calitbrnia,  stopping  at  Los 
Angeles,  where  in  connection  with  a  younger  brother  he  established 
the  L')s  Angeles  Daily  Erpress,  which  hid  a  very  good  circulation. 
In  1871  Mr.  Yarnell  permanently  settled  in  Fulton  county  and  fol- 
lowed farming  until  1875,  when  he  began  the  issue  of  the  Weekly 
Neivs. 

Mr.  Yarnell  is  a  man  of  a  family.  In  18G4  he  was  united  in 
marriage  with  Miss  llosa  Ann  Felkel,  a  daughter  of  John  Felkel, 
of  Lewistown  township.  They  have  4  children, — John  E.,  Mary 
M.,  Sarah  A.  and  Jennie. 

ir.  L.  Ketchfim,  the  literary  man  of  the  Xeios-Chronicle,  is  a  young 
gentleman  of  business  ability  and  a  writer  of  no  mean  reputation. 
During  the  early  part  of  the  present  year  (1879)  he  moved  from 
Havana,  Mason  county,  his  former  residence,  and  where  he  had 
conducted  a  piper,  to  Vermont,  and  assumed  the  management  of  the 
Vermont  Chronicle,  formerly  and  at  present  owned  by  George  L. 
Duroll.  He  conducted  this  paper  tor  a  few  months,  when  he 
formed  a  co-pirtnership  with  Mr.  Yarnell,  combining  the  Chronicle 
with  the  Lcwistown  A'jws.  Mr.  Ketcham  is  an  ingenious,  practical 
printer,  thoroughly  understands  the  art  and  executes  some  very  fine 
job  work. 


1000  HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY. 


VERMONT   CHRONICLE. 


The  advanoc  guard  of  civilizitioii  who  first  settled  in  this  county 
had   no  daily    papers,  and  even  weeklies  were  like   "angel's  visits, 
few   and  far  between,"  for  mails  were  irregular  and   infrequent,  be- 
ino"  carried   on  horseback,  and  sometimes  not  carried  at  all.     The 
early  pilgrims  who  located  at  Vermont  had  their   mails   carried  to 
them  from  Bernadotte,  one  of  tlie  principal  points  of  the  county  at 
that  time.     Some  of  the  men,  who  are  now  white-headed   veterans, 
were   young   men  full  of  life  and  vigor  then,  and  thought   nothing 
of  making   long  journeys  alone  through  an   unsettled  country.     It 
was   by  the  bravery  and  toil  of  these  men  that  Vermont  received  a 
few  copies  of  some  religious  journal  or  Eastern  paper.     For  a  dec- 
ade,  however,  her  people  have  been  supplied  witii  their  own  local 
paper  from  their  own  presses.     After  the  completion  of  the  C,  B.  & 
Q.  Railroad  a  season  of  great  business  prosperity  was  enjoyed  by 
Vermont.      Mercantile   business   was   never  so  great;  building  of 
both   store-houses   and  dwellings  went  rapidly  on,  and  all   kinds  of 
mechanical  labor   were   employed    in   the  growing  town.     Besides 
these  aids  a  new  road  was  being  constructed,  the  R.,  R-I.  &  St.  L. 
R.   R.     At  this  properous  j)eriod  in  Vermont's  history,   George  L. 
and   Edward  P.    Durell,  two  enterprising  sons  of  one   of  the  early 
and    prominent   settlers,    Wm.   Durell,   started   a   paper.      It    was 
christened  the   Vermont  Chronicle,  and  the  first  number  appeared 
Nov.  27,  1870. 

These  gentlemen  engaged  F.  P.  Hallowell  to  conduct  the  edito- 
rial department  of  the  new  paper.  Mr.  Hallowell  was  a  bright  and 
talented  man  and  made  a  good  editor,  but  at  the  expiration  of  lour 
or  five  months  severed  his  connection  with  it.  At  that  time  George 
,L.  Durell,  the  present  editor  and  proprietor,  purchased  the  interest 
,  of  his  brother.  Col.  E.  P.  Durell,  long  the  p<»i)ular  local  agent  of 
the  C,  B.  &  Q.  R.  R.  Co.,  is  a  writer  of  considerable  talent  and  did 
much  with  his  pen  and  energy  to  establish  the  Chronicle.  He  re- 
cently resigned  his  position  on  the  railroad,  which  is  now  ably  filled 
bv  Edward  R.  Thomas. 

'George  L.  Durell,  upon  the  withdrawal  of  his  brother,  assumed 
editorial  and  business  management  of  the  paper,  and  gave  the  peo- 
ple of  West  Fulton  and  Southeastern  McDonough  an  excellent 
locil  journal.  It  won  warm  esteem  in  the  hearts  of  the  people, 
and  ajirominent  place  in  their  homes.  Its  pathway  was  not  always 
strewn  with  the  sweet  perfumed  rose,  nor  always  lighted  by  the 
cheering  noon-d  ly  sun,  but  its  editor  struggled  on,  with  an  abiding 
faith  in  the  ultimate  success  of  his  pet  enterprise. 

Until  the  earlv  sumaio-r  of  the  present  year  (1879)  he  continued 
faithfully  at  the  helm.  He  then  sold  o'ut  to  W.  L.  Ketcham,  a 
young  m  \n  from  H  ivana.  111.  The  enterprise  did  not  prosper  under 
his  b1-ief  mmagemant  as  he  would  have  it,  and  he  therefore  with- 
drew.    A'-iin  Mr.  Darell  cam3  forward,  rcsumjd  his  former  post 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1001 

and  to-(liy  is  glvlnj^  the  people  of  Vermont  and  vicinity  a  news- 
paper eqnal  to  any  publication  in  the  county. 

Pulitically  the  Chronicle  is  a  jn-onounccd  Republican  paper,  and 
has  wielded  a  healtliful  influence  for  tiie  principles  of  its  jiarty.  The 
editorials  which  aj>pear  in  its  columns  from  week  to  week  ujwn  the 
great  and  im])()rtant  political  questions  of  the  day  are  admired  for 
their  clearness,  force  and  logic.  It  is  what  is  termed  in  this  day, 
when  ]):irty  lines  are  somewhat  loosely  drawn,  a  "stalwart"  })aper, 
being  uncompromisingly  Rej)ublican.  It  is  regarded  as  one  of  the 
most  reliable  ])aj)ers  in  the  county  in  this  respect. 

In  the  local  columns  of  the  Chronicle  appear  all  the  events  of  the 
town  and  vicinity,  as  well  as  of  the  county  which  are  of  any  public 
interest. 

George  L.  Darell,  the  editor  and  proprietor  of  the  Chronicle, 
assumed  the  management  of  the  paper  before  he  was  of  age,  and  is 
one  of  the  few  newspaper  men  who  took  the  editor's  chair  and 
business  control  of  a  pa])er  without  any  ])rnctical  knowledge  of  the 
art.  Notwithstanding  these  disadvantages  he  made  his  enterj)rise 
pay  from  the  first.  Mr.  Durell  is  a  son  of  William  Durell,  one  of 
the  early  pioneers  of  Vermont.  No  man  weilded  a  greater  influ- 
ence in  building  up  Vermont  in  its  infancy  then  Mr.  William 
Durell.  George  L.  was  reared  in  Vermont,  and  there  married 
Miss  Lutie  Stnplelbrd,  a  daughter  of  Edward  yta])lelbrd,  who  was 
largely  indentified  with  the  interests  of  Vermont  before  his  death. 
He  erected  the  large  brick  hotel  structure  on  north  Main  street,  and 
the  brick  dwelling  just  across  the  street,  which  at  the  time  was  the 
finest  one  in  the  town.     He  was  also  a  merchant  of  Vermont. 

THE    FARMINGTON    NEWS. 

Newspaper  business  in  Farmington  has  been  on  a  par  with  the 
same  business  in  other  places.  As  far  back  as  1856  an  attempt  was 
made  to  establish  a  newsj)aper  in  that  town.  In  that  year  the 
Farminr/fon  Journal  made  its  ajipcarance.  It  was  a  seven-column 
paper,  ably  edited  and  neatly  ])rinted.  It  lived  but  one  year.  In 
1805  'The  F(irtni)i(/fon  Times  was  established,  but  lived  only  a  few 
months.  It  was  printed  at  Lewistown  by  E.  EI.  Phelps,  who  was 
at  that  time  publishing  the  Ecwistown  Union.  From  that  time 
until  May,  1874,  Farmington  was  without  a  newspaper.  At  that 
time  J.  D.  Hurd,  a  Peoria  ^irinter,  established  The  Farmington 
News,  which,  at  this  writing  (Nov.,  1879),  is  still  in  existence,  being 
five  and  one-half  vears  old. 

Besides  these  papers,  a  monthly  magazine,  called  the  Poultry 
Record,  was  published  at  Farmington  for  three  years,  1872-74,  by 
C.  W.  Heaton,  but  it  was  afterwards  sold  and  merged  into  the 
American  Poultri/  Joinnal  at  Chicago. 

/.  D.  Hurd,  editor  of  The  Farmington  News,  was  born  in  Wyan- 
dotte Co.,  Ohio,  MiU'ch  19,  1847.  He  learned  the  trade  of  a  printer 
in  the  Gazette  office  at  Lima,  Ohio,  before  he  was  17  years  of  age. 


1002  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Between  17  and  18  years  of  age  he  emigrated  to  this  State,  locating 
at  Urhana,  111.,  where  for  two  years  before  arriving  at  maturity  he 
])ublished  The  Champuic/n  Count y  JourmiJ,  a  Democratic  newspaper. 
In  1 808  he  was  married  to  Miss  Hcrmien  S.  Fluke,  daughter  of  F. 
Fluke,  of  Lima,  Ohio.  During  the  years  he  was  j)ublishing  the 
Journal  at  Urbana,  111.,  he  was  prosecuting  the  study  of  law,  and 
was  admitted  to  practice  in  September,  1808.  Circumstances  pre- 
vented his  beginning  the  practice  at  that  time,  and  he  continued  in 
the  printing  business,  moving  from  Urbana  to  Peoria  in  1871, 
where  he  was  connected  with  the  Daily  Transcript 'untW  his  removal 
to  Farmington  in  May,  1874,  when  he  commenced  the  publication 
of  The  Farmington  News.  In  January,  1877,  while  still  at  the  head 
of  the  News  office,  he  opened  a  law  office,  and  has  since  combined 
the  newspaper  and  law  business.  Mr.  Hurd  fills  the  editor's  chair 
with  no  small  degree  of  ability.  He  has  made  of  the  Neics  a  first- 
class  local  paper,  and  it  takes  rank  among  the  profession  as  such. 
His  practical  knowledge  of  the  "  preservative  art,"  and  talent  as  a 
writer  enable  him  to  publish  a  journal  of  a  high  standard  quite 
easily. 

THE    WEEKLY    TIMES. 

This  paper  first  greeted  its  readers  June  1,  1877,  under  the  name 
of  '*The  Canton  Advertiser."  That  journal  was  founded  by  Horace 
J.  Leigh  and  Gilbert  L.  Miller.  Its  first  issue  was  a  five-column 
folio,  with  a  circulation  of  1,000  copies,  which  was  practically  a  free 
circulation,  the  nominal  sum  of  25  cents  per  year  being  charged  for 
subscription.  After  running  for  five  weeks  its  columns  were  found 
to  be  too  limited  to  satisfy  the  demands  of  irs  patrons,  and  it  was  con- 
sequently enlarged  to  a  seven-column  folio.  At  that  time  its  sub- 
scription price  was  raised  to  one  dollar  per  year.  It  continued  this 
size  for  twenty-seven  weeks  when,  owing  to  its  increase  of  business, 
it  was  again  enlarged  to  its  present  size,  a  five-column  quarto. 

The  Advertiser  was  started  lyid  conducted  as  an  indepedent  journal 
so  far  as  it  concerned  politics  or  religion  for  quite  awhile,  when  its 
editors  were  led  to  believe  that  if  thev  would  brintj  it  out  as  a  Re- 
publican  sheet  its  prosperity  would  be  assured.  At  that  time  it  had 
a  paying  list  of  1,600  subscribers,  having  become  thus  popular 
within  the  short  period  of  one  year,  ^vhich  is  unprecedented  as  far 
as  journalism  in  this  county  is  concerned.  Its  editors  and  publish- 
ers, Leigh  &  Miller,  were  induced  to  step  from  a  non-partisan  to 
the  Republican  platform.  This  step  ])roved  a  disastrous  one,  and 
in  place  of  an  increased  circulation  and  greater  advertising  patron- 
age, the  result  was  the  opposite.  For  seven  weeks  they  saw  its  snbt 
scription  list  diminish  and  with  no  hopes  of  a  reaction.  People 
had  taken  it  because  it  was  not  hampered  or  circumscribed  by  par- 
tisan princi|)les.  It  was  free  to  ap[)huid  or  condemn,  to  advocate  or 
oppose,   to  build  up  or  tear  down  any  measure  they   believed  beni- 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1003 

ficial  and  just,  or  injurious  or  wrong.  It  remained  an  advocate  of 
party  principles  and  measures  for  only  seven  weeks,  when  it  again 
hung  out  its  old  motto  of"  independence. 

Sept.  0,  1871),  Chas.  W.  Kent  purchased  Mr.  Miller's  interests  in 
the  Adoerfi-<cr  and  became  a  partner  of  Mr.  Leigh.  They  immedi- 
ately changed  the  name  of  the  paper  to  The  Wccklt/  Times,  and 
brought  it  out  in  a  new  dress.  It' is  now  equal  in  appearance  to 
any  journal  published  in  Central  Illinois.  As  to  its  editorial  man- 
agement, the  large  circulation  it  enjoys  and  its  popularity  fully  at- 
test. The  Times  is  independent,  and  intends  to  remain  so.  Its 
editors  believe  it  can  exert  a  greater  influence  for  the  public  weal 
uiuler  that  banner  than  it  can  under  any  other.  They  will  not  be 
influenced  by  party  or  sect.  They  advocate  such  measures,  nation- 
al, municipal,  religious  and  social,  as  will  best  subserve  the  interest 
of  the  mass  of  the  community  regardless  of  any  party,  clique  or  in- 
dividual. As  such  a  journal  it  deserves,  as  it  has,  the  patronage  of 
all  classes. 

Horace  G.  Leigh,  of  the  firm  of  Leigh  &  Kent,  editors  and  pro- 
prietors of  The  Weeklif  Times,  was  born  in  Hunterdon  Co.,  N. 
J.,  in  1852,  and  brought  to  this  county  in  1854  by  his  parents, 
Ichabod  and  Caroline  (Bryant)  Leigh,  who  followed  farming.  Mr. 
Ichabod  Leigh  enlisted  in  the  8()th  111.  Vol.  Inf.  in  18G4,  and  was 
killed  at  the  battle  of  Franklin,  Tenn,,  leaving  a  widow  and  6 
children,  of  whom  Horace  G.  was  the  eldest.  Although  the  family 
was  greatly  dei)endent  on  him,  he  obtained  a  good  education,  attend- 
ing rhe  Canton  high  school  nearly  two  years.  At  the  age  of  18  he 
entered  the  Canton  Ledger  office,  learned  the  printing  business,  and 
in  four  years  was  made  foreman,  which  position  he  held  i'or  three 
years.  He  then  resigned  that  position  to  establish,  in  partnership 
with  Mr.  Miller,  the  Advertiser.  In  Dec,  1878,  Leigh  &  Miller 
purchased  the  i)rinting  office  of  the  Ij)ava  Phoenix,  changed  its 
name  to  the  Ipava  Independent,  and  trebled  its  circulation  in  a  few 
weeks.  Then  they  sold  it  to  A.  H.  McKeighan,  the  present  pro- 
prietor. Mr.  Leigh  married  Miss  Catherine  E.  Brant,  at  Canton, 
Feb.  23,  1875,  daughter  of  Rev.  Geo.  C.  Brant,  and  they  have 
two  children, — Edith  Louise  and  Charles  Toland. 

Chds.  W.  Kent,  of  the  firm  of  Leigh  &  Kent,  publishers  and  edi- 
tors of  The  Weekly  Times,  was  born  in  Richland  Co.,  111.,  May  1, 
1848.  He  is  the  son  of  John  G.  and  Margaret  H.  (Gardiner) 
Kent.  His  father  was  a  native  of  the  Buckeye  State  and  died  at 
Cuba  in  18G2.  His  mother  is  living  in  Canton.  They  came  to 
Fulton  county  in  1855,  and  settled  at  Cuba,  where  John  G.  Kent 
kept  a  hotel  until  his  demise.  Chas.  W.  received  a  good  education 
and  early  in  life  began  battling  for  himself.  At  the  death  of  his 
ftither  his  mother  gave  him  his  liberty  to  go  and  do  as  he  pleased, 
and  only  asked  of  him  one  thing:  that  was  "to  make  what  he  did 
make,  honestly."  He  engaged  to  work  on  a  farm  for  a  time,  and  in 
1863  entered  the  Fulton  County  Ledger  office  as  an  apprentice,  and 


1004  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

worked  there  until  the  folUjwino:  year,  when  he  enlisted  in  Co.  D, 
137th  111.  Inf.,  and  went  to  the  front.  He  was  taken  .sick  at  Mem- 
phis in  July,  and  lay  in  the  hosi)ital  the  rest  of  his  term,  often  at 
the  point  of  death.  He  r^'turned  home  and  when  the  151st  regt. 
was  mide  up  he  again  enlisted,  this  time  in  Co.  B.  of  that  regt. 
!Mr.  Kent  was  united  in  marriage  Aug.  2G,  1869,  to  Mrs.  Marv  L. 
(Eastwood)  Rriekle.  They  hvLW  3  children :  Leon  U.  E.,  Henry 
Elmer  and  Lillie  May. 

Mr.  K.  conducted  the  Family  Favorite  in  Columbia,  Tenn.,  for 
a  time,  and  has  been  actively  engaged  more  or  less  in  the  printing 
business  for  many  years. 

THE   STREAM    OF   LIGHT. 

The  Stream  of  Light,  one  of  the  latest  additions  to  the  newspapers 
of  the  0(Hinty,  has  rapidly  gained  a  foothold  and  takes  rank  with  the 
older  and  more  widelv  known  journals  of  the  county.  It  is  a 
seven-column  folio  and  filled  with  local  and  general  news,  discus- 
sions upon  the  political,  financial  and  social  issues  of  the  country 
thnt  agitate  the  public  mind,  and  a  general  misceUany  of  excellent 
and  instructive  reading  matter. 

This  paper,  or  rather  the  material  of  the  office,  was  moved  from 
Lewistown,  where  it  had  been  used  in  the -office  of  the  Lewistown 
Union.  G.  A.  Hyde  moved  the  office  to  Ipava  in  1.S74,  and  started 
the  Fulton  Press.  This  paper  soon  fell  into  the  hands  of  a  Mr. 
Flake,  since  deceased,  who  changed  its  name  to  the  Fulton  Phoenix 
and  conducted  it  for  a  time  in  that  village,  when  he  moved  it  to  the 
enterprising  and  growing  town  of  Astoria.  Owing  to  Mr.  Flake's 
failing  health  the  enterprise  proved  unsuccessful  under  his  manage- 
ment, and  in  1877  it  was  ])urchased  by  Leigh  &  iNIiller,  who  subse- 
quently started  the  Canton  Advertiser,  the  former  of  whom  is 
senior  editor  of  The  Weekly  Times.  ISIr.  Flake  was  an  excellent 
writer.  His  editorials  were  able,  and  his  locals  characterized  by  a 
rich  vein  of  humor  which  ])ervadcd  almost  all  of  them. 

Messrs.  Leigh  &:  Miller  returned  the  office  to  Ipava,  and  changed 
the  name  from  the  Fulton  Phoenix  to  Ipava  Independent.  These  gen- 
tlemen conducted  the  paper  for  a  period  of  two  months,  when  they 
sold  the  entire  establishment  to  Mr.  A.  H.  McKeighan.  This  gen- 
tleman inimediately  changed  its  name  to  The  Sfreain  of  Light,  and 
has  continuetl  as  both  editor  and  proj)rictor  since. 

Mr.  McKeighan  has  been  one  of  the  leading  advocates  for  the 
measures  and  principles  of  the  Greenback  party,  and  no  man 
throughout  Central  Illinois  has  been  more  zealous  in  support  of 
his  party  principles,  and  exerted  a  more  ])otent  influence  than  Mr. 
^IcKeighan.  Since  he  assummed  editorial  management  of  this 
journal  he  has  made  of  it  an  organ  of  the  Greenback  party.  The 
editorials  which  weekly  appear  in  the  columns  of  the  Light  are 
able  and  prove  him  to  be  fully  posted  upon  the  great  and  important 
financial  questions  of  the  day. 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1005 

The  Stream  of  Light  is  evidenty  appreciated  as  a  local  newspaper, 
judging  from  the  fair  patronage  it  h|s  received  both  from  ad- 
vertisers and  subscribers.  It  has  a  good  circulation  for  a  country 
paper  and  it  is  constantly  increasing. 

^1.  H.  McK(i(j/ian,  editor  and  proprietor  of  The  Stream  of  Light, 
was  born  in  New  Jersey,  August  13,  1835.  He  was  reared  upon 
a  farm  and  passed  his  life  in  agricultural  pursuits  and  teaching 
school  until  he  assumed  the  duties  of  the  editor's  chair,  Feb,  21, 
1879.  He  has  taught  school  for  about  twenty,  winters,  always 
meeting  with  marked  success.  He  came  to  the  State  in  1849 
with  his  father,  who  settled  in  this  county ;  was  married  Dec.  30, 
1858,  to  Sarah  Berry,  a  native  of  Indiana,  and  was  born  in  1846. 
Thev  have  had  a  flimily  of  9  children  born  to  them,  only  3  of  whom 
are  living.  Mr.  McK.  possesses  considerable  ability  both  as  an 
editor  and  a  public  speaker ;  is  a  man  of  great  influence  where  he 
is  known,  and  is  endowed  with  remarkable  energy  and  perseverance. 

AVON,  SENTINEL, 

The  first  number  of  this  spicy  little  sheet  was  issued  March  6, 
1879.  It  is  well  edited,  and  Mr.  H.  J.  Herbertz,  its  editor,  is  con- 
fident of  success  in  his  worthy  undertaking.  He  has  asked  no 
favors  in  the  way  of  donations  to  establish  his  little  paper,  and  con- 
secpiently  the  jjcople  aj)preciate  his  services  more.  No  doubt  a 
happy  future  awaits  this  plucky  and  enterprising  gentleman,  and  if 
he  only  sticks  to  the  Sentinel  for  a  few  years,  it  will  become  firmly 
established  as  a  home  journal. 

Herman  J.  llcrheiiz,  editor  of  the  Avon  Sentinel,  was  born  in 
Keithsburg,  Mercer  Co.,  111.,  June  10,  1857,  and  is  the  son  of  Wm. 
and  Margaret  Herbertz.  The  former  served  in  the  Mexican  war. 
In  1858,  when  but  an  infant,  the  parents  of  Herman  removed  with 
him  to  Ocpiawka,  111.,  where,  in  the  union  schools,  he  received  his 
education.  In  1873  he  removed  with  his  parents  to  Monmouth, 
111.;  thence  back  to  0(piawka  in  1870;  and  early  in  the  year  1879 
he  came  to  this  county,  and  on  March  6,  issued  the  first  number  of 
the  Avon  Sentinel,  which  is  a  spicy  and  well  edited  sheet,  and  bids 
fair  for  future  success.  Mr.  H.  is  under  obligations  to  no  one  for 
the  estal>lishment  of  his  paptT,  as  he  asked  no  one  for  assistance,  but 
started  it  with  his  own  means.  The  pcoj)le  appreciate  his  enterprise 
by  amply  supporting  the  paper.     In  })olitics  the  Sentinel  is  neutral. 


59 


CHAPTER   XIX. 

RAILROADS. 
CHICAGO,  BURLINGTON  &  QUINCY  RAILROAD. — RUSHVILLE  BRANCH. 

The  Jacksonville  &  Savanna  Railroad  was  chartered  by  the  Leg- 
islature in  1855.  It  was  intended  to  run  from  Jacksonville  to 
Savanna,  Carroll  county,  passing  through  Liverpool,  Canton  Far- 
mington  and  Yates  City.  A  great  deal  of  work  Mas  done  on  this 
line  between  Canton  and  Liverpool.  That  part  of  the  branch  of 
the  C,  B.  &  Q.  road  2|  miles  south  of  Canton  to  Farmington  was 
graded,  tied  and  bridged  as  the  Jacksonville  &  Savanna  Railroad. 
That  portion  of  this  road  from  near  Canton  to  Rushville  was  char- 
tered and  surveyed  as  the  Peoria  ct  Hannibal  Railroad.  We  find  in 
the  first  number  of  the  Lewistown  Democrat  a  call  for  a  meeting  to 
be  held  at  Lewistown  Thursday,  June  19,  1855,  for  the  purpose  of 
interesting  the  people  in  behalf  of  this  road.  Meetings  were  also 
held  at  Farmington  and  Canton.  Canton  was  not  a  point  named 
in  the  charter  of  the  Peoria  &  Hannibal  road,  but  it  was  talked  of 
running  the  road  two  or  three  miles  south  of  Canton.  The  Peoria 
&  Hannibal  road  was  graded  from  Hollis,  Peoria  Co.,  to  the  south- 
ern line  of  that  county,  and  some  work  was  done  at  F^tica,  in  this 
county.  The  labor  was  done  on  the  Jacksonville  &  Savanna  road 
by  local  subscription,  but  when  the  panic  of  1857  came  upon  the 
country  all  M-ork  on  both  lines  ceased. 

In  i861  Mr.  James  H.  Stip]),  President  and  General  Agent  of 
the  Jacksonville  t^'  Savanna  RaihH)ad,  and  Judge  Henry  L.  Bryant, 
President  and  General  Agent  of  the  Peoria  ct  Hannibal  Road,  en- 
tered into  contract  with  James  F.  Joy  and  Capt.  E.  B.  Ward,  of 
Detroit,  selling  to  them,  or  rather  giving  them  a  ])erpetual  lease  of 
that  part  of  both  roads  upon  which  work  had  been  done.  These 
gentlemen  represented  the  ('.,  B.  t\:  Q.  R.  R.  Co.,  and  therefore  at 
that  time  the  road  was  virtually  sold  to  or  placed  in  the  hands  of 
the  C,  B.  &  Q.  Co.  The  contract  that  Messrs.  Stipp  and  Bry- 
ant entered  into  with  these  men  was  that  they  were  to  complete  the 
road  and  put  it  in  running  order.  It  became  evident  to  Messrs. 
Stipp  and  Bryant  and  the  Directors  of  the  two  companies  that  they 
could  not  build  it,  and  being  very  desirous  of  a  road,  such  a  con- 
tract was  made.  The  C,  B.  c^-  Q!  Co.  did  the  work  according  to 
contract,  and  in  June,  1862,  the  road  was  completed  to  Lewistown 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON   COUNTY.  1007 

which  was  as  far  south  as  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  Company  agreed  to  con- 
struct it;  but  in  18G9  it  was  completed  to  Rushville. 

Fulton  county  issued  bonds  for  the  construction  of  the  Jackson- 
ville &  Savanna  Railroad  to  the  amount  of  $100,000,  and  for  the 
Peoria  c*c  Hannibal  road  8200,000.  All  these  bonds  were  sold, 
and  of  the  §.'500,000  issued  all  are  redeemed  except  $75,000.  A 
portion  of  the  bonds  issued  to  the  J.  &  S.  were  used  to  buy  iron, 
and  the  rails  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  Railroad  from  Farmington  to 
Lewistown  were  purchased  by  Fulton  county  bonds.  The  entire 
grading,  tying,  bridging  and  ironing  was  given  to  the  C,  B.  &  Q. 
Railroad  on  condition  that  they  would  build  it. 

Frank  Farwell,  of  Liverpool,  now  of  Kansas,  and  Col.  A.  C. 
Babcock  of  Canton,  under  the  firm  name  of  Farwell  &  Babcock, 
were  contractors  to  bridge,  grade  and  tie  the  J.  &  S.  road  from 
Liverpool  to  Yates  City.  To  these  parties,  for  the  work  done,  the 
C.,  B.  &  Q.  paid  $10,000,  and  a  few  hundred  dollars  to  other  par- 
ties, which  was  all  this  Road  ever  paid  for  the  vast  amount  of  work 
done  upon  this  route.  There  were  collected  on  local  subscriptions 
in  this  countv  for  the  original  roads  $200,000,  as  folloM's :  Farm- 
ington, $40,1)00;  Canton,  $100,000;  Lewistown,  $60,000,  and 
Liverpool,  S20,000. 

The  railroad  track  first  reached  Canton  on  Friday,  May  2,  1862. 
This  was  a  gala  day  for  Canton.  On  that  date  the  first  goods  that 
ever  entered  Canton  by  rail  were  received;  they  were  consigned  to 
Holmes  tt  Peck,  merchants.  The  Directors  of  the  J.  &  S.  Road 
were  Thompson  Maj)le,  Israel  S.  Piper,  Jason  M.  Bass,  A.  C. 
Babcock,  and  W.  A.  Dickerman,  all  of  Canton,  and  A.  M.  Field, 
of  Farmington;  James  H.  Stipp,  President;  W.  A.  Dickerman, 
Vice-President,  and  I.  S.  Piper,  Secretary. 

In  1868  ground  was  broken  at  Lewistown  for  the  extension  of 
the  C,  B.  &  Q.  road  to  Rushville.  The  work  was  pushed  rapidly 
forward  during  the  summer  of  1869,  and  brought  to  comj)lcti(>n. 
This  gave  a  new  impetus  to  the  towns  of  Vermont  and  Ipava,  the 
two  principal  points  on  this  road  southwest  of  Lewistown.  The 
depot  buildings  erected  by  the  com])any  at  the  various  towns  along 
this  route  are  all  good,  substantial  buildings,  creditable  alike  to  the 
people  of  the  towns  and  to  the  liailroad  Companv. 

Sad  Accidoif. — From  the  day  the  first  locomotive  engineer  stepped 
into  the  cabin  of  his  engine,  opened  the  throttle  and  whirled  over 
the  prairies  and  woodland,  until  the  jiresent  day,  heroic  acts  of  self- 
sacrifice  have  been  ]>crr()rm('d  by  this  faithful  and  trusted  class.  The 
engineer  is  always  the  first  one  uimn  the  train  who  sees  the  danger 
ahead,  and  in  almost  every  instance  might  escape,  with  but  slight 
injuries  at  most;  yet  how'  few  are  there  who  desert  their  post  until 
they  have  done  all  in  their  power  to  avert  the  crash  and  save  the 
lives  of  those-who  have  entrusted  themselves  in  their  care!  Then, 
as  it  often  proves,  it  is  too  late  to  save  their  own  lives.  When  we 
hear  of  a  sad  railroad  accident,  the  collision  of  trains,  the  wreck  of 


1008  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

coaches,  the  loss  of  life,  we  ask,  "  Did  the  engineer  escape  ?"  and 
almost  invariably  are  told,  "No;  he  was  killed." 

Locomotive  engineers  as  a  class  have  ever  proven  their  fidelity  to 
the  precious  charges  entrusted  to  them,  often  by  giving  their  lives  ; 
but  never  in  the  history  of  railroad  accidents  did  an  engineer  prove 
his  heroism,  his  devotion  to  his  trust  and  ingenuity  more  than  did 
Engineer  Chislon  of  the  C,  B.  &  (^.  It  was  during  the  autumn 
(of  1870,  we  believe)  when  the  Fulton  County  Fair  was  in  progress 
at  Canton,  that  brave  Chislon  laid  down  his  life  that  others  might 
live.  Hundreds  of  passengers  from  Lewistown,  Ipava  and  Vermont, 
had  taken  advantage  of  the  cheap  rates  and  visited  the  fair.  This 
was  one  of  the  most  successful  seasons  during  the  prosperous  period 
of  that  Association,  and  thousands  were  in  attendance  from  all  points 
of  the  countv  and  Central  Illinois.  Evening;  arrived  and  the  coaches 
on  the  southern  bound  train  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  were  packed  with 
human  freight.  All  was  ready,  the  bell  rang,  and  Engineer  Chislon, 
fully  appreciating  the  great  responsibility,  pulled  the  long  train 
slowly  from  the  depot,  lest  some  of  his  passengers  would  be  injured. 
On,  past  the  fair  grounds  the  train  moved,  steadily  gaining  in 
motion.  Soon  the  careful  engineer  had  the  train  under  great 
headway.  Every  one  was  joyt)us  and  the  laugh  and  jest  arose  upon 
the  pleasant  autumn  air,  even  above  the  clatter  of  the  train.  Upon 
rounding  a  curve  what  should  meet  the  eyes  of  the  faithful  engineer, 
who  had  looked  steadily  ahead  with  his  hand  on  the  throttle,  upon 
this,  his  ride  into  eternitv?  On  came  a  heavv  frcio-ht  train  at  e:reat 
speed.  Both  trains  were  within  a  few  hundred  feet  of  each  other 
before  the  danger  was  discovred.  A  collision  could  not  be  avoided, 
for  it  took  but  a  moment  for  the  engines  to  come  together,  yet 
the  work  of  saving  hundreds  of  lives  was  performed  in  a  twinkling. 
The  brave  and  thoughtful  Chilson  adopted  the  only  jiossible  plan  to 
save  his  cargo  of  human  beings  and  executed  it  instanter.  He  ordered 
his  fireman  to  detach  the  engine  from  the  coaches  and  then  jump  for 
his  life.  Both  duties  were  performed  with  great  celerity.  Then 
Chislon,  fearless  of  death,  opened  the  throttle  wide  and  with  his 
engine  dashed  ahead  to  meet  the  oncoming  train,  that  it  might  be 
checked  and  thus  prevent  it  from  wrecking  his  coaches.  The  crash 
of  the  engines  as  they  shattered  each  other  was  the  first  intimation 
the  ]iassengers  had  of  the  imminent  danger  they  were  in. 

^^'hen  the  steam  and  smoke  of  the  wrecked  engines  cleared  away 
the  remains  of  engineer  Chislon  were  found,  and  with  grateful 
hands  tenderly  carried  away  and  cared  for.  He  had  saved  the  pas- 
sengers of  his  train,  but  it  cost  him  his  life.  It  is  supposed  that  ere 
he  had  performed  every  service  that  he  could  toward  saving  his  train 
the  engines  collided  and  he  was  ushered  into  eternity. 

The  engineer  and  fireman  of  the  freight  train  escaped  by  jump- 
ing from  their  engine.  Mr.  Chislon  left  a  widow  and  a  small 
family  of  children  to  mourn  his  loss,  besides  thousands  of  grateful 
friends.     May  the  memory  of  this  illustrious  hero  never  be  forgot- 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  1009 

ten,  for  no  man  ever  did  more  to  save  the  lives  of  hundreds  of  the 
citizens  of  this  county  than  he,  and  none  ever  performed  a  greater 
service  more  heroically  and  at  a  greater  cost. 

C,  B.  &  Q.  R.  R. — QUINCY    BRANCH. 

The  main  line  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  which  runs  from  Galcsburg  to 
Quiucy,  enters  tiiis  county  at  section  5,  Union  townshij),  and  makes 
its  exit  at  section  30  near  the  town  of  Avon,  which  is  on  this  road. 
This  branch  of  the  road  was  built  as  the  Northern  Cross  Rail- 
road. The  enterprise  was  agitated  as  early  as  1851,  and  by  1856 
the  road  was  built.  Connections  wore  made  with  the  Central  Mili- 
tary Tract  Railroad  for  Chicago.  Shortly  afterward  these  two  roads, 
with  the  Peoria  &  Oquawka,  fell  into  the  hands  of  the  Chicago, 
Burlington  &  Quincy  Railroad  Company.  This  is  one  of  the  chief 
railroad  lines  in  the  United  States. 

C,  B.  &  Q.  R,  R. — ST.  I.OUIS   DIVISION. 

This  road  was  built  in  1870  as  the  Rockford,  Rock-Island  &  St. 
Louis  Railroa<l.  It  is  well  known  that  contests  by  different  towns 
for  railroads  have  often  been  protracted  and  severe ;  especially  was 
this  so  in  earlier  days,  but  there  never  was  perhaps  a  greater  contest 
between  rival  towns  for  a  line  of  railroad  than  there  was  for  the  R., 
R-I.  &  St.  L.  R.  R.  Many  years  prior  to  the  construction  of  this 
road  the  company  obtained  a  charter  and  much  work  was  done  on 
the  line  from  Beardstown,  passing  through  Rushville  to  Macomb. 
For  years  the  work  was  abandoned,  and  unid  1860  tiio  enterj)rise 
was  not  revived.  At  that  time  the  citizens  of  Rushville  and  Ma- 
comb became  greatly  interested  in  tiie  road  and  desired  it  completed. 
Great  interest  was  manifested  all  along  that  route,  which  subse- 
quently was  known  as  the  Macomb  and  Rushville  route.  During 
the  summer  and  autumn  of  1869  tiie  citizens  of  Astoria,  Vermont 
and  Table  Grove  became  desirous  of  a  railroad;  and  as  much  par- 
leying was  done  by  the  leading  men  on  the  Macomb  and  Rushville 
route,  a  proposition  was  made  by  some  of  the  leading  and  enter- 
prising citizens  of  the  eastern  route,  principally  of  Astoria,  to  the 
officials  of  the  R.,  R-I.  &  St.  L.  R.  R.  for  the  construction  of  this 
road  from  Beardstown  through  Browning,  Frederick,  Astoria,  Ver- 
mont and  Table  Grove  to  Bushnell.  The  citizens  through  this 
county  and  at  Bushnell  took  great  interest  in  the  enterj)rise  and 
])ushed  their  claim  with  the  greatest  energy.  The  contest  between 
Rushville,  Industry  and  ^lacoml)  and  Astoria,  Vermont,  Table 
Grove  and  Bushnell,  ])roved  a  fierce  one  in  the  extreme ;  but  the 
men  of  Fulton  county  along  the  latter  route  proved  to  be  the 
sharper,  shrewder  business  men  and  out-gencraled  the  leadinglights 
of  Macomb  and  Rushville.     It  was  decided  bv  the  companv  as  the 

•  1  » 

more  favorable  route  and  the  one  which  would  prove  the  most  re- 
munerative, to  accept  the  offer  made  by  the  citizens  of  West  Fulton 


1010  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

countv.  Work  was  conimenccfl  on  the  line  in  December,  and  by 
June  1,  hSTU,  ears  passed  over  the  road.  The  proposition  was  re- 
ceived from  the  officials  of  this  road  in  November,  1869,  that  if 
they  would  raise  §300,000  from  Frederick  to  Bushnell,  the  road 
would  be  built  through  Fulton  county  instead  of  through  Mc- 
Donough  and  Schuyler  counties.  This  amount  was  readily  voted. 
Astoria  township  led  the  van  with  SoO,000.  The  town  of  Astoria, 
which  at  that  time  was  not  so  large  by  500  population  as  it  is  to-day, 
gave  S'10,000;  Woodland  township,  which  the  road  does  not  touch, 
gave  §15,000;  Vermont  §24,000;  Eldorado  township,  McDonough 
countv,  SG,000;  and  Farmers'  township  §35,000.  Of  the  very 
large  subscription  made  by  Astoria  township,  it  not  only  has  paid 
its  interest  promptly  but  has  reduced  the  principal  $15,000.  The  en- 
terprising town  of  Astoria  has  liquidated  one-half  the  amount  sub- 
scribed, and  the  interest  on  all  of  it  has  ever  been  paid  with  prompt- 
ness. 

This  road  seemed  to  prosper  for  a  time,  but  on  account  of  the 
vast  amount  of  money  expended  in  its  construction  and  the  mis- 
management of  the  road  afterwards,  it  proved  to  be  a  very  unprofit- 
able investment  to  the  stockholders.  The  rolling  stock,  which  at 
first  was  all  new,  without  repair  or  attention  soon  got  into  bad  con- 
dition ;  the  road-bed  was  neglected,  and  the  entire  line  came  into 
disrepute.  In  1876,  however,  the  C.,  B.  &  Q.  R.  R.  Co.  purchased 
it  and  gave  it  the  name  of  the  St.  Louis  Division  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q. 
R.  R.  The  road-bed  was  immediately  put  in  repair,  new  rolling 
stock  provided,  and  to-day  it  is  one  of  the  best  roads  in  the  State  of 
Illinois. 

TOLEDO,  PEORIA  &  WARSAW  RAILWAY. 

This  railway  crosses  the  county  in  a  line  almost  directly  east 
and  west,  and  is  the  principal  railroad  of  Fulton  county.  It  seems 
more  especially  identified  with  the  interests  of  this  county  than  any 
other  road,  and  the  people  along  the  route  take  a  commendable  local 
pride  in  its  welfare.  The  T.,  P.  tt  W.  is  one  of  the  principal  ar- 
teries by  which  the  produce  of  the  Northwest  is  transported  to  the 
seaboard.  It  is  the  most  direct  route  for  the  people  of  Fulton 
countv  to  reach  the  thriving  and  growing  city  of  Peoria.  Not  only 
is  it  the  best  route  to  that  city,  but  it  is  the  cheajiest  and  quickest 
route  to  Chicago.  It  connects  with  the  famous  old  Illinois  Central 
at  Gilraan,  and  the  T.  P.  &  W.  coaches  are  whirled  on  into  the 
Garden  City  without  change  or  delay.  This  is  also  by  far  the  best 
route  to  Burlington  and  Keokuk  and  the  West.  A  branch  leaves 
La  Harpe  from  the  Warsaw  line  for  these  cities,  and  one  goes 
through  in  much  less  time  and  at  cheaper  rates  than  by  any  other 
available  road.  At  one  time,  like  most  newly  builded  roads,  it  fell 
into  disrepute ;  but  under  its  present  management  it  has  taken  rank 
wiih  the  largest  roads  of  the  country.  Its  road-bed  is  level,  well 
ironed   and   smooth,   and   its  rolling  stock,  both   freight  cars  and 


H 

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o 

HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  lOlo 

coaches,  is  equal  to  that  run   by  the  oldest  and   most  prosperous  of 
roads. 

The  T.,  P.  &  W.  Ry.  Co.  is  a  consolidation  of  the  Toledo,  Peoria 
&  Warsaw  Railway  Company  and  the  Mississippi  &  Wabasli  Rail- 
road Company,  the  former  of  which  was  incorporated  Feb.  14,  1863, 
and  the  latter  Feb.  1(3,  1863.  These  two  companies  were  consolid- 
ated Dec.  1,  1865,  and  the  entire  road  between  the  State  line  and 
Warsaw  was  put  in  operation  Oct.  14,  1868,  The  Burlington 
branch,  from  La  Harpe  to  Burlington,  was  opened  in  November, 
1871. 

The  first  work  on  the  T.,  P.  &  W.  through  this  county  was  done 
by  the  M.  &  W.  R.  R.  This  road  passed  through  Canton  and 
Cuba,  its  western  terminus  at  Carthago.  Some  work  was  done  be- 
tween Cuba  and  Spoon  river;  from  Bushnell  west  to  Carthage 
much  work  was  done  under  the  management  of  this  company. 
From  Carthage  to  Warsaw  the  road  was  completed  and  put  in  oper- 
ation. After  the  charter  was  obtained,  a  special  act  of  the  Legis- 
lature was  passed  dividing  the  road  in  this  State  into  the  Eastern, 
Western  and  Central  Divisions,  for  its  construction  and  management. 
Peoria  was  not  a  point  on  tliis  road  at  that  time;  it  crossed  the  Illi- 
nois river  at  Pekin.  From  Pekin  east  it  was  known  as  the  Eastern 
Division,  from  Pekin  to  Bushnell  as  the  Central,  and  from  Bush- 
nell to  Warsaw  as  the  Western.  Each  division  was  a  sort  of  inde- 
pendent organization.  Thompson  Maple,  of  Canton,  and  a  Mr. 
Buell,  had  a  contract  for  the  construction  of  the  Central  Division  of 
the  road,  or  that  part  between  Pekin  and  Bushnell,  and  Mr.  Sample, 
of  Keokuk,  built  the  Western  Division. 

The  total  length  of  the  road  is  238  miles;  sidings,  etc.,  29  miles. 
Of  this  number  34  miles  are  in  Fulton  county. 

Connections: — At  State  Line  with  P.,  C.  &  St.  L.  Railway,  at 
Watseka  C.  &  E.  I.  Railway;  at  (Jilman  with  L  C.  and  G.,  C.  &  S. 
Railways;  Chenoa,  with  C.  ct  A.  Railway;  at  El  Paso  with  I.  C. 
Railway  (main  line) ;  at  Peoria  with  P.  &  R.  I.,  P.,  P.  &  J.,  C,  R. 
I.  &  P.,  and  C,  B.  &  Q.  Railways;  at  Bushnell  with  St.  Louis 
Division  and  main  line  of  the  C,  B.  &  Q.  Railways;  at  Burlington 
with  C,  B.  &  Q.,  B.  &  C.  R.  and  M.  &  B.  and  B.  &  S.  \V.  Rail- 
ways;  at  Keokuk  with  DesMoines  Valley  Railway. 


CHAPTER  XX. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 
THE  CANTON  &  LIVERPOOL  PLANK-ROAD  COMPANY. 

Prior  to  the  days  of  railroads  in  this  part  of  the  State  plank 
roads  and  turnpikes  were  built  on  the  main  traveled  routes  to  the 
principal  towns,  generally  those  situated  upon  the  river.  The  Can- 
ton &  Liverpool  Plank  Koad  was  started  from  Liverpool  to  Canton 
in  1850.  The  road  was  constructed  principally  hy  Canton  mer- 
chants, business  men  at  Liverpool,  and  farmers  in  the  vicinity  of 
the  road.  The  distance  from  the  Public  Square  in  Canton  to  Liver- 
pool was  13  miles,  about  IJ  niiles  of  which  is  bottom  land.  The 
road-bed  was  graded  16  feet  wide  on  the  top,  and  the  plank  track 
was  about  8  feet  wide,  laid  uj)on  one  side  of  the  road-bed.  The 
plank  was  2x6  inches  and  laid  upon  square  oak  stringers.  The 
plank  road  was  just  wide  enough  for  one  wagon,  and  iu  passing,  one 
vehicle  would  have  to  turn  out  upon  the  dirt  road.  There  were 
three  toll  gates  arranged  along  the  line  at  different  places  for  the 
purpose  of  collecting  toll,  which  was  so  much  per  mile.  One  of 
these  was  located  one  mile  south  of  Canton,  one  three  miles  further 
south,  and  one  at  Liverpool. 

The  Canton  &  Liverpool  Plank  Road  Comj)any  did  the  grading 
under  the  immediate  supervision  of  the  Directors  of  the  Company. 
Thompson  Maple  furnished  the  lumber  and  jnit  it  down.  Ho  built 
a  saw-mill  about  three  miles  from  Liverpool  for  the  purpose  of  saw- 
ing the  plank  for  this  road.  The  "  slai)  town  "  which  originated  by 
the  construction  of  this  mill  still  survives,  and  is  known  as  Maple's 
Mill,  which  is  on  sections  10  and  11 ,  Liverpool  township.  The  total 
cost  of  this  ])lank  road  was  ?4(),()0().  It  did  not  prove  profitable  to 
the  company  and  but  one  dividend  was  ever  declared,  and  this  was 
when  the  road  was  in  good  order  and  no  repairs  were  needed  during 
the  season.  The  Company  got  into  debt  and  made  an  assessment  to 
relieve  this  embarrassment,  which  some  of  the  stockholders  failed 
to  pay.  It  became  greatly  indebted  to  Thomson  Maple  for  repairs. 
As  this  indebtedness  was  never  liquidated  it  was  sold  some  years 
afterwards  to  satisfy  the  claimants,  when  Mr.  Maple  bid  it  in,  took 
up  the  plank  and  put  it  to  other  uses.  The  line  was  run  for  about 
six  years,  and  was  the  only  ]>lank  road  ever  constructed  in  the 
county. 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON   COUNTY.  10J5 

There  was  a  dike  thrown  up  from  Copperas  Creek  over  tlie  bot- 
tom for  a  distance  of  about  2  miles.  Copperas  Creek  Landi>ig  was 
only  10  miles  from  Canton,  whereas  Liverpool  was  13  miles ;  and  as 
this  was  a  free  road,  it  gave  Copperas  Creek  Landing  great  advantage 
over  the  Liverpool  Landing,  and  proved  detrimental  to  the  plank 
road.  Had  all  the  business  of  the  country  immediately  interested 
been  carried  over  the  plank  roajl  it  might  have  proven  a  profitable 
enterprise,  both  to  the  stockholders  and  to  the  people  along  the 
route;  but  this  dike  was  constructed  by  merchants,  or  men  who  had 
warehouses  at  Co])peras  Creek  Landing,  for  the  ])urpose  of  attracting 
trade  to  that  point.  Being  nearer  to  Canton  and  reaching  a  good 
coal  district,  the  farmers  preferred  Copperas  Creek  Landing  to  Liver- 

])00l. 

COUNTY-SEAT   CONTEST. 

The  question  of  moving  the  county  seat  from  Lewistown  to  Can- 
ton began  to  be  agitated  in  July  of  1878.  On  Monday  and  Tuesday, 
August  5  and  6,  the  county  was  canvassed  by  men  from  Canton 
and  other  places,  for  signers  to  a  petition  praying  for  an  election  on 
the  removal  of  the  connty  seat  to  Canton.  There  were  secured  to 
this  petition  7,131  names.  It  was  presented  to  the  Probate  Court 
Sept.  18,  1878,  and  the  Judge  called  an  election  to  vote  for  or  against 
the  removal,  fixing  the  time  a  week  later  than  the  regular  Novend)cr 
election.  The  canvass  was  begun  and  carried  through  with  the 
utmost  vigor  by  both  Canton  and  Lewistown.  Indeed  efforts,  un- 
precedented almost  in  the  history  of  county-seat  fights, — which  are 
known  to  engender  feelings  more  intensely  bitter  than  any  other 
public  contests,  were  made  in  this  canvass.  That  both  Canton  and 
Lewistown,  with  their  allies,  put  forth  tremendous  effyrts,  we  ])resume 
will  not  be  denied  by  any  person.  Both  cities  exerted  themselves 
almost  to  their  utmost,  one  to  gain  what  it  had  not,  the  other  to  re- 
tain what  it  already  had.  Speakers  were  in  every  school-house  ad- 
vocating one  side  or  the  other.  Canton  sent  out  her  Silver  Cornet 
Band  and  Lewistown  a  martial  band.  Every  available  man  in 
both  cities  was  used.  Farmers  residing  in  the  vicinity  brought 
in  their  teams  and  hitched  them  around  the  scjuares  ready  for  the 
use  of  any  j)erson  who  might  desire  to  go  out  in  tlie  iiitcr(\st 
of  the  res])ective  cities.  The  various  papers  throughout  the 
county  were  filled  with  lengthy  editorials,  local  squibs,  slings, 
etc.,  on  the  sul)iect.  Here  we  will  remark  that  pajiers  have 
seldom  advocated  or  oj)j)(»sed  a  measure  with  so  much  force,  ability 
and  energy,  as  the  newspapers  of  Fulton  county  rljd  this  proposition 
during  the  exciting  camj)aign.  Circulars  and  posters  were  j)rinted 
by  the  thousand  and  sent  over  the  county  by  both  sides.  We  can- 
not even  give  a  synopsis  of  the  arguments,  prt)mises  and  denials 
made  by  both  ])arties,  further  than  to  briefly  state  the  princij)al  induce- 
ment Canton  offered  to  the  peoj)h'  if  they  would  give  her  the  county- 
seat,  and  those  made  by  Lewistown  if  they  would  let  it  remain  with 


lOlG  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

her.  Canton  offered  to  the  connty  acourt-honsc  worth  not  less  than 
$40,0o0.  Tlie  })hnis  and  sprcitieations  were  the  same  as  used  in  the 
construction  of  the  court-house  at  Waukcgan,  111.,  large  cuts  of 
which  appeared  in  some  of  the  papers.  This  building,  with  jail 
attached,  was  to  be  when  coinj)leted  and  ready  for  occujjancy  pre- 
sented to  the  county.  Lewistown  offered  to  make  the  Circuit  and 
County  Clerks'  offices  fire-proof,  at  an  expense  of  not  less  than  S2,000 
(which  she  did  at  a  much  greater  outlay),  and  to  fix  up  the  old  build- 

As  illustrating  the  efforts  made  to  gain  votes  upon  either  side,  we 
relate  the  following  incidents,  which  actually  occurred.  We  do  it, 
not  condemning  either  party,  or  any  one,  but  as  good-naturedly 
showing  how  much  votes  were  prized,  and  how  great  the  efforts 
sometimes  put  forth  to  secure  them  : 

Shortly  prior  to  the  county-seat  contest  a  great  temperance  revival 
had  been  held  in  one  of  the  river  townships,  and  this  noble  cause 
found  many  converts  among  the  good  people  residing  in  that  district, 
heretofore  anything  but  staunch  temperance  folk.  They  had  be- 
come teetotalers  of  pronounced  and  radical  jirinciples.  It  so  hap- 
pened, too,  that  the  majority  of  this  community  thought  the  removal 
of  the  county-seat  advisable  and  should  vote  accordingly.  Lewis- 
town  had  exerted  her  infiuenee  in  the  shape  of  arguments,  but, 
seemingly,  to  no  purpose,  and  the  entire  neighborhood  was  likely  to 
go  solidly  for  Canton,  when  by  rights,  owing  to  location,  as  Lewis- 
town  thought,  it  should  be  given  to  her.  It  would  not  do  to  let 
them  go  in  that  way.  Something  must  be  done,  and  a  few  Lewis- 
tonians  proved  themselves  equal  to  the  emergency.  One  night  a 
buggy  was  filled  with  jugs  of  whi.sky  at  Lewistown  and  driven  into 
this  township.  .The  newly  made  and  enthusiastic  temperance  men 
were  called  from  their  slumbers,  and  in  that  quiet,  confidential  tone 
to  which  politicians  so  often  modulate  their  voice  and  deportment 
about  convention  or  election  time,  they  were  told  that,  knowing 
them  to  be  strongly  in  favor  of  the  removal  they  had  brought  them 
a  jug  of  good  old  liourbon  for  them  to  use  among  the  "boys"  in  the 
interest  of  Canton.  They  visited  many  of  the  leading  men  in  the 
same  way,  leaving  or  offering  to  leave  a  jug  of  whisky  "  in  the  in- 
terest of  Canton."  Their  j)hin  worked  like  a  charm.  It  was  one 
of  the  shrewdest  schemes  of  the  camj)aign,  and  none  more  effectual. 
The  next  day  these  leading  men  nudged  each  other  in  a  confidential 
got-something-to-tell-you  manner,  and  each  related  the  experiences 
of  the  previous  night,  which,  as  was  intended,  turned  them  against 
Canton.  They  solemnly  resolved  to  have  nothing  to  do  with  men 
who  would  so  grossly  in^sult  them,  knowing  of  their  recent  strong 
temperance  profession  ;  and  the  entire  neighborhood  came  over  in  a 
body  for  Lewistown. 

On  a  farm  within  a  few  miles  from  one  of  the  towns  of  the  county, 
(neither  Canton  or  Lcwit?town)  were  two  men,  one  in  favor  of  the 
removal  of  the  county-seat,  the  other  thinking  that  things  were  well 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1017 

enough  as  tlioy  were.  Tlicy  had  reasoned  among  themselves  and 
had  manv  animated  discussions.  At  last  the  Lewistown  man  seemed 
to  get  the  bettor  of  his  Canton  friend,  a  cousin,  we  believe.  At 
least  he  so  far  converted  him  as  to  cause  him  to  give  up  all  notion 
of  voting  for  Canton.  He  would  remain  at  home  and  work,  and  not 
vote  at  all.  This  was  indeed  a  great  victory  his  friend  had  achieved, 
and  so  jubilant  was  he  that  he  went  to  the  town  in  Cj[uestion  and  re- 
lated the  intentions  of  his  cousin  not  to  vote.  This  was  unfortunate 
for  him,  for  voters  were  at  a  premium  and  no  efforts  would  be 
spared  to  bring  a  delinquent  to  the  polls  where  one  was  known  to 

be.     It  was  noised  about  that  Farmer was  not  going  to  vote. 

That  would  not  do ;  so  thought  a  prominent  editor  and  a  leading 
town  official,  who  inclined  toward  Canton.  These  gentlemen  im- 
mediately  put  off  in  their  buggy   for  Farmer  's  fine  farm. 

They  found  the  gentleman,  who  had  just  driven  into  a  corn-field 
with  a  two-horse  wagon  and  began  to  gather  a  load  of  corn.  They 
pressed  him  to  go  back  to  town  with  them  and  vote,  but  no ;  he 
was  obstinate :  din't  care  about  going.  Anyway  he  would  not  go 
until  he  got  his  load  of  corn  gathered  and  that  would  make  it  too  late 
for  him  to  vote.  The  editor  proposed  to  the  alderman  that  they  join  in 
and  help  gather  the  load  of  corn.  He  readily  assented,  their  coats 
were  thrown  off  and  "ye  editor"  and  official  were  soon  throwing 
corn  right  and  left.     At  last  the   large   wagon   box  was  filled  and 

they  thought  Farmer would  start  right  to  town  with  them  ; 

but  no ;  he  loved  to  see  his  visitors  work  too  well.  He  drew  the 
load  of  corn  to  his  barn  and  there  made  them  shovel  the  cereal  into 
the  bin.  Thev  never  flinched  once,  however,  for  thev  were  after 
a  "vote,"  whi('ii  they  finally  got. 

At  Farmington,  which  is  near  the  Knox  and  Peoria  county  lines, 
there  was  a  full  corps  of  workers  from  both  Canton  and  Lewistown 
on  election  day.  It  is  said  they  had  an  abundance  of  liquors  in  quart 
and  pint  bottles.  Of  course  there  were  two  kinds:  One  would  show 
its  drinkers  the  importance  of  removing  the  county-seat,  the  other 
would  be  equally  forcible  in  proving  the  importance  of  letting  it  remain 
where  it  was.  The  parties  who  pretended  to  represent  the  two  cities 
Canton  and  Lewistown,  at  Farmington,  were  comparatively  strangers 
there,  and  of  course  did  not  know  the  men  who  lived  in  the  adjoin- 
ing counties  of  Knox  and  Peoria;  and  it  may  be  remarked  that  an 
unusual  number  of  these  gentlemen  were  in  Farmington  upon  elec- 
tion day.  One  of  them  would  be  cornered,  quietly  presented 
with  a  quart  bottle  of  the  ardent  and  then  urged  to  vote  according 
to  the  views  of  the  donor,  when,  to  the  chagrin  of  the  "  worker,"  he 
would  cooly  reply :  "  Oh !  I  live  in  Knox  county,"  or,  "  I  can't 
vote  for  I'm  a  resident  of  Peoria  county." 

A  week  after  the  regular  November  election,  after  a  most  exciting 
campaign,  the  voters  of  the  county  decided  not  to  remove  the 
county-seat  to  Canton.  It  required  a  majority  of  two-thirds  of  all 
the  voters  in  the  county  to  carry  the  measure.  There  were  cast  for 
removal  4,785  ballots,  against,  4,349,  thus  defeating  the  measure. 


1018  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COfjNTY. 


MATRIMONIAL. 


One  of  the  very  first  items  recorded  in  the  original  record  of  this 
county  was  a  certificate  of  marriage.  Since  then  matrimony  has  en- 
joyed a  long  and  prosperous  "run."  It  is  true,  at  times  a  slight 
dullness  prevailed.  The  market  fluctuated,  as  it  were.  The  great 
financial  panics  which  have  brought  hard  times  upon  tlie  country  at 
diiferent  periods  have  proven  highly  disastrous  to  matrimony.  It 
will  be  noticed  that  in  the  following  table  the  years  immediately 
succeeding  the  great  crashes,  the  number  of  marriage  licenses  issued 
have  fallen  off  remarkably.  For  instance,  in  1838,  the  year  after 
the  great  financial  crash  of  1837,  when  the  internal  improvement 
system  of  the  State  collapsed,there  were  only  88  licenses  issued,  whereas 
the  previous  year  there  were  126.  As  the  county  regained  its  for- 
mer prosperity  the  number  of  marriages  increased,  until  1854,  the 
year  preceding  the  pressure  of  hard  times  of  the  j)revious  year. 
1855,  '56  and  '57  proved  prosperous  seasons  for  matrimony,  but 
1858,  the  following  year  after  the  crash  of  1857,  the  decrease  in  num- 
ber of  marriages  is  quite  perceptible.  From  1860  till  the  close  of 
the  war  and  tlie  boys  came  marching  home,  matrimony  waned.  In 
1865,  '6()  and  '67,  however,  the  figures  show  an  unprecedented  sea- 
son of  prosperity  in  matrimony.  Again  after  our  last  panic,  that  of 
1873,  we  find  a  noticeable  decrease. 

In  1823,  the  fir.-jt  year  after  the  county  was  organized,  no  marriage 
licenses  were  issued.  In  lieu  thereof,  however,  the  officiating 
preachers  or  justices  of  the  peace  had  an  article  certifying  to  the 
marriage  filed  in  the  office  of  the  County  Clerk.  The  first  certificate 
thus  recorded  was  for  the  marriage  of  Thomas  L.  Ross  and  Susan 
Nye,  in  July,  1823.  The  first  coujile  ever  married  in  Chicago  was 
when  that  citv  was  under  the  iurisdiction  of  this  countv.  Thev 
were  Alexander  Woolcott  and  Eleanor  Kinzie,  daughter  of  the 
famous  John  Kinzie,  the  first  settler  of  Chicago. 

In  primitive  times,  when  money  was  seldom  seen  among  the  pio- 
neers, coon-skins  were  used  as  a  medium  of  trade.  Marriage  licenses 
were  often  secured  by  the  brave  young  pioneer  boys  with  coon-skins. 
At  one  time  Stephen  Dewey,  County  C'lerk,  had  as  many  as  250 
coon-skins  on  hand  which  he  had  received  ibr  licenses.  Garen 
Thomi)son  |)rocured  the  license  wiiich  authorized  his  marriage  with 
Susanu  Cole  in  1828  of  Stephen  Dewey,  ibr  which  he  i)aid  him  four 
coon-skins.  He  had  no  money  and  as  coon-skins  were  considered  a 
legal-tender,  they  were  readily  taken.  Nathaniel  C.  Bordwine  was 
j)resent  at  the  time.  We  would  infer  from  this  transaction  that  the 
price  of  a  marriage  license  was  ibur  coon-skins. 

It  would  ai)j)car  that  the  County  Clerk  kept  a  regular  "junk  shop," 
almost,  for  besides  taking  coon  skins  in  payment  for  official  papers 
he  would  receive  almost  anything.  One  of  the  old  settlers  of  Ver- 
mont townshi])  had  met  the  girl  he  resolved  to  make  his  bride,  and 
after  the  usual  arrangements   between    the  willing  couple  the  day 


HISTOIIY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1019 

r 

was  set  for  being;  married.  The  young;  man  was  poor  but  full  of 
pluck  and  energy.  He  eonld  not  raise  the  necessary  amount  of  cash 
with  which  to  procure  the  license,  and  as  there  were  no  coons  in  his 
"  neck  of  the  woods,"  or  cl|e  he  was  a  poor  marksman,  he  could  not 
even  get  the  coon  skins  to  trade  for  a  license.  Undaunted,  however, 
he  was  determined  to  try  another  way.  He  was  the  happy  possessor 
of  an  old  bridle.  Hanging;  this  u[)on  his  arm  he  made  his  way  to 
Lewistown,  where  he  procured  the  necessary  license  and  tendered 
the  bridle  in  payment  thereof  The  county  official  looked  over  the 
well  worn  article  with  some  hesitancy,  but  soon  bid  the  young  man 
to  depart  in  peace. 

Rev.  Wm.  Rutledge,  a  pioneer  Methodist  preacher  now  living  in 
Sangamon  county,  relates  the  following  interesting  incidents  with 
respect  to  marriages :  After  the  ceremony  he  performed  on  one  oc- 
casion the  groom  asked  him  hon'  mucii  he  charged.  Mr.  R.  replied 
that  he  made  no  charge,  but  the  young  man  could  pay  what  lie 
chose.  The  groom  took  from  his  pocket  three  silver  quarters,  and 
holding  them  out  in  his  open  hand,  said,  "There:  take  till  you  are 
satisfied."  One  young  man  who  Mr.  Rutledge  married  had  no 
shoes  of  his  own  fit  for  his  wedding,  and  therefore  borrowed  his 
mother's  shoes  for  the  occasion.  He  agreed  to  i)ay  for  the  ceremony 
when  he  dug  his  potatoes.  ^Another  benedict  j)aid  Mr.  Rutledge  $5 
at  the  time  of  the  ceremony,  and  a  year  or  so  afterward  the  matri- 
monial alliance  had  turned  out  so  well  that  he  handed  the  clergy- 
man ^5  more.  Mr.  Ruthnlge  relates  the  case  of  a  Dutchman  who 
went  to  Lewistown,  obtained  his  license,  got  married,  and  on  his 
way  home  in  the  wagon  he  recollected  that  he  did  not  have  the 
license  with  him,  and  suddenly  exclaimed:  "Och!  I  forgot  mine 
license;  I  pays  mine  money  for  him;  I  goes  back  and  gets  him." 
Of  course  the  parson  kept  the  license. 

There  are  some  quaint  documents  on  file  in  the  matrimonial  de- 
partment of  the  County  Clerk's  oftice.  Often  when  a  young  man 
went  after  a  license  the  Clerk  woidd  not  give  it  uidess  he  knew  the 
girl  was  of  proper  age  and  her  i)arents  did  not  object  to  the  marriage. 
Among  the  letters  we  take  the  following  verbatim  : 

June  the  23:  This  is  to  show  that  thire  is  now  oposition  in  this 
raach  this  I  give  from  under  my  hand  this  23  June  1832  Mary 
Brown. 

Henry  Hampton 

to 
Parmelia  Ann  Brown. 


hereby  i  do  approbate  and  Consent  to  this  marriage  and  do  give 
my  daughter  mary  tanner  to  John  Cammel,  Roda  Tanner,  seal. 


sir  i  have  given  my  con.sent  that  levi  jewel  shll  have  my  daughter 
beulah.  •  Wm.  Bush, 

Elizabeth  Bush. 


1020 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


The  following  table  gives  the  number  of  marriage  licenses  issued 
each  vear  since  18*24: 


YEAR. 


1824.. 
1825. 
1826. 
1827. 
1828. 
1929. 
1830. 
1831. 
1832. 
1833. 
1834. 
183.5. 
1836. 
1837.. 
1838. 
1839. 
1840., 
1841.. 
1842.. 
1843.. 


NO.  ISSVED.   YEAR. 


3 
9 

8 

17 

22 

11 

38 

26 

37 

47 

36 

83 

126 

88 

136 

135 

125 

134 

164 


1844. 
1845. 
1846. 
1847. 
1848. 
1849. 
18.50. 
1851. 
1852. 
1853. 
1854. 
1855. 
18.56. 
1857. 
1858. 


NO.  ISSIEV. 


1859. 
I860. 
1861. 
1862. 


146 

171 

179 

188 

201 

234 

240 

277 

234 

243 

223 

333 

360 

358 

327 

386 

311 

294 

274 


YEAR. 

1863 

1864 

1865 

1866 

1867 

1868 

1869 

1870 

1871 

1872 

1873 

1874 

1875 

1876 

1877 

1878 

1879  to  Oct.  17. 


NO.  ISSUED. 

248 

301 

376 

4.50 

405 

335 

390 

340 

357 

328 

373 

324 

339 

343 

373 

363 

278 


Total 13,148 


SCHOOL    STATISTICS. 

Hon.  James  P.  Sl.\de, 

Supt.  of  Public  Inntruction ; 
De.\r  Sir:— I  have  the  honor  to  submit  this  my  Annual  Report,  hoping  that 
you  may  find  it  accurate  and  satisfactory. 

The  Board  of  Supervisors  in  their  wisdom  saw  proper  to  limit  the  time  of 
the  County  Superintendent  (100  days  each  year) ;  heme  I  have  but  little  or  no 
supervision  over  the  schools  in  this  county.'  This  neglect  of  visiting  the  schools 
is  the  very  best  of  reason  why  our  schools  are  not  in  a  better  condition  ;  also 
the  reason  why  that  very  many  of  the  3,381  children  who  are  eligible  to  attend 
school  do  not  attend.  A  majority  of  our  experienced  and  best  teachers  have 
left  this  county  and  our  schools  for  the  past  few  years  have  wofuUy  retrograded, 
from  the  fact  that  most  of  the  schools  outside  of  the  towns  arc  iii  the  hands  of 
the  young  and  inexperienced,  and  there  is  no  one  who  has  the  time  or  author- 
ity to  instruct,  or  to  drill  in  the  great  art  of  teaching,  that  would  better  enable 
teachers  to  asume  the  va.st  resposibiiity,  so  that  they  would  discharge  every 
duty  in  a  conscientious  manner  and  with  a  pure  and  honest  purpose. 

Fulton  is  a  large  county;  much  work  is  required,  and  even  the  ordinary 
labor  cannot  be  performed  in  the  time  granted  by  the  Supervisors.  To  dis- 
charge my  offifial  duty  I  was  employed  fifty-five  days  over  the  time,  and  of 
course  all  those  days  of  over  time  shall  be  gratuitious. 

Now  from  the  above  statement  it  can  lie  easily  seen  why  it  is  that  "Teachers' 
Institutes"  have  ceased  to  meet,  and  -'Township  Drills"  are  no  longer  prac- 
ticed. As  the  School  Laws  have  impo.sed  a  duty  which  is  mandatory  upon  the 
County  Superintendent  — tliat  of  examining  Township  Treasurers'  books,  notes, 
etc. — and  as  he  is  required  to  report  the  result  of  this  investigation  to  the 
Township  Trustees,  I  think  that  surely  the  Board  of  Supervisors  will  at  their 
next  session  grant  as  much  more  time  at  least  as  would  be  necessary  to  the 
accomplishment  of  this  important  work. 

All  the  High  Schools  of  the  county  are  reported      Only  one  acting  under 
special  charter,  the  other  two  are  district  graded  schools. 
Respectfullv  submitted, 

Yours  truly,  H.  J.  BENTON, 

County  Supt. 

A  table  giving  the  School  Statistics  in  full  will  be  found  on  the  next  page. 


HISTOKY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 


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No.  Malesnnder21. 

GO 

^ioc;"^oc;»  —  o;coxxcoo;c;0'Co-c;c»cc^io02  0'0 

^ 

CO--J--C"i+-i:OC:i*^tOOH-io4-4-  —  m;C*-OiOi  —  COCOi— '^J 

1— > 
O 
CO 

^-1 

No.  of  Females  un- 

COC04---*>.COtOtOhti.00COi-'i—'1— 'tOC0*'Oi>*'C0lOC0CCO'O 

der  21. 

on 

to  cc  :c  - 1  4^  k;^  -^1  --J  CO  i 1  :o  -^  co  4-  <x>  ^j  to  ci  co  -j  o  ^  c  oi 

;o 

^  CO  - 1  :r)  4-  CO  to  CD  Oi  ^J  H-  Cii  Oi  00  'O  4-  to  t-"  O  CO  X  to  Oi  ^  cr. 

ic 

to                                >— '                                      h- i  1— >                                1— 1  ■— I 

Total   No.   of   Per- 

to 

^1  ^1  CD  CO  :d  -J  oi  en  oc  CT"  ^1  CO  4^  to  C/'  CO  o  o  CO  oo  c;i  C5  oi  1-^  c; 

sons  under  '21. 

^J 

©•D4-CC4^  —  CncO;OCnC;'--ItO-4i— '4-  —  ►-'4-^4-tO— JOO-i 

OJ 

oo<oo4-ooioooco^jcito~j;otoO'— '►^cnoTXoaiciioco 

Total  No.  of    Per- 

I-'                           1— > 
.>CnC;4^C;4>.*>COC:504^tOCOtOCOOi05C:  cnc;coco4-^io 

sons   between  6 
and  21. 

ni 

ooo^to^;o  —  oooicC4^  —  io4-co:o^iaDco;o;o^i^co 

CO., 
to 

OiC:  -i 

CO  CO  1—  o  X  CO  to  CO  c;  c.  o  CO  o  c:  -^1  en  >—  to  X  e^'  en  •-' 

No.  of  School  Dis- 

1— 1                         t—t                                u-1                                        t— •  t— 1          h-t          >— *                         H-* 

tricts. 

50 

coc;ico-<iH-oococDxooocoo5coGco^-'x>-^^iciOcncoo 

o 

»-l 

No.  of  Pupils  En- 

CD 

4-.  03  O-i  ►-^  *.  CO  Cd  CO  4-  ~  CO  >-'  to  to  to  CO  O:  J:  4^  4-  CO  Ci  CO  OT  c 

rdlk'd. 

■^I 

r-  4-  o  —  ;;•  to  to  C/1  x>  CO  ac  -1  to  —  OD  ^i  X  o  c:  _.  —  o  —  w'  -D 

to 

X  CO  :ni  4-  cii  CO  c;  ^  cc  —  :o  1—  ^1  ~.  to  H-  :o  ^i  X  -o  w>  —  -.  D  — 

No.  Male  Teachers. 

1—1 

do 

>;».05<y(^.ooc;ii— o-<i4>-c;'t-'os>t».'^H--ioto»^i-'Cooi~i 

to 

CO 

No.  Female  Teach- 

Ml-" to                              l-l>-«                                            >-'                       H-'h-''-' 

ers. 

4- 

10  4»-Cn^ 

xcoos^i— cooo»t>.osiox^cncox^J*-o:o<oco 

CO  4-  to  CO 

c;coen4i.en-^4i.co4^e;'4i-c:4i.o<oi^i4-4ien-ic;' 

IliRhcst      Monthly 
Wap'S  Paid  Male 
Teachers. 

cn  o  w'  CO  o  ^1  o  o  oi  oi  cji  o  o  c:  o  o'  wi  ci'  o  O'  o  en  o  o  o 

OOCCOOOOOOOO^OOOOOOOO'OOOOO 

ooocoooooooo  c»o  o 

OOOOOOOOCOCCO 

CO  4-  O'  en  4-  CO  to  CO  CO  CO  c;  ci  CO  to 

CO  CO  CO  4-  c;  Ci 

e;  C0  4-  4- 

It^ 

1 
Hinbcst      Monthly 
Wattes    Paid    Fe- 

Cii O  O  O  O  O  C'  w>  Oi  c;i  Cn  lO  CO  O"  O  O  CJ<  C  O  Ci<  CO  Oi  O  w'  O 

OOOOOOOOCOOSCiOOOOOOOCOOOOO 
0OOOOOO00OoSciOOOO0OOC:O0OO 

male  Teachers. 

to  to  CO  to  to  to  to  to  to  CO  to  CO  CO  to  to  to  to  to  ►-'  i,o  ►-;  to  Ci  CO  to 

Lowest       Monthly 

O  CO  O  O"  O'  4-  CD  C!'  O  O  en  C  Oi  C;<  O  O  en  O  C;  en  C:  Cn  Oi  O  C!i 

Wages  Paid  Male 

oooooo'~-~~oo— 'ocroc'ocoooocoo 

Teachers. 

OOOOOOOOOOOCOOO 

ooo 
^j  c:  i^ 

CT'OOOOOOO 

^k-.^-.^^i—^K-'-'i-'i-'^  —  to 

Ci  3:  X  00  CI  en  c-  00  O"  — J  Gc  X  CI  to 

t— 1  t— t  t— 1  1— •  1—1  to  *~*  ^^ 

X  0:  c:  ^  e;'  0  C.  CI 

1 
Lowest       Monthly 
W'ukcs    Paid    Fe- 

OC-. OCCIOCI^IOOOOC'OOCOOOOOOCCXO 

ocioc:ciOoaiooooooooooooooocxo 

MM 

male  Teachers. 

5i 

^ 

fO 

>-"-'  4-  CO  to  >-'  to  to  to  ci  •-'      I-"      HJ  to  ^  1.0  to  to  —  to  >-'  c;  to 

CO 

Oi  CO  O  —  CJ'  e;'  to  O  CO  X  4-  C:  to  CO  O'  --  X  X   _  ~1  C^  --  4-  4-  4- 

CO  4-  X  4-  CO  ^  4-  o  4-  -D  -D  to  ;o  X  o  to  ~  —  ^I  X  4-  c;  ~.  4 ^1 

Am'tP'd  Teachers. 

00 

o  CO  4-  CO  4 — ^1  e;'  X  4-  ci  CO  4-  i'  cc  co  o  ~  c;  :/i  co  .—  —  ic  ^i  to 

en 

CtCDOtOCC  —  O  —  OC;C5:^tXOOC;4-C:X4..OO~l4-4- 

t— » 

Q0Q0Ci4^Oa)^— ^COCOO"COOOOOI0^0004^0<0 

^ 

1-.                                                                            f» 

CO 

to  1-'  en  CO  1 0  1-'  to  to  CO  c;  "^      >-''-''-'  to  to  4-  lo  Ci  to  to  to  4.  c; 

Total  Expenditures 

CO 

CO  4».  Ci  4-  I  V  CO  —  1  -:.  —  c;  X  ^1  CO  c:  c:  :i.'  P  ^i  -i  .-;  ??  r^T  'i  r:  3£ 

to  ■-  X  i'  1  -  — '  i'  X  ~  lo  Ci'  CO  c;  X  c:  c;  10  CO  o  to  ic  to  co  ~  o 

for  the  Year  End- 

Ci 

X  o  o  X  ^  CO  4 — -1  r:  o  X  i'  4-  CO  —  c;  o.  —  ^1  —  ii  ic  4 — ^i  co 

ing  June  30, 1879. 

1  (Ti 

Oi  —  CO  CO  O  ^)  O  CO  C:  -^  to  en  CO  ^I  ^1  O  X  — '  X  — '  ^J  X  10  to  ^J 

• 

Ito 

o 

o 

^ 

CO 

^ 

C5 

o 

to 

CO 

CO  C^  C/i  c^  to 

wO 

ocncsoscoto^xxx 

1022 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 


TABLE   OF    DISTANCES    IN    FULTON    COUNTY. 

In  onler  to  find  tho  distance  from  one  town  to  another,  find  the 
narae.s  of  the  respective  towns,  one  in  eacii  list.  F(^r  instance,  if 
we  wish  to  learn  the  distance  it  is  from  Fairview  to  Vermont,  we 
trace  down  the  list  of  names  npon  the  left  till  we  come  to  Vermont; 
then  find  Fairview  in  the  upper  list,  and  trace  the  columns  of  fig- 
ures that  each  of  these  names  are  in  until  they  meet,  which  will 
indicate  the  distance.  We  thus  find  it  is  36  miles  from  Vermont, 
to  Fairview. 


Name  of  Place. 


o 

O 

> 

lllli 

pS   C^'   W    ri    -< 

Marietta. 

Bernatlotte. 

Table   Grove. 

Vermont. 

Astoria. 

Summum. 

Otto 

Havana. 

Liverpool. 
Ipava. 

10 

12 

9 

/ 

101017  18  26 

25  25  3.3  37  34  28  24  25 

12  29 

Ipava 12  10  20  20  39  27  26  10  26  12   4   61014   8   816 

Liverpool 10  16  11  13  23  25  3120  40  28  20  29  30  30  261815, 

Havana 101813  20  35  30  33  24  44  27  20  22  23  2017    9 

Otto 9  16  17  18  35  28  31  16  35  21  12  13  15  12  6 

Summum 14  22  2223  39  14  37  14  34  16  12  13    8    6l 

Astoria 20  27  28  31  44  33  44  20  43  24  14  11    7- 

Vermont 2p  23  28  27  47  35  38  19  37  18  12   5 

Table  Grove 18  20  23  24  43  31  33  1-133  111  8 

Bernadotte 1012  16  16  35.23  22^  6  22    s' 

Marietta '18121810  42  2314!  6  14 

: r I ' 

Avon • 32  24  32  26  27,16   9  20l 

Smithfield 11    6  11  11  30  17  11 

EUisville 23  15  22^18  18|  sj 

Fairview 20  11 15  10  10 

Farmington.u 25.24,2018 


oo 


Civer ;10 

Bryant 7 

Cuba 8 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1023 

POPULATION. 

The  following  table  gives  th(,'  })opuhition  of  Fulton  County  by 
townships  for  1850,  '55, '60  and '70,  with  the  increase.  Where  a 
clash  appears  before  a  number  in  the  columns  of  increase  it  signi- 
fies a  decrease  in  the  population  of  the  township.  We  give  an  esti- 
mated population  of  the  county  by  townships  for  the  ])resent  year 
in  the  last  column  but  one.  We  base  our  estimate  u})on  the  school 
census  of  1879,  and  we  believe  it  is  not  far  from  correct,  although 
we  do  not  claim  it  as  official  or  as  perfect,  but  think  it  will  be  found 
approximately  so. 


=>      '     LS                      S  g 

o8      ;     2*                      S  S  A 

TOWNSHIPS.                       'Z           1                        -  -  »• 

H           §                      c  5  -a 

-  -  0) 


Populu 

U03 

191 

2088 

524 

956 

126 

(1(58 

226 

888 

555 

1544 

628 

r_'8<) 

824 

e         2 


Hi 


W 


Astoria 1213   1403  191   1678  275   2120  442   2706  586 

Vermont 1564   2088  524   1964-124   22S9  325   2204  -85 


Farmers' 830  956  126  9,7  1  1219  262  1252   33 

Harris 442  668  226  908  240  1029  121  1150  121 

Lee 33:5  888  555  1141j  253  1298  157  1348   50 

Union 916  1544  628  1062  118  192:'.  261  2036  103 

Woodlan.l 965  1289  324  1448  159  1602  154  1890  288 

Pleasant 964  1128  164  1406;  178  169(1  284  20:!0  340 

Bernadotte 778  870  92  1557|  (587  1254 -:;03  1772  518 

Cass  643  810  167  908  98  1294  386  1582  288 

Deerlield 544  618  74  775  157  908  133  1020  112 

Ellisvillo... 410  476  66  605  128  659  54  644  -15 

Yonns  Hickory 404  538  134  643  105  793  150  858  65 

Kerton •" 1  308  'Am  58|  592  226  520  -72  654  134 

Isabel I  539  624  85  738  114  728  -10  923  195 

Waterfonl '  265  338  73]  453  115  457  4  581  124 

Lewistown 1515  1787  272  2308  517  2953  645  3312  359 

Putman '  1025  1162  137  1335  173  1676  341  1894  218 

.Tosluia.. 879  1000  121  1170  170  1194  24  1236   42 

Fairvievv '  1047  1349  301  l:'.73  24  1319  -54  1266  -53 

Liverpool.  674  919  245  1310  391  1350  40  1424   74 

Buckheart 924  1061  137  1274  213  1590  316  1896  306 

Canton 2579  2950  371  3590  640  4492  902  4888  496 

L.Farniington 1420  1813,  3!t:5  2157  344  2107  -50  2146   39 

Banner 700  SO:*,  103  122()  423  1110-116  1340  230 

Orion 527  53.0  31  823  293  1085  262  1300  215 


Total I  204081  27978  5570|  340016042  38659  4658  43452  4793 

THE  WEALTH  OF  FTLTON  COUNTY. 

Nothing  can  better  show  the  wealth,  importance  and  standing  of 
Fulton  county  than  a  comparison  of  assessments  with  other  counties 
of  the  State.  Such  a  comparison,  which  is  by  no  means  unfavor- 
able to  this  county,  will  clearly  set  forth  the  resources  of  Fulton 

60 


1024  HISTORY    OF    FULTON   COUNTY. 

county  as  in  relation  to  other  counties  of  Illinoi.'^.     It  is  not  our  desire 
or  intention  to  make  a  commendable  representation  when  not  sub- 
stantiated by  facts.     We  give  nothin<r  but  authentic  fi<rures,  such  as 
are  tiled  with   the   State  Auditor  from  each  county,  and  therej'ore  • 
may  be  relied  upon  as  bold,  stubborn  facts. 

As  compared  with  other  counties  in  the  State,  Fulton  is  sixth  in 
area,  containiufi;  549,973  acres.  The  five  counties  having  a  larger 
acreage,  in  their  order  are,  McLean,  La  Salle,  Iroquois,  Livingston 
aud  Champaign.  There  are  305,243  acres  of  land  improved,  and 
244,730  unimproved,  making  56  per  cent,  of  all  lands  improved. 
The  total  valuation  of  lands  in  Fulton  (1878)  was  88,294,922, 
which  is  excelled  by  the  following  counties:  Cook,  La  Salle,  Mc- 
Lean, Sangamon,  Adams,  Henry  and  Knox.  The  total  valuation  of 
personal  property,  lands  and  town  lots  of  this  county  was  313,146,- 
519,  which  w'as  excelled  by  twelve  counties  in  the  State.  In  1852 
the  value  of  lands  of  this  county  was  82,012,505,  exceeded  only  by 
Cook,  Adams,  Jo  Daviess,  Madison  and  Sangamon.  The  total  value 
of  real  and  personal  property  for  1852  was  84,954,068,  which  was 
sixth.  The  value  of  the  real  and  personal  property  of  Fulton 
county  had  increased  in  the  twenty-six  years  from  that  amount  to 
813,146,519,  an  average  increase  in  wealth  of  8300,000  per  year. 
The  three  items  included  in  the  above  statement,  personal  property, 
town  lots  and  lands,  will  give  a  fair  idea  of  the  wealth  of  the 
county.  But  as  it  is  not  customary  to  make  the  assessment  on  a 
full  cash  valuation,  we  must,  in  order  to  fully  show  the  wealth  of 
the  county  add  the  per  cent,  deficit.  The  assessment  shows  only 
about  sixty  per  cent,  of  the  value ;  therefore,  upon  this  basis,  which 
is  by  no  means  an  exaggeration,  we  find  the  real  wealth  of  Fulton 
county  to  be  821,910,086,  an  average  of  8500  to  every  man,  woman 
and  child  in  the  county. 

In  Fulton  county  there  are  15,975  horses,  while  there  are  ten 
other  counties  having  a  larger  number.  In  1852  there  were  9,172 
horses  in  this  county,  which  exceeded  every  county  in  this  great 
State  by  several  hundreds.  While  the  increase  in  the  number  of 
horses  has  not  kept  pace  with  some  other  counties,  the  value  has. 
Fulton  county  boasts  of  having  horses  as  fine  as  can  be  found 
in  any  county  in  the  State.  There  are  fortv-eight  counties  that  have 
a  larger  number  of  mules  than  Fulton.  These  are  principally 
southern  counties,  where  mules  are  in  more  general  use  than  through- 
out the  central  and  northern  ])art  of  the  State.  Of  these  animals 
there  were  in  1878,  1,139.  In  this  county  there  were  16,180  sheep, 
excelled  only  by  Lake,  McHenry,  McLean,  Vermillion  and  Macou- 
p.n.  As  far  back  as  1852  there  were  18,551  sheep  in  the  county, 
whijh  shows  that  sheep-raising  has  l)een  ujion  the  decline.  In  num- 
ber o/  hogs  this  county  is  excelled  only  by  Bureau,  Henry,  Living- 
ston and  Knox.  There  were  here  in  1878,  72,762  hogs,  almost 
double  the  number  there  were  twentv-six  years  ago. 

There  are  in  Fulton  county  6,193  carriages  and  wagons.     In  but 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1025 

ten  other  counties  is  there  a  larger  number.  In  1852  there  were 
3,488.  There  are  within  the  borders  of  the  county  only  9  billiard 
tables,  while  there  are  71  counties  having  a  larger  number.  Take 
into  consideration  the  uses  these  tables  are  generally  put  to,  we  find 
Fulton  stands  in  the  front  rank  as  a  moral  county  in  this  respect. 
In  point  of  number  of  clocks  and  watches  Fulton  stands  tenth. 
She  has  4,026.  In  number  of  sewing  and  knitting  machines  there 
are  2,936,  while  there  are  eight  counties  having  more.  These  ma- 
chines were  not  enumerated  in  1852,  there  being  none,  as  we  sup- 
pose, in  the  county  at  that  time.  There  are  in  the  county  235 
pianos,  being  excelled  by  19  others.  In  1852  there  were  only  10  of 
these  instruments  in  the  county.  There  are  but  14  counties  having 
a  larger  number  of  organs  and  meh)deons,  there  being  522  in  this 
county. 

For  the  year  1877  there  were  sown  of  wheat  in  Fulton  county 
28,440  acres,  being  excelled  by  no  county  in  the  same  latitude  or 
north.  Of  corn  for  the  same  year  there  were  planted  120,352 
acres,  there  being  13  counties  which  had  a  larger  acreage  of  corn. 
There  were  17,460  acres  of  oats  sown,  and  32,937  acres  in  pastur- 
age. There  were  5,198  acres  in  orchards,  which  is  exceeded  only 
by  Knox,  Adams,  McLean,  Champaign,  Madison  and  St.  Clair.  In 
Fulton  county  the  assessment  for  1877  showed  that  there  were  154,- 
489  acres  of  Avoodland  in  the  county,  which  is  a  greater  number  of 
acres  then  any  county  save  Clark,  Jackson,  Hamilton,  Jefferson, 
White  and  Wayne,  the  latter  county  having  more  woodland  than 
any  county  in  Illinois. 

There  are  102  miles  of  railroad  in  Fulton  county,  being  exceeded 
by  Cook,  Edgar,  Hancock,  Henry,  Kane,  LaSalle,  Livingston, 
Logan,  Madison,  McLean,  Peoria,  Sangamon,  Tazewell,  Vermillion, 
Whiteside  and  Will. 

FULTON  COUNTY  AGRICULTURAL  SOCIETY,  AND  THE  FULTON  COUNTY 

FAIR-GROUND  ASSOCIATION. 

These  two  organizations  are  separate,  yet  closely  allied  to  each 
other.  The  Fair-Ground  Association  owns  the  grounds,  while  the 
Agricultural  Society,  or  Board,  conducts  the  fairs.  Of  the  Agricul- 
tural Board,  Inman  Blakaby  is  President ;  C.  A.  Emry,  Secretary ; 
John  R.  Gardiner  and  S.  S.  Miller,  General  Superintendents,  and 
James  Donn,  Superintendent  of  Floral  Hall.  Of  the  Fair-Ground 
Association  John  A.  Furry  is  President ;  J.  R.  Randolph,  Secre- 
tary; H.  J.  Whitmore,  Superintendent,  and  I.  N.  Leeper,  Calvin 
Branson  and  L.  F.  Randolph,  Directors. 

For  the  early  history  of  the  Fulton  County  Fairs  we  are  indebt- 
ed to  ]Mr.  Swan's  History  of  Canton. 

The  first  agricultural  fair  held  in  Fulton  county  was  held  at 
Canton,  on  the  Hannan  Farm,  in  the  fall  of  1852.  At  that  time 
the  Fulton  County  Agricultural  Society  had  no  existence.  Some 
of  the  citizens  of  Canton  determined  to  hold  a  fair  on  their  own 


102()  HISTORY    OF    FUI/rON    COUNTY. 

account.  Meetings  were  accordingly  held,  p:round  selected,  offi- 
cers chosen,  and  all  arranw;ements  made.  The  county  at  larjje 
was  invited  to  participate,  and  the  result  was  (piite  a  respectable 
exhibition.  At  this  fair  the  Fulton  County  A^rricultural  Society 
was  brought  into  existence. 

The  second  and  several  subsecpient  fairs  were  held  first  at  C'uba, 
then  at  Lewistown,  and  at  \  erniout. 

In  the  fall  of  1856,  for  the  second  time  a  fair  was  held  at  Can- 
ton— this  time  being  the  third  annual  fair  of  the  Fulton  County 
Agricultural  Society.  The  fair  ground  on  this  occasion  was  located 
on  South  Main  street,  in  what  was  then  known  as  Wright's  pasture, 
near  the  Stroud  j)lace.  This  fair  attracted  a  great  crowd  of  [)eoj>le 
for  that  day,  and  was  a  complete  success.  No  admittance  fee  was 
charged,  and  one  enterprising  politician  improved  the  occasion  to 
address  the  assembled  multitude  on  political  to])ics,  much  to  the  dis- 
gust of  the  party  opposed  to  him  in  politics.  A  ladies'  e(piestrian 
display  was  the  one  memorable  feature  of  the  fair,  and  one  of  the 
fair  riders,  Miss  Lydia  Maria  Attonetta  Shepley,  was  thrown  from 
her  animal,  but  recovered  her  saddle  almost  instantly,  without  assist- 
ance, and  before  any  of  the  gallants  could  reach  her  with  their  ])rof- 
fers  of  assistance,  amid  tiie  cheers  of  the  crowd. 

Between  185(3  and  186(3  the  fairs  of  the  Fulton  County  Agricul- 
tural Society  had  been  held  at  Lewistown.  These  fairs  had  not  been 
to  any  considerable  extent  successful,  and  in  conse([uence  the  society 
was  in  a  languishing  condition.  In  186(3,  the  members  of  the 
Society,  feeling  a  determination  to  make  their  fairs  more  successful, 
elected  a  new  board  of  officers  and  voted  to  remove  the  fairs  to 
Canton. 

The  citizens  of  Canton  at  once  to<»k  a  deep  and  active  interest  in 
the  Society,  and  set  to  work  in  the  most  praiseworthy  manner  to 
make  the  fairs  not  only  successful,  but  to  place  them  in  the  very  front 
rank  among  the  county  fairs  of  the  United  States.  A  joint-stock 
c<»mpany  was  accordinaly  formed,  which  purchased  twenty-five  acres 
of  the  Anderson  farm,  lying  in  the  southeastern  angle  formed  by  the 
intersection  of  the  brancii  of  the  C\,  B,  <fcQ.  with  the  T.,  P.  &  W. 
Railroad.  The  site  selected  is  on  a  high  level  prairie,  commanding 
a  view  of  a  considerable  porti<»n  of  the  city,  and  was  a  most  admi- 
rable selection  of  ground  for  the  ))urpose.  This  ground  was  pur- 
(ihased  independent  of  the  Society,  but  the  grounds  were  donate  1  to 
the  Society  free  of  rent  for  the  term  of  ninety-nine  years.  The 
citizens  of  Canton  and  vicinity  now  subscribed  ^5,U(J0  for  the  purpose 
of  fencing  and  the  erection  of  the  necessary  buihlings,  stock  stalls, 
etc. 

The  Directors  of  the  Society,  recognizing  the  sj)irit  of  liberal  en- 
terprise thus  manifested  by  the  citizens  of  Canton,  ajipointed  an 
executive  committee  consisting  of  five  persons,  residents  of  Canton, 
to  su])erintend  the  erection  of  buildings,  fencing,  and  making  all 
necessary  arrangements  for  the  fair.     This  committee  consisted  of 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1027 

Messrs.  J.  H.  McC'all,  A.  B.  Hulit,  A.  C.  Babeock,  D.  W.  Vittum, 
jr.,  and  Townsend  Atwator.  It  proceeded  at  once  to  business,  and 
erected  a  larw  substantial  and  convenient  liall,  fitly  by  one  hun- 
dred  feet;  an  amphitheater  capable  of  seating  1,000  persons,  with* 
booths  for  the  sale  of  refreshments  underneath ;  with  all  the  neces- 
sary offices,  stables,  stock-pens,  a  fine  judges'  stand,  and  prejiarcd  a 
half-mile  track  for  exhibition  ])urp()ses.  The  Society  furnished  $o,- 
000,  and  the  whole  amount  was  judiciously  expended  in  preparing 
these  grounds. 

From  the  fair  of  this  year  (1866)  $4,000  were  realized,  and  thus 
the  Society  was  placed  u])on  a  sound  financial  basis,  and  Canton  fairs 
from  that  time  began  to  be  famous. 

In  1867  the  Society  realized  S6,0()0  from  its  fair;  in  1868,  over 
^7,000;  in  1869,  nearly  §9,000.  In  1868  another  amphitheater  was 
added,  with^a  large  dining-hall  and  kitchen  attached;  additional 
sheds  for  carriages,  implements  and  tools  were  erected,  and  large 
additions  made  to  the  nuud)cr  of  stalls  and  stock-pens.  In  1869  the 
number  of  entries  had  reached  2,300,  and  the  fair  was  one  of  the 
most  successful  ever  held  bv  any  county  in  the  A¥est ;  while  that  of 
1870  was  even  more  successful,  being  in  close  competition  with  the 
State  fair. 

The  Society  got  in  debt  largely  and  to  overcome  this  a  grand 
effort  was  ])ut  forth  in  1871.  Everything  was  bright  and  promising 
up  to  th(^  very  conuncncement  of  the  fair  when  that  a])j)alling  Chi- 
cago calamity,  the  greatest  conflagration  of  the  age,  entirely  frus- 
trated the  plans  of  the  Society  and  in  s[)ite  of  the  desperate  effort 
put  forth  the  loss  was  $5,000.  The  Society  found  itself  hopelessly 
in  debt,  owing  $13,000. 

The  grounds  and  fairs  arc  now  under  the  able  management  of  the 
gentlemen  first  mentioned,  is  in  a  ])r(tsperous  condition  and  regain- 
ing its  former  prestige. 

THE    AVON    DISTRICT    AGRICULTURAL    BOARD. 

The  Avon  District  Agricultural  Board  was  organized  Sept.  2, 
1871.  It  was  called  "The  Avon  Agricultural  Society."  The 
grounds  were  first  used  for  holding  stock  sales,  whi(!h  were  done 
away  with  in  1874  or  187o.  The  first  fair  was  held  Sept.  29,  ;>0, 
Oct.  1  and  2,  1872,  with  L.  F.  Ross  as  President,  A.  H.  Tompkins, 
Treasurer,  and  A.  J.  Churchill,  Secretary.  Considering  that  this 
was  the  inaugural  fair,  it  was  a  success  in  every  respect.  In  1877 
the  Society  changed  its  name  from  ''  The  Avon  Ag!-icidtural  Society  " 
to  that  of  "  The  Avon  District  Agricultural  Boai-d."  By  so  doing 
they  are  entitled  to  the  $100  offered  by  the  State  for  each  successful 
fair  held  within  the  State.  The  following  are  the  gross  receipts  of 
each  year:  1872,  §965.80;  1873,  §2,615.96;  1874,  82,461.45; 
1875,  $2,893.15;  1876,S3,lO0..38  ;  1877,  $3,324.42  ;  1878,  §2,949.44; 
1879,  $3,468. 


i028  HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

The  last  f.iir  was  the  most  suecessfal  of  all  held  by  this  Board. 
The  gat3  recaipts  wzre  S1,5S5  ia  one  d.iy.  Tiie  Sjciety  is  entirely 
out  ot'  debt,  aud  inDre  than  this,  it  has  a  neat  little  sum  in  the 
treasury.  Surely,  this  is  an  institution  of  Nyhich  Fulton  county 
may  justly  be  proud. 

EEMINISCENCES. 

Wm.  H.  Smith.  Henry  Smith,  my  father,  Ayas  a  natiye  of  Prus- 
sia, and  born  July  4th,  1777;  emigrated  to  the  U.  S.  aud  landed 
at  Baltimore  July  4,  1790,  amid  the  roar  and  sound  of  cannon  and 
music,  celebrating  the  day  that  gave  birth  to  our  National  Indepen- 
dence. A  very  short  time  after  landing;  here  in  walking  along:  some 
of  the  roads  in  or  about  Georgetown,  some  elderly  gentleman  came 
riding  by,  and  a  putf  of  wind  blew  the  gentleman's  hat  otf  and  over 
the  fence;  my  father  jumped  the  fence,  got  the  hat  and  gave  it  to 
its  owner,  upon  which  the  gentleman  gave  him  a  suver  dollar. 
Upon  arriving  at  the  inn,  father  made  inquiry  who  the  gentleman 
Avas  that  was  so  generous  and  liberal  in  giving  so  much  for  so  small 
a  favor,  and  was  told   that  it  was  General   Washington. 

The  first  day  of  May,  1837,  I  took  leave  of  my  old  native  town, 
foot  and  alone,  to  seek  my  fortune  in  Illinois.  I  traveled  over  200 
miles  afoot.  After  I  hacl  made  up  my  mind  to  go  West  my  brother- 
in-law,  George  Glassford,  concluded  to  go  too,  and  as  he  would  go 
through  to  Wheeling  by  stage  (no  railroads  then)  and  me  afoot,  we 
made  calculation  on  time  and  distance.  We  met  there,  and  a  steam 
boat,  Swiss  Boy,  was  laying  at  the  wharf  with  steam  up ;  we  took 
this  for  Peoria.  We  reached  Peoria  in  due  time  and  I  tried  to  get 
employment  in  a  mill,  but  there  was  none  there  at  that  time.  The 
place  was  quite  small.  Th^  court-house  apparently  stood  back  of 
town,  and  you  had  to  travel  quite  a  distance  through  the  wild 
prairie  grass,  to  reach  the  Blutf.  Finally  there  was  an  old  man  by 
the  name  of  Davis  came  to  town  hunting  a  few  hands  to  work  on  a 
brick  yard,  and  I  engaged  to  him.  After  running  a  while  in  con- 
nection  with  Mr.  D.,  making  brick,  a  Mr.  Hamlin  &  Knowlan,  of 
Peoria,  bought  of  Brook  ti:  Cogswell,  of  Canton,  a  steam  mill  in 
Utica,  Fulton  Co.,  and  knowing  I  had  been  hunting  a  berth  in  a 
mill,  hunted  me  up  and  finally  hired  to  them.  I  left  the  brick  yard 
on  the  ■i8th  day  of  August,  1837,  took  passage  on  a  steam  boat,  and 
came  ashore  at  Copperas  Creek  Landing.  There  was  a  little  one- 
storv  log  cabin  on  the  bank,  which  was  used  as  a  kind  of  a  ware- 
house;  was  all  the  house  that  I  recollect  of  seeing  there  then.  I 
started  afoot  on  the  road,  meandering  along  the  creek  for  Utica, 
and  arrived  there  about  the  middle  of  the  afternoon ;  took  charge 
of  the  steam  mill  the  next  morning.  Mills  were  not  very  plenty 
and  some  that  run  by  water  would  dry  up,  consequently  our  mill 
was  crowded ;  they  came  a  great  distance  and  sometimes  waited  over 
a  week  for  their  turn.  In  a  few  days  Mr.  Knowlan  came  down 
looking  around   to   see   how  things  Avere  going.     I    was   grinding 


HISTORY   OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1029 

corn,  trying;  to  make  good  meal,  according  to  mv  Virginia  stvle, 
Mr.  K.  felt  of  it,  looked  up  to  me  and  says:  "  By  G— d,  Billy, 
you  will  spile  these  Suckers ;  they  aint  used  to  such  meal  as  that ; 
role  it  out  like  h — II."  I  worked  for  them  in  the  mill  until  the 
fall  of  1838,  when  nivself  and  Israel  Mvler  rented  the  mill  for  a 
few  months,  and  in  the  spring  of  1839  I  rented  it  alone  and  fitted 
up  a  distillery  that  was  connected  with  the  mill.  On  Christmas  of 
1837  or  '38,  I  don't  recollect  now,  I  was  invited  to  a  quilting  party 
at  Thomas  T.  Bybee's,  I  attended  and  there  became  acquainted  with 
my  first  and  second  wives. 

In  the  spring  of  1840  Captain  Jones  Rawalt  and  myself  conclud- 
ed to  load  a  cinal-boat  that  John  A.  Jones  owned,  with  such  pro- 
ducts as  we  had  on  hand  and  could  obtain,  such  as  pork,  grain,  pota- 
toes, etc.,  and  float  down  the  river  until  we  found  sale.  After  we 
had  our  load  aboard  Mr.  Rawalt  sold  to  me.  I  reached  Alton  after 
a  very  long,  rough  voyage,  and  sold  part  of  my  cargo,  and  the  rest 
stored  there  and  visited  my  old  home,  but  returned  to  Illinois  with- 
in a  few  weeks. 

In  those  days  I  thought  Utica  was  the  greatest  place  in  the 
county.  We  had  a  steam  grist-mill,  a  distillery,  a  grist  and  saw- 
mill run  by  water  power,  two  stores,  grocery,  coopershops,  wagon 
shops,  blacksmith  shops,  etc.,  etc.,  and  we  could,  and  did  get  up  the 
biggest  Fourth  of  July  celebration  in  the  county ;  have  the  best 
liberty  pole ;  a  cannon  to  burn  powder  and  have  a  free  dinner  and 
ask  all  to  join  with  us  in  the  festivities  and  celebration;  Ave  had  our 
uniform  company,  armed  and  equipped.  AVm.  C.  Ivillsa  was 
our  Captain.     I  engaged  in  mercantile  business  there. 

In  the  spring  of  1840  or  '41  there  came  to  Utica  three  men  by 
the  name  of  Hale,  Thompson  and  Miller.  Miller  was  hired  to  teach 
a  school.  Hale  and  Thompson  rented  th*^  steam  grist-mill  and  dis- 
tillery. They  seemed  to  make  considerable  show,  fixing  up  the  mill, 
buying  grain,  etc.  They  went  in  debt  for  everything,  saying  they 
would  pay  as  soon  as  they  got  some  drafts  exchanged,  as  it  could 
not  be  done  here;  finally  Messrs.  Graham  &  Snyder,  of  Canton, 
bought  one  of  their  drafts,  paid  some  goods  and  balance  in  money. 
As  soon  as  thev  got  the  monev  thev  made  excuse  now  that  thev  would 
look  around  and  buy  some  cattle  to  feed  their  still-slop,  etc.,  but 
their  intention  was  to  leave.  I  saw  all  was  not  right  and  followed 
Thompson  to  John  Coleman's,  in  Canton,  took  Thompson  one  side, 
told  him  my  fears  and  I  wanted  ray  pay  or  some  assurance  as  I  did 
not  believe  he  would  come  back ;  well,  they  had  bought  several 
hundred  bushel  of  grain,  but  never  paid  for  it;  they,  however,  gave 
me  a  lien  on  the  grain  to  secure  me  :  thev  left,  owing  John  Coleman 
considerable  and  he  attached  this  grain  and  this  brought  me  in  the 
first  law  suit  I  ever  had,  with  a  man  too  that  was  posted  in  law.  I 
beat  him  before  a  justice,  Fairchild  by  name;  he  appealed;  finally 
compromised;  gave  him  a  part  of  the  grain  ;  he  paying  all  the  cost. 
Miller,  the  school  teacher,  was  never  heard  from.     John  G.  Gra- 


10;i()  HISTOHV    OK    FUI/roK    COUNTY. 

liani  or  Snyder,  followed  Thompson,  overtook  him  near  the  State- 
line  ot"  Indiana,  bron^ht  him  l)aek;  he  gave  up  all  he  had  and  was 
let  go.  After  telling  where  Hale,  his  partner  was,  parties  went  in 
pursuit  of  Hale ;  found  him  living  on  Fox  river ;  his  right  name 
being  Chandler;  he  was  brought  back,  had  a  preliminary  trial;  in 
defoult  of  l)ail  was  sent  to  jail.  He  was  taken  to  Lewistown  hand- 
cuiFed,  night  overtook  them  and  he  made  his  escape ;  the  handcuffs 
being  found  near  Utica,  it  was  supposed  he  had  found  some  friend 
there  to  assist  him.  It  was  supposed  and  really  understood  that  the 
|)arties,  who  was  imposed  on  by  the  forged  drafts,  had  been  made 
good,  and  the  prisoner  given  a  chance  to  make  his  esca])e. 

There  was  a  grist  and  saw-mill  in  Utica  built,  I  believe,  by  a  Mr. 
Clark,  some  several  years  before  I  come  to  the  county,  owned  by 
Theopolis  Kirk,  and  rented  to  Samuel  Myers  and  AVm.  Enochs.  It 
did  considerable  business ;  afterward  I  rented  the  mill,  refitted  it, 
but  run  it  but  a  short  time  and  sold  out  to  other  parties. 

My  land  was  surrounded  with  a  very  heavy  growth  of  the  finest 
timber  I  ever  saw,  being  clustered  up  with  grape  vines,  that  some- 
time we  would  have  to  cut  several  trees  before  we  could  make  them 
fall  to  the  ground  ;  all  this  together  with  the  decaying  vegetation  in 
the  fall  of  year  and  the  musquitoes.  Oh  !  my,  it  makes  me  shudder 
to  think  back,  what  I  have  had  to  endure  among  all  these  pests ; 
whv,  sir !  I  have  had  mv  corn  torn  down  bv  the  raccoons ;  vou 
would  have  thought  a  drove  of  hogs  were  in  the  field;  I  have  had  it 
badly  eaten  by  squirrels.  They  would  be  in  droves  so  thick  some- 
times that  I  have  seen  forty  or  fifty  on  some  of  the  dead  trees 
through  the  field;  blackbirds  were  terrible,  we  had  to  watch  and 
scare  them  oflf'as  they  passed  from  the  bottoms,  their  roosting  place, 
in  the  morning  and  back  in  the  evening,  and  unless  you  watched 
your  crop  they  would  tear  open,  eat  and  destroy  your  crops.  Before 
going  on  my  place  I  tried  to  get  a  location  at  the  Landing  on  the 
river;  the  little  log  warehouse  I  spoke  of  before  on  my  landing  here 
from  Peoria,  belonged  to  Ira  Mills,  he  did  not  seem  to  do  much, 
still  I  knew  that  all  the  goods  and  wants  of  the  country  from  abroad 
and  all  our  surplus  [)roducts  must  either  be  shi])ped  in  or  out  by  the 
Illinois  river,  and  I  thought  I  could  build  up  a  good  business  at  the 
Landing.  I  made  a  pnqxtsition  to  Mr.  ]\Iills  to  buy  so  much  ground 
and  give  him  a  horse  and  buggy  for  a  lot,  and  rent  his  warehouse 
and  ground  for  five  years,  to  pay  the  rent  in  building  on  the  prem- 
ises, but  he  was  one  of  those  kind  of  men  that  would  do  nothing, 
and  not  let  any  one  else.  Failing  in  this  enterprise  I  moved  on  my 
])lace  ;  immediately  after  this  A.  C.  Thompson  bought  lands  adjoin- 
ing ^Iv.  Mills.  Richard  Tompkins  took  charge  and  opened  u])  a 
much  better  Landing  than  Mr.  Mills,  as  his,  Mr.  Mills,  \va.s  nearer 
the  mouth  of  the  creek  and  gradually  filling  up,  and  finally  went 
down.  Mr.  Elisha  AV.  Resor  and  Wilson  Hulit  became  interested 
in  the  other  Landing,  and  afterwards  Snider  and  Benjamin  Kawalt, 
among    them,  built   uj)  several  large  warehouses.     Mr.  Resor  and 


HISTOHV    <»K    ITI/roN    CorNTV.  ■    1081 

Hulit  o]>cnod  up  a  store,  bought  in  the  pnnUu'ts  ot"  the  eountrv, 
(lone  quite  a  large  business,  and  sometimes  there  has  been  as  high 
as  a  hundred  teams  a  day  with  loads  of  grain,  come  to  the  ware- 
house. The  year  the  cholera  raged  along  the  river,  Snider  and  Ben- 
jamin Rawalt  fell  victims  to  the  scourge.  In  the  latter  part  of 
1855  or  185G,  the  nu\in  warehouse  stored  full  of  the  ])roducts  of  the 
country,  took  tire  and  burned  down. 

In  the  s])ring  of  1850  I  commenced  building  my  mill ;  started  the 
engin"^  on  Christmas  day,  the  saw  soon  after.  The  next  spring  put 
in  a  run  of  burrs  and  after  awhile  bolts  and  another  run  of  burrs, 
etc.,  having  two  double  Hued  boilers  and  j)lenty  of  ]M)wer  to  drive 
all,  1  run  the  mill  successfully,  but  for  several  years  })ast  I  have 
not  given  it  nuich  attention,  having  Mr.  liybee's  business  to  look 
after.  I  assisted  Mr.  Bybee  in  his  business  for  many  years,  and 
the  last  few  vears  of  his  life  had  his  entire  business.  In  1842  agreed 
to  take  full  charge  of  his  atfairs.  He  selected  me  some  years  ago, 
if  I  should  outlive  him,  to  settle  up  his  esta+e.  On  the  4th  of  Oct., 
1877,  he  died.  I  gave  bond  of  §400,000;  took  charge  of  the  estate, 
his  personal  and  real  ])roperty  footed  up  to  §281,000.  I  distributed 
among  the  heirs  in  the  month  of  January  following,  §175,000,  and 
made  some  advances  since,  and  the  two  years  has  just  passed  since 
I  took  out  letters,  the  time  allowed  in  settling  up  the  estate.  I 
have  the  balance  in  shape  according  to  agreement  with  heirs  to  pass 
over  to  them  in  a  few  days.  This  is  the  largest  estate  ever  j)robated 
in  Fulton  Co.  and  so  arranged  as  to  be  settled   U])  in  the  two  years. 

Richard  Hall  relates  quite  an  interesting  incident  of  "  Wester- 
field's  defeat."  He  and  his  brother-in-law,  Joe  Hedge,  started 
from  near  Havana  to  go  to  Lewistown  by  way  of  Waterford. 
Seeinij  a  team  al)out  readv  to  cross  bv  the  ferrv  at  the  Illinois  river, 
they  recjuested  the  ferryman  to  pull  across,  when  Mr.  Wentworth, 
who  owned  the  team,  asked  Dick  (Richard  Hall)  to  ride  and  drive 
while  the  other  two  walked.  When  half-way  to  Waterford  they 
noticed  a  man  dodging  in  and  out  of  the  bushes  near  the  road  as 
though  he  was  trying  to  see  and  not  be  seen.  The  })arty  made 
some  remarks  about  it,  but  concluded  he  was  looking  for  bees,  or 
hunting.  He  finally  came  uj)  to  them,  but  had  evidently  thought 
they  were  Indians.  His  nanu>  was  David  Fonts.  He  said,  "  boys, 
you  had  l)etter  be  going  to  the  other  end  of  the  roads,  for,  he  said, 
the  Indians  were  killing  every  one  in  the  town  of  Canton."  He 
himself  heard  the  screaming  and  yelling  of  the  women  and  children, 
and  knew  that  every  white  human  was  being  murdered.  Mr.  Hall 
and  party,  however,  kept  on.  They  next  met  T^ouis  Winans  with 
two  yoke  of  oxen  hitched  to  a  sled  on  w  liich  was  a  bureau,  bed- 
ding and  his  family,  with  two  l)oys  plodding  along  in  the  road  be- 
hind, while  he  was  urging  the  oxen  by  whijiand  speech  continually. 
Thev  next  met  John  Pixlev,  with  one  voke  of  oxen  hitched  to  a 
sled,  on  which  were  his  wife  and  some  children,  while  others  walked. 
Pixley,  while  on  his  retreat,  picked  up  a  son  of  John  Coleman  who 
had  been  deserted  by  his  father,  and  took  him  to  Havana. 


10.'^2  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

Richard  Hall  on  this  trip  came  throutrh  Thompson's  Prairie,  went 
up  to  a  log  cabin  owned  by  a  Mr.  Thompson,  and  noticing  quite  a 
stir,  asked  what  was  up.  They  explained  that  the  Indians  were 
coming,  and  they  were  fixing  up  a  fort.  This  cabin  was  about 
12x14  feet  in  size,  and  a  few  good  men  with  handspikes  could  have 
upset  it. 

One  of  the  neighbors  of  Elijah  AVillcoxen,  by  the  name  of  Farris, 
during  the  Westerfield  Indian  scare,  while  fleeing  with  her  children, 
was  encumbered  by  a  babe,  which  she  was  obliged  to  abandon  in 
order  to  escape  with  the  rest.  She  afterwards  recovered  the  child, 
however. 

It  is  related  that  one  of  the  primary  causes  of  the  Black  Hawk 
war  was  from  an  incident  that  happened  in  Liverpool  tp.  Joseph 
Farris,  Asa  Smith,  and  Bird  Ellis,  while  out  hunting,  espied  a 
young  Indian,  caught  him,  cut  switches  and  whipped  him  with  them. 
He  attempted  to  escape  and  while  doing  so  one  of  the  party  struck 
him  on  the  head  with  "U  gun,  and  they  left  him  near  the  Indian 
camp.  He  recovered  so  as  to  get  to  his  friends,  bnt  died  jn<t  as 
they  arrived  at  Peoria,  where  they  had  carried  him  on  a  litter. 
From  this  and  other  incidents  was  the  cause  of  the  Black  Hawk 
war,  in  which  so  many  innocent  lives  were  lost. 

J//-.S.  Adeline  Ray,  daughter  of  Elij  ih  AVillcoxen,  tells  of  an  in- 
cident that  happened  to  her  father  during  the  winter  of  the  big 
snow.  He  started  out  on  a  hunt  and  was  obliired  to  wear  larire 
snow  shoes,  16  inches  wide  by  2  or  3  feet  long.  While  going  over 
a  large  drift  he  made  a  misstep,  and  fell  head  first  into  the  snow. 
Nothing  remained  in  sight  but  his  feet  and  the  big  snow  shoes. 
As  fast  as  he  would  try  to  get  up  the  snow  would  break  away  and 
let  his  head  and  shoulders  down  deeper  than  ever.  He  finally  suc- 
ceeded in  getting  his  knife  out  and  cutting  the  snow  shoes  from  his 
feet  and  extricated  himself,  but  came  ])retty  near  being  "drowned 
in  the  snow." 

Mrs.  Rav  savs  the  Nvhole  settlement  Avas  almost  like  one  familv, 
kind,  hospitable  and  honest,  always  ready  to  help  one  another.  She 
can  remember  of  seeing  deer  in  herds  of  1  o  to  20  at  a  time. 

"  FULTON    COUNTY." 

The  following;  pssny  was  delivered  by  Miss  Emma  Williams  at  the  graduating 
exercises  of  tlie  Canton  High  School  in  1874: 

Feeling  that  our  county  is  not  appreciated  as  it  should  be,  I  have 
undertaken  to  give  a  short  description  of  it.  Being  our  home,  we 
cannot  but  feel  some  interest  in  it,  and  it  is  to  our  advantage  to 
know  what  it  contains,  and  what  has  been  done,  and  what  is  the 
best  mode  of  improving  it.  It  was  originally  a  part  of  Pike 
county;  was  organized  Jan.  28,  1823,  and  has  from  its  earliest  his- 
tory manifested  great  industry  and  improvement.  It  is  triangular 
in  shape,  9  to  36  miles  long  from  north  to  south,  14  to  20  east  and 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1033 

west,  and  consists  of  26  organized  townships,  and  in  1870  contained 
a  population  of  38,000. 

It  has  many  natural  advantages,  such  as  being  well  watered; 
plenty  of  timber;  rich  fertile  soil;  and  accessible  to  market  by  the 
Illinois  river,  which  is  now  being  much  improved  by  the  building 
of  the  Copperas  creek  dam.  This  when  c()mj)lcted  will  give  those 
of  the  southern  part  of  the  county  greater  facilities  for  shii)])ing 
their  produce  to  the  great  markets  of  Clii(!ago  and  St.  Louis  by 
water  transportation,  which  was  in  the  early  days  of  the  county  the 
only  means  of  transportation.  The  surface  of  the  county  consists 
of  undulating  and  highly  cultivated  prairies,  diversified  with  excel- 
lent timber.  It  was  originally  nearly  equally  divided  between  prai- 
rie and  timber  land.  But  a  large  portion  of  this  timber  has  been 
cleared  away  in  developing  the  agricuiltural  interests  of  the  county, 
and  splendid  farms  now  occupy  places  which  but  a  few  years  ago 
were  covered  with  a  dense  forest. 

There  is  considerable  variety  in  the  soils  of  this  county,  though 
there  are  none  so  poor  that  they  will  not  produce  fair  crops  of  the 
cereals  grown  in  this  region  when  properly  cultivated.  The  most 
productive  soils  are  those  covering  the  prairie  laud  which  are  a 
chocolate  brown,  rich  in  organic  matter  and  jn'oduce  very  large 
crops.  The  poorest  lands  are  the  white  oak  ridges  that  skirt  the 
borders  of  sm.iU  streams,  but  they  will  yield  fair  crops,  and  are 
equal,  if  not  superior,  to  the  prairie  land  for  the  growth  of  fruit. 

Sand  and  clay  for  m  dving  brick  are  found  abundantly  distributed 
in  every  neighborhood  and  on  almost  every  farm  in  the  county. 
The  soil  of  the  prairies  furnish  abundant  of  brown  clay,  which, 
when  mingled  with  sand  found  in  the  beds  of  streams,  forms  excel- 
lent material  for  this  purpose. 

Nearly  all  the  uplands  of  the  county  are  underlaid  with  coal. 
The  most  complete  expanse  of  the  productive  coal-measures  that 
have  been  discovered  in  the  State  is  found  here.  Several  strata,  all 
of  which  have  been  worked  to  a  greater  or  less  extent,  have  been 
discovered.  It  is  so  abundant  in  many  places  just  beneath  the  sur- 
face that  with  but  little  elVort  it  may  be  <juite  easily  obtained,  and  it 
is  so  distributed  as  to  be  accessible  to  any  j^ortion  of  the  county. 
The  strata  comprising  numbers  one,  two  and  three,  outcrop  on  all 
the  streams  in  the  south  and  west  portion,  and  is  of  great  value  to 
South  Fulton,  while  strata  numbers  four  and  six,  the  most  valuable 
in  the  northern  portion  of  the  vState,  underlies  nearly  seven  town- 
ships in  the  county,  equal  to  n(\irly  9,000,000  tons  of  coal  to  the 
square  mile. 

The  mining  and  ship])ing  of  coal  in  our  county  will  compare 
favorably  with  any  in  the  State.  It  is  equal  in  (piality  to  any  in  the 
West,  and  will  answer  most  all  j)urposes  for  which  coal  is  used. 

A  good  (juality  of  fire-clay  has  been  found  in  the  vicinity  of 
Marietta,  from  two  to  three  feet  in  thickness  and  will  be  quite 
valuable  in  course  of  a  few  years  in  making  fire-brick. 


10;U  HISTORY    OF    FT'LTON    COUNTY. 

A  fiiH'  (luality  of  sandstone  is  heinj;  extensively  worked  on  Spoon 
river  which  is  (|uite  vahiable  for  building  purposes. 

Between  Seville  and  J^ernadotte  there  has  been  found  extensive 
beds  of  St.  Louis  limestone,  which  forms  material  for  making  the 
purest  and  whitest  made  in  the  State.  Our  mineral  resources  are 
being  more  fully  developed  every  year.  In  fact  our  county  may  i)e 
called  a  mine  of  wealth. 

Our  railroad  facilities  are  very  good.  The  Buda  &  Rushville 
branch  of  the  Chicago,  ]5urlington  &  Quincy  railroad  passes  through 
from  the  north  to  the  southwest  part  of  the  county,  and  the  main 
line  intersects  the  northwest  corner  of  the  county.  The  Toledo, 
Peoria  c^'  Warsaw  crosses  from  east  to  west  nearly  through  the 
center  of  the  county,  and  the  Rockford,  Rock  Island  &  St.  Louis 
railroad  through  the  southwestern  part,  affording  us  good  shipping 
facilities  for  our  surplus  jn'oducc. 

The  educational  udvanttiues  arc  certainlv  worth  mentioning;. 
Great  improvements  have  been  made  in  the  Public  School  system 
within  the  past  twenty  years.  Every  parent  recognizing  the  just, 
moral  claim  of  every  child  to  an  education,  feels  the  importance  and 
dignity  of  his  obligations,  and  upright  and  loyal  citizen,  to  make 
equal  provision  for  all. 

We  have  a  number  of  fine  churches  of  most  every  denomination, 
and  different  societies,  as  Masonic  fraternity,  Odd  Fellows,  Good 
Templars  and  many  (tthcr,  seqm  to  be  in  a  flourising  condition. 

J  might  mention  the  benevolent  societies.  Where  is  there  a 
county  which  makes  greater  efforts  to  provide  for  her  poor  and 
needy  than  our  own  ?  All  seem  to  be  ready  to  give  a  helping  hand 
to  assist  those  who  arc  destitute  of  the  many  comforts  of  life. 

There  is  also  several  weekly  ncwsj)apers  published  in  our  county, 
three  of  which  are  ])ublishcd  in  our  own  citv.  Besides  these  there 
are  in  operation  some  very  large  woolen  mills,  wagon  sho])S,  etc. 
The  plow  and  cultivator  factory  of  Canton  is  one  of  the  most  exten- 
sive of  the  State. 

The  future  for  Fultt)n  county  looks  bright.  In  what  direction 
can  you  turn  and  ])oint  out  to  us  a  county  containing  better  advant- 
ages than  we  ])Ossess  for  manufacturing,  mining  and  the  general 
pursuits  of  life. 

Jjt't  the  idea  be  fully  realized  that  thousands  of  dollars  lie 
buried  within  a  few  feet  of  the  surface  of  the  ground  and  some  one 
will  devise  plans  and  means  for  rendering  it  available.  We  have  a 
number  of  manufactories  but  need  more  to  use  our  undeveloj)ed  re- 
sources, '^riie  industry  of  the  past  is  but  an  earnest  of  the  speedy 
accomplishment  of  the  present  and  f"uture.  It  is  (piite  im])ortant 
that  every  citizen,  either  as  an  economist  or  tax-payer,  shoidd  call 
for  an  inventory  of  the  mineral  wealth  of  the  county,  to  show  the 
advantage  we  have  for  manufacturiny;.  A  thorouirh  survev  of  the 
county  at  the  present  time  when  ca])ital  is  l)eginning  to  seek  invest- 
ment would  be  of  great  value. 


HISTORY   OF   FULTON    COUNTY.  1035 

Farmers  have  paid  for  their  lands,  nu'clianios  are  Imildiiifi-  tlieir 
houses  and  will  soon  have  surplus  means  that  will  seek  employ- 
ment within  (Hir  borders.  If  not  invested  here  it  will  be  elsewhere 
and  some  reliable  data  must  be  furnished  to  convince  caj)ital  that 
there  is  a  sul)stantial  basis  for  its  investment  here,  and  nothing  can 
do  this  more  eflieiently  than  a  thorouo-h  survey  under  the  aus])ices 
of  the  county  o<)vernment.  When  we  can  do  this,  our  wealth  is 
sure,  and  Fulton  county  will  rank  one  of  the  first  in  the  State. 

.MIS(  KLLA  N  K(  )UR    BIOC  R  A  PIT  I  KS. 

Williani  Bot/d,  Lewlstown.  His  father,  John  and  his  mother  Ann 
Boyd,  nee  Tagirert,  wore  natives  of  Ireland,  Wm.  was  born  in 
Antrim  Co.,  near  Giant's  Causeway,  Ire.,  Aug.  1,  1880;  came  to 
America  in  1842  and  stopped  in  Wayne  Co.,  (),,  where  he  lived  till 
1849;  learned  shoe-making  and  went  to  Columbus,  (),,  where  he  re- 
sided till  the  s[)ring  of  ISoT,  when  he  came  to  Lewistown.  A\'hile 
in  Columbus  he  married  Sarah  L.  Miner  and  they  have  4  children  : 
Carrie  F.,  Ida  P.,  Grace  G.,  and  Williard  A.  During  the  dark  days 
of  the  Rebellion  lie  enlisted  in  Co.  H,  lOMrd  111.  Inf.,  as  1st  Lieut., 
and  was  promoted  to  Capt.  and  served  2^.  years.  He  is  a  member 
of  the  Prcsbvterian  Church. 

Calvin  G.  Breed,  deceased,  was  a  carpenter  and  farnier,  sec.  36, 
Canton  tp. ;  was  born  at  Stonington,  Conn.,  Aug.  22,  1808,  son  of 
Jesse  and  Hannah  Breed;  came  to  this  county  in  1836  ;  for  his  first 
wife  he  married  Harriet  Potter  Jan.  21,  1838,  and  for  his  second, 
Mary  A.  Brown  April  18,  1852;  had  6  children,  5  of  whom  are  liv- 
ing,—Henrv,  born  Nov.  16,  1838;  Frank,  Jan.  26,  1840;  Angeline, 
July  22,  1843;  Jesse,  Dec.  30,  1845;  Mav  A.,  Oct.  10,  1853;  and 
Adda,  Oct.  16,  1860.  Mr.  Breed  died  Oct.  11,  1872,  owning  900 
acres  of  land.     We  give  his  portrait  in  this  volume. 

Thoiii'i^  T.  Bifbec,  deceased,  whose  portrait  appears  in  this  vol- 
ume, was  born  in  Kentucky,  Sept.  20,  1798;  at  quite  an  early  age 
married  a  Miss  Hagan  ;  was  (piite  a  wild  lad,  and  on  the  occasion  of 
his  marriage  was  short  of  the  necessary  means  to  get  his  license,  etc., 
so  he  asked  his  father  to  loan  him  fivedollai-s  for  a  short  time,  offer- 
ing to  return  it  again  soon,  but  his  father  having  little  confidence  in 
his  son  Thomas,  refusi'd,  telling  him  at  the  same  time  that  he  would 
never  be  worth  a  damn.  By  his  first  wife  he  had  two  sons,  David 
and  James.  His  wifi'  died  and  he  married  Debbie  dennings  bv 
name,  who  had  two  sons,  Hlijah  and  James  Jennings.  By  this  mar- 
riage was  born  to  them  two  daughters,  Lovina  and  Mary  A.  In 
the  fall  of  1829  moved  to  I'^ulton  Co.,  canijx'd  the  first  winter  on 
the  bluft'  near  Jacob  A[aus',  and  next  spring  moved  out  on  the  south 
end  of  the  land  he  owned,  near  where  John  Snider  now  lives.  In 
1837  or  '38  he  built  a  new  house  and  moved  therein,  in  which  he 
died.  On  the  8th  day  of  April,  1872,  Mr.  Bybee's  second  wife  died, 
and  on  the  24tli  day  of  August,  1873,  he  married  his  third  wife, 
Matilda  S.  Smith,  and  on  the  4th  of  Oct.  1877,  Mr.   Bybee  died, 


1036  HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY. 

havinjr  had  a  stroke  of  paralysis,  ^[r.  Byboe  was  a  man  of  great 
strength  and  action,  sni.iU,  Ijut  scrutinizing  eyes,  very  quick  of  per- 
ception, would  show  his  friendship  or  hostility  in  the  twinkling  of 
an  eye,  and  sometimes  rashly  Hy  into  a  passion  and  abuse  his  best 
friends,  when  there  was  nothing  to  justify  iiim  in  so  doing,  but  his 
disposition  was  to  soon  get  over  it  and  sometimes  shed  tears  that  he 
had  suffered  his  passion  to  go  so  far.  Mr.  Bybee  was  very  close  in 
all  his  dealings,  saving  and  economizing  in  every  particular;  had  no 
education ;  could  not  read  and  could  barely  write  his  name,  but  he 
was  a  man  of  great  memory.  About  twenty -five  years  ago  Mr. 
Bybee  had  but  little  wealth,  comparatively  speaking,  but  after  his 
death,  Mr.  Wm.  H.  Smith,  his  executor,  in  making  an  inventory  of 
his  effects,  real  and  personal,  found  them  to  be  worth  §281,000. 

Peter  Yerger  Cusfor.  Teacher,  manufacturer,  farmer,  etc.,  now  on 
sec.  26,  Canton  township;  P.  O.,  Canton;  was  born  in  Pennsyl- 
vania July  31,  1818,  son  of  Jacob  and  Catharine  Custer.  This 
name  is  from-  the  Holland  Dutch  Kutzer,  equal  to  Chester  in 
English.  Forefathers  were  Mennonites  who  settled  in  Eastern 
Pennsylvania.  His  uncle,  Anthony  Custer,  owns  the  old  home- 
stead, which  has  never  been  sold  since  it  was  patented  to  this  family 
by  Wm.  Penn,  but  has  descended  by  entailment.  The  subject  of 
this  paragraph  was  educated  at  Washington  Hall  Seminary,  Trappe, 
Montgomery  Co.,  Pa. ;  Sept.  21,  1841,  he  married  Hannah  Albright, 
and  thev  have  had  5  bovs  and  4  girls,  6  of  whom  are  living: 
Emanuel,  born  June  21, 1842  ;  Emma,  Oct.  8, 1844  ;  Jacob,  Aug.  10, 
1849;  Horace,  Mav  26,  18ol ;  Peter,  Sept.  10,  1852;  Catharine, 
Nov.  7,  185-;  Heiiry,  Nov.  29,  1860.  Mr.  Custer  has  owned  80 
acres  of  land,  which  he  sold  at  SlOO  ])er  acre  ;  has  been  Commis- 
sioner of  Highways.     His  portrait  appears  in  this  History. 

ThoTiuLH  P.  Duncan  was  born  in  1824  in  Pa.,  son  of  George  and 
and  Elizabeth  (Primrose)  Duncan,  natives  of  Scotland,  both  deceased. 
They  came  first  to  Wayne  Co.,  HI.,  and  then  in  1836  to  Fulton  Co. 
Here,  in  Isabel  tp.,  Thomas  P.  has  toih-d  for  many  a  year  as  a 
farmer  and  miller,  and  has  now  a  comfortable  home  on  260  acres  of 
land.  He  has  ever  been  an  eminent  business  man.  Of  the  enor- 
mous growth  of  timber  on  this  farm  since  1846  we  have  already 
written.  This  gentleman  is  the  founder  of  Duncan  C'ity,  and  his 
brother  John  was  the  first  Postmaster  of  "  Duncan  Mills"  at  this 
point.  Thomas  P.  Duncan  married  Laura  Freeman,  a  native  of 
New  York,  and  they  have  had  7  children. 

Jamci  Main,  blacksmith,  was  born  at  Red  Mills,  X.  Y.,  in  1838, 
.son  of  Robert  and  Margaret  Main,  natives  of  New  York.  He 
came  to  Hlinois  in  185-j  and  finally  located  at  Duncan  City.  He 
can  make  as  good  a  wagon  as  any  one  in  the  State.  He  has 
traveled  a  great  deal  in  former  years,  and  one  time  he  was  in  a 
storm  on  lake  Eric  for  6  days. 

John  McDer/nott,  employee  on  C,  B.  &  Q.  R.  R.,  Yates  City,  was 
born  Nov.  25,  1850,  in  the  State  of  New  York,  son  of  Reinhard 


HISTORY    OF    FULTON    COUNTY.  1037 

McDermott,  a  ma.'^on  wlio  came  from  Irelan<l,  and  marriocl  Man- 
Ann  Hagan  in  New  York,  al.so  a  native  of  Irelaml.  Of  their  3 
children  John  was  the  2d,  who  was  first  a  farmer,  then  came  to 
Pekin,  and  enjxaged  in  railroading.  He  was  very  young  when  his 
father  died,  and  he  early  learned  to  manage  for  himself. 

Edward  Sayrc,  Lewistown,  was  born  in  Elizabeth,  X.  J.,  July  'l^i, 
1813,  the  son  of  Nathan  and  Abagail  (Southwell)  Sayre,  natives  of 
New  Jersey.  Mr.  S.  lived  there  until  April  27.  1840,  when  he 
came  to  Fulton  Co.  and  located  near  Ellisville.  He  came  west  in 
company  with  Judge  H.  ^I.  Wcad,  a  companion  in  X.  J.  Years 
l)assed  and  these  two  young  men  grew  to  prominence,  and  when 
Mr.  Wead  was  elected  Judge,  Mr.  S.  ran  on  the  same  ticket  for 
Circuit  Clerk.  Judge  Wead  left  Lewistown  in  1854,  went  to 
Peoria  and  died.  Mr.  S.  went  to  Otto  where  he  engaired  in  milling, 
merchandising  and  farming  for  9  years.  In  1852  he  was  elected 
Circuit  Clerk  and  moved  to  I^ewistown  where  he  has  since  resided. 
He  was  re-elected  to  that  office  in  185G,  and  is  to-day  one  of  the 
best  posted  men  on  judicial,  official  and  general  historical  happen- 
ings of  any  man  in  the  county.  He  was  elected  to  the  Legislature 
in  1840,  and  was  in  the  important  sessions  that  framed  the  new 
laws  of  the  Constitution  of  '48.  He  married  Jan.  27,  18G4,  Mary 
M.  Lillv,  of  Lexington,  Kv.     Thev  have  3  children. 

Elder  Henry  Srnifher,  Table  Grove,  ^^inister  of  the  Christian 
Church,  was  born  April  4,  183(),  in  Owen  Co.,  Ky. ;  came  to 
Schuyler  Co.,  111.,  in  1851,  and  to  Fulton  Co.  in  1858;  was  edu- 
cated at  Berean  College,  Jacksonville,  III.,  and  at  Normal,  111. ; 
studied  law  under  Judge  P.  H.  Walker  at  Rushville,  and  admitted 
to  the  Bar  in  18G7  ;  was  Supt.  of  Schools  of  Schuyler  Co.,  18<j2-4  ; 
married  Jude  Patterson,  at  Rushville,  Jan.  2<),  1870,  and  has  had 
one  boy  and  one  girl,' only  the  former  living,  who  was  born  Aug. 
30,  1877.  His  parents  were  NVm.  H.  and  Emily  (Alsop)  Smither, 
natives  of  Kentucky.  For  years  he  was  Pastor  of  the  Christian 
Churches  at  Vermont  and  Table  Grove. 

John  A.  Webster,  Vermont,  was  born  in  Virginia,  May  4,  1814, 
son  of  Heurv  and  Sarah  Webster;  graduated  in  a  log  school- 
house  surrounded  with  beech  trees ;  his  occupation  from  the  time 
he  was  twenty-one  years  of  age  (in  1835)  was  that  of  teaching 
school  until  he  left  Ky.  in  Oct.,  1855,  and  came  to  Vermont,  111., 
where  he  has  resided  ever  since ;  has  also  taught  several  terms  in 
Illinois;  has  filled  the  office  of  J.  P.  in  Ky. ;  the  offices  of  Collec- 
tor and  Assessor  in  Vermont  tp. ;  is  now  Town  Clerk  and  Police 
Magistrate.  He  was  married  Aug.  17,  1837,  to  Miss  Angeline 
Hanen,  in  Ky.,  she  died  shortly  after  he  emigrated  to  111.  Sept.  13, 
1859,  he  was  married  again,  to  Miss  Harriet  Plummer  of  Ky.;  she 
died  April  26,  18(33;  March  1,  1868,  he  was  again  married,  to  Mrs. 
Eliza  J.  Lindsey,  of  Vermont,  111.  He  united  with  the  Chris- 
tian Church  in  Vermont  May  8,  1862;  has  filled  in  the  Church  the 
offices  of  Deacon  and  Elder,  the  latter  of  which  offices  he  now  fills. 


Kii/roN  corNTY  \'Ai;R()\v-(;Ar(;i-;  nAii>AVAV.'=- 

This  is  purely  a  Fulton  county  enterprise,  indeed,  we  might 
justly  say  that  it  is  a  Lewistown  enterprise.  It  was  inaugurated 
and  pushed  I'orward  mostly  by  Lewistown  men  and  money.  It  has 
long  been  known  that  Havana  has  made  strenuous  efforts  to  secure 
the  grain  trade  of  Fulton  cctunty,  and  that  she  has  succeeded  most 
admirably  cannot  be  denied.  To  divert  this  trade  from  that  city 
and  bring  it  to  Lewistown  where  it  properly  belongs  is,  the  object 
of  building  this  road. 

For  several  years  the  building  of  a  railroad  extending  from  the 
river  to  Xorth  Fulton  has  been  contemplated,  and  seven  or  eight 
years  ago  a  road  known  as  the  Springtield  tt  Northwestern  R.  R. 
was  projected.  This  road  was  completed  as  far  as  Havana,  but  no 
farther.  That  enterprise  being  abandoned,  three  or  four  years  ago 
the  narrow-gauge  project  was  originated.  Considerable  talking 
was  done,  but  no  definite  action  taken  in  regard  to  the  matter  until 
October,  1878,  when  the  Fulton  County  Narrow-Gauge  Railway 
(\unpany  was  organized.  The  amount  of  $100,000  was  immedi- 
atelv  subscribed,  and  the  mad  was  soon  surveyed  and  irradiuir 
being   done.      Mr.  J.  C.  Willcoxen  is  the  ]irincij)al  contractor. 

The  >s.  (J.  road  runs  from  Havana  through  Lewistown,  Cuba  to 
Fairview,  opening  up  to  Lewistown  one  of  the  wealthiest  agricul- 
tural districts  of  the  countv.  The  main  ideas  in  favor  of  iniildini>- 
a  narrow-gauge  road  was  -that  it  could  be  i)uilt  ibr  much  less 
money,  the  running  ex])enses  would  be  nominal,  and  it  would  do 
all  the  work  required  as  well,  and  with  the  rapidity,  ease  and  com- 
fort of  a  standard-gauge.  The  road  will  cost  les.-  than  8^3,000  j)er 
mile.  It  would  have  been  in  operation  ere  this  if  the  Comj)any 
had  not  iiave  l)een  disappointed  in  securing  iron. 

Kdwin  Harris  of  Lewistown  was  chosen  the  first  President. 
Henry  Phelps  is  the  present  incumbent  of  that  position.  I.  M. 
Hummel  is  Vice-President;  Wm.  J.  Dyckes,  Secretary;  Closes 
Turner,  Treasurer;  and  Henry  Phelps,  Judge  S.  P.  Shoi)e,  John 
A.  Gray,  J.  C.  Willcoxen,  I.  M.  Hummel,  Edwin  Harris,  W.  G, 
Swartz,  D.  A.  Burgett,  Oliver  Rice,  and  I.  C.  Worley,  Directors. 


^  This  sketch  .should  have  been  inserted  in  the  chapter  on  Raihoads,  but 
was  unfortunately  overlooked  until  nftcr  that  chapter  had  pasf;ed  through  the 
press. 


DIGEST  OF  STATE  LAWS. 


LAWS. 

The  courts  recognize  two  kinds  of  law,  Statute  and  Common. 
Statute  law  is  that  which  is  enacted  by  the  Legislature.  Common 
law  consists  of  all  the  law  of  England, — whether  Statute,  or  Com- 
mon, which  was  in  force  in  that  country  at  the  time  of  our  inde- 
pendence, and  recognized  by  our  courts,  and  which  has  not  since 
been  repealed  or  disused. 

We  have  what  is  called  established  law.  For  this  branch  of 
common  law  there  is  no  authority  excepting  the  decisions  of  the 
courts;  hence  the  value  of  the  reported  decisions  which  are  pub- 
lished by  official  reporters.  The  law  presumes  that  every  body  is 
acquainted  with  it.  Mistakes  of  fact  can  be  corrected  by  the  courts, 
but  not  mistakes  of  law;  no  man  being  permitted  to  take  advantage 
of  a  mistake  of  the  law,  either  to  enforce  a  right,  or  avoid  an  obli- 
gation; for  it  would  be  dangerous  and  unwise  to  encourage  igno- 
rance of  the  law,  by  permitting  a  party  to  profit,  or  to  escape,  by  liis 
ignorance.  One  is  required  at  his  peril  to  know  the  law  of  his  own 
country. 

JURISDICTION  OF  COURTS. 

Justices  have  jurisdiction  in  all  civil  cases  on  contracts  for  the 
recovery  of  moneys  for  damages,  for  injury  to  real  property,  or  tak- 
ing, detaining,  or  injuring  personal  property;  for  rent;  for  all  cases 
to  recover  damages  done  to  real  or  personal  property,  by  railroad 
companies;  in  actions  of  replevin;  of  actions  for  damages  for  fraud; 
in  the  sale,  purchase,  or  exchange  of  personal  property,  when  the 
amount  claimed  as  due  is  not  over  $200.  They  have  also  jurisdic- 
tion in  all  cases  for  violation  of  the  ordinances  of  cities,  towns,  or 
villages.  A  justice  of  the  peace  may  orally  order  an  officer  or  a 
private  person,  to  arrest  anv  one  committing,  or  attempting  to  com- 
mit a  criminal  offense.  He  also,  upon  complaint,  can  issue  his 
warrant  for  the  arrest  of  any  person  accused  of  having  committed  a 
crime,  and  have  him  brought  before  him  for  examination. 


1040  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

t 

COINTY  COURTS 

Have  jurisdiction  in  all  matters  of  probate  (except  in  counties 
having  a  population  of  one  hnndred  thousand  or  over),  settlement 
of  estates  of  deceased  persons,  appointment  of  guardians  and  con- 
servators, and  settlements  of  their  accounts;  all  matters  relating  to 
apprentices;  proceedings  for  the  collection  of  taxes  and  assesments, 
and  in  proceedings  of  executors,  administrators,  guardians,  and 
conservators,  f«;r  the  sale  of  real  estate.  In  law  cases,  they  have 
concurrent  jurisdiction  with  Circuit  Courts  in  all  cases  where  jus- 
tices of  the  pz'ace  now  have,  or  hereafter  may  have,  jurisdiction 
when  tlie  amount  claimed  shall  not  exceed  SI, 000;  and  in  all  crim- 
inal offenses,  where  the  punishment  is  not  imprisonment  in  the  pen- 
itentiary or  death,  and  in  all  cases  of  appeals  from  justices  of  peace 
and  police  magistrates,  except  when  the  county  judge  is  sitting  as 
a  justice  of  the  peace. 

Circuit  Courts  have  unlimited  jurisdiction. 

COMMISSIOXERS  OF  HIGHWAYS. 

The  commissioners  of  highways  in  the  different  towns,  have 
the  care  and  superintendence  of  highways,  and  bridges  therein. 
They  have  the  power  to  lay  out,  vacate,  regulate  and  repair  all  roads, 
build  and  repair  bridges,  and  divide  their  respective  towns  into  as 
many  road  districts  as  they  shall  think  convenient.  This  is  to  be 
done  annually,  and  ten  days  before  the  annual  town  meeting.  In 
addition  to  the  above,  it  is  their  duty  to  erect  and  keep  in  repairs 
at  the  forks  or  crossing-place  of  the  most  important  roads,  post  and 
guide-boards,  with  plain  inscriptions,  giving  directions  and  dis- 
tances to  the  most  noted  places  to  which  such  roads  may  lead;  also 
to  make  provisions  to  prevent  thistles,  burdock,  cockle-burs,  mus- 
tard, yellow  dock,  Indian  mallow,  and  jinison  weed  from  seeding, 
and  to  extirpate  the  same  as  far  as  practicable,  and  to  prevent  all 
rank  growth  of  vegetation  on  the  public  highways,  so  far  as  the 
same  may  obstruct  public  travel;  and  it  is  in  their  discretion  to 
erect  watering  places  for  public  use,  for  watering  teams  at  such 
points  as  may  be  deemed  advisable.  Every  able-bodied  male  inhab- 
itant, being  above  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  under  fifty,  ex- 
cepting pau])ers,  idiots,  lunatics,  trustees  of  schools  and  school  di-  ^ 
rectors,  and  such  others  as  are  exempt  by  law,  are  required  to  labor 
on  highways  in  their  respective  road  districts,  not  less  than  one, 


DIGEST    UF    STATE    LAWS.  1041 

nor  more  than  three  days  in  each  year.  Three  da^'s'  notice  must 
be  given  by  tlie  overseer,  of  the  time  and  phice  lie  requires  such 
road  hibor  to  be  done.  The  labor  must  be  performed  in  the  road 
district  in  which  the  person  resides.  Any  person  may  commute 
for  such  labor  by  paying  the  equivalent  in  money.  Any  person 
liable  for  work  on  highwaj's,  who  has  been  assessed  two  days  or 
more,  and  has  not  commuted,  may  be  required  to  furnish  team,  or 
a  cart,  wagon  or  plow,  with  a  pair  of  horsjs  or  oxen  and  a  man  to 
manage  them,  for  which  he  will  be  entitled  to  two  days'  work. 
Eight  hours  is  a  days'  work  on  the  roads  and  there  is  a  penalty  of 
twenty-five  cents  an  hour  against  any  person  or  substitute  who 
shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  perform.  Any  person  remaining  idle,  or 
does  not  work  faithfully,  or  hinders  others  from  doing  so,  forfeits 
to  the  town  $2.  Every  person  assessed  and  duly  notified,  who  has 
not  commuted,  and  refuses  or  neglects  to  appear,  shall  forfeit  to  the 
town  for  every  day's  refusal  or  neglect,  the  sum  of  $2;  if  he  was 
required  to  furnish  a  team,  carriage,  man  or  implements,  and  neg- 
lects or  refuses  to  comply,  he  is  liable  to  the  following  fines:  1st, 
For  wholly  failing  to  comply,  $4  each  day;  2d,  For  omitting  to 
furnish  a  man  to  manage  team,  $2  each  day;  3d,  For  omitting  to 
furnish  a  pair  of  horses  or  oxen,  $1.50  each  day;  4th,  For  omitting 
to  furnish  a  wagon,  cart  or  plow,  75  cents  each  day.  The  commis- 
sioners estimate  and  assess  the  highway  labor  and  road  tax.  The 
road  tax  on  real  and  personal  property  can  not  exceed  forty  cents 
on  each  hundred  dollars'  worth.  The  labor  or  road  tax  in  villaores, 
towns  or  cities,  is  paid  over  to  the  corporate  authorities  of  such, 
for  the  improvement  of  streets,  roads  and  bridges  within  their  lim- 
its. 

The  legal  voters  of  townships,  in  counties  under  township  organ- 
ization may,  by  a  majority  vote,  at  their  annual  town  meeting, 
order  that  the  road  tax  may  be  collected  in  money  only. 

Overseers. — Their  duties  are  to  repair  and  keep  in  order  the  high- 
ways in  their  districts;  to  warn  persons  to  work  out  their  road  tax 
at  such  time  and  place  as  they  think  pro])er;  to  collect  fines  and 
commutation  money,  and  execute  all  lawful  orders  of  the  commis- 
sioners of  highways;  also  make  list,  within  sixteen  days  after  their 
election,  of  the  names  of  all  inhabitants  in  his  road  district,  liable 
to  work  on  highways.  For  refusal  to  perform  any  of  his  duties  he  • 
is  liable  to  a  fine  of  $10. 


1042  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

As  all  township  and  county  officers  are  familiar  with  their  duties, 
it  is  here  intended  onlv  to  give  the  points  of  law  with  which  the 
public  should  be  familiar.  The  manuer  of  laying  out,  altering,  or 
vacating  roads,  etc.,  will  not  be  here  stated,  as  it  would  require 
more  space  than  can  be  spared  in  a  work  like  this.  It  is  siitiicient 
to  state  that  the  first  step  is  by  petition,  addressed  to  the  commis- 
sioners, setting  out  what  is  prayed  for,  giving  the  names  of  the 
owners  of  the  lands,  if  known  (if  not  known,  so  state),  over  which  the 
road  is  to  pass,  giving  the  general  course,  its  place  of  beginning, 
and  where  it  terminates.  It  requires  not  less  than  twelve  freehold- 
ers residing  within  three  miles  of  the  road,  who  shall  sign  the  peti- 
tion. Public  roads  must  not  be  less  than  fifty,  nor  more  than  sixty 
feet  wide.  K^jads  not  exceeding  two  miles  in  length,  if  petitioned 
for,  mav  be  laid  out  not  less  than  forty  feet  wide.  Private  roads 
for  private  and  public  use  may  be  laid  out  three  rods  wide,  on  peti- 
tion of  the  person  directly  interested;  the  damage  occasioned  there- 
by shall  be  paid  by  the  premises  benefited  thereby,  and  before  the 
road  is  opened.  If  not  opened  in  two  years,  the  order  shall  be  con- 
sidered recinded.  Commissioners  in  their  discretion  may  permit 
persons  who  live  on  or  have  private  roads,  to  work  out  their  road 
tax  thereon.  Public  roads  must  be  opened  in  five  years  from  date 
of  filing  order  of  location,  or  be  deemed  vacated. 

FE>'CES. 

The  town  assessor  and  commissioners  of  highways  shall  be  fence 
viewers  in  their  respective  towns  in  counties  under  township  organ- 
ization. In  other  counties,  the  county  board  appoints  three  in  each 
precinct,  annually, 

A  lawful  ferics  is  four  and  one-half  feet  high  and  in  good  repair, 
consisting  of  rails,  timbers,  boards,  stones,  hedges,  or  any  other 
material  the  fenco  viewers  may  deem  sufficient.  Th3  electors  at 
any  annual  town  meeting  may  determine  what  shall  constitute  a 
Ie2:al  fence  in  the  town. 

Division  fences  shall  be  made  and  maintained  in  just  proportion 
by  the  adjoining  owners,  except  where  the  owner  shall  choose  to  let 
his  land  lie  open;  but  after  a  division  fence  has  been  built  by  mu- 
tual agreement  or  otherwise,  it  shall  not  be  lawful  for  either  party 
to  remove  his  part  of  said  fence,  so  long  as  he  may  crop  or  use  such 
lands  for  farm  purposes,  or  without  giving  the  other  party  one 
year's  notice  in  writing,  of  his  intention  to  move  his  portion  of  the 


DIGEST   OF   STATE  LAWS.  1043 

feDce.  Adjoining  owners  slionld  endeavor,  if  possible,  mutnallj  to 
agree  as  to  tae  proportion  that  each  shall  maintain  of  the  division 
fence  between  their  adjoining  lands;  and  the  agreement  should  be 
reduced  to  writing,  each  party  taking  a  copj.  When  any  person 
shall  enclose  his  land  npon  the  enclosnre  of  another,  he  shall  refaud 
the  owner  of  the  adjoining  lands  a  jast  proportion  of  the  value  at 
that  time  of  such  fence.  The  value  of  tuch  fence,  and  the  propor- 
tion thereof  to  be  paid  by  such  person,  anl  the  proportion  of  the 
division  fence  to  bs  made  and  miintainei  bj  him,  in  Cjise  of  his 
inclosing  his  land,  shall  be  determined  bj  two  fence  viewers  of  the 
town.  Such  fence  viewers  have  power  to  settle  ail  disputes  betwe^i 
owners  as  to  fences  baiit  or  to  be  built,  as  well  as  concerning  repairs 
to  be  ma'ie.  Each  party  chooses  one  of  the  viewers,  but  if  the 
other  party  neglects,  after  eight  days'  notice  in  writing,  to  make 
his  choice,  then  the  other  party  may  select  both.  It  is  sufficient  to 
notify  the  tenant,  or  party  in  possession,  when  the  owner  is  not  a 
resident  of  the  town  in  which  such  fences  are  situated.  The  two 
fence  viewers  chosen,  after  viewing  the  premises,  shall  hear  the 
statements  of  the  parties.  In  case  they  can't  agree,  they  shall  se- 
lect another  fence  viewer  to  act  with  them,  and  the  decision  of  any 
two  of  them  shall  be  linaL  The  decision  must  be  reduced  to  writ- 
ing, and  should  plainly  set  out  a  description  of  the  fence  and  all 
matters  settled  by  them,  and  must  be  filed  in  the  office  of  the  town 
clerk. 

If  any  |)erson  who  is  liable  to  contribute  to  the  ereetiton  or  repa- 
ration of  a  division  fence,  shall  neglect  or  refuse  to  make  or  repair 
his  proportion  of  such  fence,  the  party  injured,after  giving  sixty  days' 
notice,  in  writing,  that  a  new  fence  should  be  erected,  or  ten  days' 
notice,  in  writing,  that  the  repair  of  such  fence  is  necessary,  may 
make  or  repair  the  same  at  the  expense  of  the  party  so  neglecting 
or  refusing,  to  be  recovered  from  him  with  costs  of  suit;  and  the 
party  so  neglecting  or  refusing,  after  notice  in  writing,  shall  be  lia- 
ble to  the  party  injured  for  all  damages  which  shall  thereby  accrue, 
to  be  determined  by  any  two  fence  viewers.  When  a  person  shall 
conclude  to  remove  his  part  of  the  division  fence  and  let  his  land 
lie  open,  and  having  given  the  year's  notice  required,  the  adjoining 
owner  may  cause  the  value  of  said  fence  to  be  ascertained  by  fence 
viewers  as  before  provided ;  and  on  payment  or  tender  of  the 
amount  of  such  valuation  to  the  owner,  it  shall  prevent  the  removaL 


1044  PKfKST    OF    STATE    LAW>. 

A  party  removing  a  division  fence  without  notice  is  liable  for  the 
dainiiges  accruing  thereby. 

Where  a  fence  has  been  built  on  the  land  of  another  through 
mistake,  the  owner  may  enter  upon  such  premises  and  remove  hib 
fence  and  material  within  six  months  after  the  division  line  has 
been  ascertained.  Where  the  material  to  build  such  a  fence  has 
been  taken  from -the  land  on  which  it  was  built,  then  before  it  can 
be  removed,  the  person  claiming  must  first  pay  for  such  material, 
to  the  owner  of  the  laud  from  which  it  was  taken;  nor  shall  such  a 
fence  be  removed  at  a  time  when  the  removal  will  throw  open  or 
expose  the  crops  of  the  other  party;  a  reasonable  time  must  be 
given  beyond  the  six  months  to  remove  crops. 

The  compensation  of  fence  viewers  is  one  dollar  and  fifty  cents 
a  day  each,  to  be  paid  in  the  first  instance  by  the  party  calling  them; 
but  in  the  end  all  expenses,  including  amount  charged  by  the  fence 
viewers,  must  be  ])aid  equally  by  the  parties,  except  in  cases  where 
a  party  neglects  or  refuses  to  make  or  maintain  a  just  proportion  of 
a  division  fence,  when  the  party  in  default  shall  pay  them. 

DRAINAGE. 

Whenever  one  or  more  owners  or  occupants  of  land  desire  to  con- 
struct a  drain  or  ditch,  through  another  man's  land,  the  right  can 
be  had  only  under  legislative  authority,  or  is  granted  or  exists  by 
prescription  or  by  consent  of  the  owner. 

Dripping  water  from  one  house  upon  another  can  be  allowed  only 
where  the  owner  has  acquired  the  right  by  grant  or  prescription; 
and  no  one  has  a  right  to  construct  his  house  so  as  to  let  the  wajter 
drip  over  his  neighbor's  land. 

TRESPASS  OF  STOCK. 

Where  stock  of  an}'  kind  breaks  into  any  person's  inclosure,  the 
fence  being  good  and  sufficient,  the  owner  is  liable  for  the  damage 
done;  but  where  the  damage  is  done  by  stock  running  at  large,  con- 
trary to  law,  the  owner  is  liable  where  there  is  not  such  a  fence. 
Where  stock  is  found  trespassing  on  the  inclosure  of  another  as 
aforesaid,  the  owner  or  occupier  of  the  premises  may  take  posses- 
sion of  such  stock  and  keep  the  same  until  damages,  with  reasonable 
charges  for  keeping  and  feeding,  and  all  costs  of  suit,  are  paid. 
Any  person  taking  or  rescuing  such  stock  so  held,  without  his  con- 
sent, shall  be  liable  to  a  fine  of  not  less  than  three  nor  more  than 


DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS.  104") 

five  dollars  for  each  animal  rescued,  to  be  recovered  by  suit  before 
a  justice  of  the  peace,  for  the  use  of  the  school  fund.  Within  twen- 
ty-four hours  after  taking  such  animal  into  his  possession,  the  per- 
son taking  it  up  must  give  notice  of  the  fact  to  the  owner,  if  known; 
or  if  unknown,  notice  must  be  posted  in  some  public  place  near  the 
premises. 

ESTRAYS. 

Stray  animals  are  those  whose  owner  is  unknown,  any  beasts,  not 
wild,  found  on  one's  premises,  and  not  owned  by  the  occupant.  Any 
aninuils  found  straying  at  any  time  during  the  year,  in  counties 
where  such  animals  are  not  allowed  to  run  at  large,  or  between  the 
last  day  of  October  and  the  loth  day  of  April  in  other  counties,  the 
owner  being  unknown,  may  be  taken  up  as  estrays.  A  party  who 
wishes  to  detain  property  as  an  estray,  must  show  an  exact  compli- 
ance with  the  law.  In  order  to  vest  the  property  of  the  stray  in 
him,  such  acts  must  appear  in  detail  on  the  record. 

No  person  not  a  householder  in  the  county  where  the  estray  is 
found  can  lawfully  take  up  an  estray,  and  then  only  upon  or  about 
his  farm  or  place  of  residence.  Estrays  should  not  be  used  before 
advertised,  except  animals  giving  milk,  which  may  be  milked  for 
their  benefit.  Notices  must  be  posted  up  within  five  days  in  three, 
of  the  most  public  places  in  the  town  or  precinct  in  which  the  es- 
tray was  found,  giving  the  residence  o:  ',1:3  taker-up,  and  a  partic- 
ular description  of  the  estray,  its  age,  color,  and  marks  natural  and 
artificial,  and  stating  before  what  justice  of  the  peace  in  such  town 
or  precinct,  and  at  what  time,  not  less  than  ten  nor  more  than  fif- 
teen days  from  the  time  of  posting  such  notices,  he  will  apply  to 
have  the  estray  apprised.  If  the  owner  of  an  estray  shall  not  have 
appeared  and  proved  ownership  and  taken  the  same  away,  first 
paying  the  taker-up  his  reasonable  charges  for  taking  u]>,  keeping, 
and  advertising  the  same,  the  taker-up  shall  appear  before  the  justice 
mentioned  in  above  notice,  and  make  an  affidavit  as  required  by 
law.  All  subsequent  proceedings  are  before  the  justice  who  is  fa- 
miliar therewith;  therefore  we  omit  them  here. 

Any  person  taking  up  an  estray  at  any  other  place  than  about  or 
upon  his  farm  or  residence,  or  without  complying  with  the  law,  shall 
forfeit  and  pay  a  fine  of  ten  dollars  with  costs.  Ordinary  diligence 
is  required  in  taking  care  of  estrays,  but  in  case  they  die  or  get 
away,  the  taker-up  is  not  liable  for  the  same. 


1046  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

If  a  man  finds  estrays  in  his  field  he  is  not  bound  to  retain  them 
for  the  owner,  but  may  drive  them  ofi"  into  the  higiiway  without 
being  liable  to  an  action.  But  a  person  who  chases  a  horse  out  ot 
his  field  with  a  large  fierce  dog,  commits  an  unlawful  act,  and  is 
liable  for  any  injury  which  the  act  occasions,  A  person  who  takes 
anestray  to  keep  for  the  owner,  but  does  not  pursue  the  cour-e  pre- 
scribed by  statute,  is  not  liable  to  an  action  unless  he  uses  the  same 
or  refuses  to  deliver  it  on  demand.  Hiding  a  horse  to  discover  the 
owner  is  not  "  use." 

HORSES 

Are  animals  of  a  domestic  nature.  Under  the  age  of  four  years 
they  are  called  colts.  A  borrower  of  ahorse  is  liable  for  negligence, 
misuse,  or  gross  want  of  skill  in  use.  The  lender  is  liable  in  case 
the  animal  lent  is  unfit  or  dangerous,  as  he  thus  may  occasion 
injury.  The  animal  should  be  used  only  for  the  purpose  and  to  the 
extent  stipulated,  and  not  by  a  servant. 

If  he  dies  from  disease,  or  is  killed  by  inevitable  accident,  the  bor- 
rower is  not  liable.  Defects  which  are  manifest,  open  and  plain  to  an 
ordinary  observer,  and  those  also  which  are  known  to  the  buyer,  are 
not  usually  covered  by  a  general  warranty.  The  former  requires 
no  skill  to  discover  them,  and  the  latter  may  be  objected  to  or 
acquiesced  in  at  the  time  of  the  purchase.  In  the  case  of  latent 
defects  existing  in  such  a  condition  that  they  could  not  be  detected 
by  the  buyer,  and  are  known  to  the  seller,  who  fails  to  disclose  them 
to  the  buyer,  the  latter  practices  a  constructive  fraud,  unless  the 
animal  is  sold  '*  with  all  faults."  By  consenting  to  purchase  the 
horse  "  with  all  faults,"  the  purchaser  takes  upon  himself  the  risk 
of  latent  or  secret  defects,  and  calculates  the  price  accordingly. 
But  even  this  kind  of  a  purchase  would  be  voidable  if  the  seller 
had  ]iurposely,  and  to  deceive  the  purchaser,  covered,  filled  up, 
patched,  plastered,  or  otherwise  practiced  fraud  to  conceal  any 
defects,  and  he  would  be  liable. 

Hiring  out  a  horse  and  carriage  to  perform  a  particular  journey, 
carries  with  it  the  warranty  of  the  person  letting  the  horse  and 
carriage,  that  each  of  them  is  tit  and  competent  for  such  journey; 
but,  if  a  horse  is  hired  for  one  purpose,  and  is  used  for  another  and 
is  injured,  the  hirer  is  liable  for  the  damage  sustained.  The  hirer 
is  in  all  cases  answerable  for  ordinar}'  neglect.  If  he  uses  the 
hired  horse  as  a  prudent  man  would  his  own,  he  is  not  liable  for 


DI6EST   OK    STATE    LAWS.  1047 

any  damage  which  the  horss  may  receive.  If,  however,  he  keeps 
the  hired  horse  after  a  stipiihited  time,  or  uses  it  differently  from 
his  agreement,  he  is  in  any  event  h'able.  If  the  hirer  sells  the  horse, 
the  owner  may  recover  its  value  of  the  purchaser,  though  the  pur- 
chaser had  in  good  faitl)  given  the  hirer  full  value  for  it,  as  the 
hirer  could  give  no  better  title  than  lie  had  himself. 

Mischievous  animals  render  their  owners  liable  when  known  to 
them  to  be  so,  and  they  are  responsible  for  the  damage  they  may  do 
when  they  permit  them  to  go  at  large.  Any  person  may  jusiity 
the  killing  of  ferocious  animals. 

MARKS  AXL  BRANDS. 

Owners  of  cattle,  horses,  hogs,  sheep  or  goats,  may  have  one  ear- 
mark and  one  brand,  which  shall  be  .different  from  his  neighbors', 
and  may  be  recorded  by  the  county  clerk  of  the  county  in  which 
such  property  is  kept.  The  fee  for  such  record  is  fifteen  cents.  The 
record  of  such  shall  be  open  to  examination  free  of  charge.  In 
cases  of  disputes  as  to  marks  or  brands,  such  record  is  'prima  facie 
evidence.  Owners  of  cattle,  horses,  hogs,  sheep  or  goats,  that  may 
have  been  branded  by  former  owners,  may  he  rebranded  in  presence 
of  one  or  more  of  his  neighbors,  who  shall  certify  to  the  facts  of 
the  marking  or  branding  being  done,  when  done,  and  in  what  brand 
or  mark  they  were  re-branded  or  re-marked,  which  certificate  may 
also  be  recorded  as  before  stated. 

ARTICLES  OF  AGREEMENT. 

An  agreement  is  virtually  a  contract  by  which  a  certain  person 
(or  persons)  agrees  or  contracts  to  perform  certain  duties  within  a 
specified  time.  Good  business  men  always  reduce  an  agreement  to 
writing,  which  nearly  ahvaj's  saves  misunderstandings  and  long 
and  expensive  lawsuits.  No  particular  form  is  necessary,  bat  the 
facts  must  be  clearly  and  explicitly  stated;  and  there  must  be  a 
reasonable  consideration,  else  the  agi'tement  is  void. 

Unless  it  is  expressly  sti])ulated  that  the  agreement  is  binding  for 
a  longer  time,  the  contract  expires  at  the  end  of  one  year.  Every 
agreement  should  state  most  distinctl}'  the  time  within  which  its 
conditions  are  to  be  complied  with.  A  discovery  of  fraud,  or  mis- 
representation by  one  party  to  the  agreement,  or  changing  of  the 
date,  renders  the  contract  void.  Each  party  should  retain  a  copy  of 
the  agreement. 


1048  DIGEST  OF  STATE  LAWS. 


GENERAL  FORM  OF  AGREEMENT. 


This  Agreement,  made  the  third  day  of  November,  1878,  between 
Damon  Clarke  of  Macomb,  county  of  McDonough,  State  of  Illinois, 
of  the  first  part,  and  "William  Hays,  of  the  same  place,  of  the 
second  part. 

WITNESSETH,  That  the  said  Damon  Clarke,  in  consideration  of 
the  agreement  of  the  party  of  the  second  part,  hereinafter  contained, 
contracts,  and  agrees  to,  and  with  the  said  William  Hays,  that  he 
will  deliver  in  good  and  marketable  condition,  at  the  city  of  Gales- 
burg,  111.,  during  the  month  of  December  of  this  year,  nine  hun- 
dred bushels  of  corn,  in  the  following  lots,  and  at  the  following 
specified  times,  namely:  one  hundred  bushels  b}'  the  fifth  of  Decem- 
ber, three  hundred  bushels  by  the  fifteenth  of  December,  and  the 
balance  by  the  thirtieth  of  December. 

And  the  said  William  Hays  in  consideration  of  the  prompt  ful- 
fillnient  of  this  contract  on  the  part  of  the  party  of  the  second 
part,  contracts  to,  and  agrees  with  the  said  Damon  Clarke,  to  pay 
for  said  corn  fifty  cents  ])er  bushel  as  soon  as  delivered. 

In  case  of  failure  of  agreement  by  either  of  the  parries  hereto,  it 
is  hereby  stipulated  and  agreed  that  the  party  so  failing  shall  pay 
to  the  other,  one  hundred  dollars,  as  fixed  and  settled  damages. 

In  witnets  whereof  we  have  hereunto  set  our  hands  the  day  and 
year  first  above  written :  Damon  Clarke, 

William  Hats. 

NOTES. 

A  note  is  legal,  worded  in  the  simplest  way,  so  that  the  amount 
and  time  of  payment  are  mentioned.     The  following  is  a  good  form: 
$100  Chicago,  III.,  May  1,  1S79. 

Thirty  days  after  date  I  promise  to  pay  F.  M.  .Chapman 
or  order,  one  hundred  dollars,  for  value  received. 

S.  T.  Lewis. 

To  make  a  note  payable  in  anything  else  than  money,  insert  ^he 
facts  instead  of  the  sum  of  money  alone;  unless  paid  when  d'\?,  it 
is  payable  in  money.  To  hold  an  indorser  of  a  note,  due  di'  ■cnce 
must  be  used  by  suit  in  collecting  of  the  maker,  nnless  suii  would 
have  been  unavailing.  Notes  payable  to  person  named  o:  to  order, 
in  order  to  absolutely  transfer  title,  must  be  indorsed  by  the  payer. 
Notes  payable  to  bearer  may  be  transferred  by  delivery,  and  when 
BO  payable,  every  indorser  thereon  is  held  as  a  giiarrviitor  of  pay- 
ment unless  otherwise  expressed. 

The  limit  of  time  in  wiiich  action  mav  be  broui'lit  on  a  note  is 
10  yeara 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  1049 

If  the  note  is  payable  to  a  person  or  order,  or  to  a  person  or 
bearer,  to  a  person  or  his  assigns,  or  to  a  cashier  of  an  incorporated 
company,  such  notes  are  negotiable. 

When  transferring  a  note,  the  indorser  frees  himself  from  respon- 
sibility, so  far  as  the  payment  is  concerned,  by  writing  on  the  back, 
above  his  signature,  without  recourse  to  tne  in  any  event. 

A  note  is  void  when  founded  upon  fraud.  Thus  a  note  obtained 
from  a  person  when  intoxicated,  or  obtained  for  any  reason  which 
is  illegal,  cannot  be  collected.     A  note  given  on  Sunday  is  also  void. 

No  defense  can  be  made  against  negotiable  paper  purchased 
before  maturity  for  good  consideration  in  the  usual  course  of  busi- 
ness, without  knowledge  of  facts  impeaching  its  validity,  except 
fraud  was  used  in  obtaining  the  same.  Thus  if  A  gives  his  note 
to  B  for  $150,  receives  in.  consideration  a  shawl  and  five  pieces  of 
cloth.  The  former  was  represented  to  be  worth  $75,  and  the  cloth 
the  best  imported  English  goods.  When,  in  fact,  the  shawl  was 
only  worth  $8,  and  suits  made  of  the  cloth  wore  out  in  less  than 
six  weeks,  long  before  the  note  was  due.  B,  however,  had  sold  the 
note  to  O,  who  did  not  know  the  circumstances,  and  before  it  was 
due — A  would  be  obliged  to  pay  it. 

JUDGMENT  NOTE. 

For  value  received  I  promise  to  pay  Ewing  Summers,  of  Gales- 
burg,  or  order,  two  hundred  dollars,  with  interest,  on  the  tir.-,t  day 
of  January  next.  And,  further,  I  do  hereby  empower  any  attorney 
of  any  court  of  record  In  Illinois,  or  elsewhere,  to  appear  for  me, 
and  after  a  declaration  filed  therefor,  to  confess  a  indL'^ment  aojainst 
me  in  the  above  sum,  as  of  last,  next,  or  any  subsequent  term,  with 
cost  (if  suit,  release  of  error,  etc.,  with  stay  of  execution  until  said 
first  day  of  January. 

Witness  my  hand  and  seal  at  Galesbnrg,  111.,  this  sixth  day  of 
March,  in  the  year  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-nine. 
[seal]  Joun  Jones. 

INTEREST. 

Interest  is  the  compensation  which  is  paid  by  the  borrower  of 
money  to  the  lender  for  its  use.  When  the  debtor  expressly  under- 
takes to  pay  interest,  he  is  bound  to  pay  it;  but  if  a  party  has 
accepted  the  principal,  he  cannot  recover  interest  in  a  separate 
action.  During  the  course  of  dealings  between  parties,  a  promise 
to  pay  is  implied,  and  the  debtor  is  bound  to  pay.     So  also  on  an 


1050  DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS. 

account  stated,  whenever  the  debtor  knows  precisely  what  he  is  to 
pay,  and  when  he  Ib  to  pay  it,  after  a  demand  of  payment;  but 
interest  is  not  due  on  a  running  account,  even  when  the  items  are 
all  on  one  side,  unless  otherwise  agreed  upon.  Wiiere  the  terms  of 
a  promissory  note  are  that  it  shall  be  paid  by  installments,  and  on 
the  failure  of  any  installment  the  whole  is  to  become  due,  interest 
on  the  whole  becomes  payable  from  the  first  default.  Where,  by 
the  term  of  a  bond  or  promissory  note,  interest  is  to  be  paid  annu- 
ally, and  the  principal  at  a  distant  day,  the  interest  may  be  recov- 
ered before  the  principal  is  due. 

Interest  is  collectible  in  the  following  cases:  For  goods  sold  and 
delivered  after  the  stipulated  term  of  credit  has  expired;  if  there  be 
no  credit,  then  from  the  time  of  sale;  on  judgment  debts,  from  the 
rendition  of  judgment;  on  money  obtained  by  fraud,  or  where  ii 
has  been  wrongfully  detained  (for  whoever  receives  money  not  his 
own,  and  detains  it  from  the  owner  unlawfully,  must  pay  interest 
therefor:  hence  a  public  officer  retaining  money  wrongfully  is  lia- 
ble for  the  interest);  on  mone}'  paid  by  mistake,  or  recovered  on  a 
void  execution;  on  money  lent  or  laid  out  for  another's  use;  and 
rent,  from  the  time  that  it  is  due. 

When  the  rate  of  interest  is  specified  in  any  contract,  that  rate 
continues  until  full  payment  is  made.  A  debt  barred  by  the 
statute  of  limitations  and  revived  by  an  acknowledgment  bears 
interest  for  the  whole  time. 

Comjyuting  Interest. — In  casting  interest  on  notes,  bonds,  etc., 
upon  which  partial  payments  have  been  made,  every  payment  is  to 
be  first  applied  to  discharge  the  interest;  but  the  interest  is  never 
allowed  to  form  a  part  of  the  principal,  so  as  to  carry  interest. 
When  a  partial  payment  is  made  before  the  debt  is  due,  it  cannot 
be  apportioned  part  to  the  debt  and  part  to  the  interest,  but  at  the 
end  interest  shall  be  charged  on  the  whole  sum,  and  the  obligor 
shall  receive  credit  for  the  interest  on  the  amount  paid  until  the 
interest  becomes  due. 

The  legal  rate  of  interest  is  six  per  cent.  Parties  may  agree  in 
writing  on  a  rate  not  exceeding  eight  per  cent.  If  a  rate  of  interest 
greater  than  eight  per  cent,  is  contracted  for,  the  penalty  is  a  for- 
feiture of  the  entire  interest,  and  only  the  principal  can  be 
recovered. 

lu  computing  interest  or  discount  on  negotiable  instruments,  a 


DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS.  1051 

month  shall  be  considered  a  calendar  month  or  twelfth  of  a  year, 
and  for  less  than  a  mouth,  a  day  shall  be  figured  a  thirtieth  part  of 
a  mouth.  Notes  bear  interest  only  when  so  expressed;  but  after 
due  they  draw  the  legal  interest,  six  per  cent.,  even  if  not  stated. 
Notes  payable  on  demand  or  at  sight  draw  no  interest  until  after 
presentation  or  demand  of  the  same  has  been  made,  unless  they 
provide  for  interest  from  date  on  their  face.  If  "with  interest"  is 
included  in  the  note,  it  draws  the  legal  rate  from  the  time  it  is 
made.  If  the  note  is  to  draw  a  special  rate  of  interest,  higher  than 
the  legal,  but  not  higher  than  the  law  allows,  the  rate  must  bo 
specified. 

WILLS. 

The  legal  declaration  of  a  person's  mind,  determining  the  man- 
ner in  which  he  would  have  his  property  or  estate  disposed  of  after 
his  death,  is  termed  a  will.  No  exact  form  of  words  is  necessary 
in  order  to  make  a  will  good  at  law,  though  much  care  should  be 
exercised  to  state  the  provisions  of  the  will  so  plainly  that  its  lan- 
guage may  not  be  misunderstood. 

Every  male  person  of  the  age  of  twenty-one  years,  and  every 
female  of  the  age  of  eighteen  years,  of  sound  mind,  can  make  a 
valid  wi.l.  It  must  be  in  writing,  signed  by  the  testator,  or  by 
some  one  in  his  or  her  presence,  and  by  his  or  her  direction,  and 
attested  by  two  or  more  credible  witnesses.  Care  should  be  taken 
that  the  witnesses  are  not  interested  in  the  will. 

The  person  making  the  will  may  appoint  his  or  her  executors; 
but  no  person  can  serve  as  such  executor  if  he  or  she  be  an  alien  at 
the  time  of  proving  the  will,  if  he  be  under  twenty-one  yeai-s  ot 
age,  a  convict,  a  drunkard,  a  lunatic,  or  an  imbecile. 

Persons  knowing  themselves  to  have  been  ajipointed  executors, 
must,  within  thirty  days  after  the  death  of  deceased,  cause  the  will 
to  be  proved  and  recorded  in  the  proper  county,  or  present  it  and 
refuse  to  accei)t.  In  case  of  failure  to  do  so,  they  are  liable  to  for- 
feit the  sum  of  twenty  dollars  per  month.  Inventory  to  be  made 
by  executor  or  administrator  within  three  months  from  date  of  let- 
ters testamentary  or  administration. 

The  person  making  a  will  is  termed  the  "  testator  "  (if  a  female, 
the  "testatrix"). 

A  will  is  of  no  force  and  efiect  until  the  death  of  the  testator, 


1054  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

dollars  in  bank  stock,  in  the  First  Nationa'  Bank  of  Chicago,  Illinois, 
and  also  each  one  quarter  section  of  land,  owned  by  myself,  situ- 
ated in  the  town  of  Delavan,  Tazewell  county,  Illinois,  and  recorded 
in  my  name  in  the  liecorder's  otiice  of  said  county.  The  north  one 
hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  said  half  section  is  devised  to  my  elder 
dauojhter  Lida  Louan. 

Third.  I  give,  devise  and  bequeath  to  my  son,  Fred  Davis 
Lewis,  five  shares  of  railroad  stock,  in  the  C,  B.  6z  Q.  Raih-oad, 
and  my  own  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  of  land  and  sasv-mill 
thereon,  situated  in  Astoria,  Illinois,  with  all  the  improvements  and 
appurtenances  thereunto  belonging,  which  said  real  estate  is  re- 
corded in  \\\\  name,  in  the  county  where  situated. 

Fourth.  I  give  to  my  wife,  Tryphena  Lewis,  all  my  household 
furniture,  goods,  chattels,  and  personal  property,  about  my  house, 
not  hitherto  disposed  of,  including  ten  thousand  dollars  in  bank 
stock,  in  the  First  National  Bank  of  Chicago,  Illinois,  fifteen  shares 
in  the  Chicago,  Rock  Island  ct  Pacific  Ivailroad,  and  the  free  and 
unrestricted  use,  possession  an.d  benefits  of  the  home  farm,  so  long 
as  she  may  live,  in  lieu  of  dower,  to  which  she  is  entitled  by  law; 
said  farm  being  my  present  place  of  residence. 

Fifth.  I  bequeath  to  my  invalid  father.  Samuel  T.  Lewis,  Sr., 
the  income  from  the  rents  of  my  store  building,  at  Canton,  Illinois, 
during  the  term  of  his  natural  life.  Said  building  and  land  there- 
with  revert  to  my  said  sons  and  daughters  in  equal  proportions, 
upon  the  demise  of  my  said  father. 

Sixth.  It  is  also  my  will  and  desire,  that  at  the  death  of  my 
wife,  Try])hena  Lewis,  or  at  any  time  she  may  arrange  to  relinquish 
her  life  interest  in  the  above  mentioned  homestead,  the  same  may 
revert  to  my  above  named  children,  or  to  the  lawful  heirs  of  each. 

And,  Lastly.  I  appoint  as  executors  of  this,  my  last  will  and 
testament,  my  wife  Tryphena  Lewis,  and  my  eldest  son,  Franklin 
M.  LewMs. 

I  further  direct  that  my  debts  and  necessary  funeral  expenses 
shall  be  ]jaid  from  moneys  now  on  deposit  in  the  First  National 
Bank,  Pekin,  Illinois,  the  residue  of  such  moneys  to  revert  to  my 
wife,  Tryphena  Lewis,  for  her  use  forever. 

In  witness  thereof,  I,  Samuel  T.  Lewis,  to  this,  my  last  will  and 
testament,  have  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seal,  this  thii'd  day  of 
March,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy. 

[L.  S.]  Samuel  T.  Lewis. 

Signed,  sealed  and  delivered  by  Samuel  T.  Lewis,  as  and  for  his 
last  will  and  testament,  in  the  presence  of  us,  who,  at  his  request, 
and  in  his  presence,  and  in  the  ])resence  of  each  other,  have  sub- 
scribed our  names  hereunto  as  witnesses  thereof. 

Fred  D.  Stdleck,  Chicago,  Illinois, 
Erastus  Child,  Oneida,  Illinois. 


DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS.  1  ()->") 


CODICIL. 


AVhereas,  I,  Samuel  T.  Lewis,  did,  on  the  third  day  of  March, 
one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy,  make  my  last  will  and 
testament,  I  do  now,  by  this  writing,  add  this  codicil  to  my  said 
will,  to  be  taken  as  a  part  thereof. 

Whereas,  by  the  dispensation  of  Providence,  my  daughter  Lida 
Lonan,  has  deceased,  ^November  lifth,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy- 
four,  and,  whereas,  a  son  has  been  born  to  me,  which  son  is  now 
christened  Charles  IJurchard  Lewis,  I  give  and  bequeath  unto  him 
my  gold  watch,  and  all  right,  interest  and  title  in  lands  and  bank 
stock  and  chattels  bequeathed  to  my  deceased  daughter  Lida  Louan, 
in  the  body  of  this  will 

Li  witness  thereof,  I  hereunto  set  my  hand  and  seal,  this  fifth 
day  of  March,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-nine. 

[L.  S.]  Samuel  T.  Lewis. 

Signed,  sealed,  published  and  declared  to  us  by  the  testator, 
Samuel  T.  Lewis,  as  and  for  a  codicil,  to  be  annexed  to  his  last  will 
and  testament.  And  we,  at  his  request,  and  in  his  presence,  and  in 
the  presence  of  each  other,  have  subscribed  our  names  as  witnesses 
thei'eto,  at  the  date  hereof. 

Erastus  Child,  Oneida,  111. 
E.  C.  Johnson,  (Chicago,  111. 

DESCENT. 

When  no  will  is  made,  the  property  of  a  deceased  person  is  dis- 
tributed as  follows: 

First.  To  his  or  her  children  and  their  descendants,  in  equal 
part.^;  the  descendants  of  the  deceased* child  or  grand  child  taking 
the  share  of  their  deceased  parents,  in  equal  parts  among  them. 

Second.  Where  there  is  no  child,  no  descendant  of  such  child, 
and  no  widow  or  surviving  husband,  then  to  the  parents,  brothers 
and  sisters  of  the  deceased,  and  their  descendants,  in  equal  parts, 
the  surviving  parent,  if  either  be  dead,  taking  a  double  portion; 
and  if  there  is  no  parent  living,  then  to  the  brotliers  and  sisters  of 
the  intestate  and  their  descendants. 

Third.  When  there  is  a  widow  or  surviving  husband,  and  no 
child  or  children,  or  descendants  of  the  same,  then  one-half  of  the 
real  estate  and  the  whole  of  the  personal  estate  shall  descend  to 
such  widow  or  surviving  husband,  absolutely,  and  the  other  half  of 
the  real  estate  shall  descend  as  in  other  cases  where  there  is  no 
child  or  children,  or  descendants  of  the  same. 

Fourth.     When  there  is  a  widow  or  surviving  Juisband,  and  also 


1056  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

a  child  or  children,  or  descendants  of  the  latter,  then  one-third  of 
all  ])ersonal  estut&  to  the  widow  or  surviving  husband,  absolutely. 

Fifth.  If  there  be  no  child,  parent,  brother  or  sister,  or 
descendants  of  either  of  them,  and  no  widow  or  surviviuir  husband, 
then  in  equal  parts  to  the  next  of  kin  to  the  intestate  in  equal 
degree.  Collaterals  shall  not  be  represented  except  with  the 
descendants  of  brother  and  sister  of  the  intestate,  and  there  shall 
be  no  distinction  between  kindred  of  the  whole  and  the  half-blood, 

S(Xth.  If  any  intestate  leaves  a  widow  or  surviving  Imsband 
and  no  kindred,  then  to  such  widow  or  surviving  husband;  and  if 
there  is  no  such  widow  or  surviving  husband,  it  shall  escheat  to  and 
invest  in  the  county  where  the  same  or  the  greater  portion  thereof 
is  situated. 

DEEDS. 

A  deed  is  a  sealed  instrument  in  writino^  convevin?  lands  and 
appurtenances  thereon  from  one  person  to  another,  and  special  care 
should  be  taken  to  have  them  signed,  sealed,  delivered  and  properly 
acknowledged,  with  the  proper  seal  attached.  Witnesses  are  not 
necessary.  The  law  in  this  State  provides  that  an  acknowledg- 
ment must  be  made  before  certain  persons  authorized  to  take  the 
same.  These  officers  are:  Master  in  Chancery,  Notary  Public 
Circuit  or  County  Clerk,  Justice  of  the  Peace,  United  States  Com- 
missioner, or  anv  Court  of  Hecord  liavino:  a  seal,  or  anv  Judge 
Justice  or  Clerk  of  any  such  court.  The  instrument  shall  be 
attested  by  the  official  sea^  of  the  officer  taking  the  acknowledg- 
ment, and  when  taken  by  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  residing  out  of  the 
county  where  the  real  estate  to  be  conveyed  lies,  there  shall  be 
added  a  certificate  of  the  County  Clerk  under  his  seal  of  office,  that 
he  was  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  in  the  county  at  the  time  of  taking 
the  same.  A  deed  is  good  without  such  certificate  attached,  but 
cannot  be  used  in  evidence  unless  such  a  certificate  is  produced  or 
'•ther  competent  evidence  introduced.  Acknowledgments  made 
'Mitof  the  State  must  either  be  executed  accordinji:  to  the  laws  ot 
this  State,  or  there  should  be  attached  a  certificate  that  is  in  conform- 
ity with  the  laws  of  the  State  or  country  where  executed.  Where 
this  is  not  done  the  same  may  be  proved  by  any  other  legal  way. 
Acknowledgments  where  the  Homestead  rights  are  to  be  waived 
must  state  as  follows:  "  Including:  the  release  and  waiver  of  the 
right  of  homestead." 


DUiEST    OK    STATK    l.A\VS.  lO.'x 

To  render  a  deed  valid,  there  must  be  a  sufficient  consideration. 
To  enable  a  person  to  legally  convey  property  to  another,  the  lol- 
lowing  requisites  are  necessary:  1st,  he  or  she  must  be  of  age: 
2d,  must  be  of  sane  mind;  and,  3d,  he  or  she  must  be  the  rightful 
owner  of  the  property 

Any  alterations  or  interlineations  in  the  deed  should  be  noted  at 
the  bottom  of  the  instrument,  and  properly  witnessed.  After  the 
acknowledgment  of  ^a  deed,  the  parties  have  no  right  to  make  the 
sli<'-htest  alterations.  An  alteration  after  the  acknowledgment  in 
favor  of  the  grantee  vitiates  the  deed.  The  maker  of  a  deed  is 
called  the  "grantor;"  the  person  or  party  to  whom  the  deed  is 
delivered,  the  "grantee."  The  wife  of  the  grantor  must  ackowl- 
edffe  the  deed,  or  else,  after  the  death  of  her  husband,  she  will  be 
entitled  to  one-third  interest  in  the  property,  as  dc»wer,  during  her 
life.  Her  acknowledgment  of  the  deed  must  be  of  her  own  free 
will  and  accord. 

By  a  general  warranty  deed  the  grantor  engages  to  secure  the 
grantee  in  any  right  or  possession  to  the  property  conveyed  against 
all  persons  whatsoever.  A  quit-claim  deed  releases  what  interest 
the  grantor  may  have  in  the  land,  but  does  not  warrant  and  delend 
a<rainst  others.  We  do  not  i<ive  lorm  for  a  deed,  as  printed  forms 
are  used  by  all.     Deeds  should  be  recorded  without  delay. 

MORTGAGES  AND  TRUST  DEEDS 

Are  conditional  conveyances  of  estates  or  property  by  way  of 
pledge  for  the  security  of  debt,  and  to  become  void  on  payment  of 
it.  Special  care  should  be  taken  to  have  them  signed,  sealed^ 
delivered,  and  properly  acknowledged,  with  the  proper  seal  attached. 
All  kinds  of  property,  real  or  personal,  which  are  capable  of  an 
absolute  sale,  may  be  the  subject  of  a  mortgage. 

Mortgages  of  personal  property  need  not  be  under  seal.  In  the 
absence  of  stipulation  to  the  contrary,  the  mortgagee  of  personal 
])roperty  has  the  legal  title  thereto,  and  the  right  of  possession,  and 
he  may  have  an  action  against  any  one  taking  them  from  the  mort- 
gagor. And  although  the  mortgage  contains  no  express  stipulation 
that  the  mortgagor  shall  remain  in  possession  until  default  of  pay- 
ment, and  with  a  power  to  sell  for  the  mortgagee's  debt,  the  mort- 
gagee may  nevertheless  sustain  tniver  against  an  officer  attaching 
the  goods  as  the  property  of  the  mortgagor. 


10.58  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

A  mort^-afi^e  must  be  in  writing  when  it  is  intended  to  convey  the 
legal  title.  It  must  be  in  one  single  deed  which  contains  the  whole 
contract. 

Redemption  must  be  made  within  one  year  from  the  sale. 
Where,  however,  the  mortgagee  takes  the  property  for  an  absolute 
discharge  of  the  debt,  then  the  equity  or  right  of  redemption  is 
barred.  Satisfaction^  or  release  of  a  mf>rtgage,  may  be  made  on 
the  margin  of  the  record,  or  by  an  instrument  duly  acknowledged. 
The  wife  need  not  join  in  this  release. 

TRUST  DEEDS. 

Trust  deeds  are  taken  generally  in  preference  to  mortgages, 
especially  by  non-residents,  for  in  case  of  foreclosure  under  the 
power  of  sale  there  can  be  no  redemption.  Advertisement,  sale, 
and  deed  is  made  by  the  trustee. 

Mortgages  of  person.al  property,  or  chattel  mortgages,  can  be 
given  for  a  period  of  only  two  years,  and  cannot  be  renewed  or 
extended.  Acknowledijment  mav  be  had  before  a  Justice  of  the 
Peace  of  the  town  or  district  in  which  the  mortgagor  resides.  If 
the  mortgagor  is  a  non-resident,  then  before  any  officer  authorized 
by  law  to  take  acknowledgments.  Foreclosures  may  be  effected 
upon  default,  and  possession,  and  sale  of  the  property  taken  and 
made;  any  delay  will  invalidate  the  mortgagee's  lien. 

LIENS. 

An}^  person  who  shall  by  contract,  expressed  or  implied,  or 
partly  both,  with  the  owner  of  any  lot  or  tract  of  land,  furnish 
labor  or  material,  or  services  as  an  architect  or  superintendent,  in 
Iniilding,  altering,  repairing,  or  ornamenting  any  house,  or  other 
building  or  appurtenance  thereto  on  such  lot,  or  u]Jon  any  street  or 
alley,  and  connected  with  such  improvements,  shall  have  a  lien 
upon  the  whole  of  such  lot  or  tract  of  land,  and  upon  such  house 
or  building  and  appurtenances  for  the  amount  due  him  for  labor, 
material  or  services.  If  the  contract  is  expressed,  and  the  time  for 
the  completion  of  the  work  is  beyond  three  years  from  the  com- 
mencement thereof;  or,  if  the  time  of  payment  is  beyond  one  year 
from  the  time  stipulated  for  the  completion  of  the  work,  then  no 
lien  exists.  If  the  contract  is  implied,  then  no  lien  exists,  unless 
the  Avork  be  done,  or  nuiterial  furnished,  within  one  year  from  the 
commencement   of    the   work   or   deliverv   of  the   material.     As 


DIGEST    OF    STATE   LAWS.  1059 

between  diiferent  creditors  havin^^  liens,  no  preference  is  given  to 
tlie  one  whose  contract  was  made  first;  but  each  shares  pro  rata. 
Incumbrances  existing  upon  the  lot  or  tract  of  tlie  land  at  the  time 
the  contract  is  made  do  not  operate  on  the  improvements,  and  are 
only  preferred  to  the  extent  of  the  value  of  the  land  at  the  time  of 
making  the  contract.  The  above  lien  cannot  be  enforced  unless 
suit  is  commenced  within  six  months  after  the  last  payment  for 
labor  or  materials  shall  have  become  due  and  payable.  Sub-con- 
tractors, mechanics,  workmen,  and  other  persons  furnishing  any 
material,  or  performing  any  labor  for  a  contractor,  as  above  speci- 
fied, have  a  lien  to  the  extent  of  the  amount  due  the  contractor  at 
the  time  the  following  notice  was  served  upon  the  owner  of  the 
land  who  made  the  contract: 

To :  You  are  hereby  notified  that  I  have  been  employed 

by [here  state  whether  to  labor  or  to  furnish  material, 

and  substantially  the  nature  of  the  demand]  upon  your  [here  state 
in  general  terms  description  and  situation  of  building],  and  that  I 
shall  hold  the  [building,  or  as  the  case  may  be],  and  your  interest 
in  the  ground  liable  for  the  amount  that  may  [is  or  may  become] 
due  me  on  account  thereof,  [Signature] , 

Dated, . 

If  there  is  a  contract  in  writing  between  contractor  and  sub-con- 
tractor, a  copy  of  it  should  be  served  with  the  above  notice,  and  such 
notice  must  be  served  within  forty  days  from  the  completion  of 
such  sub-contract,  if  there  is  one;  if  not,  then  from  the  time  pay- 
ment should  have  been  made  to  the  person  performing  the  labor 
or  furnishing  the  material.  If  the  owner  is  not  a  resident  of  the 
county,  or  cannot  be  found  therein,  then  the  above  notice  must  be 
filed  with  the  Clerk  of  the  Circuit  Court,  wnth  his  fee,  fifty  cents, 
and  a  copy  of  such  notice  must  be  published  in  a  newspaper  pub- 
lished in  the  county  for  four  successive  weeks. 

When  the  owner  or  agent  is  notified  as  above  he  can  retain  any 
money  due  the  contractor  sufiicient  to  pay  such  claim;  if  more 
than  one  claim,  and  not  enough  to  pay  all,  they  are  to  be  paid  pro 
rata. 

The  owner  has  a  right  to  demand  in  writing  a  statement  of  the 
contractor,  of  what  he  owes  for  labor,  etc.,  from  time  to  time  as  the 
work  progresses. 

The  liens  referred  to  cover  any  and  all  estates,  whether  in  fee  for 


lOGO  DIGEST    OF    STAtE    LAWS. 

life,  for  years,  or  any  other  interest  which  the  owner  may  iiave. 

To  enforce  the  liens  of  sub-contractors,  suit  must  be  commenced 
within  three  months  from  the  time  of  the  performance  of  the  sub- 
contract, or  during  the  work  or  iurnishing  materials. 

Hotel,  inn*and  hoarding -liouse  keepers  have  a  lien  upon  the 
baggage  and  other  valuables  of  their  guests  or  boarders  brought 
into  such  hotel,  inn,  or  boarding-house,  by  their  guests  or  boarders 
for  the  proper  charges  due  from  such  guests  or  boarders  for  their 
accommodation,  board  and  lodging,  and  such  extras  as  are  furnished 
at  their  request. 

Stable-keejMrs  and  other  persons  have  a  lien  upon  the  horses, 
carriages  and  harness  kept  by  them  for  the  proper  charges  due  for 
the  keeping  thereof,  and  expenses  bestowed  tliereon  at  the  request 
of  the  owner,  or  the  person  having  the  possession  of  tlie  same. 

Agisters  (jiersons  who  take  care  of  cattle  belonging  to  others) 
and  persons  keeping,  yarding,  feeding,  or  pasturing  domestic  ani- 
mals shall  have  a  lien  upon  the  animals  agistered,  kept,  yarded  or 
fed  for  the  proper  charges  due  for  such  service. 

All  persons  who  may  furnish  any  railroad  corporation  in  this 
State  with  fuel,  ties,  material,  supplies,  or  any  other  article  or  thing 
necessary  for  the  construction,  maintenance,  operation  or  repair  of 
its  road  by  contract,  or  may  perform  work  or  labor  for  the  same,  are 
entitled  to  be  paid  as  part  of  the  current  expenses  of  the  road,  and 
have  a  lien  u])on  all  its  property.  Sub-contractors  or  laborers  have 
also  a  lien.  The  conditions  and  limitations,  both  as  to  contractors 
and  to  sub-contractors,  are  about  the  same  as  herein  stated,  as  to 
general  liens. 

BILL  OF  SALE. 

A  bill  of  sale  is  a  written  agreement  to  another  party  for  a  con- 
sideration to  convey  his  right  and  interest  in  the  personal  property. 
The  purchaser  must  take  actual  possession  of  the  property.  Juries 
have  power  to  determine  upon  the  fairness  or  unfairness  of  a  bill 
of  sale. 

COMMON    FORM    OF    BILL    OF    SALE. 

Know  All  Men  by  this  instrument,  that  I,  B.  F.  Lewis,  of  Chi- 
cago, Illinois,  of  the  first  part,  for  and  in  consideration  of  six  hun- 
dred and  fifty  dollars,  to  me  paid  by  Columbus  C.  Chapman, 
Astoria,  Illinois,  of  the  second  ]^art,  the  receipt  whereof  is  hereby 
acknowledged,  have  sold,  and  by  this  instrument  do  convey  unto 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS. 


1061 


the  said  Cliapliian,  party  of  tlie  second  part,  his  executors,  admin- 
istrators, And  a-si^ns,  mj  undivided  iialf  of  ten  acres  of  corn  on 
my  farm  in  tlie  town  of  Deer  Creek,  Illinois;  one  pair  of  horses, 
twenty  sheep,  and  five  cows,  belonging  to  me,  and  in  my  possess^ion 
at  the  farm  aforesaid;  to  have  and  to  hold  the  same  unto  the  ])arty 
of  tlie  second  j^art,  his  executors  and  assigns,  forever.  And  I  do, 
for  myself  and  legal  representatives,  agree  with  the  said  party  of 
tlie  second  part,  and  his  legal  representatives,  to  wai-rant  and  defend 
the  sale  of  the  aforementioned  property  and  chattels  unto  the  said 
party  of  the  second  part,  and  his  legal  representatives,  against  all 
and  every  person  whatsoever. 

In  witness  whereof  I  have  hereunto  affixed  mv  hand  this  tenth 
day  of  October,  one  thousand  eight  hundred  and  seventy-nine. 

B.  F.  Lewis, 

DAYS  OF  GRACE. 

No  check,  draft,  bill  of  exchange,  promissory  note,  order,  or 
negotiable  instrument,  payable  at  sight  or  on  demand,  or  on  pre- 
sentment, shall  be  entitled  to  days  of  grace.  All  other  bills  of 
excliange,  drafts  or  notes  are  entitled  to  three  days  of  grace.  All 
the  above-mentioned  paper  falling  due  on  Sunday,  New  Year's  day, 
Fourth  of  July,  Christmas,  or  any  day  appointed  or  recommended 
by  the  President  of  the  United  States  or  Governor  of  the  State  as 
a  day  of  fasting  or  thanksgiving,  shall  be  deemed  as  due  on  the 
day  previous;  and  should  two  or  more  of  these  days  come  together, 
then  such  instrument  shall  be  treated  as  due  on  the  day  previous  to 
the  first  of  said  davs. 

LIMITATION  OF  ACTION. 

The  limit  of  time  in  which  action  may  be  brought  on  certain 
things  is  as  loUows:  Open  accounts,  five  years;  notes  and  written 
contracts,  ten  years;  judgments,  twenty  years;  partial  payments  or 
new  promise  in  writing,  within  or  after  said  period,  will  revive 
the  debt;  absence  from  the  State  deducted,  and  when  the  cause  of 
action  is  bai-red  by  the  law  of  another  State,  it  has  the  same  effect 
here;  assault,  slander,  libel,  replevin,  one  year;  personal  injuries, 
two  years;  to  recover  land  or  make  entry  thereon,  twenty  years;  and 
sealed  and  witnessed  instruments,  as  action  to  foreclose  mortgage 
or  trust  deed,  within  ten  years.  All  persons  in  possession  of  land, 
and  paying  taxes  for  seven  consecutive  years,  with  color  of  title,  and 
all  persons  paying  taxes  for  seven  consecutive  years,  with  color  of 
title,  on  vacant  land,  shall  be  held  to  be  the  legal  owners  to  the 
extent  of  their  paper  title. 


1  ()()2  DIGEST   OF   STATE   LAWS. 

RECEIPTS. 

Receipts  should  always  state  when  received  and  what  for;  and  if 
receipt  is  in  full  it  should  be  so  stated.     We  give  two  forms: 

FOR   MONEY   ON    ACCOUNT. 

Received,  Knoxville,  111.,  Nov.  10,  1878,  of  J.  C.  Cover,  sixty 
dollars  on  account.     $60.  J.  H.  Fkanklin. 

FOR  MONET  ADVANCED  ON  A  CONTKACT. 

$100.  .  Galesbfrg,  III.,  June  9,  1868. 

Received  of  Fernando  Ross,  one  hundred  dollars,  in  advance,  on 
contract  to  build  for  him  a  brick  house  at  No.  76  Kellogg  street. 

Samuel  J.  Chapman. 

EXEMPTIONS  FROM  FORCED  SALES. 

The  follotoing  personal  property  and  home  worth  $1,000, — Lot 
of  ground  and  buildings  thereon,  occupied  as  a  residence  by  the 
debtor,  being  a  householder  and  having  a  family,  to  the  value  of 
$1,000.  Exemption  continues  after  the  death  of  the  householder  for 
the  benefit  of  the  widow  and  family,  some  of  them  occupying  the 
homestead  until  the  youngest  shall  become  twenty-one  years  of  age, 
and  until  the  death  of  the  widow.  There  is  no  exemption  from  sale 
for  taxes,  assessments,  debt  or  liability  incurred  for  the  purchase  or 
improvement  of  said  homestead.  No  release  or  waiver  of  exemption 
is  valid  unless  in  writing  and  subscribed  by  such  householder  and 
wife  (if  he  has  one),  and  acknowledged  as  conveyances  of  real  estate 
are  required  to  be  acknowledged. 

The  following  articles  of  personal  property  owned  by  the  debtor 
are  exempt  from  execution,  writ  of  attachment,  and  distress  for  rent: 
The  necessary  wearing  apparel.  Bibles,  school-books  and  family  pic- 
tures of  every  person;  and  one  hundred  doUars'worth  of  other  prop- 
erty, to  be  selected  by  the  debtor,  and  in  addition,  when  the  debtor 
is  the  head  of  a  family  and  resides  with  the  same,  three  hundred  dol- 
lars' worth  of  other  property  to  be  selected  by  the  debtor, — provided 
that  such  selection  and  exemption  shall  not  be  made  bj'  the  debtor 
or  allowed  to  him  or  her  from  any  money,' salary  or  wages  due  him  or 
her  from  any  person  or  persons  or  corporations  whatever.  When  the 
head  of  the  family  dies,  deserts,  or  does  not  reside  with  the  same, 
the  family  shall  be  entitled  to  and  receive  all  the  benefit  and  priv- 
ilege which  are  by  this  act  conferred  upon  the  head  of  a  family 
residing  with  the  same.     JSo  personal  property  is  exempt  from  exe- 


DIGEST    OK    STATE    LAWS.  1063 

cution  when  judgment  is  o.btained  for  the  wages  of  laborers  or  ser- 
vants. Wages  of  a  laborer  who  is  tlie  head  of  a  family  cannot  be 
garnisheed  except  for  the  sum  due  him  in  excess  of  $25. 

LANDLORDS  AND  TENANTS. 

The  princi]ial  obligation  on  the  part  of  a  landlord,  which  is  in 
fact  always  to  be  implied  as  a  necessary  condition  to  his  receiving 
any  rent,  is,  that  the  tenant  shall  enjoy  the  quiet  possession  of  the 
premises, — which  means,  substantially,  that  he  shall  not  be  turned 
out  of  possession  of  the  whole  or  any  material  part  of  the  premises 
by  any  one  having  a  title  paramount  to  that  of  the  landlord,  or  that 
the  landlord  shall  not  himself  disturb  or  render  his  occupation  un- 
comfortable by  the  erection  of  a  nuisance  on  or  near  the  premises, 
or  otherwise  oblige  him  to  quit  possession.  But  if  he  be  ousted  by  a 
stranger, — that  is,  by  one  having  no  title, — or  after  the  rent  has 
fallen  due,  or  if  the  molestation  proceeds  from  acts  of  a  third  person, 
the  landload  is  in  neither  case  responsible  for  it.  Another  obligation 
which  the  law  imposes  on  the  landlord,  in  the  absence  of  any  ex- 
press stipulation  in  the  lease,  is  the  payment  of  all  taxes  chargeable 
upon  the  property,  or  any  ground  rents  or  interest  upon  mortgages 
to  which  it  may  be  subject.  Ever}'  landlord  is  bound  to  protect  his 
tenant  against  all  paramount  claims.  And  if  a  tenant  is  comj)elled, 
in  order  to  protect  himself  in  the  enjoyment  of  the  land  in  respect 
of  which  his  rent  is  payable,  to  make  payment  which  ought,  as  be- 
tween himself  and  his  landlord,  to  have  been"  made  by  the  latter,  he 
may  call  upon  the  landlord  to  reimburse  him,  or  he  may  deduct 
such  payment  from  the  rent  due  or  to  become  due.  But  the  land- 
lord is  under  no  obligation  to  make  repairs,  or  to  rebuild  in  case  the 
premises  should  be  burned;  nor  does  he  guaranty  that  they  are 
reasonably  fit  for  the  purpose  for  which  they  are  taken.  And  it  is 
not  in  the  power  of  a  tenant  to  make  repairs  at  the  expense  of  his 
landlord,  unless  there  be  a  special  agreement  between  them  author- 
izing him  to  do  so;  for  the  tenant  takes  the  premises  for  better  or 
worse,  and  cannot  involve  the  landlord  in  expense  for  repairs  without 
his  consent.  Even  if  the  premises  have  become  uninhabitable  by 
fire,  and  the  landlord,  having  insured  tliem,  has  recovered  the 
insurance  money,  the  tenant  cannot  compel  him  to  expend  the 
money  so  recovered  in  rebuilding,  unless  he  has  expressly  engaged 
to  do  so ;  nor  can  he  in  such  an  event  protect  himself  from  the  payment 
of  rent  during  the  unexpired  balance  of  the  term,  unless  exempted 


10G4  DTGKST   OF    STATE    LAWS. 

therefrom  by  statute  or  the  terms  of  the  lease.  The  uninhabit- 
ableness  of  a  house  is  not  a  good  defense  to  an  action  for  rent.  If 
the  landlord  expressly  covenanted  to  repair,  the  tenant  cannot  quit 
and  discharge  himself  of  rent  because  the  repairs  are  not  made,  un- 
less there  is  a  provision  to  that  eflect;  and  if  a  landlord  is  bound  by 
custom  or  by  express  agreement  to  repair,  this  obligation,  and  the 
obligation  of  the  tenant  to  pay  rent,  are  independent  of  each  other, 
so  that  the  refusal  or  neglect  of  the  landlord  to  repair  is  no  answer 
to  a  demand  for  rent.  The  tenant  is  answerable  for  anv  neglect  to 
repair  highways,  fences,  or  party  walls.  He  is  also  liable  for  all 
injuries  produced  by  the  mismanagement  of  his  servants,  or  by  a 
nuisance  kept  upon  the  premises,  or  by  an  obstruction  of  the  high- 
ways adjacent  to  them,  or  the  like.  One  of  the  principal  obligations 
which  the  law  imposes  upon  every  tenant,  independent  of  any  agree- 
ment, is  to  treat  the  premises  in  such  a  manner  that  no  substantial 
injury  shall  be  done  to  them,  an  !  so  that  they  may  revert  to  the 
landlord  at  the  end  of  the  term  unimpaired  by  any  willful  or  negli- 
gent conduct  on  his  part. 

A  tenancy  from  year  to  year  requires  sixtj'  days'  notice  in  writing 
to  terminate  the  same  at  the  end  of  the  year;  such  notice  can  be 
given  at  any  time  within  four  months  preceding  the  last  sixty  days 
of  the  year. 

A  tenancy  by  the  month,  or  less  than  a  year,  where  the  tenant 
holds  over  without  any  special  agreement,  the  landlord  may  termi- 
nate the  tenancv  bv  tliirtv  davs'  notice  in  writing. 

When  rent  is  due,  the  landlord  may  serve  a  notice  upon  the  ten- 
ant, stating  that  unless  the  rent  is  paid  within  not  less  than  tive 
days,  his  lease  will  be  terminated;  if  the  rent  is  not  paid,  the  land- 
lord may  consider  the  lease  ended.  When  a  default  is  made  in  any 
of  the  terms  of  the  lease,  it  shall  not  be  necessary  to  give  more 
than  ten  days'  notice  to  quit  or  of  the  termination  of  such  tenancy; 
and  the  same  may  be  terminated  on  giving  such  notice  to  quit,  at 
any  time  at"ter  such  default  in  any  of  tlie  terms  of  such  lease; 
which  notice  may  be  substantially  in  the  following  form: 

To ,  You  are  hereby  notified  that,  in  consequence  of  your 

default  [here  insert  the  ciiaracter  of  the  default],  of  the  premises 
now  occupied   Ity  you,  being,  etc.,  [here  describe  the  premises],  I 
have  elected  to  determine  your  lease,  and  you  are  hereby  notified  to 
quit  and  deliver  up  possession  of  the  same  to  me  within  ten  days  of, 
this  date  [dated,  etc]. 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  1065 

The  above  to  be  sii^ned  by  the  lessor  or  his  agent,  and  no  other 
notice  or  demand  of  possession  or  termination  of  such  tenancy  is 
necessary. 

Demand  may  be  made  or  notice  served  by  delivering  a  written  or 
printed,  or  partly  either,  copy  thereof  to  the  tenant,  or  leaving  the 
same  with  some  person  above  the  age  of  twelve  years,  residing  on 
or  in  poss'ession  of  the  premises;  and  in  case  no  one  is  in  actual 
possession  of  said  premises,  then  by  posting  the  same  on  the  prem- 
ises. When  the  tenancy  is  for  a  certain  time,  and  the  term  expires 
by  the  terms  of  the  lease,  the  tenant  is  then  bound  to  surrender 
possession,  and  no  notice  to  quit  or  demand  possession  is  necessary, 

DISTRESS    FOR    RENT. 

In  all  cases  of  distress  for  rent,  the  landlord,  by  himself,  his  agent 
or  his  attorney,  may  seize  for  rent  any  personal  property  of  his  ten- 
ant that  may  be  found  in  the  county  where  the  tenant  resides.  The 
property  of  any  other  person,  even  if  found  on  the  premises,  is  not 
liable. 

An  inventory  of  the  property  levied  upon,  with  a  statement  of 
the  amount  of  rent  claimed,  should  be  at  once  filed  with  some 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  if  not  over  $200;  and  if  above  that  sum,  with 
the  Clerk  of  a  Court  of  Record  of  competent  jurisdiction.  Property 
may  be  released  by  a  party  executing  a  satisfactory  bond  for  double 
the  amount. 

The  landlord  may  distrain  for  rent  any  time  within  six  months 
after  the  expiration  of  the  term  of  lease,  or  when  terminated. 

In  all  cases  where  the  premises  rented  shall  be  sub-let,  or  the 
lease  assigned,  the  landlord  shall  have  the  same  right  to  enforce 
lien  against  such  lessee  or  assignee,  that  he  has  against  the  tenant 
to  whom  the  premises  were  rented. 

When  a  tenant  abandons  or  removes  from  the  premises,  or  any 
part  thereof,  the  landlord,  or  his  agent  or  his  attorney  may  seize 
upon  any  grain  or  crops  grown  or  growing  upon  the  premises,  or 
part  thereof  so  abandoned,  whether  the  rent  is  due  or  not.  If  such 
grain  or  other  crops,  or  any  part  thereof,  is  not  fully  grown  or 
matured,  the  landlord,  or  his  agent  or  attorney  shall  cause  the  same 
to  be  properly  cultivated,  harvested  or  gathered,  and  may  sell  the 
same,  and  from  the  proceeds  pay  all  his  labor,  expenses  and  rent. 
The  tenant  may,  before  the  sale  of  such  property,  redeem  the  same 


10G4  DIGKST   OF    STATE    LAWS. 

therefrom  bv  statute  or  the  terras  of  the  lease.  The  uninhabit- 
ableness  of  a  house  is  not  a  good  defense  to  an  action  for  rent.  If 
the  landlord  expressly  covenanted  to  repair,  the  tenant  cannot  quit 
and  discharge  himself  of  rent  because  the  repairs  are  not  made,  un- 
less there  is  a  provision  to  thateflect;  and  if  a  landlord  is  bound  by 
custom  or  by  express  agreement  to  repair,  this  obligation,  and  the 
obligation  of  the  tenant  to  pay  rent,  are  independent  of  each  other, 
so  that  the  refusal  or  neglect  of  the  landlord  to  repair  is  no  answer 
to  a  demand  for  rent.  The  tenant  is  answerable  for  any  neglect  to 
repair  highways,  fences,  or  party  walls.  He  is  also  liable  for  all 
injuries  produced  by  the  mismanagement  of  his  servants,  or  by  a 
nuisance  kept  upon  the  premises,  or  by  an  obstruction  of  the  high- 
ways adjacent  to  them,  or  the  like.  One  of  the  principal  obligations 
which  the  law  imposes  upon  every  tenant,  independent  of  an  v  agree- 
ment, is  to  treat  the  premises  in  such  a  manner  that  no  substantial 
iniurv  shall  be  done  to  them,  an  J  so  that  thev  mav  revert  to  the 
landlord  at  the  end  of  the  term  unimpaired  by  any  willful  or  negli- 
gent conduct  on  his  part. 

A  tenancy  from  year  toj'ear  requires  sixty  days'  notice  in  writing 
to  terminate  the  same  at  the  end  of  the  year;  such  notice  can  be 
given  at  any  time  within  four  months  preceding  the  last  sixty  days 
of  the  year. 

A  tenancy  by  the  month,  or  less  than  a  year,  where  the  tenant 
holds  over  without  any  special  agreement,  the  landlord  may  termi- 
nate the  tenancv  bv  tliirtv  davs'  notice  in  writing. 

AVhen  rent  is  due,  the  landlord  may  serve  a  notice  upon  the  ten- 
ant, stating  that  unless  the  rent  is  paid  within  not  less  than  live 
days,  his  lease  will  be  terminated;  if  the  rent  is  not  paid,  the  land- 
lord ma}'  consider  the  lease  ended.  When  a  default  is  made  in  any 
of  the  terms  of  the  lease,  it  shall  not  be  necessary  to  give  more 
than  ten  daj^s'  notice  to  quit  or  of  the  termination  of  such  tenancy; 
and  the  same  may  be  terminated  on  giving  such  notice  to  quit,  at 
any  time  after  such  default  in  any  of  the  terms  of  such  lease; 
which  notice  may  be  substantially  in  the  following  form: 

To ,  You  are  hereby  notified  that,  in  consequence  of  your 

default  [here  insert  the  character  of  the  default],  of  the  prenjises 
now  occupied   by  you,  being,  etc.,  [here  describe  the  premises],  I 
have  elected  to  determine  your  lease,  and  you  are  ht-reby  notified  to 
quit  and  deliver  up  jiossession  of  the  same  to  me  within  ten  days  of. 
this  date  [dated,  etc]. 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  1065 

The  above  to  be  signed  by  the  lessor  or  his  ao-ent,  and  no  other 
notice  or  demand  of  possession  or  termination  of  such  tenancy  is 
necessary. 

Demand  may  be  made  or  notice  served  by  deliverin<^  a  written  or 
printed,  or  partly  either,  copy  thereof  t(^  the  tenant,  or  leaving  the 
same  with  some  person  above  the  age  of  twelve  years,  residing  on 
or  in  possession  of  the  premises;  and  in  case  no  one  is  in  actual 
possession  of  said  premises,  then  by  posting  the  same  on  the  prem- 
ises. When  the  tenancy  is  for  a  certain  time,  and  the  term  expires 
by  the  terms  of  the  lease,  the  tenant  is  then  bound  to  surrender 
possession,  and  no  notice  to  quit  or  demand  possession  is  necessary. 

DISTRESS    FOR   RENT. 

In  all  cases  of  distress  for  rent,  the  landlord,  by  himself,  his  agent 
or  his  attorney,  may  seize  for  rent  any  personal  property  of  his  ten- 
ant that  may  be  found  in  the  county  where  the  tenant  resides.  The 
property  of  any  other  person,  even  if  found  on  the  premises,  is  not 
liable. 

An  inventory  of  the  property  levied  upon,  with  a  statement  of 
the  amount  of  rent  claimed,  should  be  at  once  filed  with  some 
Justice  of  the  Peace,  if  not  over  $200;  and  if  above  that  sum,  with 
the  Clerk  of  a  Court  of  Record  of  competent  jurisdiction.  Property 
may  be  released  by  a  party  executing  a  satisfactory  bond  for  double 
the  amount. 

The  landlord  may  distrain  for  rent  any  time  within  six  months 
after  tiie  expiration  of  the  term  of  lease,  or  when  terminated. 

Ill  all  cases  where  the  premises  rented  shall  be  sub-let,  or  the 
lease  assigned,  the  landlord  shall  have  the  same  right  to  enforce 
lien  against  such  lessee  or  assignee,  that  he  has  against  the  tenant 
to  whom  the  premises  were  rented. 

When  a  tenant  abandons  or  removes  from  the  premises,  or  any 
part  thereof,  the  landlord,  or  his  agent  or  his  attorney  may  seize 
upon  any  grain  or  crops  grown  or  growing  upon  the  premises,  or 
part  thereof  so  abandoned,  whether  the  rent  is  due  or  not.  If  such 
grain  or  other  crops,  or  any  part  thereof,  is  not  fully  grown  or 
matured,  the  landlord,  or  his  agent  or  attorney  shall  cause  the  same 
to  be  properly  cultivated,  harvested  or  gathered,  and  may  sell  the 
same,  and  from  the  proceeds  pay  all  his  labor,  expenses  and  rent. 
The  tenant  may,  before  the  sale  of  such  property,  redeem  the  same 


lOGB  nrrxEPT  of  state  laws. 

bj  tendering  the  rent  and  reasonable  compensation  for  the  work 
done,  or  he  may  replevy  the  same. 

EXEMPTION. 

The  same  articles  of  personal  property  which  are  by  law  exempt 
from  execution,  except  the  crops,  as  above  mentioned,  are  also 
exempt  from  distress  for  rent.  « 

If  any  tenant  is  about  to,  or  shall  permit,  or  attempt  to  sell  or 
remove  from  the  premises,  without  the  consent  of  his  landlord, 
such  portion  of  the  crops  raised  thereon  as  will  endanger  the  lien 
of  the  landlord  upon  such  crops,  for  the  rent,  it  shall  be  lawful  for 
the  landlord  to  distress  before  rent  is  due. 

CRIMINAL  LAW 

Is  that  branch  of  jurisprudence  which  treats  of  criminal  offenses. 
The  extreme  injportance  of  a  knowledge  of  criminal  law  is  self- 
evident;  for  a  mistake  in  point  of  law,  which  every  person  of  dis- 
cretion not  only  may  know,  but  is  bound  and  presumed  to  know,  is 
in  criminal  cases  no  defense.  This  law  is  administered  upon  the 
principle  that  every  one  must  be  taken  conclusively  to  know  it, 
without  proof  that  he  does  know  it.  This  doctrine  has  been  carried 
so  far  as  to  include  the  case  of  a  foreigner  charged  with  a  crime 
which  was  no  offense  in  his  own  country.^  And  further,  the 
criminal  law,  whether  common  or  statute,  is  imperative  with  refer- 
ence to  the  conduct  of  individuals;  so  that,  if  a  statute  forbids  or 
commands  a  thing  to  be  done,  all  acts  or  omissions  contrary  to  the 
prohibition  or  command  of  the  statute  are  offenses  at  common  law, 
and  ordinarily  indictable  as  such.  "When  a  statute  punishes  a 
crime  by  its  legal  designation  without  enumerating  the  acts  which 
constitute  it,  then  it  is  necessary  to  resort  to  the  common  law  for  a 
definition  of  the  crime  with  its  distinctions  and  qualificatio?is.  So» 
if  an  act  is  made  criminal,  l)ut  no  mode  of  prosecution  is  directed 
or  no  punishment  provided,  the  common  law  (in  the  absence  of  a 
statute  to  the  contrary)  furnishes  its  aid,  prescribing  the  mode  of 
prosecution  by  indictment,  and  its  mode  of  punishment  by  fine  and 
inprisonment.  So  far.  therefore,  as  the  rules  and  principles  of  com- 
mon law  are  applicable  to  the  administration  of  the  criminal  law, 
and  have  not  been  altered  or  moditied  by  legislation  .or  judicial 
decisions,  they  have  the  same  force  and  effect  as  laws  finally  enacted. 


muiiST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  1  ()()"; 

The  following  are  some  of  the  leading  jjrinciples  of  the  criminal 
law: 

1.  Every  man  is  [)resiimed  to  be  innocent  till  the  contrary  is 
shown;  and  if  there  is  any  reasonable  cii>ubt  of  his  guilt,  he  is  en- 
titled to  the  benefit  of  tlfe  doubt. 

2.  In  general,  no  [)ersou  can  be  brought  to  trial  till  a  grand  jury 
on  examination  of  the  charge  has  found  reason  to  hold  him  to  trial. 

3.  The  prisoner  is  entitled  to  trial  by  a  jury  of  his  peers,  who  are 
chosen  from  the  body  of  the  people  with  a  view  to  impartiality,  and 
whose  decision  on  questions  of  facts  is  final. 

4.  The  question  of  his  guilt  is  to  be  determined  without  reference 
to  his  general  character,  previous  history,  or  habits  of  life. 

5.  The  prisoner  cannot  be  required  to  criminate  himself,  nor  be 
compelled  even  to  exculpate  himself  by  giving  his  own  testimony 
on  trial. 

6.  He  cannot  be  twice  put  in  jeopardy  for  the  same  ofiense. 

T.  He  cannot  be  punished  for  an  act  which  was  not  an  offense  by 
the  law  existing  at  the  time  of  its  commission;  nor  can  a  serverer 
punishment  be  inflicted  than  was  declared  by  the  law  at  the  time  of 
its  commission. 

Crimes  are  sometimes  classified  according  to  the  degree  of  pun- 
ishment incurred  by  their  commission.-  They  are  more  generally 
arranged  according  to  the  nature  of  the  offense.  The  following  is, 
perhaps,  as  complete  a  classification  as  the  subject  admits: 

I.  Offenses  against  the  sovereignti/  of  the  State — 1,  treason;  2 
misprision  of  treason. 

II.  Offenses  against  the  lives  and  persons  of  individuals — 1, 
murder;  2,  manslaughter;  3,  attempt  to  kill  or  murder;  4,  may- 
hem; 5,  rape  ;  6,  robbery.  7,  kidnapping;  8,  false  imprisonment; 
9,  abduction;  10,  assault  and  battery. 

III.  Off'enses  against  j^uhlic property — 1,  burning  or  destroying 
public  property;  2,  injury  to  same. 

lY.  Offenses  against  private  propertij — 1,  arson;  2,  burglary; 
3,  larceny;  4,  obtaining  goods  under  false  pretenses;  5,  embezzle- 
ment ;  6.  malicious  mischief. 

V.  Offenses  against  jmhlic  justice — 1,  perjury;  2,  bribery;  3, 
destroying  public  records;  4,  counterfeiting  ])ublic  seals  ;  5,  jail 
breach;  6,  escape;  7,  resistance  to  officers;  8,  obstructing  legal 
process;  9,  barratry;  10,  maintenance;   11,   champerty;   12,  con- 


106S  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAAVS. 

tempt  of  court;  13,  oppression;   14,  extortion;  l.j,  suppression  of 
evidence;  1(5,  compounding  felony;  17,  misprision  of  felony. 

VI.  Offenses  against  the  public  peace — 1,  challenging  or  accept- 
ing a  challenge  to  a  duel;.. 2,  unlawful  assembly;  3,  rows;  4,  riot; 
5,  breach  of  the  peace;  6,  libel. 

VII.  Offenses  agaiwit  chastity— 1^  sodomy;  2,  bestiality;  3, 
adultery;  4,  incest;  5,  bigamy;  6,  seduction;  7,  fornication;  8, 
lascivious  carriage;  9,  keeping  and  frequenting  houses  of  ill-fame. 

VIII.  Of enses  against  public  2iolicy — ■!,  false  currency;  2,  lot- 
teries; 3,  gambling;  4,  immoral  shovs^s;  5,  violation  of  the  right 
of  suffrage;  6,  destruction  of  game,  fish,  etc.;  7,  nuisance. 

IX.  Offenses  against  the  currency^  and  public  and  private 
securities — 1,  forgery;  2,  counterfeiting;  3,  passing  counterfeit 
money. 

X.  Offenses  against  religion  and  morality — 1,  blasphemy;  2, 
profanity;  3,  Sabbath-breaking;  4,  obscenity;  5,  cruelty  to  ani- 
mals; 6,  drunkenness;  7,  promoting  intemperance. 

XI.  Offenses  against  the  public^  individuals^  07'  their  property 
— 1,  conspiracy. 

TAXES. 

The  owners  of  real  and  personal  property,  on  the  first  day  of 
March  of  each  year,  are  lial>le  for  taxes  thereon. 

Assessments  should  be  completed  before  the  fourth  Monday  in 
June,  at  which  time  the  Town  Board  of  Review  meets  to  examine 
assessments,  hear  objections,  and  make  such  changes  as  ought  to  be 
made.  The  County  Board  have  also  power  to  correct  or  change 
assessments. 

The  tax-books  are  placed  in  the  hands  of  the  Town  Collector  on 
or  before  the  teutli  day  of  December,  who  retains  them  until  the 
tenth  day  of  March  following,  when  he  is  required  to  return  them 
to  the  County  Treasurer,  who  then  collects  all  delinquent  taxes. 

No  costs  accrue  on  real  estate  taxes  until  advertised,  which  takes 
place  on  the  first  day  of  April,  when  three  weeks'  notice  is  required 
before  judgment.  Cost  of  advertising,  twenty  cents  each  tract  of 
land,  and  ten  cents  each  lot. 

Judgment  is  usually  obtained  at  the  May  term  of  County  Court. 
Costs  six  cents  each  tract  of  land,  and  five  cents  each  lot.  Sale 
takes  place  in  June.     Costs,  in  addition  to  those  mentioned,  twen- 


DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS.  1060 

ty-eight  cents  each    tract  of   laad,  and  twenty-seven  cents  each 
town  lot. 

Real  estate  sold  for  taxes  may  be  redeemed  any  time  before  the 
expiration  of  two  years  from  the  date  of  sale  by  payment  to  the 
County  Clerk  of  the  amount  for  which  it  was  sold,  and  twenty-five 
per  cent,  thereon  if  redeemed  within  six  months,  tiity  per  cent,  if 
redeemed  between  six  and  twelve  months;  if  between  twelve  and 
eighteen  months,  seventy-five  per  cent.,  and  if  batween  eighteen 
months  and  two  years,  one  hundred  per  cent.  ;  and,  in  addition,  all 
subsequent  taxes  paid  by  the  purchaser,  with  ten  per  cent,  interest 
thereon;  also,  one  dollar  each  tract,  if  notice  is  given  by  the  pur- 
chaser of  the  sale,  and  a  fee  of  twenty-five  cents  to  the  Clerk  for 
his  certificate. 

SUBSCRIPTION. 

The  selling  of  books  by  subscription  is  so  frequently  brought 
into  disrepute  by  agents  making  representations  not  authorized  by 
the  publishers,  that  the  public  are  often  swindled.  That  there 
may  be  more  general  knowledge  of  the  relation  such  agents  bear 
to  their  principal,  and  the  law  governing  such  cases,  we  give  the 
following  rules,  which,  if  followed,  will  save  a  great  deal  of  trouble 
and  perhaps  serious  loss. 

A  subscription  is  the  placing  of  a  signature  below  a  written  or 
printed  engagement.  It  is  the  act  by.  which  a  person  contracts,  in 
writing,  to  furnish  a  sum  of  money  for  a  particular  purpose:  as,  a 
subscription  to  a  charitable  institution,  a  subscription  for  a  book, 
and  the  like.  In  the  case  of  a  book,  the  consideration  is  concur- 
rent that  the  publisher  shall  publish  the  book  named,  and  deliver 
the  same,  for  which  the  subscriber  is  to  pay  the  price  named.  The 
prospectus  and  sample  should  be  carefully  examined  before  sub- 
scribing, as  they  are  the  basis  and  consideration  of  the  promise  to 
pay,  and  not  the  too  often  exaggerated  statements  of  the  agent, 
who  is  merely  employed  to  solicit  subscriptions,  for  which  he 
usually  receives  a  commission  for  each  subscriber,  and  has  no 
authority  to  change  or  alter  the  conditions  upon  which  the  sub- 
scriptions are  authorized  to  be  made  by  the  publishers.  Should 
the  agent  assume  to  agree  to  make  the  subscription  conditional,  or 
modify  or  change  the  agreement  of  the  publisher,  as  set. out  by 
the  prospectus  and  sample,  in  order  to  bind  the  publishers,  the 


1070  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

subscriber  should  see  that  such  condition  or  change  is  stated  over, 
or  in  connection  with  his  signature,  so  the  publishers  may  have 
notice  of  the  same. 

When  several  persons  promise  to  contribute  to  a  common  object, 
desii'ed  by  all,  the  promise  of  each  may  be  a  good  consideration  for 
the  promise  of  others.  In  general  subscriptions  on  certain  condi- 
tions in  favor  of  the  party  subscribing,  are  binding  when  the  acts 
stipulated  are  performed.  Subscription  is  in  the  nature  of  a  con- 
tract of  mutual  promises.  All  persons  should  remember  that  the 
law  as  to  written  contracts  is,  that  they  can  not  he  altered^  varied^  or 
rescinded  verbally,  but  if  done  at  all,  must  be  done  in  writing.  It 
is  therefore  important  that  all  persons  contemplating  subscribing 
should  distinctly  understand  that  all  talk  before  or  after  the  sub- 
scription  is  made  is  not  admissible  as  evidence,  and  is  no  part  of 
the  contract.  Persons  before  signing  their  names  to  any  subscrip- 
tion book,  or  any  written  instrument,  should  carefully  examine 
what  it  is;  if  they  cannot  read,  they  should  call  on  some  one  dis- 
interested who  can. 

Persons  who  solicit  subscriptions  are  known  to  the  trade  as  can- 
vassers. They  are  agents  appointed  to  do  a  particular  business  in 
u  prescribed  mode,  and  have  no  authority  to  do  it  in  any  other  way 
to  the  prejudice  of  their  principal,  nor  can  they  bind  their  principal 
in  any  other  matter.  They  can  not  collect  money,  or  agree  that 
payment  may  be  made  in  anything  else  than  money.  They  cannot 
extend  the  time  of  payment  beyond  the  time  of  delivery,  nor  bind 
their  principal  for  payment  of  expenses  incurred  in  their  business. 

Where  you  pay  money  to  an  agent  you  should  satisfy  yourself  of 
his  authority  to  collect  money  for  his  employer. 

CONTRACT  FOR  PERSONAL  SERVICES. 

When  a  contract  is  entire  and  has  been  only  partiallj-  fulfilled, 
the  party  in  fault  may  nevertheless  recover  from  the  other  partv  iov 
the  actual  benefit  received  and  retained  by  the  other  party,  less  the 
danuiges  sustained  by  such  other  party  by  reason  of  the  partial 
non-fulfillment  of  the  contract.  This  may  be  done  in  all  cases 
where  the  other  party  has  received  benefit  from  the  partial  fulfill- 
ment of  the  contract,  whether  he  has  so  received  the  same  from 
choice  or  from  the  necessities  of  the  case.  Where  D  hired  B  to 
work  for  him  for  seven  months  at  $15  per  month,  and  B  worked 


DIGEST    OF    STATK    LAWS.  1071 

for  D  only  lifty-nine  days,  and  then  quit  without  any  reasonable 
excuse  therefor,  it  was  held  that  B  might  nevertheless  recover  fVom 
D  for  what  the  work  was  reasonably  worth,  less  any  daniai>t>  that 
D  may  have  sustained  by  reason  of  the  partial  non-fulfilhnent  of  / 
the  contract. 

NEWSPAPER  LIBEL. 

Allowing  the  most  liberal  rule  as  to  the  liability  of  persons  in 
public  employment  to  criticism  for  their  conduct  in  which  the 
pul)lic  are  interested,  there  never  has  been  a  rule  which  subjected 
persons,  private  or  public,  to  be  falsely  traduced.  No  publication 
is  privileged  except  a  bona  fide  representation,  made  without 
malice,  to  the  proper  authority,  complaining  on  reasonable  grounds. 
The  nearest  approach  to  this  license  is  where  the  person  vilified 
presents  himself  before  the  body  of  the  public  as  a  candidate  for  an 
elective  office.  But  even  then  there  is  no  doctrine  which  will  sub- 
ject him  without  remedy  to  every  species  of  malevolent  attack. 

TENDER. 

If  the  tender  be  of  money,  it  can  be  a  defense  only  when  made 
before  the  action  was  brought.  A  tender  does  not  bar  the  debt  as 
a  payment  would,  for  in  general  he  is  bound  to  pay  the  sum  which 
he  tendered,  whenever  he  is  required  to  do  so.  But  it  puts  a  stop 
to  accruing  damages  or  interest  for  delay  in  payment,  and  saves 
the  defendant  costs.  It  need  not  be  made  by  the  defendant  person- 
ally; if  made  by  a  third  person,  at  his  request,  it  is  sufficient;  and 
if  made  by  a  stranger  without  his  knowledge  or  request,  a  subse- 
quent assent  of  the  debtor  will  operate  as  a  ratification  of  the 
agency,  and  make  the  tender  good.  Any  person  may  make  a  valid 
tender  for  an  idiot.  If  an  agent,  furnished  with  money  to  make  a 
tender,  at  his  own  risk  tender  more,  it  is  good.  So,  a  tender  need 
not  be  made  to  a  creditor  personally;  but  it  must  be  made  to  an 
agent  actually  authorized  to  receive  the  money.  If  the  money  be 
due  to  several  jointly,  it  may  be  tendered  to  either,  but  must  be 
pleaded  as  made  to  all.  The  whole  sum  due  must  be  tendered,  as 
the  creditor  is  not  bound  to  receive  a  part  of  his  debt.  If  the 
tender  be  of  the  whole  debt,  it  is  valid.  If  the  obligation  be  in  the 
alternative,  one  thing  or  another,  as  the  creditor  may  choose,  the 
tender  should  be  of  both,  that  he  may  make  his  choice.  To  make 
a  tender  of  money  valid  the  money  must  be  actually  produced  and 


1 07*2  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

proffered,  unless  the  creditor  expressly  or  impliedly  waives  this 
production.  The  debtor  is  not  bound  to  count  out  the  money,  if  he 
has  it  and  ofters  it.  No  conditions  must  be  annexed  to  the  tender, 
which  the  creditor  can  have  any  good  reason  whatever  lor  objecting 
to;  as  for  instance,  that  he  should  give  a  receipt  in  full  of  all 
demands.  The  tender  should  be  made  in  money  made  lawful  by 
the  State  in  which  it  is  offered.  Generally,  a  tender  is  valid  and 
effectual  if  made  at  any  time  after  the  debt  is  due;  and  a  demand 
made  after  the  tender  if  for  more  than  the  sum  tendered,  will  not 
avoid  the  tender.  Certainly  not,  if  the  demand  is  for  more  than 
the  real  debt,  although  the  excess  was  for  ai;other  debt  truly  due. 

Tender  of  C/iattels. — The  thing  tendered  ma\'not  be  mone}-,  but 
some  specific  article.  If  one  is  bound  to  deliver  chattels  at  a  partic- 
ular time  and  place,  it  may  not  be  enough  if  he  has  them  there;  they 
may  be  mingled  with  others  of  a  like  kind  which  he  is  not  to 
deliver.  Or  they  may  need  some  act  of  separation,  or  identifica- 
tion, or  completion,  before  they  could  become  the  property  of  the 
other  party.  Generally,  if  no  time  or  place  be  specified,  the  articles 
are  to  be  delivered  where  they  are  at  the  time  of  the  contract, 
unless  collateral  circumstances  designate  a  difierent  place.  If  the 
time  be  fixed,  but  not  the  place,  then  it  will  be  presumed  that  the 
deliverer  was  to  bring  the  articles  to  the  receiver  at  that  time,  and 
for  that  purpose  he  must  go  with  the  chattels  to  the  residence  of  the 
receiver,  unless  something  in  their  very  nature  or  use,  or  some  other 
circumstances  of  equivalent  force,  distinctly  implies  that  they  are 
to  be  left  at  some  other  place.  It  may  happen,  from  the  cumbrous- 
nessof  the  chattels  or  other  circumstances,  that  it  is  reasonable  and 
just  for  the  deliverer  to  ascertain  from  the  receiver,  long  cnouo-h 
beforehand,  where  they  shall  be  delivered;  and  then  he  would  be 
held  to  this  as  a  legal  obligation.  So,  too,  in  such  a  case,  the 
receiver  would  have  a  right  to  designate  to  the  detiner,  a  reasonable 
time  beforehand,  a  place  of  delivery  reasonably  convenient  to  both 
parties,  and  the  deliverer  would  be  bound  by  such  directions.  If 
no  place  be  indicated,  and  the  deliverer  is  not  in  fault  in  this,  he 
may  deliver  the  chattels  to  the  receiver,  in  person,  at  any  place 
which  is  reasonably  convenient.  And  if  the  receiver  refuses  or 
neglects  to  appoint  any  place,  or  purposely  avoids  receiving  notice 
of  a  place,  the  deliverer  may  appoint  any  place,  with  a  reasonable 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  1  07o 

regard  to  the  convenience  of  the  other  party,  and  there  deliver  the 
articles. 

If  the  pr<-imise  be  to  pay  at  a  certain  time,  or  deliver  certain 
chattels,  it  is  a  promise  in  the  alternative;  and  the  alternative 
belongs  to  the  promisor;  he  ma}'  do  either  the  one  or  the  other,  at 
his  election;  nor  need  he  make  his  election  nntil  the  time  when  the 
promise  is  to  be  performed;  but  after  that  day  has  passed  without 
election  on  his  part,  the  promisee  has  an  absolute  right  to  the 
money,  and  may  bring  his  action  for  it.  A  contract  to  deliver  a 
certain  quantity  of  merchandise  at  a  certain  time  means,  of  course, 
to  deliver  the  whole  then.  If  by  the  terms  of  the  contract  certain 
specific  articles  are  to  be  delivered  at  a  certain  time  and  place  in  pay- 
ment of  an  existing  debt,  this  contract  is  fully  discharged  and  the 
debt  is  paid,  by  a  complete  and  legal  tender  of  the  articles  at  the 
time  and  place,  although  the  promisee  was  not  there  to  receive 
them;  and  no  action  can  thereafter  be  maintained  on  the  contract. 
But  the  property  in  the  goods  has  passed  to  the  creditor,  and  he 
may  retain  them  as  his  own. 

DRUNKENNESS 

Is  the  condition  of  a  person  who  is  under  the  immediate  influence 
of  intoxicating  liquors.  This  condition  presents  various  degrees  of 
intensity,  ranging  from  a  simple  exhilaration  to  a  state  of  utter 
unconsciousness  and  insensibility. 

The  common  law  shows  but  little  disposition  to  aiSord  relief, 
either  in  civil  or  criminal  cases,  from  tlie  immediate  effects  of 
drunkenness.  It  has  never  considered  drunkenness  alone  as  a  suffi- 
cient reason  for  invalidating  any  act. 

When  carried  so  far  as  to  deprive  the  party  of  all  consciousness^ 
strong  presumption  of  fraud  is  raised;  and  on  that  ground  courts 
may  interfere. 

Courts  of  equity  decline  to  interfere  in  favor  of  parties  pleading 
intoxication  in  the  performance  of  a  civil  act. 

The  law  does,  however,  recognize  two  kinds  of  inculpable  drunk- 
enness, viz.:  that  which  is  produced  by  the  '' unskillfulness  of  his 
physician,"  and  that  which  is  produced  by  the  "contrivance  of 
enemies."  To  this  may  be  added  cases  where  a  party  drinks  no 
more  liquor  than  he  has  habitually  used  without  being  intoxicated, 
and  which  exerts  an  unusually  potent  effect  on  the  brain  in  con- 
sequence of  certain  pathological  conditions. 


1074  DiGKSr    OK    STATE    LAWS. 

MARRIAGE  COMRACT. 

Marriage  is  a  contract,  made  in  due  tbrni  of  law,  by  which  a  man 
and  woman  reciprocally  engage  to  live  with  each  other  during  their 
joint  lives,  and  to  discharge  towards  each  other  the  duties  imposed 
by  law  on  the  relation  of  husband  and  wife.  TJie  marriage  contract 
is  in  law  a  civil  contract,  to  whicli  the  consent  of  the  parties  is 
essential.  Tiie  marriage  relation  can  only  be  entered  into,  main- 
tained, and  abrogated  as  provided  by  law.  It  is  dissolved  by  death 
or  divorce.  A  marriage  which  is  valid  by  the  law  of  the  country 
in  which  it  is  contracted,  is  valid  in  this  State.  To  make  a  valid 
marriage,  the  parties  must  be  lailling  to  contract,  able  to  contract, 
and  have  actually  contracted.  All  persons  are  able  to  contract 
marriage  unless  they  are  under  the  legal  age,  or  unless  there  be 
other  disability;  the  age  of  consent  at  common  law  is  fourteen  in 
males  and  twelve  in  females.  When  a  person  under  this  age  mar- 
ries, such  person  can,  when  he  or  she  arrives  at  the  age  above  speci- 
fied, avoid  the  marriage,  or  such  person  or  both  may,  if  the  other  is 
of  legal  age,  confirm  it;  if  either  of  the  parties  is  under  seven,  the 
marriage  is  void.  If  either  of  the  party  is  non  compos  mentis  or 
insane,  or  has  a  husband  or  wife  living,  the  marriage  is  void. 

The  parties  must'eacii  be  willing  to  marry  the  other.  If  either 
party  acts  under  compulsion,  or  is  under  duress,  the  marriage  is 
voidable. 

The  husband  is  bound  to  receive  his  wife  at  home,  and  should  fur- 
nish her  with  all  the  necessaries  and  conveniencies  which  his  for- 
tune enables  him  to  do,  and  which  her  situation  requires,  but  this 
does  not  include  such  luxuries  as,  according  to  her  fancy,  she  deems 
necessaries.  He  is  bound  to  love  his  wife  and  bear  with  her  faults, 
and,  if  possible,  by  mild  means,  to  correct  them;  and  he  is  required 
to  fulfill  towards  her  his  marital  promise  of  fidelity. 

Being  the  head  of  the  family,  the  husband  has  a  right  to  estab- 
lish himself  wherever  he  may  please,  and  in  this  he  cannot  be  con- 
trolled by  his  wife;  he  may  manage  his  affairs  in  his  own  way,  buy 
and  sell  all  kinds  of  personal  property,  without  her  control,  and  he 
may  buy  any  real  estate  he  may  deem  proper;  but  as  the  wife 
acquires  a  right  in  the  latter,  he  cannot  sell  it  without  her  consent. 

A  wife  is  under  obligations  to  love,  honor  and  obey  her  husband, 
and  is  bound  to  follow  him  wherever  in  the  country  he  may  go  and 
establish  himself,  provided  it  is  not  for  other  causes  unreasonable. 


DIGKST    OP'    STATE    LAWS.  1075 

She  is  under  obligation  to  be  faithful  in  cliastit}-  to  her  marriage 
vow.  A  wife  has  the  right  to  the  love  and  protecting  care  of  her 
husband;  slie  has  the  right  to  share  his  bed  and  board;  she  can  call 
upon  her  husband  to  provide  her  with  the  necessary  food  and 
clothing,  according  to  her  position  in  life,  and  if  he  neglects  or  re- 
fuses to  do  so,  she  can  procure  them  on  his  account. 

MARRIED    WOMEN 

May  bargain,  sell,  and  convey  their  real  and  personal  pi-operty,  and 
enter  into  contracts  with  reference  to  the  same.  The  wife  may  be 
tlie  agent  of  the  husband,  and  transact  for  him  business,  making, 
accepting  or  endorsing  bills  or  notes,  purchasing  goods,  rendering 
bills,  collecting  money  and  receipting  for  the  same,  and  in  general, 
entering  into  any  contract  so  as  to  bind  him,  if  she  has  his  authority 
to  do  so.  And  while  they  continue  to  live  together,  the  law  con- 
siders the  wife  as  clothed  with  authority  by  the  husband  to  buy  for 
him  and  his  family  all  things  necessary,  in  kind  and  quantity,  for 
the  proper  support  of  his  family;  and  for  such  purchases  made  by 
her  he  is  liable.  The  husband  is  responsible  for  necessaries  sup- 
plied to  his  wife,  if  he  does  not  supply  them  himself,  and  he 
continues  so  liable  if  he  turns  her  out  of  his  house  or  otherwise 
separates  himself  from,  her,  without  good  cause.  But  he  is  not  so 
liable  if  she  deserts  him,  (without  extreme  provocation)  or  if  he 
turns  her  away  for  good  cause.  Tf  she  leaves  him  because  he  treats 
her  so  ill  that  she  has  good  right  to  go  from  him  and  his  house, 
this  is  the  same  thing  as  turning  her  away;  and  she  carries  with  her 
his  credit  for  all  necessaries  supplied  to  her.  But  what  the  mis- 
conduct must  be  to  give  this  right,  is  uncertain.  But  the  law  un- 
dmibtedly  is,  that  the  wife  is  not  obliged  to  stay  and  endure  cruelty 
or  indecency.  It  is  also  held,  that  if  a  man  lives  with  a  woman  as 
his  wife,  and  represents  her  to  be  so,  he  is  liable  for  necessaries  sup- 
plied to  her,  and  her  contracts,  in  the  same  way  as  if  she  were  his  wife* 
The  statutes  intend  to  secure  to  a  married  woman  all  her  riijhts. 
But  many  women  about  to  marry — or  their  friends  for  them — 
often  wish  to  secure  to  them  certain  powers  and  rights,  and  to  limit 
these  in  certain  ways  or  to  make  sure  that  their  property  is  in  safe 
and  skillful  hands.  This  can  only  be  done  by  conveying  and  trans- 
ferring the  property  to  trustees;  that  is,  to  certain  persons  to  hold 
the  same  in  trust. 


1076  DIGKST    OF    STATK    LAWS. 

A  married  woman  may  sue  and  be  sued.  At  the  death  <>i'  tho 
liusband,  in  addition  to  the  widow's  award,  a  married  woman  lias  a 
dower  interest  [one-third]  in  all  real  estate  owned  by  her  husband 
after  their  marriao^e,  and  which  has  not  been  released  by  her,  and 
the  husband  has  the  same  interest  in  the  real  estate  of  the  wife, 
after  her  death. 

SCHOOL  MONTH. 

NUMBER   OF   DAYS    IN   A   SCHOOL    MONTH TEACHEKS'    HOLIDAYS. 

The  law  of  this  State  says  that  a  school  month  shall  comprise 
twenty-two  school  days,  actually  taught.  It  also  provides  that 
teachers  shall  not  be  required  to  teach  on  legal  holidays,  thanks- 
giving or  fast-days,  appointed  by  State  or  National  authority. 

SCHOOL   children's   STUDIES. 

The  rulino;s  of  courts  are  that  the  trustees  of  a  school  district 
may  prescribe  what  studies  sliall  be  pursued,  and  may  regulate  the 
classification  of  the  pupils;  but  that  a  parent  may  select,  from  the 
branches  pursued,  those  which  the  child  shall  study,  so  long  as  the 
exercise  of  such  selection  does  not  interfere  with  the  system  pre- 
scribed for  the  school ;  that  the  child  cannot  be  excluded  from  one 
study  simply  because  he  is  deficient  in  another;,  the  rule  requiring 
his  exclusion  is  unreasonable,  and  cannot  be  enforced. 

INFANTS 

Can  make  a  binding  contract  for  necessaries  only.  An  infant  can 
never  bind  himself  even  for  necessaries  when  he  has  a  parent  or 
guardian  who  supplies  his  wants.  What  are  considered  necessaries 
depend  upon  the  rank  and  circumstances  of  the  intant  in  tlie  par- 
ticular case.  All  his  other  contracts  are  considered  voidahle  and 
void.  An  infant's  contract  on  a  bill  or  note  is  voidable.  His 
liability  may  be  established  by  ratification  after  full  age. 

The  confirmation  or  ratification  must  be  distinct,  and  with  a  knowl- 
edge that  lie  is  not  liable  on  the  contract.  A  mere  acknowledgment 
of  a  debt,  or  a  payment  of  a  part  of  it,  will  not  support  an  action 
an  such  a  contract.  When  an  infant  indorses  negotiable  notes  or 
bills  he  does  not  pass  any  interest  in  them  as  against  himself;  his 
act  is  voidable,  but  neither  the  acceptor  nor  subsequent  indorser 
can  oblige  his  infancy  to  evade  their  liability;  nor  can  the  drawer 
of  a  bill  set  up  the  infancy  of  a  payee  and  indorser  as  a  defense  to 


DIGEST  OF   STATE    I.AW8.  1077 

an  action  thereon  ati^ainst  himself.  An  infant  may  sue  on  a  l)ill, 
but  he  sues  by  his  guardian  or  next  friend,  and  payment  should 
accordinijlv  be  made  to  him. 

Parties  contracting  with  an  infant  assume  all  the  inconveniences 
incident  to  the  protection  which  the  law  allows  him.  In  law 
intancv  extends  to  the  age  of  twenty-one  3^ears. 

ADOPTION  OF  CHILDREN. 

Children  may  be  adopted  by  auy  resident  of  this  State  by  filing 
a  petition  in  the  Circuit  or  County  Court  of  the  county  in  which 
he  resides,  asking  leave  to  do  so;  and,  if  desired,  may  ask  that  the 
name  of  the  child  be  changed.  Such  petition,  if  made  by  a  person 
having  a  husband  or  wife,  will  not  be  granted  unless  the  husband 
and  wife  joins  therein,  as  the  adoption  must  be  by  them  jointly. 
The  petition  shall  state  name,  sex,  and  age  of  child,  and  the  new 
name,  if  it  is  desired  to  change  the  name;  also,  the  name  and  resi- 
dence of  the  parents  of  the  child,  if  known,  and  of  the  guardian, 
if  any,  and  whether  the  parents  or  guardian  consent  to  the 
adoption. 

The  Court  must  find,  before  granting  decree,  that  the  parents  of 
the  child,  or  the  survivors  of  them,  have  deserted  his  or  her  family, 
or  such  child,  for  one  year  next  preceding  the  application;  or,  if 
neither  is  living,  that  the  guardian  (if  no  guardian,  the  next  of 
kin  in  this  State  capable  of  giving  consent)  has  had  notice  of  the 
presentation  of  the  petition,  and  consents  to  such  adoption.  If 
the  child  is  at  the  age  of  fourteen  or  upwards,  the  adoption  cannot 
be  made  without  its  consent. 

CHURCH   ORGANIZ.\TIONS 

May  be  legally  made  by  electing  or  appointing,  according  to  the 
usages  or  customs  of  the  body  of  which  it  is  a  part,  at  any  meeting 
held  lor  that  purpose,  two  or  more  of  its  members  or  trustees,  war- 
dens or  vestrymen,  and  may  adopt  a  corporate  name.  The  Chair- 
man or  Secretary  of  such  meeting  shall,  as  soon  as  possible,  make 
and  file  in  the  office  of  the  Recorder  of  Deeds  of  the  county  an 
affidavit  substantially  in  the  following  form: 

State  of  Illinois,  ) 

County.       ) 

I, ,  do  solemnly  swear  [or  affirm,  as  the  case  may  be] 

that  at  a  meeting  of  the  members  of  the  [here  insert  the  name  of 


i078  DiGE-iT  OF  -;tate  laws. 

the  churcli,  society,  or  congregation,  as  known  before  organization] 

held  at  [here  insert  the  place  of  meeting],  in  the  County  of , 

and  State  of  Illinois,  on  the dav  of  ,  A.  I).  18 — .  for 

that  purpose,  the  following  persons  were  elected  [or  appointed; 
here  insert  tlie  names]  trustees,  wardens,  vestrymen  [or  officers  by 
whatever  name  they  may  choose  to  adopt,  with  power  similar  to 
trustees],    according  to    the    rules   and    usages   of  such    [churth, 

society,  or  congregation],  and  said adopted  as  its  corporate 

name  [here  insert  name],  and  at  said  meeting  this  affiant  acted  as 
[Chairman  or  Secretary,  as  the  case  may  be]. 

Subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me  this  day  of , 

A.  D.  18 — .  [Name  of  affiant] . 

Which  affidavit  must  be  recorded  by  the  Recorder,  and  shall  be, 
or  a  certified  copy  made  by  the  Recorder,  received  as  evidence  of 
such  corporation, 

JSJo  certificate  of  election  after  the  first  need  be  filed  for  record. 

The  term  of  office  of  the  trustees,  and  the  general  government  of 
the  society  can  be  determined  by  the  rules  and  by-laws  adopted. 
Failure  to  elect  trustees  at  the  time  provided  does  not  work  a  dis- 
solution, but  the  old  trustees  hold  over.  A  trustee  or  trustees  may 
be  removed,  in  the  same  manner,  by  the  society,  as  elections  are 
held  by  a  meeting  called  for  that  purpose.  The  property  of  the 
society  rests  in  the  corporation.  The  corporation  raa^'^  hold,  or 
acquire  by  purchase  or  otherwise,  land  not  exceeding  ten  acres,  for 
the  purpose  of  the  society.  The  trustees  have  the  care,  custody 
and  control  of  the  property  of  the  corporation,  and  can,  ichen 
directed  by  the  society,  erect  houses  or  improvements,  and  repair 
and  alter  the  same,  and  may  also  when  so  directed  by  the  society, 
mortgage,  encumber,  sell  and  convey  any  real  or  personal  estate 
belonging  to  the  corporation,  and  make  all  proper  contracts  in  the 
name  of  such  corporation.  But  they  are  prohibited  by  law  from 
encumbering  or  interfering  with  any  property  so  as  to  destro}'  the 
effect  of  any  gift,  grant,  devise  or  bequest  to  the  corporation:  but 
such  gifts,  grants,  devises  or  bequests  must  in  all  cases  be  used  so 
as  to  carry  out  the  object  intended  by  the  persons  making  the  same. 
Existinor  churches  may  organize  in  the  manner  herein  set  forth,  and 


have  all  the  advantages  thereof. 


GIME 


Consists  of  birds  and  beasts  of  a  wild  nature,  obtained  by  fowling 
and  hunting.     The  last  few  years  have  shown  a  general  interest  by 


DIGEST    OK    STATi;    LAWS.  1070 

the  people  iu  having  wise  and  jnst  laws  passed  for  the  protection  of 
fish  and  game.  It  is  apparent  to  ;ill  that,  unless  these  laws  are 
vigorously  enforced,  the  time  will  soon  come  when  fish  and  game 
will  be  so  scarce  as  to  be  within  the  reach  of  only  the  wealtliy. 
Under  proper  regulations  onr  streams  of  pure  i-nnning  water  would 
all  be  filled  with  fish,  as  in  other  years,  and  our  prairies,  fields  and 
forests  alive  with  their  great  variety  of  game.  It  is  a  question  that 
interests  all,  and  the  game  laws  should  be  enforced. 

The  following  are  sections  1  and  6  of  the  Game  Law  of  1873,  of 
this  State,  as  amended  by  the  act  approved  May  14th,  1877: 

Sec,  1.  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  to 
hunt  or  pursue,  kill  or  trap,  net  or  ensnare,  destroy,  or  attempt  to 
kill,  trap,  net,  ensnare,  or  otherwise  destroy  any  prairie  hen  or 
chicken,  or  any  woodcock,  between  the  15th  day  of  January  and  the 
1st  day  of  September  in  each  and  every  year;  or  any  deer,  fawn, 
wild  turkey,  rnfi'ed  grouse  (commonly  called  partridge),  or  pheas- 
ant, between  the  1st  day  of  Februarj'  and  the  1st  day  of  October 
in  each  and  every  year;  or  any  quail  between  the  1st  day  of  Feb- 
ruary and  the  1st  da.y  of  November  in  each  and  every  year;  or  any 
wild  goose,  duck,  snipe,  brant,  or  other  waterfowl  between  the  1st 
day  of  May  and  the  15th  da}^  of  August  in  each  and  every  year: 
Provided,  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  to 
net  any  quail  at  any  time  after  this  act  shall  take  effect  and  be  in 
force;  and  provided  further^  That  it  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  per- 
son or  persons  who  is  or  are  non-residents  of  this  State  to  kill, 
ensnare,  net  or  trap  any  deer,  fawn,  wild  turkey,  prairie  hen  or 
chicken,  ruffed  grouse,  quail,  woodcock,  wild  goose,  wild  duck  or 
brant,  or  any  snipe,  in  any  county  of  this  State,  at  any  time,  for 
the  purpose  of  selling  or  marketing  or  removing  the  same  outside 
of  this  State.  Every  person  who  violates  any  of  the  provisions  of 
this  section  shall,  for  each  and  every  offense,  be  deemed  guilty  of  a 
misdemeanor,  and  on  conviction  shall  be  fined  not  less  than  five  dol- 
lars (§5)  nor  more  than  twenty-five  dollars  ($25)  and  costs  of  suit  for 
each  and  every  separate  bird  or  animal  of  the  above  enumerated 
list,  so  unlawfully  hunted  or  pursued,  killed,  trapped,  netted, 
ensnared,  or  destroyed  or  attempted  to  be  killed,  trapped,  netted, 
ensnared,  or  otherwise  destroyed,  and  shall  stand  committed  to  the 
county  jail  until  such  fine  and  costs  are  paid,  but  such  imprison- 
ment shall  not  exceed  ten  days. 


1081  DIGEST    OK    STATE    LAWS. 

Sec.  6.  No  person  or  persons  shall  sell  or  expose  for  sale,  or 
have  in  his  or  their  possession  for  the  purj)0se  of  selling  or  expos- 
ing for  sale,  any  of  the  animals,  wild  fowls  or  birds  mentioned  in 
section  1  of  this  act,  after  the  expiration  of  five  days  next  succeed- 
ing the  first  day  of  the  period  in  which  it  shall  be  unlawful  to 
kill,  trap,  net,  or  ensnare  such  animals,  wild  fowls  or  birds.  And 
any  person  so  oifending  shall,  on  conviction,  be  fined  and  dealt  with 
as  specified  in  Section  1  of  this  act:  Provided.,  That  the  provisions 
of  this  act  shall  not  apply  to  the  killing  of  birds  by  or  for  the  use 
of  taxidermists  for  preservation  either  in  public  or  private  collec- 
tions, if  so  preserved. 

The  fifteenth  of  January,  it  will  be  observed,  is  the  date  when  the 
prohibition  begins  to  work  as  to  prairie  chickens  and  woodcock; 
the  first  of  February  is  the  date  for  most  other  sorts  of  game, 
except  waterfowl.  And  five  days  after  the  prohibition  against  kill- 
ing goes  into  force,  it  becomes  unlawful  to  sell  or  expose  for  sale 
the  prohibited  game. 

PRESERVATION  OF  OTHER    BIRDS. 

It  may  be  appropriate  to  mention  here  that  Sections  3  and  4  of 
the  act  of  1873,  wliich  are  not  changed  or  aftected  by  the  act  of 
1877,  are  as  follows: 

Sec.  3.  No  person  shall  at  any  time,  within  this  State,  kill  or 
attempt  to  trap,  net,  ensnare,  destroy  or  kill  any  robin,  bluebird, 
swallow,  martin,  mosquito  hawk,  whippoorwill,  cuckoo,  woodpecker, 
catbird,  brown-thrasher,  red-bird,  hanging-bird,  buzzard,  sparrow, 
wren,  humming-bird,  dove,  gold-finch,  mocking  bird,  blue-jay,  finch, 
thrush,  lark,  cherry-bird,  yellow-bird,  oriole,  or  bobolink,  nor  rob  or 
destroy  the  nests  of  such  birds,  or  either  or  any  of  them.  And 
any  person  so  offending  shall  on  conviction  be  fined  the  sum  of  five 
dollars  for  each  and  every  bird  so  killed,  and  for  each  and  every  nest 
robbed  or  destroyed:  Provided,  that  nothing  in  this  section  shall 
be  construed  to  prevent  the  owner  or  occupant  of  lands  from 
destroying  any  of  the  birds  herein  named  on  the  same,  when  deemed 
necessary  for  the  protection  of  fruits  or  property. 

Sec.  4.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  person  or  persons  to  destroy 
or  remove  from  the  nests  of  any  prairie  chicken,  grouse  or  quail, 
wild  turkey,  goose  or  brant,  any  eg^  or  eggs  of  such  fowl  or  bird, 
or  for  any  person  to  buy,  sell,  have  iu  possession  or  traffic  in  such 


DIGEST    OK    STATE    I.AWS. 


1080 


eggs,  or  willfully  destroy  the  nest  of  such  birds  or  fowls,  or  any  or 
either  of  them.  xVnd  any  person  so  oftending  shall  on  conviction 
be  lined  and  dealt  with  as  specified  in  Section  3  of  this  act. 

MILLERS. 

The  owner  or  occupant  of  every  public  grist-mill  in  this  State 
shall  grind  all  grain  brought  to  his  mill,  in  its  turn.  The  toll  for 
both  steam  and  water  mills,  is,  for  grinding  and  bolting  wheat,  rye, 
or  other  grain,  one-eighth  part;  for  grinding  Indian  corn,  oats,  barley, 
and  buckwheat  not  required  to  be  bolted,  one-seventh  part;  for  grind- 
ing malt,  and  chopping  all  kinds  of  grain,  one-eighth  part.  It  is 
the  duty  of  every  miller,  when  his  mill  is  in  repair,  to  aid  and  assist 
in  loading  and  unloading  all  grain  brought  to  his  mill  to  be  ground; 
and  he  is  also  required  to  keep  an  accurate  half-bushel  measure,  and 
an  accurate  set  of  toll  dishes  or  scales  for  weighing  the  grain.  The 
penalty  for  neglect  or  refusal  to  comply  with  the  law  is  $5,  to  the 
use  of  any  person  suing  for  the  same,  to  be  recovered  before  any 
Justice  of  the  Peace  of  the  county  where  the  penalty  is  incurred. 
Millers  are  accountable  (except  it  results  from  unavoidable  acci 
dents)  for  the  safe-keeping  of  all  grain  left  in  their  mill  for  the  pur- 
pose of  being  ground,  with  bags  or  casks  containing  same,  provided 
that  such  bags  or  casks  are  distinctly  marked  with  the  initial  letters 
of  the  owner's  name. 

PAUPERS. 

Every  poor  person  who  shall  be  unable  to  earn  a  livelihood  in  con- 
sequence of  any  bodily  infirmit}',  idiocy,  lunacy  or  unavoidable 
cause,  shall  be  supported  by  the  father,  grandfathers,  mother,  grand- 
mothers, children,  grandchildren,  brothers  or  sisters,  of  such  poor 
person,  if  they  or  either  of  them  be  of  sufficient  ability;  but  if  any 
of  such  dependent  class  shall  have  become  so  from  intemperance,  or 
other  bad  conduct,  they  shall  not  be  entitled  to  support  from  any 
relation  except  parent  or  child.  The  children  shall  first  be  called  on 
to  support  their  parents,  if  they  are  able;  but  if  not,  the  parents  of 
such  poor  person  shall  then  be  called  on,  if  of  sufficient  ability;  and 
it  there  be  no  parents  or  children  able,  then  the  brothers  and  sisters 
of  such  dependent  person  shall  be  called  upon;  and  if  there  be  no 
brothers  or  sisters  of  sufficient  ability,  the  grandchildren  of  such  per- 
son shall  next  be  called  on;  and  if  they  are  not  able,  then  the  grand- 
parents.    Married  females,  while  their  husbands  live,  shall  not  be 


1082  DIGEST   OF   STATE    LAWS. 

liable  to  contribute  for  the  support  of  their  poor  relations  except 
out  of  their  separate  property.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  State's  attorney 
to  make  complaint  to  the  County  Court  of  his  county  against  all  the 
relatives  of  such  paupers  in  this  State  liable  to  support,  and  prose- 
cute the  same.  In  case  the  State's  attorney  neglects  or  refuses  to 
complain  in  such  cases,  then  it  is  the  duty  of  the  overseer  of  the  poor 
to  do  so.  The  person  called  upon  to  contribute  shall  have  at  least 
ten  days'  notice  of  such  application,  by  summons.  The  court  has 
the  power  to  determine  the  kind  of  support,  depending  upon  the 
circumstances  of  the  parties,  and  may  also  order  two  or  more  of  the 
different  degrees  to  maintain  such  poor  person,  and  prescribe  the 
proportion  of  each,  according  to  his  or  her  ability.  The  court  may 
specify  the  time  for  which  tlie  relatives  shall  contribute;  in  fact  it 
has  control  over  the  entire  subject  matter,  with  power  to  enforce  its 
order. 

Every  county  is  required  to  relieve  and  support  all  poor  and  in- 
digent persons  lawfully  resident  therein.  '*  Residence  "  means  the 
actual  residence  of  tlie  party,  or  the  place  where  he  was  employed; 
or  ill  case  he  was  in  no  employment,  then  it  shall  be  the  place  where 
he  made  his  home.  When  any  person  becomes  chargeable  as  a 
pauper  who  did  not  reside  in  the  county  at  the  commencement  of 
six  months  immediately  preceding  his  becoming  so,  but  did  at  the 
time  reside  elsewhere  in  this  State,  then  the  county  becomes  liable 
for  the  expense  of  taking  careof  such  person  until  removed;  and  it 
is  the  duty  of  the  overseer  to  notify  the  proper  authorities  of  the 
fact.  If  any  person  shall  bring  and  leave  any  pauper  in  any  county 
in  this  State  where  such  pauper  had  no  legal  residence,  knowing  him 
to  be  such,  he  is  liable  to  a  fine  of  $100.  In  counties  under  town- 
ship organization,  the  supervisors  in  each  town  are  ex-officio  over- 
seers of  the  poor.  The  overseers  of  the  poor  act  under  the  dii-ections 
of  the  County  Board  in  taking  care  of  the  poor  and  granting  tem- 
porary relief;  also,  in  providing  for  non-resident  persons  not  pau- 
pers who  may  be  taken  sick  and  not  able  to  pay  their  way,  and,  in 
case  of  death,  causing  such  persons  to  be  decently  buried. 

PUBLIC  AXD  PRIVATE  COSYEYANCES. 

When  practicable  from  the  nature  of  the  ground,  persons  travel 
ing  in  any  kind  of  vehicle  must  turn  to  the  right  of  the  center  of 
the  road,  so  as  to  permit  each  carriage  to  pass  without  interfering 


DIGEST    OF    STATE    LA^VS.  1083 

with  the  other.  The  penalty  for  a  violation  of  this  provision  is  $5 
for  every  oflense,  to  be  recovered  by  the  party  injured;  but  to  re- 
covei",  thei-e  must  have  occurred  some  injury  to  person  oi*  j)roperty 
resulting  from  the  violation. 

The  owners  of  any  carriage  traveHng  upon  any  road  in  this  State 
for  the  conveyance  of  passengers,  M'ho  shall  employ  or  continue  in 
their  employment  as  driver  any  person  who  is  addicted  to  drunken- 
ness, or  the  excessive  use  of  spirituous  liquors,  after  he  has  had 
notice  of  the  same,  shall  pay  a  forfeit  at  the  rate  of  $5  per  day;  and 
if  any  driver,  while  actually  engaged  in  driving  any  such  carriage, 
shall  be  guilty  of  intoxication  to  such  a  degree  as  to  endanger  the 
safety  of  passengers,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner,  on  receiving 
written  notice  of  the  fact,  signed  by  one  of  the  passengers,  and  cer- 
tified by  liim  on  oath,  forthwith  to  discharge  such  driver.  If  such 
owner  shall  have  such  driver  in  his  employ  within  three  months 
after  such  notice,  he  is  liable  for  $5  per  day  for  the  time  he  shall 
keep  such  driver  in  liis  employment  after  receiving  such  notice. 

Persons  driving  any  carriage  on  any  public  highway  are  prohib- 
ited from  running  their  horses  upon  any  occasion,  under  a  penalty 
of  a  fine  not  exceeding  $10,  or  imprisonment  not  exceeding  sixty 
days,  at  the  discretion  of  the  court.  Horses  attached  lo  any  car- 
riage used  to  convey  passengers  for  hire  must  be  properly  hitched, 
or  the  lines  placed  in  the  hands  of  some  other  person,  before  the 
driver  leaves  them  for  any  purpose.  For  violation  of  this  provision 
each  driver  shall  forfeit  twenty  dollars,  to  be  recovered  by  action 
commenced  within  six  months. 

It  is  understood  by  the  term  "carriage"  herein  to  mean  any  car- 
riage or  vehicle  used  for  the  transportation  of  passengers,  or  goods, 
or  either  of  them. 

WAGERS  AND  STAKEHOLDERS. 

Wagers  upon  the  result  of  an  election  have  always  been  consid- 
ered as  void,  as  being  contrary  to  sound  policy,  and  tending  to  im- 
pair the  purity  of  elections.  Wagers  as  to  the  mode  of  playing,  or 
as  to  the  result  of  any  illegal  game,  as  boxing,  wrestling,  cock- 
fighting,  etc. ,  are  void  at  common  law. 

Stakeholders  mustdeliver  the  thing  liolden  by  them  to  the  person 
entitled  to  it,  on  demand.  It  is  frequently  questionable  who  is  en- 
titled to  it.     In  case  of  an  unlawful  wager,  although  he  may  be  jus- 


lOSo  DIGEST    OF    STATE    LAWS. 

titled  for  delivering  the  thing  to  the  winner,  bj  the  express  or  im- 
plied consent  of  the  loser,  yet  if  before  the  event  has  happened  he 
has  been  required  bj  either  ])arty  to  give  up  the  thing  deposited 
with  him  by  such  party,  he  is  bound  to  deliver  it;  or  if,  after  the 
event  has  happened,  the  losing  party  gives  notice  to  the  stakeholder 
not  to  pay  the  winner,  a  payment  made  to  him  afterwards  will  be 
made  to  him  in  his  own  wrong,  and  the  party  who  deposited  the 
money  or  thing  may  recover  it  from  the  stakeholder. 

SUNDAY. 

Labor  of  whatever  kind,  other  than  the  household  offices  of  daily 
necessity,  or  other  work  of  charity  and  necessity,  on  the  first  day  of 
the  week,  commonly  called  Sunday,  is  in  general  under  penalty  pro- 
hibited; but  all  persons  do  not  come  under  prohibition.  If  a  con- 
tract is  commenced  on  Sunday,  but  not  completed  until  a  subsequent 
day,  or  if  it  merely  grew  out  of  a  transaction  which  took  place  on 
Sunday,  it  is  not  for  this  reason  void.  Thus,  if  a  note  is  signed  on 
Sunday,  its  validity  is  not  impaired  if  it  be  not  delivered  on  that  day. 

DEFINITION  OF  C03IMKRCIAL  TERMS. 

$  means  dollars,  being  a  contraction  of  U.  S.,  which  was  for- 
merly placed  before  any  denomination  of  money,  and  meant,  as  it 
means  now.  United  States  currency.  £  means  pou)ids.  English 
money.  @  stands  for  «^  or  ^o/  lb  t'ov  pound/  bbl.  for  barrel;  and 
.  f>  for  j.>e}'  or  by  the.  Thus,  butter  sells  at  20@30c.  ^  ft,  and 
flour  at  $6®  10  '^  bbl.      \„  stands  for  jh'r  cent.,  and  jj^  for  number. 

In  the  example  "May  1 — wheat  sells  at  $1.05(gl.l0,  seller 
June,"  ■'teller  June  means  that  the  person  who  sells  the  wheat  has 
the  privilege  of  delivering  it  at  any  time  during  the  month  of 
June.  "Selling  short*'  is  contracting  to  deliver  a  certain  amount 
of  grain  or  stock  at  a  fixed  price  within  a  certain  length  of  time, 
when  the  seller  has  not  the  stock  on  hand.  It  is  for  the  interest  of 
the  person  selling  '•  short"  to  depress  the  market  as  much  as  possi- 
ble, in  order  that  he  may  buy  and  fill  his  contract  at  a  profit. 
Hence  the  "  shorts  "  are  termed  ' '  bears. " 

LEGAL  WEIGHTS  AND  MEASURES. 

Whenever  any  of  the  followinir  articles  shall  be  contracted  for, 
or  sold  or  delivered,  and  no  special  contract  or  agreement  shall  be 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS,  1084 

made  to  the  contrary,  the  weight  per  bushel   shall  be  as   follows, 
to  wit: 

tbs.  lbs. 

Aroles,  dried. 34  Hemp  seed 44 

Bar'ey 48  Hair  (plastering) 8 

Beans,  white 60  Lime,  uuslackcd 80 

Beans,  castor.  ..„ 40  Onions 57 

Buckwlieat.... 52  Oats '62 

Bran 30  Potatoes,  Irisli 60 

Blue-glass  seed 14  Peaches,  dried 33 

Broom-corn  seed. . , 46  Potatoes,  sweet 55 

Coal,  stove 80  Rye 56 

Corn,  in  tlie  ear. , 70  Salt,  fine 55 

Corn,  shelled  56  Salt,  coarse 50 

Corn  meal 48  Turnips 55 

Clover  seed 60  Timothy  seed 45 

Fla.x  seed  56  Wheat 60 

BEES. 

Bees,  while  unreclaimed,  are  by  nature  wild  animals.  Those 
which  take  up  their  abode  in  a  tree  belong  to  the  owner  of  the  soil 
in  which  the  tree  grows,  if  unreclaimed;  but  if  reclaimed  and  identi- 
fied they  belong  to  their  former  owner.  If  a  swarm  has  flown  from 
the  hive  of  A,  they  are  his  so  long  as  they  are  in  sight,  and  ma}' 
easily  be  taken;  otherwise,  they  become  the  property  of  the  first 
occupant.  Merely  finding  on  the  land  of  another  person  a  tree 
containincj  a  swarm  of  bees,  and  marking  it,  does  not  vest  the 
property  of  the  bees  in  the  finder.  They  do  not  become  property 
until  actually  hived. 

DOOS. 

Dogs  are  animals  of  a  domestic  nature.  The  owner  of  a  dotr  has 
such  property  in  him  that  he  miiy  maintain  an  action  for  an  injury 
to  him,  or  to  recover  him  when  unlawfully  taken  away  and  kept  by 
another. 

"When,  in  consequence  of  his  vicious  propensities,  a  dog  becomes 
a  common  nuisance  the  owner  may  be  indicted,  and  where  one 
commits  an  injury,  if  the  owner  had  knowledge  of  his  mischievous 
propensities,  he  is  liable  for  the  injury.  A  man  has  a  right  to 
keep  a  dog  to  guard  his  premises,  but  not  to  ])ut  him  at  the 
entrance  of  his  house,  because  a  person  coming  there  on  lawful 
business  may  be  injured  by  him,  though  there  may  be  another 
entrance  to  the  house.  Bnt  if  a  dog  i.-^  chained,  and  a  visitor 
incautiously  ffoes  so  near  him  that  he  is  bitten,  he  has  no  right  of 
action  against  the  owner. 


108()  DIGEST   OF   STATE    LAWS. 

CRUELTY    TO    ANIMALS. 

Whoever  shall  willt'uUy  overdrive,  overload,  overwork,  torture, 
tornient,  beat,  deprive  of  necessary  and  proper  food,  drink,  or 
shelter,  or  cruelly  kill  any  such  animal,  or  work  an  old,  maimed, 
sick,  or" disabled  animal,  or  keep  any  animal  in  an  unnecessarily 
cruel  manner,  for  each  and  every  offense  shall  be  liable  to  a  tine  of 
not  less  than  $3  or  more  than  $200,  to  be  recovered  on  complaint 
before  any  Justice  of  the  Peace,  or  by  indictment.  The  word 
"animal"  used  shall  be  taken  to  mean  any  living  creature. 

NAMES. 

Any  person  desirous  of  changing  his  name,  and  to  assume  another 
name,  may  file  a  petition  in  the  Circuit  Court  of  the  county  where 
he  resides,  praying  for  such  change.  Such  petition  shall  set  forth 
the  name  then  held,  and  also  the  name  sought  to  be  assumed? 
together  with  liis  residence,  and  the  length  of  time  he  shall  have 
resided  in  this  State,  and  his  nativity.  In  case  of  minors,  parents 
or  guardians  must  sign  this  petition;  and  said  petition  shall  be 
verified  by  the  affidavit  of  some  credible  person.  A  previous  notice 
shall  be  given  of  such  intended  application  by  publishing  a  notice 
thereof  in  a  county  newspaper  for  three  consecutive  weeks,  the  first 
insertion  to  be  at  least  six  weeks  prior  to  tue  first  day  of  the  term 
of  the  court  in  whicli  the  said  petition  is  to  be  filed. 

UNITED  STATES  MAILS. 

The  following  suggestions  and  rulings  of  the  Post  Ofiice  Depart- 
ment in  regard  to  the  sending  of  matter  through  the  United  States 
mails  will  be  found  valuable.  By  giving  careful  attention  to  and 
closely  following  them,  almost  perfect  security  from  all  delays  and 
losses,  and  the  many  little  vexatious  inquiries  generally  made  by 
the  public  will  be  avoided. 

Make  the  address  legible  and  complete,  giving  the  name  of  the 
postofiice,  county  and  state;  the  name  of  the  street,  and  the  num- 
ber of  the  house,  also,  should  always  be  given  on  letters  addressed 
to  cities  where  letter-carriers  are  employed.  Letters  intended  for 
places  in  foreign  countries  should  have  the  name  of  the  country  «s 
well  as  the  postofiice  given  in  full. 

See  that  every  letter,  newspaper  or  other  packet  sent  by  mail  is 
securely  folded  and  fastened.     Avoid  using,  as  much  as  possible. 


DIGEST   OF    STATE    LAWS.  1087 

cheap  envelopes  made  of  thin  paper,  especially  when  contaiiiincr 
more  than  one  sheet  of  paper. 

Never  send  money  or  any  other  article  of  value  througli  the 
mail,  except  by  means  of  a  money  order  or  in  a  registered  letter. 
Every  letter  sent  should  contain  the  full  name  and  address  of  the 
writer,  with  the  county  and  State,  in  order  to  secure  its  return  if 
the  person  to  whom  it  is  directed  cannot  be  found.  Persons  who 
have  large  correspondence  find  it  most  convenient  to  nse  "special 
request "  envelopes,  but  those  who  only  mail  an  occasional  letter 
can  avoid  the  trouble  by  writing  a  request  to  "return  if  not 
delivered,"  etc.,  on  the  envelope. 

Postage  stamps  should  be  placed  upon  the  upper  right  hand 
corner  of  the  addressed  side  of  all  mail  matter. 

"Written  matter  in  unsealed  envelopes  prepaid  with  only  a  one- 
cent  postage  stamp  will  be  held  for  postage. 

Diplomas,  commissions,  certificates,  etc.,  having  written  signa- 
tures attached,  circulars  having  anything  written  thereon,  are  sub- 
ject to  postage  at  the  rate  of  three  cents  for  each  half  ounce  or 
fraction  thereof 

Stamps  cut  from  stamped  envelopes,  mutilated  postage  stamps* 
and  internal  revenue  stamps,  will  not  be  accepted  in  payment  for 
postage.      Letters  deposited  in  a  postofiice  having   such   mattef' 
afiixed  are  held  for  postage. 

To  use,  or  attempt  to  use,  in  payment  of  postage  a  postage 
stamp,  or  stamped  envelope,  or  any  stamp  cut  from  such  stamped 
envelopes,  which  has  been  before  used  in  payment  of  postage,  is 
punishable  with  a  fine  of  fifty  dollars. 

In  using  postal  cards,  be  careful  not  to  write  or  have  anything 
printed  on  the  side  to  be  used  for  the  address,  except  the  address; 
also  be  careful  not  to  attach  anything  to  them.  They  are  nnmail- 
able  as  postal  cards  when  these  suggestions  are  disregarded. 

No  cards  are  "  postal  cards  "  except  such  as  are  issued  by  the 
Post  Office  Department.  In  no  one  case  will  unclaimed  cards  be 
returned  to  the  writer  or  sent  to  the  Dead  Letter  Office.  If  not 
delivered  within  sixty  days  from  time  of  receipt  they  will  be  burned 
by  the  post-  master. 

To  insure  a  letter  being  forwarded  in  the  mails  it  must  have  not 
less  than  three  cents  in  postage  stamps  affixed. 

After  a  letter  has  passed  from  the  mailing  office  the  delivering 


1088  DIGEST    <»F    STATE    LAWS. 

of  it  cannot  be  delayed  or  prevented  by  the  writer;  but,  if  the 
writei-  request  the  return  of  the  letter,  which  has  not  left  in  the 
mail,  the  post-master  may  deliver  it,  if  he  is  satisfied  that  the  party 
applying  is  the  writer. 

A  subscriber  to  a  newspaper  or  periodical  who  changes  his  resi- 
dence and  postoflSce  should  at  once  notify  the  publishers  of  the 
change. 

Printed  matter,  merchandise  and  otlier  third-class  matter  cannot 
be  forwarded  from  the  office  to  which  it  is  addressed  unless  postage 
is  furnished  for  such  purposes.  A  request  to  return  indorsed  on 
such  matter  will  not  be  regarded  unless  postage  is  furnished  for  the 
purpose.  A  request  to  return  written  on  such  matter  subjects  the 
package  to  letter  postage. 

All  packages  mailed  at  less  than  letter  postage  should  be  wrapped 
so  that  their  contents  can  be  readily  ascertained  without  destroying 
the  wrapper. 

Matter  contained  in  sealed  envelopes,  notched  at  the  ends,  is  sub- 
ject to  letter  postage. 

The  sender  of  any  article  of  the  third-class  may  write  liis  or  her 
name  or  address  therein,  or  on  the  outside  thereof,  with  the  word 
"  from  "  above  or  preceding  the  same,  or  may  write  or  print  on  any 
package  the  number  and  name  of  articles  inclosed. 

All  losses  should  be  promptly  reported. 

Packages  of  any  description  of  mail  matter  may  weigh  not  exceed- 
ing four  pounds. 

RATES  OF  POSTAGE. 

On  letters,  sealed  packages,  mail  matter,  wholly  or  partly  in 
writing,  except  book  manuscript  and  corrected  proofs  passing 
between  authors  and  publishers,  and  except  local  or  drop  letters,  or 
postal  cards;  all  printed  matter  so  marked  as  to  convey  any  other 
or  further  information  than  is  conveyed  by  the  original  print,  except 
the  correction  of  mere  typographical  errors;  all  matter  otherwise 
chargeable  with  letter  postage,  but  which  is  so  wrapped  or  secured 
that  it  cannot  be  conveniently  examined  by  the  post-masters  with. 
out  destroying  the  wrapper  or  envelope;  all  packages  containing 
matter  not  in  itself  chargeable  with  letter  postage,  but  in  which  is 
enclosed  or  concealed  anj'  letter,  memorandum,  or  other  thing 
chargeable  with  letter  postage,  or  upon  which  is  any  writing  or 
memorandum;  all   matter  to  which  no  specific  rate  of  postage  is 


DIGEST    OF    STATE   LAWS.  1089 

assigned;  and  manuscript  for  publication  in  newspapers,  magazines 
or   periodicals,  three  cents  for  each  half  ounce  or  fraction 

THEREOF. 

On  local  or  drop  letters,  at  offices  where  free  delivery  by  carriers 
is   established,   two   cents   for    each   half   ounce   or   fraction 

THEREOF. 

On  local  or  drop  letters,  at  offices  where  free  delivery  by  carriers 
is  not  established,  one  cent  for  each  half  ounce  or  fraction 
thereof. 

RATES  OF  POSTAGE  ON  THIRD-CLASS  MATTER. 

By  act  of  July  12,  1876,  third-class  matter  is  divided  as  follows: 

One  cent  for  Hoo  ounces. — Almanacs,  books  (printed),  calendars, 
catalogues,  corrected  proofs,  hand-bills,  magazines,  when  not  sent 
to  regular  subscribers,  maps  (lithographed  or  engraved),  music 
(printed  sheet),  newspapers,  when  not  sent  to  regular  subscribers 
occasional  publications,  pamphlets,  posters,  proof-sheets,  prospec- 
tuses, and  regular  publications  designed  primarily  for  advertising 
purposes,  or  for  free  circulatien,  or  for  circulation  at  nominal  rates. 

One  cent  for  each  ounce. — Blank  books,  blank  cards,  book  manu- 
script, card  boards  and  other  flexible  materials,  chromo- lithographs 
circulars,  engravings,  envelopes,  flexible  patterns,  letter  envelopes, 
letter  paper,  lithographs,  merchandise,  models,  ornamented  papei-, 
postal  cards,  when  sent  in  bulk  and  not  addressed,  jjliotographic 
views,  photographic  paper,  printed  blanks,  printed  cards,  sample 
cards,  samples  of  ores,  metals,  minerals,  and  merchandise,  seeds 
cuttings,  bulbs,  roots  and  scions,  and  stereoscopic  views. 

Any  article  of  mail  matter,  subject  to  postage  at  the  rate  of  one 
cent  for  each  ounce  or  fraction  thereof,  which  mnv  be  enclosed  in 
the  same  package  with  items  subject  to  the  rate  of  one  cent  for  each 
two  ounces  or  fraction  thereof,  will  subject  the  entire  package  to 
the  highest  rate,  viz.;  one  cent  for  each  ounce  or  fraction  thereof. 
The  following  articles  are  unmailable: 

Packages  containifig  liquids,  poisons,  glass,  explosive  chemicals, 
live  animals,  sharp  pointed  instruments,  flr>ur,  sugar,  or  any  other 
matter  liable  to  deface  or  destroy  the  contents  of  the  mail,  or  injure 
the  person  of  any  one  connected  with  the  service.  All  letters  upon 
the  envelope  of  which,  or  postal  card  upon  which  indecent,  lewd, 
obscene,  or  lascivious  delineations,  epithets,  terms  or  language 
may  be  written  or  printed,  or  disloyal  devices  printed  or  engraved, 


1090  *  DIGEST   OF    STATE   LAWS. 

and  letters  or  circulars  concerning  illegal  lotteries,  so  called  gift 
concerts  or  other  similar  enterprises  offering  prizes,  or  concerning 
schemes  devised  and  intended  to  deceive  and  detraud  the  public- 
Also,  all  obscene,  lewd  or  lascivious  books,  pamphlets,  pictures, 
papers,  prints  or  other  publications  of  an  indecent  character. 

REGISTERED  MATTER. 

The  fee  for  registering  a  letter  going  anywhere  in  the  United 
States  is  fixed  at  ten  cents  in  addition  to  the  regular  postage.  Post- 
masters are  required  to  register  all  letters  properly  presented  for 
that  purpose,  but  no  letters  are  to  be  registered  on  Sunday. 

Registered  letters  will  never  be  delivered  to  any  person  but  the 
one  to  whom  they  are  addressed,  or  to  one  whom  the  post-master 
knows  to  be  authorized  to  receive  them. 

MONEY  ORDERS. 

The  money-order  system  is  intended  to  promote  public  conven- 
ience and  to  secure  safety  in  the  transfer  through  the  mails  of  small 
fiums  of  money.  The  principal  means  employed  to  attain  safety 
consists  in  leaving  out  of  the  order  the  name  of  the  payee  or  per- 
^on  for  whom  the  money  is  intended.  Ln  this  respect  a  money- 
order  differs  from  an  ordinary  bank  draft  or  check.  An  advice 
or  notification  containing  full  particulars  of  the  order  is  transmitted 
without  delay  by  the  issuing  post-master  to  the  post-master  at  the 
ofiice  of  payment.  The  latter  is  thus  furnished,  before  the  order 
itself  is  presented,  with  information  which  will  enable  him  to  pre- 
vent its  payment  to  any  person  not  entitled  thereto,  pi'ovided  the 
remitter  complies  with  the  regulation  of  the  Department,  which 
prohibits  him  from  sending  the  same  information  in  a  letter  inclosed 
with  his  order. 

Under  no  circumstances  can  payment  of  an  order  be  demanded 

on  the  day  of  its  issue.     The  fees  or  charges  for  money-orders  will 

be  as  follows:  , 

On  orders  not  exceeding  $15 10  cents 

Ou  orders  over  $15  and  not  exceeding  $30 15  cents 

On  orders  over'^oO  and  not  exceeding  $40 20  cents 

On  orders  over  $40  and  not  exceeding  $50 25  cents 

When  a  larger  sum  than  $50  is  required,  additional  orders  to 

make  it  up  must  be  obtained.     But  post-masters  are  instructed  to 

refuse  to  issue  in  one  day,  to  the  same  remitter  and  in  favor  of  the 

same  payee,  more  than  three  money-orders  payable  at  the  same 

postoffice. 


/