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REYMOLDf; HISTORICAL
GENEALOGY COLLECTION
ALLEN COUNTY PUBLIC LIBRARY
3 1833 01053 9077
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PREFACE.
The History of these counties has heen written in niiuiy re.?i/ccts
under trying circiiuistauces. There has not hccn a hiek of nciterial,
but the work of collectin,Lr and compiling the .same into one liomogcn-
eous record, has been attended \>y many obstacles and perphrxities.
In pi'eseniini;' to the citizens of l{o\yard an<I Chariton counties this
History, it is with the full knowledge tliat there must necessarily- be
some i'vrors found irithiu its p>a_!;es ; othet'wise it would be ditfei'ent
from any work yet compiled by human hands, absolute pert'ection hav-
inii^ never hf:en reached, either in tlie liistorica) or an}' otliei' tield of
eartl.lv labor. Nevertheless the ;»ubii,-!ier> hope to have attained a
very large measure of exactness in the compilati:iu and arrangement
of tlio almost innumerable incidents whicli are lie'.'oin treated. Thfse
incidents have been gleaned from the memor}' and notes of the old
settlers ; and though an error here and there may s^eemingly occur,
the reader must m-t hastily conclude that the b.i.-tory is in fault, but
nrther test his opiinion with that of others familiar with the facts.
It has been a work of arduous labor and delicate res]KV,isibilily to
give a t'areful [lerusid to many old volumes and newspaper files, those
daily records of bygone years. The old iiioneer w iio li.is cheeriully
narrated with clearness many important events, lias been I'tterly un-
able to give the date which is so essential in a historical work. The
county records ami the files of the oldest newspa;)ers have funiislied
much matter of inestimable value. How well the task of writing this
volume has lieen performed the intelliirent reader must judge.
To name all [)ersou.s to whom the [)ubli.~hei's are indebted for the
facts herein cont^iined, would be an nndert.aking of too great a magni-
tude ; for there is scarcely a citi.-.cn of any prominence in the two
counties who has not in some way contril)uted to the compilation of
this -work. The cdiloi's and lUtaehes of ;i!l the papers, the county ol-
ficials, besides hosts of business men and private citizens, have done
all in their power to advance the interests of this enterprise and con-
tribute to the fuhiess and exactness of this History. It only remains
for us to tender the people of Howard and Ciiariton counties our <>b-
lig.:itions for the courtesy extended to us and our roiuesentalives
during the preparations of these annals. In the belief tliat oiiv book
will meet with a generous appreciation it is snVmiilted to the public.
THE rriiLlSlIKKS.
CONTENTS.
HTSTOEY OF .MISSOURI.
CHAPTER I. TAGE.
The LouisiAXA PuRCiiisK — BiiiEK Hi>r»ji:icvi. Skeith . . . 1-7
'"I
CHAPrF.K It.
I
DKScr.irTivK .and Geogkaphicai ' • '1'
^ ' ' * ^ ! '
CHAPTER III. .... ^ / ^^
■■^ / '■
Geologv of Mis^ouf.i ■'• • ■ -',• 13-21
CHAPTER IV.
Title AJXD Early Setti.eks >' A . ■' 21-27
CHAPTER V.
Terkitoklal Okgasization 27-31
CHAPTER VI. «
Apmissiox Into the Union" ' • 31-37
CHAPTER Til.
MissoiKi AS A State 3;-t.l
CHAPTER VIII.
Civil War is Mis-soiki • • 43-53
CHAFIER IX.
Early Military Record of the St.ite 53-59
CHAPTER X.
. Ai;Kicri.TLR.» I. AXD Mineral Wealth 59-6j
VI CONTENTS.
CHAPTEi; \l.
Education — The Pur.i.ic School Systf.m
CHArTI-
I?m iG'Ous Denomix'.tions /.
rKKXii. ^ /
CIIAFfKR XIII. / J --~_ /
Gov. Cihttf.xdkn's Ap.mimstkatki.n h'i
HlSTOPvY OF HOWARD AM) CHARITON COIWIIKS.
CIIAriEK I
TiiE PioNEKR — Introduction, Etc s;
CIIArXEIl I!.
Events FohLOWiNO Eari.v Settlements — Wat: Cloids . . . UK
CHArXEK III.
TERRiTOfiHL Laws — Ouisanizatiox, Eic 10'
CHArXEK IV.
Pioneer I^ife 12'
CHAl'TER V.
County A.sn TowNSFiU- Systems — G<n-Ki:NMi'NT Systems . . 14i
CHAPTER VI.
History oe B^'ONe's Lick Township U
CHAPTER VIE
History of Franklin ToWNsmi' . . " .
CflAPTEl; Vlll.
History of Richmond Townshit . . . " .
CHAPTEK tX.
HisTOKV OF CifARn()N Township ....
^ . .^1
.^-. . ..^^.--^\ \ ■■-<--'^- — ' '
HISTORY OF MISSOURI.
C H A P T E r. I.
LOIMSIANA rUKCHASE.
p.t;i£:r iiisthuical '^kktch.
The purchase in 1803 of the vast territory west of the ]^Ils5i?-ippi
Eiver, by the United States, extending through Oregon to the Pacilic
coast and south to the Dmuinions of Mexico, constitutes the most im-
portant event that ever occurred in the history of the nation.
It gave to our Republic additional room for that expansion and
stupendous growth, to wliich it has siacc attained, in all that makes it
strong and enduring, and forms the seat of an enijiire, from which
will radiate an intlueiiee for good unequaled in the annals of time. In
1763, the immense regii)u "f country, known at that time as Louisiana,
was ceded to Spain by France. By a secret artiL-lc, in the treaty ot
St. Ildefonso, concluded in l^'M, Spain ceded it back to Frr.uce.
Napoleon, at that time, coveted the island of St. Domingo, not only
because of the value of its products, but nnjre e:>pcciLiliy because its
location in ih.e Gulf of Mexico would, in a military point of view,
aftord him a tine Held whence he could the mcn-e etlcctively guard his
nev,-lv-acquired possessions. Hence he desired this cession by Sixain
should be kept a profound secret uutil he succeeded in reducing St.
Doniinsro to submission. In this undertaking, however, his hopes
were blasted, and so great was his disappointment that lie aiipareiitiy
became indifferent to the advantages to lie secured to France from his
purchase of Louisiana.
In 1603 he sent out Laussat as prelect of the colony, who g.'ive the
2 uisTOitv ov ;.ii.N.>uL'iiJ.
pcojjle of Loui-iaiui the first iiilinKition tliL>y LaiJ tlint tlicy li;ul once
more bocuiuu llif subjects of Fiance. Tliis \va.> tha ovca^ioii of gront
rejoicing among thu inbabilaul.^, who were ri-ouiJiiiicii in their origin,
hsibits, manners, and cnstonis.
i»ii' Jeiierrion, ihtni rro.-idcut of the United Slate=;, on being in-
formed of the retroceosioi!, inuivdiately di^iiatelii'd ir,.-iruoLioa> to
Robert Livingston, tiie American Mmister at Pa.ris, to mai:c kuc-vn
to Napoleon tiiat the oecupane} of New Orleans, by his goverimieiit,
would not only cuda.nger the frieudly rcbi<ion? .-xl^ting between the
two nations, Ijut. perlia[!s, oblige tlie United St.'Ucs to make •v-.nviw^n
cause witl) England, his bitterest and most dreaded enei'iy : as the
possessioo of the city by Fi-ance would give her command of the
Mississippi, which was the only outlet tor the produce of tJic 'West-
ern States, and -ive her also control oi the Gulf of Mexico, so neces-
sary to the protection of American conunerce. ^ir. Jeiferson \\-as s-.'
fully impressed with the idea thai the occupan..y cf Nev,- Orleans, hy
France, would bring aljout a ciaiibct vl' intercots l^eivveeu the two
nations, Aviiicli would finally culii.inaAe in an upon I'n.pture, that he
urged 2\lv. Li\ing-i(ui, to uot onl}' iu-!=t ni)ori the free navigiiticn oi'
the Mississi]3pi, l;nt to negotiate for the purchase of tlie city and the
surrounding country.
The question of tiiis ucgotiation was of so gra\'e a character to f:he
United States that the Presid.ent appointed }i!r. Monroe, with full
power to act in conjtuiction with Mr. Living^ti ii. Ever equal tc all
emergencies, and [)rompt in the cabinet, as well as in the held. Na-
poleon c;une to the conclu-ion that, as lie coidd not w-Al i.lei'.'.nd l;is
occupancy of New Orleans, he would db~[)osc of it, on the licbt terms
po.r.-ible. Before, liowevcr, taking linal acti(Ui in the iii.-o.tir, Lc .sum-
moned two of his ]\!i;;i?terj, and avldrosed them follows; —
" 1 am fully sensible of the \alue of Louisiana, and it was mv wish
to repair the error of the French diplomatists who abandoned it ia
17G3. I have scarcely reco\ei-ed it before I run the risk of losini: it :
but if I an) obliged to give it uj), it shall hereat'ter cost more to tho-e
who force me to part with it, than to tho>e to whom I siiall
yield it. The English have des[>...ilcd France of all her northern ••ob-
sessions in America, and n(nv they covet tho<e of the South. I am
determined that they shall not have the Mississippi. .\lthooL;!i
Louisiana is but a tritle compared t.; their vd^i p(jsseSsious in other
parts of the globe, yet. Judging trom the vexation thev have mani-
fested on seeing it return to the p.iwer of France, I am ceriair. liiat
JIISTORV OF MISSOL-RI. O
the'iL- lirst o'jjcct will l)o to gain po-^sos.^ion of it. Thcv will prolia-
bly coiumeinv tho war in that quarter. Thi.'V luivc twenty vofiels in
inc. Gull" of Mexico, and our affairs in St. Dominuo are ilailv «?;ottinL^
wor^e since the death oi' LcCier,-. Tire coiiqi:o>t of Louisiana nii^'lit
be easily nia'Je, and 1 have not a nioniont to lo>o iu gettinir out cf
then- reach. I am not sure hut tliat ihey have alrca.dy begun an o{-
tack upi.in it. Such a uioa are W':aihl ho in accordance v.ith tljcir
haints ; and in their jdace 1 shouhi not waat. I I'.ni in-dincii, in (jr<ier
to deprive them of all prospect of ever possessing it, to c<xle it to tlie
United States. Indeed, I can hardly say that I cede it, for I do r.wt
yet possess it ; and if I wait but a short time my eiicmic-: m:;y leave
me nothing but an eiii[Uy title to grant to the Ue()ublic T wish to con.-
ciliate. I consider the whole colony as lost, and I bohe^-e that in the
hands of this rising power it will be more useful to the political and
even commercial interests of France th.an if 1 should altenipt to reu.iu
it. Let m.e ha^e botli your opinions on the subject."
One of hi- ^liiii-te'K approved of the eontemjUated cession, br:t
the othei opposed it. The. lu.atter \vas long and ear.jestly di.-cu~?'. d
by them, betoi'e tlie conlcrence wa.s ended. Tiie next d.ay, Napo!e;ir.
sent for the Minister who had agreed ^vith hini, and said to him : —
"The season for delilie]'ati(/n is over. I have di-'tei'miu'.-d to ro-
i)0uuee Tjouisiana. I sliall give up not onlv New Orleans, l)nt the
whole colony, v.'ithou! ri:->ervatiou. That I do not undervalue Loiii-;.-
iana, 1 have sutli(.-iciitiy proved, as the (jbject of my lirst tre;ity ■■'.itii
Sixain vras to reco'.er it. liut thoU'_di 1 regret parting with it, I a;n
convinced it wouhl be folly to [Persist in trying to keep it. I commi,^-
sion you, therefore, to negotiate this alfair with the envoys of the
United States. T'o not wait the arrival of Mr. Monroe, l^ui go il)is
very day and confer with Mr. Livingstrm. Eemember, however, th;it
I need ample funds forearr^dng on the war, and I do not wi>ii to coiu-
nience it by levying new taxes. For the la>t century France and Spain
have incurred i^reat exi.'cnse in the itnpro\-ement of Louisiana, for
which her trade has never indemnitied them. Large sums have fief.n
advanced to ditferent companies, which have never been returned to
the treasury. It is fair that ! should require repayment for these.
Were 1 to reirultite mv demands by the imporlai:ee of this territory
to the United Stares, th(-y woidd be unbounded : but, l)eing obliged to
part with it, I ^hall lie -noderate in my terms. Still, remember. I
must have tifty millions of fiancs, and I will not consent to take i"-s.
4 HISTORY or jriSSOUiil.
I wonM v.it,!ier m:ikc S'):nc dcsperata effort to preserve this fine
cor.ntry."
Tliiit day tho negotiiitions conniienced. ili-. Monroe veached Paris
ou the 12lh of April, 1S03, and the two reprcdontativcs of the United
States, after holding a priviite interview, anaonnced tluit thov were
ready to treat for the entire territory. On the 30th of April, tho
treaty was signed, and on the 21st of October, of the same vo;!r, Con-
gress ratified the treaty. The United States vrere to pay $11 ,250,000,
arid her citizci\s were to be compensated for some illegal captures,
to the aniouiit of $3,750,000, making in the aggregate the sum of
$15,000,000, wliilc it was agreed that the vessels and morchaudise of
France and Spain should be admitted into all the ports ot Louisiana
free of duty for twelve years. Bonaparte stipulated in favor of
Louisiana, that it should be, as soon as possible, incorporated into
the Union, and that its inhabitants should enjoy the same rights,
privileges and imraun.ities as other citizens of the United Sta.tes, and
Iho c!"."^o giving f-o tljcm these bencfit-s was drawn up by Bonaparte,
who presented it to the plenipotentiaries with these words : —
" Make it known to the people of Louisiana, that we regr<>t to paiL
with them ; that we have stipulated for all the advantages tUoy could
desire ; and that France, in giving them up, has in.sured to tliem the
greate t cf all. They could never have proqiered under anv Euro-
pean government ai they will when they boeonie independent. But
while they enjoy the privileges of liberty let them remember that they
are French, and preservj for their mother country that atfection which
a common origin inspires."
Complete satisfaction was given to both parties in the terms of the
treaty. Mr. Livingston said : —
" I consider that from this day the United States takes rank with
tho first powers of Europe, and now she has entirely escaped from the
po%ver of England," and Bonaparte expressed a similar sentiment when
he said : " By this cession of territory I have secured tho power of tlio
United States, and given to England a maritime rival, who. at some
future time, will humble her pride."
These were propiietic words, f(n' within a few years aftcruard the
Britisli mot with a signal defeat, on the plains of the very territory of
which the great Corsican had been speaking.
From ISOO, the date of the cession m.-ide bv S()ain, to 1S(»3, when
it was purchased by the United State:^, no change had been made by
itK^iOKv OF :Mijsorr.i. o
tlic French aulhorities in the jurisprudence of the Ui)per and L<)^Ycr
L';iiiji:in;i, :iud diirinLT ibis period the Spanish ]ri\vs remained in full
Ibv'X-, r'S the laws of iljo entire province ; a laet whicli is of interest to
tb.ose wJK) u"ould under-tnnd the legal hi;l(ir_v and sonic of the present
laws of luissouri.
Or Deeem'ier •JOth, 1803, Gens. Wilkinson and Claiborne, vrho
were jointly coni;ni^<ioned to tai-;c possession of the territi.n'V for the
United States, arrived in the city of XeVi- Orleans at the head of the
American forces. Laussat, wln^ liad taken po.,^e-:sior> but twenty days
previously as the prefect of the colony, gave up his cop.ar.aud, and the
sLar-sijangled banner suppb-iuted the tri-culored flag of France. The
: gent of France, to take possession of Upper Louisiana from the
Spanish authoriiics, was Amos Stoddard, captain of artillery in the
United States service. lie was placed in possession of St. Louis on
the 9lh of ^ilarch, 1S04, by Charles Dehanlt Delassns, the Spanish
comniarubiiit, and on the foUowinrr day he tiaiisferred it to the United
States. The authority of ihe United S'laies iu i>liiSouri dates from
this day.
Fro.n that moment the interests of the people of the Mississippi
Vallej' became identilied. They were troubled no more with uncer-
tainties in regard to tVee navigation. The great river,_ along wh''se
bar.ks they bad planed their tOM-ns and villages, now, atTorded them
a safe and easy outlet to the markets of the world. Under the pro-
tecting tegis of a government, rei)ublicau in form, and having tree
access to an almost boundless domain, embracing in its broad area the
diversified climates of the globe, and possessing a soil unsur[i.issed t'>r
fertility, beauty of scenery and wealth of minerals, they had every
incentive to push on their enterprises and build up the land wherein
their lot had been cast.
In the purchase of Louisiana, it was known that a great empire Lad
been fjccured as a heritage to the people of our country, for ail time to
come, but its grandeur, its possibilities, its inexhaustible resources
and the important relatiims it would sustain to the uatiou and the
world were never dreamed of by even ]Mr. Jetferson and his adroit and
accomplisl;ed diplomatists.
The must ardent imagination never conceived of the progress which
would mark the history of the " Great "West." The adventurous
pioneer, who fifty years ago pitched his tent upon its broad prairies,
or threaded the dark labyrinths of its lonely forests, little thought thai
a michty tide of physical and intellectual strength, would so rapidly
" HJSTOKV OF MlSSOUrU
flon- on iu bis footstops, to pnpulate, bulla up and enrich Ibo tloniaii),
Vv'hich he had conquered.
Year ..Ue-i' jear, civilizaiion has advaneed further .and I'urtiicr, untii
afc length the n)oun(ain..s, the hilb and the valleys, and even th.' rocks
and the caverns, resound with tiie noise and din of busy niilliuiis.
"I beheld tlie westwaiil niarclies
Of the 'jnkuo\ru crowded nations.
Ail tlie land w.as full of people,
Restless, -.truggliug, toiiin;;, sUMviug,
Spu;iki)ig many touguos, jx-t feelini^
But one hcsrt-beat in tlieir bosoms.
In the Nvooulands rang llicir axes:
Smoked tlieir towns in all the vaUoys;
Over al) tiie Jakes and rivers
Rushed fr.eir great canoes of thunder."
Ta 1S04, Congress, by an act passed in .April of tiio same year,
divided Louisiana into two piirts, the " Territorv of Orleans," ;iud
the " District of Louisiana," knu\\-n as "Upper Louisiana." This
district included all that portion of the old province, liorth of " IL-pe
En-Muipnjent," on the Lower Missi:^sippi, and embraced the present,
State of Missouri, and all the western region of country to the Pacilio
Ocean, and all below the forty-ninth di-grce of north latitude not
claimed by Spain.
As a matter of convenience, oa March 26th, 1804, Missouri was
placed Mithin the jurisdiction of the government of the Territory of
Liciiana, and its government put in motion bv Gon. ^7illiam IL Hai--
rison, then governor of Indiana. In this he was assisted bv Ju<l'^-es
Gritlia, Yanderburg and Davis, who estal)lished in St. Louis what were
c.iiied Coims of Common Picas. The District of Louisiana was re>'U-
larly organized into the Territory of Louisiana bv Conoress, March .3
IbOj, and President Jefferson appointed Gen. James Wiikiiison, Gov-
ernor, and Frederick Bates, Secretary. The Legislature of the ter-
ritory was formed by Governor "Wilkinson and Judges E. J. Meiers
and John B. C. Lucas. In 1807, Governor Wilkinson was succeeded
by Captain ^Meriwether Lewis, who had become fam.ous bv reason of
his having made the expedition up the ilissouri with Clark. Governor
Lewis committed suicide in 1809 and President Madison appointed
Gen. Benjamin Howard of Le.vinfrton, Kentuckv, to fill his place.
Gen. Howard resigned October 25, 1810. to enter the war of 1812,
and died in St. Louis, in 1814. Captain \Viliiam Clark, of Lc>wis and
Clark's expedition, v,as appointed Governor iu ISIU, to succeed Ge-i.
HISTOUY OV MlSj^OUKI. 7
Howuvd, and remained in oiTico until tiie admis.-ion of iho State into
the Union, in 1^21.
Tlie poition-" of IMissonri Trhich were sottlcil, i'or the jjnrpo^es of
loeal govennnent were di\-idcd into four districts. Cai)e (rirardeau
was tlie first, and eniln-accd the teirilorv h(>tv.-eea Tywapr.ity Bottom
and Apple Creek. £te. Genevieve, tlie second, oinl)raecd the terri-
tf)rv from Apple Creek to the Meramec River. St. Louis, the third,
embraced the territoiy between the Meramec and Missouri liivors.
St. Charles, the fonrtli, inchided the settled territory, between the
Missouri and Mississippi Rivers. The total pojinlatiou of these dis-
tricts at that time, was 8,f)70, including slaves. The population of
the district of Louisiana, when ceded to the United States was 10,120.
CII.VPTEP. n.
DESCRIPTIVE A\T) GECiGKAFIIlCAL.
Nnine — Extent — Surf. ice — Rivers — Timber — Climate — Prairies — Soils — Popula-
liuL) hy Counties.
XAME.
The name Jlissonri is derived from tlie Lidian tongue and signifies
muddy. ,,
Jlissouri is bounded on the north by Iowa (from which it is sep-
arated for about thirty miles on the uoilheast, by the Des iloines
Eiver), and on the e.'ist by the ^Mississippi River, which divides it from
lliinois, J-'entuck^r and Tennessee, and on the west by the Indian Ter-
ritory, and the States of Kansas nnd Nebraska. The State lies (with
the exception of a small projection between the St. Francis and the
Mississippi Rivers, whicli extends to 3tj°), betu-een 36° 30' and 40° 36'
north latitude, and between 12° 2' aud IS' 51' west longit.ide from
Washington.
The extreme width of the State east and west, is about 34S miles;
its width on its northern boundary, measured from its noitheast cor-
ner along the Iowa line, to its intersection with the Des Moines
O BISTOKY OF MJSSOUUl.
Kiver, is about 210 milfs ; its wiillli on its poiitheru Loundaryi; about
288 miles. It,-; averago widtli i.= iibont 235 mile?.
The length oflhc ;.-ituLe noctli iiinl sonlli, not ii)fli)i!inij the nraTow strip
between the St. Fmncis ami Mississippi Rivers, is about 2S2 miles. It.
if* :il)out 450 miles iVom its extreme iiortlnvest eorner to its southeast
corner, and I'roni the northeast corner to the southwest cornar, it is
about 230 miles. These limits embrace an area of Go, 350 squra-e
miles, or 41,824,000 aei'es, being nearly as large as Eijgland, and the
States of Vermont and New Hampshire.
North of the Missouri, the State is level or undulating, M-hile the
portion south of that river (the larger portion of the State) exhibits a
greater variety of surlai'o. In the sontheastcrn part is an extensive
marsh, reaching beyond the State into Arliansas. The remainder of
this portion between the ^ilississippi and Osage l-Jivers is rolling, and
gradually rising into a hilly and mountainous di^triet, firming tie out-
skirts of the Ozark IMourjUiins.
L'eyond the Osage River, at some distance, commences a vast ex-
panse of prairie land which stretches away towards the Rock}' [Moun-
tains. The ridges forming the Ozark chain extend in a northeast and
southwest directiouj separating the waters that flow northeast into the
Missouri from those that flow southeast into the Mi3sissij)pi River.
No State in the Union enjoys better facilities for navigatioii than
Missouri. By means of the ^Mississippi River, which stretches alono-
ber entire eastern l)0undary, she can hold connnercial intercourse with
the most northo-n territory and Stale in the Union j with the whole
vallej' of the Ohio ; with many of the Atlantic States, and with the
Gulf of Mexico.
"Ay, gather Europe's royal rivers all —
The snow-swelled Neva, with an Eiiijiire's weisht
On her broad breast, she yet may overwhelm;
Dark Danube, hurrying, as by foo pursued.
Through shaggy forests and by palace walls,
To hide its terror in a sea of gloom;
The casllcd Ehinc, whose vine-crowned waters flow,
The fount of fable and the source of song;
The rushing Rhone, in whose cerulean depths
The loving sky seems wedded with the wave;
The yeliov,- Tiber, cliok'd with Koinan sjioils,
in^T(.>);Y OF >n?soLi;i. 9
A dying miser s!irinkii)g 'ncatli his >zoh^ ;
Tl;o Seine, wiiere fasiiion gl;i-:ios Di" f:nrc<t forms;
The Thames that bears the riclies of ihe world;
Gather their ivnlors In one ocean nia>^,
Our Mississippi roiling proiidly on,
Would s\Teep thcni from its path, or swnllow up,
Like Aaron's rod, tliesc streams of f:iuie and >c>:i2."
By the IMissonri Jiiver she cin extend lier commei-oe to t!ie TJoelcy
Moiiiitains, ami reooivo in rflui-ii the prodtK't.s which will L-'inc in ihv
course of time, hy its nuiltitufle oi' trihutarir-s.
The Missouri Kiver coasts the northwest line of the Stiite for about
250 miles, following its windings, and then Hows throiip-h the Slate, a
little south of east, to its junction with the Mississipjii. The Mis-
souri River receives a numher of trihiitiirics within the Ihnits of the
State, the in'incipal of vrhicli are the Kodaway, Platte, Grand and
Chariton fr mi the north, and the Blue, Sniabar, Laniine, Osa^e and
Gasconade frcjui the south. The princip;;l triljutaries of the Missis-
sippi within the State, are the Salt River, north, and tl;o Meranieo
River south of the Missouri. .
The St. Francis and "White Rivers, v.ith their branches, drain
the soulheastei'n part of the State, and [Ktss into Arkar.sas. Tiie
Osng-e is na^'igidilc for steariiboats for more tlnan 175 miles. There
are :i vast nuniber of smaller streains, sneh as creeks, branches and
rivers, which water the State in all directi.uis.
Timber. — Not more towering in their sublimity were the cedars of
ancient Lel^-mTn, nor more precious in their utility were t!ie almug-
trees of Ophir, than the native forests of I^Iissouri. Tiie river bottoms
are covered with a luxuriant growth of oak, ash, elm, hickory, cott^/U-
v>'ood, linn, white and black walnut, and in fact, all the varii-tics found
in the Atlantic and Eastern States. In the more barren distiicts may
be seen the white and ipin oak, and in Tuany places ;i dense gro\-.th of
pine. The crab ai-iple, papaw and persinmion are abundant, ;is also
the hazel and pecan.
Climate. — The climate of Missouri is, in general, pleasant and
salubrious. I.ike that of Noi'th America, it is ciiangealde, and sul)-
iect to sudden and sometimes extreme changes of heat and cold; but
it is decidedly milder, taking t!ie whole year through, than that of the
same latitudes east of the mountains, ^\'lnle the summers are not
more oppressive than they are in the corresponding latitudes on and
ue;ir the Atlantic coast, the winters are shorter, and ver}' much milder,
10 HISTOl.'Y' OF MISSOURI.
except during- the moutli of FoKnitirv, wLicli has m.-iny fluvs of plcis-
Biit suashinc.
Prairie.s. — lili.^souri is o jnairlo State, especially that jiortion of it
north and northwest of the Missouri liiver. These iirairies, along the
wsiter courses, abound M'ith the thickest and most luxiirious helts of
timber, v.-hile the <' rolling" prairies occupy the higher portions of
the country, the descent generally to the forests or bottom lands being
over only declivities. Many of these prairies, however, exhibit a grace-
fully waving surface, swelling and sinking with an easy slope, and a
full, rounded outline, equally avoiding the unmeaning horizontal sur-
face and the interruption of abrupt or angular elevations.
These prairies often embrace extensive tracts of land, and in one or
two instances the}' cover an area of fifty thousand acres. During the
spring and summer they are carpeted ■s'.-ith a velvet of green, and
gaily bedecked with {lowers of various forms and hues, making a
most fascinatiuiT panorama of ever-changing color and loveliness. To
fully apprcci:;te their great beauty and magnitude, they must be
seen.
iSo'l. — The soil of Missouri is good, and of great agricultural capa-
bilities, but the most fertile portions of the State are the river i)ot-
toms, which are a rich alluvium, mixed in many cases with sand, tlie
producing qualities of which arc not excelled by the pr.olitic valley of
the famous Nile.
South of the Missouri Kiver there is a greater variety of soil, but
much of it is fertile, and even in the mountains and mineral di-tvicts
there are rich valleys, and about the sources of the White, Eleven
Points, Current and Big Black Kivcrs. the soil, though unproductive,
furnishes a valuable growth of yellow pine.
The marshy lands in the southeastern part of the State will, by a
system of drainage, be one of the most fertile districts in the State.
HISTOKT 01' KISSOURT.
POPUT..VTION BY COUNTIES IN 1870, 1876, AND 1830.
11
~z::r:^
=^ ••
ISTO.
1,S76. 1
ISSD.
Countiee.
1I,44'J
13,774
15,100
Aclair .
15,1K7
14,003
16,; US
Anui'fW
8,4-40
10,025
14, "■■■5
Alchii'Mi .
12.3U7
15,157
111,7.39
AtiUrain
j 10, ".73
11,146
14,424
Barry .
oloS-
6,000
ln,:-..;2
Barton
1 ir.,'.ii;o
17.4S4
25,382
Bates .
11,027
12,303
Benton
1 s'llH'
8.884
11,132
Bollinger .
1 20,7C5
31,023
25,424
Boone
I 3.', 100
3^,165
40,824
Bnclianan .
•t,2:is
4,363
6,011
Butler
ll,3i'0
12,200
13,654
Caldwell .
10,202
23,670
Callaway ,
1 e,i08
7^027
7,269
Cdiudou
i 17,558
17, .sol
20,003
Cape Girardeau
.17,4-10
21.4PS
23,300
Carroll
1,440
i;540
2,168
Carter
19,2i)9
16,060
22,431
Cass .
1 9,471
9,807
10,747
Cedar.
i 10,136
23,204
25,224
Ciiariton
1 6,707
7,036
0,632
Ciiri>lian .
1 13,607
14,540
15,631
Clark .
1 15,564
15,320
15,570
Clay .
14,063
13,603
16,073
Clintoa
»
i 10,202
14,122
15,519
Cole .
1 20,602
21,356
2), 1122
Cooper
9,301
10,703
Crawford .
] 8^683
11,0S0
12, .557
Dade .
j 8,3t'3
8,073
9,272
Dallas
1 14,410
16,557
10,174
Uaviess
1 9,S53
11,150
13,343
DeKalb .
6,357
7,401
10,647
Dent .
3,015
6,461
7,753
Douglas
5,082
6,255
9,604
Dunklin
Franklin .
Gascr>!iade .
30,003
10,000
11,607
26,!i24
11, ICO
12,673
26,533 -
11,153
17,183
Gentry
21,540
24,603
28,817
Greene
10,567
13,071
15,201
Gnuidy
14,635
18,530
20,313
Harrison .
17,401
13,465
23,014
Henry
0,4.52
5.S70
7,3SS
Hickory
11,1 52
13,245
15,510
Holt .
17,2:'.3
17,.^I5
18,423
Honavd .
4,218
6,756
8,811-
Howell
6,278
6,023
8,183
Iron .
55,041
54,045
82,328
Jackson
14,028
20,384
32,021
Ja<l>er
15,3S0
10,186
18,736
Jetfersoa .
Jolmson
Kuox .
Laclede
24,618
10,074
9,350
22,624
23,646
12,673
9,845
22,204
28,177
13,047
11,524
25,-61
La{.i>ette .
Lawrence .
Lewis .
Lincoln
Liini .
Livingston .
13,067
15, lU
15,060
15,0116
16,730
13,054
16,360
16,358
18,110
1 18,074
17,5S5
15,025
17.443
2i;,oi6
20,205
12
HISTOUY OK MlSSOUltl.
rOPDLATION BY COVKnr.S — Coniimird.
Co'inttc
McDoil;)ld .
Macon
Mail i son
Maries
Marion
MercLT
Miller
Mississippi
Moniteau .
Monroe
Montgomery
Morgan
New Madriil
Newtc.m
Koilaway .
Oreuon
Osaie .
Ozarl. .
Pemiscot .
Per IV .
Pettis .
Phelns
Pil^e" .
Pluto
Pjlk .
Pula-ki
Putnim
KalLs .
Randolph .
Pvay . .
RvYn<.lds .
Ripley
St. Charles
St. Clrir .
St. Francois
Ste. Genevieve
St. Louis' .
Saline
Schuyler
Scotlind
Scctt .
Shannon
Shelbv
Stoddard .
Stone .
Sulli\au
Taney
Texas
Vernon
Warren
Washington
Wayne
Web>ter .
Worth
Wri-ht
City of St. Lou
]S76.
5,2-_T,
o.'UG
1I,5.:,7
(5,(:ii:
17,1! 'J
U'.b'Jl
10,7'J3
9,S77
is,7(:'i;
io,:oi;
23,070
14!4t5
4,714
11,217
10,.ilO
\d,'.i06
18,700
3,7.-)6
3,17.'>
21,oOI:
C,742
y,7iL'
i^,3.-4
351,ls;J
21,G72
8,820
10,1:70
lo!llO
8,. -.3. 5
II/X17
4,407
9,i;iS
11,247
9,i;73
ll,7U>
e.oiN
10,431
5,004
5,G54
i;,u/2
25,028
8, 750
C,4S1
13!303
7,4!iS
13,084
17,751
14,418
fi',t;73
]r,,S75
4'4C.O
11,200
4.579
2,373
11,180
23,1 ('-7
9,919
l.=.',M48
13,407
6,1.37
i2,i;4i
9,997
19,173
18,394
4,T](;
3,913
21,821
11,242
11,1121
9,409
27,087
9,?81
12,0.;0
7,3 1 -J
3,236
13,243
10,8^3
3,544
14,039
6.124
10,287
14,413
10,321
13,100
7,006
lO,.;,-!
7,164
6,124
1,547,030
7,816
26,223
8,866
7,304
24,837
14,074
9,807
9,270
14,319
19,075
1>;,250
10,134
7,694
18,948
29,5li0
6,791
11,824
5,618
4^299
11,895
710
15,745
7,250
13,550
11,838
22,751
20,1'56
5,722
23',060
14,126
13,822
10,309
81^883
29.912
10,470
12,507
8.5S7
3,441
11,024
13,432
4,405
16,509
5.605
12,207
19,370
10,*06
12,895
9.097
12.175
8,208
9,733
' St. Louis City and County seiiarKted In 1.S77. Porulation for l^Vi not ;
HISTORY OF MISSO'Jia.
13
Males
Ft in ale 3
Native
Foreigu
White
Cnloifd '
\,'^.-u,:-.r,^
211,J40
CliAPTEE III.
GEOLOGY OF MISSOURI,
Classification of Hocks — Quatenary Formation — Tertiary — Cretaceoua — Carbonifer-
ons— Devonian — Silurian — Azoic — Economic Geology — Coal — Iron — Load —
Copper — Zinc — Biiililini: Stone — Marble — Gypsum — Lime — Clays — Paints —
Spriuga — Water Power.
The stratified rock? of Missouri, as classified auCi treated of by Prof.
G. C. Swallow, bel'ini.' to the following divisions: I. Quateiiiuy ;
11. Tertiary; III. Cretaceous; IV. Carboniferous; V. Devonian;
VI. Silurian ; VII. Azoic.
" The Quatenarv formations, are the most recent, and the most
valuable to man: valuable, because they can be more readily utilized.
The Qnatonary formation iu Missouri, embraces the Alluvium, 30
feet tliick; Bottom Prairie, 30 feet thick; Bluff, 200 feet thick ; and
Drift, 15.5 feet thick. The latest deposits are those which con-tit nte
the Alluvium, and includes the soils, pebbles and sand, clays, vegeta-
ble r.iould, bog, iron ore, marls, etc.
The Alluvium deposits, cover an area, within the limits of ^^lii-
souri, of more than four millions acres of land, which are not sur-
passed for fertility by any region of country on the globe.
The Blutf Prairie formation is conlined to the low lands, which are
washed by the two great rivers which course our eastern and western
boundaries, and while it is oul}' about h:df as extensive as the Allu-
vial, it is equally as ri^'h and productive."
" The Blutf formation," says Prof. Swallow, " rests upon the
ridges and river bluffs, and descends along their .slopes to the lowest
valleys, the formation capping all the Bluffs of the ^Missouri from
Fort Union to its mouth, and those of the Mississippi from Dubui^ue
' Including 02 Chinese, 2 half Chinese, and 95 Indians and half-breeds.
14 iiisroiiY OF Mrs^souKi.
to tlic mouth of the Ohio. It forms the upper stratum beneath {he
S!iil of all the high huidd, both tiinher anrl prairies, of all the counties
north of the Osage and Missouri, and also St. Louis, and the Missi---
sippi counties on the south.
Its greatest develoiinieiit is in the counties on the ^iis-'ouri Eivor
from the IwWTi. lino to Buonville. In some localities it is 200 feet
thick. At St. Joseph it is 140; at Boonville 100; and at St. Louis,
iu St. George's quarry, and the Big ?iIound, it is about 50 feet :
while its greatest observed thickness in Marion couiity was only "0
feet.'-"
The Di'il't formation is that which lies benrn,th the rduif fornnition,
having, as Prof. Swallow informs us, three distinct deposits, to v.'it :
"Altered Drift, which arc strata of sand and pebbles, seen in the
.banks of the Missouri, iu the northwestern portion of the Slate.
The Boulder formation is a heterogeneous stratum of sand, gi'avel
and boukitu', aud wati r-^l'orn fragments of the older rocks.
Boulder Clay is a bed of bluish or brown sandy clay, tivruugli which
pebbles are scatLeretl iu greater or less abundance. In some locali-
ties iu northern Missouri, this forruation assumes a pure white, pipe-
clay color."
The Tertiary formation is made up of clays, shales, iron ores, sand-
stone, and san.ds, scattered along the bluffs, and edges of the bottoms,
reaching tVom Commerce, Scott County, to Stoddard, and south to
the Chalk Bluffs in Arkansas.
The Cretaceous formatio-n lies beneath the Tertiary, and is com-
posed of variegated sandstone, bluish-brown sandy slate, whitish-
brown impure sandstone, tine white clay mingled with spotted flint,
purple, red and blue clays, all being in the aggregate. 158 feet in
thickness. There are no fossils iu these rocks, and notliing by which
their age may lie told.
The Carboniferous system includes the Upper Carboniferous or
Co;".l-me:isuie3, aud the Lower Carboniferous or Mountain limestone.
The coal-measures are made up of numerous strata of sandstones,
limestones, shales, clays, marls, spathic iron ores, and coals.
The Carboniferous formation, including coal-measures arid the beds
of iron, embrace au area m Missouri of 27,000 square miles. The
varieties of coal found iu the State are the common bituminous and
cannel coals, and they e.xist in quantities inexhaustible. The fact
that these coal-measures are full of fossils, which are always confined
HISTORY OF Missoura. 15
to the coal nictisiires, ena'iles the geologist to point them out, and tlie
coal heels contained in them.
The roc!-.s of tht! liower C:ir!<oni(erous formation are varied in cohir,
and are quarried in many difl'erent parts of the Slate, heing exten-
sively utilized for building and other purposes.
Aojimg the Lnwer CariiDnifemus rocks is found the Upper Ar.dii-
niedcs Limestone, fOQ feet; Ferruginous Sandstone, ll'.ii feet; M'd-
dle Archimedes, 50 feet: St. Louis Limestone, 250 I'eet ; Ouiiii';.
Limestone. 25 feet; Lower Archin\edes Limestone, 350 feet: :ind
EniM'inital Limestone, 500 feet. These limt-stones genei'al!^' contain
fossils.
The Ferruginous limestone is soft when quarried, but becomes hard
and dnrafile after exposure. It contains large quantities of iron, and
is found skirting the eastern coal .measures from tlic mouth of the
Des Moines to McDonald county.
I'he St. Ijonis liraesKnto is of vai-ious hues and tints, and very liard.
It is found ir. Clark, Lewis and St. Lfuiis i;ou!ities.
The Lower .-Vrchimedcs limestone includes ijaillv the lead bearin"'
o
rocks of Souiiivvestcin ]Miss<uui.
The Eiicrinital limestone is the most extensive of tlie divisions of
Carboniferous limestone, and is made up of brown, bull', gray ar,d
white. In tltese strata, are iVmnd the renuiins of orals and n:o!lusk,s.
This formation extends from Clarion county to Greene county. The
Devonian system contains: Chemung Group, Hamiltrm Group,
Onondaga limestone and Oriskuny sandstone. The rocks of the
Devonian S3'stem are found in Marion, Rails, Pike, Callaway, Saline
and Ste. Genevieve counties.
The Chemung Gr nip has three formations, Chouteau Hmestonc, o5
feet; Versoicular sandstone and shales, 75 feet; Litiiograpliio lime-
stone, 125 feet.
The Chouteau limestone is in two divisions, wlien fully de\-el<>iie*l,
tmd when tir.-^t quarried is soft. It is not only good for iniiidiug pur-
poses but makes an excellent cement.
The Vermicular sandstone and shales are usually bntl' or yellowish
brown, ami perforated with pores.
The Lithographic iinu'-tnue is a i)ure, fine, conqiaet, evenlv-iex-
tured limestone. Its color varies from light drab to imlf :ind blue.
It is called "pot metal," because under the hammer it gives a sh.uo,
rincrintr sound. It bus but few fossils.
ifi HISTOr.T Ol-' MlSSOCItl.
The Hiiniilton Group is made up of some 40 foot of hluc shaU.-r, nnd
170 {'cct of crystalline limestone.
Onond'ip;:i iiii)estniie is nsuiiily a coarse, gray or luiff crystalline,
tiiick-bedded and chcity limestone. No formation in iNIissonri pre-
sents snch variaiile and widely dillerent lithological cbaraeters as the
Onondaga.
Tiie Oriskany sandstone is a light, gray limestone.
Of the Upper Silurian scries there are the following formations:
Lower Hcldcrberg, 350 feet; Niagara Group, 200 feet; Cape Girar-
deau limestone, 60 feet.
The Lower Helderherg is made U[i<)f huff, gray, and )-oddisli cherty
and argillaceous limestone.
Niagara Group. The Upper pari of this group eonsiils of red,
yellow and ash-colored shales, with conjpaet limestones, variegated
with bands and nodules of chert.
Tlie Capo Girardeau limestone, on tiie ilississippi Kiver near Cape
Girardeau, is a compact, hluisli-gray, brittle limestone, with smooth
fractui-es in layers from two to .^ix indies in thickness, with argilla-
eeo!iS par'ing: . These strata contain a great many fossils.
The Lower Silurian has the fidlowing ten formations, to wit: Hud-
son lii\"er Gruui), 220 feet ; Trenton limestone, 360 feet; Black River
and Bird's Eye linjestone, 175 feet; lirst Magnesian limestone, 200
feet; Saccharoidal :.-andstoiie, 125 I'eet ; second Magnesian limestone,
250 feet; second sandstone, 115 feet; third Magnesian limestone,
?>50 leet ; third sandstcne, CO feet; fourth Magnesian limestone, 350
feet.
Hudson Kiver Group : — Tliere are three formations which Prof.
Swallow refers to in this group. These formations are found in the
blufi' above and below Louisiana; on the Grassy a few miles north-
west of Louisiana, and in Kails, Pike, Cape Girardeau and Ste. Gene-
\'ieve Counties.
Trer;toii bmesiote: The upper [lart of this formation is made up
of thick beds of Inird, compact, biuish gray and drab limestone, varie-
gated with irregular cavities, tilled with greenish materials.
The beds are exposed between Manniiial and New London, north of
.Salt Kiver, near Glencoe, St. Louis Count}', and arc sevcnty-tive feet
tiiick.
Black River and Bird's Eye limestone the same culor as the Trentun
limestoue.
III^IOUV Ol- .Ml.-.-i.)IJKl. 17
The firf^l T^r.'iirnosian limestone c:\\t the pictun'sr|uo I.i'.utTa of the O^'nge
ill B'Titoii and neiirhl)ornig counties.
The Saccliaroi'htl sandstone lias a M'ide i-aiiij-!; in t!ie State. In a
bhjff about two miles iVoui Warsaw, is a very strikiiia' ehange of thick-
ness of this formation.
Seeond .Alagnesiau linie.-tone, in lithohigical character, is like the
fir.>t.
The second sandstone, usually of yellowish la-ov.-n, sometimes
heroines a [uire white, lin<'-gralned, soft sandstone as on Cedar Creek,
in 'Washington and Fraiiklin Counties.
The third Magnesian liine-ton.o is exposed in th" high and picturesque
lilutis <if the Xiaugua, in the neighliorliood of llrA'ce's Siu-ing.
'J'he third sand-tone is wliite and iias a forir.atidu in moving v.ater.
The fourth Magnesian limestone is seen on the Xiani'ua and Osas'e
Rivers.
'i'he Azoic rocks lie below the Siluriiui and tVirm a -eries of silieious
and other slates whie-h eontaiu no reniains of organic life.
ECONOMIC GKOLOGY.
Coal. — ^lissouri is particularly ricii in minerals. Indeed, no State
in the Union, snrpasse.s her in this respect. In some unknown aire of
the past — long before the existence of man — Nature, by a wise process,
made a bountiful provision for the time, when in the order of things,
it should be necessary for civilized man to take possession of these
broad, rich prairies. As an equivalent for lack of forests, she quietly
stored away beneath the soil those wonderful carboniferous treasures
for the U<e of man.
Gcoliigical surveys have d(n'eloped the fact that the coal deposits in
the State arc almost unnumbered, embracing all varieties of the best
bituminous coal. A large portion of the State, has been ascer-
tained to be one continuous coal held, stretching from the niouth
of the Des Moines Kiver through Clark, Lewis, Scotland, Adair,
Macon, Shelby, Monrf>e, Audrain, Callaway, Boone, Cooper, Pettis,
Benton, Henry, St. Clair, Bates, Vernon, Cedar, Dade, Barton and
Jasper, into the Indian Territory, and the counties on the northwest of
this line contain more or less coal. Coal rocks exist in Ralls, M(jnt-
gonier}-, Warren, St. Charles, Moniteau, Cole, Morgan, Crawford and
Lincoln, and during the past t\'\v years, all along the lines of all tiie
i-ailroads in Xurth ^lissonri, and along the western end of the Mi^-nuri
Paeifie, and on the Mis.^jouri Ifiver, between Kansa> Citv antl Sioux
18 iiisrOKV OF mis.sul:i;i.
City, h.is systematic mining, opened up hundreds nf mines in diilereiit
loc;ilitiei. The ;irea ol" our coal lieds, cm the line of the .souihwesteni
bdiHid.irr of the State ;done, embraces iiiore than 2i_i,000 square miles
of regular coal measures. Tliis will give of workable coal, if the
average be one foot, 2(3, 800, 000,000 tons. The estimates from the
devehjpnients already made, in the dillerei^t povLions of the State, will
give 134,000,000,000 tons.
The ccouomical value of this coal to the State, iis influence in
domestic life, in navigation, commerce and uianufaeluie.-, is bevuud
the imagination of man to conceive. Snljice it to say, that in the pos-
session of her developeil and undeveloped co:d mines, rilis-^ouri has a
motive power, whi'di in its iufliUMices for good, in tlic civilization of
man, is more potent than the gold of California.
Iron. — Prominent among tiie minerals, wi)icli increase the power
and prosperity of a nation, is iron. Of this ore, .Missouri has an inex-
baustilde quaiuily, and like her coal fields, it has been develo|r..d in
many portior.s of the Stale, and of the best and pui-est qu.ditv. It is
found in great abundance in the counties of Cooper, St. Clair, Greene,
Henry, Franldin, Benlon, Dallas, Camden, St(me, ^ladison. Iron,
Washington, Perry, St. Francois, Reynolds, Stoddard, Scott, Dent
and others. The greatest deposit of iron is found in the Iron Moun-
tain, which is two hundred feet high, ami covers an area of live hun-
dred acres, and produces a metal, which is shown by anal\>is, to con-
tain from 65 to 69 per cent of metallic iron.
The ore of Shepherd Mountain contains from (U to 67 per cent of
metallic irmi. The oi-e of Pilot Knob contains from 53 to M per cent.
Rich beds of iron are alsn foimd at the R.ig Bo^^v Mountain, arid at
Russell ^Iount:iin. Thi> ore has, iu its nmle -tate, a varii.-( v of coliu;-,
fi-om the red, <iark red, black, brown, to a light bluish grav. Tlie
red ores are found iu tweuty-oue or more counties of the .State, ami
are of great commercial value. The brown henuitite iron ores extend
over a greater range of cour.try than all the others coudjined, emlirac-
ing about one hundred counties, and have been ascertained to exist in
these in large quantiti(?s.
Lead. — Long before any permanent settlements were made in Mis-
soui-i by the vhites, lead \va ; mined within the limits of the Stale at
two or three points on the Mississippi. At this time more than live
hundred mines are oi)eued, aud many of them are beimr snccessfuilv
worked. These depo-its of lead cover an ai-(>a. so far as developed,
of more than seven thou,~and squtire miles. Mines have been opened
HISTORY OF Missorni. 10
in JelTorson, Wa?l»iiig'ton, Si. I<\-ancois, ^I:vli.~oii, ^Vayiio, Cni-tcr, Kcy-
nokls, Ci-a\vfi)rt.l, Ste. Gcncviove, Ferry, Cole, Cupe Girarek-uu, Cam-
den, Morgan, unci many other conntics.
Copper and Zinc. — Several varieties of copper ore are fonnvl in
Missouri. Tlie copper mines of Shannon., Madison and I'ranklin
Cou'.i.tic.s have lu'cn i-;no\vn for years. ;:iul some of these have lioen
successfully worlied ;ind are now yielding good results.
Deposits of copper have been discovered in Dent, Crawford. Ben-
ton, Maries, Green, Lawrence, Dade, Taney, D:dlas, Phcdps Keynoius
and Wright Counties.
Zinc is abundant in nearly all the lead mines in the soutlnvestern
part of th.e State, and since th? compktinn cf the A. & P. K. R. a
market h;i3 been furnished for this ore, wliieh will be con. verted irdo
valuable merchandise.
Buihlhig ^(one and Marhlc. — There is no scarcitj- of good bnl'dini:
stone in Isli-scnui. LiniCStone, sandstone and granite exist in all
.shades of bull', blue, re>l and browr,, and are of great beauty as build-
ing material.
There are many marble beds in the State, some of v. iiich furnish
very beautiful and excellent marble. It is found in M^irion, Cooper,
St. Louis, and oiher counties.
One of the most desirable of the Jlissonri marbles is in the ord
^lagaesian limestone, on the Xiangua. It is line-grained, crystalline.
silico-magned:in limestcne, light-drab, slightly tinged with peach IjIc^-
som, and clouded by deep lle>h-colored shades. Li ornamental archi-
tecture it is rarely surpassed.
Gtjpsv.m ami L'hie. — Thongli no exten-ive beds of gvp<uui have
been discovered in jli^souri, lucre are vast beds of the [lure wiiite
crystalline variety on the lip.e of the Kansas Pacific Railroad, on Kan-
sas River, and on Gyp-unt Cr.-ek. It exists also in several other
localities accessible by both rail and boat.
■AH of the limestone rurmations in the State, from the coal me.a.-ure^
t(; fourth ^lagnesian. have more or less strata of vcr\- nearlv pure car-
bonate of [HI re lime.
CIa//s Old Pain/s\ — Clays are found in nearly all parts of the -State
suitable for making biicks. Potters' clay and fire-clay are worked in
many localities.
There are several beds of purple shades in the coal measures which
posse-s the properties reijui-ite for paints u-ed in outside work. Yel-
low and red ochres are foinid in cousideralde 4nantities oii the Mis-rrniri
20 niSTOKv or Missouri.
Hivcv. Some of those paints h;ive been thoroughly tested and foniul
Ijie-proof and durable.
Sl'KlNGS AND WATFCU r<:n\'ER.
No State is, perhaps, bettor ^uipplied with cold yjn-ings of pure w.ater
than Missouri. Out of the bottcuns, there is scareely a seetinii of
huid but has one or more perennial springs of good water. Even
vv'here there are no springs, good water can be obtained by digging
from t\vent3" to forty feet. Salt springs ai'e abundant in the centra!
part of the State, and discharge their brine in C'ot^pei', Saline, lluward,
and adjoining counties. Considerable salt was nnide in Cooper and
Howard Counties at an early day.
Snlpiiur springs are also numerous throughout the State. The
Chouteau Springs in Conjior, the Monagaw Springs in St. Clair, the
Elk Springs in Pike, and the Cheltenham Springs in St. Louis County
have acquired c()nsideral)le reputation as salubrious vraters, and have
become pop'alar places of rest>rt. Many other counties have good
sulphur springs.
Among .the Chalybeate springs the Sweet Springs on the Black-
water, and the Chalybeate spring in the University caoipus ;u-e, perha])s,
the most popular of the kind in the State. There are, howt;ver, other
springs impregnated with some of the salts of iron.
Petroh'um springs are iVmnd in Carroll, Kay, Raiidolph, Ca.^s,
Lafayette, Bates, Vernon, and other counties. The variety called
lubricathig oil is the nmre coimiUJU.
The M'ater power of the State is excellent. Larire spriuijs are
particularly abundant on the waters of the Meramec, Gasconade,
Bourbeuse, O.-age, Niangua, Spring, White, Sugar, and other streams.
Besides these, there are hundreds of springs suiEcicutly laree to drive
mills and factories, and the day is not far distant when these crvstal
fountains will be utilized, and a thousand saws will buzz to their
, dashlns: mn>ic.
HISTOUY or MISSOURI. 21
C II A P T E R lY.
TITLE AND EARLY SETTLEMENTS.
Title to Missouri Lands — Right of Discovery — Title of Franco and Spain — Cc'^sion
to the United States — Territorial Chances — Tvuiitie.-; v.ith Indians — First Sctilt-
ment — St.i. Genevieve and New Bourbon — St. Louis — When Incorporated —
Potosi — St. Charles — Portage des Sioux — N'ew Madrid — St. Francois CountA" —
Terry — Mi.s-;issippi — Loiitre Island— " Boone's Lick" — Cote Sans Dessein —
Hovi-ard County — Som _■ First Things — Counties — Wlien Oi'_'ani'.ed.
The title to the soil of Misiouri was, of course, primarily vested in
tlie origirial occujiaiiLs who iiiiiabited the eoiiiitry inior to its discovery
by the w!iite.s. But the Indians, being savages, possessed b;'t few
rights that civilized nations consid'.n-ed themselves bound to respect ;
so, therefore, ulien they found this country in the piossession of ^uch
a people they clainud it in the nanie of the King of Fran<'e, by the
rir/7it of discovery. It remtdncd under the jurisdiction of France
u.itil 1763.
Prior to the year 17(13, the entire continent of North America v.-:is
divided between Fram^e, England, Spain and Kussia. France in-ld ;dl
that portion that now col•l^titutes our national domain west of the
Mississippi River, except Texas, and the territory which we have
obtained from Mexico and Russia. The vast region., \vhili> under the
jurisdiction of France, was known as the " Pro\'inc(-- of Loui^ian-.i,"'
and embra.jcd the pre;ent State of Missouri. At the close of the
"Old French War," iu 1763, France gave up her share of the con-
tinent, and Spain cimie into the possession of the territory we?t of the
Mississippi River, while Great Britain retained Canada and the regions
northward, having obtained that territory by conquest, in tiie war
with France. For thirty-seven years the territory now eniljraced
within the limits of Missouri, remained tts a part of the possession of
Spain, and then went back to France by the treaty of St. Ildefonso,
October 1, IbOO. Ou the 30th of April, 1S03, France ceded it to the
United States, in consideration of receiving $11,:?50,000, and the
liquidatiou of certain claims, held by citizens of the United States
against France, which amounted to the further sum of $3,7.50,000,
making a total of $15,000,000. It will thus be seen that France has
twice, and Spain once, held sovereignty over the territory embracing
22 . HisToui- or 3ai>otKi.
Missouri, 'but the financial needs of Napoleon afforded our Govern-
ment an ojtportunity to add another empire to its domain.
On the 3Ut of October, 1803, an act of Congress was approved,
authorizing the President to take possession of the newly acquired
territory, and provided for it a temporary government, and another
act, approved March 26, 1 SO i, authorized the division of the " Louis-
iana Purchase," as it was then called, into two sepiirute territories.
All that portion south of the -S-jd parallel of nortii latitude was called
the " Territt)ry of Orleans," and that north of the s:iid parallel vras
known as the " District of Louisiana," and was j)laced under the
jurisdiction of what was then known as •' Indian Territory."
By virtue of an act of Congress, approved March 3, ISdo, the
"District of Louisiana" was organized as the "Territory of Louis-
iana," with a territorial government of its own, which went into
operation July 4th of the same year, and it so remained till ISI'2. In
this year the " Territory of Orleans" became the Stale of Louisiana,
and the "Territory of Louisiana" was organized as the " Terrilor}^
of ilissouri."
This change took place under an act of Congress, approved June 4,
1312. In 181i', a portion of this territory was organized as "Arkan-
sas Territory ," and on August 10, 1821, the State of Missouri was
admitted, being a pai-t of the former " Territory of Missouri."
In 183 i, the "Platte Purchase," then being a part of the Indian
Territory, and now composing the counties of Atchison, Andrew,
Buchanan, Holt, Nodaway and Platte, v.as made by treaty with the
Indians, and added to the State. It will be seen, then, that the soil
of Missouri belonged : —
1. To France, with other territory.
2. In 17G3, with other territory, it was ceded to Spain.
3. October 1, ISOO, it was ceded, with other territory from Spain,
back to France.
4. April 30, 1803, it was ceded, with other territory, by France to
4he United States.
5. October 31, ISOo, a temporary government was auiiiorized by
Congress for the newly acquired territor}-.
6. October 1, 1804, it was included in the " District of Louisiana "
and placed under the territorial government of Indiana.
7. July 4, 1805, it was included as a part of the " Territory of
Louisiana," then organized with a separate territorial government.
IlISTORV OF JIl.SSOL'ia.
23
8. June 4, 1812, it was ouiln-iicod in wlial was thou mado tbe " Tor-
ritrn'V of Missouri."
9. AuL;n^l 10, l6-?.\, it was admitted into tiie Union as a St:ite.
10. In l.sot), tiic "Platte Pui-chase " was made, adding more ter-
ritory to tho State.
The cession by France. April 30, 1303, vested the title in the United
States, sulijoet to the elainis of the Imlians, whieh it was veiy justly
the policy of the Government to recognize. Beibre the Government
of the United States could vest clear title to the soil in the grantee it
was necessary to extinguish the Indian title by purchase. This was
done accordingly by treaties made with the Indians at different times.
EAKLY SETTLEMENTS.
The name of the first white man .who set foot on the territory new
embraced in the State of Missouri, is not known, nor is it known at
what precise period tlie lirst settlements were made. It is, however,
generally agreed that they wore made at Ste. Genevieve and New
Bourbon, tratlition tixing the date of the settlements in the .'uituuiu of
1/cii. Tlic-e towns were settled by tho French from Kaskaskin and
St. Philip in lUinnis.
St. Louis was founded by Pierre Laclede Liguest, on tlie 1.5th of
Feln-uarv, ITtU. He was a native of France, and was one of the
mend)ers of the company of Laclede Liguest, Antojiio Mnxant & Co.,
to whom a roval charter had been granted, confirming the privileo'e
of an exclusive trade with the Indians of ^lissouri as far north as St.
Peter's River.
While in search of a trading post he ascended the ^Mississippi as far
as the month of tb.e Missouri, and linally returned to the present town
site of St. Louis. After the vjlhige had lieen hud off he nauied it St.
Louis in honor of Louis XV., of France.
The colony thrived rapidly by accessions from Kaskaskia and other
towns on ihe east sivle of the Mi.^.>issippi, and its trade was largelv in_
creased by many of the Indian tribes, who removed a portion of their
peltry trade from the same towns to St. Louis. It was incorporated
as a town on the ninth day of Xovember, 1809, by the Court of Com-
mor, Pleas of the district of St. Louis ; the town trustees being
Augusts Chouteau, Edward Hempstead, Jean F. Cabanne, "Wra. C.
Carr auJ \Villiam Christy, and incorporated OjS a city December 9,
1822. The selection of the town site on whieh St. Louis stands was
highly judicious, the spot not oidy bL-ing healtliful and havii'.g the ad-
24 HISTORY OF J!lf-^OUi:i.
vantages i.if ^\'ater transportation iinr-i'.riui— .cd. l>i]t .^urround'ti bv a
beautiful region of country, ricli in soil an'd mineral ros.)iHrcs. St.
Louis has grov.-n to be the fifth city in popuhition in the Union, and
is to-day the great center of internal commerce of the Missouri, tiie
Mississippi and their triiiularies, and, with its railroad facilities, it is
destined to be the greatest inland city of the American continent.
The next settlement was made at Potosi, in ^Va,^hington Countv. in
1765, by Francis Breton, who, while cha-ing a bear, discovered the
mine near the present town of P>j)osi, where he .■ifierward located.
One of the most prominent pioneer- who settled at Poto-i was
Moses Austin, of Virginia, who, in 179.5, received l>v :^'rant from the
Spanish government a league of land, now known a- the "Austin .Sur-
vey," Tiie grant was made on conditinn that Mr. An.-tin would es-
tablish a lead mine at Potosi and wm-k it. lb' built a palatial
residence, for that day. on the brow of tlie hill in ilie little vilia-e,
which was for many years known as " D.irham Hall." At this i)oint
the first shot-lower and sh'i-et-lcad manufictory were erected.
Five years after the Ibunding of St. Louis the first setllemerit made
ill Northern Missouri was made near St. Charles, in St. Chailes
County, in 17G9. The name given to it, and which it retained till
1784, was Les Petites Coles, signifying, Little Hills. The town site
was located by Blanchette, a Frenchman, surnamed LeCh.isseur, wlio
built the first fort in the town and established ihere a niilitarv post.
Soon after the establishment of the militaiy post at St. Charles, t!ie
old French village of Portage des Sioux, was located on the Mi>-.is-
sippi, just below the month of the Illinois River, and at abunl tlie
same time a Kickapoo village was commenced at Clear "Weatlier Lake.
The present town site of New Madrid, in New Madrid countv, was
settled in 1781, by French Canadi.ins, it th'_-n lieing occupied bv liei-
aware Indians. The place no^v known as Big River ^Nlill.^, St. Fran-
cois county, was settled in 1796, Andrew Baker, John Alley, Francis
Starnater and John Andrews, each locating claims. The follov.dng
year, a settlement was niade in the same county, just below the pres-
ent town of Farmington, by the Rev. William ^lurphy, a Baptist min-
ister from East Tennessee. In 1790, settlements were made in Perry
county by emigrants from Kentucky and Pennsylvania ; the latter lo-
cating in the rich bottom lands of Bois Brule, the former generally
settling in the " Barrens," and along the waters of Saline Creek.
Bird's Point, in Mississippi county, opposite Cairo, Illinois, was
settled August 6, 1600, l)y John Johnson, l>y virtue of a land-grant
iiiSTOm' OF Missouia. 25
from tlie conimaiidanl under the Spanish Governinont. NorfoIl.c and
Chnrlcston, in the same county, were settled respectively in IS'IU ;nid
1801, Warren C'.)unty was s-ltlcd in 1801. Lon.tre Island, hoiuw
the present town of Hermann, in the Missouri Eiver, m'us setlled bv a
few American families in 1507. This little comi)any of pioneers suf-
ff^rcd <xro:itly from tiie Hoods, as well as from tlie incursions of thievinLT
and blood-thirsty Indians, and many incidents of a thrilling character
could be related of triaU and strngu^les, had \\o the time and space.
In 1807, Nathan and Daniel M. r>ooiie, st)ns of the great hunler and
pioneer, in comiiany with three others, went from St. Louis to
"Boone's I;ick," in Howard county, wiiere tlicy nuuiuf letnred salt
and formed the nucleus of a small settlement.
Coie Sans Des.^eia, now called BakersvilK', on the Missouri Kiver,
in Callaway county, was settled by the French in 1801. This litth;
town wa= con-iderel at that time, as the " Far West" of the new
Avorld. During tlie war of 1812, at this place many hard-foiight
battles occurred between the whites and Indians, wheriin wonriu's
fortitude and courage greatly assisted in tlie defence of the seltle-
nn nt.
In 1810, a colony of Kentnckians numbering one hundred and tifty
families immigrated to Howard county, an^l settled on the Missouri
Paver in Coop"r's Bottom near the preseid town of Franklin, and
opjiositG Arrow Rock.
Such, in brief, is the history of some of the early settlements of
Missouri, covering a period of more than half a ceuttiry.
These settlements were made on the water courses; usually along
the baidis of the two great streams, whoso navigation afforded them
transportatio'i for th.-ir marketable commodities, and communication
with tlie ci\'iiized portion of the country.
They not (july encountered the gloomy f )rests, si^ttling as tliey did
by the river's brink, but the hostile inctirsion of savage Indians, by
whom ;hey were fa- many years surrounded.
The expedients of these brave men who first broke ground in the
territory, have been succeeded by the permanent and tastetiil improve-
ments of their descendants. Upon the spots where they toib-d, dared
and died, are seen the comfortable farm, the beautiful village, and
thrifty city. Churches and school houses greet the eye on every
hand; railroads diverge in every directioti. and. indeed, all the appli-
ances of a higher ci\iUzation are profusely otrewii over the smiling
'Surface of the State.
26 HISTOUY OF MISSOUKI.
Culture's band
Has scattered verdure o'er the land;
And smiles iiid frn^mnce rule serene,
Where barren wild usurped the seeno.
SOME FII;ST THIXGS.
The first mivriagf that took place in ML^~ourl was Apvi! 20, 17Gi>,
HI St. Louis.
The tirsL baptism was peviVirinod in May, 17G6, in St. Louis.
The first house of worship, (Catholic) was eiectcd in 1775, at St.
Louis.
The first fer.y established in 1805, on the Mississippi Eiver, at St.
lyouis.
The first newspaper cstaldish.ecl in St. Louis (M/'ss-ouri Ga-X'/'e), in
LSOS.
The first postofSce was cstal)lished iu ItiOl, in St. Louis — llufns
Euslo'ij post-master.
The first Protestant church erected at Sfe. Genevieve, in 180(5 —
Baptist.
The first bank established (Bank of St. Louis), in 18U.
The first market house opened in 1811, in St. Louis.
The first steamboat on the U[iper Mississippi was the General Pike,
Capt. Jacob Peid ; landed at St. Louis 1817.
The lust board ot'iiaistees for public schools appointed in 1817, St.
Louis.
The first college luiilt (St. Louis CoUeg-e), in 1817.
The first steamboat that came up the Missouri River as high as
Franklin was the Independence, in May, 1819 ; Ca[)t. Nelson, mas-
ter.
The first court house erected in 1823, in St. Louis.
The first cholera appeared in St. Louis in 18;!-2.
The first railroad convention held in St. Louis, April 20, 1836.
The first telegraph lines reached East St. Louis, Decent ijor 20,
1847.
The first great fire occurred in St. Louis, 1849.
C IT AFTER Y.
TEKRITOI^lAL ORGANIZATION.
Or.^inizrrtio.i 1812-- Ciiiucil — House of Kepreseiitafn-es — ViMiliam Cl.irk first Terri-
torial Governor— EU\vaiil IleTnpstead first P.-!cg;tie — Spanish Grants — First
General Assembly — Procce Jiags — Second A,-sembly — ProcoediiiL's — Population
of Territory — Vote of Territory — EufusEaston — Absent Members — Third Assem-
bly—Proceedings — Application for Admission.
Coiifrrc?s organized Missouri as a Tcirilnry, July 4, 181-2. with ,1
Governoi- and General Assembly. Tlie Governor, Legislative Coun-
cil, and House of llepresentativcs exercised the Legislative power of
th*^ Territory, the Governor's vetoing power hcing absolute.
he Legislative Council was composed of nine members, whose ten-
ure of otiiee lasted live years. Eighteen citizens were nominated by
the House of Eeproseutatives to the President of the Unitc'd States,
from whom lie selected, with the approval of the Senate, nine Couu-
c;llo;-s,to cor.ipose the Legislative Council.
The House of rvciiresentatives consi.^ted of members chosen, every
two 3'ears by the people, the basis of representation being one mem-
ber for every tise huudrod while males. Tlie first House of Repre-
sentatives cons.Uted of thirteen meml)ers, and, by Act of Cougiess, the
whole number of Eepresentatives could not exceoi.l twcuty-fi\e.
The judicial po\ver of the Territory, was vested in the Superior and
Inferior Courts, and in the Justices of the Peace ; the Superior Cotirt
having three judges, whose term of oiSce continued four years. Lav-
ing origin;'! and appellate jurisdi'-tion in civil and criminal cases.
The Territory c<'uld send one delegate to Congress. Governor
Clark issued a proclamation, October 1st, 1812, required by Congress,
reorganizing the districts of St. Charles, St. Louis, Ste. Genevieve,
Cape Girardeau, and New Madrid, into five counties, and fixed the
second Monday in November following, for the election of a delegate
to Congress, and the members of the Territorial House of Represen-
tatives.
William Clark, of the expedition of Lewis and Clark, was the first
Territorial Governor, appointed by the President, who began his duties
1813.
Edward Hempstead, Rufus Easton. Samuel H;unun>nd, and Matthew
Lyon were candidates in November for dele^rates to Congress.
28 HISTOJIY OF illttiUUKI.
Efhvard Hcinpsleacl ^'.ms elected, liomg the first Territorial Dele-
gate to Coagrci-s from Missouri. He i-crvcd oue term, declinitig a
second, and was instraiiier.t;d ia having Congress to ])ass the act of
Juno 13, 181 "2, wliich he introduced, confirniiug the title to lands
which were claimed h}' the people by virtue of Spanish grants. The
same act conlirmed to the penple " for the support of schools," the
title to village lots, oul-lots or common field lots, which were held
and enjoyed by them, at the time of the session in 1803.
Under the act of June 4, 1812, the first General Assemlily held its
session in the house of Joseph llobidoux, in St. Louis, on the 7th of
December, 1812. Tlie names of the members of the House were: —
St. Charles.- — John Pitman and liobert Spencer.
St. Louis. — D:w\d ?»Iu.~ic, Bernard G. Farrar, Williani C. Carr,
and Richard Chirlv.
Ste. Genevieve. — George Bullet, Richard S. Thomas, and Laac
LIcG ready.
Cape Girardeau. — Gi.'orge I'\ Bollinger, and Spencer Eyi'd.
New Madi'id. — John Shradorand Samuel Phillips.
John B C Lucas, one of tlie Territorial Judges, admiiiistered the
oath of otlice. William C. Carr was elected speaker, and Andrew
Scott, Clerk.
The House of Representatives proceeded to nominate eighteen jjer-
soi'.s from v;hom tin President of the United States, with the Senate,
was to select nine for the Council. From this number tljc President
chose the follovidng;
St. Charles. — James Flangherty and Benjamin Emmons.
St. Louis. — Auguste Chouteau, Sr., and Samuel Ilamnn^nd.
Ste. Genevieve. — John Scott and Janies Maxwell.
Capo Girardeau. — William Neeley and Joseph Caveiior.
New ^ladrid. — ^ Joseph flunter.
The Legislative Council, thus chosen by the President and Senate,
was announced iiy Fri^derick B.ites, Secretary aU'l Acting-Governor of
the Territory, liy [)rochimaliou, June 3, 1813, and fixing tlie first
Monday in July following, as tlie time for the meeting of the Legis-
lature.
In the mciintiine the duties of the executive otlii'c v,-ore assumed by
William Clark. The Legislature accordingly met, as re(piired by the
Acting-Governor's proclamation, in July, but its proceedings were
never ofiicially published. Consequently but little is known in refer-
ence to the workings of the first Territorial Legislature in ^lissouri.
HISTOKi OJ:- MISSOURI.
29
From the impfrfoct account, published in tlio Missouri Gazf-iic, of
that day ; a, paper \vhich had liecn in oxistenee since 1808, it is found
that laws were, passed regulating and establishini^ weights and meas-
ures ; creating the oificc of Sherilf; providing the manner for taking
the census ; permanently fixing the seats of Justices, and an act to
co?niiensate its own memhers. .At this session, laws were also passed
defining crimes and penalties ; laws in reference to forcible entry and
detainer; cstalili.-hing Courts of Common Pleas; incorporating the
Bank of St. Louis :" and organiiiing a part of Ste. Genevieve county
into the county of "Washington.
The next session of the Legislature convened in St. Louis, Decem-
ber fi, IS] 3. George Bullet of Ste. Genevieve county, was speaker
elect, and Andi'ew Scott, clerk, ;ind ^yilliara Sullivan, doorkeeper.
Since the adjournnient of the former Legislature, several vacancies
had occurred, and new members had been elected to fill their places.
Among these was Israel :\IcCready, from the c-^unty of ^^'ashington.
The president of the legislative council was Samuel Hammond.
No journal of the council was officially published, but the proceedings
of tlie house are found in the Gazttte.
At this session of the Legislature many wise and useful laws were
passed, having refercjice to the temporal as well as the moral and
spiritual welfare of the people. Laws were enacted for the suppres-
sion of vice and ininioraiity ou the Saiibath day ; for the improve-
ment of public roads and highways ; creating the offices of auditor,
treasurer and county surveyor; regulating the fiscal affairs of the
Territory and fixing the boundary lines of Xev,- iLidrid, Cape Girar-
deau, Washingtuu and St. Charles counties. The Legislature ad-
journed on the It'th of .January, l>>li, sine die.
The population of the Territory as shown by the United States
census in LSIO, was 20,84:5. The census taken by the Legisltiture in
Lj14 g"ve the Territory a population of 25,000. This enumeration
shows the county of St. Louis cinitained the greatest number of ir.-
habitants, aud the new county of Arkansas the least — the latter hav-
ing 827, and the former 3,149,
The candidates for delegate to Congress were Rufus Easton, Samuel
Hammond, Alexander McNair and Thomas F, Kidilick. Rufus
Easton and Samuel Hammond had been candidates at the preceding
election. In all the counties, excepting Arkansas, the votes aggre-
gated 2,599, of which number Mr. Easton received 9t')5, Mr. H.un-
so HISTOKV OF MISSOUJU.
uicmd 7-in, 'Mv . MeNair y5.'->, am! Mr. Riildiek (who li;ul wiilidrawu
previously to the election) ?>.''. Mr. Ea.-^lon was elected.
TJj3 census of" 1814 showing a large increase in the popul-iiion of
the Territory, an appointment was nnule incrcasinp,- the niinihcr of
Representatives in the Territorial Legislature to t\venU'-t\vo. The
Gerioral Assenihly began its session in St. Louis, Deceniher 5, 181-i.
There were present on the first day twenty Kepresentatives. James
Caldwell of Ste. Genevieve county was elected speaker, and Andrew
Scott who had been clerk of the preceding assend)h', was chosen
clerk. The President of the Council was William ^Neelcy, of C;ipe
Girardeau county.
It appeared that Jann?s ^Maxwell, the absent member of the Council,
and Soth Emmons, mendier elect of the House of Eepresentatives,
were dead. The county of Lawrence was organized at this session,
from the western part of New I\ladrid county, and the corporate
powers of St. Louis were enlarged. Li 181.5 the Territorial Legisla-
ture again began it? session. Only a partial rer,ort of its proceedinus
are given in the Ga.i>'ft:\ The county of Howard was then ori:-anized
from St. Louis ant! St. Charles rounties, and included all that part of
the State lying north of the Osage and south of the dividing- rido'e
between the Mississippi and ilissouri Rivers. (For pieii ;e liounda-
ries, see Chapter L of the History of Boone County.)
The next session of the Territorial Legislature commenced its ses-
sion in December, ISK!. During the sitting of this Lei;-islature nnuw
imiiortant acts were passed. It was then tliat the '• Bank of Mis-
souri " ^vas clnu'tered and weutinto ojicration. In the fall of 1817 the
"Bank of St. Louis" and the "Bank of Missouri" were issuini:-
bills. An act wa-- passed cli.-uteiiug lottery ctuujianies, charierinu-
the acaileiriy at Potosi, and iiicorp.or.iting a board of trustees for
superintending the schools in the town of St. Louis. Laws were also
passed to encourage the " killing of wolves, panthers and wild-cats."
The Territorial Legislature met again in December, 1818, and,
among other things, organized the counties of Pike, Cooper, Jeti'er-
son, Franklin, Wayne, Lincoln, ^Madison, Montgiunery, and three
counties in the Southern part of Arkansas. Li 1819 the Territory of
Arkansas was formed into a se[)arate goverunuMit of its own.
The people of the Territory of Missouri had been, tor some time
anxious that theirTerritorysliOuld a>suuie the duties and responsibilities
of a sovereign Sttite. Since 1812, the date of tlie or^'anization of the.
Territory, the pnpulatiou had rapidly iucrea-ed, many counties had
niSTUUY OF MISSOURI. 31
beni rst;il)li.-!iod, its coinnicroe h:ul grown into importanco, it-; ain-i-
ciilturiil aud minoi'al resonvcfs were heiii;^ developed, and believing
t!):i; it* adinis.-ion inio iho Union as a State would give fVe.-h impetus
to all these interests, and li;isten its settlement, the Territorial Legis-
kit'ire of lsl8-iy accordingly n^.ade ap[)lic:ition to Congress for the
!ia-~.ia'c of CM act auiliorizing the poo[)le of Missouri to organize a State
u-overnnient.
ClIArTEK YI.
Application cf Missouri to be admitted into t!ie Union — Airiwtion of the Siavory
Question — "Missouri Compromise" — Cimstitutional Convention of It^ilO — Con-
stitution preseuted toCor.iresb — Furtlioi- IJoiistuace to Admission — Mr. CJaj and
his Committee make Report — Second Compromise — Jlissonri Admitted.
V\'::h the a;ii)lieation of the Territurial Legislature of ]Mi-sou'-i for
her admission into the Union, coiniuenced the real agitation of the
shi.verv questimi in the United States.
Nut, only v/as <.uu- Nation.-d Legi^lature the theater of angry disrus-
siijik- hut everyM-here throughout the length and hreadth of the Ke-
puhlic the "Missouri Question" svas the all-ah.-^orhing ihenie. The
political skies threaiened,
" lu forked flashes, a commanding tempest,"
Which was lialile to burst upon the nation at any moment. Through
such a crisi-- our ciunitry seemed destined to pass. The Ciuesticn as to
tlie aduiijsion of Missouri was to be the beginning of this crisis, .which
distractei.l the public counsels of the nation for more tlian forij- years
afte'-wa':d.
Mi>-()uri asked to be adniitted into the great family of States.
" LowtM- Lf)uisiana," her twin si.^ter Territory, had knocked at the
doru' of the Union eight vears previou.-ly, a\id was admitted as stipu-
lated by Napoleon, to all the rights, privileges and immunities of a
State, ami in acconlance with the stipulations of the same treaty,
Missouri now sought to be clothed with the same rights, priviii'i^fs
and imn'.unities.
-As what is knov.-n in the histiuy of the Uinted States as the " Mis-
souri Compromise," of ksi'O, takes rank among the most prominent
32 HiSTonv oi- Missorui.
niOii-iires that IkkI up tr. thut 'lay ciigaLred tl)e attention of our
National Legislature, we tlrall enter somewhat ii.'to its details, being
connected as tliev i.ie with the annals ol'tiic State.
February 15th, 18 J 9. — After the House had resolved itself into a
Conuaiiiee of liie VV'hole m\ liie bill to authorize the admission nf Mis-
souri into Ihe Union, and after the question of \\^'v admission had been
discussed for some, time, Mr. Tallnmdge, of Xew Yorl;, moved to
amend the bill, hy 'idding to it the f<dl()vving |)r()viso : —
'^And Profided, 'J'h.it the fui'ther introduetion oi' sh'.vory or involun-
tary servitude be proliibited, exi.'ept for the juinishmenk of crime,
^N'heretjf the party sliail havi' been duly eon viekd. ar.d that all rhil-
dreu born within the said State, after the admission thereof into the
Union, shall be free iit the age of twentv-tive rears."
As might have been expected, this [)roviso precipitated the angry
discussions which hi-.ted nearly three years, finally culminating in the
Missouri Compromise. All phase's of the slavery question v.ere pre-
sented, not in its moral and social aspects, but as a great eonstifu-
tional question, atfecting Missouri and the admis-ion of futun^ Strifes.
T:ie proviso, wheu sidMiiitted to a vote, was adopted — 79 to 67, and
so reported to the House.
Hon. John Scott, who was at that time a delegate from the Terri-
tory of Missouri, w:;,-. not permitted to vote, but as sirch delegiite he
had the privilege of participating in the debates which followed. On
tlie 16th day of February the proviso was taken u]:> and discus-cd.
After several speeches had been made, among them one by Mr. Scott
and one by the author of the i>roviso, Mr. Tallmadge, the aniendmeiit,
or provi-o, was divided into two parts, and voted ui)on. 'J'he first
part of it, which included all to the word " convicted," was ad"i)tcd —
87 to 70. The remaining part w:is then voted upon, and also
adopted, by 82 to 78. V,\ a vote of 97 to b\'> the bill was ordered to
be engrossed for a third reading.
The Senate Committee, to whom the bill was referred, reported the
same to the Senate ou the 19lh of February, when that body voted
first upon a motion to strike out of the proviso all after the word
" convicted," which was carried by a vote of 32 to 7. It then voted
to strike out the first entire clause, which [u-evailed — -I'l to \^'',
thereby defeating the proviso.
The House declined to concur in the action of the Senate, and the
bill was aLTaiu returned to that body, which in turn refused to recdle
from its position. The bill was lost and Congress adjourned. This
UrsTOUV OF .MISSOUiM.
33
was most unfortunate for the (X)iiiilry. The people hnvinz nlvoMcly
lieeii wrougiit up to fever lieat over the agitation of the i.p)o>tioa iu
th(^ X.iiiouiil Councils, now becauie iiiteujcly excited. The press
added fuel to the flame, ;ind the progress of events seemed rapidly
ti.;idii;g to {.he do'.vnfall of our i;;.lIonality.
A long interval of nine months was to ensue before the mooting of
Congress. The body indicated by its vole upon the " Missouri Ques-
tion," that the two great secti(nis of the country were politically
divided upon the subject of slavery. The restrict ivc clause, which it
was sought to impose upon Missouri as a condition of her admission,
would in all prob-Jiility, he one of the conditi(Uis of the admission of
ihe Territory of Arkansas. The public mind was iu a state of great
doubt and uncertainty up to the meeting of Congress, vrhich look
place on the 6th of December, 1819. The memorial of the Legisla-
tive Council arid House of lvei)reseutativcs of the Missouri Territory,
praying for admis^-ion into the Union, was presented to tlie Senate
by Mr. Smith, of South Carolina. It was referred to the Judiciary
Coiuniittec.
Some three weeks having passed without any action Ihcreoa by the
Senate, the bill was taken up and discussed by the House until the
liUh of February, when the bill from the Senate for the admission of
Miine was considered. The bill for the admission of Maine included
the " Mi-sonri Question," by an amendment which read as follows:
"And be it further enacted, Tliat in all that territory ceded by
France to the United States, under the name of Louisiana, which, lies
m.rtb of thirtv-six degrees and tliirty miiuites, north latitude (except-
ing such part thereof as is) included within the limits of the State,
co7itemplated by this act, slavery and involuniary servitude, oth'jr-
wise than in the punishment of crimes, whereof the party sh:dl have
been convicted, shall be aud is hereby forever prohibited ; ProviiJrd,
always, That any person escaping into the same from whom labor or
service is lawfully claimed, iu any State or Territory of the United
States, such fugitive nu\y be lawfully reclaimed and conveyed to the
person claiming his or her labor or services as aforesaid."
The Senate adopted this amendment, which formed the basis of the
"Missouri Compromise," modified afterward by striking out the
words, " excepting onl>j such part thereof."
The bill passed the Senate by a vote of 24 to 20. On the 2d day of
March the House took up the bill and amendments for consideration,
and bv a vote of 13i to 42 concurred in the Senate ameudment, and
34 iiisTOia' OF Missouia.
the bill hi'iiig- p;t.---(.'d by the two IIaUi-cs, coii.stiluted secfinn 8, of
"All Act to authorize the people ol' the ?i!i-.':;nuri Tevritoiy to fonn a
Coiistiiiition and State Government, and for the admission of such
State into the Union on an equal footing with the original Stales, and
to prohibit c-la\ui} ia ceitaiu territoiy."
This act was approved March 6, 18i'0. Missouri then contained fif-
teen organized counties. Bv act of Congress the people of said Si ate
were authorized to hold an election on the tii-^l I^Toiiuaj-, and two suc-
ceeding days thereal'ter in May, 1820, to select repreocntatives tea
State convention. This convention met in St. Louis on the 12th of
June, ft) 11 owing the election in 'Sbiy, ami concluded its labors o:i the
19th of July, LSl'O. David Barton was its President, and Wm. G.
Pettis, Secretary. There were fculy-one members of this convention,
men of ability and statesmanship, as the admira!)le constitution which
they framed amply te^titles. Their names and the counties repre-
sented by thein are as follows : —
Cane" Girardeau. — Stephen Byrd, James Evans, Kichard S.
Thomas, Alexander Buckner and Joseph McFerron.
Cooper.— lloUcvt P. Clark, Robert ^Yalhlce, Wm. Lillard.
FrankUn. — John G. Heath,
Hoicnrd. — NJehoIas S. Burkhart, DutT Green, John Kay, Jonathan
S. Findley, Beiij. II. Keeves.
Jefferson. — Daniel Hammond.
Lincoln. — ^lalconi Henry.
Montqoinery. — Jonathan Ramsey, James Talbott.
Madison. — Nathaniel Cook.
Neu) Madrid. — Robert S. Dawson, Christoiiher G. Honts.
p/A-f.. _ Stephen Cleaver.
St. CJi.arJes. — Benjamin Emmons, Nathan Bi'ione, Hiram IT. Baber.
Ste. Genevieve. — Joim D. Cook, Henry Dodge, John Scott, R. T.
Brown.
aSV. Louis. — David Barton, Edward Bates, Alexander McNiir,
Wm. Rector, John C. Sullivan, Pierre Chouteau, Jr., Bernard Pratte,
Thomas F. Riddick.
Wasliington.—, ]o\inVMe Jones, Samuel Perry, John Hutchings.
Wayne. — Elijah Bettis.
Oil the 13th of November, 1S20, Congress met again, and oa the
sixth of the same mouth ?*Ir. Scott, the delegate from ?iIi>souri, pi-e-
sented to the House the Constitution as f;-amed by the couveutlou.
msTOIlY OF MISSOrKI. . 35
The same was veferrcd to u select coinniittee, who inri'.le tLer.'on a
I'avorable report.
The admission ef llie State, however, was resisted, because it was
claimed tint its constitution sanctioned slavery, and authorized the
Legislature to pass hr.vs prcrcntiup: free ncrroes and muhittoes from
settling in the State. The report of the ci'^miuittee to wiiom was
referred the Coustitntion of Missouri was accompanied by a preaniljle
and resoKitions, otiered by Mr. Lowndes, of South Carolina. The
preamble and resolutions were stricken out.
The application of tlie State for admission shared the same fate in
the Senate. The question was referred to a select coniniittee, wl-.o,
on the 29th of November, reported in favor of admitting the State.'
The debate, which followed, continried fur two Viceks, and linallv Mi.
Eaton, of Tennessee, otiered an amendment to the resolution as I'ol-
lows : —
" Provide 1, Thrct nothing herein contained shall be so eonstrucl as
to give the assent of Congress ti> any jirovision in the Couj-titutioii of
Missouri, if any such there be, wliich contravenes that clause in tl-.e
Coi'stitution of the United Slates, whicli declares that the citizen^ of
each State shall be entitled to ail the privileges and immunities of
citizens in the several States."
The resolution, as amended, was adopted. The resolution and
proviso -were again taken up and discussed at great length, when the
committee agreed to report the resolution to the House.
The question on agreeing to the amendment, as reported from tlie
committee of the whole, was lost in the House. A similar resolution
afterward passed the Senate, but was again rejected in the PLni-e.
Then it was that that great statesman and pure j^atriot, Henrv Clay,
of Kentucky, feeling that the hour had come when angr^' dk-eussimis
should cease,
" With grave
Aspect he rose, aucl iu his rising seem'd
A pillar of state; deep on his front engraver
Deliberation sat and public care ;
And princely counsel in his face yet shon-e
Majestic "•*•»•*
proposed that the question of Missouri's admission be referred to a
C(unmittee consisting of twenty-three jiorsons (a number equal to tlie
numljer of States then composing the Union), be appointed to aLt iu
conjunctio!! with a committee of tlie Senate to consider and re[)iHt
whether ^lissouri should be admitted, etc.
36 >!IS30UV or MISiOUKI.
Tho mnlinn prevailed ; the committee was appointed and Mr. Clay
made its churman. Tiie Senate selected seven of its nunnbers to act
with the committee of tH-eut3--tbree, and on the 2GLh of February the
foUov.'ing report ■vvas liiiide by that committee : —
" Ec^7olved, by the yuiiatc and House of Representatives of the
United State* of America in Congress assembled : That Missouri shall
be admitted into the Union, on an equal footing with the original
States, in all respects whatever, upon the fundamental condition th:\t
the fourth clause, of the twenty-sixth section of the third article of
the Constitution sabmilted on the part of said State to Congress, shall
never be construed to aulhorize the p;ts.-;igc of any law, and that no
law shall be passed in conformity thereto, by which any citizen of
either of the States in this Union shall l)e excluded from the enjoy-
ment of any of the privileges and immunities to which tuch citizen is
entitled, under the Constitution of the United States ; provided, That
the Legislature of said State, by a Solemn Public Act, shall declare
the assent of the said State, to the said fundnmeutal condition, and
shall transmit to the President of the United States, on or before the
fourth Monday in November next, an authentic copy of the said act :
upou the receipt whereof, the President, by proclamation, shall an-
nounce the fact; whereupon, aud without any further proceeding on
the part of Congress, the admission of the said State into the Union
shall be c;)nsidcied complete."
This resolution, after a brief debate, was adopted in the Ilou^e, and
passed the Senate on thr 2Sth of February, 1821.
At a special session of tiie Legislature held in St. Charles, in June
following, a Solemn Public Act was adopted, giving its assent to the
conditions of admission, as expressed in the resolution of Mr. Clay.
August 10th, 18-21, President Monroe announced by proclamntiou thf-
admission of Missouri into the Union to be complete.
HISTOKV OF MISSOURI. 37
CIIAPTEE YII.
MISSOUKI AS A STATE.
First Election for Governor aud other Stf.te OfTiccrs — Senators and Representatives to
General Assembly — Siierifi'.-- and Coroners — U. S. Senators ■ — Representatives in
Coasress — Supreme Court Judges — Counties Oriranized — Capital Moved to St.
Charles — Official Record of Territorial an^I Slate OlTictrs.
By the Coustitutiou adopted by the Convention ou the 19ili of July,
1820, the General Assembly Avas required to meet in St. Louis or. the
third Monday in September of that year, and an election was ordered
to be held on the 28th of August for the election of a Governor and
other State ofiicers, Senators and Representatives to the General
Assembly, Sherift's and Coroners, United States Senators and Sepre-
sentatives in Congress.
It ■will be seen that ^Missouri had not as yet been admitted as a
State, but in anticipation of tliat event, «nd according to the provi-
sions of the constitution, the election was held, and the General As-
semlily convened.
William Clark ( -.vlio ha'.l been Governor of the Territory) aud
Alexander McXair were the candidates for Governor. McXair )-e-
ceived 6,576 votes, C!ark 2,550, total vote of the St:ite 9,132. There
were three candidates for Lieutenant-Governor, to wit : "Wiiliani H.
Ashley, Nathaniel CooIj and Henry Elliot. Ashley received 3,907
votes, Cook 3,212, Elliot 931. A Kepresentative was to be elected
for the residue of the Sixteenth Congress and one for the Seventeenth.
John Scott who was at the time Territorial delegate, was elected to
both Congresses without opposition.
The General Assembly elected in August met on the 19th of Sep-
tember, 1820, and organized by electing James Caldwell, of Ste.
Genevieve, speaker, and John McArthur clerk: AVilliam H. Ashlev,
Lieutenant-Governor, President of the Senate ; Sihis Bent, Presi'lent,
pro tern.
Midhias McGirk, J^hn D. Cook, and John R. Jones were appointed
Supreme Judges, each to hold office un.til si.Kty-tive years of a^-e.
Joshua Barton was appointed Secretary of State ; Peter Didier,
State Treasurer; fvlward Bate^, Attorney-General, and 'William
Christie, Auditor of Public Accounts.
38
niSTo;:v of missouui.
David Barton and Thomiis il. Benton were elected by the General
Assembly to the United States Senate.
At this session of the Legislature t!ie counties of Boone, Callaway,
Chariton, Cole, Gasconade, Li'lard, Perry, Bulls, Eay and Saline
were organized.
We should like to give in details the meetings and proceedings of
the difl'erent Legislatures which followed ; the elections for Govern-
or's and other State olScers ; the elections for Congressmen aod United
States Senators, but for want of space. \re can only present in a cun-
densed form the ofiicial record of the Territorial a'.ul State ofiicers.
OFFICIAIv RECORD — TKr.ijrOHIAL OfFlCEUS.
Goicrnors.
Prederick Bates, Secretary and William Clark lSlo-:20
Acting-Governor .... 1S12-13
18:;i-
Goccrnors.
Alexander MoXair . . .
Frederick Bates ....
Abr-.hr.Tn J. AVillian^.;, vice
Bates 1S25
.John Miller, vice Bates . . . 1S-26-2S
JohnAIiller 1S2S-32
Daiiiel Dunklin, (1S32-3G) re-
signed; app.iin'ed Surveyor
General of tbe I'. S. Lilburn
W. Boi,'g3, vice Dunklin . . 1836
Lilburn ^V. Boggs 18ot>-10
Thomas Reynolds (died ISi 1), . 1S10-J4
M. il. Marrnaduke vice Key-
nolds — Tohn C. Edwards . 1844-48
Austin A. King . . . . lSlS-52
Sterling Price 18G2-n6
Tru=ten Polk (resigned) . . . ISJG-oT
Hancock Jackson, vice Polk . 1857
Robert il. Stewart, vice Polk . ISiT-OO
C F. Jackson (ISoO), office va-
cated by ordinal ce ; Hamil-
ton li. Gamble, vice .Jackson ;
Gov. Gamble died 1S64.
Willard P. Hall, vice Gamble. 1SC4
Thomas C. Fletcher .... 1S64-63
Joseph W. :McClurg .... lSi;S-70
B. Grat,'. Brown 1870-72
Silas Woodson 1n7-;-74
Charles H. Hardin 1874-76
John S. Phelps 1S76-S0
Thomas T. Crittenden (now
Govern'jrJ ISSO
OFFICERS OF STATE QOVtRN'MEXT.
I Licutfnnnt-G
Willi;, m H. A--liloi
Benjamin H. Bcevc
Daniel Dunklin . .
Lilburn \V. Boi;gs .
Franklin Cannon .
M. M. llarmiiduke.
James Young . .
Thomas L llice. .
Wilson Br.>v.-n , .
Hancock Jackson .
Thomas C. Bevnolds
Willard P. Hall .
George Smith . .
Edwin O. Sianard
Joseph J. Gravelly.
Charles P. Johnson
Norman J. Coleman
Henry C. Brockmeyer . .
Kobert A. Campbell (presen
incumbent)
Secretaries of Sta(e.
Joshua r.art.jn
William G. l\ttis ....
Hamilton R. Gamble . . .
Spencer Pettis
P. H. :\IcBriJe
John C. Edwards (term expired
1835, reappointed ISj
signed 1837) ....
Peter G. Glover. . . .
James L. Minor. . . .
I8-:n-24
1824-23
I8::?-;32
1832-:3S
1836^0
1840-14
1&44-4S
1843--52
18.-,2-5.5
lSo")-o6
1.^60-61
18'U-f,4
l-t;4-63
18.^,8-70
1.57i>-72
r-72-74
1S74-76
1870-80
IbSO
IS2i>-21
1821-24
1^24-26
182''.-23
1829-30
1330-37
1807-39
HT«TOi:v or Missouni.
39
O'i'irEr.s r.K
P. n. Martin
Epliraim B. Ewinj; . . ..
John 51. Uidiar.liou ....
Beiii:imiii F. Massey (re-elc-ted
ISGG, foi fcar yea;.-.). . . .
Mo.-Jeoai Oliver
Francis Eodruan (re-clectfd ISS
for two yesrs)
Eugene i'. 'SVcigol, (re-eleclod
1 872, for two .y earj) . . . .
Miclmel 1\. McGrath (pre,-ent
incumlerit)
State Trsasui-ers.
Peter Di'3ii>r
Nathaniel Piniondi ....
James Earickson
John Walker
Abraham McClell.^n ....
Petev G. Glover
A. W. Morrison
George 0. Bin£;bam ....
Willi!>.in Bishop
T\"illiam Q. D;aimc;v-r . . .
Samuel Hays
H.irvey W. Salmon ....
Joseph "\V. Mercer
Elijah. Gat.s
Phillip E. Chappell (p-e;ent in-
cumbent}
Aiiom-tj-GereraU.
I.S72-74
1S74-76
IS76-60
ISSO
Edward Bates
Kufus Easton
Robt. ^X. Wells . . .
"Willirim B. Naplon . .
S. :M. Bay
B. F. Stringfellow . . .
William A, Hobards , .
James 6. G.irdenhire . .
Ephraim W. Eving . .
James P. Knott ....
Aikman Welch ....
Thomas T. Crittenden .
Robert F. Wingate . . .
Horace P. Johnson. . .
A. J. Baker
ITenry Clay Ewinj . . .
John A. Hockaday . . .
Jackson L. Smith . . .
D. H. Mclntire (present in-
cumbant) .....
l'^20-21
1.S21-2';
IS26-3I5
lS:iG-39
1.539-4.5
1R4.5-49
1^19-51
l^.'>6-59
lS.i9-61
I'iOI-e-l
lSr,4
l.S'U-C8
l«i;.S-70
l'^70-72
l>72-74
l'~71-76
137-;-80
.-^ ! .VTE GOV
l?4.5-49
1 *49-52
li.jj-o')
l.'.5!j-C.O
1801-1)4
1S04-6S
1870-72
1S74
1S20-21
1821-28
1829-33
l.?:13-3S
lr2.?-l-0
1S43-.51
lM;2-f,4
lsri4-;.S
JCR.vMzxr— Cmfin'ied.
Auditors of PiiblU Acr.ounts.
V.'ilHam Christie 1S20-
1-80
'W'Uliam V. liector . .
Klias Barcroft ....
Henry Shuilds ....
rei.srG. Glover. . . .
Hir;im H. Baber . . .
Wir.iam ^Monroe . . .
■T. v.. McDernion . . .
Ge..rj;c-W. Miller . . .
VrUson Brown ....
Wiiii.im H. Butliugtou .
William S. iloseley . .
WiTizo Thompson . . .
Daniel M. Draper . . .
George B. Clark . . .
Thocias Hollad.ay . . .
John Walker (present ir.c
I'^^'t)
Ca>
1.S21-23
182:i-:33
]83:5-3(-
1 S3 --4-5
1 S-1.5
'54:'-43
1?1S^'3
1840-52
IS'j:;-r,0
Ibi-O-'U
lSG4-<:s
2-74
-80
1380
22-41
22-23
22-24
23-2-5
24-4.5
1''13
1-15
lSl'-|-.j2
1S40-.51
Judges of Suprc
Mattiria; McGirk . .
J<.h:i D. Cooke . . .
John K. Jones . . .
Rnfu? Pettibone. . .
Geo. 'I'limpkins . . .
Eobcvt Wash . . .
John C. Edwards . .
Wm. Scott, (appointed 1341 til!
meenng of General Assem-
bly in place of M. Giik, re-
si!;ned ; reappointed . . .
P. H. MciJriae
Wm. B. Naptim
Job.". F. Kyl.ind
John H. Birch 1849-51
Wm. Scott, John F. F.yland,
and Hamilton R. Gamble
(elected by the people, for sis
years) 1851
Gamble (resigned) 18.54
Abiel Leonard elected to fill va-
cancy of Gamble.
Wm. B. Naiiton (vacated by
failure to file oath).
Wm. Scott and John C. Rioh-
ardsin (resigned, elected Au-
g.'.st, for six years) ...
E. V: Ewing, (to fill Eichard-
s.vi's resignation) .... 18')9
Barton Bates (appointed) . . I*'i2
W. V. N. Ba) (appointed) . . 1S';2
IS.57
40
HTSTO'iY or MISSOURI.
0FFICEK3 or
Jolin D. S. Dryden (Appointed)
)jftrlon Biites
AY. V. >;. Bay (aioci.-d) . . .
John D. S. Dryd*=n (el-oted) .
-Pavid Wainer (nppoiiitod) . .
Wallace L. Lovelnca (apjioint-
ed)
Ktthaniel Hoiraes (appoiiitod)
Thomas J.C. fajjg O^opoii-.ted)
James Baker (appoini^'d) . .
D'.Md VTagner (elucte.l) . . .
Philemon Bliss
Wanen Currier
T/asliinjton Adams (appointed
to £11 Currier's place, who re-
signed)
Ephraira B. Ewing (elected) .
'Xhomas A. Sherwood (elected)
"W. B. Napton (appointed in
place of Ev.-ing, decciiaed) .
Edward A. Lewi^ (appointed,
in plnm of Ad-.'.ms, resigned)
Warwick Hoi-.gh (elected) . .
■Willi.i!.-! B. Napton (e:ected) .
John W. Henry
Robert D. Kay succeeded Wni.
B. Nr.pton in
Elijah H. Norton (appointed in
ISTC). elected
T. A. Sherwood (re-elected)
United StaUs Senators.
T. H. Benton
D. Barton
Alex. Biickner
L. F.Linn
D. K. Axchiiun
H. S. Geyer
James S. Green
T. Polk
Waldo P. Johnson .....
Eobert Wilson
B. Gratz Brown (for unexpired
term of .Johnson) . . . '.
J. B. Henderson
Charles D. Drake
Carl Schurz
D. F. Jewi tt (in place of Drake,
resigned)
P. P. Blair .......
L. V. Boiy
James Shields (elected for unex-
pired term of Bog)-) . . .
STATK aOVERVMENP — Con'
1&0'2
1803-65
lSiJ3
1 S''..3
18G.5
ISo-i
1m;5
ISGG
is.;s-70
1SC8-70
18GS-71
1871
1?72
1S72
1870
1S74
1874
lS74-.^0
187ii-8G
1880
1S7S
1882
1820-30
1820-30
lSiO-33
18:!:!-ri
181.;-".o
18-51-.J7
18.57-01
18.37-63
1801
1861
1803
1803
-09
1807
-70
18,39
-75
1870
1871
-77
1873
1879
D. H. Arm.strong appointed for
unexpired term of Bogy.
P. 11. Coekrell (re-elected 18S1)
George G. Vest
1879
Rcj)risen!cif.'.ves to Ccn^^re
«.
.Join Scott
1820-20
Kd. Bates
1820-23
Spencer Petlis
1828-31
William H. A,:>loy ....
1831-30
Jolm Bull
1832-34
Albert G. Harris, .n
1834-39
,Tohri Miller
lSoO-42
John Jameson (re-elected 18-46
for two years)
1839-44
Jolm C. Edwanis
1840-42
James M. Hughes
1812-44
James H. Itelfe
1842-10
.James B. Bowlin
1842-50
Gustavus ;M. Boner . . . •
1842-44
Sterling Price
184 t-43
William McUani.; . . . . ..
l>4.i
Leonard H. Sims
1844-40
John S. Phelps
1844-00
James S. Green (re-elided
1850, resigned)
1810-50
Willard P. Ha'.l
1840-3.3
William V. X. Bay ....
184^-01
John F. Darby ......
1850- 0.3
Gilchrist Porter
18.30-57
John G. Miller
1850-30
Alfred -VV. Laml.
1852-34
Thomas H. Bem-n
1852-54
Mordecai Oliver
1852-37
James J. Lindley
1832-50
Samuel Caruthers
1852-53
Thoinas P. Akers (to fill unex-
pired term of J. Q. Miller,
deceased)
1835
Francis P. Blair, Jr. (re-elected
1860, resigned)
18.50
Thomas li. Anderson ....
185>>-60
James Craig
1830-;0
Samuel H. Woodson ....
18.30-00
John B. Clark, Sr
1 '^37-61
J. Bichard Barrett
1800
John \V. Xoel
1-^38-03
Jam.s S. Rollins
l«00-04
Elijah H. Norton
1800-03
JohuW.Keid
1800-01
William A. Hall
18 2-04
Thomas L. Price (in place of
Reid, erpellc'l)
1W2
HI^TOKY OF JOSSOUni.
41
orFicEr.s OF statk c.<
Henry T. r,!nw 1S62-63
Bempronius T. Boyd, (elected in
1S'J2, and again in IS'IS, for
twoTerire.)
Jo-pph AV. \rcCiurs . .
Austin A. King ....
Benjamin F. Loan . . .
John G. Scott (in place of N
deceased)
John Hogan ....
Thomas F. Noel. .
John R. KcUoe ....
Eobert T. Van Horn
John F. Benjamin . . .
George W. Anderson . .
"VTilliam A. Pile . . .
C. A. Nevroomb . . .
Joseph J. Gravelly. . .
ilames K. McCormaok
John H. Stover (in place of
McClurg. resigned) . . . IS-i"
Erasios ^Veiis ""..... lS';8-82
G. A. Fink!e:iburg. . . . ISnS-Tl
Samuel S. llurJett IS'/.S-Tl
Joel P. Asper 1?';S~70
David P. Dyer lSr,S-70
H&rrison E. Havens .... l-'-TO-To
Isaac G. Parl:.;r 1870-75
James G. r.lair 1^70-72
Andrew King: lSTO-72
Edwin O. Stannrd 1872-74
William H. Stone 1S72-7S
Kobert A. Hatcher (electi .Ij . 1S72
Eichard B. Bland 1S72
Thomas T. Crittenden . . . 1872-74
Ira B.Hyde 1S72-74
John B. Clark. Jr. . . . . , 1S72-7S
John M. Glover 1872
1862-66
1S62-64
1SG2-J)9
1803
1X34-66
1S64-67
l-->-,4-66
1S61-71
1>^64-71
18tU-G9
ist>;-G8
1S">)-6S
186n-68
lbi;6-73
£^.^■ME^•T — Cotitw.ued.
Aylctt H. Backner . .
Edward C. Kerr . . .
Charles H. Morgan .
John F. Philips . . .
B. J. Pranlciin . . .
David Itea . . . . .
Rezin A. Do Bolt . .
Anthony Ittner . . .
N'atbaniel Cole . .
Robert A. Hatolier . .
R. P. Bland . . . .
A. H. Buckner . . .
J. B. Clark, Jr. . . .
T. T. Crittenden . .
B..1. Franklin . . .
John M. Glover . ,
Robert A. Hatcher .
Ch:'.s. H. Morjan
L. S. Me-calf. . . .
H. M. Pollard . .
David Rea ....
S. L. Sawyer . . .
N. F.ird ....
G, F. ll..t!iwe;i . . ,
John V, Clark, Jr. .
^V. H. Hatch . .
A. H. Buckner . .
M. L. Clardy . . .
R. G. Frost . . .
h. H. Davi= . . .
R. P. Bland . . .
J. R. Waddell . .
T. .-Vllen ....
R. Hazeltine . . .
T. M. Rice . . .
R. T. Van Horn . .
Nicholas Ford . .
J. G. Burrows . .
1-78
187
1S7
1874
1874
1874
1874
1874
1S76
1S71-,
1S7>1-7S
1876-78
1870-78
1876-78
1876-78
1876-78
1876-78
1876-78
1876-7S
1876-73
1876-79
1876-78
1878-80
1878-82
1878-Si
1^78-82
1S7S-S2
1878-82
1878-S2
1^78-82
187^-80
1880-82
l'^^0-^2
1880-82
188n-.s2
1850^^2
1880-82
Cor>-TIES — wu
Adair January 29, 1841
Andrew January 29, 1841
Atchisivi January 14, 1845
Audrain December 17, 18:j6
Barry .January 5, 1835
Barton December 12, 1835
Bates January 29, 1841
Benton January 3, 1835
Bollinger March 1, 18-51
Boone November 16, 1820
Buchanan .February 10, 1839
EN 0P.GAXIZr.t>.
Caldwell December 26. 1836
Callaway November 25, 1520
Camden January 20. 1841
Cape Girud.'.iu Oclober 1, 1'12
Carroll Januarys, 1833
Carter March 10, 18-9
Cass S-pti-Tober M, l'^::5
Cedar February 14, 1845
Chariton November 16, 1820
Christian March 8, 1?'0
Clark December 15. 1318
42
HiSTOKY OF Miysucur.
COtTNTIKS, ^rni
Butler February 27,
Clay Jaiiunry 2,
Clinton Junurtiy 1-J,
Cole Movembor 1'3,
Coopor Uocembcr 17,
Crawford _ January 23,
Dude January 20,
Dallas December 10,
Daviess Dijceniber 2D,
DeKalb February 25,
Di.-ut February 10,
Douglas October 19,
] U iklin February 14,
Franklin I'cceniber 11,
Gasconade iSoveraber 25,
Gentry FL'bruary 12,
Greene January 2,
Grundy January 2,
Harrison February 14,
Henry December 13,
Hictory February 1-1,
Holt..." F'-br-u.iry 15,
Howard Tanuary 23.
Koweli Jli.roli 2,
Iron February 17,
Jackson December 15.
Jasper January 20,
JeU'erson December 8,
Johnson _ December 13,
Knox February 14,
Laclede February 24,
Lafayette November It.,
Lawrence February 25,
Lewis Janu.ary 2,
Lincoln December 14,
Linn January 7,
Livingston Tnnuary G,
McDonald March 3,
Macon January 6,
Madison December 14,
Marios March 2,
Marion December 23,
Mercer..... February 14,
Miller Februar}- C,
Mississippi „ February 14,
Moniteau Fobruarv 14,
OUOANIZ KU — ConfiiiuQti,
1840
1S22
1833
1?20
181S
1829
1841
1S44
1S36
1815
1.S51
18-57
1S45
ISIS
1820
1841
1833
1M3
1S45
1834
IS 10
1841
ISIG
l,-'>7
1-57
l-'2.3
1841
ISIS
1831
1S45
1S49
1820
1845
1833
1818
1837
1S37
1849
1837
1818
1855
1820
1845
1837
1845
1..45
Monroe January 6, 1831
Montgomery Deoember 14, 181?
Morgan Tanuary 5, 1S33
IS'ew Madrid October 1, 1812
Xewton 1' ceniber 31, 1833
Nodaway February 14, 1845
Oregon tebruary 14, 1815
Osage January 29, 1841
Ozark January 29, 1841
Pemiscot February 19, Is'jl
I'erry November I'j, 1820
Pettis January 26, 1833
Phelps November IS, isri*
Pike December 14, 1819
Platte December 31, 18S3
Polk March 13. 18.>5
Pulaski December 15, 1818
Putnam February 28, 1815
Ealls November 16, 1820
Randolph .January 22, 1823
Kav NnvembirlS, 1^20
lieynolJs I'ebruaiT 2-5, IS-to
Ttipk-v ..January 5, 18S3
St. Charles October 1, 1812
St. Clair Ianuary29, 1841
St. Francois IV^cembcr 19, IS21
Ste. Genevieve October 1, 1812
SU Louis October 1, 1-'12
Saline November 2-5, 1820
Schuyler .February 14, 1845
Scotland January 29, 1841
Scott December 28, 1821
Shannon January 2,), 1841
Shelby .January 2, 18-35
Stoddard January 2, 1835
Stone .February 10, 1851
Sullivaa ? February IL', 1845
Tanev. January l>i, 1837
Texas February 14, 18.5
Vernon February 17, 1851
"Warren January 5, 1833
Washington August 21, 1813
Wayne December 11, 1818
Webster March 3, 1855
Worth February 8, 18ol
Wrii'ht. January 29, 1841
niSTor.Y or missouki. 43
CHAPTPJR VIIL
CIVIL WAR IN MISSOURI.
Fort Suinter fired npou — Call for 75,000 men — Gov. Jack^ou refuses to furnish a
man — tr. S. Arsenal at Libert)', Mo., seized — Procl.imation of Gov. Jackson —
G-.-ucriil Order N"o. 7 — LesisUture convenes — Camp Jackson organized — Sterling
Price a^ipointed Major-General — Frost's letter to Lyou — Lyon's letter to iio^t —
Surrender of Camp Jackson — Proclarjation of Gen. Harney — Conference between
Price and Haruey — Harney snperseded by Lyon — Second Conference — Gov. Jac't;-
son burns the bridges beliiud him — Proclamation of Gov. Jackson — Gen. Blaii
lakes possession of Jefferson City — Proclamation of Lyon — Lyon at SprlnErfield —
Slate offices declared vacant — Gen. Fremont assumes commaud^ — Proclamation of
Lieut.-Gov. Reynolds — Proclamation of Jeff . Thompson and Gov. Jackson — Beath
of Gen. Lyon — Succeeded by Sturgis — Proclamation of JlcCuUoch and Gamble —
^rarlial law declared — Second proclamation of Jeff. Thompson — President modi-
fies Fremont's order — Fremont relieved by Hunter — Proclamation of Price — Hun-
ter's Order of Assessment — Hunter declares Martial Law — Order relating to
Kc-wspapers — flalleek succeeds Hunter — Halleck's Order 81 — Similar order by
Halleck — BO'ine County Standard couilscated — Lsecutioa of prisoners at Macon
and Palmyra — Gen. Ewing's OrderNo. 11 — Gen. Kosecraus takes command — Mas-
facre at Centralia — Death of Pill Andjrson — Gen. Dodge succeeds Gen. Kose-
craus— List of Battks.
" Lastly stood war —
With visage grim, stern looks, and blackly hued,
Ah! vv-hy will kings forget that the> are men?
And men that they are brethren? Why delight
In human sacrifice? Why burst the ties
Of nature, that should knit their souls together
In one soft bond of amity and love?"
Fort Sumter was iired upon April 12, ISo'l. On April 15tli, Presi-
dent Lmcohi issued a prochimation calling for 7a, 000 men, from ihe
the militia of the several States, to suppress combinations in the South-
ern States therein named. Simultaneously therewith, the Secretary of
"NVar sent a telegram to all the governors of the States, excepting
those mentioned in the proclamation, requesting them to detail a cer-
tain inimber of militia to serve for tliree months, Missouri's quota
being four regiments.
In response to this telegram. Gov. Jackson .sent the folio .ving answer :
EXECCTIVE DEJtWRTilENT OF MISSOURI,
Jefferson City, April 17, 1861.
To the Hon. Sfmox Cameeox, Secretar-y of War, WasJdngton, D.C:
Sir: Your dispatch of the loth inst., making a call on Missouri for
44 EISTORT OF JJISSOUIU.
four regiments of men for immediate service, has been received. There
can be, I apprehend, no doubt but these men are intended to form a
part of the President's nrmy to make war upon the people of the
seceded States. Your requisition, in my judgment, is illegal, unconsti-
tulioiial, i.uJ can not bo complied v.-itli. x\ot one man ^'ril] the State of
Slissouri furnish to carry on such an unholy war.
C. F. Jackson,
Governor of Misiov.ri.
April 21, 1861. U. S. Arsenal at Liberty was seized by order of
Governor Jackson.
April 22, 18G1. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation convening
the Legislature of Missouri, on May following, in extra session, to take
into consideration the momentous issues which v\-ere presented, and
the attitude to be assumed by the State in the imperiding struggle.
On the 22nd of April, 18G1, the Adjiilant-Gcnei-al of ^iissouri issued
the following military order :
Headquauters Abjutaxt-Genekal's Office, Mo.,
Jeffehsox City, April 9.2, 18G1.
{General Orders Xo. 7.)
I. To attain a gioater degree of efficiency and perfection in organ-
ization and discipline, the Commanding Officers of the several rililitary
districts in this State, having four or more leg:i]ly organizt-d compa-
nies therein, whose armories are within fifteen miles of each other, will
assemble their respective commands at some place to be by them sever-
ally designated, on the 3rd day of ^lay, and to go into an encampment
for a period of six days, as provided by law. Captains of compiinies
not organized into battalions will ro[i.n-t the strengtli of their cerripa-
nies immeuiateh" to these headquarters, and await further (Uilers.
II. The Quartermaster-General will procure and issue to Quarter-
masters of Districts, for these eonunands not now jJi'ovidod for, all
necessary tents and camp equipage, to enable the commanding officers
thereof to carry the foregoing orders into effect.
III. The Light Battery now attached to the Southwest Battalion,
and one company of mounted riflemen, including all officers and sol-
diers belonging to the First District, will proceed forlliuith to St. Louis,
and report to Gen. D. M, Frost for duty. The remaining companies
of, said battalion will be disbanded fur the jnirposc of assisting iu the
organization of companies upon that frontier. The details in the exe-
niSTORT Ol^ MISSOURI. 43
cuHon of tlio foregoirig arc intrusted to Lieutonaiit-Coionel John S.
Boweu, comniiinding the Battalion.
IV. The slreugth, organization, and equipment of the several com-
panies in tbe District will be reported at cnice to these Headquarters,
i.\\d Diilii^t Inspectors tvIII furnish all information which may be ser-
viceable in ascertaining the condition of tlie State forces.
By order of tlie Governor.
"Warwick Hougk,
Ail jutant- General of Missouri.
May 2, isGl. The Legi^latnre convened in extra session. !Many
acts were passed, among which was one to authorize the Govenmr to
purchase or lease David Ballentiiie's foundry at Boonville, for the nian-
ntacture of arms and munitions of war ; to authorize tbe Governor to
appoint one Major-General ; to authorize the Governor, when, in his
opinio:'., the security and welfare of the State required it, to take pos-
session of tbe railroad and telegraph lines of the State ; to provide for
the organization, government, and support of the military forces ; to
borrow one million of dollars to arm and equip tbe militia of the Slate
to repel invasiim, and protect the lives and property of the people.
An act was al<o passed creating a " Military Fund," to consist of all
the money theu in tbe treasury or that might thereafter be received
from the one-tenth of one per cent, on the hundred dollars, levied by
act of November, lis57, to complete certain railroads ; also the pro-
ceeds of a tax of fifteen cents on the hundred dolLirs of the assessed
value of the taxable property of the several counties in the State, and
the proceeds of the two-mill tax, which had been theretofore appro-
priated for educational purposes.
ilay 3, ISGl. " Camp Jackson " was organized.
May 10, 1861. Sterling Price apjjointed Major-General of State
Guard.
M:.v 10, I'Stil. General Frost, commanding " Camp Jackson," ad-
dressed General N. Lyon, as follows : —
Headquartehs Camp Jackson, Missouri Militia, May 10, 18G1.
Capt. N. Lyon, Commanding U. S. Troops in and about St. Loui^
Arsenal:
Sn: : I am constantly in receipt of information that you contem-
plate an attack upon my camp, whilst I understand that you are im-
pressed with the idea that an attack upon tbe Arsenal and United
States troops is intended on the part of the Militia of Missouri. I am
46 HISTORY OF JIIPSOUHI.
gror.tlv :it a loijs lo know \vh;it cotilJ jiistifv voii in atliM'kinc: citizens
of the Uinri'il Slates, who are in lawful iK-rt'onnanco of their (luties,
clevolviiiLT upon tbeiu umlerthe Con=5titiiti(va in organiziiicr and in^^truct-
injt tlie militia of the State in obedience to her laws, and, thes'cforo.
Ivi'-n It^.mi (iicvi,i^..,l tf dniiht 1h.e eon-ectiiess of the infbnnation 1 jiavc
received.
I w'oulil be jrlnd to know from you personally whetlicr there is anv
truth in th»; siatenients that are constantly pouring into my ears. So
fiir as regards any hostility being intended toward the United States,
or its property or representatives by any portion of my conunand, or,
as far as I can learn (and I thiidc I am fully informed), of any other
part of the State forces. I can positively say that the idea has never
been cntertni'.ied. On the contrary, prior to 3'our ttikir:g command of
the Arsenru, 1 protfiTcd to Major Bell, then in command of the very
few troops constituting it? guard, the services of myself and all mv
command, and, if necessary, the whole }iower of the State, to protect
the United Slates in the full possession oi" all lier property. UjiiUi
General Harney takiiii;- command of thi > departriient, 1 made the same
proirer o*-' services to him, and authoriziMl his Adjutant-General, Ca.pt.
Williams, to communicate the fact that such had been done to the
War Department. I have had no occasion since to change any of the
views I entertained at the time, neither of my own volition nor throuuih
orders of aiy constitutional commander.
I trust that after this explicit statement that we may l.'c alilc, by
fully understanding each other, to keep far from our !)orders the mis-
fortunes which so unhappily aliect our common country.
This communication v/ill be handed you by Colonel Bowcn, my
Chief of Stall', who will bo aide to explain anything not fully set forth
in the foregoing.
I am, sir, very respcctiully your obedient servant.
Brigadier-Gicn'eral D. M. Frost,
Commanding Camp JarJcdon, M. V. M.
May 10, LSlil. Gen. Lyon sent the following to Gen. Frost:
Headquarters Uniteo States Troops,
St. Louis, Mo., May 10, 1861.
Gen. D. ^I. Frost, Coynmandlng Camp Jackson:
Siu : Your command is regarded as evidently hostile toward the
Government of the LTnited States.
It is, for the most part, made up oi those Secessionists who have
HISTORY or Missouni. 47
I '•■u\y avowed ilieir hostility to llie GiMienil Government, and h;;ve
been jjlottini:: at the seizure of its property aiid the overt Iirow of its
authority-. Yon are oponly in eomninnication with tlie so-called
Southern Coniederacv, AS-hieh is now at war with the United Slate^^,
;::.d yci; are receiving at yonr cr.nip, from the said Confederney and
imd'jr its flag, hirge supplies of the material of war, most of whieli is
kno'vvn to be the property of tlie United States. These extraordinaiy
preparations phiinh' indicate none otlan- than the well-known purpose
of the Governor of this State, under whose orders you are acting, and
v,-hose communication to the Legislature has just been responded to
by that body in the most unparalleled legislation, having in direct
view hostilities to the General Government and co-operation with its
enemies.
In view of those considerations, and of your failure to disperse in
oliedieiice to the proclamation (jf the President, and of the iiuniiiient
necessities of State policy and warfare, and the obligations imposed
ujKin me by instructions from \\'ashi'nglon, it is niy duty to deni:ind,
autl i do hereby demand of you an immediate surrender of your com-
nruid, wi'h nr other conditions than that all persons surrendering
under this command shall be humanely and kindly treated. Believing
myself prepared to enforce this demand, one-half hour's time belore
doing so will be allowed for your compliance therewith.
Very respectfiiilj-, your obedient servant,
N. Lyon,
Captain Second Infaniri/, Couimanding Troops.
]May 10, L'^iU. Cam[) Jack-on surrendered and j:irisoners all
released excepting Ctipt. Emmet ^vIcDnnald, wiio refasud to suliscribe
to the parole.
May 12, 1861. Brigadier-General Wm. S. Hai'ney issued a procla-
mation to the people of Missouri, saying " he would carefully abstain
from the exercise of any uunecessar}' powers," and only use " the
military force stationed in this district in the last resort to preserve
peace."
May 11, 1861. General Hai'ney issued a second proclamation.
IsLiy '21, 1861. General Harney held a conference with General
Sterling Price, of the Missouri Stale Guards.
May 31, 1861. General Harney superseded by General Lyon.
June 11, 1861. A second conference was held between the National
and State authorities in St. Louis, which resulted in nothin:=r.
40 KSTOUV OF MISSOURI.
Jiiiio 11, 18Gi. Gov. Jacksun left St. Louis for JelT.'i-jon City,
burning the railroad bridges beliiad him, arnl cutting telegraph wires.
•Tune If?, 1861. Governor -Jackson ijsued a proclamation calling
into active service 5i),OuO militia, "to repel invasion, protect life,
proj.city," etc.
June 15, 1861. Col. F. P. Blair took possession of the State Capi-
tal, Gov. Jackson, Gen. Price and other officers havirig left on the 13lh
of June for Boon\ ille.
June 17, 18G1. Battle of Boonvillc took place between the forces
of Gen. Lyon and Col. John .S. Marniai.uike.
June IS, 18G1. General Lyon issued a proclamation to the people
of Jlijsouri.
July 5, ISGl. Battle at Carthage between the forces of Gen. Sigel
and Gov. Jackson.
July 6, ISGl. Gen. Lyon reached Springfield.
July 22, 1861. State convention met and declared the otiices of
Governor, Lieuten:iut-Governor and Secretary of State vacatetl.
July i'6, 1861. Gen. John C. Fi-emont assumed command of the
V,'csteru Department, with headquarters in St. Louis.
July 31, 1861. Lieutenant-Governor Thomas C. Keynolds issued
a proclamation at 2se\v Madrid.
August 1, 186] . General Jeff. Thompson issued a proclamation at
Bluomtield.
August 2, 1861. Battle of Dug S[)rii)gs, between Captain Steele's
forces and General Rains.
August 5, 1S61. Governor Jackson issued a proclamation at New
Madrrd.
August :>, 1861. Battle of Athens.
August 10, 1861. Battle of \Vil^on's Creek, liutwcen the forces
under General Lyou and General McCuUoch. Li this engagement
General Lyon was killed. General Sturgis succeeded General Lyon.
.August 12, 18i>l. MeCulloch is:-ued a proclamation, and soon left
Missouri.
August 20, 1861. General Price issued a proclan^ation.
August 24, 1861. Governor Gamble issued a proclamation calling
for 32,000 men for six mouths to protect the property and lives of the
citizens of the State.
August 30, 1861. General Fremont declared martial law, and
declared that the slaves of all persons who should thereafter take an
active part with the enemies of the Government should l)e free.
HlbXuar OF MJSSOUKI. id
September ?, ISiil. General Jeff. Thoiiipsoii issued a proclamatioa
in rer^poDse to Fremont's proclamation.
September 7, l^iCl. B;utle at Drywocd Creek.
September 11, 16G1. President Lincoln modified the clnuse in Gen.
Freuioot's dcehii'ation of Uiunial law, in rel'ereiiee to the confiseution
of property ar.vl libfraiion of slaves.
Septcmlier 12, 1861. General Price begins the attack at Lexing-
ton on Colonel ^Iiillignn's force?.
September 20, I'j'ol. Colonel Mulligan with 2,Gin men surren-
dered.
October 25, ISfil. Second battle at Sp''ingtield.
October 23, ISfjl. Passage by Governor Jackson's Legislature,
at Neosho, of an oidinance of secession.
November 2, ISijl. General Fremont succeeded by General David
Hunter.
Novemlier 7, 1861. General Grant attacked Behnont.
Novem!>er 9, ISCI. General Hunter succeeded ijy General Halleck,
who took command on the l!)th of same month, with headquarters in
St. Louis.
November 27, 1861. General Price issued proclamation calling for
50,000 men, at Neosho, ?iiissouri.
December 12, 18(i]. General Hunter is-^ucd his order of assess-
ment upon certain wealthy citizens in St. Louis, for feedinir and cloth-
ing Union refugees. <
December 2-'5-2.'5. Declared martial law in St. Louis and the
country adjacent, and covering all the railroad lines
:\larch ti, 18G2. Battle at Pea Ridge between the forces under Gen-
eral Curtis and Van Doiai.
January 8, 18(52. Prov(>st Marshal Farrar, of St. Louis, issued tlie
following order in retercnce to newspapers :
Office of thk Puovost Marshal, )
Genkkal Dkpautjient of ^Missouri. ]•
St. Louis, January S, 18'o2. j
<Ge/ieral Order No. 10.)
It is hereby ordered that from and after this date the publishers of
newspapers in the State of Missouri (St. Louis City papers excepted),
furnish to this office, immediately upon publication, one copy of each
issue, for inspection. A failure to comply with this order will render
the newspa[»er liable to suppressuju.
OO H!J>TOi:y OF MISSOITKI.
LocmI I'lovost M;ivsh:ils will furnish the proprietors with copies of
this order, and attend to its inunediato erdorccineut.
Bernaiiu G. Fariiar,
Provost Marshal General.
January :?n, lSf?2. General Halleck issued order (No. IS) which
forhade, limong otliei- things, the display of Secession flags in the
hands of women or on carriages, in the vicinity of the military prison
in IMcDou-ell's College, the carriages to he confiscated and the otFend-
ing women to he arrested.
February 4, lsG2. General Halleck i-^sued another order simihir to
Order N >. IS, t;) railroad comiianies and to the professors and direct-
ors of the State Univer.slty at Coliinihia, forbidding the funds of the
institution to be used •' to teach treason or to instruct trait(.ivs."
February ?0, lSt)2. Special Order No. 120 convened a niililavy
commission, which sat in Columbia, ^darcli following, and tried P^d-
numd J. Ellis, of Columnia, editor and proprietor of " The Boor.e
(Joiiiiti/ Standard," for the publication of information for the beneiit
of the en.'mA , Mud encouraging resistance to the United States Gov-
ernment. Ellis was found guilt}', was banished during the war from
Missouri, ami his jn'inling materials contiscated and sold.
April, ]St^2. General Halleck left for Corinth, ^lississippi, leaving
General Schofield in command.
JuneT 1862. Battle at Cherry Grove between the forces under
Colonel Joseph C. Porter and Colonel H. S. Lipscomb.
June, 18(;2. Battle at Pierce's INlill between the forces under Major
John Y. Clopper and Colonel Porter.
July 2-2, 1S62. Battle at Florida.
July 2S, 1S62. Battle at Moore's Mill.
August 6, 1862. Battle near Kirksville.
August 11, 1862. Battle at Independence.
August 16, 1SG2. Battle at Lone Jack.
September 13, 1862. Battle at Newtonia.
September 25, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners were evecuted at
Macon, by oider of General Merrill.
October 18, 1862. Ten Confederate prisoners executed at Palmvra,
by order of General McNeill.
January 8, 1868. Battle at Springfield between the forces of Gen-
eral Marmaduke and General E. B. Brown.
April 26, 1863. Battle at Cape Gii-aideau.
HlSTOllY OF MISSOUKI. 51
August — , LSn.S. Gpiicral Jeff, Thompson captured at roo:ihontas,
Arkansas, with liis stafl".
August 25, 1803. Goueral Thomas Ewinij;- issued his celeiiratcd
Order No. 11, at Kansas City, Missouri, which is as follows: —
He.\dqL'Ai;tki;s District of the Border, )
IvANS.iS Crrv, Mo., August 25, I860. >
(General Order No. 11.)
First. — All persons living in Cass, Jachson and Bates Counties,
Missouri, and in that part of V<Tnon included in this district, except
those living within one mile of the limits of Independence, Hickman's
Mills, Pleasant Hill and Harrisonville, and except those in that part
of Kaw Township, Jackson County, north of Brush Creek and west
of the Big Blue, embracing Kansas City and "\Vesti)ort, are herel)}'
ordered to remove from theii' present places of residence within lifteen
days fiom the date hereof.
Those who, within that time, establish their loyalty to the satisfac-
tion of the commanding ofhcer of the military station nearest their
pre.-ent place of residence, will receive from him certificates stating
the fact of their loyalty, and the names of the witnesses by whom it
can be shown. All who I'eceirc such certificate will be pej'mitted to
remove to a'ly military station in this district, or to any part of the
State of Kansas, except the counties on the eastern borders of tlie
State. All others shall remove out of this district. Oilicers com-
manding companies and detachments serving in the counties named,
will see that this paragraph is promptly obeyed.
Second. — All grain and hay in the field, or under shelter, in the
district from which the inhabitants are rec|uired to remove within reach
of military stations, after the 9th day of September next, will be
taken to such stations and turned over to the proper otEcer there, and
report of the amount so turned over made to district headquarters,
specifying the names of all loyal owners and the amount of such
produce taken from them. All grain and hay found in such district
after the 9th d;iv of September next, not convenient to such stations,
will be destroyed.
Third. — The provisions of General Order No. 10, from these
headcjuarters, will at once be vigorously executed by ofiicers com-
manding in the parts of the district, and at the stations not subject to
the operations of paragraph First of this Order — and especially in
the towns of Independence. Westport and Kansas City.
52
bisto);y of missouki.
Fourth. — ParagT:iiia 3, Gciipnil OrJor No. 10, is rovol;cd as to all
who have hnrnc arms against tho Goveniuient iu tlie (.lislriol siuce
August :?0, lSo3.
B}' order of Brigadior-Gencral Ewing:
11. IIaxnaus, Adjidant.
October 13. Battle of Mar.sball. '
January, l^^u-i. General Ro.secrans takes eoinnjanJ of the Dcj>art-
ment.
Septeniher, 1861. Battle at Pilot Knol>, Harrison and Little Mo-
reau River.
October 5, 18G4. Battle at Priiiee's Ford and James Cordon's
farm.
October 8, 18iU. Battle at Glasgow.
October 20, lSG-4. Battle at Little Blue Creek.
September 27, 18Gi. Massacre at Centralia, by Captain Bill An-
derson.
October 27, 18G4. Captain Bill Anderson killed.
December — , l><(34r. General Kosecrans relieved and General
Dodge appointed co succeed hiu}.
Nothing occurred specially, of a military character, iu tiie State after
December, 1SG4. We liave, in the main, given the facts as tliev
occurred without cfiinneiit or entering into details. Many of the
minor incidents and skirmishes of the war have been omitted because
of our limited space.
It is utterly impo* ible, at this date, to give the names and dates of
all the battles fought in Missouri during the Civil "War. It vrill be
found, however, that the list given below, which has b>eeu a.raneed for
couvenience, contairis the [irominent liatllcs and skirmishes whieli took
place within the State : —
Potosi, May 14, ISCl.
Boonvillc, June ".7, 1-=C1.
Carthuge, July 5, ISGl.
Monroe Station, July 10, ISGl.
Overton's Run, July 17, 18(J1.
Dug Spriag, August 2, 1861.
Wilson's Creek, August 10, 18C1.
Athens, August 5, ISCl.
Moreton, August 20, ISut.
Eeuuott's Mills, September — , ISCl.
Prywood Creek, September 7, ISGl.
Norfolk, September 10, ISOl.
Lesiugton, September 12-20, ISOl.
Blue Mills L.indiiig, Septejuber 17, 1531.
Gla.-^gow Mistake, September 20, liiil.
Osceola, September 23, 1m51.
Shanghai, October 13, ISOl.
Leb<inon, October 13, 1801.
Linn Creek, October IG, ISGl.
Big River Bridge, October 15, 1?01.
Fredericktowu, October 21, Iciil.
Springfield, October 25, ISGl.
Belmont, November 7, 1861.
Piketon, November 8, ISGl.
Little Blue, November 10, ISGl.
Clark's Station, November U, ISCl.
HisTora' or .Missouri.
53
Mt. Ziou Chii/ch, Dtconiboi- 23, ISiJl.
Silrer Creek, Jauuary 15, ISOi!.
New Madrid, Fobriiavy 2S, lt-G2.
Pea Ridiie, Mavch i), l^.Ji.
Neosho, April 2'2, IS'J:!.
Ro=e Hil), Jniy 10. iMii.
Chariton Kiver, July 30, lSo2.
C.ierry Grove, Jane — , 1SC2.
Pierce's :Mi!l, June — , 1S62.
Florida, July 52, ie62.
Moore's Mill, July 2S, 1862.
KirksvUle, AuLjust 6, 1S02.
Comiitou's Ferry, August 8, 1S62.
Yellow Creek, A'.i-nM, 13, 1862.
Independence, August 11, 1662.
Loue J.ick, Aiiijnst 16, 1?G2.
Newionia, September 13, isi;2.
Spriiigileld, January 8, ltf63.
Cape Giriirdean, April 2S), ISCS.
Miirs-hall, October 13, 1SG3.
Pilot Knob, September — , ISJi.
Harrison, September — , lSf4.
Monau River, October 7, 1804.
Prince's Ford, October 5, 1SG4-.
Ghisgow, October 8, 1SC4.
Little Blue Creek, October 20, 18G4.
Albany, October 27, 18G1.
Xear Eoelieiiort, September 23, 1804.
Centralia, September 27, 18C4.
CHAPTEIi IX.
EARLY .MlLlTAliY EECOnD.
Black Hawk War — Mormon DiUicult
■ Florida War— Mexican War.
On the fourtoenia d:iv of Muy, 1832, a ])loody engagement took
place bet'.vcen the vcgulai' forces of the United States, and a juirt of
the Sacs. Foxes, and Wiunebiigo Indians, commanded by Bhicli
Hawk and Keokuk, near Dixon's Ferry in Illinois.
The Governor (John Miller) of Missouri, fenring these savages
would invade the soil of his State, ordered Major-General Eic-hard
Get'try to raise one thousand volunteers for the defence of the fron-
tier. Five companies were at once raised in Boone count}-, and in
Callaway, Montgomery, St. Charles, Lincoln, Pike, Clarion, Kails,
Clay and ]Monroe other companies were raised.
Two of these companies, comi^ianded respectively by Captain John
Jamison of Callaway, and Captain David M. Hickman of Boone
county, were mustered into service in Jnly for thirty da}s, and put
under command of Major Thomas W. Conyers.
This detachment, accompanied by General Gentry, arrived at Foil
Pike on the l.^th of July, 1832. Finding tliat the Indians had not
crossed the Mississippi into ^Missouri, General Gentry returned to
Columbia, leaving the fort in charge of Major Conyers. Tliirty davs
having expired, the command under Major Conyers was relieved ly two
5-1 HISTORY OF MISSOUKI.
other companios under Captuios Sinclair Kirtlcy, of Boone, unci Patrick
Ewing, of Callaway. This detachment was marched to ForL Pike by
Col. Austin A. King, who conducted the two companies undei- Major
Conjers home. Major Conyers was left in charge of the fort, where
he rooTiined till September following, at which time the Indian troub-
les, so far as Missouri was concerned, having all subsided, the frontier
forces were mustered out of service.
Black Ilav.-k continued the war in Iowa and Illinois, and was tln^iUy
defeated and captured in 1833.
MORMON DIFFICULTIES.
In 1832, Joseph Smith, the leader of the Mormons, and the chosen
prophet and apostle, as he claimed, of the Most High, came with
many followers to Jackson county, Missouri, where they located and
entered several thousand acres of land.
The object of his coming so far West — upon the very outskirts of
civilization at that time — was to more securely establish his church,
and the more etlectively to instruct his followers in its peculiar tenets
and pnctice?.
Upon the present town site of Independence the Mormons located
their " Zion," and gave it the name of "The New Jerusalem."
They published here the Evening Star, and made themselves gener-
al'y obniixious to the Gentiles, who were then in a minority, by their
denunciatory articles through their paper, their claniiishness and their
polygamous practices.
Dreading the demoralizing influence of a paper which seemed to be
inspired only with hatred and malice toward them, the Gentiles
threw the press, tuid type into the Missouri Liver, tarred and feathered
one of their bishops, and otherwise gave the Mormons and their lead-
ers to understand that they nmst conduct themselves in an entirely
ditl'erent manner if they wished to be let alone.
After the destruction of their paper and press, they became fu-
riously incensed, and sought many opportunities for retaliation. Mat-
ters continued in au uncertain condition until the 31st of October,
1833, wheu a deadly conflict occurred near Westport, in which two
Gentiles and one Mormon were killed.
On the 2d of October following the Mormons were overpowered,
and compelled to lay down their arms and agree to leave the county
with their families by January 1st on the condition that the owner
would be paid for his printing press.
Hl^TOKV or MIs,<0.."EI. CO
L^sviair Jackson coukit, laov crossed the M-ssouii and Icvated in
CUv, Carroii, Caluwell aad other coualies, lUid selected in Caldvsrell
couaty a towu siie, vrhioh they called ••For Wesi,"' and where tiev
entered more land for their fuiure homes.
T'-'*"vcrJ Ti'.-? in?:*:eMoe .">t thejr rai*5ior:ar;e~. ^"ho were ex^rr'nij
them^elve* ia the East and in dliereiu portioas of Europe, c.iiverts
had conataullv fiooKed to their it.*i:Jard, aiid •* Far West," and oUier
Moraioa setilcinents, nipidly pi-ospered.
Ill 1S37 they couinieacvvi the ereouon oi a ui:ijai6oent temple, bat
never cnisaed it. As their settieir.ents iacre;ised in uuml>ei-s, tiiev
beo:*u2e lK»!'Jer in iheir praetieei and deeds of lawlessness.
During the su'.anier of ISoS two of their leaders settled in the town
of Do Witt, on the >Essouri River, haviu^r pM^-^.-je.^ jKg l^nj from
an Illinois merchant. De AYlti vras in CarrvU eouuty, and a sood
point from ^vhieh !-> forward goods ai:d uiini"gi-a2ts to rhc::- :d^.-;:
Far West.
Upon its bei'ig :'sceria'MeJ that these p.iriies v-ere ^^loniion ie...ier^,
lue GeiuIIes caiied a pal>iic meeting, which ■eras addressed bv some of
tl e prv>;u:aei;t citlzei:s of the county. Nothing, however, was dona as
this meeting, bur at a snbseoaeut ajeeiiug, which w;\s heid a few davs
afterwAfd, a committee of citizens wi;s appointed to uoufv lVL Hia-
kle (oae of the Mormon leaders at De AMtt), what ihev intended to
do.
Col. Hlukle upt^u l»eiug not;ae\l by tb-s committee bec;inie indiir-
naiu, and threatened oxtermiaatiou to ail who should attempt to moltst
him or the S:unts.
la anticipation of trouble, and believing that the Gentiles would
attanipt to force thorn from De Witt. Monuou recruits docked to the
town from every direction, ;Uid pitched their t>euts in and around tha
town in great numbei-s.
The Gentiles, nothing daunted, planned an attack upon this en-
campinent, to take place ou the :?lst day of September, 1^3:*. and.
accordingly, one hundred and hfty men bivouacked near the town ou
that day. A condicr ensue^i. but nothing serious occurred.
The Mormons evacuated their works and ded to some lo^ houses,
where they could the more su;.vessful!y resist the Gentiles, who had
in the meantime returned to their csimp to awuic reiuforv-vuients.
Troops from Saii::e, R:ky and other countscs came to their assist-
ance, and increased their Dunil>er to live hundred men.
Congiwe Jackson was chosen Brigadier- General; Ebeneze*- Price,
56 nisTOKr oi' missouki.
Colonel ; Sinirlcton Vaugh:ui, Lioult-iuiut-Culonel, nnd Siiri^hel Woo^ls,
Major. After some days of discipline, this brigade prepan-d for an
assault, but before ihc allack was coraiiieuced Judge James E:'.ricksoii
and Williaia F. Duiiuica, iiiUuential citizens of Howard coTinty, asked
permission of General Jack-ion to let them try and adjust the difEeui-
tics without any bloodshed.
It wa-i finally agreed that Judge Earickson should propose to the
Mormons, that if they WLUild pay for all the cattle they had killed be-
longing to the citizens, and load their wagons during the night and be
ready to nio\e by ten o'clock next inoining, and make no fnrtlier
attempt to settle in Carroll county, the citizens would purchase at
first cost their lots in De ^Vitt and one or two adjoining tracts of
land.
Col. Ilinkle, the leader of the Mormon?, at first refused all atteinpts
to settle tlie ditllculties in this way, but finally agreed to the proposi-
tion.
lu accordance therewith, tlte Mormons without further delay,
loaded up their wagons for tlic town of Far West, in Caldwell county.
Whether the terms of the agreement were ever carried out, on the
part of the citizens, is not known.
The Mormons had doubtless suftered much and in many ways — the
result of their own acts — but their trials and suflerings were not at
an cud.
In 1838 the discord between the citizens and Mormons became so
great that Governor Boggs issued a proclamation ordering Major-
General David K. Atchison to call the militia of his division to enforce
the laws. He called out :i part of the first brigade of the Missouri
State :Mil!tia, under command of (timi. A. W. Donii)l!an, who pro-
ceeded to the seat of war. Gen. John L. Clark, of Howard cour.ty,
was placed in command of the militia.
The Mormon forces numbered about 1,000 men, and were led by
G. W. Hini.le. Tic first engagement occurred at Crooked river,
where one ilormon was killed. The principal fight took place at
Haughn's Mills, wliere eighteen Mormons were killed and the balance
captured, some of them being killed after they had surrendered.
Only one militiannm was wounded.
In the mouth of October, 1838, Joe Smith surremlered the town of
Far AYest to Geri. Doniphan, agreeing to his conditions.' viz. : Tii;it
they should deliver up their arms, surremler their prominent lead-n-s
for trial, and the remainder of the Mormons should, with tijeir
HiSTouv OF Missorni.
57
fMiriilios, ]e;ive the S!::i!(>. Indictments '.verc found :ig;i'ui>t p. mimluT
of the.^e IcaJers, including Joe Sniitii, v\ho, wliile lieing luken to
Boone county for tri:d, maAo hi? escape, and was aftcrwuvd, in 1844,
killed at Caftiiagc, llliiioi^, with his brother Hiram.
FLOTUDA WAH.
In Septcndicr, 1837, tlio Seci-etarj' of War i^^iiod a. requisition on
Governor Bogs?, of Mis.^onri, for six hnndri'd vulunteers fur servi -e
in Fhjrida against the Scuiiiude Indians, with whom the Creek nation
had made conunon cause nni_!er Osceola.
The lirst regiment was chieflj' raised in Boone county by Colonel
Eichard Gontr}', of which he was elected Colonel; John W. Price, of
Howard county, Lieutenant-Colonel; Harrison 11. Hughes, also of
Howard, Major. Four companies of the second regiment were raided
and attached to the first. Two of these companies w^ere coir.posed of
De]aw;\re and Osage Indirais.
October C, 1S37, Col. Gentry's regiment left Columbia foi- the seat
of war, stopping (ui the way at Jefferson barracks, where they were
miistorcd into service.
Arriving at Jackson barracks. New Orleans, they Avcre froin thence
transported in brigs across the Gulf to Tampa Bay, Florida. Gen-
eral Z:ichaiV Taylor, who then comuianded in Florida, onlored Col.
Genlrv to march to Okee-cho-bee Lake, one hundred Mul thirty-tive
miles inland by the route traveled. Having reached the Ki->emmee
river, se\ cut V miles distant, a bloody battle ensued, in which Col,
Gentry was killed. The Mi>sourians, though losing their gallant
leader, continued the tight until the Indians were totally routed, leav-
ing man\- of their dead and wi'Ur.ded on the tleld. There being no
fui'ther service required of the !Missourians, they returned to their
homes in ISoS.
JIKXICAK WAR.
Soon after Mexico declared w-ar, against the United States, on the
Sth and 9th of May, IS-IG, the battles of Palo Alto and Pc<aca do la
Palma were fought. Great excitement prevailed throughout the
country. In none of her sister States, howevei', did the tires ot
patriotism burn more intensely than in Missouri. Not waitingfor the
call for vidunteers, the " St. Louis Legion " hastened to the field of
contlict. The " Legion" was commanded l)y Colonel A. Ti. Faston.
Durinir the month of Mav, 184ti, Governor Edwards, of Missouri,
68 niMoi;Y of Missuuni.
called for volunteers to join the "Army of the YVe?t," an expedition
to Santc Fo — under comuiiiid of Gi^uliuI Stephen W. Keaniey
Fort Leuvemvorth was the appointed rendezvous for tlie volunteers.
By the I6th of Juno, ihe full complement of companies to compose
the first regiment had arrived from J;;ckson, Lafayette, Clay, Sa-
line, Franklin, Cole, Howard and Callaway counties. Of this regi-
ment, A. W. Doniphan was made Colonel ; C. F. Ruff, Lieutenant-
Colonel, and \Vm. Gilpir^ Major. The battalion of light artillery
from St. Louis was commiimled hy Captains E.. A. Weightman and
A. W. Fischer, with Major M. L. Clark as Held ofilcer ; battalions of
infantry from Phitte and Cole counties commanded by Captains
Murphy and V,\ Z. Anguey respectively, and the " Laclede Eangers,"
from St. Louis, by Captain Thomas B. Hudson, aggregating all told,
from Missouri, 1,G5S men. In the summer of 1846 Hon. Sterling
Price resigned his seat in Congress and raised one mounted regiment,
one mounted extra battalion, and one extra battalion of Jtlormon in-
fantry to reict'orco the "Army of tlic West." Mr. Piice was ni; de
Colonel, and D. D. Mitchell Lieutenant-Colonel.
In August, 1847, Governor Edwards made anotiier requisition for
one thousand men, to consist of infantry. The regiment was raised
at once. John Dougherty, of Clay county, was chosen Colonel, but
before the regiment marched the President countermanded the order.
A company of mounted volunteers was raised in Ralls county, com-
manded by Captain Wm. T. Lafland. Con>pieuous among the en-
gasrements in which the Missouri volunteers participated in ^lexico
were the battles of Bracito, Sacramento, Canada, El Embudo, Taos
and Santa Cruz de Rosalcs. The forces from Missouri were mustered
out in \^i6, and will ever be remembered in the hi.^toiy of tlie Mexi-
can war, for
"A thousand glorious actions that mi^ht claim
Triumphaul laureU and immortal lame.
HISTOET OF JIl&SOURI. Ot.'
CIIAPTEK X.
/GKICULTITEE A>,D MATEKIAT. WEALTH.
Missouri as an AL^ricuUural State — The Diiferent Crops — Livestock — HnrsL'S —
Mules — Milnh Cows — Oxoti and other Cattle — Sheep — Hoss — Compiirisous —
Missouri adapted to Live Stock — Cotton — Broom-Corn and other Products —
Fruits — Berries— Grape's — F.aih-o.Tils —First Ne;j:h of the "Iron Hor-^e " in Jtis-
soTiri — Narues of Kaijroads — Manafaotnres — Great Bridge at St. Louis.
Agriculture is the greatest among all the arts of man. as it is the
first in supplying his necessities. It favvors and strengthens popuUv-
tion ; it creates and maintain? mauulaetures ; gives employment to
navigation and furnishes materials to commerce. It animates every
species of industry, and opeiis to nations the safest channels of
wealth. It is the strongest bond of well regulated society, t!ie surest
basis of internal peace, and the natural associate of correct morals.
Among all th^ occupations and professions of life, there is none more
honorable, none more independent, and none more conducive to health
and happiness.
" Tn ancient times the sacred plow employ'd
The kings, and awful fathers of mankind;
And some, with vrhora compared your insect tribes
Are but the liein^s of a summer's day.
Have held the scale of empire, rul*.! the storm
Of mighty war with unwearied hand,
Disdaining little delicacies, seized
The plow and greatly independent lived."
As an agricultural regitm, "Missouri is not surpassed by any St-de in
the Union. It is indeed the farmer's kingdom, where he always reaps
an abundant harvest. The soil, in many portions of the Slate, has
an open, flexible structure, quickly absorljs the most excessive rains,
and retains moisture with great tenacity. This being the case, it is
not so easily allocted by drouth. The prairies are covered with sweet,
luxuriant grass, equally good for grazing and hay ; grass not sur-
passed by the Kentucky blue grass — the best of cUn'er and timothy
hi growing and fattening cattle. This grass is now as full of life-giv-
ing nutriment as it was wdien cropped by the bntfalo, the elk, the an-
telope, and the deer, and costs the hcrdsmati nothing.
60 IIISTOllY OF MtSSOURT.
No State or territory has a more complete and rapid system of nat-
ural drainage, or a more al)und;int .supply of puie, fresh water than
Missouri. Both man and beast may slake their thirst from a thousand
perennial fountains, which gush in limpid streams from the hill-sides,
and trend their way through verdant valleys and along smiling prai-
ries, varying in size, as the_v onward How, from the diminutive brooklet
to the siant river.
Here, nature has generously bestowed her attractions of climate,
soil and scenery to please and gratify man while earning his broad in
the sweat of his brow. Being thus munificently endowed, ^Missouri
offers superior inducements to the farmer, and bids him enter her
broad domain and avail himself of her varied resources.
We present here a table showing the product of each principal crop
in Missouri for 1878 : —
Iiiduiii Corn , 03,002,000 hu.h'U.
•"WliPat 20,19'1,000 "
Eye 732.000 "
0at5 19,581,000 "
BucU-nheat 4ri,4iX) •'
Potatoes 5,415,000
Tobacco 23,023,000 pouniU.
Hay 1,620,000 tons.
There were 3, -552, 000 acres in corn; wheat, l,83ii,000 ; rye,
48,800; o;its, G40,000 ; buckwheat, 2,900; potatoes, 72,_'o() ; 'to-
bacco, 29,900; hay, 850,000. Value of each crop; corn, $24,19G,-
224; wheat, $13,531,320; rye, $300,120; oats, §3,325,120; buck-
wheat, S24,12S ; potatoes, $2,057,700; tobacco, $1,151,150; hay,
$10,416,600.
Average cash value of crops per acre, $7.69 : average yield of coi-n
per acre, 26 bushels; wheat, 11 bushels.
Ne.Kt in importance to the corn crop in value is live stock. The fol-
lowing table shows the number of horses, mules, and milch cows in
the difi'erent States for 1879 : —
HI.STOKl' OF iUStiOUUI.
Oi
States.
norfe3.
Mules.
SiO.il
Cows.
Jiuu.e
81,700
Il,f00
14,400
24,000
4,000
11,300
E0,000
71,000
51,500
07.200
11,000
111,700
]0O,iX)0
80,700
180,200
SO, 300
9y,7iXI
2,400
117,S00
20,700
4,-.0O
01,200
138,000
S.700
7,000
43,400
101,000
50,000
13,':00
25,700
3,500
25,700
100,100
! 57,100
9^.100
1 77 400
217,.sno
iljiasachusetts
Khode IsUti.d
, 1 ISlioiiO
j 10.200
. 53 .=00
]0'1.;00
22,000
116,.^00
1 g';>s 9'")0
1,440,200
New JeriCT
114,500
152,2110
014, .'I'O
S2S,400
1(| 100
23,200
Maryland
, lO-.tiOO
1 2o^,';('0
100,50.1
23.; 200
1 144,2110
•'':•■' :-:f:ii
..~ 50, ''.I'M
131,300
Il?,2ii0
273, MO
riorida
! 22,4u0
1 112 Silii
70.000
215,200
1 97,"'iO
ISsOOO
Louisiana
Texas
! 70,300
1 61.S,O00
11.1,9i>0
54 4,. 500
Arkaiua'
! 180.500
1 323,700
]?7,7O0
2f"i,V00
WestVii-^inia
122 200
130,500
Kentucky-
! f v. , ofi,-,
257,-'00
Oliio
' 'I'i" "li'"'
714,100
Michi;^.-iri
; 333,f^^O
ee^'.soo
4ii;,900
439,2011
1 1,100,000
702,400
i ,3s4,-!00
477,300
1 247,300
27S.9O0
1 770,700
076.200
1 627,300
516.200
275 000
321,900
! 157,200
127,000
1 273,0<:0
4v.5,t-00
100.700
112,4.-.0
Nevada, Colorado, and Territorin^ i 250.000
420,'-.00
It will be seen from the above table, that Mi.sstiiui is the fifth State
iu the number of hor.^es ; fifth in number of iiiilch cow.s, aud the
Icadlug State in number of mules, ha,ving 11,700 more than Texas,
which produces the next largest number. Of oxen and other cattle,
Missouri produced in 1.S79, 1,632,000, which was more than any titlnir
State produced excepting Texas, which had 4,800,00. In 187!) Mis-
souri raised 2,817,1)00 hogs, which was more than any other State
produced, excepting Iowa. The number of sheep was 1,29(3,400.
The number of hogs packed in 1879, by the ditfereut Slates, is as
follows : —
States.
No.
States.
Ko.
Ohio
932,878
022,321
3,211,t<96
569,703
iItSSOUP.I.„
905.639
472,103
Kentucky...
2i2,4r::
62
ElSTOJiY OF MISSOUKI.
ATEKAGK WEIGHT PER HK.\D KOR EACn STJTE.
Sta'ea
Pounds.
j
i
Stntoa.
Pouuda.
Ohio
210.47
19:. «0
225.71
211.'JS
211.S2
Ir,fli«nn ...
220.81
Illinois ...
210.11
L.ua
From the above it will be seen that Missouri anmially packs more
hogs lh:in any other State e.vceptiiig Illinois, and that she ranks third
in the average weight.
We see no reason why Missouri should not be the foremost >tock-
raisiiig State of the Union. In addition to the enormous yield of
corn and oats upon which the stock is largely dependent, the climate
is well adapted to their growth and health. "Water is not only ine.v-
haustible, but everywhere convenient. The ranges of stock are
boundless, aiiording for nine months of the year, excellent pasturage
of nutritious w^ild glasses, which grow io great luxurianOL' upon the
thousand prairies.
Cotton is grown successfully in many counties of the southeastern
portions of the State, especially in Stoddard, Scott, Pemiscot, Butler,
New Madrid, Lawrence and Mississippi.
Sweet potatoes are produced in abundance and are not only sure
but profitable.
Broom corn, sorghum, castor beans, white beans, peas, hops, thrive
well, and all kinds of garden vegetables, are produced in great abun-
dance and are found in the markets during all seasons of the year.
Fruits of every variety, including the apple, pear, peach, cherries,
apricots and nectaiines, are cultivated with great success, as arc also,
the strawberry, gooseberry, currant, raspberry and blackberry.
The grape has not been produced with that success that was at first
anticipated, yet the yield of wine for the year 1879, was nearly half a
million gallons. Grapes do well in Kansas, and we see no reason
why they should not be as surely and profitably gi-own in a similar
climate and soil in Missouri, and particularly in many of the counties
north and east of the Missouri River.
RAIT.RO.'VDS.
Twenty-nine years ago, the neigh of the " iron horse " was heard
for the first time, within the broad domain of Missouri. His coming
presaged the dawn of a brighter and grander era in the history of the
HISTORY OF MISSOURI. C3
State. Her feitilo prairius, and more jirolitic vulle'\'S M-or,ld ,->oon be
of easy access to the oncoming tide of immigration, and tlie ores and
minerals of licr hills and mountains would be developed, and utilised
in her manufactnring and indnstri.al enter[3rises.
Additional facilities would be opened to the marts of trade and
comr.ierce ; trans[^ortation from tiie inferior of the State would be se-
cuicd : afresh impetus would bo given to the growth of her town^
and cities, and new ho[)cs and inspirations would be imiiartLnl to all
her people.
Since 1852, the initial period of railroad building in Missouri, be-
tween four and five thousand uiih^s of track have been laid; addi-
tional roads are now being constructed, and many others in contem-
plation. The State is already well sujiplied with railroads -which
thread her surface in all directions, bringing her remotest district,^
into close connection wltli St. Louis, that great cer.ter of western
railroads and inland commerce. Tiiese roads have a cajjital stock ao-.
gregating more than one humlred millions of dollars, and a funded
debt of about the same amount.
The lines of roads which are operated in the Slate are the foliow-
iug: —
Missouri Pacific — chartered IMay 10th, 1850; The St. Louis, Iron
Mountain & Southern Railroad, which is a consolidation of the Arkan-
sas Branch; The Cairo. Arkansas & Texas Railroad; The Cairo &
Fulton Railroad; Tiie Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific Railway; St.
Louis & San Francisco Railway; The Chicago, Alton tt St. Louis
Railroad ; The Hannibal & St. Joseph Railroad : The Missouri, Kan-
sas & Texas Railroad ; The Kansas City, St. Joseph & Council Bluffs
Railroad; The Keokuk & Kansas City Railway Company; The St.
Louis, Salem & Little Rock Railroad Company; The ^lissouri ilt
Western ; The St. Louis, Keokuk & Northwestern Railroad ; The St.
Louis, Hannibal & Keokuk Railroad ; Tiie Missouri, Iowa & Nebraska
Railway ; The Quincy, Missouri & Pacific Railroad ; The Chica^-o,
Rock Island & Pacific Railway ; The Burlington & Southwestern
Railroad.
MANUF.4CTURES.
The natural resources of ^Missouri especially lit her for a srreat man-
ufacturing State. She is rich in soil ; rich in all the elements which
supply the furnace, the machiue shop and the planing mill ; rich in
the multitude and variety of her gigantic forests ; rich in her marble,
6tone and granite quarries ; rich in her mines of iriui, coal, lead and
64 niSTOKY Of MlSbOLRI.
zinc; rich in strong arms anil billing hands to appl^y tiic force ; rich
iu water power and river navigation ; and rich in her numerous and
well-!jui!t raih'oads, whose mimberlcss engines thunder alousj tiieir
multiplied track-ways.
Missouri contains over Iburtcen thousand maiiufacturin<j estahlish-
ments, 1,9G5 of wliich arc using steam and give empUivment to
80,000 hands. The capital employed is aI)out $100,000,000, the
material annually used and -worked up, amounts to over $150,000,-
000, and the value of the products put upon the markets $250,000,000,
while the wages paid are more than $40,000,000.
The loading niauuf'act'iriug counties of the State, are St. Loui~,
Jackson, Buchanan, St. Charles, M;irion, Franklin, Greene, Lafay- .
ettc, Platte, Ca]3c Girardeau, and Koone. Three-fourths, however, of
the manufacturing is done in St. Louis, which is now about the second
manufacturing city iu the Uniiui. Flouring mills [sroduee .lonually
about i!oj;,l'i4,000 : carpentering $1S,7G3, 000 ; meat-packing $16,-
709,000 ; tobacco $l->,4'.)(5,00O ; iron ami castings $12,000,000 ; licpiors
$11,24:1,000; clothing $10,022,000; lumber $8,052,000; bae-^Mnir
and bags $0,014,000, and many otiier smaller industries in proj)or-
tiou.
GUEAT BRIDGE AT ST. LOUIS.
Of the many public improvements which do honor to the Stale and
rtlicct great credit upon the genius of their [)roiectors, we have space
only, to mention the great bridge at St. Louis.
This truly wonderful construction is liuilt of tubular steel, total
length of which, with its approaches, is 0,277 feet, at a cost of uearlv
$6,000,000. The bridge spans the Missis-ippi from the Illinois to
the ]Mi-=ouri shore, and has se[)arate r:iilroad tracks, roadwa\s, and
foot paths. L) durability, architectural beauty and [)raetical utility
there is, perhaps, no similar piece of work manshipi that approximates
it.
Tiie structure of Darius upon the Bosphorus ; of Xerxes ufiou the
Hellesjjont ; of Ciesar upon the Khine ; and Trajan mion the Danube,
famous in ancient history, were built for military purposes, that over
them might pass invading armies with their munitions of war, to de-
stroy C(numerce, to lay in waste the provinces, and to slauirhter the
people.
But the erection of this was for a higlier and nobler purpose. Over
it are coming the trade and merchandise of the o[)uleut P^ast. p.ml
thence are passing the untold riches of the West. Over it are crowd-
IIISTOIIV 01-' MISSOURI. G5
iiig legions of men, urniod noL ivith tho v.'eapons of vrar, but with the
implements of pe;ice and industry; dk ii who are skilled in all tlie r.rt?
of ai^'rieuluirc, of muniifieture and of mining; men who will hasten
the day when St. Louis shall rank in population and importance, scc-
Giid to ::o city on the i;ontinc!it, and v.-hon [Missouri shall ])r(uidly fill
the measure of greatuc;s, to whieh she is uaiurally so justly entitled.
CHAPTER XI.
EDUCATION.
Public School Sy.stem — Public School System of lllssouri — Liacoln Institute— 0!E-
ccr- oi Public School System — Certificates of Tcraliers — Uiiivcrsity of Mis^^oiii-i —
Schools — Colleges — Institutions of Learniuu— Lo-'.it!i>u — Libraries — Xo« ^pa-
pers and Periodicals — No. of School Children — .•Vmuuut txpeuded — Value of
Grounds and Buildings — " The Press."
Thofii'st constitution of ^Missouri provided tliat "one sohool or more
sh:dl he established in each township, as soon as praeticable and neces-
sary, wliere the poor sliall be taugiit gratis."
It win be seen th:'t even at that early day (1820) the framers of the
constitutiosi made provision for at least a primary edneatiiui for Iho
poorest and the hu!:d)lest, taking it for granted tliat those wlio were
able would avail them-ehe? of educational advantages which were not
gratuitous.
The f stablishment of the public-school s\'steni, in its essential fea-
tures, was not perfected imtil 1S39, during the administration of Gov-
ernor Boggs, and since that period the .system has slowdy grown into
f'vor, noti oidy in Misscuirl, but throughout the United States. The
idea of a free or public school fcir all classes was not at tirst a popular
one, especially among those who had the means to patronize private
institutions of learning. In upholding and maintaining puMic scliouls
the opponents of the system felt that they were not only compromis-
ing th'^ir own standing among their more wealthy neighbors, hut that
they were, to some extent, bringing opprobrium upon their children.
Entertaining such prejudices, they naturally thought that the training
received at public schools could not be otherwise than defective ; lieiice
man^■ vears of probation passed before the popular mind was prepared
66 HISTORY OF Ml^SOl'lM.
to appreciate tiie lieiioiits and blessings which bpriui: 'roii; these insti-
tutions.
Eveiv vc.'ir only luMi to their popul'irity, and coniinend-; tiiern the
more earneslly to the fostering care of our State and National Legis-
lutuies^, iiiiJ lo Ihe eileem and favor of all classes of our people.
"We can hardly conceive of two grander or more -potent promoters of
civilization than the free school and free press. They would indeed
seem lo iMii^tiuite ;dl iliat was neecssaiy to the attaiuuicnt of the hap-
piness .".nd intellectual growth of the IJenuhlie, and all that was neces-
sary to broaden, to liljeralize and instruct.
«'Tis education forms the common mind;
******
For noble youth there is nothing so meet
As learninc; is, to know the sood from ill;
To know the tongues, and perfectly indite,
And of the laws to have u perfect skill.
Tilings to reform as right and justice will;
For honor is ordained for no am^-o
But to see right maintained by tlie laws."
All the States of the Union liave in practical operation the public-
school s}stem, governed in the main by similar laws, and not difTerinir
materially in the manner and methods by whicii they are tanglit : but
none have a wiser, a more liberal and comprehensive machinery of
instruction than ^lissouri. Her school laws, since ISi^'Ji, have under-
gone many changes, and always for tho better, keeping pace with the
most enlightened and advanced theories of the most experienced edu-
cators in the land. But not until 1^75, when the new constitution wa-
adopted, did her present adnurahle system of ]nil)lic instruction <ro
into ell'ect.
^'^rovi.>!ous were made not only forv/hite, but for chiiJren of African
descent, and are a part of the organic law, not subject to the caprices
of unfriendly legislatures, or the whims of j)olitical parties. The Lin-
coln Institute, located at Jeflerson City, for the education of col-
ored teachers, receives an annual appropriation from the General
Assembly.
For the support of the public schools, in addition to the annual
income derived from the public school fund, wiiieh is set apart In- law,
not less than twenty-five per cent, of the State revenue, exclusive of
the interest and siidiing fund, is annually applied to this purpose.
The officers having in chai-ge the public school intej-ests are the State
" Board of Education," the State Supeiinteudeut, Count\ Commission-
ij:!i\ "WT
'?-% : ■ ("-"'
m
■\ -J
>Jgs^
-If-
I' :. ■.
ii;..
i-^li 1,1
68 HlSTOIiy OF MISSOLKI.
er.-i, Coiiiiiv Clerk ami Tieasuier, Boinxl of Directors, Cily aiul T.iwu
School Boai-d, and TtMohcr. The State Board of Education is composed
of thf State Sii;.)oi'inte!ident, th'.; Governor, Secretary of State, and the
Af torney-Geuei'al, the executive ofliccr of this Board being the State Sn-
periuteudeiit, wiio is chosen by the people every four years. His duties
are numei-ous. He renders decisions concerning the local a.pplication of
sciiuol law; kecjis arccord of the school funds and annually distributes
the same to the counties ; supervises the work of county school oflicers ;
delivers lectures ; visits schools ; distributes educational information ;
grants certificates of higher C|ualilications, and makes an annual report
to the General Assembly of the condition of the schools.
The County Commissioners are also elected by the people for two
years. Their w(uk is to examine teachers, to distribute Ii'anks, and
make reports. County clerks receive estimates from the local direct-
ors and exteud them upon the tax-books. In addition to this, they
keep the general records of the county aud township school funds, and
return an annual report of the financial conditinn of the schools of
their county to tlie State Su{)erintendent. School taxes are ^atliored
w!th other taxes by the county collector. The custoi.lian of the school
funds belonging to the schools of the counties is the cniiui v treasurer,
except ia counties adopting the township organization, in which case
the township trustee discharges these duties.
Districts organized under the special lav. for cities and towns are
governed by a board of six directors, two of whom are selected annu-
ally, on the second Saturday in September, and hold their office for
three years.
One director is elected to serve for three years in each school dis-
trict, at the annual meeting. These directors may lew a tax not
exceeding xoriy cents on the one hundred dollars' valuation, pro-
vided such annual rates foi' school [Purposes mav be increased in dis-
tricts formed <if cities aud towns, to an amount not exceeding one
dolla.r on the hundred dollars' valuation, and in other districts to an
amount not. to exceed sixty-tive cents on the one hundred dollars' val-
uation, on the condition that a majority of the voters who are tax-pav-
ers, voting at an election held to decide the question, vote for said
increase. For the purpose of erecting public buildina-s in school dis-
tricts, the rates of taxation thus limited may be increased when the
rate of such increase and the purpose for which it is intended shall
have been submitted to a A'ote of the people, and two-tliirds of the
HISTORY ov jirsporni. C,9
qualitleJ voters of sucli school district votijig at such election sh.iU
vote thcret'or.
Loctil director? may direct llie nianaireiucut of the school in re^-pcct
to the choice of teachers and other details, Imt in the discharge of
all iUi.jvj. tant h.u.'.iK.-s, such as the erection of a school house or tho
extension of a term of school beyond the constitutional period, tliey
simply execute tho will of the peoole. The clerl: of this hoard uiay
be a director. He keeps a record of the names of all tlio children and
youth in the district between the ago>: of tive and twenty-one ; rceor(is
all business proceedings of the district, and reports to the annual
meetinir, to the County Clerk and County Commissioners.
Teachers must hold a certificate from the State Superintendent or
County Commissioner of the county where they teach. State cei-tifi-
cates are granted upon personal written examination in the common
branches, together with the natural sciences and higher mathematics.
The holder of such certificate may teach in any public school of the
State without farther examination. Certilicates granted by Coimty
Commi-?io;iers are of two classes, with two grades in each clas«. Tlioso
issued for a longer term than one year, belong to tlie first class and are
susceptible of two gradi's, dill'erinL;- l)otli as to lengtli of time and attain-
meuts. Tho-e i--^ui_'d for one year uiay repre-ent two grades, marked bv
qualifi'-atioii alone. The township school fund arises iVom a crant of
laud by the General Government, consisting of section sixteen in each
congressional townsldp. The annual income of the township fund is ap-
propriated to the various townships, according to their respective
proprietary claims. Tlie supi)ort from the permanen.t funds is supple-
mented by direct taxation laid upon the taxable property of each dis-
trict. The gre:itcst limit of taxation for the current expen-cs is one
per cent ; the tax ijcruiltted for school house buihling cannot exceed
the same amount.
Among the institutions of learning and ranking, pcrha[)s, the first
in importance, is the State University hieated at Columbia, Boone
County. Wlnm the State was admitled into the Union, Connre-s
granted to it one entire township of land (4'',0>;0 acres) for the sup-
port of "A Seminary of Learning." Tlie lands secured for this ])ur-
pose are among the best and most valuable in the State. These
lands were put into ihe market in 1^32 and brought $75,0(JO, winch
amount was invested in the stock of tlie ohl bank of the State of .Mis-
souri, whin-e it remained and increased hy accuiuuhition to the sum of
$100,000. In 1839, by ;ui act of tlie General Assembly, five commis-
70 HI6TOUY OF JI!sSt>Li;i.
sJoner* were appointed to select a site for the State Uiiiveriily, tbo
site to coutaiii at least fifty .-icres of huui in :i compact form, within
two miles of the comity seat of Cole, Cooiper, Howard, l.oonc, Calla-
way or Saline. Bids were let aumng the counties named, and the
co'i'iiv r.i' Bonne having siib;ri-il)ed the snni of $117,!^21, some
?18,000 more than any other county, the Stale University was Licated
in that connty, and on the 4th of Jnly, 1840, the corner-stone was
laid with imposing ceremonies.
The present annual income of the University is nearly $(>'), 000.
The donations to the institutions connected therewith amount to
nearly $400,000. This University with its ditfercnt departments,
is open to both male .and female, and both sexes enjoy iili-lcc its
rights and privileges. Among the prolessional schools, which form a,
part of the University, are the Normal, or College of Instruction in
Teaching; Agricultural and Mechanical College; the School of ?vlines
and Metallurgy ; the College of Law ; the Meiiical College ; and the
Department of Analyt'cal and Ai>i)licd Clio.ni.-try. Other departments
are contemplated and will be added as necessity requires.
'J'iie following will show the names and locations of the schools and
institutions of the State, as reported by the ConnDissioner of Education
in 1875 : —
TreiTKRSlTIKS AND COLLEOKS.
ChrL-;ia:i TTniveriitv Canton.
St. Vincent's Colloi;t» Cape Girardeau
University of itissuan , Ci>iui}ibiH.
Central College - Fayette.
Westminster College Fultun.
Lewis College Gla-uow.
Pritchett School Ins'.ituti/ '. Glaj^ou.
Lincoln College Green woo J.
Hannibal Colleije Hunr.ibal.
Woodland College [njopetidenco.
Thayer College..^ Kidder.
La Grange College — La Grange.
AV'illiam Jewell College Liberty.
Baptist College Louisiana.
St. Joseph College St, Joseph.
College of Christian Brothers St. Louis.
St Louis L'niversity St. Louis.
Washington University •• St. Louis.
Di-uvy College springfieia.
Central Weslevan College- Warrenton.
FOR SUPKKIOR IN'sTIifCTION- OF WOMKV.
St. Joseph Female Seminary St. Joseph.
Christian College Columbia.
HISTOKY OF MIBSOUUI. 7]
Sffpli^^ns' College daambia.
HosvarJ College Fa^-ette.
Iiidapendeiioe Fem^Ue College Indepondeiico,
Central Fenisile College Lexington.
Clay Seminary „ Liberty.
In^iojide VemHle College Palmyra.
Linder.woo'i College for Young Ludies St_ Charles.
Marj' Institute (Vrasliingtou Univeriity) St. Louis.
St. Louis Seminary St, Louis.
UrsuUna Acaieruy .St. Louis.
FOR SECONDARY IXSTKUCTIOX.
Arcadia College Arcadia.
St. Vincent's Academy Cape Giranleau.
Chillicothe Academy Chiilieothe.
C-rrand River College Edinburgh.
Marionville Collegiate Institute ^larionville.
Piilmyra Seminary Palmyra.
St. Paul's College Palmyra.
Van Ilensselaer .\cademy , Iteiis'L-laer.
Shelby High School Shelby viilo.
StewartsviUe Male and Female Seminary Stewartsvilie.
EfHOOLS OV SCn:SCK.
Missouri Agricultural and Mechanical College (L'niversity of Jlissouri) ; C'llumbia.
Schools of Mines and Met-illurgy (University of Missouri) Kolhi,
Polytechnic Institute (Washington University) St. Louis.
SCHOOLS OF TIiEOLOQI".
St. Vincent's College (Theological Department) Cape Gir-.-rdesii.
Westminster College (Theological School) Fulton.
Vardemau School of Theology (William Jewell College) i.ib'jity.
Concordia ColKge St. I:ouis.
SCUOOLS OF LAW.
. Law School of the ITniversity of ^lissouri Columbia.
Law School of the Washington University St. Louis.
SCHOOLS OF MF.DICIXE.
Medical College. UniveYslty of ^ilissouri Columbia
College of Physicians and Surgeons St. Josrph.
Kansas City College of Physician; and Surgeons Kansas City.
Hospital. Medical College St. Oo=ei,h.
Missouri Medic.ll College St. Louis.
Northwestern Medical College St. Joseph.
St. Louis Medical College St. Louis.
Homeopathic iledica! College of Missouri St. Louis.
Missouri School of Midwifery and Diseases of Women and Children St. Louis.
Missouri Central College St. Louis.
St. Louis College of Pharmacy St. Louis.
HISTOKY OF MISSODKI.
i/AKGKST rur.Lic i.reRAr.iF.s.
Jv'ame.
Lpciition.
Volumes.
St, Vincent's Col'..--e
iju>auc:i-l jii.^ioiiri bl:i'Lt! iioruial til.Oi
UuivcTsity of >li>s'.>ar'
Cape. Gii-anieaii..
Capo Girardi.-:;u..
Columbi;;
ColuDlbi;'/
5.r,0')
l,--.5
lo.iino
L-jno
i,-.;oo
Columbia
Fulton
i,ono
5,0' 10
g.niio
Westminnt-r College
Levis ColU'c^e ."
WeTcruUiie Librar\
Haniiibal
Indfcperideii ■■
2,-2l:i
1,100
Jetl'crson Ciiy. ...
.Kansas Citv
Kansas Ciiv
Ean-;\s i-iiv
Kirk<\ille."
l;j,0''^o
] :'.f'0
S.iiiW
Whittemoie's Circu! itin;; Library
l.onn
1,0.50
4.1100
"William .lewell Colice
St. Paul's Culles,'? 1.
Palmyni
RoUa".
2,000
],17S
St. Ch. rle; Calholi.; Library .!.'
Carl rrifllin"-'3 Library
SI. Char..-..
St. Joseph
1,710
6,000
St. Josi-iih
2,0u0
St. Jo.=fj h
0 .500
Walworth & Colt'? Circulating Lih-:irv
1,-500
Academy of t^nciv-e.. .T. ."
St. Loui^
St. Loui.-
St. Loui=
2.7 U
4,000
2l!.000
St. Loui-
i/\m
St. LoLii-
4,^^^0
St. Loui-
St. Loui-s
8.OO0
ilis^ouri 'MoJical ('olle"'e
1.000
Mrs. Ciilhl.i-.t'i Seaiinarv (Youi-s Ladies)
Odd Fellow's Library ....'.
1..500
St. Loui^
4.000
40 U'lT
St Loui- .Medical Coilctre
St. Loui.;
1.100
45 000
St. Loui..^
•' ono
St. Louis
2.O00
17.1100
St. Louis Uniyersity Society Libraric-
St. Louis
' 8 000
St. Louis
2.O0O
"Washiti'-ton Uniyei;it\
St. Loui;
4, .510
St. IjOUi^ Lr\w School '
3.000
Youii" Men's Sodility
St. Louis
l,:;i7
Library Asiocinti^n " .
Sedalia
1,5m
Public Suiool Library
1.015
SpringfieM
C.riri'v
Newspapers and PeriodicaU 481
CHAKlriKS.
State Asyium for Deaf a;'.d Dumb
St IJridgufi Institution for Deaf and Du.ib
Institution for the Education of the Uli: d
State Asylum tV.r Insane
State AsvUun for the In-^ant;
FuU.-.n.
..St. Louis.
..St. L.nii-i.
Fulton.
.St Louii.
UISTOIIY OF MlSPOUai. <o
^ yoRNfAT. pcnooi.s.
formal TnstHufe ■ BoliTLW.
Soutliea=t Missouri State Normal Scho'^i Cupt; Gimru-iau.
Nornial School (ri.ivor.it.y of Miiscuri) Columl.;:i.
Fruitiand Norrniil Institute...., Jackson.
Lincoln Institute {(or colored) Jeflerson City.
City Norma! S':'fioo! St. Loiii?.
Missouri State Normal Sohooi Wairensbur;^'.
IN- ISSO.
Number of ;c-hoo' children <..-.
IN- I!?:-.
Estimated value of school properly S?..^21,:W9
Total receipts for public schools 4,207,017
O'olul experiditu:LS 2,^00,1,;')
M'MlltB OF TEACHEKS.
Male teachers 0.iS9; averasjo m^'iithly piy i^oC S^!
Fem.ale teachers 5,050; average rnoiulily pay 118.09
The fact tliat .Mis-:ouii supports and maintains t'qur hundred and
seventy-one newspapers and periodicals, <-1jows th'it her inhabitants
•a;'e not only a reading and rollocting people, bat th.at they appreciate
" The Pre-<," a.nd its wonderful influence as an educator. The poet
has well stiid : —
But mightiest of the mighty means,
On which the arm of proi;ress leans,
JIan's noblest mission to ads'anee,
His woes assuage, his weal eiiliauce,
His rights enforce, his wrongs redress —
Mishtiest of Tiiighty :s tb.e Press.
CHAPTER XII.
RELIGIOUS DENOMI nTATIONS.
Baptist Church — Its History— Congregational — When Founded — Its History —
Christian Church — Its History — Cumberland Pixsbytei'ian Churcli — Its History —
Methodist Episcopal Cliurch — Its History — Presbyterian Churcli — Its History —
Protestant Episcopal Church — Its History — United Presbyterian Church — Its
History — Uuitarian Church — Its History — Roman Catholic Church — Its Hi>tory.
The first reprc>ciitatives of religions thought and training, who
penetrated the ^lissoui I and Mississippi Valleys, were Pere MarqueUe,
La Salle, and others of Catholic persuasion, who performed ujissionary
74 msTOuy of jiissouiu.
labor among the IiKli:iii = . A century aflerwai'd came the Prote-.tants.
At that early period
" A church ia every srrove that spread
Its livincc rouf above their heads,"
constituted for a time tlieir oniy house of \vor:>!iin, and yet to them
" No Temple built with hands could vie
In glory with its majesty."
In tlie course of time, the seeds of Protestantism wore scattered
along the shoi'cs of the two great rivers v/hieh form the e;:.-;teni and
■western boundaries of the State, and stil' a little later they Meiu sown
upon her hill-sides and broad prairies, where they have since bloomed
and blossoined as the rose.
BAPTIST CHURCH.
The earliest anti-Catholic religious denomination, of which there is
any record, was organized in Ca)>c Girardeau county in 1S0(), through
the eflbrts of Rev. David firecn, a Baptist, and a native of Virginia.
In ISIG, the tiisL association of Missouri Baptists was formed, which
was composed of seven churches, all of which were located iu the
southeastern part of the State. In 1S17 a second association of
churches was formed, called the Missouri Association, the name being
afterwards changed to St. Louis Association. In 1834 a general con-
vention of all the churches of this denomination, was helil in Howard
county, for the purpose of eiTecting a central organization, at which
time was commenced what is now known as the " General Association
of Missouri Baptists."
To this body is committed the State mission work, denominational
education, foreign missions and the circulation of religious literature.
'I'he Baptist Churcii has under its control a number of school, u!id
colleges, the most important of whicli is ^Villiam Jewell College,
located at Liberty, Clay county. As shown by the annual re|>ort for
1875, there were in Missouri, at that date, sixty-one associations, one
thousand four hundred churches, eight hundred and twenty-four min-
isters and eighty-nine thousand six hundred and lifty cluirch members.
CONGKEGATIOXAL CHURCH.
The Congregationalists inaugurated their missionary labors in the
State in 1814. Rev. Samuel J. ^NliUs, of Torringtbrd, Connecticut,
and Rev. Daniel Smith, of Bennington, Vermont, were sent west i>y
the Massachusetts Congregational Home Missionary Society during
HisTonr OF MISSOURI. 75
that year, and in Nnvember, 1814, they preached the first regular
Frote.st;ii!t sermons in St. Louis. Eev. Sanniel Giddings, sent out
under tlic auspices of the Connecticut Congregational Missionary
Society, organized the first Protestant church in the city, consisting
often i)ioi!i))ers, constiUited rrt6l)ytii'ian. Tiie churches or"-anizcd
by Mr. Gidtlings were all T'resbyteriau in their order.
No exclusively Congregational Church was founded until 1S")2,
when the " First Triiiitai'ian Congregational Cluirch of St. Louis "
was (U-ganized. The next church of this denomiaatioii was organized
at Hannibal in 1859. Then fi>lb)weda Welsh church in New Cambria
in 18G1-, and after the close of the war, tifteen churches of the same
oi'der were fiU'med in difl'erent parts of the State. In 1SG6, Pihjjrim
Church, St. Louis, was organized. The General Conference of
Churches of Missouri was formed in 18i)5, which was changed iu 18G8,
to General Association. In 18G6, Hannibal, Kidder, and St. Louis
District Associations were formed, and following these were the Kan-
sas City and Springfield District Associations. Thi> denomination in
1875, had 70 churches, 41 ministers, 3,3<j3 church members, and had
al>o several schools and colleges and one monthly neuspaper.
CHRISTIAN" CHUnCH.
The eailiost churches of this denojuination were organized in Cal-
laway, Boone and Howard Counties, some time previously to 18i?.9.
The first church was formed in St. Louis in IS'.Ji't by Elder li. B.
Fife. The fii'st State Sunday School Convention of the Christian
Cliurch, was held in Mexico in 187G. Besides a number of private
institutions, this demuui nation has three State Institutions, all of
which have an able corps of professors and have a good attendance of •
pupils. It has one religious paper published iu St. Louis, " 77ie Chris-
tian," which is a weekly publication aud well patronized. The mem-
bership of this church now nunil)ers nearly one hundred thousand iu
the State and is incrcsing rapidly. It has more than five hundred
organized churches, the greater portion of which are north of the
Missouri Iviver.
CU.^IBERLAND PRESBYTERIAN' CIIUKCII.
In the spring of 1820, the first Presbytery of this donominatitm
west of the Mississipjii, was organized in Pike County. This Pres-
bytery included all the territory of ^Missouri, western Illinois and
Arkansas aud numbered only four miniiters, two of whom resided at
76 HISTORi' OF MISSOIKI.
that lime in Missouri. There are now in tlic St;ite, t-.vclvc Frcshy-
terios, three Svuods, nearly three hundred ministers !uui over twenty
thousand nieni'tiers. The Bo;ird of ^Mi-sinns is located at St. Louis.
The}' have a number of High Seliools and two montlilj papers pub-
lished at St. Louis.
?.rETiiOT)!ST Eri^coPAL rnvncn.
In 180G, Rev. John Travis, a young Methodist minister, was sent
out to the " Western Conference," which then embraced the ^Nlissis-
sippi Yalle}-, from Green County, Tennessee. During that year ]Mr.
Travis organized a nunilier of small churches. At the close of hi.s
conference year, he repoited tlie result of his labors to tlie ^^'e-tern
Conference, which wa- h'dd at Chillicolhc, Oldo, in 1S70, and slmwed
an aggregate of one luindi'od and si\- members and two circuit-^, one
called Missouri and the otlier ]\Icramec. In 180S, two circuits had
been formed, and at each suceeeding war the nuiulier of circuits and
members constantly inereasei.l, until 181:^, wlien v:hat was called the
Western Conference was divided into the Ohio and Tennessee Confer-
ences, Missouri fidling into the Tennessee Conference. , In 161G,
there was another division when the Missouri Annual Conference was
formed. In 1810, there were four traveling preachers and in 1820, tif-
teen travelling preachers, with over 2,000 members. In 1836, the terri-
tory of the ^lissouri Conference was again divided wheri tlie Missouri
Conference included only the State. In 1840 there were 7? traveling
preachers, 177 local ministers aiK.! 13.'Jli3 cluirrii members. Eetween
1840 anil IS-I'O, the church wa-^ dixided by ihe organization of the
Methodist Episcopal Church South. In 1850, the membership of the
M. E. Church wa< over 25,000, and during the succeeding ten _\-ears
the church prospered ra[^idly. In 1875, the M. E. Church reported
274 church edifices and 34,156 members; the ^I. E. Church South,
reported 443 church edilices and 49,588 members. This denomina-
tion has under its coi.trol several schools and colleges and two weekly
newspapers.
PRESlSi'TERIAN CHURCH.
The Presbyterian Church dates the boo-intiing of its missionary
efforts in the State as far back as 1814, but the first Pre-byrerian
Church was not organized until 1S16 at Belleviie settlement, eight
miles from St. Louis. The next churclies were formed in 181 li and
■ 1817 at B(ni!iomme, Pike County. The Fir-t Presbyterian Church
was ori:;uiized in St. Louis in 1817. bv liev. .salmcii Giddiu;;. Tlie
niSTOUY OF MISSOURI. 77
first Presliytery was organized in 1817 by the Synod of I'eunc^ice
■with four miuij-tcrs ;i\id four cliiavlios. Tlie lirst PL-eshyteriau liouse
of v.'orshiii (wliieh ^\•:ls the linst ri-oLc-'taiit) was coinmeiicud iu 1819
and complotod in li:2h. la isfO a mission was formed among the
O^age Indians. In looi, the Presbytery was divided into three:
^Missouri, St. Louis, and Sfc. Charles. These were erected with a
Synod comprising ciglitcen ministers and twenty-three churches.
The church was divided in 1S38, throughout the United States. In
1860 the rolls of the Old and New School Synod together showed 109
mini-tors and 1-16 eluirches. In I'S'i*.) the Old School Synod was di-
vided on politic:d questions Sj)riugiug out of the war — a part form-
ing the Old School, or Independent Synod of Mi.-souri, who are con-
nected with the General Asseml)ly Soutli. In 1870, the Old and New
School Presl>yteriaus united, since v.hicli time this Synod has steadily
increased until it now numbers more than 12,000 members v.ith more
than 2i0 churches and 150 ministers.
This Synod is composed of sh-v Presbyteries and has under its con-
trol one or two institutions of learning and one or two newspapers.
That part of the original Synod which withdrew from the General
Assembly remained an independent body until 1874 when it united
with the Southern Presbyterian Church. The Synod in 1875 num-
bered 80 .uinisters, ] iO churches and t!,000 members. It has under
its control sevend male and female institutions of a high order. The
St. Louis Pre^hyterian, a weekly paper, is the recognized organ of
the Synod.
PKOTESTANT EPISCOPAL CFIURCH.
Tlie mi-sionaty enterprises of this church began in the State in
1819, v.hen a parish was organized in the City of St. Loui?. In i8:?S,
an agent of the Domestic and Foreign Missionary Society, visited tlie
city, who reported the condition of things so favorably that Rev.
Thomas Horrell was sent out as a missionary and in 1825, he began
his labors in St. Louis. A church edifice was comideted in 1830. In
1836, there were live clergymen of this denomination in Missouri,
who had organized congregations in BoonviUe, Fayette, St. Charles,
Hannibal, and other places. In 1810, the clergy and laity met in
convention, a diocese was forme<l, a constitution, and canons adopted,
and in 1844 a Bi^liop was chosen, ho being the Rev. Cicero S.
Hawks. Through the ellorts of Bishop Kemiier, Kemper College was
founded near St. Louis, but was afterward given up on account of
78 insrouY of iii:<soli;i.
pcciiin.-iry trouliies. In 1817, the Clark Mission began and in 1849
the Orphans' Home, a charitable institution, was founded. In 1865,
St. Luke's Hospital -.ras established. In 187-5, there were in the city
of St. Louis, twelve parishes and missions and twelve clergymen.
This denomnatiou Las several scJiools and colleges, and one newspaper.
UNITKD PliFSBlTEKI.^X CnUKCH.
This denomination is made unof the members of the A.^sociate and
Associate Keformed churches of the Northern States, which two
bodies united in 185S, taking the name of the United Presbyterian
Church of North America. lis members were generally bitterly
opposed to the institution of slavery. T!ie tirst eongregation was
organized ;it "Warrensburg, Johnson County, in 18G7. It rapidly
increased in niimhers.auJ had, in 1875, ten ministers and live hundred
members.
UXITAillAX CHUIICH.
This church was formed in 1834, by the Rev. W. G. Elioi, in St.
Louis. The churches are few in number throughout the State, the
membership bei.ig [irobably less than oUO, all told. It has a missiori
house and free school, for i)oor chiMren, supported by donations.
KOM.A.N CArtlOLIC CHUKCH.
The earliest written record of the Catholic Church in Missouri shows
that Father Watrin pert'ormed mmisterial services in Sle. Genevieve,
in 1760, and in St. Louis in 17ljtj. In 1770, Father Menrin erected a
small log church in St. Louis. In 1818, there were in the State tour
chapels, and for Upper Louisiana seven priests. A college and semi-
nary were opened in Perry County about this period, for the
education of the young, being the first college west of the Mississippi
River. In 1824, a college was opened in St. Louis, which is nmv
known us the St. Louis University. In 182G, Father Rosatti was
appointed Bishop of St. Louis, and through his instrunientality the
Sisters of Charity, Sisters of St. Joseph and of the "Visitation were
founded, besides other benevolent and charitable institutions. In
1831 he com['leted the present Cathedral Church. Churches weie
built in different portions of the State. In 1847 St. Louis nas created
an arch-diocese, with Bishop Kenrick, Archbishop.
In Kansas City there were five parish churches, a hospital, a con-
vent and several parish schools. In 18(38 the northwestern portion of
the State was erected into a separate diocese, with its seat at St. Joseph,
IIlSTOIty OF MISSOURI. 7 9
nii'l TJiirlit-lLCVf'i-oivl Jolm J. Iloir.ni finpoiTitci] 'nisliop. There 'xoro,
in 1875, in the <;'ity of St. Louis, 'di churches, 27 sciiouls, 5 hospiuils,
8 collco-es, 7 orpl^.ta ri^vlunisaiid 3 female iii-ott'Ctoratcs. There were
also 105 priests, 7 inaie and 13 feni;ilc orders, and 20 conferences of
St- Vincent do P:'m1. Dnni'^oriirj 1 ,100 members. In the diocese, out-
side of St. Loui^, there is a college, a male prolectorate, 9 con'.cnts,
abou! 120 priesiS, 150 churches and 30 stations. In the diocese of
St. Joseph there were, in 1875, 21 priests, 29 ciuirches, 24 stalions,
1 college, 1. monastery, 5 convents and 14 parish schools:
Number of Sunday Schools ill 1S7S . . ?,0C7
Number of Teachers in ISTS ... . . . 18,010
Number of Fupils in 1S7S . 139,578
THr.OLOGICAL SCHOOLS.
Instruction preparatory to ministerial work is given in connection
witli cr-llegiate study, or in special theological coni-sos, at:
Central College (jr. E. South) . . Fayette.
Ceut'-n! V.'esl.'yau Colioge (?,f. E. Churoh) . ^ . . . . Warrouton.
Christian University (Christian) Canton.
Concordia Colle,:;e Seminaiy CEvangelical Lutheran; ... .St. Louis.
Lewis College Ql. E. Church) G!as;:ow.
St. Vincent Colleo;e (Roman Catliolic) Cape Gir,u\leau.
Varderaan School of Theology (Baptist) . Liberty.
TLe last is connected with William Jc\\-ell Collcire.
CHAPTER XITI.
AD-^IIXiSTRATiON OF GOVERNOR CKirrEXDEN.
Nomination and election of Thomas T. Crittenden — Personal Mention — .Marm-iduke's
candidacy — Stirring e'. ents — Hannibal and St. Josepli Railroad — Death of Jesse
James — The Fords — Pardon of the Gamblers.
It is the purpose in this chapter to outline the more important
events of Governor Crittenden's unfinished administration, statinir
briefly the facts in the case, leaving comment and criticism entirely to
the reader, the historian having no judgment to express or prejudice
to vent.
Thomas T. Crittenden, of Johnson county, received the Demo-
cratic nomination for Governor of Missouri at the convention at Jetl'cr-
80 iiisTouY OF Mis:.oui:i.
son City, Julj ?i?(l, L'i^SO. Demucratic nomination for a State oflloo in
Mi.^soari is always oquivalcnt to election, and the entire State ticket
was fluly clectei.l in November. Crittenden's competitor^; before the
couveniion -were Gen. John S. ^Jarniailnke, of St. Lonis, and John
A. Hockadaj', of Callaway county. Before the assembling of the
convention many persons who favored ]\Iarniadnkc, both personally
and politically, tliuU!j:ht the nomination of an ex-Confederate might
prejudice the prospects of the National Democracy, and therefore, as
a matter of policy, supported Crittenden.
His name, and the fame of his family in Kentucky — Thomas T.
being ii scion of the Crittendens of that State, caused the Democrac}'
of ^Missouri to expect great things from their new Governor. This,
together with the iniportant events v.hich followed his inauguration,
caused some people to overrate him, while it prejudiced others against
him. The measures advocated l)y the Governor in his inaugural
address wei'e such as, perhaps, the entire Democracy could eniUirse,
especially that of I'cfunding, at a low interest, all that part of the State
debt that can lie so refunded ; the ailoption of measures to relieve tlic
Supreme. Court doeket; a compromise of the imjebtedness of some of
the counties, arid his views concerning repudiation, which he con-
temned.
HANMIIAL A- ST. JOE KAILKOAD CONTJiOVERSY.
By a scries of legislative acts, i)eginning with the act approved
February 22, 18.:il, and ending with that of March 26, L^sl, the
State of Missouri aided with great liberality in the construction of a
system of railroads in this State.
Among the enterprises thus largely assisted was the Hannibal and
St. Joseph liailroad, f u' the construction of which the bonds of the
State, to the amouni of $o,000,U00, bearing interest at t! per cent per
annum, payal)le semi-aunually, were issued. One half of this amount
was issued under the act of 1851, and the remainder under the act of
1855. Tiie bonds issued uuder the former act were to run twenty
years, and those under the latter act were to run thirty years. Some
of the bonds have since been fimded and renewed. Coupons for the
interest of the entire $3,000,000 were executed and made payable in
Kew York. These acts contain nnmeroUN [irovisions intended to
secure the State against loss and to rccpiire the railroad company to
pay the interest and principal at maturity. It was made the duty of
the railroad com[>any to save andkee[) the St.-'.tc from aJl loss on
account of said bonds and coupons. Tlie Treasurer of the State was
HISTOI;Y OF MISSOURI. §1
to be oxonenvted froiii any advance of inoiie}' to nn'ct eillicr principal
or interest. The State contracted witli the railroad company lor com-
plete iadc.nnity. She was reqnired to a-^sign her statutory mortizage
lieu only upon payment into the treasury of a sum of money equal to
all indebtedness due oj- owing by said eu;iipany to the State by reason
of having issued her bonds and loaned them to the company.
In June, 1881, the railroad, through its attorney, Geo. W. Easley,
Esq., paid to Phil. E. Chi'.ppell, State Treasurer, the sum of $3,000,-
000, and asked for a receipt in full of all dues of the road to the
State. The Treasurer refused to give such a receipt, but instead ijave
a receipt for the sum " on accoun':." The dei:>t was not yet due, but
the authorities of the road sought to discharge their obligation pre-
maturely, in order to save interest and other expenses. The railroad
company then demanded its bonds of the State, which demand the
State refused. The company then demanded that the $3,000,000 bo
paid back, and this demand was also refused.
The railroad company then brought suit in the United States Court
for an equitable adjustment of the matters in controversy. The $3,
000,000 had been deposited by the State in one of the banks, and was
drawing interest only at the rate of one-fourth of one per cent. It
was demanded that this sum should be so invested that a huirer rate
of interest might be obtained, which sum of interest should be allowed
to the company as a credit in case any sum should be found due irom
it to the State. Justice Miller, of the United States Supreme Court,
who heard the case upon preliminary injunction in the .spring of 1882,
decided that tlie unj^aid and unmatured coupons constituted a liability
of the State and a debt owing, though not due, and until these were
provided for the State was not bound to assign her lien upon the road.
Another questit)n which was mooted, but not decided, was this:
That, if any, what account is the State to render for the use of the
$3,000,000 paid into the treasury by tlie couiplaimmts on the 20th of
June? Can she hold that large sum of money, refusing to make anv
account of it, and still insist upon full payment by the railroad
company of all outstanding coupons?
Upon this subject Mr, Justice Miller, in the course of his opinion,
said : " I am of the opinion that the State, having accepted or a'ot thi.s
money into her possession, is under a moral obligation (and I do nor
pretend to commit anybody as to how tar its legal obligation sees) to
so lise that money as, so far as possible, to protect the parties who
have paid it against the loss of the interest which it might accumulate.
82 niSTOUY OF .Ali.SyOURl,
and wliicli vrould go to extinsruisli tlic interest on the State's olili'-'i-
tions.
Marcli 2G, ISSl, the Lerrijlature, iu response to n special messairc of
Gov. Crittenden, d.itcd Fei)ruary 25, ]S81, in v.-Jiich ho intbnned
the Leiriiiature of tlie iJur|-..ose of the Hanniljal and St. Josepii com-
pany to discharge the full amount of what it claims is its present
indebtedness as to the State, aud advised that provision be made
for the " profitable disposal" of tlie sum when paid, passed an act,
the second section of which provided.
" Si-.c. 2. WJicnever there is sufficient money in the sinkiutr fund to
redeem or purchase one or more of the lionds of the State of Missouri,
sucli sum is hereby appropriated for such purpose, and the Fund
Commissioners shall immediately call in for ])ayment a like aniouut
of the option bonds of the State, known as the "5-20 bonds"
provided, that if there are no option bonds which can be called in for
payment, they may invest such money in the purchase of any of the
bonds of the State, or bonds of the United States, the Haun'ibal and
St, Jo-'^ph raih-oa.l boiius exci;i)ied."
On the 1st of January, 1882, the regular semi-annual payment of
interest on the railroad bonds became due, but the road refused to
pay, claiming that it had already discharged the principal, and of
course was not liable for the interest. Thereupon, accordiiitr to the
provisions of the aiding act of 1855, Gov. Crittenden adverHsed the
road for sale in default of the payment of interest. The companv
then I lought suit before U. S. Circuit Judge McCrary at Keokuk,
Iowa., to enjoin the State from selliug the road, and for such other
and further relief as the court might see fit and proper to irrant.
August 8, 1882, Judge McCrary delivered his opinion and judsment,
as follows :
"Fir.sl. That the payment by complainants into the treasury of the
State of the sum of $3,0!_)U,000 on the 2Gth of June, 1881, did not
satisfy the claim of the State in full, nor entitle complainants to an
assignment of the State's statutory mortgage.
"aSVcohcZ. That the State was bound to invest the principal sum
of $3,000,000 so paid by the complainants without unnecessary delay
in the securities named iu the act of March 2ii, 1881, or some of
them, and so as to save to the State as large a sum as possible,
which sum so saved would have constituted as between the State and
complainants a credit pro fatilo upon the unmatured coupons now in
controversy.
HISTORY OF MrS.SOUKI.
83
''Third. T!i;it the rights and equit}- of the parties are to he detcr-
niiued upon the Ibreiriuiiii' principles, and the State must stand
charged with what woakl liavc been realiiced if tlie act of March,
1881, had been complied witii. It only remains to consider what the
rights of the parties are upon the principles here slated.
" lu order to save the State from loss on account of the default of
the railroad company, a further sum must he paid. In order to deter-
mine what that further sum is an accounting must be had. The ques-
tion to be settled by the accounting is, how much would the State
have lost if the provisions of the act of March, 1881, had been
coujplied with? * * ^ * I think a ))crfectly fair basis of settle-
ment would be to hold the State liable for whatever could have been
saved by the ()ronipt execution of said act by taking up such 5-"20
option bonds of the State as were subject to call when the money v.'as
paid to the State, and investing the remainder of the fund in the
bonds of the United States at the market rates.
" Upon this basis a calculation can be ni:!de and the exact sum still to
be paid by the complainant in oriler to fully indemnify and protect the
State can be liseertaiieu. For the purpose of staling an uccounfc
upon this basis and of determining the sum to be paid by the com-
plainants to the State, the cause will be referred to John K. Cravens,
one of the masters of this court. In determining the time when the
investment should have been made under the act of 2\Iarch, 1881, the
master will allow a reasonable period for the time of the receipt of the
said sum of $3,000,000 by the Treasurer of the State — that is to say,
such time as would have been required for that pur|)ose had the olil-
cers charged with the duty of making said investment used reason-
able diligt-nce in its discharge.
"The Hannibal and St. Joseph railroad is advertised for sale for the
amount of the instalment of interest due January 1, 1882, which
instalment amounts to less than the sum which the company must pay
in order to discharge its liabilities to the State upon the theory of this
opinion. The order will, therefore, be that an injunction be granted
to enjoin the sale of the road upon the payment of the said instal-
ment of interest due January 1, 1882, and if such payment is made
the master will take it into account in making the conii)utation above
mentioned."
KILLING OF JESSE JAMES.
The occurrence during the present Governor's administration which
did most to jjlace his name in everybody's mouth, and even to herald
84 HI^TOKV OI' 51ISSOUIU.
it -abroad, c;nisiiig tlie Europoan press to tocm v.-ith loaders airnnuncing
the fact to the continental world, was the " removal " of t!ie faniovis
Missouri brigand, Jcssg W. James. The earcer of the James boys,
and the banditti of whom they were the acknowledged leaders, is too
wc]!-ki;own arid too fully set forth in worlds of a more sensational
character, to deserve further detail in these pages ; and the " removal "
of Jesse will be dealt with only in its relation to the Governor.
It had been long conceded that neither of the Jameses would ever be
taken alive. That experiment had been frequently and vainly tried,
to the sorrow of good citizens of this and other States. It seems to
have been one of the purposes of Gov. Crittenden to break up this
band at any cost, by cutting off its leaders. Soon after the Winstou
train robbJry, on July 15, 1881, the railroads combined in empower-
ing the Governor, by placing the money at h.is dispo,-al, to ofier heavy
rewards for the caiiture of the two James brothers. This was ac-
cordingly done bv proclamation, and, naturally, many persons were
on the lookout to secure the large rewards. Gov. Crittenden worked
quietly, but determinedly, after otTering the rewards, and by some
means learned of the availal)ility of the two Ford boys, young men
from Kay county, who had been tutored as juvenile robbers by the
skillful Jesse. An understanding was had, when the Fords declared
they could find Jesse — that they were to "turn him in." Kobcrt
Ford and brother seem to have been thoroughly in the confidence of
James, who then (startling as it was to the entire State) resided in
the city of St, Joseph, with his wife and two children 1 The Fords
went there, and when the robber's back was turned, Eobert sho/ liiin
dead in the hade of the head.' The Fords told their story to the
authorities; of the city, who at once arrested them on a charge of mur-
der, and thev, when arraigned, pkau oi:ii/i/ to the charge. Promptly,
liowever, came a full, free and unconditional pardon from Gov. Ctit-
tenden, and the Fords were released. In regard to the Governor's
course in ridding the State of this notorious outlaw, people were
divided in sentiment, some placing him in the category with the Ford
boys and bitterly condemning his action, while others — the majority
of law-abiding people, indeed, — though deprecating the harsh meas-
ures which James' course had rendered necessary, still upheld the
Governor for the part he played. As it was, the " Terror of Mis-
souri " was otfectually and finally "removed." and people were glad
that he was dead. Robert Ford, the pupil of the dead Jesse, had
HISTOKY OF MISSOURI. 85 'Bt::^
been selected, and of all was the most fit tool to use in the exteriaina-
tion of his preceptor in crime.
The killing of James would never have made Crittenden many ene-
mies among the better class of citizens of this State ; but, when it
came to his
PARDON OF THE GAMRLERS.
The case was different. Under the new law making gaminghouse-
keeping a felony, several St. Louis gamblers, %vith Robert C. Pate at
their head, were convicted and sentenced to prison. The Governor,
much to the surprise of the more rigid moral element of the State,
soon granted the gamblers a pardon. This was followed by other
pardons to similar offenders, which began to render the Governor quite
unpopular which one element of citizens, and to call forth from some
of them the most bitter denunciations. The worst feature of the case,
perhnps, is the lack of explanation, or the setting forth of sutBoient
reasons, as is customary in issuing pardons. This, at least, is the bur-
dc!i of complaiiit with the faction that opposes him. However, it
must be borne in mind that his term of ofBce, at this writing, is but
half expired, and that a full record can not, therefore, be given. Like
all mere men, Gov. Crittenden has his good and his bad, is liked by
some and disliked by others. The purpose of history is to set forlh
the facts an! leave others to sit in judgment; this the historian has
tried faithfully to do, leaving all comments to those who may .-ee fit to
make them.
HISTORY
HOWARD ^^ CHARITON COUNTIES.
CIIArTEE I.
The Pioneer — Introduction — Ki»r1_v Adventurers — First Settlements — When and where
niH !e - -l):inie! Boone and otliers — Lewis tind Cltirk — Col. Benjamin Coopor —
I\amcs of Pioneers who came in 1?10 — Preparation for Living — Wild Game — Ki;ii-
eration of ISll and 1812 — Old Settlers Erect Forts — Organizing JlilitaryC'otn)>anic* —
Number of .Men Bearing Arms — Number of iten and Boj-s in Each Fort — Popula-
lation of Bo me'-, Lick Country in ISI'2 — Settlors came to Stay. /
"THE PIONEER."
"In the hea; I of the grand old forest,
A tho.nand miles to the west,
Whore a stream gushed out from the hill-side,
They halted at last for rest :
And the silerice of ages listened,
To the ax-stroko loud and clear,
Divining a kingly presence
In the tread of the pioneer.
"He formed of the prostrate bi-anches
A home that was strong and good ;
The roof was of reeds from the streamlet.
The chimney he built of wood.
And there by the winter fireside.
While the flame up the chimney roared,
He spoke of the good time coming,
When plenty should crown his board : —
" When the forest should faile like a vision,
And over the hillside and pi lin,
The orchard would spring in its beauty.
And the delds of golden grain.
And to-night he sits by the fireside.
In a mansion quaint and old.
With his children's children round him.
Having reap-^d a thousand fold."
}il&TuKV OF HOWAKD AND CIIAIU ION COUNTIKS. !^1>
United St;itcs, ;!s wrll as the oountry aljout the laoutlis of tii>' Mi-si,-,-
sippi river. 'L'iioy came into the up[iei .Mis.^i.-.si[j[ii and Missonri
Vidk'vs in 17(i4, uudei- the k'ad of Pierre Laelede Liguost, who held
a charter from tiie Freiieli governnjont, giving hitn tlie exclnsivi^ Tight
of trade \\'itii the Indians in all !he country as far ncu'th as St. Peter's
river. Ijacledo estalilishe<l liis colon}' in St. Louis in 17(J4, and from
this point they inuuediatcly began their trading and trapping excur-
sions into the unbroken v.-iklerne-s. Their nieihud of proceeding- was
to penetrate into the interior and establish small local posts fur trad-
ing with the Indians, whence the trappers and linntcrs were outtitted
and sent ont into the adjacent woods. In this way, the country' west
and northwest (jf St. Louis vias ti'aversed and explore<_[ at a very
early day, as far west as the Kork}- mountains, lint of the extent of
their operations, but little has liecn recorded ; hence, but little is
known of the posts establisiied lj\- them.
That these daring Frenchun'U hadexjilorcd that portion of Howard
county lying contiguous to the Missouri river, even prior to the year
ISOi..', there can be no doulit ; that tiiere existed within the |n-esent
limits of the county a trading post, for several years before its settle-
ment proper, there can be no doubt. The names of the streams, such
as Bonne Femme, Moniteau, etc., attest the fact that they were of
French origin, and had been seen and named by the French pioneers.
Levens and Diake, in their condensed but carefully prej)arcd his-
tory of Cooper count}', say : " While Nash and his companions were
in Howard county (1804), they visited Barclay's and Boone's Licks,
also a tradini: post situated about two miles northwest of Old Frank-
lin, kept by a white man liy the name of Prewitt. The existence of
this trading jiost, and the fact that 'Barclay's and Boone's Licks'
had already received their name- fioni the white i)crsons who \isitL'd
them, show conclusively that this jjortion of the country had been
explored, even before this, by Americans. But no history mentions
this trading post, nor does any give the name of Prewitt; hence, we
are unable to determine when he came to the Boone's Lick country,
how long he renuiined, and where he went ; he evidently left before
the year 1808, as Benjamin Cooper, who moved to Howard county in
that year, said there was then no settlement in this part of the state."
Boone's Lick, fi*om which this region of country took its name, is sit-
uated about eight miles northwest of New Franklin, in Boone's Lick
township, on section 4,-T. 49, IJ. 17, on land owned bv William N.
Marshall. This place was visited by D.miel Boone at an early date, —
in&lOKV OF HOWAKD AM) CHAliUON COUNTIES. 8^)
United States, as well as tho country ;il.)oiit tii" inmiti)^ of th'- Mi>-sU-
sippi river. Tliey came iiUo the up|iei- Mis>i.-?sippi and Mi.<ri(niri
va.ilejs in ITtM, under tlie lead ol Pierre Laclede Ligucst, wlio ladd
a cliarter tVoui the Fiench government, giving iiini tlie exelusivii right
of trade witli llie liulians in all the country a* tar north a.-i St. Peter's
river. Ijucledo estaldished liis ccdonv in St. Louis in l7tJ4, and Ifom
this point they immediate]}- hegan tlieir trading and trapping excur-
sions into the unbroken v.-ikierne^s. /i'lieir inciliod of proceeding was
to penetrate into the interior and establisii small local posts for iratl-
ing with the Indians, whence the trappers and hunters were outfitted
and sent out into the adjacent woods. In this way, the count r\- west
and northwest of St. Louis v^as traversed and explored at a very
early day, as far we^t as the Kocky mountains. Put of the extent of
their ojjerations, but little has iieon recorded; hence, but little is
known of the posts established by them.
That these daring Frenchmen had ex[dored tliat portion of Howard
county lying contiguous to the ^li^souii riser, even prior to tlie vear
ISOiJ, there can be no doubt ; that there exi^led within the pre-ent
limits of the county a trading post, for several years before its settle-
ment proper, there can be no doubt. The names of the streatns, such
as Bonne Femme, Moniteau, etc., attest the fact that they were of
French origin, and had been seen and named b}' the French pioneers.
Levens and Diake, in their condensed but carefully prepared his-
tory of Cooper count}', say: " AV'hile Nash and his companions were
in Howard count} (180-4), they visited Barclay's and Boone's Lick.s,
also a trading post situated about two miles northwest of Old Frank-
lin, kept by a white man l)y the name of Prewitt. The existence of
this trading ])ost, and the fact rhat 'Barclay's and Boone's Licks'
had already received their names from the white iiersmis who \i-;ited
them, show conclusively that this portion of the country had been
explored, even be!\)re this, by Americairs. But no hi>tory mentions
this trading post, nor does any give the name of Prewitt; hence, we
are unable to determine when he came to the Boone's Lick country,
how long he remained, and where he went; he evidently left before
the year 1808, as Benjamin Cooper, who moved to Howard county in
that year, said there was then no settlement in this part of the state."
Boone's Lick, from which this region of country took its name, is sit-
uated about eight miles northwest of New Franklin, in Boone's Lick
township, on section 4,-T. 49, IL 17, on land owned by William N.
Marshall. This place was visited by Daniel Boone at an early date, —
HISTORY (>!■■ ItOWAIcD AND CHAIUTOX COUNTIES. 91
next day :it Harchiv's Lick, which hr ilid, hriniz-ini;' the coniiiass with
liiiu, thu^ [JTOving, hcvdiul a <_loul)t, tiiat hu had vi-iled the eouiitiy
l)etbre.
Lewis and Chirke, on tlieir e.\]il(irinir cxpt.'dition across the Rocky
rioiinttiii;-:. :ind (hr.vii (ho Cohinihia rivc-r to the Pacific ocean, arrived
at t!ie nioiUli of the hSnnnc Fcmme, in Howard count\', on the 71 !i
d.!V of June, IS'^ll, and camped for the night. "When tlioy arrivi>d at
the month of tiie •' Big ^]oIute;ul creek," they found a point of rocks
coveieil -svith liicroglypliic paintings, bnt the large nnmljcr of rattle-
snakes, ■which they fonnd there, prevented a close examination of the
phice. Continning their way up the river, they arrived at the month
of the Lamine on tiie 8ih of the same month, and on tlie IHli at
Arrow liock.
When the}' relnrnod frfmi their journey in 180o, after having
successfully accomiili>hed all the ohjei-ts tor which they were sent out,
they passed down the Missouri river, tuid candied, on the 18th of
September, in Hov.ard county, oppositi^ to the month of the La Mine
ri\ei. Ami, as they jouniex'cd down the river on that tlay. they
mast have passed the i)resent site of r.oonvillc and Franklin eai'ly on
the morning of the 19th of September, 1801).
The next evidence we have of any white persons being in the
Boone's Lick country, is the following: —
lu 1807, Nathan and Daniel ]\L Koone, sons of old Daniel Boone,
who lived with tltcir father- in what is now St. Charles county, about
twenty-tlve miles west of the city of St. Charles, on the Femme Osage
creek, came up the Misscniri river and manufactured salt at Boone's
Lick, in Howard county. After they had manufactured a considera-
ble amount, they shi[)ped it down tlie river to St. Louis, where they
sold it. It is thouglit by many that this was the first instance of salt
being luanufactured in what was at that time a part of the territory
of Louisiana, now the state of Missouri. Though soon after, salt was
manufactured in large quantities — "salt licks'" being disco%ercdin
many parts of the state. Although these were the first white persons
who renuiined for any length of time in the Boone's Lick country,
they were not permanent settlers, as they only came to make salt,
and left as soon as they had tinished.
Previous to the year 1808, everv white American who came to
the Boone's Lick country, came with the intention of only remair.ing
there a short time. Three parties had entered it while on ex[)loring
and surveying expeditions ; two parties had been to its tine salt licks
92 HISTOKY OF HOWAUD AM) CIJAIUTON COLNTiKS.
to make salt; :ind, no doubt, niitiiv oi' the lulventiuoi!?^ >.etllcr> livinir
in the eastciii part oi" this state, had often, on their hunting e\|HHli-
tions, pieived the trackless forest to the Boone's Liek country : but.
of course, tliere is no record of these, lience, those expeditions of
whieii tiiere is a i-eeord, are jil^eed as being the fir?t to this part of
the country, wlicn. in reality, they may not be.
But in 18<I8, in the spring, orie adventurous s[)irit determined to
forsake what apj.eared to him to be the too thickly settled portion of
the state, and nio\e firtiier west to the more pleasant solitudes of the
uninhabited lurt>t. In the sjiring of that year, Colonel Benjamin
Cooper and his family, consisting of his wil'e and five sons, nu.)^•ed to
the Boone's Lick country, and located in what is now Howard county,
about two miles south west of Boone's Liek, in the ^lissouri river
bottom. Here he built hiin a cabin, cleared u piece of ground, and
commenced arrangements to make a permanent settlement at that
place. But he was not permitted to remain long at his new liome.
Governor Merriwether Lewis, at that time governor of the territory,
issued an order dir^eting him to iclurn below the moutii of the Gas-
conade river, as he was so far advanced into the Indian country, and
so far away I'rorn protection, that in case of an Indian ^var he would
be unable to protect him. So he returned to Loutrc islund, about
four miles south of the Gasconade river, where he remained until the
year 1810.
The rich territory, however, was not destined to be left foiever
to the reign of wild beasts and savage Indians. Aside from the fact
that the chai-acter of the men of the early days caused them contin-
ually to revolt against living in thickly settled connnunities, the
Boone's Lick country presented advantages, which those seeking a
home where they could tind the richest ol' lands and the most health-
ful of climate, could not, and did not, fail to perceive. Its fertile soil
promised, with little labor, the most abundant harvests. Its f irests
were filled with every variety of game, am.l its streams with all kinds
of fish. I.- it a wonder, then, that those seeking honns where these
thiug:^ could tie fcnmd, should select and settle first the rich lands of
Cooper and Howard counties, risking all the dangers I'roni the
Indians, who lived in great numliers close around them':' Two years
after the settlement of Benjamin Cooper, and his removal to Loutre
island, the first lasting settlement was made in the Boone's Lick
country, and this p^arty was but the forerunner of many others, wlio
soon followed, and in little more tluui one-half of a ceuitirv, have
JIISTOnV or HOWAUD AM> CUVKITOX COUM'IKS.
UrR-klv ^cttl^'d oiif oftlic viclicst ;iii(.l ino-^t attruelive parts of the ^l:lto
of Missouri.
The- ii:.iuo> ot'lhc partic- ulio settled north of tlie river, in ll.ow-
ard county, n\ ere :
Fruiu ^Iadis(>n County, Ky. : —
Lieut .-Col. lienjaniiii Coojter.
Francis Cooper.
A\'illiani Cooper.
Daniel Cooi)er.
Jolin Cooi)er.
Ca|)t. Sar>liall Coo|)ei .
Rraxtou Cooiier, Sr.
Joseph Ciuiper.
Slt:|)hen Cooper. -
liraxlon Cooper, ,lr.
llMl.ert C.w.'per.
•lauH's Ilaneoek
Alliert Hancock.
^\■ill:aul iK'rry.
Fj'oni Estill County, Ky.
Amos A>licratl.
(^iho Aslicraft.
John Berry.
Kolierl Krwin.
Robert Ilrowu.
Joseph Wolfskin.
William 'J'horp.
John Thorp.
Josiah Thorp.
James Thorp.
Gil cad Ru[ie.,
James Jones.
John Peak.
William Wolfskin.
Adam Woods."
Jes.-n A-^hcraft.
.lames Alexantk'r.
From 'J'enncsset
Juhn Ferrell.
llenrv Ferrell.
Robert lla
]'"rom ^"ir^lnia : — James Kile.
l^'oni South Carolina; — Cirav B^nnm.
I'rom Geoi'a'ia : — Stei)hen Jackson.
From Stc. Cienevieve : — Peter Popincau.
Previous Residence Unknown: —
John Bu.-hy. Miildletown Anderson.
James Anderson. William Anderson.
'J'lie women hclongini;- to these families did not arrive until the
following July or Auu'ust. We tlo not pretend to say these men
were all of the early settlers who came in FSUI. There were, [>er-
liaps, a few otlicrs, hut the names we have iriven embrace ncarl\' tlie
94
lll>J01.y IJF llO\\Ai;i> AM) CHAIUTON (.OLNTIl^ .
entire imiiihcr who ciiiigratol in llie (.■uluiiv with Colonel .lienjainiu
Cooper, in the Npring of that year. Alter their arrival in tliis " hind
of p!-oini>e, " they iminediately heiiaii the ereetiou of their hoiLse?. all
of which v.'crn siui^le or. double log eaijin.s, and to prejiare for fanning
hy clearing and leueing small ''palehes" (A' ground. Asa gX'nerai
thing, they suttled in and near the JNIissouri river hottoni. Thev
knew that the e(uni!r\' was Inll nt' Indian*, and that, these weie liaMe
at any time lo i.iegin their murji^rous assaults upon the v.'hite-, henee,
they loeated in neiulilxirhoods, where, in ease of danger, the\ etmld
render each other timely aid. That portitni of Howard count}', wiii.-h
is now emlu'aeed in Fi'anklin and Boone's Liek townships, \va3 tiie
first settled.
\Vlien the settlers first iMnie to this county, wild game of all
kinds wa.s very abundant, and .-(/ tame as not to !)e easily frightened
at the ap|)roach of while m(.'n. This game furnished the settlers with
all their uieat, and, in t;;et, with all the provisions they used, for
most of the time, they had but lilMe else than meat. There \vcre
large numbers of deer, turkeys, elk, and other large animals, and, to
Use the expression of an old settler, " they could be killed as easily
as sheep are now killed in our iia-lui'cs." 'i'he settlers s[ient most of
their time in hunting and lishing. as it was no use to i)!;int crops to
lie ilestroyed b} wild game. Snndl game, such as squirrels, raljluts,
partridges, etc., swarmed arcuind the home-; of the frontii'r^men in
such numbers that when they did attempt to I'aise a crop of an\'
kind, in order to save a part of it, ihey were fon-ed to kill them in'
large numbers.
Not only were the settlers and their families thus well provi'.led with
food by nature, but aUo their animals were furnished with evcr\thing
necessary to their well being. The range was so good during the
whole year, that their stock lived without being tV'd by their owners.
Even when the grounil was covered with sn<iw, t he animals, t:iu^ht
by instinct, would in a few minntes [law from under the snow ••noiigh
tirass to last them all day. 'I'iieir only u<e t)f corn, of which thev
planted very little, was to make bread, and bread made of corn was
the only kind they ever had.
I)uringthe two siU'ccedingyears ( ISll and 181-2 ), ipiite a number
of emigrants had taken u[) their line of nnu'cli I'or the Booni''s Liek
country. Many of these included families of wealth, culture, and re-
tiuement, wdio left theii' well fnrni.-li(.'i.l Inunes and life-long tVicnds in
the east, to take uj) their abode among the -ravages and wild beasts of
the western wilderness. Scai'ccly, however, had they reai.'lu'd their
HI.-STOP.y OF HOWAKU AM) CHAUITON COKNTIKS. i}^!
destinatiuii, -.vlieii they hean! the ilim imittcring^ which Ibicshiulowed
a long and Idood}' conflict with tlie Indians, who hud l)een induced hy
the emiisarlos ot' the Biitish guvcrnment to unite witli Great Britain
in her atteojpt to defeat th.e United States of America.
OLD Sr.rTLKUS KKIXl' iOKTS.
Beinii' t'uUy cosvinccd that the Indians were making' prej\U';itions
to attack the .settlements along the Missouri river, thc'V determined to
he ready to receive them propeiiy whiMi they did appe;:r, and to this
end, began tlie erection of three forts in Howard county, bearing' tlie
names respectively, of Fort Cooper, Fort Hempstead, and Fori Ivin-
caid. Fort Cooper v.'as h'cated ai)oiit two miles southwest of Boone's
Lick. Fort Kincaid was east southeast, about nine miles distant,
and about one mile noitli of the present Boonville railroad bridge.
Fort Hempstead was about one and a half miles north of Fort Kin-
caid. Each fort was a series of log hous(>~, built together around an
enclo-^ure. In e:\rh house lived a faniiU'/and the stock was corralcd,
;'.nd the pv'jiertv of the settlers secured at night in the enclosure.
There were other sujaller forts, Ijut the abo\e were the most important.
Immediately after the erection of these torts, the piuuvcrs organized
themselves into a military company, with Sarshall Cooper as captain ;
tir^t lieutenant, '\Vi'diam }ilcMahon ; second lieuten:'.nt , John Monroe ;
ensign, Benjamin Cooper, Jr.
SEUGr.ANTS.
1st. John McMurray. •Ith. Davis Todd.
2d. Samuel Mcilahan. 5th. John Mathis.
od. Adam AN'ood,^.
coi;i'Oi:als.
Ibt. Andrew Smith. 4th. John Busby.
:?d. 'i'homa- Vaughan. 5th. Ja.mes Barnes,
od. James McMahan. 6th. Jesse Ashcrat't.
The above were the otKixn's chosen by their comrader^ a.nd neigh-
bors, to comnuuid the coni[iany, \vhich consisted of 112 men, who
were a'de to ijear arms. The following list compi'ises all the men
and b-ivs who were in the ditferent forts : —
foi;t coopku.
James Ale.\ander. Frederick Hyatt.
James Anderson. Kobert Irvine.
Middleton Ander-on. Daviil Jones.
i)G HI.TORT OF UOWAKD AND ( HAniTON rOLXTIKS.
William Anderson. 'Tohn Jones.
GiMV Bvn.un. '^esse -lones
.lohn BusV.v. George Jackson.
Robert Brmvn. Stephen Jackson.
S:.muelBmu„. James Jackson
l>,eniamin Cooper. Samuel McMahan.
Marshall Cooper. Thomas MeMahan.
Frank Cooper. James MeMahan.
William Cooper. William MeMahan.
David Cooper. John O'Baiinon.
John Cooper. Thomas O'Bannon.
Braxton Cooper. Judi^^h Osmond.
Joseph Cooper. Samuel Perry.
Stephen Cooper. William Bead.
■>u.
Bobert Cooper. Benoni Sappmgt
Henlv Cooper. J^h'' Sappiugton.
Patri'ek Cor.per. J='i»p^ Sappington.
,lesso Cox. Daniel Tillman.
Solomon Cox. J«l"i Thorp.
JohnFerrill. William Thorp.
Henry Ferrill. Samuel Turley.
Kdv.ardGood. Stephen Turley.
Harmon Gre^-.-. Ezekiel Williams.
William Grea^. Thomas Wasson.
David Gre-g. J"^"^'^ "^^ ''"*""•
Robert Heath. Adam '\^ of,ds.
Robert Hancock. William Wolt<kili.
Abbott Hancock. Joseph ^^ .dtskill.
Josiah Higgins. William WolfskiU, Ji
Kor.r HKMl'STKAP.
Georo-e Alcorn. WiHiam Grooms.
James Alcorn. Alfred Head.
William Allen. Moses Head.
John Arnold. Ro»>"t T^n'l^son.
Price Arnold. 'T"^i" J'"""^'-
Joseph Austin. - James Jones.
John Austi>.. AbnerJohn>on.
Robert Ai.>tin. Noah Kate ^v.
AVilliam Baxter. Joseph .McLane.
HISTORY OF HOWAK!) AND CllAKlTO.N COU^TIKS.
John ]5uiry.
William Berry.
Duvivl ]-5oggs.
Joseph Bogirs.
Muke Buxr"
Joseph Boyers.
liobert Brown.
Siimiiel Brown.
Willi:! ni Brown.
Townsend Brown.
Christopher Brown.
Christopher Burckhartt.
Nicholas S. Burckhartt.
Andrew Carson.
Lindsay Carson (father of Kit
Carson).
Moses Carson.
Charles Canole.
^\'illianl Canole.
Isaac Clark.
Joseph Cooiey.
James Cooiey.
Ferrin Cooiey.
Braxton Cooper, Jr.
James Cockrell.
Thomas Chandler.
James Creason.
John Creason.
Peter Creason.
William Creason.
Daniel Crump.
Harper Davis.
James Douglas.
Daniel Durbin.
John Elliott.
Braxton Fugate.
Hiram Fugate.
Keuben Fugate.
Sarshall Fugate.
Simeon Fugate.
Reuben Geritrv.
Ewing INkLane.
DavidMcQuitly.
William Monroe (called Lmu
Gun).
Joseph IMoodv.
Susan Mullens.
Thompson ^Mullens.
John Peak.
William Pipes.
Michael Poage.
Eobert Poage.
Joseph Poage.
Christopher Iiichardson.
Jesse Eichardson.
James Richardson.
Silas Richardson.
John Rupe.
Henr}' Simmons.
Reuljen Smith.
Andrew Smith.
Thomas Smitli.
John Snethan.
James Snethan.
Joseph Still.
John Stinson.
Kathan Teague.
Solomon Teters.
David Teters.
John Teters.
Isaac Thornton.
John Thornton.
Davis Todd.
ElishaTodd.
Jonathan Todd.
Levi Todd.
James Turner.
Philip Turner.
Jesse Turner.
Thomas Vaughan.
Robert Wilds.
William Wadkins.
98 HIsTOUY OF IIOV.ARD AND CHARITOX COUNTIKS.
Siimuol Gihhs. James ^MiitKw.
Ahner Grooms. Benjannu Yomig.
John Glooms. John Yarnoll.
TOUT KIXCAID.
Amo6 Ashcraft. Eiisebins Huhbard.
Jesse Ashcraft. Joseph Jolly.
Otho Ashcraft. David Kin-aid.,
Amos Barnes. Matthew Kincaid.
Aquilla Barnes. John Kincaid.
Abraham Barnes. John jMcMurray.
James Barnes. Adam ]McCord.
John Barnes. Daniel Monroe.
Sliadracli Barnes. John Monroe.
Robert Barcla}'. John Mathis.
Francis Benv. "William Nash.
Campbell Bolen. John Pursley.
Deiany Boien. William IJidgc^va^'.
"Wi'iiani Brazd. William Robertson.
David Bnrris. Edward Rol^ertson.
Henry Burr is. Gilead Ifupe.
Reuben Cornelius. Enoch Taylor.
Pryor Duncan. Isaac Taylor.
Stephen Fields. William Taylor.
John Fields. Enoch Turner.
Cornelius Gooch. Giles Williams.
Thomas Gray. Britton Williams.
John Hines. Francis Wood.
Daniel Hubbard. Henrj' Weeden.
Asaph Hubbard.
Li'e in the forts was not one of idleness and ease. It was one of
vigilance and activity for two or three years. The settlers were de-
prived of many of the comforts and pleasures which are enjoved by
the people of to-day. They had but little labor-saving machinery,
and what they had was imperfect aiul inetHcient. School was taught,
and religious services were held in the forts. The forts were also
supplied with mills and looms. The tirst cog-wheel horse-mill
erected in the county was at Fort Kincaid in 1815 ; the next one ^vas
put up at Fort Hempstead. After the Indian troubles were over,
l^eople came twenty miles to these mills. The first cloth made in
HISTOHV OK irOWAKO AND CHAUITOX CiUNTIK.-*. W
the rniinty (in the i'orts) wiis ninmit'iictured from :i jioisonous plant,
wliifli \v;is indiLiiMiou^ lo the (.•oimtry, and known as tlie nettle, Avliieli
wa? covered with sharp, liritlie liair.--. Tliis chitb ^\•as used for pants
and shirts for summer wear. In tlie winter, hnckskin hunting-shirts
and p:!iit« were worn.
The low Hats aloni;' tlie liver, ereeks and branches ^verc covered
with a thick growth <if nettles about three feet liigh, sonsctimcs stand-
ing in patches of twenty acres or more. These were permitted to
remain standing until they became decayed in the winter, when tliev
were gathered. They were then broken up, spun into long strings,
and woven into cloth, from which the garments were made. This
would be a very tedious job at the present day, when a lady"s dress
requires from twenty to thirty yards of cloth ; but in those old times
live or six yards was as much as was ever put into a dross. Little
cluldren usually \\-ore a long leathern shirt over tiieir tow shirt. For
sevei-al years during the eai'ly settlement of this country, the men
and women wore garments made onl of tiie sauje kind of material.
The first dry goods were sold by lloliert jlorris, at the.forls, in 1815.
Th.' rmniber of men, as we have already stated, aide to hear arms,
was 112. which represented a popiilation of between 500 and 600, who
were then living within the present limits of Howard count}'. A few,
pcrha[)s, had returned to their former homes, or had moved further
down the river in the direction of Loutre island and St. Louis, u]ioi)
the eve of the anticipated Indian hostilities, but the great majorit}' of
the pioneers, had come to stay, and not a few of these attested their
devotion to their new found homes by the sacritice of their property
and their lives to the cupidity and ferocity of savage foes.
C II AFTER ir.
What Treated of in Preceding Chapter — This Chapter — The AVar Clouds — Indians —
First Victims — Jnmes Cole and James Davis Sent on ScoutinLj Expedition — Summer
of 1812 — Campbell Killed b_v Indians — Colonel Benjamin Cooper and Genera!
Dodge — Spring of 1813 — Killing of Braxton Cooper — Joseph Still —AYilliam
McLane — Captain Sarshall Cooper — Joe — -Peace.
Ill the preceding chaptei-, we attempted to tr;ire the e:>.rly hi-^tory
of that portion of the Boone's Liek eouutry, now known as Howard
county. We began with tiie date of the coining of the earliest adven-
turer of whom any hi^^torv makes mention; we si)oke of the tir-;t
settlements, giving tiie names of the earliest pioneers, and tlioir
former 7'e?idenecs : of their attempt to prepare for living in the west-
ern wilds, during the two years that followed their ari'ival ; of tlieir
building forts, and ot their taking possession of these with their fam-
ilies, their goods, and their chattels.
It is now our province, as a historian, to relate in chronological
ord( r as nearly as wo can, the events that followed, which, if I mis-
lake not, will constitute one of the saddest, 3'et brightest chapters in
the history of Howard county. It will be the saddest, because it will
tell of arson, of plunder, of butchery, and of that merciless mode of
warfare to which the cunning :^avage was so well adapted, and in
which he was so well skilled. It will be the brightest, because it will
tell of deeds of noble daring, of tidelity to duty, and the final
triumph of those who were immured for three long years within the
narrow limits of their beleaguered forts.
In the sjiring of 1812, the war clouds which had hitherto given
every indication of the coming storm, had at length uufurled tlieir
black banners in every part of the political sky. Great Britain had
again " loosed her dogs of war," and with gigantic strides, was at-
tempting to trample upon the most sacred rights of a free people.
Calling to her aid, in the war against the American colonies, the hire-
ling Hessian, she now inspired the blood-thirsty savage to espou se her
cause against the unprotected whites, who were then dwelling upon
the extreme frontier of the great west. These hostile Indians began
their work of deatli in the spring of 1S12, and were mostly Sacs and
Foxes, Kickapoos and I'ottawatomies.
HlS^TOKY Ol' IIOWAIM) AM) CllAKlTON COLNTIKS. 101
Thciv drst viclinis in the Boone's liick country, were Jonathan
Todd and Thomas Smith, who were living at tlie time in Fort Hemp-
stead, hut iiad gone (hj\vii the river to '.unit ;i stray liorse, whieh liad
escaped tVom the t'oi t. While iii)on their errantl the Indians attacked
theiii, not far from the present line between Howard and Boone
counties, near Thrall's pi-airic, and after a long struggle, in which
several Indians were killed, Todd and Smith were slain. The. savages,
after killing them, cut oft' their heads and cut out tlieir hearts, an. I
placed them by the side of the road on poles.
As soiMi as the news of the killing of Todd and Smith was
brongh.t to the fort, a party of men started out to get their bodies.
After they had gone several miles, tlie}- captured an Indian wari'ior,
who seemed to be walching their movements, and siailed to take him
to the fort alive, in order to get information from him. As they
returned after tinding the bodies of the settlers, and when they
arrived within two miles of the fort, the Indian prisoner suddenly
broke au-ay from them and attempted to escape. The settlers pur-
sued him about one-half of a mile, when, finding they coubl not over-
ti'ke him and capture him alive, they shot him, killing him instantly.
Immediately after the killing of Todd and Smith, the settlers
living on both sides of the Missouri river, being desirous of finding
out the true state of affairs, sent out James Cole and James Davis on
a scouting expedition,, to see whether or not the Indians were really
upon the warpath. Alter looking around for some time, and lujt being
able to hear anything of the plan.s of the savages, they were jtrejiar-
ing to return to the fori, when they discovered a large band of In-
dians in i)ursuit of them, and directly between them and the fort, in
which v,"ere their faniilies and their friends, uncoU'^cious of their
danger.
As retreat to the fort was cut ofl", and they could not withstand
the attack of the large body of Indians in the open woods, they
started for what was then called Johnson's factor}', a trading poNt
kept by a man named Johnson ; it was situated on the Moniteau
creek, in what is now Moniteau county, about two hundred yards
from the Missouri river. They reached the tactory that afternoon,
and the Indians iniiuediately surrounded the place. As Cole and
Davis kne\v their friends at the differenl forts would fall an easy I'r.'V
to the savages, if not warned of their danger in time to prepare foi-
the attack, which they seemed certain to make upon the fort, the
hardy rangers determined, at all hazards, to escape and liear the
tidings to them. But here the main difHculty presented itself'. As
)fTSTonY or iio\vAKn and chauitox cotNTir.s.
loiiL' its ihoy reiu-iiufMl at the tnullng post, tiicy vo-re iiiu- I'roiii tlie
sliots of the enemv ; hut as soon a.^ they ]ct\ that prutectioii, llicy
])elieved thev would l>e slain.
But kno\vin<: tlio inmiinent daniiei- of their families and friends,
thev resolved to make a desperate eiVort to reaeh them. So at 12
o'clock that night, they took up a plaidc from the floor of the "fac-
tory," reached the creek, and tinding a canoe, floated do«i\ to the
river. Just us thev reached the river, an nnlncky stroke of the
paddle against the side of the canoe, discovered them to the Indians,
who started in pursuit of them in canoes. They pursued the settlers
to Big Lick, now in Cooper county, where, being .closely pressed.
Cole and Davis turned, and each killed an Indian. The Indians then
left oil' puisnit, and the two men reached Cole's fort in safety, to
announce to tlie settlers that they ^\ere indeed on tlie verge of a long
and bloody war. From there the melancholy tidings were conveved
to the otht-r forts, and tilled the hearls of the settlers with dismay, as
they considered how feu- of them thrre were, to wiilistand the attacks
of the whole of the Indi.iu nation.-, living around them.
In July, 181 "2, some Quapa Indians, disguised as Banks and
Foxes, killed a man named Campbell — commonly called " Potter,'"
from his traiie — about five miles northwest of Boonville, in
Howard county, umler the following circumstances: Ho and a man
named A lam McCord, went from Kiucaid's fort to Campbell's
home, at the above mentioned place, to tie some flax, which they had
been forced to leave longer than they ^vished, through fear of an
attack l>y the Indians. While tlun^ were at work they discovered
moccasin tracks around the farm, as though a party of Indians were
watching them and seeking a favorable opportunity to slay them. So
they started around to see if they had injured anything. While they
were searching for them, the savages, who ■were concealed in some
underbrush, fired upon the party, and shot Campbell through the
body, killing him almost instantly, but he ran about one hundred
yards, climbed a fence, and fell into the top of a tree which had
blown down, and the Indians, though they hunted for his body, never
succeeded in finding it. Adam McCord escaped without injury, and
going to the fort, reported the death of Campljell, and the circum-
stances under which he was kille<l.
Immediately upon his arrival. Colonel Benjamin Cooper and
General Dodge, with a company of about five hundred men, comjiosed
of frontiersmen and regular soldiers, started in pursuit of the Indians,
who numbered one hundred and eiuhtv. The Indians, not being able
HISTORY OF HOWAUD AND f'liAUITOX COlXrii:s. 1 Oj
t(i ro-cfoss Uio I'ivcr, liircw up breastworks in order to rcpol tlir
:i!tafk of the soldiers. \Vhcn Cooper and Dod^e appearcil before tiie
iutrencbmciit-~, llie Indians, after sonio parley, surrendered thenisclvefi
as prisoners of war.
Aflcr tlie Indians liad surrendered, Colonel Cooper and General
Dodge had their memorable quarrel in rcga.rd to the disposal ot' tiie
prisoners. Colonel Cooper insisted, that rdthough they hud .-nrreu-
dered as prisoners of w.w, they, as the murdci'ers of Campbell, were
not entitled to proteelion, and, in aeeordance with a long established
custom of the ■western eountry, they should all lie hung. But Gen-
eral Dodge insisted that as they had surrendered to him, he, being
the superior officer, they wei'e entitled to his protection. So fiercely
did they quarrel, that at one time the two forces (Cooper commanded
the froutioi-smen and Dodge the regulars ) came very near having a
fight in order to settle the controversy. Finally a peaceful disposi-
tion of tiie matter was made, by General Dodge being pcrniitted to
take the prisonei-s to 8t. Loui.-.
In the spring of 1813, not having seen any signs of Indians for
alioul three i.iontl'S, and being desirous of raising crops during that
year, as they had failed the year before, many of the settlers returned
to their farms, Init in order to be advised of the approach of an en-
emy, they stationed a guard at each corner of the tield in -which they
were at work.
During the following two or three years the}' were kept continu-
ally on the watch against the savages, for every month or two, some
small band of Indians would suddenly attack and slay some unsus-
pecting settler, who had for the nnjnient forgotten his usual caution,
or who, feeling socuvc from attack becatise the Indians had not ap-
peared for some time, sulfered this severe penally for bis negligence.
The Indians, never after this, marched a large i)and against these set-
tlements, but cnme in small scouting parties, the members of which
had only sufficient courage to shoot down some unsuspecting man, or
murder unprotected women and children. They never, except in
overwhelming numbers, and then ver}' seldom, made an open attack
upon even a lone farm-house, but stealing up in the darkness of the
night, they would set fire to the house, and slay the inmates as they'
rushed from their burning dwelling; or as in the case of the killing
of Sarshall Cooper, shoot the dreaded enemy of tlicir race as he sat
in the midst of his -family.
Is it any wonder, in view of these facts, that when an Indian was
captured, it was not many minutes before his lifeless body would be
10-1 hi?t<>i:y or uowakd and chakiton counties.
lian^iiig from tlio lu-ait-st l.ough? After :ill ilu'ir treachery, woe to
the"s:iv;ige who fell into the vengeful hamli of the settler.-i, for they
would make short work of hiai ; an.l they knew they were iu:^tifled ii)
doing this, for they acted only in self-defence.
Braxton trooper, Jr., wa^ killed two miles northeast of the pres-
ent site of-New Franklin, in September, 1S13. The Indian.- attacked
him as he was cutting logs to build :i liouse. A- he was well armed
and a very courageous man, they had a long struggle before the In-
dians succeeded in killing him. The brokeii l)ushes and niarks upon
the ground showed that the struggle had been very fierce. The set-
tlers'who first ai-rlved to take away the body of Cooper, found an In-
dian's shirt which had two bullet holes in the breast of it, but whether
the Indian died they never knew. They followed the trail of the In-
dians for a short dis.tance, but soon lost it, and were forced to abandon
the pursuit.
Joseph Stiil was killed on the Chariton river, in Oetoiier, 1613,
but the eircumstiuices attendiiig his killing are unknown.
William McLane was killed by the Indians near the present site
uf Fa-elte, in October, 1813, un<ler the following circumstances:
He, Ewing McLane, and four other men, went from McLane"s fort to
select a piece of land on which some one of them expected to settle.
^Yhen they arrived at a short distance southwest of the present site
of Fayette tliev were attacked by a band of about one hur.dred and
tiftv Indians. As soon as ;McLane and his companions saw them,
they retreated tosvards the fort, and just a., they were ascending a
slant from a long, deep ravine leading to Moniteau creek, the In-
dians fired a volley at them. One shot struck AViUiam McLane in the
back of the head, and he dropped dead from his horse. After satisfying
themselves thai he was dead, his remaining comi)anions let! his body
and continued their retreat to the fort, which they reached in safety.
The Indians scalped McLane, cut out his heart, and literally hacked
hini to pieces. As soon as possible a large party of settlers started
out to recover his body, and, if possible, to avenge his death: but
they found that the Indians had retreated, and left no trace of the di-
rection which they had taken. From the cleared place around the
body, and the beaten appearance of the earth near, it was .<ui)po-ed
that the Indians had, in accordance with their custom, danced then-
"war dance" there to celebrate tlieir victmy. After getting the
body they returned sorrowfully to the fort.
Of the many murders committed during the war, none e.\cited :.<>
much feelinn or caused such a cry of vengeance in the hiarts of the
iiisToin' OK HO«.vi;i) and niAiurox colxtii'-S. 1i)5
}VontiiTsiiifn :ih; (lio tra!::;ie death of Ca))t;uii Sarsliall Cciopcr, who was
the ai'knowlofliitMl loader of the settlers north of the Missouri river.
On a darl: a\id ^turmv iiiLrht on l!ie lltii day of April, 1814, .'is Cap-
t;un Cooper was sittint;' hy his fireside with his f;iinily, his youngest
child upon his lap, the orheis pla;>ing at different games around tb.e
room, and liis wife sitting In' his side sewing, an Indian warrior crept
up to the side of liis cabin and picked a hole between the logs just
sufHcient to admit the inuzzle of his gun, the noise of his work being
drowned by the storm without . lie shot Captain Cooi)er, \\'ho fell
from his chair to the floor, among his hori-in' stricken famih', ;i lifeless
cr)rpse His }io\vers and skill were well known to the Indians \\hom
hv' had often foiled. He \\-as kind and generous to his neighbors,
whom he Avas always ready to assist in any of their undertakings.
Therefore, his loss was deeply" fell l)y the settlers, whose Lcnnes lie
had defended and whoso prosperity- was due largely to his advice and
counsel. Joseph Cooper, in his letter to Colonel Xewton G. Elliott,
in January, 1S74, in speaking of the death of Captain Cooper, his
father, said: " ^Ve had taken a keel boat, from some Frenchmen,
\vlio were attempting to take it up the rivei' loa.ded with wliiske}',
ixiwd^r and It-'ad for the Indians. ^Ve tirst stojiju'd tliem and oi'dored
tlieni back : keeping watch the next night and the night fo!lo\ving,
wr ca\igbi t!ie;n in a second attemiit to jiass up the river, aiul took
the boat fVom them. 1 t'nnk one of this party killed my father, We
kept the keel boat and its cargo untouched for two or three years,
until jieace had Iieen nnide, and no one applied for if."
A negro man named Joe, belonging to Samuel Brown, of Howard
cf)unty, was killed by the Indians near ]\Ir. Burckhartt's farm , about
thre(;-fourths of a niile cast of EsfiU station, on the ^Missouri, Kansas
and Texas railroad.
The above embraces all the names of the men, of whom we ha\e
any record, who were killed in the Boone's Lick country during the
Indian war from ISli' to 181'). The ]ieculiar atrocities attending the
killing (if some of thcni, nnikc the stoutest shudder. But these
atrocities were so common in those days that the settlers did not fear
to remain here, although thev knew tliese things ini^ht hapiien to
them at any time.
I'or tlirc'c long years, had the settler's li\es been a <-onstant
vigil. Their savage foes were crafty and heartl(>ss, and they knew
that an}- remissness of duty upon their part would re-ull in the in-
lOG
msToiiV or iiowAJM) am> CHxiaroN coi'nties.
stantancous slauglitcr of ihcm.sL-lvcs, tlnir wives, ami tlieir little ones.
This Iieautiful Cdiiiitry to wliieh they had come, was toon, liowever,
to be put under trilmto to tiie [iluw and the haiTtiW, and the t-oft
wings of peace were to again overshadow it. Indeed, peace had al-
ready been declared, and they had entered upon the enjoymeiit of
thiit deliLi'itfiil era of which the poet speaks —
The trumpets s]eep, while cheerful horns are blown,
And arii:s employed on birds imd beasts alone.
CUA PTEK 111.
Territorial La\s's — Districts and Counties — Organiy.atiou of Ilowaid Coiir,ty —
Boundary — Countits which liave been tnlceu I'lum Howard — Its Origiaal Ar^a —
Gen. Beuj. Howard — Settlers Executed their own Laws — First Circuit Court —
Grand Jury — Attorneys — First Licensed Ferry — First Licensed Tavern — First
Road — Indict raeuts — Elections — Incidents — Kate of Taxation — Eavlv Suit —
First Recorded Deed — First Marriages — Old Fraulilin — Location of County
Seat — Land Otlice — Memoirs of Dr. Peck — Tlie First Newspaper — Arrival of
the First Steamboat-- Newspaper Coiniueuts — Dinner and Toasts — First
County Court.
TElUiJTORI.U. I,AW.s.
The territorial Imw.s were not e.xlended over this part ot'tlie country
until the 3'car ISIO. Until this time, they had no government or
l;'\vs oxeept .such as t'ley tlieniselves made t'or their own prt_)tettion,
and which, ol' course, had no effect outside ui' the hound:iries of tlieir
narrow lerritorv. With them, the single distinction wa.s between
right and wrong, and they had no inediuni ground. As the result
slious, they really noedeii no laws or e.xecufive othcers, for it is :i
well known fact, that during the early pei iod of this settlement there
were 110 serious crime; committed williin its limits. As the men each
depended upon the other, ant! knew that in time of attack by the
Indians their only safety lay in union, each endeavored to preserve the
gooil will of his neighbor, and, as the l)est way to oljtain the good
wishes and assistance of a man, is to act honestly and friendly with
him, each did this, and in this way they needed no law, except tlieir
own judgments. During tlie early period of the colony they ne\er
l:ud au}' occasion to punish any one under their law, which was an
unwritten one. Although 'tis true, some few crimes were committed,
(the nature of man has not entirely changed since then), yet they
were uniformly of .such a trivial character, as hardly to be worthy to
be classed as crimes.
Another reason of the almost entire freedom from crime, was the
certainty of punishment. Then there were no '• legal technicalities "'
by which a prisoner could escape. No sooner was the criminal caught
and his guilt established — no matter what his crime — than the law-
makers took the matter Into their own hands, and hung him to the
nearest tree.
li^'S lilSTOliY OF IUi\\Ai;[> AND CIIAKIION COI'NTIK;
I'ISTIMCTS AND COUNTIKS OP.i; AN IZATli )X OI' HOWARD (OUNTV.
From IsOl, until Octnljcr 1, 1812, the territory of Mis.soui'i \v;i>
ilivided into four districts. Aftiiat diitc (October 1, iyi2) governor
Clarli issued a proclauiation, in accordance with an act of Congress
requiring him to do so, reorganizing the four districts into tlie live
following counties: !St. ('harlcs, St. Loui,-, St. (.Teue\'ieve, Cajie
(■iirardeau and New Madiid. In 181.">, llic county ot' Washington
\vas created, from a part of St. Genevieve. In 1814, the cou^t^■ of
Arkansas was formed, and during liie winter of 1814 antl I8l5, the
county- (<{' Lawrence was organizetl from tin- western portion of New
Madrid. Under an act of the general assoml)ly, ajjproved Januarv lo,
181(5, the county of Howard was created, being the ninth organized
county in the territoiy% and was taker, out of the counties of St.
Louis an<! St. Charles.
It> bouiularirs when created, were established as follow?: " Ue-
ginniiig at the moutli of the 0-iage river, which is about ten mile.>
beh/w the cily of Jell'crson and opposite to the village of Barkesrviile
in Callaway county ; the boundary pursued the cirt'uitons course of
said stream to t'le Osage l)ouuiiary line, nic:ining tliereby the eastern
bouruar\' of the Osage Indian territory, or to the northeast corner
of \ ernon county, where the ()sagx- river, two miles east of the
present town of Scliell City, runs near said coruei' ; thence north
(along tli<- western line of .St. Clair. Ib'nry, John~;on and Ltifavette
counties), to the Missouri river, striking that stream wi^t of and
very near Najioleon ; thence up said river to the mouth of the Kansas
river ( where Kansas Cit\' is now located), thence with tlie Indian
boundary line (as desriijed in the proclamation of Gov. ^Villiam Ciark
issued the 9th day of March, 1S1.5,) northwardly along the eastei-n
boundary of the "Platte purchase" 140 miles, or to a point about
thirty-six mik'S north and within tin.' |)rc^ent coiuitv oi' Ad:un-,
in the state of Iowa, near the town of Corning in said couut\ ,
on the Burlington and Missouri river railroad ; thence ea-twaid with
the said line to the main dividing ridgu of high irround, to the main
fork of the river Cclar (wliicli is the line l)i'tweeu Boone and Calla-
way counties in Missouri) ; thence down said river to the Missouri;
thence down the river Missouri a'.id in thr miildle of the main cliamud
thereof, to the mouth of the (ireat ()->agc river, the place of begin-
nins."
HIvTOKV or TinWAlU) AM) CIIAinTOX COl'NTIKS. 1 OU
III order t!i:it tho rciulfr raiiy liave ;i nuire doliiiite ide;i of the area
of Ilowiird county when originally or^'anizod, we will name the
counties which liave since lieen taken from its territory, and which
svei-o at first a part i)f IIo\'.ard : — Boone, dde, north part of Miller,
Morgan, north ])arts of Benton ami St. Clair, Henry, Johnson,
Lafaye le, Pettis, Cooper. Monitean, Saline, Clay, Clinton, DcKalh,
Gentry, Worth, Harrison, Daviess, Caldwell, IJav, 'Jarroli, Livinu'sion,
Grund\ , Mercei-, I'uinam, Sullivan, Linn, Chariton, Eandoli)li, Macon,
Adair, and possihl}' pai'ts of Slieloy, ]\Ionroe and Audrain; also tlie
follf)\viiig couiitie.-r in Idwu : parts of Tayi(n- and Adanvs, Union, Ring-
gold, Clarke, Decatur and Wa^-ne, and prohahly parts of Lucas,
Monroe and Appanoose.
Altliongh we liave named the counties and parts of counties,
which originally constituted Howard county, yet a still more perfect
idea of its extent, may be formed, when we say that it was an em-
pire, presenting an area of nearly 22,000 squaie miles. It wa,s one
third as large as the present State of Missouri ami larger than Ver-
mont, Massacliusctls. Delaware and Rhode Island. Missouri, at that
time, had not heen admitted into the sisterhood of states. The most
prominent denizens who inhaliitcd this vast empire, out of whicii
Howard county was erected, were the Ijuflalo, the antelo[)e, the elk,
till dee ■, and the s -arcely less wild Indian, who continued to occui>v
some portions of it for many years thereafter.
By nu act of the legislature, approved Fehruary IG, 1825, Howard
count}' was reduced to its present limits, its boundary being defined
as follows : " Beginning in the middle of the main channel of the
Missouri river, opposite the month of Moyiitav civek ; thence up said
creek to the line between townshi[is 4S and 40 ; them-e
in a tliiect line to the northeast corner of towusliip 51, of raiiiic
14, west ; thence in a direct line to a point one and a half miies
we.st of the northeast corner of township 52, of range 17,
west ; thence in a direct line to a point in the middle of the
main channel of the Missom-i river, where the line between sections
17, and 20, township 51, range 17, west, intersects the
same, and thence down the same, in the middle of the
main chanuel thereof ( varving, however, it' necessary, so as to incii'.ih'
the tirst island below the city of Boonville) to place of beginning.
The area of the county having been reduced from 22,000 to 4ii.'5
square miles, it would seem to the casual reader that it had hetii
shorn of much of its power and iiithience, and that its present limits
were too insigniticant to t'urnish materials for the compilation fit an
9
110 HISTORY OF HOWAKU AND CHARITON COUNTIKS.
iiuiioi-tiuit liistofy. It imisL bo rcmciiiliored, liowcver, that the most
noted events in iiueient or modern times transpired within tlie smallest
territorial compass. It must also be borne in mind, that sixty-seven
years have passed since Howard county began its ]joiitieal existence,
atiording, therefore, ample time in which to make a histor}' and leave
to l)nsy chroniclers an abundant harvest of facts au<l incidents.
petti,1';rs exi:cutf:d tiif.iu own laws.
Previous to January 23, 181G, the settlers of this part of the conn-
try had maije tlioir own laws and executed them rigorously when oc-
casion demanded, which was very seldom. Although the eastern
portion of the State had lieen organized into counties, and the terri-
torial laws, by means of the territorial courts, hid been extended over
tiiem, still the '• Boone's Lick country " hail not been sufficiently
settled lo jusiify its organization and the expense of holding terms of
court within it< limits.
But even during the \va,r with the Indians the countr_y adjacent to
fill' forts was settled very rapidly, although t\'\\' ventured to locate, ex-
cept near enough to reach tlie fort at the first approach of danger.
So that, at the time of the organization of Howard county, it con-
tained a considerable number of settlers, although they lived in what
was then called " neighborhoods," so as to be of protection to one
another in times of danger from their savage foes.
FIKST CTIICL'IT couin'.
Tlie tirst circuit court of Howard count}' was held at tlie house of
Joseph Jolly, in Hannali Cole's fort, in what is now known a-. Cooper
conuty, on the 8tii day of July, ISli). Hon. David Barton was the
presiding judge, Nicholas T. Burckhartt the sheritl', and Gray Bynum
cltrk. The following named persons composed the first
GKAXI) JL'ltY.
Ste[)heii Jackson, foreman, George Tompkins,
Adam Woods, Sr., Isaac Drake,
Asaph Hubbard, Win. Anderson,
John Pusley, Samuel Brow n,
Kobert Wilds, Ezekiel Williams,
Davis Todd, Wm. Monroe, Jr.,
Will. Bro'wu, John O'Banon.
Robert Brown, James Alexander,
John Snetlian, jMuke Box.
m^^TORY OF HOWAKD AM> ClIArUTON COlN'TIEii. Ill
The .".ttorneys in iittciuiance Averc F.dwai'd Bates, Ciuis. Luoas.
Joshua Barton and Liichis Easton.
FIRST LICEX?KD FFCIUIY.
The tirst reguiarlj- established terry by law in the county v,-as
Kept by H.iunah Cole, who ol>tained a license at this term of the
court. The charges fixed b_y the court as feri'iagc were as follows : —
For man and horse . . .... $ .oO
Foot passengers, each ...... .2o
Single liorse and cattle, per head . . . . .'2[>
Each hog, sheep, goat or other four-footed animal . . .12 i-'^
All other articles, per 100 pounds .... .Ot! I'-i
Each loaded wagon and team of four horses or more, deduct-
ing 25c for each horse under four .... 4.00
For each emptv wagon and team (jf four horses, deducting
■25c for each horse under four ..... 3.00
Each loaded curt and team ...... 2.00
Empty cart and team . . . . . . .1.00
Sleds, sleighs and two-wheeled pleasure carriages, exclusive
of horse . . . . , . . . . .75
Four-wheel pleasure cari-iage, exclusive of horse . . 1.00
The first licensed tavern was kept by Harper C. Davis, in Kin-
caid fort.
FIRST KOAD.
The first road laid out In' authority of the court in the county
was a I'outc from Cole's fort, on the Missouri river, to intersect the
road from Potosi, in AVashington county, at the Osage river. Stejihen
Cole, James Cole and Humphrey Gibson were appointed vie^vers to
make thk- road.
INIIIC131ENTS.
The two first bills (criniiual actions) returned by the grand jury
were " United States vs. Samuel K.errall," '• United States vs. James
Cockrell," indorsed " A true bill."
ELECTIONS.
The first elections held in the county were held at IIea<l's fort,
McLain's fort. Fort Cooper and Cole's fort. The tirst civil action
was styled " Davis Todd vs. Joseph Boggs."
IXCIDENT.
During this term of court Maj. Stephen Cole was fined l)y Judge
112 IIISTOIIV Ol" IIOWAUO AM> CUAUITOX COUXriES.
I>:u-toii for profane ssvearing in tlic prc-jencc of the court. Colo
ol)jocted to paying the tine, Init, supi)osing tliat he would ije able to
roialiatc somctiiue in tho future, at hist paid it. And his time for
retaliation came sooner than he expected. Tliat afterr.oon Cole, v.ho
v.'as a justice of the peace, organized his court on a log in front of
the lort. As Judge Ijarton was returning from dirmcr, he stopped iii
front of Cole and leaned r.gn.iust a tree, ^vatching the proceedings of
the justice, and smoking his pipe. Cole looked up and, assuming
the stern lock of insulted dignity, s;ud : "Judge Barton, I tine you
one dolhir for eonl<'mpt of my court, for smoking in its presence."
Judge Barton smilingly paid his Hue and went to open his own court,
acknowledging that he had been beaten at his own game.
KATE OF TAXATION".
The following order made by the circuit court in 181(3, shows
the rate of taxation at that time : — •
'• Ordered by the court tiiat the following rates of taxation for
county purposes for the year ISlC 1)0 established in the county of
Howard, to wit :
On each horse, mare, muk- or ass al)ove ." years old . . . .2-0
On all neat cattle above 3 years old (Hi ' +
On each and every stud-lnu'se, the sum for which he stands the
season O'i ' i
On every ;iegro or mulatto slave between the ages of 16 and
45 years 50
For each billiard-table $25.00
On every able-bodied single nuiu of 21 years old or upwards
not being possessed of property of the value of $200 . .5(1
On water, grist-mills, and saw-mills, horse-mills, tan-yards and
distilleries in actual operation 40 ceiiis on every $100 valuation."
EARLY SUIT.
Among the early suits we find the following, wliich wc copy, be-
cause of the peculiar and ancient contract upon which the suit was
instituted : —
Wesley G. Martin ^
vs. > In debt.
Ezekiel ^Villiams, Braxton Cooper and ^lorris May. )
The defendant, by M. ^IcGirk, their attorney, comes into court
and defend- the wrong and injur}', and craves oycv of the said writ-
ing obliiratory mentioned in the said plaintitFs declaration, which was
read to them in the following words, to-wit :
"July 21tji, 1814.
" C)n our arrival at the post of Arkansas, we, or either of u<5,
" promise to pay, or cause to be paid unto Fraceway Licklier or his
IJl^lUKV OI' 110W.\i:i) AM) CHAKITON C(jl'MIE!<. ll'i
" ;is8tgns, the just ami full -uni of tlii-eo luuulred doU.-irs, it Ix.-ing i'cr
" Ills services to the ahove place, as wiLuess our hands and setds.
ezekiei. aa'llliams, [seal.]
Bkaxtox Cooper, [seal.]
MoRKis May." [seal.]
FIKST DEED KECOKDED.
Tlie following was the first deed placed on record in Howard
county : —
Know all iiieii by these presents that 1, Josepdi ilarie, of the
county und town of St. Charles, and territory of Missouri, have this
day iriveu, granted, bargained, sold and possession delivered unto
Asa Morgan, of the count}' of Howard, and territory aforesaid, all
the right, title, claim, interest, and property that I the said Joseph
Marie have or may possess or am iu anywise legally or equitably en-
titled to iu a certain settlement right on the north side of tlie ]Mis-
scuiri river, in the aforesaid county of Howard, near a certain place
known and called by the name of Eagle's Nest, and lying about one
mile, ir little west of south from ICincaid's Fort, in the said county of
Howard, wiiieh said settlement was made by me sometime in tlie year
1?00, for and consideration of value by me received, the receipt
whereof, is hci-eb}' acknowledged, and him the said Asa ^Morgan for-
ever discharged and acquitted. And I do by these presents, sell,
transfer, convey and quit-claim to the aforesaid Asa Morgan all the
cl-'.ims and interest which I might bo entitled to either in law or
equity from the aforesaid improvement or settlement right, together
with all and singular, all the appurtenances unto the same belonging,
or ill anywise appertaining to have and to hold free from me, or any
person claiming by or through mo.
In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set nry hand and seal, the
13th day of April, 1816. Jh. Marie, [seal.]
Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of Urh. I. Devore, A.
Wilson.
SECOND DEED.
" To all to whom these presence shall come greeting: — Know ye
thai we, Itisdon H. Price, and Marv', his wife, both of the town and
county of St. Louis, and territory of Missouri, for and in considera-
tion of the stun of four thousand eight htmdred dollars, lawful money
of the United States to us in hand before the delivery of these presents
well and fully paid by Elias Rector, of the same jjlace, the receipt
whereof is hereby acknowlediivd atul thereof, we do hereby acquit atid
discharge the said Elias Rector, his heirs and assigns forever. Have
given, granted, bargained, and sold, aitd do hereby give, grant, bar-
gain, and sell unto the said Elias Rector, his heirs and assigns forever,
subject to the conditions hereinafter expressed, one certain tract and
parcel of land, oontainiiig one thotisand six hundrei] arpens, situate in
tlie countv of Howard, in tiie territory of ilissouri. ii'ranied oriiiin-
Ill lUSTOKY OI HOWARD AM) CHAIUTON COIXTIES.
allv 1)V the late Lioutcii.uit-Ciovcrnov C'i;irl("s DcliauU Dnlassiis.to ono
Ira Kush, on the IStli thiy of Jammry. 1^00, surve^ved the 2L)th day of
January, liS04, and certilied on the ISlliday of Feliriiary, of the same
year, rel'ei'ence bouig iiad to the record of said ch^iin in tlie ofHce of
the recorder of Isnd titles for the tcr)itory of Mis.vouri, for the coii-
cessiuii and for the boiuidarics thereof as set forth in and upon the taid
certificate or plat of snrvey thereof will more full}', certainly and at
h\rsQ appear, and ^vhich said survey is hereto annexe d and niaivcspurt
and parcel of this deed, and being the same trad of laud which the
said liisdon H. Price claims as assigned of tlie sheriff of th(> connfy
of St. Charles, who sold the same as the property of said Ira Nash, as
by deed thereof dated the 5th day of Octoljer, 1815, reference thereto
being had will more fnlh' and at large appetir.
To have the said granted aud bargained premises with the appiir-
tcuances and i)rivileges thereon, and thereunto belonging unto hiui,
the said Elias Rector, his lieirs aud assigns forever. Aud it is hereby
declared to bo the agreement, understanding and intention of tlio
parties aforesaid, that sliould the said tract of land be finally rejected
by the United States within three years from this date, or should the
same not be sancti<uied and confirmed by tlic government of the
United stales, at or belore the period last mentioned, or in. case tlie
said Eli.is Kcctor, his Iieirs, executors, administrators, or assigns shall
by due process and judgment at law, be evicted, dispossessed and
detinitely deprived of said tract of land, then and in that case, the said
J?isdon H. Price, his heirs, executors, or administrators, shall only j^ay
or cause to lio paid to the said f]lias Rector, his heirs, executors, adminis-
trators or ar signs, tlie said sum of four thousand eight hundred dollars,
lawful money of the United States, with the lawful interest thereon,
at the I'ate of six per centum jier ainium, from the date of this deed,
until the time of such rejection, ni)t being sanctioned as aforesaid, or
until such eviction as afores.aid, with the legal costs ujion such suit or
suits at law, and which shall be in full of all damages under any cov-
enant? in this dead, and if such claim shall be rejected as aforesaid (u-
not confirmetl as aforesaid, or in case tiie said Elias Rector, his heirs,
executors, or assigns, shall be evicted therefrom as aforesaid, that
then, and in either of these cases, the said Elias Rector, his heirs,
execiitors or assigns, shall by proper deed of i-elease and quit-claim,
transfer to said Risdon II. Price, his heirs, executors, administrators
and assigns, the claim of said Elias Rector, his heirs, executors and
assigns to the said premises at the time of receiving the said consid-
eration money, interest, and costs aforesaid.
In witness whereof, we have hereunto set our hands and seals,
this 2i'd day of June, 1816.
Risuox H. Price, [seal."|
jNIary G. Price, [seal.]
Elias Rf.ctor. [«eal.]
Signed, sealed and delivered in presence of Jcrh. Connor, M. P.
Leduc."
The above deed was acknowledired before Mary Philip Leduc,
niSTOFV OF HOWAi;i> AND ClIAKITOX COLXTIKS. 115
clerk of tlie circuit courl wit.iiiii and for tlie coiiiily of >>t. Louis. It
is quite an ancient deed and cjuito a. lengthy one, and tlie old Sp;aiish
pb.i'aseoiO:rv is ll^ed — the word arpents in the descri]:)tioii of tlic laud.
FIRST MAREIAGES.
]->elo'.v will be found verbalim copies of some of the earliest cer-
tifioatcs of marriages tliat occurred in Howard county. In the nanics
of the fjarties assuming the marital relations, some one or more of our
readers, may recognize their ma.tcrnal or ]ialern:il ancestors: —
TeCKITORY Of i\IlSSOUliI, ) ,
/-, TT i- (o-irit.
County of Howakd. ^
Be it remembered to all whom it may ccuiccrn, that on the lOtli
day of ^lay, 181G, b}' virtue of the power and anthority vested in me
by Law, a preacher of the gospel, etc., I joined in the holy state of
matrimoiry Judiali Osmon and Rosella Busby, of the said territory
and county, as man and Avifc. Witness my hand, this od day of Jnly
ISl'i. William Thokp.
I hereby certify, tliat on the second day of Jnne last passed, T
celebrated tlic rights of nr.itrinioiiy bet\\eeii -Tohn Coi^ley and Eliza-
beth AYhite, both of the county of Howard and territory of Missouri.
Given under my hand, this tenth day of June, 181G.
Jamks Alcorn. .T. P.
I do hereby certify, than on the 27th day of ■March last. I cele-
brated the rights of matrimony between Elijah Creason and Elizabeth
Lowell, both of the county of Howard and territorv of Missouri.
Given under my hand, this 12th day of Apiil, 181G.
James Alcorn, J. P.
Territory of Missouri ,
Howard County.
to-w/'L
}^e it known, to whom it may concern, that on the 2Gth of A'pril,
1816, by \irtue of the power and authority vested in me by law, a
preacher of the Gospel, I joined in the holy state of matrimony Abra-
ham Barnes, and Gracy Jones of the said territoiy and county, as
man and wife, satisfactory proof having been given of the legal notice
as requested by law and parents' consent obtained.
Witne;.s my iiaud, the 22d of April ISIG.
David McClain.
The marriages above mentioned occurred sixty-seven years ago.
In those primitive days, among the early settlers, marriages were
the result of love. There vras not onlv a union of hands, but a union
11 G HibTor.y OF iiowaud and cjiAUiTOiN coi;mii:s.
of hearts. The pioneer iiuiiden made the faithful .vifo, and tln;- >iurdy
backwoodsman the foud and trusted husband.
From tlj:it diiy forth, in peace and joyous bliss.
They lived together long without deb;ite ;
Nor private jars, nor spite of enemies,
Could shnko the sr.fo assurance of their stiue.
Eleven man-iago ccrtiticates -svero recorded in tlie year ISlu.
One bundered and sixty-two marriages were recorded in l^S:?.
OLD PKANKLIN LOCATION OF COUNTY SKAT.
The town of Old Franklin was laid off opjjosite tlie present site
of ]V:ic)nville, in '• Coojier's bottom," in the fall of l•'^l'j. It was lo-
cated on a tract containing 100 acres. Benjamin Estill, David Jones,
David Kincaid, William Head, and Stephen Cole were appointed com-
missioners to locate the county sent, which was first located at Hannah
Colo's fort, as stated above. On June IR, 1817, the coramissiouers
settled upon Old Franklin as the most suitaljle |)lace for the location
of the ccui.'t}' ioat, aiid to that pjai.-c the I'ccords, documents, etc.,
were removed on the second ilonday in November, 1S17, the court
being opened by the sheritf on that day at 2 o'clock p. ni.
The land oiBce for tlic district of Missouri was located at Old
Franklin in lylS. Gen. Thom;is A. Smith was appointed recei\'er
and Charles Carroll register. The land sales occui'red in, the same
year, November 18, 1818. The crowd in attendance upon these sales
was said to have numbered thousamls of well-dressed and intelligent
men from all ])arts of the east and south.
MEMOIRS OF DR. PECK.
"Wishing to give our readers the beiictit of all t'.ie facts we have
collared, in reference to that early [leriod (1818 and 1819) in the his-
tory of Howard county, we here insert some extracts from the memoirs
of James M. Peck, D. D., a pioneer Uaptist minister who visited
this portion of the Missouri territory at the period mentioned, '\^'hat
he says was written from his persomil observation, and is therefore
not only reliable but deeply interesting : —
* * * On Monday, December 22. 1818, I rode through the coun-
try to Franklin, found a Baptist family by the name of Wiseman,
where I had been directed to call. A hasty a[ipi)intment was circu-
lated, and I preached to a roomful of peo[)le.
Franklin is a vilhiLre of seventv families. It is situated on the
IIISTOKY OF 110WAI;U AM) CHAIIITON COUNTIES. 117
left bank of the Missouri, iiud on tlic bm-der of an cxieii>i\L' tract of
ricli, alluvial boltoia land, covered with a huuvv forest, cxi'tpt where
the axe and tires had destroyed the nuderirrowth, "deadened" the
timber, and prc)Jared the fields for the hum'st crops of corn.
If any one wishes to Diid the site of this nourishing town, as it
then appeared to pronu^e, he uuisL examine the bed of the river di-
rectly opjK)site Booiiville. IJepeated Hoods, many years since, drove
the inhabitants to the bluif, with such of their houses as could be re-
moved, where New Praniilin now stands. At the period of our
visit no town west of tJt. Louis gave better promise for rapid
growth than Franklin. There vvas no church formed in tiie village,
but I found fourteen liaptists there.
The country on the north side of the Missouri, above the
Cedar, a small stream on the western border of the present county
of Callaway, was known as Boone's Lick from an early period.
Also under the same cognomen was the county designated on the
south side and west of the Osage river. The particular salt-
lick to which this appellation was tirst given was ten or twelve
miles above (_)id Franklin, au'.l about two miles back tVon; the ri\cr.
Tradition told that this spot, in a secluded ])Lu^e auiong the blurt's,
was occuf/ied l)y the old pioneer, the veritable I)aniel Boone, f a-
Li- huntiu':: camp. I^ut the name came from the late ^laj. Nathan
Boone, who in company with the iMessrs. .Morrisons, of St. Charles,
manufactured salt at the spring in lbOG-7. About the same- time
a settlement was made on the Lout re and on Loutre Island. This
settlement, except C'lte Sans I>e!<sein, was the veiitable " far west '"
until 1810.
During the spring of 1810 several families frcnn Loutre settle-
ment, and a large numljer then recently from Kentucky, moved
westward and planted themselves in the Boone's Lick country,
then re[>orted as the El Dorado of all new counties. Oil' from
the river bottoms the land was undulating, the prairies small, the
soil rich, and the timber in variety and of a tine quality. Deer,
bears, elk, and other game ^v-ere in abundance, and furnished pro-
visions, and, in many instances, clothing, until the people could
raise crops.
Tf.ere were in all about one hundred and tifty families thtit came
into the Boone's Lick country in 1810-11, when the Indian Avar stojiped
further immigration until 1815 or 181(i. Twelve families settled on
the south side of the river, not far fi-om the present site of Boonville,
and several more formed a settlement south of the Missouri, some
ten or fifteen miles above Old Franklin.
Amongst the emigrants, both from Loutre and Kentucky, were
not a few Baptist families and two or three preachers. A church had
been organized in the Loutre settlemeul, a majority of which, with
their church record-;, were amongst the emigrants, and became re-
organized, and I think took the name of Mount Zion.
Soon the hostile Indians broke into these remote frontier settle-
ments. It was in Julv, 1810, that a hostile band of rottaw;itomie<
118 HISTOKY or HOWAliU AM> CHAIIITOX COU.NTIKS.
came slealtliily into tlie settlement on tlu- LoiUie. neafh' oppo-ite the
mouth ot" the G:iscon:idc river, aijd stole :i uuinlx.T ol' horses. A
volunteer i'om]")any was raised, con.sisliiii;- of Stephen Colo, Wm. T.
Cole, ^Messrs. iSruv.n, Gooch, Pattoii and one other person,
to follow tlioivi. They followed the trail across Grand prairie
to ijoone Liek, a Ijraach of Salt river, where they discovered
eiglit Indians who threw off their jtaeks of plunder and scattered in
the wood;. Night coming on, the party disregardeil the advice of
their leader, Stephen Cole, an experienced man with Indians. Me
advised setting a guanl, hut the majority exclaimed against it, and
cried "cowardice." About midnight the Indian yell and the death-
dealing bullet aroused them from sleep. Slepiien Cole had taken iiis
station at the foot of a tree, and if he slejit it was with one eye o;)en.
He killed four Indians and wounded the lifth, though severely
wounded himself. Wm. T. Cole, his brother, was killed at the cr:n-
mencement of the fight, with two other persons. Next morning the
survivors reached the settlement and told the dreadful tidings, and a
pai'ty returned to the spot, buried the dead, but found the Indians
gone.
This was the first of a series of depredations, murders and robber-
ies Ju tbe.se remote settlements that continued five years. The dis-
tri''t of St. Ciiarles had the Cedar for its western boundary. Tlie
Jjoone's Lick couritry was not recognized as within the organized ter-
ritory of ^Missouri. The people were " a law unto themselves.'" and
had to do their own fightinii;. Ever\- male inhaliitaiit of the settle-
ment, who was capable of bearing arms, enrolled and equijiped him-
self for defence. Each one pledged himself to fight, to labor on the
forts, to go on scoutim:: expeditions, or to raise corn for the commu-
nitv, as danger or necessit}* required. By the common consent of
all these volunteer parties, Col. Benjamin Conjier, a Baptist from
Madison county, Kv., was chosen commander-in-chief.
Col. Cooper was one ofKentucky's noblestpioneers. He had also
been a prominent man in the war with Indians in that district, pos-
sessed real courage, cool and deliberate, with great skill and sagacity
in judgment. He had also l)een an efficient man in the afiairs of
civil and political life, and a man of firmness and correctness as a
lucmber of the church.
Among the jirincipal officers who occupied subaltern positions as
the commanders of forts and partisan leaders for detached field ser-
vice, were Capt. Sarshall Cooper (a brother of the colonel), William
Head and Stephen Cole.
To guard against surprise, the people, under the direction of
their leader, erected live stockade forts :
1. Cooper's fort was at the residence of the colonel, on a bot-
tom prairie. !
2. McLain's fort (called Ft. Hempstead afterward) was on the
bluff, "about one mile from New Franklin.
3. Kincai<rs fort was near th.e river, and about one and a half
miles above the site of Old Franklin.
IIISTORV OF IIOWAP.D AND CHAVMION COUNTIES. 1]9
4. Head's fort whs on the Moiiitoaii, near ihe okl Boone's Li'ji.:
trace froui St. Charles.
5. Colo's Tort vas on the south side of the Missouri, a'lout a
mile below- Uciouviile. Here the widow of "W. T. Cole, who was slain
by the Indians on Boone's liiik, with her children, settled soon after
the murder of her husband.
These forts were a refuge to the families when danger threatened,
but the (.iefenders of the eouutrv did not reside in theoi only as
threatened danger required. Scouting parties were almost constantly
engaged in scouting the woods, in the I'ear of, the settlements, watch-
ing for Indian signs, aiul protecting their stock from depredations.
With all their vigilance during the war, about tliree hundred
horses were stolen, many cattle and nearl}' all their hogs were killed.
Bear meat and raccoon bacon became a substitute, and eveu were en-
gaged in contracts for trade. They cultivated the tields nearest to the
stockade forts, which could be cultivated in corn with comparative se-
curity, but not enough to supply .the amount necessary for cousump-
tion.
Parties wei'e detailed to cultiv.nte fields more distant. These
were divided into plowmen and seuiinels. 'J'he one party followed
the plows, a-ul the other, •with ritles loaded and ready, scouted
around the fii-ld on es'cry side, stealthily watching lest the wily foe
should form an ambuscade. Often the plowman walked over the
field, guidirig his horses and pulverizing the earth, with his loaded
rifle slung at his back.
AVith all th.'se precautions, few men but woidd tread stealthily
along the furrows. As he ajiproached the end of tlie corn-rows,
where the adjacent woodland might conceal an enemy, his anxiety was
at its height. When these detachments were in the cornfield, if the
enemy threatened the fort, the sound of the horn gave the alarm,
and all rushed to the rescue.
It was in the autumnal season of corn-gathei-ing that a party of
these farming soldiers v.'cre hard pressed by a party of savages. A
negro servant drove the team with a load of corn. He knew nothing
of chariot races among the ancients, but he put the lash on the horses.
and drove through the large doultle gateway without touching either
post as had been too often his unlucky habit. The ludians were on
the opposite side of the clearing, saw their prey had escaped, raised
their accustomed yell, and disappeared in the woods. " Oh, Sam I"
said the cajitain, whose servaut he was, " you've saved your sealji
this time by accurate and energetic driving."
" Yes, massa, I tink so, " at the same time scratching his wool
as if he would nuike sure that the uset'ul appendage was not missing.
" De way T done miss dose gate-posts was no red man's business. I
never drove trew afore without I hit one side, and sometimes i)ose of
dem."
These pioneer Boone's Lick settlers deserve to be known and
held in remembrance by the present generation iu that populous and
120 Hl.'-TOKV OF IIOWAIID AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
rich dijtiict of tlic Siato. ] regr.-t oxrecdingh', now it is too late,
that I did not pitiicr many more tads, and record the names of iha
principal families. Thoy sutfered as many privations as any frontier
settlement in v*-e.<tcrn history. The men were all heroes and- the
women heroines, and successfulh- and skillfully defended their families
and til'' coiiiiLrv ai.'out three 3'ears witb.out the least aid from the na-
tional or territorial govei'siment. Throughout the war but ten per-
sons were killed by Indians in all the settlements about Boone's Lick.
Several other persons, V>e:-:ides tliose already mentioued, were killed
in the Loutre settlements and beiow.
Those killed in tlie Boone's Lick country were Sarshall Cooper,
Jonathan Todd, Wm. Cami)bcll, Thomas Smith, Samuel McMahan,
\Vm. Gregg, John Smith, James Busby, Joseph W. Still, and a negro
man. Capt. Sarshall Cooper came to his tragic end at Cooper's fort,
where his family resided. It was a dark night ; the wind liowled through
the forest, and the raiu fell in fitful gusts, and the watchful sentinel
could not discern auobject six feet from the stockade. Capt. Cooper's
residence formed one of the angles of the fort. lie had previously
run up a long account with the red-skins. They dre.nded botii his
strategy and his prowess in Indian warfare. A single brave crept
stenltinly in the darkness and storm to the logs of the cabin, and made
au opening in the clay between the logs barely snfilcicnt to admit the
muzzle of his gun, which he discharged with fatal effect. The assas-
sin escaped and left the family and every settler in mourning. Among
a large circle of relatives and friends, the impre,-.:^ions of their loss
were vivid at the period of our first visit.
After nearly three years of hard fighting and severe sufi'ering,
congress made provision for raising several companies of " rangers " —
men who furnished their own horses, equipments, forage and provi-
sions, and received one dollar per day for guarding the frontier set-
tlements— -when a detachment was sent to the relief of the people of
Boone's Lick, under command of Gen. Henry S. Dodge, then major
of the battalion. The mounted rangers included the companies of
Capt. John Thompson, of St. Louis, 'Capt. Daughcrty, of Cape Gir-
ardeau, and Capt. Cooper, of the Boone's Lick. An expedition under
command of Capt. Edward Hempstead, was sent in boats up the
Missouri. In the companies were fifty Delawares and Shawnecs,
and two hundred and fifty Americans. On the south bank of the
Missouri, at a ])lace now known as ^liami, was an Indian town of tour
huudred, including women and children, who had migrated from the
Wabash country a few years previcurs. They were friendly and
peaceable; but bad Indians would report bad tales of them, and
Maj. Dodge under instructions, guarded them back to the Wabash
country.
THE ilKST NKUSl'Al'Ki:.
Scarcely had the pioneers emerged from their forts, wherein they
had been immured fur three years, before they began in earnest to
establish schools and tf. set up in their midst the printing press.
HISTORY OF HOWATID AN1> CHAIinOX COIXTIES. ll^l
On the 23(1 of April, 18UI, Nalhaiucl Patten and Benjamiii Holli-
day, two cntoiprisiuLr citizens, i'^sued llie first ninnber of the J//<soJjr/
Intclliynccr in Franklin. This v.-as the first news[)aper pnlili.-lird
west of St. Jioui.-. A full acconnt of this paper is given in the
chapter eniitleil ■' Tlie Press."
AUHIVAL or THE FIKST .STKAMIiOAT.
Pcrliaps one of the greatest events that occurred in tlie year
1S19, ill the tlieii brief history of Howard county, was the arrival of
tlie steamer Indeiiendence, Capt. John Nelson — the tirst steamboat
that had ever attempted the navigation of the ^Pissouri river. The
Jiidepeadence had been chartered by Col. Elias Rector and others of
St. Louis, to ascend tlic Missouri :is high as Chariton, two miles above
Glasgow. She left St. Louis, I\Lay 15, 1819, and reached Franklin,
in Hovrard county, on May 28. -Vniong the passengers were Col.
Elias Rector, Stephen Rector, Capt. Desha, J. C. Mitchell. Dr.
Stc'vart, J. \Vnnton and :Major J. D. 'WTlcox.
Upon the arrival of the Independence, a ]>ublic dinner was given
the passengers and ollicci's. A puldic meeting was held, of whicl; .V^a
Morgan, was chosen president and Dr. N. Hutchinson, vice-pre-i-
dent.
The Franklin Tnielh'f/tncer, May 28, 1819, in speaking of that event
said : —
AF.UIVAL OF THE STEAMBOAT.
With no ordinary sensations of pride and pleasure, we announce
the arrival this mornina', at this iilace, of the elegant steamboat
Independence, C-aptain Nelson, in .■?evcn sailing days, (but thirteen
from the lime of lier departure) iVoni St. Louis, with passengers and
a cargo of flour, whiskey, sugar, iron, castings, etc., being the tirst
stearal)oat that- ever attempted ascending the ]\Iissouri. She v,-as
joyfully met by the inlial)itants of Franklin, and saluted l)v the tiring
of cannon, which was returned by the Independence.
The grand deskh^ndum, the important fact, is now ascertained
that steamboats can safely navigate the Missouri river.
A respectable gentleman, a jiassenger in the Independence, wIkj
has for a numlier of years traveled the great western waters, int'orin^
us that it is his opinion, that with a little precaution in keeping clea-
ofsandbars, the Missouri may be navigated witli as mucii facility as the
Mississipiii or Ohio.
Missourians may hail this era, from which to date the growing
importance of this section of country; when they view with v.liai
facility (by the aid of steam) boats may ascend the turbulent watirs
of the Missouri, to bring to this part of the country the articles rerjui-
ll'2 IlISTOKV Oi' JIOWAKU AND Cll AKITON COUNTIES.
site to its siijiply, and rctuni laden with the various products ol' this
fertile region. At no distant period may we sec the industrious
cultivator making his ^\•;ly as liigli as the Yellowstone, and oHcring
to tlie enlerjirising merchant and trader a surjilus wortliy ot'the fertile
bauks of the ^lis^ouri, }ieh.ling wealtli to industry and enterprise.
[ From (lie Fra,(ldin JnlcUirjenccr, June 4, 1S19.1
AKFaVAL OI- THE IN nEPENUENCL ■ ITBLIC DINNEK, SPEECHES AND
TOASTS.
On Friday last, the 2.Sth ult., the citizens of Franklin, with the
most lively emotions of pleasure, witnessed the arrival of this beauti-
fid boat, owned and commanded by Capt. Nelson, of Louisville. Her
aj)[iroach to the landing was greeted by a Federal sa.lute, accompanied
with the acclamations of an admiring crowd,- who had assembled
on the bank of the river for the purpose of viewing this noxel
and interesting sight. We may trulv regard this event as highly
important, not only to the commercial but agricultural interests of
the countiy. The practicability of steamboat navigation, being novv-
clearly deaiuaslrated b}- experiment, we shall be brought nearer to
the Atlantic, "West India and European markets, and the abundant
rL^sources of our fertile and extensive region will be quickly devel-
oped. This interesting section of country, so highly fa\ored by
nature, Asill at no distant period, with the aid of science and en-
terpi'ise assume a dignilied station amongst the great agricultural
states of the west.
The enterprise of Capt. Nelson cannot be too highly appreci-
ated by th.e citizens of Missouri. He is the first individual who
has Jittemi.ted the navigation of the Missouri by steam i)ower. a
river that has hitherto borne the character of being very difficult
and eminently dangerous in its navigation, but we are happy to
state that his progress thus far has not been imi^eded b^- any acci-
dent. Anioni; the passengers were Col. Ellas I'ectcu', !^Ir. Stephen
Eector, Capt! Desha, J. "C. Mitchell, Esq., Dr. Stewart, Mr. J.
Wanton, Maj. J. D. Wilcox.
THE DINNER AND TOASTS.
The day after the arrival of the Independence, Capt. Nel-
son and the passengers partook of a diinier, given by the citizens
of Franklin, in honor of the occasion. After the cloth was re-
moved, Ca[it. Asa Morgan was called to the chair, and Dr. N.
Hutchinson acted as vice-president, when the following toasts were
drank : —
1st. The Missouri Elver. — Its last wave w-ill roll the abundant
tribute of our region to the Mexican gulf in reference to the auspices
of this day.
2d. The Memory of Robert FuKoh . — One of the most di^tiu-
lIIi>TOPa' OF HOWARD AND CHARITON COUXTIES. l!>0
gui.->hed aiti-ts of liis ago. The ilissouri river nov.- bears ujion her
bci^om the first. eiTect of iiis genius for steam navigation.
3d. 77re J/cinort/ of FrankUn, the PhlloAophcr and iSta(e-<-
tnait. — In anticipation of his country's greatness, he never imagined
tiiat a boat at tliis time ^voulll bo propelled b\' steam so far -vvestward,
to a town i.iearing his name, on the ^lissouri.
4th. dipt. Xel-ion . —TliQ proprietor of the steamboat Inde-
pendence. The imaginary dangers of the ^lissouri vanished before
his enterprising genius.
5th. Louisville, Ffanhlin and Chariton. ■ — They beeairie neigh-
bors by steam navigation.
6th. The Bcpi'Mican Govermnent of the United States. — \\y
facilitating the intercourse between distant points, its benign influ-
ence may be diffused over the continent of ZS'orth America.
7tli. 77(6 I'oUci/. — Resulting in the expedition to the Yellowstoue.
Sth. South Arne'riva. — May an early day witness the navigation
of the Amazon and LaPlata by steam power, under the auspices of an
independent government.
9th. International Iniprovement. — Tiie New York canal, an im-
perisiiable monument of the patriotism and genius of its projector.
lOtli. Tlie Missouri Territory . — Desirous to be numbered Avitli
states on constitutio\ial principles, but determined never to submit
to Congressional usurpation.
11th. James Monroe. — President of the United States.
li'th. Tlie PurcJiase of the Floridas. — A hard bargain.
loth. T]ie American Fair.
VOLUNTEERS.
By Col. Ellas IJector. — The memor}' of my deiiarled friend. Gen.
Benjamin Howard ; he was a man of worth.
Ey Gen. Duti' Green. — The Union — It is dear to us, but libertv
is dearei'.
By Cajit. Nelson — I will ever bear in grateful remembrance the
liberality and hospitality of the citizens of Franklin.
By Dr. James H.Benson — The territory of Missouri — Mav
she emerge from her present degraded condition.
By J. C. ilitehell, Esq. — Gen. T. A. Smith, the Cincinnatus of
Missouri.
By Major Thompson Douglas. — The citizens of Franklin.
Characterized by hospitality and generosity.
B}- Stephen Hector, Esq. — May the Missourians defend their
rights, if necessary, even at the expense of blood, against the unprec-
edented restriction which was attempted to be imposed on them !)y
the congress of the United States.
B}' L. W. Boggs, Esq. — Major-Gen. Andrew Jackson.
By John W. Scudder, Esq. — Our Guests — The passenjrer- who
ascended the Mis-ouri in the Independence ; they have the hon^ir to
lii HlsTOin' OF IIOWAr.D AND C'lAIMTOX COUMIES.
be tlir- {ii--:t to \vitnoss the- successful ox})criiiient of stenni iKU'iuut idu
on o\i;' no'dc I'iver.
By BcHj:iniin Ilollidav — The 28th of May, 1819. Franklin v;lll
long rorn'"i,i!>or it, and tlu" IndeneiKk-nce and liei comniaiuler AviM lie
immoilalizeu in histon .
By Dr. Dawsou — The next Congress — ^I;'}' they be nici; cdn-
sistcnt in their construction of the Constitution ; and wlien they iidiait
uev.- states into the union, be actuated loss by a spirit of conip'.oniise,
than the just rights of the people.
By Augustus Storrs, Esq. — The memory of Captain Lawrence,
late of the navy- — by the conduct of such men, may our national
character be formed.
By N. Patton,Jr. — The ^Missouri territory — Its future pros-
perity and greatness cannot be checked by the caprice of a fev,- men
in congress, while it ])os?esscs a soil of int'xhp.ustii)le fertility, at'un-
dant resources, and a bod}' of intelligent, enterprising, independent
freemen.
By ^Nlaj. J. D. Wilcox — The citizens of Missouri — ]M:iy {]\e\
ne^er lieeoint. a member of the union, under the restriction rclalive
to slaveiy.
}^v ^>Ir. Tv. ^^'. Jordan — Tlie towns on the Missouri i-iver — M:n-
they llourish in commerce, and, like those on the Ohio and ]\li>-i —
sippi, witness the dailj' arrival or departure of some steamboat,
ascending oi- descending this majestic sti'cani.
By Mr. J. B. Howard — Robert Fulton — May his name and ilie
effects of his genius, be transmitted to the latest posterity.
By Dr. J. J. Lowry — (After the president had rc'tiredj — The
president of the day.
By ^laj. E. Gentry — (After the vice-president had retii-ed)
The vice-president of the day.
The Ind(!pendence continued her voyage to Chariton.
TIIL SECOMi SltAMI'.OAr.
The government of tlie United States projected the celelu-ated
Yello\vstone expedition in 1818, the objects of which were to ascer-
tain whether the ?.Iissouri river was navigable by steamboats, and to
establish a line of forts from its mouth to the Yellowstone. Tliis
expedition started from Piattsburg, New York, in 1818, under com-
mand of Colonel Henry Atkinson. General Nathan Ranney, a well
known citizen of St. Louis, was an attache of this expedition, al-o
Captain Wm. D. Ilubbell now a citizen of Columbia. It arriveil at
Pittsburg i'l the spring of 1819, where Colonel Stephen II. Long, of
the to[iograi)hical engineers of the United States army, had con-
structed tlie Western Engineer, a small steamboat to lie used by
him and his scientific eoi'p- in jiioneering tlie expedition to tlie monih
iiisxony OF howaud and chakitox cocnties. 125
of the Yellowstone. The vessel reached St. Louij, June 9, 1S19, aiul
proceeding on tiio voyage, arrived at Franklin, July 13, same year.
The following gentlemen were on board: Major S. H. Long, com-
niauder ; ^I.ijor Thomas Biddle (who was killed Angust 27, 1^31, in
a duel with Spencer Pettis, on Bloody Island, and after whom,
Biddle street, St. Louis, w;!s r.amed) ; Lieutenants Graham and Swift,
Major Benj. O'P'allon, Jn^Iian agent: Mr. Daugherty, assistant au'cnt
and interpreter ; I-)r. A\'m. Baldwin, botanist;* Thomas Say, zoolo-
gist; Mr. Jessup, gcologi.^t ; ^Ir. Seymore, landscape painter; and
Mr. Peale, assistant naturalist.
On Monday, July I'J, the vessel pi-oecedcd on its voyage up the
Missouri and reaeheil Council Blull's on the 17th of Septcndjer, v.here
it remained for the winter.
Owing to the peculiar construction of the Western Engineer,
as well as to the fact that a water craft of any kind, and especially one
propelled by steam, v as a novel si)ect:icle, its progress up the river
excited Ihe greatest wonder among tiie Indians, many of whom flocked
to the river banks to see it, while others lied in fear to the forests or
pr:uries, thinking it an evil spirit, a very devil with serpent's htad,
and breath of fire and steam. The St. Louis Unquirer, of June 16,
1819, contains this description of it : —
TJIIO STEA.MKi: WESTERN ENGINEER.
The bow of the vessel exhibits the form of a huge serpent, black
and scaly, rising out of the water from under the boat, his head as
high as the deck, darted foi'ward, his mouth open, vomiting smoke,
and apparently carrying the boat on his back. From under the boat,
at its stern issues a stream of foaming water, dashing violently alonii'.
All the machinery is hid. Three small brass tield pieces, mounted on
wheel carriages, stand on the deck ; the boat is ascending tlic rapid
stream at the rate of three miles an hour. Neither wind, nor human
hands are seen to help her ; and to the eye of ignorance the illusion
is complete, that a monster of the deep carries her on his back
smoking with fatigue, and lashing the waves with violent exertion.
ADDITIONAL MAIL FACILITIES.
During the first ten years of the settlement of the Boone's
Lick country, there were scarcely any mail facilities :ind in fact,
there was not a post-office within the present limits of Howard
county, until in 1821. The news was carried by the tiaveller or
* Owing to illness Dr. BaUhviu ;ibaniloneil tho expedition at Franklin, and died
ther«, September 1, Isl'J.
10
12ti nisTocY OY ]io\\M;i) axi> charitox corNxiKS.
s[)eci!il couriov, iVoin one settlcniciit, to iiiKitiicr, hut soirictinics week,?
and iiiODths wmild iiitcrveno hcfofc the pioneers could Lear from
their former homes or from their more immediate neighbors. It was
with greit pleasure, thai the liiteUigencer, of April 23, 1S19, announced
the following hit of nev.-s : —
It i-' eontemplated, we understand, sluu'th' to commence runiiing
a shige iVom St. Louis to Franklin. Such an undertaking, \voula,
no donl)t, liherally rer.unicrate the enterin-ising and meritorious indi-
viduals engaged, and lie of immense Ijonefit to the public, who would,
donhtlcss, prefer this to any other mode of travelling. A stage has
been running from St. Louis to St. Charles three times a week for
several months past. Another from the to:vn of Illinois (now East
St. Louis), to Edwai'dsville ; a line from Edwardsville to ^'iucennes,
we understand is in contemplation. It will then only remain to have
it continued from Vincennes to Louisville. When these lines shall
have gone into operation, a direct communication by stage will then
be opened from the Atlantic States to Boone's Lick, on the Missouri.
IMMIfiEiATIOX.
In 1819, immigrants h/cgan to come in large numbers. Tliey
came in \'\,-;gons, in carriages, in pirogues, and linally on every }nitling
steamer that ascended tlie turbid waters of tlie ]\Ii-souri. Embryo
settlements had been made along the banks of the mighty river from
St. Charles to Glasgow. This porti(m of Missouri, had already been
seen liv the immigrant. Favorable reports liad l>een made of its
great V^eauty, its fertile hills and valleys, its Ixiuiitiful sripplv of
timber, its perennial springs and numerous water coui'ses. It was
not only a new country, but its forests abounded with game, and its
.streams teemed with choicest fishes. Here were found :
The bright eyed perch, %vith fins of various dye ;
The silvered, in shining volumes roll'd;
The yellow caip, in scales bedropt with gold;
Swift tiouts, diversified with crimson stains.
And pikes, tlic tyrants of the watery plains.
The Franklin hitelUyrncer of November 10, 1819, in speakin^^ of
the subject of imun'gration saitl : —
The immigration to this territory, and particularly to this lountv.
during the present season, almost exceeds belief. Those who have
arrived in this quarter are principally from Kentucky. Tennessee,
etc. Lnmense nnmliers of wagons, carriages, carts, etc. , with families,
have for some time past, been daily arriving. During the month of
October, it is stated, that no less than 271 wagons and four-wheeled
HISTOUY or HLIWAIJD AXD ClIAIUTON CoUNTIKS.
12:
oiirriag'Cj:, ;iiiil {ift}-11ve twri-v.-lic'i'lcd (•.■ivri.-iuos anil c;irt^ pas^e'd ne;ir
St. Clinrlo?, hound princiiKilly for Boone's Lick. It is falculaloil
that the munber of persons accompanying these wngons. etc., cou'd
not be less tluui o.OOO. It is stated in the St. Louis Enquirer, of the
10th iu.-t., that about twenty \s-aii-ous, etc., per week, had pas-ed
tlu'ougli Si. Charles for the last nine or ten weeks, with wealthy and
respeetabl'i inniiigr:mts from various states, ■whose nnit^'d numbfrsare
supposed to amount to 12,nn0. The county of Howard, already
i-espectable in number, will soon possess a vast population, an^l no
section of our couutry presents a fairer prospect to the immigrant.
FIRST COUNTY COCin'.
Although the county was organized in ISKi, there was no inde-
pendent tri^mnal known as tlie county court held in tlie count v till
February ^G, 1821. This court met and organized at Ok! Franklin.
The judges were Henr}' Y. Bingham, Daviil It. Drake and Thomas
Couwaj'. Hampton L. Boone wa^ appointed county clerk pro tPin.
Among the proceedings of the court the first day was the appoint^
nient of ]iobert Cooper guardian of the minor son of Sidney Carson, de-
ceased. The minor son's name was Robert Sidney Carson, wlio was the
father of Kit Carson, the brave scout. Elias Bancroft was ap]>ointed
county surveyor, Nicholas S. Bu-ckhartt, county assessor and Joseph
Patterson, collectcr.
The ciicuit court, sitting as a county court in ]>?li;, had divided
the county into four townships, to-wit : Moniteau, Bonne Femme,
Chariton and La Mine. Tlic county court at its first term, tive year>
later (the term of which I am now speid^ing) again di-\-ided tin-
county into seven townships, named as follows: Franklin, Booiie's
r/ick, Cliariton, Pvichraond, Prairie, Bonne Foninie, and Mon.i-
teau. Since then a new township called Burton, was created out
of territory taken from Bonne Fenime. Prairie and Richmond
townsh.ips. "With this exception the townships remain about as thev
were wlien first erected.
CIlArTEK IV.
PIONEER LIFE.
The Pioneers' Peculinritips — Convenieucej and Inconvenience; — The Historicol Log
Cabin — .A^ricuitiiiHl Implements — Jlouseliol J Furniture— Pioneer Corn-bread —
Hand lliUs and Hoiainy Blocks- Goin- to Mill — Trading Points- Bee Trees —
Shooting Mutches and (Juiltings.
The people in the early history of Howtird county took no care to
preserve histor\' — they were too Imsily engaged in making it.
Historically speaking, those were tlie most iui[)ortant years of the
county, for it was then the foundation -and corner - stones of all the
county's history and prosperity were laid. Yet, this history was not
remarkable for stirring events. It was, however, a time of self-re-
liance and brave, persevering toil; of privations cheerfully endured
through faith in a good time coming. The experience of one settler
was just about the same as that of others. Nearly ail of the settlers
were poor ; they faced the same hardships and stood generally on
an equal footing.
All the experience of the early pioneers of tliis county goes far
to confirm the theory that, after ;dl, happiness is pretty evenly
balanced in this world. They had their privations and hardships, but
they had also their own peculiar joys. If they were poor, they weie
free from the burden of pride and vanity ; free also from the anxiety
and care that always attends the possession of wealth. Other peo-
ple's eyes cost them nothing. If they had few neighbors, they were
on the best of terms with those they had. Envy, jealousy and strife
had not crept in. A common interest and a common symjiathy
bound them together with the strongest ties. They were a little
world to themselves, and the good feeling that prevailed was all the
stronger because they were so far removed from the great world of
the east.
Among these pioneers there was realized such a community of
interest that there existed a community of feeling. There were no
castes, except an aristocracy of benevolence, and no nobility, except
a uobiiity of generosity. They were bound together with such a
IIISTOllV OF IIOWAIII) AXU CllARITOV COUXTIKS. 12f)
strong lioad of svnipalln', inspired 1/v tiio conseioiisncss of couimon
liardship, tli:it tlu'V wc.w prnetieally coimmmists.
Jseiiilibors did not oven wail for an invitation or rcquost to help
one another. Was a settler's caliin hiirnetl or blown down? ^so
sooner was the fact known tlironghout the neiphhoriiood than the set-
tlers asscnililed to assist the unfortniiate one to lehuild his lioiue.
They came ^vith as little hesitation, ami with as le.nch alaerity as
though the}' were all niemljers of the same family and hound to-
gether by ties of blooiL One man's interest was every other man's
interest. Now, this general state of feeling anumg the pioneers was
by no means peculiar to these counties, although it was strongly illus-
trated here. It prevailed generally throughout the west during the
time of the early settlement. The very nature of things taught the
settlers the necessity of dwelling together in this spirit. It was their
only jn'otection. Tho\' liad come far away from the well established
reign of law, and entered ri new country , where civil authority was still
feeble, and totally unable to alTord protection and redress grievances.
pTere tlie settlers lived some little time l)efore there was an ofljcer
of the law in the county. Each man's protection was in the good
will and friendshii) of those about him, and th-c thing any mrai
might well dread was the ill will of the community. It was more
terrible than thehnv. It was no uncommon thing in tlie early times
for hardened men, who iiad no fears of jails or penitentiaries, to stand
in great fear of the indignation of a pioneer commnnity. Such were
some of the characteristics of Howard county.
HOUSE AXO nOMK COMFORTS.
The lirst buildings in the county were not just like the log cabins
that immediately succeeded them. The latter required some help and
.1 gvcat deal of labor to build. The very first buildings constructed
were a cross between " hoop cabins " and Indian bark huts. As soon
as enough men could be got together for a " cabin raising," then log
cabins were in style. Many a pioneer can remember the happiest
time of his life as that when he lived in one of these homely but
comfortable old cabins.
A window with sash and glass was a rarity, and was an evidence
of wealth and aristocracy which Imt few could support. They were
often made with greased paper put over the window, which admitted
a little light, but more often there was nothing whatever over it, or
the cracks between the loirs, without either chinking or daubing, were
130 msTORV or iiowviii) and chakitox cou.ntjes.
the depeiideaee I'or liirlit and air. The doors were fastened M'itli uld-
fashioned wooden hitidies, and fbi- :i friend, or neigh'ior, or traveller,
the string' always hung out, for the pioneers of the west were ho-pita-
ble and cnteitaiiied viiitors to the he.^i of their ahilitv. It is notiee-
able with wh;'.t affection the pioneers speak of their old log catiins.
It lu ly be douiiled whether palaces ever sheltered happier hearts than
those homely cabins. The following is a good descrijition of tlio-re
old landmarks, but few of which now remain: —
" These were of round logs, notched together at the corners, rilj-
bed with poles and covered with boards split from a tree. A puncheon
iloor was then hud down, a hoh' cut in tlie end and a stick chinuic}'
run u|.). A clapboard door is made, a window is o[iened by cutting-
out a hole in the side or end two feet srpiare, and tini.-lied without
glass or transparency. The house is then ' chinked ' and ' daubed '
v.itli mud. The cabin is now ready to go into. The household and
kitchen furniture is adjusttnl, and life on the frontier is begun in
earnest.
" Tlie one-ie':gi'd bedstead, now a piece of furniture of tlie pa.-t,
was made by cuttiuu' a stick the proi>er length, b(jring holes at one
end one and a half inches in diameter, at right angles, and the same
sized holes corresponding with those in the logs of the cabin the
length and breadth desired for the bed, in which are inserted poles.
" Upon these poles the clapboards are laid, or linn bark is inter-
woven consecutivel}" trom pole to pole. Upon this primitive structure
the bed is laid. The convenience of a cook stove was not thought of,
but instead, the cooking was done by the t'aithful housewit'e in pots,
kettles, and skillets, on and about the Ijig lire-place, and very freijuent-
ly over and around, too, the distended jjedal extremities of the legal
sovereign of the household, while the latter was imlulging in the
luxuries of a cob-pipe and discussing the probable results of a con-
templated deer hunt on the Missouri river or some one of its small
tributaries."
These log cabins were really not so bad after all.
The people of to-da}-, familiarized with '• Charter Oak '" cooking
stoves and ranges, would be ill at home were they compelled to juv-
pare a meal with no other conveniences than those provided in a
pioneer cabin. Kude lire-places were built in chimneys composed of
mud a.ad slicks, oi-, ut best, uudre.^aed atone. These tire-places
served for heating and cooking purposes ; also for ventilation. Around
the cheerful blaze of this tire the meal was prepared, and these meals
were not so Ijad, either. As elsewhere reuuirked, thev were not aiich
mSTOKY or HOWARD AND CIIARITOX COUNTIES. 1^1
;i;5 would tempt uii epicure, hut such as afforded the most heaUhl'iil
nourishment for a race of people who were driven to the exposure
and Imrd.-hips v>-liicii were their lot. We hear of few dyspeptics in
those days. .Another ailvanta.ii'e of these eookinii- arranii-enients was
that the stove-pipe never fell down, and the pioneer was spared bcinir
subjected to the most trying of ordeals, and one probably more pro-
ductive of profanity than any other.
Before the country became supplied with mills which were of
easy access, and even in some instances afterv.-ard, hominy-blocks
were used. Tliey exist now only in the memory of the oldest settlers,
but as relics of tlie "long ago" a description of them will not be
uninteresting : —
A tree of suitable size, say from eighteen inches to two feet in
diameter, was selected in the forest and felled to the ground. If ;i
cross-cut saw happened to be convenient, the ti'ce was •' butted," that
is, the kerf end was sawed off so that it would stand steady when
ready for usc. If tliore were no cross-cut saw in the neighboriiooti,
strong arms and sharp axes were ready to do the work. Then the
proper length, from four to five feet, was measured off and sawed or
cat square. When this was done the block was raised on end and
the work of cutting out a hollow in one of the ends was commenced.
This was generally done with a comtnon chopping ax. Sometimes a
smaller one was used. When the cavity was judged to be large
enough, a lire was built in it and caiefully watched till the ragged
edges were burned away. When completed the hominy-biock some-
what resembled a druggist's mortar. Then a pestle, or something-
to crush the corn, was necessary. This was usually made from a
suitably sized piece of timber, with an iron wedge attached, the large
end down. This completed the machinery, and the block was ready
for use. Sometimes one hominy-block accommodated an entire
neighborhood and was the means of staying the hunger of many
mouths.
lu civinfi the bill of fare above we should have added meat, for of
this they had plenty. Deer would be seen daily trooping over the
prairie in droves of from twelve to twenty, and sometimes as many as
liftv would be seen grazing together. Elk were also found, and wild
turkeys and prairie chickens without number. Bears were not un-
known. Music of the natural order was not wantin<r. and every night
the pioneers were lulled to rest by the screeching of panther.- and the
howling of wolves. When the dogs ventured too far out from the
cabins at night, they would be driven back by the wolves chasing
132 lIIsTOKY OF HuMAK!) AND CHAKITON COUNTIES.
them lip lo the very CM.hiii d()f>ri. Trapjiiiifr wolves beoaiiio a very
Ijvofitaljle lui-iiuss after the slate liciiau to pay a l)ouuty fur wolf
scnlp.s.
All the stream? of water also alinundeil in tlsh, and a g-ood supidv
of these could be })rocured by the expense of a little time and labor.
Those who years ago improved the tishing" advantages of the country
never tire telling of tiie dainty meals which the streams atlorded.
Sometimes large parties would get together, and, iiavingbeen provided
with cooking utensils and facilities for camping out, would go off some
distance and si)end iveeks together. Xo danger then of being ordered
oifannui's preriiises or arrcsteil for tresjia.ss. One of the peeuliai-
circumslanees that snrrouiuled the eaiiy lite of the pioneei'S was a
strange loneliness. The solitude seemed almost to oppre>s them.
Months would pass during which they would scarcely see a human
fa.ce outside their own families.
On occasions of siK'eial interest, such as election, holiday celebra-
Liviij, or caiiii)-iii>->.tirigs, it was nothing unusual for a few settlers
^\llo lived in the immediate neighl)orhood of the meeting to entertain
scores of those who had come from a distance.
Kouch and rude though "the surroundings rna}^ have been, the
'pioneers were none the less honest, sincere, hospital.ile arid kind in
their relations. It is true, as a rule, and of univei->al application, that
there is a greater degree of real humanity among the ]:)ioneers of any
country than there is when the country becomes old and rich. If
there is an absence of refinement, that absence is more than compen-
sated in the presence of generous hearts and truthful lives. Thev are
bold, industrious and enterprising. Generally speaking, thev are
earnest thinkers, and possessed of a diversified fund of useful, practical
information. As a rule they do not arrive at a conclusion bv means
of a course of rational reasoning, but, nevertheless, have a queer way
of getting at the facts. They hate cowards and shams of every kind,
and above all things, falsehoods and deception, aud cultivate an
integrity which seldom permits them to prostitute themselves to a
narrow policy of imposture. Such were the characteristics of the men
and women vrlio pioneered the ^vay to the country of the Sacs, Foxes,
Kickapoos and Pottawatomie Indians. A few of them yet remain,
and although some of their descendants are among the wealthy and
most substantial of the people of the county, they have not forgotten
their old time hospitality and free and easy ways. In contrasting the
present social atlairs with pioneer times, one has well said : —
"Then, if a house was to be raised, every man • turned out,' ami
insTOUY OV HOWARD AKI' CliARITOX COUNTIES. 133
ot'lou the women, too, and \vhilo the men pilccl iii) the logs tli:'.t fash-
ionoil the primitive dwelling-place, the ■n'omen prepared the dinner.
Sometimes it ^s'ai eooked by big log fires near the site where the
cabin was building; in other ca-e? it was pie])ared at the nearest
cabin, and at the propci- hour was carried to where the men were at
^^or] . li' one man in tlie iieighborliood killed a beet, a pig or a deer,
every other family in the, ncigliboi-hood was sure to receive a }>iece.
" ^Vo were all on an eijualiiy. Aristocratic feelings were
unknown and. would not have Ijeeu tolerated. What one had v.e all
had, aud tliat was the happiest period of my life. But to-day, if you
lean against a neighbor's shade tree, he will charge you for it. If
3'ou are poor and fall sick, you may lie and sutTer almost unnoticed
and unattended, and probably go to the poor-house ; and just as like
as not the man who would report you to the authorities as a subject
of county care would cliarge the county for making the report."
Of the old settlers, some are still living in the county, in the
enjoyment of the fortunes the}" founded in early times, '• having
veaj^cd an hnnd''ed f-jld." Nearly all, however, have yiasscd away.
A f■3^^• uf them have gone to the far west, and arc still playing the
part of i)ioneers. .But wherc\'er they mav bo, wliatever fate may
lietide them, it is but truth to sa}' that they weie excellent men, as a
class, and have left a deep and enduring impression upon the county
and the state. " The}' builded better than the}' knew." They were,
of course, ui'^n of activity and energy, or they would never li.ive
decided to face the trials of pioneer life. The great majority of them
were poor, but the lessons taught them in the early days were of such
a character that few of them have remained so. They made their
mistakes in business pursuits like other men. Scarcely one of them
but allowed golden opportunities, for pecuniary profit, at least, to pass
by unheeded. "What are now some of the choicest farms in Howard
county were no;, taken up by the pioneers, who preferred land of very
njucli less value. They ha.ve seen nuuiy of their prophesies fulfilled,
and others come to naught. Whether they have attained the success
they desired, their own hearts can tell.
To one looking over the situation then, from the standpoint now,
it certainly does not seem very cheering, and }'ct, from the testimony
of some old pioneers, it was a most enjoyable tin)e, and we of the
present live in degenerate days.
At that time it certainly would have been much more difficult
for those old settlers to understand how it could be possible that sixty-
five years hence, the citizens at the present age of the count}'? pro-
lo4 I^^TOl;Y of iiowAim am> ch.vkitox countiks.
gresy would lie coiniil:iiiiii!g of li;ird limes and destitution, anil th:it
thej thcnijel\-e5, perlitiji-;, would be among that numlier, than it is
now I'or us to aiipreciate liow they rould t'oel so clu'erful and contented
with their meagre means and hunil)le lot of hardships and de])viva-
tions during tliose early pioneer days.
The seeret was, doul'tless, that they lived within their mean-,
however limited, not coveting more o( luxury and comfort than tlieir
income would afford, and the natural result was prosperity and con-
tentment, wiih always room for one more stranger at the fireside, and
a cordial wi-lcome to a place at their ta'de for even the most hungry
guest.
Hun-ianity, with all its ills, is, nevert'neless, fortunately charac-
terized with remarkable ilexibility, which enables it to accommodate
itself to circumstances. After all, the secret of happiness lies in
one's ability to accommodate himself to his surroundings.
It is sometimes remarked that there were no pla'?es forpulilic cn-
tertaiuiiu ui till later yoai's. The fact is, there were many such places ;
in f ;ct, eve-.v cabin was a place of entertainment, and these liotels
were sometimes crowded to their utmost capacity. On sn.ch occasions,
when bedtime came, the first family would take the back part of the
cabin, and so continue filling up by families until the limit v.as
reached. Tlie young men slept in the wagon outside. In the mmn-
ing, those nearest the door arose first and went outride to dress.
Meals wore served on the end of a wagon, and consisted of corn
bread, buttermilk and fat pork, and occasionally colfee, to take away
the moriiing chill. On Sundays, for a change, they had bread made
of wheat '• tramped <nit " on the ground by horses, cleaned with a
sheet anil pounded by liaiKl. This was tlie best, the most fastidious
they could obtain, and this only one day in seven. Xot a moment of
time was lo?t. It was necessary that they should raise enough sod
corn to take them through the coming winter, and also get as much
breaking done as possible. They brought with them enough corn to
give the horses an occasional feed, in order to keep them able for hard
work, but ill the main they had to live on prairie grass. The cattle
got nothing else than grass.
AGRICULTURAL IMrLEMENTS.
An interesting comparison might be drawn between the conven-
iences which now make the life of a farmer a comparatively ea>y one,
and the almo-;t total lack of such conveniences in early days. A brief
JllSTOlIV OF ]Ki\V,\i;i« AM) CIlAi;rrO-\ COINTIE.^. 13a
ile^ci'iptioii of the accoinnuKintions po^.sess^;ll by tlie tillers o( the sciil
will now lie L;i\eii.
]jet the eliililreii of such illu.-5lriou.s sires draw their own eoin[i:u--
i^oiis, and niay tlie result-^ of these conniarisons silence the voice of
complaint which so oftea is hoard in the laud.
Tlie onh.- plows tliev had at iitsl were wdiat they stylc'l " bull
plows. '" The uii>ald-bo:;i'ds were g(Miei-;dly of wood, but in some
oa.sos they were half wood and half iron. The man who had one of
the latter descrijnion was lo(>ked upon as something of an aristocrat.
But these old •' bull jilows " did good S'-rviee, and they must be
awarded the honor of first stiri-ing the soil of Ho^^•ard county, as well
as that of all the oldest counties of this state.
The amount of mouev which some farmers annually invest iii
agricultund implements would have kept the pioneer farmer in farm-
ing utensils during a whole lifetime. The pioneer farmer invested
little money in such things, lieeause ho had little money to spare, and
tlien again bemuse the expensive machinery now used would not iiave
been, at all adapted to the rerpuremeiits of pioneer farming. The
" bull plow "' was probaltly better adapted to tlie tields al)ouriding in
stumps and roots than would the modern sulky plow have been, and
the old-l'ashioncd wdieat cradle did i)etter execution than would a
modern harvester under like circumstances. The prairies were seldom
settled till after the pioneer period, and that portion of the country
which was the hardest to put under cultivation, and the most ditlicult
to cultivate after it was improved, first was cultivated ; it was well for
the countrv that such was the case, for the present generaticn. famil-
iarized as it is with iarniing machinery of such complicated pattern,
would scarcely undertake the clearing otf of dense forests and culti-
vating the ground with the kind of implements their fathers used, and
which they would have to use for some kinds of work.
MILLS AND TIIADING POINTS.
Notwithstanding the fact that some of the early settlers were en-
ergetic millwrights, who emi)loyed all their energy, and what mean>
I hey posse:iSed, in erecting mills at a few^ of the many favorite mill-
sites which abound in the county; yet going to mill in those day-,
when there were no roads, no bridges, no ferry boats, and scarcely
any conveniences for travelling, was no small task, where so many riv-
ers aud treacherous streams were to be crossed, and such a trip was
often attended with ureat danirer to the traveller when- these streams
13G HISTORY Oi" HO\VAr.n AXli CriAlMTOX COINTIES.
■\vorc swollen lieyond their banks. ]5ut even unJer the^c cireunistiuiccs.
?onic of the more :tdventurous and ingonioiis ones, in case ot"
enievgeiioy, fmnul (lie u-uys and means by which to cross the swollen
stveanis, and succeed in making tlie trij.. At othei- times again, all
attem})(s failed them, and they were compelled to remain at home un-
til the waters sub-iided, and depend on the gcncrositv of their t'oi'Uin-
ate neiglibors.
Some stories are related Avith regard to the uano'cr, perils and
hnrdshi^js of forced travels to mills, and for i)ro\-isi(iiis, which remind
one of forced marches in military can)i)aigns, and when wc liear of
the heroic and daring conduct of the liardy pioneers in jirocnrir'g
bread for their loved ones, we thirds that here were heroes more val-
iant than arjy of the renowned soldiei's of ancient or modern times.
During the first two years, and perhaps not until some time af-
terward, there was not a public highway established and worked on
which they could travel ; and as the settlers were generally far apart,
and mills and trailing points were at great distances, going from place
to place was not only very tedious, but attended sometimes with great
danger. Not a railroad had yet entered the state, and there was
scarcely a thought in the minds of the people here of such a thini:
ever reaching the wild west ; and, if thought of, jicople had no con-
ception of what a i-evolution a railroad and telegra])h line throueh the
county would cause in its progress. Then there was no ra.ilroad in
the United States ; not a mile of track on the continent, while now
there are over 100,000 miles of railroad extending their trunks and
branches in every direction over our land.
Supplies in those days were obtained at St. Charles and St.
Loui.-. Mail v:as carried by horses and wagon traii-portation, and
telegrajih dispatches were transmitted by tlie memory and lips of
emigrants coming in, or strangers passing through.
The first mills were built in the forts. These were small atfair,*.
The first grist and saw mill combined \vas erected at Old Franklin, in
1819, by Shadrack Barnes, and the buhrs were set on the saw-frame.
At first the mill only ground corn which had to be sifted after it wa-
ground, as there were no bolts in the mill. There was only one run
of buhrs which, as well as the mill irons, were l>rought from St. Louis.
They were shipped up the Missouri river. The mill cost about $50.
The mill h.ad no gearing, the buhrs being located over the wheel, and.
running with the same velocity as the wheel. It was a frame mill.
one story liigh, and had a capacity of fifty bushels a day. People came
from far and near, attracted by the reports of the completion of the
lII.-TOr.y OF HOWAKD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. 137
mill, "^vith their grists, so that, for tlays before it was ready for woik,
the ri\er Ijottoiu was dotted over with huugr\ and patient men, \vait-
iniz until it was ready to do their work, so that they might return
with their meal and flour to supjjly their families and those of their
•■.cighbor?, thus enduring the hardships of camp life in those early
liays in ortler that they might be able to secure the simple necessaries
of life, devoid of ail hixuries.
HCNTING AND TRAPPING.
The sports and means of recreation v,-ere not so numerous and
varied among the early settlers as at present, but thev were more
enjoyable and ipivigorating than now.
Hunters now-a-days would be only too glad to be able to tind
and enjoy their favorable opportunity for hunting and tishing, and
even travel many miles, counting it rare pleasure to spend a few weeks
on the water courses and wild prairies, in hunt and chase and fishiug
frolics. There were a good many excellent hunters here at an enrly
d;iy, who enjoyed the sport as well as any can at the present time.
Wild animals of almost every species known in the wilds of the
west were found in great abundance. The prairies, and woods, and
streams, and various bodies of ^vater, were all tliickly inhabited be-
fore the v.'hitc' man came aud for some time afterward. Although the
Indians slew many of them, yet the natural law prevailed here as well
as elsewhere — " wild man and wild beast thrive together."
Serpents were to be found in such large uuiubers. and of such
immense size that some stories told by the early settlers would be
incredible were it not for the large array of concurrent testimony,
wlueh is to be had from the most authentic sources. Deer, turkeys,
ducks, geesa, squirrels, and various other kinds of choice game were
plentiful and to be had at the expense of killing only. The fur
animals were abundant; such as the otter, beaver, mink, muskrat,
raccoon, panther, fox, wolf, wild-cat and bear.
An old resident of the county told us, that in 1809, while he was
travelling a distance of six miles, he saw as many as seventy-three
deer, in herds of from six to ten.
HUNTING BEE TREES.
Another source of profitable recreation among the old settlers was
that of hunting bees. The forests along the water courses were e.—
pecially prolitic of bee trees. They were found in great numbers on
138 iir:<Tor.v of howakm and chakitox counties.
the IMi^souri river, and in fad. on all llic ini[i.)rtant slreani- in llic
ponnty. ]Many of the early >otth'rs, diirini?- the late .-rnnnncr, would
go into eainp for day-; at a time, for the i>nr[io?o of huntin-- and.
beciirin_2' the liorny of t'ne wild hees, whieh was not onlv extrenielv
vlch, and found in grc.it ahnudance, hut alwav.s connnanded a o-ood
price in tlie home market.
The Indians liave ever regarded the honey bee a.s the fru'crunner
of the wliito man, while it i-s a conceded f-tct that the quail ah\-a.ys
follows tlie-footin'ints of civilization.
The following pa--age i.'^ found in the " lu'port of the ]->\plorini;'
Expedition to the Kocky Monntain.*, in the year 1842, by Captain John
C. Fremont," page ('i9.
"Hereon the t^uniniit, wliere the .stillness v,-as absolute; un-
broken by any sound, and the solitude complete, we thought ourselves
beyond the regions of animated life : but while we were sitting on. the
rocks, a solitary bee came winging his tlight from the eastern valley,
and lit ou tlie knee of one of the men. AVe pleased ourselves with
the idea that he was the llrst of his species to cross the numntain
l)airicr, a solilray pioneer to foretell the advance of civilization."
Gregg, in his ■' Commerce of the Prairies," page 178, a'oI. I.,
says: "Tlie lioney bee appe;irs to have emigrated exclu>ivelv from
ll'c east, as its march has been observetl westward. The bee. nnuuig
\\esterQ pioneers, is tlie pi'overbi.d prerairsor of the Anglo-Anu-rican
populatiDU. In fact, the aborigir.es of the frontier havcgenerallv cor-
roborated this statement, f(jr the_y used to say th.-it tliej' knew the white
njan was not far behind \vhen the Ijees ai)i)cared among them."
There were other recreations, such as shooting nuitches andrpull-
ing parties, whieli obtained ir^ those da}'s, and wliich were enjoved
to the fullest e.vleiit. The cpitlting parties were especially pleasant
and agreeable to those who attemled. The established rule in
those days at these parties was to pay either one dollar in uu)nev or
split one hundred rails during the course of the day. The men would
generally split the rails and the women would remain in the house and
do the quilting. After the day's work was done the night would be
passed in dancing.
All the swains that tlifre atjicle,
With jigs ,tud riu'Lil dunce resort.
When daylight came the music and dancing would cease, and the u'al-
lant young men woidd escort the fair ladies to their resi)ecti\e homes.
WOLVKS.
One of the oldest pioneers tells us th;tl for several years after lie
IIlSTtlKV OF HOWAUl' AM) CHARITOX COUNTIES
] 3i)
(•■luic to wli:it is now known us Hownrd coxintv t'nc wolves were verv
innnofous, aiid that ho paid his taxes for many years in wolf scalps.
Hi< cabin was in tlie cd-e of the timber, that skiitod Snlphnr ereek,
and at night ilic liowh of these aninjals were so loud and incessant
that to sleep, at times, was almost impossible.
0)"ten, at midnight, all
At once there rose so wil'l a yel),
Within that dark and narrow dell,
As all the litnils from heaven that fell
Had pealed the banner-cry of hell.
At such times the whole air seemed to be filled with the vibra-
tions of their most infernal and diabolical music. The wolf was not
onlv a midnlirht prowler here, but "vvas seen in the daytime, sin£l\' oi-
ill packs, warily skulking upon the outskirts of a thicket, or salivinfc
cautiously along the open path, with a sneaking look of mingled cow-
ardice and cruelty.
CHAPTER Y.
Cuunty and TouD;hiv, Systems — Goveiiiment Surveys — Organization of Townships.
Before proceeding any further, vve deem it proper, since we are
about to enter upon tlie history of the townships, to give some exphi-
uatious of the county and township systems, and government, surveys,
as much depends in business and civil transactions, upon county limits
and county organizations.
COUNTY AND TOWKSIUP SYSTEMS.
"With regard to the origin of dividing individual states into county
and townsliip organizations, wltich, in an important measure, should
have the po.ver aisd opportuuity of tvansactiiig their own business and
governing themselves, under the approval of, and subject to, the
state and general government, of which they l)oth form a part, we
quote from Elijah 'SI. Haines, who is considered good autliority on the
subject.
Ill his " ^ia^^s of Illinois, Eelative to Township Organizations,'"
he says : —
The county system originated with Viiginia, whose early set-
tlers soon became large landed proprietors, aristocratic in feeling, living
apart in almost baronial magniiieence, on their own estates, and own-
ing the laboring part of the population. Thus the materials for a
town were not at hand ; the voters being thinly distrilnited over a
great area.
The county organization, where a few influential men managed
the wholesale business of a comniunity, retaining their places almost
at their pleasure, scarcely resitonsil^le at all, except in name, and per-
mitted to conduct the county concerns as their ideas or wishes might
direct, was moreover consonant with their recollections or traditions
of the judicial and social dignities of the landed aristocracy of
England, in descent from whom, the Virginia gentlemnii felt so much
pride. In 18o4, eight counties were organized in Virginia, and the
system extending throughout the state, spread into all the southern
states, and some of the northern states ; unless we except the nearly
similar division into "districts," in South Carolina, and that into
" ptirishes " in Louisiana, from the Freiicli laws.
in:^TOi;V OF HO^\■AKD AXU CIIAKITUX COUXTIKS. 141
Illiiioi.-, which, with its vast additional ton'itoiy, l.iecanie a
.(lui'.ty lit" ^'il■^^ili:l, on its conquest by General George Kogers Clark,
idiiincd th<j county crgani/.ution, whicii was formerly extended over
tiic >late I'V the constitution of ISIS, and continued in exclusive use,
iin'il the constitution ot" 184^. Untlm- this system, as in other states
.idoptiuL:' it, much local husiness was transacted t^v the commis.iioners
in each cnunty, wiio constituted a county court, -will! quarter]}' ses-
sions.
During the period ending with the constitution of 1847, a large
portion of tlie state had become tilled np with a popnlatiiui of jS'e\v
1-higland birth or character, daily growing more and more compact and
dissatistied witli the eon!p)aratively arbitrary and inetKcieiit county
s\stem. It was maintained 1)V the people that the heavy populated
districts would always control the election of the commissioners to tlie
di-advantage of the n)oro tliinly iiopnhitdl sections — in short, that
under that system " equal ;nid exact justice " to all parl^ of the county
<'oidd not l)e secured.
The township system lia.d its origin in Massachusetts, and dates
back to IGo-").
'!'lie t^rst li'gal enactment coneern.ing the system, pi-ovided that,
wlicrca-, " particnhir townships ha\'c many things which concern only
th<.-mselves and the ordering of their own atl'airs, and disposing of
b\i8ine~s in their <i\vn tcnvn." therefore, tlie " freemen of evorv town-
shi]i, or a majority part of them, shall onlv have jiower to dispose ot'
tiieir o^vu lanils and wooils, with all the ai)i)iirtenanees of sa.id town, to
Lfi uit lots, and to make sucli orders as may concern the well ordering
iif their own tiovns not reinignant to the laws and orders establish.ed
by the general court."
Thcv might also (says Mr. Ilaines) impose tines of not nmre than
twenty shilings. and "choose their own jiarticular officers, as cf)nsta-
'iles, surveyors for the highway and the like."
Evidently this enactment relieved the general court of a muss
of inanici[iai details, without any danger to the power of that Ijody in
<"ontrolling general measures of pul)lic policy.
Probably, also, a demand from the freemen of the towns was
felt for the control of their own home concerns.
The New J^ngland colonies were tirst governed by ;i genei-al
court or legislature, conijiosed of a governor and a snudl council,
\\ Inch court consisted of tlie most intluential inhal)itants ajid possessed
and exercised lioth legislati\'e and judicial powers, which were limiti'd
<inly by the wisdom of the holders.
Tliey made laws, ordered their e.\ecutif)n by otKcers, tried and
decided ci\il and criniinal causes, emicted all nninner ot' muincijial
reirulations, and, in fact, did all the public business of the colony.
Similar i)rovisi(nrs for the incorporation of towns were made in
the first con-titution of Connecticut , adnpted in lii.'lfi. and tlie plan of
tiiwnship (U'ganizatiun, as ex[)erience pr(i\cd i|s remarkable economy,
11
142
lIlSTi'.HJV OK JIOWAKI) ANI> CHAKITOV COUNTIKS.
efficiency and ;i/iaption to tlie reijuiienienls of a iVee anil intelligent
pfople, I)i;'eanie universal thrnuglmut New England, and went, \vest-
ward with the iinniigrants iVoni New ]-]ngland into New York, Ohio, antl
other western states.
Thus we find that the valuable system of county, townsliip and
town organizations had Iieen tlioroughly trieil and proven long before
there was need of adopting it in ^Missouri or any of the broad region
west of tiie Mississipi)! river. Jjut as the n.-w country began to bo
t)pened, and as eastern peo[)le l)egau to move westward across the
might}' river, and form thick settlements along its -western bank, the
territory and state, and county and township organizations soon t'ol-
fowed in quick succession, and those dill'erent systems became more
or less improved, according as deemed necessaiy l>y the experience
and Judgment and demands of the peojile, until tliev have arrived at
the present .stage of advancement and etticiene'V. In the setthauentof
the teri'itory of Missouri, the legislature began by orga.nizini;- counties
on the Mis.vi-.sippi river. As each new county was t'ornied. it ^va<
ii'ade to include under legal jurisdiction all the country bordering
west of it, and required to grant to the actual settlers electoral
privileges and an equal share of the county government, with those
who properly lived in the geographical limits of the count} .
1 he counties first organized along the eastern borders of the state
were given for a short time juri.-diction over the lands and sittlemeuts
adjoiuin.g each on the west, until these localities became sufficientlv
settled to support organizations of their own.
GO^■EK^ ,M EXT SUKVf.VS .
No [jerson can int<'lligent!y underst.and the history of a conntr}'
without at the same time knowing its geography, and in order that a
clear aud correct idea of the geograph}' of Howard countv may be
olitained from the language already used in detining ditierent localities
and pieces of land,v.e insert herewith the plan of government surveys
as given in Mi-. E. A. Hickman's property maj) of Jackson county.
Missouri : —
Previous to the formation of our present government, the etist-
crn jjortion of North America consisted of a numlier of British
colonics, the territory of which was granted in large tracts to British
noblemen. By treaty of 1783, these grants were acknowledged as
valid bv the colonies. After the revolutionary war. when these
colonies were acknowledged independent states, all public domain
within their bouniiaries was acknowledged to be the propti-ty of the
colony within the bounds of which saiil domain was situated.
HISTOKY or KOWAKD AM) CJIAIMTON COUNTIES. 143
Viri;ini;i claiuieil uU the northwesterii territory, iiu'ludiiig what
i- uow known as ^Viscon^in, ^lichigan, Oliio, Kentucky, Indiana and
llliiiois. Ai'ti.T a me-'.'tin;;- <d'thc representatives ul'tbe ^'arious states
to t'orni a iMiioii, A irgii'.ia eeded the northwest territory to the United
States government. This took place in 1764; tlien all this north-
west teiritoi'v heeaiiiC govenunent land. It conipri-ed all jouth ut'
thi- lakes ant! east o( tlie [Mississippi river and north and we.>t ot"
I he states liaving detinite houudary lines. Thi.s territory hail been
known as New France, and ha.l been ceded by France to England in
ITiiS). Ill the year 1803, Napoleon Bonaparte sold to the United
States all territory west of the Mississi})pi river and north of Mexico,
extending to the Kocky Mountains.
While tile public domain was the property of the colonies, it was
disposed of as follows ; Each individual caused the tract he desired to
p!ircha-e to be surveyed and platted. A copy of the survey was then
tiled with the register of laiuls, when, by paying into the state or col-
onial treasury an agreed price, the purchaser received a patent for the
land. This method of disposing of public lands made lawsuits nn:i:er-
ous, owing to ditferent surveys often including the sauie ground. To
avoid these difficulties and eifect a general moasurement of tlie terri-
tories, the United Stales adopted the pi-escnt mode or SA'steni fif laud
surveys, a d.scription of which we give, as follows :
In an unsurve^ed region, a point of marked and changeless topo-
graphical features is selected as an initial jxiint. The exact latitude
and longitude of this point is ascertained by astronomical observation,
and a suitable monument of iron or stone to perjictuate the position.
Through this i^oint a irue nortli and south line is run, which is calh'd a
princijHiJ meriJirni. This principal mei-idian may l)e extended north
and south uny desired distance. Along this line are [placed, at dis-
tances of one-lialf mile from each other, posts of wood or stone, or
mounds of earth. These posts are said to esfabliith the line, and are
called section and quarter-section posts. Principal meridians are
luindjered in the order in wliich they are established. Thr<nii;h the
same initial point from which the principal meridian v\-as survoved, an-
iitlier line is now run and esttdjlished by mile and halt-mile posts, as
betbre, in a true east and west direction. This line is called the ha.se
lidc, and like the })rincipal meridian, may be extended imletinitely in
either direction. These lines form the basis oi the survey of the
country inio townships and ranges. Township lines extend east and
west, parallel with the base line, at distances of six miles from the
base line and from each other, dividing the country into strips six
miles wide, whicji strips are called townships. Range lines lun north
and south parallel to the priucipal meridian, dividing the conntrv into
stri[)s six miles wide, which strips are called ranges. Townshi[i strips
are numbered from the ba-^e line and range strii)s are nundjcred from
the principal meridian. Town'^hiiJS lying north of the base line aie
"townships north:" those on the south are "townships south."'
The stri[) lyiu'j next the ha-e line is to\vns]iip one, the next one tt)
Ill
lil^TORY OF IIO\VAIU> AND CIIA1:I rO.V COUNTIES.
tliiit township iwo, and soon. Tlic range strips are nuni1)Ci'ei.l in tlu^
same inanner, counting tVom the princijial meridian east or west, as
the case may lie.
The township and range lines thus divide t!ie country into six-mile
squares. Each oi' those squares is called a congressional township.
All north and south lines north of the equator approach each otlier as
tlicj extend north, finally meeting at tlie noilli pole; therefore north
and south lines are not literally pai-allel. The east and west '>oun-
dar}' lines of any range heing six miles apart in the latitude of Mis-
souri or Kansas, would, in thirty miles, approach eack other at 2.!*
chains, or 190 feet. If, therefore, the width of the range when started
from the base line is made exactly six miles, it ^^■ould he 2.9 chains
too narrow at the distance of thirly miles, or live tov.-nships north.
To correct the \vidth of ranges and keep them to thejiroper \\idth, the
range lines are not surveyed in a continuous straight line, like the
principal meridian, entirely across the state, hut only across a limited
number of townships, usually five, where the width of the range is
co')i-ev(ed by begiiuiing a ne\\ line on the side of tlie range most distant
from the prlnci[)al meridian, at such a point as ^s'ill nndvc the range its
correct width. All range lines are corrected in the same man.ner.
The east and west township line on -which these corrections are nnide
are ealh-d correction lines, or standard jiarallels. Tlie surveys of the
state of ]\Iissoui'i were made from the fifth principal meridian, which
runs through the state, and its ranges are numliered from it.
The State of Kansas is surveyed and niimheretl froni the sixtli.
Congressional townships are divided into thirty-six square miles,
called sec/ions, and tire known by numbers, according to their ])osi-
tiou. The follnwing diagram shows the order of numbers iiml the sec-
tions in congre=>ional township.
_l_
i
5
-Ll_'_L
— 2 —
J
— 7 —
^L
LLLi_
1
1
_l_
— IS—
1
! 1 ' 1
i T i T
-U ._
~'h
20
i_i_i_i_
_03_l_04_
30
i
~~'\~~
1 I 1
I I I
1 : 1
1 1
31
!
1
"r
~i'~i~T~
HISTOUV OF lIO\VAl;i> AXI> CIIAIUTON" COUNTIFS
115
Soctions are diviilcd intu quiirters, ciglil!i< ami sixtcfnths, and
are deserihed by their position in tiic section. The full seclii.n con-
tain- 6-10 aci-e^, the qnnrter 160, the eighth 80, and the sixteenth 40.
In the t'ollowint!; diagram of u section the position designated by a is
known us the northwest qnarcer : / is the northeast quarter ; of the
northeast quarter; d would be the south half of the southeast quarter,
and would contain SO acres.
V Sec.
po?t
Sec. post
ft
i
Sec. post
/ j g
e
b
c
d
Sec. post
1
Congres;.-ional townships, as we luu e seen are six mile squares of
land, nnide by the town.-hip anil range lines, while civil or numicipai
townships are civil divisions, made for purposes of government, the
one having no reference to the other, though similar in name. On the
county map we see both kinds of townships — the congressional
usually designated by numbers and in squares ; the municipal or civil
t(r\vnship by name and in various forms.
By the measurement thus made by the government the courses
and distances are defined between an_y two points. St. Louis is in
tnwnsliip 44 north, range 8 east, and Independence is in tov\-nship 49
nortli, range 32 west; how far, then, are Kansas City and St. Louis
apart on a direct line "' St. Louis is forty townships east — 240 miles —
and five townshi])s south — thirty miles; the base and pei'pendicular
ot a right-angled triangle, tlie hypothenuse being the required
distance."'
OEGAXIZATION OF TOWNSlIirS.
The " township," as the term is used in common phraseology, in
nnrny instances, is widely distinguished from that of " town," though
many persons persist in confounding the two. " Li the United States,
many of the states are divided into townships of five, six, seven, or
perhaps ten miles square, and the inhabitants of such townships are
vested with certain powers for regulating their own alTairs, ?uch as
repairing roads and providing for the poor. The township is sulior-
dinate to the county." A " to\vn " is simply a collection of bouses,
cither large or small, and opposed to " country."
The most iuiportant features connected with this .system of town-
14t) IIK-.TOKV (_)I' IKTWAIJD AM) CHAIMTUX C(ilT,\TIKS.
ship surveys shntiM lio tli'U'oimiilv inidc'i-.-tfioii liv every iiuollioent
farmer ami l)iHiiie>s man ; still tlivro arc soine [xiiiils eoiineeted with
the midprstaiulini'dl' it, wiiicli need close ami careful attention. The
law whieli cstalilisheil this s_vslini) requircil that tlie north ami south
lines should eorre-pond exactly ^s•itll the uii'ri<liau passincT through
that jioint ; also, that each to^\•n^hip should lie six miles srpnn'e. To
do thi.. wouhl he an utter ini[ii)s.sihility, since tlie liixure of the earth
causes the meridian^ to C(niverge toward the pole, makiufj the north
line of each township shorter than the south tine of the same town^hiii.
To obviate the errors which are on tliis account, constantly oecurrinLV,
correction lines ai'e e-tahlishcd. Tliey are parallels hounding a line
of townships on the north, when l_\ing noitliof the principal base; on
the south line of townships -when lying south of the prip.cipal base
.from which the snrve\-s, as they are continued, are laid out anew ; the
range lines again stai'ting at correct distance-, from the principal
niei'idian. in Michi'^an these correction lines are repieated at the em]
of every tenth townsliip, but in Oregon the\- have been repeated with
every fit^li township. The instrm'tions to the surve}'ors Iku'c l)een
that cacii i'ange of townships should be made as much over six miles
in width on each base and correction line as it will fall short of the
same width where it closes on to the next correction line north ; and
it is further provided that in all cases, where the exterior lines of the
towpiships shall exceed, or shall not extend six miles, the excess of
deficiency shall be si)ecially noted, and added to or deducted tVom the
western or northern sections or half sections in such toA\nship,
according as the error may be in running tlui lines from east to
west, or from south to north. In order to throw the excess of de-
ficiencies on the north and on tlic west sides of the townsliip, it is
necessar\' to survey the section lines from south to north, on a true
meridian, leaving the result in the north line of the township to be
governed by the convexity of the earth, and the convergenc}- of the
meridians.
Navigable rivers, lakes and islands are " meandered" or sur\eyed
by the compass and chain along the banks. "The instruments
employed on these surveys, besides the solar compass, are a survey-
ing chain thirty-three feet long, of fit'ty links, and another of smaller
wire, as a standard to be used for correcting the farmer as often at
least as every other day, also eleven tally pins, made of steel, telesco|:)e,
targets, tape measure and tools for marking the lines upon trees or
stones. In surveying through woods, trees interce[)ted b}- the line are
marked with two chip? or notches, one on each side ; these are called
HK^TOKV OF IJO\\AKU AND CHAiaXON' COINTIKS
14 :
siillit or line trees. Soiiielliiie> oIIkm' trees in tlie vieinity iire hlazed
oil two sides qiirirtering to^vard tlie line; but if some distance
iVoin the line the two bhizes should he near together on the
.side lacing the line. These ;ire lound to be permanent inailcs,
nr)t whollv reco'jnizahle tor many }'ears, but carrying ivith
them tlieir own age by the rings of growth arouuvl the blaze, which
may at any .^ubserjiicnt time i)c cut out and counted as years ; and
the same arc recognized in courts of law as evidence of the date of
the survey. They cannot be obliterated by cutting do\vu the trees or
otherwise without leaving evidence of the act. Corners are marked
upon trees if found at the right sjtots, or else upon posts set in the
ground, and sometimes a monument of stones is used for a township
i'orner, and a single stone for section corner; mounds of earth are
made when there are no stones nor timber. The corners of the
four adjacent sections are designated by distinct marks cut into a tree,
one in each section. These trees, facing the corner, arc i^lairih-
marked with the letters B. T. (bearing tree) cut into tlie wood.
Notches cut upon the corner post^ or trees indicate the nunilier of
miles to the outliiics of the township, or if on tlie boundaries of the
township, to the township corners.
CHAPTER VI.
BOOXE'S LICK TOWNSllir.
Boundary — Physical Features — Lakes — Sail Springs — Indimi Mounds — Early Set-
tlers— The Name — Daniel liooue — The Date of His Visiting the Township — He
Never Manufactured Salt — Historic Ground — Character of the ICarly Settlers —
Their Troubles — Supplied Theinselvei with ilany Things — After the War of lil2 —
Biograpical Sketch of Major Stephen Cooper — Boonsboro — Its Early History —
Incident.
We shall hcgiii the township hi'itnr\' of Howard coiinly, not alpha-
betically but chronologically, giving each as nearly as wo can in the
order of their settlement, commencing with Boone's Lick town-
ship.
BOUXDAUY.
Tills township, whicli was re-organized in 1821, has .snffered no
diraunitiou of its terrritorv since that period, nor h;is its arcti been
increased. It occupies tlie southwestern corner of the county, and
is bounded on the north by Chariton township, on the east by Ivich-
niond and Franklin townships, on the south by Cooper county ai.d tlie
Missouri river, and on llie west l>y Saline county and the Missouri
river.
PHYSICAL FEATURES, ETC.
TIjc .township wa> originally heavily timbered and a great abun-
dance of the best of timl)er is now standing, but much of it ha> been
cleared oil' preparatory to tlie o|)ening of the farms, ^^■hich are llo^v
located on almost every cjuarter section of the township. The sur-
face of the .township is undulating and in many places hills and rii.lgcs
abound. Limestone is found in diti'erent portions of the town^liip.
It is well watered by Salt, Bowen's Simpson's, Brown's and Clark's
branches, tind by Sulphur and Bartlett's creek.-, all of which tlow into
the Missouri river, whichforms the southern and western border of tht-,
township. Besides these .streams of water the township, many years
ago, was noted for its lakes, known as Cooper's and. >«';ish's lakes.
The latter was cpiite an extensive body of water, :ntd at one time
covered portions of sections 27, 2s, 29, 30, o2, 33, 31. It has
HtSTOKY or }ION\Ai;U AND ClIAiUTON COLNTIKS. I'l'.l
hcen ditclifd and draiiird, and its entlfo area is now undoi- i\-nvv
and paving a vicli triliuto to tiie tarnier. Cooper's lal\cs were
located ou «ei'i.ions ? and IT, hut, like tho one mentioned, they
liave l)een draine<I and are !i')\v properly classed among tho tillable
lands of the tov;nshi[).
In this township there are a number of salt springs, the most
celebrated of these being Boone's Lick. From the date of their orig-
inal discovery, a great quantity of salt lias been manufactured from
the brine and shipped to St. Louis and elsewhere throughout the
country. A few years since a well was bored to tlie de]ith of
1,001 feet at this "'lick" from which tlowed a strean.i of brine
sufficient!}' strong and rapid to produce one hundred barrels of
superior salt in twenly-four hours.
A number (if Indian mounds are found in the townshii).
The soil is generally fair on tiie highlands and exceedingly fertile
in the river bottom. The bulk of the tobacco raised in tho county
i-i produced in this township.
KAKLY SETTLERS.
There is probably more historical interest connected with the early
history of Boone's Lick township than with any other municipal division
of the county. The great dramatist intimates there is nothing in a
name. A name, however, sometimes means a great deal, as it does in
this instance. Had the township received its name by accident, or had
it been given as the mere result of some man's capricious or idle whim,
then it could have had no significance. But when we know that it
was bestowed upon the township after mature deliberation, then it is
that we begin to rea.lize something of its imjiort, and naturally ask
ourselves the question, " "Why the uamc of Imiouc's Lick? "'
Would that we knew more of the brave hunter whose daring ex-
ploits ilhimine the pages of the pioneer histor\^ of two States I Espe-
cially of his connecti(JU with Boone's Lick township, and the Boone's
Lick country, iu honor of whom the entire region took its name.
Without stopping to discuss the seeminglv apparent conflict between
tradition and the meagre historical facts relating to the probability of
his once residing within the present limits of Howard count}-, we shall
simply state, as we did in a preceding chapter of this book, that Daniel
Boone erected a cabin and camped one winter iu the immediate vicinity
of Boone's Lick. The date of his doing this is not known. Ho had
doubtless visited the *' licks " quite often in search vi' game before
he hiid concluded to camp there. We are, lio\vcvcr, conlidenl, from the
150 mSTOllY OF I10^VA1U> and CHAUITON tOUMlKri.
IDO-'.! .•iiilhentic recorJ.s we liave exainint-d, thai tlu' daU- of hi.s filming
to Boone's Liek township was not far fVom tho beaiiiniii"; of the
prc'vL-ii! Centura'. 'J.'hat Daniel Boone cvev made salt here or elsewhere
we are disposed to doubt. He was a hnntei', both liy haliit and inolina-
tii'ii, :irid tn!lo\\-ed exi'hi-n\'oly tiie lil'e of a hunter as a livelihood, and
it is very iniprobabli,' that he would turn aside from his legitimate
avocation, and one lliat lie esteemed aljove all others, to pursue, even
for a short season, anv other employnieut, whieh at that earlv day,
promised no such lemuneration as inured to the benelit of tlie active
and vigilant hunter and skilful trappier. }Iis sons Nathan and Daniel,
however, manufactureil salt in the townslii}') some years later— in
lyOT — and conveyed the same to the river in hollow logs, so imper-
fect Avcre the f;icilities then for transportation,
Evejy acre of ]>oone"s Lick township is historic ground, hallowed
to theuieniory of tlio most distingui.-jlied i)ioneer that e\'er pitched his
tents in tlio forests of the great west. Its hills and its valleys first
echoed and re-echoed to the crack of his unerring rifle. And it may
l>e that its soil had never been touched by the feet of tlie white man
until pressed by his. As Daniel Boone was liold in adventure and
fearless in his character, and possessed many of the sterling character-
istics of a noble manhood, so were the early settlei's of this townsliip,
fearless ii\ their attempts to conquer the wilderness, and so did the}-
pobsess in a large measure, the distinguishing traits of a superior
manhood. As heretofore stated (and the fact is obtained from the
first recorded deed in the county), Joseph Marie, a Frenchman, liad
made a settlement and imjirovements in Boone's Lick township in
1800, in tlie neighborhood of Eagle's Nest, and about one mile south-
vi-e-l of Fort Kinca-id.. Col. Benjamin Cooper came in ISOs, and
located at Bonne's Ijick, but his settlement there being regarded as an
infringement upon the Indian lands, he was ordered by the govern-
ment to return to a point below the mouth of tho Gasconade, and in
doing so he established himself on Loutre island. After remidniiig
on the island for two years, and being joined there by al»out twenty-
five families, he returned with a large portion of these in the spring of
1810, to Boone's Lick, where they erected cal)ins and put in crops in
the succeeding; fall. This ^sas the lirst permanent settlement of the
township, and the embryotic settlement of IJoward county, v.liich has
widened and widened, until like the waves of the sea, it has long since
reached the remotest limits of the county, having increased more than
a thousandfold.
Among the names of th>' early settlers we tuid the folhiwing:
IIISTOUV Ul' HOWAKD AND CH.MIiTON Cin.MlKS. 151
Col. P'C".ij;!iiiii) Cooper, and :~or]s, Frank', Beiijainin, j);;\i'l, and Sar-
shall ; ri;!i-^!uil! Coopor and sons, Joseph and l-3ra.\ti.Mi ; ]5raxiori
Cooiier and h\- son Eoherl : Joim and, Abhotl Hanfuck, John and
Vv'iUiam B Tiy, Joim and IIimu'v Fenill, Poter Popineitu, ^^'il^uun
"iVull'skil! and .^on.-, Jo-oph and WHliain : James Anderson and sons,
Middleton and ^^'i^;anl : John O'lJannon, Stephen Jackson, Josiah
Thorp and sons, ^^'illianl and JfJin : (jrey Pyiiuni, Ko'Dcrt
Brown, Rohert Irwin, James Coil, James Jones, Adan* \\'ooi.is,
Gilead Pupe, Amos Asiii'raft and sons, Otho, Jesse, James and
Alexandei'.
The settlers had to eonlend with many diflicnltles, even before
the war of 181:?, eisief among \\ hieh \\'as the op[)osition of congress
to tlieir occup3'iiig lands \viihin the linut,> set apart as belonging to
the aborigines, who, however, acijuieseed in their remaining. Tlie
settlers determined they wonld not snrrender their claims, if the}'
could help it, and continued to occupy the lands they had inirehased,
derived from a Spanish grant, which had been obtained by Ira P.
Kash in the }ear ISOO. They manufactured their own jiowder and
salt, and supplied themsohes ^vith a fal.)ric, which was made from
wild nettles, and which served to them the purposes of cotton goods.
They obtained theii' meats from the woods autlthe streams, the former
abounding in choicest game, and the latter swarming ^yith varied tribes
of multitudinous fishes.
By chase our loug-lived fathers tarned their food ;
Toil strung' ttic nerves, and purified the blood;
But we, their sons, a pampered race of men,
Are dwindled down to three-score years and ten.
The}' not only had to contend v.'ith the hard.^hips and [jrivations
which fall tfi the lot of tlie pioneer in their heroic struggles to dissipate
the gloom of the forest : Vint scarcely had they completed their caljins,
beneath •whose humble roofs the}- ^vere about to enjoy the first fruits
of their hibors, when a more terrible ordeal, through v.iiich they wore
destiued to pass, suddenly confronted them. War had been declared
against Great Britain, and that nation had incited the Indians upon
oui- frontiers to deeds of violence. It was so here, and to protect
themselves against these savages they were com])elled, single-handed
and unaided, to build a fort (Fort Cooper), where they remained ihe
greater part of three years. [For further history in reference to
Fort Cooper see preceding chapters.]
"When peace was concluded ^^ 18 1.')), the settlers commenced the
152 ini^TORY or hov.ai;i:> and ciiAniT'tN cointiks.
woik- of iiiipnuTiiit'iit in earnest. Tlioy wcrf principally from Ken-
tucky, and wore noted ibr their liberality an<l kiudncs-;, ami t'or the
high standard of morality which thev in'onirht with them, a'ld which
they maintained even when they wore no longer a law >into them-
selves, and after the}' had become siiliject to the jurisdiction of terri-
torial laws. John and Ilmn-y Fei'rill and Kobcrt Hancock were from
Tennessee ; James Kyle from Virginia ; Grey Bynum from South Car-
olina : Stepihen Jackson from Oeorgia.
MAJ. STJEFilEX COOrjiR.
Maj. Stephen Cooper, who now resides in Colusa, California, was
one of tlie pioneers of Boone's Lick township, and being one of the
ver}' few men living who shared \vith the early settlers the dangers
and difSculties of that eventful period (the Mrst settlement of Howard
county), we publish in this connection a sketch of his life, feeling eon-
fideut that it will be perused with great interest : —
My parents emigrated from Virginia to Kentucky at a very early
day. 'My father's name was Sarshall Cooper. ^Nly mother was in the
fort at Boonsboro at the time it was besieged by the Indians. My
father was at some other station, the name of which 1 do not now re-
member. I was born in Madison county, Kentucky, March 10, 1797.
In 1810 my father emigrated to [Missouri and settled at Cooper's fort
in Howard county. St. Louis was then but a small French village,
with a t'QW miserable houses, mostly thatched with stra^v. At that
time, and for sevei'al years afterwards, the settlers generally li\ed in
fortilied houses, or forts, as thev were called, on account of the In-
dians, ^ly father had command of three forts, viz : Cooi)er"s fort.
Hempstead and Kincaid. The two latter were ten miles from tht>
former. For several years we had no organized government ; each
did what he thought right in his own eyes, and we hail very little
trouble in our own fort — in fact we never had any. Sometimes my
father and uncle would be sent for to go to the other forts to settle
some slight difliculty, but never anything serious occurred. On one
occasion a Frenchman had stolen twenty dollars — a large amount at
that time. He was ordered to leave the settlen:ent. He begged hard
to be permitted to come back at the end of a year, and ho promised
so faithfully to behave himself well, if he were allowed to, that the
desired permission was given, and after serving out his term of ban-
ishment lie returned, and was ever after a good citizen.
STYLE OF LIVING.
AVe lived very simply in those days. Coifee svas worth 50 cents
per pound in St. Louis, and it was seldom we saw eitiier tea or coifee.
We had no markets for our produce, so we merely raised enough for
our own consumption, our ^irincijjal products being corn. hogs, cattle.
HI>TOHy OF lI(_>\VAi;i> AX1> CIlAltnON' CdUNTlES. 1^3
.•iiiil .-^onie little 'vheut, the oM-la^iiidiicil ox-iniil-. ( so-c':i!k'i.l ), lieiiii:
alxnit the (iiii}- \n\\\^ in the (■(uniii'y. We faised cotton eiioui:h t'oi- oiir
own ti-o, and with that and the wool which came iVoni our sheep, our
women folks made nearly all tlie clothiriii- worn iiy either men or women.
! )iirinir
THE WAK Ol" 1612
1 served as a volunteer in my father's eoivjpaiiv, who ^v^is under the
eomniand of Gen. Henry Dodg-e, a great liidiau lighter and afterwards
United States Senator from ^^'isconsill. 1 was detailed as a sjiy, and
was often sent out to look for Indian trails, camps, or fortifications.
On one occasion, accompanied by Josejjh Stills (whose two brothers
and son-in-law are now residing near Stockton, in this State), wo
^\ere siirroundi.'d by about three luindrcd Indians. In attemptinix to
charge through them, Stills -^vas shot from his luirse and instantly killed.
Myself antl horse escaped unhurt. At that time I killed the priucij^al
" brave" of the Sac nation. It h.as always been my motto never to
run witli a loaded gan in tiiy hand.
M}' father \vas siiot and. instaritly killed, sitting by his own tire-
sii.le, by an Indian, who picked a hole in the wall one dark, stormy
riight. Tliis was after we had hear<! that peace had been declared
in lbi5.
Many inci^Ients occurred in my younger days which it would take
a volume to relate. Once, while attending school, an alarm of
"Indians!"' was given. I threw my book across the room, never
stopping to See where it fell, and seized n)y gun. This. was about the
close of the war, and the alarm proceeded from a large party of
Indians who Avere on their way to St. Louis to make a treaty with the
United States government.
THK INDIANS
continued to commit depredations occasionally, oven after peace
had l)eca made. On one occasion they took two negroes wlio were
chopping wood and carried them off.. The alarm was given and
seventy or eighty men collected together and pursued them. About
dark v,c struck the trail. 'We were all mounted, and my brother and
myself jnit our horses on a lope. Directly my horse jumped over an
Indian fire, from which they had just fled, leaving their meat still
roasting over the coals. Wc heard one of the negroes cry out, but it
was so dark we were miable to find him or his captors. A few days
after we found his body. The other negro was never heard of.
THE .SANTA FE TKADE.
1 was one of a part}' of fifteen who first opened the Smta Fe
trade in 1822. In 1823 I went on a second trip to Santa Fe as leader
or captain of thirty men. Our stock in trade was princijially dry
goods, for which we expected to gel money in return. All wcnt^
154 HisroKY OF iiOMAj;u and ciiakitox countie.s.
prosperously with us till daxbroak on tlie niutnin^- ot' the tirst oi'
June, when a party ol'Lidiaus tired (in us, stampeuetl our hor.se.?, and
ran ofl' every head, except jJx, wjiieh we saved. Fortunatelv none ot"
us \\erc killed or woinided, although I inanagetl to kill one Indian.
This occurn.'d on the hanks of the Little Arkansas. In company with
five clliLr.5 I wciit back lo JIi.^.^our^, honuht horses and returncij to
our company. "WLien we tiol in siiiht ot" the canin, we saw fnlh- tit'ieen
hundred Indians in and around the >anie. 'Jliis hioked rai her sr|ually,
and some j)roposed lo back out; 1 told them they <;ouUl do as tliev
pleased, but I should uo on to our comrades, it' no otiicr man went
with me. Finall}' wo all went iqi, and t'ouml it to be a. partv of
friendly Kaw^ Indians on a butlalo hunt — a diU'orent trilje t'voui th(jse
who had stampeded our horses.
^^'e pursued our journey without any liirther molestation tVom
Indians, but sometimes sutfercd sc\-erely from want of water. On
one occasion eight of our men gave out entirely on that aceoinit, and
were unable to travel. The rest of. the company, with the exceptionof
myself, cut the lash ropes from their packs, scattered the goud^ upon
the ground, took the ijest liorses and scattered oil' like crazy men f_>r
water, leaving me and tlie eiglii men behind. Some of those who
Were leaving u.^ fell on theii' knees and {dead with me to go with tliein
and save my own lite ; urging as a reason that the men were bound
to die, and that I eonhl do them no good by staying. I said J would
not leave them as long as a lireath of life was left in om: of tliem ;
that if they found water they shoiild return to u^. This \vas one or
two o'clock in the afternoon. '\\'l!en it became dark 1 built a fire of
buffalo chips, and fired guns in the air as a signal to guide them to us.
About midnight four of the men returned with water and we were all
saved. The others li.id drank sf) much water that they were iniable
to return, and lemained by the water hole. We were lost in aitomin-
ing to reach them, and it ^^•as four days before we f'ouni.l them.
From thi.s time on to the end of our Jouriuy we had no further
difficulty.
In 18i'.'> file United .States goverun.ieut laid out a road from the
borders of Missouri to Santa Fe. I was apjiointed pih)t ami captain
bv the conijiau}'.
In the Ijlackhawk war in L'!.'-'i3, I vohniteered and acted as a spy
and guide under Captain Mat-cn. After he was ealled in, I joined the
coiupany of Ca])tain Hickman of Boone comity, ]\Iis>ouri, in the same
capacity, and served till the close of the war.
In 18.37 Governor Boggs, of ^Missouri, a[ipointed Col. Boone,
Major Berrecroft ami m}"self commissioners to locate and mark out
the northern boundary of Missoiu'i, wiiicli we did. President Van
Buren appointed me Indian agent for the Pottawatomie, Ottawa and
Chippewa tribes of Indians — hcad(piarters Council Blull's. The ap-
])ointment was unasked for, and Iretained it until removed by Presi-
ikMit Tyler for ]iolitical reasons. In l>^4i I was elected to the
le;rislature of Mi-sonri from Ilolt county. I re!iieml)er at one time
Hl.-TOKV l)F H<nV.M!D AND ClIAl.lTON COTNTIK^. lO-"*
(liii'iii<x tb.c :>e,s<ioi) makinii' llif i'eni;irk that I expected ro live to see
the ]Mit".-is>iii[!i river luid the P;ieilie ocean conneeted by a railroad,
v\ liieh caubcd a great deal of laughter.
CAI^irOKXIA.
In the suiiimer of 1845, 1 was induced by several letters reccivevi
iVoiii Colonel Bcntun, slating that ir,y sei-vices v.'ould lie needed, to
accompany Colonel Fremont on his exiieditiou to Calit'ornia. I went
with him as far as Benl".s fort, on the Arkansas, where I informed him
I could go no further with liim. There the conipauv divi<led. Colonel
Fremont with his party pursuing his original plan, wiiilst 1 went
south through a part of Texas, returning home that winter. I ha\'e
omitted to mciition that ] was married in IS'Ji. A\'e have had six
childreii — I'our daughters and two sons — all of whom, with their
mother, arc still living. I base alro sixteen grandchildren.
In the spring of 184(j, 1 set out with ui}' entire family for Califor-
nia, ami was captain of the train, composed of several families, and
numbering twenty-eight wagons. Nothing unusual occuri-cd tn irs till
we struck the Humboldt. One day after \ve reached tlie river 1 was
riding ahe;ul of the train, when 1 met, a man who halloed "Hurrali
tor California I " He was so excit,?d that, it was with ditHculiy I could
stop him. At last 1 succeeded and asked him what the news was. He
said the American tlag was living over California. Tliis was the first
we knew of the ^Mexican war. \Mieu we reached tlie train one wild
hurra!) was heard froni one end to the oiher, in which men, women
and children all joined.
We struck the .Sacramento valley on the 5tli of October. 1.S4G.
That winter I sto[iped at Yount's ranche in Napa vallcv — a uian
who, in my opinion, did mor<- for the early emigrants o{ California
than all the l-iutters ever did.
On the night of the 2:?d of February, 1847, I presided over the
first [jolitical mectine ever held by Americans in California, in a little
village then called Yerl)a Buena, now known as San Francisco. The
object was to co-operate with Fremont in forming a council to fr;; mi,-
laws for our future government. He selected seven men — two Enu-
lishn'.ei', two Mexicans, or Culifornians, and three Americans- — old
residents of the comiti'}' ; but General Kearney superseding Fremont
al)out this time, the council soon ceased to exist.
On the 4th of July, 1847, George Youut and nivself gave the
first public 4th of July dinner ever given in California. We had
a large turn out, and everything passed off pleasantly ; I still have
the flag improvised for the occasion. It has the stripes of our na-
tional flag, with a lone star, and the inscription, " California is ours
as long as the stars remain. "
In the fall of 1847 I removed to Benicia, where 1 was appointeil
alcalde by Governor ^lason, and was afterwards elected alcalde and
judge ot' the first iustaiie-e, ff)r the eountrv north of the bay of San
Francisco and we^t of the Sacramento riwr. fn the fall of 1><'>4 I
156
HISTOliY Of HCiWAKI) AND fllAUlTO-V CnrNTir-S.
removod to Colu?!:i, %\!k'1c I have since resided. I wa?; soon. !iftei\v;'.rd
olected justice of the peace, and re-elected several terms, hnklinL; tliat
office for twelve successive years.
I vot(>d three times for J;H-ksoii, and also cast my vote for Van
Bureii, I'ollv, Pi<'rce, Brcckinridiie, McClellan, tiej^mour, Tildcii and
Hauccrk.
CH APT Eli A^II.
FKAMvLIN TOAVXSITIP.
Bouudnrv — rhviical Feutures — E»riy Soillers — Muiy Jones' Kecolls-'Ction of Early
Pays — Kit C;lr^oIl — Hardeman's Garden- — Franklin — Its early History and Business
Men — Its Tulcuted and Distin2;ui5hed Citizens — Santa Fe Trade — Lawyers, !News-
papers and Churches — Travel — County Seat changed to Fayette — A Le".ter — Post-
masters of Old Franklin — Isew Franklin — Early Business Men — Lottery- — Town
Incorporated —- Population and Present Business — Secret Orders — Estill — Incidents
of the Highwater of 1844.
BOUNDARy.
Franklin township itaivls as it did v.heii erected by tli'' county
court, in T.Sl'I. In area, it is tdjout .''0 miles sqiuire. It is bounded
on the uf)rtli by llichniond tuid Boone's Lick to\vnshi[)s ; on the cast
l.iy ^lonitcan township ; on the south by Cooper county, from which
it is sr'parated by the Missouri river ; and on tlic west by Boone's Lick
township.
rUVSICAL FEATURES.
Portions of this towiLshi[) are quite hilly: much of the hiiirh land,
however, is undidating. The soil is generally good, and is liigldy
productive. 1"he bottom land on the ^Missouri river, is of a suiierior
qutdity and produces bountiful crops, especially of corn. The hill-
lands gro'A excellent wheat, which is quite e.\tensively raised in the
township. Tins township is fairly drained, the chief water courses
being Bonne Femme and Sulphur creeks. The Bonne Femuie and its
aiilucnts How nearly south through the township and empty into the
^Missouri river. Sulphur Creek passes also south, ti little west of the
centre of the township, thence east through sections 32, 33, and
unites with the Bonne Femme.
EARI.Y SETTLERS.
We have already (elsewhere in this book), given the name of one
of the earliest settlers in Franklin townsliip. This was an Indian
trader, by the name of Brewitt, who was here prior to IS04. The
next pioneers, who were jiossildy the first permanent seltle;>, of
U (167)
158 lusTORV OF lIO^^Al;l) and ctiAinrox Coi'ntik.s.
wliniii \vc have nuv kiiowlodLi-e, wlio c;i;n'.' to tlio towii'?!ii[), were
Will. ^Iiiiiroo ■A'A'l m'\\\-, who ^elLli'il in ihc tiMvnshii) in the spi'hig
or sniiiiiier of l^itS ; it is, lioweNx-r, not know ii preei-^ely, where
he lir^t pitehed liis tent. Tliey went to Kentueky the ;^anie year
iu eoiiipany with others, ami returned ami settled in tiie same
townshiii in ISll. Andrew Smith ami Amos Primes wcvv early set-
tler^, coininL;' in lS;i9,the former arriving on the 3d <d' July. James
Alcorn, Pi-iee and John Arnold, Jo eiih and David Boggs, Pohert and
William Saimiel, Tov,-nseiid Brown. Cliristopher and Xiehohis T.
Biirekhartt, Lindsay Carson and son,>, "Kit," Andrew and .Moses ;
Charles nnd William Caiiolo, Isnae Clark, Josepli, James anil I'errin
Cooler, James Cockrcll, James, John, I'eter and ^Vi]liam Gk'ason,
James Douglas, Draiiel Durhon, John Klliott, father of Col. >". G.
Elliott ; Hiram, Beuheii, Sarshrdl and Simeon Fugate, Iteuben Gentry,
Abner, John and Wm. Grooms, Alfred and ■Moses Heail, IJohert
llinkson, who niov^'d to Boone county, Xoali Katon, Josepli, AVilliam
and Ewing MeLain, doseph Moody, ^Irs. Su;an ]\Iulliir'^, 'riioi.ipsun
^lulliir--, AVm. Pipes, Ciiri-toiiher, James, Jesse and Sihis Kicliard-on,
John }ii'pe, Thom.'t- Sniitli, Jolni and James Sncuthan, Joseiih Still,
John Slinson, Solomon, David ami John Tetlers, Isaac and John
Thornton, Jonathan Davis, Elisha ani.l Levi Todd, James Phillips,
Jesse Turner, Thomas Vaughan, Pohert Wild-, \Vm. \Vatkins. James
"Whitley. Kev. Dav!d, Joseph, William and ]"\ving M./Lain wei'e rdso
."some of the hr.-t settlers in the town-hip, and were connected with
Fort Tviucaid during tlie war of IS 12.
Connected with Fort Hempstead, which was also located in
Franklin township, were Amos. .Tesso and Otto AUbright, Aquilla,
Abraham, James, John and Shadracli Barnes, Boberl Barclay, Cam[)-
bell arul Delaney Bolan. Da\i.l and Ileur}- Biirii^, Prior Duncan.
Stephen and John Field, John Hines, Usebines Ilnbiiard. Asaph and
Daniel Hubiuird, Jose[Ji Jolly, since of Jolly's bottom. Cooper
county; John, David and Matthev,- Kincaid, .\dam McCord, Daniel
and John Monroe, John ]\hitlie\\"s, ^\'m. Xash, Gilead Puiu;, Enoch,
Isaac and "Wm. Taylor, Enoch Turner, Giles and Britton AViiiiams,
Frank Wood, and Henry Weetlen. The above settlers all came prior
to LSl-2.
.MI;S. .MARY JONES' RECOLI ECTION OF KAI;LY DAYS.
The only person now living in Franklin Townsb.ip, \\-ho was old
enough while living in Fort Hem[)Stead to take cognizance of -what
was then passing, is Mary Jones, (ji-, as she is familiarly called, ■• Aunt
HISTORV or lIO^VAlMi AM) CllAKlTOX fOUXTIES. {!}{'
Pollv Jones," fonnorly " Polly Suodih'." She is the ilauuliter of
Aiulrew Smith and Sarah Sci-ihncr, and \vas l)oi-n in Pulaski ciumtv,
Kentneky, in 1-^01. Her lather <'niiiTrat(Ml to Missouri, St. Charles
eoiinty, in L^dT, and stopped for several weedcs with his family at the
hnsjiitalile cahin of Daniel l>oone, the di.^tinji'ui.-hed huntt-r and pio-
n er, \yho liad oome iVon\ Kentucky to St. Charles county, in 17'J5.
After remaining in that county until 1800, Smith came u[) the Missouri
river, accompanied hy his family and hringinir all his woildly L'oods.
Those he transported on oneof ])aniel P>oon(>"s hoats — a kind of keel
boat whieli had l)een nsed h\' the latter when sending!; salt, peltries,
etc., tr> St. Ijouis. The propelliuL;- power of this water-craft eonsi.-ied
of a very sini])le piece of nnichinery, to-wit : — a long pole, made gen-
erallv of some light wood, with an iron hoo!; tixed in one end of it.
One end of the pole was thrust do^vn into the water, until it rested on
the ground, and the other was adjusted to the arm. Against this the
p:irty or [lartics in the boat W(Kihi push — walking the entire U-ngLh of
the hout and then repeat.
The faniilv reached Howard county, Franklin township, on the
ninming of Julv od, 160'.', and landed near a cahin which had lieen
erected by Amos Piarnes. After their arrix'al and .settlement, thev
found that they v.ere truly in a nild country, and tliat their neighhors
were ^•erv tew. Among these Mrs. Jones remembers John Pierrv,
L)avid Mcliain, and ^^'illiam Lrinvn.
The family luiilt a cabin and cleai'cd a piece of ground, where they
ra.ised three small crops. In February, 181;^, thev went into Fort
Hempstead, rather than return to St. Charles county, or liOutre
island. The Indian war had commenced the siiring before, and all
the settlers were compelled to enter one of the forts, or seek anoll'.er
location, ^vhic!l would lie out of danger. Sixteen persons lei't the fort
for St. Charles county, but Andrew Smith determined lo remain, and
was made first corporal in Ca[)tain Sarshall Cooper's company. The
two first settlers killed by the Indians (Todd and Smith), were kins-
men of ^Irs. Jones, the former a cousin and the hitter her uncle.
One among the first rumors of Indian outrages that occurred, Mrs.
Jones says, happened in Cooper countj' (then a i)art of Howard). A
pioneer by the name of Wm. Ramsey, after having erected a cabin, had
occasion to leave home, going only two or three miles, leaving his wife
and three children. AVhile he was gone, a few of the ]\Iiauii Imlians
went to th(; cabin whei'e they found Mrs. Ivtimscy in bed, >ick. Hav-
ing Inul the ery-iiielas in her head.lier hair was cut shoit like a nniu's,
and the Indians, believing her to be a man, killed her in lied. After-
I'lO HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CIJARITOX COUNTIES.
wards, di-coveriiiL!: t'.uU slic w;is ;i ^v(;m:ln (heariiip; her children cry-
in<x anil calliniz' hor mother), thoy took lier boitv and roasted it on a
tire wliii.'Ii thoy in:idc near tin.' raiiin. and burned her chiklrcn at'ler
killing thrill wltli thcirtoniahav.-jcs. Among the early preachers in the
fort, \vn.5 "Wni. Thorp, who \vas a Iniptist. Slie spoke of anotlier
Baptist minister, Eldei' David McLain, wiio was the first man to jn-o-
claiin the "Gospel of Peace" to liie settlers of the Ijoone's Liclv
country.
Dr. James ^I. Peck, in his memoirs, speaks of Elder David McLain
as follows : ■ — •
The only one tiiat remains to be noticed is Elder David ]\IcLain.
He was the tirst Baptist minister that came from Central Kentucky to
the Boone's Lick country with the iirst colony in 1810. Early in
March, 1813, he started on horseback to Kentucky in company with a
man named Young. They travelled without molestation till thev
reached Hill's ferry, on the Kaskaskia river, the old trace from St.
Loui.s to Vinccnnes, via Carlyle, tiie seat of justice of Clinton countv,
Illinoi>. Three I'amilics that resided here, being alarmed by Indian
signs, had h'ft the terry for one of the settlements in St. Clair counts'.
The ferry-boat being fastened to the west bank, the two travellers crossed
with tlieir horses, and had not proceeded more than half a mile before
they were fired on by Indians. Mr. Young was shot, and fell from
his horse. Mr. McLain's horse was sliot through the bod3', and fell,
but the rider extricated himself, threw his saddle-bags into the bush,
and ran for liis life, with several Indians in chase. Soon after, all the
Indians fell back but one stout, athletic fellow, tiiat seeiued detei-
niined not to lose his pi-cy. Elder }iIcLain was encumbered with a
thick overcoat, with wrappers on his legs, and boots and si)urs on his
feet. The Indian fired and missed him, which gave him tlie chance
to throw otf his overcoat, in hopes the ]n'ize would attract the atten-
tion of his pursui'r. The other Indian^ having fallen back. ]\Ir.
^NIcLain made signs of surrender as this one ap[)roaehed liitn, having
loaded his gun. In this way he deceived his foe till he got within a
few feet, when he assumed an attitude of defiance, walciied his mo-
tions, and, at the instant he fired, dodged the ball, and then, with all
the energy he could command, ran for his life. The contest c(ui-
tiuucd more than one hour, during which his foe fired at him seven
times. In one instance, as he threw his l)rcast forward, untVu'tunately,
he threw his elbow back and received the ball in his arm. During the
chase he cfuitriveil to throw oil' his boots and spurs. Tlie\' had run
three or four miles in the timber buttom down the ri/cr. and at a
bend caiue near the Ijank. Elder MeLaiu found himself nearly ex-
hausted, and it seemed to him hi-^ last chance of escape was to -wim
the river. He plunged in, making the utmost effort of hi-; remaining
strength, and yet lie had to keep an eye constantly fix^d on liis wily foi».
who had loaded hi< L;un for the eiiihtli time, and from the bank brought
HISTORY OF IIOWAKU AND ClIAIUTON COUNTIES. IGl
it tua poise, ai-.tl fu'cd u •-(•eond time after ^JcLaiii (lo\-e in deep \vaiei.
IJv swiininiiig diaoDiialiy down the stream ho hud gained ou hir> pui-
suer, who, with, the s;ivaire yell peenliar on siieii occasions, cave np
the chase, and returned to his hand. Doubtless his rejiort to the
braves was tiiat he had followed a •' Great ^Medicine,'" who was so
charmed that his musket balls oould not hurt him.
On reachinix the shore, Mv. McLain ^vas so exhausted that il was
with the utmost ditlicnlty lie could crawl up the bank, lor he wa- in a
profuse [scrspiration •\\h>'n he pbi'.iu'ed into tiie cold Avater. lie was
wet, chilled tlirouLdi, badly wounded, and could not stand until he
had rolled himself on the ground, and rulibed his limbs to bring the
blood into circulation. It was thirty-tlve ndles to the Badgley settle-
ment, where Elder Daniel Badgley and several Baptist fandlies lived,
wdiich ]Mr. ilcLain, after incredildc effort and suffering, reached the
ne.xt morning. There, with his wounded arm and a burning iever,
he lav several week.-, till some of his friends came from the Boone's
Lick settlements and took him to hi< family. A party of volunteers
went over the Ka>kaskia river, Imricd Mr. Young, found ^IcLain's
saddle-bags, with tlie contents safe, but saw no Indians.
Atr- .Tniu'- says. A\hile in the furl, if any man went to sleep on
his watch, while acting as -entinel, the penalty impo.--ed lor his co;/';'f-
tf.mpa, was the grinding of as many [lecks of corn with a hand-mill, as
there were widows in the fort (Ilempslead). There were seven
widows in the fort and each became the recipierit of a peek of meal,
whenever the sentinel slei)t on duty. James Barnes taught school in
Fort Kincaid. Among the llrst black-ndths in and out of the funs,
were Wm. Canole, Charles Canole and a man named AYhitlcy.
The first school teacher outside of the forts, in the t(nvnship, was
Grey Bynum. wdio xva'^ also the first circuit court clerk. Mr. r>ynum
was a South Carolinian by birth, and came to Howard county among
the first endgraut?. His school was taught in a cabin which >tood
near the present Hicknuui grave yard, and about one mile south of
the present residence of Christopher Burckliartt.
DF.SCIIII'TIOX OF THK SCHOOL HOUSE.
As the building in which this original school of the country was
taught would be regarded in this day and age as something of an
architectural Nvomhr. we will descrilie it : —
It was erected by the people of the neighborhood ; was built of
round logs, the space between them chinked and then daubed \slth
mud. About five feet from the west wall, on the in~idc, and al)OUt
tive feet high, another lou' was phnx'd, running clear across the i)uild-
iiiir. Puncheons were tixed on this loo: and in tin' Avest wall on whiili
162
HISTKOY OF nO\\Ai:U AND CirAIilTON COLWTIES
tlio c'liiriiney -was built. Fuel (•nukl (hen be u^ed of :iuy loiiuth not
greiucr than th.o wi'lth vl' ihe Iniilding, and when it wa< bui-nod
through iu the niidiilc. the end- were crowiled together; in this. man-
ner was avoided the ncoe>.<it_v oC so mneli wood ciiopjiing. Tlu'-re
M'as no danger of burning the Horn-, as it was made of diil. 'J'iie
seat'^ ^\ero made ot' stools or benches, eonstrueled by splitting a log,
and hewing off the splinters from tlie ilat side antl then putting four
pegs into it from the round side, for legs. The door was nnuie of
cla})boards ; no windows. AVooden pins were dri\en irdo a hig run-
ning lengthwise, upon which was laid a board, and this constituted
the writing i.le>k.
Althougli not a professional teacher, Mr. Rynum esteemed it a —
Delightful task, to reur I'rn' tendci- thought,
To te.ich the vouug iilea how to shoot,
and achieved for himself such a reputation in the community that his
patrons said —
Ht was 0 scholar, and a ript; aud good oue.
Attending this ]nnneer school, were the children of the neighbor-
hood, \vithin a radiir~ of ti\'e miles. Anuing these, was ^Irs. .b.nes,
Matthe\N' Kincaid, Dureas Kincaid, the Alcorn children, the Hubbartls
and others. Mrs. Jones has in lier pos.-ession two of the schoid books
that she then, studied. These are \ery old and faded in a[ii>earancc.
They are "Kentucky I'receptor" ;ind "Lessons iu Elocution," and
were ptiblishcfl aljout the } ear l.^OO. Tlte date of publication of each
was tcn-n out, but we a;cevtained abiuU the timt} they \vere issued by
reading soiue of thoir ccndents, treating of cvmits which took place
about the peri(.)d mentioiied. These books, were ijurchased bv Oaniel
Boone, in St. Louis, between INIO and 1812, whither he ha<i gone
with a load of skins and furs. A few of the neighlicu-s in Franklin
township, from whom he purchased peltries, relple:^ted him to firing
them some text-books, and these were two of the selcctioirs made by
him.
Judge Abiel Leonard, also taught a school soon after liis arrival
in 1819, in the sanu' tov,-n-hip, near Old Franklin. I'leing an obscure
and humlile pedagogue, he afterwards reached the nmst honoralde
and exailed judicial position in his adopteil State, — lieing appointed
jikIl'^c of the .Supreme court, — whii'h po>ition he till<-d with niarked
ttliilitv, until he was compelled to re-ign on aceount of ill liLalth.
The tii'st marriage that occurred in Franklin townshi|i, and prob-
HISTOnV Ol' UOWAUD AND CllAiaT<5>; COUNTIES. lO.'i
:iblv tlie tiist in Howard (.■nuiily, w;is tliat of Kobort Cooper and
Elizabeth C;irjoii, in the spi-iiiii' of 181U. The ceremony took phicc
;it the re.sideiu-c (^log ealiin ) ol' the bride's lather, Lindsay Carson,
whu wan the t'athei- of " Ivil " Carson, the preat ?,eout. The invited
uaiests we'e munerons, enihraeing the entire iieighl)orliood. ^Ir.
Car~on soiahl to make tlie oeeasion one of l)iisiuess as \vell aa
pleasure, for after the marriage had been solemnized, the male por-
tion of the guebt-, assislei] him in I'ai^ing a house, the groom being
one of the most a.etis'e workmen present.
jMrs. Jones says the iir-t birth in the county (and in Franklin
township, occurred in the famil\' of Elder David MeLain.
The first persons to die from disease were Daniel Monroe's wife
and infant ehiM.
Thomas .'^nutli was the tirst shoemaker in all the Boone's Lick
country, anvl !ii~ \'."ife, Sarah, \va^ an ade[)t in the art of making moc-
casins. Dr. Tiglie was the pioneer ])h}"sician of the township, and
made his home f(ir a short' time at Andrew Smith's.
AVidle 'Mrs. Jonas was stc)[i[iing at the house of Daniel Boone,
in St. Ciiarh.'s county, she saw the old hunter eating raw-meat
quite often. He seemed to be especially fond of raw venison and
prefei'red it to the most delicately cooked and hi:j:hlv sea-:oned \iands.
His early life ■'.vas such — living almost constantly in the woods —
that he was at times compelled to eat raw meal, and Itecoming
habituated to the use of it, he learned to lik;' it.
Mrs. Jones, is iiou' in the eighty-second year of her age, and is
in the enjoyment of good iiealth and an excellent, vivid ni.emory.
She resides with her son, James Snoddy, who was a child by a former
niarriage. She is active au'l indu.-trious, ami V(dur.taril\' does her
part of the household work — preferring a life of industry, even at
her advanced age, to a life of indolence and ease.
When a^ked whether she would like to live over auain the yeai's
of her pioneer life, she answered with much earnestness: "If I
knew where there was such a country as this was seventy rears at:;o,
1 would go to it, as old as I am." We hope that the brittle thread
of life may be lengthened out to this octogenarian many spans, and
that by and b\' it may be said of her : —
Of no clisterai>iT, of no bhist she died,
But fell like nulumu fruit that nicl'.ou'd loii,2;
Even woni.lortjJ at, bec:ui»o she dropt no sooner.
Fate seemed to wind her up for four-score years;
Yet freshly ran sUe on leu winters more;
Till like a clock worn out with eatin;^ time,
The wheeLs of weary life at last stood still.
164 IlISTOKY OF HOWAIMi AM) CHAiniOX COUNTIKS.
J^^lttliO^^■ Mullins nml sister, who now rosido in Fruiikliu
township, were :ilso in one of the forts ( llempstead), in LSI"), liut
being stiiul! cliildreu, rcspccti'iclv Iwi) and four rears of age, the}'
now have no recolicetion of any of the early events that transpired
during that memorable era in tiio histoiy of tlie count_y.
Mrs. I'oll}' Jones, ^latthew Mullins and sister arc the only jiersons
now living in Howard county, who liveil in the forts. E[)liraiHi
Mt'Lain, of Saline county, and Samuel Cole andThos. ^SleMalKiii, and
his brother .Jaeksou, of Cooper count \", also resided in the forts during
tiie warof 1S12, where they remained for several years. These are
all the survivors of that early day that the autlior could hear of, now
living iu Howard and adjacent counties. Tliere are doubtless a few
others iu California and elswhere throughout the country, but they
are few iu number, and are "Waiting by the river."
KIT CAIISON.
Among the men ^vlio once lived iu Franklin to'wnship, who
afterwards achieved a uotoriet}' in western annals, \v:is tlie great
scout. Kit Carson. He was born iu ?*Iailison county, Kentucky,
on the 24tli day of December, 1809, and his fatiier, Lindsay
Carson, emigi-ated to Howard county in 1810, bringing his family
with him. After their arrival, they built a cabin and raised two
small crops and then \sMth otiier old settlers in that jiortiou of the
county, went into Fort Kincaid. .\fter the ^var, his fathiu' ap[U'en-
ticed him to David W(U-kman, who then resided at Franklin, to learu
the saddler's trade. He remained with AVorkman two years; his
labcu's becoming ii-ksome, he left, and in LS2(i, he joined a jjarty
destiiicd for tlie EoelvV mountains. Crossing tlie plains at thai day
was a dangerous undertaking. There were then no guiiles and charts,
and nothing indicating springs and camp-grounds. These oases of
the American Sahara, had not at that time been pressed by the feet
of the while man. They had. been trodden only by the buffalo, the
wild horse and the savage Indian. The man, therefore, who cros-ed
the plains to Santa Fe, was in 'every sense of the word, a hero. Kit
went into Santa F^e, New Mexico, which country thereafter becanie
the field of his remarkable and daring exploits. He remaiiu'd in that
country, until his death, which occurred iu ISiJO. (Juite a number of
his relations now reside in Ho^vard county. Among these, are Ham-
ilton Carson, his brother, and George H., .James T., Frank, George
\V.. and Dudley Carson, his nei>hews.
HISTORY OF HOWARD A\t> CIIAraTOX COUXTIES. I'iO
haedf-man's garden.
In the history of Franklin township, we slioulil not forget to
mention " llanlenian's garden," which was located about live miles
;;!)uvc Old Franklin, nearly oppo-ile to the mouth of the La Mine
ereck. It was a vine-elad, rose-covered bower, Iho prototype of the
renowned " Tulip grove" of that public benefactor, Henry Shaw, of
St. Louis. The founder of this celelirated garden, ]Mr. John Ilarde-
nnui, was of German extraction, a geutlenum of fortune, and pos-
sessed i-eniarkably flue taste in horticulture, lie was ambitious to ex-
cel in this inviting tield, and to gratify his inclinations, laid otl' ten
acres in an exact square ibr a botanic garden, sparing neither c.\i>cnse
nor labor in adorning it with fruits, llowcrs and shn'.bs, indigenous
and exotic. .Scriientine walks, paved with shells, conducted the ad-
miring visitor through this charming court of Flora, wdiere, amid
zc()hyrs of the riehe>t i)erfume, llowers of the most beautiful hue
greeted the e\e, and fi uits of the mo.>t delicious llavor lem[iteil the
palate. Jt was a place — •
\yhere opiHiing roses bro.atliing sweets diffuse,
And soft carnations shower tlicir balmy dews ;
\yhere lilies smile in virgin robes of white,
The thin undress of superficial light;
And varied tulips show so dazzling gay.
Blushing in bright diversities of day.
This beautiful garden was finally engulfed in the Missouri river,
the tir,~t encroachment of that treacherous stream occurring in l.'S2(J,
when a large portion of it was swallowed up. [Mr. Hardeman, how-
ever, conliuued the cultivation of such portions of the garden a^ were
left, until about the time of his death, which took place in 1829. A
sweet honeysuckle still grows in the yard where Mary S. Hanna uow
lives, in Fayette, that was taken from the Hardeman garden in 1S2;>.
At the date mentioned, Mrs. Louise P>oone, wife of Iiam[)ton L. Loone,
and Miss Malinda Owen, daughter of General Ignatius P. Owen, of
Fayette, made a visit to the garden and, when leaving, Mr. Harde-
man gave them the honeysuckle, then a small vine. This is the only
relic of that once far-famed and lovely garden that exists in this part
of the country.
FKAXKI.IX.
This town (named after Benjamin Franklin, the phil()so[iher),
aftcrvrards called '• Old Franklin," in contradistinction to New Frank-
1()6 IIISTOUY OF ]I0\VA1;D ANL> rilAKITON COr.NTIES.
liii, ill the same toNViHlii[), wa-s located on section .">, townshlj) LS.
range ](>, ill ISIG, on tlie river liaiik and opposilo to Booiivillc, in
Cooper couiitv. Il wa- selected in 1^17 as the county seat of How-
ard coiMilv, I)V Benjamin Iv-till, David dones, David Kincaid, "William
Head and Stcplieii Cole, wiio were ajiiKiinted conuuissioners fur thai
purpose by the general asseuibly of ^ilissouri. Hannah Colc'b fort
remained ihe eountv seat, however, until the second ?iIonday in No-
vember. LSIT, wh.cn tlie circuit court met at Franklin the first time.
(See Chapter III, this book.) T!ie original town siie oeeup.ied ItiO
acres ot' land and was purchased for Howard count}' by the commis-
sioners who selected the county sent from JrLmes H. Benson. William
V. Eector, John W. Scudder, Jauie- C. Ludlow, and Jo-c[ih Wig-
gins, for $200. Abruit two years after the town was laid out, an ad-
dition was added, calh'd "East rraidclin." 'J"he town contained a
IJublic square which embraces two acres of ground. The square was
levelled and grounds put in order by Amlrew .-^mith and James Snoddy .
The sti-eets were generally eighty-seven feel a\ ide. '.rhe tir^^t hon-e fmilt
in i'ranklni (upon the authority of Mrs. ^Nlary Jone.-, of whom we
h:.ve s[)ol',e;i in the pieeeding pages), was erected by Amos Barne,-;.
It ^A•as constructed of rough logs and stood near the rivor bank. 'I'he
land ofEce was located there, soon after it was founded, and it being
the most western settlement, of any imi)i)rlance. in thestate, and the
.starting point for the Santa Fe country, it increased rapidly in popu-
lation and influence. S.ime of the best blood of Kentucky, Virginia,
Tennessee and other states, tlowed in the veins of many of the citizens
of Franklin. The town was noted for the intelligence, hospitality
and cnterju'lse of its people, a number of whom tilled honorable po-
sitions in the legislatuj-e, executive and judicial departments of the
state, and not a tew attained a, nali(jnal reputation as gallant soldiers
and trusted statesmen. Among her illu-trious citizens, whose names
sparkle upon the historic page with a fadeless lustre, were:- — Lil-
burn \V. Boggs, John Miller, Hamilton B. Gamble (each of whom
were afterwards governor of the state')' John F. Hylaiul, Abicl
Leonard (afterwards judges ot the supreme court of the state).
General Robert P. Clark and Cyrus Edwards (the two latter distin-
guished lawyers). Dr. II. Lane, Dr. J. H. Benson, Peter Fergu-on,
Dr. Charles Kavanangh, Col. William Boone, Dr. J. J. Lowery, Grey
Bynum, Dr. David Woods, Bennett Clark, General John B. Clark, Sr.,
S" C. McNees; John Bay, J. S. Finlcy, John Walker. Charles \\"oods,
Thomas Hardeman, G. C. Sibley, John S. Brickey, .Vndrew S. Mc-
Girk (afterwards judge), Price M. I'rewitt, J. C. Ludlow, AV. MusS,
nisT(ii;Y L>ir' Hl;l^\"Al;I) anu ciiaiuion cur.\TiK.s. lijT
,I:iines Iliokinau, Judui- Davi'l Tocl.l, Stephen T'>cmii)1ioo, Joliu Linilj,
• lames 1). (.'ainplK'll. F. S. Grundy ( iicplii-i\- of Felix (irnndy, ot'Teii-
nc.-.-oo), L. S\vit;:lcr, If. ^^ liinLr'.iani (the ui'eat artist , Avho.-e acemn-
pii^hed pencil has perpetuateil many of the scenes and incidents ii>-
sulting' iVuni tiie enforcement of 'Jrder No. 11), Alphonso AVetimne
( a.iiUior of first Gazetteer of ]\[issouii ), ]{i/nry and ('harles (Carroll,
.ludirc l^avid Drake, (t^U's Samuel, doshiia and David P.arton, J. B.
Howard, ^Villiam V. ]o;<'ti)r. Xatt Ford, James Callaway and Zaclni-
riah IScnson. AlthoiiL:li this li>t does not im-lnde the names of all
who ai-e entitled to a niche in the tein|)lo of fame, \'et Ihese are sutH-
eiently numerous and distinguished to challenge the admiration of the
reader, and to light a glow of pritle upon the cheek and in the eye of
every Howard countv man and woman, as tliev sc;ui them over.
W(> douht whether any town containing no greater luipulation
tlian Franklin had, and reaching no greater age, can be found any-
where in the United States, that can boast of so man}- eminent men.
Its cai'lv achievements m commerce during the jialmy dtiys of the
."saiita Fe trade, were simply tmniensc for that day and time, llie fol-
lowing, co[)ied from tlie I'ayette IhieU/'jeucer <>[' ]May 2, l^'i.s, will give
the reader some idea of the importance of tliis trade: —
Tlie tow'i of Franklin, as also our own ^■illage, pi'esents to the eve
of tlie beholder, a In^y, iiustling and commercial scene, in buying,
selling and packing goods, practising mules, etc., etc,, all [u-epaiatory
to the startinir of the great s}')ringcara\'an to Santa Fe. A great number
of our fellow citizens are getting ready to start, and will be o|f in the
course of a week on a trading expeditio\i. We iiave not tlie means
of knowing Low manA- persons will start in the first company, Init
think it probable the nund>er will e.xcced 1.30, principally from this
and the adjoining counties. They generally purchase tlieir outfits from
the merchants here at from 20 to 30 per cent advance on the Philadel-
phia i)rices, and calculate to m;d<e from 40 to 100 [ler cent iiiion their
pu/chases. They will generally return in the fall, ^^'c suppose the
amount which will be taken I'rom this part of the coimtry this spring
will not perhaps fall much short of $100,000 at the invoice prices.
We wish them a safe and profitable trip, a spectly retuiai to their
families and homes in healtli, and thev ma^■ long live to enjoy the
lirofits of their long' ar.d fatiguiuir journey of nearly one thousa:;d
miles, tiirough prairies inhabited onh' bv savages an^l \\ild beasts.
Among the pioneer merchants and business men of Franklin,
were Hickman and Lamb from Kentucky. These gentlemen, owned
and oper.-ited a large store, purcha-ing tlieir goods (as the merchants of
the town generally did ) in I'hiladelphia. Claiborne F. Jacksuu, alter-
1()8 HiyTOirv OF HOWAKD AMI CHARTTOX COUNTirS.
wanls goveruoi- of Iho st;iU-. ^\a.s a r-lork in this store in IS:?!!. Joseph
Siaipsoii was also m incrclinnt ; he was an Englishman, ami came to
Franklin ahoul the j'e^ir ]<si;2; he died in Franklin in 1828. Smitli
& Knox were merchants; Smith was receiver in the land ol'iee.
Gil'^s Samuels \>a,; a ha-iness man. Alexander IMcCansland was also
a merehant. Blois, a. Canadian Frenchman, was a merchant. ?vIoss
Prewitt was a hatier, and afterwards became a banker in Colnmliia.
There were as nnuiv as fonr manufaelurers of hats in J 82G, in the town.
Barnes was probably the first bhicksmith in the place,
ilordecai owned the first livery stable. Jas. R. Abernathy
assisted him in attending to it. Dr. II. T. Glenn, who moved to Cal-
ifornia and became the largest farmer in that state, married a daughter
of Abernathy.
Henry V. Bingham, father of George Bingham, the well known
artist and portrait painter, kept a hotel : so did ]\Irs. Peebles. The
town had two or three grist mill-^ from 1820 to 1828. John Harde-
man operated a grist mill with cardiigr machine attached, Shadrach
Barnes I'an a grist mill. The ferry was origin:dly owned l)y Hannah
Cole, -who operated it as early as l.'~!l('i from the fort to Franklin.
It was afterwards run by Pogers, of Boonville, Isaac Gcarhardt and
otJiers.
The bar of Fraidsliii was idily re[ircsented in the persons of Judge
George Tompkins, Charles French, Amos Peece (who afterwards
resided in Plattslnirg, Clinton county. Mo., and then moved to Flmv-
enworth, Kansas), F. S. (iruiuly, Andrew ^McGirk, John F. Pyland,
Robert iLcGavick, Cvrus Ei.lwards, and a number of others who were
noted for their skill and ability as lawyers. (See chapter on bimch
and bar'. )
The Missouri lnlclii<jencer, the iir^t newspaper established west of
St. Louis, was started here in I8i;i. (See Chap, entitled "The
Press.")
The Baptists organized a church in the town in 1819, the Method-
ists one rear later. No house of worship, however, w:is ever erecteil
in the town by any denomination. The Old School Presbyterians
organized a church in April, 1821. (See cha[)ter on ecclesiastical his-
tory. )
Travel between Franklin and St. Louis was done on horseback
until 1820, when four-horse stages were put on the line. Soon alter
that, travel upon ste;imboats came gradually into u--e ; the fare being
about the same by either mode — $10.50 for each passenger.
Franklin continued to be the comity seat of Howard county, until
JIISTOUY OF HO\VAi;i) ANl^ CHAKITON COLXTIE>. l(If)
1-S23, when it (the eoiinty .seal) was h>eate<l at Fa_vclt<', (:he latter
tciwii, being about llie geoo-raphieal eenlre ot' the eouiity, al'tcf C"'io[ier
anil B')one eounties had been taken fi'om its terrilm-y. Many ot" the
citizens of Franklin, including the attorneys, soon came to i^'ayetteto
live. The gix-at rn.'jorit-y, ho-.vevf!-, continued to stand by the t'or-
tnnes of the old town, where they reuiainctl until the spi-ing of 1S2S,
when they were conipelled to al.)andon their home-?, because of the
snddcn caving in of a large portion of the town site. It is estimated that
Franklin, dnrinu' her jialmiest days — from l'S'2.5 to 182G — contained
bet\vecn l,50Uand l,7(iO peo|de. In 1828, on account of the overflow
and tlie washing away of the town site, Franklin was abnost entirely
al)andi,)ned, her citizens going elsewhere to live ; a nunil)er of the^e
foriuded the tiMvn ot' New Fi'anklin, within two miles of <.)ld Franklin
and in the same townsliip.
A ]Masonic lodge was organized at Old Franklin, in 1820. It
was ;ifterwards nnned to New Franklin, where it was reorganized in
18,r2, and is no'.v known as Howard Lodge No. 4. It was the fourth
lodge (it ± reeniasons, instituted m Missonri. Nothing uaw reiiKiins
to mark the spot where once stooil the [iroud, iiretentious little citv of
Franklin, but a two-story brick,* now known as the " Franklin
House," located iminediately west of the depot. Two or three busi-
ness houses, of niodern architecture, occupy a ivorticni of the old
town-^ite — the e.xtretue lower portion — l)nt the town, itself, except-
ing the house above mentioned, is a thing of the past.
A I.KTTER.
The following letter, written nnu'e than three-score years i\<20, bv
Mr. A. Fuller, who had been, lis'in.g in the r)Oone's Lick country about
six months at the time he wrote, will t)e read, doubtless, with luuch
interest by the citizens of the county to-day :
Fraxki.ix, Mo., Dec., lsl<).
Dear Toi/i : — •
You need not scold ; I have liad too much to do to write to vou fel-
lows that live in civilized societw Hei'e I am, on the extreme frontier
of the settlements of our countiy, but would not exchange places with
yon for all }'our boasted luxuries. I can, within :i mile or so, kill
* This was, at tlie time it was erecteJ, tlie only tiricl; Ijuildingin tlie Boone's I.ick
country. It was built for a school ami was iucorporateJ by the lesislalure in the
winter of 1S:.'0, with Gen. Thos. A. Smith, Nathaniel llutohinson, Jno. ,r. Louery,
George Tompkins, James C. Ludlow, Taylor Berry and Jonallian S. Fiiidlay, as
trustees. It is now the property of Bro.ulus .Smith, who operates it us a hotel.
170 III.STORY OF iiOMAnn axd ciiaiutox counties.
as iiKUU' prairie cliickous as 1 choose, ;uul all other game of llie
season.
'J'lie settlers of tlie country uiove<l out of tlie forts last spriuLT. and
are about as liappy a set as you can timl on the earth to tliink tliat the
Indians are to let tluun ahme. hereafter. I have become aoquaintetl
with most of the citizens of the town. U'he Hon. Judi;-c Todd and
family arrived hero last suniiui'r. one of the inost au'reeable men and
families that I have ever met. He is too lilieral and ki\id for his mwh
good ; also ]>r. Hutchinson. Dr. F-owi/ry, and General Smith. I do not
think von can understand the nobleni'ss of such minds, as it i,s only
here in the extreme west, where all have l>een aceustcuned to facing
dan<;'crs every dav, that th'V can i)e appieeiatcd. Wc ha\'e three
stores in this thriving place: an old gentleman, ^Ir. Gaw ; Stanley &
Ludlow, and Sauganette & P>right, all doing a fair liusincss. ^Ve had
tw() an'i\'als of steamboats during the summer, one a government boat.
Western Engineer, on an e\[)loring expedition. In place of a
bowsprit, slio has carved a great serpent, and as the steam escapes out
of its mouth, it runs out a long tongue, to the perfect horror of all
Indians that see her. They say, "'White man liad man, keep a gi'eat
spirit chained and build tire under it to mak-e it w(u-k a boat I " The
other was a boat loaded with governunmt sup[)lies. for the troops in
thefoi-t> above her'', also two hundred thousand chdlars in s[iceie. A
large portion of her cargo was Monongahela whiskey. It hioks like
a dispensation of Providence that she should be sunk soon after
leaving. The officers and visitoi's were desecrating the Sabbath day
bv card plaving and drinking. She left here and ran up to the head
of the first island above when she struck a snag and sank immedi-
ately, without tiie crew being able to save anything out of her. There
she lies with idl her silver and freigiit on her. There are in t!ie neigh-
borhood several forts, that were used ])y the peoide during the Imlian
difficulties. Fort Hempstead, about three ndles l)ack from the river ;
Cooper's Fort, ten miles al)ove here where were many of the htdr-
breadth escapes of the ^vild w t-st. At one time, a\ hri! it wa-- bi'siege<l l>y
a large body of Indians, and they needed to communirate with the fort
here, not having any men to spare, a daughter* of Colonel Cooper vol-
unteered to run the gauntlet, and mounting a fleet horse dashed through
the Indians, reach.ed the fort here, got the assistance needed, and was
back in time to relieve her friends. Is there one of your city lielles
could do a similar feat? I guess not. I tell you, Tom. there is an
independence and nol)leness in the Ijearing of the young folks here,
dressed in their home-made clothing. — the ease of gait and carriage. —
that puts affectation and tine dresses in the siiade. I am not carried
* The ilis3 Cooper here spoken of, was the mother of the wife of the present Solon
Shepherd, wlio resides neir Fayette. Thi^ romantic and attractive little story was given
much credence, even Ht that early day, among certain persons ;' the author hoard of ili.^s
Cooper's act of heroism soon after his arrival in Uowanl county, but after cnrefuUy inves-
titcating the matter, lie tinJs that the story had no foundation in fact, and exists in imagina-
tion onlvas a beautiful fiction.
HISTOIIY OF )10\\'Ai;i) A\D CHAIIITON Cr)UNTIKS. 171
;i\v:iv eiilirely hy the nohleucsx of the wihl IVrmtier [leophs hut thoru is
;i Irank gvaeiii^itv with thoiu tliai^'ou in the e.-ir-t kn.nw iinthiiii.'ot', tl!cr(.'-
I'dre you cauiuit a])preci;ito it. There is also a fort aern-s the tiver Iroin
iieru ealled Coh/'s i'ort. that had its .-hare oftrouhh; ; al.-o one ahovethe
La Mine riv(>r. One ot'tiie men, Mv. MeMahan, tVoiii I here, \\ as eoiuing
^h)^\n loCiilu"^ t'oil on hnsiiie.>s ; v.'licn abont Uvo miles almve here he
was tired ui)on and killed i>v the Indians. One of the yonnir <A)les
and one (jf the Konps wore cnltini;' a liee-ti're in the wooils ne;u- the
path, and it is thouglit the Indians -were erawlin^- on them, when Mr.
.A[c,Maiia)i, i>assiii;^', was Hred on and kilieii. ddie men,C'ide and
Koup, hniriedbatdc to their t'oi't for aid, and went to ^cc what mischief
the rcd-skir.s had been doing. Mf. MeMali.au was sliot through the
Ijudy. He ran his horse towai'd the river for about a quarter of a
mile when he I'ell dead. The Indians, it is thonght, saw the t\vo men
running for tlie fort and thought it safest to k-ave, which they di-d
without following the tlyhig men. 1 believe I could have set till Ihis
time, iiearing of the hair-breadth escapes of the early settlers. They
have lai<l ont a town ojiprisite liere on the river, called l-!oonville. ^^hieh
they ex|)ect to eclipse this place, but the traders think Franklin \vill
eclipse anv town out west. I think lik(dy it will if tlie river will let
il alone. I went o\er tin.' ri\er la^t snnnner to attend the Ih'st sale of
h.ts, i'itending to purchase some to Ijuild on. iuit the}- were run up to
a fabulous price, away beyond my reach. There were some ol' tlie
\dters who appeared to be ati'eeted by patriotism acquired at the only
( wliat was termed) tavern in the ])lace, kei^t by a liard looking old
fellow nameil Eeames, who l)oweiI politely to all wlio came in and asked
fir something to drink, and I was told the whiskey had actually not had
time to cool before it was dealt out to customers, having been brought
all the way from a ,Mr. IK)Uxe's where is a horse mill and distiller^';
so the peopli> of Boonville, caimot only have liquor, lint can have their
corn ground ready for sitting. The null and distillery are about a
uiile from the town. Adieu.
l>OST>r ASTERS.
X statement showing the date of the establishment of the post-office
at 01,1 Franklin, together with the names of all the postmasters at the
said otHce in the order of their appointment, and the date of apjioiut-
mcut of each.
Esfablished April 20, 1S21.
April 20, 18-21, Augustus Stores.
October 20, l.'s2;j, Taylor Berry.
December 13, 1824, Giles M. Samuel.
August, 3, 18o], .T. W. Kedman.
September Ki, IS.iil, Wm. Harley.
October 23, l.-<3;t. J. S. Lawsmi.
172 iUSTOKY OF IIOWAKD AM) CIIAKITON COCNTIKS.
May 18, 1841, GfO. Chuimiau.
October (i, IS 13, Isaac N. Bcniuvd.
Jamiavy 9, 184."), C. W Bavtboleinew.
July 24, 184ii, J. G. McCaulcy.
December 14, 1848, '\^'ln. Xeilsoii.
September 17, 1850, Ivol)ert Colnian.
May 17, 1855, J. W. Chilton.
June 22, 18(;5, J. G. McCaul -y.
October 5, I'Sli'), Return L. ISradley.
April -2, 18(!(;, G. li. Turner.
December 1, 1808, Jauica W. Cliilton.
September 7, 1874, Chs. E. Kainey.
May 22, 1877, James M. Setllo.
January 2i), 1882, J.J. [NlcCauley.
April 2G, 1882, J. 11. Stunlevant.
NKW rRANKLIX.
A« already intimated, Xew Franklin owes its existence to the fall
and llnal obliteration of Old Franklin, and was laid out in 1828, on
he west half of section 28, townshi[) 41.<, range KJ, which was then
owned h\ James Alcorn.
Many of the buildiujrs of the old town -.vere moved to the new.
Among' the earliest business men of that [)lace, were James Alcorn,
who built the tirst business house; "\^'illis Koberson, the lirst black-
smith; >[. Switzler, the first hotel-keeper. Among the earlv enter-
prises, was a tanyard by Lewis Scott, a carding machine by "W'm.
Bowen and a rope fictory by Bernard. The tirst and onlv lotlerv
cver chartered liv the state of Missouri, was started at this point, the
purpose of which was to raise $15,000 in order to enable the town to
l)uild a railroad to the river. The charter was afterwards modified,
so as to permit the construction of a i)lank road, and still later ir,
embrace a macadamized public highway instead. This lotti'ry fran-
chise was finally dis[)osed of by the town to a company in St. Loui-,
for five hundred dollars per year, and New Fianklin has since em-
I^loycd its receipts from this source, in comi)leting a safe and endnrinir
highway to the river. Tlie town was incorporated February 7th.
1833. The original trustees were; Abiel Leonard, Davii.! ^^'()rkm:.Ul,
.Natlianiel IIutehi.>on, Joshua }Iol)l)S, Al[)honzo '\\'etmore, Lewis
Switzler, and Lindsay P. Marshall.
The population at present nundjers al)out two hundred and fifty
HISTOnV or ilOWAIID and CHAUITO.V COLNriKS. ITo
person?. The town coutnius one diy irooil store, t^vo th-ug stores, oise
grocery, one harness shop, one mill, one huicksmith, one carpenter, one
harlier, three physici;uis, one hotel, tuo churches, one large, elegant
!)rick scliool house, and tliree secret orders, the oldest of which is the
A. o. L". \y.
Xew Franklin lodge No. 194, was organized July 17, 1880. The
charter uieiubers were, George C. Edwards, Theo. H. Todd, A. .S.
lihmkenbaker, Lemuel Frizell, Strother H. Todd, J. B. Ainsworth,
Augustus Turner, E. T. Smith, W. T. W.iyland, G. S. Herndon, J.
G. Whitton, \\'in. M. Strouirs, Joshua F. Crews, Levi Fuller, F. G.
Canole. V. Q. Bonham, James Eandall, "Wallace Estill, John M.
Boggs, Jas. L. Gordon, Thomas J. Jordan, E. E. Dunav/ay, James
D. Churn and W. W. Smith.
Present officers— G. S. Herndon, iL W. ; W. W. Gray, Fore-
man : J. F. Crews, Overseer; E. E. Dunaway, Recorder: B. !NL
Cli.uiccllijr, l-.'jceivtr ; Angu-tus Tun;er, Financier; J. J.'AViiitti.'i!.
Guide ; S. H. Took, L W.^; Wm. B. Webb, O. W. ; F. G. Canole, P.
M. W.
HOWAi;J) LODGE >'0. i, A. F. AND A. M.
Oiganized May 6, 18o-, with the following members, Adam
Lowry.'james M. "chorn. S. T. Hamm, H. Kingsbury. C. E. \Vi\-
coxon, J. I'. Thompson, A. H. Lee, "^V. ^I. Biles.
First otiicers — Adam Lowry, W. 'SI. ; James AL Chorn. 5. W. ;
•S. T. Hamm, J. \V . : II. Kingsbury, Trea^^urer ; C. E. Wilcoxon,
Secretary.
Present officers — II. T. Kingsbiiry, W. >[. ; W. E. :McKiuney,
S. W. ; W. O. Cox, J. W. ; W. W. Smith, Treasurer; Geo. C.
Edwan.ls, Secretary ; number of members tilty-one.
BOOXt"s LICK LODGE NO. .57, I. O. O. F.
was organized May 5th, 1852, with J. W. Chilton, N. G. Elliott, S-
T. Hamm. E. H. Devins, and James S. White, as charter members.
The names of the tirst officers and [iresent officers failed'to reach
the writer.
E>T[LL STATION
is located on the Missouri, Kansas and Texas' railro:id,'[[near the
centre of tht- town-hip. on the norclieast of soutliwe-t^quarter, scctiiii
lo
171 UISTOKY OF IIOWAKU AND CIIAIUTOX COCNTl ICS.
17, T. 48, R. IC, and \v:i,s named in hoiior o( Col. James U. IC.^till, a
large lauded proprietor and stock I'ai.scr, through wliosc land tl'C rail-
road passes. The to\\ii eontain.s one store and blacksmith sliop.
Iho coiiDtr^v surrounding Estill, is well improved., and is one oC
the iiiost lieautifiil portions of"IIow;ird county. Tiic farm houses are
generally large and handsomely constructed ; many of them being
brick, and of modern style, while the yards and lawns in tVont of
them are not only set in blue grass, but [planted with shrubs, llowers.
fruit and shade trees.
INCIDKNTS OV THE HIGH WATER OF ISll.
The ovcrtlow o!' the Missouri river in 1844 is remembered by the
old settler of to-day, as the higliest water known witliin his recollec-
tion. By actual nnMisurement, the water was tiien six feet higher
than it has been at any time since. The entire Missouri river Ijuttom
or low lauds were submerged, many iarms l)eing coveied to the dejith
'^f fift.'cr. fccl. Tl.e Siifl'cring among the people wlio occupied tlie
overflowed dist'iets v/as very great, many of them not only losing
their houses, their stock and tlieir croi)s, but losing their lives in their
efforts to escape the mighty Hood, which remained upon the land for
nearly three weeks.
A farm< r who lived in the bottom, south of New Franklin about
a mile, by the name of T..loyd, wait(j-il, during tiie rise, thinking ever\-
day the river \vould nach its highest point, and did not leave liis
cabin until he wa*; compelled one niurruug to ha-lilv make his exit
through the roof. AVhilc getting out some of his household plunder,
he spilt sfime curn meal on the roof of his cabin. The third <lav after
leaving, Lloyd returne^l in his boat and fonn.d to liis surprise thai tin.'
roof of his cabin had been transformed into a menagerie of bird- and
animals. Among these was a cat, a dog, a coon, a fox, a rat. two
chickens and a turkej'. He observed that the meal was all gone, and
was greatly surprised to find these animals living together in perfect
liarmony. A connnon misfortune had created anifing them a sym-
pathetic I'ecling. The presence of the great flood had seeininglv
over-awed and overpowei-ed their antagonistic natures, and like the
"lion and the lamb" of prophetic history, the}' were d\vel!in!_f
togetlier iu peace.
Another farmer, who resided iu the bottom, lost a very valuable
horse. The day he left liis cabin tliis horse was driven with other
horses and stock to the hills for safe keeping. Some daj,s afterwards
HISTOIIY or HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIKS.
175
tlic hi>r>e was niis.-iiig, and was not lomul until the waters lia<l roccdcfl
when he was discovered (at least such portions of him as were left),
langing by one of his hind feet in some grapevines fully fifteen feet
aliove the ground, having on tlie same halter tliat he wore when he
left.
C II A P T E li Yin.
KlCimOND TOWNSHIP.
Boundary — Physical Features — Early SeltlcMients — Churches — Richmond — Fay-
ette— Its Early History — Business Mcu — Business — Incorporated — First and
Present Officials — Banks and Bankers — Court House and Public Square ^ Facts
■ and Incidents — Cholera in 16^2 or 1:^33 — Cholera iu 1S40 — Cholera in 1>55 and
in 1S73 — Meteoric Phenomenon — Secret Societies — Central and Howard Col-
leges—Their History — Fire — Postmasters — Business Houses of Fuyette —
Public School.
BOUNDAKY.
Thi>i is the cciitnil portion of th-- oounty, and contains seventy-two
square miles. It remains as tirsl formed in 1821, e.^eeptiug sections
19, 20. 21, whieli were attached to Burton to'.vnship in IS.SU. It is
bounded on the math by Prairie and Burton townships, on tite east
by Bonne Femme and Moniteau, on the soutli by Moniteau and
Franklin, and on the west by Boone's Lick and Chariton to\vn:^hips.
I'HYSIC.VL FEATURES.
This to\vnshi[. is admira!)ly di'ained, the itrincipal streams beinsT
Bonne Femme, Adam's forlv, Leonard's in-anch, Salt creek, Doe
creek and Dry creek. These are well distributed in th.e \arioiis
sections of the township. The timber is in sreat abundance, and of
an excellent quality — no prairii'. The hind is roliing and underlaid
with a tine stratum of coal, and is well atlapted to agricidtural pur-
poses.
EARLY SETTLE.MENTS.
The pioneer settler of Kichmond township seems to have been,
from the most authentic sources, one Hiram Fugate, wdio wa- one of
the original settlers of Franklin township — a private in Ca[)t. Sar-
shall Cooper's conqiany and connected witli Fort Kincaid, wliere he
remained during the Indian hostilities of 1812. His cabin stood near
the present site of Central college ; the northcn part of Fayette ^^•as
located on the smith [)art of his land, and the southern p;ut of tlic
town on a portion of the claim owned by Hickerson Burnham, who
"ettled in the township in 18Ub
(176)
JIISTORY OF nOWAKD AND CHAKITOX COUNTIES. 177
George Craig aiul Colonel T'hilip 'J'ranicll eshilili.viied salt works
near tlie present raih-oad depot near Fayette, in 1^1',*. and conducted
the biisinci? for several years. I'iie next settler Nvas the father of
Colonel McKinney, of Texas fame, in the same year. In the spring of
l»iy, John Jackson took a claim near McKinncy, also James Reed,
AVilliam Harris, and Joseph Gill. In the spring of 1818, lienry
liUrnham opened a farm north of Fayette and was joined the same
year by James Howell, Thomas Low, Josejjh Sears, Townsend Brown,
Wm. Eeynolds, and Enoch ICcmper. !Mr. Kemper Avas county
assessor a number of years ; he had a family of nine children and
each alternate child was born blind.
Thomas Collins and liobevt Reynolds each made a settlement north
of Fayette, in the spriug of 1810. Jn 1820, Colonel Beaj. Reeves.
father-in-law of Judge Abiel Leonard, purchased the farm of Ti')\\'n-
send Brown, and was a member of the tlrst constitutional convention
of the state ; he was afterwards elected lieutenant-governor, and
was one of the commissioners appointed to view the first road to New
^loxico.
Bennett Clark, father of General John B. Clark, Sr., who came
in 1818, and located three miles east of Fayette, was one of the first state
senators from Howard county, and was often in the legislature.
The samj year Andrew Fielding located one and a half niiles east, and
Wm. Snell.in 1819, about two miles northeast of Fayette. David
Todd, of Cooper's fori, whose brotlier Jonathan was killed by the
Indians, settled in the neighborhood of Bennett Clark in 1818. Gar-
risou Patrick and "Watt Ewing settled in the township in 18Kb Joel
Prewitt, the father of Robert Prewitt, settled here in 1821, three
miles we>t of Fa^-ettc. Also Philip Turner, father-in-law of General
John B. Clark, Sr. ; Alt'red Basey, father-in-law of Judge George
Miller, of Jetl'erson City, settled on the Turner farm in 18 20, selling
to Philip Turner in 1821 ; Wm. Hughes, one of the tirst tanners of
the county, settled in the vicinity of Mount Moriah Baptist church,
about 1820, and donated the land on which the church was erected,
and was joined the same year by his brother Roland Hughes. In the
neighborhood of Judge Ben. Tolson, there was also made a settle-
ment very early ; among these settlers were Amos Deatherage, 1817 :
John Tolson, the judge's father, 1819 ; Mathew Howard, 1819 : Pen-
dleton Bridges, 1814, and about the same dates, John Cleeton, James
Weathers, Andrew Evans, James Bnrge, General Ignatius P. Owens,
Jonathan Bozarth, James Shephard, Enoch Fly, Neheriah Todd,
Truman Nailor, Thomas Tol-on, David R. Downing, George Staple-
l?'*^ 1IIS.TOKY CI' HOWAKI) AXD CUAIUTOX CorNTEES.
Ion, HrsrrUon Sta[)lctoii, Mo-es Hyatt, George Burris, Thomas
Howard, Hoiiry Saliiig, Richiuontl (iage, Hickman Buinau, ^Y. B.
Haiuia, ^Yilli■; Grimes, Hugh SliIeM-;, James ^Masters, and Ro'Dei.t
Brown.
RICHMOND.
This was the name of an old Imsiness point wliieii was silnated
south of the present town of Fayette, in \^ hat was known as the
Spanish needle district. The lown~hip t(jok its name after it. It
contained one small store of general merchandise and a blacl^smith
shop. It now lives only in the memory of the old settler.
The county scat of Howard county, is located on parts of sections
11 and 12, in township 50, range 111. It was named in honor of
General Lafayette, whom all Americans loved because of his patriotic
and distinguished services rendered tlieir country, in the war of the
revolution. In 1S23, when the town was laid out, the news had
just been received that Lafayette would soon visit the United States.
This visit, however, did not take ]ilace until the following year, 1824.
His landing at New York, and recei>tion by the people, who had gath-
ered upon the wharfs by tlie tens of thousands, is most ])cauiifully
and graphically descrilied by that un'tehless orator and statesman, S.
S. Prentiss, in his incomparably grand and eloquent eulogv upon the
life and services of that great man.
Fayette was located by .lonathan Crawley, Wm. Head, Samuel
Wallace, Glenn Owens and Samuel Hardin, Sr. Hiram Fugate
and Hickerson Burnham, eacli donated twenty-tive acres of laud for the
county seat. Judge Alfred Morrison, who was afterwards sheritf and
county judge of tlie county, surveyed the town site, assisted by John
Jackson, Samuel Hardin and others, who were the chain bearers.
After the town was laid out, Elisha "Witt erected the first house
which was constructed of logs, and located on the. ground where
Howard college now stands. Although this was the first house built
in the town, the logs for another house had ah-eady been jirepared by
Gen. Ignatius P. Owen, and was erected the day foUowirig by the
general, who had assisted ^^'itt in raising his house. These buildings
were intended for hotels and were conducted by their proprietons as
such for many years. General Owen's hotel was located on the south-
east corner of the public square. These houses were erected in t!ic fail
of 1824. The pioneer bu:.ines:i man of the tov,-n was named O'Neal.
iu?-TOi;v or hitwaiid .\m> cuauitox cor.NTiKri. 17^
Hi=^ t^tijck WHS very <m;ill find was soM in a log liouit' en the Int Nviieie
Captain Brooks" livery stable now stands. After remaining a short lime
O'Neal sold to Jolm X:!nson, an Engli-liHKui. Nanson died in Fayette
from a cancer. The next merchant was Wuddy T. Curran, who' sold
goods in a log house on llie corner of the street south of Boughner,
Tolson &, Smith's grocery. A few years thereafter, Curran moved to
Huntsville, Randoli^h county, Missouri, ^vhere he died. Dr. ^ViIiiam
T. McLain v.-as the first jihysician : Sasnuel T. Crews was the second,
and John A. Haldci'inan was the thirtl. Haldei-nnui is now minister
to one of the South Anierican states. Matthew Sinionds ;vas the
original village hiacksmith.
Here smokes his forge; lie bares his sinewy arm
And early strokes his sounding anvil warm,
Around his shop the steely sparkles flew
As out of steel he shapes the bending shoe.
Lawrence J. Daly taught the tirsl school in the town, in a log
cabin wliieh now stands in the yard where Mrs. Mary S. Hanna now
lives. ^Ir. Dalv \vas a native of Ireland. He was the father of Mrs.
Samuel C. Major, and Mrs. Dr. John Talltot, the latter now deceased.
He died in Fayette. Among his ])upils were William C. Boone's wife,
John P. Sebree's wife, Elizabeth Garner, Susan Garner, Stephen
Garner, Jesse ^^'. Garner, Artimesia]\IeLain, Sallie Melvinney, Euphe-
mia McKiiuiey, Nancy lieynolds, Susan Eeyiiolds, Eleanora Splicer,
Miss A. Spencer, Jose[ih Hardin, William Wilson, Thomas Taylor,
Townscnd Taylor, Humphrey 'J'aylor, and Mrs. Mary S. Hanna.
There were otiier schools kept in the town between l625 and
1884, l>y both male and female teachers, but at the latter date a most
excellent educational institution called tlie Fayette academy was
established by Archibald Patterson. The building was constructed
of brick, one story high, and contained two rooms. It was located a
little to the left and south of Central college. Mr. Patterson came
from Ohio ; he was a man of classical attaimnents and quite success-
ful as a teacher. His school continued until 1844, when he went to
Marion county, and then to Lexington, Missouri, where he died from
an accident.
The tirst resident minister was Rev. Augustus Pomeroy, an Old
School Presbyterian, who held services in the school-house spoken of.
He was also a school teacher. Rev. Ebenezer Rodgers, a missionary
Baptist preacher held religious services occasionally in the town. He
resided in the country. Rev. William W. Redmond (Metliodist ),
ISU Hl^^TOl;V OF IIOWAUK AM) CIIAKITON COL'.NTIKS.
was :i circuit-rider at an early day in tlie county, and was the prc.-iding
elder in ISi'n. Tlielirst house of worship was erected by the P.aptists
in ]S24.
Washington Shepherd was the first tailor. The first death in the
town was that of Miss Elniira Whittoii ; hers was the first grave in
the cemetery.
The^first Sunday-school was organized by Kev. Augustus Ponie-
roy. Ecuben Johnson. Elijah ]>.Iock and V.'illiani Taylor were th(> first
carpenters and builders. Ilickerson TJurnluun erected the first large
l)rick residence : it occupied the corner where BclTs grocery store now
stands. The first jeweller was Joel Gill. William Jones, Sr., was the
first|\vagon-maker. Richard Law built the first tobacco factory. The
first gunsmiths wci-e Jesse Riddlebcrger and Gabriel Oldham. Jesse
Whitton had the honor of erecting the first mill — a horse mill, one
set of buhrs. Jamea Spencer had a carding machine and mill com-
bined — inclined tread wheel. John A. Johnson operated an inclined
tread-wheel carding machine. A man liy ihe name of Pardon ran a
linseed oil mill, am! about this time James Dunn erected a steam saw
mill. Wash Shejiherd and — Iluit had a saddle manufactory. John
II. White was also a saddler. Marly and Cole were hatters and made
all kindsjof hats. I'.oono Fly and S. C. Major operated a furniture
manufactory.
TXCORrOKATED.
The town was incorporated by the county court in November,
1S2G, with Samuel T. Crews, Elijah Whitton. Lawrence J. Daly, Jos-
eph Gilljand Robert Wilson as trustees. It was reincorporated in
May, 1830, with James T. Shirley, Alfred W. ]\Iorrison, John A. Mal-
dcrman, Elijah Wliitton and Joseph Gill as tiustces. W. R. Snclsnn
was the first mayor, elected in 1855. The couucilmen were : —
Langtbot Cook and Gabriel 11. Oldham, from First ward.
\\'. T. Lucky and Jas. Gregory, Second ward.
W. T. Lucky, clerk.
Samuel C. Major, Sr., treasurer.
Wm. Mitchell, marshal.
PKKSENT CITY OFFICIALS.
W. F. Mitchell, mayor.
James Waters, councilman. First ward.
A. F. Davis,
Jiio. T. Tolson. " .Second "
IIIMOIIY OF nOWAUD AXI> CIIAUITON' COUNTIES. IM
Wm. SlKitVoth, i'omiciliii:ui Second ward.
John Crump, niarsball.
Josepli Pulliam, troasurer.
Leland Wright, clerk.
Jordan Cullar, street comniissioncr.
I5AXKS AM) BANKERS.
About the year 1838, the " Branch of tlie Bank of the State of Mis-
souri nt Fayette," was established with Dr. J. J. Lowry as jiresident
and C. F. Jackson, cashier. It was operated until 1864, when it was
di.=eontiuued. During that year the bank was broken into b}' the
scouts and camp followers of the southern army. The bank, howevei',
did not lose anything l.)_v the robbery, but Ploward county suti'ered a
loss of $28,000, the county having on deposit at that bank that much
money.
The second banking institution iu Fayette was the private bank of
A. llendrix & Co., established September, 1865. The company was
composed of A. llendrix and Thomas J. Payne.
Payne sold his interest to his partner, A. Hendrix, in 186'*, and
Hendrix continued in business until ^lay, 1876, when he died.
Mr. A. Hendrix was succeeded by the Hendrix bank, Junel,
1876. A. F. Davis succeeded the Hendrix bank in August, 1878.
March 1, 1 871, the Fayette bank was organi.zed with K. T. Prewitt
as president, and Thomas J. Payne as cashier. July 1. L^78. the
Fayette bank was purchased by Thomas J. Payne and R. P. AVilliams,
who now operate it as Payne & Williams. Thomas J. Payne was
elected prcsidw4il of Fayette bank in Septemlier, 1873, and 1\. P.Wil-
liams, cashier.
The two latter banks (A. F. Davis, and Payne & Williams) are the
only banks that are now doing business in Fayette. Each of these
are supplied with safes and time locks, and such other convenience.-^
and improvements as are possessed by similar institutions of modern
times.
COURT-HOUSES.
There have been but two court-houses in Howard county. A
temporary wooden structure was provided iu 1817, at Old Franklin.
upon the location of the count}' seat at tliat place, but no building was
erected and designed especially for a court-house, until 1824, when
one was built at Fayette, soon after the town became the seat of
justice. At thivt period, the first brick ciiurt-house was completed by
182 HISTOIIY OF HOMAKD AND CHAIMTON rOLNTlES.
a Mr. G:irnc, who took the contract for luiildiiii: it. Tluit hiiildiiig
was occupied until 1850, ;i peiiod of thii'ty-tive years, when tlie
prc.-ent ci'urt-liouse \v;i:; erected.
It is a two storv l)rick with ni;nn huiklina; and wings. It has a
neat and attractive appearance, and is a liuilding of considerable
magnitude, containing beside the court-room and jary-rooins, eight
otfices, witli floors nuule of tile. The upper portion of the building,
which projects ia front and forms a portico, is supported In- four large
and lofty columns, which resemble in appearance light gray limestone.
The rooting is tin, and is flanked on the sides and ends, with a balus-
trade, made of brick, the whole surmounted with a handsome and
graceful cupola, upon the summit of which, is stationed a weather
vane and brazen eagle.
PUBLIC SQUARE.
The town of Fayette was laid out with reference more e-pecially
to the smoothness of the surface of the land, than with reference to
the cardinal points of the compass. The public square was thus laid
out, and the streets had to be adjusted accordingly. The consequence
is, the streets do not run east and west or due north and south. The
stranger visiting Fayette, would never know without being tohl, that
what he would suppose to be the nortlieast corner of the pulilic square,
is not in fact the northeast corner, but the corner of the square point-
ing due north. So diliicult has been this question of a correct
solution at all times, even to those who reside in tlie town, that the
county court, some years ago, had the initial letters representing the
points of the compass placed upon the cupola of the court-house, so
that the mystery could Ite solved at a mere glance. Although the
surveyor did not lay olf the town according to the points of the
compass, he succeeded most admirably in selecting a most elegant
site for the pul)lie square. It enslu-aces about one acre of ground,
which is enckised with a neat and substantial iron fence. It is covered
with a luxuriant growth of blue grass, and is interspersed with shade
trees, which add much to the beauty of the place. A broad Itrick
pavement surrounds the square, just outside of which stands a row
of soft maples, which aflbrd an abundant shade.
FACT.S AND INCIDENTS.
Fayette had a fire engine in 1S3S.
A public meeting was held in Fayette, April 17, 1S41, to express
public sorrow at the death of President Harrison.
General Robert Wilson was president of the meeting.
msTonv OF howakd and chauiton coiNi u:s. ISj
Tlio coiuiiiiltee on resolutions was conipdsed of Gencnil Jolin B.
Cl.'ii-k, Joel Prewitt, Dr. Satmiel T. Crews, Janic> P.rown, S. C. Major
:iud Color.cl J. H. Eirch.
The -ith of July, 18i2, was celfhratod at Fayette in a grand
style.
TliooK s L. Belt was the orator of the oceasion.
Adam Ileridrix read the declaration of in.dei.endcnce.
Among the toasts was the following : —
" The memory of Boone, Cooper and Hancock — while the tall
forest stands around us, here and there interspersed with the improve-
ments of the pioneer, these names cannot be foi'gotten upon tlie waters
of the great Missouri."
In the fall of 1843, Claiborne F. Jackson, Leiand Wright, Joiui
Jackson, J. J. Lowry, X. G. Elliott, Robert Lynch and others,
extended a written invitation to Colonel Thomas II. Benton, to come to
Fa3'ette and partake of a public dinner in his honor.
AV. T;. Singleton made a map of Howard count}' iii 1844.
^Irs. Torode taught school in Fayette in 1845.
Sons of Temjicrancc, Howard county division, No. 34, was
organized in Faj'ctte December 31, 1848. The oiBcers were: 'W . T.
Ludiy, \V. P. ; II. Lynch, W. A. ; W. McNair, R. S. ; S. T. Prc.ton,
A. r" 3. ; J. Bradley, F. S. ; A. Mitchell, T. ; Rev. A. Searritt, C. ;
E. K. Atterbury, A.'c. : W. W. Mitchell. I. S. ; D. DolI'myer, O. S.
On July 11, 1852, the people of Howard county assembled at the
College chapel at Fayette, to pay appropriate honors, upon receiving-
news of the death of Henry Clay. Addresses were delivered by
Robert T. Prewitt, General John B. Clark and Major C. F. Jack-on.
On ^londay, the 4th day of June, 1855, the [leople, irrespective
of party, met at the court-house at Fayette to express their views in
reference to the " Fanatics of Kansas, Missouri and elsewhere." The
followir.g gentlemen were appointed a committee on resolutions:
W. M. j'acksou, G. M. B. ilaugh, X. G. Elliott, F. M. Grimes, J. J.
Lowery, Sr., Jno. B. Clark, Jr., G. W. Morehead, J. F. Finks,
SetonE. Graves, Joseph Cooper, Morgan A. Taylor, Taylor Hughes,
Thomas Payne, C. C. P. Hill, H. L. Brown, Rice Patterson, J. W.
Henry and others. Owen Rawlins was president, R. C. Hancock,
secretary-.
A subsequent meeting of a similar character wa-^ held at the same
phrce, wlien a large numljer of dele^'ates from Howard county were
appointed to atton<l the Pro-slavery convention which met at Lexing-
tou, Missouri, July 12, 1855.
184 HISTORY OF IIOWAUD AXD CIIARITON COUNTIES.
CUOLKRA.
Cliolera inafle its appearance in Fayette the first time, in 1S32 or
lb3o. Tiiero >v,is one case in 1849. Dv. C K. Scott, of Fayette,
made a visit to liij native State, Viricinia, during tluit year, and took
the disease while returning home; he died after his return. The
."holera again made its appearance in August, 1855. Among those
wlio died in the town were ^Irs. Catherine ^Nlarley and John A. John-
son. Harrison and Cievchmd Stapleton died in the country. It
made its appearance again, in it^ most virulent form, in 1873, there
being fifty-three deaths out of fil'ty-six cases. A physician who
passed through it and witnessed its etlects in all its various phases
during that year, gives the following account of the same : —
CHOLEKA AT FAYETTE IX 1873.
P'reparea by U. S. Wri-b.t, M. D.]
Thi-- epidemic was brought to <>ur town July 19, 1873, by a
Swede, who had beeri a laborer on the railroad, which was then Ijeing
constructed through the town. I'^rom the best information, he had
been drhiking several days when he came to Fayette, arriving here on
the night of the 18th, from Boonville. I was called to see him early
on the morning of ihe 19th, and found Jjim in a collapsed state,
called a consultation and did all we could, but the patient never
rallied, dying in five or six hours. This man died in a Ijoarding-
liouse, constructed from the lumber of an old livery stable, built on
the same ground, eousequenlly the surroundings seemed to be quite
favorable to an outbreak of the disease. There were, perhajis, fifty
men boarding at this house. It was only a few days when two more
of the railroad men (laborers) were attacked in the same manner and
died in twenty-four hours or less time. This produced a great ex-
citement among the citizens, which amounted almost to a panic In a
few days thereafter. The colored people had a picnic near the town,
and the next day the medical authorities positively announced that
five negroes had died with the dreaded disease, and that several others
of that race had the symptoms of cholera. The citizens organized a
sanitary committee under the au-pice^ of the medical faculty, and
used their be^t elforts to abate the ravages of the oriental plague in
Fav'ette. Nurses for the sick and dyiuir were provided, and otliers
were appointtal whose duty it was to see the dead decently interred.
About three-fourths of the population of the town fled, and remained
away until they supposed the disease had run its course, when they
HISTORY OF HOWAHD AND ClIAHITOX COl'NTIF.S. IS.")
would retiini, -iNaitiii^ just K'ii<;- cnougli fm- auotlier (Mit'n'fak wlicii
tliey would Again flee. The disease continued to attack and kill our
pcoi/le until the 9th of Septeniuor, when tlie last ca-e oecurred in the
eoniniunity. As soon as the news had been heralded abroad that all
danger was past, the absent citizens returned. Fifty-! hree person?
had been carried ofi' by the disease, and among this nniufier were
some of the best citizens of the town. As far as known, there had
lieen fifty-six cases of cholera, but t/n-ev recovering, showing the
miiliiinant character of the disease. There were, however, many cases
oi cholerine, \vhich ^\•ould have turned into genuine cholera had it not
lieen for the physicians and kind nursing.
The cause of the epidemic seems to be still veiled in mysterv.
There were, ;it the time, (juile a number of laboring men gathered in
camps and boarding-shanties, engaged in building railroads, in ami
near the town, an<l also nniii}' negi'oes crowded togetlier in every
availalile house in the city; these facts, coupled with the further fact,
that the town \\as poorly bupplied witjj p!i\y-vaults, and those in use
were neglected and nncletmly — I tliink fLirnished at least some of the
ctiuses for the pestilence ]irijvailing here, after its germ had been
imported. The town at that time was almost wholly supplied -irith
water from iceU-'^, and this drinking M'ater question is known to Ive an
important factor in the spread of this plague. Ours is a limestone
district, but it is now thought that the geological structure of tin. soil
has but little influence upon the di-^ease, and it is admitted tha.t it is
the physicid rather than the mineralogical structure that produces
cholera.
Another cause for its pro[iagation here may have been found in
the number of staauant poids of water in the vicinity, caused by thi;
railroad dumjis at many points along the line of the road. The
disease here was verv unmanageable, as tlie cases advanced very
rapidly info the collapsed condition. Calomel, given in small doses,
seemed to be the most efficient remedy. Witli my experience w-ith
cholera, I would advise immediate flight, as the ))cst plan of getting
rid of so formidable an advei-sary, upon the part of the citizens of any
community, whenever the disease appears.
A MKTEOKIC I'HENO.MENON'.
Between, three and four o'clock on Wednesday morning, Novem-
ber 13, 1833, there occurred in Fayette, and in every t(l^vn and county
tluoughout the United Slates, a meteoric phonfuiienon, the si)!eudor
of which never passed from the memory of those who witnessed it.
186 jil.STOKY OF nO\\AT;D AND CHAKITOX COUNTIES.
It has since lieeii kmiwn aiul rcmeniljcred, as " the l':illing of the
stars." In the {iniianient aliove, and all around the liorizon, were
bcheli] iiniuiner;djle lialls of lire of a Nvhilish, pallid color, ru^hi.ng
down and acrcibs the skv, di'a.wiiig after them huip; liuninons trains,
v.diich clothei.i the whole he;'veiis in a\''ful majesty', and gave to the
air and earth ;'. pale and death-like aiipeiratice. An inconceivable
number of meteors shot athwart and downwards from the heavens, as
though the v.hole framework of tlie blu<! ;ind cloudless arch above
had been shaken. These luminous bodies had the appearance of
flying thi'ough the air with great rapidity, occasioning the greatest
■wonder among the beholders, mingled with fear and consternation.
Some described them as the slovr and sparse descent of large flakes of
snow, and tliat each flake, l>ecoming ignited in its passage, fused like
a bombshell before bursting, leaving a long, lurid light in its
wake, and that tens of thousands of these, continued to descend and
scatter, each becoming extinct before reaching the earth.
SECRET SOCIETIES.
Lafayette Lodge, No. 47, A. F. and A. M., organized Octoficr
17, 1842."^ Charter'^mcmbers — Priestly H. McBridc^G. M. ; Samuel
T. Crews, David Kuiikle, 'Wm. G. Kerley.
First ofEccrs — Samuel T. Crews, W. M. ; David Kunkle, S.
W. ; W. G. Kerley, J. W. ; Wm, Taylor, Treasurer ; James H. San-
ders, Secretary ; A. H. McDonald, S. D. ; 1. L. Johnson, J. D. ; L.
Crigler, T.
Present otilcers — Theo. F. AVoods, W. M. : M. A. Boyd, S.
W. ; Uriel S. V,"right, J.AV. ; Thos. G. Deatherage, Secretary ; TLo^.
J. Payne, Treasurer; John Talbot, S. D. ; James Waters, J. D. :
Wm. F.Vrieman, T.
Temple eommandery, No. 2S, orgauized ]March 15, 188"2, with
S. B. Cunningham, A. F. Davis, Jno. B. Clark, Jo. W. Finks, Jno.
S. Elliott, K.P. Williams, J. T. Smitli, W. A. Mathews, Jas. B.
Brooks, W. A. Dudgeon and J. C. Ferguson.
Present officers — Sid. B. Cunningham, E. C. ; Arthur F. Davis,
M. C. ; Julius C. Ferguson, C. G. ; R. P. Williams, P. ; Jas. T.
Smith, R. ; M. A. Boyd, Treasurer; Jas. B. Brooks, S. W. ; Robert
C. Claik,*J.^V. ;^L. S. Prosser, S. B. ; W. F. Mitchell, S. B. ; W.
A. Dudgeon, W.
Fayettej Chapter, No. 94, organized with the following charier
members — W. A. Dud<reon, J. C. Feriruson, Thomas G. Deathera-e,
Hisroi;v OF iionvakp and ciiAiarox counties. 187
Iv. C. Clark, 11. P. AVilliaius, S. 1>. Ciini)inL:'li;un, James B. Brooks,
J. L. Mon-ison., Jo. II. Finks.
Fii-ot uffi.'Ci.s — AV. A. l^iid-eou, n. r. : J. C. Fergu-on, K. :
'i'liomas G. Doalhoiagc, S. ; B. C. Clark, C. II. ; R. P. WiHiaui-, P.
.S. : J. B. Brooks, K. A. C. ; .S- B. CuiininL''li:ui-, secretary ; J. L.
Moi'rison, treasurer : Theo. F. Woods, M. od. Y . ; J. T. Smith, M.
lM. V. : J. T. Bailey, M. 1st. V. ; X. B. Corprew, G.
Present offieers — William A. DuJgeoii, II. P. ; Julius C. Fergu-
Min, K. ; Nestor B. Cooper, S. : :M. A. Boyd, C. M. : R. C. Clalk,
P. S. ; John Tall.ot, li. A. C. : Theo. F. Woods, M. od. V. ; James
B. Brooks, M. 2d. V. ; Uriel S. Wright, M. 1st. V. ; S. B. Cunning-
ham, secretary; AValtei' C. Knaiis, treasurer; W. F. Tieman, guard.
A. O. U. AV. eliarter mcuibors of Cincinnatus Lodge, Xo. 143,
A. O. U. W.— John A. MeKinney, H. A. Xorris, C. E.l'.urekhartt,
Joel W. Morri-. C. J. AVahl-Mi, John Dinkle, John C. Ilerndon, L. S.
Prosser, James AVaters, N. B. Cooper, Thomas Ward, AV. C. Arline,
A. F. AVillis, AV. B. Anderson, S. C. .AJajor, A. J. Furr, J. F. A<:c^,
O. G. Willis, Thomas B. Brooks, John B. Diekerson and James' P.
Morrison.
First set of oilieers — John C. Ilerndon, ]-*. ]\I. AA^. ; L. S. Pros-
ser, M. AV. ; N. B. Cooper, G. F. ; James Waters, O. ; W. C.
Arliue, G. ; C. J. Walden, recorder; Joel AA\ .Alorris, F. : J. A.
MeKinney, P. ; John Dinkle, I. AV. ; H. A. Norris, O. AV. ; J. A.
MeKinney, med'eal examiner.
Present offieers — II. A. Norris, P. M. AV. ; Thomas AV.ard, M.
W.; James AVaters, G. F. ; James F. Agee. O. ; A. F. AVillis,
recorder; C. Rosenhaum, P. ; U. S. AVright, F. ; F. Marsdeii, G. ;
James Armstrong, I. AV. ; M. L. Skillman, O. W.
Howard Lodge, No. 10, I. O. O. F., charter members — Thomas
M. Davis, C. II. Green, David Kunkle, James S. Jackson, James ]\l.
Major. Established April 8, 18-14.
First oiiicers — Thomas M. Davis, N. G. ; C. II. Green, V. G. ;
J. S. Jackson, Treasurer; D. Kunkle, Secretaiy ; J. M. ^Major,
Warden; H. Finney, Con. ; G. AV. Hood, AV. S.'n. G.
Present officers, (1883)— John D. Tolson, N. G. ; AVilliam
Snafroth, A'. G ; Jacob Mortenson, treasurer; T. R. Betts, secre-
tarv ; R. E. Keiser, warden.
Sons of Temperance, Howard division. No. .'U, was organized in
Fayette, December ol, 1848. The officers were : AV. T. Lucky,
W.' P. : R. Lvnch, AV. A. ; AV. ?*IcNair, R. S. ; S. T. Preston, A. R.
188 iii,-.T(;ii;v or howaim) am> ch \i;ito\ cointiks.
S. ; J. Bradley. F. S. ; A. Mitcliell, T. ; Kev. A. Scarritt, C ; K. K.
Atteil.uiT, A. C. ; AV. \V. Mitrhcll, 1. S. : I). Dotllinyer, O. S.
CEXTKAL AND HOWAKD COI.LIX: liS.
Central and Howard colleges, gradually grew out of an efiVirt hi
IS-iO and I8I0 (according to the stalenient of I'ev. Carr AV. Prit-
chett ), to e.-talilish. at I'^ayctte the state univcrslt}'.
The question of the location of the university avi"akened tlie
liveliest intere.-rt, in sevci'ul counties of liie state — uotubly in Eoone,
Callawaj- and Ho^vard. Ivacli of these, including Cooper and Cole,
made their bids in land and money. Boone county bid $117,900;
Callaway, S'.lG.OOO ; Howard, $94,000; Coo^ier, $40,000; Cole,
$30,000. Failing in their etl'orts to secure the location of tlie slate
university, at Fayette, the people determined to l)uild up a school in
their own niid<t, that would be an honor to them-elves anil to the
state. A building was erected wliicli was otfeVed to the state during
the contest, for the h.ication of the university. This was burned ili^wn
soon afterwards, but rebuilt previous to 1844. For a time, a school
wa- coutlucte'd in it, by Mr. Patterson, afterward.^ president of
Masonic college. In 1844, it was sold for debt, and Nvas |)urchased
by Capt. AVilliam D. Finney, and by him transferred, under most
generous conditions, to the ^Methodist Episcoj)al church, lor school
purposes. In the fall of 1844, Howard high school, the mother of
both Cential and Howard colleges, was organized by AA'lUi^.ni T.
Lucky. He began with only seven pupils. In a year or two, Pre-i-
tlenl Lucky, was joined by his brother-in-law, liev Natlian Scarritt.
The school attained a remarkable prosperity. In lS47-4y, Prof.
"William T. Davis became assocliited with President Lucky, and the
linancial affairs were conducted under the style of Lucky c^- r)a\-is.
In 1851, President Lucky tennjoraril}' retired, and Ivev. Carr "W.
Pritchett and Prof. Davis were associated in its nianageniont under
the style of Pritchett & Davis. In 1852, President Lucky resumed
his })Uice, and the management was under the style of Luckv &
Pritchett. At this [ierir)d, the school was very i)rosperou<, having
an auuual enrollment of about 350 pupils. January 26, 1854, the
large building of Howard high school was destroyed by tire. It
btood on the [iresent site of Central college. This ealamit\' caused
great iueonveuieuce and loss, but the large school was continued in
the churches and other buihlings, until [)ro\idcd for, by the erection
of the north addition to the building of Howard coUcLie. The main
part of this building was erected in 185:?, for a l)oarding hou.~e for
^ -■
>STT
.:^i (?=
At-,
•i '-
' -
m.STOliV OF HOWAliU AND CHAinTON COl'-NTli:S. !■>'.'
tlie young ladies of IIowiuxl high -scliool. In tlic s[>riiig o! l65o,
the separation of the male and female depavtiiieuts touh iilace. 1 lie
luaio department was under the control uf Prof. C. ^'\ \ Prilclietl,
and tlie female dep:utinent was conducted \>y ^V. T. Luciiy. The
male department in 1857, became the provisional organization uf
Central college, and the female department, became Howard college.
CENTRAL COLLKGE.
At an educational convention held in St. Louis, in 1853, it was
determined to establish an institution of learning of high grade, to
be located at some central point, easily accessible from everj' point of
the state. The name accordingly given it was " The Central Col-
lege." It was, moreover, to be cen.tral to a number of high schools
located in ditferent parts of the state, and which were designed to be
"feeders" to the college. A preparatory department was also estab-
lished in connection with the college.
The college began oiierations with Eev. Nsithan Scarritt, A. M.,
president pro ie;ii., in 1857. He resigned during the year and the
entire control passed into the hands of Prof. Pritchett. The second
president was Rev. A. A. Morrison, A. ^NL, who also resifrncd in
1860, when the entire organization devolved upon Prof. Pritcb.ett.
Piitchett was succeeded by Kev. W. H. Anderson, A. M.., in the fall
of ISL'O. There was a large number of students and inci-easiiig pros-
perity until the war cloud burst in ISGl, when, shortly after the
graduation of tlie lirst senior class, it was deemed best to suspend the
regular college exercises. A collegiate course was taught, hovvever.
in the college building by Kev. Dr. Anderson and Rev. C. W.
Pritchett, for a couple or more of years during the war. The
threatening difhcullics led to a suspension of all exercises at length,
and the college building was occupied by the military. At the
conclusion of the war the citizena of Fayette generously put the
building in a state of repair, and an excellent classical scminarv
was opened under the control of Rev. H. A. Bourland. Prof. F.
X. Forster succeeded him in the management of it. Its success
led to hopes of reviving the college proper. An educational
convention was accordingly called in June, lS(iS, attended by
the leading men of the Methodist Episcopal Church South, in Mis-
souri. Bishop Marvin presided, and Dr. \Vm. A. Smith, ex-Gov.
Polk, and many other eminent men, took an active part in its iiro-
ceedings.
The convention recommended that the board of curators reopei!
14
190 IIIbTOUY OF lICn'.AKD AND CliAIUTOX COL'NTIES.
the college wiieiiever a subscrijjtion of $100,000 for un endo\\"ment
I'und should have been secured. Dr. "Wui. A. ^mith was Ihen elected
president of the college, and addressed himself vigorously to the
uork of securing the necessary endowment. Much enthusiasm pre-
vailed, and tv/o gentlemen in the convcidion gave $5,000 eacli.
These were the iale Adam Ilendrix, Esq., of Fayette, and the hiie
Hon. Truiton Polk, of St. Louis. Over $40,000 of the amoun.t was
sul^serihed by li'ading Methodists in St. Louis. Macon, ^Mexico, Chilii-
cothe, St. Joseph, and otner places responded liberally, and many
began to hope lliat the necessary amount could be raised in a single
year, when the broken health of Dr. Smith compelled him lo desist
from his h'lbors. He accordingly sought lest for a few months in
Virginia, where he had long labored as the honored president of
Eandolph-^Iacon college. He liugered only a short time, when he
died, lamented by thousands in every part of the laud. Kev. W. 'M.
Kush, D.D., succeeded in the agency of the college, and, by the
fall of L'>70, the ijoard of cnri'tors were aljlu to report the necessary
subscrii'ition of $100,000 endowment. Dr. Iiush continued in the
tield as agent, to collect the endowment, while Kev. John C. Will^,
D.D., of the Southern university, in Alaljauia, was elected president
of the college. About half of the original endowment was collected
and funded. Fully $25,000 of the remainder was in St. Louis real
estate, which, with the other subscriptions, were so seriously atl'ected
by the financial crisis of 187o, that they greatly depreciated in vrdue.
The real estate promises to recover its value, Imt several large sub-
.scriptions were lost by reason of the panic. The board of curators
still hope to realize from the uncollected endowment notes.
^^ hiie tlu' college has not been linanciallv a .>uccess, it has made
a record for thorough scholarship antl excellent discipline that is an
honor to the whole state. Dr. Wills proved himself an admirable
educator. He was aided in the faculty I)}- such meu as Pi'ofs. Forster.
JNiiller, Corprew, and Mumpower, beside? competent instructors in the
preparatory department. The "school system" so long in vogue
in the Lniversity of Virginia was adopted in place of the few vears"
curriculum of many of our American colleges. The faenlty believed
that under this system, more and better work would l)e done, and tlu-v
seem well satisfied with the results. There has been an average attend-
ance of about 130 students for several years past.
Dr. Wills, whose health began to fail in the winter of 1877, died
in February, 1878. Despite his lamented derdh, the discipline which
ho had established in the college w;is so perfect that during the rest
insTORv OF ho\vai;d and oiaritox couxties. 191
of the year, undertime iiianagenient of Prof. Forste)-. there wa-^ not the
slightest disorder. The boanl of curators at their meeting in St.
Louis, April 26, 1878, considered a proposition from the lioard of
trustees of Pritchett institute of Ghasgow, which looked toward the
removal of the classical department of the college to Glasgow, on
which condition the endowment of the institute was to go to Central
college, and the two institutions were henceforth to be consolidated
under the name of Central college. The further condition was that
co-educatio!i should be introduced into all the departments of tlie
college.
The board, on advice of legal counsel, saw that such a removal
would cost them part, if not most, of the endowment of the college,
and determined not to accept the offer. The people of Fayette and
vicinit}' in the meantime raised a subscription of $10,000 on condition
that the college should not be removed, which subscription was accc})ted
by the board of curators.
An election for president of the college was held in 1878, v.-lien
Rev. Eugene R. Hendrix, A. M., was unanimously chosen. He was
formerly a student at Central college, but graduated at Wesleyan
university, Middletown, Conn., where he went to pursue his studies
during the war. He was also elected " Marvin professor of Biblical
literature." In the beautiful catalogue which was issued in 1878, we
have seen an outline of the work of this new department which was
then added to the college. There are young ministers from the Piap-
tist and Cumberland Presbyterian churches as well as from the Meth-
odist Episcopal church south, who are students, and doubtless this
class will be largely increased.
'In the spring of 1878, v.-hcn the present administration liegan.
the productive endowment of Central college was $45, 000, and the
attendance of students as already stated, about 130. There v.-as,
moreover, a debt of some $12,000, including $1,700 yet due on the
contract, for the erection of the college building some twenty years
before. The outlook was not encouraging but to those who had faith
in the final success of the college. This faith was shared alike by the
board of curators and the facull}'. Three years later the patronage
had increased to over 180 students, the debt had been entirely paid
and the -productive endowment had grown to over $60,000. In tlu'
meantime "'Will's hall," a boarding-house for young men of limited
means, and a commodious gymnasium had been erected. To accom-
plish these ends members of the board and others contrii)uted ~ums
192 hi.^toi:y or ho\vai;i:i and chauiton cuuntiks.
Kinging from $10U to $5,000, several persons agreeing to givt- ;?1,0()0
each annually for an imleHnite period.
In Xovemljcr, 18S1, Mr. Eobcrt A. Barnes, of St. Louis, ^^■ho
had previous!}- made large donntions, to the college library, gave
$?.T.0U0 to endow the " Kobert A. Barnes " chair of Greek and Latin.
In November, 18^2, he gave $20,000, in honor of his umther, to
endow the "Mary Evans Barnes" chair of English and modern lan-
guages. These timely gifts, with others, in-omi)ted the board to enlar::e
the college campus by the purchase of some four additional acres,
and to take immediate steps for the erection of a new college chapel
to cost some $20,000.
The standard of .scholarship in Central college has always been
very high. Indolent students arc not allowed to remain. A consid-
erable proportion of the students send themselves to college, and their
industrious example is contagious. To aid meritorious students who
would otherwise be unable to comi)hte their course, Mr. A. F. Davis,
of Fayette, g-ave $."',000 in January, 1883, the i;icome to be loaned
without intere,>t to such students as may be recommended by the
faculty. This will be known as the " Arthur F. Davis Student's
Loan Fund," in memory of the deceased son of the generous donor
of the fund.
The different chairs of the college are tilled b_v professors who
are specialists in their departments, and well eqiii[)ped to guide the post-
graduate studie-- of young men who annually aspire for such instruc-
tion. Original work is expected from year to year of each occupant
of ii professor's chair. This, tirst in the forn) of public lectures de-
livered before the whole bod}' of students, and afterwards, in some
instances, addressed to ii yet wider pul»lic through the press, constitute
an attractive feature of the college.
The college library now numbers some 3,000 volumes. An
aluni;ii alcove is given to works of reference. On the completion of
the new chapel the library will find better accommodation in the
present chaijei, which will make a most attractive library room. In
the matter of library, as "well as that of mineralogical and zoologital
collections, and of scientiflc apparatus the foundations have been laitl
with reference to superstructures of ample size. In short, the college
has sought the real and the permanent in all the work done.
President Hendrix, though young in years, brings a ripe experi-
ence, thorough culture, and a zealous and tireless energy to the work.
With such a man, therefore, to look after its interests the grtmdest
success may be expected for Central college in the future.
HISTORY OF IIOV.AKD AND CHARITON' COUNTIES. 193
PAST TKKSIDENTS ANIJ PROFESSORS.
Kev. X;itiiau Scarritt. D. D., pn-sidciit from July, 1857, to Juno,
IS.'iS, protessor of lUieioiit languages; C. AV. Pritcliett, professor of
niathcnRities ; Eli Ofl'ut, priueliial of preparatory department.
Ecv. A. A. Morrison, D. D., June, 1858; C. W. Prichctt, professor
of raathi'niatics ; A. J. Dyas, adjunct ; I. A. Reubelt, p.rofessor of
languages ; H. B. I'aisous, adjunct.
" Eev. A. A. Morrison, D. D., 1859, 1800 ; A. C. Dyas, professor
of mathematics ; C. W. Pritcliett, in-ol'cssor of natural science ; J. A.
Reubelt, professor of languages ; LI. B. Pars(jns, adjunct.
Eev. W. H. Anderson, D. D., June, 1860, 1801 ; A. C. Dyas,
professor of mathenuitics ; C. W. Pritcliett, professor of natural
science; A. F. Brackman, professor of languages.
Eev. W. A. Smith, D. D., June, 1868, 1870, ^vho conducted for tsvo
years a classical seminary, until the new college was reopened and
completed. The teachers were Professor F. X. Forster, assisted by
Professor Eowland Daggett, Professor F. A. Taylor, Mrs. J. P. Ful-
ler, jNliss A. L. Cooper, Miss Lou C. Forster.
Eev. J. C. Wills, D. D.. 1870, February, 1878. Profs. F. X.
Forster, F. A. Taylor, and Dr. W. G. Miller, were elected members
of the fac'dty ; II. I). Groves and J. L. Taylor, tutors. In the
absence of the president. Professor Forster was appointed dean of the
faculty.
Eev. E. R. Hendrix, D. D., 1878. O. H. P. Corprew, professor
of Greek and Latin ; Edward A. Allen, professor of English and
modern languages; Wm. B. Smith, professor of mathematics ; James
T. Anderson, professor of chemistry, physics, and astronomy; J. W.
Kilpatrick, professor of natural history, mineralogy, and geology ;
T. G. Mumpower, principal of preparatory department ; T. H. Har-
vey, fellow and adjunct professor of Greek and Latin.
Dr. Hendrix is the present (1883) president.
CURATORS.
Eev. E. R. Hendrix, D. D., president, ex-officio ; Eev. D. R.
McAnally, D. D., vice-president; Rev. W. M. Rush, D. D. ; Rev.
T. M. Finney, D. D. ; Rev. C. C. Woods, D. D. ; W. il. Eads, Esq. ;
W. McDonald, Esq. ; Samuel Cupples, Esq. ; A. F. Davis, Esq. ;
Eev. Xathau Scarritl, D. D. ; J. E. Rvlaiid, Esq. ; W. O. Grav,
Esq.
EXECUTIVE CO.MMITTEE.
E. E. Hendrix, D. D. ; Rev. W. M. Rush, D. D. ; A. F. Davis.
l'*4 lllSTOUY or JIOWAKD AND ClIAIUTON COUNTIEb.
FIX AN CI AL COMM ITTE K .
Samuel Cupjilt'S, E>q. ; Rev. T. ]\I. riiuiey, D. D. ; A. F. Davis.
ATTF.NDAXCi: Ol' STrDP;NTS SINCE THE OUGANIZATION OF THE COLLEGE
IN 1S57.
1S57-5S, rarttririilates, 144, gradiiati^s, — ; ISoS-oO, matricu-
lates, 95, graduatc.s 1 ; lS59-r.O, matricuhitos, 110, graduates, — ;
18G0-til, iiKitvieulates, Hi', graduates, 0 ; 1870-71, luiiti-ieiilates. 104,
gniduates, — ; 1871-73, matriculates, 105, graduates, 3; 1873-73,
matriculates, 125, graduates, 3; 1873-74, matriculates. 111, gradu-
ates, 1 ; 1874-75, matriculates, 107, graduates, 2; 1875-7G, matricu-
lates, 140, graduates, 2; 187(>-77, matriculates, 131, graduates, 2 ;
1877-78, matriculates, 138, graduates, 2 ; 1878-71', matriculates, 130,
graduates, 1; 1879-80, matriculates, 155, graduates, 10; 1880-81,
matriculates, l'^3, graduates, 5; 1881-82, uiatriculates, 168, gradu-
ates, 3. Total lor 16 years — Studeuts, 2058 ; graduates, -10.
T 1 T L E D O I{ A D U A T E S .
1859 —.'^. C. :\Iajor, Jr., B. S.. Fayette. Mo.
1861— E. Pv. Bartou, \. B., Colorado; O. M. Harrison, B. L..
Glasgow, Mo. ; F. M. H.'udrix, A. B., deceased ; R. F. Luckett, A.
B., St. Charles, Mo. ; Duvis Ruthbuu, A. B., .
1872— D. H. El)y, Ph. B., Hannibal, Mo.; J. T. Forest, Ph.
B., Fayette, Mo. ; J. R. A. Vaughan, A. B., St. Louis county. Mo.
1873 — J. P.GodI.ey, Ph. B., Bates county. Mo. ; J. A. Poage, A.
B., California; T. G. ^[umpower, A. ^M.. Fayette, Mo. ; J. R. A.
Vaugha.n, A. M.. St. Eoui-. M.).
1874 — V\'. O. Gray, Pii. B., Louisiana, Mo.
1875 — S. >L Godhry, A. M., Cooper county. Mo.; W. C.
Arliue, Pli. B., Fayette, Mo.
1876 — C. B. Rush, A. M., Prescott, Arizona; R. J. Coleman.
A. B., Fayette, Mo.
1877 — R. H. Hamilton, Ph. B., Lebanon, Tenn. ; W. D. Van-
diver, Ph. B., Caledonia, Mo.
1878 — C. R. Forster, A. M., Fayette, Mo. ; Josiah Godbey, Jr.,
A. iLi Cooper county, Mo.
1879 — R. H. Payne, A. ^L, St. Charles, Mo.
1880 — R. E. Bail, A. M., Carrollton, Mo. ; T. S. Dines, A. M..
Brunswi<k, M.'. ; S. B. Ferrell, Ph. B., O'Fallon, Mo. ; W. F. Hcu-
drix, Ph. B., Kayttf, Mo. : J. N. Holmes Ph. B., Arrow Rock, M... ;
in^TOKV OF UOWAUD AND CHAP.ITON COLNTIES. I'j."'
J. D. Lindiay, A. M., CliiUou, Mo. ; J. F. Linn, Ph. B., PIeas:ait
Hill, Mo.; J. G. Eeyuokls, Ph. B., Arrow Koek, Mo.; J. W.
Vaiighan, Ph. B., St. Louis count}-, Mo. ; T. Ward, Jr., A. M., Fa3(dtte,
Mo.'^
ItJt^l — J. B. Finley, A. ]>., Weston, Texas ; B. C. Hinde, A.
B., Fulton, Mo. ; W. H.'pritohelt, A. M., Fayette, Mo. ; W. C. Scar-
ritl, A. M., Kansas City, Mo. ; G. M. Smiley, Ph. B., Sniithton, Mo.
1882 — Hubert ,M. Harvey, Ph. B.. Saline county, Mo. : Thomas
Hundall Harvey, A. M., Saline county. Mo. ; Benjamin C. Hinde. A.
M., Fayette, Mo.
GRADUATES IX SCHOOLS 1882.
A. C. Miller, school of English: S. McHenry, school of physics
and astronomy; J. E. Squires, school of moral philosophy.
HONOUARY DEOr.EKS CONFERKED. D. D.
1881 — Professor Isaac S. Hopkins, A. M., Emory college,
Oxford, Ga.
1882 — Professor Wallace "W. Duncan, A. M., Wotlbrd college,
Spartansburg, S. C.
IIOAVARD FEMALE COLLEC4E.
This splendid seminary for young ladies was chartered bv the
Mi-^souri Legislature in 1859, nearly twenty years ago, and is now
presided over by the Kev. Joseph H. Pritchett, assisted by an able
and experienced corps of teachers. It is a twin offshoot with Central
college from the old Howard high school, which was founded bv
Wm. T. Luekey as early as 1845, and which for ten or fifteen years
made an enviable history among western institutions, being alwavs
distinguished for its successful discipline and advanced curriculum.
Till the beginning of the civil war the college grew more prosper-
ous every year under -the new dispensation, but like most other insti-
tutions belonging to the Southern Methodist church, it suffered very
greatly during the war — being despoiled of everything. The grounds
were left exposed, the building dilapidated ; and, M'orse than all, the
vv'hole i)ro[)erty was subjected to a heavy debt. Five years after the
war, the Rev. Moses U. Payne paid off the debt from his own private
purse and restored the property to the church on the condition that
the school should thereafter be conducted u[)on the manual labor plan.
In order to carry out this provision, Mrs. J. P. Fuller and Mis- A. E.
19G HISTORY OF HOWAKU AND CllAIUTON COUNTIES.
Cooper were chosen joint in-incipals, who, with a conipeffiit corps or
teachers, conducted tlie school three years. This phm being found
iiiipracticnble,Mr. Pavne so modified his conditions as to con=ent that
the school should be conducted as the church should conclude best.
The school w^i^. therotorn, continued under the management of iNIiss
Cooper as sole principrd from June, 1873, to June, 1874, wlien Prof.
E. H. Pitman, of St. Charles county. Mo., was induced to accept the
presidency. His labors began under very flattering auspices, liringing
to the school, as he did, a fine reputation as an experienced and suc-
cessful educator. Hopes were generally entertained that his presi-
dency would bo permanent, as the school had already sulTercd much
at home and abroad from frequent changes.
Owing to bad health and other discouragements, however, Prof.
Pitman retired in. 1876, and the Rev. Joseph H. Pritchett, was elected
president of the college. The selection was wisely and judiciously
made. There were many serious endiarrassmeuts attendant upon the
ofllce, and none l)ut a man of tireless energy and decided executive
ability Coulu have brought order out of the chaos which prevailed.
Tliis. the able and etEclent head of the institution, supported by a
superior faculty, successfully did. The school more than realized the
expectations of its friends tlie first year of the new administration.
Its second year had been one of marked prosperity. There had been
nitre pupils in attendance, and tlie classes had been larger ar.d better
organized than at any time since the suspension of the college during
the war.
The necessary steps have been taken and a good foundation laid
f<")r securing a library, scientific apparatus and a museum. A reading
room has been provided, whore the young ladies of the boarding
department mav have access to the l)est standard and periodical liter-
ature of Europe and America.
Howard college justly claims -to stand at the head of western
schools for the education of females — especially so in the extent of
its curriculum and the thorougbnoss of its instruction. It lays par-
ticular stress upon fundamentals and essentials in intellectual and
moral culture — nothing for mere show or parade. There are eight
teachers employed, and instruction is given in English literature,
liiijher mathematics, two ancient and two modern languages, mental
and pKvsical science ; besides a primary school, and a school of art,
including music, p;iiuting, drawing, etc.
President Pritchett resigned in 1881, and the following year H. K.
Hinde becaiue the president of the college. Dr.' Hinde is doing all
IIItiTOKY OF HOWARD A\0 CHAKITOX COUNTIES. 197
be cull to build up the school and make it more peifcct in every
department.
The building, however, is out of i-epair and needs renovating in
order to make it look neat and attractive. It is a largo four-story
brick, built ia the ahape of the letter "L," and is located near the
Central collrge, a little to the riglit and south, fronting southwest.
PRESENT I'ACUI.TY.
1882-83 — H. K. Hinde, A. M., M. D., president, professor of
mental and moral philosophy ; Charles E. Forster, A. 31., professor of
ancient and modern languages; B. C. Hinde, A. M., professor of
physical science ; Miss M. W. Ewin, teacher of mathematics ; Miss
Mary G. Williams, A. B., teacher of English language and literature ;
Miss Willie Hardison, principal of school of instrumental music ; Miss
Emma 3Iann, principal of school of vocal music ; Miss Annie E.
Howell, principal of school of painting and drawing; Miss Emma D.
JacjLsou, principal of primary department; ^ilrs. 11. K. Hinde,
matron.
BOARD OF CURATORS.
Rev. B. F. Johnson, i)rcsident ; T. A. Swinuey, vice-president ;
John Herndon, secretary; Rev. T. J. Gooch, Rev. Wm. Penn, Rev.
H. D. Groves, Rev. H. B. Watson, Rev. W. W. Jones, Rev. S. W.
Cope, Rev. J. Y. Blakey, Rev. M. U. Payne, Rev. J. H. Pritchett,
C. E. Givens, J. L. Morrison, J. T. Scars, John Marmaduke, W. H.
Nipper, A. C. Vandiver, Jacob Mortenson, Dr. H. K. Hinde.
EXECUTIVE BOARD.
Rev. B. F. Johnson, president ; T. A. Swinney, vice-president;
John Herndon, Rev. Wm. Penn, C. E. Givens, W. K. Nipper, J. L.
Jlorrison, Jacob Mortenson.
VISITING COMMITTEE.
Appoiuted by the Missouri annual conference : Rev. T. J. Gooch,
Rev. J. A. Mumpower, R. E. Anderson.
FORMER PRESIDENTS.
Mrs. J. p. Fuller, Miss A. E. Cooper, associate principals,
1870-73; lMis-5 A. E. Cooper, principal 1873-74; R. H. Pitman,
president, 1874-76; Rev. J. H. Pritchett, president, 1876-81.
198 HlhTOr.Y OF HOWAUn AXD CHAKITOX COUNTIES
187G. — Mit.-i Katie Wriglit, M. E. L., Fayette, Mo. ; Miss Emma
Fisher, M. E. L., Fayette, Mo. ; Miss Daisy Herndou (Mrs. Davis),
M. E. L., Sa!i5b-jry,"Mo.
1879.— Miss F. A. Penn, A. M., Fayette, Mo. ; xMiss Ella Fisher,
A. M., Fayette, Mo. ; Miss Annie Root (Mrs. Violet), A. M., Stur-
sreon,Mo. ; Miss Minnie C<nniovey, A. M., Moberly, Mo.
1880.— Miss Bessie Morrison, M. E. L., Fayette, Mo. ; Miss Dixie
Duncan (Mrs. Wills), M. E. L., Fayette, Mo. ; Miss Stella ?*IcKinncy,
A. M., Fayette, Mo.
1881.— Miss Fannie Davis, M. E. L., Hannibal, Mo. : Miss Willie
Cardwell, A. M., New Florence, Mo. ; Miss Rosa Fisher, A. M., Fay-
ette, Mo. ; Miss Fannie Prosscr, A. ^^I., Brunswick, Mo. ; Miss Min-
nie Morrison, M. E. L., Fayette, Mo. ; Jliss India Swinney, M. E.
Ij., Fayette, Mo.
1882.— Miss Lillic Bryan, M. E. L., Fayette, Mo. ; Miss Sallie
Denny, M. E. L., Fayette, Mo. ; Miss Jennie Houck, ^I. E. L., Fay-
ette, Mo. ; Miss Lulu McCafferty, M. E. L., Burton, Mo. ; Miss Min-
nie Morrison, A. ]\I., Fayette, Mo.
offic?:rs or alumx-e society.
Mrs. John Morrison, }ircsident ; Mrs. A. F. Davis, vice. president ;
Miss Emma Jackson, secretary ; Miss Katie Wright, treasurer.
PUBLIC SCHOOL AT FAYETTE.
Fayette has agood public school, under the management of A. F.
Willis, county commissioner. Tiie school building is a brick struc-
ture, erected in 1871 ; it is two stories, and contains fourrooms. The
teachers are : Prof. A. F. Willie, principal ; Miss Sudie Morrison, Miss
Eva'ine B. Willis Anderson, teacher in colored school. One hun-
dred and thirty-eight pupils now enrolled ; eighty in daily attendance.
There is also an excellent school for the colored people. Two hun-
dred and twenty-three white children are of school age in the district :
one hundred and thirty colored children are of school aire in the district.
The public schools of Fayette were opened in 1S67, under the man-
agement of Thos. G. Deatherage, assisted by Miss Lou Forster.
FIRE.
Unlike many towns not even half so old, Fayette has been wonder-
fully exempt from tires, none of any ciuiseqnenco occurring until July
IIISTOUY OF llOWAUD AM) CIIAKITON COL.NTIES. I'Jit
13th, 1882. Wo copy the following- fnjiii the Howard County Advei--
tis"r:
" Fire ! Fire ! Fiie ! Fayette is on fire ! "
This was the wild cry wliich startled the inhabitants of our usually
quiet city and tore them in rude ha.>te from their peaceful slumbers at
ab'iut four o'clock on last Tlmrsdaj' morning, the loth inst.
Leaping from tlieii- bods and donning the tirst articles of ^\■earing
apparel that came to htuid, they rushed almost with one accord, and
without regard to personal a]jpearance, into the slreets, and luado tlieir
way I'.y the lurid glare of tlames to the principal business block ot'
ton'n, on second Main cross street, south of the court-house. Here a
sight met the gai;e which struck terror to the hearts of the bravest
men. Great sheets of livid tiame were bursting forth and darting
their fior}' tongues heavenward from the rear of Norris & Knaus' fur-
niture establishment, situated about midway of the block. About
one-half of the block was composed of frame buildings, and the fire
spread with almost lightning-like rapidity, and in a {qw moments two-
thirds of the block was a rolling, surging, roaring mass of flames.
The scene simply beggars description — men, women and children
lushing hither and thither, carrying out goods, shouting, screamiuir,
and gesticulating; thi- blaze throwing a weird, uiiearthly brightness
for miles around.
So intense was the heat, and so panic-stricken did the spectators
seem, that some time had elapsed before any well directed eflbrts
were made to check the devastating course of the devouring element.
At length the " bucket brigade " was formed, and did valuable ser-
vice in throwing water on tlio roof and rear of tlie Tolson Hall build-
ing, by which means the flames were subdued, after eight business
houses had been completely consumed.
But a small portion of the contents of the buildings were saved.
The wildest excitement prevailed for some time, and in the elfort to save
goods and effects they were hurled indiscriminately and promiscuously
into the streets. After the first panic had somewhat subsided, both men
and women, without regard to class or condition, went faithfully to
work to remove everything of value possible to places of safety.
Following are the estimated losses and the insurance, which are
believed to he very nearly correct : —
Wills & Nijipor, groceries and queensware — goods partly saved
in damaged condition; stock $3,000; insurance $1,500.
Wm. Barnes, barber, loss small ; no insurance.
J. S. Dickerson, saloon, loss $1,500; no insurance.
M. Skillman, saddlery and harness, stock partly saved, loss
$2,000; insurance $550.
Norris & Knaus, furniture, total loss $4,000; insurance $1,600.
1. N- Wrtua, Independent oSic(i, loss $2,00(.) ; no insurance.
C. J. Walden, Advertiser o'&ce, total loss $6,000; insurance
$1,500.
John Kuehn, saddlery and harness, lo?s $2,000; no insuram^e,
stock partly saved.
200
mSTOKY OF 1I0^VARD AND CHARITON COUXTIE:^
Heiivr Rose, hoots and shoos, hats and caps ; goods mostly
saved; loss $1,000; insurance $1,000.
John C. Graves, loss on saloon $3,000; insurance $1,825.
The Ibilowing losses are I'rom uioving goods, which were damaged
to an nnusuril extent and much rendered entirely useless : —
L. S. Prosser, dry goods and notions; stock $25,000; damage
by removal, $1,000; insurance $10,000.
Di-dgcun ^'i Swetland, druggists, stock $G,000 ; inrurance $4,000 ;
damaged by removal $1,500.
Boyd L<c Sliat'roth ; stock $(3,000 ; insurance $2,500 ; damaged by
removal.
J. H. Kohortson, daninge to law librarv, by water, $150.
" Spot " Jones lost about $300 worth of carpenter tools and mate-
rials, which were in his shop over Wills & Nipper's ; no insurance.
William Kobertson lost about $300 wortli of household goods,
which were stored in the rear of Dickerson's saloon.
1'he loise^ on buildings are : —
William Shafroth, one large double brick store house, $8,000;
insiiranco $4,000; and on two two-story frame business houses, total
loss of $1,000; no insurance.
Jordan Collar, two oue-stor}' frame houses ; v;due $3,000 ; insur-
ance $.'<00.
Dan Keliy, frame house, total loss, $1,200. No insurance.
B. R. Patrick, two-story frame house, total loss, $2,500. No in-
surance.
J. D. Tolson, damage to store rooms and hall, $1,500.
The entire loss is estimated at $.')0.000, of which $15,820 are cov-
ered by insurance in companies, as follows :
German-American
Springfield Fire, Mass.
Queen, of Liverpool
Ins. Co. of North America
^•Etna, of Hartford
Fire Asaociation „ .
Home, of New York
Phanix, of Hartford .
Pennsylvania Fire
$1,750 00
400 00
700 00
1,700 00
2,000 00
2,. 300 00
2,300 00
1,170 00
3,500 00
AFTER THK TIRE.
By eight o'clock the fire was under control, and while some of the
people, wear\'. dirty, emoke begrimed, with clothes torn and dishev-
elled and hearts made sore by the terrible catastrophe, returned to
their homes to breakfast and gather their bewildered thoughts, others
remained on the scene to guard the property from pillagers and make
arrangements for its disposal.
The stofk^ of Messrs. Dudgeon & Swetland and Boyd & Shafroth
were returned to their rooms.
mS'l'OKY OF HOWAIiD AND CILMHTOX COUNTIES. 201
L. S. Pro^^ser's stock i.s tciii|)(irarily stored in one of Tolson's new
rooms on Fir^t Main str<'i't, ■vvlierc he ■\vill remain initil his foru)er
stand is refitted.
H. Kosc is located in the- same luiilding, where he will probahly
remain permanently.
r\I. L. Sl-;illman cari be i'oiind in the room two doors south of the
post-office.
The small remnant of "W^ills & Nipper's stock is stored in Mrs.
Rich's hiiildinL' north of the court-house.
Kuehii's- slock was removed to the room four doors liorth of the
post-office.
Wm. B:irnes maybe found on First >ilain street, f.vo doors be-
low Mr. Prosser. He will be i>ack to the old stand as soon as build-
ing can be erected.
Before the ground ir. the burned district had become cool, Messrs.
Dickerson and Grave? had their forces at work erecting temporary
wooden structures, in which to do business until more substantial
buildings can be built.
E. C. Stowc, pliotographer, with his usual characteristic ejiter-
prise, managed to secure three excellent vie^vs of the »i;ii;Iving j'l'.iiis,
of which he is having an immense sale.
INCIDENTS OF THE FIliE DEEDS HEROIC, WISE AND OTHEKWISE.
To Miss Hattie King belongs the honor of having given the first
alarm. And bravely did she earn it. She was awakened by the light
from the fire shining in at her window, and liastily arising, slie
snatched up a linen duster and drawing it about her as she wont, ran
into the street screaming "fire!" and with wonderful presence of
mind made her way to the scales near the court-house, and seizing the
scale bell began a vigorous riiYging that soon brought the startled peo-
ple to the scene.
The ladies deserve great credit for the part they took in the
morning's work. Their flashing eyes and encouraging voices urged
the men to strain every nerve to check the raging tire fiend, and their
hands did noble service in the work of saving.
J. M. CoUer sustained his reputation as a hero in cases of emer-
gency, and to him, perhaps, more than any other man, are we indebted
for the saving of the renwinder of the block, and much more valuable
property. By almost superhuman etfort. and at innuiuent risk of
his life, he ascended to the roof of Tolson's building, where 'oy the
aid of other brave and willing hands water was brought, and the fur-
ther spread of the lire prevented.
James Tiadall (colored) performed a rash and rather foolhardy
act of bravado. Rushing into Graves' saloon while the walls were
tottering on their foundations, he seized the large clock and carried it
out, reaching tlie street just as the walls fell with a crash, missing
him but a short distance.
202 ni.-TOi:v of howakd and cjiauitox counties.
Wliile njuuy of the I'L'tter class of colovotl people loiKlered gooii
iH-sistaiice, ft nuinlier of proverliially worthless ones stood iibout and
absolutely refused to make any eli'ort, either to check the lire or save
jn-operty. Ko words of condemnation are too severe for any man, lie
he who or what he may, who will stand idly t>y and see his neighbor's
in-opeit_\ de;lio}ed, without making some attempt at rescue.
Fortunately no lives were lost, and the personal injuries sus-
tained hy any one were very slight.
Harry Bumstead had his right baud burned and shoulder bruised
by being crowded against a hot brick wall while removing goods.
Mr. W. A. Dudgeon received a braise on the ai-m while helping
to carry a soda fountain.
Major M. A. Boyd sprained an ankle while tearing down a stair-
way in the rear of the Fayette bank, and was the worst hurt of any
one.
POSTMASTERS.
Fayette post-office, with the date of appointment of postmasters.
Established May 22, 1824: —
May 22, 1824, L. J. Daly.
January 13, 1840, B. F. Jeter.
March 2i;, 1841, William Taylor.
February 2U. 1841, Nathaniel Ford.
March 26. 184-, William Payton.
April 9, 1850. Henry W. Kring.
April 17, 1851, W. T. Mallory.
October 20, 18G3, M. A. Mallory.
October 25, 1865, Miss Alice Gardenhire.
September 9, 18t)7, William A. Dudgeon.
December 23, 18 74, James F. Agee.
BUSINESS HOUSES OF FAYETTE.
7 Attorneys. - 2 Real estate dealers.
6 Physicians. 2 Shoemakers.
1 Dentist. 6 Saloons.
3 Druirgists. 1 Restaurant.
5 Dry good stores. 1 Flour mill.
2 Bunks. 1 Saw mill.
4 Hardware houses. 1 Photographer.
2 Agricultural and implement 3 Blacksmiths and wagon-mak-
dealers. ers.
2 Hotels. 2 Furniture dealers.
o
-/
HIST01:Y of HOWAUD and CHARITOX COINTIKS.
203
2 Livery ?t:ibles.
2 Harness makers.
2 Jewelers.
2 Lumber merchants.
1 Tailor.
2 Meat markets.
2 Grain dealersf / ^^^
1 Tobacco house. ^;:^
2 Insurance agents. , .' ' ;
Depot of Missouri Kansas and
Texas railroad.
Express office. — •'
2 Millinery stores. .
CHxVPTER IX.
CHAKITON TO^xXSIIir.
Boundary — Phj-sical Features- — Early Settlements — Glasgow — Its Early History — First
Churches and Ministers — Town Incorpurated — Cit_v OtBeials — Growth and Busi-
ness— Banks and Bankers — Railroad Bridge, Telegraph, and Telephone — The Ad-
dress of W. Pope Teaman, D. D. — Salt, Sulphur, and Mineral Springs — Palmer
House — Stockholders — Description of the Building — P;\!mer House Opening — Secre'
Societies — Early Schools — Pritchett School Institute — Morrison Otjservatory —
Lewis College — Public School — Lewis Library — Present Business of Glasgow —
Postmasters. ,
BOUNDARY.
The territovi;;! limits of Chariton townshiji liave not been changed
since the creation ot'the same by the county court, in 1821. It i< in
form something like a triangle, and contains about seventy square
miles. It is bounded on the north by Chariton and Randolph coun-
ties ; on the cast h\ Prairie and Richmond townships ; on the south
by Boone's Lick township, and on the west by Saline and Chariton
counties, being separated from Saline county by the Missouri river.
PHYSICAL FEATURES.
The land away from the river is generally high and rolling, and
was originally covered with a dense forest, the greater portion of which
has been cut to make room for the well culti\ated farms which are
now seen in every portion of the township. A number of limestone
quarries have been opened and worked by the local trade. Rock is,
ho\.'ever, found in many parts of the township.
Among the streams are Doxey, Bear, Richland, and Hurricane
creeks, all of which flow westv/ardly and empty into the Missouri
river or cue of its trilnituries.
EARLY SETTLEMENTS.
Among the early settlers of Chariton township, were Thomas il.
Cockerill, who located about two miles east of Glasgow. He after-
wards became a resident of Glasgow. He died about the breaking
out of the late war. H. Clay Cockerill, the present editor of the
HISTOKY OF nOWAIlD AM) CHAKITON COUNTIES. 205
Glasgow Journal, is a sfin of bis. He had aiiotlior sou and two
daugliters, who are still living.
Stephen Doiiolioe located two niile.s east of Glasgow, and tlied
before the war. He left a faniil_v, hut none of jjis children are now
living in tioward couiity.
Henry Lewis came from Virginia at an early day and sctlleil also
in the tn\vnship. He was an uncle of Major J. '\\'. Lewis, and ilied
iieforc the war.
Jolin Wilhoit and Talton Turner were early settlers, and are re-
membered to tliis day as being the only two AVhigs who voted that
ticket foi- years in the township.
Edmond Lewis, Win. D. Swinney, James Earickson, Daniel
Estill, James B. Bonldin, Horton R. Barton and John Bull, were all
among the pioneers of Chariton township, and all emigrated from Vir-
ginia. Horton R. Turner now I'esiiles in Linn county, ^lissonri.
John Bull was at an early period a reiiresentativc in congress. Pat-
rick '\^'oods \vus an t.';irl\- settler. So w!»s Austin F. Walden, ^^llo was
at one time a judge of the co\inty court. William ^Varren «as the
lirst ju-<tice of the peace in the township.
Glasgow owed its early existence to two facts : the heakhfulness of
its location and the superior advantages that would accrue to that
location as a future trading point. Other tov.'ns had been founded
near it, one of whicli (old Chai-iton) had attained considerable impor-
tance, and at one time contained from one to two thousand inhabitants,
but after surviving a number of years, the site was finalh- abandoned,
on account of the malaria and other di'^eases, which annually proved
to be unnsu:dly malignant and fatal. Old Chariton was laid out in
1817. by Gen. DutV Green (who lias since been noted in the history
of Missouri as one of her shrewde-t politicians), 'I'liomas Jcjyce inul
Major Finley, near the mouth of the Chariton river, two miles north
of the present city of Glasgow. The town grew so rapidly, and prom-
ised sf) much for the future, that William Cabeen, one of the pioneers
of the place, actually exchanged his lots in St. Louis, for an equal
Mumborof lots in Chariton.
Chariton i)eing regarded in 1829, as too unhealthful to live in, tiie
town of Mouticello was then located, one mile to the rear of it, on high
laud. In lS?'-2, another town was started on a point fprojecting into
ihe Mi^^oLiri river, at the mouth of the Chariton, which was called
Thornton-buri:. This name, however, not suiting tlie citizen- of the
io
20G JIISTORY OF HOWAKL) AND CIIAiaTOX CUUNTIKS.
place, iiiauv ut' wboui, hud cniigrated from Kentucky, thcv ik'tonniuod
to clumge it, and tiaally bestowed iiixm the bantling i'oi' comniercial
honors, the niore tuiihoaioiis, all)cit hjngcr appellative, LouisriUe-oii-
Missouri-river.
"Wo liavc often heard it remarked, that too njueh name was not
only burdensome, but at times })roved t'aial to its owner. Whether
the name in this instance had any effect upon the aspirations of the
town, we camiot say, bnt it is a fact that Louisrilie-on-Missouri-viv>'f.
together with its predecessors, Monticcllo, Thorn.tonsburg and Chari-
ton, have long since been nnmltcred witli the things ot the i)ast.
Xone of the above situations being just what was desired, upon
which to rear a permanent town or city, they were al! abandoned, and
the present town site of Glasgow was selected, as possessing all the
requisites necessary for such an enterprise. Accordingly, in the fall
of 183(3, the town was laid out originally on parts of sec.ti(jni 8,9,
16, 17, township 51, range 17, by "William D. Swinney, James
Earickson, Talton Turner, John V. Nichols, W . F. Duunioa, James
Glasgow, T. N. Cockerill, llichard Earickson, Joseph A. Blackwell,
Thomas White, James Head, Stephen Donohoe, John Bull, C. D.
"W. Johnson, Benj. G. Pulliam and Wm. J. Moore. Tiie jiroprietors
of the land l"rom whom the town site was purchased, were Talton
Turner and James Earickson. The name Glasgow was given in honor
of James Glasgow, above named, who was one of the early settlers of
Chariton and who afterwards moved to St. Louis, where he died.
The first sale of lots occurred on the 10th of September, 183t)»
the land still being covered with the native forest trees. One hun-
dred lots, one sixth of the whole number, were oll'ered for sale, rmd
these were selected with u vi^-w to an equal distribution of the lots sold
and reserved, iu the more desirable or less desirable portion of the
town.
The pioneer business man of the place was a Mr. Walker, who
erected the typical log cabin on the spot where the blacksmith shop
of James Davis now stands, and opposite to the Palmer house. Here
he opened a small stock of goods, and his prime articles of trade were
whiskey and tobacco, the former being the matutinal drink of the old
settler, and the latter his chief article of luxury.
The uext building was that of Charles Purdon, which was erected
on the corner of Howard and Second streets. It was designed as a
residence and chair factory, Mr. Purdon being a chair-maker. This
building, which was also constructed of logs, was destroyed by fire
during the late war. ;Maiiy of the old settlers still have Purdon's
HISTORY OF HO\VAi;l) AND CHAiilTON COCNTIE.S. 201
chairs, and prize thoiu highly for the soliil comfort tliej alFord as
well as for theii- diu-ability. The earliest " village hiacksniith " wa~
Gi'ecn W. Plunket, who came from Kentucky. The old citizens wlio
now reside here, remember the roar of Ids furnace and llio din of his
sounding anvil, as he ''sharpened" the plow, or shod the horse.
Plunket is dead. Xoah Swacker, who was, however, a contemuorarv
of Plunket, still resides in Glasgow.
The first store and v.areliouse condiined was opened hy AV. J.
Moore c^c Co. Then came Dr. John 15ull, Joseph A. Black-
well, Dunuica & Barton, Mann & Ball, B. W. Lewis & Bros.,
Lewis, Nanson & Co., Bartholow, Lewis & Co., John D. Perry,
Damran Bros, tt Co., William Spear & Co., White & Eariokson.
H. W. Smith, Skinner & Price, and a number of others, souie of
whom are now dead, while others reside elsewhere ; a very few still
remain in Glasgow. The lirst horse-null and carding machine was
operated hy E. Fisher. ]Mr. Fisher had the honor also of supplying
the town and trowelling public witli tlie fir-t steam ferry lioai , which
was named " Clark H. Green," after the editor of the Glasgow Times,
one of the early newspapers of the town. 'Slv. Fisher is still a citizen
of Glasgow. The first i>h_ysician was Dr. James Ivivingston, who
went to Grundy county, ilissouri. Dr. 1. P. Vaughan, was
also among the first physicians in the town, and has since
remained here, excepting a short period of time sjient in St.
Louis. He now resides in Glasgow, and is still dc\oted lo his
profession, in which he has achieved much prominence and
success. Among the pioneer attorneys, were James A. De Conrcy
and Thomas Shackelford. The former came in 1842, and edited a
newspaper called the I'ilot. Mr. Shackelford came in 1840, fniui
Saline courdy, Missouri, where he was born, but did not begin the
practice of law until a few years later. He has constantly resided in
the town and has been one of its most prominent and successful
citizens.
Emerson & Thornton (after the latter the old town of Thornton.---
burg was called) established the first ferry here. Samuel Steinmetz.
was the original shoemaker of the place, and attended faithfully to the
soles of his patrons for many years. Jesse Arnott ran the first livery-
stable, Christian Matthews the first butcher shop, and Dr. Thomas
M. Coekerill opened the first drug store. Oliver S. Coleman was the
first tailor to exercise his trade in town. Under him worked Jos. G.
Williams, who has continued to live in Glasgow since 1837. The first
hotel-keeper, was Thomas McCoy, who was also a tailor His house wa-
208 1II5TOKY oi' IlO^^AI;D axd cii arivox counties.
locfited on Comiriorcc, betwrou Si^conil aii'l 'J'binl streets, north f^ide,
and is now stiinding. AValfer G. Childs was tlio first man who met
his deatii b}" vicdence. lie was a Virginian, and was also the- pru-
prielor ofa liotel. Soon after he ojjened liis house, one oftlie eitizens
of tlie town lia^ipened to l>e intoxicated, and while in front of the liotel
bjcainc quite noisy. Ciiilds politely requested him to go away. The
man immediately left, but returned again, soon after procuring a large
knife, and stepped up to Childs, who was standing near the door of
his house, and without uttering u word of warning plunged it into his
breast, killing him. The murderer started in the direction of the river,
pursued by a few outraged citizens who had seen the bloody deed, and
leaped into the water. The parties began to pelt him with rocks,
sticks and other tlnngs that they could get hold of, until he was finally
struck on the head with a chair hurled at hiui from the bank. After
this he sank and was seen no more. Louis Robion opened t lie tii-st
saloon. John F. Xicliols started the first tobacco manufacturing
esta.bli^linieut.
Glasgou- possessed at an earl\' date ( 1837 ) \'crv good mail facilities
for a remote and distant town from St. Louis. A tri-weckly stage
was put on the route lietween the town and St. Louis. The stage
was hirge enough to carr}' nine persons, and the fare was $10 to St.
Louis.
"W. F. Dunnica, now ari old and respected resident of Glasgow, got
aboard of the stage soon after tlic line had been established, bound
for St. Louis, but after going rdiout twenty miles the stage broke
down. He, with others, " footed '" it to Columbia, went to the river,
l)onght a skiff, and continued their journey to St. Louis, where tliev
arrived in good time.
FIRST CHURCHKS AND MINISTERS.
The first religious denomination to bear aloft the banner of peace
in Glasgow was tlie ]\Iethodist. Rev. Thouia- Patton and Rev. Ben-
jamin. Johnson, the circuit riders for this district, held services here
prior to 1840, and met at the houses of some of the citizens. Mr.
Patton is dead, and Mr. Johnson went to California. Rev. Charles
D. Simps(ui, Old School Presbyterian, held religious jerviccs soen
after. He was, as stated elsewhere, among the early school teachers.
He died in St. Louis.' The first church edifice was erected liy the
Methodists, on Fourth and Ciunmerce streets (lot 1, block 27). frame
building, and is still staudini: and used as a boardiug-hou-^e. The
Old School Presbvterians built the next church in 1S13.
IIISTOI.'Y or IIOWAIU'' AND CHAKITOX COU.NTIKS.
TOWN INCORPOUATED.
The first government of tho town w;i3 derived from the' county
court, ibe immediate governinir <ir corrective power l)eing in the liun.d.s
of IX constable and iusticc of the peace. On the 27tli of February,
1845, the legislature passed "An act incorporating the city of Gla#-
o-ow," wliich act establislied the city limits, provided for the election
of officers, and defined their powers and duties.
In 1853, an amendatory act was parsed, extending the corpori\te
limits as l'oliow,s : •' Beirinning at the main channel of the Missouri
river, opposite Gregg's creek ; proceeding thence up said creek one
mile ; thence due north to 15ear creek ; thence down Bear creek to
the main channel of the ^lissouri river; thence down said chanricl of
the Missouri river to the place of beginning."
The city government was organized by the election of H. W. Sniirh
as mayor, and R. P. Hanenkamp, Jacob Zimmerman, Dr. I. P.
Vaughan, James S. Thomson, George B. Dameron, E. Billingsiey,
and Jesse Arnott, council. James S. Thomson was chosen president
of the board, and Rev. C. D. Simpson, secretary.
The present officers of the city government are : A. B. Southworth,
mayor ; N. B. Weaver, C. H. Lewis, James Fitzpatrlck, H. Stackland,
John W. Baker and Simeon Openhimer, councilmen. R. H. Nanson,
marshal; H. C. Grove, clerk; M. Leahman, treasurer; and J. J.
Hawkins, city attorney.
GKOWTII AND BUSINESS.
The town continued to grow in business and importance until the
Korth Missouri railroad was constructed, twenty-seven miles north,
thereby cutting off much of the trade, which had come from that direc-
tion to Glasgow, for many years.
The next blow wa- the building and completion of the west branch
of the Wabash, which also took away much of the bu-iness of the
town. For many years Glasgow was the shipping point for a great
section of country, and was also a market to the farmers, who ■.old to
the merchauts their tobacco, pork, apples, etc. After building the
railroads above named, the produce and surplus of the farmers along
the lines of these roads foiuid a better market, as they thought, m
Chicago and St. Louis, and, consequently, withdrew their l)U.-inCiS
from Glasirow.
51*1 uisToar OF howa};i> aM' ciiai;iton couNfiKs.
Siiire the coming of the Chicago aiul Alton niilroiid to the town,
Ghisgow has Inavcly maintained its own, and has a population ot
rdifjut 1,800 .^ouls. Tlie schools (Lewis college and Pritchett school in-
stitute) are located hex'efa full history of wliich is given in this chap-
ter), and add mucli to the business as well as to the educational and
literary interests of the place.
The following will show something of the business and intprove-
ments of the town from 1849 to 1857 : —
Tiio improvements made in the town in 18 1?, were as follows :
The Glasgow female seminary and Odd Fellows' hall, at a cost of
$3,(^00. A large brick hotel erected iiy Turner arid Earickson, a.t a cost
of $7,000, on the corner of Howard and Water streets. Captain
.lohn F.Nichols erected a two-story lirick warehouse. John Iltirrison
commenced the erection of a large brick flouring mill.
The amount of V)usiness for tiiat year was as follows : —
Tobacco, bogheads shipped,;'!, 230. Green apples, barrels, 4,471.
Hemp, bales, 3,577. Dry apples, bushels, 4,089.
Bi'.con, c.isks, 118. Wheat, bushels. 21,t570.
Bale, rope, coils. 1,250. Dry hides, 953.
I>ard, barrels, 259. Pork, barrels, 450.
Lard, kegs, 320.
STEAMBOATS.
The following will show the superior facilities for river trauspor-
tion in 1S50, over the present time: —
Port of Glasgow — Came up.
Sacramento, Ajiril 19. Gen. Lane, Ajjril 22.
St. Paul, April 19. Minnesota, April 22.
Lightfoot. April 21. El Paso, April 22.
Monroe, April 21. . Pocahontas, April 23.
J. L. McLean, April 21. Tuscumbia, April 25.
Went down.
Mary Blane. April 18. Alton, April 22.
Haydee, April 20. Cambria, April 22.
Jas. Millinger, April 20. Robert Campbell, April 22.
Hungarian, April 20. Gen. Lane, April 23.
St. Ange, April 21. Ne Plus Ultra, April 23.
Princeton, April 21.
HIS^TOr.Y or HOWAUD AND ClfAUlTOX COlNTrKS. 211
The [loiHilation of Glasgow in Noveiubcr, 1852, was 800 ;inc'uul-
ing North Glasgow, 1,000.
Population in 185G, Glasgow, 907.
Population in 185l>, Fayette, 70ij.
Popiilalion in 18')l.'), XfW Franklin, 221 .
Popnlation in 1850, Iloanoke, 128.
The Central Missouri Insurance Coni])an3' of Glasgow wiis incor-
porated in 1857.
BANKS AND T.ANKKRS.
The tirst banking house was a private institution, operated by
Weston F. Birch & Son, from 185-1 to 1859. During the latter
year, the Western bank of Missouri was organized ; its priricipal
stockholders were Win. D. Swinney, Weston F. Birch, James T.
Birch, Thom.as E. Birch and George W. Ward.
The second iiank v.as the Exchange bank, which was establi^licd
in 1857, with W. C. Boon, Dabney C. Garth, Talton Turner, Pichard
Earicksou, Benj. W. Lewis and others as stockholders.
Thomson & Dunnica succeeded the Exchange bank in 1863.
Birch, Earickson & Co. started a bank in 1865. Glasgow Savings
bankwa> established in 1871 ; capital $75,000. Directors : G. W. More-
head, Thos. Shackelford, J. H. Turner, Jr., J. \V. Southw.orth, Sydney
Shackelford, Geo. B. Harrison, Thos. E. Birch. Thos. Shackelford,
president; Thoinss E. Biich, cashier; George 15. Harrison, assistant
cashier.
Howard couut\' bank succeeded Thomson & Dunnica in 1877.
Capital, $35,000. J. S. Thomson, president; Joseph Stettuiund,
vice-president; J. P. Cunningham, ca^-hier ; A. W. flutehinson, book-
keeper ; J. H. Wayhind, secretary. Board of directors: J. S.
Thomson, J. P. Cunningham, J. H. Wayland, R. W. Swinney, Joseph
Stettmrnd. Monte Ijehinan.
RAILROAD BRIDGE, TKLEGRAPH AND TF.LF.rnONE.
Glasgow is the terminal point of the great Wabash system of
railroads. The Chicago and Alton railroad crosses the river at this
point, the company building a bridge in 1878, which cost about
$500,000.
The Western Union and Mutual Union telegraph companies, are
represented. The town will l)e supplied with telephonic facilities
soon, connecting the principal business houses, the hotels :'>nd springs.
212 mSTOKY OF HC.VAKU AND CHAHITON COUNTIES.
ADDRESS OF W. I'OPE TEAMAN, D. D.
Wlien the railro;uI bridire at Glasgovv was completed, about 7,000
persons mot in u giovc !)clo\v llio town, to celebrate tlie event in an
iippiopiiaie manner, by »peech-niakinp, a dinner, and ireneral rejoic-
ing. Tlie cliiet" leature ot' tliat occasion, was the clorpiciit and happy
address of Dr. Yeani.ui, whicli we hero give in full : —
Ladies, Oentlenien — Fellow-cilizt'as: To ine has been assigned
the pleasant duty ot giving you a welcome to this interesting occa-
sion. In belialf of those to wlioni we and the wide workl are in-
debted for this m:iguiticent enterprise, the complelion of which we
celebrate to-da}-, I welcome all. In behalf of the citizens of the old
and cultured town of Glasgow, I welcome you. To the smiling hills,
generous tields, bowing forests and hospitable homes of Howard
county, you who are visitors are tin ice welcome.
I have said we v.olcomeyou to this inlerestiug occasion. Tliis is
truly an occasion of rare interi'st. "\\\- have not met as partis;ins to
relebvnte the tempm-ary triumph of a part of tlie people over another
part ; not to do homage to tlie valor and success of some standard
bearei' ; not to vv-rcath with laurels the brow of some personal favor-
ite ; nor for any purpose other than one in which all persons of all
sections and all parties may and do have a real and practical interest.
A great achievement in science and ;irt has been made, and a won-
derful advance step in higher civilization has been taken.
The ever v,-estward cf)urse of empire, iu its irresistible onwardne.ss,
has chosen our central state of the Union, our own longest river of the
continent, and our own classic town of Glasgow, as the theatre for the
enactment of the greatest performance c.f the greatest science of a.
progressive age. I do not exaggerate. 1 do not use strong terms
simply because they are most convenient for speech-making. I
mean what I say. A great steel briilge, spanning a great river for
railroad crossing, is an achievement in the science of civil engineer-
ing and the art of construction, that marks the progress of thouglit
and leiirning, and surely indicates that steadv development of mind
and wise utilization of matter, upon which is dependent the victories
for which man is so eminently suited by his God-like endowments.
The adaptation of the tangible results of mind-work to the promotion
of man to the higher jjhascs and planes of progressive life, is an
essential fictor in the forces of true improvement.
The means and facilities for sate and rajiid traii-<it of persons and
commercial commodities, are hiirh in rank with those conditions of
life which we seek to sum up and e.xpress in a single word — civiliza-
tion. Prominent among these means and facilities is the structure
familiarly known as a bridge. Next in the march of prcjgress, after
the improveti road, c-imc the bridge. The necessity for this structure
must have been felt at a very early [leriod in the history of civilized
HISTORY OF HOWAUO AND CHAKITOX COINTIES. 2].]
■■latioiis, but it was not until ;i oompaiatively late one that the art of
bridge building can be said to have assumed any veiy delinite eharac-
tei'. From Greek historians we learn of bridges built by ."^euiiraiiius,
Darius, Xerxes, Fyrrhus and others. But it would appear that the
stj'le of these structures was rude and unscientitie. It consisted sim-
ply in the erection of piers, upon the io})s of which were laid hori-
zontal beams of timber or large flat stones. During the monarchy
■and the early da\s of tlic republic of Eonie, bridge building remained
in this primitive condition : yet the :;rch wa> essentially a Roman in-
vention, and it was not until after their civilization had distinctly
developed itself that the art of bridge building could be said to have
existence on anything like a scientific basis. It is not improbable that
the tirst stone bridge of large span was the Pons Seiuitorius, or
Senator's bridge, built b}' Caius Flavins Scipio. From this time on,
during the days of the glory of Eome, this important physical cx-
l)ression of civilization made stead}' improvements, subject to tlie
hindrances interposed by the civil and military vicissitudes of the
republic. Some of the Eoman structures were remarkable for their
imposing effect and substantial work, and evinced a skill in engineering-
that still challenges admiration, 'rh.e prim^pal material used ia all
of the great bridges of the ancients was stone, and this was the jjrin-
ci['al material used by the scientific corps of the Fonts et Chaussees
of France, under whose skilfid engineering the beautiful bridges of
Blois, Orleans, Tours, INIohlins ami (>t!iers were designed and bifilt
in the eighteenth century.
But it was not until about the year 1775, that cast iron was used
among the ordinary building material of bridges ; this was by IMr.
Pritchard, of .Shrewsbury, Engl.-ind, in the erection of Coalljrookdale
bridge, and thus was laid the foundation of a new and valuable style of
construction. Mr. Pritehard's example was follo\ved by Thos. Wil-
son, at Sunderlaml, 1795, ami shortly aftorwariis cast iron was
largil}' a[)plied by Telford an<l his contemporaries.
It i.- to the present century tliat the world is indebted for the
highest attainments of science and art in meeting the demands created
by the wonderful progress of civilization, promoted by the application
of steam to railwa\' locomotion, for bridges that coml)ine all the
elements of safety, durability and rajjidity of construction ; and to
our own land may the world turn for the highest exhibitions of learn-
ing and skill in this department of public works.
Great bridges are not built by novices. There is no department
that require^ greater or more skilled brain work. We cease to loolv
to the fascinations of poetry, the charms of eloquence, or the wisdom
of the forum, for the exhibitions of the power of close and systematic
thought. It is to great works of the present day like that which we
celeljrate, to which we turn as the practical utilitarian monuments nt
true greatness. Poetry, eloquence, law and government, are factors
of civilization, but mit its highest forms. The discovery and practical
a[)plication of hidden forces to the real and actual demands of a
'214 HI.>TOKY OF HOWAKl) AND ClI.UnTON COUNTIES.
ceaselessly pi-oirrcssi\e litb, is a stc}) far in advance of those original
elements of improved society, yet all are necessary lo the complete
entirety.
Ifue would appreciate the soundness of this superiority oi' men-
tal achievement, let us contemplate, for a moment, some of the points
to he settled in designing a bridge. And tirst, it must be known
■ivhat is the water-way aVjsolutely required by the most unfavorable
circumstances of the particular case. This space, as to its dimensions,
will depend upon several conditions: the area of the district contri-
buting to the stream ; the rjuantity and condition of its rainfall ; the
conliguration and the geological character of the water-shed, the
drainage of which must be passed under the bridge. Again, the form
to be given to the piers and arches is not merely a matter of taste.
Here, "close calculation must be made of the extent and peculiar
direction of water pressure; also of the artificial weight. V'.-hich, under
the most urgent demand, may be brought to bear upon the structure,
and then the properties, susceptibilities, capabilities and liabilities of
the material which it is proposed to use in the construction ; these
and many other minute and equally important points must be studi-
ously and cautiously settled.
But I now come to apply my hurried thoughts to the grand struc-
ture whose prc^portions of wonder and I^eauty are before us to-day.
Beliold the first large steel bridge ever erected in the world ! To
the enterprise and public spirit of such minds as those who manage
the affairs of the Chicago and Alton railroad company, is the world
indebted for this brilliant achievement. To the learning and skill of
General Wm. Sooy Smith is the company and the public indel>ted
for the conception, suggestion, prosecution and completion of the
work.
It is true that steel has entered, more or less, into the construc-
tion of bridges for many years ; but until a very recent date it was used
only in the parts exposed to the greatest strain. But up to the time
that the Glasgow bridge was designed, no engineer had been so bold
as to plan any great bridge entirely of steel. Indeed, previous to that
time there was no steel which possessed all of the requisites of a first-
class bridge material. There was steel much stronger than any other
metal, but it was brittle at low teniperatures. The minds of engineers
throughout the world were eagerly looking out for a steel, the compo-
sitions of which united the necessary toughness at all temperature*
with extraordinary strength. Not until the scientific exqieriments of
an American and "a Western man, Mr. A.F. Hay, of Burlington, Iowa,
resulted favonrbly, was the long-sought boon found. When this steel
was produced, it was subjected to the most careful tests, and was found
to be capable of being bent double without crack or flaw when reduced
to the lowest temperature attainable by freezing chemical conil)ina-
tions. These tests and experiments were made by General Smith, who
recommended it for bridge building purposes; his suggestions were
approved and adojtted liy Mr. Blackstoue, president of the Chicago,
HISTOIiY OF nOWAUD AM" CIIARITOX COUNTIKS. -l->
Altoiiand St. Loui-s railroad company, who is hiin^cU'a civil engineer of
eminent ability, as well as an execntive otKcer of distingnished suc-
cess.
There is a little incident in the history of the bridge before us, of
which Americans may I>e justly proud. During the national centen-
nial e.\'})Osition, General Smith met the celebrated English engineer,
'Mr. Ixuiow, and, in a conversation on the subject of steel bridges,
banteringly saiil to him: " Look out, Mr. Barlow, or we will build a
great steel bridge in America liefore you will in Eluroiie." It was but
a t'ev? days ago that the general had a letter from Mr. Barlow, asking
as to the " progress on the j^roposed steel bridge at Glasgfiw." Com-
mendable was the proud gratitication that must have swelled the geu-
eral's heart in [inswcring back, " Trains are crossing it." (Here the
speaker was interrupted l)y prolonged applause.)
AVe feel kindly to\\'ard tiie government and people of her British
majesty ; yet how can we refrain from a little exultiitiou at the con-
stantly recurring evidences of America's more rapid progress? (Ap-
plause.)
The two or three very small and comi)aratively unimportant steel
bridges that hav ebeen built in Europe, still leave the Glasgow bridge
the only great structure of the kind in the world.
Siiice the designing of this bridge, a small steel bridge, built at
the suggestion of (general Smith, has !)een completed in Chicago.
But, my hearers, let us go down from the superstructure, let us
leave these thousands of tons of steel, these marvellous adjustments and
curious Combinations of force, and we will look at the basal structure.
Those piers excite our admiration as we behold the lieauty of their
symmetry, and wonder at the gracefulness of their forms, as they
stand u[i!iolding the elegant superstructure, with its 'passing 1)urdens
of wealth and thousands of living souls, in seeming consciousness of
their great mission.
Those graceful columns see safelv across the great river uncounted
millions of the treasures from the hands of industry, and the hopes ■
and the fears, the joys and griefs, the ambitions and disappointments
of many thousands of our fellow-mortals. Long after the youngest
person in this vast concourse of souls has stepped from the stage of
life's varied drama, will those piers bear up dud see safely over our
unborn descendants. As sentinels, too, they stand reminding us that
the works of nuiu endure more than the workman, and silently say to
us, lay broad and secure your foundations.
Well, we must go under the water. Those piers rest not upon
the sandy, muddy bed of the river. Down througli the sand and mud
and debris to the bed-rock, men went excavating and taking up the
bed of the river here and there, that each pier might have a safe foot-
hold upon the foundations of the earth. The process known as the
" pneumatic," of securing subaquatic foundations, is an invention of
an English pliysiciau. Dr. Potts, made more than a quarter of aceutury
ago, and introduced into this country by Chas. Poutz, about the year
1857, for bridging the great Pedee and the Santee rivers.
211) iiistoi;y or iiowAUu and chakitox countik.s.
The womli.T ot' thi>i specie!^ of engineering is the pucumatk-
caisson, by which foimdutions ;iie built above the surface of the water
and let down to the bed-rock tluit supports the bed of the river. The
lirst of these seiontitic wonders was desiiined by General Sniiti),
the engineer of the structure before us. This lie proposed to sink for
the foundation of a light-house on Frying-pan shoals, Ijut the war in-
terrupted and the work was nut aceomijlished. After the war was
ended and the people had returned to the a.rts of peace, the general
designed and sunk the first pneumatic caisson ever built. This was
used for putting in a sea-wall piroiection for the Waugoshance liglit-
liouse in the straits of Mackiiiac. It surrounded the entire light-
house, which stands two and a half miles from shore, and is regarded
as one of the lioldest and most successful feats in American engineer-
ing. (Applau-;e.)
Quickly following this alm(^^t marvelous achie\'enicnt, were the
foumJations of the Xcw York and Brooklyn suspension bridge, and
of the great railroad and conimonway Itridge of St. Louis. ^Nlean-
while, substructures of the Omaha, Leavenworth and Boonville
bridges were put in, under the supervision of the same ma>ter, by
the same jjrocess. ilany other imjiurlant bridges, both in this country
and abro.ad, were constructed upun piers founded in this way. The
pneumatic process has undergone much im[novemerit and develop-
ment since its invention by Dr. Potts, and most of the appliances
used in putting in the fouudations of our bridge, are the invention^ of
the engineer who built it.
But no^\• we must come up out of the water. The work is com-
plete before us. A thing of beauty is a joy forever. Beauty is here
combined with strength, durability and utility. Such combinations
awaken admiration and iusi)ire confidence.
Tiie metal of \vhich our bridge is composed, has dout>le the
strength of the xcvy best wrought iron ; it stretches as much before
breaking, expands and contracts less with change of tempei'ature,
corrodes less rapidly, does not weaken under heavy strains, and is far
more uniform in 4ualitv.
All the parts of tliat magnificent structure subject to tension
have been tested fifty per cent beyond the heaviest load they will
ever have to bear, and it is estimated that the margin of its safety is
iifty per cent greater than in the iron bridge^ of its class in this
country.
We thank Gen. Smith ; we thank Mr. Blackstone ; we thank tlie
Chicago, Alton and St. Louis railroad company, for this contribution
to the future development of a great state. The western division of the
Chicago and Alton railroad is the best built aud best equipped railroad
in this mighty v/est. It runs through the heart of the best State of
the union. The counties of Pike, Audrain, Boone, Howard, Saline,
Lafayette and Jackson, combine all the resources of wealth of which
any country can boast, aud they are pieopled by men and women who,
for true ]iatriotistn, noble generosity and genuine hospitality, are not
surpassed by the noblest of the nolile.
HISTOKV OF HOWAKI) AND CIlAiaTON COU.NTIKS. L'l t
It i« an honor to any corporation to own and uso property in siirli
•a coiintvy and among >ncli a people. We welcome the corporation
iind we wi^ih it success. And General Smith, whose sojourn in Glas-
gow lias Iteen a pleasure to our people, will at all times receive that
hearty welcome merited liy genius, culture and enterprise.
Fellow-citizens : As the two great geograi)liica] divisions of our
state are ;it many points united by .strong and heautil'ul spans on
great arclies, so ma\- the two great sections of the union, linked liy
steel and iron bars, and rails and wires, be more lij-nd}- bound by the
strong chords of fraternal spirit, national love and a proper regard
for national honor! (Applause.)
We must bridge a great chasm v.-ith a great moral and social
structure. The substructure must be laid deep in the hearts of the
people on both sides ; the piers must be built of patriotism and con-
nected by arches of wisdom, and these must support a track for the
car of a common humanity. Such a bridge cannot be built b\- de-
magogues— no seekers after pviblie plunder need apply. AVe want
engineers skilled in the alfairs of state. "We must have workmen
inspired by the noble enthusiasm of true national love and pride. We
want and must have a common country bound together by the chords
of common interest and fraternity, and he who seeks to rekindle the
flames of sectional animosit}^ must be anathematized as a nuscreaut
and traitor, and be to the people as a heathen and a publican.
Such a bridge must and will be built, of which we take the one
before us as a physical expression ; and he who seeks to combine a
solid section of the union against a solid section, will nieet his
merited dooni at the verdict of an intelligent citizenship, eve;- de-
manding unity of spirit in organic union.
( With t'lis conclusion of the address, the speaker retired, follow-
ed by immense applause.)
SALT, SULPHUR, AND IRON SPRIXGS.
These springs wliicli are located near the city, were disru\cred
more tlian Iralf a century ago, and arc now highly spoken of, on
account of their medicinal virtues. As early as 1842, they were rec-
ommended by a lunnber of the best and most prominent citizens of
the town, but until recently (1882), no special efl'ort has been made
to bring them into notice. Bath-houses will be erected at the difl'erent
springs by their proprietors, which will be equipped with all modern
and scientitic appliances, and everything will be done for the comfort
and convenience of the sick and atllicted, who may patronize them.
Below will be found a partial analysis of the springs prepared by
Prof. T. Berry Smith, of Pritchett institute, Glasgow, in JIarch,
1883:—
To the JEOi/or of the Cy'iasr/ow Journal:
Last fall I made a partial analj'sis of some of the mineral waters
218
HISTORY OF HOWAKU AND ClIAIUTON COL'NTIKS.
around Gl;isi;(.\\-. I I'.avc iu> l)aliincc> tlolicate enough to atteni]it to
find per cents liy Avoiii'ht of ingredients, and can only judge ajiproxi-
mately of quantities present \>y comparison of the precipitates. I
make out :i rudelv coui]")arative table : —
Iron 0-riIc. , J^tisoiti Salts.
KeotnrEarton's
J. r. Lewis'....
Marr'sMill
Red Bridge. ...
Lnrtro.
Si.kIII.
Jleilu.m
Sutph. Gas. Fiov p^r Daif
Vti-y smnll. ; None.
Veryhu'ge. ; Aliundant.
0(>j g.illon.e.
jln) gallons.
Abundant. 750 gallons
It will l)c observed that the spring near Mr. Barton's is a clialy-
beate spring, containing large quantities of iron and lime. All of the
others abound in salt and free sulphuretted hydrogen gas, with medium
quantities of iron, sulphate of magnesia and sulphate and carbonate
of lime. The approximate flow per day of twenty-four hours is also
given. I could not give this in reference to Marr's well spring as it is
an artesian well bst feet deep. It contains more iron than either J.
F. Lewis' or the Eed Bridge springs. The gas escapes and iron set-
tles when the water is kept in bottles and exposed to the air. there-
fore to get these to best advantage, the water must be used at the
?pr:ngs. T hope some time to be able tt) make more accurate anal}-ses.
PALMKR HOUSE.
One of the largest, most costly and elegantly furnished hotels in
Missouri, outside of the three largest cities of the State, is the Palmer
house, at Glasgow.
On .Tune 1, 1881, a joint stock company was formed, the shares
being limited to $100 each, and taken up by forty-lour original stock-
holders, composed of J. P. Cunningham, .J. J. Hawkins, Caples &
Hawkins, John F. Lewis, J. M. Swinney, Strouse & Co., Dr. .1. AV.
Hawking, N. B. Weaver, R. B. Caples.'joseph C. Drake, Pv. S. Mc-
Campbell, C. H. Soiithworth, T. ^V. Morehead, Wm. A. Meyers,
George B. Harrison, Jos. Steadman, Thos. Shackelford, Ycaman &
Bowen, John H. Turner, John Walcker, Jas. C. Collins, E. Poirier,
T. M. Morgan, Philip Wahl, Major J. W. Lewis, Logan D. Dameron,
Lehman & Miller, Jos. Steadman Jr., George Steinmetz,H. W. Cock-
erill, J. ^y. Heryford, F. ^Y. Heryford, C. Dautel, Joseph F. Hender-
son, H. G. Gleyre, E. Poirier, J. F. Henderson, James S. Thom]ison.
H. Clay Cockerill, Litman & Baer, Dr. James W. Southworth, Wm.
Wengler & Sons., Geiger & Winand, Thos. Biggs, and Henry S.
Pritchett. The board of directors were Thomas Shackelford, J. S.
Thompson, Major J. W. Lewis, John H. Turner, J. W. Heryford :
HISTOKV OF IIONVAIID AND CHAKITOX fOrXTIES. 2r,>
(.fficei-ed :is follows: Thomas SliackcUVu'd, iirL-.>'nlenl ; J. S. Thoini^sou,
vice-president and secretary ; J. AV. Hervt'ord. treasurer and superin-
tendent. Work wasconmionoed without delay, and the building was
tiiiished during the latter part of the year 1SS2.
THE BCILDIXG
fronts west on Main street, overlooking- the Missouri ri\'er and a
beautiful stretch of country on the Saline county shore, is built of
brick, the main iiortion being four stories high, with hand-onie veran-
das from second and third stories. The dimensions of the uuiin
building proper, are 54 X 135 feet, with an " L," 45 X 4G ; the main
entrance being in the centre on Main street, with the ladies' entrance
on the uorth and one oa the south leading to the huVies' ordinary.
FIRST FLOOK.
Eunning the entire length of the centre of the building is a passage-
way eleven feet wide, with fifteen feet ceiling; in this are located all the
^\■.1tcr and ga.; pipes propor; it is also a means of ventilation. Front-
ing on Main street, are six business rooms. To the rear of this hall
and under the " I.,," is a roomy basement, where are located the Cole-
man gn.s generator, the electric batteries, laundries, etc.
SECOND FLOOR
is reached by tlirec different avenues ; north and south entrances, and by
the main stairway in front fifteen feet wide. This stairway leads to the
uiaiu hallway, running the entire length of the building, and is eleven
feet wide and twelve feet in the clear. To the right of the entrance is
located the office, which is supplied with an electric annunciator as well
as speaking tubes. The otiice is 22 X 22 feet in dimensions. To the
left of the entrance is a large reading-room, a ladies' parlor , and a
ladies' reception room. To the east across the hall are rooms e?i.s((i7e.
To the south of this is the dining-hall 24 X 45 feet, with two eii-
tr inces. The ladies ordinary has a soutliern exposure", and also south
entrances, size 15 x 35 feet. To the west and between the ordinary
and main hallway are the sample-rooms.
THIIiB FLOOR.
A large hall runs the entire length of the building ; tlie uorth
wing of the third story is set apart for the ladies and family u?e. In
'220 ursroKV or ikiwakd and cjiaiuton couNXfF.s.
the centre of main htiildiiig is a Invire ciiurt wnv to a \x.'i:mila in tlie
front. Acro.-:.s the liall i? a " (.Iruininer'.s room," which is larire, ■witli
a'ite-roo?n-. The soutli winy in tliird story is talcen up witii single
rooms.
FOUKTII FLOOi:
is used exclusively for sleeping apartments. The house is C(pii|)peil
with liath-rooms, hot and coh! water, and the entire building is one
which would be creditable to a much larger town or city.
I'ALMKK IIOU.se OPK.XI.VG.
One of the most important events that ever occurred in the his-
tory of the town was the o[iening of the I'rdmer house lo the puVilic,
which took place on the 9[h day of ]\Iarch, 18S3. The Glasgow
Journal, of March 16, 1883, said: —
As was anticipated, there was a large attendance at tlie oiieniug of
the I'alnier hou«e on Friday evening, some six hundred guests assem-
bling in its spacious rooms, a large nunilier of whom came froni neigh-
boring tMties. The morning train on the Chicago and Alton railroad
from the west brought in ;i number of guests, and still more came in on
the night train. The evening trains on both roads were literallv
crowded.
The guests began assembling in the parlors soon after eight, and
continued to pour in ra]ndly until eleven o'clock. Dancing began
about nine, in the large dining-room which was reserved for the jnir-
pose, and continued until nearly daylight. The music was furnished
1)V the Coates" opera house band of Kansas City. The ball-room
jn'oved of ample dimensions, ten and twelve sets occupying the floor
at a time, and the dancers passed away the hours merrily.
The sup[)er, prepared and served under the skilful direction of
Mrs. Wilhite, was all that could be desired, and reflected credit upon
the lady. As the large dining-room had been transformed for the time
into a ball-room, it was necessary to use a smaller room, which would
accommod>;te but sixty or soventv" persons at a time. Some ten or a
dozen tai)les were spread in all, but with care and skill, the changes
were effected rapidly and without confusion.
On every side we heard praises from the guests from afiroad, ar.d
surjirise at the size and elegance of the building. We may safely
claim that no one was disappointed, and the expectations of the
majorit}' were greatly surpassed.
iluch of the pleasure of the evening is to be attriljuted to the
efficient work of the various committees, and especially to the ladies
who were appointed to assist the reception committee. There wa- a
sufficient number to see that none of the numerous guests were neg-
lecte<], ani-l none shirked their duty.
IIISTOUY OF HOWAUL) AND CHAKIION COU.NXIE.S. L'l'I
Altogether, ^ve have never seen an ciitcrlainnient of its size pass
otT as pleasantly as did tlie opening Friday niglit. Our citizens endea-
vored to inalie it as enjoyable as possible, and our guests seemed to
apj)reciate their etlorts.
It was iiiipossil)le, of course, to obtain the names of half wlio
weje present, but aruoni: li'uests from neighboring towns we noticed S.
C. Boyd, F. P. Selaec,'" A. J. Trigg, Leslie Orear, J. C. Patterson,
editt)r of the Progress, Adolph Striiver, R. V. Montague, D. Monta-
gue, J. P. Strother and lady, S. Bachrach, II. Lowonstein, M. Hage-
doru. Misses Drusiila Hutchison, Cora Hutchison, Lizzie Kino;, Kussie
Boyd, and ^kland Striker, Marshall: F. H. Gilliam and lady, W. T.
Swinney and lady, G. B. Porter and ladj*. Miss Katie Swinney, and
Samuel Daniels, Gilliam ; A. E. Rector and ladv, C. AVhit "Williams,
editor of the Index, Dr. T. B. Carter, and Jonas Stern, Stater: A.
J. Rodman, Wm. Walker, D. M. Willis, Chas. Harris, Ledru Silvey,
]\Iisses Pattio AVoodson, Hattie Salisbury, Laura Earickson, and Josie
Wilson, Salisbury ; N. B. Parks and lady, J. D. Butler and lady, A.
C. Vandiver, editor of the Conner, and Dr. C. T. Holland, Kevtes-
ville ; Judge J. B. Hyde and lady, and Dr. T. E. :\Iartin, Daltiui :"Miss
Emma Heryford, A. J. Pay ton, and L. Sv.earinger, Forrest Green; I.
X. Houck, editoi' ol'tho Fayette TiidtpeniJeuf.'W . A. Dudii'con and ladv,
S. B. Tolson, R. C.Clark and S. C. Major, Fayette ; Mi^s. l'. R. Way-
land and daughter, Col. J. R. Richardson, and D. J. Briggs, Roanoke ;
E. R. Lewis and lady. E. E. Samuels, E. Taylor, Huntsville ; Wm. Me-
Murray, and Henry Runkles, Mexico ; Mrs. J. A. Race and daughter,
Moberly ; Chas. Dewey and sister, Kansas City ; C. A. Ilonakci- and
lady, Leadvillc : J. R. Hawpe and lady, Shackelford ; Frank Massie,
Kentucky ; ]\Iisses L. and M. "Walker, Pleasant Green, Cooper
county.
.SECRET SOCIETIES.
Glasgow has .1 number of secret orders. The Odd Fellows (the
oldest), the Masonic, A. O. U. W., K. of H., K. of P., the German
and Irish Benevolent Societies, and a lodge of Good Templars.
Morning Star Lodge No. 15, 1. O. O. F., organized in 1846.
Charter members — Samuel Steinmetz, Thomas Davis, Ashley, Phil-
lip Foust, H. House. The charter was surrendered about the year
1872, and the lodge reorganized thereafter in 187-.
Present officers — Lewis Littmann, N. G. ; George Binks, V. G. ;
W. A. Smith, secretary ; A. C. Gillies, treasurer ; A. B. Southworth,
I). G. M.
Livingston Ivodge No. 51, A. F. and A. M., organized October 12,
1876. Charter members — Chas. H. Lewis, G. W. Morehead, John
H. Turner, Jr., and others whose names could not be obtained.
Plrst officers — J. W. Norris, W. M. ; John Seihe, S. D. ; T. W.
Morehead, S. W. ; Wm. Turner, J. D. ; T. W. :Morgan, J. W. : J.
16
tl'2, HISTORY OF II0WA!;D AXD CHAKITOX COUXTIES.
J. II;;\vkii)5, S. S. : C. F. Mason, troasiirer ; W. T. Mauiiin, J. S. ;
J. C. Cnni)inp;liain, secretary; Jacob Essig, t}'lcr ; J. O. Swinncy,
chaplain.
Present officers — J. II. Turner, W. M. ; John E. Tritchett, S. D. ;
Daniel Langfchl, S. W. ; Jolm Scibe, J. D. : J. II. Turner, Jr., J.
W. ; James O. Swinney, clnqJain ; Tiios. G. Digges, treasurer : R.
R. Turner, tyler ; J. II. Wayland, sccrctar}*.
Knights of Pythias — charter granted Ivauhoe Lodge Xn. 31
January 2(>, 1^74. Charter members — I. and Chiy Cockerill, Monte
Lehman, C. "W. Vaughan, James R. Donolioe, A. B. Southworth,
James W. Eastin, John Chaml)erhun, A. C. Feazel, P. R. Sears,
Frank Poricr, W. W. Cockerill, George D. Eastin, Chirence South-
worth, P. Baier, Jr., R. F. Ramord, E. Anderson, Wm. Leliman, E.
L. Steinmetz, James O. Finks, I. and G. Gleyre, C. T. Ilolhuid, J.
B. Lewis.
Present officers — A. C. Gillies, P. C. ; A. Littmnn, C.C.: C.
G. Miller, V. C. : L. Littman, P. ; J. S. Henderson, K. R. and S. ;
M. Ivchman, M. of F. ; E. A. Wcnglcr, M. of Ex. ; Abe Strouse,
M. of A. ; L. Bowler, I. G. : Jos. R. Stettmund, O. G.
Meet every Thursday. Endo\vment rank meet once per month.
Forty-nine memliers .
Knights of Honor — Golden Lodge 205L Charter members —
T. E. Birch, Jr., John 11. Bowen, John W. Cox, James C. Collins,
H. C. Grove, A. W. Hutcliison, John AV. Hawkins, O. :\[. Harrison,
J. C. Hall, A. R. Johnson, G. F. Kuemmel, J. C. Marr, T. A. Mere-
dith, Geoi-ge I'hipps, J. M. Swinney, A. Steckling, W. N. AA'ickes,
S. j\I. Yeaman. W. Pope Yeanian, D. L. Stevenson.
Officer^ — H. C. Grove, dictator ; A. R. Johnson, vice-dictator ;
T. E. Birch, Jr., re|)orter ; A. W. Hutchison, financial reporter;
George l^hipjis, treasurer.
A.O.U.W. — Glasgow Lodge No. 112 ; charter members — Louis
M. Rail, Larkin Garnett, Max Keller, "W'm. A. Smith, 11. G Gleyre,
Theo.E. Osborne, B. C. Wciler, Thos. H. Wilson, Geo. W. Penn, Jas.
C. Hall, J. W. Wright, M. B. Collins, J. S. Henderson, R. B. McUhany,
D. L. Stevenson, R. T. Bond, W. II. Tatum, G. F. Keummel, Monte
Lelinum, T. Berry Smith.
Officers — Dr. M. B. Collins. P. M. W. ; Geo. F. Keummel, M. W. ;
Geo. W. Jones, Foreman ; Thos. E. Biruh, Jr., O. ; Jos. S. Henderson,
recorder; Gu-tav Rail, Rec. ; Wm. Lutz, Fin. ; ]M. Lehman, guide;
S. H. Trowbridge, I. W. ; J. C. Collins, O. W.
HIST'^RV OF nOWAEU AXD CHARITOX COUNTIES. 22.
EARLY SCHOOLS.
One among the first schools kept in the town of Glasgow, was
opened by Rev. Charles D. Simpson, anOId-Scliool Presbyterian min-
ister. This was between the years 1840 and 1843. The most impor-
tant school up to 1850, was known as the Glasgow female seminary.
The building — a large, handsome brick which cost $3,600 — is still
standing on the }):-ow of the hill. It was erected in 1848-49, with Odd
Fellows hall in the second story. The first principal of the school
was Rev. A. B. Frazior, who was succeeded by Revs. George S. Savage.
and French Strothcr, and others. Tlie building is now unoccupied.
The boarding-house connected witli the seminary is a large brick
building. It was erected in IS.ii, and cost $3,iJ00.
PRITCIIETT SCHOOL INSTITUTE.
The collegiate school, known as Pritchett school institute, owes
its origin solely to the enterprise and benevolence of Rev. James O.
Swinney. The year 1865, follo\ving on the clo-^e of the great civil
war, found the country sadly in want of the means of academic and
collegiate education. It was to aid in meeting this want thai this
school was inaugurated. It was begun in the autumn of 1866, and for
several years was conducted in the building known as the Glasgow
female seminary and Odd Fellows' hall. This building and the ati-
jacent grounds and buildings were secured for it by the intluence and
at the sole cost of Mr. Swinncy. The original plan and aims of the
school will be best learned from its tirst pul)lished circular — a liberal
extract from v.hieli is the subjoined : —
This new school for youth of both sexes, begins its first session ]\Ion-
day, September 17, 1866. For nearly bv-enty years the principal has
been an earnest laborer in the cause of education in central .Missouri.
Reiving on his extensive acquaintance, he submits to the appreciative
communities of the State some of the claims of his school to their
confidence and patronage :
1 . Its j)frmanencij . — To make it permanent and to begin a found-
ation for present and future usefulness. Rev. J. O. Swinncy has gen-
erously donated to it $20,000 in endowment and school pro[)erty.
The principal, assisted l>y instructors of thorough competency, expects
to devote to it the best energies of his remaining life. The hope is
cherished not only by himself but by his generous friends, tliat it will
be, not only an institution of l)lcssing to the present generation, but
one to increase in resources and usel"uluess for irenerations to come.
224 HISTOilY OF HOWARD AND CHAUITON COUNTIES.
2. Accommodations. — The school buihliniris amply coinmodioiis
ff)f the number of pupils to he received, is cligihly situated, and is to
be fitted and iurnishcd in superior style.
3. Scltool Plan. — It aims to combine the advantages both of the
grammar scJiool and college. The instructions comprise, (1) English
language and literature; (2) mathematics; (3) ancient classics;
(4) modern languages ; (")) natural science ; (t!) metaphysics and
moral philosophy; (7) logic, rhetoric, and political economy;
(8) instnnnental and vocal music. As soon as a charter is obtained
a detailed course of study will be published. That large class of pu-
pils who are in elective studies can receive certificates for such
branches as they complete; and the smaller number, who aspire to a
a full, collegiate course, can here receive, icJien the>/ are earned, all the
customary school honors.
4. A(]ini.ssio)i . — We neither seek a large school nor crovxltd classes ;
hence no scholar will be received who has not attained the entraiwe
grade. This will insure the students, (1) proper classification; (2)
systematic study ; (3) ample time to learn and recite.
.5. Order and i^muladon. — AVe reolion it a recomni'Midatiou
to our school that it places boys an<l girls in such relation to each other
as to afford an opportunity for the most retiued emulation, in learning
and manners.
6. Discipline. — This is to be firm but mild and uniform. We
desire no pupil who is not disposed to yield a ready obedience to the
internal and external regulations of the school. The discipline respects
these three circumstances: (1) attendance; (2) conduct; (3)
scholaiship. Diiiiy records of them are kejit. Students ivho be-.
come refractor\', or even indifferent, to their daily record are quietly
dismissed. Both for teachers and pupils our aiotto will be that of a
celebrated English school, Doce, Disce, ant Discedi ; Teach, Learn, or
Leave.
7. Special Instruction. — Young gentlemen, or ladies, who wish
to pursue special branches of higher mathematics, mechanics, or
astronomy, can find no more liberal assistance in the west than we can
afford them. We expect, as soon as practicable, to furnish our school
with the more important pieces of philosophic apparatus, and with
astronomical instruments adequate to useful observation in the i)roblcm
of spherical astronomy.
8. Location. — The school site commands one of the most exten-
sive views of water, woodland and prairie scenery, to be enjoyed in
the state. The situation of Glasgow is pre-eminenth' health}' ; and
the society for refinement, social and religious culture is unsurpassed
in Missouri.
TO PARENTS AND GUARDIANS.
Ours is a Christian, but not a denominational school. In it the
IlISTOKV OF KUWAUU AM) CHAKITOX COUNTIES. l''_'.J
IhAv Si.-riptui'Qs uie to he duily voml, ;uk1 ex(.'rclses (A' devotion coii-
(hieletl. While we cultivute the intellect \vc would diveet the spirit
to the liiiiiier lite and destiny. While training the mind we would
not tbi'Liet the heart. Wiiile we earn our daily bread ia the toil of
the teachers' vocatif'ii, we are coHL-cious of higher motives than tem-
poral advantage. V\'e desire your hearty co-operation, first, in secur-
ing the regular attendance of your children ; second, in iutlueueing
their manners and application.
For particulars aj'ply to the principal, or to I\ev. J. O. Swinney.
CakkW. PuiTCUr.TT.
Principal.
In the year 1S67, the school acquired a corporate existence under
the gener;d act of im^n-poration. By its charter, its property and
seneral management is vested in a board of trustees, consisting at
first of three, and afterwards of tive and seven persons. It is ueces-
saiy for tliem to be men of family, and residents in the vicinity of
Glasgow. By its fundamental law it is forever to be a Christian, but
not a denominational school, and to be oj.ien alike to j^outh of both
sexes. The president is the onlv ofiicial chosen directly by the
trustees. He has coniuiittcd to him the entire respon>il>ility of
selecting assistants, arrauging the course of study, selection of text-
books, administration of discipline, graduation of pupils, etc. The
president i^ strictly responsible to the trustees, and all other teachers
are responsible directly and solely to him. In t!ie lirst year of its t'xis-
tence the school had 146 pupils, and it became evident that the building
and groimds were too contracted for its wants. A fine lot of ground
on the eastern limits of Glasgow, consi>ting of seven acres, was pro-
cured, at the cost of Mr. Swinney, for $3,000. On this the present com-
modious building was erected, at a cost of about $20,000, all of which
was furnished by ]Mr. Swinney, except u donation of $5,000 from Mr.
Eichard Earickson, now deceased. Tlio building is of brick, three
stories high., and ha>. a metallic roof. It is 6b X 55 feet, and
has ample halls, a chapel, and numerous rooms for lectures, recitations,
laboratories and museum. Tv,-o hundred pupils can tind ample accom-
modation within its walls. Into this building the school was removed
in the autumn of 18ti9, and the building in town was sold to Lewis col-
lege. The si;ho(>l remained under the sole management of Mr. Pritchett
for seven years, till the close of the scholastic }ear 1872-73. The suc-
cessor of Mr. Pritchett in the presidency of the institute, was Prof.
Orea Koot, Jr., wlio held the [position tor three consecutive years,
till the close of the scholastic year 187ii-77. He was succeeded by
Rev. R. T. Bond, who held the po.-ition for the next four years —
226 uiSTOKY or iiowaud and chakiton counties.
till the close of llie scholublic yi'iir 1880-81. Kcv. Joso-ih II.
Pritchoti, was then elected president, and has now held the jio^ition
two yciirs.
Previousl}' to 187-1, in order to maintain the hifj^h standard of
instruction, I'or which, the prebidenl was solely and pecuniaril_v re-
sponsible, several iji'ntlenien of Ghisirow made liberal annual con-
tributions ; and it is the special \visli of Mr. Pritchett, to transmit to
the future, the names of dames O. Suinney, John Harrison, Thomas
E. Birch, Sr., Kiehard Earickson, Thomas Shackelford, Mrs. Lucy
A. Swinney, ]Mrs. Eletmor Lewis, li. F. Hayden, John F. Lewis, and
Geo. B. Harrison, as contributors to an annual fund, wdiich enabled
him without an endov;ment, to maintain a collegiate school.
In 1874, the institution received a great impulse by the magniti-
cent donation of $50,000, from Miss Berenice Morrison. This sum,
together ^'."ith other vested endowments, now amounts to ncaily
$60,000, the annual interest of which, iu addition to tuition, consti-
tutes the income of the institute.
The patronage and comparative success of the school has varied
in different years ; but in all this time a steady groTcth has been main-
tained; and to-day in its appointments and facilities for thorouLi'h
academic and collegiate instruction, it holds a high rank among the
colleges of ^Missouri. While it has steadily aimed to produce scliolars
rather than ^(•(7c/««/c.'i; yet more than forty young ladies, and fifteen
young men have received their diplomas here, many of whom are
now iii positions of honorable trust; and all iu positions of useful-
ness.
In addition to the original school property, the trustees have
lately purchased the i-esidence and grounds formerl}- owned by 2ilr.
Pritchett. This property, joined with the adjacent grounds and build-
ings, constitutes the whole, one of the most valuable school proj)er-
ties in central Missouri.
MOliKISON OnSrUVATORY.
In connection with the endowment of $50,000, made to Pritchett
school institute, iliss ^Morrison made an additional donation of
$50,000 to found and endow an astronomical observatory. This
fund and the acquired property, is under the control of the same
persons as trustees, who for the time are trustees of Pritchett school
institute. But the trusteeship of the observatory is a separately
acquired investiture — pertains to the same persons, but not as a part
of the original trust, but for a distinct trust and purpose.
ni>T()l:Y OF HOWAiiU AXI) CllAUlTON COUNTU:S. l>l'7
i
In 1874, Miss Morrison, then in Eurono, in lierowu name authoi-
ized and empowered Prof. C. W. Pritclictt, lo proceed at once lo
rrect and cqiiij) an astronomical observatory — subject to the direc-
tion, in certain particulars, of her legal representative, Kev. J. O.
6\\iiUiey. lii the execution ot this work, — the selection of site,
the erection of building, the selection, purchase, transporta-
tion and mounting of iiistrumonts, — Mr. Pritchett had the
generous and liearty co-opera<:ion of ^Ir. Swinney. Tlie building
was erected in 1875, on a lot of ground one and a half jniles east of
Glasgow, especially donated for tliis purpose l.)y 11. Clav Cockeriil
ani.l John F. Lewis. Its geographic position is 1 hr. 3 m. 5.i;l3 sec,
west of the dome of tlie United States naval o'lservatory, Washing-
ton, and in latitude o£i% ItV, 10.7.")", north. Tlie Iniildinu
consists first of the equatorial room and tower on the east.
It is of brick, with very massive walls, carried up from a
depth of ten feet below the surface. In the centre is the great
pier for the equatorial —twelve by twelve feet at base, twelve
feet below the surface. Thi^ Ituilding is surmounted by a hemis-
pherical dome, and metallic roof and shutters. The dome is
made to revolve bv a system of gearing and wheel-work on six spher-
ical balls of gun metal, which roll in a groove between two sets of iron
plates — the lower set firmly attached to the heavy limestone capping
of the tower, and the u[)per to the heavy sill of the dome. The
metallic shutters, in four sections, are raised and lowered by an ciid-
less chain connected with a system of pulleys. I>eneath this dome is
mounted the si)lendid equatorial, by Alvau Clark & Sous, mounted in
December, 187.5. It is twelve and one-fourth inches clear aperture
of objective and seventeen feet focal length.
Directly west of the equatorial-room and attached to it is the
room for the meridian circle, collimator and sidereal clock. All these
iustrumerls arc- mounted on heavy insulated pins of solid masonry,
extending ten feet below the surface. The meridian circle is by Wough
ton & Simms, London — six inches clear aperture of objective and
seven feet focus with twenty-four inch circles, reading to single seconds
by eight microscopes. The sidereal clock is by Frodsham, London.
West of the transit circle-room is the library and work-rotim. Here is
stored a very valuable astronomical library and various minor iustru-
meuts, — the telegraphic instruments and electric chronograph. The
chronograph is used for recording observations by electro-magnetism,
and the telegraph is chiefly used for sending out time signals from the
standard clock. The cost of building and instruments was about
$2.5,000.
22.S III.--TUKV oF IIO\VAHL> A.VD CHAIilTOX CoL'NTIKS.
The main olijcrt of llie observatory is to make exact and system-
atic oliservations of the heavenly bodies, and to reduce, record and
iuil)ii<li tlieni. For the last seven years, in desiiile of its small annual
income, it has di>n" a large amount of work, much of which is of iier-
iriai^i'Dt value. ]\I.;nv oi its obser\atioirs liave been publislied in the
scientific journal; of Europe, and a niiich larger number av.-aits publl-
catior, in a more suitable form. Part of this time, '.Mr. Pritcliett was
assisti-d Iiy his son. Prof. Henry S. Pritchctt, now ju-ofessor of mathe-
matics and astronomy in Washington uni\'erjity, St. Louis. He now
lias the assistance of his youngest son, C. W. Pritchctt, Jr.
LKWIS COLLEGE.
[Prepariid by Prof. Jas. C. Hall.]
Lewis college is located in Glasgow, Howard county, Missouri,
and liad its origin in the l)enevolence of two prominent citizens of
the place, Colone' l^cnjamin W. ]jev,i> an<l Major James W. Lewis.
These brothers, by industry and tlie skilful management of a large
manuficturing business, luid acquired considerable wealth, and de-
sired to use il fortlie benefit of their fellow-men, and especially for tiie
community in which they had spent so many luqipy and prosperous
years. Accordingly a plan was formed t'or the establishment of a
college ; liut in the fe\v years preceding the war and during its con-
tinuance, tlie times were so troublcil ami society so divided, that im-
mediate action was not considered prudent.
The M'ar devolopied new issues aud surroundings, and forced
changes upon individuals which had not been anticipated, and culmi-
nated events suddenly which thoughtful minds had seen coming, but
for which they ■were yet unprepared. The brothers were strongly in
s^'mpathy with the government in the preservation of the union and
in the principles it sought to maintain ; it seemed, therefore, titting
that they sliould put thenrselves in accord with tlieir jirinciples in their
religious as well as their political associations. They and their fa'ui-
lies had always been in fellowshii) with the Southern Methodist
church, but tinding tlicmselves out of accord with it in the new issues
develope<l by the war, they deemed it Ijest to ^cver their relations
with that denomination aud unite with the Methodist Episcopal
ciiurch, in the interests of which the Pev. D. A. McCready had then
been sent to Glasgow. Accordinglv, they and their wives, together
with Noah Swackcr and wife, joined that church and were by INIr. Mc-
Cready organized into the first Methodi-t Ejii-^copal 5o:Mcty formed in
IIISTOItV OF HOWAUU AND CHAKITOX COCNTIES.
:!S|
Ip:^
i££
^r-
^ i~ ' '■ J
^
i 'i !
I ' 'i
liife:
230 . HTSTOUY OF HOWARD AM) CHAIMTOX COLNTIEb.
Howard county since tlie iri-eat divi.sion in 1841. The innncdiate
outgrowth of tins step was the purchase of a church building on
Market street, and the establishment of a school in the basement
which was called the Lewis high school. Of this school Kev. I). A.
JlcCrcauv was aiipointed principal and acliicved encouraging success.
This was the initial step, and precipitated the plan for the proposed
college, which now took detinitc shape. The enterprise might per-
haps have been more rapidly developed and commanded more imme-
diate success had not the course of events been changed by the han.d
of Providence.
lu 186G, Colonel B. ^Y. Lewis died from the etl'ects of a carbun-
cle on the neck, but in his will he directed his executors to set apart
the sum of ten thousand dollars for the purchase and maintenance
of a library in the city of Glasgow, which should be under the con-
trol and management of a board of trustees appointed by the annual
conference of the Methodist Episcopal church in Missouri, and
should be open to the citizens of the town as a circulating library.
He also proposed to make a proportionately liberal provision for the
future college, of which this was intended to be a part, Imt died before
his plans could Vje developed. Li the ^ame year, his wiilow, !Mrs.
Eleanor T. Lewis, his son, Benjamin W. Lewis, Jr., and ^Majov James
W. Lewis erected, at a cost of nearly $2G,000, the handsome build-
ing known as the Lewis library building, which they proposed to
deed to the M. E. church as soon as the trustees should be ap-
pointed by the said church to receive it and the above bequest. ■ In
March, 1867, the matter was brought before the Missouri conference,
in session at Independence, and the following persons were appointed
as trustees, viz.: Major James W. Lewis, Joseph D. Keebaugli,
Charles K. Barclay, Nathan Shumate, David A. ]McCready.
Benjamin W. Lewis, Jr., John ^yachter, Hon. George Young, Hon.
David Landon, Joseph H. Hopkins and William S. Wenlz — " for
the purpose of carrying out the provisions of said will and taking
possession of said bequest, buildings and other property, and for the
further purpose of establishing a permanent institution of learning in
the city of Glasgow," and, pursuant to previous notice, the said trus-
tees met on the 24th of May, 1807, in the city of Glasgow, and
adopted articles of association, and on the 2od day of Sep-
tember, following, became by due course of law a body politic and
corporate under the corporate name of the Lewis college and library
association.
On this new basis, Lewis college was opened in October 1807,
mSTOKY OF flOWAHO AND CUAIUTON' COIXTIES. 231
with Eev. J. S. Buvwick, A. M., pn/sldcnt, assisted liy L. Brcinor,
A. M., Miss S. E. Eichelberger and Mrs. E. S. Barwick as teachers.
One hundred and forty pupils were enrolled. A few were classed in
the college departinont, but the )n-incii)al work of the school was in
ihc academic grades. Priif. Barwick remained only a part of two
years as president, and in 18t)9, Rev. L. M. Albright took charge.
The library building proving inadoriuato, steps were taken by Major
James W. Lewis and others to {un-chaso the seminary building on
Third and Market streets, then owned by the trustees of Pritchett
school institute. This purchase, including the brick building imme-
diately adjoining, was effected sometime in 18(59, and the college was
opened there. The surroundings were even more pleasant and the
institution was better prepared to provide for its students. About
the same time the trustees came into possession of the large frame
building known as Bartholow hall, situated on tlie corner of Fourth
and Commerce streets, which ^vas fitted up with all the necessary ar-
rangements for a club-house, where young njen cnuld boaril them-
selves or be boarded at cheap rates. By the muniticence of its
founders, everything was done that could l)e to secure jiatronage and
to elevate tlie grade of the school, but, notwithstanding their efforts,
the growth was slow. The local patronage by political preferences
and social relationships, was naturally turned to other institutions,
and the church to which the scliool looked for patronage was able to
do but little, for the reason that its membership were tor the
most part new comers, young married people with but little more
money than was necessary to buy land and stock and to meet the
wants of their growing families. These facts were not altogether un-
expected, and yet tlicy were somewliat discouraging to tho.-e who
compared the progress with that made with older and more favored
colleges.
In the spring of 1881, President Albright resigned and the trust-
ees at their meeting in June, elected Rev. T. A. Parker to till the
place. Prof. Parker did not personally take charge of the school
but, by the permission of the board, employed James C. Hall, A.
M., and Mrs. Olive K Hall, A. M., to manage the att'airs until the next
year. At the next meetuig of the trustees, in June, 1882, Rev.
James C. Hall, A. M., was elected president and Mrs. Olive K.Hall,
professor of Latin and Greek. The circumstances surrounding the
school were not such as to inspire confidence, or develop enthusiasm,
yet the college took no step backward ; local sympathy was slow in
growth, but it came at last and a creditable respect was wdu.
232 msTOJiv oi' ijowaud and ciiAiaxox col'.nties.
Sc'Vorul c-lj'oi'ts were iiiade to secure eiulownieut and various
plans adoplcd, hut nunc of tliein wei-e ])ioducti\'e of much iVuit.
'J'lie pntrijiii/inti; ei'ul'i-ienccs of (be chureh woe divided in feeling'.
}iartly on account of dissatisfaction with the Icjcal surroundings,
■ind piirtly en accounl of eilbris to secure tl.ii'ir inlluence in estab-
lishing schools in other parts of the state. The want of
endowment made it impossihle to meet the necessary expenses
for insU'uetion, and tiic work ^^oulJ necessarilv have been aban.-
doued had not the deficiencies from year to year been promptly
rnet by Major James "W. Lewis, who generously expended thousands of
dollars in this direction. In the vear 1S77, some changes were made
in the general management, and the school was th.rown moi'e fully
upon its own income for support. In the spring of 1880, pi-oposi-
tions were made to the trustees for the consolidation of Lewis col-
lege and Prichett school institute into one school, under the control
of the M. E. church, and a contract for such consolidation was made
by representatives of both institutions. Init before the ojieiiing of
the fall session it was again dissolved.
In the spring of 1882, Bishop IL W. Warren, D. D., visited the
college for the jnirpose of examining its condition, needs and pros-
pects, and in council with prominent citizens it was resolved to ap-
pit-al to the citizens of Glasgow for aid to supply better, buildings and
more ample grounds, and in case they neglected or refused to do
so, then the college should be removed. This was fully set forth
in a jniblic meeting held at the M. E. church in Glasgow, Mtirch,
1882. At the next annual conference of the church held in Chilli-
cothe, a committee was appointed to act with another committee to
be appointed by the St. Louis conference of the ^L E. Churcli, as
a joint commission to determine the location and to relocate if neces-
sary, Lewis college. This commission met at the annuid crnnnicnce-
nunt of the college, ]Mav 31, 1882, and decided to relocate the col-
lege at one of the several suitable cities which should m:ike the niost
liberal bid in lands, money and building. This committee met again
on June 2n, to open the liids received — Sedalia offering twelve acres
of land suitably located, and $10,000 cash, and Glasgow^ otlering
twenty-five acres of land, the building and apparatus of the college,
two pianos, tlie boarding-house and the liuilding known as Bartholow
hall, and a subscription of $7,000,
Glasgow was selected, and the necessary arrangements for the
transfer of the property to the trustees were made. Steps were im-
mediately taken to purchase the handsome residence just north of the
HISTORY OF HOWAUIi AND CIIAi;iTON COUNTIES. 2;^-!
city kaov,-ii as llic Lewis miinsloa. On Novciuher 22cl, the iieuu tia-
tioii was effected, and on the 21st of December, the new premises
^vera taken possession of by the college.
A full reiiorl of the action of the commission and board of trus-
tees in the lucati^tn of the college and the purchase of property, was
made to the [Missouri and Si. Louis annual conferences and endorsed
hv them. llev. J. J. Bcntley was ayipointed financial agout, and
plans were adopted which promise to make the college at once a suc-
cess. A genera! retrospect of the entire history of tlie college
shoM's a slow Ijut continued advance. Froni its humble beginning
in the basement of the church, through all t!ie viscissitudes of its foi-
tune, it has won every step it has gained by determined and perse-
^■ering effort. Whatever of L'topian dreams may have hovered o^-er
its early years have been dispelled by the struggles through which it
has passed. Those who administer its allairs grasp its interests witli
a strong hand, and upon the new and permanent foundation, with
the handsomest surroundings of any college in Missouri, Lewis col-
lege sets out with flattering prosjiects to achieve the nolilest ambi-
liori of its I'ounders, ami to bring to their names the honor due.
LEWIS LIBUAKY.
Tiie Lewis library was tbunded by the late Colonel Benjamin ^V.
Lewis, who oidered in his Avill that the liberal sum of ten tlKuisand
dollars should be set apart to be invested in a library, to be located in
the city of Glasgow, Howard county, ilissouri ; and tliat the said
libraiy should be under the control of the ilethodist Episcopal church.
Since his death, a handsome buiding has been erected by ^L's. f^leanor
Lev/is, his widow, Benjamin Yi. Lewis, liis son, and ^lajor J. AV.
Lewis, his brother, in which the library is now kept.
Since its foundation, it has been steadily increasing in favor and
prosperity. Its influence is widely felt, and its interests begin to find
a response in the hearts of the people, who already regard it ^f ith pride
as the ornament of the citv, and a fitting monument of the life and
labors of its benevolent founder.
It is replete with all the standard authors, leading magazines, and
a fine collection of mineral specimens ; is arranged somewhat after the
style of the public school library, St. Louis, and the works contained
are estimated to have cost $5,000. Many rare and ancient curiosities
are to be found here, affording large s|)eculative theories, and themes
for earnest and candid study, The building is a handsome two-story
structure of modern architecture, the second floor being dcvoteil to tlik>
234 liisTor;!' OF howaiu) axd ciiahiton cor.NTir.s.
liliravv ami rcadiiiii-room. Tlic first tioor is a piit)lie lecture hal!.
The huiulini,'' i-^ 40x9U feet in diinensidiis, and cost $30,000. This is
without d(nii)t one oi'the tiuest institutions of its kind in the state, and
has to 1)C seen to he fully appreciated.
Board of trustees — Eev. J. H. Hopkins, John Wachter, Eev.
John Gillies, Rev. J. R. Sas.sine, Rev. JBenj. St. J. Frv, D.D., Major
J. W. Lewis, B. W. Lewis, Jr., Rev. "W. F. Clayton, Rev. G. W.
Durnienl, Rev. W. J. ^Nlartindale, Rev. T. J. Ferrii. OtHcers of the
Board — Rev. J. XL Hopkins, president ; Major J. W. Lewns, vice-
president ; Rev. J. D. Kecbaugh, secretary ; John "Wachter, treasurer.
Executive coinniittee — Rev. J. H. Hopkins, Major J. W. Lewis,
Rev. W. J. Martindale. Librarian — Mrs. Jeanie Almond Frost.
rL"r,Lic SCHOOLS.
The public schools of Glasgow were organized about two years
after the war of 1861.
There arc at this time (1883) two hundred and forty white
pupils* and two hundred and fifteen colored pupils enrolled.
Present teachers — George W. Jones, superintendent; Miss
Lizzie Fcagcl, first assistant ; Miss Blanch Hieronymns, second assist-
ant ; Miss Nettie Sears, third assistant ; .Miss Ella Hams, fourth as-
sistant. Colored *ehool — A. R. Chinn, L. F. Payne, Miss Nancy L
Farel.
POST-OFFCE .
Glasgow post-office was established September 27, 1837. TIil-
list of postmasters with date of appointment is as follows: —
September ?7, l^o', R. P. Hanenkanip.
September 30, l83it, Thomas A. Lewis.
November 30, 1841, Daniel Mayuard.
January 25!, 1842, R. P. Hanenkainp.
November 13, I84(i, Henry W. Smith.
April 11, 1849, W. F. Dunnica.
December 24, 18.")2, John C. Crowley.
February 4, 1853, James S. Thompson.
August 24, 1853, John T. Marr.
November 11, 1856, Gideon Crews.
Dccem!)cr 31, 1861, Frank W. Diggs.
* A number of white pupils attend oilier schools and colleges, which largely decreu-n^
the number attending the public schouls.
HISTOi;V OF HOWARD AND CIIARITOX COUNTIES. 235
rebniary 14, ISGf?, Christian Dantol.
M.ay 22," 180-2, Frank W. Digg-s.
March 24, 1869, Joseph D. Keebaugh.
January 20, 1871, Enoch B. Cunningliani.
March 19, 1875, J. P. Cunnuigham.
DIRECTORY OF GLASGOW. .
5 dry gooJs houses, 1 saddler shop,
1 l)oot and shoe store, 1 saw mill and veneering niauu-
3 boot and shoe makers, factnre,
7 grocei'y stores, 2 liouring mills,
4 drug stores, 1 Baptist church,
5 saloons, 1 Christian church,
2 silversmith shops, 1 Catholic church,
3 tailor shops, 1 German Evangelical church,
1 millinery store, 1 M. E. Church, south,
•? '■:^.kers, 1 M. E. church,
1 furniture store, 1 Presbyterian church,
4 blacksmith sliop^, 1 M. E. church (colored),
2 tin and stove shops, 1 African M. E. church (colored).
2 dentists,
Cf I AFTER X.
PRAIRIE TOWNSHIP.
BoundsH-y — physical Features — Early Settlers —Armstrong — Roanoke — Secret Orders —
Moniteau Township — Boundary — Physical Features — Early Settlers — Sebree —
Burton Township — Boundary — Physical Features — Burton — Bonne Fenimo Town-
ship — Boundary — Physical Features — Early Settlers.
BOrXDARY.
SouaethiDg more than one thirtl of this township v.-.is talcen
off in 1880, to lorni Burton township, leaving it as it is now in area,
about fifty squr.re miles. It is bouniled on the noith l)y Kandolph
couuly, on the east by liniton township, on the south by Uielnuond
town-'hip, and on the west by Chariton township.
PHYSICAL FEATUKES.
This township unlike any other in the county, included originally
a prairie, which constituted about one-fourth of its area. This portion
of the same was called Foster's prairie, after Silas Foster, who settled
there at an early day. The surface of the township consists of hills
and nndulations, but the soil is rich and constitutes a fine agricultural
region. Bonne Femme creek finds its source in this township, in a
niunber of snnill confluents which drain the southern jiarl of tlie
same. Cabin creek with other streams, water the township in various
directions.
EARLY SETTLERS.
Prairie township being a little remote from the river, was not
settled as early as some other districts of the county. The pimieers
were partial to large streams and great forests. They drew mucli of
their sustenance from both, and so long accustomed were they to the
sound of the winds passing through the branches of the trees, that
sheltered the door-yards of their former homes, that, in the selection
of a site for a new location, they did so, with special reference to the
convenience of the former and immediate proximity of the latter.
Prairie township not presenting to the eve of the earlv settler, the
(236)
HISTORY OF HOWAF.l> AND CH-VRITOX COUNTIES. 'J-)l
;Klv;intai;-es of timber unci water to siieh v.n extent as he <le>ired, it
was not so e.irlv and so densely populated as the townships i)ordering
upon the Missouri.
Tiio tirst persons to locate in tlie township were Silas Inyart,
W'm. Harvey, Durlin Wright, Uinjihrey Bess and John Titus. These
t'^ok ehiiuis about three miles soutli of the town of Roanol<e. Tlmmas
T'atterson, father of Rice Patterson, settled the place where Captain
Finks now lives, in 1817,v,iiere he n::ade small ini[)rov<^ments. J'res-
ley, "Willianv and Frank Holly, came in 1821 : also, Stephen, -Jolni
and William Green, and Wesley, Asa and George Thompson. Wil-
liam Shores, a Methodist preacher, was an early settler. Benjamin
Williams opened a farm about four miles v/est of Rc.inoke at an
early day.
Lott Hackley located in the southern part of the township, and
David Crews in the central portion of the same. Richard Lee was an
early settler. The following parties settled in the township fron)
1819 tol8:.'5: Nathaniel Morris, Alfred Williams, Harrison Daly,
James Hardin, Love Evans, George Foster, Robert James, Levi
Markl.md, Asa O. Tlicmpson, Michael Ribb, Jonas Ro!>b, Reuben
Anderson, Philip Prather, Patrick Woods, William Padgett, Silas
Foster, Leyton Yancy, William Drinkard, Haniau Gregg, Garland
Maupin, Charles Denny, James Ramsey, A. Williams, Joseph Fo-ter,
Martin Gibson, John Cross, Jackson Thorp, Joseph Rundel, Willi-.m
Maupin, William Green, Wesley Green, John King, James King,
Tljomas Graves, John Snoddy, Walker Saoddy, David Martin, Will-
iam Richardson, David Gross, William Plutson, Stokely Mott, John
Fennel, Thomas Simmons, David, James and Irvin Lee, John Page,
William INlontgomery, Peter Ford, Sr., Asa Kerby, M. Lane, Frank-
lin Wood, Garrett Trumble, William Arch and Padtly AVoods, David
White, John Warford, James Snyder, I.,ynch Turner, James Denny,
•lohn T. Cleveland. .John Broadus, James Hackley, Charles Harvey,
William James, "William McCully and George Jackson.
AKMSTKONG.
This is a. bright, new town, located on the line of the Chicago
and Alton railroad, and was lai<l out in the spring of ISTii. It
is surrouudcd by a beautiful and fertile country, about eight miles
from Glasgow. The first Inisiness house was completed and occupied
by P. A. Wooley. Flagg and Prather, began the erection of a build-
ing about the same time, but did not get their stock of goods inti> it
17
'26S iJisToiiv OF iiowAno and chaiuton countiks.
as soon as V/ddlcy. SaiiUK-1 Pralher was the first postmastev. The
next building was a hotel, and erected by one, ililehani. The town
contains one church edifice, built by ditl'ercnt denominations as a
union church ; throe dr}' goods stores, t\^'o groceries, two drugstores,
one lumber yard and two blacksmitlis.
Roanoke was originally settled by Vicirinians, wlio were great ad-
mirers of that eccentric, but talented man, John Eandolph, of Roanoke,
and named the new town after his elegant country seat — Roanoke. It
was laid out in 1834, on the east half of the southeast quarter of sec-
tion 10, and west lialf of the southwest quarter of section 11, town-
ship 52, range 1C>.
James Head erected the first house in the town, as a business
hou-^e (weneral store) : he was also the first postmaster. C. K.
P^vans is the present postmaster.
Tlio town contains two cliurchcs, one a Missionary Baptist ;ind
the other a Union church, two dry good stores, two groceries, two
drug stores, one tin sliop and stove store, two saddlers, two milliner-,
two blacksmiths, one t'urniturc store, one excellent public school, ami
one boardmg-house.
Roanoke was the place for holding the great central fair for
several years after ISiifi; tliis fair was sustained by Howard, Randoipli
and Chariton conntie>.
SECRET SOCtETIES.
Roanoke Lodge, No. 75, A. F. and A. M. Date of charter Ma v 25,
185-L Charter members — Anthony Walton, W. M. ; J. B. Bradford,
S. W. ; Michael H. Snyder, J. W. ; James Nelson, W. N. Nelson, M.
D. Ryle, John Chonstant, T. J. Brockman, R. J. Mansfield, W. P.
Phelps. William J. Ferguson, P. B. Childs and T. J. Blake.
Present officers —J. D. Hick-, W. M. ; C. R. Evans, S. W. (no
Jr. Ward) ; Reuben Taylor, treasurer ; J. W. Bagby, secretary ; Yow-
ell Lockridge, S. D. ; J. C. Wallace, J. D. ; J. A. Snyder, tyler.
Bethel Lodge No. 87, L O. O. F., was organized July 30, 1855,
and worked under a dispensation until May 21, 1856, when the lodi:e
received its charter.
The charter member^ were ]?. F. Snyder, J. A. Snyder, J. W.
Ten-ill, Martin Green, T. L. William-, W. L. Upton," and M. H.
Snyder ; the first otRcers were B. F. Snyder, \. G. ; J. W. Torrill, \'.
G. ; W. L.Upton, secretary; M. H. Sny.ler, treasurer, and T. L.
HISTORY OF HOWARD AXD CHARITON COC.NTIES. 239
■Williams, warden. The lu'esent officers are as follows : A. T. Prewitt,
X. G. ; T. G. Montgomery, V. G. : J. S. Peters, secretary: J. II.
Crisler, treasurer; W. E. I{ichard.>oa, warden.
MOXIiEAU TOWXbHII' BOUXDAKY .
There have been no changes made in Moniteau township since its
reorganization and establishment, in 1821. It is one of the largest
municipal divisions in the county, embracing an area of about seventy
square miles. It is bounded ou the north b}' Bonne Fennne townshi[>,
on the east by Boone county, ou the south by i3oone and Cooper
counties, and on the west b}- Franklin and Elchniond townships.
PHYSICAL FEATURES.
This township was once covered with a tine gro>vth of timber.
The land away from the river and the larger streams is usually high
and rolling. The soil is rich, and mauv farmers have here l)uikled
elegant homes. Water facilities are good. The ^loniteau creek,
after -vhich the township received its name, traverses the entire length
of its territory, while Salt creek waters other ]:)ortions of the same.
Plentv of Iniilding stone and coal, the latter but poorly developed, is
found.
EARLY SETTLEMENTS.
The settlement of this township began comparatively early —
1812. At this period Price Arnold located ou section 23. He was
from Mercer county, Kentucky, and arrived in Franklin township in
I'^ll. Here he remained until the following }"ear, and took a claim
where his graiuUon, ^Matthew Arnold, Esq., now resides. The same
year he was joined by 'William Head, who caiue from Washington
county, Virginia. In the latter part of that year ( 1812), these two
gentlemrn selected :' sight and began the erection of Fort Head,
named in honor of Mr. Head, named above, who wa^ chosen cajitain
of the little l)and, formed for the defense of the small colony again-t
the anticipated attacks of the aborigines. It is impossil)ie to give
the names of all the settlers at this late date, who sought refuge in the
fort. We will, however, give the names of such as]we have been en-
abled to get, and felicitate ourselves over the] fact that we have
snatched even these from the sea of forgetfulnes5,*whither they, and
all recollections concerning them, are so raiiidly tendiiiL:'. Their nanu-s
are Price Arnold, William Head, Jaine-< Piiios, William Pipes. .bi-cph
Austin, Perrin CoolLy, .a Methodist miiii-ter. Pi-ter Creas;Mi, and
240 IIISTOKY OF ]ICn\ARl> AND CHAPaXO.V COUNTIES.
Heiirv Lemons. After the clo.^c of hostilities, in 1815, iniinigralion
at once set in, and many valuable accessions to the popuhitioii were
made.
* Gerrard Eobinson arrived in 1S19 ; Patrick in 1819 ; Waddy T.
Ciirrau in 181P : George Pipes in 1817 ; Pleasant Pipes in 1818 ; John
Gray in ]S17 ; Ephraiin Thompson in 1817 ; James Hollom in 1817 -.
Solomon Barnett and Znceheus Barnett in 1818; Thomas Tipton in
1^20 ; and Federal Walker in 18-23. These were generally from Ken-
tucky, the others from Virginia. In 1819, quite a number of settlers
came from Todd county, Kentucky, and made a settlement in the
northeastern part of the township, chief among whom were Colonel
Benjamin Reeves, afterwardslieiitenant-govcrnor of Missouri, "William
L. Reeves, Benjamin Givens, Edward Davis, Colonel Joseph Davis.
Judoe Edward Davis, and Colonel Horner.
The town of Sebree was laid out on a part of the snuthea~t
quarter and part of the northeast quarter of section 18, township ."I'l,
range 14. The town was located on the projected line of the Lou-
isiana and Mississippi railroad. The road, however, never having
been built, the town did not thrive.
BURTON TOWNSHIP. BOUNDARY.
Burton town>hip was created in 1880. It was taken from
Prairie, Richmond and Bonne Femme townships. Its boundary as
fixed by the county court, is as follows : Beginning at the Randolph
count;/ line between ranges 1.5 and IG ; thence south to the line
between sections 19 and .30, township 51, range 15 ; thence east one
mile; thence south one mile to the line between townships 50 and 51 :
thence cast to the line dividing sections 35 and 3i), township 51,
range 15 ; thence north to the county line : thence west with said line
to the beginning. It adjoins Randolph county on the north, Bonne
Femme township on the east, Richmond townshii) on the south, and
Prairie township on the west.
rUYSlCAL FEATURES.
A portion of this township is prairie. The general surface i-
uneven, but as an agricultural region it is perhaps not surpassed i)y
any other township in the county. The township is watered by the
Bonne Femme and Salt Fork creeks. Both limstono and coal are
found.
HISTORY OF nOWAr.D AND CHAIilTOX COUNTIES. 241
For cai'Iy sctUers, see Prairiu, ]\icliincm(l aiul r>oune Fonuiie
townships.
BUr.TOX.
This town is located on the lino of tlic Missouri, Kansas and
Texas railroad, and contained a population in 1880, of 12ii ; the
population now (1883) is considerably more. The l>usine5s includes
several stores, general assortnient, a blacksmith shop, etc. The
Patrons of .Husbandry have at this point (the only one in tlie county)
a co-operative store. There is a hotel and one church edifice. The
i-ailroad company have here a good and sufEcient depot.
BOXXE FEMME TOWNSHII'. BOINDAUY.
Bonne Femnie township I'eniains as it was originally formed, in
1821, excepting sections 11, IJ, 1-5, 22, 23, have since been taken otF,
and added to the new towu'^hip of Burton. Bonne Femme is situ-
ated in the northeastern portion of the county, and is bounded on
the north by Eandolph, on the east by Boone comity, on the south by
Moniteau town-hip, and on the west by Burton, and Prairie townships.
PHYSICAL FEATURES.
This township, like Howard county generally, is a timbered dis-
trict, there being all the varieties known to this latitude. The surface
is hilly and undulating, and in some pcntions of the township, the
country is broken and the soil is thin. Limestone abounds. The
Bonne Femme and Moniteau creeks, which empty into the ^Missouri
river, are fed by numerous small tributaries, which have their source
in this to^vn:^hip.
EAHEY SETTLERS.
The first settlers of Bonne Femme, like the early settlers of the
other townships, have all passed away. Among these, were 'Sir.
Winn, the father of Judge G. J. Winn; there was also Henry ]Myer,
whose father lived at Myer's post-oiBce (Bunker Hill), which was
named after him. Bunker Hill contains a post office, a blacksmith
shop, and store, ilyer was prominent in politics, having been a
member of the State senate. There were among the prominent old
•settlers Ellis Walker and Charles Literal. Among others, were
James Dougherty, Sr., Franklin Dougherty, John T. Doughei-ty,
Joel J. Greggsby. Benjamin T. Saunders, M. H. Baily, Thomas
Ancill, John Aslibury, John K. Hitt, Geonre W. Potter, Binl New-
242
niSTOKV UF JiOWAHD AND CH.M;ITON COUNTIE*
luai!, Jaim-s G. Muir, George Kirl)y, J. H. Blakely, Eiiyaixl Mu'icrly,
Daniel Palmatorv, Daniel Gilvion, Jacob C. Williams. Jaclc-jou
Han-is, William K. Woods, Peter Woods, Silas B. Naylor, Jo-ei-h 15.
Andrews, Wni. Jones. Wni. Arnctt and John Fisher. The present
population of the township has principally sprung from Kentucky
and North Carolina. The people are a moral, industrious ela^s of
citizens, and are successful farmers, their princijial products heing
wheat and tohacco, though grass is grown to advantage. The lirst
church in this township, was organized by the Baptists, in 1819, at
Myer's.
CHAPTER XI.
.BENX'Il AND EAK AND CKIMINAL RECORD.
Introductory Kemarkt — Bench and Bar of Old Fmnklin — Judge David Barton — Judi;e
Geortje Tompkin? — Judge }»[athin3 McGirk — Judi,'e .\biel Leonard — A Duel — Judge
Leonard and ilajor Tavlor Berry the Participants — Correspondence between Them —
Their Trip to \Volf Island — The Duel —Kesuit — Judge David Todd — ChtiHes
French, Esq. — Governor Hamilton R. Gamble — Judge John F. Kyland — Bench and
Bar of Fayette — Judcre James H. Birch — Hon. Joe Davis — Judge James W. Mor-
row—Hon. Kobert T. Prewiti — Governor Thomas Keynolds — General Itobert Wil-
son—General John B. Ciark, Sr. — Judge V>'m. B. Xapton — Present Member' of the
Fayette Bar — Criminal Record — General Ignatius P. Owen — AVashington Hill and
David Gates — Price Killed Allen Burton — Lucky and Satl'arans — Hays Killed
Brown — Oliver Perry McGee Killed Thomas P. White — John Chapman Killed —
Stephen Bynum Killed Joel Fleming — Murder at a Picnic.
Horace Grecl}- once said that the only good u:re a lawyer could be
put to was haiiirintr, and a great nKiny other people entertain the same
opinion. There ma}' be cause for condemning the course of certain
practitioners of the law, but the same may be said within the ranks of
all other professions. Such men should not be criticised as lawyers,
doctors, or the like, init rather as individuals who seek through a pro-
fession that is quite essential tu the welfare of the body politic as the
science of medicine is to that of the physical M'ell being, or theology to
the perfection of the moral nature, to cany out their nefarious and
dishonest designs, which are usually for the rapid accumulation of
money, although at times far more evil and sinister pur[)03es, ami which
are the instincts of naturally depraved and vicious natures. None of
the professions stand alone in being thus atHicted. All suffer alike.
The nmst holy and sacred offices have been prostituted to btise uses.
And it would be quite as unreasonable to hold the entire medical fra-
ternity in contempt fur the malpractice and quackery of some of its
unscrupulous members, or the church, with its thousands of sincere
and noble teachers and followers, in derision for the hypocrisy and
deceit of the few, who simply use it as a chtak to conceal the inten-
tions of a rotteu heart and a corrupt nature, as to saddle upon a piD-
fession as great as either, the shortcomings of some of its indivii.lual
mem.bers.
(243)
■2ii HI.->TOUV OF HONVAUD AND CHAIUTON COUNTIES.
Bv a wise or.liiKitioii of I'roviiloiu-e, law ;uk1 order govern cvery-
thiiig ill the vast and coni})lex sj.slem of the universe. Law is cvery-
thiiiLT— hiwvers nothiiitr. L:nv would still exist, though every one of
its professors and teaehers should perish from the face of the earth.
And should such a thing occur, and a new race sin-ing up, the first in-
structi\'e desire of its hest men. would he to Iniiig order out of clnios
h}' tlie enaetnient and promulgation o!' ^^•i,■•c and Ijencliciul laws. Law
in the abstract is as much a component part of our planet as are the
elements, earth, air, fire and water. Li a concrete sense, as applied
to the government of races, nations, and people, it pdays almost an
equally important part. Lideed, so grand is the science and so noble
are the objects sought to be accomplished through it, that it ha- in-
spired some of the best and greatest men of ancient and modern times
to an investigation and study of its principles, and in the long line of
great names handed down to us fnnn the dim and shadowy portrds of
the jiasl, quite as many great men will be found enrolled as niembers
of the legal profession as in any of the others, and owe their greatness
to a sound knowledge of the princii)les of law, and a strict and impar-
tial ai)i>lication of them. Draco, among the first and greali.st of
Athenian law-givers, was hailetl as the deliverer of those people be-
cause of his enacting laws and enforcing them for the prevention of
vice and crime, and looking to the protection of the masses from op-
pression and lawlessness. It is tiaie that many of the penalties he at-
tached to the violation of the law were severe, and even barbarous,
but this severity proceeded from an honorable nature, with an earnest
desire to improve the condition of his fellow-men. Triptolemus, his
contemporary, proclaimed as laws : " Honor your parents, worship
thi- God~. hurt not animtds."' Solon, perhaps the wise^^t and greatest
of them all, a man of remarkable purity of life and noble impulses,
who>e moral character was so great, and conviction as to the public
good so strong, that he could and did refuse supreme and despotic
power when thrust upon him, and llui:> replied to the sneers of his
friends : —
Nor wisdom's plan, nor dc-p laid policy,
Can Solon boast. For, when its noble blessings
Heaven poured into his lap. he spurned them from him.
"Where were his sense and spirit, when enclosed
He found the choicest pray, nor deigned to draw it?
Who to command fair Athens but one day
"Would not himself, with all his race, have fallen
Contented on the morrow?
What is true of one nation or race in this particular is true of all.
HISTOUY OF HOWAKD AND CHAP.ITOX COU.NTIKS. 245
viz. : t!i:it tliu widest and tiTeatost of all la\v-!inikt.r< and la\v\ci-^ have
always l,>eeii pure and good men, perhaps the uiosl nolaldo oxccptioii>;
being Justinian and Tribonianus. Their great learning and wisdom
enabled them to rear as their everlasting nionunient, the Pandects and
Justinian Code, which, howe\'er, they sadly defaced ii}' the inniioralities
and excesses of their private lives. Among the revered and modern
nations M'ill be found, conspicuous for their great service^ to their fel-
lows, innumerable lawyers. To the Frenchnum the mention of the
names of Tronchet, Le Brun, Portalis, Roederer, and Thibaudcau ex-
cites a thrill pride for greatness and of gratitute for their goodness.
What Englishman, or American either, but that takes jwat pride in the
splendid reputation and character of the long line of England's loyal
hnvyer sons? Tiie Bacons, father and son, who, with Lord Burleigh,
were selected by England's greatest fjuecn to ;idniinister the ati'airs of
state, and Somers and Ilardwicke, Cowper and Dunning, Elden,
Blackstoue, Coke, Stowell, and Curran, who, with all the boldness of
a giant and eloquence of Demosthenes, struck such \igorf>us blows
against kingly tyranny and o[)pression ; and ]{lskine and Mansiield and
a score of others.
These are the men who form the criterion by which the profes-
sion should be judged. And in our own country, have we not names
among the dead as sacred and among theliving a? dear? In the bright
Ijages of the history of a country, founded for the sole lienelit of the
people, and all kinds of people, who, more than imr lawyers, are re-
(.airded as assisting in its formation, preservation, and working for its
perpetuity?
The American will ever turn with special pride to the great
Webster, Kufus Choatc, William Wirt, Taney, Marshall, and a hun-
dred others, who rellected the greatest honor upon the profession in
our own country. And among the truest and best sons of [Missouri
are her lawyers, and even in the good county of old Howard, some of
her most highly esteemed and most responsible citizens are members
of this noble profession.
BENCH AND BAR OF ( OLD ) FRANKLIN.
Franklin was especially noted for its corps of able and profound
lawyers, many of whom afterwards attained state and national repu-
tations. Below, will be found brief, biographical sketches of the
earliest and most prominent members of the Franklin bar beginning
with —
246 HISTORY OF HO\VAKl> AND CHARITON' COL'XTIES.
JUDGE DAVID HARTON.
He was a native of Greene county, Tennessee; of poor, but re-
spectable parents. Settled in St. Louis, before Missouri was admitted
into the Union. He was the first United States senator elected from
Missouri. Col. Thomas H. Beaton was his colleague. He was the
presiding officer of the constitutional convention of the state in 1820.
Served in the state senate from 1834 to 1835. He was the fir?t
circuit judge, that presided over a Howard county court — in 1816 —
residing at Franklin. Although deficient in his early education, he
possessed a good command of language and was an eloquent, sarcastic
and witty speaker. He died near Boonville, Cooper county, in
September, 1837, and left no family.
JUDGE GEORGE TOMFKI.NS.
Was born in Carolina county, Virginia, in March, 1780. Came
to St. Louis, about the year 1803, and taught school and read law at
the same time. He located in Old Franklin about the yearl817. He
was a meml)er of the legislature (territorial) when that body sat at
St. Charles. Li 1824, he was appointed judge of the supreme court
of Missouri. He died at Jefferson City in 1846. That he was a tine
jurist and a man of spotless integritj', admits of no doubt. Like Judge
Barton, he left no f:imiiy.
JUDGE MATHIAS JI'GIRK.
This popular and able jurist, was one of the first three judges
appointed to the supreme bench of ^lissouri, in 1820. He was a
native of Tennessee. Was born in 1790. Came to St. Louis when
quite young ; nioved to Montgomery county, and afterwards settled
in Franklin. He remained on the bench until 1841. IHs opinions
will be found in the first six volumes of ^Missouri rej^orts. He was a
member of the territorial legislature and was the author of the bill to
introduce the common law into Missouri.
JUDGE AlilEL LEONARD.
This eminent lawyer, was born in Windsor, Vermont, May 16,
1797. In 1819, at the age of 21 years, he came to St. Louis, descend-
ing the Ohio river in a skirt' from Pittsburgh. Eemained in St. Louis
but a few days and then started on foot for Franklin, which he reached
after recovering from a spell of sickness, which he had at St. Charles.
He, however, after teaching a six months" school in the vicinity of
Franklin, located first at BoouviUe, where he remained two years and
then returned to Franklin. In 1834, he was elected to the legislature ;
HIbTOi:V OF HOWAliD AND CHAKITOX COCXTIES. -' t (
revised the l:i\vs of the state in ly31-5, aiul was appointed a judge ut
the supreme court upon the resignation of Gov. Gamble. As a jurist,
!ie h:)d no superior in the state. Judge Leonard moved to Fayette in
1824.
A 15UKL.
Having given ahnve a brief biographical sketch of Judge Leonard,
we deem it [iroper, in this conneotinn, to mention the duel he had
with Majnr Taylor Berry, and reproduce tlie correspondence that
passed lietween the two gentlemen, prior to theii' meeting, wdiich
terminated so fatally to one of the participants. Major Berry, at the
time of the ditliculty, was residing in the town of Old Franklin . He
was a Kentuckian by l^irth, high strung and ipiick to resent an itisult,
whetlier offered to himself or to his friend.
In June, 1824, a law suit occurred in the town of Fayette, in'
which Judge Leonard and Major Berry were interested as attorneys.
Leonard had cross-examined a witness in court — a witness who had
testified in the interest of Major Berry — and had done it in such a
manner as to greatly oflend both the witness and Berry. After court
had adjourned for noon, the witness threatened to make a personal
assault on Leonard in the street, should he meet him. Berry hearing
of what the witness had said in reference to assaulting Leonard, told
him to never mind, let him attend to Leonard. It was noticed that
Berry held in his hand, a black, horse whij), and at'tcr Leonard had
repaired to his lioarding-house, and eaten his dinner, he was met l)y
Berry, in front of the hotel, who struck him several times with the
whi[). Berry being a much stronger man physically than Leonard,
the latter being luiarmed too, could make but slight resistance. The
insult thus offered, and the manner in which it was done, so outraged
tlie feelings of Judge Leonard, as a man and citizen, that he at once
determined to send Berry a challenge which he accordingly did.
The following !<> the correspondence which took place between
the parties : —
[Zeo?iartZ to Berry.^
Franki.ix, June 26, 1824.
Sir: I demand a personal interview with vou. My friend, Mr.
Boggs, will make the necessary arrangements on my part.
Yours, etc., .
A. Leonard.
Ma.tok Berky.
To which Major Berry replied as follows : —
Franklin, Mo., June 28, 1824.
Sir: Your note of the 2Cth has Ijeen received. Without
248 iiisrouY of how.akd and ciiAinroN countiks.
urging the ohjeotions wliieli I luigbt have to the note itsell', or tn the
demund it contains, I shall answer it, to redeem ii promise which I
made at Fayette (in passion) that 1 would give you the denuuided
interview. My business, whicli emiiraces many duties to others, will
require my personal attention until alter the iirst of Sejitember next,
after which time, any further delay will be asked from you only.
To make -Auy arrangements, Maj. A. L. Langhani will atteml on
my part. Yours, etc.,
Taylok Berry.
Shortly before the meeting took place between Judge Leonard
and Major Bcny, Leonard was arrested Ijy direction of Judge Todd,
and required to give bond in the sum of $5,000 to keep the peace.
He said to the judge, " Name the amount of the bond, for I am de-
termined to keep my appointment with Major Berry." Xear the close
of August, the parties, \vith their seconds and surgeons, proceeded
down the river, having previously entered into — through their sec-
onds— the following stipulation, to meet at some point near New
Madrid on the Mississippi river, in the southern jjart of the state : —
AVe, Thonuis J. Boggs and Angus L. Langham, appointed by
Abiel Leonard and Taylor Berry to act in the capacity of their friends
iu a personal interview they are to have, and to agree u[)on the terms
by which the said parties sliall be governed in the combat, do agree,
the said Thomas J. Boggs for and on behalf of Abiel Leonard, and
the said Angus L. Langham for and on behalf of Taylor Berry, to
the terms and regulations following, to-wit : The place of meeting
shall be nt some point, either in Kentucky, Tennessee or Arkansas,
which shall be most convenient to the to^vn of New Madrid — the
particulars to be determined by the seconds, who, for that purpose,
as well as for the making of any other necessary arrangement, shall
meet in the town of New Madrid on the third day previous to the time
specitied in this instrument for the personal meeting of the parties,
at ten o'clock, a. m. The time for the personal meeting of the par-
ties is fixed on the first day of September next, at ten o'clock in the
morning. The arms to be used by the parties shall he pistols, each
party choosing his own, without any restriction as to the kind, except
that ritle iiistols are prohiliitcd. The distance shall be ten paces of
three feet each. The position of the parties shall be side to side, so
as to lire without wheeling. When the parties have taken their po-
sitions, the question " Are you ready? "" shall be asked, to which the
answer shall be " Yes. " If either inirty answer negatively, or in
other terms, the question shall be rejjeated. When both parties an-
swer " Yes, " the word " Fire " is to l)e given ; upon which the par-
ties shall tire within the time crf counting eight, which shall lie slowly
and audibly done. As soon as the person counting finishes, he shall
order " Stop, " which shall be the word (if cessation for that fire.
HISTOKY OF IIOWAliD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. 2V.>
The choice of po>itiuiJS shull he determuieil by lot, as well a< the u'lv-
intr the wonl. • The countiiio- shall be done by the sccoiul \vho loses
the word. If the pistol of either party shall snap or fla?h, it shall
be considered a lire. If a shade cannot be obtained, the parties shall
stand on a line across the sun. A. L. Langham,
T. J. B0GG8.
Fnn,M!n, Juhj i, ]S24.
The time for the meeting of the jiarties is chan<red to four
o'clock, p. M. The dress, an ordinary three-quartered coat.
T. ,T. BoGGs,
A. L. Laxgham .
Point Fleas'-int, Aug . 31, 1S24.
On their way to New Madrid, Judge Leonard and his second
stopped over niglit at St. Louis, and while at the hotel, some of the
police, who had, in some unknown way, heard of what was going on,
went to the hotel to arrest Judge Leonard, but was frustrated l.n' the
ingenuity of ^Ir. Boegs. As they entered the room they asked for
the judge, when Mr. Boggs rose and said, " That is ray name. " They
at once arrested him, which gave Leonard a chance to escap e. Finding
they liad the wrong man, Mr. Boggs wa.- released and proceeded on
his way to New Madrid, wliere he arrived in good time. The place
selected was V\'(ilf Island, which is located in the lov,-er Mississippi
river, about thirty miles lielow Cairo, Illinois. The writer hereof,
visited the island in ISGO, and can testify to the fact that no more
fitting spot for such a meeting could have lieen found in all the coun-
try. Here on this island, isolated from the main shore, with only
their seconds and surgeons present, and beneath the shadows of an
almost impenetrable forest, they fought a bloody duel— one of the
actors therein trying to vindicate his insulted honor, and the other
fighting to redeem a promise " made in passion. " Berry fell at the
first fire, shot through the breast, and would have finally recovered
from the wound, which was not considered mortal, had it not been for
taking cold. He had neai'ly recovered and was preparing to return
home, when he contracted a cold and died at New Madrid. Dr. J. J.
Lowery was Major Berry's surgeon, and Dr. Dawson, of New Madrid,
was Judge Leonard's.
JUDGE DAVID TODD.
Few of the early judges of ilissouri were better known than
David Todd. He was a native of Kentucky, where he was born aljout
the vear ITI'O, in Favette county. lie came to Missouri at an early
2oO HI.-<TORY OF HO\VAnD AND CHARITOX COU.VTIKS.
diiy, and located in Old Franklin. He was aj^pointyd judLTC of the
Howard circuit. He ^vas an impartial, conscientious and ujiriirht
judge. He died in CoUunliia, Boone county, in 18-59.
CHARLES FREXCH, ESQ.
Like Judge Leonard, the .suliject of our sketch was born in New
England, — Hillsboro' county. New Haniijshire, — about the 3'ear ITl'T.
Soon after he attained his nnijority, he emigrated \rest and settled in
Old Franklin, where he remained in the practice of huv until l.'^.i'.i,
when he settled in Lexington, Missouri. As a hn\ yer, his st}le Ma-~
clear and strong. He was offered the judgeship of his circuit, but
declined. Li a fit of mental derangement, -while visiting a friend near
Lexington, ^Missouri, he cut his throat and terminated his life.
GOV. HAMILTON' R. GA.MBLE.
The subject of this sketch was a native of Winchester count^■,
Virginia, where he was l)orn November '29. 1798 : camo to St. Louis
in 1818, and soon after removed to OUI Franklin. He was aii[)ointed
prosecuting attnrnc_y just after his arrival at Franklin. In 18-_'4, he
was appointed secretary of state liy Gov. Bates. He then removeil
to St. Louis. In LSiG, he roproscntctl Fraidilin county in the le^risla-
ture. In 1851, he became a judge of the supreme court — presidinir
justice. In February, 18()1, he was made governor of Missouri. He
filled every position to \vhich he was called ^vitli marked ability, arid
died in 18G4.
•TCDGE .JOHN- F. KVLAND.
King and Queen county, Virginia, v.-as the birthplace of Judge
Ryland. that event occurring in November, 1797. He settled in Ohl
Franklin in 1819 and practised law until I80O, when he was appointed
judge of the sixth judicial circuit. In 184:8, he was appointed jud:;e
of the supreme court. He died in 1873. He was one of God's
noblemen, and bore the judicial rol)e with a dignity suited to the high
and responsible position — neither strained nor assumed, Ijut easy,
natural and commanding-.
BENCH AND HAll OF FAYETTE.
Having given short sketches of the bench and bar of Old
Franklin, we will now refer l)rietlv to the earlv bench and bar of
HISTOKV OF HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. "^^^l
Favettc, which hecauio the coimty scat of Howard county in Ibi^-l : —
JUDGE JAMES H. lURCH
canie to Favette, Howard county, Mis.-fouri, in 1827, and established
the Western Mom'tor. He was t'uruierly from rvlouti^onieiy county,
Vii-^rinia, M'here he was bora in 1804. He v.-as clerk of tlie lower
house of the General Assembly in 1828-0 ; afterwards secretary oi'
the senate and a member of the state senate. In 18-1.3, he was ap-
pointed register of the landotlice ; in 1849, he was api^oiuted judge of
the supreme court of the slate. He was a member of the consti-
tutional convention in ISiil. He died in Clinton county, near'
Plattshurg, in 1878.
HON. JOE DAVIS.
He was born in Christian county, Kentucky, in January, 1804,
;ind came with his parents to Missoui'i in 1818 and settled near
Fayette. He was a clerk in the land ofSee at Franklin, jHirsued
the study of his profession part of the time with Gen. John "\\'il-
s(in and the remainder with Edward Bates, of St. Louis. He first
opened an ofEce in Old Franklin, l)ut afterwards removed to Fayette.
He was one of the commissioners to lay out a road from Missouri
to Santa Fe, New ^Icxico. He was made colonel of a regiment
in the Indian war, and commanded a brigade in-'the Mormon ditli-
culties. He served in the legislature from 1844 to 1864. He died
ill October, 1871.
JUDCiE .TAJIES W. 3IORHO\V.
Like a vast majority of the early settlers of Howard county.
Judge Morrow came from Kentucky (Bath county), where he wa--
born in 181U. He settled iu Fayette in 1836, and was soon after
appointed judge of the Cole circuit, which position he held till
his death. He made a good judge, and gave general satisfaction,
HUN. ROBERT T. PREWITT.
The subject of this sketch was a native of Bourbon county,
Kentucky, and was born in August. 1818. His father emigrated
to Howard county in 1824, and Robert, after getting his license,
entered upon the practice of the law al)out 181.T, at Fayette. Iji
1852, he was appointed circuit attorney of the .-rcdiid judicial dis-
trict. He became a meniljer of the coiHtitutional conveiUioii iu
252 msToiiv of HowArai and chaiutox counties.
1803. lie w;!'^ ;i man of noble impulses anJ of the highest inteir-
rity. He died in 1S73.
GijV. THOMAS };i.V.\OLDS
was also a Kentu'kian. ami was Ixiin in Bracken conntv in 17i'i.;_
He can)e to lllinijis in early lit'o, ami tilled tlie several ottiee? ot' cleik
of tlie hou>e of representative.-, sjieaker of the house, att(n'ne\"-
general, and judire of the supreme court. In 1829, he moved to
Fayette,. r\Iis~ouri, and \vas soon elected u member of the legislature
and then appointed a circuit judge. lu '1840, he was elected gov-
ernor of Missouri. In 1844, he died the death of a suicide from a
gun-shot wound, inflicted by his own hands. His mind was as clear
as aViell. and his power of analysis very great.
GEX. KOBERT WILSON.
In November, 1796, near .Staunton, Augusta county, Virginia.
General Robert Wilson was born. In the spring of 1820 lie located
at Old Franklin. After the removal of the county .seat of Howard
county to Fayette he located there. He was appointed probate judire
in 1823, of Howard county. About 1828, he was appointed clerk of
the circuit and county courts of Randolph county. Was appointed
brigadier-general of militia in 1838. He was a member of the le^ds-
lature in 1844-4.5. and soon after of the state senate. Was a mem-
ber of the constitutional convention in 1861, and a nicmber of the
United States senate in 1862. He died in 1877, in California.
GENEKAL .JOHN B. CLARK, 8R.
Among the many distinguished protessional men who came to
Howard county at an early- day was General John B. Clark, »8'r., who
still survives at his home in Fayette, at the advanced age of ei;;lnv
years. He was born in Madison county, Kentucky, in 1802, and came
with his father's family to Howard in 1818. He was appointed clerk
of the county court in 1823: elected captain of militia in 1823, colo-
nel in 1825 : participated in the Indian war in 1829 ; in the Black-
hawk war in 1832 ; twice wounded ; elected brigadier-general of
militia in 1830, major-general in 1836. In 1849, he was elected to
the legislature, and in 1854 elected to congress, whither he went for
three successive terms. Became brigadier-general in the Confederate
army in the war of 18G1 ; was a member of the Confederate states
}lISTORY OF JIOWAFlD AND ClIAKITOX COUNTIES. _.>■>
conu'i'cs? and senate-. The general, even now ( 188-3), possesses a
strong mind and a vigorous memory, and were it not for the fact tliat
lie is almost blind from disease of the eyes, he would lie a remarkalily
active man, notwithstanding his great age. During many years of
his eventful life he was one of the most ]n-ominent wliig politicians of
Missoui-i, and made, in l>e]ialf of his party, some of tlie ablest and
mo.>t aggressive campaigns that were ever made in the state. lie lias
affiliated with the Democratic party since 1854. As a lav;yer General
Clark was very successful and was always strong before a jur\'.
.JL'LXtE AVM. B. XAl'TOX.
Among tlie prominent men of Fayette was Judge W'm. B.
Napton. He was a native of New Jersey, where he was born about
the year 1810. Came to Fayette in 1833, and began the publication
of the Boone's Lick Democrat. He was soon afterwards appointed
attorney-general of the state, and about the year 1S40, was appointed
a judge of the supreme court. Judge Napton was a modest, unob-
trusive man, but made one of the best judges of the supreme court
the state has had. He died in 18.'^2.
PUESE-NT MEMBEUS OF TUE BAR.
J. H. Eobertson, A. J. Herndon,
John B. Clark, Jr., John C. Herndon,
Samuel C. ^lajor, W. C. Arline,
Leland Wright, Robert C. Clark.
John J. Hawkins, resides at Glasgow.
John V. Turner, resides at Glasgow.
Thomas Shackelford, resides at Glasgow.
R. B. Caples, resides at Glasgow.
CRIMINAL RECOUD.
Considering the fact that Howard county has been organized for
the period of sixty-seven years, one would naturally suppose that the
number of crimes committed within its borders would be larcre,
especially during the first thirty years of its existence ; but such is not
the case. Upon the contrary crimes have been fewer in number than
in almost any other county in the state, in proportion to the popula-
tion and the age of the county.
GENERAL IGNATIUS P. OWEN.
The first important criminal case that was tried at Fayette, wa-
18
:-■'! Hl.>TOi;V OF IIOWAKU AND CliAUITOX COUNTIES.
t'ulitlod Ihe "State of Missouri against J<isc]ih Oasis," who ivilled
General Ignatius P. Owen in tlio fall of 18o5.
Davis was a. ji'.wver of some eminence, and afterwanU- tilled
several important ofKcial positions in Howard count}'. General (.)wL'n
had commanded the militia in the early history of the county, and
had been honored with the title of lirigadier g'eneral. At tiie time
lie was killed, he was the proprietor of a hotel which stood upion the
corner now oceu})ied hv the Inisiness house, of Bonghner, Tolson i^
Smith. Davi-^ liad a law otlicc on the same side of the street, south-
east of the hotel, wljich was located where the millinery store of Mrs.
Jasper is now situated. Owen and Davis had quarreled, and each
entertained for the otlier very liitter feelings ; the former had been
especially violent and denunciatory. Davi?. (known as Colonel due
Davis) was sitting in his ofBce, as already stated, in the
fall of 1S35. It was nearly noon. General Owen came to
the door of the office and spoke in threatening language to
the colonel, intimating that he would take his life when he
attempted to leave his office. Colonel Davis told the general, in
a quiet way, that if he did not leave, lie would kill him. Owen, how-
ever, remained, continuing to aljuse Davis, until the latter was ready
to go to his dmner. Davis having, in the meantime, had hi- gun
(a ritle) brought to him, raised it, and tocd-c deliberate aim at Owen,
killing him almost instantly. Owen, physically, was a much larger
man than Davis. The latter was acquitted. Davis was said to have
been one of the linest shots in the country, and so skilled was he, in
the use of hi- ritle, that he could as often drive the centre at sixty
paces as the most sturdy and experienced hunter.
WASHINGTON HILL AND DAVID CJATES.
The above named persons, were slaves, the former being the
property of Judge C. C. P. Hill, and the latter, the propertv of
Daniel Gates.
In the spring of 18-37, there lived a family of three blind lirothers.
within a few miles of Fayette. They earned their living by making
chairs, which were prized more on account of their durability, than
for their neatness of stvle and construction. These men were the
owners of real estate, and sold a piece of land, from which they had
realized a small sum of money. The day after the sale, the negroes
went to the'ir house, for the [lurpose of getting the money, and intiieir
eftbrts to accomplish their hellish design, they killed one of the
brothers.
IlISTOKY OF HOWAIM) AND CHAiriTCiN' COUNTIKS. 2.i->
For this tlicv were avi-ested and ti'iud at the June tcnn of the
court in 1837, found guilty and condemned to he imn^i-, and were ac-
<-ordinglv executed, being the first persons ever hung in pursuance of
a sentence of hnv in Howard county. The phice of the execution,
was a pasture north of Fayette, which-was then the property of Gray
Bynum. Here stood a h\rge oak tree, from one of the limbs of
which, they were suspended, thus paying the penalty for their crime.
PRICE KILLED ALLEN HUKTON.
John K. Price was the brother of General Sterling Price ; ho
resided in Fayette and had been keeping hotel for several years at the
period we mention ( 1838), and was. at that time operating a hotel at tlie
east corner of the jniblic square. Price was generally respected as a
quiet, law-abiding citizen, and being a lame man, he never engaged in
personal encounters. Allen Burton was an otlensive braggart, and
when drinking, an overbearing, violent and abusive man.
Burton went to Price's house one evening, about supper tune, and
began to curse and upbraid him in an outrageous manner. Piice tola
him not to attempt to enter his house. Burton, however, disregarded
any and all warnings, started in, when Price shot and killed him. The
sympathy of the people was all on the side of Price. He was arrested,
tried and acquitted, and when the verdict of " not guilty," was an-
nounced iu the court-room, there was the wildest excitement among
the large number of interested spectators, who had Ijeen present dur-
ing the progress of the trial. The demonstrations of rejoicing were
so great and continued, that tlie judge threatened to sen.d the parties
making the disturbance to jail.
LUCKY KILLED SAFFAEANS.
In the spring of 18.'i8, Fnoch Lucky killed Eiifus Saflarans.
Lucky was a man well advanced in years, but strong and active
for one of his age. Satfarans was young and stalwart, and physi-
ealh' was said to be the equal of any man in the county. Both
men frequented saloons when in Fayette, and had had one or two
altercations when discussing their strength of limb and achieve-
ments as " fighters." On the day of tlie trau'ed}- they had been
drinking, and nu't in a saloon, when Salf'arans took a walking cane
from Lucky and beat him over the head and iiody, l)ruising him l)adly.
On the night succeeding that day, Lucky prepared iiim-elf with a
-liot-gun, and took his po-ition on the west side of the public .-square.
^ecretimr himself in a narrow allev butu-een two hmiscs, about midway
256 HISTORY OF HOWAICD AM) ClIAIUTON COIXTIES.
the block, where he remained until near miilnight waiting ruul -w-atoh-
ing for Satl'arani, who passed that way in going to and returning
from the saloon, which was at that time located in the rear of Bell's
present (1883) grocery store.
The unfortunate victim, not knowing the terrible fate that was
awaitiuc hiiu. finally passed in front of the concealed man, who hailed
him and told him that he was going to kill him, and at the same
moment discharged his wea|)on, killing Saffarans upon the spot.
The trial of this case elicited great interest. Lucky was confined
in jail, where he remained for about a year before his trial took place,
which was conducted in the Christian church edifice (the present court-
house being: then in process of erection). The prisoner was finally
acquitted. John F. "Williams, prosecuting attorney, conducted the
case in behalf of the state. Colonel Joe Davis, Robert T. Prewitt,
John B. Clark, Jr., and A. J. llerndon appeared for defendant.
HAYS KILLED BROWN.
Ethelred J. Hays lived near the Chariton county line (Missouri),
and w.is a farmer. John W. Brown was a book-peddler and mer-
chant, residing in Glasgow, Howard county. In the year 1854, Hays
had business relations with Brown, and asked him to change for him
a fifty dollar bill. Hays was drinking at the time (he was in the
habit of takinir an occasional spree), but was considered a very honest
man. He charged Brown with having stolen his fifty dollars.
Brown sued him for slander, and with the consent of the
defendant and his attorneys. Brown was permitted to get a judgment
for costs. Havs was a malicious, revengful man, and being in front
of Brown's store afterwards, he took out his knife, remarking at tiie
time, " that he had sharpened it to kill Brown with." He went iiu'>
the store immediately from the pavement, and struck Brown on tiie
head with a spade, which he got in the store, cleaving his skull, which
caused instant death.
Hays was taken to Randolph county on a change of venue, where
he was tried and sentenced to be hung. General Sterling Price wa*
governor of the state at the time, and commuted his sentence to
imprisonment for life. After he had served a few years in the peni-
tentiary, Governor Robert M. Stewart pardoned him.
OLIVER PERRY' m'GEE KILLED THOS. J. WHITE.
This was a case brought from Macon county on a change of
venue, and was tried in 1852, at Fayette. Charles H.Hardin pros-
Ilt^TOUY OK HOWARD AND CHARITON COLNTIE?. 2.1 7
eciited, and Clark & Gilstrap defended. After an interesting trial the
prisoner-was cleared.
JOHN CHAPMAN'.
This was also a case transferred I'roui Boone county, in 1S.5S.
Chapman was indicted for killing , while he was plow-
ing in his field. John F. Williams prosecuted, and .Tames S. Rollins,
Odon Guitar and A. J. Herndon defended. Chapman was hung.
L. A. WILLOUGHBY SHOOTS AND KILLS U. L. COMSTOCK.
On Saturday, the 15th day of August, 1878, at a barbecue
twelve miles east of Fayette, L. A. Willoughb}' shot and killed R. L.
Conistock, a prominent and worthy citizen of the county.
Comstock, and his friend, a Mr. Davis, were conversim;, when
"Willoughby walked up to where they were. Davis put hi.? hand in a
friendly way on Willoughby's shoulder. Just as he did so Wil-
loughby drew back and asked Davis if he meant to collar Kim.
Davis told him that he only put his hand on his shoulder supposing
he was his friend, "^.v'hile this conversation was going on between
Davis and Willoughb}', Comstock very innocently put his hand in his
pocket; as soon as Willoughby, who, it is said, was under the influ-
ence of liquor, saw Comstock's baud in his pocket, said " TVhat do
you mean by fingering your pocket?" Conistock answered coolly,
that he did not think it was any of his business. Willoughby drew
his pi.stol and said : "I will show v'ou whether it is or not," at the
same time firing on him. The ball took efi'ect in the abdomen of
Comstock, who lived long enough to say, " Fni shot." "Willoughby
was afterwards captured and taken to Fayette, but the murdered
man's friends became so indignant that it was not thought prudent to
confine "Willoughby in Howard county ; he was, therefore, taken to
Cooper county and incarcerated. After being tried three times (hav-
ing been sentenced to the penitentiary at one time ten _vears), he
was finally cleared.
CHAPTER XJl.
THE PRESS.
Introductory Remarks of a Historical Character — Missouri Intelligencer — Western
Monitor — ^lif'Soarinn — Boone's Lick Times — Boone's Lick Deraocrnt- — Demo-
cratic ij(7««fr — lluvvard County Banna- — Howard County Advurttscr — Plonyh-
man — Inflependent — The Pilot — The Banner — Glasgow Times — Glasgow Xeios
— The Glasgow Journal — Central J!/mso«)-!"c/i — Armstrong Autograph.
The press, the great luminar}' of liberty, is the hundmuid of
progress. It heralds its doings and makes known its diseo\'eiies. It
is its advance courier, whose coining is eagerly looked for and \vho>e
arrival is hailed with joy, as it brings tidings of its latest acl;ieve-
nients. The pre^s prepares tlie way and calls nianki'.id to winiess the
apin-oaching procession of the trinmi)hal car of jirogrcss as it passes
on down through the vale of the future. Wlicn the car of progress
stops, the press will cease, and the intellectual and mental world will
go down in darkness. The press is progress, and progress the jiress.
So intimately are they related and their interests interwoven, that one
cannot exist without the other. Progress made no advancement
against the strong tides of ignorance and vice in the barbaric past
until it called to its aid the press. In it is found its greatest discovery,
its most valuable aid, and the true philosopher's stone.
The history of this great indu-tr}" dates back to the tifteeath cen-
tury. Its discovery and subsequent utility resulted from the follow-
ing causes and in the following iiiauner : Lanrcntius Coster, a native
of Haerlem, Holland, while rambling through the forest contiguous to
his native cit}", carved some letters on the bark of a birch tree. Drowsv
from the relaxation of a holiday, he wrapped his carvings in a piece
of paper and lay down to sleep. While men sleep progress moves,
and Coster awoke to discover a phenomenon, to him simple, strange
and suggestive. Dampened by the atmospheric moisture, the paper
wrapped about his handiwork had taken an impression from them, and
the surprised burgher saw on the paper an inverted image of what he
had engraved on the bark. The phenomenon was suggestive, because
it led to experiments that resulted in establishing a printing otSce,
the first of its kind in the old Dutcli town. In this office John Guttn-
(258)
ni>TOi:v OF n<j\\Ai:i) and chakiton couNni;s.
25i)
hurir served ,-i faitliful ami ajipreeintive appventicc^'aip, :iiul tVuni it, at
the death of liis master, absconded during! a Christmas festival, taking
with him a considerable portion of the t\'ne and appai'atiis. Guten-
luirg settled in Mentz, where he won the friendship and partnership of
John Faust, a man of sntfk-ient means to j^iace the enterprise on a se-
cure financial basis. Several years Liter the partnership was dissolved
because of a misunderstanding. Gutcnbnrg then formed a partner-
ship with a younger brother, u'ho liad set ui) an ofiice at Strasburir,
but had not been successful, and tiecoming involved in law suits, had
lied from that city to join his brother at ]\Ientz. These brothers were
the first to use metal types. Faust, after his dissolution with Guten-
burg, took into partner>liip Peter SclioetTer, his servant, and a most
ingenious printer. Sehoetfer privatclj' cut matrices for the whole al-
phabet. Faust was so pleased that he gave Schocfter his on!}' daughter
in marriage. These are the great names in the early history of print-
ing, and each is worthy of special honor.
Coster's discovery of wood blocks or plates, on which the page to
be printed were engraved, was made some time between 144(1 and
1450, and Schoctler's improvement — casting the tyjie by means of
matrices — was made about 14.5R. For a long time printing was de-
pendent upon most clumsy apparatus. The earliest press had a con-
trivance for lunning the forms under the point of pressvire by means
of a screw. AVhen the pressure was applied the screw was loosened,
the form withdrawn and the sheet removed. Improvements were
made upon these crude beginnings from time to time, until the hand
press now in use is a model of simplicity, durability and execution.
In 1814, steam was first supplied to cylinder presses by Frederick
Konig, a Saxou genius, luid the svibseriuent progress of steam print-
ing has been so remarkalile as to almost justify a belief in its ab-olute
perfection. Indeed, to appreciate the improvement in [presses alone,
one ought to be privileged to stand a while by the pressman who o[)-
erated the clumsy machine of Gutenberg, and then he should step
into one of the well-appointed modern printing otfices of our larger
cities, where he could notice the roll of dampened paper entering the
great power presses, a continuous sheet, and issuing therefrom as
newspapers, ready I'or the carrier or express. The Romans, in the
times of the emperors, had periodicals, notices of passing events,
compiled and distributed. These daily events were the newspapers of
that age. In 153t), the first newspaper of nu^dern times was issued at
Venice, but governmental bigotry compelled its circulation in manu-
script fcirm.
260 mSTOKY OF HOWAUU AND CHAHITON COCNTIES.
Ill IGGo, the I'aliUi: InteUic/enccr was published iu London, :uid
is credited with being the first English paper to attempt tlie dissemi-
nation of general information. The first American newspaper was
the Boston Nev:s-Lcttet\ whose first issue was made April 24, 1704.
It was a half-sheet, twelve inches by eight, with two columns to the
page. John Campbell, the postmaster, was the publisher. The
Boston Gazette made its first appearance December 21, ITiy, and the
American WeekJij, at Philadelphia, Deceniljcr 23, 171 [i. In 1770, the
number of newspapers published in the colonies was thirty-ses-en ; in
1828, the number had increased to eight hundred and fifty-two, and at
the present time not less than eight thousand newspapers are sup-
ported by our people. Journalism, i^y which is meant the compiling
of passing public events, for the purpose of making thein more gen-
erally known and instructive, has become a powerful educator. Ex-
perience has been its only school for special training, its only text for
study, its only test for theory. It is scarcely a profession, but is
.advancing rapidly toward that dignity. A distinct department of lit-
erature has been assigned to it. Great editors are writing autobiogra-
phies and formulating theii- methods and opinions ; historians are
rescuing from oldivion the evcry-day life of deceased journalists ; re-
prints of interviews with famous journalists, touching the different
phases of their profession, are deemed worthy of publication in book
form. Leading universities have contemplated the inauguration of
courses of study sjiecially designed to tjt men and women for the du-
ties of the newspaper sanctum. These innovations are not untimely,
since no other class of men are so pov.-erful for good or ill as editors.
More than any other class they form public opinion while expressing
it, for most men but echo the sentiments of favorite journalists.
Even statesmen, ministers and learned professors not unfrequently
get their best thoughts and ideas from tlie papers they read.
NEWSPAPER .VT (OLL>) FliAXKLIN.
On the 2.3d of April, 1819, Nathaniel Pattoii, and Benjamin Holli-
day, commenced the publication of the Missouri Intelligencer in (Old)
Franklin. The size of the sheet was 18x24 inches, and was printed
on what is known to the printers as the Ramage press, a wooden con-
trivance, with cast-iron bed, joints and platten, and which at this day,
is a great curiosity. About the year 1858, Col. Wm. F Switzler, of
Columbia, Mo., presented this press to the ?>Iercaiiti!c Liln-ary Associ-
ation of St. Louis. From April 23d, LSr.', to June 10, 1820, Na-
HISTOltY OF HOViARD ANn CHARITOX COUNTIES. 2G1
tbaiiiel Putton and Beiij.-iiriia Holliday were t!ie ptiMiilicr-;. (Mrs. E.
\V. McCliuinahaii, wlio now reside.s near ColuuiUui, Missouri, is a
daughter of Mr. Ilulliday. )
June 10, 1820, Mr. Pattou retired as publisiier, leaving Mr. Hol-
liday in cJiargc, who continued till July 23, 1^21. when John Payne,
a law_ver, became the editor. He was a native of Culpeper county,
Virginia, and died in Franklin, September 15, 1.S21, aged twenty-four
years.
September 4, 1821, Mr. Payne retired and Mr. Holliday again as-
sumed control.
From August 5, 1822, to April 17, 1824, Nathaniel Patton and
John T. Cle^ehind were tlie publishers. Mr. Cleveland died some
years ago at Austin, Texas.
April 17, 1824, Mr. Cleveland retired, leaving Mr. Patton sole
publisher, v.-hich position he continued to hold until the sale of the
paper by him to Mr. Fred A. Hamilton, December 12, 1835.
The last issue of the LdeJJigencer at Franklin. June K", 1826.
The paper was then moved to Fayette, the first paper appearine;
June 29, 1826.
July 0, 1827, John "Wilson, then a young lawyer in Fayette, v/as
announced as editor, which position he held till July 2':>, 1828. ]Mr.
\\'ilson died in San Francisco, C;difornia, February 2, 1877, a£ced
eighty-seven years.
April 9, 1830, last issue of the IntelUgencer at Fayette.
May 4, 1830, first issue of the Intelligencer at Columbia, Mis-
souri.
December 5, 1835, last issue of the InfeUigencer at Columbia.
Near the close of the year 1835, it became k'nown that Mr. Pat-
ton, owing to failing health, intended to dispose of the Intelligencer
otfice, and as the presidential and state elections of the following
year -were approaching, the possession of the paper became an object
of interest to the politicians and the people. Both parties wanted it,
and the Democrats under the leadership of Austin A. King, then a
lawyer resident of Columbia, Dr. "William H. Duncan, Dr. Alexander
M. Robinson and others of Columbia, made some etibrts to secure the
ofEce. "While negotiations to this end were pending, Pobert S. Barr,
Oliver Parker, William Cornelius, "Warren "Woodson, Moses U. Payne,
A. W. Turner, Joseph B. Howard, John B. Gordon, Sinclair Kirtley,
David and Roger N. Todd. Dr. William Jewell, James S. Rollins,
Thomas Miller and possibly other whigs, raised the monev and pur-
chased the press and the materials, with the understanding that Fred-
262 iiisTOr;Y of howakd and ciiariton counties.
erick A. ILiniilton, a pi-:iinii.'a! piinter, slioiild take charge of the }iu!i-
licution, and RolHns and Miller, then two young lawyers of Columijia,
the editorial conduct of the paper, the name of which was changed lo
Patriot, December 12, 1835.
The InteUir/eiicer was the first ucw.spapcr published west of St.
Louis.
The next paper published in Howard comity was the Western
JJonitor. This was commenced in Fayette in August, 1S27, liy
Weston F.' Birch, who continued it until about 1837, when he retired,
and was succeeded Ity his brother, Colonel Jiimes H. Birch, who
chaniicd t!ic name of the paper to the Jlissotcriaii. After running the
Jlissouruin for aljijut three years, he disposed of it to Clark H. Green,
who changed the name to the Boone's Lick Times. The Monitor, the
Missourian, and the Boone's Lick Times,weve all wdiig ]iapers,the7'm'?.?
beinj:: the last whig paper that was published in Fayette. Almost sim-
ultaneously with the Times, was established the Boone's Lick Demo-
crat, which was edited l)y Judge William Napton, and afterwards by
Judge William A. Hall, wlio ran it until about 1844. The Times wa<
finally taken to Glasgow, where it was published until about the year
1861.
The Democratic Ba.nner was published in 18i)8, by J. H. Robert-
son, who remaip.ed editor and pnldisher till 1872, at which time he
disposed of hi^ interest to Connedy i.'t Kingsbury. I'he press was
sold for delit in 187.5, when the paper was discontinued.
The Howard County i?«?ine;' was moved from Glasgow, ^Missouri,
in 18.33, Ijy E. C. Hancock, who purchased the office from W. B.
Twombly. It was published by Lelaud Wright a short time after-
^^•ards ; then again 'by E. C. Hancock. In 1858, Hancock sold to
Randall & Jackson, who contiuueil the [inblication of the paper until
the breaking out of the civil war, when the publishers entered the
Confederate army. During their absence the otfice was seized and
sold, ;uid passed into the hands of \. X. Houck, who changed the
name of the paper to tlio Howard County Advertiser. Houck i.*c
Jackson purchased the paper from Randall. Randall sold out to
Houck in 1861 and entered the southern army. ]\Ir. Houck contin-
ued to publish the paper until the summer of 18i.i4r, when he ^vent to
Illinois, where he remained until April, 1865. In June of that year,
he returned to Fayette, where he soon thereafter resumed the publi-
cation of the Adrertiser. In 1868, he sold a half interest to General
John B. Clark, Jr., and the paper was published imder the firm name
of Houck c'i Clark tor aiiout ten months, when Houck sold his inter-
IIlSTlM.'Y Oi- HOWAKD AND CHARITON COLNTIKS. 2lio
fit to Cl:irk. In 1871, Houck ngaiii purchasod the Advi'rlixcr, which
uas continued until December, 1872, when it was sokl, and becam(>
the property oi' its present owner, Chark's J. AVakkjn. On tlie 13th
of July, 188'2, the entire otEce was consumed b_\- fife, nothing l)eing
saved except the tiles I'or the past five years and the subscription
book. The pajjer ap.pcaretl regularly, however, without missing an
is-ue. It was printed at the Loonville Advertiser otEce until new
material and machinery could be bought and [)ut in.
In the spring of 1874, Houck & Frederick started a paper in the
interest of the Patrons of Husltandry called the PJougliraan. It was
printed a short time, when Houck purchased the interest of Frederick
and continued the publication seveu months, when he sold the paper.
In September, 1879, llouck & Butler commenced the publica-
tion of the Fayette, Missouri, Independent, which was run a year under
the firm name of Houck & Butlei-. when the latter sold his interest to
Houck, who published it until July 13, 1882, when it was destroyed
by fire. ^Ir. Houck, however, nothing daunted, recommenced the
publication of the Independent the following September.
Hardly had the town started on its way in the race to commei-
cial prosperity before the printing press was put in motion.
The first newspaper was the Pilot, and published by J. T. Ques-
enbury prior to the year 1840. This paper was afterwards published
by dillerent parties, among whom were Dr. John H. Blue and James
A. DeCourcy.
The Banner, T. W. Twombly, editor, was among the first papers.
The Glasgow Times was run by Clark H. Green for a number
of years, and until 18()1.
The Glasgow- Xeics was published by "W .alter B. Foster.
The Glasgow Journal was established in 18G8 by General Lucien
J. Eastin, who, with his sons, continued the publication of the same
until 1881, when Colonel H. W. Cockerill purchased the paper, and
has since run it.
The Central Jlissourian began its existence in 1879, the fir>t
number being issued July 31, by Yeaman & Bowen, who were suc-
ceeded byBowen &Ent}el, who are the present (1883) proprietors.
The Armstrong Antoyraph, published at Armstrong, Prairie
township, was started in January, 1883, by Dentith & Ferlet.
CHAP TEE Xni.
MEXICAN' WAK — CALIFORNIA KllIGRANTS OF Isl9-o0— THE
WAR OF isei.
Howard County upon the Eve of the Civil "War —Union Meeting: at Faj-ptte — Ladies' Union
Meeting at Faj-ette — Eloquent Address by Hiss Jane Lewis — Howard County during
the War — Confederate Soldiers, Officers and Privates — Howard County ililitia — Col-
ored Recruits — Sale of Slaves ^ Colored Recruits from Howard County — Attack on
Fayette — Affair uear New Franklin — Ca-on's Attack on Two Steamboats — An Act of
Brutality — Capture of General Tbos. J. Bartholow — Battle at Glasgow — Incidents
of the Battle — Quantrell — Kobberv — Mass Meeting after the War — Unconditional
Union Convention — Result of the Election.
MEXICAN WAR.
We have elsewhere stated in this work, that tjic Mexictiu war
began in May, 1SH>, and that during the niiilule of that month, Gov-
ernor Edwards, of Missouri, called for volunteers to join the "Army
of the West " — in an expedition to Santa Fe. The full compknient
of companies to compose the first regiment vras raised from Jackson,
Lafayette, Clay, Saline, Franklin, Cole, Howard and Callaway coun-
ties. The volunteers from Howard county, were made np of excel-
lent men — men who proved themselves to be good soldiers, u number
of whom had already seen military service in the Black Hawk and
Florida wars. The tirst company from Howard was comi)osed of the
followmg persons : —
Captain — Joel W. Hughes.
Lieutenant — Samuel G. Ward.
Seriieants— F. Ritchie, R. Powell, J. W. Hall and S. C. Wolfs-
kill.
CorponUs — J. W. Rollins, AValdo Lewis, J. Mahone and AVm.
Sterns.
PRIVATES.
H,
, H. Huirhes,
T.
T. Gibbs,
J a
cob Schmidt,
J.
W. Cruse,
E.
W. Diiri::s,
C.
H. Mead,
T.
Robinson,
Z.
W. Eikin,
L. Sterns,
J. Love,
J. Jones,
J. Campbell,
W. Newconib,
J. Wilson,
J. Tucker,
J. McKeehan,
(264)
HISTORY OF HOWAKl) AND CIIARITOX COUNTIES. 2tj5
E. Burton, H. Turner,
J. li. White, T. S. Douohoc,
I-:. Casev, L. P. Collins,
Wm. :McCord, J. Wilds,
T. J. B:isye, J. C. Bockct,
B. AVilson, J. Embree,
A.J. Sims, W. M. Scott,
T. W. Cawthorn, J. Cravens,
J. B. Eeid, H. Hnlitt,
W. W. White, J. Quiinbv,
J. M. Dutl", J. McCord,
Benjamin Halstead, A. Wilson,
W. P. Adams, W. T. Wilson,
J. B. Blvthe, J. Odell.
T. Child's, . A. Rice.
W. J. Peecher,
SECOND COMPANY.
Captain— William A. Hall.
Lieutenant — E. L. Coleman.
Ensign — T. J. Bartholow.
Sergeants — Hardin A. Wilson, James A. Douglass, James Kunkle
and Jolm H. Jackson.
Corj>oials — James Marley, S.J. Craig, W. P. Miles and Wil-
liam B. Wilson.
PRIVATES .
Isaac J. Burnam, A. S. lycvcridfre,
J. D. Patton, W, Peachcr, ""
J. Frav, F. J. Tramil,
J. W.Crais, J. L. Harrv,
J. S. Williams, J. McLin,'
G. F. Ilackley, W. Coolv,
A. G. Ellis. " D. Hooton,
John J. Hacklev, H. Ford,
W. Thorp, " R. Grant,
W. H. Leverid£:e, A. G. Mansfield,
J. J. Greer, ^ D. A. Watertield,
J. L)'nch, L. W. Sweetnam,
J. E.Corbit, R. Kirby,
E. K. Atterburv, J. B. Alexander,
W. W. Avres, ' R. C. Hancock,
W. McDonald, " S. G. Bailey,
J. W. Collins, H. Bvnum,
W. G. Quim, W. H. Martin,
S. Swetnam, J. S. Brnndc<re, \
2t)i; UISTOKY OF HOWAKD AND CHAKITON COUNTIES.
G. W. Ihukley, W. S. Clack,
W. II. Siinoiuls, C. J. Munav,
J. F. Hackley, Jr., C. \V. Pendleton,
T. 'l'lKir[i. W. Montgdineiy,
.). l\evnolds, E. jMontgoinerv.
T. Wright,
I'he volunteers embarked at Glasgow, on tlie 25th day of Mav,
18-4ii, on the steamer Wapello, for Fort Leavenworth, Kansas.
After the arrival of all the volunteers ul that place, from Missouri, an
election was held, which resulted in the choice of Alexander W. Doni-
phan, colonel ; C. F. Ruff, lieutenant-colonel, and William Gilpin,
major.
rUPLlC MEETINGS.
In June, 1847, after the volunteers had been gone about one
year from Floward county, public meetings were held at Favette and
Glasgow to make arrangements for giving a proper reception to the
returned volunteers from Jlexico.
The committee (at Fayette) of arrangements consisted of A. W.
Morrison, C. H. Green, A. J. Hcrndon, J. Hcadrick, B. "Watt-, L.
Crigler, R. L. Coleman, C. C. P. Hill, C. F. Jackson, William Buster,
J. C. Hackley, S. Brown, John C. Ross, R. W. Boggs, James Cooper
and others.
The committee on reception at Glasgow was composed of Jes^e
Haston, Thomas Peery, Richard Dickon, Richard Earickson, L. S.
Eddins, Thomas Shackelford, May B. Collins, J. C. Thomson,
William F. Dunnica and others.
The reception at Fayettee occurred Jul}' 23d. Early in the
morning of that day, a salute of thirtecu guns was fired from one of
the cannons captured at the battle of Sacramento, by the Howard
county soldiers. William A. Hall welcomed the volunteers in an elo-
quent speech. Joseph PuUiam served as host at the dinner table.
The Glasgow l)rass band was present, and discoursed some excellent
music.
The reception took place at Glasgow, on Thursday, July Sth,
1847. Hon. Thomas Shackelford made the address of welcome.
Major Gilpiu and Governor C. F. Jackson also .addressed the meetino-.
CAEIFORN'IA E.-MIGEANTS OF 18411-50.
" The plague of fcold .strikes fir and ue^ir —
And deep and ^troiis; it enters:
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHAKITOX CTjr.NTtF.S. I'tw
Our thought.- grow dark, our uonls grow ■^trant'e.
We cheer the pale gold digsers;
Each soul is worth fo much on chauge,
And marked like sheep with tigiires."
No doubt the desire for f^old has been tlie mainspring of all pro-
gress and enterprise in the county, from the beginning till the
])resent time, and will so continue till remote ages. Generally, how-
ever, this desire has been manifested' in the usual a^'enues of thrit't,
induatrj' and enterprise. On one occasion it passed the bounds of
reason and assumed the character of a mania.
The gold mania first broke out in the fall of 1848, when stories
iiegan to be spread abroad of the wouderi'ul richness of the placer
mines in California. The excitement grew daily, feeding on the
marvellous reports that came from the Pacitic slope, and nothing was
talked of but the achievements of gold diggers. Tlie papers were re-
plete with the most extravagant stories, and yet the excitement was
so great that the gravest and most incredulous men were smitten
with the contagion, and hurriedl_v left their homes and all that was dear
to them on earth, to try the dangers, difficulties and uncertainties of
hunting gold. Day after da}', and month after month, were the
papers filled with glowing accounts of California.
Instead of d^ing out, the fever mounted higher and. higher. It
was too late in the fall to cross the plains, Imt thousands of people in
Missouri began their preparations for starting in the following spring,
and among the numlter were many from Howard county. The one
great subject of discussion about the firesides that winter (18iS), was
the gold of California. It is said at one time the majority of the
able-bodied men of the county were unsettled in mind, and were con-
templating going to California. Even the most thoughtful and sober-
minded, found it difficult to resist the infection.
Wonderful sights were seen when this emigration passed through —
sights that may never lie seen again in Howard county. Some of
tlie emigrant wagons were drawn by cows ; other gold hunters went on
foot and hauled their worldly goods in hand-carts. The gold hunters
generally left the moralities of life behind them, and were infested
^vith a spirit of disorder and demoralization. The settlers bi'eathed
easier when they passed. Early in the spring of 1849, the rush began.
It must have been a scene to 'oeggar all description. There was one
continuous line of wagons from east to west as far as the eye could
reach, moving steadily westward, and, like a cyclone, drawing in its
course cm the right and left, many of those along its pathway. Tb.e
268 histoi:y«of }iowa):d and ciiakitox counties.
gold hunters of Howard crowded eagerly into the gaps in the wagon-
traiiis, bidding farewell to their nearest and dearest friends, many of
them never to be seen again on earth. Sadder farewells were never
spoken. Many of the emigrants left their quiet and peaceful homes,
only to find in the " Far West" utter disappointment and death. At
the time of the treaty of Gaudahupe TJidaJgo, the population of
California did not exceed tliirt}' thousand, while at the time of which
we write there were more than three hundred and fifty thousand peo-
ple, \\-\\o had found their way thither, fully one hundred thousand of
these being gold hunters from the states.
The evil effects of this gold mania upon the moral status of the
United States arc still seen and felt, and in all classes of society. It
has popularized the worship of Mammon to an alarming e.\tent, and
to this worship, in a great measure, is attributed the moral declension
of to-da3'.
Among the scores of men v»'ho went to California from Howard
county, we record tlie names of the following: —
Sashall Bynum, John Dunn,
E. K. Atterbury, James Douglass,
Paul Shirley, General John Wilson and family,
George Douglass, William McDonald,
William Davis. James Sanders,
Joseph ^\'. Pulliam, James Crew's,
William Pulliam, Lycurgus Crews,
James Hill, William Stapleton,
General John B. Clark, Jr., John Lowerv,
Wesley Hill, Jack Wilcox,
John L. Morrison, Jet}" Wilcox,
William Morrison, " Big'" Jim Hill,
John lM-)gg5, Andrew AYilhoit,
Colonel John "\Mlliams, William Martin and brother,
John P. Musler, Hampton McCauley,
Henry Thrager, George Waitl,
Atler, . Eobert Hughes
Pleasant Wilson, R. M. Patrick,
William Wilson, Garrison Patrick,
James Wilson, , Weston F. Birch,
Clay Wilson, Thomas Birch, Sr.,
Frank Brandus, Dr. Parrish,
Barnet Fernish, Jacob Headrick,
Joel Fernish, Bradford Pulliam,
William Burris, Garret Tatum,
Charles Burris, Stephen Wethers,
Perry O 'Neul, Josiah Tindall,
Zack Benson, James Tindall,
HISTOin' OF HOWATID AND CIIAIUTOX COUXTIKS. 2G1(
Keul)eu Basket, James Tolsou,
Ko'iert Payne , Jumcs ^Morrison,
IleiUT PA'lUlm, John Kring,
Warren Adams, Morrison Iluuhs,
Humphrey Cooper, Eobert Lynoli,
Luther Cooper, Surapter Lynch,
Stephen Hancock,- Frank Bockct,
Nathaniel Arlien, Jacob Grecnabaum,
John Mahone, - Kobert Bohanan,
Brand, Allen Eaines,
John Crigler, John Slielton,
Janies Hanna, Cale Wilcox.
Of course there were many others who went to California from
Howard count}', but after making diligent inquiry we failed to get
their names.
UOWARD COUXTV T'PON' THE EVE OF THE CTVIL WAR.
A com|dete history of what was said and done in Howard count}'.
just preceding the groat civil war, which swept over our country like
a besom of destruction, would til! a large book. Of course, we have
neither the time nor space to devote to such a ^v•ork. Even if we had
and were inclined to write it, we should doubt tlie propriety of doiiiir
so. One of the oldest andmost highly esteemedcitizeus of tlie coun.ty.
when questioned upon this subject said : " Better let bygones be by-
gones," and so we think.
There were, however, some things that transpired upon the eve
of that gigantic struggle wiiicii were quite significant of the character
of the spirit and temper of the ])eople, and of these sve shall brietly
-peak.
UXION MEETING IX FAYETTE.
The citizens of Howard county, or at least a large number of
them, met in the court-house on the tiiird day of December, LS60, to
consult in reference to the welfare of the county. The Glasgow
WteJJy Times gives an account of that meeting as follows : —
On motion of R. T. Breu'llt, the meeting was organized by the
'■lection of tiie following gentlemen : —
Pi-fsi'lent — Hon. Al)iel Leonan!,
ly
270. HI^TORy OF HOWARD AND CHAKITON COUNTIES.
Vice-Pn.fiJeit/.s.
W. M. J;lck^o^, M. A. Taylor,
Rieliard Kai'ickson, F. E. Williams,
Josepli Diivii, William Paviio,
Richard Pattoa, S. C. Major.
L. S. Eddins, JolmM. Rivett,
Joseph Cooper, Owen Rawlins,
Riee I'atterson, Bird Deatherage,
Jetf'erson Payne, A. W. Lee,
Junies R. Estill, Girard Rohinson,
David Peeler, J. F. Finks,
Dr. J. C. Heberiin. W. D. Swinney,
John C. Woods.
Secretaries.
A. E. Randall, Dr. W. C. Boon.
On motion of A. J. Herndon, a committee of sixteen was ap-
pointed to draft resolutions exi)ressive of the sense of the meetiiii:.
The chair ajjpoiiited the following gentlemen on said committee :
A. J. Hern.lon, J. M. Marmaduke,
Benjamin J. Payne, N. G. Elliott,
J. F. Williams, John P. Sebree,
C. H. Green, ^Y . P. Jackson,
Thomas Shackelford, S. E. Graves,
James S. Thomson, J. F. Hughes,
Andrew Cooper, James Simms,
S. T. Hughes, R. T. Prewitt.
On motion of N. G. Elliott, an additional committeeman from
each township was added to the above list, viz :
Richmond township, Neriah Todd.
Chariton t^nvuship, M. B. Ciillins.
Bonne Femme township, J. Hockersmith.
Prairie township, Joseph B. Bra.dford.
Boone's Lick township, William ]\L Burton.
Franklin township, R. H. Robinson.
Moniteau township, John AValker.
During the i)rogress of t!)e meeting, and in the absence of the
committee, the citizens present were ably and eloquently addressed by
Judge A. Leonard, of Howard county, Judge William A. Hall, of
Randolph county, and ^lajor James S. Rollins, of Boone county.
The committee on resolutions made the following report : —
Resolved. \. That the election to the presidency of any persor..
constitutionally eligible to that office, according to the forms of tiie
constitution, i-^ no cause for disunion.
2. That we regard the election of Abraham Lincoln as a triumph
of sectionalism over nati(jnalisni — of fanaticism over patriotism : but
HISTORY or ilOWAfU) AND CHAIUTON COLNTIEj. 271
while we have in the noi'thcni states a inillion and a half of patriot:!.,:
frcomeii, voting aiul liattlinjr with us tor our country, v.e will not dis-
pair of the republic.
3. That re*i:^tance to the tugitive slave law by the people, and
virtual nullification of its provisions by the legislature of the
states of the north, are an actual grievance of which we have a right
to complain, as illegal, unconstitutional, and unfi-iendly to us: liutwe
believe that the proper remedy is not to dissolve the union and tiglit
against the constitution, but to stand bv the union and maintain tlic
constitution and enforcement of the laws.
4. That we have a majority of both houses of congress with us,
who can and ought to require and compel the strict enforcement of
the fugitive .slave law, and all other legally enacted laws of the United
States, no matter what the cost.
•5. That the proposed resignation of southern congressmen at
this juncture, which may have the efl'ect of giving the republicans a
majority in congress, would lie an injudicious and improper desertion
of their fi-ieuds.
G. That our senators and representatives in congress are re-
quested to offer a resolution requii'ing the general government to
enforce the fugitive slave law with all the power of the government,
au-d pledging the congress to supply the mean>;.
Another monster union meeting was held in Fayette, in Feb-
ruary, 18i)l. At this meeting, Thomas Shackelford, of Glasgow,
received the nomination as a candidate to the convention at Jefferson
City.
I,.\DIES' UNION MEETING.
The ladies of Fayette held a union meeting at the court-house,
January' 29, LSiil, and unanimously adopted the following resolu-
tions : —
Resolved, 1- That the 100 ladies, whose names are here enroUetl,
do still love our country, our whole country, and our countr}"s con-
stitution ; and we feel that it is perfectly consistent with the char-
acter of refined, intelligent, and patriotic ladies to make a public
demonstration of our feelings in this time of peril to our country and
our liberties.
2. That as the most appropriate nuiuner of doing this, we \\ill,
with our hands, make a national liag, to be presented to the man who
shall be selected for a union representative from this county.
3. That on Momljiy night, February 4th, several gentlemen be
invited to address us, and upon that occasion, we will present our
fiag to the "union candidate, praying him in the name of our state,
and for the sake of that tiag, to do all in his power to keep ^lissouri
true to her allegiance to the union and the constitution.
Ou the evening of the 4th of February, the ]Methodi-t Epi-copaL
church Imilding, in Fayette, was crowded with an eager and intcre-^tcd
ii'i HIST01:V OF HOWAi;r) A\D CH.VniTON COUNTIES.
iiudience. Miss Juno Lewis had heeii im'ited to make the prcsonta-
tiou address, and as it is u most ajinropriate, ehxiuent, and patvintic
iiddiX'SS, we iiero present it : —
The time of danger is at hand. Our republic is shaken to the
centre. The American union, the standard-bearer in the onward
inarch of the nations, Iras paused in its sjilendid career! Our con-
stitution, the ablest work of uninspired moi'tal minds, is decried and
attacked. Our beloved country, our might}- and magnificent union,
is couvuUod liy a moral earthquake, wliich threatens to rend it
asunder, and leave it a hopeless ruin, a " by-word and a shaking of
the head to the nations." Our flag, our stainless banner of the stars
and stripes insulted I Yes ! torn down, trampled under foot, by tliose
who owe to its protection all the riglits of sovereign citizens ! Now,
indeed, the time has come when "man nmst rise and woman call to
God I" To man belongs the privilege of defending in the council
and on the field the houor of his country, and the rights of it~
citizens. "Woman can only \veep over the woes of iier native land,
pray to the Grcsit Kuler, iu whose hands are the destinies of all
nations, and trust, implicity trust, to the wise heads, the stronger
<irms, the tiraver hearts of her countrymen. The time of trial draws
near. A few days will decide whether IMissouri will throw otf her
allegiance to the federal union, violate her most solemn pledires, or
I'emaiu lo^'al to her own constitution, to the whole nation, to the
human race, to Almighty God I Missouri is iu the centre, the very
heart of the union. And our county, our noble old Howard, is the
heart of Missouri. Let that heart remain steadfast and true, and its
every thro1) shall be t'elt throughout its political body. And through
you, that heart mu-t Hud a voice. L then, in the name and in' the
autliority of my countrywomen of Fayette, whose names are recorded
on it, present to you, and through you to the citizens of Howard
county, this flag, made with our ovrn hands ; it is oll'ered from our
hearts. AVith it we couamit to your guardianship all that we hi>!d
most sacred. By all the hallowed associations clinging around this
spotless Iianuer of our country, we pray you, in the cominL' stru^ride
to stand fast to the cause of the union and the right. Through your
voice, let the heart of old Howard speak iu thrilling tones" to the
state, to the union, to the world ! In the hour of high and solemn
debate, remember us and our flag and all of which it is a symbol.
This flag knows no north, no south; the whole undivided, glorious
union is its own !
* • * * *» « » » « * *
Remember and vote for the union ! Eemember that disunion
means war, civil and servile war. Then l)y the thought of all of
war's tremendous horrors, by the thought of outraged women and
murdered children, burning homes, of a desolated country, of a rnim-d
race, save tlie union I Take, then, our flag, and with it take our
highest hopes, our heartfelt pr.ayers for the union. By the nieni<uv
of the day when its starry folds were first unrolled to the wind- of
HISTORY OF HOWAKO AND CHAIinOX COUNTIES. 1' « O
lieiiven, prochiiiniiig to the world that a nation was born, guard oui-
Hag ! By the memory of our ancestors, who stood by it tor seven
long years in many a hard fought field, in want, in cold, in pciti-
ience, in famine, guard our ilag I By the memory of the all cloudless
glory of Washington, ^vho, in death, left the union a sacred Itequest
in charge to his countrymen, guard our flag ! By the memory of
Bunker Hill, where haughty England first learned tluU American
arms were wielded b\' a nation's heart, guard our liag I By the
memory of Jackson and his heroic band, who saved the Crescent
City, guard our flag I By tlie memory of the unconquercd, the un-
conquerable hearts
"Who scorued to yield,
On Buena Vista's bloody fltild."
By the memory of those who sleep beneath the walls of Monterey,
guard our tlair 1 Theme of the poet! hope of the exile! refuge of
the oppressed ! signal of civilization and progress ! type and pledge
of the freedom and union of all lands! Go! flag of our country,
our whole countiy ! To faithful hands, to fearless hearts w-e commit
thee ! Once more unfurl thy radiant colore ! Let not one star grow
dim! Let noi one glowing tint grow pale! But, high above the
storms of faetiiin, trin.mphant over every unworthy strife, still tloat
on ! And, for ages to come, yes, to the eyes of all future generations
" The star-spungled banner in triumph shall wave,
O'er the land of the free, and the home of the brave."
There was a similar presentation of a flag at Glasgow on the
evening of the 6th of February, lSl)l,]\Iiss Bettie C.Jackson making
the presentation address.
Mr. Shackelford still has tiie flag (188.3).
Union sentiments continued to predominate in Howard county
until the surrender of Camp Jackson, after which time the people
began to change their view> in reference to the vrar which had been
inaugurated, and boldly avowed their determination to unite with their
brethern of the south in resisting coercion upon the part of the
government.
HOWARD COUNTY DLRINO THE WAR OF 18(31.
Compared to many other counties in [Missouri, Howard county
suffered but little during the war. The border counties sutl'ered the
most, especially those lying on the southwestern boundary, including
Jackson, Cass and Bates. These counties coming speciticuUy within
the jurisdiction of General Ewing's order No. 11, they were almo-t
wholly given nj) to pillage, and, in many localities, to the torch —
notably was this the case in Bates county, where but a few hou-os
were left standing at the close of the war. Xo large liatlles
were fouirht in Howard, nor were her citizens subjected to any
274 HISTOKV or HOWAUD and CHARITON COLXTIF.S.
very great privatioiis at the !iaml> of the soldiery from either artiiy,
nor ^yere they generally greatly molested by the robliers and cut-
throats wlu) took tlie advantage of the country's condition of war,
to indulge their thieving and murderous pro[)eusities.
COXFEDEliATE SOLDIERS, OFFICERS AND PRIVATES.
"We have no accurate means of knowing the number of men who
entered the Confederate army from Howard county. The number
could have not been less than l,.')()t.) men, from the beginning of the
war to its close. It is supposed from the best information that can
now be obtained, that I'etween 500 and TOO men joined General Sterling
Price v\-hile on his last raid through tliis portion of the state. These
soldiers were composed of all classes and ages, from men of three
score years to the mere stripling of fifteen. Probably not more than
one-third of the entire number who entered the aiiny remained until
its close, or did the dut}' of a soldier for any considerable length of
time.
"SYe have made every elTort that we coidd to get the names of
these soldiers, but failed, except as to a portion of them, whicli we
have classed under the heads of olllcers and privates.
COXFEDFKATE SOLDIERS.
Ofjicers.
John B. Clark, Sr., brig. -general ; Hugh Stewart, captain ;
John B. Clark, Jr., lirig. -general ; J. L. Calaway, lieutenant;
Stephen Cooper, colonel ; James H. Finks, major :
H. H. Hughes, major; William INIeriek, major:
G. H. AViilis, captain : II. Q. },Iartin, capta'in :
Robert H. Waldcn, 1st lieutenant ; Thomas Turner, captain :
William O. Keeblc, -Jd lieutenant ; Alje Hayter, lieutenant ;
Joseph Richards, lieutenant ; Frank Hargis, sergeant ;
Sid. B. Cunningham, ensign ; Garris Allen, lieutenant ;
C. D. H(dtzclaw, captain; William Todd, captain;
William Holtzclaw, lieutenant ; Eugene Todd, lieutenant ;
Jack Cooper, captain ; Thomas Todd, captain ;
John Cooper, lieutenant ; William B. Strode, captain ;
Congrieve Jackson, colonel : Calvin Sartin, lieutenant :
William F. Cunningham, captain ; ^Villiam C. Boon, surgeon ;
August Elgin, captain; Layton Manstield, lieutenant;
Tip. Elgin, lieutenant ; Virginia Leland, sergeant;
Benjamin Clark, lieutenant ; Thomas Howard, captain ;
Hays Farris, captain : James Chorn. captain;
James A. Walden, lieutenant; Samutd [Morrison, captain;
L. B. Cooper, lieutenant ; John M. Hiekey, captain ;
IlISTOUV OF IIO^\•A^D AND CHAKITOX COVSTiK!'
275
Jfiseph Green, cnptaiu :
B. M. McCraig, captain ;
John Rol)et'tson, lieutenant
James Cason, captain ;
C. B. Hariis,
Thomas B. Brooks,
Black Brown,
John Brown,
William Brown,
J. K. Moss,
Silas Moser,
Tip. Ditzler,
G. Settle,
F. G. Canole,
M. V. Sims,
Elijah Sims,
G. W. Knox,
Benjamin Ray,
James Ray,
Captain Brooks,
James Jordan,
G. H. Jordan,
Nick Jete]-,
"Wilton Robertson,
Xeriah Brashear,
V.'illiam W. Hancock,
Samuel Ray,
Uriah Breashear,
Alfred Gleary,
Oliver Bailey,
George Eaton,
John Turner,
E. W. Turner,
William Wilkerson,
N. B. Hughes,
Robert Ainsworth,
Parkinson Hooker,
James Hockcr,
William Hooker,
George Carson,
Stephen Carson,
James Todd,
James Richards,
William E. Waldeu,
Barl. Harris,
John Watkins,
Q. Cary, captain ;
George Sta'plcton, surgeon
Dr. McGirk, surgeon.
Privates.
Enoch Crews,
B. Scott,
John Kile,
Nero Thompson,
George Craie,
D. W. WhitU
John rhilli(.s.
Caleb Thornas,
John D. Craven,
Z. Yatos,
Given Johnson,
Thomas Farmer,
Robert Hughes,
Clint Calawar,
A. MeCraig."
Hardin Harris.
Mack. Wilcox,
John Holtzelaw.
Benjamin Holtzelaw.
James Holtzelaw,
Robert Bobbitt,
John Rossou,
Milton Elkin,
John Moore.
John A. Waldeu,
Sarshall Cooper,
C. J. Walden.
H. C. Tindall.
Charles Cunningham,
J. P. -McCraig,
Ezekiel Harris,
John Thnrman.
William H. Hardin.
James Colvin.
James Cooper,
Walter Cooper.
H. N. Kivctt,
Henry Wilkerson,
James Ashcraft,
C. S. Swearingen,
Joseph Swearingen ,
John H. Cooper,
276 JII^TOlii" OF HOWARD AXD CHAI'vITOX COUNTIES.
A. J. Howan.l. Tlioiiias Gibson,
Thomas P. Newman, Joshua Wi.siioni,
Thonuis AVoiilen, Frank Andor:?on,
Coleman MeCraig, John Pe}tnn,
Eichard PearcGr John 8. "fClliott,
Jolm liobeL'tson, George Haekley,
M. Cropp, " Patriek Allen,
Austin Jone^s, Jolm I). Taylor,
Strothcr Jones, Thomas Oi'eson,
O. Brown, James Creson,
A. Scrip, James !Muir,
To^wnseiul AVriirht, George Kirby,
Patrick Woods, George R. Klvhy,
Henry Heberling, David Wilson,
Turner Patterson, Alfred Yeager,
Turner Williams, JMorris Owens,
Dick Childers, Richard Enyard,
Shalen Ayers, Josejjh Croj'p,
Dick Jackson, Brown Chane-cUor,
Thomas Grider, William Haekley,
William Jones, William Finney,
Simpson Nelson, James Robertson,
Joshua Lakey, James Linn,
Abncr Nash, Oliver Rose,
Thomas Sliiold:^ John Embree,
Lafixyette Marcus, William Kirb}',
John Heberling, John Ki-ouse,
James C. Heberlins, David Yoairer,
J. P. Witt, . " John F. Tippett,
Joel Witt, Patrick O'Mely,
James R. Hickerson, ■ George Robb,
Henry Ditzler, Benjamin Cro[ip,
James Jackson, Abe Bobi)itt,
Claib. Carson, John Haekley,
James Bobbitt, Benjamin Ashbury,
John Garven, John Finnev,
William Boyd, W. B. INIiller,
Frank Dey, William Linn,
William Shields, George Mnir,
John A. Woods, Benjamin Endn-ee,
George Heberling. _ Frank Kirby,
Alfred Silvey, J. M. Moore,
L. Silvey, A. F. Yeaiier,
Leroy Silvey, James Wiley,
James Silvey, . Press. Walls,
Joseph E. George, Robert Smith.
Dick Nichols, Jason Smith,
Joseph Jack-on, Alexander Dudgeon,
John Cooper. Logan Shipp,
niSTURY Of IIOV.'AUD AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
Joseph Todd,
A?:i Smith,
Hiu-vcy Ligjrett,
Jaspei- Stapp,
Milton Jacksou,
J(^SL'p!i Riisser,
J oil a Ridiiwtiy,
Thoiuas Embree,
John Eosebiirv,
F. M. Thorp,"
William E. Carson,
Jesse Spenee,
.John Gowe,
James Cani])bell,
Barney 1 Salle v.",
"\Villi:iin Kosher,
James Eii1i:'way,
John Cloyd,
"William Eosebury,
Ike Stanley,
Josei)li Peacher,
John Sjience.
John Gothnn,
AVilliam Watts,
INIartin Ballew,
Benjamin Shipp,
Henry Wills,
Eiley Boon,
Ed. Bowen,
John Cavens,
Peter Peacher,
Emmet Spenee,
Stephen Campbell,
Bud. Watt-,
Arch. Ballev.-,
Eol>ert Sliipp,
George Bobbitt,
John Boon,
Sock. Eobertson,
Dol. Minor,
William IMarkland,
Thomas Jordan,
Ambrose Callaway,
James Wilson,
George B. Tolson,
Strother McDonald,
William Carson,
James Burrows,
Joseph Boggs,
Hiram Shipp,
William Coleman,
Hamii. Boon,
Eobert Tinslev,
Et. St. Clair,"
Luther Markland,
Len. Smith, -
Xeriah Todd,
Barney Dudgeon,
James Flemming,
John Taylor,
Mat. Sta'pp,
Newton Stapp,
H. B. Watts,
John T. Markland,
Charles Canole,
^\'illiam Smith,
John Dudireon,
Si. Todd,'"
Press. Smith,
Ike Taylor,
AVilliam Stapp,
George Fisher,
Samuel Eosser,
Gus. Sears,
James Grigsbv,
W. W. Ch)yd,
Thomas Warren,
Thomas Croley,
George Chorn,
Ed. Eame\%
Dick Crews,
George Carter,
Zvloses Ashbury,
Alarion Forest,
William Harris,
Newton Swearingen,
Lewis Railey,
Ebenezer Eankin,
Asa Thompson,
Joseph Lakev,
Elliott Als.ip.
John C. Heath,
James Landram,
Obadiah Swearingen.
Samuel Hackly,
Samuel Hantin,
John Tl!om[ison,
Lewis Collier,
278 HISTOHY OF HOWARU AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
Theo. Stapleton, John Wheeler,
ILirvey Hudies, \V. B. McKinly,
Charles Boulder, James Glover,
Oscar Willis, Achilles Carson,
James Kaiiies, Ike Garvin,
Owen Chorn, William Burrows,
George Kamey, H. 11. Boggs,
George Maupin, George Whitlow,
Nick Ashbury, Jule Massey,
Harvey Vivion, Willis Mason,
Eichard Fristol, John Kcyser.
Roland Fisher,
HOWARD COUNTY .MILITIA.
The following are the names of the officers of the various militia
companies of Howard county :
Boonshoro Toicnship — W. .A.. Elkins. captain; G. A. Knox,
first lieutenant ; W. R. Quinly, second lieutenant.
Franklin Township — Hugh W. Stewart, captain; Charles
Canole, first lieutenant; N. Rollins, second lieutenant.
Moniteau Townsliip — George M. Pipes, captain; M. M. Basey,
first lieutenant; Zach. Crews, second lieutenant.
Bonne Femme Toivnfiltip — Platoon — J. N. Smith, first lieu-
tenant.
Prairie Toivnsiiip — W. S. Lynch, captain; W. A. Green, first
lieutenant; Thomas Montgomery, second lieutenant.
Chariton ToirJishAp — June Williams, captain; Martin Green,
first lieutenant; Peter Land, second lieutenant.
Bichiiiovd Township — James H. Feland, captain ; Joseph Peeler,
first lieutenant ; William Shafroth, second lieutenant.
Colored Companies. — liichmond and part of Bonne Femme, —
R. J. Fatten, captain : Woolmaa Gibson, first lieutenant ; A. M.
Fielding, second lieutenant. ^
Moniteau and part of Bonne Femme — No officers.
Franklin and part of Boonsboro — No officers.
Chariton — -W. P. Etheridge, captain.
Prairie Platoon — John Quinn, first lieutenant.
COLOKKD RECRUITS.
The former owners of slaves, and their descendants in Howard
county, may feel some interest in looking over the list of negroes who
enlisted in the war of IS'U. The list does not contain the names of
all the slaves who entered the army from Howard county. The num-
HISTOr.T OF HOWARD AND CHARITOX COUNTIES. 279
l)pr enrolled and in the service (U. S. army) was 600: the whole
nuiubcr fit for niilitury duty was I'oO. This was in ISij-i. One of
the most remarkable facts coanected with tlie history of those times —
a fact showing the astonishing credulity of the people — was the belief
tint the institution of slavery would either remain intact, or that the
owners of slaves would be compensated for their loss. Notwithstand-
iiiLi: the enrollment of negroes was going on in their very presence,
where they could be seen drilling daily for service, they were bought
and sold as though the existence of the " peculiar institution" had
not been imperiled by the war. The sale of the following slaves took
jilace as late as January, 1864 ; they were tiwned by Philip ilobert-
son's estate, and were sold at t!ie court-house door in Fayette: —
Dick, aged 31 years, bought by David E. Hays, price Si 10. Bal-
timore, aged 25, by David Dennis, $100. Elizabeth, aged 13, by
Jos. Robb, $200. Caroline, aged 9, by A. J. Robertson, $174.50.
William, aged 11, by by Hiram Robertson. $211. Susan, aged 6, by
Wm. Shields, $78.85. Kitt, aged 3, by Jno. Maniou, $18.50.
COLORED RECRUITS FROM HOWARD COU-NTY.
Cyrus, owned by Elizabeth Hughes.
Turner, owned by John Burton.
Squire, owned by Frank William?.
George, owned by John H. Withers.
Sam, owned by Jlenrj- Knonse.
Joim, owned by Joseph Hockersmith.
Lewis, owned by A. W. Morrison.
Ben, owned by A. W. Morrison.
Henry, owned by Narcissus Suoddv.
OUie, owned by Wesley Green.
Cyrus, owned b_v Richard Earickson.
Harrison, owned by Wesley Green.
Walter, owned by Roxanna B. Hern.
George, owned b}' Roxanna B. Hern.
Samuel, owned by L. T. Patrick.
Henry, owned by Colonel John F. Williams.
William, owned by S. T. Crews.
Frederick, owned by Thos. C. Bos^s.
Howard, owned by Thos. C. Boggs.
Toby, owned by John Kirby.
Stephen, owned l>y Hampton Green.
Polk, owned by Wesly Green.
Oscar, owned by P. ^\'. Hawlev.
James, owned by W. P. Plawlev.
Baddies, owned l>y W. P. Hawiev.
Jacob, owned by P. W. Hawley.
280 HISTORY OF IIOW'AKI) AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
Edward, owiK-d by J. K. Estill.
Josejih, owned by estate of IJolaiid Hughes.
Frank, owned by Joe Swan Hughes.
Martin, owned 'ny J. H. Hughes.
Andrew, owned by John Blakcly.
Lowry, owned by J. K. Estill.
Olie, owned by J. R. Estill.
Dennis, owned by John Hickcrson.
Ben, owned by \Vm. Wighani.
Kobert, owned by James Ferguson.
Martin, owned by Thomas Knouse.
Jacob, owned by John Q. A. ]>ilib.
Benton, owned by Ira C. Darby.
AVilliara, owned by R. T. Preu'itt.
James, owned hy B. E<ldins.
Andrew, owned b}- S. T. Crews.
Robert, owned by James P. Beck.
Lewis, owned by J. P. Morrison.
William, owned by J. P. Morrison.
Martin, owned by J. \Y. A. Patterson.
Jackson, owned by L. D. Browii.
Jackson, owned by J. W. A. Patterson.
George, owned by Nancy Snell.
Santbrd, owned by Nancy Snell.
"William, owned by R. J. Payne.
William, owned by I. S. Brooks.
Booker, owned by Willoughby Williams.
James, owned by W. L. Reeves.
John, owned by estate of Johu A. Talbott.
Jeft", owned by W. L. Reeves.
Richard, owned by Benj. Reeves.
Samuel, owned by estate of J. Q. Hicks.
William, owned by Beaj. Reeves.
Mack, owned by Willoughby Williams.
Solomon, owned by Dr. Thomas Dinwiddle.
Merit, owned by Jetf Payne.
Alexander, owned by Hiram Robertson.
John, owned by estate of David Johnson.
Green, owned by John Embrce.
Reuben, owned by Mary Ann Cake.
Howard, owned by S. T. Crews.
Grundcrson, owned by Maiy Withers.
Henry, owned by T. H. Richards.
Jackson, owned by John Siioddy.
Ben, owned bv Sarah Barnes.
Jackson, owned by estate of William Brown.
Charles, owned by Ar.n Miller.
Lewis, owned by William Payne.
Daniel, owned bv estate of William Brown.
HISTORY OF liOWAItU AM) CEIAKITON COLXTIES. 281
Ctoorgc, owned bv Susan JaclvSdu.
Sam, owned by James liloans.
Benton, owned by James Meaiis.
Vrillis, owned by Samuel ^Nladdox.
Lewis, owned by W. P. Jackson.
Alfred, o^vned l>y Andrew Tolson.
llartlett, owned by Rice Patterson.
William, owned by John K. A\'lnte.
Adam, owned by John R. White.
Alfred, owned by John K. ^^'ilite.
Sam, owned by Jolm R. AMiite.
Andy, owned by John E. White.
Preston, owned by John R. AVhite.
Jacob, owned by John R. White.
Thomas, owned by "\V. B. Muir.
Perry, owned by Ira C. Darlty.
Charles, owned by Gideon W^right. ,
Shelliy, owned by FederalWalker.
Daniel, owned l.iy Federal Walker.
St. Andrew, owned by Federal Walker.
Chai'les, owned by Gerard Robinson.
William, owned by 'Wade ]M. Jackson.
James, owned l>y David Isaacs.
Ben, owned t)y David Isaacs.
Barny, owned by Mark Jaekmaii.
Charles, owned by L. S. Eddins.
Thomas, owned liy L. S. Eddins.
Judd, owned Ity L. S. Eddins.
Oliver, owned by ]M. G. Maupin.
Garland, owned by Ann Adams.
Jim, owned by Bainer Spotts.
Abraham, owned by estate of George P. Bass.
Thomas, owned by Mrs. Sallie Patton.
Jim, owned by Archie Woods.
Warreii, owned In' estate of A. Leonard.
Joseph, owned by A. Cooper.
Henry, owned by A. Cooper.
George, owneti by A. Cooper.
Robert, owned by Luther Cooper.
Lunzen, owned l)y C. E. Givens.
Isaac, owned by C. E. Givens.
Thomas, owned liy Stephen Mott.
Edmon, owned by C. E. Givens.
Jake, owned by estate of A. Leonard.
Anderson, owned by Jack Haden.
John, owned by Archibald Hill.
David, owned by G. W. Stapieton.
Harrison, owned by J. T. Carson.
Charles, owned 1)V Solomon Barnett.
282 HI^TOKV OF HOWARD AND CHARITO.V COUNTIES.
Antony, owned by Geoiire Harvey.
Ambrose, owned l)y G. F. St:ipleion.
John, owned by lr;i C. Darby.
Amos, owned by J-imes Perkins.
James, owned by G. W. Stapleton.
Aaron, owned by "Wm. Lunu'.
Jacob, owned !)y Mrs. J. Blytho.
Henry, owned by Closes Burton.
Adam, owned by estate ot F. E. Williams.
Mack, owned by Eliza Stapleton.
Lee, owned by James Procior.
Isaac, owned by estate of Wm. El^rin.
Georpe, owned by Thomas Dir.widdie.
Allin, owned by estate of F. E. Williams.
Ambrose, owned by H. Dudgeon.
Pleasant, ov.-ned by ]Mrs. .Sallie Patton.
Alex, owned by Jo Davis.
John, owned by Ben Keeves.
Charles, owned by J. H. Petty.
Sam, owned by B. W. Lewis.
William, owned by J. G. Long.
BATTLES AND INCIDENTS.
There were a few engagements, and one or two incidents that
occurred in Howard county during the war, that we deem of sufficient
importance to be chronicled in this history. We copy from ]SIajor
John N. Edwards' "Noted Guerillas."
ATTACK ox FAYETTE.
A long night march and a dark one, succeeded to the evening
of the fight, but by sunrise the next morning Todd had formed a
junction with Quantrell, Poole, Andei'son, Perkins and Thomas Todd,
these two last being Confederate officers. Aggregated, the force
numbered 277 rank and file, not a formidable force to do ell'ectively
the important work General Price required of it. Poole commanded
52 men; George Todd, 53; Anderson, 67: Quantrell, 10; Thomas
Todd, 42, and Perkin-. 47. All eyes were now turned towards Fayette,
the county seat of Howard county, eleven miles north of the ren-
dezvous, where 4i-'t.i Federal soldiers did garrison duty, strongly forti-
fied and capable of stout resistance. The command was first otlered
to Quantrell, but be refused it, next to Anderson who accepted.
Quantrell argued in the counsel against attacking Fayette, and voted
against it, as a piece of military folly. So did George T<xld ; but the
balance overbore them and decided to make the venture.
On the morning of September 20. 1864, the march toward-
Favette be<:an. Aniler-on moved first, Poole n.ext, Stuart next, and
lIISTOliY OF HOWAKli AND CIIAKITOX COUNTIES. 2So
Qiiantrell fourth. In the rear were George Todd, Perkins and Thomas
Todd. Fayette had a btroiig stockade on the iiortli a:r a defensive
work, and in the town itsell'hotb the court-house and a female academy
were strongh' fortillod. Anderson, Poole, and Quantrell were .to
ciiarire through Fayette and invest the stockade, while the two Todds
:nid Perkins were to look after the buildings on the inside of the cor-
poration. Tom Todd led the ailvance in the attack on the to\vn, as
Fayette was his home.
Fayette was readied about eleven o'clock and attacked furiously.
Anderson, Poole, and Quantrell dashed through the square, losing
some of their best men, and the two Todds and Perkins faced the two
fortified buildings, and did what was possible to be done — i)ear
breasts against brick and mortar. Sergeant Mc^Iurtr}', of George
Todd's company, fell first and close to the court-house fence. Oil
Tiiompson was mortalh- wounded, Perkins lost ten men in as many
minutes, Tom Todd seven, and Poole eight. Andei'son lost in killed,
Garrett, Cravens, Agon, Grosvcnor, and Newman Wade ; and in
wounded, Thomas ^laupin, Silas King, William Stone and Lawrence
Wilcox: Lieutenant Little, one of the oldest of QuantrelPs veteran's
was badly wounded. Every attack was repulsed botli upon the court-
house and the stockade, and the guerrillas retreated finally, but un-
pursued, with a loss of eighteen killed and forty-two wounded.
Richard Kinney and Jesse James volunteered to l)ring INlcMurtry out
from under the guns of the enemy, and they dashed in afoot, ami
succeeded safely amid a shower of balls. Quantrell, infuriated at a
loss of so man}- splendid fellows, fouglit with a recklessness unusual
with him. Leading in person three desperate assaults upon the
stockade, and wounded severely in the second assault, he would have
commanded a fourth if Poole and Anderson, convinced at last of the
uselessness of the sacrifice, had not shown the insanity oi' the effort
and argued him out of his reckless purpose. Many feats of individ-
ual and heroic daring were performed. Thomas Todd, his long red
lieard waving in the wind, and his black plume floating free where the
fight was the hottest, dashed up once to the main gate of the court-
house and emptied six chambers of a revolver into a door, from which
twenty muskets were protruding. Peyton Long, losing his horse
early in the fight, rushed desperately into a corral uiider cover of the
stockade, coolly chose the horse which suited him best, mounted him
bareback and galloped awaj' unhurt into his own ranks again. IL\rri-
son Trow, procuring from a citizen an excellent shot-gun, crept to a
sheltered place close to the academy and silenced one window of it by
the accuracy and rapidity of his fire. He v/as so cool ;ind so calm
always in danger, that his comrades called him " Iceberg." The
night of the retreat, Oliver Johnson died. Only twenty-five years of
age, he was six feet two in height, and large in proporticm. Of im-
niense physical strength, in a chai'ge or close hand to hand fight he
was simply resistless. Wounded six times, the seventh wound killed
him. To find one to fill his place, who could be braver, more deadly.
•2Si HI.-;TOr.V OF IIOWAKD AND CJIAIUTOX COUNTIES.
or more coiivtantlj in the s:'.(Ulle, was to hunt for iroW dint in a straw
pile. There were none suoli.
TJ-ie above account is correct iri the main, but is wide of the
truth ill reference to the number of men tliat were stationed in
Fayette. The garrison consisted of 300 men all told. On the day
of the attack ]\Iajor Reeves Leonard was out ot town on a scoutmu
expedition, and had with him 250 men, Icavinir 0(1 men in Fayette,
but only 4b of these were able to bear arms. The Fei.lerals lost two
men killed, and had one man wounded. One of the men killed,
however, was not at the time a soldier. Had the cjuerrillas known at
the time of the attack that there were only 45 elfectivc men opposed
to their number — 277 — they would have probal)!y made a more des-
perate elfort to have captured the garrison. One of the men killed
by the guerrillas was scalped, and this trophy of tiie bloody deed \vas
found pinned to a tree south of Faj'ette, with an inscription liadly
written and badlj' spelled, stating in substance, " This is the way we
do business."
AFFAIR NEAli NEW FRANKLIN.
While Colonel .'^. D. Jackman was on his last recruiting expedi-
tion in Howard county, in the spring of 1S03, and while in the
neiglil)orhood of New Franklin, his company, consistingof about twentv
men, was attacked by a detachment of Federals und.er Ca[itaiii
Samuel Steinmetz, from Glasgow. The guerrillas had taken a strong
])osition in a ravine, and after pouring a single volley into Steinmetz's
ranks, the latter scattered in every direction, and did not halt until
they reached Faj'ette. Major Reeves Leonard, commander of the
post at Fayette, and a memlter of Colonel Guitar's regiment, ai-oused
at the signal failure of Steinmetz to break up Jackman's recruiting
camp, hurried out himself at the head of sixty picked troopers. A
combat ensued, brief but savage. Jackman and Leonartl met I'ace to
face and fought a single-handed tight. Leonard was wounded
severely in the leg. .Tuekman and his men retreated.
CASON's ATTACK ON TWO STEAMBOATS.
On the 17th of August, l^Gl, the guerrilla. Captain Cason, ascer-
tained that two steamboats, the White Cloud and the McE)owell,
were coming down the Missouri river en route to St. Louis.
An ambuscade was immediately formed on the Howard county side.
and almost opposite Saline city. Here the current of the river
HISTORY OF HOWA}:i> AND CIIAP.ITOX COUNTIES. 2iS.')
sweeps almost to the shore, wliich -woulil ot' necessity liriiii:- iheui
within ritle range ol" the concoah'd guerrilhis. Unsuspicious ot' danger
and crowded with hunnni frciglit, the b(>at swept swiftly alnnir.. A
Midden tlame leaped out from the bushes as though some hidden tiro
was there, anil- then on the crowded decks were terror, confusion,
l)leeding and dead men. For nearly an hour Cason fought the lioai>,
making of every embankment and earth'work, and of every tree a
fortress. Finally a landing was elFected and two pieces of cannon
hurried ashore, and used for shelling the timber that concealed the
guerrillas. Cason held on. As the infantr}- advanced he fell i.viek,
as it retired he advanced. Night alone ended the savage duel, the
]'>deral loss being about sixty-two killed and more than that number
wounded. The guerrillas lost no men.
AN ACT OF BRUTALITY.
The following seems to illustrate the villainous and brutal char-
acter of that inhuman butcher, who reveled in the blood and sntierings
of his unfortunate victims : —
[From Colonel Swiizler's History of Missouri.]
After the al)andonment of Glasgow, the guerrilla chiot'. Bill
Anderson, and his band of outlaws, came at night to the liousc of
William B. Lewis, in the vicinity, and in the presence of his family
and of Mrs. Clark, mother of the rebel general, John B. Clark, Jr.,
and Mr. Dabney Garth, brother-in-law of Sterling Price, both con-
nected by marriage to ^Nlr. Lewis, subjected their A'ictim to the
grossest and crudest indignities. He was knocked down with the
butts of heavy pistols, bruised and battered while helpless on the
floor, his clothes cut open, his flesh pricked with knives, and his body
singed with the flash of pistols rired within a few inches of his face.
Li their savage ci'uelty, the villains stuck the muzzles of their pistols
into the mouth of their unresisting victim, and threatened to blow out
his brains, accompanying their threats with ribald oaths and impreca-
tions. All this was done partly to wreak their fury on a Union man,
and partly to e.xtort money from him. Mr. Lewis, who was u wealthy
citizen, gave his tormentors SI, 000, which was all the money he had
in the house, and was then permitted to go in the streets under guard,
and borrow as much more as he could from his neighbors. Anderson
demanded $5,0()0 for his ransom, and this sum by the active aid of
neighbors and personal friends he was enabled to raise. It was paid
over to his greedy persecutors, and he was released. Next day If
escaped from the town, together with several other citizens, and madc
his way to Boonville.
(20)
28t) HISTOliY OF 110\\AKl) AND CHAKITON COl'NTI?:s.
CAPTLIIE OI' GKNEHAl. TFiOMAS J. I!AKTH0LO\V .
We clij) tVnm tlio Howard euuuty Adi-evtiser, of April oil,
1803 : —
Oa Woilnesd:n- night lust, Briiradier-ponoral T. J. Bnrtliolow, coni-
nuuicliiig- the ciglith military district of Missouri, was taken from bed
at Glasgow, Missouri, by Jackmau's guerrillas, and was not heard
from till yesterday. There ^vas a company of enrolled militia in the
town, but the general, having recently lost by death his wile and
mother, was staying for the nigiit ( Wednesday ) at his mother's late
residence, situated on the outskirts of town. During the night the
guerillas entered and cai'ried him away. Yesterda}-, however, Gen-
eral Graj- received the Ibllowing dispatch from General Bartholow :
Glasgow, April 'li..
General Jolin B. Bray, A. G,: I was released by Jackman ye>-
terday evening ; have just arrived at headquarters. I positively
refused to take any oath or accept an_v parole, or compromise my
honor. Particulars b}' mail. T. J. Baktholow, l}rig. Gen.
THE AlSDCCTrOX OF GEXERAL BAKTHOLOW.
General T. J. Bartholow, who was taken from his residence in
the suljurbs of Glasgow, Missouri, on the morning of the 2.3d in~t.,
Ijy Jackmuu and a band of his guerrillas, has communicated the [lar-
ticulars of the affair In' letter to General Gray. From the communi-
cation, we learn that on the morning of the 23d of x\pril, ISiio, at
al)Out two o'clock, General B. was awakened by a few raps upon the
front door of his residence. lie arose from bed, struck a light, wont
to the-door and demanded what was wanted. A man replied that he
was a messenger to him from General Guitar, having a verbal mes-
sage, and he desired an interview to enable him to (.leliver it. Gen-
eral B. replied that he did not know him and would not admit him.
He then turned otl' with the ap[)arent intention of leaving, but in a
^QW moments returned with the remark that his information was of
un important nature, and hoped General B. would grant him an inter-
view, so that he might return immediately to Columbia. General B.
then looked out one of the sidelights by the door but could discern
but one man. He then concluded to open the door, as he was armed
with a navy revolver. As soon as General B. had admitted the man,
he closed and locked the door and invited him into his chamber,
where they had an interview of some ten minutes, during which Gen-
eral B.'s suspicions were to a considerable extent removed, although
lie held his pistol in ids haml all the time. The interview closed and
the man started out. General Bartiiolow followed him to the door
with hi;- pistol in fine hand au'l a lam[) in the titlier. As lie
approached the door he observed that the man suddenly quickeneii
h.is pace. Tlii.- again excited General B.'s suspicions, and he s;irang
HISTORY OF IIUWAUD AM) CHARITOX COCNTIKS. 2X7
touanls tho door luii)iu;:r to get liuid ot'tlie key, but tailed. The dooi-
was then suddenly opened and a large man t'oreed hi? way in, despite
of his ellbrts to prevent h.ini. General B. then pointed his pistol at
his lireast, and was almost in the act of tiring, when one of them
caught his pistol, and the other took hold of him. Finding himself
lUus overpowered, he had no alternative but to surrender, which
ho did. General Bartholow was now informed that he was Colonel
.laekman's prisoner, and that the alleged messenger from General
Guitar was Major Rncker, lately escaped from Gratiot street prison.
'J'hey were accompanied l)y ten men.
General Bartholow was ordered to dress and go with- them.
They took him to his stable, and as soon as his horse was saddled, they
started with him in a southeasterly direction at a brisk pace through
the woods and farms, avoiding all public roads until daylight, when
Major Kuckcr left v.-ith all the men but one, General B. remaining
witli Jackmau and the man in the woods all day, some twelve miles
from Glasgow where he had a good deal of conversation with the
colonel, ill which General B. told him that he would not take an oath
or accept a parole from him, to which Jackmau replied that he would
then have to hold him.
Late in the afternoon General B. proposed to Jaekman that in
consideration of his release, he would give protection to the person
and property of a man named Maxwell, of Howard county, at whoso
house a party of Jackman's men were captured last winter, in conse-
quence of which ^laxwell loft home to avoid arrest, as he was under
oath and bond. General B. having learned that Maxwell did not
willingly harbor those men, but beg^^ed them to leave, stating that he
was under bond and would sutler if they wore known to have been at
his liouse. This statement was corroborated by Jackmau and his
men. Jackmau accepted the proposition, and General Bartholow was
released.
It is proper to say that General B.'s residence is nearly out>idc
the town, and some distance from any other house, and the force in
Glasgov,- at the time being small, it was impossible to picket all the
roads.
These are all the facts couuecled with the aft'air. General liarth-
olow is now at his post in attendance upon his ordinary duties, his
standing as an officer of the militia unimpeached, and his honor in uo
wise jeopardized by the unfortunate occurrence. His course under
the trying circumstances in which he acted, cannot but lie approved by
all judicious and just persons.
BATTLE .\T GLASGOW.
The most important engagt'inent that occurred between the Fed-
erals and Confederates during the war, in Howard county, took place
at Glasgow.
While General Sterlimz Price was making his last raid into Mi--
zoo HISTOUY OF HOWAKD AND CllAKlTON COUXTIKS.
souri in 18ii4, and while lie, with a portion (if liis forces were ocou[)\-
ing Boonville, Cooper county, he ordered General John B. Chirk, .)r.,
to attack Glasgow. Clark's command consisted of his own brigade
of cavalry, ^Marmaduke's brigade, Shelby's forces, which numbei'ed
at the time some three hundred men, and Colonel S. L. Jackman's
command, all told, about seventeen hundred men, with seven pieces
of artillery.
Glasgow was occupied by Colonel Chester Harding, who com-
manded the 43d regiment of Missouri Volunteers. General .Shojin-.
witli one piece of artillery, commenced the attack on the niorningOf
the 15th of October, 18(14, at the dawn of day, from the western
bank of the river. General Shell)y moved his forces about sunrise up
the eastern bank of the river, and opened a hot tire from his battery
of six pieces (Major Pratt's artillery), which he stationed on the hills
south of town.
Shelby first directed his tire against The steamer Western \\'ind,
which was lying at the wharf and occupied by Union soldiers. The
boat was soon disabled and abandoned, when he turned his guns U[)-
on the city hall, which was used by the Union forces as a commissar v
depot. Before ten o'clock a. m. the garrison defending the town
was compelled to take to their rifle pits, which had been iircpaved at
one of the highest points of ground in the town. The Confederates
had completely surrounded the place and were closini: in on the ritle
pits, when the city hall was set on fire. A strong wind was blowinir
at the time from the northwest, and the fire was communicated to
twelve or tifteen houses, which were entirely consumed with their
contents. About 1 o'clock p. m. the garrison surrendered. Theie
was fifty or sixty men killed iuu\ wounded of the Union forces, and
about an equal number on the Confederate side.
The prisoners were sent under an escort to Boonville, at their
own request, fearing that if thej- remained unarmed at Glasgow, thev
would be killed by the guerrillas and bushwhackers.
INCIDKXTS OF THE I5.\TTLE.
Dr. J. P. Vaughan, one of the oldest residents of Glasgow,
went voluntarily out of the city during the engagement to the plare
where General Clark was sitting on his horse, watching the progress
of the tight, to prevail upon the general if he could, to cease firing
upon the city. He volunteered to be the bearer of a flag of tiuce, and
actually rettn'ned to the city with a flag from General Clark, which he
carried to the headquarters of Colonel Harding. General Clark in-
HISTOKY OF HOWARD AND CIIAniTOX COUNTIES. 2S9
I'draicd tlie writer that wliilo the doctor was makinir his way back to
the Federal commander's presence, on foot, he couhl occasion-
ally see the dust rise from the ground, in front and upon every side of
tlie doctor, which was thrown In' bullets from guns in the rifle pits.
'J'lie doctor, however, nothing daunted, delivered his message and re-
turned to General Clark with Colonel Harding's answer.
During the engagement a battalion of Confederates occupied the
elegant residence of W . F. Dunnica, whicli was located about 225
yards from the rifle pits. The house had ten openings fronting the
})its, which were filled with sharpshooters. Six of the soldiers were
woimded in the house; the building and furniture were greatly dam-
aged, as the house was pierced by about three hundred bullets (this
number being afterwards counted on the side fronting tlie rifle pits).
QUANTRKLL.
After the tight, the noted guerrilla chief, Quantrell, came up to
General Clark and told him that he (Quantrcll) was the flrst man to
reach the rifle pits after the surrender. The General said that he was
not aware of Quantrell's presence at any time during the engagement,
but saw him afterwards.
On tlie evening of the seeomi day, after the surrender, Quantrell,
with his company of marauders, cut-throats and thieves, entered
Glasgow, and sent two of his men to Mr. W. F. Duunica's residence,
commanding them to bring him to his bank (bank of Thomson & Duu-
nica), which they did. After reaching the bank, Mr. Dunnica was com-
pelled to unlock the bank vault and safe and deliver their contents to
the thieves. Mr. Dunnica had anticipated something of the kind and
had, the day before, buried $32,000, which he saved. Quantrell took
all the money in the safe ($21,000) and told Mr. D. that he would
conduct him home, so his men on the streets would not molest him,
and did so.
MASS MEETING AFTER THE WAR.
At a mass meeting of the citizens of Howard county, held at the
court-house in Fayette on the .itli day of March, IStlG, the object of
which was to indorse the restoration policy of President Johnson, and
to sustain him in his veto of the freedmen's Ijureau bill, the follow-
ing proceedings were had and resolutions adopted : —
At the request of the chairman, A. J. Herndon explained the
objects of the meeting in a clear and forcible manner.
290 HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
A conunittee, ciMisisting of I. N. Houck, G. C. Eaton and S. C.
^lajor, of l\ic!iinoiKl township; David 'Wilson and \V. J. Talbot, of
Bonne Femme ; E. P. Kirbj and Jno. D. Ri<;kt't.s, of Moniteau ; W.
J. Baskctt and N. G. Elliott, of Franklin ; Wesley Hycroneinus and Ji.
H. Turner, of Boone's Lick ; J. V. Ba.stin and A. "W. Roper, of Cluu-
itou, and Rice Patterson and John Dy.sart, of Prairie, were appointed
to draft resolutions expressive of the sense of the meeting.
During the retirement of the committee, Colonel Joe Davis, un-
der repeated calls, addressed the meeting in Avell-tinied reujarks.
The meeting was also addressed liy S. C. Major, Jr., and II. Clay
Cockerill in support of the resolutions.
The committee reported the following, which, upon motion, were
unanimously adopted :
AVhereas, Andrew Johnson, as president of the United States,
in exercise of the powers vested in him hy the constitution, has re-
centh' sent to the senate of tlie United States a message vetoing the
act known as the freedmen's bureau bill : and
"Whereas, He has been threatened and insulted for so doing by
members of the senate and house of representatives in congress, and
also by the concurrent resolutions passed l)y the radical members of
the Jlissouri legislature, who in that, as in otlier acts passed by thenr
in the present session, are misrepresenting the known wishes of the
people of the state ; and
Whereas, The president, in his messages and speeches, lias
submitted his cause to the judgment of the people, who are his con-
stituents ; therefore be it
liesolved, 1st. That the message of President Johnson vetoing
the freedmen's bureau bill, meets the unqualified approval of the
citizens of Howard county, and we hold that no enlightened and ym-
triotic citizen can fail to discover evidence of profound statesmanshi[)
and heroic fidelity to the constitution.
2d. That the system which the freedmen's bureau l)ill proiiosed
to establish is radical!}' repugnant to the principles of republican lili-
erty ; that it would pauperize the negro race and tax the white race
to maintain them and jierpetuate the subordination of the civil to the
militaiy power.
3d. That the disfranchisement of eleven states of the union is
a usurpation of power, and is calculated to fill the public mind with
alarm and keep alive the passions and prejudices kindled by the war,
and make chronic disloyalty on the one band and tyranny on the
other.
4th. That all legislation by congress solely atfecting the eleven
States which are denied representation, is unconstitutional and invalid,
and should be <o treated by the president of the whole country.
5th. That we denounce without stint the action of the General
Assembly in condemning, by concurrent resolutions, the veto message
and declariuLi' for n.egro suflVaire ; that it is a gross misrepresentation
of the public sentiment of ^Missouri ; that we tender those senators
HI^TOKV OF HuWAKl) AND CHARITOX COINIIKS 21ll
;iiul reprosiMitativcs \vh() iipponcd the passage of thei«e re<o]iitioiis, dur
warmest gratitude.
6th. That the preservation of this government depends upon
the maintenanee of the foregoing principles, and that we pledge our-
selves to cordially co-operate with the citizens of whatever former
political comi)lexion or party, who will honestly labor for tlieui.
7t!i. That we heartily apjirove and indorse the course of lions.
John Hogan and Thomas Pj. Noell, representatives in congro-^s, for
their able support of the chief magistrate in his elForts to maintain
the supremacy of the constitution.
8th. That we deem radicalism as antagonistic to the principles
of 11 republican form of government ; that taxes cannot rightfully
he imposed where there is no re[n'esentation.
0th. That we regard the new constitution of Missouri as objec-
tionable to the people of the state, and an infraction upon and dejiri-
vatiou of tlie liljorties of the citizens, and we pledge ourselves to use
all lawful and proj^er means to repeal its odious provisions.
10th. That we herebv invite all good citizens to unite with us in
restoring to the people of this state and nation, the liberties guaran-
teed to them by the constitution of the United States.
11th. That Wm. H. Seward, secretary of state, by his co-op-
eration with, and indorsement of, the acts of President .Johnson, has
given unmi-takable evidence of pati-iotism and a desire for the perpe-
tuity of the union of these states, and that however we may have
difiered with him in times past as to his i)olitical views, we tender
him our thanks for the noble stand he has taken in upholding the
president, and exhibiting his desire for the preservation of republican
liberty.
Mr. Herndon otTered the following, which was unanimou.-ly
adopted :
That we heartily indorse the course of Hon. F. P. Blair in fir-t
standing in the breach throughout the war, fighting gallantly for the
union, and tlien in manfully and fearlessly o})posing the reckless and
revolutionary policy of the radicals of the country generally, and
particularly of this state ; and we tender him our thanks, with a re-
quest that he continue his work until the radical factionists ami dis-
unionists be hurled from power.
On motion, it was adopted that the secretary furnish for publi-
cation, a copy of these proceedings to the Howartl county Ailve/ii-':ei\
Glasgow Times and ^lissouri Tlepuhlican.
On motion, the secretary was directed to send a copy of <ame to
President Johnson and Hon. Win. II. Seward, secretary of state.
On motion, the meeting adjourned.
E. P. Graves, Chairman.
H. Clat Cockerill. Secretary.
October IS, 18GG, there was held in Fayette an unconditiiMial
union convention, as will be seen by the notice below, for the [uir-
pose of making nomination's for the different otKces : —
292 HISTORY OF HOWARD A.NU CHAKITOX COU.VTIES.
UXCON'DITION.VL UNION CON'VEXTIOX XOMIXATIOX OF CANDIDATES.
The unconditiouul iiuioii convention of Howaicl county asseni-
Meil at tlji' court-hou^c at Fayette at 1 o'clock v. m., ami was organ-
ized by electing Judge E. S. Davis president, and William Sehnau
secretary.
Nomination of candidates being in order, the following gentle-
men were unanimously nominated :
State superintendent of schools — T. A. Parker.
Representative — ,] . D. Keebaugh.
Judges of county court — David AVilson, E. S. Davis, Larkin T.
Patrick."
Clerk of circuit court — John II. Lewis.
Assessor — W. Con. Boon.
County school commissioner — "\^'m. "Watts.
Supervisor of registration — James Andrews.
The Democratic, or Conservative party had already made their
nominations. The election resulted as t\)llo\vs : —
For state suiJerintendent common schools, J. F. "Williams,
980 J congress, J. M. Glover, 1,011 ; state senate, T. B. Eeed, 9S6
legislature, Cockerill, G18; Patterson, 375 : sherifl', J. L. Morrison
746; P. M. Jackson, 4.')4 ; county justice, Heath, 92S ; Taylor, 933
Hanna, 750 ; Minor, 277 : circuit clerk, Stewart, 754 ; HoUiday, 307
county clerk, A. J. Herndon, 1,034 ; school superintendent, T. G
Deatherage, 973 : supervisor of registration, J. D. Eicketts, 834
assessor, ''11. P. "White, .^18 ; Boonr370 ; treasurer, T. AV. Radford,
767 ; Ewing, 2G9.
The following is the Radical vote of the couuty : —
Superintendent common schools, Parker, 200 ; congress, Judas
P. Benjamin, 204 ; state senate, Dr. Hays, IGl ; representative, J.
D. Keeliaugh, 213, justices countv court, D. Wilson, 214; E. S.
Davis, 214"; L. C. Patrick, 213 ;" circuit clerk, J. ?I. Lewis, 149;
supervisor of registration, Andrews, 210.
CHAPTER XIY.
Agricultural Societies, RiiilroaJs tmj Miscellaneous ilatttTS — Howard County Agricul-
tural Society — -Great Central Fair — Its Organization — Howard County Grange —
Railroad Historv of Howard County — First Meeting of Citizens — First Vote — Sub-
scriptions to Tebo and Xeosho Railroad Company — Louisiana and Missouri River
Railroad — Missouri and Mississippi Railroad — The St. Louis, Kansas City and Chi-
cago Railroad — Bonded Indebtedness — Miscellaneous Matters.
HOWARD COUN'TY AGUICULTURAL AND MECHANICAL SOCIETY.
The above-iiumed society was organized in the year 1852 and in-
corporated in 18.55, on the 28th day of Fdnuary. Rice Patterson
was the tirst president; John F. Williams and A. J. Herndon were
the succeeding presidents. The last fair was held in 18G0. It was a
success tinaucially, but the war of IStJl, prevented the parties inter-
ested from attempting thereafter to hold another. One or two etlbrts
have been made since the war to reorganize the society, but without
success, until May 26, 1883.' The premium lists were always full,
and the prizes oti'ered by the managers and stockholders were of such
a character as to attract the attention of the farmer and the mechanic,
and stir up the spirit of honest and commendal)le competition.
GRKAT CENTRAL F.MR.
The above-named enterprise was inaugurated in the year 1866,
the object being to hold tin annual fair at Roanoke, Randolph county,
Missouri, which is located on the edge of Prairie township, on the
* At a meeting held in the circuit court room on Saturday, May 26th, the following
action was taken in reference to county fair: Meeting called to order by the chairman,
itinutes of the last meeting read and adopted. The committee on organization made their
report. On motion report adopted and the following were then selected directors to serve
until their successors are elected. Richmond township, R. P. Williams, A. F. Davis. Wra.
Shrafroth, Solon Smith. Moniteau township, John Hammond. Franklin township, .lohn
H. Estill. Chariton, A. W. Morrison. Prairie township, Jos. H. Fiuks. Boone's Lick,
Stephen Cooper. Bonne Ferame, Geo. J. AVinn. Burton, N. A. Taylor. All present
signed the articles of association and paid in fifty per cent of their subscribed stock. All
papers and minutes were turned over to the board of directors, ileeting adjourned.
J. H. Estill, Chairman.
W. F. Mitchell, Secretarv.
(293)
294 iii.-ToKY OF }iu\v.\i;n and ciiauitox countiks.
line lietu-et'ii IIo\v;U'il :iud Randolph coinitios. It was to bo held uiidc-r
the aiisiiices of Howard, Randolph and Chariton counties. AA'e copy
t'rom the Howard county Advertiser: —
At a meeting of the citizens of Howard, R indolph and Chariton
counties, held iu Roanoke on the tirst day of August, IStJi), to take
into consideration the propriety of getting up the great central fair
grounds for North Missouri, William AVayland was called to the chair
and W. y. Hall appointed secretary. The object of the meeting was
explained in an able manner by the chairman, whereupon the follow-
ing-named irentlenien were appointed as a committee to meet and
draft resolutions : —
James ]M. Richardson, Rice Patterson, W. Y. Lockriili^e, J. H.
Patterson, Geo. M. Quinn, Alex. Deuny, W. P. Phelps, W.V. Hall,
\Y. C. Harvcv, R. J. Bauby, Rector Barton, Win. Barton, Lewi?
Tinnell, J. T. Wallace, Judie Henry Blake, T. P. Fristoe, Jr.. W.
Wayland, C. F. AA'riirht, A.'T. Prewitt, J. R. Yancey, S. Phelps,
W. E. Viley, J. W. Vilcy, R. Gilman, J. D. Head. W. Smith, R.
Samuel, Li'. T. Green, j". H.Austin, Hon. W. A. Hall, J. White, R.
W. Tiiompson, Capt. John Head, H. M. Porter. Tho-. Kimbrouoh,
Judge G. W. Burckhartt, J. C. Head, R. J. ALansli.-ld, A. J. Robcnt-
son, J. B. Bradford, J. L. Moi-rison, Jas. Brc.ioks, C. H. Stewart,
John Duncan, R. Patrick, Peter Land, I. N. Houck, June Williams,
A. A. Puffh, John Turner, Jr., W. J. Eddincs, J. B. Thompson. D.
Paid^ey. A. W. Morrison, Thos. Bocgs, T. J. Pavne, A. W. Roner,
John Miller, J. G. Maupin, J. Y. Mnler. N. G. Elliott, John P.'Se-
bree, Jas. Morrison, Joiin Havden, Dr. Grinstead, J. AV. Harris. J.
W. Cox, L. Salisbury, W. C. Hereford. P. T. Dolman, ^Ym. Here-
ford, Eli AVayland, AV. J. Harvey, Geo. AA'illiams, AA'. H. Plunketr,
A. Moore, Wm. AVhite, L. M. Appleiiate, C. A. Winslow, H. W.
Cross, T. E. Gillian, John Ewing, T. T. Elliott, J. B. Naylor. R.
James, J. A. Pitts, Frank Lyman, Frank AA'illiams, J. Crews, B. F.
Harvey, G. H. Harvey.
lieso^ved. That we meet in Roanoke on Saturday, the ISth day
of August, IStii.'), to form a permanent organization, and that all the
gentlemen named in the three counties, and all others that feel inter-
ested, are most cordially invited to meet \vith us upon that day.
Resolved, That the secretary forward a copy of the proceediiiiis
to the Brunswicker, Randolph Citizen, Glasgow Times, and the
Howard county Advertiser, re(piesting their publication.
On motion the meeting adjourned to meet again on Saturday,
the 18th day of August, l^GtS, to form a permanent organization.
W. Wayland, Chairman.
AA'. V. Hall, Secretary.
At a subsequent meeting in August, I'^tt.S, the fair was organ-
ized, as will be seen from reading an account of the meeting whicli
we take iVom the same paper : —
Hl.STOKY OF HOWAHD AND CHAIUTON COUNTIES. 2V0
CENTRAL FAIK MEETING.
At ;i inet'titiiT nf ihe oitizoui of Howard. l!:niil(ilph uiul Cliavitnu
oouulies, hold on the grouiul .selected, A. W. ^lorrisoii \\ai called to
the chair, and W. V. Hallajipointed secretary. A. J. Ileriidoii heiiii:
called upon, e.xplniaed the object of the meeting. The chairman then
appointed the following gentlemen to select officers for tiie preseiit
year. Committee: A. Moore, J. J. Grinstead and Steve Phelps, of
Howard ; G. T. Greene, Woodson Newhy and W. Y. Lockridge, of
Randolph : X. G. Elliott, John Miller anil Jas. G. Maupin, of Ho^^'-
ard. The meeting then adjourned for dinner, after which tlie meet-
ing was moved to the academy, when the committee made the follow-
ing report : —
For president — Jas. Ivicliardson. of Randolph.
A''ice-presidcnts — A. '\^'. }Jorrisoii, of no\var<l ; Alphonso Moore,
of Chariton.
Secretary — W. V. Hall, of Howard.
Assistant secretary — Wm. Burton, of Randolph.
Treasurer — Rice Patterson, of Howard.
Directors — John Miller, X. Ct. Elliott, J. H. Patterson, of How-
ard : J. W. Ha.rris, Jno. P. ^Yilliams, W. J. Plarvey, of Chariton :
G. T. Green, Woodson Newhy, W. Y. Lockridge, of Chariton.
Upon motion, a committee was appointed to get up articles of
association, composed of the following gentlemen : R. S. Head, chair-
man ; A. J. Herndon, W. V. Hall, Thos. Kimbrough, T. T. Elliort,
R. W. Thomson and Hon. AA'. A. Hall: said committee to meet at
Roanoke and report on the 30th day of August, 18G(5. By u unani-
mous vote the editors of the Glasgow Tiinp><, Howard county A'h.-'V-
tiser, Randolph Citixea and JJrunswicker, were elected honorar\' mein-
bers.
Upon motion of N. G. Elliott, it was agreed that the directors
meet at Roanoke, on the 30th day of August, to confer with the com-
mittee appointed to gee up the articles of association, and to agree
upon a time for holding the fair, and to attend to such other business
as might come before them for immediate action.
The chairman appointed J. H. Wavland, Jas. Richar<lson, AW
Y. Lockridge, W. P. Phelps, W. V. Hall, J. H. Patterson and W.
J. Harvey, a committee of arrangements.
A. W. Morrison, President.
W. V. Hall, Secretary.
The last fair was held at Roanoke in 187 — . W. H. Patterson
was the last president.
HOWARD COUNTY GRANGE.
This organization, which was originally institute<l in the inter-
est of the farmer and agriculturalist, was introduced into Ho^v.iid
coimtv about the beirinning of the vear 1S74. It soon became a vtrv
29H HI>.TOKY 01" nOWARH AXD CHAIUTO.V COUNTrES.
]K)pul;ir institution, ami uuiuberot.1 ujiiong its patrons and nK'niljc-rs
a great many favnicis. Its jjower and iniluence, however, began to
wane after 1877-78. IjgIow will be found the names and locations
of the granges of the county in the month of June, 1874 : —
Howard Grange, No. 281; W. G. Edwards, master; Geo. C.
Edwards, secretary. —
Glasgow Grange, No. 944 ; G. W. ^Nlooreiiead, master ; John C.
"Woods, secretary.
Central Hill Grange, No. 1011 ; Jas. R. McDonald, master; W.
W.Gray, secretary.
Oakland Grange, No. 1073 ; Binl Deatherage, master; George
B. Tolson, secretary.
Washington Grange, No. 1010; B. F. Snyder, master ; James
B. Shores, secretary.
Ashland Grange, No. 1316; J. R. Gallamore, master; G. Ileb-
erling, secretary.
Bonne Femme Grange, No. 1161; Owen Williams, master;
James H. Feeland, secretary.
Sulphur Spring Grange, No. 1150; J. W. Champion, master ;
George M. Pipes, secretary.
Richmond Grange, No. 1317 ; J. T. Smith, master; H. C. Tin-
dall, secretary.
Rock Spring Grange. No. 1419; Seth H. Morgan, master: John
il. Elgin, secretary.
New Liberty Grange, No. 1110; E. M. Grimes, master; Pat.
Dysart, secretary.
Sebree Grange, No. 1375 ; Henry Grigsby, master ; Joseph Carr,
secretar\'.
Elm Grange, No. 1372 ; A. J. Kirbv, master; D. :Morris, secre-
tary.
Maple Grove Grange, No. ; W. F. Cunningham, master;
James Y. Miller, secretary.
Richland Grange, No. ; John Tatum, master; William C.
Warden, secretary.
Burton Grange, No. 1194; William Creson, master: R. J. Pat-
rick, secretary.
Boone's Lick Grange, No. 1072; John M. Kivett, master; M.
W. Henry, secretary.
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHAKITON COUNTIES. l".t7
Walnut Grove Grange, No. ; Gcorgi; G. Harvey, master ;
A. C. AVoods, secretary.
Pleasant Hill Grange, No. ; W. A. Dudgeon, master : John
K. "Woods, secretary.
Highland Grange, No. ; James Walker, master; J. Y.
Hume, secretary.
Moniteau Grange, No. 1160 ; Wade M. Jackson, master; 15. T.
Jackson, secretary.
Lisbon Grange, No. 170S ; G. C. Shelton, master; Tiiomas A.
Grider, secretary.
The granges now have one co-operative store in Burton town-
ship.
RAILKOAD HISTORY OF HOWARD COUNTY.
Scarcely had the smoke of the great civil conflict of 18G1, been
dissipated, when the people of Howard county, ever alive to their own
interests as a people, and as a county, began to agitate the question of
building a railroad, and in pursuance of their feelings, which seemed
to have been almost unanimously concurred in, the following notice
was given in the Howard county Advertiser of .Vpril, ]>;67 : • —
■^v RAILROAD MEETING.
There will be a meeting of the citizens of Howard county, held in
Fayette, on Monday, June 3d, 1867, for the pur[)ose of organizing a
railroad company, to Iniild a road through the county, that will be of
interest to the whole county. It is to be hoped that every townshii)
in the county will be represented ; books of subscription will be open
for the commencement of this important enterprise, which has so long
been neglected.
One or two smaH meetings had taken place, even as early as IStiti,
but were of no special interest and attracted no particular attention.
This meeting then, of June. 3d, 18G7, was the real beginning of the
movement, which tinally culminated in the building and completion of
the Missouri, Kansas and Texas railroad, although several other ef-
forts had been made to secure other roads prior to the building of the
^[issouri, Kansas and Texas.
The meeting, as advertised, was held at Fayette, at the court-
house. It was well attended and great enthusiasm marked its pro-
ceedings. John P. Sebree, Esq., was called to the chair, and stirring
sjieeches were made by Mr. Orick, of St. Charles, Col. John L'. WW-
298 lUSTOiiV OK IldWAUD A.NU CHAinTOX COU.NTIKS.
lianis, of :\[ icon, Tli.>;ii:is W . Sli:ick(,'ltor>l, A. J. IK'vndon, J. V\' .
I{ol.)iii~oii. Mr. Blown. After the iniUter was fully discussed, tlio c-oui-
mittoo made a report : —
Keconnnendinir the incorporation of a company under the railroad
law of the state. Also, of suljinitting the pro[icisilioi! to the people of
Howard county, to l>uild a railroral tVoiii Boouville \ ia Fayette and
l\oaiioke, to Moberly. said road being intersected by a branch ro.nl
from Glasgow, running in the direction of Roanoke.
There were other meetings, but il was not until Ja.nuarv (itli. l.Sii'>,
about eiglit months thereafter, that any decided steps wei-c taken in
the interest of a railroad. The Ad>-erliser, speaking of a meeting that
occurred on the lith ofJanuary, 18GS, says: —
THK iMKKTING OX MONDAY.
In pursuance of the notice, the great railroad mass meeting \\"a>
held at Fayette, on Monday the Gth instant, and truly there was a
grand rail}', considering the sudden and unfavorable change in the
weather. On motion, J. P. Sebree was elected chairman, and 1. N.
Houck and "W. A. Thompson were made secretaries. The chairman
then appointed the foUo^ring gentlemen a committee to draft resolu-
tions and ari'ange for a thorough canvass of the entire county : —
For Franklin townshii), N. G. Elliott ; for Boone's Lick town,-lii[i,
R. Stanlev : for Cliariton township, T. Shackelt'ord ; for Prairie town-
ship, W. H. Morris; fur Bonne Femme lownshi[i, AV. H. Adams ; t'ur
Moniteau township, C. E. Giveus ; for Richmond township, S. C.
Major, Jr.
The committee retired, and in their absence General John B.
Clark, Sr.. by recpiest, addressed the meeting. It would be impos-i-
ble to report General Clark's speech in full ; he contrasted the pa»t
with the present and showed the change and improvement that h id
taken jjlace. He spoke lengthily of the farming interests ot'the coun-
ty, and showed wherein that class of men wouUl bo benefited by the
railroad. He alluded to the increase in the value of the lands, ami
urged that their increased value wtmld more than pay the ta.xes in-
curred in building the road. Ho made quite a lengthv and tellini:'
speech and showed that he was thoroughly alive to the work of making
old Howaid great, rich, and prosperous, as she ought to be.
Judge Tompkins, of Boonvillc, was then introduced, and in an
earnest manner spoke of the thorough arousement of Boonvillc, and
Cooper county, in this nulroad movement. He gave us assnrance-^ I't'
the co-operation of his people, and said that the railroad from Reniek
to the Missouri river would receive encouragement from every man in
Boonvillc, a.nd material aid as far as they were able to give it.
Judire Norman Lackland, of Andrian, f)ne of the directors of the
Louisiana and Missouri river railroad, and the authorized agent of
said road, took the stand and in a short speech assured the meeting ot'
HISTORY OV lIO\VAi;i) AND CHAKITOX COUNTIES. 2!'',l
tlie tiriu inii'pose of the onnipnnv to iniilil the road from I^ouislana to
Kansas City, ami t'.iat sjioedily, provided the people on the propcsetl
route would aid them.
Mr. K. T. Prewitt next came forward as the champion for the
railroad. He made a very stirring a\)peal ; hoped that before he died
he would hear more stirring and thrilling music than that just dis-
coursed by our excellent brass band. Mr. Prewitt's speech was kindly
received and ought to have been heard by every man in the county.
At this point in the proceedings the committee reported the fcdlo\ving,
as the result of their deliberations, viz. : —
Resolveil 1st. That we are convinced of the importance to the people
of Howard county of the two railroad projects to be voted on by the
people on the 21st day of January, 18()8.
2d. For the purpose of eliciting a full discussion on the subject,
we recommend the appointment of the following persons to act as a
committee to arrange for public meetings in the diti'erent townships : —
Kichmond township — S. C. Major, Jr., John Duncan, R. 1\I.
Patrick, W. H. Nipper, Kichard Payne, J. W. A. Patterson, J. C.
Ferguson.
Bonne Femmc townshiii — -\\ . \l. Adams, George Gibson, George
Dougherty, E. Andrews, 11. Mobeily, D. '\\'ilson, S. B. Naylor.
Moniteau township — C. E. Gi\ons, W. L. Reeves, O. C. Hern,
J. D. Patton, W. ;M. Jackson, Bazeleel Maxwell, Wm. Peeler, J.
(iilvin.
Chariton township — T. Shackelford, Bovd M. ^loCrarv, P. Bair,
John Tilman, D. B. White, P. M. Land, A. AV. Roper. L. F. Hav-
don.
Prairie township — William Hushes, W. V. Hall, J. Quinn. W.
M. White, W. Gates, A. C. Tolson. '^
Boone's Lick townshiii — Robert Staulev, James Lewis, W. Knaii>,
H. Miller, J. M. Kivett, Jackson Sterns.
Franklin township — N. G. Elliott, S. T. Husrhe^, John Lee, J.
C. Moore, V\'. L. Baskett, W. G. Edwards, J. C. Daily, J. W. Rubin-
son, Colonel B. W. Stone.
Mr. Shackelford spoke ver}' earnesths -^iid showed himself the
ftaunch supporter of the pro})ositions to be submitted to a vote on the
-'1st insttint. He urged all railroad men to vote on that day, and as-
sured us that Glasgow was a unit for the roads, ilr. J. W. Roliinson,
of Franklin township, next came forward. He said that the subject
had already been exhausted, and kindly offered to allow any anti-rail-
road man to take his place on the programme. No one coming for-
ward, he proceeded to address the meeting, acquitting himself with
much credit ; for though the day was tav spent and the crowd had been
standing many hours, yet Mr. Rot)inson commanded the ujidivided ar-
tontion of all. and met with frcfpient and hearty apjilause. L. W.
Robinson, of Rocheport, being present, was called on and addressed
the meeting in the interest of the people of Rocheport and that direc-
tirm. He favored the Imilding of railroads in Howard county, and
wished the people of this county, in case they could not succeed in the
300 HISTOI'.V OF HOWARD AND CHAIIITON COUNTIES.
scheme of buiklinir the road^ proposeJ, that tlie_v woukl aid Koclieport
and Boone ccnmtj, in continuing the Coluniljia brunch of the Xoilh
Missouri railroad, from Columt)ia via Rochcport, through Favette to
GlasgcAv.
Mr. A. J. Hernthjn next addressed the meeting; thouglit the
crowd was already tired, and that enough had been said to convince
any \inprejudieed mind present. He said that all white male citizens
qualilied under the old law would be allowed to vote on the 21st
instant, no oath being required. He said he intended to work until
the last day in the evening for the success of the proposition. He said
he thought the county of Howard woidd be better otf to giTe a million,
rather than loose the roads. At the close a resolution of thanks w;!s
tendered the Fayette cornet hand, and three hearty cheers (given witii
a will) went up for the railroads.
Well done, Hov.-ard cour.ty, — you v\-ill redeem yourself on the
21st instant, and rapidly take your place in the front ranks of the
counties of the State.
The conntv court made an order of publication, and directed an
election to be held at the ditlerent voting precincts in the county, on
Tuesday after the third Monday in January, 1868, to give the voters
of Howard county an opportunity to vote upon the proposition of
subscribing $250,000 to the capital stock of the Louisiana and [Mis-
souri river railroai.l company, and $2.50,000 to the Tebo and Neosho
railroad companv.
Below we give the returns from each township:
Richmond -------
Prairie -------
Bonne Fcmnie ------
Landmark -------
"Whites" Shop - . - _ -
Franklin -------
Boone's Lick - - - - - -
Chariton -------
1,276 549
Majority - - - - - - -727
Total vote, 1,825.
This was the tirst vote upon a proposition to subscribe to the
building of a railroad. It carried by such a large majority that the
county court, lj(?Iieving that their action would be approved by the
people, of tlicir own motion made an order subscribing $750,000 to
the Louisiana and Missouri river railroad and the Tebo and Neoslio
For.
Against.
396
48
62
129
156
3
78
14
21
72
159
65
30
181
374
37
HISTOKY OF HO^^AKU AND CHARITON COUNTIES. 301
railroad companies. Four hundred thousand dollars in bonds were
issued to the latter, and three hundred and fifty thousand to the former.
The Tebo and Neosho railroad company comi)leted their road in
187—, and have since been operating their^cars. It is now known as
the Missouri, Kansas an<l Texas, and is one of the branches of the
Missouri Pacific railroad. The Louisiana and Missouri river railroad
company constructed a road bed through the county, but never com-
pleted the road, even after availing themselves of the bonds which
were given them for that purpose. Tliese l)onds are now in suit in
the United States supreme court.
The people of Chariton township subscribed $100,00tt in
bonds to the Missouri and ^lississippi railroad in 1870 ; the road is now
known as a branch of the Wabash. The bonds have been comi^ro-
mised at 6fi| cents on the dollar; new bonds were issued (5-20
bonds) bearing six per cent interest and payable in twenty years.
The St. Louis, Kansas City and Chicago (now leased to the Chi-
cago and Alton railroad company), was built by individual stock-
holders in 1871), to run from Mexico, Missouri, to Kansas City. Bonds
to the amount of three millions of dollars were issued. The Chicago
and Alton railroad company guarantee the interest on the bonds, and
pay a certain per cent of the gross earnings of the road. The Chicago
and Alton road have a perpetual lease.
llelow will be found a short, but full and comprehensive state-
ment of the Ijonded indebtedness t^' the count}' : —
BONDED INDEBTEDNESS.
Sixteen eight per cent ten year bonds of $1,IK)0 eacli, issued E)e-
eomber 1, 1860, and seventy-three eight per cent ten year bonds of
§1,000 each, issued November 3, 1S71, to aid in the construction of tlie
Tebo and Neosho railroad, interest payable semi-annually at B;mk of
Commerce, New York.
Thirty-seven eight per cent ten year bonds of $1,000 each, issued
September 1, 1870; fifty-seven eight per cent ten year bonds issued
March 1, 1S71 ; eighty-four eight percent ten yeAV bonds issued June
1 , 1871, and forty-nine eight per cent ten year bonds issued September
1, 1871, to aid in the construction of the Louisiana and Missouri river
railroad, interest payable annually at Bank of Commerce, New York.
All these bonds are in litigation and the interest is not promptly
paid ; interest and sinking fund tax of fifty cents on $100 valuaiion
levied for Tebo and Neosho bonds, nothing for bonds issued to Lmii^i-
ana and Missouri river railroad.
(21)
302 1U8TOKY Ol' HOWAUU AND CHAKITOX COUNTIKS.
CIIAlilTOX TOWNsmi'.
Tliifty-thrce eight ])er cent lit'teenyear lionds of $1,U00 each, issued
July 1, ISi'iO, to aid in the constiuction of the Missouri und Mississippi
railroad, interest payable annually at Bank of Commerce. New York.
Fifty-nine six percent 5-20 bonds of $1,000 each, issued January
1, 1880, in compromise and redemption of bonds issued to the Mis-
souri and Mississippi railroad company, interest payable annually at
the banking house of Bartholow, Lewis & Co., St. Louis.
The interest is promptly paid on the funding compromise bonds ;
interest and sinking fund tax of fifty cents levied on $100 valuation ;
interest not paid on $33,000 in bonds issued to the Missouri and Mis-
sissippi railroad.
Howard county does not owe one dollar aside from the railroad
debt. The current expenses of the county during the past ten years,
ha\'e aveniged about $17,000 per annum. The railroad debt is small ;
even if the county and townships have the entire amount — approxi-
mately about $400,000 — to jiay, it will not atieet the tiuancial condi-
tion of the county.
MISCELLANEOUS.
Population of Howard county in 1860 - - - - 15, i)!*)
Population of Howard county in 1870 . - . - 17,233
Population of Howard county in 1880 - - - - 18,42<s
POPULATION BY TOWNSHIPS, 1880.
Bonne Fenime --------- 1,786
Boone's Lick --------- 2,008
Chariton, including Glasgow ------ 4,006
Glasgow city --------- 1,841
Franklin, including Franklin town ----- 1,938
Moniteau --------- 2 AW
Prairie, including Armstrong village . _ - - 2,585
Armstrong village - - ----- 76
Koauoke town - - - - - - - - - 215
Richmond, including. Fayette city ----- 3,606
Fayette city --------- 1,247
Population by race in 1880, white, 13,197 ; colored, 5,231.
Population by nativity in 18''<0, native, 17, '.•54 : foreign,
474.
Born in the state -------- 14,499
HISTORY or HOWARD AND CHARITON COL'XTIES. ;)03
Born in Illinois ---_.___ 245
Born in Kentucky -------- 1,0G0
Born in Ohio --------- 343
Born in Tennessee -------- r,'55
Boi'u in Indiana -------- I5,s
Born in British America ------- 48
Born in Enghind and ^Valcs ------ 2?
Born in Ireland -------- OS
Born in Scotland -------- 24
Born in German Empire ------- 220
Born in France -------- 9
Born in Sweden and .^Norway ------ 20
Number of farms ...----- I,it2t)
Number of acres of improved laud ----- lOSjJtil
Value of farms, including land, fences and buildings - $4,448,863
Value of farming implements and macblner}- . - - 190,32<i
Value of live stock ------- - 1,001, !I88
Cost of building and repairing fences in 1879 - - - 49,301
Cost of fertilizers purchased in 1879 - - - - 10,64o
Estimated value of all farm productions (sold, consumed or
on hand) for 1879 ------ -1,048,077
PKINCIPAI, VEGETABLE PKODUCTIOXS, 1880.
Buckwheat, bushels .-.-.-- 1,039
Indian corn, bushels ------ -1,770,520
Oats, bushels - ------- 164,155
Rye, bushels - ------- 12,01.s
Wheat, bushels - - - 308,934
Value of orchard products ------ $21,434
Hay, tons --------- 8,440
Potatoes, Irish, bushels ------- 21,385
Potatoes, sweet, bushels ------ 2,839
Tobacco, pounds -------- 604,794
LIVE STOCK AND ITS PPlODUCTIONS.
Horses ---------- 6,716
Mules and asses - -- - - - - - 3.153
Working oxen -------- 12
Milch cows --------- 5.851
Other cattle --------- 11,719
304 HISTORY OF HOV.ARD AND CHARITOX COUNTIKS.
Sheep ---------- 18,62l>
Swine ---------- 53,877
Wool, pounds --------- 138,235
Milk, giiUous --------- 1.410
Butter, pound? -------- 304,408
Cheese, pounds ____---- 1,934
MANUFACTURES.
Number of establishments ------ 44
Capital ---------- $96,950
Average number of hands employed, males above sixteen - loO
Children and youths _.__-._. 3
Total amount paid in wages during the year - - - $ 25,9St>
Materials ---------- lt)5,730
Products ---------- 234,431
ASSESSED VAEUATION.
Real estate -------- $2,780,957
Personal property ------- 1,897,419
Total -------- $4,678,37G
TAXATION.
State ----- $is;,733
County ---------- 23,392
City, town, village and school district - _ _ . 21,950"
Total --------- $64,0(11
LOCAL DEBT OF HOWARD COUNTY.
Bonded debt --------- $402, lOt^
Gross debt - - . - - - --- . 402,100
Sinking fund --------- 90^
Net debt ---------- 401,179
1882.
Ecvenue fund -------- $10,977.85
Interest fimd -------- 8,4<)].85
State school money ------- 3,987.51
Glasgow registered bonds, .seven per cent, 5-10 years
funding -------- 5,100.00
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITON' COUNTIKS. 30o
^ REAL ESTATE ASSESSED,
Ko. of acres (1881) ------- 288,550
Average value per acre ------ $9.40
Valuation ..----.- $2,713,1G0
No. of town lots ------- 1,658
Average value --------$ 4,276
Valuation -------- 70,!;tOO
Total valuation, real estate ----- 2,784,060
Total taxable "wealth, real and personal - - - 4,898,352
Taxable wealth for 1882 ------ 4,987,585
Collections from merchants and manufacturers (1881) 763.55
Ad valorem taxes and licenses collected - - - 732.92
Collectious from back taxes (1881) - - - - 1,618.58
Commissions on taxes of 1881 ----- 620.90
Ko. of dramshops in the county (1882) - . - 11
Ko. of wine and beer saloons ----- 4
Eate of state license paid for six months by dram sho})
keepers -------- $ 25.00
Kate of county license ------ 125.00
Eate of state license for winc' and beer saloons,
twelve months 25.00
Eate of county license for wine and beer saloons,
twelve months ------- 25.00
Amount of state licenses and ad valorem taxes paid by
dram-shop keepers for year ending July, 1882 - 626.45
Amount of county license^ and ad valorem taxes paid
, by dram-shop keepers for year ending July, 1882 3,027.55
Amount of state licenses and ad valorem taxes, same
period, wine and beer . _ _ - - 132.09
County license for wine and beer, same period - - 132.09
Total amount paid for all . - - - -
Ko. of dram-shops in Fayette (1882) _ - -
License every six months . _ _ - -
Amount paid by saloons (1882) - - - .
Amount paid for wine and beer . . - .
Total amount paid by saloons ----- $793.87
$3,918.18
8
50.00
742.87
51.00
30G KiSTonv or Howard and cuaeiton counties.
TAXES LEVIED, 1882, FOR STATE AND COUNTY PURPOSES.
State tuxes - - --
County revenue --------
County interest --------
Road t;ix, county ---.--.-
Total levy state and county ------
Average sclaool tax --------
AMOUNT PAID FOR BOARD OF PRISONERS, 1882.
For felony cases - - - - - - - -$
^lisdcnieanors ---------
Total amount paid for costs in criminal cases - - $1
Cost of transporting prisoners ------
.40
.40
.50
.10
$1.40
.50
1D7.78
342.50
045.fi;i
$83.15
CHAPTER XA".
POLITICAL HISTOin*.
Politics in the Early History of the County — Earl}' Candidates for OOice — Their Methods
and Devices — Travelling Together Over the County — From 181*3 to 18(10. no Political
Conventions— Two first Elections — Elections of 183S, 18-14, 1846, 1S48, 1851, 18i3S,
1S72, 1874, 1875,1876, 1S78, 1880, 1882- Howard County's Intluence in Politics — What
the St. Louis Evening News said — The Leaders of the VThig and Democratic Parties —
The County trenerally Democratic — Henry Clay Carried the County in 1344 — Harri-
son's Election — The Campaign — The Result — Whigs Give a Grand Ball — Political
Phymers and Poets — Parody — Dilficulty Between General ,lohn B. Clark and Claiborne
F. Jackson — -The Former Challenges the Latter to Fight a Duel — The Correspond-
ence Between Them.
" There is a mystery in the soul of state.
Which hath no operation more divine
Than breath or pen can give expression to."
From 1810 to 1830, or during the first twenty years of the
eount3''s histor}', partj' polities wielded but a slight influence in the
local government of the county. While it is true that many of the
first settlers, from the earliest days, possessed well-detined political
views and tenets, and were thoroughly partisan upon all questions
pertaining to national or state elections, an indefinite number of candi-
dates were usually permitted to enter the race for the respective
county ofiices, and the one possessed of superior personal popularity
generally led the field and passed under the wire in advance of all
opponents.
In the early days it was not at all unusual to meet the energetic
candidate for the sheritFs oflice, the treasurer's office, or the candidate
who aspired to represent the people in the state legislature, astride
his horse, going from settlement to settlement to meet with the voters
of his county at their own firesides, to sleep beneath their humble
roofs, and sup with them at their family boards, to compliment their
thrifty housewives, and to kiss the rising generation of little ones.
The historian would nnt dare draw upon his imagination to sup-
ply the stock of rich, rare and racy anecdotes, moulded and circuhitdl
by these ingenious canvassers, or to describe the modes and methods
by them adopted to increase their populuritv with the people. There
(307)
308 Hi^TOKY OF iio\vai:d and chaiutox counties.
%vas then no press, as now, to perpetuate daily events as they traus-
pired. Many of the mancenvres and callers, successes and failures,
with their pleasures and sorrows, of sixty and more years ago, in this
county, are hidden from us by the shadows of time. Darkness inter-
venes between us, and many sayings and doings of bygone days,
which, could we but penetrate that darkness and gather them in,
would shine out upon the pages of this history " like diamond set-
tings in plates of lead." In vain have we tried through the lens of
individual I'ecoUection to ferret them oui. "Wc could not do it. Our
discouraged fancy drojjped the pencil and said 'twas no use. We
could not paint the picture. A little consolation may be fcnind in
these lines : —
" Things without all remedy
Should be without regard; what's done is done."
In some of these early campaigns the various candidate.-^ for a
single office, and sometimes those running for the ditferent county
offices, would travel together from settlement to settlement throughout
the county. Every camp meeting, log-raising, shooting match, and
even horse race, occurring in the county during the season preceding-
election, was a favorite resort for the electioneer, and every honorable
device was adopted by each candidate to develop his full strength at
the polls.
For many years after the settlement of the county, no political
conventions were held in the county, and the result was that a num-
ber of candidates entered the race for the same office. We shall not
attempt to give the election returns in the county during the entire
period of its political existence, but will give the results as far as ^ve
can. The first election that was held in the county occurred in ISiy,
for delegates to congress. The successful candidates were John Scott
and Samuel Hammond. The second election was held in 1820, for
the purpose of electing live delegates to the convention to frame a
state constitution. Benjamin H. Reeves, N. S. Burckhartt, Duff
Green, John S. Findley and John Kay were elected:
ELECTION OF 1838.
For congress — Harrison (Federalist) - . - - . 886
Miller " - - - - - 8N1
Allen (Whig) - - - - - 671
Wilson "' - - - - - 642
Election of 1840 we mention further on in this chapter.
HISTORY OF HOWAKD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. 309
1844.
Benton Ticket. Anti-Benton Ticket.
Governor.
E.Uvards - - - 981 Allen - - - - 908
Lieutenant-Governor.
Young - - . - 975 Almond . - . 897
Conr/rf-ss.
Price - - - - 979 Sims - . . - 831
Parsons - - - - 8.^-5 Hudson ... 824
Bowlin - - - - 978 Boone - - - - 819
Eelfe - - - - 982 Thornton - - - 817
Phelps - - - - 980 Jones - - - - 819
Leonard (Whic) for state senate, ------ 953
Rawlins (Demr,) " " " - - - - - - 9G3
Da\'is (Whig), house of representatives, . - - - 974
Woods " << w '<---.. - 964
C. F. Jackson (Dcni.)" " - 900
C. Jackson *< .. '...--.- 958
184(5.
Green, for congress, ---- .--- 903
Miller, " ' - - 873
Jackson was chosen representative.
1848.
Austin A. King received 991 votes for governor, J. S. Rollins
879 ; T. L. Price, 984 votes for lieutenant-governor : J. S. Green, 990
votes for congress; C. F. Jackson for state senator, 986, J. B. Clark,
8i;2 ; H. W. "Smith for representative, 973 ; John Dysart, 862.
1851.
For sxqveme judges — William Scott, 482; John F. Rvland
135 ; H. R. Gamble, 448 ; William B. Napton, 392 ; Pevton R. "Hay-
den, 414; Philip Williams, 5; William T. Wood, 273; Charles
Jones, 6; Priestlv H. McBride, 111. For judaje circuit court,
William A. Hall, 727.
ELECTION 1868.
For President and Vice-President United States: —
Seymonr and Blair ------- 1206
Grant and Colfax ....--. 163
J- F. Williams, congress, ------- 1256
310 HISTORY OK HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
A. F. Dcniiy, congress, ------- 1(13
G. H. Buickhiirtt, circuit jiidije, - ----- 1270
J. D. Keebaugh " "^ Kit;
S.C.Major, Jr., circuit attorney, ----- l]ns
George Quinn " "._---- 15s;
T. B. Road, state senator, ------- liG'J
Geo. McCiillough " ------- 142
L. A. Brown, representative, ------ 1205
Rice Patterson, sheriff, ------- 1277
H. P. White, assessor, ------- 12ti5
J. M. Reid, treasurer, ------- l2i;9
M. A. Taylor, judge county court, ----- 1231
S. C. Major, public administrator, ----- 12(.)i>
Joshua T. Allen, surveyor, ------- 1238
T. G. Deatherage, superintendent public schools, - - - 1270
J. D. Pickets, superintendent of registration, - - - 12(59
J. M. Pierce, Coroner, - - - - . . . 1253
ELECTION 1872.
For President and Vice-President United States: —
Greeley and Brown - - - - - - -1972
Grant and Hamlin ------- 873
John B. Clark, Jr., congress, ------ 2008
Mark L. Demoth " - - - - - - ,- 85 <>
James il. Bean, state senator, - - - - - '- 2til7
Wm. J. Ferguson " " - - - - - - - 858
Jolui "Walker, representative, ------ 2003
James D. Keebaugh " - - - - - - - 847
John M. Hickman, judge county court, - - - - 2ti23
John McConley 14 *' ^ - - - - . 847
William O. Burton, sheriff, ------- 1879
P. W. Land .'..----. S06
C. E. Burckhartt, collector, ------ 2022
Thomas AVard " - - - - - - - 837
J. M. Reid, county treasurer, ------ 201B
L. C. Patrick " ^ ...... . 851
HaiTison Cross, assessor, ------- 2020
E. S. Davis " ._----- 845
J. H. Robertson, county attorney, ----- 1988
J. B. Harriston, superintendent public schools, - - - 2018
David Wilson " " " - - - - 842
S. C. Major, public administrator, ----- 2023
Jesse R. Evans " " ------ 837
H. C. Shields, county surveyor, ------ 2018
Harrison ilorris " " ------ 848
Jim Williams, coroner, _._---- 2742
HISTOKY OF HOWARD AM) CIIAKITON COUNTIES 311
ELECTION 1874.
J.'liii B. Clark, Jr., congress, ------ IS40
(roorire n. Burckhartt, state senator, ----- 1771-
U. BrCaples «< 4. ----- i8o7
H.C.Cockerill .... ... - - 14
G. W. Monreliead, representative, ----- 1787
Iii-uatiiis Naylor " --_--. 13
VV. W. Coekeril!, registrar, ------- o.'>.5
C. E. Biirckhartt, countv collector, .... - 187ti
V. J. Leland, sheriff, -" ------- 18.59
James Wildhart --------- 14
Jacol) Fislier, county treasurer, - - - - - - 1817
Joseph H. Finks, clerk of circuit court, - . . - 1907
Wm. A. Dudgeon " '< "---.. 25
Win. H. ]\loss, county assessor, -..--- 1802
Joseph Robinson " " .--_.- 14
B. H. Tolson, judge of county court, - _ - - 1728
J. R. Shepherd '^ " «<-.-_. 17
SPECIAL ELECTIONS 1875.
/■o?' Member ConstihdioiiaJ Convention January 20. ISTo.
H. M. Porter --.-..--- 451
A. M. Alexander --------- 454
A. J. Herndon --------- 35
L. A. Brown --....--- tj3
John Walker _..------ 45
Henry Fort --------- 14
HELD MAY 4, 1875.
For ^hmher Constitutional Convention.
Thomas Shackelford ---.---- 9(i2
Burckholder -------- 8(i
NOVEMBER, 1876.
For President and Vice-President United States: —
Tilden and Hendricks ------- 2372
Hayes and Wheeler 1048
ELECTION 1878.
J"hnB. Clark, Jr., conirress. ------ 233!>
M. L. Demoth "" 1
Jo. H. Finks, representative, -.--.. 2339
312 IIIbTORY OF HOWARD AXD CHAKITO.V COUNTIES.
L. A. Brown, reprc-scntatiNe, - - - - - .- 85'.)
"W. C. KiiMus, circuit clerk, ------- 23(J8
I. N. riouck " -------- 8.3.5
S. B. Cur.ninghain, county clerk, ------ 3l>S5
John 11. Gallemore, ussesior, ------ 2209
J. H. Fclaiid ..------- 942
Stephen Cooper, collector, ------- 2202
W. B. Strode, " ------- 990
X. B. Cooper, sherill", - - - - - - - - 1227
J. Y. Miller >>-------- 949
J. Fisher, county tre.-isiirer, ------ 3195
J. T. Smith, probate judge, ------ 314L>
J. II. Kobertson, prosecutiiio; attonic}", . - - - 21G4
G. A. Perkins " ^ «..--- - 921
E. ^y. Ens-art, coroner, ------- 3095
C. J. Waiden, --------- 63
John ]M. Hickerson, presiding justice county court, - - . 312(5
K. A. Eowlaiid, judge county court, first district, -. - 124()
E. L. Duyis, " «' '"''<' - - 194
M. Markland " " " second district - - 480
ELECTION 1880.
For I^re-iident and Vice-President United States: —
Hancock and English ------- 2047
Garfield and Arthur - - ----- - lltiij
John B. Clark, consrcss, - - - - - - . - 2037
James C. Hoherling^" ------- 1452
George H. Burckhartt, circuit judge, ----- 2305
Walter A. ]Martin. " " - - - - - 1051
Owen T. Qouse, state senator, - - - - - - 2115
George \V. Sniiser " " - - - - - - 947
Joshua E. Benson " •• ------ 450
Samuel C. Major, representatiye, - - - . - 1922
James H.Boggs •' ------ 1301
Stephen Cooper, collector, ------- 2199
Eobert T. Kingsbury " ------- 1341
Jacol) Fisher, treasurer, - - - - - - - 3508
Nestor B. Cooper, sheriff, ------- 2182
Boyd M. McCrary " 13f.8
Eobert C. Clark, prosecuting attorney, . - - - 2119
Green A. Perkins " ".-,-- 1345
John P. Gallemore, assessor, ------ 2229
William D. Warden " - 1294
Willard W. Cloyd, surveyor, ------ 2227
Thomas Owings, public administrator, ----- 2161
Jos. Hackonsmith " " . - - - - 1363
Vou Q. Bonham, coroner, ------- 2194
Wm. M. Crawford " 1340
HISTORY OF nOWAl;D AXD CHAKITON COUNTIES. oK^
ELECTION' 1882.
,In!m Co^grove, concfress, - - - - - - - 1738
\V. C. Aldridge ^" ----... 1208
H. W. Cockrell, representative, ------ lst)2
W. L). Jackson " --.--. iior>
H. C. Tindall, clerk county court, ----- ig6t)
G. H. Wallace w .. ' .. . - . . - 1133
V. J. Lcland, sheritl', -------- 1831
.1. H. Feland " - - - - - - - - 1155
X. R. Cooper, collector, ------- 1S20
G. W. Cason " ------- 1171
Iv. C. Clark, prosecuting attorney, ----- 1798
J. H. Eobertson " " " " . . - - . 1159
II. A. Norris, presiding judge county court,- - - - 1774
J.C.Woods i< " w 41 " ,1 . . . . ^219
George J. Winn, judge first district circuit court, - - - 1037
!■!. F. Eobinson " " " " "- - - 521
John C. Lee " second " " »> - - - 773
J.W. Boggs " " " .'''--- 66R
J. T. Smith, judge of probate, ------ 1881
Thomas Ward " '• - - - - - - 112(>
AVm. A. Dudgeon, county treasurer, ----- 182y
M. Lehman " " - - - - -1172
II. K. Giveus, coroner, - - - - - - - 1824
J. T. Bailey "-------. 1191;
Hanip. B. Watts, assessor, ------- 17.S5
B. M.McCrary " ------- 1203
Howard county tor many years, even as late as the war of 1861,
wielded more power in politics than any other county in Missouri.
In 'reference to this fact, the St. Louis Evening 2i^et':s, of June 3,
1852, says : —
How-ard county, in this state, has for a good while been regarded
as a sort of Deliihic region in the matter of politics, especially with
the democratic party of ^Missouri. There are long heads and shrewd
fingers in old Howard, and the democratic politicians there " know
the ropes" and pull the wires about as skilfully as any other men in
the country. The whigs of that county are likewise extremely
"well-developed" in all that pertains to a masterly vindication of
the principles of good government. They ma}' he defeated now and
then, by a philistine, who plows wnth a locofoco heifer, but thev
never lose the spirit and courage, which a consciousness of right
always gives to men of true chivalry.
The Jetlerson City scheme was concerted in Howard county,
and a very pretty dead-fall it has proved to man}' scores of the truest
sort of Benton democrats. The " nullitiers " about Fayette, are
the old regency of Missouri, and they plariuod ihe Jefferson City
314 - IIliTOKY OF IIOWAKD AND CllAKITON COUNTIES.
" slaughter-house," with the sole purpose of taking tlio hide and
tallow from the friends of the ex-scnator of Missouri.
They succeeded prett}' ^v•ell — we may say, admirably well.
They got what they went for. But tliey have got rather more than
they wanted. They have got the hoofs and horns of the Missouri
bull — right after him. Any one wiio has been made to quake by
the unearthly bellowings of a herd of cattle, who have come upon
the scene of the murder and spilt blood of one of their comrades,
can appreciate the terror that Benton, and the Beuton line of the old
Jacksonian democracy, will soon send into the ranks of the butchers
who slew so many of the honored members of that family at JelVer>i)n
City.
That Hf)ward county wielded more intinence in politics than any
otiier county in the state, from 1825 to 18t^0, there can be but little
doubt, and, when we consider the number, character, and intelh'ctual
calibre of her politicians and prominent men, we are not at all sur-
prised that this statement is true of the period named. Such men
as General John B. Clark, Sr., Governor C. F. Jackson, Governor
John G. Miller, Colonel Joseph Davis, Colonel James H. Birch, Judge
Abiel Leonard, and a score of other men, scarcely less able and dis-
tinguished, would have been conspicuous anywhere as leaders of men
and champions of a great cause. The democratic party has been
the predominant party in politics, but occasionlly, the whig candi-
date, because of his popularity, would succeed in representing the
couuty in the general assembly. The difl'erence between the two
parties, at some of the earl}' presidential elections was not very great.
In 1844, Henry Clay carried the county by forty-four votes. Take for
instance the presidential election of "William Henry Harrison, in the
year 1840. That was one of the most exciting, and perhaps the
most hotly contested of all elections that ever occurred in Howard
county.
The campaign for the whigs, was in the hands of Judge Leonard,
General John B. Clark, Sr., Colonel James H. Birch, and otliers who
were ably supplemented by the Boone's Lick Times, an aggressive
and wide-awake paper, edited at the time by Cyril C. Cady. The
democratic party was led by Claiborne F. Jackson, John G. Miller,
Governor Boggs, and others, and suitported by the Boone's Lick
Democrat, which was also a strong and intluential paper, and ilevoted
to the cause of its party.
The campaign was opened in the spring of 1840, at Fayette,
when General Clark and Colonel Birch addressed a meeting of whigs.
In May following, a Tippecanoe club was organized with Major Gerard
Robinson for president.
HISTOKV OF HOWARD ANO CIIAKITOX COUNTIES. 31.1
Tlio election resulted as follows in Howard county. Whigs
lutu'kcd thus *. Others Democrats.
For Governor. — Clark,* 789 ; Keynolds, 892: Bogy, 781 ; M.u-
muduko, 887.
For (Jonrp-ess. — Samuel* 78U ; Sibley, 781; Edwards, 891;
Miller, 890.
State. Senate. — Coojjer,* 755; Rawlins, 871.
House of Bepresentativts. — Birch,* 748; Kring,* 748; .An-
derson,* 748; Jackson,* 741; Peeler, 886; Bouldin, 870; Jack-
sou, 859 ; Redman, 847.
Although the whigs were defeated in Howard count}', they felt
so happy over the result of the election of General Harrison, that on
the 5th of December following, a grand ball was given at Favette
in honor of the victory and called the " Harrison ball." The tloor
managers upon that occasion, were Judge Leonard, Colonel Davis,
George W. Given, \Y . T. Tyler, L. Bumgardncr, D. Kunkle, J. T.
Cleveland, George W. Ward, C. P. Brown, and others.
During Harrison's campaign, there were a greater nrimber of po-
litical rhymers and poets than ever before or since known in similar
campaigns. There was hardly a paper issued that did not contain
one or more eulogistic or denunciatory poems on the candidates for
the presidential otlice. In the Boone's Lick Times of 1840, a parodv
on the poem entitled Hohcnlinden, ^vas written for that paper bv a
local poet, and being an ingenius production, we hero reproduce a
portion of it : —
On the Wabash whjn the sun was low,
In ambush lay the hidden foe.
And dark as winter was the tiow
Of Wabash, rolling rapidly.
But Harrison saw another siijht,
When the drum beat at dead of night.
Commanding tires of death to light
The darkness of the scenery.
Bj' torch and trumpet fast arrayed.
Each freeman drew his battle blade,
And furious every charger neighed,
To join the dreadful revelry.
******
See Harrison rush from place to place.
While smoke and fire begirt his face.
To crush the assaulters of his race.
With Kentucky's gallantry.
******
Hark! how the falling foes retreat,
Bold Harrison's victory is complete.
And every turf's a winding sheet.
Of some Indian warrior.
316 HISTOHY OF nOWAKU AXU CHAKITOX COUNTIES.
While there was much rejoicing auiong the whigs of Howard
county over the result, there had grown out of the contest a hitter aU
tercatioa between General John E. Clark, Sr., and Governor C. F.
Jackson, which was occasioned by Governor Jackson giving publicity
to a private letter written by General Clark, to Colonel James H.
Birch. Below we give the correspondence in full, in reference to tiie
matter, which almost ended in a duel.
Fayf.tte, September 14, 18-10.
Siu : In tlie course of a correspondence respecting a letter
purporting to have been written to me by General John B. Claris,
from Versailles, on the 9th of July last, and published in the Demo-
crat oi i\\^ 9th instant, I have been referred to you as having furnished
it to the gentleman who caused it to be pul)lished. ]My right to de-
mand, not only its restoration, but to be informed when, where, and
in what manner you became possessed of that letter, v;ill, of course,
be recognized at your earliest convenience.
Eespectfully,
Your obedient servant,
J. II. Birch.
Fayette, Septem.ber IC, 1840.
Mr. James II. Birch:
Sir : Your letter of the 14th instant in relation to General
Clark's letter addressed to you from Versailles, on the 9th of Jnlv
last, has been received.
That letter was found by me with some other papers in my hou.^e,
some two weeks after the close of our late election. Whether it fell
in my possession by an exchange of saddle-bags, or was placed in my
own saddle-bags by mistake, is a matter that I do not know, and
cannot determine. The saddle-bags which I was using at the time
were borrowed, and I am not informed sufficiently to determine more
explicitly, how this letter came into my possession, than above stated.
That letter is still in the possession of the editor of the Demorrat, as
you have already been informed by C. F. Jackson, E.-q., and can lie
had at any time when applied for, and by leaving with the editor a
written statement acknowledging its authenticity.
Respectful!}', Owex Eawlixs.
Fayette, September 11, 1840.
C. F. Jackson, Esq.:
Sir : Your name having been surrendered by the editor of the
Democrat, as the author of a communication which apjieared in that
paper on AVednesday last, over the signature of " Anti-Fraud," I em-
brace the earliest practicable moment to call your attention to the im-
putations which it seems to convey, in derogation of my personal
honor.
Desiring, nevertheless, in a matter of so much delicacy, that you
should have an opi)ortunity of reviewing those strictures and frankU'
HISTORY OF H0WAI;D ANU CHAKITON COUNTIES. 317
stating whether tiiey wore oiihcr originally intended to convey such
impiitations, or are, Ironi your suhiequent retlections, jiistitieJ either
\>\ the tenor of" my alleged letter to Colonel Birch, or in any other
act of mine, I have reqnested Colonel Birch to wait upon you -syith
this note, and ask you to mention the time against which 1 may be
favored with a reply. IJespecttuUy yours,
John B. Clark.
Fayette, September 12, 1840.
Sir: Your note of yesterday, by Colonel Birch, has been re-
ceived. If there be any particular part or parts of the comnmnicatiou
in question which, in your o).iiniou, reflects on j'our " persoual honor,"
and you will iioint them out, they will be considered, and such reply
given as the facts in the case may warrant. I take this occasion to re-
mark, that I cannot consent to receiving any further communications
from you by the hands of Col. Birch, connected with this subject.
The relation which he bears to the matter under consideration, in mv
opinion renders it improper.
Ver}' respectfully,
C. F. Jacksox.
General John B. Clakk.
Fay'ette, Seiitember 12, 1840.
Sir: If my note of yesterday be of doubtful or uncertain con-
struction, it resulted either from the imperfection of our language or
my incapacity to adapt it to the jiurpose intended. By recurring to
that note, you will discover that my object w-as to call your attention
to tlie communication signed " Anti-Fraud," and to know of vou if
you intended by that communication, or any part of it, to reflect on
my personal honor. If so, it was further designed to suggest to you
a review of those strictures, and then to demand of your candor
whether the tenor of ray alleged letter to Colonel Birch, or any act of
mine, justified such imputation. Being thus in possession of my ob-
ject and purposes, and perceiving no further reason for suspending
your reply, I shall await its reception at your earliest convenience.
The suggestion you have made, concerning the double relation by
which Colonel Birch has been thus far connccte<] with this transaction,
coupled with the more ample explanation of your friend. Dr. Scott,
relieves that gentleman from any embarrassment in declining the fur-
ther prosecution of a duty, which he reluctantly assumed in the first
instance, at my reiterated solictaition.
Respectfully,
John B. Clark.
C. F. Jackson, Esq.
Fayette, September 12, 1840.
Sir: I have received your note of this date by the hands of Mr.
Leonard.* Personally, I have naught against you, ;ind have ii<>t
~iuiglit to make an attack U[ion your ••personal honor."' ily o'ojirt
in writing the article published in the last Democrat, signed, " Anti-
♦ Judge Abiel Leonard.
(22)
olS UISTOEV Ol' JIOWAKD AND CHARITOX COUNTIES.
l-"i'au(l," was to exi>o.-e the politii'al fnuid -which, I consider, Lad l)ccn
jnit iindor way to dcccivo tlie Dcniooratic party, and in that uiattcr
my views remain \\ii()l!y nnclianged.
Very resjiect fn 1 1}' ,
C. F. Jacksov.
Genekal John B. Clakk.
Fayette, Septoujhcr 14, iJ^tO.
Sin: Your note of the 12th, was received hite on Saturday
evening. It is wholly unsatisl'actriry. I therefore demand of }ou a
personal interview-. My friend, Mr. I^eonard. is -authorized to arrange
all necessary preliminai'ies on my pait. with the understanding that
if other engagements should withdraw him before its final adjustment,
another geutiemaii ^^"ill he substituted in his place.
Yours,
John B. Clark.
C. F. Jackson, Esq.
Fayette, September 14, ]s40.
Sir : I ha\'e a few moments since received your note of this
date.
The interview demanded can be had. My friend. Dr. Scott, is
now absent ; on his return he will atten<l to arranging the prelimina-
ries necessary on my part. Yours, etc.,
C. F. Jack.son.
Fayette. Seiitember 1.5, 1840.
Sin: In compliance with the note of my friend C. F. Jacksori,
Esq., of yesterday, I herewith enclose you the terms, the time and
place, that my friend proposes to give General Clark in the interview
invited by him.
1. The parties to meet at si.x o'clock to-morrow morning, within
one mile of the town of Fayette, the place to be selected by vou and
m\-self this evening.
2. The parties to be armed with rifles, with caliln-es to carrv balls
weighing not less than fifty-si.x to the pf)und.
3. The distance to be seventy vards.
4. The parties to take their stations in the position of " jiresf-nf
arms."
.5. After the parties shall have taken their respective stations, t!ic
word ''fire" shall be given immediate!}', after which the wmiN
'' Oiie," " tico," "three" shall l)e given, and between the word-
'' fire " and " three," the parties shall fire ; the giving of the word to
be balloted for by vou and myself.
t). No persons to l>e admitted n[ion the groinnls except the sec-
onds and surgeons. - Respectt'nllv,
C. K. Scott.
A. Leonard, Esq.
Fayette, September 15, isjo.
Dear Sir: I have no olijection to the terms [iroposed in vonr
letter to me of this evening, with the exception of the " place."
HlSTOiiY OF HUWAKD AXD CHARITON COUNTliCS. 31!'
I caiiiKit consent to advise thv friend to meet Mr. Jack-on at anv
[)lace in this state. So far as the knowledge of the practice of tliis
state iu matters of tiiis kind extends, tlie phice proposed is unnsnal
and without precedent. Such a meeting' would subject both principal
and friends to penalties and inc(niveniences that mav be readih'
avoided by a mcetinii elsewhere.
I hope, therefore, that it will meet your views to name a place
not liable to the objections suggested. Yours respectfully,
A. LEOXAKr).
Du. C.E. Scott.
Fayette, September l.>, 1840.
Sin: I have noted tlic contents of your note of this day's date,
and cannot consent to any alteration in the place of ineeeting [ivo-
posed in niv former communication. KespectfuUy yours,
'C.R. Scott.
A. Leox.^ru.
to the plblic.
I pronounce Chubornc F. Jiu'kson a cold-blooded slanderer, a
reclaimless scoundrel and a blustering coward, the truth of which 1
pledge myself to establish the moment m}' engagements will permit
me sufficient leisure. I will take the same occasion to render to my
fellow-citizens the most ample explanation in relation to a letter
alleged to have been written by me to Colonel Birch, on the !'th of
July last. JoHX B. Clauk.
Wednesday, Sei->tember IG, 1840.
CHAPTER XYI.
PHYSICAL AND GKOLOGICAL Ff;ATUKE.-3. I
The area of Howard couiily is about 4i)3 sijuare miles, with a
(Voiitagc oil tlie Mi?-oin-i river oa tlie west and south ot' thirty-four
miles.
It oriiriually consisted nearly altogether of timber, with twi>
siDall upland and two bottom prairies, which have long since been
under tribute to the husbandman. The bluil's near Cla>gow rise to a
height of 2(10 feet above average -water mark in the ^lissouri ; and
this probably is about the general elevation of the highlands through-
out the county. The river blutl's at the western border of the coun-
t}', are steep and sometimes perpendicular, but on the southern
l)order are inoi'e gentle. The streams often pvirsue their way 150 feet
Ijelow the tops of the ridges, and the valleys are connected with the
ridges by long and very easy slopes.
The soiuhern portion of the county is not as hilly as some othei-
districts. A\'e have near the Missouri some steep blutl's with white oak
growth. Near the Bomie Femme and south of Fayette for several
miles extending to the Missouri blutl's, is a tract of rich, rolling,
heavily timbered land, including many varieties of excellent timber,
such as v.'liite, red and rock chestnut oak, black walnut, elm, hickorv.
white walnut, ash and linden. Southeastwardly from Fayette, is a
similar country, and also westwardly, to (Tl.isgow, but here it is more
hilly.
Towards Boonsboro, and west, an occasional sharp and crookcl
ridge occurs, covered with a heav}' growth of chietiy white oak.
The northwestern part of the comity sustains a growtli of timber
similar to that lying south, but the country is not so hilly, and in fact,
the slopes are quite gentle.
The northeastern part of the county is broken and hilly, and
sustains cliietly a grcjwth of white and post oak.
Black and white walnut are very abundant, lieing very common
overniost of the county. Blue ash and sassafras abound, this county
l»eiug almost the western limit of the former in north Missouri. The
spice bush (Laurun bci\~oin), is common on the Missouri hottiuii>,
i)Mt dog-wood {Corimti foridn), is rare, and i-- not [U'oljaidv t'ouiid
(320)
HISTOKV OF HOM'ARD ANO CUAKITO.V COL'NTIKS. 321
fiirtlier west. iLmy <>f the trees on the ridges, iiicludini: walnut,
white o:ik, red oak und rock chestnut oak, attain a great size. One
of the latter measured thirteen feet three inches in circumference,
tliree feet above the ground. This tree was on the Missouri bluffs ; in
the bottoms, Cottonwood, elm and sycamore grow to a very large size.
The principal streams in tlie eastern part of the county, are Mon-
iteau creek ( ^lanitou) with its tributaries, and Bonne Femme. This
last rises about the middle of township 52, range 15 west, and flowing
in a southerly direction, empties into the Missouri about three miles
below Boonville, Cooper county. The principal tributary of ^Moniteau
creek in this county, is Hunger's Mother,* which heads in the north-
west part of township 51, range 14 west; and the principal one of
Bonne Femme is Salt Fork, rising in the southeastern part of town-
ship 52, range 15, and flowing southwest empties into the Bonne
Femme in tlie northwest quarter of section 30, township 51, range 15.
Other streams flowing southward, are Salt Creek aud Sulphur
Creek, aud those running westward, are Richland, Hurricane, Gregg's
and Bear creeks and Dox3''s Fork. They all run into the Missouri,
and some of the smaller ones on entering the bottom, waste their
waters on the flats and are lost.
* Tliis stream, it is said, receiveii its name from a party of tiunters, early settlers, who
were hunting bears, and meeting with no success, got out of meat on this creek. Bad
weather came upon them, and they were prevented from hunting, and threatened with star-
vation. Thev therefore christened the creek "Hunger's Mother."
LIST OF COAL B.IXKS.
In the following list there are many localities given at which the
coal is too thin to work, but it must be remembered that the coal
beds mentioned are only those that are exposed or very near the sur-
face at each locality. Except in the eases where the lowest coal (E)
is mentioned, there is every probability of finding a thicker bed by
sinking shafts. Coal is found in every township, and in some of them,
in nearlv everv section.
322
HISTOKV OF HOWAUD AND ClIAKITON COUNTIES.
Locality.
Q. F. Bench
S. T. Garner
/
13" M.McCran""!
?
S. Garvin
Hatfield
Mrs. Hackley
1
Pierce
Mrs. Howard
Judge McCaffertv
Judge McCatJerlv
T.B. Harris "
M. Reynolds
James Ware
Patti.-oii
Eioe Pattisim
James Sperry
Richard Lee
Dr. Wulker
?
James McDonalJi
Barton*
52
51
N. E.15: 50
N. E. 11 50
i 49
50
50
S. E. 7l
N. E. 10
K.W.27;
N. pt. 17
S. E. 17I
>'. pt. I'-i
20 1
N. E. 2!
S. W. 36'
16,
S.E. 9
X.W.17
S. W.? 17
S.E. 5
S. W. 22
S.E. 5
24?
Coal.
Worked or not.
Inches. |
Not worked at present —
covered.
Not worked.
Has been worked by local
1 smiths.
B? ' Has been worked.
B? i Near Garvin's, and is
I worked.
B? j Covered; worked exten-
I sively at one time.
Not worked.
" (hss benn).
B
N. W. 29 50 ' 15
S. W. 5 49 I 15
S. E. 34 1 49 lo
Worked but little.
Worked for domestic use.
Not worked.
This is at the Bonne Fem-
me bridge, on the Fay-
ette and Rocheport road.
Worked but little.
Covered; has been worked.
Has been worked ; covered.
This was covered ; has been
worked.
* Mr. B.'s coal was covered, ami its position relative to the seueral section could not be ascer-
tained. Everything was in a confused 5t:'.te. Masses of sandstone Xo. 1, and of the rhomboidal
limestone were found, but thev appear to have been transported by water. Tiie coal is fuund in a
valley ruunjng north and south, with the Burlington limestone oil one side and the coal on the
other.
HISTOKY or HO\VAi:U AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
323
McCafferty..
M. Reviiuldi
....■ S. E. 17^ 51
i
.,..: N. E. 2; 51
? ! N. E. 10^ 51
J. Tatums ' W. hf. M". E. 16^ 50
? I s. ^\'. -] 50
Powell ! N. W. 18; 50
1
Grigsby , 19 50
William Daviss S. E. 5:50
1 15
1 to 9
i 15
18?
: 1-5
12
17
24 to 33
' 14
IS to 20
IS to 28
W. hf. 8l 50
I
I I
N. Robb... ' S. E. N. W. 36, 52
i 24
1
16 to 24
C I Not worked.
Hfts been worked u liule.
" I Mot worked.
D j Worked.
" ' Worked occasionallv.
i
" ! Worked.
Not been worked. May
thicken after guini; into
the hill IX distance.
Do not think this coal is
known.
Very a:ood coal ; worked
but little.
N. Pitney
T. .M. Pitney
Dr. J. P. Becks.
Dr. J. P. Becks.,
T. C. Boggs
K.r>igf:=
Skinner..
T. B. Harris..
R. Reynolds..
N. E. 36
52
15
S. E. 25
52
15
32
50
16
29
50
16
4 and 5
49
16
N. E. 8
50
14
N. E. 18
51
15
N. E. 20
51
15
S. W. 10
51
15
31' E
39I"
Xot worked.
Worked extensively.
22
E?
Worked.
22
E
30
E
Said to reach 36 inches,
and is worked exten-
sively ; very good coal.
30 '.
Worked.
? "
Not opened.
f
E?
••
MINERAL SPRINGS.
The mineral springs of this count}', from their number and re[)-
utation, are entitled to notice.
They occur in nearly every portion of the county, and nearly all
of them are briny, and from some of them salt was made as much as
sixty-tivf years ago. Formerly it would pay to make salt, but facili-
324 ^n^T()l:Y of H<nvAi;D and ciiauiton countif.s.
tio^ of transi)ortatioii and the low price of tlie iiuported article has
superseded its liome niauufacture.
In importance we iiiiy regard Boone's Lick as of the first, Burclc-
hartt's as of the second, and that of Fayette as of the third chiss.
Boone's Lick is in section 4, township 49, range 17.
There are four salt springs and one well at Boone's Lick, each
one atfording a free supply of water, all rjuite strong of brine. A
white deposit is found on the surface of the ground at some of the
springs, and a black at others.
The first salt was made here in 18U7 by Nathan Boone. His
old works were on a mound in the valley northwest of the main
spring, and just east of a small branch coming into Salt creek from
the west. Other old salt works were on the cast side of another
small branch. Large beds of charcoal and ashes are almost the only
remains of the former works, but salt was made here at various times,
and almost constantly until about the year 1855 or 1856. The salt
made here was sold in 1837 at one cent per pound, and rating a
bushel at fifty pounds, this paid very well. As an evidence of former
work here, v\-e wouM stai:e that for four square miles around Boone's
Lick, the timber has been entirely cut olT at various times for fuel for
the salt works. At the present time these grounds are entirely cov-
ered over with a thrifty growth of young white oak, with- some wal-
nut, black oak and hickory. These trees are mostly six by eight
inches in diameter, but manj- are as much as one foot.
Dr. J. C Heberling, AV. N. INIarshall and others are the present
owners of the property. In 18G9 they began to bore for salt water,
and continued their work until the fall of 1872, when the boring had
reached a depth of 1,001 feet. They then stopped work. At thirty-
seven feet water was obtained ; at sixty-eight feet, weak salt water,
and at 1G3 feet 9 inches, the size of the stream had increased a fourth,
with percentage of salt about the same as the outside stream, or 4.5
per cent.
At a depth of 481 feet they report a vein of salt water, with an
increased strength of one-third. At 707 feet 9 inches a small addi-
tion of water was reached ; also a strong, ofiensive gas, with a cor-
responding increase of strength of the brine from 4.5 — 9 per cent
(double).
A lO-inch square wooden conductor was put into the bottom of
the quicksand, twenty-two feet. Below this a one and one-half-inch
pipe was inserted, from which the flow is about thirty gallons per min-
ute. The volume of water is sufiicient for a two and one-half-inch pipe.
hfstort of howard axd chakiton col.xtiks. '62r>
kuuckhaktt's spuing.
This sprinp; is t-.vo miles west of New Franldiu, at the edge of a
small valley coming iuto the Bonne Femme from the west side. The
water issues forth very freely from the valley clays, not very far from
a hluff of Burlington limestone. A white deposit is formed in the
bed of the branch. In former times considerable salt was made here.
LEWIS SPKI.VG.
The Lev.-is spring, near Glasgow, is on the land of Jno. F. Lewis,
one and one-half miles from Glasgow, on the west branch of Gregg's
creek. The salt water here flows from clay at several places within
a space of twelve feet square. In some places a white, and in others
a black deposit is found in the bed of the rivulet.
There is another small salt spring on Bear creek, just outside of
the limits of Glasgow.
A weak-flowing salt spring appears on the west side of Sulphur
creek, near where it enters the Missouri bottoms.
On the flat below the railroad depot at Fayette, is a salt and sul-
phur spring of about the strength of the Lewis spring. The cattle
have formed, by lickins: ;ind tramping, an extensive lick fifty by one
hundred feet. This was originally known as Bufialo lick, and 2,800
acres of the neighboring lands were originally reserved as saline lands
for the use of the state.
Simpson's lick, or Simitson's tjraneh, tnie mile from the Missouri
bottom, is a weak salt spring. No salt was ever made here, although
the land was entered for " saline lands."
SALT WATER SPRINGS.
There are a number of salt water springs in the eastern part of
tlie county, at a41 of which salt has been made at one time or another.
On Mrs. Wilhite's land, in northwest quarter of section 2, town-
ship 49, range 15, there is a weak salt spring. This was formerly
kno'.vn as the Moniteau lick. Four thousand acres of the adjoining
lands were originally selected for the use of the state. On the
Messrs. Morris land, in section 34, townsliip 50, range 15, there is
another which afl'ords a great deal of water, but which is also weak.
Judge Wade Jackson says that he made salt from the water of each
of tiiese sijrings, but that it required from 500 to 000 gallons of water
to make a bushel of salt. He then dug a well on his place, in section
32(i
HISTORY OF HO\\ARD AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
35, to\vnshiii f>0, I'liiige 15, to the depth of fifty feet. to liincstont, aiul
tliea bored 250 feet. After boring 200 feet he struck salt water, but
it beiug no stronger thnu the water in the springs, he bored lit'ty feet
more, and obtaining no water at that depth, abandoned the cnter-
jirise. It is his opinion that the water obtained by boring contained
less sulphur and magnesia than that in the springs. It all probably
came from the same source.
On Judge ilcCatlerty's laud, in east half of southwest quarter
section IG, township 51, range 15, there is an old lick which is known
as Cooley's lick. Mr. ^IcCatlerty states that salt was first made here
fifty or si.xty years ago, and that John Cooloy made salt at the lick in
1841. He says he first saw the spring in that year, and at that time
there were trees growing up from old stumps that he judged to be
thirty years old. According to Mr. MeCaflerty's calculations, salt
must have been made here as far back as 1811. Mr. CatTerty has
owned the lick fo)- twenty-five ye;irs and made salt in 1862, using the
few remaining kettles that were first used fifty or sixty years ago.
Ke ivas unable to state how much water was required to make a
bushel of salt, but says that in making a bushel he burned four cords
of wood. At one time he would obtain more salt from a certain
amoxmt of water than at another. The water has a sulphurous smell,
and leaves and pieces of wood left in the spring are soou covered with
a yellowish-white coating.
At i\Ir. Adams', in the northwest quarter, section 83, township
49, range 15, there are several salt and sulphur springs combined. In
some the salt predominates and in others the sulphur. They are all
close together and the water is weak, about seven hundred gallons of
it being required to make one bushel of salt. Salt was made here fiftv
years ago.
Quarries of limestone and sandstone are found in various portions
of the county. There is also iron ore, fire-clay, and rock which would
make sood hvdraulic cement.
C li A P T E K X^^II .
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
The Utility of Public SchooU — Public SchoolSystem of Missouri — Comparison with Other
States — Teachers' Institute- — Report forlSS2, Showing Number of White andColere.l
Children — Number of School Houses and Districts — Number of Teachers — Salary of
Teachers — Amount Expended for Fuel — Repairs — Past Indebtedness — Unexpended
Funds — Annual Distribution.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
The following chaptcf is one which we have found hard to write,
owing to the difficnlty in obtaining full and accurate information. It
should be the ntost interesting of all the chapters in the book. We
have erideavored to remain in the realm of the real, and deal as little
as possible in the ideal and imaginative. Comparatively little has been
made a matter of record relating to the early schools of the county.
"What has been so made, and what has been remembered by tlie old
settlers whom we have seen, are here given.
The schools of the county are sharing with the contents of the.
newsboy's bundle, the title of the universities of the [joor. Tlie close
oliservation of the working of the public schools shows that if the in-
duction of facts he complete, it could be demonstrated .that the
public schools turn out more men and women better fitted for business
and usefiduess than most of our colleges. The freedom and liberty ol
the public school aflord less room for the growth of etfeminacy and
pedantry ; it educates the youth among the people, and not among a
caste or class, and since the man or woman is called upon to do with a
nation in which people are the only factors, the education wliich the
public schools afibrd, especially when they are of the superior stam.l-
ard reached in this country, tit their recipients for a sphere of useful-
ness nearer the public heart than can he attained by private schools
and academies.
The crowning glory of Atnerican institutions is the public schoo
system ; nothing else among American institutions is so intensely
American. They are the colleges of democracy, and if this govern-
ment is to remain a republic, governed by statesmen, it must be from
the public schools they must be graduated. The amount of practica
knowlediz-e that the masses here receive, is important bevond measure
(327)
328 IIIM'OKY OF HOWARD AND CIIAIUTOX COUNTIES.
and foniis the chief factor in tiiP problem of niateriarpro^perity ; l)Ut
it is not so much the practical knowledge, which it is the ostensible
mission of tliu public schools to impart, that makes this system the
slicet anchor of our hopes. It is rather the silent, social inlhionce
which the common scliools incidentally exert. It is chiimeil for our
country that it is a land of sociid ccpiality, where all have an equal
chance in the race for life ; and yet there are many things which gi^"e
the lie to this boasted claim of an aristocracy of manhood. Our
churches are open to all, but it is clear that the best pews are occupied
by the men of wealth and influence. The sightless goddess extends
the scales of justice to all, Init it will usually appear that there is
money in the descending beam. It requires money to run for ofTice,
or, at least, it takes money to get office. The first experience of the
American citizen of to-day, however, is in the public schools. If he
is a rich man's son, his classnnite is the son of poverty. The seat
which the one occupies is no better than that occupied by the other,
and when the two are called to the blackboard, the fine clothes of the
rich man's son do not keep him from going down, provided ho tie a
drone, neither do the pateiics on the clothes of the jio(jr man's son
keej) him down, provided he has the genius and the ap[)lication to make
liim rise. The pampered child of fortune may purchase a diploma at
many of tljc select schools of the land, hut at the public schools it is
genius and application which win. That state or nation which reaches
out this helping hand to the children of want, will n<jt luck for de-
fenders in the time of danger, and the hundreds of thousands of dol-
lars annually expended iov the common education of children, is but
money loaned to the children, which they will pay back with com-
pound interest, when grown to manhood. In a common, unassuming
way, our schools inculcate lessons of common honesty. The boy hears
his father make promises, and sees him break them. Mr. Jones is
promised twenty dollars on ^londay, he calls on Monday and again on
Tuesday, and finally gets the twenty dollars on Saturday. The boy-
goes with his father to church, and frequently gets there after the tirst
prayer. In vain does that father teach his boy lessons of common hon-
esty, when the boy knows that the father disappointed Jones, and
never reaches the church in time. The boy soon learns at the pul)lic
schools that punctuality and promptness are cardinal virtues ; that to
be tardy is to get a little black mark, and to be abseut a day is to get
a big black mark. A public school in which punctuality and prompt-
ness are injpartially and fearlessly enforced, is a most potent conser-
vator of public morals.
HISTUKY OF HOWAKD AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
32S>
It has l)ceii often said that tlie state of [Missouri has not only been
inditfei'ent to the sulijeet of education, but that she has been hostile to
the cause of coniiuon schools. To prove that these are gross misrep-
resentations, and that her attitude towards an interest so vital and pop-
ular does not admit of any question, it is only neces.sary to say that
the constitutions of 1820, 18(i5 and 187-') make this subject of primary
importance and auard the public school funds \\'itii zealous care. The
fact is, the constitution of no state contains more litieral and enlight-
eneil jn'ovisions relative to popular education than the constitution of
Misscnii'i, adopted in 1875. Durinir the past si\tv-two years ot' her
existence not a solitary line can be found upon her statute books in-
imical to the cause of education. Xo political party in all her history
has ever arrayed itself apxinst free schools, and her governors, each
and all, from 18i?-l to the present time (1882), have been earnest ad-
vocates of a broad and liljeral system of education, As earlv as 1839,
the state established u general school law and system.
In 1853, one-fourth of her annual revenue was dedicated to the
maintenance of free schools. Her people have taxed themselves as
freely for this cau^e as the peo^jle of any other state. With the sin-
gle exception of Indiana, she surpasses every other state in the Union
in the amount of her available and productive permanent school funds,
the productive school t'und of Indiana being $l>.(l(;,"i,254.7o, while that
of Missouri is $8,950,805.71, the state of Nmlli Carolina ranking
third. The state of Indiana levies a tax for school purposes of six-
teen cents on the one hundred dollars of taxable values, and does not-
permit a local tax exceeding twenty-five cents on that amount. The
state of Missouri levies a tux of live cents and permits a local tax of
forty cents without a vote of the people, or sixty-five cents in the
country districts and one dollar in cities and towns, by a majority vote
of the tax-payers voting.
For the year ending in April, 1880, only two counties in the state
re[)orted a less rate of local taxation than the maxinmm allowet! in
Indiana, only one the amount of that maximum, and the average rate
of all the counties reported was about thirty-nine cents, or fourteen
cents more than the possible rate of that state. It may not be known
that Missouri has a greater number of school-houses than Massachu-
setts, yet such is the fact. The amount she expends annually tor
public education is nearly double the rate on the amount of her as-
sessed valuation that the amount expended by the hitter state is on
her valuation, while the [jublic school funds of Missouri exceed those
of Massachusetts, $5,405,127.0!).
330 HISTOKY OF UOWAKl) AND CHARITOX COUNTIES.
Tlic Missouri b}\-tein of education is. (lerhaps, as good as that of
ai)}- other state, ami is becoming more effectively enforced each suc-
ceeding 3'ear. The one great fault, or Itick in the laws in reference to
common schools, is tlie want of exccuti\'e agency within the count}'.
The state department should have positive and unequivocal super-
vision over the county superintendent, and tiie count}' superintendent
should have control over the school interests of the county under the
direction of the state superintendent. When this is done the people
of the state will reap the full benefits that sliould riccruc to them from
the already admirable system of free schools which are now in suc-
cessful operation througliout the state.
The public schools of Howard county were organized in 1867,
under the law of 186(1. There had been, since an early date, public
money distributed for the benefit of the children of the poor and in-
digent of the county, but no distinctive public schools taught in the
county until 18G7. These schools were organized generally by Thomas
G. Dcatherage, who, though not teaching at the time, was friendly to
the public schools, and was anxious to see them firmly established
and bearing fruii.
The school districts at that time r.umbered about sixty, and in
each of these a school was organized. The system was not pojiular
at the begiiming, but as time passed, and the schools have gradually
grown better, it has increascil in favor until the public schools are
now liberally patronized.
ENUMER.\TIOX.
The report for 1882, shows the number of white persons in the
county betv>-ecn six and twenty years of age were : Males, 2,131;
females, 1,88G. Colored persons between six and twenty }'ears of
age: Males, 711; females, 580 — making a total of 5,317. This
was an increase over the [)receding year.
The county is at present divided in sixty-five school districts.
To accommodate the number of pupils attending the public
schools, the county has increased from year to 3'car the number of
school houses, initil they now (1883) number about seventy, a ma-
jority of which are neat, frame buildings, a few being brick, but all
constructed with reference to the health, comfort and convenience of
both teachers and jnipils. These pupils are un<ler the care and instruc-
tion of fifty male and forty-two females, making a total of ninety-two
te.ichers. The teachers are, in the main, not persons who have tem-
porarily adopted the vocation of a teacher a- a mere expedient to
irrSTOKY OF IIOWAIID AND CHAIUTON COUNTIES. 331
relievo present wants and with no ultimate aim lo continue teachinir,
hut arc men and women wiio have chosen their pi-ofession from choice,
expecting to prosecute their labors for many years to come. The
male teachers are paid a salary v.-hich averages $36.44 per month,
and the females $37.10 ; the general average being $36.77. We hope
the day is not far distant when Howard countv will be as liberal in
the salaries of her female teachcr.s in the public schools, as Green,
Dallas and a few other counties of our grand and noble state. These
counties have recognized t!ie fact, that the services of the female
teachers are worth as much as the services of the male, and pay her
about an ecpial salary. Why a woman should not be jiaid as much as
a man as a teacher in the public schools is a problem, wo frankly con-
fess, we have never been able to suho upon any reasonable liypothesis.
The sum ])aid to teachers for the school year of 1881 amounted to
$20,640.43; paid for fuel, $678.55; for repairs and rent, $573.10;
past indebtedness paid, $938. Unexpended funds on hand, $8,301.26.
ANNUAL DISTUnUTlON, 1882.
Cash on hand at settlement with county treasurer, in
April,^ 1881 $ 4,974 49
Amount of revenue received from state fund by auditor's
warrant, of 1881 3,975 78
Amount received from county fund, 1881 (interest ou
notes and bonds) ...... 2,418 15
Amount of revenue received from townshi}) fund, in 1881
(interest on notes and bonds j .... 1,534 05
Amount received from district tax in 1881, as per settle-
ment with county treasurer, in .\pril, 1882 . . 21,113 48
Amount received from all other sources, as pvv settle-
ment with county treasurer, in April, 1882 . . 101 30
Total amount ...... $34,117 25
Total amount expended, as shown by settlement with
county treasurer, in April, 1882 .... 25,815 99
Cash on hand $ 8, .301 2i;
Amount of township school funds, . . . . $16,537 60
Amount of county public school funds, . . . 5,849 79
$22,387 39
Amount received during year for tines and penalties . $1,159 97
CHAJ'TEK XYIII.
ECCLESIASTICAL HISTOKY.
Introductory Remarks — Baptist — Christian — Presbyterian and Episcopalian Churches.
For history of ^Methodist Episcopal church. South, the reader is referred to addendum.
INTROUVCTOUY RE:MARKS.
The qtiestion as to which one of the religious denominations
(B;iptist, Methodist, or Presbyterian) first held aloft the banner of
Christ, in Howard county, is extremely problematical. They seem to
have all been equally zealous in the cause of Christianity, in uphold-
ing and sustaining their respective churches. The most authentic
record that we have found in reference to the establishment of the
early churches in this county are tiie memoirs of James 'Si. Peck,
D. b.
Dr. Peck visited the county in iS18, and in writing about the
establishment of his own church ' Bi^ptist), said : —
" During the war, when the r'^op'e had to live in forts, and until
1818, no correctly-thinking per-'i; conld expect Christian churches to
be organized, revivals to follo-^. snd the baptism of converts to be
reported. AVith five Bai)ti-t prcicr.-frs and as many more Cumber-
land Presbyterians and Meth':vr.s. .I'.Iy five Baptist churches, with
numbers not much exceeding or- "i.idred in all, were gathered before
1818."
From the above we find rher^ —ere live Presbyterian ministers in
the county, as early as 181>, sz.i t-;:ally as many j^reachers repre-
senting each of the two den'^- i-irrcs. Which, then, was actuallv
the pioneer religious organize*;. c 'i:ie county we do not know, the
three churches named having ---: ^rxal number of preaciiers upon the
ground as early as 1818.
It is, however, claimed. -Ll: -_jt Baptists erected the first church
edifice, called Mount Plea^:::::. i;f;ir -Jis town of New Franklin. Tiie
first camp-meeting in the c>v.itj -:.- i-ild by the Cumberland Pres-
byterians, in 1824, about :^: z..'.n-^ above Old Franklin, on the
Adkin Lee farm. Among t:e Tr-Xr-'-rs present upon that occasion,
(332)
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CIIARl TOX COUNTIES. 333
wore Eevs. Samuel Phurr, J. ^Y. CiUiipbolI, ;iiid Finis Ewini;-. The
latter was quite a distiiiuuislird preaehcr, iieiiiir tlic t'ouniJor ot" tliat
denouiinution ( Cumberhuid Pros' lytcriaiis). The Methodist? held a-
camp meeting at Clark's chapel, many years afterwards.
ISATTIST CHITRCH.
[rrepareil by Rev. M. J. Bn-akcr.]
General Sl'e'ch. — The Baptists v.-ere the pioneers of reliij;ion in
Howard county, and laid the strong foundation of the education,
morality and religion of the present population. The faitli of the
earliest settlers was th.Lit of rlic Baptists, and the oldest protcstant
oi'giinization now existing in the state, north of the Missouri river,
and jacking but little of being the oldest in the whole state, is the
Mt. Pleasant Baptist church, near Franklin. This venerable church
was organized in 1812, and has had a contiuuous existence ever since.
Il was composed chiefly of persons who had first settled, and had or-
ganized a Baptist church near Loutrc island, in irontgomery county,
but who, having been disturbed by the Indians, came to the Boone's
Lick country for greater security. From Mt. Pleasant the Baptists
rapidly spread all over the country (including the territory now called
Cooper, Boone, Randolph and Clinton counties, as well as Hou-ard ).
For Sf)me years thev wore the only religious denomination having or-
ganized churches in the. county. During that time they were earn-
estly engaged in discharging the- responsibility they felt God had
laid on them. Life in a frontier country was rough, but they found
time and had inclination to attend to the duties of religion. Their
jn-oacliers were illiterate and had to support themselves by manual
labor, but they abounded in ctlbrts to save sinners, and their Master
blest them. The people were scattered over a wide territory, and
often surrounded by savage enemies, but they met for Divine worship,
thoueh they had to take their ritles with them ; and their places of
meeting were often uncomfortable. In the pleasant weather, the
spreading branches of an oak, or an arbor of boughs afforded flue
facilities for preaching and hearing — the preachers had lungs in those
davs, and, report says, th.e sound of their voices could sometimes be
heard for miles ; but in inclement weather they had tc; crowd into the
log cabins of the settlers, or into the but little larger meeting-houses
they were able to erect. The tlrst meeting-hou.-.e in the county and
all the territory north of the ^lissouri river, was that built at Mt.
Pleasant, in about 1816. It was about twenty feet squ.'ire, and was
(23)
004 HISTOr.Y OF IIOWAKD AND CHARITON COI'XTIES.
l)uiU of unlicwa logs. Tlie root' was nuulc of clapboar<ls, ki'iit on by
poles laid on them. The chiiunov was built on four posts in th.c cen-
tre of the house. The house had no windows, and the two doors had
thick shutters. The floor was the native soil. In the middle of the
iloor, under the chimney, a tire was built to warm the worship[)ers,
but, plainly, they were better warmed by a lire within them. The
seats were long stools made of slipt logs. There was no pulpit, but
the preacher stood on the tloor wherever it suited him best. The
babes, which the mothers always lirought with them, amused them-
selves by playing in the wholesome dirt on the floor. But great pros-
perit}' attended these earnest efforts to serve God, so that by 1834 —
just twenty-two years after the planting of the first church — the de-
nomination had increased from one church, with twenty-three members,
to some twelve churches, with upwards of 750 members.
Up to this time the utmost harmony, both in doctrine and practice,
had prevailed ; but now, and for some four years, strifes and schisms
occurred. In 1834, the views of Elder A. Campbell were introduced
into some of the churches, and confusion followed. The result was
that, in some of these churches, the members and preachers were di-
vided, and new organizations were formed. These new organizations
took the name of " The Christian Baptist Church," — so at iU. Pleas-
ant — from which they afterwards dropped the word " Baptist."
In 1835, occurred the great split in the denomination. This was
on the subject of missions. Two A'ears before there had been a simi-
lar split in Virginia on the same subject. One party opposed mis-
sionarv operations by district associations, general associations, state
conventions and general contentions, and likewise opposed Sunday-
schools and niinisterial educatioa. The other part}', which in. this
I)art of the country was in the minority, favored these things. For
some years the points at issue were warmly discussed ; Anally, at a ses-
sion of the Mt. Pleasant Association, at Mt. Zion church, the nn\tter
came to a head. The minority submitted to the majority these prop-
osition, lu'cierringthe first to the second, and the second to the third : —
"1. We are willing to he at peace on the principles of the
United Baptists of the United States.
" 2. We are willing to be at peace if the association will adliere
to its advice given at its last session, giving to all liberty of conscience
on the subject of missions.
" 3. If a division uiion the subject of missions is inevitalde, the
minority proposes tliat it shall be eflectcd by advising th.e churches to
grant to ministers in each churt'h. if the ministers request it, a copy
HISTOKY OF HOWARD AXD CHAEITOX COUNTIK?:. .i-i.)
of the record of the church book ; ;uk1 tliat the majorit}' in each church,
whether for or against the foregoing propositions, retain the regnhir
(lays of meeting anci the church liook. Should the minority in any
case require it, they sliall he entitled to the use of the house two days
in every month, selecting for themselves any other day, Saturday and
Sunday, than those upon which the majority meet."
The majority in the association voted down the first and second
of these propositions, and adopted the third. This divided the denom-
ination. Each party continued the association, hut for a time retain-
ing the old name — "The Mt. Pleasant Association of United Bap-
tists"— but after some years the anti-missionary party changed the
name of their association to " IMt. Pleasant Old School Baptist asso-
ciation."
After this split the missionary party showed great vigor, and
numbers now some eighteen churches and 1,200 members. The op-
posing party has declined to three churches and about 150 members.
Soon after the close of the late war the negro mcmber.s withdrew
and formed churches of their own. These will be more particularly
mentioned below.
BEXEVOLENT WORK.
The Baptists of Howard county have ever been among the fore-
most in the state in the support of the missionary and educational
work of tiie denomination. In 1818 " Tlie ilt. Pleasant Association
of United Baptists" was organized at Mt. Pleasant church. Tlian
this, there are but two older associations in the state — Bethel and St.
Louis — and for many years it was the most efficient body of it.s kind
among the Baptists of Missouri. Until 1880 its main strength had
always lain among the churches of Howard county. Here lived it^
wisest leaders and its strongest supporters. Since 1S80, most of the
churches of the county have belonged to the Mt. Zion Baptist associa-
tion, which was organizei.l in that year at Mt. Zion church, and which
is a vigorous and efficient body.
The general organization of the Baptists of Missouri for missions
and education is the general association, which has exerted a great in-
fluence and done vast good in the state. This l^od}- — tirst called the
"Central Society- or Committee" — took its origin in 1833 from ;i
l)raver-meeting in the house of John Jackson, near Fayette, in tlii>
county, which meeting was composed of Elders Thomas Fristoc,
Ebenezer Eodgers and Fielding Wilhite. For some years the execu-
tive board of the LTcneral association was located in Fayette, and ^[r.
Leland Wright, now a resident in Fayette, was the corresponding
3;5G HiSTOKY OF HOWAKD AXD CilAUITON COUNTIES.
secretary. Ar.d the Baptists of Howani county have never tailed to
support most warnily tiiis £;reat missionary body.
William Jewel! college, Liberty, Mo., is tlie male eolIei;'e ^vhieh
the several rissoeiations founded and fosters. It is the chief Bapti-t
college of the state. Many of its trustees, and some of the mo>t
liberal contrihiiLors to its (mdowment, liave been found among the
Baptists of Howard count}'. And Mount Pleasant college, which
existed for ni any years at Huutsville, partially derived its origin and
its strongest support from the churches of this county. For the past
few years the average annual contributions of the denomination in the
county for Christian work has been about as follows : —
To sustain the preaching of the gospel in the churches. $.3,.30t» ;
missions, education and other benevolent purposes. Si, 200; total,
$4,500.
Ill CHURCHES.
In almost every neighborhood in the county theie has been ami
is a Baptist chnreli. Among the points where there used to be
churches, but where for various reasons they have bectmie extinct or
been removed, maj' be mentioned Boonsboro, Kichland, Old Chariton,
Lower iloniteau. The following list embraces churches now existing
in the county : —
1. JNIount Pleasant church, near New Franklin, was organized
near its present site, April 8, 1812, by Elders David McLain, Coldeu
Williams and John Sneethen, presbytery. The original members,
besides these three preachers, were Samuel Brown, Abraham Grooms,
William Creson and wife, John Berry and wife, William ]\If)nroe,
Stephenson and wife, Mr.i. Winseott, iSancy Goggin, Nancy Cojum,
Joseph Botv, ^Irs. John Sneethen, Sophia Swearingen, Josiah Bo(mi
and wife, Dan Eider and wife. The following have lieen the pastors
till now : David !McLain, William Thorp, Ebenezer Rodgers, ReubLMi
Alexander, William Duncan, Green Core}', Xoah Flood, B. F. T. '
Coke, B. F. Smith, X. X. Buchner, J. D. Murphy, M. H. AVilliam-,
H. ]M. King, E. D. Isbell, M. J. Breaker. The church now numbers
about forty-two members, and worship in an excellent frame house —
union.
2. Mount Zion church grew out of the above, and was orean-
jzed December 20, 1817, at the house of Elislia Toild (now Mr.
Kicharil I'ayne's) by Elders David McLain, Edwarrl Turner, Thomas
Hubbard and Colden Williams. These were the oriL.'inal members :
David McLain and wife, Thoanis Hubbard, Eiisha Todd and wife.
HISTORY or Ho^^•Al:I) and CKAiaiox C(,hntii;s. 337
lleiirv Biiriih;im, Coldeii WiHiuins aiui Ivlwarcl Turner. The tbllow-
iiiL;- li:i\e been the pastors: Edward Turner, William Thorp, Golden
Williams, Fielding Wilhite, William Duncan, Green Corey, Noah
Flood, Thomas Fristoe, B. F. T. Coke, T. H. Olmstead, X. X.
Euchner, G. R. Pitts, W. R. Painter, M. F. AVillianis, B. F. Lawler,
E. D. Isliell. X. T. Allison, M. J. Breaker.
The house ot' worship is a neat frame liuilding, owned by the
church and situated near where the church was organized. Present
membership about thirty — a small but intelligent and active body.
3. Glasgow church is a continuation of the Old Chariton church,
and so also is the Chariton church below. This Old Chariton church
was organized at the town of Chariton, Chariton county (about one
and a half miles from Glasgow), April 8, 1820. The presbytery
consisted of elders John B. Longan, William Thorii, Charles Herry-
man, and Thomas Hensou. The constituent members were : General
Dull' Green, Daniel Riggs, Ebenezer Podgers, John Tooley, Benj. F.
Edwards, John Bowles, David Love, Enoch Morgan, Elizabeth
Bowles, Sully Maddo.x, Kitty Bailey, Nancy Riggs, Ph<ebe Tooley,
Sarah Botts, Sal!}- Love, Nancy Morgan, Lucietia iL Green. The
pastors until 18-iS \vere Wm. Thompson, D. D., E^benczor Rodgers, and
Thomas Fristol, with Addis(ni ]\L Lewis as assistant pastor. In 1827
the church moved fiom tlie town of Chariton to a point aljout two
miles northeast from Glasgow. Here it remaineil until 1861, when it
removed to Glasgow. The pastors from 1848 to 18G1 were Thonnis
Fristol, Addison M. Lewis, A. P. Williams. And from that until the
present time, the pastors have been A. P. Williams, D. D. 'M. L.
Laws, M. J Breaker, J. F. Kemper, W. Pope Yeanuui, D. D., W. F.
PLirris. ^^'hen the church removed to Glasgow it built a sub.^tardial
brick house — now owned In- tiie Presbyterians — which was sold in
in 1866, when the majority of the church withdrew and reorganized
the present Charitcni church. After some years the Glasgow church
built, at a cost of $12,000, the present house of worship, the most
elegant in the county. The present membership is about sixty.
4. Chariton church, about six miles north of Glasgow, is a con-
tinuation of the Old Chariton church just referred to and located at its
present place in 1866. At the reorganization the presbytery was com-
posed of Elders Jesse Terril, Thomas Kilbuck, S. Y. Pitts, and G. W.
Rogers. The pastors from 1S66 until the present time have been W.
R. Painter, F. :M. Wadley, L. M. Berry, M. P. Matheny, A. F. Pear-
son. The church worships in a substantial frame house which it
owns. Present memliership about 130.
33S HISTOKV OF HOWAKD AND CHAUITOX COL'NTIES.
5. Mount Moriali chureli \v:i-< organized August 13, 1S53, by
ciders E')enczer Kodgers and Coldeu Williams. 'J'lic original meniber.s
were Henry Burnliam, Sarah Bnraliani, Samuel Hughes, Naney
Huglies, John Jaelvson, Susannah Jacivson, Jol)n Matthews, Kuchel
Matthews, James Keid, Aljraham Dale, Pleasant Wilson, Susannah
Wilson. Pastors : El>enezer liodgers, A. J. Bartec, William Dunean,
Wm. Thompson, B. T. F. Cake, G. R. Pitts, W. R. Painter, M. F.
Williams, M. J. Breaker. Tlie house of worship is a substantial brick,
situated about four miles west of Fayette, and is owned by the Bap-
tists and another denomination. Present membership about si.xt}'.
6. Roanoke cliurch is a continuation of the old Mount Moriah
church, which was formed about twelve miles north of Fayette in 1826,
but the names of the original members and of the pastors liefore
1836 could not be obtained. In 1S3() the name was cliangod to !Mount
Olive, and after some years the church removed to the town of Roan-
oke, and has been called by that name ever since. The i)astors have
been since 1836, as follows : —
Thomas Fristoe, Jesse Terril, AV. II. ^lansfield, A\'m. Thompson.
Noah Flood, S. G. Pitts, W. L. T. Evans, F. M. Wadley, L. M.
Berry, AV. P. Yeaman, AV. F. Harris. The church owns the lower
story of a substantial frame liouse in Roanoke. Present membership
about 1-20.
7. Gilcad church was organized in April, 1820, by Elders Ed-
ward Turner and Colden AVilliams. Original membership : Edward
Turner and wife, l)aniel Lay and wife, Sally Brashears, Amos Deatli-
erage and wife, Henry Saling and wife, Elizabeth Saling, Jane
Maughan, Paten ]\Iaughan, Henr}- Bowman. The pastors have been
Edward Turner, J. D. Butts, Thomas Turner, A. J. Bartee, AA'illiam
Dunean, Jesse Terril, 11. II. Harris, Noah Flood, AV. R. A\'oods,
Green Carey, AVm. H. Morris, J. D. Murphy, J. AV. Terrill, P. T.
Gentry, M. F. AVilliams, E. D. Isbell, J. B. Dotson, L. M. P.erry.
House of worship is situated about five miles east of Fayette, a
frame bouse, owned in part l)y the Baptists. The present member-
ship of the church is aljout ninety.
8. Fayette church grew out of ^It. Moriah in 1839. The mem-
bers were these : AA'm. Taylor, Emily Taylor, Sarah C. Birch, Olivia
C. Birch, Elizabeth Daly, Louisa Major, Elizabeth ]\Iajor, James
Bradley, Susan AA'ilson, Adelia Garner, Eu[)hemia Turner, Geo. A\'.
Lydiletes, D. E. Seai-cy, David Morrow, Eleanor ^Morrow, ilary Ann
Anderson, Elizabeth J. Searcy, Eliza Holliday, Terry Bradley, Chris-
topher Cockerill, Hardin A. AA'ilson, Amanda Shepard, Eliza Aim
niMOlIY OF HOWAKP AND CKAIIITON' COUNTIKS. OO'J
Eeynolds, Lotty \\'aUs, l'oll_v LitehU'r, John ILmsun, Jane Hanson,
Joliii W. Soarey, Mrs. W. 11. Diokeisuu, John 11. Potts, Priscillii
Price, -Susan, slave of Jos. [Major; Hstlicr, slave of Eunice Payn.c ;
Esther and Eliza, slaves of Mrs. E. Daly. The pastors have been :
A. M. Lewis, Thomas Fristoe. A. B. Ilardy, W. W. Keep, G. C.
Harris, N. Flood, "Wm. Thompson, Green Carey, F. AVilhite, X. X.
Buckner, G. R. Pitts, A. M. King, E. D. Isbell, T. A. Eeid, M. J.
Booker. The house of worship is a substantial frame building, well
situated in the town. The present memliership is about eighty.
9. ]\lount Ararat church was organized in 1SG5 by Elder William
Woods and Jesse Terril. The original moubers were : T. Creesou
and wife, T. Pemberton and wife, William Nicolas and wife, Andrew
Nicolas and wife, Sallie Nii'olas, Eunice Creesou, Jiuie ]\IcGrudci-,
James Ci'eeson, Willis Graves and ■wife, Ruark Graves, Nancy Cree-
sou. Pastors: W. H. AVoods, S. G. Pitts, F. M. Stark," L. A.
Minor. No house of worship is owned by the church, Ijut services
are held in the Pemberton school-house, about eleven miles north of
Fayette. Present membership about soventj'-tive.
lU. Friendship church, about six ujiles north of Favctte, was or-
ganized May y, \^'2'J, by Elders Edward Turner, El)ene2er Eodgeis,
Thomas Turner, A. J. Bartee and Thomas Todd. The original mem-
bers were : Benjamin Cook, Polly Cook, Wm. Cornett, Nanc}' Cornctt,
John Kirby, John Leach, Jemima Leach, Wm. Baskett, Susan Baskett,
Samuel Fields, Ehira Gibbs, John Swetnam, Sarah Swetnam.
The pastors have been: A. J. Bartee, Jesse Terril, AV. H. Woods,
W. L. T. Evans, Joshua Terril, J. D. Smith. Present membership
about seventy-tive. A good frame house is owned by the church.
11. Sharon church was organized Januar\ , 1S77, b}- Elder J. W.
Terril. The original members were W. A. iMorris, Sr., andAvife, B.
O. Morris and wife, Bettie Morris, !Mary J. Morris, J. S. ilorris. Til-
ford Pemberton and wife, Sarah Pemberton, Florence Pemberton,
Henry Hatler, J. C. Taylor, Thomas Magriuler and wife, W. H. [Mor-
ris, Jr., Annie ]\Iorris. The pastors have been J. W. Terril, G. C.
Brown, W. R. Woods. The church partly owns a good frame liou-e
about ten miles north by west from Fayette. Present membershii)
about t^ventv.
12. Boone's Lick church, near Lisbon, was organized January 2<^,
1870, by W. R. Woods and William Kilbuck. pre-bytery. The original
members were Pre-ton V. Smith, Mary Smith, Namn- Cooper. Martha
Booth, J. H. Bodle, Rachel Bodle, Marv Stuart, Marv M. AViscman.
340 KISTOIiY OF HOWARD AND CllAKlTON COUNTIES.
Kicliard Jarlvson, Louisa Garvin, M. E. Ain.iwortli, Mai-'tlia A. Duiiii,
Muiy E. Jolmsoii, Susan Burton, Rohei't Tippett, Catli.iriue Tippott,
Eglantine Headrick. The pastors have l)een Jacl-cson Harris, W. L.
Baskett, Lutiier Ch\vd. The present nien\i)ersliip is about twent_v-
tive.
13. Moniteau clnireli, at Bunker Kill (Myer's post-office) was
organized at the house of ]Mr. John Perkins in lS-17 or 1S4.^, by
Elders J. ^\^ Terril and Green Carey. The original uieuilior.s M-ere
John and Buehel Perkins, Aaron and Willis Andrews, Henry and
Cynthia Lyneh, A. Banes. The pastors have been Jesse Terril,
Bartlett Anderson, James Burton, William E. Woods, W. L. T.
Evans, John Byrum, W. L. Baskett, Green Carey. The church
worships in a good frame house in which it owns a half interest. The
present mcnibershij) is about sixty.
14. Euhaniah chnreh, six miles north by west from Fayette,
■was organized in 1870 b}' Elders ^I. L. Laws, R. J. ]Manstield, W. L.
Baskett, John Byrum and W. R. Woods. The original members
"were Martin and Nancy Andrews, Nancy and William and Van Bureu
Andrews, Bennett Brown and wife, James Y. ?tliller and Ann his wife,
A\'illis Rout and Sally his wife and Nancy his daughter, Harriet An-
drews, Joe Andrews and Fannie his wife, Sti-otta Pritchett and Patsy
his wife, Russia Branham. James Hutson. and Alex, his son and Re-
becca his wife, Roliert and Jimmie Andrews, Mrs. Eaton and Ike,
Kibble, Nancy and Jane her children, John Eaton and Mary his wife,
Lucy Hackley, Eva Hackley, James Miller, James Branham, William
Pulliam, Luther ]*ulliain, Bradley Pulliam, Emma Broaddus, Marv
Hudson, Newton Hudson, George Rout, Franklin Stnith and Bett Ann
his wife, Dcn-a Browning, Nicinda Andrews, Mary Gibbs. The pastors
have been W. L. Baskett and William Kilbuck. The church worships
in a school-house. Present membership is about forty-eight.
15. Mizpali chni'ch, about tour miles northeast of Fayette, \vas
organized in ls72, liy elders ^L L. Laws, ^l. F. Williams, and H.
il. King. The original members M'erc J. Q. Moherly, Prior Burton,
Robert Dougherty, Charles Berkley, Mrs. A. E. Berkley, Mrs. S.
Burton, Mrs. M. E. Moberly, Mrs. ^iary Dougherty, Mrs. H. Georoe,
^Irs. E. Williams, Mrs. J. Patterson, :Mi3s Laura Patterson, Mrs. M.
Jourdan, N. Brown, S. R. Jourdan, Miss N. George, J. Stroby, Mrs.
P. George, Owen Williams. The pastors have been P. S. CoHop. ^sl.
F. Williams, W. K. Woods, J. D. Smith. The church is a union
house, a good frame building. Present meml>ei'sliip about fourteen.
HISTOKV OF HOAVARO AND CHAIIITO.V COUNTIES. 341
Ifi. Sulpliur Sjirin^s church, about tlirec mile.-: northwt^st from
Kochopoii, B(ionc county, was organized Septcuihci- 22, 18>>0, hy
ehlers J. R. Dot.son and B. E. Ilari, with tlie.se members: ,1. H.
Jordan and wife and daughter, Levi Barton and wife, Jolni Farri.<
and \vife, William Dodson and wife, Mrs. L. ilisior, Miss Ada Row-
lings. The pastors have been B. E. Harl, J. B. Starke, J. F. Par-
mer. The church owns a good frame house. Present membcrsliip
iibout forty.
17. Kock Spring chui'ch (old school) is situated about eight
miles west of Fayette. It was organized iu 182.3 by Polders Ebenezer
Eodgers and C. Williams. The original members were the same as
those given for Mount Moriah, for this church is a continuation, in
one line, of the INIount Moriah church. The pastors since 1839 have
l)cen : E. Alexander, A. B. Frioreor, J. W. Akers, ^Martin Duty,
James Bradley, L. B. Wright. In 1872, the name of the church was
changed to its present nairic, and the church built its pi-cscnt sub-
stantial house of worship. The membership numbei's about tifty.
IS. New Hope church (old school), near Bunker Hill, was organ-
ized as early as 1830, hut further information could not be obtained.
The present membership is probably about eighteen persons.
19. Sharon church (old school) has the same location as the
Sharon ciuirch above. It was organized as early as 1826, and is a
continuation of the old ilount Ararat church. It has a membership
of about eighteen persons. No further information could be obtained
concerning it.
N.B. — These three churches do not contain quite all th.e Old School
Baptists in the county. At all the above points where churches were
organized prior to 1835, that organization continued in two lines, and
we have given the line that has kept up an organization till now. In
man}- cases the old school line continued many years parallel with the
other. '
20. Second church, Fayette rnegro), was organized soon after
the close of the war, but no names or dates could be obtained. The
present membership is supposed to be about 100.
21. Bethel church (negro) is situated in the ^lissouri bottom, a
few miles west of New Franklin. This is all that could be ascertained
about it.
SUMMAKY.
Whole number of churches, 21 ; aggregate merabershii), aliout
1,200. Numlier of preachers now resident in the county were, viz. :
342 HUTOKY OF HOWARD A.N'O CHARITON COCXTIES.
W. K. Wcocl^, Jackson Harris, M. J. Breaker, W. F. Harris. Most
of tlie cluirelics are presided ovei- l)j preachers not resident in tiie
county. Most of the missionary eliurehcs have Sunday schools, ])ut
no statistic^ could !)e ohlained.
CHRISTIAN CHURCH.
[Prepart'd by Kltler James Kandall.]
Two of. the Cliristian churches of tliis county were organized at
a very early day — l>etweeu 1816 and 1820. They were organized
substantially) on the &anie basis as those "ivhich were afterwards known.
as the Disciples of Christ and Christian churches, that originated from
the ministry of B. W. Stone, of Kentucky. The ministers who or-
ganized and uiio became the pastors of these churches, were Thomas
McBride, and James McBride, his son ; he and his son left the count}'
at an early duy. Joel H. Haydeiicame to the county in 1827 or 1828,
and labored with the ilcBrides. He was a man of strong mind and
spotless reputation. Joel Prewjtt was among the early ministers,
coming in 1830, :ind did much for the cause of Christ.
Several other churches were organized about 1830, at which period
a union was etl'ected Ijclwcen the Stoneites, New Lights, Camp-
bcllites, Reformers, and IJisciples in Kentucky. After the union
of these churches in Kentucky, the churches elsewhere throughout
the country were united and were kno\vn as Disciples or Christians,
and were organized under the name of " Church of Christ." From
1830 to 1840, Eider :Marcus AVills of Callaway county, Missonri,
preached in Howard county. Elder F. ^L Palmer preached also tV)r
several churches. From 1840 to 1850, D. P. Henderson, T. M.
Allen, H. S. Boon, William Boon, Jerry Lancaster, and Dr. Win-
tlirop H. Hopson labored here in the ministry. Henderson and Allen
left for California in 1849. Dr. 'Hopson came to the county in 1847,
and after practising medicine for a short time gave himself entirely to
the ministry; he was an influential man and an eloquent speaker.
From 1840 to I8t30, William Burton probably did labor more and with
lai'ger results than any other minister. His education was limited,
but he possessed tine social qualities and great power as an exhorter.
About the year 1840, Elder Thomas ^I. Allen, of Columbia, Boone
county, spent a portion of his time in Howard. Elder S. S. Church
was in the county in 1849 and 1850. From 1850 to 1860 Alexander
Proctor, now of Lulependence, Missouri, and a graduate of Bethany
college, Virginia, began his ministry here. In 1851, John W. McGar-
HISTORY OF IIOWAKD AND CHAKITON COUNTIES. 313
vev, also a graduate oi' BL'thaiiv college, began his iuiiii>ti-_v here,
reuuiiniiig cue year.
Thomas W. Gaines was pastor of several churches in the countv
abonl the same time. N. B. Peeler, anotlier graduate of Bethany
college, commenced his ministerial labors in Howard county in 1860,
and remained until 1870. There are seventeen organized churches
in the county ; two of these. Big Springs and Koanoke, are partly in
Boone and Eandolph. Total membership is about 1,000. Ten of
these churches own houses of worship valued at $9,700, and a half
interest in two other houses of worship valued at $1,000; one-fourth
interest in three houses of worship, valued at $S00 ; making about
$12,000 of cliurch property.
Church of Christ was organized by Elder Thomas ^IcBride or
Joel H. Ilayden, about 1830. Among the original members were
Thomas McBride and family, Joel H. Hayden and wife, Joel
Prewitt, Henry Crismau and wife. Major Johnson and wife,
George Saffran, Mrs. Kuth \yhite, A. J. Herndou, Thomas Roy,
Sr., F. E. William.s and wife. Dr. S. T. Crews and wife (the
last three named and A. J. Herndon are still living). Elder
[NIcBridc, Elder Hayden and Elder Prewitt were the pa-tors up
to 1840 ; after that time for several years Jerry Lancaster was
pastor. Between 1840 and 1850, T. M. Allen preached quite often
at Fayette; as did Dr. Hopson, S. S. Clnirch and D. P. Hen-
derson, H. L. Boon and T. M. Allen, in 1851 : J. W. McGarvey and
William C. Boon, in 1854 ; Thomas N. Gaines, in 1807 ; J. A.
Berry, in 1868 ; W. H. Blank in 1871-2 ; W. M. Feather^tone, in
1873-5; Jaiiies M. Tennysim, 1878-80; James Kandall, from 1882-
83, and is the present(1883) pastor. W . H. Hopsou, A. J. Hern-
don, L. Cook and John H. Bradley each occasionally otBciated as
ministers of the Fayette church, from 1849 to 1867. Alexander
Campbell visited Fayette in 1852 and again in 1858. In 1850 the
church had 284 members; it now has eighty members. The house of
worship was built in 1840 and is valued at §1,000.
Church at Koanoke was organized in 1845, by Allen Wright.
Robert Terrill, James Tcrrill, and Presley Halley were among the early
members. In 1850, S. S. Church was the pastor, J. A. Berry from 1865
to 1870. J. A. AVedington has preached for them diiriug the four yeais
past. Captain Baglc}-, Colonel James Richardson, and Dr. Walker are
among the prominent members of the church at this time.
Ashland church, originally called Salt Creek, was organized by
Elder ^IcBride in 1820. Amon"'the earliest members were the Braillevs
oii IIISTOKY OF IIOWAKD AND ClIAltlTON COlNXIKS.
and Miiitin Little, Sr. Samuel Rodi:-ers, of Kentucky, vi>:itecl this
church us early as 1821 or 1822. McBride, Hayden, and Prt'witt offici-
ated with others up to ] 8o0. J. W. McGarvey tilled the pulpit in ix'j 1 ,
J. V. Gains in ISofJ and 1857. D. P. Henderson, T. M. Allen, and
others, from 1850 to 1860. W. H. Roberson and N. B. Peeler were
born and raised in the church, the latter preaching from 18()5 to 1873,
and again in 1S80 and 1881 for this church; James Randall fron\ 187-4
to 1877; V. Hockensmith from 1878 to 1879. "William H. Little,
James Smith, J. F. Hockley, and B. ^laxwell have each preached for
this church at ditlerent times. J. M. Tennyson and O. A. Carr are
the pn-csent ministers. This is the largest church f)f this denomination
in the county, having a membership of 150. They own a house of
worship valued at $1,200.
Mount ^loriah church was organized by Elder Prewitt in 1835.
Prewitt and wife and Martin Yerian and wife were among tlie early
members. Prewitt and Haydcn preached for this church several v'ears.
The church organization was discontinued in 1845 and reorganized
again in 1871. W. H. Blank, J. R. Gallemore, and J. H. Headington
have each tilled the palpit of this church. Present membership,
thirty. J. H. Headington is the present pastor.
Church at Armstrong, was organized August 9, 1881, by R. N.
Davis, James Boggs, and T. N. Gates, elders. J. P. AVitt is the pres-
ent pastor. Twenty-one members have an interest in a union house
of worship.
Church at New Libert}' — In 1873, this chf.rch was organizetl l)y
M. M. Davis. F. M. Grimes and family, and J. W. Thompson and
wife were among the original members. Grimes and Thompson have
been elders from the organization of the church, and D. Long and
Patrick, deacons, D. M. Granfield and O. A. Carr have held meet-
ings for this church. ^Membership is about twenty.
Church at Glasgow — This church was established in 1841, by
H. P. Boon. John H. Estill and wife, Alfred Roper and ^vife, Weston
F. Birch, W. C. Boon, "W. B. Tolley and William Allega were the
constituent members. H. P. Boon was the first pastor. A. Proctor,
S. S. Church," L W. Waller, Dr. J. W. Cox, J. M. Tennyson
and T. W. Allen have each tilled the pul[nt of this church. The
church went down in 1860, and was reorganized in 1878. T. W.
Allen, present pastor. Membership twenty. Building cost $1,500.
Church at Boonsboro was formed in 1850, liy W. M. Bnrtiu,
with the follo^^•ing members: John Arnick and wit'e, William Arnick
and wife, Greenticld HetUetinger and wife. Henry Cooper, Xancy B.
HISTORY or HOWARD AND CHAPaXOX COirNTIES. 31.">
Cooper, Lottie Sims, ('aruline Smith, Ana Sinis, Caswell Dunking
and Thomas Caniphell. Elders of the church at that time were John
Arnick and Greenlleld Iletilefincer. William Burton, Castleman, Joel
Hayden, Wilniot, Jlohert N. Hudson, Giles Phillips and Th.oma^
Campbell have each preached for tliis churcb. Present nieinber-
ship, ninety-nine.
Eose Mill Church was organized in 187:^, hy Elder C. P.
E^'ans. George W. Arnick and ^vite, and B. J. Ballew and wife were
among the original members. Thomas Campbell luid K. X. Davis
have preached for this congregation. Present niembership, seventy-
live.
Church at Pleasant Green — Elders Joel H. Ilayden and Tliomas
E. Gates organized tliis church, September 30, 18G1. William Allesa
and wife, and Joseph Silvey and wife were a few of the constituent
members. "William Burton, Stephen Bush, Talton Johnson, R. N.
Davis, M. :M. Davis, W. N. Tandy, I. P. Witt and R. II. Love have
been pastors of this church. James Kamlail is piesent minister.
House erec'ted, in 18G7, at a cost of $1,000. Memliers number
forty-six.
Church at Big Springs was organized by John O. White, in
18G0, with the following persons: Judge David Pipes and wife. Por-
ter Jackman and familv, John Aritold, James Pipes,' George Pipes,
Charles Pipes, and their wives, Talton Johnson and wife, George
Drake and wife, and Lyre JIartin and wife. Talton Johnson, N.
Hockensmith, M. ^I. Davis and G. M. Perkins have each administered
to tlie spiritual wants of this church. Present nieml)ership, sixtv ;
own a nice house of worship.
Richland Church — This is the oldest church of this denomina-
tion in the county, having been established in 1816 ; Elder Thomas
]McBride officiating. Sion Bradley and wife, John Thomas and wife,
and Holt and wife were a few of the early members. Mc-
Bride and son preached for the congregation until 1832. Among
other ministers who succeeded the former were Samuel Rodgers, Wil-
liam Burton, Joel H. Hayden, A. Proctor, W^ H. Roberson, R. N.
Davis, M. il. Davis, Robert N. Hudson, I. P. Witt, John C. Woods,
William Warden and E. P. Graves. Present membership, ciirhty.
The church owns an edifice worth $800.
Mount Pleasant Union Christian church, situated in Bonne
Femme township, Howard county, was organized by Elders "William
White and John McCnne in September, 18.i4. The organization num-
34G HISTOKV OF HOWAKP AXD CHAUITOX CuUXTIKS.
liered tv,-oary-eight iiienihers when it was organized — twelve mules
and sixteen females, to wit :
JIales. Fenioks. ■
John Evans, Minerva Davis,
Moses Cleeton, Sarah L. Fisher,
Samuel Moody, Nancy Bailey,
G. H. G. Jones, Elizabeth xVncell,
Joseph MeC'une, Rutha Estis,
Elijah Ancell, Jane Bailey
John Asbury, Sarah A. McCune,
Minter Bailey, Saiah A. Jones,
Edward S. Davis, iloriah Cleeton,
Anderson Johnson, Agnes Asbury,
,fohn ^NlcCnne, j\Iary Manning,
Thomas Aneell, Lucinda Moody,
Sally Ann Gilvin,
Sarah J. Johnson,
Sarah E. Ancell.
The local elders were Minter II. r>ailey and Edward S. Davis;
the deacons, Thomas Ancell and Anderson Johnson. The church was
organized at the Baldridge school-house ; a house of worship was be-
gun the same fall, which cost $700. Elder John McCune preached
abont nine oi- ten years — until the war troubles became so bad that he
moved to the state of Illinois. The members have been greatlv re-
duced by the organization of Locust Grove congregation, and also
Newhope congregation, and by a number moving away. Thev now
number only about thirty-tivc members. Elders at present: Geoj-ge
W. Potter, Thomas Ancell, Elijah Ancell, Minter H. Bailey ; deacons :
Dr. Dougherty, Eli^ha Ancell and Ed. St. Clair.
Locust Grove church — The Ciinrch of Christ was organized on the
Saturday before second Lord's day in November, 1870, at Locust Grove
school-house, in Howard county, Missouri. Elders Talton Johnson and
Stephen A. Bush were present and assisted in the organization. Abner
Holtzclaw and Silas B. Naylor were the elders of the congregtition, and
Berrv "Williams and Tliomas Jackson, deacons. The organization num-
bered twenty — ten males and ten females, to wit:
Moles. Females.
Montreville Ileynolds, Frances Reynolds,
Y. L. Atkiii.-, Elizabeth Reynolds,
Berry Williams, Sarah Ann Craig.
J. A.Durnall, Tal)itha Holtzclaw,
IIISTOEY OF HOWARD AND CHAKITON COUNTIES. oil
Males. Females.
J. C. Foster, Mary Frances "Williams,
George F. Craig, . Margaret A. Iloltzclaw,
■William Campbell, Mary JI. Naylor,
Thomas M. Jackson, Elizabeth Campbell,
Abner Iloltzclaw, Emmarette Campbell,
Silas B. Naylor, ' Sarah A. Foster.
Elder Talton Johnson preached two years. On tlie second
Lord's day in September, 1871, SilasB. Xa^ior was ordained as teacher,
elder and bishop, with the privilege of solemnizing marriages, etc.,
Elder Talton Johnson olticiating. Elder Silas B. Naylor began
preaching in 1873 and continued until 1880. The congregation at one
time numbered between eighty and ninety members, but a number
died and moved away ; it now numbers about sixty members. Elders
in the congregation now are, Abner Holtzelaw and Silas B. Xaylor ;
deacons acting now. Berry "Williams and James Holtzelaw ; clerk,
George Craig.
The Christian church at Newhojie, near Bunker Hill, in Howard
county, was organized by Elder William Anderson, of Randolph
county, on Saturday before the fourth Lord's day in October, 187-1.,
with about thirty-three members. The local elders selected at the
organization were, Dr. Boyd, Augustus G. Atkins and Y. L. Atkins ;
the*deacons were Robert Dougherty and James T. Reynolds. Elder
William Anderson preached about five 3'ears. Since that time Elder
Silas B. Xaylor has been, and is yet, preaching fortius church. The
otHcers at this time are. Elders A. G. Atkins, Dr. Boyd, Judge
George I. Winn and John W. Lynch ; deacons, James T. Revnolds,
Robert Dougherty and Jesse Kirby. Present membership is. about
fifty.
Mount Pleasant church — The Church of Christ at Mount
Pleasant, near Xew Franklin, was oYganized about 1830. The exact
date and original members are not known as the books were consumed
by fire. The following were among the original members : Wm. Scott
and wife, Charles Swope and wife, James Hughes and wife, Thomas
H. Hickman and wife, Owen Rowlings and wife, Richard Brannen and
wife. They were organized l)y either Joel Prewitt or Joel H. Har-
den. These were the pastors of the church up to 1840. Elder Wm.
Burton was pastor, preaching from 1840 to 1840 ; 1848-45, Elder T.
^L Allen, was their preacher; 1849, Ehk-r Samuel S. Church;
Thos. M. Allen, 1850, 1851.' John W. McGarvey, now of Bil)ie col-
lege, Lexington, Kentucky, author of " Cummentar}- on Acts of
348 HISTORY OI' HOAVARO AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
Apostles," and" Luiul of the Bihle," was thoir prcachei- — the iirstAcar
of bis work as a pi-cacher of the gospel. From 1854 to 18ii0,
Thomas H. Gaines ; LSiiO.Jonah Atkinson ; 1803, Elder Wilmot ; 18»i5,
T. N. Giveus; l8tio-70, V. B. Peeler; AVm. H. Blanks, 1872 ;
1873-78, Jai. liandall ; 1878-71), Jus. 'SI. Tennyson ; 1880-84, James
Eandall. Wm. Scott was elder of the church from organization to
his deatli, 1849; James R. Estill, elder from 1846 to the jn-esent, Jas.
Randall from 1873 to 1878. Wm. Tiittand Matthew Mullins, deacons
from an eariv day in the history of the church. Robert E. McGooeh
was deacon until his death, 1875.
PRESRVTERIAN CHURCH.
Church at Old Franklin (O. S.) — The tirst church established
in the cimnt}' by the Old School Presbyterians, or Presbyterians of any
name, was organized at Old Franklin on the 28th day of April, 1821,
by Rev. Edward Ilollister, and known as the Franklin Clairch. There
were twenty-three constituent members ; the names of these we
could not get, as uo record of the church has been retained and none
of the original members are now living.
This church was moved to Boonvillc a few years afterwards, and
called the Boonville church. Among the early ministers were Ed-
ward Hollister, Augustus Pomeroy, ^^. 1'. Cochran and Hiram Cha'm-
berlain.
Church at Glasgow — The Old School Presln'terians organized a
church March P, 1845, at Glasgow, Howard county. The constituent
members were George Humphreys, ilrs. ]\Iary Burke, Martha X. E.
Feazel, Pauline Strattou, iliss Evalina Dyer, Mrs. Nanev Turner,
Mrs. Minerva Tillet, Daniel ^IcSwain. This church was organized bv
Rev. C. D. Simpson, who came from St. Louis, the church beinsr
under the charge of the Lexington presbytery.
George Humphreys was the elder. In 18G6 this church reor-
ganized, purchasing the Baptist church edifice at a cost of $5,000, to
which were added repairs to the amount of $3,000.
The church edifice is a large and substantial brick building with
a basement. At this time (1883) they have no regularly employed
minister. The last pastor was Rev. Lyinau Marshall. The present
olScers are C. Dantel and T. G. Diggs, deacons. J. W. Marshall,
J. yi. Feazel and Samuel W. Steinmetz, elders. Present members,
forty-eight.
HISTORY Of nOWAKD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. 349
Church ;it Fayette — In 184S, Eev. Charles Simpson, who
had already organized a Presbyterian church at Glasgow, visited
Fayette and reorganized the Presbyterian church, it having
already been instituted as early as 18 — , by Eev. Augustus
Pomero}'. The members were : Mr. and Mrs. ilcXair, IMiss M.
Anderson, Dr. AV. Snelson and wife, Mrs. Prior Jackson, Mr.
and Mrs. Frank Hanna, Miss Jane Hughes, Mr. H. Lynch, Mr.
and Mrs. Samuel Todd with their daughters Laura and Maggie,
Miss M. Lynch, I\Ir. and Mrs. Hunter, Mr. and Mrs. Gatende,
Dr. and Mrs William Everett, William T. Davis and Dr. Diin-
widdie, who were made ciders, and Mr. James Allen, deacon.
Mr. Simpson held services regularly once a month (meeting in the
Baptist church) until he was called to St. Louis. The church, though
few in number, were a faithful and energetic little V)and, working faitli-
fully for the cause of Cliristianity until they became scattered by the
great civil war and other caubcs. Of the resident members ^vho
were present at the reorganization in 1848, Jlrs. Prior Jackson is the
only one left in Fayette.
In 1850, Dr. Gallaher held a meeting in Fayette in the chapel of
Central college ; at that time quite a numljer of adults were added to
the church and several infants baptized. He administered the sacra-
ment of the Lord's supper at the close of the meeting, the commu-
nicants all being seated at a long table, which had been placed upon
the platform for that purpose.
After Mr. Simpson left Glasgow for St. Louis, Rev. Lee Byer
preached once a mouth in the iSIethodist cinircli editice. Like Mr.
Simpson he was highly esteemed by the members, but was soon culled
to another field of labor. Rev. James Quarles was the last pastor
that otEciated for this church, who remained until the breaking oui
of the civil war.
Church at Roanoke (C. P.) was organized in 1S51 by Rev.
James Dysart with thirteen members. We were unsuccessful in
our efforts to get the names of all the constituent members, lint
have the names of Arrarah Wayland, ]Martha Wayland, William
Fei-guson, Rufc Lockridge, Kate Lockridgo and James Wallace.
The first ministers were James Dysart, J. AV. Morrow and J. B.
Mitchell, D. D. The church is in a prosperous condition and now
numbers 1.35 members.
Armstrong Organization — The Cumberland Presbyterians have
an organization at Armstrong and worship in the Union church
edifice.
(24)
350 HISTOKY OF HOWAKD AND CHAUITOX COUNTIKS.
EnSCOPAL CHUIICH AT FAYETTE.
[I'l-epared by llev. J. L. Gay.]
The first service in Fayette, according to prayer book, was hcM
by Bishop Kemper in the fall of 1835. No further services were at-
tempted until November, 1836, when the Ecv. Frederick F. Pcake
^^sited Faj-ette and held service on tlie Hth day of that month. At
that time and for two years afterguards ]Mr. Peake was onh" in deacon's
orders. He found six members of tlic church. At liis lirst service a
dozen persons joined in the I'cspon.-es. In January, 1837. ho fra^e
half his time to Fayette, and in June following he came to reside in
the town to take charge of the female academ}-. Bishop Kemper
confirmed five persons in 1837. In May, 1838, Mr. Pcake returned
to Boonvillc, where he remained until October, 1839, when he en-
tered upon duty in Christ church, St. Louis. In May, 1846 or 1847,
Mr. Peake moved to Pensacola, Florida, whither he ■went in search of
his health, and where he died July 21, 1849. The mission at FaA--
ette remained vacant until September, 1840, when Rev. James D.
Meed held a service every alternate Sunday. There were seven or
eight communicants and thirteen families attached to the church at
that time. Mr. Meed renniined about eight montiis, when he resigned
and went to the Sandwicli Islands in search of health. He now re-
sides in WoodVjridge, Ontario. Bisho)) Hawks, on ^lay 9, 184-^,
officiated in t!ie Baptist church. He reported an earnest desire for a
resumption of church services. The long vacancy was ended (ui tl)e
10th of May, 184r>, when Rev. Enoch Rcid took charge of the church.
He was formerly a ^lethodist minister, and was the lirst person or-
dained by Bisliop Hawks. It was during ilr. Eeid's incumbency, in
1847, that the parish of St. Mary's was organized and admitted into
union vv-ith tlie convention. The congregation was at tiiat time wor-
shipping in an upper room of the old court-house, but the sum of ^I'OQ
had lieen I'aised for a church buildin.g. 'Mr. Reid resigned in June,
1847, and died August 6. 1876. in Viroinia. In July, 1847. the Rev.
John W. Dunn entered upon his woi'k in the parish. In the sjiring
of 1848, the erection of the church edifice was begun ; it was
finished November 23, 1^50. In tlie spring of 1851, the trees whii'ii
now stand in front of the church were planted by Mr. Dunn.
In May, 1853, Mr. Dunn reported that in addition to his duties
in Faj^ettc he was ccmtinuing a monthly service in Glasgow.
which he had commenced several years previously, and tliat a gentle-
man of that place had donated a lot for the church, and that a snffi-
HIi-TOin" Oi" ilOWAIiU AND CHAIUTOX COUNTIES. 351
oicnt iimount of inoney had been raised to build a clmrch, Avliich, b}-
the wa}', lias never been orectcd. In August, 1855, Mr. Duuu rc-
.si<rned. When he left there were twciitj'-three communicants. Mr.
Dunn uov." resides iu ludej^endence, Missouri.
In November, 185G, Kev. William li. Pickman took charge ot
the parish. In Maj', 1857, he reported twenty communicants. He
i-esigned December 1, 1858, and went to St. Joseph, ^lo. IJev. C.
F. Scoss entered upon duty in September, 1859. In May, 18G0, he
reported twenty-three communicants ; he resigned in 1800, and went
to California.
During the four years, when the dark cloud of war hung over
the land, the iKirisli remained vacant. Eev. John Portmcss, an
Englishman, entered upon duty as a missionary, June 12, 18iU, and
remained till Januaiy 1, 18(35. He could find only thirteen commu-
nicants. He is still living in Texas. After another vacancy of four-
teen mouths, Kev. Thomas Greene, entered upon the pastorate of
the church. During his ministry, the church lot was enclosed, lamps
were purchased and an organ bought. Mr. Greene resigned March
31, 1867, and now lives in Wisconsin.
In the summer of 18(')8, Kev. Granville C. Walker took charge
of the church, but retained it only until the close of the year. He is
now in Kentucky. In tlie sunmier of 1870, the parish was served hy
two young lay readers, nsmely, ]Mr. Abiel Leonard and Mr. Ethelbort
Talbot. In 1871, Rev. C. J. Hendley, assumed the rectorshi|i, and in
Mav following, he reported twenty-four communicants, and als(j re-
ported that ?klrs. Abiel Leonard (wife of Judge Leonard, now
deceased) had donated an acre fif land on which to build a rector}',
for which §1,350, ]i;.d been subscribed. In 1872, the rectory was
finished and paid for. He resigned in March, 1873, and moved to
Maryland. After another vacancy of sixteen months. Rev. J. F.
Hamilton took charge of the parish in 1874, and relinquished the same
in the spring of 1878.
On February 1, 187y, Rev. J. L. Gay assumed t!ie pastoral
care of the parish, and reported twenty-eight communicants. Mr.
Gay still has charge and lias held it longer than any of his predeces-
sors, except Mr. Dunn.
C H A P T E E XIX.
LIST OF IIOWAEI) COUNTY OFFICIALS FKO.M ISIG.
CIRCUIT COURT JUDGES.
181G. David Barton. 1840. .Jolni D. Lelnnd.
1818. Xathaniel B. Tucker. 1847. Wni. A. Hall.
1819. David Todd. 1862. G. H. Burckhartt, present
1837. Thoma.s Reynolds. incuni'jent.
CIRCUIT ATTORNKYS.
1816. John J. Heath. 1838. J. M. Gordon.
182L H. R. Gamble. 1848.' C. H. Hardin.
1826. Ahiel Leonard. 1852. R. T. Prewitt.
1827. Charles Freneh. 1856. John F. Williams.
1828. John Wilson. 18(;0. H. M. Porter.
1836. Robert W. Wells. 1862. A. J. Harbison.
1837. W. B. Napton. 1864. W. C. Barr.
1838. Samuel N. Bay. 1868. John H. Overall.
Office abolished in 1872, then the othee of county attorney was
established.
c<:)UNTY coui;t .jcdgks.
1821. Henry V. Bingham, David R. Drake, Thomas Conway.
1825.* Enoch Kemper, George Chapman, John Walker, Ed.
V. Warren, Jnhti flyers, John Harvey, and others.
1826. John Bird, Josejjh Sears, William Taylor, .A.sa Q.Thomp-
son, Adam C. Woods, and others.
189s 5 -^'^"'"^'''- Wilson, Urial Sei)ree, Richard Cummins,
I Urial Sebree, George Stapleton, Jonathan Crawley.
C George Stapleton. X. T. Burekhartt, Jonathan Crawley.
1820 ^ George Stapleton, X. T. Burekhartt, Wm. Wright (ap-
( pointed).
* Tho clerk of the county court aelecleu men from the different townships to act ai
members of the county court.
(352)
HISTORY OF ilOWAUD AND CHARITON COLTNTUCS. 353
1830^ Win. Wri-ht, N. T. Burckhurtt, John P. Morris,
I John P. Morris, Henry Lewis, Owen K;i\vlings.
1831. lliivid K. Drake, Heur\' Lewis, John P. ^lorris.
1832. Diivid Peeler, D.ivid K. Drake, Henry Lewis.
1838. Alfred W. Morrison, Wm. Botts, William Buster.
1840. Wm. Buster, Win. Botts, A. F. Walden.
184(5. C. C. P. Hill, W. M. Jackson, A. F. Walden.
18.50. C. C. P. Hill, W. M. Jackson, Thomas J. Owen.
1851. C. C. P. Hill. Wm. Botts, AVm. R. Heath.
jg-^5 Wm. R. Heath, H. L. Brown, C. C. P. Hill,
( H. L. Brown, John Swetnam, F. W. Diggs.
1857. John Swetnam. ^V. 'SI. Jaekson, F. W. Diggs.
185.^. Wm. R. Heath, Morgan A. Taylor, James MeCatierty.
1862. M. H. Harris, John P. Sehree," Isaac P. Vaughan (W. B.
Hanna, appointed in July to till Harris' place, who resigned.)
18t;3. Wm. B. Hanna, F. W. Diggs, Edward P. Graves.
1865. Wm. B. Hauna, Edward sT Davis, F. W. Diggs.
1867. Wm. R. Heath, Wm. B. Hanna, Morgan A. Taylor.
1870. Wm. R. Heath, Morgan A. Taylor, James MeCatTerty.
1872. Morgan A. Taylor, John M. Hickerson, James MeCatierty.
1874. John M. Hickerson, B. H. Tolsoa, James :\IeCairerty.
1876. John M. Hickerson, J. R. McDonald, B. H. Tolsoii.
1878. John M. Hickerson, M. Markland, Sulton Johnson.
1880. John M. Hickerson, M. Markland, H. Kingbbury.
1881. B. H. Tol>on. M. Markland, H. Kingsbury.
1883. H. A. Xorris, G. J. Winn, J. C. LeeT
COUNTY CLERKS.
1821. Hampton, L. Boon, clerk 1845. James H. Saunders.
pro (em. 1846. Leland Wright.
1821. Armstead S. Grundy, ap- 1847. Andrew J. Herudon.
pointed in May. 1874. Sid. B. Cunningham.
1823. John B. Clark. ' 1882. Henry C. Tindall.
1842. Nathaniel Ford.
CIPXUIT COCRT CLERKS.
1816. Gray By num. 1870. John C. Woods elected;
1842. S. Bynum. Jos. H. Finks filled the
1856. Andrew Cooi)er. otRce.
1860. C. H. Stewart. 1879. Walter C. Knaus, present
incumbent.
.354 HISTORV OF HOWAKU AND CIIAIUTOX COUNTIES.
181U. NiclioliLs T. BuiekLailt.
1822. Benj. R. Kay.
1826. Duvkl Piewitt.
1829. NatlKiiiiol Ford.
18o2. AltVed W. Morrison, and collGotor, ex-ojficio.
1840. Lewis Crii^iei', ami collector.
1844. Jacol) Headriek, and collector.
1848. Newton G. Elliott, and collector.
1852. Bird Deatherage, and collector.
ISoG. Bovd McCrary, and collector.
1800. James H. Feland, and collector.
18G2. Thomas G. Deatherage, and collector.
1865. Prior M. Jackson, and collector.
1866. John L. ^lorrison, and collector.
1867. Rice Patterson and collector.
1871. James G. Manpin, and collector.
1873. Wm. O. Burton (oilice of collector separated).
1874. V. J. Leland.
1878. Xestor B. Cooper.
1882. V. J. Leland.
COLLECTOR.
1821. Joseph Patterson. 1825. David Prewitt.
1822. Benj. B. Kay. 1826. Samuel Shepherd.
1822. John Harvey appointed in 1827. Enoch Kemper.
August. 1831. Wm. B. Warren.
The sheritls were then e.c-oj/ivio collectors till 1873.
1873. C. E. Burckhartt. 1883. Nestor B. Cooper.
1879. Stephen Cooper.
ASSESSORS.
1821. Nicholas T. Burckhartt. 1832. John S. Rucker.
1822. Price Prewitt, Glenn Owen, 1833. Lewis Wilcoxon.
Watts D. Ewin, Geo. 1834. James Turuer.
Jackson, J. ^levers, 1837. Strother Bramin.
Benj. H. Reeves, John 1845. Andrew Crews, Newton G.
Rookor. Elliott.
1823. Watts D. Ewin. 1847. John W. Patton.
187!i.
J.
R.
Ga
llcniore
18S3.
H,
. B.
, ^Y
'atts.
trea;
sUREHS,
HISTOKY or HOWAKO AM) CHARITON' COUNTIES. O-IO
lSi'(i. JosliiiLi \V . Ivedinan. 1S4S. John Swetnani.
l,s-_'<;. Watts D. Kwiii appointed is'iO. Boyd M. McCrary.
in Jidy. 1853. Joseph F. Hutihes.
18:30. Alfred W. Morrison. 18.^)7. James H. Felaud.
18oS. County divided into t'oui- assessment districts. John W. Mor-
ris, assessor first district ; Jas. H. Fehuid, second ; Wni. E.
Hackly, third ; Stephen Steinons, fourth.
1859. Jno. R. Hitt, tir.st district; Jas. H. Fehind, second; Win. B.
Yager, third ; John Q. Hicks, fourth.
I8t>0. Jno. R. Hitt. 18GG. Harrison P. White.
1861. Miles Baldridge. 1872. Harrison Cross.
18t>l. Boyd M. McCrary, ap- 1874. Win. H. Moss.
pointed Decem!)er.
1862. Prior M.Jackson.
1865. W. Con. Boon.
182.3. John B. Clark, y>/vWe«i. 1858. Walter Adams.
1825. Robert Wilson. . 1562. Thomas Ray.
1830. John B. Clark. 1865. John E. Ewin.
1833. John H. Turiier. 1867. Thomas W. Radford.
1840. Alfred W. :Morrison. 1868. John M. Roid.
1845. Leland Wright. 1876. Jacob Either.
1846. Adam Hendrix. 1882. Wm. A. Dudgeon.
SURVEYORS.
1821* Elias Bancroft, 1843. H. T. Fort.
1821. Lawrence J. Daley, ap- 1868. Joshua T. Allen,
pointed in November. 1872. Henry C. Shields.
1841. James Jackson. 1880. Willard Cloyd.
CORONERS.
1816. John Monroe. 1867. John M. Pierce,
l821t Jeremiah Rice. 1870. Isaac Hamilton.
1841. Nathan H. Stephenson. 1872. June Williams.
284!:t. Joseph Cary. 1878. Richard Enyart.
1856. R. T. Basye. 1880. Von. Bonham.
1862. James H. Saunders. 1882. H. K. Grivens.
* The early records were very meagre in reference to the surveyors of the county,
t Early records meagre in reference to coroner.
3n(3 IIISTOKV OF HO\VAHD AM> CllAi;iTOX COlXTIE>.
I'L'UHC ADMIX LSTli.VTORS.
1841. Samuel C. Majors. 1^5-1. Samuel C. Majors.
IS.iO. John AV. Heiu-v. 1880. Thomns Owmgs.
1S53. Thomas M. Perkins.
COMMISSIOXER OF SCHOOLS.
1841. Owen Kanlings. ISC.O. W. H. Watts, appointed in
185(3. John F. Williams. August.
1856. E. K. Atterl)ury, resigned. 1870. John B. Ilairston.
1857. Wm. T. Luck}', appointed. 1872. Thomas G. Deatherage.
1860. James R. Saltonstall. 1874. J. B. Hairston.
1861. Thomas G. Deatherage. 1876. Thomas Owings.
1866. C. W. Pritchctt. appointed 1881. A. F. Willis.
in July.
PROBATE JL'DGES.
1824. Eobert ^^"ilson, appointed hy the governor, and served
until 1827, when the duties of that ofBce were transferred to the
county court, whicli tribunal continued to have jurisdiction of pro-
hate matters until 1878, when the probate otfice was again created.
1879. J. T. Smith. Present incumbent.
COUXTY ATTORNEYS.
The ofEce of county attorney was created in 1872. Prior to that
time the business of that office was done bv the circuit attorneys.
1873. James H. Robertson. 1881. Robert C. Clark.
1875. R. B. Caples. 1882. Robert C. Clark.
1879. James H. Robertson.
The following; in refereuce to the history of Boousboro, Booue's Lick townr^hip
should have been placetl on page ISiJ; but owing to the fact that it was handed us too
late for insertion in its proper place, we insert it here.
BOONSBORO,
^'Hamed, also, in honor of Daniel Boone, was laid out in 1840 by
Col. N. G. Elliott, Joseph Cooper, Achilles Callaway and Lindsay P.
Marshall, on section four, township forty-nine, range seventeen, and
twelve miles southeast of Fayette, the county seat.
}lISrOKV OF HOWAlil) AND CHAIIITON COUNTIK8
357
Tlic first housu in the [)Uice was erected by AehiUos Callaway, so.ui
after the hning f)ut of the town. It was built of logs, and in it
Callaway opened a .--inall stock of goods, coasistiiig prinei|Killy of
tobacco and whiskey. He was a native of Howard county, but his
parents wei'e from Kentucky. lie died in Ijoone's Lick township,
since the late war. lie left a widow and sevci-al children.
'J'lie first dry goods and general stock of merchandise was kept
1)>- l\. li. Turner ; Turner was also the first mail contractoi'. The first
mail facilities enjo\-ed by the town was during the year 18.").'i, when
the peoj)le sui)plied their own mail by i\\o way of New l-'ranklin.
The first post-otlice was established there in 185(j, John A. Fisher post-
master. The first church edifice was erected about the ycur 1850,
but was not completed until 1853. This was built as a union chapel
by the ]Methodists, the Christians, the Cumberland Presbyterians and
the Baptists. Wm. K. Woods was the Baptist minister, ^lorrow
was the I'reshytcrian, James Penn the Methodist, and '\\'m. 'SL Bur-
ton was among the early Christian ministi'rs. About the year 1868,
the building was taken down a\id a new one erectetl in its place bv
the Ciiristian denomination principally, but with tlie understanding
that it was to be free t^) all religious i)odie>. This is all the church
building in the town.
Htunp. Carson was the first blacksmith. W. J. ami F. ]\l. Baugh
were two of the fir>t merchants. Stephen Bynum sold goods there
.so(jn after the war of ISUl. The town contains a population of one
hundred and fifty souls. It contains, beside the house of worship
above tuentioned, a school house, two general stores, two drugstores,
one blacksmith shoii, one wagon and carriage sho[), two s;il,)ons and
a post-office. The postma-iter at present is Henry A. Deistelhorst.
Many years ago — before the late war — a young married mun by
the name of Cassius Xelson, was riding along very fast, horseback,
into Boonsboro, ami after reaching the town his horse in making a
short turn in the road threw liim against a stump, killing him almost
instantly.
25
ADDENDUM.
It lias 1)0011 iu':irl\' inipos-iblc to olilaiu :i history of the chiiri.-hes
of the M. E. denomination in this county, inconsequence of the early
records havinij been lost. "What we here present was hniideJ us too
late to place in its proper order in the ecclesiastical history of Howard
county. For this reason, wc insert it here.
M. E. CHCKCH SOUTH, FAYETTE, MO.
[Prepared by Rev. J. H. Ledbetter]
" The world is my parish," has ever been the motto of Metho-
isra. Since 1770, Methodist circuit riders have been pushing on west-
ward with the sure rolling tide of emigration. The Methodist itiner-
ant is everj-where. During the year 1806, one of these modern
apostles on horseback, v.ith saddle-bags containing his Bible and hvniii
book, crossed the ^lississippi river at or near New Madrid. This was
John Travis. :i member of what was then called the western confer-
ence. The whole territory of Missouri was his circuit. In the year
1815, a nev.- circuit wa^ formed north of the Missouri river, embrac-
ing the counties of Boone, Howard ami Chariton. It was c;dled
Boone's Lick circuit, and was the seventh circuit organized in Missouri.
Rev. Joseph Piggott was tlie first regularly appointed pastor of
the Methodist church in Howard county. Others may have made
preaching tours to tiie several snuill settlements in the county [)rior
• to this; but Piggott came as the regular preacher, and organized the
church. Rev. Samuel Th.ompson was presiding elder of the Missouri
district. The next year Rev. Jesse Walker was pi'esiding elder, and
Joseph Piggott circuit preacher. From 1817 to the fall of 18-4, the
following Methodist preachers were at times employed in Howard
county : Jesse ^\'alker, John Scri[)ps, Alexander ilcAlister, Jeste
Haile, James Keyte, David Sharp, Win. R. Redman, Uriel Ham.
and Shadrack Castecl. iliss(niri had, in the \'ear 1824, been ciuisti-
tuted an annual conference, with three districts. About this time, or
probably a little latter, a church was organizeil in or near tiie [)iesent
town of Fayette. The preaching, and the cu^tomal•v class ineeiings,
were held in the house of William Reynolds, commonly called '• Billie
(3.58)
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CIIAUITON" COCNTIF.S. a'jO
Kevnolds." His house was situated alioiit a half mile east of Fay-
ette, on the spot where General J. B. Clark, Jr., lived when elected
to Congress, in 1872. It is not known certainly who organized this
church, or who composed the membership.
During the great civil war, the church records were taken out of
the store of Mr. Jolm ICwcn hy a body of United Stales soldiers and
burned. It was done, no doubt, l)ecause ihe word " south " \vas on
them, it being a \r.\vt of the name of the Methodist church at Fayette.
P)V this ^■anllal act, vuvv important histtnical matter was destroyed,
with no possii)iiity of ever having it re]iroduced, so the meagre state-
ments contained jjerein ha\e been gathered after much trouble and
delay.
It appears from all that can be gathered from the memories ot the
" oldest inhabitants," that the Methodist church was organized sonic-
time between 1824 and 1827. Mr. Stephen Garner, tiow living in
Prairie township, Howard county, came to the county in 1820, and
he says that he attended class meeting Jind preaching at the residence
of" Billie Kevnolds,'' in 1827, and that a few years before tlmt. he
knows the class had been organized. It is not certainly known uiio
the minister was under whom the organization wasetl'ected. AVe know
this, in the year 1824, Kev. Wm. AV. Kedman was preacher in charge
of Boone's Ivick cii'cuit, which included all of the county, and more.
It is verv probaVile that he jireached at Fa_\-ctie, for ^vc find his name
associated in the minds of the old people, with the earliest meetings
held b_v the Methodists in this part of the county. In the year 1825,
Rev. Uriel Ham, and Rev. Shadrack Casteel were the preachers. In
182G, Ham and Redman were the preachers. Now, we think that it
was during this period that Fayette became a regular preaching place,
and other new points were evidently added, as the cii-cnit had two
regular preachers. In the years 182t> and 1827, Rev. Andrew ^Ion-
roe was ]iresidin!Z elder, and ,Iames B;iiikson was the circuit preacher.
He was a vouns: man of fnie natural gifts, but of limited education,
vet, bv application, he l)ecaine an able minister. The house of " Billie
ReyuohU " was still the preaching place for the Fayette church, and
in the country, the house of Mr. Bennett Clark was another preach-
ing place.
Early Members of Fayette Church. — AVe are very sorry that we
cannot give a full list of the original members of the Fayette Metho-
dist church : Imt so it is. We give lielow the names that we have
been able to obtain, as belonging prior to 1840. Thetirstsi.x or seven
were doubtless charter members. Billie Reynolds and wit'e, Mrs.
3()0 nisToni" of iiowa!:d and ciiariton couNTif;s.
Mary Green, Bennett Clark, Josej)!! Sears, Esq., Hampton Boone,
Mr. Ball, David Jobnscn, Henry \V. Krinire, Mrs. Leverage, James
Miller, Mrs. James ]\Iilier, and James Hicks.
It might I)c well for me to give a few line.s of personal reference to
some of tlie.se pioneers of tlie Fayette Methodism.
Mr. Bennett Clark ^\:;s a Viiginiaii, and came to Howard county in
1818. He was a true man and an earnest Christian of the Methodist
type of that day. His house was a preaching place, a home for the
saddle-hag circuit rider. Tlie old tri'iitlemun was verv larire. Ho was
as tall as his son, General J. B. Ciark, Jr , and weighed aliout 400
pounds. He was faithtul in liolding family prayers, but could not
kneel down, so he sat up and reail his Bible and praved.
Joseph Sfears was a farmer, and for several years justice of the
peace. While in this office he officiated at the marriage of Abiel
Leonard. He was a devoted Methodist, and as a man and Christian
was much lieloved by all classes of society.
Mrs. Mary Green, the wife of Doctor J. Green, was one of tlie elect
ladies. What would the church do without its holy women? She was
one of the charter members of the Methodist church in Fayette. She
was the mother of the noble Christian wite of Colonel Joseph Davis.
The old Boone's Lick circuit was noted for its holy, devout women.
Of the members wlio were conspicuous alter ly4-4 we may meutiori
Mr. and Mrs. Adam Hendrix, ?'.!r. and Mrs. 'William Nipper, Doctor
and Mrs. J. J. Watts, Mr. and Mrs. A. Mitchell, Mr. Henderson,
I\Irs. Colonel Davis, Mrs. Kringe, Mr. John Ewen, Mr. John Marma-
duke, etc. From these families there arc three Methodist preachers
uow at work in Missouri : Doctor E. R. Hendrix, president of Cen-
tral College : Kev. Charles W. Watts, preacher in charge at Weston,
and Rev. James J. Watts, of St. Louis.
Of the early preachers mention should be made of Jesse Green,
who took charge of the Fayette church in October, 1827. He was a
preacher of mark in his day. His fort was doctrinal preaching, and
he distinguished himself in the doctrinal debates of those earlv times.
He gave special attention to the Calvinists and to the Disciples. He
was a regular sledge hammer, the doctrinal preacher of bis conference.
In the fall of 1828 Rev. William Shores took charge of the church.
He was afterward a citizen of Howard. He was a man of deep piety.
He has several worth}' children still living in the connty, and one son.
Rev. J. W. Shores, is a member of the Missouri conference at this
time. In the fall of 1821) Joseph Edmondson became the preacher.
He was a strong man, and was afterward stationed in St. Louis. In
HISTOKY OF IKHVAIJO AND CIIAIUTON COLNTIKS. 3lj 1
September, 1800, Rev. R')l)ert Jordan, who had jii.>t been ordained a
deacon by Bishop Roberts, beeaine preaciior in cliarge. He was as
good a in;ui as ever was sent nut — a true apostolic preacher. Then
for ten ye:irs. up to 1840, the following i>reachcr.s had charge at vari-
ous times: Vi'illiam Kretmi, John K. Lacy, A. W. Arningtoii, 11. II.
Jc>rdari, Tiiomas Wallace, G. W. Bewlcy and David Fisher. Not
having a copy of tlie general minutes at hand, 1 am unable to say who
were the preachers from 1<S40 to 18')7. During that time, however,
Rev. T3'soa I)ines, one of Missouri's greatest [)reachers, was in charge
of the church. From 1858 to 18(55 the followiu'r were the pastors:
S. W. Cope, B. F. Jfihnson, Andrew Monroe, W. M. Sutton and E.
Robinson.
Heretofore the Fayette church had formed part of tlic circuit ; l)ut
ill 18tj9 it was made a station. Professors Forster and Jliller supplied
the pulpit after the death of Dr. William A. Smith. Professor ^^'.
G. Miller acted as pastor from September, 1870, until the fall of
1871. At that time Rev. J. H. Ledlx'tter was ai)pointed to the sta-
tion. In Sejiteml^er, 1872, Rev. William M. Xewland became jia^ior.
In September, 1873, Rev. William Penn ; September, 1874, Rev. 11.
P. Bond: October, 1875, Rev. £. il. Mann ; September, 187('), Rev.
W. W. Jones, and the c-hurch was again connected with the circuit.
In September, 1877, Rev. J. R. A. Vaughn became pastor, and re-
mahied four years ; in September, 18Sl, Rev. A\'illiam Penn ; in
Septemljer, 1882, Rev. J. H. Ledbctter, who is still pastor.
On the 12th of October, 1828, the tl\irteenth session of the ^Missouri
annual conference convened with the Fayette church. In order to
accommodate the preachers and people, and get the greater amount
of religi<ius good out of the occasion, thev held the con.t'erence in cori-
neetion with the camp meeting, on the old Fayette camp ground, two
and a half miles north of town. IVishop Joshua Soule presided. Some
of the old people siill retnember the bishop. They were then children,
and weie struck by his dress. His coat was made with a stiti' upright
collar; it was straight breasted, and shad-belU'. His pants came just
below the knees, and his high top boots buttoned over them.
In October, 1839, the Missouri conference once again met with the
Fayette church ; but this time iu the town. Bishop Morris presided ;
William W. Redman, secrotarv. In September, 1881, for the third
time, the conference convened in Fayette. Bisiiop Capers presided ;
W. M. Rush, secretary.
The first prea<'hing place, as I have already stated, was the resi-
dence of Billie Revnolds. In the year 1826 the first court-house w.is
362 HISTORY or ir<)UAi;i> A\I) CIIAItlTON COI'NTrFS.
erected, iiiid tlie Methiidists secured the iiri\ ilfi,'e dt' preueliiiiir in it.
wliicii they continued to do until tliey succeeded in building n church.
Tliis lirsl Methodist church ever huilt in Fayette was completed and
occupied ill LS.'iS. It was only used by the Methodists about two
years; it tlica jfassed into the possession ot'the Retbrniers, or Disciples,
as i\icy were then called — "Christian church" now. They still use
it. It is a small frame building on Second Main street. It
seems thai tliis church was nc\cr deeded to the ^Methodists. Mr.
Hampton Boone, a well-to-do merchant, at that time a member and a
local preacher of the Metiiodist church, advanced most of the money
used in erecting the ituilding. He found it difiicult to get his [lay,
at least it came in slowly. In 1840 he asked and obtained of the
quarterly conference authority to sell the property and get his money
out of it. ^Mien he had obtained this permission he withdrew from
the Methodist church, and shortly afterward united with the Discijjles
and turned the church over to them. This, I have no doubt, is a
true history in brief of a matter that occasioned much t:dk at the
time and siui'c After the Methodists had tlius lost their church they
worshi[)iied m a small brick school house that stood within the present
campus of Central College ; Imt on great occasions they used the
chapel of the liigh school i)uilding. 'J'his they continued to do until
the year 1855, when they succeeded in building a frame church, at a
cost of $2,500. It is still standing, and is riow the property of the
colored Methodists. I'his church was dedicated bv Bishop G. F,
Pierce, in 1851). I'his building was used until 1870, when, under the
direction of Doctor William A. Smith, president of Central NoUege,
the congregation moved into the college chapel, where they stdl hold
all of their services. They are soon to have more elegant quarters
than ever, as the magnificent new chajiel, " Centenary," is being erected
at a cost of .$24,000. God grant that their wanderings may be over I
"When the ?kIethodist church was divided in the United States into
two brancln's, in 1844, on acc<nint of the great trial of Bishop
Andrews, growing out of the agitation of the slavery question, there
was a division in Howard lounty. .Vll of the Methodist churches in
the county adhered to the southern branch of the church. There has
always been unity and harmony in the Fayette church. Even the
great civil war did not disrupt them, though there were people of
both sides in the church. For nearly si.xty years Methodist preachei-s
have been hdjoring in F.ayette. The church has had a variety of ex-
periences. It has passed through many (Jark ,ind stormy days. It
has been houseless and alnio>t friendless at times, but better times
have come to her. The handfid has become a strontr conu'rciration.
HISTORY OF HOWAilD ANI> CHAKITON COrNTIF.S. oHH
The future giMws I'osev with promise. Her ijospel i> tiie same, hor
mission t!ie s;iiiie, lier spirit the same — may her courage and lulclity
be tliu ftamt: I The prcsiMit inernbershi[i is i'27. The tbllowincr.is the
official board : A. F. Davis, Lewis S. I'rosser, O. II. P. Corprev:,
T. G. Miinipowcr, J. 15. Bell. Thei-e are two foreign missionary
societies among the l;idies and girls of the church, and one amouir
the young men. The whole church contrilnito for missions abont
$400 per annum.
Washington chiii'ch, M. E. south, located on sec'tiou 11, towmhiii
51, range lii, was organized about the year IS-'iO. Among its original
members were: Wm. Shores, wife and family, D. K. Spotts and wife,
iveulien and Levy Alverson, dchn Green, Martin Green and wife, Mar-
tin A. Finnell, Wesley (irccu, and otheis. William Shores was the
founder of the church. The building, a frame structure, was erected
in 18Gi;, at a co-t ol" .ubout $1,000, and during that year was dedicated
by Dr. W. G. ililler. Tiie present pastor in charge is William Was-
sen. Its membcrsliip numbers 100. After tiie organization wa.^ first
etlected a church wa- built upon the site of the present one, but was
burned at the lieginning of the v;ar.
Oak Grove M. E. church south. !< located on section 18, township
52, range Iti, and was organized May :?!', l85(j. Its original members
were: ]Mrs. Permelia '\^'alla(■e, Mr. and Mr>. dames Dodd, Mrs. Nai-
cissa Snoddy, Stei)hen T. Garner an<l wife, Mrs. Elizabetli Yancv,
(wife of Eobert Yancy ). ^li^s Emeline Dodd, Mrs. Ann ]\[cC'Ullv,
Robert Yancy, Miss ]\Iary A. Snoddy, Mary Switzer, and three col-
ored people, slaves. Tiie liuilding was constructed in 1.S74, and is of
frame, having cost $1,(500. It was dedicated in June, 1.^75, bv Dr.
E. K. Millet. Among the pastors svho have served the church, as
such, are: James Penn, F. \V. Cope, Andrew Monroe (J. Smith,
assistant), William F. Bell, Dr. Johnson, D. H. iiout. William M.
Rust, George Penn, Geo. W. Rich, Rev. Rooker, William Warren,
and others, at intervals. The [iresent meml>ersliip is twentv-four.
Rev. James Penn organized the church at the Old Liberty church site,
one mile .--outli of the present locution, and services were held there
until the winter of IBfil, when the building was burned. Then
services were conducted during the war at the house of Ste^jhen T.
Garner, and from 18<"J until the new church was erected they occu-
pied a school-house on the old Snoddy fai'm.
Lebanon church was i)uilt in 18>S0 liy members of Wasliin:.'ton,
and other churche.-. It is of t'ranie and cost about $^00, and was ded-
icated (in 1S80) by Dr. W. G. .Miller. Tiiere is no regular i.a>tor.
Armstrong society, located in Armstrong-, was organized in June-,
304 HISTOKV OF HOWARD AM) CIIAIMTON COLMIKS.
188 — , with the foliDwini;-. us consliluliiijj; the original ineniljcrship :
.lnhii ,1. Walkiii> luid wife, Mrs. Kareissus Harvey, Mrs. Fugate, Mat-
tliew Marlvhind, Belle Kruiise, ^^■illialn McCtilly ami wile, iMiss Ida
:McCiilly, Mrs. Eettie "Walker, INIrs. Cynthia Hannah, Mrs. Lncy Mor-
ris, S. B. Weir, M. I). Alverson and wife, Mrs. Franeis, Jane l>iiiny —
seventeen, in all. The ehureh, a t'ramc iiiiildinii', erected in 188,1, cost
^l.l^OO, and is a nnion ehni-cli, owned hy the Christian, Baptist, Pres-
byterian and M. K. Sonth deniMiiinations. ,lune 1', 1881, it was ded-
icated hy Rev. J. II. Pritchett. The pastors have lieen : Pu'V. W. F.
Bell, Kev. W. \\'arrcn. Its nienihership is twenty-nine.
Sliaron chiireh was oi'uanized in 187G. The\' worsliip in a hnild-
ing owned by theM. E. sonth, Presliyterian and Baptist. I'lie church
building cost about $1,5U0.
Besides these, there .are churches known as Koanoke, Franklin,
Clark Calipel, Cooper Chapel, Ebenezer Church, and Smith's Chapel.
The Methodist Ei)iscopal church was organized at Glasgow, De-
cember 28, 1844. The [ireaching places were Glasgow and Soul's
chapel. Thomas Johnson was the iii'st preacher in charge, and
William Patton \vas the presiding elder. The ti'ustees t'oj' the chnreli
at Glasgow were "William D. Swinney, John Bull, "William N. ."^mith,
William F. Dunnica, K. L. Barton, Benjamin AV. Lewis ami Jesse
ArmU. Of these, three are now living. K. L. Barton and William
F. Dunnica are living in Glasguw, and Je^se Arnot in St. Louis.
James S. Thomson was elected I5rst Sabljatli school superintendent.
x\.t a ipiarterly meeting held April 5, 184."), tlie question of the division
of the ciuirch was brought up, and it was unanimously decided to con-
cur with the amuial eonfereuce in the division of the church, and
from this time the cluireh was called the Methodist Episcopal Church
South. The names of the first members were as follows; B. W.
Lewis, James Y.AVilliam.~, J. S. Thom.-on, John F. Nicholas-, J. M.
Sexton, George Humphieys. W. G. Brown, Elias K. Barton, II. P.
Hauenkamp, Mrs. Carter, L. Wilson, Thomas Mead, T.N. Cockerill,
Mrs. Elizabeth Barton, Mrs. Lacy, Jesse Arnot, Noah Swacher, G.
B. Dameron, W. F. Dunnica, Charles Gilliam, James B. Lewis. Mrs.
William Barton, T. Emmerson. Present pastor is Rev. A. Mizell.
M. Y.. Church (North), at Glasgow, was organized in the t'all of
1S(55, with the following members: B. W. Lewis, James "W. Lewis,
Jennie Lewis and Noah Swacher and wife. The name of the first
pastor was D. A. MeCr.ady. Its membership n(.w ninnbers fortv-fonr.
This church is now the (jnly organization of that branch of the M. E.
Church (North) in the countv'. Another organization was started at
Gillie's chapel, below Glasgow, but it has not now any existence.
HISTOM OF CHARITON COUNTY.
CHAPTER T.
Introduction — Importauce of Early Besinmngs — First Settlements — Earliest Perma-
nent Settler — Where the Settlements Were Made — Thomas Stanley — General
Duff Green and Colonel Cooper — Indians Frightened at a Steamboat — The
First Mill — What Major Daniel Ashby Says About It— The First Steam Mill.
INTRODUCTION.
Sixty-three years have passed since Chariton, one of the oldest
and fairest daughters of Howard County came into existence. .Most
wonderful have been the chanjres, and niiirhty liave been tlie events
and revob.itions, the discoveries and inventions tiiat have occurred
within this time.
Perhaps since " God formed the earth and the world," and tossed
them from tlic hollow of his hand into space, so many great things
ha\ e not Vieen acc(juiplisi!ed in any sixty-three years. Reflection can-
not fail to arouse wonder, and awaken thankfulness that God lias
appoint^ us the place we occupy in the etcrntil chain of events.
Tennyson and Browning, Bryant and Whittier, Lowell and Longfel-
low have sung. The matchless Webster, tlie (nnate Sumner, the elo-
quent Clay, the metaphysical Calhoun and Seward, have since reached
the culmination of their powers, and passed into the grave. Macau-
ley, Thiers, Gizot and Froude have written in noble strains the his-
tory of their lands ; and Bancroft and Prescott and Hildreth and
Motley have won high rank among the historians of the earth ; Spur-
geon and Punshon, and Beecher and Moody have enforced with most
persuasive eloquence the duties of morality and religion.
Carlyle and Emerson, and Stuart JNIill and Spencer have given the
(365)
3t5G IIIMOKV OF HOWARD AND CUAKITON COUNTIEj;.
results of tlicir si)eciil:ition> iu hiirli pliilosupli}' to the world. ^Icxico
has been eoiujuered ; Alaska lias been purchased ; the centre of popnla-
tion has travelled more than t'.vo hundred and tifty miles along the thirty-
ninth paridlel, and a majority of the States cotnposing the American
Union have been added to the glorious constellation on the Vjlue field
of our tlag. Great cities have been founded and po[iulous countries
developed ; and the stream of emigration is still tending westward.
Gold has been discovered in the fir AVest, and the great civil war —
the bloodiest in all the annals of time — has been fought. The tele-
graph, the telephone and railroad have been added to the list of the
most important inventions. In fact, during this time, our country has
increased in popuhition from a few millions of people to fifty millions.-
From a weak, obscure nation it has become strong iu all the elements
of power and influence, and is to-day the most marvellous country
for its age that ever existed.
IMPORTANCK OF EARLY BKGINXIXGS.
Every nation does not possess an authentic account of its origin.
Neither do all communities have the correct data whereby it is possi-
ble to accurately predicate the condition of their tirst beginnings.
Nevertheless, to be intensely interested in ,sueh things is characteris-
tic of the race, and it is particularly thi; province of the historian to
deal with tir>t causes. Should these fai;ts be lost in the mythical
tradition of tlie past, as is often tlie case, tiie chronicler invades the
realm of the ideal and compels his imagination to paint the missing
picture. The patriotic Roman was not content until he had found
the " first settlers," and tiien he was satisfied, although they were
found in the very undesirable company of a wolf, and located on a
drift, which the receding waters of tlie Tiber had permitted them to
jire-empt.
One of the tidvantages pei'taining to a residence iu a new country,
and one seldom ap[ireciated, is the fact that we can go back to the
first beginning. We are thus enabled to uot only trace results to
their causes, but also to grasj) the facts wiiich have contributed to
form and mould these causes. We observe that a State or county
has attained a certain position, and we at once try to trace out the
reasons for this position in its settlements and surroundings, in the
class of men by whom it was peopled, and in the many chances and
chamjes which have wrought out results in all the recorded deeds of
HISTORY OF HOWAKl) AND CHARITON COUNTIKS. .)•) i
iiKHikind. Til tlie hi>toi-y of Chaiitdii county we iii:ty triico its (-.•irly
settlers to tlieir Ikmiics in tii'^ Easteiii Slates and in the countries ot'
the OhI AVorhJ. We may t'oUow the course of the hardy backwoods-
maii. from tlie '"Buckeye" or '• Iloosic-r " State, ai:d from Ken-
tucky and "\'irginia on iiis way "West, '• to liTow up with tlie coun-
trv," trusting o'.dv to his strong arm and williiii;- heart to work out
his ainhition for a home for himself and wife, and a competence for
his childreii. Again, we will see tiiat other.^ ha\e lieen aiiimateil with
the imjjulse to move on, after making themselves a part of the com-
munity and have sought the newer portions of the extreuu' AVest,
where civilization had not [jenetrateJ or returned to their native heath.
We shall find something of that distinctive New England char-
acter, which has contril)nted so many men and women to other [)ui--
tious of the West. We shall also find many an industrious n:iti\e of
Germany, as well as a numiier of the sons of the Emerald Isle, :di of
whom have cc)ntributed to modify types of men already e.^isting here.
Those who have noted the career of the descendants of these hrave,
strong men, in suhduing the wilds and overcoming the olistacles and.
hardshijJS of earlv times, can hut admit thev are worthy sons of
illustrious sires. They who in the early dawn of Western civilij-.ation
first " bearded the lion in his den," oi)ened a path through the wilder-
ness, drove out the wild beast and tamed the s;n'age Indian, are
entitled to one of the brightest pages in all the records of the pa.st.
The old pioneers ol' Chariton county — the advance guard of
Western civilization — have iiearlv all passed awav ; those remaining
maybe counted on the fingers of one hand. A few more vears of
waiting and watching, and thev, too, will iiave joined —
"The hinumeratjle caravau, that moves
To that mysterious realm, where each shall take
His chamber in the silent hulls of death."
Fresh hillocks in the cemeteiy will soon he all the marks that
will be left of a race of giants, who grappled nature in her fastnesses
and made a triumphant conquest in the face of the greatest privations,
disease and ditficulty. The shadows that fall upon their tombs as
time recedes, are like the smokv haze that enveloped the prairies in
the early days, saddening the memory and giving to dim distance only
a faint and phantom outliye, to which the future will often look back
an<l wonder at the gre;it iiearts that lie hidden under the peaceful
canopy.
0t>8 msiOIlV OF }IOWAUL) ANL> CHARITON COUNTIES.
To i)re^ci-ve tbo iiieniory of tJiese bravt' men froiu oblivion, and
to record their deeds of ciieriry and noble daring, toirether with their
early ex[)eriences as taken tVoin their own lips, wliile preparing the
wilderness to " l)nd and blossom as the rose," and to tell the story of
tlie wonderlul changes whieh have lieon wronght l>y the han<l of pro-
gress in *' Old Chariton," will lie the chief object of this book.
FlUST SETTLKMENTS.
The first white men to press the soil of Chariton county were
supjiosedto be French fur traders who located at or near the mouth
of the Chariton river. When they made this settlement is not
known ; it is (certain, howe\'er, that they wore upon the ground prior
to the year 1804, because during that year, Lewis and Clark while
passing up the river by this point, Siiy iu their report; "The next
morning, the 10th, wi- passed Deer Creek, and at the distance of tive
miles the two rivers called bv the French the Charitons, a corruption
of lliieraton, the first of which is thirty and the second seventy-five
yards wide."
The oldest settlers now living in the county say they have
always understood that the mouth of the Charitou river was settled
by French fur traders. It nuiy be that the fur traders were the first
settlers in the county and that the Chariton ri\ er or rivers were named
by the early French cx[)l(jrers. However this may be, the Chariton
rivers had been seen and riamed (so say Lewis and Clark) as early as
18t)4 by the Freni>h ; whethei' they were fur traders or explorers we
cannot now determine. The Chariton river, wliich now has but one
outlet to the Miss'ouri, had two in 1804.
The earliest perhianent settler iu the county, of which we liave
any account, was one George Jackson, who came before the; war of
1812, and afterwards represented the county in the General Assem-
bly, lie located in the southern portion of the Cfuintv, not far from
the ^lissouri river. The next settlement was made about twenty miles
from the jiresent town of Brunswick, on Yellow Creek, by John
Hutchinson and two or three others, with their families. These par-
ties came fnun Howard county, in 181»i ; Hutchinson continued to
reside there until his death, wliich took place in 18 '>7. The first
land sales took [)lace in the fall of 1818, at Old Franklin, in How.ti-d
county. During that year the tide of immigration turned hitherward
and the lands, in what is now known as Chariton township, were
HISTORY or HOWAUD AXD CIIAIUTOX COUNTIES. 3h9
rapidly settled, a tew cabins heiiii!; erected on the old town site of
Charitor., even us carl}' as tlie sninnicr ot" 1817. In the former vear
(181S) the ^Missouri ri\'er bottom, west of the Grand Chariton river,
was settled liy James Earickson, afterward Senator tmd State 'J'reas-
urer: his son-in-hiw, Galton Turner, Archibald Ili.v, Samnel Wil-
liams, Colonel John ^I. Bell, John I\Iorse, Henry Lewis, Richard
"Woodson, John Doxey and others who occui)ied the country tiy, far
north as Bowling Green [irairie.
At the same period Joseph Vance, Colonel Ilirani Craig, Al)ra-
hani Lock, Nathaniel Butler, Thomas Watson, Peterson Tarks,
Robert Hays, Samuel Burch, Samuel Dinsmore, James ITer\-ford,
James Ryan and Abncr Finnell settled in the forks of the Chariton
rivers. In Cliariton townsjiip John Tooley, Samuel Forrest, Jo,se[ili
ISIaddox and Thomas Anderson settled. During the same ye;ir Major
Daniel Ashb}', Abram Sportsman, Alexander Trent, John Harri.s,
John Sportsman and Edward B. Cabell made a settlement on the
bluH's. A small settlement was made on Salt creek and Clark's
branch a little later, by William ifnd John Bcatty and Henry Clark
and others. Clark's Itranch and Clark township were named after
the above mentioned Henry Clark, and still per|ietuate his name.
The original pioneer who located near the banks of the Grand
river was Thomas Stanley. He was a great hunter, and spent, much
of liis time in the woods or on the streams, ^vhere he indulged Ids
propensities for sylvan s[iorts and diversions to his heart's content.
During the winter he lived in the hollow [)art of a hutre svcamore log,
keeping his tire outside. Tliis hal)itatiou proved higldy convenient,
as it was large enough for him to move around out of the smoke
when the wind was in the wrong direction. With such books as the
settlement atiorcied he spent his long winter evenings ; a sycamore
S|)linter dipped in raccoon oil su[)plied him with light ; wild game
furnished his table, and here he livetl as happy, if not as comfortable,
as a prince.
General Duff Green, who was one of the iiioneers, was upon one
occasion a candidate for major of the militia, the ojiposiug caiulidate
being the celebrated Indian fighter. Colonel Cooper. Some misun-
dei^ianding existed Ijetween them. Green was to address the voters
ou election day, and Cooper declared if he dared to do so he would
take him down and chastise him. Green knew this, but commenced
his S])eech at the appointed time. He saw Cooper making his wav
through the crowd, evidently intent on putting his threat into execu-
370 ni.sTouv OF iiowakd and ciiAiaru.N colntiks.
tioii. lie Cdutimied his .-r[iecih until Co();>oi- was quile ucav, wlieii,
tuniiiiL;- his c.ii;'!e eyes ujion iiim aiid laying hi.s luiud upon his sword,
he mildly said ; '-Old gtMitleiiian, I respeci your gray hairs." No
further inteiruption occurred. Cooper, known to be a brave tiian,
on being asked why he stopped, answered: "1 .saw something in
Green's eyes to warn uic to keep hands otV." Green was elected.
Aliout this tune. Green was ap[)ointed by Governor Claike to distri-
bute a quantity of goods to the Indians in these regions. One of the
few steandjoats then navigating the Missouri, was slowly making its
way to the shore with the Indian goods on l)oard. The copper pipe
by which the steam escajjcd was made in the form of a snake, head
erect anil jaws ^vide apart, and was placed in the water in front of the
boat, and the sleam gushed out at intervals with a loud snort. The
Indians crowding tlie bank, watched the boat (the first thev had ever
seen), with intense interest ; us it came near enough for them to see
the terrible snake in the water drawing it ahnig, as they thought, the
officer on board tired a small cannon. This was too much for the red
ninn ;ind away they went, flying in consternation thi'ough the woods
in all directions, ami it was not until the next day that they could be
jnevailed u[)on to return.
Nearly all the pioneers were men of intelligence, substance and
energy, and well qualified to build up a new country. They rapidly
opened farms and began early to erect mills and manufacturing
establishmeuts for their own couvenieuce. The first mill erected by
fheiii was hic:>ted in what is no\v called Missouri township, and was
known as IIooser"s mill.
JMajor Daniel Ashiiy in speaking of this mill says : —
Not long after this we sent a delegate from the bluff's to a meeting
down on the Missoui i riv(>r, at tlu' house of one Hooser, where a meet-
ing from all the surrounding settlements was called to consider the
]iroposilion to build a mill, which shouldlie portable and be pulled arouud
l>y horses. There was a man named Ben Cross, who was a good work-
lijan in wood, that submitted a plan for such a mill as follows: A
main sliaft with a hole in the lower part when set upright. A lieam
passing through the shaft with it arranged so the horses could be
hitched to each end of the beam, thus giving bearing power on the
main shaft. Near tlie u|)[)er eml of the main sliaft, pedes called arms
were inserted, into which pins about a foot in length were placed.
Around these was put a band some forty feet long. At one side
there was an arranixer.ient we called a trundle head, around which the
HISTOKY OF HOWAIU) AND CUAKITON COUNTIES 371
iiaud p:i>.sod, twisted on the upper p;irt of the trundle head. The
iron culled a driver was fastened and bedded into the upper stone or
runner. The band was made of rawhide, soaked soft, cut iiud then
twisted, and would hist for a }ear.
The band would turn thi^ trundle head and it would turn the stone
M'bich would grind the corn or wiieat. This when completed was
regarded with more curiosity than a locomotive in years after.
In a short time there was a combination formed to run tlie mill
exclusively for the beueiit of a i'ew. Nowadays we would call it a
ring or corner. A man named Ilooser. and some of liis brothers-in-
law named Clark, living close to the mill, would grind a large quan-
tity of meal for themselves, and when done would tal-:e out tlie
balance iron and hide it, so no one else could use ihe mill. Those
livino- ill the Ijluff settleiuimts had to go about twelve miles to get to
this mill to have their grinding done, so if they could not grind
when there, they would be sorely disappointed and make great com-
plaint. The "ring" would tell tiieni that the iron was ])roken ami at
the blacksmith's shop for repair. This company to whom the null
l)elonged had a constitution, signed by all interested, that provided
amonir other things, tiiat equal justice should be done in the us<.' ami
repair of the mill : when new bands were to be nrade tliat all shruild
contribute their equal portion of the funds necessary to purchase the
hides, all of which was to be determined by the numlier of each fam-
ily capable of eating bread. This clique or "ring" would always
provide a good snjiplv of meal for themselves about the time the old
Ijand was prettv well worn, then hide the iron in a liollow lf)g, which
they called Clark's shop, as there was a blacksmith of that name
living in Old Chariton.
However, we learned of the deception that had been practised on
us and were naturally considerably wrathy. At one of these times
when they were practising their frauds, I had been down in Howard
county, and was passing by the mill. I found them all collected at
the mill and saw they had just placed the l)a!ance iron in its place to
grind ui* a su[iply of meal for themselves. As soon as I saw this, it
made me angrv and I rode up to where they were collected and said.
" I see v(m have got tlie iron from Clark's shop." I was ariswcred
by Reuben Clark, who was the loader of the gang and bully amongst
them, who replied in a make game manner, " Yes, we have got it
from Clark's shop."" His reply and his manner made n\e mad enough
to fight. " Well," said 1, "there have been more iufenuU lies told
372
lUSTOKY Of HO^VAUl> AM) C'HAIUT<.)N Cc^rNTIuS.
about thi^ niill tliau it is wortii, und if I Icid ;i knife I woiil.l cut lluit
old baud to pieces." Koulieii Clark said, >' Here is a knife, sir,"
handiii!.' me a lare-r> ulasp knife, willi which Ik; was whittling. I took
the knife, jumped over the fence, went to the band and cut it in two.
I then walked around the mill and about the middle of the band I cut
it again. I took one half of the baud and wound it up in the shape
of a collar and put it around my horse's neck. Handing the kuife
back to Clark-, 1 again motmtcd aixi was in the act of riding otT, when
Hooser spoke to me and said. " If there was any law for it. I would
make }'0U pay for cutting that band." I rciilicd, "No doubt of it,
for I never doubted your meainiess, and 1 will further say I consic^M-
the whole set of you a pack of unprinci[)led scoundrels who <]are not
resent any iusult a gentleman may think proper to pass iii)on vou."
After this I rode otf with a single comrade by the name of ^Nlorse,
who was travelling with me. I returned home and constructed a
.similar mill on a smaller scale out of the material I had from mv old
mill. After this we had no trouble on the bluffs about milling.
The tii'st steam mill was erected near the town of Old Chariton in
1820. by a man rianio Findly. This was di-stroyed by tire in the
winter of 1823-24, and was a great misfortune to the people who
lived in this region of couuli'v.
CHAPTEK II.
Physical Features —Cliraatf — Health — First Sottluincnts made iu the Timber-
Tbe Seasons since 18U — Mineral Resources — Coal — Sandstone — Cavern -
Cement — Fauna and Flora of Howard and Chariton Counties.
Cli:iriton (.-ouiity is watered by tlu' foUowinu' streams : Grand Cliar-
iton rivor, Little Chariton, East, Middle uud ^Inscle Forks oK same,
Salt, Lake, Palmer, Yellow and Cottonwood creeks, and Bee Branch
and its tributaries. These streams How generally south and are. well
distributed in almost every part of the county.
The surface of the county is an undulating plane, there being, how-
ever, several marked elevations and depressions in the vicinity of the
Missouri river and the creeks. The surface in most places is far from
being flat, and there is a perfect system of natural drainage. From
some of the highest points the eye commtuids views of exquisite
loveliness, embracing the silvery course of river and creek, the v,-av-
ing foliage of trees, the undulating surface of tlie prair-ie, with cul-
tivated farms, iarm houses — from the log luit of the lirst settler, to
the brick or painted houses and Ijarns of the more advanced cultivators
of the soil, and the palatial mansions of the wealthy capitalist.
Chariton county is well watered, as before stated, by many streams,
the principal being the Missouri river. All the streams are timbered.
The surface of the earth in some portions is quite broken and un-
even, but as these portions are generally covered with timber, they
are none the less valuable. In other parts of the county, the land
near th-e streams is rather level in some places, but the very superior
system of drainage renders it unsurpassed for agricultural purposes.
The high table lands away from the streams are unsurpassed for
fertility. The "divides," as they are called, em')race three belts of
land, and e.xtend nearly the whole length of the county north and
south. The soil is chiefly a rich loam of vegetable deposit with a
porous subsoil. The depth of the vegetable deposit, which has l)eca
26 (373)
374 insxor.v oi' Howard and chakiton colntiks.
ancuniwlatiiig for nL'es, varies from two to six feet, and is inexhaustible
in feitilit}'. The ease witli wiiich the soil is cultivated is an important
item to the farmer. One man with a team can tend from forty to
sixty acres of corn. There is comparatively little waste land in the
county. Such portions as are not well adapted to the cultivation and
growth of wheat, com and other cereals are tlie best for grazing lands.
The county presented to the first settlers an easy task in subduins
the wild land. Its Inoad prairies in the soutli were fields almost
ready i'ov the planting of the crop, and its rich, black soil seemed to
be awaiting impatiently' the opportunity of paying rewards in the
shape of abundant crops, as a tribute to the labors of the husband-
man. The farms of Chariton county are generally large, unbroken
by sloughs, but have some obstriu-tions such as stumps and bouldei's,
but they are excellently well cultivated. Corn planters, reapin"'
machines, mowers and all kinds of labor-saving machiner\ can be
used, however, with great ease. The prairie of the county is gentlv
rolling throughout its whole extent. The timber is of a good qualitv,.
but the original growth has, to a considerable extent, disappeaix'd in
some parts.
FIRST sk.ttle:ments made in the timber.
The tirst settlements of the county were in\ariably nuide in the
timber or contiguous thereto. The early setth.'rs so chose both as a
matter of necessity and con\enience. The presence of tindier aided
materially in bringing aiiout an early settlement, and it aided in two
ways : tirst, the county had to depend on emigration from the older
settled States of the East for its population, and especially Kcntuekv
and Tennessee. These States originally were almost covered with
dense forests, and farms were made by clearing otf certain portions of
the timber. Almost every farm there, after it became thoroughly
improved, still retained a certain tract of timber commonly known as
" the woods." The woods was generally regarded as the in()>t
imjiortant part of the farm, and the average farmer regardetl it as
indispensable, ^^'hen he emigrated West, one objection was the
scarcity of timber, and he diil not su[)i)ose that it would be possible
to open up a farm ou the bleak prairie. To live in a region devoid of
the familiar sight of timber seemed unendurable, and the average
Kentuckian could not entertain the idea of founding a home away
from the familiar tbrest trees. Then again the idea entertained bvthe
HISTOKV OF IIOWAUD AND CHAKITON COL'NTIKS. 6 1 rt
early immigrants to Missouri, th:it timber was a necessity, was not
sitnply tiicoretical. Tiie early settler must liavc a house to live in, fuel
for cooking and heating pur[)()scs, and fences to inclose his claim-. At
that time there were no railroads by which lumber could be trans-
ported from the pineries. No coal mine hud yet been opened, and
few if any liad been discovered. Timber was an absolute necessity,
without which material improvement was an impossibility.
Ko wonder that a gentleman from the East, wdio in early times came
to the prairie region of Missouri on a prospecting tour with a view of
permanent location, returned home in disgust and embodied his views
of the country in the following rhyme : —
" Oh 1 lonesome, windy, giassy place.
Where buffalo and suu.kos prevail;
The first with dreadful looking face,
The last, with dreadful sounding tail I
I'd rather live on camel hump,
And be a Yankee Doodle beggar,
Than where I never see a stump,
And shake to death with fever'n ager."
The most important resource in the development of this Western
country, was the belts of timber which skirted the streams ; and the
settlers who first hewed out homes in the timber, while at present,
not the most enterprising and progressive, were, nevertheless, an
essential f;ictor in the solution of the [)roblem.
Along either side of the various streams wiiich flow across the
country, were originally lielts of timber ; at certain places, generally
near the mouths of the smaller tri!)utarics, the belt of timber widened
out, thus forming a gi'o%i}, or what was frequently called a point, and
at these points or groves were the first settlements made ; here were
the first beginnings of civilization ; here " began to operate those
forces which have made the wilderness a fruitful place and caused the
desert to bud and blossom as the rose."
Much of the primeval forest has been removed for the building of
houses and the construction of fences ; other portions and probably
the largest part, have been ruthlessly and improvidently destroyed.
This destruction of timber has i)een somewhat compensated by the
planting of artificial groves. Among the most abundant of the trees
originally found is the walnut, so highly prized in all countries for
manufacturing purposes. Oaks, of several varieties, are still very
plentiful, although for many 3'ears this wood has been used for fuel.
OM) HISTORY OF HOWAHD ANP ClIAKITO\ COINTIES.
Tlie liest timber in tlu.' State is to he tbund in tlii» county. Ui.'taclied
groves, botii natural and artilioial, are tbnnd at many places tlirough-
out the county, wliicli are not onh' ornamental, in that they vary t!ic
monotony, hut are very useful in that they have a very important
hearing on the climate. It is a (act fully demonstrated Ijy tlie he-^t
authority that climate varies wiUi the physiognomy of acoiintiv.
It is quite important for selth'rs and immigrants to know what sec-
lions of the count}' are most healthful. Some have asked if this is a
healthv county. The answer without any hesitation will he given in
the atiirmative, that it is as much so as any county in the State. In
all the counties tliere are some things, however, that are calculated to
produce disease — some localities are more healthful than others, and
to enable strangers coming into the county to select the one and avoid
the other is our object. Chariton county, in its general aspect, is an
elevated, undulating plain, intersected hv numerous small streams, run-
ning generally from the north to the south, and crnpt3'ing into the
Missouri river, which forms the southern l)Oundary of the county.
The principal of these streams is the Grand Chariton, with its tribu-
taries. j\.djacent to all these streams ai'e bottom lands, more or less
e.vtensive, nearly along their whole course on one side, and blutl's or
hills on the other. Tliese bottoms are to some extent subject to over-
ilow for the reason that their hcxN are crooked.
The bottoms above mentioned extend up the several branches to
near the summit of the dividing lidge, and many springs rise within
fifty yards of the summit, hi the larger bottoms arc a numlier of
small ponds or lakes, and s[)ots of marshy ground which are tilled
with water the greater part of the year, and in rainy seasons become
quite extensive, which evaporate and dry up in the hot, dry seasons
usually following in the months of July, August and September, and
thus generate the poisonous exhalation about which so little is known,
and called by [ihysicians " miasm " or " malaria," whieii prod-jces
fever of various ty[)es and grades. This exhalation follows along the
different ravines, even to the summit of the highlands, and is carried
a greater or less distance in pro^iortion to the current of air or wind.
But they do not seem to extend very far up the sides of the ravines
unless carried hy a strong breeze ; care should, therefore, be taken to
avoid locating residences near the heads of ravines, and more partic-
ularly where they termin.ite on the ridges, which is a frequent error.
A man finding a good spring near the summit of a hill, builds his
house so as to be near the water, on the hill or ridge, and immediately
IIISTOKV OK iIO^^■AI{0 AND CHARITON CO0NTi?:S. oi i
in tlie course of the ravine, und as a couifijuciu'c receives tlie concen-
trated "miasm'" arising from it. Now at a distance of fifty or at
least a hundred yards a point may generally be selected very nearly if
not entirely free from it. The existent' of this malarious air in the
ravines is very clearly proven to any man of ol)servation ; in walking
or riding across them in the night, in descending a hill, as he ap-
proaches the base, he will bo sensible of cold, damp atmosphere
which will disajjpear at tlie same clevati(»n in ascending the opi^osite
slope. This fact is often observed in Missouri and Illinois. It is
generally Ijclievcd that the bottoms arc much more sickly than tli,>
hills, or uplands, whicli is to some e.\"tent true. The cases of fever
are perhaps more frequent in the bottom lands, but less malignant,
and all experience goes to show ihat peisons living on the bare slope.-,
or summits of hills near the bottoms sutler most, and those living
near the banks of rivers, or creeks of running water in the bottoms,
are more healthful. The reason is that the exhalations rise and are
carried by the winds over the dwellings in the lowlands and are wafted
to the tops of the bigiiest hills. Several precautions are necessary
ill selecting sites for dwellings on hills near bottoms. First, build, if
possible, on the opposite side of the hill from the bottom, so that
the " miasm," after reaching the summit, may pass above you ; sec-
ond, avoid the heads of ravines ; third. Irave a grove of timber between
you and the bottom- — this will have the cU'ect of protecting you from
the " miasm," and moreover, the trees absorb a large portion of it.
Again, liilN ha\ing bottoms to windward of them ^\ill be more sii'kly
than those that the wind blows from them to the bottom. The pre-
vailing winds here in the months of June, July and August are from
tiie south and sou* Invest, but in the latter part of August they begin
to blow from the north and continue mostly during September and
October in that direction. Thus it will be seen that persons living
north and south of the bottoms will, in a sickly season, suffer first,
say in J11I3' and August, but the fevers would be milder than later in
the season, when the "miasm" lias become more concentrated and
virulent; when the winds are from the north, that is during the latter
part of August and the wlnde of September and October, then tliose
livinii south of the bottoms \vill sufler mo-t, and, for the reasons given
above, the fevers will be of nioi-e malignant type. Hills east and
west of the Ijottoms are most healthful, because the winds in the hot
months seldom blow in these directions.
In speaking of the topography of Ciiariton county, it should be
378 HIsTOKY OK HOWARD AM> CHARITON' COUNTIES.
oliserved that in tlie vicinity of all tlie :<tie;inis are strips of woodhiud
more or less extensivo, antl that along the Missouri river the tinilier
huul extends from throe to ten miles in width from tiie river, and in
hinny places the timber is large and of excellent quality, and in others
the growth is smaller, forming dense thickets in many places, showing
clearly that the timber has encroached on the prairie, and it is inter-
esting to note the gradual change whidi takes place from almost im-
penetrable thickets to open woods. As the trees grow and overshadow
the undergrowth, such as hazel, sumach, etc., this dies out and the
more thrifty and larger trees continue to grow, while the more feeble
and delicate die out one after another and give place to their more
stately neighbors ; and thus in a few years thickets become open
woodlands, and as this process goes on the sun has freer access to the
earth and it is consequently drier and more healthful. Many thickets
in this county during the period of thirty years have undergone these
changes, and are now beautiful open woodlands of trees of consider-
able size and hcigiit. Another very interesting fact going to show
that the country is becoming more healthful, is that the wet lands in
the bottoms are being tilled up by the alluvial deposits brought down
to them from the roads and cultivated fields, and being covered
l)y a thick sward of blue grass as fast as they become dry enough,
and at the same time the channels of the branches which run through
them are deepened and compressed into narrow space. There are
<|uite a number of bottoms along the Chariton river which thirtv vcars
ago were quite wet and swampy, which have become drv, lillable'land.
and which will, in all probaltility, continue in the future to improve
more rapidly than in the past. This holds good with tlie broader
raviued and valleys in the upland prairies, many of which are quite
wet and in many places marshy. Now as these slopes of the hill are
cultivated, these marshy spots are filled up and the land rendered
more compact by the trampling of stock, the blue grass takes hold
readily and a firm sward covers them r,o that they are less likely to
generate "miasm," and cousequently the country around will become
healthier. Those settling in the prairies should be advised to observe
the same rules in building homes as in the timber, that is, to avoid
heads of ravines, as mentioned heretofore, and even more carefullv
on account of the want of protection by trees. It mav seem strange,
but I believe the statement is fully attested by experience, that in
very rainy and consequently sickly seasons, persons livinsr on the
prairies sutler more than those in the timber. The cause of this may,
inSTOKY OF HO'VVAItD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. 379
T think, be found to bo tlie protection allbnlcd by the timber in ab-
sorbing auc! warding oft' " miasm." Such persons, as soon as possi-
ble, should make for themselves a protection by planting groves of
timber and orchards near their dwellings, which will be a source of
safety from disease, and at the same time of pecuniary profit, to say
nothing of the agreeable shades in the summer and the protection from
cold in the winter — both important objects for the jireservation of
health, and particularly in a climate as varial)le as this.
Tn considering the causes tending to intliience the health of any lo-
cality, we should take into account the eflect of temperature and the
particular season in which we have the greatest amount of rain and
highest temperature. As a rule, our rainy season commences about
the 20th of May and extends to the 10th of July ; when we say sea-
son, we do not mean that it is only in that season that we have rains,
but that rains are more abundant then than at other times. Yet,
there occur seasons that are exceptions to the rule, as we shall see
hereafter. The months of June and July, and the early part of Au-
gust, are marked by the highest range of tei^ii)eratiire.
We will now endeavor to give a brief account of many of the sea-
sons since 1844. The year A. D. 1844 is known in ^Missouri as the
year of the great Hood. In the month of May there was considerably
more rain than in any other year.
About the 15th of Jtnie the rains abated, and the rivers receded
from the bottoms, but in a short time recommenced exceedingly co-
pious rains of almost daily occurrence, continuing to about the 10th
of July, and the Missouri river and its tributaries overflowed their
banks to the depth of twenty feet, and in many places to the depth of
thirty feet — the temperature at this time being high. The latter part
of July and the month of August were very dry and hot, and sickness
was general throughout the State, the diseases being mostly of a mild
character, and yielding readily to the influence of medicines. The
winter of 1844 and 1845 was very mild, little snow or rain fell durins;
the winter or spring, so that the rivers were quite low to the latter
part of May, when the rains commenced and continued to the begin-
ning of July. Some of the heaviest rains ever known in the State
were witnessed this season, but west and north in the valleys of the
Kaw and Platte rivers there was but little rain, and the Missouri over-
flowed its banks but little at the mouths^of the Osage and North Grand
rivers. This season was also very warm, and about the flrst of xVu-
gust sickness commenced and was more general, and of amore mali<^-
380 iiit^Tonv OF }iowAiu) and ciiakiton counties.
naiit. type, tliaa in tlio preceding- year, but still quite manageable.
The succeeding winter was cold, with considerable snow, and the
spring jileasant.
The bcuson of 184(j had no excess of rains, and had not a great
uKiny cases of fever, but some of those were more violent and difficult
to manage. During the early part of the summer there was an epi-
demic of scarlet fever, and in the fall a great many cases of jaundice.
The winter following was mild, and the spring and summer not
remarkable for rain and but little sickness. The following year, 1847,
partook very much of the same character, and was also a tolerably
healthful year.
The winter of 1847 and 1848 was very mild, so much so that very
little ice formed sufficiently thick to kcc}). The s^tring and summer
of 1848 was dry and healthful.
The winter of 1848 and 1849 was remarkably cold, with a great,
deal of snow, which melted partially in the month of January and
Iroze suddenly, leaving the ground covered with a firm coat of ice
from three to live inches in thickness, wiiich remained the greater
part of Februarv, and then melted otf, accompanied by rain, and broke
up the ice in the rivers, which had formed to a thickness of fifteen to
eighteen inches. The spring of 1849 was wet and cold till son^etime
in April, when commenced a succession of hot weather witli Irequent
rains, alternated ■svith sudden changes of cold, which continued through
May, June and most of July. .Such was the peculiar condition of the
atmosjjhere that a feeling of debility and exhaustion was verv gener-
ally experienced, and those who have been exposed to its intluonce
will thereafter recognize it as a cholera atmosphere ; the wind duriuir
the greater part of this time, and especially during the damp tiavs,
v/as from the east and southeast. In the month of April there <ic-
curred a number of cases of diarrh(ea, and otlier diseases of the di-
gestive organs were of frequent occurrence.
The year of 1850 was not remarkable for heavy rains or anv ^reat
vicissitudes of temperature, and was comi)aratively healthful ; but the
following year, 1851, this region was again visited Ity hot and rainv
weather and eastern winds, and cholera nuule its appearance and was
excessively malignant, continuing from the latter part of May to al-
most the first of August, which was again followed by fever; during
this year a greater number of citizens fell victims to cholera than in
1849. The year 18o:i was again a very equal)le season : there was not
a great amount of sickness until late in the fall and beginning of win-
IIISTOKY OF llOWAKO AXD ClIARnON COINTIKS. oXl
ter, when tho vii'issitudes of toinpcraUirc ^vc^c grout :u\d sudden, and
there occurred u largo number of cases of pneumonia of a t_y[)hoid
character and a genei-al prevalence of typhoid diseases. About the
middle of December epidemic erysipelas — also assuming a typhoid
character — made its appearance, and continued to prevail in some
neighliorhonds uritil the following April.
The year 18.'>o was a mild and pleasant season, unmarked bv great
rains or changes of temperature, and although there were occasional
eases of cholera, it was, in the main, :i, healthful season. The .spi-ini;
of )85i was pleasant, and vegetation came forward very early. About
the last of ilay it beg:in to rain very tVefiuenlh- and heavily, and con-
tinued till the ]9\.h of June, from which time scarcely any rain fell
until the IStli of November. 'I'he crops of small grain were heavv,
but in consequence of the long continued drouth after heavy rains the
crop of corn was very small, not being more than one-tliird the usual
yield. We had considerable fever in August antl September; eari\-
in October it iieeame ipiite healthful, and eontinue<.l so during the f.ill
and winter.
The spring and beginning of the year 18.5.5 were pleasant until the
latter part of July, when there set in a succession of heavy rains which
lasted until about the 20th (jf August, Crops of all kinds were good.
wheat and oats were far better than usual, both as to rpialitv and
quantity ; but the farmers having adopted the use of tlireshei's, and
being Inisy with tb.e corn and hay crops, failed to house or stack them
in season, and at lea^t three-fourths of the crop of small grains wa -
spoiled, and rotted in the fields. This year was quite healtht'ul, ex-
cept a short time in September and Octoiier. The year 1S55 was not
remarkable as to health, there being no unusual sickness until late in
the fall, when typhoid fever prevailed to a con.siderable extent for
some three months. The winter of 185f> and 1857 was unusuallv
cold, with but little snow, and we had an unusual number of cases of
rheumatism, and in the spring considerable pneumonia and other
inflammatory all'ections. The season during most of the year 1857 was
not unusual. The following winter was not marked by any unusual
extremes, and the spring of 1858 was rather dry and pleasant, until
the month of June, when we had again excessive and long continued
rains, extending to the early part of July: during this month and
August the weather was hot and dry. Early in August fever com-
menced, and we had more sickness than in any year since 1845.
The ensuing year of 185'J was very similar in regard to tempera-
382 msTOKv of ho\v.\kd and chakiton countiks.
tiii'C and ruins, iind wc again liad a considerable amount of sickness
through the fall and winter months. The winter and spring of 18G0
were unusually dry and windy, there heing no rain sutlicient to wet
the ground until the 25th of May, at wiiicli time and also some time
in June, there was a good shower in tlie northeast part of the county.
This drouth continued tlirougli the suniiricr, and consefpiently tiie
crops were exceedingly sliort ; and west of us, in the State of Kansas.
almost an entire failure. About the 10th of July we had for two or
three days a south wind, as hot as if coming from a furnace, wiiich
was very oppressive to man and beast, and wilted the vegetation con-
siderably. In this year, as well as 1854, we had incontestible evidence
of the superiority of the bottom lands along the Missouri river, v/hich
are bedded on sand as subsoil, in dry seasons, for reason that the
water from the river percolates this sand, and a sufficient quantity of
moisture arises to sustain the growth of grain. This is also true to
some extent in uplands, in which there is a considerable amount of sand
mixed with the sub-soil. The year 1861, which will be long remem-
bered for the inauguration of the civil war, which cursed our country
and desolated the finest portions of our land, among which Chariton
county is one of the most beautiful and fertile, was a season of un-
usual health :ind jiroductiveness ^ full cro[is and fruits of all kinds,
rewarded the labors of the husbandman ; and had we been blessed
with peace, would have been one of abundance and comfort. There
was but little sickness during this and the two following years.
The winter of 1863 and 1864 was exceedingly cold, with consider-
able snow, the spring was pleasant but too cold to bring forward vegeta-
tion. This dry weather extending through the greater part of summer
there was great drouth, and vegetation became scarce. The crops of
all kinds were light. During the latter part of summer and beginning
of fall there was a severe form of dysentery, followed later in the
season by typhoid fever. The year 1865 may be properly called a
rainy season, for frequent and exceedingly heavy rains set in early in
June and continued till the latter part of August. Dysentery again
made its appearance in July and prevailed during that month and
August. In September, October and the fore part of November there
were many cases of fever which were very violent, being mostly of a
congestive type, and complicated with diseases of the bowels. Later
in the season we had some cases of typhoid fever, also attended with
disease of the bowels and in some cases of the lungs. During the
year 186G— 67 all the diseases were of a mild character and easily man-
HISTOlir OF HOWAP.l> AND CHARITOX COUNTIES. 38;>
.■ii:;ec1. 'JMiere were no cases of epidemic diseases. In the year 18C>.H
tiiere were more cases of sickness, and some ".veie typhoid fever, but
not of !i verv malignant type. Since the war, even to the present
time, there have been no severe cases of cholera. In 1869 the cases
of sickness were less freqnent than in 18(58, all diseases easily man-
aged. There have been no cases of small-pox since the year 18G J, and
it might be remarked that as tiie country grows older it Ijecomes more
healthful. The summers, which are wet and excessively warm, arc
followed in the fall mouths by more or less fevers. In 1870 there
were several eases of " Eothlene," a form of scarlet fever, in the
spring, some cases of intermittent fevers in the fall, and taken
altogether it was more sickly than 18il9. During the year 1871 and
1872 there was some pneumonia in the spring, with mild cases of fever
in the fall of 1871. There were very few deaths. The year 1873 was
healthy and all the cases requiring the attention of a physician were
easily managed. The summer of 1874 was very dry and hot, several
persons requiring treatment for sunstroke, the mercury ranging for
considerable time from 95 to 100' in the shade. There were some
cases of diphtherietic cnuip, several of which were fatal. There was
also epidemic whooping cough. The spring of 1875 was very wet,
and there were cases of capillary bronchitis among children and sore
throat and catarrh among adults. There were some fatal cases of
consumption. The summer of 1S7G was healthful and also the year
1877. In 1877 there were some cases of scarlet fever, but of mild
type and easily managed. The year 1878 was quite healthful. The
year 1879 chronicled some scarlet fever in the spring.
Considerable sickness of a typho-malarial character existed during
the spring of 1880, but the remainder of the year it was exceedingly
healthful. Tiiere were sufficient rains to produce the growth of
abundant crops, and probabh' never in the history of the country had
there been a better average yield to the labors of the husbandman.
Great quantities of fruit and cereals matured and were gathered for
the market. General prosperity and abundance crowned the year.
Men who were in debt paid up the mortgages on their farms and
houses and now, in this year (1883), are becoming independent.
We have now given a condensed history of the seasons for the
past thirty-seven years, and by it a tolerably correct idea may be formed
of the healthfulness of this county.
It will be found that seasons in which there has been an excess of
rains, and of floods in the streams, have produced a large amount ot
384 IllsrOkV Ol H0\\AKD and CIIARITOX COUNTIEi^.
sickness, and this is al.^o true witli oilier portions of tlie countr^•. It
will also be reniarkfd, that in our seasons rains are later and more
imniediatelv loUowed by dry and hot weather than in the Eastern
States, and as a neeersary resnlt we \vonld expect in those seasons a
consideral)le amount offerer, l)ut the conipar;itive frequency of sueii
seasons are not greater than in otlier localities. As to the pre'\'alence
of Scarlet fe\er, measles, erysipelas and other diseases of similar
character, it may be asserted that our county has not suffered more
than in many other parts of the AA'estcrn, and perhaps less than many
of the Eastern States. Of typhoid fever it may be said that the
disease is milder and less frequent than in nniny of the Xorihern or
Eastern States. In the course of thirty-seven years there have been
live, or less than one-seventh, in which there were heavy and lonu
continue<l rains in early summer and ireneral prevalence of fevers, the
remainder beini; comparatively lieallhful. There has been no year
when there has been an entire loss of crops, and nearly everv vear
great abundance has been produced.
The greater portion of the county — leaving out the bottom of the
Missouri river and larger streams — is jxised upon a l)cd of limestonr
at various depths; yet such is the lornnition of the country that the
stone very little, if at -all, interferes with the cultivation of the soil,
for the reason that it does not cro[) out, except in the immediate
vicinity of streams, on the slope of hills, or at their base. Those
.sections in which the limestone is wanted are based on sand of very
considerable depth. Tiiere is also in the greater part of the county a
large admi.xture tif sand both with the soil and the sulisoil, and
consequently, as may be inferred, the land is light and easily culti-
vated, much mcu'e so than in many fertile regions el-^ewhere, as, f )r
instance, the rich lilue grass lands of Kentucky. No amount of
tramping can make it so hard that, if i)roken up in large clods, it
will not shake and fall to pieces, like lime, in the first considerable
shower; and moreover, it has the additional advantage of becoming
sufBciently dry in a short time after rains for plowing, and does not
break and become hard so easily if worked a little wet. This enables
the farmer to cultivate his crops in wet seasons to better advantage
than if the sand was wanting. In addition to this, as mentioned in
the last article, drouth does not so greatl}' affect the crops, because a
considerable amount of moisture arises from below, which goes to
support veget:ition. Indeed, our I'armers say that crops will grow
here with less rain than in almost anv other countv. We have in this
HISTOEtY or HOWARD AND CHAUIION COUNTiKS. 385
ooiintv l)ut little poor l;iiid ; 3 el the qiiLilily of the soil ami the growth
of" the limber iii<lieatiiig tliose qualities vary a great deal, and the
changes are frequently ahriqit. 'Wo ha\e, for example, strips of land
covered by walnut, hiel<ory, elm, box elder, honey locust, coti'ee beiiu,
lima, etc., of some miles in extent, and changing in many instances
abruptly, to oak land, of inferior quality. Again, we have SLri[)S
on ^vhich the growth is white hiekor\', dill'erent S[)ecies ol' ouk, wild
ciierry, slippery elm, etc., and the undorgrowths are in oak lands,
hazel, sumach, and a sjKcies of dogwood. The pawpaw abounds iu
the walnut and hackbcrry lands, and on the river bottoms ami hills
contiguous to them. There are also some spots of rather spouty lands,
with stitt' clay subsoil, the growth on which is almost exclusively a
species of pine-oak, of a dwarfish character, with the limbs extending
almost to the ground. There is some diversity of o[)iniou in regard
to the fertility of the dill'erent cliaracters of soil, but the statement is
fully borne out by experience that the walnut and hackberry lands are
strongest, and in favorable seasons will [uoduce the largest crops of
hemp. and corn, and are better adapted to the domestic grasses, espe-
cially the blue grass, while the bru>h lands, in which the white hickor\"
abounds, with the undergrowth of hazel and sumach, will on an aver-
age of all seasons, and all kinds of crops, surpass them, and are
greatly superior for wheat ami other small u:r;iins. This county is
well adapted to the production of. various kinds of fruits, as the ap-
ple, pear, apricot and peach, all of which grow rapiiUy and yield
abundantly, fruits of excellent qualit} . The common niorello cherry
also yields well, but the finer qualities of cherries and damson plums
do not seem to do as well. The gooseberry, black raspberry, de^v-
berry, blackberry and strawberry are iiuligenous to the soil, growin"
iu large quantities iu the \voodland and prairies. Grasses have not
yet been extensively cultivated, but so far as their cultivation has been
tried the results has been very satisfactory.
The climate of Missouri is very changeable, the changes of temper-
ature being frequent and sudden, varying often fifty or sixty deirrees
iu a. few hours. Great precaution is, therefore, necessary to adapt the
apparel so as to be little aflected as possible by these sudden vicissi-
tudes, and we would advise those whose business requires them to be at
such a distance from the dwellings as to be unable to chancre their
clothes readily, to sutler the inconvenience of being uncomfortably
warm for a time rather than run the risks of exposure to these sudden
38(5 HISTOliT OF HCAVAIU) AM) CIIAKII'OX COUNTIES.
changes when thinlj' c!:ul. Woolen clothinir, therefoie, is j-refetahle
to lighter fabrics even in summer.
Dwelling liouses should bo so constructed as to have free ventila-
tion in every part from cellar to garret, and especial care should be
taken that houses without cellars should be somewhat elevated from
the ground with opening sufficient to admit the free circulation of air
under them and these should l)c open in summer. In dan)p, rainy
weatlier tires should l)e made occasionally to dispel the dampness and
dry the rooms. They also serve to purify the air by producing a
draught or cui'rcnt of air which carries off tlie impure atmosphere
which is generated, especially in sleeping rooms, and for tliese rea-
sons small fires night and morning will i)e found beneficial. It is im-
proper to close sleeping apartments at night so as entirely to exclude
the air, especially when the atmosphere is dry. Yet we should avoid
sleeping with a current of air blowing over us. It is better to open
the upper sash of windows which will generally admit sufficient exter-
nal air and carry off that which has become heated and impure.
Exposure to cold and damp air, especially in the latter [nut of the
night and early morning sluuild be avoided, and if this kind of expo-
sure is necessary it is better to fortify tlie body b}' taking a ipiaMtity
of food, sa}- a cup of coH'ee and a little bre:id before going out, ami
this is more especially necessary during the prevalence of epidemic.
Indeed it is better, especially with farmers and others engaged in out-
door labor to have breakfast before commencing the labors of the day.
In the latter part of summer there are very heavy dews and care
should be taken to avoid having the feet and legs wet with them, as
is frequeiith' the case, and as a rule it is better not to go out before
sunrise in the morniPig. Long continued exposure to midtlaysun and
heat should be avoideil. Meals should be regular and all unripe fruits
and substances difficult of digestion should be avoided. Cleanliness
is also an important item, both in person and in hai)itation. The ac-
cumulation of water in cellars and low places, as well as all kinds of
garbage, decaying animals and vegetable substances should be care-
fully guarded against. A free use of lime, both by whitewashing
houses and cellars and spreading in damp places, will also tend to
purity the air and promote health. Cess|)ools and drains can be puri-
fied and deodorized by lime and a sti'ong solution of sulphate of iron
thrown into them. Shades about dwellings are very pleasant and
promotive of health, but the trees should not be so close together that
HISTORY OF HOWAUII AND ClIAIUTON COUNTIES. 387
tlie sun ciinnot have access to the ground iit some time during the
day.
MINf:HAI. KESOURCES.
The yet sciu'cely developed uiiiieral resources of Ch;u-itou arc des-
tiued at no remote day to constitute an important element of the
wealth of this section of the State. The entire countiy, with the ex-
ception of the low alluvial districts, is underlaid with veins of bitutui-
nous coal.
This mineral as yet has been but imperfectly prospected, and the
conclusion of its vast abundance is due in a great measure to the pres-
ence of numerous outcropping strata of surface veins. Experimental
investigations in certain locations, however, have revealed the presence
of sut)-strata, said to be of sufficient thickness to be profitably worked.
OutcroppinL''s of this coal have been observed on the sides of hill slopes
at a perpendicular distance or depth of from 100 to 200 feet below the
upland sniface level. Some of these deposits are being worked at
points east of Salisbury by Joel Koliskons, P. D. Vaudeventer, and
others. Another is vrorked near Keytesville ; another by Daniel
Havs on the Chariton river, east of Salisbury, and oue westof Bruns-
wick, and seem to promise paying results. At the latter place a vein
of considerable thickness was found underlaying a stratum of tire clay
about a foot in thickness, and pronounced by competent judges, of
excellent quality for the manufacture of pottery. In view of this dis-
covery, the development of an enterprise of this character is, of course,
only a matter of time. It is believed from the cursory investigations
of experienced parties that there is in the vicinity of Salisbury a vein
or pocket of cannel coal, but as yet the positive existence of this valu-
able deposit has not been defiuitely confirmed. At a point known as
Williams Mill, about tliree miles southeast of Keytesville, is a remark-
able formation, consisting of a solid mass of sandstone, extending a
consideral:)le distance along the edge of the Chariton, and rising 100
feet above low-water mark, suggesting the idea of a vast wall without
crack or seam, and smooth and even as though cut by the hand of
art. This is pronounced of admirable (juality for Imilding pui-
poses.
Ill the lower or southern extremity of this blutf is a cavern of con-
siderable extent, known as Robbers' Cave, and recognized as a point of
no small interest, from the fact of its having been the lurking pitice of
a notorious robber liy the name of John Carey, who flourished in this
locality about thirty years ago.
388 histoi:y of iiowauo and citAunox counties.
Ill the snutlieast part of tlie ooiuity, iio.u- Forest Green, is an inex-
haustible mine of tire elay or ceiueiit, whieli lias not yet l)een fully
developed. Thi« chiy is used by many for plastering, being prefei-red
for this purpose to ordinary lime and &aud nuuLai'. For the manufac-
ture* of pottery it is generally conceded to be superior to the ordinary
fire clay found elsewhere, as above mentioned.
F.iUN'A AXD FLORA OF IIOWAILD ANT) CriAUlTOX COCN"Tri;S.
The names and a carefully prepai-ed list C)f the animals of a country,
state, or county, are always of interest to the iuhtibitants, especially
so to the scientist and student of natnr;U history. After inquiring
into the political and civil history of a country, we then turn with
pleasure to the investigation of its natural iiistory, and of the animals
which inhabited it prior to the advent of man ; their habits and the
means of their suljsistence beconie a studv. Some were animals of
prey, others harmless, and subsisted upon vegettdile matter. The
early animals of tliis portion of the State ranged over a wide field, and
those which inhabited the prairie and timbered i-egious of the Missouri
river, and its rribuvaries, differ but little iiuiterially as to species. Of
the ruminating animals that were indigenous in this territory, we had
the American elk and deer of two kinds ; the more common, the well
known Amei-ican deer, and tlie white tailed deer. And at a period
not very remote, the Amei'icau builalo found pastures near the allu-
rial and shaded banks of the Missouri and Chariton rivers, and the
plains and prairies of this portion of the State. The heads, horns and
bones of the slain animals were still numerous in 1820. The black
bear were quite numerous even in the memory of the older settlers.
Bears have been seen in Howard and Chariton within the last thirty
years. The gray wolf and prairie wolf are not unfrequently found,
as is also the gray fox, which still exists by its superifir (uinning. The
panther was occasionally met with in the earlier times, and still later
and more common, the wild cat, the weasel, one or more species ; the
mink, American otter, the skunk, the l)atlger, the raccoon and the
opossum. The two latter species of animals are met with in every
portion of the United States and the greater part of North America.
The coon skin among the early settlers was regarded as a legal tender.
The bear and otter are extinct in the counties, and were valuable for
their furs. Of the squirrel family, we have the fox, gray, flying,
ground and prairie squirrel. The woodchuck aud the Cf)mmon musk-
H!.sTOi;y Of HowAin) and chariton counties. 38^'
rut were iiiiiiicrons berc. The luUs, slirews, and moles ;ire ooninion.
(_)fllie imiriiLio, we have tlie introductory spucios of rats and mice, as
also tlio native iiicariciw niou~.c, and the i(me:-tailed jum[Mn^' mouse,
frequently met within the clearinirs. riares, eommonlv ealled rahhits.
are very plentiful. Several sjieeics of the native animals iiave -per-
isheil, heini;" unahle t(' endure the presence of civilization, or finding
the food congenial to tlieir tastes appropriated by stronger races.
Many of tlie pleasures, dangers, aud excitements of the chase are only
known and enjoyed hy most of us of the present day through tlie ta.lk
and traditions of the past. The buli'alo and the elk have passed the
Rocky Mountains to the v.estward, never more tt) return. Of birds,
may be mentioned the following: Among the game birds most sought
after, are the wild turkey and prairie hen, v,-hieh alford e.\'ce!lent sport
for tlie hunter, and have been quite plentiful ; priiriated grouse, rntilcd
grouse, (piail, woodcock, Eluglish sni|)e. red breasted .snii)e, telltale
snipe, vellow legs, marliled godwin, long-bitted curlew, short-bitted
curlew, Vircrinia rail, * American swan, trumpeter swan, snow goose,
Canada iioo^c, lirant, mallaid, black duck, pintail duck, grcen-wingetl
tcel, blue-wing.^d ted, shoveler, American iiigeon, summer or \vood
duck, red-headed duck, canvass back duck, butter ball, hooded mug-
ansor, rough billed pelican, the lorn, kildeer. plo^•er, ball head, yel-
low legged and upland tilover, white heron, great blue heron, bittern.
sandhill crane, wild [ligeon, common dove, American ra\ en, common
crow, blue jay, liobolink, red-wingetl blackbird, nieadnw lark, '_::olden
oriole, vellow l)ird. snow bird, chi[i|iinL;' -parrow, field s[)arro\v.
swamp sparrow, indigo bird, cardinal red birtl, cheewiid>;, white-billed
nuthatch, mocking bird, oM bii'd, brown thrush, house wren, barn
s'.vallow, bmds swallow, i)lue martin, c(Mlar bird, scarlet tanager, sum-
mer red bird (I'obin came less than fortv vears ago), l)Iue bird, king
bird, perver, belted kingfisher, whippoorwill, nii:ht hawk, chimnev
swallow, ruby throated humming bird, hairv woodpecKer, downv
woodpecker, redheaded woodiiecker, golden winged woodpecker,
Carolina parrot, great hoi-ned owl, barred owl, snowy owl,turkev
buzzard, pigeon hawk, swallow-t;iiled hawk, Mississippi kite, red-
tailed hawk, bald eagle, and ring-tailed eagle.
Many of the above named animals and birds, ;ire uo longer to
be found within the limits of these counties. I may say within the
limits of the State. Some of them are now extinct, and some disap-
* We state, upon the authority of Judge Jdo. M. 2)avis, that the little lakes on
Charlton river, above old Chariton, were full of swans from 1820 to IS.JO.
27
300 HISTOUV OF HOWAKD AND CHAlilTON COUMIKS.
pcared witli the Indian, upon tlie advaiire of civii'.zatioii. The bald
eagle was often seen by the early settlers on the Chariton I'ivei",
along the banks of wiiicli, in the tallest timber, it built its nest, and
brooded its }0ung for many years after the llrst settlements were made.
>LUUA.
Gotl mislu liiivc bade t!ie earth briiiit fortb,
Enouiih for groat and small,
The oak tree and the cedar tree,
Witlioal a llower at all.
He miglit have niade enough, eQongU
For every want of ours :
For luxun.-, medicine and toil,
And yet have made no flowers.
Our outward life requires them not —
, Then wherefore have they birth?
To minister delight to man,
To beautify the earth;
To ."onifort niau- — to wliisp'-r hope, t
Whene'er his faith is dim :
For whoso careth for the ttower,
Will much more care for him.
In speaking of tiic flora it is not onr pnrpose to treat exhaustively
ou the plants of the respective counties, but rather to give a list of
the native trees and grasses found within their limits. "Mere cata-
logues of plants growing in any localitA'," says a learned writer,
"might, without a little reflection, l)e supposed to possess but little
value," a supposition which would be far from the truth. The intelli-
gent farmer looks at once to the native vegetation as a sure indication
of the value of new lands. The kind of timber growing in a given
locality will decide the qualities of the soil for agricultural purposes.
The cabinet-maker and the wheel-wright, and all other workmen in
wood, will find what materials are at hand to answer their purpose.
Upon the flora of these counties, civilization has produced its inevit-
able efTect. As the Indian and buffalo have disappeared before the
white man, so have some of the native grasses been vanquished by
the white clover and the blue grass. Below we add a list of
NATIVK WOODY PLANTS.
Rock sugar maple, Choke cherry, Kentucky ooflee nut,
Black " Black cherry, Butternut, >
Soft " Cabinet cherry, Walnut,
Silver leaf •' False dogwood, Red cedar,
HISTOIIY OF IIOWAKD AND CKAKITON COUNTIES.
391
Ash leaf ni:ii)]e
Boxeklei",
Stinking l)iu:ke}-2,
Smooth leaf ahler,
True seinioe berry,
False indiijco shiuh.
Load plant.
Virfrinia cieoper,
Pawpaw,
Eed birch.
Blue birch,
Red root,
Judas tree,
Red bud,
False bitter sweet,
Wax work,
Hackberr}',
Button bush,
Burr oak,
Post oak.
White oak.
Swamp white oak.
Swamp chestnut oak.
Laurel leaf oak.
Black jack oak.
Yellow bark oak,
Scarlet oak,
Red oak.
Swamp Spanish oak,
Pin oak,
Elderberry,
Sassafras,
Black locust.
Blackberry,
Black raspberry.
Kinnickinick,
Pigeon berry,
Eed osier.
Hazelnut,
Hawtliorn,
Shagbark liickory,
Shell bark
White heart "
Pignut "
Leather wood,
Wahoo,
Strawberry tree,
White ash,
Green "
Black "
Blue "
Honey locust.
Witch hazel,
Sumach,
Climbing poison vine,
Poisoning,
Prickly gooseberry.
Smooth " "
Swamp " "
Black currant,
Prairie rose.
Wood rose.
Silky head willow.
Rose willow, '
Black
Joint '
Brittle
Cone '
Red raspberry.
Woodbine,
Mulberry,
Moonseed,
Hopiiorn beam.
Iron wood,
Butlonwood,
Sycamore,
Quaking ash.
Aspen,
Poplar,
Cottonwood,
Cotton tree,
Wild plum.
Crab apple,
Buffalo berry,
Grecnbriar,
Vinebark spinea.
Hardback willow
spirtea.
Rattle bo.\.
Wood bladdernut,
Coral berry.
Trumpet creeper,
Bass wood.
Hickory elm.
Red
White
Cork
Black haw.
Arrow wood,
Summer grape.
Frost
Spice bush.
Prickly ash.
We have treated particularly of the more valuable woods used in
the mechanic arts, and the grasses, plants and vegetables and flowers
most beneficial to man, and particularly those wliich are natives of
these counties. The plants are many and rare, some for beauty and
392 HISTORY or howaud and ciiAi;iTON col-Nties.
soine t'oi- inediciiic. The pink root, the coluniho, the ginseng, hone-
set, pennyroyal, and others are used as herbs for medicine. Phints of
beauty are jdiiox, the lily, the aseelpias, tlic mints, golden rod, the eve-
bright, gerardia, and hundreds more that adorn the meadows and brook
sides; besides, are climl)iiig vines, the truni[)et creeper, the bitter
sweet, the woodbine, the clematis and the grape, which till the woods
with gay festoons, and add grace to many a decaying monarch of the
forest. Ileie are found the oak with at least its twenty vai-ieties, the
hickory with as numy more species, the thirty kinds of elm, from the
sort that bears leaves as large as a man's hand to the kind which bear
a leaf scarcely larger than a man's liiumb nail ; the black oak, so tall
and straight and beautiful, is here, the hackberry, gum tree, l)lack
and sweet, the tulip, the giant cottonwoods, and a hundreti more at-
test the fertility of the soil and niiidness of the climate. The white
oak is much used in making furniture and agricultural implemcnt.s, as
are also the panel oak, burr oak, and pin oak. The blue ash is ex-
cellent for flooring. The honey locust is a very durable wood, and
shrinks less than any other in seasoning. In the above list siune
plants may be omi'tei', but we think the list (piite complete.
In speaking of these we purposely exclude the graiii plants, tho>e
grasses that furnish food for man, and conline ourselves to tho-^e val-
uable grasses which are adapted to the substance of the inferior ani-
mals. Timothy grass, or cat's-tail, naturalized ; red top, or heriis
grass, nimble will, blue joint, tliis is a native, and grew upon [)raii-ies
to the height of a man's head on horseback, orchard grass, Kentucky
blue grass, true iilue grass, meadow fescue, cheat chess, the reed, the
cane, perennial ray grass, sweet-scented vernal grass, bud can:u-v
grass, canary grass, crab grass, smooth panicum,. witch grass, barn-
yard grass, fox-tail, bi ttle grass, millet, and liroom-beard grass.
Chariton county is one of the most favored localities in the State
for the successful growing of forest trees, evergreen trees, apple trees
of all varieties, together w-th peaches, plums, pears, apricots, grapes
and small fruits. All kinds of ornamental and shade trees, flowers
and hedges grow and flourish with only reasonable care and with a
certainty that is not known east or west, north or south. If we oo
further south the apple will not Hourisli, if further north the peach is
liable to blight ; but here, all are almost sure to do well.
HISTOIIY OF HOWAUD AND GHAKITON COUNTIES.
3D3
The lobelia, mint, sassafras and birLhwort families furnish many
species of plants having valuable medicinal qualities. The lilies, wild
roses, cacti, wild honcysuclclc, violets, etc., meet tlie eye in every
wood in early spring and summer with a profusion of rare and beau-
tiful flowers. There is a great variety of valuable forage grasses,
such as blue grass, foxtail gi'ass, timothy, millet, etc. Many species
of trees and plants are cultivated with great success which are not
mentioned in this list. All kinds of trees, shrubs, grains, and fruits
adapted to this latitudt; and climate can be produced in the greatest
profusion and luxuriance.
CHAPTEK III.
CU.STO:HS OF EARLY DAYS.
It is a trite, but true proverb, that, "Times change, and we change
with time;"' and this is well illustrated by the changes in dress, con-
dition and life, that have taken nbice in this country, in less than half
a century. We doubt not that these changes, as a whole, are for the
better. To the old man, indeed, whose life work is accomplished,
and v,ho?e thoughts dwell mainly on the past, where his treasurers
are, there are no days like the old days, and no song awakens so re-
sponsive an echo in the heart as " Auld Lang Sync." The veiy
skies that arch above his gray head, seem less blue to his dimmed
eye than they did, wlien in the adoration of his young heart, he
directed to them his gaze ; the woods appear less green and inviting,
than when in the gayety of boyhood he courted their cool depths,
and the songs of their feathered inhabitants fall less melodioush'upou
his ear. lie marks the changes that are very visible, and feels like
crying out in the language of the poet —
"Backward, turu backward, Oh, Time in tliy flight."
It is natural for the aged to sigh for a return of the past, nor would
we attempt the hopeless task of convincing them, that with the
changes of the }'ears, there have come an increase in happiness, an
improvement in social life, a progress in education, an advancement
in morality and a tendency upward in all that relates to the welfare of
mankind.
We may learn lessons, however, from a study of that land over
which the pardonable and fond imagination of the old settler has
thrown the "light that never was on sea or land," if, withdrawing
ourselves from the activities of the present, we let the old settler
take us by the hand and lead us back into the regions of his youth,
that we may observe the life of those ^vho founded a great empire in
a great wilderness.
(304)
HISTOIiY OF HOAVAKD AM> CIIAKITOX rOUKTIES. o'.U')
Let US leave the prow of the wishing ship, from which may lie
discerned a mighty f'ulure, i-icli in promise, siiid "oright witli liop^e, iim!
take our place upon tlic stern, and gaze l)ackwurd into (he beautiful
land of the past.
No doubt, we shall bo led to regret the absence among us of
some of the virtues of those who lived in the early days. Gone is
that free-hearted hospitality, which made of every settler's cabin .'in
inn, where . the belated and v.eary traveller found entertainment
without money and without price. Gone is that community of senti-
ment which made neighbors indeed neighbors ; that era of kindly
feeling which was marked by the almost entire absence of litigation.
Gone, too, sou>e say, is that simple, strong, upright, honest integiity.
which was so marked a characteristic of the pioneer. So rapid has
been the improvement in machinery, and the progress in the arts ami
their application to the needs of man, that a study of the manner in
which people lived and worked onh" tifty years ago, seeins like the
study of a remote age.
It is important to remember, tli:\t while a majorit}' of the settlers
were poor, povertA- carried with it no crushing sense of degrada-
tion, like that felt by the very poor of our age. They lived in a
cabin 'tis true, but it was their own. and had been reared by their
own hands. Their home, too, while inconvenient and far from water-
proof, was built in the prevailing style of architecture, and compared
favorably with the homes of their neighbors. Thev were destitute
of many of the conveniences of life, and of some things that are now
considered necessaries ; but they patiently endured their lot and hope-
fully looked forward to brighter days. They had plenty to wear as a
protection against the weather, and ;ui abundance of M'holesome food.
Thev sat down to a rude table to eat from tin or pewter dishes : but
tlie meat tliereon — the flesh of the deer or bear, of the wild duck or
turkey, of the quail or squirrel — -A\as supcriorto that we eat, and iiad
been won by the skill of the settler or that of his vigorous sons.
The bread they ate, was made from corn or wheat of their own rais-
ing. They walked the greeii carpet of grand prairie or forest that
surrounded them, not with the air of a beggar, but with the elastic
step of a self-respected freeman.
The settler brought with him the keen axe, which was indispensa-
ble, and the equally necessary rifle — the first his weapon of otienc.'
against the forests that skirted the water courses, ami near which h<'
made his home — the second that of defence from the attacks of hi>
.^9!) mSTOKV OF HOWARD AXI> CHAKITOX COUNTIK^.
foe, the euiiiiiiig oliild of the forest and the [n'airic. His first l.ihor
was to fell trees ami erect his unpretentious cabin, wiiieli was rndelj'
muJe of logs, and in tlic raising of wliieli he had the cheertid aid .of
his neighbors. It was usually frouj fourteen to sixteen feet square,
and never larger than twenty feet, and ver}' frequently huiit entirely
■without glass, nail->, hinu'es or locks. The manner of building was
• as follows : First, large logs were laid in [losition as sills ; on these were
■placed strong sleepers, and on the sleepers were laid tlie rough-hewed
puncheons, which were to serve as floors. The logs M'ere then built
up till the proper height for the eaves were reached, then on the ends
of the building were placed poles, longer than the other end logs,
which projected some eighteen or more inches over the sides, and
were called " butting-pole sleepers ; " on the projecting ends of these
was placed the " butting pole," which served to give the line to the
first row of claji-boards. These were, as a matter of course, split,
and MS the gables of the cal)in were !)nilt up, were^so laid on as to
lap a third of their lengtli. They were often ke[)t in place by the
weight of a heavv pole, which was laid across the roof jiarallel to the
ridge pole. The house w:is tlien chincked and daubed. A large tire-
place was built in at one end of the house, in which tire was kintlled
for cooking purposes (for the settlers were without stoves), and whicli
furnished the needed warmth in winter. The ceiling above was some-
what covered with the pelts of the raccoon, opossum and of.the wolf,
to add to the warmth of the dwelling. Sometimes the soft inner bark
of the bass wood was used for the same purpose. The cabin was
lighted by means of greased paper windows. A log would be left
out along one side, and sheets of strong paper well greased with
" coon '" grease or bear oil, would be carefully tacked in.
The above description only applies to the earliest times, Itefore
the buzzing of the saw-mill was heard within our borders. Tlie fur-
niture comported admirably with the house itself, and hence, if not
elegant, was in perfect taste. The tables had four legs, and were
rudely nnide from a puncheon. Their seats were stools, having three
or four legs. The bedstead was in keeping with the rest, and was
often so contrived as to permit it to be drawn up and fastened to the
wall during the day, thus ati'ording more room for the family. The
entire furniture was simple, and was framed with no other tools than
an axe and auger. Each man was his own carpenter, and some dis-
played considerable ingenuity in the construction of implements of
agriculture and utensils and furniture for the kitchen and house.
HISTOIiY OK HOWARD AM' ClIAUITON COUNTIES. 397
Knives and forks t\wy .sometimes Isad and sonietimes had not. Tho
common table knife was the jaek-kuife or butcher knife. Horse collars
were sometimes made of the plaited husk of the maize, sewed to-
gether. They were easy on the neck of the horse, and, if tug traces
were used, would last a long time. Horses were not used vei-y much
however, as oxen were almost exclusively used. In some instauce.s
carts and wagons were constructed or repaired by the self-reliant set-
tler, and the wonderful creakings of tlie untarred axles could be
heard at a great dist.mce.
The women corresponded well with the virtuous women spoken
of hi the last chapter of Proverbs, for they "sought wool and flai:
and worked willingly with their hands." They did not, it is true,
make for themselves •• coverings of tapestry," uor could it be said
of them that their " clothing was silk and purple ; "" but they *' rose
while it was yet night and gave meat to their household," and they
"girded their loins with sti'englh and strengthened their arms."
" They looked well to the ways f>f their household and ate not the
bread of idleness." They laid "■ their hands to the spindle and to
the distalV" and '• strength and honor were in their clothing." In
these days of furbelows and tlounces, of lace and velvet trimmings,
when from twenty to thirty yards are required by one fair damsel for
a dress, it is refreshing; to know that tho ladies of that ancient time
considered eight yards an extravagant amount to put into one dress.
The dress was usuallv made plain, with four widths in the skirt and
two front ones cut gored. The waist was made very short, and across
the shoulders behind was a draw string. The sleeves were enor-
mously large and tapered from shoulder to wrist, and the most fash-
ionable — for fashiiju, like love, rules alike the '• court and gvo\c " —
were padded so u.s to resemble a bolster at the upper part, and were
known as "mutton legs" or "sheep shank sleeves." The sleeve
was kept in shape often by a heavily starched lining. Those v/ho
could afford it used feathers, which gave the sleeve the appearance of
an iuthited balloon from elbow up, and wore known as "pillow
sleeves." Many bows and ribbons were worn, but scarcely any jew-
elrv. The tow-dress was superseded by the cotton gown. Around
the neck, instead of a lace collar or elegant ribbon, there was ar-
ranged a copperas colored neckerchief. In going to church or other
public gathering, in summer weather, they sometimes walked bare-
footed, till near their destination, when they put on their shoes or
moccasins. They were contented and even happy without any of the
398 HiSTOi:y of howaud and chauiton counties.
elegant articles of upjtarcl now used by ladies, and considered neces-
sary articles of dress. Ruffles, fine laces, silk hats, kid gloves, false
curls, rings, combs, and jewels were nearly unknown, nor did the lack
of them vex their souls. Many of llieni were grown before they ever
saw the interior of a dry goods store. They were reared in sim-
plicity, lived in siniplicitv and wore liappv in simplicity. It may be
interesting to speak more specificallv regarding cookery and diet.
Wild meat was plentiful. The settlers generally brouglit some food
with them to last till a crop could be raised. Small patches of Indian
corn were grown, which, in the earliest days of the settlement, were
beaten in a nimtar. The meal was made into a coarse but wholesome
bread, on which the teeth could not be ver}' tightly shut on account
6f the grit it contained.
Johnny-cake and pones were served up at dinner, while mush and
milk made the favorite dish for supper. In the 6re-place hung the
crane, and the Dutch oven was used in baking. The streams abounded
in fishes, which formed a healthful article of food. Many kinds of
greens, such as dock and poke, were eaten. The " truck patch ""
furnished roasting ears, pumpkins, lieans, squaslies, and potatoes, and
these were used l>y all. F(u- reaping-bees, log-rollings and house-
raisings, the standard dish was pot-pie. Cotlee and tea were used
.sparingly, as they were very dear, and tiie hardy pioneer thought them
fit only for women and children. They said they would not ''stick to
the ribs." jNIaple sugar was much used and honey was only five
cents a pound. Butter was the same price, while eggs were only
three cents a dozen. The utmost good feeling prevailed. If one
killed hogs, all shared. Chickens were to i)e seen in great numbers
around everv doorway, and the gol)ble of the turkey and tlie cjuack
of the duck were heard in the land. Nature contrib'hted of her fruits.
Wild grapes and jdunis \\-ei-e to be found in their season along the
streams. The women manufactured nearly all the clothing worn by
the family. In cool weather gown.s made of " linsey-woolsey " were
worn by the ladies. The chain was of cotton and the tilling of wool.
The fabric was usually plaid or striped, and the ditierent colors were
blended according to the taste of the fair maker. Colors were blue,
copperas, turkey red, light blue, etc. Every house contained a card-
loom and spinning wheel, which were considered by the women a.s
necessary for them as a riile was for the men. Several different
kinds of cloth were made. Cloth was woven from cotton. The rolls
were bought and spun on little and big wheels into two kinds of
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CIIAKITON COUXTIKS. '.VMi
thread, one the "ch;iln," :uk1 the other the '• filling." The nii>re
experienced only spun tiic chain, tlie younirer the tilling. Two kinds
of looms were in nsc. The primitive in construction was called the
side loom. The tranie of it consisted of two pieces of scantling run-
ing obliquely from the floor to the wall. Later the I'nune loom, which
was a great improvement over the other, came in use. The men and
boys wore jeans .ind linsey-woolsey hunting shirts. The jeans was
colored either light hlue or butternut. Miiuy times, when the men
gathered to a log-rolling, or a barn-raising, the women would assem-
ble, bringing their spinning wheels with them. In this way, some-
times as many as ten or twelve would gather in one room, and the
pleasant voices of the fair spinners, wouhl mingle with the low hum
of the spinning wheels. Oh ! golden early days !
Such articles as could not be manufactured, were brought to them
from the nearest store by the mail carrier. These were few. however.
The men and boys, in nituiy instances, wore pi.ntaloons made of the
dressed skin of the deer, which then roamed the prairies in large
herds. The young man who desired to look captivating in the eyes
of the maiden whom he loved, had his " l)ucks " fringed, which lent
them a not uupleasi ng etlect. ileal sucks were also made of buck-
skin. Caps were made of the skins of the fox, of the wolf, wildcat
and muskrat, tanned with fur on. The tail of the fox or wolf often
hung from the top of the caj), lending the wearer a jaunty air. Both
sexes wore moccasins, which in dry weather, were an excellent sub.-ti-
tute for shoes. There were no shoemakers, and each family made its
own shoes.
The settlers were scinirated from their neighbors often by miles.
There were no church houses, or regular services of any kind to call
them together; hence, no doubt, the cheerfulness with which they
accepted invitations to a house-raising, or a log-rolling, or a corn
husking, or a bee of any kind. To attend these gatherings, they
would sometimes go ten or more miles. Generally M'ith the invita-
tion to the men, went one to the women, to come to a quilting. The
good woman of the house, where the festivities were to take place,
would be busily engaged for a day or nmre in preparation for the
coming guests. Great quantities of provisions were to be prepared,
for dyspepsia was unknown to the pioneer, and good appetites were
the rule and not the e\(;eplion. The bread used at these frolics was
baked generally on johnny or journey-cake boards, and is the best
corn bread ever made. A board is made smooth, about two feet long
400 iirsTOiir or ikiwakd and ci!auito\ coiXTit;s.
and eig!U iiichns vride, the ends are goneraUy rounded. Th.e dou^Ii
is spread out ou this board and pUui'd leaning before the lire. Une
side is liakod an'] thi' dongli is ehanged on llie board, .so the other
side is presented in its turn to the tire. Tliis is johnny eake, and is
good, if the pi'oper materials are juit in the dougli and it is properly
baked. At all the log-rcdlings and house-raisings, it was custonuiry
to provide liquor. E.\cesses were not indulged in, however. The
fiddle was never forgotten. After the day's work had been aceoni-
plished, outdoors and in, by sueu and women, the Hoor was cleared
aud the merry dance began. The handsome, stalwart yoting men,
whose tine forms were the result of their manly out- door life, clad
iu fringed buckskin trowsers, and gaudily colored lumtiug shirts, led
forth the bright-eyed, ijuxom damsels, attired in neatly ticting, linsey-
woolsey garments, to the dance, their cheeks glowing with health
and eyes speaking of enjoyment, ani.1 perhaps of tenderer emoiioii.
In pure pioneer times, the crops were never husked on the stalks, as
is done at this day, but were hiiuled home in the luisk and thrown hi
a heap, genei-ally i)y the side of the crib, so that the ears when husked
could be throwu direct into the crib. The whole ueighborhoiid, male
and female, were invited to the " shucking," as it was called. The
girls and many of the married ladies, generally engaged in this
amusing work.
In the first place, two leading ex[»ert huskers were chosen as
captains, and the heap ot corn divided as nearly equal as possible.
Kails were laid across the piles, so as to designate the division ; and
then each captain chose alternately his corps of huskers, male aud
female. The whole number of working hands present were selected
on one sidi.' or the other and then each p;irty commenced a contest to
beat the other, which was in many cases truly exciting. One other
ride was, whenever a male hu-ked a red ear of corn, he was entitled
to a kiss from the girl.s. This frequently e.vcited much fuss and
scuffling, which was intended by both parties to end in a kiss. It
was it universal practice that taifa, or Monongahela whisky was used
at these husking frolics, which they drank out of a bottle ; each one,
male and female, taking the bottle and drinking out of it, and then
handing it to his or her neighbor, without using any glass or cup.
This custom was common and not considered rude. Almost always,
these corn-shuckings ended in a dance. To prepare for this amuse-
ment, fiddles and fiddlers were in great demand, and it often required
IJISTOltV OF HONNARi) AND CHAIMTON COUNTIKS. 401
iiiiich fast riding to obtain tlieni. One violin and a pert'oriiior were all
that was contemplated at tlie-se innocent lairal L;-anies,
About dark, when the supper was half over, the bu.-tle and confu-
sion coninieneed. The confusion of the tonirues at B;ibel wonhJ have
been ashameil at the corn-shucking. The \oung ones liurr\'inir oil
the table, aiiij the oM ones eonteniliiig for time and order. It was
the case in nine tinios out of ten, but (Uie dwelling-house was on the
premises, and that used for eating as well as dancing. But when the
fiddler commenced tuning his instrument, the music always gained
the victory tor the younger side. Then the dishes, victuals, table and
all, disappeared in a t'ew minutes and the room "as cleared, the dogs
driven out, ani-l the floor swept off. ready for action. The floors of
these houses were sometimes the natural earth, beat solid ; .sometiuscs
much excitement was displayed to get on the llocu- first. Generally
the tiddler, on tliese occasions, assumed an ini])ortant bciiring, and
ordered in true professional style, so and so to bo dcuie, as that was
the way in North Carolina where he was raised. Tlie decision ended
the contest for the floor. In those days thov danced jiijs and four-
handed reels, as they were called. S(jmetimes, three-handed reels
were danced. lu these dances there \\ as no standing' still ; all were
moving at a rapid pace from beginning to end. In the jigs the by-
standers cut one another out, so that this dance would last for hours.
The bottle went around at these parties, as it did at the shuckings,
and male and female took a dram out of it, as it was passed around.
No sitting was indulged in, and the folks either stood or danced all
night. The dress of these hard}' pioneers was generally homespun.
The hunting shirt ,wiis much worn at tJiat tiiue, which is a convenient
workinir or dancing dress. In the morning, all go home on horseback
or on foot. No carriages, wagons, or other vehicles were used on
these occasions, for the best reasons — because they had none.
Dancintr w'as a favorite amusement, and was participated iu bv all.
"Alike all a2:es; dames of ancient days
Have led their childreu through the mirthful maze,
And the gray grandsire, skilled in jestic lore,
Has frisked beneath the burden of tliree score."
The amusements of that dav' were more athletic and rude than those
of to-day. Among the settlers of a new country, from the nature of
the case, a higher value is set upon physical than mental endo\vment?.
Skill in woodcraft, superiority of muscular development, accuracy in
402 iiiSTOUY or iio\vai;d and CiiAi:iro.\ col'ntiks.
sliootiiif^ with the rifle, activity and swiftness of foot, were quulificn-
tioiis th:it broueiil their [)osscssors fame. Foot-r;icin;j was i>rac-tised,
and ofleii the l>o_vs and vouuiz men eniza^eil iri friendly contc^ls witli
the Indians. Every man had a rifle and always kej)! it in good oriU-r ;
his flints, bullets, hullet-nioulds, screw-driver, awl, butcher-knife and
tomahawk were fastened to the shot-jjoueh strap, or to the l>elt around
the waist. Target-shooting- was much practised, and shots were made,
by the hunters and settlers, with flint-lock rifles, tluit cannot be ex-
celled by their descendants, with the improved breech-loaders of tiie
present (hiy.
At all gatherings, jumping and wrestling were indulged ; and those
who excelled were henceforth men of notoriety. At their shooting
matches, which were usually for the prize of a turkev, or a gallon of
whiskey, good feeling generally prevailed. If disputes arose, they
were oi"leii settled l)y a square stand-up flght, and no one thought of
using oilier weapons than fists. They held no grudges after their
fights, for this was considered unmanly. It was the rule, if a fisht
occurred between two persons, the victor should pour water for tlie
defeated, as he washed away the traces of the fray, id'ter which the
latter was to perform the same service for the former.
PIONEKR MILLS.
Among the first were the " band mills," a description of which will
not prove uninteresting. The plan was cheap. The horse-power con-
sisted of a large upright shaft, some ten or twelve feet high, with sonie
eight or ten long arms let into the main shaft and e.xtending out from
it fifteen feet. Auger holes were bored in the arms on the upper side
at the end, into v.hich wooden pins were driven. This was called the
"big wheel," and was about twenty feet in diameter. The raw-hide
belt or tug was uiado of skins taken off of beef cattle, which were cut
into strips three inches wide ; these were twisted into a round cord or
tug, which was long enough to encircle the circumference of the bi^
wheel. There it was held in place by the wooden pins, then to cross
and ()ass under a shed to run round a drum, or what is called a " truu-
nel head," which was attached to the grinding apparatus. The horses
or oxen were hitched to the arms by means of raw-hide tugs ; then
walking in a circle, the machinery would be set in motion. To grind
twelve bushels of corn was considered a good day's work on a baud
mill.
HISTOKV or nO\\AUD AM) CHAr.ITON COUXTllC.S.
4 1),'!
The most rude ami primitive method of mamit'acturiiig meal was hy
the use of the grater, wliereb}- the ineal was forced through tiie holes
!iud fell down in a vcs.-icl jire[):ir('d to i-eccive it. An iniproveiueiit on
this was tlie liand mill. Tiie stones were smaller than those? oi' the
hand mill, and were j)ropelled l>y man or woman power. A hole is
made in the upper stone, and a st;iff of wood is [lut in it. and the other
end of the stafl' is put llirough a hole in a plaid< above, so thac the
whole is free to act. Oric or two persons take hold of this statf and
turn the upper stone as rapidly as possible. An eye is made in the
upper stone, through which the corn is put into the mill with the hand,
in small quantities, to suit the mill instead of a hop|ier. A mortar
wherein corn was beaten into meal is made out of a large round log,
three or four feet long. One end is cut, or burnt, out so as to hold
a peck of corn, more or less, accordiug to circumstances. This mor-
t.ir is set one end on the ground, and the upper end to hold the corn.
A sweep is [ii-epared over the mortar, so that the spring of the pole
raises the jiisLon, and the hands at it fiirce it so hard down on thecoru
that after much beating the meal is manufactured.
The pictures here drawn of the pioneers, their modes of livins:, their
customs and amusements, while lacking entire completeness, we feel
are accurate and truthful. The reader, after perusing our chapter iu
the history of Howard county, in reference to tlie same subjects, in
connection "ivith this cliapter, will get a fair idea of pioneer times.
CHArTEE IV.
Chariton Couuty Organized and it-. RiMindarits Delined — The Clerk's Ofliees
Burned — The Court-IIouse Burned— First Circuit Court — David Todd tirst
judse — Edward Cabell first Circuit Court Clerk — Ephraim Moore, tirst
Sheriff— Haruiltoa R. Gamble, the fast Circuit Attorney- First Grand Jury-
Early Attorneys — Commissioners to Locate Couuty Seat — First Suit — Pro-
ceedinirs of the First Courts — Report of Commissioners on Location of
Coantv Seat — October Terui — Early Marriaj;es.
CHARITON COCNTY ORGANIZED AND ITS BOCNDARIES DEFINED.
At a session of tlie Legislature wliich met ut St. Charles in t Ik?
winter of ISiO, liie net orfcaiiiziug Ciiariton, Boone and R:iy coun-
ties was pa'^sed. All tiiat section of countiy lying north of Chai'iton
county aiul extending to the Iowa line, was annexed to Chariton
county, for all civil, military and judicial purposes, thus giviiio-
the county jurisdiction over an extensive territory, emhracing
the country west from the Howard county line, to the eastern boun-
dary of Ray county, the counties of Linn, SuUi\'aii, Putnam and a
part of Adair and Schuyler counties. The pi'csent limits of Chariton
county, as delined by the Legislature, are as follows: —
"Beginning at a point in the middle of the [Missouri ri\er, where
the line between sections 17 and -0, townshi[i .")1, range 17 west,
intersects the same ; thence with the we-.tcrn line of Howai'd
county, thence with the north line of Howard county to the
sectional line which divides range lU into equal parts ; thence
north to the line between townships 5(5 and 57 ; thence we.st with
said line to a point wdiere Locust creek crosses the same : thence
down the middle of said creek to the middle of the main channel of
Grand river ; thence down said river, in the middle of the main
channel thereof to the Missouri river : thence down said Missouri
river in middle of the main channel thereof to the beginning."
The county was called •' C^haritou " -after the Chariton rivers
which flow through it from north to south, and :ifter uniting about
(404)
llltTOIiY or lIO\VAi;I> AND CIIAIUTON COINTIES. 40.")
one mile tVdiii tli(^ Misw-oiiri river, cmiity into that slrouni tnx) miles
above Glasgow, in Howard coimly.
The records to which the lii>furian would naturally turn t'or intbr-
iQutioii concerniiiL' the early history ot' the county (the records of
the county court) haye unt'orl unatcly hcen destroyed in Chariton
county, from the date ot' its organization to N()venil)er 11, 18til.
Beinj; ilepriyed ot' this ^.ource of information, which is not onl_\- deti-
iiite but authentic, we are compelled in oui- in\'estigation>; after the
truth, to rely, to ^omc extent, ui^ou traditions and contemporaneous
facts, which hear uijon tlie same periods of time.
The records of deeds were also destroyed, from 1821 to 1S26 ;
deeds of trust, from January, IS.'i'J, to Noycmber 11, 1861, and the
marriage record, from 1S52 to 18ol.
THK clerks' offices BUHXED.
The county and circuit clerks' offices were detached from the old
court-house and were located in the southwest corner of the court-
house yard. On tiie night of November 11,1881, a litile after nud-
night, Senator Andrew Mackav dij^covereil from the hotel a tire in
the direction of the court-house. He, with J. C. Crawley, at once
went to tile court-house and sa.w that the clerk.-^" othce uas on fire.
How it occurred and why the building was set on tire, has never been
ascertained, ^^'ilen these gentleman arriyed on the ground, the roof
of the County clerk's othce was falling in and the roof of the circuit
clerk's ofhce was just becoming ignited. A\'itliout a moment's hesi-
tation the door of the liuilding wa> broken open, when Mr. Crawlev
entered and threw out the books belonging to that ofKce.
TilK COUnT-HOFSE BUII.NEI).
On the 20th of September, 18i)4, the iujshwackers under Todd,
Threldkill and other desperate and dangerous characters, came into
Keytesville and burnt the court-house, under the plea that it was used
as a place of rendfzvous for the .Union soldiers and militia. Had it
not been for the timely interference of Judge Lucien Salisbury, who
was at the time in the town, these vandals and iconolasts would
have burnt the recorils with the building. The judge prevailed upon
them to permit him to take out the records. The leader of the band
told him he would give him five minutes in which to get the records
out of the building, but before the time was up the house had been.
28
40G HISTORY OF IIUWAKO AND CIIAUITON' COUNTIES.
set on tire, I)}' tlie ex[)lo>ion of ;i kep: of {)0\vdor, wliich had Vn-fii phiced
in the hii-ge room below on the lirst story. Notwith.staiuling thi.-< f;iot,
Judge L. S;!li=i))urj :ind the patties wlio were ii.ssisting him, suc-
ceeded in s:iving ;i!l. the hooks of record e.xcept those tliat have ;dread\'
been mentioned.
FlIi'^T CIKCLIT COUKT.
The first Ciieult Court that convened in the county of Chariton
met on tlie 2fjlh d^y of Fehruary, ].S21, in the town of Chariton.
Judge David Todd, tiie presiding and sole judge of said court, First
Judicial Circuit, being jirescnl, iiroiluced the f<dlo\ving conuni^sions :
Alexander 2\IcNair, Go\eruor of the State of Missouri: To all
who shall see these presents greeting:
" Know you, That reposing >ii.x'ial trust and contidence in the integ-
rity, learning and ability of David Todd, esquire, 1 have nominated
and 1)}' and with the advice and consent of the Senate, do appoint him
circuit judge of the tii'st .Tu<licial Circuit in the State of Missouri, and
do authorize and emimwer him to discharge the duties of said office
according to law. To have and to hold the said otEce with all the
right>, privileges ami emoluuieuts therewith ap[)ertaining, unto him,
the said Da\id U'odd, during good l)ehavior, iniless sooner rem<n'cd
according tct \a\v. In testimony whereot', 1 have affixed in\ jiri\ate
seal. (There being no seal ol" State yet provided.) Given under my
hand at St. Louis, the oth tlay of Deceuii)er, A. D. 1821, and of ih.e
Independence of the United Stales the forty-tifth.
B}' the Governoi' : A. Mc?naik.
Joshua Baiitox, Secrefaiy of State."
It will be liotieed from the above commission, that the capital of
the State was then at St. Loui>, and that the State of Missouri had
not been fully admitted into the Union, that event being conlirmed
August 10th, 1831, by the Legislature which met at St. Charles.
Edward B, Cabell was appointed the first clerk of the Circuit Court.
Ephriam Moon was ap|)oiuted the first sheriff.
Hamilton R. Gandile the first circuit attorney.
The first grand jury impanelled in Chariton county was composed
of the following persons : —
Henry Lewis, foreman ; James Heryford. Samuel Dinmore, Able
Lee, Al)salom McDaniel, Samuel Forest, William Crawford, Ishaai
Douglass, James McKowii, Lewis White, John Gailher, Joseph
IIISTOIIY OF ITOWAKD AND CUAIUTO.V COUNTIES. 407
15rc\vor, Leonard lirassfieM, Aluain Lock, Samuel Watson, William
.Tones, Nathaniel Butler', Archibald Hix, Benjamin Cross, Abner
Chapel, Banks Thornton, lJ()i)ertson Daniel and Charles Harrington.
AU of tliese are deail, the last: survivor hiiinii' Nathaniel Butler, who
died in LSiiS, at the ago of about 7-1 years, yiv. Butler represented
(Jhariton county in tlic Lower House of the Legislature in 18J7 or
1858.
The attorneys present u})on the first day of the court were Cyrus
Edwards, John C. Mitchell, William J. Redd, Joseph I. Monroe, John
Paj'iie, Andrew S. ]McGirk and Hamilton R. Gamble.
The commissioners, Richard ^Voodsou, Lawson Dunnington, Hiram
Craig, William Pearce and Baylor Banks, appointed by the Legisla-
ture in 1820 to locate the county seat, appeared, gave bond and took
the required oath.
The tirst suit v.-as was entitled " James McGunegie, plaintiff', against
Jonathan S. Findlay, defendant," and was based upon a petition to
foreclose a mortgage. The third suit, civil action., was brought by
Dull" Green, plainlitf, against Edv.-ard B. Cabell, defendant, on an ac
count. The tirst Jury trial was had on a case entitled. "John Gaither
et al, against Uriah T. Hcntl'man," a civil action, which had l)ecn ap-
pealed from a justice of the peace to the Circuit Court.
John Wigginton, John R. White, Sylvanus Warren, Jonathan S.
Findlay, Peter Lyon, Richardson Terrel, Joseph Bntterfield, Thomas
Watson, James Reddick, Stephen Donoiioe, David Love and James
Morin, were the jurors, who not being able to agree upon a verdict,
wei-e discharged.
The above constituted the business of the entire term of the court,
exce[)t the recording of a few commissions.
SECOND TERM.
The court met again June 25, 1821. The grand jury impanelled at
this term of the court was composed of Daniel Ashley, foreman,
Josiah Brown, S. Johnson, A^'illiam Cabeen, Peterson Parks, John
Vance, Samuel Campbell, Thomas Watson, Thomas Botts, John M.
Fowler, Frederick W. Banihiek, Wright Hili, Pleasant Browder,
William Harrington, George Burckhartt, Thomas Bradley, James
Temple, John Tooly, and Daniel Beggs. The first State case was
"The State of Missouri against Setli Boths and John Moore." Two
other indictments were found and the grand jury discharged.
408 HlSTOJn OF lIOWAr.D AND CIIARITOX COrNTIES.
John r. llyluud, Dahaoy C;ut and Cieorge Tompkins were r.dinictcd
as practising attorneys. A number of cases were tried and disposed
of. The conitnissioiiers, to locate the county seat, made the following-
report : —
" That, the permiuient seat of jrastice for the said countv of
Chariton, he fixed in the town of Ciiariton, and that courts in
the future are to lield in the brick-house in the public sipiure.
That the deed made to the commissioners fos- the beuetit of Chari-
ton county is hei'ewiiii submitted for your approval ; however,
it is to be observed, tliat subsequent to the signing of the jiower of
attorney by Sahret Jolmson to Dad' Green, to grant any concession
of pid)lic lots, which may be found necessary to secure a couutv seat
in said town. That Subret Joliuson has coureycd to Tlionuis Joice,
but is, notwithstaridiug, \villing to all and everything Green nuiv
lawfully do concerning tlic premises, and has authorized Baylor Banks
or Sabret Johnson to confirm the same on his part. Should you in
TOur opinion think it necessary to have Bank's or Johnson's contirma-
tion (which is in my humble opinion just), it can i)e had as 'Mv. Banks
and Johnson are at hand, and 1 believe will have no objections.
We are, with due respect, etc.,
June 25, ISiIl.
HiKAM Craig,
W>[. Peakck,
Baylor Banks."
third term, october, 1821.
Henry, T. Williams, Peyton R. IIa}clen, ami Abiel Leonard were
admitted as practising attorneys. This term of the court continued
two days, and was occupied with tlie trial of one or two criminal and
several ordinary ci\ ii suits.
John R. Guy was recognized as the tirst administrator, he havinu:
been appointed b}' the Circuit Court of Howard county as such to ad-
minister upon the estate of Lewi.- Gray, deceased.
EARLY MARRIACfKS.
The following are some of the earliest marriages that took place in
the county. Among the names of the contracting parties, tlie pre-
sent generation will doubtless recognize tiie names of many of their
ancestors.
HISTORY OF nOV,-ARD AND CnAIUTON COIJNTIKS. 409
I, Joliu M. Fowler, :i justice of Ihc [)eacc, do l!ei'el)y certifj thr»t
I solemnized the rights of iiKitriniony between John ^Montgomery and
Elenor Moore, on the thirteenth day of January, 1820, in tiic town-
ship of Chariton. Given under my hand this 2tjUi day of January,
1821.
J. M. FOWLEU, J. P.
I, Jolm M. Fowler, a justice of the peace, do hereby certify that
I solemnized the rites of matrimony between Absalom MeDaniel
and Polly AVolfscale, on the 12th of October, 1820, in the town-
ship of Chariton. Given under my hand this 2l3th day of Jannaiy,
1821.
John M. Fowlek, J. P.
STATE OF MISSOURI, >
County of Chakiton. 5
Be it remembered, that the undersigned, a justice in and for tho
county aforesaid, did join together in matrimony, the 22d day of
July last, Samuel Gibbs and Mary Barnes. Given under my hand,
this 23d day of July,' 1821.
Will. W. Monkor.
Edward B. Cahdl, Clerk of Cliariton count;/.
Sir: I transmit to you, the marriage of James Slaytor to Marj
MeDaniel, on the 2d day of August, 1821, by me.
Mautix Morgan, J. P.
August 16, 1821.
I do certify, that 1 did celebrate the rites of matrimony between
William Fleetwood and Patscy Ashby, on the 13th day of October,
1821.
James Earicksox.
One of the Justices of the county of Chariton, JIo.
To the clerk of Chariton Circuit Court.
Sir: — This is to certify, that on the 11th day of October last, I
celebrated the rights of matrimony between Josiah Shockley and
Nancy Clark, both of Chariton county. Given under my hand, this
26th day of November, 1821.
Henry Lewis, J. P.
410 HISTORY OF HOWAKD AND CIIAIUTON COUNTIES.
STATE OF MISSOURI, ^
County of Chariton. 5
I, George Burck'aartt, u jiij^ticc of the peace, within and tor the
county afoiesaid, do hereby certify, that on the third day of March,
1822, I solemnized the rights of matrimony between John Cooley
and Polly Kitcliens. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my
hand and seal, this first day of April, A. D. 1822.
George Bukckhartt, J. P.
STATE OF MISSOURI, )
Chariton County. \
December 16, 1821.
This day joined together in the bonds of matrimony Martin Leary
and Matilda Kir'by, by me.
Charles Harryjian.
Minister of the Gospd.
CHAPTER V.
CHAmTON TOWNSHIP.
Boiuidury — Physical Features — Old Settlers — Chariton — Its Early History — OKI
Residents — Kev. Jno. M. Peck — His Visit and \Vhat He Saw — Schools —Woman
Preacher — Incidents —Tobacco —Decline of Chariton — Monticello — Its History-
Thorutonsburg — Louisvillc-on-Misjoiiri- Mai! Facilities — Comparison — Jud^e
John M. Davis — Forest Green — First German Settlement.
The oouiity was ofioiniilly nrganized with Grand Iviver, BulValo
Lick, Prairie and Chariton towuships. In 1840, the county was again
divided into Misfsouri, Bowling (ireen, Brunswick, Triplctt, Cunning-
ham, Yellow Creek, Salt Creek, ^Mendon, and Muscle Fork town-
ships. These townships were composed of what was theii called
Butl'ulo Lick township, with one voting precinct located at Brunswick.
There are now (188.3) sixteen townships, to-wit : Bee Branch,
Cockrell, Cunningham, Yellow Creek, Clark, Mendon, Salt Creek,
Muscle Fork, Triplett, Brunswick, Keytesville, Bowling Green, Way-
land, Charlton, Salisbury, and ^Missouri townships.
In giving the history of the townships, we shall have more regard
to their importance and early settlement in the order of time, than to
their alphabetical arrangement. ^Ve shall Itegin with Clniriton, it
being the first settled in the county and including within its area
the homes of those early pioneers who sutlered and braved and en-
dured so much, that their descendants might enjoy the fruits of their
labors, theTr patience and tiieir privations. AVithin this township
was located the first seat of justice ; here were gathered the pioneer
lawyers, the judges, the doctors, the officials, and that heterogeneous
class of adventurers, who follow in the wake, but never in the fore-
fiont of civilization. Here too were witnessed the first eflbrts ut
farming and the building of the embryo mill and manufactories, which
were but an earnest of what may be seen in the county now. Here
too occurred the first marriages, the first births, and here, too, re-
pose the asiies of the earliest death In fact, Chariton towusliip was
(411)
412 HISTOHV OF HOWARD AND CHAKITOX COUNTIKS.
to Cliariton county, what Jainestowii was to Virginia, what St. Augiii-
tine was to Florida, in point of settlement and importance.
UOL'XDAKY.
Ciiat'iton towiishii) takes its name from Grand Chariton river, which
skirts a portion ot" ii^ western IjouiidarN'. It is hounded on the north
by Keytesvilie and Salisbury tdwuships ; on tlie east by H>)ward
county ; on the snuth by Srdine county, from which it is separated
by the Missouri river, and on the west by ]Mis.--ouri township.
I'HYSIC'AI. i^KATrHES.
The eastern part of the towndiip is rolling : the northern jnirt is
high land, descending into bottom land. The soil is rich and highly
productive. But little rock is found in the township. Timber is
abundant and occupies a larger area of the township than prairie land.
This township is traversed l)_y Grand Chariton river, Little Chariton
river, East fork of Chariton river and Doxie fork.
OLD SKTTLERS.
Among the early settlers of Chariton township were liirani Craig,
Col. John M. Bell, Samuel Forest, John Toolev, Joseph Vance,
William Crawford, John Fowler, James Fowlei', Thomas ^yatson,
Abram Lock and his sons, Thomas, John I)., N. P., IL P. aud Wm.
AL Lock.
For the names of other old settlers in Chariton township, the reader
is referred to the succeeding pages of this chapter and also to the ad-
dress of Charles J. Cabell, which will lie found in our chapter entitled
"Old Settlers' Reunions."
CHARITON".
The early settlers of the county, in speaking of the ab.ove named
town, alway:^ called it " Old Chariton," not because there was another
and a newer town bearing the same name, but because it was the
oldest and first settled town in the county. It was located in Chariton
township, on the Chariton river, about one mile from the junction of
that stream with the Missouri, and on sections 5 and 6, township
51, range 17. Duff Green and Sabrct Johnson were the original pro-
prietors of the town site. It was laid out in the spring .of 1817,
HISTORY OF IIO^VAIlJ) AND CllARITOX rOTNTri-.S. 41?.
nboiit t\v.) yc.a-> later t!i:u\ Old Fninlvlin, iti Iloward oouiity. It
l)eiiig the most u'cstoi-ii town op. the Mi-smiri livcr when founded, it
grew rapidly jind gave promise of rivrilling even St. Lmiis, a? :i place
of coiiiiiiercial iriiportaiice. So anihitious was the little town, and so
bright seemed its future, that "William Cabecn, a slioemaker, as already
stated in the liistory of Howard coun1^', sold hi> property in St.
Louis, n block near the court-liouse, for $o,000, and invested the
money in Chariton. The St. Louis proixrty is now worth hundreds
of thousands of dollars, wliile Chariton, tiic onee lunbitions and thriv-
ing little city, is but a thing of tlie past, living oidy in the memory
of the few old settlers, who knew it. in tlic days of its prosperity.
The town contained about 1,200 people at one time, which was the
greatest number that it ever contained. At this time it had seven
dry goods and general stores, two saw and grist mills and three hotels.
Upon the authority of IJobertson Moore, who nf)w resides at Glas-
gow, the old town of Chariton, when first located, was within four
hundred yards of the [Missouri river. The river, hov.evcr, has re-
ceded until the town site is now fully one mile from its banks. Mr.
Moore settled in Chariton in 1S17. lie says that it was generally
understood bv the earlv settlers, at the time of L(!wis and Clart's
expedition in 18n4, that the Missouri river ran where Chariton w.is
afterwards locatcil. He further states that the river was fordable in
1S17, in the month of August, above Glasgow, at what has since l)een
known as the Ba^dor Banks place.
John iL Peck, D.D., visited Chariton in January, 1819, and while
there was a guest of General Dutl' Green. In speaking of his visit
in his memoirs, he has this to say of the towTi, of its location ajid
people : —
"Chariton, cmitaining about thii'tv families, has been laid oil' on ,t
stream of the same name. In the winter of 181tj-17 it was tlie
wintering ground of a trilic of Indians. The following summer three
or four log cabins were erected. Within a year the increase has been
rapid, and, in view of trade and business, it is thought to be superior
to any situation on the Missouri river. The Chariton consists of
tjireo principal streams or branches that take their rise in the great
prairies i'liv in the north, each of whi(.'h when not unusually low is
navigable for keel-boats. These bi-anches unite their waters in or.e
noble channel as they approach the town, forming a stream navigaljle
for steamboats, and a safe harbor at all seasons.
" This stream forms a beautiful semi-circle, in tlie bend of which
#14 HISTORY OF }10MARD AND CHAIMTON C(>UNTIES.
lies the town site, the lowci- end ot' the circle toucljiiig on the I\Iis-
souri. On the east s^ide of the town-phit lies ;i range of hills or hlutVb.
giving a romantic and variegated appearance. Sunie like pyramids
rise abruplly into the air, and from their summits show one of the
most delightful prospects in nature. Ascending one ol' these Iduffb.
which rose majestically fiom the town site, I had an extensive view of
the surrounding country. To the west ami northwest tlie prospect is
almost boundless.
"On the Sahbath (January 3d), though in constant pain from a
swollen and inilanied face, I preached at 1- o'clock, and again at
night.
"There are several very respectable and intelligent families in this
town, and several umpiestionably pious. At night I Cidled the atten-
tion of the ladies to the t'ornnition of a ' Female Mite Society,' to
aid the ' United Society for the Si)read of the Gospel,' in sustaining
some of our preachers in tra\elling and preaching in destitute settle-
ments. This ' uiite society ' was organized the following week, with
twenty-two members, who subscribed $3(). The ofticiating persons
chosen were Mrs. Luoretia M. Green, president; ilrs. Henrietta C.
D. Finlev. secretary : Mrs. Polly Allen, treasurer; and Mrs. ]\hiry
Ann Campbell and ]Miss Ann Green, assistant directors. In the fol-
lowing spring the first Sabbath school west of St. Louis was
commeueed in Chariton. It became au.xiliary to the • Philadeljihia
Sunday and Adult School Union," which was the progenitor of the
American Sunday School Unir)n. About this period the Baptist
missionaries held some correspondence and had some thoughts of
making Chariton a station for the ' ^\'estern Mission.' ""
From the above extract, we learn several interesting facts concern-
ing Chai'iton — lacts that are altogether relial_>le — because they were
written. c<Mitemporancously with the existence of the things therein
mentioned.
The doctor says that the town contained a population of about
thirty families in January, 1810, which would probaldy make the
number of inhabitants reach 175 persons, all told, at that time. He
also says that a tribe of Indians wintered upon the town site in 181t)-17.
and that during the following summer, which was the summer
of 1817, three ov four log-cabins were erc^cted. It is known that the
Sac and Iowa Indians were here then, aiid that these tribes remained
in the count_\' (going out in the sueiinier and returniuL'' in the fall ami
winter) until 18i8. Tlie lowas liad camped in the neighborhood of
HISTORY OF UOWAUD AND CHARITON COUNTIKS. 4 1 ■")
wlieie old Chariton was afterwards built, for inan\- years, and had
doubtless wintered in that locality in 181(5-17. Their inot-t noted
chief was White Cloud, who possessed many good traits of eiiaractei-.
and was a fine looking Indian.
Wahoochce was the chief of the Sacs. The doctor speaks of orgaii-
izintr ti " Female ^lite Society," giving the names of the otlieers, and
says iu the spring of 18:?0 the first Sabbath school west of St. Louis
was commenced in Chariton.
EAItl^Y BUSINESS MEN.
Among the early business men of Chariton were the firm of John
Ross & Co., composed of John Ross, AViHiam Glasgow and Joliii
Anil; General Dutl" Green, :uid Stephen Donalioe. all of whom had
general stores. Captain White opened the first saloon. Joseph
Brewer was a manufactni-er of hats. Lewis Green, a slave, who was
at one time the property of DiilF Green, but at the tinie of which we
speak, the proiperty of Jolm Moore, was the blacksmith. Frederick
Beanbrick was the tailor, and the onl}- German settler, at that date, in
the county. Isaac Campbell and Robertson Moore were the hotel-keep-
ers. .Tames Sample,* a brother-in-law of Duff Green, and Duff Green
himself, were the lawyers. Henry Bins was the carpenter, cabinet-
maker, and Santa Fe trader. James Keytes, who afterwa.rds founded
Kcytesville, was among the early residents of the town, and adminis-
tered to the spiritual wants of the people as a Methodist preacher.
The Baptists began tlie erection of a church edifice, but never finished it.
This was the only building of the kind ever undertaken in the place.
Among the pioneer, if mit tiie first, physicians, were Doctors Julm
Holman. John Bull,t and Iloclor \\'illis Green, a brotlier of Dufl'Grecn.
As early as 1820, tlierc was what was called a " Lf)an Office Bank"
established in Chariton, with Colonel Henry T. Williams as manager
and cashier. This institution collapsed in 1822, and was the occasion
of some little excitement among those who were pecuniarily interested
in it.
There were two early school teachers in the town, who tauglit dif-
ferent schools at the same time. The first to come was Ebenezer
* Sample was afterwarris a United States Senator from Illinois.
t Dr. John Bull was afterwards a member of Congress from Missouri.
il6 HISTORY OF 1H.)WAR1) AND CIIAIUTON COU.N'TIKS.
Kofrt-'r.--, who \v:i-^ also :i Baptist minister. He was an Eiiglislmiaii hj
birtli and ediK-ation, ami was regarded as an oracle in that cornnnmity.
"The village all declared how ranch he knew;
'Twas certain he could write, and ciplier too ;
Lauds he could mea^^ure, terras and tides pre^age;
Aud even the .story rau that he could gauge."
He was a ninn of rigid discipline, and, in some respects, quite ec-
centric. 'J'lie other teaclier rejoiced in tiie jiecuiiar and unique cogno-
men of Jfijui Brov.'ujolui. One dav tlic larger boys of Brownjohu's
school cojichided they ^\'ou]d go over and " clean out,'" as they said,
the boys of Rogers' school. Thev went over en vias^e, when the
schools we)-e dismissed at noon, aud two of the largest and l)ravest
representatives of each scliO(^l did the fighting for all their comrades.
William F. Davis, brother of Judge Jolm ]M. Davis, was the pugilist.
of Kogers' school, and Brownjohu's forces were represented by an-
other boy equally as large aud courageous. The battle was fought,
and Davis came out victorious. Of course Kogers heard of the fight,
and as sorui as school couveued in the afternoon, he called Davis to
Iiim, as he had a number of times for similar oll'enccs, ai|d was iu the
act of inllictiug corporal punishment upon him, when Davis, thinking
that his teacher might not whip him if ho told him all about the fight,
told him that the boys of Brownjohu's school had said that his
teacher — meaning Rogers — "was nothing but an old Tory," aud he
(Davis) took it up and whipped him for it. Rogers, who tlieu had the in-
strument of torture in his hand — a long, black ruler — ready to use it,
stopped andtold Davis that iniderthe circumstances he would notpunish
him. Rogers, although some forty years had passed since our revo-
lutionary war, felt very keenly the force of the epithet " Old Tory,"
and was more sensitive, doubtless, upon the subject because he was
by birth an Englishman. The incident serves to illustrate the oft-
repeated saying, •' It is owing altogether to whose ox is gored." A
man by the name of Pierce was also an early teacher.
A WOMAN PREACHKR.
In 1824, !i strange woman came to Chariton and wanted to preach
for the people. The proposition was so new and startling in its char-
acter, that the citizens of the town concluded she was not in her right
mind, and advised her to leave as soon as she could. The idea of a
HISTOllV OF HO^^'AilD A.\l> CHAIUTON COUNTIES. 417
woinairs pi-eacliiiii,' h;id not, ;il that dny, been heurd of, o^ificciallv in
this Western county, and the sovereigns ol' tlie soil Ihonglit the hare
proposition upon her part showed ineontestilde proof of her lunacy.
They thought that women should —
" From wars and fi-i);ii affairs of slatt- abstain."
INCIDENTS.
General Dull" Green was one of tlie most prominent and entcrpi'is-
ing men ofthe town. He had a imrsonal diSieulty witli a man named
John Campliell, and ^hot him through the body. Camphel! was riding
througli tiie principal street of the town, when Green, who was .stand-
ing ill the door of his own business house, with a ritle in his hands.
raised it and shot him. Campbell, however, did not fall from his
horse, but rode onto the office of Doctor Holtnan, where he was lifted
from his saddle and taken into the office. Campbell afterwards re-
covered and lived to accomplish a daring and rennirkable feat, as the
following facts testify : Campbell paid his addresses to a yountr lady
in tlie vicinity — a Mi.^s Amanda Pepper — whose father wus ()i;i)osed
to her marriage with Campbell. Campbell and the young lady beeaine
greatly attached. It was the custom in those days for the pioneer to
keep his gun in a I'ack, on the inside of his house, over the door.
Pepper always kept his gun in the rack when not using it. One after-
noon, Campbell, [irepared with a gun, mounted his horse in Chaiaton
and went to the house of his intended. When lie halted at the door,
he saw the old gentleman in the house, who in.^tantly rose from his
seat and .attempted to get hi.s gun. Campbell seeing him, presented
his gun, and told him that if he moved lie would kill him. At the
same lime, Campbell called to Mis? Amanda, and told her if she in-
tended to go with him. to come and get up liehiud him. She mounted
behind him "in hot ha-.te,"' and Canqibell rapidly disap[)eared down
the road in company with his lady love, whom he married. The irate
father was indignant emnigh to shoot Camiibell, but I'eariiig that he
would kill liis daughter, whose person alone shielded tlie object of hi.s
hatred, did not fire.
TOBACCO.
Judge John M. Feazle, who now (18S3) resides in Glasgow. How-
ard county, Missouri, came to Old Charitou, in 1833, from Virginia.
and put up written notices through the town and county, informing
418 HISTOKY OF liOWAin) AM) CllAKIlON COLNTIKS.
tho people that lie woiilil iMirchase ail the tohacco tiit-y would raise lor
three \ cars, and pa-\- tliom two dollars and a halt' a hiiiidrpd lor it.
From this period llio ranncrs lieiian to raise tohat'co : Imt little was
raised het'ore. Since then, (.'hariloii county has been one of the l»an-
ner tohacco counties of all the ciniiities in tlic United States. (See
chapter on A^rieultiire. )
In 1^25, the fortnnos of the little town, whicli had been so suecess-
fully planted in the wilderness, beizan to wane. The Chariton river
had overflowed its banks, and ehise upon the reciHling waters came
sickness and death to man}' of the inhabitants of the town, an<I to
many of those who lived near its banks. Thatdreadc'il tlisease, mala-
ria, which has in all ages of the world proven to be more destructive
to armies than the sword or bullet, and tnore fata! in its ravages u[)ou
human life than anything else, decimated the ranks of tlicse jiioueers
after each flood I'rom the ri\'er. They, however, continued to dwell
in Old Chariton. b( lie^•^ng that the felling of the forest trees in the
immediate vicinity of the town, the o|)eiilng up of the county for set-
tienieut, and the drainage of a i'aw of the swami)s and lagoons along the
hanks of the river, would o:ive a more heaUhful climate. The s;!me
condition of atTaii'.s existed year til'ter yea)-, until about 1840, when
the town was abandoned, men leaving without even efiecting a sale of
their pro])erty, and, in a few instances, leaving their half finished
houses to rot and fall to the ground. Many of the inhabitants went
to Glasgow, two miles below, which is o?ie (if the highest and m(/St
healthful locations on the river. The first attem{)t to locate another
town in the vicinit} of Chariton oci-nrred in 1831. During that year,
1831, Doctor John Grtives founded the town of Monticello, one mile
east of Chai'iton. The doctor erected a building for a store, which
was the only business house in the town, and, while building his
dwelling house, he lost his lite. lie and a hired hand had crossed the
Chariton river to get a load of sand, and wiiile returning in a canoe
the doctor was drowned. Jt)shua Belden took charge of the doctor's
business, and afterwards married his widow.
The town was beautifully located, and was regarded as a healthful
situation. A number of gentlemen of wealth and S(jcial standing re-
sided there. Among these were Walker Lewis, .Judge John M. Feazle,
Stephen AV. Lewis, U'm. A. McClure, Judge John A. Clark, John P.
Morris, Joshua Belden, and John A. Halderman. The town oc-
cupied section 4, township .')!, range 17. The next effort to build
another town was made by R. B. 1'hornton, in 183'>, at what was
HISTORY OF HOWARD ANI.) CHAKirOX rOUNI'IiiS. 419
culled the ■• roiiit," :it the iiioiitli of tlie Cliariton, where the fen-y
w;ib looatei!, on the Missouri river. This was on section 8, township
.il, i'aii:^e 17.
The tir^t business house at this place was [)Ut np byjolin Mulligan.
I'lie terry was riin l>y Andrew Thrash and R. B.Thornton. The new
town was christened Tiiorntonsburg. and named after Mr. Thornton,
who was one of the proprietors of the ferry. The first business house
was put up by Mulligan. Other business houses were erected by
Carson & Hays, and ntliers. Captain Thomas .Tovce, in the course of
a few years, oaine from Ijouisville, Jventui.-ky, to Thorntoiisbnro'. }Ie
owned or had some interest in the land upon which the town was lo-
cated, and because involved in litigation with I'lirash and Thornton.
The matter was finally settled, and Joj'ce christened the town anew,
uauiing it Loni-ville-cm-Missouri. Tiie proprietors of the new town
were Thornas Joyce, Tilly Emerson, and R. B. Thornton. Joyce did
this in ISlO, after Glasgow was hiid out and settled two miles l»elow,
and nuide every ellbrt to advance tlie interest of the town, thinking
that Louis\ilie-on-Missouri would outcrop Glasgow, and lie the t'uture
great city of the [Missouri valley. Like Old Chariton and Monticello,
the town soon became a thing of the past, while Glasgow, its most
dreaded rival, still survived.
MAIL FACIHTIKS.
There were no mail facilities west of old Cliariton until 1833, and no
mails on the north side of the Missouri river through this section of
country until that time. James Wilson was the original contractor
for carrying the mail westward from Chariton. His >on was the tirst
mail-bo3' put on the route between the towns of Chariton and Liberty'
in Clay county, Missouri. The distance was one hundred and thirty
miles by the route travelled. After two or three months Charles
Manns succeeded Wilson's son, and he in turn was succeeded by John
M. Davis, the present Judge Davis, who was then a lad of tifteen
years. Davis carried the mail three months, commencing October 9,
1833, and never missed a trip, and never failed to be at a [lost-oilice
when the mail was due. It required six days to make the round trip.
The mail left Chariton on W'cdnesday, was taken to Keytesville, and
then to Grand River, where the boy in ch;u-ge remained all night ;
thence next morning to Carv's post-olTice, in Carroll county, and then
to Henry Brewers' ferry on Crooked river, where he again stayed over_
^120 3iistoi;y of ho\v.\i;i> and cuauitun colmi[>.
night ; next n;orning lie took hi-(.':iki'ast :it EichiiioiKl, }iay county,
reacliing Lilicrty the same evening ; lea%ing L/ilicrty Saturday morning
he returned hy tlio same route, ari'iving at Cliariton on tlie al'ternoon
of tlie following ]\Ionday. The eon)pen>atioii to the mail carrier
was $9 per month, his hoard and e.\pen^scs paid, the carrier pro-
viding his own horse. The \\"e>t\vard hound mail-l)ag wouhl usually
contain ahout three pecks of mail matter ; the mail for the ea-;t, com-
ing from Liberty imd way places, would generally measure about as
much as would h'll an ordinary silk hat, consisting exclusively of let-
ters, for there were then no [ninting presses west of Old P'rankliu,
Howard count}-. There is, perhaps, no one fact tliat im[)resses itself
more torcibl}' upon our mintis of the marvellous growth of the A\'est-
ei-n country than that which is presented by the in.-^titution ju,-t here,
of a brief conijiarison. John M. ].)avis and his ponv were then the
only means of tran.--i)orting the United States mail a ilistancc of
130 miles. Davis was a mere boy, physically weak and unable
to do a man's \vork, but [josses'^ing a man's pluck and a man's
energy, he alone, the boy that he was, was the all-sutllcient
guardian and jirotec'oi' of the United States mail. cari-\ing it on
horseback and delivering it in person to the most distant an<l remote
settlement of the great West. I'lie mail whicli he carried, and which
was the accumulation of a week, was not more than (.'iiough to con-
venienth' till the uld-tashioned ordinarv mail or saddle-bags.
Look at the facilities ami apjioinlments which arc now alforded by
the government for i he transpoi-tation and dh-tribul ion of the mail
along the same route. The noisy, iron horse has superseded the
quiet, modest pony, travelling almost with the ra[)idit}- of the winds.
The robust and health}'-looking route agent, who receives his $1KI i)er
month, dresses tastefully in his >u\t of Idue and rides in a comforta-
ble car, has long since superseded John Davis, who wore his suit of
homespun butternut, receiving for his services $9 per month. We
oi)serve, however, the more marked and greater change in these evi-
dences of the growth and development of the country, in the amnuiit
of mail matter tht-n and now. Three pecks in Imlk of mail ma.tter
was sent westward then once per week ; now, alrmg the same route is
distributed, perhaps, no less than one ton per dav, saving nothing of
the many t(His which chilly go westward through Omaha and Kansas
City. Block the railroa(.ls .it either one of the [daces named, for a
week, and the amount of mail matter that would accumulate could
never be moved and distributed were it not for the irreat number of
HISTORY OF HOWAllD AND CilAPJTON COUNTIICS.
421
these roiul.s wliioli iliverire from these great centre.s. The trusty jjo.-it-
bov, liowever tlcet of foot maj' he his steed, ami the old-f'ashioMeLl
staire coach, however expeditious, would 1)C powerless to grapple with
tliis mountainous aud eon-^lantlj increasing jiile of matter.
FOREST GRKKN
was laid out hy John G. Forest, norlheast quarter of section 17,
township 52, range 17, in 187;), on the K. and ]v. Railroad, which now
connects Glasgow and Salisbury. The first hou.'>e was erected in ^lay,
1873, by M. Guerin, for a general store. Covey llerylbrd wus the
first postmaster, Frederick Weisenhani Mas the lirst i)Iacksniith. D.
Gochcy was the first carpenter. The town al present ( ISSo) contains
two business houses, one blacksmith, one pli\>ician, a tobacco fac-
tory, a hotel, post-ofBce, and public scIiddI. L. P. Nichols was the
lirst principal of the school. Silas Moore is the j)resent principal.
FIRST GKRMAN SK TTI.E.MKNT.
^Ve have already stated in this chapter that Frederick Deanbrich
was the only German settler in Chariton county from 18"20 to 1S35.
The first German settlement proper was made in 1888, four miles
north of Glasgow, in the forks of the Chariton river, by Louis Cole-
man, John ZoUah and Doctor Louis Mycr.
29 " .
CHAP T Eli VI.
KEYTKSVILLE TOWNSHIP.
Boundary — Physical Features — 01(1 Settlers — John G. Moore Killed by a Negro —
Keytesville — Its Locution and Early History — Its Business Men — Town Pros-
pered Between the Years 1832 and 1842 — Fires — Colonel Thomas H. Benton —
Incorporation ^Secret Orders — Public Schools — Banks and Bankers — Public
Buildings— Old Court House — New Court House — Jail — Poor House —
Keytesville Cemetery — Postmasters — Business -^Keytesville and Other Towns
in 1837 — Antiquities.
KEYTESVILLB TOWNSHIP BOUXDAKY.
This townsbij) is bouiidcJ on tlie ncirth by Salt creek, Muscle
Fork and Bee Branch townsliips, on the east by AVayland and Salis-
bury townships, on the south by Chariton and Missouri townships,
and on the west by Bowling Green and Brunswick townships .
PHYSICAL FEATUKE8.
Pileytesville township embraces seventy-five square miles, and is
greatly diversified. The southeast portion of it comprises a large
section of excellent farming land known as the forks of the Chariton.
A consideraljle portion of the township, however, is too steep and
broken for successful cultivation; Many of the peaks rise to an alti-
tude of many feet, and have a number of Indian mounds on their
summits. All of this region was originally in timber, but it has been
partly cleared and the rest culled to supply the saw-mills, of which
there are several in this part of the county. The portion of tlie
township lying on the west side of the Muscle fork contains some of
the finest upland prairie in the county. The northeastern part of the
township is of a nietlinm fertility, is very thickly settled and beauti-
fully diversified witii fields and groves. About two-fifths of the
entire township is wooded. The streams are the Grand Chariton
river, the Muscle fork of the Chariton, South Puzzle creek. Long
Branch creek, running into the Muscle fork. Long Branch creek run-
(422)
IIISTOnV OK IIOWAKD AND CHARITON COUNTIKS. 423
iiing into the Chariton, Cottonwood creek, .'lud many nameless
stream-.
There has, as yet, been no discovery of coal in the township.
Sand and limestone abound and have been quarried to some extent.
OLD SKTTLEKS.
Amonp' the eai'ly settlers of Keytesville township were John Moore,
Richard Cocke, E. B. Cabell, James Kyle, James Yates, ^V. C.
Halley, Benjamin Lane, John Harris, Laton Lisk, James Ryan,
James Heryford, Chtirles Heryford, William Ileryford, James Parks--,
R. S. Davis, James Gutlieridge. Jciiin Gutheridge, J.acob McDonald,
Squire McDonahl. A. "Warhurst, Joseph Hal.sey, Jolm L. Llewellyn
Levi D. Blankensliip, St. Clair Chrisman, Robert Guthrie, dames
Capper, D. N. Wheeler, James Wheeler, William Breeze, David
Petticrew, George W. Temple, A. J. Walker, Pugh W. Price, Ster-
ling Price, Henry Ashley, Felix 15edding, N. A. Grid)bs, R. S. Hyde,
and Richard Long.
'J'he following account of the death of John G. Moore was pre-
pared hy H. H. Hamncr, of Keytesville township: — ■
.lOHX G. MOORK KILLKD BY A NF.C.RO.
On the night (jf December 24, LSl).3, I was living at my father-in-
law's, John G. Moore, deceased, about one and one-half miles west of
Keytesville, Chtiriton countv, Missouri. About nine o'clock of that
night I was calbni b_\ ^L•s. Moore, she telling me that something was
going on wrong about the premises, and asked me to go out and see
what was the matter. 1 did so, but discovered liotliing unusual.
Returning to the hou~e, I stayed there some time, when Mrs. Moore
asked nie to go out and see after Mr. Moore, as she felt very unc-.is}'
about him. Li company with a ^Ir. Binford I went out and around
the premises when we met with Mr. Moore who asked us to go to
the cabins with him. Cioing into one of the cabins, we found a lot of
neorroes around the tire and Louis standing up who, upon our entrance
saluted Mr. Moore ^•ery cordially, saying: "How are you, Massa
Johnny." Mr. Moore replied to him and at the same time remarked
to him : "Louis, what is that you have in your hand there?"' On
the instant Louis said : " I belong to the United States army," drew
his pistol and fired hitting Mr. Moore. Louis then sprang through
the door. Mr.'^Binford and myself pursued him : when some little
424 nisTOiiv ok hou'A}:u and ciiAiUTOx countiks.
di;^taiice from the (.-abiii we ciuiglit him Ijy each arm, he llirowiiig
himself forward with such force ;is to cause liiiu and mjscif to fall
to thc'grouiid. ]\Ir. iNIoore, wiiile we were down, came up and fired
one shot when Loui.s spi-ang up and ran around the house, myself
iind Binford pursuing, while Mr. Moore went the other way to head
him off. When Mr. Moore met him he tired again, wiicn Louis
sprang over a fence and made ids escape. Upon returning to the
house we found Mr. Moore was hit, and becoming weak upon entei--
ing the door fell forward u[)oii ins face. I thea went for Dr. Dewey,
of Keytesville, who, upon his ,•lrl■i^•al and cxandnation of the wound,
said that he was fatally shot and could not live ovei- two or three
hours; ho died during tiiat night, 'i'he next un)rning I went to
Keytesville and got a warrant and jilaced it in the hands of the
.sheriff, Mr. Caiman, who faileil to capture Louis. The next we
heard of Louis he was at some point in Iowa, and we were informed
that if we would pay the reward, $.iOO, we could get him. We
applied to General Rosencrans for military protection, and expected
to go after Louis and l)ring him to Missouri, hut being refused bv
hira the needed protection, all efforts to capture and punish Louis
were abandoned.
KKYTESAILLE.
Keytesville, tiie county scat of Chariton county, was laid out in
1832, and located originally on the North .V, North-West ^ section 4,
township 53, range IS. Caleb Woods was the original proprietor of a
portion of the land iipon which the town is located. Woods went from
Chariton county to Oregon at an early day. In 1830, James Keytc, an
Englishman, and a Methodi.st preacher, purchased the land upon which
the town was located, a(id in 1832 donated fifty acres to the countv,
upon which the court-house and other public buildings were erected
iu 18o;5-34. The county seat was moved from Chariton in 1833, the first
term of the Circuit Court being held in Keytesville on July KJth, 1833.
As early as 1831 Jlr. Keyte erected a log-cabin near the bank of ^luscle
Fork, where the residence of Hugh Bartz now stands. At the same
time, or soon after, he built a small business house, in one corner of
his yard, and put it in charge of his sister, Miss Sarah Keyte, who not
only attended to the store and post-office, but often carried the mails
between Old Chariton and Keytesville.
After the town was laid out, a snndl log-house was put up east of
the court-house by Thomas Givens, designed as a business house, with
Wni. A. Wilson in charire. The next business firm was that of the
HISTOKY OF liOWAKD AND CIIAltlTOX COU.NTIKS.
i-Jb
Hackley Rrotheivs (W. E. lunl G. W. Ilackiey), who came ftoin
Howard county in 1S.j2. Tlioy dcall much i:i furs, h<iiu'y, etc.
The pioiipci- Iiolcl-koi'iier wa> Isaac \V . Kcdiling-, who tiaished his
double-h.)g hou>e in the summer of 1.S3-2. On the first (hiy ot'Auu'ust
he opoued iiis iiote! with n ii:rand uiimcr, to wiiich lie invited a nmn-
ber of guests. John B. xVnderson opcral(>d tiie next house of enter-
tainment.
Jtuiies Keyte erected a mill (water mill) on the old sight of the
present mill, and sold a half interest to dohn B. Anderson above
mimed. The original blacksmith was Peter Lassin, uDane. Theodore
Crane started a pottery. The first physician was Doctor David Petti-
grew, who died in 1847. The first lawyer was Wm. F. Davis, brother
of Judge J<ihn M. Davis. 'Squire I\IcDoiia!d was the 6rst tailor.
Piigh Price, father of General Sterling Price, came from ]\andolph
county, Missouri ( but originally from Virginia), in flie fall of IS.'U, and
settled on a firm, about a mile south of Keytesvillo. His two sons.
Sterling and John K. Price, who lun.l attained their majority, came
with him. In lSo'2 these sons married, John marrying a daughter of
General Owen, of Howard county, and Sterling a ^liss lle:id, ol"
Randolph county. Soon after their marriages the old gentleman ga\e
to each son a share of his property. John moved to Fa^■ette, and
Sterling remained here. John, however, before leaving, had erected
a hotel in Keytesville — a frame building. This he sold to Ster-
ling, who soon after, in 1835, embarked in the mercantile luisi-
uess with Walter G. Childs, his brotlier-in-law ; in the nietintime he
operated the hotel. General Price remained in Keytesville till 184G,
when he went to Mexico, in command of a regiment. (See hi'~toiv
of State.) He returned to Chariton county in 1847, and in 1848
moved to Bowling Green jirairie, where he owned a large farm. Heie
he li\cd until his deatli, wliich occurred in 18iJ7.
General Price was one of the most talenteil and distinguished men
of]Missoiiri. He represented Chariton county in the General Assem-
bly, was Governor of the State, and a member of the United States
Congress. He was a gallant soldier in the Mexican war, and when
the war of 18<')1 was inaugurated, he espoused the cause of the South,
and clung to her failing fortunes with the tenacity of a brave and true
soldier. Although he has been dead ipiite a number of vears, his
memory is still fragrant in Chariton county, and especially amonir
the old settlers of Keytesville, who knew him long ami well. A bio-
graphical sketch of General Price will be found in the historv of
Bowling Green township.
426 Misroi.'Y OF howakd and cpiakitox countiks.
Amoiisr other old iiierchauts wore Givens & Abel, O. R. LyforJ,
Applegiite & Siilisbiii'v, J. R. Horsle_v, R. G. Beiisley, and others.
John Doss opeiu'il a hatter's shop in 1832. He linally moved to St.
Joseph, Missouri, where he was killed. Wni. Breeze was the first
saddiei- in the town, and ^\'m. R. Allen, Colonel Nathan A. Grnbhs,
and Josiah Price were among the tir.^t bnildors and carpenters.
Iveytesviile ]trospered from ls;i2 to about 1842, when the rising
town of Bninswiek began to attract attention, and gave much pro-
mise of becoming a great business ))oint. Keytesville has had
several small tires. The largest occurred on the 18th of April, 1880,
when almost the entire block on the north side of Bridge street was
destroyed.
COL. THOMAS H. BENTOX.
In the fall of LS49 Keytesville was honored with the presence of
the distinguished gentleman whose names stands above. He was
advertised to speak at Brunswick, but learning that the choler;i was in
town, he went to Keytesville, where he remained two days, and ad-
dressed the people upon the political issues that were then before the
country.
IN'COKl'Or.ATIOX.
Keytesville was incorporated under an act incorporating towns and
villages, February 3d, 1868, with the following named trustees : John
Gaston, Andrew Mackay, Jr.. M. G. Holeomb, F. M. Redburn and
E. M. Burr. In March, 1883, it was incorporated as a city of the
fourth class. The following were the ofUcers chosen ; - —
J. M. De Moss, mayor; D. B. Kellogg, D. N. Wheeler, Hugo
Bartz, Richard Lowery, councilmen ; O. F. Smith, city attornev and
clerk; John D. Butler, treasurer; Jolui Gaston, marshal.
AVarren Lodge No. 74, A. F. & A. M., Keytesville, Chariton county,
Missouri. Charter members— Ja-^. A. Clark, P. W. Price, W. C. Hal-
ley, Thos. B. Edgar, Geo. A. Adams, O. S. Lyford and Alfred Maim.
Organized under dispensation in January, 1845, with the following
first officers: Alfred INlann, W. M. ; Thos. B. Edgar, S. W. ; Wm.
C. Halley, J. W.; Jas. A. Clark, secretary and treasurer; Geo. A.
Adams, S. D. ; O. S. Lyford, J. D. ; P. \V. Price, tyler. Charter
bears date Octoi)er 20tli, 1845.
Officers for 1883 — John Cheviers, W. M. ; M. W. Anderson, S.
W. ; Jno. D. Butler, J. W. ; M. H. Holeomb, treasurer; L. M. Ap-
HISTORY OF HOWAIID AND CHAKITON COUNTIES. 427
plegute, secretary; E. B. Kellogg, S. D. : A. S. Taylor, J. D,^ II.
Hawkins, tyler; J. J. KiMidrick, J. W. Cox, stewards.
Charitou Lodge No. 177, A. O. U. W., instituted January' 5th,
1880, composed of the following names a:^ charter members: J.
A. Hudson, P. M. W. ; M. T. Furcher, M. W. ; G. R. Stuart, fore-
man ; D. X. Wheeler, overseer ; H. Ileatch, recorder; J. P. Tippett,
receiver; Win. P. Jared, tinanceer ; J. AVhiteman, guide; Ed. Wal-
ter, I. W. : Chas. Schell, O. W. : M. T. Fulcher, M. E. ; L. M.
Leonard and D. Victor.
Present officers — M. W. Anderson, M. W. ; R. H. Tisdale, re-
corder. Regular meetings second and fourth Tuesdays in each month.
Present membership, tifty-tive. One death occurred since organized,
tive withdrawn and two suspended.
Keytesville Legion, S. K. A. O. U. W., No. 29, instituted and
held its tijst regular meeting July 14th, 1882. Names of charter
members as follows: II. Veatch, A. B. Hughes, J. D. Butler, D.
Victor, J. J. Moore, Goo. H. Applegate, John Whitesidos, J. L. Uin-
barger, C. T. White, D. N. AVheelcr, L. W. Leonard, John Carroll,
Chas. Schell, Ed. Walturs, W. P. Jared, C. T. Holland, J. Whitemau,
AV. W. Rucker, L. M. Applegate, O.^car Wood, R. H. Tisdale, John
P. Tippett, Geo. C. Martin, Albert Hunter, E. B. Elliott, Wm. B.
Sneed. Present membersbij>, forty-four. Two have been suspended.
OiEcers : Jack>on Whiteman, select com. ; Richard IL Tisdale, se-
lect recorder.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS OF KLYTESVILLK.
The public school of Keytesville M'as organized after the war of
18(51, and has been increasing in interest and public favor ever since.
The average attendance of pupils is 300. The enrollineiit numbers
about 500, which includes the school children of the district. One
hundred of this number are colorctl children, about lialf of wliom
attend school.
Present teachers in, charge of the school are, G. W. Newton, prin-
cipal ; Miss Anna Miller, Miss Addie Veatch, Miss Ettie V. Hays,
J. R. Austin.
The school is taught in a frame building, located south of the
court-house, and is in a Hourishing condition.
BANKS AND BANKERS.
There have been but two banks in Keytesville, the Bank of Keytes-
ville, established in 1871, and the Fanners" Bank of Cliariton county,
both of which are still in existence.
428
HfSTOia* OF IIOWAUD AND CIJAIMTON COUNTIES.
Official slatfiuent of tin- riiiaiici:il coiKlilion of tlic Bank of Keytos-
ville, on the tucnty-lil'ih day of August, 188;i : —
Resources —
Loans unJoubteiilv good on personal or collateral
security ........ $15,324. 50
Loans and discounts inKloul)todly good on real estate
security 3,102 20
Overdrafts by solvent customers .... 1,872 00
Due from other hanks, good on sight draft . . 60,025 75
Furniture and fixtures ...... 750 00
Bills of National banks and legal tender L'nited States
notes . 2,153 00
Gold coin . . . . ' . . . . 600 00
Silver coin ........ 172 45
Total
Liabilities —
Capital stock paid in . . .
Deposits sui>ject to drafts — at sifrbt
Total
William E. Hill, owner and cashiei'.
$83,!iyt) 90
$ 5,000 00
78,990 90
$83,999 90
Farmer^' Bank of Chariton county, commenced business Decem-
ber 1, 18S0. OtBcers: L. M. Applegate, president; Judge J. B.
Ilydo, vice-president; J. C. Miller, cashier. Statement made on
10th day of May, 1SS3 : —
Resources. —
Cash and sight exchange ..... $65,028 94
Loans and disct)unts
Banking house
Furniture and fixtures
Overdrafts by solvent customers
Liabilities —
Capital stock paid in
Surplus funds . .
Deposits ....
20,217 67
6,221 49
1,704 79
1,436 31
$94,609 20
$10,000 00
3,567 28
81,041 92
$94,609 20
lllSTOilY OF HO\VAH]> AND CllAKITON COUNTIES. 4:^9
I'UliLIC BUlLDINCi-.
Notwithstanding tlie tact tluit a laruo niinilu'r, proliably a majority
of tlic people in every county, liave very litllf practical experience in
the courts, and ulth(iui;h the\' have the legal capacity to sue and he
snetl, ne\"er improvo their opportunities, and never apj'car in court,
unless it be on compul.-ion as witnesses and jurors ; yt't as the one
great conservator of the peace, and as the final arhiter, in case of
individual or neighborhood disputes, the court is distinguished above
and apart from all and cvcr>- other institution of the land, and not
only the prot-eedings of the court, but th.e place of holding the court,
is a matter of interest to the averai^e reader. Not only so, liut in
man}' counties, the court-house was the tirst and nsnally the only
public building in the count\'. The tirst court-houses were in)t very
elaborate buildings, to be sure, but they are enshrined in memories
the preseut can never know. Their uses were general, nither than
special, and so constantly were thev in use, daA' and night when the
court was in session, for judicial, edueatif>\Kd, religions ami social
purposes, that the doors of the (dd conrt-lionses, like the gates of
gospel grace, stood o[)en, niglit and dav, and the snnill annnmt in-
vested in th.ose old hewn logs and rcmirh l.ienches, returned a much
better rate of interest on the investment, than do the stately jhles of
brick or granite which have taken their places. The inennu-able
court-house of early times, was a house adapted to a variety of pur-
poses and had a career of great usefulness.
School was taught, the gospel preached and justice disi)ensed within
its rude, but substantial walls. Then it served frec[uently as a resting
place for weary travellers, and, indeed, its doors always swung on
easy hinges.
If the old settlers are to be believed, the old court-houses, when
tirst erected in this \Vestern country-, ot'ten rang on the pioneer .Sali-
bath with a more stirring elocpience, than tint which enlivens the pul-
pits of the present time. ^lany of the earliest ministers otEciated in
their walls, and if they could but speak, they woidd doubtless tell
many a strange talc of pioneer religion, that is now lost forever.
To those old court-houses, ministers came of ditlerent faiths, but
all eager J^o expound the simple truths of a sublime and beautiful
religion, and point out for compai'ison the thorny path of duty, and
the priuirose way of dalliance. Often have the walls of the old court-
430 IIISTOK^' OF IIOM'AIII) AND CHAUITON COUNTIES.
house jrivtii \K\c\i tlic echoes of tliose who sang the songs of Zioii,
and many an ening wanderer, has had his heart moved to repentance
thereby more strongly than ever by the strains of homely eh)quence.
With Monday morning, the old Ijuilding changed in character, and
men went thither, seeking not the mere}' of God, bnt the justice of
man. The scales were held with an even hand. Those who presided
knew every man in the county, and they dealt out substantial justice
and the broad principles of natural equity prevailed.
Children went there to school and sat at the feet of teachers, who
knew little more than tb.emselves ; but, however humble the teacher's
acquirements, he was hailed as a wise man aud benefactor, and his
lessons were heeded with attention. The old people of the settlement
went there to discuss their own ail'aii's and learn from visiting attor-
neys, the news from the great world so far away towards the East.
In addition to the orderly assemblies which formally gathered there,
other meetings no less notable occurred. It was a sort of u forum,
whither all classes of persons went for the i)urpose of loafing and
gossiping, and telling and hearing some new thing.
There is little of the poetic and romantic in the make up of Western
society and the old court-house, after the building of the new one,
ceased to be regarded with reverence and awe. In a new country,
w^here every energy of the peo[)le is necessarily employed in the prac-
tical work of earning a living, and the always urgent and ever in'oscnt
question of bread and Ijutter is up ffir solution, peo]ile cannot be ex-
pected to devote much time to the poetic and ideal. It therei'ore
follows, that nothing was retained as a useless relic, which could be
turned to some utility ; but it is a shame that the people of modern
times have such little reverence for the relics of former days. After
these houses ceased to be available for business purposes, they should
have been preserved, to have at least witnessed the semi-centennial of
the country's history. It is sad, in their hurry to grow rich, so few
have care even, for the work of their own hands. How many of the
early settlers have preserved their first habitations? The sight of
that humble cabin would be a source of much consolation in old days,
and its i>resence would go far toward reconciling the present genera-
tion with their lot, when comparing its lowly appearance with the
modern residence whose extensive apartments are l)cginning to be too
unpretentious for the enterprising and irrepressible "Young Ameri-
cans."
HISTOUV OF HOWAUD AXD CHARITON COUNTIES. 431
OLD COLKT-HOl'SE.
Chariton county has had but two court-houses. The first courts
were held at Old Chariton tor the sjiace of aliout eleven years, Init no
court house was built. The first court-house, wiiich we ha\'e called
the " Old Court-House," was erected in 1832-33, at Ke}tesville. It
was Iniilt of brick, and was two stories in height, and squai'e in sliape.
The building contained four rooms, one below and three above — tlie
court-room below, the jury and other rooms above. This Iniilding
was destroyed during the war of 1801, an account of wiiich we have
already given in this chapter.
N?:W COURT-HOUSE.
The new court-house is one of the largest and handsomest buildings
of its kind in tiie State, and was erected upon the sight of the old
house in 18G6. It is also of brick, is 110 by 62 feet, two stories
high, and cost nearly $75,000. It is located in the southwestern
part of the town, on a commanding elevation — overlooking a large
section of countrv towards the west and south.
The present jail was erected in 1872, at a cost of $11,000. It is
a brick structure, two stories high and snl)stantially built, the sher-
ift''s residence being connected therewith.
POOR-HOUSE
is located on section 11, township 53, range 19, four miles nearly
west of Keytesville, and two and a half miles northwest of Daltou.
It was built in 1868, the building and farm costing originally about
$35,000.
KEYTESVILLE CEJIETEKV.
" Beneith those rugged elms, that yew trees shade,
Where heaves the turf in many a moulderiug heap,
Each in his narrow cell forever laid,
The rude forefathers of the hamlet sleep."
432 histoi;y ok howaiid and chakitox counties.
Thf cemetory is just north of tlie town. It is oncloscd witli a
ffMcc. hut tiie older portion of tlie liurial ei'ouiids are g■l■o^vu over
with weeds, briars and undeigrowtli^ Maiu' "f the graves ave in a
iiegleeled condition ; tlie lioad and foot stones arc moss-covered, and
u uuniber of thcni are broken and lie in pieces among the leaves and
weeds. Among the earliest inscriptions which arc now scarcely
decipherable, we noticed the following: —
]Mrs. :Martha Ashby, born February 27tli, 1798; died, June 2."»th,
1847.
Robert S. Davis, born September 14th, 178?> ; died November 7th,
1850.
David Pcttigrew, Ijorn August 12th, 1807 ; died Fei)ruary 22d,
1847.
Charles White, bora in 1811 ; died Scptemlter, KUh, 18G1.
There are many nice monuments scattered over the grounds, some
of which are of the finest marble, and have carved upon them beauti-
fully wrought images, either suggestive of the character of the
deiiartcd one, or simply beautiful as designs, symljolizing some one of
the passions of love, hope, purit}", etc.
By f:ir the most attractive monument now to be seen in the ceme-
tery is the statue of Willie Amos Hill, son of Wm. E. Hill, who was
born May 31st. 1855, and died Octotier 17th, 1870. TJiis statue was
made in Curacus, Italy, by Muldoon, Doyle ^Ic Co.. and cost s;],00i).
It is fashioned out of the whitest and purest of Italian marl^le, and
being in a prominent place near the entrance to the grounds, it is at
once seen and admired by the stranger. The statue surmounts a
block of marble, which is about tivefeet in height. The figure itself,
is in a standing position, life size, with the right arm resting upon a
pedestal. The left, foot is casually crossed over the right, and the
left hand is quite naturally thrust into the pocket of his pants. Every
thing about the figure seems to be easy, graceful and perfect. The
coat, vest and pants, look as natural as though they were before you
on the person of a living man. So true to nature has been the artist,
that he has chiseled the ver}' wrinkles in the arms of the coat and the
legs of the pants, not even omitting the seams of the clothes and boots
which had been worn by the deceased while living. The head of the
statue is uncovered, with hair smoothly parted, and the face, which
is said to be -s facsimile of the original, is looking towards the east.
Although this exquisitely wrought picture is nothing more than cold
and lifeless marble, it is an exact image of him for whom it was fash-
HISTORY OF HOWARD AXD CHAUITO.V COrNTIF.S. 4.").".
ioiied, :ind when ir;a/.ii)ii- upon it, one t'fcls like lie was in the presence
of'ii livintr, hi-eathinir soul.
POSTMASTERS.
James Kcvte, J. Gilibs,
Sterling Prieo, Ilohert White,
Liston A[>plegate, William Maynaid,
L. Salisburv, Robert ChaiitUer.
Jas. It. Hoislev. Charles Ventch.
J. J. Mills,
BUSIXF.SS HOUSKS.
3 drug stores, 2 l)anks, ,
3 drj' goods stores, 1 barber shop,
*} grocery stores, 2 harness shops,
2 blacksmith shops, 1 shoe shop,
1 wagon shop, 1 liotel (and one in process of
1 flouring mill, construction),
1 stoves and hardware, 1 i)rintingofEce(Charit(>n (''oJi/vVr),
1 lumber and hardware, 2 tobacco factories,
3 saloons, 3 white churches,
1 restaurant an.d baker^', 2 colored churches.
1 millinery shoj),
KKYTESVII.LK AND OTUKK TOWNS IN 1837.
Wetmore has this to say of KeytesviUe and other towns in 1837,
in his Gazetteer, published at that date: " KeytesviUe is the seat of
justice for this county, and is the princii)al town in it. The old town
of Chariton was built at an early period, a little above the mouth of
the Chariton river, and within a near view of the Missouri. This lo-
cation proved an unfortunate one, and the place was found so sickly
that it is now a deserted village. It is within a half a mile of the con-
tinence of the two ))rincipal forks of the Chariton river, and on the
wide bottom made by the Missouri and these two rivers. An attempt
was made to erect, out of Chariton, two or three other towns in its
vicinity. But the business men interested in the trade of the rich
and populous country embraced within Howard and Chariton, and at
suitable distance from the landing of the great bend of Missouri
here, have tixed on a new site within the western boundary of IIow-
431 HlSrOIlY OF HOV.-A1U) AND CilAKlTOX COUNTIES.
:irdcouiit\', iiir.l they :irc coniineiiciiip; tlieir business operations tlicro.
An excellent house of entertainment will remain at Old Chariton for
the acconimodiition of travellers, and the steam saw-mill will continue
as a useful contributor to the growth of the new town below. From
Old Chariton tlie traveller crosses the cast fork of the Chiuiton on an
excellent bridge and pursues his route towards Keytesville, to which
place it is seventeen miles. After travelling about six miles the
road runs through a beautiful and very rich timbered country for
eleven miles to Keytesville. This town is happily situated on the
left bank of the Muscle fork, a branch of the main Chariton, within
the timbered country and on a high site. To the south, a fine view
opens over a prairie as ricli as any part of the glol)e, and snfKciently
rolling for the convenience of farming operations. Much of the
prairie is already occupied, and the improvements add to the natural
beaut}' of the view from Keytesville. There are in Kej'tesville a good
court-house, four st.jre>, with a general assortment of merchandise in
each, and tluec taverns, and all the various mechanics' shops that are
requisite in a farming country. Where the main road to the upper
counties issues frrmi the town and crosses a good bridge, a saw-mill
and grist-mill, with two pairs of stones, run the whole year. This is
a convenience that is peculiar, and in Missouri but few places enjoy
the same advantage. Although Chariton has not settled as rapidly as
some of the counties, the lauds of which were in market at an
early period, yet there is a large portion of the county that is first-rate
land, and nuicii of it remains subject to entry at the minimum price of
one dollar and a quarter per acre. There are many springs in this
county, and some salt water. One salt spring, the property of Major
Ashb}-, is strong enough for the manufacture of salt. Tlie mill-sites
in Chariton are numerous, and there are four mills lieing ])uill in ad-
dition to the one already mentioned at Keytesville. Mr. Kcyte,
the original proprietor of Keytesville, is beginning anf)ther tou'u at
the mouth of Grand river, which he calls Brunswick. The site is an
eligible one, and will probably become the point of lauding and ship-
ment for the fine back country north and east of the position chosen
for that purpose. One and a half miles from Keytesville, on the
Grand Chariton, is a mill-site unoccupied, of great value, having a
rock bottom and one bank of solid rock. There is supposed to be
water sufBcient for a saw-mill and one or two large merchant mills.
* * * The imi)rovejnent and settlement of Chariton countv
have been greatly retarded by the military bounty-lands within it.
IIISTOiiV or HOWARD ANJ> CUAniTON COUNTIES. 4o5
beinir owned to u fneiit e?di?nt by non-icsidents. Those persons who
would he disposed to purchiise :ind settle on these lands might look
in vaia for tlio owners, wlio reside in some distant quarter of the
Union."
ANTIQUITIES.
There arealxtnd.-uit evidences to [)rovc tli;it this Western country, and
in fact nearly the entirely continent of America was, at some remote
period of the world's history, thickly populated with a comparatively
enlightened race of people. The burial mounds along the rivers and
water courses, and on benches overlooking fertile valleys, that were
formerly the beds of lakes or rivers, are tilled with human bones and
strange relics of an extinct race. Some of these mounds present evi-
dences of great labor in their construction, and the same general fea-
tures that characterize them show that they were erected by one
nation of peoi)le ff>r one general purpose. Specimens of earthenware,
silver and coj'iper ornaments, ancient weapons, skeletons and bodies
in a partial state of preservation have been taken from them in large
numbers. Those ancient people were an entirely different race from
the Indians, and lived at such a remote period that not the slightest
tradition in reference to them has ever been found among even
the most intelligent aboriginal tribes. They were small in stature
and were evidently inclined to the pursuits of peace rather than of
war. They had large cities and a comparatively dense population,
by whom the arts and sciences were cultivated and the earth made to
bring forth its fruits for their subsistence. A large cemetery was dis-
covered at an early day on the ^Nleramec river, in St. Louis county,
from which many partially preserved skeletons were exhumed. They
had been buried in stone coffins, and, in some instances, the bones
were nearly entire. The length of the bodies were determined bv
that of the coffins, which averaged from three feet and a half to four
feet. In Tennessee two l)odies were found in a limestone cavern, and
neither of them exceeded four feet in height. The teeth were sepa-
rated by intervals, and were small, long, white, and sharp. The hair
seemed to have been sandy or inclined to yellow. Great pains had
been taken to preserve the bodies, and much labor had Iieen expended
in making the funeral robes in which they were folded. Two splendid
blankets, Avoven with the most beautiful feathers of the wild turkey.
arranged in regular stripes and compartments, encircled them. The
cloth on which these feathers were woven was a kind of linen of neat
43l! KISTORV OI" Il<)\^ AUU AND CJI AKITOX COUXTIES.
texture, SDiuctiiiir like that which is m.'uh' IVoin the tiKres of" the iicl-
tlo. One ol' these persons, a female, had evitleiitly died from the ef-
fects of a blow on the skull, as the marks of eoagulateil blood could
still he traceii where the blow fell, wlien the body was exhumed. The
skulls and faee bones of all tiie mound builders were of a peculiar
shape, somcwluit reseinliling tiie head of a sijuirrel or fox. ami very
small, the face and chin protruding, the forehead ntirrow and retreat-
iDg. There ^s■ere evidences to show that this pigmy race of peo[)le
lived contemporaneously with the mastodon, that immense antedilu-
vian animal which has been extinct for unnumbered centuries. The
pottery which had been taken from the mounds was unbaked, the glaz-
ing was incomplete and looked as though it had been moulded hy liand.
A drinking cup taken from a mound in St. Charles county, is thus
described by a gentleman who owned it: "It was a smooth, TvelL
moulded, and of the color of common gra\' stoneware. It had been
rounded wiih great care, and yet. t'rom slight indentations on the sur-
face, it was manifest it had been ^\•rought in the palm of the liand.
It would contain about two (juarts, and had lieen used to hold animal
oil, for it had soaked through and varnished the externa! surface. Its
neck was that of a squaw, known by the clubbing of the hair, after
the Indian fashion. There seemed to have been an attempt at wit in
the outlet. It was the horrible and distorted mouth of a savage, and
in drinking you would be obliged to place your lijis in contact with
those of madam, the squaw."
The curiosities here mentioned are but two or three among the
thousands which have been found in many parts of Missouri; indeed.
the State is rich in the relics of a pre-historic race, there being scarcely
a single county that has not produced one or more of these silent,
but unmistakal)le memorials of that strange j)eople. What became
of the mound-builders is a question that will probaldy never be set-
tled. That they were exterminated by a stronger and more wtir-like
race there is but little doubt ; but, then, who were their destroyers,
and what, in turn, became of them? They were certainly not our
modern Indituis or their progenitors, for in that case some tradition of
so great a conquest would have rem.ained among them. When we
contemplate this subject the mind runs far back into the misty realms
of imagination and is not satistied. It is an insoluble mystery which
eternity alone can unravel. One who studied the subject long and
earnestly, and assisted his studies by observation, says : " Here must
hivve been a race of men on these charming plains that had every call
HISTORY OF JIOWAKD AND CHAIUTON COUNTIES. 437
from the scenos that siurouncied thoin to contented existence and tran-
quil meditation. Unfortunate, as men view the thing, they must have
been. Innocent and peaceful they prohahly wore, for had they been
reared amidst wars and quarrels, like t!ie present Indians, they \vor.ld
d<)ul)tless have mainlaincd their ground, and their posterity reinairied
unto this day. Besidetiieni moulder the huge lioncs of their conteni-
porarv beast, which must have iieeu thrice the size of the ele-
phant. » ♦ *
"The unknown race to whicli these bones belong liad, I doubt not,
as many projects of ambition and hoped as sauguiueh' to have their
names survive, as tlie great of the present day."
Mr. Charles Yeatch. present (1S83) postmaster at Keytesvilie, has
a magniticent variety of antiquities, consisting of ?,000 relics, 1,(K)0
minerals, and 2,000 specimens of beetles. Mr. Veach has spent ten
or twelve years in the collection of these relics, and can now congrat-
ulate himself upon the fact that his years of patience and labor and
careful research have yielded him such an aljundant harvest. lie lias
had cabinets made e>[iecially for the presei'vation of these strange but
unique Indian and pre-historic memorials. Each class of minerals
and relies have been caretuUy and tastefully arranged in an infinite
variety of drawers, placed in tiers, varying in cajjacity and size. The
beetles are inclosed in glass cases and make a brilliant display. Among
the latter ma}' be seen the gorgeous winged butterfly, together with
the most intiiiitesimal insect that buzzes through the air or crawls
upon the earth.
Among these strange and fascin.-iting specimens we noticed a si)ade,
which was plowed up iu Keytesvilie township, and is thirteen inches
in length ; a stone mall from rio\vard county that weighs thirteen
pounds, one beautitully shaped axe of varigated granite, a number of
fleshers from Chariton and Howard counties, a pestle and bowl from
Chariton county, paint stones from mounds in Bee Branch township,
iron ore iuqjlements, tlints of all colors and sizes, scrapers, chisels
from Kentucky, points of arrows from the most delicate to the largest
size, drills, spear-heads, beads, amulets, sharpening, banner, and pc»l-
ishing stones, seven large stone pipes, models from the Sioux triiie
consisting of arrows, sewing awl, and medicine liag of the chief Brave
Bear, who was hung in Yankton iu 1882. We saw also the war club
of the Sioux Indians, and a scalping-knife with u case nuide of deer's
foot, also the pipe out of which Brave Bear smoked just before his
execution, and a bear's skull which was f(jund in a cave near the I'y-
30
438 HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHAIIITON COUNTIES.
reuees in France. This vast collecliou of .stones, which have hecii so
exquisitely wrought and tu.stetully designed, are silent, yet eloquent,
evidences of the intelligence and taste of these pre-historic designers.
There are mounds in Koytesville, Bowling Green, Briius\yick and
Triplett townships, in Chariton county, some of which have been ex-
plored to a slight extent.
CHAPTER yil.
BRUNSWICK T( ) W^' SH 1 P.
Boundary — Physical Features — Old Settlers — Brunswick — Its Early History — Mills
ami Manufactures — Banl<s aud Bankers — Kiireka Lodge, No. 73 — Chapter, No.
37 — Brunswick Lodge, No. 34, 1. 0.0. 1'. — Kuigbts of Houor — Jerusalem En-
campment— Report of Public Schools of Brunswick — County Seat Question —
German Settlements — War P.erainiscence of ISO 1 — Growth and Trade — Grand
Kiver — Additions to Brunswick — Clippings from t lie first issues of tUeUni/isu'icA-f)- —
Business Houses and Exports — Number of Steamboats — Destructive Fire —
Correspondence between the citizens of Brunswick and Colonel Thomas H.
Benton.
BOUNDARY.
This is one of tlie f:ouchcrn tier of towiishi[)s, and is bounduu on
the north by Mendon, Sail Creek and TrinlctL townsiiii^s, on tiic east
l)v Kevtesvilie and Dalton, on the south liy the Missouri river, and
on tlie west by Triplett township and (Irand river.
PIITSrCAL FEATUP.ES.
This township contains about seventy-two square miles, and has a
very irregular shape. Its water facilities are good — having- the
Missouri and Grand rivers on the southern part of its territory, while
iSalt, Brush, Lake and Palmer creeks water other portions of the
same. There is a diversity of prairie and timijer, bottom and npland.
The bottom land is of first quality in all places not too low or too
wet for cultivation ; the upland, much of it, is productive prairie.
The timbered portion of the upland consists of a line of rather steep
blufis, becoming less broken, as they recede from the river. About
one-third of the whole area is timber. Sandstone and limestone are
found in abundance. Coal is found in many places in the hills, and
has been worked a little. Several Indian inc)unds are found on the
bluif line.
OLD 8ETTLEKS.
Brunsv/ick township is one of the most im[iortant municipal divi-
sions of the county from the fact it contains the city of Brunswick,
(439)
440 iiiSTOuy OF hoavai:d and chakiton counties.
which has a greater population tliai) anv other town in the count_v.
Having in the early years ot" its scU lenient, not only a market in the
town of Brunswick, Init also an excellent shipping point (tjie city
being oiiginally located on the banks of the Missonri river), the
agricultural resources of the township were early developed, and
especially was this the case with tobacco, which was in ante-bellum
days perhaps the chief resource of wealth to the farmer. ilauy
hogs were also raised in this township, and were taken to Brunswick
and wei-e sold to [lork packers, v,ho shipped the meat by way of the
river to Eastern and Southern markets. The old settlers were geuei-allv
from Kentucky and Virginia, and occasional!}' one was found IVom
one of the Carolinas. Aiiiong the earliest settlers in this township
were Caton Usiior, from Kentucky : George Ashby, from Kentucky ;
Preston Gaines, from Kentucky ; flalcb Martin, from Kentucky ;
John llibler and sous, from Kentucky: John Ellison, IVoni Ken-
tucky ; Jesse Gray, from Kentucky; Jesse Ashby, from Kentucky :
and John AA'. D. Letti'cll, from Kentucky. All of the above setiic^l
in the township prior to 1840, and a few cume as early a? 182.">.
William Feuick, from Virginia; AVilliam Fleetwood, from North Caro-
lina ; and Clark Banning, from Tennessee, were also among the earl\'
settlers. Lisbon Ap[ilegate, Creed Chapma!i and his brother, and
John Allega and his boys may be counted amongst the pioneers.
The tirst mill erected in the towusliip was a band mill, and was put
up before the year 183U by Jesse Ashby, about three miles north of
the town of Brunswick.
, BRUNSWICK.
This town was laid out by James Keyte, in lSo(i, on the iK)rthwe-.t
quarter of section 11, township .''3, range 20, which was ,at that
time one mile below the mouth of Grand river. James Kevte was
also the founder of Keytesville, the county seat of Chariton count v,
for whom the town was named. Brunswick, when originally laid out,
was located in the bottom, on the iianks of the Missouri river, and
about four hundred yards south of the pi-esent site. The banks,
however, began to crumble and fail into the river, and in the course
of twenty years, the business houses and the few residences that were
then near the river were moved to the base of the bluffs. Mr. Kevte,
who was an Englishman, named the town after Brunswick (Tennis),
near Manchester, England.
The first house built in Brunswick, was a log house, erected by
HISTOIIY OK HOAVAIID AND CUARITON COU>riKS. 441
Janios Kcyte. wliich \v:is used as a store of jreiicral merchandise. Mr.
Kejte also erected a saw-mill alioiit the same time, which was un-
doubtedly the iirst mill ot the kini.l erected in tlie township. Among
the pioneer butiiness men, who located there soon after the town was
laid out, were Peter T. Abell, John Basey, Perkins and Conwell.
Abell, Perkins and Conwell had general stores, aud Basey opened the
tirst hotel. Abell also operated a hotel in connection with his store.
Capt. James Usher opened the first dram-shop in the town. E. B.
Clements was also [iroprietor of a dram-shop. The men above men-
lioned, with possibly two or three accessions, constituted the business
men of Brunswick, until about the year 1840. During this year, Doctor
M. C. Spencer, and a man by the name of Threldkill, kept hotels.
Wilson Elliott was the wagtm-maker in 1840. Moses Short and
Elhauen Short, were the tjrick-nsakers. Doctor Edwin Price, brother
of General Sterling Price, was one of the earliest and the most promi-
nent phy.sicians of Brunswick. He lived there until his death. Mrs.
A. E. Cross, the widow of Doctor Henry Cro-s,and a daughter of Doctor
Price, now resides in Brunswick. K. B. Price, a son of Doctor Edwin
l^rice, is a prominent bu.--iness man, and a banker of the city of Colum-
bia, Missouri.
Brunswick did not grow very rapidly from the time that it was laid
out, until 1840, as there were but twenty-five votes polled in the
town in the spring of th-at year, which iudlcateil a population of about
12') persons; this we state upon the authority of Judge John M.
Davis, who now ( 1882), resides in the town. The first postmaster
in the town was James Keyte, the founder, who held the position
until his deatii, which occurred in the fall of 1844. The pork-iiack-
ing interest of the town from 1838 to 1841 was qisite extensive.
Among those who bought and packed pork were Peter T. Abell, who
failed in business on account of it, in the spring of 1841 ; Pugh
Pri(;e, brother of General Sterling Price and Perkins and Gates, who
also failed in the spring of 1841.
Aiiiasa Silrey and Joseph Silrey will be remembered i)y tiie oldest
inhabitants as the men who operateci the cooper shop. Broady Bar-
rett, George Dupey, and R. G. Beazley were among the early buyers
and shippers of tobacco. Thomas E. Gilliam and A. Johnson, were
the first manufacturers of chewing tobacco in the town. Joseph Win-
ters and Joseph Caton were the first tailors. Nuthan Harrv was the
first saddler. Colonel Peter T. Alieli aud Colonel C. AV. Bell were
the first lawyers to practice in the town. The first churrli edifice was
442 HISTOKT OF HOSVAIID AND CIIAKITON COUNTIES.
built bv the Methodi.st Episcopnl Cliur('li South, tlie EijiscojKilians
and I'lesbyteriaiis erectins houses of woi'ship soon after. Tlie pioneer
school teaoher of the town was Judge John M. Davis, who opened
a school on the 19th of June, 1840, for a term of five months. The
school numbered about thirty pupils, among whom were, John, Ben,
Charles and yamuel Spencei', Sterling Trice, nephew to Geuer;il
Sterling Price and Beverley Price, 'William Turner, Elias, Samuel,
William and Asa Elliott, Isaac and Snnuie! Ilililcr, James, Edward
and John Keyte, William Penick, Ann E. Price, Eliza Basey, Mat
Spencer, Camilla and Beitie Price, Bettic Penick, and others. The
school building was a log house, and stood south of wliere Grand
river now runs.
MILLS AND MANUFACTURES.
There was no grist mill located in Brunswick, until after the war of
18H], when Patrick Smith erected a steam flouring mill and carding
machine.
liANKS AND liANKKKS.
The first bank that was opened in Brunswick was the Brunswick
Branch of the Merchants' Bank of St. Louis, about the year 1856.
This was controlled by a jiresident and board of directors. The
president was Adamjintine Johnson, the ca.shier was George W. Out-
calt, and the clerk of tlie bank, was William C. Applegate. It sus-
pended business during the civil war of ISGl.
The next bank was a private institution and opened in the fall of
1865, by W. H. Plunkctt. This was succeeded In' the Chariton
County Exchange Bank.
Statement of the Chariton County Exchange Bank, Bnniswick,
Missouri, June 30, 1883. S. Mauzey, president ; R. II. Hodge, vice-
president. Chartered, 1877:
Resources —
Cash and sight exchange, . , . . . $122,343 28
Government bonds, 7,000 00
Chariton county bonds 14,000 00
Loans and discounts, ...... 85,901 49
Banking house, 5,500 00
Furniture and fixtures, 2,000 00
$240,744 77
HISTOHY OF ilOWAIiD AND CHARITON COUNTIKt*. 44.'J
Lial)ilities —
Capital stock. • $ 25,000 00
Surplus fund, t;,25r. 00
Interest and ]irciniuiH. ...... 3,000 00
Deposits 206,494 77
V $240,744 7 7
Eureka Lodge No. 73, organized August 23, 1845. Charter mem-
bers: Kobert P. Price, James D. Price, Puciiard E. Holland, Peter T.
Abell, Thomas T. Elliott, John W. Price, John M. Fulton, Pichard
Woodson, Samuel Q. Anderson. Eureka Lodge was burned Febru-
ary 1, LSS2.
Present officers — S. E. Everly. W. P. ; L. Mernaugh, 8. W. : T.
S. Dines, J. W. ; W. 11. Plunkelt, treasurer ; 11. G. Beazly, secretary.
Old Chapter, organized September 10. 1^47, with the following
charter members: J. W. Smith. S. B. Kyle, T. P. Wilkerson, —
Hobson, N. A. Grublts, C. F. Buudurant, W. C. Ilill, A. Johnson,
Samuel Q. Anderson. Charter was surrendered in Ajiril, 1851, and
reorganized January 30, 186S.
Chapter No. 87 (New Chapter), organized January .'W, 18tiy. with
the following members: John Knappenbcrger, H. L. Gaincb, N. A.
Grubbs, John 'M. Davis, James D. Price. James T. Plunkett, John
H. Townsend, Wm. C. Applegate, Samuel E. Taylor, Wm. Roseu-
tein.
Present ofh'ccrs — J. S. Wallace. H. P. ; N. A. Grubbs, K. ; J. F.
Cunningham, S. : J. T. Plunkett, P. S. ; John Knap[)entiergcr, C. H. ;
John A. Miller, secretary; W. H. Plunkett, treasurer: Wm. Roseu-
tein, K. A. C. : L. :Mernaugh, iL 3d V. ; Lloyd Herring, ^L 2d V. ;
G. W. Rucker, M. Ist V. ; R. G. Beazly, G. "
Brunswick Lodge No. 34, L 0.0. F. Date of charter June 9, 184S.
Charter members — Thomas ^L Davis, Thomas G. Sullivan, C. L.
Willard, Sarshel Woods, E. D. Shackelford. Organized June 24,
1848.
Present officers — Edward Bowman, N. G. : Wm. A. Grith'n, V. G. ;
Jacob Corelson, secretary; AVillie H. Plunkett, treasurer.
Knights of Honor, Chariton Lodge, No. 2112. org:inized March 20,
1880, with the following charter members: E. P. McDonald, John
Keuchler, Louis Benecko, AVm. S. Land, Jos. U. B. Hedger, Otto
444 HI^TOItV Ol' HOWAliD AND CHAUITOX COUNTIES.
Anieihiii, (?eo. W. Young, ]l. D. Edwaitls, G. W . Edwards, Jacob
Snal, P. S. Price, Levi Likiiis and A. G. Kennedy.
Present offi-'ers — K. D. Edwards, P. D. ; James Walsli, D. ; Wni.
Foyer, V. D. ; Joseph Gross, A. D. ; Ed. Wehnieyer, Ge. ; Ed.
Rcugger, G. ; H. E. Schultz, B. ; Otto Amerlan, F. P. ; Louis Kink-
horst, T. ; Henry ^Vanger, Gn. ; J. J. Saal, S.
Jerusalem Encampment, Xcn 54, organized May '20, 1870. Tiie
names of the charter members we were unable to obtain.
Present, ofticers — S. Corl)y, C. P.: Jacob CoL-ton, H. P.; Ed.
Bowman, S. W. ; J. X. Mitchell. J. W. : C. W. Finch, treasurer;
W. A. Griffin, secretary.
EEt'ORT OF l-UBLIC SCHOOLS AT BRUNSWICK (1881).
Number of white persons between (J and 20 years of age :
Males ' . . ^ . 231
Females 24!)
Number of colored persons between same ages . . 109
Female \ . . Ill
Total 700
Total enrollment of white pn[)i]s. male and female . 212
Total enrollment colored pupils ..... 70
Total enrollment, white and colored . . . 282
Numl)er of pupils enrolled between 6 and 16 years of
age ......... 253
Number between Ki and 20 ..... 29
Average number of days' attcmlance by each pupil . 2S
Number of days schools were taught .... 40
Total numlier of days' attendance by all pupils . . 7,89G
Average number of pupils attending each day . . 204
Numl)er of teachers employed in the district during the
year ......... 7
Average salaries of teachers per month . . . $42 00
Highest salary paid teachers ..... 80 00
Lowest salary paid teachers ..... 25 00
Total salaries paid district officers, teachers iuid janitors
per month ........ 307 00
HISTORY OF HOWAKIl AND ClIAIilTON" COIM'IKS. 415
Number of school houses in the distiiel ... 2
Number of pupils that may be seatetl in the various
schools .........
Nuiuber of white schools ......
Numbei' of colored schools ......
Average cost per dav for tuition on enrollment
Average cost per day on average number belonging
Average cost per day on daily attendance
Value of school property in the district
Average I'ato per $100 levied for schoijl purposes iu the
district .........
Eate per cent levied fur building purposes .
Assessed value of property in the tlislrict
Amount ou hand at beginning of school A'ear (deficit) .
Amount received for tuition fees ....
Amount received from public funds (state, county and
township) and realized t'rom taxation
Amount paid for teachers' wages in the district duiing
the year .........
Amount paid for fuel in the district during the year
Amount paid for repairs or rent of school house* during
the year ......... i;i3 89
Amount paid for ap[)aratns and incidental expenses in
the district for the year ...... 331 25
Amount expended in defraying past indebtedness . 905 90
Balance in hands of treasurer at close of year . . 477 47
COUNTY SEAT QUCSTIOX.
The question of moving the county seat from Keytesville to IJiiins-
wick was more or less discussed by the people of the latter place from
1845 to the beginning of the late civil war. It was perhaps more
generally agitated from 1848 to 1554, but the matter was nevet left
to a test vote. The consequence was, as it always has been over -uch
questions, an unpleasant feeling sprang up between the two towns,
which exists to .some little extent even now.
GERMAN" SETTLEMENTS.
In the month of August, 1840, a colony of Germans came to Biams-
wiek, bsinir the second influx of that nationality to the countv. Their
475
5
2
055
022
075
1-2
.000
(X)
40
30
328
,000
00
143
40
104
59
4
.235
48
2
,173
75
107
75
446 HisTonv of howakd and chakiton counties.
iiniiies wore JuliU II. Miinson, Frod. Feakor, Cli:irle.s Fcakor, J. H.
Mortemyei', A. Be;iler, aii'l thoif t'ainilies, ami soltled up the bottom,
south i)f Brunswick.
Ill lS42-4o, another smaller colony .settled in Brunswick. Among
these were John Lahnien, Samuel Yost, Charles Sasse, Hen-
neger, Rudolph Zollah, John Tilmun, Tchipatt, and others.
The first German settlement ha.s already been mentioned in the
history of Chariton townslii[).
WAIi RE.MIMSCENCIO OF ISl'l.
Among the curious Jiiomenloes of tiie great civil war u'hieh have
been preser\-ed by accident or otherwise, by the people (if Brunswick,
is the following : —
" We, the undersigned citizens of Brunswick, pledge our sacred
honor to maintain and defend the stars and stripes, which now lioat
ou what is now known as the Douglas pole, anil to maintain the same
in its position, and that we will not suller any traitorous hand to lower
or disturb the same. If by accident, or otherwise, the same shall he
destroyed, to erect another in its stead. We further pledge ourselves
to protect and hold sacred the rights of both person and property of
all Union men in our midst, and further guarantee that their social
and political opinions shall be held inviolate. All the foregoing we
solemnly pleilge our IxMior to Lieutenant-Colonel Robert White sliall
be carried out in good faith.
July 7, 18C1.
A. Kennedy, Ma //or,
Fkedekick Sasse,
John D. Plunkett.
C'oiciicilmen.
P. R. Dolman, C/er/t."
GROWTH AND TRADE.
Brunswick grew more rapidly and prospered in a more substantial
and flattering manner between the years 1840 and 185G, or until the
building uud completion of the Hannibal and St. Joe railroad, which
passed east and west through Linn county, and about nineteen miles
north of Brunswick. The population of the town was perhaps as
rrreat in 1856 as it has been at any time since. Its trade was quite
HISTOKY OF HOWARD AND CllAIMTOX COUNTIES. 447
extensive, and a large area ot" territory contributed to the wealtii and
importance of its merchants, who were active and energetic business
men. Mucii business was drawn from the counties of Linn, Mercer,
Sullivan, Grundy, Livingston, ))art of Carroll, and even as far nortii
as the Iowa State line. The counties named generally did their ship-
ping at Brunswick, by way of the jNIissouri river, and received their
goods, when purchased at St. Lonis or P^astern cities, from the Bruns-
wick warehouses, where they were transiiorted by steamboats. A gi)od
ferry was operated on the Missouri river at that time south of Bruns-
wick, and quite a trade was enjoyed also from Sidine countv.
GRAND RIVEK.
It was thought at one time, that Grand river would add something
to the material prosperity of Brunswick, but the result proved to be
anything else than satisfactor}' to the parties interested.
It was thought by many river men and steamboat men, that Grand
river coukl be made a navigable stream and upon a representation of
these facts to tiie Missouri State Legislature, that body in the winter
of 1838, passed an act ap}iro])ri;iting money to ascertain the fact of
its navigaliility. A commission was appointed and reported that tlie
river was navigable as far as the town of Bedford. Several small
steamers were plucky enough to attempt the ascension of the stream
and actuallv ran up as high as Utica and Bedford. Among these,
was tlie gallant little craft Bedtbrd, which went up the river in the
spring of 1840 to Utica. After a few experimental trips had been
made, during high water, the continued navigation of the stream was
abandoned.
ADDITIONS TO BRUNSWICK.
Since Brunswick was laid out, there have been a number of addi-
tions ; the name and date of each will be found below : —
"Western Addition, laid out in March, 1847.
Northern Addition, laid out in January, 1847.
Woodson's Addition, laid out in January, 1847.
Brinker's Addition, laid out in January, 1858.
Keytc's Addition, laid out in January, 1859.
Haigler's Addition, laid out in January, 1858.
Price's Addition, laid out in January, 18fJ7.
Aill Addition, laid out in January, 1873.
448 HlsTOHV OF HOWAUU AND CHAIUTON COUNIIKS.
BUSINESS IIOUSICS AND TROFF.SSION'AL MEX.
3 jewelers, 2 uiuleltal^ers,
1 saw mill, 7 grocers,
4 hotels, 4 genonil stores,
5 s;ik>onb, 2 bukcfs unr] confectioners,
4 restiuirauts, 1 tinsmith,
5 meat markets, 1 lumber \aril,
•4 tobacco warehouses, 1 saloon and billiard room,
2 li\-ery stables, 1 photographer,
0 barbers, 3 saloons,
1 b.ir.k, 2 boot and shoe stores,
2 guiismitiis, 1 tailor,
2 druggists, 1 flour mill,
1 physician, 2 hardware stoi'es,
1 blacksmith, 2 iiewsptipers,
1 insurance agent, 9 lawyers,
2 shoemakers, 5 physicians,
2 furniture stores, 9 churches,
2 harness-makers, 2 newspapers.
1 sewing machine agent.
We take the following items from one of the tirst issues of the
Brunsmicker : — ■
PLLNKETT nous 10.
"The hotel recently occupied by John li. Price, has been thoroughly
renovated and lilled with n.ew beds, bedsteads, bedding, (•Ic. The
proprietor is fullv prepared to entertain m;in and beast with tlie best
the market can atl'ord. liates board : 25 cents per iTieal ; 7-t cents
per day ; $1.2.") per day for man and horse : Si.-'iO per week ; $.3.50
per week l)Oard and lodging; $7.00 [icr week man and horse.
W. II. Pi.UNKETT, Proprietoi-.
Deceml)er 1, 1847."
We take the following from the same paper: —
JIM FHILLII'S ! WllEllE ARfc YOU?
" Left the home of his lawful wife, for parts unknown, on the night
of the 15t-h of December, IS47, at Ih'unswick, Missouri, one James
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND ClIAniTON COUNT! K=
4-UI
Phillips, aliay Jim Pliillii>>, alias Black Jim, VLquandam doggery keeper,
cidevant lioi'se-racer ami tieky black-leg, taking with him tiic dauglilcr
of an honc-t old coiintniiian, who \va^ iiired in the i'amily, for \niy-
jiose.s at which virtue shiiiiks back ajipalied ! He ha,s let'l me and
seven children, v;hol!y di-jiendent n|ion the charity ot our friends I'or
subsistence. He is a man about thirly-tivc years of age, inclined to
corpuU'n<;y, about tive feet ten inches high, very dark hair, eyes and
skin, the latter so strikingly assimilating the shade Ethopian, as to
justify the taniiliar ."-'Oifir/y./e? of Black Jim. It is too often the case
with poor huma.uity, when alfectioii's liowers become withered, hoj)e's
vestal liame dimmed and all our fairy \*r?ioTis of bliss fade from us, we
.shroud ourselves in gloom and melancholy, and brood darklv over
disappointment, imt 1 thank my God that I have suflieient fortitude
to bear with misfortune, and sensibilities .sufliciently retined to ajipre-
ciate an accursed ini'juiti/. 1 therefoi'e pray the public press to give
Jim such noioriety by its scorpion lash as to niake liis couch ot f^in
the very hot-bed of iro. Betsy Piulivfs."
In 184S, Brunswick contained nine stores and three general rj^io-
ceiy stores.
KxrouTS OF BnuNSwiCK Fon 1849.
Wiieat, bu^diols
Lard, barrels
Pork, liarrels . .
Bacon, casks
Tobacco, Ijogslieads
Hemp, tons
Tob-acco, lioxcs
Flax seed, bush
Beeswax, pounds
Dry hides.
Deer skins, bales
Fui's, b.eles .
Beans, barrels
^^'(H)1, sacks
Mustard see 1, sacks
\uniber of hogs killed
Numbc!' of beef cattle
41
,oSo
],0'.'i;
l,2o3
2.010
294
475
l.:>it>
50.4 211
3,171
2i;4
221
t;t;
.'i7
15
8.334
302
450 IIISTOKY OF HOWARD AND CHAlilTOX COUXTIES.
Tlic first steaml)Oiit th:it passed ii[) the river in 1840, was the Julia,
oil the r)th of March. The last one down was the Amelia, on the
lltli ot" December. The whole niimhei- of steamboat arrivals and
departures tor the _year w.-is 5o4. Of this number the packet Rowena,
Captain Jewett, made forty-four ; the next best were the St. Joseph
and Highland Mary* each thirty-four. Fifty-five diflereut boats wore
at the Brunswick landing.
UESTKUCTIVE FIRK.
This lire occurred on the morning of Ajiril 10th, 18,")0, before day.
Those sutTering from this fire, were H. G. Brent & Co., R. H. Dickey
& Co., S. &H. Weil, B. N. Jones & Co., Hathaway & Anderson, A.
L. Kerr & Co. and J. B. Hodge.
Believing that the t'oUowing correspondence between Colonel
Thomas H. Benton and a number of the old citizens of Brunsv.'ick
will be read with interest, we here reproduce it.
" Brlxswick, Mo., May 3, 1S53.
Honorable TJirnnas II. Benton —
Dear Sir: We, a portion of your fellow citizens of this vicinity,
without political distinction, learning that you are on A'our way to
Kansas (^itv to open the question of the Central Pacific Railway, would
most respectfully ask vou to designate a day when we may have the
pleasure of hearing yon speak in Brunswick. Very truly, etc.,
Charles Derriekson, J. M. Venable,
W. H. Bed do w, John H. Blue,
Joseph Cotes, A. Hathaway,
John Brodie Barrett, Thonuis S. Anderson,
A. D. Day, W. C. Moberly,
B. N. Jones, John AUega,
Charles AVest, John G. Fetzcr,
Dr. A. C. Johnson, A. Sportsman,
J.W.Gilliam, T.E.Gilliam,
Levi Benjamin, B. D. Spencer,
John Ballantiue, R. G. Beazley,
A. Winter, James L. Pearson,
W. Woolfolk, C. E. Woolfolk,
A. L. Kerr, E. G. St. Clair.
)IlSTOi;V OF HOWAUI) AND CHAUITOX COUXTIKS. 451
Genllemen — Your very acceptable invit:Uii)n has been received, aiid
will be complied with, i>ut not at tlii> time. A long absence from
home leaves me no time to turn lo the right or left, or stop a day in
this voyage to the West, undertaken solely to see a small pioneer
party set out to explore the route to the Pacific, ^vhich is recommended
by Fremont and Leroiix, and whicli the map sh/ws to be the shortest
and most direct and most central between the United States and the
Pacific Ocean. Your invitation comes, as such a one should do, from
the citizens generally ( from the body of the community), without
regard to political uistinctiuii. Iliippily we have a subject to occupy
us which i« inilejieiulfnt of p:irty, and in ^vhich all citizens may imite
heart and hand and woi-k together cordially and zealously to jjrodnce
a grand consummation which is to redound to the i)enetit ofeverj- ]>art
of the community, and to every section of our country, and to the
whole Union, and even Europe and Asia, and to the latest posterity.
It is now thirty-five years since 1 liave been al work upon this subjrct,
that of commercial communication between the Mississippi — the
mode of communication varied only to suit tlie progress of events,
but the object always the same. I Ijegan witli water communicalions
oil the line of the Missouri and Columbia rivers, when we owned noth-
ing but Oregon beyond the Kooky Mountains, and the steam-car un-
known. Now, when California is acquired, the steam-cars already
run over more miles in the United States (all ma.de by St.ates or indi-
viduals) than would make six diiferent roads to the Pacific Ocean
from our frontier. I change the mode and the line, and go for the
car and San Francisi'o, and that upon the route closest to the parallel
of thirty-nine degrees, which the nature of the ground will admit of.
I caught the idea from Mr. Jefferscm, who, in his message to Congress
proposing the expedition of Lewis and Clark, presented the commer-
cial communication as the leading oliject, and the one that gave Con-
gress constitutional jurisdiction of the case, and the extensimi of
geographical science as the incident to the pursuit of that main ob-
ject. That was before we acquired Oregon or set u[) anv claim to
territory on the Pacific Ocean ; now we have both Oregon and Cali-
fornia, and besides the commercial ol>ject have another in the dutv of
communicating with the citizens in these distant possessions, and
stretching a liL'ament of union from the Atlantic to the Pacific.
■iD-2 lIlSrOKY OF HOWAKI) AM) rTIAUITOX COUNTIES.
" Wlieii I first wrote upon this project it was a subject of ridicnilt,
with II great many ; but that had uo ellVct upon lue. It is my pre-
rogative to disregard unworthy opposition, and to vanquish it. I
have continued steadily at my w(n'k tor al)out tlilrty years, and now
see success in view. ]>ut I liad something more than ridicule lo
encounter, and that was the unwise action of the Federal Go\ern-
mcnt. In I^'^IS it nia'le a treaty of joint occui>ation of the Colum-
bia with the British for ten years. I v.-as not then in the Senate, but
denounced. that treaty as unjust and injurious, as it would postpone
our settlement lV)r ten years and give the British a foothold whicli
mi^fht require a ' vigorous ctl'ort of policy or of arms to remove.'
In 1828 that treatv of joint occupation was indetinitely renewed.
I opposed it to tiie uttermost in tiie Senate, but in vain. The admin-
istration and the enemies to the gro\vth of the A^'est were too strcnig
for me. lu 184(', untiertlic administration of Mr. Polk, this unfor-
tunate treaty was alnngated after it had nearly produced war between
Great Britain and the United States ; and I iiad the satisfaction to
give it the last lick in that year, as I had given it the first in IS] 8 —
twentv-eight years before.
" In the vear Isi^i I l.iegan another work in Congress whicli was
deemed chimerical — that of a road to Santa Fe. Solitary and alor.e
I bean to work upon that road, and accomplished it, having obtained
■an appropriation of $30,000 for nnu'king it out, treating with the
Indians for safe passage through their country, and conciliating the
wood will of the New Mexican autliorities in Santa Fe. Persever-
o
ance and a good cause crowned my etibrts with success, and I have
never doubted of eventual success; and the [leriod seems now to iie
approaching for the grand consummation. The public mind seems to
be eftcctuallv roused up to it, and that all over our Union and in
Europe also. The British Minister (Lord John Kussell) told onr
late mini^ter, ^Ir. Abbott Lawrence (as Mr. Lawrence told me), that
this euter[)rise, it accomplished, would have a greater intlnence upon
human affairs than any event since the discovery of the New World
by Columbus- — in whicli opinion Mr. Lawrence concurred, and told
me it would be one of his cherished objects for the remainder of his
life.
" Haviu"- lately spoken fully on this subject at Kansas City, West-
port and Independence, a report of which you will see in the news-
papers, I say uo more until we meet.
" Yours truly,
"Thomas H. Benton."
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CIIAIilTON COUNTIf:S.
4,-) 3
We have given you the iihove letter in full becjuise it, was written
1)V one of the ablest and most distinguished men, not only of Ivlis-
souri, but of the United Stutes in iiis day; aiid!)ecause it was written
to citizens of Brunswick, tiie names of wliom arc all well remem-
bered bv the old settlers of the town. The letter shows that its
author was a man of great v/isdom and furesiglit, and that he had
earlv conceived the idea of not onh' establishing conimercial inter-
course between the Mississippi river and the Pacific coast, but that he
had, with unabated zeal, advocated the measure for thirty years.
31
CIIAPTEK VIII.
SALISBl'in- T0W>;8HIP.
Boundary — Physical Features — Early Settlers — Wiuter of 1830-3i — Incidents —
Kindness of Old Settlers — First School — Tornado of 1S30 — Kecollections of a
Pioneer Woman — Salisbury — Its History — Business Houses — Fires of 1ST7 and
1882 — Tornado of lS7i' — Secret Orders — Town Incorporated — First and present;
City Oflicers — Public School — Crimes and Casualties.
BOUNTjAltV.
Siilisbury is tlie largest miinicip;il division of the county, aiul cou-
tiiins about ninety-two square miles.
It is bouiuled on the north l)y Jveytesville and Wayland tvtwnjhips ;
on the east by Randolph county ; cju the south by Howard count}' and
Cliaritou township ; and on the west b}' Keytesville township.
PHYSIC.\I, FEATUEES.
Amoufr the water courses of this townsliip, are Silver creek, Bee
branch. Shannon branch. Puzzle creek. East and IVliddle I'orks of
Chariton river. The township comprises al>out two-thirds prairie and
one-third timber, the timber being in greater abundance tlian it \\as
tifty years ago. 'The soil is admirably adapted to agricultural pur-
poses, the township being accounted one of the best and most pro-
ductive in the county.
OLD SETTLERS.
Among the early settlers of Salisbury township, was Captain -lames
Heryford, ^vho was a native of Virginia, but came from Tennessee to
Chariton county in ISIT. Mr. Il.-ryford erected the tirst horse mill,
the first cotton gin, and the tirst distilleiy, that were built in the
county. These were located in section IS, on the bank of Puzzle
creek. The horse mill was put up in 1S22 ; in \6oi, this mill was
(4;.4)
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITON" COUNTIKS. 455
converted into a cotton gm, and in 1830, it was acain clian,2;ed into
what was tlien called, a duublc-goared, cog-wheel mill. The distillery
wos located rt'iout forty steps below the mill and was erected in 1824.
A great many farmers raised their " patch " of cotton and grew it
successfully until the winter of 1830, since which time, but little cot-
ton has been raised in the county.
WINTER OF 1830-31.
That 3'ear — the winter of 1830-31 — will be remembered by the
old settlers, as the year when there fell the deepest snow that the
people living here had ever seen — and in fact, nothing has been seen
like it since. It began to snow on the 25th day of December, 1830,
and continued to fall until it averaged three and a half feet in depth
on level ground. This snow remained on the ground until the 15th
day of March following. It was especially severe on wild animals,
quails and wild turkeys. Hundreds of deer were killed, and mauv of
thom died for want of fo<id. Turkeys and quails met a similar fate.
Captain Wm. Ileryford, son of Captain James Iloryford, relates the
followingincidents which occurred wliile the snow was on the around : —
About three hundred yards from his father's house, amono- some
sumac bushes, a sow had nnide u bed, where she renuiined duriui;- the
storm, with her pigs. The snow being so deep, the old gentleman
could not very well reach the spot until he had dragged a large lo"-
through the snow, with his ox team, to the place and back. This
made a path about the width of the log. A few daj-s after the snow-
had fallen, Captain Wra. Heryford, who was then a small hov of
twelve years, went to feed the sow and pigs as usual, when he saw a
deer upon the very spot attempting to eat the sumac berries which
were hanging from the bushes over the bed. The deer got into the
path, and followed it on to the house in its eftbrts to get away, and
was driven into the barn where it was caught and kept for some weeks.
Captain Heryford says, during the snow, a Hock of quails was fed
by him regularly, every d;iy under his father's mill-shed. This flock
became quite tame and he supposes that it was the only one that did
not perish, or was not killed in the county, during the snow, as he
heard of no other after the snow had thawed uwav.
Another old settler relates the following: —
" During the winter of 1830-31 there was a snow fall al>out three
feet dee[>. I was in .Tetfersou City until the last of February, and
45G HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITON' COUNTIKS.
when 1 returned to Chariton county, where I then resided, I found
that the snow had destrf)jed nearly all the iiojrs in the country. In
many places tlie snow had drifted to the depth of forty feet. l~)urinf;
the fall of the snow a heavy wind blew from the northwest, and all
the snow drifted from the open prairies, leaving the ground almost
bare. The snow lodged in the hollows on the southeast of all those
high open jdains, and souie hollows that 1 knew to be from thirtv to
forty feet deep had the appeai-anee of level plains. In some steep,
abrupt hollows, I saw snow as late as the lirst of June, not yet melted ;
and from all appearances the snow had not been less than fortv feet
deep.
" During the melting of the snow, which was very gradual thi-ongh
the month of March and a portion of April, I went out with William
Martin, who was my partner in raising hogs, on Yellow creek, in
Chariton county, and, to our astonishment, wc found the timbered
bottoms strewn v,-ith the skeletons of dead stock and fowls. I dis-
tinctly remendjer one lot of t\\'enty -eight two-year-old hogs, wliich
we had, that were very fat in the fall. After a diligent search we
found three living skeletons — all that was left alive of them. So
poor were they that a coui)le of Indians descrii)ed them as having no
width at all and as crooketl as a bow — sliowing with their lingers
bent that they meant humpbacked.
" The skeletons of turkeys (tliat is, their leg and wing bones) lay all
over the !>ottom so plentiful that I supposed the last turkey M-as dead ;
but while we were hunting our hogs we saw three live turkeys, while
I have no doubt we came across the l>ones of tive hundred dead ones.
We also Ibund many dead deer, and, from the signs, I concluded that
they had been killed by the wolves, which were very plentiful and
were the only animals in the woods that were fat after the melting ot
that snow.
" I remember running my horse after a wolf that winter, and, when
just about to overtake him, not noticing, I ran ri^ht into a snow-drift
in the head of a hollow, thirty feet deep, to all a[)pearances. I had
my rifle on my shoulder, and my horse plunged into the drift thirty
or forty yards before I could stop. I got off the horse and beat the
snow down as well as I could in my back track, being entirely under
the snow for many minutes. When I got my head out, so that I
could see, I saw the wolf swimming through the drift which was
about two hundred yards wide. I brushed the snow from the barrel
of my gun and tired at the wolf's head, as that was tlie only part of
histoi;y of howauu and chakiton couNriP:s. 457
him that ^\■:ls visible, l)Ut uiissetl him. The snow heing light, the
wolf h:id sunk in it so f:ir that (Jiilv his head :uid neck could bo seen
above the surface. This jjut a stoj) to the race.
"During the time the snow was on the ground 1 travelled from Jef-
ferson City to my home in Cliariton county. I came as far as Booiiville
in company with Lilburii W. Boggs, Smallwood Y. Nolen and others.
1 rode a common sized mule and went behind in all places where the
snow was drifted. I shall never forget how the snow would part ou
each side vi' the mules jaws ; it could just keep its nose out of the
snow bv raising its head as high as it could. I had to stand up in my
stirrups at all the drifts to keep the snow out my face. Now, this is
so, antl if I had my witnesses I could prove it by gentlemen ' semldy
setters,' as the old negro called them in Jefferson City, and by
Governor h. W. Boggs, who was in the party.
"After passing Boonville I swapped my mule for a horse, and then
made my wa}- home very well, as the road lay tiirough a timbered
country, where the snow, although deep, was not drifted."
Moses Kitchen was born in Caswell county. North Carolina, ami
came to Chariton county in 1829, and located in what was then known
as Buffalo Lick township, near the Randolph county line. The first
apple orchard planted in the township was set out by Moses Kitchen.
The trees, tssenty in number, were purchased in Howard county, ami
were known as the " Aruett " a[<ple trees. ]Mr. Kitchen brought
with him from North Carolina, his tobacco seeds, called " Beat the
Beater," and the following summer he set (uit 8,000 hills, from which
lie raised 3,30:^ pounds of tobacco. This was considered a large crop,
and commanded a price of four dollars per hundred pounds. During
the winter of 1829, Mr. Kitchen spent Christmas week in hunting
bee-trees and killing deer. He killed eleven deer and found seven
bee-trees. That Christmas week was so warm that the farmers did
their work without their coats. During the winter of 1830-31,
while the deep snow was on the ground, the present Thomas S.
Kitchen, son of Moses, shot and killed a wild turkey in his horse-lot.
It was a very large gobbler, and had a beard that measured nine
inches in length. He noticed that the turkey's bill or mouth was
fastened by a large ice-ball, which had probably lieen accumulating
there for two or three weeks. Although tlie turkey could not eat, it
was pecking away at the corn-cobs in the lot, when he shot it. He
was greatly disappointed to find that the turkey was so poor that it
could not be eaten, and had to be thrown away. Thomas S. Kitchen
458 HISTORY OF UOWAIM) AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
Ciuigbt u cat-ti-ih in the East fork of the Ciinritou river, in 1S30, th;it
weighed 120 ponnds. Minks were so numerous on the banks of the
same stream tliit Kitciien succeeded in tr;ip})ing sixty-four one win-
ter, within a distance of two miles u[) and down the l)anks.
KINDNESS OF OLD SETTLERS.
Mr. Kitchen relates the following: In 1S35, a man named Alexan-
der Daman lost his cabin and all his houseliold goods by tire. Daman
lived in the edge of Randolph county. Tiio neighbors, Mr. Kitchen
being one of them, heard of the misfortune, and all got together,
ou a certain dav, inunediately after the (jcenrrenee, and jiroceeded
to the place in a bodv. They cut logs, erected and finished a
larger and better house than tlie one that was destroyed by tire,
and had it ready for occupancy tiiat evening. But this was not
all. Each man took with him what he could spare from the
wants of his own family, sucli as a ham, a piece of bacon, a
blanket, a quilt, cujjs and saucers, knives and tbrks, plate^, and, in
fact, prepared him for keeping house in a more comfortable manner
than he was before llie fire. Sucli were tlie old settlers, and such
were some of tlieir true-hearted deeds — deeds the record of which
should be preserved and handed down to the latest generation. James
Taylor came from Kentucky in 1824. Achilles Finnell came from the
same State in 1822. Charles Herryman came from Tennessee in 1823
'and became a Santa Fe trader some years afterwards. William Rich-
ardson and his sons were Xortli Carolinians. Andrew King emigrated
from Kentucky in 1822. James McHargue was from North Carolina,
and came in 1827. ilrs. ]\Iary Profit came from Kentucky' and was
an early settler. James M. Harelson came among the pioneers, and
had the honor of erecting the first frame dwelling-house that was put
up in the township. The first v.lietit was raised l)y Achilles Finnell,
in 1834, and called the "Golden ChuH'."" McHargue was the first .
postmaster in the township, taking charge of an office at his home as
early as 1838.
William Titus, who came from ICentncky, erected the first mill in
the township, in 1831, on section 28. It was a l)anil mill.
James Ryan settled in the townshi[) in the fall of 1817. and died be-
fore the war of 1861. His children arc still living, but are scattered.
Samuel Dinsmore located in the forks of the Chariton rivers in 1820.
His wife, Rebecca, is still living, and took the premium at the last fair
HISTOltY OF HOWAKD ANP CHAIilTON COINTIKS. 459
ill Cliariton cnunly for being the oldest lady settler in the county.
George Wolfskales, t';itlier-ia-l:i\v of Ry;ui :ind Diusinore above named,
opened :i tarni in the edge of Chariton and Howard counties. He
died before the war of 1S61. Among other old settlers were Peterson
Parks, Robert Hays, Samuel C. and Jonathan T. Burch, Joseph Hol-
sea, Wm. McColliini, David Gentry, Stokeh' Bunch, Elijah Boone,
John Watson, the two Martins, Brurnmett, John Tillotson, Kichard
Tillotson, Thomas Henderson. Win. Lee, Samuel S. Ellington, John
P. MeAdams, Samuel and Thonuis Williams, Martin Hurt, Stephen
Phelps, Samuel, Joseph and Gideon Goocli, Harrison Dennis, and
James Winn.
Fn:ST SCHOOL.
One among the (irst schools in the township was taught by Captain
Abner Finuell, about the year 1826. The building was located on the
southeast quarter of section 19. Finuell had been one of the early
militia captains, and was killed in the late war. Eliza and Rebecca
Hays, Ethelred Parks, P. B. Parks, William, Daniel and John Y.
Heryford, wei'e among the puijils who attended this pioneer school.
TORNADO OF 1830.
About the 10th of September, 1S30, Chariton county v/as visited bv
a tornado, which swept through a portion of Salisbury township. Had
the township been as thickly settled as it is now (1883), there would
have been great destruction of life and property. The wind came
from the southwest, and blew towards the northeast, levelling houses,
trees, and everything in its path, and destroying a few lives. The
storm was accompanied by lightning, hail and rain, the hailstones
averaging as large as hen's eggs. Thomas S. Kitchen informed the
writer that after the storm had passed he picked up a hailstone in his
father's yard that was too large to be put into a pint cup.
Mrs. Elijah Parker, who resided in ]Mr. Kitchen's neighborhood,
had an arm broken hy the storm, and her house blown down. A
small flock of geese ^vere in the yard at the time, and were never
heard of afterwards. .
RECOLLECTION'S OF PIO.VEEK WOMEN.
Martha Williams, the wife of Samuel Williams, deceased, was born
March 1, 1811, iu Jessamine county, Kentucky, and is the daughter ot
460 HISTORY OF HOMAKI> AND CIIAKITON COUNTIES.
Nitlluuiitl mid X:iucy IMorri^, her luotliei's niiiiden name beiiiir Wil-
liams. She came to Chariton county, in 1837, with her husband and
family, and located in what is now known as Salisbury township, be-
tween the East and Middle forks of the Chariton river.
Among her ueigbbors, those who were already living iii-that section
of country when she came, weie Isaac Runnymire, James Drinkard,
Isaac Cupp, John JIanstield, John Winn, the Scribners, David McCol-
lum, Elias Gentry, Elijah Emery, and Daniel Joluis.
The first schofil teacher to follow his calling in her neighborhood
was John P. JIcAdams, who emigrated to the county from Virginia.
The first term of his school was attended by George W. and Nancy
J. Williams, ilezekiah, David and Columl)us Philpott, John and Susan
EUinglon, James Bi-umuial and others.
The pioneer church was Mount Nebo, built by the Baptists, and
located almut three miles west of the present town of Salisbury. The
minister who otilciated at this church at the period mentioned, 1840,
was Polder Felix Kedding, who labored long and faithfully in the cause
of Lis Divine Master. Doctor James Brummtd was the first physician
to locate in the iiciLrhliorhood. He was a great walker, and alwa3's
travelled on foot to see his patients when they did not reside too far
from his home. The doctor was wantonly and brutally murdered
during the war of l.'>(il.
Mrs. Williams says there was much true-hearted hospitality among
her neighbors, and tliat her jjioneer days, although spent in a wild
country, where she was deprived of many of the comforts and luxu-
ries with which the people f>f to-day are surrounded, were her hap-
piest days, and that she, even now, in the quietude of her home, often
lingers in thought, longingly and lovingly over the scenes and incitlents
of those early years.
She remembers one David Gross, who was the only Hddler in all that
immediate section of country. David was quite an origiual genius,
and alw'ays carried warmth and sun.^hine wherever he went. He was
apprecitited also for his bon/tomie, and was intensely fond of and well
versed in all the rural games and enjoyments which were i)artici[)ated
in by the people of that time.
He was —
"In wrestling nirable.in running swift,
In shooting steady, in .swimming strong;
Well made to strilje, to leap, to throw, to lift,
And all the sports that shepherds are among."
HI.STOUY OF HOWAliD AND CHAKITON COL'NTIES. H'>1
His tiddle was his inseparable 0(>m[)unioii, ami when spending an
eveiiiiitr with his friends, he possessed the happy faculty of discours-
ing to them the most delightful music, always accompanying his
instrument with an unique and improvised song, which was replete
with wise and startling hits and felicitous inuendocs, touching the vnl-
ncrahility of some one or more of his entranced and rustic auditors.
David was especialh' happy vv'hen playing for a dance. Upon .'^ucii
occasions t!ic scintilli'.tions of his wit, were rcsplendently huninnus,
and even the instrument itself seemed to he inspired with new life,
and gave back its most thrilling notes to the amorous touch of this
rustic musician. Never did Troubadour sweep the strings of his harp
with half as much jiride and self-assurance as did David, when he
sounded the notes of his violin at a country dance, lie played many
pieces to the delight of the dancers, but none permeated their very
souls, like that old familiar tune, called in yeoman parlance,
" Chicken Pie." So irresistibly happyfying in its effects was this
tune, that even old age forgot its wonted infii-mities, and was often
found threading the mazes of the dance. The words of this remark-
able song were very suggestive, the tirst two lines of which ran as
follows : —
Chicken-pie and pepper, oh!
Are good for the ladies, oh!
While " Chicken Pie " was universally liked as a favorite dish, and
as a favorite dance song, there was anotiier song that always enlivened
the dancers, as they listened to its inspiring measures. This was
" Bnftalo Gals," and seemed to be played especially on moonlight
nights when the weather would permit of a dance under the bewitching
beams of a silver moon.
Mrs. Williams has often counted while standing in her cabin, fifteen
and twenty deer, some of them being at times, within gunshot, and
at night the wolves would come to the open door, their ver}' i!yes faiily
glistening in the darkness without, as they turned their hungry, wolHsh
faces towards the ruddy blaze upon the rude and simple hearth.
SALISBURY
was laid out April 1, 1867, on the west half of sectiou 2, northeast
quarter and south half of sectiou 3, township 53, range 17, on the
Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Raili'oad by L. Salisbury (after whom
the town takes its name), George W. Williams and O. W. Lusher.
462 HISTORY OK HO\VAF:!i and CllAUlTO.V COLNTIKS.
There i-i nn town in this section ot" country th:it is move handsomely
located tlnui ■Salisbury, :nid none sui'rounded with a mure beautiful
and productive country, 'i'lie town stands ujion an elevated prairie
or dividing ridge, iVorn which may be seen rich I'arming lands, stretch-
ing tar away in gentle undulations in all directions, constituting the
most siijierl) agricultural region to be I'ound almost anyvrht-re iii the
great west. U'o tiie west and southwest, at the di-<tancc of four miles,
can be seen the dark outline of timber which stands u[>on t!ie banks
and the wide bottoms of tlie (-irand Charilon ; while to the east -and
southeast, at the distance of two miles, How.-^ the East furk of the
same river. Wherever the eye may turn, it is delighted wilh the
beauties of a ])rairie landscape, dotted with farm house.'r, cidti\aletl
fields and bearing oreliards, the whole presenting a scene of pastnral
loveliness which is seldom seen in an^' country.
The original iiroprietor of the town, site was one, Prior Bibo, who
was a soldier iu the war of 1812. He drew 320 acres on the scMith
side of the railroad, where Salisiairy i;ow stands. Bibo sold to John
Bull, Bull sold to James Bennett, and Bicunett sold to Judge Lui'ius
SalisburN' in ]85t!, receiving $100 in gold for the two quarters.
Judge Salisbur}' moved on to the land in 18."i8, and erected a box-
liouse, in which he liveil temporarily, until he completed the erection
of a frame bjiildim;', containing two rooms. This house was located
on the "West :side of Broadway — on what is known as the Salisbuiy
Square.
The first business of any character was begun by Jolm Culver, who
built a blacksmith shop on the southwest corner of Broadway
and Second streets, where he worked — his shop being the second
house erected in the town. The tif>t i)usiness house — general store —
was opened by John II. Thomas. Judge Salisbury was also amoug
the pioneer bu.siness men, he oiJerating the next general store.
The post-ofllce was established several years before tiic town was
laid o\it, aiid was kept at Judge Sallsijury's iiouse in 18(j3, by John
Hutchison. Saliibuiy kept ii house of eutertalnaient called " Stoji-a-
AVhile," where ti'avellers and the stage coach s^oitjicd. The tirst
church edifice was built by the Cundierlaud Presbyterians. The tirst
phy.-iciau was J. W. Campbell . W . S. Stockwell was the pioneer
lawyer. Tht?., tirst sermon (funeral sermon), was preached by IJev.
Wm. Penn, of the M. E. Church, South. Tlie occasion was the
dcalli of L. W. Salisbury, son (A' Judge Salisbury. P. C. Vincent
opened the first livery stable ; John H. Wills kept the fir.>t saloon ; J.
HiSTonv OF }I()^^Al;l> am> chauiiox countiks. 46;)
C. Inpi-amt the Hrst dniLT store: Mrs. L. G. Mo()ro,tlie first iiiillinery
cstahlishnieiit. ;uul Mrs. M. A. Eoljinson. tlsc lirst hotel atU-r the lay-
ins out of the town.
Tlio town AHis visited by u tire June 11th, 1877, when niup
iiouses (frame) were destroyeti.
SKCONl) I'lRE.
On June SSth, ]88l\ Salishury ^ntl'erecl from the ravages of another
destructive fire, as will be seen fi'om the folK)\ving whieh we tal^e from
the Press- Spectator: —
•' It was midniglit's solemn liour, and our little city lay wrapt in
profound sluml.icr. The gentle breeze loyecl ^vith. the iaugliing leaves,
making mellow cadenee to wno the god of sleep. But list I A Imrrid
crv rings out on the still nigiit air, faintly at first, but anon clear and
more distinct, till the arms of Morpheus loosencl their gra~p and the
bewildered sleeper sprang from his couch, a< he heard now too plainly
to be mistaken, tlie cry of ' Fire,' — -a cry once heard never to be for-
gotten. Tlie shout is taken up and rapidly passed from mouth to
rnoutli till the whole city is aroused. Bells ring, guns tire, wldstles
scream, and pandemonium seems to reign. All this time ]irecious
moments are passing, and a red glare piercing the blackness of night
shows }Dlainly the location of the fire. Men may now be seen running
from all directions towards the point of attraction, where the fiery
liend is detiantly devouring e^ervthing in its \vaA'. The first gleam
told the fearful doom (jverhanging the west side of Broadv/ay. Tlie
l)uildinL's must go. but their contents can be saved. Willing hamls
seize upon e\'ervthing movable, and. in an incredibly short time the
street is strewn with a conglomerate mass of njerchandise — the work
goes on — men work as men never worked before. Then comes n cry
for water. The flames must be stayed. 'Slew and women vied with
each other in trying to com.bat with the demon, nor was there any
dinmnition of etl'ort till the flames were stayed. The (U'igin of the tire
is unknown, but is supposed to be the work of an incendiary, or t!u>
result of some careless smoker.
" The lirst man to discover tlie tire, so far as is known, was Doctor
^Vilson, who had lieen attending a patient in tlie country, and was re-
turning to town about one o'chxdv in the morning, when he noticed a
blax.e in the rear end of Blakey s giocery store, :ind immediately gave
the a.larni. L'.y almost superhuman ellbrt the Dickson House was
INS.
LOSS.
$2,000
$.^,000
500
500
1,200
800
1,500
3,000
1,200
4b'4 lIlSTOPiY OF JIOWAHD AM) CH.VRITON' COUNTIES.
saved, but ill ii diiiuuged condition. The massive wall of Coleman's
brick withstood the tlanies and checked them in that direction.
Thourrh .somewhat damaged, tlie wall is considered sale, and will not
be taken down. Fortunately the cisterns and wells were nearly lull
of water, ajid furnished a bountiful supply. Tlic only one to fiil in
the time of need was tiie public well on the corner, and in a short
time it tilled up airaiii, and is now all light. Below will be found a
conijilele list of tlie losses, with the insurance tiioreon : —
W. II. Tindail. in Springfield Company
Wm. Thomas, no insurance ....
Clarkson & Straub, Continental
M. L. Hurt, no insurance ....
J. W. Redd, in North American and German
Aineri<'an ......
Y. C. Blukcy, no insurance ....
Clark & Tavlor, insurance in Continental,
North American, Watertown, American
Central
D. C. Hilton, in Hartford ....
VanDeventer i.'i- Banning, insured in Watertown
anil Western ......
W. S. Stockwell. Continental ....
Mrs. Willis' hotel, damage estimated, $100
" L. Dickson's furniture was damaged by removal and water to con-
siderable extent, but what insurance he had, if any, we did not
ascertain.
" The several stocks of Geo. N. Bnrrus, J. F. Welch & Co., L'Hom-
medieu & Kistner, C. il. Rumsey, and Clark & Robinson, were more
or less damaged bj- removal, most of which was fully covered l)y in-
surance.
".I. B. ILIlington was one of the heaviest sufferers by the tire, his
loss amounting to about twcj thousand dollars, on which there was no
insurance. He lost his entire library and many valuable papers, in-
cluding notes, etc.
" Dr. Banning lost his medical library, over Clark & Taylor's store,
and had no insurance.
"Mr. Davis, the corn man, sustained considerable loss on his corn,
3,300
4,500
400
<J60
900
1,000
100
200
1,000
HISTORY or HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. 4Ci 5
a portion of \vhich was bunied, and the reinaimler saved in a damaged
coiiditiou.
" The insurance on^'. C. Blakey's stock of groceries had expired only
a few days before the fire, and he had failed to have it renewed.
Many of our business men are out of employment by this disaster, but
most of them will find places temporarily, and continue business as
soon as they can settle up with the insurance companies. While the
loss of so many business houses will be seriously felt for a time, and
the loss on some individuals is hard to bear, vet we venture to pre-
dict that a stately row of buildings ^vill soon be erected on what will
now be called " the burnt district," and in time be an ornament to
the town. The aggregate loss will reach $20,000; the insurance
about half that sum."
TORNADO or 1872.
We have already spoken of the tornado that occurred in the town-
ship in September, 18.30. F(Uty-two years afterwards, another tor-
nado f)r wind stoi'm sweiH over a portion of tlie same township, this
time taking t!)e town of Salisliury in its course.
On the night of June li, 1872, and at the hour of eleven o'clock,
the wind blew fiercely from the soutllwe^t, Vihnving in the direction of
the northeast, accompanied by lightning, hail and rain, the rain jiour-
ing down in sluices. The aniphitlieatre at the fair irrounds, located
southwest of town, and just outside tiie corporate limits, was
completely destroyed. This structure cost $3,000, and, being almost
ue'.v, it was a great loss — so much so, that the fairs which had been
held for several years preceding that time were discontinued.
The Cumberland Presbyterian church (the south end of it) was
blown about the distance of ten or twelve feet from the foundation.
The Baptist church also was damaged to some extent. Allois h^teck-
er's dwelling house was blown down, and, in fact, many persons sus-
tained more or less damage in having their fences, chimneys, side-
walks, and other things destroyed.
BANKS.
Official statement of the financial condition of the Bank of Salis-
bury. Salisljury, Chariton county, State of ^lissouri, at the close of
business on the thirty-first day of .\ugust, 1882.
Resources —
Loans undoubtedly good on personal or collateral
security $36,fi74 I'l
Loans :iud iliscounts irood on real estate . . . 300 00
4G6
HtSTOlIY OF UONVAKD AXI> CHARITON COUNTIES.
Overdrafts by fcolvent customers
Duo fr(jin other banks, good on sight draft
Furnituro and fixtures .....
Checks and other cash items ....
Bills of National Banks aud legal tender United
States notes ......
Gold coin .......
Silver coin .......
Total
Liabilities —
Capital stock paid in
Snrplus funds on hand .....
Deposits subject to draft at sight
Total
873 49
5.3,898 06
780 00
1,000 00
4,215 30
300 00
200 09
$98,242 03
$10,000 00
111 93
88,130 10
$98,242 03
STATE OF MISSOURI, }
COLNTV OF ClIAKITON. 5
We, T. II. Walton, president, and W. II. Hayes, cashier of said
bank, and each of us, do solemnly swear that the above statement is
true to the best of our knowledge and l.)elief.
T. II. Walton, President.
Wm. H. riATFs, Cashier.
Subscribed and sworn to liefore me, this twelfth day of Septem.ber,
A. D. 1882.
^Vitness my hand and notarial seal hereto affixed, at otEce in Salis-
bury the date last aforesaid (commissioned and qualitied for a term
expiring :May 14th, 1882).
A. W. Johnson, Notari/ Public.
Correct — Attest:
Bkn.j. Hayes,
Geo. H. Appekgate,
W. R. Slaughter,
Directors.
secret orders.
Charter members of Sali.sl)ury Lodge, No. 208, A. F. & A. M., May
18th, 18G7 : I. K. Stephenson, W. M. ; A. C. Vandiver, S. W. ; M.
HISTORY OF HOWAUD AND CIIAUITON COUNTIES. 4ti7
L. Walton, J. W. ; J. E. Weber, secretary ; N. C. INIcGirk, treasurer :
A. W. Tayloi', chaplain ; ^V. F. Maupin, ivler.
Present officers — C. M. llumsey, W. M. ; E. T. Hamilton, S. W. ;
L. T. Fawks, J. W. : T. (j. Dulany, treasurer; John Chirk, secre-
tary ; A. W. Taylor, tyler.
Charter members of White Stone Eoyal Arch Chapter, No. .57,
November 10th, l><76 : Charles B. Randolph, H. P. ; John H. Tiitiier,
K. ; Daniel Dawson, S. : J. E. Meyers, C. H. ; G. X. Eatlifi'. P. S. ;
J. T. Williams, P.. A. C. ; .l^.'hn H. Turner; ^,1. of 3d Y. ; H. Clay
Cockrili, M. of 2d V. ; T. Z. McDaniel, M. of 1st V. ; O. Eoot, dr. ,
secretary.
Present offieeri— H. H. Wayland, H. P. ; B. B. Somerville, K. ;
W. S. Coleman, S. ; , W. II. Ti'.ulall, treasurer; John Clark, secre-
tary; Lazar Loeb. P. -S. ; C. M. Rumsey, C. II. ; Will Clark, E. A.
C. ; Eobert Donaldson, M. 3d V. ; J. F. Welch, M. 2d V. ; T. G.
Dulany, M. l>t V.
Salisbury Lodge, No. 23l>, I. O. O. F., instituted June 20, 1870.
Charter members : John Q. \\'irrick, John Eichards, M. E. Williams,
E. M. Jones, J. C. Taylor and C. J. Knox.
Present officers (l^iiS) — A. F. Moredock, N. G. ; D. C. IIilt<jn,
V. G. ; T. J. Moore, secretary.
Salisbury Lodge, No. 252, A. O. U. W., organized Jidy 15, lyS3,
with twenty charter members and the following officers : Geo. D.
Copeland, P. IM. AV. : D. C. Hilton, M. W. ; J. L. Frazier, G. F. :
G. A. Hall, O.; A. M. Fellow^, G. ; W. H. Bradley, E. ; J. H.
Green, E. ; John F. Fidler. F. ; AVni. G. Cook, I. W. : John O'Don-
nel, O. W. ; Doctor F. B. Philpotl. M. E.
The officers for 1883 are James H. Green, P. M. ~W. ; Charles D.
Reed, M. W. ; A. .M. Fellows, F. ; P.J. .Sylvester, O. ; JohnO'Don-
nel, G. ; Charles R. Jaenecko, E. ; D. C. Hilton, E. ; G. A. Hall,
F. ; John Schneider, I. W. ; John F. Koehne, O. W. ; Doctor F. B.
Phil pott, M. E.
INCORPORATED.
Salisbury was incorpoi-aled as a city of the fourth class in June,
1882. The first mayor and councilmen were: Phillip B. Branham,
mayor; Joseph Baier, F. M. Clements, \V. H. Tindall, John Clark,
councilmen.
Present mayor and ciumcilmen : Isaac Morehead, mayor ; Joseph
Baier, C. J. Via, Mat. \\"illianis, W. H. Tindall, councilmen.
468 HISrOKY OF UOWAUD and ClIAKITOX COUNTIK-^
PUBLIC SCHOOI,.
The public school was organized in Salisbury in Fcl)ruary, ]8()7,
with the following trustees : L. Salisbury. John E. "Weber, W. ().
Wilhite, F. B. Thomas, Eli Wayland, and AV. E. Kite. Tlie fii.^t
principal was Professor O. 1*. Davis. The school is taught in a frame
buiUling, whicli contains four rooms. The number of pupils enrolled.
white and colored, is about oOO ; average attendance, about "200.
The following, in reference to the puijlic schools, was prepariil by
Professor L. B. Cotites : —
S.\LISHi:HY PUBLIC SCHOOL.
The public school of Salisbury was organized under the citv organ-
ization April, 1867, having at that time two teachers and an enroll-
ment of 108. Tlic board of education liave taken mucli interest in
the school, and have, from time to time, made nianv prutitable
changes, till at present (Sejitember K!, 1883), the school opened with
241 pupils, and has five teachers. Tlie present board of education
is as follows: W. R. Slaughter, president; Doctor F. M. (."lements,
secretary : J. W. Eedding, treasurer ; C. J. Via, Major "Walton, Doctor
F. B. Philijott. The present corj)s of school teachers, several of
whom have been in the school four veais, and all of whom for the
jiast two years, are as follows: L. B. Coates, principal ; Mrs. F. A.
Crau), room No. 2 ; ^liss Edmonia ^^'right, room Xo. 3 ; ^liss Gnssie
Redding, room No. 4; Miss Pattie Woodson, room No. 5. Salary
of teachers as follows : Principal, $100 per month ; rooms Nos. 2 and
3, $40 per month ; rooms Nos. 4 and 5, $35 per mouth. I^ast April
the board of education adopted a course of stud}', consequeutiv the
present school is properly and strictly a graded school of five grades,
and composed of fifteen classes, three of which are in each room.
Tliere is also a set of printed regulations governing the board and
school. Last April the board voted $50 more with which to purchase
apparatus for the school. These stejis, with the body of teachers now
in the school, and with other changes Ijiat have been made, wai-i-ant
us in saying the school stands on a solid foundation and has a brighter
and more inviting future. Mr. J. AV. Redding and Mr. C. J. Via
have been on the board during its oi-ganization. The following gen-
tlemen have at different times been meml)ers of the board of educa-
HISTORY Ol" HOWARD AND CHARITOX COT'NTIES. 409
tioii: Messrs. W. S. Stockwell, T. G. DuUiiiy, Doctor B. F. WiNou,
Doctor F. B. Philpott, Doctor F. 'SI. Clements, ?tIajor W:ilton, W.
K. Skiu-hter, F. BInkcy, W. D. Williite, Eli Wnyland, and F. B.
Tlioinas. Tiie following persons have been principal ia the school :
Thomas Knox, John Wood, A. C. Vandiver, Pettit, C D. Rat-
lif}", P. A. Frederick, Jacob Adams, W. C. McMelan, J. J. Bnchanan,
and L. B. Coates, the present principal. " Our public school is now
organized according to tlie course of stud}' adopted. It is in good
working order and has the most flattering prospects for a successful
3'ear' s wor k . ' ' — I^rc-^s- Sj)er/a lor .
CKIMKS ANI> CASUALTIES.
Among the crimes and cisualtics that h:ive happened in Salisbury
since the war of 181)1, we mention the foUowinii;: —
July 4th, LSOT. Thomas H. Allen killed W. F. Maupin on the
corner of Thinl and Broadway streets. Tiie [>arties li-\ed about six
miles south of the town, and were neighbor.--; they had, however,
had a ditUculty some time previously, which aro?e from an altercation
between the fathers of tlie two men. .Mauinn wa< sliot in the breast
with a pistol and instantly killed. Allen had a trial i)efore a justice
of the [leace and was actpiittcd on the ground of self-defence.
July 5th, L"^?!. Anio^ Lewis killed James Morrissev. Lewis was
a policeman, and was doing special i-iuty — it being circus-day in the
town, Morrissev is said to have been drinking at the time, and at-
tempted to resist Lewis, who tried to arrest him. ^lorrissey was in-
stantlv killc-d and Lewis was cleared before a justice.
John Stranb, who was in l)usiness, shot and killed John IJouse l>e-
tween one and two o'clock at niuht. Rouse was shot at Straul)'.s
money-drawer. Straul) was examined before a justice and dis-
cliarged.
A man t)y the name of Loper, who was slightly demented, and
out on the street on a Sunday night, was killed by some one of a crowd
of boys and men, who were following him. It was not known who
committed the crime.
S. R. Robinson was shot by accident. Marshall Jones was trving
to arrest J. H. Hunt whom he shot and mortally wounded. Robin-
son was present during the time of the arrest, and there being several
shots tired, it was never known who killed him.
32
470
UISTOKY OF IIOWARD AND CHARITOX COUNTIES.
BUSINESS HOUSES ANO PKOFESSIONS.
3 diy goods iiiid clothing stores,
4 groceries,
6 general stores,
4 hardware stores,
1 boot and shoe store,
2 furniture stores,
4 millinery stores,
4 saloons,
3 farming implement stores,
3 restaurants and bakeries,
3 shoemakers,
1 Jewelry store,
2 lumber yards,
1 gents' furnishing store,
2 dentists,
2 harness shops,
3 blacksmith's shops,
2 livery stables,
3 carpenter's shops.
1 tailor,
1 barber,
1 sewing machine agent,
1 bank,
1 photographer,
1 news stand,
4 lawyers,
10 physicians, '
2 flouring mills,
I elevator,
1 marble works,
1 hay-stacker manufactory,
2 tobacco warehouses,
1 hotel,
1 boarding-bouse,
5 Protestant church edifices, two
of which are colored,
1 Catholic church.
CHAPTEE IX.
BOWLING GREEN TOWNSHIP.
Boundarj— Physical Features — Old Seltleis — First School Taught in the Town-
ship—Tlie First Mill Erected — The First Church — Dalton— Its History — Gen-
eral Sterling Frict-'s Farm — Bu^itiess Houses of Dalti.n — A. 0. U. W. — Keytesville
Landing — Its History — Large Farmers and Stockmen — A Coon Story — General
Sterling Price.
BOUNDARY.
This is one of the smallest towuships in the county and has been
recently tormecl. It is bounded on the north by Brunswick and
Keytesville tov.'nships, on the east by Keytesviile township, on the
south by [Missouri township, and on the west by the Missouri river
and Brunswick tuv.nship.
PHTSICAL FEATUKES.
The southwest corner of this township touches the Missouri river.
Much of the township is bottom land and remarkably productive.
The upland is also very fertile and constitutes tine farming land.
One-fourth the area of the to\vuship is timbered. There are several
Indian mounds along the line of the bluffs, and many relics of a pre-
historic race have been found in them. The streams are Palmer
creek, Lake and Lost creeks. There are a number of sloughs and
lakelets. Coal has been mined to some extent at Dalton. Sandstone
has been quarried in the township and is very hard in its character.
OLD SETTLERS.
Some of the old settlers of Dalton township were among the first
to locate in Chariton county.
Samuel Williams, who was from Jetlerson county, Virginia, came
to the county in 1818, for the purpose of attending the land sales
which occurred that year, and after purchasing land in what is now
(471)
472 HtSTOilY OF HOWARD AND CUAUITOX COUNTIES.
kin)\vii as liuwling Greoii township, he went to Kentucky, where ho
left his fumily, and returned in the fall of 1819, and settled on Iho
edge of Bowling Green [)rairie, where he continued to reside until his
death, wliich took place in 1822. He left a wife and four children.
T!ic names of his children, were John P. Williams, Thomas "Williams,
Eliza Willijims and Harriet Williams. John P. AVilliams, who came
with his father in 1819, was horn in Jetl'erson county, Virginia, in
1810 ; he is no^v and has been eontiiiuonsly a resident of Piowling
Green lowii-liip — a period of slxt\'-f()ur years. He is the oldest
living jiioneer in Chariton countv, and has resided in the county
longer than any man now living in the same, except Captain William
Heryford, wIkj was l)orn here April 14, 1818. ]Mr. Williams, although
seventy-three years of age, is strong in mind and body and possesses
a remarkably clear and accunite memory of the events which tran-
spired more than three score j^ears ago.
Among the pioneers in the township were also Henry Lewis, from
Virginia ; James and Perry Earickson, from Kentucky ; John M. Bell,
from Georgia; Archiliald Hix and Alexander Trent, from Virginia;
William Monroe and James Leeper, from Kentucky ; John W. Price,
James Price, John Conlson, Chanpion Turpin, old man Eleetwood,
John. Harris, Abraham Sportsman, ,lt)hn Ellison, John Rilev and
John Sportsman.
The first school teacher to exercise his calling in the township was
Rev. Ebenezer Rodgers, whom we have mentioned in our chapter on
Cli.iriton township. The school building was located on section o2,
township 53, range 19, in 1821.
Among the pupils who attended this first school were John 1'.
Th(Mnas, Eliza and Flarriett Williams, Benjamin Monroe, ^Martha and
Eliza Bell, Xaucy Stucky, John Stucky, Richard and Gustavus Earick-
son, .John Ish, who now resides in Saline county, Missouri, and
Charles J. Cabell.
William Monroe I)uilt the first mill in the township on the edge of
Bowling Green prairie, in 1819, on section 32, township 53, range 19.
This was a band mill.
The Methodists built the first house of worshiii, near John W.
Price's ; the church was called the " Blutf Church," and was erected
al)out the year 1836. It was a frame building, and was afterwards
moved into Brunswick township, and is now known as " Prairie
Chapel."
HISTORY or IIOWAKD AM> CHAIUTOX COU-NTIKS. 473
Dortor John BuJl was the pionofr Metliodist pi'cachfr in the town-
siliip, holding services there as early as 1819, at the house of Samuel
Williauis. The doctor was a man of many sterling traits of ch;ir-
acter, was an earnest and eloquent preacher, and was afterwards a
Representative in the United States Congress from Missouri. Among
the constituent nuMnbers of this original organization were : "William
Dalton and fainilv, Jane Browder, Betsy Iludnell, and Tabitha
EwiniT.
was laid out by William Dalton, on the southwest corner, north-
east quarter, northwest corner, southeast quarter, and northeast
corner, southwest quarter, section 13, township 53, range 1'.',
in 1867. The town site was the home of William Dalton,
after whom the village was named, many years before it was
laid out. It is located at the base of the bluffs, overlooking a broad
and fertile bottom towards the south — the Missouri river being some
three miles distant. To the south of Dalton, and a little to the west,
may now be seen some of the out-buildings, which still stand upon the
farm which was for manv vears the home of General Sterling Price.
Travellers upon the railroad, when jiassing Dalton, ask to have the
farm of General Price pointed out to them. The few remaining old
citizens who reside in tliis vicinity-, and who knew the General and
loved him. always brighten up, with a glow upon the chpek and in the
eye, when talking of him as a man, a citizen and as :i neighbor. One of
bis" old neighbors, while in conversation with the author in reference
to the General, said : " Mr., he was the politest man I ever saw —
would even touch his hat to a colored man."
The first business house in Dalton was erected by Vcach Ov. flyers.
The Wabash, St. Louis and Pacitic Railroad Company put up a good
and commodious depot ; the ground upon which it stands, including
about forty acres in the town, was donated to the railroad company by
Mr. Dalton.
The business interests of the town are divided as follows: Three
general stores, one grocery, one drug store, one lobticco factory, one
harness and saddler's shop, two blacksmiths, one hotel, one elevator,
and livery stable. There are two church buildings, one white and one
colored. The white is a union church, where several different de-
nominations worship.
474 UISTOKV OF HOWAUli AND CHAItHOX COUNTIES.
List of cljartor nn.Miibers of Daltoii Lodge, No. 258, A. O. U. W.,
instituted Scptt-nilier 2'J, 1882: T. 11. Jolniioii, J. K. Kedniau, Jos-
eph INIiles, C. C. Vrebb, W. IL Grotjan, S. T. Harper, J. D. Bayiie,
"Will. Bitter, J. R. Miiinie!<, Alviii Cox, L. J. Grotjan, J. F. White-
sides, W.J. Gravely. R. L. Lloyd, Cieo. R. Stiuirt, D. W. Bayne,
Jas. J. Moore, Jas. L. Plielps, Dootor T. A. Martin, Elisha Durbin.
List of present officers — C. C. Webb, master workman; Geo. R.
Stuart, past master workman ; J. J. Moore, foreman ; T. H. Carska-
don, overseer ; J. R. ]Minnick, recorder: Win. Bitter, financier; J.
R. Redman, receiver: .T. D. Ba}iie, guide; T. R. Johnson, inside
watchman; Wm. Gravely, outside watchman; Doctor T. A. Martin,
medical examiiiei'.
KKYTESVILLT-: I.ANDINCJ.
T'lis was located on section — , townshi[) — , range — , on the ^I'n-
souri river. It was never laid out as a town, but was a business point
from alxjiil 1832 to LSG'J, when it was tinallv abamUnied on account of
the Missouri changing its bi'd, leaving the place a long tlistance from
its banks.
The river now (1883) is about two miles from the landing. When
the town of Keytesville was established, in 1832, Keytesvillc landing
came into existence as a place of some prominence, because the goods
which were shipped to the merchants of the former place were brought
up tlie ilissouii I'iver liy boats and put off at this point, whence they
were transported to Keytesvillc by wagons, it being about six miles
away. This place was for nniny years an elegant steamboat landing,
and was the highest point of land on Bowling Green prairie, and was
the only portion of that prairie bordering u[)nn the river that was not
overflowed by the high water of L'^44.
General S^terling Price owned and operated a large tobacco ware-
house here i)efore the war. A store of general merchandise was run
for several ve:irs. In 18G4, Clinton Basey had a store at the landing ;
he sold the same to C. S. Forqiieran, who sold in 18(58 to General
Edward Price. No business is done now at this point. In 18(>l), a
steamlioat struck a snag near the hmdiug ;urI sank, but no lives were
lost. The caliiii was taken oti' and much of the lumber was used in
HISTORV OF HOWAUD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. -475
tlie construction of some of the hn\isos at Dalton — the hotel, espe-
cially, being' huilt nearly entire out of this lunilier.
In the section of country lying nearly contiguous to Keytcsville
landing are a nunibor of good stock fai-nis.
Prominent among the farmers is General E. W. Price, the piojn-io-
tor of the celel)ratcd Green Valley farm, hunted on Cowling Green
])rairie, four miles south of Dalton, ten miles east of Brunswick, and
eight miles from Ke\tesville, the eouuty seat. This, tlio home farm,
embraces an area of 800 acres of tlie finest agricultural land in the
State. The soil is a rich, dark loam, from eight to fifteen feet deep,
and is simply inexhaustible. Of tlie entii'c area of this splendid do-
main it is not exaggeration to say that there is scarcely a foot not sus-
ceptible of tillage. Tlie ordinal}' yield of wheat here is twenty-live
bushels to the acre, and corn produces from seventy-tive to one hun-
dred bushels per acre. GeneiTil Price grew, in 1880, on his farm 500
acres of wheat, which gave a magnificent yield, besides a lai'geareaof
corn. His extensive [tastures tuid meadows of blue grass, clover and
timothy are among the tiuest in the State. Ho also operates a saw
mill located on a 200 acre tract of timber laud, which turns out from
5,000 to 7,000 feet per day of lundjer. His tobacco factory is one of
the finest in the State. It is a building three stories high, and 200x1^0
feet ai'ea. The drying capacity of this factory is 200,000 pounds.
His stud includes twehe thoroughbreil Kentucky racers, among which
are the celebrated Bill Bass, Kusticus, an.d Adclade : Irene, a gray
fill}" out ot Adclade, Don and others of wide reputation, making up
one of the most valualde collections of thoroughbreds in the State.
The General's spacious and elegant mansion is in correspondence with
the character of its splendid surroundings. General E. W. Price at-
tained the rank of brigadier-general in the Confederate service. He
i? a sou of the distinguished General Price, formerly Govei-isoi- of the
State of Missouri, and w hose name is intimately interwoven with our
national history. As a polished gentleman and a popular citizen, no
man is better or more favorably known throughout the State than
General E. \V. Price.
Adjacent to the estate of the General, in Bowling Circen prairie,
lies the splendid -i'26 acre farm of (jeo. Chapman. The character of
its soil is identical with that of the farm just referred to. ^Ir. Chap-
man has 32."> acres in cultivation, and gives !iis attention especially to
the culture of corn, tobacco, wheat and live stock. He raised, last
year, from an eighty acre tract, 5,000 bushels of corn. His tobacco
476 HISTOKV OF IIOWAKD AND CHAKITOX COUNTIK.S.
tiiriK'il out l,50u pounds to tlie acre, aiiu liis wlicat faiin twoiilv to
t\V(Mity-(i\e liiisliels pei- acre. To the tornier crop he devotes <pceial
atteiitimi, and is provided with a spacious anil substantial wareiuiu>e
tor tlie accoiniuodatinii of tiie same. In addition to tlie at>ove, Mr.
C is interested in the cattle laisinesb, and feeds annually 2(_iO head.
lie is a iiati\e of ^'irginia, a populai' citizen and a thorouphl}' practi-
cal until.
A COON STORV.
During the winter of 1819-20, Samuel Williams, who had just emi-
grated to the county from Virginia, was needing some stock troughs,
and ordered his servant Eli, a negro who was then ahout twenty years
of age, to go to the woods and get then). Eli was accompanied to
the woods Ijy John P. Williams, who now resiiles in Dowling (ireeu
township, and who was then a lad of fifteen years, and two dogs named
respectively, Kuler ami Joler, which were the pro[)erty of Eli. liefore
the parties arrived in the locality where they were to cut and make
the troughs, the dogs had tracked in the suow aeooii, which had gone
up a tree ne.ir \)y. (iuided by the bark of the dogs, Eli and his
companion were soon upon the grouml. and while looking into the top
of the tree around which the dogs weie standing, Eli beheld, what ap-
peared to be to him an extraordinary large coon. The tree was large,
and Eli thinking that he did not have tlie time to spare to cut it down,
sent tlohn to the house after the gun (;in old tlint-lock ritlc), intend-
ing to siioot the coon. John soon returned with the gun and hau'lcd
it to I'^li, who laid down Itehind a cottoii-wooil log, and after taking a
long and deliberate aim, tired. The coon, however, failed to show
any signs of being hit, or even frightened. Eli liad never shot a gun
before and this may account for the fict of his missing. John having
forgotten to firing the shot-})oueh with him, Eli's chance for another
shot was cut off; being determined, however, to secure the coon, he
concluded to cut the tree down and went to work with his axe in good
earnest. He had been chopping some little time, when the animal
came down the tree, and after aj)proaching within ten feet of the par-
ties below suddenly sprang away out over the hea<1s of all and ran up
a leaning tree near by, pursued by the dogs. The dogs were brave
little fellows (both beiniz small). Ruler being especially courageous
and tenacious, and greatly esteemed l)v Eli for his many virtues.
Jolerwasgood and true, orat least had been so heretofore, and both dogs
seemed to be readv and an.\ious to iirove their courai^e and tidclitv.
HISTORY Ul" llOWAKU AND CIIAniTON COINTIKS. ill
Joler h:i()|>ened to be in advaiit-c of Kuler as thoy approaehetl the
coon on llie loaning tree (the tree inclining to >nch an extent that
the <loc:^ cciuld ascend and descend without an\' diriiculty), and ^^'llcn
he got near enough to take hold of the animal, the coon struck the
dog on the top of his head with one of his fore pa\\>, which sent him
reeling and ivhirling to tlie grouiul. It was noticed that the scalj> of
the dog's head was oil", as he struck the ground and as soon a« he
regained his feet, he heat a rapid retreat foi- the house, where he was
afterwards found under Eli's hed in one of tlie cabins. Joler at-
tempted to engage with the coon and bring him down. i)ut every time
he got near enough the animal woidd apparently sla[) him in the face
and on the head, and send him turning over and over to the ground.
The dog was tin:dl\- worried so lie could (Jo nolhing more and Eli ^^■as
left to tlu- resuurcf of striking the .animal "with his axe, proviiled he
could get in strikin;:- distance. "\A'hile attempting to climb the tree
with hi^ axe, and betbre he had reached the coon, it s[irang out of the
tree to the ground and made its escape. Eli and .John after tin'shing
their wui-k returned to the house and related their c(H)n story to Mr.
AA'illiams, who after hearing it, told them that the animal they saw
and attempted to capture was a panther. The next day the panther
was seen again, and finally killed in the spring of 1820. It measured
ten feet in length and was the largest one ever seen in the country.
Eli has been dead but a few years. He took great delight in telling
the coon story. lie had never seen a panther, and believed the one
he saw firstto be a coon. He said, however, whenever he related the
circumstances connected therewith, that he thought all the time ho was
trying to kill it that it was the biggest coon he oversaw, and had
never seen any as big in Virginia or Kentucky.
Bowling Green township, having been the home of General Ster-
ling Price for many years before the war of 18G1, we deem it jnopi r
to given in this connection a brief biographical sketch of the G'mi-
eral's life, believing that every man in Chariton county will j)eruse the
same with peculiar interest.
GENERAL STP:itI,ING PRICE
was born in Prince Edward county, Vii'ginia, September 14, 1 ?(•!'.
His foniily were, as their names indicate, Welch, but thev had
spread into various parts of England and Franco, as well as into
Viririnia. Thev were evidentlv old settlers in Prince Edward
478 1!istoi:y of howaru and ciiaiutun counties.
county, for tlie father of the suhject of this sketch, Pucfh W.
Price, was tlie youngest of a family of twenty-tive children, and
child of the second wife of his father.
Genera! Price was the third of four son!< and a daughter who
lived to maturity. The eldest brother was Doctor Edwin Price,
who died in Brunswick, Missouri, in 1858. The next eldest was
Major Eolicrt Iluph Price, who died in Galveston, Texas, in 1873.
The only sister is Mrs. Pamelia Koyal, widow of Captain John
Eoyal, formerly of Virpjiuin, and mother of Colonel William Roval,
of the United States army. Mrs. Royal resides in Columbia. Mis-
souri. John R. Price, late of California, but now of Texas, is the
only surviviug brother of the famil}'. At a suitable age Sterlina: was
sent to Hampden-Sydney College where, after completing his educa-
tion, he, at the age of twenty years, entered the clerk's office at Prince
Edwards court-house, with a view of being bi-ed to the bar. Here,
however, he did not remain long, for in the fall of the year 1831 his
father move to ^Missouri taking with him his sons Sterling and John.
They spent the winter in Fayette, in Howard county, and in the
spring following settled in Chariton county, near Keytesville, in which
neighborhood the subject of this sketch remained for a number of
years, engaged in keejiing a hotel, in merchandising and in agricul-
tural pursuits, after which he removed some tive or six miles south
* and settled on a faru) in Bowling Green prairie, on which he remained
until the breaking out of the war in 18131. In 1840, General Price
was first elected to the lower house of the Missf)uri Legislature, at
which session he waf< elected speaker of the same. In 1842 he was
re-elected to l>oth })ositions. In 1846 he was elected to a seat in
the Congress of the United States from the State of Missouri, on the
gener;il ticket system. War with ^lexico having broken out soon
aftei' he took his seat in Congress, he resigned and was commissioned
by President Polk to raise a regiment of Missouri volunteers. Upon
thisservice he retui'ned to Missouri, and in due time organized his
command of which he was elected and commissioned colonel, and
with which he marched into northern ilexico and the State of
Chihuahua. In 1847 he wa< promoted for gallant and meritorious
conduct to the rank of brigadier-general, and assigned to command
in New Mexico, where he remained until the close of the war. He
fought the battle of Santa Cruz which, like the battle of New Orleans,
occurred after a treaty of peace had been made. In that battle the
Americans captured General Angel Trias, the Mexican commander
iiiSTOuv OF ii(«\VA!;i) AND CHAiMTON c<:n'NTii:s. 470
:uul GnvcriKjr of Chihii;ilia;i, ;iiid several tlioiisand of his troops ami
twent^'-fouf pieces of aitiliory, altlinnirli the Mexican forces nearly
ijiiadniplod that of the Americans. The artillery and arms were
promptly retiii'ned to the Mexicans as soon as knowledge of the treaty
of peace readied the jreneral commanding. Yet it was ever with
him a matter of regret tliat he could not l)rinir to Missouri the artil-
lery as trophies of the war. After the ^Icxican war. General Price
returned to his fa rP! in Gharitoii county which, during his al(?ence,
had heen manatred with great prudence and skill by his excellent witc-
Here he devoted himself to agriculture and the genial and elegant
hospitalities of that time — a conspicuous trait of all the people of that
section, or wherever Virginians h;id immigrated. He was surrounded
by a large i;olony of farmers, many of then) of his own name and
kindred, and by neighbors who held him in great respect, not c-nly
for his civic and military services, but who esteemed and admired him
as a good neighbor aiid honest num. From this beautiful retreat at
Bowling Green prairie he was railed again, in 1.S,')'2, into public life.
He was nominated bv the Dcin'icratic parly and elected by a large ma-
joi'ity as {governor of the State. He entcn-ed upon thi> duties of the office
at a time \vhcu the great corporations of the State, especially the
railroad companies, were liei^inninir to become formid;d)lo.
Sutbcient cucoiiragemcnt had been given them during the adminis-
tration of Governor l^ing, liis immediate predecessor, to embolden
them in the most extravairant demands, and so plausible did the elo-
fjuence of their supporters in the Legislature m.akc these demands
ai)pear, that large extravagant a[)propriations were voted them by the
assistance (if the " lobby" and •■ omnibus " l)ills, and when opposed
by the veto of the Go^■ern(lr, accompanied by the strong logic of his
mastermind, and the jjrophetic warnings that have since l>een so
fearfully fulfilled, these bills were passed against his earnest protesta-
tions. Finding the salary of the Governor iuadecpuite to the su[)}iort
of that officer in a manner suitable to the dignity of tlie office, in a
message to the Legislature, he called their attention to the fact ; re-
commending an increase for the l)enetit of his successor. Tmo vears
before the expiration of his term, a law was passed in accordance
with the recommendation, i)ut to take etl'ect from and after its pass-
age, and notwithstanding the o[)inion of tlie attorne^'-general and
several mend)ers of the Sufireme Court iu favor of the constitution-
ality of its a[)[jlication to the incumbent, yet he persistently ret'useii
to receive a dollar more salary than lie took under the law in force at
480 IlISTOUY OF HOWAIil) AND CHAKITON COL'NTlhS.
the lime ot' his ia-iuiriiratioii. Consequently there is a hirge hahmce
still due him from the State. In 185fi, General Pi'ice returned to his
t'iirui, devoting hinisL.'H" to agrieulture and hreeding of fine stock,
where he remained with his family till the nomination of Clail)orne F.
Jaekson for Governor, when upon his resignation of the office of
hank commissioner, (leneral Price was induced to accept the ofiice.
In 1857. he interested himself in the canvass for a county subscrip-
tion of $J50.()00, to secure a railroad through this ctjunty, which is
now a part of the St. Louis, Kansas Citv and Northern Eailroad, and
by his effcprts, mainly, the project was carried l>y a vote of 341 mnjor-
ity. In the triangular contest for the Presidency in I'SfJO, General
Price espoused the cause of Stephen A. Douglas, as a conservative
between the extreme views represented by Abraham Lincoln of the
North, and John C Bieckenridge, of the South. When the results
of the election were known and the tremendous excitement consecpient
thereupon cau~od the State Legislature, upon its assembling in January
following, to call a convention of ninetA'-nine members or of three from
each of the thirty-three senatorial districts, to consider the relations
of Missouri 'o the L'Vderal Government, Governor Price, with
Thonnis Shackelford, of Howard, and William Hall, of Randolph
county, were elected Ijy a large majority, as Union members to repre-
sent their district, and upon the asseud)ling of the convention in
Feln'uary, Governcn- Prii-e was elected president of the body. It was
the tlesign of the ]ieoide of Missouri, if possible, to avoid the war
that ensued, and tor that p'urpose determined to occupy a position of
"armed neutrality." For this they were denounced as traitors and
as such treated l)y the I'ederal authorities and their armies. Goveru(U'
Jackson tendered to General Price the command of the State forces,
with the rank of major-general, which he accepted and henceforth,
after all hopes of averting a conflict were crushed by the capture of
" Camp Jackson," where General Price's eldest son was with the
com[iauy, which he had raised under the laws of the State, and of
which he had been elected captain, his energies were expended in the
interest of the South. 'J'his is not the time or place to enter into a
detailed history of his militaiy career while the sanguinary con-
flict la-ted, for to do so wcjiild extend the sketch beyond our limits
and involve a liistorv of the war, which is not designed. Suffice it to
say, that either t'roni ignorance of his merits (which is the most char-
italde if not the most complimentary reason), or from jealousy of
his great popidarity (which is the most probable), by the Richmond
HISTOKV OF HOWARD AND CnAKITOX COUNTIES. 481
:\uthoritios he was subordinated to those who were greatly liis in-
teriors, and denied the i>rominence and position to which his talents
and abilities entitled him, so far that the cause for which he suffered
so much, was greatly the loser by the manner in which he was treated
by those who had the authority over him, and who ought to have
known lietter. Notwithstanding all this the patience with which he
endured and the brilliant qualities exhibited whenever the occasion
presented itself so endeared him to the pi'O'.de of the South that with
the exception of Lee and possibly of Jack';(3n, no name among their
cherished heroes is remembered with a more ardent and sincere affec-
tion, and in Missouri, es[)ecially, will the memory of his name and
deeds be fresh and fragrant long after those of his maligners have
faded and perished from the earth. After the surrender, with a num-
ber of Missouri exiles, General Price made his way to the city of the
Montezumas, with a view to the formation of a colony at Cordova,
where a large grant of land had been made by the Emperor ^laximi-
lian. The unsettled condition of the country, the waning fortunes
of the empire aud more th:in all, the unfavorable action of the climate
upon his shattei'ed ronslitutiou, notv.ithstandiug Mrs. Price and his
children, with the excejitiou of his eldest son, had joined him in
ile.xico, seemed to render his return to Missouri a necessity.
In the winter of isGi; they returned to St. Louis : the General suf-
fering with chronic disease of the iniwels, first contracted in Mexico
some twentv years previous. Here he engaged in business as a com-
mission merchant, and established a prosperon.'s house. His health
continued to decline, and all efforts to restore it were unavailiuir, and
on the 29th of September, 1867, he died at peace with all mankind.
After the body had lain in state in the church, at the corner of Eiirhth
street and AVashingtun aveijue, for several tiays, where thousands
took their farewell look at their l)eloved and honored chieftain, he
was buried in Bellefontaiue cemeterv, on the 3d of October, tlie
anniversary of one of his greatest battles, followed by one of the
■ largest funeral processions that had ever been known in St. Louis.
Endowed with rare graces of person, and a presence full of diirnitv
aud Ijenignity, General Price was a natural soldier ; capable of huidimr
troops under tire, and ot inspiring them with his own hi^h couratrc
he had also the faculty of tilling them with a love of his person,
amounting almost to adoration. His were the qualities which beritted
him for battle and the tlizzy fascination of danger seemed to exalt
him with
"Tlie bis thoushts tUat make arabition virtue,"
482 HISTORY OF nOWAKD AND CHAKITOX COUNTIES.
and he could dilTuse his great soul into an aimy. He Vius not so
niiioh the ireiierulas the chieftain. He ^vas the chiv.ilrons leader of a
gallant and adoring people. The magistrate and ruler, the statesman
and citizen. Frugal v.-ithout avarice, he was generous without prod-
igality, and always just. At the battle of Lexington, Missouri, ho
captured from Colonel Mulligan, the federal commander of the post,
a million dollars, belonging to the Farmers' .bank, every dollar of
which he returned to the rightful owners. It was an act of heroic
justice, but "it was not war." On the 14th of ilay, l?oo. General
Price was married to Martha, daughter of Captain John Head, of
Randolph county, Missouri, who had emigrated to Missouri from
Orange county, Virginia, about the same time the Prices did from
Prince Edward, and who settled in the corner of Randolph, near the
lines of Howartl and Chariton. Mrs. Price, as before intimated, was
a most excellent lady, possessed of many amiable traits of character,
which endeared her to all with whom she was associated. Only four
of their children are living : General Edwin W. Price, Colonel Celsus
Price, Martha Sterling Price (now Mrs. Willis), and Quintus Price.
CHAPTER X.
TRIPLETT, BEE BRANCH, CUNNIXGIIAM, ilENDON, MISSOURI
AND COCKRELL TOWNSIIH'S.
Triplptt Township — Boundary — Physical Fealul■e^^ — Early Settlers — Triplett —
Stella Lodge, \o. obt), I. O. 0. F. — Friendship Lodge — Bee Branch Township —
Boundary — Physical Features— Early Settlers — School — Byniimville — Mouut
St. Marys — Cunningham Township — Boundary — Physical Features — Early Set-
tlers— Cunningham Secret Orders — Business — Sumner — Its Business — Mendon
Township — Boundary — Physical Features — Mendon — Business — Secret Or-
ders— Missouri Township- Boundary — Physical Features — Early Settlers —
Cockrell Township — Boundary — Physical jFeatures — School — Churches and
Levees.
TRIPLETT TOWNSHIP BOUNDARY.
Trii)lctt township is located in the southwestern part of the county,
and contains about forty square miles of territory. It is bounded on
the north by Cunningham and Mendon townships : on the east by
Mendon and Brunswick townships ; on the south by Bruiiswick town-
ship and Carroll county, and on the west by Carroll county.
nirSICAL FEATURES.
The only streams in the township are Salt and Brush creeks, which
water the southeastern part of the same. This township comprises
the hirge, high bottom known as Porche's prairie — the low bottom on
Grand river and a strip of upland prairie and timber on the east.
The Grand river bottom is subject to overflow, and is valual)le chiefly
for the timber. Porche's prairie is nearly all susceptible of cultiva-
tion and is exceedingly productive. The upland is equal to any
upland in the county. There are some large lakes in Grand river
bottom. There are a few ledges of limestone and a little sandstone
in the south part. No coal has been developed.
On Grand river bottom, in section 21, township 54, range 21, there
is an Indian mound some ten or twelve feet high, nearly circular in
484 HISTOUY OF HOWARD AXD CIIAKITON COUNTIES.
sli;i|H'. :uul iihont fiftv leet in cli;iiiietei'. ]t?> locatif)n i^ at a ln\T' point,
near a lake, hut its r>iinii>iit is considoi-ed ahove hiah water iii;irk.
OLD SETTLERS.
AmoiifTthe early settlers of this township was Israel Pt)rche. who
came ainoii;^' the pioneers, and located on what is known as Porche's
prairie, whieh was naniei.l tor him. Tliis prairie emhraces an area of
land, which is about six miles in widtli, and alxmt eight miles in
length. I'orehe settled near the banks of Salt creek, where he con-
tinued to reside until liis death, which occurred about the year
1844.
Alexander Banning, AVilliam Brown, George Jackson, John and
James McFerrin, Samuel Leeper and his sons, John, Calvin, Samuel,
Emsley, and thi-ee other sons; AVm. Latliram, William and Samuel
Dean, Josejih and Abner Cloud, Levi Snow, and .lohn and Lark
Lathram, were all early settlers, some of whom came to the county
before ISPjO.
Logan n. Ballew, Joim Triplett, Andi-ew Crockett and E. Ramshcr
were also among the old settler.-^. Mr. Kamslier was an Enlisliman,
and, it is said, he came to the township umler a cloud, seeking the
location as a place of ol)scurity and safety. He was an accomplished
business man, having had a large experience in one of the prominent
banks of England, from \vhich he embezzled several thousand pounds.
Prior to his coming to Chariton county, he had travelled nearly all
over the worlil, seeking an asylum of ease and quietude, and upon his
arrival here, his ready money was about exhausted. He had. how-
evei-, a great abundance and variety of elegant clothes, and consideralde
jewidry, whirh was also elegant and costlv. Soon after his com-
ing, and in the fall of 1840, a man came from England, searching for
him. He came up the river in a boat to Brunswick, and from that
place went out to see Ea;nslier, who was living on his farm. He re-
turned to Brunswick next day, and left for St. Louis without li:ivin<r
recovered unv of the stolen mouev.
The town of Triplett was laid out by A. FL Hooper and John E. M.
Triiilett, on the northwest northeast and northeast northwest section
19, township 54, range 20, on the Brunswick and Chillieothe Railroad,
HISTOnV OF HOWAKD AND CIIAPaTON COUNTIES.- 485
now Omaha litan.ch oi'the Wabasli, St. Louis and Pacific Raiload, in
June, 1870. Ml'. Ti-i[)lett huiit the fust house in the new town, ami
Jackson Alsoii and .Tohiison M. Reed were tlie lirst merchants. W'm.
Ushei' was the tirst hlacksmitl), Doctor Ashbrcw was the pioneer
})hysi<'ian, and George BUike the first car[)onter, iu the town.
TripK^tt was incorporated May 4, 1881. The first town officers
were: L. 11. Dalleu', president; Doctor C. A. Jennings, George
Harper, and Mat Clerkin, trustees ; 1). F. Smith, clerk, and 1\ W.
Sanders, treasurer.
Present town officers : George Harper, president of the board of
trustees; Mat Clerkin, W. D. Warden, D. L. Wood, C. H. Jef-
fress, trustees ; L. J. Fleetwood, clerk ; T. W. Sanders, treas-
urer.
The population of the town in 1880 was 205 ; it is trreater now
(1883). There are now four stores, general assortment, one hard-
ware and lumber store, two drug stores, one restaurant, one grocery,
one Ijlacksmith shop, one grist mill, tliree physicians and one
dentist.
The jiostmasters of the town liave been J. M. Reed, A. W. Sick-
els, W. F. Tucker, J. M. Reed and W. F. Tucker.
SKCRET LODGKS.
Stella Lodge No. ."8G, I. O. O. F. : organized May 22, 1879,
with the following otBcers : M. H. Madd.)ck, N. G. ; J. D. Utley,
V. G. ; Lawrence Mernaugh, secretary, and J. P. Hampton, treas-
urer. The charter members were: M. H. Maddock, J. D. Utley,
Lawrence Mernaugh, Bently Hudson, Dayhofl', and W. T.
Irviu. Present officers : C. F. Bowman, N. G. ; J. L. Vaughan, V. G. ;
J. M. Marsh, secretary, and J. P. Hampton, treasurer. Number of
members, 32.
Friendship Lodge No. 2094, K. of H., was "organized March 12,
1880. J. M. Marsh. M. H. Maddock, C. A. Jeimings, J. S. Hack-
ley, J. P. Hampton, Clark Harper, A. K. Cawtliron, J. Mernaugh,
G. Winters, J. J. Wockley, Wni. Hooper, Wm. T. Irvin, R. H.
Falconer, Wm. Poland, W. D. Boweu, J. P. Adams, O. L. Hampton,
L. T. Jennings, W. H. Riggin, G. E. Misuer, J. J. Hartfield, D. L.
Ward, James Shipp, and T. J. Dook, were the constituent members.
Number of members, 30.
33
486 KISTOUY OF HOWAIID AND CHARITOX COUN'TIKS.
BF.K BKAKCII TO\V\SIIir r.Ot'NDAUY.
Bouiulcd oil Ihe norlh by ^lacon county, on the east by Maeoii
county and "Waylan'.l township, on the south ]>y Wayiantl ami Cock-
rcll townships, and on the west by Muscle Fork and Chu-k town-
sliips.
PHYSICAL FKATURK.S.
The township originally embraced about eighty-tive square miles,
but in 18S0, another township was taken otf, called Cockrell town-
ship, which reduced it to nearly one-half its original size.
.The following streams arc well distributed throughouL the town-
sliip : Jones' branch, Boe branch. East and West Bee branches,
Chariton river, and Puzzle creek.
A vein of C(»al h;is been discovered at the fish-dam ford, on the
Chariton, but is net worked.
Sandstone exists in abundance. About three-fourths of the town-
shij) is prairie.
KAULY SETTLERS.
The early settlers of Bee Branch township were not numerous, and,
in fact, the township did not settle up very fast until after the \var of
1861. Among the early pioneers, who came to the township aliout
the year 1820, were Silas Thomas and John A. Thomas, who emigra-
ted from the State of New York, and located in section ob. Silas
Thomas died before the late war. He has three sons and one daughter
now living in the township.
Asa Prewitt, from Kentucky, settled on what is called the " Island,"
or " Lone Hill." He uow resides at Roanoke, Howard countv.
David Morgan opened a farm on section 3, township 5.^, rani:;e 17,
and wa.s also from Kentucky. He was a great hunter, and died be-
fore the late war. The mcmliers of his family are either all dead in-
gone to other parts of the country.
Wm. Hurt located on section 3ti, and raised a large familv, a [lortion
of which is still living in the county. Alexander and Isaac Smith
emigrated from Kentucky about the year 18;! 1, and settled on section
2, where he and his wife still live, at an advanced age. ilr. Smith
was a justice of the peace of the county for twentv-five ^'ears.
Judge Berry Owens, who is a native of Kentucky, where he was
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIKS. 487
h'tni in 18:?7, ciune to Ilowurd county Avith his father, when a mere
ciiild, and after remaining in Howard until he was about grown, came
to Chariton count v, and settled in Bee Branch township in ]849, on
section 3, township 55, range 17. His farm now embraces parts of
sections 3 an<l 4.
JoIhi Xoblo came fiom Indiana at a very early day and openetl a
farm on section 10, to\vns!iip 55, range 17. Kandolpii Chirk was one
of tiie pioneers and settled in tlie southern part of the town^hij),
where he erected a mill on tiic Grand Chariton river. This was a
grist and saw mill and tiie first one in that region of the country.
The settlers for twenty miles around, came to this mill with their corn
and wheat and continued to do so for many years. The old pion.eer
mill :md its owner have long since passed away.
Thomas S. McCarl, father-in-law of Judge Berry Owens, came in
1846. David and "William McCollum, l)rothers, were among the
early settlers, and located near Clark's mill. These men were great
hunters. They and their families, are either all dead or gone else-
where. Nathaniel Bunch, from Kentucky, was one of the tirst settlers
in Bee Branch township. He is still living on the place originally
settled by him, near Clark's mill above mentioned.
The old settlers of this township, were nearly all from Kentucky,
aud were fond of hunting and fishing, which they kept up until the
breaking out of the late war. This they could do to their hearts de-
light, as the w'oods and prairies were full of game and the streams
swarmed with fishes of many varieties. The trees along the banks of
these streams, afforded also a great abundance of the richest and
most delicious honey.
SCHOOL.
There was no school-house in the township) until 1848, aud, per-
haps, no school taught until that period. Judge Beny Owen's father
aud a few of his neighbors, got together and erected a log building
on section 9, during the summer of 1848, and eni[)loyed Kev. James
Bell, a missionary Ba[)tist pi'cacher to teach a school. Benjamin
Smith, Isaac W. Snuth, Lill>urn A. Smith, A. J. McCart, F. :M. Mc-
Cart, Joseph Thomas and Alfred Thouuis were among the pupils.
BYXC.MVILLK.
Many years ago Doctor Joseph Bynum, \vho was one of the early
settlers, lived one mile north of the present town of Bynuniville.
488 HISTORY OF nOWAIlD AND CHAKITON COUNTIES.
The doctor went to California among the gold seekers of 1S49. A
post-office was established here and called Byiiumville post-office.
The original house erected on the spot where the town now stands
was put up by John T. Brockmau in l>s59. Brockman sold his place
to Robert Carman, who was the first postmaster. The town, how-
ever, was not laid out until 1878, when Baldwin and Davis had it sur-
veyed and filed a plat, wliieh siio\\s that the town site covers a jiortiou
of the west half of section :?<), township fifi, range 19.
The town contains two stores, one drug store, which is an attaclimcnt
to the general store of Judge Berr}' Owen's, one Idacksuiith and
wagonmaker, one physician, one shoemaker and one church.
Wm. Howell is the postmaster.
MOUNT ST. Mary's (or wien.)
This town was laid out in 18 — on the west-half of section 14, town-
ship 56, range 17, by Francis Moeuning, Leonard Holzle, and Anton
Heuber, in June, 1877. It contains a post-office, two general stores,
a blacksmith's and wagon shop and a large Catholic Church edifice.
CHURCH AND CONVENT.
Historical items concerning the German Catholic congregation and
the Franciscan Convent at Wien, Chariton County, Missouri: —
The congregation was organized in 1872 b}' the Rev. Fr. Kearful.
It then numbered 22 families, and was attended once a month from
Brunswick during 1872, divine service being performed in private
houses.
In 1873 a block church was built, and from 1873-74 service was held
twice a montli.
From 1874 to 187t) Rev. Fr. Tuite administered to the Mants of the
congregation.
In 1876 Fathers of the Franciscan Order took charge of the con-
gregation.
In 1877 a brick church (40x32) and convent (60x36) were
erected, and dedicated to Our Lady of Angels.
Names of Pastors — Rev. Fr. Francis Moenning, 1876-79; Rev.
Fr. Pancratius Schulte, 1879-80 ; Rev. Fr. Raynerius Diekneite,
1880-82; Rev. Fr. Paciticus Kohnen, since Februarv 11th, 1882.
HISTO)tY OF HOWARD AXD CHAIilTOX COUNTIES. 480
The congresiition numbers seventy families at present. An additiiiii
(54 x32) will he made to the church next year.
Stations utlcudeu iVom the Convent — Kelley'a Settlement, Immacu-
late Conception chui'ch, titteen families, visited once a month.
Hurricane Branch, St. Joseph's church, thirty families, attended
once a month.
New Camhria (Macoii county), St. Peter's church, twenty families,
attended twice a UKinth.
Hater's Grove (Shelby county), St. Michael's church, twenty
families, attended once a month.
N.B. — p]ach of those stations has a frame church ( 40 x 24).
Names of priests who have attended these stations : —Kev. Fr.
Bonaventura Faulhaber, 1876-79 : Rev. Fr. Stanislaus Kiemann,
1879-81; Eev. Fr. Maximilian Klein, 1881-83; Rev. Fr. Fidelis
Kaercher, since August, 1883.
CUNNINGHAM TOWNSHIP BOUNDAKY.
("lunuin^Viam township occu[iies the n<irth\vest corner of the county,
and is luiunded cjn the north l)y Linn county, on the east bv Yellow
Creek township, on the south by Mcndon and Triplett to\vnships,
and on the west by Carroll county.
PHYSICAL FEATUKES.
The township einl)races nearly eighty square miles, partly bottom
land and partly very gentl}' r(»lling upland. Tiie bottom lands over-
flow, excepting the ridges, which are in the bottoms. One of these
ridges, called Hog ridge, contains l,OuO acres. The township) is
watered i)y Elk, Yellow and Turkey creeks, which flow through the
western part of the township and emi)ty into Grand river. Swan
Lake is in this township, and is located partly in .sections 34, 35, and
3G, township 5(j, range 21. Hog Lake covers ai»out as much land as
Swan Lake, but is more irregular in shape. The up[)er portion of the
township is nuiinly prairie, and of the very tinest quality of soil. The
area of timber is not more than one-fifth of the township. But little
coal is developed, and but little stone is found in the township.
EAKLY SETTTERS.
Thomas Stanley was the pioneer settler of Cunningham township,
and made a settlement as early as 1828. He built a cabin and In-
490 HI!^TO^:y or howakd and ciiaiuton counties.
cuted on tlie laiul wlicre Siiinner now stands, tor the purpose of trad-
ms with tlie Indians, and remained there until liis death, wliicli
occurred November 15, 1859.
Robert Stanley came two years after in company with his brothers
Coleinan and Duncan. They were mere boys at the time, and are
now all living except Coleman, who died in 18(37. Robert lives in
Grand Rivei- township, Livingston county, Missouri, and is seventy-
four years of age. Robert lives near St. Catherine, Linn county,
Missouri. They came to Cooper county, Missouri, in 1818.
The next settler in the townsliij) was Jack, a free negro, who located
on Jack's ridge, one mile north of Suiuuer. Benjamin Full, a white
man, lived on the place that Jack settled about the year 1835 or 183tj.
John Ri(]gewav can)e to the count v after Full, and now sleejis on
Jack's ridge. His boys reside iu Randolph county. A family by tlie
name of Coopei' settled on the same ridge.
Henrv Wheelbarger, from Ohio, came about 1830, and settled on
Hog ridge, south of Cunuinghtim about three miles, and cleared an
old field, whicli may be seen now. He first located on the bank of
Grand river, a mile and a half west of Cunningham. Wheelbarger
had quite a family of boys, whose names were Samuel, John, Charley,
Allen and Harry. Sanmel is in Texas : Harrv was killed in the Union
army, in McBride's connnand ; fJohn died at home ; Allen. PLirry and
Charley live in the township. John Lamb settled ai)out one mile
south of Wheelbarger. He left the county a few j'ears afterwards;
his present locn.tiun is wot known. JakeCronsaw opened a farm (jn the
north bank of Swan Lake; his old farm joins the corporate limits of
Cunningham. He came about 1842, and left the county before the
war of 18G1. The next settler east of him and on the adjoining farm
was a man by the name of Ramshire. Then came Jack Young, who
settled on Elk creek about six miles from Cuimingham. He went
through the army in the Eighteenth Missouri Volunteers, and became
blind with small-pox. He afterwards left the county. James Jones
came in 1838, and entered land where Yellow creek In-idge now stands.
Edward Stewart and Thomas Stewart came in 1845. Edward was at
one time county surveyor. Thonnis Stewart had three boys — Char-
ley, James and Elias. Charley lives at Cunningham, Elias died in
Memphis, Teimessee, and James in Arkansas.
CUXiVIXGHAM.
Cunuinghain was laid out by Eziah McLillv in June, 1870, on th''
HLSTOKY OI' HOWARD AND CHAiUTON COUNTIES. 491
northeast quarter sectiou 27, T. 5(5, K. 21, on tlie Omaha branch of
tiie \Val)ash, St. Louis and Pacific Eailway. The first building in the
town was intended for a duelling house, but after l)eing occuj>ied a
while as sucli, it was converted into a boarding-liousc. The first
business house was a saloon, erected in 1870. 'J'hen followed in
rapid succession the business houses of M. O. Cunningham, AVilliani
Harner, Samuel AYinfrey, J. Gould, 'L'homas Abrains, and others.
A school liousc was built in 1872. ;uid is two stories in height. The
upper story was erected by the Free Masons for a hall. It is now
occupied by the I. 0. O. F. and A. O. U. W. A Masonic lodge was
organized in the town about the year 187-5 : the charter was arrested
in 1878. The Union Christian churcli i.'^ now in [)rocess of erection.
Cunningham Lodge, No. 227, A. O. U. W., date of charter Sep-
tember, 1881, organized by Deputy P. P. Ellis. Charter members
are K. McAllister, J. B.Stockton,',!. H. Parker. W. G. Stewart,
Dr. a. Suits, F. ;»L Johnson, F. F. namilton, L. Anderson, D. H.
Ballew, B. D. Grimsley. Present membershii) sixteen.
Cunningham Lodge, No. 411, L O. O. F., organized, January 5,
1881, with the following persons: J. B.Stockton. X. G. : John H.
Shaw, V. G. ; E. G. Warden, treasurer: S. J. Pouting, conductor;
Christopher Koth, warden. Present officers : J. H. Toppass, N. G. ;
S. M. Davenport, V. G. ; F. M. Johnson, secretary ; A. Fry, P. S. ;
Lew Matthews, treasurer; S. ^^'. Gould, warden,
BANKS AND BANKERS.
There has never been but one bank at Cunningham, which is the
Bank ofCunningham. That was established in August, 1883. Pres-
ident, L N. Long; vice-president, James Mr-Riddle; cashier, A.
Johnsou. Directors: I. N. Long, James M. Kiddle, A.Johnson,
William Fulbright, J. IL Parker, Harvey Batts, of Battsville, Car-
roll county, and S. H. Baugh, of Bedford, Livingstor. county. The
baid< cominenceil business in its new building under the nio.-t favor-
able auspices. It has a cash capital of $15,000, all paid up, and
its representative capital is $500,000. The officers of the bauk and
the directors are men who stand high as leading business men and
capitalists of Chariton, Carroll and Livingston counties.
492 HISTORY oi howakd and ciiakiton counties.
4. stores — general stoek. 2 gruiii dealers.
3 drug stores. 2 grain warehouses.
2 hardware stores. 2 blacksmith shops.
1 restaurant. 1 wagon shop.
2 hotels. 1 liver}' stable.
1 lumber yard. 2 saloons.
J. Gould was the first and is the present postmaster.
was laid out l)y Joel II. Wilkcrson antl the Chicago, Burlington and
Kansas City Ivailroad Conn)any on north halt section 22, township
56, range 21, at the junction with the V.'abash, St. Louis and Pacific
Kailway (Omaha Branch) in June, 1882.
The lirst building in the place was put up l)y J. M. Vance in the
fall of 1882. Among tlie early builders of houses was Professor
Willett, who erected the Commercial Hotel. The tirst board of trus-
tees was composed of William W. Knickerbocker, chairman ; Samuel
Flommerfolt, Dr. A. C. Aull, F. P. Southerland, W. II. Willett,
clerk; N. A. Bailc}', marsiial. A union Sabbatli school was oi-gaii-
ized, June 17, 1883, with Howard Woodward, superintendent; Mrs.
W. B. Perkins, assistant, and l^rotessor Willett, secretary ixnd treas-
urer.
BUSINESS.
4 general stores. 2 lumber j'ards.
1 exclusive hardware store. 1 saddle and harness shop.
2 drug stores. 1 blacksmith and wagon shop.
1 restaurant. ' 1 livery staiile.
3 hotels. 1 bakery.
MENDON TOWNSHIP BOUNDARY.
It is botinded on the noith hy Cunningham township, on the east
by Salt Creek township, on the south by Brunswick and Triplett
ownships, and on the west by Triplett and Cunningham townships.
HISTORY OF HOWAKD AND C;HAiaTON COUNTIES. 49o
PHYSICAL FEATURES.
The township is watered by Elk, Yellow and Salt creeks and Hick-
ory branch, and is mainly prairie. The eastern )iart is well cultivated
and thickly populated. Much of the western portion is fenced in for
pastures, it being generally too low and wet for cultivation. Ai)oul
one-fourth id' the township is timbered. Coal has been worked in
some places, sup])lying considerable local traile. Sandstone is found
in some portions of the township. It embraces an area of thirty-six
square miles.
!Mcndon was laid out in 1871 V)y Christopher Sliupe <ni southeast
southwest section 14, T. br>, R. 20. It was, however, a business point
several years before the plat of the to^vn was tiled — as early as 1S65,
when Bostich and Eastman erected a business house — general merchan-
dise. In 1871 Keith Brothers put up the building now occupied by
Shupc Brothers. Charles Welling erected the next business house in
the spring of 18S0. In 1881 Dr. Morgan built a drugstore, which was
soon after occupied bv Anderson & Kaatz as a general store. In
1882, J. T. Graves sold drugs in the same building and sold to W.
G. Herndon, who now occupies it.
BUSINESS.
E. M. Shupe, merchant and postmaster.
Charles Welling, nierchant.
W. G. Herndon, drugs.
ilisuer, blacksmith.
J. M. Herndon, justice of the peace.
Doctor ^V. B. Lucas, assessor.
J. N. Hearn, collector and constable.
Eli Ward, trustee.
Dragon Lodge, No. ,394. A. F. and A. M. — Lodge was instituted in
1871, during which year the members i)uilt a hall over Shupe's store.
Charter members — William E. Moore, William N. Kiddell, James E.
494 iiiSTor.v of iiowaki:) and ciiAPaxoN col'nties.
Owen, E. J. Rollins, Willis Kiil<lell, Doctor West, James Gutluidire,
C. M. Woods, A. W. Williamson, J. S. Daniels.
rrescnt oiiicers — A. F. Woods, W. M. ; D. W. Strickler, S. W. ;
WiUiiim ^[artii!, J. W. ; Eli Ward, lieasurer ; E. M. Shupe, secretary ;
W. N. Williamson, cliaplain : J. F. Osl.orn, S. D. ; E. L. Ilattield,
J. D. ; E. J. Rollins, tyler; J. ^\^ Saunders and Sidney Clemens,
stewards. Present mendiership, tliirty-Hve.
Mendon Lodge, No. l'-1;3, A. O. U. \\'., was organized in March
18S2, with the following charter mendjcrs : W. R. MoGreen, G. M.
W. ; r. R. Dunham. O. : Adonis Anderson, treasurer; Moses Mont-
gomery, R. ; J. D. Elevens, F. : J. V\'. Blakely, ■ — ; Finley Green,
I. N. Bond, receiver. The lodge is in a good and flourishing condi-
tion and numbers 116 members.
MlSSOria TOWNSHIP BOUNDARY.
This township has a less number of square rniles than any other iti
the counly. It is about five miles in width at its widest point, and lit-
tle more tlian a mile wide at its narrowest point. It is bounded on
the north by Bowling Green and Keytesville townships ; on the east by
Chariton township ; on the south b}^ Saline county, from which it is
separated by the Missouri, and on the west by Saline county.
PHY.SICAL KEATLKF.S.
Alost of the cultivated land of this townshiji cannot l)e surpassed in
fertility, but nearly all of it is, at times, overiiowed by extreme high
water from the Chariton and Missouri rivers. The township was at
one time covered with large timl)er, about half of which has been
cleared and put in cultivation. The ^Missouri river washes the entire
southern boi-dor of the town^^llip, and the grand Chariton river passes
through a portion of the eastern part of the same.
OLD SETTLERS.
Judge James Earickson and his In-other, Peregrine Earickson, set-
tled in the edge of Bowling Green prairie in Missouri township, in
1815, where they remained till 1824, when they moved to Howard
county. Judge Earickson was State ttiiasurer from 1829 to 1833.
Talton Turner settled in the townshii) about the same date. These
men were government contractors in beef for the Indians and soldiers
ms'joiiv OF iiowAun and ciiakiton countiks. 49o
oii the northern reservations. Judue Eariekson died at his home in
Howard eounty, of (.-aneer.
Lewis Price, Daniel liicliardson, Christoplicr Xoll, William E. Col-
son, James Ciuldv and Georjj:e Chapman were all early settlers.
COCKItELL TOWNSIIir P.OUNDAUV.
The townshij) is Imundeil on the noitli bv P>ee Branch township, on
the east I>\- Macon county and W'ayland lown.'-hip. on the sonth hy
AVayland and Keyle.-ville to\vnshi|)s, and on the west by Mnscle Fork
town>!iip.
PHYSICAL FEATLIIES.
Cockrell township lies on the nortli and west side of the Chariton
river ; its surface is made up of alternate hlutl's and lowlands with
timber intermixed. The soil is deep only in spots, but with the ex-
ception of the overflf)wed bottoms, is moderately productive. The
cereals, grasses and tobacco are grown in ccmsiderable f|nrtntities.
Stone is found in many parts of the townshi}) ; coal is also found, but
no mining has been done.
EARLY SETTLEKS.
The historj- of Cockrell township is embraced in that of Bee Branch
township, from which it was taken. Some of the settlers who have
been classed as the pioneers of Bee Branch township, now legitimately
belong to the new township of Cockrell. Some of the more recent
immigrants and settlers in this township are Isaac Smith, John Hise,
Jesse Montgomery, Kichard Wescote, Peter Krager, Eliza Scott, John
McSparren, John McCary and William Nelson.
The first mill built in the township, was erected by a man named
Hamlin, on the Chariton river in 1845, in the southwest part of the
township. This was a water mill. *
SCHOOL HOUSE AND CHURCH EDIFICE.
The pioneer church building of the township was erected bv the
united Baptists und Methodists in the year 1852, and was used a^ a
4d6
lllSTOKY OF HOWAUII AND CHAKITON COUNTIES.
churcli :uk1 school house. Jiimos Fitzgerald buill a saw mill on Bee
Braiuh in lStJ8.
I.KVEKS.
Owing to the crookedness and shallowness ol' the Chariton rivers
in Chariton county, the low lands bordering npon those strean.is have
been, during certain seasons of the year, subject to overflow. The
high waters cover not oidy u. huge area of land, but remain upon the
bottoms, oftentimes for days in succession, in some instances to the
detriment, and at all tiiues, to the inconvenience of those farmers who
are compelled to cross them.
Much of these overflowed lands might be recUiimed hy straighten-
ing these streams and deepening their channels. Judge Lucien Salis-
bury and Lewis Bartholomew, who own about 2,000 acres of land on
the Chariton river whirh is suiiject to overflow (sections G ami 7,
township .55 an.d range l(i, in Cockrell township), have snceessfnllv
tested the experiment of throwing u]) a levee or embankment, which
they commenced in the month of July, ]S8;>. The work is done Ijy
machinery aud is thrown up rapidly by horse power. The embank-
ment, when completed, will be two aud a half miles in length, fourteen
feet -wide at the base, eight feet wide on top, and from tour and a
half to five and a half feet in height, and will cost about $1.50 per
rod. It will be finished in September, 1883, and will protect 1,500
acres of hind from the overflows. Of course, it is needless to say,
that the land? which are covered in the sitring or fall with higli water
include some of the richest soil in Chariton county, aud everv efi'ort
should be made to reclaiiu them and prepare them for the use of the
husbandman. "
C II A P T E 11 XI.
MUSCLE FORK, WAYLAND, YELLOW CItEEK, CLARK AND SALT
CREEK TOWNSHIPS.
Muscle Fork Township — Boundary — Physical Features — Old Settlers — Killing of
Goodman Old ham — Izora City — Pedee — Cliaritou Lodce No. 513 — Way land Town-
ship — Boundary — Physical Features — Karly Settlers — Schools — Mills — To-
bacco Barnes —Prairie Hill — Yellow Creek Towaship — Boundary — Physical
Features — Early Settlers — Rothville — Secret Orders — Clark Township — Boun-
dary— Physical Features — Old Settlers — Westville — Secret Order — Business
Houses and Professional Men — Salt Creek Township — Early Settlers.
MUSCLK FORK TOWNSHIP IJOUNU.VUT.
This township is bomidci) on the north \iy Clark township, on the
east by Bee Biiinch township, on the soutii by Keytcsville township,
and on the west by Salt Creelv townsliip.
PHYSICAL FEATURF.S.
No tow usliip in the connty has a greater supply of water than Mus-
cle Fork. The surface of the same is veined with Long branch, ilus-
cle fork, Cottonwood creek and their triljutaries, which flow south
entirely through the township. The bind is thin and broken in some
places, and gently rolling and fertile in others. About one-third of
the township is timber. A large vein of coal was discovered in the
northeast part of the township, but has never been worked ; a thinner
vein has been worked in the southwest part. Plenty of lime and sand
stone is found.
OLD SKTTLEKS.
Among the old settlers of Muscle Fork township was Goodman Old-
ham, who was a native of ^ladison count}', Kentucky. In 1832 he
moved to Howard county, Missouri, and in LS33 to Chariton county,
where he lived until his d^^^atli, which occurred April .Ttli, 182.5. He
was killed in the town of KeytesviUe by Mordecai Lane. Oldham was
(41)7 )
49f^ TilSTORY OF ]!OV,'ARU AND CIIAIIITON COUXTIKS.
qiiietlv silting Ijy the fire ;U llie hotel where he was .*toj)pino-, when.
Lane opened the door and shot hiiu in tlie hack, i<iliing him instantly.
Oldham had puieha-ed some land from Lane and was to receive a war-
rantee i]eci]. The pavtnenit; on the land had all been made except the
last. Wiien OUliuuu demanded his deed. Lane could give him only a
ta.x-deed, as that was all the title he had. Oldham hronuht suit
against Lane for the recovery of his money, anil beeaust: of the litiira-
tion instituted \>y Oldham, I^ane, it was thouglit, killed him. lie was
suspected of ha\'ing coniniitted the deed, was arrested and confined in
jail to await his trial in the circuit c;)Urt. Two or three years passed
before he had his triad, raid when it occurred he was acquitted. Upon
his death bed, however. Lane confessed that he was the man who
kiileil Oldham, thus veril'ying the old saying, "murder will out."
Oldham left ten children, six Ijoys and four girls, all of whom lived to
be grown. Ilis widow Jived till March 8, 18X3, her husband havino-
been dead forty-eight years. John G. Oldham, who is another early
settler of the township, is the son of Goodman Oldham above named,
and Catherine Jackson, and was born in Laurel county, Kentucky,
October 9th, 1S22. Came wilh his father to Howard county, Mis-
souri, in 183:^, and bum tliere to Chariton county in L833. He
married Mrs. Nancy L. Lucas in Brunswick, Missouri, in
18-48, and to them have been born ten children. He entered
the Confederate army during General Price's raid, and was taken pris-
oner on the Kansas .State line. Was imprisoned at Fort ?^cott. Fort
Leavenw(jrth and at Caiuj) ^lorton, but was released in February,
1865, when he returned home, and has .since been engaged in fai-mins;.
J.ames Guthridge, a native of Fan<juier county, Virginia, where he
was born March 1, 181;;, came to Chariton county in April, 1831. He
v^as employed by James Ki.'ytc soon after his arrival, and was mail
carrier for some little time between old Chariton and Kevtesvillf . At
the time of his coming to Keytesville there were but a few settlers;
north and west there were no settlers, and from Keytesville' to Ross-
ville there was but one house. Mr. Guthridge is a large landed pro-
prietor. He erected a saw and grist mill in 18.31, at the town site of
Izora City, which is still in o[ieration. It is six miles from Kevtes-
ville. This was the tir^t mill in the township.
Peter Smith may be classed among the eaidy settlers. He was bora
in Germany, April 8, 183.5 ; came to the United States States in 1S39,
and after remainimr at Glasgow three years came to Chariton county,
where he has since resided and followed the occupation of a farmer.
HISTOKY OF JIOWAKD AND CilAKITOX COUNTIES.
49i»
His farm is large, well iniproved, and well adapted to the raising of
stoek, of which he has ii large number, including cattle, hogs and
sheep.
.)(.)hn ^^'eleh came among the [tioneers to Chariton county. lie was
a native of Kentucky, where he married .Matilda M. Cockerel. They
eniigrated first to Howard anti then to Chariton county. 1"lie\' lived to
;i ripe old age, having had fourteen children, eleven hoys and three
ofirls.
Mr. Welch was a soldier in the war of 1812, and was at the battle
of New Orleans, where he served as a faithful and gallant soldier.
He .suffered many privations and fatigues during that memorable cam-
paign under General Jackson. He often peeled bark from elm trees,
as high as he could reach with his bayonet toeat, this at times consti-
tuting his only food. He drew a pension until the date of his death,
which took place in September, 1S72.
Stokely Mott emigrated to Missouri at an early day from Kentuckv.
He is the father of Mrs. Edward B. Welch and still lives in Chariton
county. He came to Missouri in 1822. Edward B. \\'elch, who was
tlie tliirteentii child of .bdui and Matilda ^\'elch al)0ve named, is a
native of Chariton coLinty, \vhere he was born in Aj^ril, ISo'S. He on-
listed in the Confederate army in Jane, ISfJl. and was in General
Clark's division of Price's army. He was with General Price durini;-
his last raid into ^Missouri, and p:irticipated in all the battles ami skir-
nushes engaged in by the army at that tim^. He was also in the en-
gagement at Lexington, Missouri. Was captured while \\ith General
l'i-ice and confined in prison fifteen days, when he was released and
returned to his farm. He is an extensive stock raiser, making a
specialty of that iuisiness, and has also dealt largel\' in tobacco.
IZOKA CITY.
This town is located in Muselfi Fork township, the town site occu-
pying about ninety-tive acres of land. It was founded iu 1858, but
no plat of the town has ever been filed. The first store was opened
in the town by Charles Turner. In 1879 Doctor Hi(ks opened a drug-
store. Afthis time (l''>83) there are seventeen l>uildings in the town
including the mill, two general sfoi'es, one drug store, and two bhedc.
smitli shops. There are two halls — one erccte(.l by the P'ree ^lascuis
and the other by Mr. E. Irvine over his store. Mr. Irvine is owner
of much of thf town site. Tiic town was originally called (iuthridge
Mills. The post-ofiice is still called Guthridge Mills post-ottice.
500 HISTORY OF HOWAHD AND CHAKITOX COUNTIES.
CliariLoii Lodge. No. Til.j, A. F. & A. M., orjrMiiized June 17, 1882
M-ith the lolKiwiiig olHcers : O. B. Aiideisoii, Vr. M. ; E. D. Heisliey
S. ^^^ ; J. L. Eid.son, J|-., M' . ; James Giitliridti'c, treasiirei-: J. F
VadL'ott, serretary ; Wiilian; I'rice, S. 1). ; James KoJgers. J. D.
Jacol) Mvers, tvler. and \va^ s(;t to work by Ledoii Silvev, O. D. G
M., Salisliiiry, Mo., on the date above meuticiDed. Received it-
charter at the hist session of the Grand Lodire, in (,)ctob(>r, 1882
The following officers were elected and hold otHce now : (j. B. Au
derson, W. M. T E. D. Hershey, S. W. ; J. L. Eidson, J. W. : Janie;
Guthridgc, trcasui'er ; G. C. Crouch, secretary; William Price, S
•D. ; A. J. Darrah. J. D. ; F. M. Bash, tyler. Names of .hartei
members: O. B. Anderson, E. D. Hershey, J. L. Eidsoii. William
Price, James Guthridge. J. F. Padgett. Jacob ifyers, A. J. Darrah,
Abncr Musgroves, Roval Chailwii'k, W. G. AVoolsev, and Jame^ K'od-
ger. Present membersliip, twenty-seven.
This place was commenced in 1877, the tirsl building being erected
by the Grangers, the up[)er story^ being used as a hall by that order,
and tlie lower story occupied b}' Pound & Welch as a ?tore-room.
A number of good Ijuildings have been erected, and the town is im-
proving, with a prospect of becoming a fair busuiess point. Idiere are
at present three stores, general merchandise, a drug store and a gro-
cer j.
WATLAND TOWNSHIP BOUXDAUY.
Wayland township is bounded on the north by Bee branch, on the
east by JNIacon and Ilandol[>h counties, on the south bv Salisbury
township, and on the west by Keytesville and Bee Branch townshi|)s.
PHYSICAL FEATUKES.
About all the water supply afforded the township, is obtained from
the Ciiariton river and one small tributary. Its surface consists
mainly of a rich, geutly .rolling prairie, admirably adapted to all the
cereals, especially wheat, of whicli a vast amount is produced. The
HISTOKV OF HOWAIM) AM> CHAIHTON C<:)rMIKS.
rm
soil is deep and riol;. Al>oiit oiio-fuinth ot" the lownship is subject to
overfli>w ; about three-l'ouitiis of the s:iine is prairie. No coal has
;i^ yet been developed and no stone of nnv importance.
It has an area of about thirty-nine square miles.
EAKI.Y SKTTI.I:KS.
The original settlers of "\Va\'land town.ship, were generally from
Kentucky, Tennessee and "\'irginia.
Among the early pioneers was l^evi Fawks, Sr., a native of Georgia.
lie married a Miss Wliite, of North Carolina, in Wilson couutv.
Tennessee, in ISOlj. Tliey came to St. Charles county, ilis.souri, in
1817. Tliev moved theme to Callaway county, in 182.3, and linally
settled in Chariton county, in April, 182."^. ]Mr. Fawks settled what
is known as the G. G. Dameron [dace, wdiere he lived for several
years. Tiiere was no white man living nortii of him at that time.
While Mr. L'ameron v.as residing at tiie place, and wdiile he was
absent from his home, on an ^-xpedition ag-iin-Jt the Indians, Mrs.
l^aincron placed two of her oldesl children on the house-top t(j look
out for the Indian-. At anotlier time she carried the (ddldren into
a corn-field and spent the night, being afraid to remain in the cat/ni,
where she would be exposeil to the tomahawk and scalping-knife of
the red man. The familv -ubsequenth' cros-ed the Middle Fork of
the Chariton river, and lived for ten vears at Fawks' Mill. Mr.
Fawks and hi- wit'e liavr been dead nnniy years. They had eleven
children, whose names were as fidlows. in the lU'der of theii' ages:
Malissa. William, Mary, .Sabrimi, Alfred. Edward, Levi, Nancy.
Littlcburg. Josephine and George : some of them were born in Ten-
nessee, others in Missoui'i. Four of these are now living, Alt'red.
Edward. Nancv anil GeorL'e ; all in Chariton county and near each
other. The last to die >>{' this family of brothers and sisters was
Levi Fawks, Jr., whose death occurred in March, 1883. Levi and
his brother Alfred lived on a farm near Prairie Hill, which they
settled about forty years ago. The t'amilv is a nnmertuis one, the
children :uid grandchildren numbering nunc than one hundred pei-
sons now living.
Thomas Hart was also an earlv settler.
Robert Dunn, came early.
Benjamin Coleman, was a pi<incer and huilt the second house in
the township.
34
502 iiistoi:y or iiowaiu) and chai;ito\ counties.
Tiiltou Barnes, Elias B;u-iie:5 and Abnibniii Barnes were among
the first etnigTjmts, and located on Barnes' brunch.
P. M. Sears and J. C. Sears settled on the prairie. ■ John Danieron
wa« atuoiig tlic old settlers. Eli \VayIand came from Virginia and
settled in the east part of the township.
Prol)al)lv the lii'st scliool-luuise erectetl in the township, was the
^Ya_vland scliool-liou-e. The Prairie Hill church was the first house
of worship built in tin.' town>hi[), and was put u}) about the }ear 185'J.
The jiioncor mill was of a mcu'e recent date, and was built in 187.",
on the Grand Chariton river, bv Joseph Sims. After ruiming tliis
mill a few years, as ;i saw-mill, Mr. Sims added bnhrs.
Aliout three-quarters of a mile east of the present town of Prairie
Hill, L. T. Fawks built a lai-ge tobacco barn, in I'^To. He had, how-
ever, been dealing in tobacco at this place ever since the close of the
war of 18fil. He operated also a general store at this point until the
to\vn of Prairie Hill was started ; this is the name of a post-ofSce,
the only one in the township, and was established about the year
1878. Since that lime, three or four business houses have been built.
The land upon which the first store \vas erected was owned by E. H.
Fawks. ^^■llo sold to James Foster, ^vho began merchandising in 1878.
Jjimes Farris, Iniilt the next business and dwelling house. There are
now three general stores, one drug store, and a l>lacksmith shop, at
Prairie Hill.
YF.LLOW CKKElv TOWNSIUI' BOINDAKV.
This one of tlie northern tiers of townships and is bounded on the
north by Linn, county, on the east by Clark township, on the south
bv Salt Creek township, and on the west by Cunningham townshi[).
PHYSICAL FEATLKE.S.
The area of the township is thirty-six square miles, and consists of
jirairie of considerable extent and large groves interspersed. Most
of the hind is of fine medium quality. Some of it is the best of land.
Some coal is mined : there is much stone but little use is made of it.
About one-third of the township is timbered. The east and west
forks of Yellow creek, with otiier tributaries of the same stream, are
found in this township. Three branches of this stream (Yellow
creek) unite at the town of llothville and form the main branch.
HISTORY OF HOWARD AXD CHARtTON COUXTTES.
5<)H
HOTIIVILLE.
This town was laid out by John Kotii, on west half, section 20,
township '>6, lango 10, ami tho plat was tilotl in ISR?). The first
Imsiness house was built in the place in IHUS, l)v Mr. — Bristol.
Mr. Ivoth commeneed i)usiiie.ss in one end of iiis dwellinir house the
same year. Hristol was the first postmaster, i-eceivini'- liis appoint-
ment in istjs. H. K. Custer erected a Imsiness bouse in the spring
of 1S7(». The business of the tov.-n is done at this time by Kiddle &
Johnson, drugs, etc. ; Ingram vS: HoUoway, general merchants ; L. M.
Angert, harness shop ; liiddcll & Allen, flouring mills. There is
also a blacksmith and a wagon m:d<er in the town.
SKCKET ORDERS.
Lodge A. O. U. W., organized at Rothville in May, IS.SO, with the
following cliarter members : Doctor Ingram, James liiddell, C. E.
Allen, K. G. Allen, O. H. Woods, D. B. Allen, T. J. L. Hutchison,
\V. S. Lock, E. C. Lock, W. R. Million. William Campbell. The
lodge has a membership of thirty-tive.
CHURCHES.
Roihvilli- (.'Jifistian Clmrch. — Organized about the year 1871,
by Elder Sandy E. Jones. The origimd members were ^Villiam
Henderson and \\ite, A. Johnson and wife and M. M. Johnson and
wife. Present member>liii), seventy. J. M. Wright, of ]Macon
City, was the preacher of this church for about nine vcars. Elder
J. P. Furnish is the present pastor. Sci-vices are lield hy this
church at the Baptist church edifice.
Yellow Creek Baptist Chtirch. — Located at Rothville, organizetl in
1853, by Rev. Thomas Allen. Original members: Mrs. Sophia E.
Jones and two daughters, Mrs. Martha H. Turinau, Charles E. Allen
and wife, 'I'homas E. Waugh and wife. The church disbanded in 18t)2
and reorganized in 18l)5. The church editico was erected in 1871-72,
and cost about $2,000. Present membership, 125. Rev. S. H.
Morgan is the pastor in charge.
504 IIISTOKY or HOWAKI) AM> CIIAIUTON COCNTIKiS.
CLAIUC TOWNSHIP BOUNDARY.
Clark township is lioiimled on thu iioith by Linu county, on the
east I)y Bee Branch and Wayhvud townships, on the south liy Musoh'
Fork towiiship, and on the west l)v Yelif>w Creek townshii).
rUVSICAL FKATURES.
This township is permeated by a number of streams, among which
are Locust and Clark brauelies and Muscle fork. The soil is ])artly
good and partly inditlcrent ; the township however, has a careful iiu>\
thrift}' populytion '.vho arc putting their lands in a good state of cul-
tivation. About one-third of the hind is timber. A deep vein of
coal is know to e,\ist in tlie southeast corner. Both lime and s;ind-
stone are found, but ncne :!S yet have been quarried. The tov7nshi[)
contains thirty-six square miles.
OLD SKTXr.KUS.
Henry Chu'k, who came trom Kentucky at a very earlv dav, about
1820, and settled on Clark's bianch, was one of tlic first settlers in
the township. He was revered (or his piety and strict integrity. The
branch upon which he located, and the township were named after
him. Wm. W. Vincent, ^[itchel Maupiu, Wm. Maupin, 1. K. Ste-
phenson, .\rthur Withers, Richard Gri!l)l)s, George Adanv-, Henrv
Hainds, Harrison Lock, S. F. Akcrs, David and Beverly Long, Doctor
AVm. S. \Ycst, Stephenson Hederick, Tlioinas Bell, Samuel Yduul'',
Wm. Beardon, Pink lliley, dames I'atton, Joel Slewson, H.Avell
Pipi)en and V\'m. C. UoUy (the latter was captain of the compaiiv of
men wlm enlisted in the Mexican war from Chariton countv), all of
whom were among the early emigrants to the township.
WESTVILLK
was laid out in August, ls,"i7, by Doctor Wm. S. West, on the sin.lli-
east southwest of Sec. 2i', T. .iC, 11. IS. The tirst business house was
erected by Smith and Hagler. Parson Savage and Charles Riot.-
were also among the pioneer !)usines3 men. The tirst physician and
postmaster was Doctor Wm. S. West.
IIISTOKY or HOWAKU AND CHAKITON COUXTIES. 505
Westviile Lodge, No. 202, A. F. c*i A. M. Chuitered in 1858, with
the following Diemher.s : -I.E. Disard, \V. [I. Calii&on, N. A. Langston,
Wm. Vinson, Doctor A\'. S. West, William Smith, DeWitt Hainds, 1
K. Stephenson. Lodge \vasdi<eontiniiod in 18G3; new charter granted
in 1866, with A. N. Langston, W. .Ni. : W. S. We^t, Jr. W. ; J. F.
Smith, Sr. W. ; A. G. Brooks, Sr. D. ; Berry Owens, Jr. D. ; K. H.
Grnbhs, tj'ler ; \V. H. C'allison, secretary.
Present membership 49. The lodge is out of debt, has $300 in
the treasury, and owns the Ijuiiding wliere its meetirigs are held.
BI'SINESS IKjI'SES AND PKOFKSSIOXAL MEX.
3 <reneral stores, two of which sell 1 blacksmith shop,
drugs, 1 hotel,
1 furniture store, 3 physicians.
SALT CREEK TOWNSHIl' BOUNDARY.
Salt Creek township takes its name from a stream bearing that
name, and is bounded on the north by Yellow Creek townshi[), on the
east by Muscle Fork township, on the south ))y Keytesvilie and Bruns-
wick townships and on the west by ilendon township.
PHYSICAL FEATITKES.
The township is thirty-six miles sqniire, and contains, perhaps, loss
water than ain' other township in the county. Hickor\ branch and
Salt creek have their sources in the township. The township is
mostly prairie, the groAos of timber comprising only about one-sixth
of its entire area. The east half of the township is broken and rocky ;
the west half is one of the finest prairie portions of the county. Coal
is mined to some extent. Lime and sandstone are found.
EARLY SETTLERS.
James Demsey settled on Salt creek in March, 1841, and was t'rom
Howard county. William Johnson arid Jackson Allen were also from
Howard county and were old settlers.
50 b
HISTOICY OF HOWARD AM> CIIARiTOX COUNTIKS
The Misl settlement at White Oak Grove was nuule \>y James and
Sallie Smitii, Irish people, about the year 183(1 or 1838.
From all accounts, the first settler in Salt Creek township was a
man bv the name of Jenkins. FIc built a cabin on the main road
near the centre of the townsldp where he remained a tew \ear3 and
sold to James Demjisey, Sr., above mentioned. Dem|)sev was a man
of considerable note. He occupied Jenkins' cabin and added much lO
its capacity, finally makinji' out of it a country tavern, which became
a favorite stoppinj:- place. About the same time came Francis Moss,
Hamilton Breeze and William Fox, an Englishman. William T.
Guthudc, a Vira:inian, settled Hickory Grove. David AVoods, came
from Howard county amomj the early settlers and made a settlement
at Hickory Grove. Salt Creek township was one of the best hunting
grounds in the county, deer especially being in great abundance until
the breaking!: out of the late civil war.
CHAPTEE XII.
Newspapers — Public Schools and I'osl-offices — The Reporter — The Bmnsioioker —
Central Cit'j — Centra! City Brunsv.-icker — Werklij Bnmswicker — Carriers ki-
dress — The R/ixfi/ican — Tbe iN'Cics — The Chariton County Union — The Keytes-
ville //eroM— Chariton Co!(r('ec — Chariton County A'/i^ij-prise — Salisbury Frrss —
Spectator -- Pr.-.i^s-Spcct.itor — Salisbury Chronicle — The Ga'!-I.ioht — Public
Schools — Their History and Pre^ient Condition — I'ost-otlices.
NEWSPAPEHS.
The lir-<t ncwspaiiei- tliiit was published in Chariton comity wus
called the Rf-portei-. It was a weekly paper and was cstahlished in
1847, by J. T. Quescidierry, who, after runiiinji' it several months,
sold to Doctor Jolm II. Bltic & Co., who, on the Hth of Octolier,
1847, l>eL;'an the publication of the Britn^vi<:ker,A\\<l continued to own
and edit that [laper until IS.^l, when he sold the same to Casper W.
Bell. Soon after Hell pnreliased the paper Willis II. Pliinkctt became
a part owner and eontinued as stich until the paper was sold in l^biy
to O. D. Ilawkin-. who sold to R. II. .Mnsser. After a little more than
a year Mnsser sold to Dr. H. W . Cross, who consolidated the paper
with the C( ntral Cif;i, and changed the ii.ame to Ccufral Citij Britns-
Wicl-i i\ which name was retained until ISiKi, when the name of
Wei'kli/ Brnnsirii-kfr was resinned. Doctor II. W. Cross, in 1858,
sold to Robert C. Hancock, who continued to be the owner until 18(>2,
when he sold to Doctor J. F, Cunnin;j;ham. In the spring of 18(54 Cun-
ningham sold to Robert C. Hancock, and in the fall of 18i)5 Hancock
sold to Ctmningham & Winslow, who continued its publication till the
.summer of 186(5, wdien it was imblished by Naylor ct Balthis, who ran
it together until 187."). At this time J. 15. Na} lor purchased Balthis's
interest and rai\ the paper until IS'^^n, when he snhl to Kinsley, Wal-
Uxce lit Taylor. After a slunt time Taylor withdrew, and from that
time until the present (August, 188."5), the paper has been owned and
editeil h\ Kinle\' & ^\'allace.
(507)
508 Hl-^TOUY OF lli;>\VAKD AND CilAKITON COUNTIKS.
We had tho nlHUt-ure of ox;iuiiniiiL' the riles of the BrH>i!<wicker
from tlie dute ol' it.> first issue to 1853. It \v;is not only ;ihly edited
and sparkling with wit and liiiinor, hut its selections trf)m other |)apei.s
we)-e culled with care ;ind taste. It was neutral in politics.
CAIIRIEHS" ADDHESS.
The following address was prepared by the editor of the Bvuns-
wicker, and was delivered to the patrons of that paper, b}' the carrier,
on the morning of January 1, 18-18. Ic-^ antiquity, its literary mer-
its and historical references to the current events of that day and
time, entitle it to a place iu this history.
, Good morning, pretty girls,
Good morning, ladies fair, ■
Good morning, gentlemen
The Brunswickrr carrier
Wishes a happy New Year to you all,
And therefore makes an early morning call.
There was a death last uight —
The death of the old year;
/ He was old and full of days;
And his memory is dear;
But his 'oss is little to you and me.
When the New Year promises more than he.
From v;eek to weel^ the Bmn^irirker
Has been a faithful chronicler
Of how times sped, and how goods sold,
And how trade turned itself to gold.
Transmuted by the enterprise
Of men who toil and advertise.
When the clock struck twelve last night.
The editor sat by the cold fire light,
And the forms of the shadow}- past
Crowded upon his vision tii>t,
As one by one he conned tliein o'er, —
Alas I how many are no more !
And some are afar, and some ^rown cold,
And few appear as they did of old.
But the light of their presence lingers still —
Their musical tones are on tlie ear,
Sweeter, as in the distance will
The far-off tones of tlie lute appear.
HISTOKY OF IIOWAKIJ AND CHAUITON COUNTIF.S. 509
The old year Foi-ty-SevL'ii
Will stand on the historic page,
. As brisrht as a star in heaven —
The cynosure ol the aae !
The fami-^hin!; East it h;'.s blf at —
It has siven the Mexicans thunder,
And the lightning line to tlie west,
And the nations begin to wonder
What the Yankees will be doing next.
Why if they stick to their text.
They may make the next President,
The ruler of the Continent.
Scott has the Keyes of Mexico,
A kind of St. Feter there, you know.
To let in the Yankee race to revel
In Montezuma's bails.
And keep the Mexicans like the devil.
In p^i^on walls:
Old Zach is covered with glory.
Till the school boy knows the story,
And the name of iJoniphan,
Is as famous as Xeuiphon;
And the laurels of I'rice, so green.
Will thicken still I ween.
Til! Missouri's ciiivairy
Shall be the watchword of the free.
There is music to-aay and mirth,
For a new year has its birth ;
And well we may calculate
Our vast events in Forty-Eight,
For the spirit of liberty
lias revisited sunny Italy,
And the good old Pope has spoken
As Jesns did, again
To the nations, peeled and broken,
"Ye .\re mkx."
And they burst their galling chains,
Wherever oppression reigns.
Hail, Republic of Liberia!
The germs of our own planting.
Where the sous of Africa,
No more our succor wanting.
Have made themselves as free
And as promising a home.
Upon their native shore, as we
Can find in Christendom.
510 HUSTOKY OF HOWARD AM) ClIAKITON COUNTIES.
There is news from Wasliiciiton —
Tlie great men of tlie nation
Have put tlic bij; pot on, >
And Coni:rpss is in session.
They'll make a President or two;
They'll trot the war horse thro' and thro';
They'll cut and carve for Jonathan
More liuncoml) woriv', than I can pen.
But take the Brunsw ickcr,
And you shall have it every week,
As fast as the telegraph.
And the lightning can speak.
0 yes, take the paper,
Yon cannot refuse,
For there's not a caper,
But is found in the news.
When people marry,
Or when they die,
Or the lu.iils miscarry,
Or politician.s lie.
Or a boat blows up.
Or a bank makes a miss,
The press shows up
The thine as it is;
And what it does not mention.
Is not worthy your attention.
Brunswick city is growins; apace,
And the Grand river valley is fair
As a lovely girl, who has washed her face
And combed her silken hair.
The farmer reaps a hundredfold.
And the market's not far away.
And still the Benton mint-drops of gold
Are increasing every day.
The merchant is adding to his store.
The mechanic to his wealth,
And the lawyer and doctor too, no more
Perhaps — than is for our health.
The man who will not believe his eyes,
When his Oregon fever co(;!s,
Will find he has swapt off a paradise.
For the paradise of fools.
1 would say mnre, but c.in't express
All that I would in my tirst address.
Xot much is the time I get to play.
Not many the dimes for a holiday;
But a quarter would buy me many a toy.
And make very thankful the Printer Boy.
Hli^TOUY OF HOWAUn AXI> CHAKITON (iiUNTlFS. 511
The R,:pithiav.H wii.s started in Miuvh, 1.S7'), l.y 0. T. P.eatty. who
ran it ubout six months. In October, IST.'), tiie BepuhUcan was suc-
ceeded i)V the yrws, with Chiirles R. Luster as editor and proprietor.
Tlie Xews is Kepni)lic:in in politics, and is an eight colnnin, weekly
paper.
The Chariton county LJnion, Kepulilican in politics, was the lirst
newspaper published at Kcytesville. It was established in ISti"', by
Wm. E. Maynard, who is the present editor of the Moberly llend-
Ihjht.
The Kevtesville Herald, the next paper in succession, was founded
by Thomas D. Bogie, in 1S71. In 1874, Bogie sold to Wru. E. Jones,
and Jones sold to J. H. Hudson, who changed the name of tlie pajier,
in June, IST.S. to Chariton Co(n-/e;-, which is now edited and pub-
lished l)y Vandiver & Collins.
The Chariton county Enterjivixp was started in June, 1S82, by J.
H. Groves, who published the same at Keytesville until October, 1SS2,
when he removed to Cunningham, Chariton county, where he now
continues to publish the same as the Chariton county Enfirprise.
Salisbury /'/r.vs (Democratic), started by J. ?kl. Gallemore June 1,
1871, consolidated with the Spectator (Democratic) July 15. 1881.
and became the Press- Spectator, which name it now carries under the
same management and same politics.
The Spectator was established in November, 1880, by R. M. ^^ d-
liams and Whitlield Williams and continued by them until July. 1881,
when the consolidation above referred to occurred.
The Chariton county Enterprise (Democratic) was established by
J. M. Groves March 15, 1882, who continued the same for a period
of si\ months, when he moved his paper to Kcytesvillc.
The Salisburv Chron/ete was commenced Feliruary 1. 188.'], by W.
X. Thompson, who eontinucd it for three months, when it susjiended.
Democratic in politics.
THE GAS LIGHT.
The above was the name of a paper published in manuscript form,
in Kevtesville, in June, 1850. The paper was neutral in religion and
politics, and was edited by Timothy Timbertoes and Samuel Sugar-
stick. Of course the names of the editors arc fictitious, but the Ga-<
Light was a living reality and survived for nearly a year, to the en-
tertainment and amusement of scores of [)ersons who read it. 1 he
512 HISTUKT OF HOWAUO AND CHARITON COLNTIES.
hitppeninLT^ :uid saving? and doings oF the littlf town and neighlior-
hood were all faithfully garnered and published by the Gatt Lifjld.
If there occurred a dance in that locality, a record of it was made in
the Gas Light. If a quilting party or shooting match came off, the
particulai's were given in the Gas Ligltt. If a wedding took place, it
was mentioned in a rcchercht manner in the (t«.s LigJd. The bride
was the special theme for highest eulogium, and the wedded pair al-
ways elicited the Gas Light' s warmest wishes for their future h:ippi-
ness. In fact, the Gas Light, like the good mirror, reflected not onl}-
the redoubtable editors' views of matters and things, but reflected as
well on poimlar subject*, the will of the people.
PUBLIC SCHOOLS.
Our State Constitution lays down as the very foundation of society
and good government the following principle: "Schools and the
means of education shall forever be encouraged in this State. One
school or more shall be e.-fablished in each township, as soon as prac-
ticable and neccssaiv, where the poor ?ha!l i)e taught gratis."
Thus we find, in the fundamental law of Missouri, the plain and
unequivocal announcement of tiie principle that every State is bour.d
to see that its citizens are educated. It is a voluntary avowal of the
fact that the happiness, wealth an<l prosperity of a nation must de-
pend on the intelligence and virtue of the people.
In the act of Congress (1820) authorizing the people of Missouri
territory to form a constitution and State government, the si.xtcenth
section of each townshii), or its equivalent, was devoted to the pur-
pose of su[)porting schools in each town-hii).
Twelve s;dt springs, with si.\ sections, or thirty-eight hundred and
forty acres of land adjoining each, were also granted to the State,
and those were afterward devoted by the Legislature to the same ob-
ject.
The first act passed by the Legislature of the State on the subject
of education was on the 17th of January, 1825. This law enacted
thateach congressional township should form a school district, to be
under the control of the county court in all matters pertaining to
schools. It also declared that all rents (of school lands), fines, pen-
alties and forfeitures accruing under provisions of this act, should be
set apart and appropriated exclusively to a school fund, and in no
case should it be otherwise applied.
JIISrOKY OF )10\VAI;L) and CIIAItiTON COUN'ilES. .") ] 8
JaiHKiry i'8, 1833. tlic Legislnliire authorized t!i'; Govenior to a;)-
poiiit three .suit:ilile [)errfons, whoso duty it should l)c to prei):irc :i
system of prini.iry sehoul instruction, as nearly uniform as pruetiea-
hle, throughout the State, and to inai^e rep(jrt for tlie next nieetini;
of the Legislature.
By aet ol June 23, ISod, the office of Suj)erintendent of Coniniou
Scliools was tirst created. Peter G. Glover was the tirst to till this
office. He was rcfpiired in the month of January of each year, to
make distribution of the "school luouevs"" amongst the several
counties in which there may he any school, based upon the numl>erof
white children between the ages of six and eighteen years.
During the session of 1853, a committee composed of Acock, of
Polk County ; Hickman, of Boone ; and Kellev, of Hult couiitv, l»\
authority ot' the Legislature, matured and [ircsented to that liod\- the
law in force on the statute book, up to the .passage of the second
State Coii.-'titnlion, and witli some modiiieatioiis substantiallv the
same as exists to-day (18'Sl). The tirst distril)atioii ol' State school
moneys was made ia .lanuary, 1842, when onl}' thirteen counties
received any portion of the fund. These were ]!enton, Boone, Glark,
Cole, Cooper, Greene. Lat'ayette, Livingston, Marion, Monioe,
Rall.s, Saline and Shelby. The aggregate amount of this apportion-
ment was $1 ,91iy.(iC>. The numlier of children in tlie rc[iort here
fails to a;i[)eai-. In' 1859, the niinilier of children reiiorted was oiJT,-
248, and the amount ap[)ropriated, $253,4t) 1 .1 2.
One of the earliest educatioinU conventions, hehl in Xorthwe~t
Missouri, was during the year 1844, in Buchanan county. Its objei-t
was to discuss the bcnelits accruing to tlie teacher tVom teachers' in-
stitutes and associations, and to devise the best means for the mutual
iniprovemeut of teachers. The reiuarks made at tiiat meeting b\' a
Mr. Stratton, a teacher himself, upon the sul)ject of teaidier^'
ventious will, doubtless, be read with interest b}- tho-e who
engaged in the same pursuit now (1883). Mr. Stratton saitl :
How >hall teachers liecome better pre[)are(j tor their i)rofes^
How can they lie continually improving their minds ;ind their systems
of instruction? And how bhall every teach(n- receive the light which
the more experienced are constantly throwing \i\>on the t-ubjcct of
instruction? We know ot no means so common to all, and so favor-
able, us county couvenlious of teachers. Heretofore there has been
but little communication between teachers. The imi)rovenients
which one has made have not been made known to others ; the in-
IliMN coli-
S^lDIl .
514 nisTOf;v of jio\vai;i> and chauito.v ((iuntiks.
coiii()oteiicy of teitclior:^, ;in<] tlie Icul ftlc'cts of teacher hfive not heeii
iii.-ulo to elovatu and lionor their })rofes.sioii. Other chisses ot men
have had their conventions — men of iscience, niinistei's and .statesmen,
to insure enlightened ;ind united operations, appoint tiieir conven-
tions to ledr.'ss wrongs, to correct errors, and make known ti]e im-
provements and aiile ^ULTgestions tliat may he discovered or piopost'd
by any one of tlie [)arty.
'J'he wisdom and experient'c of tiiese conventions m^it only eidighten
the people and ,>it in judgment upon their eri-ors, l)ul produce through-
out the whole country similarity of feeling and harmony of ctl'orts for
the peace of the church, the advancement of science and the prosper-
ity of the country.
Such conventions are absolutely necessary, hut are not convfutions
of teachers ecpially as neci's.sary for the prosperity of our schools?
Does not the difficulty and responsible position of teaching require
all the light and knowledge that can be obtained on the subject?
Does not the in!:oiui>cIeiKy of teachers iu\ite ail the aid that can be
obtained on this subjert? Does not the incompetency of teachers
invite all the aid that can bo furnisheti I'rom those who are l>etter
qualified by experience and fnun other literary' men?
"Certaiulvl " (.■•I'ery one will say, "such assistance is highly im-
portant : it would alford that necessary aid v.'hich teachers now have
no means of obtaining."
Yet so great is the apathy of the jieople that we seldom hear of a
teachers' convention. 1'he introduction of a teachers' convention, it
seems, has but just found it^ wav into Missouri. Hence but a small
number of our teachers have been profited by thcmi. But how shall
teachers improve themselves, if not by such conventions?
Works on edticatiiui ha\'e a verv liinilcd circulation. Sol one
teacher out of a hundred re.-ids anythinir on the subject : n(M' will thev
read befoi'e the living voice exxucises their attention. There are but
few seminaries for educating teachers, and rarely a lecture delivered
on schocd-keeping. Teachers are seldom qualified when they enter
into the profession, and they have neither tlie assistance of teachers
in the vicinity nor intelligence from abroad, either from books or the
speaking lecture. This should not be so. There are many means
which teachers may use to prepare themselves for their profession and
for improvirig themselves while engaged in their duties; and we know
of none so advantageous to teachers, and that is attended with so
little expense and within reach of all, as fret]uent county conventions.
HISTOUY OF nOM'Ai;i> AND ClIAIilTO.N COUNTIKS. 51")
If these are generally aiuiouuced and faithfully attended, they will
not only be highly interesting to teachers, but of the greatest benefit
io our sehools. The}- should be attended not only bj' teachers, but
bv all the friends of education ; each individual should go prepared
ti) contribute to their interest and usefulness and with a hearty desire
to promote the general cause ol' education. Each county association
should liave a correspondence with similar associations in atljacctit
counties and so Ihroughout the United States. By this connnunica-
tion all the improvements or changes which have l>eeu nuule may be
made known. !t should be the oWJect of these conventions and com-
munications with other associations to di.scover tlie origin of the
defects in the present system of instruction, to ascertain the actual
condition of schools throughout the United States, who are in school,
and the number who do not use the means of education. To ascer-
tain the true interest which parents are taking in educating their
children, to convince the people of the necessity of general intelli-
gence in a free government, and to make known the duties which
every one owes to the free institutions of his country. The mutual
imjjrovemeut of teachers is one of the tirst objects of these (uunen-
tions. To render this mutual instruction each teacher bel'orc the con-
vention should describe his system of instruction and his form of
government. Fronj this iuterchaniic of views on the best methods
of teaching and governing nviny valuable suggestions will be elicited
and uuiuy evils and defects disclosed. Individuals should \)C appointed
to deliver lectures before these conventions, the object of the lectures
l)eing either to illustrate or simplify the branches which are taught in
our schools, or to make known the best methods of instructing.
These, with many other advantages, too numerous to mention, are
the happy results of county teachers' conventions.
These institutes have been continued down to the lu-escnt time
( 1883), and have accomplished great good. They have not only been
the means of bringing together the teachers from the different sec-
tions of the county for an interchange of thought and feeling, thus
binding them more closelv in the i>ouds of sympathy and social feel-
ing, but they have materially aided in the practical methods of im-
parting instruction and simi)lifying the lessofis of the school-room
and economizing time.
Perhaps no county in the State possesses a larger public school fund
than is to be Ibund in Chariton county, or a better system of free
schools, extending through all the rural districts of the county. The
516 HISTOKV OF H0\VAI;D AND CHARITON' COUNTIES.
extensive land grants made by the general government to the State of
Missouri for free school purposes, including each sixteenth section of
land, together with all the lands known as swamp and overllowed
lands, whicli, under the laws of Z^Iissoiiri are given to the eonnties in
which they lie, furnishes a fund sufiieient to maintain a good free
school in each school district in the county for at least four months in
each year, and un<k'r our law the public school in each district [nav
be continued as much longei- as may be desired by a voie of the
people in each district at their annuai meeting, tixing the time and
rate of taxation I'cijuirevl for tliat purpose.
There are in Chariton county 114 school districts, including: two
village schools, one at Brunswick and the other at Salisburv. Our
people, fully recognizing the inestimable importance of the education
of their children, have erected suitable school-houses in all the school
districts in tlie county, in which there are now about S,S90 children
being educated.
The principal of the school fund of the county now amounts to the
sum of §1.50.0.30.11, which. l)y tiie hiwsof the State, is held under the
management of the county coui'l, and required to be loaned al tlie
highes; legal rati of inlerest on prime real and personal securitv, the
proceeds derived therelVom to be a[)[i!ied annually to the support of
the public schools.
Chariton county has reason to l)e pioud of lier public school fur.d.
There is but one county in Missouri, that lias a Lrreater amount to the
credit of this fund than Chariton. This is the county of Jasper,
which has $240,387. -21. The city of St. Louis ha> $1,.j2S,5o1.07.
The total amount of public funds received from all sources and dis-
bursed by Charitcm county tor pulilic school purposes last year was
$3.S,0Gi;.G;'i.
In addition to tlie puldic school fund now hehl by the county court
of Chariton count}- in lionds and money, the county holds thousands
of acres of lauds donate'! for school i)Ui-poses, as well a.:, other valuable
lands received on the foreclosure of mortgages for debts due to the
public school fund, any of which can i)e bought at reasoirable prices
and on easy terms, a general ride of the court being that when the
purchaser pays one-til'ili of the purchase money down, and properly
secures the remainder, he can have as much time in which to pay the
balance as he may desire, by promptly paying the interest annually
for the support of the public schools in the very township his land
may be located. Much of the school lands thus held by the county
is of the very richest quality, and scarcely a meeting of the court
HIS! our OF IIOWAKD AND CHAIIITON COUNTlK>. 517
|)a<S(.v-i wiihout selliiiir more oi' less of those lands on the teniis; above
iiulienlefl. to actual settlers as well as to speculators.
The tir.-t Si'lioil eoinniissioiicr of [luhlie schools for Chariton count}'
was appointed hy the cdUiitN' court, in l."^-")4. B. F. (^'awley was the
ai)i)oinlee and was rea]ipoi;it(>d in hS-^ti (the term of service heinp; two
veai's). and served unlil JSOO, wluMi the law made the oflice an elective
one. Crawley was succcetled l)y Jcihn Hannah, who was elected in
18()0, Inir di'.l not serve out ids term, on account of entering the
arinv. During the continuance of the war, the otEce and its duties
devoiveil u[)oii the countv clerk. In ISGii, Jackson Bock was electe<l
and served two terms. The county clerk then tilled the otBce from
1S70 to I'STl', wIk'U Alfred Mann was eh'cted and has since sei-ved
cohtinuou-lv, he lieing now the !^cllo(ll commissioner of the county.
The enumcr.ations for 1882 is as follows:
Numher of white persons between (5 and 20 years of age. —
Male (white) 3,928
Male (colored) . . - 635
Fcmaie ( whiie) . . o,720
Female ( cnl(ired) ........ 587
Tf>tal 8,890
Cash on hand in Aiu'il, 1882. —
Amount of revenue received from State bv auditor's war-
rant of 1.S82 $(i,515.15
Amount received t'rom county fund in 1882 (intei-est on
notes and bonds) ....... !t,OSU.42
Amount of re\eiiiif rereiv'cd from township funds in ].s82,
(interest on notes and bonds) . . . * . . 3,082.01
Amount rereivctl from district tax in 1882 as [)er settle-
meut with county treasurer in .April, 188.'i . . 17,473.39
Amount received from all other sources as [)er settlement
with county treasuier in April, 188.'5 . . , l,015.fj8
' Total ■. . $3S,0()G.(j5
l*rincii>al of various school funds .... $98,348.98
.Vmount of county public school fund .... 34,313.04
Other special funds ....... 14,755.3ti
Total $147,417.32
35
51S
HISTOIiV OF flOWAKD AND CHAKITON COUNTIKS.
(Tlu; school I'uiul for IS.'^o is now more Ih
Amount received I'or tines nnd penalties
Transferred to county fund.
No. of male teachers employed .
No. of female teachers employed .
Total number of teachers
Average salary of male teachers .
Average salary of female teachers
No. of school houses in the county
No. of colored schools in operation
Cost per day for tuition to eacii pupi
Value of school property
Kate per $100 tax levy
AVhole amount paid for teachers' wages
Whole amount i)aid for I'uel .
Repairs and rents ....
Incidental expenses ....
Erection of houses and purchase of sites
Past indebtedness paid
Unexpended t'unds . . . -
n $150,030.11
$1,01.5.68
85
51
13G
. $3t;.oti
. 29.37
11-'
12
.05
$40,000.00
.45
$23,242.00
1,076.00
1,036.00
82.20
025.41
301.32
1,153.77
rOST-OFFICES.
Brunswick,
Byauraville,
Chraneville,
Crossland,
Cunningham,
Dalton,
Forest Green,
Guthridge Mills,
Ilamden,
Indian Grove,
Kevtesville,
Lagouda,
Mendon,
]Muscle Fork,
Prairie Hill,
Eothville,
Salisbury,
Shannondale,
Triplett,
Westville,
Wien.
In 1S37 there were only three post-otfices in Chariton county
Chariton, G. Compton, postmaster.
Keytesville, Sterling Price, postmaster
Brunswick, James Keyte, postmaster.
CHAPTER XIII.
The Biir Neck War as Told By An Old Settler — Mexican Wur — Soldiers from
Chariton County — ABirbecue — California KaiiL;rauls — A Touching Farewell —
Men who entered the Union Army from Chariton County — Many of the Xanle^ of
those who Enlisted in the Confederate Army— The Heroes who Died — A Record of
Bloody Deeds.
THE BIG NECK WAR, AS TOLD BY .\X OLD jiKn'LEll.
•' About tlie year iNi'T, iit'tcr llie lii'liaiis liad ;ill hecn i-eiiiovcd fnini
Mis.soiiri, there wa.s a iidteil lowii chiol'calkMl IW'j: >\'eck wiio toll out
witli the nation or trihe and the whole treaty Im^iiuv-s. anil came liaek
on the Ciiariton I'iver, after some few settk'inent> h;id lieen made np
the river, and with u sciuad of sixty or .seventy rollower.s elaimed the
entire country.
The whites in that vicinitv irathereil iij) a small companv with their
rifles and appointed or eieeted a man named Trammel as (.heir cap-
tain. After organization thev went out to drive the Indian- olf the
grounds, but found them verv stubborn and got into a light with them,
in which .--everal white men were killed, among whom were Capt.
Trammel, William Wynn and (,thers.
The whites being defeated evacuated the country, and af> in all such
cases it created great alarm in the outside settlements. There was a
great deal of unnecessary running done, as usually transpires in such
alarms. Upon the alarm of Indians all who are in the least ex])f>sed
will fancy themselves in danger, especially when nighl comes on, they
imagine some great danger ; or bugbear and cannot sleep, and when
daylight returns they are otf at once for some more safe place. This
time all the out or exposed settlements ran in, and I afterwards
learned that the Indian^ ran also.
There was a part of a regiment composed of men raised in Howard
and Chariton counties all under the command of General Owens, of
Fayette. A company of seventv-six men, rai.sed iu Chariton county,
(5iy)
520 HISTOKY OF HOWARD AND CHAUlfoX COLNTIKS.
elected ine !'.s tljeir captain, James Ilcntoid, lieiitenaiit, and Aimer
Finnell, ensign.
After tlie election of onicers I wrote to General Ou'ens, at Fayette,
tliat the company was ready lor active service and awaited liis (jrders.
In reply to my letter Gen. Owens returned to me the following order : —
Fat KIT i:, Mo.,
"Capl. Dun if I Asl<h>/ :
"Yon will, with \-oiir company, proceed to the lower Iowa village
on Grand river and reconnoitre the country from said village cast-
wardlv to the. Big Kockhcap on the Grand Ch:iriton rivei'. where my
command will he by the time you arrive there, wheu you will join
my command. P- Owkns, Com't."
1 started on the march with my men within an hour after receiving
this order. V\'e encamped at Cross's school-house that night and I
went home, having the command with tlie other otRcci's. On my re-
turn tiie next morning I found many of the men and some of the of-
ticers drank. I made diligent incpiii-y and learned that after my leav-
ino' the evening liefore there was a motion made hy some one. whether
an officer or not. it carried, to send to Heryford's for whiskey, which,
jndaiug tVom the effect it hail on the company, was very strong, and I
mi'jht add verv nieaa whi.-ke\-. I'oi- some of the most civil, well behaved
men were on their horse-' gallo|)ing up and down the camp, tirini;- pi —
tols, halhjoing fire, halt, etc., etc. The first order I gave was id fall
into line of marrh ; I then g:ivc the orders to make ready and then
to tire, and at the discharge of the guns I ordered them to shoulder
arm< and march otr v.-ith empty guns. It was lucky 1 did thi-;. for
we had not marched more tlraii two or three miles until two men,
both n(in-commissioned otlicer^, quarreled and would have shut each
other if thc-N' had not been compelled first to load; while they were
doins' this I ordered them taken prisoners and their arms taken tVom
them, and that thcv bi; marched without arms, under guard, uiitii we
stopped for noon, by whii h time all the whiskey and its etlects !iad
di;-appear<d and the guard also. I had them tried by somi' of the
officer^ and they passed sentence that they should be rcprimaiidrd by
the captain, which was done, and this ended ail the difficulty that
happened in my company during the campaign.
In com[)liance with the order of General Owens, we went to the
Indian village named therein, but found nothing but peaceful Indians,
HISTOIIY OF HOWARD AND CHARITOX COUNTIES. 521
who seemed very muLh surprised and very sorry over the disturhance.
and the\' came to me with the calumet or jiipe of peace, for me to
snoke, t^ayiui; tlicy were all •' arropee," tho^^ame as we arc all right.
We then left and encami)ed at the three forks of Yellow creek. Next
day we arrived about sunset at a high blutf on the Grand Chariton
river, about two miles below the big rockhea|). From here I sent two
platoons of six men each to tlie to|) of the blutV, with orders for tliem
both to tire if necessary, giving ten minutes lietween the tiring of
each platoon, but in three or four minutes after the fii'st file, I heard
a .similar rejiort about two miles northeast across the Chariton river,
which was nearly bankful.
Charles Heryford swam across it, about seventy yards, carrj'ing his
ritlc in his hand. We then constructed a raft of dry logs upon which
we carried our camp equipage and a few old men, and the remainder
swam across. We fixed up as soon as we could and marched to Gcn-
ei-al Owen's headquarters. On the way we met an escort that piloted
us into camp, when we took our position in the main army.
We lay in cam]) se\-eral days waiting for some troops that had
been sent on a long scout, who, on their return, reported tliev had
followed the Indian trail noith about forty miles, and that the signs
appeared to be eight or ten da}-s old, and it also appeared that the
Indians were marching in great haste.
The command also reported that on the trail they found a dead
Indian, who, judging from all appearances, was a chief. He was
sitting up by a tree, tied by strips of bark, which were wound around
him in several places. lie was profusely decorated with beads and
feathers. His blanket, wliit'h was very large and tine, was wrapped
around him. His leggins and moccasins were also ot' the finest ma-
terials, and decorated with beads and porcupine ijiiills all worked
together in a fanciful style. His hair was long, hanging down his
back ill a very gi-aci,'t'ul manner; it was lightl}' tinged \vith irrav about
the temples, and the front i^ai't of it was plaited in small Inaids. In
his ears were large brass rings and his none liad small silver rinas
attached to the centre. By his right side, theri- was a bow and a large
quiver of arrows. Around him was gracefully fastened an otKcer's
belt of wampum, which was very highly ornamented with white, red
and green beads, and about his neck were large strings of beads of
various colors, some of which hung do'vn on his breast over a foot.
He had around him a belt made of tircsseii elk hide in which was a
huteher knife, and a tine pi;)e tomahawk with a handle about twenty
522 HISTORY OF HOWAllD AND CHAUITON COUNTIES.
inches in lenjrth and very uletly wrapped and tineh' plaited jiorcupine
quills of various colors. He was sitting on a huilalo robe neatly
folded. 'J'hcre was fastened to his wanipiini sash a large silver brooch
with the square and comiiass engravt'd on it. Me was a tine, portly
looking Indian, and had been shot in the, right breast, which killed
him almost instantly. After taking a good look at him, many of our
command seemed to regret his death, tliough killed in battle with our
frontier settlers.
We were then put under marching orders, ^vith the announcement
from General Owens that the enemy having Hed, there was no neces-
sity to keep up military discipline, and that each captain will take
command of his company, and march them to their respective counties
and discharge them at as early a du}' as possible. So we formed iu
companies and marched home, to again take up our ordinary pursuits,
and this ended the Big Neck war."
MKXICAN' WAR.
Charitcni countvscnt to the Mexican war seventy-five as good and
true men as ever unsheathed their swords upon the field of battle.
They suffered much from the hardships and privations which they
were compelled to undergo in that distant, barren and inhospitable
countrv. Fatigue, disease and death had made such fearful ravages
upon the compan\- that ouh' :d)out h;df of the men lived to return to
tlieir homes. Among those who died from disease in Mexico were
Enos and William Payne, Thomas Sanderson, Jesse Prather, Charles
Cravens, Milton ^Montgomery, Lewis Sanderson, James Page, P.
Clark, E. Clark and Le\vis McColbnn.
Men who enlisted in the Mexican war from Chariton county: —
Officers.
Sterling Price, colonel.
Wm. C. HoUey, captain,
Daniel Hcryford, first lieutenant,
John ^lansfield, second lieutenant.
Golden Wasson, third lieutenant,
D. Mansfield, orderly sergeant,
Valentine Cupp, flag bearer,
Hiram Lewis, bugler.
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. 52J
T'ricates.
Mat. JIansfield, Richard Dciapsey,
Isaac Cupp, Thomas Ewiiig,
Sim Ciipp, John Welibcr,
Claiborr. Ciipp, Lncieii Stewart,
James Rogers, Wm. Smith,
Samuel Lewis, Lloj'il Cash,
John Allen, J. M. Cash,
John Cary, John Gash,
Thomas Tippett, Thos. Samington,
Zach Tippett, Frank Hawley,
Noah Payne, Asher ^laxley,
Enos Payne, James Kitchen,
Wm. Payne. James l^age,
Thos. Sanaei-son, P. Clark,
Jesse Prather. R Clark,
Erastus Butler, Lewis ^IcCoUum,
Thomas Trent, Benj. Rol)inson,
Carroll Moore, John Andrews,
Huston Moore, Lan. Hainner,
J. J. Ti^dale, James Garrett,
Angus Williams, John Lane,
James Morris, Solomon Welch,
Chas. Cravens, Felix Redding,
Benj. \\"illiams, Higlitower Rlankenship,
(TodtVcy Wittie, Tul>e Payne,
Milton Montgomery, James Swindler,
Lewis Sanderson, John Lewis,
Wm. Niekerson, Jame.? De Moss,
James Dos well, S. G. Bailey,
Wm. Mott, Robert Ciirran,
Wesley T. Newbold, Chas. Jenkins,
James M. Dempsey, Alfred Caldwell.
We are indebted to Felix Redding, of Linn county, Missouri, for
the names above given. The list is lacking the names of three per-
sons to make it complete.
524 HISTOKY OI' HOWAKI) AND CHARITON COUN'TIRS.
A IJAKrFClTK.
From tlie following notice- it, will tx^ seen thai the people of Kevtcs-
ville tendered the returned Mexican soldiers from Chariton county a
barbecue : —
" Keyxesvilli:, Missouri, October G, 1817.
'• The undersigned, ' committee on invitations' for the barbecue, to
be given at this place on Wednesday, the 20th instant, in honor of the
Chariton county volunteers belonging to Colonel Price's reiriment,
take this metiiod of tendering an invitation to the oiBcers and soldiers
of Price's and also of Doniphan's regiment, hoping that as many as
can conveniently be present will attend on that occasion.
" R. Moore,
"C. W. Bell,
" Jno. H. Blue,
" Coiiiiiiil/fe.'''
The Bruihtwicker, the next day after the barbecue above mentioned,
said of that event : —
" Our barbecue given yesterday in honor of the Chariton volunteer-
was worthy of our county and of the occasion. The reception address
was made by tiie editor of this paper (Dr. John H. Blue) ; it was re-
sponded to for the volunteers by General Price. The flag of the com-
pany— a gift of the ladies — was displayed with much sensation, rent
as it was with sixteen liullet-holes, an evidence that it had seen ser-
vice at Cenuda, el Emboda and Taos ; and been unfurled to the Mex-
icans, in the foremost ranks, where the missiles of death flew the
thickest. General Price's address was deeply interesting. Colonel
C. F. Jackson, an invited guc,-,t, spoke in hi>. usual ha[)py style. The
table was splendid, and everything pa^^sed otl' as grandly as could be
e.vpected."
CALU'01;.NIA EMKiKANTS.
The years ]84it ^nd 1850 will be remembered by the old settlers of
Chariton countv as the periods when the gold excitement in California
reached its hiiihest point, and as the years when the people generally
HISTORY OF IKIWAUD AND (IIAUITON COUNTIES. .'i2r>
throuj;liout the Ainorican Union, as well ;is Cluiritoii county, were
jilikc smitten witlithe gold fever. The eiirly settlers, liicc their descend-
ants of to-d:iv, soon learned tluit
" Gold is the strfu'jth, the sinews of the world;
The health, the soul, the beauty most divine."
And ni;uiifested their kivo ;ind appreeialion of t!ie satlVon-hucd niet;il,
by separating themselves from their homes and friends, and taking up
their line of niurch to the gold fields of California.
Chariton county sent forth many of her sons, some of whom were
men with gray hoards, and otlii'rs were hoys still in their teens, to
that far distant region, all animated will; the hope that their labors,
their sacrilices, and their bravery would ije rewarded with an abun-
dance of the glittering and precious ore.
Below will be found the names of some of these men : —
Phillip Hooper, George Applegate,
Rol)ert Hooper, Nick Lewis,
Cyrus Hutchison, - Franklin Woods,
James Jennings, James Woods,
James Perry, Jacob Trent,
William Price, T. H. Walton,
N. W. Nev/hold, William Warden,
Theodore Xewbold, James Warden, -
John Gilliam, Andy Crockett,
R. W. Price, John W. Redding,
James N. Staples, Felix Redding,
Zacliariah Mitchell, Henry Hulse,
Samuel S. Ellingtou, William Holly,
John S. Ellington, John H. Coleman,
John G. !Moore, R. Agec,
Ephraini Moore, Peter Agee,
Alonzo Moore, William Smith,
W. C. Wright, Laz. Anderson,
Hiram Lewis, William Jabine,
James Heryford, Lisborn Appletou.
John Lewis,
62G HISTOIIY OF HOWAKl) AND CHAKITON COUNTIES.
Upon the evo of hi?; depniiurv ior Cnlifdniia one of U;e Chariton
county boys penned the rolU)wing lieituiiful and touching farewell : —
"Farewell, farewell, my native land,
I leave tliee only with a sigh,
To wander o'er aforeig-n strand,
I'erchance to live, perchance to die —
Adieu my friends whom kindred ties
Unite, thoiijjh distant we may rove,
How ardent as time onward tlies
Fond memory clinics to those we love.
O'er the broad plains far away,
Heyoud the Rocky Jlountaius' crest,
Our wayward feet awhile shall stray,
And press the .cold besprinkled West.
But mid the candy scenes of strife,
Where gold to pride enehautmout lends,
We'll ne'er foru'et that boon of life —
Companions dear and faithful friends.
And in the lapse of coming years,
Should fortune be not too unkind,
We'll hope reward for parting: tears.
In smiles from those we left beliind.
We go — yet hoping to return,
Friends of our youth to home and you;
For these do causr our hearts to yearn,
Y/en when we sigh adieu — adieu."
Very, very few of these gold hunters ever acoumuhited anything,
and thegreat majority lost all they had, ineluiling even " their lives,
their fortunes, and their sai'reil honor." The persons who really
gained by the gold excitement were those who remained at hunic and
sold their produce to the gold-crazy emigrants. The rush which had
commenced in the spring of IS-l!) continued until about the 1st of
June, ISoO, whcu the great, surging tide began to abate, although be-
lated gold-hunters continued to pass through the country for some
time. But the excitement began to die away, and those citizens who
had judgment enough to resist the contagion now settled down in
quiet to pursue the even tenor of their way.
UNION .SOLDIERS.
The following is a full and complete list of soldiers who entereil the
Union army during the war of 18G1, from Chariton county : —
HISTORY OF HOWARD AXT) CHAUITON COUNTIES. 527
COMPAXY H, EtGHTEKNTH MISSOUUI INFANTEY, 18G1.
Officers.
Peter R. Dolman, captain,
Fred. Partenheimer, first lieutenant,
John Ahrigg, second lieutenant,
Robert Benecke, second lieutenant, resigned,
J. J. Hoisl, first lieutenant, resigned,
John Kuchechler, first sergeant,
L. Benecke, second sergeant,
J. Gross, third sergeant,
Wm. Wagner, fourth sergeant,
Frank English,
Henry Rusch, corporal,
Peter Frees, corporal,
Privates.
Henry Humphrey, Lorens Moher,
Wm. Brandt, Addison M. Moore,
Joseph Hermann, John Mauch,
Jno. A. Meyer, Peter Manss,
Fred. Kortl", Henry Meyer,
Wm. Robinson, Kosiniies Mousraan,
Wm. Alters, John Mullen,
Fred. Browner, Joseph Miller,
George Brehler, Jacob Miller,
Jacob Lettweiler, Charles Neimeyer,
Heury Etter, Wm. Pilatz,
Gustave Gritzmacher, Adam F. Fautch,
Alexander Good, Thomas Raick,
Adolph Hagan, Jacob Rieder,
Jacob Hart man, Josepii Schwaedi,
Fred. Keukel, Fred. Strauss,
Joseph Hunton. Anton SchwoUer,
Jacob H. Hamig, Michael Scherer,
John Heli:cn-.teiu, Fred. Schunk,
528 HISTORY OF UOWARD AND CHARTTON COUNTIES.
Chas. J. Hunt, Peter Scherbcck,
Milton H. Humphrey, Jno. Schcrbeck,
Cornelius Hcssc, Henry Schmidt,
Herman A. Hoirman, Jno. M. Smitlt,
Soh)nion Hul)b;trd, Benj. J. Smith,
Philip Kiiliiie, Jacob Truck,
George Kaiser, Thos. F. Benjamin,
Adam Klieii, John Vogei,
Simon Kerelel, Isaac West,
Ernest Langdorf, Chas. Winant.
Henry Litzke,
The Second Union company, made up in part of citizens of Chari-
ton county, %va3 Compan}' E, Ninth RcgimentM. S. M. cavalry. The
followins were from Chariton county : —
Officers.
I
Second Lieutenant Charles Boiler,
First Sergeant John T. HarLman,
Fifth Sergeant Win. Koch,
Corporal August Kullman,
Corporal Henry Schrader.
Privates.
AVm. Albert, Christian Hidlebraut,
Geo. Baier, Martin Linneman,
Wm. Bitter, Henry Miller,
Phil. Beck. Phillip Noll,
Joseph Boine, Fred. Reese,
Richard Gutzchebonch, Wm. Reese,
Charles Grotjan, Fred. Spillman,
John Henuing, Henry Strauss,
Jacob Huber, Wm. Waigner.
The Third Union company raised in this county was Company
I, Fortv-Ninlh Missouri infantry volunteers.
HISTORY OF HOWARD AXD CHARITON COUNTIES. 5^9
Officers.
Captain Lunis Eencckc,
First. liieiitenant I'^ridou Wiocklofl",
First Sergeant Julm Dodge,
Second Sergeant W. S. Hardenlcook,
Third Sergeant Wm. P. Young,
Fourth Sergeant ^Vm. B. ^luliins,
Fifth Sergeant Win. Stoeiner,
First Corporal John Cox,
Second Corporal Louis Krager,
Third Corporal Fred. Reese,
Fourlii Corporal James Mitchell,
Fifth Corporal ,
Sixth Corporal Andrew IMackay.
Privates.
F. Bewdon, Cornelius Ware,
Wni. II. Ilardenbrook, Jeremiah Rolf,
John A. Ilardenhrook, Fciiix Knudler,
Allen Ilciirv, Richard Ashliy,
John N. Ilaslett, Thomas Cox,
Charles Kissel, John L. Fetzer,
John D. ]\Ioore, Jose[)h Keytc,
Samuel Mock. Dudley Lyford,
Augusliis Myers, Williaiii Lake,
John J. Riekinan, Joseph Raaf,
Ferdinand Streicher, John Curtis,
Stei)heii Swearengin, Samuel Law,
John Stewart, Elzy Lake,
Andrew Willibough, John W. McClure.
CONFEDEKATE SOLDIERS.
The niunher of men who entered the Confederate army, during tiie
war of l.'^tJl from Chariton county, cannot now be ascertained.
The muster rolls hive not been preserved, either by private parties or
the Confederate government. The number is placed between 700
530 niriTOlIV OF HOWAliD AXn CHAlilTON COUNTIES.
and 1,000 men. The two tirtt ooiiipuiiios were raised at Biiinswick,
and ill that vicinity, and entered tlie service on the 10th of May, l'*>i51.
The officers oi" the tirst company were : —
E. W. Price, captain,
H. L. Gaines, tirst lieutenant,
K. A. Dickey, second lieutenant,
J. O. Patterson, third lieutenant.
The otiicers of tlic secom.! company were : —
Thomas H. Price, captain,
John Barr, first lieutenant,
John Crowder, second lieutenant,
William McAshan, third licnUenant.
These companies went to Jelt'erson City, while General Sterling
Price ■vvas in command of tluit place as State Guards, Ijut in conse-
quence of an agreement entered into between General Price of the
Confederate army and General llarncy of the Pinion army, these com-
panies were dishauded and reluined home. They were, however,
called into service the day liefore the l)atlie of Boonville, and while
on their way thitlier thi-y met (icneral Price at Glasg(nv, who was
going to lA'xiugton. Missouri. Uniting ^\ith hini tliev \vcve mu-tcred
into regular servii;e at Lexington, under command of Captain Joseph
Kellov from St. Louis.
These com[)anies were coniiiosed of about eightv-tive men each.
All of the otHc-ers of the tir^t ccunpany are now livinir, but a few pri-
vates, however, survived ihi.' wjv. The names of the otiicers are: —
A. McCampbcll, John T. Burnett. John Nolkhai'dt. David Thomp-
son, Alexander Staples, ,io!in AVithers. and J. C. \A'allace. This
company partici[)ated in the engagements at Carthage, Springfield,
Dry Wood, Lexington, Prairie Grove, Little Eock, Cvpress Bend,
Gaines Landing, Pleasant Hill, Elk Horn, and Jenkins Ferrv. It
entered th(^ service, as stated, on the 10th of May, 18(51, and was
mastered out of service on the 10th of M-.iy, 1865, having served
four years. Many of the men of the second company joined the first
company. Captain Thomas H. Price continued in the armv as major
of ordinance. J. C. Wallace was promoted to u captaincv in Octo-
ber, 18l)2 ; his men composed a part of the Eighth Battalion of the
Missouri infantry, and afterwards a part of tlie Ninth ilissouri infan-
try. Captain E. W. Price became a l)rigadier-general in the State
Guards.
HISTORY OK HOWARD A\D CIIAKITON COUN"TIES. 531
Oti the i=;inie dute, Octobcr'lO, ]8i!l, ;i tliird company, which was
raised in the neighborhooil of the present town of Salisbury, was
enlisted in the State Guards. This is Company B:
OJiceis.
Thomas H. Walton, cnptain,
John Lampkin, Hrst lieutenant,
William Ewiug, second lieutenant,
John Taylor, tiiird lieutenant,
H. Poland, sergeant.
G. Botts, corporal,
, Frank Payne, second corporal,
C. C. Crewens, flag bearer.
Pricales.
Joha Walker, S. E. Lay,
William Haggard, James Orine,
Thomas Tippett, C. Skinner,
Thomas Cotriel, William. Crane,
A. Skinner, A. Piochm,
E. T. Skinner, ■ L. Smith,
J. G. Miller, William Kilgore,
T. A. Smith, S. Freeman,
Ephraim Moore, E. Hodge,
J. Carlile, J. D. Lock,
P. Parks, A. T. Schenck,
R. Wood, S. H. Virgin,
B. F. Wood. H. W. Way,
C. Turpin. D. N. Wlieeier,
James ^^'hite, J. W. Agee,
H. Smith. J. A. Epperson,
J. Turpin, James Leonard,
S. Morgan, Samuel Ettinger,
J. M. Payne, . J. N. Hushey,
M. Sanderson, C. R. Eidson,
James Moore, Z. Tip()ett,
W. T. Cot, William M. Hensley,
James Buntin, E. H. Thaeker,
W.H.Watson, J.H.Collins,
^>3'J HIPTOUY OF HOWAUD AND CHAKITOX COONTIKS.
J. II. HciyfoiJ, D. (;oy,
.1. Long, ' M. B. Allen,
G. ]Moore, L. Pixley,
Tiioina, Wiie.jlci-, T. W. Wannoth,
J. W. Williams, H. Earhiirdt,
II. Ilayne.-^, C. Sehooinaker,
S. MeDdiiaid, E. Yancy,
William AVilkersoii, J. J. Nickerson,
G. W. Booth, William Brooks,
F. ^l. Booth, J. C. Carter,
William T. Speiice, Sterling \\'alton,
L. Emings, K. 'SI. Warhain,
J. T. Watson, R. S. Epperson,
Jaiiii?s L. Payne, Emmett Spenee.
Mi('hael MeArdle,
A^> will he Seen, this I'ompanv \\'as c(mi[)0-eil of olghty-five men,
ill! mouiited. After going to MiMnphi-, Tennessee, the com[jaiiy w;i?
dis' hriigel and re-euli-ted in tlie Coiit'ederate armv in l.Sli2, remain-
ing iu the servii^e until the close of the war, and was musiered out at
Shrcvcport, Louisiana, a portion of the com[)any — all who were liv-
ing— returning home in June and July, iMlo. Ahout one-third of
the men survived the v/ar; fourteen of the eom[)any were killed and
•wounded at the hattle of Pea liidge. The men parlieipatetl in
the battle of l^ea Kiijge, Lcxinuion, Prairie Cirove, Lone Jack,
Helena, Independence, Clark's Mill, Jenkiu's Ferry, Poison
Spring, Little Hock, Pino Blulfs and a few small skirmishes. C'a[Uaiu
Walton was [)romoted to a major <if a regiment, and belonged to
General Elliott's liattalion, of General Joseph Shelby's brigade.
Captain Walton now resides in S^alisbnry.
THE HEIiOES WHO DIED.
" Goil knows who was rijilit,
All! ytj.s! it is true, •
Anrl the God of ttie Gniy
I» the God of the Blue;
He bore their proud spirits
To mansions aiiove,
And He crowned them at last
With His sarlaud.-. of love.
niSTOKV OF HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIKS. .^SS
" The >iivis>es c;row rriveu
Oil tlio irravcs ulicn' they lay,
The flowers hlouiii alike,
O'er the Bhie ami the Cray;
Aud loveii one's tears
Areniiui;led with clew,
While with it God blesses
The Gray aud the Blue.
" In Hi aveii above us
God opens his sate,
No strife or contention,
No discord, no hate:
The portals are open,
And there side by side,
Stand the heroes of battle —
The heroes who died.
" God welcomes them all ;
Thoush in battle array
One bore the bri^ihtBlue,
And the other the Gray.
ThouL;U one for Union,
The other for State,
One angel of Mercy
Guided all to God's sate.
" And there at the right hand
Of Him who is just.
Away from the mortal
And up from the dust,
There, there by God's throne
Far away from earth's grave,
111 raimeuts unspotted,
Stand the true and the brave.
" Shall we, the frail worldiugs.
Who yet live and wait —
Shall we sit iu judsraeut.
Or cry out in hate,
While a Father above us,
A Father all wise,
Calls back His loved children
From earth to the skies?
"Forgive us, forgive as,
Dear Father above >
Bring iiack to our conscience
The heart beat of love;
And while we are weeping
For our loved ones to-day,
Let us tenderly cherish
The Blue and the Gray."
36
5o4 HISTOKY OF IIOWAKU AND CHAUITON COUNTIES.
A KECOIIO OF BLOODY DKKDS.
The following pages constitute the darkest portion of the history of
Chariton count v : the darkest, because they tell of the cold-blooded
butchery of innoeent victims by men who were devoid of the common
instincts of humanity ; by men who distinijuished themselves by their
acts of UHijaraileied brutality : by men whose names are immoitally
linked with an infamy as odious and execrable as ever disgraced the
annals of any country, ilen of low, brutish instincts and ignoble
aspirations are unfortunately found in all wars ; in fact, a war without
its Kirks and its Ilessbriggs is something that has never yet existed,
even in the most civilized countries.
Horatio Philpott was an early settler, coming to the county in 18o7
from Kentucky, but foimorly from Virginia. He came out first
horseback, and bought his farm, and then returned with his family
and slaves in 1837. Here he raised a large family. Twelve of his
children lived to be grown. Their names, in the order of their ages,
were Permelia, Hezokiah, David, Elizabeth, Columbus, Lafayette,
Barton, Francis, Belle, Ferdinand and Laura. Mr. Philpott owned
and o|)erated a mill on the east fork of the Chariton river for many
years. He, during the civil war of 18(51, like nearly all of his neigh-
bors, was a Southern sympathizer. He was, however, a quiet and
inoffensive man, never thrusting his opinions upon others wh(» dif-
fered with him, and, at the same time, ncvei' concealing his views,
when called upon to express tlieni.
About the close of the war, and in the njcmth of October. lSli-1,
■while Mr. Philpott, who was then an oh! man, ncarh' sevenlv vears
of age, was sitting quietly with his family, four men dressed in Fed-
eral uniforms, came to his h(»use. Mr. Philpott had been in his
orchard during the forenoon of the day, and had gathered and l)roni;lit
in some a[)i)les in a bucket. Of these the soldiers ate freely, and left
the house. About an hour afterwards they returned and asked the
old gentleman to go out with them. He went with them without
saying a word, his daughter, Belle, following along behind him. After
reaching the }ard fence, the soldiers told her to go back to the house.
She told thinn that she would, and remarked, "I will trust father in
your hands." After a few moments had elapsed, gun shots were
heard in the direction in which the soldiers luul taken him. Mrs.
Susan Hogan. a neighbor of Mr. Phil))ott, happened to be standing
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIES. 535
at her window, ahout a qii:ivlcr of" a mile- distant, iiiid saw tlie soldiers
who had the old man in chargu. Some tiiice or tour hundred yards
from Philpott's house there were three hundred soldiers, knoun as
" Piitnani's militia," who came from the direction of Macon county,
sitting on their horses. Tlie four soldiers incn.tioned were a portion
of this command, the men all being under the command of Colonel
Keutzncr. As soon as the old man was taken to the place where
these men were waiting, they immediately shot liim. When his family
and neighbors reached him they found on his person five gunshot
wounds and two bayonet thrusts. Two of the gunshot wounds were
in the head, and the others, together with the iiayonet thrusts, were
in the breast. These men, after having been treated kindl}' at the
house, and after paiiaking of the old man's lio-pitaiity. had the
meanness, brutality, and cowardice to murder liim in cold blood ;
an old man, whose sands of life had nearly run.
Dr. James Brummall was killed the same day, and by the same
parties. Among the soldiers was said to have been one or two of
his neighbors, who boasted in the town of Roanoke after the bloody
deed liad been committed, that they had killed Dr. Bruninial. The
doctor, like his friend Pliilpott, was an old man and a Southern
sympathizer, IVnt was quiet an<l highly respected liy all who knew him.
The soldiers had gone to his house looking fur him ; he had, however,
irone to a neighbor's house and was returning home when they met
him in a woodland. Sei'ing them, he ran and secreted hiniscif in a
brush jiile, but they had seen him and gave pursuit. They t'ound him
and made him come out and then sliot him. Tin; doctor wa-^ one of
the earliest settlers in this [XMlion of Chariton cdunty. lie left two
sous, James and Bascom, who are still living in the county.
Jesse Rodgers, another aged man, was killed by the same parties.
He was, at the time he was shot, a short distance t'rom his home, dig-
ging roots for medical purposes for his family. I'iiey shot him and
endeavored to prevent the neighbors from burying him. Claiborne F.
Warsaw and Ned Jackson, the latter colored, were digging his grave
when the soldiers returned and drove them away; the residt was, two
or tiiree days passed before the body was interred. Mr. Rodgers left
a large family.
Theophilus Edwards was another victim of this remorseless and
brutal horde of soldiers, whose vandal tracks could be traced in the
blood of their innocent and aged victims all along the line of their
march through tlie county. Edwards was met in the road by them.
5o(i HISTORY OF HOWAKD AND CIIAUI'lON COUNTIES.
whon it'tiirninu; iionn' uiid killid. Mis fonn was :ilio;ul\' houcii with
the wci<:liis of nearly tliif(.'-'^ci)ro vt-ai-; and ton, and it" left to lii-i
faniih", he couli.! have siirvi\ ed hut a lew more ■Nears at ino^t.
One ot'tho nio.-t reni:ukai)le iVats nf hravery and one of the most
Christi;inixAHl and niaiinaninioiK-; derds that marked the hi'-torv (if
those ill-fated times, was the han;j;ini:- of James Stark. James was a
mere boy about seventeen years of aire. For this aet of heroism
the world is indebted to a modest, }et gallant eaptain who was at the
time serviiiii' his eountry in the command of a squad of militia — a
band of men, who like their noble leader, were inspired by pure love
of country in all they did. If a horse was pressed into serviee, if ;i
dwelling with its contents was JninuiJ to tlie ground ; if a man was
roItOetl, if a woman was raped, if an unotlending citizen was killed: in
fact, if all the crimes known to CTTe catalogue were perpetrated l)v
tills band of heroes, iliey were committed by them in the name of
patriotisrii. They fought aged and maimed men, and little l)ovs, from
principle, and not from a desire to shed innoctMit blood : thev robbed
and plundered from principle, not that tliey iiad any desire to |)Ossess
what did not lielong to them. They acted so exclusively from un-
selfish motives, wdien fighting for their ccnintry, that it wouh.l be
entirclv consistent with their characters as soldiers when dead, t(j in-
scribe n[)on their toudi the following beautiful inscripti(jn : —
" How s'eep the brave, wlio sink to rest,
By all ihuir countrv's wishes blest!
When sprinir, with dewy tSiiiiers cold,
Retiiru^^ to deck their hallow'd mould,
She there shall dress a sweeter sod
Than fancy's fert have ever tr(Kl.
By fairy hands their knell is rnns,
'By forms uiiseeu their dirj;e is suns;
There Honor comes, a piljirim ^ray.
To bless the turf tliat wraps their clay;
And freedom shall awhile repair,
To dwell, a weeping hermit, there."
This captain of militia had been sent into the county, with from
tliirU' to tiftv men, witli the ostensible purpose of su[iprcssinii'
bu-lnvhackers. James St:irk, Sr., was a Southern s\nipa-
thizer. This captain and his men went to Stark's house and
called foi' the old man. He was luit at home. The family
was i.sked where Stark could lie found, but no one could tcil
anything about him. Determined not to l>e disa[)pointcd in their
HlSrOIIY OF IlUWAilU AM) CHAIMTON COrNTIKS. .")87
fvil purposL', tliey took tlic tir.v J:imps to the woods and bung him to
;i tret' to make him tell the wheroahoiits oC hi- iather. They huiicr liim
several time-, hut the i)o_v protested, lellini; tiieiii tliat he did not
k^o^v. They tinally determined to take his life and after swinging
lii?n up the hist time they went off and lefl Inm hanging. His liody
was found the second ov tliird dav afterwards, Ijv a small hoy, who
was out hunting cow.-. It was taken down hv M. Ij. Hurl and Ahner
Hinnel, who gave it deeeiit sepulture.
Robert Carnion was killed Septeinher 22d. ist!-!, hy guerillas, un-
der the command of two noted cut-throats and rohhers — Threldkill
and Todd.
The guerillas, nundiering aliout one hundred, came into Keytes-
ville after daylight on the morning of the '22(\ and surrounded the
court-house, which ^vas occupied at the time by Ca])tain Berry Owens
with forty or fifty militiamen. The militia surrendered, some of
them, it is suid, joining the Inishwhaekers. ^Ir. Carnion, who wsis
there at the time, was placed un>Jer arrest by Todd.
Hciu. Andrew INiackay, one of the prominent citizens of the town,
did all he could to siive Carmon"s life. Carnion, after his arrest, was
taken by Todd's men to INIackay's hotel, where some of the party had
ordered their breakfast. Mr. Mackay had an interview with Todd
in reference to saving Cannon, and had presented matters in such u
light to the guerillas, that he was going to order Carmon's release,
and went out of the room to give orders to that ctlect. Upon going
to the front portion of the Jiouse, where Cannon was held a prisoner,
it was ascertained that two or three of Todd's men had already started
out of town with Carnion. Markay and Todil, however, each started
horseback in the directi(Ui the men had taken, l)ut had not proceeded
far, when they met two of the bushwhackers returniu'j; to town.
These men informed them that the prisoner had been shot and that
Carmon's body was then lying in the road bevond Mr. Maekav's
house. When the bui-ly \vas found, it was noticed that Carnion liad
been shot through the temple, this i)eing the only wound he received.
Cannon was a native of Pennsylvania. At the time of his death he
was sheriff of Chariton county, was a Union man, conservative in hi.s
views and highly esteemed.
William Young, another Union man, w.as arrested and shot at the
same time with Carnion. Young had, by his extreme views and his
acts as a jiartisan, I'endered himself obiio.xious to his neighbors, a
great majority of whom were Southei'u sympathizers. His death,
538 HISTOKV OF HUWAliD AND CHAKITON COLNTIKS.
therefore, wns not so i;encrally regretted In' the coiniiiunilv in \vhich
he livetl as the dciith of Siieritl Cannon.
Young utteinpted to get awav from his inuiderers hy running
through the woods ; tlu\\-, lionover, siiot him before lie had jiroceedej
very far.
TKUE TO HIS rRINriP[,KS.
George II. F;nvks was a sohlier in the Confederate army, having
enh'sted under tlie call of Governor C. F. Jaekson in l<Sfil. lie was
badly wounded at the battle of Wilson's creek, being shot through
the left lireast. After recovering from his wound he rejoined his
command at the battle of Pea Eidge. Serving his time out. he came
home, but thiid\ing it unsafe to I'eniain, he joined the command of
Colonel Poinde.\ter, who soon disbanded liis men. Young F;iwkf>
again returned home to await an opportunity to go South. Being at
Joseph \\'ayland"s, about two miles from his home, he was surprised
and taken a pristmer by Captain Thomas Gilstra]) from Macon City,
who returned to Macon City and gave Fawks into the hands of General
Merrill, who had hini [nit under a strong guard and informed that he
would be shot next morning at ten o'clock. He had friends in the
militia, who did all they could in his behalt, and were [jromised
Fawk's release, provided he would i)e sworn into the service with the
militia. This, he indignantly refused to do, saying that he could
never deny his principles. He was accordingly shot, witlniit even
the seniblauee of a trial. Fawks was just twenty-one years ohl.
William K. Redding was another unfortunate victim of this whole-
sale butchery upon the part of the militia. He, like many others
whose lires were taken for opinion's sake, was a man of some wealth
and intiuencc in the community where he lived. Kedding's body
was found by Doctor Dewey, the ne.Kt day after he \vas killed, about
a half mile from his home in the timber. He had been shot through
the head and robbed, ami it is su[iposed from the circumstances, that
have since come to light, that he w;is taken to the woods by the
militiai and there made to get his money, whicli had been Iniried for
safe-keeping, and then killed. Redding was the fither-in-law ot' \Vm.
E. Hill, of Keytesville.
.IOH\ LEONARD.
Among the darkest deeds of human atrocity [jcrpetratcd in Chari-
ton countv durinir the civil war ot l.'^ill, hv mere claimiiiir to bo
HISTOKY (JK IIU\\AKI) AND CllAKlTON COUNTIES. OoM
soldiers, w;is the nuinlor of the boy, John Leonard. In fact, the
circumstances of his takinji' oti", the reckless, cold blooded, heartless,
cruel manner, in which lie M'as fuadc to forfeit hi.s young life, stamps
the crime as among the blacke.-t iu all the annals of time, and his
assassins as among tlie fonU'st and mo.st iniiuman wretches that ever
imbrued tiieir liands in the Idood of their foUow-beings.
John Leonard was about sc\'eiitcen years of a<;c, and had acted as
a guide, as it was claimed, to a squad of bushwhackers. Whether he
was forced to do tliis. or did it voluntarilvi we are not informed.
It makes no ditTerence in his ca^e. This, however, was the oU'ence
with which the boy was charged. He was arresteil In' soldiers stationed
at Brunswick and taken to that place. This was during the winter,
when the rivers and streams were covered with ice. While a prisoner
at Brunswick, it was determined by tiiose having the boy in charge
that he should be put to death, but just how to dispose of him, they
did not know, until it was suggested, that he should be drowned in
the river. They accordingly took their victim, it is said, to Grand
river, and having broken the ice, the}' thrust tiie boy under, by raain
force, and held him tlure until life became extinct. It is stated, that
oue of his murderers afterwards said, when relating the facts in refer-
ence to the matter, that " the bo\' squealed like a j^ig when they were
putting him under tlie ice."
"All miirtlers past, do stand excused iu this,—
And this so sole, and so unmatchable,
Shall prove a deadly bloodshid, but a jest,
Exampled by this heinous spectacle."
Abncr Finnell was killed in 1864 bv tlic militia.
Moses Hurt, an old nuui, was killed the same year, a little while
before Finnell. Hurt left a large family.
Peter Fo.x, George Veal, De Jarnett, and Jennings were killed, and
were all citizeu.s of Keytesville township. George Veal was hung to
a tree in Biidge Street, in Keytesville.
Judge John J. Flood was shot in 18G4 in his own door. John T.
McAshan, of Brunswick, was taken to the river and shot while stand-
ing upon the bank, and his l)ody thrown into that stream. The men
who shot Flood and McAshen had partaken of their hospitality the
night before. Pixley was sh(jt and killed on the road between his
house and Brunswick, and his face, when his body was found, had l)een
partially eaten by hogs. Franklin was killed in Brunswick and his
540
IlISTOi;V OK HOWAlil) AM) CHAIMTON COINTIKS
body tlu-Dwii into William C. Aiip'i'Ljatc-'.s yai<l. .lolin J. M'TJey was
aiif)ther victim. Dr. Soui's was among the tirst men killed in Salis-
hiii'v township. Parkfuhammcr, Charles .Jenson, ;i man hv tin' name
of McDonald, and a nearo who woiked at Hurt's tohacco t'actor}', were
amoii<r the men wlio were killed by l)U>hwliaekers.
"\\'o did not succimmI in pottini.'' the naine^ ut' all t lie non-eonihatants,
who were killed in the eonnty during the war, l)ut was told that the
iuinil)or of persons, including men and l>o}-s, annuinted to ahout Ht'ty-
five. This harvest of death was sometiiing like the bloody assizes.
memorable in English historv and inaugurated liv Jefl'reys after the
defeat and capture of Monmouth an<! Argyle. These American Jef-
freys, like their infamous prototyiie across the sea, left some of their
victims dangling in mid-air, wlicro they hung imtil their bodies
were devoured by t lie beasts and birds of prey ^ — no one daring to
give them even the seml)lanee of a decent burial. The ditference, if
unv, between the Eni;lish tyrant and the American butchers seems to
have been in favor of the former, as he v,enL through the farce of a
tri.nl before taking the blood of his victims, while the latter shot them
down like dogs wherever thej could be found, without trial, judge or
jury.
C U A r T E R XTY.
OLD SKTTLER-S i;ia NIONS.
They meet :it tlie Fair (Jroimdr. ;it Keyte>ville in 1677-1881 — Biographical Sketch of
Cha-s. J. Cubfli — liis atldress at the Uld Settlera Keuaion, iu 1877 — Names of
Old S.'ttiers— A Poem by an (_^id Settler —
oi.i) sk.tti.ek's rkuxions.
There has l)eeii no moetiiijr. which could he distiiu'lively <;alled an
Old Settler's Kt'iiiiioii. Dufiim' the pi-oLTfc^s of the Fair, held at
Keytcsvjlle ill 187 7, a luniiber ot' the eaviicst tiiid tildest settler;- were
in attendance. These were called toirether by a committee selected
for tiiat purpose and wevc feasted and toasted, after which Major
Daniel Aslihy, one of tiic [)ioncers of the county addresseil the audi-
ence and Ch;is. J. Cabell, read an interesting paper upon the early
settlement of the count}', which we give in full.
The old pioneers present on that occasion were :
Major Daniel Ashb\', aged 8G vears, came to the county October
11, 1818.
John S[)orl(iinan, aged 7(1 vcars ; came November 12, 1822.
N. N. Grubbs, aged 69 years : came in November, 1833.
John P. Williams, aged 68 vears ; came in October, 1819.
Clias. J. Cabell, aged 65 years; came in October, 1818.
Willitim Heryford, aged 59 year.s, came April 14, 1818.
J. T. Do.xey, aged 59 years ; came in November, 1820.
Certain prizes were otlered to the old settlers — to those who had
been living in the country the longest. No man could enter the list
for the prize, without he had been :i resident for forty years continu-
ously. At a Fair held at Keytcsville in October, 1881, there was
another asseml>ling of old pioneers. John P. Williams was awarded
a cane, the oldest settler in the county, he having been here at that
time sixty-two years. A china tea-set, was given to Mrs. Samuel
(541)
542 mSTOKY OK llOWAliD AND CllAlUTON COUNTIES.
Dinsniorc us tlie olde>t lady rosidcnt, liaviiij^ resided here sixty-four
3'ears, coining in 1817.
Before sri vino- th(- address of Charlos J. Cal»eli, we shall first jjre-
sent a brief sketch of his life, which was taken from Tlie Weekh/
Brnn.'iir'ul.tr hearing dali; October ^Oth, 18iS2.
BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCH OF CHAS. .T. CABEIX,
who departed, this life at his residence in Brnn^\vi(;k on the 10th day
of October, 1882. after a brief but painful illness. He was born April
2tJ, ]81?>, at Ashland, Fayette county, Kentucky, and was in the seven-
tieth year of his age. Mr. Cabell's father, Edward Bhiir Cabell, was of an
old family of Virginia and Ijorn in Prince Edward county. His mother
was Harriett F. Monroe, dtiughter of Joseph Jones Monroe and neice of
President James Monroe from the county of Albermarie. The sis-
ter of Edward B. Cal)ell married Mr. Breckenridgc, of Kentucky, and
was the mother of the late John Cabell Breckenridgc, formerly Vice-
President of the United .States.
In 1818, wlien but five vcars of age, Mr. Cabell came with his father
to Missouri and settled at Old Chariton, in the county of Howard and
the territory of Missouri. His subsequent life was an epitome of the
history of Chariton and of the State. He was familiar iii early life
with that primitive phase of Western society which evolves all that is
good, true, manly and honest in human nature.
It may he said Mr. Cabell had known our country since the Indian,
the bear, and the squatter held it peacefully and harmoniously in pos-
session. He was familiar with the habits of simplicity and hardihood,
the hospitality and honesty of early squatter life from his childhood,
and earlv iinbil)cd a love and admiration for the poetry antl romance
it atlbrded. In after life, Mr. Cabell, in the social circle delighted to
tell of the adventures and scenef of this primitive phase of squatter
life. Hi.s memory and heart delighted to dwell with that innocent
l)ast, when men were pure and honest, and lived with nature and
walked with " nature's God." Much of the early history of the men
and circumstances of that period, has been preserved by him, in
written and oral sketches, which will perpetuate what ought most to
be remembered, but wa.s most liable to be forgotten of the manly race
who peopled the territory of the early State of Missouri.
In 1818, Missouri was a territory of which William Clark was
Governor, and the counties of St. Charles, Howard and Kay, extended
HISTORY OF IIOWARn AND CHAKITON ( OLTXTIKS. 543
iVoin ttn' Mis-;rniri rivt-i- to the Iowa line. In L^i'O tlit' State was ad-
iiiittcil into the Uiiiim amid a stoi-ni ol' st'Ctinnal ^trifo and liiltoincss,
and .-iioi1l\ at'tei' the eonntio.s wci'e carved into ■^mailer ninnicipalilies,
and v.hen the connty ot" Chariton was omaui/ed, ^^r. Edward 15.
Cabell was appointed clerk of the Circuit Couit. Tliis position he
held for nearly tiiirtv years, and to within a few years before his
death, -\vliich occurred in ISfiO, at Brunswick. Charles J. Caliell was
reared in this count}- till a time of life necessary to lie sent to the
schools which could atl'ord the higlier academic instruction, and in the
mean time had acquired such of the rudiments as the primitive country
schools could afford. He was sent to Kentucky where he conijih^tcd
his studies at Augusta College, an institution which has furnished
some of its brightest alumni to Missouri, of which General Doniphan
was the first graduate, and where General Bela ]\I. Hughes, now of Col-
orado, was Mr. Cabeil's classmate. In 1837, Charles J. Cabell mai'ried
at Harrodsburg, Kentucky, Susan B. daughter of Thos. Allen, P>sq.,
then the clerk of the county court of Mercer county. Kentucky, who
with a widowed daughter, and Mrs. Charles Ilanimond and three sons
settled in Leadville, Colorado, constituted liis family. "With his
wife, he settled in ^Missouri and studied law. For this profession he
had little taste, and his love for higher mathematics led him to engage
in the l)usiness of surveying and engineering. In 1848, he went South
with his family to Louisiana, and engaged under contract with the sur-
veyor general in surveying. This occupation requiring skill, patience,
and great exactness, as well as physical labor and perseverance, was
just suited to his taste and habits. For ten years he was in the field,
tracing old Spanish lines and surveys thr<Higli swamps and cane
breaks, establishing old and obliterated corners, and extending tiie
surveys into the then unoccupied lands. The faithfulness and ac-
curacy with which this work was done have prevented many lawsuits,
and established pernuinently the rights of parties. The arduous
labors of these years yielded to Mr. Cabell as their fruit, a modest
eonq)eteTice, and with his earnings he established himself in ease and
comfort on his farm, north of Brunswick. Devoted to hospitality and
the educational comfort of his children, Mr. Cabell, in competency and
content renniincd on his farm till the war broke out. It is needless
to say much of means and his estate was lost during the war. In 18G4
he was in Louisville. Kentucky, because the unsettled and dangerous
state of things at home rendered it neeessar}' for him to leave ]Miss(niri.
Mr. Cabell joined the Christian church and was immerseil by F.lder
544 iii>toi;y of howauo am> ciiauiton countiks.
Tlioiiia-! P. IIitlc\ . His fuinilv liaci already lieeii received into Ihat
eoimnmiiuii, iiio-'t (jfllieiu by Elder Haley.
The c<in.sisteiiey and iiiteiri'ity of Mr. Calioll's life, lioth as a Chris-
tian !uid a citizen, is l)est evidenced in tiie esteem in which he \va-: li(>ld
liy his neiglihors who knew him l)est and longest. They came ti> his
funeral and testified thi'ir love and respect at his <_Mave. (Jhl and
venerable citizens triim vaiions parts ot' the c(niiity, and his neiL:hii()rs
iuiinediately coiitiii'iinns came to s\-in[)athize with his luoiirninLT I'amily
and sustain tlieni in their sorrow; he was buried with his children in
the cemt^tery at Brunswick.
THE ADDRESS.
The following is the admiraiile address delivered by Mr. Cabell in
the presence of the old pioneers. It is replete with the names of
eiirly settlers, and is invaluable as a document of future reference: — ■
" History deals in epochs — and we are here to give our reminiscences
of an epoch in the history of Chariton county, extending from the year
1818 to about ISoO — a period of twelve years. Removals, deaths,
fires, and other causes have liatl their iuHnence in mouUlingthe history
of this period, a matter of pure tradition. Ibit we bo[)t' to reduce
it to such certainty that our children may bt^ correctly informed con-
cerning it. In the month of October, 181.S, my father, Edward !>.
Cabell, with his family, C::ptain ^^' . W . ^Monroe and family, Daniel
Duvall ami family, reache<l the town of Cliariton ami united their des-
tinies with the people of what is now the county of Cliariton. My
parents now sleep beneath its soil.
Soon afterwards Major Daniel Ashby, Abram Sportsman, James
Leejier, Samuel Williams and Colonel Henry T. Williams, son of
Samuel Williams, then a \-outh, selected this county as their future
home, and returned in ISIP ^vith their own families and many rela-
tions. They settled on what is now called the blurt's, all except Mr.
Samuel Williams, Colonel Henrv Williams' father, who selected the
southwest corner of the Bowling (jreeu prairie for his abode.
At that time what is now Chariton county belonged to Howard, and
remained such until about the time that Mi-isouri sought admission a-
ii State.
The town of Chariton was then the rival of St. Louis, and was
nearly, if not quite, as large. This oi)inion was so strong tluit many
persons flocked to Chariton, believing it would l)econie the largest:
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHAKITOX COUNTIES.
.545
city ill tlie tunitoiT. I'lic-h' I'>ili\- Oahceii exchaiiued lots in St. ]>i>uis
for lots ill Chariton, tout for foot. He improved tlio lots in C'luuitoii,
li\eil Kiaiiv years on tliein, and died on them, res|)cctpd l)v a larire
eirele of friends and liv al! who kn(>\v him. Cliariton (icoupie<l a level
of more than half a mile north and south, lyinjj: hetween lai-ire hills on
the east and the C'hai-ilon river ou the west — or soniethinLT less than
half a mile in width. In some portions of the town the houses wi-re
veiy close tooether. and wei'e hnilt of hriek. It was supposed to con-
tain nearly 3.0IH) inhahitaiits. If Yankee Dooille was to pass thronuh
the place now he could not see the houses for the town — the re\erse
of which was the c.a~c with him on a former occasion. The town of
Chariton couhl hoast of as eood society as any city in America, hav-
ing: men ofi^i'eat literary attainments, of skill in their professions, and
of great social endowments, representing almost all the noted institu-
tions of learniii'/ in this counti'v — even Edinburgh, Scotland, was
reiiresented. 1'he brothers Asa and Jonathan Fin<lk'y, who lived in
the southern part of the town, and built a saw mill on the second or
upper bank of the river — Doctors ^^'oods, ILdeman am.! Delanev, es-
pecially the two tirst, were men of gi-e;i.t skill and were men of letters.
S:)on Doctor Folgor and Doctor John Bull were .added to the profes-
sion. James Semple, a man of hne social powers, owned and con-
ducted a large tanncr\' on a creek that entered the level of the town
at its northern extremit\'. Mr. Semple mov<'d to Illinois and was a
Senator in Congress from that State for a full term of six years. On
the north side of the creek above alluded to, diagonally northwe-t of
the tannery, was a pottery (piite largely operate<l by a man liy the
name of Clements. Mr. Clements was a devoted churchnnui. Hi'
prayed long .and loud at almost :ill places of public w-or>hip. Hut he
butchered the English to such a degree that .a wag suLigested to liini
to get some one to tix him up a good prayer and in good laniina^e.
Clements caught at the ide.a, and the arrangement was made. Alwavs
after that Clements prayed the LonI to pull down thedevihs kingdom
and build it up again on a sure and more permanent foundation.
Above the [lottery about half a mile or more, on that same creek,
was a distillery owned by the Camerons, or McCorkles, or both. It
was purchased by the Gaitheis in 181!> or 182(.), Imt did not continue to
be used very long. There was another distilleiy, ou'ne<l bv Bavlor
Banks, about a mile below the town, and continued to be uscd for
man_v years by Richard Baidjs Thornton. There was a blacksniilh
shop kept by a num by the name of Dunlap. A cabinet shop owneil
54(« histui:y of iiowaud and ciiakitox counties.
hv :i iiiMii by the luinie ot' (tjiu'c. Mr. (lage took with him into luisi-
lU's-c a iiKin \vii()?e iKime was Young. Wlicu th<.' .^aiita Fo trade vx-
citeiiK'iit eoinineiiecil Yoiiiil; wt'iit ami ijccaine a t'aiiious momitaiuccf,
traiici- ami Indian tighltn'. Th<;re wa.s a second cabinet shop con-
ducted by a man by tlie name of Brims for many ^ears. F. "\V.
Raiiibricic conducted a tailor's establishment for ii great while. Jos-
eph Brum, Esq., had a hatter's shop for a Icuig time ; indeed, he ^vas
a fixtuiv as long as the town lasted.
About 1819 Doctor Ben Edwards, brother of Goveinor Ninuian Ed-
wards, of Illinois, itecame a citizen also. John Moore and Isaac
Campbell kept a hotel e.-ich, and died in the town. The Fistors and
(lillets lived there. Ivichard Plolenian, John and Henry Wigginton.
Beebout and others were carpenters, all doing heavy work. OM Cap-
tain White kept a whiskey shop for a great length of time neai- the
centre of the town. Colonel John B. White made saddles there for
many years, and if I remember correctly, the celebiated Kit Carson
worked with him some time. The Ivcv. Ebenczer llogers, a Baptist
minister, and a Mr. Pierce were the school teachers of the town and
its neighborhood, and almost ail the children that belonged to the vi-
cinity l>egan their training under these two men. In 1819 my grand-
father, Colonel Joseph J. Monroe, brother of the then President, the
compeer of William A\'irt, a man of vast learning and a gi-aduate of
P^dinburgh, became a citizen and liccame distinir'uished for his success-
ful defence of Ccdouei Picharfl (ientiy, who was tried for the killing
of young Carroll, of Franklin. He purcha.sed land about three miles
west of Fayette, and lived but a short time after moving to it. I)Ut
the most prominent citizen Of the place was Geiieral Duff Green, who
seemed to be tlie pro|)rietor of the to\\n, and gave tone and direction
to nearly all its leading iudusirie.s. General Green lived in a long
framed house, located on a small Ijranch that ran due west through
the centre of the town, dividing the large hills east of it and along
which the public road ran going east and west. He built the walls
of a large two story brick house, containing fourteen rooms, Ir.id it
covered in, but left the house untiiiished to engage in the management
of a ne>vspaper in St. Louis, which was to promote the interest of
Mr. Calhoun for the Presidency. But this enterprise failed, ant!
General (jreen established a i)aper called the I'deyrapk in Washing-
ton City in advocacy of General Jackson's claims. General Green
took a leading position in politics at once, and was thought to have
HISTOr.Y OF HOWAHD AN11 CHAKITON COUNTIES. .'>47
been tlie prime Cause of Gfiierul Jackson's election unci the director
of the leading featiives of his adiiiiuistralion.
General Green died recently in Dalton, Georgia. Milton Sublett
was a clerk in General Green's store for several years, hut joined his
brother William in his mountain trading and became distinguished as
a trapper and Indian iigliter. Andrew Sublett, another brother,
lived ill Chariton for some time, when he also became a mountain.cer.
Southeast of the town lived the Douglasses, Loughliiis, Hookers and
Warrens. But near them there lived the family of Burlesoiis, who
went to Texas at an early day and became prominent citizens of that
State, or rather Mexican province. Ned Burleson took a leading po-
sition there, and after the independence of Texas was achieved he be-
came Vice-President of the Lone Star State.
Austin, himself, who colonized Texas with that element that after-
wards secured it from Mexico, was once a citizen of Howard county.
In 1818, Colonel John :\I. Bell and Archibald Hix lived on the
southern edge of the Bowling Green prairie. Lower down on the
Missouri bottom land lived Richard Woodson, Heniy Lewis, James
Earickson, Perry Earickson, Alexander Trent, John iloss, AVilliam
!Moberly, Nat Butler, Jesse Clark and others. Colonel Hiram Craig,
Captain James Hery ford, William Crawford, F. A. Bradford, Foulers,
Locks, Campbells. M;irtin^, Davises, Parks, and Hay lived in the
t'orks of Chariton, and soon the McCoUums. Dinsmores, IJyans,
Vance, Watsons, ^IcDaniels and Andersons settled there. Colonel
Martin Palmer lived in the western edge of the Bowling Green prairie,
on a ereek to which his name is given. Colonel Palmer went to Texas,
tried to raise a revolution, failed and had to come back to Arkansas,
where he prospered. From Roanoke towards Chariton, lived the
Fosters, who gave name to the prairie near tliat town. Collins,
Kirtleys, Curtises, ^laggards, Ned Farr, Pages, Morrises, Burtons,
Ligards and Drinkards. Still nearer the Chariton lived the celebrated
Dr. John Sappington. Still nearer were the Maddoxs, Longs, Bailey,
Gords, and Johu Doxy, who gave name to Doxy's fork, that empties
in the Chariton river, above the town. Farther west was the
Forresters, Tooleys, Moores, and others. Captain P. Browder lived
about half a mile north of the Bowling Green [)rairie, and his was the
outside dwelling on the North Imagine, a line drawn from the north-
ern part of Foster's prairie, northwesterly to Grand river ferry, and
it would be the northern boundary of all the settlements in what is
now the couutv. Indeed there was not a house on the north of that
.'>4 8 HISTOnV OF HOWAKt) AND CUAUITON rOUNTIKS.
lino to the luirth polo, iinloss it was a huiitor's but or an Indian wij:-
wam.
Mr. Littlehy was the first sottlor on tlio wost side of tlio Chaiiton.
;iiKi north of the Musolo I'ork. Ho hnill above White's mill, and it
became the house of William Holly, ami of old Unole l?on Lano, after-
wards. The town of Chariton was the sniiiilv point for all the per-
sons and sottieinonts I have named. Kut its business was laii;-ol_v
augmented by the arrival of James Koss, John Awll, James Glas-
gow, John G. Graves and Sto|ihen Donohue, Comfoi-t Titfany and his
brother Otis Tillany, all of whom engaged in mereantilo |inr<uits.
Dr. Bull joined Mr. Graves in business, following his profession
succe.ssfully, and was finally elected to Congress, when Missouri was
entitled to but one Keprt'sontaiive. Dr. Dull deserves the entire
credit of the Platte purchase. Thomas Perry, Esq.. kept ferry
across the two Chariton rivers at their junction, and while so occupied,
t.'inned his first side of leather in a trough. He went to what is called
the Hurricane*, and engaged in tanning extensivel}'. It will lio seen
by the manner in which the old sottlors were located, as I have
atttmpted to show, that they all followed the timber — there
were no prairie farms. It took years of labor to clear land.
Timber cutting. log-rollings and quiitings by day. and vorn
shuckings and dances by night, with an al)Un<lanoc of whiskey.
made things merrv. Who dfxs not remombei- tlie c(U-n-songs that
tilled the air for miles, as the crowd joined in the chorus at th'st-
merry-makings. The celebration at night, of tlic admission ot Mis-
souri as :i State in the Union, excelled all that I had ever seen or
heard, then a boy of eight years. Bonfires ])hized on the liills and iit
the street. Houses were lighted and windows sparkled. Music
floated in grand accord, and the hills sent the echoes westwardly to
gladden the hearts of our pooido that Mis-nuri was a sovereign Slate.
I have an instrument now that sent forth its sweetest strains, berause
of the sentiment that entered into them in announcing a new i)ori\
State.
In 1819 and ISiO a bill wa-. [)resented to Congre-s for the admission
of Maine and Missouri. The first section admitted Maine, the second
admitted Missouri, to which was added a proviso that -lavcry or in-
voluntary servitmle should never e.xist north of the parallel ot •)tJ : 30,
except within the limits of Mi.ssouri. Much bitter discussion ensued.
The Abolitionists resorted to every ex|)edient to defeat tlie admission
of Missouri without making their reasons public. The friends of
Missouri labored hard for its success. A vote was ordcM-ed, but before
' UlsTOUY OF HOWAliD AND CIIAUITON CUl'MIES. 549
it 'iva:? taken ;i motion was made to strike tlic -eeond section tVcnii the
hill, down to the word ■' pro\ ided."" That motion carried, when the
hill became a law, admittini: !Maiiio as a State, with the provisi' at-
tached. ^^'hat is generally known as the " Missonri Coniproniise '"
is realh' the [Maine compromise.
Missouri was remanded to her territorial condition. This took place
in ^larcli, 1820.3 Some time alter this action Mr. Clay and General "\\'m.
II. Harrison. jhoth strong friends of ^Missouri, had a conversation
with one of the most jironiinent op|)oncnts of Missouri, in which they
learned tliat the enemies of Missouri opposed its admission because
they believed tliat a clause in the constitution of Missouri, which had
been sulimitted, prohibited the settlement (A' free persons of color
within her limits, and that if tliat objeftion was now overcome, that
they would cease their opposition. Mr. Clav and General Harrison
repeated this to the friends of Missouri, and they so arranged that
the convention of ^Ii:-,-.()uri should re-a.-seuibk', rc[)ea! or blot out the
obnoxious clause, and a bill was brought in declaring that when that
shotdd be done, the Presitlent should issue a proclamation admitting
[Missouri as a State within tluee mouths from the time that the
aiiieuded constitution of [Missouri shi>uld reach the Secretary (;!' State,
all of which being done [Missouri \\as atlmitti'd !>}• })roclaination of
the President in August, 1821. During thesei'X<iting times the county
of Howard was organized in its [)resent shape, and tJliariton county
began in the river, at the northwest corner of Howard, followed the
north line of Howard to a certain point, tlienee north to Iowa, west
to Grand river, down that ri\"er tij the Missouri, and to the beginning.
This eml)raced a huge territory, which now forms some of the larg-
est and most thiifty counties in North [Mis-oiiri. Then the only oc-
cupants were tlie wild beasts and roving Indiati-. J have seen hundreds
of them as they moved their cani[)s at will, or came to Chariton to
exchange their peltries for needed su[)plies. When the organization
of Chariton county was complete, Samuel ^^'illialus, Escp, father of
our esteemed fellow-citizen John B. Williams, was the representative
in the Legislature ; he had been one of the delegates to the constitu-
tional convention. He died before his time of representation expired.
Ephraim Moore was the tirst sheritf, James Earickson. David Ashley.
and John N. Bell composed tlie tirst Cdtinty court. David Todd w.as
judge of the circuit court, and my father, Edward B. Caliell, was clerk
of both courts, cdunty treasurer, notary public, and postmaster. I
am satisfied that tor se\eral years he coidd carry the majority of the
37
5-30 HISTOKY or HOWARD AND CIIAKITON COl'KTIKS.
papers of the two clet'k-^liip^ in Iiik IkU. The tirst det'd Ixiok was made
by my motlier, hy sewiiiij; quires of foolscap tojrether. I have ii\ my
possession now the seal thai lie used, until the courts provided oiKcial
seals. Pardon me for saying that to him more than any other man
that ever lived in Chariton are its citizens indebted for perfection of
titles to their lands. For \ve occui)\' ihe central pait <if the military
land district, arul iiint-tcinhs of nur lands are military, and foi- years
he gave advice to all who called on him tor his opinions, never charg-
ing one dollar tor it. During a period of al)out six years theie was
not a huvj-er resident in Cliuriton counvy. say from abf)ui the year
18i7 to I800. Colonel li. T. \\'illiams preached law from ISll* to about
1829, when he went South, and was appointed surveyor-general of
public lauds in the State of Louisian.i. Major \V. II. Havls was tlie
next permanent resident attorney. He came to the county as a lawyer
in 1S33 or 183-4, after the court had been moved to Keytesville. His
father's family had been old residents of the county, returned to Chari-
ton in 1831 or 1532, and our late worthy sheriti", H. H. lJavi», is a
native of Chariton county.
The <ourts of Cliarilim were attend.ed l)y some of tlie most distin-
guished men in America — the brothers Archiimld and Hamilton ii.
Gamble, Judges McGirk, Wash. Tompkins, Kyland, Leonard, Generu!
John B. Clark, John Wil-on, and otli.-rs.
The first man that was killed wa> by the name of Drinkaid.in a feud
with the Inyards. 'f he next that I rememljer was Goodman (j. Oldham,
in Keytesville, in 183-1, a period of about fifteen years intervening.
About the time that the county was organized the great influx of
po|)ulation commenced that has resulted in reducing the county to its
present limits.
During all the time that Chariton was the business jioint we de-
peuded o'n heavy road wagons and keel boats for supjilies, and upon
flat boats to carry of!" our surplus, especially our tobacco, which had
to be sent to New Orleans as the only market for it. I rememijer
well what a long time it totik to get returns from it. Man-\- of us re-
member Captain Jack Minn, Jesse Spense and Andrew Thrask ;is Hat
boat pihns, and many of us can show the boat yards where the boats
were built that took our corn and juirk and tol)acco to market. 'Would
you like to know what sort of people those men were that cleared up
the bush and heavy timber, and fought manfully with de|)rivation and
want, and made an empire out of this vast wilderness? I knew them
at their firesicies. in their families and their homes. No cuie was ever
turned from their doors hunirrv or naked, if the;- hail the food and
HISTORY OK IIOWAUD AND CIIACITOX COUNTIES. 551
clotliiiig. No, Dot even l!ie Indian savage. Their doois \vei-e always
open ; they kept no locks nor bars. Their trusty rifles and faithful
dogs were the onl}' safogunrds they had around them. They were a
l)and of brothers having a common interest, and enjoj'ed a conmioii
home. There was no law-breaking, no violence, no rush for money-
making beyond their wants judiciously indulged. 1 have seen them
wiien the 'war-whoop was sounded, with all things ready, set ofl' at
only a moment's warning, to rescue their neighbors from the Indian
torch and Indian scalping-icnife, andl have seen tiiem return to the quiet
of their liomes as if war had no dangers. To one who sits with us 1
can point as one of the solid men of that day, the central figure in
many an adventure, a legislator for sixteen years, an ofiicer of the
federal government, and now almost a ceiiteuarian. Still a citizen, I
can point to him as tiie living embodiment of the characteristics of
the meia of iifty-uine years ago. I have seen him take his life in fine
hand and his rille in the other, and go out to the triumph of law over
anarchy and disorder. .Vnd I deem it not im[)roi)er to say tiiat where-
ever the name of Daniel Boone may be proiioun<'ed as the greatest
jiioneer of llic Western world, that of Daniel Asiili\' mav properlv be
coupled with it, for the scenes of the leading ad\cntures of each have
now become empires larger than many of the countries of the Old
World.
We are licforc yim as a connecting link lietu'een the past and the
present. We have seen this great country reclaimed froin the wilder-
ness that reigned supreme sin(^e time began, and become tin- home of
civilization, refined and intelligent. We have seen the lieavy road
wagon give place to the jmtf of the engine and the flutter of the wheel
of the steambo;a which bionght us our supplies and look our sur-
plus to market. We have seen the iron horse, with clanginghoof and
l)reath of flame, hissing contempt for the space lying before it, make
neighbors of distant cities and almost supplant the steamboat. We
have seen the electric telegraph enter the race with light, and beating
the tardy sunbeam, deliver messages ahead of time. \\'e have seen
school houses dot the country and education brought to everv cliild.
We have seen churches erecting their ?]iires heavenward in places
wliere the pagan, on bended knee, a\\'aited the first glittering of the
rising sun, and we can remember, too, the time when
" The .«ounil of the church-iroinf; bell
These vallejs aud hills never heard,
Nor sighed at the sound of a kuell,
Nor smiled when a Sabbath appeared."
552 HISl'OUY OF Jli>\\Al;I) AND CIlAItlTON COUNTIKS.
Wc b-dVQ seen tlie star o'l' empire tiiiisli its western course, ;uni,
iKUiging hii;"li above the I'aeitie, send haek its r:i_vs in milden splemlm-
upon nearly tifty niilliniis ot' Anieriean eitizens. Few of ns Iktc rep-
resent territiirial tiine.s. A\'(' Iiave liceii law-abiding citizens. alwa\s
setting a good exanipK; liel'ore our associates. No indictment or
charge of disorder was ever hronglit against any of us, and it may he
that we are spared liy an All-\vi<e Providence :is sentinels npcjn the
watch-tower of time, to witness still greater blessings to the human
race. "\Ve have seen dome-tic war in its horror of blood, ^^'e iiave
seen tlie scum that the i)olitical cauldron casts to the surface whi'U set
to i)oiling by passion ruled with tyranic — with revengeful t«'ri-or.
But thank God (who rule>^ the destinies of governments and ol' men )
wo are seeing the [leople gradually, but surely, retuining to rea>on
and wise government. Young America is giving wav to wiser and
more experienced heads, and hearts are becoming more tender towards
the public good. Our ranks are thinned by death and removals, l)nt
we indulge the hope that this remnant may be spared to witness yet
farther advances in human progress."
NAJIKS OF OLD SETTLERS.
In this connection, we give below the names of a number of old
settlers, who located in (.'hariton county between the years 181 'S and
1833. The list embraces 2(.)5 names.
The first settlers in any new county [lass thriaigh an expeiience
which no succeeding generation will ever l)e able to fuliv apjtreciatc.
The time is already i)ast when tlie youth of the present even have
any proper eonce[>tinns of the vicissitudes, dangers, and trials. whi<!i
the pioneer fathers and mothers were compelled toundergo to maintain
a footing in tlie States west of the great Mississi}>pi. ■ Ever\- new ^n-
tlement wrote a history of its own, which differed from otlier> in
the nature of its surroundings, but the aggregate of the e.xi.iericnce
of all was one never again to I)e repeated in the same terrilor\- or
country. The mighty woods and the soletnn prairies are no hmuei'
shromled in mystery, and their effect on tlie minds of the early
comers, are sensations which will be a sealed book to the future.
Year by year the circle of tliese old veterans of civilization i-^ narrow-
ing. Ail that is most vivid and valualile in meniorv is ra|iidl\ dis-
appearing. Gray hairs ami bowed forms attest the march of time. Jt
is for this reason, therefore, that no personal sketch of pioneer -I'l-
lirsTOKY OK IIDWAIIU AND (HAKITON COLNTIKS. OOrf
tk'i'.-, Imuever rudely <.h';i\vii, or iinn!;itin\' in dotail. can be club-ed
ns tho work of mere vain ^lory. On the conLrary, the future will
ti'oasure tiietn, and, as the a-eneratiou^ i-eeede, they will heeonie more
and more ohjeets tjf interest and real value. The nienibry of the
jiioneer is one that the world will ne\er eoirsent to let fade. Its
transmission is a priceless gift to the future.
E. n. Cahell, Martin Law,
James Earicksou, L. Blankenship,
l^iehard Earickson, ^Vm. Ilmu-ton,
Epliraim ^Nloore, Sr., Dv. I'ettigrew,
Jolm Moore, Sr. , B. Williams,
K. Moore, J. P. Williams,
J. Moore, T. Ncwhold,
A. Lock, Wm. Xewbold,
Nil. Lock, • J. J. Ewing,
Thomas Lock, P. ^'enable,
Wm. Lock, F. Wood,
D. Lock, • John Leon,
S. Burch, Judge Burcli,
J. Vance, H. Service,
N. Butler, Gabriel Comptou,
C. W. Bell, Charles Comptou,
E. Trent, Isaac Comptou,
H. Trent, James Forrest,
Wm. Monroe, * Dr. Folger,
A. Ilix, Dr. L Bull,
John Doxy, Merchant Graves,
M. Llewelhn, David Johnson (col.),
J. Whiteside, B. Lane,
W. Sheppard, J. l\yau,
J. Heryford, J. McDonald,
Wm. Heryford, J. McDaniel,
J. Glasgow, L. Kerj'man,
T. Watson, L. Sipples,
Wm. Pinick, J. Stark,
P. Price, P. E. Thomas,
D. ^Mleeler, B. Wood,
J. Gutheridge, J. Anderson,
D. Green, S. Allen,
b[>4 HISTOIiY OF HOWAKI) AM> rilAl'ITOX COfNTIKS.
J. Brooks, S. Sterling,
J. ],:ine, A. ^[cDuiiiel,
M. Lane, N. Mimsfield,
S. Veal, J. Andrews,
J. Grubbs, E. Morely,
J. Welch, K. Morgiin,
R. Davis, S. Lewis,
J. Sportsman, C. Coy,
J. Fowler, A. Martin,
J. Hftlsey, Wni. Taylor,
R. Hayes, P. Parks,
T. Stanley', M. Montgonieiy,
J. Porch," F. Hurst,
E. Beatty, John iNIoore,
J. Beatty, A. Davie,
M. Marsh, Win. :Martin,
J. Doss, E. Ainsworth,
J. B. Anderson, H. Bradford,
J. Keyte, F. Bradford,
J. Copper, G. Abbott,
J. Wilbur, Win. Blakely,
D. Ashby, T. Jones,
H. Craig, A. Smith,
J. Payne, R. Sanders,
J. Waddle, F. Gyre,
T. AValton, J. Reyixdds,
L. Applegate, J. Kavanaugh,
F. Beamlirick, J. Stevenson,
W. Rooker, M. Snow,
H. Clark, L. Snow,
C. Turpin, W. Darrell,
M. Morgan, M. Darrell,
Capt. Browder, A. Darrell,
F. Redding, W. Baker,
Wm. Allen, . W. McCallister,
W. Talbott, J. Beckett,
T. Trent, W. Barber,
W. Crawford, S. Shives,
D. L. Price, Jas. Woods,
A. Sportsman, W. Dryden,
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITON COL'NTIES. 555
B. Cross, C. A^hhy,
C. Csher, C. Camper.
P. Giahain, R. Latham,
E. Graham, J. Mayburv,
W. Fair, C. McFerriu,
D. Culbeitson, J. Ellison,
P. Gutluie, George Jackson,
G. AVills, J. Hihler.
C. Payne, J. Gragg,
J. Daitun, W. Hihkr,
H. Ashby, Jao. Hibler,
H. Scales, Jas. Hibler,
Wm. Cabine, W. Latham,
B. Lewis, E. Payne,
R. Sisk, James Yates,
L. Sisk, Geo. Addis,
S. McCollam, "\V. Addis,
Wm. McCollam, B. Gentry,
B. Gentry, Jas. Murlan,
S. Hutchison. S. Williams,
S. Price. W. Fox,
B. Ashbv, W. Tomlinson,
W. Breeze, B. Hayes,
G. Breeze, C. J. Cabell,
P. Lapsou, E. Hayes,
S. Dinsmore, D. Hayes,
S. Gardner, Eli Williams (col. ),
H. Hurt, Thos. Ashby,
Dr. Scroggius, Saul AsLby,
T. B. Edgar, W. Lee,
John Hudn-ill, ' W. Anderson.
A POEM BY AN OLD .SKTTLER.
'Tis almost half a hundred years,
Siuce yoii and I, old pioneer,
With aspirations free
A home within this region .sought;
But who of ns then dreamed or thought
To see the many ch.inges wrought,
That we have lived to see?
55G HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHAKITOX COUNTIES.
From fliflcrent countu'-^ tliuti we came;
Our object and our aim t'.ie same —
A home in this f.ir \Vtst.
A cabin here and there was fonnd,
Perhaps a little spot of srouud
Inclosed and cleared, while all around
In nature's garb was dressed.
Here then we saw the sroves of green
Where woodman's a.K had ue\er been —
The spreading prairies too.
Within these groves so dense and dark
Was heard tlie squirrel's saucy bark;
The bounding stag was but the mark
To prove the rifle true.
But all !S changed ar.d cabin's gone;
The clapboard roof with weight poles ou,
The rough hewn puncheon floor;
The chimneys made of stick and clay
Are seen no more: g(jne to decay;
The men that built them, where are they?
I need not ask you more.
They're gone, but they're remembered yet,
Those cabin homes we can't forget
Although we're growing old:
Fond memory still the spot reveres,
The cabin homes of youthful years
Where with compatriot i)ioueers
We pleasure had untold.
The deuse and tangled woodland too, »
The groves we often wandered through
No longer now are there;
The prairie with its SMurd of green
With flowers wild no more are seen.
But farms with dusty lanes between
Are seen where once they were.
Large towns and villages arise
And steeples point toward the skies.
Where all was desert then;
And nature's scenes have given place
To those of art; the huuter's chase
Has yielded to the exciting race
Of speculating men.
Ah, yes my friends, old pioneers,
Full many a change within those years
The country's undergone ;
HIS^TORV OF HO^VAUD AND CHAKITUN COLNTU>,
How i.KiQV changes il':. l)a^^c•'■l tluoiigb-
And we old friends are ohaiiL'ins too —
There's been a change in me and you
And still thai chan-e goes on.
\ud when we Ihinlc upon the past,
Those friends who,e lots will: us were cast
On this one wild frontier,
And pass them all in our review,
As often times in tliought we do —
Alas! how very few
Are there remaining here,
A few more years will come and go,
As other years have done, you know;
And thou — ah, yes, what then?
The world will still be moving on ;
Bat we, whose cheeks are growing wan.
Will not be here : we'll all be gone
From out the ranks of man.
Our places will bo vacant here,
And of the last old pioneer
The land will be bereft.
The places which we here have tilled.
The fields which we have cleared and idled,
Our barns, though empty or though tilled.
To others will be left.
But ere we pass to that far bourne,
From whence no traveller can return,
We meet old pioneers.
The few of us who yet remain.
And we who here have met, would fain
Now clasp those friendly hands again.
We clasped in by-gone years.
In glad reunion now we meet,
Each other once again to greet,
And conversation bold;
And while we socially to-day
A few brief hours may while away,
Let us, although our heads are gray.
Forget that we are old.
Let us go back — in memory, go
Back to the scenes of long ago,
When we were blithe and young ;
When hope and expectation bright
Were bouyant, and our hearts were light:
And fancy, that delusive sprite.
Her ^iren sonnets sun-:.
558 HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHAIMTON COUNTIES.
And as we join in fiieutlly chat.
We'll speak of this and talk of that.
And of the many thiiiijs
That have occurred within the land,
Since first the little S(|Uatter band
Came to this couiitry, now so grand,
Before 'twas ruled by rings.
'Tis natural that we should think,
While standiUL^ on the rivers brink, ~
How wide the stream ha«i grown.
We saw it when 'twas but a rill.
Just bursting from the sunny hill;
And now Its surging waters till
A channel broad, unknown.
'Tis natural and proper, too
That we compare the old and new —
The present and past, —
And speak of those old fogy ways
In whicli we passed our younger days,
Then of the many new displays
That crowd upon us fast.
We little knew of railroads then.
Nor dreamed of that near period when
We'd drive the iron liorse ;
And t'would have made the gravest laugh,
Had he been told butoue-half
The wonders of the telegraph —
Then in the brain of Morse.
We did not have machinery then.
To sow and reap and thresh the grain,
^ But all was done by hand;
And those old-fashioned implements
Have long ago been banished hence.
Or rusting, lie beside the fence —
No longer in demand.
Yes, there are grown up men I know.
Who never saw a bull-tongue plow,
A flail or reaping hook;
And who could not describe, you know,
A swinging board or knife, although
Their grandmas used them long ago,
And lessons on them took.
The young man now would be amused
To see some things his grandsire used.
Some things he ne'er has seen.
HISTORY OF HOWAKO AND CHAKIK^N COUNTIES. 559
The way in which «t ch'an our wheat,
When two strong men with bhinlii't sheet
Would wiunow out the chafl and cheat,
And twice or tlirhv the tbiu;z repeat,
Until the grain will clean.
The single shovel plow and hoe,
To clean out weeds was all the show —
We knew no better ways;
And now our sens would laugh to scorn
Such pobv ways of making corn,
And bless their stars that they were born
In more enlightened days.
They say the world is wiser grown,
They've got the speaking telephone —
Talks twenty miles or more.
And preachers now may preach and pray
V To congregations miles away,
And thousand other things they say
We never had before.
And yet I do not know but what
The pioneer enjoyed his lot.
And lived as much at ease.
As men in these enlightened days
• With all their strange, new-fangled ways.
Which wealth and fashion now displays.
The mind of man to please.
'Tis true we di^i not live so fast,
But socially our time was passed.
Although our homes were mean.
Onr neighbors then were neighbors true,
And every man his neighbor knew.
Although those neighbors might be few
And sometimes far between.
Ah, yes, old pioneers, I trow,
The world was brighter then than now
To us gray-headed ones.
Hope pointed us beyond the vale.
And whispered us a fairy tale
Of coming pleasures, ne'er to fail
Through all the shining suns.
Ambition, too, with smile so soft.
Was pointing us to seats aloft,
Where fame and honor last.
We had not learned what now we know,
The higher up the mount we go.
The storms of life still fiercer blow.
And colder is the blast.
560 HISTOia' OF IIOWAUD AND CIIAIUTON COUNTIES.
Tliat though we reach the mountain top;
Fruition tuul of every hope,
Or wear the victor's crown :
Thousrli fur above the cloiuls we tread,
There's other clouds still overhead,
And on the mind there i> the dread,
The dread of coming diiwii.
Ah, yes. Old Settler.s, one and all.
Whatever may us yet befall,
We will not, can't loriiet.
The simple, old-fashioued plan.
The routes in which our father's ran
Before the age of steam began
To run the world in debt.
And while we talk upon the past.
Of friends who are dropping off so fast,
And those already gone.
It may not be, my friends, amiss
For each of us to this —
The curtain of f(>rgetfiiluess
Will soon be o'er us drawn.
And though in glad reunion we
Have niet to-day, perhaps 'twill be
A day of taking leave.
And we who oft have met before,
And parted in the days of yore.
We'll part, perhaps, to meet no more
When we shall part this eve.
The mind goes back through all the years —
We call to mind the pioneers,
Those bold and hardy men;
We pass them in the mind's review.
The many dead, the living few.
Those unpretending settlers who
Were our compatriots then.
Yes, some of these were noted men,
Well known, and much respected then,
.Although their coats were plain;
And when in ollice they were placed,
They proved themselves not double-faced —
The people's trust was not misplaced,
We need such men again.
We had our courts of justice then,
A terror to dishonest men,
Who feared the halters drop.
Judge Riyland then the courts could hold
HISTOliY OF HOWAKD AM> (HAKITON COUNTIES. 5()1
III full a dozen counties tulil,
Heculf ttie oa^es n]:ii'.ifol.l,
And keep with business up.
And then tlie preachers of those days
Were noted for their simple ways,
And some tor style uucouth.
Bui they are gone, they all are deed,
Another class are in their stead,
Much better paid and better read.
But have they more of truth ?
But time would fail to speak of all
Those changes tliat our minds recall;
The world is shifting strange.
And soon its shifting scenes will bear
The last old pioneer to where
His lost and loved companions are.
Low in the silent grave.
But ere, my friends, we hence embark.
We fain would place some lasting mark,
Upon this mountain shore
A mark the traveller may see
In coming years and know that we
Have lived and passed the road that he
May then be passing o'er.
When death's dark curtain shall be drawn
And we old pioneers are gone.
Let trutliful history tell
To far posterity the tale,
As down the stream of time they sail,
How we with motto " never fail "
Came here and what befell.
Let history then impartial state
The incidents of every date.
And that it so may do, ^
Let pioneers of every age.
In this important work engage.
And each of them produce his page,
His page of history true.
The incidents of early years,
Known only to the pioneei->,
With them will soon be lost.
Unless before they hither go.
Those incidents are stated so
Posterity the facts may know,
When thev the stream have crossed.
CHAPTER XY.
Railroads — Boudpi:] Indebtedness — Swamp Lands and Miscellaneous Matter.
RAILROADS.
In the whole history of the industrial world tliere is nothing to
compare to the enterprise shown in raih-oad building in the United
States. But little more than half a century ago the practicability of
railroad transportation, according to the present principle of traction,
was for the first time successfully demonstriited. To George Stephen-
son, of England, a man of humble birth and forttnie, l)iit of the greatest
natural genius, behnigs the lion<n' of this crowning triumph of the
utilization of steam. On tlie 27th of Septemlter, 1625, he made the
first really successful trip ever made on a railroad by steam, by run-
ning a locomotive drauing a train of cars at tlie rate of twelve miles :tn
hour on the railway from .Stockton to Darlington. His success elec-
tritied the world. Ail Kuropc; and America rushed into railroad
building. The Quincy liailroad in the United States was commenced
during the winter oi tlie same vear and was comj)leted the following
year. Other parts of the country quickly followed tiie example there
set. and the United States soon distanced all other countries in rail-
road building. We now have in regular operation over 25,000 miles
of road, or within a few thousand miles of as numy as there are in all
the balance of the world.
As population jnished on out West railroads were extended into the
interior, and Missouri, although at that time a frontier State, showed
commendable enterprise and liberality in encouraging railroad V)uild-
ing. Various railroad enterprises were discussed and advocated in
this State as early as 1835, and two rears afterwards charters were
granted by the Legislature to the St. I^ouis and Bellevue Mineral and
the Louisiana and CoIuml)ia Railroad Companies. These were after-
wards merged into the charters of the Iron Mountain and the Flauni-
bal and St. Joe companies. After the close of the Mexican war, the
(5G2)
HISTORY OF HOWAUI) AND CIlARrTON COUXXrES. ^t<0
building of a railroad to the Pacitic coast hciiaii to he agitated, and
the people of Missouri, and particularly of St. Louis, were among the
first to advocate the enterprise. The policy of St. Louis was to Ituild
three grand trunk lines from that cit}', one directly west up the Mis-
souri into Kansas and to the Pacitic ; another towards Arkansas and
the Southwest; and the third toward.s Iowa and the great Northwest.
For these roads charters were granted hy the Legislature, and they
ultimately became the Missouri Pacific, the Iron Mountain and the
North Missouri, rcsjiectively.
THE NOKTII MISSOURI RAILROAD rOMl'AN'V.
The North Missouri Railroad was chartered on the 1st of March.
1851. The company was authorized to build, equip and operate a
railroad from .St. Louis via St. Charles, thence on the dividing ridge
between the Missouri and ilississippi rivers througli this State to the
Iowa line and in the direction of Dcs Moines. The road was com-
pleted to St. (.'liarles in August, 1S55 ; to A\'avrenton in August, 1S37 ;
to Mexico in May, 18.58 ; to Moberlv in November of the same year ;
and to Macon in February, 1859.
THE CHARITON AND RANDOLPH RAILROAD COMPANY.
Chariton county was not touched by the route taken l)y this road.
But her citizens were equal to the euiergeney. In 185.5 the Legislature
had passed a general railroad law authorizing the formation of railroad
companies by articles of association, et(.'., and conferring upon the
companies so formed very liberal powers and privileges. Varifuis
meetings of the citizens of the eountv were held looking to the build-
ing of a railroad from some point on the North. Mississiii])! through
this county and on u[) the Missouri river to the Kansas State line.
LT::der the general law, before a certificate of incorporation could
be issued at least $1,000 had to be subscril/cd and five per cent there-
of actually paid into the treasury of the coin[)any for every mile of
road proposed to be built. The tirst movement in the county taking
tangil^le shape for building the road was the oiranization r.f tiie Cluiri-
tiin and Randolph Railroad Company, which was ell'eeted on
the 20th day of November, 1858. This was organized under the
general law, and the building of the road from the North Missouri in
Randolph county, a given point on the North ilissouri Railroad in
Randolph county, to Brunswick, a distance of forty-three miles, re-
5(i4 UlSTOllV OF irOWAUD AND CIIAIMTOX COUNTIES.
qiiii'iiii: :i siilisi-iiptidu of stock to the ;uiiouiit ot'$4-'!,000, was all tha.t
was attiiat timo pi'oposetl. CoiisiilcriiiL!' tlic limited pojiulatioii of tho
county, and that its citizens were ni'arh' all " new coiiiei-.s '' and men
of small means, tliis was certainly a large amount to raise ]>\ lu'ivate
.subsci-iption. That the stock was readily taken Ity the people of the
county i:i in the hiiihest deuree ere(lital>le to their pul)lie spirit . A
copy of the oriiiinrd articles of association, together with the .subscrip-
tions uiiule is here given.
Articles of association made and enteied into this '2t)th dav of
November A. D. one thousand ('iglit huudrei.l and tifty-eight.
§ 1. This as.sociation shall be called the Chariton and I'andolph
Kailroad Company, and shall continue one hundred years.
§ "2. The object of this association is to construct, maint.ain and
operate a railroad for public use in the convey.ance of persons and
property between the city of Biuuswick in the count}' of Chariton and
sonie point on the North Missouri Kailroad in Randolph county,
tlirough the counties of Chariton. Howard, and Randolph, or solely
through the eounlies of Cliaritou .and Jtandi>l]ih.
§ 3. The capital stock ot' the comiian\' >.hall l)e two million dollars
and sli.dl consist of twenty thousand shares.
§ 4. The number of miles of railroad to be constructed by this
company shall be forty-three.
§ 5. Sterling Price, Adamantine Johnson, John Ballentine, William
C. Moberly, Isaac Brinker R. H. iNIusser, Thomas li. Price, Lucius
Salisbury, Willis H. Plunkett and John P. Williams, of Chariton
countv ; Rice Battersou, of Howard couiitv ; Giiorge Burckhartt, of
Randolph county, and Lisbon A|)[)lcg;ite, of Chariton county shall
coniprije its first board of directors, wh<i shall hold their office for the
period of one year, oi' until their successors are aiipointed.
§ t;. The stockholders of the company shall elect the board
of directors once every year on ad.iy to be appointed and lived liy the
bv-laws of the association.
§ 7. This ussocitition is organized under iuid subject to the general
laws of the State of .Missouri known as .in act to authorize the for-
mation of railroad .is-ociatioiis and to regulate the same, approved
December 13, 1X55.
We, the undersigned suii-cril)ers to the ca[)ital stock of the' Chari-
ton and Kandol[ih Kailroad Comii.m}-, hereliy agree to be governed by
the above articles of association and to pay the several sums set op-
posite our names to the president and directors of said company iu
HISTORY or HOWAKD AND CII MIITOX COUNTIKS.
f)(;
such inshiUmouts as iiiny lie required, to iiioct the expenses of the
.•(iiistruetion oftlie almve mentioned railroad wlienever called ui)on by
thcni to do so, and to pa} live i)er centum on said stock on subscrili-
inir for the same : «
N AMI'S.
KKSIDENCES.
NO. or SHAKES.
AMOUNT.
,1. & G. M. Bri nicer.
Chariton,
20
$2,000
Ballentine & Anl< alt
"
20
2,000
Johnson it Co.,
."
15
1,-500
Johnson, Barr & Co.,
"
5
500
R. H. Musser,
<<
2
200
W. n. Phnikett,
"
2
200
Sterling Price,
"
5
500
Jas. McFerran,
"
100
Philip Cooper,
<<
100
Madison S. Marsh,
"
200
W. W. Hickman,
<<
100
J. G. Hammer,
(<
100
Wm. E. Mo!)erly,
((
500
Wni. W. McCalfister,
((
100
Thos. In en!). .Id,
<(
200
Jas. McCnIlough,
It
, 100
Elias Elliott,
>(
100
Jonathan H. Orley,
<c
100
R. G. Peazley,
"
200
C. W.- Warden,
<(
100
L. Bauersmith
"
100
C. B. Rhodes,
t(
100
Jno. E. M. Triplett,
(<
100
J no. Beaty,
"
100
Asa Turner,
"
200
Jno. S. Craig,
"
100
Wm. M. Neiisou,
(<
200
S. Munzey,
"
400
P. 11. Staples,
"
200
L. ILirman,
"
100
Piunkett Ab Ferguson,
ii
200
Jas. 0. Roiny,
««
5
500
A. D. Day,
"
5
500
Wm. B. Watts,
t(
n
500
38
inSTORY OF HOWAliD AND CUAUITOX COUNTIES.
.las. S. GiUison,
J:is. P. Keyte.
Jiio. T. Williams,
E. B. Kevte,
J. A. Keyte,
Geo. W. Harper,
Dickey, Price & Co.,
Haynes & Pest,
Robt. H. Dodge,
Will. V. Hall,'
JiKj. G. Cunningham,
Wni. C. Applegate,
Jiio. H. Blue,
Thos. Allen,
Henry C. Moore,
Peter T. Barnes,
Wm. T. Todd,
P. V. Venable,
A. L. Gaines & Co.,
Wni. E. Warden,
Chus. W. Si)encer,
Jno. W. Gilliam,
A. C. JohnscHi,
C. W. Bell,
Lewis S. Prosser,
Milton Withers,
W. B. Bruce,
Waikins A. Johnson,
W. H. Price,
A. Kennedy,
E. S. AVillianis,
E. Kucker,
T. H. Spencer,
Wm. xVUcga,
E. V. Elastmanpecuss,
R. C. Gregory,
Louis Augsherger,
Lero Benjuniin,
Fred Sasse,
IIF.SIDK.VCKS. :
s'<>. ov snAKi;,s.
A M ( H " N 1 .
Chariton.
o
300
"
12
1,200
"
15
1,500
((
10
1,000
<<
12
1,200
((
2
200
<(
5
500
"
3
300
>(
4
400
<<
5
500
a
5
500
a
1
100
(C
2
200
((
4
400
((
2
200
tc
2
200
<c
2
2(jO
«'
1
100
i<
2
200
»«
3
300
"
3
300
Cl
10
1,000
((
5
500
"
2
200
"
1
100
"
5
500
"
3
300
"
1
100
«'
1
100
"
1
100
<<
10
1,000
<<
2
200
<<
8
800
<c
5
500
<(
5
500
l(
2
200
<c
1
100
<c
2
2tiO
((
2
200
HISTORY OF HOWAUD AM) CHAKITOX COUXTIKS.
Fredoliii ilevei',
Frtscko Rottjoker,
Isaac Reiger,
Win. Tracy,
A. L. Ken- & Co.,
Will. Cuniiinghani,
Jni). Strobe,
Will. Ashton,
G. W. Spencer,
J. M. Douglass,
C. J. Peuck,
John Hughton,
R. A. ElHott,
J. M. Douglass,
Samuel Mutt lie ws,
Geo. Asliby,
E. Corby,
J. W. D. Littrell,
A. A. Knight,
W. S. Beale,
Thos. H. Price,
A. T. Adams,
Henry Lander,
Cha-^. Sa.-se,
Sarah Keyte,
John 'Si. Gainer,
Stephen Porter,
Win. W- Pugh,
David L. Cuvanah,
Johu Tajlor,
Lewis W. Applegate,
John D. Locke,
Henry Shannon,
J. C. Crawley,
Jas. R. Horseley,
H. H. Davis,
Wm. H. Cock,
Johu R. Hyde & Co.,
M. C. Huut,
RKSniKXCES.
XO. OF SHARES.
AMOUNT.
Chariton.
1
100
"
2
200
"
1
100
<>
2
200
"
2
200
cc
2
200
.'
1
100
>c
1
100
<(
1
100
"
1
100
il
3
300
«'
•2
200
"
1
100
<l
3
300
(t
2
200
<c
1
100
tc
1
100
<c
1
100
a
1
100
"
1
100
"
3
300
•'
5
500
"
1
100
<(
3
300
"
1
100
"
5
500
«' '
1
100
"
1
100
(<
1
100
"
1
100
«
1
100
"
2
200
"
2
200
<c
1
100
<(
5
500
<c
2
200
<(
5
500
<c
2
200
«<
5
500
568 HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHAKITON COUNTIES.
John J. Grimslead,
Jas. Sportsman,
Aljuer Finiiell,
Buiij. F. Crawle}-,
John Hutchinson,
Alfred Mann,
Sanuiel Jt)hnson,
David Hampton,
John Sportsman,
Lewis Bossworth,
Martin Tilson,
Catherine T. Robertson,
"Win. Dutton,
Samuel Elliott,
A. P. Harris,
J. D. Borrius,
Michael Ebert,
Wilson Elliott,
John Morton,
Win. Elliott,
Jas. Allen,
A. Kennick.
Frederick Teacher,
David Strau'),
W. C. Price,
Wm. C. Malloy,
Philip Parorth,
Jas. T. Blakeley,
Henry T. Blakeley,
Riley Price,
Samuel Campbell,
Jas. S. Applegate,
Geo. W. Shepherd,
R. D. Porter,
Wm. Harkeload,
Jos. A. Jaques,
W. A. McClure,
R. H. Hi--ins,
Wm. \V. Powell,
RESIDKNCKS.
NIJ. OF SHAKES.
AMOINT.
Chariton.
1
lUl)
'•
1
100
"
2
200
"
1
100
"
1
100
"
1
100
"
2
1*00
"
2
200
"
1
100
•'
3
300
"
1
100
"
1
100
'«
3
300
"
1
100
"
1
1(»0
"
2
200
"
1
100
"
5
/iOO
"
1
100
"
1
100
"
2
200
"
2
200
"
5
500
"
3
300
"
1
100
"
1
100
"
1
100
"
2
200
"
1
100
"
1
100
"
1
100
"
1
100
"
2
200
"
2
200
"
2
200
"
1
100
"
5
500
"
2
200
"
1
100
HISTOKV OF HOWAKP AND CHARITON COUNTIKS. .ItJSI
Elijuli Dumoii,
Kich;\rd S. Hyde,
Tlios. Ferguson.
Yerokle Harper,
Samuel M. Fuquti,
E. H. Tisdale,
Jolui W. Price,
Jms. D. Price,
Win. Turner,
Lisl)()n Applegate,
Lucius Salisbury,
Jas. n. Criekett,
Ahram Sportsman,
Kice Patterson,
Geo. Burckburtt,
kK~ir>t;xcK:<. X
11. rn- sn.Mu-.s.
AMOVNT.
Chariton.
1
100
"
30
3,000
"
1
- ■ 100
"
5
500
"
1
100
"
1
100
((
3
300
4C
5
500
(1
1
100
"
1
100
((
5
500
"
1
100
"
2
200
[oward Co.,
1
100
"
1
100
470 47,000
STATE OF MISSOURI, ;»
CorxTY or CuAiaxox. ^
Richard H. ^Nlusser, Adamantine Johnson and John Ballcntine,
thi'oe of the diiectors of tiie Chariton and Randolp'a Railroad Com-
pany named in the foregoing articles of association, hcing first duly
sworn upon their respective oaths, state : That the foregoing articles
of association herewith tiled contain the true and original list of sub-
scribers to the, capital stock in said railroad company; aud that four
hundred and seventy shares of the capital stock of said railroad com-
pany are therein by them :?nbscribed in good faith ; and that fi\ e per
cent has been paid in cash thereon to the directors of said company ;
and that it is intended in good faith to construct, maintain and oper-
ate tlie road mentioned in said articles of association. Affiants further
state that the said four hundred and seventy shares subscribed as afore-
said make an amount equal to one thou.-and dollars of stock for evei'v
mile of railroad proposed to be made In' said company, and upon
^^•hi(■h five per cent has been paid in good faith as aforesaid.
[Signed] Richard II. .Mus.ser.
A. Johnson,
John Ballentink.
Sworn to, etc.
570 lIIPTOIiV OF TIOWAKD AND CHARITOX COUNTIES
THE MI.SSoriM invnu \'ALr.l.V KAII.IIOAI) co^ipanv.
Fi>llii\vinL: ui' this, au'l with ;i v'ww of extending the vo-.ul oa \ve>t-
wiir.L on the 5tli ot'M:i_v, l.'^GO, an tiei of tlie Legishitiire \va< |)!o<nir''i_l,
ineorporatin^' th^e Mi^sonii IJiver Valk\v Eailroad Coni|)aii_v with " full
powei' to survev, locate, eoiistruet and operate a railrt)n(.l tVoin any
point on tlie North Missouri Railroad in Itandolph eounly, l>y \\a\- of
Brunswick,- Chariton county, thence lhrou<rh Carroll and Clav coun-
ties, to anv point on the ilissouri river in Platte conrity." The capi-
tal stock of this company was fixed at $5,000,000, and Sterlinir Price,
Adamantine Johnson and W. E. ilobcrly were appointed from Ctiariton
coiintv as tl\e first directors. The two companies, the Chariton and
Randolph and the Missouri River Valley, were incorporated and in-
tended for the same purpose, to huild a road from the North Mi.->ouri,
in Randolph county, through Brunswick, and up the Missouri rivoi',
tiic former to liuild the load between the North Missouri and Brun.^-
wick, and the latter to continue it uji on the river.
THE CHAiaXON AND KAXDOLPII AND THE .^riSSOL'KI RIVEIl VALLEY RAIL-
ROADS.
Both the Chariton and Randolph and the Missouri River Valley
Railroai.l CoiniKinies wer.- authorized to l.iuild hranches and to recei\e
subscriptions oi' stock from counties, cities and towns interested in
the con->truction of the roads.
In iNoli tlie counlv court of this couut\' voted to the Chariton and
Randolph Railroad Comjiany .$150,000 in bonds : luit tht> road not being
completed within tlie time specitietl in its contract uium which the sub-
scription was made, the fronds were not issued. This subscription was
subsequently declared null and void by an act of the Legislature. How-
ever, active steps had been taken for the construction of both roads,
a considerable portion of the Chariton ami Randoli)h track iieiug
gi-aded. But the war coming on soon alter the work was commenced,
all active ojierations were su.^pendc(l. Bv act of the I^cgislature in
1804, the Chariton and Randol[>h and the .Mi~souri Ri\cr X'alloy Uail-
road Compauie> were consolidated with the North Missouri Railroad
Company, a.nii the latter completed the entire line to Kansas City during
the year 1^09. From Mobetly to I5run^wick the road was complcied
December 15th, 1«<I7 : to Carrolltou, Au-'u-t 15th, ISiJS ; to LexiuLiton
HISTORY OK HOWAKl) AND niAUITON COUNTIES. 571
.Junction, October Ist. 1808 ; to the Junction with the ILuiniUal uad
,St. Joseph Riiiii'oad, Xovetnlicr 28, IHtiS : und on to K:ui^;;is (.'itv in
18'"'J. Th" citizens of the eounty tiirouLrh wliose lands the road passes
had ah'eady donated the right of way to tiie original companies. Since
the eompletion of the road in 18ii!*, it has followed the fortunes of the
old North ^Missouri, and has heconie an important section of one of
greatest railroad s_v>tenis on the glohe.
THE CHILLICOTHE AND lUIUNSWICK RAII>i:OAD COMPANY.
The Chillicothe and Brunswick itailroad, now also a part of the
system with which the Chariton and Kandolph and the^Iissouri Ki\'er
Valley roads are connected, was built in 1870 li}- the Chillicothe and
Brunswick Raih-oad Company which was incorporated by act of the
Legislature approved January 26, 1804. The first board of directors
of tlie eon;panv were J. 15. I..upeii, J. B. Bell, Benjamin Berry, D.
G. Saunders, S. K. Alexander, Thomas T. Eagles, W. A. Love, A\'.
S.Davis, S. B. DcLaud and Jolm Smith, of Livingston county : A\'ill.
H. Plunk.ett, Thomas Anderson, John IL Blue, A. Johnson, A\'. E.
Moberly, J<din Eiallentine, John II. Davis, James McEari-en and
David Loud, of Chariton county, and W. Ix. Creel and W. A. I)a-
lanv, of C-arroilton county. The Chillicothe and Brunswick became
a i)art of the prestMit Wabash system in 187;).
THE SALISBURY AND BRUNSWICK BRANCH.
What is now known as the Salisbury and Glasgow Branch
Road was built under the charter ot the old Missouri and Mississippi
Railroad wdiich was granted by tlie Legislature as early as l.s48.
This road was to run from Keokidv, Iowa, to Glasgo'.v, Missouri.
The road was not commenced, however, until 1873. Becoming in-
volved in financial trouble ou account of the pauic, it was sold out under
foreclosure of mortgage and became the pro[)ei't3' of the Keokuk and
Kansas City Railroad Company. That com|)auy in turn sold it to
the Salisbury and Glasgow Company, and in 187ti it was again sold,
this time becoming a part of the Kansas City and Northern, an out-
line of the history of wliich appears further along.
COOTTT SUBSCRIPTIONS TO THE CHILLICOTHE AND BRUNSWICK AND
THE SALISBURY AND GLASGOW RAILROAD COMPANIES.
To the Chillicothe and Brunswick and the Salisbury and Glasgow
572 inr.T(Jl£Y OF IIO\\Ai:i> AM> rHAltlTOX COUNl'IES.
(formerly tlic Mississippi ainl Missouri Railro.ul Company) llie county
voted $-200,000 or 100,000 lo each comiKiiiy. Tiie t'ollon-in-- are the
orders ot" tlie county court relating to the subscription of tiie stock
sO taken : —
County Coitrt of Chaiuton Couxtv, Missouri, October 18, isr.7.
C )iu-t mot pursuant tcj adjouiniiient : oOlcers present same as yesterday.
Ordrr Book A, Pnye GSl. — Ou moliou of S. E. Taylor, it is ordered tliat an
flunion he held in the several election districts of said county, on the 2Sth day of
November, ISiJT, for the purpose of submitting to a vote of the resident tax-payers,
^viTnouT KF.GAKD TO irvcE, SEX OK COLOR, of said county, a proposition authorizing
thecounty court of said county to subscribe one hundred thousand dollars stock in the
Brunswick and ChilHcothe Railroad Corporation, and one hundred thousand dollars in
the Mississippi and Missouri Railroad Company, each of said roads to run througii
Chariton county. Said propositons to be jointly voted upon, and stock taken as si on
as an affirmative vote is iiivon by a majority of the tax-payers of said county.
Bonds to be issued as soon as the said railroad companies shall furnish satisfac-
tory guarantee that the said roads will be built.
A true copy of said order.
CouxTV Court or Chariton County, Missouri, Xovember G, IStlT.
Court met pursuant to adjournment; elticers present same as yesterday.
Order Book A, /'■c£/i> 701. — Ordered by the court that the time for holding an
election for the purpose of authorizing the county court to take stock in certain
railroads mentioned in previous orders, calling an election on the 28th day of
November, 1SC7, be and it is hereby extended one week, or until tie 5th day of De-
cember, lSi'>7.
A true copy of said onlci.
The election was held in pur.suance of the order of t!ie court, and
as soon as the otlicial returns were tiled in the otHce of the county
clerk, the following proceedings were had : —
County C'our.r ok Chariton Cnr>TV, MissouHi, iJecember 9, ISi',?.
The county ciuirt met pursuant to adjournment: ollicers: John F. Cunningham,
Presiding justice; George Young and Henry F. Grotjan, associate justices; George
Keuchler, sheriff; E. .\. Holcomb, clerk.
Order Book A, p'Vjcs 70 'J and 707. — Ordered by the court that one hundred tIio\i-
sand dollars be and is hereby subscribed to the capital stock of the Chlilicothe and
Brunswick Railroad Company iu bonds of said county, at par, and suljject to the fol-
lowing conditions : —
1st. The said ChilHcothe and Brun>uirk Railroad Company shall locate and con-
struct their road beginning in the City ot Hrunswick aud continuing on the eastern
side of Grand river to the City of ChilHcothe, there connecting with the ChilHcothe
and Omaha road.
■Jd. That when the president of said Chlilicothe and Brunswick Railroad Company
shall present to the county court of Chariton county, or its authorized representa-
tives, certiticates of paid-up stock in said Chlilicothe and Brunswick Railroad, duly
signed and attested, to the amount of one hundred thousand dollars; then the said
HISTOKV OF llOWAKU AM) CIIAIinoN COINTIKX. 573
ciiuiity court sh.iil tlclivt-r to tho ilirictury of llu North Missouri K:iilr<j!ul Coiiip:uiy,
or tlu'ir represfutalives duly authorized iti nrilini;, bouds of the couiUy of Cluiritun
to the aiiiouut of one liuiulrvd thousand dolhirs, in full payment for said stoctcs.
Said bonds shall bear iuten-st at the rate of eight per cent per annum, the interest
oomniencina; with the date of sale; or when hypothecated for not less than half'tlieir
value, and with coupons of interest attached. Both principal and interest beinp: made
payable at the Merchants' National B.inii of JIi>sonri, in the City of St. Louis, Mi-souri.
Tlie said bonds shall be of the denomination of SlOO each, to the amount of (-S-.5,000)
twenty-five thoiisaiul dollars; and of 8500 each to the amonni of (■$2J,nOU) twenty-
tive thousand dollars, and of 81,000 each to the auiount of tifty thous:uid dollars.
They shall be held oy t!ie ilireclory of the Xorth Missouri Ktilroad Comijany, in
trust, to be applied to the construction of the Chillicothe and Eriinswick liailroad
Company, and for no other purpose. The said bonds shall be made payable as fol-
lows: Those of the flenoraiuation of one hundred dollars in eight years after date:
those of the denomination of five hundred dollars in nine years after date ; and those
of tiie denomination one thousand dollars in ten years after date, and both bonds and
coupons shall be receivable at maturity for all county dues.
It is further ordered that a special tax of sufllcient amount siiall be levied, to pro-
vide for the interest on these bonds, to provide for the payment of the principal.
Five years after the date of issue of the bonds, a suflicieut sum shall he assessed on
the taxable property of the county, to amount to one-tifth of the said sum of one
hundred thousand dollars, and the amount so raised shall be applied to the purcha.-e,
at market price, and cancellation of said bonds, or held as a sinkinir fund to redeem
Iheni at maturity, a> may seem best to the county court. The court shall appoint a
commissioner to cast the vote of the county at the annual election of ollicers of the
railroad company, and to receive dividends arisinjr from the prolits of the road.
Conditioned further, that within ninety days from the sale or hypothecation of said
bonds, that the said Chillicolhe and Brunswick Railroad shall commence work in the
City of Brunswick, in connection with the North Missouri Railroad, and shall push the
road to completion to Chillicothe, and shall put iron on the 2;r.vdc as soon as each ten
miles are ready for it ; and that the whole shall be completed within twenty-fcuir
months from the sale or hypothecation of the bouds, and that before sale or hypothe-
cation the said bouds shall be adv^M'tised in two newspapers in New Vork City, Demo-
crat and Republican, ia St. Louis; Union, in Keytesville, ami Brnnfxcirki'r, in Bruns-
wick, and copies be sent to the court.
.i true cojiy of said order.
Order Book A, Pages 707 and 70S. — Ordered by the Court that the sum of ime
hundred thousand dollars be and is hereby subscribed to the capital stock of the Jlis-
sissippi and Missouri Railroad payable in bouds of said county, at par, and subject to
the following conditions : —
Isl. The said Mississippi and Jlissouri Railroad Company locate and construct
their road in sucli a manner as not to cross the North Missouri Railroad at a point
east of Salisbury, nor shall they cross a greater distance than one mile west of
Keytesville, and shall cross the Missouri river between Cambridge and Keytesville
Landing.
2Qd. That when the president of the said Missis.sippi and .Missouri Railroad Com-
pany shall furnish to the county court of Chariton county, suttlcient evidence of
their abilitv, v,-ith the addition of these bonds, to construct their said road tliron-ih
Chariton county, and that they will expend the same for this and for no other purpose,
and shall present certiticates of paid up stock iu the said Mis-<ouri and .Mississippi
574 HISTOUY OF IIOWAIIU AND CHAIMTON COUNTIES.
Railroad to tlie aiiioiint of SIi"-',noO: then the court will issiif to tlie authorized ;i5ent
of the said Mississippi and Missouri Railroad, bonds to the amount of ylOu.OOii.
Said bonds shall bear interest at the rate of eisht per cent per annum, the interest
commencing with the date of sale: or when hypothecated for not less than half their
value, and ivilh coupons of interest attached. Both interest and principal beiua:
made payable at s\ich places as may be asreed on when the necessary securities ar*^
given. Said bonds of the denomination of -9100 each, to the amount of twenty-five
thousand dollars, of SSOO to the amount of twenty- live thousand, dollars, and of ■Sl,riOO
each to the amount of five thousand dollars.
They shall be payable as follows: Those of the denomination of SlOO in eij^ht
years after date ; tliose of the denomination of -S.^uO in nine years after date, and
those of the denomination SI, 000, in ten years after date, and both coupons and bonds
shall be received at matuiity for all county dues.
It is further ordered that a special tax of sufficient aniount shall be levied, to pro-
vide for tlie interest on those bonds, for the payment of the principal. Five years
after the date of issue a salficient sum shall bo assessed on the taxable property
of the county, to the amount of one-tifth of the said sura of §100,000, and the amount
so raised shall be applied to the purchase at market pri:e, and cancellation of said
bonds, or held as sinking fund to redeem them at maturity, as may seem best to the
court. The court shall appoint commissioner to cast the vote of the county at
the annual election of orlicers of the company, and to receive dividends arising
from the profits of the road.
Conditioned further, that within ninety days from the sale or hypothecation of said
bonds, that the said Mississippi and Mis-ouri liailroad Company ^hall commence
work on the road somewhere iu Chariton county, within three months from the sale
or hypothecation of the bonds, and shall put iron on the grades as soon as each ten
miles of grade is completed and ready for it; and that the whole shall be completed
within twenty-four months from the date of the sale or hypothecation of the bonds>
and that before the sale or hypothecation the said bonds shall be advertised in two
newspapers in Xew Vork City, the Democrat and Itepxihlio'ni, in St. Louis, the
Union, iu Keytesville, and the Bntnsicicker in Brunswick, and copies forwarded to
the court.
A true copy of said order.
Afterwards the comity fourt saw tit to chaim-e the Oriijlnal order
.suh.scrihiiiir stock to the Mississippi Jl;rilroad Company, as appeals Uy
the tbliowino; order of record : —
CotxTY Court of Cuakiton C'oi'ntv, i
Februaky Ad.journed Tki£M, March 2, 1SI>. i
Court met pursuant to adjournment; witn the same officers present as yesterday.
Order Book B, Page i^''-— Ordered that the sum of one hundred thousand dollars be
and the same is hereby subscribed to the capital stock of the Mississippi and Missouri
Railroad, payable in bonds of said county at par, and subject to the following con-
ditions :
1st. The said Mississippi and .Missouri Railroad Company locate and construct
their road in ^uch a niauuer as to run not less than twenty-one miles in Chariton
county.
2nd. That when the president of the .Missouri and i[ississip[ii Railroad Company
shall furnish to the county court of Chariton county, sufficient evidence of their
ability, with the addition of these bonds, to construct their railroad through Chari-
iiisj'ORY OF no\\A):D a>;d ciiAnnox countif.s. o/n
ton county, and thnt tlifj- will Lxpriul the saiiio for that purpose ■jiid no other pur-
pose; and shall present certiticaics of paid up >tock in the said Missouri and Missis-
sippi Railroad Company to the amount of one hundred thousand dollars, then the
court will issuu U) the authorized ayent of the said Missouri and Mississippi Railroad
Company tlie amount of one hundred thousand dollars in bonds of said county. Said
bonds shall bear interest at Uie rate of eight percent per annum, the interest com-
mencing at the sale, or when said bonds are hypothecated for not less than one-half .
their value, and with coupons of interest attached: both interest and principal being
made payable at such places as may be agreed upon when the nece-^sary securities are
given. Said bonds shall be of the denomination of one thousand dollars each, and
payable in ten years. Interest payable semi-annually on the first day of January and
OQ the lirst of July in each year, and after tl;e expiration of ten years after date, Ijotli
bonds and coupons shall be receivable as county dues.
It is further ordered that a special tax of sntKcicnt amount shall be levied to an-
nually provide for the interest accruing on the bonds, and for the payment of the
principal: si.x years after the date of issue a sutlicient sum shall be assessed aud
levied on the taxable property of the county, to amount to one-fourth, or twenty-live
per cent of one htmdrcd thousand dollars, to be collected annually, and the amount
so collected shall be applied to the purchase at market value and cancellation of said
bonds, or held as a sinking fund to redeem said bonds at maturity, as may seem be>t to
the court. The court shall appoint a commissioner to cast the vote of the county at
the annual election of otlicers of the said Jlissouri and Mississippi Railroad Company
and to receive di\ idends arising from the profits of said road. Conditioned further
that within ni.ie y d;-ys fiom the sale of said bonds that the Missouri and Mississippi
Railroad Company shall commence work of the road somewhere in Chariton county,
and shall complete the entire work through the said county v.ithin twenty-four
months from the sale of said bonds.
Judges Cunningham aiul Young concurred in the above order, and Judge Grofjan
dissented, on account of the restrictions in tirst order being removed, and enters his
protest.
A true copy of said order.
Order issuing $100,000 bonds to the Cliillicotlio ;tiid Brunswick
Railroad Company : —
Cot NiY Col'i;t of Ciiakitox Cot ntv, i^
May An.jouitxEi) Term, May l&th, It^tJ.^. t
The county court met pursuant to adjournment; officers — .John T. Cunningham,
judge of probate and ex o,ficiii presiding justice; George Young and Henry F. Grot-
jau, associate justices and attendant officers.
Order Book I!, page 43. — Whereas satisfactory proof has been presented to the
county court that the Cbillicothc and Brunswick Railroad Company have located said
road beginning at the City of Brunswick and continuing on the east side of Gr:ind
river to the City of Chillicothe, there connecting with the Chillicothe and Umaha
Railroad, .-ind whereas, John II. Hammond, the president of said railroad company,
has presented to the court certitjcates of paid up stock in said Chillicothe and Bruns-
wick Railroad, duly signed and attested, to the amount of one hundred tliousand
dollars. And whereas, proof being presented that the sale to be made of the Ixinds
of said Chariton county was duly advertised in two newspapers published in tlu- city
ofNewY'ork; Ihe Democrat and lii'imbliotn of St. Louis; tlie [')'/'_-«, in Keytes\ille,
ami the Bninswicker \n Brunswick, and copies of said papers have been duly sent to
Dr>) }iisroi:v OF ho\nai;d and ciiakitox counthos.
tlic- court. Nii\v, thercfiiiv, all t!)e coinlitiini.s prtci'ileiit, lo the issuiiiir of the boiuls of
said coiiuty of ClKuiton for tho sum of uue huLdrtd tluni^aiid dollars to Ihu .said Chil-
licothe a.ud Brunswick Railroad Company havinsj: been fully coinplicd with on the part
of the said railroad company, it is therefore ordered by the court, that the bond.s of
said county of Cliariton bo issued and duly sif;ned and attested, for the sum of one
hundred thousand dollars, in bonds with coupons thereto attached, of the denomina-
tions specified in the order heretofore made by the court, subscribing said amount of
cue hundred thousand dollars to the said " C. & B. R. R.," payable at the place or
places, time or times, and in the way and manner specitied in said last mentioned
order of this court and that said bunds so issued, signed and attested, to be delivered
to the directory of the Nortii Missouri Uai'road Comjiany, or their representatives
authorized in writing;. And be it further ordered by the court, that .said order sub-
scribing; said one hundred thousand dollars to the said railroad company, be so
chanijed as to make the interest on said bonds payable at National Bank of Commerce
in New York City, on the first day of January and July in each year.
A true copy of said order.
Copy of bond is.sued to the Chillicothe and Brunswick Kailroad Ctjm-
l)any : —
CoiiXTY OF Cn.vRiiON-. St.mf, ok Missot'ia.
CHARITON COUNTY BOND.
Intki-.kst I-;k;ht Fkr Cent Pkr An'ncm.
P.w.vuLF. ON THE FiiisT D.vvs >)F J.Cn L'-\i:y and Jl lv.
Eight Years. iVo.
Kxow .VLT. MEX itv TiiES].', PRESENTS Tliat the county of Chariton, in the State of
Missouri acknowled'jes itself indebted and firmly bound to the Chillicothe and Bruns-
wick Railroad Company in the sum of dollars, which sum the said county
hereby promises to pay the said Chillicothe and Brunswick Railroad Company or
bearer at the National Bauk of Commerce in the City of New York, State of New
York, on the first day of 18 — , together with interest thereon, from the first
day of July, l-StlS, at the rate of eiirlit per cent per annum, which interest shall be payable
semi-annually on the 1st days of Jiuuary and July of each year on the presentation
and delivery at said bank of the coupons of interest hereto attached. This bond being
issued under and pursuant to an order of tlie county court of Chariton county, by
authority granted iu the charter of said railroad company, and authorized by a vote
of the people taken December 5th, ISil".
Ill Testimony Whereof, the said county of Chariton iias executed this bond by the
presiding justice of the county court of said county, under the order of said
court, signing his name hereto, and by the clerk of said court, uuder the
order thereof, attesting tlie same, and atlixing thereto the seal of said court.
This done at KeytesviUe, county of Chariton aforesaid, this first day of
June,18i:3.
Attest;
E. A. HOLCOMB,
Clerk of the Co. Court of Chariton County, Slt'le of Mo.
John F. CLN.vtxGin.M,
Prexidinrj Justice of Co. Court of Chariton Count'j, Mo.
Hlf-TORY OF HOWAllD AND CHAUl I'ON COUNTIES. .")7 7
Copy of bond issued to tlit- ^lississii)})! and ^Misscuiri llailroad coni-
pany : —
COVNTY OF ChaKITON. StaTE OF MlSsOlKI.
CHARITON COUNTY BOND.
IXTEUEST Ekjht Per Cen 1 Peu Anm'M.
P.%YABLE O-N THP i'lllST DaYS OF JaNUAKV AND Jl'LY.
3>ars. No.
Know all Mlx r.Y these Presents That, the couuty of Cliaritoii, in the State of
Missouri acknowk-clires itself indebted and tirmly bound to the Missouri and Missis.
sippi Railroad Company in the sum of dollars, which sum the said county
hereby promises to pay the said Missouri and Mississippi Railroad Company or bearer
at the National Bank of Commerce in the City of New York, State of New York, on
the first day of — , IS — , together with interest thereon, from the hrst day of
July, ISO*, at the rate of eight per cent per annum, which interest shall be payable
semi-annually ou the 1st days of January and July of each year on the presentation
and delivery at said bank of the coupons of iuterest hereto attached. This bond being
issued under and pursuant to an order of the county court of Chariton county, by
authority granted in the charter of snid railroad company and authorized by a vote
of the people taken December 5th, lSiJ7.
In Testimony Whereof the said county of Chariton has executed this bond by
the presiding justice of the county court of said county, under the order of
said court, signing his name hereto, and by the clerk of said court, under
the order thereof, attesting the same, and atlixiug thereto the seal of said
court. This done at Keytesville, county of Chariton aforesaid, this lith day
of May, IStJO.
Attest:
E. A. HOLCOMIi,
Clerk of thr Co. Court of Chariton County, iState of Mo.
John P. Cinnincha.m,
Presiding Justice of Co. Court of Chariton County, Mo.
County Cuirt uf Ciliriton County, Fiuuay, .May Utii, ISt;^, 1
May .iDJOUKNED Ter.m. )'
Court met pursuant to adjournment; with the following officers aud attendants
present: John F. Cunningham, presiding justice; \{. F. Grotjan and George Young,
associate justices; John Gastou, sheriff; E. X. Uolcomb, clerk.
Order Book B, Page IS-t. — On motion of the Missouri and Mississippi Railroad
Company, and iu accordance with an order heretofore made, the court this day issues
to the Missouri and Mississippi Railroad Company one hundred thousand dollars of
Chariton county bonds, in the denomination of one thousand dollars each, uumher-
iug from one to one hundred, with twenty coupons att:iched to each, numbering from
one to twenty. The interest payable semi-annually, at the rate of eight per cent per
annum. The principal payable as provided for by an order of the court, heretofore
made.
Justices Young aud Cunningham concurring and Justice Grotjan protesting.
A true copy of said order.
578 HISTOKV OF IIOWAUD AND CHAIilTON COUNTIES.
The Mississippi aiul Missouri Railroad Company l)einir unahlc to
ooiii|)ly full}- nitli the terms oftho oriirinal oi-der of subscription niadi^
by the county court, application was made to the court for a second
chani];c in the original order, when the following" proceedings were
had: —
County Corur ok Cuviiiton- Cocnty, No\rmi!i:!: AiitoruMoi) Tku.nf, I
Decembkp. •j:5, 18118. j
Court met in pursuant to afljournment; Oificers present same as yesterday.
Order Book B, Page 117. — Be it ordered by the county court of Chariton county
that an order tieretofore made and entered of record on tlie 'Jth day of December,
1867, subscribins one hundred thousand dollars stock to tbe capital stock of the
Missi>sippi and Missouri Kailroad Company, be changed by striking out all restric-
tions relative to where or on what line it shall be built; provided, however, that it
shall he located and built at least twenty-four miles throufih said county of Chariton.
Also provided that if the said M. & M. R. R. Company by their own means, with the
one hundred thou>and dollars stock taken by the county, with other stock taken by
the counties of Chariton and Saline or by tovvn.ships along the proposed line of said
M. & M. R. R., or by private subscription made to the capital stock of said R. R.
company, shall on or before the Isl Monday in February, 18(i',t, show that sai<l com-
pany is able to grade and prepare the road-bed for said road throuj;h the said coun-
ties of Chariton and Saline within the iiuiits already designated in said Chariton
couuty, and to extend through Saline county towards Sedalia, then this order shall
be null and void, otherwise it is to be in full force.
The foregoing order being concurred in by Justices Cunningham and Young, and
Henry V. Grotjau, one of the justices of the county court of Chariton county appears
and enters his protest to the change made by the foregoing order.
.\ true cop3' of said order.
The hoard issued under the above proceedings, not being fidly
paid ott', on the 1st of July, 1879, the following funding bonds were
issued to take up the old ones still outstaudiug. These constitute the
present
BONDED INDEBTr.DNK,sS OF THE COCNTY.
One hundred and thirty si.x per cent 5-20 bonds of $100 each,
issued July 1, 1879, interest payable annually at Laclede bank, St.
Louis, $13,000.
One huudred and forty-two six per cent bonds of $1,000 each
issued July 1, 1879, interest payable semi-annually at Laclede bank,
St. Louis, $11:2,000 ; twenty eight per cent bonds of $100 each,
issued June 1, 18G8, interest payable semi-annually at Bank of Com-
merce, New York, $2,000. Total, $157,000.
The original bonds were issued to tiid in the construction of the
Mississippi and Missouri and the Brunswick and Chillicothe Railroads,
excepting $2,000 ; these were funded under uu act approved April
HISTOKV OF HOWAKI) AND CHARITON' COUNTIES. 0 7'J
1:2, 1877, entitled "An act to authorize counties, cities and towns to
compromise their debts."' Interest ju-omptl}' piiiel ; interest tax on
the $100 valuation, twenty cents; sinkin^^ fund tax live cents. Tax-
able wealth, $5,0S7,L^60.
The St. Louis, Kansas City and NortheinllailH ay Conipan}- was organ-
ized under the general laws of ilissouri, and in 1872 became the owner
by purchase of the old North [Missouri Kailroad. Financial embarrass-
ments having overtaken the North Missouri in 1871, it was sold out un-
der foreclosure, and il. J. Jessup, of New York, became its purchaser.
In Februiiry of the following year he sold it, as stated above, to the
St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern Company. This comi)an\- o[ier-
ated the road with marked ability and success until the 7tli of
November, 1879, when it consolidated with the AVabash Kailway C(mi-
pany east of the Mississippi, forming the present Wabash, St. Louis
and Pacific Railway, the third largest system of roads in the Lnited
States.
This now includes in Chariton county all the roads formerly belong-
ing to, or that were opei-ated by, the old North Missouri, and its succes-
sor, the St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern ; or, in other words, all
the roads mentioned on the preceding pages of this chapter.
THE WAP.ASH ST. LOUIS AND PACIFIC.
This road owns and operates in Chariton count}- over sixty miles of
road, valued for the purposes of ta.xation in 1882, at $513, 948. .30.
upon which it paid for that year a tax of $7, (1(35. 9(3, as shown bv the
followiiiir statement taken from official sources : —
Divisions.
Main Line .
Chillicothe Branch
Glasarow Branch .
The main line of the road formerly known as the West Branch of
North Missouri passes through the county from west to east, enter-
ing it directly west of IlnntsviUe and passing oLit at Brunswick on the
same parallel, making a slight curve southward, however, between the
TATEllENT.
Length.
Valuation.
Ta.r.
25.4
$282,958 18
$4,419
0(3
21.4
271,474 (12
2,33(3
54
15.0
59,41(3 10
910
3(3
61.8
$513,948 30
$7,t;(35
90
580 HISTOliY OF ilOWAPJ) AM) CUAKITOX COUNTIKS.
eaitem and western borders. This road gives the citizens of this
county tiie advantages accruing from being directl}' on the main line
of one of the tinest and most extensive railways systems of the Union,
advantages, the imi'ortance of which is understood by every intelli-
gent person.
On the east, the road leads directly to St. Louis, Chicago, Toledo,
Detroit, and the East, making connection with all the great trunk
lines centering at those cities and at intermediate points. On the
west it leads to Kansas City and St. Joseph without change of cats
for either [)lace, inaking C(jnnection \\ith all the great trans-Missouri
systems of the West.
The Chillicothe branch has developed into one of the most important
roads in the country. It now leads on through Northwest JNIissouri,
and to Omaha, there connecting with the great Union Pacific and other
roads.
As has been said, the St. Louis, Wabash and Pacific Kailway is the
product of the consolidation of the old Wabash east of the Missis-
sippi, and the St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern. The general
ofRces of the consolidated road are at St. Louis. Of these mention
will be made further along. For convenience of management the
road is divided into two grand divisions known as the " Western
Division," and the "Eastern Division." The farmer, being that
part west of the Mississippi, aggregates over 1,300 miles; the latte;-,
that part east of the river, on the ohl Wabash Railway, has a total
mileage of over 2,300 miles.
The old Wabash Railway originated in the Toledo and Illinois
Railway, which was organized April '2b. 1853, under the laws of Ohio
authorizing the company to construct and operate a road from Toledo
to the western boundary of that State. On the nineteenth of August,
following, the Lake Erie, ^Val>ash and St. Louis Railroad Company
was organized under the laws of Indiana to build a roud from the
east line of the State through the valleys of the Little river and
Wabash river to the west line of the State in the direction of Dan-
ville, Illinois. The road from Toledo through Ohio and Indiana was
constructed under the-e two charters. On the 25tli of June, LSJli,
the two companies were consolidated un<ler the name of the Toledo,
Wabasli and Western Railroad Company. This organization having
become financially enil)arrassed in the piniic of lf^57, its property was
sold in October, 1858, under foreclosure of mortgage and [)urcha^ed b_y
Ozariah Bood}', wlio conveyed it to two new companies under the
IIISTOKY OF IIOWAKD AND CIIAUITON" COLNTIKS. SM
iKUiies, re>p(:elively, nt' tlie ToUhIo and Walta.-lj, of Ohio, ami the
Wiibash iind Western, of Indian;!, tiic two Kuing con.solidatcd (Ictnlicr
7, 1S58, undoi- the style of the Toledo and Wabash Hailroad Company.
This company operated the road throngh the States of Ohio, Indiana
iiiid Illinois, until 1865, wlicn all interests between Toledo and the
j\Iississip)>i river, at Qaincy and Hainillon were consolidated niidcr
an arrreeraent between the Toledo and Wabash, the Great Western, of
Illinois, the (^uincy and Toledo, and the Illinois and Southern Iowa
Railroad Companies, under the name of the Toledo, Wal)ash and West-
ern Railroad Com[)any. The Great Western Raili-oad Company of
this combination was organized in 1859. and its mad extended from the
Indiana State line to Meredosia, in Illinois, with a branch from l?hitf
City to Naples. The road from ^Meredosia to Camp Point was owned
by the Quincy and Toledo Company, and the road from Clavton,
Iliinois, to Carthage, Indiana, was owned by the Illinois and Soutliern
Iowa Company
In 1870 the Decatur and East St. Louis Railroad Company con-
structed and equipped a road betweeji Decatur and East St. Louis,
which in the same year came under the management of the Toletlu,
Wabash and Western Railroad Comi)any, ami in 1S71 this road was
0[)onedtoSt. Louis. The Hannibal and Xaides Railroad, including
its branch from Pittstield to Maysville, was leased to the Toledo,
Wabash and Western Company in 1870, and tln^ following year the
same company obtained control of the Pekin, Lincoln and Decatur
Railroad. In 1872 the Lafayette and Bloomington was added to
the lines of the Toledo. Wabash and Western. But in 1874. when so
many railroads were forced to the wall by tlie stringency in the money
market, the Toledo, Wal)ash and Western was forced to go into tlie
hands of a receiver, and John D. Coe was appointed liy the coiiit to
conduct the affairs of the road. He retained control of it until 1877.
when ii reorganization was effe(;ted under the .style of the Wabash
Railway Company. While the road was in the hands of the reoeivt-r
the leases of the Pekin, Lincoln and Decatur, and tin? Lafayette and
Bloomington Railroads were set aside as well as that of the Quim-y
bridsjo, which it had previously secured. In 1871* the Edwartlsville
branch passed under the control of th(! Wabash, and in 1879 the
consolidation between the Wabash and the Kansas City and Northern
was effected, as stated above.
The capital stock of the consolidated company — the Wal)ash, St.
Louis and Pacific — was $40,000,000, and in addition to this it had
39
•')S2 IIISTOUY OF HOViAKl) AND CHAPaTOX COUNTIKS.
:m indelitedness of $r.o,4('!9.550, making the cajiital ami lioudo.l debt
of the company, $75.4(")1.550. The present system ineliides twentv-
ono originally distinet and independent lines of I'oad. Previous to
Ihe eon^u^K!ation the Wabasii proper extended iVom Toledo to St.
Louis, Hannibal, (Jnincy and Keokul^, with a braneii from
liOgansport to Butler, Indiana, or a total length of 782
miles. Bui by the eonsolidation these roads were united with
the St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern and its brauehes, which
gave the new comiiany a through line from Toledo to Kansas Citv,
St. Joseph and Omaha, making the total at that time 1,551 miles.
The same year of the consolidation entrance was made iuto Chicairo
by its purchase of the Chicago and Paducah, extending from Effino-
ham and Altamont to Chester, Illinois, and by the construction of a
br.anch from Strawn, ninety-six miles northward. Subsequent aequi-
.sitions were tlie Toledo, Peoria and Warsaw, a distance of 246 miles,
and before the close of the year the Quincy, Missouri aud Pacific,
the Champaign, Havana aud Western, the Missouri, Iowa and
Nebraska, and the Centreviile, Moravia and AHiia, ail connecting at
dilTevent points with tb.e main line. On the 1st of January, 18S1,
the system embraced 2,479 miles of road.
The lines l)uilt and acquired during the year 18S1, were the Detroit
and Butler, an extension of the Logansport and Butler divi-
sion to the city of Detroit, 113 miles; the Indianapolis, Pennsyl-
vania and Chicago, IGl miles in length; the Cairo and Vinceunes,
the Danville and Southwestern, the (Juincy, Missouri Pacitic. the
Des Moines, North^vestern, and the Attica and Covington, making
the total mileage at the close of the year 3,384 miles. The
Buller and the Detroit roads, in comiection with the Toledo,
Peoria and Warsaw, completed the second independent trunk
line ot the system from the ilississippi river to Lake Erie,
besides securing new and important connections upon its entrance
into Detroit.
In 1872 several extensions and branches were finished, the most
important of which were the Slienandoah aud the Des Moines divi-
sions. The former continued the Detroit trunk line from the Missis-
sippi to the Missouri. The latter which now extends to Spirit Lake,
in the northwestern part of Iowa, opened up that great State to the
tratilc of the Wabash System. The total length of the system in
1882 was .3,670 miles, as follows :—
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITOX COUNTIES.
583
EASTERN DIVISION.
Toledo to St. Louis ....
Dcciitur to Quiacv .....
Bliitls, Illinois, to llaunibal, ^Missouri
Maysville, Illinois, to Pittstield Illinois
Clayton, Illinois, to Keokuk, Iowa
Logansport, Indiana, to Detroit, ?dirhigan
Edwardsville, Illinois, to Edwardsville Crossing,
Indianapolis, Indiana, to Michigan City, Indiana
Havunna, Illinois, to Sprinirfield, Illinois
West Lebanon, Indiana, to Le Roy, Illinois
Vincennes, Indiana, to Cairo, Illinois
Danville, Illinois, to Francisville, Indiana
lloUis, Illinois, to Jacksonville, Illinois
Toledo, Ohio, to Milan, Michigan
Attica, Indiana, to Covington, Indiana
State Line, Indiana, to Biiokington, Iowa
La Harpe, Illinois, to Elveston, Illinois
Ilaniilton, Illinois, to Warsaw, Illinois
Chicago, Illinois, to AUamont, Illinois
Streator, Ilhnois, to Streator Junction, Illinois
Sluunway, Illinois, to Effingham, Illinois
AVarsaw, Illinois, to Havana, Illinois
White Heath, Illinois, to Decatur, Illinois
Bates, Illinois, to Grafton, Illinois
Champaign, Illinois, to Sidney, Illinois
Illin(
Miles.
435.7
150.7
49.8
6.2
42.3
213.8
8.5
161.0
47.2
76.0
158.0
115.1
75.3
34.0
14.5
214.8
20.8
5.9
215.5
29.6
8.5
102.2
29.7
71.4
14.0
Total
2,307.6
WESTERN DIVISION.
St. Louis to Kansas City . . . .
Brunswick, Missouri, to Council Bluffs, Iowa
Rosebury, Missouri, to Clarinda, Iowa
Moberly, Missouri, to Ottumwa, Iowa
North Lexington, Missouri, to St. Joe, Missouri
Centralia, Missouri, to Columbia, Missouri
Salisbury, Missouri, to Glasgow, Missouri
Ferguson, Missouri, to St. Louis, Missouri
276.8
224.4
21.5
131.0
76.3
21.8
15.0
10.0
584 HISTORY OF HOWAliU AND CHAIUTON rOONTlES.
Quincy, Missouri, to Trt'iitoii, Missouri .... 1S5.9
Keokuk, Iowa, to Sheniuidoah, Iowa .... 244.0
Ktlay, Iowa, to Des Moines, Iowa ..... iU.o
Des ^Sloiiies, Iowa, to Fonda, Io^va ..... 115.0
Total 1,3';3.0
KECAPITULATION.
Eastern Division ........ 2,307.G
Western Division . . . . . . . . l,,"ij.'>.0
Total, 3,G70.(>
During the year 18S3 considerable additions have been made to the
road, including the extension from Fonda, Iowa, to Spirit Lake, Iowa,
a distance of about eighty miles and others of importance, but the
official figures have not yet been made public.
The controlling stockholders in the Wal:)ash, St. Louis and Pacific
are also the leadini^; stockholders in the Missouri Pacific, and in the
Iron Mountain, or the " Southwestern System," as the two last named
roads, with their tributary lines, are called, so that virtu^dlv, the
Wabash and the Southwestern constitute a single system of railwavs.
Indeed, in April, 1883, the Wabash was leased to the Iron Mountain
of the Southwestern System, so that the whole ten thousand nules of
road are now practically under one management, making bv far the
largest railway system in the world. These roads all traverse maLTui-
ficent territory, and looking at these from the standpoint of the future
development of the country, the}- are without doubt, the most \alu-
able railroad pro^'crty on the globe. This is particularly true as to
the Wabash System. Where are there five States in the Union, equal
to Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Missouri and Iowa, the States in which the
Wabash roads are located? Their elements of agrictdtural, mineral
and forest wealth make them now, even under partial development, a
region of unsurpassed value. In 1882, although constitutini!,- but
nine per cent of the total area of the United States, thev i>roduced
19(1,244,100 bushels of wheat of the 502, 798, COO bushels raised in
the whole country, or over thirty-nine per cent of the total crop of
the Union. Of the 740,t;(;5,000 bushels of corn, they yielde<l 340,-
705,900 bushels, or forty-six per cent of the total cr.)[). Their oilier
farm products were proportionally large. In manufacture^ thev are
HISTOKV OF HO\vaI:L) ANO CHAIUTON COUNTIF.S. 585
al.-() of the fir.-t iiij|i(n taiice. Of the $-T,3LlH,l!t")7.70() worth of ioanii-
fucUii'ed products tiinieil out in 1S8(), those States produced twenty
per cent, or prodiicts valued ai ;J1 ,147 jiUl!, 1(15. Bitimiious coal is
found in inexhaustible quantities in each of the five States named,
and iitlicr minerals, jnirticuhuly in Missouri, are found in great
aliundan<'e. With a i>opnlati(>n of only 1-2, 000,0(10 in 1880, what
niav we not expect the value of their products to he when they con-
tain (;(),000,000 iuhahitants, a;, they are certainly destined to do?
AVitli such a territory to draw tViun. the Wahash Railway has little to
fear in the future, so far as volume of traflii; is concerned.
In point of management the Wal)a--h is conceded to lie one rd" the
ahlest conducted roads on th.e continent. 'Jlie men who are now at
the head of its aflairs are men v.lio have risen tc) eminence in railway
management by their own ability, enterprise, and personal worth ;
men who, amid the failure of thousands, and in the most trying times
in the history of railroads the country have ever seen, have built up
one of the greatest railway systems in the world — gathering up the
wrecks of roads here and there where otliers had left them, and con-
fining them in a harmonious, successful whole — a disj)lay of execu-
tive and business aliility. of enterprise and far-sighted sagacity, with
but i'ow parallels in history. No man in the management of the road
but that holds his j^o.-ition bccaus(> of his success in railroad atfairs ;
because of his success where others hail failed, a success achieved u|ion
a very sea of disasters. Look back ten years ago at the condition of
the roads which now constitute the Wabash system I Then there
were more than ii score of them, scattered here and there over the
great prairie States, the i'airest and most fertile region under the sun,
yet all of theui tottering on the very brink of bankruptcy, and many
of them practically dead as business investments. First, one was
taken from the hands of a receiver, a piece of dead propertv. and put
6n its feet and made to .-^taud, not onlv to stand, but to become self-
sustaining and i)rosperous. Then another \\ as taken under the [jro-
tection of the fir>t and put through a little course of resuscitation —
and still another, and another, until the present magniticent system
has i(een formed. It i.> an unrivalh^d ilistinction of the Wabash Sys-
tem that it has bfcn built up of loads mainly which had before [)roven
failures, — that it is the product of the brain and energy of men wdio
have shown thegeuiusand to force success wdiere others had failed.
To-day the Wabash is one of the best roails in the United States.
Its main lines arc all laid with steel rails, and its road-beds, bridtres.
5S(J HISTOUY OK IIOWAUU AND CJI,\HlTt)N COCNTIKS.
culverts, depots, and other iuiproveiiieiits are iKit surpassed in the
We-t. The rollhig stuck of the road has long been regarded as
among the best iu the country. Having always had sharp conipeli-
tiuii, the management has made it a fixed jiolicy to atlVuil the pub-
lic the best of accommodfttlons, ■whether in pass-enger ti'avel oi' fi'ei^iit
shiiinients. As a result their coaches. sle(^pers, and dining oars arc
perfect triuiii[ilis of art, not <-nly in point of comfort, but of elegance
and good taste, and then accommodation for ireight, both merchan-
dise and live stock, are all that could be desired. In one imjiortant
particular, the '\\'abash is without a rival in the ^^'est, — in lime. It
runs through cars daily, including elegant chair-cars, sleepers and
dining-cars, direct from St. Louis to New York and Boston, making
over thirty miles an hour on the thi-ough trip, and on all main lines its
through rates of speed are approximately as great. Not only in pas-
senger travel is it aliead of any its rivals as to speed, but in freight
transportation also. Less than tour davs are required to lam! its
through fast freights in New York alter they leave the depot at St.
LoiMS.
With regard to tarifi's, it would lie suppressing the truth not to say
that the Wabash is among the mo>t liberal of roads. Iii fact, in rail-
I'oad circles it is not as popular as some roads, for the very reason
that it has so often led the way in reducing passenger and freight
rates. Recognizing the fact that lo\v tariffs increase travel and transpor-
tation, its policy has always been to reduce the cost of carriage to the
lowest possible figures. Nor ought the public to close their eyes to
what the railroads generally have done in this direction.
The following table, in which is given the average passenger and
freight rates of six leading AVestern roads since 18t!5, shows the
steady reduction of taritl's going on : —
_ , Frdaht Kate
Passenger Bate per „^, Vr,i) n/>r
^ears. i^,,-,' npiif! per ion per
Mite, cents. jj-j^^ Cents.
18155 4.81 4.11
1866 . . . . . . . 4.58 3.76
1867 4.3-2 3.94
1868 4.17 3.49
1869 3.91 3.10
1870 3.80 2.8l>
1871 3-5« --^-^
HISTORY OF HOAVARP AKl) CIIAKITO.V COI'.NTIKS.
J ears.
1S72
1873
1874
lS7f.
1876
1877
1878
1879
1880
1881
1882
1883
For oomparisou, we give tlic official llgiircs of the Vrahash frciijiit
rate per ton per mile, since 1875 : —
Year.
Paf-'cnger Hate pet
Nile, Ci-iits.
Freiijlit Hn
pn- Tou ,„
Mile, Cent
3.'U;
2.39
3.38
2.30
3.15
2.18
3.o;t
1.97
3.01
1.89
2.94
l.fi3
2.89
l.til
2.63
1.47
2.5t!
1.32
2.49
1.24
2.41
1.11
2.37
'1.02
Jiatc,
Cents.
18V G
1877
1878
1879
ISSO
1881
1882
1883
1.10
0.87
0.75
0.63
0.79
0.68
0.64
0.58
Thes^e iigures verity v.liat was said above that tlie Wabash has had
the march of Western roads in tlie reduction of freight rates. Froni
1865 to 1883 the general average of rates laas fallen off three-fourths.
Thus, while the railroads have increased the prices of grain, stock and
other products by opening up the country to the general markets,
they have lessened the cost of carriage to one-fourth of what it was
in 1865. This, too, of their own motion, because the great increase
of their own business justified it, and because their running e.xpenses
have become i)rop<)itionaliy much less. Kailroad management is like
every other line of business ; if left alone it will regulate itself, and to
the best advantage for all concerned, as the above Hgures conclusively
show. Doubtless, rates will still go down, but not on account of a
senseless outcrv against railroads, nor ot restrictive legislation, even less
588 . IIISTOKY OF HOWAUD AN1> CHARITON' COfNTlKS.
senseless than the clamor ot the ionovanf, Iml licraiise ol" liiiprDve-
nients steadilv lioinir <)i\ in railwav Iraii-^portatioii, and of iiu'reasecl
biisiiioss and other lavorini^ (•in-iiiii>taiices. The piililic is as inu(?h
interested in the roads beinjr run on a prosperous basis, and far more,
than the managers thenisehes. To the latter it is but little more
than a mere matter of |)rolit and loss. But to the public railroads are
everything. Tliey have done morc^ to develop the wealth and re-
sonrees. to stimulate ihi- indn-^lrv. to I'eward the lalior, and to pro-
mote the general comfort ami [n-o~|ii'rit\' of the country than any
other, and perhai)s all other, mere phy-^ical causes combined. They
scatter the [jrodiiclions of the press and literature broadcast through
the country with amazing ra|iidity. There is scarcely a want, wish
or aspiration they do not in some measure lielji to gratify. They pro-
mote tlie pleasures of social life and of friendship; they bring the
skilled physician swiftly from a distance to attend the sick, and emxblc
the friend to be at the bedside of the dying. Tiiey have more than
realized the fabulous conception of the Eastern imagination, which
pictured the genii as transporting inhabitetl palaces through the air.
They take whole trains of inhabited palaces from the Atlantic coast
and with marvellous swiftness dejiosit them on the shores that aie
washed by the Pacitic seas. In vrar they transport armies and sup-
plies of the govei-nment with the utmost celerity, and carry forward
as it were on the wings of the mind, relief and comfort to those wiio
are stretched bleeding and woum.led in the field of battle. No, we
must not give up nor cripi)le the railroads. If (heir tariffs are still
looked upon as burdensome, let ns remenilier how much thev have
been retluced in tiie past, and trust to the future with the conviction
that reductions will still be made whenever and wherever possible to
the proper managements of the roads. A single invention — the steel
rail — brought down freight rates fort >/ per cent; then may we not
look to tin)e and genius still to remove whatever objectiouul features
remain? But as the rates now stand, a wonderful contrast they of-
fer to the old ox — or horse — wagon S3'stem of transportation.
In 1817 a committee of the New York Legislature reported that
the average cost of transporting a ton of freight from New York Citv
to Butl'alo was one hundred dollars. Now a ton of freight is trans-
ported from Kansas City to New York for less than one-tenth tiiat
am (unit.
The following are the general officers of the Wabash, St. Louis and
Pacitic : —
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHARITON COUNTIKS. 5811
Jav Gould, President, New York.
R S. Hiiyeii, First ^'io('-l*r^^sidellt, St. Louis, Mo.
A. L. Hopkins, .Socoud ^'ic•e-Presidellt, New York.
H. M. Ho.vic, Third Vice-Prosidcut. St. Louis, Mo.
A. H. C:ilef, Tre.isuror, New York.
D. S. H. Sniitli, Local Treasurer, S'l. Louis, Mo.
James F. How, Secret:u■^ . St. Louis, Mo.
0. D. Aslili-v. Second Secretary anil Transfer Agent, !!'."> Brond-
■\vay, New Yoik.
^^'al^er Swayne, General Counsel, Ne«' Yoi'k.
Wells H. Blodgett, General Solicitor, St. Louis, Mo.
Geo. S. Grover and Frank S. Gurtiss, Assist.-uit General Attorneys,
St. Louis, Mo.
D. B. Howard. Auditor, St. Louis, Mo.
Morris Truniludl, Assistant Auditor, St. Louis, Mo.
Geo. Olds, Freight Tratfic Manager, St. Louis, Mo.
Robert Andrews, General Superintendent, St. Louis, Mo.
K. H. "Wade, Superintendent Transportation, St. Louis, Mo.
AY. S. Lincoln, Chief Engineer, St. Louis, Mo.
M. Knight. General Freight Agent, St. Louis, Mo.
H.C. Townsend, General Passenger Agent, St. Louis, Mo.
F. Chandler. General Ticket Agent. St^ Louis, Mo..
(jeo. P. ^laule. General Baggage Agent, L'nion De|iot, St. Louis,
Mo.
R. B. Lyle, Purchasing Agent, St. Louis, Mo.
Geo. F. Shepherti, Paymaster, St. Louis, Mo.
C. P. Chesebro, General Car Acc(Mnitant, St. Louis, Mo.
C. Selden, Sujierintendeat Telegraph. St. Louis, Mo.
Geo. C. Kinsman, Assistant Superintendent Telegraph, St. Louis,
Mo.
Jacob Joh:inn. General Master Mechanic. Si)ringtield. 111.
L^. H. Kohier, General Master Car Builder, Toledo, Ohio.
1. N. MoBeth, General Live Stock Agent, St. Louis, ^[o.
Most of these gentlemen are well known to the general [>ublic. As
has been said there i.s not a man coiHiected with the management of
the road who has not risen t(5 his position by his own ability, energy
and worth. The whole world is familiar with the career of the Pres-
ident of the company,
MR. ,TAV GOULD,
certainly one of the nio^t remarkable men of this or any other a^'e. A
•'>t*0 . HI.STOUY OF HOWARD AXD rHAUITON COUNTIKS.
Now York tariiier's son, seif-eilucated ••tiul startini:: out in lifi.' for hini-
selt' without a dollar, bv dint of his own exertions iiud character he
has rison to the position of the first niilroad nian:igcr on tlie g'.ohe.
A great deal has been said for and against Mr. Gonld. A great deal
has been said for and against every man who has made a distinguished
success in life. It is one of the conditions of success to be criticised
and slandered as well as honored and esteemed. But if men are to be
judgeil according to the general results of their lives, Mr. Gould has
luuhing t© fear for his reputation in liistory. He lias given to the
couutrv the finest systems of railway and telegra[)h the world ever
saw, and if the people do not now seem to appreciate
" What manner of raaij is passing by tlieir doors, "
the time will come when his services and character will receive the hom-
age which is their due. l\Ir. Gould became the president of the Wa-
bash, St. Louis and Pacific on tlie organization of the company in
1879. Personally, however, he docs not direct the afl'airs of the road,
but is directly represented in its management, as he is in the man-
agement of all his other Western roads, Ijy
C.4FTAIN R. S. HAYES
the first vice-president of the company. Captain Hayes was originally
from New York. By profession he is a civil engineer. His first pro-
minent connection with Mr. Gould's Western roads was as the builder
of the Texas and Pacitic. That road was constructed with amazing
rapidity, and its atlairs were managed with such ability and succe!^s
that Captain Hayes became at once recognized as one of the ablest
railroad men in the country. The construction of the road was com-
menced in 18S1, and on January the loth of the following year it
M'as ready for traffic to El Paso on the Mexican border, thus opening
up the route, via the Southern Pacitic to San Francisco. Follow-
ing this Captain Hayes was placed at the head of Mr. Gould's whole
Southwestern System, or, in other words, was made first vice-presi-
dent of the roads embraced in that system, and on the lease of the
Wabash to the Iron ^louutain in May, 1883, he became first vice-presi-
dent of the Wabash Company.
Personally Captain Hayes is a ijuiet, una-^suming gentlemen. He
is one of the few men whom position does not change in their bear-
ing toward those around them. True manhood is superior to any
IIISTOHY OK HOWAIID AND ('HAKITON COU.NTIKS. ai* 1
position, hi>\ve\-er fxalti'd, and ibis i|U:ility distinction ciumol add to
nor inuke less. It is (inly the weak and vain, tlio-e whose jio-itions
are above their merits, who make their impnrtanee and authority i-ou-
spictious. From no word or action of Captain Hayes outside ut his
otiicial dutv, would it ever be discovered that he is at the head of the
greatest coml)inatiou of railroad S}'stems in the \vorld. He is the
same dignitied, unpretentious gentleman now that he was before he
became distinguished for his great executive abilities. In his ofjcc
all who have business with iiim are treated with the consideration and
respect due them. In this }iarticular he is in marked contrast with
not a few whose positions are far less prominent. If all were as lie is
it could not be said with truth, as unfortunately it sometimes seems
to he, that he who becomes a railway ofHcial puts his modesty and
good manners behind him.
Captain Hayes's leading characteristics as a railway manager are
coolness and caution, united with firmness and great enterprise. No
step of importance is taken without a thorough understanding of its
results, and of the influence it is likely to have upon all the interests
allected by it. But when a measure is once decided upon and ap-
proved, it is carried out with a resolution and energy that makes its
success a foregone conclusion. He not only directs the general policy
of his roads, l)Ut personally overlooks the administration of aflairs
in the several business departments of the service. He sees to it that
abuses are nowhere tolerated, and that the business of the different
companies is dispatched with promptness and efficiency. The result is
manifest, not only in the harmony with which everything moves
through the half-dozen great roads over which he presides, but in
the superiority of service they have rendered since he was placed at
their head, and in the remarkable financial success they have achieved.
Of all others, he is undoubtedly the man for the position he holds,
and his selection for the place is l)ut another proof of the remarkable
sagacity of the m.an whose interests, mainly, he represents.
The second vvce-presideht of the company, as appears ai>ove,
in the role of general officers is Mr. A. L. Hopkins, but a sketch of
his career as a railroad manager has been given in the review of the
Missouri Pacific Railway in another volume is-.u<_d by the publishers
of the present work. Also the sketches of several (.>ther officers ot
the Wabash appear elsewhere in connection with the ^Missouri
Pacific with wiiich thcv are likewise identified.
HI.-TOliY OF HOWAI;I> AND CIIARITDN COUN'TIKS.
C;OL. H. M. HUXIK,
tho thiitl vice-president of the WiUm.sh, St. Lmiis and Pacific, iind of"
the Missouri Pacific or Southwestern Svstcni. like many of our most
successtul UK-n, lias risen to [MMininence and inde))cndence by his r)wu
enerfrv and inlelligcnre ;ind tiie indomitalile strenirth of his character.
He is a Western man tiv l>irt)i. and -larted in life poor and without
even the favor ol' influential friend-, ^\'^('n a young ni;in he went to
De.s Moines, Iowa, and tliere in a few year- hecanie recognized for iiis
high character and great enterprise as one of the most progressive and
influential citizens of the jilace. Such -was the consideration in which
he was held that without his solicitation or even desire he v.as rec-
ommended for and appointed to the responsible ofEce of United
States marshal. This position he filled with great efficiency until the
e.xpiration of his term of oflice, at the conclusion of which he declined
reappointment, desiring to devote his whole time and attention to
business interests.
On the inauguration of the great Union^Pacitic Railway enterprise.
Colonel Hoxio bei^ame connected with it as a sn|*erintentient of con-
struction : and then' he first distinguished himself for great executive
ability and indefatigable energy in pushing the work to completion
with unparalleled rapidity. Tiie energy and dispatch with which
the road was rnshod acro:rS the continent was regarded as one
of the mo--t marvellous i)icces of enterprise the world had ever
seen, and was commented ou by the leading journals of Euro[)e
as an evidence of the wonderful spirit of progress prevailing in
Ameiica. To Colonel Hoxie, more than to any other one mun,
is due the credit resultin<r from the expedition and success with
which the two oceans were for the first time -'linked with bands of
steel." He personally su[)ervised the work under his charge and for
months was on the ground at da}dawn, to leave only at dark, directing
and pushing the work forward. The ability and success with which
he conducted the construction of the Union Pacific attracted the at-
tention of leadinir railroad men all over the Union, and his services
were in great request. On the completion of the road Col. Hoxie was
made its general superintendent, at that time one of the most impor-
tant and difBcuit positions to fill in the entire railway service of the
country. But the result vindicated the high estimate the board of
directors had placed upon his ability and energy. As sui)erintendent
HISTORY OV HOWAIID AND OHAKITON COLNTIES. .")'J3
of till-' practical operation of the road his success was not less luilliant
than his success had been as sui)erintenclent of construction. His
future as one of the D^reat railroad managers of the country was now
ass u led.
From the Union Pacitit: he was called to Texas to Ixiikl the Inter-
national and Great Northern. There he displayed the same qualities
he had shown in tlie construction of the Union Pacific. The Inter-
national and Great Northern was built with amazing rapidity. Of this
he also became superintendent and later along was appointed vice-
president of the compan_v. As soon as the Texas and Pacific passed
into the hands of Mr. Gould he became superintendent of that road
also. On the formation of the Southwest System he was appointed
general manager of the International and Great Northern and of the
Texas and Pacific, and was also appointed third vice-president c)t' all
the consolidated roads. Afterwards when, in Mav, 1883, the Wabash
was leased to the Iron Mountain, thus becoming practically a part of
the Missouri Pacific or" Southwest System," as it is called, that mtid
also came under his control, so far as the third vice-presidency is con-
cerned.
As third vice-president of these roads Col. Iloxie has the manage-
ment and superintendence of the entire freight tratKcof the comi)ined
lines. These roads aggregate nearly 10,000 miles and together consti-
tute the most exten-ivo svstem of railways under one management
in the world. To have the control of the freight interests on this vast
system is a responsibility which but few men could safely undertake,
a responsibility ])erhaps not equalled by that of any otKce, civil or
military, in the government. The freight business on a railroad, as
every one knows, is to the prosperity of the road what the advert i>ing
business of a newspaper is to the success of the paper — the very life-
blood of its existence. The main support of every prosperous road
comes from its freight business ; this is the source of" its greatc-;t r^v-
enue and on the success of its freight management everything else de-
pends. Nor is any other department of railroad management so com-
plicated and ditKcult. The interests to be considered are innumerable
and often coutlicting, but all must be consulted and harmonized to
the best possible advantage. It requires not only a broad coiiqire-
hension of the general principles of transportation and trade, but an
intelligent and thorough knowledge of practical business atiairs, and
of the best methods of conducting business transactions. Not only
must general interests be looked to, but details also must lie clo.-cly
O!^* 1. HISTORY OF lIOWAIiU AMI CKAKITOX COirNTIES.
reiiai-iled. Nothinir ^vill -.vi-eok a road quickor than h.-id freiglit iiiuii-
aireiuont. It i*, there to re, one o\' the most iniportunl dcp:irtnioiit<,
if not tho nioit imporiaut. of raihvay inanag'einent.
The success that has attended Colonel Iloxie's administration oi'
this department of raihvay service, as otlicial lignres show, is gratify-
ini'' in the extreme. Tlie receipts from freight transportation have
Ijeen nnprecedentedly large — out of all proportion, in fact, to former
years, even allowing for the growth of the country — and notwith-
standing this, rates have been steadily reduced. These facts, though
perhaps not so conspicuous as his construction of the Union Pacific
Kailwav, speak hardly less for his ability as a railroad manager. In-
deed, it is at least questionable whether it required a higher exercise
of ;ibililv to gain the api[)lause of the world bv linking the two oceans
together than it does to successfully conduct the diversified, compli-
cated and extensive business of 10, ('00 miles of raihvay tratSc.
Colonel Hoxie is now somewhat past the meridian of life, liut his
enerjiy, resolution and force of chai-acter seeiji only to have been
strengthened by his ripening }ears. A man of prodigious capacity for
work, he superintends, directs and personally inspects every branch
of the service in his charge : and he seems to be as active and as am-
l)itiiius of the future as he was before he had achieved either reputa-
tion or furtune. Personally he is highly esteemed. Having risen
from the peojile himself, there is nothing of the aristocrat either in
his manners or thoughts. He weighs men according to their charac-
t('r and intelligence, and reN}iects rank'and fortune in the individual
onlv so far as he nnikcs himself worthy of re"ipect. A man of gener-
ous im[)nlses and a kiiiil, sympathetic nature, he is a warm, true friend
to those who gain his confidence, and there is nothing, not dishonora-
ble, within the Ijouuds of reason that he would not do to serve them.
Those who have known him tor years si)eak of him as one of the truest
hearted and best of men.
One of the oldest general ofKcers of the AVabash, or rather one
among those longest at the head of the affairs of that part of it west
of the Mississippi, is
COLONEL JAMES F. HOW,
the present secretary of the company. Colonel How is an old St.
Louisau and conies of one of the best families of the citv. He com-
menced his railway career in the ticket ofiice of the old North Mis-
souri Company but rapidly rose by promotion to one of the general
IIISTOKV OF HOWAKD AXD CHARITON COUSTFES. 5'<")
otiirps of the conijiany. Prior to the orgaiiizatiini of the present
\\ali;ish, St. Louis aiid Pacific he \vas the vice-president of the
St. Louis. Kansas City ind Northern, tiie predecessor to the Wabash
wcit of the Mississippi. The St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern
wu- the successor to the old Nortli jMissouri and was one of iiie most
.successful, entcrprisii!;; and jirogressive railways ever ojierated 07x
this side of the river. It not only brought the atfairs of the old
North Missouri out of euil)arrassiuent. but improved the road in
e\>'i-y particular and ailded hundreds of miles of track to its original
lines. It built and opened the line to Omaha and increased the ser-
vice, both passenger and freight, on all the lines of the road. Its
financial success was uncc^uivocal and most gratifying; so much
so that it became one of the most valuable pieces of railway
property in the country. Its management was cliaracterized by
unusual ability and vigor, and to no one was it more entitled
for its rapid and brilliant success than to Colonel How.
xV man of a high order of ability and of extensive expericrice
in railway affairs, younir and full of energy, and ambitious to
make the road a success, he infused into its management a new life
aud vigor and urged it forward upon a policy that soon placed its
success beyond the shadow of a d(uibt. Looking back upon the
rec(jrd the St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern road has made, he has
every reason to feel satiijfied with the influential and leading part he
took in its management. Colonel How now has much to do with the
finances of the road, so far as its practical o))erationis concerned, and
has entire control of its ta.x department. In these departments of
railway management he had already established a high repuf;itiou.
His success in the tax alfairs of the St. Louis, Kansas City ami North-
ern was particularly conspicuous. He saved hundreds of thousands
of dollars to the company annually l)y defeating exorbitant and er-
roneous levies. He is in every sense a worthy member of the present
brilliant management of the "Wabash.
COLONEL R. H. ANDREWS,
the general superintendent of the road, was originally from Philadel-
phia, and was superintendent of tlie old Wabash, east of the Missis-
si[)pi, for a numl)er of years before the consolidation. The success of
that road was hugely due to the able and energetic manner in which
he eonducled the affairs of the superintendent's office. Having estab-
lished a wide and enviable reputation while with the old Waba-h,
596 HI8TOHT OF HOWAKD AND CIIARITOX COL^NTIES.
when the CDiisorKlation took iilao( ho was naturally phu-cd at the head
of the same ih'pai-tnient of the new eoinpany Colonel Anilfews is
not only a rail\vay offieial of hiah stiuidina', hut is possessed of the
qualiiies, to a niaiked deifi'ee, that challenge the respect and esteem
of all men. He is a man \vilh whom it is a pleasure to liave business
relations, and v.ho adds much to tlie popularity and patronage ot' the
road with which he is connected.
H. C. TOWNSKNU,
the general passenger agent of the Waliash, St. Louis and Pacific and
Missouri Pacific System, is distinguished for being one of the most pop-
ular and efficient general passenger agents iu the United States. His
rise in the railway service has been un|>recedeatedly rapid. Possessed
of a quick, active mind, :ui<l of stirring energy, in each jHisition lie has
held he eom[)rehended the scope of his duties almost at a glance, and
discharged them with so much spirit and success that his advancement
was assured and rapid. That he is the gc^iieral passenger agent, al-
though still a young man, of the most important railway sys-
tems in the United States, a system in which none but the altlest and
best men are permitted to hold important positions, is, in itself, the
blithest indorsement of his character and ability that could be given.
And he is wort!i\' in an eminent degree of the prominence to which he
has risen. A\'ith ipialitications far aliove the position he holds, al-
though it is one of the first in [>rominenoe and resjionsibility, he i)rings
to the discharge of his iluties that ability and dignity, that clear and
intelligent grasp of the infiuence and etl'ects of measures upon the dif-
ficult interests of the road, and that ^elf-res])ccting, manly bearing
wliich not only make him a marked success, but elevate and dignity
the position he holds. Personally Mr. Townsend is a man of wide
and genuine popularity. Of an open, frank nature, well disposed
toward the world and full of life, he always has a pleasant word for
every one, and ajiparently, without effort, wins the good opini')iis and
confidence of all with whom he comes in contact. His personal pop-
ularity \vas by no means the least consideration that influenced his
promotion to his [ire^ent otiice. In business affairs he is courteous,
polite and allaijle, and no one leaves his office with an urjpleasaiit inci-
dent to remember. PPis chief clerk,
MR. H. A. FISHER,
is also comparatively a voimg man and is highly esteemed lioth in
HISTORY OF HOWARD AND CHAPaTON' COUNTIES. 5i'7
ruili'ood circles ;md hy the ji'enenil puMic. He comnienced life lor
himself \>y Icaniiiip- the [irinter's trade, luul h:ivin<r the (ji!:!!ities for ;i
siiccessfiil innii in almost any calling, he of course succeeded as a
printer. lie became an artist in his trade — one of tlic finest printers
Ihroughout the countrv. Subsequently he v/as calletl inti) the s(;rv!ce
of the Wal)ash Iiail\v:i\- to superintend its tine advertisement work, of
which he has since had clu'.rge. It has doubtless been noticed bv
every one who has travelled in the West that the Wabash has the
handsomest, most artistic and unique advertisements of all the AVest-
eru roads. This of course is the result of ]Mr. Fisher's control of its
advertising department. And he has made the distril)ution of his
advertisements as judiciously as he has made their appearance at-
ti-a(^tive. Indeed, he has been remarkabh- successful in advertising
the road, and its rapid increase of business is proof that the industry
and good judgment he has shown in his work have not been without
their reward. In the entire service of the rrtad no one is more popu-
lar .-ind more deservedly so. lie is as accommodating :ind gentle-
manlv as if it were his only stud\' to be pleasant and obliging. Per-
sonally the writer desires to acknowledge here a favor received tit
his hands — material assistance in collecting the data for the preceding
sketches of the Wabash Railway.
COLONEL WELLS H. BLODGETT.
general solicitor of the Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific in all business
of a legal character ati'ecting the active management of tiie road, be-
came connected with the St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern, the
[iredecessor of the ()resent Western Division of the Wabash, St. Louis
and Pacific, as its assistant attorney during the winter of 1873—74.
In June following he was elected general solicitor of the St. Louis,
Kansas City and Northern hy the unanimous vote of its board of
ilirectors. On the consolidation of that company with the old W'a-
bush in 187H, he became general solicitor of the new Wabash, St.
Louis and Pacific, the position he now hokls. Colonel Blodgett's ca-
reer as a railroad lawyer has lieen one of marked ability and success.
Gifted witli a legal mind of a high order and of fine athninistrative
ability, industrious almost to a faidt, and an inveterate student, of
file highest integrity of character and of close, exact business habits,
justly popular with all who know him for his smooth, gentlemanly de-
meanor, and for his high, personal worth, a clear, pliilosopliical
40
5!iis . iiisraKY or howakd and chauiton countiks.
thiukef and ;i i)lL'a>;iiit, loiiical ,-<poakcf, lie comltiiu'-, to an ouiiiieiii
degruo, all the iiioro iiiipDrtant cjualiHcations, liotli natural and ac-
quired, tor t!i!.' cliit't' law olliior of one of tlie great railway corjiora-
tion.s of the eountry. Like nioit men t)f real merit who have risen
to eniiiieuei}, Jie is essentially a >elf-nuidt^ man.
His father, Israel V. IJlodgett, nou' deceased, wa^ a ret<))eetablc
farmer of Illinois, hut like mosl of his neighliors in that tlicii ne\v
part of tiie eouutry, \\-as not a wealthy man. 'W'eli.s II., therefore.
hud little or no peeiiuiary I'.ieans to assist in estalilisliing himself in life.
After acquiring a common scIkjoI education, sui)|)lemented with a
few terms of college instruction, young Blod^rett went to (J'hicaiio and
began the study of law under his brolher, Hon. Henry W. 151odi;ett,
now judge of the United States district couit there, hut then the <ien-
eral solicitor of the Chicago and Northwestern Railway. Of Studious
habits, a superior mind, arel entirely devoted to his chosen profession,
be made rapid progress in his studies, and was admitted to the i)ar in
liSGO with expressions from the court highly complimentary to his at-
tainments and promise for the future. He at once entered aetivelv
upon the practice of lav in Chicago, and was making rapid proijress
in bis profession when the civil war linrst upon the country with all its
fury. The life of the nation imperilled, he saw but one duty before
him — to go manfully to its defence. He became a private sohjiei' in
the army of the Union and f )llowed the Hag of Ins country with un-
faltering devotion until it floated in triumph from the izranitc-ribbcd
bills of Maine to the sunlit waters of the Southei'u Gulf. For meri-
torious conduct as a soldier lie was repeatedly promoted, and rose to
the command of a battalion with the rank of colonel. He was twice
commended by written repiu-ts of the comniLUuling general foi' con-
spicuous gallantry on the tield. Two honorable scars, the proudest
decorations a soldier can wear, attest the patriotic part he took in
the war.
After the war Colonel Blodgett located at Wai-rensburg, Missouri,
iu the practice of the law. There be at once took front rank in his
profussion, and in LStlH was elected to the House of Re)5resentatives
of the State Legislature. Two years afterwards he was elected to the
State Senate. Following this, in l.sTi', he ^vas unanimoush- nominated
by his party for re-election to the Senate, but was defeated at the
polls by a te.-t Jiaity vote. Indeed, he ran far ahead of his own partv
ticket, and was defeated only by a small majority.
Iu the Lesrislature, his ability and attainments made him a leadiui:
msrOKV OF HOWAlin and fBIAUITOX Ct)l NTIES. 599
iiionilior in cadi of the hoiisi-s in wiiieii he .>at. A clear, sohor-mindcd
ihiiikei-, ami a conscientiou.^, iiprit:lit man, the tact that he .supported
a nu-a,-uie left Ijut little or no tioul)t in tlu^ minds of others that it was
for the best interests of the State : and advocating it in his calm, lucid
nianner. he seldi)m failed to carry it to a successful issue.
TliouL'ii a Kepublii'an. etirne^t ami faitliful, Colonel ]')lodi:'ctt
was one of tiie first prominent men in the State to advocate the en-
tVanchisement of those who had i»een in rei)ellion. His record in the
f/cn-islature on this question forms one of the Ijrightest pages in the
iiistorv of his career. With him the l)road, vital principle U[H)n which
our government is founded — equal and fair representation for all —
was of vastly more importance than iiuy temporary party aiUantage
or expedient. Indeed, iiis couce^ition of true partisanship is that it
should strive to kee[) the parry identitied with the best interests of the
country. The rank and lile of those formerly in rcbelUon he believed
to have been honest but misguided ; and re,--[i('cting their iionesty (if
purpose and lii-a\ery, since they had submitted to ihe authority of the
•_'(ivernment and sworn to obev tiie laws, he belie\ed no good pur-
pose could be ser\ed by showing distrust ot' llieir siucci-ity, and con-
tinuing them underthe ban of civil ostrai'ism. Hence he advocated
earnestly and ardently their restoration to citizen.-hiji ; and to his
etVorts. less than to no man's in tlie State, were the enfrani'hiscd in-
debted for their ultimate right to vote.
By the close of his term in the Senate, such was the high -tanding
he had attained as a lawyer, no less than as a public man, for he had
continued the active practice of his iirot'ession all the time, that his
services as official attorncv were sought bN' various im[)ortaiit corpora-
tion interests. Indeed, he had already distinguished himself in cor-
p(>ration practice, a department of the profession for which he has a
special taste. In the s[)riug of 1873 he acceptt-d the assistant altor-
neyshi[) of the St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern Railway as stated
ul)ove, ami was soon afterwards elected general solicitor for the
road .
The St. Louis. Kansas City and Nortiiern was the successor to the
old North Missouri ; and the mere mention of the name of that road
suL'gests confusion, chaos and law suits without ending. Its policy
was to fight everything and pay nothing — perhaps because it had
nothing t<J pay with. It finally went down under a [lerfect maelstrom
of litigation ; and the St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern inherited
from it a very sea of [c<x:i\ entanglements. To straighten out these
GOO ' HISTORY OF HOWAKD AND CHARITON COUNTIES.
and get the new ruad in proper condition, so t;ii- as its law inl(>rests
were concerned, wiis the iifst work to which Colonel Blodgett ad-
dressed liiinselt", antl it was a work which no orilinary lawyer could
have accomplislied. None with les* ability than he showed, none with
less industry, less energy and resolution, less system and nuthixj in
the conduct ot" business, could have succeeded. But being a tiioronirh
business man no less than an able lawyer, he went to work in his ot'-
fice and in tiie courts, and in a reniaikably short time iiad his dock-
ets practically cleared — clearer by tar than railroad dockets usually
are — and in almf)St every case with .success to his company. Flis nf-
fice, also, became a model of system, order and method ; indeed
this — orderly arrangement ot" everything connected with his legal and
business afl'airs — is one of his chief characteristics, without wiiich the
diversitied and complicated business of which he has charge could not
be snccessfnll_y conducte<l.
lu the settlement of damage cases against the railroad, and, in-
deed, of every class of claims, Colonel Blodgett inaugurated an
entirely diti'erent policy from what had before prevailed. He has al-
ways made it a rule to ci>mproniise every claim on a fair basis in which
there is any merit at all, even though the law does allow the claim,
■where compromise is possible. This policy, which has since been
adopted by the hr.v departments of several important roads, he has
found best in e\cry respect. It tends to promote that good feeling
between the people and the road so advantageous to both; whilst it
saves thousands of dollars legal costs to the company and to claim-
ants. As claimants can afford to compromise their claims at much
less than they might ultimately recover by litigation, on accoii nt ot"
the great cost and delay attending it, thus, without injury to them,
the road saves additional thousands by fair compromises. This policy
both good conscience and business sagacity approve.
Colonel Blotlgett makes it as much to the interest of claim ants to
compromise as to the interest of the road. He tells them frankly
that he will allow what is fair on their claims ; but l)efore he will
allow the coiU[)any to l)e bilked, he will make it cost them more than
they can possibly hoiie ultimately to realize by suit. A railroad
lawyer of the first oi'der, he knows beforehand in almo.st ev eiy case
what the decision of the courts will be ; and when he goes to law
against a cl-aim, he generally wins the case. Indeed, the frequency
with which cases are won by the railroad is often made a subject of
criticism unfavorable to the courts. The fact lies not in the bias
HISTOKY OF HOANAUl) AND CUAr.ITOX COlNTIE.s. Ml
of tlie ooiiit!^ in t'avnr of the ruilioad, for that doe.s not exist ; Init in
tliat tlie road .<cai(.-*iy oi' luvcr irofS to tlie higher courts with a bad
ca^e. The attoriifvs for 1 ho road know a irood case when they see
it, and they know a I'ad one: tlie tii-^t they carry up; the second
Ihev settle. Thus tlie railroad is scarcely e\er licaten in the courts.
('(ilonel Blodgett, although he has long stcjod iu the front I'ank of
lawyers in the ^\'est, is still comparatively a young man, being now
oiilv forty-four years of age. Considering his age and the position
he occupies in hi.s profession, it is not too nuicli to say tliat his career
has l)een a most successtul an<l i>rilliant one. Nor has he yet nearly
approached its meridian. With little less, if not qiiite, a score of
years more of profes-ional activit}" before him, in tlie t^rdinary
course of nature, years, too, usuallv of the greatest advancement in
the legal profession, his future jn-omises a degree of eminence to
which l>ut few men can hope to attain.
In the office Colonel Blodgett has several able and v.orthy assist-
ants, among wliom are
JIR. BURXETT,
Mr. Grover and Colonel Curtiss. Mr. Burnett is the leading trial
lawyer after Colonel Blodgett. He has the reputation of being one
of the best trial lawyers, and most successful attorneys at the bar.
He was until recently a resident of Illinois, and has been engaged in
the practice in that Sttite with success for over fifteen years. In the
trial of railway cases he is alilv assisted bv
MR. GEOIiliE S. GROVER,
one of the best railway lawyers among the younger members of the
bar iu the State. Mr. Grover has always made a specialty of railway
law, and has been connected with the Waba.sli and its Western prede-
cessor, the St. Louis, Kansas City and Northern, tuuler Colonel
Blodgett, for nearly ten years. Of studious habits, a quick, active
niiiul, and gifted with a lemarkahly retentive memory, the curriculum
of railway law, if the expression may be allowed, has become
almost .-IS familiar to him as the usual course of studies to the college
professor. Ho is esjieciall}- etficient and capable in the preparation of
cases for trial — in drawing the papers, hunting up the law and mak-
ing citations thereto, and in examining the testimony beforehand
and arranging it in proper order for introduction. This branch of
work is his specialty in the office. Thus thoroughly posted iu the
(]{)2 ■ inSTOKY OF IHJWAl.'D AND CHAMITOX COL'.VTIKS.
law Mini facts of nearly every case of inipovtance in the eiieiiil courts
ill whicli the roail is intei-ested. wlien the ea.-es come on for trial he is
all itivaliialile anil almost indisjiiMi -ahle assistant to the leadini;' r.i'ial
attorney. He irenei-ally takes an active i)art in the trial of eases
wliich he lia< prej)tireii. and. if tliey are earrieij to t he iSujiremc Court,
assists ill pre[<arir,L; tlie Ijiief,-:. for tlieiii in tliat trihunal. He is a
joiiiil;' hiwyer ot e-Lahlished reputation and of a liiirli order of af>ilitv,
and will douhth-ss uUiniatelv lake I'lvuit rank in iiis profession.
COLONEL (TKTISS
i.s the office lawyer of the legal department, and is one of the oldest
raili-oaJ attorneys in years of service in St. Louis. He is a law\er of
wide and profound learning, a deep thinker, and an ahle and logical
rea'ioner. More of a connsidlor than a harri-'ter, he is yet an ehHiuent
and vigorous ailvocate wiien he hecomcs thoroughly enlisted in the
trial of a case. Hut lieiiig a tiue judge of the law and Justly aveise
to the rough-and-tiuuble manner in which, unfortunateh'. cases in the
Western cour^s are too ol'teii tiied, he tiuds work in the olHce more
congenial to his tastes and more in keei)ing with his judicial cast of
mind and his legal attainments than would he the case with him in
the active conduct of cases in court. His province, in other ^\■ol•ds,
is to heat the hnsfies, if a figure of rhetorii: may he aiiovvcd, while the
younger attorneys of the otBce catch the birds Cidonel Curtiss is at
present a nieml)er of the ."^tate Legislature from St. Louis and is re-
garded as one cif the ablest memliers of the House. He is a man of
Strict integrity, a high sense of Jionor, of liroad and liberal views in
politics as well as in everything else, irenerous in all ids impnl-es, and
of an open, t'rank di-^position, <liLrnitied and urbane in bearing — in
short, a gentlenian of tlie old scluxd, great-hearted and kind, whom
it is a pleasure to know.
There are several other gentlemen in the legal department includ-
ing Mr. St. Manr, a gentleman eminently worthy of Ids position, notices
of whon? cannot here be made for want of space. Suffice it to say that
the legal department of the Wabash, like every other department
of its corj)s official, from the chief to the last subordinate officer, i< in
the hands of men who hold their positiojis because they are the best
who can be had for their places. All in all, it is without question one
of the best managed and most >erviceable roads in the United Slates.
HI.STOKV Ol" IIOWAIM) AND ClIAniTON COCNTIF.S.
lU'RLINGTOX ANO SOI'THWESTEIIN.
This roiui, \^lli(■ll crn-sc-i diaLT'iiially the niirlliwostern Odrncr of the
county, was oriiiinallv inrt'iulcd to connect li_v the i^hoi'test po^-ihle
Tonte Ruiiiniiton. Iowa, ani! Kan>a^ City, Missouri. Tlie Iowa (ji\'i-
sion ot'the i-oail was l)uilt in L'^TC Tlie ^Missouri division ■^vas beini;'
vapidly jHislifd t'orwai'd to completion, and had reached Ijaelede in
Linn county, on the ILiniiibal and ^t. Joseph road when tlje panic
struck it, audit wa^i forced to suspend active work. In 1873 it was
placed in tlie hands of a receiver, and was ran under the receiver's
iiiauageinent until 188-'. Tlie bondholders of the road then organ-
ized a new company, the Chicago, Burlington and Kansas City,
and this company leased the road to the Chicago, Burlington and
Quincy, which is now operating it. Since the road has virtually
become the property of the Chicago, Burlington and Quincv, one
of tlie souiulest and most successful railroad companies in' the
United, States, its con.struction has been \-igorously resumed, airl
at no distant day will be open for trathc to Kansas City. When
eouipleted it will lie the shortest route between Kansas City nm\
Chicago, and through cars %vill be run by the company between
the two cities. It is already completed into Chariton county, and is
of incalculable value to tlie people of this county. It gives them a
direct rente to Chicago — the shortest route from this part of the
State to that city — and not only gives them the beneht of a compet-
ing line to the city by the lake, but makes the markets of St. Louis,
a threat rival, directly tributary to their trade. The importance of
this i-(iad to tlie agricultural and other interests of the count}' could
hardly be overestimated.
There are many miles of railroad in the county, embracing a poi-tion
of the main line and two branches of the \Vabasli, St. Louis and Pa-
cific, and the liurlington and Southwestern road.
The main line, running from St. Louis to Kansas City, crosses the
country from east to west, a little south of centre, twenty-eight miles
of the road being in the county. .\ branch of the same I'oad runs
from Salisbury, in the centre of the eastern portion of the county to
Glasgow, on the Missouri River, passing through the southern part id
the county a distance of sixteen miles. Another branch of the road
runs from Brunswick, also on the Missouri Kiver If) Omaha, Nebra~ka.
crossiiiii the Haiinilval and St. Joe Railroad at Chillicothe, thirtN'-nim-
604 ^ IllSTOliV Ol llOWAliU AND CHAUirON COUNTIES.
niik'S iVdiu Brunswick, tu-enty-tbiir inilos of wliidi ari' in C'ii.iriton
count^^ and passes iii) tiie Grand river vallc}' in a noilliwestern
direction. The BurlinLitiin and Southwestern, starts from Buriinjiton,
Iowa, and runs to Sunnier, Chariton county, whicli gives inilc-s
of road in the couiUry.
In addition to tlie many advantages and facilities furnished \)v tliese
roads running througli thecounty, the llniinilial tiud St. Joe Kaiiroad,
located just over the line in Linn county, and extending along the
entire length of the northern hciuinlary line of Chariton, furnishes to
our citizens in that portion ot' the connt\' convenient transportation
for all their surplus stock and produce.
AN .\TTE.MPr TO GIVK THP; SWAJIPS AXU OVEKFI.OWED LAND.S TO A
RAILROAD CO-Ml'AXY.
At the ;May term of the county court of Chariton county, Missouri,
1860, un ell'ort was made to donate the swamp and overflowed land-
belonging to the scliool fund of the county to a corporation, then
known as the Clinriton andKaudolph Railroad Company, and for that
purpose the following order was entered of record on the 10th dav
ofMay, 1860: —
" Ordered by the court that Benj. F. Crawley, sheritf of Chariton
county, State of IMissouri, on the 10th day of May, 1860, at the town
of Keytesville, in the said county, sell to the Chariton and Randolph
Railroad Company all the right, title and interest which said county
has in and to the overtiowed and swamp lands in said county, herein-
after described, for and in consideration that the said compan}' shall
throuL'h its proper officers assume to j)ay by irvitten obUgation, to said
county, for the use of the county school I'und of said county, the sum
of three thousand dollars annually, forever.
" By the terms of which bond said company are bound to pav to said
county, for the use of the school fund of said county, the sum of three
thousand dollars, on the first day of January, A. D. 186.5, aud the
like sum of three thousand dollars every year thereafter, forever."
This actif)!! of the court was op[)osed I)y many good citizens on the
ground.* that the county court had no power or authority to make
such a disposition of the [)roperty belonging to the public school fund.
The sherirt", Mr. B. F. Crawley — -entertained that view — and for
that reasori, declined to execute the order of the ccjurt.
Stfange to say, however, at a subsequent meeting of the county
IIISTOKY OK H<)M'\Kr> AND rnAKlTON COUNTrES. , bOo
cniirt, held on the 2d dtiv of" .Inly, b'^iiO, ;in onler \v;is enle'.fHl on
i-i'Oord assiuniniT :iik1 ruciling tliat the order liad lieen duly executed
and directed the conveyauec of the lands to the C'liariton and Kaii-
dolph Rtiili'oad Conipaii}', ami aijpointcd a oonnnissioner for that pnr-
po-;e, who on the 3d da\' of Jnly, IStiO, made a conveyance of the
lands as directed b}' the eouit.
Afterwards, on the ICth day of Xovendier, lNi;2, the following order
was made I'hanL'ing the terms of the oriuinal irrant.
"Ordered liv the county court that all contracts made hy the
county court of Charitcui county, party of the tirst part, wilh the
Chariton and Kandolph Iiailroad Company, party of the second part,
in regard to the payment hy said railroail company of three thousand
dollars, annnallv, or any other sum of money to the said cnuntv, or
the school fund of saiil county, which sum of money was to be due
and payable about the year A. D. lSi)2. or any other year thereafter,
is declared null and void upon the following ctrnditions being C(nn-
plied with, viz : The directors ot said I'ailroad, or the said railroad
company, are hereby discharged from the jjayment of any niimey due.
or that may be due, from the s;ile of an}- swamp lands liy said ccnmty
to said railroad compian}', or fmids or money due the said county of
Chariton or the school fund of said county, provided the Chariton and
Kandolph Railroad shall be constructed within half a mile from the
court-house in the town of Keytesviile in said county of Chariton, and
;i depot is buiit at the nearest point pi'acticable to saiti town of
Keytesviile."
The Chariton and Randolph Railroad Company failed and passed
out of existence without ever building any railroad, and was succeeded
by the North Missouri Railroad Company. On application made to
the county court in the interest of the North ^Missouri Railroad Com-
pany the following order was made and duly entered of record in the
county court proceedings, to-wit : —
" In Chariton County Court, February Sth, 186G.
" Ordered by the county court of Chariton county that that jiortion
of an order heretofore made by the said county court of Chariton
county, in the State of Missouri, on the tUh day of Noveud)er, A. D.
1862, is declared to be and is hereby made null and void, provide^l the
North Missouri Railroail Company, having become a party to the above
specified order of the court in virtue of a contract nntde with the Char-
iton and Randolph Raili'oad on the 4tli day of April, l.sii^, shall con-
-struct the west branch of the North Missouri railroad above the mouth
t)Ol> }lI>rOi:Y OF HOWAKI) AND CiJAKITON COUNTreS.
ol' till' Musde Fork crook in said Ciiuritoii county, ;hi(1 also iiassiiiLr
tbrouji'h or toui-hinix the lilulTs or hjoh lanil< liotwccn the Ahiscle Fork
creek and tlio Charituii river and south of the to\vii of Keytesvillc.and
estal)lisli a depot or station house at tlio nearest and most practical)h>
point on said Miills or iui;h lands to said town of Keytcsvilie."
It was a gfcal nii>t'i'rtunc in many respects, and especially in a bus-
iness point of view, that the depot was located so far fioin the town..
Had it been built just south of town, instead of a mile and a quarter
away, Kcytes\ille doubtless wouUl liave containod double its prc'sent
popidatiou, and wuuhl have assumed somethini;- of the aspect of a new
jilace. U'hy a county court, ha\'inir :it ln^art the i;-ood of Chariton
county and its citizens, coiiM have; ever consented to rescind the onler
of l^CrJ, rer|uiring the railroad company to build its depot within half
a mile of the court houso, will i)erha[)s remain an inexplicable mvs-
terv". By doing tliis the conic ruined the prospects of the county seat,
prevented its t'uture growth and very niatorially detracted from the
price of real estate in the town and surrounding country. It was a
mistake, the cHect of which cannot be estimated in dollars and cents.
At the same term of emirt an order was made apiiointing E. A. Hol-
comb as a special commissioner to convey the lands formerly conveved
to the Chariton and liandolph IJailroad Comj)any, to the North ?ilis-
souri Railroad Conipanv.
Mr. Ilolcomb after\.ards, on the 13th day of February. 18(.)6, exe-
cuted a quit-claim deed to said last named railr(jad comi)anv for tlie
lands in question.
So matters stood until the 3d day of February, 1873, when an or-
der was entered of record by the ccninty court of Chariton county de-
claring all former o'-ders licretofoi-e referred to in n>gard to .■-aid
swamp and overllowed lands null anel void, and directing the lands to
be sold according to law, for the use and benefit of the public school
fund of the county, which order was again renewed on tiie 25th day
of April, 1873.
Afterwards the foll(>wing order was made :
" In the county court ijf Chariton county, .faniuiry 19, 187(5 ;
"Whereas, the Noith Missouri Kailroad Conqjany, and those claim-
ing under said ccniipanv, have hcretof u'c chiimetl ;uid still do s<'t up
claim or title to a large ijodv of .swanq) or ovcrtlowed lands of Chari-
ton ccnmtv, Missv)nri, amounlini;' to some thirty tlu)usand ai/rcs. more
-ifV less, and boloniTJu'T to the scIkxiI t'und of said count^•, pretending-
'■ to have derived title to s;iid lauds from and throuLih Chariton conntv.
HISTOKV or TIOWAItD AND CHAIilTOX COLNTIKS, t'lUT
liv ilivers iiretfiiiltnl orilors of the county courl, and (ithcr writings
■■iiul instniaient^. am', now hold and claim said lands ndveixdy to tlie
couiil} . Ai)d \vlu'i\as, in th'.^ jnd.i;)!)fiit ot' th'is court .^pi'ody action
should he taken to l■cco^'el• said lands, without \vliich said lands and
property will lie "isdiolly lost to the cf)nnty aTul to said scliool fund. It
is now, tb.erefori>, ordered liy the court that the prosecuting attorney
of Chariton county proceed at once to institute and prosecute to
judgment any and all actions arnl suits neccssarv to recover said lands
or establish the title thereto in favor of said county."
Under this last order made h}- Judge Isi)ell, on the ll^th da}' of
January, ISTti, O. F. Smith, who, at that time, was the prosecuting
attorney for Chariton county, aided i>y Col. A. S. Harris, Daniel G.
bauntlers untl H. Lander, commenced a numher of suits for the re-
covery of the lands in question. The various parties sued were rep-
resented by Col. R H. Musser, Col. L. II. AVaters, J. C. Crawley,
Kinlcy & Wallace, E. A. Holcomb, Andrew Mackay, Jr., and F. J.
Bowman, of St. Louis.
The validity of tlie various attemjited transfers, grants, releases,
conveyances, and other proceedings on this cpiestion, have undergone
a very thorough legal iuvestigation in the circuit court, and all the is-
sues presented in the suit to recover tlie lands by the county foi- the
use and benefit of the nublic school fund, have iieeii decideil liy Judge
Burgess in favor of the county. One case has id'cn a[ipealed to the
Supreme Court of the .State, and in that the judgment of the circuit
court was utHrmed. i'v these proceedings tlie public school fund of
the county has regained over $30,00*), which, according to the la<t
financial exhibit niadi* in Mav, 1883, shows the public school fund ot'
the county to b,- .$] ;,'U,(i;10.11 .
MtSCELLANEOUS :MATTE1:S POPULATION ]1Y TOWNSHirS.
Bee Branch town-hip ....... 2,29'^
Bowling Green township (including the town of Dallon, It)!') l,f ti'>
Brunswick township (including Brunswick town, 1,801) . t,lt;4
Chariton t(jwnship . . . . . . . . l,;-).')t!
Clark township -. l,VMJ
Cunningham township ( including:" Cunningham town, 177). 1.270
Keytesville township ( including Keytesville town, 737) . 3,337
Mendon township ........ fi^^O
Missouri township ........ 1,1.'>1
Muscle Fork town-hip ....... l.dtil
608
HlSTOriV OF HOWAKIJ AND CIIAiaXON COUNTIKS
Salislnirv town.ship (iuciuding Salisbury
Salt Creek township
Triplett to\vnshi|)
Wavlaiul town?hi[)
Yellow Creek towiisiiip
Wliite population in 18G0
Wiiite popul-.ition in 1870
"White population in 1880
Colored jiopulation in 1860
Colored population in 1870
Colored populati(jn in 1880
Born in the State
Illinois ....
Kentucky
Ohio " .
Tennessee
Iiuliiina ....
British America
England and AValei .
Ireland ....
France . . . ,
Scotland ....
Sweden and Norwaj'
German Empire
"Wool, pounds, grown in 1880
Butter, pound?, in 1880
Cheese, pounds, in 1880 .
The manufactures in Chariton county for
numbered
Capital invested in same .
Hands employed — males
Females " .
Children " .
Wages paid employees, 1880
Materials used
Produced
Taxable wealth for 1882 .
State revenue tax for 1882
State interest tax for 1882
own, 908)
the
3,809
001
1,1 tis
917
730
9,(i72
1(;,33(;
25,234
2,890
2,800
3,990
1(5, Olio
1,528
1,218
718
260
680
120
118
171
16
16
31
729
63,761
233,663
2,295
51
^ 11, 400
121
1
$24,803
130,965
210.713
$5,086,260 00
10,172 50
10,172 50
880
msTORy OF >[o^^AI;D and citaiutox coun'tiej
m^
Collections from merchaiiti" and manuf^icturer's tax
books for 1881
Ad valorem taxes ami lieenscs collected
Collection from hack tax liooks and delinrjuent pei-
sonal taxes, 1881
Interest on cnrrent taxes .....
Commissions on taxes, 1881 ....
Number of dramshops in the county, 1882 .
Number of wine and beer saloons, 1882
Rate of State licenses paid by dramshops, for a
period of six months .....
Rate of county licenses paid by dramshops for a
period of six months .....
State licenses paid for six months by wine and beer
saloons ........
County license same period ....
Amount of State licenses and ad valorem taxes paid
b}' dramshop-keepers, for year ending July 4,
1882 . . . ,
Amount paid for county license, same period
Amount of State license, and ad valorem taxes paid
by wine and beer saloons, for year ending July
4,1882
Amount of county licenses and ad valorem taxes for
same period .......
Total for State and county paid by dramshops and
wine and beer for rear ending July 4, 1882
State taxes for 18S2
County revenue .....
(Jounty interest . . .
Count}^ sinking fund .....
County poor tax ......
County township tax .....
Total State and county levy ....
Average rate of school tax
Amount paid tor prisoners in felony cases, 1882
Amount paid for prisoners in misdemeai\ors .
Total amount paid for prisoners in criminal cases,
1882
Number of fee bills audited in 1882
f)(;8
17
842
I 7
6,781
70
80
00
583
73
10
$ 100 00
200 00
20 00
20 00
584 17
1,168 .34
121 80
121 80
1
996
11
40
20
20
05
05
25
1
15
59|
442
00
271
50
1
,373
811
12
3530
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