THE Lib*
^GHJ%mO, UTAH
Digitized by the Internet Archive
in 2009 with funding from
Brigham Young University
http://www.archive.org/details/historyoflehiincOObyugard
HISTORY OF LEHI
INCLUDING
A Biographical Section
. O
Vvw^
PUBLISHED BY
THE LEHI PIONEER COMMITTEE
WRITTEN BY
HAMILTON GARDNER
THE DESERET NEWS
Salt Lake City, Utah
1913
BfclGHAM YOUNG U ^
PROVO, UTAH
"What do zee want with this vast worthless
area; this region of savages and wild beasts,
of deserts, of shifting sands and whirlwinds of
dust, of cactus and prairie dogs? To -what use
could zee ever hope to put these great deserts,
or those endless Imountain ranges, impenetrable,
and covered to their very base with eternal
snow?. What can we ever hope to do with the
western coast, a coast of 3,000 miles, rock-
bound, cheerless, uninviting, and not a harbor
on it? Mr. President, I will never vote one cent
from the public treasury to place the Pacific
Coast one inch nearer to Boston than it now is."
(Daniel Webster, in U. S. Senate.)
PREFACE.
THIS history is issued under the direction of the Lehi
Pioneer Committee, consisting of William S. Evans,
Andrew Fjeld, George N. Child, Martin B. Bushman, and
Andrew B. Anderson. The securing of necessary facts
for the Pioneer Monument at its erection in 1908 brought
to light so much valuable historical matter that the com-
mittee determined to give it permanent book form. This
proposal was approved by the people of the city in a pub-
lic meeting, and work was immediately started on the pro-
ject ; it has continued uninterruptedly since.
The material for the volume has been gathered from
many sources. James Kirkham, while acting as tithing
clerk, Frank Butt, as clerk of the Lehi Second Ward (ec-
clesiastical), W. Karl Hopkins, Principal of the Lehi
High School, and Ephraim J. Child, have searched out a
store of useful information. But most of the data has
been gathered by the Pioneer Committee itself by personal
conversation and wide-reaching correspondence. In this
work, special credit must be accorded Bishop Andrew
Fjeld, who for many months has devoted a large part of
his time to this history.
While most of the city records are in fairly good
condition, some periods are almost wholly lacking, and it
was only with extreme difficulty that the missing facts
could be ascertained. The lack of records concerning the
settlement of the city is more than compensated in com-
pleteness and accuracy by the practical unanimity of tes-
timony from the many participants consulted.
vi HISTORY OF LEHI.
Although one of the chief aims in the writing of this
history has been to make it absolutely as accurate as pos-
sible, it is unbelievable that some mistakes of time, place,
or identity have not crept in. If so, they are wholly un-
intentional.
Special thanks must be given to William Fothering-
ham, Henry McConnell, and Joel W. White, who, upon
invitation of the committee, made special trips to Lehi
from Beaver, Cedar City, and Idaho respectively, to fur-
nish information; Mrs. David Clark; Jacob and Edward
Cox; Bishop Thomas R. Cutler, who went over Chapter
XVII, and supplied many necessary facts concerning it ;
Professor Levi Edgar Young, of the University of Utah.
who has read a number of the chapters and offered many
helpful suggestions ; John Woodhouse and James Har-
wood, whose interesting accounts constitute a large part
of whatever merit the book possesses ; and a score of oth-
ers who have contributed to the success of the under-
taking.
The writer became connected with the history in the
summer of 1912, while performing some research work
for the department of history of the University of Utah.
Engaged at that time by the Pioneer Committee to write
the book, he has worked on it until the present. He leaves
it completed now, believing that the volume is a fitting
means of perpetuating the noble deeds of the pioneers, and
that the history of Lehi is a valuable contribution to the
history of the Commonwealth of which it forms a part.
Hamilton Gardner.
Lehi. Utah, August, 1913.
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER I.
FOREWORD.
History of Utah and Lehi Similar — Lehi a Typical Utah
Town — An Anglo-Saxon Village Community — Government
Stable — Effect of Ecclesiastical upon Civic Government —
Character of Lehi's Growth 1
CHAPTER II.
EXPLORATIONS IN AND AROUND LEHI.
1776-1849.
Native Indians — Franciscan Friars — Provost — Ashley — First
of Utah Pioneers — First Colony on Lake — Stansbury Party
— Visits of Later Lehi Residents — First Pioneer Boat-
manship — General Character of these Explorations 4
CHAPTER III.
PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS.
1850-1851
Brigham Young's Colonization Policy — The Peterson Party
— White and Thomas — Royle and Clark — Daniel Cox —
Charles Hopkins — Building Operations — The First Saw —
Pioneer Furniture — The First Baby — The First Fort — ■
The First' Winter — John Ryan — Hunting and Fishing —
An Averted Accident — The First Death— The Winter
Safely Through — The Nucleus of the Future City 10
CHAPTER IV.
THE BEGINNING OF COMMUNITY LIFE.
Other Locations than Sulphur Springs — Peter Shirts — The
Lott Settlement — Evansville — The Dry Creek Ward — -The
First Planting — The First Trouble with the Indians — -The
American Fork Ditch — A Peculiar Situation — The First
Boat Wreck— The First Boy— The First Blacksmith— The
First Flour Mill— The Close of 1851 29
HISTORY OF LEHI.
CHAlxER V.
THE BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE.
1852-1854
Lehi Incorporated — Irrigation . Water Grant — Lehi's First
Legislator — Changes in the Bishopric — Sugar Beets —
Close of 1852— Alteration of Time of First Election — First
Municipal Election — Minutes of the City Council — Post
Office — Second Change in the Bishopric — Jordan Bridge
— First City Ordinance — First School Election 42
CHAPTER VI.
TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS.
1853-1856 ,
The Walker War — The Second Fort — Military Organization
— Indian Expeditions — A Fort Wall Planned — Second Mu-
nicipal Election — A Peculiar Office — Board of Examiners
— The Fort Wall — Pioneer Day, 1854 — The Indian House
—The Ti'ntic War 65
CHAPTER VII.
INITIAL STRUGGLES AND HARDSHIPS.
1854-1856
Grasshoppers — The First Harness — The First Threshing
Machine — Grasshopper War — First Fruit Trees — Hard
Times — Liberty Pole — Third Municipal Election 85
CHAPTER VIII.
EARLY CULTURAL ACTIVITY.
1851-1871
The First School House — Home Dramatic Organizations —
The Meeting House — Choirs — First Public Library — Fife
and Drum Corps — First Brass Band — Lehi Music Hall —
Conclusion 93,
CHAPTER IX.
FRONTIER PROBLEMS.
1856-1858
Hand Cart Veterans — Hand Cart Disaster — Belated Immi-
grants— An Exploring Trip — White Mountain Mission —
Salmon River Expedition 107
CONTENTS.
CHAPTER X.
THE ECHO CANYON WAR.
, 1857-1859
A Historic Twenty-fourth — Cavalry — Infantry — The "Move"
— Peace Commissioners in Lehi — Camp Floyd 122
CHAPTER XI.
CHURCH IMMIGRATION.
1860-1868
First Expedition — Crossing the Plains — Further Aid to Im-
migration— Later Immigration Expeditions 139
CHAPTER XII.
GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY.
1859-1869
Mulliner's Mill — Fourth Municipal Election — Introduction of
Alfalfa — Work on the Point of the Mountain — Fifth Mu-
nicipal Election — First Tannery — Sixth Municipal Election
— Mail Coach Massacre — Sugar Cane — Seventh Municipal
Election — Freighting — Eighth Municipal Election — Build-
ing a House in 1867 148
CHAPTER XIII.
THE BLACK HAWK WAR.
1865-1867
Preliminary Expeditions — First Company to Sanpete — Sec-
ond Company — Third Company — Fourth Company — Fifth
Company — War Reminiscences 171
CHAPTER XIV.
BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE.
1862-1883
The Firm of T. and W. Taylor — Lehi Union Exchange —
Pioneer Milliners — The Telegraph Reaches Lehi — Utah
Southern Railroad — The People's Co-operative Institu-
tion— The Livery Business — Denver and Rio Grande Rail-
way— T. F. Trane Mercantile Company — The First Butcher
— Cattle and Sheep — The First Hotels — Pioneer Drug-
gists and Doctors — The Warm Springs — Pioneer Jewelers 185
x HISTORY OF LEHI.
CHAPTER XV.
CONTINUED GROWTH.
1868-1890
The Swett Tragedy — The Grasshoppers Return — Ninth Mu-
nicipal Election — The Meeting House Fire — Tenth Muni-
cipal Election — The Cemetery Surveyed — The First City
Hall Built — The City Grows — End of Jordan Bridge Com-
pany-— A Sad Christmas— Eleventh Municipal Election —
New Schools— Twelfth Municipal Election — Thirteenth
Municipal Election — The Present City Hall Built — Irriga-
tion Litigation — Fourteenth Municipal Election — A Cen-
sus Taken — Fifteenth Municipal Election — New Educa-
tional Methods — A Campaign for Shade Trees — Broadbent
& Son — Sixteenth Municipal Election — Lehi Adopts Stand-
ard Time — Seventeenth Municipal Election — The "Under-
ground"-— Eighteenth Municipal Election — A Curfew Law
Passed — Telephone — Nineteenth Municipal Election —
Sectional Rivalry in Lehi — The Streets Named 204
CHAPTER XVI.
THE CHURCH IN LEHI.
1851-1913
Bishop David Evans — First Change in the Bishopric — Lehi's
First Missionaries — Jehial McConnell Resigns — Quorums
Organized — Counselor Hatch Moves to Cache Valley —
Abel Evans, a Missionary in Wales — Sunday School Or-
ganized— William H. Winn a New Counselor — Other Or-
ganizations Founded — Death of Counselor Thomas Karren
—Reorganization — Thomas R. Cutler Succeeds Bishoo
Evans — Death of Bishop Evans — Death of Counselor Winn
— Another Death in the Bishopric — North West Branch
Organized — The New Tabernacle — Counsleor Clark Re-
signs— Lehi Ward Divided — The First Ward — The Second
Ward— The Third Ward— The Fourth Ward— The New
West Church and School 237
CHAPTER XVII.
THE BEET SUGAR INDUSTRY.
1890-1913
Preliminary Steps — City Council Offers Bounty — The Fac-
torv Built— The First Campaign— Officers of the Company
— Growth of the Industry from Lehi — Effects on Lehi... 259
CONTENTS. xJ
CHAPTER XVIII.
PROSPERITY.
1891-1901
Lehi Commercial and Savings Bank — The Union Hotel — A
Second Livery Stable— The Lehi Banner — Twentieth Mu-
nicipal Election — President Harrison Visits Lehi — The
Central School House — Noted Educators — Twenty-first
Municipal Election — Old Folks' Committee — A Celebration
in the Canyon — A Canning Factory — James Kirkham &
Sons — Stoker — Twenty-second Municipal Election — The
Industrial Army — Twenty-third Municipal Election — Lehi
Celebrates Statehood — -Twenty-fourth Municipal Election
Electricity Reaches Lehi — Spanish War Heroes — Twenty-
fifth Municipal Election— The Citv Park — Emigration —
Lehi Mercantile Company — Twenty-sixth Mun'cipal Elec-
tion— Cotter's Grocery 268
CHAPTER XIX.
MODERN LEHI.
1902-1913
The Pumping Station — Twenty-seventh Municipal Election
— Racker Mercantile Company — Primary School House —
Twenty-eighth Municipal Election- — Business Growth —
Commercial Club — The Lehi High School — Twenty-ninth
Municipal Election — Pioneer Monument — City Water
Works — Legislation by the City Council — -Thirteenth Mu-
nicipal Election — Public Library — Grammar School Build-
ing— Home-Coming Week — Agricultural Development—
Thirty-first Municipal Election — Paving of Sidewalks —
Inter-urban Railway 292
CHAPTER XX.
TODAY AND TOMORROW.
Lehi Proud of Her Past — Satisfaction with the Present —
Land Valuable — Aid from Industry — An Ideal Residence
Town — Opportunity for Diversion — Outlook for the Future 319
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Hyland D. Wilcox 7
John Jacobs 8
Brigham Young 10
Canute Peterson 11
David Savage 12
Joel W. White and Wife... 14
David Clark 15
.Mrs. Lucy Cox 16
Henry McConnelJ 18
Mrs. "Elizabeth T. Moorehead 19
Claiborne Thomas and Wife 20
.Mr-. Azubia Deseret Cox
Hardwick 21
Plan of Fort at Snow Springs 22
Mr-. Israel Evans 24
Mrs. David Savage 25
Mrs. David Clark 26
William S. Riggs 27
James Clark 28
Abraham Losee 30
Mrs. Pamelia Lott 31
Bishop David Evans 32
Ira J. Willes 33
John Fotheringham and
Charlotte Fotheringham.. 34
Preston Moorehead 35
Mr-. Ann Moorehead Thomas 36
William Fotheringham .... 37
II. M. Rovle 38
Joseph J. Smith 39
Abram Hatch 40
Mr-. Abigail Evans Lott... 41
Orrace Murdoch 51
Martin Bushman 52
Silas P. Barnes 54
Thomas Taylor 56
lohn S. Lott 57
Alonzo I). Rhodes 58
Daniel S. Thomas 60
Present I '.ridge on Si1
Old Jordan Bridge 61
William Goates 62
Sylvanus Collett 64
Alexander Loveridge 66
John Brown 67
Capt. William S. S. Willes 69
James Harwood 70
Commission of David Evans
as Major of the Xauvoo
Legion— the Utah Militia 72
Thomas Ashton 73
Harrison Burgess 74
Plan of the Fort 77
Charles Barnes 79
Samuel Briggs 81
James Lamb 82
Mrs. Peter Schow 87
Mrs. Canute Peterson 88
Cradling Grain 90
Mrs. Johannah Jacobs 91
William Snow 92
Elisha H. Davis, Sr., and
Wife 94
Mrs. James W. Taylor.... 96
Mrs. Isabell Judd 97
Meeting House 98
Edward W. Edwards 100
John L. Gibb 101
Interior of Meeting House. 103
I saac W. Fox 104
Abraham Enough 105
Mrs. Sarah S. Brown 108
Mrs. Betsey Smith Goodwin 109
Mrs. Rebecca Pilgrim Goates 110
Mrs. M uriah Loader 112
Mr-. William Hall 113
Mrs. Carl J. E. Ejeld 114
Mr-. I [enry Simmonds 115
len- Holm 117
Xewal A. Brown 118
Mr-. Hannah S. Bone 119
Mr-. Joseph Broadbent 120
Weslej Mi den 126
Luke Titcomb 127
LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.
Henry Simmonds 129
Riley Judd 130
Joseph Slater 131
John Zimmerman and Wife 134
John C. Nagle 137
Edwin Standring 141
William Ball 142
Thomas R. Jones 145
Paulinas H. Allred 146
Samuel Mulliner 149
Commission of David Evans
as Mayor 151
James Q. Powell 154
William Dawson 155
John R. Murdock 157
Residence of David Evans. 158
Lorenzo H. Hatch 160
Thurman School 1 [ouse .... 162
I saac Goodwin 166
Israel Evans . . . 167
John Woodhouse 168
George William Kirkham.. 172
William Yates 173
Frank Molen and Wife.... 176
Andrew A. Peterson 178
William L. Hutchings 180
Charles Phillips 181
William W. Taylor 186
Building of Lehi Union Ex-
change 188
William Wanlass 189
.Mrs. Barbara Evans Bush.. 191
Utah Southern Station in
1873 192
William Bone, Sen 194
Hans Hammer 195
An Old Loom 198
Saratoga 202
Carl J. E. Fjeld 205
William H. Winn 207
Thomas Fowler 209
William Gurney 210
John Austin 211
John Johnson and Anna
Johnson 212
George William Thurman.. 214
Ross School House 216
Franklin School House 217
Samuel R. Thurman 219
City Hall 220
Andrew' R. Anderson 222
Lehi's First Baseball Team. 224
Simon P. Eggertson 226
Joseph Broadbent 227
Oley Ellingson 228
William Clark 229
George Webb 232
Birdie Stoddard 233
Samuel Taylor 234
James T. Powell 235
Abel Evans 241
James W. Taylor 242
Mrs. Rebecca Standring.... 244
Bishop Thomas R. Cutler. . 245
Third Ward Chapel 248
Laying of Corner Stone of
New Tabernacle 25(1
Lehi Tabernacle 252
Bishop Andrew Fjeld 254
Bishon James H. Gardner.. 255
Bishop 1 lenry Lewis 256
Bishop John Stoker 257
New West School Mouse.. 258
John Beck 262
"Clarence A. Granger 263
The Sugar Factorv in 1895. 266
Robert Stoddard 269
Abel John Evans 271
Central School House 273
First Old Folks Committee 276
fames P. Carter and Wife.. 27*
lohn Roberts Jr. 280
John S. Willes 282
Sego Lily School House... 283
Spanish War Volunteers... 284
Mosiah Evans 287
City Pavilion 288
George Austin 291
Jordan Pumping Station in
Winter 293
Largest Motor and Pump at
Jordan Pumping Station. 295
Primary School Building.. 297
Thomas Wrebb 299
Lehi Roller Mills 301
Pioneer Monument 304
xiv HISTORY OF LEHI.
Lehi Pioneer Committee. .. 305 State Street 314
Main Street 307 Plant of Utah Lake Irriga-
Fourth Ward Chapel 309 tion Company 316
Edward Southwick 311 William E. Racker VI
Grammar School Building. 312
INDEX to BIOGRAPHICAL SECTION,
Anderson, Andrew R 325
Anderson, Mary Ann Ped-
erson 326
Anderson, Nelsina 327
Anderson, Andrew Bjrring. 328
Anderson, Johannah J. J.. . . 330
Anderson, Mons 330
Anderson, Christine Bensen 331
Ashton, Thomas 332
Ashton, Araminta L 333
Austin, John 334
Ball, William 336
Barnes, Silas P 337
Bone, John 339
Bone, Hannah S 339
Bone, William, Sr 340
Bone, William, Jr 340
Briggs, Samuel 341
Broadbent, Joseph 342
Broadbent, Sarah Dixon... 343
Bushman, Martin 344
Bushman, Martin B 346
Bushman, John 347
Carter, James Perry, and
Wife 348
Child, John J 349
Child, Elizabeth A 349
Clark, David 350
Clark, Myra Williams 350
Clark William 351
Clark, Jane 351
Coleman, Sarah T. .' 352
Collett, Svlvanus 353
Cutler, Thomas R 355
Davis, Elisha H 356
Davis, Mary Ann M 359
Dickerson, W. W 360
Dorton, Joseph A 360
Dorton, Martha C 361
Edwards, Edward W 361
Evans, Abel 363
Evans, Mary Jones 363
Evans, Abel John 364
Evans, William S 366
Evans, David 367
Evans, Barbara Ann 368
Evans, Rebecca C 371
Evans, Israel 372
Evans, Matilda Thomas.... 372
Evans, David, Jr 373
Fjeld, Carl J. E 374
Fjeld, Anna Olson 376
Fjeld, Andrew 377
Fotheringham, William .... 379
Gardner, James H 380
Gardner, Rhoda P. H 382
Goates, William ... 383
Goates, Rebecca Pilgrim... 385
Goodwin, Isaac 386
Goodwin, Isaac H 387
Goodwin. Betsy Smith 388
Gough, James 388
Gough, Charlotte Crockett. 389
Gurney, William 389
Hadfield, William 390
Hammer, Hans 391
Hammer, Anne C. 0 392
Holm, Jens and Family.... 392
Ingalls, M. W 393
Jackson, Mary Joynson.... 395
Johnson, John 396
Jones, Ellen W 396
Karren, Thomas 397
Karren, John 398
Karren, Maria Lawrence... 398
Kirkham, George William. 399
Knudson, Thorsten 400
Lamb, James J 401
Larson, Lars Victor 402
Lewis, Henry 402
Losee, Abraham 403
Lott, Permelia Darrow 404
Moorehead, Elizabeth T. . . 405
Mulliner, Samuel 406
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Peterson, Andrew A 407
Peterson, Mary A. Pherson 408
Peterson, Andrew F 408
Peterson, Hannah C. (Jones) 409
Peterson, Canute 410
Powell, James Q 412
Powell, Thaddeus 413
Powell, Ester A. A 414
Racker, William E 414
Racker, Frederick E 415
Roberts, John, Jr 416
Robinson, George G 417
Ross, John E .. 418
Russon, Lot, and Eliza
Round 419
Royle, Henry 420
Royle, Ann Capstick 421
Schow, George P 421
Smith, Joseph Johnson.... 423
Smith, Ann Coleman 424
Smith, Sarah A. L 425
Southwick. William 426
Southwick, Edward 429
Southwick, Ann .Maria T. . . 430
Southwick, Edward, Jr 431
Standring, Edwin 431
Standring, Rebecca S 432
Stewart, John and Lydia... 433
Taylor, William W 434
Taylor, Samuel R 435
Taylor, Martha Ann Fox. . . 436
Thomas, Daniel S 437
Thurman, George William. . 438
Titcomb, Luke 439
Trane, Thomas F 440
Trane, Eliza M 442
Vaughn. Michael 443
Webb, George 444
Webb, Mary Ann W 445
Webb, John Stokes 446
Webb, Hannah Grace 447
Webb. William and Harriet 448
Whipple. Robert John .... 449
Whipple, Susie Winn 450
Willes, Ira J 451
Willes. Mellisa L. S 451
Willes. William S. S 452
Willes, Alzina Lucinda .... 454
Wing. John William 455
Wing, Tohn William, Jr. . . . 456
Winn, William H 458
Woodhouse, John 459
Worlton. John 460
Worlton, Anna B 461
Zimmerman, John 462
HISTORY OF LEHL
CHAPTER I.
Foreword.
THE history of Lehi is almost the history of Utah
in miniature. The same type of people founded
the city; the same trend and kind of growth is evi-
dent; the same struggles and hardships were com-
mon to both; the same events left their effects on
both; the same influences of uplift and betterment
were at work — Lehi is but a small-scale reproduction
of Utah.
As a type of Utah town, Lehi is an exceptionally
good one ; because its history began so early. Hence
it expresses in true terms that which was common to
all the contemporary history of the Commonwealth.
Here was no need to hide anything. Unlike Salt
Lake City, the founders of Lehi were not under crit-
ical and unfriendly observation, so the people were at
liberty to live out their ideals as they desired. Their
subsequent record bespeaks the high character of
those ideals.
Furthermore, Lehi is not only a typical Utah
town, but an excellent type of the Anglo-Saxon vil-
lage community as well. In their every step in gov-
ernment, the people of the little community have ex-
pressed those civic ideas common to the race. Like
2
2 HISTORY OF LEHI.
their Teutonic and New England forefathers, they in-
herently built up a type of government which had as
its chief characteristic the independence of the local
unit. The town meeting was the universal way of
transacting community business, just as it was with
the Puritans — whose descendants, indeed, these pio-
neers were. Their race expressed itself; the Anglo-
Saxon blood was supreme. Their governments,
whether municipal, county, or state, were always
characterized by their stability and democracy.
To many, this fact may not seem worthy of men-
tion. Yet a mere glance at the history of the West
at the time will show that it is sufficiently remark-
able. Civilization had as yet not become firmly
planted west of the Missouri. Indeed, the frontier
settlements along that river were famous for their law-
lessness and wildness. For many years afterwards,
in fact, there could be found very few firmly estab-
lished governments of any kind in the West. Yet
these pioneers transplanted bodily the law and order
to which they had formerly been accustomed, and
they had no more than found a permanent resting
place in the mountains than they established a gov-
ernment whose superior in strength and equality of
rights could not be found in America.
That ecclesiastical and civic governments very
much overlapped at first there is no denying. Nor
need this occasion any great wonder. The pioneers
had come west for a religious ideal — their religion
was their life: it permeated all their activities and
necessarily colored them. Yet there is no doubt that
just such a bond was needed to hold together these
FOREWORD. 3
people in the foundation of a commonwealth. Surely
the boundless wealth lying in the mountains, the
fortunes in hunting and trapping, were not the goals
which enticed the pioneers towards the Rockies.
Their every action proclaims their migration to be
only the working out of the desire for freedom of
conscience. Yet if church and state were intermixed
in Utah, Lehi was perhaps more free from such a
condition than some other towns , because of the ex-
ceptionally early establishment of her municipal gov-
ernment.
The character of Lehi's founders is exemplified in
the steady, consistent growth of the city as a result
of their foundations. It was no mushroom mining
camp they built, nor yet a transient trading post ; it
was a home. Permanency was the keynote of their
pioneer life. And that their work was not in vain the
flourishing city of today bears unmistakable witness.
CHAPTER II.
Explorations in and Around Lehi.
NATIVE INDIANS.
JUST what Indian tribes have resided on the north
end of Utah Lake, how long they have remained
there, what constituted their customs and manner of
living, is to history unknown. Definite is, however,
that this part of Utah Valley has long been a haunt
of the dusky redmen, because numerous arrow heads,
stone mills, and other weapons and utensils have
been excavated near the springs and other meeting
places of the savages. On entering the valley, white
men found small bands from the neighboring Utah
tribes, who eked out a meager existence from fishing
in the lake and raising small quantities of Indian corn.
Like their tribesmen, they were nomads and wan-
dered from place to place as their food supply dimin-
ished or was exhausted.
FRANCISCAN FRIARS.
The actual settlers of Lehi were not the first white
men to view the site of the future city by almost a
century. In July, 1776, two Franciscan monks from
Xew Mexico, Francisco Antanasio Dominguez and
Silvester Velez de Escalante, determined to find, if
possible, a short route from Santa Fe to California,
and accordingly set out for the northwest. Their
1776-1825] EXPLORATIONS. 5
wanderings — which took them through western Col-
orado and eastern Utah — finally brought them down
the Provo River into the Utah Valley, and they were
the first white men to behold the beautiful lake which
lies nestling there. This was probably in the early
part of September. They christened the Jordan the
Santa Ana, and found it and the other streams in the
vicinity, as well as the lake, to be teeming with fish.
The Indians, the Spaniards tell us, lived in willow
huts and subsisted from hunting and fishing, the
former because plenty of bear, deer, buffalo, jackrab-
bits, and wild fowl were found in the neighborhood.
After stopping a short time in the inviting valley, the
friars resumed their journey late in September, and
passing along the Sevier River reached New Mexico.
PROVOST.
As to who the next white men were to visit the
site of Lehi, nothing can be definitely ascertained. It
is stated that a trapper named Provost (sometimes
spelled Proveau) visited the north end of the valley,
and it is presumed that Provo is named after him.
His visit is supposed to have been in 1820, but this
fact cannot be verified. Undoubtedly, however, some
of the numerous trappers and hunters who were roam-
ing the West in the early '20's for the Hudson Bay
Company and the North American Fur Company
visited the lake and hunted along its shores.
ASHLEY.
One such person, William N. Ashley of St. Louis,
led, in 1825, a company of considerable size to the
6 HISTORY OF LEHI. ri825-i849
West arid founded Fort Ashley on the lake. From
the fort, this body of water was long known as Lake
Ashley. It is not unreasonable to believe, also, that
some of the many immigrants, missionaries, and ad-
venturers, who passed through Utah on their way
west between 1830 and 1845, stopped temporarily in
Utah Valley, lured by the pleasant scenery and smil-
ing beauty of the lake. Known among these, how-
ever, is scarcely any other than John C. Fremont, the
intrepid explorer and subsequent presidential candi-
date.
FIRST OF UTAH PIONEERS.
On July 27th, 1847, just three days after the arrival
of the first company of pioneers, Orson Pratt, while
out with an exploring party in the southern end of
Salt Lake Valley, climbed a high range of hills and
obtained the first glimpse of Utah Lake. The honor
of being the first to explore it fell to other hands. On
August 5, Jesse C. Little returned from an explor-
ing expedition in Utah Valley, and reported that the
soil there was exceptionally well adapted for cultiva-
tion.
FIRST COLONY ON LAKE.
The pioneers were not slow to take advantage of
this favorable report. As early as 1849, a party under
the leadership of John S. Higbee founded a colony
and built a fort on the present site of Provo. Con-
tinual altercations with the Indians, however, made
its early existence a difficult one.
STANSBURY PARTY.
It was in this same year that the first survey — in-
1849]
EXPLORATIONS.
complete as it must have been — was made of Utah
Lake. This work was under the direction of Captain
Howard Stansbury, of the United States Army, who
proved to be a loyal and useful friend to the strug-
gling colonists.
VISITS OF LATER LEHI RESIDENTS.
Before any attempt had been made to establish a
colony on the site of Lehi, two of the city's later res-
idents passed through
the place. Neither knew
at the time that they
should later become
citizens of the commu-
nity to be founded
there. The first of these
was Hyland D. Wilcox.
A boy of thirteen then,
he had crossed the
plains in 1849 in com-
pany with Ephraim
Brown, who settled in
Draper after his arrival.
It was as companion to
this man that Wilcox
came into the north end
of Utah Valley, some hyland d. wilcox.
time between July fifteenth and twentieth of the same
year, in search of grazing land for their cattle. On
Dry Creek they encountered a camp of Indians whose
none too cordial welcome caused Brown to decide
that other places would be more suitable for pastur-
age, so they returned to Draper.
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1849
Ill 1849 also, John Jacobs passed through the site of
Lehi on his way to Cali-
fornia. Leaving Illinois
May 18, and crossing
the plains in a company
under charge of Ezra T.
Benson, he arrived in
Salt Lake, October 31.
About one week later
he joined a company
bound for California.
They passed Dry Creek
about November 10,
and camped over night
on a spring southeast of
the present city, pro-
ceeding immediately on
their way. Two years
later, Jacobs purchased
a lot in Evansville, and took up his permanent resi-
dence upon it in the spring of 1852.
FIRST PIONEER BOATMANSHIP.
To Parley P. Pratt must be accredited the honor of
being the first pioneer to navigate the waters of the
lake, according to the following statement from his
journal (p. 402) :
"Some time in December (1847), having finished
sowing wheat and rye, I started, in company with a
Brother Higby and others, for Utah Lake with a boat
and fish net. We traveled some thirty miles with our
boat, etc., on an ox wagon, while some of us rode on
**k
JOHN JACOBS.
1849] EXPLORATIONS. 9
horseback. This distance brought us to the foot of
Utah Lake, a beautiful sheet of fresh water, some
thirty-six miles long by fifteen broad. Here we
launched our boat and tried our net, being probably
the first boat and net ever used on this sheet of water
in modern times." [Pratt was probably wrong in this
statement, as can be readily seen from the list of
trappers and explorers who preceded him.]
"We sailed up and down the lake shore on its west-
ern side for many miles, but had only poor success in
fishing. We, however, caught a few samples of moun-
tain trout and other fish."
GENERAL CHARACTER OF 1HESE EXPLORATIONS.
All these stops on Utah Lake were only temporary.
Spanish monk, American trapper, explorer, and ad-
venturer alike were drawn to its shores only for gain
or adventure. To make a permanent colony was far
from being their aim. It remained for the Mormon
pioneers to send out the expedition which resulted in
the city of Lehi.
CHAPTER III.
Permanent Foundations.
WHEN the Mormons entered Utah, in 1847, it
was their intention to remain permanently.
The desire for gold and the search for adventure were
not the phantoms which lured them from their homes
in Illinois to an unknown land in the \Yest. Like the
Pilgrims of old, they
hoped in a new country
to find liberty — civic
and religious — and the
opportunity of carrying
out their ideals and per-
forming their destiny
free from the molesta-
tions of persecution and
bigotry. Their memor-
able pilgrimage across
the plains — a march al-
most without parallel in
the annals of history —
brought them at last to
their mountain home.
Under the leadership of
Brigham Young — long
regarded by both Utahn and stranger as one of the
greatest pioneers of history — they immediately pro-
BRIGHAM YOUNG.
1850]
PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS.
11
ceeded to establish a permanent abiding place, and
began the heart-breaking task of wresting a liveli-
hood from the desert waste which they found.
One of the first moves undertaken by the Mor-
mon authorities was to explore new land for their
co-religionists who should come later. Parties were
sent out into all adja-
cent parts of the Terri-
tory to find suitable sites
for colonization. In this
way Brigham Young
became thoroughly ac-
quainted with the coun-
try and was able to give
pertinent advice to new-
comers who desired a
place to settle. Among
other places such a par-
ty of home-seekers en-
tered Utah Valley in
1850.
THE PETERSON PARTY.
Having heard favor-
able reports in regard to
the land around American Fork Creek, a party corm
posed of Canute Peterson, David Savage, Charles
Hopkins, Henry Royle, William S. Empey, William
Wadsworth, and Surveyor Lemmon, set out on an
exploring expedition to Utah Valley in July, 1850.
They proceeded immediately to this little stream, but
were surprised to find, on their arrival, that it was
already pre-empted by* Washburn Chipman, Arza
CANUTE PETERSON.
12
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1850
Adams and others who laid claim to all the land and
water in the vicinity.
A disagreement arising between the two parties'
the next morning, Peterson and his followers imme-
diately left and stopped at another stream about three
miles west, which, on account of the difficulty with
which they found suffi-
cient water for their
horses, they named Dry
Creek, an appellation
much more truthful than
poetic. After camping
approximately on the
site of the present City
Park, they spent the re-
mainder of the day in
exploring the surround-
ing country, going as far
south as Utah Lake and
as far west as the Jordan
River.
They found the valley
david savage. to be covered with sage
brush, intermingled here
and there with a sprinkling of greasewood and bunch-
grass and colored occasionally with a patch of sun-
flowers or Indian paint brushes. A strip of meadow-
grass, cane brakes, rushes and flags formed an em-
erald border around the lake. A spring was also dis-
covered about three-fourths of a mile north of the
lake, and one mile east of the river, which was chris-
tened Sulphur Springs on account of the peculiar
1850] PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS. 13
taste of the water. This spring later became the cen-
ter around which the first settlers located. In 1853
it came into the possession of William Snow, and
was henceforth known as Snow's Spring. Recently
it has become clogged with weeds and undergrowth,
and the water has dwindled to a mere seepage.
After their investigation of the country, the party,
being favorably impressed with the land and its pos-
sibilities, surveyed and located an extensive tract and
determined to return and settle permanently.
As to who was the first person actually to set up a
permanent home on the site of Lehi, there exists a
difference of opinion. There is a woeful lack of rec-
ords, the principal actors in these stirring events have
long since passed to the Great Beyond, and in the
minds of the few survivors a mistiness beclouds the
dates and events which make up this eventful his-
tory. In all the lack of information and amid all the
seeming disagreement as to priority, however, a dif-
ference of only one month is found in the time of
arrival of the first families.
WHITE AND THOMAS.
On the 5th of September, 1850, a band of im-
migrants who had crossed the plains in Captain Aaron
Johnson's company, arrived at the home of David
Savage in Salt Lake City. Among this number was
Joel W. White, a brother-in-law of Savage. Weary
and footsore from their long journey, their first
thought was of a resting place where they could build
a home. Savage urged White and his friends to go
to Utah Valley, offering part of the land he had taken
14
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1850
up as an inducement. The proposal was gladly ac-
cepted, and a week after the close of the semi-annual
conference, held this year on the 5th of September,
found the little company on its way south.
Savage directed White to proceed to Sulphur
Springs, considering that the best place to obtain
water for domestic use.
He promised to follow
the next day and over-
take the party if it
should lose its way.
Such a precaution was
unnecessary, however,
because White and his
companions had little
trouble in finding the
springs, where they im-
mediately pitched camp.
In this company were
the families of Joel
William White, John
Griggs White, Claiborne
Thomas, and Elizabeth
JOEL W. WHITE AND WIFE. a- tv/t u i <-ru
T. Moorehead. The
next day, David Savage and two hired men arrived,
and they were followed a few days later by the family
of Samuel D. White, brother of Joel W. and son of
John G. White.*
*William S. Riggs maintains that David Savage, himself and
a young man named Hager were the first arrivals at the springs,
having passed White's company at Little Cottonwood. The three
later returned to Salt Lake for Savage's family. He places the
order of arrival as follows: Savage, White, Clark, Cox.
1850]
PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS.
15
ROYLE AND CLARK.
David Clark and family arrived in Salt Lake City
August 26, 1850, having crossed the plains with a
company of gold diggers on their way to California.
While in the city the Clarks were entertained at the
home of his brother-in-law, Henry. Royle. who finally
persuaded them to ac-
company him to Dry
Creek. After about two
weeks' rest for the
wearied travelers, the
two families began their
southward journey with
Royle's ox team and the
running gear of a wag-
on. They arrived in the
vicinity of Dry Creek,
September 10, 1850.
Probably because of
lack of knowledge of the
country, they did not go
directly to Sulphur
Springs, but camped for
the time further east on
the Ira Willes Spring. This fact may account for the
conflicting statements as to antecedence of arrival,
for Joel W. White maintains that his company was
the first to camp at Sulphur Springs, while Mrs.
David Clark insists that she was the only woman in
the vicinity for some time after her arrival. Royle
and Clark found the ground around the Willes Spring
DAVID CLARK.
16
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1850
too marshy, so they moved their camp to the drier
soil surrounding Sulphur Springs.
DANIEL COX.
Having arrived in Salt Lake City some time be-
tween the first and fifth of September, 1850, after
crossing the plains in
Capt. Wall's company,
Daniel Cox happened to
meet Brigham Young on
the street one day and
asked where he should
make his home. After
a moment's reflection,
President Young re-
plied: "Brother Cox, go
south and prosper with
the Saints in Utah Val-
ley."
With these general
directions in mind, Cox
and his family were
soon on their way. Hav-
ing reached the Point of
the Mountain, they encountered a number of men
who advised them to settle on Dry Creek. After
crossing the Point — an extremely hazardous under-
taking at that time, because the way led up through
a ravine, over the mountain, and down a hollow on
the other side, instead of around the Point as at pres-
ent— Cox followed the trail he found there, and, pass-
ing about where the State Road now runs, reached
MRS. LUCY COX.
18S0]
PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS. 17
Dry Creek, where he pitched camp on the east bank.
An amusing anecdote is told about Cox's first sup-
per. To the south of the camp lay Utah Lake, shim-
mering and gleaming in the rays of the setting sun.
To Cox it appeared very near, and he determined to
get some water from it while supper was being pre-
pared. Taking a bucket, he started on his er-
rand. After walking for some time he noticed that
the water appeared no nearer than at first, and so he
gave up, filled his bucket from a spring he had
chanced to find, and reached camp after dark, much
chagrined, the family being considerably worried in
the meanwhile.
About the third day after their arrival on Dry
Creek, they discerned several teams and wagons com-
ing down the trail from the Point of the Mountain,
but instead of continuing to the creek, they turned
south towards the lake. Cox decided to follow them,
and accordingly broke camp, caught the others and
with them camped on Sulphur Springs. Here again
may possibly be a disagreement, for the Cox broth-
ers, Edward and Jacob, state that this company was
the first to camp on Sulphur Springs, but who the
other families were they cannot now recall.
CHARLES HOPKINS.
Before the end of November, 1850, Charles Hop-
kins and Israel Evans, together with their families,
and William Fotheringham, with his aged father and
mother, had arrived at the colony. They were fol-
lowed by Thomas Karren and family, who had
18 HISTORY OF LEHI. nsso
crossed the mountains from Salt Lake Valley near
the present site of Alpine, and had followed the creek
down to Sulphur Springs. Jehial McConnell and
family were the last to arrive, and they completed the
little colony which spent the winter of 1850-1851 at
the spring by the lake.
BUILDING OPERATIONS.
The first problem for these sturdy pioneers to set-
tle was the erection of some kind of dwelling that
would protect them from the inclemency of the rap-
idly approaching winter
as well as from the pos-
sible incursions of the
red men. Immediately,
therefore, they began
felling the native Cot-
tonwood trees which
were to be found some
miles up the creek, trim-
J t ming them into logs,
__«& \ _^ and hauling them to the
» ^k W spring. Meantime the
M Mk/tk ^m wagon boxes were put
V^ mk $mmi ^r on tne Sronnd an(l used
^H mi J ^W for temporary quarters.
^^^ ^^r Those early cabins
henry McConnell. consisted of only one or
two rooms, according to
the size of the family — surely none too ample quar-
ters. The walls were approximately seven feet high ;
the roof a leaky, inadequate contrivance of willows
1850]
PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS.
19
and dirt, gabled at each end. The openings between
the logs were "chinked" with pieces of wood and
daubed with mud. A sod fireplace in one corner of
the room served the varied purposes of cooking, fur-
nishing heat and providing light. Doors were made
for some of the cabins from the wagon boxes, while
for others quilts served the same purpose. By those
who had it, "factory" was tacked over the window
openings, which served the double purpose of letting
in the light and keeping
out the cold, although
it necessarily performed
both these functions im-
perfectly.
THE FIRST SAW.
It was not long until
William Fotheringham
and Thomas Karren
made shift to provide a
saw pit in a nearby
gully. Here, with a
whip saw and with Kar-
ren as top sawyer and
Fotheringham under-
neath, lumber was
sawed to finish some of mrs. Elizabeth t.moorehead.
the cabins. The necessary logs were hauled from Al-
pine Canyon. Of these homes, thus difficultly erected,
Joel W. White says:
"Of logs we built our houses,
Of shakies made the doors,
Of sod we built the chimneys,
Dirt we had for floors."
20
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1850
PIONEER FURNITURE.
The furniture of those early days lacked most of
the beauty and convenience of modern furniture, and
possessed, indeed, only little of its utility. All of it
was cumbersome and clumsy, being made from the
materials at hand, except in those rare instances
where a chair or bed had been brought from the Mis-
souri River. Three-legged stools took the place of
the former, while a frame of poles in one corner of
the room sufficed for the latter. The chief cooking
utensils were an iron pot to hang over the fire, a fry-
ing pan, and a bake kettle.
With such equipment were the pioneer mothers
compelled to keep house. That their problem was a
difficult one needs no further proof than a mere state-
ment of the facts. Nor
was the providing of
food on the part of the
men at all less difficult.
With the exception of
that which they ob-
tained from the chase
and from the settlers in
Salt Lake Valley, their
food had almost entire-
ly been brought from
the Missouri frontier by
means of slow-moving
prairie schooners. Here
was a case of ingenuity
triumphing over envi-
claiborne thomas and wife, ronment, or starvation.
1850]
PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS.
21
And right nobly did these men and women meet the
situation, and in spite of hardships and obstacles, suc-
ceeded in obtaining a livelihood.
THE FIRST BABY.
The Cox cabin was no more than well begun when,
on November 5, 1850, a baby girl was born to Mrs.
Cox. She was named Azubia Deseret, and was the
first white child to see
the light of day on Dry
Creek. Her birth in a
wagon box did not pre-
vent her from growing
into a rugged, healthy
girl.*
THE FIRST l'ORT.
When the erection of
ihe cabins began, it was
planned to build them
end to end in the form
of a fort, with the spring
in the center; but this
design was never car-
ried out, because of the
small number of the set-
tlers. Only the north
side was completed with
eight houses, together with four on the east and
three on the west, the south side being entirely open.
The location of the various families, commencing with the
south cabin on the east side, and going north to the north east
AZUBIA DESERET COX
HARDWICK.
*She is now Mrs. A. D. C. Hardwick, of Oxford, Idaho.
22
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1850
corner, thence west along the north side to the north-east corner,
thence south on the west side, was as follows:
First cabin — occupied by Samuel D. White; wife; son Orson;
and two daughters, Lucy (Mrs. William Flake), and Mary (Mrs.
A. Milton Musser).
Second cabin — occupied by David Savage; wife, Marv A.
White; daughter, Amanda P. (Cook); and two hired men, Wil-
liam S. Riggs and George Hager. The latter was a miner who
went to California during the winter.
Third cabin — occupied by John Griggs White and wife, Lucy
Baley, who were the aged parents of Charles D. White, Joel W.
White, and Mrs. David Savage.
*** a^ y ,
* y ^°
^ o*r ,/ *« ,/ v <r #r /
> r a
</ / y / & o*
/
^ .**■
V
©
Spr.ng
A
Rood way & ^*
PORT OM SNOW SPRINGS.
Fourth cabin — occupied by Joel William White; wife, Frances
Ann Thomas; and Daniel C. Thomas, the young brother of Mrs.
Joel W. White. This was the last cabin on the east side.
Fifth cabin — the home of Claiborne Thomas; wife Jane, and
infant daughter.
1850] PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS. 23
Sixth cabin — occupied by a widowed sister of Claiborne
Thomas, Elizabeth T. Moorehead, with two children, Preston
and Ann.
Seventh cabin — the home of David Clark; wife, Myra Wil-
liams; and infant son James.
Eighth cabin — home of Thomas Karren; wife; and six chil-
dren, namely: John, Sylvia (Mrs. Lorenzo H. Hatch), Thomas,
Hyrum, Charles, and Mary (Mrs. Hyrum Bennion).
Ninth cabin — occupied by Tohn and Charlotte Fotheringham
and their son William.
Tenth cabin — home of Charles Hopkins; wife; and step-son,
William Van Dyke.
Eleventh cabin — occupied by Israel Evans; wife, Matilda
Thomas; and infant daughter Abigail (Mrs. Benjamin S. Lott).
Twelfth cabin — home of Daniel Cox; wife, Lucy Smith; and
three sons by a former marriage, Edward, age IS, Jacob, age 13,
and Joseph. This was the last house on the north side of the
fort.
Thirteenth cabin — occupied by Jehial McConnell; wife; and
three sons, Henry, George, and William.
This made a total of fifty-two souls, classified as follows:
fifteen men, thirteen women, fifteen boys, and nine girls. Three
of the girls and two of the boys were babies.
Henry Royle had a tree fall on him and break his collar bone
and was taken to Salt Lake City, where he remained during
the winter. He is, therefore, not included in this enumeration.
Two other cabins had been started on the west side, but they
were never finished, because of a subsequent move to other
ground.
THE FIRST WINTER.
When the log cabins had been finished and the
families made as comfortable as possible under the
'circumstances, quarters for the animals were pro-
vided, and a quantity of grass was cut for hay. Those
first to arrive were able to put up the hay in good con-
dition, but the others found the grass frozen and unfit
24
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1850-1851
for this purpose. Fortunately for the infant colony,
the first winter, while quite cold, was open, and this
made it possible for the
stock to run at large un-
til spring.
In this work of pro-
viding fodder, only the
most primitive tools
were used by the pio-
neers. For mowing
grass, a- scythe and
snath were employed,
and often that most an-
cient of harvesting in-
struments, the sickle.
The chief tool, however,
was the ax, in the use of
which most of the men
were experts.
For animal help, the
settlers depended almost solely upon oxen. A few
pioneers were fortunate enough to possess horses,
and frequently cows were hitched to the wagons.
But practically all of the team work — plowing, log-
ging, road-making, and traveling — was performed
with the patient oxen, yoked to the wagon and
guided only by the "Gee" and "Haw" of the driver.
MRS. ISRAEL EVANS.
JOHN RYAN.
The little co'ony at Sulphur Springs had at least
one visitor during the winter. He was John Ryan
who had become involved with the Indians in Skull
PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS.
25
Valley and been chased by them to the east end of
Cedar Valley, where he checked their pursuit by kill-
ing two of them. Proceeding to the Jordan, he
crossed and stopped at the fort. Shortly afterwards,
Daniel Cox made a raft to ferry his things across the
river.
HUNTING AND FISHING.
The construction of this raft for Ryan seems to
have started Cox into other affairs of navigation, for
a short time later he hollowed a tree trunk for a
canoe, which he used on
his hunting and fishing
trips on the river and
lake. He also impro-
vised a sort of gill net
to catch fish in the river.
Cox was easily the prin-
cipal Nimrod in the
camp, and frequently
shared his ducks, geese,
or fish with his fellows.
That the others were
also engaged in this
kind of activity can be
seen from the fact that
Claiborne Thomas and
some of the women suc-
ceeded, late in the win-
ter, in making a hundred
chased in Salt Lake City
a lead line and cork line,
chased a skiff for use on
MRS. DAVID SAVAGE.
foot seine out of twine pur-
, and provided it with both
Claiborne Thomas also pur-
the lake, and sent Joel W.
26
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1850-1851
White to haul it from Salt Lake City. On this trip
the latter found a number of men building a road
around the Point of the Mountain. He was, there-
fore, the first member of the settlement to pass over
the new highway. With this equipment, the colo-
nists succeeded in catching sufficient fish to satisfy
their needs. Later the supply exceeded the demand,
and the fish were sold in the surrounding settlements,
often as far as Tooele. Thus arose Lehi's first com-
mercial enterprise.
AN AVERTED ACCIDENT.
That so much hunting and fishing could be carried
on without accident was marvelous; indeed, there
came nearly being a serious mishap early in the win-
ter. One day Claiborne Thomas noticed a flock of
geese flying over the
fort. Rushing into the
cabin after his gun, he
accidentally discharged
it as he came out of the
door. The shot went
into David Clark's wag-
on, which stood near
by, for Clark's cabin was
not yet finished. Ter-
ribly frightened, Thomas
hurried to the wagon,
and, raising the cover,
was relieved to find
Mrs. Clark seated in the
other end quietly comb-
mrs. david clark. ™g her hair.
1851]
PERMANENT FOUNDATIONS.
27
THE FIRST DEATH.
In the month of February, John G. White, after a
life full of activity, devotion, and faith, passed to the
Great Settlement beyond. David Savage, who was
a carpenter, and owned a set of tools, made a respec-
table coffin from a wagon box, and Father White was
interred. His grave is in an old burial ground situ-
ated a little west of Dry Creek, and north of the State
Road* Thus occurred the first death on Dry Creek.
THE WINTER SAFELY THROUGH.
Despite all their diffi-
culties, the inmates of
the little fort passed
safely through the first
winter. True it is that
many of them were en-
tirely without shoes,
and the clothing of all
was woefully patched.
But good health was
theirs, and they enjoyed,
in some measure • at
least, what they had left
the East to find — free-
dom and a home. It
was only natural, there-
WILLIAM S. RIGGS.
*This cemetery was used for many years in early times, and
although most of the dead buried there were reinterred in the
present city cemetery, there still remain a few graves. Of late
these have fallen into neglect, but a movement is now on foot
to care for them and also to erect suitable monuments.
28
HISTORY OF LEHI.
11851
fore, that their gratitude should frequently find ex-
pression in religious services. Meetings were held at
various times- through-
out the winter, under
the direction of David
Savage and Charles
Hopkins.
THE NUCLEUS OF THE
FUTURE CITY.
Thus with the advent
of a few families and
their camp around a
spring, the growth of
one of Utah's chief cities
began. Such a develop-
ment as has actually
taken place was un-
doubtedly far from the
minds of those hardy
founders. But they
builded well, and upon their foundation has the su-
perstructure of Lehi's growth and prosperity been
placed.*
JAMES CLARK,
A Child at Sulphur Springs.
*Not all the inhabitants of the fort remained permanently in
I.clii. Some of them moved to other parts of the State and
assisted in pioneer work there. It is a notable fact that a large
number of these held prominent and responsible positions in
public service. This is equally true of their children. The winter
at Snow Springs proved to be an excellent school.
CHAPTER IV.
The Beginning of Community Life.
OTHER LOCATIONS THAN SULPHUR SPRINGS.
THE spring of 1851 witnessed the arrival of various
families and parties to settle in the vicinity of
Sulphur Springs. Some of them, in fact, had already
reached Dry Cheek in the late autumn of the preced-
ing year. But these new arrivals did not join the lit-
tle colony in the fort ; they remained outside wher-
ever a water supply suitable for domestic use could
be found.
PETER SHIRTS.
In the fall of 1850, Peter Shirts had found a spring-
east of the fort, near the lake, and spent the winter
there.* Abraham Losee and his family, who arrived
some time later, selected a place a short distance
north of Shirts', and dug a well to procure water.
which was undoubtedly the first well in this region.
THE LOTT SETTLEMENT.
The spring of 1851' saw an increase to this little
group near the lake. The first arrival was a widow,
Mrs. Pamelia Lott, mother of Mrs. Losee. She was
soon followed by her son, John, her son-in-law, John
R. Murdock, and Orrace Murdock. who, with their
families, settled near the home of Shirts. This little
*This spring is directly south of Fifth West street, on land
now owned by Andrew B. Anderson.
30
HISTORY OF LEHI.
ri8si
group became known as the Lott Settlement, and was
increased soon afterwards by the arrival of Isaac
Losee and Ira J. Willes, the latter, however, re-
maining at Stink Weed Spring. In addition, other
families had stopped at various springs in the neigh-
borhood.
EVANSVILLE.
On February 15, 1851, there arrived on Dry
Creek a man who was destined to play the leading
part in the growth of the community for many years.
This man was David
Evans. He had pre-
viously been ordained a
bishop in Nauvoo by
Joseph Smith, and had
now been sent by Brig-
ham Young to preside
over the Saints of Dry
Creek. Bishop Evans
was a typical pioneer.
Possessing the same
rugged qualities which
distinguished his chief,
President Young, he
was eminently fitted to
direct the work of
founding a community.
Devoted to his Church.
honest, upright, but determined and aggressive, and
withal characterized by that rare gift of leadership
which, above everything else, was imperative for a
ABRAHAM LOSEE.
COMMUNITY BEGINNING.
31
pioneer commander, he knew how to direct the col-
onists to obtain the best results. In his dealings with
his fellows he was plain and outspoken, but always
just and fair. Altogeth-
er, Bishop Evans was
precisely the kind of
man needed to meet the
situation.
With his family, Ev-
ans made his home on
Dry Creek with some of
the people who had
moved up from Sulphur
Springs. His land was
a tract west of the creek
and just north of the
present City Park. This
place was called Evans-
ville in honor of the
bishop, and being on
higher ground, with
good water available by
digging wells, it soon became the favorite locality for
the home-seeker.
During the early spring months, all the families at
Sulphur Springs moved up to Evansville. Daniel
Cox again took up the land where he had first camped
on entering the valley. The Fotheringhams and
Karrens, with the families of Henry Royle and Ca-
nute Peterson, chose land on the creek a little south of
the others, their places being due west of the end of
Main Street as it is now. Most of the families who
MRS. PAMELIA LOTT
^a*iR^v ^
BISHOP DAVID EVANS.
Second Mayor of Lehi— 1854-1861.
1851]
COMMUNITY BEGINNING.
35
arrived in 1851 settled on the creek between these
two points, although some joined the Lott Settle-
ment in the field.
THE DRY CREEK WARD.
Shortly after the arrival of Bishop Evans, Apos-
tle George A. Smith visited the little colony and or-
ganized the Dry Creek
Ward of the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-
day Saints. David Evans
was appointed bishop,
with Charles Hopkins
and David Savage as
counselors and Jehial
McConnell as ward
clerk. This was the
first organization of any
kind to be effected, and
with it a coherency and
direction was given to
the growth of the set-
tlement impossible here-
tofore. IRA j. WILLES.
THE FIRST PLANTING.
In the spring of 1851, the first crops, consisting of
wheat, corn, potatoes, squash, and a few vegetables
were planted. The farm implements were both crude
and scarce. William Fotheringham relates that he
had the point, share, and land side of a plow, and be-
ing a ship carpenter by trade, and hence expert in the
34
HISTORY OF LEHI.
use of the foot adze, he made a mold board from a
gnarled piece of cottonwood, and with a log from the
same kind of wood for a beam, managed to do fairly
good plowing.
THE FIRST TROUBLE WITH THE INDIANS.
When the wheat was about six inches high, the
first trouble with the Indians occurred. The redmen
insisted on turning their ponies loose in the growing
fields, maintaining that
the grass and water
were theirs, while only
the land and wood be-
longed to the whites.
About this time three
Indians came up the
creek one day where the
Karren, Fotheringham,
Royle, and Peterson
families were living.
They appeared to be in
an ugly mood and, em-
boldened by the fact
that all the men were
away at work, they took
great delight in fright-
ening the women and
children. Finally Char-
lotte Fotheringham, an old Scotch lady, seized a
hatchet and, shaking it threateningly in the face of
one of the braves, she berated him right soundly in
her good old mother tongue. This so surprised and
JOHN FOTHERINGHAM.
CHARLOTTE FOTHERINGHAM.
1851]
COMMUNITY BEGINNING.
35
amused the Indians that they withdrew, after enter-
ing a rebuttal in the Ute language.
THE AMERICAN FORK DITCH.
As the water in Dry Creek could not be relied upon
to mature the crops, it was imperative that late irri-
gation water be pro-
cured. As the only sup-
ply available was the
stream in American
Fork Canyon, the pro-
digious undertaking of
digging a ditch seven
miles long from the
mouth of the canyon to
Lehi was begun under
the initiative and direc-
tion of Bishop Evans. .
Early in May, Charles
Hopkins and Henry Mc-
Connell were sent to
the mouth of the can-
yon to cut and haul logs
for the purpose of con-
structing a dam which
should divert part of the water into the proposed
ditch. The main company arrived the next day and
work was immediately begun. The ditch was made
about two feet wide in the bottom, and one rod was
considered a good day's work for a man. Tools were
scarce and of poor quality, while the sun-baked soil
was full of cobble stones and otherwise hard to dig.
PRESTON MOOREHEAD,
A Child at Sulphur Springs.
36
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1851
Under, such hardships, the men, poorly fed and
scantily clothed, would undoubtedly have abandoned
the enterprise, but for the influence of the bishop.
His good humor and witticisms never failed, and with
rare tact and diplomacy,
he kept the men from
brooding over their
troubles, and inspired
them with new hope
and courage.
Instead of taking the
ditch due west to the
creek as it is now, the
builders brought it
down Cedar Hollow and
across the bench before
it joined Dry Creek.
This mistake was recti-
fied the following year,
as it was impossible to
keep the ditch open on
account of the drifting
sand. By the latter part
of August, the water reached the farms and helped to
save part of the corn and potato crop.
A PECULIAR SITUATION.
As illustrative of the conditions existing at this
time, it is related that no paper could be found in the
settlement on which to keep records except a blank
book owned by John Fotheringham. Fotheringham
had been a master tailor in Europe, and this book
MRS. ANN MOOREHEAD THOMAS,
A Child at Sulphur Springs.
1351]
COMMUNITY BEGINNING.
37
had been used for entering orders for clothes. It was
partly full of notations, but as occasion demanded,
leaves were torn from it and supplied to the bishop.
THE FIRST BOAT WRECK.
The first boat wreck on. the lake in which Lehi peo-
ple figured, occurred in the latter part of May, 1851,
and is related by Wil-
liam Fotheringham.
"Canute Peterson and
myself, with, Simeon
Houd and Seth M.
Dodge of Salt Lake
City, went on a fishing
expedition to the mouth
of Provo River, and
succeeded in making a
good haul of trout and
suckers. We left Provo
in the evening, and ar-
rived at the mouth of
American Fork Creek
in the morning, where
we intended to make
another haul with the
seine, but a gale came up from the south and pre-
vented it, so we pulled for home. The lake became
very rough, and on being struck by a heavy wave,
the boat was completely capsized. Being a good
swimmer, I struck out for the shore, a quarter of a
mile distant, while two of the men clung to the boat,
and the third was washed ashore with the oars under
WILLIAM FOTHERINGHAM.
38
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1851
his breast. I now remember vividly the whole in-
cident; the sun was just rising over the Wasatch
Mountains as I was bat-
tling with the waves to
reach the shore, wonder-
ing if this was the last
time I would ever see it
come up. We all finally
reached shore and got
home safely, and the
next day recovered the
boat and seine. Through
a dream of his wife El-
mira, John R. Murdock
was prevailed upon not
to join us in this fishing
trip, and as he could not
swim, no doubt he
would have lost his life
in the wreck."
THE FIRST BOY.
The honor of being Lehi's first boy fell to the lot of
Henry Moroni Royle, who was born June 22, 1851.
At the time of his birth, his parents were living in a
little log house near Dry Creek, directly west of Main
Street. Moroni has grown up amid the hard times of
pioneer days, and has lived to see the place of his
birth become a prosperous city.
THE FIRST BLACKSMITH.
One of the greatest difficulties which beset the pio-
neers of Dry Creek was the lack of mechanical help,
H. M. ROYLE
1851]
COMMUNITY BEGINNING.
39
the nearest blacksmith being at Alpine, and that not
until 1851. However, in the autumn of that year, on
the invitation of Bishop Evans, Joseph J. Smith, a
skilled mechanic, came
to Dry Creek and set up
a blacksmith shop. It
was first situated in
Evansville, but after the
city was laid out, it was
moved and located on
the present north-east
corner of the intersec-
tion of Main and Fourth
West streets.
THE FIRST HARVEST.
Good crops of wheat
were raised this year,
but owing to the scar-
city of late irrigation
water, the other prod-
ucts were a partial failure
JOSEPH J. SMITH.
As all of the grain was
harvested with the cradle, except a small portion
which was cut with the sickle, considerable labor
was required to handle the crop, so the newcomers
of this year were exceptionally welcomed to aid in
this work. The threshing was done by beating the
grain out with a flail, or tramping it out with the cat-
tle, and winnowing it in the wind.
40
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1851
THE FIRST FLOUR MILL.
Towards the close of the year, a flour mill was built
at the mouth of American Fork Canyon by Lorenzo
H. Hatch, Abram Hatch, and Nathan Packer. It
was the first mill in the north end of the county, but
it was unfortunately destroyed by fire the following
year. However, on the
advice of Willard Rich-
ards, it was immediate-
ly rebuilt by its enter-
prising- owners, and for
many years it served
the people in grinding
their grain.
THE CLOSE OF 1851.
The year closed with
Bishop Evans' ward in
a very scattered condi-
tion. Over thirty fam-
ilies had arrived during
the year, and while most
of them had remained in
Evansville, several had
located on springs in the bottoms, the Lott Settle-
ment receiving the greater number of these.
Of the families who arrived this year the follow-
ing is the best list obtainable: Martin Bushman, Ira
J. Willes, Henry Kerns, Canute Peterson, Alexander
Loveridge, Ezekiel Hopkins, George Burgess, Or-
race Murdock, Joseph J. Smith, Thomas Green, Al-
ABRAM HATCH.
1851]
COMMUNITY BEGINNING.
41
fred Bell, Harrison Burgess, David Evans, Alonzo D.
Rhodes, Samuel Rogers, John S. Lott, Abram Hatch,
Lorenzo H. Hatch, Jeremiah Hatch, R. C. Goodson,
Mrs. Pamelia Lott, Joseph Skeens, Samuel Briggs,
Thomas Ashton, Samuel Wise, John R. Murdock,
Mrs. Sarah T. Coleman, Abraham Brown, Daniel Col-
lett, Preston Thomas, Isaac Losee, William Sidney-
Smith Willes.
MRS. ABIGAIL EVANS LOTT,
A Child at Sulphur Springs.
CHAPTER V.
The Birth of Political Life.
LEHI INCORPORATED.
A BODY of such thorough Americans as composed
the little settlement on Dry Creek could not long
remain without some form of civil administration. An
innate love of law and order — the priceless heritage
of their Pilgrim forefathers — soon compelled them
to take steps to form some kind of municipal gov-
ernment.
Accordingly, early in 1852, David Evans, on behalf
of the people of Dry Creek, presented a petition to the
Territorial Legislature, requesting that body to incor-
porate the little community;. This petition was
granted, and the city incorporated under the name of
Lehi. this Book of Mormon appellation being sug-
gested because the people had moved so frequently.
Lehi was the sixth city in the Territory of Utah to
be incorporated, Salt Lake City, Ogden, Provo,
Manti, and Parowan having preceded her in 1851.
The act of incorporation is deemed of sufficient inter-
est to be presented here in full:
An Act to Incorporate the City of Lehi.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative
Assembly of the Territory of Utah: That all that portion of the
country lying on Dry Creek, in Utah County, bounded as fol-
lows, to-wit: commencing at the Utah Lake direct south of the
1852] BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE. 43
south-east corner of the plat of Evansville, running direct to said
corner; from thence north three miles; from thence west to the
Jordan River; from thence up the river Jordan to the outlet of
the lake; from thence up the lake to the place of beginning, is
hereby incorporated into a city, which shall be called the "City of
Lehi," and the inhabitants thereof are hereby constituted a body
corporate and politic, by the name aforesaid; and shall have
perpetual succession, and may have and use a common seal,
which they may change and alter at pleasure.
Section 2. The inhabitants of said city, by the name and
style aforesaid, shall have power to sue and be sued; to plead
and be impleaded; defend and be defended; in all courts of law
and equity and in all actions whatsoever; to purchase, receive and
hold property, real and personal, in said city; to purchase, re-
ceive and hold real property beyond the city, for burying
grounds, or other public purposes, for the use of the inhabitants
of said city; to sell, lease, convey, or dispose of property, real
and personal, for .the benefit of said city; to improve and pro-
tect such property, and to do all other things in relation thereto
as natural persons.
Section 3. There shall be a City Council, to consist of a
Mayor, four Aldermen, and nine Councilors, who shall have the
qualifications of the electors of said city, and shall be chosen by
the qualified voters thereof, and shall hold their offices for two
years, and until their succesors shall be elected and qualified.
The City Council shall judge of the qualifications, elections, and
returns of their own members, and a majority of them shall
form a quorum to do business; but a smaller number may ad-
journ from day to day, and compel the attendance of absent
members, under such penalties as may be prescribed by ordin-
ance.
Section 4. The Mayor, Aldermen, and Councilors, before
entering upon the duties of their offices, shall take and subscribe
an oath or affirmation, that they will support the Constitution
of the United States, and the laws of this Territory, and that
they will well and truly perform all the duties of their offices,
to the best of their skill and abilities.
Section 5. On the first Monday of March next, and every
44 HISTORY OF LEHI.
[18S2
two years hereafter, on said day, an election shall be held for the
election of one Mayor, four Aldermen, and nine Councilors, and
at the first election under this act, three judges shall be chosen,
viva voce, by the electors present. The said judges shall choose
two clerks; and the judges and clerks, before entering upon
their duties, shall take and subscribe an oath or affirmation, such
as is now required by law to be taken by judges and clerks of
other elections; and at all subsequent elections, the necessary
number of judges and clerks by the City Council. At the first
election so held, the polls shall be opened at nine o'clock a. m.,
and closed at six o'clock p. m. At the close of the polls the
votes shall be counted, and a statement thereof proclaimed at
the front door of the house at which said election shall be held;
and the clerks shall leave with each person elected, or at his
usual place of residence, within five days after the election, a
written notice of his election, and each person so notified, shall
within ten days after the election, take the oath or affirmation
hereinbefore mentioned. A certificate of which oath shall be
recorded with the recorder, whose appointment is hereinafter
provided for, and by him preserved; and all subsequent elec-
tions shall be held, conducted, and the returns thereof made, as
may be provided for by ordinance of the City Council.
Section 6. All free white male inhabitants who are of the age
of twenty-one years, who are entitled to vote for Territorial of-
ficers, and who shall have been actual residents of said city sixty
days next preceding said election, shall be entitled to vote for
city officers.
Section 7. The City Council shall have authority to levy and
collect taxes for city purposes, upon all taxable property, real
and personal, within the limits of the city, not exceeding one-
half per cent per annum, upon the assessed value thereof; and
may enforce the payment of the same, in any manner to be pro-
vided by ordinance, not repugnant to the Constitution of the
United States or the laws of this Territory.
Section 8. The City Council shall have power to appoint a
Recorder, Treasurer, Assessor and Collector, Marshal, and Su-
pervisors of Streets. They shall also have the power to appoint
all such other officers by ordinance, as may be necessary; de-
1852] BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE. 45
fine the duties of all city officers, and remove them from office
at pleasure.
Section 9. The City Council shall have power to require of
all officers, appointed in pursuance of this act, bonds with pen-
alty and security, for the faithful performance of their respective
duties, such as may be deemed expedient, and also to requir- all
officers appointed as aforesaid, to take an oath for the faithful
performance of the duties of their respective offices.
Section 10. The City Council shall have power and authority
to make, ordain, establish, and execute all such ordinances, not
repugnant to the Constitution of the United States, or the laws
of this Territory, as they may deem necessary for the peace,
benefit, good order, regulation, convenience and cleanliness of
said city, for the protection of property therein from destruc-
tion by fire or otherwise, and for the health and happiness
thereof. They shall have power to fill all vacancies that may
happen by death, resignation, or removal in any of the offices
herein made elective; to fix and establish all the fees of the offi-
cers of said corporation not herein established; to impose such
fines, not exceeding one hundred dollars for each offense, as they
might deem just, for refusing to accept of any office, in, or
under the corporation, or for misconduct therein; to divide the
city into wards, and specify the boundaries thereof, and create
additional wards; to add to the number of Aldermen and Coun-
cilors, and apportion them among the several wards, as may be
just and most conducive to the interest of the city.
Section 11. To establish, support, and regulate common
schools; to borrow money on the credit of the city: Provided,
that no sum or sums of money be borrowed on a greater interest
than six per cent per annum; nor shall the interest on the aggre-
gate of all the sums borrowed, and outstanding, ever exceed one-
half of the city revenue, arising from taxes assessed on real
estate, within this corporation.
Section 12. To make regulations to prevent the introduction
of contagious diseases into the city; to make quarantine laws for
that purpose, and enforce the same.
Section 13. To appropriate and provide for the payment of
the expenses and debts of the city.
46 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i852
Section 14. To establish hospitals, and make regulations for
the government of the same; to make regulations to secure the
general health of the inhabitants; to declare what shall be nuis-
ances, and to prevent and remove the same.
Section 15. To provide the city with water; to dig wells, lay
pump logs and pipes, and erect pumps in the streets for the ex-
tinguishment of fires, and convenience of the inhabitants.
Section 16. To open, alter, widen, extend, establish, grade,
pave, or otherwise improve and keep in repair streets, avenues,
lanes and alleys; and to establish, erect, and keep in repair
aqueducts and bridges.
Section 17. To provide for the lighting of the streets, and
erecting lamp posts, and establish, support, and regulate night
watches; to erect market houses; establish markets and market
places, and to provide for the government and regulation thereof.
Section 18. To provide for erecting all needful buildings for
the use of the city, and for enclosing, improving, and regulating
all public grounds belonging to the city.
Section 19. To license, tax, and regulate auctioneers, mer-
chants, and retailers, grocers and taverns, ordinaries, hawkers,
peddlers, brokers, pawn brokers, and money changers.
Section 20. To license, tax, and regulate hacking, carriages,
wagons, carts, and drays; and fix the rate to be charged for the
carriage of persons, and for wagonage, cartage, and drayage of
property, as also to license and regulate porters, and fix the rate
**)f porterage.
Section 21. To license, tax, and regulate theatricals, and
other exhibitions, shows, and amusements.
Section 22. To tax, restrain, prohibit, and suppress, tippling
houses, dram shops, gambling houses, bawdy and other disor-
derly houses.
Section 23. To provide for the prevention and extinguish-
ment of fires; to regulate the fixing of chimneys, and the flues
thereof, and stove pipes, and to organize and establish fire
companies.
Section 24. To regulate the storage of gunpowder, tar, pitch,
rosin, and other combustible materials.
i852] BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE. 47
Section 25. To regulate and order parapet walls and other
partition fences.
Section 2d. To establish standard weights and measures, and
regulate the weights and measures to be used in the city, in all
other cases not provided for by law.
Section 27. To provide for the inspection and measuring of
lumber, and other building materials; and for the measure-
ment of all kinds of mechanical work.
Section 28. To provide for the inspection and weighing of
hay, lime, and stone coal, and measuring of charcoal, fire wood,
and other fuel to be sold or used within the city.
Section 29. To provide for and regulate the inspection of
tobacco, and of beef, pork, flour, meal; also beer, and whiskey,
brandy, and other spirituous or fermented liquors.
Section 30. To regulate the weight, quality, and price of
bread, sold and used in the city.
Section 31. To provide for taking the enumeration of the
inhabitants of the city.
Section 32. To fix the compensation of all city officers, and
regulate the fees of jurors, witnesses, and others, for services
rendered, under this or any city ordinance.
Section 33. The City Council shall have exclusive power
within the city by ordinance, to license, regulate, suppress, or
restrain billiard tables, and from one to twenty pin-alleys, and
every other description of gaming or gambling.
Section 34. The City Council shall have exclusive power
within the city by ordinance, to license, regulate, or restrain the
keeping of ferries, and toll bridges; to regulate the police of
the city; to impose fines, forfeitures, and penalties, for the
breach of any ordinance; and provide for the recovery of such
fines and forfeitures, and the enforcement of such penalties, and
to pass such ordinances as may be necessary and proper for
carrying into effect and execution the powers specified in this
act; provided such ordinances are not repugnant to the Con-
stitution of the United States or any of the laws of this Ter-
ritory.
Section 35. All ordinances passed by the City Council shall
within one month after they have been passed be published in
48 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i852
some newspaper printed in said city, or certified copies thereof
be posted up in three of the most public places in the city.
Section 36. All ordinances of the city may be proven by
the seal of the corporation; and when printed or published in
book or pamphlet form, purporting to be printed or published by
the authority of the corporation, the same shall be received in
evidence in all courts or places, without further proof.
Section 37. The Mayor and Aldermen shall be conservators
of the peace within the limits of the city, and shall have all the
powers of Justice of the Peace therein, both in civil and criminal
cases arising under the laws of the Territory. They shall, as
Justices of the Peace, within the limits of said city, perform
the same duties; be governed by the same laws; give the same
bonds and securities as other Justices of the Peace, and be com-
missioned as other Justices of the Peace, in and for said city,
by the Governor.
Section 38. The Mayor and the Aldermen shall have ex-
clusive jurisdiction in all cases arising under the ordinances of
the corporation, and shall issue each process as may be nec-
essary to carry said ordinances into execution and effect. Ap-
peals may be had from any decision or judgment of said Mayor
or Aldermen, arising under the ordinances of said city to the
Municipal Court, under such regulations as may be prescribed
by ordinance, which court shall be composed of the Mayor as
Chief Justice, and the Aldermen as Associate Justices; and from
the final judgment of the Municipal Court, to the Probate Court
of Utah County, in the same manner as appeals are taken from
Justice of the Peace; Provided, the parties litigant shall have a
right to a trial by jury of twelve men, in all cases before the
Municipal Court. The Municipal Court shall have power to
grant writs of Habeas Corpus, and try the same in all cases
arising under the ordinances of the City Council.
Section 39. The Municipal Court may sit on the first Monday
of every month, and the City Council, at such times and places
as may at any time be called by the Mayor or any two Alder-
men.
Section 40. All processes issued by the Mayor, Aldermen, or
Municipal Court, shall be directed to the Marshal, and in the
1852] BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE. 49
execution thereof, he shall be governed by the same laws as are,
or may be prescribed for the direction and compensation of Con-
stables in similar cases. The Marshal shall also perform such
other duties as may be required of him under the ordinances
of said city, and shall be the principal ministerial officer.
Section 41. It shall be the duty of the Recorder to make
and keep accurate records of all ordinances made by the City
Council, and of all their proceedings in their corporate capac-
ity, which record shall at all times be open to the inspection
of the electors of said city, and shall perform all other duties
as may be required of him by the ordinances of the City Council,
and shall serve as clerk of the Municipal Court.
Section 42. When it shall be necessary to take private prop-
erty for opening, widening, or altering any public street, lane,
avenue, or alley, the corporation shall make a just compensa-
tion therefor, to the person whose property is so taken; and if
the amount of such compensation cannot be agreed upon, the
Mayor shall cause the same to be ascertained by a jury of six
disinterested men, who shall be inhabitants of the city.
Section 43. All jurors empaneled to enquire into the amount
of benefit or damages that shall happen to the owners of prop-
erty so proposed to be taken, shall first be sworn to that effect,
and shall return to the Mayor their inquest' in writing, signed
by each juror.
Section 44. In case the Mayor shall, at any time, be guilty
of a palpable omission of duty, or shall wilfully and corruptly
be guilty of oppression, malconduct, or partiality, in the dis-
charge of the duties of his office, he shall be liable to indictment
in the Probate Court of Utah county; and on conviction, he shall
be liable to fine and imprisonment; and the court shall have
power on the recommendation of the jury to add to the judgment
of the court, that he be removed from office.
Section 45. The City Council shall have power to provide
for the punishment of offenders and vagrants, by imprisonment
in the county or city jail, or by compelling them to labor upon
the streets, or public works, until the same shall'be fully paid;
in all cases where such offenders shall fail or refuse to pay the
fines and forfeitures which may be recovered against them.
50 HISTORY OF LEHI,
[1852
Section 46. The inhabitants of Lehi City shall, from and
after the next ensuing two years from the first Monday of April
next, be exempt from working on any road or roads beyond the
limits of said city. But all taxes devoted to road purposes shall,
from and after said, term of two years, be collected and expended
by, and under the direction of the supervisor of streets, within
the limits of said city.
Section 47. The Mayor, Aldermen, and Councilors of said
city shall, in the first instance, be appointed by the Governor
and Legislature of said Territory of Utah, and .shall hold their
office until superseded by the first election.
Section 48. This act is hereby declared to be a public act, and
shall be in force from and after its passage.
Approved February 5, 1852.
IRRIGATION WATER GRANT.
Another important act of the Territorial Legisla-
ture was passed at this time, granting to the people
of Lehi one-third of the waters of American Fork
Creek. While the legislature does not now presume
to act in such matters, it is evident that the passage
of this act helped to secure permanently to Lehi this
share of the water. The act follows :
"An act in relation to the waters of American Creek in Utah
County.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative
Assembly of the Territory of Utah: That the inhabitants of the
settlement of Dry Creek in Utah County are hereby authorized
and allowed to take out, at some convenient point, the waters of
American Creek, and use the same for their benefit: Provided
that no more than one-third part of said waters shall be so
taken for the use of said settlement on Dry Creek.
Approved February 18, 1852."
LEHI'S FIRST LEGISLATOR.
Active in securing the passage of these acts was
David Evans, who had been elected from Utah
BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE.
51
County to serve in the first Territorial Legislature.
He has the honor, therefore, of being the first of the
long line of men who have ably served Lehi in the leg-
islative councils of the Commonwealth.
CHANGES IN THE BISHOPRIC.
In the spring of 1852, Jehial McConnell and Lor-
enzo H. Hatch were selected and set apart as First
and Second Counselors
to Bishop Evans, as
Charles Hopkins and
David Savage were re-
leased to occupy other
positions in the church.
SUGAR BEETS.
John Taylor, in the
spring of 1852, had im-
ported from France and
brought across the
plains by ox team, a
quantity of sugar beet
seed, and Bishop Evans
with others had been
able to secure a small
part of this. The beets
they planted matured successfully, but were used for
making molasses rather than sugar. In this was pres-
aged an industry which was destined to become the
most important factor of Lehi's commercial develop-
ment— the sugar industry.
ORRACE MURDOCK.
52
HISTORY OF LEHI.
11852
CLOSE OF 1852.
During the year large a
the cultivated lands, and a
around the Big Field. The
MARTIN BUSHMAN.
B rough, Abel Evans, ^'illi
dditions had been made to
fence had been constructed
ditch from American Fork
Canyon had also been
changed to avoid the
shifting sands of Cedar
Hollow. The close of
the year found the peo-
ple in the same scat-
tered condition as at the
beginning, no attempt
having been made to
lay out a city. The fol-
lowing are some of the
families who arrived in
1852: William Hudson,
Daniel S. Thomas, John
Zimmerman, Philip
Ol instead, Samuel Har-
wood, Samuel T. Smith,
John Jacobs, George
am Goates.
ALTERATION OF TIME OF FIRST ELECTION.
According to Section 5 of the act of incorporation,
the first municipal election should have been held on
the first Monday in March, 1852, and in Section 47,
the Governor and Legislature were empowered to
appoint, in the first instance, the mayor, aldermen,
and councilors, who were to hold office until the first
1852] BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE. 53
election. For some reason, however, neither the offi-
cers were appointed nor the election held. To rem-
edy this condition of affairs, the Legislature, the next
January, passed the following brief and liberal act :
An. act altering the time of holding the first election for city
officers in Lehi, Fillmore and Cedar Cities.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative
Assembly of the Territory of Utah: That the inhabitants of
Lehi, Fillmore, and Cedar Cities are hereby authorized and em-
powered to hold their first election for city officers at any time
during the present year that to them shall be the most conveni-
ent; and who shall hold their offices until superseded by due
course of law.
Approved January 17, 1853.
THE FIRST MUNICIPAL ELECTION'.
Twelve days after the passage of this act, on Jan-
uarty 29, the first municipal election was held. As
compared with the election campaigns and activities
of modern times, it was an extremely quiet affair. On
account of the interest attached in the first of such
events, the complete account of this election, as con-
tained in an old record of the City Council, is given
below.
"The inhabitants of the town of Evansville met at
the school house in the said town for the purpose of
organizing and electing the City Council of the City
of Lehi, on the 29th day of January, 1853.
"Business commenced by appointing David Evans,
Charles Hopkins, and Claiborne Thomas to a£t as
judges of election, and Jehial McConnell and Tohn
Spires to act as clerks.
SILAS P. BARNES.
First Mayor of Lehi— 1853-1854.
1853] BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE. 55
"Voted unanimously that Silas P. Barnes* be
Mayor of said city, also that David Evans, David
Savage, Charles Hopkins, and Abraham Losee be Al-
dermen ; William S. S. Willes, Harrison Burgess,
Daniel Collett, Israel Evans, Samuel W. White, Eze-
kiel Hopkins, Lorenzo H. Hatch, Thomas Green, and
Richard C. Gibbons be Councilors for the City of
Lehi.
"The above named gentlemen were then sworn
into office by Charles Hopkins, Esquire."
On December 13, 1853, the City Council rilled the
following vacancies, caused by the removal of several
officers from the city: Thomas Taylor to succeed
John Spires as Recorder; Elisha H. Davis and Har-
rison Burgess to fill the offices of Aldermen vacated
by David Savage and Charles Hopkins ; John R. Mur-
dock and Daniel Thomas to succeed Samuel D.
White and Thomas Green as Councilors.
On account of the necessity of making laws to
define the duties of the appointive officers, the City
Council was not able immediately to fill all such of-
fices. But finally, on December 16, 1853, the follow-
ing were installed: Water Master, Daniel Collett;
two Policemen for each of the four sides of the fort
as follows : south side, Alonzo D. Rhodes and Daniel
Cox; east side, John Zimmerman and Richard C.
Gibbons ; north side, Abel Evans and Prime Cole-
*Silas P. Barnes was from Boston, a man of education, cul-
ture and refinement. Possessing considerable means, he was able
to render valuable assistance to his friends. He found the fron-
tier life of Lehi not to his liking, so remained only a few years
and moved to California.
56
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1853
man; west side, Preston Thomas and David Clark.*
On the 3rd of January, 1854, Ezekiel Hopkins was
appointed Assessor and Collector, and Daniel Cox,
Treasurer. The next day, Sylvanus Collett and
Alonzo D. Rhodes qual-
ified as Constable and
Marshal, respectively.
On the tenth of the
same month, Orrace
Murdock was appointed
Policeman in the place
of Alonzo D. Rhodes,
promoted, and on the
31st, John Zimmerman
was selected as Road
Supervisor, and Rich-
ard C. Gibbons as Cap-
tain of Police. In addi-
tion to these a City Sur-
veyor was designated,
but his name does not
appear.
The standing committees of the City Council were
Municipal Law, Revision, Ways and Means, Roads
and Bridges, and Improvements and Public Library.
MINUTES OF THE CITY COUNCIL.
To illustrate the formal and dignified manner in
which these pioneer statesmen transacted their par-
liamentary business, the minutes of two sessions of
the first City Council are given in full:
THOMAS TAYLOR.
:See Chap. VI— Fort wall.
1853]
BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE.
57
Wednesday evening, December 28, 1853,
Council met pursuant to adjournment at the usual place,
(the log school house). Alderman Evans took the chair and
called the meeting to order. Roll called, a quorum present.
Prayer by Councilor Murdock. Minutes of last meeting read and
accepted.
No petitions.
An ordinance was presented by the committee on Municipal
Law entitled: An ordinance in relation to fires. Was received,
when it was moved, seconded, and carried, that it lay on the
table to come up in its order.
An ordinance was presented entitled: An ordinance respect-
ing firearm and powder plots. Moved, seconded, and carried,
that the ordinance be re-
ceived and lay on the table
to come up in its regular
order.
Moved, seconded, and car-
ried, that the officers elected
to fill the vacancies of the
council, be legally sworn and
give bonds before proceeding
to any further business.
Moved, seconded, and car-
ried, that a committee of
three be appointed, to visit
the Marshal, John R. Mur-
dock, Assessor and Collec-
tor Abram Hatch, and Con-
stable John S. Lott, and
know whether they will act
in their respective offices or
not.
William S. S. Willes, Jo-
seph Skeens, and Ezekiel
Hopkins were appointed said committee.
Ezekiel Hopkins was appointed a committee to draft an ordin
ance creating a Treasurer.
JOHN S. LOTT.
58
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1853
On motion the council adjourned to Tuesday evening, Jan-
uary 3, 1854.
Dismissed with prayer by Councilor Thomas.
Tuesday evening, January 3, 1854.
Council met pursuant to adjournment at the school house of
the City of Lehi. Roll called, a quorum present. Prayer by
Lorenzo H. Hatch. Minutes
of last meeting read and, on
motion, accepted.
The committee to visit
certain officers reported:
John R. Murdock not willing
to serve as Marshal, that
Abram Hatch would report
himself, and that John S.
Lott was willing to serve as
Constable for the City of
Lehi. On motion, the report
was received.
Abram Hatch, being pres-
ent, was called to know if he
would act as Assessor and
Collector. Stated that if he
could receive pay for his ser-
vices, he was willing. The
council informed him they
could promise him such pay
as they got. This not being
satisfactory, he refused to act.
On motion, Ezekiel Hopkins was appointed Assessor and
Collector for the City of Lehi.
An ordinance was presented entitled: An ordinance creating a
Treasurer. On motion, was received and, after its first reading,
the ordinance, on motion, passed entire.
On motion, Daniel Cox was elected Treasurer.
Councilor Hopkins now came forward and gave bonds and
was sworn into office by Thomas Taylor, Recorder.
John S. Lott then, gave bonds, and the Recorder administered
ALONZO 1). RHODES.
1853] BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE. 59
to him the oath of office. On motion, the council adjourned to
Friday evening, January 6, 1854.
Benediction by Murdock.
The following minutes of the second council might
also prove interesting:
Saturday, May 27, 1854, 4 o'clock p. m.
Council met pursuant to adjournment at the school house of
the City of Lehi.
The Mayor (David Evans) took the chair and called the
meeting to order. Roll called, a quorum present. Prayer by
Alderman Thomas. Minutes of a special meeting held May 15
read and accepted. Minutes of a meeting held May 12 read
and accepted.
Mr. John Murdock presented a resignation of his office as Al-
derman to the council. On motion of Councilor Skeen, the res-
ignation was accepted.
A petition was presented by Alderman Thomas from Martin
Bushman and others, praying the council to take into consider-
ation the pay for cleaning out water ditches, etc. On motion of
Alderman Bell, the petition was received. After considerable
discussion, on motion, the petition was thrown under the table.
POST OFFICE.
Early in 1853, Lehi was placed in communication
with the outside world by the establishment of a
post office with David Evans as postmaster. He fitted
up a small room in his house for an office, the sole
equipment being a green painted box divided into al-
phabetically arranged pigeon holes.*
Before the trans-continental railroad reached Utah,
the mail was handled by means of overland stage or
*His successors have been James Harwood, 1882-1893; Prime
Evans, 1893-1897; Stephen W. Ross, 1897-1913; and Joseph An-
derson, the present incumbent.
60
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1853
the "Pony Express." It often happened that months
would elapse, especially during the winter season, be-
tween the arrivals of the mails. But the people were
well satisfied even with this imperfect service.
SECOND CHANGE IN THE BISHOPRIC.
On account of the removal of Jehial McConnell,
First Counselor in the Bishopric, to southern Utah,
another change was
made in the bishop's
aids, early in 1853. Lor-
enzo H. Hatch was se-
lected as First Coun-
selor, and Abel Evans
as Second Counselor to
Bishop Evans.
JORDAN BRIDGE.
The first bridge to
span the Jordan River
near Lehi was built this
spring under the super-
vision of Thomas Ash-
ton. It was the result
of a commercial enter-
prise, a stock company
having been organized
for the purpose. For this company, Charles Hopkins
obtained a charter from the Legislative Assembly,
which empowered the holders both to construct the
bridge and to collect toll for crossing it. The act fol-
lows :
DANIEL S. THOMAS.
1853]
BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE.
61
An act granting unto Charles Hopkins and others the right
to build a bridge across the river Jordan.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative
Assembly of the Territory of Utah: That Charles Hopkins,
Ezekiel Hopkins, and Alonzo D. Rhodes, citizens of Lehi City,
Utah County, are hereby authorized and empowered to form a
company for the purpose of building a toll bridge across the
Jordan River at any point within ten miles north of Utah Lake,
that the city may determine.
Section 2. The within named Charles Hopkins, and Alonzo
D. Rhodes, are hereby authorized to take, and sell stock at $25.00
PRESENT BRIDGE ON SITE OF OLD JORDAN BRIDGE.
each share, until a sufficient amount of stock shall have been
taken to defray the cost of building said bridge.
Section 3. There shall be a committee of three chosen from
among, and by the stockholders, whose duty it shall be to keep
an accurate account of all expenditures, also to superintend the
building, and to do such other business for the company as the
62
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1853
majority of the stockholders may deem expedient tor the gen-
eral good.
Section 4. Every stockholder shall be entitled to one vote
for each share he may have taken.
Section 5. The bridge shall be built to the acceptance of
the Territorial Commissioner.
Section 6. The City Council of Lehi City are hereby au-
thorized to regulate the rates of toll for crossing said bridge.
Section 7. The company thus formed may have the right
to hold claim on the bridge, until they have realized one hun-
dred per cent over and above all expenditures; after which said
bridge shall be turned over to the Territorial Commissioner in
good repair, as the property of the Territory.
Approved, January 21, 1853."
From the first, the bridge
able success and rewarded
WILLIAM GOATES.
proved to be a reason-
the promoters with a
substantial rate of in-
terest on their invest-
ment.
George Zimmerman
was among the first toll
keepers for the bridge
company. For several
years also, a man named
Jenkins, and later Wil-
liam Ball and his family,
lived at the bridge and
collected the fees due
for crossing. The last
collector was Joseph J.
H. Colledge, who re-
sided at the bridge for
many years.
1853] BIRTH OF POLITICAL LIFE. 63
FIRST CITY ORDINANCE.
As provided in the charter, the regulation of tolls
for this bridge was to be under the direction of the
City Council, and their first ordinance had to deal with
this matter. It is given in full below :
An ordinance defining the amount of toll on Lehi Jordan
Bridge.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the City Council of the City of
Lehi, that the toll of the above named bridge shall be as follows:
For crossing a vehicle of any kind drawn by two animals. . .20c
Or six tickets for $1.00
For each and every vehicle drawn by one animal 15c
For each animal and rider or each pack animal 10c
For loose horses, mules, jacks, jinnies, and cattle, each 5c
For sheep and hogs lc
For each .foot passenger 5c
Section 2. Be it further ordained that any person crossing
the above named bridge on a single animal faster than a walk,
shall pay a fine of five dollars.
Any person driving a loose team faster than a walk, shall
pay a fine of ten dollars.
Also, any person driving a team and wagon faster than a
walk, shall pay a fine of fifteen dollars.
Section 3. This ordinance shall be in full force from and
after its passage.
Passed July 8, 1853.
FIRST SCHOOL ELECTION.
On February 17, 1854, the City ' Council- passed
an ordinance creating a school district which
provided that the district should extend to the
lines of the municipal corporation; that three trus-
tees were to be elected, who should proceed forth-
with to assess and collect taxes with which to build
a suitable school house; that the trustees should
64
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1853
appoint a clerk to keep a record of their proceedings;
and that for the faithful performance of their duties
they were compelled to furnish a bond in the sum of
one thousand dollars each to the City Council.
The council ordered the election to be held on the
twentieth of the month,
the polls to open from
12 noon to 1 p. m.,
and appointed Silas P.
Barnes, Preston Thomas
and Ira J. Willes, judges
of election, with Thomas
Taylor as clerk. The
result of the election
showed that Preston
Thomas, Daniel Collett,
and William Burgess
had been selected as
Lehi's first school board.
Thus did the innate
tendency of the pioneers
towards political organ-
ization find expression.
In a remarkably short time after the founding of the
community, a stable municipal government with all
its departments and offices had been set up and was
running smoothly. Truly such a record speaks well
for the love of law and order these people possessed.
***
SYLYANUS COLLETT.
CHAPTER VI.
Troubles with the Indians.
1853-1856.
NOTWITHSTANDING the extremely wise and
humane policy of the pioneers of Utah in dealing
with the Indians, it was inevitable that trouble should
eventually arise. The situation was new for both ; the
white men, from their previous life in the East and
Middle West, were comparatively lacking in knowl-
edge of the character and habits of the red men; while
the savages were none too trustful of the intentions of
the pale faces, and certain turbulent spirits among
them openly showed their hostility. It needed but an
overt act, even though unintentional, to kindle the
flame.
THE WALKER WAR.
The opportunity finally presented itself through the
killing of an Indian in Springville in 1853. One Chief
Walkarah immediately incited the neighboring In-
dians into hostilities, and from these the warlike spirit
spread generally among the Indians in the southern
part of the Territory. Attacks were made on the set-
tlers and numerous depredations were committed be-
fore the uprising was quelled. This trouble was called
the Walker War, an incorrect English rendition of the
name of the Indian leader.
To protect the settlers, their militia was called to
arms, and on July 25, Colonel George A. Smith was
placed in command of that part operating south of
Salt Lake City. At once he directed the inhabitants
66
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1853
of the settlements, as the first means of defense, to
gather in forts and barricades.
The question of the location of the proposed fort in
Lehi immediately arose. At this time the people
were scattered from the
present State Road to
the lake, although the
majority lived in Evans-
ville. Different locali-
ties were agitated as be-
ing the most desirable,
but the choice finally
dwindled to two sites —
one the present Xew
Survey, (the north-west
part of modern Lehi).
the other, the site upon
which the city was
eventually built. The
latter was selected be-
cause no one had al-
ready constructed homes
there, thus avoiding ri-
valry and unpleasantness, and also because the surface
well water was considered more desirable.
THE SECOND FORT.
The plan of construction for the fort was not a com-
plex one. It consisted merely of placing the log
houses of the settlers end to end, thus forming a
hollow square seventy rods long. Inside the en-
closure were to be built the corrals, stackyards and
stables. As the crops were harvested this fall, they
ALEXANDER LOVERIDGE,
A Pioneer of 1851.
1853]
TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS.
67
were brought to this
place, and later the
houses were moved into
line. This was not ac-
complished without re-
luctance, especially on
the part of those who
had most recently erect-
ed their homes. But the
need of defense was so
urgent and the labor of
moving a log house so
comparatively small that
eventually everyone was
found in the fort. This
centralization with its
resulting close associa-
tions did much to de-
velop and cement the union of community life, fur-
nishing, through the stress of adverse circumstances,
an excellent opportunity for the expression of that
high regard of civic life which so markedly character-
ized the people of Utah.*
The log school house was torn down and rebuilt
near the northeast corner of the fort, which would be
approximately where the Mountain States Telephone
office now stands. This" move also resulted in the
erection of an adobe tithing office of two stories and
*The north line of this second fort was three rods north of
Main Street; the west line three rods west of Third West Street;
the south line midway between Second and Third South Streets;
and the east line midway between Center and First West Streets.
The following are the names of some of the families who
lived in the fort:
JOHN BROWN,
A Pioneer of 1853.
68 HISTORY OF LEHI. ri853
a basement and surrounded with a mud wall. It was
quite the most pretentious structure thus far put to-
gether in Lehi and stood on the north-west corner of
Third "West and Main. The building was occasion-
ally used as the meeting place of the City Council and
other similar bodies, while for many years the base-
ment served as a jail.
As an additional safeguard against the Indians, a
parapet was erected a short distance north of the fort
near the State Road. Bishop David Evans and *Abel
Evans directed the work. The parapet consisted of a
trench eight feet wide and five feet deep, enclosing a
piece of ground eleven rods square. The excavated
earth formed a formidable breastwork. In especially
dangerous times, a guard maintained a lookout on
the parapet and warned the people in the fort of any
approaches of the enemy. This outpost stood im-
mediately north of the present Central School House.
East side — George Zimmerman, John Zimmerman. John
Spires, Tunis Rappley, Martin Bushman, John Brown", William
Goates.
North side — Thomas Ashton, Alfred Bell, William Hudson,
William Sharp, William Dobson, Abel Evans, Daniel Collett,
William Burgess, Philip Olmstead, Prime Coleman, George
Coleman, William Coleman, David Evans, Israel Evans, Joel W.
White, Jehial McConnell, Henry Norton, John W. Norton, J.
Wiley Norton, Riley Judd, David Norton.
West' side — John Mercer, Abraham Brown, Joseph J. Smith,
Preston Thomas, Canute Peterson, David Clark, Samuel T.
Smith, Samuel Briggs, William Goates, Charles Partridge, Luke
Titcomb, William Snow, Samuel James, Samuel Harwood, Daniel
S. Thomas, John Andreason, Daniel Cox, Oley Ellingson.
South side — Orrace Murdock, John- Murdock Sen., John R.
Murdock, Abram Hatch, Mrs. Pamelia Lott, John S. Lott, Ira
J. Willes, W. S. S. Willes, Abraham Losee. Mrs. Lydia Losee,
Joseph Skeens, Thomas Karren, Alonzo D. Rhodes, John Winn,
Silas P. Barnes, Tunis Rappley.
1853]
TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS.
6(^
MILITARY ORGANIZATION.
Very early in the history of Utah, a territorial mili-
tia, known as the Nauvoo Legion, was organized with
military districts in each
county and branches in
each settlement. The
captain of the Lehi di-
vision was Wiliam Sid-
ney Smith Willes, famil-
iarly known as Sidney
Willes, a man noted for
his courage and far-
sightedness, and a for-
mer member of fcheMor-
mon Battalion. During
the turbulent years of
Lehi's . founding, Cap-
tain Willes led his little
company on more than capt. william s. s. willes.
one dangerous and difficult expedition.
INDIAN EXPEDITIONS.
Soon after the outbreak of the Walker War, Cap-
tain Willes with thirty men was detailed to Salt
Creek, (now Nephi) to assist the people there. They
served only ten days before returning home. Later an
expedition left Lehi with Millard County as the objec-
tive point and of this, James Harwood, a member of
the company, gives the following interesting account :
"Captain Sidney Willes was ordered to take his
company and proceed to Fillmore, the capital of the
Territory. W'illiam Wadsworth, Abram Hatch,
Sylvanus Collett, William Bell, George Coleman,
70
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1853
John Hackett, and myself, with others from American
Fork and Pleasant Grove, made up the company.
"It was quite an undertaking at that time to find
horses and saddles, as but few of these were used,
oxen being the principal beasts of burden. By the
first of August, we were
on the way and succeed-
ed in getting through
without any attacks from
the Indians. A company
from Salt Lake City, who
were a few days' march
ahead of us, were at-
tacked at Willow Springs
and several of their num-
ber killed. When we ar-
rived in Fillmore, we
acted as guards for the
settlement and stock
while the people gath-
ered their crops and
placed themselves in a
position of defense.
Shortly afterwards, we received orders to gather up
all the surplus cattle and bring them to Salt Lake City
for safety. When we started on our trip, we took with
us a cannon, John Hackett and myself having it in
charge. We had no occasion to use it, but I think
it had a salutary effect upon the minds of the red men.
They said they did not mind being fired upon with
guns, but they most seriously objected to being shot
at with wagons. The old cannon is now in the
museum in Salt Lake City. When we arrived in
TAMES HARWOOD.
1853] TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS. 71
Lehi, we could not find our houses, as they had been
moved to form a part of the fort which had been built
in our absence."
By exercising care and vigilance, the people of Lehi
were successful in protecting themselves and their
property from the Indians. The men were armed
wherever they went. As they worked in the fields,
they kept constantly on guard for ambushes, and the
same precaution was observed within the fort. Xo
one dared go alone into the mountains after wood or
stock. Herders took care of the cattle by day and
drove them into the stockade for the night. These
strict measures undoubtedly saved the settlers in Lehi
much trouble and loss; because, as compared with
some of their neighbors, they were singularly free
from the depredations of the red men.
The close of 1853 saw the cessation of hostilities
around Lehi, but in the southern part of the Territory
the so-called war lasted until the spring of 1854. By
this time, about five hundred people had made their
homes in Lehi.
A FORT WALL PLANNED.
As a precautionary measure for possible future out-
breaks of the Indians, the City Council decided to
build an eight foot adobe wall with a rock foundation
around the present fort. To construct this, the fol-
lowing committee was appointed, February 17. 1854:
David Evans, Preston Thomas, William Burgess,
Sen., Harrison Burgess, and Lorenzo H. Hatch. The
plans for this wall were never carried out, but they
undoubtedly opened the way for the construction of
a much larger one the following summer.
5 «
.. DO tOMAIIiSlL , . JM 1
%
On iTcijtinnii'.ij ll'hcvcijf. '
■
■
mm* ,
Commission of David Evans as Major of the Nauvoo Legion — the
Utah Militia.
1854]
TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS.
73
SECOND MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
Because of the delay in the first municipal election,
the officials then selected acted only for thirteen
months, when on March 6, 1854, the second election
was held. But one ticket
was in the field and no
opposition to it was
shown. Alfred Bell,
Stephen H. Pierce, and
Daniel Cox acted as
judges of election with
Thomas Taylor as clerk.
The choice of the voters
was as follows: Mayor,
David Evans; Alder-
men, John R. Murdock,
Preston Thomas, Wil-
liam Burgess and Alfred
Bell ; Councilors, Abra-
ham Losee, Daniel Col-
lett, Lorenzo H. Hatch,
Ezekiel Hopkins, Joseph
Skeens, Abel Evans, Thomas Ashton, Daniel Cox and
Richard Gibbons. Later it was discovered that Abra-
ham Losee had not become a citizen of the United
States, so his seat was denied him. William S. S.
Willes received an appointment to act in his place.
The newly elected City Council appointed the follow-
ing officials: Recorder, Thomas Taylor; Marshal,
Alonzo .D. Rhodes ; Constables, Sylvanus Collett and
John S. Lott ; Captain of Police, Orrace C. Murdock;
Policemen, John Zimmerman, Prime Coleman, Wil-
THOMAS ASHTON.
74
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[18S4
liam Sharp, David Clark, James W. Taylor, Thomas
G. Winn, and Charles Galloway; Water Master,
Daniel Collett; Street Supervisor, John Zimmerman;
Field Committee, Daniel Collett, Joseph Skeens, and
William Burgess. As no treasurer was appointed, it
is probable that Daniel
Cox continued to act in
this office, unless, in-
deed, experience had
taught that the position
was entirely unneces-
sary. On May 27, 1854,
William S. S. Willes suc-
ceeded John R. Mur-
dock as Alderman, the
latter having resigned.
Abraham Losee, having
in the meantime sworn
allegiance to the United
States, filled the vacancy
in the council caused by
the promotion of Willes.
Later, Losee became an
Alderman to succeed Daniel S. Thomas, who re-
signed, and Stephen H. Pierce, in turn, replaced
Losee. Changes also occurred in the appointive
offices — Justin J. Merrill as Constable and George
Coleman as Policeman in place of John S. Lott and
Prime Coleman respectively, the two latter having
gone on misions. A later change was the promotion
of Daniel Collett, March 2. 1855, to the office of Alder-
man, in place of William Burgess, who had resigned.
HARRISON BURGESS.
1854] TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS. 75
The vacancy in the council was filled by Thomas
Karren. Still another vacancy in the council, caused
by the removal of Richard Gibbons to Salt Lake, was
filled June 7 , by the appointment of John S. Lott.
A PECULIAR OFFICE.
One of the legislative results of the second City
Council was the following ordinance :
An ordinance creating a deposit for lost property.
Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the City Council of the City of Lehi,
that there be a person appointed to take charge of lost property
that may be found within the limits of this City, and deliver the
same to the owner when called for or proven.
Sec. 2. Be it further ordained, that it shall be the duty of
every person or persons finding property within the limits of this
City, to deliver the same forthwith to the person appointed for
that purpose.
Sec. 3. Any person or persons not complying with the re-
quirements of this ordinance, shall be liable to a fine not exceed-
ing fifty dollars.
Sec. 4. This ordinance to be in effect from and after its pub-
lication.
Passed November 16, 1854. Published November 19, 1854.
Stephen H. Pierce was the first man to occupy this
position and hold the pretentious title of Superintend-
ent of Lost and Found. The office has long since
ceased to exist.*
BOARD OF EXAMINERS.
Another interesting ordinance of the second City
Council was one which created a "Board of Exam-
*The proceeds from the last sale were turned over to the
Perpetual Emigration Fund, a contributory fund maintained by
the Mormon Church to assist immigrants to Utah.
76 HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1854
iners," whose duties consisted in determining the fit-
ness of applicants for the position of school teacher.
One of the first examinations was a difficult problem
in long division, the recitation of the multiplication
table, the reading of a few paragraphs from the Bible,
and the writing of a few lines as a display of penman-
ship. The first members of this board were Alonzo
P. Raymond, John Butler, and William Vance.
THE FORT WALL.
In May, 1854, Brigham Young concluded a treaty
of peace with Chief Walker, and upon his return to
Salt Lake City was caught in a blinding snow-storm
on the west side of Utah Lake. Reaching Lehi on
the fourth of June, he decided, because of the in-
clemency of the weather, and also because he desired
to warn the people of possible future danger, to stop
in the little settlement and hold a meeting. The
advice he gave at this gathering was to proceed imme-
diately with the erection of a strong fort wall, an
undertaking in Lehi which had been contemplated
but as yet not begun. Governor Young, because of
his recent experience with the red men, was deeply
impressed with the necessity for caution, and so ex-
pressed himself. Heber C. Kimball, who accom-
panied the Governor, called attention to the fact that
the recent snow fall might be used to some present
advantage in dampening the earth to be used in the
construction of the wall.
Work was accordingly begun the next day. Bishop
David Evans, who was also Mayor at this time, di-
rected the surveying of the city, previous to the build-
1854]
TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS.
77
ing of the wall. The result of this work, which was
performed with a pocket compass and a carpenter's
ii.
m.
1
>.
1
}
THE PORT
T
The street at the extreme right of the fort is the present Center
Street; the street one block south of the north wall is the present Main
Street; the Meeting House stood in the exact center of the fort at the
intersection of the two central streets, on the south-west corner.
square,* was a plat containing sixteen square blocks
twenty rods long, interesected with streets six rods
*In a careful survey of city blocks made in 19-13, it was dis-
covered that this original survey of the blocks in the fort was
far more accurate than many subsequent surveys of other parts.
Fewer property lines needed adjusting there than at any other
place, when the sidewalks were paved.
78 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i854
in width. Just inside the wall, there was left an eight
rod street on all sides except the south, where it nar-
rowed to five rods. Thus the dimensions of the fort
were 114 rods in length and 111 rods in width, the
wall enclosing the whole.
The wall itself was no small thing. Standing twelve
feet in height, it sloped from a bottom six feet in
thickness to a top of three feet. For the use of the
defenders, portholes, eight feet from the ground and
a rod apart, might be used. The bastions which pro-
jected out from the walls midway between the cor-
ners served as an additional protection. Entrance to
the fort could be made through gates on each side,
which were well guarded through their closeness to
the bastions.
The construction of the wall proved to be an ar-
duous and difficult task. First the earth had to be
mixed to the proper consistency, this work often be-
ing performed with wooden spades made by Charles
Barnes, the city's first cooper. Then it was necessary
to tramp the mud into the wall, in itself an under-
taking of no mean dimensions. Each layer must dry
thoroughly before the next could be applied, and this
delayed the work considerably. In view of the small
number of people and their meager resources, it must
be granted that they completed a colossal enterprise.
As a means of insuring the performance of the work
on the wall, the sixteen blocks in the fort were divided
into lots, eight to each block, ten rods in length and
five in width. On alternate blocks the lots faced east
and west, and north and south, respectively. For one
18S4]
TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS.
79
of these lots, the owner was compelled to build four
rods of wall or pay the equivalent — sixty bushels of
wheat or sixty dollars. During the summer and fall
of 1854, work continued steadily on this undertaking,
and while practically all parts of the wall were finished,
Tunis Rappley was the only man to complete fully his
four rods to its' full
height. What was ac-
complished, however,
served as an excellent
defense, and together
with the guards which
were placed at the gates,
was effective in keeping
out marauders. This
practice lasted- during
two years and the very
night it was discon-
tinued, an Indian broke
into the fort and stole
two of the best horses
there.
With the erection of
a wall, the people moved
their houses from the former fort to their city lots.
Many of them, however, erected new dwellings. In
this building era, the adobe — that sun-dried brick
which was so well known in Western pioneer days
— began to come into its usefulness. Even the log-
houses appeared more pretentious, since now the logs
were hewn, and a few could boast of old-fashioned
shingled roofs. But the mud-thatched roof and the
CHARLES BARNES.
80 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i8S4
dugout were destined to continue for many years yet
to be the common dwelling.*
PIONEER DAY, 1854.
For the first time since the founding of the city, the
people, on July 24, celebrated Pioneer Day. The
celebration took the form of a procession through the
streets, led by a band consisting of three violinists —
Alonzo D. Rhodes, Sylvanus Collett and Stephen H.
Pierce. Following these came twelve young men
and twelve young ladies dressed in white. It is said
the ingenuity and resources of the people were taxed
to the utmost to furnish these white clothes. Next
in line marched the Church officials and the militia,
and a number of citizens carrying banners brought up
the rear. Strange to say, one of the banners read
"Peace and Plenty." After parading the streets, the
procession drew up in front of the log school house
where a brush bowery had been constructed. Here a
program was enjoyed. A dance concluded the festiv-
ities of the day. Notwithstanding all existing hard-
ships and difficulties, it is affirmed by the participants
that every one enjoyed a most thorough good time.
THE INDIAN HOUSE.
Not the least interesting of the houses in the fort
was the so-called Indian House. This was a four-
roomed adobe structure built against the north wall,
near the present north-west corner of Third "West
*The Pioneer Monument has since been erected to commem-
orate the construction of this wall and it stands where once stood
the north wall of the fort and twenty-six rods from its north-east
corner. (Chap. XIX.)
1854]
TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS.
81
and First North. Its purpose seems to have been
two-fold — a reward for a clan of Indians under a
Chief Yan Tan who had aided Bishop Evans in cap-
turing the Indian murderers of two white boys named
Weeks from Cedar Fort, and also a means of attempt-
ing to civilize these
dusky friends. The first
purpose failed in part,
and the second entirely.
Only in the day time
would the red men oc-
cupy the house built by
(he pale faces— at night,
no other shelter than
their "wickiups" would
suffice ; and after an In-
dian child had died in
the house, they would
never enter it again.
Their attempted civili-
zation succeeded only to
the extent of the hours
of play which both red
and white children en-
joyed with each other. After being vacated by the
savages, the house served as- a temporary shelter for
new arrivals, and many are the families of Lehi whose
first residence was the Indian House.
SAMUEL BRIGGS,
A Pioneer of 1851.
THE TINTIC WAR.
The so-called Tintic War was a local disturbance in
the north end of Utah County. It arose from the
7
82
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[18S4
stealing of an ox from a herd of cattle on the west
side of Utah Lake, in charge of Abraham Hunsacker
of Goshen. On February 22, Sheriff Wall of Provo
set out from that place with a posse of ten men to
arrest the Indian thief. The result proved to be a
general fight with the tribesmen of the culprit, who
were encamped in Cedar
Valley. Reinforcements
being necessary, the
sheriff called on the
Lehi militia. A company
of fifteen men under
command of Captain
Willes and John S. Lott
responded, some of
whom were William
Clark, James Lamb,
John Glynes, John Kar-
ren, John Catlin, George
Winn, William Skeens,
Joseph Cousins, Frank
Molen, Sylvanus Col-
lett, and Alonzo D.
Rhodes.
Leaving Lehi on the morning of February 26, and
crossing Utah Lake on' the ice, the little company
proceeded to the Lone Tree Ranch to guard the cattle
which were kept there. To their dismay, they dis-
covered that they were already too late ; both herders,
Henry Moran and Washington Carson, had already
met their death at the hands of the militant savages.
There remained only to drive the cattle north to
JAMES LAMB.
1854] TROUBLES WITH THE INDIANS. 83
Chimney Rock Pass and camp for the night, James
Lamb and John Glynes having been sent, in the mean-
time, to inform the people at Cedar Fort of the sad
fate of the two herders. Camp having been pitched,
an animal was killed and the party fed. During the
meal, Joseph Cousins jestingly remarked, "If the In-
dians kill me, I wish to die with a full stomach." Be-
cause of the intense cold, a roaring fire was made.
Cousins and Sylvanus Collett, being delegated to se-
cure wood, proceeded to a nearby bunch of trees to
cut some. They were busily engaged when Collett,
glancing up, saw an Indian peering out from behind
a tree not far away. Shouting to his companion,
"Run, there is an Indian," he hastily fled to camp.
Not so with Cousins. He seemed rooted to the spot,
unable to help himself. The savages made quick
work of him, mercilessly shooting him down and
scalping him. The massacre of Cousins proved to be
but the prelude to a general attack. Crouching be-
hind wagon boxes and whatever shelter they could
obtain, the men returned the fire as best they could.
The intervention of nightfall was a great relief to
them, however, because the little party was almost
helpless before the greater number of Indians. As it
was, John Catlin was killed and George Winn mor-
tally wounded. Fearing a continuation of the attack,
the company retreated to the lake shore, four miles
away, carrying the wounded Winn in their arms.
Alonzo D. Rhodes crossed the lake on the ice and
reached Lehi the next morning. A relief company
immediately returned with him and accompanied the
dispirited party home, two of their number dead and
84 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i854
one hopelessly wounded. The funeral of these three
heroes was held on February 28. A larger force in
a few days effectively put an end to the "Tintic War."
Such were the troubles which the early settlers of
Lehi had with their savage neighbors. Precaution
and vigilance meant safety to them, the lack of it
would have resulted in the loss of life and property.
The so-called "wars" of those early days may appear
trivial and petty to modern eyes, but in the days of
Lehi's founding they meant life or death.
CHAPTER VII.
Initial Struggles and Hardships.
THE Indians did not constitute the only difficulty
the pioneers of Lehi had to overcome. Nature
herself seemed for a time to be arrayed against them.
While it is true that the development of a new coun-
try entails many hardships and presents an abundance
of perplexing problems, yet it would almost seem that
the early inhabitants of Lehi, in common with the
pioneers of all Utah, were compelled to meet a suc-
cession of misfortunes and adverse circumstances far
beyond the ordinary. What these blows of Dame
Fortune were and how the people met them, forms an
interesting part of Lehi's story.
GRASSHOPPERS.
In August, 1854, began the first of a series of costly
invasions by the grasshoppers. Appearing in count-
less myriads, they settled down on the fields and de-
voured everything in their path. Nothing green
escaped their voracious appetites. Fortunately most
of the crops had already been harvested, so the dam-
age wrought by the pest was inconsiderable. The
grasshoppers soon died, and the people congratulated
themselves on escaping so easily. But in this they
assumed too much, for the insects had deposited their
eggs and dire havoc was to follow the next year.
86 HISTORY OF LEHI. uss4
THE FIRST HARNESS.
To James Harwood belongs the honor of making
the first harness ever manufactured in Lehi. From
leather, tanned by Samuel Mulliner in Salt Lake City,
he put together, in 1854, the first product of a business
which he kept active until the time of his death, and
which is now conducted by his son-in-law, John T.
Winn.
FIRST THRESHING MACHINE.
The summer of 1854 also witnessed the importation
of the first agricultural machinery into Lehi — a
threshing machine. Compared to modern standards
it was but a sorry affair, since it did not separate the
chaff from the wheat. This operation was performed
by hand. A tread mill, run by horses, furnished the
motive power. A few years later, Bishop Evans se-
cured a fanning mill and this proved of inestimable
assistance. Both the threshing machine and the fan-
ning mill were owned and operated by Bishop David
Evans, Thomas Karren, and Daniel Collett.
GRASSHOPPER WAR.
Encouraged with the success of the few preceding
years, the people planted crops in 1855 on a more
extensive scale than ever. Growth during the spring
months promised a bounteous harvest, and the farmers
were already felicitating themselves on their good
fortune. But their hopes were soon to be blasted.
With the arrival of warm weather came also the hop-
pers, the sequel to the invasion of the year previous.
Growing with astonishing rapidity, they soon
18SS]
INITIAL STRUGGLES.
87
swarmed into the fields and began their work of de-
vastation. A marked peculiarity about these pests
was that they seemed always to travel across a field
in a southerly direction. Devouring everything in
their path, leaving not a
single green herb stand-
ing, their departure saw
the fields absolutely bar-
ren and waste. Only a
very few patches of
grain south of Dry
Creek were left stand-
ing.
To combat this plague
and to save if possible
some of the crops which
meant so much to them,
the settlers made des-
perate efforts and util-
ized various schemes.
They dug ditches, filled
them with water, and
drove the hoppers into
them ; they scattered winrows of straw over the fields
and when these were covered with the insects set
them on fire; they dug holes in the ground, brushed
the "Ironclads" into them and covered them with
earth. But all of their work seemed to be wasted;
they were unable to perceive that the numbers of the
creatures were in the slightest diminished. By the
middle of June, however, the wings of the grasshop-
pers were fully grown and they flew away, leaving
MRS. PETER SCHOW,
(Daughter of Abraham Losee,)
A Pioneer of 1851.
88
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1855
but a desolate waste where once had been a promise
of bounteous crops.
In order that food stuffs be obtained, the people
planted the devastated fields in corn and potatoes.
Fortune, which had been so unkind to them in the
spring, now bestowed her good graces upon them;
for the lateness of the arrival of snow and frost in the
autumn allowed these
crops to mature.
Of the very few
patches of grain har-
vested in 1855, one be-
longed to Mrs. Canute
Peterson, and the cir-
cumstances attending its
survival, as related by
her daughter, are suffi-
ciently noteworthy to
deserve narrating. Ow-
ing to the absence of her
husband on a mission,
the responsibility of til-
ling the land fell upon
Mrs. Peterson. She was
unable to obtain assist-
ance so attempted the planting of the crop herself. In
furrows made with a hoe, she planted the precious
kernels of wheat and because of her anxiety to per-
form the work well, she covered them deeply with
soil. An acre of land was utilized in this laborious
manner. Because of the lateness and depth of plant-
in--, the wheat did not show above the ground until
MRS. CANUTE PETERSON.
1855] INITIAL STRUGGLES. 89
after the departure of the grasshoppers, so that when
the other fields were barren and waste, that of Mrs.
Peterson was covered with a luxuriant growth. Sixty
bushels of wheat was the generous reward bestowed
by Mother Earth, in addition to sixty bushels of corn
and some potatoes. With these, this good lady was
able to provide, during the following winter, for seven
orphans, and to give generous aid to numerous neigh-
bors.
FIRST FRUIT TREES.
The spring of 1855 marked the beginning of an
industry which has since developed into one of the
most profitable carried on in Lehi. At this time,
Abram Hatch, James W. Taylor, and John R. Mur-
dock brought the first apple and peach trees into Lehi.
Since then, fruit raising has been extensively and
profitably carried on.
HARD TIMES.
The winter of 1855 and 1856 is noted for being"
probably the most severe in the history of Utah. In
common with others, the people of Lehi suffered in-
tensely during this time. Heavy snows and extremely
cold weather continued until late in the spring. With
but few comforts to offset the intense cold, and with
a small store of food owing to the failure of the crops
the year previous, the people were subjected to deep
and prolonged suffering. Every expedient was re-
sorted to in order to alleviate this trying condition.
Sego bulbs, thistle roots, and artichokes, together with
pig weed "greens," constituted a disagreeable but un-
avoidable part of their fare. With only such nour-
90
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1855
ishment as could be obtained from this too exclusively
vegetarian diet, it is small wonder that men were
often seen staggering along the streets from sheer
weakness.
Concerning these strenuous and trying times,
Samuel Briggs relates the following:
"The difficulty of obtaining bread to eat was only
surpassed by the trouble we had in getting something
to go with it. Indeed, this often proved impossible,
k
m
CRADLING GRAIN.
so dry bread frequently formed our fare. The people
made molasses of beets and occasionally of squash
and of parsnips, but of the three, beet molasses was
the least repulsive. The cooking was done in large
iron or brass kettles, of which there were very few
in the town. 'Grandma' Jacobs had an old iron kettle
18S6]
INITIAL STRUGGLES.
91
which went the rounds for molasses making. Its
broken pieces were held together by an iron band
round the outside. When the kettle was to be used,
the cracks were filled with flour paste of which a small
quantity was also kept on hand to stop leaks during
the process of cooking.
It sometimes happened
that small pieces of beet
were left in the molasses
and these the children
These conditions made
the harvesting of the
crop the following sea-
son a long-looked-for
and eagerly anticipated
event. Although only
one-third of the usual
amount of grain had
been sowed, the result
was an exceptionally mrs. johannah Jacobs.
bounteous harvest. Eagerly did the people seek the
first few ripened heads of grain and with great re-
joicing make them into bread. The survivors of those
hard times say that the first bread made from this har-
vest was sweeter and more delicious than any other.
THE LIBERTY POLE.
In 1856 the people of Lehi erected a flag pole upon
which to unfurl the emblem of their country. Pre-
ceding the Fourth of July of that year, William Daw-
92
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1856
son — familiarly called Uncle Billy — brought from
West Canyon a tall, straight pole, which was set up
at the north-east corner of the Meeting House lot.
Known as the "Liberty
Pole," it performed yeo-
man service for over
thirty-seven years, when
on July 5, 1893, it was
taken down by order of
the City Council as be-
ing unsafe.
THIRD MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
Except for a small
number of ordinances
and some extremely in-
distinct memorandums,
there exist no authentic
records of the third mu-
nicipal election and the
third coterie of city offi-
cers. The election was
held in February, 1856, with the following results, as
nearly as can be ascertained: Mayor, David Evans;
Aldermen, Alfred Bell, Lorenzo H. Hatch, J. W. Mor-
ton, and William Snow; Councilors. Abel Evans,
Daniel S. Thomas, Thomas Ashton, John S. Lott,
Daniel Collett, William S.S. Willes, Ezekiel Hopkins.
James \Y. Taylor, and Canute Peterson; Recorder
and Auditor, Thomas Taylor; Marshal, Alonzo D.
Rhodes ; Treasurer, Lorenzo H. Hatch ; Assessor and
Collector, James Harwood.
WILLIAM SNOW.
CHAPTER VIII.
Early Cultural Activity.
1851-1871.
ONE of the favorite pretensions of those who have
criticised the pioneers of Utah is that they were
largely illiterate and uneducated. They attempt to
insinuate and inveigh against the pretended lack of
refinement and culture in Utah as compared with
that of her sister states east of the Missouri. Teacher
and layman alike, no matter whether informed or not.
have taken their fling at the founders of the Common-
wealth. It is only recently, in fact, that an eminent
professor of history in a prominent American univer-
sity displayed the usual antagonism — to say nothing
of misjudgment — in a text book he published, by mak-
ing the statement that the farmers in the colonies in
Revolutionary times "had reached about the same
plane of civilization as that now occupied by the farm-
ers of Utah."
But the slightest examination of early Utah his-
tory reveals the utter fallacy of these criticisms. The
pioneers of Utah were among the most highly civ-
ilized and cultured Americans of their time. Far
from being the ignorant, uncouth frontiersmen their
critics paint them to be, they were drawn almost
wholly from the best families of New England and the
Middle West. Their state of culture soon became
evident after their arrival in Utah; for among their
first acts was to establish a school system which has
94
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1851
developed into the envy of all Utah's sister states.
Art, literature, music, the drama, soon found and kept
a place among the founders, and of other kinds of
cultural development
there was no lack.
Lehi is a good mirror
of the whole State in
this respect. The steps
the little community
took to advance civiliza-
tion, the difficulties en-
countered in making
these efforts, and their
widespread effect make
an interesting study.
THE FIRST SCHOOL HOUSE.
In the fall of 1851,
just one year after the
arrival of the first set-
tlers on Sulphur Springs,
the people of Evansville erected a school house. It
was a little log structure, eighteen by twenty-four
feet, and was situated a short distance west of the
present crossing of the D. & R. G. railroad and Dry
Creek. The building was fitted up for school pur-
poses in the best manner possible under the condi-
tions. A large fire place in one end served to keep the
interior warm. For desks, the children used rough
slab benches without backs. Other furniture in the
room consisted of a long table at which the pupils
practiced writing.
ELISHA H. DAVIS, SR., AND WIFE,
Pioneers of 1853.
1851]
EARLY CULTURAL ACTIVITY. 95
The equipment of the school otherwise was a seri-
ous problem. Books were extremely scarce, and of
those available hardly any were duplicates. Some
Bibles and Books of Mormon and a very few readers
and spellers — relics of other and better days — were
with difficulty gathered and used. Two or more pupils
had to content themselves with one book. Preston
Thomas was the first school teacher, and his problem
can be imagined somewhat when it is considered that
his school ranged from the learning of the alphabet to
long division, hardly two of his thirty or forty pupils
being in the same stage of advancement. But in spite
of -all these handicaps, school was held, and that suc-
cessfully.
Nor was the school house limited to use as a temple
of learning. Being the first public building, it served
alike as school house, meeting house, city hall, ball
room, theatre, and the gathering place for assem-
blies of all kinds. At its completion a rousing picnic
was held in it, and who can doubt that the little place
saw just as enjoyable a time as any of our pretentious
modern structures ?
This little building continued serving its purpose
many years. Later, school was held in the Meeting
House until the Thurman School House was con-
structed, an edifice in which nearly all the adult popu-
lation of Lehi has attended school.*
HOME DRAMATIC ORGANIZATIONS.
It was during the winter of 1854-1855 that the amuse-
*Various private schools had been conducted, notably those
of Mrs. Bassett, on the corner of Fourth West and Second
South, and Mr. Purse.
96
HISTORY OF LEHI.
1854]
ment-loving nature of the people took definite form
in the organization of the first home dramatic asso-
ciation of Lehi. Of this association, Thomas Taylor
was president and James W. Taylor, stage manager.
These two, with the following, put on the first per-
formances: William W. Taylor, Mrs. Isabell Norton
Judd. Edwin Standring, James Harwood, William
Hudson, John Niel, Jo-
seph Field. Robert
Stoney, Andrew Ander-
son. Prime Coleman,
George Coleman, Riley
Judd. William Sharp,
William Van Dyke,
Oscar Taylor, Mrs. Ann
Taylor, Henry McCon-
nell, Mrs. James W.
Taylor, Emma Evans,
Margaret and Elizabeth
Zimmerman, Emma
Lawrence, Lydia Kar-
ren and William Bur-
gess, Jr.
On the 16th of Feb-
ruary, 1855, William
Burgess, Jr., appeared before the City Council and
secured a license for the Lehi Dramatic Club for one
year free of charge.
The first productions given were "Priestcraft in
Danger" and "Luke the Laborer," the performances
being held in the log school house. Tallow candles
were used for foot lights, and wagon covers, painted
MRS. JAMjlS W. TAYLOR.
1855]
EARLY CULTURAL ACTIVITY.
97
with charcoal and red paint — the latter from the hills
above Lehi — formed the scenery and drop curtain.
The Dramatic Company was very popular with the
people, and these initial ventures were succeeded by
many admirable performances, much to the delight
and pleasure of the hardship-ridden pioneers.
THE MEETING HOUSE.
Since, in the late fall and winter of 1855, the peo-
ple had a great deal of spare time, it was proposed
by Bishop Evans that work be commenced on a meet-
ing house. The sugges-
tion met with instant
favor, and preparations
were accordingly made
for the construction of
such a building. A com-
mittee was appointed to
take charge of the mat-
ter— Daniel S. Thomas,
chairman, and James
Harwood, assessor and
collector, are the only
ones of this committee
now known — and a tax
of $1.50 for every $100
valuation levied, $1 to
be paid in labor and fifty
cents to be paid in grain.
Men were sent into West Canyon to obtain logs,
and others busied themselves with hauling rocks and
making adobes, and soon the masons were busy put-
MRS. ISABELL JUDD.
less] EARLY CULTURAL ACTIVITY. 99
ting in the foundations and erecting the walls. The
logs were hauled to Alpine and sawed into boards,
except a few of the best which were reserved for
shingles. The house was not completed the first
season, but was used in an unfinished condition and
has, in fact, never yet been formally dedicated.
The corner selected for the Meeting House was the
intersection of the two principal streets of the city,
now First South and Second West Streets. This
placed the building approximately in the center of the
old fort.
The church is sixty feet long by forty feet wide,
and sixteen feet high to the square, with a gable at
each end. The main auditorium is forty-eight by
thirty-six feet, and with the gallery which extends
across one end has a capacity of about five hundred.
In the attic are two rooms which have been used as
school rooms, and for quorum meetings, City Council
meetings, and prayer meetings.
The old structure has been used for a variety of
purposes during the nearly sixty years of its exist-
ence; it is still in active use; and bids fair yet to have
many years of service. Superseding the old log
school house, it was used for a long time for schools,
balls, parties, theatres, and municipal meetings, not
to mention its employment as a house of worship.
Celebrations, conventions, business meetings, and al-
most every other kind of assemblage, religious, polit-
ical, educational, industrial, and social, have been held
within its walls. In short, like as in Puritan days, the
Meeting House has been the center of the life and
growth of the community, and is a mute witness of its
100
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[18S2
struggles, vicissitudes, hardships, suffering, happiness
and success. During the so-called "Move," it shel-
tered at least twenty families. Within its portals
have the last sad rites been paid to more than one of
Lehi's children, and from its doors have been borne
to rest upon the lonely hillside the dear ones of the
best families in the city. Truly, the Meeting House,
interesting old structure that it is, is entwined around
the very heart strings of the people of Lehi.
The "Divine Art" was not forgotten by the pio-
neers of Lehi any more than the others. Even before
the organization of a
ward, David Clark led
the singing in the as-
semblies, but no organ-
ized effort is known be-
fore 1852. In this year,
William Hudson organ-
ized and led the first
choir. Among the sing-
ers who assisted him in
the old log school house
and Meeting House
were David Clark, Sam-
uel Jones, Edward W.
Edwards, John Wield,
James Harwood, Mrs.
Robinson, Mrs. Folkner.
William Sharp, Martha Clayton, William Littlewood,
Mrs. Littlewood, Annie Brown, and others.
EDWARD W. EDWARDS,
Choir Le;.der and Hand Cart Veteran
1854]
EARLY CULTURAL ACTIVITY.
101
During the Christmas hoi
lish custom of serenading w
idays the good old Eng-
as enjoyed, but with the
passing years it has al-
most died out.
Some of the later lead-
ers of the choir are Ed-
ward W. Edwards, James
P. Carter, Isaac W. Fox,
John L. Gibb. E. Beesley,
and Isaac Fox. Under
these men the choir has
always taken an active
part in the life of the
city, participating in cel-
ebrations, exercises, pro-
grams, meetings and fu-
nerals, and in bringing
good cheer and comfort
in numerous other ways
to the people. Indeed,
it has been the choir that has formed the nucleus of
musical development in Lehi. At various times its
high state of proficiency in music has been demon-
strated by its success in winning contests, some of
them State-wide.
JOHN L. GIBB.
FIRST PUBLIC LIBRARY.
As early as 1854, the City Council of Lehi had ap-
propriated $70.00 for the purpose of founding a public
library. The impetus was not sufficient, however, and
the matter was not agitated again until 1865. Largely
through the efforts of Israel Evans, a stock company
102 HISTORY OF LEHI. rises
was then organized for the purpose of establishing
and operating a library, the members subscribing at
$5.00 a share. The company was organized under the
following grant of the Legislature :
An act to incorporate the Lehi Library Association.
Section 1. Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative
Assembly of the Territory of Utah: That Israel Evans, Wil-
liam H. Winn, Canute Peterson, James W. Taylor, and William
S. S. Willes and their associates and successors in office are
hereby constituted a body corporate, to be known and styled as
Lehi Library Association; and shall have power to purchase,
receive and hold property real and personal; to sue and be sued,
plead and be impleaded, defend and be defended in all courts
of law and equity; and to do all or anything that may be proper
to carry into effect the object of the association by establishing
a library of books, maps, charts, and scientific instruments, con-
necting therewith a reading room and lectures, and the above
named persons are hereby constituted a board of directors of
said association, until superseded as provided in the following
section.
Section 2. A board of five directors shall be elected by the
members of the said association on the first Monday in March,
1866, and annually thereafter on said day, who shall hold the
offices for one year and until their successors are duly elected;
and they shall have power to appoint a president, secretary, cor-
responding secretary, treasurer, and librarian, and define their
duties; and also to enact such by-laws as may be necessary to
do all business of the association. A majority may form a
quorum to do business and fill any vacancy in the board, until
the next regular election.
Section 3. This association may raise means by sale of shares
and contributions and donations for the purchase of books, maps,
charts, etc., and for leasing or erecting of suitable buildings for
library, reading room, and lecture.
Section 4. Conditions of membership, admission to the li-
brary, reading room, and lecture, and the loaning of books or
1865]
EARLY CULTURAL ACTIVITY.
103
other property, shall be as provided by the by-laws of the said
association.
Approved December 27, 1865.
For this library there was purchased Harper's Fam-
ily Library, consisting of one hundred fifty volumes of
uniform size and binding. In addition, the collection
HblJ ? Bra
-
5 1
•L lE^g^q
i 1 i
"^t^SLbii
1 1 V — — %..-*
INTERIOR OF MEETING HOUSE.
(Looking toward Stand.)
contained histories, biographies, and scientific works,
but no novels.
The library was first opened in the small room in
the Meeting House, with Joseph J. H. Colledge as li-
brarian. A small fee was charged for the use of the
books, and as literature was very scarce, they were in
constant use. It is related that a lecture was held
104
HISTORY OF LEHI.
11860
once a week at which time the people would draw out
their books for the succeeding week, arid it is said also
that very few volumes
were allowed to remain
in the library during
the meantime.
After the organiza-
tion of the Young Men's
Mutual Improvement
Association, the books
were turned over to that
society. By them a li-
brary was opened in the
basement of the present
City Hall, and a great
number of volumes
added to the collection.
Later, however, the
isaac w. fox. books were divided and
for a number of years were not available.
FIFE AND DRUM CORPS.
About 1860 there was organized in Lehi a fife and
drum corps which did much to please the people in
the following years. Abraham Enough was the prime
mover in this organization, and he became its first
leader. This post he held for more than a score of
years ; a familiar figure on public occasions, with his
mouth crooked over his fife and his feet keeping time
to the strain. Until the brass band was organized, the
drum corps was the principal music in all public
afTairs. From year to year the membership of the
1871]
EARLY CULTURAL ACTIVITY.
105
band changed until a large part of the male popula-
tion of the city had seen service in it. It was not un-
til after 1890 that the last remnants of the corps dis-
banded.
FIRST BRASS BAND.
It was only in 1871 that the first brass band was
formed in Lehi, but when the conditions are taken
into consideration, that
is a sufficiently meri-
torious accomplishment.
In that year, principally
through the activity of
George William Thur-
man, such an organiza-
tion was launched. By
agreement, John Beck
furnished one-half of the
money necessary to se-
cure the instruments.
The following were the
charter members : Al-
fred Fox, leader; Isaac
Fox, Samuel Taylor,
George Beck, Robert
Gilchrist, John Beck,
Thomas Fowler, Christian Racker, Thomas R. Cutler,
David J. Thurman, Joseph Ashton, and Joseph Col-
ledge. These men were enthusiastic workers, and the
band soon reached a high stage of proficiency.
LEHI MUSIC HALL.
ABRAHAM ENOUGH.
Soon after the brass band was organized, the mem-
106 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i87i
bers erected the Lehi Music Hall at a cost of $2,500.
This building was the first real theatre and dance hall
in Lehi. It was located one-half block south of the
Central School Building. It was thirty feet by sixty-
two feet, with twenty-one feet of the west end used for
a stage, and was built of adobes. The stage settings
and scenery were the wonder and admiration of the
people, and attracted many visitors as well. The drop
curtain and some of the scenery were painted by
George Kirkham, and the remainder by Kirkham and
Lambourne of Salt Lake City. It served well the pur-
pose of furnishing amusement, and was the scene of
many notable performances by the Home Dramatic
Association, and traveling companies. It enjoyed pop-
ular favor until the erection of the Lehi Opera House
by Lewis GarrT, when it was sold and torn down.
CONCLUSION.
Such a record is sufficient refutation of the charge
of ignorance on the part of the founders of the State.
When a little city like Lehi, in the face of the almost
insurmountable difficulties which beset its founders,
can accomplish the advances in education, music, the
drama and other lines of culture, that have been
shown, there remains little ground for further charges
of lack of education and refinement. And to the men
and women who accomplished these things too much
credit can not be given.
CHAPTER IX.
Frontier Problems.
THE influx of the pioneers started a continuous
flow of immigration from the East. New con-
verts of the Mormon religion were urged to migrate
to the Rocky Mountains to affiliate themselves with
their co-religionists. The response to this advice taxed
to the utmost the facilities of the Church for transpor-
tation. Ox teams and horses proved entirely inade-
quate. To handle the ever-increasing stream of peo-
ple who desired to go to the "Valley," some additional
means was necessary. The hand cart companies came
into being to supply this need. Unaided by horses or
oxen, thousands of sturdy men and their no less cour-
ageous wives crossed the plains after 1856, pulling a
small cart which contained all of their possessions.
In general, this method of traveling proved highly
' satisfactory, and to it is due in no small part the
steady increase in Utah's population in early times.
Like her sister cities, Lehi received part of this hand
cart immigration.
HAND CART VETERANS.
The task of crossing the plains with a hand cart is
sufficiently noteworthy to deserve more than passing
mention. To those noble men and women who made
this memorable journey must be accorded praise in
108
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[18 '.6
boundless measure. Their names should be written
indelibly upon the pages of history and cherished al-
ways in the hearts of their fellow citizens. Especially
do these men and women who came to Lehi by the
hand cart method deserve a permanent place in the
narration of the city's
growth. Their names con-
stitute an honor roll to
which their fellows may
look with sincere pride
and gratitude.
Robert Stoddard
Sarah Stoddard Brown
Edward IV. Edwards
These three young peo-
ple were members of the
first hand cart company to
come to Utah. Edmund
Ellsworth was . captain,
and they entered Salt Lake
on September 26, 1856.
Betsy Smith Goodzvin
Rebecca Pilgrim Goates
were members of Captain Willie's ill-fated company, and
reached Salt Lake City November 9, 1856.
Mariah Loader
came in Captain Martin's company, of whom about one-
fourth were left dead upon the plains. She arrived in
Salt Lake City November 30, 1856.
MRS. SARAH S. BROWN,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
1857-1860]
FRONTIER PROBLEMS.
109
William Ball
Henry Simmonds
William L. Hut chin gs
These men, together with their families, were with the
company of Captain Israel Evans. After a very success-
ful trip, then entered Salt Lake City, September 12, 1857.
Jens Holm
and family, after a journey of 1400 miles with Captain
Christensen's company, arrived in Salt Lake, September
13, 1857.
Joseph Broadbent
and family came to Utah
in Captain Rowley's com-
pany, which suffered con-
siderably for want of
food. Their arrival in
Salt Lake City dated
August 4, 1859.
Joseph Slater
and family crossed in
Captain Daniel Robin-
son's company. August
27, 1860, saw them safely
in Salt Lake City.
Hannah Slater Bone
was a member of this same company.
Carl J. E. Fjeld
and family were members of Captain Oscar O. Stod-
dard's company. This was the last hand cart company to
MRS. BETSEY SMITH GOODWIN,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
110
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1856
cross the plains to Utah, and it entered Salt Lake City
September 24, 1860.
HAND CART DISASTER.
But the hand cart immigration was not without its
tragic side. In the fall of 1856, several companies
started from the Platte so late that the winter snow
caught them when they reached the mountains. They
suffered untold hard-
ships from cold, hunger
and exposure, and many
gave up their lives. To
assist them, Brigham
Young called for volun-
teers during the month
of October. Many men
with teams and provi-
sions responded and
went out to meet these
ill-fated travelers. A
second call brought out
the following men from
Lehi who, forgetting
the extreme vicissitudes
which they had been
compelled to undergo in
the recent past, left their homes to give whatever aid
they could to their brothers in distress: John R. Mur-
dock, William H. Winn, Frank Allen, John S. Lott,
Jonathan Partridge, and Alonzo D. Rhodes.
Concerning this incident, John R. Murdock
says:
MRS. REBECCA PILGRIM GOATES,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
18S6] FRONTIER PROBLEMS. Ill
"There were six of us called from Lehi as a sec-
ond relief party to go and meet the hand cart suffer-
ers. We proceeded as far as the Weber where we
met them, and after distributing the supplies we had
brought with us, undertook to help them on the road
to the valley. Through the falling snow and the
chilling blast our progress was necessarily very slow,
but by night we had managed to reach the Cotton-
wood Grove where we camped. Next morning we
started to cross the Big Mountain. In going up the
mountain in advance of the company, we found the
snow becoming deeper and deeper, and when we
reached the top, we discovered that it had drifted to
a depth of ten or twelve feet. Here we met men and
teams who inquired where the men and teams from
Provo were. When I told them that they were a
long distance back, they proposed to return to their
camp. To this proposition I said 'No' most em-
phatically, and told them to go and help bring the im-
migrant train up, which they finally did.
"Frank Allen and Jonathan Partridge were now
sent forward to make fires for the immigrants at their
proposed stopping place, while the rest of us worked
with all our might to get the train over the mountain.
We hitched three yoke of big cattle to each of the
two lead wagons, and with a great deal of labor suc-
ceeded in getting a trail opened for the hand
carts."
John R. Murdock was a mountaineer of wide ex-
perience and unlimited energy, and there is no doubt
but that his wise planning and untiring labor saved
many lives on that memorable occasion.
112
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1856
BELATED IMMIGRANTS.
No sooner had these men of Lehi helped bring the
hand cart companies to safety than they received an-
other call to assist an independent immigration com-
pany which was in distress near Fort Bridger. Brig-
ham Young requested Bishop Evans to fit out a relief
expedition and proceed to the assistance of the un-
fortunates with all possible speed. A company of
twenty men with teams and ten wagons provided
with provisions and feed
was the response. The
captain of these men
was Joseph Skeens and
some of his companions
were Alonzo D. Rhodes,
Abraham Brown, Sam-
uel Cousins, Newal A.
Brown, Riley Judd,
Henry McConnell, Pau-
linas H. Allred, and
William Dawson.
This company left
Lehi on December 10.
On account of the great
drifts of snow which
they encountered in the
mountains, they could
travel only with great
difficulty and but very slowly. Finally, however, they
reached Fort Bridger and found the immigrants on
the verge of starvation. Their provisions were ex-
hausted and their teams so poor that they could not
MRS. MARIAH LOADER,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
1856]
FRONTIER PROBLEMS.
113
continue their journey. The arrival of the company
from Lehi saved them from a most pitiable condition
and the possibility of death from starvation.
Now began the return march. More snow had fal-
len, so the homeward journey was more difficult than
ever. It was almost impossible to get the teams
through the deep drifts. They arrived at the Big
Mountain one day about sundown and found the
snow near the top to be
about twenty feet deep
and so loose and dry
that it would not pack.
With great exertion,
Captain Skeens crawled
to the top. and to his
great joy found a com-
pany of men camped on
the other side. When
he told them the condi-
tion of his expedition,
they came at once to
the rescue. Hitching
together four yoke of
oxen, they drove them
over the top of the
mountain down through
the snowdrifts to the
first wagon. This they pulled back to the top while
its team in turn helped bring the second wagon. In
this way the trail was opened, and the company
passed safely over.
The expedition encountered no further trouble and
MRS. WILLIAM BALL,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
114
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1857
reached home in safety, having traveled about three
hundred and thirty miles over the mountains in fiteen
days. The cold had been so severe that every mem-
ber of the party had fingers or toes frost bitten.
AN EXPLORING TRIP. .
Besides the work of assisting others who were in
distress, the pioneers of Utah often made trips of ex-
ploration into adjoining-
parts of the Rocky
Mountain region. Sev-
eral such expeditions
went out from Lehi. In
April. 1857, Bishop Ev-
ans. William Fothering-
ham and John Brown,
upon the invitation of
Brigham Young, joined
a party which he and
Heber C. Kimball were
organizing to explore
the country in the
north. The company
was made up of picked
men from the various
towns, together with a
few women. Bishop
Evans' wife. Ann. being one of the number. Leaving
Salt Lake City April 24, 1857, they traveled north into
the trackless plains and mountain ranges of Idaho,
until thev arrived at Fort Limhi. a Mormon settle-
MRS. CARL J. E. FJELD,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
1857]
FRONTIER PROBLEMS.
115
ment on Salmon River. The company reached Utah
again, May 26.
WHITE MOUNTAIN MISSION.
Upon his return from Idaho, Bishop Evans was
called to explore the White Mountains and Beaver
Valley. With him went Richard Bee. William W.
Taylor, John Norton, WTilliam Skeens, Dr. Williams,
Thomas Randall, and
James Harwood. The
latter gives an account
of the trip :
"With some of the
men riding horseback
and others taking their
ox teams, and equipped
with provisions to last
several months, we
started some time in
June, going south to
the present site of
Beaver, thence west.
Through groves of trees,
many of which were cut
down by the beavers for
their dams, we followed
down the river to a large
spring, issuing from a black rock, which we named
Black Rock Spring. Here we camped and plowed
a ditch, taking the water from the spring for irriga-
tion purposes, because we intended to locate a settle-
ment.
MRS. HENRY SIMMONDS,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
116 HISTORY OF LEHI. nsss
"A tribe of Indians camped with us, made them-
selves quite at home, and enjoyed our rations ex-
ceedingly. After a few days, the Bishop took a small
party of men and explored the White Mountain coun-
try. After being at the spring about a month, we
received orders from Church headquarters to aban-
don the idea of making a settlement and to return
home. The Indians were quite disappointed at our
departure."
SALMON RIVER EXPEDITION.
In the spring of 1858, contingencies arose which
made necessary the sending out of an expedition from
Lehi for still another purpose — this time to assist in
the defense of a colony which had been attacked by
the Indians. Ea.rly on the morning of March 8 the
signal drum hurriedly called the men of Lehi to the
Meeting House. There they learned that volunteers
were needed to rescue the colonists in Fort Limhi, on
the Salmon River, in Idaho. Two men had been
killed and five others wounded by the Indians, and
the savages had driven away most of the cattle. A
number of men volunteered to go upon this danger-
ous and difficult expedition. They were : Captain Sid-
ney Willes, Abram Hatch, Henry Norton, John
Glynes, Riley Judd, James Lamb, William Skeens,
David Skeens, William Dawson, Newal A. Brown,
Benjamin Cutler, Frank Molen, Wesley Molen, Henry
McConnell, Andrew Anderson, David Taylor, Samuel
Cousins, Oley Ellingson, Joseph A. Thomas, George
Merrell, Israel Evans, William H. Winn, George Bar-
ber and possibly others.
1858]
FRONTIER PROBLEMS.
117
Making only the scantiest and most necessary
preparations, the company left Lehi at noon of the
day upon which the call came. At Ogden they joined
the remainder of the expedition, which consisted of
200 men with Colonel Cunningham in command. The
party left Ogden on
March 11. Their way
led through Malad,
Blackfoot, up Snake
River, across Shanghi
plains to the head of the
Salmon, and down that
stream to Fort Limhi.
They arrived at their
destination March 23.
The hardships of this
journey can only be ap-
preciated when all of
the conditions are con-
sidered. The men were
but scantily clothed.
Many of them wore
mocassins. Nearly all
were without overcoats.
Underwear made of wagon cover was quite common.
With such clothing the men were but barely able to
resist the intense cold and the biting north wind
which had blown constantly since they had left Og-
den. The plains they traversed were covered with
snow, in many places drifted to great depths. In ad-
dition, the trail led through dangerous canyons and
over equally dangerous ice-bound rivers. On every
JENS HOLM,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
118
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1858
side was the constant menace of the savage redskins
who viewed with great disfavor the march of the
"pale faces" into their domains. Truly it required
men of courage and purpose to make such a journey.
Newal A. Brown, the only survivor of this expedi-
tion in Lehi, relates the following:
"We found the fort surrounded by a high stockade
which gave the people
ample protection so long
as they remained inside.
It was while they were
out gathering the stock
which the Indians had
stolen that the men
were killed. Soon after
our men entered the
fort, a party of eight In-
dians came in, not know-
ing we were there. The
gates were quickly
closed, and we captured
five of the redskins. The
others scaled the stock-
ade, and with a loud
warwhoop dashed down
the valley.
"By the aid of the interpreter we learned from the
captives that the main Indian encampment was
twenty miles further down the river. Something
concerning the nature of the grievances entertained
by the Indians we also learned, and one of the cap-
tives was dispatched with a message to his tribe that
NEWAL A. BROWN.
1858]
FRONTIER PROBLEMS.
119
the white men wished to meet his tribesmen next day
and have a 'big talk.'
"On going down the river next morning, we found
the red men apparently more prepared for war than
for peace. They were lying in ambush in a large cot-
ton grove awaiting developments, the spokesman and
a few braves being the only ones in view. We formed
a line on the edge of the
grove and immediately
entered into negotia-
tions by means of the
interpreter, on the one
hand, and the Indian
spokesman on the other.
Both men seemed emi-
nently well qualified for
the contest, and for some
time a wordy warfare
waged. The Indian, an
excellent specimen of
his race, was on a white
horse which he rode
around and behind our
boys, gesticulating with
his arms as he talked
loudly and rapidly. Fi-
nally the tone of the savage became more docile, and
on hearing an occasional approving grunt from among
the trees, it grew to be quite friendly. We learned that
the mountaineers, who were hostile toward the Mor-
mons, had poisoned the minds of the Indians and
incited them to acts of lawlessness and plunder.
MRS. HANNAH S. iiOXE,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
120
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1858
"After the 'big talk' was over, the savages ex-
pressed their regret for the trouble they had caused,
and sent out runners to gather all the stolen cattle
they could find. Later they made up the number short
with Indian ponies. We also traded for a consider-
able number of buffalo robes, giving one blanket for
two robes. These skins helped materially in keeping
out the cold on the homeward journey.
"The commander at once dispatched a posse of five
men with the news of
the treaty to President
Young. Indians at-
tacked the men before
they reached Utah, and
Bailey Lake was killed
in the encounter.
"Although against
the wishes of the In-
dians, the settlers im-
i , fl H mediately prepared to
fct *Mk ■■• leave the fort, commenc-
ing the homeward jour-
ney, March 28, 1858.
Every vehicle of trans-
portation was loaded
to its full capacity with
tools, furniture and pro-
visions, and yet a quan-
tity of grain was left at the fort. After helping the
colonists start and accompanying them some dis-
tance on the way, we increased our speed and pre-
ceded them on the journey south.
MRS. JOSEPH BROADBENT,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
1858] FRONTIER PROBLEMS. 121
"On the way home we called at the old abandoned
Fort Hall, and a few days later found the naked body
of Bailey Lake. He lay face downward, pinned to
the earth with five arrows. We dug a grave, held a
funeral service, and laid away the remains of this un-
fortunate man, with all the honor and respect possible
under the circumstances. When we reached Utah
early in April, we learned that the people in Salt Lake
Valley and the valleys in the north had commenced
the so-called 'Move' to the south."
CHAPTER X.
The Echo Canyon War.
IT IS necessary now to turn back in the annals of
Lehi's history to consider that peculiar and inter-
esting episode — the Echo Canyon War. A discus-
sion of the causes leading up to this unique incident
does not belong here, neither is it incumbent to de-
scribe the attitude of the Federal government and of
the people of the Territory towards each other, ex-
cept in so far as they affected the growth of the little
settlement on Dry Creek. Thus limited, the sub-
ject still possesses many features of interest and im-
portance.
A HISTORIC TWENTY-FOURTH.
Ten years had elapsed since the pioneers first set
foot in Salt Lake Valley. Prosperity — limited even
though it admittedly was — reigned where originally
had been found but hardship and suffering.. From the
first colony on the shores of the salt sea had grown
numerous settlements in different parts of the Terri-
tory. The people were free from oppression; they
lived contentedly and happily. There was reason to
rejoice over the substantial progress made and the
rosy outlook for the future.
Thus it came about that July 24, 1857, found a joy-
ful celebration under way — the tenth anniversary of
1857, THE ECHO CANYON WAR. 123
the arrival of the pioneers. Most of the people of
Salt Lake City had migrated to Silver Lake, a beau-
tiful sheet of water at the head of Big Cottonwood
Canyon (now called Brighton). With them, upon
invitation of Brigham Young and other Territorial
and Church officials, had come the more prominent
men from all over Utah. Included in these, by special
request, were the members of the exploring party
which had journeyed into Idaho a few months pre-
vious. And so it was that Lehi was well represented
at the historic celebration in the canyon.
The unexpected arrival of Abram O. Smoot,
Orrin Porter Rockwell and Judson Stoddard at the
height of the celebration, with the startling news
that an army of the United States was on its way to
Utah, precipitated the most profound, astonishment
and the most varied speculation as to the outcome.
When the news reached Lehi, it was the sole topic of
conversation for months. Amid all kinds of rumors
and excitement, it was possible to find out practically
nothing definite concerning the impending invasion
which threatened to have so dubious a result for
the people of the Territory. It is easily understood
why the men and women of Lehi should become in-
tensely concerned.
In the first place, the invasion by an army of the
United States was to their minds wholly unprece-
dented and unjustified. They were neither aliens seek-
ing to overthrow the government nor subjects
in rebellion. Indeed they prided themselves on
their loyalty to the Federal Government. They
pointed to the fact that one of their first actions
124 HISTORY OF LEHI. nss7
in the Territory was to hoist the Stars and Stripes.
Since that time they had universally been at
peace except for their spasmodic conflicts with the
Indians. Furthermore, they considered they had the
right to a presumption of loyalty from their past rec-
ord. In Lehi were at least thirteen men — George
Coleman, James Lemmons, John C. Nagle, Israel
Evans, Jesse B. Martin, Ira J. Willes, William S. S.
Willes, John R. Murdock, Charles Hopkins, Thomas
Karren, Frank Woodward, Joseph Skeens, and Levi
Savage — who had faithfully and heroically served
their country in the Mormon Battalion. Another —
Alfred Bell— had fought in the War of 1812. Numer-
ous families traced their descent from the Revolu-
tionary fathers. Were they not entitled to some con-
sideration and respect as patriotic citizens of the gov-
ernment that was now sending an 'invading army
against them? Such, at least, was their belief. That
they should be exceedingly concerned over the vio-
lence which threatened is easily understood. Most
of them had been victims in some form or other of
the persecutions and mobbings of a few years pre-
vious in Missouri and Illinois. Also they could not
help calling to mind that those mobs had often com-
mitted their horrible crimes under the flimsy justi-
fication of supposed legality. Can they be blamed for
being fearful of a repetition of their former heart-
breaking experiences?
But this speculation and discussion eventually took
tangible form. Representatives from Lehi attended
all the meetings in Salt Lake City in which the ques-
tion was thoroughly considered. Finally they cor-
1857] THE ECHO CANYON WAR. 125
curred in the decision arrived at, to resist the entrance
of the army into the Territory. In addition, the Ter-
ritorial militia was perfected and prepared to enter
the conflict, if necessary. The Lehi military district
comprised all of Utah County north of Provo, and
was under the supervision of David Evans, who held
the rank of major.
In September came a call on the Lehi district for a
company of cavalry for service in Echo Canyon. Men
from all settlements north of the lake made up the
number as finally organized. Captain Sidney Willes
commanded the party, and among its members could
have been noted the following Lehi men : Frank Mo-
len, Wesley Molen, Joseph A. Thomas. Newal A.
Brown, William Fotheringham, Riley Judd, William
Skeens, George Merrel, David Taylor, John S. Lott,
Sylvanus Collett, John Karren, and James Wiley
Norton. The work of these volunteers consisted at
first only of blocking Echo Canyon against the en-
trance of the troops. To this end, they constructed
barricades and breastworks in the defiles of the moun-
tains, and took all possible measures effectively to
impede the progress of the army. Later they joined
Captain Lot Smith's company at Ham's Fork, and
experienced more active and interesting service. Un-
der the leadership of this resourceful and daring fron-
tiersman, they harassed General Johnston in every
conceivable manner. They burned his supply trains ;
they drove off his horses and mules; they stampeded
his cattle ; they set the dry grass around him afire ;
126 HISTORY OF LEHI. nss?
they irritated and hampered him continuously — but
they shed not a drop of blood. All this was accom-
plished with the most meagre equipment, and a com-
paratively small force. Indeed, to deceive the en-
emy, Captain Smith often had his men ride in file
around visible hill tops
and passes for hours at
a a stretch, accomplishing
by strategy alone what
i others might have per-
f ...jfc formed only through
\ m bloodshed. Often the
Territorial recruits were
compelled to subsist on
a diet of bread and
water — the former made
from a mixture of flour
and water, and baked
over an open fire by
winding the dough spi-
rally around a stick.
wesley molen. When the snow set in.
General Johnston estab-
lished his winter quarters at Fort Bridger. and the
volunteer cavalry returned home. A few of the men,
under Captain W'illes, maintained a kind of patrol in
Echo Canyon during most of the winter. Early De-
cember saw all the party with this exception safely
in Lehi.
INFANTRY.
In the meantime, a company of infantry had also
set out from Lehi. Major William Hyde was in com-
1857]
THE ECHO CANYON WAR.
127
mand of this expedition, and it carried a full equip-
ment of guns and ammunition and sufficient pro-*
visions to last all winter. Major William Hyde, Wil-
liam Clark, James Harwood, Luke Titcomb, Joseph
J. Smith, Samuel T. Smith, Joseph Robinson, Edward
Cox, Robert Maugh, Preston Thomas, Henry Sim-
monds, Edward M. Allison, William Hudson, James
Commander, and Thomas Ashton made up the roll of
volunteers from Lehi.
Some of these reputed
infantrymen . were so
poorly clad as hardly to
deserve the name. In-
deed, if their value had
depended upon their
uniforms at all, rather
than upon their daunt-
less courage and un-
questioned bravery, they
would have been a sorry
band of soldiers. For
example, Samuel T.
Smith had no shoes un-
til the company arrived
in Salt Lake City, and
then he procured an old
pair from William Clark who in turn bought the only
pair in a certain store for sixteen bushels of oats.
They were, the largest and most ungainly footgear he
had ever beheld, but he had to make shift with them
or do without. From James Harwood is obtained
this account of the campaign :
LUKE TITCOMB.
128 HISTORY OF LEHI. [iss?
"In the month of November we started for Weber
River, traveling through Emigration Canyon and
over the Big Mountain, where the snows of winter
were gathering in great drifts. After reaching the
Weber, we marched to the mouth of Echo Canyon,
where a military camp had already been established.
Here we were told to remain and await further or-
ders. Soon afterward, we received word that John-
ston's army was going into winter quarters and that
we might return home.
"With much rejoicing we packed our effects and
started on our homeward march. While no one
thought in the least of deserting, yet we felt at times
a little anxious when we considered the object of the
campaign. We were going out to meet and attempt
to resist one of the best equipped armies of the United
States, whose orders were to enter Salt Lake City at
any cost. We knew very well that if we ever met that
army, some of us might never see our loved ones
again.
"About midnight of the first day's journey home-
ward, as we were rolled up in our blankets at the foot
of Big Mountain, a messenger aroused us with orders
to return to our former camp at once, for the Federal
army, as supposed, had not gone into permanent quar-
ters for the winter. In spite of a feeling of disap-
pointment, back we tramped through the snow until
we reached the main encampment of the Nauvoo Le-
gion, situated near the Overhanging Cliffs in Echo
Canyon. The camp presented quite a military ap-
pearance with its hundreds of white tents and cov-
18S7]
THE ECHO CANYON WAR.
129
ered wagons, and as we came marching in, the band
played, 'O ye mountains high.'
"We soon became accustomed to the routine work
of a military camp, and learned to regulate our actions
by the bugle call and the tap of the drum. We had
tents and wagons in which to sleep, and each com-
pany provided itself with a large 'wickiup,' made of
poles placed upright in a circle with their tops to-
gether and thatched on the outside with pine boughs.
These we used as places in which to spend our leisure
time. We had plenty of beef, bread, and beans to eat,
so we did not suffer for
lack of food. In fact,
we all enjoyed ourselves
and had a good time.
"One evening we were
sitting around the big
fire in the 'wickiup,'
'spinning yarns' and
singing songs, when a
scouting party which
had been out in the
neighborhood of the
army came in. 'Bill'
Skeens and Riley Judd
had been with them, so
we were soon listening
to their big stories.
They happened to be
standing on opposite
sides of the fire when 'Bill' remarked, 'Here's your
powder horn, Riley,' at the same time handing him
10
HENRY SIMMONDS,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
130
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1857
the horn. Riley reached across the fire for the recep-
tacle, when to our horror it fell into the flames. The
scene that followed can best be imagined, for we lost
no time in getting away from the fire and out of the
'wickiup.' We expected to see both men blown to
atoms. But the explosion never came. When we
finally ventured to look in, there sat Bill and Riley
quietly toasting their toes by the fire and in the com-
fortable seats their lit-
tle ruse had secured for
them.
"Our time was not all
spent in play; we had
drill every day, and work
with the pick and shov-
el. At convenient places
in the canyon, we dug
trenches and construct-
ed breastworks, piled
boulders on the heights
to be rolled down on
the invaders, and made
a dam across the can-
yon to submerge the
road. We also stood
RILEY JUDD. guard at night an(j per_
formed all the other duties of a soldier.
"Scouting parties continued to come in with news
from the army and occasionally with prisoners. I
recognized one of the men brought as a fellow-passen-
ger on the ship on which I had crossed the Atlantic.
1857]
THE ECHO CANYON WAR.
131
He informed me he had hired out as a teamster, deem-
ing that a good way to reach Salt Lake.
"Finally we received word that the army had defi-
nitely gone into winter quarters on Black's Fork, and
orders came early in De-
cember to break camp
and return home. It did
not take long to put this
command into execu-
tion. With as few stops
as possible, after leaving
Echo Canyon, we trav-
eled up the Weber, as
the snow on the Big
Mountain was impassa-
ble, and followed the
trail to Parley's Park
and down Parley's Can-
yon. We ate the last
of our provisions and
pitched our last camp in
this canyon. The snow
was so deep that we did
not attempt to shovel it away, but made our beds on
top of it, and in the morning we found ourselves un-
der another layer. When we arrived at Union Fort,
wi1 were invited to the meeting house where a good
meal awaited us, and it is needless to say that we did
ample justice to the occasion. We reached home the
next day a tired, happy lot of men who expected to
renew the campaign when spring came."
JOSEPH SLATER,
A Hand Cart Veteran
132 HISTORY OF LEHI. ussmsss
THE "MOVE."
The winter of 1857-1858 passed very much as the
preceding winters, but underneath the outward feel-
ing of serenity there existed a vague wonder as to the
future movements of the army quartered just outside
the Territory. During all the months of inactivity,
negotiations were carried on between Brigham Young
on one hand and General Johnston and the newly-
appointed Governor, Alfred Cumming, on the other.
The upshot of these communications was hardly sat-
isfactory to either party. At first fearful of allowing
the soldiers to enter Salt Lake Valley, the Mormon
leaders finally consented to permit them to come in
without resistance, upon condition that their com-
manders pledge the security of the life and property
of the people. This both Governor Cumming and
General Johnston did. The outcome was unsatisfac-
tory to Brigham Young and his colleagues, because
in their minds no necessity existed for the presence
of an armed force in Utah, while for the army the
occupation meant a mere empty triumph of their
policy.
So strong was the distrust of the Utah leaders for
the army that they resolved not to leave them any
opportunity for depredation. Accordingly, Brigham
Young directed all the people north of Utah County
to leave their homes and proceed southward. At the
same time, he perfected measures whereby sufficient
men were left in Salt Lake to set fire to all the houses
and chop down all the trees upon the first sign of dis-
order by the invaders. Thus began the famous
less] THE ECHO CANYON WAR. 133
"Move" in which Lehi was destined to play so prom-
inent a part.
The spring of 1858 found 30,000 people migrating
southward. Day after day the citizens of Lehi saw
them pass through their borders, a continuous stream
along the State Road, from daylight till dark. A
striking picture was this exodus, one long to be re-
membered— covered wagons laden with all manner
of household goods; hand carts; men and women
mounted on horses or mules ; far more of them walk-
ing, often barefoot ; cattle, sheep and pigs, singly and
in herds ; all manner of freak conveyances ; no end of
confusion, and not a little suffering and sorrow. Added
to all the rest was the almost incessant rain which
fell during that spring.*
The people of Lehi responded nobly in assisting
their unfortunate visitors. Men who could, furnished
teams and wagons to help in the transporting of their
neighbors from the north. Every home in the little
city was thrown open, and each room filled to its ca-
pacity; even the Meeting House was placed at the dis-
posal of the refugees. When all available room had
been occupied, the men built cabins against the fort
wall, and even made dugouts on the vacant lots in the
city. But the hardest problem was to provide food
for this excessive number. The foodstuffs from the
previous crops were brought into requisition, and up-
on the advice of Bishop Evans many of the people
raised vegetables.
*The relief expedition to Salmon River was fitted out dur-
ing- the course of the Echo Canyon War and returned during the
"Move."
134
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1858
John Zimmerman casts an interesting sidelight up-
on these stirring times :
"During the spring months I kept a team on the
road hauling people from the north into Utah Valley.
I would make one trip and William Southwick the
next. We went to the
General Tithing Office
in Salt Lake City, where
the brethren in charge
gave us a load of people
and their belongings,
which we brought to
Utah County and left in
whatever town they
wished to stop. We
continued in this way
until the last family was
moved. Between these
trips we planted our
crops, although we
scarcely had hopes of
ever harvesting them.
john Zimmerman and wife. «t we\i remember the
bishop counseling us to raise potatoes, and it would
have been better for me if I had followed his advice.
I had six or seven acres of land which I intended
planting in corn, but I gave different men parts of it
until there remained but one acre and a half. In this
small piece I planted corn which came up nicely, grew
rapidly, and gave promise of a bounteous harvest.
But early in July a severe frost came and utterly de-
stroyed it. Not so with the potatoes; the frost did no
1858] THE ECHO CANYON WAR. 135
further damage than to set them back a little, and
when the harvest came, the potato crop was a
bumper. I have never seen larger or better potatoes
than those raised that season."
PEACE COMMISSIONERS IN LEHI.
After the people had migrated south, negotiations
continued between Brigham Young and the Federal
officials who had been sent out. At first they bore
no fruit, but finally two additional commissioners ar-
rived from the East, met Brigham Young at Salt
Lake City, and after holding a meeting in Provo,
came to Lehi on June 17. These men were Gover-
nor L. W. Powell, of Kentucky, and Major Ben Mc-
Cullough of Texas. They called an open-air mass
meeting near Bishop Evans' residence, and ad-
dressed the gathering in the hope of conciliating them.
They promised that the people should not be mo-
lested by the army, in fact that it should be quartered
a reasonable distance from their homes; they affirmed
that full amnesty had been granted by the President
of the United States for whatever fancied wrongs the
people of the Territory had committed; and finally
they promised that all difficulties should be amicably
settled. Their pleas were not in vain. Their auditors
took them at their word and accepted the proposals
of peace. The meeting was followed by great enthu-
siasm and no less intense gratitude that the affair
should have so fortunate a termination. The next
two months — July and August — saw all the people
back in their homes, and the danger of any further
conflict averted.
136 HISTORY OF LEHI. [isss
CAMP FLOYD.
General Johnston's troops passed through Salt Lake
City on June 26, and assumed permanent quarters im-
mediately afterward at Camp Floyd in Cedar Valley,
eighteen miles west of Lehi. Their near proximity
to the town had a most salutary effect upon it. The
shrewd farmers of Lehi were not slow to sense the
market for their food products which the garrison fur-
nished. Immediately there sprang up a brisk trade
with the soldiers in grains, vegetables, eggs, dairy
products, squash pies, and fodder. Two dollars were
often paid for a bushel of grain or potatoes, and hay
and straw readily sold for twenty-five or thirty dol-
lars a ton. For the people, Thomas Taylor acted as
agent in these commercial transactions with the
soldiers, and in this way began his career as a mer-
chant. John Zimmerman invested the first profit
from his grain in a threshing machine, and with this
was able to take several contracts with the soldiers
to furnish grain. In addition to the purchase of food-
stuffs, the camp was profitable to Lehi because it fur-
nished employment for many of its laborers. Wood
must be cut in the canyons, hauled to Camp Floyd,
and corded for firewood. The new quarters must be
erected, so carpenters were in demand. Adobe-mak-
ing also proved to be a profitable occupation, since
many of the barracks were constructed from this ma-
terial. In payment for their goods and their work,
the people received many needed articles which the
soldiers were able to supply. Horses, mules, har-
nesses, wagons, and other equipment and implements
THE ECHO CANYON WAR.
137
soon passed from Camp Floyd to the city and found
immediate and profitable use.
This trade continued until July, 1861, when, by
order from Washington, Camp Floyd was abandoned
and the equipment sold. It is estimated that $400,-
000.00 worth of government stores were purchased
by people in the Territory at a valuation not to ex-
ceed three per cent. Part of this, Lehi men secured.
Notable among these
newly acquired things
were the large wagon
boxes which came to be
used as bins for storing
grain ; the soldiers' over-
coats with capes which
were worn extensively;
the wide-strapped gov-
ernment harness ; and
cannon balls which John
Zimmerman utilized for
casting machinery. John
C. Nagle purchased the
fort building for seven-
ty-five dollars, and the
wood was sufficient to
last the city for building
purposes for some years.
On the whole, the Echo Canyon war proved to be a
benefit to Lehi rather than a detriment. While grave
apprehension existed at first as to the effect of such an
invasion, later events proved that it was ground-
less. Aside from the temporary inconvenience of af-
JOHN C. NAGLE.
138 HISTORY OF LEHI. [isss-isei
fording shelter to the unfortunates who came in the
"Move" — which to the kindhearted people of Lehi
was truly a labor of love — the city suffered no appre-
ciable ill effects from the so-called war. Furthermore,
the establishment of Camp Floyd benefited Lehi more
than any other town in the Territory. It furnished
countless badly needed articles and offered an excel-
lent market for the disposal of surplus products of the
farm. Whatever punishment, therefore, was contem-
plated in the sending of an army to Utah, resulted, at
least in so far as Lehi was concerned, not in harm, but
in immense good.
CHAPTER XL
Church Immigration.
THE year 1860 saw the arrival of the last hand cart
companies in Utah. Henceforth immigrants came
in trains of "prairie schooners" drawn by oxen. To
assist this trans-continental travel, Brigham Young
began the practice of sending expeditions out from
Utah, fully equipped, to transport numbers of the
waiting immigrants from Florence, Nebraska, which
was the starting point of Church migration, over the
plains to the Rockies. It grew to be a common prac-
tice for men to be called from the different towns in
Utah to accompany these trains ; indeed, it was gener-
ally regarded as missionary work. During a period of
eight or nine years, until 1868, Lehi furnished her
share of men and equipment for the carrying out of
this plan. Each summer a little company from the
settlement, which itself had only been established ten
years, set out for the Missouri to assist others in their
journey west. Those who remained at home helped
the expedition by furnishing provisions and adding to
the equipment of the outfit. Above all others, John R.
Murdock was active in this work. He made five dif-
ferent trips to the *East as captain of immigration
trains, and assisted hundreds of men and women to
reach Utah.
140 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i86i
FIRST EXPEDITION.
The first of these immigration expeditions in which
Lehi men participated set out in April, 1861. It con-
sisted of two hundred wagons with four yoke of oxen
to each wagon, and a cargo of fifty thousand pounds
of flour. At night the wagons were placed in a circle,
thus forming an enclosure for the cattle. After each
stop the drivers had the not inconsiderable task of
selecting their eight oxen from* the herd and hitching
them to the wagon before a start could be made. On
the return trip, eight to twelve persons were assigned
to each wagon. Some of them walked and some rode,
but the driver walked always.
On this journey John R. Murdock was captain of
one of the four companies into which the whole expe-
dition was divided. Thomas Karren, 'George McCon-
nell. John E. Ross, Martin B. Bushman, and Albert
Goodwin constituted Lehi's quota to the personnel of
the party, in addition to which the city furnished five
wagons, forty oxen, and five thousand pounds of flour.
Captain Murdock's company arrived in Salt Lake City
September 12, 1861, having made the whole journey
in four and one-half months.
CROSSING THE PLAINS.
In continuance of the policy begun the year before,
the Church sent, in May, 1862. 262 wagons, 293 men,
2,800 oxen, and 143,315 pounds of flour to the Mis-
souri River to assist poor immigrants in their trip to
Utah. Lehi sent the following men this summer:
John R. Murdock, captain ; John Woodhouse, commis-
sary; Edwin Standring. Joseph Ashton, Peter Brown,
1862]
CHURCH IMMIGRATION.
141
George Murdock, John Bushman, and Daniel W.
Thomas. With the company was also Newal A. Brown,
who was on his way east to buy merchandise for John
C. Nagle. An interesting account of this journey is
given by John Woodhouse :
"The year 1862 is known as the high water year,
and it was with diffi-
culty that we could
make our way through
the mountains on ac-
count of the deep snow.
In some places it was
necessary to take the
wagons apart and carry
them along the moun-
tain side to avoid the
heavy drifts in the bot-
tom of the canyons.
"About May 1 we
started, and made our
way up Emigration
Canyon, where Daniel
W. Thomas overturned
his wagon in trying to
get through a snow bank. At Yellow Creek the water
was overflowing the banks, and it entirely surrounded
the bridge. When one-half of the company had
crossed over, the road had become so cut up that it
was impossible to reach the bridge. Having obtained
permission to tear down a log stable near by, we de-
cided with the logs obtained from it to build a bridge
farther up the creek, where the banks were steeper.
EDWIN STANDRING.
142
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1862
We found, however, that the logs were too short to
span the creek, and we were about to abandon the
project when I suggested the splicing of two logs to-
gether with our log chains. Everyone ridiculed the
idea at first, but it was found to be practicable when
we tried it. According-
ly, we built the bridge
successfully and passed
over in safety.
"The water at Ham's
Fork was overflowing
the banks and submerg-
ing the bridge, which as
a result was in danger
of being washed away.
After fastening it with
chains, we succeeded in
getting our wagons over
by hand and swimming
our animals across the
stream. It took us two
and one-half days to get
our train completely
across. An immigrant train, bound for the west, was
camped on the east bank of the river, and some of
the men had watched us work. As we were leaving,
one of them said, 'Well, boys, you beat all I've ever
seen to cross rivers. If you will take our outfits over,
we will pay you ten dollars per wagon.' The young
man ahead of me replied, 'No, by h — , we don't work
like this for money.'
"We found Green River much swollen, and the
WILLIAM BALL,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
1862] CHURCH IMMIGRATION. 143
valley flooded with water, especially on the east side.
We ferried the wagons over, and after several at-
tempts, succeeded in swimming the cattle across.
"At the Sandy we saw the place where Captain
Lot Smith had burned the government trains during
the 'Utah War.' The circle was markd by bits of
burned wood, pieces of iron, and other debris. As I
gazed upon the spot, a verse of an old song drifted
into my mind:
" 'We'll hang each man that's got two wives,
We've got the ropes right handy,
That is to say, we had, you know;
But Smith burned 'em, out on Sandy.'
"We arrived in Florence July 9, and remained there
until the 24th of the month, which gave our cattle a
much-needed rest. Our allotment of immigrants was
about seven hundred, which, with the supply of ba-
con, groceries, and a quantity of freight, made up the
loads for the homeward journey. I had seventeen
immigrants and three tents to my wagon. As the
captain desired me to deal out provisions, we made
an inventory and agreed on rations. The first eve-
ning I distributed flour, bacon, sugar, tea, coffee and
rice, according to the number in each family. Then
I appointed a day for dealing out flour, another day
for bacon, and another for groceries. This plan
worked very well, and did not hinder us from travel-
ing at a fairly good speed.*
*Woodhouse was continually bothered by the ignorance of
many of the foreign immigrants in regard to frontier life. One
of their greatest difficulties was in making a fire. To avoid this
trouble, Woodhouse finally explained the proper way of build-
144 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1863
"We left Florence, July 24, and arrived in Salt Lake
City, September 27, 1862, the second Church train of
the season."
FURTHER AID TO IMMIGRATION.
The following letter from the Presiding Bishop's
Office to Bishop Evans reflects the spirit of the times,
and is self-explanatory :
Bishop David Evans, Lehi, Utah.
Dear Brother: In view of the increasing anxiety of our lead-
ers to assist the poor from the Old and New Worlds, coupled
with the warmest desire to get them here, we are prompted to
make an extra effort this year to bring them hither; and to carry
out such design, we will be obliged to fit out and equip at least
five hundred teams to bring them from Florence.
In proportioning these teams among the Territorial wards,
your ward will be expected to furnish eight ox or mule teams
(four or six mules or four yoke of oxen to each team) an equal
number of good and trusty teamsters, and one mounted guard,
armed and equipped for a four or five months' journey, with
clothing, provisions, ammunition, ferriage means, ox or mule
shoes, spades, axes, picks, ropes, augers, saws, etc., for down and
back trips, without the expectation of receiving any assistance
from any other source.
As sacks and sacking are scarce, you will have to make boxes
to put the flour in, for the poor on the road. Each team will be
expected to have sufficient boxes to carry at least one thousand
pounds of flour for this purpose.
The flour and grain must be brought to this city, and a full
and detailed report made to us of the amount of flour for the
poor, number of teams, etc., so that a settlement can be made
with you after their return in the fall.
ing a camp fire to an Englishman, telling him that he must avoid
green wood, that when branches had leaves on they would not
do, they were too green to burn. The Englishman gravely said:
"Well, I can soon pull them bits of things off."
1863]
CHURCH IMMIGRATION.
14;
The teams are expected to leave this city about the 25th of
April next, and will have to be such as will bear inspection be-
fore starting.
The captain assigned to take charge of your teams is Peter
Nebeker, of Mill Creek, this county, who will as soon as possible
put himself in communication with you.
Your Brethren in the Gospel, Edward Hunter,
L. W. Hardy,
J. C. Little.
In response to this call, the following Lehi men
made the trip in Captain Nebeker's company: Wil-
liam Bone, Jno. W. Wing,
Jacob Cox, Byron W.
Brown, Squire Rey-
nolds, Heber Oakey and
Henry Wedge. John R.
Murdock was in com-
mand of another Church
train this year, and Dan-
iel W. Thomas accom-
panied him as teamster.
The trip to Florence and
return was made with-
out any unusual difficul-
ty. Only one aeath oc-
curred, and that was by
lightning. Captain Neb-
eker's company reached
Salt Lake City Septem- thomas r. jones.
ber 25, 1863.
LATER IMMIGRATION EXPEDITIONS.
Owing to the Civil War and the consequent light
immigration, only a few Church trains left Utah in
li
146
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1864-1866
1864. William Ball, William L. Hutchings, Gideon
Murdock and Jack Ewing were the only men from
Lehi to go east this year.
At this point it might be an interesting digression
to note practically the only effect the Civil War had
upon the life of the community. The conflict had
caused the depreciation
of paper to a great ex-
tent. Greenbacks were
negotiable at only half
their value. In recogni-
tion of this, the City
Council this year passed
an ordinance which dou-
bled the toll rates on
the Jordan River bridge.
Thomas R. Jones, Al-
fred Fox, Thomas F.
Trane, John Worlton,
Xels Downs, William
Simmonds, Christian
Nelson, and James Daw-
son made up the contin-
gent in the Church
trains of 1866. Their journey was marred only by the
theft of a hundred oxen, which the Indians succeeded
in driving off. Upon receipt of the news of this loss,
which came by overland telegraph, Brigham Young
sent out a relief expedition to meet the party. Newal
A. Brown accompanied this latter company. With
the assistance thus obtained, the westbound train ar-
rived safely, and in about the usual time.
PAULINAS H. ALLRED.
1868] CHURCH IMMIGRATION. 147
The last Church immigration trains left Utah in
the spring of 1868, as after that year it was possible
to come by rail to Ogden. Accompanying the expe-
dition this time were Paulinas H. Allred, Thomas
Fowler, Joseph Evans, Benjamin S. Lott, George
Zimmerman, John Peterson, and Joseph W. Goates.
John R. Murdock, as usual, had charge of a company
of fifty wagons.*
Such is the extent of the assistance the little town
of Lehi was able to give its neighbors. It had been
established but fifteen years, and its people had been
compelled to undergo hardships and privations of the
most severe nature. Any aid rendered to the outside
was done only at a tremendous sacrifice. In spite of
all these difficulties, it is safe to say that no town in
the whole Territory rendered more effective succor
to needy immigrants than did Lehi. It is a record
of which the city can well be proud.
*This company encountered the Union Pacific Railway which
was then being built westward. Some of the men had never
seen a locomotive before. Among this number was Paulinas H.
Allred, who, upon first sight of the steel monster, stood fixed
with amazement. A railroad man, seeing his wonderment,
thought to ridicule him and said, "Where were you raised that
you have never seen a railroad?" "Sir," said Allred, "I was al-
ways ahead of them."
CHAPTER XII.
Growth of the Community.
IN history the things of most permanent value are
generally accomplished with the least display of
pomp and ostentation. It is quiet, commonplace
things which have done most to advance the race in
civilization. Always the warrior has been a fascinat-
ing figure and the laborer ordinary and uninteresting,
yet nations have been infinitely more benefited by the
effective work of the toilers than by the carnage and
destruction of the man of arms. The growth of our
own country has been due to the character of its citi-
zens as expressed in economic and political life far
more than to that character expressed in the clash of
weapons. In terms of ultimate value, the most or-
dinary things are often also the most important.
What is true of race and nation applies with equal
correctness to the city. Hence the growth of Lehi
is a result, not so much of the spectacular incidents,
as of the ordinary commonplace, uninteresting — yet,
withal, effective and valuable — events in the life of
its people.
The decade between 1859 and 1869 is a period of
rapid growth in the life of the city on Dry Creek.
Developing from a little settlement, Lehi assumed
during this time the aspect of a town. No remark-
able events occurred; nothing wonderful happened;
1858]
GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY.
149
the consistent, unceasing work of the people was re-
sponsible for the advance. True it is that a variety
of other things must receive mention during this
period; but in their narration the real cause of de-
velopment— the unrelenting toil of the men and
women of Lehi — must be kept in mind.
MULLINER'S MILL.
When conditions had become practically normal
again, in 1858, Samuel Mulliner set in operation the
grist mill which he had
been constructing the
last two years. When
completed, it was one of
the best in the Terri-
tory. Previously the
farmers had taken their
grain to the mouth of
American Fork Canyon
or to Salt Lake County.
The miller was Elisha
H. Davis ; he had previ-
ously lived in Lehi and
been a member of the
City Council, but had
moved away ; now at the
request of Mulliner he
returned to operate the
newly erected mill. This
present site of the sugar factory, the "Mill Pond" hav-
ing been built for furnishing power. The mill con-
SAMUEL MULLI>,ER.
structure stood near the
150 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1859
tinued in operation until the site was sold by Thad-
deus Powell to the Utah Sugar Company.
FOURTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
On account of the unsettled condition of affairs in-
cident to the Echo Canyon War, no election had been
held in 1858. The previous city officials continued to
serve until an election could be observed, namely,
Monday, February 14, 1859. On this date, with the
Tithing Office as the scene of the election and with
Ezekiel Hopkins, William Hyde, and William Foth-
eringham as judges and Thomas Taylor as clerk, the
people chose the following men to be their civic lead-
ers: Mayor, David Evans; Aldermen, Lorenzo H.
Hatch, Israel Evans, James Taylor and Alfred Bell;
Councilors, Abel Evans, Canute Peterson, Thomas
Ashton, Thomas Karren, Daniel S. Thomas, Alonzo
P. Ravmond, William W. Taylor, John W. Norton,
and William S. S. Willes.
The new coterie of officers made these appoint-
ments: Recorder, Thomas Taylor; Marshal, Alonzo
D. Rhodes; Treasurer and Supervisor, Canute Peter-
son; Sealer of Weights and Measures, James Har-
wood ; Water Master, Thomas Ashton ; Constables,
James Harwood and John Zimmerman; School Trus-
tees, Daniel S. Thomas, Thomas Karren, and John
W. Norton; Examiners, Thomas Taylor, Alfred Bell,
and David Taylor; Field Committee, Israel Evans,
Canute Peterson, and Alonzo P. Raymond.
The last named committee was one of that exten-
sive system of offices which the early city fathers
deemed essential to the successful maintenance of the
(• -
~i
;-^v
pi
m
&
4^
0
^V;
w
h^j
R
m
r-1
H :
-1
<*!
-H
-',)
„: ^>
'ans
v! ^
[}rt
V >v
,iii
v !
M
V' •
;lii
re
s
Pi
m
\i %
G)
s
152 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i859
government. Like all the others, its members served
without remuneration. Concerning it, the following
preamble and resolution, passed by the fourth City
Council soon after its installation in office, is both
enlightening and interesting:
A Preamble and Resolution in relation to the Big Field and
Fence in Lehi City.
Whereas: Through a report made to this City Council by
a committee appointed for this purpose, it appears that there are
one thousand seven hundred and thirty-one rods of fence around
the said Big Field, and that some of said fence is good, some
is down, and some needs repair, all of which needs the attention
of the citizens of this City to make the lands therein enclosed
available to the owners for the purposes intended. And
Whereas: The said committee also reports that there are
lands enclosed in the said field to the value of $17,310.00, belong-
ing to individuals and under the control of this City Council.
Therefore, be it
Resolved by the City Council of the City of Lehi: That it is
the privilege, and is hereby made the duty of the said Field Com-
mittee, to measure off to each individual holding land in said
field, a lot of fence equal in length to value of his or her lands
in dollars and cents, and in a principle of equity and justice as
near as may be according to the judgment of said committee.
Resolved: That it shall be the duty of each person holding
or claiming land in said field, at any time when called upon
by said committee, to furnish and cause to be set, according to
the directions of said committee, a stake with the owner of said
fence written legibly thereon, to be eighteen inches in the ground
and twelve inches above, squaring at least two inches at the top,
at the end of his or her fence, thus allotted by said committee.
Resolved: That when a lot or parcel of fence is awarded to
any person by said committee, it shall be and is hereby made the
duty of such person or persons, to see that such fence is in good
repair and ever after keep the same in good repair, according
to the order of the City Council or this committee.
Resolved: That it shall hereafter be the duty of any person
1859] GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY. 153
or persons conveying or in any way transferring lands or fence
in or around said field, to stake as before provided and report
the same to the Field Committee, that a true record of such
transfers may be kept.
Resolved further: That any person violating any of the fore-
going resolutions shall be liable to a fine in any sum not exceed-
ing one hundred dollars for every such violation or neglect of
duty, also liable to all damages that may be sustained by such
violation or neglect.
These resolutions to be in force from and after their pub-
lication.
Published February 21, 1859.
INTRODUCTION OF ALFALFA.
The first alfalfa seed was brought to Lehi by Isaac
Goodwin. A member of Captain Samuel Brannan's
company, he sailed in the "Brooklyn"' around Cape
Horn and landed in California, in 1846. With others,
he was working on the mill race at Sutter's Mill when
gold was discovered, resulting in the mad rush to the
Golden Gate from all parts of the world. Goodwin
arrived in Lehi from the Pacific Coast in February,
1859, bringing with him a little of the precious alfalfa
seed. At first he remained at Cold Springs, on the
west side of the Jordan River, but later he moved into
the city, locating permanently on the southeast cor-
ner of Fourth West and Main.
In the spring of 1860, Goodwin planted the first
alfalfa seed that Utah soil had known. From his
seeds only seven plants sprouted. These he nour-
ished tenderly until they yielded him more. This in
turn he planted the following spring, caring for it
with all possible patience. Continuing this process
for a number of years, and cleaning the husks from
154
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[I860
the seeds by means of a coffee grinder, he was able
at last to sell a little seed to his neighbors for one
dollar a pound, which, indeed, scarce paid for the
cleaning.* In a few years the seed had become quite
generally distributed, and lucern has now become the
staple forage crop of the west. Paulinas H. Allred, *in
1867, put up the first stack of lucern hay in Lehi.
WORK ON THE POINT OF THE MOUNTAIN.
Up to 1860 the road at
JAMES Q. POWELL.
fun is irrepressible. No
the Point of the Mountain
had been excessively
steep and difficult of
travel. Higher up on the
hill than at present, it
presented a serious in-
convenience to travelers
on the State Road. To
allay this difficulty,
Brigham Young re-
quested the towns in the
north end of Utah Coun-
ty to assist him in re-
pairing the road. Sixty-
one men responded from
Lehi, and performed al-
together two hundred
seventy days of work.
The Yankee spirit of
matter what the time or
*On one occasion a neighbor, while watching Goodwin clean
this alfalfa seed, picked up a pinch of it. "Put it down," imme-
diately said the latter, "I would as willingly give you so much
gold dust."
1860]
GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY.
155
place, your real American loves a good joke. Of this
company at work at the Point of the Mountain, this
was indeed true. One would think that the sobering
effect of hardship and trouble would have completely
banished any desire for humor in the pioneers of
Lehi ; but such was far from being the case — there
was an exceptionally large number of mischief makers
here.
One evening a crowd of the younger men disguised
themselves as Indians
and sent two of their
complotters into the
camp of the older men.
Joining them at the
camp fire, they adroitly
steered the conversation
around to the Indians.
In turn they related in-
cidents of ever increas-
ing horror, until they
reached the story of an
Indian massacre which
had occurred on the
very spot where the
camp was pitched. This
narration lacked no em-
bellishment of gruesome
detail and blood-curdling description. Finally one of
the young men asked what the others would do in
case of a repetition of the alleged Indian attack.
Bravely the elders announced that it would unques-
tionably be the proper thing to hold one's ground, to
WILLIAM DAWSON.
156 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i86i
fight, — any other course would be inconceivable.
Suddenly a fearful noise was heard near by ; it ap-
proached the fire with wonderful rapidity; the din
grew ever louder until the hair-raising Indian war
whoop could be only too clearly distinguished. It
needed but a single glimpse to verify what had been
heard — there in all their war paint was a band of In-
dians, hostile, bloodthirsty, menacing. Instantly the
veterans forgot their recent advice and with reckless
haste fled in all directions from the fire. One even
ran into Lehi — a good six miles — and in his awful
fright told the people that the whole company had
been massacred by the red men and that he was the
sole survivor. Some of the citizens were consider-
ably agitated, but when the news reached Bishop
Evans, he — shrewd Yankee that he was — inquired the
names of the party from Lehi, and upon mention of
a few of the worst jokers, he knew that the supposed
massacre was solved.
FIFTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
February 11, 1861, was the date of the fifth-election
in Lehi. The result follows : Mayor, John R. Mur-
dock ; Aldermen, James W. Taylor, William Snow,
John W. Norton, and William Fotheringham ; Coun-
cilors, Thomas Ashton, William S. S. Willes, John C.
Nagle, John Zimmerman, Henry Norton, J. B. Martin,
Hugh Hilton, William Clark, and Abraham Losee.
The council entered upon its duties February 27,
and appointed Joseph J. H. Colledge as Recorder.
Later it made the remaining appointments : Marshal,
John S. Lott; Assessor and Collector, James Har-
GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY.
157
wood; Treasurer, Abram Hatch; Water Master,
Thomas Ashton; Supervisor, John Zimmerman;
Pound Keeper, William Clark; Sealer of Weights and
Measures, William S. S. Willes ; Superintendent of
Lost and Found, Stephen H. Pierce; Field Commit
tee, Charles Partridge,
Thomas Karren, and
George Coleman; Build-
ing Committee, Thomas
Ashton, William S. S.
Willes, and John Wr. Nor-
ton ; Examiners, Abram
Hatch, James W. Taylor,
and William Fothering-
ham; Sexton, John W.
Norton; Captain of Po-
lice, James Wiley Nor-
ton.
Various changes in
this list of officers were
made to meet condi-
tions. Alderman James
W. Taylor acted as
Mayor pro tempore dur-
ing the summer months while Mayor John R. Mur-
dock was absent assisting Church immigrant trains
from the Missouri to Utah. On April 27, Councilor
William Clark was promoted to the office of Alder-
man to fill a vacancy left by William Fotheringham,
who had gone on a mission to Africa. Paulinas H.
Allred took Clark's vacated place. William Snow
assumed William Fotheringham's duties on the Board
JOHN R. MURDOCK
Third Mayor of Lehi,
1861-1863.
158
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1861
of Examiners. Charles Barnes succeeded Stephen H.
Pierce as Superintendent of Lost and Found, the lat-
ter having vacated the office because of infirmity.
William Goates was made a Councilor, on November
10, to succeed Hugh Hilton, who had gone on a
mission.
Upon assuming the reins of government, the fifth
City Council determined to make an investigation of
all property owned by the municipality. The com-
mittee on revenue, after making a most painstaking
inquiry, reported through its chairman, John C. Na-
RESIDENCE OF DAVID EVANS.
gle, that the city's wealth consisted of three small
drums and one large one, and stated further that all
stood very much in need of repair.
On April 27, 1861, the council received a numer-
ously signed petition asking that the city be enlarged.
This unmistakable sign of growth occasioned much
discussion. For one, Bishop Evans seriously objected
1861] GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY. 159
to any such extension of the city, giving as his reason
the lack of water in Dry Creek to supply any consid-
erable addition to the population of Lehi. Finally,
however, all objections were satisfactorily adjusted,
and the City Council ordered that a tier of blocks be
surveyed around the wall. These did not supply the
unexpected demand for building lots, so a tier each
on the north and south was subsequently surveyed
and sold to home builders.
In the spring of 1861 there came to Lehi another
plague, although this time it was far less menacing
than the grasshoppers. The pest now took the form
of blackbirds which did considerable damage to the
farmers in the Big Field. The City Council estab-
lished a fund and arranged shooting contests to put
an end to these marauders. Their efforts were highly
successful and the blackbirds soon ceased to bother.
FIRST TANNERY.
Early in 1862, David Evans and Canute Peterson
built a small tannery near the north-east corner of
Third North and Second West. Jonas Holdsworth, a
tanner who had learned his trade in England, was the
first workman in the little establishment. He had
brought some of his tools with him across the Atlantic
and had others made here. By aid of tan bark from
the surrounding mountains, Holdsworth succeeded in
making a quality of upper, sole, and harness leather
that was exceedingly useful to the people of the city.
The tannery closed in 1870.
SIXTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The Legislative Assembly of the Territory, in Jan-
160
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1863
nary, 1863, had reduced the offices of Territorial mu-
nicipalities to a mayor, two aldermen, and two coun-
cilors. Accordingly, the ticket for the election held
February 16, 1863, contained this lessened number of
names. The following candidates were successful :
Mayor, Lorenzo H. Hatch; Aldermen, Isaac Goodwin
and William H. Winn;
Councilors, Canute Pet-
erson, Thomas Ashton,
and Charles D. Evans.
Dissimilar to the elec-
tive offices, the appoint-
ive offices were not les-
sened, but rather in-
creased. Qualifying for
office on February 18 in
the council chamber,
which at that time was
the upper room of the
Meeting House, the
sixth City Council made
the following appoint-
ments : Recorder, Joseph
J. H. Colledge ; Marshal,
Abel Evans ; Treasurer,
Canute Peterson; Water Master, Thomas Ashton;
Supervisor, John Zimmerman ; Pound Keeper, Wil-
liam Clark; Sexton, John W. Norton; Sealer of
Weights and Measures, William S. S. Wrilles ; Field
Committee, John Zimmerman, John R. Murdock,
Abram Hatch, Thomas Karren, Sen., and Thomas R.
Davis. Later appointments were : Examiners, David
LORENZO H. HATCH,
Fourth Mayor of Lehi, 1863.
1863] GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY. 161
Evans, Abram Hatch, and Israel Evans; Captain of
Police, William Southwick; Policemen, Isaac Chilton,
James T. Powell, Swen Jacobs, John Jacobs, Robert
Dunn, Samuel Briggs, William Evans, Jacob Bush-
man, William Gurney, and Suel Lamb.
Mayor Hatch's tenure of office lasted only a month,
for on March 18 he moved to Cache County. He was
succeeded by Alderman Isaac Goodwin whose va-
cancy in turn was filled through the promotion of
Councilor Canute Peterson. Israel Evans was then
selected as a Councilor. In place of William S. S.
Willes, who had accepted a call for a mission to Eng-
land, Joseph J. Smith became Sealer of Weights and
Measures.
Not to be outdone by their predecessors, the sixth
City Council also created a new appointive office.
This took the name of Inspector of Wood and Lum-
ber, John W. Norton being the first man who per-
formed its functions and received its limited emolu-
ments. His duties are set forth in the following or-
dinance :
An Ordinance Defining the Duties and Regulating the Fees
of the Inspector of Wood and Lumber.
Section 1. Be it ordained by the City Council of the City of
Lehi that there shall be an Inspector of Wood and Lumber who
shall, before entering upon the duties of his office, take an oath
and give bonds in the penal sum of one hundred dollars, con-
ditioned for the faithful performance of the duties thereof, which
bond shall be approved by, and filed with, the City Recorder.
Section 2. Be it further ordained that it shall be the duty of
the Inspector of Wood and Lumber to inspect and measure all
wood and lumber, when called upon by any person within the
City of Lehi.
Section 3. And be it further ordained that said Inspector
162
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1864
shall receive 20 cents per hundred feet for measuring and in-
specting wood.
Section 4. This ordinance to be in effect from and after its
publication.
Passed January 23, 1864. Published January 25, 1864.
Daniel S. Thomas, Canute Peterson, and Thomas
Karren, the school trustees, were completing the
THURMAN SCHOOL HOUSE.
Thurman School House at this time, and finding their
funds scarce, they petitioned the City Council, March
25, to lend them the surplus wheat in the city treasury.
After investigating the condition of the municipal
treasury, the council loaned the trustees thirty bushels
of wheat. With this assistance, the trustees were
able to bring the school house to such a stage of com-
1864] GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY. 163
pletion that the City Council could hold its meetings
there. The first session in the Thurman School
House was held January 2, 1864. This now made
four places available for such meetings, the log school
house (the first home of the -council), the Tithing
Office, the upper room in the Meeting House, and the
Thurman Building.
MAIL COACH MASSACRE.
In the spring of 1863, Lehi was witness to one of
the most sombre events of her whole history. A num-
ber of soldiers from Fort Douglas, enjoying a vaca-
tion at Fort Crittenden, as Camp Floyd had later been
named, wounded two Indians and frightened the
squaws of a neighboring camp. It was all done in a
spirit of deviltry and without provocation, so the In-
dians swore revenge on "the men who wore the blue
coats," and unfortunately confused these with the
drivers of the mail coaches.
On Tuesday evening, June 9, a number of the, red
skins told Mrs. William Ball, who then lived at the
Jordan Bridge, and whose family was extremely
friendly with the Indians, that on the next day they
were going to kill the mail driver and "blue coats."
Mrs. Ball warned the driver, who was then on his way
to Fort Crittenden, but he could do nothing by way
of preparation.
The next day, June 10, George Kirkham, then a boy
of twelve, was herding cattle west of the Jordan,
about one mile north-west of the Cold Springs. See-
ing the mail coach come flying in the distance, his
curiosity was aroused, and he followed its course
164 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1863
closely. In a short time he could discern a number
of horsemen following the vehicle and then he could
see that they were Indians and were firing at it. Ever
faster they came, the driver making a great effort to
reach the road to the ford across the river, which was
about three miles below the bridge. He had cut
through the country in order to gain this haven, but
finally the savages turned him south, drove him into
high brush, and the speed of his horses was checked.
First his leaders fell and when a wheeler went down,
too, he dismounted and stood behind the other, firing
at his assailants as rapidly as possible. Finally both
he and his last horse were shot down, and the sole pas-
senger in the coach was murdered with him. The
driver's name was Wood Reynolds, and because of his
bravery the Indians cut his heart out and ate it, be-
lieving that some of his courage would in that way
pass to them. They then scalped both their victims
and mutilated their bodies terribly-.
In the meantime, Kirkham had run for the bridge,
and after delivering his horrible tidings there, had
gone on to Lehi and started a posse out for the scene
of blood. But it was too late. The Indians had de-
parted and nothing remained but to take the bodies
of the men on to Salt Lake City.
The next morning William Ball, who was returning
from Goshen, met this band of assassins, glorying in
their scalps and proudly displaying the bugle and
other property of the unfortunate men. Although a
squad of soldiers was dispatched from Fort Douglas
in search of the murderers, they were never appre-
hended.
1865] GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY. 165
SUGAR CANE.
In the early '60s arose an industry which for a time
was a very important factor in the life of the people.
This was the culture of sugar cane and the production
of molasses from it. Nearly all the farmers had fields
of cane, indeed most of the ground north-east of the
city was used for that purpose. To produce the mo-
lasses, a number of mills were installed, the largest
being on the present site of the Central School House ;
it was operated by water from Dry Creek. At that
time, the chief articles of food for children were bread
and molasses.
SEVENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The seventh election, observed February 13, 1865,
resulted in the holding over of all the city officers,
namely: Mayor, Isaac Goodwin; Aldermen, William
H. Winn and Canute Peterson; Councilors, Thomas
Ashton, Charles D. Evans, and Israel Evans. On the.
following 9th of March, the appointive offices were
filled: Marshal, Abel Evans; Treasurer, Canute Pet-
erson; Water Master, Thomas Ashton: Supervisor,
Paulinas H. Allred ; Sexton and Inspector of Wood
and Lumber, John W. Norton ; Sealer of Weights and
Measures, Joseph J. Smith; Field Committee, Israel
Evans, Chairman, Orrace Murdock, Thomas R. Davis,
Samuel Briggs, and Joseph J. Smith ; Examiners,
David Evans, Israel Evans, and William Fothering-
ham ; Policemen, Jacob Bushman, Captain, Isaac Chil-
ton, John Jacobs, William Gurney, James T. Powell,
Paulinas H. Allred, Thomas Karren, Jr., George
Davy, Samuel Taylor, and John Roberts.
166
HISTORY OF LEHI,
[1865
A few changes also occurred in this set of officers.
May 10, Suel Lamb received the appointment as Mar-
shal to succeed Abel Evans, who had gone to Wales
on a mission. On the same date John W. Norton
assumed the duties of
Councilor in place of
Charles D. Evans, who
had moved from the
city. The following De-
cember the Marshalship
was again vacated, this
time because Suel Lamb
took up his residence in
Cache County. Jacob
J^-^HJH Bushman now became
^^^^^^^^8PW Marshal and Isaac Chil-
V WL i ^B^ ton succeeded him as
\ ; ^L ^^^^ Chief of Police. Decem-
^^^^ ber 29. William Clark-
became a Councilor and
William S. S. Willes,
Sexton and Inspector of
Wood and Timber, to fill the vacancies resulting from
John W. Norton's removal from the city.
FREIGHTING.
About this time a number of citizens of Lehi found
it to their advantage to engage in the freighting busi-
ness to Montana. Carrying their farm produce to
the mining camps of that state, they found they could
sell at very profitable prices. For eggs they received
$1.25 a dozen, and for oats and flour 12 cents and 24
cents a pound respectively. In 1865 Abram Hatch
ISAAC GOODWIN,
Fifth Mayor of Lehi,
1863-1867; 1875-1877.
1867]
GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY.
167
sent two teams to Montana with Amasa Lyman and
Stephen Ross as teamsters. Jasper Rolf and Peter
Lott made the trip during the same season.
EIGHTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The following officers were elected at the city elec-
tion held February 11, 1867: Mayor, Israel Evans;
Aldermen, William H.
Winn and John Wood-
honse; Councilors, Wil-
liam Clark, William S.
S. Willes, and Oley El-
lingson. Some of the
appointments m a d e
were : Recorder, Joseph
J. H. Colledge; Marshal.
Joseph A. Thomas ; and
Treasurer, Oley Elling-
son. On account of the
loss of the records of
this council, it is impos-
sible to ascertain the re-
maining officers.
The most important
event occurring during
this administration was
the official listing of the land of Lehi. The Federal
Land Office allotted two days in which the owners of
land might file their claims, but through the liberality
of the Land Office officials, this time was extended to
two months. This gave everyone sufficient time to
insure their land titles. On behalf of the citizens of
ISRAEL EVANS,
Sixth Mayor of Lehi, 1867-1869.
168 HISTORY OF LEHI. nse?
Lehi, Mayor Israel Evans entered and filed the land
upon which the city was built, so that during the next
administration it was possible to issue deeds for city
lots.
BUILDING A HOUSE IN 1867.
One of the most interesting men who have lived in
Lehi is John Woodhouse. During a long and busy
life he has shown un-
usual skill and versatil-
ity and few men have
done more to help the
community than^ he.
Possessed of a remark-
ably retentive memory,
he has acquired a fund
of information on nu-
merous and various sub-
jects which he has often
found occasion to use
for the benefit of his fel-
lows. Although he has
served his city as law-
ver, doctor, merchant,
JOHN WOODHOUSE. , , • , ,
J lecturer, judge, and en-
tertainer, he still found time to follow the vocation
of farmer and tailor for the support of his family.
The following account of the erection of a house in
early days is from his pen, and aptly illustrates the
spirit of the times :
"I purchased a house and lot from Thomas Oakey
for which I paid $300.00 as follows : I let him have
some cattle, a wagon, a bed coverlet woven by Mother
186-] GROWTH OF THE COMMUNITY. 169
Thomas, and the balance in wheat at theTithingOffice
to apply on the Oakey family debt to the Perpetual
Emigration Fund. During the winter of 1866-1867,
most of the house fell down, as it had been built of
mud without a stone foundation, so I was compelled
to build a new one.
"For the benefit of our children, I shall relate how
I built a house sixteen feet wide by thirty-four feet
long and two stories high, practically without money
or credit.
"After the spring work was done on the farm, I
moved the family into a small granary, cleared the
debris of the old house away and hauled rock for the
foundation. Abraham Enough, the mason, was under
contract to make adobes for Robert Gilchrist, but
would rather lay rock if I could arrange with Gil-
christ. 'When I approached Gilchrist on the matter,
he was quite willing that Enough should work for
me, and I could pay him (Gilchrist) by making a pair
of pants each for himself and brother Niel ; thus I got
the foundations laid.
"I was considering the best way to get the adobes
for the walls, when my neighbor, Andrew F.Peterson,
proposed that if I would furnish the material and
make him a suit of clothes, he would make my adobes.
Making the clothes was a small matter, but to furnish
the material was a serious consideration; however, I
finally agreed to it. I sheared sheep and earned wool
from which my wife spun and wove cloth for two
suits of clothed. The one I paid Peterson for the
adobes, the other I gave to John Andreason for build-
ing the walls.
170 HISTORY OF LEHI. H867
"I procured window and door frames from John C.
Nagle which had come out of the buildings at Camp
Floyd. I hauled timber from the canyons and made
sleepers for floors and plates and stringers for the
roof. Several men who were owing me for work,
done the year previous and were now working at John
Zimmerman's saw mill in American Fork Canyon,
paid me in lumber and shingles. I also exchanged
work with Newal A. Brown by binding grain for him
in the forenoon and receiving his help in putting on
the roof in the afternoon when the grain was too dry
to bind.
"The shingle nails used were second hand ones
from Camp Floyd and cost 30 cents a pound, while
new nails cost 75 cents a pound. The lumber for
casings and upstairs floors I bought from Latimer &
Taylor, of Salt Lake City, paying $15.00 down and
promising to pay a fat pig to weigh about 200 pounds
at killing time for the balance. I procured the lum-
ber for the lower floors from Anthony Ivins, of Salt
Lake City, agreeing to pay in geese, at the rate of
one goose for fifty feet of lumber, the geese to be
delivered in time for Christmas dinner. I delivered
the geese on time, but I had to leave Lehi in a blind-
ing snow storm to do it. The nails used in the con-
struction of the building, were made by James W.
Taylor and cost two cents each in currency or one
cent in gold. I did my own lathing and exchanged
work with William Clark and John E. Ross for the
plastering. Thus we were able to "move into the
house and occupy it, although it was not entirely fin-
ished. Best of all, it had no encumbrance upon it."
CHAPTER XIII.
The Black Hawk War.
ALMOST twenty years had elapsed since the pio-
neers first essayed their fortune on the banks of
the great Inland Sea. The two decades had wit-
nessed many changes, both in the life of the settlers
themselves and in the conditions which confronted
them. Carrying out their colonization policy, they
had spread into all parts of the Territory, founding
little colonies on a basis of permanency and self-sup-
port. The southern and central parts of Utah, espe-
cially, had been the scene of numerous attempts at
establishing settlements, and in the main they were
successful. Thus there grew up San Pete, Sevier,
Piute. Iron, and Beaver counties. The colonists had
almost universally been at peace with the Indians.
Naturally, disagreements had arisen over various
matters, but with patience and forbearance they had
generally been adjusted without delay or trouble.
Still, the never-ceasing advance of the whites had
aroused the animosity of many of the Indians, so that
by 1865 it was a delicate matter to restrain them.
On April 9, 1865, in Manti, during the course of a
quarrel over some stolen cattle, John Lowry of that
place unceremoniously pulled a certain Chief Jake
172
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1865
from his horse, thereby seriously offending his dig-
nity and inciting the ire of his tribesmen. It needed
but this trifling cause to fan the subdued anger of the
Indians into flames. The same night the red men
raided the cattle and drove most of them off. Next
day they attacked a rescuing party and killed one of
its members. Thus began the Black Hawk War, so
named from the wily
chief who later assumed
the leadership of the
savages. The Territorial
militia was immediately
mustered into service,
and during the next
three summers, under
command of Daniel H.
Wells, it performed val-
uable service in protect-
ing the lives and prop-
erty of the southern
settlers.
As part of this citizen
soldiery, forty men from
Lehi participated in the
war. At different times
during 1866 and 1867,
they joined expeditions to the south and served in the
campaigns in San Pete and Sevier counties. At home
the utmost vigilance was observed; the town was con-
stantly under guard; the cattle and horses were
watched with unceasing care. As a result, Lehi's to-
tal loss in the Black Hawk War was a few horses.
GEORGE WILLIAM KIRKHAM,
A Pioneer of 1859.
1866]
THE BLACK HAWK WAR.
173
PRELIMINARY EXPEDITIONS.
The first company to leave Lehi was under com-
mand of Washburn Chipman, of American Fork, and
the date of its departure was March 3, 1866. To-
gether with a number of men from neighboring
towns, James Kirkham,
William Simmonds, Eli-
sha H. Davis, Jr., James
Lamb, and Henry Mal-
let made up this party.
The route lay through
Cedar Valley, Tintic
Valley and then south
to Cherry Creek. Dur-
ing the whole march,
the expedition never
once caught sight of an
Indian, although several
times they were in the
near proximity of skir-
mishes between the sav-
ages and other troops.
The company disbanded
in Lehi, March 22.
A second relief party was organized in the follow-
ing April to rescue some white men who had been
taken captive by Chief Tabby, in Strawberry Valley,
of whose condition the people of Lehi had learned
through Joseph Murdock of Heber. Under the com-
mand of Colonel Paulinas H. Allred, Samuel Taylor,
William Bone, Jr., John Bushman, Edward Cox, Wil-
liam Sparks, John Zimmerman, James Kirkham,
** 02*
»
,
'JR. J^
1
(Uyii
WILLIAM YATES.
174 HISTORY OF LEHI. usee
Elisha H. Davis, Jr., Edwin Goodwin, Daniel W.
Thomas, Henry Mallet, and Stephen Ross joined a like
number of men from American Fork and four from
Pleasant Grove, and proceeded to the mouth of Provo
Canyon, where they expected to be joined by rein-
forcements from Provo. Shortly before reaching
that place, however, a messenger from Heber met
them and informed them that through a bribe of a
number of cattle, the captives had been released. The
company immediately returned home, but held them-
selves in readiness for service at a moment's notice.*
FIRST COMPANY TO SAN PETE.
Abraham G. Conover organized in Provo, on May
1, the first company from Utah County which went
to the seat of war in San Pete. With this party were
James Lamb, Mathias Peterson, Thomas Fowler,
Robert Fox, and John Karren from Lehi. James
Lamb held the rank of sergeant, while Thomas Fow-
ler was captain of ten.
The service of the company consisted of guarding
*On the way to American Fork, a little incident happened to
the Lehi contingent which threatened to delay their rescue ex-
pedition temporarily. Besides their horses, the men brought a
number of pack animals. Among these was a wild mule, bor-
rowed by Henry Mallet from John C. Nagle, and loaded now
with frying pans, skillets and other cooking utensils. Disliking
the noise made by its pack, the beast determined to rid him-
self of it, so unexpectedly began a wild dash for liberty. The
whole party joined in pursuit. The chase was a merry one —
the mule in the lead with the din of the dishes worse than ever,
the men following at full speed close behind, and adding not a
little to the disturbance with their excited cries. But Fate was
against the descendant of Balaam's loquacious quadruped — all at
once it plunged head foremost in a deep mudhole, whence with
much difficulty the men extricated it.
1866] THE BLACK HAWK WAR. 175
the towns in San Pete and Sevier counties. They
accompanied a number of scouting and foraging expe-
ditions, and at one time went as far south as Circle
Valley. They were mustered out of service July 18.
SECOND COMPANY.
Came another call for men on June 12. In response,
William H. Winn was appointed captain of a com-
pany, John Zimmerman as his second lieutenant, Jas-
per Rolf as sergeant, and the following as privates :
Loren Olmstead, JoJm_Bu^hman, Henry Mallet, Ed-
win Goodwin, Samuel Taylor, Alfred Turner, and
William Bone, Jr. Their work was similar to that of
the first company — guarding the property of the
towns in San Pete and Sevier. Especially was this
company active around Fountain Green and Mount
Pleasant, although they made numerous expeditions
into the neighboring mountains. Accompanying-
General Dahiel H. Wells home, they disbanded Aug-
ust 13.
THIRD COMPANY.
The third expedition in which Lehi men served
was organized in Payson on July 3, with Jonathan S.
Page of that city as captain. Frank Molen acted as
sergeant, while George McConnell, Daniel W.
Thomas, Newal A. Brown, Joseph Ashton, William
Mathews, John E. Ross, and Thomas Karren, Jr.,
served as privates. Scouting in the mountains of San
Pete. Sevier and Piute counties made up the work
of this company. They were released from service
August 25.
176
HISTORY OF LEHI.
FOURTH COMPANY.
The last company of this year was formed in Amer-
ican Fork, August 7, Alva Green of that place acting
as captain. Stephen Ross, John W. Wing, John Rob-
erts, Jr., Jacob Cox, and David Pearce made up the
Lehi contingent. With Fountain Green as its head-
quarters, this company scouted throughout the whole
of San Pete Valley, with occasional trips into Sevier
County. Its members were discharged October 7.
FIFTH COMPANY.
The opening of spring, in 1867, saw hostilities be-
tween the Indians and whites break out with greater
ferocity than ever. Chief Black Hawk proved an ex-
tremely sagacious and wily foe, hard to apprehend,
and always striking at
unexpected places. It
was during this summer
that the hardest cam-
paign was waged against
him and that he was
practically subdued.
Under Orson P. Miles,
of Salt Lake City, a
number of Lehi men en-
listed April 22. They
were Daniel W.Thomas,
who acted now as sec-
ond lieutenant, Stephen
Ross, John Bushman,
William Bone, Jr., Geo.
McConnell, and Byron
W. Brown. It will be
FRANK MOLEN AND WIFE.
1867] THE BLACK HAWK WAR. 177
observed that all of these men except the last had
been in service the previous year. Since the settlers
had decided to abandon, temporarily at least, their
homes, this company assisted in the evacuation of
Richfield, Glenwood, Alma, and Salina.* Just before
July 24, some of the militiamen from Lehi were al-
lowed to return home on furlough, while John Worl-
ton, Thomas F. Trane, Wicliffe Smith, and Hyland D.
Wilcox were sent forward to replace them. This
relief party left Lehi July 20, joined their company at
Ephraim and continued in service until the whole
company was discharged, August 6. The men on fur-
lough were on the point of returning when they re-
ceived notice of the cessation of hostilities.
On August 19, Black Hawk made a treaty of peace
with the white men in Strawberry Valley. This event
marked the close of the war, although a few depreda-
tions were committed in the south the next year by
Indians who did not know that an agreement had
been reached.
During the course of the war the men who had re-
mained at home were equally as active as those of
their townsmen who went to the front. . Paulinas H.
*Not all the life of the volunteers was serious. On one occa-
sion, Stephen Ross, a great joker, succeeded, with the help of
several others, in chaining Moroni Pratt. Pratt had long hair
which became very much snarled and disheveled when he was
tied to a wagon and compelled to lie all day in the bright sun.
Ross told newcomers that they had succeeded in subduing a
crazy man, and indeed the appearance of the prisoner, who was
straining at his chains, muttering all sorts of imprecations and
foaming at the mouth, amply bore him out. Finally, when a
large number had collected, Pratt succeeded in breaking loose
and started for the crowd. With all speed, these turned and
fled to the hills, only returning when assured that the "crazy
man" had been captured.
IS
178
HISTORY OF LEHI.
11867
Allred and Edward W. Edwards assisted nobly in
drilling the recruits in the first rudimentary knowl-
edge of the manual of
arms. Various others —
notably Andrew A. Pe-
terson, Samuel Briggs,
and James Harwood —
furnished horses, sad-
dles, mules, wagons,
guns, and ammunition.
Due to the abandon-
ment of the towns in
southern Utah. Lehi re-
ceived a small increase
in her population. An-
drew R. Anderson. Pe-
ter J. Christofiferson,
and George Beck had
lived in the districts
where most of the fight-
ing had taken place and now moved to Lehi.
ANDREW A. PETERSON".
WAR REMINISCENCES.
One of the best ways of obtaining an accurate con-
ception of a historical event is to listen to the story of
that event as told by the participants themselves.
Fortunately, it is possible to present here the accounts
of various incidens pertaining to the war as related
by men from Lehi who served in it.
Says John W. Wing:
"I well remember the drilling we received in mil-
itary maneuvers, one being to shoot at an enemy
1865-1867] THE BLACK HAWK WAR. 179
while going at full speed. The whole company
would be drawn up in line, and at a given signal
would charge towards a target. When within one
hundred yards, we would receive the order to wheel
and fire. We were then supposed to discharge our
arms at the target and return to the point of begin-
ning without slacking speed. About the first time
we tried this exercise, we almost killed each other,
for instead of all firing simultaneously, only a very
few succeeded in firing together. This so frightened
the horses that they became almost unmanageable,
while the firing continued until we reached the start-
ing point. One man shot his horse through the head
between the ears, killing him instantly."
William Bone, Jr., relates the following:
" A rather remarkable incident occurred June 2,
1867. Our company was camped near the Sevier
River bridge, on its return from helping the people
of Scipio abandon that town. Some time before sun-
down, as William Tunbridge and myself were enjoy-
ing a stroll along the river, we stopped a few minutes
on the edge of the bank, which at this place was fully
ten feet high. Presently we moved back a distance,
when several rods of*the bank about ten feet wide,
fell with a crash to the river bed below. Instantly
Tunbridge remarked, 'An Indian outbreak.' The
water in the river was some distance away, so the
bed was dry at this place, which makes it more re-
markable that the bank should fall the moment we
stepped off it.
"When we returned to camp, Tunbridge told the
captain of the incident, and insisted that an Indian
180
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1865-1867
outbreak was imminent. The captain, to be on the
side of safety, ordered an extra guard placed that
night. The next day we received the sad news that
Major John Wesley Vance, of Alpine, and Heber
Houtz, of Salt Lake City, had been killed on Twelve-
Mile Creek the evening before, and by comparing
notes, we found that these men were shot at about
the same time the bank fell.
"The most desperate struggle I ever had to keep
awake happened while
we were stationed at
Fort Gunnison. A ru-
mor reached us that In-
dians had been seen in
Salina Canyon about
twenty miles away, and
it was decided by our
captain to place a picket
guard at a convenient
place to observe the
movements of the red
men. Daniel W.Thomas,
two men from Ameri-
can Fork and myself
were selected for the
task. After receiving
our instructions, we
started for the canyon
in the night, as we hoped to be in position before the
first gray light of dawn was visible in the east. When
near our destination, we left the road and skirted the
side hills of the canyon to a sheltered cave, where we
WILLIAM L. HUTCHING
A Hand Cart Veteran.
THE BLACK HAWK WAR.
181
left the horses in charge of the men from American
Fork.
"In the darkness Thomas and I crawled to the top
of the ridge, and each selected a high point command-
ing a view of the canyon and the surrounding coun-
try. As this was the second night we had gone with-
out sleep, the effort to
keep awake was almost
more than human na-
ture could endure.
Thomas resorted to
pounding his head with
a stone, while I pricked
myself with a pin. Fi-
nally the sun came up.
flooding the mountains
and valleys with light
and beauty, and as the
warm rays poured down
upon us, our eyes grew
heavy and our limbs be-
came numb. But we
dared not give way, for
perhaps life and death
depended on our vigi-
lance. At noon we exchanged places with our com-
panions, and eventually passed through the long sum-
mer day.
"When it was fully dark, we left the canyon and re-
turned to camp, not having seen any Indians. We
explained to the captain the great danger of having
CHARLES PHILLIPS,
A Pioneer of 1866.
182 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i86«
a | ticket guard so far away from the main body. The
practice was afterwards discontinued."
Samuel Taylor says :
"I have never suffered so much with the cold as I
did on the night of June 20. 1866, although it was in
the middle of summer. Our company was going over
the mountains to Circle Valley, when, near the top of
the divide, we received word that Indians had been
seen in the neighborhood. We camped that night on
the ridge and one-half the company was placed on
guard. Another young man and myself were stationed
on a high cliff where the wind blew directly upon us,
and before morning I thought I should perish. I be-
lieve this was the coldest night I ever experienced.
"Being in suspense and always looking for Indians.
it is no wonder that some men with a superabundance
of imagination saw them where they did not exist. A
striking case of this kind happened as we were on the
way to Fish Lake. When we reached the high ridge
between Grass Valley and Fish Lake, some of the
men saw Indians in the timber near the lake. We
were all ordered to dismount and form into skirmish
lines, except a few men who were placed in charge
of the horses. In this manner we proceeded towards
the lake, covering the entire distance by a series of
running, hiding, crouching, crawling, and charging
movements. Fortunately, we found that the Indians
were all imaginary."
The following from Robert Fox:
"One time, while camped at Gunnison, we received
word to proceed to Salina at double quick time. When
we arrived, we found the town already deserted by its
1866] THE BLACK HAWK WAR. 183
inhabitants. Chickens cackled and pigs squealed, hut
no human being was in sight. We afterwards learned
that the day previous to our visit, Black Hawk, with
a band of warriors, had swooped down on the little
town and stolen every horse and cow in the place.
Then the dusky chieftain, who spoke English fluently,
had ridden around the settlement and tauntingly
shouted for the men to come out and get their cows
or their papooses would go hungry. During the night
the inhabitants fled to Manti, leaving the town as we
found it.
"One time Captain Conover took about a dozen
of us young men with him on a scouting trip. We
had not gone far when we noticed what we supposed
to be a steer near the mouth of a canyon. Immedi-
ately three or four of the most thoughtless ones
among us started after the object, but the captain
called them back and told us that this was not a steer,
as we supposed. Upon firing a shot at the dark ob-
ject in the distance, we were surprised to see a cow-
hide thrown in the air and the object resolve itself
into two Indians, who quickly disappeared up the
canyon."
Joseph Ashton tells this :
"While our company was stationed at Twelve-Mile
Creek, in July, 1866, John E. Ross and I spent a very
pleasant afternoon fishing in the stream. About
sundown the mosquitoes became so annoying that
we concluded to return to camp, which was in plain
sight, some distance away. As we went along swing-
ing our hats to brush away the troublesome insects,
the picket guard mistook our movements for danger
184 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i866
signals, and hurried to camp to give the alarm. We
noticed a great deal of activity in camp, so we quick-
ened our speed, wondering what was the matter.
When our companions saw us running, they became
greatly alarmed, and hurriedly grasping their weap-
ons, they mounted their horses and hastened out to
meet us. As they drew near, they inquired in very
excited tones what the trouble was. We told them
we had no trouble except the mosquitoes, and would
like very much to know what had happened in camp.
To our surprise they informed us that we had caused
all. the excitement. Later, when matters were ex-
plained in camp, our supposedly great danger caused
no little amusement."
Such was Lehi's part in the Black Hawk War, the
last conflict of importance with the Indians. For their
service these volunteers received nothing. Immedi-
ately after the last campaign a report was submitted
which showed that the struggling young Territory
had expended $1,121,037.38 to protect the lives and
property of its inhabitants, that seventy of its citizens
had met their death, and that twenty-five towns had
been abandoned. Repeated attempts have been made
both to obtain remuneration and have the veterans of
the conflict placed on the Federal pension list. So far,
all efforts have been without avail. Happily, the State
of Utah has not acted in the same manner. During
the legislative session of 1913, $25,000.00 was appro-
priated as pay for the volunteers in the Indian wars.
Thus does virtue and bravery, after many days, re-
ceive its reward.
CHAPTER XIV.
Beginnings of Business Life.
IN THE establishment of settlements in Utah, com-
1 merce played but a small part. The pioneers at-
tached themselves to the soil and wrested their live-
lihood from it, thus assuring a future permanent and
unquestionable. The immeasurable stores of mineral
wealth buried in the adjoining mountains they left
untouched; it remained for other hands to profit by
Nature's bounteousness there. Neither did they at-
tempt to follow the example of their predecessors in
the Great Basin and engage in trapping and fur trad-
ing. Their sole aim — and in this they followed the
advice of their leaders — was to obtain possession of
the land — time would take care of the rest. Hence,
there was no occasion for commerce, except in the
rudest forms of barter and trade.
But, similar to all other colonies on the frontiers
of civilization, later growth wrought changes to
those in Utah in this as in other respects. At first
the settlers were hard put to it to obtain the bare
necessities of life ; but with the passing years came
greater prosperity, and hence, also, a surplus of prod-
ucts. From this arose the possibility and the desire
to trade, and at this point enters commerce.
In Lehi the advent of this stage is easily recognized,
because it came, not gradualy, but all at once, through
186
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1862
the establishment of Camp Floyd. The trade which
grew up between the city and the barracks has been
noted before. Here was the possibility of commerce
— it needed but a short time for men to recognize
it as such, and utilize it. In Lehi one of these men
was Thomas Taylor, and with his work as intermedi-
ary between the farmers of the town and the soldiers
of the camp began Lehi's commercial history.
THE FIRM OF T. AND W. TAYLOR.
Shortly after the abolishment of Camp Floyd,
Thomas and William W. Taylor determined to go
into the mercantile bus-
iness for themselves. To
their minds, the grow-
ing population of Lehi
was sufficient justifica-
tion for the venture. Ob-
taining a stock of goods,
they began a mercantile
business in a building
erected on the corner
of Main and Second
West Streets. This was
the first real store in
Lehi, and the site of this
initial venture has been
in use by various com-
panies ever since.* The
merchandise of the store
*Although this was the first real store in Lehi, goods had
been previously sold in private dwellings. Among those who
traded in this fashion were Thomas Taylor, Abram Hatch, Wil-
liam W. Taylor, and George Leslie.
WILLIAM W. TAYLOR.
1868] BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE. 187
was obtained from Salt Lake City, and because of the
great cost of transporting most of it across the plains,
the prices were necessarily high.
LEHI UNION EXCHANGE.
The next commercial enterprise was the Lehi
Union Exchange, founded in 1868, as a result of agi-
tation on the part of Israel Evans, who, while on a
mission to England, had studied the Rochdale co-op-
erative system, and now believed the same plan of co-
operation could be utilized beneficially in his own city.
In a meeting called by Bishop Evans, and attended by
Israel Evans, William Wanlass, John Zimmerman,
William Clark, Thomas R. Jones, Andrew A. Peter-
son, Joseph A. Thomas, and James Q. Powell, the
project was launched and definite plans made for its
maintenance. David Evans was elected president of
the company; William Wanlass, secretary; John Zim-
merman, treasurer; Israel Evans, William Clark, and
Thomas R. Jones, directors ; and it was capitalized for
$350.00. in shares of $25.00 each. Several of the in-
corporators volunteered to haul the first goods free
of charge. Thus was organized the first co-operative
store in Utah.
On July 23 the new company opened its establish-
ment for business. Its first quarters consisted of a
little building on Third West and First South Streets,
now used as a granary by Andrew R. Anderson. The
enterprise met with immediate success, so much so
that at the end of the first six months of business a
dividend of $28.20 a share — over 100 per cent — was
declared, although it had been originally intended
188
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1868
that any profits should be used towards the estab-
lishment of other industries, notably a grist mill and
woolen mill. This unlooked-for prosperity necessi-
tated the obtaining of more commodious quarters,
which was done through the purchase of the present
site of the City Hall from Hyrum Norton. The com-
pany immediately excavated a cellar and commenced
the construction of a building. Twice did the winds
blow the frame work over, but before a third attempt
BUILDING OF LEHI UNION EXCHANGE.
was necessary, other changes had occurred which
greatly altered the status of commercial affairs.
With the great success of the Union Exchange and
the widespread urging of the co-operative plan, the
business of T. and W. Taylor had suffered to a con-
siderable extent. This occasioned much discussion
and not a little bitterness on both sides. As a com-
1869] BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE. 189
promise, it was decided to consolidate the two com-
panies through the purchase of the Taylor business
by the Exchange. Thomas R. Cutler — a young man
who later played one of the most important roles in
Lehi's history — for T. and W. Taylor, and William
Wanlass for the Union Exchange, completed these
negotiations, and the latter company moved at once
into the building formerly occupied by the Taylor
concern.
Some time after this consolidation, the foundin'g of
the Zion's Co-operative Mercantile Institution in Salt
Lake City began a
widespread adoption
throughout the Terri-
tory of the co-operative
plan. The Lehi Union
Exchange was linked to
the Salt Lake company
as a local branch, and
henceforth was known
as the "Co-op," although
it had really preceded
the central organiza-
tion. The sign of the
all-seeing eye and the
inscription, "Holiness
to the Lord" adorned
the gabled front of the william wanlass.
store and became fa-
miliar to the trades people of the city. William Wan-
lass was manager, chief clerk, and bookkeeper of the
Exchange in its new home, and continued as such
190 HISTORY OF LEHI. [isee-iszi
for many years. The prosperity which attended the
first few years of business of the Exchange did not
last. This was due to two reasons, the excessive
credit system and the establishment, in 1871, of The
People's Co-operative Institution. So poor, indeed,
was the business of the Exchange that in 1880 it sold
out to its younger rival, and was henceforth known as
the "Branch."
PIONEER MILLINERS.
Early in Lehi's history, Mrs. Samuel James had
made the first ladies' straw hats; but in 1866, Mrs.
Harriet Austin Jacobs set up a millinery store which
has continued in operation ever since. Mrs. Jacobs
manufactured her own hats, having learned the trade
while a girl in England. This pioneer head-gear was
made from straw grown in Lehi, and selected, cut,
split, and braided by hand. Assisting the milliner in
this work were Mrs. Emma Austin, Mrs. Harriet
Webb, Mrs. Sarah Gurney, Mrs. Ann Whitman, Mrs.
Ann James, and Mrs. Elizabeth Cutler. Mrs. Mary
A. Webb manufactured straw trimmings. In July,
1868, while on a visit to Lehi, Brigham Young was
so delighted with the hats worn by the women of the
city that he ordered twelve from Mrs. Jacobs for his
daughters, paying $4.00 each for them.
THE TELEGRAPH REACHES LEHI.
The autumn of 1870 saw Lehi in communication
with the outside world through one of the modern
inventions — the telegraph. A. Milton Musser, of Salt
Lake City, acting for the Deseret Telegraph Line,
installed at that time an office of his company in the
1870]
BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE.
191
residence of Bishop Evans, and placed Miss Ina John-
son of Springville in charge. The company offered
to teach telegraphy to any of the local young women,
and promsied to place the office in their charge when
they had reached a stage of sufficient proficiency.
Three young ladies from
Lehi, Barbara A. Evans
(Mrs. John Bush), Isa-
bella Karren (Mrs. Sam-
uel R. Thurman), and
Harriet A. Zimmerman
(Mrs. Henry M. Royle),
undertook to solve the
mysteries of dots and
dashes under the tutor-
ship of Miss Johnson,
at the rate of $5.00 a
month. Since the office
was in her home, Miss
Evans rapidly outstrip-
ped her rivals and ob-
tained the position. The
telegraph continued in
operation until May, 1872, when, on account of insuf-
ficient receipts, it was abandoned. Miss Evans then
accepted a similar position in Farmington.
MRS. BARP.ARA EVANS BUSH.
UTAH SOUTHERN RAILROAD.
The completion of the track of the Utah Southern
Railroad into Lehi marked an important epoch in the
growth of the city. The arrival of the first train on
September 23, 1872, meant much to the citizens, both
192
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1872
as to their future development and their immediate
satisfaction. Many of them, and especially the chil-
dren, had never seen a train before, so the first shriek
of the iron monster was anticipated for weeks and re-
alized with intense delight.
The effect of the advent of the railroad in Lehi
was almost magical. State Street witnessed a mush-
room growth of saloons, boarding houses, and small
\
1
^
^^
'
rp~
■
Tg
g
"■
■H
_
Hi ":s
^
,'-.' E
'M
wJm
■i
■■ ■
'
"*',-".
UTAH SOUTHERN STATION IN 1873.
shops; commodities became cheaper at once; and
great numbers of people moved into the city. For a
year the terminus of the road was in Lehi, and this
made the city the distributing center for goods
shipped to the towns of the south. Many of the men
obtained profitable employment in freighting, and in
1872] BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE. 193
addition much money was spent in the city by freight-
ers from other districts. Furthermore, a narrow
gauge line was constructed to American Fork Can-
yon to tap the smelting being done there in the Miller
and other mines. This proved profitable to Lehi, both
as a market for goods and in furnishing work in haul-
ing supplies and ore. In the station, the railroad op-
erated a telegraph system and placed it in charge of
Miss Barbara Evans who had returned from Farm-
ington. The old Utah Southern has been succeeded
by the Union Pacific, and at present by the San Pedro,
Los Angeles and Salt Lake Railway.
THE PEOPLE'S CO-OPERATIVE INSTITUTION.
Of the various business concerns which sprang up
around the Utah Southern station only one took per-
manent form — The People's Co-operative Institution.
In anticipation of the arrival of the railway, and its
resulting value to adjacent real estate and business,
Thomas R. Cutler had. in 1871, a year previous to the
coming of the railroad, commenced a mercantile bus-
iness in a little adobe building, fourteen by twenty
feet, built by William \Y. Taylor on the south-east
corner of Second East and State Streets. Cutler con-
ducted the business alone during the first year, but
the advent of the Utah Southern made additional help
necessary. Accordingly he employed William Hutch-
in gs, who assumed charge of a meat market, and Ed-
win Standring.
James W. Taylor, on April 4, 1872, secured the
first license for the store from the City Council. The
same year, on December 21, the company incorpo-
14
194
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1872
rated under the name of People's Co-operative Insti-
tution, with a capital stock of $28,000.00, divided into
700 shares of a part value of $40.00. James W. Taylor
was elected president, Isaac Goodwin, vice-president;
Thomas R. Cutler, secretary-treasurer, and Samuel
Briggs, William Bone, Sr., and Jesse Smith, directors.
In addition to the ordinary mercantile business, the
"People's Co-op," as it has since been called, engaged,
conjointly with Ira D.
Wines, in the forward-
ing business, as long as
Lehi remained the ter-
minal point of the Utah
Southern. The company
also purchased the
agency of Bain wagons
and farm machinery
from Howard Sebree,
and operated a lumber
yard. For a time it also
acted as the shipping
agent for the Copper-
opolis smelter in Mam-
moth, sending the ore
from that plant to Bos-
ton. Nor was its activ-
ity confined to these things. Essaying the part of
manufacturer, the "Co-op" produced the first com-
mercial made shoes in the Territory, and the first
furniture. The shoe shop, under the direction of Ed-
ward Soutliwick, made an excellent grade of boots,
shoes and women's shoes, most of which were sold to
WILLIAM BONE, SEN.
1872-1903] BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE.
195
the Zion's Co-operative Mercantile Institution in
Salt Lake. Peter Loutensock had charge of the fur-
niture department. Later methods, which could pro-
duce goods more cheap-
ly, eventually drove the
"Co-op" out of the man-
ufacturing business.
Thomas R. Cutler
continued as manager
of the company until
April 29, 1893, when he
resigned to assume con-
trol, of the affairs of the
Utah Sugar Company.
William E. Racker, who
had acted as assistant
manager for some time,
was selected as his suc-
cessor. Under Racker's
direction prosperity con-
tinued to attend the en- hans hammer.
terprise, so much so that in 1890 the capital stock was
increased to $100,000.00, of which $60,000.00 was paid
up. February 3, 1903, Manager Racker accepted a
call for a mission to Denmark, and his duties fell upon
Samuel I. Goodwin, who has since successfully di-
rected the affairs of the company. From time to time
the corporation has added to its stock and premises,
until today the People's Co-operative Institution is as
modern, efficient, and successful a mercantile plant as
can be found in the whole State.
196 HISTORY OF LEHI. [im
THE LIVERY BUSINESS.
The livery business in Lehi had a peculiar begin-
ning. In April, 1877, James Harwood, who at that
time was a postmaster and carried the mails, desired
a vacation, and so hired Hans Hammer to act in his
absence. Having bought Harwood's buggy and bor-
rowed his horse, Hammer, upon the advice of a phy-
sician, continued carrying the mail after the postmas-
ter's return. One day as he was leaving the station,
a stranger inquired the way to lodgings and Hammer
obligingly took him there. With this as a beginning,
he soon learned to provide strangers with transpor-
tation about town. After he had used Harwood's
horse a year, Hammer finally bought one himself,
which immediately proceeded to demolish his only
buggy in a runaway. The first livery stable was a
straw shed on Main Street, where Darling's Hotel
stands. After six years' use, a hail storm demolished
this structure, and a new stable was built on the north
side of the street, where the business is still con-
ducted. A landmark in the Hammer concern was a
horse, ( )ld Roney by name, which, purchased in 1881.
was in use until 1912, when he died. Upon the death
of Hans Hammer, in 1905, his sons assumed control
of the enterprise. Samuel's death in 1907 left George
and Joseph in charge. At the present, Hammer
Brothers' Livery is full}' equipped with all kinds of
necessary vehicles and with thirty horses.
DENVER AND RIO GRANDE RAILWAY.
The summer of 1881 witnessed Lehi placed on the
second trans-continental railway — the Denver & Rio
1881] BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE. 197
Grande. This road chose to come into the southern
and western parts of the city. Its advent furnished
considerable employment to Lehi workmen, because
most of the grading was contracted to Lehi men,
among them David Evans, Jr., and Samuel R. Thur-
maii. Until 1889 the road was a narrow gauge, but
after that year it was enlarged and equipped with
standard rolling stock.
T. F. TRANE MERCANTILE COMPANY.
As the People's Co-operative Institution had been
successful in the proximity of the Utah Southern sta-
tion, so, upon the arrival of the Denver and Rio
Grande Railway, an attempt was made to establish a
mercantile business near that station. Thomas F.
Trane and Augustus Powell were the promoters of
this venture, and they finished their building and
opened their store in June, 1883. Many changes were
made in the ownership of this store. Powell soon sold
his interest to Samuel P. Teasdale of Salt Lake, and
soon afterwards Trane disposed of part of his hold-
ings to Prime Evans. The firm of Trane and Evans
continued but a short time when Teasdale bought the
latter out, and Trane conducted the store as agent for
the Salt Lake man. In 1894, through the failure in
business of Teasdale, the store was discontinued.
THE FIRST BUTCHER.
As early as 1855. Joseph Dorton began the slaugh-
tering of animals for food for the settlers. He had
been called to come to Lehi by Brigham Young, and
had moved his family here after selling the corner of
198
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1855
Main Street and Third South, Salt Lake City (where
now stands "Walker's store), for a yoke of oxen. When
the Lehi Union Exchange was established, he con-
ducted the meat department of that institution. At
a later date' he began business on his own account, on
the north side of Main Street, where, since his death,
his sons have conducted a shop.
CATTLE AND SHEEP.
When the settlers of Lehi first began their terrible
struggle to build homes on Dry Creek, they found the
surrounding country
covered to some ex-
tent with bunch grass
and meadow grass,
far more than in later
times. This they soon
learned formed excel-
lent feed for their cat-
tle, and they were not
slow in using it. Often,
indeed, they cut much
of it with the scythe
for hay. One crop was
easily obtained, and
in addition sufficient
grazing to satisfy
their animals until
Christmas, if the
Each family possessed only a
AN OLD LOOM.
weather permitted.
few cattle, and these were generally herded with all
the others of the settlement, this work being the spe-
1860] BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE. 199
cial task of the boys. The lands south and west of
the city were the best grazing grounds.
As the population of the town was augmented by
new arrivals and economic life developed, certain in-
dividuals began to secure ownership of more than the
original quota of catttle, and as a branch of farm life
engaged in raising them for profit. To make this
possible, the grazing lands on the west were extended
into the foothills. Finally, when it had been indisput-
ably demonstrated that the business could be con-
ducted with profit, a number of men launched into
cattle raising as their sole occupation. Taking ad-
vantage of West Canyon, they allowed their animals
to feed in the mountains, and their herds might often
be found far away from Lehi. Cattle raising, either
as a branch of farming or as a vocation, has continued
to occupy the attention of many of the citizens of
Lehi until the present.
Many years after the cattle had found nourishing
food on the foothills, sheep were introduced and al-
lowed to graze in their place.* At first they found
excellent pasturage in the vicinity of Lehi. but later.
when wool raising had become more extensive, the
herds were compelled to seek new regions. While
fewer of Lehi's citizens have been wool growers than
cattle men, yet those who have engaged in this in-
dustry have generally found it profitable, and a few
have reaped fortunes from it.
*The first sheep in Lehi came from a herd which was being
taken from the Missouri to California. On account of the unex-
pected cold, the herders decided to remain in Lehi during the
winter: but scarcity of feed compelled them to sell many of
their flock to Lehi farmers.
200 HISTORY OF LEHI. [iss;
A later development of the cattle business was
dairying. A\"hile the production of butter was an es-
tablished part of farm work, yet in addition there
have been attempts to maintain dairies. The first was
built by Israel Evans, near the Jordan River. For a
number of years it was operated, but finally it closed
down. A later creamery was erected by a company
of Lehi stockholders on the county road, a short dis-
tance east of the city. It was maintained with profit
until it burned down. Farmers now sell their milk
either in neighboring cities in Utah County or in
Salt Lake City.
THE FIRST HOTELS.
It was many years after the founding of Lehi that
the first hotel was erected, or even a building wholly
devoted to that purpose. At first, David Evans fur-
nished lodgings to visitors. In 1857, Abram Hatch
threw open part of his house in which to entertain
strangers. But it was not until after the arrival of
the D. & R. G. railroad, in 1881. that a real hotel was
operated. At that time Mrs. Sarah Smith built an
adobe building on Main Street and Fourth West,
where formerly had been a store belonging to John
Woodhouse, and conducted it as a restaurant, Lehi
being one of the eating places for passengers on the
railroad. This building is still used as a hotel.
PIONEER DOCTORS AND DRUGGISTS.
In the days of Lehi's founding, when sickness or
injury befel any of the pioneers, they would imme-
diately send for Mrs. Lucy Cox, who, by means of
an immense fund of useful, practical knowledge, to
1881] BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE. 201
say nothing of home brewed remedies from herbs,
could immediately render them valuable assistance.
For many years she continued to help her neighbors,
especially the members of her own sex.
Following her, at a much later date, was "Cap"
Hart, a former sailor, who had some knowledge of
homeopathic medicine and who was able to aid suf-
ferers especially from measles and fever. He made
no pretense at surgical knowledge or skill.
Many of the fractured limbs were set in early times
by John Woodhouse who, along with numerous other
accomplishments, was also something of a practical
surgeon.
The first real doctor to practice in Lehi was
Thomas S. Wadsworth. Dr. Wadsworth was a na-
tive of Iowa, and had resided in Ogden and Ameri-
can Fork before moving to Lehi, in 1881. With his
medical skill he was able to alleviate much suffering
that had hitherto been necessary.
The first drug store was opened in Lehi, in 1881, by
Robert E. Collett. Some years later David Ellingson
and Dr. C. L. Seabright also started in the pharmacy
business. Dr. Seabright afterwards practiced medi-
cine. Still other druggists were T. J. Wadsworth,
who began business in 1897, and H. B. Merrihew, who
followed him one year later.
THE WARM SPRINGS.
The warm springs west of Utah Lake had attracted
the attention of the pioneers of Lehi, but it was a
number of years after the founding of the city that
John C. Nagle moved from the Cold Springs south to
202
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1880 1900
the warm ones. Later he took up title to the land.
Seeing what- he considered great potential possibil-
ities in the springs, John Beck purchased the ranch
from Nagle, and after unsuccessful attempts to utilize
it as a chicken and a fruit farm, he opened it as a
public resort, named it Saratoga, and built a swim-
ming pool for the hot water, later following this with
a much larger one. As such it was used until pur-
SARATOGA.
chased by the Utah Sugar Company. Many improve-
ments were made, and every measure taken to make
it one of the best resorts in the West. The effort was
not wholly successful ; Saratoga became widely and
favorably known ; but lack of railroad facilities made
the place unprofitable. It was therefore operated only
on a small scale. Various efforts have been made to
1871] BEGINNINGS OF BUSINESS LIFE. 203
obtain railroad connections, and when finally they
culminate in success, Saratoga will come into her
own ; for her location near the lake, her medicinal wa-
ters, her beautiful surroundings make her by natural
endowment the equal of any resort in the inter-moun-
tain country.
PIONEER JEWELERS.
In 1871, Gudmund Gudmundson established the
first jewelry shop in Lehi. There had been but scant
need for such a place heretofore. Using the back
room of Hans Hammer's residence for two years,
Gudmundson moved into the building now adjoin-
ing the fire department. His son, Abraham, later
built a shop on his own lot on the south side of Main
Street.
Joseph Broadbent and Ernest Webb have main-
tained shops at a later date.
CHAPTER XV.
Continued Growth.
TO chronicle now is the period between 1868 and
1890. These two decades are remarkable only
for their steady, consistent growth. Again are seen
the most gratifying results, accruing, not from any
single event or combination of circumstances whose
character was unusual or exciting, but rather from
the every day life of the people. It is work that
makes growth, and the development of Lehi during
this period can be ascribed to the energy, frugality,
and industry of its citizens. For example, if the
municipal- elections passed off biennially without un-
toward incident or over-abundant comment, then that
does not speak of any lack of interest in them, but
rather bears testimony of the stability of the political
institutions of the time.
THE SWETT TRAGEDY.
During the close of the year 1868, Lehi was witness
to one of the most diabolical crimes ever committed
within her boundaries. On account of the White
Pine mining boom, west of the city, considerable
freighting was carried on with Lehi as the starting
point. Among the miners who passed through were
Harlem P. Swett and a man named Mayfield, together
with a teamster whom they had hired in Salt Lake,
1868]
CONTINUED GROWTH.
205
Chauncy W. Millard. It later developed that Millard
was a street Arab of New York, who, after a short
service as a Union soldier, had drifted west in search
of adventure. Passing south along the west side of
the lake, the three men camped December 1 1 at the
Stone House. Here Millard attempted to put into
execution a fiendish scheme, which he had no doubt
planned since joining his
companions. Securing
possession of Mayfield's
revolver, the depraved
youth — he was only
18 — cowardly shot
Swett in the back as he
sat unsuspectingly be-
fore the fire, killing him
instantly. Turning his
attention next to May-
field, who was in the
wagon just then search-
ing for his revolver, Mil-
lard fired point blank at
him, but in some way
barely missed his aim.
Mayfield jumped from
the wagon and fled for
the lake, followed by Millard who emptied his revolver
as he ran. One shot took effect in Mayfield's hand.
Crossing the lake on the ice, the wounded man
gained the present site of Murdock's resort, and
from there managed to reach Lehi.
At that time John Woodhouse was Justice of the
CARL T. E. FJELD,
A Hand Cart Veteran.
206 HISTORY OF LEHI. [ims
Peace and he immediately sent for the body of Swett
and dispatched the Constable, Joseph A. Thomas, and
a posse after the murderer. A coroner's jury was
then impanelled, consisting of Paulinas H. Allred,
William Dawson, and Thomas F. Trane. They were
unable to determine how Swett met his death, think-
ing- perhaps he and Mayfield had quarrelled. In the
meantime, the posse had discovered the riding horse
which Millard had taken, but were unable to find any
other trace of the man himself. Orrin Porter Rock-
well, who was living in Lehi at this time, then took
ii]) the search. Rockwell was one of the most famous
frontiersmen of his time and soon located Millard at
a sheep ranch in Rush Valley. Upon being brought
back to Lehi, the murderer freely confessed his crime
and did not seem to feel at all sorry about it. Later
he was taken to Provo and executed, while his victim,
Swett. was buried in the Lehi cemetery. This crime,
one of the worst ever committed in Lehi, aroused no
little excitement.*
THE GRASSHOPPERS RETURN.
The early autumn of this year had witnessed the
return of the pest that had formerly almost proved
Lehi's undoing — the grasshoppers. Arriving in great
hordes in August, they were unable to do much dam-
age because the crops had practically matured. Every
effort was made to combat them, but their eggs the
next spring hatched before the crops were well under
*The execution proved what a human fiend Millard was.
Selling his body to Doctor Roberts of Provo for a pound of
candy, he calmly ate the sweets while sitting in the executioner's
chair awaiting the fatal shot.
1869]
CONTINUED GROWTH.
207
way and did considerable damage, although nothing
on the scale of the former visitation.
NINTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
February 8, 1869, was the date of the ninth city
election, and the Tithing
Office the place where it
was held. William H.
Winn was chosen as
Mayor; Israel Evans
and John Zimmerman
as Aldermen; and Wil-
liam Clark, William
Yates, and Oley Elling-
son as Councilors. Ap-
pointments were Joseph
J. H. Colledge, Re-
corder ; Charles Barnes,
Treasurer; Alonzo D.
Rhodes, Marshal ; and
Joseph J. H. Colledge,
Assessor and Collector.
Because of the loss of
the records of this coun-
cil, it is impossible to give
WILLIAM II. WINN,
Seventh Mayor of Lelii,
1869-1875; 1877-1878.
the other appointments.
THE MEETING HOUSE FIRE.
On February 6, 1870, while Charles D. Evans was
making an address at a regular Sunday morning ser-
vice in the Meeting House, Isaac Fox and a number
of other boys who were playing in John Zimmer-
man's lot, discovered that smoke was issuing from
the roof of the church. They immediately warned
208 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1870
several larger boys who were congregated just out-
side the building, and those in turn communicated the
alarm to those inside, Charles Karren stepping to the
door and shouting for the people to come out. This
they immediately proceeded to do. The fire, which
by this time had spread along the whole length of the
building, had started from a stove in the attic which
had been left with a hot fire after the adjournment of
a prayer meeting that morning.
As quickly as possible, ladders were brought and a
bucket brigade formed, the water being supplied from
the wells of John C. Nagle, on the east, and Israel
Evans, on the north. To assist further, John Stewart
scaled the walls and took a position on the roof where
lie was able to do good work with the help of the
bucket brigade. Soon the flames were under control,
but not without a great deal of damage having been
done. Especially was this true of the interior, where,
because of excitement and thoughtlessness, the floor
was ripped up, the chandeliers cut down, the lamps
thrown out of the windows, the cornice pulled off and
an attempt made to cut down the pillars which sup-
ported the upper floor and roof. Altogether the de-
struction wrought by the excited people was as great
as the damage from the fire. A long time and con-
siderable money was necessary fully to repair the loss.
TENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The tenth civic election resulted in the re-choosing
of the present incumbents — William H. Winn,
Mayor; Israel Evans and John Zimmerman, Alder-
men; William Clark, William Yates, and Oley Elling-
son. Councilors. They resumed their duties on
1871]
CONTINUED GROWTH.
209
March 4, 1871, and selected Joseph J. H. Colledge as
Recorder and Alohzo D. Rhodes as Marshal. Four
days later the following appointments were made :
Attorney and Sexton, George William Thurman ;
Supervisor, Israel Evans ; Water Master, William L.
Hutchings; Pound Keeper, William Clark; Treasurer,
Charles Barnes; Inspec-
tor of Wood and Lum-
ber, Thomas Ashton ;
Sealer of Weights and
Measures, Joseph J.
Smith ; Assessor and
Collector, Joseph J. H.
Colledge ; Policemen,
Samuel Taylor, Captain,
Jacob Hodge, Robert
Gilchrist, Thomas Fow-
ler, William Mathews,
Andrew R. Anderson,
Martin B. Bushman,
Charles Phillips, and
Thomas R. Jones ; Ex-
aminers, David Evans,
Israel Evans, and John
Woodhouse ; Fence Viewers, Daniel S. Thomas, Wil-
liam Ball, Samuel Briggs, Shadrack Empey, Paulinas
H. Allred, and Martin B. Bushman; Pasture Commit-
tee, John Woodhouse, Alonzo D. Rhodes, and John
Bushman.
Changes in this set of officers were many. August
28, John Zimmerman resigned as x\lderman in favor
of John Wroodhouse, whom he considered better qual-
THOMAS FOWLER.
210
HISTORY OF LEHI.
ified than himself to act as Justice of the Peace, a
position held by Aldermen in addition to being mem-
bers of the council. John E. Ross and James W.
Taylor were later chosen Sexton and Attorney, re-
spectively, to fill the positions vacated by George W.
Thurman, deceased. William Gurney and Jacob Cox
succeeded John Wood-
house and Alonzo D.
Rhodes on the Pasture
Committee. On account
of having moved some
distance out of town,
Alonzo D. Rhodes re-
signed as Marshal, May
6, and was succeeded by
Andrew R. Anderson.
At this time Andrew A.
Peterson received the
appointment as jailer,
the first person to serve
in this capacity. On the
13th of the same month,
Martin B. Bushman was
WILLIAM GURNEY. p,aced ;„ charge of the
Estray Pound, William Clark having resigned. In
October, Charles Barnes and Andrew R. Anderson
resigned as Treasurer and Marshal respectively, and
their places were filled by Oley Ellingson and Byron
W. Brown. Frank Molen was installed as a Police-
man the following January.
THE CEMETERY SURVEYED.
In May, 1872, Alderman Israel Evans and Sexton
1872]
CONTINUED GROWTH.
211
George W. Thurman supervised the surveying of the
present cemetery. It was platted with streets and
blocks by William F. Greenwood of American Fork.
The old burial ground had been north of the State
Road and just west of Dry Creek.
THE FIRST CITY HALL BUILT.
In the summer of 1871. the City Council began the
erection of the first city hall. A jail was to be placed
underneath. The build-
ing was located just
back of the present City
Hall and cost $750.00.
Israel Evans and John
Woodhouse constituted
the building committee
from the council and
supervised the work. In
the construction of the
hall, Abraham Enough
and James Wiley Nor-
ton were the masons
and Thomas Ashton.
Wesley Molen, John
McComie, and John
Stewart, the carpenters.
The council held its first
meeting in the newly constructed hall, April 22. 1S72.
THE CITY GROWS.
TOITX AUSTIN.
Since the surveying of the first blocks outside the
city walls, the people had been gradually making
212
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1871
their homes there. New arrivals continued to build
up this part of the town and Lehi increased rapidly
in population. Among the first to venture so far
north were John E. Ross and his wife, who built a
dugout on the lot where they have resided ever since.
At that time they were
farther away from the
walls than any one else
and were entirely sur-
rounded with sage
brush. Joseph Ashton
soon joined them and
built a dugout on the
corner of Third North
and First East.
A beginning had also
been made in settling
the country west of Dry
Creek, later known as
the "New Survey." The
first man to move west
was James Gough, who,
in 1868, took up some
land immediately west
of the creek. James T. Powell was the next to fol-
low, John Meakin and John Johnson migrating there
a few years later. The country rapidly filled up with
home builders and soon became an important part
of the city.
END OF JORDAN BRIDGE COMPANY.
The Jordan Bridge Company closed its career in
JOHN JOHNSON.
ANNA JOHNSON.
1871] CONTINUED GROWTH. 213
1871. From the beginning it had been financially
profitable, so that when the Territorial Commissioner
demanded that it be turned over to him as public
property, the company was extremely dissatisfied.
Nevertheless, the charter was repealed in 1866 by the
following act of the Legislature :
An act repealing an act granting unto Charles Hopkins and
others the right to build a bridge across the River Jordan.
Be it enacted by the Governor and Legislative Assembly of
the Territory of Utah: That an act granting to Charles Hop-
kins and others the right to build a bridge across the River Jor-
dan, approved Januaray 23. 1853, is hereby repealed.
Approved January 12, 1866.
The company continued to charge toll at the
bridge, however, until the new bridge, built in 1871
by Utah County, was opened for general use, when
the old one was torn down and its timbers distributed
among the stockholders.
A SAD CHRISTMAS.
The school teacher during the winter of 1871-1872
was George William Thurman. Because of his
ability as a teacher, his amiable nature as a man. and
his unselfish public service as a citizen, he was uni-
versally esteemed and honored. At Christmas time
Thurman had planned and was preparing a celebra-
tion for the children. Locking himself and some
others in the Meeting House to make ready the
Christmas tree in time for the beginning of the affair
on Christmas Eve, he was busily engaged in his work
of love for the little ones when the door was rudely
broken open and Jed Woodward, who had formerly
J14
1 1 STORY OF LEHI.
received some chastisement from the school-master,
pushed his way in. Thurman immediately ejected
him, but had no more than done so than Jed drew a
revolver and shot the teacher. The death, a few
hours later, of this popular young" man threw the
whole city into gloom and gave a sad tinge to the
holiday season.* On
account of some miti-
gating circumstances.
Woodward was sen-
tenced only to serve ten
years in prison. Taking
advantage of a jail-
breaking plot to help the
officers, he was soon
pardoned. He then
moved to the southern
part of the state, where,
as the result of the con-
tinuation of his bullying
ways, he ran foul of an
officer and was instantly
killed while creating a
disturbance in a dance.
CKDKCK WILLIAM TIIUKMAN.
ELEVENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
1 he eleventh election saw the incumbent officers,
who now had served four years, re-elected for the
third consecutive time — William H. Winn, Mayor;
*Thurman's place as teacher was taken by his brother David
J., who for the following decade served the city faithfully and
efficiently.
1871] -CONTINUED GROWTH. 215
Israel Evans and John Woodhouse, Aldermen; Wil-
liam Clark, William Yates, and Oley Ellingson, Coun-
cilors. At the same election, February 10, 1873, John
Roberts, Thomas Hawkins, and John Bushman were
chosen School Trustees.*
For the first time in the history of the town, this
election does not appear to have been unanimous ;
for upon petition of James W. Taylor and others, the
Municipal Court, consisting of the mayor, aldermen
and recorder, met to determine whether the new offi-
cials had been chosen according- to law. After hear-
ing evidence on both sides, the court decided that the
election had been held legally. This was the only
time in the history of Lehi that the Municipal Court
ever convened.
On March 4, the council appointed Joseph J. H.
Colledge, Recorder; Oley Ellingson, Treasurer ; Peter
Christofferson, Marshal; James Wiley Norton, Attor-
ney; Jesse Smith, Supervisor; Joseph J. H. Colledge,
Assessor and Collector; Joseph J. Smith, Sealer of
Weights and Measures ; John E. Ross. Sexton ;
Thomas Ashton, Inspector of WTood and Lumber;
and Edward W. Edwards, Jailer. From the fact that
policemen were now paid a small sum, the force was
*The following is a list of school trustees who have served
in Lehi as nearly as can be determined : Preston Thomas, Daniel
Collett, William Burgess, Daniel S. Thomas, Canute Peterson,
Thomas Karren, Abel Evans, John Roberts, Thomas Hawkins,
John Bushman, James W. Taylor, John Woodhouse. Samuel
Briggs, Jacob Bushman, George Webb, Andrew A. Peterson,
James P. Carter, Charles Johnson, John E. Ross, Nedson Whip-
ple, John L. Gibb, James B. Gaddie, E. A. Bushman, James H.
Gardner, Andrew Fjeld, Samuel I. Goodwin, Henry Lewis, John
Roberts, Jr., Morgan Evans, W. S. Evans, Edward Southwick,
George A, Goates; W. W. Dickerson, and Leonard Peterson.
216
HISTORY OF LEHT.
r 187 1
reduced to Thomas Fowler, Captain, William
Mathews, Thomas R. Jones, and Martin B. Bushman.
Peter Christofferson declined the appointment of
Marshal, so Byron W. Brown was selected in his
stead; but he did not serve longer than the last of
April, so that Thomas Fowler was the ultimate re-
cipient of the office. Martin B. Bushman was then
ROSS SCHOOL HOUSE.
made Captain of Police. Changes during 1874 were
the appointment of Samuel R. Thurman as Auditor,
James W. Norton as Jailer to succeed Edward W.
Edwards, and Andrew A. Peterson as Water Master,
Later both Mayor Winn and Alderman Woodhouse
resigned to go on missions, and their places were filled
1872J
CONTINUED GROWTH.
217
by Isaac Goodwin and Samuel R. Thurman, respec-
tively.
NEW SCHOOLS.
As the city grew in size and population, the demand
for additional schools other than the Thurman Build-
ing became increasingly great. Accordingly the
School Board began, in the autumn of 1872, the erec-
tion of the Ross School House to accommodate the
FRANKLIN SCHOOL HOUSE.
children in the north-east part of town. The lot had
been purchased the previous summer. In 1873 the
structure was completed and utilized.
A short time after the erection of the Ross Build-
ing, the City Council received a number of petitions
from the people in the New Survey, or as they were
218 HISTORY OF LEHI. [i87s
called in common parlance at the time, the people
"over the creek." asking that they too have a new-
school building for the convenience of their children.
To accommodate them, the mayor purchased a lot
from James P. Carter for a school site, and some years
later (1875) the School Board erected a suitable build-
ing and called it the Franklin School House. This
has been in almost constant use up to the present
time.
TWELFTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
At the twelfth city election, held February 8. 1875,
Isaac Goodwin was elected Mayor; Samuel R. Thur-
man and John Cherington, Aldermen; and William
Goates, John E. Ross, and James T. Powell, Coun-
cilors. The appointments for the municipal offices
were made at several meetings: Recorder, Joseph J.
H. Colledge; Treasurer, Oley Ellingson; Marshal,
Thomas Fowler; Attorney, James Wiley Norton;
Supervisor. William Southwick ; Assessor and Collec-
tor, Joseph J. H. Colledge; Sexton. John E. Ross;
Pound Keeper. Martin B. Bushman; Water Master.
William Bone. Jr.; Inspector of Wood and Lumber,
Thomas Ashton; Sealer of Weights and Measures,
Joseph J. Smith; Auditor, Thomas R. Cutler; Captain
of Police, William Mathews: Jailer. James W. Nor-
ton ; Board of Examiners. Samuel R. Thurman, John
E. Ross, and John Cherington; Policemen, Martin B.
Bushman and Jacob Cox. After serving a year, John
Cherington resigned as Alderman and John E. Ross
assumed the duties of his office, Martin B. Bushman
in turn filling his place in the council. Other changes
CONTINUED GROWTH.
219
were the accession of Jacob Bushman to the office of
Attorney and Thomas Fowler to the Jailer's position,
the previous occupants of these offices having re-
signed.
THIRTEENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The thirteenth set of city officers was chosen Feb-
ruary 12, 1877, and was composed of William H.
Winn. Mayor ;SamuelfR.
Thurman and Thomas
R. Cutler, Aldermen ;
and Oley Ellingson,
Charles Barnes and
Thomas Ashton, Coun-
cilors.
Their appointments:
Recorder, Joseph J.
H. Colledge; Marshal,
Thomas Fowler; Treas-
urer. Oley Ellingson :
Assessor and Col1ector.
Joseph J. H. Colledge ;
Inspector of Wood and
Lumber, Thomas Ash-
ton; Supervisor, Wil-
liam Southwick; Sex-
ton, John E. Ross ;
Sealer of Weights and Measures. Thomas Hawkins;
Jailer, Thomas Fowler; Attorney, George Webb;
Water Master, William Bone, Jr. ; Policeman, James
T. Powell.
On October 19, Samuel R. Thurman became Mayor
SAMUEL R. THURMAN,
Eighth Mayor of Lehi,
1878-1879; 1881-1882.
220
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1877
of Lehi through the resignation of William H. Winn,
who had been called on another mission. For the
same reason, Oley Ellingson resigned as Councilor and
CITY HALL.
Treasurer and was succeeded by William Clark and
Thomas R. Cutler, respectively. Later Mayor Thur-
man also filled the office of Auditor on account of the
1877] CONTINUED GROWTH. 221
resignation of Thomas R. Cutler. To fill the vacancy
in the City Council caused by the promotion of Alder-
man Thurman, George Webb was designated and
David Evans, Jr., succeeded him as Attorney.
THE PRESENT CITY HALL BUILT.
The present City Council very early became con-
vinced that the little adobe city hall in which they met
was not sufficiently pretentious to suit the growth of
the city. Accordingly, they made plans for a better
building, giving Thomas Ashton authority to prepare
an estimate of cost. Upon his report of $1,928.00 for
a structure twenty-live feet square with a basement,
they resolved to proceed, and appointed Mayor Winn
and Councilors Ashton and Ellingson as a building-
committee. In the summer of 1877, the foundation
was laid, and by the time a year had elapsed, the hall
had been completed. Carlson and Andreason were
the masons employed in the construction, Thomas
Ashton was the chief carpenter and Joseph Trinna-
man did the plastering. The City Hall is still in use
by the city fathers and in a fairly good state of preser-
vation.*
IRRIGATION LITIGATION.
Because of numerous disputes between the people
of Lehi and the farmers of American Fork Bench over
the right to use water from the Lehi ditch, in its course
from the mouth of American Fork Canvon to Lehi, the
*A widespread demand now exists for the erection of a new-
city hall, one in keeping with Lehi's present size and importance.
The near future will undoubtedly bring such a building.
222
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1877
city corporation planted a suit in court, in the summer
of 1877, to restrain the people on the bench from using
the Lehi ditch. Oley El-
lingson was at the head
of a list of two hundred
Lehi water users who
represented the city
in the suit. After a
long trial, the district
court, through Judge
Emerson, decided in
favor of Lehi, giving
the city exclusive use
of the Lehi ditch dur-
ing July, August, and
September. Although
several appeals have
been made, this decision
is still practically the
basis of water distribu-
tion.
ANDREW R. ANDERSON,
Ninth Mayor of T.ehi,
FOURTEENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The fourteenth civic election observed February 10,
1879, resulted in the selection of Andrew R. Ander-
son as Mayor; Samuel R. Thurman and George Webb
as Aldermen ; and Thomas R. Cutler, Samuel Taylor,
and James T. Powell as Councilors. In the appoint-
ments made by the fourteenth City Council, many of
the old offices were discontinued. The men selected
were: John E. Ross, Recorder; Thomas Fowler,
Marshal ; William E. Racker, Treasurer; Joseph J. H.
1879] CONTINUED GROWTH. 223
Colledge, Assessor and Collector; David Evans, Jr.,
Attorney; John E. Ross, Auditor and Sexton; Thomas
Fowler, Jailer; and Isaac Chilton, Policeman.
On account of having been selected as Bishop of the
Lehi Ward to succeed David Evans, Thomas R. Cut-
ler resigned as Councilor, after a year's service, and
the vacancy thus created was filled by the selection of
William Clark.* Very shortly he left the city on a
mission, so Andrew A. Peterson became a member of
the City Council in his place. Other changes were
brought about by the resignation of Alderman Samuel
R. Thurman ; he was followed by Councilor Samuel
Taylor, whose place was then occupied by Abel John
Evans.
A CENSUS TAKEN.
It was learned now by the city officials that several
tiers of blocks on the east side were on unpatented
school land and that it would be necessary to deter-
mine the population of Lehi before application could
be made for title to the land. In April, 1879, there-
fore, a census was taken, probably the first official
census since the founding of the town over twenty-
eight years past. The population of the city was
found to be 2.026. This number was sufficient to en-
title the municipal corporation to an enlargement of
its townsite, so Mayor Anderson at once filed on the
desired land.
The growth in population from the mere score of
people around Sulphur Springs," in 1850, to the 2,026 in
Lehi, thirty years later, is nothing short of phenom-
'Chapter XVI.
224
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1881
enal. Lured by no mining boom, the development of
the city had been gradual and constant. The unusu-
ally rapid increase in numbers evidenced in these
statistics surely speaks well for the type of people who
came to Lehi to make their home.
FIFTEENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
Samuel R. Thurman was selected as Mayor; George
Webb and John Woodhouse as Aldermen; and Sam-
uel Taylor, Abel John Evans, and William Clark as
LEHI'S FIRST BASEBALL TEAM.
Standing — Michael Vaughn, Hyrum Andreason, Thomas Taylor, Morgan
Evans, William Ball, Jr., Daniel Thomas.
Sitting— Israel Evans, Jr., James M. Anderson, Isaac Taylor.
Councilors, at the fifteenth city election held Feb-
ruary 14, 1881. For the first time, the recorder, mar-
shal, treasurer, and assessor and collector were chosen
by popular vote. Selected for these offices respec-
1881] CONTINUED GROWTH. 225
tively were : John E. Ross, Thomas Fowler, William
E. Racker, and Joseph J. H. Colledge.
In this term, Lehi was destined to lose the help of
two of her veteran public officers. After a faithful
and efficient service of twenty years as recorder and
assessor and collector, Joseph J. H. Colledge died,
leaving the office vacant. An examination of his ac-
counts by a committee from the City Council revealed
the fact that they were in excellent condition after
such a long incumbency. Thomas Fowler was des-
ignated to fill the vacancy. Isaac Chilton, who was
also a veteran in the service of the city, now felt im-
pelled by old age to resign as policeman, a position
which he had filled for many years. With a vote of
thanks for his efficient labor, the council accepted his
resignation, appointing Hyrum Smith as his suc-
cessor.
A very curious condition arose in the municipal
government through the resignation, on November
22, 1882, of Mayor Thurman. The City Council did
not appoint a successor, so for over two months Lehi
was without a mayor. Alderman George Webb
presided at meetings of the City Council during this
time. No harmful results accrued from this novel
experience.
NEW EDUCATIONAL METHODS.
About this time there came to Lehi a young man
whose later work had a tremendous influence on the
city's educational system. This was Simon P. Eg-
gertson. Until this time, the teachers in the Lehi
schools had almost universally used the old methods
226
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1881
in teaching, methods which had for their sanction
scores of years of practice in the schools of the conn-
try. It was Eggertson who substituted for them the
beginnings of modern education ; it was he who more
than any one else laid the foundation of the school
system which later has brought Lehi educational facil-
ities up to the standard of the best schools of the State.
A CAMPAIGN FOR SHADE TREES.
The most important
teenth Citv Council \va
SIMON P. EGGERTSON.
priation of $100.00 to
fitting up the basement
work performed by the four-
s to begin the custom of plant-
ing shade trees on the
sidewalks. After a thor-
ough campaign on the
subject, the council, in
the spring of 1881, pur-
chased 1,200 locust trees
and distributed them at
cost to the citizens. A
year later they set out
Lombardy poplars the
whole length of Main
Street. The resulting
beneficial appearance of
the city was inestima-
ble.
Another noteworthy
action of this coterie of
officers was the appro-
assist the Ward Bishopric in
of the City Hall as a reading
1883]
CONTINUED GROWTH.
227
room. Details of this worthy project have already
been noted.*
BROADBENT AND SON.
In 1882 Joseph Broad-
bent and his son, Joseph
S. Broadbent, opened a
small store on First East
Street, one block north
of Main. The business
prospered from the first,
and additions were made
from time to time. The
most important of these
was a musical depart-
ment, from which the
store took its name — the
Lehi Musical Emporium
— for some years. The
firm is still conducting
its business under the
same management.
JOSEPH BROADBENT,
Merchant and Hand Cart Veteran.
SIXTEENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
February 12, 1883, was the date of the sixteenth
municipal election. Oley Ellingson was chosen
Mayor and the other officers were : Aldermen, George
Webb and Abel John Evans ; Councilors, Andrew A.
Peterson, Byron W. Brown, and John J. Child; Re-
corder, John E. Ross; Marshal, Thomas Fowler; and
Treasurer, William E. Racker. The council ap-
pointed Byron W. Brown, Attorney; Loren Olm-
^Chapter VIII.
228
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1884
stead, Pound Keeper, and Hyrum Smith and George
Beck, Policemen.
Having heard of the successful boring of artesian
wells in Salt Lake County, the City Council appointed
a committee to investi-
gate the feasibility of
similar action in Lehi.
In its report on January
23, 1884, the committee
recommended that the
city purchase a well-bor-
ing machine for the use
of its citizens. At a cost
of $377.00 this was
done. The machine was
driven by horse power
and was supposed to
drill a well ten or twelve
inches in diameter,
which would be encased
with wooden staves or
galvanized pipe. When
actually tested, the well-
borer proved a complete failure.
As a result of the continued litigation with the
farmers of American Fork bench over water rights,
the city in 1884 bought the Pool farm, a tract of land
in the very center of the disputed territory. It was
placed in charge of James 'South wick.
OLEY ELLINGSON,
Tenth Mayor of Lehi,
1883-1887; 1893-1895.
LEHI ADOPTS STANDARD TIME.
To be in accord with the rest of the country, the
1885]
CONTINUED GROWTH.
229
City Council, early in May, proclaimed the adoption
of standard time, as recently determined by govern-
ment observatories. It was necessary to set the
clocks forward twenty-eight minutes to agree exactly
with Mountain time. The change was effected
May 12.
SEVENTEENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
the people exercised their
officers for the seventeenth
On February 9, 1885,
franchise in electing city
time. Their choice for
Mayor was Oley Elling-
son; for Aldermen,
George Webb and John
E. Ross ; for Councilors,
Andrew A. Peterson,
Samuel Taylor, and Wil-
liam Clark; for Re-
corder, Edwin Evans ;
for Marshal, Thomas
Fowler; for Treasurer,
William E. Racker; and
for Assessor and Collec-
tor, Thomas Fowler.
The appointive offices
were filled as follows :
Loren Olmstead, Pound
Keeper ; Samuel R.
Thurman, Attorney ; George Glover, Joseph Roberts,
and Hyrum Smith, Policemen; and William Wanlass,
Auditor.
Lehi was visited during 1885 by a severe epidemic
WILLIAM CLARK.
230 HISTORY OF LEHI. [isse
of diphtheria. Science had not yet discovered a
method of combating this dread disease successfully,
hence, many deaths occurred, especially among the
children. It was a rare instance where some of the
little ones did not succumb when the scourge once
began its inroads on the family.
By this time the three school houses in Lehi — the
Thurman, Franklin, and Ross — were so crowded that
additional room was imperative. To meet this need,
the school trustees, George Webb. Andrew A. Peter-
son, and James P. Carter, secured the use of the City-
Hall in October, 1886. From this time until the Cen-
tral School was erected, in 1892, school was held
every year in the City Hall.
THE "UNDERGROUND."
All over Utah there began now a zealous prosecu-
tion of the recent enactments of Congress against
polygamy. In common with other towns in the Ter-
ritory, Lehi received frequent visits from Federal
officials in search of "cohabs." Many instances, both
tragic and humorous, transpired during the course of
these prosecutions, which are intensely interesting
and sometimes ludicrous to the later observer. F'or
instance, it is related that a Federal officer came to a
certain home in Lehi in search of the father, but the
only person he could find around the place was a boy
about ten years old. Thinking to. obtain some infor-
mation that might be valuable, the officer asked the
boy if he knew where any polygamists were. After a
long pause, accompanied by much scratching of the
head and digging of the bare toes into the earth, on
1887] CONTINUED GROWTH. 231
the part of the child, his eyes suddenly brightened, he
vigorously nodded his head and answered that he
could take the officer to the hiding place of a polyg-
amist. Thinking that at last he was about to make
an arrest and secure the accompanying reward, the
visitor quickly dismounted and eagerly followed the
boy around the house. Gravely leading him to the
barn and with the utmost caution opening the gate to
the yard, the boy proudly pointed to the object of
their search; and there with head erect and in the
midst of his cowering wives, stood the polygamist —
a rooster.
EIGHTEENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The election held February 9, 1887, was the eigh-
teenth in the history of the city. George Webb was
elected Mayor; Samuel Taylor and Abel John Evans,
Aldermen; Andrew A. Peterson, Jesse Smith, and
John Woodhouse, Councilors; John E. Ross, Re-
corder; Thomas Fowler, Marshal; William E. Racker,
Treasurer; and Thomas Fowler, Assessor and Col-
lector. The council appointed Michael Vaughn,
Pound Keeper; Loren Olmstead, Supervisor; Hyrum
Smith and Joseph Roberts, Policemen ; and John
Woodhouse, Attorney.
Two of this number resigned : William E. Racker
as Treasurer, his successor being John Roberts, Ji.,
and Thomas Fowler, who accepted the position of
county sheriff and moved to Provo. Joseph Roberts
became Marshal in his place.
This City Council did many things while in office,
among them being the sale of the Pool farm to
232
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Thomas R. Cutler for $2,000.00, the planting of trees
around the cemetery, the selling of the useless well
driver at public auction, the purchase of the Kelly
place for use as a public park,* and the opening up of
various streets for use, notably, the street leading to
the sugar factory, the
street leading at present
to the Sego Lily School
House and, by repairing,
the street leading from
the State Road to the
cemetery.
A CURFEW LAW PASSED.
In compliance with a
petition signed by a
large number of citizens,
the City Council, on
July 18, passed a curfew
law which provided that
children under sixteen
were prohibited from
being on the streets
after nine o'clock with-
out a guardian. The mayor was authorized to pur-
chase a bell for use as a signal in the execution of this
law. Ever since its installation in the belfry of the
City Hall, this bell has sent its silver notes out over
the city, warning many a wayward youth that his
steps should be turned homeward. It has also been
used as a fire alarm.
GEORGE WEBB,
Eleventh Mayor of Lehi
1887-1889.
*The present home of Bishop Henry Lewis. It was never
used.
1888] CONTINUED GROWTH. 233
TELEPHONE.
In 1888 the telephone reached Lehi. The first instru-
ment was installed in the People's Co-op. For a num-
ber of years it was main-
tained as a toll station.
Clarence A. Granger
was the first individual
subscriber. When more
people had begun to use
telephones, a switch-
board was built by the
Rocky Mountain Bell
Telephone Company in
the Union Hotel. Birdie
Stoddard was the first
operator and continued
as the operating direc-
tor for many years. In
1906 the company erect-
ed a building on Main
Street and installed a modern switchboard and equip-
ment.* It is now the Mountain States Telephone
and Telegraph Company.
NINETEENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The nineteenth election of city officers, observed
February 11, 1889, placed in office Samuel Taylor as
Mayor; George Webb and Edwin Evans as Aldermen;
William H. Winn, Jr., Andrew A. Peterson, and Jesse
Smith as Councilors; John E. Ross as Recorder;
Joseph Roberts as Marshal; John Roberts, Jr., as
*There are over 200 telephones in the city today.
234
HISTORY OF LEIII.
Treasurer; and Johji Woodhouse as Assessor and Col-
lector. The council appointed Loren Olmstead as
Supervisor, and Michael Vaughn as Pound Keeper.
'I"he only change in this set of officers was the resig-
nation of Edwin Evans who after a year of service
went to Paris to study art.*
SECTIONAL RIVALRY IN LEHI.
The City Council soon entangled itself in a bitter
controversy by the purchase of a lot in the north part
of town upon which to
erect a jail — the corner
of First East and Fifth
North. The long pent-
up bitterness and rivalry
between the upper and
lower parts of town
soon came to a head
over this matter. James
1 larwood headed a peti-
tion of one hundred
names to the City Coun-
cil protesting against the
building of a jail at a
point so far north. Im-
mediately, William E.
Racker, together with
ninety-two signers, sent
in a petition congrat-
ulating the council upon its choice. A bitter discus-
sion ensued which did not cease during the incum-
*Edwin Evans is now Professor of Art in the University of
Utah.
SAMUEL TAYLOR,
'welfth Mayor of Leli
1889-1891.
1889]
CONTINUED GROWTH.
235
bency of the nineteenth administration. Although
the council valiantly remained with its original in-
tention, and even went so far as to purchase a steel
cage, it was never installed on the original lot ; for
the succeeding council built a jail on the old estray
pound lot — where now stands the new Grammar
School Building — and the cage was used in a tem-
porary jail in the City
Hall. This sectional
fight raged for a long
time with periods of in-
tense bitterness recur-
ring only too often. In-
deed, it has been the
most detrimental factor
in the growth of the
city. "Up town" and
"Down town," in their
internal bickerings, have
prevented development
that otherwise would
not only have been pos-
sible but certain. Of late
years, the rivalry has to
some extent diminished,
a gratifying and hopeful sign. Its complete banish-
ment were a boon to the city.
AMES T. POWELL.
THE STREETS NAMED.
A noteworthy achievement of the nineteenth coun-
cil was the naming and lighting of the streets. Main
Street, so called so long "that the memory of man
236 HISTORY OF LEHI. U890
runneth not back to the contrary," was made the
starting point for the streets running east and west ;
for example, the first street north of Main was called
First North, the next, Second North, and the first
street south of Main, First South. For the streets
running north and south, Center Street — that street
now running between the Tabernacle and the Primary
School Building — was made the starting point; thus
the first street paralleling Center on the west is First
West, and the first one on the east is First Fast.
As an initial attempt to light the streets of Lehi,
the council, in September, 1890, placed twenty-six
gasoline street lamps at various corners.
It was this City Council also which first made an
effort to obtain the proposed sugar factory at Lehi.*
*See Chapter XVII.
CHAPTER XVI.
The Church in Lehi,
THERE is only one example in the annals of Amer-
ica of the organization of a commonwealth upon
principles of pure theocracy. There is here one exam-
ple only where the founding of a state grew out of the
founding of a new religion." So says Hubert Howe
Bancroft, the great American historian, and in these
illuminating sentences he proceeds to the very heart
of historical matters in the founding of Utah. It is
here that the history of the State differs from all oth-
ers, that it furnishes problems dissimilar to those met
elsewhere.
It is impossible to estimate the extent to which the
church influenced the lives of the pioneers of this
Commonwealth. Migrating here through a religious
motive, their belief continued to be the dominating
factor in all their affairs. The church preceded all
other organizations, whether political or social ; it was
the center of all activities; around it everything else
was built. True it is that later political institutions
were notable for their substantiality, vigor and
strength, yet it was to their ecclesiastical leaders
that the people looked ultimately for advice and lead-
ership.
A factor of such importance cannot be neglected in
considering the growth of a Utah town, especially a
238 HISTORY OF LEHI. [issi
rural community like Lehi. Here also, religion was
the dominating influence in the lives of the people.
This, then, is sufficient justification for an effort to
trace its development and chronicle its history, and
that without considering in the least the purely dog-
matic side.
Mention has already been made of instances in
which the church and its officials have been intimately
involved. Apart from such events is the history
of the church itself, the record of its growth and
expansion. This it is proposed to discuss now. Natur-
ally it is the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints — the Mormons — which must necessarily be the
subject of most of this study, but due consideration
will also be given to the work of another denomina-
tion, the Congregationalists, who in later times estab-
lished a mission and school in Lehi.
BISHOP DAVID EVANS.
Mention has already been made of the arrival of
Bishop David Evans, February 15, 1851.* At once he
became the directing personality in the little settle-
ment, and led the people in their struggle to obtain a
foothold on Dry Creek. For this work he was emi-
nently qualified, sturdy, determined, plain, outspoken,
resourceful, a pioneer in every respect. Soon after
his arrival, the Dry Creek Ward was organized with
David Evans as Bishop, Charles Hopkins and David
Savage as Counselors, and Jehial McConnell as ward
clerk. For twenty-eight years Bishop Evans held this
position, during the whole time when the infant city
♦Chapter V.
1852]
THE CHURCH IN LEHI. 239
was struggling against colossal hardships, when it
gained its feet sufficiently to combat the Indians and
grasshoppers, when it acquired stability enough to
make the future look hopeful and finally when it blos-
somed into a flourishing city — a wonderful transfor-
mation from the Evansville of 1851 to the Lehi of
1879.
FIRST CHANGE IN THE BISHOPRIC.
In 1852 Jehial McConnell and Lorenzo H. Hatch
were set apart as First and Second Counselors to
Bishop Evans, Charles Hopkins and David Savage
having been released for other work in the church.*
LEHI'S FIRST MISSIONARIES.
It was also at this time that the first missionaries
were sent out. Canute Peterson went to Norway,
William Fotheringham to India, Thomas Karren to
the Sandwich Islands, and Preston Thomas to Texas
— truly a widely scattered field.!" These first envoys
of the Church have been succeeded by many scores of
faithful and zealous elders, but it is doubtful if any
left their homes under such extreme hardships — a
little village, founded in a desert and in its second year
of struggle for existence, able to send men to such
widely divergent places as India, Norway and Hawaii!
*This other work was in the presidency of the Lehi Ward, an
organization supposed to be equal in authority to the Bishopric.
Such a presidency was a common practice in the Church in early
days. Charles Hopkins was President, David Savage was First
Counselor and Samuel D. White Second Counselor. So much
friction arose with the Bishopric that the office of president was
soon abolished, his functions passing to the Bishop.
tThe next year, 1853, Israel Evans went to Wales on a mis-
sion.
240 HISTORY OF LEHI. [iss3-i863
Such devotion speaks well for the vitality and strength
of the religious beliefs of Lehi's founders.
JEHIAL McCONNELL RESIGNS.
In 1853, Jehial McConnell resigned as First Coun-
selor in the Bishopric in order to move to southern
Utah. Lorenzo H. Hatch was promoted to be First
and Abel Evans chosen to be Second Counselor in the
subsequent reorganization.
QUORUMS ORGANIZED.
No further changes were made in the constituency
of the ward leaders during the next ten years, but
this period was a time of substantial progress and
growth. The Meeting House was erected in 1855,
and numerous expeditions sent out to aid immigrants,
beginning in 1856. January 17, 1858, the first elders'
quorum was organized,* while four years later, in
November, 1862, the sixty-eighth quorum of seventy
was installed."!'
COUNSELOR HATCH MOVES TO CACHE VALLEY.
In 1863, First Counselor Lorenzo H. Hatch moved
to Cache Valley, thus creating a vacancy in the Bish-
*The only known members are William Goates, president;
William Southwick, Isaac Chilton, Henry Simmonds, and Peter
Christofferson.
tThe officers were: J. R. Murdock, O. C. Murdock, John C.
Xagle, Israel Evans, John Brown, J. R. Moyle of Alpine, and
W. S. S. Willes; the members: William SouthwicK, Samuel
James, Oley Ellingson, Jacob Bushman, William H. Winn, Ed-
win Standring, Michael Vaughn, John Jacobs, James P. Carter,
Robert Stoney, J. Abrams, H. A. Wedge, T. R. Jones, E. Wat-
sons, L. Titcomb, E. M. Allison, William A. Bell, John Andrea-
son, William Gurney, and Jens Holm.
1865-1866]
THE CHURCH IN LEHI.
241
opric. To fill this, Abel Evans was promoted to the
office of First Counselor, and Canute Peterson se-
lected as Second Counselor.
ABEL EVANS— A MISSIONARY TO WALES.
The Bishopric continued without change as to
membership until May, 1865. when First Counselor
Abel Evans left Lehi for
a mission to Wales, his
native country. Canute
Peterson then became
First Counselor and
Thomas Karren Second
Counselor.
After eighteen months
of missionary labor,
Counselor Evans con-
tracted a severe cold
which later proved fatal,
his death occurring No-
vember 30, 1866. A
month afterwards, when
the sad news reached
Lehi, it cast a feeling of
gloom over the entire
community. Abel Evans had been a man of excep-
tional worth to the people of Lehi, because of his
integrity, uprightness, and devotion to duty.
ABEL EVANS.
SUNDAY SCHOOL ORGANIZED.
Although a temporary Sunday School organization
had been effected in 1851, it was not permanently or-
17
J4:
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1866-1867
ganizecl until 1866.* At that time, James W. Taylor..
William Yates, and William Gurney became inter-
ested in the possibilities of such a school, and advo-
cated its adoption. At
firs-t meeting with little
response, it was soon
recognized that the
hitherto free Sunday af-
ternoons might be prof-
itably utilized; so the
organization followed.
James W. Taylor was
Superintendent of the
first school, Daniel S.
Thomas, Israel Evans,
Martin B. Bushman, Re-
becca Standring, Mar-
garet Taylor (Mrs. Ira
D. Wines), and Mrs.
Elisha H. Davis were
tames r. taylor. teachers, and approxi-
mately twenty-five pupils attended. For lack of other
books, the children studied reading and spelling.
Among the later Sunday School workers of that
period might be mentioned James Kirkham, Joseph
Broadbent. Charles Phillips, and James- Gough.
WILLIAM II. WINN A NEW COUNSELOR.
In 1867, First Counselor Canute Peterson was
*Of this early school, George Zimmerman was Superintend-
ent; Israel Evans, J. Hatch and Jehial McConnell were teach-
ers, while Joseph Ashton, Peter Lott, Matilda Evans and Susan
Territory were pupils. Meetings were held in the log school
house during two winters only.
1868-1871] THE CHURCH IN LEHI. 243
called to become bishop of the ward at Ephraim, so
he resigned his position with Bishop Evans. Second
Counselor Thomas Karren succeeded him and he, in
turn, was followed by William H. Winn. No further
change occurred for ten years.
OTHER ORGANIZATIONS FOUNDED.
The Woman's Relief Society was first organized
in Lehi, in 1868.* It has since built a meeting house
of its own and possesses several granaries. It has
done much to alleviate distress and misfortune among
the poor of the city.
Both teachers't and high priests'! quorums date
their organization from 1869, the former on Novem-
ber 28, while the exact time of the latter's first meet-
ing is unknown.
The year 1871 saw the inception of the first dea-
cons' quorum. § The initial meeting was held March 7.
*In the first imperfect organization, Sarah J. Coleman was
president and Rebecca Standring counselor. On October 27,
1868, the organization was perfected. Sarah J. Coleman was
president, Martha P. Thomas and Barbara Ann Evans were
counselors, and Rebecca Standring and Mary Ann Davis acted
as secretary and treasurer, respectively.
tThe members were: William Yates, William Clark, William
Gurney, Isaac Goodwin, William Goates Sen., Charles Barnes,
John Zimmerman, Oley Rllingson, William Southwick, William
Ball, and Jacob Bushman. The first three named constituted
the presidency; Charles Barnes was secretary.
tjanuary 3, 1869, is the date of the first meeting that this
quorum is known to have held. It had forty-two members en-
rolled, with Daniel S. Thomas as president and Joseph J. H.
Colledge as secretary.
§Andrew A. Peterson, John Jacobs, Jacob Bushman, Elisha
Peck, J. L. Rosbottom, Jacob Cox, Peter Peterson, Andrew R.
Anderson, Newal A. Brown, George Kirkham, and Martin B.
Bushman constituted this quorum. The first four named were
the presiding officers and secretary.
244
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1875-1878
The Young Ladies' Retrenchment Society made its
appearance in Lehi, April 23, 1875.* This organization
was later succeeded by
the Young Ladies' Mu-
tual Improvement As-
sociation. Both this
and the similar society,
the Young Men's Mu-
tual Improvement Asso-
ciation, which was
founded in 1875, have
had much to do with the
social and intellectual
activities of the younger
people in the city. Sam-
uel R. Thurman was the
first president of the lat-
ter. At various times
they have maintained a
MRS. REBECCA STANDRING. c ,. ,
tree reading room, and
conducted the public dances.
The Primary Association was established in 1878.1'
DEATH OF COUNSELOR THOMAS KARREN.
On April 4, 1877, First Counselor Thomas Karren
passed to the Great Beyond. William H. Winn was
promoted to fill the vacancy caused by his death, and
William Goates was designated Second Counselor.
*Orinda Davis CMrs. Delbert II. Allred), was president.
tThe presidencies of the three districts with their aids, in
order, are: Mary A. Davis, Mary A. Webb, Rebecca Evans;
Eliza Smuin, Hannah P. Jones, Mary A. Anderson; Ellen Jones,
Esther Sirnmonds, Tolly Turner.
BISHOP THOMAS R. CUTLER.
246 HISTORY OF LEHI. usn
REORGANIZATION.
This arrangement continued for one year, when a
disagreement arose between Bishop Evans and Coun-
selor Winn which resulted in the relieving of the
latter of his position. In the reorganization which
followed. William Goates was made First Counselor
and Andrew R. Anderson Second Counselor.
THOMAS R. CUTLER SUCCEEDS BISHOP EVANS.
By this time Bishop Evans had become an aged
man. and with the addition of poor health to inter-
fere with his duties, he concluded to resign. On
September 21, 1879, after twenty-eight years of ser-
vice such as few men have had the opportunity and
ability to give, he was honorably released from his
position. For his successor was chosen Thomas R.
Cutler, and associated with him William H. Winn
and Andrew R. Anderson as counselors. Bishop
Cutler had come to Lehi fourteen years previously
and engaged in the mercantile business for T. and
W. Taylor. Later he had become the head of the
People's Co-operative Institution. His business
training and his native ability qualified him eminently
to lead the affairs of the ward under the new condi-
tions which he was later to meet. Like his predeces-
sor. Bishop Cutler served the people of Lehi as then-
ecclesiastical leader during an extended period, his
incumbency measuring twenty-four years. He saw
the city grow from a town in the infancy of business
development to the commercial, industrial, and agri-
cultural center that is modern Lehi.
1883-1888] THE CHURCH IN LEHI. 247
( )ne of the first official acts of the new bishop was
the building of a tithing office on Second East, mid-
way between State Street and Sixth North. Only a
barn was moved from the old tithing office lot. James
Kirkham was named tithing- clerk.*
DEATH OF BISHOP EVANS.
After a strenuous and well-spent life of almost
eighty years, former Bishop David Evans parsed away
June 23, 1883. He was buried with great honors, a
special train bringing prominent Church and State
officials from Salt Lake and other parts o/f the Terri-
tory.
DEATH OF COUNSELOR WINN.
Bishop Evans was soon followed ! to the do-
mains of the Grim Reaper by his former counselor,
William H. Winn. His death occurred April 26, 1884.
Andrew R. Anderson now became First Counselor,
and Edwin Standring Second Counselor.
ANOTHER DEATH IN THE BISHOPRIC.
On November 13, 1888, Counselor Edwin Stand-
ring died, leaving another vacancy in the Bishopric.
William Clark was selected to occupy his place.
NORTH-WEST BRANCH ORGANIZED.
Because of their partial isolation from the main
*Jehial McConnell, Thomas Taylor, Willkmi H. Winn, Charles
Widerberg, Robert Lapish, William Wanlass, Thomas, R. Cutler,
Christian Racker, and William E. Racker had held this position
under Bishop Evans,
248
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[189;
body of church members, and because of their ever-
increasing numbers, the people in the north-west part
of town — called variously the New Survey, Lehi Junc-
tion, and "Over the Creek" — desired to have a branch
organization of their own. Their request was granted,
and on October 1, 1893, the North-west Branch was
organized with Thomas R. Jones as president. Later
he was succeeded by W. W. Clark. One year later
THIRD WARD CHAPEL.
the branch began the erection of a meeting house
which has been in use ever since.
THE NEW TABERNACLE.
The need for a new meeting place had now long
been apparent. The old Meeting House was entirely
1900] THE CHURCH IN LEHI. 249
inadequate to seat the great number of worshipers
who thronged there every Sunday; and the pride of
the people demanded a larger and more modern
structure. For many years there had been only talk
and desire for a new chapel ; the erection of a taber-
nacle in Provo proved to be all the burden the church
members in Lehi could carry. Finally, when the as-
sessment from Provo had been met, the movement
for a tabernacle in Lehi assumed definite form. A
committee was appointed by Bishop Cutler, consist-
ing of himself, Henry Lewis, E. A. Bushman, Jr.,
Elias Jones, Heber Austin, Mark Austin, and Franz
Salzner, who were to have entire charge of the build-
ing operations.
The first move of the committee was to secure a
lot. After numerous conferences and investigations
of proposed sites, the lot on the north-east corner of
Center and Second North Streets was purchased and
cleared. The consideration of plans for the building
was the next step. After an extensive study of the
work of many architects, the plans of R. Kletting*
wrere accepted. To raise the necessary money was
now the formidable task which confronted the com-
mittee. Steps were soon taken to levy assessments
against the members of the ecclesiastical ward in such
amount as, in the judgment of the committee, they
could consistently meet. The payment of these as-
sessments lasted through many years, but were in
the end met.
Work on the excavation began in February, 1900.
Much of it was performed without remuneration, and
*He later drew the plans for the State Capitol.
!50
I I IS I < >KY < )!•' LEHI.
11901
provision was also made that assessments could be
paid in labor. The laving' of the foundation, which
was of cement and limestone, was under the direction
of John Donaldson. In eighteen months this part of
the building had been completed, so that on Septem-
ber 14. 1901. the corner stone could be laid. Lorenzo
Snow, at that time President of the Mormon Church,
was invited to officiate at the exercises, but in his
LAYING Or CORNER STONE OF NEW TABERNACLE.
enforced absence. Bishop Thomas R. Cutler swung
into place the large block on the soL;th-west corner.
The occasion was marked by the attendance of most
of the citizens and by appropriate exercises.
1902] the mi urn in leiii. 251
The following years witnessed the continuation of
the work of construction. The masons were in charge
of Elias Jones, while Monroe Wilson directed the car-
penter work on the outside. John S. Willes erected
the rostrum, and Fred Merrill and William Turner
performed the plastering-. The walls were built of
white pressed brick. The building as completed is
121 feet in length and 76 feet in width, the dimensions
of the main auditorium being 80 feet and 60 feet. The
tower rises to the height of 112 feet. The seating ca-
pacity of the Tabernacle is 1100, and its total cost
$46,000.00.
In five years the erection of the building had pro-
gressed to such a stage that meetings could be held
in it. September 3, 1905. was the date of the initial
gathering, a notable event in the life of the city. To
observe the occasion fittingly, elaborate exercises
were prepared, and numerous distinguished visitors
entertained. From that date, assemblies of all kinds
— religious, political, civic, patriotic, educational — -
have been held in the Tabernacle.
The crowning feature of the building is the giant
pipe organ which was installed soon after the Taber-
nacle began to be utilized for public meetings. This
instrument cost $3,700.00; is 19 feet high, 8 feet deep,
20 feet wide, and weighs 9 tons. It consists of three
organs — great, swell, and pedal, and has 13 couplers
and a total of 792 pipes.
Five years more were necessary before the Taber-
nacle was completed. On Sunday, May 15, 1910, the
building was dedicated by Joseph F. Smith, president
of the Latter-dav Saints, amid the intense gratifica-
1902] THE CHURCH IN LEHI. 253
tion of the people who had labored so long to erect
the magnificent structure.
The basement is fitted up with an auditorium and
various small rooms, which are used as the assembly
rooms of the Second Ward.
COUNSELOR CLARK RESIGNS.
On account of old age and failing health, Second
Counselor William Clark resigned on November 23,
1902. His successor in the office was Andrew Fjeld,
a son Of Carl J. E. Fjeld (the hand cart veteran), a
native of Lehi, and long one of the most active church
workers in the ward.
LEHI WARD DIVIDED.
The time had now come when the growth of the
Lehi Ward had placed it out of all bounds of admin-
istration, under the existing system. It was impera-
tive that it be divided. Accordingly, on December
20, 1903, a meeting of all church members was held,
and plans for the segregation were announced. The
Northwest Branch was to become the Third Ward, the
north-east part of town was to be called the Fourth
Ward, the southern and older section of the city was
designated the First Ward, and the north central part
received the name of Second Ward. Four men with
counselors were selected to preside over, the new
wards, and steps taken fully to get the new organiza-
tions and business under way. The new bishops did
not assume the duties of their offices until January
1, 1904.
A later concerted action of the wards was the pur-
254
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1904
chase of the lot on Center and Second North Streets
tor use as a tithing office.
THE FIRST WARD.
Andrew Fjeld was the
new bishop of the First
Ward with George
Schow and R. John
Whipple as his counsel-
ors. Bishop Fjeld had
been counselor to Bish-
op Cutler, and by na-
tural ability and faithful
training was thoroughly
fitted for his new work.
The ward now took pos-
session of the old Meet-
ing House, and held
their assemblies there.
No changes have been
made in the Bishopric,
and the ward since its
beginning has experi-
bishop Andrew fjeld. enced a time of contin-
ual advancement and progress.
the second ward.
For bishop of the Second Ward was chosen James
H. Gardner, with Andrew C. Pearson and William F.
Gurney as counselors. Bishop Gardner was then and
is now the superintendent of the Lehi sugar factory.
He had made his home in the city in 1890, when the
factory was built, having learned the sugar business
THE CHURCH IN LEHI.
255
while on a mision in Hawaii. His previous active
work in church affairs and his natural endowment of
executive ability quali-
fied him to perform the
functions of his office
successfully. The Sec-
ond Ward adapted the
basement of the Xew
Tabernacle for its as-
sembly rooms, meeting
with the First Ward
conjointly once every
Sunday. On July 8,
1906, First Counselor
Andrew C. Pearson re-
signed to become super-
intendent of the sugar
factory at Nampa, Ida-
ho. To fill the vacancy
created by his removal.
Counselor Gurney was promoted and James M. Kirk-
ham became Second Counselor. Later, on January
20, 1913, the latter accepted a call to a position in the
Alpine Stake Sunday School; his successor is John
W. Wing, Jr.
r.ISIIOP TAMES II. GARDNER.
THE THIRD WARD.
The three men chosen for the Bishopric of the
Third Ward were Henry Lewis, George Glover, and
Jackson Wanlass. Bishop Lewis had performed some
meritorious work in connection with the quorums of
boys and young men, and his ability demonstrated in
256
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1904-1910
this capacity was undoubtedly among the causes of
his call to change his residence from the heart of
the city to the old
North-west Branch and
become the head of the
new ward created there.
The chapel of the
branch was taken over
by the ward as its place
of meeting. On August
14. 1910, the Bishopric
was reorganized, both
Counselor Glover and
Counselor Wanlass be-
ing honorably released.
In their places, W. \Y.
Dickerson and William
Hatfield were named.
THE FOURTH WARD.
BISHOP HENRY LEWIS.
For a number of years
before the division of the Lehi Ward, John Stoker
had been tithing clerk, and it was his faithfulness in
this position that made him the logical man for
bishop of the Fourth Ward. As his counselors were
chosen Robert Fox and Samuel Smith. At first the
ward held its meetings in the Lehi Commercial and
Savings Bank Building, but in May, 1909, the corner
stone for a new ward chapel was laid. It is now
near completion. Because of necessary absence from
home, James Clark, December 3, 1905, succeeded
Counselor Smith in the Bishopric.
1880]
THE CHURCH IX LEHI.
257
THE NEW WEST CHURCH AND SCHOOL.
In 1880, the New West Educational Commission,
with headquarters in Boston, founded a mission
school in Lehi for the purpose of furnishing better
educational facilities to the young men and women
of the city. Securing a
lot on Main Street, the
Commission sent to
Lehi as its first teachers
Miss Carter and Miss
W'inslow. These ladies
began school in the cot-
tage with four pupils
— Lily Harwood. Rose
I larwood, M innie Wines
and Eugene Wines. At
first the work was whol-
ly of a high school char-
acter, hut gradually it
was enlarged until it in-
cluded all the grades.
and finally the high
i , r • • pjsnor tottx stoker.
school division was
dropped. It was early demonstrated that the cottage
was too small for the attendance, so funds were so-
licited in the East, and a school house erected ; it has
since been called the Xew West School. In its early
stages, the school was well attended. In later years,
it passed out of the control of the Xew West Com-
mission and was taken over by the Congregational
Church, which has since maintained it. In addition
258
[ I STORY OF JLK1-1L.
L18SH
to the school work, the church conducts religious
services during the school year, and at various times
has had ministers in residence.
NEW WEST SCHOOL HOUSE.
CHAPTER XVII.
The Beet Sugar Industry.
WHEN the sugar factory was built in Lehi,in 1890,
there was added to the city its most important
commercial factor. Immediately an impetus was given
to all business in the town. Lehi became widely
known as the first sugar city in the West. The fac-
tory has since continued to be her chief claim to more
than ordinary distinction, while the industry has
brought immense benefits, not only to the municipal-
ity itself, but to the whole surrounding country.
PRELIMINARY STEPS.
ion
of
The story of the steps which led up to the erect
of the factory in Lehi is best told in the words
Thomas R. Cutler, Manager of the Utah-Idaho Sugar
Company.
"The first attempt at making beet sugar in Utah
was in 1852, when President John Taylor. Elias Mor-
ris and others brought some machinery from France
and across the plains by ox teams.* This attempt.
however, proved a failure, and some of the remnants
*This factory was in the south-eastern part of Salt Lake City,
and from it the district called Sugar House gets its name. Set-
tlers in Lehi planted some of the beet seed brought to Utah in
this venture. See Chapter V.
260 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1852-1890
of this machinery may be seen amongst other relics
in the Deseret Museum.
"Of course this machinery was not at all modern
and was what is called the 'Open Kettle Plan." which
could not be use/ljn the production of beet sugar.
"Some years, aiterward, Arthur Stayner conceived
the idea of sorghum sugar, and quantities of sorghum
cane were planted in the State. He did produce a
brown sugar and obtained a prize' of $5,000.00 from
the Legislature.
"A committee was appointed to visit Fort Scott,
Kansas, where a sorghum sugar factory had been
running for a period of years, but when the committee-
reached the place, the company was about to dis-
solve. It was decided, because of earlyfrosts in the
higher altitude, that sorghum cane could not be de-
pended upon in large quantities for the purpose de-
sired : and that idea was abandoned.
"After these investigations, the prominent people
who had taken part in the experiments got together,
formed a company called the Utah Sugar Company,
and built the first sugar factory in the Rocky Moun-
tains, located in Lehi. in 1890.
"There was one factor)- in the United States that
had been running for one year previous to this.
located at Grand Island. Nebraska, and owned by the
Oxnards; also one at Alvarado. California, that had
been in operation under various vicissitudes for sev-
eral years and. notwithstanding that the government
of the United States had passed a bounty law offering
two cents per pound for all the sugar produced by
beet factories for a period of years, capital was slow
1890] THE BEET SUGAR INDUSTRY. 261
to avail itself of the opportunity. ******
"The officers and directors of the first company
were Elias Morris. President : George O. Cannon.
Vice-President ; Thomas R. Cutler, Heber J. Grant,
Moses Thatcher, Frank Armstrong, W. B. Preston,
James Jack, George M. Cannon. Barlow Ferguson,
John Beck, and John R. Winder, Directors; with
Thomas R. Cutler, Manager, and Arthur Stayner,
Secretary."*
CITY COUNCIL OFFERS BOUNTY.
To induce the recently organized Utah Sugar Com-
pany to erect its plant in Lehi, the City Council
offered them, on August 20, 1890, a bounty of
$1,000.00. The following 6th of January this amount
was increased $6,000.00. promised by a committee of
the citizens which had been appointed to make addi-
tional efforts to secure the factory. John Beck also
worked hard to obtain the factory for Lehi. Finally
the company decided that the Lehi offer was the most
attractive and selected that city as the site of the first
factory in the West.
♦From an article in the Richfield Reaper.
Additional information on this point is given by Albert F.
Philips, in The Salt Lake Tribune. October 1, 1907: ,
"Experiments in the manufacture of beet sugar in the United
States were made in 1830, a company being formed in Philadel-
phia, but little was accomplished, only a few hundred pounds of
sugar being made. Several years later at Northampton, Massa-
chusetts, another beet sugar factory was started. But 1,300
pounds -of sugar were made and in 1840 its owner. David L.
Child, abandoned the plant.
"In Utah the third attempt at manufacturing sugar from beets
was made. Thi- was in 1852 and 1853. A plant was purchased
in England [should be France. II. G-l and -hipped to Provo,
but it was never started."
262
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1890
THE FACTORY BUILT.
Because of the large supply of water available in
the so-called "Mill Pond," the Utah Sugar Company
purchased from Thadeus Powell the site of the old
Mulliner flour mill, which, together with the adjoin-
ing- land, made an ideal location for a sugar factory.
The corner stone was
laid, December 26, 1890.
by President Wilford
Woodruff of the Church
of Jesus Christ of Lat-
ter-day Saints, which
had invested heavily in
the new industry to as-
sist it.* After the cere-
monies at the factory, a
lunch was served in the
Opera House and a cele-
bration carried out in
honor of the beginning
of an enterprise that
was to mean much to
the city's future. The
contract for the con-
struction of the plant had been given to E. H. Dyer
& Sons, of Cleveland, Ohio. Immediately they be-
gan the work of building, an operation that furnished
much employment to laboring men in Lehi. With
its machinery, the factory cost $500,000.00.
JOHN BECK.
*The weather on this day and the rest of the winter was
especially propitious, so much so that work on the walls was
carried on with only few intermissions.
THE BEET SUGAR INDUSTRY.
263
THE FIRST CAMPAIGN.
In the spring of 1891, the first beet seed was planted
by George Austin on land belonging- to George
Comer. The event was a notable one. many people,
including Manager Thomas R. Cutler of the Utah
Sugar Company, being present to watch the operation
of the planter. From the
crop in Lehi and sur-
rounding towns suffi-
cient beets were har-
vested to conduct the
factory through its first
campaign, in the fall of
1891. The result was
about 1.000.000 pounds
of refined granulated
sugar which was imme-
diately placed on the lo-
cal and outside markets.
Every autumn since that
year has seen the plant
going at full capacity,
transforming the juice
of the beets, by means
of its myriads of mysterious processes, into pure white
crystals of sugar. The total output of sugar since the
beginning has been 377,935,200 pounds.*
CLARENCE A. GRANGER.
*"Utah and Idaho comprise a large, contiguous sugar beet
area and in the richness of the sugar content these states are
only rivaled by California. ' The present sugar production within
these states is four times the domestic consumption, and yet
the capacity of the nine factories in operation is considerably
larger than the supply of beets from the 48,000 acres in Cultiva-
tion." George Thomas Surface in "The Story of Sugar," p. 125.
264 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1890-1913
OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY.
Since the organization of the first company, Thomas
R. Cutler lias acted as its manager, directing the
alt airs of the Utah Sugar Company and its successor,
the Utah-Idaho Sugar Company, with efficiency and
success. lie still holds the position of manager in
addition to being vice-president. In 1903. because of
the ever increasing territory embraced in the business
operations of the company, he moved to Salt Lake
City where the central offices had been established.
Clarence A. Granger of Alvarado, California, was
the first superintendent of the Lehi factory, occupying
the position until 1897, when he accepted a similar
position in Greeley, Colorado. Hy A. Vallez, a native
of France, was his successor, hi 1899, Vallez moved
to Michigan, and James H. Gardner became superin-
tendent; he has held the position ever since. Super-
intendent Gardner is a Utah man who learned the
sugar business in the Hawaiian Islands while on a
mission. This knowledge enabled him to secure a
position when the new factory was erected. At the
present time, besides acting as superintendent of the
Lehi factory, he is General Consulting Superintendent
of the company and a member of the Technical Board
which directs the operation of the plants.
The first agricultural superintendent of the Utah
Sugar Company was George Austin. In 1892, he
became General Consulting Agricultural Superintend-
ent and later moved to Salt Lake City. His brother,
lleber Austin, filled the vacancy caused by his pro-
motion. When, in 1896, Heber Austin went on a mis-
sion to England, Mark Austin became agricultural
1890-1913] THE BEET SUGAR INDUSTRY. 265
superintendent. In 1904. Mark Austin became Resi-
dent Manager of the sugar factory at Sugar City.
Idaho, and his place was filled in Lehi by Parley Aus-
tin, who still holds the position.
M. W. Ingalls has acted as the chief engineer of
the Lehi factory since its erection, but in addition he
is at present General Consulting Engineer of the
whole company and a member of the Technical Board.
GROWTH OF THE INDUSTRY FROM LEHI.
Although experiencing some difficulty at first, the
sugar industry in Lehi has from the beginning been
an unqualified success. When it had been thoroughly
demonstrated that beet sugar could be produced prof-
itably in the Great Basin, the Utah Sugar Company
began to expand. It established cutting stations in
Bingham Junction. Springville, and Provo and con-
structed pipe lines through which the extracted juice
was pumped to the Lehi factory. This was now en-
larged to handle the additional supply of juice. After
a few years, the Bingham Junction station was aban-
doned and moved to Spanish Fork. Finally, in 1903.
the Utah Sugar Company constructed a new factory
in Garland. Utah. This was followed by other fac-
tories in Idaho Falls, Sugar City. Blackfoot (by pur-
chase), and Nampa, Idaho, and Elsinore and Parson.
Utah. Thus from the parent factory in Lehi has
grown a system of sugar plants all over the Rocky
Mountain region, both from the Utah-Idaho Sugar
Company and the Amalgamated Sugar Company.
And although the old mill in Lehi is far from the most
modern plant of the system, still it produces a-- high
1890-1913] THE BEET SUGAR INDUSTRY. 267
a grade of sugar as any of its younger rivals, and does
its work more expeditiously and efficiently.
EFFECTS ON LEHI.
The establishment of the sugar industry in Lehi has
been a tremendous boon to its growth. Thousands
of dollars have been paid every year for beets to the
farmers and hardly a less sum to laboring men. Every
campaign the factory employs three hundred men.
most of whom are from Lehi. What this means not
only to the laborers themselves but a'so to the busi-
ness of the city can hardly be estimated. There can
be no doubt but that the sugar industry has been the
most important element in the commercial growth
of Lehi.
But the commercial gain is not the only effect the
factory has had upon the municipality. It has brought
many people to Lehi and sent a far greater number
out to other places. When new factories have been
established, most of the responsible positions have
been given to Lehi men who had learned their busi-
ness in the Lehi factory. Thus there are little Lehi
colonies wherever new factories have been construct-
ed in Utah and Idaho. Not only this, but a great
demand has existed for experienced agricultural ad-
visers who had been successful in raising beets in
Lehi. To supply this demand has been the cause of
many removals of Lehi families to neighboring and
even distant states. On the whole, therefore, Lehi
has played an exceptional part in developing the sugar
industry in the West, even at the loss of some of her
verv best citizens.
CHAPTER XVII]
Prosperity.
WI'I II the establishment of the sugar factory in
Lehi there began an unprecedented era of bus-
iness growth. New enterprises of various kinds were
set on foot, and on every side could be seen the evi-
dences of prosperity. Especially was this true of the
business portion of the city on State Street. Here
within a short time were founded the town's first
bank, the first pretentious hotel, and a second livery
stable.
LEHI COMMERCIAL AND SAVINGS BANK.
In 1891, Thomas R. Cutler. Ira D. Wines. William
E. Racker. and William Clark, together with a num-
ber of Salt Lake City capitalists, organized the first
banking company in Lehi — the Lehi Commercial and
Savings Bank. The company at once began the erec-
tion of a brick and stone building on the corner of
State Street and Second East which was finished the
next year, when the doors were opened for business.
Oley Ellingson, Jr., was the first cashier, and his suc-
cessors have been John Y. Smith, under whose direc-
tion a branch was established in American Fork and
a re-incorporation under the name of the Utah Bank-
ing Company effected. Charles C. Friel. and at present
William E. Evans. On January 23, 1911, the bank
1891 I
PROSPERITY.
269
closed its doors and went into the hands of a receiver
for a period of approximately a year, since when it
has been in constant operation.
THE UNION HOTEL.
In the same year which saw the launching of
bank, Thomas R. Cutler,
Ira D. Wines, and Wil-
liam E. Racker erected
the Union Hotel, a two-
story brick structure, on
the corner of State and
First East Streets. For
many years Robert Stod-
dard was the genial
manager of this hostlery
and it enjoyed an excel-
lent reputation and a
profitable clientage. Lat-
er, however, it proved
an unsatisfactory invest-
ment, and was finally
closed. In 1909, Ira D.
Wines renovated the
building thoroughly and
installed new furnishings, since when the hotel has
again enjoyed some measure of prosperity. It is now
owned by the People's Co-operative Institution.
ROBERT STODDARD,
Hotel Proprietor and Hand Cart
Veteran.
A SECOND LIVERY STABLE.
It was in 1890 that the People's Co-operative Insti-
tution built a commodious livery stable on the south-
270 HISTORY OF LEH1. Li»i
west corner of Second East and State Streets and
installed Charles Barnes as manager, with an equip-
ment of twelve horses. After one year, William
Wing succeeded Barnes and continued to have
charge of the establishment until 1905, when Ham-
mer Brothers secured possession of it. The business
was continued by them until 1909, when it was sold
to Elam Foutz, who had the buildings torn down.
THE LEHI BANNER.
On Monday, June 1, 1891. the Lehi Banner made
its first appearance. It was a weekly devoted to the
interests of the city. At first owned by the Lehi Pub-
lishing Company, it was later acquired by George
Webb, who from the first had acted as editor. He
continued publishing the paper until 1905. when it was
leased to James M. Kirkham. At the expiration of
one year, Kirkham bought the entire plant and is-
sued the paper himself. Until 1908, The Banner had
a home of its own on First East Street, between
Third and Fourth North, but at that time it was moved
to the James Kirkham & Sons Building, on First
East and Sixth North. The plant was considerably
enlarged with modern printing appliances, and in
connection with The Banner, the Deseret Farmer
was published. In 1913, the paper was sold to the
Alpine Publishing Company.
TWENTIETH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
For some elections previous to the twentieth there
had been slight factional lines drawn between the
Liberal Party, whose first meeting was held in Lehi
lsyij
PROSPERITY.
271
September 22, 1882, and the People's Party, but the
Liberal strength was only nominal, the nomination
on the People's Party ticket always insuring election.
In the nominating caucus of this party, for the ap-
proaching election in 1891, a very spirited contest de-
veloped. For some time the younger men in the city
had been conducting a civil government class to
acquaint themselves with the theory of politics. Now
they determined to apply their knowledge and use
their class as a vehicle
to carry out their plans.
Accordingly they ap-
peared at the nominat-
ing caucus at the Meet-
ing House. February 2.
thoroughly organized
to annex the whole
ticket of nominees. Tak-
ing the convention by
storm, they succeeded,
much to the surprise
and chagrin of their
elder co-partizans. in al-
most carrying out their
purpose. A week later
the election followed. ABEL JOhn evans,
Abel John -EvailS Was Thirteenth Mayor of Lehi (1891-1893).
chosen Mayor; William
S. Evans, Joseph Goates, James B. Gaddie, Louis
Garff, John Woodhouse, Oley Ellingson, and Thomas
F. Trane, Councilors (the legislature had in 1888 abol-
ished the office of alderman, so none were chosen at
272 HISTORY OK LB HI. ti89i
this election I : John E. Ross. Recorder: Edwin Good-
win. Marshal; John Roberts, Jr.. Treasurer; and By-
ron W. Brown. Justice.
Appointments were. Prime Evans. Attorney; John
YVorlton. Supervisor: and John E. Ross. Pound
Keeper. As Byron \Y. Brown failed to qualify as
Justice. L. Benjamin Willes was appointed, but after
a few months' service he resigned in favor of Edward
Smith. At a later date. Hyrum Timothy succeeded
Edwin Goodwin as Marshal and John R. Gurney fol-
lowed John E. Ross as Pound Keeper.
Shortlv after its induction into office, the City
Council cleared all the platted streets, and opened up
a number of new thoroughfares.
PRESIDENT HARRISON VISITS LEHI.
For the first time in its history. Lehi had the honor.
in 1891, of entertaining' the President of the United
States. Bi that year President Benjamin Harrison
made a brief stop at the sugar factor}-, where the Sil-
ver Band and the citizens gave him a most cordial
reception. The President stayed only long- enough to
hear a brief .address of welcome from Thomas R.
Cutler.
THE CENTRAL SCHOOL HOUSE.
George Webb. Andrew A. Peterson, and James
P. Carter were the trustees of the Lehi school
district, in 1892, when -the Central School House
was erected. Before deciding on the site, a bit-
ter sectional fight arose, but finally the citizens from
the northern part of the town carried their point, and
a lot on the corner of Sixth North and Center Streets
PROSPERITY.
273
was purchased. Watkins was the architect of the
structure, and $20,000.00 its initial cost. At first only
six class rooms were finished, but the necessity for
CENTRAL SCHOOL HOUSE.
more was soon demonstrated with a resulting enlarge-
ment. The building has performed excellent service
to the present time, and bids fair yet to have many
vears of usefulness.
NOTED EDUCATORS.
Among the many teachers who have labored to
instruct the young people of Lehi in this building two
19
274 HISTORY OF LEIU. nwz
stand out with especial distinctness — James M. An-
derson and George N. Child. For many years Mr.
Anderson had been the supervisor of the Lehi public
schools and the teacher of the eighth grade. More
than a few of the prominent men and women who
have achieved fame in after life owe their introduc-
tion to Dame Learning to this man. With equal
gratitude many of a still younger generation thank
Mr. Child for their start on the never-ending path of
education. Succeeding Mr. Anderson, Mr. Child was
for many years the supervisor of the Lehi schools.
In 1906 he resigned his teaching work and became
cashier of the newly-organized Bank of Lehi. Since
that time his ability in teaching has brought him
back into educational work. For two terms he was
Superintendent of Schools of Utah County, and is at
present supervisor of the grammar grades in the Salt
Lake City public schools. For one year after Mr.
Child's resignation, the Lehi schools were in charge
of Fred Worlton, who then resigned to take up med-
ical work. He was succeeded by the present incum-
bent. Andrew P.. Anderson, an educator of experience
the ability. He has had much to do with the phe-
nomenal growth of the public school system and is
largely responsible for its present high state of effi-
ciency.
TWENTY-FIRST MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
To conform with recently enacted legislation, the
twenty-first election for city officers was held on the
first Tuesday after the first Monday in November —
this year (1892) November 8 — and the officers chosen
were installed on the first of the vear. For the first
i892j PROSPERITY. 275
time also this election was carried out on national
party lines. During the previous summer both the
Republican and Democratic parties had effected or-
ganizations in Lehi and these now exerted them-
selves to the utmost to win the votes of the people.
Street parades, torch light processions, drum corps,
and political rallies became common affairs, and on
every side the novel situation caused unlimited ex-
citement.
The Democrats eventually carried the election :
Abel John Evans, Mayor; James B. Gaddie, James M.
Anderston, Otto Hudson, William R. Sharp, and An-
drew Fjeld, Councilors; George X. Child. Recorder;
Joseph A. Thomas, Marshal ; and Prime Evans, Treas-
urer. The important appointments made by this coun-
cil were William H.Winn, Jr., Assessor and Collector,
and David J. Thurman, Attorney. The only change
in the set of officers as elected was the resignation of
Otto Hudson and the appointment of James Turner
to succeed him.
For the first time, the city ordinances were printed
in 1893, Mayor Evans acting as the Lehi member of
a committee from all the cities of Utah County for
the revision and printing of the municipal ordinances.
OLD FOLKS' COMMITTEE.
Having conceived the idea, while on a mission in
the Southern States, William Southwick in 1892 orig-
inated a movement which has resulted in immense
good to the aged of Lehi. His plan was to furnish
some means of taking care of the old people and occa-
sionally to tender them a celebration. Bishop Cutler
276
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1892
approved the scheme most heartily, so Southwick
called a committee to asist him : they were: Alphonzo
M. Davis. Joseph Broadbent, Lott Russon, Sen., and
George Glover. In December of that year the first
* FBI 1 X
FIRST OLD FOLKS' COMMITTEE.
George Glover, Joseph liroadbent, William Southwick Lott Russon Sen.,
A. M. Davis.
entertainment was given in the Opera House, a pro-
gram of old songs, recitations, and reminiscent
speeches, which pleased the veterans immensely. Each
summer and winter since, a similar affair has been
tendered all the citizens over sixty years, and the
happiness derived from this simple but effective
means has been inestimable.
A CELEBRATION IN THE CANYON.
For many years it had been the custom of Lehi peo-
ple to go for outings and excursions to nearby Amer-
1893] PROSPERITY. 277
ican Fork Canyon, but July 24, 1893, was the date of
the first official celebration conducted there. Both
the Lehi Silver Band and the choir spent Pioneer
Day in the canyon, and with them went great num-
bers of citizens. An excellent program, together with
picnic and sports, made tip a successful celebration.
A CANNING FACTORY.
April of this year witnessed an offer from J. E.
Keenan, of Ogden, to Lehi people to furnish the ma-
chinery for and operate a canning factory in the city
if they would provide him a stipulated amount for
operation. Thomas R. Cutler, Ira D. Wines, Wil-
liam E. Racker, William Clark, and T. F. Trane were
among the number who accepted the proposition and
financed the removal of the factory from Ogden to
Lehi. One season was the extent of operation of
the new enterprise, both because it was discoverd
that the machinery was antiquated and useless, and
because disagreement arose between Keenan and the
local stockholders concerning running expenses. A
loss of $4,000.00 was the result of the venture to Lehi
investors.
TAMES KIRKHAM & SONS— STOKER.
In 1893. two new business establishments were
opened, one by the firm of James Kirkham & Sons,
the other by John Stoker. The latter lasted only a
few years and was abandoned. Kirkham & Sons
erected a brick building on the corner of First East
and Sixth North Streets, and filled it with a complete
stock of merchandise. The venture proved profitable
278
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1893
until 1904, when the store was closed. The building
has since been used by the Standard Knitting Com-
pany and the Lehi Publishing Company.
TWENTY-SECOND MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
After a heated campaign, tlie Republicans succeeded
in electing their entire ticket in the twenty-second
election of city officers, on November 7, 1893:
Oley Ellingson, Mayor; John Roberts, Jr , Thadeus
Powell, Benjamin S.
Lott, Edward Evans, and
Joel Myers, Councilors ;
Mosiah Evans, Record-
er; Charles H. Karren,
Marshal ; George Evans,
Justice; Oley Ellingson,
Jr., Treasurer; and Geo.
Webb. James P. Carter,
and Elias A. Bushman.
School Trustees. Their
appointments included
Stephen W. Ross, At-
torney; James Evans.
Building Inspector; and
James Harwood, Food
Inspector. The only
change made during the
incumbency of this set of officers was the substitution
of Elisha IT. Davis, Jr.. for Stephen W.Ross, as Attor-
ney, the latter having gone on a mission to England.
One of the first acts of this City Council was to
authorize the erection of a new liberty pole in place
TAMES P. CARTER AND WIFE.
1893-1895J PROSPERITY. 279
of the one which had necessarily been removed by
the previous administration. Nelson Gay Whipple
built the new pole: it was ninety feet in length; and
was put up on the jail lot.
Under orders from the city fathers, the first street
sprinkling by the municipal government was com-
menced in September, 1895. Mathias Peterson was
the teamster in charge.
THE INDUSTRIAL ARMY.
On May c'. 1SC)4, there arrived in Lehi a detach-
ment of the "Industrial Army" under "General" Car-
ter. This was part of an organization of idle work-
men from different states of the Union which aimed
to converge at Washington and there secure certain
legislation in their behalf. For a number of days the
army camped on Dry Greek, at the State Road, and
conversed with the citizens who came out of curi-
osity to inspect them. In addition they held an open-
air meeting and paraded the streets with banners,
some of which were inscribed, "No Pauper Labor"
and "Give Us Free Silver." They terminated their
visit by stealing an engine at Lehi Junction and pro-
ceeding to Provo. where the militia derailed the loco-
motive and thus checked their progress. Carter and
sixteen of his followers ended in jail, while the rest
were shipped to Colorado.
TWENTY-THIRD MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
Neither party was wholly sucessful in the election
held November 5. 1895. which resulted in the selec-
tion of Tohn Roberts. Jr., Mayor: Olev Ellingson, An-
280
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1895
drew A. Peterson, Richard Bradshaw, and John S.
Willes, Councilors; John E. Ross, Recorder; Joseph
A. Thomas, Marshal; and James Harwood, Treas-
urer. Of this number Peterson, Willes, and Thomas
were Democrats ; the
rest were Republicans.
Thomas John of Provo,
Attorney; Dr. C. L. Sea-
bright, Quarantine Phy-
sician ; and the mayor,
the quarantine physician,
and Hyrum L. Baker, a
Board of Health, were
some of the appoint-
ments made by the
twenty-third coterie of
city officers. The only
change occurring in the
personnel of the admin-
istration was the resig-
nation of Thomas John
and the appointment of
Stephen AW Ross as At-
torney when the latter returned from England.
The City Council now made an effort to erect a
new city hall. First it sold the lot in the northern
part of town over which there had been so much dis-
pute previously, when the building of a jail was con-
templated, and endeavored to buy all the property
near the newly-erected jail. That is as far as the
project advanced, however.
JOHN ROBERTS, JR.
Fourteenth Mayor of Lchi
(1895-1897, 1903-1905)
1896-1897] PROSPERITY. 281
LEHI CELEBRATES STATEHOOD.
When, on January 4, 1896, it was learned that Utah
had reached her long- sought goal of Statehood, Lehi
celebrated in fitting style the auspicious event. The
firing of guns, ringing of bells, and blowing of whis-
tles characterized the first part of the celebration,
while an enthusiastic public assembly expressed con-
gratulations over the induction of the forty-fifth
State into the Union.
TWENTY-FOURTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The chief issue in the twenty-fourth civic election
was prohibition, the Democrats declaring for the com-
plete abolition of the liquor traffic, while the Repub-
licans proposed high license and strict regulation as
the proper solution of the prob'em. At the polls, on
November 3, the Democrats elected their whole
ticket with one exception: John S. Willes, Mayor;
Andrew A. Peterson. James Allred. Samuel Taylor,
George H. Smith, and George Glover, Councilors;
Edward Southwick, Recorder: Joseph A. Thomas,
Marshal : and Thomas F. Trane, Treasurer. Samuel
Taylor was the only Republican member of this ad-
ministration. The principal appointments were David
J. Thurman, Attorney: and Dr. C. L. Seabright,
Quarantine Physician.
Some changes occurred during the two years this
set of officers held their positions. Dr. R. E. Steele
succeeded Dr. C. L. Seabright as Quarantine Phy-
sician : George Zimmerman accepted George Glover's
place as Councilor because of the absence of the lat-
282
HISTORY OF LEHI.
11898
ter on a mission ; and Prime Evans became Attorney
when David J. Thnrman resigned.
Early in 1899, the City Council sold the Kelly lot,
which, although bought for a public park, had never
been used as -such, and utilized the proceeds of the
sale in improving the city cemetery.
ELECTRICITY REACHES LEHI.
In the spring of 1899, the Lehi City Council entered
into negotiations with Christian Garff concerning the
proposed erection of a
power plant at the
month of American
Fork Canyon, which
could be utilized for fur-
nishing power to Lehi,
American Fork, and
Pleasant Grove. The
enterprise was possible
providing the three
cities would subscribe
for a portion of the
stock. Then began a
series of meetings be-
tween the promoters
and city officials which
finally culminated in the
organization, on August
2, of the Utah County
Light and Power Com-
pany. Mayor Willes and Councilor Samuel Taylor
were Lehi's representatives in this transaction. Lehi
JOHN S. WILLES,
Fifteenth Mayor of Lehi (1897-1899).
1899]
PROSPERITY.
283
became the owner of $6,000.00 worth of stock, which
was paid for by means of a special bond election in
September. For the right of way on the city streets,
the power company furnished electric lights at all the
SEGO LILY SCHOOL HOL*
principal corners, and when the electricity finally
reached Lehi early the next spring, the electric
streets presented an extremely pleasing appearance.
SPANISH WAR HEROES.
August 19 saw the city arrayed in holiday attire to
welcome home three Lehi volunteers who had served
in the Utah Battery in the Philippines — Richard L.
Bush, Philip Dallimore, and Abner Harris. These
men had volunteered in April, 1898, were mustered
SPANISH WAR VOLUNTEERS.
Frederics L. Racker, Philip Dallimore,
Azer R. Briggs, Abner Harris, Richard L. Bush,
William C. Herron, John Darling.
1899] PROSPERITY. 285
into service at Fort Douglas on May 9, left Salt Lake
City for San Francisco on May 20, and arrived in
Manila, July 17. With the Utah volunteers they per-
formed valiant and able service against the Spaniards
in Manila and the surrounding country. Serving side
by side with regular soldiers, the Utah Batteries ac-
quitted themselves with such bravery and distinction
that their reputation spread throughout the whole
country. Of them it is said, "In an army where all
were heroes the men of Utah made for themselves a
conspicuous name. They earned it, for they never
retreated, never lost a battle or a flag, never started
for the foe that they did not scatter it as the wind
scatters the chaff from the threshing floor." Serv-
ing with distinction until the late summer of 1899, the
Utah volunteers reached San Francisco and were
mustered out of service on August 16. After their
reception in Salt Fake City three days later, Lehi
gave her returning sons a welcome that has never
been paralleled in her annals. A City Council appro-
priation, contributions by the citizens, and the most
intense enthusiasm helped to furnish a fitting tribute
to the returning heroes.
All three Lehi volunteers had made enviable names
for themselves in the Utah contingent, and Richard
L. Bush had been promoted to the rank of corporal
for distinguished services.
Besides the three who had served in the Philippines
with the Utah Batteries. Lehi had other sons who
had volunteered for and had seen service in the war
•with Spain. Upon three different occasions Frederick
Racker enlisted as a volunteer. The first time, he
286 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1899
had expected to go to Cuba, but his regiment had
only been used for guard duty. Upon the second
enlistment, he served in the Philippines with the
Twenty-fourth Infantry until compelled by sickness
to return home. His last enlistment was in tne reg-
ular army with the Twenty-ninth Infantry at Fort
I )ouglas.
Another son of Lehi had served in the Wyoming-
Light Artillery — John Darling. Enlisting in 1898,
Darling did not reach Lehi until several years after
the mustering out of the others.
Azer R. Briggs and William C. Herron were two
others who entered the army to right their country's
battles. Sworn in at Fort Douglas, July 23, 1899, they
reached Manila. October 11. and immediately were
assigned to General Lawton's division. With this
leader the)- participated in sixteen months of active
service, principally against the rebel Filipino general,
Aguinaldo. Ofttimes they suffered extreme hardships,
and on one occasion both were compelled to remain
a number of days in the hospital. Sailing from Ma-
nila in February, 1901, they were mustered out of ser-
vice in San Francisco, April 17, and reached Lehi
three days later.
TWENTY-FIFTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The verdict of the voters on November 7, 1899,
was that the previous Democratic administration of
prohibition had not been successful, so they showed
their disapproval of that party by electing the Re-
publican ticket on a platform which declared for the
former policv of high license and strict regulation.
lsyyj
PROSPERITY
287
That ticket was as follows: Mosiah Evans, Mayor:
Samuel Taylor, William Bone, Elias A. Bushman,
George Austin, and Richard Bradshaw. Councilors;
James E. Ross, Recorder : J. X. Butt, Marshal ; and
Stephen W. Ross, Justice. The principal appoint-
ments of the City Council were Prime Evans, Attor-
ney; Dr. R. E. Steele, Quarantine Physician; and
Hyrum Timothy, Policeman.
In the following" November, Mayor Evans was
elected to the State
Legislature, so he re-
signed his position as
chief executive of Lehi.
George Austin was ap-
pointed to succeed him,
while Joseph S. Broad-
bent took the vacant
place thus created in the
City Council. Still other
changes occurred in this
administration — the ap-
pointment of John V.
Smith as Attorney be-
cause of the death of
Prime Evans, July 8,
1901, and the selection
of Joel Mears as Coun-
cilor in place of Richard
Bradshaw. who had moved away.
It was the twenty-fifth City Council which took
the initial steps to provide the city with a fire de-
partment. It purchased a number of ropes, buckets.
MOSIAH EVANS,
Sixteenth Mayor of Lehi
(1899-1900, 1902-1903)
288
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1900
and ladders as equipment, sent a committee to Pay-
son and Eureka to study the fire departments exist-
ing- there, and by ordinance created a fire department
in Lehi. Later a small engine was purchased.
THE CITY PARK.
The City Council purchased from John Beck, in
July, 1900, a lot near the Denver and Rio Grande sta-
tion to use as a city park. Already the property was
admirably adapted for the purpose, a thick growth of
CITY PAVILION.
young trees covering part of it. Immediately the
council began the task of improving the ground, and
in this work the citizens were requested to share.
Public holidays were declared and men and boys
1900J PROSPERITY. 289
gave their work free while the women prepared lunch
for them. In this way a fence was built around the
grounds, a baseball diamond laid out, a grand stand
constructed, and a floor laid for dancing. By July 24
the park was in such shape that the first celebration
could be held there. The construction of the pavilion
was a later undertaking, in charge of R, John Whip-
ple. Both the park and the pavilion have performed
yeoman service since. Most of the dances have been
held in the pavilion, while the baseball diamond has
witnessed many interesting exhibitions of the great
national game. The park has also served for reunions,
encampments, and athletic carnivals.
EMIGRATION.
Lehi had in the past been very seriously involved,
with the problem of immigration, but about this time
arose a different kind of problem — that of emigra-
tion. Large numbers of Lehi people now left their
old homes and moved to other parts of the West, most
of them going to Canada. It was not dissatisfaction
which impelled them to go, but rather the belief that
greater opportunities existed in newer countries.
Several towns in the province of Alberta owe a large
part of their growth and population to this exodus
from Lehi — notably Magrath and Raymond.
But Canada was not the only country in which
Lehi people found a new home. Mexico, especially
the State of Sonora. claimed many of these new pio-
neers. Idaho also received a great number. In ad-
dition, various towns in Utah obtained an influx of
population from this move.
20
290 HISTORY OF LEI 1 1. Liyoi
vThus with the sugar business and this exodus. Lehi
can well claim to have children scattered over the
entire West.
LEHI MERCANTILE COMPANY.
In 1901 a number of Lehi business men, together
with investors from southern Utah, bought out the
mercantile business of Louis Garff, and established
the Lehi Mercantile Company in the Garff Building.
Abel John Evans and James H. Gardner were the
principal promoters of the new concern, and John L.
Snow was the hrst manager. The company was able
at first to enjoy a lucrative business, but later years
saw it unprofitable. The store closed its doors in
1907.
TWENTY-SIXTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The result of the election of November 5, 1901, was
the success of the Republican ticket, with two excep-
tions. The Democrats had combined with the So-
cialists and won the Recorder and Marshal, of whom
the latter was a Socialist. The new officers were:
George Austin. Mayor; James H. Gardner, James
ITarwood, Joel Mears, William Bone, Jr., and Samuel
Taylor, Councilors: Sarah T. Evans. Recorder;
Henry East, Marshal: John T. Roberts, Treasurer;
and Stephen AM Ross, Justice. The council ap-
pointed John Y. Smith. Attorney; Dr. R. E. Steele.
Quarantine Physician; and M. \Y. Tngalls, Chief of
Fire Department.
Only two changes were made in the twenty-sixth
administration. Having been elected to the State
Legislature. Mayor Austin resigned and Mosiah
1902]
PROSPERITY.
291
Evans was chosen in his
place. Later John T.
Winn became Recorder
when Mrs. Evans re-
signed.
The chief efforts of
this administration were
directed to improving
the efficiency of the
newly created fire de-
partment. Accordingly
a building was erected
on Main Street, adjoin-
ing the City Hall, in
which to keep the . en-
gine, hose, and other
equipment. The coun-
cil also placed two wa-
ter cisterns on Main
Street, one near the City Hall and one on First West.
to be used in fighting fire. The final act was the ac-
ceptance of approximately fifty volunteer firemen.
The department has on numerous occasions been
extremely useful in saving the threatened property
of the citizens.
COTTER'S GROCERY.
In 1902, J. E. Cotter purchased the stock of Rob-
inson's "Corner Grocery," and with additions opened
a grocery store for business on Main Street. In 1910
he built a brick store on Main and Center Streets,
and moved his goods there. His business has been
a profitable one since.
ORGE AUSTIN.
Mayor of Lehi (1900-190.;
CHAPTER XIX.
Modern Lehi
THE twentieth century dawned upon a thriving,
prosperous city which had grown from the seeds
planted on Dry Creek five decades previously. Fifty
years had worked marvelous changes. The old Lehi
had known only hardship and suffering, the new re-
joiced in peace and comfort ; the old was oft con-
fronted with starvation, the new lived in peace and
even luxury; the old knew what it meant to be threat-
ened with danger from savage men and savage beasts,
the new experienced only safety and security; the old
endured all manner of makeshifts and inconveniences
in its daily life, the new utilized the manifold appli-
ances and inventions of a highly developed modern
science. Yet the old was not surpassed by the new
in its patriotism and love for its home.
The growth of Lehi from the beginning of the cen-
tury to the present has been of a kind with its previ-
ous advancement — -steady, consistent, unceasing.
Nothing has marred its development ; much has aided
it. Today, also, this progress is in evidence, and is cer-
tain to continue in the future.
THE PUMPING STATION.
Two successive seasons of drought, in 1900 and 1901,
in Salt Lake County, led the farmers there to investi-
294 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1902
gate new methods for securing additional water for
irrigation to prevent the increasing diminuition in
crops and the corresponding drop in land values. The
Jordan River had been the source of water supply;
but now it was furnishing only one-fourth enough
water. In a previous season of drought. Bishop Arch-
ibald Gardner, of ^*est Jordan, had suggested the ad-
visability of pumping water into the river and thus
increasing the supply. His son. James H. Gardner,
now took this idea up with Angus M. Cannon, presi-
dent of one of the Salt Lake County canals, who in
turn presented it to the Board of Canal Presidents,
the body which regulated irrigation affairs in the
county. After prolonged discussion and considera-
tion, the scheme was adopted, and bids were opened
for the installation of the pumps at the head of the
Jordan on Utah Lake, four miles west of Lehi. James
H. Gardner and M. W. Ingalls, of Lehi, secured this
contract.
Building operations began June 21. 1902, and in
the ensuing two months four pumps were installed.
They were 48-inch Byron Jackson centrifugal pumps,
capable of delivering 400 cubic feet of water per sec-
ond, or approximately 3,000 gallons. They were
driven by four 100-horse-power motors.
On August 19. two of the pumps were put into
operation and immediately the flow of the river in-
creased from 40 to 200 second feet of water. Although
the additional supply from the pumps came so late in
the season that it was not available for crops, yet the
project had been proven a success and the farmers
looked with hope to the next season. They were not
1V02J
MODERN LEHI.
295
disappointed. The summer of 1903 saw the river, by
aid of the pumps, able to supply Salt Lake County
farms with all the water needed. The pumping
scheme was so successful that much new land was
brought under cultivation and the necessity for more
pumps created.
In 1905, another pump was installed, and in 1907,
two more. All were of the same size as the first four.
LARGEST MOTOR AND PUMP AT
RD AN PUMPING STATION.
Finally, in 1911, the eighth and last pump was placed
in operation. This was a 60-inch centrifugal pump,
driven by a 250-horse-power motor and capable of
delivering 1,600 gallons per second.
The entire plant now has a capacity of 700,000,000
2% HISTORY OF LEHI. [1903
gallons of water every twenty-four hours. It is be-
lieved to be the largest pumping plant in the world.
As an investment, the station has proved to be in-
valuable. The good to the farmers which lias directly
resulted from its establishment cannot be estimated.*
TWEXTV SEVENTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The officers chosen November 3. 1903. to have
charge of the affairs of the city for the ensuing two
years were all Republicans except the Justice, who
was a Democrat: Mayor. John Roberts. Jr.; William
Bone. Councilor for four year term ; Thomas Webb,
George L. Comer, George Beck, and Edward Karren,
Councilors for two year term : John T. Winn, Re-
corder: T. J. Wadsworth, Treasurer: J. Newburn
Butt. Marshal : and Eli Kendall, Justice. The new
council appointed James Brown. Road Supervisor;
Dr. R. E. Steele. Quarantine Physician, and George
Hammer. Fire Chief. Later John Y. Smith received
the appointment as Attorney, but after his resignation
he was succeeded by Stephen W. Ross.
The cities of Utah County now undertook a second
revision and printing of the city ordinances. Conn-
ci'or William Bone, Jr., was the representative of Lehi
in this work: $500.00 was appropriated to defray the
expenses incurred.
This City Council also endeavored to effect an ex-
::Average precipitation at the pumping plant, by months, from
1904 to 1912 inc
Jan
Feb.
Mar.
1.57
Apr. Maj June | July ] Aug. < Sept Oct.
l.tio 1.97 0.35 1.08 1.42 165 1.57
Nov. Dee.
1.00 1.44
Total
16 13
1.17
1.26
Elevation 4.500 feet.
MODERN LEH1.
297
change with the School Board, giving the jail lot for
the old Biesinger lot. The deal was not consum-
mated, however.
RACKER MERCANTILE COMPANY
Upon his return from a mission to Denmark, Wil-
liam E. Racker entered into negotiations with the
People's Co-operative Institution for the purchase of
their branch store on Main Street, which was now a
commodious, modern structure. Finally the deal was
PRIMARY SCHOOL BUILDING.
consummated and the Racker Mercantile Company
opened its doors for business, in 1905. The enterprise
has prospered and at different times has been enlarged
until today it is a nourishing business, handling all
kinds of merchandise.
298 HISTORY OF LEHI. U9os
PRIMARY SCHOOL HOUSE.
This same year the School Board, urged by the
overcrowded condition of the school houses, especially
in the lower grades, began the construction of a new
building on the corner of Center Street and Second
North. It was for the use of the beginning classes
and was therefore called the Primary Building.
Erected at a cost of $30,000.00, and containing eight
rooms, with all the modern conveniences, it is a credit
both to the progressiveness of the city and the stand-
ard of its education.
TWENTY-EIGHTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The Republican party was again successful in car-
rying the city election on November 7, 1905 : Thomas
Webb, Mayor; Councilors (hold over), William Bone,
Jr. (four year term), Samuel I. Goodwin (two year
term), John D. Woodhouse, Henry Lewis, and Parley
Austin; Marshal, George Evans; Recorder, John T.
Winn; Treasurer. T. J. Wadsworth; and Justice,
Samuel Taylor. Appointments were: Stephen W.
Ross, Attorney; George A. Wall, Street Supervisor;
George Hammer, Fire Chief: and John D. Wood-
house, Policeman — the last named resigning his office
as Councilor to accept the position. Mathias Peter-
son succeeded him.
Ill fortune seemed to pursue the office of marshal
during this administration, causing many changes.
Marshal George Evans died, February 26, 1906, and
John D. Woodhouse took up his duties. After a
year's service, Woodhouse resigned and Robert Tay-
lor was chosen to fill the place. While hunting rabbits,
1906J
MODERN LEHI.
299
July 19, 1907, near Lehi, Marshal Taylor was killed
by the accidental discharge of his gun, and all Lehi
mourned his death. Edmund Fowler was the fourth
incumbent of the office during the administration.
As an experiment, the City Council, in connection
with the Lehi Irrigation Company, drove a three-inch
well, during the summer of 1906, on Third East be-
tween Second and Third ,
North Streets. The well
reached a depth of 569
feet and discharged
about 75 gallons of
water per minute. It was
used in sprinkling the
streets.
BUSINESS GROWTH.
There began now in
Lehi a definite era of
business growth. Not
only did the established
business houses experi-
ence prosperous times.
but many new concerns
were founded and start
ed likewise upo:i a suc-
cessful career. Among these can be mentioned the
Bank of Lehi, the Mount Pickle factory, the Lehi
Roller Mills, and the Standard Knitting Company.
The Bank of Lehi was first established in the Ross
Building on Main Street, in 1906, as a branch of the
Bank of American Fork. Only one Lehi man, James
H. Gardner, was on the board of directors. George
THOMAS WEBB,
ighteentb Mavor of Lehi
190S-1909.
300 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1906
X. Child was the first cashier. Lehi soon demon-
strated its ability to support two banks, for the new-
institution was unusually successful. In 1912, a reor-
ganization of the bank occurred. It became a state
bank under the name of the State Bank of Lehi, and
the capitalization was set as $25,000.00. Lehi stock-
holders now secured the majority of stock and the
control of the board of directors. Edward Southwick,
James H. Gardner, Morgan Evans, Dr. H. G. Hol-
brook, William E. Racker, and W. S. Evans were
among the most active in effecting this change.
The factory of the Mount Pickle Company was es-
tablished as a result of a thorough canvass among the
farmers of Lehi in which the latter pledged themselves
to raise sufficient cucumbers to justify the erection
of a salting plant. For a short time each season,
cucumbers are received and taken through the pre-
liminary stages of pickling. Much benefit has accrued
to Lehi people as a result of the erection of the fac-
tory.
Because the farmers of Lehi had been compelled to
take their grain elsewhere since the cessation of the
Mulliner mill, the need of a roller mill in the citv be-
came strongly evident. Various efforts had been
made to promote new projects but without success.
Finally, in 1905. a number of business men formed the
Lehi Roller Mill Company and erected a thoroughly
equipped, modern mill on the road to the sugar fac-
tory, a short distance east of the city. It is electrically
operated. Among its first officers were John Y.
Smith. Samuel I. Goodwin, Thomas Webb, James H.
Gardner, and Abel John Evans. In 1910, the company
1906J
MODERN LEHI.
301
mill
sold its holdings to George G. Robinson. Th
lias been operated since under his management.
The Standard Knitting Company endeavored to
produce at home those articles of wearing apparel for
LEHI ROLLER MILLS.
which money had been sent outside. In this en-
deavor a full equipment of knitting machinery was in-
stalled in the Kirkham building on First East Street
and a full line of knit goods produced. James AT.
Kirkham was the first manager.
COMMERCIAL CLUB.
In the promotion of these enterprises much credit
was due to a club which had been formed some years
before — the Commercial Club. It was organized in
1905 for the purpose of creating a medium whereby
302 HISTORY OF LEHI. [1906
the business interests of Lehi could be forwarded, new
industries fostered, and the products of the eity well
advertised. Incidentally it furnished social diversion.
George Austin was the first president of the society.
At first the club rooms were in the Utah Banking
Building on State Street, but in 1911 they were trans-
ferred to the Ross Building on Main Street. The club
has effected much good in the city's commercial life
and has been a substantial aid to its general progress.
THE LEHI HIGH SCHOOL.
Although a ninth grade course had been given to
fifteen students by ( t. X. Child, in 1902, and a continu-
ation of their work had followed the next year, yet it
was not until 1906 that this higher educational work-
came to be called a high school. James M. Anderson
had taught these advance grades after the first year,
but in 1906 he moved to Salt Lake City and W. Karl
Hopkins, a graduate of the University of Utah, was
engaged as principal of the Lehi High School. In 1908.
a class was graduated from three years' work and the
following year the first fourth year class received
diplomas of graduation. Classes have been graduated
every year since. In 1910, the High School came
under the administration of the Alpine School Dis-
trict, whose board purchased the Central School
House and used it exclusively for high school work.
Its growth since has been phenomenally rapid. In
1913, the High School consisted of 151 students and
seven teachers.
The High School students have been an important
factor in the social life of the city, and are responsible
for interesting and beneficial athletic diversion during
1907] MODERN LEHI. 303
the winter and spring- months. The people of Lehi
are proud of their High School and accord it then-
earnest support.
TWENTY-NINTH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
With the exception of one Democratic councilor,
the Republicans had a clean sweep in the twenty-
ninth election of city officers, observed November 7,
1907: Thomas Webb, Mayor; Councilors, (hold
over), Samuel I. Goodwin, (four year term). Joseph
W. Goates. Democrat, (two year term), Jonas Holds-
worth. Le Roy Lott, and Henry Lewis ; Recorder,
George A. Goates; Treasurer, John T. Winn; Mar-
shal, J. Newburn Butt; and Justice, Samuel Taylor.
The appointive offices were distributed as follows:
George Webb, Road Supervisor; George Hammer.
Fire Chief; Abel John Evans, Attorney; Dr. .Walter
T. Hasler, Quarantine Physician, and Charles C.
Trane, Policeman. The only change occurring in
this administration was the resignation of Marshal
Butt and the appointment of Henry East in his place.
PIONEER MONUMENT.
The fort wall had gradually fallen or been torn
down until, in 1905. only one vestige of it remained
on the south-west corner of the Primary School lot.
When it became necessary to destroy this, a little
sentiment was aroused over the passing of such a
land mark without suitable commemoration. Noth-
ing came of it. however, until 1908. when two men
who had become interseted in the matter, through
their connection with the School Board, W. S. Evans
and Andrew Fjeld. called a mass meeting of the citi-
riOXEER MONUMENT.
[908]
M( )DERN LEHI.
305
/ens. The upshot of this and a subsequent assembly
was the appointment of the Lehi Pioneer Committee.
consisting of W. S. Evans, Andrew Fjeld, Martin B.
Bushman, George X. Child, Hamilton Gardner, and
A. B. Anderson.
The committee now offered a suitable prize for the
best design for a monument ; it was won by the Elias
Morris Company, of Salt Lake. The memorial was
erected in November, 1908; the base of Utah granite
LF.UI PIONEER COMMITTEE.
George N. Child,
Hamilton Gardner,
Andrew Fjeld,
\V. S. Evans,
Anders. in,
!. Bushman
and the shaft of Vermont granite. It is 16 feet in
height. On the sides of the base are a plan of the old
fort, the raised inscriptions — "Fort Wall" and "Lehi
Pioneers," and the following items of history — "Lehi
21
306 J US TORY OF LEHI. luos
settled, 1850; organized as a ward, 1851, David Evans,
first bishop; incorporated as a city, February 5, 1852,
Silas P. Barnes, first mayor. Erected 1908."
Thanksgiving Day, November 26, was the date of
the unveiling of the monument. A holiday had been
declared and invitations sent out to many of the pio-
neers of the city. Many of these, indeed, attended the
meeting in the Tabernacle and the later exercises at
the monument. The principal features of the pro-
gram were an oration by David Evans, Jr., and the
unveiling of the monument by Mrs. Azubia D. Cox
Hardwick, the first child born in Lehi; she was as-
sisted by H. M. Royle, the first boy born on Dry
Creek.
'Idie monument stands in a conspicuous place on
the school lot on the north line of the fort, just 2d
rods from the north-east corner. It is a fitting
tribute to the work of the hardy pioneers who found-
ed and built the city.
CITY WATER WORKS.
The question of an adequate water supply had long
been a vexing one to the citizens of Lehi. Depend-
ing upon artesian and surface wells, they had experi-
enced much dissatisfaction and not a little danger.
When the movement for a city water system began,
therefore, they were heartily in favor of it. The first
project was to unite with American Fork and secure
a supply of water from Grove Springs, near Alpine.
On investigation, however, it was found that this
water was neither of suitable quality nor of sufficient
quantity to supply the two cities.
The City of Alpine now proposed another scheme
1908]
MODERN LEHi.
3< v
— it should unite with Lehi in the installation of a
system from School House Springs. A committee
from the Commercial Club, consisting of James H.
Gardner, Andrew Fjeld, and Abel John Evans, met
with the City Council and urged them to investigate
this plan. On June 9, 1908, the City Council and the
Commercial Club committee made a trip to Alpine
I:
IBg?
HHmnu, : ; •>■ :,
i
"ill
je!~"
MAIN STREET (Looking East).
and after investigating the springs, held a meeting
with the Alpine City Council and offered them
$8,000.00 for five-sixths of the stream, the offer to
be subject to the citizens of Lehi.
In July, a special meeting of the tax payers was held
to discuss this proposed plan. The result was the
sanctioning of the action of the council and the au-
thorization of a water system. Furthermore, in a
308 HISTORY OF LEHI. U""s
special bond election, on September 21, the people, by
a decisive majority, authorized the issuing- of $26,-
500.00 in water bonds to install the system. The last
step in preparation for actual work came with the
agreement with the City of Alpine and the Alpine
Irrigation Company whereby Lehi was to secure five-
sixths of the water from School House Springs for
$8,000.00, and in addition Lehi was to pipe the entire
stream to Movie's Hill where the division would be
made. The council now hired Richard R. Lyman to
work out the details of the system and direct the
installation.
The summer of 1009 saw the work on the system
in full blast. Under the supervision of W. S. Evans,
drain pipes were placed in all the outlets at School
House Springs, and by a system of deep cross-cutting
trenches, the water was brought into one channel.
A weir for the division of the water was already being
built at Moyle's Hill. From here it was conducted
by pipe line across the bench to a settling tank just
north of Lehi. This has a capacity of 320,000 gallons
and is built of concrete. Other gangs of men put in
a system of conduits along the city streets, and before
many months had elapsed the water was in the homes
of the citizens.
The water works has been a boon to the people of
Lehi. Tt is inexpensive, sanitary, and plentiful, and
gives a distinct value to the city's claim as a desirable
residence town.
LEGISLATION BY THE CITY COUNCIL.
A prohibition wave now struck Utah and found
echo in the action of various cities in Utah County.
Ml >DERN LEI II.
309
As a preliminary step, the city councils of Lehi, Amer-
ican Fork, and Pleasant Grove decided to allow the
licenses of liquor dealers to expire by Febraury 1.
1910. Before this agreement was put in effect, the
councils of all cities in the county agreed, in a meeting
•OURTH WARD CHAPEL.
held in Provo in July, 1909, to adopt common legisla-
tion which would terminate the saloons by the first of
the following year. After a protracted session, the
Lehi City Council adopted this ordinance on Septem-
ber 14.
The exchange of lots with the School Board, which
the City Council had tried to make several years previ-
ously, was completed in 1909. Through it the city
came into possession of the lot on Center and First
310 HISTORY OF LEHI. [uw
North and the School Board became the new owners
of the jail lot. The old jail was torn down at once
and a larger and better one erected on the new city
property.
A second special bond election, held July 26, au-
thorized the city to bond for $21,000.00, of which
$8,000.00 was to be spent on the water works and the
remainder for funding a floating indebtedness.
The last official act of the council was the sale of
the 12,000 shares of Utah County Light and Power
stock to meet their later obligations. At various
times the city had increased its holdings in this com-
pany until it totalled the number mentioned, but now
it was deemed advisable to apply their value in help-
ing the installation of the water works.
THIRTIETH MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The thirtieth election of city officers was the most
spirited the people had witnessed for some years.
The prohibition question was one cause, the Demo-
crats declaring explicitly for abolition of the saloons
and accusing the Republicans of evading the question.
Another reason was the internal trouble in the Re-
publican ranks. There had been a bitter fight for the
nomination for mayor, and this had the effect of split-
ting the party on election day, November 2, 1909.
The result was a complete Democratic victory, with
the exception of one councilor and the recorder:
Mayor, Edward Southwick; Councilors, (hold over),
Joseph W. Goates, (four year term), William F. Gur-
ney, (two year term). George G. Webb, R. John
Whipple, and James Cough (Republican) ; Recorder,
1909]
MODERN LEI IT.
311
George A. Goates; Treasurer, John Stoker; and Jus-
tice, Eli Kendall.
The appointments made by the council included
Henry East, Marshal — (The last Legislature had
made the marshal an appointive instead of an elective
office); Abel John Evans, Attorney; George Schow,
Road Supervisor; Dr. Walter T. Hasler, Quarantine
Physician, and William J. Gurnev. Night Police.
Later the position of Superintendent of Water Works
was created and George
A. Goates designated as
the first incumbent.
Changes in this admin-
istration were few — the
resignation of Police-
man Gurnev and the ap-
pointment of George
Wing, and the resigna-
tion of Treasurer Sto-
ker, who was succeeded
by Ephraim J. Child.
Among the notable
acts of this City Council
wns the passing of an
ordinance which com-
pelled all drug stores,
soda fountains, and can-
dy stores to close their
places of business on Sunday. As public sentiment
seemed to view such an action as entirely too strict,
it was later modified.
The last Legislature had extended the bonding
EDWARD SOUTHWICK,
Nineteenth Mavor of Lehi,
1909-1911.
312
HISTORY OF LEIir.
[1910
limit of cities, so at a third special election, held April
11. 1911, the city increased its bonded indebtedness to
$25,000.00.
PUBLIC LIBRARY.
Near the close of 1910, the City Council established
a public library and reading" room in the Senate Build-
ing on Main Street. Securing- the books of the Mu-
tual Improvement library, and adding to them some
AMMAN! SCHOOL BUILDING
others contributed by interested citizens, the library
was able to make available a valuable set of books to
the public A librarian is in charge of the reading
room which is opened at convenient hours on all week
(lavs.
1910] MODERN LEHI. 313
GRAMMAR SCHOOL BUILDING.
The summer of 1910 witnessed the erection of the
latest of Lehi"s excellent system of public school
building's — the Grammar School building-. It was built
on the jail lot secured from the city one year before
at a cost of $30,000.00. Ohran & Fjeld were the
contractors in charge of the construction. The build-
ing is of white, pressed brick and contains eight
rooms. A modern heating plant with which to heat
both this building and the adjoining Primary build-
ing was also erected.
HOME COMING WEEK.
Sufficient time had now elapsed that Lehi's sons
and daughters had been scattered all over the Inter-
mountain West, and they had been away long enough
that a visit to the old home would be highly desirable.
Many people had privately and unofficially spoken of
a "Home Coming Week.'* but it remained for the City
Council, on December 27. 1910, to take the initial
action. This was the appointment of a committee to
direct the affair, consisting of Mayor Edward South-
wick. Councilor Joseph W. Coates. Bishop James H.
Gardner, Bishop Andrew Fjeld, Dr. Horace G. Hol-
brook. and W. S. Evans, with James M. Kirkham.
secretary. The committee met shortly afterward and
organized their work thoroughly. Immediately a
widespread publicity campaign was launched, letters
being sent to every former citizen of Lehi of whom
any trace could be found. The Home Coming week-
was set for June 5 to 11.
Several days before the actual program was to com-
mence, visitors began making their appearance, and
314
HISTORY OF LEHI.
[1911
by Monday, June 5, the hospitality of the city was
crowded to its limit. Former residents of the town, rel-
atives and friends, came in numbers which exceeded
even the most sanguine hopes of the committee. But
all were made welcome, not only by personal greet-
ing, but by the- decorations of the streets, residences,
and business houses of the city. Blue and white had
been chosen as the official colors of the celebration,
and they were used profusely.
A "Get-Acquainted" meeting on Monday afternoon
STATE STREET (Looking East).
inaugurated a most successful week of entertainment.
Then followed every day some special feature in-
tended to make the visit of the guests a pleasant one,
and increase their regret that thev had moved away
1911] MODERN LEHI. 315
from the city. Old-fashioned dances, evenings with
friends, opportunities to discuss reminiscences and
memories of the past, and a general renewal of old
friendships characterized the Home Coining celebra-
tion. One meeting was attended by Governor Wil-
liam Spry, while President Joseph F. Smith, of the
Latter-day Saints, was the guest at another. The
whole program was carried through with unusual
success.
The Home Coming week furnished an opportunity
for many people to see again those old friends from
whom they had long been separated and whose ac-
quaintance they valued most highly. Sons and daugh-
ters of Lehi came to their home again from all parts
of the "West. Many of them had participated in the
stirring times which accompanied Lehi's foundation,
and now they had gone to other parts of the country,
playing again the part of pioneers and path-finders.
The visit of these old veterans was a distinct benefit
to Lehi, both because it gave her an opportunity to
honor those whose work had built her up, and because
she could show that their efforts had not been in vain.
Altogether the Home Coming was a supreme success.
AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT.
The summer of 1911 witnessed a new kind of agri-
cultural work in full blast. This was the process of
drv-farming. Since 1851. the farmers had irrigated
their lands to grow cereals, but modern agricultural
science had now brought a new method to light — the
production of grain without irrigation. The land west
of the Jordan River was found especially adaptable to
316
HISTORY OF LEHf.
this kind of farming", so what had once been nothing
but a sage brush tract was now covered with arid
PLANT OF UTAH LAK]
\ COMPANY,
wheat. The lands around the Point of the Mountain.
and on the bench north and west of Lehi. which had
long" been unused, were now also made to produce
bounteous crops of golden grain.
But development had not stopped here. Both the
bench land on the north and the land west of the Jor-
dan was now brought under canals by the Provo Res-
ervoir Company, and the Utah Take Irrigation Com-
pany, respectively, making it possible to irrigate most
of it. Thus the pioneer spirit of old, which "made the
desert blossom as the rose." was continued in modern
times.
l'Ml]
U< >DERN LEI II.
317
THIRTY-FIRST MUNICIPAL ELECTION.
The thirty-first election for city officers, which was
held on November 7. 1911, returned the Republicans
to office, the hold-over councilor being the only Dem-
ocratic member: Mayor. William E. Racker; Coun-
cilors (hold-over). William F. Gurney, (four-year
term) W. Karl Hop-
kins, (two year term)
Thomas Webb, Parley
Austin and George G.
Robinson; Recorder.
James F. Fyffe ; Treas-
urer. Thomas F. Kirk-
ham : Justice, George
Webb. The appoint-
ments made by the
council included William
Asher, Attorney : Geo.
Wing, Marshal; Dr.
Horace G. Holbrook.
Quarantine Physician :
John E. Jones, Night
Policeman ; G. L. Comer.
Road Supervisor : and
George Hammer. Fire
Chief. Only a few changes occurred during the ad-
ministration. John Evans succeeded George Wing
as Marshal, John Zimmerman took Policeman Jones'
place, and John Cooper filled the vacancy caused by
George Hammer's resignation as Fire Chief.
w II
Twei
I.IAM E. RACKER,
lieth Mayor of Lehi,
1911-1913.
318 HISTORY OF LEHI. urns
PAVING OF SIDEWALKS.
The most notable action of the thirty-first City
Council was the preparation to pave the side-
walks of the city. Recognizing that Lehi must take
such action in order to keep up with modern progress,
the council divided the city into paving districts and
solicited bids for the construction of cement walks on
a'l the principal streets. The work promises to be
well under way before the close of 1913.
INTER-URBAN RAILWAY.
At various times in the past, different promoters
had secured rights of way through the city, dependent
upon the immediate commencing of building opera-
tion^ but none had as yet utilized them. In 1910.
however, a number of Utah County men, including
several from Lehi, organized a company to construct
an electric railway from Payson to Salt Lake City.
This company has gone through several changes of
officers and capitalizations until today it is called the
Salt Lake and Utah Railway. It is proposed to op-
erate electric passenger trains over the line, as well as
to handle freight. The road has been surveyed sev-
eral times, most of the rights of way secured, and grad-
ing has already begun. The inter-urban will run on
Third North Street, in Lehi, and wi 1 1 be the third rail-
way to pass through the city, affording it excellent
connections with the State capital and other cities.
CHAPTER XX.
Today and Tomorrow.
A SURVEY of her development since 1850 justi-
fies Lehi in feeling pride for the past, satisfaction
for the present, and hope for the future. Her record
is an enviable one: not a single blotch mars its whole
course. It speaks ever of progress, order, and justice,
never of lawlessnes. stagnation, and retrogression.
Every step forward has been natural and logical, be-
cause it has resulted from the labor of men and
women who knew how to build firmly and well.
Growth has been an internal working out of ideals,
and not a chance external cause. To this can be
ascribed the steadiness and consistency of Lehi's ad-
vancement— a past of which her children may always
be proud.
Nor need their attitude change when they contem-
plate the present. Lehi is a fair city to look upon; her
people are a good people. Her fertile fields, thriving
mercantile establishments, and teeming factories, be-
speak the industry in which they are pleased to live.
On every side can be seen the evidences of prosperity
and happiness.
The farmer cultivates his rich land with skill and
profit, bringing forth crops in an abundance that be-
lies the possibility of hunger and want. His waving
fields and broad acres are proof positive of his pros-
perous condition. The fruit trees, laden to the break-
320 HISTORY OF LEHI.
ing point with luscious fruit, bring each year pleasure
and health to the consumer and profit to the owner of
the orchards. Nor do the sheep and cattle fail to
tender their share to the wealth and happiness of
Lehi's children.
I'he laborer need not long be idle here.. Factories
beck him on to turn the wheels of industry and create
the necessities of life for men and women within a
radius of many miles. And for their labor and raw-
materials, the people receive a liberal compensation
to add to their security against an unknown future.
As a residence town Lehi gives place to none. Free
from all the vices of the large cities, she offers the
dweller within her borders safety from that which is
undesirable, together with all the advantages of mod-
ern life. She combines strikingly all the security of
the country with the desirability of the city. Her ed-
ucational system compares favorably with any in the
land. Pure mountain water gushes forth from her
water system. Her climate is unsurpassed. Three
railroads place her within easy reach of Salt Lake and
other sister cities. Her people are desirable neigh-
bors. Everything is suitable to make Lehi continue
as one of the favorite residence towns of the West.
On all sides is opportunity for legitimate pleasure
and diversion. The canyons nearby, and Utah Lake
with its wide expanse of shimmering blue, invite the
camper and tourist to rest, and the contemplation of
Nature's wondrous beauties. The Saratoga Springs
offer their healing waters for the benefit and enjoy-
ment of the visitor. The theatres and places of amuse-
ment furnish proper and refined pleasure to those
TODAY AND TOMORROW. 321
who wish thus to enjoy themselves. The citizens,
too, whether in dance, party, or private association,
afford a richness of friendship and sociability unsur-
passed. So. then, Lehi can well feel satisfaction with
her present condition.
But it must be the kind of satisfaction that seeks
something better, not that kind which stagnates in
self-sufficiency. The future is colored with a rosy
outlook for her. It beckons her on to greater pro-
gress than ever. The duty of her sons and daugh-
ters is to retain and practice that patriotism for their
city which characterized the every action of their
fathers and mothers. Let her honor be their choicest
possession, her welfare their most immediate desire.
If so it be, then the future will yet bring forth a
greater and better Lehi.
Biographical Section.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
ANDREW R. AXDERSOX.
Andrew Rasmus Anderson
was born near the city of Aal-
borg, Denmark, March 9, 1844.
He was the only child of Jens
and Ane C. Anderson, people of
considerable means and influ-
ence.
The family became converts
of the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints. Andrew
R. was baptized a member when
sixteen years of age, and before
six months had elapsed, he be-
came a missionary of the gos-
pel, preaching in his own land
with great success. Through his
efforts he organized a branch of
the church in the city of Belum.
In the year 1862 the family
emigrated to Utah. His father
was buried in the North Sea,
but he and his mother arrived
in October of that year.
Mr. Anderson settled in Eph-
raim, Utah, where he was mar-
ried to Mary Ann Pederson,
January 1, 1863. Six children
were born of this marriage.
Later he married a second wife,
Nelsina M Anderson, by whom
eight children were born.
While in Ephraim he was ac-
tive in defending the homes and
property of the people against
the Indians. He took part in
all the engagements and expe-
ditions in the Black Hawk War
in that section.
Mr. Anderson moved to Lehi
in the year 1870, where he has
since resided. He procured some
of the choice lands of Utah val-
ley, which he tilled with profit.
He at once became active in
the civic development of the
community. He served for a
short time as marshal of Lehi
and one term as mayor of the
city. Through earnest effort he
brought about the entry of the
western half of section 16,
which row forms a part of
Eastern Lehi. He was a di-
rector on the Lehi City water
board during the early years of
its organization. He has been
identified with many leading in-
terests of the city. For years
he was a director in the Lehi
Bank and later the Utah Bank-
ing Company, also a director in
the People's Co-operative Insti-
tution, which position he holds
at the present time. ,He was
one of the leading promoters in
the erection of the Lehi Taber-
nacle which adorns our city.
Not only in civic, but in a re-
326
HISTORY OF LEHI.
ligious way, has Mr. Anderson
been active. From the begin-
ning he was a devout bel.iever
in the faith of the Latter-day
Saints. As a church worker he
filled many positions with
credit. From 1874 to 1877 he
filled a mission to his native
land. He was selected as coun-
selor to Bishop David Evans,
and later as counselor to Bishop
T. R. Cutler, thus acting in the
Bishopric more than 30 years.
After the division of the wards,
he served as a high councilor
in the stake. He was chosen
counselor to William Bromley,
president of the High Priests'
Quorum of the Alpine Stake.
Since the death of President
Bromley, Mr. Anderson has
been chosen president of that
quorum.
All who know Mr. Anderson
know him as a man of his word.
He has led a useful life, admin-
istering to the needy, helping
the distressed, and giving coun-
sel to his fellow-men. By his
straightforward and honorable
career he has drawn around him
a host of friends, and has the
entire confidence of all who
know him.
MARY ANN PEDERSON
ANDERSON.
Mary Ann Pederson Anderson
was born at Vedum, Denmark,
September 29, 1837. She is the
third child of a family of nine
children. She joined the
Church of Jesus Christ of Lat-
ter-day Saints November 9,
1855. The spirit of gathering
soon found Mrs. Anderson a
disciple, and she emigrated to
Utah in 1862 with C. A. Madsen's
ox team company. She was mar-
ried New Year's day, 1862, to
Andrew R. Anderson, at Eph-
MARY ANN PEDERSON ANDERSON.
rairh, Sanpete County, Utah. In
1870 conditions made it po^r1'
ble for her husband to mere to
Lehi, the place of her death,
September 23, 1912, at the age of
74 years, 11 months, and 24 days.
Mrs. Anderson was an active
worker in the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints. She
BIOGRAPHICAL.
327
was an earnest laborer in the
Primary Association from the
time of its organization until
the incorporation in the Lehi
Ward of the Relief Society in
1882. At this date she was ap-
pointed to the position of treas-
urer of the Relief Society, act-
ing in this capacity for the fol-
lowing eighteen years. From
1900 to 1903 she. filled the posi-
tion of counselor, and from 1903
to 1907 the position of president.
She is the mother of six chil-
dren, three boys and three girls.
NELSINA ANDERSON.
Nelsina Anderson was born
in the city of Staun, Denmark,
in the year 1854. She was the
youngest but one of nine chil-
dren. Her parents, Andres and
Dorothy Anderson, were the ad-
miration of the community in
which they lived.
Nelsina was one of those who
left a comfortable home for the
gospel's sake. In company with
her parents, three sisters, and
the youngest brother, she emi-
grated to Utah in the year 1868.
She is one of those who
shared in the sad experiences
connected with such emigra-
tions. A sister was buried in
the ocean, a father and a sister
on the way, and mother and a
brother died a few days after
reaching Utah. Thus only she
and her one sister remained.
Fortunately they were among
friends. They were offered in-
ducements to return to their na-
tive land by a well-to-do rela-
tive, but the girls were already
firmly planted in Utah, and here
they remained.
Nelsina Anderson came to
Lehi in the year 1870, where she
was married to Andrew R. An-
derson, a well-known resident of
Lehi. She has reared a family
NELSINA ANDERSON.
of children of whom she may
justly be proud. All who have
been her neighbors know full
well that she has kept the com-
mandment: "Love thy neighbor
as thyself." For fifteen years
she labored as a teacher in the
Relief Society, and holds such a
position at the present time.
328
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Through her warm sympathy,
kind consideration of others,
and her willing devotion, she
has left remembrances that will
never die.
ANDREW BJRRING
ANDERSON.
Andrew Bjrring Anderson is
the son of Andrew R. Ander-
son and Mary Ann Pederson
Anderson. He was born in Eph-
raim, Sanpete County, Utah, on
the 14th day of September, 1866.
When he was three years old,
his parents moved to Lehi, the
place of his home up to the pres-
ent time, excepting the years
spent in teaching at Vernal and
Beaver.
Mr. Anderson's early life was
occupied on the farm, which af-
forded a most excellent oppor-
tunity for attending school dur-
ing the winter months. In the
spring of 1884 he graduated
from the public schools, and the
following two winters attended
the B. Y. Academy at Provo,
graduating at the head of his
class in 1886 from the prepar-
atory normal course. The am-
bition of becoming a teacher,
which had been created under
the splendid instructions of Dr.
Maeser, were for a period of
six years not realized. It was
during these years that he was
employed by the Lehi Co-op. as
clerk, serving two years in ihe
Branch store and four years at
the main building, in Lehi. Dur-
ing the summer of 1892, while
acting as a grand juror in
Provo, the influences of Dr.
Maeser's early teachings moved
him to make arrangements for
attending school the following
winter. During the commence-
ANDREW B. ANDERSON.
ment exercises of the spring of
1895, the B. Y. University con-
ferred upon him the degree of
Bachelor of Pedagogy (B. Pd.),
also a diploma from the com-
mercial department of the same
institution. Two years later the
Church of Jesus Christ of Lat-
ter-day Saints, as recognition of
meritorious work in the Uintah
Stake Academy, conferred upon
him the degree of D. B. In the
BIOGRAPHICAL.
329
spring of 1912, he filed credits
from the most noted summer
schools of the University of
Utah, the B. Y. University, and
the Agricultural College with
the State Board of Education,
receiving from it a State High
HANNAH EVANS ANDERSON.
School Diploma. He served as
teacher and principal from 1895
to 1901, in the Uintah Stake
Academy, and from 1901 to
1907 as principal of the Beaver
Branch of the B. Y. University,
and from 1908 to the present
writing, he has occupied the po-
sition of district principal of the
Lehi schools.
Mr. Anderson has been a con-
sistent Democrat all of his life.
During his early manhood, he
received from his party recog-
nition in being sent as a dele-
gate -to attend the National
Democratic Convention, held in
Chicago, at which time and
place Grover Cleveland received
the nomination for his second
term as President of the United
States.
He has been a persistent
worker in the church to which
he belongs. In his early youth,
he was placed in the position
of counselor to the president of
the Y. M. M. I. A., and later be-
came president. For three years,
from 1898 to 1901, he was coun-
selor to Bishop John N. Davis,
of the Vernal Ward, and from
1901 to 1907, was presiding elder
of the Academy Branch of the
Beaver Ward. At this writing
lie holds, in the Alpine Stake,
the position of alternate to the
high council, member of the
stake board of education, and
superintendent of the religion
classes.
Wherever he has lived, he has
been a producer and a home-
builder, a lover of the soil, and
a producer of its products.
Hannah Evans and Andrew
B. Anderson were married in the
Manti Temple, September 12,
1888. To them have been born
Vernon A., Leland D., Maesa
L., and Mary M. Hannah Evans
is the daughter of David Evans
and Margaret Christina Holm
Evans. She was born in Lehi,
February 4, 1870.
330
HISTORY OF LEHI.
JOHANAH J. J. ANDERSON.
Johanah Johnson Jacobs An-
derson, the daughter of John
and Anna Johnson, was born in
1792, in Tyrsfors, Soken, Nor-
way. The family were farmers,
so her early life was spent on
the farm. Her education was
limited to the amount prescribed
by law, which was very little.
She married Swen Jacobs, with
whom she had two sons, Swen
aad John.
In 1830, the family emigrated
to the New World, being among
the first to leave Norway for
America. Two years after their
arrival, the husband died, leav-
ing Mrs. Jacobs a widow, in the
state of New York. A few
years later she married Andrew
Anderson, and together they
moved to La Salle County, Illi-
nois. While here they joined
the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints, through the
instrumentality of Elder George
P. Dykes and others. Mrs. An-
derson and her two sons, Swen
and John, were baptized Aug-
ust 12, 1842.
May 18, 1849, the family
started on the perilous trip
across the plains for Utah, with
ox teams, arriving in Salt Lake
City. October 31, 1849. On the
Sweetwater they were over-
taken by a raging snow storm,
and lost a great number of their
cattle, and but for the timely ar-
rival of help from the valley,
they would have been unable to
continue the journey.
The next two and a half years
were spent in Session Settle-
ment, and in the spring of 1852
the family moved to Lehi.
Grandma Jacobs, as she was
affectionately called, spent the
remainder of her days in Lehi,
administering cheer and comforc
to the sick and bereaved. She
was eminently successful as a
midwife, and a great deal of her
time was taken up with this
work. She died at the home of
her son, John, December 17,
1878, aged 86 years.
MONS ANDERSON.
Mons Anderson was born
February 8, 1829, at Ringsager,
Hedemarken, Norway. He emi-
grated to America in 1848, lo-
cating in Wisconsin. In 1852
he started for the gold fields of
California, but while passing
through Salt Lake City, he was
converted to Mormonism
through hearing Orson Pratt
preach, and was baptized by
Robert T. Burton, July 9, 1852.
He remained in Salt Lake City,
and married Christine Bensen
July 3, 1854. Before leaving
Salt Lake City, he was called to
go and meet Johnston's army
in Echo canyon.
He moved to Lehi in April,
1858. He filled a mission to
Norway in 1870-1872, laboring
as traveling elder and as presi-
dent of the Christiania Confer-
BIOGRAPHICAL.
331
ence. In 1882-1883, he filled an-
other mission to Wisconsin and
Minnesota.
He married Hanna Gulbrand-
son in October, 1875. He was
the father of seven sons and two
daughters. He was one of the
first men in Lehi to raise flax,
hemp, and broom corn, and to
manufacture from these prod-
ucts rough linen, rope, and
brooms. For many years he was
president of the Scandinavians
of Lehi. He also filled other
ecclesiastical positions. Mr.
Anderson took part in all the ac-
tivities and withstood all the
hardships of early Lehi, and was
among the most ardent of pio-
neer town builders. He was a
prominent and progressive citi-
zen to the time of his death,
September 18, 1908.
Mrs. William Sharp.
CHRISTINE BENSEN
ANDERSON,
Christine Bensen Anderson,
wife of Mons Anderson, was
born June 11, 1826, at Aarnage,
Island of Bornholm, Denmark.
She accepted the gospel from
the first missionaries sent to
Denmark, and was baptized by
Elder George P. Dykes, August
24, 1850. She was living in Co-
penhagen at the time of her
conversion. She gave the elders
financial aid, and took great
pleasure in helping to teach the
Danish language to Erastus
Snow. Soon after her conver-
sion, she was asked to accom-
pany the elders to Bornholm
her native island, to do mission-
ary work. Her parents, Yeppe
and Maren Bensen, gave them
a home, and she helped to sup-
port the elders, and assisted
them in their missionary work.
She was the second convert
from Bornholm to join the
Church of Jesus Christ of Lat-
ter-day Saints.
She left her native land for
Utah, December 24, 1852, on the
sailing vessel, "Forest Monarch,"
in Elder John Forsgren's com-
pany. They were ten weeks
crossing the ocean, arriving in
Salt Lake City, October 3, 1853.
The overland journey was made
by ox team, and Miss Bensen
walked all the way, besides car-
ing for an invalid, and cooking
for eight people.
She was married to Mons An-
derson, July 3, 1854. They en-
dured all the hardships of that
early day, making their home in
Salt Lake City till the spring of
1858. when they moved to Lehi.
Their first home here was a dug-
out, and later two small adobe
rooms. She engaged in pioneer
industries, such as carding,
spinning, and weaving. She was
the mother of five sons and one
daughter, and an active Relief
Society worker for over twenty
years. She endured the hard-
ships of early days with cheer-
fulness and patience. Lehi was
her home till the time of her
death. December 28. 1909.
Mrs. William Sharp.
332
HISTORY OF LEHI.
THOMAS ASHTON.
Thomas Ashton, the son of
Joseph and Catherine Sedden
Ashton, was born in the town-
ship of Parr, Lancashire, Eng-
land, November 7, 1813. At the
age of fifteen years he was ap-
prenticed for six years to the
trade of wheelwright, carriage
builder, and ship-carpenter. At
the expiration of his apprentice-
ship, he went to work on the
Liverpool and London railway,
which was being built at that
time.
November 20, 1836, he mar-
ried Mary Howard. He and his
wife were the first citizens of
St. Ellens to be baptized mem-
bers of the Mormon Church.
They were baptized by Samuel
Cryer at St. Ellens, Lancashire,
England.
They emigrated to America in
1841, and made their home at
Skunk River, Iowa. The fam-
ily were driven away by the
mob and went to Nauvoo. He
returned to Skunk River to sell
his property, but the mob had
possession, and compelled him
to sign a deed to the property.
His wife died August 26, 1849,
at Pottawattamie, Iowa. She
was the mother of five children.
He was ordained a priest Jan-
uary, 1841, by Theodore Curtis;
ordained a seventy at Nauvoo,
1844, ordained a high priest by
Daniel S. Thomas, August 22,
1875, at Lehi, Utah, and re-
ceived his endowments May 23,
1856, at Salt Lake City, Utah.
On September 25, 1849, he
married Sarah E. Mills. She
died September 3, 1850, leaving
one child.
On February 17, 1851, he mar-
ried Araminta Lawrence, at
Council Bluffs, Pottawattamie,
Iowa. They had eleven chil-
dren.
Before his final move to Nau-
voo, he went to work under the
direction of the Prophet Joseph
Smith on the Nauvoo Temple.
He assisted to build the noted
Mormon boat, the "Maid of
Iowa." The family moved to
Nauvoo after the death of the
Prophet. He took part in all
the events of the trying times
until the final expulsion. He
worked in the wagon shops
where the wagons were made
for the trip westward. He as-
sisted in the last defense of Nau-
voo against the mob, and helped
to work the cannon that was
made out of a steamboat shaft.
The family left Nauvoo at the
final expulsion, and went to Win-
ter Quarters, passing through
the events that happened there
until the breaking up of Winter
Quarters. Not having means
enough to come to Utah, they
moved back across the Missouri
River to Council Bluffs. Here
they raised crops until the
spring of 1851, when the family
moved to Utah, traveling in the
company of Captain Morris
Phelps. The company arrived
in Salt Lake City, September
BIOGRAPHICAL.
333
27, 1851, and came to Lehi, ar-
riving October 6, 1851.
He took a very active part in
planning and making onr first
water ditches, and was one of
our first water masters when
there was no salary attached to
the office. He was also very ac-
tive in planning and building
our first bridges across Jordan
River, and other bridges, also
cair first meeting and school
house. He was a member of
the Lehi City Council from
1854 to 1866 inclusive, and was
always prominent in adding his
means to the outfits of our boys
going on Indian raids. He died
in Lehi, Utah, January 22, 1903,
at the age of 89 years, 2 months,
and 15 days.
ARAMINTA L. ASHTON.
Araminta Lawrence Ashton,
the daughter of John and
Rhoda Sanford Lawrence, was
born in upper Canada, Decem-
ber 5, 1831.
With her parents she went to
Missouri in 1838, and was there
to share in the mob troubles
and the expulsion of the Mor-
mons in 1839, and they settled
at Pittsfield, Pike County, Illi-
nois, where they remained until
the expulsion of the Saints from
Nauvoo on account of their re-
ligion, in 1846.
She married Thomas Ashton,
February 17, 1851, at Council
Bluffs, and they emigrated to
Utah the same year, settling in
Lehi.
ARAMINTA L. ASHTON.
She was the mother of eleven
children, three of whom pre-
ceded her to the Great Beyond.
She raised and cared for four-
teen children, two of her hus-
band's first wife's and one grand
daughter.
She would take her family
and glean wool from the bushes,
wash, card, spin, and weave it
into cloth to clothe her family.
She also wove cloth and carpets
for others. She burned grease
wood, gathered the ashes,
leached, and used them to make
soap in the place of lye. She
334
HISTORY OF LEHI.
helped in the cricket and grass-
hopper war.
She was an active member of
the Mormon Church, and held
the office of teacher in the Re-
lief society, also in the Sabbath
School. She also labored in the
Mutual Improvement Associa-
tion.
Being of a charitable disposi-
tion, she was always ready to
help the poor and nurse the
sick.
She died in Lehi, Utah, June
10, 1891, at the age of 59 years,
6 months, and 5 days".
JOHN AUSTIN.
John Austin was a grandson
of James Austin, who was born
about 1748, in Bedfordshire,
England. His wife, Mary, was
born in 1752, in the same shire.
James Austin was fairly well to
do, being very industrious, and
had a respectable family of
eight children. One Sunday af-
ternoon, on his way home from
visiting a friend, he broke a
blood vessel while crossing a
stile, and died soon after. The
family was now dependent on
the mother, and the children,
who were going to school, were
kept out and set to work. The
mother died in 1835, being 83
years of age.
Joseph Austin was the sev-
enth child of James and Mary
Austin, and was born May 17,
1791, in Studham, Bedfordshire,
England, where he lived all his
dajs, and where he died Sep-
tember 14, 1870. He married
Ann Mills about the year 1814,
and to them were born eight
children..
John Austin was the third
child of Joseph and Ann Mills
Austin. He was born Decem-
ber 3, 1822, in Studham, Bed-
fordshire, England, where he
spent his youth and early man-
hood. He married Emma Grace
March 20, 1847; on her twentieth
birthday. She was a daughter
of Thomas Grace and Mary
Jayce Grace, and was born in
Whipsnade, Bedfordshire, Eng-
land, March 20, 1827. Soon after
their marriage, this couple
moved to Kinsmouth, Hartford-
shire, where they resided for
about one year, when they re-
turned to Studham. While in
Kinsmouth, Mrs. Austin was
converted to the Mormon faith
and was baptized a member of
the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints, January 5,
1848, by Elder Benjamin John-
son, and two years from that
day Mr. Austin was immersed
in the waters of baptism.
Soon after their conversion,
this couple had a strong desire
to emigrate to Utah to the body
of the Church, as the principle
of gathering was preached con-
siderably throughout England
at this time. It seemed to be a
hopeless undertaking, however,
as \i was about all they could do
to get the bare necessities of
life for their ever-increasing
BIOGRAPHICAL.
335
family. Mrs. Austin, who was a
woman of great faith and deter-
mination, was very anxious to
do something to increase their
scanty income, that her family
might at some time be permit-
ted to gather with the Saints
in the valleys of Utah. One day
in 1854 a man came to her door
selling straw for braiding. He
persuaded her to buy a number
of bundles to sell to her neigh-
bors, offering her about one
cent per bundle for profit. Mrs.
Austin was quite successful in
this venture, and bought more
bundles of straw, which she also
sold at a profit. From this small
beginning, in the course of
time, a business was built up
and a small store was conduct-
ed, which helped materially to
swell the coffers of the fam-
ily. By 1866 sufficient means
had been saved to send two of
the children to Zion, accord-
ingly the two oldest, Harriet
and George, were sent. Two
years later the father decided to
emigrate, as perhaps the oppor-
tunities for making money were
more plentiful in Utah than in
England. Two weeks before the
vessel sailed on which John ex-
pected to travel, one of their
neighbors who also expected to
emigrate to Utah at this time
offered to lend the money for
the entire family to go. This
man was Bartle Turner, the
father of the Turner families of
Lehi, and it is needless to say
that the offer was thankfully
accepted, the necessary prepar-
ations hurriedly made, and the
family, which at this time con-
sisted of father, mother, and
nine children, was soon on its
way to the West.
They crossed the ocean on the
sailing vessel, "John Bright,"
and the plains in Captain Joseph
S. Rawlins' mule train, which
left Laramie City July 25th, and
arrived in Salt Lake City Aug-
ust 20, 1868. They came at
MRS. JOHN AUSTIN.
once to Lehi, where their son
and daughter, who had preceded
them, were living, and have
since made this place their
home.
Soon after his arrival in Lehi,
336
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Mr. Austin took up farming and
in connection with his sons was
among the first to take up land
on the bench north of Lehi on
the Bull River Ditch. The father
and sons have been eminently
successful as tillers of the soil
and when the sugar factory was
located at Lehi, the Austin
brothers were among the fore-
most to bring about the success-
ful cultivation of the sugar beet.
As a consequence, a number of
the sons of John Austin at the
present time are superintendents
of agriculture at some of the
factories of the Utah-Idaho
Sugar Company, George being
the general superintendent of
agriculture over all of the Utah-
Idaho Sugar Company factories.
After a well spent life of toil
and devotion, having brought
seventeen children into the
world, twelve of whom grew
up to manhood and womanhood.
Mrs. Austin died, November 30,
1893. In May, 1894, Air. Austin
married Elizabeth Pead, who
preceded him just a few days to
the Great Beyond. He died
February 13, 1907. John Austin
was a true and faithful Latter-
day Saint, full of devotion to
duty and true to every trust.
At the time of his death he pre-
sided over the high priests of
Lehi, and was dearly beloved
and respected by all. His fam-
ily has been active ir many
lines in the history, not only of
Lehi, but of the intermountain
region. They are noted for
thrift, industry, and business sa-
gacity, and are filling many po-
sitions of trust and honor both
in church and state.
The names of John Austin's
children are as follows: Har-
riet i Mrs. John Jacobs), George,
Joseph, Hiram, Alfred, Parley,
Heber, William, Sarah Emma
(Mrs. Charles Allen), Juliet
(Mrs. John Brown), Hector,
Anne (Mrs. Charles Munns),
Mark, Thomas, Herbert, John
Ezra, Lettie (Mrs. Abraham
Gudmundson), and Frank.
WILLIAM BALL.
William Ball, son of George
and Harriet Noyes Ball, was
born at Andover Hans, England,
January 22, 1833. He received a
common school education, and
at the early age of 16 years
left his home in the country
and cast his lot in the city of
London. Here he remained un-
til he became 21 years old, when
he joined the L. D. S. faith, and
in the year 1855 married his first
wife, Sarah Ann Markwick. On
October 1st of the same year he
set sail for America, arriving
three weeks later in New York.
His wife joined him there in
February, 1856.
Leaving New York in the
spring of 1857, he and his wife
set out for Council Bluffs, joined
Israel Evans' hand cart com-
pany, and crossed the plains,
walking a distance of thirteen
hundred miles. They arrived in
BIOGRAPHICAL.
337
Salt Lake on the 12th day of
September, 1857, where they re-
mained a few days for rest,
then journeyed on to Lehi. Here
he followed the occupation of
farming.
In the year 1858 he was called
to take charge of the toll bridge
over Jordan River, where he re-
mained for a number of years.
In 1862 he married his second
wife, Caroline Simmons, who
came in the same company
across the plains. From this
union came six sons and two
daughters. In 1863 he was called
on a mission to Omaha to help
a company of Saints cross the
plains with ox teams. In 1877
he filled a mission to England,
spending nearly three more
years of his time for the great
cause of truth.
He labored as a block teacher
for a period of 40 years, and
was also connected with the
Sunday School 30 years. He
was beloved by all who knew
him for his genial disposition,
always looking on the bright
side of life. He lived and died
a faithful Latter-day Saint, be-
ing called to the Great Beyond
April 10th, 1911.
His wives were certainly true
to him, working hand in hand
with him, suffering the trials of
subduing a new land. They
were faithful to the cause of
truth. His wife Sarah Ann la-
bored as a teacher in the Sunday
School, and held the office of
treasurer of the Relief Society
for many years. Caroline was
called as one of the first Sunday
School teachers when it was re-
organized in 1866. In 1878 the
first Primary Association was
organized in Lehi, and Caroline,
with 13 others, was set apart to
preside over this organization,
which office she held for 13
years. Since she discontinued
that work, she has labored as a
teacher in the Relief Society.
Robert Ball.
SILAS P. BARNES.
Silas Parker Barnes was born
in Deering, New Hampshire,
March 7, 1805. His parents
were natives of that state. His
father having a large family to
support, Silas, at the age of sev-
enteen, decided to cope with
life's battles alone; so bidding
his family farewell, he made his
way to Boston. With only a
single dollar in his possession,
he began what proved to be al-
most a fruitless search for work.
Finally, at the great grain and
coal wharves, he found a job
shoveling coal, which he grate-
fully accepted. Being active,
energetic, and willing, he suc-
ceeded in a few years, by un-
tiring industry, in winning a
partnership in the business and
finally owned it himself.
With the advent of prosperity,
Barnes decided to share his life,
so on May 7, 1832, he married
Miss Olive Chapman, then of
Boston, but a native of Saco,
338
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Maine. From this union were
born nine children, three daugh-
ters and six sons, of whom only
three are now living: Ferdinand
of Rhode Island, and Richard
G. and Watson of California.
The other children are Freeman,
Sarah E. Carners, Marcellus,
Pamelia, Leander, and Harriet.
In 1851 Mr. Barnes settled up
his business and with a number
of others who, like himself, had
embraced the doctrines taught
by Joseph Smith, started west.
Traveling first by railway to
New York and then by canal
boat and steam boat, they finally
reached Council Bluffs, Iowa.
After a stay of six weeks here
in preparation for the arduous
journey ahead of them, the com-
pany finally set out. The party
consisted of sixty wagons, two
hundred men, and almost that
many women and children. The
journey through the trackless
prairies, among ever-present
dangers from the untamed ele-
ments and wild savages, was a
noteworthy one. After two and
one-half months, the company
reached Salt Lake City. Here
the Barnes family remained a
year, during which the father
bought five acres of land and
improved it and built a house
and small barn. These prepar-
ations enabled the family to
withstand with comparative
comfort the severe winter which
followed. Next spring Silas
planted the five acres with peach
pits, which later grew into a
thriving orchard. The lot was
situated near the present busi-
ness center of Salt Lake City.
In the summer of 1852 the fam-
ily again moved, this time to
Dry Creek, where Barnes pur-
chased a farm about three-quar-
ters of a mile outside of the
fort. He was quite successful
in farming because of avilable
irrigation water. After one year,
the family was ordered to move
into the fort because of threat-
ened danger from the Indians.
They had seen the redmen only
once, when about three hundred
of them camped a little distance
from the farm, and stole some
cattle belonging to the settlers.
In 1853 Silas P. Barnes was
elected mayor of Lehi. He was
the first incumbent of that office
and filled it most successfully.
Becoming dissatisfied with
conditions in general in Utah,
Mr. Barnes decided to remove,
so in April, 1854, he started with
his family to California. After
a three months' journey they
reached the Golden State, and
settled in Yolo County. Here
Silas followed farming until his
death, in April, 1888, Mrs.
Barnes having passed to the
Great Beyond April 5, 1885.
During his later years, Silas
became an adherent of the Ad-
ventist faith, and having been
from his boyhood an earnest
student of the Bible, but few
men were so conversant with its
teachings as he.. Of strong re-
ligious convictions, imbued with,
BIOGRAPHICAL.
339
to him, right principles, ener-
getic, active, stern, though just
in all his dealings with his fel-
lows, he built up not only a
large worldly fortune, but also
made for himself a place in the
hearts of the people of the com-
munity as a good man and earn-
est friend to the interests of the
public. May the good and char-
itable deeds of "Daddy" Barnes,
as he was familiarly called, ever
be remembered.
Watson Barnes.
JOHN BONE.
John Bone was born Septem-
ber 2, 1839, at Caldecote, Bed-
fordshire, England. He joined
the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints in the year
1854, and received the priest-
hood shortly after, in the Calde-
cote branch.
He left England in 1858, on
the ship "Empire," traveling
with the missionaries who came
home that year, the year in
which the army came to Utah.
He stayed in New York and
worked until the year follow-
ing, when he went to Florence,
Nebraska, and volunteered his
services to drive a team for the
Church across the plains. He
arrived in Salt Lake City in the
fall of 1859, and came to Lehi
in the year 1860, where he re-
sided until his death, Januarv
16, 1893.
He joined the Sixty-eighth
Quorum of Seventies December
2, 1862.
His occupation was that of
farming. The first year sugar
beets were raised in Lehi for
JOHN BONE.
the sugar factory, he took the
prize for raising the most beets
to the acre.
He was a good citizen, a
faithful Latter-day Saint, a kind
father, and an affectionate hus-
band.
HANNAH S. BONE.
Hannah S. Bone, daughter of
James and Hannah Pratt Slater,
was born October 5, 1839, at
Clifton, Bedfordshire, England.
She joined the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints No-
vember 5, 1854.
340
HISTORY OF LEHI.
She crossed the ocean on the
ship "Underwriter," leaving Liv-
erpool on the 1st of April, and
landed in New York on the
1st of May. She came across
the plains with the hand cart
company under the direction
of Captain Daniel Robinson,
leaving Florence, Nebraska, on
June 2, 1860, and arriving in
Salt Lake City on August 27,
the same year.
She came to Lehi two days
later, residing here until the
present time.
She was married August 28,
1860, to John Bone, son of Wil-
liam and Mary Wagstaff Bone.
They were blessed with eight
children; seven are now living,
and reside in the following
places: John Bone of Lehi;
James Bone, Garland, Utah,
Mrs. Jane Mason, Lehi; George
Bone, Magrath, Canada; Mrs. H.
J. Stewart, Lehi; Mrs. Charles
Edwards, Garland, Utah; and
Eugene Bone, Lehi. Thirty-wo
grandchildren are living, and
ten are dead, while twelve great
grandchildren are living and
three are dead.
Sister Bone has been a worker
in the Primary and also the
Relief Society of Lehi.
WILLIAM BONE, SR.
William Bone, Sr., son of
Thomas Bone and Elizabeth
Ollengos Bone, was born No-
vember 8, 1812, at Beeston, Bed-
fordshire, England. He left
England for America in 1861,
arriving at Salt Lake City in
September of the same year,
and moved to Lehi soon after-
wards.
He was married to Mary
Wagstaff, from which union
were born seven children.
As a builder of Lehi, he was
noted as one of its most liberal
philanthropists; in all worthy
causes his name was written
near the head of the list.
He served Lehi as general
watermaster for several years;
also acted as a director of the
People's Co-operative Institu-
tion for a term of years.
He was one of Lehi's fore-
most farmers, and above all true
to himself and honest with all
his fellows. He died October
2, 1902, at Lehi, Utah.
WILLIAM BONE, JR.
William Bone, Jr., was born
November 6, 1841, in Upper
Caldicote, Bedfordshire, Eng-
land, his parents being William
and Mary Wagstaff Bone.
In April, 1861, he sailed from
Liverpool for America, on the
sailing vessel "Underwriter,"
with his parents. They crossed
the plains from the Missouri
River with an ox team, arriving
in Salt Lake City in September,
1861, and moving to Lehi soon
after.
In 1863 he returned to the
Missouri River with an ox-team
BIOGRAPHICAL.
341
for immigrants, bringing also on
his journey a part of the famous
Salt Lake Tabernacle organ.
In 1866-1867 he went to San-
pete and Sevier counties to help
quell the Indian trouble, par-
ticipating in what is known as
the Black Hawk War.
In July, 1867, he married
Fanny Wagstafif, from which
union there were eleven chil-
dren.
He served Lehi six years in
the capacity of city councilor,
being elected for the two-year,
and later for the four-year term.
He was rated as a leading
farmer, and served a number of
years in the board of directors
of the Lehi Irrigation company,
acting as its president several
terms, and holding this position
at the time of his death.
He died November 19, 1912,
at Lehi, Utah.
SAMUEL BRIGGS.
Samuel Briggs, son of Wil-
liam Briggs and Jane Hays
Briggs, was born at South Clif-
ton, Nottinghamshire, England,
on the 20th day of June, 1826.
As was the custom in that pe-
riod, he received a parochial
school education, working with
his father on a farm until he
was 13 years of age, when he
hired out by the year to a farm-
er, at Olme, Nottinghamshire,
working for a year, after which
he went to work in the coal
mines of that district. While
living at Bolesover, five miles
from Chesterfield, Derbyshire,
he heard the principles of the
gospel as taught by the elders
of the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints, and em-
braced that faith, being bap-
tized in the year 1849.
He emigrated to the United
States of America, together with
his wife Hannah Dean, in the
year 1850, arriving at New
Orleans on Christmas Eve, on the
ship "Zetland." after a five
weeks and two days' journey
over the ocean.
In January, 1850, he moved up
the river to St. Louis, Missouri,
staying there 15 weeks, when he
moved to Council Bluffs, Iowa,
from which place he again
moved to Springville, three
miles from Kanesville, where he
spent the winter.
He migrated to the upper
crossing of Keg Creek in the
spring of 1851. In the summer
of 1851 he cut the lumber and
made the outfit with which lie
crossed the plains. After the
wood work was all completed,
it was discovered that there was
no blacksmith in that region
who could iron the wagons.
About this time Apostle Ezra
T. Benson visited the colony
and bade them be of good cheer,
for all who so desired would be
able to make the journey to
Utah that season. This promise
was fulfilled, for in a short time
342
HISTORY OF LEHI.
a blacksmith arrived, bringing
the necessary tools and iron to
complete the wagons, as a result
of which the journey to Utah
was made in safety. Briggs, to-
gether with his wife and son
Samuel, arrived in Salt Lake
City. Utah, on the 7th day of
October, 1852, moving to Lehi
during the same month. He
was engaged at once by John R.
Murdock to work on his farm
for a short period, after which
he engaged in farming for him-
self, following that avocation
principally until his death.
Samuel Briggs had five sons
by his first wife, four of whom
survived him. In the fall of 1868
he married Emma Thomas, by
whom he had twelve children,
five sons and seven daughters,
nine of whom survived him. He
was a good, industrious, enter-
prising, and thrifty citizen, being
identified with such commercial
enterprises as the Z. C. M. I. of
Salt Lake City, the Provo
Woolen Mills, and the Peoples'
Co-operative Institution of Lehi.
He held successively the offices
of teacher, elder, seventy, and
high priest in the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints.
He died at Lehi City on Octo-
ber 22, 1898.
JOSEPH BROADBENT.
Joseph Broadbent. son of John
Broadbent and Betty Lees, was
born August 26, 1836, in Mill
Bottom, Oldham, Lancashire,
England. For many generations
his forefathers worked in the
cotton mills and to this life he
was very early assigned. After
going to school about one year.
he commenced to work in the
mills at the age of nine years,
working half time, as the law
would not permit children under
14 years to work full time. Be-
ing the oldest child of the fam-
ily, which was very poor, he was
not permitted any leisure time
for further education, except a
little at the Sabbath School,
where reading and writing were
taught.
At the age of 19 years, he mar-
ried Sarah Dixon, whom he had
met at the meetings of the Mor-
mon Church, to which organiza-
tion he had allied himself about
a year previous. When the
Mormon elders began proselyt-
ing in the neighborhood, consid-
erable opposition was manifest
by various members of the fam-
ily, but eventually the father,
mother, and children were all
converted to the doctrines set
forth by the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints.
April 11, 1859, Mr.Broadbent and
wife set sail for America on the
sailing vessel "Wm. Tapscott,"
in company with 725 emigrating
Saints. They arrived in New
York May 14th, and at Florence,
Nebraska, on the 25th of the
month. On the 9th of June they
started across the plains in
George Rowlev's hand cart com-
BIOGRAPHICAL.
343
pany, arriving in Salt Lake City
September 4, 1859. The latter
part of the journey across the
plains was very severe, for after
being on rations for some time,
the food supply was entirely ex-
hausted and the company camp-
ed for several days near Devil's
Gate waiting for help from the
valley, which arrived in time to
save them from actual starva-
tion.
Being acquainted with James
Taylor of Lehi. who had been
one of the missionaries laboring
in Oldham, Mr. Broadbent and
wife came direct to Lehi, where
they have lived ever since. For
twenty-eight years he followed
the occupation of farming and
mending clocks as a side line.
In 1883 with his oldest son,
Joseph S., he went into the mer-
cantile business, founding the
firm of Broadbent and • Son,
which has continued with steady
growth to the present.
Mr. Broadbent has been an ac-
tive Church worker, tilling a
number of positions with honor.
He was a member of the
first Old Folks Committee:
for many years an active
member of the Missionary Fund
Committee; and a Sunday
School worker for over forty-
five years. He is still active in
the Sunday School and although
he is now in his 77th year, he is
seldom absent from his post. Be-
ing of a musical turn of mind, he
has always been connected with
some musical organization. Thus
he has been a member of choirs
and bands both in this country
and in England. In the early
days he was a member of the
Utah Militia, serving as bugler
cjf cavalry under Captain Joseph
A. Thomas.
His wife dying in 1888, he
married Elizabeth Greenwood,
June 26, 1889, a daughter of
James and Hannah Turner
Greenwood, born October 29,
1843, in Haywood, Lancashire,
England. For seven years they
lived happily together, but on
August 14, 1896, he was again
left a widower. On April 8, 1897,
he married Sarah Lee Fowler, a
widow of the late Henry C.
Fowler of Salt Lake City, a
daughter of George and Sarah
Peaker Lee, born December 25,
1852, in Sheffield, England. She
had four daughters living from
her former marriage: Lilly Lee
(Mrs. John J. McAfee), Jennie
V. (Mrs. Charles W. Earl), Hen-
rietta (Mrs. Henry C. Allen),
and Ruth Pearl (Mrs. John F.
Cutler).
SARAH DIXON
BROADBENT.
Sarah D. Broadbent was born
in Saddleworth, Yorkshire, Eng-
land, April 8, 1832, being a
daughter of Samuel Dixon and
Hannah Percival. When she was
twelve years old, her father, who
was a stone mason, was killed
while working on a bridge, by
a large stone falling on him as
it was being raised into position
344
HISTORY OF LEHI.
by a derrick. Her mother hav-
ing died some time previous, the
duties of keeping house for her
three brothers and caring for a
baby sister now rested on her.
She never went to school, but in
addition to keeping house she
commenced to work in the cot-
ton mills when quite young.
In 1855 she became converted
to the teachings of the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints, and while in attendance
at these meetings she met her
future husband, Joseph Broad-
bent, whom she soon after mar-
ried.
With her husband and a large
company of Saints she emigrated
to Utah in 1859, crossing the
plains in George Rowley's hand
cart company. Some time be-
fore reaching Devil's Slide the
provisions ran so low that ra-
tions of 4 ounces of flour a day
were issued, which also were
exhausted. The travelers finally
got so weak for lack of food
that it was impossible to pro-
ceed farther and some distance
this side of Devil's Slide the
company halted, waiting for help
to come from the valley, as the
captain had dispatched a mes-
senger on horseback to Brigham
Young, telling of their condition.
After waiting a few days, the
captain was in the act of nego-
tiating with some traders for a
small quantity of flour on Brig-
ham Young's credit, when to
their great joy the relief train
from the valley hove in sight.
From this time until they
reached the valley they had all
they wanted to eat. At the mouth
of Emigration Canyon the com-
pany was met by a brass band
and escorted to Pioneer Square.
At the mouth of the canyon the
women were invited to ride in
the wagons which had come out
to meet them, but Mrs. Broad-
bent replied that she had walked
every step of the way thus far
and she would finish the journey
as she had begun.
Mrs. Broadbent is the mother
of eight children, three of whom
are now living: Joseph Samuel,
Eliza Ann (Mrs. Andrew Fjeld),
and Geneva Rebecca (Mrs. Ben-
jamin C. Lott). After a linger-
ing illness of seven years, she
died September 13, 1888.
MARTIN BUSHMAN.
Martin Bushman was born
April 1, 1802, in Lancaster
County, Pennsylvania. He was
the son of Abraham and Esther
Bushman, who were of German
descent. Martin received a
common school education,
spending his boyhood days on
the farm. He soon acquired a
knowledge of farming and be-
came a skilful hand at sowing
grain and using the sickle to
harvest grain and the scythe to
cut grass for hay. The winter
months he usually spent thresh-
ing grain with a flail, that being
the method used then. He also
BIOGRAPHICAL.
345
look an especial pride in caring
for his cows and horses.
In physique he was very
strong and healthy, standing six
feet high and weighing 175
pounds. He had light brown
hair and blue eyes.
At the age of twenty-five he
married Elizabeth Degen of his
native state. She was born in
Switzerland. September 12, 1802.
She was a woman of good char-
acter and strong will power. She
had learned all the branches of
household work and was an ex-
pert with the spinning wheel
and the needle. Undoubtedly
the training both husband and
wife had received in their child-
hood days qualified them to be-
come successful pioneers later.
Thirteen years after their
marriage, the couple joined the
Mormon Church and moved to
Illinois, a journey of one thou-
sand miles by wagon. By this
time they had four children.
After four years of prosperity
and happiness in Nauvoo, they
fell victims, with their co-relig-
ionists, of mob violence, and
were compelled to flee into
Iowa, leaving their crops stand-
insr. Making this journey in the
middle of winter, they suffered
intense hardships and two of
the children died from exposure.
In the western part of Iowa
they made themselves still an-
other home where they re-
mained for four years.
At the end of that time they
had acquired sufficient means to
bring them to Utah, so they set
out for the West. Their con-
veyance was a wagon drawn by
two yoke of oxen and four
cows. They arrived in Salt
Lake in September, 1851, after
a journey of five months. After
a rest of one week there, they
came on to Lehi, where they
remained until their death.
They arrived at their new
home without any provisions,
having eaten their last morsel of
bread on the way. The few set-
tlers of Lehi helped them, how-
ever, by furnishing Martin em-
ployment in the harvesting of
the crops. Shortly afterwards,
he obtained some land and built
a home. Henceforth he was ac-
tively engaged in helping to
build up Lehi, participating in
all the joys and sorrows inci-
dent to the settlement of the
city.
He proved true to his country
and his religion, considerate of
his wife and kind to his chil-
dren. He never turned a
stranger away hungry. He died
in 1870, aged 68. His wife sur-
vived him eight years, finally
passing the 76th milestone.
Much of her time she spent with
the sick and her memory will
ever live in the hearts of many
of her sex on account of kind-
nesses bestowed unon them.
The five children the Bush-
mans brought to Lehi are still
alive, the oldest being 83 years
old. All have been as their
parents — true pioneers; for they
346
HISTORY OF LEHI.
have assisted in building up
towns from Canada on the north
to Arizona on the south, being
always known as workers and
not drones. Truly as the poet
says:
"Toiling hands alone arc build-
ers
Of a nation's wealth, and fame."
MARTIN B. BUSHMAN.
.Martin Benjamin Bushman, the
son of Martin and Elizabeth
Bushman, was born Feb. 5, 1841,
in Lancaster County, Pennsyl-
vania. The first noted event of
his life was the journey of over
one thousand miles by team
from Pennsylvania to fllinois,
taken by his parents when he
was fifteen months old. Of times
the ground was his bed while
his mother cooked their scanty
meals. His next journey was
through Iowa in the winter of
1843, when two of his sisters
died for want of food and shel-
ter. They stayed at Council
Bluffs for three years to get an
outfit to come to Utah. Here at
the age of eight, he took care
of the team and chopped wood
for the family, so his father and
elder brother could go off to
work to get something for them
to eat and wear. Then came
their journey to Utah in 1851
which took four months of ardu-
ous toil.
Following this was their
struggle in Lehi to make a
home; fence land: make water
ditches; plow the land; build
houses; stand guard against
the Indians; and many other
labors and hardships they had
to endure.
At the age of twenty he re-
turned to Florence, driving an
ox team. The journey took five
months, covered two thousand
miles, and was to bring the poor
.MARTIN B.' BUSHMAN.
Saints, who had no teams, to
Utah.
He has now lived in Lehi
sixty-two years and helped in all
its growth and development
from a barren waste to a thriv-
ing city; he has taken part in
making roads, building bridges,
making canals, building school
BIOGRAPHICAL.
347
houses, and houses for worship.
He has held offices in state and
church, and has traveled in the
United States and Canada.
He has taken great interest in
the threshing of grain; his first
experience in Utah was pound-
ing it out with a flail, cleaning
it in the wind. Then he was in-
terested in the threshing ma-
chines. He has owned in part
and helped to run every thing
from the most primitive ma-
chine of early days to the latest
improved steam thresher.
His main occupation has been
farming and he has taken pride
in tilling the soil. The present
season, at the age of seventy-
two, he has done most all the
work on ten acres of land and
raised two hundred and forty
bushels of wheat, four hundred
bushels of potatoes, eighty tons
of sugar beets, and some hay.
He is the father of twenty
children and has schooled and
provided for them and their
mothers. He has been exposed
much, in camping out. with cold,
and has likewise been short of
food and clothing in early days,
yet for all this he is healthy in
his old age, and can read and
write without glasses. He helped
compile this little book, the
History of Lehi.
JOHN BUSHMAN.
John Bushman, son of Martin
and Elizabeth Degen Bushman.
was born June 7, 1843, at Nau-
voo, Illinois. At this time the
Church was passing through try-
ing scenes. His parents were
driven with the Saints from Nau-
voo, and after several years of
trials and poverty arrived in Salt
JOHN BUSHMAN AND WIFE.
Lake City in 1851. One week-
later they went to Lehi City.
There he spent his boyhood days,
always willing to do his full
share for the town. Often he
was very scantily clothed, and
lacking for food, especially dur-
ing the grasshopper years. With
the rest he had very little school-
ing.
In 1865 he married Lois A.
Smith. In the summer of 1866
and 1867 he was in the Black-
Hawk war.
348
HISTORY OF LEHI.
In 1876 he was called to Ari-
zona, and located at St. Joseph.
In 1877, he came back to Lehi
and married Mary A. Peterson,
who shared with his family all
the privations incident to set-
tling a desert country. She
named her first son Lehi, in
honor of her former home.
After many years of toil they
are comfortably situated, sur-
rounded by a large family, who
are all faithful members of the
Church. Five of their sons have
filled honorable missions.
Mr. Bushman has held many
positions of trust, having been
bishop 25 years, a member of
the Board of Education 21
years, Justice of the Peace 14
years, chairman of the Irriga-
tion Company many years, and
director of the Bank of North-
ern Arizona.
He and his wife have pa-ssed
the 70th milestone, and bid fair
to enjoy many more years.
JAMES PERRY CARTER
AND WIFE.
James Perry Carter was the
son of Josiah Carter and Re-
becca Perry, and was born Feb-
ruary 23, 1827, in Clutton, Som-
ersetshire, England. He was
baptized into the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
on October 17, 1848, by Edward
Roberts. He was ordained an
elder in 1852 by James T.
Powell.
On February 12, 1853, he mar-
ried Harriett Wood, a daughter
of John Wood and Mary Parry,
who was born June 6, 1830, in
Michael Church, Herefordshire,
England, and who had joined
the same church as Mr. Carter
in 1844.
In 1861 this family emigrated
to Utah, crossing the ocean or.
the ship Manchester, and the
plains in Captain Daniel Jones'
company. They came direct to
Lehi, where they have since re-
sided except for six years they
lived in Salt Lake City.
Carter was ordained a seventy
November 28, 1862, and a high
priest April 1, 1894. For twenty
years he was leader of the Lehi
choir. He also took a great in-
terest in education and for thir-
teen years was identified with
the public schools in the capac-
ity of school trustee.
Eight children came to bless
this family, four of whom grew
up to maturity. They are:
Catherine Ester (Mrs. Mosiah
Evans), Mary Ann Rosalee
(Mrs. Charles Woodhouse, de-
ceased) James, and Clara (Mrs.
Ed. Mowry).
The Carter family were among
the early settlers "over the
creek" and have been active in
all social, political, and religious
work in that neighborhood and
were esteemed as highly respec-
table citizens. On April 11.
1894, the mother, who was a
most estimable woman, died, and
about two years later Mr. Car-
ter married Amy Smith, late of
BIOGRAPHICAL.
349
England, with whom he lived
to the time of his death which
occurred October 11, 1898.
JOHN J. CHILD.
John J. Child came to Lehi
with his family in 187? and has
continuously made it his home
since that time.
He was born in Pennsylvania,
near Philadelphia, in 1831. When
seven years old he moved with
his parents to Belleville, Illi-
nois, where he lived a free life
in the woods and grew up ac-
customed to hard work on the
farm.
The death of his mother when
lie was but nine years old left
him one of four motherless chil-
dren, two boys and two girls.
The family was held together
by each sharing the burden of
providing and caring for home.
In 1853 Mr. Child became a
member of the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints, and,
with his father's entire family,
came to Utah. He lived at
Taylorsville for three years and
then moved to St. John, Tooele
County, where he lived until he
came to Lehi.
Mr. Child married Elizabeth
de St. Jeor January 8, 1861. He
is the father of twelve children,
six boys and six girls.
During most of his married
life he has been engaged in
farming and stock raising.
Among his working associates
he was ever a favorite, and
among the Indians with whom
he had much to do in the early
settlement of Tooele County, he
was known as a "heap good
man." He often served in set-
tling disputes between the
whites and Indians, and some-
times among Indians themselves.
ELIZABETH A. CHILD.
Elizabeth A. Child, wife of
John J. Child, is the daughter
of Francis de and Elizabeth
Jane St. Jeor. She was born
September 4, 1844, on the Island
of Jersey.
In 1855 the family emigrated
to this country, and having be-
come members of the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints, came to Utah. They lo-
cated near St. John (now Clover
Creek), where as a girl Mrs.
Child lived a life full of hard-
ships due to poverty and dan-
gers from Indians.
Besides being the mother of
twelve children and attending tr
the duties of home incident to
the rearing of a large family,
she has always been interested
in public and church move-
ments planned for the general
good. She has acted for many
years as a block teacher in the
Relief Society, and at seventy
years of age is still active in
that capacity.
350
HISTORY OF LEHI.
DAVID CLARK.
David Clark was the son of
William and Margaret Clark,
and was born May 28, 1816, at
Lincolnshire, England. Being of
a very ambitious turn of mind
and desiring to better his con-
dition, he left his mother coun-
try in 1841, and sailed for Amer-
ica. He engaged in the stone-
cutting business, at which he
had remarkable success.
One year after he arrived in
this country, he was convinced
of the truths contained in the
gospel of Jesus Christ of Latter-
day Saints, and was baptized
into the Church by the Prophet
Joseph Smith.
He lost his first wife and two
children in St. Louis by cholera.
He was married to Miss Myra
Williams, November 26, 1849,
and as years rolled on they were
blessed with six children, name-
ly, James, David, Myra, Rachel,
Annie, and Nelson.
Shortly after his marriage, he
and his wife prepared for their
journey to Utah. On April 7.
1850, they started with a wagon,
two yoke of oxen, a cow. and
provisions, lhey joined an in-
dependent company of a dozen
wagons. The buffalo were so
numerous upon the prairie that
they caused many delays.
They traveled over the old
emigrant trail, reaching Salt
Lake City August 26. coming to
Lehi September 10, 1850.
Mr. Clark and his family suf-
fered all the hardships of the
pioneer life in the early days.
Jn 1862 he was assigned to
missionary work on the Rio Vir-
gin river in southern Utah.
He died March 1. 1889, having
borne throughout his whole life
a reputation for sterling integ-
rity, and honesty of purpose in
all his dealings.
Mr. Clark organized and led
the first choir in Lehi.
Mrs. Elias M. Jones.
MYRA WILLIAMS CLARK.
Mrs. Clark was born at Staf-
fordshire, England, March 2,
1821. She was the only one of a
family of fourteen to embrace
the gospel. She came to Amer-
ica in 1849.
At St. Louis she met David
Clark, whom she afterwards
married. While crossing the
plains in 1850 she gave birth to
her first son. They arrived in
Lehi September 10. 1850. She
was one of the first white
women to come to Lehi.
During the early days of Lehi.
she took a very active part in
the social features, and was
loved and honored for the great
work she did in nursing the sick
and helping those in need.
Mrs. Clark died May 28, 1912.
at the age of 91. She was sur-
vived by three children: Mrs.
Rachel Gaddie, James W. and
Annie Clark.
Three children preceded her
to the great beyond: Mrs. Myra
BIOGRAPHICAL.
351
Thomas (wife of John J.
Thomas), David Clark, and
Nelson Clark.
Mrs. Elias M. Jones.
WILLIAM CLARK.
William Clark was born in
Worcester, England, July 26,
1825. He came to America in
1848, and followed the avocation
of plasterer in St. Joseph, Mis-
souri, for several years. He
married Emily K. Bryant just
prior to leaving- England, Sep-
tember 20, 1848. The year fol-
lowing, his wife died in child-
birth. During the winter of 1851,
he married Mrs. Jane Stevenson
Ross. The following spring
they started for Utah, crossing
the plains by ox team, and arriv-
ing in Salt Lake City in the
fall. In the fall of 1853 lie ar-
rived in Lehi, three years after
the first settlers.
Probably no one has done
more in a material way towards
the city's upbuilding. Hardly
any industrial project was ever
commenced in the city without
his assistance. He was a pio-
neer plasterer, doing this part of
the mechanical work on most of
the early homes and public
places. He was one of the most
successful farmers, and was one
of the first Lehi citizens to en-
gage in the sheep industry. He
was an organizer and director
in the People's Co-operative
Mercantile Institution, the Lehi
Irrigation Company, and the
Lehi Commercial and Savings
Hank.
He served several terms in
the City Council, was road su-
pervisor for a series of years,
and served a long time as
pound keeper. He was also an
active worker in a church ca-
pacity, filling a mission to Eng-
land in 1880 for the Mormon
Church, and serving as a coun-
selor to Bishop T. R. Cutler un-
til Lehi was divided into four
wards. At the time of his death
he was patriarch of the Alpine
Stake.
JANE CLARK
Jane Clark, daughtc; of Sam-
uel and Emily Stevenson, was
born in Canada, December 5,
1820. Both parents died while
she was in her infancy, after
moving to Newark, New Jersey.
She married Stephen W. Ross,
March 2, 1838, by whom she had
five children, four boys and one
girl. Mr. Ross died December
9, 1849.
May 10, 1851, she started for
Utah with her two sons and
daughter, arriving in Council
Bluffs in July. That same win-
ter she met and married William
Clark, a widower, by whom
she had seven children, six girls
and one boy. The following
spring they came on to Utah,
making the trip with a yoke of
oxen and a yoke of cows, ar
riving in Salt Lake City in Sep-
tember. The summer of 1853
352
HISTORY OF LEHI.
was spent on Cottonwood, and
in the fall they moved to Lehi,
which was her home till her
death, September 21, 1895.
JA.VE CLARK.
She was a friend to the sick
and needy, relieving many from
their physical , sufferings, and
contributing freely of her sub-
stance to the poor.
SARAH T. COLEMAN.
Sarah Thornton Coleman,
daughter of William Thornton
and Elizabeth Christian, was
born June 11, 1806, in Paxton,
Huntingtonshire, England. With
her family she joined the
Church of Latter-day Saints in
the year 1841 and emigrated to
Xauvoo, Illinois, soon after. The
family lived on the farm of Hy-
rum Smith, brother of the
Prophet Joseph Smith. Here
her husband. Prime Coleman,
and the oldest daughter died.
The mother, with her seven
children, was left to share the
hardships and mobbings with
the other Saints.
SARAH T. COLEMAN.
After the martyrdom of the
Prophet and his brother, Sister
Coleman and family moved to
the Eleventh Ward, in the city
of Nauvoo. Here she became
acquainted with Bishop David
Evans through receiving help
from the ward. Trouble for the
Saints was steadily increasing,
and when companies were
BIOGRAPHICAL.
353
formed to move, she and fam-
ily were placed in Bishop Da-
vid Evans' company. For three
years they moved from place to
place in Missouri, and then
made the final move to Utah, ar-
riving in Salt Lake City in the
fall of 1850. They remained
there that winter and the next
spring moved to Lehi, then
known as Dry Creek.
Sarah T. Coleman passed
through the hardships of pio-
neer life, raised a highly re-
spected family, and lived the
life of a Latter-day Saint. She
was respected and loved by all
who knew her, and was presi-
dent of the first Relief Society
organized in Lehi. She died
March 1, 1892, at the ripe age
of 86 years, nine months.
Mrs. E. J. T. Roberts.
SYLVANUS COLLETT.
Among the early settlers of
Lehi were Daniel Collett and
family, the eldest son being
Sylvanus, then a young man
about 21. Sylvanus' mother's
name was Esther Jones, a na-
tive of Wales, while his father
was an Englishman of Norman
ancestry. The youth of "Syl"
Collett, as he was familiarly
called, did not prevent him from
playing a prominent part in the
early days of Lehi and Utah
county. Were there Indians to
subdue, he was always one of
the first to respond to the call
to arms. He was of heroic
24
physique, tall, straight, broad-
shouldered, and athletic, and he
was entirely without fear. If a
parley with the Indians was nec-
essary, "Syl" was usually
chosen, as he talked the ver-
nacular of the natives as
though to the manner born.
While living at Lehi, Sylva-
nus Collett married Lydia Kar-
ren, a daughter of Thomas Kar-
ren, and their first son, Sylva-
nus, Jr., was drowned in the
creek near Lehi.
In the early "sixties" Sylva-
nus Collett removed to Cache
Valley, acquiring an extensive
ranch where Cache Junction
now stands, his father mean-
while being one of the first four
men to settle in Plain City, We-
ber County.
At Logan, "Syl" Collett was a
colonel of militia in the Nauvoo
Legion, and took part in the
Indian war at Smithfield in
1863. After one or two men had
been killed, the Indian chief was
captured and held under guard
by Colonel Collett, E. R. Miles,
and Thomas Winn. The chief's
sons came near to the settle-
ment, and at a signal the father
made a dash for liberty. Three
shots rang out, the redskin
leaped high into the air and
when he struck the ground he
was a "good Injun." The writer
of this sketch once asked Mr.
Winn his opinion as to whose
shot put a quietus on the des-
perado, and he laconically re-
354
HISTORY OF LEHI.
plied: "I am no marksman, and
Miles was but little better;
"Syl" could hit a fly's heel a
thousand yards with a blank
cartridge."
In the winter of 1863 occur-
red the famous fight with. In-
dians on Battle Creek, in south-
ern Idaho, when General Con-
nor of Fort Douglas wiped out
a combination of Bannocks,
Snakes, and Shoshones, but
with a loss to his own men that
made a decided nucleus to the
military cemetery on the bench
east of Salt Lake City. A short
time previous to the engage-
ment, Colonel Collett and
Thomas E. Ricks went as spe-
cial envoys from the Cache Val-
ley settlers to the entrenched
Indians on Battle Creek, and
secured the return of some ani-
mals that the redskins had
stolen a short time before.
When the Fort Douglas army
reached Logan, General Connor
summoned Messrs. Collett and
Ricks and went over the situa-
tion with them. When a sug-
gestion was offered as to the
mode of attack, the intrepid
general curtly replied: "Gen-
tlemen, I am asking for infor-
mation, not advice."
From a nearby eminence, Col-
onel Collett and Dudley D.
Merrill witnessed the slaughter
of General Connor's men, un-
til late in the day, when a wick-
ed fire from howitzers mounted
on mules' backs ended the af-
fray in the almost complete an-
nihilation of the Indians. Col-
onel Collett always averred that
Chief Pocatello was not in the
Battle Creek fight, local history
to the contrary notwithstanding,
and he knew thoroughly well
whereof he spoke.
After leaving Cache Valley,
Sylvanus Collett .lived for a
while in Nounan Valley, Bear
Lake County, Idaho, where he
grazed large herds of horses,
cattle, and sheep, from whence
he removed to Smith's Fork,
now Cokeville, Wyoming, where
he lived the remainder of his
life, engaged in mining, stock
raising, and kindred pursuits.
He died while on a visit to Salt
Lake City, April 10, 1901.
"Syl" Collett possessed char-
acteristics that endeared him to
all who had his acquaintance.
To his bravery, before alluded
to, were added a loyalty to
friend and a kindly and char-
itable consideration for foe in
remarkable degree. Of the lat-
ter phase of his disposition note
the following incident: Through
his instrumentality a malefactor
was being turned over to offi-
cers of the law. The man raved
and swore vengeance at the first
opportunity. "Syl" unbuckled a
horse pistol from his belt and
handed it to the culprit with the
remark: "Please don't shoot me
in the back." The weapon was
returned unused.
D. F. Collett.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
355
THOMAS R. CUTLER.
An essential requirement for
success in a pioneer country is
adaptability. New conditions
must be met, new methods of
life adopted, new problems
solved. He who possesses this
quality and with it the power of
application is bound to achieve
success. Thomas Robinson Cut-
ler was such a man,
Born June 2, 1844, in Shef-
field, England, his parents were
Thomas Cutler and Elizabeth
Robinson Cutler. His father
was also a cutler by trade.
Thomas R. received an ordinary
education, and at the age of fif-
teen he entered into the work
of his life-business. For a num-
ber of years he was a clerk in a
foreign shipping house, and then
with his family, all of whom had
been converted to the teachings
of the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints, he emigrated
to Utah. He arrived in Salt
Lake October 6, 1864, and lived
for a year in a little house near
the mouth of Big Cottonwood
Canyon.
Next year he moved to Lehi
and again took up his business
career, this time in the employ
of the firm of T. and W.. Taylor.
When this concern later sold out
to the Lehi Union Exchange, he
arranged for them the terms of
the sale. For a number of years
he engaged in sheep and cattle
raising.
It was when the formation of
the Utah Central Railway be-
came a fact that the business
acumen of T. R. Cutler made
its first step and launched him
upon a career which has had few
equals in the commercial life of
Utah. Recognizing what the
railroad would do for Lehi com-
mercially, he conceived the idea
of establishing a store near the'
proposed depot, so in 1871, in
connection with James W. and
Thomas Taylor, he built a small
adobe structure where now
stands the Utah Banking Com-
pany. For a year he conducted
a store here. When, in 1872,
the railroad reached Lehi, the
concern was in a position to
realize upon their foresight.
Accordingly, the People's Co-
operative Institution was organ-
ized, and Cutler became the
manager. This company has
prospered since its establish-
ment, due in no small part to
its successful management.
Thomas R. is now the president
of the organization.
When the Utah Sugar Com-
pany was organized in 1890, the
promoters experienced no trou-
ble in deciding whom they de-
sired to control the affairs of the
new industry; they immediately
selected the young man from
Lehi who had made so great a
success of his business there. He
was therefore designated gener-
al manager of the Utah Sugar
Company. The success of the
beet sugar industry in the West
has been due in no small part to
356
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Thomas R. Cutler. His fore-
sight, business sagacity, reliable
judgment, and untiring industry
have enabled him to conduct the
company which employs him,
from its possession of a single
factory in Lehi, to a gigantic
corporation which owns eight
factories in Utah and Idaho, fur-
nishes employment to thousands
of people, and gives to the farm-
ers of the two states immense
sums of money each year for
their beets. The company is a
monument to his success.
But the sugar business is not
the only field in which Mr. Cut-
ler has been active. He was one
of the promoters of the Lehi
Commercial and Savings Bank
and the Union Hotel. Other
concerns which have benefited
Lehi only indirectly, which he
has been instrumental in form-
ing, or active in conducting, are
the Provo Woolen Mills, and
Cutler Brothers Company. In
addition he is a director in the
Utah State National Bank, pres-
ident of the Continental Life
Insurance Company, and an im-
portant member of numerous
other companies. He has also
engaged to some extent in the
mining business.
His public work in Lehi em-
braces various offices with which
the people have honored him.
He has been a member of the
City Council and city treasurer.
In politics he has been a Repub-
lican, but in spite of the earn-
est solicitation of his friends, he
has almost universally refused
to run for office.
But it is in his ecclesiastical
capacity that the people of Lehi
will longest remember Thomas
R. Cutler. When Bishop David
Evans resigned, on September
5, 1879, Thomas R. was the
choice of all the people as his
successor. For twenty-four
years he directed the fortunes
of the Lehi Ward, and by his
ability to lead, his sympathy for
each of those over whom he pre-
sided, his broad-mindedness,
and his unbounded charity, he
won a permanent place in the
hearts of the people.
In 1904 the ever-widening
scope of his business compelled
him to change his residence to
Salt Lake City. It was with in-
tense sorrow that the people ac-
cepted his lesignation as Bishop
and saw him depart for his new
home. But always they will
claim him; always will they
think of him as Bishop Cutler
of Lehi.
H. G.
ELISHA H. DAVIS.
Elisha Hildebrand Davis, the
son of Isaac and Edith Richards
Davis, was born in West town-
ship, Columbia County, Ohio,
October 22, 1815. His great-
great-grandfather, John Davis,
came from Wales and settled in
Salem County, New Jersey,
where the great-grandfather,
Thomas Davis, and the grand-
BIOGRAPHICAL.
357
father, Isaac Davis, as well as
the father, were born.
While the family were living
at West Township, Ohio, they
were converted to the gospel as
taught by the Mormon elders,
and in 1838 most of the mem-
bers of Isaac Davis' family, in-
cluding Elisha, joined the
Church of Jesus Christ of Lat-
ter-day Saints. Soon after, the
family moved to Illinois, and
after residing in several places,
settled near Nauvoo.
Elisha was baptized August
19, 1838, by Edwin D. Woolley,
and on the 8th of the following
January he was ordained an el-
der under the hands of Lorenzo
D. Barnes, H. Sagers, and Ed-
win D. Woolley. The next day,
in company with three elders
who had ordained him, he start-
ed on a mission to the Eastern
States. He labored for about
two years in the states of Penn-
sylvania, New Jersey, and Dela-
ware, assisting in raising up
several branches of the church.
On this mission he was instru-
mental in bringing the gospel to
Bishop Edward Hunter, Bishop
Elijah Sheets, Bishop Jacob
Weiler, the Rhodebach family
of Cedar Fort, the Bushman
family of Lehi, and many others
who afterward joined and be-
came prominent and faithful
members of the church.
He often worked in the har-
vest fields with the people and
in this way earned sufficient
means to supply himself with
clothing and food, and at the
same time won the love and
confidence of those with whom
he associated. In the fall of
1840 he started for Nauvoo,
traveling with a family he had
baptized. He arrived some time
in the following March, and
was present at the laying of the
cornerstone of the Nauvoo Tem-
ple, April 6, 1841.
Having had a brief visit of
about six weeks with his fath-
er's family, on the 27th of April,
1841, he started on his second
mission east of the mountains,
which lasted about three years,
when he was called by Brigham
Young, who had now become
the president of the church, on
a mission to England, arriving
in Liverpool August 19. 1S44.
on the sixth anniversary of his
baptism. During his entire time
in the British mission he pre-
sided over the London Confer-
ence, and at che close of his
ministry, on Christmas day,
1846, he took to wife Mary
Ann Mitchell. In company with
John Taylor, Parley P. Pratt,
Joseph Caine, and others, he set
sail for the United States on
the good ship "America." After
a perilous journey, they landed
at New Orleans, March 7, 1847,
and proceeded up the river to
Saint Louis, and thence to Win-
ter Quarters, where Elisha
found that his father and sister,
Sabina, had died a few days be-
fore his arrival.
Elisha and wife remained in
358
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Winter Quarters about a year,
when they re-crossed the river
to Iowa, and built a house on
the ground where the Liberty
pole stood, and where the Mor-
mon Battalion was rallied.
They lived there two years,
their daughter, Mary Ann, and
son, Elisha, being born at this
place. They then removed ten
miles east to Keg Creek, where
Sarah Agnes was born; re-
mained there a year; and emi-
grated to Utah in 1852. Mr.
Davis tended Bishop Gardner's
mill on Jordan River the first
winter, as he was a miller by
trade, and in the spring of 1853
the family moved to Lehi. In
the spring of 1854 they moved
to Bountiful, Davis County, and
for over a year Elisha ran a
grist mill for Heber C. Kimball.
In 1855 they lived in Bingham
Fort, near Ogden, and in 1857
returned to Bountiful.
Elisha took part in the Echo
Canyon war, and in the "Move"
south he once more brought his
family to Lehi, where they have
since resided. From 1858 to
1869 he had charge of Samuel
Mulliner's grist mill, which
stood on the present site of the
sugar factory. From then to
the time of his death, he fol-
lowed farming and stock rais-
ing.
Mr. Davis lived to a ripe old
age. beloved and respected by
all who knew him. As a result
of his early training in the
church, he was a theologian of
marked ability, and a clear,
logical, and forceful speaker,
very devoted to his church and
a good citizen. He was one of
the early members of the City
Council, and held other posi-
tions of trust and honor.
The following is from his
journal:
"To My Posterity:
"During a life of nearly 82
years, 59 years of which time
having been spent in the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints, I can testify to the hap-
piness of a life of moral honesty
and religious devotion. Experi-
ence has taught me the high
value of moral purity and relig-
ious sentiment, as reaching far
above earthly pleasures, and the
gratification of appetite and pas-
sion which cannot produce last-
ing joy.
"My success in life has come
through my not borrowing
money and mortgaging my
home, but always living within
my means, and sustaining my-
self and family by the sweat of
my face.
"When I owned little, I lived
on little and was satisfied. My
married life of 46 years has been
a happy one; my wife was al-
ways true, gentle, faithful, kind,
and wise, a help mate in very
deed to me. During our entire
married life of 46 years, we
never had a hard feeling, nor
cross word, but lived in love to-
gether, always adopting the rule
of speaking gently and kindly to
BIOGRAPHICAL.
359
and of each other; and nOw, at
the advanced age of 82 years,
standing as it were on the verge
of eternity, my great desire and
advice to all of you is to be
faithful and true to our holy re-
ligion, to never depart from the
faith and turn against God.
Every day that I live, I re-
joice more and more in the
great work of the Lord, and in
the hope of eternal life.
"Your loving father and grand-
father,
"Elisha Hildebrand Davis."
MARY ANN M. DAVIS.
Mary Ann Mitchell Davis,
the daughter of Robert and
Sarah Hunt Mitchell, was born
in London, England, October
19, 1822; was baptized a mem-
ber of the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints, in
1842; and was married to Elisha
H. Davis in London, December
25, 1846. She set' sail with her
husband for the United States
on the day of her marriage, and
settled in Winter Quarters, Ne-
braska, where she lived one
year. She was in Iowa three
years, and then emigrated to
Utah in 1852.
In Lehi, Mrs. Davis has held
many offices of trust and honor
in the organizations of her sex.
For many years she was the
treasurer of the Relief Society;
was the third lady teacher
called to labor in the Sunday
School, in 1866; and continued
to act until the time of her
death. On the 16th of October,
1888, she was set apart as a
president in the Primary Asso-
ciation, a work with which she
was connected for a number of
years. She had great influence
over the young, whom she won
to her by strong affection and
undying love. She was a true
wife and a most affectionate
mother. As a Saint she lived a
holy life, and had the gift of
interpretation of tongues, which
she received in her early asso-
ciation with the church, and
which she retained through life.
She died September 14, 1892.
Her family consisted of the
following children: Mary Ann,
born near Council Bluffs, Iowa,
October 31, 1848; living at pres-
ent in Lehi.
Elisha Hildebrand, born near
Council Bluffs, February 7,
1850; now living in Lehi.
Sarah Agnes (Mrs. Charles
Karren), born on Keg Creek,
Pottawattamie County, Iowa,
March 21, 1852; now living in
Magrath, Canada.
Orinda Jane (Mrs. Dilbert H.
Allred), born at' Bountiful, Da-
vis County, Utah, April 14, 1854;
now of Lehi.
George Edward, born in Bing-
ham Fort, near Ogden, Febru-
ary 4, 1857; now of Lehi.
Alphonzo Mitchel, born Feb-
ruary 19, 1859, near Lehi; still
residing in Lehi.
Edith Richards, born near
Lehi, December 17, 1860; died.
360
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Sabina Ann, born near Lehi,
December 9, 1862; now of Salt
Lake City.
W. W. DICKERSON.
William Walter Dickerson,
son of James W. and Winnie L.
Rice Dickerson, was born July
1, 1880, at Lamar, Benton Coun-
ty, Mississippi. I was baptized
into the Mormon Church July
4, 1897, in Mississippi, and
married Effie Bell Curtis, Oc-
tober 24, 1897, near Lamar,
Mississippi, where we remained
until 1899, at which time we
moved to Tennessee, and lived
in the city of Memphis until
August, 1903. We then came
W. W. DICKERSON.
to Utah and settled in Lehi,
August 21, 1903, where I have
remained since.
I have been engaged in the
business of carpentering and
building in Lehi. My wife and
children were sealed to me No-
vember 3, 1904, in the Salt Lake
Temple. I was ordained an
elder March 7, 1904; was called
to work in the Sunday School
of Lehi Third Ward, in 1905;
was set apart as president of
the M. I. A., in 1906. I did my
first baptizing October 27, 1906,
when I baptized twenty-five
children. I was ordained a sev-
enty February 4, 1906; called as
an aide in the Alpine Stake Re-
ligion Class work, in 1908; was
called to the Bishopric of the
Third Ward as First Counselor
to Bishop Lewis, in 1910; and
was ordained a high priest in
1910.
I was elected school trustee
July 8, 1911.
JOSEPH A. DORTON.
Joseph A. Dorton, son of
John Dorton and Catherine
Carl, was born June 5, 1821, at
Stockport, Cheshire, England.
He came to Utah in 1855, and
moved to Lehi in 1857. He was
the first butcher in Lehi, also
the first one to move outside
of the old fort wall, moving
over on the divide between this
valley and Cedar Valley. He
had remarkable skill in dealing
with the Indians.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
361
He crossed the plains with
the Saints to enjoy freedom of
worship, and made two trips
back to pilot two more immi-
grant trains to Utah.
He married Martha Clayton
in 1858, and was the father of
twelve children.
JOSEPH
DORTON.
In
1860 he conducted the
stage line between Salt Lake
and Cedar Fort.
He died November 5, 1898.
MARTHA C. DORTON.
Martha Clayton Dorton,
daughter of George Clayton
and Jane Bingham, was born
July 16, 1837, at Greenlane,
Cheshire, England. She emi-
grated with her parents to Utah
in 1855, and moved to Lehi in
1856. She was a member of the
first choir in Lehi.
She married Joseph A. Dor-
ton, in 1858, and was the mother
of twelve children.
She has been a resident of
Lehi 57 years.
EDWARD WM. EDWARDS.
Edward William Edwards
was born in Carmarthenchere,
Wales, March 3, 1831. He
joined the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints
September, 1849. He moved
from Carmarthenchere to Llan-
elly, where he was appointed
counselor of that branch of the
church. In the spring of 1854
he left his native home for
America, landing in New York
in June, 1854. In August, 1854,
he moved west to Illinois. In
the spring of 1855 he moved to
Saint Louis, Missouri, and a
company of fifty, under the di-
rection of Erastus Snow, went
to Fort Riley to build the fort.
He was appointed teacher of
the camp by Bishop Charles
Chord. The camp broke up,
and they went in the fall of the
same year to Saint Louis, where
he acted as nurse in the cholera
plague, and secured means by
which to cross the plains.
The spring of 1856 he moved
to Florence, Nebraska, and re-
mained there until the camp was
362
HISTORY OF LEHI.
ready to move out on the plains,
which was with the first hand
cart company, in charge of Cap-
fain Edmond Elsworth. They
arrived on the public square,
Salt Lake City, October 3, 1856.'
MRS. EDWARD W. EDWARDS.
He hired out to Bishop Woolley
to work in the saw mills in Lit-
tle Cottonwood canyon. The
latter part of 1857 he moved to
Spanish Fork and worked for
Bishop Butler until the move
south before the arrival of John-
ston's army. When he returned,
he went to the White Moun-
tains on an exploring expedi-
tion. After the army had ar-
rived, he moved to Camp Floyd
and worked at his trade tailor-
ing for the soldiers. While em-
ployed at Camp Floyd he was
shot in the leg by an intoxi-
cated soldier, who, after finding
out what he had done, did ev-
erything in his power to shield
himself, paying all expense of
doctors and medical treatment.
After his recovery he moved
to Lehi in the spring of 1859,
and married Amanda Evans,
April 29, 1859, who was the
daughter of the late Bishop Da-
vid Evans of the Lehi ward. She
was born April 21, 1844, at Han-
cock County, Illinois. She
passed peacefully away on
March 25, 1881. They had born
through their union eleven chil-
dren, eight boys and three girls.
He was ordained in the Fif-
tieth quorum of Seventies, at
Spanish Fork, and was trans-
ferred to the Sixty-eighth quo-
rum, in Lehi. He was a block
teacher for many years in the
Lehi Ward, and was ordained a
high priest about two years be-
fore his death. He died in
American Fork, November 29,
1903.
The funeral was held at Lehi,
December 1st, Counselor A. R.
Anderson having charge of the
meeting.
Singing, "Heaven is my
home."
Prayer, William Southwick.
Singing, "O my Father."
The speakers were: Thomas
R. Jones, William Clark, John
Austin, Sr., and A. R. Anderson.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
363
Singing, hymn 406, "Rest,
Rest."
The deceased was laid to rest
in the Lehi cemetery, the grave
being dedicated by Joseph
Kirkham.
He was assistant chorister in
the Lehi ward for many years.
ABEL EVANS.
Abel Evans, son of Samuel
Evans, was born June 24, 1813,
at Carmarthenshire, South
Wales. His boyhood and early
life were spent in the coal mines
of his native land. He never
joined any of the religious de-
nominations, although he always
lived an honest, moral, and up-
right life. About the year 1840
he received the gospel as taught
by the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints, in Glamor-
ganshire, South Wales, being the
second person baptized in
Wales. For the next ten years
he devoted himself to the min-
istry, traveling in South and
North Wales, and as a result a
great many people accepted the
gospel at his hands.
. He emigrated to America in
1850, and while crossing the
ocean, he became acquainted
with Mary Jones, whom he mar-
ried after landing in America.
The next two years were spent
in Council Bluffs, and in 1852
he and his wife crossed the
plains with ox teams, coming
direct to Lehi, where he resided
for thirteen years. He was
called on a mission to his na-
tive land in 1865, and labored
there for a period of one and
a half years, at which time he
slept in a damp bed, from the
effects of which he died Novem-
ber 30, 1866, firm in his Mas-
ters' cause.
He was the husband of three
wives, namely: Mary Jones,
Martha Morgan, and Jane Da-
vis. He was the father of six-
teen children, nine of whom
reached maturity, namely: Abel
John, William, Samuel, Mary
(Mrs. Thomas Webb), Sarah
(Mrs. William Sabey of Ma-
grath, Canada), Catherine (Mrs.
William R. Yates), Hyrum, Ed-
ward (now of Beach, Idaho),
Martha (Mrs. George C. Phil-
lips, deceased), Jane (Mrs.
Abraham Gudmunson, de-
ceased).
Abel Evans was a man of
strong faith, and was especially
endowed with the gift of healing
and the discerning of spirits. He
was counselor to Bishop David
Evans for a number of years as
well as being president of the
high priests' quorum; was mar-
shal of Lehi; and held a num-
ber of other civil offices.
MARY JONES EVANS.
Mary Jones Evans was born
August 1, 1827, at Carmarthen-
shire, South Wales. She joined
the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints about the year
1849 in her native Jand and emi-
364
HISTORY OF LEHI.
grated to America in 1859, and
while on the way became ac-
quainted with Abel Evans, to
whom she was married on their
arrival in America. She lived in
Council Bluffs two years and in
the spring of 1852 started to
Utah. Their team consisted of
one yoke of cattle, one cow and
a two-year-old heifer. They ar-
rived in Lehi in the fall of the
same year.
MARY JONES EVANS.
Mrs. Evans went through all
the hardships pertaining to pio-
neer life. She was left a widow
i-i 1866, her husband having died.
on a mission to Wales, leaving a
family of six children, three boys
and three girls, the oldest twelve
years old. Although, she had the
care of raising her family, she
was never known to complain
and was always cheerful. She
was known for her hospitality.
She died April 3, 1894.
ABEL JOHN EVANS.
Abel John Evans was born
December 20, 1852, at Lehi City,
Utah, being the son of Abel
Evans and Mary Jones Evans.
At the age of twelve years his
father went on a mission to
Great Britain, and in Novem-
ber, 1867, died there, thus be-
coming a martyr for the cause
of his Master, and leaving Abel
John the eldest of nine children
to take the lead in all the hard-
ships which the people of that
time were forced to undergo.
He had had but very little time
to go to school, and indeed the
opportunities of those days were
but poor for those able to go.
He worked on the farm and in
the canyons, and at other man-
ual labor; such as he could find
to do.
At the age of 21 years, on
January 26, 1874, he was or-
dained to the office of an elder,
under the hands of Andrew
Smith Johnson, and was mar-
ried the same day to Louisa
Emeline Zimmerman, in the En-
dowment House at Salt Lake
City, Utah. He afterwards be-
came the father of eleven chil-
dren, three boys and eight girls,
seven of whom are still living,
BIOGRAPHICAL.
365
namely: Harriet Mindwell (Mrs.
Heber Webb), William Erastus,
Robert James, Rose Ethel (Mrs.
Angus Elmer Peterson), Hazel
Julia (Mrs. George F. Holm-
stead), Vervene June, and Win-
ifred Erma.
Soon after becoming an elder,
he was chosen as one of the
counselors to Lot Russon, who
was president of the elders' quo-
rum at Lehi; on December 30,
1883, was ordained to the office
of a seventy under the hands of
Andrew A. Peterson; and in
April, 1889, went on a mission
to Great Britain. On January
15, 1893, he was ordained a high
priest, under the hands of Abra-
ham H. Cannon, one of the
apostles of the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints, and
called to the High Council in
the Utah Stake of Zion. He
acted in that position until the
Alpine Stake of Zio^ was or-
ganized, on January 13, 1901,
at which time he was made one
of the stake presidency, the po-
sition he now occupies, having
been set apart by Apostle Teas-
dale.
In the industrial line, Mr.
Evans has always been a strong
advocate of home industry and
local institutions, being a stock-
holder in the following com-
panies: Provo Woolen Mills,
Utah-Idaho Sugar Company,
Utah Banking Company, State
Bank of Lehi, Bank of Ameri-
can Fork, American Fork Co-
op., Intermountain Life Insur-
ance Company, Provo Reservoir
Company, Utah Lake Irrigation
Company, Salt Lake & Utah
Railroad Company, and many
other minor enterprises.
« Mr. Evans was a member of
the City Council four terms,
1881-1888; during the last three
terms was alderman, which in-
cluded the duties of justice of
the peace, and in 1891 was
elected mayor, this time run-
ning on a Democratic ticket,
being the first election since the
division of the people on nation-
al party lines. He has always
been a strong Democrat in pol-
itics. He served as a member
of the county court for four
years, 1892-1896, at which time
he was elected a member of the
Utah Constitutional Convention
and there took a prominent
part in framing the state con-
stitution. He served as a sen-
ator in the first, second, third,
and fourth State Legislatures of
the State of Utah, and at the
last session was chosen presi-
dent of the senate by the unan-
imous vote of his party.
Although Mr. Evans had very
few educational opportunities in
his youth, by determination and
study, pursued at odd times, he
has risen into the ranks of pro-
fessional men. Although he
never attended a high school
nor a law school a day in his
life, yet on May 13, 1901, he was
the happy recipient of a certifi-
cate from the Supreme Court of
the State of Utah, which entitles
366
HISTORY OF LEHI.
him to practice law in all of the
courts of the State.
W. S. EVANS.
William Samuel Evans was
born at Lehi, February 1, 1855.
He was the second son of Abel
and Mary Jones Evans. He
spent his boyhood days helping
on his mother's farm and doing
other odd jobs until 1874, when
he married Geneva Clark, daugh-
ter of William and Jane Clark.
They then moved on to a home-
stead in what is now known as
I\ew Survey. There on the farm
they raised their family of twelve
children, four boys and eight
girls, ten of whom are now liv-
ing. About 1900 he built him a
home, on Fourth North and Sec-
ond West, which he still owns.
He has followed various occupa-
tions, such as running a thresh-
ing machine, shearing sheep, and
general contracting. He is a
GENEVA CLARK EVANS.
member of the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints; was
ordained an elder in 1874, and
joined the quorum a little later.
When the Alpine Stake was or-
ganized, he became the presi-
dent of the Sixth quorum of
elders, and held that office until
he was released to become a
seventy.
He has held several civil of-
BIOGRAPHICAL.
367
fices,serving one term in the City
Council, one term as member of
the Irrigation Company, and, at
different times, nine years as a
member of the School Board.
During his terms of office, they
built the Franklin School, the
Primary School, the Grammar
School, the new Franklin School,
and the Sego Lily addition. He
also served two years as vice
president of the Alpine High
School Board. He served on the
committee that erected the new
High School building in Amer-
ican Fork. At the last election
he was elected City Councilor
on the Peoples' ticket.
DAVID EVANS.
Bishop David Evans, son of
Israel and Abigail Evans, was
born in Cecil County, Mary-
land, October 27, 1804.
His early training in life was
on the frontier in Pennsylvania.
He was of a rugged character,
such as to fit him for the events
which were to follow. His ca-
reer was remarkable for his
great industry, frugality, and
charity to the poor, his public-
spiritedness and broad, self-ac-
quired education.
In 1826 he married Mary Beck
and moved to Richland County,
Ohio. Here he bought and
opened up a new farm, where he
lived until he was baptized into
the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints, April 6, 1833.
On the 11th of the same month
he was ordained a priest and im-
mediately commenced traveling
and preaching, selling his farm
to enable him to perform his
missionary labors. He was or-
dained to the office of an elder
July 21, 1833. He went with
Zion's camp from Ohio to Mis-
souri in 1834, and received or-
dination to the First quorum of
Seventy under the hands of the
Prophet Joseph Smith and Sid-
ney Rigdon, April 29, 1835.
He attended the "School of
the Prophets" in Kirtland, and
then left Ohio for Missouri in
charge of a company of Saints,
most of whom he had baptized
himself. Here he bought land
and again made a home. He was
with the Saints through all their
persecutions in Missouri, among
which was the terrible massacre
at Haun's Mill.
In December, 1838, he and
family were compelled to flee
from the state of Missouri, leav-
ing all their property behind .
He then went to Adams Coun-
ty, Illinois, and commenced
preaching and baptizing many.
He lost his wife, after which he
moved to Nauvoo and married
Barbara Ann Ew'ell November.
1341. In 1842 when Nauvoo was
organized into wards he was or-
dained bishop of the Eleventh
Ward. He remained here until
the Saints were driven out, when
he was aopointed captain of a
company to cross the plains, and
arrived in the valleys September
15, 1850. He moved to Lehi the
368
HISTORY OF LEHI.
following February, over which
place he was appointed to pre-
side as bishop, the duties of
which he faithfully performed
for 28 years, tendering his res-
ignation on account of old age
and failing health, August 24,
1879.
He located the city of Lehi
and laid it off into blocks and
lots with a pocket compass, tape
line, and square. He was elected
to the first Legislature of Utah
and acted for many years as a
member of that body. He was
Colonel of Militia, served as
Major of the Lehi Military Dis-
trict several terms and was
Mayor of Lehi City three terms.
He married Climena Gibson in
1854, Rebecca Coleman in 1856,
and Christina Holm in 1861; and
was the father of 41 children and
a good provider for all his fam-
ily. His death occurred June 23,
1883, and the following day a
special train was dispatched
from Salt Lake City which
brought President Woodruff.
Bishop Hunter and several other
leading men to attend the
funeral. The cortege to the cem-
etery was the largest ever
formed in Lehi, 115 vehicles be-
ing in line.
BARBARA ANN EVANS.
Barbara Ann Ewell Evans,
the daughter of Pleasant and
Barbara Ewell, was born the
16th day of May, 1821, in the
state of Virginia, Albemarl
County.
"My father and mother left
that state when I was nine years
old, and moved to Bedford
County, state of Tennessee,
where we remained three years.
In 1833 we moved to Ray Coun-
ty, Missouri. There I witnessed
the falling of the stars, Novem-
ber 13, 1833.
"It was in my father's house
that I first heard the sound of
the everlasting gospel, preached
by Brother Jacob Foutz. The
next elder I heard was David
Evans. My mother being first to
believe, she was baptized by Da-
vid Evans, and the family soon
followed.
'We remained in Missouri un-
til the Saints were driven from
that state. My mother and sis-
ter being very sick when we left,
they both died shortly after our
arrival in Illinois, and in the
course of a few months another
of my sisters died, each leaving
a small child which I had charge
of in connection with my fath-
er's family, which consisted of
two brothers, two sisters, my
father, myself, and the two small
babies of my sisters, all of whom
I had charge of, and I being
only 18 years of age.
"I was baptized by Elder Da-
vid Evans, and confirmed by
him June 10, 1837, and I was
married to him on the 23rd
of November, 1841.
"I saw Joseph and Hyrum
Smith after their martyrdom. It
was a solemn day among the
Saints. We felt like a flock of
BIOGRAPHICAL.
369
sheep without a shepherd, but
the Lord had another shepherd
to lead his Saints. It was Brig-
ham Young. I was present the
day he was set apart to lead the
church. No Saint could dispute
it, for it did seem when he
spoke as though it was Joseph's
own voice that was addressing
us. I never shall forget that
day nor how the Spirit of the
Lord was poured out upon the
people; it came so mild, yet so
penetrating that every heart
beat with joy to know we had a
man of God to lead the Saints.
Oh, what a consolation it was
to know we were not forgotten.
"I remained in Illinois until
the exodus from that state,
which was in 1846. Some of
the Saints had neither teams
nor wagons. The brethren unit-
ed together and made wagons
for those that had none; by that
means all had wagons, but not
teams, and we were obliged to
get away, as the mob was howl-
ing around, and Nauvoo was
threatened. So my husband,
being bishop of the Eleventh
Ward, concluded to take the
teams they had and move as
many as they could. We made
a start with what teams we had,
crossed the Mississippi River,
went a day's journey, and set
the families down on the prairie.
The next day they took the
teams and brought the rest.
"Soon after the men got em-
ployment breaking prairie and
other work. We took oxen
26
and milk cows, so in the fall all
had teams and provisions for
winter. I did considerable spin-
ning in the tent, also quilted
several quilts. One great bless-
ing, we were generally well. We
did not have many luxuries,
still we felt thankful for what
we had. We then started for
Council Bluffs, but it was late
BARBARA ANN EVANS.
in the fall, winter had set in,
and we stopped on the head-
waters of the Nodaway. The
men cut hay and put up log
huts. My husband made a side-
loom, and I did considerable
weaving that winter. The cat-
tle could not live on the frost-
bitten hay so they commenced
370
HISTORY OF LEHI.
to die; our provisions began to
get short; and we were obliged
to leave in the month of Febru-
ary, 1847. We started for Mis-
souri, lost our way, our teams
that were left gave out, and we
had to kill and eat them to save
our lives.
"My husband and two other
men, Joseph Smith (Lehi) and
Shaw, went down to Missouri
to get fresh teams and pro-
visions, while they left their
families camped on a small
stream which was called Starva-
tion Creek. We suffered from
hunger and cold, but we did not
complain, for we were united;
we truly lived the order; we all
shared alike. My husband came
with fresh teams and provisions.
I tell you it was a day of re-
joicing. We had not heard
from them since they left. They
had had hard work to get
teams. The people were so
prejudiced against the Mor-
mons, they were almost to re-
turn without anything. My
husband told the people he
would return and die with the
rest of the people. One gen-
tleman spoke and said, 'Can't
you do something for these
men; they seem to be honest?'
The men began to volunteer,
and he soon had all the pro-
visions and teams he wanted.
"We then made another start
for Missouri. The snow had
fallen to a great depth, and we
could not keep on the divide.
After wallowing in the snow for
four or five days, camping on
the prairie without fire, we ar-
rived in Nodaway County, Mis-
souri, March 1, 1847. My son,
Joseph, was born April 7th, in a
house without doors, windows,
chimneys or floor. My food was
corn bread ground on a hand
mill; we had bran for coffee.
We stayed there three years,
had plenty of work, made a
good outfit and started for Utah,
May 15th, 1850. My baby was
ten days old when we started.
After the company got together,
Bishop Evans was appointed
captain. They were organized,
and on June 15 we made a start
for Utah.
"The cholera soon broke out
in camp. People were stricken
down on every side. There
were five deaths in our com-
pany, my husband's oldest
daughter, Mrs. Ira Hinckley,
was one among them. That
was a trying time. I had six
small children, but none of them
had the horrible disease. Had it
not been for that we should have
had a pleasant journey. After
we arrived at Laramie, we all
enjoyed good health.
"In the year 1850, September
15th, we arrived at Salt Lake
Valley, and lived there until
February 15, 1851. We then
moved to what was then called
Dry Creek. We have made our
home in Lehi ever since.
"My husband was appointed
bishop of Lehi, also postmaster
and served several terms in the
BIOGRAPHICAL.
371
Legislature. Our son, Hyrum,
was drowned at Pelican Point,
in Utah Lake, July 29, 1862, age
9 years, 21 days. He had been
baptized.
"I served as Second Coun-
selor in the Relief Society for
eleven years, I have done work
in three temples, and have a lit-
tle more to do, but my health
would not permit. If I cannot
do it, some of my family will
attend to it.
"My son, Eleazer Evans, was
called on a mission to Germany.
He left October 16, 1883, took a
severe cold while in London;
still he would not give up until
he arrived in Berlin. He re-
mained sick all winter. The
president released him to re-
turn home. He lived just three
weeks after his return, when his
noble spirit took its flight to
God who gave it.
"I am the mother of fifteen
children, seven boys and eight
girls, ten of whom are living
besides one adopted child, the
daughter of Louise and John
Beck; grand children 101, 86
living, 21 dead; great-grand-
children 51, 43 living, 8 are
dead. I was 75 years old May
16, 1896. All my children liv-
ing are married and have fam-
ilies, and live in Utah. I have
been a widow 13 years, was left
with three children. I feel
thankful through all the mean-
dering and shifting scenes of
mortal life. I have been pre-
served thus far in the faith of
the gospel, and can testify that
Joseph Smith was a prophet of
God."
REBECCA C. EVA::S.
Rebecca Coleman Evans, born
October 4, 1838, in Bedfordshire,
England, came to Lehi February
REBECCA C. EVANS.
15, 1851. She was married to
Bishop David Evans in 1856. She
is the mother of eight children
as follows: George Prime, Har-
riet, Sarah (Mrs. Samuel J. Tay-
lor), Rebecca, Emma Jane (Mrs
John Roberts, Jr.), Martha Ann,
and Ella.
372
HISTORY OF LEHI.
ISRAEL EVANS.
Israel Evans was born in Han-
over, Columbus County, Ohio,
October 2, 1828, his parents be-
ing David and Mary Beck Evans.
At the age of five years he went
with his parents to Missouri, and
four years later to Nauvoo, Illi-
nois. As his father's earnings
were no more than sufficient for
the support of the family, Israel's
education was limited to the sim-
ple studies taught in the district
schools.
In July, 1846, he enlisted in
the Mormon Battalion at Coun-
cil Bluffs, hoping that his enlist-
ment might save some older
man of family from service. He
received his discharge after a
year of severe duty in Califor-
nia. He then went to work at
Sutter's Mill and was employed
in the company which discov-
ered gold. He worked in the
gold fields long enough to fit
himself to return to Utah, in a
party under the command of
Captain Ira J. Willes.
He arrived in Salt Lake City
October 1, 1848, and was mar-
ried January 1, 1849, to Matilda
A. Thomas. In the fall of 1850
he came to Lehi, where a few
families had already settled at
Snow's Springs. He assisted in
surveying the first farm lands
and towns'te, and in locating
and digging the first irrigating
r'itches, including the ditch from
American Fork Canvon, which
•vas a great undertaking for that
time.
In 1853 he was assigned to a
four-year mission to England,
which he honorably filled. On
his r?turn he had charge of one
of the hand cart companies,
which he brought successfully
across the plains. In 1868 he
went upon a second mission to
the eastern states. He was one
of the presidents of the 68th
quorum of seventies, was Mayor
of Lehi for one term, and upon
several occasions was elected to
the City Council. He was also
appointed major in the local di-
vision of the Territorial militia.
He was ever a public-spirited
man. It was largely owing to
him that a bill was passed es-
tablishing the Agricultural Col-
lege and he was instrumental in
the location of the sugar factory
at Lehi, maintaining and prov-
ing the suitability of the pro-
posed site, in spite of discourag-
ing conditions.
He died May 31, 1896: in Lehi,
respected by all who knew him.
His belief in the faith of his
choice was unshaken through
life, and he left behind him the
unblemished record of an hon-
est, loyal, and generous citizen.
MATILDA THOMAS EVANS.
Matilda A. Thomas Evans,
daughter of Daniel S. and Mar-
tha P. Thomas, was born in Cal-
loway County, Kentucky, Feb. 5,
1830. She was baptized into the
BIOGRAPHICAL.
373
Church of Jesus Christ of Lat-
ter-day Saints when eight years
of age. In ber youth her parents
moved into Missouri, and from
there into Illinois. She was in
the expulsion from Nauvoo and
in 1847 she, with her brother
Isaac, crossed the plains in th*
first company of emigrants after
the pioneers. They drove teams
for John Van Cott in order to
get an outfit to return for the
rest of her father's t'amil>. They
arrived in Salt Lake City on
September 4, 1847. The next
year, her brother returned,
bringing out the family in 1849.
She was married to Israel
Evans, January 1, 1849. After
living in Salt Lake City for a
thort time they moved to Lehi,
settling at Snow's Springs. Aft-
erward they moved up on the
creek into what was known as
Evansville, and still later into
Lehi proper. In 1853 her hus-
band "was calle\l upon a mission
to England. He left her with
two small children, remaining
away between four and five
years. During this time she
passed through all the trials in-
cident to opening up a new
country, often going into the
harvest field to glean wheat to
provide for herself and children
She did much toward building
her first little home within the
fort wall. Her entire life was a
busy one, identified with the
people of Lehi.
She was the mother of nine
children: Mary Abigail (Mrs.
Benjamin S. Lott), Elgiva (Mrs.
D. J. Thurman), Martha, Israel,
Matilda (Mrs. Thomas Skalley),
Morgan, Rachel (Mrs. E. J.
Campbell), Lyda (Mrs. O. A.
Slade), and Henry. She died
March 11, 1905, a firm believer
in the gospel taught by the
Prophet Joseph Smith, having
heard it preached from his own
lips in her youth. She was a
patient and willing worker all
her life, always ready to give
help to those in need.
DAVID EVANS, JR.
David Evans, Jr., son of Bish-
op David Evans and Barbara
Ann Ewell Evans, was born in
Lehi January 28. 1852. His early
life was spent in his native city
working on his father's farm in
the summer and attending the
district school in the winter.
After reaching his majority, he
'.aught school for a time in the
Franklin School "over the
creek" and, in connection with
Samuel R. Thurman, commenced
reading law. He went to Ann
Arbor in 1884 and after his re-
turn moved to Provo, where he
and Thurman conducted a law
firm until 1887. As United States
Deputy Marshal, Mr. Evans ef-
fected the arrest of John D. Lee
and during 1887-1891. he was
Assistant United States District
Attorney under C. S. Varian at
Provo. About this time he moved
to Ogden. He was in the Utah
Legislature in 1892 and an active
374
HISTORY OF LEHI.
member of the Constitutional
convention in 1895.
In 1896, Mr. Evans was a dele-
gate to the National Democratic
Convention at Chicago, where
William Jennings Bryan received
his first nomination for Presi-
DAVID EVANS, JR.
dent of the United States. He
lived in Salt Lake City for a time
and moved to California about
1902, where he has been inter-
ested in some large enterprises
near Los Angeles. He is now a
prominent attorney in the "City
of the Angels." He has been
interested in mining to seme ex-
tent in Utah and has been quite
successful in this line.
In 1881 he married Leah M.
Nagle. a daughter of John C. and
Louisa Nagle. Three daughters
have been born to them, one dy-
ing in infancy, — the other two
are Lucile and Irma, who are re-
ceiving a liberal education.
Although Mr. Evans has risen
to fame and fortune, he has
shown on many occasions that
he has a tender feeling for the
place of his nativity and for the
friends of his youth.
CARL JOHN E. FJELD.
Carl John Ellevsen Fjeld was
born January 26, 1825, in
Drammen, Norway. His father,
Ellev Johnson Fjeld (he was
called Fjeld because of long ser-
vice at Fjeldgaard, Mountain
Estate, near Drammen) came
from Sigdahl, Norway, and was
born July 30, 1789. His mother,
Anna Halvorsen, was born
March, 1791, in Hillestasogn,
Norway.
Carl's boyhood was spent in
a ceaseless struggle for the bare
necessities of life, as his parents
were very poor, and although
he had no schooling he became
quite proficient in reading and
writing. When sixteen years of
age he went to sea, and spent
a few years on the briny deep,
much against the wishes of his
mother. She finally persuaded
him to give up sailing and to
settle down to work and as a
result he learned the trade of
iron founder, at the Eidsfos
Iron Works.
On the 15th of February, 1846,
he took to wife Maren Eline Pe-
BIOGRAPHICAL.
375
terson, daughter of Peter Mor-
tensen and Sophie Andreason,
born February 5, 1822, in Hoff,
Norway.
In the winter of 1852-1853 he
went to Denmark, and there
met the late President C. D.
Fjeldsted, a fellow workman,
who converted him to Mormon-
ism. He was baptized a mem-
ber of the Church of lesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints
April 6, 1853, by Peter Hansen.
The following May he returned
to Norway, and during the sum-
mer moved his family to Chris-
tiania, where he had secured
work. In the fall, Canute Pe-
terson, whom he had met in
Denmark, came to do mission-
ary work in Norway's capital,
and found a number of earnest
investigators among Fjeld's
companions in the foundry. A
regular missionary campaign
was now inaugurated, the meet-
ings being held in Fjeld's
house, and on December 8, 1853,
a branch of the Church was or-
ganized with nine members.
Fjeld was ordained a priest and
set apart to preside. This
branch has continued to the
present and is one of the strong-
est in the lands of the north.
During the next seven years,
Carl assisted the elders and took
an active part in the ministry,
and also endured his full share
of the persecutions which the
work had generally aroused. In
the spring of 1860, with his fam-
ily, he left his native land en-
route for Utah, crossing the
ocean in the good ship "William
Tapscott," under tlie command
of Captain Bell, and the plains
in Captain Oscar O. Stoddard's
hand cart company, arriving in
Salt Lake City, September 24,
1860. The first winter was spent
in Salt Lake City, and in the
spring they moved to Lehi, as
Fjeld had engaged to work for
his friend, Canute Peterson.
It was quite a change for the
iron- founder to drive an ox team
while working on the farm or
in the canyon, but this was the
usual occupation of the pioneers
of those days. On account of
grasshopper wars and other
wars, it was a hard struggle to
get food enough for the family
and the bread was often eaten
bare.
On November 8, 1862, he mar-
ried Anna Olson, a Swedish girl
he had become acquainted with
on the journey to Utah, and in
1866 he moved his first family
to John C. Nagle's place, now
known as Saratoga Springs,
while the second family re-
mained in Lehi. In 1870, an-
other move was made to Pelican
Point to take charge of the
stage station, but the next year
the route was changed through
Cedar Valley, so the family
moved to Eureka, where they
have since resided.
In the spring of 1876, Fjeld
returned to Lehi alone, where
he spent the remainder of his
days.
376
HISTORY OF LEHI.
He again became active in
church work, to which he was
very much devoted. He was
one of the active deacons and a
faithful Sunday School teacher.
Among 'the Scandinavians he
was a great favorite, taking a
prominent part in their meet-
ings, and generally leading the
singing. He died January 8,
1888.
Maren Eline is still living in
Eureka, where she is familiarly
known as Grandma "Fields," and
although she is in her ninety-
second year, she is hale and
hearty. She had eight children,
six of whom reached maturity
as follows:
Anne Susannah (Mrs. John A.
Hansen).
Josephine Amelia (Mrs. Wm.
Montgomery).
Charles Peter.
Heber Sommund.
Sarah Maria (Mrs. Robert
Harrison, deceased).
Daniel (also deceased).
ANNA OLSON FJELD.
Anna Olson Fjeld, the daughter
of Andrew Olson and Christi
Johanson, was born in Oste-
goard, Warmeland, Sweden,
April 17, 1825. Her father was
a tiller of the soil and a highly
respected citizen of the little
community and while the family
did not live in luxury, by thrift
and industry they were able to
secure the common necessities
of life.
As there were no schools in
the country, the children were
deprived the opportunities of
book learning, but instead were
taught to do all things necessary
for their own sustenance and
comfort. In this way Anna was
taught to card, spin, knit, weave,
sew, and make butter and cheese.
At the age of twenty-six she
went to Fredrickstad, Norway,
to weave, and continued this oc-
cupation with occasional visits
home in the winter for eight
ANN OLSON FJELD.
years. The second year of her
stay in Fredrickstad she lived
with the family of Emil Larson,
who were Mormons, and a num-
ber of Mormon elders were also
boarding there. At first she was
very much prejudiced against
BIOGRAPHICAL.
377
this sect but after coming in con-
tact with them and seeing their
manner of living she began an
tamest investigation, with the
result that she was thoroughly
convinced of the truth of the
gospel as taught by the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints, and in October, 1852, she
was baptized by John Johanson.
In speaking of this event she
says: ''I felt very happy in the
knowledge that I had accepted
the everlasting gospel and about
a month after my baptism deter-
mined to go home and tell my
mother and brothers the won-
derful news that the gospel
which Jesus taught had been re-
stored in our day. To my sur-
prise and sorrow my folks be-
came very bitter in their feelings
toward me and even my dear old
mother, who was rather hasty
tempered, threatened to strike
me with a stick for saying my
prayers. My brothers, after try-
ing in vain to convince me that
I was wrong, took me to the
priest but he would have noth-
ing to do with me, so I was taken
to the Provost. The Provost and
I had a long discussion, but as I
had studied the Bible consider-
ably, I was able to defend my-
self on every point. He finally
told me I had better go to the
Mormons, as he was sure that I
was lost. My brother, who was
with me and heard the discus-
sion, wept bitterly,"
In 1860 Anna emigrated to
Utah in the same company as
Carl J. E. Fjeld, whom she after-
ward married. She came to Lehi
in 1862 and immediately com-
menced weaving for a livelihood.
Times were hard and the people
were poor, but clothing being
one of the absolute necessities,
she was able to get sufficient em-
ployment to maintain herself and
only son without being a burden
to her husband. She was very
devoted to her religion and lived
the life of a true and faithful
Latter-day Saint to the time of
her death, which occurred Au-
gust 5, 1903.
ANDREW FJELD.
Andrew, the youngest child of
Carl J. E. Fjeld and the only
child of Anna Olson Fjeld who
grew to maturity, was born in
Lehi, May 30, 1866. He received
his education in the public
schools of the city, and as a
means of earning a livelihood,
learned the mason trade, at
which he has labored most of the
time.
As a young man, he took an
active part in church work, oc-
cupying the positions of coun-
selor to Michael Vaughan, presi-
dent of the priests' quorum, and
later holding the office of presi-
dent of the quorum with Andrew
Peterson and Walter Webb as
counselors.
In the Y. M. M. I. A. he at
various times held the office of
treasurer, counselor to Abel
378
HISTORY OF LEHI.
John Evans, and president of
the association.
He was a teacher in the Sun-
day School for some time and on
January 9, 1893, became a mem-
ber of the first class to take the
Sunday School course in the B.
Y. University at Provo, which
consisted of five weeks. The fol-
lowing year the course was ex-
tended to twenty weeks, when
he was again called to attend the
University. On his return he in-
troduced the new ideas and
methods into the Sunday School
F.LIZA ANN B. FJELD.
and was called November 18,
1894, to succeed William Yates
as the superintendent of the
school, with James Kirkham and
Joseph S. Broadbent as assist-
ants.
Being called to Australia on a
mission, he was released from
the Sunday School January 9,
1899, and set sail from San Fran-
cisco on the 26th of the month,
landing in Sydney, Australia,
February 19, 1899." He labored
as traveling elder in the New
South Wales Conference for
thirteen months and as president
of the Queensland Conference
until November 28, 1900, when
he was called by President
Lorenzo Snow to preside over
the Australian Mission. In this
capacity he visited all the prin-
cipal cities of Australia and Tas-
mania and was relieved by James
Duckworth, who had come to
preside over the mission, August
4, 1901.
He set sail from Sydney, Aus-
tralia, on the steamship Ventura
August 13, 1901, calling en route
at Auckland, Pago Pago, and
Honolulu, landing in San Fran-
cisco, where he was met by his
wife and her father and mother
September 3, 1901, arriving in
Lehi on the thirteenth of the
month.
He was ordained a president of
seventy in the 68th quorum Sep-
tember 21, 1902, and on the 23rd
of the following November was
set apart as Second Counselor to
Eishop Thomas R. Cutler. Upon
the division of the Lehi Ward
December 20, 1903, he was or-
dained a bishop and set apart to
preside over the First Ward with
BIOGRAPHICAL.
379
Robert John Whipple and
George Schow as counselors,
which position he still holds.
He was a member of the
School Board for one term, is a
member of the Lehi Pioneer
Committee and one of the pro-
moters of the History of Lehi.
On the 19th of February, 1890,
he married Eliza Ann Broadbent,
a daughter of Joseph and Sarah
Dixon Broadbent, born August
17, 1870. When family cares will
permit, she delights in attending
to church duties and for some
years was an active Relief So-
ciety teacher. She is the mother
of nine children, seven of whom
are living, as follows: Virgil
Andrew, Wilford Carl, Leona
Sarah, Edna Amanda, June, Al-
lan Edward, and Velma.
WM. FOTHERINGHAM.
William Fotheringham, a pa-
triarch and a veteran elder in
the Church, was born April 5,
1826, at Clackmannan, Scotland,
the son of John Fotheringham
and Charlotte Gentle. He was
baptized in the fall of 1847 by
Elder John Sharp, ordained a
teacher March 19, 1848, by Elder
William Gibson; ordained a
seventy in the winter of 1849-
1850, by Joseph Young; or-
dained a high priest December
3, 1870, by Jehu Blackburn; or-
dained a bishop, in 1877, by
Apostle Erastus Snow, to act as
bishop's agent in Beaver stake;
and ordained a patriarch Janu-
ary 22, 1905, by Francis M. Ly-
man.
He was one of the first set-
tlers of Lehi, Utah County, lo-
cating there in 1850, and in the
spring of 1852 he accompanied
President Brigham Young on an
exploring tour through Utah,
Juab, Sanpete, Millard, Beaver,
and Iron Counties. In 1852-1855
he filled a mission to India, dur-
ing which time he traveled more
extensively than any other elder
who has ever performed mis-
sionary labor for the church in
that country. He traveled 2,200
miles in a bullock wagon, and
went as far inland as the Hima-
laya mountains. In the prov-
ince of Orissa he resided six
months close to the Temple of
Juggernaut. After his return to
Utah he accompanied President
Brigham Young on an exploring
expedition to Salmon River
(now in Idaho), and the follow-
ing winter participated in the
Echo Canyon campaign.
In the spring of 1861 he left
Salt Lake City for his second
mission, this time to South Af-
rica. In crossing the plains he
assisted Captain Ira Eldredge
in taking charge of fifty wagons
to the Missouri River, and was
ninety-nine days making the
voyage from London, England,
to Capetown, South Africa. He
presided over the mission until
1864, when he returned to Utah.
At the Missouri River he as-
sisted in the immigration of the
Saints and acted as assistant
380
HISTORY OF LEHI.
captain to Warren S. Snow in
leading the last company of the
season (84 wagons) to Zion.
The trip was a severe one, as
nearly all the teamsters were
inexperienced in handling oxen.
Since Elder Fotheringham
became a member of the church,
he has proven to be true an 1
faithful to the cause of Christ.
Over forty years of his life he
spent as a zealous Sunday
School worker, with the excep-
tion of a few months, being Sun-
day School superintendent forty
years. He labored considerably
as a home missionary, and iV'ed
a mission to the St. George
Temple from the Beaver Stake
as an ordinance worker for four
years, and in addition acted a>
a member of the high council,
and as first counselor in the
presidency of the Beaver stake.
Of civil offices he has held
quite a number, having acted as
alderman of Lehi City, mayor
of Beaver City, probate clerk of
Beaver County for sixteen years,
a justice of the peace of Beaver
precinct, and has been a member
of the Utah Territorial Legisla-
ture from Beaver and adjacent
counties. In his youth he
learned the trade of ship carpen-
ter, and after his arrival in Utah
he helped to build the old tith-
ing office in Salt Lake City, to-
gether with other buildings.
He married his first wife in
April, 1856, a second wife May
25, 1857, and a third wife Oc-
tober 10, 1865. By these three
wives he has had thirty children,
eighteen sons and twelve daugh-
ters. Elder Fotheringham de-
parted this life on February 27,
1913, having proved himself
staunch and true to his God, to
his family, to his friends, and
left behind memories worthy to
cherish.
JAMES H. GARDNER.
One of the chief reasons why
Utah has today so many men
of initiative and ability to lead
is that by force of circumstances
they were early thrown on their
own resources and compelled by
an unkind fortune to develop
that supremely valuable quality
— self-reliance. Responsibility
is an effective teacher and the
responsibility of shifting for
one's self quickly brings into
being any valuable attributes of
character hitherto lurking un-
der the surface.
When James Hamilton Gard-
ner was born, on July 27, 1859,
at Mill Creek, Salt Lake Coun-
ty, Utah, he was thrown into
conditions which, while seem-
ingly hard, were only those
common to the times, and
which have been so productive
of the best types of Utah man-
hood. His father, Archibald
Gardner, a pioneer of 1847, and
that time Bishop of the West
Jordan Ward, was that kind of
man Brigham Young liked to
have around him — a natural
leader of men, resourceful, en-
BIOGRAPHICAL.
381
ergetic, able to cope with new
conditions, and a developer of
new enterprises. His work left
him little time to spend with his
children, so that James H. was
compelled to depend largely up-
on himself, living alternately
with his mother, Sarah Ham-
ilton Gardner, and his grand-
father, James L. Hamilton.
Like most others of that pe-
riod, he had little opportunity
for education, his entire school
life consisting of six winters in
the grades. The rest of the time
was spent working on the farm
and, when he had reached young
manhood, in the lumber camps.
In 1880, when James H. was
21 years old, he accepted a call
for a mission to Hawaii. Here
in the "garden spot of the
world" he spent the next three
and one-half years, and here it
was also that perhaps the turn-
ing point of his life occurred.
Arriving on the island just when
the sugar boiler on the church
plantation was about to return
home, he was assigned to work
in the cane sugar mill, much to
his regret — then. While here
he became a thorough master
of the art of boiling sugar, al -
though most of his time was
spent in traveling among the
natives.
In 1884 he returned to Utah
and again took up his work on
the farm, obtaining employment
wherever possible. On October
15, 1886, he was married to
Rhoda Priscilla Huffaker. From
this union have come nine chil-
dren, four boys and five girls.
Shortly after their marriage,
James H. and his wife decided
to take advantage of the avail-
able government lands in Idaho,
so leaving their old home in
Utah, they homesteaded a quar-
ter section of land at Willow
Creek (now Elva), near Idaho
Falls. The struggle to subdue
this new country was a severe
one, requiring to its fullest the
pioneer spirit of perseverance
and determination. He had no
ii' ore than brought the land into
some stage of cultivation than
other events occurred which al-
tered the course of his life com-
pletely.
In 1890 the Lehi sugar fac-
tory was built and immediately
there arose the necessity of ob-
taining workmen to run it, and
especially men of some experi-
ence in the industry. Among
other applications received was
one from James H. Gardner of
Idaho, who stated that he had
previously boiled sugar in Ha-
waii. He was at once told to
l sport at Lehi, a summons
which he glady followed, and
'during the first campaign was
one of the sugar boilers. In
1892 he moved his family to
Lehi, where they have since re-
sided.
From its beginning until the
present, James H. Gardner has
been a faithful employee of the
Utah Sugar Company. After the
first campaign, he was made
382
HISTORY OF LEHI.
night foreman and, in a few-
years, general foreman. Finally,
when Hy A. Vallez resigned
fiom the position, he was desig-
nated superintendent of the
Lehi factory. Since that time
he has received still another
promotion, having been made
General Consulting Superin
tendent. He still holds this po-
sition and in addition is a mem-
ber of the Technical Board
which controls the operation of
the plants. His record as a
sugar maker is an enviable one.
His long experience, his ability
to handle men, his excellent
judgment have won him not
only the confidence of the sugar
company which employs him,
but also a professional reputa-
tion in other states — a reputa-
tion which has brought him sev-
eral lucrative offers from other
companies in various parts of
the United States. But he has
preferred to remain in his na-
tive Commonwealth.
Since his residence in Lehi,
James H. has given a large part
of his time and talents to the
work of public service. Inter-
ested in the development and
betterment of the city, he has
endeavored to aid every worthy
movement to the extent of his
power. He has served the peo-
ple in the City Council one term
and also as a Commissioner of
Utah County. Profoundly inter-
ested in education, he was at
one time a member of the
School Board and has ever been
an earnest supporter of Lehi's
schools. He was one of the
prime movers in the organiza-
tion of the Commercial Club
and has since been its president.
His public work has also taken
the form of helping to establish
new enterprises in Lehi. His
first venture in this line was
that of a director in the Lehi
Mercantile Company ■ — now
closed. He was also one of the
originators of the Lehi Roller
Mills and the State Bank of
Lehi, being still a director of
the latter institution and of the
Bank of American Fork. Of
late years he has developed a
large section of land west of the
Jordan River, in dry-farming,
fruit-raising, and stock-raising.
In 1903, when the Lehi Ward
was divided, James H. Gardner
was chosen Bishop of the Sec-
ond Ward, a position which he
still holds.
H. G.
RHODA P. H. GARDNER.
Simpson D. Huffaker was a
pioneer of 1847 who lived with
his wife, Rhoda P. Barnum, in
South Cottonwood, Salt Lake
County. To them was born De-
cember 30, 1865, a daughter,
whom they named Rhoda Pris-
cilla. Her mother soon dying,
Rhoda was given to the care
of Lauretta Palmer Barnum, her
grandmother. With this good
woman she spent her girlhood
and young womanhood in Peoa,
BIOGRAPHICAL.
383
Summit County, Utah. Here
she received a common school
education and later worked a
number of years in the Peoa
Co-op.
On October 15, 1886, Rhoda
was married to James H. Gard-
RHODA P. H. GARDNER.
ner in Logan. For one year
they made their home in Salt
Lake County and then braved a
new country in Idaho. With her
husband she helped to bring un-
der cultivation the quarter sec-
tion of government land upon
which he had filed, undergoing
all the hardships and inconven-
iences incident to a pioneer
country.
In 1892 the family moved to
Lehi, which has since been their
home. Mrs. Gardner has here
reared a family of nine children,
which alone is sufficient to show
that her life has been a busy one.
But outside of her family
cares she has found time to par-
ticipate in the various activities
of her sex. In Idaho she was
secretary of the Relief Society
and first counselor in the
Young Ladies' Mutual Improve-
ment Association. When the
Lehi Second Ward was formed,
she was made second counselor
in the Relief Society, a position
she still holds.
H. G.
WILLIAM GOATES.
William Goates, born at Wim-
pole, Cambridgeshire, England,
May 11, 1817, was the son of
James Goates and Ann Dockery.
He spent his boyhood days
working with his father, who
was a professional gardener. The
beauties of nature soon appealed
to him, and he loved the trees
and flowers and soon became an
expert in their care and cultiva-
tion. He was baptized and con-
firmed a member of the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints December, 1840, by Elder
William Pierce and was sent the
same day to Cambridge to
preach. By his undaunted faith
and zealous labors he was suc-
cessful in establishing the first
branch of the church at Cam-
bridge, under the direction of
384
HISTORY OF LEHI.
the Bedford conference presi-
dent, over which he was ap-
pointed to preside. Through his
earnest labors and untiring ef-
forts, Cambridgeshire afterwards
became a conference.
In 1840 he married Susan Lar-
kin, a daughter of Thomas Lar-
kin and Ann Rayner. They al-
ways made their home a home
for the elders; and bade them
welcome there. He emigrated
to Utah, sailing from Liverpool,
England, Tuesday, February 10,
1852, with his wife and three chil-
dren in the ship "Ellen Maria,"
with a company of 369 Saints.
After eight weeks at sea they
arrived at New Orleans. They
then went to Saint Louis en
route to Utah, crossing the
plains in Captain A. O. Smoot's
company of 31 wagons, and ar-
riving in Salt Lake City Septem-
ber 3, 1852. About two weeks
later he settled in Lehi with his
family, consisting of his wife,
Susan, and daughters, Sarah Ann,
Martha, and son Joseph W., his
daughter Mary having died be-
fore they left their home in Eng-
land. In April, 1857, he mar-
ried a plural wife, Rebecca Pil-
grim, daughter of Samuel Pil •
grim and Betsy Coote, a sur-
vivor of Captain Willie's hand
cart company of 1856.
His early life in Lehi was a
struggle with the sterile soil. He
acquired land by homestead and
purchase and his busy hands be-
gan to build and to cultivate. He
became extensively engaged in
farming and stock raising, and
was one of the first to import
bees into Lehi. Hereafter he
was long engaged in the bee and-
honey industry. He loved the
flowers and trees and was the
pioneer floriculturist and nurs-
eryman of the town, his trees
and flowers being shipped to
many parts of the country.
The industrial matters of
the people always interested him
and he was an ardent advocate
of their enterprises, helping and
encouraging them whenever he
found an opportunity to assist.
In 1867 he wife, Susan, died, and
was buried in Lehi. She had
stood faithfully by him in all the
trials of pioneer life, encourag-
ing and helping him in all that
he undertook to do. She never
complained, but was his source
of comfort and encouragement,
and contributed much to his suc-
cess. "He was a man of un-
blemished character. His sterling
honesty was proverbial, his faith
immovable and his self-control
truly astonishing."
He was always active and
faithful in church matters, and
honorably filled the positions
mentioned below: President of
the first elders' quorum in Lehi;
he was ordained a high priest
and set apart as first counselor
to Bishop Evans April 4, 1877,
and was afterwards appointed to
preside over the Lehi branch of
the high priests' quorum in the
Utah Stake of Zion. He was
elected City Councilman of Lehi
BIOGRAPHICAL.
385
City February 8, 1875, and served
during the years 1875-1876. He
was a public-spirited man and
passed cheerfully through all the
hardships and privations of the
early settlers. He was a builder
in very deed, his busy hands
leaving many traces of their
work both on the farm, in the
garden, and in the orchard.
He did special guard duty
against the depredations of the
Indians, helped build the "Old
Fort Wall," and assisted in the
early irrigation projects and
road building.
His unflinching devotion to
that which he believed to be
right and just won for him a
host of friends who were always
welcomed to his home. Here he
spent his declining years en-
gaged in the life-loved work of
his boyhood days, enjoying the
labor of his own hands in his
well cultivated garden of flowers
and trees. He died Wednesday
at 5:50 p. m., October 23, 1895,
of general debility. Beloved by
all, he passed to the world be-
yond with the honors of a busy,
well spent life upon him.
He was the father of the fol-
lowing children: Mary, Sarah
Ann, Martha, Joseph W., James
T., John, William, and George
H. His descendants number 408
souls. George A. Goates
REBECCA PILGRIM GOATES.
Rebecca Pilgrim Goates, daugh-
ter of Samuel Pilgrim and Betsy
Coote, was born at William
Read's Farm, Madingly Road,
Jiles Parish, Cambridge, Eng-
land, January 1, 1826.
When she was sixteen years
of age her father died, leaving
her mother with eight children.
Being the oldest girl, she aided
very materially in supporting
the family.
In 1853 she joined the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints. This brought upon her
much opposition from her fam-
ily and friends, but she was un-
daunted and fearless in her con-
victions and though persecuted
and scorned, she remained faith-
ful and true. In 1856 on the
fourth day of May, she left her
native home and friends and
emigrated to Utah, sailing on
the ship "Thornton" with a com-
pany in care of Elder Levi Sav-
age, arriving at New York June
14, 1856.
She joined Captain James G.
Willie's hand cart company,
numbering about five hundred,
which left Iowa City July 15,
1856, with 120 hand carts and six
wagons. She pulled a hand cart
1.400 miles through valleys and
over the plains and mountains.
The terrible privations of her
company and the sufferings they
endured during the trip are a
matter of record.
A recital of the sad story of
the hand cart company disaster
always filled her heart with pride
and thanksgiving at the thoughts
386
HISTORY OF LEHI.
that she had passed through such
hardships for the cause which
she embraced and loved so
much. She arrived at Salt Lake
City, November 9, 1856, after
great suffering from scarcity of
provisions, cold, and over exer-
tion in the mountains, many of
the company having perished
during the trip. She remained
in Salt Lake City about one
week and then came to Lehi.
In April, 1857, she married
William Goates. The remainder
of her life was lovingly devoted
to assisting him in all he under-
took to do. She took the place
of a mother and cared for his
motherless children; she was de-
voted and faithful, and although
she never became a mother, she
was indeed a mother to the
motherless. She was kind, sym-
pathetic and generous, always
ready to aid those in need, and
was ever busy looking after the
welfare of others. She possessed
a remarkably strong constitu-
tion, which took considerable
time to wear away, but was
finally called to a well earned
rest, after having been confined
to her bed two weeks, suffering
of general debility. She passed
peacefully to the Great Beyond,
at 12:30 a. m., April 18, 1909.
Her honored career was closed
m full faith and fellowship in
the cause for which she so long
had suffered, at the age of 83
years, 3 months, and 17 days.
George A. Goates.
ISAAC GOODWIN.
Isaac Goodwin, a descendant
of Ozias Goodwin, who came to
America from England and set
tied in Connecticut in 1632, was
born June 18, 1810, in New Hart-
ford, Litchfield County, Con-
necticut. He married Laura
Hotchkiss February 2, 1833,
from which union seven children
were born, four boys and three
girls: Isaac, Lewis, Edwin A.,
Albert S., Emmerett E. (Goons),
Nancy (Evans), and Lucinda
(Bushman).
Isaac Goodwin and family em-
braced the faith of the Latter-
day Saints in the year 1844. Two
years later in company with
other Saints they concluded to
go west and took passage at
New York on the sailing vessel
"Brooklyn," her destination be-
ing California. Leaving New
York on February 4, 1846, they
sailed around Cape Horn at the
southern extremity of South
America, which point they passed
in the latter part of April, finally
landing at San Francisco on
July 24, 1846, the voyage con-
suming a little less than six
months.
At the beginning of the voy-
age, Mrs. Goodwin met with an
accident and being in delicate
health, never recovered from the
shock, passing away on May 6,
1846, shortly after the ship had
rounded Cape Horn. She was
buried on Goat Island, one of
the Juan Fernandes Group,
BIOGRAPHICAL.
387
(Robinson Crusoe's famed is-
lands).
Isaac Goodwin and children
lived for some time at San Fran-
cisco and later moved to San
Bernardino, where he met and
married on December 22, 1855,
Mary Cox of New Haven, Eng-
land, who received the gospel on
January 10, 1850, and emigrated
to America, coming overland to
Utah with Charles C. Rich's
company and then going on to
California. No children were
born of this union. Mary Cox
Gooflwin died December 13, 1898,
at Lehi, Utah.
After living at San Bernardino
for several years, they decided
to move to Utah, traveling the
southern route, making a short
stay in "Dixie," also in one or
two other places, and finally set-
tling in Lehi in 1859.
Isaac Goodwin was the first to
introduce alfalfa (lucern) in
Utah, the hay from which has
been such an important factor in
the agriculture of this State.
He was elected mayor of Lehi
City on February 13, 1865; was
appointed mayor on October 31,
1874, to fill the vacancy made by
William H. Winn, who resigned;
was again elected mayor on Feb-
ruary 8, 1875; and filled the office
with honor and fidelity on each
occasion.
He held many other positions
of trust, both secular and relig-
ious. In 1872 he went on a mis-
sion to the Eastern States. Isaac
Goodwin died April 25, 1879, at
Lehi, Utah.
Samuel I. Goodwin.
ISAAC H. GOODWIN.
Isaac H. Goodwin was born
August 25, 1834, at New Haven,
Connecticut. He died at Thur-
ISAAC H. GOODWIN.
ber, Wayne County, Utah, April
6, 1891, a faithful member of the
L. D. S. Church. He is survived
by his wife and four sons and
many grandchildren, in addition
to two great-grandsons. He
moved to Smithfield, Cache Val-
ley, in 1862, and was a pioneer
there for fourteen years. He
then moved south to Escalante
in 1876, again a pioneer. The
388
HISTORY OF LEHI.
next move was to Thurber in
1883, where he died in 1891. He
was a good frontiersman, build-
ing his own houses, and working
his own farm and garden.
BETSY SMITH GOODWIN.
Betsy Smith Goodwin was
born on March 7, 1843, at Dun-
dee, Scotland, the daughter of
Alexander Nichol Smith and
May McEwan Smith. She emi-
grated with her widowed mother
and family in 1856, crossing the
plains with J. G. Willie's hand
cart company. Robert Angus
Bain, also a Lehi pioneer, son
and brother, met the family at
Green river, and brought them
to Lehi, arriving November 11.
In Lehi they received kindness
and sympathy from Bishop
ICvans and the good people of
the city. Betsy married Isaac
H. Goodwin, eldest son
R. and Laura Hotchkiss Good-
win, on December 1, 1X59. Nine
children, seven sons and two
• laughters, blessed their home.
She was president of the Relief
Society eight years.
JAMES GOUGH.
James Gough was born Jan-
uary 14, 1840, in Clifford,
Herefordshire, England. He was
the second child and oldest son
of James Gough and Ellenor
Jones Gough. When he was sev-
en years old, his parents moved
to Monmouthshire, Wales.
He was baptized a member of
the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints November 19,
1857, by Thomas Morgan and
confirmed by David Howells. He
was ordained to all the offices in
the Aaronic priesthood and later
sent out as a traveling elder,
which lasted for one year and
seven months, after which he
JAMES GOUCH.
was called to preside over the
Bryn Mawr Branch. Mr. Gough
left Wales for Utah April 26,
1862, and was five weeks and
three days on the sea. He
walked all the way from Flor-
ence across the plains to Salt
Lake City in Captain Harmon's
company, where he arrived Oc-
tober 4, 1862, taking six months
BIOGRAPHICAL.
389
to make the journey. He was
met in Salt Lake City a few
days after his arrival by his old
friend Joseph J. H. Colledge,
who had presided over the con-
ference in which Gough had la-
bored as traveling elder. With
his old friend he came to Lehi.
On October 17, 1863, he mar-
ried Charlotte Crocket, to whom
he had been engaged in England.
She came to Utah in October,
1863. They have lived in Lehi
continuously, Mr. Gough work-
ing in the mines, on the railroad,
and at farming.
Mr. Gough's public work has
been in the church, to which he
has always been very devoted.
At the time of his departure for
Utah, a number of the Saints of
the branch over which he pre-
sided also emigrated to Zion.
These looked to him as their
leader during the entire journey.
Since coming to Utah, he has
held the positions of seventy and
high priest. He has been a Sun-
day School teacher almost all
the time and also a block teach-
er, which position he still holds.
Mr. Gough moved "over the
creek" in 1868, being the first
one to locate in that district and
has been one of the main pillars
of the church in this part of the
community.
Williams Crocket and was born
April 25, 1840, in Victoria, Mon-
mouthshire, Wales. She joined
the church in 1857. She is the
mother of eleven children, as fol-
lows: Mary Ann (Mrs. Soren
Sorensen), Lavina (Mrs. Moroni
Thayne), James Charles, Ellen
(Mrs. James Carter), William,
Richard, Harriett (Mrs. Thomas
CHARLOTTE C. GOUGH.
Taylor), Samuel, Thomas
Ephraim, Charlotte (Mrs. Wil-
liam Hadfield), and Robert.
CHARLOTTE CROCKET
GOUGH.
Charlotte C. Gough was the
daughter of William and Ann
WILLIAM GURNEY.
William Gurney was born in
Bedfordshire, England, August
8, 1834, the son of John and
390
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Mary Bales Gurney. His mother
died when he was ten years of
age. He was then taken care of
by a loving sister. At the age of
fifteen he first heard the gospel
of Jesus Christ and soon accept-
ed the same and was baptized
March 1, 1853, by Daniel
Mathews.
He emigrated from England
April 8, 1854, on the ship
"Marshfield," landing at Xew
Orleans May 28, 1854, and con-
tinuing his journey up the Mis-
sissippi River to St. Louis. There
was much sickness among the
Saints, which caused consider-
able dela}', but he finally reached
Salt Lake City October 22, 1854,
where he remained for some
time.
He came to Lehi in the spring
of 1855. After remaining in
Lehi about four years, he be-
came acquainted with Miss Julia
Jeans, whom he married, and to
them were born eleven children
to gladden their home.
He was a valiant worker in
the cause of truth, at all times
laboring in the Sabbath School
from its earliest organization
until the time of his death. He
worked in connection with Wil-
liam Yates in the acting teach-
ers' quorum for many years, and
was its president at the time of
his death; he was also one of the
senior presidents of the Sixty-
eighth quorum of seventies,
where he gained the love and re-
spect of his brethren.
He died March 25, 1905, after
a long and useful life.
He was the husband of three
wives; and the father of nineteen
children. He has in the year
1913, 67 living descendants: 11
children, 44 grandchildren, 14
great-grandchildren; 8 children,
10 grandchildren, and 4 great-
grandchildren having passed to
the Great Beyond.
WILLIAM HADFIELD.
William Hadfield, second son
and third child of Samuel Had
field and Alice Baker, was born
at Provo, Utah, June 3, 1880.
where he resided until 1889. Be-
ing left an orphan, he came to
WILLIAM HADFIELD.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
391
live in Lehi in December, 1889,
with T. R. Jones. He was bap-
tized in 1890 by A. M. Fox, or-
dained a deacon by W. W.
Clark, and ordained an elder by
Edward Southwick in June, 1902.
He filled a mission to the East-
ern States from October, 1902,
to December, 1904, and was
president of the New York con-
ference for five months. He was
superintendent of the Third
Ward Sunday School from 1904
to 1910, when he was chosen
second counselor in the Bishop-
ric of Lehi Third Ward. He
was ordained a seventy by J. G.
Kimball in 1906. He married
Charlotte Gough June 28, 1905,
in the Salt Lake Temple. Mr.
Hadfield was the first and only
Mormon to represent Utah at
the national convention of mail
carriers September 16 to 19, 1913,
at Evansville, Indiana.
HANS HAMMER.
Hans Hammer was born in
Bornholm, Denmark, October 11,
1829, and is the son of Hans and
Ane Anderson Hammer. He
grew to manhood in his native
place and there received his ed-
ucation and was married.
In 1853 he became converted
to the teachings of the Mormon
Church and with his family emi-
grated to America, reaching Salt
Lake City in 1854, and there
made his home for the next five
years, working part of the time
on the Temple and doing any-
thing he could find to make a
living for himself and family.
He moved to Lehi in 1858, ■tak-
ing up a farm and has since
made this place his home.
For a number of years he was
engaged in peddling, mostly
among the soldiers; he also con-
ducted a small store for a time.
In 1871 he commenced the
livery business, being the pio-
neer livery man of Lehi. He
also went into the hotel business
on a small scale, all of which lie
conducted with success. The
livery business has continued to
grow from year to year, and at
present it is the leading livery
stable of the town.
Mr. Hammer was married in
his native land in 1853 to Miss
Julanc Marie Reese, who bore
him eight children, three of
whom are now living — George,
Margaret (Mrs. Edward F. Cox),
and Aldora (Mrs. Henry Ash-
ton). The mother of these chil-
dren died March 28, 1867, and
on the 26th of the following Oc-
tober Mr. Hammer married Miss
Anne Christine Orego, by whom
he had seven children of whom
Joseph is the only one living.
Mr. Hammer was an indus-
trious citizen and in common
with the pioneers of Lehi passed
through the hard times of early
days and lived to become a thriv-
ing business man of the com-
munity. .He died September 15,
1905.
392
HISTORY OF LEHI.
ANNE CHRISTINE OREGO
HAMMER.
Mrs. Hammer, the wife of
Hans Hammer, was born Au-
gust 6, 1839, in Puerdal, Den-
mark. Her parents, Christian
Larsen Orego and Marie Peter-
sen, were farmer folk living on
the shore of the North Sea. At
the age of six she lost her father.
On the 17th of January, 1864,
AXXA C. 0. HAMMER.
she was baptized a member of
the Mormon Church, two years
later emigrating to America, ar-
riving in Utah September, 1866.
Mrs. Hammer was a young
woman of twenty-seven years of
age when she crossed the plains
and she walked the entire dis-
tance from Omaha City to West
Weber, where she stayed for six
months with William Cluff. Dur-
ing the summer of 1867 she was
working in Salt Lake City for a
family of Jews. While here some
of her friends in Lehi prevailed
on Mr. Hammer, who was a
widower, to call on her, which
he did with the result that she
was persuaded to make Lehi her
future home, being married to
Mr. Hammer October 26, 1867.
At this time Mr. Hammer had
a family of small children, times
were hard and pioneer condi-
tions prevailed, yet the subject
of our sketch set bravely to
work to make conditions better
and help her husband rear his
family. In time seven children
blessed this union, but sad to re-
late only one is now living,
Joseph, who with George, the
son of the first wife, is conduct-
ing the business left them by
their father.
Mrs.. Hammer has ever been
an industrious and faithful wife
and mother, a good neighbor,
and a devoted Latter-day Saint.
For thirty-two years she has
been an active Relief Society
teacher and is still engaged in
the work.
JENS N. HOLM AND FAMILY.
In Arnager, a small fisher-
men''; village five miles from the
city of Ronne on the Island of
Bornholm, Denmark, were born
BIOGRAPHICAL.
393
Jens Neilson Holm and his wife,
Margaret Christina Ipson Holm.
They were married April 30,
1842. To this union was given
one daughter, Margaret Chris-
tina, born September 5, 1843.
They joined the Church o*f Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints Feb-
ruary 4, 1854, emigrating to Utah
in 1857. Nine weeks and three
days were spent on the ocean
voyage and fourteen weeks in
crossing the plains from Omaha
to Salt Lake City, arriving in
Utah September 13, 1857. The
hand cart company of which
they were members paralleled,
in their travels, the advance
wagons of Johnston's Army.
Father Holm and family spent
the first winter in Brigham City.
In the spring of 1858 he was
called south. Upon reaching
Payson he was ordered back, lo-
cating in Lehi July 4, 1858. Here
the members of this family made
their home continuously up to
the time of their death.
Jens Neilson Holm was born
March 23, 1818, and died in Lehi
April 22, 1908, at the age of 90
years and one month.
Margaret Christina Ipson
Holm was born August 14, 1817,
and died in Lehi January 28;
1896, at the age of 78 years, 5
months, and 14 days.
Margaret Christina Holm
Evans was born September 5,
1843. She was married to Bishop
David Evans May 4. 1861. She
became the mother of six chil-
dren, one son and five daughters.
Her children are John Holm,
died in infancy; Margaret Chris-
tine (Mrs. James J. Turner),
MARGARET C. HOLM EVANS.
Jane (Mrs. Richard W. Brad-
shaw), Hannah (Mrs. Andrew
B. Anderson), Rachel (Mrs.
John W. Wing. Jr.). Clara (Mrs.
Joseph Goates, Jr.)
She died June 17, 1898, at the
age of 54 years, 10 months, and
12 days.
M. W. INGALLS.
Merrell Whittier Ingalls was
born in the state of Maine, and
removed to the state of Illinois
when a small boy and to Cali-
394
HISTORY OF LEHI.
fornia in 1864. He was employed
by his father, who had a con-
tract for the erection of a plant
for the California Beet Sugar
Company at Alvarado, Califor-
nia, in the year 1869. This plant
was the first beet sugar factory
in America, but was a few years
later moved to Soquel, near
Santa Cruz, California, where
M. W. INGALLS.
the writer with his brother was
sub-contractor on part of the
work. lie then followed sur-
veying and was also on the en-
gineering corps, surveying pro-
posed routes for pipe lines to
supply San Francisco with
water.
In 1879 he removed machinery
from the factory in Sacramento,
California, to Alvarado, for the
Standard Sugar Company. He
was employed by this company
for six 4 or eight years, first as
mechanic and then as master
mechanic and Chief Engineer.
On account of ill health, he went
to Arizona and installed an elec-
tric light plant in the peniten-
tiary at Yuma, then operated a
lumber mill and electric light
plant at Portland, Oregon.
Coming to Utah in 1891 as
master mechanic for the com-
pany which was building a fac-
tory for the Utah Sugar Com-
pany, he made a one year's con-
tract with them. Then he made
a three year's contract with the
Utah Sugar Company, and has
been with the Utah-Idaho Sugar
Company, their successors, up
to the present time, from 1902 to
1907 as Chief Engineer of all
plants connected with Utah-Ida-
ho sugar Company, and from
that time until the present as
Consulting Engineer with the
Technical Board. In the year
1901 the farmers that were rais-
ing beets in Salt Lake County
would not raise them to the ex-
tent desired by the sugar com-
pany, on account of shortage of
water, so in company with James
H. Gardner, he contracted for
and installed a pumping plant at
the mouth of the Jordan River
for the different canal com-
panies.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
395
MARY JOYNSON JACKSON.
Mary J. Jackson, a daughter
of Thomas and Mary Clay Joyn-
son, was born August 30, 1819,
in Barra, Cheshire, England.
Her parents were farmer folk,
so she grew up surrounded by
the scenes of country life. Her
opportunities being limited, her
education was very meagre, al-
though she was able to read.
In 1836 she married John
Jackson, a young man of almost
her own age. He was born
March 17. 1819, in her native vil-
lage. His father. John Jackson,
was a street paver, while John,
Jr., became a carpenter.
In 1841 this young couple
joined the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints, be-
ing among the first to accept the
gospel in England. For twenty-
seven years Mr. Jackson and
wife kept open house for the
Mormon elders and many there
wire who came and went as the
years rolled by.
One June 4, 1868, John and
Mary and seven children emi-
grated to America, leaving their
two older sons, who were mar-
ried, in England. They crossed
the ocean on the sailing vessel
"John Bright," landing in New
York July 13. 1868: crossed the
plains in Captain John R. Mur-
dochs company and arrived in
Salt Lake City, Utah, August 30,
1868. Bishop Evans of Lehi,
who was present when the com-
pany arrived, made enquiry con-
cerning tradesmen and on learn-
ing that Mr. Jackson was a car-
penter, asked permission of Pre-
siding Bishop Hunter, who had
charge of the immigration busi-
ness, if he might take him to
MARY T. JACKSON.
Lehi. Bishop Hunter replied in
his characteristic way, "Yes, yes,
take him along, lock, stock, and
barrel," and that is how it hap-
pened that the family came to
Lehi.
The names of the children who
came at this time were: Enos,
Hyrum. Joseph, Mary Rebecca
(Mrs. Moroni Holt), Daniel,
Harriett (Mrs. James Brooks),
Sarah (Mrs. Henry Mc'Comie).
Ephraim, and Moses. John and
396
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Henry came to Utah some years
later.
For a number of years Mr.
Jackson followed the carpenter
trade, but the change in climate
seemed to break his health. Like
all pioneers, he had to turn his
hand to various occupations
among which was cutting and
hauling cedar posts to Salt Lake
City. On the 5th of January,
1870, while returning from Salt
Lake City, where he had been
with a load of posts, he was acci-
dentally thrown from the wagon
by the dropping of the wheel in
a hole in the road and in falling,
his head was caught in the wheel
and his neck broken. About two
years later, the widow married
John Shaw, with whom she lived
until the time of his death, which
occurred in 1881.
Mother Jackson, as she was
familiarly known, lived to a ripe
old age, loved and respected by
all who knew her for her happy,
cheerful disposition. She died
December 21, 1906.
JOHX JOHNSON.
John Johnson was one of the
very early pioneers and promi-
nent citizens "over the creek."
A native of Warceland, Sweden,
he was born December 15. 1821,
and with his wife and four chil-
dren emigrated to Utah in 1862.
He joined the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints in
Norway, where he lived for a
number of years, being baptized
by Karl.Dorius, and took an ac-
tive part in missionary work in
the neighborhood where he
lived. On reaching Utah, he
came direct to Lehi, where he
has since made his home. In
1865 his wife Gorinna Torgersen
died, leaving him with the care
of five children, the youngest
having been born in Lehi. Their
names are: Anna (Mrs. George
Beck), Willard, Parley, Charles,
and Melvin.
In 1867 he married Anna An-
derson, a native of Morra, Swe-
den, born 1828. who soon adapt-
ed herself to the pioneer condi-
tions of the Johnson family and
became a kind and affectionate
mother to the children and a de-
voted wife and helpmate to Mr.
Johnson. Besides being a good
housekeeper, she was, an expert
worker in hair, making very
beautiful necklaces, watch chains,
and the like, of this material.
During his residence in Lehi,
Mr. Johnson has followed the
occupation of farming and dur-
ing the latter years of his life
was able to live in comparative
comfort and enjoy the fruits of
his toil and industry.
He died May 5, 1913, survived
by his wife Anna and four sons.
ELLEN W. JONES.
Ellen Williams Jones was
born December 1. 1839, in Slan-
santfraid, Denbigh County,
Wales. She was the daughter
of Emma Fowlks and William
BIOGRAPHICAL.
397
Williams. She was married to
Thomas R. Jones December 28,
1854. She arrived in Lehi in
1861 and lived in a cellar one
winter, then built an adobe house
outside of the fort wall. After
living a number of years there,
they moved to the North Branch.
ELLEX W. JONES.
Mrs. Jones was present at the
first organization of the Relief
Society in Lehi and was called
to act as president of the Lehi
North Branch Relief Society in
1877, serving for thirty-five
years. In addition she was
chosen first counselor of the Pri-
mary Association, and served
about twenty-five years. She was
called to work among the sick
and in laying away the dead, for
which many scores are here to
bless her for her assistance in
time of death and sickness.
THOMAS KARREN.
Thomas Karren was born on
the. Isle of Man, May 1, 1810,
moved to Liverpool, England, in
1830, and joined the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
in 1842. He was ordained an el-
der at Liverpool, emigrated to
Nauvbo, Illinois in 1844, and was
ordained a seventy in the Seventh
quorum at Nauvoo. He joined
the Mormon Battalion in 1846
and was honorably discharged in
1847, landing in Great Salt Lake
Valley July 23 of the'same year.
He went back to Council
Bluffs and returned to Utah
with his family in 1850. In
1852 he was called to the Sand-
wich Islands upon a mission,
where he was associated with
George Q. Cannon and others.
He returned to Lehi in 1855.
Later he was ordained first
counselor to Bishop Evans,
which position he retained to
the day of his death. For two
years before his death • he suf-
fered extremely.
He was a faithful Latter-day
Saint, highly esteemed by all
who knew him. Throughout all
his affliction he did not com-
plain but resigned himself to
the will of God. He left three
wives and thirteen children liv
ing to mourn his loss.
398
HISTORY OF LEHI.
JOHN KARREN.
John Karren was born July 4,
1834, at Liverpool, England. His
father, Thomas Karren, was a
native of the Isle of Man and
his mother's name was Ann Rat-
JOHN KARREN.
ley. The family were converted
to the faith advocated by the
Church of Jesus Christ of Lat-
ter-day Saints and emigrated to
America and cast their lot with
the Mormon people.
The father joined the famous
Mormon Battalion and left the
family to shift for themselves
under very trying circumstances.
After his return, the family
crossed the plains to Utah in
1850 and located at Sulphur
Springs on Dry Creek, being
among the first families to settle
on the site of Lehi.
John grew up amid the rugged
scenes of pioneer life and con-
ditions and took part in many of
the hazardous undertakings of
the early days. He was in the
battle with the Indians during
the Tintic War in 1856 when
Catlin, Cousin, and Winn were
killed. He made a trip back to
the Missouri River after the
Church immigration in 1865 and
was a veteran of the Black-
Hawk Indian war. He died
March 19, 1904.
MARTA LAWRENCE KARREN.
Maria Lawrence Karren, wife
of John Karren, was a daughter
of John and Rhoda Lawrence,
and was born May 24, 1836, in
Toronto, Canada. Her father
died at Winter Quarters in 1846,
and a sister died at about the
same time. The entire family
except Maria were sick and she
was the only one able to render
any aid to the others. The fam-
ily moved to Utah and she was
married to John Karren in 1854.
She was the mother of twelve
children, six of them growing to
maturity. They were: John
Daniel, Edward, Rosabell (Mrs.
John D. Woodhouse), Flora
BIOGRAPHICAL.
399
(Mrs. Heber McNiel, deceased),
William, Josephus, and Katie
MARIA LAWRENCE KARREN.
Maria (Mrs. James H. Dunkley).
Mrs. Karren died August 21,
1904.
GEORGE WILLIAM
KIRKHAM.
George William Kirkham was
born March 18, 1822, in Lon-
don, Surrey, England, and died
at Lehi, Utah, April 24, 1896.
Mary Astington Kirkham was
born July 6, 1824, in Richmond,
Yorkshire, England. She died
at Lehi, Utah, October 27, 1881.
They left their native land
April 11, 1859, and with their
four sons, James, George, Hy-
rum, and Joseph, crossed the
ocean in the sailing vessel.
"William Tabscot." They crossed
the plains in R. F. Neslen's
company, arriving in Salt Lake
City, Thursday, September 15.
MRS. GEORGE WILLIAM KIRKHAM.
1859. They lived in Sugar
House Ward, Salt Lake City,
during the winter of 1859 and
came to Lehi in the spring of
1860, where they spent their
lives in helping to build up our
city, making roads, building
fences, assisting in rearing our
public buildings, and otherwise
passing through the trials of
pioneer life and the hardships of
the early days of Utah.
400
HISTORY OF LEHI.
THORSTEN KNUDSEN.
Thorsten Knudsen was born
February 20, 1835, in Sorknes,
Grue, Soler, ' Norway being
a son of Knud Knudsen
and Tore Gulbrandsen. His
father, who had been a well-to-
do land owner, lost all of his
property in speculations and
when Mr. Knudsen was four
years old his father died and he
was sent to live with an aunt.
THORSTEN KNUDSEN.
When he was 16, his mother
died also. There were ten chil-
dren in the family, and Thorsten
was the youngest. He lived
with his aunt till he was about
12 years old, when he went
home to live with his mother.
After her death, he lived with
various ones to whom he hired
out to work, as the custom was
to hire out for a year.
At the age of 20 he went to
Christiania, the capital of Nor-
way, and four years later he
married Ogene Hergesen, the
orphaned daughter of Hans and
Ingaborg Hergesen.
In 1860 he joined the Mormon
Church, having come in contact
with the elders through the per-
suasions of his affianced. In
1866 he became very ill and as
the doctor advised a change of
climate he decided to emigrate
to America. He shipped from
Hamburg in the sailing vessel
"Humbolt," taking nine weeks
to cross the ocean. He crossed
the plains in Captain Scott's
company, arriving in Salt Lake
City during the October con-
ference.
Mr. Knudsen went to Provo,
where he lived till the 22nd of
December, 1866, when he came
to Lehi and has lived here ever
since. When Knudsen left his
wife in Norway he also left his
son Parley, who was 5 years
old. Two years later through
the death of a child whose fare
had been paid, Parley was
brought to Utah by C. C. A.
Christensen, a returning mis-
sionary. In 1870 Mrs. Knudsen
emigrated to Utah and joined
her husband and son in Lehi.
Three children have been born
to this family since their arrival
BIOGRAPHICAL.
401
in Lehi, but only one, Hyrum,
is livings His home is in Logan.
The wife and mother died No-
vembeV 13, 1910.
In 1871 the Knudsen family
moved to their present home
over the creek, being among the
first to locate in this neighbor-
hood. Mr. Knudsen has lived a
quiet, peaceful life, tilling his
little farm with care and keep-
ing within his means; a good
neighbor, a kind father and a
consistent citizen.
JAMES J. LAMB.
James J. Lamb was born at
Huron, Wayne County, New
York, April 29, 1835. He emi-
grated to Lehi in 1852 and there
married Sarah E. Ross March
21, 1863. He was the father of
ten children.
On March 21, 1866, he en-
listed in the Black Hawk War
and was mustered out of service
July 18, 1866. He also fought
all through the Walker War.
He drove one of the first
teams back to Florence, Ne-
braska, in Joseph W. Young's
company after Mormon immi-
grants who were too poor to
furnish ways for themselves to
come to Utah. While at Flor-
ence, he was chosen to drive to
Utah with George Q. Cannon,
who was just then returning
home- from a mission to Eng-
land. He also went with a com-
pany of volunteers to join an
expedition to go to Salmon
27
River, Idaho, and assist in
bringing the settlers from Fort
Limhi, who were surrounded by
hostile Indians who had killed
some of the white men. This
was one of the hardest trips he
was called to make.
SARAH E. POSS LAMB.
Mr. Lamb was a man of good
character, a trusted citizen, a
good husband and father and
had many friends wherever he
was known.
He was thrown from a load
of lumber and instantly killed,
October 21, 1896, at the age of
61 years, leaving a wife, five
boys, and four girls.
402
HISTORY OF LEHI.
LARS VICTOR LARSON.
Lars Victor Larson, son of
Lars Larson and Stena Katerine
Anderson, was born in Orebro,
Sweden, July 24, 1857. Until 14
years of age he lived on a farm
with his parents, when he was
apprenticed to a shoemaker, re-
LARS VICTOR LARSON.
maining with him for three
years. In August, 1877, he
joined the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints. In
1880, he was ordained an elder
and spent two years in mission-
ary work on the island of Got-
land. In 1882, he emigrated to
Utah, locating in Salt Lake City,
where he was married to Hilda
Cristin Soderlund, by whom he
had nine children, five 'boys and
four girls. He lived in Salt Lake
City but a short time, when he
moved to Lehi, where he has
lived for twenty-five years, en-
gaged in shoemaking with occa-
sional trips in the mountains
prospecting for the precious
metals. He was one of the first
to build a home on what was
known for many years as the
"Big Pasture" south- east of
Lehi, making a garden spot of
what was formerly considered
land too salty for anything but
grazing purposes. Since the
people divided on national party
lines he has been active in poli-
tics, speaking his views on eco-
nomic questions at all times
freely and fearlessly. He is an
industrious and energetic citi-
zen.
HENRY LEWIS.
Henry Lewis, son of Phillip
Lewis and Cathrine Evans
Lewis, was born April 28, 1854,
in Llanelthy, Wales. He was
baptized August 27, 1862, by
Phillip Lewis; confirmed by
James F. Watters August 27,
1862, and labored as a deacon
for many years. He emigrated
to Utah in June, 1871. Here he
was ordained an elder July 22.
1871. He was married to Jane
Sarah Goody June 30, 1873, who
was the daughter of Henry
Goody and Mary Wilshire. and
was born at London. England,
BIOGRAPHICAL.
403
February 15, 1856. They have
had a family of eleven children,
seven sons and four daughters.
Mr. Lewis was appointed act-
ing deacon in the eleventh dis-
trict of Lehi March 1, 1879; was
appointed acting priest in the
third district of Lehi March 6,
1880; was set apart as Sunday
school teacher by Elder William
Yates March 28*, 1880; was set
apart as second counselor to
Lott Russon of the elders' quo-
rum March 16. 1884; was ap-
pointed missionary for the Y.
M .M. I. A. October 28, 1889;
and was ordained a seventy
March 10, 1889, by Elder T. R.
Cutler.
lie went to Great Britain on
a mission on February 24, 1893,
and was there until April 8,
1895. Upon his return he la-
bored with the missionary fund
committee from 1896 to 1909,
and collected thousands of dol-
lars to send to missionaries.
On December 20, 1903, he was
chosen bishop of the Third Ward
of Lehi, and was set apart by
Elder John Henry Smith. He
was one of the Building Com-
mittee of the Lehi Tabernacle
and was appointed treasurer,
and received in cash and mer-
chandise $30,913.39, and paid out
$30,938.61. from 1900 to 1904. a
balance to his credit of $25.22.
He also held many other posi-
tions of trust. He was a mem-
ber of the City Council, a School
Trustee, and helped promote
manv home industries of our
county. He has been a director
in the People's Co-operative In-
stitution for twelve years, and
at present is president of the
North Bench Irrigation Com-
pany.
ABRAHAM LOSEE.
Abraham Losee, one of the
early pioneers of Utah, was born
in Holderman Township, Upper
Canada, September 6, 1814. He
joined the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints at
an early date and was with the
main body of Saints throughout
all their persecutions until their
removal to the Rockv Moun-
MARY F.. LOTT I.OSEE.
404
HISTORY OF LEHI.
tains, being intimately acquaint-
ed with the Prophet Joseph
Smith. In the year 1848, he
drove a team across the plains
for Bishop Whitney, and was
married in the same year, after
reaching Salt Lake City, to
Mary Elizabeth Lott. She also
had been with the Saints in the
East, and had lived with the
Prophet's family and worked
for him when 13 years of age.
After having worked on the
Church farm at Salt Lake City
for two years, he was called to
remove and settle in Utah Val-
ley, by Brigham Young. Bring-
ing his family with him, he
came and lived in what is now
known as Lehi field, for the
fir^t winter in a covered wagon,
having four men boarding with
him. From then until his death
lie remained a citizen of Lehi
and served as a City Council-
man for several years. Having
reared a family of eight, two
boys and six girls, he died Oc-
tober 25, 1887, being 73 years
old. His wife died in May, 1888,
at the age of 60 years. They re-
mained faithful church mem-
bers and progressive citizens
until their death.
PERMELIA DARROW LOTT.
Permelia Darrow Lott, daugh-
ter of Mary Ward and Joseph
Darrow, and granddaughter of
General Ward and Captain Dar-
row of Revolutionary times,
was born at Bridgewater, Sus-
quehanna County, Pennsylvania,
Sunday, December 15, 1805. She
received her education from the
best schools of the times, and
afterward, prior to her mar-
riage, she became a school
teacher, riding horseback twenty
miles to and from her work.
On April 27, 1823, she married
Cornelius P. Lott; and with him
joined the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints in
its infancy, and so suffered the
hardships and persecutions of
being driven from their homes
with the heroes of that epoch.
They were the only members of
their respective families to con-
nect themselves with the Church,
but they have left a large pos-
terity to "rise up and call them
blessed."
Father Lott and family were
very warm friends and associ-
ates of the Smith family, espe-
cially the. Prophet Joseph, as he
had charge of the Church farm
at Nauvoo and also held the
same position in Utah after com-
ing to Salt Lake City with Heber
C. Kimball's company in the au-
tumn .of 1848. Their first home
was where the Auerbach's new
store now stands.
After her husband's death,
which occurred July 6, 1850, she,
with her family, moved to Lehi
in the spring of 1851, where one
daughter, Mrs. Abraham Losee,
had preceded her. Her first
home in Lehi was at the spring
now owned by A. B. Anderson.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
405
She was the mother of eleven
children, five boys and six girls,
all -of whom have been pioneers
in the true sense of the word.
Grandma Lott, as an old lady,
impressed one with her quiet
dignity and sweet unassuming
manners, and all who knew her
loved her. She never sought
publicity of any kind, but was
ever ready with a helping hand
for the sick or needy.
She died January, 1882, as she
had lived, "faithful to her trust,"
at the age of 77 years and 18
days, and was carried to the Salt
Lake cemetery and tenderly laid
to rest by the side of her hus-
band.
Following are the names of
the children and those they mar-
ried: Melissa (Ira Willes), John
S. (Mary Faucet), Mary (Abra-
ham Losse), Almira H. (John
R. Murdock), Jane P. (Abram
Hatch), Alzina L. (William S. S.
Willes), Joseph (died young).
Amanda (died young)", Peter L.
(Sariah Snow), Cornelius (died
young), Benjamin Smith (Mary
A. Evans). All have passed to
the other side except Benjamin
S., the youngest, who will be 65
years old November 16, and is
commonly known as Uncle Ben.
ELIZABETH T.
MOOREHEAD.
Elizabeth T. Moorehead was
born July 31, 1812. Her father
was owner of a large plantation
in North Carolina. Here Eliza-
beth was born and received an
excellent education in the girls'
boarding schools and colleges of
the South.
She moved to Mississippi,
where she married James Mad-
ison Moorehead of Nashville,
Tennessee. In Mississippi they
both heard and received the
gospel and came directly to
Nauvoo. Her husband assisted
in building the Nauvoo temple.
They were driven from Nau-
voo with the Saints, crossed the
Mississippi River, and camped
in a tent, where her husband,
one child, and her brother
Joseph died, victims of exposure.
A child had died at- Nauvoo. She
was now left with three children
and spent the winter in Des
Moines City among strangers
who proved to be kind friends.
In the spring her brother Pres-
ton came and moved her to
Winter Quarters, and later she
moved on again to Council
Bluffs, where a child died.
She and her two children, Ann
and Preston, came across the
plains with her brother. Clai-
borne Thomas, and family and
her nephew, Daniel Thomas, in
Aaron Johnson's Company in
1850.
That fall all settled in Lehi.
The winter of 1851-1852 she and
her brother Preston taught the
Lehi school, he taking the boys,
she the girls.
She was married to Samuel
White, by whom she had one
child. Elizabeth White Merrill.
406
HISTORY OF LEHI.
of Preston, Idaho. All moved
to Cedar Fort, where her son
Preston married Cordelia Smith,
and daughter Ann married Har-
rison Avers Thomas. Both have
reared large families. They
moved to American Fork when
the soldiers located at Camp
Floyd; here they owned a large
farm which contained land
where the old depot stood.
After several years they
moved to Cache Valley and
were among the first settlers of
Smithfield. She was first Relief
Society president of Smithfield.
She died here December 12,
1894. Her son, Preston, was
first counselor in the bishopric
of that ward for over thirty
years. He died in 1896. Her
daughter, Ann. and husband
moved to Preston, Idaho, in
1903, where he died the next
year, a good Latter-day Saint,
loved and respected by all.
SAMUEL MULLINER.
Samuel Mulliner was born in
Headdington, East Lothan,
Scotland, January 15, 1809. He
emigrated to America in 1832,
settling near the city of Toron-
to, in Canada.
lie was baptized by Theodore
Turley, September 10, 1837. The
following spring he moved with
his family to Missouri, and later
settled in Springfield, Illinois,
November 4, 1838. He was or-
dained a teacher March 10, 1839.
On May 6. 1839, he was ordained
an elder, and a seventy, July 16,
1839.
Soon after this, he left his
family and started on a foreign
mission. He and his compan-
ion, Alexander Wright, arrived
at Glasgow December 20, 1839.
The next day they continued
their journey to Edinburgh,
where his parents resided. They
were the first elders to go to
Scotland. On January 14, 1840,
he baptized a number into the
Church as the first fruits of the
gospel in Scotland. On the 19th,
he blessed some children and
administered the sacrament for
the first time in that vicinity.
On that occasion he received the
gift of tongues. They were very
successful in their labors and
baptized a great number, among
whom were his own parents.
He left Glasgow on October 2,
1840, and returned to America, ar-
riving home December 19, 1840.
He afterward moved to Nauvoo,
Illinois, from which place he
was again sent on a mission in
November, 1842. He organized
a branch of the Church at Cam-
bria, Niagara County, New
York, April 27, 1843. He was re-
leased to return home July 2,
1843.
In 1849, as he was preparing
to go to Utah, he was sent on a
business mission to the East. He-
returned home the same year.
In 1850 he came on to Utah and
settled in Great Salt Lake City
with his family, six in number.
He bought a lot, which now is
BIOGRAPHICAL.
407
occupied by the Walker Broth-
ers Bank, and started a tannery
and shoe shop, making the first
leather in the state. He built a
comfortable dwelling house. He
bought a grist mill at American
Fork, and soon after buiit a
carding mill adjoining it, and
also a sugar cane mill. With the
latter he made molasses for the
settlers. He also built a grist
mill at what was known as
Spring Creek, between Lehi and
American Fork, where he resid-
ed most all the remainder of his
days.
He gave employment to many
Saints and new-comers and did
much for the poor and needy.
He never allowed any to suffer
for the want of food or clothes
if he knew it.
He died February 25, 1891, at
the age of 82 years, 1 month,
and 10 days.
ANDREW A. PETERSON.
Andrew A. Peterson was the
son of Andreas Peterson and
Marna Anderson, and was born
in Ystad, Sweden, January 13,
1840. He joined the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints October 1. 1854, being a
member of the first branch or-
ganized in Sweden. In 1855 he
was ordained to the lesser priest-
hood and shortly after migrated
to Denmark, where he labored
for two years as a teacher, when
he was ordained an elder and in
1858 was sent on a mission to
his native land. In 1862 he was
honorably released from his mis-
sionary labors to emigrate to
Utah. He started on this jour-
ney in the first part of April and
while passing through Germany
was married on the River Elbe
to Mary Ann Pherson. They
crossed the plains in Captain
Liljenquist's ox-team company,
arriving in Lehi in October,
1862. He resided in Lehi con-
tinuously to the time of his
death and held many positions
of trust and honor. As a public
servant he had few superiors, for
his honesty and integrity were
above reproach and his many
years of service brought him the
love and esteem of all with
whom he associated.
For six terms Mr. Peterson
was a member of the City Coun-
cil; twelve years a member of
the school board; several years
a member of the water board;
two years general water-master;
four years a policeman; a num-
ber of years director of the Peo-
ple's Co-operative Institution:
and one of the promoters and
first stockholders of the Lehi
Union Exchange.
In ecclesiastical affairs his
record is an enviable one. For
thirty-three years he was presi-
dent of the deacons' quorum;
for thirty-five years a faithful
Sunday School teacher; for over
thirty years he was president of
ihc Scandinavian Saints of Lehi:
and for many years one of the
presidents of the 68th quorum of
408
HISTORY OF LEHI.
seventies. He was ordained a
seventy January 17, 1872, and a
liigh priest January 5, 1907. He
Hied December 30, 1911.
MARY ANN P. PETERSON.
Mary A. Peterson was the
daughter of Earland Pherson
and Margaret Ingemanson and
was born in Halmstad, Sweden,
MARY A. PHERSON PETERSON.
June 22, 1844. She embraced the
gospel as taught by the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints in 1859, and emigrated to
Utah in 1862, walking the entire
distance across the plains. She
was married to Andrew A. Pet-
erson on the River Elbe in Ger-
many enroute to Utah and has
lived in Lehi ever since she ar-
rived in October, 1862.
She has been a true wife and
an affectionate mother and has
passed through the trying times
of early days in Lehi, helping
her husband to raise a large and
respectable family. She has
been a member of the Relief So-
ciety almost from its organiza-
tion and is still a faithful mem-
ber in this society. She is the
mother of ten children, six sons
and four daughters. Those now
living are: Leah, (Mrs. Lawr-
ence Hill), Andrew, Mary Ann,
(Mrs. Lyman P. Losee), Chris-
tina, (Mrs. Wm. E. Southwick),
Joseph (now principal of the
Snow Flake Academy, Arizona),
Hyrum, and David.
ANDREW F. PETERSON.
Andrew F. Peterson was the
son of Peter Anderson and Anne
Evansen, and was born in
Modum, Norway, October 13.
1823. He emigrated to America
when a young man to seek his
fortune. He was. converted to
the Mormon Church in Council
Bluffs and was baptized Novem-
ber 19, 1849, by Torg Torstensen
and confirmed by Benjamin
Clapp. The following year he
drove a team across the plains
and on to California. He came
back to Utah and settled in Cot-
tonwood.
He was out in the mountains
during the Echo Canyon War
BIOGRAPHICAL.
409
and was one of those who rode
around the hills to deceive the
'soldiers in General Johnston's
army. He came to Lehi in the
"move" and afterward made it
his home.
ANDREW F. PETERSON.
He was ordained a seventy
April 9, 1852, in Salt Lake City,
by Joseph Young, and was a
member of the 33rd quorum. He
married Hannah Christenson
September 29, lbt>9, and was or-
dained a high priest in 1874 by
Daniel S. Thomas. He went to
Norway on a mission in 1877,
and after being gone one year
and a half, was released on ac-
count of ill health. He died
April 17, 1881.
HANNAH C. PETERSON.
Hannah Christensen Peterson
(Jones) is a native of Jylland,
Denmark, born December 30,
1845, her parents being Simeon
and Karen Christensen. She re-
ceived a common school educa-
tion and was brought up in the
Lutheran church, being sprink-
led as a child and confirmed at
the age of 16 years. She was
taught the trade of dressmaking,
which she followed through life,
being exceptionally well quali-
fied for this line of work.
HANNAH C. PETERSON.
On May 26, 1867, she was bap-
tized a member of the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
410
HISTORY OF LEHI.
by Elder Mauritz P. Anderson,
her brother-in-law, and con-
firmed by Mathfas C. Anderson.
In the spring of 1869 she bid
farewell to her native land and
emigrated to Utah, crossing the
ocean on the steamship ".Min-
nesota," which left Liverpool
July 15 and arrived at New York
on July 28. She reached Tay-
lor's Switch, near Ogden, Aug-
ust 6 and Pleasant Grove, Aug-
ust 15. 1869. After a short stay
at the latter place, she came to
Lehi and was married to An-
drew F. Peterson September 29.
1869.
Mrs. Peterson soon adapted
herself to her surroundings and
although at first was not able to
understand English, she was
soon able to take part in public
affairs. She was one of the first
officers of the Primary Associa-
tion and was an active Sunday
School worker for twenty years.
Her special work has been the
Relief Society, in which she has
always been active as teacher,
trustee, counselor and president,
being set apart for the latter po-
sition in October. 1907. At the
age of 35 she was left a widow
and thrown largely upon her
own resources, but owing to her
ability in her chosen calling she
has lived in comparative com-
fort. For many years she has
taught large classes of girls the
art of dressmaking and she has
done much of the sewing for
those who have been laid away.
She married John J, Jones '
July 15, 1897, and ten years later
May 9, 1907, she was again left
i widow.
CANUTE PETERSON.
Canute Peterson was born in
Eidsfjord. Hardanger, Norway,
-May 13, 1824. The farm owned
by his father is called Maurset,
and is now visited by the tour-
ists who go to view the pictur-
esque waterfall called Voring-
sfors, which is only a few miles
distant. His parents emigrated
to America in 1837, taking Ca-
nute with them, but leaving Uvo
older sons, John and Jacob, who
preferred to remain in Norwav.
His parents settled in La Salle
County, Illinois. The father died
in 1838. Canute's mother lived
some ten years after her hus-
band's death, but was afflicted
with rheumatism and confined
to her bed during these many
years. Sister Jacobs, a benev-
olent and faithful Latter-day
Saint, gave her the care and the
love as of a devoted sister. Sis-
ter Jacobs afterwards came to
Lehi, wdiere she was known to
Brother Peterson's children as
Grandma Jacobs, and spent her
last years there. Young Canute
had to take work among the
farmers. Sometimes he would
be miles away from his mother;
but when through his work Sat-
urday night, he would walk all
the way home, though it took
most of the night to reach it
and most of the following night
BIOGRAPHICAL.
411
to return, in order to spend
Sunday with his beloved mother.
As he grew older he tried to
buy a few luxuries for her. Be-
fore he left the state, he had
paid the debt which his father
had incurred through his and his
wife's sickness. This act shows
how dearly he cherished the
memory of his parents. No one
could have made a claim on him
for the debt. Money was scarce
and wages low, but he was de-
termined that none should lose
through having loaned money to
his father, and after years of toil
he succeeded in paying it in full.
When Canute was 18 years of
age, his mother and he joined
the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints. He was bap-
tized August 12, 1842. There
was a large number of Scan-
dinavians living in La Salle
County, Illinois, and a large
branch of the Church was raised
up there. He visited Nauvoo in
1844 and was ordained a seventy.
The same year he was called to
take a mission to Wisconsin.
Here he baptized quite a number
and organized a branch of the
Church.
A few miles from Ottawa
lived Widow Nelson, who had a
number of sons and daughters.
She was kind to the poor and
even the tramp was never turned
away from her hospitable home.
Here Canute Peterson was al-
ways a welcome guest. One of
the daughters, Sarah Ann, a
couple of years younger than he.
had also joined the Church, and
thus they were thrown much
into each other's company, at-
tending meetings and other gath-
erings of the Saints. She was a
lovely girl and a most lovable
woman.
When the Saints were advised
to gather with the Church in
Utah, she showed her integrity
to the gospel by leaving her
good home and those she loved
so highly. A number of the
Saints left La Salle for Utah in
1849; among them was Canute
Peterson and Sarah A. Nelson.
In crossing Iowa their camp was
attacked with cholera, and Miss
Nelson came down with it.
Canute Peterson felt deep anx-
iety on her account. Should she
die what would her mother and
relatives say? The thought was
agonizing to him. He went into
a little grove by the creek and
plead with the Lord to spare her
life. When he arose from his
knees he felt endowed with
heavenly power and went to her
wagon and placing his hand on
her head he commanded her to
arise and be healed. She felt a
miraculous power pervade hei
and was healed immediately.
When they came to Mt. Pisgah.
they met Elder Orson Hyde. He
performed the marriage cere-
mony, making Canute and Sarah
husband and wife. They reached
Utah in the fall and settled in
Salt Lake City. Next year he
was called to go and help settle
Lehi.
412
HISTORY OF LEHI.
In the fall of 1850, in company
with Jesse W. Fox, Nelson Em-
pey, and Henry Royle, he went
out to the present site of Lehi
and helped to survey the town-
site. He did not move his fam-
ily to Lehi until the middle of
March, 1851. He helped make
water ditches and commenced
breaking his farm when he was
called to go to Scandinavia on a
mission. His wife was left with
the care of two children, and
though it was a time of Indian
troubles and grasshoppers, she
felt the Lord had richly blessed
her. W'lu-n the grasshoppers had
swept the fields clean, her littre
patch of wheat was spared and
she raised sixty bushels of treas-
ured breadstuff. She helped
many who had lost their whole
crop.
Canute Peterson returned in
1856, bringing a large company
of immigrants with him, whom
he inspired with a deep love for
him. He became counselor to
Bishop Evans.
In 1867 he was called to go to
Ephraim to preside over that
ward as bishop. In 1870 he was
called to take a mission to Scan-
dinavia to preside over that mis-
sion. He returned in 1872.
When President Bn'gham
Young organized the Sanpete
Slake, Canute Peterson was
chosen as its president. He held
this position until the stake was
divided and then he continued
to preside over the South San-
p< te Slake, until his death, which
occurred October 14, 1902. He
held the office of stake president
more than twenty-five years. He
was generally loved and es-
teemed by the Saints. He was a
good gospel preacher. The
Bible and the book of Doctrine
and Covenants were his favorite
books, and few were so well
versed in the Scriptures as he.
He loved Lehi and its people,
among whom were many of his
dearest friends, and he never
tired of relating his experiences
during the seventeen years he
sojourned there.
His wife Sarah died in May,
1896. Two wives, Mariah and
Charlotte, and fifteen children
survived him.
Anthon H. Lund.
JAMES Q. POWELL.
James Q. Powell, a native of
Lancaster County, Pennsylvania,
was born November 7, 1807, and
emigrated to Utah in Pulsipher's
company, arriving in Salt Lake
City in September, 1848.
He lived in Cotton wood (now
Murray) four years, moved to
the Point of the Mountain in
1852, and to Lehi in 1856.
He was among the first to
own sheep in Utah, having
brought a number with him
across the plains. He was em-
inently successful as a sheep
and cattle raiser, which busi-
ness he followed in connection
with farming. In the early days
BIOGRAPHICAL.
413
he often sold his wool for grain
and vegetables.
Mr. Powell was married three
times. In 1829 he married Su-
san Charlston, who bore him
four children. She died in Penn-
sylvania in 1840. Some time
Ruby Valley, Nevada; Thad-
deus, a prominent business man
of Lehi; and Susan (Mrs. Char-
les Trane.) Mr. Powell died
December 4, 1891.
THADDEUS POWELL.
MRS. JAMES 0. POWELL.
after, he married Jane Cooper,
who accompanied him to Utah.
She was the mother of five
children. She died in Lehi May
16. 1893.
In 1855 he married Hannah
Anderson, a native of Denmark,
who had two children. She
died in Lehi, August 4, 1899. Of
all these children only four are
now living: Ann living in Salt
Lake City; Naomi, living in
Thaddeus Powell, son of
James Q. and Mary Cooper
Powell, was born September 30,
1854, near the Point of the
Mountain, in Salt Lake County,
Utah. His boyhood was spent
in herding sheep and cattle and
in going to school a few weeks
in the winter time at Lehi.
THADDEUS POWELL.
He married Esther Ann Ash-
ton January 24, 1883. To them
414
HISTORY OF LEHI.
have been born five children, as
follows: Thaddeus A., Eugene,
Leland, Hazel May (Mrs. Isaac
Bone), and Thomas James. Mr.
Powell started in the sheep busi-
ness in 1872 and continued till
1891. During this time he
owned herds of from 2000 to
4000 head.
He bought the Mulliner mill
property in 1884, and sold it in
1890 to the Utah Sugar Com-
pany. The site is now occupied
by the first sugar factory built in
Utah.
He was director of the Lehi
Commercial and Savings Bank
from 1893 to 1900 and a member
of the City Council in 1894 and
1895. Mr. Powell is sound in
judgment, prudent in his under-
takings, and altogether a pro-
gressive and enterprising citizen.
ESTER A. A. POWELL.
Ester Ann Ashton Powell, the
wife of Thaddeus Powell, and
the third child of Thomas and
Arminta Lawrence Ashton, was
born February 17, 1856, in Lehi,
Utah.
In her early life, during the
hard times, she carded wool and
spun yarn which her mother
wove into cloth for the family
which in those days was clothed
in homespun and glad to
get it. Her education was lim-
ited, as there were no free
schools. Her father would teach
his children what he could in the
evenings. However, in spite of
these handicaps, Mrs. Poweli
grew up to be a capable and use-
ESTHER A. A. POWELL. -
ful woman. She is one that is
ever trying to do her full duty
as a wife, mother, and member
of the community.
WILLIAM E. RACKER.
William E. Racker was born
in Aarhus, Denmark, January 23,
1853, and was the son of Chris-
tian F. and Jacobine Racker.
His father died when William E.
was five months old. He spent
his early life in Denmark and
was educated in the schools of
that country. At the age of fif-
teen years he emigrated to
BIOGRAPHICAL.
415
America, being the second son
but now the oldest son living.
He arrived in Salt Lake City
Sept. 25, 1868, where he re-
mained for a year, the remain-
der of the family coming to Lehi
where he joined them later.
He began life in Lehi work-
ing at anything he could get to
do, in the field or on the thresh-
ing machine; later he became
clerk in the tithing office under
Bishop David Evans, staying
there seven years. At the end
of that time, he accepted a posi-
ion as bookkeeper with the Peo-
ple's Co-operative Institution.
He was advanced to the position
of secretary and treasurer of
held that place for ten years and
then was made Superintendent
in 1893. He also held the office
of secretary and treasurer of
the institution.
Mr. Racker was married on
the 31st of March, 1873, to Miss
Rozilla Evans, daughter of Bish-
op Evans. By this marriage
twelve children have been born,
nine of whom are living.
Mr. Racker is a Republican in
politics. He has been Treas-
urer of Lehi for three terms and
has been prominent in all public
affairs in the early days. He was
one of the leading men in get-
ting the sugar factory located in
Lehi; was one of the promoters
of the Lehi Commercial and
Savings Bank, and a director of
it for years: was president and
director of the first electric light
company, in the north end of
Utah County; and one of the
owners and builders of the
Union Hotel.
Mr. Racker is a member of the
L. D. S. Church and is now a
high priest. In February, 1903,
he went on a mission to his na-
tive country, returning in May,
1904. In August of that year he
organized the Racker Merchan-
tile Company and became presi-
dent and manager. In 1906 he
was re-elected president and di-
rector of the Uah County Light
and Power Company, and re-
mained an officer of that com-
pany until its consolidation with
the Knight Power Company.
At the city election in the fall
of 1911, he was elected Mayor of
Lehi City and commenced to
serve in that office on January 1.
1912. and is still serving in that
capacity.
When the State Bank of Lehi
was organized he was chosen a
director and chairman of the Ex-
ecutive Board of that bank.
FREDERICK E. RACKER.
Frederick Eugene Racker. son
of William E. and Rozilla Rack-
er, was born August 4. 1877, at
Lehi, Utah. At the age of eight
years he was baptized a member
of the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints, and at the age
of twelve was ordained a deacon.
His school days were spent in
the Lehi public schools. At the
age of twelve he started as an
416
HISTORY OF LEHI.
apprentice in the printing busi-
ness with the Lehi Publishing
Company, and from the age of
fourteen to the age of twenty he
was engaged as teamster and
clerk in the People's Co-oper-
ative Institution.
When war broke out between
the United States and Spain, he
was one of the first three volun-
teers from Lehi, and served in
the Utah Cavalry during the war
with Spain. Not having been en-
gaged in any action during his
enlistment in the cavalry, he
again re-enlisted in the 24th In-
fantry and went to the Philip-
pines with the regiment, where
he participated in some six or
eight engagements with the en-
emy. While there he was strick-
en down with a very severe at-
tack of dysentery and was taken
to the hospital at Manila where
he remained several weeks and
was then sent over to the United
States, having become so weak
that he had to be carried on
board the ship that brought him
to San Francisco. After several
months treatment in the hospital
in the Praesidio, he obtained his
release and came home.
On the 31st of July, 1900, he
was married to Miss Orpha Ad-
ams of American Fork, Utah.
Soon after his marriage, he
again engaged as clerk and later
as a miner until June, 1904, at
which time he again enlisted in
the United States Army, and this
time he was assigned to the 29th
infantry, Company G, and served
as clerk of the company for a
period of several months.
Having obtained a knowledge
of printing in his youth, he was
detailed as post printer and on
the 12th of April, 1905, he was
detailed as school teacher at
the post.
He was very much beloved
by his comrades and highly re-
spected by the officers of his
company.
On Sunday, the 23rd of April,
1905, he died in the post hospital
from a very acute attack of
dysentery and cramps. Tues-
day following he was escorted
by the full garrison at Fort
Douglas with great military
honors, commanded by Capt.
Wells, Adjutant-General and
Commanding Officer of the
post, the cortege being preceded
by the post Band.
He died in full fellowship in
the faith of the gospel, and he
always had a firm belief in the
principles of the same, and so
expressed himself to his parents
the last time he talked to them.
JOHN ROBERTS, JR.
John Roberts, son of John
Roberts, Sen., and Adelade Ford
Roberts, was born December 20,
1848, in Woolwich, Kent, Eng-
land. He joined the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints in 1863, and emigrated to
America with his parents in
1863.
At the age of 14 he drove
BIOGRAPHICAL.
417
three yoke of oxen across the
plains, arriving in Salt Lake
City in October, 1863, and came
to Lehi a month later. He went
East for emigrants in 1865 and
helped to bring the Thomas
Taylor company to Salt Lake
City. Two years later, 1867, he
fought in the Black Hawk War.
He spent two years freighting
by team in Nevada, and for sev-
eral years did teaming and farm-
ing.
He married Alice Ann Taylor,
daughter of James and Ann
Taylor, December 25, 1872, from
which union ten children were
born.
He entered the employment
of the People's Co-operative In-
stitution in 1882. He was man-
ager of the Branch Co-op. For
fourteen years, city treasurer six
terms, a member of the City
Council two terms, and mayor
of the city one term. He served
on the School Board six years,
as chairman, secretary, and
treasurer.
Death took his wife, Alice
Ann. in the year 1895. He then
married Mary Ann Cutler
Standring, and in a few years
was left again, she passing away
in 1900. One year later he mar-
ried Emma Jane Evans Taylor
and has three sons from this
marriage.
He has taken an active part in
ecclesiastical organizations of
the Church, was one of the pres-
idents of the 68th quorum of
seventies, and is at present an
active block teacher and a high
priest.
At the age of 65 he is still
(1913) in the employment of the
People's Co-operative Institu-
tion.
GEORGE G. ROBINSOX.
George G. Robinson was born
October 20, 1869, in Newcastle
County, Delaware. He received
his education in the public
schools. At the age of 16
years he commenced to learn the
milling business with McLaugh-
lin Brothers of Newark, Dela-
ware, going to Crosswick, N. J.,
in 1888 to take charge of a mill
for the Eagle Roller Mill Coin-
GEORGE G. ROBINSON.
418
HISTORY OF LEHI.
pany of that place. He came to
Utah at the request of Bishop
\Y. I). Robinson, arriving at
American Fork, Utah, in Decem-
ber, 1890, working for W. D.
Robinson upwards of five years,
after which he worked for the
Chiptnan Mercantile Company,
having charge of their mill at
American Foil;. He leased the
Lehi Roller Mills in April, 1907,
running the same for twenty-
seven months. He then returned
to the employ of the Chipman
Mercantile Company and as-
sumed charge of their mill. In
June, 1910, he moved to Lehi
and bought the Lehi Roller
Mills, also the home of Louis
Garff. He was elected to the City
Council for the two year term in
November, 1911, and re-elected
as the four year term council-
man in 1913. George G. Robin-
son was married to Beulah
Adams, daughter of Joshua- and
Mary B. Adams of American
Fork. January 2, 1894.
JOHN E. ROSS.
John E. Ross was one of the
early settlers of Lehi, having
arrived here in November, 1853.
He has probably done more in
an educational way for Lehi
than any other man, having
taught in the local schools for
twenty-nine years without a
break. When he commenced
teaching there were no free
schools in Utah and his pay in
the earlier days consisted of
various kinds of produce. He
served fourteen years as city
recorder and was an excellent
penman. He also served two
years as city alderman.
He has also been a religious
worker, serving twenty-five years
in the Sunday Schools.
JOHN E. ROSS.
He was an Indian war vet-
eran, serving in the Black Hawk
War in 1866. He was a team-
ster in his youth. In 1861 he
drove four yoke of cattle across
the plains, back to Florence for
immigrants, and in 1864 he drove
a six-mule team to Los Angeles
for freight for John R. Murdock.
Mr. Ross was the son of
BIOGRAPHICAL.
419
Stephen W. and Jane Ross and
was born in Newark, New Jer-
sey, January 13, 1840. His father
died when he was 9 years of age,
and the year following he came
with his mother to Council
Bluffs, Iowa. In 1852 they came
to Salt Lake City, and the year
following came to Lehi. July 1,
1865, he married Amanda Nor-
ton, a daughter of Mr. and Mrs.
Wiley Norton, who were also
among the first settlers of Lehi.
S. W. Ross.
LOT RUSSON AND ELIZA
ROUND.
Lot Russon and Eliza Round
were born in Wetherston,
Worcestershire. England. Lot
was born January 1, 1829,
and Eliza on October 21, 1830.
Lot was a lad of 13 when his
father died, and he was the sup-
port of his mother and four sis-
ters for many years. On De-
cember 25, 1850, he married
Eliza Round.
They were baptized into the
Church in August, 1852. He was
a collier and she made nails
until their fifth child was born.
They were faithful in their
church duties. In October,
1871, they emigrated to Utah
with eight children, namely:
Charlotte, Thomas, Mary, Sarah,
Lot Jr., Eliza, Enoch, Annie
Amelia (deceased), and George
E. Two were later born in
Lehi: Joseph F. and Kate L.
All are stalwart Latter-day
LOT RUSSON, AND ELIZA R. RUSSON.
420
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Saints and have done temple
work.
Brother Lot was appointed
president of the elders' quorum
by Apostle Erastus Snow, June
10, 1877, being the first to re-
ceive that appointment in Lehi,
and was president twenty-two
years. He missed only four
meetings in that time.
Eliza held the office of a
teacher in the Relief Society for
thirty years, and died in the
harness July 22, 1908, in her
seventy-eighth year, surrounded
by her husband and children —
all except Enoch, who was do-
ing missionary work in Eng-
land. Lot is 85 years old and
still hale. His posterity number
at this reading eleven children,
eighty-two grandchildren, and
seventy-six great grandchildren,
making a total of 170 souls.
HENRY ROYLE.
Henry Royle, one of the orig-
inal pioneers of Lehi, was born
in England. Very little is
known of his early life. Some
time in the early forties he
joined the "Mormon" Church
and took an active part in
preaching and advocating its
doctrines, being rotten-egged
by hoodlums for so doing. He
married a sister of David Clark,
another Lehi pioneer; she soon
died and left him without fam-
ily.
He came to America about the
year 1846, and worked two years
in St. Louis, in the meantime
getting together an outfit con-
sisting of oxen, cows, and other
necessities with which to cross
the plains.
In the winter of 1847-1848 he
married Ann Capstick, and on
the 18th of March, following,
they moved to St. Joseph, Mis-
souri, from where they later
started for Salt Lake City, ar-
riving at the latter place Septem-
ber 21, 1848, where he built a
home.
In the fall of 1848 and the fol-
lowing spring he made adobes
and, being a mason, helped to
build them into one of the first
meeting houses in Salt Lake
City. In the summer of 1850
in company with Canute Peter-
son and others, he explored the
north end of Utah Valley with
a view of taking up land and
finding a suitable place for a set-
tlement. In September of that
year he came back to Dry Creek
with his brother-in-law, David
Clark, and while felling logs for
a house, had his collar bone
broken. He went back to Salt
Lake and remained until spring,
when he brought his wife and
infant daughter, (Mrs. Sarah A.
Olmstead), to Lehi and lived
for a time in a covered wagon
box. On June 22, 1851, his son,
Henry Moroni, was born, being
the first white male child to see
the light of day in Lehi. After
a brief illness, he died July 8,
1852, aged about thirty-two
years.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
421
ANN CAPSTICK ROYLE.
Ann Capstick, the daughter of
Ann and Christopher Capstick,
was born July 26, 1812, at Old
Hutton, Bridge End, north of
Westmoreland, England. Her
mother died December 31, 1836:
her father died in August, 1841.
In 1842, with her sister, Jane,
she came to America. In 1843,
July 30, she was baptized a
member of the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints, in
Newark. Connecticut. A short
time after she made the ac-
quaintance of Henry Royle,
whom she married in the winter
of 1847. March 18, 1848. they
left St. Louis, where they had
been residing and located at St.
Joseph. Missouri; from there
they left for Salt Lake City with
an ox team, arriving in Utah
on the 21st of September, 1848.
Here they built a home on a
city lot. September 22, 1849,
their first child, Sarah Ann, was
born. In the spring of 1851
they moved to Lehi. June 22,
1851, their son, Henry Moroni,
was born. July 8, 1852, after a
short sickness, her husband died.
November 9, 1852, she married
John Mercer of American Fork,
Utah. October 6, 1853, she gave
birth to her daughter, Martha
(Mrs. James Kirkham). On
March 8, 1860. her husband, John
Mercer, died. In the fall of 1861
she married Samuel Mulliner.
After living with Samuel Mul-
liner for a year or two, her chil-
dren built her a home next to
the residence of her daughter,
Martha Kirkham, where she re-
mained until her death, July 7.
1879.
GEORGE P. SCHOW.
George Peter Schow was born
in Ronne, Bornholm, Denmark,
July 20, 1853, his parents being
Jens Hansen Schow and Sine
Kirstine Larsen. His father's
GEORGE P. SCHOW.
home was know as Helligdoms-
gaarden, being a noted pleasure
resort and its rugged cliffs and
beautiful scenery were know all
over the northern part of Eur-
ope.
422
HISTORY OF LEHI.
When George was fourteen
years old, his father died and
the next four years were spent
with his uncle. Although he was
not a Mormon, at the age of
eighteen years he determined to
leave his native land and go to
Utah. His relatives and friends
CELESTIA WILLES SCHOW.
tried to persuade him against
this course. His uncle, who was
childless and well to do, prom-
ised to make it worth his time
if he would stay. But it was all
to no purpose; there seemed to
be an irresistible impulse taking
him to Utah, his brother, Peter,
having preceded him there. He
reached Utah in April, 1872, and
'-pent the next few years work-
ing in the mines of Little Cot-
tonwood and Bingham Canyon.
For a number of years he
freighted to Bingham, hauling
all manner of produce, such as
butter, eggs, fruit, and vege-
tables and selling it to the peo-
ple. For the last number of
years he has been one of Lehi's
leading farmers and at present,
in company with his sons, is
engaged quite extensively in
dry farming west of Jordan
River.
Mr. Schow first heard the
gospel as taught by the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints in Lehi, where he has
made his home since his arrival
in Utah, and was baptized by
Abraham Losee. He married
Celestia Willes, a daughter of
William Sidney Smith Willes
and Alzina Lucinda Lott, No-
vember 18, 1880. To them have
been born five children as fol-
lows: George Sidney, Virgin-
ia (Mrs. Arthur Webb), Alzina
Lucinda (Mrs. Albert Bone),
Floyd, and Joice Pamelia.
Mr. Schow is one of Lehi's
progressive citizens, always tak-
ing part in every enterprise that
is for the public good. He is a
strong supporter of education
and to his honor be it said
that his son, George Sidney,
was the first Lehi boy to
graduate from the University
of Utah. During the years
1900 and 1901, Mr. Schow was
in California teaching the Cali-
fornians how to irrigate their
BIOGRAPHICAL.
423
lands, being recommended for
this position by Bishop Thomas
R. Cutler. When the four
wards of Lehi were organized
December 20, 1903, Mr. Schow
was selected as Second Coun-
cilor to Andrew Fjeld in the
Bishopric of the First Ward,
a position he still holds.
JOSEPH JOHNSON SMITH.
Joseph Johnson Smith was the
son of William and Sophia
Brooks Smith, and was born
April 8, 1821. in Kempston, Bed-
forshire, England. He learned
the trade of blacksmith and
wheelwright and became a pro-
ficient mechanic in this line. On
March 1, 1840, he married Mary
Ann Smart and on September
23. 1841, he was baptized a mem-
ber of the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints by
John Sheffield.
In May. 1843, in company with
his father, mother and some of
his brothers and sisters who also
had accepted Mormonism, he em-
igrated to Nauvoo, Illinois. On
the 8th of August, 1844, his wife
died, leaving him with three
small children and in April, 1845,
his mother died. Soon after this
his father returned to England,
where he later married and
raised another family.
Joseph J. left Nauvoo in May.
and in company with Bishop
David Evans and others lived at
Bonepart during the summer.
Tn September Bishop Evans and
Company moved for*v miles
west of Pisgah on the head wat-
ers of Nodaway, intending to
settle there, but their provisions
gave out and their cattle died,
so they were compelled to move
into Missouri for supplies.
On the first of January, 1850,
Mr. Smith was married to Ann
Coleman, daughter of Prime and
Sarah Thornton Coleman, by
Bishop David Evans at Mary-
ville. Missouri, and the same
year they crossed the plains, ar-
riving in Salt Lake City, Sep-
tember 17, 1850. They lived in
Salt Lake City for one year,
when, on the solicitation of
Bishop David Evans, they moved
to Lehi.
Mr. Smith was the first black
smith to settle in Lehi and
took an active part in the build-
ing up of the community. He
made plows for the farmers of
wagon tires which Johnston's
army brought: made the first
iron rollers for crushing sugar
cane in the manufacture of mo-
lasses; and made nails and tools
cf various kinds. This work oc
cupied his spare time in winter
and in the summer he followed
farming. Being of an industrior-
disposition, he was able to sur-
round his family with all the
necessities and some of the lux-
uries of life and was considered
well to do in those days.
He was a stockholder in many
of the industries and enterprises
launched for the building up of
the country. He was active in
furnishing supplies for those
424
HISTORY OF LEHI.
were out on Indian expeditions
and after the Church immigra-
tion. He was among the first to
launch out in the bee industry.
He lvmesteaded a quarter sec-
tion of land some distance north
of Lehi on Dry Creek, which he
brought into a high state of cul-
tivation and also built a saw-
mill, using the water of Dry
Creek for power. On February
10, 1865. he married Sarah Ann
Liddiard and all together raised
a very large family, as follows:
Children of Mary Ann Smart:
Caroline (Mrs. Wm. Skeens),
Mercy, and Joseph.
Children of Ann Coleman:
Sarah Ann (Mrs. Samuel South-
wick). Joseph William. George.
Hyrum. Aldura (Mrs. James
Roberts), Julia Elizabeth. (Mrs.
James Taylor), Alfred James,
Samuel Abraham, John Frank-
lin, Rebecca, Jacob. David. Al-
bert, and Moroni Alma.
Children of Sarah Ann Lid-
diard: Florence Sopho (Mrs. J.
E. Cotter), and Elizabeth.
After a lingering illness of
heart trouble, he died August 6.
1902.
A XX COLEMAN SMITH.
Ann Coleman, daughter of
Prime and Sarah Coleman, and
wife of Joseph J. Smith, was
born in Oldin, Bedfordshire,
England on the 2nd day of Oc-
tober, 1833. She was baptized
into the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints, in Bed-
fordshire, England,, by Elder
John S. Thornton in Decem-
ber, 1842, and in 1843, together
with her father's family, consist-
ing of the following members:
Elizabeth Coleman Jacobs, Re-
becca Coleman Evans, Martha
Coleman Southwick, Prime
Coleman, George Coleman, and
William Coleman, migrated to
America, and arrived in Nauvoo
May 12, 1843. She was per-
sonally acquainted with the
Prophet Joseph Smith, and his
brother, Hyrum, and passed
through the persecutions the
ANN COLEMAN SMITH.
Saints were compelled to under-
go at that time.
She was married to Joseph J.
Smith at Morrisonville, Mis-
BIOGRAPHICAL.
425
souri. January 1, 1850. by Bish-
op David Evans, and in May
following, in company with
her husband, moved to Council
Bluffs. On June 13, she crossed
the Missouri River, and start-
ed across the plains with ox
teams, for Utah, arriving in
the fall of 1850. She lived in
Salt Lake City one year, then
moved to Lehi where she re-
sided until her death.
She was the mother of 14 chil-
dren, 10 sons, and 4 daughters.
She was very industrious and
enterprising in the settling and
building up of this country, pass-
ing through all the hardships
and trying times of early pio-
neer life. She was a dutiful, and
considerate wife, a kind and
loving mother, and was respect-
ed by all who knew her.
She passed away October 1,
1909, being 76 years old.
SARAH A. L. SMITH.
Sarath Ann Liddiard Smith
v. as the daughter of Levi A. and
Ann Liddiard. She w-as born at
Windsor, England October 16,
1831, and joined the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
July 14, 1848, at East Woodhay,
Hampshire, England, being a
member of the Landers Confer-
ence.
She sailed for America on the
ship, "Hudson," July 3. 1864;
there were 1100 persons on
board and six weeks were
consumed in crossing the
ocean. She crossed the plains
m Captain Warren Snow's com-
pany and during the journey
she cooked for a number of el-
ders who had been on missions
and were returning home. She
arived in Salt Lake City. No-
vember 31, 1864, and was mar-
SARAH A L. SMITH.
ried to Joseph J. Smith Febru-
ary 10, 1865, coming t<> Lchi
the same year. She was the
mother of two daughters, one
dying in infancy, the other is
Mrs. Florence Cotter. Mrs.
Smith was of a refined yet in-
dependent disposition; having
received a liberal education, she
taught school for a number of
years and was identified with
426
HISTORY OF LEHI.
the Sunday School as a teacher.
In 1887 she built a hotel by
the Denver and Rio Grande de-
pot which she conducted for
a number of years. She died
September 25, 1909.
WILLIAM SOUTHWICK.
My grandfather, Samuel
Southwick, was born at Crad-
ley, Shropshire, England, in
1770. My grandmother, Nancy
Holloway Southwick, died in
1814, in England. My father,
Edward Southwick, was born in
Hanley, Shropshire, England,
May 15, 1812. My mother, Mary
Alexander Southwick, was born
in July, 1812, in Dudley, Eng-
land. My parents were married
in 1834.
I, William, oldest son of my
parents, was born at Dudley,
Staffordshire, England, Septem-
ber 15, 1835. My parents were
religious, belonging to the Meth-
odist church. To them were
born the following children:
William, Joseph, Sarah, Edward.
Samuel, Mary, John, and James.
We were born of goodly parents,
who always taught us to be vir-
tuous and honorable all our
lives. My grandfather, as also
my parents, was baptized into
the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints in May, 1844.
I was baptized December 24,
1848, by my uncle, Joseph
Southwick. I attended Sunday
School some five or six years.
Tn the spring of 1854, I was or-
dained a priest, my duties being
to visit the Saints. In March,
1855, I was ordained an elder
by Edmund Ellsworth, and by
him sent out as a traveling elder
in the Warwick Conference.
In November of this year I
was released, and started for
Utah with a company of Saints
from Rugby of the same con-
ference. On November 30 we
set sail for New York on the
ship "Emerald Isle." We landed
on the 1st of January, 1856, after
a pleasant voyage. I spent some
two months in New York, Phila-
delphia, and Saint Louis. Here
L engaged to one Preston
Thomas of Lehi (missionary to
Texas), to drive a team for him
to Utah. I left Saint Louis on
March 4 on the river steamer,
"Falls City," for New Orleans.
After our arrival we re-shipped
on a gulf steamer for Powder
Horn, Texas. Here we met the
Saints preparing for journeying
to Utah, and on April 7 we
struck camp for the West.
After traveling some 2,500
miles on the Cherokee trail and
part on the Mormon trail, we
landed in Salt Lake City on Sep-
tember 17, and at Lehi on the
19th. After my arrival I en-
gaged to Preston Thomas to
work on his farm for a year at
$10.00 per month.
The two following years, 1858-
1859, I worked for John Zim-
merman and John C. Nagle on
their farms. Soon after my ar-
rival T was mustered into a foot
BIOGRAPHICAL.
427
company, John Norton being
captain, and soon afterwards
formed a home company of
which John S. Lott was cap-
tain. During the two first win-
ters, I spent much time as a
home guard at the fort gates; the
first winter without shoes, and
scarcely enough clothing to keep
warm. There were no fires;
nothing pleasant about it, only
discharge of duty. Indeed I had
to keep moving to keep from
freezing. During the "Move" I
was able to get shoes and
warmer clothing, after the army
came in. Their coming was a
£-reat temporal blessing to the
whole people. I also assisted in
herding and guarding the citi-
zens' cattle up Utah Lake, and
in taking part in all general
work.
On October 20. 1859, I took to
wife Martha Jane Coleman,
(owing to the army being here
the endowment house was
closed, therefore we were mar-
ried by Bishop's Counselor L.
H. Hatch). There were born to
us six children: Wm. E.. Samuel
K., George F., Mary Ann, Re-
becca, and Joseph.
In the spring of 1860 I bought
a piece of land from Bishop Ev-
ans, and started farming for my-
self. In 1858. at the organiza-
tion of the first elders' quorum,
i was chosen as secretary. I was
one of a committee in assisting
to build the west school rooms,
also helped in finishing the
Meeting House. I was captain
of police two years under Mar-
shal Abel Evans, in the '60s.
November 28, 1862, I was or-
dained to the office of seventy in
the 68th quorum by President
Israel Evans; and at the same
WILLIAM SOUTHWICK.
time set apart as secretary of the
quorum, which position I filled
for twenty-five years. On De-
cember 11. 1880, I was set apart
as one of the council; I remained
in this position until I was or-
dained high priest on December
1, 1906, by George Cunningham.
Soon afterwards, I was called to
act as second counselor to Pres-
ident A. R. Anderson in the
Presidency of the high priests'
428
HISTORY OF LEHI.
quorum in the Alpine Stake of
Zion. In 1858, I joined the Lehi
choir. Some time after, I be-
came its leader for a number of
years. I was a teacher in the
Sunday School, also secretary of
the theological class, in all thirty-
years.
My wife, Martha Jane, was
sealed to me in the Salt Lake
Endowment House August 3,
1861, by President Daniel H.
Wells. On May 28, 1864, I took
fur my second wife Savina C.
Larson, daughter of Swen Lar-
son of Sanpete. We were sealed
in the Endowment House by
President W. Woodruff. The
names of children born to us:
Sarah M., Emma F., Martha
Ann, Edith A., Ernest L., and
Raymond.
In 1863 my brother Samuel ar-
rived in Lehi. where he made his
home for years. Later he moved
to Idaho. In 1864 my father,
with two children, came to Lehi,
my mother having died upon the
plains. After seven years' resi-
dence here he died in 1873.
In the '60s I was a member of
the old Dramatic Company. I
was a home missionary in the
old Utah Stake with Bishop
Thomas R. Cutler one year. In
1904 I served one year as home
missionary with Emil Anderson
in the Alpine Stake of Zion. In
the years 1865-1880 I labored un-
der Bishop David Evans as block
teacher, and under Bishop Cutler
as an acting priest. I was gen-
eral water master for Lehi for
-even years, and president of the
Lehi Water Company for two
years.
In the fall of 1887, I received
a call to take a mission to the
Southern States. On March 29,
1888, I left home, and arrived in
Chattanooga on April 4. Here
I received my appointment to
travel in the Eastern Tennessee-
Western North Carolina Confer-
ence. After filling a satisfactory
mission, I received an honorable
discharge from the president of
the Southern States Mission,
William Sprv. I returned home
in the fall of 1889.
In the spring of 1890, I was
appointed chairman of the Old
Bolks' Committee of Lehi, in
which position I served very
pleasantly for twenty years.
Since my return from my mis-
sion, my time has been spent in
my home affairs, and my duties
in the Church, and as a citizen
of my home town, of which I
feel proud, having lived for the
past fifty-seven years watching
it grow from a small village, sur-
rounded by a mud wall as a pro-
tection against the invasion of
hostile Indians, to its present
surroundings. And may our pos-
terity never cease to build upon
the foundation laid by the earl}'
veterans until it shall become,
through their industry and en-
terprise, the most beautiful city.
overlooking that grand view of
waters, the Utah Lake.
Willia m Southwick.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
429
EDWARD SOUTHWICK.
Edward Soutlnvick, who was
the son of Edward Soutlnvick
and Mary Alexander, was born
April 24. 1842 at Dudley, Wor-
cestershire, England.
His father not being in the
best of circumstances, Edward
was put to work in a glass fac-
tory, at Sponlane, where he
worked for a number of years,
becoming quite proficient in his
hne of work. He afterwards
iearned the shoe making busi-
ness from his father and also
mastered this occupation. Af-
ter working with his father for
a number of years in West-
bromwich, he went to North-
hampton, where he was en-
gaged in the Mansfield shoe
factory, the largest in the
world at that time. He affei-
ward went to Norwich, w!rrj
he was foreman in a small fac-
tor}-. From here he migrated
to this country in the year
1871 on the steamship, "Ne-
vada," which left Liverpool
July 26, with 93 Saints under
the direction of Lot Smith and
arrived at Salt Lake City, Aug-
ust 16.
He then came direct to Lehi.
and not having sufficient work-
to occupy his time and make a
living at his trade, he engaged
in the construction work on the
railroad that was being built up
American Fork Canyon that
year. When the railroad was
completed, he engaged as a
cook at the old Miller Mine in
American Fork Canyon, and
worked as such for a number of
years, going then to Alta in Big
EDWARD SOUTHWICK.
Cottonwood Canyon where he
was offered better wages. He
commenced to work at his trade
about the year 1876 and contin-
ued in this occupation the re-
mainder of his life, and all of
the early settlers will remember
him from the fact that he made
footwear for them all.
He was baptized in the year
1854 by Elder John White, was
ordained an elder, and did
some missionary work in his na-
tive land. He was ordained a
seventy May 14. 1876. by Wil-
430
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Ham Clark, and was a mem-
ber of the 68th quorum ot sev-
enty up to the time of his death.
He was also a member of the
School Board at the time of his
death, the only public trust he
ever held.
He was married to Ann Ma-
ria Taylor, February 18, 1866,
in the old parish church of
Dudley, England, and became
the father of nine children. His
eldest son Arthur James, who
appears in the accompanying
picture on his father's knee, was
born March 24, 1876, at Birming-
ham, England. This picture
was the only one Edward
Southwick ever posed for. He
was a man of great faith and re-
joiced in visiting and adminis-
tering to the sick. He died very
suddenly on October 30, 1888,
being sick only eight hours.
AXX M. T. SOUTHWICK.
Ann Maria Taylor, who was
the daughter of John Taylor and
Ann Maria Lager, was born
March 11, 1841, at Westbrom-
wich, Staffordshire, England.
She was engaged as a domestic
in her girlhood; received the
gospel with other members of
her father's family; was bap-
tized in the year 1854, by John
Taylor, and was a member of
Westbromwich and Birmingham
branch choir, for a number of
years.
She was married to Edward
Southwick March 18th, 1866, and
became the mother of nine chil-
dren, namely: Arthur James,
now a resident of Provo, Utah;
Clara, who was born March 5, at
Norwich, England, now Mrs.
George R. Meservy, of Provo,
Utah, (whose picture appears as
a baby with her mother below) ;
Edward Southwick of Lehi,
Utah; Dora May, now Mrs. Wil-
liam L. Fuller, of Preston, Idaho,
and Frederick, Agnes, Katie Eliz-
abeth, Alice, Maud, and John Al-
fred, all now deceased, John Al-
fred died in the Thames Hos-
pital. Xew Zealand, March 12th,
1908, while filling a mission.
She passed through many try-
ing circumsatnces during her
AXX MARIA T. SOUTHWICK.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
431
life, but had a kind and loving
disposition, and although afflict-
ed with asthma all her days, was
never heard to complain. She
was a member of the Relief So
ciety and a teacher in this or-
ganization at the time of her
death, which occured November
29, 1892, at Lehi, Utah.
EDWARD SOUTHWICK, JR.
Edward Southwick, Jr., who
was the son of Edward South-
wick and Ann Maria Taylor, is
a product of Lehi, having been
born September 13, 1871, in his
uncle's house now standing on
the corner of First North and
Fourth West streets.
He was baptized October 3,
1880, by Lot Russon, Sen.;
was ordained a deacon and a
teacher by his father; was or-
dained an elder by Lot Rus-
son, Sen., in July, 1889; and a
seventy April 20, 1904, by Presi-
dent Seymour B. Young. He
filled a mission in England from
1894 to 1896, als'i a mission to
Colorado in 1899, returning in
1900. He has labored as a Sun-
day School teacher, superintend-
ent, and stake officer for
twenty-two years, and as a M.
1 A. officer and teacher for
welve years. He was secretary
of the deacons', elders', and sev-
enties' quorums for a number of
years, and was chosen and set
apart as one of the presidents of
the 68th quorum by President
Seymour B. Young September 9,
1900. He has labored as such
from that date to the present,
now being the senior president
of the quorum. He was city
recorder of Lehi in 1898 and
1899, and a school trustee from
1907 to 1910, mayor of Lehi in
1910 and 1911, and a member of
the tenth session of the Utah
Legislature in 1913.
He is a director in the State
Bank of Lehi and has been since
its incorporation; has been em-
ployed in various occupations;
but is at present engaged in the
real estate business and farm-
ing.
He was married in the Salt
Lake temple March 24, 1897, to
Rachel Ann Webb, and is the
father of the following named
children: Ethel, Edward W.,
Hannah Pearl, John W., Owen
W., Glen W., and Emma Ann.
EDWIN STANDRING.
Edwin Standring, a son of
James and Mary Standring, was
born April 27, 1828, in Oldham,
Lancashire, England. He was
baptized into the Church of Je-
sus Christ of Latter-day Saints
March 4, 1848, in Oldham, and
emigrated to Utah in 1853. In
1857 he came to Lehi and in
1858 was in the Echo Canyon
War. In 1862, the high water
year, he went back to the Mis-
souri River after the Church im-
migration, driving an ox-team
all the way.
On the 28th of November.
432
HISTORY OF LEHI.
1862, he was ordained a seventy
and in the fall of 1876, went on a
short mission to the states, re-
turning in May, 1877. In 1884,
he was ordained a high priest
and chosen as Second Counselor
to Bishop Thomas R. Cutler.
On the 3rd of June, 1859, he
married Rebecca Smith; she
never had any children, but later
in life she adopted Alice Bahr
(Mrs. Henry Moroni Royle, Jr.)
On the 14th of February, 1864,
lie married Elizabeth Dixon who
bore him one son who lived but
six days; the mother died in De-
cember, 1867.
On the 28th of February, 1878,
he married Ann Cutler, who be-
came the mother of a girl and
boy. The girl died in infancy
and the boy is John Edwin.
Mary Ann died July 13, 1900.
On the 8th of November, 1888,
Mr. Standring was summond to
Provo on a charge of cohabita-
tion. He was discharged and on
the way home caught a severe
cold which turned to pneumonia,
causing his death November 20,
1888.
REBECCA S. STANDRING.
Rebecca Smith Standring, the
wife of Edwin Standring, was
born in North Hampton, North
Hamptonshire, England, Febru-
ary 20, 1828. She was the
daughter of William Smith and
Charlotte Ford, being the fourth
child in a family of ten children.
It can truthfullv be said of Mrs.
Standring that she forsook all
for the gospel's sake, for having
accepted the doctrines as taught
by the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints, in company
with two sisters, she emigrated
to America in 1855, leaving a
husband who afterward followed
her to Salt Lake City, and tried
to persuade her to return to
England with him. During her
stay in Salt Lake City, she lived
with the mother of Apostle An-
thony Ivins and in the "Move"
went south with the Saints. Af-
ter the people returned to their
homes, she came to Lehi to visit
her sister and met Edwin Stand-
ring to whom she was married
June 3, 1859, by James W. Tay-
lor.
Mrs. Stjafidring was refined
and cultured, with queenly dig-
nity, a natural leader and en-
dowed with good practical
sense. Being deprived of the
privilege of motherhood, she
took a promiment part in the
public affairs of the community.
During the early sixties' she was
one of the leading stars in the
pioneer Home Dramatic As-
sociation and when the Sunday
School was organized in 1866
she was the first lady teacher
called to aid in this noble work.
For thirty years she was one of
the most prompt and efficient
teachers in the school until com-
pelled by stress of other duties
to resign. For a number of
years she was stake aid in the
Primary Association in the old
BIOGRAPHICAL.
433
Utah Stake and has labored for
three months in each of the fol-
lowing temples: St. George,
Manti, and Salt Lake.
At the organization of the Re-
lief Society in Lehi, October 28,
1868, she was chosen secretary
and served in this capacity un-
til the resignation of President
Sarah Coleman, October 2, 1879,
when she was selected as the
president of the society. On July
28, 1901, the well merited honor
of presiding over the Relief So-
cieties of the Alpine Stake was
conferred upon her by the Stake
Presidency. She faithfully per-
formed the duties of this respon-
sible calling until October 26,
1913, when through age and ill
health she was honorably re-
leased.
In the Relief Society Mrs.
Standring found ample scope for
her talents as leader, and spirit-
ual advisor and through her wise
management the organization
was brought to a high point of
efficiency. Her works will long
be held in grateful remembrance
by her devoted sisters.
JOHN STEWART.
John Stewart was born in
Chester Town, Kent County,
Maryland, September 27, 1827.
His parents died when he was
quite small, so he was raised by
his uncle and aunt, Arthur and
Julianne Merit. Very little is
known of his early life except
that he joined the Mormon
Church, being baptized in the
Missouri River in the dead of
winter; he came to Utah some-
time before 1851.
Lydia M. Rolfe Stewart was
born in Rumford, Oxford Coun-
ty, Maine December 26, 1831.
Her father and mother joined
the Mormon Church when she
was quite young and moved to
Kirtland, Ohio, where her fath-
er worked on the Kirtland tem-
ple. In 1836, they moved to Far
West, and in 1838, they settled
JOHN STEWART.
LYDIA M. STEWART.
in Clayton, Illinois. When the
old town of Commerce was pur-
chased by the Church and the
name changed to Nauvoo, the
434
HISTORY OF LEHI.
father secured a city lot and in
1839 moved his family there.
They lived in Nauvoo to see
the temple finished and endured
all the persecutions of that time.
In 1846, they crossed the Mis-
sissippi River and started for
the west. They crossed the
plains in the company of which
A. O. Smoot was captain of KM
and Samuel Rolfe was captain
i i:i. 1 hey arrived in Salt Lake
City, September 16, 1847, and on
the 12th of February 1851, Lydia
was married to John Stewart by
lieber C. Kimball.
In response to a call from
President Young they left for
California a week after their
marriage and settled in San Ber-
nardino. In 185S they were re-
called by President Young, when
they returned to Utah, locating
in Heaver. In 1861 the family
moved to Camp Floyd and in
1868 they came to Lehi. where
they have since resided.
Mr. Stewart was a carpenter
and builder and during the years
of his residence in Lehi helped
to build many of the residences
and other structures. He died
July 12, 1895. and was followed
by his wife November 26, 1912.
The family consisted ol
children as follows: Arthur
Merit, James, Harriet Elizabeth
(.Mr-. Alonzo Rhodes), Juli-
anne (Mr>. Edward Karren ).
John. Jr., Henry T., Harry
Jasper, Margaret, Benjamin, and
Samuel.
WILLIAM W. TAYLOR.
William Whitehead Taylor
was born in Tetlow Fold, Old-
ham. Lancashire, England, De-
cember 12, 1828, being the
youngest of the seven children
of Samuel and Sarah White-
head Taylor. He had little ed-
ucation, but was fond of books
and -pent most of his evenings
a' home reading.
lie was converted to the
Mormon faith by his brother,
James, who presided over the
Oldham Conference, and sailed
for America September 5, 1849,
on the ship "Berlin." During
the voyage, cholera broke out
and in twenty day- forty-five
deaths occurred. lie landed at
Yew Orleans and proceeded Up
lie river to St. Louis, where
he was met by his brothers.
James and Thomas, who had
left England the previous year.
For two and one-half years he
lived at Council Bluffs and suf-
fered much at times for want
of food. On the 6th of April,
1852, Mr. Taylor started for
Utah in Isaac Bullock's com-
pany While on the plains, he
became lost and was found by
an Indian, who took him to the
Indian encampment and treated
him kindly. This hospitable
red skin had his squaw pro-
vide food for the white man'?
supper, also skins for a bed. and
the next morning conducted him
to his own company, also re-
turning two horses which had
BIOGRAPHICAL.
43:
strayed away. The company
reached Salt Lake City, Septem-
ber 25, 1852.
For a year Mr. Taylor lived in
Salt Lake City, helping to build
the Fifteenth Ward school-
house, and to excavate for the
temple, whose corner stone he
saw laid and dedicated. In Oc-
tober, 1853, he moved to Lehi,
where he has since led a busy
and industrious life. For a
time he followed farming, tak-
ing the Fotheringham farm on
shares, later becoming the own-
er of this and several other val-
uable pieces of real estate. In
connection wiith his brother
Thomas he founded the mer-
cantile firm of T. and W. Taylor,
which conducted the first store
in Lehi. During the latter years
o.f his life, he engaged in the
dairying business.
In 1853, he married Nannie
Standring, who was born in
Layton, Lancashire, England,
July 24, 1826, being the daughter
of James and Mary Halliwell
Standring; and four years later
he married Charlotte E. Leg-
gett, a daughter of Conrad and
Louisa Leggett, who was born
October 9, 1837, in Ohio, and
who was the mother of five chil-
dren. In May, 1855, he was a
member of the White Mountain
expedition and from the spring
of 1869 to the fall of 1870. was
absent upon a mission to Eng-
land, where he labored as travel-
ing elder in the Manchester con-
ference, and afterward presided
successively over that and the
Leeds conference. He returned
home on account of ill health.
He was secretary of the Lehi
Dramatic Association, the pio-
neer dramatic organization, and
one of the leading players. He
was at one time a member of
the City Council and also con-
nected with the local military
organization. Although he pre-
ferred a quiet life and was never
much of a public man, vet he
was one of the staunch and
sturdy men of the community,
ever ready to help in every
worth cause.
Charlotte E. L. Taylor died
February 20, 1909.
Nannie S. Tavlor died June
15, 1913.
Wm. W. Tavlor died Noverr
ber 17. 1907.
SAMUEL R. TAYLOR.
Samuel Rogers Taylor, son of
James Taylor and Ann Rogers,
was born August 11. 1840 in
Oldham. Lancashire, England.
When eight years of age, he,
with his parents, left England
and came to this country The
winter of 1848 he lived in New
Orleans and in the spring of
1849, he moved to St. Louis
where he lived until 1851. At
that time they moved to Paduca.
Kentucky. After two years they
returned to St. Louis.
Early in the spring of 1853.
he and his parents started for
Utah, arriving in Salt Lake early
436
HISTORY OF LEHI.
in September, shortly afterwards
he came to Lehi, where he has
since made his home.
During 1855 and 1856, he
helped build the old Meeting
House.
On November 1. 1861, he mar-
ried Martha Ann Fox. They
were one of the first three coup-
les from Lehi to be married in
the Endowment House in Salt
Lake City.
In 1866, he was called to San-
pete County, where he served
about 60 days in the Black Hawk
War.
He has served in nearly every
public office, having been elected
first as captain of police in 1871.
From 1879 to 1880 he was alder-
man; 1881, 1882, 1885, 1886 was
city councilor; 1889, 1890 he was
Mayor; 1898, 1899, 1902, 1903 he
was again a member of the
Council.
In addition to these he served
two terms as Justice of the
Peace; and one term as deputy
assessor. He was a charter
member of the Lehi Brass Band,
also the old Enough Band,
being a member of these organ-
izations for about 20 years.
He followed the blacksmith
trade for many years until his
health became impaired after
which he engaged in farming.
He died September 1. 1911.
MARTHA A. F. TAYLOR.
Martha Ann Fox, wife of
Samuel Rogers Taylor, was born
in Sheffield. Yorkshire, Eng-
land, July 11, 1844, and was the
daughter of Isaac W. and Mar-
gret Ann Slinn Fox. She be-
became a member of the Church
of Jesus Christ of Latter-day
Saints July 11, 1853, at the age
of nine vears. During the years
1857, 1858, and 1859, she lived
with her parents in Scotland,
where her father was president
of the Scotch Mission.
On May 1. 1860, with her par-
ents, she emigrated to Utah,
crossing the plains with ox
teams. They arrived in Salt
Lake City, October 6, 1860, and
a week later they moved to Lehi,
where they have since resided.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
437
On November 1 1861, she
married Samuel R. Taylor in the
Endowment House, Salt Lake
City. She has been an active
worker in many lines. With her
husband she labored in the first
Old Folks Committee for many
years. She has been prominent
in political activities and took a
leading part in many public fes-
tivities. At present she is a mem-
of the presidency of the Re-
lief Society of the First Ward.
. She has raised a large and re-
spectable family. The names of
her children are: Samuel, James,
Ebenezer, William, Isaac,
Thomas, Alfred. Margaret, Rob-
ert, Charles Slinn, Birdie (Mrs.
Thomas R. Cutler, Jr.) Ira,
Leon, Ethel (Mrs. Douglas
Scully), and Herbert.
DANIEL S. THOMAS.
Daniel Stilhvell Thomas was
burn March 17, 1805, in Sumner
County, Tenessee, and died June
27, 1878. His wife, Martha Pane
Jones Thomas, was born Febru-
ary 20, 1808, in Sumner County,
Tennessee, and died September
5, 1885. They were living in Cal-
away County. Kentucky, when
Wilford Woodruff went on his
first mission, holding the office
of priest, and they were among
his first converts.
They emigrated to Missouri
in 1837, lived one year, built a
house, and raised crops, when
the Saints were driven from Mis-
souri. They then had five chil-
dren. They were among the
early settlers of Nauvoo and
there built a house and lived, and
chiefly worked on the temple,
their oldest son, Morgan, learn-
ing the stone cutting business
there, commencing on the foun-
dation and working on the Cor-
inthian caps, which were on the
tops of the pillars. They were
among the last driven from Nau-
voo in February. 1846. That sum-
mer they lived in Iowa and then
moved to Winter Quarters for
MARTHA P. JONES THOMAS.
the winter. When the Church
left Winter Quarters they moved
to Honey Creek, Iowa.
In the summer of 1849, they
438
HISTORY OF LEHI.
crossed the plains to Utah, lived
in Salt Lake City until 1856, then
moved to Lehi where they lived
until their death.
Father Thomas served the
public as school trustee, and
built the first Lehi school house,
the Thurman Building. He was
president of the high priests
quorum. He was a great worker
and took a full share in fenc-
ing the first fields and making
the first water sections.
Mother Thomas was counselor
to Sister Coleman Evans, first
president of the Relief Society,
and an active worker in that
body. She was a great weaver
and clothed her family well in
their home-made cloth.
The children of Daniel Still-
well Thomas and Martha Pane
Thomas are:
Morgan Milican Thomas,
Matilda Ann Thomas; married
Israel Evans.
Malinda Stillwell Thomas;
married Alexander Loveridge.
Isaac Thomas,
Emma Smith Thomas; mar-
ried John Woodhouse.
Joseph Alma Thomas: mar-
ried Mary Ellen Lawrence.
Daniel White Thomas; mar-
ried Mary Asliton.
Martha Jane Thomas: mar-
ried Newal Brown.
Sarah Phylinda Thomas; mar-
ried Arthur Stewart.
John Jones Thomas: married
Myra Clark.
John Woodhouse.
GEORGE W. THURMAN.
George William Thurman, son
of William Thomas Thurman
and Mary Margaret Brown
Thurman, was born August 11,
1843, in Larue County, Ken-
tucky. His father died when he
was eight years of age. He was
the oldest of four children, three
boys and one girl. He spent
his boyhood in Kentucky, work-
ing on the farm during the sum-
mer and attending -the public
schools during the winter.
In the spring of 1860, during
the agitation that finally culmin-
ated in the Civil War, he was a
member of the Kentucky Home
Guard, organized for the pur-
pose of protecting the citizens of
the community. In 1862, when
General Bragg, followed by Gen-
eral Buell, made his famous raid
through the state, he was called
upon to carry a dispatch from
Buell to Nelson at Louisville, a
distance of seventy miles. Al-
though about twenty miles of
the distance he was traveling
with Bragg's soldiers, he was
not apprehended.
From 1863 to 1864, he attended
the high school in Hardin Coun-
ty. In March, 1864, he started
in company with several young
men overland for California. He
reached Salt Lake City during
the summer and remained there
a short time working for Bishop
Hunter. From there he went to
Nevada and worked for Len
Wines on the overland stage
BIOGRAPHICAL.
439
lines. Sometime in 1865, he was
transferred to Fairfield in Cedar
Valley, Utah. He became ac-
quainted in Cedar Fort and ob-
tained a position as teacher in
the schools there.
In 1866 he married Catherine
Rodeback. That same year he
went to San Pete as a soldier in
the Black Hawk War. In 1868,
and 1869, he taught school in
Lehi. In the spring of 1869, he
went to Kentucky and brought
his mother and her family out
to Utah. The same autumn he
was again employed in school
teaching in Cedar Fort. He re-
turned to Lehi in the summer of
1870. and taught school until De-
cember 24, 1871. On that date
he was shot by a ruffian while
he was preparing a Christmas
tree for his school and his death
occurred the same day.
LUKE TITCOMB.
Luke Titcomb. a pioneer of
1852, was a native of Donning-
ton, Berkshire. England, born
March 3. 1832. a son of William
rind Mary Atkins Titcomb.
The father and mother joined
the Mormon Church very soon
after the introduction of the gos-
1 el into England and with their
family emigrated to America in
1841. locating in Nauvoo, Illi-
nois, passing through the per-
secutions and drivings of those
days in common with the rest of
the Saints. They crossed the
plains in 1849, in Ezra T. Ben-
son's company, arriving in Salt
Lake City on the 31st of Oc-
tober.
The next three years were
spent in Cottonwood and in
1852 the family moved to Lehi,
where Luke has since resided.
His parents soon moved back
to Salt Lake City. The father
died soon after, but the mother
lived to a ripe old age. On Jan-
uary 26. 1854, Luke married
Lydia Jane Tanner, a capable
woman and a member of a well
known and very numerous
family in Utah. They have
raised a very large family and
have passed through all the try-
ing scenes of early days in Lehi.
Mr. Titcomb was one of the
builders of the fort wall in 1854;
worked on the Meeting House in
1855: and was a member of the
company of infantry sent to the
scene of action in the Echo
Canyon War in 1857. being the
cook for the company of ten of
which William Clark was cap-
tain.
To support his family, he has
been a tiller of the soil and for
a number of years he was jani-
tor of the old Meeting House.
His wife was a kind, generous,
woman, ever ready to help those
in distress. She was the moth-
er of fourteen children. She
died October 31. 1897: Luke Tit-
comb died November 24, 1913.
The following children grew
up to maturity:
Mary Jane, CMrs. Thomas
Gray): Joseph L., Rebecca (Mrs.
440
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Tin una- Jones); Mahonri, Ruth
(.Mrs. John Jackson); Naomi S.
(Mrs. Thomas Powers); Eunice,
(Mrs. Lott Russon, Jr.): Helen
E. (Mrs. Heber C. Comer);
Preston; Florence.
THOMAS F. TRANE.
"I was born February 4, 1846,
in Lemvig, Jutland, Denmark,
my father's name being Andreas
Peter Trane and my mother's
was Margrethe Nielson. When
six years of age, I was nearly
drowned in a pond, but managed
to crawl out. I lived with my
grandmother until I was eight
years of age, when I went to
my father in Copenhagen, go-
ing all the way from Aalberg in
the steamer alone. I was bap-
tized March 17. 1858, by Elder
Lars Matthiasen, and confirmed
the following day by Niels Wil-
hclmsen.
"When fourteen years of age,
T started for Utah with Carl
Wideberg. I left Copenhagen
May 2, 1860; crossed the At-
lantic in the sailing vessel "Wil-
liam Tapscott:" drove an ox
team across the plains in Cap-
tain Nephi Johnson's company:
and arrived in Salt Lake City
October 5, 1860. coming to Lehi
October 12. 1860. where I re-
sided for fifty two years.
'"The first two summers in
Lehi. T herded sheep and went
to school about four weeks each
winter. Tn the summer of 1862,
which is known as the high wa-
ter year, I was washing sheep
in Utah Lake near Pelican Point
when Hyrum, the son of Bishop
Evans, was drowned. I was
sent to Lehi with the news, and
I ran all the way from the Point
to Jordan Ferry, two miles north
of the bridge, which was under
water, procured a horse at Ter-
rey's and met the Bishop be-
tween American Fork and Pleas-
ant Grove. We immediately re-
tured, but the body of Hyrum
Evans was never found.
"In the summer of 1864, I
hauled freight out west on Brig-
ham Young's contract with Ben
Eldredge and the Wells Fargo
Stage Line. April 28, 1866, I
went back after the church im-
migration, driving four yoke of
oxen to the Missouri river and
back to Utah, reaching Salt
Lake City, September 17, 1866.
I brought a family from Cal-
cutta in my wagon, the woman
being a Hindoo of high caste.
She was a lovely woman, but
could hardly walk, as her feet
had been pinched after the man-
ner of the Chinese. She could
not stand the climate and died
three weeks after reaching Utah.
"In the summer of 1857, I was
called to Sanpete to protect the
settlers from the Indians who
were on the warpath under
Chief Black Hawk. I served
about a month on this expedi-
tion. After forty years, I re-
ceived a medal for services ren-
dered. On the 8th of Decem-
ber. 1867, I started for San
BIOGRAPHICAL.
441
Pedro, California, with a ten
horse team and two wagons
after freight which was brought
down the coast in small schoon-
ers. On the way down we left
grain enough in a lone house
at Las Vegas to last us back
to the settlements. We arrived
at San Bernardino January 17,
1868, and after crossing the
deserts of Arizona and Nevada,
I thought the San Bernardino
valley was paradise itself. We
went down to Los Angeles, a
city at that time of 2500 inhab-
itants, half of whom were Mex-
icans and Spaniarads. There
were only tw or three ranches
between San Bernardino and
Los Angeles and one ranch
from the latter place to San
Pedro. We left San Pedro
March 12, and arrived in Lehi
May 16, 1868.
"I started right off for Fort
Laramie and worked on the rail-
road which was coming west as
fast as men and money could
push it. I stayed until Christ-
mas, working as far west as
Echo and Weber canyons. I
came home January 25, and was
married to Eliza Howes in
March, 1869. I went back to
work on the railroad at Prom-
ontory and was there when the
golden spike was driven by
Senator Stanford of California.
The camp at the Promontory
was composed of the roughest
men I have ever seen.
"I went up Bingham Canyon
and worked for awhile at one
of the first placer mines in the
canyon. In 1871, I tended stage
stock at the Half Way house for
Gilmore and Salsbury, and in
July of that year commenced to
THOMAS F. TRANE.
work for Bishop Evans as a
clerk in the Lehi Union Ex-
change, continuing until Decern
ber 15, 1879, when I started out
as traveling salesman and intro-
duced the Studebaker wagons.
My territory covered Utah, parts
of Idaho, Arizona, and Wyom-
ing. In 1882, with Augustus
Powell I started a small mercan-
tile business near the Denver &
Rio Grande depot in Lehi, which
I sold in 1894, on account of the
Teasdale failure in Salt Lake
442
HISTORY OF LEHI.
City. I next clerked for the
People's Co-operative Institu-
tion for a few years and on April
7, 1896, was ordained a seventy
and sent on a mission to Cali-
fornia by way of Portland, Ore-
gon. I labored in San Francisco,
'Sacramento, Los Angeles, and
San Diego, returning home in
September, 1897. During the last
few years, I have been traveling
salesman for the knitting fac-
tory in Lehi and in 1912 moved
to American Fork."
Mr. Trane has led a very ac-
tice life; has been a member of
the City Council several times;
a member of the School Board;
and one of the first officers of
the Young Men's Mutual Associ-
ation in 1875. He has traveled
much in the west; was present at
the World's Fair at Chicago and
St. Louis; and altogether has
been a progressive, industrious,
and useful citizen.
He has four daughters living:
Jean C. (Mrs. William Chip-
man), Haydee (Mrs. William
Thornton). Lulu M. (Mrs. Dr.
II. E. Robinson), and Lexia M..
(Mrs. Lawrence Briggs.)
and a little sister of whom the
last named was buried on the
plains. She came in the sail-
ing vessel "Ellen Maria," landed
in New Orleans and proceeded
up the river to Keokuk.
She crossed the plains with
an ox team in Claudius Spen-
cer's company, arriving in Salt
Lake City in October, 1853, be-
^a
kit
%
ELIZA M. TRANE.
Eliza Maria Howe- Trane,
daughter of Henry and Eliza
Howes, was born May 30, 1849,
in Norwich, Norfolk, England.
She emigrated to Utah, leaving
England in January, 1853, with
her father, mother, grandmother
ELIZA M. TRANE.
ing nine months on the way. She
lived in Salt Lake City for one
year, moved to Lehi where her
father, who was a bricklayer,
helped to build the Meeting
House and took an active part
in the building up of Lehi. Be-
ing a man of means, he also
BIOGRAPHICAL.
443
assisted in bringing others to
Utah.
Sister Trane had a brother
and sister born under very try-
ing circumstances; it was dur-
ing the grasshopper war. when
money could not buy a comfort
on earth, as it was not here.
She attended the school taught
by Mrs. Bassett and later taught
by Charles D. Evans. As wo-
men and girls in those days
worked in the fields, she took
her part, hauling and stacking
hay and grain, digging potatoes
and hauling sage brush for tuel.
Furthermore, she worked many
days killing grasshoppers; spun
and colored yarn for her own
dresses and performed other
work of this kind.
She is the mother of 8 chil-
dren, 2 boys and 6 girls and at
the present writing is the
grandmother of 13 grand-
children. She was a teacher in
the Relief Society for 12 years
before moving to American
F<.rk.
William Witched, at Hanover
church. She died at Lehi Jan-
uary 2'?, 1893.
In 1858, he emigrated to Utah,
his wife following three years
later. In 1859, he located in
MICH AFX VAUGHN.
MICHAEL VAUGHAN.
Michael Vaughan, a son of
William Vaughan. was born Oc-
tober 11, 1823. in the parish
of Dinister, Monmouthshire.
Wales, and was a coal miner by
occupation. He was baptized a
member of the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints in
Blana. June 11. 1850, and on
April 16. 1854. was married to
Jane Witchell. a daughter of
Lehi and for several years was
employed by Bishop Evans, but
it was not long before he se-
cured some land and com-
menced farming for himself.
His principal occupation during
the remainder of his life was
tilling the soil. For eighteen
years he was a dealer in coal,
his stand being located near the
D. & R. G. depot and for a num-
ber of years he was agent for
farm machinery.
444
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Mr. Vaughan was an earnest
church worker and during his
er.tire sojourn in Lehi was a
faithful and efficient member of
tlie clmir and was seldom absent
from his place among the
bassos. For main- years he was
a devoted Sunday School work-
er and block teacher; for a num-
ber of years presided over the
priests quorum and in this
position won the love and re-
spect of the young men of the
organization.
JANE M. VAUGHN.
On May 6, 1863, he married
Jane Mariah Brain, a daughter
of Thomas and Mariah Brain
who was born May 1, 1841, in
I'.ambury. Oxfordshire, England.
Her parents being members of
the Mormon Church, she was
baptized when eight years of
age and emigrated to Utah in
1862, crossing the plains in
Homer Duncan's company, com-
ing direct to Lehi where she
had a sister living. To this un-
ion were born nine children,
three of whom died in infancy;
the others are: Mariah Brain
(Mrs. Mark Austin), Michael
Thomas, (deceased), William
Henry, Emily Jane (deceased),
George Isaac, and Eleazer (de-
ceased.) Mr. Vaughan died
February 21, 1893.
GEORGE WEBB.
The subject of this sketch,
George Webb, was born at Stud-
ham, Bedfordshire, England,
May 6. 1839. He is the third son
of William Webb and Emma
Stokes Webb. His early life was
spent on a farm and working in
a Hour mill. In the year 1856,
he joined the Mormon Church.
In March, 1861, he was called
on a mission by Elias Black-
burn and assigned to labor in
the Norwich conference, where
he worked for 3 years and 3
months. In 1864, he married Ju-
lia Cushing.
On June 3, with his father's
family, he left England for Utah,
sailing on the ship "Hudson."
They were six weeks on the
sea. On the plains his wife died.
They arrived in Salt Lake City
November 2, of the same year.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
445
After staying there a few days
thej came to Lelii where he has
resided ever since.
On May 30, 1865, he married
Mary Ann Ward. While living
m Lehi he has followed sev-
eral occupations; running flour
mills; working in American
Fork canyon; farming: running
the Lehi Banner, of which he
was one of the promoters and
finally editor and owner.
He has held the following of-
fices: attorney for Lehi City:
alderman; precinct justice; may-
or; member of the legislature;
delegate to two constitutional
conventions; school trustee for
19 years; Utah County com-
missioner; president Lehi Irri-
gation Company 10 years; and
director Utah Banking Com-
pany. At the present time, he is
vice president of the People's
Co-operative Institution and jus-
tice for Lehi City. He has also
held the following positions in
the Mormon Church: Assistant
Superintendent of Sunday
School; Assistant Superintendnt
Utah Stake Sunday school; one
of the presidents of the 127th
quorum of Seventy. His life
has been a busy one and he Ins
always stood for the buildm;:
up of Lehi.
MARY AXX W. WEBB.
Mary Ann Ward Webb,
daughter of Robert and Isabella
Watford Ward, was born at
Walpole, St. Peter's, Norfolk.
England, October 24, 1S40, and
j i >ined the Mormon Church in
November, 1851. Her early life
was spent on the farm with her
parents. When she was twenty-
one, she went bo London, where
she lived for three years. On
June 3. 1864. she and" her sister
"left London for Utah, sailing on
the ship, "Hudson," which land-
ed in New York on July 20.
From there they sailed up the
Hudson River to Albany, and
MARY AXX W. WEBB.
came thence by rail to the Mis-
souri River. They left the river
on August 12. crossing the plains
in Captain Snow's company,
walking much of the way. They
arrived in Salt Lake City on No-
446
HISTORY OF LEHI.
vember 3. She lived there until
May 30, 1865, when she married
George Webb and moved to
Lehi, where she has lived ever
since.
She is the mother of nine chil-
dren, seven of whom are living.
She has been a very active
worker in religious and secular
affairs and during a busy life has
filled the following positions:
member of Lehi choir for twen-
ty years, president of Primary,
Sunday School teacher for
thirty years, counselor in Pri-
mary Association, Relief Society
teacher, and first president of
Lehi branch of the Woman's
Suffrage Assc .nation. At present
she is stake board missionary in
the Relief Society. Besides her
public work she has done a great
deal of work among the sick in
her neighborhood, always being
ready to help in time of need.
The names of her children
are: Walter L., Bernard G., Ar-
thur F., Laura (Mrs..F. Salzner),
Angie (Mrs. C. L. Warnick),
Maud (Mrs. Jos. Glover), and
Dulcie (Mrs. J. L. Francom).
JOHN STOKES WEBB.
John Stokes Webb, who was
the son of William Webb, and
Emma Stokes, was born in
Whipsnade, Bedford. England,
on the 20th day of November,
1831. He was engaged as a
farm laborer until the time
of leaving 1m native land. His
father's family did not belong
to any denomination and when
in 1847, elders of the Church
came to Studham, his mother
and sister became converted to
the gospel. His father was
JOHN S. WEBB.
very bitter toward the elders and
made many threats against
them, but was finally persuaded
to go and hear them, and was
in due time converted and bap-
tized. John was baptized on the
17th day of April, 1848, and soon
after was ordained and sent out
as a traveling elder.
He was married to Hannah
Grace on February 18, 1854, in
Studham and. in company witli
BIOGRAPHICAL.
447
liis wife, left his home on March
10, 1854, for Liverpool, where
they were detained for nearly a
month and then set sail on the
steamship "Marshfield" in com-
pany with 366 other Saints under
the direction of William Taylor,
on April 8, 1854. After a long
and tiresome journey they ar-
rived in Salt Lake City in the
fall of 1854 He was engaged to
work for President Brigham
Young for one vear, coming to
Lelii in the fall" of 1855. His
family lived for the following
rive years in a dug-out on the
west side of what is now Block
18. Plat "A," Lehi City Survey
of building lots, where his three
oldest children were born. Food
and clothing being very scarce,
they endured many hardships in
the early history of Lehi. He
followed the occupation of farm-
ing and was quite successful in
this line. He was also a director
and general water master in the
Lehi Irrigation Company.
Mr. Webb was a block teacher
and a Sunday School worker for
a great many years and held the
office of a seventy at the time
of his death.
John Stokes Webb was a
strong Democrat, and was a
great student of history, being
familiar with the names of all the
Presidents and leading Senators
of the United States. He was the
father of nine children, a quiet,
unassuming man. and respected
by all. He died Tanuarv 27.
1899.
HANNAH GRACE WEBB.
Hannah Grace Webb, who
was the daughter of John Grace
and Sarah Mathews, was born
in Wipsnade, Bedfordshire, Eng-
land on the 9th day of May
1831. She, with other mem-
bers of her father's family, were
among the first to receive the
gospel in Bedfordshire and she
was baptized on April 19, 1846,
in Whipsnade, England. She
learned the art of braiding in
her girlhood and followed this
occupation until her marriage.
H A N N A H GR ACE W EBB.
selling the braid to the great
straw hat factories at Luton,
England. She was married to
448
HISTORY OF LEHI.
John S. Webb February 18, 1854,
in Studham, England, and be-
came the mother of nine chil-
dren; five sons and four daugh-
ters, their names being: Sarah
Emma Webb. ( who became the
wife of Wm. F. Gurney, she be-
ing now deceased^, John Wil-
liam Webb; George Grace
Webb, Hannah Elizabeth Webb,
(now Mrs. John Bone), Harriet
Jane Webb, (now Mrs. Samuel
A. Smith), Rachel Ann Webb,
(now Mrs. Edward Southwick),
all residing at Lehi, Utah; and
Oren James, Edwin David; and
W'ilsie Stokes, all of whom died
in Lehi before marriage. *
She passed through many
trying ordeals in the early his-
tory of Lehi. but was always
cheerful and faithful to every
trust and passed away Sunday,
April 24, 1904, at the age of 72
years, 11 months, and 14 days.
WILLIAM AND HARRIET
WEBB.
William Webb was- born Au-
gust 6, 1843, in the town of Stud-
ham, England. His father's
name was William Webb and
that of his mother Emma Stokes
Webb. Harriet Webb, wife of
William Webb, was born June
WILLIAM AND HARRIET WEBB.
BIOGRAPHICAL.
449
29, 1841, in Bedfordshire, Eng-
land. Her father's name was
John Grace and her mother's
name Sarah Mathews Grace.
William and Harriet were
married May 9, 1864, and left
London June 2 of the same year,
forsaking relatives, friends, and
a good home to come to Utah
for the sake of their religion.
They crossed the ocean in one
of the old time sailing vessels,
the "Hudson," which was six
weeks making the trip. They
came across the plains with ox
teams in 1864, William Webb
driving one of the teams all the
way. The wagons were loaded
so heavily with freight that his
good wife was compelled to
walk nearly the whole distance.
Their arrival in Lehi dated No-
vember 4, 1864, and they have
resided here ever since.
A family of twelve children
was born to this couple, ten boys
and two girls. They have always
been faithful members of the
Mormon Church.
Harriet Webb died November
5, 1911.
ROBERT JOHN WHIPPLE.
Robert John Whipple was
born in Salt Lake City Novem-
ber 13, 1869, and is a descendant
of old New England stock. His
father. Nelson Wheeler Whipple,
was born July 11, 1818, in San-
ford, Broom County, New York,
and belongs to the same family
as William Whipple, one of the
signers of the Declaration of In-
dependence. He came to Utah
in 1851. His mother, Susan Gay
Whipple, was born June 13, 1841,
in Dekalb, Kemper County,
Mississippi, and came to Utah
in 1850. She died September 29,
1911.
Until he was 16 years of age,
Robert John attended school in
the Nineteenth Ward Meeting-
house during the winter and in
the summer worked with his
father in Big Cottonwood Can-
R. JOHN WHIPPLE.
yon running a saw mill. His
father died July 5, 1887, when for
a number of years he worked at
the carpenter trade and contract
ing. In 1892 he came to Lehi to
450
HISTORY OF LEHJ.
work on the sugar factory, and
v as married to Susie Winn June
24, 1896. He labored as block
teacher in the ward and as as-
sistant to the bishop in the priest
quorum from 1898 to 1903, as
second assistant in the Sunday
school in 1902, as second coun-
selor in the presidency of the
Young Men's Mutual Improve-
ment Association from 1900 to
1903, and as president of the Y.
M. M. I. A. in 1903. When the-
Lehi Ward was divided, he was
selected as First Counselor to
Andrew Fjeld in the Bishopric
of the Lehi First Ward, which
position he still holds. In 1910
and 1911 he served as a member
of the City Council.
Mr. Whipple is one of Lehi's
progressive citizens, deeply in-
terested in the growth and wel-
fare of the community.
SUSIE WINN WHIPPLE.
Susie Winn Whipple, daughter
of ^William Henry Winn and
Martha Evans Winn, was born
in Lehi February 10, 1874. She
was baptized into the Church of
Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints
at the age of 8 years. During
girlhood she took an active part
in the social, religious, and polit-
ical affairs of the town. She was
graduated from the district
school with the first class re-
ceiving diplomas of graduation
in 1892. and then took a special
Sunday School and Mutual
course in the P.. Y. Academy.
She served as secretary in the
Y. L. M. I. A. for two years and
was for a number of years secre-
tary of the Democratic party.
She also acted as secretary of
the Woman's Suffrage Associa-
tion, with M. M. Gaddie as its
SUSIE W. WHIPPLE.
president. She assisted in pass-
ing a petition to the State Leg-
islature asking for woman's
franchise, which was granted.
She was a delegate to the first
state convention of the Demo-
cratic party in 1896, held in Salt
Lake City. She was married.
June 24, 1896, to R. J. Whipple.
She is the mother of six chil-
dren, as follows: Ora, Winnie
Leath, Essie June, Byron John,
BIOGRAPHICAL.
451
Mildred, and Miriam, the latter
two being twins.
IRA J. WILLES.
Ira Jones Willes, son of
Eleazar and Achsah Jones
Willes, was born January 21,
1812. in New York. Ira joined
the Church of Jesus Christ of
Latter-day Saints in its early
history. He volunteered and
was enlisted as a private in
Company B of the Mormon Bat-
talion on July 13, 1846, and was
successful in making the long,
perilous journey to California.
After his arrival from the march
to California he was married at
Salt Lake City, May 13, 1849, to
Malissa Lott Smith, a young
widow of the Prophet Joseph
Smith. They moved to Lehi,
purchased a farm, and became
actively engaged in farming.
This he made his principal busi-
ness and became an incessant
worker as a pioneer.
He was killed while crossing
Dry Creek, by a load of wood
overturning and burying him in
the ice. together with his 9-year-
old son, Cornelius.
MALISSA LOTT SMITH
WILLES.
Malissa Lott Smith Willes,
daughter of Cornelius P. 'and
Permelia Darrow Lott, was born
January 9, 1824, in Luzerne
County, Pennsylvania. Her
parents were born in New York
and were staunch members of
the Church of Jesus Christ oi
Latter-day Saints. Malissa was
baptized into the Church at the
age of 14 years.
She was married to the
Prophet Joseph Smith Septem-
ber 20, 1843, by Hyrum Smith,
at Nauvoo. At this time she
was 19 years and 9 months of
age. She lived with the Prophet
until his death, which occurred
nine months after their mar-
riage.
MALISSA L. S. WILLES.
Malissa crossed the plains
with her parents one year fol-
lowing the arrival of the pio-
neers in Utah. She was mar-
ried to Tra Jones Willes May
452
HISTORY OF LEHI.
13, 1849, after his return from
the Mormon Battalion. She was
the mother of seven children, as
follows: Ira Pratt (deceased,),
Cornelius John (deceased), Ach-
sah Permelia (deceased), Polly
Malissa (Mrs. Wm. W. Clark),
Lyman Benjamin, Stephen
Eleazar, and Sarah Amanela
(.Mrs. Albert K. Mulliner).
She died July 13, 1898.
W. S. S. WILLES.
William Sidney S. Willes, son
of Eleazar and Achsah Jones
Willes, the sixth child of a fam-
ily of seven children, five sons
and two daughters, was born in
Jefferson County, New York,
March 18, 1819. His ancestors
in the direct line emigrated from
England to New England prior
to the Revolutionary War. He
and his brother, Ira, were the
cnly ones of his father's family
who joined the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints.
They were with the Mormons
when the call was made upon
the Church for a battalion of
men to go and fight in the war
with Mexico. They volunteered
and were mustered as privates
ir Company B of the Mormon
Battalion and made the long and
perilous journey overland to
California.
Arriving in California, Sidney,
as he was commonly called, se-
cured work at Sutter's Mill at
the time that gold was first
found there. Later, he dug gold
at the Mormon Island with the
Mormon boys. A great deal has
been said among his friends to
the effect that he was actually
the first discoverer of gold, in-
stead of James W. Marshal. The
facts as related by him to his
wife, and by her to the writer of
this sketch, are as follows:
He found some particles of
yellow metal and suspected their
true character, but decided to
say nothing until he could verify
his supicions, thinking he would
put them to the test after his
day's work was ended. In the
meantime Marshal had also
found some of the same metal
and confided his belief that it
was gold to Henry W. Bigler
and others, and thus the great
discovery was made known to
the world. Being urged, at dif-
ferent times, by his friends to
press his claim to the honor of
being the first discoverer of gold
ir California, he invariably an-
swered that he did not care for
the honor.
He was married April 23, 1852.
to Alzina L. Lott, daughter of
Cornelius P. and Permelia Dar-
row Lott, in Lehi, Brigham
Young performing the cere-
mony. They established their
home in Lehi, where were born
to them nine children, two sons
and seven daughters.
Their house was the first one
in Lehi with a board floor. With
the assistance of a man whom
he hired, he sawed the lumber
with a pit saw, first taking off a
BIOGRAPHICAL.
453
slab which he used for the roof,
next, a board for the floor, the
balance of the log was used in
the construction of the walls
with the sawed side inside.
March 10, 1855, he was com-
missioned, under the hand of
Governor Brigham Young, cap-
tain of Company A, Lehi Post,
of Utah Military district of the
Nauvoo Legion and of Utah
Militia, having been elected to
this office May 11, 1854.
On the organization of the
68th quorum of seventy, Novem-
ber 28, 1862, he was appointed
one of its presidents. April 13,
1863, he was called upon a mis-
sion to England and assigned to
labor in the Norwich district ; he
was absent nearly three years.
December 21, 1866, he was
elected Major of the Second
Regiment. First Brigade, Second
Division, Nauvoo Legion, Utah
Militia. This commission as
such was issued by Governor
Durkee March 27, 1868.
In the fall of 1866 he was sent
out to assist the immigrants and
was captain of a train of ox
teams which arrived in Salt
Lake City November 29 of that
year.
He participated in the various
Indian wars of the Territory ex-
cept the Black Hawk War, be-
ing absent in England during
the greater part of this war. He
took part in the Echo Canyon
War, 1857, and was captain of a
company which left Lehi to go
to the relief of settlers at Sal-
mon River. He brought the first
bees to Lehi, consisting of three
hives, one for himself and one
each for two other men. He was
several times elected to the City
Council of Lehi. Although his
opportunities for an education
were meagre he was an ardent
supporter of education.
Sidney Willes was a man well
adapted to pioneer a new coun-
try, because he was able to turn
his hand to almost any line of
work, being an excellent gun-
smith, carpenter, machinist, etc.
In fact, he was what is gener-
ally called a natural born genius.
He surveyed the Spring Creek
Ditch from the old mill pond to
the lower held and, not having a
spirit level he made one out of
a piece of wood with a groove
cut in the top which he filled
with water. This incident shows
his aptitude in contriving things
to meet an emergency. He-
made jewelry for his daughters
from the gold which he brought
from California. He could re-
pair any kind of machine from
a clock to a steam engine. He
fulfilled the admonition "What-
soever thy hand findeth to do, do
it well."
He was noted for his kindness
of heart, cheerfulness, generos-
ity, bravery and coolness in
times of great danger. These
qualities won for him the respect
and love of all who knew him.
He was of a modest, retiring dis-
position, never caring for promi-
nence or position among men;
454
HISTORY OF LEHI.
yet his strict integrity, mature
wisdom, and large experience
placed him in the front ranks
among his associates.
In the winter of 1870 and 1871,
while working as sawyer at a
mill in American Fork Canyon,
he was caught in the saw, which
resulted in injuries from which
he died February 3, 1871, cutting
short a useful career in the fifty-
second year of his age.
John S. Willes.
ALZINA LUCINDA WILLES.
Alzina Lucinda Willes, the
wife of Wm. S. S. Willes, was
born in Tunckhannock, Luzerne
County, Pennsylvania, March 4,
1834. She was the daughter of
Cornelius P. and Permelia Dar-
row Lott.
Her father's family joined the
Church of Jesus Christ of Lat-
ter-day Saints in 1838, moving
first to Ohio and thence. to Nau-
voo, Illinois, where as a girl
Sister Willes associated almost
daily with the Prophet Joseph
Smith. On account of her lively
disposition and her ability to
catch the Prophet's horse when
no one else could do so, she be-
came a special favorite of the
Smith family.
She passed through the per-
secutions of Nauvoo and in 1848
crossed the plains, driving a
team composed of two cows and
two oxen the entire distance of
1,500 miles, arriving in Salt
Lake Valley September 24, 1848.
For two years after arriving
in Utah the family made their
home in Salt Lake City, where
her father died on the present
site of the Kenyon Hotel.
In 1851 she, with her mother
ALZIXA L. WILLES.
and family, moved to Lehi and
located on the shore of Utah
Lake, where on April 23, 1852,
she was married to William Sid-
ney Willes by President Brig-
ham Young, who was at that
time passing through Lehi on a
tour of the territory south.
When in 1852 the scattered
settlers surrounding Lehi were
called to move together for pro-
tection against the Indians,
Brother and Sister Willes
BIOGRAPHICAL.
455
moved into the town, where she
has since resided
In 1871 death deprived her of
her husband, leaving her with
the responsibility of a large
family of young children. Over
this family she exercised the in-
fluence of a loving mother and
bravely assumed the arduous
duties of a father as well.
She was the mother of nine
children, two boys and seven
girls. Two of the girls died in
infancy, the other children are
as follows: Mary Jane (Mrs.
Robert Gilchrist), William Sid-
ney, John Smith, Celestia (Mrs.
George P. Schow), Achsah Per-
melia (Mrs. Janus Schow), Abi-
gail (deceased), Florence (Mrs.
George N. Child, deceased).
Sister Willes possessed a
warm heart and her life was
full of service. • She died August
19, 1910.
JOHN WILLIAM WING.
The Wing family landed in
Boston in June, 1632, being de-
scendants of the Reverend John
Wing, a noted divine of Eng-
land.
John William Wing, son of
Matthias and Elizabeth Chino-
weth Wing, was born May 25,
1845, at Newbourgh, Pike Coun-
ty, Illinois. In 1862. in company
with an uncle, Dr. Joseph Smith
Wing, and an elder brother,
Samuel Joseph Wing, John
Wing started westward for the
gathering place of the Latter-
day Saints, having joined the
Church the same year. With
Louis Bruntson's independent
company Mr. Wing landed in
Salt Lake City August 29, 1862,
and moved the following Sep-
tember to Lehi.
JOHN WILLIAM WING.
Mr. Wing's life in Utah has
been an active one. The year
following his arrival, he an-
swered a call to join Peter
Nebeker's company to go to
Winter Quarters for Church im-
migration. The following four
years he made four trips to the
East for goods, making in all
eleven trips across the plains by
team. He was also active in
freighting in Utah and the
456
HISTORY OF LEHI.
neighboring states, making two
trips to Austin, Nevada, and two
trips to Montana.
In the early activities of the
first settlers Mr. Wing per-
formed an active part. He knew
what it was to make the roads;
to build the bridges; to clear the
sage; and to direct the mountain
MARTHA GOATES WING.
stream to the patches of grain
growing upon the thirsty soil; to
build and to occupy the log hut;
to place himself in defense of his
home and neighbors against the
intruding white man or the sav-
age Indian. Nor was his de-
fense confined to self or neigh-
bors, as he served valiantly in
the war against the fearless war-
riors of the noted Black Hawk.
Mr. Wing married Martha
Goates October 11, 1868, moving
directly to Heber City, becom-
ing one of the prominent set-
tlers for the following fifteen
vears, at the close of which time
he moved to Lehi, making his
home here up to the present
time.
Martha Goates Wing was
born in Cambridge, England,
June 12, 1848, emigrating to Utah
in 1852. She is the third child
of William and Susan Larkin
Goates.
JOHN WILLIAM WING, JR.
John William Wing, Jr., is the
son of John W. Wing, Sen., and
Martha Goates Wing. He was
born in Lehi, Utah, July 28,
1870. . For fifteen years he as-
sisted upon his father's farm in
Heber, Utah. During his early
life he developed an unusual
ability in handling responsibili-
ties and places of trust. Those
who knew him never hesitated in
leaving their greatest risks with
him and in some cases sent for
his assistance. ' From the time
he was 15 to the present he has
made his home in Lehi, Utah.
In the development of his
community he has always taken
a broad view. The needs of the
people with him were always
greater than self. 'This is illus-
tiated during the eighteen years
he conducted a livery and trans-
fer business by bringing into the
BIOGRAPHICAL.
457
north end of Utah County a
pure-bred Percheron stallion,
one of the best of his type. The
purchase and maintenance of the
JOHN WILLIAM WING, JR.
worthy enterprise were involved
in considerable difficulty, but the
greatest satisfaction came to Mr.
Wing in the knowledge of bet-
tering the conditions of his
neighbors and friends. In the
breeding of pure bred horses,
Mr. Wing is one of the pio-
neers.
Mr. Wing's strong personality,
his great desire to please and
serve the needs of those whom
he meets gave to him unusual
success for two years as a trav-
eling salesman and later four
years (his present occupation)
as special representative of the
Beneficial Life Insurance Com-
pany. His friends are numbered
throughout Utah, Idaho, and
Canada.
Mr. Wing is a strong adherent
of the Church of Jesus Christ
of Latter-day Saints. During his
boyhood he was a member of the
various Church organizations
acting for two years in the ca-
pacity of president of the Y. M.
MRS. j. w. WING, JR.
M. I. Association. He was set
apart January 31, 1905, for a mis-
sion to England, returning Jan-
uary 29, 1907. During this period
of two years he labored in the
458
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Liverpool Conference. For seven
years he was a member of the
presidency of the 68th quorum of
seventies, and acted in this ca-
pacity until he was called to the
position of counselor to Bishop
James H. Gardner of the Second
Ward of Lehi, June 22, 1913.
Mr. Wing married Rachel
Evans September 7, 1898. To
this marriage have been born
one son and three daughters.
Rachel Evans Wing is the
daughter of Bishop David Evans
and Margaret Christina Holm
Evans. She was born in Lehi
April 25, 1874. Seldom are peo-
ple united in marriage when
each perform so admirably the
duties of their calling.
WILLIAM H. WINN.
William Henry Winn, son of
John Winn and Christiana Finch
Winn, was born in the State of
Pennsylvania, Luzerne County,
township of Greenfield, June 30,
1833. He emigrated to Missouri
in 1837, and was driven to Illi-
nois in the Mormon expulsion of
18-38. He was baptized into the
Church of Jesus Christ of Lat-
ter-day Saints in the year 1842
at Nauvoo, Illinois. He emi-
grated to Utah in 1855. He was
married to Martha Evans,
daughter of Bishop David Evans
and Barbara Ann Ewell Evans,
October 20. 1859.
William H. Winn was an en-
ergetic worker in both the busi-
ness and the religious affairs of
the town and did much to im-
prove its general interests. He
was mayor of Lehi City three
terms and later represented
Utah County in the Legislature.
He accepted a call to labor as a
missionary, leaving his home
November 1, 1874, for the state
of New York, where he filled an
honorable mission. He accepted
a second call to the mission field
in October, 1879, laboring in the
MARTHA EVANS WINN.
state of Texas until he was re-
leased on account of ill health.
He served as captain in the
Black Hawk Indian war. He
served as counselor to Bishop
David Evans eleven years, and
later to Bishop Thomas R. Cut-
BIOGRAPHICAL.
459
Ier for five years, which position
he held at the time of his de-
mise.
He was taken suddenly with
appendicitis and died at his home
ia Lehi April 26, 1884, at the age
of 51 years, 9 months, and 26
days.
As a citizen he was cautious,
discreet and yet progressive. As
n man he was honest and upright
in his dealings, strictly temper-
ate in his habits, and hrm in his
convictions.
JOHN WOODHOUSE.
John Woodhouse, son of
Charles and Ann Long Wood-
house, was born July 21, 1830, at
Wickle Street, four miles north
of Doncaster, Yorkshire, Eng-
land. Both his father and grand-
father had been tailors by trade
so John took up this work when
he had left school at the age of
thirteen, learning the fun-
damental rules of reading, writ-
ing and arithmetic. When he
was eighteen he joined the
Methodist Church, but forsook
that denomination shortly after-
wards to become a Latter-day
Saint, his family soon follow-
ing him.
January 6, 1851, found the
Woodhouse family in Liver-
pool on their way to Utah.
Landing at New Orleans after
two months' voyage, they pro-
ceeded at once to Saint Louis
and after a year's stay there,
continued on to Council Bluff's.
By dint of much effort a wagon
was secured in which not only
the members of the family
but several other passengers
crossed the plains — altogether
seventeen passengers to one
wagon. September 10, 1852,
saw the company safely in Salt
Lake.
Hearing of the contemplated
erection of a sugar factory in
Provo, and hoping thereby to
obtain employment, John moved
to that place, but was disap-
pointed because the factory
never materialized. The suc-
ceeding months were spent in
Spanish Fork, Nephi and fin-
ally in Iron County. From here
he made various trips to the sur-
rounding country, including
New Mexico and the White
Mountains. Woodhouse's ser-
vices were in demand at this
time as surveyor for city lots
and ditches. From Iron County
he next moved to Beaver City.
where he served as bishop's
clerk. In 1862, he made a trip
to the Missouri to assist the
Church immigration.
In March, 1864, Woodhouse
came from Beaver to Lehi in
company with Daniel S. Thom-
as, whose daughter he had mar-
ried. After a number of years
he was called to go on a mis-
sion to England, leaving home
September 9, 1874. After two
years in Great Britian he re-
turned home, reaching Lehi.
June 11, 1876.
During his residence in Lehi.
460
HISTORY OF LEHI.
Mr. Woodhouse has filled the
following public offices: alder-
man, three terms; councilor,
two terms; justice of the peace,
one term; assessor for Lehi
lily; deputy county assessor
and collector, two terms; coun-
ty justice of the peace, four
terms. He has been associated
with the Lehi Irrigation Com-
pany since its organization, be-
ing one of the original incor-
porators, in fact.
In addition to his public
work, John Woodhouse has
rendered invaluable assistance
to his fellow-citizens in count-
less other ways. His great
versality has enabled him to act
at different times as doctor,
merchant, tailor, lawyer, en-
gineer, and lecturer. Added to
this, his remarkable memory has
made it possible for him to col-
lect and retain an immense fund
of information which he has
been willing always to use for
the education and assistance of
his fellows. Today at the ripe
old age of seventy-nine, his abil-
ity has not dimmed in the least
and his countless friends wish
yet to benefit by many more
years of his friendship.
JOHN WORLTON.
John Worlton, son of James
T. and Emma Martin Worlton,
was born September 14, 1846,
in Bath Sommershire, England.
He came to Utah with his
father's family when he was a
small lad and lived the first year
in Salt Lake City. From here
the family moved to East We-
ber, where they resided until
the "Move," when they joined
with other settlers in 1858, and
JOHN WORLTON.
moved to Spanish Fork. The
next migration of the family
was to Camp Floyd, where after
a short stay, they moved in 1860,
to Lehi, which became ther per-
manent home.
As a boy, John entered with
spirit into the work and play
which was characteristic of
those pioneer days in Utah. He
spent several years of his early
life hauling produce from Utah
BIOGRAPHICAL.
461
into various places in Nevada
and Montana. He made two
trips by ox team from Utah to
the Missouri river for the pur-
pose of bringing European im-
migrants to Utah. When the
Black Hawk war and other In-
dian troubles threatened the
peace and safety of the peo-
ple, he enlisted and served his
country with honor.
In 1869, he married Elizabeth
Bone, by whom he had three
children. His wife died in 1874,
and on February 20, 1877, he
married Anna Bronelson by
whom he had eleven children.
One of his prominent charac-
teristics was his interest in ed-
ucation. His own being neglec-
ted, he resolved to make every
effort to educate his children
His labors in this direction met
with unusual success.
He was actively engaged in
the religious activities of the
community and worked unceas-
ingly for the general good.
Perhaps the work of his life
which was most characteristic
of the man was his persistent
activity in the relief of suffer-
ing. In case of contagious dis-
eases, of deaths where help was
to be had, he often risked his
life in extending the helping
hand. His life exemplified the
admonition of the Savior, "What
soever ye would that men should
do to you, do ye even so to
them."
He died December 3, 1906.
ANNA B. WORLTON.
Anna Bronelson Worlton, wife
of John Worlton, was born in
Aarhuus, Denmark, March 16,
1859, and spent the early part
of her life in her native land.
She joined the Church of Jesus
Christ of Latter-day Saints, and
with her mother came to Utah
in 1876, and settled in Lehi.
ANNA BRONELSON WORLTON.
She was married to John
Worlton, February 20, 1877, and
became the mother of eleven
children, nine of whom survive
her.
She died April 20, 1902.
Her life was one of personal
sacrifice for the good of others.
She entered with enthusiasm in-
462
HISTORY OF LEHI.
to the activities of various or-
ganizations, both civic and re-
ligious, for the general social
v tlfare, and worked unceasingly
to make of her home an ideal
environment for her children.
JOHN ZIMMERMAN.
Another old pioneer and one
who resided in Lehi fifty-six
years, was John Zimmerman.
He was born October 3, 1820,
in Washington county, Mary-
land. His parents were George
Gottlob and Julian Hoke Zim-
merman.
His father was an accomp-
lished man, being a school
teacher. He taught English,
French, and German as well as
several other subjects. When
lie was two years of age, his
parents moved to Franklin
county, Pennsylvania and in
1M3. to the northern part of
Illinois, and three years later
to Garden Grove.
John Zimmerman received a
fair education, and, having an
aptitude for farming, he fol-
lowed that occupation at the
expiration of his school days.
His parents joined the Mormon
Church and naturally went to
Utah. John followed a year
later.
He was married September 21,
1850. to Harriet Laura Lamb,
and became the father of eleven
children, namely: George Eras-
tus, Harriet Abigail (Mrs. H. M.
Royle), Louisa Emmeline, (Mrs.
A. J. Evans), Margaret, (Mrs
E A. Bushman), Polly Ann,
(Mrs. David Losee), Elizabeth,
(Mrs. Isaac Fox); Julia Ann,
(Mrs. George F. Southwick),
John, Charles, Wilson, Suel, and
Robert.
Mr. Zimmerman left Garden
Grove, Iowa, June 1, 1852. He
traveled along the Platte River
under the command of Captain
James C. Snow. His cousin and
father-in-law died from cholera
while journeying to Utah, other-
wise the journey was unevent-
ful. He reached Utah during
the last week in September, 1852,
and located in Lehi. Being one
of the first settlers, he helped
build the first fort. He became
a member of the Church in 1856,
after having associated with the
Saints for ten years.
He held many ecclesiastical,
military, and public offices. In
1857, he was ordained a member
of the Forty-fourth quorum of
seventy, and was later a mem-
ber of the high priests' quorum.
He was also ward teacher from
1868 to 1894. From 1864 to 1868,
he was adjustant of infantry in
the Utah Militia, and from 1868,
was adjuant of cavalry until it
was disbanded. In public life
he figured as an alderman, 1861-
1862, and councilor for Lehi,
1871-1872. He was constable at
Garden Grove, Iowa, from 1842-
1852. He was also one of the
first police in Lehi, and from
1856-1862 he was supervisor of
roads. He aided in the con-
BIOGRAPHICAL.
463
slruction of the first telegraph
line in Utah and received one
share of stock, value $100, for his
services. He contributed his
services very largely in assist-
ing the country in general by
erecting mills, helping in the
construction of the first rail-
road in Utah, besides furnish-
nishing teams upon various oc-
casions to bring imigrants to
Utah. He was one of the first
subscribers to the stock of the
Z. C. M. I. also to the first co-
operative store in Lehi, and was
treasurer of that institution sev-
eral years.
Mrs. Zimmerman died Febru-
ary 22, 1891, while Mr. Zimmer-
man lived to be eighty-eight
years of age. He died Novem-
ber 13. 1908.
. J«».
3 1197 00491 8394
DATE DUE
jBULl
SEF 3
JOE
- 1
#*
»v i s
7 70
;%H
sa&i
.^
-4
m 0 t:
JflL
J JN 1 0 198>
^n to"
:-;:m
n
9K
^
^
-•- -
-
* DEC E ? WIS
OCT 2
4 21)05
a 198;
DEC lH 1995
MftP 9* 19 S
- ? RER
i*Mr
ISf
JUi.
-££**
WG 1?
:i.
Wl io
99T
1 <»r
. ■• ' ;
DEMCO 38-29:
JUL
2 1597
Live Music Archive
Librivox Free Audio
Metropolitan Museum
Cleveland Museum of Art
Internet Arcade
Console Living Room
Books to Borrow
Open Library
TV News
Understanding 9/11