Full text of "History of McDonough County, Illinois: its cities, towns and villages, with early reminiscences, personal incidents and anecdotes, and a complete business directory of the county"

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HISTORY

McDoNOUGH COUNTY

ILLINOIS,

ITS CITIES, TOWNS AND VILLAGES,

EARLY REMINISCENCES. PERSONAL INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES.

AND A COMPLETE

BUSINESS DIKECTOEY OF THE COUNTY.

By S. J. CLARKE.

SPRINGFIELD, ILL.:

D. W. LUSK, STATE PRINTER AXD BINDER.

1878.

TO THE PIONEERS

McDONOUGH COUNTY,

THIS VOLUME IS RESPECTFULLY DEDICATED

THE AUTHOR.

PREFACE.

It is now two years since I conceived the idea of publishing a sketch of McDonough
county, for that was all really intended. The first to whom I submitted my plan was
Hon. Benjamin R. Hampton, who approved the same as far as it went, but suggested its
enlargement, and referred me to Hon. James M. Campbell, Hon. Alexander McLean,
Joseph E. Wyne,and others for their opinion. Each one encouraged the enterprise, but
with the suggestion that I should publish not only a short sketch, but a fall and complete
history of the county. Prospectuses of the proposed publication were at once issued
and the work began. In order to test the enterprise a partial canvass of the city of
Macomb was made, and in three or four days' time two hundred subscribers were
secured, and I was thus encouraged to continue the work and solicit subscriptions from
those living in other towns and in the country.

Of the magnitude of the work I then had no conception. I was of the opinion there
were yet living many of the old pioneers from whom information could be obtained
without difficulty; but in this I was greatly mistaken. Few indeed are the number
dating their residence in the county previous to the year 1830 ; and even of those of
from one to five years later, the number is fast becoming perceptibly less. Since the
projection of this work, quite a number have been called to their long homes, of whom
we now recall the names of Hon. James Clarke, Hon. Cyrus Walker, Vandever Banks,
T. J. Penniiigton, John Clark, David Seybold, John Lane, and Larkin C. Bacon, the last
mentioned passing away while the work was in the hands of the printer. From some
of these we expected to obtain much valuable information, and had single interviews
with one or two. with the promise of others ; but " Man proposes and God disposes. "*
The interviews were never Lad. and now their lips are hushed in death, and no more will
their stories of pioneer life be listened to with interest and pleasure by those gathering
around their hospitable firesides.

The author has labored under many adverse circumstances in the prosecution of the
work. Without a dollar in his pocket or to his credit, without material assistance of any
kind from any source, he began the compilation of a work that has required two full
years to complete.

".'<" 3O

4 PREFACE.

As previously remarked, the difficulty in securing information was far greater than he
anticipated ; especially has this been the case with respect to dates. In order to learn
the dates of the settlements made by William Carter and* William Job, several weeks
were spent in visiting and interviewing old settlers, besides writing many letters to those
who had formerly lived in the county and were supposed to be cognizant of the facts in
the case. The conclusions arrived at are satisfactory to his mind, and will be to the
mind of any who will take the same trouble to obtain the knowledge. The same care
taken to learn the exact time in which the settlements mentioned were made, has been
taken to verify every fact given. That errors may creep in, however guarded one may
be, cannot be doubted ; but I believe they will be few and far between.

Although in the compilation of the work much time has been spent, and therefore it
has been quite tedious, yet it has not been unmixed with pleasure. Many days and
nights have I spent in listening to the stories of the old pioneers ; ever hearing some-
thing new ; now laughing and then crying, as the ludicrous or the pathetic was narrated ;
and then in the study of the character of our fathers and those of the present genera-
tion, time with me has slipped quickly away.

And now, at the close of my labors, I cannot lay down my pen without returning
thanks to the many kind friends who have assisted me in obtaining information, and
have encouraged me from time to time with words of cheer ; especially would I remem-
ber Hon. James M. Campbell, Hon. Alexander McLean, I. N. Pearson, Circuit Clerk ;
Joseph E. Wyne, Deputy Circuit Clerk ; A. L. Sparks, County Clerk ; Hampton & Ham-
line, publishers Macomb Journal ; Thomas Fulkerson and Charles B. Hume, all of whom
have placed me under special obligations. I would also not forget Rev. B. N. Wiles, of
Macomb, who, by his advice and counsel has greatly assisted me, nor Charles C. Chapman,
who has been a co-laborer with me in the work. The printing is from the office of D. W.
Lusk, State Printer, Springfield, Illinois, and great credit is due him for the handsome
typographical appearance of the book. The binding is from the same establishment,
and superintended by George E. Boos, the excellent foreman of the bindery department,
who is entitled to thanks for the faithful manner in which he has performed his part of
the work.

My work is now done, and it is presented to you with the hope that it may please :
that its errors you will kindly overlook, and that you will be well repaid in its perusal.

Yours truly.

S..J. CLARKE.

MACOMB, ILL., December 1, 1877.

TABLE OF CONTENTS.

CHAPTER I.

EARLY SETTLEilENTS.

First Settlements Home of the Red Men Beautiful Country A Prairie Fire A Changed
Scene Boundaries of County Defined by Act of the Legislature Timber and Prairie
First Settlers Sketch of the Life of John Baker Macomb Settlement Flogging In-
diansA Great Hunt Death by a Deer Organization of County Meeting of County
Commissioners Various Orders Election of Magistrates Names of Jurors for First
Term of Circuit Court First Treasurer Eight Hundred Dollars Bond First Term of
Circuit Court Taxes Big Snow Description of same by James Clarke, Esq. John
Rogers Hominy as a Daily Food Dreary Winter Settlers Generally Cheerful Only
One Marriage 17 26

CHAPTER II.

1831.

James M. Campbell Appointment to Various Offices Taken for a Yankee Prejudice
Against this Class Economy in County Affairs Survey of Macomb Would Not Work
for the Two Best Lots in Town Court House Tavern License Rates Allowed Land-
lordsFirst Applicant a Preacher Sale of Town Lots in Macomb Resignation of John
Baker Appointment of J. M. Campbell Oath of Office Mercantile License Required-
Appointment of Commissioner of School Lands Second Term of Court Trial of David
Morgan for Murder Convicted Verdict Set Aside by the Judge, and Prisoner Dis-
chargedIndictment Against Thomas Morgan for Murder Continuance Granted
Escape from Schuyler County Jail J. W. Brattle County Treasurer Twelve Marriages
Carrying Postoffice in His Hat First Postmaster 2722

CHAPTER IH.

1832-34.

Hard Life and Poverty of Early Settlers "Millions In It" Erection of a Jail A Hard
Kick Strange Order Tax on Slaves Is McDonough County in a Free State ? New
Court House Awarding the Contracts Completion and Occupancy Years of Service
An Incident Expenses of County Strange Accounts Black Hawk War Company
Formed at Macomb Eighty-six days in Service Partial List of Volunteers Cold
Weather Frozen to Death.... .. 33 33

CONTENTS.

CHAPTER IV.

THE LOST CHILD.

Where Is Willie ? Anxiety of theiMother Search for the Wanderer First Night Not Yet
Found Help Arriving Second Day's Search Discouragement of the Searchers An-
other Night of Suspense The Mother's Agony Dangerous Condition Third Night-
No Nearer a Solution of the Question Fourth Day of the Search Searchers Going
Home Determination of Others to Solve the Mystery Hope Disappointment Foot
Prints Again Discovered Trail Lost Again Discovered Found Capture Nearly
Wild Father Notified The Joyful News Broken to the Mother Restoration of the Lost
Child to His Mother's Arms Reflections

CHAPTER V.

MUBDEB OF JOHN WILSON.

The McFaddens' John Wilson Threats made by McFaddens' against Wilson Shooting of
Wilson Coolness of the Murderers Their Arrest Excitement of the People Prelim-
inary Examination Committed to Jail without Bail Trial and Execution at Rush-
ville 46 a

CHAPTER VI.

PEBSONAL INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES.

Hospitality of Early Settlers Even Book Agents Welcomed Prejudice Against Yankees-
Charles R. Hume Visit from a Neighbor Ordered to Leave Didn't Go Invitation to
Dine Accepted at the Point of a Pistol Talk Over Matters Uncle Billy McKamy
How He Treated a Yankee Neighborly Act Grimm and the Lewistown Lawyers-
Possession Nine Points in the Law Neighbors that were not Neighborly Determina-
tion of a Young Couple to Marry Objection by Parents The Runaways-First Night
in the Woods Arrival at Nauvoo Embarassment of the Bridegroom " Have You Got
Any Nails ? "The Knot Tied A Marriage That Didn't Occur -Couldn't Marry an Abo-
litionist^The Supper Eaten and Guests Dismissed " Not Guilty" " But I Admonish
You Never to do it Again" Guilty, Yet Not Guilty Swearing in Court Killing a
Witch Conviction and Death Sentence by a Justice of the Peace" Bring on Your
Rails ""The whole d d thing's busted up." 49 57

CHAPTER VII.

183438.

Little Required For Actual Necessities Fashionable Society Not Introduced Opening New
Roads Why Timber Land Was First Settled Aid Asked of State to Pay Expenses of the
McFaddens' Trial Not Granted Thomas Hayden Allowed $1.50 for Hanging McFad-
dens Paupers Freeing a Slave Hard Times Following Panic of 1837 Not Felt Until
1838 Continued For Several Years Substitutes For Money Sample of Prices Richard
Pennington's Story Nearest Market Selection From Ford's History Laws of Trade
Howa modern farmer lost his money 5865

CHAPTER VIII.

EARLY SETTLEMENTS.

Carter's Job's Pennington's Point Camp Creek Macomb Hillsgrove Middletown 66 75.

CHAPTER IX.

THE MOEMONS.

Population of County Mormons Sympathy Enlisted Description of the Mormons Their
Religion Conversion of George Miller A Wonderful Cure by "Laying on of Hands"
Baptism oi Miller Removal to Nauvoo Election of 1843 Cyrus Walker Mormons

CONTENTS. 7

Hold the Balance of Power Peculiar Ordinances of Nauvoo Mormon Justice Deter-
mination of the People to Effect a Change The Militia Assemble at Carthage Arri-
val of Qov. Ford A Conference Committee sent to Nauvoo Surrender of Joe Smith
and Others Joe Smith shown to the Troops Discharge of the Volunteers McDonough
Troops Return The Governor Goes to Nauvoo Killing of the Prophet Graphic De-
scriptionEnd of the Murderers not Gained Horse Stealing Mormons Charged with
All Kinds of Theft Flogging Mormons Volunteers for Nauvoo A Battle One Killed,
Several Wounded The Mormons Are Sent Over the River List of Volunteers From
McDonough in 1844 7& 98

CHAPTER X.

A NEWSPAPEB AND A HAILBOAD.

Ke-organization of the County Last Meeting of the County Commissioners County Court
Railroad Agitation A Newspaper in Macomb George W. Smith His Melancholy
End The "Independent" on Railroads Railroad Meetings County Court Petitioned
to Order a Vote on the County Taking Stock in the Proposed Road Order Granted
Canvass of the County Opposition to Railroads "What a Terrible Thing it would be"
Statement that One Train of Cars would Carry all the Surplus Grain and Stock Raised
in the County in One Year How is it Now Railroads and Yankee Thrift Postpone-
ment of the Vote Further Efforts Vote Taken Carried Prediction of the Independ-
ent More than Fulfilled Another Election Called Additional Stock Subscribed First
Appearance of the Iron Horse Effect on Values 99107

CHAPTER XI.

HOME LIFE AND AMUSEMENTS.

Dwellings of Our Fathers Exterior Description People Industrious Children Compelled
to Labor Clothing Worn Home Manufacture Drudgery of Women Influence of the
Bible Cultivation of Flax, Cotton and Wool The Big and Little Spinning Wheels-
Seasons of Fun Quilting Bees Corn Huskings Apple Parings The Little Brown Jug-
Drinking Universal Hunting House Raising Election Days Kind Hearts Neigh-
borly Acts and Universal Love 108112

CHAPTER XII.

VABIOUS MATTERS.

Murder of Jams Dye Coroner's Inquest Verdict of Jury Arrest of Mrs. Dye, David Bur-
ress, and S. P. Ray Commitment to Jail Indictment by the Grand Jury Ray Dis-
charged by the Court Change of Venue Taken by the Other Parties Trial of Mrs.
Dye at Lewiston Able Counsel Employed Convicted Four Years in the Penitentiary-
Pardoned Before Expiration of Term Belief in her Innocence Death Other Rail-
roads Projected 50,000 Subscibed in Aid of R. I. & A. Railroad Order Made by Court
to Take the Vote on the Adoption or Rejection of Township Organization Law Propo-
sition Carried Commissioners Appointed to Divide the County Into Townships New
Jail Poorly Constructed An Expense to the County Sale of the Old Jail to the City
of Macomb Last Meeting of the Court Escape of Burress Never Secured 113119

CHAPTER

DIVISION OF THE COUNTY.

County Divided Into Sixteen Townships Names First Election Changes Since Made
Historical Sketches of the Townships Eldorado Industry New Salem Mound Scot-
land Macomb Walnut Grove Blandinsville-Chalmers Prairie City and Bushnell
Hire Tennessee Lamoine Emmet Bethel.... ....120139

8 CONTENTS.

CHAPTER XIV.

GEOLOGICAL.

Geological Information Statistics St. Louis Limestone Keokuk Limestone Coal Fire
Clay Iron Ore Building Stone Limestone for Lime Sand arid Clay for Brick Soil
and Agriculture 140 157

CHAPTER XV.

TEMPEBANCE.

Views of Early Settlers on the Temperance Question Pure Whisky Would Make the Drunk
Come Washingtonian Tidal Wave First Temperance Lecture in the County Diffi-
culty in Securing a .Chairman Effect of the Addresses Sons of Temperance Good
Templars Temple of Honor Daughters of Temperance Cadets of Temperance Cold
Water Templars Election of a Temperance Candidate for the Legislature Decrease of
Intemperance Remarks 158160

CHAPTER XVI.

1857-1860.

First Meeting of the Board of Supervisors Names of Members Resume of the Preced-
ing Ten Years Speculative Fever High Prices of Real Estate 1856 Nemaha Valley
Bank Crash of 1857 Failure of William H. Randolph & Co. Public and Private Im-
provements Suspended Depreciation of Values The License Question Saloon
Keepeis Imitate Example of the Importunate Women in the Scriptures Reduction of
License Poor Farm Ordered Sold Trouble between City of Macomb and County on
the Pauper Question N. C. R. R. Bonds Refusal by the Board to pay the Coupons in
New York Suit Brought Against the County County's Counsel Advises the Payment
According k to Contract Resolutions Asking Relief to Taxpayers -Low Prices Scarcity
of Gold Various Resolutions Looking to Relief 161166

CHAPTER XVII.

THE WAB AT HOME.

'Days that Tried Men's Souls." McDonough County Politically Natural Sympathy of
many with the South Patriotism Prevails Love for the Old Flag Bombardment of
Fort Sumpter How the News was Received in McDonough The County Aroused
Quick Response to the Call of the President Meetings held Throughout the County-
Specimen Resolutions Organization of Three Companies for the Sixteenth Regiment
Their Departure "May God Bless You." Old and Young Desire to Enlist Battle
Fields Many Vacant Chairs now to be Seen Sleeveless Coats now Among Us Aid
Societies Formed The Women Determined to do their Duty The Twenty-eighth Regi-
ment at Shiloh Flag Presented by the County to Company "D." One Hundred Dollars
Appropriated by the Board of Supervisors for Sanitary Purposes Bad News from the
Field Organization of the Sons of Liberty Party Strife Again Running High Recruit-
ing almost Suspended Hampton's Resolutions Voted Down Reid's Resolutions
Adopted Resolutions to Encourage and Aid Enlistments Board Refused to Adopt
Call from the Government for More Volunteers Draft Ordered Appointment of Wm.
H. Randolph Deputy United States Marshal Resolutions Favorable to a Bounty Adopt-
ed Three Hundred Dollars Bounty L. H. Waters and others Oppose It Amount Ex-
pended Killing of Wm. H. Randolph, Deputy United States Marshall Escape of the
Murderers Capture of Miles Bond by Frank E. Fowler, United States Detective Trial
at Rushville Acquittal Arrest oi James and John Bond Trial at Macomb Verdict
Rendered "Not Guilty." Great Excitement Fall of Richmond Joy of the People-
Joy Turned into Sorrow Assassination of President Lincoln Close of the Rebellion-
Return of the Boys in Blue Thanks be to the Father of All 167181

CONTENTS. 9

CHAPTER XVIII.

THE WAB IN THE FIELD.

Soldiers Brave and Modest Sixteenth Regiment Irish Lovers Ancestry " Architect of
the Natural Bridge "Dutch Solomon and General Pope Stealing their Ammunition
"Close Up" "Is That High Enough Massa"-- Model Business Letter More Compa-
nies Raised Company H, Second Illinois Cavalry Twenty-Eighth Regiment Company
L, Seventh Illinois Cavalry Swearing Soldier Fifty-Fifth Regiment Company C, Fifty-
Ninth Regiment Sixty-Fourth Regiment John Jacobs, a Prisoner Claims to be a Con-
federate Spy Borrows a Mule and Gun from Rebels Captured by Union Soldiers About
to be Hung as a Rebel Spy Taken to Headquarters Identified Recovery of Mule and
Gun Discipline Give the Countersign" I'm General Gordon Granger ""You Can-
not Pass Here "Capture of a Rebel Flag Seventy-Eighth Regiment One Hundred
and Nineteenth Regiment One Hundred and Twenty- Fourth Regiment One Hundred
and Thirty-Seventh Regiment One Hundred and Fifty-First Regiment Company H,
Second Artillery Company B, Tenth Missouri General Summary List of McDonough
Soldiers Residence Date of Enlistment Final Disposition Miscellaneous List 182241-

CHAPTER XIX.

FIRST IMPRESSIONS MARKING STOCK.

What Various Individuals Thought of McDonough County Stock Marks.... 242246

CHAPTER XX.

NEW COUBT HOUSE AND JAIL.

1868 Resolutions in Favor of Building Condemnation of the Old Structure Committee
Appointed to Confer with the City Council of Macomb Legislature Petitioned Taylor's
Resolution White's Resolution Refusal to Build Unless Macomb Should Donate 20,000
Additional to Their Tax City Council Refuses to Comply N. P. Tinsley Steps in the
Breach Agreement Between Macomb and the County Plans Adopted Contract
Awarded Cost Description List of All County Officers 247-256

CHAPTER XXI.

OTHER BAILBOADS.

Rock Island and Alton Railroad Aid Granted Southern Outlet Sale of the Franchises of
the Road Tricks of the New Company New Lines Adopted Large Subscriptions Ob-
tainedDemand for County's Subscription Sold Under Mortgage New Company
Formed Again Sold Petition to the County Board to Vote Subscription to H., M. C..L.
& E. Railroad.. : 257259

CHAPTER XXII.

NEWSPAPER ENTERPRISES.

"McDonough Independent." "Macomb Journal." "Prairie City Chronicle." "Prairie
Chief." "Prairie Chicken." "Macomb Ledger." "Prairie City Herald." "Bushuell
Record." "Western Light." "The Macomb Independent." "The Gleaner." 260-266

CHAPTER XXm.

UNDERGROUND RAILROAD.

Question of Slavery Organization of the U. G. Railroad Its Mode of Operation Route
Through the County Incidents "What am I ?" Charley's Thoughts His Escape-
Arrival at Blazer's station Leaving His Return In Search of Wife and Children-
Failure Second and Third Trip Escape with Wife Recapture of his Wife Charley's
Escape At last Successful in Getting his Wife and Children A Lively Load and Lively
Time Six Negroes Start for Macomb On the Wrong Road Charley Recognized Old
Fashioned Plantation "Hoe Down." Betrayal of the Negro Preacher Virginia Home

10 CONTENTS.

Death of His Master Removal Promise of Freedom Sending Caesar South Warned
by a Stranger His Escape Given a Horse On the Line of the U. G. R. R. Failure to
Find his Wife Train Captured David Chrisman Agent's House Watched Feint-
Attack One Captured A White Negro "G'wine to Jine de Yankee Church" Negro
Tom Escape Fight with Bloodhounds Arrival at Blazer's Views on ReligionPre-
sence of Mind Dobbins' Sou Negro Saved by a Small Boy Going to Market Lost-
Directions Given Negroes taken from the Train of the C., B. and Q. R. R. Taken to
the Hotel by City Marshal Remain until Made Free by Proclamation of Abraham
Lincoln 267-279

CHAPTER XXIV.

STONE COAL CLAY.

Coal Extent Average Yield Quality Stone Quality and Extent McLean's Statement

Rowley's Bank Grindstones. ^. 280282

CHAPTER XXV.

M'DONOUGH COUNTY AGBICULTURAL SOCIETY.

Organization First Fair A Success Second Exhibition Lease of Grounds Contrast
Between First and Present Exhibition Chandler's White Bull Blooded Stock Time
Required for Fair Fortunate in Officers Purchase of New Grounds First and only
Failure, which was no Failure Present Officers Stock Association Appeal 283286

CHAPTER XXVI.

BLACK LAWS.

Early Prejudice Specimen of the Black Laws Negroes in McDonough Negro Barber
and J. M. Campbell Not so Bad After All What he would do with Bob- Indictment
against Geo. W. Reid for Violation of the Black Laws 287289

CHAPTER XXVII.

EE8OUECE8 OF THE COUNTY.

Extent of Territory Improved Lands Unimproved Lands Real and Personal Property-
Wheat Corn Oats Other Products Rye and Barley Buckwheat Potatoes Meadow
Land Pasture Wood Land Horses Cattle Mules and Asses Sheep Swine Orch-
ards Apples Peaches Pears and Plums Cherries Grapes Small Fruit Carriages
and Wagons Tables 290300

CHAPTER XXVIII.

THE BAB OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Judges of the Circuit Court Richard M. Young, James H. Ralston, Peter Lott, Stephen A.
Douglas, Jesse B. Thomas, Norman H. Purple, Wm. A. Minshall, Pinkney H. Walker,
John S. Bailey, C. L. Higbee, S. P. Shope -State's Attorneys Thomas Ford, Wm. Rich-
ardson, Henry L. Bryant, Wm. Elliot, Robert S. Blackwell, Calvin A. Warren, John S.
Bailey, Louis H. Waters, Thomas E. Morgan, L. W. James, Crosby F. Wheat Other
Members of the Bar Cyrus Walker The Present Bar 301312

CHAPTER XXIX.

BAILBOAD BUSINESS.

The C., B. & Q. R. R. What it Has Done for the County T , P. & W. Its Business Tables

of Shipments and Receipts 313 3ij>

CONTENTS. 1.1

CHAPTER XXX.

BIOGRAPHICAL.

Larkin C. Bacon Major Thomas A. Brooking A. V. Brooking Edgar Bollcs Alonzo Barnes
James M. Campbell Hon. Thompson Chandler James Clarke David Clarke Charles
Chandler John M. Crabb Daniel M. Crabb J. B. Cummings B. A. Duncan, M. D.
Captain S. A. Epperson John L. Epperson Thomas Fuikerson John D. Hainline W.
H. Hainline William Hamilton Hon. B. R. Hampton Richard D. Hammond, M. D.
Dr. John Hardesty William C. Hainline Wesley Harlan George Taylor Harlan
Hon. Humphrey Horrabin Hon. John Huston Charles R. Hume James Irwin Rev.
Joseph L. Kirkpatrick 31fr 38&

CHAPTER XXXI.

POLITICAL.

A Doubtful County Party Lines were not Drawn During First Ten Years No Caucuses
in That Time 1840 Democratic and Whig Parties Held Nominating Con ventionp Party
Lines Closely Drawn Hard Cider Whig Celebration at Macomb on the Fourth of July
What Democrats Said of It Whigs Victorious 1841-42 Democrats Triumphant First
Year and Whigs the Second 1843 Cyrus Walker and James P. Hoge Endeavor to Se-
the Mormon Vote Trickery of Smith, the Mormon Prophet Walker Defeated 1844
Whigs Again Triumphant in August.but Beaten in November 1845-51 Various Changes
Occurred 1852 Last Campaign of the Whigs as a National Party Triumphant in this
County 1853 Democracy Victorious 1854 Waters Carried the County by One Vote-
Democrats Carrying the Rest of the Ticket Waters' Election Contested His Resigna-
tionAnother Election Held, and Waters Again Triumphant 1855 No Opposition to
the Democracy Republicans, Americans and Democrats in Campaign of 1856 Democ-
racy Ahead The American Party Gives up the Ghost Gains in the Republican Party
in 1858 Light Vote in 1859 Campaign of 1861 Republicans Victorious 1861-64 De-
mocracy Victorious 1865 Republicans to the Front Ditto in 1866 Democrats Elect
County Ticket in 1867 U. S. Grant carries the County in 1868 Democracy Ahead the
Following Year Ditto in 1870 Considerable Scratching Grant Ahead in 1872 New
Party Ahead in 18731874-76, Republicans Ahead General Remarks Official Vote from
1830 to 1876 inclusive 390411

CHAPTER XXXn.

EDUCATIONAL.

Progressive Education Early Teaching The Three R's Few Schools in the Early Time
The Great .Number at Present The Old Log School House Its Furniture Woodside's
Agreement School Lands Items From School Statistics M'Donough College Prairie
City Acadamy M'Donough Normal and Scientific College Macomb Female Seminary-
Sketches of the Various District Schools of Each Township School Statistics 412434

CHAPTER XXXHI.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES CONTINUED.

Elder John Logan William F. McCandles Captain J. C. McClellan Hon. Alexander Mc-
LeanWilliam C. Mc-Leod John Mustain William D. Mustain A. H. McGahan Rev.
Josiah Moore Richard Musson Thomas A. Mustain Hon. William H. Neece Abra-
ham Newland, Jr. -Asa K. Owen Isaac N. Pearson Joseph E. Porter Hon. William

Randolph James Roberts 435 481

CHAPTER XXXIV.

BIOGRAPHICAL SKETCHES CONTINUED.

Captain James W. Fee Harvey L. Ross Joseph Shannon John William Siders Benjamin
. Thompson Elder J. L. Towner Roswell Tyrrell Captain J. B. Venard Captain >.
P. Wells John G. Woodside John Wiley Isaac Weaver Dr. Beverly R. Westfall
Hon. E. K. Westfall Charles Wilson Hon. C. F. Wheat Major Stephen Yocum ..482 526

}2 CONTENTS.

CHAPTER XXXV.

RELIGIOUS.

Influence of Christianity The Improvements That Follow the Teachings of the Bible-
First Preaching in the County-Elder Logan-His Labors as a Preacher Sketches.-
Reyular Baptists Antioch. CAmf tan Blandinsville Macomb Bedford New Salem
Bushnell Colchester-Sciota New Bedford. IfefAodisf Episcopal Mucorob Tennes-
see Friendship Pdnuington's Point Bardolph-.Stickles--Blandinsville Rock Creek-
Maple Grove Mound Chapel Pleasant Grove -Liberty Prairie City Industry Col-
chester Mound Linn Grove Willow Grove New Hope Centennial Greenwood
Adair Second Church, Macomb '

CHAPTER XXXVI.

RELIGIOUS CONTINUED.

Presbyterian Macomb Camp Creek Shiloh Prairie City Doddsville Bushnell Good
Hope Ebenezer Cumberland Presbyterian Bersheba Sugar Creek Good Hope In-
dustry West Prairie Congregational Prairie City Macomb ap^ Hillsborough
Macomb Prairie City Independent Cedar Creek Tennessee Bushnell Sciota
Blandinsville Second Church, Macomb Universalist Macomb Reformed Bushnell
free Will Baptist Prairie City Maple Hill Catholic Tennessee Macomb Christian-
Industry German Baptist Bushnell Arm of the Church Un.ited Brethren in Chrisi
Elm Grove Willow Grove New Philadelphia Jerusalem Chapel Blandinsville
Pleasant Gale Center Chapel Evangelical Lutheran Macomb Salem Statistics 55i

CHAPTER XXXVII.

REMINISCENCES.

Recollections of John Wilson Salem Woods' Reminiscences Silas J. Creel's Robert Dark's
Martha Russell's James Jarvis' J. W. Brattle's Martitia F. Harris' Sailing on the
Prairie 58 1

CHAPTER XXXVIII.

PIONEERS.

Old Settlers' Association Constitution List of Pioneers 59)1

CHAPTER XXXIX.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Streams of the County Crooked Creek Camp Creek Grindstone Creek Troublesome Creek
Spring Creek Other Streams Matrimonial Statistics Remarks Table of Distances
Pauperism Number Admitted to the Alms House Nativity Other Facts

CHAPTER XL.

MACOMB.

Retrospective Organization of the County Selection of Site for County Seat Washington-
Act Locating County Seat McComb vs. Macomb County Seat to be Permanent Sale
of Lots Increase in Population First Store -The Tavern First Plat of the Town Un-
satisfactory New One Keaton's Survey Brattle's Survey Court Week Effect of the
Ardent Circus Shows Town Organization First School House First Brick Store-
First Church Cholera Epidemic Incorporated as a City First Board of Aldermen-
City's Credit City's Indebtedness Improvements Few Fires No Tramps Allowed
Improvements Needed Sanitary Condition Thirty Miles of Streets Expenses of the
City Assessments Railroad Public Buildings Opera House School Houses-Mercan-
tile Trade Manufacture* Public Schools-Graded System-Churches-ValueMem-
bershipDescription of School Buildings List of Town Officers List of City Officers
" A Side Glance at Macomb "-City Made a Supervisor's District List of Supervisors-
Items from City Directory Business Notices -Classified Business Directory

CONTENTS. . 1&

CHAPTER XLI.

BIANDINSVLLLE.

Location Name " Job's Settlement "Additions First Dwelling First Store Building-
Mercantile Trade Merchants Schools-Growth Securing the T., P. & W. R. R. Its
Effects Amount of Trade Churches Summary of Business Firms Business Direc-
tory 637641

CHAPTER XLII.

INDUSTBY DODD3VILLE MIDDLETOWN.

Proposition to J. M. Price Shop Erected First Post Office Price's Recollection First
Store First Physician First Survey Name and Nickname Growth Organization as a
Town First Town Board Organization as a Village Its Character Schools Churches-
Man u factories Distance from Railroad Trustees Summary of Business Firms Busi-

i'ireetory Doddsville Town Laid Out Location Directory Middietowii 642646

CHAPTER XLIII.

PRAIBIE CITY.

ion When Laid Out First Store First Building First Preacher Size of the Original
Town Distance from Macomb and Chicago First School Building Barnes' and Par-
ker's Addition Incorporated as a Town Officers Elected Newspaper Growth of the
Town Prairie City Academy Schools Churches Petition to the Town Board Ceme-
teriesVillage Organization First Board First Resolution List of Town Officers Prai-
rie City Chronicle Amount of Business Transacted Business Notices Business Direc-
tory (V17- 655

CHAPTER XLIV.

BUSHNELL.

Location Survey First Sale of Lots Town Named Wolf Pole Trackless Prairie Hen-
dricksoH Lost Found First Store Building First Stock 01 Goods First Dwellings-
First Hotel Prosperity of the Town Liberality of the Original Proprietors Failures-
New Railroad Manufactories Improvements New School Building Summary -of
Business Firms Amount of BusinessPublic Library Organization as a City Election,
Officers Elected List of Officers Classified Business Directory f6 667

CHAPTER XLV.

BAEDOLPH.

Town Laid Out Location Name First Dwelling First Store Growth of the place Price
of Lots First School House Incorporated as a Town Trustees Incorporated as a Vil-
lageCause for the Change Trustees Temperance Town School Cemetery Ship-
ments to and from the Town Business Notices Business Directory

CHAPTER XLVI.

COLCHESTEB TENNESSEE HIXX.*S GKOVE AND COLMAB.

Colchester Land Surveyed Name First House First Stock of Groceries Hotel Fir- 1
Stock of Dry Goods Additions Prosperity of the Place Incorporated as a Town
The Natural Advantages of Colchester Coal Interests Roberts' Mines Quincy Coal
< 'ompany Colchester Coal Company Their Immense Business Shipments and Re-
ceipts Schools Churches License Question List of Town Officers Mercantile Trade
Business Notices Business Directory Tennessee Town Laid Out Location Size of
Lots Value Incorporated as a Town Names of Members of the Various Boards of
Trustees Clerks Churches Schools Calaboose Shipments and Receipts by Rail
Business Directory Hill's Grove Laid Out Location Surrounding Country Business
Directory Colmar Location Size of Plat Growth of the Place Shipment and Re-
ceipts by Railroad Business Directory 677 SXti

14 CONTENTS.

CHAPTER XLVII.

SCIOTA GOOD HOPE ADAIB NEW PHILADELPHIA WALNUT OBOVE AND SCOTTSBUBG.

Sdota First Name- Location Surrounding Country Additions First Stone Building-
First Store Incorporated Trustees First Sermon First School Churches Prosperity
of the Town Great Grain Market~Mercantile Trade Business Notices Shipments
by Railroad Business Directory Oood Hope Rivalry Between Towns Town of Sher-
idanTown of Milan Post Office of Good Hope Town named Good Hope First
Store First Dwelling Old Post Office Incorporated as a Town Incorporated as a Vil-
lage Trustees Prosperity General Character of the Town First Sermon Schools-
Churches Amount Shipped by Railroad Business Notices Business Directory Adair
Laid Out Location Amount of Stock and Grain Shipped First Business House-
Population Business Directory New Philadelphia Location Old Plat New Survey-
Name Directory Walnut Grove Location Business Directory Scottsburg Location-
Shipment of FireClay 68769!

CHAPTER I.

EARLY SETTLEMENT ORGANIZATION.

The first settlement of McDonough county of which we have
record was in the spring of 1826. Previous to this time the county
was in a state of unbroken wildness, the home of red men, who
roamed at will over its broad prairies, engaged in occupations
peculiar to their race. No one, save the old settler, or one who
has visited the far West, can fully realize the beauty of the coun-
try at that time. Dividing the county centrally north and south,
we had upon the east a broad prairie extending as far as the eye
could reach, the tall grass gently undulating like the waves of the
sea, while upon the west the giant oak, the stately ehn, and the
useful hickory seemingly pierced the very heavens, and stood as
faithful sentinels over their entire surroundings. No fallen tim-
ber or undergrowth of any kind obstructed the passage, the annual
prairie fire making a clean path for all. A prairie on fire ! Have
you ever witnessed one? The sight is a magnificent one indeed.
A correspondent of tne Philadelphia Enquirer, on a visit to this
State in 1837, while traveling up the Mississippi, described in glow-
ing terms the scenery on that grand old stream, and thus graphic-
ally sketched a prairie on fire :

" Whilst enjoying the sublimity of the scene, night threw her
mantle o'er the earth, and the sentinel stars set their watch in the
skies, when suddenly the scene was lighted by a blaze of light
illuminating every object around. It was the prairie on fire. Lan-
guage cannot convey, words cannot express to you the faintest idea
of the grandeur and splendor of that mighty conflagration. Me-
thought that the pale Queen of Night, disclaiming to take her ac-
customed place in the heavens, had dispatched ten thousand
messengers to light their torches at the altar of the setting sun, and
that now they were speeding on the wings of the wind to their
H 2

appointed stations. As I gazed on that mighty conflagration my
thoughts recurred to you, immured in the walls of a city, and I
exclaimed in the fullness of my heart :

' O fly to the prairie in wonder, and gaze,
As o'er the grass sweeps the magnificent blaze ;
The world cannot boast so romantic a sight,
A continent flaming, 'mid oceans of light.' "

How changed the scene now ! The timber, in many places, has
been cleared away, and beautiful farms appear in its stead. The
broad prairies have been shorn of their native beauty, and the
hand of man has endeavored to excel in their decoration. The
iron horse now courses over the prairie and through the timber
where once only the trail of the red man was known. Villages,
towns and cities appear where the wigwam was once seen. All
this change has taken place in fifty years. What will the next
fifty years bring forth ? Who can tell ?

On the admission of the State into the Union, what is now known
as McDonough county was a part of Madison. Afterward, by an
act of the Legislature, approved June 30, 1821, it was placed with-
in the boundaries of Pike, and by a subsequent act, approved Feb-
ruary 10, 1826, its present boundaries were determined, and it was
attached to Schuyler county for judicial and recording purposes.
As before remarked, the county is about equally divided between
timber and prairie, the eastern tier of townships being mainly
prairie, while the western is chiefly timber. When we shall come to
the descriptions of townships, we shall notice this matter more at
length, giving the exact proportions of each. The county is
bounded on the north by Henderson and Warren, on the south by
Schuyler, on the east by Fulton, and on the west by Hancock.

To William Carter and*Kiggs Pennington belong the honor of
the first settlement, about one mile southeast of the present town
of Industry, in the south part of the county. The settlement was
named in honor of Mr. Carter, who resided in the neighborhood
for several years, when he removed to the State of Missouri. Mr.
Pennington, shortly afterward, removed also. He was the first
Justice of the Peace residing in the county.

It is not known if any others settled in the county that year, but
in the following year (1827) William Job and brother, John Yance,
and others, settled near where the town of Blandinsville is now lo
cated, the neighborhood taki ng the name, and being known for many

*Riggs Pennington left the county at a very early day, removing to Knox county, in this State,
from which place he emigrated to Texas in the spring of 1837,

and where he died some years since.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 19

years afterwards as " Job's settlement." William Pennington, in
1828, located in the neighborhood now known as "Pennington's
Point," in the southwest corner of 'Sew Salem township, where he
remained about three years, removing to Spring Creek, in the
north part of the county. Elias McFadden, also, at this time set-
tled near the present city of Macornb, living on the farm now
owned by William Hunter, about one mile south of the city. John
Baker came out in the fall of this year, or in the spring of '29, and
built the tirs.t house on the site of the present city of Macomb.
Mr. Baker was a minister of the Regular Baptist Church, but gave
little time to his calling, engaging almost exclusively in secular
pursuits. He was appointed the first Clerk pro tern, of the County
Commissioners' Court on the organization of the -county, which
position he retained only a few months. He held membership in
the New Hope Baptist Church, in Job's settlement, from which he
was expelled for unchristian conduct. He left the county about
the year 1835, going to Missouri, and from thence to Texas. In
the latter place he again felt a longing desire to become useful in
the cause ot Christ, and friends there, knowing his talents, desired
him to resume the work of the ministry. This he was too con-
scientious to do until first restored by the church from which he
had been excluded; so, in the year 1840, he returned to the county,
riding eight hundred miles of the distance on horseback, that he
might again meet with the Xew Hope Church, make confession, and
be restored to its fellowship. The church joyfully received him,
and he was again commissioned to go forth bearing "glad tidings."
Returning to Texas, he was occasionally heard from for several
years later, and always with good report. Whether now living
or dead, we know not.

In 1830, James Clarke, David Clarke, William Pringle, Resin N&y-
lor, and a few others, settled in the neighborhood of Macomb. At
this time Indians were still frequent visitors to the cabins of the
white man. It was in the fall of 1830 that a large number of the
tribe of Fox or Sac Indians encamped on the creek just west of
Macomb for the purpose of engaging in their annual fall hunt,
when a few of the brave settlers went out and ordered them away,
and in order to hasten their departure, caught a few of them, and
while some of their number kept guard, Resin Baylor, with a
hickory withe, gave them thirty and nine lashes upon their bare
backs. In doing this the settlers ran a great risk, for the In-
dians were well armed, while the whites had only a few old flint-

lock muskets, the most of which were too rusty to be of any
service. Luckily no resistance was made, arid the Indians hastily
left.

As showing how destructive of game the Indians were, it is re-
lated that in the fall of 1829 one solitary Indian killed one hundred
and sixty-nine deer in the region known as Wilson's Mill, about
four miles southwest of Macomb ; and, strange to relate, the last
one he shot was the means of his own death. After shooting the
deer, and seeing it lie motionless upon the ground, he went for-
ward for the purpose of securing his prize, when it arose and ran
him through the breast with its antlers. He was afterward dis-
covered by others of Siis tribe, who gave him burial on the spot
where he fell, 'placing within his grave his gun, tomahawk, knife,
and other implements. The mound erected over his grave was
still visible a few years ago, but about the year 1832 some vandal
opened the grave and stole therefrom the buried arms.

In this same year (1830) Roswell Tyrrell, David Fees, John Gib-
sou, and others, settled in the western part of the county, in what
is now known as Lamoine, Tennessee, and Bethel townships.
They were followed shortly afterward by the Marks, Edmondsons,
Dunsworths, Archers, and others, all the various settlements re-
ceiving reinforcements. It was now thoughtthere was a sufficient
number of inhabitants to justify an organization of the county ; ac-
cordingly, on the fourteenth day of June, 1830, a petition was pre-
sented to the Hon. Richard M. Young, Judge of the Fifth Judicial
District, then holding court at Rush ville, Schuyler county, signed
by a majority of the legal voters of the county, setting forth that
McDonough county had the number of inhabitants required by an
act of the Legislature for the organization of counties, and upon
the said day his honor issued the following order:

STATE or ILLINOIS, ) & ,
MCDONOUGH COUNTY, j" '

To the People of the State of Illinois, to all w7w shall see these presents, greeting :

WHEBEAS, By the said ninth and eleventh sections of the act entitled " An act forming
new counties out of the counties of Pike and Fulton, and the attached parts thereof," ap-
proved January 13, 1825, it is made the duty of the Presiding Judge of the Fifth Judi~
cial Circuit of the State of Illinois, whenever it shall be made to appear to his satisfaction
that either of the counties of Hancock, Warren, Mercer, Henry, Putnam or Knox con-
tains three hundred and fifty inhabitants, to proceed to organize the same, and to grant
an order for the election of county officers preparatory thereto ; and

WHEKEAS, By virtue of an act entitled " An act supplementary to an act entitled ' An
act forming new counties out of the counties of Pike and Fulton, and the attached parts
thereof,' " approved January 25, 1826, a new county was created, to be called the county

of McDonough. with the express provision therein contained that the inhabitants of the
said county of McDonough should enjoy and possess all the rights and privileges granted
to the inhabitants of the several counties created by the first recited act, and to which
the said last mentioned act is a supplement : and

WHEBEAS, It has been made to appear to my satisfaction that the said county of Mc-
Donough contains three hundred and fifty inhabitants and upwards, and inasmuch as
the greater part of qualified voters of said county have requested, by petition, that the
same should be organized with as little delay as possible, I do therefore, in pursuance of
the power invested in me by virtue of the provisions contained in the above recited acts,
order and direct that an election in and for the said county of McDonough, at the house
of Elias McFadden, in said county, on Saturday, the third day of July next, for the election
of three County Commissioners, one Sheriff, and one Coroner, to serve, when elected and
qualified, in and for the said county of McDonough, respectively, until they shall be
superseded by the persons who may be elected at the general election, to be held on the
first Monday in August next ensuing the date hereof ; and for the purpose of having this
order carried into execution, I do hereby appoint Ephraim Perkins, William McDonald
and John Rogers, Esquires, of said county, judges of said election, whose duty it shall be
to set up written or printed advertisements or notices of said election in at least six of
the most public places in said county, inclusive of the place at which the said election is
hereby directed to be held, having due regard to the situation and population of the dif-
fent settlements, at least ten days immediately preceding the said election, to the end that
all persons concerned may have timely notice thereof, the election to be viva voce, be-
tween the hours of 10 o'clock in the morning and 7 o'clock in the afternoon of said day,
and conducted in all respects, as near as may be practicable, in conformity with the act
entitled " An act regulating elections." approved January 10, 1829 : and, lastly, the said
judges are to certify the result of the said election to the office of the Secretary of State
as soon thereafter as may be convenient, in order that the persons who may be elected
and entitled to commissions may be commissioned and qualify with as little delay as
possible, and after the said election of the said county officers shall have taken place in
pursuance of this order, I do hereby declare the said county of McDonough to be organ-
ized and entitled to the same rights and privileges as the other counties in this State.

Given under my hand and seal, at Rushville, this fourteenth day of June, A. D. 1830,
and of the independence of the United States the fifty-fourth.

RICHARD M. YOUNG,
Circuit Judge of the Fifth Ju<li<-i<il Circuit of the &tate of Illinois.

Pursuant to this order, the election was held, and James Vance,
James Clarke, and John Hardesty were elected County Commis-
sioners, and William Southward, Sheriff', and Peter Hale, Coroner.
On the same day the election was held the County Commissioners
met and began the official business of the county. Their first
order affirmed that the order of Judge Young had been fully
carried out, and that the County Commissioners were duly elected.
Their second order appointed Michael Stinson, Clerk pro tern., and
their third order located the seat of justice at the house of John Ba-
ker, on the southwest quarter of section 31, in township 6 north, and
2 west, which is now known as Macomb township, and that " the
same be known as the town of Washington for the present." The
Commissioners then appointed Ephraim Perkins, William McDon-

22 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

aid, and George Dowell, judges of election, to be held at Wash-
ington on the first Monday in August. Their fifth order adjourned
the court until the fifth of July, at the residence of James Clarke.

On the fifth of July the Commissioners met pursuant to adjourn-
ment at the residence of James Clarke, and proceeded to divide
the county into three Magistrate's Districts, and provide for the
election of Justices of the Peace and Constables in each. The
districts were made eight miles wide, running east and west the
entire length of the county, and were called First, Second and
Third Magistrate's Districts, the first being on the south, the sec-
ond the middle, and the third the northern portion of the county.
An election was called for the First District at the house of James
Vance on the first Saturday in August following (1830) for two
Justices of the Peace and two Constables. George Dowell, Wil-
liam S.Moore, and William Garrett were appointed judges of elec-
tion. In the Second District, at the same time, an election was held
at the house of John Baker for four Justices of the Peace and four
Constables. Elias McFadden, Peter Hale, and David Troxwell
were appointed judges of election. In the Third District, at the
same time, at the residence of John Vance, two Justices of the
Peace and two Constables were elected. William Deakins, John
Wyatt, and Isaac Bartlett were appointed judges of election.

At this general election James Vance, John Hardesty, and
James Clarke were re-elected County Commissioners; William
Southward, Sheriff; Peter Hale, Coroner, and Jesse Bartlett, Sur-
veyor. The house of John Baker, at which the election was held,
was simply a hut built of poles, scarcely large enough to deserve
the name of logs. This house was used as a tavern, the Clerk's
office, and Court House, until the erection of the old log Court
House, in 1831.

At the special election, held August 7, in the several Magistrate's
Districts, James Vance, Sr., and John Billew were elected Justices
of the Peace, and James Lee and James B. Tomberlin, Constables
in and for the First District. In the Second District were elected
James Clarke, William McDonald, Robert Cook and Samuel Bogart,
Justices of the Peace, and John Wilson, Oliver C. Rice, Thomas
J. Pennington, and John Harris, Constables. In the Third Dis-
trict Ephraim Perkins and Caswell Russell were elected Justices
of the Peace, and Francis Reading and Jacob Coffman. Constables.
The third meeting of the first regular term of the County Com-
missioners' Court was held on the first Monday in September,

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 23

1830, when the Commissioners proceeded to the selection of a grand
and petit jury for the October ternj of the Circuit Court, being the
first term. For grand jurymen the following names were selected :
William Osborue, Joseph Osborne, William Garrett, Roland Lee,
George Grace, William Hendry, William Stephens, Elias McFad-
den, John Barber, David Troxwell, Peter Hale, Nathan A. Mc-
Fadden, John Carmack, John Wyatt, Sr., John Woodsides, William
Deakins, Wright Riggins, Elijah Bristow, Caswell Russell, Abra-
ham Gassett, and John Vance. For petit jurymen were selected
Charles Shannon, William Shannon, John Wilson, James Vance,
Jr., John Bridges, Thomas Bridges, Thomas Phillips, Nimrod
Smith, Eli Osborne, Nicholas Campbell, JohnMassingill, Ephraim
Mitchell, Enoch Cyrus, Nathan Bartlett, Russell Duncan, Reuben
Harris, Jr., Ephraim Perkins, George Shell, William Job, Nathan
Hume, Noble Owsly, and Larkin Osborne.

It required about two-thirds of all the legal voters in the county
to constitute this grand and petit jury.

At this meeting John Baker was appointed Clerk pro tern., in
place of M, L. Stinson, resigned ; James Vance, Sr., was appointed
Commissioner ot School Lands; Isaac Bartlett, County Surveyor,
and John Huston, County Treasurer. The bond of the latter was
fixed at 800, showing that it was not expected he would ever be
entrusted with a large amount of money.

On the seventeenth day of October, 1830, the first term of the
Circuit Court was held. There were present, in attendance on the
Court, Hon. Richard M. Young, Circuit Judge; John Baker, Clerk,
pro tern.; William Southward, Sheriff. In the absence of Thomas
Ford, State's Attorney, James M. Strode was appointed pro tern.
This term lasted but one day, and was held at the house of John
Baker, in the town of Washington, the temporary county seat of
MeDonough county. But little business was transacted, the grand
and petit juries both being dismissed without performing any
duties. The order of Judge Young calling an election for the or-
ganization of the county was ordered spread upon the records of
the court, as well as an order in relation to the time of holding
court. The bonds of Isaac Bartlett, Coroner, and William South-
ward, Sheriff, were approved.

Previous to the organization of the county the taxes were as-
sessed and collected by Schuyler county, and among the first acts
of our County Commissioners was a request that the authorities of

24 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

that county furnish them a list of taxes assessed for the coming
year, which request was at once complied with.

In December, 1830, James Clarke, Esq., went to Springfield,
and, in behalf of the county, entered the quarter section of land
upon which the old town of Macomb was subsequently laid out.
For this service he was allowed the munificent sum of $3, which
was certainly well earned, for, while returning, he was overtaken
by the big snow storm so well remembered by all the old settlers,
and it was with great difficulty that he arrived safely at home.
The snow began to fall when he was between Springfield and
Beardstown, and in a few hours time all traces of the road were
obliterated, and the only way by which he could with certainty
know he was pursuing the right course was by observing the
trees and large weeds that he had noticed in previously passing
over the road. The recollection of this " big snow " is vividly
impressed upon the mind of more than one old settler, and the
remembrance of the horrors of that long winter will never be oblit-
erated while their lives shall last. The snow began to fall the night
of the twenty-ninth of December, and continued falling for three
days and nights, until it reached an average depth of about four
feet, drifting in places as high as eighteen or twenty feet. Great
suffering was experienced in consequence. The settlers relied for
their daily food upon the Indian corn which they were enabled to
raise, together with the wild game, which was abundant at that
time. Plenty of the former was raised to supply the wants of all
until the next season's crop ; but when the snow fell, but little had
been gathered. Game could not be had. The great depth of the
snow was a barrier to all travel, and it may well be imagined the
sufferings of the people were great indeed. In a letter, published
in the March (1876) number of Clarke's Monthly, Hon. James
Clarke thus graphically described the situation :

" The snow fell an average depth of about four feet, and re-
mained on the ground for about three months. All kinds of wild
game literally starved to death. Before the snow fell the deer
were as fat as could be, and before it passed away they were so
poor they were not fit to eat. Wild turkeys would fall from the
limbs of trees. The morning after the snow fell my wife was
about three hours shoveling it from our cabin. We then
lived about one hundred yards from the house lately occupied by
Isaac Haines, a little southwest of Macomb. I did not have my
corn gathered, and had a good sized family to feed, and had five

HISTORY OF M'UONOUGE COUMTY. 25

horses and some cattle. As soon as possible I sent John Wilson,
the young man afterward murdered by McFadden, with the horses
to Morgan county to have them kept through the winter. Each
day we would have to go out to the Held, and where we could see
a stalk of corn standing above the snow reach down until we came
to the ear, pull it off, gathering enough for the day. There were
no mills in the country, and each family would, with a mortar and
pestle, pound their corn so as to make bread. A few were fortu-
nate enough to have large graters with which they would grate
up the corn. The first thing done each morning would be to build
the fire and put on a big pot of water in which the corn would be
thrown and boiled awhile, then taken out and grated and made
into good, wholesome bread. This, with what game we could get,
was what we had to live on during the long winter.

"Several families came to the county that fall, and, of course, had
no corn. All things were then held more in common. Those
that had none w r ere welcome to help themselves Irom their more
fortunate neighbors, all that was required of them being that they
should gather it themselves. Resin Baylor, better known as
" Boss " Xaylor, was one of that class, and it was a little amusing
to see him go out to the fields, walking for a time on top of the
snow, on which a crust was formed, but now and then going
through, getting his corn, and come in blowing like a porpoise
and sweating dreadfully. But we all managed to live, and had
good cause to be thankful it was no worse. The young men and
women of this day have little knowledge of what a pioneer life
consisted. Away out upon an almost boundless prairie, far from
home and kindred, with an opportunity of hearing from them only
every few months, it was dreary indeed, but how different it is now!
However far the distance, they can be communicated with in a
few moments time."

During the previous summer Mr. John Rogers erected himself
a log house on the prairie, in Industry township, but the winter
coming on, he concluded it would be better for him to move to
the timber, which he accordingly did, taking his cabin with him ;
but the snow beginning to fall before he had finished rebuilding,
he enclosed the cabin in a tent, and managed to live in it during
the long winter that followed, his only food heiug hominy, with-
out salt. This so disgusted him that the next spring he left the
county, never to return.

We have little doubt that many a weary one during that long
winter sighed for the comforts of the " old home ;" but, notwith-
standing its dreariness and the suffering of the people, none be-
came disheartened save the one above mentioned. We find them
in the spring of 1831 as determined as ever to carve out for them-
selves a home in this truly beautiful country.

During this first year of the organization of the county but one
couple was brave enough to try " the sweets of wedded bliss," for
but one marriage license was granted John Wyatt and Betsy
Massingill.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 27

CHAPTER H.
1831.

The snow lay upon the ground until about the first of April ;
meantime the few inhabitants of the county lived as best they could,
trusting the good time would yet come.

In the spring of this year James M. Campbell, Esq., came to the
county, and was cordially received. He had, in December pre-
vious, received the appointment of Clerk of the Circuit Court from
the Hon. Richard M. Young, Circuit Judge, and came to enter
upon the duties of his office. Like most of the settlers living in
the county at that time, Mr. Campbell was from the State of Ken-
tucky. This tact was not discovered at first, and Mr. Campbell
was regarded as a Yankee, and, consequently, looked upon with
suspicion. John Baker resigned the office of Clerk of the County
Commissioners' Court ; a new man was to be appointed, and who
it should be was a question. Mr. Campbell was suggested. One
of the Commissioners replied most emphatically that no Yankee
should ever be Clerk of that Court. Mr. Campbell was asked if
he was really and truly a Yankee. " Well, gentlemen," replied
Mr. C., u if to be born in the city of Frankfort, State of Kentucky,
living there until six years of age, coming to the State of Illinois
and remaining for six years, then returning to Kentucky and living
there for twelve years, and again returning to Illinois, constitutes
a Yankee, then I am one." It is unnecessary to add that the ex-
planation was satisfactory, and the appointment made. Being of
an energetic turn of mind, and something of an enthusiast, he at
once took a leading part in the affairs of t^e county, and has ever
since been in active life, having many times been honored by the
citizens of the county with the highest offices within their gift.

Strict economy governed the Commissioners in all the affairs
pertaining to the weltare of the county. Every bill presented was
carefully scrutinized, and value received was invariably required
before payment. We may here remark that such has always been
the action of every Board of County Commissioners, or Super-
visors, since the organization of the county, which will ac-
count for the good credit always enjoyed. Very few bills of
doubtful propriety have ever been smuggled through.

At the March term of the County Commissioners' Court James
Clarke was allowed the sum of three dollars lor going to Spring-
field and entering the land upon which the original town of Ma-
comb was located. As remarked in a preceding chapter, the
money was well earned, for while returning home he was over-
taken by the big snow storm, and was several days in making the
trip. We have' heard him remark that often times while on the
journey he thought he w r ould be compelled to give up and lie
down and die. The snow in many places had drifted so much
that his horse could not get through, and he would be compelled
to effect a passage by raking it away with his hands.

In payment for the use of his house for court purposes John
Baker was granted the fee simple right to two lots in the town of
Macomb, which was then to be laid out. John J. Keatori was em-
ployed to make the survey, for which he was allowed the sum of
thirty-five dollars. David Clarke and John Baker were employed
to carry the chain, for which they each received fifty cents a day.
William McDonald received sixty-two and a half cents per day for
driving the stakes, the work being more arduous than that of
carrying the chain. It appears from bills allowed by the County
Commissioners' Court the wages paid laborers at this time were
from fifty cents to one dollar per day.

Many laughable anecdotes are related of this survey. Mr.
Keaton was not a regular surveyor, and is said to have known
less about surveying than those who carried the chain. He had
great difficulty in making the corners in fact never did make
them, and they havenever been straightened to this day. Another
man being wanted to assist in the work, several were approached
for this purpose, but all had an excuse to make, one man replying
thathe would notgive thepleasureof his day's drunk for the two best
lots in the town. It should be remembered there were few teeto-
talers in the county at that time. The first plat of the town not

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 29

proving satisfactory, the citizens petitioned the County Commis-
sioners to change it, which was done, although one of the members
of the board, Hon. James Vance, entered upon the records of the
court his protest against the action.

At a meeting of the Board of County Commissioners, held April
12, 18-31, the question of building a Court House was discussed,
and the following order made :

Ordered, That the building of a house, to be used as a Court House, be let to the lowest
bidder, of the following description, to-wit : To be built of logs, hewed on both sides,
to face from nine to twelve inches : to be built eighteen feet by twenty, with a white oak
plank floor above and below, laid loose ; nine feet between the joist and sleepers, the sleep-
ers laid two feet apart, laid on the sills ; joists not more than two feet apart, of good white
oak, hewed, or sawed four inches thick by nine inches wide : to be chinked and daubed
on the outside ; one door six and one-half feet high and three feet wide, well faced and
cased : a good batten door, hung on good iron hinges ; one window, to have twelve panes
of glass, and one window of six panes of glass ; to be placed in said building by the in-
struction of James M. Campbell : each window to have a good strong batten shutter, hung
with butt hinges, covered with boards four feet long, of good width, and what is called
double covered, with good gutters and eaves. The said building when completed and
finished to be done in workmanlike manner. The said building to be on a lot in the town
of Macomb, (on a lot) to be in due time, that is within two weeks, made known to the
undertaker. The undertaker will be required to give bonds, with sufficient security, for
the faithful performance of his undertaking in the penal sum of double the amount of
his bid, made payable to the County Commissioners, or their successors in office, for the
use of the county, that the said house shall be finished on or before the first day of Sep-
tember iiist.

It is further ordered, That the weight poles are to be of sufficient weight to be of ser-
vice : that the undertaker furnish everything necessary for the above building, except the
glass for the windows.

On the same day the above propositions were made the contract
was let to ^Villiam Southward for the sum of sixty-nine dollars
and fifty cents. As will be observed, there is a considerable dif-
ference between the first and last buildings erected for court pur-
poses.

At this same meeting John Baker applied for a license to keep
a tavern, which request was ordered on his paying into the Coun-
ty Treasury the sum of six dollars and fifty cents, together with the
Clerk's tees for issuing the license. The board then adopted the
following scale of prices to govern inn-keepers in the county :

For each meal of victuals $0 25

For each night's lodgings

For each horse feed per night 25

For each horse feed

For each half pint of whisky

For each half pint French brandy 25

For each half pint Holland gin or wine 25

For each half pint peach brandy -

30 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

It will doubtless seem strange to our young readers to know
that this John Baker, to whom a license was granted to keep a
tavern, which was but another name for a grocery and whisky
shop, was a Baptist preacher, but such was the fact. He figured
for several years in the county as a minister of the gospel and a
retailer of the ardent. He, a few days after obtaining his license,
took as a partner Samuel Bogart, a Methodist preacher, and, under
the name of Bogart, Baker & Co., the firm engaged in the sale of
dry goods, groceries, whisky, tobacco, etc. That no preacher is
now allowed to drink, much less sell ardent spirits, is certainly
proof sufficient to show that the temperance cause is advancing.

By an examination of the records of the Board of County Com-
missioners, we find that four licenses were granted during this
year (1831) to keep tavern in Macomb, from which it may be sup-
posed that liquor was in demand. We can scarcely imagine who
their customers were, and can only solve the problem by suppos-
ing that they carried on business after the manner of the old man
and his wife, who, owning a barrel of cider between them, and only
a sixpence to spend, tapped the barrel at both ends, and sold to
each other.

On the twenty-sixth day of April the first public sale of lots was
made in the town of Macomb, William Edmondston acting as
auctioneer, he having previously been appointed by the board as
commissioner for the sale of all lots. But few were sold, and the.
amount realized was quite small.

On the sixth day of June John Baker resigned the position of
Clerk of the County Commissioners' Court, and James M. Camp-
bell was appointed in his stead " during good behavior." We
conclude his behavior must have been good, for he held the posi-
tion for many years. He was required to give bond in the sum of
$1,000 to "faithfully, fairly and impartially do and perform the
duties of Clerk of the County Commissioners' Court to the best of-
his understanding and abilities."

License was required at this time for the sale of all kinds of mer-
chandise, and we find applications made by James M. Campbell,
Henton & Robinson, and Bogart. Baker & Co. to keep a " dry
goods and retail store," which were granted on the payment of
the sum of five dollars per year, together with the Clerk's fees.
These firms all transacted business in Macomb.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 31

At this meeting of the board the various magistrate districts
were made election precincts for the Congressional election, to be
held the first Monday in August. For this election the clerks
were each allowed one dollar and twelve and a half cents, and the
judges one dollar per day. We suppose the clerk's duties were
more laborious, hence the difference in price.

By an act of Congress the sixteenth section of land in every
township was set apart, and the proceeds otits sale used, for com-
mon school purposes. Commissioners were appointed in each
county to superintend its sale and take charge of the proceeds.
In September of this year James Vance received the appointment
as Commissioner of School Lands, and was instructed by the board
to loan all money received therefor for not less than twelve per
cent, per annum. Trustees for each township were also appointed
for the school lands.

The assessment of taxes then and now will bear no comparison,
as we learn from the records that Resin Naylor was only allowed
fifteen dollars for assessing the taxes of the whole county.

The Court House was finished according to contract, and Cir-
cuit Court convened therein for its second term on the twenty -first
day of October. There were present the Hon. KichardM. Young,
Circuit Judge; Hon. Thomas Ford, State's Attorney; William
Southward, Sheriff', and James M. Campbell, Clerk. At this ses-
sion considerable business was transacted, the most important be-
ing the trial of David Morgan for murder. This was a case from
Schuyler county. After a patient hearing, the jury rendered its
verdict, finding him guilty, as charged in the indictment. For
some cause the verdict was set aside, the indictment quashed, and
the prisoner discharged.

An indictment was found by the grand jury against Thomas
Morgan, a brother of David, for murder, after which he was ar-
rested, and obtained a continuance of his case until the next term
of court. There being no jail in the county, he was remanded by
the Judge to the Schuyler county jail. At the next session of the
court he obtained a farther continuance, and ere another term he
broke jail, and was never afterward heard from.

Quite a number settled in the county this year, among whom
was J. W. Brattle, for many years surveyor for the county, and a
man well and universally esteemed. Mr. Brattle has probably
done more surveying in McDonough county than all others com-
bined since the organization of the county.

32 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

John Huston resigned the office of County Treasurer on the
seventeenth day of March, 1831. Resin Baylor was appointed to
succeed him, and was placed under bonds to the amount of $800.
Quite a difference between his bond and that of the present Treas-
urer of the county, who is held in the sum of $530,000. Mr. Nay-
lor continued to hold the office a number of years, receiving his
appointment each year from the Board of County Commissioners.

Twelve couples were united in the holy bonds of matrimony this
year.

At the time Mr. Campbell came to the county there was no
postoffice within its limits, citizens obtaining their mail from Kush-
ville, the nearest office. He at once made arrangements with the
Postmaster at that place to send him the mail belonging to citi-
zens of this county, he becoming personally responsible for the
payment of the postage, which at that time was scarcely ever pre-
paid, the price being twenty-live cents per letter. It is said of
Mr. Campbell that on receiving the letters he placed them in his
hat in order that he might accommodate the people as he met
them on the streets or elsewhere. A. petition was sent to the
Postmaster General for the establishment of an office at Macomb,
and for the appointment of Mr. Campbell as Postmaster, which
was granted, and his commission was received December 1, 1831.
He held the office for some fifteen years, save for a period ot three
months, in 1841, when George W. Damron was appointed in his
stead.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 33

CHAPTER III.
1832-34.

During the years 1832 and 1833 but few matters of importance
transpired in the county. The seasons came and went a few
families moved into the county, a few others moved out of it, be-
coming dissatisfied with the hard life of the pioneer. And it was
indeed hard. Very few of the immigrants were possessed of any
considerable property; there was no market for what was raised ;
money was held at a high rate of interest, and the securities offered
were poor. Those who remained in the county were of two
classes, those who were too poor to get away, and those who be-
lieved there was " millions in it."

Up to this time no place had been provided for the confinement
of prisoners, there being but little necessity for any. The want
now began to be felt ; accordingly, at the March (1833) term of
the Board of County Commissioners, the subject was fully can-
vassed, and it was agreed that a jail should be built. The order
was made in the following terms :

Ordered, That the building of a jail for said county be let to the lowest bidder on the
second Monday of April next, and that the Clerk advertise the same, to-wit : Twenty feet
square, with three rooms at least nine feet between the floor and ceiling : the walls built of
hewed logs, twelve inches square, laid close, dovetailed together and pinned, each log at
the comer, so as not to admit of anything passing through the inside of said rooms; to be
lined with plank two inches thick, of white oak, spiked on across the logs, laid close ;
with the floor of said sized timber of two thicknesses, crossing at right angles, with a ceil-
ing ; and as a floor, of the same said plank, and spiked over, as on the walls, of the
following description : The walls planked are to be spiked in diamond form, four inches
square on all the walls, ceilings and floors, with a clapboard roof nailed on, the boards to
be three feet long, and of good width ; all of which to be done in workmanlike manner^
&c.: with three doors covered with sheet iron, with a place left so as to open on hinges ; a
small grate in the center of the two inner doors, and to be so fixed as to be as strong
when done as though they were solid ; with three grates, two large enough to admit a pane
of glass ten by twelve, with a sash swinging on hinges on the inside of each room, and
one window large enough to contain six panes of glass : in each window to be placed two
H 3

34 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

grates of iron bars only four inches square from center to center of the bars ; and two
outside doors to the criminal rooms, hanging on the outside, opening into the debtor's
room, and that the bar to be of iron three inches breadth bar, and crossing through the
center with bars one inch square ; the house to be placed on a stone foundation, built at
least six inches above the highest point of the ground, and to set into and under the sur-
face at least two feet, two feet thick, and the space tilled with stone to the lower part of
the floor ; and the whole to be completed in a workmanlike manner, &c.

The contract was let to James Edmondson, who, in due time,
completed the work to the satisfaction of the Commissioners. The
building yet stands, and has been used for over twenty years by
the city of Macomb as a city prison, going by the name of the
" old calaboose."

This building has always been considered a pretty strong one,
but \ve are informed " by one who knows " that, when first built,
a man by the name of John Seward was incarcerated in it for as-
sault on one Devonshire. Not liking his quarters, he kicked a log
out, and was soon a free man. He was evidently good on the
kick.

The following rather strange order was spread upon the records
at this term of the court :

Ordered, That the Treasurer assess a tax at the rate of one-half per cent, on town lots,
provided that Congress has repealed the law exempting public lands sold from taxes for
five years, and that he govern himself according to law ; and on slaves, registered or in-
dentured negro or mulatto servants; on pleasure carriages, on distilleries, on all horses,
mares, mules, asses and neat cattle above the age of three years, and also on all horses,
mules, asses and neat cattle under three years of age ; on watches and clocks, and their
appendages, on wagons and carts, on hogs and sheep.

But one slave was known to have been held in the county, and
it seemed to be the determination that none should be allowed
unless duly taxed.

The Court House erected in 1831 becoming too small, it was de-
termined to erect one of brick, " two stories high, and not more
than forty-six feet square." An advertisement was inserted in
the 1 Jacksonville Patriot in March or April, 1833, for plans and
specifications for such a building, and in answer plans were fur-
nished at the May term of the Board, and one adopted, as follows :

Ordered, That the following be the plans of a Court House in and for the county of
McDonough, viz : The foundation walls of stone, forty-six feet four inches square, and
two feet thick and three feet high ; one foot above the surface of the earth ; which founda-
tion shall be made of stone, range work above the ground, and to show a smooth face o r
front, nicely hewed, and laid in lime and sand mortar ; also two division stone walls (of
the same as above) twelve by twenty feet in the west end, that being the northwest and
southwest corners of said building, which walls are to be eighteen inches thick, three feet
high, one foot above the surface of the earth ; there will be a wall extending from the cor-
ners of each of the jury or small rooms to the east end of the building, at parallel lines

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 35

with the outside foundation wall, same depth in the ground, and only to come to the sur-
face of the earth, eighteen inches thick, laid in lime and sand mortar ; walls made of first
rate brick and other suitable materials, forty feet square, lower story eighteen inches thick
and fourteen feet high, upper story to be thirteen inch walls and twelve feet high : the
small rooms, inside walls, to be thirteen inch walls ; on the outside an oval and round
cornice of brick ; one circular top door frame four feet by eight and a half feet
in the clear, with pannel work, and glass on each side and above, placed in the north,
south and west centers of the walls of the house ; a window placed six feet above the
Judge's seat, and thirty-six window frames, sixteen of which in the lower story and
twenty in the upper, each to contain twelve panes of glass twelve by eighteen inches, at
equal distances, to be proportionate, and to have above each a double arch (thirteen inches)
finished off smooth. The frame of the cupola to be run up through the center of the
house-top ; in the corners of the house, on the lower floor, will be a fire place of conven-
ient size, and above, in the jury rooms, in the northwest and southwest corners, a small
fire place, and in the northeast corner, above the gallery, will be left a space and flue for
a stove pipe ; chimneys to be run out five feet above each corner of said building ; the
short joist will be three by ten inches ; the long joist four by ten inches ; making a round
foundation for a circular cupola ten feet in diameter, three feet above the roof, and closed
in so as to make a roof to keep out the rain ; a square roof, with an eave all around, sheet-
ing jointed, and laid close, and with good and sufficient and suitable jointed shingles
eighteen inches long, and to show six inches : all of which work shall be done in work-
like manner ; and the timber of said building shall be of the most suitable kind : the
sills of the windows and doors are to be of black walnut, three inches thick, and of suffi-
cient width : the walls to be jointed and penciled : which shall be advertised by the Clerk
in the Jacksonville paper (Patriot) three insertions ; to be let to the lowest bidder on the
iirst Monday of June next ; which building is to be completed according to the contract
on or before the first day of November, 1834.

An advance of one-fourth of the bid will be made to the undertaker so soon as com-
menced, in order to carry on the building, one-fourth to be paid when the contract is half
done, one-fourth when the contract is completed and received, and one-fourth at the ex-
piration of nine months from the time the contract and work is received by the County
Commissioners' Court. Bond, with approved security or securities, will be required to be
given in a penalty of double the amount of the undertaker's bid, which penalty will be
required as a forfeiture in case the contract is not complied with in every respect.

James Clarke, Moses Hentoa and Benjamin T. Xaylcr were ap-
pointed by the court as a committee to superintend the erection of
the building. George Miller and John T. Bishop were awarded
the contract for the stone and brick work for the sum of two thou-
sand four hundred and ninety-eight dollars. They immediately
entered upon the work, and in due time completed their under-
taking to the satisfaction of the court.

In the month of September, 1835, a further contract was made
by the county with Morris Roberts and David F. Martin to com-
plete the inclosure of the building for the sum of one thousand
three hundred and thirty-four dollars. This part of the work was
finished and accepted in the spring of 1836. A further contract
was made with Benjamin T. Xaylor and Robert A. Brazleton for

the completion of the wood work, painting, etc., for one thousand
dollars. Their part of the work gave satisfaction, was accepted
by the court, and McDonough county had a Court House in which
her citizens felt a just pride. It was built at a total cost of four
thousand eight hundred and thirty-two dollars.

By permission of the contractors, Circuit Court was held in the
building in the fall of 1836, and all other courts immediately
thereafter. It was used for all county purposes thenceforward
until the year 1869, a period of thirty-three years, save during
the years between 1860 and 1866. In the former year, while Hon.
C. L. Higbeewas making apolitical speech in the courtroom, the
walls of the building began to crack, and there was a general
stampede of the crowd. In a moment's time the Judge had
naught but empty benches to address. Campbell's Hall was then
secured for court purposes, and was so used until the spring of
1866, when the walls of the Court House were patched up, and the
building again used. It was never regarded safe, however, and
the crowds assembled there were always in fear the walls would
give way and destruction would be their doom. In consequence
of this state of affairs the Sheriff and his bailiffs could never keep
order, and the patience of the Judge was sorely tried. On the
least noise being heard, the timid would precipitately retire from
the room. The Judge could stand it no longer, so, in 1868, he
publicly declared that McDonough county must have a new and
better Court House. The Board of Supervisors immediately
acted upon the suggestion of the court, and, as a result, we have
the present magnificent building.

The expenses of the county up to this time were very small in-
deed, nearly all being incidental to its organization. The county
was organized July 3, 1830, and for the six months remaining in
that year, paid out $78 25 ; for the year 1831, the sum of $436 42J;
and in 1832 was paid $510 01J. From this it appears that our
public officers were as economical as are those of the present day.
A little seeming extravagance may be manifest (at least it would
so seem to the present generation) in this account allowed James
M. Campbell for clothing, opium and tobacco furnished certain
paupers. The two latter articles are now hardly considered among
the necessaries of life, however they may have been regarded then.
Other equally strange matters are upon record, as for instance, in
1831, the rate for tavern license was $6 50 per year, and for mer-

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 37

cautile license $5. In 1833 tavern license was reduced to $3, and
mercantile raised to $15, which was again, in 1835, raised to $25,
while tavern license remained about the same. Would not saloon
keepers of the present day be happy if they could obtain license
for the small sum of 3 per year, and by it enjoy the protection of
the law?

At the April term (1834) of the County Commissioners' Court,
William Willis was appointed County Treasurer, his bond being
fixed at $2,500. He only retained the office one month, when
Resin Baylor was again reappointed.

In June, 1832, a battalion of men was raised in this and Warren
counties, under call of the Governor, for service in the Black
Hawk war. The organization was effected at Macomb, the War-
ren county men coming to this place for that purpose. Samuel
Bogart, of McDonough, was chosen Major; Peter Butler, of War-
ren, Captain ; McAllen, of Warren, First Lieutenant ; John

Wilson, of McDonough, Second Lieutenant. They marched to
the town ofOquawka, and they were there stationed for the pur-
pose of guarding the frontier. They were out eighty-six days,
but performed no special service. They drew their rations regu-
larly, ate heartily, played euchre, and visited the friendly Indian
camps on the opposite side of the river. At the expiration of their
term, they all returned to Macomb, and received their discharge.

The following were among the number serving in this war :
Major Samuel Bogart, Lieutenant John Wilson, David Clarke,
James M. Campbell, Abraham Dover, J.L. Russell, Larkin Osborne,
Jefferson Penniugton, Mr. Shannon, William Tetherow, Asa Cook,
Mr. Langley, Solomon Osborne, Orsaruus Farrington, David
Tetherow, Iraby Job, Andrew Calhoun, Berry Jones, Uriah Cook,
Daniel Campbell, Shadrack Goens, John McFadden, George Teth-
erow, William Southward, Lacy Jones, Samuel P. Lewis, James
Tetherow, Lewis F. Temple, James C. Head, Isaac Morris, Nicholas
Campbell.

This battalion was mounted, each man furnishing his own
horse, and, as remarked, were out eighty-six days, and received
therefor the remunerative sum of eighty-six cents per day for self
and horse. Afterward the general government was kind enough
to give to each participant a bounty of eighty acres of land.

A number of instances are related of the sudden change in the
temperature of the weather from comparative warmth to extreme

38 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

cold. On the sixteenth day of March, 1832, David Clarke and
William Carter were returning from Frederick to Macomb, each
with a wagon load of goods. On the morning of this day they
left the residence of a man living near Doddsville, and proceeded
about one mile when it became so cold they could go no further.
Unhitching their oxen from the wagons, they broke for the near-
est house, barely reaching it alive. On this same day two men
left Blandinsville for Fort Madison, the weather at starting being
comparatively pleasant. They had gone but a short distance
when they discovered they were freezing. One of the party hur-
ried oft for help, which was obtained, and, on going back, the
other party was found but a short distance from where he was left
frozen to death. Again on the morning of the same day, a man left
Macomb for his home near Blandinsville, or Job's settlement, and
had reached the prairie on the north when the change in the
weather occurred. Unhitching his oxen, he started them toward
the timber, at the same time catching hold and holding on to their
tails. The oxen brought up at a house not very far distant, and
the man endeavored tc loosen his hands, but was unable to do so*
and the inmates of the cabin were compelled to pull him loose, the
entire skin of his hands coming off in doing so.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 39

CHAPTEK IV.

THE LOST CHILD.

The incidents related in the following story will readily be re-
called to mind by every old settler of the county. This story
was first published in the Macomb Journal, January, 1874,
and was written by Miss Imogeue Updegraff, daughter of Joseph
P. Updegraff, of Macomb, the facts being furnished by the latter.
The article was read with the greatest interest, and a demand made
that we give it permanent form in this history :

One Sunday afternoon, in August, 1834, two of the older sons of
Ephraim Palmer, living near the line separating Walnut Grove
from Macomb township, with several of the younger children,
went out to obtain some melons, growing a short distance from the
house. After obtaining all they desired, they returned, and as
they neared the house, the mother came out to meet them, and
anxiously inquired :

" Jonathan, where is Willie? Didn't he go with you ?"

" Couldn't say, mother ; there's always so many of the small fry
at my heels that I don't stop to count them."

" Jonathan, my son, you shouldn't speak so. What if Willie
should be lost?"

"No danger, mother; he'll turn up soon enough."

But the heart of the mother was not to be comforted in such a
way. She was in constant dread of some of her little ones wander-
ing away and being lost, and possibly being devoured by wolves,
which infested the country at the time.

After looking around for some time, Mrs. Palmer again ex-
pressed her anxiety by saying :

44 Jonathan, I am sure Willie did go to the patch with you. I
have looked everywhere, and cannot find him."

The father, just aroused from a nap, said :

40 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

" Come, boys, let's return to the patch. I have no fears the lit-
tle one is lost, but it will relieve the anxiety of your mother."

Back to the patch they went, but no traces of the child could
be found, and they returned to the house, trusting to find him
there. But not so. The family were now fully aroused and feared
the worst. They searched in the corn, on the prairie near the
field, and through the timber, but still no trace of the lost one.

Night coming on, the mother's anxiety knew no bounds, and
as the hours passed, she would cry out again and again :

"O my child ! My precious Willie! Where is he? Have the
wolves torn him to pieces ? Has my little boy been drowned ?
Go look for him again ! My God, I shall go wild !"

Palmer and his sons continued looking for the child until
morning, but becoming convinced it was useless to pursue the
search alone, the boys started with all speed to the nearest settle-
ment for help. Levi Hamilton was the nearest neighbor, and he
lived three miles away. Quite a number volunteered in the search
from Macomb, among whom were Col. William Bailey, J. M.
Campbell, James Clarke, David Clarke, J. L. Russell, J. W.
Westfall, Thompson Chandler, Charles Chandler, J. L. Anderson,
J. P. Updegrafi, and it may be others. Some went from Job's
settlement, Carter's settlement, and other points. Col. William
Bailey was selected as leader, and search was begun in a very
thorough and systematic manner. A critical survey of the field
was made; not a corn row or fence corner escaped unnoticed. Not
even a track was found to keep alive the fast fading hope that had
been so bright a little while before. The prairie south of the field
was next traversed, and then the timber, and at night the party
returned with no tidings of the lost child.

Tuesday morning dawned bright and beautiful. Ere this the
tidings of a "lost child" had reached the most distant settlements,
and many came to assist in the search, even from Schuyler and
Fulton counties. The sad tidings were carried from cabin to
cabin, until the whole community was aroused.

On the second day, there being a greater number of men, longer
lines were formed, and they were thus enabled to traverse a larger
scope of country than on the day previous.

The interest taken in the search was unparalleled. The dis-
appearance of the child was so mysterious, and apparently beyond
solution, that great interest was awakened. On this day the prai-

HISTORY- OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 41

rie was scoured as far south as "Wolf Grove, and also a large body
of timber following the course of Crooked Creek.

As the day wore on, many became discouraged and gave up the
search, and when darkness surrounded them the entire party was
nearly hopeless. Again they were compelled to report no tidings
of the loved and lost.

Only one section of the couutry now remained to be searched,
and those who still cherished a taint hope determined to come
again on the morrow and spend one more day in quest ot the
child.

Another long night of suspense, and then who could tell what
the day would bring forth?

Wednesday morning found the disappearance of the child still
an unsolved mystery. Three nights of ceaseless restlessness, and
days of suspense and hopeless agony, left the mother in a danger-
ous condition. Completely exhausted, both in mind and body,
she lay unconscious of everything, save the loss of her child.
Hours of weeping and prayer had prostrated the over-taxed nerv-
ous system, and the only sign of consciousness was her frequent
moaniugs. The other members of the family were worn out.
Their aching limbs refused to longer carry their tired bodies, and
they were denied even the poor relief of action.

All day Wednesday the search was renewed. Xight came on,
and yet the mystery of the little one seemed no nearer a solution
than when the day's work began. The faithful friends now de-
spaired of finding the child alive. A few men agreed to come the
next day and help those who were still sanguine of success to ex-
plore the country farther down the creek.

Thursday, the fourth and last day of the search, was a beautiful
one indeed. With the morning came the friends who were to
make one last desperate effort to obtain some clue to the child's
fate.

Palmer and his sous had taken some rest, and early in the morn-
ing were on their feet ready to resume the search.

The company organized in two parties, one going south to
strike Crooked Creek at Wolf Grove and work up stream, the
other commenced among the head waters, where darkness had
compelled them to stop the night before.

Before night they hoped to search the entire length of the
stream, searching all the branches and country on either side, un-

42 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

less it be rendered unnecessary by finding some traces of the lost
one. In this way they worked all forenoon without finding any-
thing to reward their labor, and some were ready to give up; but
when word was brought to them that the mother's life seemed to
depend entirely on the return of her child, they were touched with
her utter helplessness, and feared to abandon the search lest de-
spair should snap the frail link that held her soul to earth. So
they worked on, some still eager to be the lucky one to discover
the boy.

About the middle of the afternoon, when the two parties had
advanced to within a mile of each other, Crosby Bowman, one of
the men, working down stream, espied something in the mud that
looked like the print of a little bare foot; but it was so nearly ob-
literated by the washing of the water that he could not be at all
certain. He looked farther up the bank in hope of finding tracks
that the water had not reached, but not the slightest impression
was to be seen.

Passing the word along the line "look closely along the
banks, a track has been seen" they advanced in the direction in-
dicated by the foot mark. Some yards from the first impression
another was seen, and presently another, until the men were half
wild with joy and excitement. They followed the trail backward
until convinced that there could be no mistake ; then turned back
to where it led directly into the stream. The water was waded
out to the middle of the creek and measured. The depth turned
their joy to sadness, for it would reach the boy's chin ; and now
they felt sure that he had been drowned in attempting to cross. A
runner was sent to the other party, and all began the sad task
of dragging the creek for the body of the brave boy.

The poor father and sons could work no longer. Xow that
hope was dead, their strength forsook them and they could only
wait for their friends to recover the body.

"Hold !" cried one. As they worked near the opposite bank
other foot-prints were seen. Could it be that the child crossed the
deep water in safety ? Yea, it was a trail. Filled with joy and
surprise, they left the water and turned to the land. Father and
brothers were strong once more and led the way. The trail fol-
lowed the creek for some distance, then struck out into the bushes.
North of the creek, some two or three miles from Walnut Grove,
was a blackberry region, and the trail led through the thickest
places. It was wonderful to think a little child could make his

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 4&

way th rough the dense thickets without being sadly torn by the
briers. The path of the little bare feet was very crooked, going
this way and that, in and out, back and forth, after every ripe
berry the hungry little tellow had espied. The berries were all
gone along the trail, and it was very evident the venturesome
rogue had been having a blackberry excursion on his own hook.
But as they left the bushes the trail grew indistinct and then
stopped. They pressed forward with all possible speed, at the same
time proceeding cautiously for fear of frightening the child.
Some who had been through all the four days were still eager to-
be first in catching a glimpse of the boy. They worked on until
about a half mile from the creek, when Henry Russell, one of the
party, peering through the bushes, spied something in the dis-
tance dodging about from bush to bush. He looked again and
this time got a full view of the long-sought-for child, standing up
by a bush eating berries. Word went along the line:

" Silence, the boy has been seen."

They crept up noiselessly, but when quite near, the boy saw
them and started to run.

George Miller advanced toward the child and held out a biscuit.
He evidently regarded them at first sight as something frightful,
and showed signs of having forgotten his past life, and of having*
become a child of the woods. Miller advanced slow T ly, saying :

"Willie, don't you want a biscuit? Don't Willie want to go-
home and see mamma ? ??

The child eyed him curiously as if trying to tell what he meant,,
but seeing the biscuit, came slowly forward, as if afraid, and when
near enough snatched the bread, ran back a little way, stopped
and ate it as if half starved. They let him finish the biscuit, then
coaxed him nearer, and finally one of them lifted him up to Mil-
ler, who had mounted his horse. The little fellow did not like
that, however. As he had got to be quite a pedestrian he seemed
to prefer walking. He kicked and screamed, and seemed for the
first time to remember that he could talk a little. They had
hard work to pacify him, but finally he gave up, and they started
homeward.

The father and boys were not in the line when the boy was-
found, but had gone back to the creek to follow up the trail once
more.

Word was sent to them, and when they came up with the re-
turning party, the child knew them, and they were so overjoyed
that they laughed and cried by turns.

As they returned home, they all concluded that when the
other children left the watermelon patch, Willie had either lagged
behind, or went back after another melon, and, missing his way,
started out in the direction of the prairie instead of the cabin,
wandered out across the prairie toward the northeast, crossed the
creek, and tarried among the blackberries.

They found where he had slept in an old stump, with sprouts
grown up all around it, forming a kind of shelter.

From the way the grass was tramped, they were led to believe
that he had slept there several times and used it for a place of re-
treat.

He did not seem to have worried about being away from home,
but apparently had been having a general good time, eating berries
and sleeping in an old tree.

Several had gone on ahead to prepare the mother for the com-
ing of her child. Among them was the Rev. William J. Frazier,
and to him fell the delicate task of breaking the news to the al-
most lifeless woman. He entered the cabin and approached the
bed on which the poor woman lay. He spoke to her, asking if
she felt better. A moan was her only answer.

"My good woman," said the minister, " you ought not to grieve
in this way. Wouldn't you feel better to sit up a little?"

" No, no," came feebly from her lips.

" My dear friend," said he, " God is good

At that she started up with glaring eyes, and cried :

"What do you mean, man, by telling me that God is good,
when he has taken my Willie away."

"My good woman calm yourself; God is good to those "

"Hush," she cried, springing from the bed, " I don't believe it,
or he would have answered my prayers and brought my darling
back."

" What if he should bring Willie back, would your prayers be
answered then ?" said the good man.
She sank back on the bed sobbing.
" Then they have found him dead. My Willie dead ?"

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 45

" Dear friend, what if the good Lord should bring him back
alive ?"

She started to her feet, seized hold of the minister, and said
hoarsely :

" Speak out, man. What do you mean ? Don't torture me
longer. Tell me, tell me! have they found him?"

" Yes," said the minister, " they have found him safe and well."

She sank at the man's feet in a swoon. They soon restored her
to consciousness, and the party came in with the child. She caught
him in her arms, sobbing :

" Oh, Willie, my darling boy ! Safe, safeatlast ! Don't Willie
know mamma?" smiling through her tears.

"Yes, I know mamma," lisped the child. And the poor woman
exhausted herself with joy as she had done with grief. Father,
brothers and friends stood around laughing and crying for joy. It
was almost night, and the rescuers returned to their homes with a
thousand thanks from the happy family, and what was still better
with the consciousness of having done their whole duty.

The young men who then took part in the search, are now old
or have passed from earth. Forty years rolls around and scarcely
any of those so full of life and the love of adventure are left to tell
the tale. Then they were full of hope and promise ; now only
one here and there is left to tell us of pioneer life in times long
gone by.

46 HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER V.

MURDER OF JOHN WILSOX.

Previous to November, 1834, there was no event in the history
of McDonough county calculated to arouse any particular excite-
ment among her citizens, save the incident of the lost child, an ac-
count of which we publish in a previous chapter. The settlers of
that day pursued the even tenor of their way, endeavoring to make
for themselves and families a home in this unbroken wildness.
Their little troubles were settled by a fair tight, and a friendly
drink afterward, and no hard feelings were entertained.

A year or two previous to the time of which we write, Elias Mc-
Fadden, his son, David, and son-in-law, Wylie McFadden, with
their families, came to this county and settled on the farm now
owned and occupied by William Hunter, about one mile south of
Macomb. If reports are correct, all were of an over-bearing and
quarrelsome nature, and from the first trouble ensued between
them and their neighbors.

John Wilson^ the murdered man, came to the county about the
same time, and settled on what is known as the " Rutby " Wilson
farm, adjoining McFadden's, now Hunter's place. Wilson was
generally respected by all ; a good-natured, yet bold and fearless
man.

The McFaddens and Wilson had not long been neighbors be-
fore there was trouble between them in reference to some timber
land lying near. Threats were made by the former against the
latter, and at the time of the murder, as it afterward was shown,
Wylie McFadden was in Rushville consulting Judge Minshall as
to whether they had the right to kill Wilson should he appear on
their place.

In the early part of the month of November, 1834, an execution
was placed in the hands of Nelson Montgomery, Constable and

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 47

Deputy Sheriff of the county, against Wylie McFadden, directing
him to levy on the property of said Wylie McFadden to satisfy a
judgment against him in favor of Henton & Robinson, merchants
in Macomb. Mr. Montgomery took the execution and called upon
Wilson to accompany him, and take his team, that he might haul
away a certain amount of corn he proposed to seize to satisfy the
claim. Apprehending no danger, Mr. Wilson agreed to accom-
pany him. Arriving at the place, they were met by Elias McFad-
den, who engaged them in conversation, decoying them around to
the north side of the house, and when in proper range, through
the window, David McFadden committed the foul deed, shooting
Wilson down, without a word of warning. Mr. Montgomery
caught him. as he fell, and dragged him within a woodshed and
hurried off to town and gave the alarm. A crowd of excited peo-
ple at once proceeded out to the scene of the murder, and found
Elias McFadden coolly repairing a fence, while near by lay Wilson
in a supposed dying condition. McFadden was at once arrested,
and search was made for the then unknown murderer. Search-
ing the house, a rifle was found in the corner near the ncrth win-
dow unloaded ; a pane of glass was found broken out of the
window; a book laying upon the sill, and the sash and book both
powder-marked. The question now arose who committed the
deed. Wylie McFadden was supposed to be away, and David was
not known to be near. Searching, footsteps were found leading
from the house in the direction of the residence of David McFad-
den, who lived just across the hollow on the west side. Follow-
ing the tracks, they were led to the door of David McFadden's
house; and going in they found him at work on a shoemaker's
bench, as entirely unconcerned as his father, and acting as inno-
cently as though no cold-blooded murder had taken place. He
was at once arrested, and, in company with his father, brought to
town and placed under guard, to await the result of the wound in-
flicted upon Mr. Wilson. Wylie McFadden, coming home the
same evening, was likewise arrested.

Mr. Wilson lived some days. On his death a preliminary ex-
amination was had before James Clarke, Esq., Justice of the
Peace, the evidence being as already narrated, and the three men,
Elias, David and Wylie McFadden were committed to the county
jail, without bail, to await the meeting of the Circuit Court.

On the fifteenth day of November, 1834, the grand jury found a
true bill of indictment against the three, and a few days afterward

48 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

they were brought before the court; a change of venue was asked
and granted, and two of the party, Elias and David, were taken
the following spring (1835) to Rushville, Schuyler county, for trial.
Wylie McFadden was "discharged by the Judge, there being no
evidence against him.

George Wison, Alfred Evans, kelson Montgomery, Joseph Up-
degrafT, J. "W". Brattle, Moses Henton, William J. Frazier, William
Bowen, Daniel Bowen, Perry Keys, and James Anderson were
each placed under bonds of $300 to appear as witnesses in the
case.

In May, 1835, the case was called in the Circuit Court at Rush-
ville, and Elias and David McFadden, father and son, were placed
upon trial for their lives. Judge Young presided, and Cyrus
Walker appeared for the people as Prosecuting Attorney, while
Judge Min shall assumed the hopeless task of defending the mur-
derers.

The trial lasted for several days, Mr. Walker, well known as the
best criminal lawyer in the West, exerted all his powers to weave
around the murderers a chain of unimpeachable, testimony. Judge
Minshall defended in a most admirable manner, doing all for his
clients that it was possible for man to do, but without avail. In
his speech, he charged the Judge, the attorney for the people, and
the jury also, of not prosecuting, but persecuting his clients.

As was expected, the jury brought in a verdict of murder in the
first degree, and upon Judge Young devolved the duty of pro-
nouncing the sentence of death. This was done, and in due time,
upon a scaffold, erected in a hollow near the city of Rushville,
Elias and David McFadden paid the penalty for the crime com-
mitted. Thomas Hayden, as Sheriff of the county, erected the
scaffold, and his son, acting as Deputy Sheriff, pulled the drop that
launched the souls of the guilty men into eternity. His bill of
$1 50 for hanging the guilty wretches is now on file in the County
Clerk's office at Macomb.

Such, in brief, is the record of the second murder that ever oc-
curred in McDonough county. For the facts in the case we are
indebted to James Clarke, David Clarke, John O. C. Wilson, J.
M. Campbell, and others. We believe the story is as exact as it is
possible to get it at this late day, and only in minor details can
exceptions be taken.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 49

CHAPTER VI.

PERSONAL INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES.

The first settlers of this county were principally from Kentucky
and Tennessee, and brought with them the peculiarities, as well
as the prejudices of the people of those States. All were kind-
hearted and given to hospitality ; no poor wayfarer was turned
hungry from their doors ; even the despised book agent, or light-
ning-rod peddler would have met with a cordial welcome, though
luckily they were never bored with these specimens ot the genus
homo. But there was one peculiar trait about these early settlers
of the county they had a strong prejudice against the Yankees,
and hated them with a "righteous hatred". All persons born in
the Eastern and Xew England States were Yankees in their estima-
tion. Capt. Charles R. Hume, of Blandinsville, a York state man
by birth, relates the following personal experience in illustration
of this early prejudice:

" I came to this State and county in 1837; purchased east half of
section 19, 5 north, 4 west, and then went, to pass time, to visit my
parents, then living in LaGrange county, Indiana.

" In the meantime I learned that on my land, so purchased, there
were two families living, then called 'squatters.' As soon as I
ascertained this fact I returned and called on these persons and
informed them that I, a stranger, had bought the land on which
they were settled, but with no knowledge that there was any set-
tler on said land. I at once informed them that I had bought
said half section for $1000, cash, and it they would refund to me
the money I had paid, all would be right ; that I did not buy with
the knowledge that the land was occupied. Occupants at once
informed me that they had no thousand dollars to pay for the
land, nor did they ever expect to have so much money. I then
H 4

50 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

informed them that if they wished to give me possession of the
land, that they might pick two men, and I, a stranger, would pick
one, the three to fix the amount I should pay for the improve-
ments that had been made. To this they at once agreed. The
men went out and fixed the amount I was to pay. I paid in
cash on the day agreed, and so we separated. They went ; I re-
mained. ,

"A few days after said leaving, being an old 'bach,' arid while
preparing my morning meal, a man on a mule rode up and shouted :

" 'Who keeps house?'

u Being entirely unacquainted with this manner of salutation, I
went to the door and inquired of the stranger what he wanted.
He says,

"'Come down here and I will tell you what I want.'

"I walked down to see my newly-made friend. He inquired,

" 'Is your name Hume ?'

"'Yes, sir; I never had occasion to deny my name.'

" 'Do you know that you are in a dangerous place?'

" 'AVill^ou be so good as to tell me as to my danger? Are there
any wild beasts or venomous serpents that I should dread ? I can
hardly suppose my neighbors are worse than wild beasts or ven-
omous serpents.'

"I then said to my visitor,

" 'Come down off your mule and we will talk this over.'

"He replied,

" 'I shall not get down. I have told you all I was sent to tell.'

"I then informed him that no friend of mine could come and go
without partaking of my good cheer.

" 'Dismount* I said.

" 'I will not,' he replied.

"I then drew several shooters, and told my friend to come and
see my arrangements, for if he did not so come I would shoot him
dead if my fire-arms proved true. He went in with me, and in-
stead of cooking for one I cooked for two, and we ate as brothers.

"From that day to this I have suffered no reproach by being
called a Yankee, and my best friends are those from the south."

But there were some of the "favored ones" who did not have it
in their hearts to condemn this unfortunate class, and were ever

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 51

ready to extend a helping hand to them as well as others, feeling it
both a privilege and a duty to do a kind act for all such. It is
related of Rev. William McKamy, familiarly known as "Uncle
Billy McKamy," that at an early day a "Yankee" settled in his
neighborhood, 'and, upon one occasion, being in need of some
kind of an agricultural implement, borrowed it of rim. On re-
turning it, he thanked Uncle Billy for the favor, and enquired of
him how much he should pay for its use. "Pay !" says Uncle
Billy, "look here, my friend, you don't know me, do you? Xow,
sir. I want you to understand that whenever I have anything that
you wish, all you have to do is to come after it ; and, when
through with it, if it suits your convenience to return it do so;
if not, I will come after it when I need it. I want you to under-
stand farther, sir, that whenever you have anything I want, I
shall come and get it, and if it suits my convenience to return it,
I shall do so; if not, you can come and get it." The point was
very plain to Mr. Yankee.

As illustration of a neighborly turn the old settlers were always
ready to show, we will state that some years ago in the eastern
part of the county, an unoccupied quarter of land was entered at
the same time, by Messrs Judd & Gowdy, a prominent firm of
lawyers in Lewistowu, 111., and a Mr. Grimm, of this county.
The former gentlemen desired it for speculative purposes, while
the latter gentleman desired it for a place of residence. The
party first occupying the land, would, of course be entitled to it.
Both parties hurried their preparations, but Judd & Gowdy were
a little too fast for Mr. Grimm. The neighbors, (those living
anywhere within ten miles) all sympathized with Mr. Grimm,
and desired that he should occupy the land rather than any one
Judd '& Gowdy would send there. After Judd & Gowdy had
erected their building and placed a man in possession, those
, sympathizing with Grimm met to consider the matter. Various
suggestions were made as to how they should get rid of this
obnoxious neighbor; finally, one suggested that if fifty or one
hundred yoke of oxen should gather around that house some
night, and that house should follow them off in the direction of
the creek no one would be to blame ; there was no law against
cattle running at large. Xothing more was said, Grimm was
advised to build a house as close to the line as possible and await
developments. This was done. A short time after, Judd &
Gowdy's man went toLewistown. That night a large number of

52 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

oxen strayed in the direction of the house, and the next morning"
it was no where to be seen ! Grimm's house was found over the
line on the quarter in question !

On the return of the man employed by Judd & Gowdy, he
discovered the situation in a moment, and returned post-haste to
Lewistown, and the would-be-owners came over, and with the aid
of a search warrant found the house down on the creek ! The aid
of the grand jury was invoked at their next sitting, but no one
could be found who knew how it came there. Grimm got the
laud. We would not recommend the practice of such neighborly
turns being practiced at this time. Trouble might ensue our
officers being quite vigilant.

About 1832 a young couple living in the neighborhood of In-
dustry concluded to marry, which proceeding was opposed by the
parents of both parties. But whoever knew such opposition to
avail anything ? " Love laughs at locksmiths," and no impediment
placed in the way of a loving couple is too great to be removed.
This young couple had determined to marry, and marry they
would ; so one morning, bright and early, they left their homes on
foot for this purpose. Their destination was Kauvoo, then the
county seat of Hancock. When a little way beyond Macomb,
they were overtaken by brothers of both parties, who urged them
to return and be married at home, telling them their parents had
consented thatthe ceremony might proceed. Having their "dan-
der up," in consequence of the opposition previously made, they
refused to return. The brothers went back to report, and the fair
couple proceeded on their way to Nauvoo. They arrived at the
creek west of Macomb about dark, and could find no way to cross r
the water being high, and no bridges built. They would not turn
back to seek shelter for the night, but lying down beside of a large
log, slept sweetly, dreaming, doubtless, of the joy in store forthem
in the future. When the morning came they searched up and
down the stream until they discovered a log thrown across, on
which they passed over in safety. Arriving in Nauvoo, the young
man called upon the County Clerk for the papers. Being a little
nervous, as one is apt to be under such circumstances, he could
not make his wishes known. The Clerk, witnessing his embar-
rassment, kindly inquired as to his desires. Coloring up, he
blurted out, u Have you got any nails ?" " ]N~ails," said the Clerk,.
" why, no ; this is not a store, it is the office of the County Clerk. "
" We-1-1, then, wh-what do you ask for a pair of license?" The

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 53

sum was named, the amount paid, the papers made out, and the
Clerk, being also a Justice of the Peace, kindly offered to " tie the
knot." The blushing bride was brought in, the ceremony per-
iormed, and the twain went on their way rejoicing.

It sometimes happens that when the arrangement are duly made,
with the consent of both parties, and, seemingly, the truth of the
old proverb that " true love never runs smooth " is proven false,
that circumstances will arise by which all arrangements will be
frustrated. One evening in September, 1844, a large party assem-
bled for the purpose of witnessing the marriage ceremony of Mr.
Zachariah A. Gatton and Miss Elizabeth Alison, at the residence
of the latter, a few miles southwest of Macomb. Great prepara-
tions had been made for the event, and invitations sent out to
friends throughout the country. Just before the hour arrived for
the performance of the ceremony it was made known to the bride-
groom that the bride was an Abolitionist. Seeking her out, he
inquired if this was so. She responded by saying it was, when he
urged her to renounce her principles, stating he could never wed
an Abolitionist. " Very well/' said she, " I will not renounce my
principles for the best man living." After further parley, it was
agreed, and the announcement made that no wedding would oc-
cur. The guests were invited to partake of the supper, after which
the would-be bridegroom returned to his home minus a "better
half."

Some rich scenes have occurred in our Justices' Courts, among
which we relate the following:

A gentleman having failed in business was thought to have
disposed of his property in such a way as to defraud his creditors,
some of it being placed in the hands of a Mr. P., who was arrested
on a charge of concealing the goods. In the trial before the
justice the case was ably argued pro and con, when the justice
delivered his opinion as follows: "It is the opinion of the court
that Mr. P. is not guilty ; but, look here, Mr. P., let me admonish
you never to do the like again."

The same justice, who, by the way, was an Irishman, of course,
was trying another case, in which a man was charged with steal-
ing a log-chain. The taking of the chain was clearly proven,
and not denied by the defense, who set up the plea that there was
no felonious intent, it'being customary in this country when one
desired to use some article owned by a neighbor, to take it with-
out asking. When the justice arose to give his opinion, he said :

54 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

" It is the opinion of the court that Mr. A. is guilty." "What,""
said the counsel for the defense, jumping to his feet, " do you
mean to say that my client is guilty of felonious intentions in
taking the chain ?" " O, no, no ; " replied the justice, " it is the
opinion of the court that Mr. A. is not guilty." And so it was
recorded on the docket.

Another justice, who, at that time, was in the habit of partak-
ing a little too much of the " ardent," but who for nearly forty
years has been a staunch teetotaler, was engaged in trying a case
in a room used by himself as a saloon, when a half- drunken man
who was sitting on an old-fashioned spinning wheel, fell over and
broke it, which called forth an oath. The justice exclaimed:

" By , I fine you five dollars for swearing in court." "Why,

your honor swore, too," said the man. " Did I ? Well, I fine
myself five dollars, also."

Some forty years ago there lived in this county a man who
imagined himself bewitched by a woman living in this neighbor-
hood. He was told that he could dispossess himself of the evil
influence by making a drawing of the woman, placing it upon a
tree and shooting it with a silver bullet. This he did. The
woman died the same night, and the man was told he would be
haunted no more, as the woman was dead. " I know it," he
replied, " I killed her." The same confession he made to many
others, and at length it was proposed by some to arrest him for
the crime. He acknowledged his guilt, and no murderer should
go unpunished. He was promptly arrested, tried, and convicted
on his own testimony and acknowledged guilt. The justice ex-
amining the case, immediately sentenced him to be hung, but
in consideration of the fact that he was an unconverted man,
remanded him to the jail at Macomb for spiritual consolation,,
and to make due preparation for eternity.

It is needless to say the man was not hung.

In the early settlement of this county, when newspapers, circus
shows and minstrel troupes were a thing unknown, the people had
to devise other means of amusement wherewith to while away
the weary hours. We find them occasionally indulging in a lit-
tle "wee bit of row," "just for the fun of the thing," after which
they would shake hands and take a drink 'round. But in prac-
tical jokes they took especial delight. Hon. James Mr. Campbell
was frequently the subject of them. Being the peoples' servant,

they considered they had a better right to make him the butt of
their jokes than an ordinary man, but none were exempt.

On a certain occasion, Mr. Campbell had advertised, in the
manner common at that time, for some men to split rails for him.
J. P. Updegraff, well known to all our readers, and Joseph Hemp-
stead, a brother-in-law of Mr. Campbell, concluded they would
have a little fun at his expense. Hempstead was a slim-built
man, but UpdegrafF held his own then as now. Hempstead dis-
guised himself by obtaining the largest pair of pants, vest and
coat he could find, and encased himself in them, filling up with
pillows, making himself very heavy, fleshy-looking. Mr. Upde-
grafl' put on the roughest suit he could find, topping oft' with a
slouchy hat that came down over his ears. Each taking an old
maul, wedge and axe upon his shoulders, and giving the cue to a
lot of their friends, who preceded them, they went over to the old
court house, where Mr. Campbell held forth as circuit clerk,
county clerk, &c. Passing into the office, they enquired for Mr.
Campbell. Mr. Campbell who was engaged in writing at the
time, replied, "I am the man."

" We understand you desire some rails split," says Mr. UpdegrafF.
who acted as spokesman.
" I do."
"What will you give?"

" Sixty-two and a half cents per hundred."

"Is it good, sound timber?"

"Yes."

" How do you pay?"

"Cash."

"Every Saturday night?"

" Yes."

" You won't ask us to take trade?"

"FQ."

" Well, then," said Mr. U., who, during the interview, had been
standing with maul and axe across his shoulder, throwing them
down on the floor, " if you want your rails split, bring on your
timber."

"By Jiminie, you get out of here," said Mr. Campbell, as the
crowd began to roar, and he perceived the joke played upon him.

A correspondent of Clarke's Monthly furnished the following
"good one " on Mr. Campbell, for the March (1876) number of
that paper :

When the Quincy House, Quincy, Illinois, was first built, it was
considered a "big thing on ice," and the pride of the citizens
of the " Gem city." Our honorable Senator, in company with
Judge Henry L. Bryant, of Lewistown, visited the city about the
time of the formal opening of the house, and, of course, registered
there. They were assigned rooms in the third story of the
building, and were there but a few hours when they were honored
with calls from General John Tilson and other dignitaries of the
city.

At this time total abstinence did not prevail, and our friend,
with his visitors, had wine, brandy, old bourbon, etc., brought up
to the room, and a good time was enjoyed by all. After having
imbibed a few times, General Tilson invited our Senator to go
through the house with him. Showing him through from cellar
to garret, the last place visited was the kitchen, in it was placed a
new steam cooking apparatus. Eyeing the thing suspiciously for
a moment or two, Mr. Senator remarked to General Tilson,

"By , I should consider this a dangerous thing. Suppose

the whole thing should bust up, what would become of us ?"

"O, there is no danger," replied the General, "they have an ex-
perienced cook employed ; one who thoroughly understands the
principles governing steam."

Returning to their room, and having been absent about two
hours, of course it was time to take another drink. As they were
in the act of raising the glass to their lips, a man came through
the hall beating a gong. ]N"ever having heard the musical tones
of this wonderful instrument, and still thinking of the danger
arising from the steam cooking apparatus, our honorable friend
dashed his glass down and yelled out,

"By , I told you so ; the whole d d thing is busted up !"

" Better Kilt My Half Noiv"One year David , of Macomb,

had a large number of hogs, but no corn to fatten them, and as
corn was very high and very scarce, he felt as did the man who
drew the elephant he did not know what to do with them. No
one then was disposed to buy on account of the difficulty in ob-
taining grain to fatten them. Phillip , living north of town

some four or five miles, had a large quantity of grain and but few

hogs, so David made a proposition to him to take the hogs and
fatten them on shares, each party to have half the number when
killed. Phillip agreed to the proposition, but when he called for
the hogs he desired to make a proviso to the original contract that
if he found the hogs were eating too much of his corn he should
have the privilege of killing and delivering David's half of the

number at any time. " By ," said David, " if that's your game

you had better kill my half now, and save yourself the trouble of
driving them out to your farm !" Suffice to say, the hogs were
not taken with the proviso.

Judgment for the Plaintiff. A case for the recovery of a certain
sum of money, said to be due from A to B, was brought before

'Squire , and, on trial, no evidence was produced that A was

indebted to B at all, yet the learned 'Squire gave judgment for the
plaintiff. The attorney for the defense objected to the verdict, for
the reason set forth above, that no evidence had been shown that

anything was due. '' By ," said the 'Squire, u do you think

a man such a fool as to bring suit when there was nothing

owing him J r'

" Pat a Little Sugar in It." The boys one nightgotupon a little
"lark,*' and conceived the idea of making everybody else in the
town as drunk as themselves, and with that laudable (?) intention
they started out. Many, of course, willingly partook of the prof-
fered liquors, but one man refused on the ground that he had
sworn off. But what cared they for that ? Drink he must. Time
and again he refused, until their patience was lost, and closing in
on him they threw him down, and as they were in the act of pour-
ing the stuff down his throat, he cried out, " Boys, if you will
make me drink, put a little sugar in it."

58 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER VII.

1834-38.

From 1834 until 1838 we have nothing of a startling nature to
narrate. The Board of County Commissioners held their meet-
ings regularly each quarter, with now and then a called meeting,
and a number of orders were made with reference to public im-
provements. The times were comparatively easy ; new settlers
supplying all the money needed to carry on the little trade re-
quired by the actual wants of the people. The late and more
fashionable customs of society had not yet penetrated these
regions, and the bonnet and shawl worn by our mothers were
not cast aside after the first season's wear, but continued to do
service as long as they could be kept whole. Our fathers did not
aspire to broadcloth suits nor beaver hats, but were content with
home-made jeans and a felt or straw hat.

When the County was organized there was but one public road
running through it, and that was the old lead mine road leading
from Beardstown to Galena, passing through the county about six
miles east of Macomb. Galena, at this time, was one of the most
important points in the State. As the County became settled
new roads were laid out. More than four-fifths of the entire ex-
penses of the county, we believe, during the first fifteen years of
its existence, was for this purpose. Roads were not then run upon
section lines, as now, but were located as was thought best for
the convenience of the people. The broad prairies were supposed
to be useless, and would never be settled ; therefore, a road run-
ning across them at any angle would hurt no one, and would be a
convenience for all. If one had intimated at that time that these
prairies would sometime be dotted over with farm houses, barns,
school houses and churches, he would have been thought a fit
subject for the insane asylum. This, no doubt, seems strange to

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 59

our younger people and late settlers in the county, but at that
time the conclusion arrived at seemed reasonable. In the first
place, the question of fuel had to be taken into consideration by
the early settlers ; coal had not yet been discovered, and, of course
| wood had to be procured. In the second place, lumber for build-
( ing purposes was required ; railroads were unknown, and lumber
I could not easily be imported. For these reasons our fathers set-
tled in the timber or on its borders, where they could obtain
i material for the erection of their houses, fences for their lands,
I and fuel for their fires.

The nearest and most convenient route from settlement to
settlement was sought for, and surveyors were so instructed to
locate roads. To show the difference in distance between points
then and now, we state that a finger board long standing just
southeast of Macomb read, "To Vermont, 17 miles." It is now
impossible to reach the place, via the established roads, in less
than twenty-four miles travel. It may oe thought that a great
saving could have been made to the County by locating the roads
as they are now run, but whether this was made whole by the
convenience and saving of time to the people then, is a question
we are not prepared to discuss.

In the year 1835, the County applied to the State for relief on
account of the expense attending the keeping and trial of the
McFadden's, who were hung for the murder of John Wilson. We
have searched the statutes of the State for the years 1835-6-7,
and find no act passed for that purpose, and suppose the request
was not granted.

On the eighth day of September, of this year, Hon. James Yance
filed his bond before the County Commissioner's Court for the
fourth year, as Commissioner of School Lands. He died after
holding^the office a little over three months, and was succeeded on
the seventh day of December by Benjamin T. Naylor, who retained
I the position for several years.

In reference to the expense attending the trial of the McFad-
den's, we find on the books of the County Commissioner's Court
an allowance made to Thomas Hayden, Sheriff of Schuyler
County, for the sum of 1 50 "for hanging McFaddens." If
all the other expenses attending their trial and conviction had
been as reasonable, we can see no reason why the State should
grant aid in the case.

60 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

In the year 1836 occurs the first mention of the letting of
paupers to those who would care for them for a consideration.
This custom was retained until about the year 1857, when a farm was
purchased by the County, and all paupers transferred to it when
thought best by the proper officers.

In this year (1886) Wesley Wayland came before the County
Commissioner's Court and stated that he had given a certificate
of freedom to a certain negro woman wh^m he had brought with
him from Kentucky a few years previous, for the purpose of
acting as nurse r to his invalid wife. We believe Mr. Wayland
had been taxed on this species of property since 1832, and had
reached the conclusion it didn't pay. Elsewhere we have given
the order ot the County Commissioners instructing the assessment
of all such property, which order, we have no doubt, was
cheerfully obeyed. The same order was repeated in 1837, but
whether any slave was held in the County at that time we can
not learn.

The effect of the hard times throughout the United States, be-
ginning in 1837, was not felt in this county until the following
year. From that time until about the year 1815, our people ex-
perienced greater financial embarrassment than at any time in the
previous history of the county. Money was an almost unknown
commodity, all business being transacted through the means of
trade or barter. A would trade B flour for its value in meal ?
B would trade C a yoke of oxen for a horse ; D would trade E a
half dozen hogs for a cow, &c. If money enough could be raised
to pay the general taxes, a man considered himself fortunate.
Many were the straits to which the people were led to make both
ends meet, and many laughable incidents are narrated of the
crooks and turns that were made incidents that are laughable to
us now, but were serious matters at that time. Notes were given
for value received, payable in a cow, or a horse, or other prop-
erty, and when the note came due, and collection was to be made,
it would sometimes be hard for one party or the other to make
proof of it being that which was described in the note. Many
notes were held, without attempting to make collection, in the
hopes that better times would dawn upon the country, and their
makers be able to pay the money. William Hamilton, Esq., of
Bushnell, tells us that he gave a note payable in a black cow,
valued at a certain sum, which note was not presented for pay-

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 61

ment until seven or eight years after it was due, its holder trust-
ing to receive the money and he did receive the money.

During these hard times the price of such articles as our peo-
ple had to purchase rapidly advanced, while that of what they
had to sell as rapidly declined. Xew Orleans sugar sold at 16f
cents per pound; coffee, 25 cents; calico, 50 cents per yard ; hogs
brought from 81 to $1 25, per hundred pounds, and no market
within forty miles of Macomb ; wheat 20 cents per bushel, etc.
What would our farmers think should such prices rule now?
There would be very few palatial residences and fine outbuildings-
erected upon their lands within the next ten years.

As an illustration of those terrible times, Richard Pennington r
Esq., tells us the following incident in which a man who now
ranks as one of the most substantial farmers of Xew Salem town-
ship prominently figures :

"One morning while I was out looking for a yoke of oxen, I
met this gentleman whom I will call Mr. X. 'Have you seen
anything of my oxen ?' I inquired. 'Xo, Richard, I have not ; but
worse than that, have you seen anything of my cows?' I replied
that I had not. 'Well, Richard, I do not know what I am to do.
When I left home my children were crying for something to eat,
and it has come to this pass no cows, no breakfast; no cows, no-
dinner; cows, or no cows, no supper." 3

" Talk about hard times," said Mr. P. to us, "when I hear any-
body talking about hard times, I feel like narrating the above in-
cident, and telling them if it is as bad as that with them, they may
well complain; otherwise not." We agree with him.

Our nearest market at that time was forty miles away, being
Beardstown on the south, and Warsaw on the west. Our mer-
chants did but little business in the way of exportation, and what
little traffic was had was between the producer here and the ship-
per at one or the other of the above points. Xo " middle men"
were employed.

In a general way Ford, in his "History of . Illinois," well de-
scribes the existing state of things in this county at that time. On
pages 96-99 we read as follows :

" Commerce from 1818 to 1830 made but small progress. Steam-
boats commenced running the Western waters in 1816, and by the
year 1830 there was one or two small ones running on the Illinois

62 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

river as far up as Peoria, and sometimes further. The old keel-
boat navigation had been disused, but as yet there was so little
trade as not to call for many steamboats to supply their place.
The merchants of the villages, few in number at first, were mere
retailero of dry goods and groceries; they purchased and shipped
abroad none of the productions of the country, except a few skins,
hides and furs, and a little tallow and beeswax. They were sus-
tained in this kind of business by the influx of immigrants, whose
money being paid out in the country for grain, stock and labor,
furnished the means of trade. The merchant himself rarely at-
tempted a barter business, and never paid cash for anything but
his goods. There was no class of men who devoted themselves to
the business of buying and selling, and of making the exchanges
ot the productions at home for those of other States and countries.
The great majority, in fact nearly all the merchants, were mere
blood-suckers, men who, with very little capital, with small stock
of goods, and with ideas of business not broader than these rib-
bons, nor deeper than these colors, sold for money down, or on
credit for cash, which, w~hen received, they send out of the coun-
try. Since their time a race of traders and merchants has sprang
up who use the money they receive in purchasing the wheat, corn,
beef and pork of the farmers, and ship these articles to the East-
ern cities.

"Mather, Lamb & Co., late of Chester, in Randolph county, but
now of Springfield, were ,the first to engage in this business, and
they were led to to it by the refusal of the United States Bank, at
St. Louis, to grant them the usual facilities of trade. As they could
get no accommodation from the bank, they fell upon this course
to avoid going to St. Louis to purchase Eastern exchange.

"The money they received being again paid out, remained in the

.country and the products went forward in its place to pay for

stocks of goods. The traders in this way made a profit on their

goods which they brought into the State, and another profit on

the produce which they sent out of it.

"But, as yet, the merchant generally had neither the capital nor
the talent for such a business, and it was not until a more recent
period upon the going down of the United States Bank, the
consequent withdrawal of facilities for exchange in money, and
the high rates of exchange which came in with local banks of
doubtful credit that they have been very extensively forced into
it. When they no longer could get either money for remittances

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 63

to these eastern creditors, or bills of exchange, except at ruinous
rates of premium, they at once saw the advantage of laying out
the local currency received for their goods in purchasing the
staples of the country and forwarding them in the place of cash.
In very early times there were many things to discourage regular
commerce. A want of capital ; a want of capacity for the busi-
ness ; the want of a great surplus of productions, the continual
demand for them created by emigrants, and facility of carrying
on a small commerce with the money supplied by emigration
alone, all stood in the way of regular trade.

*'Xew Orleans, at that time, was our principal market out of
the State. It was then but a small city, and shipped but a trifle
of the staple articles of Illinois to foreign countries. Such ship-
ments as were made to it were intended for the supply of the
local market, and here the Illinoians had to compete with Ken-
tucky, Ohio, Indiana, Tennessee and Missouri. Any temporary
scarcity in this market was soon supplied, and the most of the
time it was completely glutted.

"For want of merchants or others who were to make a business
of carrying our staples to market, our farmers undertook to be
their own merchants and traders. This practice prevailed exten-
sively in the western country. A farmer would produce or get
together a quantity of corn, flour, bacon and such articles. He
would build a flat- bottomed boat on the shores of some river or
large creek, load his wares in it, and, awaiting the rise of water,
with a few of his negroes to assist him, would float down to Xew
Orleans. The voyage was long, tedious and expensive. When
he arrived there he found himself in a strange city, filled with
sharpers ready to take advantage of his necessities. Everybody
combined against him to profit by his ignorance of business, want
of friends or commercial connections, and nine times out of ten
he returned a broken merchant. His journey home was per-
formed on foot, through three or four nations of Indians inhabit-
ing the western parts of Mississippi, Tennessee and Kentucky.
He returned to a desolate farm, which had been neglected since
he was gone. One crop was lost by absence, and another by tak-
ing it to market. This kind of business was persevered in aston-
ishingly for several years, to the great injury and utter ruin of a
great many people/'

64 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Ford makes some deductions in reference to the laws of trade,
which we commend to all. We read on pages 99 101, the fol-
lowing :

"In later times, after the steamboats have taken the place of
other specie of navigation, after regular dealers and business
men had made their appearance on the theatre of trade, and after
New Orleans had become a great city, and a great mart of for-
eign commerce, there were still other difficulties to be encountered
of a very formidable character. These were the disposition of
the people not to sell their produce for the market price and to
raise no surplus whatever unless the prices were high. If the
trader offered one price the farmer would ask a little more, and
more than the trader could afford to give and make a reasonable
profit. Let the price be what it might, many would hold on to
their commodity a whole year, expecting a rise in the market, and if
the price was low they would cease producing. If a farmer had a
surplus of corn, wheat, hogs or cattle in the fall season, and could
not sell them for the full price demanded, he would keep them
until next year, expecting to get more tor them. In the mean-
time, he would lose more by the natural loss arid waste of his
property, than he could possibly gain by increased prices next
season. I have known whole stacks of wheat and whole fields
of corn to rot, or to be drabbled out and wasted to no purpose;'
and whole droves of hogs to run wild in the woods so as never to
be reclaimed, whilst the owner was saving them for a higher
price. He suffered, also, by laying out of the present use of the
money, and by being compelled to purchase many necessary arti-
cles on a credit, at a higher price than they could be bought for
cash. By holding back for a higher price, he suffered loss by the
natural waste of his property, by laying out of the use of his
money, by losing the many good bargains he could have made
with it in the meantime, and by being compelled to purchase dear
on credit, and pay a high interest on the debt if not paid when
due. In all these ways he lost more than by borrowing money
on compound interest, and yet he could never be pursuaded that
it was for his advantage to sell as soon as his articles became
marketable, and at the market price.

"This practice of holding up property from the market unless
the owner can receive more than the market price, still prevails
.extensively in the southern and some of the eastern parts of the

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 65

State, and fully accounts for much of the difference in the degree
of prosperity which is found there, and in the middle and north-
ern part of the State.

"The New England population make it a rule to sell all their
marketable property as soon as it becomes fit for market, and at
the market price. By this means the farmer avoids the loss and
expense of keeping it on hand. He has the present use of its
value in money, and makes many good bargains and speculations
which could not be made without a little ready money. He
avoids buying on credit, or rather paying interest on his debt
after it becomes due. Money is more plenty, and the people are
enabled to be more punctual in the payment of their debts. The
local merchant is enabled to do an active business. He is always
sure he can purchase to the extent of his capital, and at rates
which will put it in his power to sell at a profit. In this manner
the farmer prospers, the local merchant prospers, the miller and
manufacturer prosper. Loans grow up rapidly. Employment is
furnished for mechanics and laborers.

"By such means our northern people are enabled to build up a
country village in three or four years, as large as a county seat in
the south of twenty years standing."

The evil effects of holding on for higher prices we have
personally noticed many times in our short life. We recall one-
instance during the time of our late war. AVhen wheat was on
the rise, a farmer living near Macomb, had on hand about three
thousand bushels, for which he was offered $2 25 per bushel; he
refused to sell, stating that he would hold until he could get $3 00
per bushel. Wheat continued to rise in price until $3 00 was
reached, when our friend concluded to hold until he could
obtain $3 50. Soon it began to decline. It fell to $2 75 ; to $2 50;
to $2 25; to |2 00; and still this man would not sell, trusting that
it would rally again. But it continued to decline, and he was
finally obliged to sell at $1 00 per bushel. So much for not selling
at the market price.

H 5

66 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER VIII.

EARLY SETTLEMENTS.

Carter's Settlement. The first settlement made in McDonough
county was in the year 1826. Riggs Peunington, with his family,
in that year settled on the northeast quarter of section 24, Industry
township. To him belongs the honor of being the first to settle in
the county. He was immediately followed by William Carter,
who settled on section 26, adjoining, and in his honor the first
settlement was called Carter's settlement, and by which name it
was known for many years after. Next came James Vance, in the
same year. Mr. V. settled on the southwest quarter of section 24.
Stephen Osborne, Widow Tomberlin, Isaac Fowler and Eev.
John Logan were also among the number forming the early set-
tlement. Here occurred the first marriage in the county, the
second birth, and the first death. The first marriage was that of
Mr. John Wilson and Martha K. Vance, who were married on the
thirtieth day of October, 1828, by Elder John Logan, a minister of
the Baptist Church. The second birth in county, but first in set-
tlement, Nancy Carter, a daughter of Thomas Carter, who was
born in August, 1828 ; the second birth was Elizabeth Black Logan,
now Mrs. William C. Hainline, daughter of John and Nancy
Logan. The first death was a son of Isaac Fowler, who died
about the year 1829.

The little band of whites forming Carter's settlement erected in
the year 1827 a block house, or log fort, near the residence of
William Carter, on section 26. This was a two-story affair, the
upper story projecting about four feet over the lower one on all
sides. It was built in this way because it would afford more ample
protection against being set on fire by the Indians. Where the
upper story projected holes were made, through which an Indian
could be gently tapped on the head should he come for incendiary

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 67

purposes. The building .was eighteen by twenty feet, with numer-
ous port holes for the guns of the inmates. Luckily they had no
occasion to use the building for the purpose for which it was
erected. The soldiers that passed through this county in
1831-32 to the seat of the Black Hawk war made considerable
sport of this building, and of the idea of erecting one two hundred
miles from the Indian country. But it should be remembered that
the Indians were all around them every spring and fall, and like
those of the present day, were a treacherous people. For some
time this was the only settlement between Rushville and Rock
Island, on the old Galena road.

Job's Settlement. About the same time that Riggs Peunington
and William Carter were forming a settlement in the south part
of the county, William Job and a few others moved to the north
part near the present town of Blandinsville. To the older resi-
dents of the county the name of Job's Settlement is very familiar.
Hugh Wilson and family started in 1826 from Schuyler county to
go to some place on the Mississippi, near the Des Moines Rapids,
and when they arrived near the present village of Webster, Han-
cock county, they were met by William Job, William South-
ward, and Ephraim Perkins, all brothers-in-law, who had settled
in that vicinity a short time previous. Through the solicitude of
Mr. Job, Mr. Wilson changed his course and went to the north-
west part of this county, and settled upon section 9 of the pres-
ent township of Hire, on the farm now owned by James Seybold.
Here he erected a " half-faced camp," being nothing more than a
shed with three sides and an open front. Preparing his ground,
he planted it, and raised a crop. When his harvest was over he
built himself a more substantial house, into which he moved,
but only lived therein about two weeks, when a friendly Indian
came to his cabin and gave the alarm by stating that a band of
hostile Indians was coming that way, and he had better leave.
This advice he followed, going to the Des Moines Rapids. Job,
Southward and Perkins, who had also settled in the vicinity,
went to Morgan county, but returned the following spring. Wil-
son never came back.

This Wilson was a pioneer, truly, for he could not endure liv-
ing near a wholly civilized community. In 1814 he moved from
Tennessee to Indiana. After a few years he went to Kentucky ;
thence to Missouri ; thence to Arkansas. From there he desired

68 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

to emigrate farther south, but his family objecting, he returned'
to Missouri, from whence he moved to Schuyler county, this-
State, in 1825. The following year, as related, he settled in this-
county, in Job's Settlement, and thence pushed on to Iowa. He-
kept even pace with the Indians, being just far enough in their
rear to be out of danger. His wife delighted in being on the
move as much as he did, she averring " the food always tasted
better when they were moving." Mr. Wilson was the father of
John Wilson, of Industry township, and died in Iowa some years
ago as much from grief as of old age, it is said, because he could
not influence his sons to go further west as far as the new State
of Colorado. He had a decided distaste for living in a town,
saying he would as soon go to the penitentiary.

When William Job returned to the county in 1827, he drew
around him a goodly number of people, and soon a very flourish-
ing settlement was formed. John Vance, Nathaniel Heron, Red-
mond Grigsby, Coffman, Bagby and others were among the first.

Pennington's Point. This was the third settlement found in the
county, the locality still retaining its original name. The Point
embraces a little neck of timber in the southwest part of the
present township of New Salem, 5 north, 1 west, it being the
only timber land in the township. Hon. Cyrus Walker, it is said,
gave this district its name in honor of Stewart Pennington,
although William Pennington is entitled to the honor of being
the first settler. The latter gentleman settled at the point in 1828,,
remaining about three years, moving from there to Spring Creek
in the north part of the county. Stew T art Pennington was the
second person to settle in the place, Salem Woods the third, and
William Osborne the fourth. When Stewart Pennington settled
in the place the nearest families were the Smiths', nine miles
north ; Barker's, nine miles northeast ; Knott's ten miles east,.
in Fulton county ; thirteen miles southeast was a lonely log cabin ;
six miles south were the Vance's, Stevens', and Carter's ; while
Resin Naylor was on the northwest, near the present town of
Macomb.

The settlers at the Point, like those in other parts of the
county, were poor in material wealth, but rich in faith, and each
went to work with a will for the improvement of their respective
homesteads. The result of their toils is now manifest, the farms-
in this neighborhood being among the best in the county. The

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 69

settlers now living in the vicinity are all in good circumstances
and as happy as kings.

Camp Creek derived its name from the fact that William Os-
borne camped on its banks the entire summer of the year 1829.
At that time the timber near the Creek was large, and the land
farther out on either side was covered with hazel brush, crab ap-
ples, plum trees, etc. At the present time, none of this is to
be found. The fine timber on a part of Richard Pennirigton's
farm is a second growth, the ground once having been cleared,
and crops of corn, wheat and other grain raised thereon.

Jlacomb. Elias McFadden was the first settler in the vicinity
of the present city of Macomb, and came to the place in the fall
of 1828, or spring of 1829. He was followed soon after by John
Baker, who is elsewhere spoken of in this work. After Mr.
Baker, James Clarke, David Clarke, Resin Baylor, Samuel Rus-
sell, Win. Pringle, Samual Bogart, Anderson, and others,

forming a very respectable neighborhood. Like other settlers of
the county, this community hugged the timber, consequently we
now find that all the oldest farms are timbered ones. The set-
tlers were nearly all from Kentucky. In the year 1831, the origi-
nal number was increased by the coming of James M. Campbell,
Moses Hiuton, S. H. Robinson and others. Several stores were
opened, the tavern sign hung out, and entertainment was provided
for man and beast. As we speak elsewhere of this place at con-
siderable length it is needless to say more in this connection.

Hillsgrove. In the fall of 1830 Roswell Tyrrell, then a citizen of
Fulton county, came to McDonough and built a cabin on sec. 26,
5 n., 4w., now Tennessee township, after which he returned to
Fulton for his family, but the big snow of that winter falling, he
did not return until the following spring. Here he remained
until the year 1832, not having a neighbor within several miles.
At this time James Fulkerson and family came and settled on a
farm adjoining his quarter. The first day of their arrival, while
preparing their noon-day meal, their dogs began te bark, and
looking out they discovered a large black bear, at which they
were somewhat alarmed. Their dogs took after it, and soon were
joined by those of Mr. Tyrrell, the bear fighting and tearing
several of them in a terrible manner. Mr. Fulkerson followed and
succeeded in getting in a good shot, killed it, returning to the
camp with his prize. It was dressed and weighed, bringing the

70 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

beam down at two hundred pounds. This was the first, and so far
as we know, the only animal of the kind ever killed in the
county. When the dogs of Mr. Tyrrell returned he discovered
they were badly torn, and, being ignorant of what had occurred,,
and supposing it had been done by the dogs of his new neighbor,
he was somewhat offended, but on receiving a huge slice of the
bear's meat, and learning the particulars of the killing, he was-
satisfied.

Following Mr. Fulkerson, other families settled in the neigh-
borhood within two or three years, forming quite a settlement.

Among the number being Hill, for whom the postoffice and

settlement was called ; Isaac Holton, Colonel Charles Wesley Wad-
dill, Charles Waddill, David Kepple, Rev. James King, Charles G*
Gilchrist.

Isaac Holton was a graduate of Brown University, one of the best
educational institutions in the East, and when he settled in the
neighborhood he conceived the idea of establishing a similar insti-
tution in this county at Hill's Grove, believingan institution located
in the country would be better than one in a city, as the young
educated therein would not be subject to the temptations inci-
dental to city life. Accordingly, about the year 1835, he opened
a High School in an old log house in the neighborhood, continu-
ing the same for some fifteen years. In this school were educated
some of the best men in this section of the country, among whom
we may mention Dr. J. H. Bacon, now of Fort Madison, Iowa ;
H. W. Ferris, President of Carthage National Bank ; John M.
Ferris, attorney at law; Dr. Thompson Ferris, Carthage; Samuel
Hunt, Bushnell ; C. W. Fulkerson, Rev. Sampson Talbot, Rev.
William Owen, Thomas Fulkerson, and Larkin Bacon. In the
year 1837 he secured a charter from the Legislature of the State
for the " Hill's Grove Academy," which he hoped would be the
basis for a future college or university. We believe he never or-
ganized under this charter, but continued his school as a private
institution until called to his final home.

The country about the Grove for many years was infested by
rattlesnakes and other reptiles, and a little southwest was a hollow
that bears to this day the name of " Snake Den Hollow." In this
hollow, in the crevices of the rocks, the snakes would form their
"den " for the winter, and as the warm days of spring approached
they would crawl out in great numbers. As soon as this fact be-

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 71

came known, the neighbors began to make a raid upon them, or-
ganizing parties for this purpose, taking turns in watching the
holes from out of which the reptiles crawled, and killing them as
they appeared. The snakes as they came forth from their dens
would be in a torpid condition, and therefore were easily destroyed.
The first year the manner in which the war was carried on was as
follows : Stationing himself by the hole from which the snakes
would crawl, a man would stand with a sharp pointed stick, and
when the snake would show its head, he would thrust the stick
through it, pulling it out, and then mashing its head. The second
or third year a kind of trap was placed over the hole, into which
the snakes would crawl, and at certain intervals some one would
take and destroy them. This latter plan was preferable, as it re-
quired but little time. As many as nine hundred snakes were
killed in one season, principally of the rattle and black snake
species, these two dwelling together harmoniously. Great care
had to be taken to avoid being bitten by these dangerous reptiles.
Many a poor farmer lost his entire means of subsistence by having
his horses or cattle bitten by them. Abraham Fulkerson, a brother
of James, affected to care but little for the reptiles, stating there
was no danger from them, but, alas, there was danger to him.
One summer day, in order to cool and rest himself after the heat
and burden of the day, he laid down on the floor of his cabin and
fell asleep. On waking, he threw his hand over on one side, when
he felt a sharp pain in one of his fingers, and raising his hand he
observed a large rattlesnake with its fangs imbedded in his finger,
and was compelled to give his hand a shake before it loosened its
hold. His family was called, and the simple remedies known to
the common people were tried, but without avail. The patient
grew wor&e ; a doctor was called, and his skill brought into requi-
sition, and the life of the man was temporarily saved. Eye wit-
nesses say never did they see a man suffer as he did, and they have
no desire ever to witness another such scene. Although, as stated,
the life of the man was saved for a time, the poison was not eradi-
cated from his system, and in about one year after death came to
his relief.

Hillsgrove settlement has not only the honor of killing the first
and only black bear, and having the largest number of snakes in
its midst, but two panthers were killed in that neighborhood at
an early day. Elijah Tyrrell, a cousin of Eoswell Tyrrell, while
out hunting, discovered an animal in a tree as he thought in the

72 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

act of springing upon him, and although at best a poor marksman,
he hastily took aim and succeeded in shooting it through the
heart. While in the act of skinning it, a little dog that was with
him began to bark, and looking up he observed another animal
eyeing him, and taking aim, succeeded in killing it also. Not
knowing to what species of animal his game belonged, he report-
ed at the house that he had " killed the devil !" This same man
was again out in the woods when the wolves got after him, and he
ran in the direction of his house, followed by a considerable pack
of the animals. Finding that he could not reach his house, he
took to a tree, and as he ascended the wolves jumped up and
succeeded in tearing off' a goodly portion of his jacket. His cries
brought assistance, and he was rescued without receiving any
injury.

In the spring of 1832 seed corn was hard to obtain and brought
a good price, and a number of the farmers could not obtain
sufficient for their use. During this year 'several companies of
soldiers passed through the county going to the Black Hawk
war ; and having with them a supply of corn brought from the
south, the people endeavored to exchange what they had for the
corn of the soldiers, and where they had none to exchange, and
no money to buy, raked up the grains left by the horses where
they were fed, saving them to plant. .

The trouble in obtaining flour and meal by the early settlers
cannot be realized by any at the present day. Charles W. Fulk-
erson gave the following as his experience on one occasion :
Being out of flour, he was sent by his parents with three or four
bushels of wheat to mill, going first to Bacon's mill, near Crooked
Creek, where, on account of low water, he could not get it ground.
He then went on to Marietta, in Fulton county, and, falling in
with David Kepple, the two continued on together. At Marietta
they again failed to have their grain ground, and went on to an-
other mill on Spoon river, near where it empties into the Illinois.
This mill was owned by an old Scotchman and his sons. Arriv-
ing here late on Saturday night, they explained to the sons of tbe
old man their situation, and secured a promise from them to grind
it on Monday morning. The old man was absent at the time, but
the next morning he came into the mill yard where they had
driven and ordered them to leave. Said he, " Get right out of
my yard and home with you ; I will not grind you a single grain.
All you want with it is for speculating purposes, and I will have

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 73

nothing to do with you ! " Mr. Fulkerson and Mr. Kepple both
tried to reason with him, assuring him it was not for speculating
purposes, and that they had not a morsel of meal or flour at
home ; but he would not listen to them, and they were compelled
to hitch up their teams and depart. Leaving this mill they went
to Vermont, where a mill had lately been erected, but here they
met with no better success, and had to return home without hav-
ing their grain ground at all ; but Mr. Kepple, before leaving,
hunted around the mill and succeeded in finding about a half
bushel of " shorts," which he said he would call flour, and took
it hcme with him, but what success his people had in making
bread out of it he never reported. When such a state of affairs
occurred the only alternative the people had for making bread
was to pound their corn with a pestle in a huge mortar made for
that purpose, or, in lieu of that, to eat hominy.

Hillsgrove is frequently called " the old Methodist stamping
ground," as here this body of people early secured a foothold and
had many adherents. Many of the old pioneer preachers of this
denomination held forth in the cabins of the early settlers.
Thomas Fulkerson yet has a cabin standing on his place, where
Peter Cartwright, the old Methodist apostle, preached to the
hardy men and women of the neighborhood the unsearchable
riches of Christ. The first sermon was preached by Rev. Valen-
tine Wilson, a Methodist preacher, in 1833, at the house of James
Fulkerson.

Edward McDonough, for a number of years past a dealer in
flour, etc., at Macomb, was the first child born in the township,
which event occurred in April, 1832. His father was Hugh Mc-
Donough, Sr., one of the pioneers of the county, and who died in
1849.

The country in and around the old Hillsgrove settlement is ex-
cellent, and the early settlers made a wise choice in their selec-
tion. At present writing (March, 1877) many wealthy men
inhabit this part of the county men who obtained their wealth
by hard labor in the early times.

Middletown. This place was laid out in the spring of 1837, by
Major John Patrick and James Edmonston, Esq. The first house
erected was by Major Patrick. The first settlers were James
Edmonston and John Gibson, and Andrew Cox started the first
store. It was called Middletown from the fact of its being the

74 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

central point or middle town between Beardstown on the Illinois
river and Burlington on the Mississippi river. It was also the
crossing of the Beardstown and Burlington and the 1'eoria and
Quincy public roads.

The first public sale of town lots occurred in April, 1837, lots
realizing from $15 to $30 each. Very lew have at any time
commanded a higher price than this. Although the town never
grew to any considerable size or importance, it was at one time
a busy and prosperous village, as will be seen by the following
article taken trom the McDonough Independent of October 31,
1858 :

"Middletown. A few days since we paid a flying visit to this
beautiful village in the western part of this county. We were
much pleased with the evidences of prosperity which the town
presents. It contains ahout 180 inhabitants, three dry goods
stores, three taverns, several blacksmith shops, and a splendid
steam saw mill which does a tine business.

"Col. Patrick, who is engaged in the mercantile business, has
just received an extensive stock in store, which were shown us
by Capt. Lipe, his gentlemanly clerk."

The country in the vicinity of Middletown is thickly settled by
a good class of farmers, and is generally level prairie land, well
drained and fertile.

There was no portion of the county that labored harder to se-
cure the line of the Northern Cross Kailway than Middletown,
which was to be on the main line of the contemplated road. At an
election held August 20, 1853, for the purpose of voting for or
against the county subscribing $75,000 to this railroad, Middle-
town precinct cast 198 votes for and but 2 against the proposed
enterprise. The road, however, when built, failed to be a benefit
to the town; it was on the other hand, the means of taking her
established trade from her, and causing many of her more prom-
inent and enterprising citizens to seek other locations. The rea-
son was, that instead of the road running through the town it
ran five miles north, where new towns sprang up, which with the
advantages of the railroad commanded the patronage and inter-
ests of the people in the surrounding country. It is due the citi-
zens of Middletown at the time the Railroad was projected to
record that the failure of the road to pass through their town,
was not a want of interest in the enterprise, or lack of earnest

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 75

labor on their part to secure the road, for as before mentioned,
none worked harder to secure it than they, but it was on account
of the condition of the country through which the road would
necessarily have to be constructed.

76 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER IX.

THE MORMONS.

From 1835 to 1845, the County nearly doubled its population,
having in the former year, according to the census reports, 2862
souls, and six negroes; while, in the latter, it had 5355 souls and
three negroes. Whether the negroes were regarded as having
souls or not we cannot say , but presume not from the way the
report reads. But little was done in the way of public improve-
ment during those years, because of the exceeding dullness of the
times.

In the years 1839-40, several families of that very peculiar
people, the Mormons, settled in McDonough County. They came
as refugees from Missouri, being driven from that State by the
infuriated people whom they had persistently robbed and
despoiled. Claiming that they were persecuted on account of
their religion, they appealed to the sympathies of the people, and
were received with favor. It is a well known fact that humanity
will sympathize with those who are persecuted, be they right or
wrong. It is related of Martin Van Buren that upon a certain
occasion, going home he found his wife in tears, weeping bitterly
over an article she had just read in a newspaper, in which her
husband had been shamefully traduced. Learning the cause of
her distress, he remarked : < 4 never mind that, wife, I paid the
editor $50 to insert it." He knew the value of sympathy.
Presuming that many of our readers have never read a description
of the Mormons, we offer no apology for the following extract
from Ford's History, pp 157158:

"The people called the Mormons, but who called themselves
'The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints,' began to
figure in the politics of the State in 1840. They were a religious
sect, followers of a man familiarly called l Joe Smith,' who was
claimed by them to be a prophet.

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 77

"This man was born at Sharon, Winsdor county, Vermont, on
the twenty-third day of December, 1805. His parents were in
humble circumstances, and gave their son but an indifferent edu-
cation. When he first began to act the prophet he was ignorant
of almost everything which belonged to science, but he made up
in natural cunning and in power of invention and constructive-
ness for many deficiencies of education.

"When he was ten years old his parents removed to Palmyra,
Wayne county, Xew York. Here his extreme youth was spent
in idle, vagabond life, roaming the woods, dreaming of buried
treasures, and exerting himself to learn the art of finding them by
the twisting of a forked stick in his hands, or by looking through
enchanted stones. He, and his father before him, were what are
called * water witches,' always ready to point out the ground
where wells might be dug and water found, and many are the
anecdotes of his early life, giving bright promise of future profli-
gacy. Such was Joe Smith when he was found by Sidney Rig-
don, who was a man of considerable talent and information.

"Rigdon had become possessed of a religious romance written by
a Presbyterian clergyman in Ohio, then dead, which suggested to
him the idea of starting a new religion. It was agreed that Joe
Smith should be put forward as a prophet ; and the two devised a
story that golden plates had been found buried in the earth in the
neighborhood of Palmyra containing a record inscribed on them in
unknown characters, which, when deciphered by the powers of
inspiration, gave the history of the ten lost tribes of Israel in their
wanderings through Asia into America, where they had settled
and flourished, and where, in due time, Christ came and preached
his gospel to them, appointed his twelve apostles, and was cruci-
fied here nearly in the same manner in which he was crucified in
Jerusalem.

"The second then pretended to give the history of the American
Christians for a few hundred years, until the great wickedness
of the people called down the judgment of God upon them,
which resulted in their extermination. Several nations of people,
from the Isthmus of Darien to the extremities of Xorth America,
were arrayed against each other in war. At last the great battle
of Cumorah was fought in Palmyra, Xew York, between the
Lamanites, who were the heathens of this continent, and the
Nephites, who were the Christians, in which battle there was a

78 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

prodigious slaughter hundreds of thousands being killed on
each side. The nation of the Nephites was destroyed, except a
few who had deserted, and a few who had escaped into the south
country. Among this number was Mormon and his son Moroni,
who were righteous men, and who, as it was said, were directed
by the Almighty to make a record of all these solemn and import-
ant events on plates of gold, and bury them in the earth, to be
discovered in a future age, fourteen centuries afterwards. It is
needless to add that the pretended translations of the hieroglyph-
ics said to be inscribed on these pretended plates, were no more
nor less than the religious romance already spoken of. but which
now appeared as the book of Mormon.

"The prophet in after life pretended that at an early age he
became much concerned about the salvation of his soul. He went
to the religious meetings of many sects to seek information of the
way to heaven, and was afterwards told, 'this is the way, walk ye
in it/ He reflected upon the multitude of doctrines and sects,
and it occurred to him that God could be the author of but one
doctrine, and own but one church; he looked among all the sects
to see which was this one true church of Christ, but he could not
decide; and until he became satisfied, he could not be contented.
His anxious desires led him diligently to search the scriptures,
and he perused the sacred pages, believing the things that he
read. He now saw that the true way was to enquire of God, and
then there was a certainty of success. He therefore retired to a
secret place in a grove near his father's house, and kneeling down
began to call upon the Lord : darkness gave way, and he prayed
with fervency of spirit. Whilst he continued praying the light
appeared to be gradually descending towards him ; and as it drew
nearer it increased in brightness and magnitude, so that by the
time it reached the tops of the trees, the whole wilderness for
quite a distance around was illuminated in a glorious and brilliant
manner. He expected the leaves of the trees to be consumed, but
seeing no such effect of the light, he was encouraged with the
hope to endure its presence. It descended slowly until he was
enveloped in the midst ot it. Immediately he was caught away
in a heavenly vision, and saw two glorious personages, alike in
their features, and he was now informed that his sins were
forgiven. Here he learned that none of the churches then in
being was the church of God, and received a promise at some
future time of the fullness of the Gospel, and a knowledge of the

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 79

true doctrine. After this, being still young, he was entangled in
the vanities of the world, of which he sincerely and truly repented.

"On the twenty-third of September, 1823, God again heard his
prayers. His mind had been drawn out in fervent prayer for his
acceptance with God; and for a knowledge of the doctrines of
Christ according to promise in the former vision. While he was
thus pouring out his desires, on a sudden a light burst out into
the room like the light of day, but purer and more glorious in
appearance and brightness, the sight of it was, as though the
house had been filled with consuming fire; this occasioned a
shock felt to the extremities of his body, and then was followed
by calmness of mind and overwhelming rapture of joy, when in
a rnoment a personage stood before him, who, notwithstanding
the light, seemed to be surrounded by an additional glory, which
shown with increased brilliancy. This personage was above the
ordinary size of man, his raiment was perfectly white and had
the appearance to be without seam. This glorious being declared
himself to be an angel sent to announce the forgiveness of his
sins, and to answer his prayers by bringing the glad tidings that
the covenant of God with ancient Israel concerning posterity,
was at last about to be fulfilled ; that preparation for the second
coming of Christ was speedily to commence; that the fulness of
the Gospel was about to be preached in peace unto all nations,
that the people might be prepared for the millenium of universal
peace and joy.

"At the same time he had been informed that he had been called
and chosen as an instrument in the hands of God to bring about
some of his marvellous purposes in this glorious dispensation.

"It was made known to him that the American Indians were a
remnant of Israel ; that when they first came here they were an
enlightened people, having a knowledge of the true God ; that
the prophets and inspired writers amongst them had been re-
quired to keep a true record of their history, which had been
handed down for many generations, until the people fell into
wickedness ; when nearly all of them were destroyed, and the
records by command of God were safely deposited to preserve
them from the hands of the wicked who sought to destroy them.
If faithtul he was to be the highly favored instrument in bringing
these records to light.

80 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

"The angel now disappeared, leaving him in a state of perfect
peace, but visited him several times afterwards, instructing him
concerning the great work of God about to commence on earth.
He was instructed where these records were deposited, and re-
quired to go immediately to view them. They were found on the
side of a hill slightly buried in the earth, secured in a stone box,
on the road from Palmyra to Canandagua, in New York, about
three miles from the village of Manchester. The records were
said to be engraved on gold plates in Egyptian characters ; the
plates were of the thickness of tin, bound together like a book,
fastened on one side by three rings whrjh run through the Whole
and formed a volume of about six inches in thickness. And in
the same box with them were found two stones, transparent and
clear as crystal, the Urim and Thummim used by seers in ancient
times, the instruments of revelations of things distant, past, or
future.

"When the prophet first saw these things, being filled with the
Holy Ghost, and standing and admiring, the same angel of the
Lord appeared in his presence, and said, 'look ;' and he beheld
the devil surrounded by a great train of his associates. He then,
after receiving further directions from the angel, started home to
his father's house, where he was waylaid by two ruffians. One of
them struck him with a club, but was repulsed, but they followed
him nearly home, when they fled for fear of detection. The news
of his discovery got abroad ; the new prophet was the sport of lies,
slanders and mobs, and vain attempts to rob him of his plates. He
removed to the northern part of Pennsylvania, where he com-
menced, with the aid of inspiration and the Urim and Thummim,
to translate the plates. He finished a part of which is called the
Book of Mormon. It is pretended that Mormon hid all the old
records up in the hill of Oumorah, but had first made an abridge-
ment of them, which was called the Book of Mormon, and which
he gave to his son Moroni to finish. Moroni continued to serve his
nation for a few years, and continued the writings of his father
until after the great battle of Cumorah, when he kept himself hid,
for the Lamanites sought to kill every Nephite who refused to
deny Christ. The story is remarkably well gotten up, and many
yet, unhappily, make the foundation of a religion which may roll
back upon the world barbarism of eighteen centuries passed away.
Whilst there are fools and knaves, there is no telling what may
be accomplished by such a religion.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 81

"And the prophet was not without his witnesses. Oliver Cow-
dery, Martin Harris and Daniel Whitemore solemnly certify that
k we have seen the plates which contain the records; that they
were translated by the gift and power of God, for his voice has
declared it unto us, wherefore we know of a surety that the work
is true ; and we declare with words of soberness that an angel of
God came down from heaven and brought and laid it before
our eyes ; that we beheld and saw the plates and the engravings
thereon.'

"Eight other witnesses certify that 'Joseph Smith, the transla-
tor, had shown them the plates spoken of, which had the appear-
ance of gold ; and as many of the plates as the said Smith had
translated they did handle with their hands, and they also saw
the engravings thereon, all of which had the appearance of an-
cient work and curious workmanship.'

"The most probable account of these certificates is that the wit-
nesses were in the conspiracy, aiding the imposture ; but I have
been informed by men who were once in the confidence of the
prophet, that he privately gave a different account of the matter.

"It is related that the prophet's early followers were anxious to
see the plates ; the prophet had always given out that they could
not be seen by the carnal eye, but must be spiritually discerned ;
that the power to see them depended upon faith, and was the
gift of God, to be obtained by fasting, prayer, mortification of the
flesh, and exercise of the spirit; that so soon as he could see the
evidence of a strong and lively faith in any of his followers,
they should be gratified in their holy curiosity.

"He set them to continual prayer and other spiritual exercises to
acquire this lively faith, by means of which the hidden things of
God could be spiritually discerned, and at last, when he could
delay them no longer, he assembled them in a room and produced
a box, which, he said, contained the pecious treasure. The lid
was opened; the witnesses peeped into it, but making no discov-
ery, for the box was empty, they said, * Brother Joseph, we do
not see the plates.' The prophet answered them : * O, ye of lit-
tle faith, how long will God bear with this wicked and perverse
generation ? Down on your knees, brethren, every one of you,
and pray to God for the forgiveness of your sins, and for a holy
and a living faith which cometh down from heaven.' The dis-
ciples dropped to their knees, and began to pray in the fervency
H 6

82 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

of their spirit, supplicating God for more than two hours with
fanatical earnestness ; at the end of which time, looking again
into the box, they were now persuaded that they saw the plates.
I leave it to the philosophers to determine whether the fumes of
an enthusiastic and fanatical imagination are thus capable of
blinding the mind and deceiving the senses by so absurd a delu-
sion.

"The book of Mormon pretended to reveal the fullness of the
Gospel of Jesus Christ, as he delivered it to his people in America.
It was to be brought forth by the power of God, and carried to
the Gentiles, of whom many were to receive it, and after this the
seed of Israel were to be brought into the fold also. It was
pretended that pristine Christianity was to be restored, with the
gift of prophecy, with the gift of tongues, with the laying on of
hands to cure all manner of diseases. Many were the pretended
prophets which this sect brought forth.

"Many of the disciples spoke in an outlandish gibberish, which
they called the unknown tongue ; others again acted as interpret-
ers of this jargon, for it rarely happened that he who was gifted
to speak in an unknown tongue was able to understand his own
communications ; and many brilliant miracles were pretended to
be wrought in the cure of diseases, by the laying on of hands and
by the prayer of faith."

The main body of the Mormons settled in the neighborhood of
Nauvoo, Hancock County, a few only in McDonough, and these
latter remained only until it was thought there was an opening
for them in the "city of the Saints."

In the summer of 1843 George Miller, then a member of the
Presbyterian Church in Macomb, living in that town, and in the
house now owned by James Roberts, corner of East Carroll and
North Randolph streets, made a trip to Nauvoo, returning ap-
parently with not a very favorable opinion of the " Saints," unless
we except Joe Smith, the prophet. Still, as occasion offered, he
would refer to the Mormons, and express a desire to again hear
them preach. He said to the citizens of Macomb that if they de-
sired to hear, he would have Joe Smith come over and preach for
them. A few days later he went to the woods, near the present
town of Bardolph, in search of blackberries. After a little he
threw up his arms, screamed and fell to the ground. He was
taken up, a bed was provided, and he was taken home. Dr. J.

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 83

B. Kvle was culled in, and relieved him of about a quart of blood,
and gave him a good, strong dose of calomel. The beginning of
this tit occurred about the middle of the afternoon on Thursday,
and for forty-eight hours he continued to rave. About the middle
of the afternoon on Saturday, a couple of men, on horseback, rode
up to the square, and meeting "William Hamilton, now of Bushnell,
inquired if he knew where George Miller lived. Being directed
to the place, they rode over, and tying their horses, went into the
house, knelt down by the bed-side of the sick man, commenced
praying in a loud tone. On the conclusion of their prayer, .they
arose, and laid their hands upon Mr. Miller. This they repeated,
calling upon. Mr. M. to have faith by faith all things were possi-
ble. In a few moments he became calm, and soou was sitting up
in bed, and the next day was as well as ever, though a little weak.
He was indeed well enough to attend the preaching of these
Saints, one of whom was the renowned Sydney Rigdon. Whether
all this was a " put up job" between Mr. Miller and the Saints we
know not. Suffice it to say that on Monday morning Mr. Miller
was baptised in the creek north of town, and in few days he re-
moved to Xauvoo and became a leader among the Mormon people.
In August, 1843, occurred the Congressional election. Hon.
Cyrus AValker and Hon. James P. Hoge were the rival candidates
for Congress, and each labored to secure the Mormon vote. This
subject is treated elsewhere in this work. During all this time
the Mormons had continued to increase in numbers until they had
become a powerful body. As they grew in strength, they
became arrogant, and, under the assumption that " the earth wa.s
the Lord's, and the fullness thereof," and that they being his
peculiar people, were entitled to all the fruits of it, the Gentiles
having to rights which they were bound to respect. This
doctrine led to considerable trouble between the " Saints" and
those who were not disposed to accept it. Much stock disappeared
from all parts of the county, a great deal of it being found in the
" holy city.; ' But when found, it was extremely difficult to regain
possession. Under a provision of the city charter of Xauvoo, the
Mormons enacted "that no writ issued from any other place, for
the arrest ot any of her citizens, should be recognized in the city,
without an approval endorsed thereon by the mayor ; that if any
public officer, by virtue of any foreign writ, should attempt to
make an arrest in the city, without such approval of his process,
he should be subject to imprisonment for life : and that even the

84 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Governor of the State should not have the power of pardoning the
offender without the consent of the mayor." If an attempt was
made to obtain property by a writ of replevin, witnesses without
number would promptly swear it belonged to some Mormon
claimant. The following is a case in point: A gentleman living
in the southern part of this county had a valuable horse stolen^
which he afterwards found in Nauvoo, and seized. During the
trial resulting therefrom he had sixty witnesses to identify the
horse as his property, but the Mormons brought forward seventy
to prove that it belonged to some " Saint," and having a prepon-
derance of testimony, the Mormon justice decided in favor of his.
brother.

The citizens of Hancock County submitted to this state of affairs-
until endurance ceased to be a virtue, and the Governor was
appealed to for aid. This assistance w r as asked more especially on
account ot the failure to arrest Joseph Smith and other leading
Mormons for engaging in a riot in destroying the office of an
anti-Mormon paper. A warrant was issued at Carthage and
served upon them, when they were taken at once to the Municipal
Court of Nauvoo, on a writ of habeas corpus, and discharged from
custody.

On the twenty-first day of June, 1844, Gov. Ford arrived at
Carthage, where he found an armed force assembled, and hourly
increasing in numbers, composed of men from Hancock, Mc-
Donough, and Schuyler Counties. He immediately placed all
under military command of their proper officers. A messenger
was then despatched to Nauvoo, requesting the leaders of the
Mormons to send a committee to lay their side of the question
before him. Says the Governor in his History:

"It appeared clearly, both from the complaints of the citizens-
and the acknowledgments of the Mormon committee, that the
whole proceedings of the Mayor, the Common Council, and the
Municipal Court, were irregular and illegal, and not to be endured
in a free country ; though perhaps some apology might be made
for the court, as it had been repeatedly assured by some of the
best lawyers in the State who had been candidates for office before
that people, that it had full and competent power to issue writs,
of habeas corpus in all cases whatever. The Common Council
violated the law in assuming the exercise of judicial power ; in
proceeding ex-parte without notice to the owners of the property;
in proceeding against the property in rem, in not calling a jury;

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 85

'in not swearing all the witnesses ; in not giving the owners of the
property, accused of being a nuisance, in consequence of being
libelous, an opportunity of giving the truth in evidence : and in
fact, by not proceeding by civil suit or indictment, as in other
cases of libel. The mayor violated the law in ordering this er-
roneous and absurd judgment of the common council to be exe-
cuted, and the municipality erred in discharging them from arrest.
4i As this proceeding touched the liberty of the press, which is
justly dear to any republican people, it was well calculated to
raise a great flame of excitement. And it may well be questioned
whether years of misrepresentation by the most profligate news-
paper could have engendered such a feeling as was produced by
the destruction of this one press. It is apparent that the Mormon
leaders but little understood, and regarded less, the true principles
of civil liberty. A tree press, well conducted, is a great blessing
to a free people. A profligate one is likely soon to deprive itself
of all credit and influence by the multitude of falsehoods put
forth by it. But let this be as it may, there is more lost to rational
liberty by a censorship of the press, by suppressing information
proper to be known by the people, than can be lost by an indi-
vidual now and then by a temporary injury to his character and

influence by the utmost licentiousness.

* * * # # * # *

u It was asserted that Joe Smith, the founder and head of the
Mormon Church, had caused Hmself to be crowned and anointed
king of the Mormons ; that he had embodied a band of his follow-
ers called i Danites,' who were sworn to obey him as God, and to
do his commands, murder and treason not excepted ; that he had
instituted an order in the church whereby those who composed it
were pretended to be sealed up to eternal life against all crimes,
save the shedding of innocent blood, or consenting thereto; that
this order was instructed that no blood was innocent blood except
that of the members of the church ; and that these two orders were
made the ministers of his vengeance, and the instruments of an
intolerable tyranny which he had established over his people, and
which he was about to extend over the neighboring country.

" The people affected to believe that with this power in the
hands of an unscrupulous leader there was no safety for the lives
or property of any one who opposed him. They affected likewise
to believe that Smith inculcated the legality of perjury, or any
other crime in defense or to advance the interests of true believers ;

86 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

and that himself had set them the example by swearing to a false
accusation against a certain person for the crime of murder. It
was likewise asserted to be a fundamental article of the Mormon
faith that God had given the world and all it contained to them as.
his Saints; that they secretly believed in their rights to all the
goorlly lands, farms and property in the country ; that at present
they were kept out of their rightful inheritance by force ;that con-
sequently there was no moral offense in anticipating God's good
time to put them in possession by stealing if opportunity offered;
that in fact the whole church was a community of murderers,,
thieves, robbers, and outlaws ; that Joseph Smith had established
a bogus factory in Nauvoo for the manufacture of counterfeit
money, and that he maintained about his person a tribe of swin-
dlers, blacklegs and counterfeiters to make it and put it into circu-
lation.

" It was also believed that he had announced a revelation from
heaven sanctioning polygamy, by a kind of spiritual wife system,
whereby a man was allowed one wife in pursuance of the laws of
the country, and an indefinite number of others to be enjoyed in
some mystical and spiritual mode; and that he himself, and many
of his followers, had practiced upon the principles of this revela-
tion by seducing a large number of women.

" It was also asserted that he was in alliance with the Indians
of the western territories, and had obtained over them such a
control that in case of a war he could command their assistance
to murder his enemies.

" But the great cause of popular fury was that the Mormons at
several preceding elections had cast their vote as a unit, thereby
making the fact apparent that no one could aspire to the honors
of the offices of the country within the sphere of their influence^
without their approbation and votes. It appears to be one of the
principles upon which they insist upon being governed as a com-
munity, to act as a unit in all matters of government and religion.
They express themselves to be fearful that if division should be
encouraged in politics, it would soon extend to their religion and
rend their church with schism and into sects."

The result of the various conferences with the Governor was
that Smith and some of the leaders of the Mormons agreed to-
surrender and stand trial at Carthage, under assurance of protec-
tion. We again quote from Ford's history :

HISTORY OF MDONOUGH COUNTY. 87

"On the twenty-third, or twenty-fourth day of June, Joseph
Smith, the mayor of !N"auvoo, together with his brother Hiram
and all the members of the council, and all others demanded,
came into Carthage and surrendered themselves prisoners to the
constable on the charge of riot. They all voluntarily entered
into a recognizance before the justice of the peace, for their ap-
pearance at court to answer the charge, and all of them were dis-
charged from custody except Joseph and Hiram Smith, against
whom the magistrate had issued a new writ, on a complaint of
treason. They were immediately arrested by the constable on
this charge, and retained in his custody to answer it.

u The overt act of treason charged against them consisted in the
alleged levying of war against the State by declaring martial law
in Xauvoo, and in ordering out the legion to resist the posse
comitatus. Their actual guiltiness of the charge would depend
upon circumstances. If their opponents had been seeking to put
the law in force in good faith, and nothing more, then an array
of military force in open resistance to the posse comitatus and
the militia of the State, most probably would have amounted to
treason. But if those opponents merely intended to use the pro-
cess of the law, the militia of the State and the posse comitatus,
as cat's paws to compass the possession of their persons for the
purpose of murdering them afterwards, as the sequel demon-
strated the fact to be, it might well be doubted whether they
were guilty of treason.

"After the Smith's had been arrested on the new charge of
treason, the justice of the peace postponed the examination, be-
cause neither of the parties were prepared with their witnesses
for trial. In the meantime, he committed them to the jail of the
county for greater security."

A great desire was manifested on the part of the militia, es-
pecially from this county, to see Joe Smith, the great leader of
the Mormons, so on the morning of the twenty-seventh of June,
under guard of the Carthage Grays, commanded by Captain R.
F. Smith, afterwards the gallant Colonel of the Sixteenth Illinois
Volunteer Infantry during the war of the rebellion, he was
marched around the public square, and thence taken back to the
jail. The Governor then disbanded the principal part of the mi-
litia, placed the Carthage Grays as a guard around the jail, and
proceeded to Xauvoo for the purpose of exerting his influence

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

with the Mormons in favor of peace. The volunteers from Mc-
Donough immediately returned home, leaving Carthage about
two o'clock, P. M. The Governor arrived in Nauvoo about four
o'clock the same day, and as soon as notice could be given, a crowd,
estimated at from one to five thousand, assembled to hear him
speak. He counselled their obedience to the law, and asked their
co-operation in sustaining all lawful measures, and then called for
a vote as to whether his advice should be followed. Of course,
they voted to be law-abiding citizens. A short time before sun-
down he started on his return to Carthage, and had proceeded
about two miles when he was met by two men one of theoi a
Mormon who informed him that Smith was killed. Ordering
the two men under arrest, he hastened on to Carthage. Says the
Governor, pp. 348 3-19:

"As for myself it [the news of the murder] was perfectly astound-
ing, and I anticipated the very worst consequences from it. The
Mormons had been represented to me as a lawless, infatuated and
fanatical people, not governed by the ordinary motives which in-
fluence the rest of mankind. It' so, most likely an exterminating
war would ensue, and the whole land would be covered with deso-
lation. Acting upon this supposition, it was my duty to provide
as well as I could tor the event. I therefore ordered the two mes-
sengers into custody, and to be returned with us to Carthage.
This was done to make such arrangements as could be made, and
to prevent any sudden explosion of Mormon excitement before
they could be written to by their friends at Carthage. I also dis-
patched messengers to Warsaw to advise the citizens of the event.
But the pepple there knew all about it before my messengers ar-
rived. They, like myself, anticipated attack all over the country.
The women and children were moved across the river, and a com-
mittee was dispatched that night to Quincy for assistance. The
next morning by daylight the ringing of bells in the city of Quincy
announced a public meeting. The people assembled in great
numbers at an early hour. The Warsaw committee stated to the
meeting that a party of Mormons had attempted to rescue the Smiths
out of jail; that a party of Missourians and others had killed the
prisoners to prevent their escape; that the Governor and his party
were at Nauvoo at the time when intelligence of the fact was
brought there ; that they had been attacked by the Nauvoo Legion,
and had retreated to a house where they were then closely besieged ;
that the Governor had sent out word that he could maintain his

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 89

position for two days, and would be certain to be massacred if as-
sistance did not arrive by the end of that time. It is unnecessary
to say that this entire story was fabricated. It was of a piece of
the other reports put into circulation by the anti-Mormon party to
influence the public mind and call the people to their assistance.
The effect of it, however, was that by 10 o'clock on the twenty-
eighth of June between two and three hundred men from Quincy,
under command of Major Flood, embarked on board of a steam-
boat for Xauvoo, to assist in raising the siege, as they honestly
believed.

" As for myself, I was well convinced that those, whoever they
were, who assassinated the Smiths, meditated in turn my assassi-
nation by the Mormons. The very circumstances of the case fully
corroborated the information which I afterwards received, that
upon consultation of the assassins, it was agreed amongst them
that the murder must be committed whilst the Governor was at
Xauvoo : that the Mormons would naturally suppose he planned
it, and in the first outpouring of their indignation, they would
assassinate him, by way of retaliation. And that thus they would
get clear of the Smiths and the Governor all at once. They also
supposed, that if they could so contrive the matter as to have the
Governor of the State assassinated by the Mormons, the public
excitement would be greatly increased against that people, and
would result in their expulsion from the State at least. "

On pages 353 355, the Governor relates the following account
of the murder:

"It was many days after the assassination of the Smith's
before the circumstances of the murder fully became known. It
then appeared that, agreeably to previous orders, the posse at
Warsaw had marched, on the twenty-seventh of June, in the
direction of Golden's Point, with a view to join the force from
Carthage, the whole body then to be marched into Nauvoo. But
by the time they had gone eight miles, they were met by the or-
der to disband ; and learning at the same time that the Governor
was absent at Xauvoo, about two hundred of these men, many of
them being disguised by blacking their faces with powder and
mud, hastened to Carthage. There they encamped at some dis-
tance from the village, and soon learned that one of the companies
lett as guard had disbanded and returned to their homes ; the
other company, the Carthage Grays, was stationed by the captain

90 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

in the public square, a hundred and fifty yards from the jail,
whilst eight men were detailed by him, under the command of
Sergeant Franklin A. Worrell, to guard the prisoners. A com-
munication was soon established between the conspirators and the
company, and it was arranged that the guards should have their
guns charged with blank cartridges, and fire at the assailants
when they attempted to enter the jail. Gen. Deming, who was
left in command, being deserted by some of his troops and per-
ceiving the arrangements with the others, and having no force
upon which he could rely, for fear of his life retired from the vil-
lage. The conspirators came up, jumped the slight fence around
the jail, were fired upon by the guards, which, according to ar-
rangements, were overpowered immediately, and the assailants en-
tered the prison to the door of the room, where the two prison-
ers were confined with two of their friends who voluntarily bore
them company. An attempt was made to break open the door ;
but Joseph Smith being armed with a six barrelled pistol, fur-
nished by his friends, fired several times as the door was bursted
open, and wounded three of the assailants. At the same time
several shots were fired into the room by some of which John
Taylor received four wounds, and Hiram Smith was instantly
killed. Joe Smith attempted to escape by jumping out the sec-
ond story window; but the fall so stunned him that he wao una-
ble to rise; and being placed in a sitting posture by the conspi-
rators below, they dispatched him with four balls shot through
his body.

" Thus fell Joe Smith, the most successful impostor in modern
times, a man who, though ignorant and coarse, had some great
natural parts, which fitted him for temporary success, but which
were so 'obscured and counteracted by the inherent corruption
and vices of his nature, that he never could succeed in establishing
a system of policy which looked to permanent success in the
future. His lusts, his love of money and power, always set him to
studying present gratification and convenience, rather than the
remote consequences of his plans. It seems that no power of
intellect can save a corrupt man from this error. The strong
cravings of the animal nature will never give fair play to a fine
understanding, the judgment is never allowed to choose that good
which is -far away in preference to the enticing evil near at hand.
And this may be considered a wise ordinance of Providence, by

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 91

which the councils of talented but corrupt men are defeated in the
very act which promised success."

That it was a brutal and premeditated murder cannot be, and
is not, denied at this day. But the end of the murderers was not
gained, as the Mormons did not evacuate Xauvoo for two years
afterwards. In the meantime the excitement and prejudice
against this people were not allowed to die out. Horse stealing
was quite common, and every case that occurred was charged to
the Mormons. That they were guilty of it cannot be denied, but
a great deal, we now know, was by organized bands of thieves,
who knew they could carry on their nefarious business with more
safety as long as suspicion could be placed upon the Mormons.

Before the spring of 1846 the great majority of the Mormons
had left Xauvoo, but still a large number remained. About this
time a man by the name of Debenheyer was killed near the town
of Pontoosuc, and buried in a ditch by the side of a sod fence.
The murderers were unknown, but a number of Mormons had
been lying around the neighborhood for some time making night
hideous with their noise, and were ordered away. They refused
to go, when, one day while at work in a field surrounded on
three sides by timber, they were surrounded by forty or fifty anti-
Mormons, who captured them, took them to the place where Deb-
enheyer had been buried, stripped them of their clothing, gave
each of them thirty and nine lashes upon their bare backs, and
again bid them go. They went to Xauvoo, reported the matter r
and a few nights afterwards a large number of the Mormons sur-
rounded the house of Major McCauley, who lived in the neigh-
borhood of the occurrence, and demanded his surrender. J. AY.
Brattle, now of Macomb, was stopping with him, and was like-
wise arrested and taken with him to Xauvoo. The men were
held for several days, when, after due trial, they were discharged.
They would probably not have been let off so easily had not sev-
eral leading Mormons been taken by the anti-Mormon party and
held as hostages.

Some time in the years 1845 or 1846, a party of Mormons
started from Xauvoo in search of a young man whom they
thought had done them an injury. The young man fled to the
house of John Vance, Esq., living near Blaudinsville, and, as the
Mormons were in close pursuit, jumped into bed, covered up, arid
told Mrs. Vance to tell the party he was her son. Quick as a
flash she took in the situation, and, seizing a white handkerchief

92 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

she wet it and laid it over his head. When the Mormons came
in she requested them to be very quiet, for her son was in a
high fever. Observing the young man in bed they pursued
their search as quietly as possible, and soon retired. The young
man afterwards remarked it was no sham about his being in a
high lever, for well he knew if his identity had been discovered,
his life would not have been worth a farthing.

About the first of September, 1846, a writ was issued against
several leading Mormons, and placed in the hands of John Carlin,
of Carthage, for execution. Carlin called out a posse to help make
the arrest. Two or three companies of men went from this county
to his aid, and quite a large force was soon gathered in the neigh-
borhood of IS r auvoo. Carlin, not being a military man, placed the
command of the posse first under General Singleton, and after-
ward under Colonel Brockman, who proceeded to invest the city,
erecting breastworks, and taking other means for defensive as well
as offensive operations. What was then termed a battle next took
place, resulting in the death of one Mormon and the wounding of
several others, and mortally wounding one man who volunteered
from this county, but a citizen of Pennsylvania, who was here on
a visit, and slightly wounding several others.

While the greater number of the male citizens of Macomb were
gone to Nauvoo, apprehension was felt by the women that an at-
tack might be made on the town, and they would not rest con-
tent without a guard every night to give the alarm in case the
Mormons appeared. James M. Campbell and others agreed to
act as guard, and every night about dark would begin their
regular patrol. They would remain out until the lights about
town were put out and the inhabitants were supposed to be asleep
when they would go home to bed. A gentleman from Ohio was
at Macomb at this time, coming out for the purpose of purchasing
land for a future home, but learning of the troubles, and hearing
the cannon firing at Nauvoo, which could be heard very distinctly
at the former place, mounted his horse and rode home, swearing
that he would not live in a country where the inhabitants were
engaged in killing one another. If this gentleman would return
to the county now and see the great improvements that have been
made, he would certainly be sorry that he was so hasty in forming
his conclusions.

The Mormons now realized that their time had come. Says
Ford, pages 423-425 :

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 9S

" At last, through the intervention of an anti-Mormon committee
of one hundred from Quincy, the Mormons and their allies were
induced to submit to such terms as the posse chose to dictate,
which were that the Mormons should immediately give up their
arms to the Quincy committee, and remove from the State.

"The trustees of the Church and five of their clerks were permit-
ted to remain for the sale of Mormon property, and the posse
were to march in unmolested, and to leave a sufficient force to
guarantee the performance of their stipulations.

"Accordingly, the constable's posse marched in with Brockman
at their head, consisting of about eight hundred armed men, and
six or seven hundred unarmed, who had assembled from all the
country around, from motives of curiosity, to see the once proud
city of Xauvoo humbled, and delivered up to its enemies, and to
the domination of a self- constituted and irresponsible power.
They proceeded into the city slowly and carefully, examining the
way for fear of the explosion of a mine, many of which had been
made by the Mormons, by burying kegs of powder in the ground,
with a man stationed at a distance to pull a string communicating
with the trigger of a percussion lock affixed to the keg. This
kind of contrivance was called by the Mormons a 'hell's half
acre.' AVhen the posse arrived in the city, the leaders of it
erected themselves into a tribunal to decide who should be forced
away and who remain. Parties were dispatched to hunt for
Mormons' arms and for Mormons, and to bring them to judgment,
where they received their doom from the mouth of Brockman,
who then sat a grim and unawed tyrant for the time. As a general
rule, the Mormons were ordered to leave within an hour, or two
hours; and by rare grace, some of them were allowed until next
day, and in a few cases, longer. The treaty specified that the
Mormons only should be driven in exile.

"Nothing was said in it concerning the new citizens, who had
with the Mormons defended the city. But the posse no sooner
had obtained possession, than they commenced expelling the new
citizens. Some of them were ducked into the river, being in one
or two instances actually baptised in the name of the leaders of
the mob, others were forcibly driven into the ferry boats to be
taken over the river, before the bayonets of armed ruffians ; and
it is believed that the houses of most of them were broken open
and their furniture stolen during their absence. Many of these

94 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

new settlers were strangers in the country from various parts of
the United States, who were attracted there by the low price of
property, and they knew but little of previous difficulties, or the
merits of the quarrel. They saw with their own eyes that the
Mormons were industriously preparing to go away, and they
knew of their own knowledge that an effort to expel them with
force was gratuitous and unnecessary cruelty. They had been
trained, by the States from whence they came, to abhor mobs,
and to obey the law, and they volunteered their services under ex-
ecutive authority, to defend their town and their property against
mob violence, and as they honestly believed from distraction.
But in this way they were partly mistaken, for although the mob
leaders, in the exercise of unbridled power, were guilty of many
enormities to the person of individuals, and although much per-
sonal property was stolen, yet they abstained from materially in-
juring houses and buildings. The most that was done in this way,
was the stealing of the doors and the sash of the windows from
the houses by somebody. The anti-Mormons allege that they
were carried away by the Mormons, and the Mormons aver that
the most of them were stolen by the anti-Mormons. Thus
ended the Mormon war.

The following is a list of names of those who were out from
this county :

E. B. Root, Colonel ; Levi Warren, Lieut. Colonel; Y. E. Rem-
ington, Major; Joseph Shute, Wagoner; S. McFarland, Adju-
tant; IL Gilfrey, Sergeant Major; Thos. Gilfrey, Quartermaster
Sergeant; Wm. Duncan, Quartermaster Sergeant; Dr. H. G.
Ayer, Surgeon.

Captains. Chas. Creel, A. P. Smith, James M, Wilson, Chas.
W.. Waddill, Wm. S. Hendricks, Yandever Banks, Samuel C.
Hogan, William I. Pace, F. D. Lipe, B. Maxwell, John Long,
Wm. F. Blandin, Thomas Davis, J. L. K Hall.

Lieutenants. Joseph Crawford, Peter McClure, J. L. Cross,
I. C. Webb, Harry R. Ilolden, John Baker, Thomas Shippey,
John Smith, John R. Edmondson, H. H. Burr, Milton L. Archer,
Patrick Laughlin, Thomas Mustain, Richard Brightwell, William
Edmondson, I. L. Twyman, James S. Palmer, Absolom Parker,
William B. Clarke, Bethel Owen, Philetus Rice, J. C. D. Carmack,
Jonathan L. Berry, Andrew Alison, George C. Yest, John C.
Webb, Y. M. Hardin, A. Dorothy, Perry Langford, Harrison
Hungate, Joseph P. Gates.

HISTORY OF M'DOROUGH COUNTY. 95

Private..*. Henry Thompson, John Creel, John W. Clarke,
G. E. Robinson, Silas Creel, David Hogsett, William Brooking,
E. Brooking, Levi Hamilton, James R. Simpson, Ross Penan,
Harper McCandless, James Kepple, John S. Campbell, Hugh
Ervin, John Snap;"), D. M. Crabb, Jonathan Palmer, TVilliam
Hamilton, Garret Bonham, Thomas Davis, George Yanhowten,
George Nichols, George TV. TVade, J. H. Michael, Durham Creel,
Valentine Clayton, Xicholas Bowman, Rutherford McClure, Cal-
vin Canote, TVilliam Stephens, Thomas K. TVaddle, John Craw-
ford, Charles Kepple, Andrew Walker, John Bishop, Ephraim
Banning, John Stokes, P. Hamilton, D. R. Hamilton, Michael
Harris, William M. McCartney, John Jackson, George Boothe,
TViley M. Sloan, TVilliam Stewart, O. II. Casley, S. A. Hunt,
C. TV. Dunsworth, Patrick Aber, Lewis Mourning, Richard Mus-
son, Abraham Stephens, Joseph Riley, Thomas J. Hunt, Shad
Goan, TVilliam Boycl, Peter Dye, Edmond Bean, Thomas White,
John J. Lower, Luke Prentice, James Chamberlain, Levi Done,
Isaac Bacon, TVilliam Stroud, Eliphate Jarvis, J. L. Cross, TVil-
liam B. Walker, J. M. Head, G. S. Hainline, J. X. Clark, R. J.
Scott, G. TV. Head, John S. Wilson, William B. Head, H. H.
McGee, Robert Garheart, James Dye, A. J. TValker, Stephen
White, Eli Campbell, TV. TV. Clayton, TVilliam Lower, Silas
Parker, Samuel M. Xot, James Stroud, Abraham Fulkerson,
James Wilson, William B. Clarke, John Rollins, A. D. McBride,
J. TV. Walker, George Painter, Samuel McCray, Samuel Bland,
George Head, J. B. Stapp, A. G. Haineline, Orin Chatterton,
Jacob Strickle, Michael Youst, J. Mitchell, G. TV. Eyres, J. H.
Head, Xathan Hainliue, Samuel Clark, Frank Clarke, Xelson
Montgomery, S. H. Gillihan, C. W. Fulkerson, William Owens,
Hugh McDonough, David Badger, Jonathan Parker, Allen Por-
ter, Asa Decker, Elias Clem, Andrew Jackson, Thomas Jackson,
Bartlett Whittiugton, TVilliam Gibson, TVilliam Badger, Corne-
lius McDonough, John C. Conants, Xathaniel Barker, Ambrose
G. Owen, James Moore, Lewis Scalf, George Crossier, Charles
Jackson, Peter McDonough, David Kepple, R. G. King, John
Badger, Roswell Tyrrell, TVilliam Grafton, Ladwick Courier,
Matthew Franiel, C. G. Gilchrist, B. B. Jackson, William
Ervin, D. Boyd, James Rigdou, John Twidwell, Isham
Rigdon, Josiah Ralston, John Smith, Isaac Garrett, H. Garrett,
Isaac Smith, Henry Garrett, H. Melton, Allen Melton, Bird Smith,
John B. Wear, Joseph D. Wear, TV. Melton, Andrew D. Wear,

96 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Augustus Lillard, James Hendricks, David Jenkins, Reuben Alex-
ander, John Kennedy, Soloman Kennedy, John Hill, Levi Sawyer,
Nicholas Jarvis, Isaac Howell, Isaac Welch, N. C. Averell, Y. A.
Caldwell, Thomas J. Caldwell, G. W. Welch, J. R.Welch, Jefierson
Welch, B. J. Welch, H. J. Averill, John James, William Car-
mack, Henry Carmack, Mosea Stookey, William Walker, Rufus
Botts, N. B. Wooley, James Williams, Othias De Haven, James
Dorothy, Jessie Hainline, Hiram Hainline, John Logan, Jr., Wil-
liam Martin, Henry Martin, Joshua White, William Hardestry,
James Milsaps, James Seybold, Henry H. Monarch, E. T. Mon-
arch, Isaac Bogart, Jacob Hutchinson, Jacob Keithley, C. C.
Hungate, A. G. McCord, William McCord, James Jarvis, Slocum
Wooley, Roily Martin, Charles Martin, Moses Haskins, Beta Has-
kins, John Caldwell, Oliver C. Smith, S. M. C. Penriington, Robert
Andrews, Henry W. Foster, James F. Greenup, Thomas Richard-
son, Anson Richardson, Martin Miles, William Waddle, Robert
Comer, Cyrus Wing, Clem Reddick, James McKee, John W.
Lane, James Fulton, James McCurdy, Jonas Hushaw, Elam
Chockley, Watson Chockley, Benjamin Chockley, Richard Chock-
ley, Isom J. David, William Toland, Thomas Toland, George
Woods, Randolph Hall, John Seward, D. Sandridge, Thomas
Bailey, John P. Kinkade, George W. Shultz, Walter Scott, James
H. Atkinson, Edmond Cave, Jerry Sullivan, James Walker, John
Allison, Nelson Campbell, Samuel Pollock, T. W. Greenup, Wil-
liam Henley, Alfred Ripitow, Benjamin Miller, Jessie Jeams,Ghol-
son Lane, Elisha Dungan, Jessie Beck, William Beck, G. W.
Coker, William Sullivan, Alfred Gibson, James Gibson, William
Rice, Robert Smithers, John Hushaw, Johnson Downer, Joel
Pennington, Lewis Springer, Fountain C. Tomberlin, Travis
Miller, A. J. Cockeram, John J. Wyatt, Nathan Hayes, B. T.
Gibson, Wesley Harlan, Robert Black, William B. Peak, James
Rasor, David Later, Edmond Naylor, Jeremiah Sullivan, Hugh
Black, Robert L. Dark, Samuel McClnre, Morton Pringle, Wil-
liam S. Bailey, D. C. Riggs, Edmond Barber, William H. Pringle,
John McCormick, Nicholas Edmondson, Shad. Campbell, Isaac
McCow r en, Benjamin Stephen, John Friend, Robert Barber, Archi-
bald Edmondson, Thomas Dungan, George W. Mitchell, William
W. McCormick, Francis Wayland, Joel Wayland, Francis Rice,
Thomas Allison, Andrew Allison, G. C. Lane, Anderson Cannon,
Jessie Niece, Henry Perry, Alexander Provine, John Fletcher,
William Walker, Jacob Massingil, Nathan Stephens, Joseph

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 97

Bailey, Elijah Stephens, Israel Camp, Jr., John Barrett, William
J. Despain, William Gahagan, Jonathan Comar, T. B. McCor-
mick, Xathan Scott, John E. Jackson, "William Lovely, George
W. Xiece, L. M. Hobart, James Perry, George Hume, A. H. Rot-
ledge, David Scott, Joseph Haines, Isaac Fugate, John W. Fugate,
Jacob Morgan, Thomas Shoopman, Jacob S. Matthews, Edward
Dixon, B. Mason, B. B. Edmondson, John G. Stoneking, Thomas
E. Smedley, J. J. Smedley, Caleb Husted, John Bundridge, H. V.
Craig, Samuel Calvin, Robert Clugston, John McCoy, G. W. Shoop-
man, Carrol Lane, John Wilson, Jr., William Yenard, C. Pruit,
William T. Wells; J. C. Vawter, William Shannon, Russell Riggs,
John E. Riggs, John Xankeville, William Thompson, Charles
Patrick, M. C. Archer, Xathan Dunsworth, James Duusworth,
Thomas Hunt, Amos Gibson, Arch. Holstein, Robert McCumsey,
Washington Owens, John Patrick, Samuel Dark, John Ferguson,
J. Q. McClure, Robert Archer, Robert Hall, G. A. Tayl, William
Parks, George Venard, Peter Riggs, John B. Case, Ximrod Dus-
kill, James C. Archer, Jacob Waimac, William T. Archer, John L
Foster, William W. Wilson, John Crisp, A. J. Edmonston, James
McPeters, William Owens, J. J. Mathews, Samuel Wilson,
William Ellis, Hugh B. Smiley, John Monk, Samuel Haney, N".

B. Hardin, B. Past, Sanford Past, Jasper Twichell, Joseph Over-
ton, G. Haiuline, John Ledgerwood, John Purdy, J. H. Hughes,
Jacob Humbert, Francis McSpirit, Smith Haines, J. H. Baker, A.

C. Bristow, Reuben Harris, Daniel Duncan, D. Bristow, Sylvester
Ruddle, Wesley Langford, Preston Anderson, H. Mayhew, James
Peak, Robert Dorothy, Lewis Past, J. E. Lansdown, Lorenzo
Twichell, D. F. Martin, S. Stewart, G. G. Guy, William Scott, J.
Rollins, William' Humbert, William Stickles, Allen Bland, H. S.
Head, Hiram Bellew, William D. Mustain, Robert Kellison,
William J. Epperson, James D. Eads, E. F. Randall, Nathan
Ferris, James P. Birtland, Thomas Speaks, C. A. Brown, William
E. Duncan, Joseph Duncan, William Wilson, Simeon Everett,
H. G Woodside, John Hall, Francis McKay, John L. Charter,
Henry Dorothy, Redmond Grigsby, Silas Grigsby, David Alton,
Henry Alton, Hugh Conner, John Hagerty, William Moss,
George Bughman, Philetus Knight, John Bowman, Jonathan
Charter, A. L. Bryant, B. B. Head, Ephraim Hammer, Squire
Charter, John T. Mustain, Samuel Dunlap, James Ward, James
Grigsby, William Grigsby, Adonijah Hungate, Dotson Seybold,

H 7

98 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

John Vance, Isaac Harris, Alva Alton. John Huston, John Dan-
can, John L. Gordon, Alexander McCullin, John Gilfrey, Sr.,
Norman Davis, John T. Gilfrey, N. Herrin, C. A. Lawson, G. A.
Farwell, K Montgomery, T. B. Maury, P. H. Walker, Merritt A.
Russell, William L. Broaddus, G. W. Smith, Joseph Long, R.
H. Broaddus, Samuel S. Whitmire, Joshua Conrad, J. M. Martin,
Thomas Pickett, James Cannon, J. P. Head, David Lawspn,
Manva Perry, William H. Randolph, J. P. Updegraff, W. H.
Kendrick, John Lowry, T. J. Beard, Andrew Lewis, J. E. Wyne,
T. M. Luster, Milton Sweeney, B. F. Martin, John L. Anderson,
N. McElrath, C. M. Duffee, W. H. Kyle, Thomas Adcock, William
S. Hail, G. W. Watt, William H. Phelps, Henry Towls, William
B. Gordon, Martin Read, James B. McCartney, John Wiley, C.
W. Dallam, Marshall Rogers, Wesley Freeland, William Ervin,
R. M. Bonham, Thomas McElrath, James Walker, James Ander-
son, Richard Rowley, Logan Kyle, Daniel D. Rail, J. C. Roberts,
Robert Cannon, James B. Kyle, S. C. Watson, James Martin,
John Harrow, Samuel McKamy, J. O. C. Wilson, Abner Walker,
J. H. Updegraff, Theodore Laughlin, B. R. Hampton, Charles
Chandler, Michael Martin, Robert H. Broaddus, William F.
McCandless, R. F. Anderson, Joseph Bailey, Gowen Decamp,
Daniel Courtwright, Joseph W. McDonald, William Courtwright.
O. C. Cannon, R. A. Brazelton, Charles Dunn, R. Garrett, Daniel
Sullivan, John M. Sullivan.

The following is a copy of an original pass now in the posses-
sion of Mrs. Charles R. Hume :

CAETHAGE, June 23, 1844.

Permit Joseph L. Blandin to pass and rep ass to and from Nauvoo, and to bring from
thence his son Joseph C. Blandin without molestation.

THOS. FOKD,

Governor and Commander in Chief.
Also furnish those psrsona to bring any of their property with them.

THOS. FORD,
Governor and Commander in Chief.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 99

CHAPTER X.

A NEWSPAPER AND A RAILROAD.

In the spring of 1844, occurred the greatest fall of water ever
known in the western country. The Mississippi river was higher
than ever known before or since. All the streams in the county
were over their banks ; but little planting was done and not a
half crop raised, B. R. Hampton, Esq., before the rains began
to fall went to Ohio on a visit. Returning, he left the boat at
Frederick, but could secure no conveyance to this county, and was
therefore compelled to return on foot. The few bridges in the
Bounty were all washed away or covered with water ; even small
streams like Kill Jordan were too high to ford. Mr. H. was com-
pelled to strap his clothes upon his back and swim across each.

In 1847, a State election was held for members of the Constitu-
tional Convention, which convention prepared and submitted to
the people a new constitution which was adopted by a large major-
ity. By this constitution, in place of the County Commissioners'
Court, a County Court was organized in each county. This court
consisted of a County Judge, and if the legislature saw proper to
so order it, two Associate Justices. This the legislature favorably
acted upon.

The last meeting of the County Commissioners' Court was held
September 3 8, 1849, Joel Pennington, C. C. Hungate, and
Samuel Calvin being members, all of whom were present. After
the transaction of such business as properly came before them,
they adjourned "until court in course," but never re-assembled.

On the third day of December, of the same year, the first regu-
lar term of the County Court was held. The duties of this court
in a legislative capacity, were precisely the same as those of the
County Commissioners' Court. The court itself consisted of a

100

County Judge and two Associate Justices. In addition to the
legislative powers, the members of this court were permitted to
exercise judicial authority, having all the rights and privileges
of Justices of the Peace, together with all probate business. Hon.
James Clarke was elected the first County Judge to serve four
years. The first Associate Justices were Charles R. Hume and
C. C. Hungate, Blandinsville. No business was transacted at this
first term, save the allowance of a few bills and the appointment
of viewers to view and locate certain roads. The court was in
session three days.

In 1851 the subject of a railroad was extensively agitated in
this county. A charter had been granted by the State for the
building of the Northern Cross Railroad, running from Meredosia
to Springfield. It was proposed, under the provisions of this
charter, to build a branch of this road through McDonough Coun-
ty, having its terminus at Clayton, in Adams county. The ter-
minus was afterwards changed to Quincy.

In the fall of this year George W. Smith and Theodore L.
Terry started a paper in Macomb called the McDonough Inde-
pendent. This sheet proposed to be "independent in aU things;
neutral in nothing," and was edited with considerable ability by
George W. Smith, the senior proprietor. Mr. Smith was a whole-
souled, jovial fellow, and withal a talented man himself his
worst enemy. In the files of this paper, now in possession of J.
M. Campbell, Esq., to which we had access, there are flashes of
wit equal to any "take off" of George D. Prentice, the Danbury
man, or other wit of modern times. Mr. Smith came to an un-
timely end by a fall from the fourth story window of a hotel in
Hannibal, Missouri, about the year 1864 or 1865. The paper had
an existence of about four years and a half. The last year it re-
nounced " independency " and became a firm supporter of the
Democratic party; but, in consequence of a disagreement be-
tween Mr. S. and some of the leaders of that party in the county,
patronage was withdrawn from him and the paper ceased to ex-
ist. During the days of railroad excitement it was a consistent
and earnest advocate of the road, and did much in influencing
the people in its favor. The following we copy from it under
date of October 10, 1851 :

"Railroads. Reader, steam is up ! The people of the county of
McDonough want and will have a railroad. The age is progress-
ive, and they must keep up. Our neighbors all around us are

101

* ridin' on a rail,' and we must enjoy the same means of locomo-
tion. The prairies have been trackless, but they shall remain so no
longer, come what may we are bound to have a railroad. A rail-
road ! what an invention ! what a blessing ! See yon l iron horse/
with his nostrils breathing fire, his long and shaggy mane, in the
shape of smoke, streaming far behind, while in his might and
strength, with his ' train' in the rear, becomes careering through
yon ' neck of timber,' now over that creek, now across the prairie,
now again in timber, until in half the time it has taken us to
write it, here he is in Macomb, brought up ' all standing,'
with his freight of bachelors and babies, married men and mules,
ladies and live stock, dry goods and Dutch ! Oh, what a rumpus,
what a din ! But still what a thing a railroad is.

"But to be serious. What is to be done in regard to the pro-
posed road from Quincy to Macomb, and from here to Galesburg ?
The time for stopping to consider the policy of such an enterprise
has passed away; and the benefits to be derived from such a means
of communication are held to be too self-evident to need any addi-
tional argument advanced in their favor, for w^ho, say we, cannot
see in the advanced price of land, in the advantage of a ready
market, in the increased facilities of communication, in the spread
of general intelligence, in the cheapened and quickened mode of
transportation, a sufficient inducement to wish such an undertak-
ing success, and say that its benefits are beyond dispute ? Perhaps
the facts of these truths being so plain and undeniable, has led to
the lethargy and inaction of our people. But we must awake
from our stupor ; measures must be taken for the securing of stock,
of having the county become a stockholder to a liberal amount;
of getting individuals, who need only the solicitation of some ac-
tive friend of the road, to become deeply interested in its comple-
tion. Then, -friends of the road, be up and doing; farmers of Mc-
Donongh, your interests are at stake, see that you neglect them
not; merchant and mechanic, your welfare, too, is bound up in
this scheme with it will come your prosperity, without it you
must lose immensely ! Then, again say we, let us all at work !
Let our untiring zeal and determined efforts show that we desire
what we need, and must have A RAILROAD."

Meetings were held for the purpose of creating an interest in
the proposed railroad. On Wednesday evening, November 5th,
1857, Hon. Calvin A. Warren, of Quincy, and General Darnell,
of Hancock county, addressed the citizens of Macomb upon this

102 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGII COUNTY.

important subject. A committee was appointed to confer with
the directors of the road, and at an adjourned meeting the next
evening it was resolved to ask the County Court to appoint an
election at some suitable time, at which the people could vote on
the question cf taking stock in the road to the amount of fifty
thousand dollars. At another meeting held December 1, sub-
stantially the same proposition was adopted, and on the second
day of December, Hon. B. R. Hampton appeared before the
County Court and presented the following resolution :

Resolved, That we respectfully request the Honorable County Court in and for the
County of McDonough and State of Illinois, to submit to the people of said county a
proposition to vote for or against the County of McDonough taking stock to the amount
of fifty thousand dollars in the proposed railroad from Clayton to Galesburg, and that
they be solicited to fix upon the third Monday in the month of March, A. D., 1852, for
the purpose of taking said vote.

The Court thereupon made the following order:

Therefore it is ordered by the Court that the said proposition be submitted to the
citizens of McDonough as requested in said resolution, and that the Clerk of this Court
order an election to be held at the several election precincts in said county, on the
third Monday in the month of March next, to take the vote of the county for and
against the county taking stock in said railroad to the amount of fifty thousand dollars ;
and that the Clerk issue the notices of said election in the time and manner required by
law ; and that said election be held and conducted in all respects as other general and
pecial elections required by the statutes are held and conducted. It is further ordered
that the resolutions and proceedings of said meetings be filed by the Clerk.

The work now began in earnest. Hon. James M. Campbell,.
Dr. J. B. Kyle, B. R. Hampton, J. P. UpdegrafF, L. H. Waters,
and others favorable to the road, at once began the canvass. Mr.
Campbell and Dr. Kyle travelled together, making speeches in
nearly every school house in the county. Being in the dead of
winter, travel was almost impossible, and had to be done upon
horseback. Still they were undaunted, and bound to secure the
road, if possible. The opponents of the road were not idle in the
meantime, but used every means in their power to influence the
people against it.

At a meeting held in Industry, addressed by Dr. Kyle and Mr.
Campbell, an opportunity was given in which to hear objections,,
when the Hon. Cyrus Walker boldly took a stand against the
road, and, not content with that, followed the gentleman to Pen-
nington's Point, and in a speech of an hour's length, endeavored
to show the fallacies of the arguments advanced in favor, and
made many objections against the proposed improvement. The
recollection of the gigantic failures of the State in its system of

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 103

public improvement had not been forgotten, and Mr. AValker
endeavored to show what might be the consequence should our
county be so unwise as to vote the proposed aid. In answer to
this plea, Dr. Kyle stated it reminded him of the story of the old
woman who sent her little girl out to attend the fire in the old-
fashioned brick oven, while she prepared the dough for baking.
Xot returning, the mother became alarmed and went out to look
for her. The h're was burning brightly in the oven, but no child
was to be seen. Hearing a cry of distress around the other side
of the house, the alarmed mother hastened to the place, supposing
her child to be in great danger. She found her weeping bitterly,
and hastily inquired: "My daughter, what is the matter? " "0,
mother," said she, "I was just thinking if I was a great big
woman, just like you, and was married, and had a little girl, just
like me, and while I was in the house making bread, I should
send her out to fix the fire, and she should come out, with a smile
upon her face, and crawl right into the fire, and get all burned up,
what a terrible thing it would be ! "

At another meeting held in Industry, as an illustration show-
ing the flimsiness of the opposition against railroads and other
improvements, the doctor told how certain Germans and others
living on the line of a proposed canal opposed it on the ground
that they had a large amouut of money invested in horses and
wagons, and if the canal should be built, there would be no em-
ployment for them. The canal was built, and they found they
could obtain just as much employment as before, and at better
prices. Mr. AValker, in reply, spoke of the doctor taking to water,
and boasted of driving him into the Miami canal, and stated that
he would acknowledge that canals were a public benefit, but not
so railroads. He was then asked why it was that no canals were
now being built and railroads were being constructed throughout
the whole land. This was not answered.

At a public meeting in Macomb, held in the Court House, Mr.
"\Valker remarked that he had been informed by a couple of
prominent merchants in the town that one train of cars could
carry away all the surplus products of McDonongh County, raised
in one year, or that David Rail and Harry Perry, two well known
teamsters in the town, could likewise remove all its surplus pro-
duce, carry it forty miles to a market and return with all the mer-
chandise required by the inhabitants. Such being the case, said
Mr. AT., what use have we for a railroad ; of what benefit will it

104 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

be ? He farther stated if the audience de&ired to know the names
of the two merchants he could give them; they were Jonathan
H. Baker and John W. Westfall. Mr. Baker was a very strong
opponent of the road, and in March 1852, contributed an article
to the McDonough Independent relating a pretended conversation
overheard in the Post Office between Farmer Bangs and one of
the committee appointed to canvass the county in aid of the pro-
posed road, in which the farmer has the best of the argument, of
course.

At Blandinsville one of the speakers compared this section of
country, with its unsurpassed soil, its fine timber and abundance
of coal, with the country between Chicago and Galena, the latter
country having a railroad, the former none. In one year from the
time the railroad was completed between Chicago and Galena the
country lying along its route increased in population three hun-
dred per cent., and in wealth four hundred per cent., and asked if
it could be accounted for in any other way than on account of her
railroads. Del. Martin, a prominent citizen of the place, suggested
it might be on account of that country being settled by the Yan-
kees. Ever afterward the speaker made good use of Mr. Martin's
reply to his question. When in a neighborhood composed prin-
cipally of those emigrating from the South, he would ask them if
they would acknowledge such a conclusion was correct. " Have
these Yankees," said he, " more enterprise than you? Is that the
way you account for this prosperity ? No, sir ; it all results from
their having the advantages afforded by a railroad." When in a
Yankee settlement, he would ask them if they could not see the
force of Mr. Martin's reply. " These Yankees," said he, " under-
stand fully the laws of trade, and naturally go where they will be
sure of a good market for their products. In this they show their
shrewd, common sense. Will you not follow and profit by their
example ?"

As the day of election drew near, those favoring the road were
fearful of the result. The county had not been thoroughly can-
vassed, and the people were slow to vote aid for any purpose. If
the question could be brought fairly and squarely before them in
order that they might see the advantages to be derived in the
building of the proposed road, there could be no" doubt of secur-
ing a majority of votes in aid of its construction. It was therefore
resolved by friends to secure, if possible, a postponement of the
election. A petition to that effect was presented to the County

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 105

Court, and that body, on the sixth day of March, 1852, revoked
their former order for an election on the third Monday in that
month, and made order for an election Saturday, May 22, for or
against taking $50,000 stock in the Northern Cross Railroad.

Renewed efforts were now made by the friends of the road,
who worked day and night, for its success. As a result there were
817 votes cast for, and 644 against issuing the bonds, a majority
in its favor of 173. The McDouough Independent, in speaking
of this vote, says : " It may not be generally known that old
McDonough polled 200 more votes than an at any former election.
This vote should stimulate to action every citizen of McDonough,
for it is a sure and certain index of the growing prosperity of our
county. "We venture the prediction that in ten years from this
date we will, in number, almost double the vote just polled.
' So, look out for the cars when the bell rings.' ' This prediction
was more than fulfilled in eight years, viz : In 1860 the vote of
the county was 4,638, or more than three times the number in
1852. This shows the value of the road.

A year or more passed away, and still no road. Its friends
were almost in despair, and its enemies jubilant the soothing
phrase, " I told you so," was repeated over and over again to the
friends of the road until it became almost monotonous. The dif-
ficulty in securing eastern capital was the only impediment in the
way capitalists could not realize it would be for them a judicious
investment. The President of the road, Hon. !N". Bushnell, made
repeated visits east to secure this aid, but without success. The
first contract made by the road with this county was to the effect
that, in its corporate capacity, it should subscribe $50,000 to its
stock, issuing therefor its bonds, having thirty years to run, and
bearing six per cent interest. We presume arrangements were
made with other counties on the proposed line of the road upon
the same conditions. Mr. Bushuell found it utterly impossible to
obtain money to complete the road upon such terms. The ques-
tion now arose as to what should be done. Must the road be al-
lowed to fail? Its friends said "Xo;" its enemies said, " How
can you help it?" Individual subscriptions to the amount of
852,500 had been secured in this county for the building of the
road, thus showing that our citizens felt a great interest in the
success of the enterprise. It must be borne in mind that at this
time there was not to exceed 8,000 inhabitants in the county, and
they were of the poorer class, and to them this was a large sum.

106 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Arrangements were finally made with eastern capitalists upon
conditions thought favorable by Mr. Bushnell, and upon the
twenty-ninth day of June, 1853, at a meeting of the Board of
Directors of the road, held in the city of Quincy, the following
resolutions were passed and certified to the County Court of
McDonough County, at a special session held in Macomb, July 6,
1853:

Resolved, That in locating and constructing the Railroad from Quincy to Galesburg,
the faith of the Company is hereby pledged that the location shall be so made as to
make Macomb, in McDonough County, a point on the line.

Resolved, That in case McDonough County will, in its corporate capacity, in lieu of the
f 50,000 already voted, subscribe $75,000 to the capital stock of the Company, payable
in bonds bearing eight per cent interest, the Company will agree to pay until the road is
put in operation the whole distance from Quincy to Galesburg, all the interest which may
accrue on said bonds, over and above the $3000 annual interest which would accrue on
the bonds already voted, so that no additional tax will be required in consequence of this
increase of the County subscription. The interest thus advanced and paid by the Com-
pany to be hereafter refunded out of the surplus dividends which may be declared on the
County stock, after providing for the interest thereafter accruing on the bonds.

The Board thereupon passed the following order :

WHEREAS, by an act of the Legislature of the State of Illinois entitled "An act supple-
mental to 'An act entitled an act, to provide for a general system of Railroad Incorpora-
tions,' approved November 6, 1849." The several counties in the State are authorized
in the manner therein provided to subscribe to the capital stock of any railroad compa-
ny then organized or thereafter to be organized under any law of this State, to an
amount not exceeding one hundred thousand dollars ; and whereas the Court has been
requested by a large number of respectable citizens and voters of this county to take the
necessary steps to procure the vote of this county, at the earliest practicable period for
or against the subscription by the said county of seventy-five thousand dollars to the
capital stock of the Northern Cross Railroad Company, for the purpose of aiding in the
construction of the railroad of said company from the city of Quincy on the Mississippi
river, to the town of Galesburg, in Knox county.

AND WHEBEAS, it is the opinion of this Court, and ?B they believe a large majority of
the citizens and voters of the county, that the early completion of said railroad is of
paramount importance for the future growth, improvement, and prosperity of the county ;
and that it is their interest and duty, to aid by all reasonable means and to the extent of
their ability, in raising the means necessary to secure the success of this important en-
terprise.

It is therefore by the Court ordered, unanimously, that Isaac Grantham, Esq., the clerk
of this Court, be directed to give such notice as shall be lawful of an election, to be held
in the usual place of voting in the several precincts of said county on Saturday the twen-
tieth day of August, A. D. 1853, for the purpose of ascertaining the wishes of citizens,
voters of said county, in reference to the subscription of said county of seventy-five
thousand dollars, to the capital stock of the Northern Cross Railroad Company ; for the
purpose of aiding the construction of said railroad from Quincy to Galesburg ; said sub-
scription to be paid in the bonds of said county at their par value ; and payable twenty
years after their respective dates to the Northern Cross Railroad Company, or bearer,
with interest at the rate of eight per cent per annum ; payable semi-annually, according
to interest coupons to be thereto annexed ; both principal and interest being payable in

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 107

the city of New York ; and said bonds to be issued to the said railroad company from
time to time in discharge of the regular assessments made on stock subscription. a&
they may fall due. Said election to conform to the provisions of the act mentioned in
the foregoing preamble : and to be held and conducted in other respects, and the votes
counted and returns thereof made, by the judges and clerks of said election as in elec-
tions for State and County officers.

And it is also further unanimously ordered, that in case the citizens and voters of the
county of said election, shall duly authorize a subscription by the county of the said
seventy-five thousand dollars, to the capital stock of said railroad company, for the pur-
poses aforesaid, that the former vote of the county to subscribe fifty thousand dollars to
the stock of said company, shall thereby be revoked, cancelled, and annulled.

The friends of the road went immediately to work, the result
being, when the vote was counted upon the evening of August
20, there were eleven hundred and forty-five votes for and two hun-
dred and eighty-five against the stock. The city of Quincy, but a
few days before, by a vote of eleven hundred and thirty-two to
three, voted an additional 8100,000, making a total amount for
that city of 200,000.

In the fall of 1855 theiron horse made its first appearance in the
county, and by January, 1856, the road was completed to Gales-
burg, where connections were made with the Central Military
Tract Railroad to Chicago. From this date McDonough county
has continued to make rapid progress, and we are fully convinced
that no one regrets the aid rendered, though by the foreclosure of
the mortgage on the road the entire amount of stock taken by the
county, and by individual citizens, was lost. Property advanced
rapidly in price, emigration poured in, new farms were opened,
and a market was obtained for all surplus produce raised. Else-
where we give a resume of the business of the road since 1871 up
to January 1, 1876, the Chicago tire destroying the books of the
company previous to that date.

108 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XI.

HOME LIFE AND AMUSEMENTS.

The manners and customs of our forefathers are always
fraught with peculiar interest, and read of with pleasure and profit
by all. If we compare the places of abode of our fathers with
those of to-day, and the customs of those days with our own, we
are apt to regard those of the past in an unfavorable light. But
by outward appearance alone, things cannot safely be judged.
Many things appear outwardly beautiful which inwardly are the
reverse " without are fair, within full of dead men's bones."

We have not yet given a description of the dwellings of our
fathers, so here goes. Imagine a house about sixteen feet square,
seven and a half feet high, built up with large round or square logs,
and covered with clapboards, held on by huge weight poles, the
cracks in the walls filled with mud, which would occasionally fall
out, when the wind would whistle merrily through the door (for
there was but one) made of rough boards, with a wooden latch,
the string of which always hung out, a sign of welcome to the
weary traveler and the kind neighbor, and you have the exterior,
except that upon one side there was a small window, large enough
for a sash containing six eight by ten lights, sometimes
with glass in them, but often covered with greased paper. In the
interior you will find upon one side the huge fire place, large
enough to contain a back log as heavy as any man would care to
carry, and holding enough wood to supply an ordinary stove a
week ; on either side are hung pots and kettles, and over all a
mantle, on which stands the tallow-dip, to " give light to all who
are in the house," but which will hardly compare with the gas
jets of this day; the " little brown jug," which was not so little,
either, and generally well filled with a liquid which teetotalers
decline ; in one corner the larger bed for the oldfolks, under

109

which the trundle bed for the younger members of the family; in
another corner stands the old-fashioned large spinning wheel,,
with a smaller one by its side; in another the pine table, on
which three times a day th'e food of the family was placed, and
which was rapidly taken therefrom by the individual members
thereof; in still another may be seen the cumbersome loom; over
the door hangs the ever-trustful rifle and powder horn, ready for
instant use ; while around the room are scattered a few splint-bot-
tomed chairs and three-legged stools; a rude cupboard holding
the glass and queensware completes the furniture everything of
the simplest and rudest manufacture. And yet these homes,,
simple and rude as they were, were inhabited by a kind and true-
hearted people. They were strangers to mock modesty, and the
traveler seeking lodging for the night, or desirous of spending a
few days in the community, if willing to accept the offerings of
honest hearts, always found welcome. The people were industri-
ous from dire necessity. All who were old enough were usefully
employed. Children were inured to toil and labor while the lot
of the women was hard indeed. Upon them devolved the prep-
aration of the daily food, and from a very scant larder ; they were
required to weave the linen and woolsey, prepare the flax, cotton
and wool with their own hands, making almost the entire ward-
robe of the family some really doing it all. It was a life pecu-
liarly trying and wearying to them, yet borne with patience and
thankfulness.

The family bible was another article found in almost every
home, and the minister of the gospel appearing, the two served to-
turn the thoughts of the people in the right direction. To these
influences we ascribe in a great measure the prosperity of the
county, and the better moral sentiment that has usually prevailed.
Without such influence men would be barbarians; closely allied
to this influence is a desire for knowledge that must be appeased.
We therefore find the schoolteacher following closely in the wake
of the minister, and schools were established in every neighborhood
where a sufficient number of children could be brought together to
warrant the services of an instructor.

The cultivation of the flax was an important item with the
early settlers; cotton was raised to some extent, while sheep
raising was never neglected. The entire clothing of many fami-
lies was manufactured from these staple sources into cloth by the
prudent and tireless housewife.

110 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

The flax was often pulled by the women; and, after the seed
had been thrashed out, was spread on the grass to rot; and, when
rotted sufficiently, was bound in bundles and dressed ; that is, the
flax and tow were separated. Scarcely any crop, while growing,
was more beautiful than the flax. From one-halt to two bushels
of seed was sown on an acre, and the crop amounted to about two
hundred pounds. Cotton was less extensively raised, especially
after the big snow of 1830, though many tamilies raised enough
for their own use.

Great trouble was experienced for many years in the raising of
sheep, on account of the great number of wolves that infested the
country. But, notwithstanding this, enough wool was secured
for home use. One article largely manufactured, was called
" linsey-woolsey." It was made of equal parts of cotton and
wool, and colored according to the taste of the manufacturer.
The exquisite shades and delicate colors shown in the dress goods
of to-day were not observed in those times, our mothers being
content with good, solid colors.

There were few houses where the large and small spinning
wheel and the cumbersome loom were not found, together taking
up more room than all the rest of the furniture. Having all
these implements and manufacturing so much of their own
clothing, our fathers and mothers were almost independent of the
rest of the world. To-day all this is changed. The buzz of the
little spinning wheel, the whirr ot the larger ones, and the mo-
notonous click of the loom are heard no more. They are ban-
ished to the attic or given over to destruction.

"While our fathers and mothers toiled hard, they were not
averse to a little relaxation, and had their seasons for fun and en-
joyment. If they did not receive the oft-repeated visits of the
theatrical or minstrel troupe, the wonderful magician, or the man
with the " intelligent ants," they yet contrived to do something
to break the monotony of their daily life and furnish them with
a good hearty laugh.

Among the more general forms ol amusements was the "quilt-
ing bee," the corn-husking, or " corn-shucking," as generally
called in this country, and the u apple-paring." Our young read-
ers will doubtless be interested in a description of these forms of
amusements, where labor was made to afford fun and enjoyment
to all participating. " Quilting-bee," as its name indicates, was
where the industrious qualities of that busy little insect that

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. Ill

" improves each shining hour " was exemplified in manufacturing
quilts for the household. In the afternoon the ladies for miles
around gathered at the appointed place, and while their tongues
would not cease to play, their hands were busily employed in
making the quilt, and a desire was always manifested to get it out
as quickly as possible, for then the fun would begin. In the eve-
ning the gentlemen came, and the hours would then pass swiftly
by in playing some boisterous yet innocent game, or in the dance.
" Corn-husking " was where both sexes united in the husking.
They usually assembled in a large barn which was prepared for
the occasion, and when each gentleman had selected a lady part-
ner the husking began. ^Vhen a lady found a red ear she was
entitled to a kiss from every gentleman present ; if a gentleman
found one he was allowed to kiss every lady present. This fea-
ture of the general programme was particularly enjoyable, and
a source of unlimited fun and frolic. After the corn was all
husked the floor was cleared, the old violin brought out, tuned up,
and the merry dance begun, usually lasting until " broad day
light in the morning."

"Apple-paring " often called the young folks together when
the apples were pared tor the winter's sauce. The same kind of
sport was enjoyed after the supply was obtained, as in the case of
husking and quilting bees.

" The little brown jug" spoken of as having a place upon the
mantle, was often brought into requisition, it affording a means
of enjoyment that nothing else could supply. No caller was
permitted to leave the house without an invitation to partake of its
contents ; not to so invite was a breach of hospitality not to be
thought of for a moment. It was brought out upon all conceiv-
able occasions, and freely dispensed to old and young alike, with
no thought of danger. It was a thing of prime importance in all
the assemblages of men at log rollings, huskings, house raisings,
<fcc. It was essential at all births, and even at funerals. It has
often seemed a great wonder to us that the entire country was not
devoted to drunkenness, for in the early settlement of all its parts,
the same universal custom prevailed. Xo one then seemed to
think there could be danger ; now and then a drunkard was made,
but he was more pitied for his misfortune than for his want of
manhood or self-control ; it was not the use but only the abuse
of it that seemed wrong. It was thought impossible to work

112 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

without it, and it was therefore always present, and the drunken
broils occasioned by its use were soon forgotten.

Hunting was a favorite pastime of the men. Game was killed
more, however, for amusement than to supply the wants and
necessities of their families.

House-raisings furnished another occasion for assemblage and
enjoyment. Buildings were then made of such massive timbers
that it required a large force of men to erect them, which was
was done solely by muscular power, all the appliances of modern
inventions for this purpose being entirely ignored if not unknown.
On these occasions liquor was always free to all present. These
raisings were usually important events in every neighborhood,
and people from far and near came to witness and enjoy them.
Log-rolling was another mode of useful recreation. When a man
had felled the timber on a considerable space of ground, covered
as it was with a large growth, it was impossible for him, without
aid, te> get the logs together so as to burn them. He therefore
made a log rolling and invited all his neighbors, who came, and
with good will and strong muscles, brought the logs together, the
work ending with a good supper and a social good time.

Election days were observed as holidays. The men came to
town, voted, drank whiskey, smoked, swore, wrestled and fought,
all for a little fun.

Look as we may upon the questionable amusements of the
early times, we know that kind hearts, neighborly acts and
universal good will for all mankind was a genuine passion, and
therefore we forbear all criticisms.

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY 113

CHAPTER XII.

VARIOUS MATTERS.

The crime of murder has been rare in this county ; in fact, we
believe that in proportion to its population there has been less
crime in McDonough than in any other county in the State. Oc-
casionally we are shocked with the announcement of a terrible
murder committed in our midst. This was true on the morning
of the twenty-eighth day of May, 1854. On the evening before
at about nine o'clock, the alarm was given that James Dye, a
wealthy farmer living in the west part of the county on a farm
known as the "Prentiss farm," was murdered. Neighbors of the
deceased at once gathered, and an investigation was made, when
it was discovered that Mr. Dye had been killed while lying in
bed. An inquest was held upon the body by S. H. McCandless,
the coroner of the county. After examining the body and care-
fully investigating the matter, the jury returned a verdict that the
deceased came to his death by violent and unlawful means ; by
the hands of his own wife Rebecca, assisted by two accessories,
David B. Burress and S. P. Ray, all of whom were immediately
arrested and committed to the county jail to await a hearing be-
fore the Circuit Court.

On the tenth day of October following the grand jury of the
county found a true bill of indictment against the above parties.
The case being called in the Circuit Court, a continuance was
granted until the next term of the court. At this term a change
of venue was granted to David P. Burress, to AVarren County, and
Mrs. Dye, to Fulton county. A nolle prosequi was entered in
the case of Ray and he was discharged from custody.

Mrs. Dye was duly tried at the April term of the Circuit Court
of Fulton county, the trial lasting nine days. It was probably the
H 8

114 HISTORY OP M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

most exciting one that ever took place in that county. The
court room was crowded at every session, many ladies being con-
stantly in attendance. The counsel for the people were Messrs.
Goudy, of Fulton, Wheat, of Adams, and Schofield & Mack, of
Hancock. For the defense, Mrs. Dye secured the services of
Messrs. Manning, of Peoria, Kellogg & Ross, of Fulton, and Cy-
rus Walker, of McDonough. Probably a better array of coun-
sel could not have been secured in the entire State of Illinois.
They were all able men.

William C. Goudy opened the case for the people. He told the
jury that they "were called upon to discharge the most solemn
duty that ever devolved upon man, in the discharge of which in-
volved the life or death of a human being. The evidence they
had to offer was purely circumstantial. To living being was known
who saw the inhuman crime committed. But circumstantial evi-
dence, in many cases, was better than positive testimony the
guilty mind always acts inconsistent with its innocence, and this
marks out its own accusation. This is one of God's marks upon
crime. To hunt out, follow up, and arrest a criminal are its daily
uses. By its aid the police of our cities are constantly bringing
to light and arresting the perpetrators of evil deeds, who would
otherwise continue their crimes unmolested The prisoner before
you is indicted for the murder of her own husband. The deceased
came to his death by a blow upon the head from an axe or ham-
mer, or from a slung-shot in the breast, or from both. Three
persons are named in the bill of indictment, but you have only to
inquire as to the guilt of the prisoner before you. We expect to
show acts and words between Burress and the prisoner that will
show their connection with the murder, and bring to your mind
uacontrovertable evidence of the prisoner's guilt. Should we do
so, you have but one duty to perform, and that we shall expect at
your hands."

Cyrus Walker, for the defense, opened the ca?e, and spoke sub-
stantially as follows : u The arrangement has been made by the
counsel for the defense that I should make the opening statement. I
agree with the gentlemen that this is an important case. You,
gentlemen, are to decide a momentous question. The Emperor of
the Russias possesses no more power over the life of his subjects
than you have over the life of that lady. Her life is in your hands.
You can hang her up between the heavens and the earth, or you
can send her home to her children, from whom she has been torn

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 115

by the iron rule of the law. You must expect the case will be
somewhat tedious ; the issues involved are such it cannot be other-
wise. That woman before you, whose lite you hold in your hands,
is accused of an unnatural crime. The difference between murder
and manslaughter has been fully and accurately stated to you by my
friend, and it is in your province to find her guilty of either, if
the evidence should thus convince you. Certainty, beyond
a reasonable doubt, is required in all criminal cases the law
rejects preponderance. James Dye, the deceased, was a man be-
tween seventy and eighty years of age. He was married twice.
By his first wife he had twelve children. Six years ago he was
married to the accused, by whom he had three children, one at
the breast at the time of his murder. On Saturday, the twenty-
seventh ot May last, he was found dead in his bed, shot through
the breast, and his skull fractured just above the left eye. As is
very natural in such a case, there was much anxiety to find out the
perpetrators of the deed. Suspicion took the smallest circumstance
and magnified it; and the natural disposition in every community
to find out the cause that restless, eager energy that seizes every
point directed attention toward the accused. I warn you, gentle-
men, against such restless eagerness, against that suspicion that
blights without investigation, and condemns without proof. There
is no contest here, but as to who murdered Dye. James Dye was
a large farmer, a hard working man. I am bound to do justice to
the living. I must speak of the faults of the dead. The deceased
was an honest, industrious man, but he sadly neglected the educa-
tion of his children their moral and intellectual training was un-
provided for ; while his great aim was to accumulate property. He
had frequent quarrels with his sons, fights and law suits. These en-
gendered a bitter feeling between them, which often led to vio-
lence. After the old man's death, the boys were active to show the
prisoner's guilt they charged her with the murder and hinted
of circumstances to cast suspicion upon her. The old man died
intestate. There was a large dower coming to the prisoner. They
had various motives to induce them to be forward in settling opin-
ion against the accused. Knowing their previous quarrels, they
sought to divert suspicion from themselves, and have sought every
means to throw the guilt upon the prisoner. The prosecution has
stated the rules of evidence. I wish only to add, as the enormity
of the crime increases, so the character of the proof should be
more certain. There never was a greater error committed than

116 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

that from the pen of Dr. Paley, when he said that circumstantial
evidence could not lie. It was a fine theory, and having received
the sanction of so great a mind, has been handed down as incon-
trovertible. One ounce of sober sense upon such a point is better
than the speculative wisdom of the world. Remember, you are
not to enquire who murdered James Dye, nor, if she didn't, w T ho
did? You are only to decide as to the prisoners guilt."

Some eighty or ninety witnesses had been summoned and were
duly examined. As outlined in the remarks of the attorneys,
the prosecution endeavored to prove criminal intercourse, or at
least criminal intentions, on the part of Burress and the accused ;
and that they might more surely and securely carry out their evil
designs, it was necessary to get the old man out of the way. That
they made a strong case against the accused cannot be denied.
The defense, on the other hand, brought forward witnesses to
prove the good character of their client, showing how she many
times acted as peace-maker between the old man and his sons ;
how the old man regarded her as worthy of all confidence, giving
her all the money she wished for, and making her his " banker,"
as he said ; how that, in nature, he could live but a little while,,
and that his intention was to leave all his property to the accused
and her children; that the supposed facts, as set forth by the
prosecution, was entirely inconsistent with the state of affairs as
they existed. The case was ably argued on both sides. After
being out fifteen hours the jury brought in a verdict of guilty, and
sentenced the accused to five years in the penitentiary. It is said
that on the first ballot the jury stood four for acquittal and
eight for conviction, and the verdict, as given, was a compromise.

Mrs. Dye was in due time removed to the State's prison, but on
account of uniform good conduct, and on the recommendation of
the Warden, she was pardoned long before the expiration of her
term. As to her guilt or innocence, we are not prepared to judge ;
suffice it to say, that, on receiving her pardon, she returned to
Macomb, where she resided for many years, enjoying, we believe,
the respect of all who knew her. She died in the year 1874.

The success attending the vote on the proposition of taking
stock in the Northern Cross Railroad, and the certainty of its
early completion, made the people enthusiastic on the subject of
railroads, and the belief became general, that, with their aid, the
county would become very wealthy and populous within a few

HISTORY OF M'DONOCGH COUNTY. 117

years. Other railroads had been projected, and their companies
were desirous of running their lines so as to obtain the most money
a straight line being no object if a larger amount could be ob-
tained by deviations. On the seventh day of December, 1855, a
petition was presented to the County Court, praying that it be
submitted to a vote for or against taking subscription to the cap-
ital stock of the AVabash and Mississippi Railroad to the amount
of 175,000. The prayer of the petitioners was granted, and a
vote was ordered for the twenty-sixth day of January, 1856. The
vote was taken, resulting in the defeat of the proposition. This
did not dishearten the friends of the project, and on the seventh
day of June another petition was presented, signed by a large
number of voters, for the purpose of having submitted the prop-
osition of voting aid to the amount of $100,000 to the Wabash
<fc Mississippi and the Rock Island and Alton Railroads, $50,000 to
each. The prayer of the petitioners was granted, (Silas J. Grigsby
dissenting), and the election was ordered to be held on the
fourth day of August. The conditions of the proposition to be
voted on were that Macomb should be a point in both of the
above named roads, and that no bonds should be issued until the
roads were completed to Macomb.

On the twenty-eighth day of June, at a special session of the
County Court, Charles R. Hume, of Blandinsville, presented a
petition, signed by a large number of citizens, praying that the
Court would amend or change its former order, made on the sev-
enth day of the present month, so as to make the towns of Blan-
dinsville and Bushnell points in the Wabash and Mississippi Rail-
roads, instead ot Macomb. The prayer of the petitioners was
refused. This led to the defeat of the proposed measures.

On the sixth day of September still another petition was pre-
sented to the Court, and an order made for voting on the proposi-
tion of taking stock to the amount of $50,000 to the Rock Island
and Alton Railroad on the same conditions as previously stated,
viz : that Macomb should be made a point. The election was
held on the fourth day of Xovember, and was carried by a re-
spectable majority.

At a meeting of the County Court on the sixth day of Septem-
ber, this same year, J. M. Clark and one hundred and thirty-six
other legal voters of the county presented a petition praying that
an order be made for an election to be held on the fourth day of
Xovember, that a vote might be taken upon the proposition of

US HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

adopting the township organization law. The prayer of the peti-
tioners was granted, the election held, resulting in a majority in
favor of the adoption of the law.

At the December term of the Court an order was made appoint-
ing commissioners to divide the county into towns, or townships,
and Levi H. Bradbury, of Prairie City, Harrison Huugate, of
Blandinsville, and William R. Downen, of Industry, were ap-
pointed. The commissioners reported, dividing the county as it
at present stands, save Prairie City and Bushnell townships were
then one and called by the former name.

The old jail becoming too small, and inconvenient in many par-
ticulars, the County Court decided upon building a new one.
The contract w r as immediately let, Hector McLean taking the
stone work, and W. O. Thomas & Co. the brick and wood work,
and Ingram & Painter the painting. The total cost of the build-
'ing was about $3,500. We can not say much for it, it being a
continual expense to the county every year. Prisoners broke out
without trouble, necessitating* an almost constant watch. As-
a general thing we can commend the wisdom of our County
Board of Supervisors, they conducting the affairs of the county
in a very prudent and economical manner, but in this respect
their economy is not to be commended. Although we have
not the figures at hand, we verily believe more money has-
been spent for repairs, guarding the jail, and re-capturing prison-
ers, than would have built as fine a building as we have in the
Military Tract.

The old log-jail, in due time, by order of the Court, was sold by
the Sheriff, the city of Macomb becoming the purchaser, for the
sum of $275. It has been in use by the city ever since as a city
prison, and is known as the old calaboose.

On the eleventh day of April the County Court assembled for
legislative purposes, for the last time. Present, Hon. Thompson
Chandler, presiding judge ; Samuel Calvin and Silas J. Grigsby,
Associates. The last order made by them was for ironing the new
jail, after which they adjourned sine die, being succeeded by the
Board of Supervisors.

With reference to Burress, arrested for the murder of James
Dye, his trial was never held. On the night of August 11, 1855,
he escaped from the county jail, at Macomb, but returned, after
an absence of about ten days, and gave himself up to the authori-

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 119

ties. On the evening of the tenth of November, following, he
again escaped. A reward of one hundred dollars was offered for
his capture. He was traced to the State of Indiana, and a party
went in pursuit of him, but when they reached the place where he
was seen, he was gone, since which time he has never been heard
from. AYhether guilty of the crime charged against him will
probably never be known.

120 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XIII.

DIVISION OF THE COUNTY.

The committee appointed for the purpose of dividing the county
into townships reported in due time that they had performed that
duty. By their report the county was divided into sixteen town-
ship, having the following names : Eldorado, Industry, Eagle
Town, Lamoiue, ~New Salem, Scotland, Erin, Tennessee, Mound,
Macomh, Spring Creek, Eock Creek, Prairie City, Walnut Grove,
Sciota, Blandiusville. The first election for township officers was
held in April, 1857, and the Board of Supervisors held its first
meeting May 11, 1857. At this meeting the name of Eagle Town
was changed to Bethel ; Rock Creek to Hire ; Erin to Chalmers,
and Spring Creek to Emmet. A petition was presented praying
that the town of Prairie City he divided into two townships, but
the prayer of the petitioners was refused. The following are the
names and location of the various townships :

Eldorado, 4 K, 1 W. ; Industry, 4 K, 2 TV. ; Bethel, 4 K, 3 TV.;
Lamoine, 4 K, 4 W. ; New Salem, 5 K, 1 TV. ; Scotland, 5 K, 2
W. ; Chalmers, 5 K, 3 TV. ; Tennessee, 5 K, 4 TV.; Mound, 6 K,
1 TV.; Macomb, 6 K, 2 TV. ; Emmett, 6 K, 3 TV. ; Hire, 6 K, 4
TV, ; Prairie City, 7 K, 1 TV. ; TValnut Grove, 7 K, 2 W. ; Sciota,
7 K, 3 TV. ; Blandinsville, 7 K, 4 TV.

By the above we were entitled to sixteen members of the Board
of Supervisors, since which time Macomb City has been allowed
two representatives, and Prairie City township has been divided,
the west half called Bushnell. Bushnell township is given one rep-
resentative, and Bushnell city one, making in all twenty members
of the Board of Supervisors. TVe here subjoin sketches of the
various townships, beginning with

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 121

Eldorado. This township lies in the extreme southeast part of
the county, 4 n., 1 w. It was first settled in 1831 ; A. J. Foster
building the first house on section 2, in the northeast portion of
the township, the settlement being known to this day as Foster's
Point. About one-fourth of the township is timber land, the bal-
ance being a beautiful prairie. The timber land all lies in the
southern part, with the exception of about seven hundred acres in
the northeast part, comprising all of section 1 and part of section
2. Divided up, we have 21,292 acres of improved land; 1,400
acres of iinimproved. In the southeastern part of the township,
coal and building stone are found in great quantities, and of a good
quality. Several small streams run through the township, fur-
nishing living water for stock in all seasons of the year. Sugar
creek and its branches are the principal water courses.

As showing the value of the township for all purposes we com-
pile the following facts and figures of its products for the year
1875, together with the number of head and value of all kinds of
stock : There were 21,293 acres of improved land, of which num-
ber 7,634 acres were in corn, 1,457 in wheat, 1,467 in oats, and
656 in other products. There were also 2,270 head of cattle,
-value, $47,574 ; hogs, 4,192 value, 822,982; horses, 747 value,
f 81,200.

At the residence of Father Harris, living on section 1, was per-
formed the first marriage ceremony in the township Mr. Cleon
Keddick and Miss Lucy Harris, by Rev. Aaron Kinney, a Univer-
salist minister, in the year 1839.

The first birth was Samuel J. Foster, son of A. J. and Sarah
Foster, who was born in the fall of 1831. The first death was
Ximrod Foster, son of Henry Foster, in the fall of the same year.

Miss Lucy Harris taught the first school, in 1837.

Eldorado Township, politically, is Democratic. As members
of the Board of Supervisors it has sent John Price, James Keach,
Thomas Lawyer, William Marshall, Milton Amrine, Thomas Cox,
James Irwin, Isaac Chandler, Job Marshall and A. J. Herron,
the present efficient member.

There are no towns in the township, and her people can truly
be said to be agricultural in their tastes and habits.

In churches and school houses the township is behind none.
On the southwest corner of section 15 is a good town hall, known

122 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

as Eldorado Hall. This building was erected about the year 1869,
at a cost of $1,800. It is used for all public purposes, such as
elections, meetings of town officers and general public meetings.

New Salem. New Salem township lies in range 5 north, 1 west,
and is generally believed to contain the finest body of land in the
county. With the exception of a small tract of thirty-eight acres
of timber in the southern part, it is entirely prairie land, and for
richness of soil and adaptability to the various products of this
country, is unsurpassed. The township was first settled in 1828,
William Penhington erecting his cabin in the region now known
as Pennington's Point. There was probably at that time a little
more timber in the township than at present, and the early settlers
made their homes so as to have the benefit of it. No attempt was
made to settle the prairie for many years after, though we believe
it was the first township in which this was generally done.

No better improved farms are to be found in the Military Tract
than in New Salem Township ; and herein live some of the most
wealthy and honored of our citizens. The hospitality of her
citizens is unbounded, and the "latch-string always hangs out"
and the weary traveler finds a hearty welcome.

Among the early settlers of this township we may mention
William Pennington, Stewart Pennington, Major Yocum, J. E. D.
Hammer, Salem Woods, and, William Moore. Salem Woods,
although he did not effect a settlement in the township until 1830,
visited it in 1828, coming irom his home in Pennsylvania on foot,
for the purpose of examining the land he had purchased the year
before, in 1827. Not finding the country as well settled as he
anticipated, he returned to his old home, but came out again two
years after, settled down on section 30, where he has resided ever
since, retaining the original deed. Mr. Woods brought the first
stove ever seen in McDonough County, a stove that was a great
wonder in its day. We have heard of women making their bread,
and carrying it a distance of nine miles to have the honor of
baking it in that stove. Mr. Woods has yet a portion of it. One
of the most jolly, good-natured souls that ever lived was Major
Stephen Yocum, and the citizens of the Point will long remember
him.

The first marriage in the township was Mr. Morgan Jones and
Miss Elizabeth Osborne, who were united by Joseph Osborne,
Esq., in February, 1834. The first birth was Perry Pennington,

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 125

son of "Wm. Pennington, in the year 1828. The first death, J. J-
Pennington, son of Stewart Pennington, September 10, 1838.

The first sermon was preached by old Father Harris, at the
house of AVilliam Osborne, at Pennington^ Point, in 1834.

The first school was taught at Pennington's Point by Miss
Martha Campbell, now the widow of the John M. Walker. Gideon
AVaters was the first to teach a public school and drew the first
public money.

This township has one village in its boundaries, the village of
Adair, on the Chicago, Rock Island and St. Louis Railroad.
Mention is made elsewhere of this place, to which we call atten-
tion. Pennington's Point, although, not incorporated, has quite
a little settlement around it. there being a general store, a black-
smith shop, a doctor's oifice, and a post office. Mr. S. Raby is.
the postmaster, Dr. E. Bolles, the physcian, while the store and
blacksmith shop are also run by Mr. Raby.

The products of the township are such as are common through-
out the county. The value of the land as assessed is $687,590.
There are 22,286 acres of improved land and not one unimproved.
In horses, cattle, hogs, and other stock, she ranks second to none.
In fine stock, the township is probably ahead, especially on cat-
tle. This is the home of Joseph and Russell Lownes, who live
on sec. 27, near the county line. These gentlemen, for many
years, have turned their attention to fine cattle, and have about as
fine herds as are to be found in this section of the country.

The following named gentlemen have served as members of .the
Board of Supervisors : James H. Epperson, Joseph Lownes, Simon
Pontious, Asahel Russell, Reuben C. Porter, Lyman Porter, Joseph
E. Porter, Amaziah Hanson, Abram Powers, John L. Epperson.

Mound. The southern portion of this township is low and flat;
the eastern, bordering on Spoon river brakes, is broken and hilly ;
the remainder of the land is beautifully rolling and fertile. On
section 14 is the summit of a very high mound, perhaps the high-
est point in the county; the ascent is very gradual, and scarcely
perceptible. "When the summit is reached a grand view of the
surrounding country presents itself. From this mound the town-
ship derives its name. The mound is known as Dyer's Mound.

Of the thirty-six sections, but one is timber land.

124 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

In the northeastern portion, but a few feet "below the surface,
coal is found in paying quantities, and several mines are now being
worked.

As for improvements, Mound ranks among the best, there being
but few poor farms in the whole township. There are several fine
churches in the township, also a good town hall, but the school
houses fall below the average, and are not in keeping with the
wealth and high standing of the people. This doubtless will soon
be otherwise.

Mound has more miles of railroad than any other township in
the county. There is one village, New Philadelphia, which is
noticed under the head of towns and villages.

The first settlement was in 1832, Joseph Smith building a house
on section 18, and occupying it with his family. But little pro-
gress was made as respects increase in population and the develop-
ment of the resources of the township for many years after. The
Crawfords, Jacksons, Creels, Kepples and McCandless are nurn-
bered among the first settlers all good and industrious families,
and still living in the respective neighborhoods in which they first
settled.

Edward Dyer and Jane Kepple were the first couple united in
the holy bonds of matrimony. They were married on the seven-
teenth day of April, 1838, by the Rev. John Richmond, a Methodist
minister, who organized the first church in the township. The
first preaching in the township was also by a Methodist, Rev. E.
Thompson, who preached at the house of Jacob Kepple, in the
year 1836. There are now three churches in the township, viz :
Methodist Episcopal, Christian, and United Brethren.

The first birth was that of Josephine Kulp, about the year 1834,
and the first death was Emily Miller, daughter of George and
Mary C. Miller, who died in the year 1832.

S. H. McCandless taught the first school in the first cabin ever
built in the township, iri'the year 1838.

There are in the township 22,238 acres of improved land, having
an assessed value of $872,260, a higher rate than any other in the
county. There is no unimproved land.

"With respect to products, the township will favorably compare
with any other in the county. In stock it ranks number one. In
intelligence and business enterprise second to none. Being the
home of such men as the Porters, Creels, Manlys, Works, and
others, this is not to be wondered at.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 125

Politically, Mound is Republican. The township has been rep-
resented in the Board of Supervisors by Samuel H. McCandless,
Solomon Markham, Edward Dyer, Christian Ely, James TJpde-
graff, Lyman Porter, James Manly, Joseph Shannon, Thomas J.
Creel, Ross Manly, and Joseph Shannon.

In 1874 a town hall was erected on section 21, at a cost of $1,000.
It is a frame building, twenty-four by thirty-six, and is used for
all town purposes, such as elections, public meetings, etc.

Prairie City and Bushnell. These townships were originally
one, and lie 7 north, 1 west, and are almost wholly prairie land,
and as good as can be found in the Military Tract. Matthew B.
Robinson was the first settler, erecting a house on section 30
now Bushnell township. G. "W. Thompson was probably the
second, and settled on section 25, six miles east from Mr. Robinson.
Mr. Thompson remarked to the writer that, notwithstanding the
distance, they were truly neighbors, much more than many who-
now live within a stone's throw of each other. This was charac-
teristic of early times.

But little was done in the settlement of the township until the
completion of the C. B. & Q. R. R., when, in a short time, every
quarter was taken up and occupied.

The first birth was Missouri E. Robinson, daughter of Matthew
B. Robinson, who was born in 1837.

The first death was John AV. Clark, who died in September,.
1847.

The Presbyterians were the first to enter this new field and sow
the seeds ot the gospel, Rev. William H. Stewart, of Macomb r
preaching the first sermon, at the house of Matthew B. Robinson.

The first school was taught by David Robinson, in the year
1838.

The township increased very rapidly in wealth and population
on the completion of the railroad, and two towns were laid out
within its limits ; one on sections 1 and 2, and the other on sec-
tions 27, 28, 33 and 34 the former called Prairie City and the
latter Bushnell. These towns are noticed elsewhere at some
length.

By an act of the Legislature the township was divided in 1865,
the north half retaining the name of Prairie City and the south
half adopting the name of Bushnell.

126 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

This township has always been Republican. Before the divis-
ion the following named gentlemen served it on the Board of
Supervisors: AlonzoS.Kimber, G. F. Hendrickson, Isaac Weaver,
Hiram Conover and D. R. Hamilton. Since its division Prairie
City has been repreoented by H. C. Sanford, G. "W. Hamilton,
James W. Brooks, Sanger S. Stevens, G. "W. Closson, and A. T.
Irwin. Bushnell has sent J. H. Smith, I). M. Wychofr, James
Devon, S. A. Epperson, A. L. Sparks, J. C. Cadwallader, and E.
D. C. Ilaines.

Industry. Industry township lies in range 4 north, 2 west, and
is the oldest settled district in the county,, it embracing the old
Carter settlement of which we make mention elsewhere in this
work. About two-fifths of the township was originally timber
land, a good part of which is now brought under cultivation.

Being the oldest settled township in the county its people can
boast of having initiated several customs. Here was performed
the first marriage ceremony in the county. Mr. John Wilson and
Miss Martha R. Yance, being united in the "holy bands of wed-
lock" on the 30th day of October, 1828; here the first child was
born, a daughter to Thomas Carter in August, 1828 ; here the
first death, a son of Isaac Fowler, in 1829 ; here the first gospel
sermon, by Elder John Logan, in May, 1828; here the first church
erected in 1831, which is still standing, it having been built as a
Union church; here the first school, taught by an Englishman
named Jenkins.

The township now has 21,457 acres of improved lands, and
1,403 acres of unimproved, with a total cash value of $612,866;
towns lots, $33,749. In the past year (1875), there were planted
and sown 6,987 acres corn, 1,651 acres wheat, 1,057 acres oats,
212 acres other products. There were in the township 910
horses, 1,806 cattle, 68 mules, 868 sheep, and 2,521 hogs. (For
value of these see table).

In the south part of the township, and probably underlying
every square foot of soil in all parts, may be found coal in great
abundance, the veins averaging thirty-three inches. Ebenezer
Jones, James A. Yawter, William Dupees and others are working
good veins of an excellent quality.

We find in the township, including the town of Industry,
several churches, showing the spiritual wants of the people are not
neglected. There are also school houses, with an average attend-
ance in their schools of four hundred and sixty-seven.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 127

Grindstone Creek (formerly called Turkey Creek) is the princi-
pal stream passing through the township, it coming in on section 1
and passing out at section 19. Camp Creek passes through a
portion of sections 5 and 6. Thus we find the township well
watered. All things taken into consideration, the division of the
township into timber and prairie land, the abundance f coal,
stone for building purposes, etc., we consider Industry well-favor-
ed. Among the wealthy farmers, we may mention Darius Runkle,
who owns large tracts of land in the southern part. The follow-
ing named gentlemen have served the township as members of the
Board of Supervisors : Joel Pennington, 1857-60 ; Darius Kunkle,
1860; Leander Cassidy, 1861-63; P. B. Cordell, 1863-65; T. J.
Peunington, 1865 ; James P. Skiles, 1866-68 ; George A. Taylor,
1868; R. A. Duncan, 1869 ; Ebenezer Vail, 1870; T. J. Peunington,
1871; T. B. Cordell, 1872; Thomas L. Maxwell, 1873; C. R.
Shannon, 1874; W. H. Taylor, 1875; William Kinkade, 1876.

Scotland. This township derived its name from the large number
of Scottish citizens living in the township at its organization. It
lies in range 5 north, 2 west.

The first settlement effected in the township was in the year
1832. Dr. Charles Hays, a physician of large practice in the
early times, and the Hon. Cyrus Walker being the first to erect
their cabins. The Clarks, Alisons, Harlans, and Campbells were
among the early settlers. These men are yet living, or have
descendants living in the township, all, we believe, well-to-do
farmers and excellent business men.

The township is all prairie land, except groves along the banks
of Camp Creek, which is reported to the assessors as being timber
land, and containing 6C2 acres, a little more than a section. The
soil is the best in the county, and no township can boast a greater
yield of corn or other products to the acre. A large amount of
stock is raised, it being one of the best sections of country in the
State for that purpose.

Xo better improved farms are found, no finer residences and
better barns than those in this township. The people are all of
the industrious class, and are continually adding to their wealth.
Dr. B. E. Westfall, Milton Knight, S. C. Knight, Amos Dixon,
L. F. Smith, M. Herndon, J. M. Eexroat, and the Barclay broth-
ers, are among the prominent men of the township.

128 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Rev. Wm. K. Stewart, a Presbyterian minister, living in Ma-
comb, preached the first gospel sermon at the house of Hon. Cyrus
Walker, in the year 1837. This denomination outranks all others
in the township, having two flourishing churches in the southern
part, a description of which may be found in the chapter on the
religious history of the county.

The first school taught in the township was in a log house on
Camp Creek, Miss Mary Mead as teacher. Scotland to-day has
the best school buildings of any township in the county, in num-
ber, nine, and valued at about 10,000. Her schools have always
been the best, with number one teachers usually employed.

The first death was the Rev. Ezekiel Campbell, who died in the
year 1834, on what is now known as the Craig farm.

The first couple marrying in the township we were unable to-
learn.

The assessed value of land for the year 1876 is $634,080. A
small portion of Macomb lies in this township, but its record of
town lots are kept by that city, and do not come under the super-
vision of the township officers at all. In value of stock Scotland
ranks third in the county. In imported stock it ranks first. Dr.
B. R. Westfall and J, M.Rexroat have been making special efforts
to improve the stock of the county by importing thorough bred
horses and cattle from Europe and other places.

Scotland politically is Republican by a large vote, and is usually
relied upon by the leaders of that party to bring in a good major-
ity.

Isaac P. Monfort, George W. Provine, Jacob Randolph, John
Blackburn, Samuel R. Jones, John C. Moore, John Watson, L. F.
Smith, Jonas Ringer and John Barclay have served the township
as members of the Board of Supervisors.

Macomb. The history of this township in a measure is identi-
fied with the history of the city of Macomb. It lies in six north,,
two west, and is principally prairie, though having considerable
timber along the margin of Crooked creek and its branches. In
woodland there was reported to the assessor in 1876, only a little
over a section 696 acres. Among the settlers in the township
were Alexander Harris, Joseph Smith, Robert Grant, J. P. Upde-
graff, Ephraioa Palmer, William Hamilton and Levi Hamilton,
the first among them settling about the year 1831. This town-

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 129

ship was made noted at an early day by the circumstances of a
child being lost, an account of which is given in one of the first
chapters of this book.

The township now has some advantages over those of any other
in the county, chiet among which is its accessibility to a railroad
depot, there being no part of it over four miles from one. It has
only two churches in it, but its proximity to the towns surround-
ing it obviates any difficulty here.

Crooked creek passes through the entire township, coming in
at section thirteen, and passing out at section thirty. Drowning
Fork, of this stream, derived its name from the circumstance of a
man being drowned tliere about the year 1827. Two soldiers
were returning from the northern part of this State, or Wisconsin,
where they had been fighting Indians, going south. When they
arrived at this branch of Crooked creek they found it swollen by
recent rains. In attempting to cross, one of them was drowned.
His companion buried him beside the stream, and made his way
to the block house, in Industry township, where he narrated the
circumstances to the few settlers surrounding it, who returned
with him to the creek and found it as he described. They gave
it the name which it has since borne Drowning Fork.

Although there are fewer acres of land susceptible of cultiva-
tion in the township, it is well improved in every respect,
and has living within its boundaries some of the most en-
terprising farmers in the county, among whom we may mention
L. H. Copeland, formerly County Superintendent of Public
Schools, David Holler, H. H. McElwain, Durham Harris, L. H.
Shriner, John Wiley, Andy Lewis, William Rile, James Fulton,
Abraham Switzer, L. H. Shriner, W. E. Roberts, John
Crabb, the Cline Brothers, Joseph Parks, and a host of others.
David Holler has an advantage over many of the farmers of the
county, in the fact that he can sell the dirt of his farm, and
whether able to raise anything or not, he can still live. The
finest clay in the world for the manufacture of fire-brick, tiling
and earthenware, comes from his farm.

The land in this township not available for cultivation makes
the finest pasture, and we find the township excelling as a stock-
producing country, having three times as many h'ead of cattle as
any other.

H 9

130 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

The greater part of the city of Macomb lies in this township,
and also the town of Bardolph. This takes from the total value
of the lands, but it has 623,127 worth, at the assessed value.

We find the following named persons who have served in the
Board of Supervisors : James Maguire, Louis H. Waters, B. E.
Hampton, William S. Hendricks, Firman Casto, O. F. Piper, Wil-
liam J. Merritt, F. D. Knapp, William II. Rile, John Archer,
Thomas Cline and Foster Dobbins.

Walnut Grove. This township was not settled as early as some
others, the first record wo have being in the spring of 1335, when
Sidney Gear erected his house on section J4. It is a beautiful
prairie country, its timber land, about one hundred acres, lying
along the banks of the stream.

The first birth was Flora M. Walker, daughter of Gilmore
Walker, who was born in the year 1836. Mr. Walker was the
first to lose a child, Martha Walker, who died in the fall of 1837.
Rev. Harrison Berry, a Cumberland Presbyterian clergyman, and
Miss Martha Walker were the first couple married in the town-
ship. They were united on the fifteenth day of February, 1838,
at the residence of Gilmore Walker, by the Rev. Cyrus Haines.
The Rev. Mr. Griggs preached the first sermon in 1836. Walker
Findley taught the first school in 1838, in a log cabin on section 16,
near what is now known as the Deer Park.

The township is well represented by the various religious
denominations, each having good church buildings, showing the
inhabitants are not adverse to religious influences. As to its
educational facilities, it is up to the average.

The T. P. & W. Railroad passes through the township on the
south side, and the St. L., C. & R. I. crosses its northeast corner.
A portion of Good Hope lies in the township, near the southwest
corner. This town is mentioned elsewhere. Bushnell and Prairie
City are within convenient distance, which give the people good
markets.

Politically, the township may be classed as Republican. We
find the following named gentlemen have been members of the
Board of Supervisors : Dr. D. J. Dungan, John McSperritt,
Joshua Larkins, D. A. McKee, Samuel McWhinney, E. B. Davis,
William W. Stewart, David Brockway and R. A. Morris.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 131

Bethel. This township lies 4 north, 3 west, and is principally
timber land, containing some of the finest in the county. John
Gibson has the honor of being the first to settle here, he building
himself a cabin in the year 1830, about the time the Clarkes,Xay-
lors, and others settled in the neighborhood of Macomb. Mr.
Gibson built his house on section 2, near the present village of
Micldletown. That his selection of a site was good is admitted
by all. James Edmundson, one of the first County Commission-
ers, Marks, Dunsworth, Archer, and Matthews also came at an
early day.

The first marriage was Mr. Thomas Driskill and Miss Sarah
Gibson, who were united November 16, 1839, by Jesse Neece,
Esq., a Justice of Peace. The first birth was Joseph, son of John
Gibson, in 1832.

The Baptist was the first religious denomination to preach the
gospel, old Father Bradley and Thomas Owens, doing the work.
These men, we believe, organized a Baptist church here about
1835.

John Claybaugh taught the first school on section 6, in 1831.

This township is well watered, the two forks of Crooked Creek
passing through its entire length, one coming in on section 24, and
the others on section 1, both uniting and passing out on section 31.

The north part of the township is prairie land, and we find
some of the finest farms in the county. The southern part is
timber laud, and is the depository of immense beds of coal and a
great deal of stone for building purposes. Copper, zinc and iron
ore have been found in large quantities, though but little effort
has been made to test the matter as to whether it can be found
sufficient to pay working or not.

There are in the township 17,403 acres of improved land, and
-5,053 acres of wood land.

This is a democratic township, and has sent as members of the
Board of Supervisors the following named gentlemen : James H.
Dunsworth, John Nankivil, James Black, Wm. Twaddle, James
Eobinson, John M. Dunsworth, Samuel Wilson, Archibald Hols-
tine, AVm. H. Kankivil.

Chalmers. This is one of the oldest settled townships in the
county, and lies five north, three west. Daniel and David Trox-
well, Berry Jones and theMcFaddens were the first to inhabit the

132 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

township, in 1828. The first mentioned left the following year r
1830. John D. Barber, Jesse Neece and Robert Phelps can also
be numbered with the first.

This township contains more timber land than any other in the
county, which doubtless accounts for its early settlement and
subsequent growth. John W. Westfall, familiarly known as
Governor Westfall, and Miss Neece, were the first couple married.
Miss ISTeece was the daughter of Jesse Neece, and a sister of Horu
W. H. ISTeece. They were married by James Clarke, Esq., a Jus-
tice of the Peace, on the fifteenth day of December, 1834.

The first birth was Martin, son of Eobert Phelps, in the year
year 1830.

The first death was a Mr. Bowen, who died in the year 1830, at
the residence of David McFadden, on the farm now owned by
"William Hunter, near the city of Macomb. He was buried in the
old grave yard near Macomb, and was the second person interred
therein.

Rev. John Baker, who is mentioned in the first part of this-
work, a Baptist minister,*prcached the first discourse at the resi-
dence of Daniel Troxwell, in 1830.

William Shelton taught the first school on section 20, in 1833.

A portion of the city of Macomb lies in the northeast corner of
this township, and a portion of the town of Colchester lies on
section nineteen.

By reference to the returns of the assessors, we learn that there
are yet 7,760 acres of timber land, a greater number than any
other in the county. The fuel question, so far as they are con-
cerned, is settled.

There are here many good farms, the most of which are small,,
there being very few large landholders. This is far better for the
general good.

Living here we find the following named excellent citizens, who-
have done much, and are still working for, the best interest of the
township : C. W. Dunsworth, George W. Duncan, and William
Reid, W. S. McClelland, George Kruse, John D. Barber, Mrs,
Alison and Mrs. Sullivan.

This township has always been Democratic. The following
have been sent to represent the township as members of the Board
of Supervisors since the adoption of the township organization
law : Isaac McCowan, Alexander Blackburn, Jeremiah Sullivan,

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 133

Sr., Henry S. Marvel, T. B. McCormick, Cyrus Hoyt, George W.
iXeece, Jeremiah Sullivan, Jr., R. L. Horrell and George M.
Thompson.

Emmet. This township lies 6 north, 3 west, and is about equally
divided between timber and prairie land. A portion of it lying
in the present city of Macomb, its history is contemporaneous with
it, Peter Hale, the first Coroner of the county, building his cabin
on the quarter where the old grave yard, west of Macomb, is lo-
cated, in the year 1830. William Pringle settled a short dis-
tance west. This was the first settlement in the township. In the
year 1881 William Pennington removed from Pennington's Point,
and located upon Spring creek, about eight miles northwest of
Macomb, where he still resides. John Wyatt settled near by
about the same time. Others soon followed, and the Spring Creek
settlement became quite noted. The Russells, McCords, Hum-
berts, and others were among the first, and all have descendants
yet living in the township.

Elder John Logan, the noted pioneer preacher, a short biogra-
phy of whom we give elsewhere, preached the first sermon on
Spring creek in the year 1832.

David G. McFadden and Miss Dorcas Bowen were the first
couple married in the township, the ceremony being performed by
James Vance, Sr., a Justice of the Peace, some time in the year
1833. This McFadden was one of the two hung about two years
later for the murder of John Wilson, they being the only citizens
ot McDonough county who have met the like fate.

The township is well watered, and is an excellent stock country.
Crooked creek passes through the southeast portion of the town-
ship, and Spring creek and tributaries running through the greater
portion of it, furnishes living water at all seasons of the year.

There are many excellent farms here, and the farmers are nearly
all well to do men. J. D., A. J. and J. K". Hainline, Samuel Dey,
James D. Griffith, Samuel McCray, A. B., William and George
Stickle, George Guy and sons, William C. McLeod, are among
her best citizens.

There are 4,439 acres of wood land, and 20,055 improved, and
2,762 unimproved land. The improved is assessed for 1876 at
432,623.

In churches and school houses the township will bear compari-
son with any other.

134 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Emmet has always been Democratic, generally voting the ticket
straight. This year, 1876, by strong effort, the Republicans suc-
ceeded in getting a small majority on their county ticket.

The following named gentlemen have served as members of the
Board of Supervisors : Jonathan H. Baker, James M. Campbell,
Charles Creel, "William C. McLeod and Thomas Murray. Since
1859, William C. McLeod has served on the Board fourteen years,
a longer time than any other person in the county save one. He
certainly has made an efficient officer.

Sciota. This township lies in range 7 north, 3 west, and is a
very fine body of land. With the exception of one-quarter sec-
tion in the southwest corner, it is entirely prairie, and nearly all
available for cultivation. The land is very fertile, and at this
time there is scarcely a foot of soil, outside of public highways,,
but what is under fence, and all under cultivation, save the tim-
ber land mentioned above and a little on the brakes of the creeks.

The first settlement made in this township was in the year 183(>
Pressly Purdy, John Hainline, Benjamin Clark and V. M. Har-
din being among the early settlers. The township made no-
special growth until about the time of the completion of the
Chicago, Burlington & Quincy Railroad. There being so much
prairie land within its boundaries, it seemed a perfect barrier to
its settlement. Where was the timber to come from for fuel and
fencing purposes, and what protection could be had from the cold
blasts of winter ? The fuel and fencing question was effectually
solved by the introduction of the railroad, and, from experience,
it was found that one could live about as comfortable upon the
open prairie as in the timber. It was not until about the year
1856 that much progress was made in settling upon the prairie;
previous to this the settlers all hugged the timber joining the
township on the southwest. When John Logan settled upon sec-
tion 16, in 1857, his friends thought he was crazy in going so far
from the timber, and predicted he would never be troubled with
neighbors the nearest one then being about three miles away.
Now there is not a quarter section in the whole township where
there is not a dwelling house, arid there are many very fine farms
which are well cultivated by their happy owners.

The first marriage was that of Mr. V. M. Hardin and Miss-
Nancy Purdy. They were united by Rev. Jesse Chapman, a
Baptist preacher then living in Macomb, on the sixteenth day of

135

April, 1810, and on the twentieth of June, 1841, was born to them
Mary E., the first child born in the township.

The first school house was built in 1846, and Louis Goddard
taught the first school. There are now eight in the township,
each enjoying a reasonable degree of prosperity.

Rev. Cyrus Haines preached the first sermon at the house of
John Haiuline, in the summer of 1839. Mr. Haines was of the
Cumberland Presbyterian denomination.

There are two villages in the township Good Hope and Sciota,
the latter more generally known as Clarkesville a name given it
in honor of William B. Clarke, who established the point. For
description oi these villages the reader is referred to another
chapter.

The township is mainly well watered, the Walnut Grove branch
of Crooked creek and its tributaries passing through some ten
or twelve sections, while the head waters of Spring creek is
formed on section 29, and passes out on section 31.

The principal products are corn, wheat and oats. In corn the
township outranks any other in the county, in 1875 having 13,712
acres. If we give 50 bushels as an average, it would be 685,600
as the yield.

Politically, Sciota has always been Democratic. The following
are the names of those serving the township as members of the
Board of Supervisors : William Heath, James M. Wallen, G. F.
Green, J. W. Brewster, Benjamin Robinson, J. T. Painter, Eph-
raim Dice, John W. Tipton and Evan Rodgers.

Lamoine. Lamoine lies in township 4 north, range 4 west and
is principally timber land. Its first settlement was in 1830, and
the first house built on section 12, by David Fees. In the south-
western part a settlement was founded, we believe, in the following
year, on what is known as Round Prairie, near the Hancock and
Schuyler county line. In this part of the township are some fine
farms, the land being of a good quality. The Twidwells, Whit-
tingtons, and Myers, were the first to settle 011 Round Prairie,
while Thomas and Benjamin Powers and David Fees settled on
the eastern part, joining Bethel.

The first birth was Sarah, daughter of David Fees, in the year
1830.

136 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

It was several years after the settlement of the township, before
death entered, Isaac Smith dying on Bound Prairie in the year
1840, being the first one.

In the year 1832, at the house of Elijah Poole, the first gospel
sermon was preached, by Old Father Bradley and Thomas Owens.

There is one village in the township Colmar, on the C. B.
Q. E. R.

William S. Hendricks, a well known former citizen of the
county, taught the first school on section 11, about the year 1839.

Lamoine is Democratic, and has elected to serve them in the
County Board of Supervisors the following named gentlemen:
John S. Holliday. John Twidwell, L. G. Reed, J. W. Hendricks,
and William Robinson.

Mr. Reed has the honor of having served on the Board longer
than any other person, serving fifteen years out of the twenty since
the adoption of the township organization law. He has made an
efficient officer, and served several terms as chairman of the Board.
He was the agent of the county in superintending the work of
building the new court house, and faithfully attended to his duties.
Although a zealous politican, he enjoys the respect and esteem of
both political friends and foes.

Tennessee. This township was settled at an early day, Roswell
Tyrrell building a house in which to live in the year 1830. We
find it principally timber, there being given to the assessor as
wood land in 1876, a total number of 10,293 acres. A good part
of this is counted also as improved, for we find 15,204 acres
marked as such. A good portion is excellent farming land, and
there are a number of good farms.

The whole township is underlaid with stone coal of an excel-
lent quality; some of the best mines in the whole State are here
found.

Crooked creek passes through the township, coming in on sec.
1, and passing out on sec. 18.

The greater part of Colchester lies in this township, and also
the village of Tennessee. This takes from the gross amount of
the value of their land.

Samuel A. Hunt taught the first school in the winter of 1833,
in a log cabin on sec. 3.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 137

The first marriage was Benjamin Welch and Miss Pauline Kirk,
who were united in the year 1834 by Rev. James King, a Meth-
odist preacher.

Rev. Cyrus Haines, a Cumberland Presbyterian preacher, deliv-
ered the first discourse, at the house of Joshua Hunt, sometime
in the year 1834.

Stephen A. White, E. B. Hibbard, William Moore, Reson
Kooton, Ralford McClure, John Myers, Rutherford McClure and
H. L. Rapelje, have served with the Board of Supervisors.

Hire. This township derived its name from George W. Hire,
it first being called Rock Creek. It lies 6 north, 4 west, and was
settled at an early day, a portion of Job's settlement reaching
into it. Xathaniel Herrou was probably the first settler, and
Robert Seybold the next. Mr. Herron came out and built his
cabin in the fall of 1827, when he returned for his family and
moved in the spring of 1828. Like many other portions of this
county, Hire was originally settled by the Kentuckians, with a
very slight mixture from other States. Of those settling here at
an early day, we recall to mind Major Hungate, John Hardesty,
Jacob Clark, John Hunt, Vandever Banks, Evan Martin,
and John Logan. Many of the early settlers attained some prom-
inence in McDonough county affairs. John Hardesty was County
Commissioner for several years ; John Logan was a noted Bap-
tist preacher ; Vandever Banks was somewhat of a politician,
running once for the Legislature, being beaten by throwing out
of one of the poll books on account of some informality.

The Methodists were the first to proclaim the gospel, Rev. s~ehe-
rniah Hurd preaching at the house of Vandever Banks, in the
year 1836.

Captain Charles R. Hume, well and favorably known throughout
the county, taught the first school in 1838, at the present residence
of Isaac Oakman. Previous to this time the citizens of the town-
ship were compelled to send their children to other more for-
tunate settlements to obtain an education.

There is no record of any death previous to the year 1844, when
George W., a son of Yandever and Leonore Banks, died on the
fourth day of March.

Hire is principally prairie, with groves here and there. The
soil is of good quality, and the farms are among the best in the
county. Within the past ten years great improvements have been

138 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

made ; the old log house has given place to the stylish modern
residence ; straw barns to large wooden structures. Everything
betokens change for the better.

This is a gcod stock country, and considerable attention is giv-
en to this branch of industry.

By the assessments, and from personal enquiry, we learn there
are 22,743 acres of improved land in the township, valued at
$580,052. Of wood land there are 803 acres.

Hire has had to represent her in the Board of Supervisors the
following named gentlemen : Ebenezer !N". Hicks, R. Matteson
Foils, Isaac Oakman, Jesse Martin, J. E. K. Carlisle, Samuel Lo-
gan, William D. Welch, and Allen Stookey.

Btandinsmlle. With the exception of Industry this is the old-
est settled township in the county William Job and two of his
brothers-in-law coming here in 1827. A thriving settlement was
soon gathered, and was called, in honor of William Job, " Job's
settlement," and until the past few years it still continued to bear
the name.

John Hardesty, Redmond Grigsby, Harrison Hungate, V. M.
Hardin, Charles G. Hungate, William Hardesty, William D.,
James A., John S. and Thomas Mustain, Silas J. Grigsby and
John Huston were among the first settlers. Many of these are yet
living, and all have descendants here who are prominently identi-
fied with the history of the township and of the county.

James Vance, son of John Yance, was the first child born here.
He was born on section 29, in the year 1830.

Elder John Logan, the old pioneer preacher, who probably
preached as many discourses for as little money as any other man,
and who toiled long for the Master, delivered the first discourse in
1829 or 1830, in the barn of John Hardesty. The first church
was built about the year 1832 as a Union Church, and was occu-
pied by the Baptist and Christian denominations in common.

Blandinsville township is principally prairie, though having in
it considerable timber, given in to the assessors at 5,166 acres. The
land is of good quality, and in it are some of the best farms, the finest
residences, and most substantial outbuildings found in the county.
As a stock producing township it ranks number one. In number
of head of cattle it is next to Macomb, and in quality it is probably
ahead. Here is the home of Rigdon Huston, Esq., one of the

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 139

heaviest stock dealers in the county. His herd of fine cattle has
borne away from the fairs of the State many blue ribbons. John
Huston also devotes a great deal of labor to this branch of indus-
try.

Among the many excellent farmers and business men of the
township who have spent time and money in building up its in-
dustries are Rigdon, Thomas B., Preston and John Huston, Hon.
Humphrey Horrabin, William Blackhurst, O. M. Lisk, George G.
Blandin, William H. Grigsby and Thomas M. Gilfrey.

The village of Blandinsville is in this township, and much of its
history is identified with it. A sketch of the place is found else-
where.

This is one of the strong Democratic townships. It has had to
represent her in the Board of Supervisors William W. Moss, Hiram
Williams, Victor M. Hardin, James A. Munstain, Rigdon Huston,
W. W. Gillihan and Silas J. Grigsby.

140 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XIV.

GEOLOGICAL.

We make no apology for copying bodily from the report of
Hon. A. H. Worthen, State Geologist, his remarks wi-th reference
to the geology of this county. To scholars this chapter will be
especially valuable.

The geological formations appearing at the surface in this
county comprise the Quaternary, including the loess and drift ;
the lower portions of the coal measure, including the three lowest
seams of coal ; and the St. Louis and Keokuk divisions of the
Lower Carboniferous limestones.

The entire area ot this county, except the valleys of the
streams, is covered with beds of Quaternary age, ranging from
thirty to a hundred feet or more in thickness, and presenting the
same general features that have been given as characteristics of
this formation in the reports on the adjoining counties. Good
natural exposures of these are but rarely found here, and the ob-
server is compelled to rely mainly on such information as can be ob-
tained from the well diggers, or others engaged in surface excava-
tions, as to their thickness and general character. In the railroad
cut on the north bank of Crooked creek, just below Colmar, the
following section of Quaternary beds was seen :

Soil 1 to 2 feet.

Ash colored marley clay (loess) 8 to 10 "

Eeddish-brown clay 5 "

Sand and gravel, partially stratified 15 to 20 "

This exposure is considerably below the general level of the
prairie, and the beds seem to have been subjected to some shifting
process since its original deposition, giving to it the general char-
acteristics of "modified drift." In the shafts of Colchester the
drift clays generally range from thirty-five to forty feet in thick-

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 141

ness, and consists of buff or brown clays, with gravel and bould-
ers, passing downward at some points into blue clays, or "hard
pan.*' Boulders of metamorphic rocks, of various kinds, and of
all sizes up to a diameter of two or three feet, are scattered in
considerable numbers in all the gulches and streams that cut
through the drift beds, and are most abundant in the lower part
of the drift deposits. 2s"o indication of the presence ot an ancient
soil underneath either the loess or drift was seen at any of the
points visited in this county ; nor did we learn that it had been
observed by any one else. The wells are seldom sunk to the bot-
tom of the drift, and hence afford no indications of what may un-
derlie the boulder clays. At Bushnell a boring for coal passed
through 112 feet of these Quaternary deposits before reaching the
bed rocks, in the following order :

No. 1 soil 2 feet

No. 2 yellow clay 12

No. 3 'sand. . . . ." 2

No. 4 blue boulder clay 61 "

No. 5 blue and yellow sand 35 "

112

This is probably twice as much as the average thickness of the
deposits in this county the drill having evidently penetrated an
old valley, where from sixty to seventy feet of Coal Measure strata
had been removed by erosion; and the valley thus formed
subsequently filled with the transported material. The average
thickness of the drift deposits probably does not exceed fifty feet.

Coal Measures. All the uplands in the county are underlaid by
the Coal Measures except a limited area on Crooked creek, in the
southwestern corner of the county, embracing nearly the whole of
township 4 north, range 4 west, (Lamoine) and the south-western
portion of township 5 north, range 4 west, (Tennessee). The beds
composing the lower portions of the Coal Measures, as they are
developed in this county, give the following sections :

No. 1. Sandstone and sandy shales, partly ferruginous 20 to 30 fee t

No. 2. Band of calcareous shale, with lenticular masses of dark blue

limestone, containing C ardiomo-rpha Missouriensis 2 to 3 "

No. 3. Coal No. 3 2 to 3 "

No. 4. Sandy shale and soft sandstone 35 to 40 "

No. 5. Bluish clay shale, filled with fossil ferns % to 2 "

No. 6. Coal No. 2 2 to 2% "

No. 7. Bituminous fire clay 2 "

No. 8. Gray clay shale 6 "

No. 9. Septaria limestone 3 "

No. 10. Variegated shales, purple, yellow and blue 18 to 20 "

No. 11. Sandstone passing locally into shale 10 to 15 "

No. 12. Coal No. 1, sometimes replaced with slate or blue shale 1 to 3 "

No. 13. Fire clay, sometimes replaced by sandy shale 2 to 3 "

No. 14. Quartzose sandstone, conglomerate 5 to 20 "

142 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

These beds have a maximum thickness of about 150 feet, and
consequently a boring anywhere in the county, carried down to a
depth of two hundred feet from the surface, would pass entirely
through the coal measures, and determine the amount of coal
that could be found at that point. No coal seam is worked at the
present time, except No. 2, or the Colchester coal; and it seemed
to us quite probable that neither 1 nor 3 is developed in the
county so as to be of any value to the industrial interests of its
people. In the vicinity of Colchester the limestone and calcare-
ous shale usually found above coal No. 3 out-crops in the brakes
of the ravines west of the town, but no indications of the presence
of coal was seen. The concretionary or lenticular masses of dark
blue limestone were found quite abundant here, and they afforded
Cardiomorpha, Missourieusis in great numbers, associated with
Discina nitida, Productus muricatus, P. Pratteniauus, Pleuroto-
maria sphaerulata, Aviculopecten rectalaterarea, two or three spe-
cies of small Goniatites, fossil wood, and the spine of a fish Listra-
canchus h} r strix. We also obtained from one of these limestone
concretions, associated with the fossil wood above mentioned, a
fossil fruit, shaped somewhat like an elongated pecan nut, the re-
lations of which have not yet been determined. These limestone
concretions have been found in Fulton and Schuyler counties
overlaying coal No. 3, and affording most of the species of fossil
shells obtained from it here ; so that there seems scarcely a doubt
but that it here represents the horizon of that coal. It is quite
probable that in the eastern, and especially in the southeastern
portion of the county, coal No. 3 may be found sufficiently devel-
oped to be worked to advantage. The shale and sandstone above
this coal, No. 1 of the foregoing section, we only saw in the vicin-
ity of Colchester, where about ten feet in thickness of sandy,
ferruginous shales overlay the limestone concretion above men-
tioned. No. 4 of the foregoing section is well exposed on the
ravines leading into the east fork of Crooked Creek, west of Col-
chester, but it is everywhere a sandy shale, with some thin lay-
ers of sandstone, but affords no material of any economical value.
The calcareous shale associated with the limestone in No. 2 of
the above section is, at some points near Colchester, quite full of
small fossil shells, among which the Spirifer plano-convexus was
the most abundant, associated with S. lineatus, Chonetes meso-
loba, Productus muricatus, Pleurotomaria, Grayvilleusis, a small
Macrocheilus, and fragments of a Nautilus.

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 143

Xo. 5 of the above section torms the roof of the Colchester coal,
and is a true clay shale at the bottom, and locally quite bitumin-
ous, becoming sandy higher up, and gradually passes into the
vsaudy shales of Xo. 4. It contains ironstone concretions similar
to those at Mazon creek and Murphysboro, though usually not so
perfectly formed, and they contain fossil ferns of the same species
found at those localities. The shales also are filled with beautiful
ferns, in a remarkably fine state of preservation; and this locality
may be reckoned as one among the best in the State for collecting
these beautiful relics of an ancient vegetable world. Two speci-
mens of fossil insects and two or three species of shells have been
found associated with the fossil ferns at this locality. The follow-
ing list comprises all the species of fossil plants that have been
identified at Colchester to the present time : Xeuropteris hirsuta,
X. tenuifolia, X. rarinervis, Alethopteris aquilina, Callipteris Sul-
livantii, Pecopteris squamosa, P. villosa, P. unita, P. plumosa, P.
chserophylloides, Sphenopteris irregularis, S. trifoliata, Hymeno-
phyllites alatus, II. Spinosus, H. splendens, H. Gutbierianus, H.
thallyformis, Cordaites borassifolia, C. angustifolia, Spenophyllum
Schlotheimii, S. emarginatum, S. cornutum, Annularia longifolia,
A. sphenophylloides, Asterophyllites equisetiformus, Calamites
ramosus, C. approximates, C. undulatus, Selaginites uncinnatus,
S. carifolius, Lepidodendron diplotegioides, L. simplex, L. obova-
tum, L. gracile, Ulodendron majus, U. ellipticum, Lepidophloios
obcordatum, Lepidostrobus princeps, Lepidophyllum auriculatum,
Sigillaria monostigma, Stigmaria ficoides, S. umbonata, Pinnularia
capillacea, Caulopteris obtecta, C acantophora, Carpolithes multi-
striatus. Owing to the thinness of the coal, the roof shales are
removed in driving the entries to the mines, thus affording a fine
opportunity for collecting the many beautiful fossil plants that
they contain. The thickness of the coal at this locality varies
from twenty-four to thirty inches, and at the level of the prairie
it lies from seventy-five to ninety feet below the surface. On all
the branches west of Colchester the coal out-crops, and is worked
by tunneling into the hillsides. The city of Quincy, as well as
most of the small towns along the Chicago, Burlington and
Quincy railroad south of Bus tm ell, have for many years derived
their supplies of coal mainly from the Colchester mines.

In the vicinity of Macomb the Colchester coal seam has not yet
been found of sufficient thickness to be worked. About a mile
and a half southwest of the town a thin coal out-crops above the

144 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

sandstone quarries of Mr. Stewart, which I am inclined to regard
as the Colchester seam, though it is here only about one foot in
thickness. This may, however, be an out-crop of the lower seam
number one, but from the appearance of the sandstone I believe
it to be number two, thinned out here to about one-half its usual
thickness.

In the vicinity of Colchester a very good sandstone is found
below the coal, and from ten to fifteen feet in thickness. It is
number eleven of the foregoing section. This I believe to be the
equivalent of the sandstone at Stewart's, and the old McLean
quarries near Macomb. A section of the beds exposed in the
vicinity of these quarries show the following succession of strata :

Thin coal 1 foot.

Shaly clay 2 feet.

Thin-bedded sandstone 1 to 6 "

Massive sandstone 10 to 12 "

Bituminous shale (coal No. 1) 4 "

Carbonate of iron % "

Fire clay % "

Bituminous slate or shale % "

Shale 5

The horizon of coal No. 1 is here occupied by Bituminous shales
and a six inch band of carbonate of iron. In the vicinity of Col-
chester, at most of the out-crops we examined, the same horizon
was represented by dark blue shades (No. 12 of the section previ-
ously given) containing nodules of iron ore inclosing crystals of
zinc blende. On the southwest quarter of section 24, town 5
north, rangs 4 west, (Tennessee) the following beds were found
exposed in connection with coal Ko. 1 :

Shaly sandstone * 4 feet.

Coal No. 1... 2

Fire clay not exposed.

Shaly sandstone 16 "

St. Louis limestone 6 "

Although we did not find this lower coal developed at any of the
exposures examined in the vicinity of Colchester, yet it was found by
Mr. Horrocks at his tile and fire-brick kiln, not more than a mile
from the town, and was struck in one of the pits sunk for fire-
clay. It was found to be about a foot in thickness only, and was
associated with an excellent fire-clay, and was here about forty-
five feet below coal No. 2. Below Horrock's brick and tile kilns
on the same stream a band of terruginous sandstone, or rather a
sandy iron ore, was found, about six inches in thickness, filled

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 149

with fossil shells, among which a large Discina was the most
abundant, associated with Hemipronites erenistria, Athyris sub-
tilita, Spirifer opimus, S. Kentuckensis, and some other undeter-
mined species. This was no doubt a local deposit, and probably
represents the band of iron ore occurring in Schuyler and Fulton
counties, associated with coal Xo. 1. This band of iron ore oc-
curs just at the junction of beds numbered 13 and 14 of the gen-
eral section of the coal-bearing strata, on a preceding page.

On section 24, town 5 north, range 4 west [Tennessee], south-
west quarter of the section, a coal seam was opened as early as
1853, when we first visited this county, on land then owned by
Mr. Lowry. The coal was from eighteen inches to two feet in
thickness, overlaid by a few feet of shaly sandstone. Below the bed
of coal there was about sixteen feet of sandstone exposed, and a
short distance up the creek the concretionary limestone is exposed,
underlying the sandstone. This I have no doubt is the lower coal
(Xo. l),and itwill.no doubt be found at many points in the county
ranging from one to three feet in thickness.

At this time coal was also dug on Mr. Thompson's place, on the
northeast quarter of section 16, town 4 north, range 3 west
[Bethel]. The seam at this point was thirty inches thick, but was
only exposed in the bed of the creek, with no out-crop of the as-
sociated beds. This is also, without doubt, the lower seam, as the
concretionary member of the St. Louis limestone was found out-
cropping on the creek a short distance below where the coal was
found. On the northwest quarter of section 33, town 4 north,
range 3 west [Bethel], a coal seam was opened and worked in
1858 on land then owned by Mr. J. Stoneking. The coal was
worked by " stripping 7 ' in the bed of a small creek, and the coal
ranged from eighteen to twenty inches in thickness, and was over-
aid by about two feet of gray shale.

These two lower seams also out-crop on Job's creek, near
Blandinsville, and have been worked from the first settlement ot
the county. They out-crop also on nearly all the tributaries on
the east iork of Crooked creek, and probably underlie at least
seven-eighths of the entire area of the county. They seldom at-
tain a thickness of three feet, however, in this portion of the State,
but they are nowhere more than one hundred to one hundred and
seventy-five feet below the surface of the general level of the
prairie. Xo. 3, if developed anywhere in the county, will prob-
H 10

150

ably be found in the eastern range of townships, and would be the

first seam reached in sinking a shaft or boring from the prairie level.

At Bushnell, a boring for coal at the steam mill passed through

the following beds, as represented by those in charge of the work :

1. Soil 2 feet.

2. Yellow clay 12

3. Sand 2

4. Blue clay with boulders 61 "

5. Blue and yellow sand . . 35

6. Sandstone 5 "

7. Clay shale 1% "

8. Black shale % "

9. Gray shale 34 <>

10. Limestone 9 "

11. Shale 1 "

163

The beds numbered 1 to 5 inclusive belong to the drift, and
show an aggregate thickness of one hundred and twelve feet, in-
dicating the existence of an old valley here, in which the Coal
Measures have been cut away down to a point below the horizon
of the Colchester coal, and which was subsequently filled with
drift deposits, and consequently that coal which should have been
found at a depth of fifty to seventy feet below the surface at this
point, was not met with at all. The limestone To. 10 of the
above sections is probably the bed overlaying the Seaville coal.
The extent arid direction of this old valley we have no data for
determining at the present time, but it is probably a lateral arm
of the Spoon river valley, and most probably trends southeast-
ward ly into the valley of that stream. At Prairie City a boring
was carried down to the depth of 222 feet, passing through the
following beds, as reported by Mr. T. L. Magee :

1. Soil and drift clays 36 feet.

2. Clay shale or " soapstone " 16 "

3. Black shale ^

4. Coal No. 2 \%

5. Fire clay 4

6. Shale and sandstone 12 "

7. Clay shale 38 "

8. Hard rock (limestone) 11

9. Shale '. 4

10. White flint , 1 <

11. Shale 10

11. Coal No. 1 3 <

13. Fireclay 6% "

14. Hard rock 5

15. Clay shale 8 < ;

16. Sandstone 4

17. Dark gray shale 8 "

18. Clay shale (light colored) . 14

19. Limestone (St. Louis bed)

222

151

In the foregoing sections the beds numbered from 2 to 18
inclusive belong to the Coal Measures, and include the two lower
coals. Xo. 19 is undoubtedly the St. Louis limestone which out-
crops on Spoon river just below Seaville, about eight miles east of
Prairie City. At Lawrence's mound, at an elevation considerably
above the surface where the above boring was made, a coal seam
three feet in thickness was found in digging a well, which was
probably Xo. 3, occurring here as an outlier left by the denuding
forces which swept it away from the surrounding region. It lay
immediately below the drift, with no roof but gravel, and covered
but a limited area of ground.

At Macomb, a boring, carried to the depth of about 160 feet,
iailed to find any coal of sufficient thickness to be of any econo-
mical value. From these experiments, it would seem that the
lower coals in this county are not very uniform in their develop-
ment, and probably neither Xo. 1 nor Xo. 3 will be found over
any considerable area thick enough to be worked to advantage,
while Xo. 2 is also too thin to be worked at some points,
though it may be considered the most persistent and reliable seam
to be found in this county.

St. Louis Limestone. This division of the Lower Carboniferous
series is probably nowhere in this county more than fifty feet in
thickness, and consists, first, of a bed of light-gray concretionary
or brecciated limestone, laying immediately below the lower
sandstone of the Coal Measures ; and secondly, of a magnesian
limestone and some blue shales or calcareous sandstones, con-
stituting what is sometimes called the " Warsaw limestone. "
On the east fork of Crooked creek, a little north of west from
Colchester, the following sections of these limestones may be seen :

!No. 1 Brecciated light-grey limestone 5 to 20 feet.

^so. 2 Calcareous sandstone, in regular beds 12

No. 3 Bluish shale 3 4i

The magnesian bed, which usually forms the base of this group,
is below the surface here and generally ranges from eight to ten
feet in thickness. The brecciated limestone is very unevenly
developed, and often varies in thickness in a short distance from
five to twenty feet or more. It rarely affords any fossils ex-
cept the common corals Lithostrotion, canadense and L. pro-
liferum, silicious specimens of which are often found weathered
out along the creeks where this limestone out-crops. Xo fossils
were seen in the calcareous sandstone, but the magnesian lime-

152 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

stone that out-crops lower down on the creek, and underlies the
blue shale in the above section, usually contains a variety of Bry-
ozoans, among which are the Archimides Wortheni, Polypora
Varsoeiense, Semicoscinium, Keyserlingi, etc.

Keokuk Limestone This is the lowest rock exposed in the county,
and is only found along the bluffs of Crooked creek, in townships-
4 and 5 range 4 west (Lamoin and Tennessee). The upper part
of this formation is usually a bluish calcareo argillaceous shale,,
containing silicious geodes either filled with a mass of crystaline
quartz, or hollow and lined within quartz crystals, mammillary
chalcedony, calcite and dolomite. Below this geode bed there is-
usually from thirty to forty feet 6f cherty gray limestone, the
layers varying in thickness from a few inches to two feet or more r
and separated by partings of shale. The limestone beds consist
mainly of the remains of organic beings, the corals, the crinoids r
arid niollusca that swarmed in countless numbers in the primeval
ocean; and the old quarries of limestone afford a rich field for the
student wbo desires to become fully acquainted with the varied
and peculiar organic forms of this period. South of Colmar the
grade of the C., B. & Q. railroad cuts into the upper part f
this limestone to the depth of several feet, and from the material
thrown out from this cut we obtained many specimens of the
characteristic fossils of this limestone in an excellent state of pres-
ervation. The upper layers of the limestone had been freely ex-
posed to the erosive action of the water during the drift period,,
and many of the silicious fossils were found completely weathered
out from the shaly limestones, and in a most perfect state of pres-
ervation. Among the fossils found at this locality were many
specimens of Laphrentis dalii, Spirifer Keokuk, S. lineatus, S.
sub-orbicularis, Agaricocrinus, Americanus, Actinocrinus bi-tur-
binatus, Cyathocrinus stellatus, Archimides, Owenana, Hemipro-
nites crenistria, Phillipsia, Portlockii, several species of fish teeth,,
etc. The lower portion of this limestone is usually below the
level of the creek bottoms, but the upper portion is well exposed
on the main creek in township 4 north, range 4 west (Lamoine), and
on the east fork in township 5 north, range 4 west (Tennessee).
In the region south of Colmar the geodiferous shales and the St.
Louis limestone have all been removed by denudation before the
depost of the drift, and the boulder clays now rest directly upon
the upper part of the Keokuk limestone. A complete section of

153

all the limestones below the coal measures in this county would
show the following order of succession and thickness :

Light gray brecciated limestone 5 to 20 feet.

Calcareous sandstone 12 "

Magnesian limestone and shale 10 to 12 "

Geodiferous shales of the Keokuk bed 20 to 30 "

Light gray cherty limestone 30 to 40

ECONOMICAL GEOLOGY.

Coal. As may be seen from a perusal of the foregoing pages,
a large portion of this county is underlaid with coal, and although
the seams that are found here are much thinner than some of those
that outcrop in Schuyler and Fulton counties, yet they have not
only furnished an abundant supply of coal for home consumption,
but for many years have furnished many thousands of tons annu-
ally for shipment south and west to the adjoining counties. The
shipment from Colchester alone for the years 1866 and '67 was
about 500,000 tons per annum, and the product of the mines have
been constantly on the increase. The coal obtained here is of an
excellent qu-ality, if taken out at some distance from the outcrop,
where it has not been exposed to atmospheric influences. The
coal is tolerably hard, bright, and comparatively free from pyrite,
and breaks freely into cubic blocks when mined.

An analysis of this coal by Mr. Henry Pratten, as reported in
Dr. Norwood's " Analysis of Illinois Coals," gave the following
results :

Specific gravity 1.290

Loss in coking 41.2

Total weight of coke 58.8

100.0

ANALYSIS.

Moisture 5.4

Volatile matters 35.8

arbon in coke 56.8

Ashes (light gray) 2.0

100.0
Carbon in coal 60.10

This analysis shows this to be one of the best coals in the State,
and its freedom from pyrite has always made it a favorite coal
with blacksmiths of this and the adjoining counties. The coal
from the lower seam is usually harder than that from the Col-
chester seam, and less uniform in quality. Its thickness is also
more variable and frequently the coal is wanting altogether, and

154 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

its place occupied by bituminous shales. Nevertheless, it some-
times attains a thickness of three feet, as at Seaville, in Fulton
county, and the coal obtained there is of a fair quality. It is
quite probable that this seam may be found in some of the eastern
townships in this county as thick as it is at Seaville, and if so, it
might be worked to advantage, as its depth below the surface
would probably nowhere exceed two hundred feet.

No. 3, if found at all in this county, would be met with in the
uppermost layers of the bed rock, and immediately underneath
the boulder clays, except at a few points, where it might be over-
laid by a few feet of sandstone or sandy shale. It is less persist-
ent in its development, however, than either of those below it,
but its proper horizon may be readily recognized by the dark blue
limestone and bituminous shales that are nearly always present,,
even when there is no development of the coal itself.

A boring carried down to the depth of two hundred feet would
probably pass entirely through the Coal Measures in any portion
of the county, and in the western part the subordinate lime-
stone would be reached at a depth of one hundred and fifty
feet or less, when the light gray brecciated limestone of the St.
Louis group is reached, it is useless to bore further in search of
coal, and this limestone is so decidedly different in its appearance
from any of the limestones in the lower part of the Coal Meas-
ures, that an expert would find no difficulty in identifying it, even
by the smallest fragments taken up by the sand pump. Hence it
forms a reliable guide, both where it out-crops and where it may
be reached by the drill, and determines the point below which na
coal can be found.

fire- Clay. The fire-clay under the Colchester coal has been
used by Mr. Horrocks, at his kiln west of the town, for the man-
ufacture of drain tile, fire-brick, etc., but recently he has obtained
a better quality of fire-clay by sinking a shallow shaft down to
the lower or No. 1 coal, which, at his kiln, is about forty-five feet
below the Colchester seam. The horizon of this lower coal fur-
nishes an excellent article of fire and potter's clay in various por-
tions of the State, and it may, no doubt, be found at many points
in this county, besides the one where it is at present worked.

Iron Ore. There is a band of iron ore, very generally devel-
oped in connection with coal No. 1, and indications of its presence
were observed at several points in this county, though not in suf-

loo

ficient quantity to justify an attempt to work it at the present
time. On the creek below Horrock's brick kiln it is about
six inches thick, but too sandy to be of much value, even if the
quantity was greater. On the creek west of Macomb, a band of
very pure iron ore occurs, about six inches thick, and it is quite
probable it may be found somewhere in the county of sufficient
thickness to be of some economical importance. In Schuyler
county, there are two or three bands of ore associated with the
same coal, attaining there an aggregate thickness of about two
feet, and yielding on analysis about 52 per cent, of protoxide of
iron. The ore is an argillaceous carbonate of iron, and compares
favorably in quality with the best Pennsylvania ores.

On Mr. D. C. Flint's place in Mound township, a deposit of
bog iron ore of good quality is found, whicb is reported to be sev-
eral feet in thickness, but the area covered by it has not been as-
certained. Should it prove sufficiently extensive and pure as the
sample sent to my office, it is a valuable deposit.

Building Stone. The central and the western portions of the
county have an abundant supply of free stone from the sandstone
bed intervening between coals Xo. 1 and 2. This is usually from
ten to twelve feet in thickness, the upper part thin-bedded and
quarrying out in thin, even slabs, suitable for flags, while the
lower part is quite massive, and splits evenly. At Stewart's quar-
ries, two miles west of Macomb, there is about twelve feet in
thickne&s exposed in the face of the quarry. The rock is a rath-
er coarse grained sandstone, nearly white in color, and furnishes
a very durable material for foundation walls, and is also easily cut
and may be advantageously used for all ordinary architectural
purposes.

At these quarries the rock is very massive, but at the old Mc-
Lean quarries, about a half a mile to the westward of Stewart's,
the sandstone is more regularly bedded," the layers varying from
four to twelve inches or more in thickness. This sandstone is
equivalent of that on the T., P. and W. Railroad west of Seaville,
in Fulton county, and is very simihir in quality. Some of the
beds seem to be sufficiently even-textured for grindstones. The
magnesian and arenaceous beds of the St. Louis group will afford
the best material for culverts and bridge abutments that can be
found in the State, as they are scarcely at all affected by the action
of frost and moisture. The gray limestones ot the Keokuk series

156 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

make a durable building stone if protected from water, but split
to fragments on exposure to ordinary atmospheric agencies. The
brecciated limestone will make an excellent macadamizing mate-
rial for the construction of turnpike roads, or for ballasting our
railroads.

Limestone for Lime. Good limestone for burning into quick-
lime may be obtained from the lower division of the Keokuk,
and from the brecciated bed of the St. Louis group. Where the
former is used, it should be selected with some care, as a portion
of the beds contain too large a per cent, of argillaceous or silicious
matter to slack readily when burned, and would yield only an
inferior quality of lime. The light gray semi-crystalline layers
are the best for this purpose, and will make a quicklime of good
quality. The brecciated limestone is, however, in many respects
the best rock in the county for this purpose, as it is usually a
nearly pure carbonate of lime in its composition and can be
burned at less expense, and makes a quicklime of superior quality.
This limestone may be found on most of the tributaries of Crooked
creek, and on the east fork as far north as the vicinity of
Colchester.

Sand and Clay for Brick. The sub-soil, where it is predicated
upon the marly beds of the loess, supplies these materials in
nearly the right proportion for the brick yard ; and when defi-
cient in sand, this may be easily supplied either from the creek
bottoms or sandy beds interstratitied with the drift clays. These
materials are so universally distributed that there is scarcely a
neighborhood in the county where they may not be readily found
at hand.

Soil and Agriculture. There is not much variety in the general
character of the soils in this county, and there is no considerable
portion of its surface that will not bring good crops of the various
cereals usually cultivated in this latitude, without other stimulants
than those contained in the soil itself. The prairie soil is a dark,
chocolate-colored loam, appearing nearly black when wet, and
produces excellent crops of corn, wheat, oats, barley and grass,
and where a proper rotation of crops has been the rule, no per-
ceptible decrease in the annual product has been observed, even
on lands that have been under constant cultivation for the last
twenty-five or thirty years. The timbered lands are generally
confined to the creek valleys, and broken ridges adjacent thereto.

157

The soil on these timbered ridges is usually thin, but they are
excellent fruit lands, and will produce fair crops of wheat, oats
and clsver, but they require manuring if subjected to long con-
tinued cultivation. These thin soils are predicated upon the boul-
der clays, and the timber growth is mainly black and white oak
and hickory ; and their uneven surface does not retain the vege-
table and animal matters that are annually deposited upon them,
but on the contrary, these are swept away by the annual rains
into the adjacent valleys, while on the level prairies they are re-
tained, and add from year to year their fertilizing properties to
the soil. The bottomlands on Crooked creek are very limited in
extent, and are mostly subject to overflow. They afford some
fine timber, the varieties of which have been enumerated on a pre-
ceding page.

158 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XV.

TEMPERANCE.

McDonough county, like every other organized territory, has
had its " temperance revivals," its seasons of drunkenness and
seasons of sobriety. As stated in the first part of this work, one
of the first acts of our Board of County Commissioners was the
licensing of taverns, places where intoxicating liquors might be
sold. Then, everybody drank ; not to do so, was to set yourself
above your neighbor and become his judge, a state of things
which was not to be encouraged. When the first barrel of whisky
was brought to Macomb there were but two ministers of the gos-
pel residing in the place, and both got " gloriously drunk" when
it was tapped. The first license was granted to a preacher,
and for years this class took their toddy along with other folks.
Notwithstanding we are told now that whisky in those days was
very pure, it made a surprising number of drunkards, and when
the Washingtonian movement swept over the country it is not to
be wondered at that this county was struck by a huge wave and
driven along with the tide.

In the winter of 1841-42, two gentlemen from Quincy, Illinois,
came to the county seat, proclaiming themselves missionaries of
this movement, secured the Methodist Episcopal church for lec-
turing purposes. On the first evening of meeting a large concourse
of people assembled to hear what they had to say, as they seemed
to be setters-forth of a new doctrine, strange to their ears. A
chairman was desired for the occasion, and with great difficulty
one was obtained, and he only on the promise made him by the
speakers that they would not urge him personally to sign the
pledge. The speakers held forth to a wondering audience, keep-
ing them alternately laughing and crying, as the ludicrous or
sorrowful side of the drunkard's life was portrayed. At the con-

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 159

elusion of the addresses, those who desired to do so were invited
to sign the pledge. The chairman of the meeting was the first to
affix his name to the document, followed by many others, some of
whom, we know, have been consistent temperance men ever since.

Open temperance organizations were wholly adopted for carry-
ing on the temperance work until the year 1848, when a charter
was obtained for a Division of the Sons of Temperance, at Ma-
comb, an organization which at that time was being extensively
introduced all over the country. This was a secret organization,
composed of males eighteen years old and upwards. In a short
time this organization had its Divisions all over the county, two
very strong ones existing in Macomb at the same time. In the
latter place, in conjunction with two other parties, these Divis-
ions erected what at that time was regarded as a very fine build-
ing, on the south side of the square, the lower part to be used as
store rooms, and the upper part as a hall for the meetings of the
Divisions. From some cause the Divisions weakened and soon sus-
pended, their hall was sold, and in a few short years that which
was erected for the purpose of advancing the interests of temper-
ance and morality was converted into a den for making drunkards.

When the Sons of Temperance began to wane, the Good Tem-
plars sprang into existence, and, in this county at one time, we
believe, there were eighteen or twenty lodges, with a membership
of nearly two thousand. This order differed from the Sons of
Temperance in that it admitted both men and women, receiving
as members all above the age of fifteen years. A good work was
accomplished by them, the effects ot which will last throughout
eternity.

Other organizations have existed at times, both open and secret,
each working with some effect in its peculiar field of labor. Con-
nected with the Sons of Temperance was the Daughters of Tem-
perance, designed for the wives and daughters of the Sons ; also
the Cadets of Temperance, for youths. The Temple of Honor
also flourished for awhile. This was an organization combining
the benevolent features of the Odd Fellows and Masons, with
temperance as a cardinal virtue. The Good Templars for awhile
had under their control a very effective juvenile organization,
called the Cold Water Templars, which instilled temperance prin-
ciples in the minds of many children, which, it is hoped, will be as
lasting as eternity. Various other temperance organizations have

160 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

existed at different times and in different places, each endeavoring
to accomplish a special work.

In 1854 the temperance men ran a candidate for member of
the Legislature, Hon. L. H. Waters, who was elected by a small
majority. This, we believe, is the only instance where a candi-
date was ever put forward by temperance men for a general office.
For a number of years past, in our cities and towns, the temper-
ance men have either put forward recognized temperance men fov
the local offices, and voted for them as such, or have been content
to vote direct upon the question of license or no license, allowing
the political parties of the day to nominate such men as they
chose, while pledging them to carry out the will of the people as
expressed at the ballot box.

Although intemperance exists among us to an ordinary extent,
in common with the rest of the country, we know it has greatly
decreased within the last thirty years. We do not believe that,
according to population, there are one-fourth as many drunkards
in our midst as there were at an early day. This leads us further
to declare we do not believe the efforts put forth by temperance
people have been a failure in times past. That organizations have
lived and flourished for awhile and then gone down, prove no-
thing. All these organizations are but human instrumentalities,
and are brought forth by the necessities of the hour. Their de-
sign is to accomplish a certain purpose apparent at the time. It
is not to be expected that they will be as enduring as the hills, or
like the church, so strong that "the gates of hell shall not prevail
against them." If they shall accomplish a good work for the
time being, well and good. If it is found there is a radical defect
in their organizations necessitating change, let it be made, and let
let us not imagine, because they are defective and have not accom-
plished all the good their most sanguine supporters anticipated,
that nothing has been done. All over the country can be found
sober, honest, and good men, who, but for the efforts put forth by
the members of some temperance organization that has ceased to
exist, would now fill a drunkard's grave. Then, we would bid
God-speed to every effort of temperance men and women, know-
ing that as temperance increases our country will become more
and more prosperous.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 161

CHAPTER XVI.
1857-1860.

A called meeting of the Board of Supervisors was held May 11,
1857, and continued in session three days. This was the first meeting
ever held by the Board. John Price, of Eldorado, was elected
Chairman pro fern., after which Jonathan H. Baker was elected
permanent Chairman. Rules were adopted for the government of
the Board, and business at once proceeded with. The following
named persons responded to their names : John Price, Eldorado ;
James H, Epperson, Xew Salem ; Samuel H. McCandless, Mound;
Alonzo L. Kimher, Prairie City ; Joel Pennington, Industry ;
Isaac P. Monfort, Scotland ; Jonathan H. Baker, Spring Creek ;
D. I. Dungan, Walnut Grove ; James H. Dunsworth, Eagle Town ;
Isaac McCowan, Erin Town ; William Heath, Sciota ; James Ma-
guire, Macomb ; John S. Holliday, Lamoine ; Stephen A. White,
Tennessee ; Ebenezer N. Hicks, Rock Creek ; William W. Moss,
Blandinsville. George A. Taylor, Sheriff, and Isaac Grantham,
Clerk, were also present.

For several years previous to this time our county had enjoyed a
season of unexampled prosperity. Emigration had poured in, and
in less than five years we had more than doubled our population.
The speculative fever raged high, and real estate advanced in a
marvelous degree.

Land which, before the railroad was projected, would not bring
the government price, 1.25 per acre, now ranged from 10 to 30,
and that, too, without improvements of any kind. Town lots
which before went begging at from 25 to 50, readily sold. at
from 200 to 500. Laborers were in great demand, buildings
were erected by the hundred, and all seemed on the high road to
wealth. In the year 1856 William H. Randolph & Co. opened a

162 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

banking and exchange office in Macomb, and in an evil hour took
stock to the amount of $20,000 in what afterwards proved to be a
wild cat bank of the worst species. The county was flooded with
the issues of this bank, though not all being of the series assumed
by Messrs. Randolph & Co. The name of this institution was
the Nemaha Valley Bank, having a large number of stockholders
throughout the county. Its plan of doing business was substan-
tially as follows : Its stock was divided into a certain number of
shares and sold to parties desiring them, the purchaser being en-
titled to a certain amount of the bills of the bank in proportion
to the number of shares held. The bills held by each contribu-
ting purchaser constituted a series for which he was only to be
held responsible, each redeeming the series assigned to himself.
Arrangements were entered into by the holders of the different
series to redeem the notes of each other when presented for pay-
ment, and sending them in for redemption. This arrangement
served to strengthen the confidence of the people in their sta-
bility.

This county was also flooded with the notes of the Platte Val-
ley Bank, another institution of the same wild cat species. When
the crash in 1858 came the notes of these banks were at once pre-
sented to the different depositories for redemption. Messrs. Ran-
dolph & Co., though having out but $20,000, continued to redeem
until they had paid out over $25,000, and, then becoming satisfied
that they would never be enabled to obtain anything from McCoy,
the owner of the Nemaha Valley Bank, they were forced to sus-
pend. Mr. Randolph's loss, we are reliably informed, was not
less than $100,000 directly, and as much more indirectly, in con-
sequences of the sacrifices he was compelled to make.

The failure of Messrs. Randolph & Co., in connection with the
panic throughout the whole country, operated heavily against the
interests of this county. Nearly all public and private improve-
ments were suspended ; mechanics and laboring men were thrown
out of employment ; real estate depreciated in value, and mortga-
ges given for securing payment on land were foreclosed, and the
sufferings of the people were very general. Notwithstanding all
this, they soon rallied, and an era of prosperity began again.

The Board of Supervisors, at its first session, placed the license
for the sale of intoxicating liquors at $300 per annum. Petition
after petition was sent in during the year, and an effort was

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 163

made by some of the Board to reduce the amount. Like the un-
fortunate woman with the unjust judge, they continued to plead
until the patience of the members gave way and the license was
made S50.

On account of the large amount of repairs necessary to be
made on the poor farm, an order was made at the September term
of the Board to sell it, provided it could be sold for not less than
S30 per acre. Eighty and one-third acres were afterward sold
at this price.

A clause in the charter of the city ot Macomb, relieving it from
taxation for county purposes, has always been a source ef great
trouble to the Board of Supervisors. The following is the pro-
vision of the charter in question :

The county of McDonough shall be exempt from the support of any citizen of said
city who may become a pauper, but the City Council shall provide for the support and
care of all paupers belonging to said city and pass such ordinances and regulations as
they shall deem proper for the purpose thereof. The City Council shall also provide for
the payment of all costs in the Circuit Court of McDonough county for the conviction
of any citizen of said city for any criminal offense, and the prosecuting attorney's fees
and jailor's fees, in case the same cannot be collected from the offenders. Or the City
Council may provide for the payment to the county of McDonough, annually, of suh
sums as will be a fair proportion of the expenses of the county foi the Circuit Court of
said county the amount to be fixed by the City Council and the County Court of said
county, and to be apportioned equitably and justly. In the consideration of the sup-
port of paupers and the payment of the expenses and costs aforesaid, all the real estate
within said city and all the personal property of the inhabitants of said city shall be
exempt from all taxes for county purposes, except for paying the interest and finally the
principal of the bonds of McDonough county, issued or hereafter to be issued as subscrip-
tions for railroad stocks : prodded, that, upon the final payment of any such bonds, the
said city shall be entitled to a pr<> rnta amount of the stock for which they were given
with said county, according to the amount paid therefor by said city.

In one way or another, at nearly every meeting of the Board,
questions would arise with reference to this matter. The Board
finally asked the State Legislature to repeal this clause of the city
charter, which was accordingly done.

By the contract with the Northern Cross rail road, the bonds and
coupons given in aid of the said road, were made payable in Xew
York. At the September term. 1859, of the Board of Supervi-
sqrs, it was ordered that the coupons, due the following January,
should be paid as usual. At the December term this order was
rescinded, in consequence of a decision having been rendered by
the Supreme Court of the State declaring that cities and counties
have no right to make bonds issued in aid of railroads payable in
the city of Xew York, (See 22 111. R., pp. 147), and that counties

164 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

and cities, by such decision, are not legally bound on contracts to
pay moneys anywhere else than at the city or county treasury.
Contracts made to pay such indebtedness elsewhere than at said
treasury are void, as the statutes of the State of Illinois do not
authorize cities and counties to make a contract payable at any
other place than at their treasury. (See 22 111. R.,'pp. 147-156.)

In March, 1860, in the Supreme Court, or the United States
District Court, suit was commenced by Van Hoffman et al. against
the county. At the June term of the Board of Supervisors Hon.
James M. Campbell was authorized to employ counsel, and, in the
name of the county, to defend this suit. Mr. Campbell employed
Messrs. Goudy & Waite, of Chicago, to take charge of the case.
Before a trial was had the Supreme Court of the State, in a trial
between Johnson vs. Stark County, in a great measure overruled
and revised the above decision. On learning this, Messrs. Goudy
& Waite advised Mr. Campbell to pay the judgment which would
be rendered against the county in the case, and it was accordingly
done. We cannot help but disapprove the action of our Board of
Supervisors in this case. We think they did wrong in attempt-
ing to shirk the payment of a just debt in the manner called for in
the contract. It may be offered in extenuation that the directors
of the railroad had defrauded the county out of the stock
taken by it, but this would first have to be proven before it could
be made to appear as a justification.

At the December (1860) meeting of the Board, Mr. Hendricks,
ot Macomb, offered the following resolution, which, on motion,
was adopted :

Resolved, That the Board of Supervisors of the County of McDonough, Illinois,
respectfully recommend to the favorable consideration of the Legislature of this State,
at its next session, the passage of a law for the relief of the tax-payers of the State.
That the Clerk of this Board be directed to forward copies of this resolution to our mem-
bers of the Senate and House of Representatives.

Everything then was at a low price; mechanics and laboring
men were out of employment ; gold and silver was at a premium,
and great difficulty was experienced in. obtaining enough to pay
taxes. In view of this fact, Mr. Hendricks, at the same session,
offered the following resolution :

WHEREAS, Pending the crisis of affairs in this county, the low prices of products of
the farmers, and want of employment for the mechanics and laborers, the citizens and
tax-payers labor under great disadvantage in procuring gold and r silver to pay their
taxes ; therefore,

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 165

. That the County Treasurer. Township Treasurer, and Town Collector be. and
they are hereby, requested to receive in payment of the county revenues, town, school,
and road tax the bankable currency of the banks of this State, which are recognized as
having fully complied with the laws of Illinois, to the satisfaction of the State Auditor :
and that the collectors of towns above alluded to be required to pay over to the county
treasury every week the collections each may have made in currency.

The resolution was not adopted, but in lieu thereof the follow-
ing :

Resolced, That the several Town. Collectors and the County Treasurer be. and they are
hereby, requested to receive from and after January 28, 1861, in pay for county, school and
town taxes, until the fifteenth day of March next, the notes of all solvent banks of the
State of Illinois, the stockholders and officers of which have fully complied with the laws
of this State : and said Town Collectors are hereby requested to pay over weekly to the
County Treasurer all such sums as they may collect as aforesaid.

In 1858 there was a great fall of rain, and the rivers and streams
of the west were higher than ever before known, save in 1844.
Crooked creek swelled to the proportion of a good sized river.
June 3, of this year, William H. Franklin, of Macomb, while re-
turning home from Missouri on horseback, came to this stream
near the Horace Head farm, west of town, and hardly knew
whether to cross or not, but deciding to make the attempt he
urged his horse into the water, hoping to strike on the bridge.
Unfortunately he missed it, and went down into the water. His
horse turned to go back, but the stone abutment at the end of the
bridge rose perpendicular upon either side, making this impossi-
ble. He then resolved to sink his horse and swim for life. After
swimming a short distance he reached some brush to which he
clung for a moment or two, when, observing a huge drift of wood
being swept toward him, he let go and struck out for a tree, the
branches of which he observed above the water. Having on two
coats and a pair of heavy boots he could scarcely swim at all, but
managed to reach the point which he was endeavoring to make.
Climbing the branches of the tree as far as possible, he
still found himself in the water. Thinking he would never be
able to reach the shore, he commenced hallooing as loud
as possible, when his cries attracted the attention of a young son
of Jesse AValker, who came down to the bank and answered his
call. Mr. F. told him to go at once for his father, when he was in-
formed he was in town ; but the boy started for him. Meeting
his father, the boy related the circumstances, when they both re-
turned hurriedly to the stream. Mr. F., seeing the two could do

H 11

166 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

nothing for him, told them to go to town and get six or eight
hundred feet of rope and more help. About ten o'clock at night
a large crowd from Macomb gathered on the bank and endeavored
to cheer the almost drowning man with the assurance that they
would soon rescue him. The current of the stream being so swift
it was found impossible to reach him with the rope, when B. F.
Martin and Orsamus Walker hurried back to town for the purpose
of building a boat, while Andy Lewis, Benjamin Nayloranda man
named Bromfield, went up the stream about three quarters of a
mile, made a raft and floated down. Bromfield fell oft the raft
and was swept down the stream, but was rescued. The effort to
reach the man with the raft proving fruitless, nothing could be
done until the arrival of the boat, which arrived at about three
o'clock the next morning. Having been in the water for some ten
hours, it was with difficulty Mr. F. could get in the boat which
was rowed out to meet him. He has no desire to meet with an-
other like experience. The horse, after making several attempts,
finally reached the shore some distance down the stream.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 167

CHAPTER XVII.

THE WAR AT HOME.

We now come to the year 1861, the first year of the great rebel-
lion, and we note with pride the history of McDonough during the
stirring events of the succeeding four years. True there are some
things we wish might be forever blotted from the book of remem-
brance, but such cannot be the case, and it becomes our duty, as
a faithful historian, to record the facts as they occurred, trusting
the time is past when bitter feelings will be engendered by recall-
ing the scenes of those "days that tried men's souls."

Politically, McDonough county has ever been close, neither one
of the great parties, at any time being able, with confidence, to
claim it as its own. Settled, as we have before stated, principally
by emigrants from the Southern States, it could hardly be other-
wise than that the sympathies of many would be with the South,
and that ill-feeling would exist towards the Abolitionists. But
notwithstanding all this, there beat within their breast a patriotism
that made them forget mere party feelings and sectional lines in
their greater love for the Union. Every star and every stripe
in the old flag they loved with a devotion which afterwards ex-
hibited itself on many a battle field.

Many of our best and most patriotic citizens endeavored, by all
the means within their power, to prevent the election of Abraham
Lincoln to the Presidential chair, believing it would endanger the
Union. Others, equally true, worked hard for his election, be-
lieving it impossible that it should afford any pretext for the se-
cession of the Southern States. When the dark war clouds began
to spread over our country, each and every one hoped, even
against hope, that they would soon pass away, and that peace and
prosperity would continue to reign. But such was not to be the
case. On the twelfth day of April, 1861, the rebels, who for weeks

168 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

had been erecting their batteries upon the shore, after demanding
of Major Anderson a surrender, opened fire upon Fort Sumpter.
For hours an incessant cannonading was continued; the fort was
being injured severely ; provisions were almost gone, and Major
jLnderson was compelled to haul down the old flag that flag
which had seldom been lowered to a foreign foe, by rebel hands
it was now trailed in the dust ! 0, how the blood of patriotic men
in the North boiled when they learned of the outrage ! And no-
where was greater indignation manifested than in McDonough
county. Partisan feeling that had heretofore existed was now
swept away, and in the language of the immortal Douglas, but
two parties could exist patriots and traitors.

When the President issued his call for 75,000 men, McDonough
county responded without delay ; and when the call, but a few
days afterward, was made for 300,000 more, others were ready to
go forth in defense of their country. Meetings were held in vari-
ous parts of the county, participated in by Democrats and Repub-
licans, now only to be known as patriots, and resolutions were
adopted setting forth in the strongest terms undying devotion to
the Union. As showing the feeling existing at the time, we give
the following: At Macomb, April 17, 1861, a large and enthusi-
astic meeting was held, and a committee, consisting of Nelson
Abbott, Charles Chandler, A. K. Lowry, W. E. Withrow, John
Knappenberger and Carter Van Vleck, was appointed to prepare
resolutions expressing the sense of the meeting. This committee
consisted of three Democrats and three Republicans. They re-
ported as follows :

WHEBEAS, War against the government of the United States has been commenced by
the authorities of the so-called Confederate States, by assailing and reducing Fort Sump-
ter, a fortress garrisoned and defended by United States soldiers, and under the sacred
protection of the national flag ; and,

WHEBEAS, The president of the United States has issued his proclamation reciting
that "the laws of the United States have been and are opposed in several states by
combinations too powerful to be suppressed in the ordinary way," and calling for volun-
teers to suppress said combination and execute the laws ; be it

Resolvedly the citizens of McDonough county, without distinction of party, in mass
meeting assembled, That it is the duty of all loyal and patriotic citizens, at whatever cost
of blood and treasure, to sustain and support the constituted authorities of the United
States in their lawful efforts to preserve the Union, maintain the integrity of the consti-
tution and the supremacy of all the laws, and protect the federal capital and sustain the
honor of our national flag.

Resolved, That, while we would be glad to see such legislation adopted by the federal
and state governments as would, if possible, bring about an honorable reconciliation
between the citizens of the several states, yet we deem it the duty of our Legislature about

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 169

to assemble to pass such laws as will render the general government speedy and efficient
aid in all its lawful endeavors to carry out the objects indicated in the foregoing reso-
lution.

Resolved, That the stars and stripes are the emblems of our country's liberties and
honors, and wheresoever floating it is the duty of every American citizen to yield to that
flag unconditional allegiance and undying devotion.

At Colchester, April 19th, at a public meeting, they reported as
follows :

Resolved, That we, the citizens of Colchester and vicinity, have no ill-feeling toward
any political party, and say, with the immortal Clay, that we know no North no South
no East no West ; we know only the welfare of our country.

Resolved, That, in view of our present crisis, we pledge our support to the administra-
tion for the purpose of sustaining the government, the constitution, and the Union. In
doing so we show them we are not degenerated sons of '76.

At Foster's Point, on the evening 1 of the twenty-seventh of
April, the citizens assembled and adopted the following :

WHEBEAS, The government of these United States has been assailed the flag of our
country fired upon and dishonored our country is severely threatened with destruction ;
therefore,

Resolved, That we. without respect to party, declare our undying devotion to the
Union, the constitution, and the enforcement of the laws.

Resole ed, That we know no government but our government, no country but our coun-
try, and no flag but the stars and stripes of our honored sires.

Other meetings were held in various parts of the county, and
equally strong resolutions were passed. The people were thor-
oughly aroused. Ahout the twentieth of April a company num-
bering one hundred and eight was formed at Macomb, and the
following officers elected: V. Y. Ralston, Captain; B. F. Pinck-
ley, First Lieutenant; H. M. Bartholomew, Second Lieutenant.
As the names of the company are given elsewhere, it is not neces-
sary that we should repeat. D. P. Wells had another company
ready, when the two together left Macomb for Springfield, the
place of rendezvous. They were escorted to the depot by about
one thousand persons, and many were the tears shed and the
hearty "God bless you !" given over the departure of loved ones.
But there was not one of all that number who would have had
any one of the departing boys turn back. Samuel Wilson, of
Middletown, with another company, joined the two from Macomb
at Colchester, and, together, the three proceeded to Springfield,
from which place they were forwarded to Quincy, where the work
of organizing the regiment was completed,

For four long years, the organization of new companies and en-
listment of men for old companies whose ranks had been deci-
mated by disease and rebel bullets, was carried on. Gray -headed

170

men, who had almost reached three-score years and ten, and boys
not yet out of their teens, went to the camp, and through the most
urgent solicitation, were accepted and sworn into the service.
Neither age nor youth kept them backhand when rejected from
either cause, or from physical inability, would insist on being re-
ceived, believing themselves as capable of doing a soldier's duty
as thousands who had already gone. Three thousand of as
brave men as ever handled a musket or drew a sword, went out
from this county, many, very many, never to return. If you go-
with me to the battle-fields of the South, we shall see how there
fell at Donelson, Shiloh, Mission Ridge, Lookout Mountain, Chat-
tanooga, Chickamauga, Atlanta,Yicksburg, and other places, those
who were the pride of fond fathers, loving mothers, and unselfish r
devoted wives. We shall see them dropping off, one by one, and
often, without coffin or burial shroud, thrown into the cold
ground, there to await the resurrection morn, and the re-union
upon the other side of the River of Death. In many a home
throughout the county we tind the vacant chair, and witness the
mournful look of those ever watching for one that cometh not.
Upon our streets, day by day, we meet those wearing sleeveless
garments, or walking in a way that tells too plainly that the sound
of the footfall is not made by flesh and blood. Inquire the reason,
and we shall probably learn that while charging the enemies lines
at Yicksburg, Shiloh, or elsewhere, a cannon ball deprived them of
a limb. But no word of complaint do we hear ; the only regret
expressed being* that it was not possible to do more for their
country.

While they were away upon the tented field, the patriotic men
and women at home were not idle. Although impossible to get
the county to do anything in an official way for the relief of sol-
diers' families, many, as private citizens, thought it not only a duty
but a blessed privilege to render all the aid in their power. Dur-
ing the entire four years of war, we think but little actual suffer-
ing was experienced by any at home on account of the absence of
their natural protectors, who were serving their country. Fairs
and festivals were held for the purpose of obtaining sanitary sup-
plies for those in the field, and Soldiers' Aid Societies were con-
tinually investigating and relieving the wants of the needy at
home.

Occasionally word would be received of the gallant conduct
upon the battle field of some company from this county, and al-

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 171

though hearts were made sad by the fact that the blood of
many had been shed, yet all rejoiced that none failed to perform
their duty. At the battle of Shiloh the 28th regiment distin-
guished itself greatly, and the ranks of Co. I) were decimated
by the shot and shell of the enemy, but still they faltered not.
At the first meeting of the Board of Supervisors held thereafter,
Hon. James M. Campbell introduced -the following resolution,
which, on motion, was unanimously adopted :

Resolved, That James M. Wallin, Esq., the Chairman of this Board, be requested to
procure and present to Capt. G. L. Farwell, for his company D, 28th regiment, Illinois
Volunteers, a national flag as a token of merit for distinguished patriotism in the battle
of Shiloh, on the sixth and seventh of April last, on behalf of McDonough County, Illi-
nois.

On the twenty-sixth of May, 1863, Hon. B. R. Hampton pre-
sented the following preamble and resolution to the Board, which,
on motion of J. P. Updegraff, was adopted :

WHEREAS. There has been a number of battles recently fought by General Grant's
division of the army, between Jackson and Vicksburg ; and,

WHEBEAS, Many of the citizens of McDonough county are soldiers in that division ;
and,

WHEBEAS, The Sanitary Commission of Chicago have called upon the people of the
State of Illinois for aid for the sick and wounded soldiers at Vicksburg ; therefore,

Resolved, That we make an appropriation of one hundred dollars out of any county
funds not otherwise appropriated, for the benefit of said sick and wounded soldiers, and
the clerk is hereby directed to issue a county order for that amount, and send the money
to the Chicago Sanitary Commission.

During this year our armies met with a number of reverses, and
doubts arose in the minds of many as to the power of the govern-
ment to put down the rebellion. Organizations were formed
throughout the Xorth of men who favored an instant cessation of
hostilities, the withdrawal of our troops from southern soil, and a
compromise with the rebels. The organization was regarded
as treasonable by the administration, and many of the leaders of
the movement were arrested without regular warrant and incarcer-
ated in various prisons, while the writ of habeas corpus was sus-
pended. A great hue and cry was raised because of this fact ; the
government was denounced as tyrannical, and a forcible resistance
was seriously advocated. A large number in McDonough county
joined in the movement with the opposition, and party strife again
ran high. Friends of long standing became enemies, and threats
of personal damage were made upon both sides. Recruiting for
the army was well nigh suspended, and the Union cause seemed

172 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

very dark. 'At this juncture, B. K. Hampton introduced the
following resolution, and asked its adoption by the Board of Su-
pervisors at their session in May, 1863 :

WHEREAS, Our nation is now involved in civil war, brought about by the acts of de-
signing and unscrupulous men who seek to destroy the best government ever instituted
upon the earth by man ; and believing it to be the duty of all public bodies, assembled
for the purpose of transaction of public business, to throw their influence, whether it be
much or little, on the side of the government and for the maintenance of its power and
authority ; therefore,

Resolved, That although some of us may differ with the administration in relation to
some of its war policy, yet we are anxious to see the rebels subdued and forced to sub-
mit to the regularly constituted authorities of the United States ; and further, that we
are opposed to any and all propositions for a compromise, come from what source they
may, short of an unconditional surrender of the rebels to the government.

Resolved, That we utterly condemn all sympathizers with the rebellion, wherever
found, as also that spirit of fault-finding which is so rife among us.

On motion, the subject of the adoption of the resolutions were
laid upon the table, and afterward being taken therefrom, after
slight amendment by Mr. Hampton, and considerable discussion
ensuing, Supervisor Reid offered the following as a substitute for
those of Mr. Hampton :

Resolved, That McDonough county has been, is now, and will forever remain devotedly
attached to the federal government of the United States, under the constitution which
creates that government and defines its powers.

Resolved, That we are in favor of destroying the rebellion, and sanction any legitimate
means for the accomplishment of that purpose, either through an honorable compromise
of difficulties or a convention of all the States for arranging terms of mutual inter-
course, leaving to every State the right to regulate their domestic affairs in their own
way, subject only to the constitution.

Resolved, That we sincerely regret that the President has not moved with the whole
power of the army placed in his hands by a confiding but betrayed people, upon the ene-
my's works, but instead thereof has made war upon unarmed and patriotic citizens of
the North, whose only "crime" has been devotion to the constitution and best interests
of the country.

Resolced, That we view with just alarm the repeated usurpations of power by the
President and his military officers, in the arbitrary arrests and imprisoment of peace-
able citizens ; in their mock trial and imprisonment ; in the attempt to overawe peaceful
meetings of the people called " to petition the government for redress of grievances ; "
in the arbitrary suspension of the habeas corpus; in the substitution of the will or
whim of an irresponsible officer for the written law ; that if these and other kindred
usurpations are not rebuked and counteracted by the friends of law and order, then in-
deed is a military despotism established over us, our constitution destroyed, and a new
government destructive of our liberties inaugurated in the place of the fundamental law
bequeathed to us by our fathers.

Resolved, That we call upon this government to return to true and faithful allegiance
to the Constitution, and to employ the remaining period of their short term of power in
honest endeavors to restore the country to the condition of peace, prosperity and growth
which distinguished our country before the advent of a sectional organization to power.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 173

Resolved, That the profligate squandering of the public money by the officers under
the control of President Lincoln is without a parallel for recklessness and infamy in the
history of any civilized nation ; in the language of John P. Hale, we solemnly * believe
and declare that the liberties of this country are in greater danger tc-day from the
corruption and profligacy practiced in the various departments of this administration
than they are from the open enemy in the field."

Resolved, That we request our Representative in Congress, the Hon. Lewis W. Ross, to
use his best exertions to secure the repeal of the conscription bill, the indemnity bill, and
all other oppressive and partisan enactments of the late Congress ; also, to oppose all
measures looking toward a recognition of the independence of the Southern Confede-
racy.

Rfxlc< <L That in the language of Governor Seymour, ' Having given the administra-
tion a generous support in the war, we pause to see what kind of a government it is for
which we are asked to pour out our blood and our treasures, and demand to know
whether the war is waged to put down rebellion at the South, or destroy free institutions
at the North."

Pending the question of the adoption of the resolutions, Super-
visor Porter offered the following as a substitute therefor, to-wit :

Resolved. That we. as a Board of Supervisors, whatever shades of difference of opinion
there may be among us. we are united in this, a firm and unshaken determination to
stand upon the Federal Constitution standing upon this broad basis, we are opposed to
secession, and to suppress it, we are in favor of the use of the means guaranteed to us by
a wise and benignant government, arms, amnesty, redress of grievances, an honorable
compromise on all subjects of controversy : in short, by the use of all means that become
a wise and Christian nation.
ResoUed. That upon this basis shall we stand till the " trump of peace shall sound."

The resolutions of Mr. Porter were rejected, and those of Mr.
Reid adopted.

As we have before remarked, enlistments for the army were
slow at this time, and in order to encourage volunteers, Hon. B.
R. Hampton, at the December meeting (1863) of the Board of Su-
pervisors, offered the following resolution, which was rejected by
the Board :

Resolved. That in addition to the bounties offered by the government of the United
States for recruits, we offer a county bounty of fifty dollars to each man who is the head
of a family, and twenty-five dollars to each single or unmarried man who shall hereafter
enlist in the military service of the United States.

The call of the government became more urgent, and as the
quota of the county was not full, drafting was resorted to. "We
may here state that had McDonough county received credit for
all who had gone from her midst, no draft would have ever been
ordered here ; but many, in order to receive the large bounty
offered by other counties, went there for the purpose of enlist-
ment. Hon. William II. Randolph, some time previous to this, re-

174 HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY.

ceived the appointment of Deputy U. S. Marshall, and upon him
devolved the enforcement of the laws. It was in this duty that
he met his death.

The United States government was now terribly in earnest
men must be had. A large bounty was offered, but still not
enough to tempt many to leave the comforts of home to endure
the toils and privations of a soldier's life. Those who were for-
merly opposed to the giving of a bounty by the county for vol-
unteers, now became clamorous for it to be done at once. On the
fourteenth day of December, 1864, "W. H. Green, Esq., offered
the following preamble and resolution which was adopted by the
Board of Supervisors :

WHEBEAS, It has become necessary for the government of the United States to draft
men into the service of the United States, for the purpose of suppressing the rebellion
in the Southern States ; and,

WHEBEAS, The government of the United States does not pay a sufficient bounty to
obtain volunteers for said service ; now, therefore,

Resolved, That the Board of Supervisors of the county of McDonough request William
H. Neece, the Representative of this county in the Legislature of this State, to have
such law or laws passed at the next meeting of the Legislature as will empower the
B:>ard of Supervisors of this county to levy a tax sufficient to enable the county to offer
bounties to persons enlisting in the military service of the United States, and to enable
drafted men to procure substitutes when drafted into said service.

This was accordingly done, and Mr. Keece, in due time, intro-
duced a bill before the Legislature in accordance with the provis-
ions of the above request. The bill became a law, receiving the
signature of the Governor. Monday, February 6th, 1865, the
Board of Supervisors were called together to take action on this
law. A dispatch was forwarded to Mr. Neece inquiring into the
provisions of the bill, which answer being satisfactory, Supervi-
or McSperitt offered the following resolutions, and moved their
adoption, viz :

Resolved ly the Board of Supervisors of McDonoityli county, That the sum of three
hundred dollars be, and the same is, hereby appropriated to each and every volunteer
that may have been, or shall be, enlisted in the military service of the United States, to
fill the quota of McDonough county under the proclamation of the President of the
United States, made in December, 1864, for 300,000 men to fill the army : provided, that
this appropriation shall be allowed to no person who shall be credited to any other
county, city or State, and to no person who shall volunteer or present a representative substi-
tute from any township after its quota under the present call shall have been filled. Also,
that the sum of three hundred dollars be, and the same is, hereby appropriated to each
person, a resident of this county, who shall be drafted under the present call, to furnish
a substitute or enter the service himself : provided, further, that where townships or
parts of townships have already furnished volunteers under the present call, by clubs or
townships, and have paid the men so furnished, then such clubs, townships, or parts of

175

townships, shall have the right to their respective shares of this appropriation, instead of
I the men so paid and in the service, to be paid to such person or persons as the club or
township may designate ; to be divided pro -rntfi among all persons contributing to
such club or township fund in proportion to the amount of their contribution : proi'idefl.
also, that no inhabitant of the city of Macomb shall be entitled to any part of this
appropriation unless the tax to pay the same shall have been levied upon the property of
said city, as well as the property of said county.

For the payment of the above appropriations the Clerk of the County Court of Mc-
Donough county is hereby authorized and directed to draw his order on the Treasurer of
this county for the sum of three hundred dollars, payable in one year, and drawing six
per cent, interest from date, in favor of each and every person volunteering, and cred-
ited to the several townships and wards of said county, or their respective orders ; and
also to each and every drafted man (after he shall have been accepted), or his order, so
far as the same may be necessary to fill the quota of said county : provided, that any
order for said sum of three hundred dollars may be made in amounts of fifty dollars, if
required by the person entitled thereto. The certificate of the Provost Marshall of this
district, as to the names of the persons volunteering or 'having been drafted, and as to
the quotas of the different townships or wards of this county, shall be sufficient evidence
to the Clerk to authorize him to act under the present appropriation.

Various substitutes were offered for the foregoing resolutions.
Among others Supervisor Provine offered one embodying the fol-
lowing objections : First, that it would be unequal and unjust for
those that have sons, or that have sent sons under twenty-one
years of age. Second, that it is the duty and the privilege of
every able-bodied man to respond to the call of his country in
defense of his civil and religious liberties. Third, that the mak-
ing of such appropriation would involve the county in such a
debt as would result in bankruptcy and ruin.

Previous to a vote upon the question the privilege was given to
Col. L. II. Waters, Judge J. S. Bailey and James M. Campbell to-
present their views. All the various substitutes were voted down
and the original resolutions of Mr. McSperitt were adopted.
Mr. Hamilton afterwards (at March term, same year) endeavored
to have passed a resolution exempting from taxation under the
levy to raise money for the payment of the bounties certain classes,,
as follows : First, those who have been themselves in the service
during the present war. Second, those who may be widows-
or orphans of soldiers who have served in the present war.
Third, those who have hired substitutes in the present war previ-
ous to the present call. Those from whose families minors have
gone out as soldiers during the present war. The resolution of
Mr. H. was voted down.

By reference to a report made by the County Clerk to the Ad-
jutant General of the State, we learn that t^ere was expended by
the county as bounty money the sum of $131,400. In addition

176 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

to this Mound township expended $5,860 ; Prairie City, $18,049.39;
New Salem, $6,66.50 ; a total for the county of 161,575.85.

On the first day of November, 1864, occurred the most terrible
tragedy recorded in the annals of McDonougli county. In July
of this year the President, of the United States issued his procla-
mation for an additional number of men for the United States
service; and further ordered that if the call was not complied
w r ith by volunteers within fifty days from date of said call,
drafting should be resorted to. Each State in the Union was di-
vided into districts and sub-districts, and to each was assigned
their just quota. A record of all enlistments heretofore made had
been kept and each district properly credited with all volunteers
reporting therefrom. McDonougli county was in the Ninth Dis-
trict, Capt. B. F. Westlake, of Mt. Sterling, Brown county, Pro-
vost Marshal. On the fifteenth day of June, 1863, "William H. Ran-
dolph, of the city of Macomb, received the appointment of Depu-
ty Provost Marshal, and was* re-appointed Sept. 28, 1864, commis-
sion to date from Sept. 15, 1864. About this time notice was
given to the various sub-districts in the county that upon the sixth
day of October, the draft for the townships of Eldorado, Emmet,
Hire, Sciota, Industry, Bethel, Larnoine, Chalmers, Scotland,
Mound, Walnut Grove and New Salem, would take place at Mt.
Sterling, and requested that committees should be appointed from
each township to attend the drawing to see that it was fairly con-
ducted. According to notice, the draft took place and a list of
drafted men immediately forwarded to Captain Randolph. Upon
that list appeared the name of John Bond, of Hire township. Mr.
Bond was duly notified, and failing to report according to the
statute made and provided, was considered a deserter, and it be-
came the duty of Captain Randolph to arrest him as such. Ac-
cordingly on the morning of the first day of November, 1864, he
proceeded to Blandinsville for that purpose, arriving there a lit-
tle before daylight. About sunrise, he met Bond in the saloon
of Chris. Sappiugton, and told him he had come for him, and
asked him to go peaceably with him to Mt. Sterling. This Bond
refused to do, stating that he would not go and fight for the niggers,
:and that the quota of his township was full, and it was unnecessary.
Mr. Randolph told him he must go. Bond went out of the sa-
loon, followed by Randolph, going over to the hotel of his broth-
er James. Here they were met by Miles, another brother of
John, who said to him, "Your horse is ready ; it is time to take

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 1,7

a ride/' Mr. R. then placed his hand upon John's shoulder and
told him he was his prisoner. Upon this, Bond drew his pis-
tol, fired at Randolph, and then ran. Mr. R. returned the tire,
and followed him out the door, where they were again met by
Miles, who also fired at him. Randolph then turned, and the
Bond brothers jumped on their horses and fled the country. Ran-
dolph was shot in four places, two mortal wounds being inflicted.
He was taken to the house of a Mr. Hudson, where he died in
about eighteen hours after being shot. Drs. Emery and Durant,
of Blandinsville, and Jordan, of Macomb, were called in, and all
that could be done for his relief was attended to, but all in vain.
Coroner Sullivan held an inquest on the remains on the third inst. ?
the jury returning a verdict that he came to his death at the
hands of John Bond and Miles Bond, aided by James Bond ancf Ty-
ler Ray, and that the act was without sufficient justification. The
next day, the fourth, the remains were brought to Macomb, and
interred in Oakwood cemetery, being followed to the grave by
a large procession of sincerely mourning relatives and friends.

At the death of Mr. Randolph the citizens of the county offered
a reward of $5,205 for the arrest of the four accomplices in the
murder, viz : John Bond, Miles Bond, James Bond, and Atilla
Ray. Of this amount Mrs. Randolph was to give the sum of
$2,000. At the March term (1865) following of the Circuit
Court, the grand jury found a bill of indictment against the four
above-named persons implicated by the coroner's jury. The in-
dictment against Ray, we believe, was afterwards quashed.

As remarked, after having shot Captain Randolph, the Bonds
fled the country, and the attempt made to capture them at the
time was unsuccessful. Nothing reliable as to their whereabouts
was learned by the public for several years. Frank E. Fowler r
of Macomb, now of Galesburg, Illinois, then in the employ of the
government as United States detective, determined, if possible,
to effect their capture. In response to a card, we received the
following account of the capture of Miles Bond, from Mr. Fowler :

" On Saturday, June 13, 1868, I arrested Miles W. Bond, near
the town of Sonora, Hardin county, Kentucky, for the murder of
Deputy Provost Marshal William H. Randolph, on the first day
of November, 1864. I had been on the track of Bond about
three years, but when about ready to capture him i he wasn't
there.'

178 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

" Some three weeks before the arrest I located Bond at the
above mentioned place, and proceeded to arrange for making his
arrest, which had to be done very cautiously, as he had many rel-
atives and friends watching my every movement. So I gave out
in your neighborhood that I was going to Massachusetts to visit
relatives. The next you heard was a telegraphic dispatch from
Louisville, Kentucky, that the arrest had been made.

u On arriving at Louisville, Bond being a desperate man, I
secured the co-operation of an officer, and together we proceeded
to the place of capture. Bond had just left his house and was
crossing the road, at about live o'clock in the morning, when we
came upon, and immediately seized him and clasped the irons
upon him, without giving him any time to make the least resist-
ance. He was immediately hurried off, and arrived in Macomb
Tuesday morning, June 16, 1868, just three years four months and
fourteen days from the day of the murder.

Since the murder, Bond had been wandering all over the coun-
try, his occupation being that of farmer, barber, miller, carpenter,
etc. He took his arrest as coolly as could be expected. At first
he had not much to say, but before arriving at Macomb he became
quite talkative, giving all the information in regard to his life
since he left the county. He had been living under the name of
Samuel S. Walker. Shortly after arresting him I called him by
the name of Miles, his given name, and he remarked to me,
''That is the first time in over three years that anybody has called
me by that name.' Very respectfully,

"FRANK E. FOWLER."

At the October term, 1868, the case of Miles W. Bond was call-
ed, and, on motion of his attorneys, a change of venue was taken
to Schuyler county, and his trial had at the May term of the cir-
cuit court of that county. L. W. James, prosecuting attorney,
assisted by P. G. Tunnicliff, C. F. Wheat, L. H. Waters and J.
C. Bagby, conducted the prosecution, while S. C. Judd, S. P.
Shope, W. H. Neece, Robert Walker and Henry Metz appeared
for the defense. A number of witnesses were examined on both
sides, and the case ably argued by the attorney. The fact of the
killing of Randolph by the Bonds was clearly proven, and not de-
nied by the defense; in fact the defendant himself did not deny
the charge against him, and in the trial of his brothers, John and
James, some two years afterwards at Macomb, swore to the fact.
The attorneys for the defense made the following points : First,

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 179

There is no record of a draft having been made. Second, At the
time of the arrest of John Bond the draft was filled. The object
of the conscript law was to raise soldiers, and consequently the
force and object of the law was attained when the quota was full ;
alter that the Provost Marshal had no right to arrest alternates
who would have been dismissed if they had reported. Third, In
attempting tc arrest John Bond, he transcended his duties, and
Bond was justified in resisting arrest. Fourth, Miles Bond, seeing
the life of his brother in danger, by the law was justified in shoot-
ing his antagonist.

The case was ably managed upon both sides, and, after a patient
hearing, it was submitted to the jury, who brought in a verdict of
"not guilty."

About the beginning of the year 1870 two men came to Ma-
comb, having in charge John and James Bond, claiming to have
captured them in Missouri, and claiming the reward offered for
their apprehension. Doubt was entertained as to their story, it
being generally believed it was a " put up job," the Bonds desiring
to surrender, and had arranged with these men to come and de-
liver them up and divide with them the amount of the reward
offered. It was therefore refused, and they only received about
$50 to pay their expenses.

At the March term, 1871, the case of John and James Bond
was called, but on account of the absence of two important wit-
nesses, the State's Attorney, L. "W. James, obtained a continuance
till the next term. At the special term, held in July following,
the case was again called, but in consequence of the sudden and
violent illness of Capt. B. F. Westlake, a material witness, a con-
tinuance was again granted to the people. At the September term
all were found ready, and on Tuesday, the twenty-sixth day of the
month, the trial began, Judge Sibley, of the Adams District,
presiding. Only two jurors were accepted out of the regular panel.
Xiuety-two others were summoned and examined before the
twelve could be obtained. On the completion of the regular num-
ber, the trial proceeded. For the people appeared L. W. James,
Prosecuting Attorney, assisted by C. F. Wheat and D. G. Tunni-
cliff. The defense was represented by Messrs. Judd & Xeece. The
trial lasted for three days. Twelve witnesses were examined for the
people, and five for the defense. I^pon the points where boh
were examined there was no apparent difference in their testi-

180 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH CQUKTY.

mony. The attorneys for the defense did not deny the fact of
the killing, but based their whole argument upon the question of
the illegality of the action of Mr. Randolph in the attempted ar-
rest. They claimed that no such an officer as Deputy Provost*
Marshal was recognized by the United States Government; that
Mr. Randolph was acting without due authority, consequently he
was a trespasser, and in laying his hand upon John Bond he com-
mitted an assault, and therefore the killing was justifiable in law.
Mr. James, the prosecuting attorney, showed from the evidence
that Randolph was recognized by the government; that he re-
ceived pay in the discharge of his duties ; that Bond thought him
an officer ; that the community all acknowledged his authority ;
and, even if authority was denied, the murder was not justifiable
and could not be. The judge read quite a lengthy charge to the
jury, and they retired about four or five o'clock in the afternoon.
About four o'clock in the morning word was sent to the judge
that a verdict was agreed upon, when he immediately called the
court to order. The prisoners were sent for, and at this unrea-
sonable hour a verdict of " not guilty" was rendered, and John
and James Bond were allowed their liberty.

After the passage of the resolution by the Board of Supervisors
in which they offered a bounty of $300 to enlisted or drafted
men, volunteering rapidly increased, and our quota was soon
filled, the last volunteers leaving the county about February, 1865.
Fortunately no more were required, the rebellion being nearly at
an end.

The news of the fall of Richmond was received with great joy
by every loyal citizen of the county. It was looked upon as a
harbinger of peace. But joy was soon succeeded by sorrow. On
the morning of the fifteenth of April, 1865, news was received of
the assassination of President Lincoln, and grief overspread the
face of every one. Business houses were closed and appropri-
ately draped in mourning. Church bells tolled forth the sad in-
telligence that, by the hands of a cowardly assassin, the great and
noble Abraham Lincoln had been stricken down. In squads of
two or three, people wandered listlessly about, or retired to the
privacy of their own closets, to commune with the Almighty
Father, and pray that no further calamity might befall our coun-
try. On the following Sabbath day every church was draped in
mourning, and services appropriate to the occasion were held.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 181

Time passed, and the rebellion was brought to an end ; and
peace was proclaimed throughout the length and breadth of the
land. All throughout the country the shouts went up from loyal
hearts, and as our " brave boys in blue" returned^ the joy increased.
The war over, the sacrifice made, and the Union saved ! That
McDonough county men nobly did their duty in this great cause,
the records of Donelson, Shiloh, Chickamauga, Chancellorville,
Mission Ridge, and a hundred other battle fields, will duly testify.
But now those that are left are gathered at home, and occasionally
they recount to us the scenes of those terrible times, and our
hearts almost cease to beat as they describe the battles in which
our brothers were engaged, and tell us how, where the strife
raged the fiercest, there fell so many of their brave comrades ; or
how, one by one, in the dreary prison pens of the South, or in the
hospitals, passed away from earth those who but a short time
previous were full of health and hope. But how sad our hearts
are made to see in so many households the vacant chair and wit-
ness the longing look -of some loved ones there, who seem to
expect that which can never come to pass upon this side of the
Jordan ot death the reunion of those who are gone before with
those that are left. But amid all this, we have a country saved,
and should we not be thankful to the Great Father of All that it
was in our power to make the sacrifice by which all this was
accomplished ?

H 12

182 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XVIII.

THE WAR IN THE FIELD.

If time and space allowed, gladly would we follow our brave
soldier boys to the tented field and recount the individual acts of
bravery of one and all; but this we cannot do, and can only
speak in general terms, giving a short description of such regi-
ments as were composed in good part of men from this county.
Our soldiers, we find, are as modest as brave, and not disposed to
volunteer information for publication, so that for what we do
give we have had to depend principally upon our public records.
Beginning in order of enlistment, we come to the

SIXTEENTH INFANTRY.

The Sixteenth Infantry, Illinois Volunteers, was organized and
mustered into the United States service at Quincy, Illinois, under
the " Ten Regiment Act," on the twenty-fourth day of May, 1861.
It was mustered in by Capt. T. G. Pitcher, U. S. A., June 12th,
1861 ; moved to Grand river, Mo., as railroad guard, after which
the regiment was scattered along the line ot the H. & St. Jo. road
as guard. July 10, Col. Smith's force, though attacked at Monroe
Station by sixteen hundred mounted rebels, held its position until
the arrival of reinforcements, when the enemy fled. On the six-
teenth, lost two men killed and two wounded at Caldwell Station.
August 20, regiment moved under Gen. Hurlbut to Kirksville
in pursuit of Gen. Green, arriving at Honey ville Sept. 1. Sept.
10, ordered to St. Joseph, Mo. On the fourteenth, together with
the Third Iowa Infantry, had a skirmish at Platte City; seven-
teenth, returned to St. Joseph. Jan. 27, ordered to Bird's Point,
Mo. March 3, ordered to New Madrid, where they were attached
to the army of Mississippi, Second Brigade, Col. James D. Mor-
gan, First Division, Brigadier General E. A. Paine.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY 183

On the evening of the twelfth of March the Tenth and Six-
teenth Illinois Volunteers were thrown forward and erected a line
of earthworks, mounting four heavy guns, within a half mile of
the enemy's works.

March 13, the battle of Xew Madrid was fought, the Sixteenth
supporting the siege guns.

April 7, were landed on the opposite side of the Mississippi with
the Tenth Illinois, and followed tne retreating enemy to Tipton-
ville, Tenn., where they captured 5,000 prisoners, a large amount
of artillery, small guns and ammunition.

April 9, returned to Xew Madrid ; 13th, embarked for Osceola,
Ark.; 17th, embarked for Hamburg, Tenn., where they arrived on
the 22d ; participated in the siege of Corinth ; after the evacua-
tion pursued the retreating enemy to Booneville. June 12, re-
turned and camped at Big Springs. July 20, moved to Tuscurn-
bia ; 29th, crossed the Tennessee at Florence.

September 15, arrived at Nashville after a seventeen-day s'
march, with continual guerrilla fighting. Loss, one killed and five
wounded.

Garrisoned Edgefield, guarding railroad bridge, November 5 ;
garrison was attacked by rebel General Morgan, who was re-
pulsed, leaving many dead upon the field. Loss, one killed and
live wounded, including Captain Rowe ; was in the Atlanta cam-
paign ; mustered out July 8, 1865, at Louisville, Ky.; arrived at
Camp Butler July 10,1865, for final payment and discharge.

There were two hundred and twenty-eight in the regiment
from this county, divided into six companies, and during the war
the casualties were five killed, twelve wounded, and fifteen died.

Xoth withstanding the life of a soldier on active duty is one of
toil and danger, still a little time is found for amusements, and
some good anecdotes are related by the boys. While this regi-
ment was stationed at Memphis, a couple of Irishmen found time
to pay court to a pretty Irish maiden residing there. Jealousy
existed in the hearts of both, and each did his level best to win
the good graces of the fair one, while at the same time he would
utterly demolish his rival. One evening both happened to call
upon the loved one at the same time, and fell to demeaning each
other in her presence. Becoming tired of this they began
bragging of their ancestors. One said his father was a very
wealthy man in the old country and a lineal descendant of a

184 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

noble lord. The other responded, " I can't say my father is very
wealthy and a descendant of a lord, but I can say he came to this
country when a poor boy and became a great builder and archi-
tect, planning some of the finest buildings and works of art in
this country ; in fact, he was the principal architect of the Natural
Bridge in Virginia ! " " Take the girl," said the other, " I have
nothing more to say."

In the regiment was a German going by the name of Solomon, an
easy-going, good-natured soul. One day he came into camp from
a foraging expedition, and related an adventure of his, as follows:
" As I vas coming along te road, somepody he behint me hol-
lered out, ' Get out of te road.' I taught it was some tarn cavalry
man, and I paid no 'teution to him. Butty soon he hollers out
again, 'Get out of te road you tarn sou of a pitch.' I tought ten
it vas Eomepody vot knowd me, ven he callt me py name, and I
looks around, and dere vas John Bope (Gen. Pope), and I gets out
of te road butty quicks."

While in Missouri, General Pope, for some cause, took a dislike
to this regiment, and charged them with being a set of thieves,
and said they would steal everything they could lay their hands
on. Afterward, at Tiptonville, this regiment, with the 10th Illi-
nois, captured five thousand prisoners without the rebels firing a gun r
which, when General Pope heard of, he enquired of General Payne
how it was done. The question was overheard by a member of
the regiment, who quickly responded, " General, I can tell you
how it was done. The 16th stole all their ammunition and they
couldn't fire."

On a long march the men were apt to break ranks, which being
observed, the order was given to " close up," which order was
carried all along the line. On one occasion a large number of
*' contrabands" were following the regiment when this order was
given. An old colored lady, thinking the order was meant for
her, raised her clothes a little above her ankles, and turning to the
officer near her who gave the command, innocently asked, "Is
that high enough, massa?"

The following letter, which we give precisely as received, with-
out the change of a single word, was received by Captain Rowe
while the regiment was stationed at St. J'oseph. It is needless to
say the Captain, being a " gintleman that he was," made the boys
pay their just debts, and immediately forwarded the " sax dollars "

HISTORY OF M'DONOCGH COUNTY. 185

to the lady. For this kind deed we have no doubt the lady has
always held him in kind remembrance :

THA SIXTY o QUANCY Nov 1, 1861.

CAPTAIN KOWE. Ant yer company after bein ashamed o' yerselves to let a pure widdy
go wid no pay 4 munths when u hev yer one pay long sense ye rite wel no I did yer
washin when yer were in this sitty an ye hev never ben the men to pay an not let the
childers cryin fer bred drab yer eis ma ye never be after bein hungry childers yerselves,
wid a mothers hart in ye at all, now that ye ma niver forget it my name is Catharine
O'Sullivan an did the washin fur companie C whin Captain Cahill wus the after bein the
boss Captain and jeems Barnett was the Clark an he sed he wud se it pade wil ye no
dear Captin Howe tha do sa ye ar after bein dacent gintleman yearself an wuld niver
like ter se yer one childers cri fur bred wunt ye be as a gude man as ye are hilp me get
ihe 6 dolirs that companie C oes me fur washin when I walked a mile an a half to git it
an fatch it home twice almost every weak when tha wur at Kemp wut Michael Reedy
noes I did the wurk so dus michael lynch no it, I an wil tel ye the same if yer onor wil
but ask him an he wus married when he was at Quancy an a dacent man he seamed But
Jim Barnet tuk the names fur me an he can tel best that tha oe me sax dolirs fur wash-
in an will testify on the cross if he stil in companie c yet an wil tel the trooth about it.

Catherine O'Sullivan To Captin Bowe Michael lynch or Beedy or Jeems Barnet who
all no the Captin noe that companie c oes me sax dollars.

Wel ye plase try an get the muny fur the lady as shea is very pure an neads it much
an got me to rite for her sent it to Mr. Newton Fagg for Catherine O'Sulliven sax dolirs.

On the departure of the companies for the 16th regiment the
enlistment of other men did not cease. The war fever was up,
and hundreds were ready to do and die for their country. In July,

1861, L. II. Waters, G. L. Farwell, and W. F, Bayne raised com-
panies and proceeded to Springfield. The companies raised by
Waters and Farwell were consolidated, with Farwell as Captain,
Waters becoming Lieutenant-Colonel of the regiment. J. D.
Walker was also busily engaged in making up a company, which
is next in order.

COMPANY H SECOND CAVALRY.

This company was organized at Macomb, Illinois, by J. D.
Walker, and accepted by the Governor July 24, 1861. The com-
pany went into quarters at Camp Butler, Springfield, August 5,
and was mustered into the United States service August 12, 1861,
remained in the State until November 12, 1861, when they were
ordered to Paducah, Kentucky, where they were partly armed
and equipped. From here they made several important reconnois-
sances into the interior of Kentucky. They were ordered to Colum-
bus, Kentucky, March 11, 1862, being the first Union soldiers to
enter that rebel stronghold; here they remained until March 23,

1862, when they were ordered to Hickman, Kentucky. March 31

186 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

they were part of the force that attacked and captured Union
City, then a rebel camp of instruction. Returned to Hickman
and remained until July 9, 1862, when they were ordered to Union
City, thence to Crocket Station, 'and from there to Trenton, Ten-
nessee, arriving June 18th. Their duty while here was arduous,
having considerable scouting to do, the country being alive with
guerrillas. July 27th they scouted toward Brownsville, and for
seventeen days were continually skirmishing with the guerrillas.
Returned to their camp at Trenton, and was ordered to Jackson,.
Tennessee, August 25, and the 29th to Bolivar, Tennessee, where
they arrived on the 30th, and were immediately ordered into ac-
tion, in which the noblest officer of the regiment, Lieutenant-
Colonel Hogg, was killed. The casualties of the regiment were
heavy, but in Company H were light. While in camp at Bolivar
they scouted in Haywood county, destroying Captain Haywood's
guerrilla band by capturing his camp, equipage, and forty men.
The regiment was ordered to Lagrange, Tenn., November 5, 1862 y
from which they made several reconnoissances, one in the direction
of Larmar, where they brought on an engagement with the reb-
els, driving them away and taking possession of the field with
eighty prisoners, Company H meeting with slight losses. On the
twenty-eighth of November they took the advance of the army,
moving through Holly Springs to Abbeyville, returned te Holly
Springs Dec. 2, and went into camp. The rebel General Van
Dorn made a raid upon Holly Springs Dec. 20, 1862. After two-
hours hard fighting the rebels, with overwhelming numbers,
drove this regiment from their place, it losing one hundred and
sixty killed, wounded and missing. Jan. 1, 1863, ordered to
Memphis, where they had an opportunity to recuperate some.
On the twenty-second of February, moved to Young's Point, ar-
riving the twenty-third, and March 14 ordered to Milliken's
Bend, where they remained until the movement on Yicksburg
commenced, this regiment taking the advance. March 31, moved
on Richmond, La., where they engaged the rebels across the
bayou, which, after one hour's fighting, they captured. Left
Richmond April 5, moving down Round Away Bayou, skirmish-
ing with rebel Colonel Hanson's command. April 14, camped
at Smith's plantation ; moved from here, crossing Yidel and Mill
bayous in flatboats, and encamped at St. Joseph, La., the twenty-
eighth. Crossed the Mississippi at Bruinsburg, May 1, and ar-
rived at Big Sandy the fifth. The duties of this regiment were

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 187

heavy, having to picket the front of Osterhaus, and Hovey's Divi-
sions, and watching the flanks at the battle of Champion Hills.
May 16, 1863, they arrived at Big Black river, and the next day
made the first reconnoissance in the rear of Yicksburg. They
were engaged in scouting in the Yazoo Valley until June 9, 1863,
when they were ordered to Big Black Bridge, on the Yicksburg
and Jackson road, remaining until July 5, when they advanced
on Jackson. They skirmished heavily with the rebels four days,
and arrived at Jackson on the ninth, and on the sixteenth were
ordered to scout to Brookhaven, seventy-five miles below Jackson.
Returned July 20, and were ordered to Yicksburg, where they ar-
rived July 28, 1863. August 5 were ordered down the Mississippi
river to Natchez, remaining until the fifteenth, when they were
ordered to Carrollton, La., and Sept. 5 to Morganza, La., w^here
they skirmished with the rebels fifteen days, and on the twenty-
ninth the rebels brought on a general engagement, compelling
them to retreat. Oct. 9, 1863, they reported t<* General Lee at
Xew Orleans, and on the fifteenth left for Braehear City, arriving
on the seventeenth, and at Franklin the eighteenth, New Ibera
the nineteenth, at Yermilionrille Oct. 20, 1863. On the twenty-
first they advanced on the Bayou Teche road, and brought on an
engagement with the enemy, meeting slight losses. Nov. 1, re-
turned to Yermilionville, and on the eleventh engaged the rebels
at Carrion Crow Bayou Crossing, one killed and three wounded.
Jan. 5, 1364, ordered to New Orleans to recuperate, they arriving
the fifteenth. The company was mustered out Nov. 22, 1865.
There were in this company, from McDonough county, ninety-
one men, tour of whom were killed, four died, and four wounded.

TWENTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY.

The 28th Infantry, Illinois Yolunteers, was organized at Camp
Butler, Illinois, in August, 1861, by Lieutenant-Colonel Louis H.
Waters and Major Charles J. Sellon.

August 28, ordered to Thebes, Illinois ; September 9, to Bird's
Point, Missouri ; October 2, to Fort Holt, Kentucky, and remained
until January 31, 1862, in Colonel John Cook's brigade. In the
meantime engaged in several marches south and east from the
fort.

January 31, moved to Paducah, Kentucky, and were assigned
to Colonel M. Smith's brigade, Brigadier-General Lew Wallace's
division; February 5, moved up Tennessee river; on the sixth

188 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

took part in the capture of Forts Henry aiid Herman ; February
13, a detachment of forty-eight men and twelve officers, under
Colonel Johnson, met the enemy (five hundred strong), at Little
Bethel Church, five miles from Fort Henry, and immediately
attacked and routed them.

March 6, having been assigned to General Hurlbut's (fourth)
division, moved to Pittsburg Landing, arriving the seventeenth.

Early on the morning of the sixth of April the regiment was
called into line and marched half a mile to the front, where it
met the enemy driving General Prentiss. It was assigned to a
position on the left of the line, in the Peach Orchard. The
enemy immediately attacked it, but were repulsed ; and it held
its position from 8 o'clock A. M. until 3 P. M., only then retiring
under orders from Brigadier-General S. A. Hurlbut, commanding
the Old Fighting Fourth Division. On the morning of the sev-
enth it held a position on the right of the line, and was hotly
engaged until the battle closed and the victory won. During
those two long, trying, bloody days the regiment behaved nobly,
and was never broken or driven back by the enemy, though often
most heavily pressed. The regiment here sustained a loss of two
hundred and thirty-nine killed and wounded.

It was engaged in the siege of Corinth during the month of
May, 1862.

Marched to Memphis, via Grand Junction, Lagrange, Holly
Springs, Moscow, Lafayette, Colliersville and Germantown,
reaching Memphis July 21, 1864. Marched September 6, reaching
Bolivar the fourteenth; marched October 4th to Big Muddy river ;
October 5, engaged in the battle of Metamora, on Hatchie river,
losing ninety-seven killed, wounded and missing. Returned to
Bolivar October 7, and left for Lagrange November 3. Marched
from Lagrange, November 29, to Holly Springs ; thence to Lump-
kin's Mill, Waterford, Abbeville and Oxford to Tocona creek;
December 21, to Tocona station; thence to Tallahatchie river,
Waterford, Lumpkin's Mills, and December 30 was assigned to
duty of guarding the railroad from Holly Springs to Waterford,
Mississippi.

January 8, 1863, marched via Holly Springs to Moscow and
Lafayette ; returned and camped at Colliersville, where it was
assigned to guard railroad. Regiment at this time being in the
Third Brigade, Fourth Division, Sixteenth Army Corps, was en-
gaged in the siege of Yicksburg, from June 11 to July 4, 1863.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 189

On the 12th of July, 1863, near Jackson, Miss., the 28th, 41st
and 53d Illinois, and 3d Iowa Infantry, not exceeding eight hun-
dred men, were ordered to charge across an open level corn field,
some six hundred yards, and carry a strong line of the enemy's
works, mounting twelve guns and manned by at least two thou-
sand men. The brigade swept gallantly forward under a destruc-
tive fire of grape, canister and minie bullets. The enemy ap-
pearing upon both flanks as it reached the ditch, it was compelled
to fall back, with a loss of more than half of the rank and file killed
or u'oanded. The eight companies of this regiment in line, num-
bering one hundred and twenty-eight men, lost seventy-three
killed and wounded, and sixteen taken prisoners.

September 1, 1863, the 28th formed part of an expedition from
Natchez to Harrisonburg, compelling the enemy to evacuate Fort
Beauregard. The regiment remained at Natchez doing provost
guard duty in the city.

The regiment re-enlisted as veterans, and on July 4, 1864, was
mustered for three years' veteran service, and May 18, proceeded
to Illinois for veteran furlough. May 29, every man who had
been furloughed reported at Camp Butler, 111., and the regiment
moved for Natchez.

October 10, the regiment was consolidated into four companies,
and on the 12th embarked for Morganzia, La. November 3, em-
barked for mouth of White river; arrived the 7th; left the 20th;
arrived at Memphis the 22d. Here the regiment received two
hundred recruits, which were organized into two companies ; was
assigned to the 1st Brigade District of West Tennessee Major
General C. C. Washburne, commanding ; December 21, formed
part of an expedition to Moscow ; arrived the 23d, and returned
to Memphis the 31st.

On January 3, 1865, embarked for Knerville, La., arriving the
6th, and on the 12th, embarked for Mobile Point, La., and en-
countering a heavy gale on the voyage were compelled to throw
overboard 130 mules and horses to save the vessel ; arrived back
at the mouth of the Mississippi, Feb. 14, and proceeded to New
Orleans. On the 14, moved to Lake Ponchartrain, on the 17, em-
barked for Ft. Morgan. Mobile Bay, camped at Navy Cove, and
arrived at Fish river March 25, and Spanish Fort the 27th.

In the advance upon Spanish Fort the regiment occupied the
extreme right of the division and corps, and held this position dur-

190 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

ing the entire siege of 14 days, losing 14 killed and wounded, in-
cluding two captains.

April 10, marched to Ft. Blackly then returned and on the 12th,
entered the city of Mobile and on the 13th, marched to Whistler
Station and skirmishing with the enemy. May 11, moved within
three miles of Mobile, Ala. June 3, 1835, reviewed by Chief Jus-
tice Chase. July 2, embarked for Brazos Santiago, Texas; ar-
rived July 6; 7th, marched to Clarksville; Aug, 2, marched for
Brownsville, arrived the 3d. The regiment was mustered out
March 15, 1866. Number enlisting at organization 761, recruits
959. Total 1,620, 284 wounded, 241 killed and died. Of the 28th,
89 men were from this county, in two companies, D, and K, of
whom 9 Avere killed, 9 died, and 15 wounded. Their record was a
glorious one. For their bravery in the battle of Shiloh, the
county gave them a handsome flag, which was well deserved.

COMPANY L SEVENTH CAVALRY.

This company was organized in Bushnell by Captain George M.
Scott in Aug., 1861, and mustered into the United States service
Sept. 3, 1861. The regiment remained at Camp Butler until Dec.
1861, when it was moved to Cairo, thence to Bird's Point, Mo. It
remained here until March 5, 1862. Engaged in the capture of
New Madrid and Island No. 10; also in capture of Corinth and
pursuit of the rebels. Guarded the Memphis and Charleston Kail-
road, in Alabama, until Sept. 9, 1862. After this the company
participated in the following engagements: luka, Miss., Sep-
tember, 1862 ; Burnsville, Miss., Sept. 19, 1862; Corinth, Oct. 3
and 4; Hudson Lane, November, 1862; Oxford, Dec. 1, 1862;
Yancona Creek, Dec. 3; "Water Valley, Dec. 4; Coffeeville, Dec.
5 ; Covington, Tenn., March 8, 1863 ; Union Church, Miss., April,
1863 ; Plain Store, La., May 25 ; Clinton, La., July 3 ; Quin's Mills,
Miss., Aug. 1 ; Salem, Miss., Sept. 9 ; Collierville, Tenn., Sept. 11 ;
Byhalia, Miss., Sept. 12; Wyattsford, Miss., Sept. 13; Collierville,
Tenn., Oct. 10,1863; Moscow, Oct. 12, 1863; Espanola, Tenn.,
Dec. 24; Summerville, Tenn., Dec. 26; West Point, Miss., Feb.
20,1864; Okalon, Miss., Feb. 23; Pontiac, Miss., Feb. 24; Gun-
town, Miss., June 10 ; Memphis, Tenn., July 21; Shoal Creek,
Tenn., November; Lawrenceburg, Tenn., Nov. 21 ; Campbellville,
Tenn., Nov. 24; Franklin, Tenn., Nov. 10; Nashville, Dec. 15 and
16; Harpe Creek, Tenn., Dec. 17; Kutherford Creek, Tenn., Dec.
19; Anthony Hill, Tenn., Dec. 25. Besides a number of

HISTORY OF STDONOUGH COUNTY.

191

wearisome marches, the company participated in several import-
lint raids, among which was Grierson's famous raid, made in
April, 1863, from LaGrange, Tenn., to Baton Rouge, La., traveling*
in sixteen days, a distance of eight hundred miles. After which
the company participated in the siege and capture ot Port Hudson,.
La., in June and July of 1863. A portion of the company re-en-
listed as veterans, Feb. 9, 1864, under Captain Daniel Wilt, Lieu-
tenants James Price and Lewis Pickel.

There were one hundred and eighty-five officers and privates
enlisted in this company many being recruits fifty-nine of this
number were from this county. The company, although very ac-
tive all during the war, did not suffer as many did, there being but
five killed : sixteen died. The company was mustered out at
Xashville, Tenn., Xov. 4, 1865.

J. L. Epperson, a member of this regiment, was not addicted to-
the use of profane language, and condemned it in others, but on
one occasion the boys claimed that they had the joke on him.
While in camp at a certain place he went down to a stream to get
a drink of fresh water, and as he raised up from quenching his-
thirst, he was fired upon by a couple of bushwhackers, one of
whom had a shot-gun and the other a musket. Although they
were only about forty steps away, they failed to touch him, when
he quickly drew his revolver, firing three shots at them as they
retreated, and in all earnestness exclaiming : "You playgonit cow-
ards, you 1" His comrades laughed at him for his conduct, telling
him that he had disgraced the noble 7th, in fact, the entire army,,
by his terrible swearing ; that the rebels would think them an
awful wicked Bet of fellows, to hear such oaths coming from a
Union soldier. It is probable he never repeated them.

FIFTY-FIFTH INFANTRY.

The Fifty-fifth Infantry Illinois volunteers was organized at
Camp Douglas, Chicago, Illinois, and mustered in October 31,
1861. Xovember 9, left by rail for Alton, and on the evening of
the 18th left for St. Louis by steamer. Remained at Camp Bentou
until January 12, 1862, when it was ordered to Paducah, Ey.,
where it arrived on the 22d, and March 8th embarked on steamer
for the Tennessee river.

March 15, marched out with the expedition from a point some
fourteen miles above Pittsburg Landing, for the surprise and over-

192 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

throw of Corinth, but high water defeated the movement. It re-
turned to Pittsburg Landing and went into camp east of Shiloh
Church.

The opening of the battle Sunday morning found the regiment
in position with an effective force of eight hundred and seventy-
three men. Colonel Stuart was wounded and nine of the line
officers, three of whom died, one hundred and two enlisted men
were killed and mortally wounded, and one hundred and sixty-
one wounded and taken prisoner. The regiment was with the
army in the advance on Corinth, a.nd at Russell's house, May 17;
lost in skirmish eight men, two killed and six wounded.

Entered Corinth May 30, and from there, with General Sher-
man, westward along the Memphis and Charleston railroad.
Marching to Lagrange, Lafayette, Moscow, to Holly Springs,
Miss.; with Sherman marched into Memphis July 31, and re-
mained in camp until November 25, when, with Sherman's divi-
sion, it marched for the Tallahatchie river. Was marched back
to Memphis to descend the Mississippi river to Vicksburg with
the new troops that arrived at Memphis. Embarked with the ex-
pedition, and six companies were engaged in the battle of Chick-
asaw Bayou, December 29, losing one Captain killed and one en-
listed man killed and seven wounded.

The regiment was present and under tire at the battle of Ar-
kansas Post, January 10 and 11, 1863; from here it moved to
Young's Point, La., where it was initiated into the ditching pro-
cess.

Participated in the siege of Vicksburg, losing in all, from May
16 to July 4, eight killed and thirty-nine wounded. Encamped on
Black river, near Vicksburg, until Sept. 27, when it embarked for
Memphis, and moved out with the army past Corinth to luka.
From luka it was with the reconnoissance to Tuscumbia. Oct.
30, marched from East Point to Chattanooga; arrived Nov. 21, and
during the night of the twenty-third, with the rest of the brigade,
manned a fleet of pontoon boats in North Chickamauga creek,
four miles above Chattanooga, and in the midst of rain and in-
tense darkness, with muffled oars, descended and crossed the
Tennessee river, and captured the enemy's picket line. Nov. 25,
marched with Sherman to the relief of .Knoxville; returned and
camped successively at Bridgeport, Bellefonte, and Larkinsville
during the winter, and at Larkins' Landing during the spring, at

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 195

which place the regiment veteranized, and returned to Illinois on
a furlough of thirty days. June 27, 1864, participated in the
assault upon Kenesaw Mountain, Ga., losing fifteen killed and
thirty-three wounded. On July 22 the regiment was again en-
gaged, with an effective force of two hundred and thirty-nine
men, and came out of the engagement with one hundred and
eighty men.

In the siege of Atlanta the regiment's loss was seven killed and
eighteen wounded. In the battle of Jonesboro, Ga., Aug. 31 r
J1864, lost twenty-three men.

In a short campaign of about two months, the regiment lost
about one-half its number.

Joined in pursuit of Hood through northern Alabama, and re-
turned to Atlanta, when one hundred and sixty-two non-veterans
were discharged. It soon left for Savannah with the 15th Army
Corps.

Near Bentonsville, N. C. lost eight men.

Marched with the army via Richmond to Washington, where it
participated in the grand review, and then moved to Louisville,
where it remained in camp a few weeks, and then by steamer
went to Little Rock, Ark., where, Aug. 14, 1865, it was mustered
out of service, and on the 19th left for Chicago, and arrived on
the 22d, and received final payment and discharge.

During its term of service the regiment marched 3,374 miles.

This county was represented by one hundred and twenty-five
men, in four different companies of the 55th, of whom three were
killed, fourteen died and seventeen wounded.

COMPANY C FIFTY-NINTH INFANTRY.

This was among the first companies organized in McDouough,
and nearly all of its officers and men were residents of the western
part of the county. It was assigned to duty at Cape Girardeau,
Missouri, where it remained until the organization of the 9th
Missouri Infantry Volunteers, at St. Louis, September 18, 1861,
to which Company C was assigned. This regiment was composed
of Illinois companies. February 12, 1862, by order of the War
Department, it was changed to the 59th Illinois Infantry Vol-
unteers. Three days after organization the 9th Missouri was
ordered to Jefferson City, and on the thirtieth moved to Boone-
ville, and was brigaded with the 37th Illinois Infantry, 5th Iowa

104 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Infantry, 1st Kansas Infantry and Davidson's Illinois Battery,
Colonel J. C. Kelton commanding brigade, and Brigadier-General
John Pope commanding division. The campaign of 1861 and th'
early part of 1862 was spent in the fctate of Missouri. On the
20th day of May, 1862, the regiment embarked for Hamburg
Landing, Tennessee. From there moved toward Farmington, on
the twenty-seventh. After the evacuation of Corinth, pursued
the enemy. In June marched into Mississippi, and in August to
Florence, Alabama. Thence to Franklin, Tennessee ; from there
to Murfreesboro, arriving September 1, 1863. September 3, com-
menced the northward march with General BuelPs army, arriving
at Louisville on the twenty-sixth. October 7, met the enemy at
Chaplin Hill, near Perryville. On the eighth heayily engaged,
losing one hundred and thirteen killed and wounded out ot three
hundred and sixty-one men going into action. Pursued the enemy
on the tenth. Arrived in Nashville November 7, and camped at
Edgen'eld, near which they remained during the year.

Dec. 25, skirmished toward Nolensville. On the twenty-sixth
the army of the Cumberland was put in motion for the Stone
River campaign, and the 59th employed as skirmishers, and drove
the enemy nine miles. Took active part in the attack on Nolens-
ville. On the twenty-ninth marched toward Murfreesboro ; here
the enemy were found in force and entrenched. An unsuccessful
attempt was made to drive him from his position, and the regi-
ment lay during the night of the thirtieth within a few hundred
yards of the enemy's works. Early on the morning of the thirty-
first, the enemy turned the right flank of the Twentieth Corps.
The 59th changed front to rear, and supporting the 5th Wisconsin
Battery, for a long time held the enemy in check, and when with-
drawn, brought with it the guns of the battery, from which the
horses had all been killed. It was then put in position on Mur-
freesboro pike, which it held until Jan. 2. The regiment forded
the river, swollen by recent rains, and assisted in driving back the
enemy, and held their position in the extreme front until the
morning of Jan. 4, when it re-crossed Stone river, and the enerr^
evacuated Murfreesboro. June 23, 1863, the Tullahoma campaign
was commenced. August 30, left Stevenson, crossed the Tennes-
see river and ascended the Sand Mountain. Marched to Lookout
Valley. Arrived at Chattanooga Sept. 22. Distance marched
from Stevenson, one hundred and twenty-two miles. Was active

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 195

in the Lookout Mountain campaign. Dec. 1, buried the dead
from the battle field of Chickamauga, of Sept. 19 and 20.

January 12, 1864, the regiment mustered as a veteran organiza-
tion, and arrived at Springfield, 111., on furlough, February 10,
and March 19, was re-organized. Took part in the Atlanta
campaign July 12, the regiment crossed the Chattahoochie, and
presented itself before the fortifications around Atlanta, and from
that time until the 25th of August, it assailed the works of the en-
emy and was under fire day and night. November 1, marched to
Fulaski. On the 29th, the brigade attacked the enemy in the flank,
as it was marching toward Spring Hill. The fight continued all
day, and at night the 59th marched 20 miles, and reached Spring
Hill on the morning of the 30th. Resting but one hour, marched
to Franklin, and during the afternoon the battle of Franklin was
fought. Dec. 1, arrived in Nashville, and on the 15th, the battle
of Nashville commenced. The 59th was in the first line of the
assaulting column and planted the first colors on the captured
works. In the afternoon it assaulted and carried the enemy's
works near Hillsboro pike. Dec. 16, the memorable assault on
Overton's Hills were made; here the regiment lost in killed and
wounded one-third of its number. July 9, arrived at New Or-
leans, marched to San Antonia, Texas, and was stationed at New
Braunfels, Texas, until Dec. 8, 1865, when it was mustered out.
In company C, there were 79 men from this county, 7 of whom
were killed, 7 died and 7 wounded.

SIXTY-FOURTH INFANTRY.

The "First Battalion Yates Sharpshooters"' was organized at
Camp Butler, Illinois, in the month of December, 1861, by Lieu-
tenant-Colonel D. R. AVilliams. It consisted of four companies,
to which were added two others the last of the month. January
10, 1862, the battalion was ordered to Quincy, where it was armed,
after which it was ordered South. Near New Madrid they had
their first engagement with the enemy on the night of March 12.
^Vas engaged at Fort Pillow, Corinth, Kenesaw, Atlanta, and a
great many other battle-fields. No more effective duty was done
by any regiment during the war, it being always in the front.
Their loss, as far as known, in killed and wounded, was two hun-
dred and eighty-nine men; of those dying in service we have not
the number. The regiment was continually on the go, travelling
with Sherman to the sea, thence around through North Carolina,

196 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

and then on to Washington, where they were in the grand review,
May 24, 1865. They were discharged at Chicago, July, 18, 1865.

There were three companies represented from McDonough
county in this regiment A, D and F, and a total ot eighty-five
men.

Many personal incidents could be given of individual bravery
of members of this regiment, but will content ourselves with the
following, as showing the pluck of one of McDonough county's
boys :

John Jacobs, a member of company D, was captured near At-
lanta, and, with other prisoners, was hurried South under a strong
guard, their captors following the-line of railroad. The prisoners
were made to occupy the railroad track as far as possible, while
the guard ranged upon either side.

A short time before the capture the government furnished our
soldier boys with shirts of unbleached cotton, which, in the twi-
light, looked not a great deal unlike the butternut of the rebels.
This fact was quickly discovered by young Jacobs, who deter-
mined, if possible, to take advantage of it.

On either side the guard was a number of rebel soldiers who
had been slightly wounded, and who were being sent to the rear.
As twilight began to settle around them, Jacobs began to limp
slightly and fall slowly behind, and soon was in the very midst of
the guard, who, from his clothing, judged him to be one of their
number going to the rear. Occasionally he would limp directly
in the way of one of them, who, cursing him, would tell him to fall
behind. This was just what he wanted, and what he continued
to do until he was the very last of the party proceeding south-
ward. As soon as he thought his absence would be unnoticed,
he turned and fled in the direction from which he came. JSTot
knowing the direct way back, he was forced to continue along the
line of the railroad. He succeeded in passing the infantry out-
posts without alarming them, but came near being recaptured
when he reached the cavalry pickets. In passing through the
woods the underbrush beneath his feet would break, and notice
was thus given of his presence. Although unseen, the command
rang out to halt, and several shots were fired in his direction, one
ball grazing one of his ears. No further sound being heard, the
pickets thought the noise was made by a hog or other animal
passing through the timber, and made no further efforts to dis-

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 197

cover its source, which was indeed well lor him. They then rode
oft and he proceeded on his way.

When daylight came he dared not proceed further for fear of
capture, but lay down in the tall weeds by the side of the railroad
track, and all day long the rebels marched over the road and on
either side of him, many of them passing so near he could easily
have reached out and grappled with them. This he was many
times tempted to do, that he might wrest from them a gun with
which he might defend himself if necessary, and also to get hold
of their canteens, for he was almost suffocating with thirst. It
was well for him that he restrained himself, for if he had at-
tempted to thus grapple with one he would surely have been dis-
covered, and his recapture made certain.

When night came on he made his way to a house and boldly
asked for something to eat, telling the people he was a confede-
rate spy. The family were very glad to render him such service
as they could, and gave him a supper which he certainly appreci-
ated, not having had anything to eat for about thirty-six hours.
While the meal was preparing, and while eating, he plied the family
with questions as to the location of the Yankee army, the best
road to reach it, etc., obtaining all the information they were able
to give. He then asked for the loan of a mule and a gun, stating
that when near the enemy's lines he would turn the mule loose,
and let him return home at once, and the gun he would return the
first favorable opportunity. Yes, he could have the best mule on
the plantation, and an excellent gun, which he need be in no hurry
to return if they could be of service to the glorious cause. Thank-
ing his kind host for the favors shown, he rode forth toward the
lines of the Union arm}\

After riding all night, he came to a house, and hitching his
mule in the front yard, he went in and asked for breakfast, first
depositing his gun by the door, that he might not unnecessarily
alarm the family, and where he could easily reach it when neces-
sary. To this family he told the same story of being a confede-
rate spy on his way to the enemy's camp, and from the lady of the
house he learned the picket line of the Union army was but a
short distance from her dwelling.

"While partaking of the nice warm breakfast which was pre-
pared for him, he heard the tramp of horses upon the road, and
rushed to the front window and looked out, but could not tell to
H 13

198 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

which party they belonged, but judging they were rebels intent
upon his recapture, started out the back way and made for the
woods. He was quickly overtaken and brought back to the
house. His kind landlady then witnessed against him that he
had confessed to her he was a confederate spy, when they were
about to hang him at once, without the form of trial. He told
them not to be so fast, that he was a Union soldier who had been
captured and made his escape from the rebels. Plis story they
refused to believe, cursing him as a spy, and arranging to at once
put an end to his existence. Finally better counsels prevailed,
and he was at once taken (not very gently) into the Union camp
and before the general commanding, who questioned him as to
who he was, and where he was from. He replied, giving his
name, company and regiment. The general then questioned him
upon other matters, receiving direct replies, when he ordered him
under double guard, that inquiries might be made as to the truth
of his story, stating that he was either the man he claimed to be
or else a spy.

Inquiry being made, it was learned that a captain of that regi-
ment was then in hospital. He was asked if there was such a
person as John Jacobs in Co. D of his regiment. He replied
there was, and stated he would be able to identify him on sight.
Jacobs was then brought before him, and the recognition was
mutual, and he was at once ordered discharged. He then asked
the party bringing him into camp for his mule and gun, w T hich
they refused to surrender, when he at once complained to the
general, who ordered them delivered to him. These he sold for
$140, which was so much clear gain. The whole affair showed
that Jacobs was without fear, and a man of pluck and inventive
genius.

As illustrating the strict discipline of the regiment, the follow-
ing incident is given: An order was issued by General
llosecranz, commander of the division, that no one should be
permitted to pass the guards without the countersign, save a gene-
ral in full uniform. A gentleman, in a linen duster and broad
brimmed hat, drove along a road on which a guard was stationed,
when he was commanded to halt. Reining up suddenly, he
inquired why he was thus stopped. "Give the countersign,"
answered the guard. "Get out of the way, d n you ! I'm Gene-
ral Gordon Granger." "I have no means of knowing whether
you are General Gordon Granger or not, and you cannot pass here

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 199

unless in full dress, or you give the countersign.'' Using a string
of adjectives that would not appear well in print, he again asked
permission to pass; when the guard told him he was not in a
humor to be cursed, and that he must either give the countersign
or turn, or he would at once arrest him and send him to the
guard house. Upon this the party wheeled around, and soon
appeared dressed in full uniform; when the guard gave the salute,
.and he was permitted to pass. The circumstance was reported to
General Rosecranz, who reproved General Granger and told the
guard he did just right.

Few rebel battle flags were captured during the war, and it was
always considered a grand honor for any to take one. In the last
grand charge upon the enemy's works at Atlanta, Captain George
~\V. Reid, who at the time was acting Lieutenant-Colonel of the
regiment, succeeded in securing one trom a Texas regiment, and
sent it home, where it remained in his house in Chalmers township
about one year, when it was taken to Springfield by request of
the Adjutant-General; and it can now be seen in the "trophy
room" of the State capitol, duly labeled and credit given to Cap-
tain Reid.

SEVENTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY.

The 78th Infantry, Illinois Volunteers, was organized in Quincy,
111., in August, 1862, by Col. "Wm. H. Benueson, and mustered
into service September 1, 1862. Ordered to Louisville, Ky., where
it was assigned to the Second Brigade, Fourth Division, Army of
Ohio ; transferred to Thirty-ninth Brigade, Twelfth Division ;
afterwards detached from Brigade and assigned to Gen. Boyle,
Oct. 1, 1862. This regiment was engaged in many battles during
the war, among which were Chickamauga, Chattanooga, Kenesaw
Mountain and others. After a year's service, Col. Benneson re-
signed, and Lieut. Colonel Van Vleck. of this county, was pro-
meted to the Colonelcy, and retained command until killed in
August 1864, near Atlanta, by one of the enemy's sharp shooters.
Xo braver men than Col. Carter Van Vleck and Major Wm. L.
Broaddus were ever in command and none more generally beloved
by their men. Of the bravery of the men it is needless to speak;
their record is known of all. In this regiment there were 214
men from this county, and of that number 15 were killed, 28
wounded, and 23 died of disease while in service, 20 were taken
prisoners, 6 of whom died at Andersonville, and 3 at Libby.
This is a record of which we may well be proud.

200 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Resigning the position of Lieutenant Colonel of the 28th, L.
H. Waters returned home and succeeded in raising another regi-
ment, which in due time was mustered into the United States
service. This regiment was composed in good part of men from
McDonough county, and therefore deserves record in this place.
We therefore give the

EIGHTY-FOURTH INFANTRY.

The Eighty-fourth Infantry, Illinois volunteers was organized
at Quincy, Illinois, in August, 1862, by Colonel Louis H. Waters,,
and mustered into the United States service September 1st, with
nine hundred and fifty-one men and officers. Ordered to Louis-
ville, September 23, 1862, and was assigned to the Tenth Brigade,.
Colonel Gross commanding, Fourth Division, Brigadier General
William Sooy Smith commanding, and marched September 29th
in pursuit of Bragg. Moved via Bardstown, Danville, Perryville,
Crab Orchard, Wild Cat, Somerset, Columbia, Glascow, Scotts-
ville, Gallatin, and Silver Springs to Nashville; from thence via
Murfreesboro, Bradyville and Manchester to Elk river, and back
via Hillsboro to Manchester; from thence across the Cumberland
Mountains, and via Dunlap, Jasper, Battle Creek, Shell Mound r
Whiteside, Chattanooga, Grayville, Ringgold, Gordon's Mills and
Crawfish Springs to Chickamauga. On retreat to Chattanooga,,
thence over Walden's Ridge to Shell Mound and Whiteside.
From thence via Chattanooga, Lookout Mountain, Missionary
Ridge to Chickamauga battle-ground, and back by the same route
to Whiteside; thence moved to Chattanooga, Tyner's Station,
Ooltowah, Cleveland, Charleston, back to Cleveland, Blue Springs
thence to Red Clay, Catoosa Springs, Tunnell Hill, Buzzard's
Roost, and back to Blue Springs. Thence by the same route to
Dalton, and moving forward was engaged at Resaca, Cal-
houn, Adairsville, Kingston, Cassville, Pumpkin Vine, Burnt
Hickory, Dallas, New Hope Church, Ackworth, Big Shan
ty, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Rough Station,
Pace's Ferry, Chattahoochie River and Peach Tree creek.
From thence moved on the fortifications of Atlanta; thence to
Rough-and-Ready, Jonesboro and Lovejoy station. From At-
lanta moved via Marietta, Ackworth, Cartersville, Allatoona,
Kingston, Calhoun, Resaca, Snake Creek Gap, Galesville, Ala-
bama, Chattanooga, Stevenson, Bridgeport, Huntsville, Athens,
Pulaski, Columbia and Franklin to Nashville; thence to Pulaski r

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 201

Lexington and Huutsville ; thence by rail to Knoxville, Term.;
thence to Strawberry Plains and Bull's Gap, and returned to
Nashville, where, June 8th, 1865, the regiment was mustered out
of the United States service.

Battles in which the 84th was engaged: Stone Kiver, Dec. 31,
1862, Jan. 12 and 13, 1863 ; loss, two hundred and twenty-eight
men. AYoodbury, Jan. 17, 1863. Chickamauga, Sept. 19 and 20,
1863; loss, one hundred and seventy-two men. Lookout Moun-
tain, Missionary Ridge and Ringgold, ]STov. 24, 25 and 26, 1863 ;
loss, nine men. Dalton, Feb. 22, 1864; loss, four men. In the
Atlanta campaign: Buzzard's Roost, May 10, 1864; Dalton, May
13, 1864; Resaca, May 14, 1864; Burnt, Hickory, May 26 to 31,
and June 1, 2 and 3; Kenesaw Mountain, Symria, Atlanta, Jones-
boro and Lovejoy Station ; loss in the campaign, one hundred and
twenty-five men. Franklin and Nashville ; loss, twenty men.
Total casualties in battle, live hundred and fifty-eight men.

From the 84th but one man was ever taken prisoner ; but ten
deserted ; only one man ever sent to military prison ; and but four
tried by court martial.

There were two hundred and five men in the 84th from Mc-
Donough county, in five different companies A, B, C, D and F.
Killed, 11; died, 30; wounded, 39; died in Andersonville prison,
1 the only prisoner taken. Twenty-five per cent, of the whole
number enlisting from this county in this regiment gave their
lives for their country. A great sacrifice indeed, but made in a
good cause. May such an offering never again be required.

AVe now call attention to the

ONE HUNDRED AND NINETEENTH INFANTRY.

The 119th Infantry, Illinois Volunteers, was organized at Quin-
sy, 111., in September, 1862, by Colonel Thomas J. Kinney, and
mustered in Oct. 10th. Xov. 2, moved to Columbus, Ky., and
thence to Jackson, Teun.; Feb. 6, 1863, to Humbolt; May 30, to
Memphis, and assigned to Fourth Brigade, Filth Division, and
Sixteenth Corps. Jan. 27, 1864, the regiment moved to Vicks-
burg, was engaged in the Meriden campaign, under Gen. Sher-
man. March 10, embarked on the Red River Expedition, engaged
in the battles of Fort DeRussey, Pleasant Hill, Bayou la Moore,
Yellow Bayou. Moved to Yicksburg May 25, and to Memphis
June 24. By rail to Lagrange, and July 5 commenced march
through Mississippi. Returned to Memphis the 27th. Sept. 5,

20*2 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

moved to Jefferson Barracks, Mo. On Oct. 2, started after Price r
and returned Nov. 18, having marched 700 miles. Dec. 1, arrived
at Nashville, engaged in the battle of the lt>. On Feb. 8, em-
barked for New Orleans, engaged at Spanish Fort and Blakely.
Moved to Montgomery and Mobile. Mustered out Aug. 26, 1865 y
and arrived at Camp Butler, 111., Sept. 4. Company II. of this
regiment was from this county, and contained 8L men. The
mortality was 8.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FOURTH INFANTRY.

This regiment was organized at Camp Butler, Illinois, in Sep-
tember, 1862, by Colonel Thomas J. Sloan, and Oct. 6 moved tor
Jackson, Tenn. ; was assigned to Third Brigade, First Division r
Thirteenth Corps. Moved to Lagrange Nov. 4. On the twenty-
eighth drove the enemy across the Tallahatchie, and advanced to
the Yocona river. Feb. 23, 1863, moved down the river from
Memphis to Lake Providence, and March 17 went into camp at
Berry's Landing. April 18 moved to Milikin's Bend, and on the
25th commenced the campaign against Yicksburg. On the 30th
crossed the river sixty miles below Vicksburg, and the following
day was engaged at Thompson's Hill. Was engaged in the bat-
tles of Raymond, Jackson and Champion Hills, May 12, 14 and 16 r
respectively, and during the entire siege of Yicksburg, including
the charge on the fortification and assault on Fort Hill. On the
thirty-first of August went on the campaign to Monroe, La., and
Oct. 14 to Brownsville, and was in the battles at that place of Oct.
16 and 17. Nov. 7 went in camp at Black river, and on the 25th
engaged in a prize drill with five other regiments, excelling
all others. At a subsequent contest for a prize banner the 124th
received the banner, inscribed, " Excelsior Eegiment, Third
Division, Seventh Army Corps," from the hands of Major General
McPherson for excelling in soldierly appearance, discipline, and
drill. Commenced the raid to Meriden, Feb. 3, 1864. Eeturned
to Yicksburg March 4. Was engaged at Benton on May 7,
and 10, returned to Yicksburg on the 21st. In July moved with
Gen. Slocum on his Jackson campaign, and was engaged in the
sharp fight at Jackson Cross roads the 5th and 7th. In Oct. wa&
in campaign to White river and Memphis. Remained at Yickburg
on provost duty until Feb. 25, 1865, w^hen it moved to New Or-
leans. March 12, embarked for Mobile, moved to Dauphine Is-
land, and up Fish river, and ccmmenced the siege cf Spanish

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 203

Fort. The regiment was the extreme left of the investing line,
and, with one-half deployed as skirmishers, drove the enemy
within their fortifications. The regiment started for Montgomery,
April 13, and July 17, 1865, started home for muster out; arrived
at Chicago Aug. 3, and mustered out the 15th. One hundred and
sixteen men in this regiment were from this county, and in com-
panies D and I. But one was killed, fourteen died, and six
wounded.

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY- SEVENTH INFANTRY.

This regiment was organized at Camp Wood, Quincy, 111., by
Col. John Wood, and mustered in June 5, 1864, for one hundred
days. On June 9, the regiment left Quincy, and proceeded to
Memphis, Tenn., where it was assigned to the Fourth Brigade,
District of Memphis, Colonel E. L. Baltwick, 89th Wisconsin,
commanding. July 9, assigned to the Third Brigade, Colonel
John Wood, commanding, and was stationed on the Hernando
road on picket duty, where, on the twenty-first of August, they
were attacked by General Forrest; being on the extreme outpost,
they were the first to meet the enemy, and suffered more than any
regiment there on duty. The regiment was mustered out of the
United States service at Springfield, 111., Sept. 4, 1864.

There were in this regiment from McDonough county one hun-
dred and fifty-three men, in four different companies, C, D, G and
I. Three of this number were killed, four died, four wounded,
and twenty taken prisoners.

ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-FIRST INFANTRY.

This regiment was organized at Quincy, Illinois, and mustered
into the United States service February 23, 1865, for one year.
From Quincy it proceeded to Springfield, where it received its
arms and accoutrements, and was then ordered to Nashville, and
on March 7 marched to Murfreesboro, and then by rail to Chatta-
nooga, Tenn., where it remained drilling and engaged in picket
and guard duty and scouting. April 23, Colonel Woodall was de-
tailed to proceed under flag of truce to Macon, Ga., via Atlanta,
to communicate with Major-General Wilson, and carry, also,
terms offered to the rebel General Warford for his surrender, to-
gether with that of his command. This mission he executed with
credit and dispatch and was complimented by his commanding
officer, Brigadier-General H. M. Judah.

204

May 2d, ordered to proceed to Resaca, Ga., thence to Calhoim
and Kingston, where the regiment arrived May 12, after a most
tiresome march. The regiment marched into this town with the
precision of regulars, as it was here they were to receive the sur-
render of the rebel General "Warford and his command, which
was done on the 13th, 14th and loth of May, 186510,400 rebels
paroled in all.

The regiment remained at Kingston guarding government prop-
erty, etc. July 28, the regiment proceeded to Columbus, Ga.,
where*, January 24, 1866, it was mustered out and ordered to
Springfield, Illinois, where it received final payment and discharge
February 8, 1866.

Of this regiment 188 were McDonough county men, of whom
but four died, being the only casualties, as far as known.

BATTERY H SECOND ARTILLERY.

Battery II, Second 111. Light Artillery, was organized at Camp
Butler, 111., Dec. 1861, by Capt. Andrew Stenbeck, and was mus-
tered in Dec. 31, 1861, and Feb. 6, 1862, moved to Cairo, 111., and
was stationed at Fort Holt. One section moved to siege Ft. Pil-
low, and returned to Columbus, Ky. and from there to Henderson
and went into pursuit of Morgan, Aug. 1. One section moved to
Smithfield, Ky., and Sept. 4, one moved to Clarksville, Tenn.
Jan. 1, 1864, sixty-five men re-enlisted as veteran, and were fur-
lough ed. During the summer of 1861, the men of the battery
were mounted and armed, as cavalry, and used in scouting, etc.
Aug. 8, engaged the enemy at Canton and Rockcastle Ford, Ky.,
and subsequently were in garrison at Clarksville, until July 15,
1865, when the battery moved to Springfield, 111., for muster out,
and accordingly July 29 was mustered out of service. Fourteen
men of this battery were from McDonough county, none of whom
were killed, and but one died.

COMPANY B TENTH MISSOURI INFANTRY.

At the first call for 300,000 men, made by President Lincoln in
1861, Dr. W. F. Bayne, of Macomb, made up a company, and im-
mediately wrote to Springfield and tendered its service to Gov-
ernor Yates. The Governor informed him that, as he had already
accepted two companies from McDonough county, and that being
their full quota, he must decline any more. The doctor, with his
men, not desiring to quietly submit and remain at home in time of
their country's peril, concluded to go to Missouri and enlist, that

205

State being unable to fill her quota. They accordingly went to
St. Louis without delay, tendered their service, and was accepted
by Governor Gamble, and mustered into service at St. Louis
Arsenal, as Co. B ; was put on detached duty until 1862, when they
were assigned to the 10th Missouri Infantry, Second Brigade,
Third Division, Army of the Mississippi. The doctor received
the commission of Captain, and for two years (having to resign on
account of ill health) led the company through many of the hot-
test engagements of the rebellion. Very soon after the Captain
had been commissioned he received a letter from Governor Yates
accepting the services of his company, stating that when the two
companies referred to came to muster they had only men enough
for one. This letter was received too late to effect any change.
Had it arrived a few hours earlier Captain Bayne and his com-
pany would have been in the 28th Illinois Yoluuteeers. One of
the most efficient regiments engaged in the suppression of the re-
bellion was the 10th Missouri Infantry, and no company of that
regiment did better service or has a brighter record than Co. B, of
McDonough couirty.

Many of those enlisting in 1861 never returned to their homes,
still there are a few of the brave boys scattered here and there
over the country who, sixteen years ago, were so resolutely deter-
mined to defend their country. The following are some of the
more prominent engagements in which Co. B took an active part :
Corinth, in the spring of 1862 ; luka, September, 1862 ; Corinth,
Oct. 3 and 4, 1862 ; Raymond, Miss., May 12, 1863 ; Jackson, May
14, 1863, and Champion Hills, May 16. The company was before
Yicksburg during the siege, from May 18 to July 4, 1863.

OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN OF COMPANY B, TENTH MISSOURI INFANTRY.

Captain, William F. Bayne; First Lieutenant, James E. Flem-
ing; Second Lieutenant, Jerry Randolph ; First Sergeant, David
S. Randolph ; Second Sergeant, James McClelland ; Third Ser-
geant, Calvin R. Single ; Fourth Sergeant, James F. Jones ; Fifth
Sergeant, John H. Moore; Corporals, James F. Greenup, Russell
T. Stokes, James W. Harlan, John Matheny, Crawford J. Lindsey,
Crawford Cubbiaon, Isaac Halterman, John W. Clark. Fifer,
Charles Morris. Drummer, John W. Foley. Privates, Samuel
Baldwin, George "\Y. Baney, Reece W. Barnes, Andrew J. Clark,
Presley Cubbinson, Daniel A. Camp, AVilliam H. Davis, Thomas

206 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

J. Ferguson, Francis M. Fleming, John H. Fair, Samuel II. Fris-
clive, Edwin A. Farley, Albert Freas, Robert F. Frances, Hiram
P. Howe, Anderson D. Hainline, Joseph Hensley, William O.
Hoskinsou, John Horton, William R. Kirk, John P. Lane, Wil-
liam P. Leaphart, William T. Moore, Robert J. Mills, David E.
Marler, Richard A. Morris, John Melvin, William !N". McGraw,
Isaac D. Morgan, Robert S. Morgan, David H. McCartney, John
W. Myers, Thomas J. Martin, David C. Newell, Harvey Oatman,
William B. Rice, Edward C. Rabbit, Louis Roberts, George A.
Robinson, Hiram L. Sweeny, John M. Sweeny, William S. Stokes,
William II. Stevens, George Sherwood, George W. Thompson,
Leander C. Twichel, John E. Vance, Isaac N. Yanlloesen, John
Wooley, Milton Woolridge, W. H. Woods, Felix B. White,
William H. Young.

SUMMARY.

We find, under the various calls, McDonough county was called
upon to raise 2,737 men. By the reports of the Adjutant Gen-
eral of the State we learn that there were credited to the county
2,734, leaving a deficit of three men. If the seventy-one men en-
listing in the 10th Missouri infantry had been duly credited to
the county, together with many enlisting in companies made up
principally and credited wholly to other counties, WQ would have
exceeded our quota by at least two hundred men. Only about
twenty of the one hundred and two counties in the State furnished
as great a number proportionately.

McDonough county was represented in thirty-three regiments
and in seventy-eight companies. There were sixty-nine men
killed in battle, one hundred and eighty-two wounded, and one
hundred and seventy-six died while in the service, of whom we
have no record.

Below will be found a carefully compiled statement taken from
the reports of the Adjutant-General of the State and revised in
great part by some one familiar with each regiment and company.
We have tried to make it correct and reliable, having spent many
days in the work of compilation.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 207

SECOND ARTILLERY.

BATTERY H.

Sergeant Jonas Eckdall, Macomb, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Promoted to 1st lieutenant.

Clark, Peter, Sr., Maconib, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Discharged March 25, 1863; disability.

Clark, Peter, Jr.. Maeorab, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Discharged March 25, 1863; disability.

Rutishamer, Jacob. Macomb, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Died at Columbus, Ky., April 4, 1862.

Smith, James, Macomb, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Ju]y 29, 'C5.

Waldrick, Patrick. Macomb, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Deserted Aug. 31, 1862.

Corporal Newton Jellison, Macomb, re-enlisted Jan. 23, 1864. Mustered out July 29, 1865.

Jellison, John, Macomb, re-enlisted Jan. 22, 1864. Mustered out July 29, 1865.

McCarthy, John, Macomb, re-enlisted Jan. 23, 1864. Mustered out July 29, 1865.

Megan, Martin, Macomb, re-enlisted Jan. 23, 1864. Discharged May 25, 1865 ; disability.

Stewart, Charles, Macomb, re-enlisted Jan. 2, 1864.

Whitten. James, Macomb. re-enlisted Jan. 1, 1864. Mustered out July 29, 1865.

Walter, Isadore, Macomb, re-enlisted Jan. 23, 1864. Mustered out July 29, 1865.

BATTERY K.

Fishbourne, Thoma, Macomb, May 23, 1861.

Harris, Columbus, Middletown, Feb. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 14, 18C5.

SECOND CAVALRY.

COMPANY H.

Captain Jam^s D. Walker, Macomb, commissioned Aug. 24, 1861. Resigned Jan. 17, 1862.

Captain Josephus B. Venard, Macomb, commissioned July 20, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 22, 1865.

First Lieutenant George W. Naylor, Macomb. commissioned July 20, 1864. Must'd out Nov. 22/65.

Quartermaster Sergeant Charles H. Rogers, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Deserted Oct. 1, 1862.

Sergeant William Venable, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Disch'd Aug. 11, 1864; term expired.

Corporal Gabriel Jones, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Corporal John Shipman, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
Nov. 22, 1865.

Corporal Thomns Kays, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged July 3, 1863; disability.

Corporal John Venard, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Corporal Oliver Williams, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Buglar William H. Hudson, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Buglar Frank R. Kyle, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Jan. 2, 1865; disability.

Saddler James Ellis. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Died July 4, 1863.

Austin, James, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Sept. 25, 1862; disability.

Bartleson, Charles. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864 ; corporal.

Brown, William. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Transferred to Co. I, 4th U. S. cavalry.

Chase, James P., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Halliday, Thomas. L., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862.

Calvin, Henry C.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Mortally wounded Nov. 11, 1863.

Davis, George, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Died at Trenton, Tenn., Aug. 16, 1862.

Hamilton, Thomas, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
Nov. 22, 1865.

Hanson, Nels, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; must'd out Nov. 22, 1865.

Hogan, Augustus, Macomb, enlisted Aug, 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864, term expired.

Ingram, Riley, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran. Mustered out Nov.
22, 1865.

Jacobs. Mark F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Johnston, Henry, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged April 14, 1863.

Kphule, John, Macomb, enlisted Aug. ti, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, Ls64.

Kinkade, Mack, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged March 16, 1862.

Limberge, Henry, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, promoted to Sergeant*
Major.

Morgan, James G., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

McMahon, Thad. C., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged for promotion Aug. 1, 18*2.

Munson, William F., Macomb. enlisted Aug. 6. 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1862.

Metis, John H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, deserted Sept. 11, 1865.

McClure, James. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged March 20, 1862, disability.

Martin, Charles E., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Markham, Daniel, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Markham, Henry L., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6. 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Norwood, Douglas, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 18, 1862.

Oertel, Jacob, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Killed at Holly Springs, Dec. 20, 1862.

Payton, John, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged for promotion, June 13, 1863.

Rickets, Rival, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged March 20. 1862, disability.

Rickets, Green, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6. 1861. Discharged Oct. 18, 1862. disability.

Seiberling. Henry M, Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864, Corporal.

Shannon, John, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864, Corporal.

Tyson, Charles F., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Promoted Commissary Sergeant Nov. 1, 1862.

Walker, Samuel P., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged for promotion Aug. 1, 1862.

Welkin, Ohio, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged May 5, 1862.

Warren, Edward F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6. 1861. Discharged March 25, 1862.

Wright, Thomas, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged for promotion June 13, 1863.

208 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Yaple, Oscar, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 6, 1861. Discharged Aug. 11, 1864.

Beck, James E., Macomb, enlisted August 12, 1862. Ke-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June 11,
1865, Corporal.

Beck, Jessie, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862. Discharged June 15, 1863; disability, wounds.

Bently, George R., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 25, 1862. Discharged March 15, 1863.

Butcher, Bowman R., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June
11, 1865.

Butcher, John M., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June
11, 1865.

Butcher, Preston, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June
11, 1865.

Ballou, Charles, Blandinsville, enlisted February 16, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 22, 1865.

Cockerham, William, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June
11, 1865, Corporal.

Curtis, Edward E., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Killed at Sabine, La., April 8. 1861.

Clugston, Warren, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Discharged Oct. 13, 1862, disability.

Cockerham, Daniel, Tennessee, enlisted March 28, 1864. Mustered out June 22, 1865.

Dark, Samuel A., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862. Discharged Dec. 18, 1863, disability.

Dunham, George, Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Transferred to Company E., mustered
Out June 22, 1805.

Freeland, Charles, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5, 1863. Mustered out May 27, 18(55.

Edward, Edmonds, Macomb, enlisted March 15, 1861. Transferred to Co. E., Blustered out Nov.
22, 1865.

Huff, James E., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 22, 1865.

Jackson, Edwin, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1862. Mustered out June 11, 1865.

Jewett, A. V., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 27, 1864. Mustered out June 11, 1865.

Kinkade, John H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Died at Carrollton, La., Aug. 23, 1863.

Keithley, Andrew, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5. 1863. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nor.
22, 1865.

Knowles, Robertson B., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out
June 11, 1865.

Lee, George W., Macomb, enlisted Nov. 5, 1863. Transferred to Co. C., deserted Sept. 29, 1865.

Markham, Aaron, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, died at Baton Rouge,
La.

Markham, Daniel, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Mustered out June 11, 1865.

Markham, Archey, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June 11,
1865.

Michaels, William F., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5, 1863. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out
Nov. 22, 18(55.

Morgan, Isaac L., Bethel, enlisted Nov. 24, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 23,
1865.

Pace, Andrew J., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out June 11,
1865.

Rickets, Pleasant G., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 5, 1863. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out
Nov. 22, 1865.

Rouse, Levi H., Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Veteran recruit.

Sullivan, John, Macomb, enlisted March 11, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 2
1865.

Schultz, John H., Macomb, enlisted March 11, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22,
1865.

Tift, Semer B., Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 22, 1865.

"Venard, Josephus B.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2, 1861. Promoted Captain.

Tift, Silas J., Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22,
1865.
Venard, George G., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8. 1862. Discharged March 15, 1863.

Wagle, William A., Middletown, enlisted March 26, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out
Nov. 22, 1865.

Wright, Hiram B, New Salem, enlisted Jan. 18, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov.
22, 1864.

Webb, Silas H., Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov.
22, 1865.

Chapman, Amos, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22,
1865.

Dickens, Joshua, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1. 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22,
1865.

Lightfood, Armsted. Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22,
1865.

Scott, Thomas, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1864. Transferred to Co. E., mustered out Nov. 22,
1865.

SEVENTH CAVALRY.

COMPANY K.

. Adams. Matthew, Prairie City, enlisted March 3, 1865. Absent sick at muster out of regiment.
Gustasson, Alexander, Prairie City, March 3, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.
Jamieson, Lewis M., Prairie City, March 3, 1S65. Mustered out Sect. 27, 1865.
Nelson, Enoch, Prairie City, March 3, 1865. Died at Louisville, Ky , Sept. 29, 1865.
Smith, Lewis M., Prairie City, Feb. 2, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

COMPANY L.

Captain George M. Scott, Bushnell, commmissioned Aug 21, 1861. Resigned July 3, 1862.
Captain Squire A. Epperson, Bushnell, commissioned July 3, 1862. Term expired Nov. 12, 1865.

HISTORY OF M'DQNOUGH COUNTY. 209

Captain Daniel M. Wilt, Bushnell, commissioned Nov. 12, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1S65.

First Lieutenant Warren W. Porter, New Salem, commissioned Aug. 21, 1861. Term expired Oct.
15, 1864.

st Lieutenant James Price. Eldorado, commissioned Oct. 15, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Second Lieutenant Squire A. Epperson, Bushnell, commissioned Aug. 21, 1861. Promoted.

Second Lieutenant Daniel M. Wilt, Bushnell, commissioned July 3, 1862. Promoted.

Second Lieutenant Elijah F. Martin, Bushnell, commissioned April 25, 1865. Commission can-
celled.

Second Lieutenant Lewis Pickel, New Salem, commissioned Aug. 11, 1865. Mustered out Nov.
4,1865.

Quartermaster Sergeant Alexander W. Scott, Bardolph, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as vet-
eran, mustered out Nov. 5, 1865.

Sergeant Israel Markham, Bardolph, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864.

Sergeant James W. Lancy, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1. 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864.

Sergeant John R. Sperling, BushneU, enlisted Sept. 1. 1861. Mustered Oct. 15, 1864.

Sergeant Eliab Martin, BushneD, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran, mustered out Nor.
5,1865.

Corporal Lester Husted, New Salem, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 2, 1864, wounded.

Corporal Alexander Lockard, New Salem, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Killed at Birds Point, Mo., Jan.
10. 1862.

Corporal John T. Lancy, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Discharged Nov. 23, 1862, disability.

Corporal Henry B. Parvin, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. ]. 1S61. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864.

Corporal George Stansbury, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864.

Dewey, George I., Prarie City, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out
Nov. 4. 1865.

Francis, Henry H,, Colchester, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran, mustered out JSov. 4,.
1865,

Hammer, John. Bardolph, Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Harris, Alexander, Bardolph, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Discharged May 16, 1862, disability.

Hopwood, Josephus, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 25, 1864.

Lambert, David, Bushnell. enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran,corporal, sick at muster out.

Lair. Daniel, Bushnell, enlisted Sept, 1, 1861. Killed at Birds Point, Mo, Jan. 10, 1862.

Long, Henry, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1. 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out Nov. 5, 1865.

Meyers, Christian, Bushuell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Killed at Birds Point, Mo., Jan. 10, 1862.

Myers, Frederick, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Discharged Oct. 15, 1862, disability.

Price, James, Eldorado, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, promoted.

Schall, Samuel S., Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Died at Oxford, Miss., Dec. 7, 1862, wounds.

Wilt, Daniel M., Bushnell, enlisted Sept, 1. 1861. Promoted.

Wilson, James M.. Bardolph, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864,

Wilson, James, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 1, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864.

Adcock, Joseph, Eldorado, enlisted Nov. 2, Ib61. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 8
1865.

Atkinson, Charles, Macoiub, enlisted Nov. 3, 1861. Mustered out Oct. 15, 1864.

Adock, George L., New Salem, enlisted Feb. 22, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Allison, Samuel, Bethel, enlisted April 4, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Brown, William B., New Salem, enlisted August 28, 1862. Mustered out July 12, 1865.

Burnett, Daniel D., New Salem, enlisted Axigust 20, 1862. Discharged April 8, 1863, disability.

Boughner, Christian, Mound, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Campbell, Jehn A., Walnut Grove, enlisted April 7, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Epperson, John L., New Salem, enlisted Aug. '20, 1862. Mustered out July 12, 1865

Husted, Marion, New Salem, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865, as corporal.

Eveland, Charles B., Mound, enlisted Feb. 9, 1865. Mustered outNov. 4, 1865.

Elliott, Jasper S., New Salem, enlisted March 1, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Henry, Lorenzo D., Mound, enlisted Feb. 9, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Johnson, Nathaniel L., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 4, 1862.. Mustered out July 12, 1865.

Jones, Thomas G., New Salem, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Matthewson, Josiah C., New Salem, enlisted August 24. 1S62. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Mitchell. Levi. Macomb, enlisted Sept. 2, 1862. Mustered out July 12, 1863.

McDermott, Patrick, New Salem, enlisted December 16, 1863. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Markham, Frank, Prairie City, enlisted Aug, 20, 1864. Mustered out July 12. 1865.

Markham, Hirarn, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 3. 1861. Discharged for disability.

Markham, Harrison, Mound, enlisted Feb. 9, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

McGinnis, John. New Salem, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

Myers. James J., Walnut Grove, enlisted March 7, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.
ure, Winslow, Mound, enlisted Feb. 9, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865.

Park, William B., New Salem^enlisted August 11, 1862. Died at Baton Rouge, La., July 14, 1863.

Pyle, Benjamin F., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862. Died at LaGrange, Tenn., Feb. 15, 1863.

Schall, John L., Macomb, enlisted Nov. 2, 1861. Discharged May 6, 1862, disability.

Scott, Seymore R., Mound, enlisted March 7, 1865. Mustered out Ar.g, 23, 1865,

Thompson, Henry. New Salem, enlisted Aug, 4, 1862. Died t Memphis, May 5, 1864.

Wissler, Jonas, New Salem, enlisted March 1, 1862. Mustered out March 11, 1865.

Willis, William H.. New Salem, enlisted April 11, 1864. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865, as corporal.

Wooley, Lewis B., New Salem, enlisted Feb. 28. 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1875.

White, William J., Mound, enlisted March 7, 1865. Mustered out Nov. 4, 1865.

EIGHTH CAVALRY.

COMPANY G.

Danley, William L., Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; absent sick at
muster out.
Delaney, Dennis, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 17,.

210 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Edmiston, James C., Maoomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July
17, 1865.

Luton, Samuel, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861. Discharged Nov. 4, 1862 ; disability.

Luther, James, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 17,
1865.

Lear, John W., Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 18(51. Re-enlisted as veteran; absent sick at muster
out.

O'Brian , James, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; discharged Feb. 9, 1865 ;
disability.

Woolary, George, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 14. 1861. Died at Camp Relief, D. C., May 20, 1864.

ELEVENTH CAY ALE Y.

COMPANY I.

Captain Harvey T. Gregg, Prairie City, commissioned April 18, 1862. Resigned Sept. 23, 1862.

Captain William R. Hays, Blandmsville, commissioned Sept. 23, 1862. Promoted Major ; mustered
out Julyl, 1865.

First Lieutenant Joseph Edell, Blandinsville, commissioned June 6,1865. Mustered out Sept.
30, 1865.

Second Lieutenant John H. Hays, Blandinsville, commissioned Sept. 23, 1862. Dismissed Aug.
26, 1864.

Second Lieutenant Henry C. Fuller, Macomb, commissioned June 6, 1865. Mustered out Sept.
30, 1865.

Sergeant John H. Hays, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 7, 1861. Promoted.

Sergeant Martin V. Owen, Blandinsviile, enlisted Oct. 10. 1861.

Corporal Theophilus Speillman, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ;
mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

Corporal Robert S. Brooking, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered
out Sept. 30, 1865.

Corporal Adam S. Zimmermann, Walnut Grove, enlisted Oct. 17, 1861.

Butterfield, C. \V.. Middle town, enlisted Nov. 20, 1801. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
Sept. 30, 1865.

Camp, Edward S. Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Discharged.

Calkins, George W., Macomb, enlisted Nov. 15. 1861. Drowned in Clear creek while scouting.

Cox, R. S., Middletown, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps Feb. 11,
1864.

Davidson, Henry C., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
Sept. 30, 1865.

Duncan, Elijah, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 2, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
Sept. 30, 1865.

Edell, Joseph, Blaudinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted.

Friend, Thomas J., Middletown, enlisted Nov. 7, 1861. Discharged Jan. 8, 1863.

Freelarid, Fleming F., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran: mustered
-out Sept. 30, 1865.

Gates, George C., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Killed at Bethel, Tenn., June 18, 1862.

Graves. William C., Macomb, enlisted Nov, 10, 1861.

Gove, Charles, Blandinsville. enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran ; discharged Aug. 12, 1865.

Hays, Levi S., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1831. Discharged Jan. 26, 1862.

Holler, Joseph, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30,
1366.

Hume, Robert W., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
Sept. 30, 1865.

Keithley, Francis M., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 7, 1861. Discharged June 7, 1862.

Kirkpatrick, William B., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 7, 1861.

Lowe, Austin, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept.
30. 1865.

McKinney, Ephraim, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Died at Memphis, Tenn.

Metcalf, William E., Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Discharged Aug. 21, 1862.

Mayhugh, McCullum, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered
out Sept. 30, 1865.

McQueen, Arlow. Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 14, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30.
1865.

Pennington, Thomas, Industry, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
Sept. 30, 1865.

Pennington, Allen, Industry, enlisted Nov. 15, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; discharged Aug. 4 ,
1865; disability.

Schenck, Phillip, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Died at St. Louis, Aug. 1, 1862.

Spirva, F. M., Middletown, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept. 30,
1865.

Webster, Francis B., Macomb. enlisted Nov. 10, 1861, Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept.
30, 1865.

Weston, Benjamin F.. Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
Sept. 30, 1865 ; sergeant.

Bushnell, Homer, Blandinsville, enlisted March 25, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

Bughman, James K. P , Blandinsville, enlisted March 26, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

Bailey, W 7 illiam S., Blandinsville. enlisted March 22, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1365.

Butler, Ozias, Blandinsville, enlisted, Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept.
30, 1865.

Butler, Harry R., Blandinsville, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Discharged Oct. 25, 1862.

Courson, Andrew, Walnut Gove, enlisted March 7, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

Cunningham, William. Prairie City, enlisted March 4, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 211

Coe. Edward D., Blandinsville, enlisted Oct. 15. 1862. Discharged Oct. 31, 1863, for promotion.
Davis. Reuben A., Prairie City, enlisted March 4, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.
Durham, William A., Industry, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
Sept. 3i-.
Duncan, Elias. Blandinsville. enlisted March 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept.

Edell, Louis. Blandinsville. enlisted Dec. 28, 1861. Discharged Oct. 24, 1862.

Foster. William H.. Wainut Grove, enlisted March 7, 1862. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

Farris, William C., Blandinsville, enlisted Jau. 1. 1862. Deserted June 1, 1862.

Gove, Benjamin F.. Blandinsville, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
Sept. 30. 1805 ; sergeant.

Grigsby, Redmond. Blandinsville, enlisted March 30, 1864.

Hays. George W., Blandinsville. enlisted March 25, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865, as corporal.

Mainline. Nathan G., Blandinsville, enlisted March 22, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

Jackson, Henry D., Blandinsville, enlisted March 25, 1864. Mustered out May 22, 1865.

Jackson, John, Blandinsville, enlisted March 1, 1862. Died at St. Louis, June 18, 1862.

Luthey, Francis A., Blandinsvile, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Discharged Feb. 2, 1863.

Lillard. Augustus. Middletown. enlisted Jan. 2, 1862. Discharged Aug. 19, 1862.

Mitchell. Marcellns. Macomb. enlisted March 30, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

Moore. William W., Middletown, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862.

Millington. German, Bushnell, enlisted March 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out.

McQueen. Norman. Bushnall, enlisted March 1, 1862. Discharged Aug. 21, 1862.

Pennington, Francis M., Industry, enlisted April 1, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

Pennington, Stewart M., Industry, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
Sept. 30. 1865: sergeant.

Pennington, William R.. Industry, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps,
May 16, 1*64.

Penningtou, John L.. Industry, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Sept.
30. 1865 ; corporal.

Snyder. Henry. Blandinsville. enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Deserted Feb. 1. 1862.

Titus. John M". Blandinsville, enlisted March 26. 1864. Died at Vicksburg, July 26, 1864.

Wyman, J. Alexander. Blandinsville. enlisted March 31, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

Willard. Reiley, Prairie City, enlisted March 4, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

\Villiams, Reuben. Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Discharged Oct. 1, 1862.

York, Francis, Blandinsville, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted to chief
bugler.

COMPANY G.
Pixley, Enoch, Industry, enlisted Aug. 1, 1861. Mustered out June 1, 1865.

COMPANY K.

Botkins. Ira B.. Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.
Harvermail, Mont. H.. Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.
Hefley. William. Blandinsville, enlisted Feb. 17, 1865. Transferred to Fifth Illinois Cavalry.
Johnson. Edwin W., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.
Johnson; Sylvanus B., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Aug. 10, 1865.
Little, Henry C., Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.
Morse, William H., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.
Ratikin. Silas E., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.
Shultz. David A., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30. 1865.
Sweegle. Robert, Prairie City, enlisted March 3, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30. 1865.
Sweegle. John. Prairie City, enlisted March 3, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.
Vandal), Charles W., Blaridins?ille,. enlisted March 31, 1864. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

COMPANY L.

Gleason, William H., Blandinsville. enlisted Feb. 14, 186-5. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.
Martin. George. Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out Sept. 30, 1865.

COMPANY M.
C tptain John A. Gray. Bushnell, commissioned July 5, 1864. Time expired Dec. 19, 1864.

TWELFTH CAVALRY.

COMPANY D.

Sergeant Dan ford Taylor, Prairie City, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Promoted.

Arter, William, Colchester, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran.

Blazer, David, Colchester, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Discharged Oct. 15. 1864 : disability.

Doran, William, Macomb, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran.

Loftis. Benjamin, Macomb, enlisted Mar. 7, 1862. Deserted May 10, 1862.

Whitsel, Henry, Macomb, enlisted Dec 19, 1861. Deserted May 24, 1862.

Bryle. Charles R., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 10, 1883.

Murphy. C. R., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 15, 1863. Transferred to Co. D, as consolidated.

Miller, "Frank, Prairie City, enlisted June 10, 1862. Transferred to Co. D, as consolidated.

212 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

COMPANY L.

Alden, John H., Prairie City, enlisted Nov. 23, 1863. Transferred to Co. G, as consolidated.

Poster, James, Macomb, enl'isted Dec. 17, 1863. Mustered out Jan. 19, 1866.

Fouts, John C., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 23, 1863.

Giles, Daniel F., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 26, 1863. Died at Napoleonville, La.

Hinesman, John C., Prairie City, enlisted Nov. 2, 1S63. Mustered out May 29, 1866, as sergeant.

Hughson Jacob D., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 11, 1863. Mustered out May 29, 1866, as corporal.

Lipsey, James B., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 21, 1863. Deserted July 16, 1865.

Martin, Norton D., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 12, 1863.

Morgan, George W., Prairie City, enlisted Nov. 30, 1863. Mustered out Dec. 21, 1865.

Montrose, Charles, Prairie City, enlisted Nov. 21, 1883. Mustered out May 29, 18f>6.

Nichols George W., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 23, 1863. Mustered out May 29, 1866.

Robb, Francis C., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 28, 1863. Mustered out May 29, 1866.

Sapp Calvin A., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 22, 1863. Discharged June 26, 1864 ; disability.

Shultz, Josiah M., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 22, 1863. Mustered out Aug. 28, 1865.

Tanner, William, Walnut Grove, enlisted Dec. 1, 1863.

Tainter, David N., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 3, 1863.

Thompson, John S., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 28, 1863.

Wentzel, Abram, Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 4, 1863. Mustered out May 29, 1866.

COMPANY M.

Brassfield, James, Middletown, enlisted Jan. 4, 1864. Deserted June 16, 1865.
David, John F., Industry, enlisted Jan. 4, 1861. Mustered out Mar. 30, 1866, as sergeant.
Mitchell. Theodore, Industry, enlisted Jan. 4, 1864. Died at Napoleonviile, La., Aug. 2, 1864.
Toland, James B., Industry, enlisted Jan. 4, 1864.

SIXTEENTH CAVALRY.

COMPANY L.

Commissary Sergeant James C. Canfield, Prairie City, enlisted Nov. 16, 1862. Died at Richmond,
Va., Mar. 5, 1864, while a prisoner of war.

Corporal Joseph Markham, Bushnell, enlisted Mar. 7, 1862. Deserted May 25, 1803.

Able, Thomas, Bushnell, enlisted Jan. 13, 1863. Farrier; died in Andersonville prison, July 1,
1864 ; No of grave, 2,415.

Beard, James, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 8, 1862. Died at Vandalia, of wounds.

FuUz, Frederick, Bushnell, enlisted Mar. 7, 1862. Prisoner in hospital at Pulaski, Tenn., at mus-
ter out of regiment.

Beardsley, Bartemus, Middletown, enlisted Aug. 24, 1863. Mustered out Aug. 19, 1865 ; was pris-
oner.

Beliew, Henry H., Bushnell, enlisted July 4, 1863. Died at Richmond, Va., Mar. 1, 1864, while a
prisoner of war.

Cochran, Mahlon B., Middletown, enlisted Aug. 24, 1863. Prisoner; mustered out July 1,1865.

Howard, Joseph T., Middletown, enlisted Aug. 24, 1862. Prisoner ; mustered out Oct. 19, 1865.

SIXTEENTH INFANTRY.

ROSTER OF OFFICERS.

Lieutenant Colonel Samuel Wilson, Colchester, commissioned May 13, 1861. Resigned Sept. 3, '62.

Lieutenant Colonel James A. Chapman, Macornb, commissioned Oct. 31, 1864. Term expired and
mustered out, Dec. 31, 1864.

Quartermaster Thomas J. Coulter, Macomb, commissioned July 24, 1861. Honorably discharged
Nov. 25, 1863, and transferred to brierade quartermaster.

Hospital Steward Patrick H. Delany, Macomb, enlisted Dec. 23, 1863. Mustered out June 28, 1865.

Principal Musician Enoch Welker, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Mustered out June 28, 1865.

COMPANY A.

Captain Virgil Y. Ralston, Macomb, commissioned April 26, 1861. Resigned Mar. 13, 1862.

Captain Benjamin F. Pinkley, Bushnell, commissioned Mar. 13, 1862. Resigned July 11, 1862.

Captain Eben White, Bushnell, commissioned July 16, 1862. Died of wounds May 18, 1865.

Captain Ambrose Updegraff, Macomb, commissioned July 3, 1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

First Lieutenant Benjamin F. Pinkley, Bushnell, commissioned April 26, 1861, Promoted.

First Lieutenant Henry W. Gash, Macomb, commissioned Sept, 7, 1863. Term exp'd Dec. 28, '64.

First Lieutenant John V. Mason, Bushnell, commissioned July 3, 1865. Mustered out July 8, '65.

Second Lieutenant Hiram H. Bartholomew. Macomb, May 3, 1861. Promoted 1st lieutenant.

First Sergeant Henry W. Gash, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Promoted 2d lieutenant.

Sergeant Clark C. Morse, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th. Illinois Infantry,
Jan. 1, 1864.

Sergeant John E. Lane, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Sergeant Charles L. Sanders, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Infan-
try, Jan. 1, 1864.

Corporal Joseph M. Gaston, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered
out. July 8, 1865.

Corporal Marsh B. Burr, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 213

Corporal William H. Bonhara. Macomb. enlisted May 24. 1861. Mustered out June 23, 1864.
Corporal John V. Mason, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out

Corporal John C. Bell, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Sept. 24, 1862.

Corporal William Morrison, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, promoted
corporal, and mustered out.

Corporal James L. Mainline, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1S61. Re-enlisted as veteran ; discharged
June 30, 1865, on account of wounds.

Corporal William F. Bane. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted 2d
lieutenant, nnd mustered out.

Musician Enoch Welker, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted prin-

P. Danley, Macorab. enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Dec. 16, 1861.
Adams, Edward A., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861.
Allison, Joshua, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July >.

Brandon, Calvin K., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Bell James F., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 186L Re-enlisted as veteran ; must'd out July 8, 1865.

Brooks, Harrison, Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 9, 1862.

Chapman, Thomas B., Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861.

Clarke, Benjamin F., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
while absent sick.

Doran, William M., Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Discharged Dec. 16, 1861.

Delaney, Patrick H., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted.

Ervin, James. Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, '65.

Fishbourne, Thomas M.. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Mustered out July 11, 1864.

Forrest, James M., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8,
1885.

Franklin, William J., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
July 8, 1865.

Gordon. Harrison, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf., Jan. 1. 1864,

Graham, John M., Macomb, enlisted May 21, 1861. Transferred to 60th, Illinois Infantry Jan. 1, 1864.

Grooms, Nathaniel C., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Gash, George B., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Feb. 3, 1862.

Mainline, Baxter, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran, mustered out absence on
furlough.

Mainline, George L., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. R .--enlisted veteran, killed at Bentonville,
March 20, 1865,

Mainline, William H., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1S61. Re-enlisted veteran, promoted, mus-
tered out July 8. :

Hampton, Van C., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th 111. Infantry. Jan. 1, 1864.

Hampton, Harrison H., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th 111. Infantry, Jan.
1. 1864. Died.

Hart. Henry, Macomb. enlisted May 24. 1861. Died June 2, 1862.

Hayden, John, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Head, William H., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Mustered out June 23, 1864.

Hendricksou, James F,, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran, mustered out July
8. 1865.

Henderson. Edward F., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Deserted Oct. 24, 1861.

Hicks, William, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Hook, Charles, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 8, 1865.

Hurlev, Edward, Bushnell, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out* July 8 T
1865.

Kelly, rxhvin D., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, killed at Jonesboro,
Sept. 7, ]M',4.

Kendrick. Nathaniel H., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Jan. 14, 1862.

King. William F., Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Discharged Aug. 12, 1862.

Lea, Archibald T , Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 21, 1H52.

Logan, William, Bushuell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 8,
1865.

Loucks, Wellington, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Lane, William, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1S61. Discharged June 3, 1862.

Lane, Cyrus, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-emisted as veteran; missing since the battle of
Bentonville.

Mattison, David W.. Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re enlisted as veteran, mustered out.

Morrison, Robert, Bushnell, enlisted Mav 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out Julv 8,
1865.

Montague, Charles, Macomb,.enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Dec. 16, 1861.

McCartiiev. John M.. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July
8, 1865.

Merrick, Charles W., Industry, enlisted May 24, 1861.

McCnrdy, Martin. Industry, enlisted May 24, 161. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 8.
1865.

Overstreot, William H., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Price, Miles. Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Aug. 2, 1862.

Prentice, William H., Bushnell. enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; transferred to 1st
I". S. Engineer Veteran Volunteer Regiment.

Rutherford, Robert A.. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Oct. 15. 1862.

Sackett, Charles, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Nov. 17, 1861; sentenced court-
martial .

Shannon Aaron, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861, Discharged July 29, 1862.

Slocum, George, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out.

H 14

214 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Speake, Richard H., Bushnell, enlisted May 24,1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; discharged June
10, 1865 : wounded.

Spear, James T., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enliJ>ted as veteran.

Spencer, Benjamin, F., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1801. Discharged July 9, 1862.

Sperry, Oren, Bushnell. enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; died May 31, 1864.

Stainbrook, James H., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
July8, J865.

Strenge, George, Bushnell, enlisted May 24,1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July
8, 1865.

Simmons. Fletcher C., Bushnell, enlisted March 24, 1861. Discharged July 29, 1862.

Shrader. John B., M*comb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 29, 1862.

Taylor, Thomas B., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July
8, 186o.

Taylor, Aluert, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8,
1865.

Thomas, Lloyd, Jr., Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1S61. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July
8, 1865.

Thomas, Able, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 9, 1862.

Thompson, Ellis, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois, Jan. 1, 1864.

Updegraff. Ambrose, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted.

Waters, Charles, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; diett April 24, 1865,
wounded.

Wheeler, George, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; discharged June 30,
1865, wounded.

Wood, Wesley W., Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Transferred to Sixtieth Illinois, Jan. 1, 1864.

William, Benjamin F., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Nov. 30, 1861.

White, Eben, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Promoted Q. M. S. and Captain.

Crowl, John H., Bushnell, enlisted Jan. 28, 1864. Killed at Bentonville March 20, 1865.

Campbell, John T., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 9, 1864. Mustered out.

Clark, Richard J , Macomb, enlisted Feb. 17, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Ellis, Alvin C., Emmet, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864. Mustered out July 8. 1865.

Fox, Hugh, Bethel, enlisted Feb. 6, 1864. Transferred from 101st Illinois ; mustered out July 8,
1865.

Hastings, George F., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 5, 1864. Died April 21, 1865, wounds.

Hamilton, George A., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 5, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Hainline, Nathan T., Emmet, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Kelley, William, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 9, 1864. Discharged June 10, 1865.

Kendrick, James W., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 20, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Keho, Miles, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 1, 1862. From 101st Illinois ; mustered out July 8, 1865.

McDonough, John W., Bushnell, enlisted Jan. 27, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Phillips, Charles A., Macomb, enlisted Jan. 27, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Ragan, William M., Emmet, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

.Smith. Charles W., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 2, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Thomas, Winfleld S., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 23, 1861. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

COMPANY B.

raptain David P. Wells. Macomb, commissioned April 20, 1861. Died April 7, 1862.

First Lieutenant William L. Broaddus, Macomb, commissioned April 20, 1861. Promoted to
captain.

First Lieutenant George W. Ray, Macomb, commissioned May 27, 1865. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Second Lieutenant Abram Rowe, Macomb, commissioned April 20, 1861. Promoted captain of
company C.

Second Lieutenant Elnathan K. Westfall, Bushnell, commissioned Oct. 1, 1861. Promoted first
lieutenant and captain.

Second Lieutenant James A. Chapman. Macomb, commissioned April 7, 1862. Promoted first
lieutenant, captain, and lieutenant colonel.

Second Lieutenant George W. McAllister, Macomb, commissioned June 20, 1862. Promoted first
lieutenant and captain.

Second Lieutenant Benjamin Lowe, Macomb, commissioned July 3, 1862. Term expired April
5, 1865.

Second Lieutenant Gilbert W. Parvin, Macomb, commissioned July 4, 1865. Mustered out July
8, 1865.

First Sergeant Elnathan K. Westfall, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Promoted.

Sergeant Henry Bailey, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Mar. 29, 1862. Promoted.

Sergeant William S. Hendricks, Bardolph, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Sergeant William H. Campbell, Macomb, enlisted May*24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf.,
Jan. 1, 1864.

Corporal Henry W. McAllister, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Promoted.

Corporal James A. Chapman, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Promoted.

Corporal Alexander I). Hail, Macomb, enlisted May, 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf.,

Corporal William II. Walker, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf.,
Jan. 1, 1864.

Corporal James M. Eyre, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Died Sept, 19, 1862.

Corporal William Powers, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Died Oct. 15, 1862.

Wagoner Samuel Manholland, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Jan .
1, 1864.

Allerd, Jeremiah, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July 8,
1865.

Bates, Edward, Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Discharged March 29, 1862.

Buchanan, Robert A.. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
July 8. 1865.

Brink, Thomas, Macomb, enlisted May 21,1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Jan. 1, 1864.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 215

Dillon, James I.. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 18fil. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8,
wounds.

Farrier, Charles I., Industry, enlisted JMay 24, 1801.

Gill, John, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Hogue, George P., Macomb, enlisted Ma\ 24, 18*31. Discharged Oct. 1, 1861.

Hammer, William B., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July
8. 1865.

Jellison. James, Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Discharged March 29, 1862.

Jones, Perry C., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois ; mustered out July
2.".. 1664.

Jones, Isaac X., Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted ; mustered out
July 8. 1865.

Kipling, Thomas. Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Keener. Henry H.. Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Jan. 1, 1864.

Lowe, Benjamin, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Promoted.

Lay ton. Henry C., Macomb. enlisted May 24. 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Jan 1, 1864.

Miller, William X., Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July
>. 1 >*'>">.

McGraw, Thomas. F., Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Julv
S, 1865.

McCampbell. James I., Industry, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
July 8, 1865.

Pile. William S.. Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861.

Parr, James. Macomb, enlisted May 24/1861. Re-enlisted as veteran : mustered out July 8, 1865.

Parvin, Gilbert T., Bardolph, enlisted May 24, 1861. Ke-enlisted as veteran ; promoted; mustered
out July 8. I

Rugh, Joseph, Bushnell, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 1865.

Ritchey, Simon. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861, Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July S,
1865.

Ray, George W., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1.861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted; mustered
out JulyS, IftCo.

Slater, Isaac O.. Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 9. 1862.

Smith, John W.. Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1801. Transferred to 60th Illinois Jan. 1,1864.

Starr, Oscar P.. Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Discharged Sept. 8, 1862.

Smithers, Joseph, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8,

Strickler, Robert P., Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; musterea out Jalv
8, i.xv>.

Thompson, Julius G.. Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged April 19, 1862.

Truitt, Lafayette, Blandinsville, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran: transferred to
1st U. S. Engineer corps.

Tordy, James A., Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Walker. William P.. Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged May 18, 1862.

Wolf. John W.. Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf., Jan. 1, 1864.

Wovely. John. Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf., Jan. 1, 1864.

Wetherhold. George. Macomb. enlisted May 24. 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Inf., Jan. 1, 1864.

Yocum. Sylvester, Macomb, enlisted May 24. 1861. Died May 4, 1862.

Campbell, Alex. B.. Industry, enlisted Mar. 17, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Dillon, Andrew J., Macomb. enlisted Feb. 8. 1864. Discharged Aug. 16, 1864, wounded.

Green, William C., Macomb, July 2, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; killed at Resaca, Ga.. May
15. 1864.

Myrick. Myron N.. Bardolph. enlisted June 1. 1861. Discharged Mar. 29. 1862.

Nebergall, Andrew .1. C. s.. Mncomb, enlisted Feb. 9, 1864. Mystered out July 8, 1865.

Toland. Isaac. Macomb, enlisted Feb. 10, 1864. Veteran ; died April 12, 1865.

COMPANY C.

ain George W Patrick. Colchester, commissioned May 14. 1S61. Mustered out Sept. 25, 1861.
Captain Abram Rowe, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 25, 1861. Term expired Dec. 30, 1864 :
Avounded.

First Lieutenant Edwin Moore, Colchester, commissioned July 26, 1861. Promoted Major 21st

uri.

First Lieutenant James Donaldson. Colchester, commissioned June 27, 1862. Killed luly 17, 1864.
First Lieutenant Pelatiah Wilson. Bethel, commissioned Dec. 30. 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865 .
Second Lieutenant Edwin Moore, Colchester, commissioned May 14. 1861. Promoted.
First Sergeant Ebenezer Rhodes, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged May 24, 1862.
Sergeant Sylvester C. Gilbert, Bethel, enlisted May 24. 1*61. Discharged Nov. 30, 1861.
Sergeant James Donaldson, Colchester, enlisted May 24. 1861. Promoted.

ant Andrew J: Duncan, Bethel, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 19, 1862.
Sergeant Pelatiah Wilson, Bethel, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted.
Corporal James M. Johnson, Bethel, enlisted May 24. 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois, Jan.

Corporal John P. Humbert, Colchester, enlisted May 24. 1%1. Discharged March 1, 1862.
Corporal Edward Wilson, Colchester, enlisted Mav 24. 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois, Jan.

1. lN>4.

Corporal Richard Bets ton, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Corporal Don. C. Salisbury, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois, Jan.

Corporal Richard Robert, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois, Jan. 1 ,

Corporal William Wilson, Middletown, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Sept. 26, 1862.
Fifer. William S. Johnson, Bethel, enlisted May 24, "18^1. Discharged July 8, 1865.
Wagoner. Isaac AlLshire, Colchester, enlisted May 24th, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered
out July 8. 1865.

216 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Barnett. James. Colchester, 'enlisted May 24. 1861. Transferred to 60th, 111. Jan. 1, 1864.

Barnett, Edward, Bethel, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted veteran, discharged July, 5-, 1865.

Dalton, James, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Di ^charged Oct. 1, 1861.

Fritz, Charles S., Colchester, enlisted May 24. 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, Transferred to 1st r.
S. E. V. V.

Hendricks, Benjamin, Bethel, enlisted May 24, 1861. Died March 1, 1862.

Johnson. Alexander M., Bethel, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Lane, Wilson, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th 111. Jan. 1, 1861.

Leary, Patrick J., Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-eiJisted as veteran, mustered out July
8, 1865.

McGrew, George W., Bethel, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th 111. Jan. 8, 1864.

Newland, Frederick, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th 111. Jan. 8, 1864.

Smithwait, Jonn, Colchester, enlisted May 24. 1861. Died Jan. 7, 1862.

Thorp, James, Colchester, enli&ted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 8.
1865.

Taylor, John, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 25, 1861, sentenced by court
martial.

Taylor, Richard, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Deserted Oct. 12, 1861.

Tories, Walker, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged July 25, 1861, sentenced by court
martial.

Tuttle, Charles G., Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July
8, 1865.

Turner, Henry, Colchester, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July, 8,
1865.

Watts, Hiram, Colchester, enlisted May 24. 1861.

Young, Robert, Colchester, enlisted, May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted ; mustered
out July 8, 1865.

Barrett, Samuel D., Colchester, enlisted Feb, 4, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Brunduge, Daniel, Colchester, enlisted Feb. 4. 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Bagbie, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

llobart, Lewis, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 13, 1861. Discharged Aug. 13, isw.

Lane, William B., Cochester, enlisted Dec. 9. 1861. Discharged Aug. 10, 1862.

Nutall, William, Colchester, June 2, 1861. Discharged Feb. 2, 1862.

Scott, John, Macomb, Dec. 9, 1861. Discharged Nov. 25, 1862.

Slater, Thomas, Colchester, Feb. 15, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

COMPANY D.

Carter, Smith W., Blandinsville, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged June 24, 1861.
Webster, ELezar, Prairie City, May 24, 1861.

COMPANY G.

Cannon, William, Macomb, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July <s
1865.

Currier, Elon, Prairie City, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8,
1865.

Lester, Cyrus, Macomb. enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; deserted June 3, 1864.

Wyatt, Samuel, Industry, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8,
1865.

Burson, lessie A., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 18, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Newell, Jacob, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 18, 1864. Died March 7, 1864.

Pontious. David, New Salem, enlisted Mar. 9, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Steel, William, New Salem, enlisted Mar. 9, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

Swartz, Benjamin, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 18, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

COMPANY I

Freeland, Snyder, Colchester, May 11. 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 8, 1865 r
as sergeant
Runkle, Joseph, Industry, enlisted Feb. 16, 1864. Mustered out July 8, 1865.

COMPANY K.

Corey, Silas G., New Salem, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Infantry.
Cooper, John M., New Salem, enlisted May 24, 1861. Transferred to 60th Illinois Infantry.
Johnson, Thomas J., New Sale, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged May 20, 1862.
Rigney, John H., New Salem, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged Nov. 7, 1861.
Tipton, James, New Salem, enlisted May 24, 1861.

Conley, John, New Salem, enlisted May 24, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July L> ,
1865, as corporal.

VanSlyke, Daniel, New Salem, enlisted May 24, 1861. Discharged April 23, 1862.
Maxwell, John C., Industry, enlisted Mar. 9, 1864.
Veal, John S., Hire Township, enlisttd Mar. 22, 18C4. Rejected.

SEVENTEENTH INFANTRY.

COMPANY C.

Douglas, Royal, Prairie City, enlisted May 25, 1861. Discharged May 11, 1862 ; corporal.
Hendryx, William, Prairie City, enlisted May 25, 1861.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 217

Mnrry. William, Prairie City, enlisted May 25. 1861. Died Oct. 31. 1861.
Sanford, Sylvester, Prairie City, enlisted May 25, 1861.
still. K. D." Prairie City, enlisted May 1\ 1861.
Demitz. Earnest, Prairie City, enlisted May 25, 1861.

EIGHTEENTH INFANTRY.

COMPANY F.

Corporal George P. Norton, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 21, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865.
Musician Edward P. Vail. Emmet, enlisted Feb. 20, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865.
MeClure, James P.. Macomb. enlisted Feb. 22, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865, as corporal.
Waggle, Jasper S., Bethel, enlisted Feb. 21, 1865. Absent sick at muster out.

COMPANY I.

Corporal William L. Brooks. New Salem, enlisted Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865.

Corporal James N. Tedron, New Salem, enlisted Mar. 1, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1665.

Daniels, Daniel L., New Salem, enlistad Mar. 7. 1S65. Mustered out Sept. 4, 1865.

Ellis, Isaac W.. New Salem, enlisted Mar. 8, 1865, Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865.

Ervin, James D.. New Salem, enlisted Mar. 9, 1865. Died at Little Rock, May 9, 1865.

Hubbard, William. New Salem, enlisted Mar. 8, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865.

Hall, Edward, New Salem, enlisted Mar. 15. 1865. Mustered out June 16, 1865.

Johnson, George M.. New Salem, enlisted Mar. 1, 1865. Deserted Sept. 27, 1865.

Messick, David H.. New Salem, enlisted Mar. 8, 1865. Died at Memphis, April 10, 1865.

Snyder, Alvin A.. Tennessee, enlisted Mar. 7, 1865. Mustered out Dec. 16, 1865.

Tedron, M.. Now Salem, enlisted Feb. 27, 1865. Mustered out May 11, 186-=v.

AVoods, William H., New Salem, enlisted Mar. 15, 1865. Died at Camp Butler, Mar. 24, 1865.

TWENTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY.

ROSTER OF OFFICERS.

Lieutenant Colonel Louis H. Waters, Macomb. commissioned Aug. 22, 1861. Resigned Jan. 10,
1 *62 ; disability. Re-enlisted in service as Colonel 84th.

Quartermaster Hugh Ervin. Macomb, commissioned Aug. 27, 1861. Resigned Jan. 31, 1862.
Quartermaster Arthur G. Burr, Macomb, commissioned Feb. 1, 1862. Promoted by the President.
Quartermaster Richard Lawrence, commissioned Sept. 1, 1863. Mustered out Oct. 8, 1864.
Surgeon John Kemper, Industry, commissioned July 26, 1864. Mustered out March 15, 1866.
Sergeant Major Charles E. Waters. Macomb. Promoted Sergeant Majur.
Hospital Steward Robert R. C. Danley. Macomb.
Hospital Steward Albert G. Sullivan," Macomb.

COMPANY D.

Captain Gladden L. Farwell, Macomb, commissioned Aug. 27. 1861. Term expired in 1864.

First Lieutenant John B. Pearson. Macomb, commissioned Feb. 1, 1862. Transferred to Co. D ;
consolidated ; mustered out July 12, 1865.

Second Lieutenant Charles Conover. Maoomb, commissioned Feb. 1, 1862. Resigned Dec. 3, 1862.

Second Lieutenant Andrew W. McGoughy, Industry, commissioned Dec. 3,1862. Killed July 10,
1864.

Second Lieutenant Daniel K. Miller, Industry, commissioned Aug 23, 1865. Promoted ; mustered
out March 15, 1866.

Second Lieutenant Henry H. Henderson, Scotland, commissioned Dec. 16, 1865. Mustered out
}Iarch 15, 1866.

Sergeant Robert Pearson, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 10,1861. Killed at Shil oh, Tenn., April 6, 1862.

Corporal Ezra V. Sayer, Macomb. enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug, 26, 1864 ; term expiied.

Corporal Joseph T. Walker, Industry, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term ex-
pired.

Corporal Joseph Gill, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, Tenn., April 6, 1862.

Corporal Solomon Foster, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 10. 1861. Discharged May 28, 1862 ; disability.

Corporal Elijah Patrick, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran.

Musician Robert D. C. Danley, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Promoted Hospital Steward.

Anderson, John E., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Mustered out Aug. 26, 1864.

Bloss, William, Blandiusville, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Wounded ; transferred to Invalids' Corps,
Oct. 21, 1S63.

Blackford, Isaac, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26. 1864 : term expired.

Brant, Abraham, Industry, enlisted Aug. 10, 1S61, Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out March

Courtright, Van. H., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864; term expired;
wounded.

Connan, William. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; on furlough at mus-
ter out.

Dawson, Richard, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged June 18. 1862; disability.

Freeland, Francis, Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864; term expired;
wounded.

Freeland. Napoleon B.. Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; transferred to Co,
E.; mustered out March 15, 1865.

218 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Freeth, George W., Macomb, enlisted March 10, 1861.

Faulkner, Thomas, Macomb, enlisted March 10, 1861. Wounded at Shiloh ; killed at Jackson r
Miss., July 12, 1863.

Gill, Josiah. Scotland, enlisted March 10, 1861. Pied at Natchez, Miss., Oct. 12, 1863.

Gordon, John, Macoinb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out March 15,
1866.

Hardesty, William. Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Died at Natchez. Miss., Sept. 1, 1863.

Hobart, Edwin L., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; transferred to-
colored regiment.

Hillyer, Lambert, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired.

Hillyer. Isaac C., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Nov. 10, 1862 ; wounded.

Hawk, Samuel, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out March 15,
1866.

Hoyt, Lucian. Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged June 17. 1862 ; wounded.

Keller, William, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Wounded at Hatchie ; discharged March 6.

tfiAO

Long, Albert, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10. 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out March 15,

^Laughlin, John W., Industry, enlisted Ang. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired.

Matheuy. William H., IJushhell, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; died at Natchez,
March 10, 1864.

Menzies, Walter, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Ditcharged Aug. 26, 1864, term expired.

Metts, Clinton, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Deserted April 6, 1862.

Milligan, Albert, Macomb. enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862.

McGee, Samuel R., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Mar.
15, 1866, wounded.

Nichols, Seymore, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Wounded at Hatchie. Oct. 5, 1862 ; died of
wounds.

Penrose. Henry W r ., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Died at Memphis, Aug. 5, 1862.

Pierce, Frank, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26. 1864: term expired.

Russell, Josephus T., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired ;.

Smithers, Thomas J., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Mar. 25, 1862; disability.

Simmons. Rowen L., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; wounded at Span-
ish Fort.

Sharp, Samuel, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864; term expired; wounds.

Shepherd Solomon R., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862.

Penrose, John F., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired.

Spencer, Richard, Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired.

Smith, John, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 26, 1864 ; term expired.

Teas, George H., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862

Twitchell, William, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Missing since the battle of Shiloh. ,

Welch, Azro B., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Discharged May 25, 1862 ; disability. .

Welch, James M., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862 ; corporal.

Wayland, Elijah Q. A., Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 10, 1861. Transterred to Invalids corps, Oct. 22,
1863; wounds.

Warren, Francis L., Hire, enlisted Aug. 10. 1861. Died at Pittsburg Landing, April 15, 1862.

Welch, Sylvester B., Hire, enlisted Dec. 21, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; must'd out Mar. 15, 1866.

Carter, James L., Macomb, enlisted June 25, 1864. Died at Brownsville. Texas, Nov. 25, 1865.

Gordon, James A., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 12, 1864. Mustered out Mar. 15, 1866.

Heath, &. A., Industry, enlisted June 25, 1864. On furlough on muster out of regiment.

Kearns, Marion, Bushnell, enlisted June 25. 1864. Mustered out Mar. 15, 1866.

Plotts, Joseph C., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 5, 1861. Died at Fort Holt, Ky., Nov. 22, 1862.

Broaddus, Edward L., Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 28, 186b.

Gordon, Benjamin F., Walnut Grovs, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 28, 1866.

Jellison, Zimri, Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865. Mustered out Feb. 28, 1866.

Keller, Joseph, Macomb, enlisted June 5, 1864. Discharged to enlist in 1st U. 8. artillery.

COMPANIES A AND B, DRAFTED AND SUBSTITUTES.

Patrick, John R., New Salem, Oct. 25, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 24, 1865.
Brothers, Albert, Eldorado, Oct. 8, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 7, 1865.
Seward, John A., Eldorado, Oct. 8, 1864. Mustered out June 20, 1865,
Taylor, Henry L., Eldorado, Oct. 8, 1864. Mustered out Oct. 7, 1865.

COMPANY K.

First Sergeant Ellis S. Stokes, New Salem, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866.
Corporal Thomas W. Blackston, Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866.
Corporal Josaph A. Thornburg, Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866..
Barker, James, Walnut Grove, enlisted March 9, 1865. Mustered out March 25, 1865.
Davis, James R., Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1865. Died at Brownsville, Texas, Aug. 30, 1865.
Edmunson, William D., Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866.
Nergeman, Henry, New Salem, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866.
Nichols Alvinus W.. New Salem, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866.
Phillips, Martin, Lamoine. enlisted March 14, 1865. Died at Brownsville, Texas, Nov. 6, 1865,
Scott, Theodore H., Mound, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered outM arch 14, 1866.
White, Marcus. Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14. 1866.
Young, Ralph J., Lamoine, enlisted March 14, 1865. Mustered out March 14, 1866.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 219

THIRTIETH INFANTRY.

COMPANY B.

Wagoner, Jacob, Moi nl, enlisted Oct. -\ i,v<>4: m istered out July 17. 1865.
Wheeler, Benjamin > ., Emmet, enlisted Oct. 6, 1S64; mustered out July 17, 186?.

FIFTIETH IXFAXTRY.

COMPANY D.

McManigle. William R., Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 18, 1861; mustered out Sept. 27, 1834, as serg't.
Willis, John J., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 4, 1861; discharged Aug. 16, I,H}_>.

COMPANY F.

Clarke, ThaddeusS., Macomb, enlisted Oct. 1, 1861: discharged April 2, 1862: disability.

COMPANY (i.

Evans, William H., Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 10, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July

13, 1865.

Ewalt, Nicholas, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 18, 1861; mustered out Oct. 7, 1864, term expired.
McManimie, Winchester. Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 1, 1861; mustered out Sept. 27, 1864.
McManimie, Marion A., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 6, 1861; mustered out Oct. 7, 1864.
Myers, Noah, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 161; discharged June 21, 1862 ; disability.
Perkey, Daniel, Tennessee, enlisted Oct. 17, 1861; mustered out Oct. 19, 1864.
Atherton, Finley B , Macomb, enlisted Feb. 22. 1864; mustered out July 13, 1865.
Strode, Jessie B., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 22, 1864; mustered out July IS. 1865 ; promoted.

FIFTY-FIFTH IXFAXTRY.

ROSTER OF OFFICERS.

Lieutenant Colonel Milton L. Haney, Bushnell, commissioned July 3, 1864; mustered out Dec. 2,
1J>1.

Major Giles F. Hand, Prairie City, commissioned July 12, 1865; mustered out August 14, 1865.
Chaplain Miiton L. Haney, Bushnell, commissioned October 31, 1861; promoted.

COMPANY F.

Captain Milton L. Haney. Bushnell. commissioned October 31, 1861; promoted.
First Lieutenant Joshua R. Bentou, Bushnell, commissioned Oct. 31, 1863; commission declined
and cancelled.
First Lieutenant David N. Holmes, Bushnell, commissioned May 19, 1865; mustered out Aug.

14, 1865.

Second Lieutenant Joseph W. Parks, Bushnell, commissioned October 31, 1861; promoted First
Lieutenant; mustered out Nov. 26, 1862.

Second Lieutenant John B. Johnson, Prairie City, commissioned March 8, 1862; resigned Sept.
3, 1862.

First Sergeant James M. Shreeves, Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 11. 1861; died at Vicksburg, Aug.
19, 1863.

Sergeant George Sanford, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861.

Corporal George H. Rogers, Prairie Citv. enlisted Oct. 7, 1861.

Corporal David M. Crambaugh, Bushnell, enlisted October 7, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; died
April 14, 1865, of wounds.

Corporal Giles F. Hand, Prairie City, enlisted October 7, 1861; promoted First Lieutenant. Cap-
tain and Major.

Musician David J. Matheny, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 7. 1861; mustered out Oct 31, 1864.

Brady, Archibald C, Prairie City, enlisted October 5, 1861.

Booth, William, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 10, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31. 1864.

Benton, Joshua, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 4, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug.
14, 1865

Bane, George, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861: killed on picket. July 14, 1863.

Carnes, "William H., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 8, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14,
1865, sergeant.

Carries, John. Prairie City, enlistedOct.il. 1SG1; re-eniisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14,
1865; wounds.

Crowl, William A., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861.

Crowl, George P., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; discharged.

Dewey, John C., Prairie City. enlLsted Oct. 7. 1861; discharged Jan. 28. 1863, di.'arility.

Dewey, Edwin, Bushuell. enlisted Oct. 12,1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14.
1865, wounds.

Dunlap, LeGrand. Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 21. 1861.

Davis, Lloyd P., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 11. 1*61.

Eads, John, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, l51; dicharged Jan. 2-S 1863, disability .

220 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGII COUNTY.

Ewing, Joseph B , Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 21, 1861: mustered out Oct. 21, 1864.

Fowraker, George W., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 21, 1861; died at Walnut Hills, Miss., June 28,
1863.

Foster, Channing B., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861.

Fugate, Robert M.. Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 3, 1861; died at Memphis, Jan. 14, 1864.

Fleharty. John N., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 8. 1861.

Holmes, David, X., Bushuell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1863; re-enlisted as veteran; promoted to First
Lieutenant.

Hartsook, Daniel, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 186: ; transferred to Invalids corps, Sept. 22, 1863.

Hensley, Samuel H.. Bushnell, enlisted Oct. Oct. 4, 1861; transferred to Co. G., deserted Dec. 20,
1862.

Hendricks, James, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861.

Hartsook, Joseph, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; promoted Sergeant Major.

Hartman, Aaron V., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861.

Hutchins, George W., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861: wounded at Shiloh, April 6, 186'.'.

Hoyt, Oliver J., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; killed at Vicksburg. May 19, 1863.

Inman, Jessie N., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 5, 1861; died at Memphis, Sept. 27, 1862.

Jones, Samuel, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, LS64.

Jameson, Robert S., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864.

Johnson, John A., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. May

Long,' Samuel, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; re-enlisted as Veteran ; discharged March
23, 1865: disability.

Long, George W., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861.

Lybarger, Milton C.. Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 3, 1*61; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864.

Mead, Alfred, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; mustrred out Oct. 31. 1864.

Medaris, Joseph B., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 7, 1861: died at Bushnell, 111., May 2, 1864.

Maxwell, William J., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861.

Medaris, John C., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. li, ISfil.

Miller, George S., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 10, 1861; re-enlisted veteran ; mustered out Aug. 15,
1865. corporal.

Miller, Jacob C., Busline!!, enlisted Oct, 12, 1861; mustered out Oct., 31, 1861.

McComb, Matthew, Prairie City, enlisted October 7, 1861; died at Biidgeport, 111. Dec. 25, 1863.

Moore, Albertson, Prairie City," enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; discharged Jan. 28, 1863; wounds.

McDonald, James, Bushnell, enlisted October 12, 1861; discharged.

Newkirk, George W., Bushnell, enlisted October 8, 1861; mustered out October 31, 1864.

Powers, John, Bushnell, enlisted October 10, 1861; mustered out October 31, 1864.

Putnam, Joseph P, Bushnell, enlisted October 7, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mortally wounded
at Kenesaw Mountain and left on the field, June 27, 1864.

Putnam, John M., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; discharged.

Patterson, Robert S., Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861.

Pennington, Jacob A., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; discharged Jan. 28, 1863; disability.

Potinger, Samuel W., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 21, 1861; transferred to company G; mustered out
Aug. 14,1865.

Penneil, George W., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 16, 1861.

Rogers, Lewis B., Prairie City, enlisted October 7, 1861; discharged Feb. 11, 1863; disability.

Reed, Amenzo. Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; mustered out October 31, 1864.

Rickman, Moses B, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 19, 1861; transferred to company K. Nov. 14, 1861.

Sanford Jacob, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; promoted.

Sanford Amos, Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 10, 1861; promoted in 12th Louisiana volunteers,
Oct. , 1863.

Sanford, Ebenezer, Prairie City, Oct. 11, 1861: mustered out Oct. 31, 1864.

Snapp, William, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; died at Camp Sherman, Miss., Aug. 29, 1863.

Sperling, Lewis W., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 3, 1861; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps May
1, 1864.

Swearingen, Bennett, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
Aug. 14, 1855; sergeant.

Shannon, Alvin, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 3, 1861.

Sperling, Theodore, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out Aug.
14, 1865; sergeant.

Tatman, Edmond, Bushnell, enlisted October 7, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out
Aug 14, 1865.

Thompson, Thomas E, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; mustered out March 26, 1865.

Teithworth, Oliver P., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861.

Wetsel, Daniel W., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 5, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864.

Wetsel, Ahaz B., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864 as corporal.

Winget, Louis, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 6, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14,
1865, corporal.

Wycoff, Daniel L., Bushneli, enlisted Oct . 11, 1861; discharged by order General Grant.

Winters, Augustus, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 11, 1861.

Wilson, J O., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 8, 1861.

King, Lyman B., Prairie City, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861.

Miller, John W., Prairie City. Mustered out Aug. 14, 1865, as corporal.

Osborn, John, Bushnell, enlisted Nov. 27, 1861; mustered out Dec. 30, 1864.

Pattison, W. S., Bushnell. Died Jan. 22, 1SC2.

Perdue, Dallas, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 24. 1864; mustered out Auer. 14, 1865.

Smith, Kellogg J., Prairie City, enlisted Nov. 26, 1861.

COMPANY G.

Sergeant Thomas R. Scott, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 25, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran ; discharged
June 14, 1865 ; disability.

Sergeant H. H. Weaver, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 25, 1861; died at St. Louis, April 8, 1863.
Corporal James B. Murphy, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 24, 1861; killed at Walnut Hills, June 25,

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 221

rporal William J. Eckley, Bushuell. enlisted Sept. 25, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran : died Aug.

; : wounds.

Corporal Steven R. Bell, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 25, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864.
Avers. M. L., Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 25, 1861.
Ball, Harrison, Bushnll, pnlisted Oct. 18, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14,

Brings, W. A., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 16, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Aug. 14,

Baldwin, William G., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 16. 1861; transferred to Invalid Corps Jan. 22, 1864.

Cadwalladtr. M. A., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 25, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864. as corpora).

Coggswell, L. S., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 23, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14,
- corporal.

Emery, J. R., Bu^hnell, enlisted Oct. 4, 1864; re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Aug. 14. 1865.

Ervin. E. P.. Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 8. 1861; re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Oct. 14, 1865,
as corporal.

Eckley, George W., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 23, 1861: died at Camp Sherman, Miss., Aug. 8, 186:*.

Barley, William L., Bushuell, enlisted Oct. 9, 1861; discharged Aug. 1, 1863.

Eckley, James A., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 23, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864.

ritzimmons, Thomas, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 18, 1861: repo.ted as deserter July, 1863.

Gray. James W.. Bushuell, enlisted Oct. 5,1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14,
wounded.

'illespie. James W.. Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 25, 1861.

Hogue, James B., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 14, 1861; re-enlisted as a veteran; mustered out Aug.
14. 1865.

Hogue, William P.. Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 14, 1861.

Hiner. Joseph .. Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 23, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug.
14. 1S65.

Jackson, George W, Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 25, 1861: re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug.
14, 1865.

Lovelace. J. W.. Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 18, 1861

McKaig. R. B., Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 18. 1861.

Mills, David M., Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 25, 1861.

McQeeen, H. B., Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 14. 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug.
14, 1865.

Myers, John H., Bushnell, enlisted Sept. 25, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug.
14. I9d\

Oglesby. Joseph, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 12; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864.

Smith,' W. X., Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 7, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug. 14, 1865.

Sexton, John, Bushuell. enlisted Oct. 4, 1861; died at Camp Sherman, Miss., Aug. 31. 1863.

Williams. Andrew, Bushnell, enlisted Oct. 18, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; discharged Aug. 2.
1%4; disability.

Drake, D. X.. Bushnell, enlisted Xov. 8. 1861; discharged Dec. 31, 1864; term expired.

Moorey. Harvey C.. Bushnell. enlisted Xov. 7, 1863: mustered out Aug. 14, 1865.

Hensley. Samuel F.. Bushnell. enlisted Oct. 4, 1861; deserted Sept., 1862.

COMPANY H.

Downen. John, Industry, enlisted Nov. 6, 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864, as corporal.

Ford. William, Industry, enlisted Nov. 21, 1861.

Kennedy, John. Industry, enlisted Xov. 28, 1861.

Merrick. John. Industry, enlisted Nov. 5. 1861; mustered out Oct. 31, 1864, as corporal.

Randolph. William. Industry. Xov. 6; mustered out Aug. 1, 1865.

COMPANY K.

<"ox. Robert M.. Prairie City, enlisted Oct. 22, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Aug.
as corporal.

FIFTY-SEVEXTH IXFAXTRY.

COMPANY I.

First Lieutenant Martin Hoagland, Bardolph, commissioned July 1, 1865; mustered out July 7.
1 &6o.

Second Lieutenant William S. Hendrlcks, Bardolph, commissioned Dec. 26, 1861; resigned Feb.
13. 1863.

Second Lieutenant John T. Parvin, Bardolph, commissioned July 1, 1865: mustered out July T,
1865.

Anderson. Elijah E.. Bardolph, enlisted Dec. 2, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July
7, 1865, corporal.

Brown, William P., Colmar, enlisted Dec. 16, 1861; died at Colmar, 111.

Hanks, George, Colmar, enlisted Dec. 16, 1861; died at Corinth, Dec. 24, 1862.

Mr-rord, William. Bardolph, enlisted Dec. 5, 1861.

Prfly. David, Bardolph, enlisted Dec. 2, 1S61; mustered out Dec. 25. 1864.

Rabbitt, Robert. Bardolph. enlisted Dec. 2, 1861; re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 7.
1866.

Smith, Richard L.. Bardolph, enlisted Dec. 5, 1861: discharged Sept. 9, 1862.

Smith, Henry, Bardolph, enlisted Dec. 1(5, 1861 ; re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Julv 7,
186.5.

Downey. James, Bardolph, enlisted Jan. 30, 1863; mustered out July 7. 165.

222 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGII COUNTY.

Head, Richard R., Bardolph, enlisted Feb. 21, 1864; mustered out July 7, 18GR.
Jacob, Benjamin F,, Macomb, enlisted March 16, 186-1; mustered out July 7, lSf>~\
McBride, Samuel S., Bardolph, enlisted Feb. 29, 1864; mustered out July" 7. 18( 5.

FIFTY-NINTH INFANTRY.

COMPANY C.

Captain Barzillia M. Veatch, Tennesse, commissioned Aug. 5, 186?. Resigned June 13, 1863.

Captain George R. Stire, Tennessee, commissioned March 28, 18G5. Mustered out Dec. 8, 1865.

First Lieutenant Norman Curtis, Tennessee, commissioned June 13, 18C3. Term expired March
11, 1865.

First Lieutenant John H. Loop, Tennessee, commissioned March 28, 1865. Mustered out Dec.
8, 1865.

Second Lieutenant Heslep Phillips, Prairie City, commissioned April 14, 1862. Resigned April
17, 1863.

Second Lieutenant George R. Stire, Tennessee, commissioned June 13, 1863. Promoted; re-en-
liated as veteran,

Second Lieutent Samuel Purdam, Tennessee, commissioned March 28, 1865. Mustered out Dec.
8, 1865.

Orderly Sergeant Dennis L. Buford, Tennessee. Discharged Sept. 5, 1861. disability.

Sergeant Jefferson G. Eastwood, Tennessee, enlisted July 10. Transferred to Mississippi Marine
Brigade.

Sergeant Joseph H. Bayles, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861 . Discharged April 6, 1863; disability.

Sergeant Joseph Holmes, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged April 8, 1862; disability.

Sergeant Henry R. Turpin, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 17, 1864.

Corporal William H. McElroy, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Transferred to Misiissippi Ma-
rine Brigade.

Corporal Samuel Purdam, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered
out Dec. 8, 1865.

Corporal William A. Blume, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Killed at Perryville, Ky., Oct.
8, 1862.

Corporal George Iseminger, Tennessee, July 10, 1861. Discharged February 14, 1863; disability.

Corporal Norman Curtis, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Promoted First Lieutenant.

Corporal Heslip Phillip, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Promoted principal musician.

Corporal John W. Leager, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged May 26. 1862; disability.

Musician Charles Veatch, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged May 26, 1862; disability.

Musician Alison G. Weir, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Oct 29, 1861; disability.

Wagoner Samuel S. Bennett, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Jan. 6, 1862, dis-
ability.

Alsop, William B., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Jan. 1, 1862 ; disability.

Asendorf, Henry, Tenness-ee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisied as veteran ; deserted March, 1864.

Barnum, Henry, Tenessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged March 9, 1862; disability.

Brinay, Chriest, Tennessee, enlisted J uly 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; died July 29, 1864 ;
wounds.

Bell, George W., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8,
1865.

Beals, Jessie W., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8,
1865, as sergeant.

Grants, George, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran : mustered out Dec. 8,
1865.

Chung, Jackson W., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Deserted Aug. 27, 1864.

Cumbal, Francis, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Deserted May 22, 1862.

Cochran, James, Tennessee, enlisted July 18, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; killed at Nashville,
Dec. 16, 186 1.

Chusy, John, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8. 1865.

Chute, Abraham G., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Died at Springfield, Mo., Nov. 6, 1861.

Dillon, James, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 17. 1864.

Dobbs, Henry, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enJisted as veteran; mustered out Dec. 8,
1865.

Doughton, Andrew, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Oct. 12, 1862 ; disability.

Dorsey, William M., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec.
8, 1865.

Eastwood, George W., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
Dec. 8, 1865

Eilenge, James M., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; promoted to quarter-
master sergeant.

Emeil, William H., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Killed at Perryville, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862.

Erens, William, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Dishonorably discharged March 19, 1862.

Gordon, Charles W., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Dishonorably discharged March IS*, 1862.

Green, Washington, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 17. 1864.

Gauf, Samuel T., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Transferred to Mississippi Marine Brigade
Feb. 11, 1863.

Gallegher, Thomas, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Jan. 3, 1863; disability.

Hoyt, Joel, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged March 18, 1863.

Herr, George W,, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, lft6L. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8,
1865.

Jacob, Samuel J., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec. 8,
1855.

Jarvis, William H., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Killed at Perry v-iUe, Ky., Oct. 8, 1862.

Jarvis, Gilbert, Tennessee, enlisted July 10/1861. Transferred to Invalid Corps July 1, 1863.

HISTORY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY. ' 223

James, Charles, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Transferred to Mississippi Marine Brigade Feb.

Loflam, Eugene, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Feb. 6, 1863.

Loup, John H., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 18S1. Promoted to Commissary Sergeant ; re-enlisted
as veteran ; promoted to First Lieutenant.

Loge, Nathan, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Died at Inka, Miss.. Aug. 19, 1862.

Lawyer, Tnomas, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1S61. Killed at Perryyille. Ky., Oct. 8, 1862.

Loftis. William, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Died at Mound City, 111., Aug. 6, 1863.

Mourning, John M., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Died at Lebanon. Mo., Feb. 10, 1863.

McGoram, Thomas, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dee.
8, 1865.

Melvin, Thomas J., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec.
8. 1865.

Murphy, James, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Died March 18, 1862, wounds.

Mullen, Michael, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Feb. 3, 1862, disability.

McTiegh. Michael. Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Deserted June 25, 1863.

Morris, Willard, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Dec.
8, 1865, promoted.

Norman, George E.. Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Killed at Rocky Face Ridge, May 11, 1864.

Nelson, Benjamin. Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec.
8. 1865.

Nelson, William, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Sergeant died Dec. 1, 1863, wounds.

Olive, Richard, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged Dec. 26, 1862, disability.

Purdarn, Mesach, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out Dec.
8, 1864.

Phiver. Louis, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; deserted Aug. 25, 1864.

Painter, James H., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Deserted Sept. 20, 1862.

Spencer, Joseph. Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out Dec. 8.
1865.

Shanklin, John, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 17, 1864.

Stilson. Nicodernus, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 161. Re-enlisted as veteran; transferred to
1st U. S. Engineer, Aug. 24, 1864.

Sullivan, JoshuaH., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
Dec. 8, 1865.

Sheets, James H., Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Killed at Stone river, Dec. 31, 1862.

Trolock, Thomas, Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Discharged June 6. 1862. disability.

Torhouse, Henry. Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; died Deo. 16. 1364.

Tally, William. Tennessee, enlisted July 10, 1861. Mustered out Sept. 17. 1864.

Purdam, Francis M., Chahnens, enlisted March 7, 1865. Mustered out July 18, 1865.

SIXTY-SECOXD IXFAXTRY.

COMPANY I.

Corporal Jacob Pruat, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 1, 1862. Discharged Sept. 8, 1862; disability.
Abbot, Joshua, Industry, enlisted Feb. 1, 1862. Deserted May -28, lN)J.

Cordell, James, Industry, enlisted Feb. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as vet.; mustered out Mar. 6, 1866.
David, John F., Industry, enlisted Feb. 1, 1862, Discharged Mar. 27, 1863: disability.
Flack, Alexander, Industry, enlisted Feb. 1, 1862. Mustered out May 2, 1865.
Reno, Alexander, Industry, enlisted Feb. 1, 1862. Re-enlisted as vet. ; mustered out Feb. 6, 1866.
Black, Richards., Industry, enlisted Mar. 18, 1865. Trausierred to Co. G; mustered out Feb.
18. 1866.

Peak, Patrick, Industry, enlisted Aug. 28, 1862. Transferred to G ; mustered out Aug. 2, 1865.
Peak, William, Industry, enlisted Dec. 9, 1863. Transferred to Co. G ; discharged May 23, 186*.
Tatham, W. H., Industry, enlisted Dec. 29, 1863. Mustered out Mar. 6, 1866.

COMPANY H.

Belleville, Jacob N., Prarie City, enlisted Jan. 5, 1864. Transferred to Co. A ; mustered out Mar.
6, 1866.

UNASSIGNED RECRUITS.

Dixon, John. Macomb.
Frank, Marion, Macomb.
White, Charles W., Macomb.
Williams. Moses J., Macomb.

SIXTY- FOURTH iXFAXTRY.

COMPANY A.

Abbott, Geo. W.. Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 9, 1861. Deserted August 18, 1862.

Anderson, Joseph, Colchester, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July
11, 1865.

Blanchard. William, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 9, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July
11. 1865.

Cochran, Stephen D. , Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861.

Clayton. Francis M., Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 4. 1861. Discharged Jan. 30, 1865 ; disability.

Dinwiddie, Robert, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 13. Ib61. Discharged Oct. 13. 1862: disability.

224 HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY.

Douglas, Louis, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 23, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11,

i;6>.

Delay. Jacob, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 4, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17, 18G2 ; disability.

Francis, Homer. Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 23, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17. 1862 ; disability.

Fuller, Josiah, Tennessee, enlisted Sept. 25, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11,
1865.

Griffin, Asa F., Colchester, enlisted Dec. 13, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11,
1865, corporal.

Hall, Ricbnrd, Tennessee, enlisted Pec. 13, 1861 ; mustered out Jan. 21, 1865.

Hill, William, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11^
1865.

Hume, James M., Colchester, enlisted December 13, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, promoted com.
isergeant.

Hutchinson, William A., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17, 1862; disability.

Jennings, Herndon, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861. Mustered out June 2, 1865; prisoner of war.

Johnson, Sydney M., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861, Discharged July 19, 1862; disability.

Keithley, David, Blandinsville, enlisted Nov. 23, 1861. Mustered out June 26, 1865.

Lower, John, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861. Discharged Sept. 28, 1862 ; disability.

Newton, Joseph, Colchester, enlisted Nov. 23, 1861.

Nelson. James, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 4, 1861. Discharged Oct. 26, 1862; disability.

Patterson, Joseph, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 23, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July
11, 1865, musician.

Peck, Oron, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 13, 1861.

Ramsey, George W., Colchester, enlisted Dec. 13, 1861. Died at Jackson, Tenn., Sept. 8, 1862.

Rouse, George, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861.

Steel, Nelson, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 4, 1861.

Stephens, James, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 14, 1861. Discharged Mar. 17, 1862; disability.

Spyva, And. Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 20, 1861. Deserved at St. Louis.

Simmons, James, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17, 1862 ; disability.

Shippey, Daniel R., Colchester, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out
June 11, 1865.

Tolman, John W., Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out June
11, 1865.

Underbill, Lodowick, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 13, 1861. Discharged Sept. 20, 1862 ; disability.

Way, Charles, Tennessee, enlisted Nov. 4, 1861. Re-enli.'ted as vet. ; absent sick at muster out.

Averill, Charles W , Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 17, 1864. Mustered out July 11, 1865.

ochrane, Stephen I)., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 29, 1864. Mustered out July 11, 1865.

Nance, Frederick, Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 17, 1864. Mustered out July 11, 1865.

Parker, Henry, Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 10, 1862.

COMPANY D.

Captain George W. Reid, Macomb, commissioned Dec. 23, 1862. Promoted from 2d lieutenant
to 1st ; mustered out at expiration of term of service.

First Lieutenant Duncan Reid, Macomb, commissioned June 20, 1862. Promoted from 2d lieu-
tenant ; term expired April 9, 1865.

Hospital Steward Thomas W. Kellough, Macomb. enlisted Dec. 31, 1863. Must'd out July 11, 1865.

Sergeant Andrew J. Creel, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17, 1862; disability.

Sergeant Zimri Parvin, Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Discharged Sept. 17, 1862 ; disability.

Corporal Benjamin Purkey, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Discharged Oct. 15, 1862 ; disability.

Corporal Andrew Kellough, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Killed near Corinth, May 8, 1862.

Corporal William Musson, Colchester, enlisted Nov. 1,1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered
out July 11, 1865.

Butler, William N., Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July
11, 1865.

Done, Thomas E., Colchester, enlisted Dec. 10, 1861. Discharged Aug. 10, 1862 ; disability.

Jacobs, John W., Macomb, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Mustered out Dec. 24, 1864.

Jacobs, William R., Macomb, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Died at Glendale, Miss., Oct. 1, 1863.

Luddon, David H., Colchester, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Mustered out Dec. 24, 1864, as 1st sergeant.

Litchfield, John, Macomb, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Discharged Oct. 16, 1862, as sergeant; disability.

Lyons, James, Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Died at home, July 28, 1862.

Mercer, George S., Macomb, enlisted Dec. 1, 1861. Discharged July 7, 1862; disability.

Walker, Henry E., Bardolph, enlisted Nov. 1, 1861. Discharged Sept. 29, 1863; disability.

Brown, Charles, Macomb. Discharged August 27, 1862 ; disability.

Brown, James A., Chalmers, enlisted March 7, 1865. Mustered out July 11, 18"65.

Hobart, Francis, Colchester, enlisted Feb. 7, 1864. Mustered out July 11, 1865.

Kellough, Richard, Chalmers, enlisted Feb. 14, 1864. Mustered out July 11. 1865.

Litcbfield, George, Chalmers, enlisted Jan. 2, 1864. Mustered out July 11, 1865.

Musson, Austin L., Colchester, enlisted Feb. 18, 1864. Mustered out July 11. 1865.

Stokes, Samuel B., Chalmers, enlisted Jan. 2, 1864. Died at Decatur, Ala., May 15, 1864.

Wiley, Lewis H., Chalmers, enlisted Jan. 4, 1864. Mustered out June 2, 1865.

Winslow, Charles F., Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 17, 1864. Killed near Atlanta, Ga., July 22, 1864.

Wiley, Cornelius D., Chalmers, enlisted Feb. 24. 1865. Mustered out July 11, 1865.

Roberts, Adam, Macomb, enlisted Dec. 28. Discharged, Aug. 25, 1862; disability.

COMPANY E.

Rouse, Isaac M., Colchester, enlisted December 22, 1861. Discharged June 28, 1862. disability.
Walter, P>hard, Macomb, Dec. 26, 1861. Re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 11, 1865.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.
COMPANY F.

Brown Charles, Macomb, enlisted Dec. 29, 1861. Discharged; disability.

avnes Jonathan, Macomb, enlisted December 26. 1861. Died at St. Lorn*, July 3, 1862.
Haskins Benjamin, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 28, 1861. Mustered out Jan. 23, 1865.

oberts ' Adam, Macomb, enlisted Dec. 28. 1861. Discharged; disability.
RalBton! Jessie R , Macomb, enlisted Dec. 10, 1861. Discharged Jan. 10, 1865; term expired
Dickersou, Charles, Colchester, enlisted Jan. 8, 1862. Re-enlisted as veteran ; discharged Jan. 10 r

Cnug Win. H., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 24, 1864; mustered out July 11. 1865.

Dixou John, Colchester, enlisted Jan. 3, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran; discharged Jan. 10, 1865.

Fair William Chalmers, enlisted March 7, 1865; ied at Roanoke, S. C., March 31, 1865.

Dutton William, Colchester, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862.

Frank Marion F., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862; re-enisted as veteran, promoted

ihnson John M., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862; discharged July 23, 1863; disability.
Kirkpatrick, William, Colchester, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862; died.
Lloyd, John V., Colmar, enlisted Jan. 1, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11.

irning John W., Tennessee, enlisted March 25, 1864; mustered out July 11, 1865.
Martin, Charles, Tennessee, enlisted J.tn. 1<462; discharged Aug. 21, 1862; disability.
Powell! James, Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July 11,

erts, Elmore, Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7,1862; re-enlisted as veteran, mustered out July ll f

Roberts, Chauncy, Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862.

ftowe Louis P.. Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7. 1862; discharged Sept. 4, 1862; disability.

Wilson, Thomas M., Colchester, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July

1 Vmiams, Moses J., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran; mustered out July 11.

Henrr W.. enlisted Jan. 7, 1861; discharged June 14, 1862; disability.
White, Charles W., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1862; re-enlisted as veteran ; mustered out July 11.
1865

Enoch, Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 7, 1861; discharged Feb. 17, 1862, disability.

SEVEXTY-SECOKD INFANTRY.

COMPANY G.

Cecil Henrv A., Lamoine. enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 1865.

Ewin'g, William, Colmar, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged June 30, 1863 ; disability.

Jenkins, Joseph, Colmar, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; absent, prisoner of war, at muster out of regi-

Jenkins, Thomas, Colmar, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out July 15, 1865.
Jarvis, John M., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13. 1862; mustered out May 27 1865.
Jarvis, Garrett J. D., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; discharged for promotion m 5otn U.
S. C. Infantry ; Lieutenant ; killed at Fort Blakely, April 9, 1865. .
Morris, Harmon F., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862: died at Paducah, Oct. 9, 1862.

______ as corporal.

Fetere, Peter! Tennessee, enlist :ed~Aug""l4T 1862; died at Selma, Ala , July 26, 1865.
Rovce John W , Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; died at Columbus, Ky., Oct. 21, 1863.
Bpurlock, Lewis I., Tennessee, enlisted Aue. 13, 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 1865.
Smith, Markcay. Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 186o.
McElvain, George W., Walnut Grove, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 186o.

COMPANY I. ,

Corporal John C. Murray. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: mustered out Aug. 7, 1865.

Bartlett, Hiram M.. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 186o.

Brannan, Patrick, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; killed at Franklin, lenn., Nov. 30, 1864.

Cole Samuel D. Prairie City, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: transferred to Invalid Corps, Aug. 5, 1863.

Cooper, Cvrus, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: mustered out Aug. 7, 18(15.

Fordham," John, Bushuell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; transferred to Co. D; absent sick at muster

McElvain, George W., Walnut Grove, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; transferred to Co. G; mustered out

Marose, Daniel R., Prairie 'City, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: mustered out Aug. 7.1865.

Miller, John W,. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged Feb. 12, 1863: disability.

Neglv, John F., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged Jan. 29, 1863; disability

Sanders Anthony, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged March 14, 1863; disability.

Wilson, Curtis B., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; mustered out Aug. 7, 1865.

Negly, John F., Bushnell, enlisted Nov. 18, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry ; mustered

ShrevesT Henry S., Bushnell, enlisted Nov. 18, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; must-
Wilson* William, Bushnell, enlisted Nov. 18, 1863; transfered to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered

Wilson, Amost Bushuell, enlisted Nov. 18, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered
out Nov. 24, 1865.

226 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

SEVENTY-EIGHTH IXFANTRY.

ROSTER OF OFFICERS.
Colonel Carter Van Vleck, Macomb, commissioned Jan. 9, 1864 ; died Aug. 23, 1864 ; wounded at

Major William L. Broaddus, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 15, 18G2; killed Sept. 20, 1863.
\djutant Charles V. Chandler, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 20, 1862; resigned April 3, 1864.
Surgeon Thomas M. Jordon, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned April 5. 1863.
Second Assistant Surgeon Durham M. Creel, Industry, commissioned March 24, 1864: mustered

Chaplain Robert F. Taylor, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 7, 1862; resigned July 8, 1863.
Sergeant-Major Charles V. Chandler, Macomb, commissioned Aug. 14, 1862; promoted Second

Sergeant-Major Harman Veatch, Tennessee, commissioned Aug. 15, 1862; promoted Second Lieu-
Principal 'Musician Daniel M. Carroll, Industry, commissioned Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out

Principal Musician Reuben L. Maynard, Industry, commissioned August 11, 1862; absent sick at
muster out of Regiment.

COMPANY A.

Brundage, George W., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; 'discharged Aug. 24, 18<i3 ; disability.

Brundage, James, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as corporal.

Fugate, Martin V.. Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11,1862; killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863.

Fugate Samuel H., Bethel, enlisted Aug.ll, 1862; died Resaca, Ga., May 17, 1864, wounded.

Frisby. Abraham, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1875.

Husted, Talmon, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; transferred to V. R. C.

Scott, Amos, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; promoted to First Lieutenant.

Toland, Solomon, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; killed at Chickamauga Sept. 20, 1863.

Toland, William. Bethel, Aug, 15, 1862; discharged Feb. 14, 1863; disability.

.Johnson, David, Middletowa, enlisted Nov. 18, 1853; transferred to Co. H, 34th 111. Infantry.

Hendricks, Harvy F., Colmar, enlisted Feb. 25, 1804; transferred to Co. H, 34th 111. Infantry.

Mullens, John W., Macomb; transferred to Co. H, 34th 111. Infantry.

Scott, Richard W., Bethel, enlisted Feb. 25, 1864; died Sept. 2, 1864 ; wounded.

COMPANY C.

Captain Charles R. Hume, Blandinsville, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Dec. 18, 1864.

Captain George W. Blandin, Blandinsville. commissioned Dec. 18, 1864; mustered out June 7,
1865.

First Lieutenant Oliver P. Courtwright, Blandinsville, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Oct.
45, 1863.

First Lieutenant Andrew J. O'Neil, Blandinsville, commissioned May 10, 1865; mustered out
J une 8, 1865.

Second Lieutenant John E. James, Blandinsville, commissioned Oct. 6, 1863; killed in battle
June 27, 1864.

Bond, Marion D. M,, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged May 5, 1865; wounds.

Bently, Joseph H, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged April 8, 1863; disability.

Boylan, Thomas C., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Bridges, Thomas B., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; transferred to Company I, Oct. 1, 1862.

Carter, Isaac G,, Blandinsville, Aug. 12, 1862: mustered out July 7, 1865.

Chaffin, Philip, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug 16, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Cole, Eleazer, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; deserted Jan. 3, 1063.

Curtis, Mark M., Blandinsville, enlisted July 21, 1862; deserted Jan. 3, 1863, as corporal.

Carnes, Henry, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Clark, Edward, Blandinsville, enlisted July 30, 1862; discharged Oct. 3, 1862; disability.

Cline, Marshall C., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; killed at Atlanta, Ga., Aug. 7, 1864.

Curtis, Joseph P., Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Downen, Thomas J., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; transfered to company I Oct. 1, 1862.

Davis, Thomas J., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged Feb. 1, 1864; disability.

Dowell, George W., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; died at Nashville, Tenn., Oct. 29, 1863.

Dixon, William, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; deserted Jan. 3, 1863.

Duncan, James M., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as corporal.

Duncan, John, Blandinsvilie, enlisted Ang. 2, 1862; discharged March 13, 1863, as muscian, dis-
ability.

Duffield, WiUiam H.. Blandinsville, Aug. 1, 1862; mustered out June 17, 1865, prisoner of war.

Decker, Nathaniel, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; transferred to Co. I. Oct. 1, 1862.

Forrest, John, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; killed at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864.

Frank, John, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Freeland, William C., Blandinsville, enlisted July 22, 1862; mustered out June 22, 1865.

Green, John F., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 21, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Galbreath, John T., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Gorham, John, Blandinsville, enlisted July 22, 1862: mustered out June 7, 1865.

Gibson, Samuel T., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 10, 1862; transferred to Co. I. Oct. 1, 1862.

Harmon, William W., Blandinsville, enlisted July 21, 1862; died at Savannah, Feb. 21, 185.

Harmon, John, Blandinsville, enlisted July 22, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Hamilton, Elisha, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out June 17, 1865.

Hainline, John R., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 16, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 227

Huddleston. James R.. Blandinsville. enlisted Aus. 2, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Hendricks. Lewis, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 9. 1862; mustered out June 7,1865, as corporal.

James, John W., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; killed at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864.

James. William E., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2. 1861; mustered out June 7, 1865.

James, John E., Blandinsville, enlisted Ang., 2, 1862; 1st Sergeant, killed at Kenesaw Mountain,
June 27, 1*64.

James, Joseph A., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1861; mustered out June 7, 1865, as corporal.

Jenks, Joel H., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 4. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as musician.

Kirkputrick. Francis A.. Blaudiiisville, enlisted Aug. 16, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1863, as ser-
geant.

Keithley. Perry, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Ki.-ithley. Joseph H., Blandinsville, enlisted July 30, 1862; mustered out June 7. 1865.

Liiulsey, Thomas, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; died at Chattanooga, June 25, 1864.

I.Mwson, Joseph D., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; deserted Sept. 30, 1862.

MHiee, William F., Blandinsville, enlisted July 28, 1862; mustered out June 7."1. e 65.

Morgan, Clinton, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; drummed out of service Nov. 4, 1862.
icher, Silas, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Mayhugh, John T., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Mayhugh, Francis T., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; deserted May 21, 1863.

Marshall. Josephus, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; deserted Jan. 9, 1863.

Michaels. Jacob H., Blandinsville, enlisted July 29, 1862; killed at Kenesaw Mountain June 27,
SL864.

Martin, George, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Mealey, Michael, Blaudinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 186.i ; Sergeant, killed at Atlanta, Sept. 4,1864.

Maeie. James K.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 1, 1862 : mustered out June 7, 1865, First Sergeant.

Magie, Charles H., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 1, 1862 ; died at Nashville, Tenn., Aug. 19, 1863.

Mayhugh, Loban D., Biandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862 ; deserted May 21, 1863.

McFall, Sylvester, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; discharged Dec 10, 1864; wounded ; Cor-
poral.

Midcap. Nathaniel, Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Meeks, Luther. Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 12, 1862 ; mustered out June 7, 1865 ; Sergeant.

Messacher, Win. I)., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1S62 ; mustered out June 7, 1865; Corporal.

Monohan, John, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 16, 1862 ; died at Chattanooga April 3, 1864.

Norris, Charles L., Blandinsville, enlisted July 23, 1862 ; died at Chattanooga Nov. 6, 1864.

O'Neii, Andrew J., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; promoted First Lieutenant.

O'Cain, James, Blandinsville. August 16, 1862 ; discharged Sept. 13, 1863; disability.

Rush, John W., Blandinsville, enlisted July 22. 1862; killed at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864.

Roberts, Peter B., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862 , mustered out June 7, 1865.

Riddell, Sylvester, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; died at Nashville, Tenii., Dec. 30, 1863.

Sherry, Marion, Blandinsville, Aug. 1, 1862 ; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Smith, William, Blandinsville, enlisted July 21, 1862 ; discharged March 7, 1873 , disability.

Spielman, Charles L , Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862 ; mustered out June 7, 1865; Sergeant.
iford, Albfrt J., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 16, 1862; mustered out June 12. 1865 ; Sergeant.

Sims, John, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862 ; transferred to Co. I Oct. 1, 1862.

Tvft. Cyrell, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; killed at Jonesboro, Ga., Sept. 1, 1864.

Tipton, James, Blandinsville. Aug. 16, 1862; discharged Nov. 11, 1862; disability.

Yenning. Henry, Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; killed at Jonesboro, Ga.,*Sept. 1. 1864.

Warner, Wm. H., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Worley, John L., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862 ; mustered out June 7,1865.

Wilson. Andrew, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862 : mustered out June 7, 1865.

AVoodside, John W., Blandinsville, enlisted July 29, 1862; deserted March 7, 1863.

Wilson, Elias H., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 22, 1865; prisoner of
war.

Worley. William H. H., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 17, 1865.

"Welsh, James L., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Wilhelms, William A., Blandiusville. enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; transferred to Co. I Oct. 1, 1862.

Bayles, Joseph W., Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Brown, Frederick P., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; deserted Jan. 3, 1863.

Chaffin, Michael, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug." 22. 1862: mustered out June 7, 1865.

Kirk. John W., Hire, enlisted March 19, 1864; mustered out June 22, 1865.

Pace. Ingram, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 1, 1862; transferred to Co. I Oct. 1, 1862.

Tift, Semer, Blandinsville, enlisted July 22, 1862; rejected by mustering officer.

T.-rry. Richard L., Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 9. 1862: died of wounds, in service.

\\ arner, Jesse, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out June 7. 1865.

COMPANY D.

Kate?. William. Industry, enlisted Aug. 28, 1862; mustered out June 7. 1865.

COMPANY F.

Elisha Mor-e, Macomb, commissioned June 6, ls6">: mustered out June 7, 1865; pro-
moted from First Lieutenant.

COMPANY I.

Captain Granville H. Reynolds, Industry, coramisssioned Sept. 1, 18(32; resigned Dec. 19. 1SH4.

First Lieutenant Hardin Hovey, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; honorably discharged
-M.8.V 15. 1^65,

Second Lieutenant James H. McCandless. Macomb, commissioned September 1. 1862: resigned
May2K, 186;?.

228 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGII COUNTY.

Second Lieutenant Charles V. Chandler, commissioned May 29. 1863; promoted.

Arnold. Ira, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 14, 1802; mustered out June 13, 1865.

Allen, Richard C., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: died at Andersouville Prison, May 28, 1864.

Allhouse, Lebeus, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; died at Richmond, Va., Feb. 14, 1864, while
& prisoner of war.

Anstine, Theodore P., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7. 1865, a prisoner of war.

Buchanan, James C., Industry, enlisted August 14, 1861; mustered out June 7, 1865, as sergeant.

Brown, Daniel, Industry, enlisted Aug. 9. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Bennett, Albert C., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862. Died at Boston, Ky., Nov. 12, 1862.

Beatty Simon B., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as corporal.

Bowman. William H., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; died November 26, 1863, wounds.

Baymiller. Michael, Industry, enlisted August 11, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Brown, Christopher, Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1S62; died at Richmond, Va., Jan, 23, 1864, while
a prisoner of war.

Bear, John O., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862. mustered out June 7, 1865; corporal.

Batchelor, John, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Chapman, Douglas M., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Chase, lames M., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Clark, Jerome J.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; first sergeant: died April 30, 1*6;>, of wounds.

Cowgill, John F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged Jan. 30, 1864; disability.

Carroll, Daniel M., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; promoted principal musician.

Carroll, James S., Industry, Aug. 9, 1862; discharged July 7, 1863, disability.

Craig, Simeon, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died at Andcrouville Prison, Sept. 22, 1864; No.
of grave 9,307.

Carnaham, Sophroneus, Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as corpora].

Downen, Thomas J., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862: discharged April 20, 1864, wounds.

Diserron, Daniel, Industry, enlisted Aug. 6. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

David, George H., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; died Oct. 2, 1863; wounds.

DeCamp, Goin S.. Industry, enlisted Aug. 11. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865,

Dallam, Samuel W., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Doran, Hugh H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; died in Andersonville Prison May 28, 1864; No.
oi grave, 1441.

Edmondson, Thomas, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1852: mustered out June 7, 1865, as sergeant.

Garrison, Zacariah M., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as sergeant.

Gibson, John, Industry, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged April 6, 1863; disability.

Gill, Benjamin F , Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Howe, John B., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Hall. George P., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Hogue, George P., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as corporal.

Hamilton, Parmenium, Macomb. enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; died Oct. 15, 1863, of wounds.

Hummer, John, Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1863, as corporal.

Lane, Benjamin F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863.

Laughliu, Robert F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862: mustered out May 24, 1865.

Monfort, Lawrence M., Mound, Aug. 15, 1862; discharged July 24, 1863; disability.

McCandless, Moses A., Macomb, enlisted Aug 14; killed near Griggsville, Tenn.'Nov. 26, 1864.

McCandless, Wilson, Macomb. enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as corporal.

Maxwell, John C., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862: discharged Aug. 9, 1863, as corporal, disability.

Myers, John V., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865. as corporal,

McClellan, James C, Industry, Aug. 9, 1862; sergeant; discharged Aug. 1864, for promotion in U. S,
colored troops.

McClellan, John, Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 9, 1 862; discharged April 30, 1863; disability.

McClellan, William G., Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged Dec. 12, 1862, for promotion
in U. S. colored troops.

Mayfield, Joseph, Industry, enlisted Aug, 15; mustered out June 7, 1865; prisoner of wax.

Pennington, Joseph L., Industry, Aug. 9, 1862; discharged Jan. 19, 1863; disability.

Pitman, Burress E., enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged Aug. 18, 1863; disability.

Pittman, George, Industry, Aug. 14, 1862; discharged Aug. 24, 1863; disability.

Pembroke, John F , Scotland, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Plotts, Thomas M., Macomb, Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Parker, Henry, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Painter, George, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, Sept.
1, 1863.

Rhea, Elias B., Mound, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Ricketts, Harvey, Sciota, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 22, 1865; prisoner of war.

Reed, Henry G., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 186?; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Reed, William R., Industry, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 17, 1865; prisoner of war.

Shannon, John F., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 18, 1865, as first sergeant.

Scudder, Jessie B., Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862, mustered out June 7, 1865.

Stewart, Francis M., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died at Andersouville Prison, Aug. 20, 1864.
No. of grave 6,292.

Stewart, Thomas B., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps April
18, 1864.

Shannon, James P., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Seward, John W., Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died Oct. 22, 1863.

Stewart, John F., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9,1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps April
28, 18b4.

Scudder, Martin V., Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged June 30, 1863; disability.

Smith, Joseph A., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 14, 1861; mustered out June 17, 1865; prisoner of war.

Smith, James H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865, as sergeant.

Smith, William F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, ]62; mustered out June 7 1865

Tunis, Joseph, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; discharged May 1, 1863; disability.

Tunis, Isaac, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Vail, Thomas J., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9; died at Nashville, Term., July 3, 1863.

Vincent, David A., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 14, 1865; prisoner of war

Weaver, William, Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died Sept, 6, 186-1; wounds.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 229

Weaver, John. Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862: mustered out June 7, 1865.

Whhrow James E Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14. 1862: mustered out June 7, 1865.

Wilson. Lewis R., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1S62; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Wilson. Kufus R., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Broaddus Thomas H.. Macomb, enlisted June 15, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Bridges, Thomas B . Industry, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; discharged Aug. 24, 1863, disability.

Carroll, John R., Industry, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; died in Andersonville Prison Aug. 24, 1863. No.
of grave 7 037

Cupp, Jonas P.. Chalmers, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864; discharged May 5, 1865.

Cupp. William C., Chalmers, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864; transferred to company F, 34th Illinois In-
fantry.

Decker, Nathaniel. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 6, 1S65; prisoner of war.

Ellis, James C.. Macomb, enlisted Jan. 19, 1864: transferred to company F 34th Illinois Infantry.

Faber, Jacob, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out June 7, 1865.

Gibson, Samuel F., Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died in Andersonville Prison, July 29, 1864,
No. of grave 4.201.

McClintock, Karr, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: mustered out June 7, 1865.

McClure, Hugh, Chalmers, enlisted ieb. 4, 1864; transferred to Company F., 34th Illinois In-

Pac'e, Ingram A., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged December 13, 1864; disability.
Sims, John, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 17, 1865; prisoner of war.
Wilhelm, William A., Industry, enlisted Aug. 20; discharged Oct. 1, 1864: disability.
Wilhelm. Samuel?., Industry, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out July 23, 1865, prisoner of war.

EIGHTY-FOURTH IXFAXTRY.

ROSTER OF OFFICERS.

Colonel Lewis H. \Vaters, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865; pro-
moted Brevet Brigadier-General, Jan. 13, 1865.

Adjutant Charles E. Waters. Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Sept. 29, 1863.
Quartermaster Louis A. Simmons, Macomb, commissioned July 25, 1863; mustered out June 3,

Surgeon James B. Kyle, Macomb, enlisted Sept. 1, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

COMPANY A.

Captain John P. Higgins, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Jan. 24, 1865.

Captain Willis Edson, Macomb, commissioned Jan. 24, 1865; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Second Lieutenant William F. Stearns, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1. 1862; mustered out May

Second Lieutenant John S. Walker, Macomb, commissioned June 6, 1865; mustered out June 8,

Sergeant John McCabe, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862. Detached at muster out of regiment.
Sergeant Edwin B. Rail. Macomb, enlisted Ang. 2, 1862; discharged June 11, 1863.
Sergeant Thomas M. Whitehead, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died at Gallatin, Tenn Dec 11
1862.

Corporal Warren S. Odell, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as sergeant.
Corporal Joseph B. Wortman, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 4, 1862; discharged April 2, 1863; wounds.
Corporal David J. Tuggle, Industry, enlisted July 30, 1862: died March 31, 1863; wounds.
Corporal Quincy A. Roberts, Industry, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; killed at Rocky Face Ridge, May 9.

Corporal William J. Lea, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11. 1862; discharged April 21, 1863.
Corporal Thomas J. S tarns, Scotland, enlisted June 25, 1862; died at Nashville, Tenn., Eeb. 14,
1868.

Corporal William Jones, Industry, eulisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged June 26, 1864; wounds,
Allen, Coffner W., Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; deserted Sept. 22, 1862.
Archer. George C., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as corporal.
Blair. Samuel, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; died at Louisville, Ky., Oct. 26, 1863.
Brotherton, Silas E. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died at Lookout," Tenn., Aug. 7, 1864.
Buttler Preston. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: discharged Feb. 14, 1863.
Baker. John. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862; died Sept. 21, 1863; wounds.
Clark, Jacob. Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged March 16, 1864.
Clarke, James S.. Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 186); mustered out June 8, 1865.
Clark, Milton. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died at Nashville, Dec. 25, 1862.
Casto, George W., Macomb, eulisted Aug. 1862; died at Chickamauga, Sept. 21, 1863.
Casto, Thomas J.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged Feb. 14, 1863.
Cox, Nathan C., Macomb, eulisted Aug. 9, 1862; transferred to Invalid Corps. Dec. 18, 1863.
Covalt, Abraham B., Macomb. enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; discharged April 13, 1863.
Crane, John A.. Scotland, enlisced Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.
Case, Edward, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 20. 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865. as sergeant.
Dunsworth. Dinmon B., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862; transferred to Invalid Corps. Dec. 18, 1863.
Driscoll. John, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died at Somerset, Ky., Nov. 27, 1862.
Deardorff, Joseph. New Salem, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; discharged April 77, 1863; disability.
Davis. John W., Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; mustered out June 8. 1865.
Fenton, George, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 18, 1862; discharged Jan. 6, 1863.

Kelly, James. Scotland, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; transferred" to" Engineer" Corps', July 27, 1864".
H 15

230 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Lane, David H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862; discharged Jan. 4, 1864.

Lutes, Granville M., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862; detached at muster out of regiment.

Misener, Charles W., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June S, 18(15, as corporal.

Maury, Thomas B., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; promoted to Hospital Steward and reduced;
discharged Aug. 6, 1863.

Morris, Richard L., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as corporal.

Nolan, Michael, Macomb, enlisted July 19, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Owen. Nathaniel, Macomb, enlisted Aug 11, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as corporal.

O'Bryan, Edward, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; killed as Rocky Face Ridge, May 9, 186-4.

Parks, George, Industry, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; died at Nashville,' Feb. 13, 1863, wounds.

Parks, John, Industry, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as corporal.

Pelsor, John C., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; transferred to engineer corps Aug. 2, 1864.

Patrick, Samuel, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; discharged March 23, 1863: wounds.

Patrick, Charles, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged February, 19. 1863.

Remick, Augustus, Macomb, enlisted June 25, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Reno, Joseph L., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Robertson, James T., Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862. discharged March 2, 1865.

Shoopman, Jacob, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862: mustered out June 8. 1865, as corporal.

Spear, Samuel R., Industry, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged March 6, 1863; wounded.

Shepherd, Thomas J., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 2; transferred to Mississippi marine brigade April
14, 1863.

Hlyter, Philo, Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged Feb. 2, 1863; wounds.

Slyter, Lorenzo, Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862: absent sick at muster out of regiment.

Smizer, John. Chalmers, enlisted A\ig. 12, 1862; discharged Dec. 15, 1862.

Tuggle, Crawford, Industry, enlisted July 30, 1862; detuched at mu>ter out of regiment.

Voorhees, George R., Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 6, 1862. died April 13, 1862.

Voorhees, John, Bethel, enlisted A.ug. 11, 1862< mustered out June 8, 1865.

Walker, Daniel, Chalmers, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, June 13,
1863: wounded.

White, Thomas W., Industry, enlisted Aug. 5,1862, mustered out June 8, 1st;:..

Wood, Richard A., Scotland, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged December 25, lsr,2.

Willis, Able H., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 19, 1862; died at Andersonvillc Prison, March 15, 1865.

Wilson, Zacharia, Bethel, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Whiting, Charles H., Macomb, enlisted June 25, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Wells, Christopher C., Bethel, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862; discharged Feb. 28, 1863.

Dawson, Richard A., Macomb, enlisted Nov. 18, 1863; transferred to Company F 21st Illinois In-
fantry.

Clarke, Benjamin F., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 1, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1863.

Chase, Chauncey, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; discharged March 23, 1863.

Mitchell. Wilford, Macomb; discharged March 23, 1863; wounds.

McCamenout, James P., Macomb; died Sept. 1, 1862.

Willis, George W , Macomb, enlisted Aug. 20, 1862; died at Chattanooga, Oet. 13, 1863.

COMPANY B.

"Corporal Richard H. McClintock, Eldorado, enlisted July 31, 1862; sergeant; killed at Chicka-
inauga, Sept. 20, 1863.

Corporal David G. Harland, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 1, 186:!: died Jan. 3, 1863, wounds.

Andrews, Martin, Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 6, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Chappell, Woodford, Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged Jan. 22.

Hannon, Patrick, Mound, enlisted Aug. 7; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Green. William T., Eldorado, enlisted July 31, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Leighty, John H.. Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as corporal.

Miles, Augustus. Eldorado, enlisted July 31, 1862: killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 19, 1863.

Mitchell, Coleman, Industry, enlisted July 30, 1862; died April 3' 1863, wounds.

Smiter, James P., Eldorado," enlisted July 31, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as corporal.

Stambaugh, Jacob. Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 4, 1862; discharged Jan. 30, 1863.

Stambaugh, Samuel, Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as sergeant.

Toland, John T., Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; absent sick at muster out of regiment.

Walker, Ebenezer, Eldorado, enlisted July 30. 18621 mustered out June 8, 1865; wounded twice.

Walker, Samuel, Eldorade, enlisted July 31, 1862, died Oct. 24, 1863, wounds.

Greer. John A , Industry, enlisted Jan. 4, 1864; transferred to Co. F, 21st Illinois Infantry; died
June 9, 1865.

COMPANY C.

Captain William Ervin. Macomb. commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.
First Lieutenant Joseph G. Waters, Macomb, commissioned April 18, 1863; mustered out June 8,
1865.
Second Lieutenant William P.Pearson, Macomb, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862; resigned Feb. 22,

Second Lieutenant William F. Jones, commissioned Feb. 22, 1863. mustered out June 8, 1865.

First Sergeant William T. Harris, enlisted June 9, 1862: reduced; discharged Feb., 1863, wounds.

Sergeant John S. Provine, Macomb. enlisted June 18, 1862: 1st sergeant, wounded severely at
Chickamauga; mustered out June 8. 1865.

Sergeant George T. Yocum, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 4, 1862; killed at Stone river, Dec. 31, 1862.

Sergeant John A. Eyre, Macomb, enlisted June 18, 1862; died at Macomb, Jan. 16, 1864

Sergeant William Pointer, Scotland, Aug. 6, 1862; reduced, discharged Jan. 29, 1863, disability.

Corporal Daniel Wooley, New Salem, August 7, 1862; sergeant; wounded at Chicamauga, muster-
ed out JuneS, 1865.

Corporal William J. Hensley, Macomb, Aug. 7, 1862; died at Bowling Green, Ky., Dec. 19. 1862.

Corporal Edward S. Piper, Macomb, July 18- 1862; sergeant, died at Manchester, July 18, 1863.

Corporal Alexander Blackburn, Macomb, July 15, 1862; sergeant, wounded at Chickamauga, pro-
moted hospital steward.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 231

Corporal William L. Hampton, July 26, 1862; discharged April 14, 1863, disability.

Corporal Nathan A. Miller. Macomb, June 9. 1862; died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., May 22, 1364.

Adcock. Joseph T., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; died at Murfreesboro, Jan. 6, 1863.

A very. Daniel, Macomb. enlisted Aug. 6, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Broaddus, Thomas H., Macomb. June 13, 186'J; transferred to 78th Illinois Infantry.

Brooks. Francis, Macomb, enlisted July 19, 1862; died at Louisville, Ky., Nov. 23, 1862.

Brown. David, Macomb, enlisted July 19, 1862: died at Danville, Ky., Dec. 10,,1862.

Bowlin. John S., Macomb enlisted Aug. 9. 1862: discharged Feb. 18, 1864, wounds.

Cord, William G.. Macomb, enlisted July 24. 1862; discharged Feb. 18, 1863, disability.

Chapman. William A., Macomb. enlisted July 4, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Champ, Martin H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862; transferred to Mississippi Marine Brigade,
April 11, 1863.

Dailey. James. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Dailey. Isaac W., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged April 23, 1863. disability.

Erwiii. Jessie L.. Macomb. enlisted AUK. 2*. 1*62: mustered out June 8, 1865, wounds.

Foley. William II., Macomb, enlisted June 11, 1862; discharged Feb. 27, 1863; disability.

Ferguson, Jackson V., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 29, 1862; died at Bentou Barracks, Mo., February
10 1"

Hill. James. Macomb, enlisted July 22, 1862; discharged Feb. 19, 1862, disability.

Harris. John. Macomb. enlisted July 26. 1862; mustered out June 8. 1865.

Hall, Henry. Macomb, enlisted July 19, 1862; transferred to Miss. Marine Brigade in 1863.

Herron. Wesley C., Macomb. enlisted July 5, 1862- mustered out June 8, 1865, as sergeant.

Hams, George W., Macomb. enlisted July 24. 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Herndon, Allen A., Macomb. enlisted Aug. 9. 1862; died at Nashville, Feb. 20, 1862.

Hammer, Josiah Y., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1805, as corporal.

Harlan, Marcus L.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; discharged April 22, 1863; disability.

Johnson, James, Macomb, enlisted June 25, 1862: mustered out June 8. 1865.

Kemble, Thomas E., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862: transfered to Mississippi marine brigade in
1863.

Kelsey. Cyrus, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7. 1862: discharged March 13, 1863; disability.

Lee, Cicero B., Macomb, enlisted June 13, 1862; rejected:

Markham. Albert, Macomb. enlisted Jnly 12, 1862; discharged March 2, 1863: wounds.

McQuestion. Alexander, Macomb. enlisted Aug. 6. 1862; died at Nashville. Feb. 7, 1863.

Martin. Thomas J., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; corporal; mustered out June 8, 1865; woun ds

MrDaniels, George W., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2, 1862; discharged April 14, 1863, wounds.

Maines. David, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862: transfered to invalids corps Nov. 20, 1863.

Maxwell, George, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as sergeant.

Pennington, Charles W., Macomb, enlisted Aug 6, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as corporal.

Provine, James H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 2. 1862; discharged Oct. 5, 1864; wounds; corporal.

Purdam, Abraham, Scotland, enlisted Aug. 6, 1862; died at Nashville, Feb. 15, 1863; wounds.

Purdam. James. Scotland, enlisted Aug. 6. 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865; wounded.

Pennington, Richard W., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862.

Pennington. William T.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; discharged May 11, 1863; disability.

Rollins, John H.. Emmet, enlisted June 18, 1862; died at Nashville, Tenn., Jan. '2, 1863.

Rhizer. William W., Macomb. enlisted Aug. 6, 1862: discharged Jan. 6. 1865: wounds.

Sumpter. Henry. Macomb, enlisted July 1, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Simmons, William \V., Macomb. enlisted June 14, 1862; died at Bowling Green, Ky., Nov. 23, 1862.

Sweeney, John W., Macomb, enlisted July 1, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Stratum, John W., Colchester, enlisted July 21, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Stratton. Elijah, Colchester, enlisted July 25. 1862; mustered out June 8, 1S65; sergeant.

Smith, Samuel A.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862: mustered out June 8, 1865.

Smith. Edward, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 7. 1862 ; died Sept. 22, 1863; wounds.

s.wigart. Josiah, Macomb. enlisted June 19, 1862: died in McDonough county, 111., June 9, 1864.

Sweeney, William, Macomb. enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; discharged March 10, 1865, disability.

Tandy. Jeptha M., Macomb. enlisted Au. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Venable, John W., Macomb, enlisted July 29, 1862: discharged Feb. 8. 1863, disability.

Vleet. David, Macomb. enlisted Aug. 9, 186:'; discharged April 23, 1863, disability.

Vanmeter. Henry, Macomb, enlisted July 2S. 1*62: died at Dallas, Ga., June 1, 1864.

"Withcrell. Cyrus, Macomb. enlisted June 13, 1862: mustered out June 8, 1865.

Willis. Abraham V.. Macomb, enlisted Jnly 26, 1862: died at Louisville, Ky., Dec. 6, 1862.

Winslow. William H.. Macomb. enlisted July 21, 1862; died at Nashville. Tenn., Dec. 21. 1862.

Winslow. Charles F.. Macomb, enlisted July 24, 1862; discharged March 5. 1863, disability.

Wilkinson. Frederick, Macomb, enlisted July 22. 18(52: mustered out June 8, 1865, wouuds.

Wayland, William H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862: Transferred to Mississippi Marine Brigade
in 1863.

Walker. William C., Macomb. enlisted June 18, 1862: discharged Jan. 28, 1863, disability.

Hunter. James H., Macomb, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863: transferred to Co. F., 21st Illinois Infantry:
mustered out Dec. 16. 1865.

Hankins, John, New Salem, enlisted Feb. 11, 1864: transferred to Co. F., 21st Illinois Infantry;
mustered out Dec. 16, 1865.

COMPANY E.

Taylor, Benjamin F., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as corporal.

COMPANY F.

Second Lieutenant Samuel Frost. New Salem, commissioned Sept. 1, 1862: resigned Nov. 23. 1863.
Second Lieutenant Joseph Price, Eldorado, commissioned June 6, 1863; mustered out June 8, 1865.
Corporal tAi El well. New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1862.
Corporal James H. Kennie, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; Sergeant; died at Chattanooga,
Oct. 20. 1863. wounds.
Corporal Rufus L. Cox, Eldorado, enlisted July 31, 1862: transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps,

AUg. 14.

232 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Benson, Vachel, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; killed at Stone River Dec. 31, 1862.

Enders, Christopher, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 2, J862; killed at Stone River Dec. 31, 1862.

Graves, Allen, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862: died at Murfeeesboro, Jan. 23, 1863.

Herlocker, James M , New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865 as corporal;
wounds.

Hammond, Benjamin, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Kerr, George N., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, L8G2; died at Quincy, 111., Feb. 11, 1864; wounds.

Kerr, Clayburn T., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865 as sergeant;
wounded.

Knock, Daniel, Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, April 16,
1864; wounded.

McCounell, George, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 10, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Miller, Levi A., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 10, 1862; mustered out June 8, 18t ; 5, as corporal.

McFadden, Samuel N., Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; discharged Dec. 25, 1862; disability.

Nebergall, Reuben J., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 10, 1862; discharged Dec. 25. 1862; disability.

Seaburn, George, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps July 1,
1863.

Sloan, John F., New Salem, enlisted Aue. 2, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Shaffer, John, Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865. as sergeant.

Swearingin, Martin, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865, as sergeant.

8wearingen, George, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Thomas, John, Eldorado, enlisted July 31, 1861; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Turner, Thorns B.. Eldorado, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; discharged May 4, 1863, wounds.

Wetsel, Christopher, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 7, 1862; mustered out June 8, 1865.

Walroth, Abram N., New Salem, enlisted Aug. 12, mustered out June 8, 1865.

Culp, Willliam, Bushnell, enisled Dec. 23, 1802; Iransl'erred lo Company F., 21st Illinois Infantry;
mustered out Dec. 16, 1865.

EIGHTY-EIGHTH INFANTRY.

COMPANY A.

Campbell, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; sergeant; died at Cowan Station, Tenn.,
July 27, 1863.

Moss Samuel. Colchester, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; discharged March 18, 1863; disability.

Peterman, David P., Colceester, enlisted Aug. 13, 1863; died at Atlanta, Ga., July 28, 1864, of
wounds.

Randolph, John H.; Macomb, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; transferred to Engineer Corps.

COMPANY F.

Sergeant James W. Fils9n, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve corps.
Hollenbeck, Francis, Sciota, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, mus-
eredout July 27, 1865.

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRD INFANTRY.

COMPANY F.

Corporal Andrew J. Justice, New Salem, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out June 21, 1865, as
sergeant.

Musician William A. Smith, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 18, 1862; discharged Sept. 6, 1863; disability.
Musician William E. Cooper, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 21, 1862; discharged Jan. 30, 164; disability.
Buck, Joseph H., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 21, 1865.
Buck, Joseph, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 21, 1S65.
Baughman. Samuel, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out June 21, 1865.
Ho'ler, William, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out June 21, 1865.
Post, William, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out June 21, 1865.

COMPANY G.

Ames, Amaricus, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; transferred to Co. I; mustered out wounded.
Myers, Artemus. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; killed at Kenesaw Mountain, June 27, 1864.
Yocum,.John W., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out June 21, 1865.

ONE HUNDRED AND EIGHTEENTH INFANTRY.

COMPANY A.

Freeman, John P., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; discharged June 6, 1865, as sergeant; dis-
ability.

Fortney, Henry M., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; corporal; transferred to Veteran Reserve
Corps, Sept. 3, 1863.

Leal, Clark, Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862: mustered out Oct. 1, 1865. as corporal.

Martin, Henry C., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 1?, 1862; died on steamer Di Vernon, Jan. 18. 186S.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 233

COMPANY B.

Burham. James T., Sciota, enlisted Feb. 13, 1865; died Aug. 20, 1865.
Haigh, Juhn, Eldorado; mustered out Oct. 1, 1865.

Ladd, Andrew L., Sciota, enlisted March 27, 1865; mustered out Oct. 1. 1865.
McCants, Leander, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; mustered out Oct. 1, 1865.
Mattelu, Conrad, Bethel, enlisted March 15, 1865 ; committed suicide May 12, 1865.
Ramsey, Samuel, Sciota, enlisted Feb. 16, 1865 ; discharged Aug. 23, 1865, disability.
Wells, Lewis T., Sciota, enlisted Feb. 16, 1865 ; mustered out Oct. 1, 1865.
Weider, Alonzo, Sciota, enlisted Feb. 16, 1865 ; mustered out Oct. 1, 1865.

COMPANY E.

Corporal Jacob D. Bungar, Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged May 18, 1865.
Corporal Thomas, George W., Blandinsville. enlisted Aug. 14, 1862 ; discharged Oct. 10, 1864; dis-
ability.

COMPANY I.

House, William A., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 28, 1865; mustered out Oct. 1, 1865.

COMPANY K.

Hazel, Solomon, Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; Transferred to Invalids Corps, Nov. 26, 1863.

Martin, George \V., Macomb. Transferred to the 33d 111. Infantry.

Phillip, Phelix L., Macomb.

Toland. D. L., Macomb.

Clark. Peter, Macomb; rejected.

ONE HUNDRED AND NINETEENTH INFANTRY.

COMPANY H.

Captain Samuel McConnell. Bushnell, commissioned Oct. 7, 1862 ; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865.
First Lieutenant Henry C. Mullen, Bardolph. commissioned Oct. 7, 1862 ; resigned June 3, 1863.
First Lieutenant Jackson Wells. Bushnell, commissioned June 2. 1863 ; mustered out Aug. 26,
ud Lietenant Samuel D. Sawver, Bardolph, commissioned June 2, 1863; mustered out Aug.

First Sergeant Nathan B, McGraw, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862 ; discharged Oct. 26, 1863.
- -ant Levi S. Mils, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 1, 1862; mustered ont Aug. 26, 1865, as 1st sergeant,
-oant Joel C. Bond, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1865 ; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865.

Sergeant Robert T. Carter, Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died at Vicksburg, Aug. 13, 1864.

Sergeant Paryis H. Moore, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865.

Arthur, Daniel, Bushnell. enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out July 19, 1865.

Anderson, William H.. Bushnell. enlisted Aug. 13, 1862: mustered out Aug. 26, 1865, as corporal.

Amos, George W., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26. 1865.

Bond, Benjamin. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; deserted March 29, 1863.

Booth, James. Jr., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13. 1862; discharged May 25, 1863, disability.

Burchett. Henry B., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; discharged June 29, 1864, disability.

Booth, James C.. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865.

Bechtel. David, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26, 1863.

Booth, John, Bushnell. enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; deserted Nov. 20, 1862,

Carter, John E.. Bardolph. enlisted 4ug. 9. 1862: mustered out Aug. 26, 1865, as corporal.

Clark. James. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 1. 1862: discharged Ang. 21, 1865.

Covert, Joseph B., Bushnell. enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; discharged June 28, 1865, disability.

Crownover. Franklin L., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862: mustered out Aug, 28, 1865, as corporal.

Covert, David, Bushnell. enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Aug. 28, 1865.

Covert, John, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; corporal; died at Jefferson barracks, Mo., Aug.
-24. 1864.

Cruser, DeWitt T. B., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: mustered out Aug. 26. 1865.

Duncan, Benjamin. Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862: died at Memphis, Aug. 5, 1864.

Duncan. James E.' Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865.

Dewey, William H.. Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; mustered out Ang. 26, 1865.

Eby, Jeremiah W.. Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865.

Frost, Richard T., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; discharged Dec. 22, 1862, disability.

Faust, Charles, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; discharged Aug. 11, 1865.

Falck, Frederick, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862, was prisoner; died at Mound City, 111.. Dec.
30. 1862?

Frankenburg, Benjamin, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; died at Jefferson Barracks, Mo., Dec.
13, 1864, wounds.

Fleming. John. Bardolph. enlisted Aug. 14. 1862; mustered out Aug. 16, 1865, as corporal.

Faulkner, William, Bardolph, enlisted Aug. 14. 1>62: mustered out Aug. 26, 1865.

Hall, James, Bushnell, enlisted August 11. 1862; deserted March 29, 1863.
Hunt, Manning F.. Bushnell, enlisted August 13, 1862 : detached at mustering out of regiment.
Loggard, Tolbert, Colchester, enlisted August 13. 1862 ; transferred to veteran reserve corps Jan-
uary 10. 1864.
Kepple. James V., Bushnell, enlisted August 14, 1862 ; discharged August 11. 1865.

234 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Kantz George, Bushnell, enlisted August 9, 1862; discharged June 27, 1865, disability.

Lemmons. James H., Bushnell, enlisted August 9, 1862 ; mustered out August 26, 1865, sergeant.

Long, Samuel C., Bushnell, enlisted August 13, 1S62 ; detached at mustering out of regiment.

McKennelley, Wilson L., Bushnell, enlisted August 13, 1862 ; died at Memphis, July 20, 1864.

McMaster, William W., Bardolph, enlisted August 22, 1862; promoted to hospital steward.

McMein, Ammon P., Bushnell, enlisted August 22, 1862 ; discharged August 21, 1865, disability.

Noel William T., Bushnell, enlisted August 13, 1862; mustered out August 26, 1865.

Oglesby, William T., Bushnell, enlisted August 14, 1862 ; mustered out August 26, 1865.

Parvin Isaac M., Bardolph, enlisted August 14, 1862; mustered out August 26, 1865.

Pelly, John D., Bardolph, enlisted August 9, 1862 ; mustered out August 26, 1865.

Plotts, John C., Bushnell, enlisted August 13, 1862; mustered out August 26, 1865, wounded.

Plotts Martin L., Bushnell. enlisted August 13. 1862 ; mustered out August 26, 1865.

Purman, JohnH., Macomb, enlisted August 14, 1862; mustered out August 26, 1865.

Pugh, Alexander, Bardolph, enlisted August 22, 1862; mustered out August 26, 1865, as wagoner.

Stearns Abdallah M., Bushnell, enlisted August 9, 1862; discharged November 23, 1862.

Snook, Roswell H., Bushnell, enlisted August 13, 1862 ; mustered out June 15, 1865.

Sutton James A., Bushnell, enlisted August 13, 1862; mustered out August 16, 1865, wounded.

Thomas, William, Bushnell, enlisted August 14, 1862 ; discharged November 18, 1864, disability.

Wilson, Lewis, Bardolph, enlisted August 22, 1862 ; discharged June 22. 1865.

Whittlesey, W'illiam H., Bushnell, enlisted August 9, 1862; discharged June 19, 1865, wounded.

Frankenburg, John W., Bushnell, enlisted January 5, 1864 ; mustered out August 26, 1865.

Maxwell, John A., Macomb, enlisted August 22, 1862 ; mustered out August 26, 1865.

Morris, John, Bushnell, enlisted October 12, 1862; deserted March 19, 1863.

Camp, Thomas J., Bushnell, enlisted August 12, 1862; from Co. I, mustered out August 26, 1865.

Couch, William H., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 12.1862; company I: died March 30, 1863; wounds.

Hyde, Charles, Bushnell, Aug. 12, 1862: company I; deserted June 11, 1864.

Ittle, John, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862: died in insane asylum, Washington, D. C., Oct. 1,
1863.

Ralston, David R., Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; from company I, transferred to veteran re-
serve corps in 1864.

Wagner, John, Bushnell, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; from company I; mustered out Aug. 26, 1865.

ONE HUNDRED AND TWENTY-FOURTH INFANTRY.

COMPANY D.

Captain Stephen Brink, Tennessee, commissioned Sept. 10, 1862; resigned Aug. 11, 1863.

Captain Abraham Newland, Colchester, commissioned Aug. 11, 1863; mustered out Aug. 15, 1S6.~>.

Second Lieutenant Travis Mellor, Colchester, commissioned Sept. 10, 1862, resigned June 20, 1863.

Sergeant John Bechtel, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; died at L. Providence, La., March 21,
1863.

Corporal John Baglan, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 5, 1862; discharged Feb. 2, 1864; disability.

Corporal James H. Kirk, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862: discharged Nov. 8, 1862, as sergeant.

Corporal Joseph Jackson, Colchester, enlisted August 8, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as .ser-
geant.

Musician William S. Wilson, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Byerly, David, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Bechtel, Abraham G., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; discharged June 5, 1865; disability: cor-
poral.

Brodbent, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; died May 16, 1863, wounds.

Barrett, Abner, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 9, 1862; died at Keokuk, Iowa, Oct. 24, 1863.

Bainbridge, John, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 5, 1862; died at Memphis, Jan. 28, 1863.

Boyd, William H., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 5, 1862; died at Jackson, Tenn., Nov. 15, 1862.

Calbert, Simon, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862; died at Memphis, July 24. 1863.

Chapin, Robert, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 24, 1862: mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as corporal.

Dungan, John, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862: mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as sergeant.

Dewey, Victor M.. Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; discharged Sept. 20, 1864, for promotion
inU.S.C. H. A.

Deener, William F., Middletown, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out July 5, 1865.

Duncan, Joseph, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 25, 1864: transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out
Nov. 24, 1865.

Ennis, John W., Colchester, enlisted Aug 12, 1862; discharged in 1865.

Gartside, Job, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 6, 1862; died at St. Louis, Nov. 1, 1864.

Green, William M., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Hume, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 5, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as sergeant.

Hickman, William, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 8, 186'->; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Hall, George, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862; died at Jackson, Tenn., Oct. 30, 1862.

Hainline, A. J., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862: mustered out Oct. 15, 1865.

Milbourne, W T iHiam, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Oct. 15, 1865, as corporal.

McKenzie, William, Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 5, 1862; discharged June 5, 1865; wounds.

Moore, John J., Middletown, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; discharged March 17, 1865; disability.

Motirning, Francis M., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Mumma, David, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Nelson, Eldridee C., Blandinsville, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; transferred to Invalid Corps, Aug. 10,
1864.

Smith, John T., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Smith, John, Colchester, enlisted Aug-. 11, 1862; Deserted Jan. 29, 1863.

Spicer, Benjamin F., Tennessee, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865. as corporal.

Terrill, John, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; mustered oucAug. 15, 1865; corporal.

York, John, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 8, 1862; deserted Jan. 29, 1863.

Young, George M., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 11, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 235

Burford, William J., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry: mus-
tered out Nov. 24, 1865.

Delay, William H., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered
out Nov. 24, 1865.

Delay, Jacob, Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863: transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out
Nov. 24, 1865.

Holton. John W., Bethel, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out
Nov. 24, 1865.

Hutchinson, Albert H., Tennessee, enlisted Jan. 4, 1864: transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry: mus-
tered out Nov. 24, 1865.

Huff, Francis M., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 25, 1864: transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered
out Nov. 24, 1865.

Jarvis, Henry M., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered
out Nov. 24, 1865.

Jenkins, David, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 24, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out
Aug. 29, 1865, as corporal.

Lowell. John H., Tennessee, enlisted Dec. 16, 1863; died at home, May 26, 1865.

Mitchell, Robert, Bushuell, enlisted Mar. 28,1864: transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered
out Nov. 24, 1865.

Moore, John. Macomb, enlisted Oct. 4. 1864: transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered out
Oct. 4, 1865.

Mammon, Henry J., Macomb, enlisted Jan. 10, 1865; transfeired to 33d Illinois Infantry; mus-
tered out Nov. 24, 1865.

Pyle, William A., Bushnell, enlisted Mar. 28, 1864; transferred to 22d Illinois Infantry; mustered
out Nov. 24, 1865.

Richards, Jeseph H.. Macomb; enlisted Feb. 29, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mus-
tered out Nov. 24, 1865.

Richards, John T., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 29. 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered
out Nov. 24, 1865.

Shannon. Walter, Bushnell: discharged May 31, 1865, disability.

Sullivan, Michael O.. Bushnell, enlisted Mar. ly. 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mus-
tered out Nov. 2i, 1865.

Shannon, Edward, Bushnell, enlisted Mar. 28, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mus-
tered out Nov. 24, 1865.

Sheets, George R., Bushnell. enlisted Mar. 28, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered
out Nov. 24, L865.

Swigert, Zachariah, Bushnell, enlisted Mar. 29, 1864; transferred to ,33d niiuois Infantry; mus-
tered out Nov. 24, 1865.

Twitchel, Almond D., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 26, 1864; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mus-
tered out Nov. 24, 1865.

Wear, James M., Lamoine, enlisted Dec. 16. 1863; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry; mustered
out Nov. 24, 1865.

COMPANY I.

Captain Thomas K. Roach, Colchester, commissioned Sept. 10, 1862; resigned July 11, 1863.

Captain Benjamin A. Griffith, Emmet, commissioned July 11, 1863; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

First Lieutenant Elijah Barton, Emmet, commissioned July ], 1863; resigned June 25. 1864.

Second Lieutenant James M. Griffith, Emiuet, commissioned March 3, 2865; mustered out Aug.
15, 1865.

Sergeant James S. Shryack, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12. 1862: discharged Feb. 10,1863; disability.

Corporal Thomas O. Bugg, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 13, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps
Oct. 28, 1863; sergeant.

Corporal Milo Hobart, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1863; mustered out June 9, 1865; sergeant.

Corporal David T. Guy, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865; sergeant

Corporal William B. Greeuup, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out May 20, 1865.

Musician Milton J. Stokes, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 22, 1862; discharged Dec. 10, 1863; disability.

Bowers, Thomas J., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 28, 1862; deserted in 1862.

Browning, John W.. Macomb, enlisted Aug. 28, 1862: mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Bugg, Benjamin, Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; died at Memphis, Feb. 17, 1863.

Bug?, S. A., Emniet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865; wounds.

Campbell, William M., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865; corporal.

Duncan, William H.. Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Foley, Thomas, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out A ug 15. 1862

Forrest, Henry T.. Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862: killed at Champion Hills, May 16, 1863.

Foster, William, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862: mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Guy, Nathaniel M., tmmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; died at Vicksburg, July 8, 1863.

Griffith, Cary F., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1861; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as corporal.

Hainline, Joseph H., Emmet, enlisted Auer. 12. 1862; transferred to Yeteran Reserve Corps
March 15; 1865.

Harrison. Joseph D., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; transferred to Yeteran Reserve Corps
March 15, 1864.

Hawkins. William B., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862: mustered out June 6, 1865, as corporal.

Kennett, Jasper, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 13, 1861; died at Memphis, Feb. 11, 1863.

McCanley, Wm., Macomb, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862: mustered out Aug. 16, 1865,

McDonald, Daniel, Co.chester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862 : deserted Oct. 3, 1862.

Murfin, William, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862 ; mustered out August 15, 1865.

Murphy, George C., Macomb, enlisted August 22, 1862; mustered out August 15, 1865; in Ander-
sonville.

Morris, Wm. C., Emmet, enlisted September 12, 1862 ; died at Oxford, Miss., Dec, 16, 1862.

Overton, Joseph B., Emmet, enlisted Aug. '28. 1862 ; mustered out Aug 15, 1865.

Phillips, John C.. Emmet, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862 ; absent sick at muster out of regiment.

Sypherd, Flavius J., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; died at home Dec. 27,1864.

Stokes, Wesley S., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 12. 1862 : mustered out Axigust 15, lf-65, ns Sergeant.

Stodgill, Isaac N.. Emmet, enlisted Aug, 28, 1862 ; discharged Aug. y, 1863 ; disability ; died.

236 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Teas, Joseph 0., Emmet, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862 ; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as Corporal.

Wooley, Moses F., Colchester, enlisted August 14, 1862; mustered out August 15, 1865.

Yard, Job., Emmet, enlisted August 22, 1862 ; mustered out August 15, 1865.

Creasey, John, Hire, mustered out August 15, 1865.

Fuilerton, Hiram, Sciota, enlisted March 29, 1864 ; transferred to 33d 111, Infantry ; mustered out
November 24, 1865.

Foley, James M., Hire, enlisted February 26, 1864 ; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; mustered out
November 24, 1865.

Gilbert, Barnhard, Macomb. enlisted January 4, 1864 ; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; mustered
out August 29, 1865.

Gilbert, George G., Macomb, enlisted January 4, 1864; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry; mustered
out November 24, 1865.

Gilbert, James R., Hire, enlisted February 15, 1865; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry; mustered
out November 24, 1865.

Gooding, Lyman, Macomb, enlisted February 4, 1864 ; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry!; mustered
out November 24, 1865.

Griffin, Joseph F., Macomb, enlisted January 4, 1864; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry; absent
without lea,ve.

Hainline, David L., Sciota, discharged Feb., 1863; disability.

Hawkins, Robert B., Macomb, enlisted Jan. 4, 1864; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; mustered
out November 24, 1865.

Lo veil, John N., Macomb, enlisted January 4, 1864 ; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry; mustered
out November 4, 1865.

Lovell, Charles W., Macomb, transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; mustered ont Nov. 24, 1865.

McGraw, Calvin, Macomb, enlisted November 5,1863 ; transferred to 33d 111, Infantry ; mustered

Morton, George, Macomb, enlisted Jan. 4, 1864 ; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; abse'nt at muster
out.

Murphy, Luther, Sciota, enlisted Feb. 8, 1864; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry; mustered out
Nov. 24, 1865 : died.

Rymer, John H,, Emmet, discharged August 9. 1863 ; disability.

Sweeney, William O., Emmet, enlisted Feb. 4, 1864; transferred to 33d 111. Infantry ; mastered out
Nov. 24, 1865.

Wariner, Ja*ies, Sciota, mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Burrows, William, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Divine, Edwin, Macomb, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; mustered out May 22, 1865.

Frost. Ephraim, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, Oct. 28,
1863.

Hannaford, Charles A., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; Corporal; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865,
as Sergeant.

Hezlip, George P., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; died July 13. 1863, wounds.

Johnson, Amos B., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; died at Quincy, 111., April 27, 1865.

Leake, Fennel. Colchester, enlisted Aug. 15, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865.

Masten, Joel H., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; promoted First Lieutenant; mustered out
Aug. 15, 1865.

Morgan, John H., Colchester; discharged June, 1865.

Paulk, Alfred, Colchester, enlisted Aug. 14, 1862; discharged for disability at Jackson, Tenn.

Silverston, William F., Colchester, enlisted Aug. 12, 1862; mustered out Aug. 15, 1865, as Corporal

Williams, Sylvester L., Emmet; Corporal; transferred to 33d Illinois Infantry.

ONE HUNDRED AND THIRTY-SEVENTH INFANTRY.'

ROSTER OF OFFICERS.

9 Lieutenant Colonel Thomas K. Roach, Colchester, commissioned June 5, 1864; mustered out
Sept. 24, 1864.

Surgeon William A. Huston, Macomb, commissioned June 5, 1864; died at Memphis June 25, 1864.

Second Assistant Surgeon Robert G. Scroggs, Bushnell, commissioned June 9, 1864; mustered out
Sept. 24, 1864.

Acting Assistant Surgeon Benj. I. Dunn, Macomb, commissioned June 5, 1864; mustered out Sept.
24. 1864 ; was prisoner.

Principal musician James S. Carroll, Prairie Citv, enlisted June 5, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24,
1864.

COMPANY C.

Captain Barzillia Veach, Tennessee, commissioned June 5, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

First Sergeant Thaddeus Huston, Macomb. enlisted May 2. 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Sergeant James H. Drais, Tennessee, enlisted April 29, 1864; mustered out May 21, 1865 ; prison-
er of war.

Corporal John B. Russell, Macomb, enlisted May 2, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Corporal Fred. L. Lancey, Macomb, enlisted May 2, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24. 1864.

Corporal James R. Bailey, Macomte, enlisted May 2, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Corporal Peter Mclntosh, Colchester, enlisted May 7, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Musician Charles Penrose, Macomb, enlisted May 17, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Brooking, Edward S,, Macomb ; killed while a prisoner, near Memphis.

Barber, George W., Colchester, enlisted May 2, 1864 : mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Brown, Isaac N. P., Tennessee, enlisted May 2, 1864; transierred to Co. G, mustered out Sept. '24,
1804.

Ceminis, Samuel, Colchester, enlisted May 2, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Cord, Thaddeus C., Macomb, enlisted May 17, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24, 18(54.

Chapman, Frank M., Macomb, enlisted May 2, 1864 ; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Darnell, Homar L., Macomb, enlisted May 2, 1864 , mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 237

Dorothy, Archibald, Tennessee, enlisted May 2, 1864; transferred to Co. G, mustered out Sept.
24: 1864. "

Duncan, John, Tennessee, enlisted May 2, 1864 : mustered out Sept. 24. 1864, as corporal.
Eakie, Milton, Tennessee, enlisted April 29, 1864; mustered out May 25, 1865, prisoner of war,
Essex. William, Tennessee, enlisted May 16, 1874: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.
Herron, Eli P., Colchester, enlisted May 2. IS 1 ^: mustered out Sept 24, 1864.
Hooker. Francis M.. Colchester, enlisted May 2. 1864; mustered out September 24. 1864.
Kious. Jacob, Tennessee, enlisted April 29, 1864; prisoner of war at muster out of regiment.
Lea, William J.. Macomb, enlisted May 2, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.
Martin. John, Macomb, enlisted May 2, 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.
Miller, Edward M.. Macomb, enlisted May 17, 1862. mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.
Moore. Joseph, Tennessee, enlisted May 18, 1864; mustered out September 22, 1864.
Naylor, Albert, Macomb, enlisted May 17, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.
Nichols. Henry P., Macomb, enlisted May 30, 1864; died at home Sept. 2, 1864.
Roach, John M.. Colchester, enlisted May 17. 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.
Runkle, Darius, Macomb, enlisted May 2, 1864, mustered out Sept. 24, 1854.
Thompson, James, Colchester, enlisted May 2. 1.S64; prisoner of war at muster out of regiment.
Updegraff, Ambrose W., Macomb, enlisted May 2, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

COMPANY D.

Captain John B. Johnson, Prairie City, commissioned Jnne 5, 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

First Lieutenant James Robb, Prairie City, commissioned June 5, 1864; mustered out September
24. 1864.

First Sergeant Charles Broadbent, Prairie City, enlisted May 24, 1864; mustered out Sept, 24, 1864.

Sergeant Palmer E. Hughsou, Prairie City, enlisted May 24, 1864; promoted sergeant-major, mas-
tered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Sergeant Peter C Stire. Prairie City, enlisted May 24. 1864; mustered out September 34, 1864.

Corporal James Tannehill. Walnut Grove, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Corporal Orion H. Bliss. Prairie City, eniisted May 4, 1864; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Corporal Henry C. King, Walnut Grove, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Corporal John C. Dewey, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Aborgast. Henry. Walnut Grove, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Boyle, William, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1S64; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Carrier. George D.. Prairie City, enlisted May 4. 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Collar, Allen J.. Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; absent sick at muster out of regiment.

Davis, Albert W., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Drake, Willitm P., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Funs. Joseph H.. Prairie City.' enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Hull, Henry, Prairie City, enlisted May I, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Kreider. Jacob, Prairie City, enlisted May 4. 1*64: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

McDonald, Isaac J., Prairie City, enlisted May 4. lM>4: mustered out Sept 24, 1864,

Murray. Arthur, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

< >wens. Alexander. Prairie City, enlisted May 4. lN',4: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Painter, John W., Walnut Grove, enlisted,May -i. iv,4; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Plotts, William L.. Prairie City, enlisted May 4. 18^4: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Raymond. Simon. Praifie City, enlisted May 4, 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Robinson. Hamilton, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Sackett. Solomon, Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Sheley, Samuel, Prairie City, enlisted Muy 4, 1864; died at Memphis, Sept. 1, 1864.

Stantiai, Christopher P., enlisted May 4, 1864; killed at Memphis, Ang. 21, 1864.

COMPANY G.

First Li^unnant John M. Johnson, Tennessee, commissioned June 5, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24,
1864.

Adcock, George P., Bushnell, enlisted May 15, 1864; transferred to company I; mustered out Sept.
24, 1864.

Ackerson, Joseph, Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; transferred to company I; mustered out Sept.
24, 1864.

Buck, George W., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1864; transferred to company D;^nustered out Sept.
24, 1864,

Carrier. Alonza E., Prairie City, enlisted May 4, 1S64: transferred to company D; mustered out
Sept. 24. 1864.

Crabtree. Benjamin F., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; deserted May 30. 1864.

Henry, William J., Bushnell, enlisted May 2, 1864; transferred to company I; mustered out Sept.
24, 1864!

Jelison, Zimri, Macomb, enlisted May 17. 1864; transferred to company C; mustered out Sept. 24.
1864

Jelison, John, Macomb, enlisted May 2, 1864; transferred to company C; mustered out Sept. 24,

Johnson, Edward R., Tennessee, enlisted May 4, 1864; transferred to company C; mustered out
Sept. 24. 1864.
Mallarn. Robert, Bushnell, enlisted May 10, 1864; transferred to company I; mustered out Sept. 24,

Orr, John, Prairie Citv, enlisted May 4, 1864; transferred to company D; mustered out Sept. 24.
1864.

Patrick. Charles. Colchester, enlisted May 2, 1864; transferred to company C; mustered out Oct.
29. LS64: prisoner of war.

Soalf. William. Tennessee, enlisted May 23. 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Wolf, Jacob, Macomb, enlisted May 13", 1861: transferred to company C; mustered out Sept. 24.
1864.

238 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Wilstead, Thomas G., Tennessee, enlisted May 2, 1864, transferred to company C; mustered out
Sept. 24, 1864.
Whittier, Laforest, Bushncll, enlisted May 20, 1864; deserted June 7, 1864.

COMPANY I.

Captain William H. Oglesby, Bushnell, commissioned June 5, 1864; mustered out Sept 24, 1864.

thirst Lieutenant Andrew K. V> ilson, Bushnell, commissioned June 5, 1864; mustered out Sept.
24, 1864.

Second Lieutenant James N. Porter, Bushnell, commissioned June 5, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24,
1864.

First Sergeant Charles D. Hendrickson, Bushnell, enlisted June i, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24,
1864.

Sergeant James A. Kyle, Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Sergeant James T. McDonald, Bushneli, enlisted May 11, 1^64 ; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Corporal Edwin R. Dudley, Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Corporal Myron M. Myrick, Macomb, enlisted May 30, 1864 ; mustered out September 24. 1864.

Corporal Jacob R. Davvson, Bushnell, eulistedMay 11, 1864 ; mustered out May 23, 1865, prisoner
of war.

Corporal Silas W. Adcock, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; mustered out September 24. 1864.

Corporal Samuel F. Sanders, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; mustered out May 11, 1865, priso-
ner of war.

Corporal Melton B. Chapman. Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Austin, George W., Buslmell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Arnold, LewisC., Bushnell. enlisted May 13, 1854 ; prisoner of war at mustering out of regiment.

Anderson, William H., Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Adanas, Charles E.. Bushnell, enlisted May 18, 1864 ; mustered out September 24. 1864.

Barnes, Asa L., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; mustered out April 19, 1864, prisoner of war.

Barclay, James, Bardolph, enlisted May 20, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Bennie, James, Macomb, enlisted May 20, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Couch. William H., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out September 24, 1864.

Carroll, James S., Bushnell, enlisted May 14, 1864; promoted principal musician.

Chambers, David, Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864 ; mustered out May 23, 1865, prisoner of war.

Couch, James W., Bushnell, enlisted May 11. 1864 : mustered out September 24, 1864.

Chaddock, James, Bushnell enlisted May 12, 1864 : mustered out September 24, 1864.

Condon. Andrew L. , Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; mustered out September 24, 1864, corporal.

Clark, Wilbur C., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; rejected for disability.

Davis, David A., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864 ; mustered out May 23, 1865, prisoner of war.

Davidson, Samuel I., Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 21, 1864.

Duncan, Isaac, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Folsom, Edgar A., Bushnell, enlisted May 13, 1864, deserted May 30, 1864.

Dinington, James K., Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864; mustered out May 23, 1865; prisoner of war.

Hogue, George P., Macomb, enlisted May 13, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Hensley, William J., Bushnell, enlisted May 12; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Harris, Henry H., Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864; died at Memphis, Sept. 1, 1864.

Hageman, Charles W., Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.'

Jones, George T., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Keirns, William, Bushnell, enlisted May 13, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Little, John P., Bushnell, enlisted May 14, 1864; mustered out May 26, 1865; prisoner of war.

Lownes, Charles R,, Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Lemaster, James L., Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864, mustered out May 8, 1865, prisoner of war.

Laughlin, Edwin T., Macomb, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Martin, Jacob E., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sapt. 24, 1864.

Miller, Robert H., Bushnell, enlisted May 20; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Montague, Benjamin, Bushnell, May 13, 1864; mustered out May 23, 1865, prisoner of war.

Mills, William D., Bushnell,. enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

McGinnis, John F., Bardolph, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Overman, John W., Bushnell. enlisted, May 20. 1864; mustered out Sept. 24. 1864.

Pottenger, James H., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Porter, Lester W., Bushnell, enlisted May 11; Lieutenant; killed at Memphis, Aug. 21, 1864.

Pennell, William J., Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864: mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Pearson, Joseph A., Bushnell, enlisted May 14, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Prindle, Chauncey R., Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 4, 1864.

Purkey, William, Macomb, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Pugh, John W , Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; rejected for disability.

Ratekin, jWilliam H., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864. mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Rodecker, William, H., Bushnell, enlisted May 12; 1864; mustered out June 6, 1865, prisoner of
war.

Shreves, Milton, Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Scrutchfield, James A., Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Sherman, Abraham, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out May 23, 1865; prisoner of war.

Smick, William A,, Bushnell, enlisted May 13, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Spencer, William A., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Steel, James. Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Toland, Stephen, Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Walker, James H., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

West, Martin, Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

\Voolley, Lewis B., Bushnell, enlisted May 11. 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Wheeler, Isaac D., Bushnell, enlisted May 12, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

\VychofF, Daniel L., Bushnell, enlisted May 11, 1864; prisoner of war at muster out of regiment.

Wells, David L., Bushnell, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

Wilson, Nelson M., Macomb, enlisted May 20, 1864: mustered out May 23. 1865; prisoner of war.

Walker, Robert A., Macomb, enlisted May 20, 1864; mustered out Sept. 24, 1864.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 239

ONE HUNDRED AND FIFTY-FIRST INFANTRY.

COMPANY C.

Captain George C. Steach, Bushnell, commissioned Feb. 26, 1865; resigned June 23, 1865.

Captain Jamea L. Cochran, Macomb, commissioned July 18, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

First Lieutenant Harvey T. Gregg. Industry, commissioned Oct. 4, 1865; discharged June 20, 1865.

Quartermaster Sergeant* Isaiah L. Bailey. Tennessee: mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Commissary Sergeant Zimri M. Parvin. Scotland; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Hospital Steward Wiley C. Langford, Mound: mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Sergeant William H. Parrish, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866, as ser-
geant.

Sergeant Henry Arbogast, Bushnell. enlisted Feb. 19, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Corporal John H. Dixon, Industry, enlisted Feb. 15. 1865: mustered out Jan. 24, 1866, as sergeant.

Corporal Thomas R, Ritenour, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 14 , 1865; died at Columbus, Ga., Sept. 16,
1866.

Corporal John W. Painter. Macomb. enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Corporal Abraham Arthurs, Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 9, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Corporal Rollins Whittlesy. Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 9, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Corporal John H, Snook, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 9. 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Corporal Charles E. Blackburn, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865: mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Musician Wilber C. Clerk, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Musician Richard Hillyer, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Wagoner James S. Kershaw, Bushnell. enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Adams, Albert J., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan 24. 1866.

Atkinson, William H., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865 : mustered out Jan. 24, 1866, as musician.

Broaddus, John R., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 : mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Brink, Stephen, Prairie City enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 : mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Boyer, Silas M., Macomb. enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 : mustered out Jan. 24, 1866, as bugler.

Beaver, Francis M., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered ont Jan. 24, 1866.

Chapman. Henry, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 16, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Campbell, Murray L., Colchester, enlisted Feb, 10, 1665; transferred to Co. H, mustered out Jan.
24, 1866.

Cottrell, William J., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 9, 1865: mustered out January 24, 1866.

Collier, Thomas. Bushnell. enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 : mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Carter, George W.. Bushnell. enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 ; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Davidson, Esikie C., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866,

Davidson, Garrett, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 ; mustered out Sept. 21, 1865.

Dean. Thomas W., Industry, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865 ; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Dace, John. Macomb, enlisted Feb. 16, 1865 ; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

<;ray, James A., New Salem, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Greenwell, Francis M.. Industry, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; Deserted Aug. 1, 1865.

Gadden, Cyrus J.. Industry, Feb. 15, LS65 : mustered out Sept. 1, 1865.

Hinesman," William, Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 : deserted Aug. 1, 1865.

Hickman, Byard, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15. 1865 : deserted Aug. 1. 1865.

Hudsen. Washington W., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865.

Iseman, David, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 ; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Jellison, John, Macomb. enlisted Feb. 18, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24. 1866.

Johnson, Joseph, Industry, enlisted Feb 14. 1865; died at Dalton, Ga., May 1865.

Leighty, Henry, Bushnell, enlisted Feb, 17, 1865; mustered out Jan, 24, 1866, as corporal.

Lester, Calvin, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Langley, Barnett W., Bushnell, Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Liughiiu, Edwin F., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 ; mustered out Jan. 24. 1866.

Miller, Charles C., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 ; mustered out Ian. 24, 1866.

Moore, James W., Industry, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; deserted Aug. 1, 1865.

Muckey. George W., Bushnell, Feb. 15. 1865; deserted Ag. 1. 1865.

Montgomery. John, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865 ; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866, as corporal.

Martin, John B., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15. 1865 ; mustered out Jau. 24, 1866, as corporal.

Mariner. George, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan 24, 1866, as corporal.

Meyer, Benjamin F., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Markham, Byron, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866, as corporal.

McBlvain. George H., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865: mustered out Jan. 22, 1866.

Marsh, Gilbert H., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 9, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

McLaren, John, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Nickerson. David A. or H., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Nash, Andrew W., Prairie 'City, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; deserted Aug. 1, 1865.

Pierson, Thomas, Prairie City, enlisted Feb: 17, 1865; mustered out Jan. .24, 1866.

Pittsinburgen, Martin, Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865: mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Hteel, William, Industry, enlisted Feb. 14. 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Sperling, Rpbert B.. Bushnell, enlisted Feb. )5, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866. as corporal.

Seaffer, Alliver P.. Bardolph, enlisted Feb- 15, 1865; absent sick at muster out of regiment.

Travis, James, Macomb, enlisted Feb. 15. 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, l!>66, as musician.

Tittsworth. John M., Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan 24, 1866.

Towers, Henry J.. Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865: deserted March 7, 1865.

Thompson, John W., enlisted Feb. 17, 1877; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Thompson, Chas. L., Colchester, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Weisbrod, George, Colchester, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24. 1866.

Weisbrod. August, Colchester, Feb; 15, 1865; died at Indianapolis, Ind.. Mur. 1. 1865.

Whittier, Laforrest, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 9, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Wenkler, Leopold, Bushnell, enlisted Feb. 15. 1865; mustered out Jan 24,1866.

Waid, John J., Industry, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24. 1866.

Wolf, Dallas. Macomb. enlisted Feb. 17, 1865; mustered out Jan 24. 1866.

Barry, Robert, Macomb. enlisted Feb. 20. 1865; mustered out Jan 24, 1866.

Cord, Thaddeus C., Macomb, enlisted Feb. 20, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24. 1866.

240 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

COMPANY H.

Corporal Richard N. Pearson, Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 16, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24. 1866.
Brown, Edwin F., Seiota, enlisted Feb. 17, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.
Campbell, Samuel A., Chalmers, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan 24 1866
Carstens, Anthony W., Tennessee, enlisted Feb. 16, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.
Crawford, James, Eldorado, enlisted Feb. 18, 1865; deserted Feb. 18, 1865.
Robert, Lewis, Sciota, enlisted Feb. 18, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.
Humberd, John P., Sciota, enlisted Feb. 18, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.
Kennedy, John, Sciota, enlisted Feb. 18, 1865; deserted Feb. 18, 1865.
McDermitt, Michael, Sciota, enlisted Feb. 18, 1865; deserted Feb. 18, 1865.
McGuire, John, Sciota, enlisted February 18, 1865; deserted February 18, 1865.
McCormick, William, Sciota, enlisted February 18, 1865 ; deserted February 18, 1865.
McPherson, George, Blandinsyille, enlisted February 17, 1865; deserted February 17, 1865.
Maxwell, William, Sciota, enlisted February 18, 1865; mustered out January 24, 1866.

COMPANY I.

Corporal Buchanan Ellis, Blandinsville, enlisted February 16, 1865 ; mustered out Jauuary 24

1866.

Bacon, Daniel, Blandinsville, enlisted February 16, 1865 ; mustered out January 24, 1866.

Dorset, Harrison, New Salem, enlisted February 16. 1865 ; mustered out January 24, 1866.
Graham, Hugh, Blandinsville, enlisted February 1865 ; mustered out January 24, 1865.
Hudson, Washington, Hire, enlisted February 15, 1865: mustered out January 24, 1866.
Herricks, Almerin, New Salem, enlisted February 16, 1865 ; mustered out September 8 1865
Hall, Avory, Blandinsville, enlisted February 16, 1865 ; died at Nashville, March 7, 1865.
Hearus, Hiram ;H., Hire, enlisted February 15, 1865; mustered out January 24. 1866.
Kelsy, John S., Hire, enlisted February 15, 1865 ; deserted August 3, 1865.

_j 1866.

Pryor, Timothy, New Salem, enlisted February 16/1865; musterecTout ; January~24Y 1866.
Roach, Elam A., New Salem, enlisted February 16, 1865 ; mustered out January 24, 1866.-
Robertson, John W., Blandinsville, enlisted February 16, 1865 ; mustered oat January 24, 1866,
Robertson, Barton, Blandin*ville, enlisted February 16, 1865 ; mustered out January 24, 1866.
Strucker, Joseph, New Salem, enlisted February 16^ 1865 ; mustered out January 24, 1866.
\\hitston, Abijah, New Salem, enlisted February 16, 1865 ; mustered out January 24, 1866.

COMPANY K.

Allen, John, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; deserted Feb. 4, 1865

Burrows, Joseph, Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; deserted Feb. 24, 1865.

Caldwell, John, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; deserted Feb, 24, 1865.

Cooper, Robert. Industry, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Evans, Job J., Mound, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Oct. 19, 1865.

Farrell, Michael, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; deserted Feb. 24, 1865.

Farrier, James, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 18, 1865; mustered out January 24. 1866.

Hunsaker, James, Mound, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out Jan. ^ 1866

Hall, George A., Emmet, enlisted Feb. 10, 1865; deserted Feb. 24, 1865.

Lovitt, Thomas, Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; deserted Feb. 24, 1865.

O'Bnen, John, Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; deserted Feb. 24, 1865.

Pike, John, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; deserted Feb. 24, 1865.

Robertson or Roberts, John, Sciota, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; mustered out, Jan. 24, 1866.

Toner, John, W r alnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; deserted Feb. 24. 1865.

Upton, Charles W., Walnut Grove, enlisted Feb. 14, 1865; mustered out Jan. 24, 1866.

Wallace, Benjamin, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 15, 1866; deserted Feb; 24, 1865.

White, Thomas, Emmet, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865; deserted Feb. 24, 1865.

MISCELLANEOUS.

Henry J. Faulkner, Bardolph, enlisted in the Second California Cavalry.

James Depoy, Company A, 54th Ohio; wounded.

Peter Coon, Company H 125th Illinois infantry; discharged Jan.' 22, 1863.

The following men were in Company A 12th Illinois Infantry. They were mustered in United
States service, in Oct., 1864, and mustered out July 10, 1865: Alexander Cochran, Hire- Samuel
Godfrey, Chalmers; George W. Jones, New Salem; William Stark, Walnut Grove; Wm. B. Naylor,

Dr. B. A. Duncan, Company A 138th Illinois Volunteers, enlisted May 5, 1864; mustered out Oct.

Cyrus F. Butler, New Salem, Company C Engineer Regiment of Missouri; died October 18, 1861,
at Ft. Laramie.

The following men were in Company B, First Engineer Regiment of the West, and enlisted from
Prairie City in 1861, and were mustered out Aug. 19, 1864. They were mustered in as Missouri vol-
unteers and therefore not credited to this State: DeWitt C. Folsom, Isaac Y. Folsom, Sylvester
Davie, Altwood Davie, Oliver Halterman, Benjamin Benedict, A. J. DeHass, David Stolcup (died
of wounds at Chattanooga), David Cooper, Joseph Hatfield, James Snyder, Joseph White Vincent
Tally, John Clarrey (died at St. Louis), Wm. Flannagan, Windell Burdell, Wm. Spunagle, Daniel

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 241

jranaglo, Jacob Spunagle. Benjamin K. Hoover. Wm. G. Patton (formerly First Lieutenant and
promoted to Captain after the resignation of DeWitt C. Folsom), Peter Moore, Oliver Moore, Frank
Limb, Richard A. Malony.

H. H.Stevens, mustered into the 5th California Infantry at Sacramento, Cal., Oct. 21, 1861, as

private; promoted to 1st Sergeant: then to 2nd Lieutenant, and then to 1st Lieutenant; and for

"distinguished gallantry " in battle with the Apache Indians, was commissioned Brevet Captain;

ransferred to First California Veteran Infantry, and mustered out at Sante Fe, New Mexico,

in November, 1866.

UNITED STATES VETERAN VOLUNTEERS.

COMPANY A.

McConr.ell, William J., Prairie City, enlisted Feb. 15, 1865: mustered out Feb. 14, 1866.

COMPANY K.

Yandermint, Daniel. New Salem, enlisted April 12, 1865.

Becg. Matthew. Macomb, 5Sth Infantry, enlisted Oct. 19, 1861; d ed at Cairo, Oct. 13, 1863.

^mith, John O., Bushnell, 102d Infantry; mustered out June 6, 1865.

242 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XIX.

FIRST IMPRESSIONS. MARKING STOCK.

In order to show the conflicting opinions of the early settlers
of this county we subjoin the following first impressions formed
of the country as they have narrated them to us, and in their own
words :

Certainly as tine a country as ever was seen. But not timber
enough, even to fence it. SALEM WOODS.

A perfect paradise to look at but not favorable to make a liv-
ing. RICHARD PENNINGTON.

I thought it splendid. Thought it the richest land I ever saw.

GEO. G. GUY.

Thought it a mighty poor place to stop at. Thought it never
would be settled up in the world. WM. J. JACKSON.

Thought it never would be settled up only around the timber.

CHAS. "W. GREENUP.

Thought I had settled on the frontier, and would always have
an outlet. CHARLES CREEL.

Thought it a grand country. SAMUEL McCRAY.

Thought if I lived a year I would go back to Indiana, sure.

JOHN LEDGERWOOD.

I always admired it ; thought it a healthy climate.

JSTELSON CAMPBELL.

Did not fancy the location. ANDREW ALLISON.

Have a good opinion of it ; fine county; land rich, would all
be settled. WM. MOORE.

Got tired of the county in one year. I went to Iowa, but was
awful glad to get back. JOSHUA SIMMONS.

Corn-stalks looked small. Discouraging.

S. C. SIMPSON.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 243

Xo question about the richness of the soil.

WILLIAM McKAMY.

I was wonderful homesick. Thought it a dreary place until
next summer, when everything was pleasant.

M. C. FOSTER.

Didn't like it very well. J. W. FUGATE.

Thought I would never live to see it settled up, for it wouldn't
be for a hundred years. ABRAHAM POWERS.

I thought the country very good and liked it well, but it was
rather cold. Miss MARY YOCUM.

Thought it was a bully country. J. E. D. HAMMER.

Thought it was a good farming country, but not enough timber
to fence it. SILAS CREEL.

I thought it very pretty to look at, but no timber. The prairies
were beautiful, all covered with flowers.

BENJAMIN F. XAYLOR.

Thought the land would never be taken up.

AV. F. WAYLAND.

AVe suppose we could not live two miles from timber, for it
would be too cold. JOHN !N". DUNSWORTH.

Thought it a terrible wild country.

JOSIAH S. HAMILTON.

Pretty cold. Didn't like it at first. MOSES FOSTER.

Didn't think much of the country; thought everything burned
off of the prairie. MRS. CATHERINE PAINTER.

Thought it a pretty wild affair. G. "W. THOMPSON.

Xot yery favorably impressed; hard times; big snow fell on the
fourth of October, 1831. J. S. CAMPBELL.

I liked it first rate. SAMUEL MORROW.

Having traveled a good deal, the impression was good ; much
better than Morgan or Saugamon counties.

SAMUEL E. McCLURE.

Good. Admired the appearance of the country. Did not like
the sudden changes of the weather. GIDEON WATERS.

Awful sick of it. Used to pray to be back in old Pennsyl-
vania. ELLIS CRANE.

Thought it as good as could be. JAMES IN". JACKSON.

Thought pretty well of it. Pretty wild though.

JAMES FULTON.

244 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Didn't think the flat prairies would ever be settled.

WILLIAM L. WILSON.

Thought it a wild world of Indians and wolves.

MRS. LORINA BANKS.

The country looked mighty wild and desolate.

THOMAS F. WILSON.

Darndest, meanest country I ever heard of. J. H. HEAD.

The country looked terrible gloomy. NATHANIEL MUSTAIN.

Thought it the prettiest country in the world. But never ex-
pected the prairies would be settled. NATHANIEL GRIGSBY.

Thought it a very good country. WIILLIAM D. MUSTAIN.

It looked mighty gloomy, WILLIAM HARDESTY.

Didn't like cold^weather. Pretty dismal looking country. '

HUGH CONNERS.

I thought it the garden spot of the world. DAVID SEYBOLD.

Thought it devilish cold, but a good country.

JOHN O. C. WILSON.

In the earlier days all stock was permitted to run at large, and
in order that one might distinguish his or her property, a mark
was placed upon the animal, and a record of the same made in the
County Clerk's oflice at Macomb. The following are specimens
of the same taken from the old records :

William Job records his mark as follows, to-wit: A crop oft of
the left ear and a swallow fork in the right ear. This second day
of September, 1830.

John Hardesty records his mark as follows : A small crop off
of the left ear. Oct. 6, 1830.

James Clark records his mark as follows : A crop off of and
an under bit in right ear, and a split in the left ear. Dec. 8, 1830.

Daniel Campbell records his mark as follows : A small crop
and an under bit out of the right ear, and an open bit in the left
ear. May 16, 1831.

William Osborn records his mark as follows: An under half
crop in each ear. June 10, 1831.

William Pennington records his mark as follows : A crop and
an under bit in the right, and a crop and slit in the left ear. July
16, 1831.

HISTORY OF M'DONOU<;H COUNTY 245

Elias McFadden records his mark, to-wit : A crop off' of the
right and an under bit in the left ear, and his brand, M. C. and
flour dealers. Aug. 2, 1831.

Robert Grant records his mark, to-wit : A crop, a slit, and an
undor bit in the left ear. Feb. 4, 1832.

James Head records his mark and brand, viz: A smooth crop
off of the right and an under bit in the left ear, and his brand, J.
H. May 12, 1832.

Peter S. Wood records his mark, viz : A square crop off of the
left and a hole in the same ear, and a square crop off of the right
ear. Oct. 6, 1832.

Salem Woods records his mark, viz : A crop and blit in each ear.
Jan. 23, 1833.

John Cannon records his mark, viz: A smooth crop off of the
left ear and an over bit in the same, and an over bit in the right
ear. Dec. 13, 1834.

Daniel Seybold records his mark, viz : A crop off of both ears and
an under bit in the left, and a slit in the right ear. May 30, 1835.

Levi Hamilton records his mark as follows, viz : A crop oft' of
each ear, and a slit on each ear and an under slit in the left ear.
September 5, 1835.

Willis Wayland record his mark viz: A crop and two slits in the
left and an under bit in the right ear. December 31, 1836.

James Vest, records his mark as follows : A crop off of each
ear and a slit in the right. November 23, 1838.

John W. McCord records his mark as follows : A crop and an
under bit and a split in the left ear and an under bit and a split
in the right ear. June 7, 1838.

Samuel Humberd records his mark, viz : A slope to a point in
each ear. January 29, 1839.

Samuel C. Dewey records his mark, viz : The left ear cut en-
tirely off from his jaw and a long slit in the right hind leg, also,
a brand next side to the fence. March 9, 1839.

Lewis Mason his mark, viz : A hole and a slit. January 12,
1839.

Timothy Robinson records his mark, viz : Two slits in the left
ear and a half penny in the underside of the right ear. June 2,
1845.

H16

246 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

James Greenwill records his mark as follows, viz : An-under
slope on under side of each ear, both ears foxed to a sharp point
on the under side of the ears. August 13, 1873.

Jeremiah Sullivan records his mark as follows, to-wit : Letter
S on the left side of the rump, ear mark ; a crop off the right ear
and a split in the left ear. 1854.

Nancy Ryan records her mark as follows : Cattle branded on
both horns with the letters IN". R., and a split on the side of the
right ear, the wrong side of the li turned down, and the K at the
top of the horn. Hay mark: A split on the top of the right ear
and a crop off the top of the ear with a notch on the side of the
left ear and the tail cut short, lives in Colchester. March 3, 1858.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 247

CHAPTER XX.

NEW COURT HOUSE AND JAIL.

At the September term, 1868, of the Board of Supervisors a
resolution was adopted setting forth that it was the sense of the
Board that steps should at once be taken for the erection ot a new
court house. For some twelve or fourteen years the question of a
building better suited to the wants of the county had been agi-
tated, but no definite action taken. Almost every grand jury
during that time condemned the old building as being insecure
and a disgrace to the county, but the Board of Supervisors had
not the nerve to say, we will build.

In May, 1863, James M. Campbell, Esq., was appointed by the
Board to confer with the Council of the city of Macomb in refer-
ence to the subject of a new building, the Board being of the
opinion that "the city ought to contribute liberally in the con-
struction of a new court house." At the September meeting of
the Board Mr. Campbell reported, and a communication was also
received from a special committee appointed by the council de-
clining to take action in the matter at that time for certain reasons
therein set forth. The communication from the City Council was
.answered, setting forth the necessity for a new court house and
stating that nothing would be done unless the city should do its
part. A small sum of money was offered at this session of the
Board for the best plan of a new court house, and at its next ses-
sion in December, 1863, "W. C. McLeod, being the only person re-
sponding, was allowed the amount.

At the September term, 1864, a resolution was passed request-
ing our member of the Legislature to have an act passed author-
izing the county to issue bonds to the amount of fifty thousand
dollars for the purpose of applying the same toward the said
building.

248 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

At the March term, 1865, the Board appointed a committee of
three to confer with a like committee appointed by the Council
of the city of Macomb in reference to the location of the proposed
building. No further action was taken in the matter until the
September meeting of the Board in the year 1868, when Super-
visor Taylor, of Industry, offered the following resolution :

WHEREAS, It is apparent to all candid-minded men that the safety of our land records,
upon which the title to the land of all our citizens rests, and of the records of both our
Circuit and County Courts, as well as the Board of Supervisors, upon the preservation of
which depends vast public and private rights of the whole body of the people of the
county, now rendered the more striking from their narrow escape from destruction by
the elements, and the dilapidated and crumbling condition of our present court house :
by many deemed not only unsafe for the people to meet in while the courts are being
held, but, as all know, wholly inadequate to accommodate the jurors and others connected
with the administration of justice, absolutely demands the laying aside all local feeling and
prejudice, but acting solely upon a high sense of duty to the people of the whole county
that we should at once proceed to take the necessary steps to build a court house adequate
for the wants of the large and daily increasing population of our county, and a safe
depository of its public records and archives ; therefore,

Resolced, That it is the sense of this Board that measures be taken at its present
meeting to secure, with as little delay as possible, the building of a suitable court house
in this county.

Supervisor AVhite submitted the following resolution, which
was likewise adopted :

Resolved. That this Board appoint L. G. Reid a committee to procure plans and speci-
fications for the erection of a new court house in McDonough county, and the probable
cost of the same ; and to confer with the City Council of Macomb, or others, for the
purpose of knowing the amount said city or others will appropriate to build said house :
and to report to this Board, at an adjourned meeting of said Board, to be held on the first
Monday in October next, at one o'clock P. M.

A feeling existed among the members of the Board that the
city of Macomb should contribute largely toward the erection ot
the proposed building. At this adjourned meeting, held in Oc-
tober, Supervisor Mustain submitted the following resolution,
which was passed by the Board :

Resolved, That this Board refuse to erect a Court House in the city of Macomb until
said city become legally obligated to donate in aid of the construction of the same twenty
thousand dollars.

The committee appointed by the Board to confer with the City
Council of the city of Macomb, met with that body and presented
their report. The Council voted to donate the sum of. fifteen
thousand dollars, and refused to advance above that a single dol-
lar. The Board of Supervisors still maintained they would do
nothing in relation to the building until the city complied with
its demands. The city of Bushnell was endeavoring to effect the
removal of the county seat to that point, and many of the citizens

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 249

of Macomb became fearful they would succeed. At this juncture,
X. P. Tinsley, Esq., went before the City Council of Macomb and
offered to assume the payment of the extra tive thousand dollars
demanded by the County Board, giving his obligation to the city
for that amount, provided the city would accede to the demands
of the Board to donate the amount of twenty thousand dollars.
Upon the eighth day of October, 1868, the following agreement
was made and signed by the respective parties :

This agreement made this eighth day of October, 1868, between the city of Macomb,
McDonough county, Illinois, by Joseph P. TJpdegraff, Mayor, and William E. Withrow,
Clerk of said city, agents of said city, duly appointed by the city council of said city
for this purpose, and the county of McDonough aforesaid, by J. B. Kyle, Chairman, ap-
pointed the agent of the Board of Supervisors of said county for the said purpose of
the second part, witnesseth, that, whereas, the Board of Supervisors of said county have
in contemplation the erection of a court house and jail for said county, and the parties
herein having had mutual propositions involving the location of said house on certain
conditions in the city of Macomb aforesaid which have been accepted by the parties, i*
is hereupon agreed as follows, to-wit : That the Board of Supervisors will erect a court
house in the city of Macomb at such point as the said Board may determine, with which
the said Board may, if they see fit, combine a jail for said county, the said court house
with or without said jail to cost not less than seventy-five thousand dollars, and to be un-
dertaken and completed in a reasonable time. It is moreover agreed that the said Board
shall at this present session levy, and when the ordinary taxes for said county are col-
lected for the current year, they shall cause to be collected towards the erection of said
building the sum of one per cent, on the assessed property of said county. Also it is
agreed that they shall take steps to carry forward the said building as fast as the late-
ness of the season, and the extent of the enterprise will reasonably allow.

In consideration of said agreement it is also hereby agreed on the part of said city
that there shall be paid by the said city to the said county for said purpose, in addition
to the share of taxes laid by the said Board on the property in the said city, the sum of
twenty thousand dollars, in three equal payments : the first, on the first day of May,
1869 ; the second, on the first day of May, 1870 ; and the third, on the first day of May,
1871.

It is also agreed that should the said city pay the whole or any part of said moneys in
manner as agreed, and the said Board for any cause should fail to complete the said
house in a reasonable time, or should abandon the enterprise, that whatever the said city
may have advanced in the enterprise shall be refunded to the city : provided, however,
this "reasonable time"' is not to be construed so as to hurry the said Board faster than a
due regard to the quality of the building, the extent of the building, and the ordinary
mode of erecting similar buildings of good grade in other counties of the State, will
allow.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set our han'ds and seal, the day and year just
above written.

J. P. UPDEGRAFF,

Mayor of the city of Macomb.
W. E. WITHBOW,

Clerk of the city of Macomb.
J. B. KYLE,
Chairman of the Board of Supervisors of McDonough county, Illinois.

250 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

This settled the question of the erection of a new Court House.
L. G. Reid, in behalf of the county, advertised for plans and speci-
fications, and in due time one submitted by E. E. Myers, of
Springfield, Illinois, was adopted. Rooms were rented in Bailey's
new block, on the northeast corner of the square, for county offi-
ces, and the offices were at once removed thereto. The work of
demolishing the old building began, and the lot cleared for the
erection of a building that would be an honor to the progressive
county of McDouough.

On the twenty-ninth of December following, at an adjourned
meeting of the Board, bids were opened for building the Court
House, according to the plans and specifications agreed upon.
The following comprised the number and the amounts bid :

B. F. Bushnell & Co f 160,000

Peakman & Messenger 165,768

D. J. Silver 147,500

Same (modified) 133,650

A. Walbaum & Co 156,000

Mahannah & Dey 125,000

W. A. Williamson 146,300

C. R. Underwood & Bro 159,250

Same (modified) 141,000

Martin & Thomas 145,000

W. D. Richardson 140,000

Same (modified) 142,600

The bids of all were rejected, and an effort made to have the
house built according to the plans furnished by Mr. Myers, the
county becoming its own contractor. A resolution to this effect
was offered by Mr. Reid, but voted down. Advertisements were
again inserted for proposals, and the time set for the disposal of
the same on the second day ot February, 1869. Accordingly, on
the said day, the Board met, when the following proposals were
opened :

D. J. Silver f 129,900

William Young 110,000

Walbaum & Co 129,000

Deakman & Messenger 143,620

Johnson & Askew ... * 137,000

Richardson 138,750

Mahannah & Dey 136,000

Peter Burns 137,000

Martin & Thomas 139,750

Underwood & Co 143,800

A petition was presented at this meeting, signed by sundry cit-
izens of the county, praying the board not to expend more than

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 251

seventy-five thousand dollars in the erection of the court house.
A committee was appointed to act upon the same, who reported
to the board that, recognizing the right of citizens to be heard,
they would report it "inexpedient to go back on our work and
open the door for new litigation," and that they were satisfied
that a good fire-proof building, suitable for the purposes of the
county, could not be built for that amount.

The bids being duly examined by the board, that of Walbaum
& Co., of Chicago, was adopted as being the lowest and best.
Messrs. AValbaum & Co. immediately entered into contract with
the county for the erection of the building, and proceeded with
the work. L. G. Eeid, Esq., of Larnoine, was selected by the
Board, at a salary of $1,200 per year, to superintend its construc-
tion and entered zealously upon the discharge of his duties.

Although the contract called for the completion of the building
by the first of Xovember, 1870, it was not until the summer of
1872 it was finished. AVe now have a building in which every
citizen of the county feels a just pride, and erected in a good sub-
stantial manner, fireproof throughout. The following is the total
cost of the building and the entire furniture and surroundings:

Contractor's price $129.000

Heating apparatus 5,650

Furniture 5,777

Fence 6,289

Drainage 2.608

Architect 1.800

Superintendent 3,427

Bell 651

Lightning rods 168

Total $155.370

DESCRIPTION OF THE COURT HOUSE.

The exterior of the building presents an imposing appearance
and harmonious picture from whatever point of view it is
approached. It is situated in the center of the square, in the city
of Macomb, in the midst of a beautifully decorated yard, enclosed
by a neat and substantial iron fence. This square is in the center
of the city and within a few hundred yards of the exact center of
the county. The building is one of the neatest and best in the
State used for a like purpose, and one to which every resident of
the county points with pride. The many valuable public records
of the county are considered safe within it walls.

252

The building is of modern style of architecture, and is three
stories in height above the basement. The basement story is built
of Sagetown limestone, which gives the structure the appearance
of solidity, and is in beautiful contrast with the red brick with
which are built the exterior walls of the main -and second stories.
The openings and corners of the building are also trimmed with
the same kind of stone. The outside walls of the fourth, or en-
tresol, story are covered with slate and the roof with tin. The
roof, which is Mansard, presents a neat appearance, and is ele-
gantly trimmed with cast-iron trimmings.

There are four entrances leading into the corridors of the main
story, one in the center of either side, and one in each end. Each
of these open from a portico constructed of iron and stone, and
reached by fine, wide stone steps. Under each portico, except
the one on the north, and directly below the main entrances, are
openings leading into the halls of the basement. The building is
surmounted by a fine belfry, which rises from the west end. It
contains a large town clock, the bell of which, weighing fifteen
hundred pounds, peels forth the hours as they pass. On four sides,
and in plain view from all points, are large dials, with huge hands
pointing to the hour and minute. The entire frame-work of the
belfry is constructed of wrought iron. From this belfry a fine
view is obtained of the surrounding country for many miles, it
being the highest available point in the county.

The ground plan of the building is 114 feet long, by 72 wide.
The front walls are broken by projections forming an irregular
outline. Large halls pass through the basement and main stories.
The floors of the walls in the basement are made of stone, while
those in the first and second stories are marble tiling, twelve inch-
es square. The partition walls, with few exceptions, are made of
brick, upon which rests heavy wrought iron beams and joints for
the support of the floors. The ceilings are of corrugated iron,
painted white. The halls are wainscotted throughout with black
walnut and ash. The doors are large and heavy and made of
ash, with Black walnut trimmings, while the inside window shut-
ters and casings are of the same materials.

In the center of the south side, leading from the basement to
the fourth floor is a broad, iron stairway, while one in the west
end of the building, south of the main entrance, leads from the
basement to the third floor. Leading from the fourth floor to the
balcony of the belfry is an iron spiral stairway.

OLD JAIL, <>U 'M.'ALABOOaE." AT MAfnMIS.

NEW JAIL BUILDING AT MACOMB.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 253

In the basement is the room for the engine used for heating
purposes, fuel and storage rooms, water closets and bath-rooms.
The main floor has commodious apartments for the County Judge,
County and Circuit Clerks, Sheriff, Treasurer, and School Super-
intendent, with fireproof vaults for public records. On the third
floor are several good offices, the private room of the Circuit
Judge, office of the County Surveyor, jury room and council room
of the city of Macomb, also the Circuit Court room, which occu-
pies the eastern portion of the second and third stories. This
room is quite large, with ample provision for the bar, witnesses,
jury and spectators, being seated with about four hundred arm
chairs. The rooms in the upper etory are used principally for
storage purposes. There are in the entire building thirty-four
rooms, all of which are heated by steam, the principal rooms
being provided, in addition, with fireplaces and mantles. Its ven-
tilation is good and throughout it is supplied with all the modern
improvements. The entire cost of the building was 128,000 and
its furniture 27,000. E. E. Myers, of Springfield, was the archi-
tect; A. ^Yalbaum, of Chicago, the contractor; Martin & Thomas,
of Macomb, carpenters and cabinet work; Frank Whitson, plas-
terer; Ingram & Arganbright, painters.

On the completion of the new Court House, the subject of a
new jail began to be agitated more than ever. The old rattle-
trap was pronounced by the different grand juries unsafe and a
great nuisance. Large bills of expense were continually being
presented to the Board of Supervisors for guarding the jail and
repairs, so that the members began to consider if it would not be
more economical to build than to pay out the people's money in
that manner. Several attempts were made to have the matter
favorably acted upon, but it was not until the beginning of the
year 3 876 that it was successful. A committee had been ap-
pointed to examine the Knox county jail and had made a report
recommending the adoption of the same plan with some modifica-
tions. Advertisements were inserted in the Macomb papers, one
Quincy, and one Chicago paper, and in March the bids were opened
and contract awarded to J. M. Price & Co., of Macomb, for the
sum of $28,000. Without any delay the work was commenced
and completed, and at present is occupied by the sheriff and fam-
ily, with the prisoners of the county. The work was done in an
excellent manner, and the prison is as safe as it is possible to make
it. The front part of the building, which is occupied by the

254 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

sheriff, presents a very handsome appearance, and the whole is an
honor to the county. It may be thought at times that our county
authorities are a little slow, but when they do anything they do
it not by halves they make complete work of it. The following
is the total cost of building, ground, &c. Building $23,000, lots
$900, barn, fences, walks, &c., $1,722 99, making a grand total of
$25,622 99.

Description. The entire building is in height two stories, with
basement; the front portion, or sheriff 's residence, is 35x42 feet, the
jail proper 35x40. The architectural design is modern, very neat
and well proportioned, presenting, on the whole, a light, cheerful
appearance. The basement is constructed f limestone, with the
exterior surface rough ; the walls of the main building are of red
brick, the openings being trimmed with stone trimmings. In the
sheriffs residence are eight pleasant rooms, with closets, ward-
robes and halls. There are three entrances, all leading into this
portion of the building. In the jail are twenty-four cells, each
4Jx7 feet, and seven in height, the walls of which are of six-inch
limestone flagging. The cells are arranged in six tiers, four in
length and three in height, one-half opening toward the east and
one-half toward the west, into corridors eleven feet wide. The
upper cells are reached by stairway and balcony, which extends in
front of each tier. Beneath each of the lower tier of cells are
seven feet of solid concrete. In the north end is the prison din-
ing hall, 12x35 feet. Separating the dining hall from the corridors
are partitions of seven-eight inch iron grating, with an iron slide
door, which is worked from the hall of the dwelling. The doors
ot the cells are all locked from the dining hall, so arranged that
the sheriff' or attendants are not required to come into contact
with the prisoners. Above the cells are two large iron tanks,
capable ot holding eighty barrels each, from which the prisoners
are supplied with water for bathing purposes. In the dining hall
is a force pump leading from the well, which supplies drinking
water. Extending from the basement through the roof is a ven-
tilating flue, 3x4 feet, with which each cell is connected, and
affording ample ventilation. The outer door, leading from the
dwelling to the dining hall of the jail, is solid wrought iron ; the
inner one a grated V door. The heating furnace and fuel rooms
occupy the basement. In the rear portion of the second story of
the dwelling are the female and debtor apartments, consisting of
three large, well lighted rooms. There is also in this part the

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 255

sleeping apartment ot the turnkey, and a large sized bath room.
The jail proper has a bath room also, for the accommodation of
the prisoners. A large vault is in the main part, for the storage
of stolen property recovered. The entire building is covered with
a tin roof. A neat iron fence surrounds the lot on which it
stands, which adds much to its general appearance. The jail
proper was first occupied the latter part of November, 1876, four
prisoners being taken there from the old jail. Sheriff Hays took
possession of the dwelling on the first of January, 1877.

"William Quale, of Peoria. was the architect; J. M. Price &
Co., of Macomb, contractors ; "W. O. Thomas did the carpenter
work ; Johnson & Co., mason work ; Patrick Ferman, plasterer ;
Ingram & Argenbright, painters, all being of Macomb. The en-
tire work was superintended by William C. McLeod, of Emmet
townships. The building stands upon the corner of West Jack-
son and McArthur streets.

The following comprises a full and complete list of the names
of all elective officers serving the county, and name of office :

County Commissioners. James Clarke, John Hardesty, James
Vance, James Edmonstou, Enoch Cyrus, Nathan Ward, Caville
Archer, Stewart Pennington, Asa Smith, William W. Bailey,
John Vance, John Wyatt, Hugh Kinkade, John Huston, Isaac G.
Smith, William Furguson, John G. Woodside, Robert Bean,
Charles C. Hungate, Samuel Calvin.

Judge, of Probate Court. John Baker, James M. Campbell.
Willarn Willis, James Clarke.

County Judge. James Clarke, Thompson Chandler, L. A. Sim-
mons, J. B. Nickel, James Irwin, Jonathan H. Baker.

County Clerk. Michael Stinson, John Baker, James M. Camp-
bell, Isaac Grantham, J. H. Baker, James W. Matthews, William
Ervin, Q. C. Ward, Allen A. Sparks, Charles W. Dines.

Circuit Clerk M. L. Stinson, James M. Campbell, William T.
Head, William H. Randolph, J. B. Cummings, John H. Hungate,
Benjamin F. Pinkley, I. X. Pearson.

Sheriffs Wm. Southward, Lawson II. Robinson, Daniel Camp-
bell, Wm. II. Randolph, D. Lawson, Sydnor H. Hogan, Francis
D. Lipe, George A. Taylor, Silas J. Hopper, Amos Dixon, G. L.
Farwell, Samuel Wilson, John E. Lane, Thomas Murray, Samuel
Frost, J. B. Venard, Chas. C. Hays.

256 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Coroners Peter Hale, Isaac Bartlett, Job a Woodsides, Richard
S. Lowe, John P. Head, Caleb T. Overton, Charles Chandler,
James Anderson, Wm. Willis Clayton, John P. Head, Samuel II.
McCandless, David Reeee, J. II. Epperson, J. H. Swigart, Isaac
P. Monfort, Jeremiah Sullivan, Wm. "W. Head, J. H. Epperson,
1). W. Campbell, W. E. Pittman, W. H. Wayland, George W.
Reid.

Treasurers. John Huston, Resin Baylor, William Willis, Jessie
M. Chapman, Iverson L. Twyman, John W. Westfall, William T.
Head, Samuel E. Taylor, John S. . Wooley, Theodore B. McCor-
mick, John Knappenberger, W. H. H. Hainline, SydnorH. Hogan,
S. A. Hunt, Anthony Thornton, J. W. Siders, John Neff.

Surveyors. Jesse Bartlett, James W. Brattle, Charles W. Bacon,
Samuel A. Hunt, H. I. C. Averill, William H. Rile, Charles A.
Gilchrist, A. J. White, J. B. Nickel, W. J. Edie, James Shannon,
B. F. Howard.

School Commissioner. James Vance, Benjamin T. Nay lor, Isaac
Grantham, Josiah P. Gates, Charles Chandler, John 0. C. Wilson,
James R. Simpson, Thomas E. Branan, Joseph C. Thompson,
Louis A. Simmons, John Barge, D. Branch, L. H. Copeland, John
M. Dunsworth, H. A. Maxwell.

State's Attorney. Thomas Ford, William A. Richardson, Henry
L. Bryant, William Elliott, Robert S. Blackwell, Calvin A. War-
ren, John S. Bailey, L. II. Waters, Thomas E. Morgan, L. W.
James.

County Attorney. Crosby F. Wheat.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 257

CHAPTER XXI.

OTHER RAILROADS.

As recorded elsewhere, McDonough county voted, in 1856, to
take stock in the Rock Island and Alton Railroad Company, to
the amount of fifty thousand dollars. This was on condition that
Macomb should be a point on that road. With the Northern
Cross, now Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad, we had an
outlet east : with the Rock Island and Alton we would secure an
outlet south, and would have the benefit of competing markets
for our produce, and also for our general trade. After several
years attempt to obtain sufficient funds to build the road, the
managers were forced to the conclusion they could not obtain the
means, so the franchises of the road were sold to the Rockford,
Rock Island & St. Louis Railroad. This last named company
started out with a grand flourish of trumpets, and with the boast
that they would finish the road in short order.

Aid had been voted the Rock Island & Alton Railroad all along
its proposed line. This the new company were desirious of ob-
taining and, knowing the people were very desirous of having the
road built, they imagined they would have no trouble in the mat-
ter. They announced their intention of building upon the origi-
nal line specified in the charter of the Rock Island and St. Louis
Railroad, and then immediately began the canvass on other pro-
posed routes, and making offers to build thereon on condition that
the counties and townships would take a sufficient amount of
stock to make it an object for them. The object of this was to
make two or more proposed lines enter into competition, and so
obtain the largest amount of money possible. In this they suc-
ceeded well, obtaining large amounts from the townships through
which the road finally ran. The eastern Hi e gained the day.

258 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

securing the road and voting the following subscriptions in the
various townships through which it runs, or is supposed to benefit,
in McDonough county :

Eldorado $6,000

New Salem 50,000

Mound 40,000

Bushnell 50,000

Walnut Grove 15,000

The officers of the road continually held out the idea to the
people along the original line that the road would be built there ;
the eastern line, if built at all, would only be a branch of the
main line. The result does not speak well for their veracity.

While the matter was pending as to the location of the road a
demand was made upon the county for the bonds voted to the
Rock Island and Alton railroad a few years previous. The de-
mand was at first refused, but finally, at a meeting held in the
year 1870, the Board of Supervisors passed an order instructing
the clerk to issue the same and deposit them with the Auditor of
State to be delivered to the road when the conditions on which
aid was voted were complied with. The bonds remained with the
Auditor for several years, until all were fully satisfied the company
would never comply with the conditions named in the vote, when
they were returned to the Board.

As built, the road has never been a paying investment. This
may in a measure be due to the management, and we are inclined
to believe that such is the case. Other roads crossing it have re-
fused to co-operate or extend toward it the usual courtesies due
from one road to another. This has been particularly true as re-
gards the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy railroad, it refusing to
transfer cars and compelling all freight to be taken out of the cars
and reloaded into cars belonging to themselves, thus entailing ad-
ditional expense an^loss of time upon the shipper.

In the spring of 1875 the road was sold under mortgage, the
German bondholders becoming the purchasers. For about one
year, under the management of Mr. Osterberg, as their represen-
tative, they continued to operate it ; but in the early part of the
summer of 1876 a new company was formed, composed in part of
the German bondholders and leading business men on the line,
to whom the franchises of the road were transferred. This com-
pany changed its name to the St. Louis, Rock Island and Chicago
Railroad. They only continued in its management for about four or

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 259

five mouths, when it again changed hands, this time the Chicago,
Burlington and Quincy Railroad Company becoming its purchaser.
Under the management of this last named company the success
of the road is secured, and we have no doubt of it becoming a
paying road in due time.

We have been unable to obtain a statement of the business of
the road, as we designed, the officers declining to give it, for rea-
sons known only to themselves.

At a special meeting of the Board of Supervisors, held in
January, 1870, a petition was presented, signed by a number of
the citizens of the county, prayiug that a vote should be ordered
taken on subscribing stock to the amount of $75,000, in a pro-
posed new railroad, called the Havana, Mason City, Lincoln and
Eastern Eailroad. The prayer of the petitioners was granted,
and the vote ordered to be taken on the fifth day of April
following the day of the annual town elections. This order was
rescinded at the March term of the Board, for the reason it was
thought that the promises held out by the parties representing
said road could not be complied with, and therefore it would be
unwise to vote upon the proposition.

260 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XXII.

NEWSPAPER ENTERPRISES.

A history of the county without mention of its newspapers would
be incomplete like the play of Hamlet with the part of Hamlet
left out. We therefore make mention of the history of such as
were easily obtainable. The first paper in the county was the

McDonough Independent. This paper was established in the
year 1851, the first issue making 'its appearance Friday, Septem-
ber 12. George W. Smith and Theodore L. Terry were its pro-
prietors, the former having charge of the editorial department.
As its name would indicate, it was independent in politics, though
leaning somewhat toward Democracy. It first appeared as a six
column folio, being enlarged to a seven column folio the beginning
ot its second year. Mr. Smith, its editor, was a sharp writer,
and in newspaper discussion, almost always came off first best.
Mr. Terry was a practical printer, and had charge of the mechan-
ical work of the office. He only remained connected with the
paper about five months, when he disposed of his interest to
the senior proprietor. The paper never attained a very large cir-
culation, and Mr. Smith not being possessed of any means, could
not give it the attention he would otherwise. The merchants of
the town do not seem to have been the best advertisers ; no local
notices appearing, and but few standing or displayed advertise-
ments. Patent medicine men used its columns freely. In the first
number we find only the advertisements of three firms, Updegraft
& Maury, druggists and booksellers, and' D. & C. A. Lawson, and
"W. & H. Ervin, general merchandise. Hampton & Waters have a
law card, and Dr. J. M. Major a medical card. Several Beards-
town and St. Lous firms have cards, showing that in those days
the trade drifted South.

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 261

The Independent continued to pursue a non-partisan course un-
til the fall of 1854, when it came out square for the Democracy,
advocating the doctrine of the Kansas-Nebraska bill, and oppos-
ing the repeal of the fugitive slave law, questions then agitating
the people. With the first number of the fourth volume, to its
original heading it added, "and Democratic Review," making it
read, McDonough Independent and Democratic Review. This
name was retained until September, 1855, when it was changed to
McDonough Democrat, and R. M. Royalty associated in its man-
agement and becoming the responsible editor. In his salutatory,
Dr. Royalty says : " Venerating the cardinal doctrines of the great
Democratic party, as transmitted to us from the hands of Jeffer-
son, Madison and Jackson, and having an abiding faith that the
party will retain its integrity, unsullied and untrammeled by the
cankering fetters of fanaticism, our humble efforts will be direct-
ed to the advancement of the party and the dissemination of cor-
rect principles among the people, in whom alone we recognize,
under the restrictions of the constitution, the only legitimate source
of power and independent sovereignty. Resting under this con-
viction, and that the doctrine of non-intervention by Congress in
the affairs of the States and Territories embraced in the late
Kansas-Xebraska bill is strictly constitutional, just and expedient,
we shall earnestly contend for the finality of that measure, and the
defeat of the allied factions of Abolitionism, Know-Xothingism,
Fusionism and Republicanism, 'falsely so called,' which are
arrayed against it." The doctor only remained connected with
the paper about one year, when it again reverted to Mr. Smith,
who continued editor and publisher until its final suspension in
the spring of 1857.

The Macomb Journal In consequence of the expression of po-
litical views of the McDonough Independent, a professedly neu-
tral paper, many persons in Macomb were desirous of establishicg
another paper, and two young men, Messrs. T. S. Clarke and D.
G. Swan were persuaded to embark in the enterprise, and under
the name of the Macomb Enterprise the first number was issued
in the spring of 1855. A favorable impression was made upon
the people and the paper received a fair patronage, but, on ac-
count of the want of capital Mr. Clarke soon withdrew, and the
paper was conducted for a while by D. G. Swan, with L. H. Waters
as editor. Finding it impossible to continue without financial
H 17

262 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

assistance, Mr. Swan sold a half interest in the office to B. R.
Hampton, who, as editor, continued in its charge for several years,
becoming after a time sole proprietor. The paper was established
as a neutral sheet, but soon came out as a supporter of the views
of the anti-Nebraska and then the Republican party, and in the
campaign of 1856 supporting the nominee of the Republican
party for President. In politics the paper still continues to sup-
port Republican principles.

Just before the campaign of 1860 Mr. Hampton sold the office
to J. W. Nichols, who continued its publication for some two
years, a part of the time being assisted in editorial control by V.
Y. Ralston, Esq., afterward Captain of Company A, 16th regi-
ment Illinois volunteers. In the spring of 1861 Mr. Nichols sold
a half interest in the office to James K. Magie, Esq., who assumed
editorial control and remained in that capacity until the summer of
1862, when he enlisted as a private in the 78th regiment. After
Mr. Magie went to the front Mr. Nichols assumed editorial con-
trol and continued in its management until Mr. Magie purchased
his interest in 1863, when T. S. Clarke leased the office and ran
the paper for some months, or until the expiration of Mr. Magie's
term of service. We neglected to remark that when Mr. Nichols
purchased the office the name of the paper was changed to Mili-
tary Tract Journal, and when Mr. Magie became interested it was
.again changed to Macomb Journal, which name it yet bears.

After the return of Mr. Magie from the army he continued in
the management of the paper until 1865, \vhen he sold the office
to B. R. Hampton, Esq., who continued sole editor and proprietor
until June 10, 1870, when he disposed of a halt interest in the
office to W. H. Hainline, Esq., the two together becoming joint
editors and proprietors, which relation is yet continued. The
paper has grown from a weak, sickly sheet to one of the strongest
and brightest papers in the Military Tra'ct, with a circulation sec-
ond to none in that region. Its editors are both live, public-
spirited men and deserve success. It is now a large, eight-column
f jlio, printed on new brevier type on a Taylor power press, which
15 run by steam, the old hand press being superseded some years
since. Terms, $2 per year. Address Hampton & Hainline.

The Macomb Ledger. This paper was established in Macomb,
in 1866, by T. 8. Clarke, and only lived about four weeks. It
was a sprightly local sheet, and had it been continued it would
doubtless have done considerable good. Its editor and proprietor

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 263

was one of the best local writers in the State, but being possessed
of no pecuniary resources, without which no paper can succeed,
he was compelled to suspend its publication. B. R. Hampton
became proprietor of the office, and sent it to Havana, Mason
county.

The Western Light. This paper was established by S. J. Clarke
and Charles P. Whitten, in January, 1868. It was a large five-
column quarto, well printed from new type, and was devoted to
literature, art, science, temperance and local news. Many warm
words of commendation were passed upon it; but words are
cheap and will not support any periodical. It lived just one
year. Mr. Whitten was connected with the paper but about four
months, when Mr. Clarke became sole proprietor. The office was
disposed of to Reynolds and Garrison, in December, 1868, and was
used in printing the Gospel Echo for about one year, when B. R.
Hampton became proprietor. The material since has had a very
migratory existence, and has been used in publishing several dif-
ferent papers in Missouri and in this State, and in now used in the
publication of the Macomb Independent.

The BuLshnell Record. This paper was first established in 1865
by D. G. Swan, and was then known as the Union Press. Mr. S.
continued its publication about two years, when he sold to Andrew
Hageman, who changed the name of the sheet to its present cog-
nomen, The Bushell Record. Although without previous experi-
ence in the newspaper business, Mr. Hageman got up a very
readable paper. After two years experience in newspaper life,
Mr. II. sold the press and material, together with the good will of
the paper, to A. W. Van Dyke, a young gentleman of good address
and one of the best job printers in the State, who in turn sold to
S. A. Epperson and W. A. Spencer in 1873. The latter gentle-
man dissolved his connection with the same after one year's ex-
perience, Captain S. A. Epperson becoming sole proprietor, and
yet continues in control of the same.

Like many other newspaper enterprises, the Record has had its
ups and downs, its seasons of prosperity and seasons of adversity ;
but it has continued to toil on, looking forward to the better day
coming. We now find it, in the beginning of the year 1877, a
large six column quarto, filled with interesting and profitable read-
ing matter, and with advertising patronage that betokens pros-
perity, and that the family of its editor can have and enjoy a
little more than the bare necessaries of life.

264

The Record has lately added to its office a Campbell power
press, and now boasts of doing its work a little faster and a little
better than its neighbors. The job office is complete, and work
of all kinds, from a visiting card to a mammoth poster, or a large
book, can be printed in the best style. Captain Epperson is de-
termined not to be outdone in anything, and will not rest until he
is in advance of all his neighbors in that which goes to make a
first class printing office, and a neat readable paper.

Prairie City Chronicle. This was the name of the first paper
published in the town of Prairie City, the first number of which
bears date April 23, 1857. It was edited and published by R. W.
Seaton, and was a seven-column folio, well printed, and an honor
to the town, although its local news was very limited. The intro-
ductory shows that its editor was very sanguine of success. In
speaking of its then limited circulation, he says : "Our circle at
present is small, like that of a pebble dropped in the ocean, but it
will gradually and silently expand in every direction until it
reaches the far-off boundaries ot civilization." Of course no paper
could live in a small town like Prairie City if it endeavored to ex-
pand in such a way as that, as it surely would meet the fate of the
frog in the fable that endeavored to swell its proportions to the
size of an ox, and in doing so burst itself; we therefore learn that
in about one year it ceased to exist, but its editor, like many more
of the craft, had more grit than money, and determined on the
establishment of another sheet on its ruins ; and accordingly in
May, 1858, appeared the first number of the

Prairie Chief. A. four column quarto, and published in the in-
terests of the Good Templars. It lived but a few weeks, the or-
der not giving it sufficient patronage on which to exist, and hav-
ing no local news of any kind, the people of the town in which
it was published failed to render it any aid. ISext appeared the

Prairie Chicken. We have been unable to find a copy of the
paper, or learn any special information in regard to it, further
than it was published by an erratic genius, who knew more about
table-tipping than running a newspaper. The " Chicken" was
doubtless trapped when quite young and destroyed without mercy.

The Prairie City Herald is a thirty-two column paper, is always
clearly and neatly printed, and is now in its seventh volume. It
enjoys a large circulation in its immediate vicinity, and is a wel-
come visitor in many homes in the far west, where it is eagerly

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 265

read by former inhabitants of this county. It was established by
C. "W. Taylor, a brother of its present editor and proprietor, Mr.
IT. B. Taylor.

The chief feature of this paper is its excellence as a local and
family newspaper. Nothing is ever permitted to appear either in
its editorial or advertising colums which may not be read by any
family circle or at any fireside. It has a good advertising patron-
age, and stands on its own merits. It gives no premiums to sub-
scribers, and asks no one to take it "just to help it along." It is
well known for its short and spicy paragraphs, and is more widely
quoted from than any paper published in the county. Terms f
subscription, $2 a year in advance.

The Macomb Independent. This paper was started as The Illi-
nois Granger, by H. H. Stevens and E. A. Hail, under the firm
name of Stevens & Hail, in September, 1873. It was devoted
to the interest of the laboring classes, and took strong ground
against monopolies of all kinds, and advocated the organization
of a new political party. It supported the anti-monopoly party,
and contributed largely to the election of the candidates on that
ticket in McDonough county that fall. The influence brought to
bear against it was almost impossible to withstand, and men of
less nerve and devotion to the cause would have given up the
enterprise as utterly hopeless. Not knowing which of the two
old parties were being injured most by the new organization, it
was bitterly opposed by the party organs of both.

The secret order of the Patrons of Husbandry, or the Grange,
was then attracting a great deal of attention in the county, and
owing to a lack of knowledge on the part of the uninitiated as
to the real object of the order, wrong impressions took deep root
in the minds of the public, and more especially was this so with
the various merchants, who had an idea that this order was
hostile to their interests. The Granger defended this organiza-
tion, and hence a prejudice among the merchants sprang up
against it. The Granger, as before stated, took an active part in
politics, and for this reason the belief that the order of Patrons of
Husbandry was a political party becoming quite prevalent, a fact
which was neither beneficial to the order, to the new party, or
to the paper. The mistake in the selection of a name for the
paper was discovered before it had completed its first volume, but it
continued under that name until March, 1876, when it was discarded
and that of Macomb Independent was assumed, under which name

266

it is still published. It struggled hard for an existence, and its
publishers were frequently driven to borrow money to meet their
obligations, but the employes in the office were always paid off'
promptly at the end of each week.

There were many trying times in its history, but the darkest
days of its existence were during the unsettled political condition
of the country which followed the presidential election of 1876.
On the thirteenth of December of this year, during the darkest
hours of its darkness, Stevens bought Hail's interest in the pa-
per, books and accounts the presses, type and material of the of-
fice being equitably divided. Immediately alter this a healthful
change set in. The inactivity which pervaded the ranks of the
Independent Greenback party during the month and a half im-
mediately following the election was succeeded by activity, re-
newed life and vigor. "Organize for 1880" were the words of the
national executive committee of the Independent party, and it
seemed to meet with a hearty response from the people. More
money was paid in on subscription to the Independent during the
two first weeks in January, 1877, than had been received from
the day ot election up to the first of that month. ]STew hopes
and new energies were begotten, new names were enrolled, new
advertisements came in, and the success of the paper was assured.
It now - circulates about 700 copies among the farmers of the
county. It had a hard struggle, it met with a powerful a 'ad de-
termined opposition, but it braved all and its future prospects are
bright and full of hope. Subscription price $2 00 per year. Of-
fice in Campbell's block, west side of the square.

The Gleaner This paper was started in January, 1876, and is
one of the neatest and sprightliest in the county. In politics it is
independent, not in a partisan sense but in conduct. Its editor
and publisher is J. E. Oummings. Connected with the office is a
No. 1 job office, presided over by one of the best job printers in
the Military Tract. Terms of subscription $2 per annum in ad-
vance. Address J. E. Cummings, Bushnell, Illinois.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 267

CHAPTER XXIII.

UNDERGROUND RAILROAD.

Very likely all of our readers have heard ot the famous Under-
ground Railroad, but very few know anything of its system of
work. Happily the corporation does not now exist, the necessity
for the enterprise not being apparent at the present time, as the
class of freight or passengers transported over the line are not
now produced.

The question of slavery has always been a mixed one, from the
time the first slave was imported into our country until, by the
emancipation proclamation of Abraham Lincoln, all men were made
free and equal in the eyes of the law. A strong anti-slavery party
has long existed in the country. The framers of our constitution
upon the organization of the governmenthad to deal with the ques-
tion of slavery; the successive administrations from Washington to
Lincoln had to grapple with it; various compromises were adopted,
which it was thought would quiet its spirit, but, like Banquo's
ghost it would not down at the bidding of any man or party. The
death of Lovejoy at Alton, in 1837, a martyr to the anti-slavery
cause, gave an impetus to the agitation of the question which
never ceased until the final act was consummated which broke in
pieces the shackles that bound the slave.

Growing out of the agitation of this question, and the formation
of a party of those in sympathy with the slaves, was the organiza-
tion ot the so-called Underground Railroad, for the purpose of
aiding fugitives to escape to a land of freedom. The secrecy of its
workings justified its name. Notwithstanding the system was an
organized one, those engaged in it had no signs nor passwords by
which they might be known, save now and then a preconcerted
rap at the door when a cargo of freight was to be delivered. Each
relied upon the honor of the other, and as the work was an extra-

268

hazardous one, few cowards ever engaged in it. Pro-slavery men
complained bitterly of the violation of the law by their abolition
neighbors, and persecuted them as much as they dared, and this
was not a little. But the friends of the slave were not to be de-
terred by persecution. " The blood of martyrs is the seed of the
church," and persecution only made them more determined than
ever to carry out their just convictions of right and duty. No
class of people ever made better neighbors than the Abolitionists,
or better conductors on a railroad.

A very singular circumstance in connection with this road was
the fact that, although people well knew who were engaged in it,
and where the depot was located, freight could seldom be found,
search as carefully as they might. A consignment would be for-
warded over the line, notice of which would reach the ears of
slave hunters, and when ready to place their hands upon the fugi-
tives, like the Irishman's flea, they wouldn't be there. Only one
case is reported on the line through this county of the recapture
of a slave, an account of which will be found turther on in this
chapter, while hundreds were forwarded over it during the
twenty-five years of its running time. We may here remark
there were various branches of this road having a starting point
at different places. The line running through McDonough began
in Quincy, and ran nearly parallel with the present 0., B. & Q.
R. R. The business for a number of years was quite extensive,"
but to-day all the employes of the road are discharged, and strange
to relate, none are sorry, but all rejoice in the fact. f As illustrat-
ing the peculiarities of this line, we append several incidents that
principally occurred in this county.

" What Am 1?" Charley was a likely " boy," the property of a
man living near Hannibal, Mo. He had been well treated in
every respect and allowed many liberties not enjoyed by the race
in general. The thought of his being a slave had never entered
his mind and probably never would had not a little circumstance
occurred that presented it in a very forcible manner. Quite a
number of slaves had escaped from Missouri, and the matter was
being generally discussed by all classes in the State, and at a gath-
ering where Charley and his master were both present the subject
was again discussed, when the master said:

"If any of my slaves should escape I should never rest until I got
them back. Now, Charley, here, if he should escape, I would not
take a drink of whisky or a chew of tobacco until I had him safe."

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 269

In narrating the circumstances afterward, Charley said : " The
thought suddenly flashed through my mind, What am I? Am I,
or I am I not, a human being, with power to feel, and think,
and act? Have I a soul, or am I a machine to be set in motion and
act in accordance with the will of one made in the same manner
as I am, save of different color ? Such thoughts never entered my
mind before. I had plenty to eat and drink, and was well clothed,
had a fair education, had been in company with men of talent,
but, of course, without power to express my own thoughts had I
the desire to do so. I thought that I would give my master an
opportunity to put his threat into execution, and I did so."

Having many liberties, as we have before remarked, with power
to come and go as he thought best, a few days after, as evening
approached, Charley gave out to his fellow slaves that he was
going to Hannibal to attend a colored dance. Mounting a horse,
he rode off in that direction, but, changing his course, he went
north until nearly opposite Quincy, when, leaving his horse, he
searched the river bank, and finding an old skiff, he crossed over,
and landed at the general depot of the Underground Railroad.
Here he secured passage for the colored people's canaan, Canada.
Coming from Quincy by way of Round Prairie, he made Blazer's
Station, this county, early one morning, where he laid by to enjoy
a little rest and secure the services of another conductor. Mr.
Blazer took him in charge, keeping him that day, learning Ms
story, and after dark took him to the next station on his journey.
Thus he continued until he reached the terminus of the route.

A few months afterward Mr. Blazer was somewhat surprised to
see Charley back, and learned he was returning to secure, if pos-
sible, his wife and two children. Bidding him God-speed, he sent
him on his way. When he arrived at Quincy he secured an excel-
lent skiff' from the general agent of the road at that point, and
for some days endeavored to secure an opportunity of getting his
family away. But all his efforts were without avail, and he was
compelled to return without his dear wife and children, though

managed to run off several slaves from the neighborhood.

A few months passed away and Charley again returned and
made another attempt to get his wife and children, but again failed.
A third attempt was made, this time with partial success, ending
in failure. It was suspected by his master he would return for
this purpose, and he kept a strict watch over the wife and chil-

270 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

dren of his runaway slave, compelling them to sleep in a room
above the one occupied by himself and wife, and through which
one was compelled to pass to reach the other. Charley learned
the true state of affairs, but in some way unknown to us, got
them out without alarming any one. The distance to the river
where they could cross, was too great to make in one night, so
they were compelled to lay out in the woods until another night-
fall. When night came they traveled on until they reached the
river; when, getting in the skiff, they crossed over, landing some
distance above Quincy, and on a little island a short distance from
the main land. As the skiff reached the shore, two men stepped
out, with guns in their hands, and ordered them to surrender.
Charley suddenly drew his revolver, and pointing it at the men
threatened to shoot if they attempted to harm him. He then
began to parley with them, while at the same time consulting
with his wife as to what should be done. She urged him to save
himself, stating it would be death or worse for him to be captured,
but as to her, they would do nothing save placing a more strict
watch over her person. Seizing the opportunity when the atten-
tion of the two men was diverted, Charley jumped into the
river and swam to the main land, and thus escaped without being
hurt by the shots fired at him. This time he returned without
wife, children or friends; but he was not to be daunted or discour-
aged. In a few months he again returned only to find that his
wife had been sold and taken down the river. Learning that she
was living near St. Louis, he determined there to seek her, which
he did, and this time met with better success, as he escaped
with both wife and children, and succeeded in reaching Can-
ada in safety. When Charley came through the third time, and
reported his adventure with the slave-catchers, he was advised to
abandon the attempt to get his wife and little ones, and the sug-
gestion made that he marry some French Canadian woman.
"!N"o," said he, "that I will never do; I love my wife and children
as much as any man, if I am black, and I intend to have them or
die in the attempt !"

This same Charley, as previously remarked, was instrumental
in running off many others. We copy the following incident of
him from Young's History of Round Prairie and Plymouth :

A Lively Load and Lively Time. Mr. T. called at the house
of Mr. W. on his way home from a three days' trip to Quincy, and
found that a company of six negroes had just arrived, that were

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 271

to be sent on their way to freedom. There was a man and his
wife, with two children and a young man, all under the leadership
of a negro called Charley, who had been over the line half a doz-
en times or more. He had become well known to the regular
agents of the route. His various trips to and from Missouri had
been made for the purpose of getting his wife away , failing in
which he would gather up such friends as he could and pilot them
to freedom.

Mr. T. detailed himself for the service of taking the parry to
Macomb, to start next morning, making a day trip. The party of
six were stowed as well as possible at full length on the bottom of
the wagon, and covered closely with sacks of straw. These were
so light that they showed a decided tendency to jolt out of place,
and thus perhaps to make unwelcome revelations on the road.
To remedy this a rope was drawn down tightly over the sacks and
fastened at the ends of the wagon. This kept things in place,
and all went well until near the end of the journey. Here Mr. T.
becoming doubtful as to the proper road to take, took the wrong one,
and passed three young men getting out logs in a piece of woods
through which his way led him. He did not dare to stop and in-
quire the way of them for fear they might pry into the nature of
his load too closely. As he drove on he thought there was a strik-
ing family likeness in the young man, to the man he was looking
for. He went on, however, until he came to a cabin a little oft*
the road where he thought it safer to inquire. As he went in he
confronted a man that he recognized too well as one he cared
little to meet on such a mission. But it was a cold, snowy day,
and his face was so concealed by his wrappings that he was not
recognized by the occupant of the cabin, who gave him the infor-
mation sought. Mr. T. found that he had gone too far, and had
to retrace his way to the woods and then turn off. Here again he
came upon the young men who had been delayed with their load
by getting "stalled' in a deep rut. Better satisfied now as to their
identity, he inquired the way of them. Guessing his' mission
readily, they made free inquiries about his load, which were an-
swered as freely. Finding Charley was in the company, cne of
the young men determined to frighten him, or at least have a joke
at his expense. Calling his name in stern tones, he told him that
he knew he had passed over the lines several times in safety,
u but," said he, "I have caught you at last ; you are now my p ris-

272 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

oner." Charley, still in concealment with the others under the
sacks, recognized the voice of an old acquaintance, did not turn
white with fear but enjoyed the pleasantry.

Soon all were safely housed at Mr. 's. After supper "all

hands" gathered in the parlor, where for a time there was a free
intermingling of story, song and mirth ; after which an old violin
was produced and "operated" upon by some one of the company,
while the negroes "let themselves out" into a regular old-fashioned
plantation "hoe down," which lasted until all were ready to retire
with aching sides from excess of fun. This evening's entertain-
ment is noted as a particularly bright spot in U. G. R. R. experi-
ence brightened with genuine negro polish.

Betrayal of the Negro Preacher. In Virginia lived a rich farmer)
having a number of slaves, among others a man and wife, with
their children. This man was a preacher among his colored
brethren. The old farmer dying, on the division of the estate
this colored preacher and his wife fell to a daughter, who had
lately married a young physician ; the children were given to
other parties. This physician and his wife had determined to
remove to Missouri, and to reconcile his slaves with the idea of
leaving their children, promised them if they would go peaceably
and work for him a term of years, he would give them their free-
dom. To be free was a boon greatly desired, and they joyfully
consented to go. The physician settled at Hannibal, Missouri,
and time passed, his negroes faithfully performing all the duties
required of them. A few months befone the time had elapsed!
when he promised to give the couple their freedom, he called the
man to him one day and asked, "Cresar, I suppose you are look-
ing forward to the time when you will soon be free, are you not?"
"Yes, Massa." "Well, before receiving your papers, would n't
you like to make a trip down the river to see how they work
things on the plantations of the south?" "Well, yes, Massa, I
would; I hearn tell a good deal about de way da do de work down
dare, and I would like to see it for myself." "If you so desire it,
I will make arrangements to have you taken down." "All rio-ht,
Massa."

A day or two after, Cesar's master announced to him he had ar-
ranged with the Captain of a steamer to take him down as a deck
hand, he, in that way, working his passage. The boat was then
lying at the wharf, and he could go on board at once, proceeding
down the river and back in time to secure his papers of freedom.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 273

at once went aboard the boat, pleased with the idea of a
trip down the Mississippi, visiting the wonders and learning some-
thing of plantation liie of the South. As -the boat proceeded
down the river, he observed that he was watched by a gentleman,
and wondered what it meant. When a little way above St. Louis,
the strange man got an opportunity to speak to him, there being
no one near him at the time. Said he :

"Don't you know you are being taken down the river never to
return ?"

With a start, Caesar responded :
"No, sah ; I don't."

"Well, such is the case. I saw your master make out and give
to a man now on board, a bill of sale of you."
"Is that so, Massa ? Tell me true !"

"Yes, it is. Xow, my advice to you is that if the opportunity
offers, you try and xnake your escape. Death is to be preferred
to life on a southern plantation. You may escape and make your
way north w r here you will find friends. We will soon lancl to take
on wood, and you there may get away."

The thought of being betrayed by his master had never entered
the mind of poor Caesar who supposed he was going on a pleasure
trip to the South, and the thought that he should be retained there
was almost overpowering. What could he do? Kscape? Well,
he would try. As his friend remarked, death was preferable to a
life on a southern plantation.

When the boat landed, Caesar was sent with other deck hands
to load it with wood. He moved off as if with the intention of
doing the work, and when out of sight of his companions, he
started off on a ran. His presence at first was not missed, and
when the fact was discovered, the boat could not be delayed that
his capture might be effected. Steering directly north, Csesar
in due time found himself in the vicinity of Upper Alton. While
passing along the road he heard behind him a couple of horse-
men in full gallop, and supposing they were after him, it was his
first thought to run, but fearing this would excite their apprehen-
sion, if they were not in search of him, he quietly stepped one
side, and began plucking the plums from a tree by the roadside.
Luckily the horsemen paid no attention to him, even if they ob-
served him. He continued on his way, and soon another horse-

274 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

man came galloping up behind. As before be could not escap^
without observation, and the horseman soon overtook him and
quietly asked :

"Going north ?"

"Yes, sah, am traveling that way."

"Well, then get on this horse and travel until you come to a
certain house [describing it] there hitch your horse, go ^in, and
you will be cared for."

Although he did not know whether he was a friend or foe,
Caesar concluded to trust him and take his advice. Mounting the
horse he proceeded on the way until he reached the designated
place where he stopped, and on going in, without a word being
spoken, he was shown a large upper room and told to remain
there until called for. Food was provided him, and when night
came he was conducted on his way. lie was now on the line of
the famous Underground railway, and in due time passed through
this county on his way to Canada.

Some months after, he returned over the line to secure, if possi-
ble, his wife. Arriving in the vicinity of Hannibal he learned that
she had been sold and removed to some unknown place, and all
efforts to learn of her whereabouts were unavailing, and he never
saw or heard from her. But, then, according to high judicial au-
thority, negroes have no rights which white men are bound to re-
spect. Oh, shame !

Train Captured. During the series of years in which the
Underground Railroad was in operation, but one accident occurred
in this county. The agent at Round Prairie, with a consignment
of fnre negroes, started one night to deliver them to the agent
here ; but in the darkness, lost his way, and found himself in the
hollow near the residence of David Chrisman, a well known pro-
slavery character in this county. Leaving his wagon, he took the
negroes across lots to the station, where, leaving them, he returned
to his wagon. As it happened, this Chrisman with some boon
companions, had been out until a late hour that night, and in
returning home, discovered the wagon in the road. Calling out
and receiving no answer, they searched and found it empty. Sur-
mising the object for which it had been used, they determined on
waiting the return of the owner, and endeavor to extort from him
a confession. After a lapse of an hour or two, the agent and
owner of wagon returned, and was confronted by half a dozen
men, who by threats endeavored to secure a confession of his acts,

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 275

demanding that he make a "clean breast" of it, and tell them the
number of negroes, and the time they were expected to start on
the next stage of their journey, for said they, "We mean to have
them any how." They found the man very ignorant as to facts,
and very uncommunicative. Hoping to frighten him into a revela-
tion of such facts as they desired to know, they told him he was
their prisoner, and that they should take him to Macomb and'
put him in jail. Knowing they could have no warrant for his
arrest, he took the matter very 'coolly, and parleyed with them
until they were satisfied they could get no information from him,
when they left. Thinking it would not do for him to return and
warn the agent of his danger, he returned home and started a
neighbor back to give the necessary warning. All the next day
the agent's house was closely watched and guarded by these
negro catchers, and about dusk, the agent thinking to throw
them off their guard, arranged a covered wagon in which he
threw some chaff and started his brother off' with it as if in a
hurry to get away. He then took negroes across lots, hoping
that he would be unobserved. The ruse was suspected by the
other party, who failed to follow the wagon, and as the agent and
his freight were emerging from a field, they were confronted and
ordered to surrender. The negroes all broke and run, all escap-
ing but one, who was captured and taken to Macomb and placed
in jail to await the call of his master, who would claim him as
his slave. When the master of the slave called to prove his
property, Chrisman claimed a reward and was told by the man
that he might go to the region of the unredeemed, that when he
hired him to catch his negroes, he would pay him, and not before.
The agent of the II. G. R. was in considerable dread of being
arrested for a violation of the fugitive slave law, but luckily it
was never done. If taken, he knew his fine would be paid by
friends, but the three years in the penitentiary he would have to
serve alone.

A White Negro. Xot every fugitive that escaped was black ;
one that carne through a few years before the war was as
white as any pure Caucasian that ever lived. He had light hair,
light, sandy whiskers, and eyes and nose that showed no signs of
the negro blood. Our informant says he could not believe there
was a drop of such blood in him, but that he was a white man
who had in childhood been captured and enslaved. When he ar-
rived at the McDonough county station he was armed with a re-

276

volver and bowie knife, and expressed a determination never to be
taken back alive. His back was lacerated in a terrible manner,
there being great scars upon it that could never be effaced, made
by the scourgings he had received. When being taken to the
Fulton county station, on his way north, he was advised to lay
down in the wagon, but this he would not do, stating that he was
as white as any man. and would exercise a white man's privilege.
He succeeded in reaching the "promised land."

"Gwine to Jine the 'Yankee Church" Tom w r as a likely negro
boy about nineteen years of age, inclined to be a little wild and
to give more or less trouble. Still he probably meant well. He
had been severely whipped on several occasions for various misde-
meanors, and large welts were made upon his back, and scars that
remained there for years. For some ofiense he was again promised
a whipping. His master tied his hands behind him, and leaving
him in the kitchen went out to procure a suitable withe with
which to administer the flogging. With no idea of making a
final escape, but with the thought of escaping a severe castigation,
Tom ran out and away, and while running worked his arms so as
to loosen the rope and allow one hand to get free. It was thus an
easy matter to free the other which he soon did, but retained pos-
session of the rope. His master, returning to the kitchen, and
finding him gone, called his blood-hounds and set them on his
track. As it happened, Tom had the care of these hounds from
their birth, and with cunning shrewdness had trained them so as
to make them afraid of him. From time to time, as the opportu-
nity offered, he would take them out where their yelping would
not be heard, and severely whip them, thus teaching them he was
their master. This he did as he afterward averred from the fact
that he did not know but some day they might be used against
him. And it was well for him that such was the case. As the
dogs came bounding on, Tom called them, and with the rope
with which he had been tied, gave them a severe whipping and
sent them back. The efforts of his master were unavailing after
this to make the dogs continue on his track; the consequence was
that Tom escaped, and getting on the main line of the celebrated
U. G. R. R., he was soon in the "land of the free." While stop-
ping at Mr. John Blazer's, Tom related his experience and gave a
short dissertation on religion. He said his master was a Presby-
terian, and he despised the Presbyterians, and would never join
that church. "No," said he, "when I get up norf I'se gwine to

277

jine cle Yankee church; Presbyterians are perfec' debbils, an' I'll
nebber jiue de Presbyterians." Mr. Blazer was a Presbyterian at
that time, and it amused him not a little to know he "was a per-
fec' debbil."

Presence of Mind. As illustrating the presence of mind of even
the little children of the conductors on this road, we give the fol-
lowing :

A little sou of Mr. Dobbins, about eight or nine years old, near
Ipava, Fulton county, while a number of negroes were hid in his
father's barn, was sent regularly to carry them their food. On
one occasion his mother had prepared the negroes' dinner, and
placing it upon a tray, started her little boy with it to the barn.
As he opened the door on the porch he observed three or four
neighboring women. To either go forward or return would ex-
cite their suspicions, and quick as thought he began whistling for
the dogs. His mother hearing him, and divining his reason,
called out to him, " Don't throw that out to the dogs, bring it
back here ; that's good." The boy quickly returned, and the un-
welcome visitors never suspected anything wrong.

A negro bad escaped across the river at Quiucy, and while
quietly pursuing his way along the road to the old mill, was pur-
sued by a couple of men on horseback. A little boy observing
the situation, as the negro was at the forks of a road, called out
to him, " Here, crawl under this pile of rails." The negro at once
obeyed. When the men rode up they asked, " Boy did you see a
black man pass along this road a little while ago ?" <; Yes," said
the boy, " and he went right down that road as hard as he could
go, and if you hurry you can catch him." Putting spurs to their
horses, the men hurried on, and the boy, calling on the negro to
come out quickly, hurried him on to the old mill, where he was
safe from arrest, and soon on his journey to the "Land of Canaan."
Whether the boy was justified in telling a lie to save the negro,
we will leave to moralists to decide.

We again quote from the " History of Round Prairie and Plym-
outh " the following incident, located in this county :

Going to Market. At one time Mr. W. had a negro man in his

charge that he determined to take to Macomb in an open wagon,

his only conveyance, and make most of the trip by daylight. He

filled a lot of sacks with light chaff from the barn floor, put some

H 18

278 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

hay in the bottom of the wagon, upon which he had the negro
lie down at full length, and then piling the bogus sacks of grain
upon him, he started about noon for Macomb, leaving any
curious observers to infer if they chose to make inferences that
they were bound for market with a load of grain on a trading ex-
pedition. All went well until they got a little beyond Crooked
creek, which they crossed at Lamoine bridge. Here they met
three men on horseback. Just as they were nearing each other,
Mr. "W. looked around to see if his load appeared all right. To
his dismay, he found that the negro, weary of his constrained posi-
tion, had drawn up one foot so that his knee protruded between
the sacks. At a quick nudge the knee disappeared, leaving a fair
surface again, but the movement had evidently attracted the at-
tention of the horsemen. The load was scanned as they passed;
they stopped their horses, turned around, watched sharply awhile,
but failing to see any more suspicious movements among the
sacks, and not comprehending what they had seen, they resumed
their course and rode on.

The negro got a sharp repoof for the danger incurred by his ex-
posure, as Mr. "W. drove on in a state of mind considerably excited
by the narrow escape. As expected, night overtook them before
reaching their destination. In the darkness they came upon a
piece of road that had been lately changed. Mr. W. was at a loss
which way to go, took the wrong road, and got hopelessly lost.
There was no remedy but to inquire the way the first opportunity,
and this was about the last thing he wanted to do, as the man he
was looking for was well known as a prominent Underground
Railroad man, and inquiries for him might lead to suspicions and
revelations that would be very undesirable. Something mast be
done, however, so he went to the first house he saw, and roused

the man from bed and asked the way to Mr. . The man

seemed interested, came out in the yard to point out the way, and
went toward the wagon just as he had got out of bed. Hoping
to check his curiosity, Mr. W. told him that his wife was in the
wagon ; but the man went on to the gate, gave the necessary direc-
tions, and then retired.

The consignment was safely delivered at its destination, not-
withstanding the real and supposed narrow escapes of the trip.
Tt turned out that the curiosity and interest of the man that Mr.
W. called up for information as to the way was not of a dangerous
kind, as he was a son of the man for whom Mr. W. sought, and

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 279

suspecting the nature of his mission, very kindly interested him-
self in pointing out the way to his father's house.

We close this chapter with the following incident, as a final
closing act of the drama of the " Underground Railroad :"

On the morning of the thirty-first of December, 1862, two negro
men were taken from the Eastern bound train of the C. B. & Q.
R. R.. at the depot in Macomb, by a citizen of this county, who
claimed they were runaway slaves, and who felt it his duty or
privilege to take them back and deliver them over to the gentle
and fatherly care of their " master." Whether this man had ever
heard of the emancipation proclamation of President Lincoln or
not we cannot say, but presume not, or if he had he regarded it
as " unconstitutional," and therefore invalid. By returning them
to their owner or owners he thought he would receive enough
money to keep him in whisky and tobacco for some time. At this
time the Eastern and Western bound trains connected at this
point, and it was the design of this zealous fugitive slave law man
to hurry the negroes on board the Western bound train and take
them. back. Luckily this train was a few minutes late. John Q.
Lane was at that time the City Marshal, and happened to be at
the depot, aixl the negroes made known to him their condition,
stating they were traveling on a pass from their master, and that
it had been taken from them by this advocate of the law. Mr
Lane told them to get in the omnibus, and he would take care of
them. By oaths and threats this was sought to be prevented, but
the Marshal " didn't scare worth a cent." He took the negroes to
the Randolph Hotel, where they were kept under guard that day
and night. The party capturing them, inflamed by liquor, went
to the hotel and demanded them of the landlord, the Hon. Wil-
liam H. Randolph, who then occupied that position. Mr. R., not
liking the style of the gentleman, ordered him from the house,
and accelerated his speed by a not very gentle kick. The man
left, swearing vengeance. The negroes were held by friends until
12 o'clock at night, when they were informed that, agreeable to
the proclamation of the President of the United States, they were
free men, and could come and go as they pleased, being beholden
to no man.

280 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XXIV.

COAL STONE CLAY.

A careful study of chapter fourteen will give the reader a knowl-
edge of the geological formation of McDonough county, includ-
ing coal, stone, and clay ; still we think a more detailed statement
than there given of the items mentioned will be appreciated hy all
in whose hands this work may fall.

Coat. The area of the coal fields of McDonough is nearly, if
not quite, co-extensive with its entire surface, having "been found
in every township, except "Walnut Grove. There are thirty-nine
shafts and banks in active operation, affording employment to
hundreds of men, some of whom work in the banks, while others
are constantly engaged in hauling to our home markets and the
towns surrounding. An average of twelve cars per day have been
shipped from the town of Colchester, over the Chicago, Burling-
ton and Quincy Railroad, during the last five years. This is ex-
clusive of that shipped for the sole use of the railroad company,
which amounts to several cars more. An average of two cars is
consumed in Macomb, while surrounding towns use as much more,
making a total of twenty-four cars per day. There is no limit'
to the supply, as the bede are inexhaustible.

The coal of this county is regarded as the best in the State,
and is used extensively in the manufacture of gas in several of
our large western cities.

Stone. The quarries of McDonough county are becoming just-
ly noted for their superior quality of freestone and sandstone. As
remarked of coal, the supply is almost inexhaustible, and capable
of meeting the demand for hundreds of years. West of Macomb
a short distance are two or three quarries that have been worked
for many years, and the rock from them used for building pur-
poses have stood the test of time in a remarkable degree. Until the

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 281

past year the stoue has been used principally for foundation pur-
poses, wells, and sidewalks. A few months ago Mr. Rowley, of
Xew York, who, for many years has heen the proprietor of the
quarry known as Stuart's, having tested the stone in every conceiva-
ble way, erected a factory for the purpose of manufacturing
grindstones. He has now in employ a large number of hands,
and is turning out an article that is giving universal satisfaction.
Shipments are being made daily to all parts of the United
States, and we have no doubt in time this will be one of the insti-
tions of the county. John McLean, Esq., of Macomb, at our re-
quest, furnished us with the following statement of the quarry
formerly worked by Hector McLean, Sr., and his three sous, Alex.
John, and Duncan :

"We commenced work iii the Randolph quarry in the fall of
1849, and in 1852 left, purchasing the interest of Swigart &
Broaddus in the quarry known as Bartleson's, and considered the
best freestone or sandstone in the State. The quarry was easy to
work, having seams in every ledge, running the entire length.
We frequently pried up stones 30x15 feet, flat and smooth, fitted
for any kind of pavement, the ledges being from 1J inches,
increasing in thickness to three feet, being the lowest ledge we
worked.

"We had the quarry rented for four years at ten cents per
perch. In 1857 we purchased one hundred and sixty acres of
land on which the quarry was situated, of a Mr. Airy, of Phila-
delphia, a brother of the late Mrs. Bartleson, of Macomb, for
which we paid 81,600 ; sold the same to C. K Harding, Esq., in 1867,
for 4,000. We worked in the quarry twelve years, in which
time we averaged one thousand perches per year of all kinds of
rock.

'In looking over the accounts of some years, I find that we
made as high as 3,500 per year, paying for extra labor, tools and
powder for blasting purposes, $1,300. In these times this was
considered 'big money. 7 We usually did all the business our-
selves, having four yoke of oxen, and a large wagon capable of
carrying five tons or four perches. The wagon was made by our
former townsman, Sidney S. Chapman, and a splendid wagon it
was, painted on the axle 1852, the year in which it was made.
We quarried, hauled and built, receiving therefor $2.50 to 3.25
per perch, according to wall."

282 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Besides the quarries mentioned, there is an excellent quality of
stone near Industry, on Grindstone creek, of the same general
character as the foregoing.

Clay. For the manufacture of drain tile, fire brick, &c., we
have an excellent clay, and already we have one or two very ex-
tensive manufactories for these articles. Horrocks, Stevens & Co.,
Bardolph, are doing an excellent business in this line, their trade
extending east and west for hundreds of miles. It is said that
the fire brick manufactured is superior to the Xew Jersey article,
which is so widely known. We have no doubt in addition to
these articles mentioned, clay for the manufacture of Iron-stone
China can be had of a superior quality. Capitalists would do
well to investigate the subject.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 283

CHAPTER XXV,

M'DONOUGH COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.

On the sixteenth day of April, 1855, a few citizens of this county,
interested in Agricultural and Mechanical Arts, met in Ma-
comb for the purpose of effecting an organization, having for its
object improvement in the same. W. J. Merritt was called to the
Chair, and S. K. Pedrick appointed Secretary. Remarks were
made by various persons, and the feasibility and importance of the
proposed organization discussed. A Constitution and By-Laws
were then adopted, and the following officers elected for one year :
President, Thompson Chandler; Vice Presidents, Joseph Lowiies,
William Brooking and S. K. Pedrick; Corresponding Secretary,
L. H. Waters ; Secretary, Joseph E. Wyne ; Treasurer, Joseph P.
Updegrafl. An Executive Committee was also appointed, and
books opened for membership.

The committee and officers entered at once upon the discharge
of their duties ; a fair was announced to be held on the second
Thursday in October, continuing two days, and a list of awards
were made out and a speaker engaged to deliver an address
Thomas Camp, a practical farmer of the county.

The old college grounds, now owned by Prof. Branch, was se-
cured for the purpose of holding the fair. Says the Macomb En-
terprise of October 25th.

" Our county fair exceeded our most sanguine expectations.
The weather was delightful, and the attendance on both days was
very large. What surprised us most was the number of articles
on exhibition."

Then followed a description of some of the most important,
among which was Cy. Lawson's 800 pound pig, Broaddus' plows,
Barker's hay rake, Price's washing machine, Harris' churn, some
" 'orful' pumpkins, potatoes, wheat, and the handiwork of some
of McDonough's fair daughters."'

284

The officers, we believe, were all continued, and a fair an-
nounced for Thursday and Friday, October 9th and 10th, 1856.
This exhibition was an improvement upon the other, and we may
here remark that all exhibitions since have contined to improve.
The exhibition was held at the same place as the year before, but
the ground was found entirely too small for the purpose. Thomas
E. Brannan delivered a most excellent address, and all were well
pleased with the success of the Society.

The next year the fair was held in the pasture of Thompson
Chandler, in the northwest part of the town. Like those pre-
viously held, the fair was a success in almost every respect, and it
was determined that renewed efforts should be made to make the
society efficient and permanent. The grounds were leased from
Thompson Chandler, fenced and cleared for the purpose of hold-
ing the annual exhibitions, in which the people all manifested
considerable interest. The fourth annual fair was held on these
grounds, which are now known as the old fair grounds, and was
well attended.

We cannot well help drawing a contrast between the fairs then
and now. At that time, although they were spoken of as being
successful, yet the entries w r ere few indeed, in comparison to what
are now made each year. For years that old white bull of
Thompson Chandler's was the principal attraction. Blooded
stock was then scarce indeed. 2s"o such fine herds of cattle as
are now owned and exhibited each year by Joseph Lownes, the
Hustons and others ; no such droves of hogs as Work, Dixon
and others show ; no imported horses like those of Westfall,
Gloyd, Brooking, Rexroat and others own. Floral hall, at an
early day, would blush if placed side by side with the magnificent
structure now owned by the Society, and filled each year to over-
flowing.

For the first four or five years two days was all-sufficient to
exhibit the few articles placed on exhibition. After this the
society required three, then four, then five days, and now the en-
tire week is required to satisfy the thousands who annually attend
the McDonough county fair, the reputation of which is extending
year by year, and even now it is no mean competitor to the State
fair. Articles are now brought to its exhibitions from all parts of
the State, while other States, and even the Dominion of Canada,
have contributed to its exhibitions.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 285

The Society has been uniformly fortunate in its choice of offi-
cers. Thompson Chandler, the father of it, exerted himself nobl} r
to make its exhibitions successful, and great credit is due to him
for carrying it through the lirst years of its existence. Messrs.
Joseph Lowues, J. P. Updegraff, William Pointer, Amos Dixon,
and E. C. Knapp have each labored to promote the best interests
of the Society. Joseph Burton, as Secretary, was an indefatigable
worker, spending a great amount of time and money to bring the
Society up to its present high standard.

During the last two years, Dr. W. O. Blaisdell has been Presi-
dent, and AY. H. Hainline. Secretary. These two gentlemen have
co-operated together well in behalf of the Society, and are fully
determined not to retrograde, or even stand still, their motto being
'onward and upward." There are no obstacles which they do not
feel able to overcome, and which they will not overcome, if zeal,
combined with pluck, will accomplish anything. The last two
years there has been continued rain during the weeks of the
fair; but notwithstanding, the people turned out very well, and
the Society was enabled, from their receipts, to pay oft entire their
large premium lists, dollar for dollar, as well as all their outstand-
ing contracts. We do not believe there is another County Fair
in the State that can say as much.

In 1867 the Society purchased their present grounds just south
of the city, on which they have made improvements, including
price of land, of over 10,000. They now own the finest and
most convenient grounds in the State, and year by year, as their
means will warrant, will continue to improve them.

The past year (1876) was the first in which it can be said there
was anything having the appearance of a failure, and this- not in
respect to the number of articles on exhibition. Every depart-
ment was well represented, but the elements combined against it,
the rain pouring down almost constantly, so that the attendance
was not one-fourth that of ordinary years. For twenty-one
years the Society had paid its premiums dollar for dollar, with no
debts ever protested. This year, however, the Society could only
pay fifty cents on the dollar, and only that by the stockholders
being assessed a very heavy per cent.

The present Officers and Board of Directors are as follows :
President, AY. 0. Blaisdell ; Vice-President, Aaron P. McKee ;
Secretary, AY. H. Hainline ; Treasurer, C. Y. Chandler ; Directors,
T. Chandler, J. C. Moore, A. Y. Brooking and J. AY. Mclntosh.

286 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

These men are all tried and true, and will work with a will to
make the exhibitions of the Society first class.

In ] 870, the McDonough County Stock Association was regu-
larly incorporated, and held its first exhibition in July of that
year. Exhibitions were also held in 1871 and 1872. In 1873 the
Association failed to have an exhibition, and the following year it
united its fortunes with the Agricultural Society, and the two
combined are now known as the McDonough County Agricul-
tural and Stock Association.

Every citizen of the county should take an interest in the ex-
hibitions of this Society, and should use his utmost endeavors to
make the annual meetings a success. Xothing tends more to in-
cite men to action than the comparison of stock or the products
of each, and we attribute in a great measure the advanced step
taken by our people in the production of fine stock and the growth
of the various products to the exhibitions previously held.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 287

CHAPTER XXVI.

BLACK LAWS.

The early settlers of this county, although mainly from the
Southern or slave States, entertained a deep-seated prejudice
against the negro, for which it is hard for us to account at the
present clay. This prejudice, we may remark, was not held alto-
gether and only in this county, for by referring to the Revised
Statutes of this State, approved March 3, 1845, we tind the
following in chapter 54, under the head of "Xegroes and Mu-
lattoes" :

SECTION 8. Any person who shall hereinafter bring into this State any black or
mulatto person, in order to free him or her from slavery, or shall directly or indirectly
bring into this State, or aid or assist any person in bringing, any such black and
mulatto person to settle and reside therein, shall be fined one hundred dollars on convic-
tion on indictment, or before any justice of the peace in the county where such offense
shall be committed.

SEC. 9. If any slave or servant shall be found at a distance of ten miles from the
tenement of his or her master, or person with whom he or she lives, without a pass or
some letter or token whereby it may appear that he or she is proceeding by authority
from his or her master, employer or overseer, it shall and may be lawful for any person
to apprehend and carry him or her before a justice of the peace, to be by his order pun-
ished with stripes, not exceeding thirty-five, at his discretion.

SEC. 10. If any slave or servant shall presume to come and be upon the plantation or
at the dwelling of any person whatsoever, without leave from his or her owner, not
being sent upon lawful business, it shall be lawful for the owner of such plantation, or
dwelling house to give or order such slave or servant ten lashes on his or her bare back.

SEC. 12. If any person or persons shall permit or suffer any slave or slaves, servant
or servants of color, to the number of thre^ or more, to assemble in his, her or their
outhouse, yard or shed, for the purpose of dancing or revelling, either by night or by
day. the person or persons so offending shall forfeit and pay the sum of twenty dollars
with cost to any person or persons who will sue for and recover the same by action of
debt or indictment, in any court of record proper to try the same.

SEC. 13. It shall be the duty of all coroners, sheriffs, judges and justices of the
peace, who shall see or know of, or be informed of any such assemblage of slaves or
servants immediately to commit such slave or servants to the jail of the county, and on
view or proof thereof order each and every such slave or servant to be whipped, not
exceeding thirty-nine stripes on his or her bare back.

288 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

At a meeting held in Macomb, as early as 1834, it was resolve
by the people assembled that they would enforce section 8 of th
statute given above. About this time a Mr. Riggs and a Mi
Thompson brought each a mulatto woman with them to thi
county; Mr. Thompson settled in Macomb, while Mr. Riggs se1
tied on a farm a short distance from town. But little time wa
lost in notifying the parties that the law would be enforcec
Some resistance was at first offered, but the negroes were removec
By reference to the census reports we find the higbest numbe
reported in this county previous to 1860, at any one time, wa
seven. Therefore, we judge the law was strictly enforced.

Some years ago the Hon. W. II. Neece, of Macomb, was in th
city of Monmouth, when he stepped into a barber shop for
sbave. The barber was a colored man. While shaving him, h
asked Mr. Neece where he was from, and the response was giver
"Macomb." "Well," said he, "I went to Macomb once, aboi]
eighteen or twenty years ago, to start a barber shop. I onl
stayed about twenty-four hours, for a man called Jim Campbel
came to me and told me I had better get out ob dar, as that was
white man's town. I left."

Notwithstanding his antipathy to the negro, Mr. 0., has a warr
spot about him, as witness the following which will be vouche
for by the parties named : In 1856, he was a delegate to the Dem
ocratic National Convention w^hich was to meet in Cincinnat
and which afterwards nominated James Buchanan, for Presides
In going to that city, Mr. C. took the train at Macomb for Quiii
cy, where he was to meet other delegates in whose company h
was to continue his journey. On board the same train, going t
Quincy, was Joseph E. Wyne, Jack Price, Frank Whitson, an
other Macomb boys, with w r hom Mr, Campbell engaged in con
versation, discussing, of course, the political questions of the da;)
As known, the Republican party was just coming into promi
nence, and Mr. C. denounced the members of it as abolitionists
negro stealers, etc. Becoming tired of this, he began to relat
experiences in his early life. He said he was born in Kentucky
where his father at one period of his life, owned a number o
slaves. Becoming involved, he was compelled to sell them fo
transportation down the river. Among the number was a negr<
lad named Bob, about his own age, with whom he had eaten an<
played many a day. He stated he never felt as bad in his life a
he did when he saw Bob sold and carried away. Mr. Wyne thei

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. ' 289

asked him the question : "Mr. Campbell, suppose Bob would
come to your house some night, and tell you his master had
mistreated him, and that he was compelled to run away, that
he was without money, had nothing to eat during the day, and
was nearly naked, what would you do?" Rising to his feet, he

excitedly replied ; "By if such a thing as that should happen,

I would take him in, give him something to eat, I would clothe
him, and give him money, and tell him to break for Canada!"

As late as the year 1864, an indictment was found against Geo.
W. Reed, the present corcner of the county, under the "black
law" for bringing a negro into the state. When the case was
called in the Circuit Court, the Judge and Prosecuting Attorney
threw it out the law being virtually a dead letter.

290 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XXVII.

RESOURCES OF THE COUNTY.

We propose in this chapter to give a short summary of such
matters as will show clearly the business and resources of Mc-
Donough county. To the thoughtful and intelligent reader these
items will be- invaluable, and we commend them to the capitalists
of the country as showing truthfully the situation at present writ-
ing, Kovember, 1876. By a careful examination will be seen :
1. The extent of our territory. '2. The available proportion. 3.
The variety of its productions. 4. Value as a stock county. 5.
Extent of manufactures. 6. Openings for capital.

Extent of Territory. McDonough county is square, having
within its boundaries sixteen townships of thirty-six square miles
each, or a total of five hundred and seventy- six square miles. In
each square mile there are six hundred and forty acres, which
makes a grand total of three hundred and sixty-eight thousand
six hundred and forty acres.

Improved Land. By this statement is meant such lands as may
be enclosed and value enhanced by cultivation; by erection of
buildings'- or in the manufacture of articles of profit. It is cus-
tomary in the assessment of real estate to call any tract improved
that has any portion under cultivation or used to increase valuer.
Taking out for woodland, marshes, creeks and sloughs, the num-
ber of acres adapted to cultivation are three hundred thousand.

Unimproved Lands. The proportion of unimproved land, as
shown in the table given elsewhere, is small, being less than one-
twelfth of the entire land in the county. The greater portion of
this never will be brought under cultivation, although much of it
is of great value, being underlaid with coal, and having on it
several valuable quarries of stone. Several of our finest farms

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 291

were once thought to be as valueless as much of this unimproved
land now seems to be, and it may be that a considerable part of it
will yet be cultivated.

Real and Personal Property. For the wealth of the county, the
statement in the table given of personal property, town lots and
lands, will give a fair idea. We learn from this that the aggre-
gate value of the three classes of property named is 14,450,627,
an average of 8451.56 to every man, woman and child.

Wheat. "\Vhile wheat is decidedly preferred to all other grain,
and next to corn is the most important raised in the county, yet
for a few years past the yield has been light and the quality poor;
indeed, the average yield of the crop has scarcely compensated
for the outlay of seed and labor. In the early settlement of the
county abundant crops were raised, and of a superior quality,
winter wheat being principally sown. Of late years spring wheat
has taken its place, the cause being that the winter wheat has
nearly always been killed by the severe cold of our winters.
There were sown the past year 21,343 acres in wheat, the yield
being very small not sufficient for home consumption.

Curn. Among the products of McDonough county, as well as
generally in the United States, corn takes the precedence as being
the most profitable and peculiarly adapted to our soil. There were
in cultivation in this county, during the past year, 121,215 acres
of this grain, being about two-fifths of all the laud under cultiva-
tion. The average yield is generally about fifty bushels, but in
consequence of the late rainy season this year (1876), the average
will fall far below that amount. In many places the crop was an
entire failure, but on rolling lands, well drained, as high as eighty
bushels to the acre were realized. The yield this year will amount
to about 4,000,000 bushels, scarcely more than will supply home
demand, the majority of the farmers having stock sufficient to feed
more than they raised. Many farmers do not pretend to sell a
bushel any season, because they find it more profitable to feed it
to the stock than to sell in its bulky condition. The general mar-
ket price of corn varies from thirty to forty cents per bushel, oc-
casionally declining to twenty five cents, but often advancing to
fifty cents.

Oats. AVhen considered in connection with the artificial
grasses, and the nourishment and improvement it affords to live
stock, especially the horse, this grain may be considered as one of

292 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

the most important crops we produ-ce. Its yield is generally
abundant and profitable. The past year the crop was exceedingly
light, greatly to the surprise of nearly all the farmers, the indica-
tions in the early part of the season being that an abundant crop
would be realized. Although making nearly the average in bulk,
in weight it fell far short, in many instances taking two bushels
in measurement to make one in weight. The usual yield is from
thirty-five to forty-five bushels per acre. This year it will proba-
bly not be over sixteen and a half. There were 20,171 acres sown,
which will equal 342,970 bushels as the amount raised. The
general market price varies from twenty-five to forty cents per
bushel.

Other Products. Under this head are included rye, barley,
buckwheat, potatoes, and such other articles as are commonly
cultivated in small quantities. Allotted to the use of these pro-
ducts the past year were 7,435 acres.

Rye and Barley. These grains are generally a sure crop, and
the yield heavy ; but there being no home demand, and the gen-
eral market price so low, that other grains are more profitable ;
consequently but a small portion of the land is allotted to their
culture.

Buckwheat. This grain is but little cultivated in this county, in
fact, not enough to supply home consumption. It is not profit-
able, so the farmers say.

Potatoes. The common Irish potato, so extensively cultivated
in most of the temperate climates of the globe because of its
value as an item of daily food, is regarded of but little less im-
portance than corn or wheat. In this county the yield is gener-
ally heavy. /The Colorado bug, which, for several years has been
so destructive of the potato, destroying the vine before the potato
matures, this year did not make its appearance to any considera-
ble extent. It is hoped that the days of this enemy of the potato
are numbered. The general market value is extremely fluctua-
ting, ranging all the way from fifteen cents to two dollars per
bushel, though most commonly selling at about fifty cents per
bushel. The average yield is about one hundred and fifty bush-
els to the acre, which makes it one of the most valuable products
raised.

Meadow. The hay crop is becoming one of great importance.
The vast prairies of McDonough county affording an abundant

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 293

yield, which, with the little labor required to raise it, and the
generally fair market price, makes it a very profitable article of
culture, besides it enables the farmer to rest his land. The prin-
cipal kinds grown are timothy and red clover, the former being
superior to all others. The market price of this staple article
varies from six dollars to twelve dollars per ton, seldom falling
below or raising above these figures. The last season there were
assigned to the cultivation of grass in this county 31,980 acres,
which produced fully two tons per acre, making a total yield of
63,980 tons.

Pasture. The number of acres of pasturage at present in this

county is 5*2,426. This is used for pasturing cattle, almost every

farmer having a few acres enclosed for that purpose. Some of

the land is woodland, and can be used for no other purpose, but

.being good grazing and well watered makes it valuable.

Wood Land. As will be seen by our table, McDonough
county is largely prairie land, although there are many streams
and large creeks running through it, which are bordered by tim-
ber. Said timber does not extend a great distance, the wood
land being reported to the assessors as only 44,976 acres, or about
one-eighth of the entire amount. The timber land is principally
in the western townships. The principal varieties are white, red
and black oak, hickory, elm, white and black walnut, birch, etc.
This land is not considered as valuable now as it was in the ear-
lier history of the county, when it was deemed essential by every
farmer that he should have the greater part of his farm in tim-
ber, that he might have sufficient for building purposes, fencing
and fuel. The question of supply and demand for the timber
puzzled our fathers greatly, but it has been effectually solved by
the introduction of the railroad.

Horses. According to the table given elsewhere, there are 13,-
883 horses in this county, with an average assessed value of $45.35.
The character of the horse has been greatly improved in the past
few years. In 1870, Dr. B. E. Westfall, J. M. Reynolds and John
C. Moore went to France and purchased four large, fine Gorman
horses. They were the first ever imported into the county. Pre-
vious to this, all breeding horses were of common stock, and
making the venture to secure better breed was a new era in horse
raising in the county. Whether it would prove successful or not,
time alone would tell. In 1873, Dr. Westfall again w^ent to France
H 19

294

and imported four more, while B. F. Gloyd went to Canada and
purchased three large, splendid Clydesdales. Other horses have
since been imported by other parties, making fifteen in all. Colts
by the first importation were sold as high as six hundred dollars
each, and we have known yearlings to sell from one hundred and
sixty to two hundred and ten dollars each. There is an increased
demand for imported horses, and the breeding of the better class
is getting to be a source of revenue to the county. All our best
farmers are manifesting an interest in the business, and we believe
the time will soon come when McDonough county will take rank
with some of the principal counties in Ohio, where the raising of
fine horses has been made a specialty for years, and where a
greater revenue is derived than from all other stock. The ques-
tion, "Will it pay to raise 'the better class of horses?" has been
fully and satisfactorily answered in the affirmative. It costs no
more to raise a good horse than a poor one, and the remuneration
is more than double. Many car loads are shipped from this county
each year.

Cattle. In cattle McDonough county is fast taking a leading
position. With thousands of acres of excellent pasture land,
with living streams of water the year round, together with the
large amount of grain raised in our midst, makes cattle raising a
very profitable business. For some years past Rigdon Huston, of
Blandinsville township, and Joseph Lownes & Son, of New Salem,
have been devoting their time to the improvement of this class of
stock. They have now herds that will rank with any in the
State, and are constantly adding to the number, variety and qual-
ity of their, stock. Both of these men have animals that cost
them thousands of dollars each, and which are of pure blood and
undoubted pedigree. We can say with respect to cattle what we
remarked in relation to horses, it costs no more to raise the better
class than it does the poorer, and the profit is much greater.
Thousands of head are shipped each year from this county-
enough to average about seven hundred cars each year for the
past six years, or about two and one-third cars per day. Accord-
ing to our table, in May last there were 38, 123 head in the county,
assessed at an average of $14.29 each. Many of this number, of
course, are milch cows.

Mules and Asses. Notwithstanding these animals will do more
with the same amount of care, they do not appear to be a favor-
ite with our farming community, there being only 1383 head, or

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 295

just one-tenth as many as we have horses. The average value at
which they are assessed is 50 84 each.

Sheep. There has been a remarkable decrease in the number
of sheep raised in McDonough county during the past few years,
caused by the low price ol wool in the general markets. During
the war wool growing was a most profitable business and largely
engaged in by our farmers, but the demand for woolen goods has
decreased greatly, and the prices realized so small, that other busi-
ness is now much more profitable. We have now in this county
only 6,421 head of sheep, with an average assessed value of $1 97
each.

Swine. This class of stock has received more attention from
our farmers than any other, and has generally been the most
profitable. The American nation seems "hoggishly" inclined, and
the prices ruling in the market have been such as to tempt our
farmers to invest more largely in these animals than in all others
combined. Notwithstanding the large number that have yearly
been carried off with the cholera, none seem to abandon the busi-
ness of raising the stock. The breed of hogs has been greatly
improved within the past few years by the introduction of the
English Berkshire, Chester White and Poland China. From
these and other varieties various crosses have been obtained which
have proven even more profitable to fatten than the thorough-
breds. J. M. & S. Work have done much to improve this class of
stock, and deserve the thanks of the whole county. Doubtless
some remedy or preventative will soon be discovered which will
greatly lessen the loss of swine by cholera and like diseases, if
not altogether be driven from among them. The large yield of corn,
the readiness with which the hog fattens, and the advanced mar-
ket price affords abundant compensation to the farmer or stock-
raiser. During the past four years there has been an average of
72,000 head of hogs shipped from this county, which, counting
250 pounds each, and in the market netting 6 per hundred, would
make a revenue to the county each year of 1,080,000. Accord-
ing to our table, we have only 46,446 head, but it must be borne
in mind the table was compiled in May last when there are a less
number than any other season in the year, sucking pigs never be-
ing counted and nearly all the marketable hogs shipped. The
assessment figures will never, therefore, show the true number,
for many pigs that are not assessed before the next yearly assess-
ment are shipped to the markets.

296 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Orchards. As a country grows older, the more extensive her
orchards and abundant her fruit crop. McDonough county now
ranks among the foremost fruit-growing counties in the State-
both in regard to the quantity and the quality of the fruit grown.
In this county we have now 3,331 acres devoted to this purpose,
which, if we calculate eighty trees to the acre, would make a to-
tal of 266,480. -This number is divided up into the different
kinds of fruit grown, such as apple, pear, peach and plum.

Apple. The greater part of the land devoted to the cultivation
of fruit is used for raising this variety, the principal kinds grown
being jenneting, winesap, rambo, bellflower, Ben. Davis, Jonathan,
Pennsylvania red streaks, red June and early harvest. These are
now considered standard. Formerly were grown to a considera-
ble extent Roxbury russet, Rhode Island greenings, Baldwin,
white winter pearmain, and peonix. At present there are an av-
erage of 1,000,000 bushels raised in this county each year, and
the amount is constantly increasing the greater number of trees
hardly yet reaching maturity, while additions are made each
year. During the month of October, 1876, there were shipped
from Macomb 30,000 bushels, and in the same time were manufac-
tured into cider at the same place 42,000 bushels. These were all
grown in the immediate vicinity of that place. The apple crop is
generally sure each year, there never having yet been an entire
failure, though one or two years it has been short. A good price
is generally realized from this fruit, and it is found of very profit-
able culture. About six hundred bushels to the acre is 'now con-
nidered an average crop, our trees yet being young. As the
orchards become older, the average will be 1 greater.

Peaches, Pears and Plums. These are not especially adapted to
our climate, and seldom yield enough to justify their culture.
The quality of the peach is very poor ; formerly large quantities
and good qualities were raised, but climatic changes have oper-
ated against them. The pear and plum trees grow well, but the
fruit is generally poor, the pear being destroyed by a blight, and
the plum by the curculio.

Cherries. The principal varieties of this fruit grown are the
English Morello, Early Richmond, and May Duke, the two for-
mer being superior to the latter and more liable to bear. The
yield is usually large ani of a superior quality.

HISTORY OF M'DONOCGH COUNTY. 297

. Tli is fruit is becoming one of the staple products of the
county, the yield generally being very heavy, where the proper
care and attention is given. The market is good and at prices
that make its culture profitable. The varieties mostly cultivated
are the Concord, Delaware, Hartford Prolific, Isabella, and Ca-
tawba. The manufacture of the grape into wine is found quite
remunerative and is being entered into quite extensively by fruit
growers.

Small Fruit. The small fruits cultivated in this county are the
currant, gooseberry, blackberry, raspberry and strawberry, all of
which yield well and are found quite profitable. The quality of
each is good. It has only been in the last four or five years that
any attention has been given to the raising of small fruit, but as
it is shown that it can be made to pay, doubtless, many others
will enter into the business.

Carriages and Wagons. McDonough county appears well sup-
plied with vehicles of all kinds, and as the [country grows in
wealth more will be used, especially of the finer grade.

Since writing the above another crop has been harvested, which
has been much more abundant than that of 1876. For 1877 the
wheat crop was better than for many years. The quality is also
much better than usual. Owing to heavy and almost continual
rains in the spring the prospect for a good corn crop was unfav-
orable, but even this is fully an average crop. In many townships
the yield will be larger than in 1876. There were planted in 1877,
in number, 116,355 acres against 121,215 in 1876. Th'e potato
crop will be very large, the season being very favorable and the
potato bug hardly being known. A larger yield ot hay was pro-
duced than in any year of the county's history. The only products
of the county that approximates a failure is the fruit, but little of
any kind being raised, scarcely enough for home consumption.

We here subjoin several tables of statistics, which speak for
themselves, and to which we invite attention. The tables show
the assessed value of the articles given, which is much below the
real worth of the property. The State Board of Equalization
reduced the amount reported by the assessors twenty-nine per cent,
which if added would largely increase the amount. In the first
table we have given such years as we could find. Previous to the
year 1857 there were no abstracts made of assessments, so we
were compelled to gather the statistics from different papers on

298

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

file in the office of the County Clerk. It will be observed that
there is a vast increase in 1873, which is accounted for by saying
that previous to that time assessments were made on a basis of
from one-third to one-fifth the cash value; while now they are
made on the estimated cash value. The tables will be interesting
as showing the growth and prosperity of the county during the
vears of its existence.

TABLE OF ASSESSMENTS OF REAL AND PERSONAL PROPERTY OF SUCH YEARS AS
ARE ATTAINABLE, FROM 1830 TO 1876, INCLUSIVE.

Year.

Personal
property.

Lands,

Town lots.

Railroad
property.

Total.

1830

826 742

1831

31,625

1832

42 764

1835

109,714

1839

313,883

$827,305

1850

346 669

982 350

$71 761

1855

1,071,008

2,556,488

287,983

1856

2 039 445

4 334 732

1858

1,339,795

3,769,415

615,654

$482,936

$6,207,800

1859

1,020 ?83

2 822 511

527 710

393,580

4 764 084

1860

906 409

2 831 593

599 447

395 440

4 66 9 889

1861

884 '828

2 307 265

447 265

400,503

4,040,201

1862

810 052

2 153 711

400 533

372 118

3 736 412

1863

1,026,247

2,377 702

411,365

400,533

4,215,881

18(>4

1 157 347

2 437 449

419 219

176 308

4 190 323

1865

1,419,560

2,514,854

523,888

183,137

4,641,439

1867

2 400 879

4 432 449

912 557

243 276

8,471 384

1868

1,575,402

3.260,872

738.463

306,793

6,279,922

1869

942 022

2 845 794

513 479

326,275

4,627,570

1870

813 313

2 8 9 3 954

460 978

3Q9 444

4 400 689

i87i ;.

742 678

2 811 610

438 689

350,308

4,342,276

1872

763,508

2,735,419

432,213

363,355

4,294,495

1873

4,413,028

10 731 833

1,781,116

1.890,838

18,516,815

1874

1 981 429

9 303 589

1 644 030

1 204 692

16 066 225

1875

1,935, ('82

8,817,400

1,620,250

738,862

14,947,390

1876

3 678 798

8 632 325

1 493 394

13 711,765

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

299

Woodland No. of acres..

O el ^ r "^ ;O 10

^^^ggggsg^g

Pasture No. of acres

eo"

SSiSSiisSSIsliJis

Pasture No. of acres

S ? i x = ~ G *;; x 5 ?: o

Other Products No. of
No of acres

ISi88lliillSS

Meadow No. of acres....

Oats No. of acres

7 ~_. T 'x 5 ~ -~ 7~i te ^- H ~. ~ ~

-1

Corn No. of acres

t-1

isiliSilililgiligg

Wheat No. of acres

o i-c g y 2 -9 ^ = ~ : '- " ^~ ~.
t^ i- re ?i i- ?S :s c"4 -r P x -

Value town lots

cTc-T- ot^ L- cT cT : o^ c"rlMc;

^ ococo ^ ^ o ^

r-T

ll^Sli^s^|^gls|

Value of lands

1C 1^ 7C O i- 71 re 71 71 C-- 7! 71 7) S :' 71

i~ : x r: f: -: vf -i' v= ~\~~i.~

s
ft

^^.z$~"~'fZ : t y7~^Z : ,^^i~y

Value personal property.

f 3 gi:=n?:Hl

Value agricultural im-
plements and tools

.x, -o.ce:: p

Acres unimproved land..

.-1 -H 71 TT t"- CC

S
8

c^i ri ri r oo $ c< N !-?:--; ~ x 5 M t^ ^ ?\

Acres improved land

aaassaass^sa ?' ^ ^ ?i -

111 liljill 1 11 1 1 i i

i i ! : i : 1 ; : : 1 i i I ! i i i

1 ! I ! ! ! i 1 i i 1 i i i 1 i'i

i j ! 1H 1 :^ H i 1 h cU

=i yi5J2 is' j : ^ i^

300

HISTORY OF M DONOIHJII COUNTY.

Value.

s^s*saB%sssas8sc!

D COl>t>OO-i itD^t^iOt^QO^^t^-O^'

No. of wagons and car-
riages

S c cg;*cc^3g;5;23

Value.

No. of hogs.

i C? I- 1-- t T}< S3 - 00 OC ST. ^ O
CCCOi -r-MC-l^X-l t^C5

i^i^uoai-^co
eo C?OOI-H t-i oI^

Value.

^ *t* LC an . ' t^ c^ o 'M L^ r*. o
oSS i~ o cc c -= ac -

No. of sheep.

Value.

No. of mules and asses..

Value....

> ?J 2? C: r? o cc i- co o> q>

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HISTORY OF M' DO NO UGH COUNTY. 301

CHAPTER XXVIII.

THE BAR OF THE COUNTY.

In looking over the records of the Circuit Court of this county,
we observe the names of many practicing attorneys who have
since hecome eminent in their chosen profession or in the affairs
of the State. "We propose, in this chapter, to give a short sketch
of some of 'these, giving first, the Judges; second, State's Attor-
neys, and third, practicing attorneys.

Judges of the Circuit Court. McDonough county is now in the
Eleventh Judicial Circuit, but on the organization of the county
and up to 1873, it was included in the Fifth Judicial Circuit of the
State. Originally this circuit included all that part ot the State
known as the "Military Tract," and extended across the northern
part of the State, including the counties of Cook and JoDavies.

The first judge of this circuit was the Hon. Richard M. Young,
who was appointed in the year 1828, and made his residence at
Galena; afterwards in 1833, he resided in Quincy and remained
in office till January 1837, when he resigned, having been by the
legislature elected United States Senator for six years. Judge
Young was a native of Kentucky, and was one of the first settlers
of northern Illinois. He ranked high in his profession, and his
counsels did much to shape the policy of the State. In his man-
ners gentle, courteous and' entertaining, which qualities rendered
him attractive and popular. He was generous in his feelings and
liberal in his views, and hence stood high in the esteem of all who
had the pleasure of his acquaintance. He possessed a liberal en-
dowment of intellectual ability and literary and legal acquire-
ments, arid these with his other qualifications, admirably fitted
him for the post he was called to fill. Upon all with whom he
came in contact he left a lasting and favorable impression. His
course in the United States Senate brought him to general notice,

302 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

and after the expiration of his term he was appointed commis-
sioner of the general land office, by President Polk. He also dis-
charged the duties of other offices, at the city of Washington,
with honor to himself and advantage to the country.

The Hon. James II. Ralston, a native of Kentucky, was elected
by the Legislature in 1837 to fill the vacancy occasioned by the
resignation of Judge Young, and in August of the same year he
resigned on account of his health, with a view of going to, and
living in, Texas, whither he went, but soon returned to Quincy,
his former residence and resumed the practice of his profession.
In 1840 he was elected State Senator. In 1846 President Polk ap-
pointed him Assistant Quartermaster of the United States army,
and he was ordered to report for duty to the Commandant of the
Illinois Volunteers, then en route for Mexico. Having discharged
the duties of his station faithfully during the war with Mexico,
he returned home and soon after emigrated to California.

The Hon. Peter Lott, a native of ISTew York, was elected the
successor of Judge Ralston, and continued in the office until
January, 1841. He was subsequently appointed clerk of the cir-
cuit court of Adams county, in which capacity he served until
1848, when he was elected to the same office under the provisions
of the new constitution, and served until 1852; he then went to
California and was appointed Superintendent of the United
States Mint, in San Francisco, by President Pierce, and was re-
moved in 185 b by President Buchanan, and afterwards moved to
Kansas and lived in humble life.

Hon. Stephen A. Douglas was elected Judge by the Legislature
in 1841, and continued in office till August, 1843, when he re-
signed, having been elected to Congress from the Fifth Congress-
ional District. The life and career of this great man, is so well
and widely known as to render any extended notice of him use-
less. It is sufficient to say that the circumstances under which he
entered upon the duties of the office were sufficient to thoroughly
try the force and scope of his abilities. The circuit was large
the previous incumbent of the office had left the "docket" loaded
with unfinished "cases" ; but he was more than equal to the task.
He "cleaned out the docket" with that dispatch and ability
which distinguished his subsequent course; and so profound
was the impression which he made upon the people, that, in the
first congressional electional which occured after he was estab-
lished in his character as a judge, he received the nomination for

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. o03

member of the lower house of Congress, and was elected thereto.
Through the distinguished abilities which he displayed as a States-
man, he received the appellation of the "Little Giant," and be-
came the recognized leader of a great political party. In 1860 he
received the nomination for the Presidency, but was beaten by
Abraham Lincoln, his competitor for the United States Senate
two years previous. On the inauguration of President Lincoln,
and the subsequent withdrawal of the Southern States from the
Union, and the war following, Mr. Douglas took strong union
ground, and declared henceforth there could be but two parties in
the county, patriots and traitors. In a few days thereafter he was
taken sick and died on the third of June, 1861, sincerely mourned
by the whole nation. But two men have ever been more sincere-
ly mourned than Stephen A. Douglas George Washington and
Abraham Lincoln.

Hon. Jessie B. Thomas succeeded to the office. He was ap-
pointed in August 18-13, and continued in it until 1845, when he
resigned. Judge Thomas possessed high legal abilities and ac-
quirements, and discharged the duties of the office with honor to
himself and to the satisfaction of the people. After his resigna-
tion he was appointed to another circuit and soon after died.

Hon. ]STorman H. Purple was the next incumbent of the office.
He was elected in 1845, and served till May 1849, when he re-
signed. The probable cause of this was the insufficiency of sal-
ary. The people of this district were anxious to retain him as
judge and probably would but for the cause stated. He was dis-
tinguished for high legal abilities and executive talents, and the
office was rendered the more honorable by his having occupied it.

Hon. "Wm. A. Minshall was the next judge. He was elected in
May, 1849, and continued in the office until his death, which was
in October, 1851. Judge M. was a native of Tennessee, and came
early into the State. He was an active and successful lawyer and
attained distinction in his profession. Previous to his election as
judge, he had been a member of the constitutional convention,
and also a member of the State Legislature.

Hon. O. C. Skinner succeeded Judge Minshall, and occupied the
office from May, 1851, to May, 1853, when he was elected to the
supreme bench and remained there till 1858, when he resigned,
lie was a sound, able lawyer and popular as a judge, and gained
eminence in his position on the supreme bench.

304 HISTORY OF M'DONOUCJH COUNTY.

lion. Pinkney H. Walker succeeded Judge Skinner. He occu-
pied the office from May, 1853, to May, 1858. He was then ap-
pointed by the Governor to fill a vacancy in the supreme bench-
caused by the resignation of Judge Skinner. In 1859 he was
elected to the supreme bench for nine years, which position he
now holds. Judge Walker was a native of Kentucky, and came
into the State with his father among the first settlers, and located
in this county. He had only such advantages for obtaining his
literary acquirements as the county then afforded ; but a strong de-
termination, added to high intellectual abilities and good health,
carried him over all the educational wants of the time, and gave
him a fair position as a scholar. The same qualifications rendered
him thorough as a student of law, and gave him superiority as a
counsellor, and marked him as a proper person for the position
which he now occupies and sustains with distinguished ability.
His present residence is Rushville, Schuyler county.

Hon. John S. Bailey was the succeeding incumbent of the office,
and served for three years. Previous to this appointment, he was
State's Attorney for the district ; was considered a sound lawyer,
and made an impartial judge. He now resides in Macomb, and
yet follows his chosen profession.

Hon. Chauncey L. Higbee, the present incumbent, was first elec-
ted in 1861, and has been re-elected twice, each time for six
years. His reputation as an able judge is unquestioned, and less ap-
peals are made from his decisions than from any other in the
State.

S. P. Shape. This gentleman was born in Mississippi, but was
taken by his parents to Ohio while yet an infant. In the spring
of 1839 he removed to this State; afterwards read law with Judge
Purple and Judge Powell in Peoria, and on the eleventh of June,
1856, was admitted to the bar. He first opened an office in Meta-
mora, Illinois, remaining there but a short time, when he removed
to Lewistowu, in Pulton county, in which place he yet resides. For
many years he has had an extensive practice, not only in the
counties of his own judicial district, but in Logan, Mason and Cass
counties he has had a large amount of business before the courts.
In August, 1877, he was elected judge of this district without
opposition. Although he has had but little practical experience
on the bench, his thorough knowledge of law, quick comprehen-
sion and well known impartiality, will doubtless make him popular
with the bar and the people.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 305

Stale 's Attorneys. The gentlemen who have filled the office of
State's or prosecuting attorney for the district of which McDou-
ough county forms a part, deserves more than a passing notice.
Like the judges they form a galaxy in which the citizens of the
county may justly take pride. If it were possible we would be
pleased to give a more extended notice of the life work of each,
but our space forbids.

The first incumbent of the office was the Hon. Thomas Ford.
This gentleman served from the organization of the county until
January, 1835. Possessed of high and noble qualities of manhood,
a thorough student, a keen, energetic, untiring lawyer, of strict
integrity and high and laudable aspirations, he was universally
esteemed and respected. Afterwards became judge of the north-
ern district, and when he became known over the State he was
chosen governor by a spontaneous movement of the people. He
held this office during the Mormon war.

The successor of Mr. Ford was the Hon. William A. Richard-
son, who served till 1837. Mr. Richardson's personal merits and
characteristics are too well known to the people to require any
delineation. His predominating traits were courage, unyielding
perseverance and unvarying adherence to the course to which he
was committed. He had command ef a regiment of Illinois
volunteers, in the Mexican war, and in the battle of Buena Yista
his cap was carried from his head by a musket ball. At the close
of the war he returned home, where his services were recognized
and rewarded by a generous people by an election to Congress.
He was re-elected five times. His last election was in 1860. He
was also appointed Governor of Nebraska, by President Buchanan.
This post he resigned after a year's service.

Hon. Henry L. Bryant succeeded Mr. Richardson, his term
commencing in 1837 and continuing until 1839. He is character-
ized as a gentleman of fine qualities and an able lawyer.

Hon. William Elliot was the next occupant . of the office. He
served from January, 1839, till January, 1848. He was esteemed
as a worthy man, a warm friend and a good lawyer. He served
in the Black Hawk war, and was wounded in a hand-to-hand con-
flict with a single Indian, whom he killed. He was quartermas-
ter in the fourth regiment of volunteers during the Mexican war,
and served through. He returned to Lewietown after the war. and
soon died.

306 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Hon. Robert S. Blackwell was the successor of Mr. Elliot, and
served from 1848 till 1852. Mr. Blackwell was one of the most
distinguished lawyers in the State, and is the author of "Black-
well on Tax Titles."

Hon. Calvin A. Warren followed Mr. Blackwell in the office.
Mr. "Warren served from May, 1852, until August, 1853. This
gentleman was a popular, fluent speaker and successful lawyer.

Hon. John S. Bailey succeeded Mr. Warren. He filled the
office with credit to himself and satisfaction of the people of the
district, until September 1858, when he resigned to take a seat on
the bench.

Hon. L. H. Waters was appointed by the Governor to serve out
the unexpired term of Mr. Bailey. Mr. Waters served until the
fall of 1860, giving due satisfaction to the people. In the follow-
ing year Mr. Waters offered his services to the general govern-
ment, and served a few months as Lieutenant Colonel of the 28th
Regiment Illinois Volunteers. Resigning, he was commissioned
to raise another regiment, which he succeeded in doing, and re-
ceived the appointment of Colonel. The 84th Regiment Illinois
Volunteers, under his command, did much excellent service. C1.
Waters made a splendid officer, and was much thought of by his
men. At the close of the war he returned to his home in Ma-
comb, where he practiced his profession for about four years,
when he removed to Missouri. He now resides at Jefferson City,
the capital of that State.

Thomas E. Morgan was the next incumbent of this office, and
was elected in 1860. Mr. Morgan was a lawyer of fine abilities,
and stood at the head of the bar in this part of the State. He
died on the twenty-second day of July, 1867. L. H. Waters, a
notice of whom is given above, was appointed to fill the vacancy
occasioned by his death.

L. W. James, of Lewistown, was the next incumbent. Mr. James
is a lawyer of more than ordinary abilities, and was one of the
best prosecutors in the district. He enjoyed the respect and good
will of every member of the bar. His term of office expired in
1862.

C. F. Wheat, the present County Attorney, was first elected in
1872, and re-elected in 1876.

Among others of the more prominent members of the early bar,
the most prominent was Hon. Cyrus Walker. Mr. Walker was

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 307

born in Rockbridge county, Virginia, May 14tb, 1791. Was
taken when an infant to Kentucky, where he resided until 1833,
when he removed to Macomb, McDonough county, Illinois, where
he resided until the day of his death, which took place December
1, 1875. We are indebted to Hon. Hawkins Taylor, of Washing-
ton City, for the following sketch, first appearing in the Carthage
Gazette, January 5, 1876 :

"The father of Cyrus Walker and my mother were brother and
sister, and we both grew up in the same county (Adair). When
the families first went from Virginia to Kentucky, settlers for
twenty miles had to assist each other in house raising and log
rolling, and for three years the father of Cyrus acted as a ranger,
watching the movements of the Indians and warning settlers of
approaching trouble. His circuit embraced several hundred miles
of wild, unsettled country, and he was compelled to live almost
entirely on game, and camp out at night. I have often heard him
class dried coon as the sweetest meat that he had. Several of the
uncles of Cyrus Walker were soldiers in the revolutionary war.
The old stocks were both Irish Presbyterians, all of them learned
in the scriptures, and of stern, unyielding wills. Cyrus was
mainly self-taught, there being no schools in that section of the
country at that day, and from his admission to the bar he took
high position as a lawyer. At that time, in that part of Ken-
tucky, the lawyers traveled the circuit on horseback, and were a
merry mess. They were getting ready to attend the Burksville
court when Billy Owens, a man of large ability, kind heart, and a
good lawyer, but rough and rather dissipated, saw that Walker
was not with them, when he hunted him up and inquired the
reason. Walker told him that he had no money. Owens at once
gave him $15, and Walker went along, and was so successful that
he paid expenses and took home $37, a larger sum than he had
ever at one time possessed ; and as long as he remained in Ken-
tucky he was the leading lawyer of that county. Several years
later, when Walker was at the head of the bar, Owens, partially
under the influence of liquor, made a bitter attack on Walker,
during the trial of an important case, to which Walker made no
reply, although at that day rather disposed to readily resent an
insult. Some of his friends inquired the reason. Walker told
them of the kind assistance of Owens when he so much needed
help, and when it did him so much good; remarking that nothing
Owens could say that did not afreet his integrity would be resented

308 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

by him. The next morning Owens made an apology to the court
for his unjust remarks to Walker. Walker's motto through life
was never to forget a friendship nor do injustice to any one.

"I have often heard Mr. Walker say he regretted the prosecution
of the unfortunate young man that was tried, convicted and hung
in your town for a murder committed by him in Frederick, on
the Illinois river. He always believed he could have saved the
life of the young man if he had defended him ; and while the
case was an aggravated one, still Mr. Walker said that nothing
could ever induce him to prosecute another man for murder, and
he never did ; but he defended and got clear a good many that
deserved to be hung.

"When Mr. Walker made a profession of religion, he, for a
time, contemplated quitting the law and turning his attention to
the ministry. He was educated to believe that slavery was a sin,
and when he joined the church he freed all his negroes and paid
their passage to Liberia. Amongst the number was a sprightly
boy who has since risen to distinction in Liberia. This boy had
a young and handsome wife, who was the property of the pastor
of the Presbyterian church, to which Mr. Walker belonged.
When Mr. W. set his slaves free he urged his minister to free the
wife of the boy he had set free, but the minister refused to do so,
saying he was not able to lose the value of the woman, although
he had himself got her by marriage. Mr. Walker sent off his
freed people, fully believing that the minister would not separate
the man and wife when the time for separation came, but he still
refused, and Mr. Walker bought and paid him for her and sent
her on after her husband to Louisville.

"Mr. Walker removed to McDonough county, Illinois, in 1833,
and lived there until his death. He never moved to Iowa, but he
practiced there for several years. The partiality of Judge Doug-
las against him, as he believed, was the cause of his going to Iowa,
and his large practice retained him there for several years.

"Mr. Walker, as you truly say, had no taste for office. He
served two terms in the Kentucky legislature during the great ex-
citement between the " old court " and " new court," because he
was the most popular man on the old court side in the county,
and was forced by his friends in the contest to their ticket, and
carried the county by a majority of 222, when no other man on
his side could have carried it.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 309

"After the formation of congressional districts in Illinois, based
on the census of 1840, the JoDaviess district was largely Whig
with the Mormon vote, but a debatable district, the Mormon vote
going to the Democrats. Xearly all the counties in the district
had Whigs who wanted to be candidates, but they were willing to
give way to Mr. Walker, if he would only consent to be a candi-
date. Walker was then in Iowa, attending the courts, the last
one being in Lee county, lasting several weeks. He stopped with
me. His trunk was full of letters from all parts of the district,
urging him to allow the use of his name for Congress. Amongst
the letters were, at least two, from Joe Smith, and several from
George Miller, then Mormon Bishop, but who had formerly lived
at Macomb, and was, while there, a brother elder in the Presby-
terian church with Mr. Walker. All these letters urged Mr.
Walker to be a candidate to save the district for the Whigs.
Smith, in his letters, pledged the Mormon vote to Walker, if he
would allow his name to be used, but would not agree to vote for
any other Whig. Mr. Walker had steadily refused to be a can-
didate, until he felt that his duty to the noble Whig party re-
quired him to make the sacrifice ; but when he entered into the
contest, he was terribly in earnest and went into the tight with a
will. Alexander Sympsou, one of God's people, and myself
were to watch the movements at Xauvoo. It was well understood
by Walker and his friends, that the Democracy would not give
up the Mormon vote without a great effort. One of the Backin-
stose's was sheriff, and the other clerk of the Hancock Circuit
Court, and Douglas was a candidate for Congress in the Adams
district. I supposed, and I became satisfied, that things were
not working well in Xauvoo, and went down to Wareaw to meet
Mr. Walker, who was there holding a joint discussion with his
opponent, Hoge. That night Mr. Walker went up to Xauvoo.
The next morning he called on Joe Smith, and told him that he
released him from all the pledges made to give him the Mormon
vote, but in turn asked honest dealing, telling Smith that if it was
necessary for their (the Mormons) safety from arrest by the State
authorities that he should vote for Hoge, that he would tell him
so, and in that event he would at once go to Galena, and spend
the balance of time before the election in the northern part of the
district. Joe said, with great vehemence : u I promised you the
support of this church, and vou shall have it. You stay here and
H 20

310 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

meet Hoge on Thursday." Mr. Walker was worn out in the can-
vass, and not well, and he stopped with Joe. The joint discussion
between the candidates took place, and everything indicated that
Walker would get the united vote of the church. On Saturday
the voters of the church, in city and county, were called together
in the grove near the temple, where Hyrum Smith made a speech
of about one hour, urging the voters to vote for Hoge. It was a
regular Democratic speech, and appeared to have no influence.
He was followed by Wilson Law in a bold, telling, Whig speech
in favor of Walker, and from the commencement until the end, he
was cheered by the entire Mormon audience, At the, close of the
speech. Hyrum arose black and furious, stretching himself to his
full height, and extending his arm its lull length, said : 'Thus
saith the Lord, if this people vote against Hoge for Congress on
Monday, a greater curse would befall them than befell them in
Missouri. When God speaks, let men obey,' and immediately
left the stand ; and the whole audience dispersed in silence.
When Walker heard of Hyrum's speech he was indignant, and.
was for leaving Joe's house, but Joe stopped him, professing to be
furiously mad at Hyrum, saying that he would himself make a
speech to the people on Sunday morning, and he again repealed
the pledge that Mr. Walker should have the Mormon vote. The
next morning Joe did speak to the people just one hour, and no
hour's speech ever had closer attention. In that speech Joe passed
the highest eulogy on Walker that I ever heard from man.
He denounced politicians declaring that Walker was not a poli-
tician, but an honest and a true man, that had been forced to be a
candidate against his will. He denounced in the most bitter
terms any member of the church who would consult the Lord
about who they should vote for, and declared that if any one
should do it, he should be cut off from salvation, said that he
would vote for his friend Cyrus Walker, and commanded all to
vote for the man of their choice without reference to what any
one said ; but in his hour's praise of Walker, and denunciation of
any one that would consult the Lord about who they should vote
for, he said : 'Brother Hyrum is the elder brother ;' 'Brother Hy-
rum never has deceived his people ;' 'Brother Hyrum loves this
people ;' 'When the Lord commands, the people must obey,' etc.
The next day Joe did vote for Walker, and the balance of the
Mormons voted for Hoge and elected him as the Lord had com-
manded.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 311

"Joe's whole object, from the commencement, was to force Gov-
ernor Ford to give an unconditional pledge that no more writs
should be issued against him and other Mormons on requisition
from the Governor of Missouri on the old Missouri indictments ;
and he succeeded. At least, such a paper was brought to him,
Saturday night about one in the morniag. Ford, I believe, denied
that he signed such a paper. The parties engaged in securing
the pledge were not particular how they got it, and may have
forged it, or Ford may have been in a muddled condition when he
signed the paper. The election of Hoge and Douglas depended
on getting the pledge. They made three trips to Springfield-be-
fore they got the pledge that satisfied Joe, and as soon as he was
satisfied he at once sent messages to the commanding and faithful
to support Douglas. They did support and elect him.

"This is the real history of that campaign, so far as Mr. Walker
was concerned. It was to him a campaign of mortification from
the start. He was forced into it contrary to his wishes, and forced
into it largely to get the Mormon votes; but after entering the
contest he was denounced by Whigs all over the district ior try-
ing to get the Mormon, and really lost more Whig votes in the
district than would have elected him, simply because it was sup-
posed that he could get the Mormon vote.

"Cyrus was the oldest of a large family, aud contributed largely
to the education of his brothers and sisters, and to starting them
in business. Probably no man ever gave a larger share of his
earnings than did Cyrus Walker to the education of his brothers,
sisters and relations, to the church to which he belonged, and to
benevolent purposes; besides the freeing of his slaves, which were
twice as much in value at the time as all his other property
amounted to." *

O. H. Browning, Ex-Sectetary of the Interior, and Ex-United
Senator. Archibald Williams, the leader of the Republican par-
ty in the old 5th Congressional District, of which McDonough
county formed a part, J. P. M. Buchanan, an able man, himself
his worst enemy, W. C. GouHy, S. Corning Judd, W. H. Manier,
B. T. Schofield, T. Lyle Dicky, present Judge of the Supreme
Court, and others, have had a good practice in this county.

The Present Bar. The present resident representatives of the
bar are no less able than those preceding them at any time in the
history of the county. Among the number are several who en-

312

joy a very large and lucrative practice, not only in our own court,
but in the United States District Court, and in the Supreme Court
of the State. As we give a list of attorneys in the business di-
rectory of the various towns, it is unnecessary to repeat in this
connection.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 313

CHAPTER XXIX.

RAILROAD BUSINESS.

Elsewhere we give the history of. the Chicago, Burlington and
Quincy Railroad, therefore it is not necessary to give more than a
passing notice in this place. Without disparagement to the
others, this can be said to be the chief road passing through the
county, its volume of business being larger, and its facilities far
greater than its competitors. McDonough county subscribed
875,000 to aid in its construction, and no better investment has
she ever made. There has been returned by the road in the shape
of taxes, far more than the principal and interest of the subscrip-
tion. By its aid the resources of the county have been developed
to an extent that one can scarcely realize. Towns have sprung
up along its line as if by magic, farms have been opened and
factories have been set in operation, employing hundreds of
hands, and the wealth of the east has been poured into our laps.
George W. Smith, the lamented editor of the Independent, proph-
esied in 1853 that we would almost double our population in
ten years. In less than that length of time the population had
not only doubled, but more than trebled. To-day we have six
times the population we had then, and are constantly increasing.

Opponents of the railroad told the people we had no use for it,
as one train of cars would carry away all the surplus produce
raised in the county in one year. Through the kindness of "W.
McCredie, Freight Auditor of the Chicago, Burlington and
Quincy Railroad, we present a table snowing the shipments
and receipts of this road for the period of time mentioned.
Had it not been for the great Chicago fire in 1871, which destroyed
the records previously made we should have given for the whole
period ot time in which the road has been operated ; but enough
is given to show the extent of the business. Reducing the num-

314

HISTORY OF M DONOUGH COUNTY.

ber of pounds to cars we find there has been shipped of flour,
153; wheat, 560; corn, 2,465; oats, 561; barley, 29 ; rye, 451 ;
other freight, 6,058; coal, 18,926; cattle, 1,581; hogs, 3,343. We
also find received in the same time in cars, lumber, 3,606 ; agri-
cultural implements, 300; merchandise, 3,349; other freight, 4,352.

STATEMENT of Shipments over the Chicago, Burlington and Qaincy
Railroad from May 1, 1871, until December 81, 1875*

Station.

Wheat,

DM.

Corn,
ft.

Oats,
Ibs.

Other
grain, Ibs.

Cattle
No.

Hogs,
No.

Flour
brls.

All other
freight.

Tonnage in
Ibs.

Prairie City....
Bushnell.
Bardolph
Macomb
Colchester.. .
Tennessee... .
Colmar

818,900
2,581,360
1,095,040
5,092,044
38,400
1,087,575
499,000

19,110,210
7,708,440
11,440,170
8,886,701
1,381,210
591,300
1T7..720

2,695,370
1.656,390
1,770,984
4,398,110
594,350
529,325
300,680

3,283,655
1,799,767
962,000
2,546,970
308,070
395,730
324,255

3,227
2,334
4,477
8,990
154
4,330
1,782

35,211
18,509
19,343
55,348
3,126
27,764
14,539

718
2,300
2,429
9,787

4,325,630
18,820,895
5,903,756
16,073,810
7,728,761
4,058,812
3,663,120

42,736,995
40,685,502
31,442,490
62,778,905
385.315,541
22,129,242
10,559,725

11,212,319

49,295,751

11,945,209

9,034,297

25,294

173,840

15,234

60,574,784

595,648.400

During the same period there was shipped coal fromBushnell, 441,000 pounds; from Tennessee,
3, 762, 500 pounds; from Colchester, 374, 313,850 pounds; which does not include what was carried
for use of company, which, with the amount taken by engines, was 120,000 pounds per day.

Receipts During the Same Period.

Station.

Lumber,
Ibs.

Agricul-
tural im-
plements,
Ibs.

Merchan-
dise, Ibs.

All other
freight, Ibs.

Tonnage
in Ibs.

Prairie City

7 750 038

128 195

5 00" 6~)S

3 123 606

16 009 497

Bushnell..'

Bardolph

14,115,535
3 809 5'>0

1,352,075
13 650

6,812,895
1 Ol) 5 3'>0

10,839,387
10 803 078

33,119,892
15 851 568

Macomb

22,801,416

635 465

lo' 316 '704

14 490 548

53 244 133

Colchester

1 946 430

15 940

3 763 777

2 471 687

8 l f 7 *34

Tennessee

933 450

11 91

1 078 061

1*479 '705

3,503,137

Colmar

759 400

5 900

28' ? 169

30y 6 l>

1 357 089

52,115,789

2,163,146

33,486,584

43,517,631

131,283,150

-'Records previous to May 1, 1871, were burned in the great fire of October 9, same year.

A total of 44,740, or an average of 31 cars per day received in
and shipped from the county over this road. Mr. McCredie in-
forms the writer that there has been a slight falling off, in conse-
quence of the opening of the two competing roads, the T., P. &
"W., and the K,, R. I. & St. L. railroads.

Through the kindness of A. L. Hopkins, General Superintendent
of the T., P. & "W., we give table of shipments over^that road.
We could not obtain either receipts or shipments over St. Louis
Division of the C., B. & Q., but estimating as equal to the T., P. &
"W., we can see it will require seventy cars per day to import our
merchandise and transport our products. A good showing.

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY.

315

TABLE of Shipments over T., P. and W. E.
Ending December 31, 1875.

for Six Years

Station.

Wheat,
Ibs.

Corn,
Ibs.

Oats,
Ibs.

Other
grain,
Ibs.

Cattle
Cars.

Hogs,
Cars.

Merchan -
dise and
Sundries .
Ibs.

All other
freight.
Ibs.

Tonnage
in Ibs.

120,033,057
11,554,430
49,417,351
76,586,490
70,000,750

Bushnell

7,115,865
318,210
2,565,165
1,941,830
3,798,460

23,287,520
4,678,900
31,874,276
49,819,670
16.742,5dO

6,705,154
883,530
4,933,985
5,903,020
4,366,960

4,798,976
392,200
3,784,945
4,663,700
3,202,350

234
40
424
242

479

397
66
452
394
1,302

15,994,066
21,590
1,539,325
760,990
3,798,460

48,225,030
3,140,000
885,498
777,250
2,458,000

Scottsburg
Good Hope
Sciota

Blandinsville...

316 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUKTY.

CHAPTER XXX.

BIOGRAPHICAL.

Although McDonough county may not have furnished as many
men eminent in the counsels of the nation as some other locali-
ties, yet there are a few names not entirely unknown to fame,
some of whom have attained eminence at the bar, some in the
sacred desk, proclaiming the unsearchable riches of Christ, some
upon the battle field, yielding up their life's blood in defense of
their country ; while still others, as merchants, doctors, lawyers
and tillers of the soil, have toiled on, content to remain in obscur-
ity, having the love and confidence of their family and those by
whom they are or were immediately surrounded. In this connec-
tion we give sketches of such of our fellow men as were easily ob-
tainable, and who, as a whole, will represent faithfully the spirit
and progress of our county.

LARKIN C. BACON.

This gentleman is a son of Joseph B. arid Agnes (Couch)
Bacon, both of whom were native Tennesseeans. Larkin himself
was born in Washington county, that State, on the second day of
May, 1818.

The circumstances of the senior Bacon, at the time of Larkin' s
birth, were good, but through unfortunate speculation in the
grain and stock trade, he met with severe reverses and was con-
siderably injured in property. Soon thereafter he moved from
his native State to Missouri, and, after a four years' residence in
that State, came to McDonough county, Illinois, where he arrived
in March, 1834, settling upon section 20, Tennessee township,
and where he continued to reside until death called him away.

The subject of this sketch passed his early life upon a farm,
having to labor from the time he became physically able. His

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 317

education consists in that derived from the common schools of
the community in which he lived, and instructions received at the
hands of Isaac Holton, who, for a number of years, conducted a
high school at Hillsgrove, in this county.

Larkhrs general character in youth was excellent. He then
possessed moral qualities which have adhered to him ever since,
through all the vicissitudes of life. It is said of him that he never
uttered an oath never took the name of his God in vain.

He has always been a farmer, but in addition to the ordinary
duties of farm work, has for twenty -five years past been dealing
in stock. All the grain that he raises upon his farm is consumed
in feeding hogs and cattle for the market. He chose agricultural
pursuits because he had been reared to them, and never had any
disposition to engage in any other business.

In the cause of education Mr. Bacon has always taken great
interest, and has done much to advance its interests in the com-
munity in which he resides. For about twenty-five years he has
held the office of School Trustee.

He has never changed his place of residence but three times,
removing, as previously stated, from Tennessee to Missouri, and
from Missouri to Illinois, settling with his parents on section 22.
on which a portion of the town of Tennessee now lies, and from
thence to his present place of abode on section 20, which latter
change occurred in December, 1842.

On the twenty-sixth day of December, 1841, Mr. Bacon was
united in marriage to Miss Honore Durbin, who, after a compan-
ionship of twenty-three years, departed this life. She was a con-
sistent member of the Methodist Episcopal Church for a number
of years, and died possessing a hope of a future reward. On the
twentieth day of October, 1864, Mr. Bacon was again married,
the lady being Mrs. Louisa (Latimer) Meek, of Abingdon, Knox
county. Xo family in the community is more universally esteemed
than that of Mr. Bacon.

AVhen Mr. Bacon began life for himself he had but little of this*
world's goods, receiving from the estate of his father, we believe,
about forty acres of land ; but he had the courage and the will
necessary to success, which, combined with extreme caution, has
placed him in the front rank of the farmers of McDonongh count}'.
He has been successful in business affairs, as is evinced by the well
stocked farm on which he resides, one of the best improved and

318 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

carefully managed in the county. He makes few, if any, mistakes,
in his business ventures, and usually judges correctly upon every
matter requiring an outlay, and if he ever errs, it is on the safe
side. In his neighborhood he is regarded as a most excellent
financier.

Mr. Bacon has been a professor of the Christian religion from a
youth up, having united with the Baptist Church when about
nineteen years of age, with which body he retained connection
until the congregation where he held membership was broken rip
in consequence of the removal of its members from the vicinity,
when he united with the Methodist Episcopal Church, in 1845 or
1846, since which time he has held in that body the offices of trus-
tee, class leader, and superintendent of the Sunday School, in
which latter capacity he has been very active.

It has always been characteristic of Mr. Bacon to seek retire-
ment rather than publicity, and for that reason he has never occu-
pied the public positions in life he is so well calculated to fill.

Since writing the foregoing Mr. Bacon has passed from earth,
departing this life on the twenty-fourth of October, 1877, leaving
a large family and many relatives and friends to sincerely mourn
his loss. But he was prepared to go ; death to him had no fears,
arid now within the limits of the unseen world he awaits the com-
ing of other loved ones.

MAJOR THOMAS A. BROOKING.

The genealogy of the Brooking family can be traced back
through several generations, those bearing the name filling hon-
orable and responsible positions in society for several years. The
grandfather of the subject of this sketch on both his father's and
mother's side was Colonel in the revolutionary war, while his
father, as well as himself, bore an honorable part in the war of
1812.

Thomas Alexander Brooking was the second son of a family of
eleven, eight daughters and three sons, and was born in Rich-
mond, Nottaway county, Virginia, on the twentieth day of Jan-
uary, 1795. His parents were Thomas Vivian and Elizabeth
(Sherwin) Brooking, the latter being the daughter of Colonel
Samuel Sherwin, of revolutionary fame. But little is known of
his early history, save that every opportunity was given him to
obtain such education as would fit him for a useful station in life.
He attended a good classical school in Chesterfield county, Vir-

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 319

giiiia, under charge of Prof. Ferguson, a noted teacher in his day,
and afterward under Prof. Smith. He then went to Manchester,
Virginia, and entered a school under charge of Prof. O'Reily, one
of the best classical scholars in the State. When he completed
the prescribed course in this school, he returned to Richmond,
Virginia, and entered the law office of Hon. Alexander McRae,
one of the most talented lawyers in the city, where he pursued his
studies for a sufficient length of time to enable him to pass a satis-
factory examination and obtain admittance to the bar. On receiv-
ing his diploma, he removed to the State of Kentucky for the
purpos'e of engaging in practice, but for some cause he abandoned
the idea of making the legal profession a life business, but the
knowledge obtained through his reading was beneficial during
life. On the breaking out of the war of 1812 the elder Brooking
enlisted as a private, and when cut some months he was recalled
home to attend the bedside of a dying sister, the government ac-
cepting the services of the sou (of whom we write) as a substitute.
Though quite young, he performed his duty faithfully in the ser-
vice of his country.

A few months before reaching his majority, as previously stated,
he removed to Kentucky, and settled in the tow r n of Versailles,
where he engaged in the mercantile trade. Here he formed the
acquaintance of Miss Mary Louisa Threshly, which soon termi-
nated in love, and the offer of his hand and heart in marriage ; ac-
cordingly, on the twenty-fifth day of January, 1816, the young
couple were duly married. The tie thus formed remained un-
broken until severed by the death of Mr. Brooking in 1858. Thir-
teen children were they blessed with, six of whom have passed on
to that other shore, seven yet living to fill responsible stations in
life. One of the number, Edward Brooking, lost his life in the
service of his country, as a member of the 137th Regiment Illinois
Volunteers. Of the number now living, William is a large farmer,
living north of Macomb ; A. V. is a farmer and stock dealer; R.
S. is a trader ; Mrs. Jane Randolph, widow of the late William H.
Randolph, lives in Macomb ; Mrs. Augusta Palmer lives in Pales-
tine, Texas ; Mrs. Lucy Snyder" lives in Carrollton, Mo. ; Mrs.
Julia Randolph, wife of J. H. Randolph, of Fort Scott, Kansas.

Shortly after his marriage, Mr. Brooking returned to Rich-
mond, Va., where he remained three years, after which he located
in Union county, Ivy., where he leased the celebrated Sulphur
Springs, continuing in its charge five years, when he removed to

320 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Princeton, Caldwell county, remaining there until the fall of 1834,
when he made his tinal removal to McDonough county, settling
in the town of Macomb. By a series of unfortunate ventures in
Kentucky he lost his entire fortune, and came to this county a
poor man but with a determined will and the intention of retriev-
ing all. On his arrival here he engaged as a teacher of a select
school, continuing the same until the following spring. For two
seasons following he engaged in the manufacture of brick north
of town, on the site of Oak wood Cemetery, after which he re-
moved to the old farm now owned by his son, William T. Brook-
ing, where he remained until the spring of 1850, when he pur-
chased the old hotel on the west side of the square, which he
carried on for some years.

In 1835 Major Brooking made a profession of religion and
united with the Methodist Episcopal Church in Macomb, with
which body he retained connection until death, and was very ac-
tive in the cause; indeed, this was his nature; whatever he under-
took to do enlisted all his sympathies and all his energies. In his
death the church in Macomb lost one of its'most'usetul members.

In politics, Major Brooking was an old-line Whig as long as
the party had an existence. Henry Clay, that honored son of
Kentucky, had in him a warm supporter and friend, and every
principle of that old party had a response in his breast. With its
death he became identified with the Republican party ; although
his life was not long spared after its oganization, he yet had the
supreme satisfaction of voting for its first candidate for President.
Although born in Virginia, and in that State and Kentucky
spending the greater part of his life, he yet was an anti-slavery
man, and was never afraid to express his sentiments. Save that
of Justice of the Peace, he never held public office, preferring
the retirement of private life, though often solicited by friends to
become a candidate. Contrary to his expressed will he was placed
in nomination by the Whigs in 1849 for County Judge, but it
being the "off year" of the Whig party he was defeated. Had
he been elected, he, no doubt, would have discharged the duties
of the office to the satisfaction of his constituents.

Major Thomas A. Brooking was a large portly man, kind
hearted and benevolent in the extreme. He was a man who en-
joyed life, and whatever may have been the turn in fortune's wheel
it made no perceptible change in his deportment. His doors
were always open to the poor and needy, and the hospitalities of

HISTORY OF H'jX>NOXJGH COUNTY. 321

his house were ever extended to his friends, and his kind invita-
tions were often accepted. It was his pride to exercise true Vir-
ginia hospitality. During his life in McDonough. county he made
many warm friends who will ever bear him in grateful remem-
brance. On the twenty-fifth of February, 1858, he was called to
his long home. But he was prepared to go and could unfalter-
ingly say when the dread summons came, "Thy will be done, O,
Lord." He was buried on the old homestead, the services being
conducted by the Masonic Order of Macomb, of which body
he had for many years been a consistent member. His loved
companion tarried upon this side of the river for nineteen years
when she too, passed away, leaving a lar^-e circle of friends and
relatives to mourn her loss.

A. V. BROOKING.

The father of the subject of our present sketch was Thomas
A. Brooking, one of the pioneer settlers of old McDonough, who
came to the county in the fall of 1835, and here lived, honored
and respected by all, until the day of his death, which occurred
in 1858. His mothers maiden name was Mary L. Threshly ; she
but recently departed this life at a ripe old age.

Alexander Vivian Brooking was born at Sulphur Springs, Ky.,
on the 26th day of February, 1829, and with his parents came to
this county m 1835, being at that time but six years of age. He,
therefore, may well be classed as one of McDonough county's
sons. A short time before they left Kentucky his father met
with misfortune, losing his entire property; and, like many others
determining to build up again, sought new fields of labor, and se-
lected McDonough county as the basis of his operations, and re-
moved here as above stated, arriving with only one span of horses
and twenty-six dollars in money. The early life of "Viv.," as he
is familiarly called by those who are intimate with him, was pass-
ed upon a farm, and in attendance on the common schools of the
county. The first school which he attended was taught by T. Lyle
Dickey, then a young law student', and now one of the Supreme
Judges of the State. On the farm, four miles north of Macomb,
he spent twenty-nine years of his life, or until he was thirty-three
years of age, when he removed to Macomb, embarking in the
livery business. Here he has since remained, engaged in the
above business, and also for many years having charge of the well
known Randolph Hotel. During this time he has never aban-

322 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

doned the farm, but has continued in charge of it, overseeing the
raising of the crops year by year, and improving it greatly. In
one thing he has always been especially noted, and that is in his
love of tine stock, and in this branch of business he has devoted
much time and the expenditure of thousands of dollars. Several
of the most noted horses ever in the county were his property.
The great improvement manifest to all in this respect is due, in a
great measure to him. He was the originator of the Stock Asso-
ciation of the county, being the first to suggest the idea, and worked
hard to bring it to a high standard, succeeding beyond his ex-
pectations.

On the twenty-seventh day of August, 1851, he was united in
the bonds of matrimony to Miss Elizabeth II. Randolph, daughter
of Benjamin F. Randolph, by whom he had five children, two of
whom are now living. Mrs. Brooking died on the twenty-ninth
day of August, 1862. He again married on the twenty-first day
of April, 1864, this time to Miss Elizabeth Butler, of Knox
county, Illinois, the fruits of the marriage being five children, one
of whom is dead.

In the home circle Mr. Brooking is kind and affectionate, en-
joying the confidence and love of his entire family ; in public he
enjoys the respect and esteem of all who know him ; in business
affairs he calculates closely ; never hastily jumps at a conclusion,
generally weighing the matter carefully in his own mind, and
when a conclusion is arrived at, he can be depended upon.
Strange as it may seem to a man in his walk of life, surrounded
by those who view the matter in a different light, he has never
taken a dram of liquor in his life, and never voted for license. He
makes no boast of his temperance principles, however ; does not
condemn unmercifully those who differ with him, but always con-
sistently practices his belief. It is related of him that on one
occasion, when the State fair was held in Chicago, he was on a
committee of which Long John "Wentworth, General Singleton
and others were members, .and having a meeting in one of the
rooms of a hotel, liquor was brought in, and he was pressed
to partake. Declining respectfully, he told them he never had
partaken of liquors of any kind, and desired never to do so.
Long John, then so full he could hardly stand, staggered across
the room, and slapping him on the shoulder, said : "That's right,
my boy ; never do." And he never has. Neither has he ever

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 323

used tobacco in any form. A lesson is here offered to young men
to follow his example.

EDGAR BOLLES. M. D.

William K. Bolles, the father of the subject of our present
sketch, is a " true-blue Yankee," having first seen the light of
this world in ]STew London, Connecticut, in the year 1807. His
mother, Sarah (West) Bolles, is a native of New York, her birth-
place being in Hillsdale, Columbia county. She was also born in
1807, there being only two or three months difference between
her age and that of her husband. Their son Edgar, of
whom we now write, was born on the twelfth day of January,
1837, in Sandusky county, Ohio, whither his parents had immi-
grated some years previous. When he was but six weeks old,
desiring to better their condition in life, his parents emigrated to
Lagrange county, Indiana, traveling the entire distance in an old-
fashioned lumber wagon drawn by oxen. Here they remained
for fifteen years, or until 1852, suffering greatly from the chills
and fever of that malarious district. They now determined on
returning to Mrs. Bolles' native county, which they did, remaining
there one year. The mountains and rocks were too much for
them, however, and they again decided to try the West, choosing
this time the fertile prairies of Illinois. They came direct to
this county, and settled in Blandinsville township in 1853, after-
ward removing to Emmet, where the old folks yet remain.

The farm has been the great nursery of nearly all the best men
of the country, and here Edgar passed his boyhood and youth,
acquiring strength of mind and body, which tit him for the dis-
charge of the duties of his chosen profession. In spring, summer
and fall, from the time he was old enough to be of assistance, he
was compelled to labor, and in the winter was allowed to attend
the common country school. Thus his life was passed until he
reached the age of twenty-one. During all this time there was
a growing desire in his heart to occupy a higher position in life,
to receive an education that would fit him for future usefulness.
As soon as he reached his majority he at once made preparations
to attend the Seminary in Blandinsville, an institution at that
time of some importance. Here he pursued his studies for two
years, acquiring a pretty thorough English education, enabling
him to pursue the profession of a teacher, which he had chosen
as a stepping stone to that which should follow after. For seven

324 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

years thereafter he engaged in this work, teaching in the winter,
when a school could be obtained, and clerking in the summer.
In this way he obtained means for the principal object he had in
view from the first the study of medicine, which profession he
desired to adopt as a life work.

In August, 1853, he first began to read medicine with Drs.
Huston & Hammond, in Macomb. As may well be understood
from what is previously written, he could not pursue his studies
uninterruptedly for the want of means. In the fall of 3868, he
was considered far enough advanced to attend lectures, and hav-
ing saved enough from his labors to pay his tuition for the
term, we therefore find him in attendance in Long Island Hos-
pital College, Brooklyn, New York. Here he remained dur-
ing the term, returning home in the spring, and engaging in
teaching the next fall. He now determined to enter the Detroit
Medical College, Detroit, Michigan, as a more thorough and suit-
able institution, which he did, and passing through the prescribed
course, received, in the spring of 1870, the degree of "Doctor of
Medicine and Surgery." On graduating, he returned home,
taught school another term, and returned to Detroit in the fall,
and assisted Professors Weber and Jenks during the college term
of 1870-71, in the chairs of anatomy and diseases of women and
children. At the close of the term he concluded to remain a short
time in Detroit, and entered the office of Dr. Jenks as assistant, re-
maining with him some months. Becoming somewhat dissatisfied
with the practice in that city, he returned to Illinois in the fall of
1860, and located at Pennington's Point, in this county, where he
yet remains. During the first year or two of his stay at the Point
he engaged in teaching as well as in the practice of his profession.
In thus doing, he made enough money on which to live while
building up a self-sustaining practice. Something over six years
have now elapsed since he entered upon the duties of his profes-
sion, and he now enjoys a practice second to but one or two, and
probably second to none in the county. Night and day are his
services in demand, and his success as a physician has been remark-
ably good.

On the fifteenth day of May, 1872, Dr. Bolles led to the mar-
riage altar Miss Fannie Penrose, of Macomb. with whom he lives
in a pleasant home at the Point. Two children have been born
unto them, one of whom soon passed over to the other side of the
river of death.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY 325

In the career of Dr. Bolles there is an excellent lesson for
young men. Inheriting not a dollar, and at the age of twenty-
one without a penny to begin life, he worked his way for two
years through a good high school, obtaining an education to fit
himself for a teacher, which profession he adopted as a temporary
expedient to enable him to obtain means to pursue a course of
study for the medical profession. Entering a medical college, he
soon graduated with high honors, and is now recognized as one of
the leading physicians in the county. To enable him to accom-
plish all this he spent about two thousand dollars, every dollar of
which he secured by hard labor. And yet there are hundreds
and thousands of yeung men who utterly bewail their fate, and
say they can't advance.

Dr. Bolles is a tall, athletic looking man, full six feet, black
hair and eyes, solidly built, usually in the enjoyment of perfect
health. His powers of endurance are very great, especially fit-
ting him for the life of a physician. As a man, the doctor enjoys
the respect of all who are acquainted with him; his social quali-
ties commend him to all alike, In the home circle he is kind and
gentle in the extreme. AVe believe a bright future is yet before
him.

ALOXZO BARNES.

'Alonzo Barnes, son of Truman and Laura (Xeale) Barnes, was
born in Xew Hartford, Conn., on the tenth day of May, 1825.
AVhen but a mere child his parents removed to Xew Haven, in
the same State, where they remained until the year 1838, when
they came AVest, their son accompanying them, and settled in
Canton, Illinois. From the time he attained the right age, until
the removal of his parents from Xew Haven, he attended the Lan-
casterian school in that city, obtaining a fair common school edu-
cation, since which time he had the advantage of but one winter's
term of school. The desire for a thorough education was very
great with him, but his parents were unable to gratify his long-
ing. This, however, did not deter him from the effort to acquire
knowledge, and we find him at home, after the labors of the day
were ended, studying to advance himself in the knowledge of the
science and literature of the day. On his removal to Canton, as
every youth in the land should do, he learned a trade, choosing
that of cooper, becoming quite proficient in the business.

H 21

326 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

When seventeen years of age, by permission of his parents, he
left home to care for himself, with a determination to succeed in life
if it were possible. He commenced work in the timber, cutting
and splitting rails at fifty cents per hundred, and cutting saw logs
at twelve and a half cents per log, securing in this way the small
amount of cash which served as a basis for all his future opera-
tions. One thing may here be remarked of him, and that is, he
has always obeyed the scriptural injunction, "Whatsoever thy
hand findeth to do, do it with all thy might." In thus doing suc-
cess hath crowned his efforts.

In boyhood and youth he enjoyed the confidence and respect of
his elders, keeping aloof from the degrading and demoralizing
habits in which the young are liable to be led. It is said of him,
no oath ever passed his lip?, and that he was never known to
speak a wilful falsehood. At fifteen years of age he united with
the Baptist Church, in Canton, and was baptised by Elder Newell
in that city. During all the intervening years he has ever been a
consistent member of that denomination of Evangelical Chris-
tians, ever taking an active part in the practical duties devolving
upon the members of the body of Christ. He was one of the first
deacons of the Baptist Church in Prairie City, and has held the
office up to the present time.

In June, 1849, he was united in marriage to Miss Maria L.
Parker, of Canton, 111., by whom he has had eight children, five
of whom are now living, three having passed " over the river,"
and, upon the other side, are " watching and waiting" for those
who yet remain.

In 1852, with his father-in-law, he engaged in the mercantile
trade in Canton, under the firm name of Parker & Barnes, which
relation was continued until his removal to Prairie City, in 1854.
When he removed to the latter place none of the signs of thrift
were there which are now discernable. The prairie in all direc-
tions was in its wild state, but few farms having been brought un-
der cultivation. How different now. Not an acre, not a rod, but
what is enclosed. Mr. Barnes, on his removal here, engaged
again in the mercantile trade, he having the honor of bringing to \
the town the first general stock of goods. We believe he has,
without intermission, continued in a like business up to the pres- j
ent time. He also entered at once upon the work of building tip
and adding to the industries and business interests of the place.
With Major Parker, he laid out the first southern addition to the

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 327

town of Prairie City, and alone has expended more money in
buildings than any other person in the town. His own private
residence and its surroundings is one of the finest in the town-
ship, and probably not surpassed by any in the county. He was
the first postmaster in the town, and held the office for ten years,
attending faithfully to its duties when it was more annoyance than
profit. In 1855 he was elected justice of the peace, and also re-
ceived the appointment of Notary Public, one or both of which
he has held continuously ever since. He has also held the office
of township treasurer tor about ten years. As before remarked,
Mr. Barnes is a man of great determination, and who will allow
no obstacle to stand in the way of success. He is -a genuine Yan-
kee, showing the habits of thrift belonging to that class. Starting
in life at the age of seventeen, without a dollar, his only capital
being two strong arms, he has succeeded beyond that of hundreds
possessed of far greater advantages. Young men should profit by
his example as a citizen. ^sfone stand higher in the community
than Alonzo Barnes, and none more than he deserves the good
will of all. As a husband and father, he is kind, pleasant and for-
bearing, providing for the necessary wants of all with a liberal
hand.

JAMES M. CAMPBELL.

The subject of the present sketch is of Scottish descent, his
grand parents on -both sides having been born in Argyleshire,
Scotland, from which place they emigrated in 1773, before the be-
ginning of the revolutionary war, and settled in the State of Vir-
ginia, where his father, JohnR. Campbell, was born. His mother's
maiden name was Margaret F. Self, and she was likewise a Vir-
ginian by birth. About the beginning of the present century his
parents removed to Frankfort, Ky., where, on the twenty-second
day of August, 1803, James Morrison Campbell was born. When
about four years of age his parents removed to Muhlenfterg county,
Ky., where they remained for two years, going from thence to
Shawneetown, 111., in 1809. In the campaign against the Indians,
in the war brought on through British instigation, our country at
that time being engaged in the war of 1812, the father of Mr.
Campbell went out as Lieutenant of Rangers, serving several
years. In 1815, when peace was declared, Lieutenant Campbell
failed to return home, when Mrs. Campbell, supposing him dead,
returned at once to their old home in Frankfort. Here they had

328 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

remained but a short time before the husband and father returned.
At this time James M. was a lad of twelve years of age. Up to
this time the opportunity had not been given him to attend school
but a few months, and having a desire to obtain a greater knowl-
edge of his mother tongue, he was sent to the Frankfort Seminary,
then under the superintendency of Keene O'Hara, an eminent
scholar and strict disciplinarian, whose reputation as an instructor
of youth had extended throughout the State. Here he remained
about four years, obtaining such education as was thought at that
time to be necessary to enable one to make his way in the world.
In 1822, he received the appointment of Deputy Postmas-
ter, under James W. Hawkins, Postmaster of the city of Frank-
fort, and as noble a man as ever lived. With Mr. H. he re-
mained five years and a half, when, thinking he could better his
fortune, he resigned his position to go to Lexington, in the same
State. A few days after he arrived at the latter place, he received
a mail bag, which, on opening he discovered an entire suit of
broad-cloth clothes, and a note informing him that they were a
present from his friend Mr. Hawkins. Not succeeding in Lexing-
ton as he desired, he returned to Frankfort where he remained an-
other year, when in the spring of 1828 he went with his father to
Shelby county, Ky., where he remained until the following win-
ter, when he started for Galena, in this State, but went to Nash-
ville, Teun., where he spent the winter and spring following and
in August, 1829, he arrived at the place 'of his destination.
Here he entered the office of his uncle, Win. Campbell, who at
that time was general agett of the government as receiver of
rents for the use of the lead mines at that place. With his uncle he
only remained a few months when he entered the office of Cir-
cuit and County Clerk, under Col. Abner Field. Here he re-
mained until the spring of 1831, when he received the appoint-
ment of Clerk of the Circuit Court of McDonough county, for
which place he started, arriving at Macomb the county seat of
the newly organized county, on the first day of April, 1831, and
where he has ever since resided, enjoying the respect and esteem
of the people of the whole county.

When Mr. Campbell arrived at Macomb, there was but one
building in the town, that of John Baker, of which mention is made
elsewhere. He at once erected a log house a short distance south
of Baker's, and opened a stock of general merchandise, the first
ever opened in the county.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 329

Strange as it may seem to us who now know the man, he was
taken for a Yankee by the few people living in the vicinity, and
who were principally, if not wholly from the State of Kentucky,
and who hated a Yankee worse than a rattlesnake. At this time
the office of clerk of the County Commissioner's Court was va-
cant and it was found impossible to find a man who would dis-
charge the duties and was capable of filling the office. The name
of Mr. Campbell was suggested, when one of the commissioners
swore no Yankee should ever hold the office with his consent.
Assurance was given by Mr. Campbell that he did not belong to
this much detested race, when he received the appointment and
held the office for fifteen years.

In addition to the office of clerk of the Circuit and County
Court, Mr. Campbell received the appointment from Governor
Reynolds of County Recorder, Xotary Public, and Judge of Pro-
bate, the latter two of which he resigned after a short time.

Heretofore McDonough county had been without a postoffice,
the people of the entire county receiving their mail at Rushville,
Schuyler county. Arrangements were at once made by Mr. C. to
have the mail belonging to citizens of the county brought from
Rushville to Macomb and delivered in his care, he assuming the
payment of the postage, which at that time was seldom paid when
a letter was posted and which was from six and a quarter to twen-
ty-five cents on each letter. On receiving the letters he deposited
them in his hat, and when inquiry was made for them, all that he
would have to do was to remove his beaver and examine the con-
tents. In the spring of this year (1831) a petition was sent to the
Postmaster General praying the establishment of a postoffice in
Macomb and the appointment of Mr. Campbell as postmaster.
On the first of December a commission was received by him and
the office established, the first in the county.

This office he retained for fifteen years, save for about one quar-
ter in 1841, when he was removed and Geo. TV. Pamron ap-
pointed. On learning of his removal, Judge Young, who at this
time was a member of the United States Senate, made inquiries,
and learning the cause of it, notified Mr. C., when evidence was
taken and sent on disproving the charge made against him, and
the postmaster general re-instated him.

In 1832, Mr. Campbell entered the service of the State under
the call made by the governor for volunteers in the Black Hawk

330 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

war. He was in the battalion raised by Major Bogart in McDon-
ough and Warren counties, and was out during its entire service,
receiving as pay the munificent sum of eighty-six cents per day
for self and horse. Again, in 1846, he received the appointment
from the President as Commissary of the 3d regiment, Illinois
Volunteers, for service in the Mexican war. He was only out
about three months, when supposing the war virtually at an end,
he resigned his position and came home, soon again to be honored
with office by his fellow citizens, for in the following year we find
him elected as a member of the Constitutional Convention which
framed the Constitution adopted in 1848. He was a member of
the committee on miscellaneous business in this convention along
with Gen. Singleton and others. In 1852 he was elected to the
State Senate and served in that office four years, during which
time he was a member of the finance committee, the most impor-
tant of the committees.

Mr. Campbell has always taken great interest in political affairs,
and has ever been outspoken in the expression of his views. He
was a strong Clay man previous to 1832, at which time Mr. Clay
made his celebrated speech against the pre-emption of public lands
by actual settlers. This he could not stand, and therefore arrayed
himself with the opposition, who he thought favored more the rights
of the common people. Since this time we find him an earnest and
consistent Democrat, contending more for principle than for policy,
which at any special time might seem of the most importance.
Honoring the party, he has in turn been honored, having, in ad-
dition to the offices mentioned above to which he was elected by
the Democracy, been a member of the County Central Committee
more years than any other man. He has been a member of every
State Convention but two since 1836 ; he represented the Democ-
racy of the State twice in National Convention ; at Cincinnati, in
1856, when James Buchanan was nominated for the Presidency,
and in 1860, at Charleston and Baltimore, when Stephen A. Doug-
las was nominated. He has served as member of the City Coun-
cil and as a member of the Board of Supervisors several terms,
and generally to the satisfaction of all his constituents.

Mr. Campbell has been twice married ; the first time in August,
1831, when he was married to Miss Clarissa Hempstead, in St.
Charles, Mo., and with whom he lived eleven years, she departing
this life in 1842. In 1843 he again married, this time to Mrs.

o31

Louisa F. Berry, a daughter of John Farwell,and a sister of Glad-
den L. Farwell, of Macomb. The fruits of the first marriage
were two sons and four daughters, and of the second, three sons
and one daughter. His first child was the first iemale child born
in the town of Macomb.

As a husband and father, Mr. Campbell is kind and affectionate;
as a citizen, public spirited ; as a neighbor, he enjoys the confi-
dence and respect of all ; to the poor he is ever considerate, and
the worthy subject of charity never goes from his door empty-
handed. No kinder hearted man ever lived than James Morrison
Campbell, and although he has his faults, as others, we do not be-
lieve he would do aught to the willful injury of any. He is a man
of strong, positive character, and therefore has made many strong
friends and equally strong enemies, the latter being, so far as
known, only political ; personally he enjoys the esteem of each
party alike. He is a man that has ever had the good of the city
in which he lives at heart, and has worked hard and sacrificed
much for its prosperity. He built the first store building in the
town, the first frame building, the first school house, and the first
public hall. 2s"ow, in his old age, he is not engaged actively in
any business, his entire means being invested in public buildings,
from the rent of which he receives an income sufficient for the
support of himself and family. We could say much in reference
to this man, but as the history of this county, in a measure, is a
history of his life, and as frequent mention is made in this volume
of his public acts, and many anecdotes are given, we forbear say-
ing more in this connection.

HON. THOMPSON CHANDLER.

The old pioneers of the county are fast passing away, but here
and there yet remains one who labored much to build up and
beautify this noble country of ours. Few men have worked more
earnestly and toiled longer, and whose efforts have been better re-
warded, than Judge Chandler, of Macomb; but, theq, the Judge
comes of a hardy race, being born among the hills of New Hamp-
shire, in the town ofAlstead, October 25, 1805. His early life
was not unlike thousands of others who passed through the com-
mon schools, and with a few months in the academy completed
their education. He remained with his parents on the old home-
stead until after he reached his majority, thus showing a filial
affection to be commended. In the spring of 18-12 he left his

332 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGII COUNTY.

native State and came west as far as Cincinnati, where he remained
two years engaged in the mercantile trade with varying success.
On the expiration of this time he thought to still better his con-
dition by yet removing still further west, and in that new country,
lately opened to immigration, he might attain that success in life
to which he aspired. Accordingly, in the spring of 1834, he
landed in Macomb, this county, where he has since continued to
reside, an honored citizen and an esteemed friend, exhibiting in
his life those traits of character which have rendered him so pop-
ular among the people. For the first three years after his arrival
in .Macomb he engaged in the mercantile trade in company with
the late William Richards, so well and favorably known among
early settlers. His success in this business was as great as could
be expected at that early day, when the settlers had little money
and raised nearly all they ate or wore. Shortly after his arrival
in Macomb he purchased the southeast quarter, section 86, Emmet
township, and afterward the entire section, part of which he ob-
tained for one dollar per acre and the balance for three dollars.
The whole of the southeast quarter is now covered by dwelling-
houses, from the humble cottage of the laboring man to the more
palatial residence of the wealthier class, and is the finest part of
the city of Macomb. From 1837 to the present time, a period of
forty years, Mr. Chandler has been engaged in farming, save a
period of one year while in California. In 1849, with many
others, he took up his line of march to the new Eldorado, where
he engaged for one year in mining and trading, having fair suc-
cess in either operation, but experiencing enough of the hardships
of the country in that time. On his return he again engaged in
his regular calling, which, as remarked, he has followed to the
present time. In addition to the regular work of the farm, he
has for many years been engaged in raising stock, and was prob-
ably the first in the county to take an interest in improving the
breed. At every meeting of the McDonough County Agricul-
tural Association since its organization, his herd of cattle has
attracted considerable attention and almost every year he has taken
one or more premiums on his display.

In politics Mr. Chandler is now and always has been a democrat
of the old school, in the years of his manhood voting with and
working for the success of the democratic ticket. However oth-
ers may have faltered in devotion to the principles of the old party
he always remained firm, and through evil and good report he

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 333

has labored for the success of the party. Honoring the party, he
has in time been honored by it, in receiving the nomination and
election to various offices of trust. He has filled in a satisfactory
manner the offices of Trustee of the town, Alderman of the city,
Justice of the Peace, member of the Board of Supervisors, and
County Judge, in the latter office serving from 1853 to 1861, a
period of eight years. No man that has ever occupied the office
has discharged its duties in a more satisfactory manner. While
in this office many cases of importance were tried before him, his
decisions usually being accepted as final by contesting parties.
As a member of the Board of Trustees, Alderman or Supervisors'
Court, he brought in the discharge of the duties of each the same
unswerving desire to do right in all his public acts, having the in-
terests of all his constituents ever before him, and laboring earnest-
ly and zealously to promote the good of all. His popularity on
this account has ever been great, and we have more than once ob-
served that when his party desired an unexceptionable strong man
they always brought out Thompson Chandler, and seldom has he
ever been defeated. Many times has the large majorities of the
opposition been overcome or reduced to an insignificant amount
through reason of his popularity. The cause of this will be men-
tioned further on in this sketch.

Judge Chandler was married on the third day of February,
1831, to Miss Lucy B. Towne, of Stodard, Xew Hampshire.
Four children have they been blessed w r ith three boys and one
girl. All are yet living save one, Albert B., the second son, who
died on the fifteenth day of September, 1877, at the residence of
his brother, G. C. Chandler, of Chicago. Albert B. had been sick
for a long time with consumption, brought on, doubtless, by ex-
posure. He was a hard-working, industrious young man, toiling
early and late, with the laudable desire of adding to his posses-
sions. His last sickness he bore with remarkable fortitude, and he
passed peacefully away, surrounded by those who gladly would
have relieved him of his sufferings. He was buried in Oakwood
Cemetery, near Macomb, the funeral services being conducted by
Elder G. W. Mapes. Of those yet living, Solon F., the oldest, is
engaged in farming and stock-raising near Macomb; Gardner C.
is engaged in the wholesale hardware trade in Chicago, and has
been doing a thriving business; Mary Almeda is the wife of
Crosby F. Wheat, Esq., a leading lawyer of Macomb, and for
some years County Attorney of McDonough county.

334 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Judge Chandler is rather below the medium height, and
although in the seventy-third year of his age is quite active, and
in his younger days must have been extremely so. As a husband
and father he is kind and indulgent, as a citizen he is enterpris-
ing, as a friend and neighbor he is universally respected; few men
have ever stood higher in the estimation of his fellow-citizens.
We have stated that he has always been popular with the people,
especially has this been the case with the poorer class, whose
friend he has always been. Although having dealings with this
class to a considerable extent, we have yet to hear of the first case
in which he ever oppressed them in any way many poor men
owe their homes to his kindness and forbearance in not prosecuting
his claims against them. It is therefore no wonder he is popular,
and may he ever be so.

JAMES CLARKE.

The subject of our present sketch was among the earliest settlers
of our county, and for years occupied official positions that
brought him before the people as much as any other man within
its border. He was born in Lincoln county, Kentucky, Septem-
ber 26, 1797. His parents were John and Ann (Whitten) Clarke,
the father being a soldier of the revolutionary war. They were
in very moderate circumstances, and when James was but a babe
removed to Washington county, in the same State, engaging in
the occupation of farming, their son assisting them as soon as he
arrived at an age when he could be of service, remaining at home
until eighteen years of age, when he left to learn the trade of hat-
ter, which trade he followed for some years. A few months at-
tendance in the common schools was all the educational advantages
that he ever enjoyed, but that little he made the best of in after
life. The same general traits of character for which he was noted
when more adranced in life was .observable in youth. He was a
quiet, steady and industrious boy, never engaging in any of the
rude sports of the time, and of good moral habits.

On the twenty-first day of May, 1818, a few months before reach-
ing his majority, he was married to Miss Mary Lewis, in Wash-
ington county, Kentucky, with whom he lived happily a period of
fifty-eight years, or until death called him away. Eleven children
were born unto them, eight sons and three daughters, the latter,
with one son, the eldest of the family, yet dwelling upon this side
the river, the rest having passed over.

HISTORY OF M'OONOUGH COUNTY. 335.

Realizing the almost utter impossibility of the poor ever becom-
ing rich, or even obtaining a respectable living in the old states,
especially the slave states, Mr. Clarke determined on emigrating
to Illinois, and in the year 1829, with his family, removed to Mor-
gan county, in this State, where they remained but one year, and
in the spring of 1830 came to this county. When he arrived here
he found but few families, and only scattered settlements here and
there. In the neighborhood of the present city of Macomb,
where he settled, there were but two families, Elias McFadden,
then living on the Hunter farm, south of town, and John Baker,
living near where the Fourth Ward school house now stands. The
county was without organization, all local business being trans-
acted in Schuyler county, and the nearest postoffice being in
Rushville, of the same county. In the summer after his arrival
steps were taken to organize the county, Mr. Clarke being very
active in the matter. In the first election he was elected one of
the three County Commissioners, and was re-elected several times,
serving, we believe, about eight years. He also served several
years as Probate Justice. When a change was made in the gov-
ernment of counties, by the constitution of 1848, he was elected
County Judge, which office he held for four years. He was also
a member of the first city council of Macomb,, and for years was
a Justice of the Peace of the county. In the discharge of his
official duties he endavored to render satisfaction to all, and was
always popular with the people. As Mr. Clarke is frequently
mentioned in this work in connection with his public work, it is
needless to say more in this place.

DAVID CLARKE.

David Clarke, the son ot John and Ann (Whitten) Clarke, was
born on the 28th day of September, 1799, in Washington County
Ivy. Here he resided with his parents until after he reached his
majority. At four years of age he was sent to one of the com-
mon schools of his native county, and continued going at
intervals until he was eight, when he was put to work upon
the farm by his parents, who were in only moderate circum-
stances, and here was kept at hard labor until he reached his ma-
jority. At sixteen he was permitted to attend school three
weeks, which finished his education. When he reached his
majority he placed himself under the instruction of a music
teacher for some mouths, acquiring a pretty thorough knowl-

336 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

edge of the science of music, as taught in that day. As soon
as he finished his course, he adopted the teaching of music
as a profession, and for three years he traveled constantly through
the State engaged in that work. In early life he connected him-
self with the Baptist Church, and when only twenty-two years of
age compiled a hymn book which he denominated "Clarke's
Hymns." This book was adopted by the Baptists and several
other denominations in Kentucky, and continued in use for many
years. Two large editions were issued and speedily sold. Many
copies are yet in existence, and held as precious heirlooms by
their possessors.

On the twenty-fourth day of November, 1325, he was married
to Eliza Swink Russell, daughter of Samuel Russell, in Green
county, Kentucky. Samuel Russell was well known as one of the
pioneers of this county. Twelve children were born unto them,
four only of whom are now living, viz : Margaret M., wife of
Corydon C. Chapman, Christopher Columbus, Samuel James, and
Annie E., wife of Sidney S. Chapman.

In the fall of 1830 he removed with his family to this county,
where he has since resided, being well known to nearly every citi-
zen, especially the older settlers. For many years in the early day
he run a " tavern," which at that time was more of a public resort
than the "hotel" of to-day. Here the people for miles around
assembled to discuss the news of the time and to indulge in drink
For four years he was town constable^ and eight years a justice of
the peace. During the first four years he was justice he tried
over nine hundred cases, a very large docket at that time. He
was ever ready to render a decision, and as soon as a case on trial
was finished, his judgment was rendered and recorded in his
docket. Of all the cases appealed from his decision to the Circuit
Court, he never had a judgment reversed. Few justices transact-
ing the amount of business done by him can say as much.

David Clarke is full six feet in height, well built, and has an
excellent constitution. He is also a man of iron will one that
cannot be swerved from that he considers right. When he de-
clares his intention of doing anything, if in the range of possibil-
ities, it will be done. In the early part of 1841, while under the
influence of intoxicating drinks, a habit which, unfortunately, had
had grown on him previous to that time, he injured himself
somewhat by a fall, when he vowed that he would never drink

HISTORY OF M'DONOCGH COUNTY. 337

another drop, which vow he has ever kept inviolate from that day
to this, not even having partaken of a glass of lemonade a glass
of cider he would no more take than so much deadly poison. He
is a radical temperance man, and not ashamed to own the fact.
For a number of years he acted as Deputy Grand Worthy
Patriarch for the State at large, of the Sons of Temperance, and
has instituted a goodly number of divisions. In consequence of
advanced age he does not now take that active part in the work
as formerly, but his heart yet goes out in sympathy with every
movement for the success of the temperance cause.

CHARLES CHANDLER.

History has long since established the fact that our best and
greatest men are by no means confined to the ranks of those en-
nobled by birth, or surrounded from childhood with every facility
for education or moral and social culture. The finest natures are,
indisputably, those who override with their latent force and mental
power every obstacle, and aim, by virtue of their indomitable wills,
to attain that honorable precedence among men, that, if conferred
solely by the accident of birth, is far less the merit than the good
fortune of its possessor. Charles Chandler, though descending
from an illustrious family on both his father's and mother's side,
has the pleasure of ascribing whatever good fortune that has been
bestowed upon him, not by inheritance, but from his own personal
exertions, the exercise of his own indomitable will. Coming to
the county at an early day, and with very little means, he seized
upon every favorable chance for the accumulation of wealth.

Charles Chandler was born in Alstead, ST. H., on the twenty-
eighth of August, 1809. His parents were James and Abigail
(Vilas) Chandler, the former being a native of New Hampshire, and
the latter of Massachusetts. Mrs. Chandler died the twenty-ninth
of November, 1854, aged seventy-nine years, and three years after,
viz,on the eighteenth of November, 1857, Mr. Chandler departed this
life, aged eighty-six years. The early life of Charles was spent with
his parents upon the farm and in attendance upon the common
schools of his native State, the only institution of learning that he
was ever permitted to attend. AVhen nineteen years of age he
was permitted by his parents to go to Boston, Massachusetts, that
he might enter a mercantile establishment, where he remained two
years, becoming quite proficient in the sale of goods. At the ex-
piration of this time he returned to the farm, and remained there

338 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

one year, when he conceived the idea of coming West ; accordingly
he came as far as Cincinnati, where he remained two years, and from
thence he came to Macomb, in this county, arriving in the spring
of 1834. Those familiar with the county at that date will remember
the town of Macomb contained about two hundred inhabitants, that
three or four stores did all the business of the place, and that
there were no farms upon the prairie at all, it being regarded as
so much waste land. A brother of Mr. Chandler (Hon. Thomp-
son Chandler) had preceeded him a few months, and was engaged
in the mercantile trade in company with Mr. William Richards,
under the firm name of Richards & Chandler. Mr. Chandler en-
gaged with them as a clerk, continuing that relation for two
years, a part of the time being with the firm of Messrs. Simpson
& Miller. At the expiration of this time he went into business
for himself as a merchant, but only continued one year, when he
sold out and engaged in the real estate business, which he fol-
lowed for some years with great success. In 1845, in company
with Jonathan H. Baker, he again engaged in the mercantile
trade, which relation was continued some two or three years, the
firm doing a large and profitable business, on the old Campbell
corner, Macomb. When he disposed of his interest in this estab-
lishment he remained out of any regular business for a year or
two, when he again embarked in the real estate trade. It will be
remembered that about this time land was very cheap, the best
improved in the county not bringing more than five dollars per
acre. Although Mr. Chandler probably did not then dream of
the county securing a railroad, with all its great advantages, he
yet saw in the rich soil and fair climate of the Military Tract an
inducement to settlement which in time would be seen and real,
ized by all ; therefore he did not fear to invest his means in the
purchase of every quarter that he could obtain. He well knew
that in time the land would bring a high price in the market.
That he was wise in this conclusion is proven by the result.
When the great Northern Cross, now Chicago, Burlington and
Quincy railroad, was built, land advanced at a rapid rate, settlers
came into the country in great numbers, and his fortune was
made. When the T., P & W. railroad was built it found Mr.
Chandler the possessor of the greater part of Sciota township,
and the rise in the value benefited him thousands of dollars. It
cannot be said this gain was the result of luck. Far from it. It
was the result of the far-sightedness of the man. Others had the

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 839

same opportunities and the means to purchase all that Mr. Chand-
ler secured, but they reached forth no hand to secure the prize.
His eyes were open to the main chance and he improved it. In
all his real estate operations Mr. Chandler was eminently success-
ful. Xo man was better adapted to the business. While engaged
in this line of trade he got up a set of records to facilitate trans-
actions in the purchase and sale of lands, which were of great
service.

On the fifteenth day of December, 1836, Mr. Chandler was
united in marriage to Miss Sarah K. Cheatham, daughter of Sam-
uel G. Cheatham, Esq. Seven children were born unto them,
three only of whom are now living, the rest, with the loved mother,
passing on to the other side of the great river. Mrs. Chandler de-
parted this life September, 1866, her loss being deeply felt by the
husband and motherless children and by the entire community
where she had resided, and endeared herself to so many hearts. She
was a most exemplary member of the Church of Christ, in Ma-
comb, showing forth in her life the fruits of the spirit, which are
love, joy, peace, long suffering, gentleness, and brotherly kind-
ness. She died fully trusting in the promises of the Lord, and in
the sweet bye-and-bye she now awaits the coming of other loved
ones.

Of the children living, Martha Abagail Chandler, the eldest, is
now the wife of Henry C. Twyman, Esq., a leading merchant of
Macomb, and resides in that city. Charles Yilasco Chandler, the
second child, was born January 25, 1843. He is now assistant
cashier of the First National Bank, a leading business man of
Macomb, and has held the office of City Treasurer for some years,
and was two years a member of the Board of Supervisors of the
county. He was in the army for the suppression of the rebellion,
and was Adjutant of the 78th Regiment Illinois Volunteers.
James Edgar Chandler was born March 20, 1850; is now assist-
ant cashier of the Farmers' National Bank, of Bushnell, and one
of the leading business men of that city, and has held several
city offices.

When the old Whig party was in existence, Mr. Chandler gave
it allegiance, and on the organization of the Republican party, he
embraced its principles, and to the present time he has strenuously
advocated them. During the war he took an active part in secur-
ing enlistments and sending men into the field, being incapacitated

340 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

on account of age and bodily health from going himself to the
front. For the services rendered, Governor Yates commissioned
him as Colonel of State Militia, with power to raise a regiment for
home service.

Although never aspiring to public office, and the nature of his
business being such as to incapacitate him for active political life,
Mr. Chandler has frequently b,een honored by his party and friends
with office, having served the county as Coroner for two years,
and as County School Commissioner for four years. In the city
of Macomb he was Justice of the Peace for many years, Alderman
two years, and Mayor of city one term. In each position he dis-
charged its duties to the satisfaction of his constituents, bringing
to bear upon every part of the work the same careful management
that characterized him in the transaction of his own private busi-
ness. If, in the management of his own affairs he never took a
leap in the dark, and always knew almost to a certainty the result
of an investment ; if he was a close calculator and studied economy
in his own business, he likewise was governed by these same prin-
ciples in public affairs. No man in McDonough county would be
more implicitly trusted in the management of its business- than
Charles Chandler.

In 1858 Mr. Chandler embarked in the banking business in
Macomb, and has continued in it to the present day. At this
time, it will be remembered, many failures of bankers and other
business men were occurring all over the country, yet notwith-
standing, the people of the county reposed in him unbounded
confidence and trusted him implicitly, depositing with him their
means without fear that their trust would be betrayed. Hard
times continued until the second year of the war. In 1861 the
country was drained of its silver as well as of its gold, and suffi-
cient change for the transaction of business could not be obtained.
At this juncture Mr. Chandler issued several thousand dollars of
"scrip" of the denomination of five, ten, twenty-five, and fifty
cents each, which were readily received by the people everywhere,
and- we doubt not that to-day there is a small quantity of this cur-
rency scattered throughout the country and held as a souvenir of
the war. As a private banker Mr. Chandler continued until 1865,
when a charter was obtained and a company formed for the or-
ganization of a National -Bank. At a meeting of the stockholders
he was unanimously elected its president, which position he yet

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 341

retains. Through careful and judicious management the bank
has become one of the strongest in the State in proportion to the
capital invested. During this same year of the organization of
the First Xatioual Bank of Macomb, Mr. Chandler, in company
with. John B. Cummings, started a banking house in Bushnell
under the firm name of Chandler & Cummings. As a private
bank this institution was continued until 1870, when it was organ-
ized as the Farmers' Xational Bank, Mr. Chandler becoming one
of the largest stockholders and one of its directors. This house
likewise maintains an excellent reputation.

For some years the health of Mr. Chandler has not been good
which has necessitated his spending considerable time in travel.
He has spent several winters in the Southern States, especially in
Florida, and made trips to South America, Central America,
"West India Islands, California, Mexico, and other places, and as
might be expected has seen many of the wonders of the world.
Even when away for health or pleasure, he has had his eyes open
to the main chance and made some fortunate ventures.

A word in regard to the man. If we were writing for the pre-
sent generation alone this would be unnecessary, as he is too well
known by every citizen of the county. But we write for the fu-
ture, for those who live after us, and therefore it becomes necessa-
ry to speak of the inner life of those of whom we write, as well
as of their public acts, describing each as they exist, that those
who read of them may know the men that were instrumental in
the organization and material prosperity of our county. Charles
Chandler is about five feet six inches in height, and weighs about
one hundred and sixty pounds. In personal appearance he is [a
model of neatness, a face smoothly shaven and wearing apparel
always in good taste. In the family circle he was always kind
and indulgent to his children and grand children, treating them
with a tenderness that begot love in their hearts. In public
he pursues the same course, treating all with kind consideration.
If approached for a favor he never rudely repulses if he cannot
grant the request, but simply refuses in a manner that does,
not lower the dignity of the one asking it. To one that he
considers worthy, he will assist with pleasure; therefore it is not
to be wondered that he has many strong friends and few enemies.

342 HISTORY OF M'DONOU(5H COUNTY.

JOHN M. CRABB.

The "Crabb settlement," five miles northeast of Macomb, is well
known to every citizen of the county, and the members of the
family comprising it, from whom it was named, are each pleasant
and agreeable men, good citizens, enjoying the unqualified respect
of all. John M. Crabb, the father of those bearing that name in
the settlement, was born in Westmoreland county, Virginia,
September 1, 1792 ; was the son of Daniel and Frances (Middleton)
Crabb, who were both natives of England, but who came to this
country prior to the revolutionary war. Mrs. Crabb was a sister
of Arthur Middleton, one of the signers 0f the immortal declara-
tion of independence, an instrument which brought freedom to
three millions of people then living, and which has been kept in-
tact until we now number over forty millions of beings, free in
every sense of the word. To sign that instrument required not
only patriotism, but courage of a high order, and this patriotism
and this conrage we believe has been transmitted to all the lineal

descendants of the family.

John M., of whom we now write, was left an orphan at a very
early age, his mother dying when he was but two years old, and
his father some four years after. Thus, at the age of six, he was
bereft of kind parents, the kind love of whom he never experienced.

On the death of his father, he was taken by an uncle, Samuel
Crabb, with whom he remained until the breaking out of the war
of 1812. This uncle endeavored to do his whole duty by his lone-
ly nephew, and doubtless succeeded as well as any but a parent
could succeed. His memory was always held in grateful remem-
brance by John.

In that early day the school facilities of the country were very
limited, and unless possessed of great wealth, few could obtain an
education such as is now required of the youth of our land. Mr.
Crabb, therefore, was only instructed in those branches taught in
the common schools of his native State, but the will, power and
determination to do of the man availed him much instead.

When war with Great Britain was proclaimed in 1812, Mr.
Crabb, then in his twentieth year, was among the first to enlist.
He served his country faithfully as a private soldier for two years,
proving that he came from good old revolutionary stock. For that
service he received eight dollars per month and a land warrant at
the close of the war.

HISTORY OF M'DOXOCGH COUNTY. 343

He was married to Miss Ann Fleming by whom he had ten
children, five sons, and five daughters, eight^of whom remain up-
on this side of the river of death, two, one son and one daughter,
having passed on to the beautiful land beyond the grave. The
mother, too, in April, 1851, joined the immortal throng above,
dying in the full assurance of faith, having been a consistent mem-
ber of the Methodist Episcopal Church, from the time she was fif-
teen years of age until the day of her death, a period of 39 year?.
"Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord, yea, and from hence-
forth they shall rest from their labors and their works do follow
them." The memory of this excellent woman is revered by all
who knew her, especially do her children recall the kind and
loving ways of that mother, who, in matters of discipline, was so
different from the father, and who always conquered their stub-
born wills by the power of love, gently persuading where they
could not be driven. O, the power of a mother's love, nothing
can equal it, save the Savior's dying love as shown upon the cross.

In 1828 Mr. Crabb with his family, then consisting of a wife
and six children, moved from Virginia to Montgomery county,
Ohio, thinking to better his fortunes in a newer country. Here
they only remained one year, when a change was made to Clin-
ton county in the same State, where they continued to reside until
the fall of 1836, when another change was made, this time to the
regions of McDouough county, where they arrived on the four-
teenth of Xovember, 1837. For a few weeks they lived in the
village of Macomb, when, leasing the east half of section 16,
Macomb towhship, the family moved on this as soon as a house
could be provided. The following spring, buying eighty acres of
the same section, Mr. Crabb, with his *boys, began tc till the soil,
which for forty-owe years has continued to yield bountiful har-
vests. Xo other business did he ever follow than that of tiller of
the soil, an occupation suited to his nature. Although he did not
amass wealth, as did many, he added to his possessions from time
until he had acquired sufficient means to render him comfortable
while life should last. Up to his fifty-fourth year he continued
to labor hard, after which time he surrendered the laborious part
of the work to his sons, who had grown up around him and who
physically were able to endure the burdens and hardships of a
farmer's life. AVhen he first settled on his place Abner "\Valker
was the only neighbor he had, he living then, about one mile east.
The fever and ague was very common in the country at that

344 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

time and the family all enjoyed a touch of it. We have remarked
that Abner Walker was the only neighbor. A\ r e might qualify it
by saying human neighbor, for all around him were prairie
wolves in great numbers, so bold they would come to his very
doors and from the yard kill the fowls which he had provided.
The annual prairie tires were then very destructive and great care
had to be exercised to prevent their crops and even buildings from
being destroyed. Mr. Crabb, long before the grass would begin
to dry, would have his entire fields plowed around to prevent the
spread of the fire when it should come. In this way he saved
himself from loss by prairie fires.

John M. Crabb was a man about five feet eleven inches in height,
weighing one hundred and sixty five pounds, cleanly shaven face,
save for a short time before his death, when he suffered his beard
to grow around his throat. He w r as possessed of great firmness of
character, and with his children his word was law ; when he com-
manded, obey they must. He was very fond of amusements,
especially out door kind, yet never carried his love of the ridicu-
lous to excess. He believed there was a time and place for every-
thing, and nothing approaching levity should be permitted where
sobriety should be the rule. He always attended to his own busi-
ness in his own way, neither asking or caring whether he suited
others or not, though never doing that which would seem to be
done intentionally to wound the feelings of another. For many
years he was a consistent member of the M. E. Church, of which
body his wife was likewise connected, having united while a citi-
zen of Montgomery county, Ohio. The last congregation with
which he was connected was the one in Bardolph, this county.
Mr. Crabb departed this life on the tenth day of November, 1865,
being at the time seventy-three years, two months, and nine days
old. He died at the old homestead, surrounded by his children,
all of whom had reached man and woman's estate ; all of whom
were married, save one. Calling them around him, and speaking
of his grand children he said, " Bring them up right." These
were the last words he ever uttered, showing his great concern for
the temporal welfare of each. He then passed peacefully away,
joining his loved companion, who fourteen years previously had
been taken from him, and, together with the glorified throng, sing
the song of redemption on the evergreen shore. Rev. John Mc-
Ginnis, a former pastor, who was intimately acquainted with him,

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 345

preached the funeral sermon, and he was laid quietly away in the
home burial ground beside the bodies of other loved ones.

DANIEL M. CRABB.

Daniel M. Crabb, the eldest son of John M. and Ann Crabb,
was born in Frederick county, Virginia, on the fourteenth day of
November, 1823, and when five years old removed with his pa-
rents to Ohio, from which place they came to McDonough county,
where they arrived on the thirteenth birth day of the subject of
our present sketch. From that time to the present he has been a
citizen of this county, living in the well known Crabb Settlement,
in Macomb township. His entire life has been that of a farmer,
having never engaged in any other occupation.

Previous to his arrival in Macomb he attended the common
schools of Ohio, and after his arrival in this county, went for a
short time to the old "Prairie school," near the present residence
of Pat. Laughliu, Esq., three miles north of Macomb, and about
the same distance from his fathers residence.

On the sixth day of March, 1850, Mr. Crabb, was married to
Miss Rebecca K. Hampton, with whom he lived ten years, she dy-
ing in 1860. Mr. Crabb was again married on the sixth day of
March, 180^, to Miss Mary E. Bards, with whom he yet happily
lives. Three children blessed the former union, and one the pre-
sent, all of whom are yet living.

About the year 1841, Mr. Crabb made a profession of religion
and united with the M. E. Church. In 1871, he changed his
church relations by uniting with the Evangelical Lutheran church,
at present located in the city Macomb, his wife also uniting with
that congregation, though she had for several years been a de-
voted member of that zealous body of Christian people. Mr. C.
now occupies the position of Trustee in that church.

Daniel M. Crabb is a little below medium height, but well and
strongly built, black hair and beard, dark complexion, strong will
and quick temper, which he has well under control. In the family
circle, he is very pleasant and agreeable and neighborly with all.
]S"o man in his neighborhood is esteemed more highly, and is ex-
pected to lead in all matters pertaining to the welfare of his neigh-
borhood and township.

j. B. CUMMIXGS.

Among the representative men of McDonongh county, the sub-
ject of our present sketch stands prominently. His parents were

346 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

James and Rachel (Hall) Cummings, natives, we believe, of the
State of Maryland, where in Cecil county, of that State, was born
John B. Cummings, on the seventeenth day of January, 1824.
His early life was spent upon a farm, and in the private or select
schools of his native State and Ohio, to which latter place the
family removed on the death of his father, which occured in the
early part of the year 1837. The family settled . in Harrison
county, of this latter State, where they remained three years, go-
ing from thence to Butler county, Pennsylvania,. After settling
up affairs, on the death of his father, but little was left, and the
support of the family fell upon John and an older sister, the latter
engaging as a teacher, while John secured a place as clerk in a dry
goods and grocery store, which occupation he followed for some
years, or until enabled to go into business for himself.

Mr. Cummings has been twice married; first to Miss Evaline
E. Pearson, in Butler county, Pennsylvania, in the year 1847;
second to Mrs. Mary E. 'Parkinson, of Macomb, the latter event
taking place in 1864. By his first wife he had six children and
one by his last. The first Mrs. Cummings died in Macomb in
1862 beloved by all who knew her.

In 1851 Mr. Cummings came to the "Great West," as then
called, and took up his residence at Macomb, in this county,
where he resided until his removal to the city of Bushnell in
1865. Shortly after coming to Macomb, in company with Mr.
John B. Pearson, he purchased the stock and good will of Messrs.
Randolph & Parkinson in the dry goods and grocery trade, con-
tinuing the same, with some changes, until 1857, when he retired
from the firm that he might accept the position of clerk in the
newly established banking house of Charles Chandler & Co.,
which position he retained until his election lo the office of Clerk
of the Circuit Court of McDonough county in 1860. At this elec-
tion he ran for the office against William T. Head, one of the
most popular men in the county, receiving a small majority, not-
withstanding the county had never previously given a majority
in favor of the party to which Mr. C. belonged. Mr. Head not
content with the result, contested the election, but the court,
before whom the case was tried, decided in Mr. Cummings' favor.
At the expiration of his term of office he removed to Bushnell,
and in company w T ith Charles Chandler, started a private banking
house under the firm name of Chandler & Cummings. Mr. Chand-

ler residing in Macomb and being engaged in a similar enterprise,

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 347

the business of the Bushnell firm was conducted by Mr. Cnm-
mings alone. In 1871 a charter was obtained for a National Bank,
the firm invested their means in the same, and, together with other
parties, organized the Farmers' National Bank, with Mr. Cum-
mings as cashier and general manager, w r hich position he jet re-
tains.

On his removal to Bushnell. with his accustomed zeal, Mr. Cum-
mings at once entered upon the work of promoting the interests
of that go-ahead young town no public enterprise but what se-
cured his hearty and active co-operation. On the organization of
the town as a city, in 1869, he was elected its first Mayor, and
three times has since been' re-elected, serving his constituents in a
manner to secure the approval of the great majority.

In 1873 he united with the Reformed Church in Bushnell, and
shortly after was elected to the Superintendency of its Sunday
School, which position he yet retains. In this field of Christian
labor, he takes considerable interest, and has the reputation of
being a very capable and efficient superintendent.

John B. Cummings is a man about five feet seven inches high,
slender proportions, black hair, tinged with gray, rather thin
beard of the same color, a good mathematical head, and is a good
judge of human nature. As a financier he has no superior in the
county the affairs of the bank with which he is connected, and
of which he has had the management for thirteen years, has been
carefully and judiciously managed, both for the best interests of
its stockholders and depositors. No complaint, to our knowledge,
has ever been made against him by stockholder or patron. In
business hours he is always found at his place of business, giving
attention to its minutest details, and with a desire to render satis-
faction to all who may favor the bank with its patronage. While
Clerk of the Circuit Court of this county he gave the same gene-
ral care to the details of that office. Having business to transact
with hundreds throughout the county, he treated all in a way to
secure their friendship and good will. Although beaten for the
same office in 1864, it was not on account of the loss of any per-
sonal popularity, but from causes resulting from the war. In the
discharge of his duties as Mayor of the city of Bushnell he has en-
deavored to be impartial in all things, working for the best inter-
ests of the place. In the expenditure of money, while he would
manage all things economically, he would not be niggardly in any

348 HISTORY OF M'DONJUGH COUNTY.

matter. In the cause of education he has been a consistent advo-
cate of our public school system, and believes in making the same
general improvement in this department as in all others. In the
erection of the school building, which is now the pride of Bush-
nell, he took an especial interest, and to him more than any other
man is due the building of the same. In private life Mr. Cum-
mings is a kind friend and neighbor, enjoying the respect of all ;
as a husband and father, he is kind and gentle, inspiring the love
and confidence of his entire family.

B. A. DUNCAN, M. D.

Dr. B. A. Duncan, son of Jonathan and Leatha Duncan, is of
Scotch, Irish and English descent, and was born April 6, 1825, in
Frankfort, Washington county, Pennsylvania. But little is known
of his family, or of his early history, except that his father gave
him such an education as would fit him for the medical profession
which he had chosen for Ms life work. His preparatory medical
studies were conducted under the tutorship of Dr. Alexander
McCandless, of Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, graduating from the
Medical College, in the same city, in the year 1845. In 1849, he
came to Illinois and settled in McDonough county, on the site of
the present village of Industry. At that time this flourishing
village was comparatively a wilderness, wild game of all kinds
were abundant, and the dwellings few and far between. But here
was a good and favorable opportunity for one with will and deter-
mination to secure a competency for himself and make a name
honored among men. As the country grew in population and in
wealth, the practice of Dr. Duncan kept pace with it, and became
very extensive, his success in all branches of his profession being
good. Few physicians had a larger practice and none were more
highly respected and trusted by the people. He was for many
years a member of the McDonough county Medical Association
and in its meetings took great interest. For thirty-two years of
his life, his whole time was spent in study and in the practice of
his profession, with the exception of a few months in the service
of his country as a member of the 138th regiment Illinois Volun-
teer Infantry. In this regiment he enlisted as a private in Co. A,
Captain McClenahan, of Monmouth, and was assigned to duty as
Hospital Steward.

Dr. Duncan has been twice married. First, with Miss Julia
Standard, on the tenth day of May, 1845, by whom he had three

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. o49

children, viz., Jonathan, Fleetwoocl and Thomas, the first named
suffering a violent death, on the 29th of September, 1867, at the
age of fourteen. Mrs. Duncan died of consumption on the first
day of November, 1863. The doctor's second marriage was on
the eighth day of November, 1864, with Miss Martha Merrick, who
still survives him. By this last marriage there were six children
born unto them, all of whom are yet living.

In 1856 the doctor made a profession of religion, and united
with the Presbyterian Church, but for some reason did not long
remain in connection with that body. Although his relations with
the local congregation was severed, he never denied his Master, but
continued to manifest an interest in the work of the Lord's vine-
yard, and when professional duties would admit, was always pres-
ent in the Lord's house, arid was a co-laborer and worker in the
cause of Christ. In his last illness he conversed freely with all on
the subject of religion, his hope of receiving fhe crown of life
brightening as he neared the end, and often did he express a de-
sire to depart and be at rest. His disease was rather obscure and
very complicated, while his sufferings were intense, but he endured
it all with remarkable patience for eight months, closing this life
on the thirty-first of March, 1877. The funeral services were con-
ducted by the Rev. J. S. Budd, pastor of the M. E. Church, as-
sisted by the Rev. J. L. Towner, of the Christian Church, and
took place at his late residence. Although the weather was very
inclement, a large congregation assembled to pay the last tribute
of respect to a kind husband, a loving and indulgent parent, and
esteemed citizen and friend.

By his request, Mrs. Duncan was appointed Administratrix, a
position which by education and natural business tact, she is well
qualified to fill. Under her care, the property left for her benefit,
and of the fatherless children, will not be squandered.

Few men in any community ever had the opportunity of being
better known than Dr. B. A. Duncan. Coming to the country when
it was new, and growing with it, and for many years being the
only physician in the neighborhood, there was probably not
a family in Industry township but what at some time he visited
as a professional man. It is therefore not wonderful that his
death was mourned by many sympathizing friends, who knew and
loved the man for his many good qualities of head and heart.
But the loss of the family and friends in his gain. "Blessed are

350 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

the dead who die in the Lord; yea and from henceforth they shall
rest trom their labors and their works do follow them."

CAPTAIN S. A. EPPERSON.

The parents of the subject of our present sketch were James
H. and Martha (Osborne) Epperson. They were hard-working,
industrious, and honest people, respected by all who were ac-
quainted with them. S. A., their second son, of whom we now
write, was born in Greencastle, Ind., on the tenth day of October,
1837. When but three years of age his parents removed to Mar-
shall, Clark county, 111., where they remained but one year, when
they continued their journey farther West, stopping in Iowa City,
in the then territory of Iowa. Here they remained until the
death of the mother, which occurred iii 1845. The elder Epper-
son then took his eldest son, John L., and went to the lead mines
of Wisconsin, leaving S. A. in the care of a couple named Hill,
where he remained about three years, experiencing many hard-
ships, the memory of which will never be obliterated while life
shall last.

Nearly all the educational advantages enjoyed by S. A. were in
attendance upon the common schools of Iowa City, which at that
time were not the best, the town containing about one dozen fam-
ilies when they moved there. Among the number then living in
the place were some that have since obtained some eminence in
the councils, of State and Nation; Professor Harlan, afterward
United States Senator and Secretary of the Interior, being one of
the number.

In 1849 the elder Epperson moved to the State of Kentucky,
taking with him his two children, remaining there some two
years, when he returned to Illinois, settling on the southwest
quarter of section nine, in the township of 2sVvv Salem, which was
his home until his removal to Bushiiell, which occurred
in 1868. S. A. accompanied his father both to Kentucky and on
his return to Illinois, remaining with him and engaging in the la-
bors of the farm until the year 1858, when the excitement ran
high about the discovery of gold in Pike's Peak. To this new
Eldorado he determined to go, and in the fall of that year went as
far as Henry county, Missouri, where he remained during the winter
following with an uncle living there. In the spring of 1859 he
drove a herd of cattle to Independence, Missouri, and there he
hired to take a drove on to Nebraska City, the starting point of

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 351

the overland journey. Discouraging news from the Peak caused
him to abandon the trip, and he joined a train sent out by Majors
Russell and Waddle, treighting government supplies for the sol-
diers at Camp Floyd, and drove across the plains, and was gone
some six months. The firm with which he engaged* stipulated in
the contract with their men that they were not to drink any in-
toxicating liquors, play cards, or use blasphemous language. This
was the first temperance pledge Mr. Epperson ever took, and we
are pleased to record the fact that he has observed it ever since.
He has stated to us that in the train with which he was connected
were men of all grades in society, but yet each lived faithfully to
his pledge, knowing their wages depended upon its observance.
Xo trouble of any kind was experienced on the journey, while
neighboring trains which allowed the vices prohibited in this to
be indulged in, rows were of frequent occurrence. This shows
the good effect of wholesome moral law.

Success in the mines not equalling anticipation, Mr. Epperson,
at the expiration of the time previously mentioned, returned to
the States, and for the year following resided in southwest Mis-
souri, passing the time in attending school and laboring on a farm.
In the summer of 1830, he returned home and labored somewhat in
the campaign resulting in the election of Abraham Lincoln to the
presidency. In the fall and winter of 1860-61, he read law and
taught school, and in the spring following again engaged in farm-
ing, continuing in that pursuit until his enlistment in the war of
the rebellion, which occured in August following. On the first
day of tbat month he enlisted as a private in Company L. 7th Il-
linois Cavalry, and was mustered into the service as Second Lieu-
tenant on the third day of September, and on the 12th of Decem-
ber, with the regiment, Co. L left Camp Butler, near Springfield, for
the front. The regiment went immediately into active ser-
vice, and none performed duty more faithfully that it. While
stationed at Jacinto, Miss., Lieutenant Epperson was promoted
Captain of the company, over its First Lieutenant, which position
he retained until mustered out at expiration of term of service,
November 12, 1864. InGrierson's raid, from LaGrange, Tenn.,to
Baton Kouge, La., Co. L, under command of Captain Epperson, rode
eight hundred miles in sixteen days. "While stationed at Colliers-
ville, Tenn., the place was surrounded by the enemy one Sunday
morning, and Captain Epperson, with some thirty others, was taken
prisoner, the men being dismounted at the time, and completely sur-

352 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

rounded were captured and taken to Grenada ; here he was held
as a hostage for a rebel officer under sentence of death by our
force, which certainly did not add to the pleasure of his captivity.
But he made up his mind, if possible, he would effect his escape,
and the opportunity offering, he bid good bye to his captors with-
out reluctance, and broke for the Union lines. He was ten days
in the swamps making his way to where the Union troops were
stationed, suffering much in the journey. It was just thirty days
from the date of his capture until he returned. For meritorious
conduct he was breveted Major.

Receiving a furlough, Captain Epperson returned home, and on
the third day of May, 1864, was united by marriage with Miss
Lodemice Downey.

On receiving his discharge, Captain Epperson returned home
and again engaged in farming, but on account of disability re-
ceived while in the service of his country, was compelled to aban-
don it.

Politically Captain Epperson is a staunch Republican, the prin-
ciples of that party being dear to him, but he is independent in
expressing his opinion in regard to the policy that should govern
the party in its actions. Twice has he been elected member of
the Board of Supervisors ot the county, serving his constituents
in a faithful and upright manner. In 1867 he received the nomi-
nation for County Treasurer, against Sydnor H. Hogan, a very
popular Democrat, and although defeated, he ran largely ahead
of his ticket. In the last Congressional Convention he was sup-
ported by the delegates from this county, as their, candidate for
nomination, but local and other influences caused his defeat.

In the spring of 1868, Captain Epperson moved to the city of
Bushnell, where he yet resides. For two years he read law in the
office of M. A. Luce, and was admitted to the bar in the spring of
1869, shortly afterwards becoming a partner of M. A. Luce, which
arrangement was continued two years. In 1869 he received the ap-
pointment of Postmaster, which office he yet holds. In 1873 he
abandoned the law, purchasing an interest in the Bushnell Re-
cord, and in about one year, had the entire control of the paper.
This publication he yet continues. Captain Epperson is of medi-
um height, light complexion, is sociable, and one whose enemies, if
any, are all on account of political differences.

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 353

JOHN L. EPPERSON.

John Lowry Epperson, son of James H. and Martha Jane (Os-
borne) Epperson, was born in Lafayette, Indiana, November 6,
1834. His parents were both Keutuckians by birth, emigrating
from that State to Indiana at an early day. When John was but
a mere lad they again moved, going to the territory of Iowa,
making their home in Iowa City. Here the mother died, leaving
two children to the care of the bereaved husband and father.
Mr. Epperson, taking his son John with him, proceeded to the
famous lead mines, in Wisconsin, where he remained three years,
from whence he removed to Table Grove, Fulton county, where
he only remained a few months, returning to his native State of
Kentucky, where he remained three years, and then coming to
this State, settling in the present township of Xew Salem. Mr.
Epperson has ever since been a citizen of this county, and Fulton
county, one duly respected by those who are acquainted with him.

All the educational advantages enjoyed by the subject of our
present sketch was in the common schools of the then territories
of Iowa and Wisconsin. Farming has usually been his means of
employment, though he has engaged to some extent in other busi-
ness. For seven years he spent his time in teaching in the pub-
lic schools, six years of the time in one school house, which cer-
tainly speaks well for his talent in that direction. At present he
is the railroad station agent at Adair, having occupied the posi-
tion since the completion of the Rockford, Rock Island and St.
Louis Railroad in 1870.-'

In politics Mr. Epperson has always been a Democrat of the
old Jeflersonian school, but at present affiliates with the lode-
pendent party, the views of which upon the financial question
coincide with his own. For four years he was Justice of the
Peace and Supervisor in Farmers' township, Fulton county, and
for the same length of time held the latter office in Xew Salem
township, McDonough county. In the latter township he ran
and was elected on the Democratic ticket, notwithstanding it is
one of the strongest Republican precincts in the county. In Ful-
ton county, the first time he ran, he had opposition, but the three
years following had none, all of which certainly speaks well for
the personal popularity of the man. As a member of the Board
of Supervisors he made one of its most efficient members. In
1876 he was nominated by the Independents for the Legislature

354 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

without his knowledge or consent, and having no idea whatever
of receiving the intended honor. He made no canvass, having no
hope of being elected and caring little, but, much to the surprise
of himself and friends, ran far ahead of his ticket, proving con-
clusively that he could have been elected had the effort been made.
Although he has repeatedly been honored by his political asso-
ciates and friends, he has never sought office, and not often was
present in a convention where he received the nomination. The
office has invariably sought the man and not the man the office.

During the dark days of the rebellion he was arrayed upon the
side of the Union, and, showing his faith by his works, we find
him in the summer of 1862 marching to the front, as a member of
Co. L, 7th Illinois Cavalry. Our readers well know the record
made by this gallant regiment, and none bore themselves with
more gallantry than this same Company L, and no man of the
company endured more hardships or fought more bravely for his
country than John Lowry Epperson.

On the eleventh day of December, 1856, he led to the marriage
altar Miss Sarah C. Rine, with whom he yet lives a happy and
contented life. Six children have they been blessed with, three
only of whom remain to add joy and gladness to their parents'
heart, three having been called "over the river" to dwell in the
better land.

Mr. Epperson, among his friends and acquaintances, enjoys the
reputation of being a kind, sociable and pleasant neighbor.
Although at present not connected with any religious body, he
leads a strictly moral life, lending his aid and encouragement to
all good werd and works. It is said of him that he never swore
an oath, never drank intoxicating liquors, nor yet ever belonged
to a temperance society. He is a man that thinks much of home,
and enjoys the comforts and pleasures of a home life. Taking all
in all, he is a man well qualified by nature and education to be a
representative man in McDonough county, and worthy of a place
in its history.

THOMAS FULKERSOX.

The county of McDonough has given birth to many noble men
and women, but none more highly honored than the subject of our
present sketch, Thomas Fulkerson, who was born in Hillsgrove,
about three miles from the present town of Tennessee, on the
twenty-second day of February, 1834. His parents were James

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY 355

and Elizabeth II. (Waddell) Fulkerson, natives of the state of
Tennessee, where they were married, and from whence they re-
moved to McDonough county in 1832, settling upon Sec. 29, 5 X.,
4 "VT., now Tennessee township. At the birth of Thomas they
were in moderate circumstances, having considerable land, though
with but little money.

The early life of Thomas was spent on a farm, working in the
summer and attending school in the winter. For a number of
years he enjoyed the instructions of Isaac Holton, who taught a
High School at the Grove, and whose memory is held in grateful
remembrance by citizens in all the country roundabout. He then
attended the McDonough College, at Macomb, an institution
whose history is given elsewhere in this work, and where he re-
mained two years, acquiring therein a pretty thorough education
in the sciences. He has always been a great reader and has there-
fore kept abreast with the times in general knowledge. This fact
has had much to do with his manner of life. The faculty of be-
nevolence is well developed in him, and he can seldom say "no"
to a friend (enemies he has none) \vhen a favor is asked of him ;
therefore, when a neighbor has a work to perform requiring close
calculation, he calls upon Thomas Fulkerson ; if a man dies, leav-
ing an estate to be settled, Thomas Fulkerson can attend to that;
if a piece of work is required to be done in the neighborhood,
necessitating a considerable outlay of time, with very little remu-
neration, Thomas Fulkerson can do it; and thus it goes. Duties
devolve upon him that no one else can or will attend to.

Like his father before him, he is a farmer, but probably more
from circumstances than choice. As his father grew old, the
labors and responsibilities of the farm began to devolve upon
Thomas, and when the senior Fulkerson died, he left to him the
old homestead, on which he still continues to reside, his aged
mother and sister residing with him.

Xo other place during the forty-three years of his life was he
ever called home, and doubtless upon the old place he will re-
main until called to occupy a mansion in that other world, which
is prepared for the true and faithful in this.

"When but an infant, the waters of baptism was placed upon
his brow by Rev. Peter Cartwright, of blessed memory.

This old disciple was in attendance at a camp meeting in a
grove in the vicinity of his parent's residence, when they present-
ed him for baptism. When but sixteen years of age he was . j-

356 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

ceived into full fellowship in the Methodist Episcopal Church,
with which body he yet retains his membership. He has always
been active in the Lord's cause, making a diligent use ot the tal-
ents committed to him. In 1859 he was elected Recording Stew-
ard, of the Colchester circuit, w^hich office he has ever since held,
and during the entire time has never missed but one quarterly
meeting. Few officers, we opine, can show as good a record. In
the Sabbath School work he has always labored with zeal, begot-
ten of knowledge. From a youth up he has been a constant at-
tendant upon the Sabbath School, and whether as a scholar, a
teacher or superintendent, he has ever attended faithfully to his
duties. At present he is the efficient teacher of the Bible class in
the Hillsgrove Sunday School.

Like hundreds of others raised in this county, Mr. Fulkerson
passed through many trials. In the early day the first duty de-
volving upon the young boy was to go to mill. He was first taught
the way, and when even too young, or with insufficient strength to
hold the sack of grain upon the horse, it was tied on, and he then
placed upon the horse's back, was sent on his wa} r . This duty
was given the youngest, for the reason they were often compelled
to wait many hours to have their grain ground, the capacity of the
mills being so small the millers would make a rule "first come,
first served." The time of the older ones upon a farm was thus
saved, and their labor obtained. The destructive prairie fires in
the spring were such as to create apprehension in the minds of all,
and among the earliest recollections of him of whom we write was
of fighting fire to prevent its approach to their cabin and grain.

The moral training received by Thomas Fulkerson was excel-
lent in the extreme. His father being a consistent and zealous
member of the Methodist Episcopal Church, and having a deep
reverence for the word of God, inculcated in the young mind of
his son the fact that "the fear of the Lord is the beginning of
wisdom," and also that excellent motto "honesty is the best pol-
icy." The instruction received in youth, and its application to his
daily life, he has ever since retained. Now, while in the prime of
life, we find him honored by all who know him, his word at all
times being considered as good as his bond, and it being the uni-
versal verdict of his neighbors that no more honest man exists
than Thomas Fulkerson. Everybody respects the man for his
sterling worth. For some years he has administered more estates
than any man in the western portion of the county, if not in its

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 357

whole length and breadth. In his hands it is well known that
every penny will be accounted for and no one will ever be wronged
out of a cent,

As a politician Mr. Fulkerson makes no pretensions, but, like
'the true man that he is, has his views and is not afraid to main-
tain them. His political view r s coincide with those of the Repub-
licans, and the principles of that party have ever been dear to
him. During the w^ar, while he did not enter the field, he exer-
cised a wholesome influence at home, and no more loyal man
could be found than he.

When the "Grange" movement was organized he w r ent into the
movement, and in the Grange with which he is connected is an
active worker and has been its secretary during the entire period
of its existence. He is also the purchasing agent of that body,
and during the past year has transacted a business amounting to
a total sum of 30,000. Few mercantile houses in the county
transact a larger volume of trade. Having the confidence of the
entire community the people are not afraid to trust him with their
orders.

JOHN D, HAINLIXE.

Few T men are better known in Emmet township than the sub-
ject of our sketch John Dunford. Hainline, who for a period of
thirty-eight years has made his home on section six. His parents
were George and Flora (Cockerel) Hainline, the former a Ken-
tuckian by birth, being born in Fayette county of that State,
while the latter was a Tennessean, but raised in the same county
in Kentucky as her husband. John D., their son, was born in
Montgomery county, Kentucky, on the seventh day of Septem-
ber, 1817. His mother for years made all the clothing used by
the entire family, while his father endeavored in his way to pro-
vide for their wants in tilling the soil. The implements that he
used for this purpose would make the young farmer of this coun-
try stare in wonder and amazement. Just think of using a plow
made entirely of wood, drawn by a horse wearing a collar made
of bark, stuffed with husks of corn ! But such w r as the way the
work was performed, and yet all managed to live. John was a
great lover of amusements, and would go to as great length to
gratify his desires in this line as any in the land. Coon and pos-
sum hunting were among the chief means of diversion, occasion-
ally varied by visiting the pretty girls of the neighborhood. The
H 23

358

only educational advantages he received were in attending a school
two months each winter for about seven years, in an old log school
house, where, on an old slab seat, he was compelled to sit from
morning until night. For a window a log was removed, and
greased paper was placed over the hole made by its removal. The
branches taught in this school were "reading, 'riting and 'rithma-
tic." Not a grammar or geography was ever seen it in. Not-
withstanding the love of fun which predominated in young
Hainline, he was in youth quite steady, the result of the training
received from his parents, w r ho were quite strict in their govern-
ment.

In 1836, when but twenty years of age he led to the hymenial
altar Miss Margaret Ann Douthit, and two years thereafter em-
igrated to McDouough county, settling in Emmet township. By
her he had eleven children, eight of whom yet live, one son George
L. being killed at Bentonville, N. C., during the late war. This son
was a member of the 16th regiment and was among the first to
enlist in the defense of his country. James Lewis Hainline, a
nephew, but who was raised by Mr. H. enlisted at the same time,
was wounded at Bentonville, and died in Missouri some time in
1866. Mrs. Hainline died Nov. 3, 1869. About one year after,
Mr. Hainline was again married, this time to Miss Amanda J.
Purdy, with whom he yet lives.

One hundred acres of the farm of Mr. Hainline, was purchased
by him on his arrival in the county for the sum of $700. The
land was improved, and the price paid was considered |very
high at that time. Other land adjoining w T as afterwards pur-
chased for ten dollars per acre. The farm is now one of the most
valuable in Emmet township. In his day Mr. Hainline has been
a very stout and robust man, and has never, during his entire life,
been confined to his bed by sickness but two weeks. The cares of
the world never seem to trouble him in the least; he never worries
or complains. Having, by his own industry, laid up for himself a
sufficient amount of worldly goods to enable him to live comfort-
ably, he passes along through life in a contented manner. On his
land are found veins of excellent coal, which have but recently
been discovered, and from which, during the past year (1876),
about 15,000 bushels of coal were taken. This being the only coal
mine in that section of country, will eventually make the land
very valuable.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 359

In politics Mr. Hainline was originally an old line ^Vhig, but
when the old party disbanded he affiliated for a time with the
American party. In 1858, when Lincoln made his celebrated cam-
paign with Douglas for the Senate, a campaign of national import-
ance, he voted the Eepublican ticket, and ever since has been an
earnest supporter of its men and measures. On the accession of
Lincoln to the Presidency in 1861, when war was proclaimed, his
whole influence was exerted in the cause of freedom and union,
and two of his sons (all that were old enough) he sent forth to bat-
tle for their country, one of whom, as previously stated, laid down
his life in its defense, the other returning at the close of the war
to receive honors from his fellow-citizens. He is one of the edi-
tors of the well known Macomb Journal.

Mr. Hainline has never made a profession of religion, but has
endeavored to live a strictly moral life, although we believe no
man would resent an insult quicker than he. In his neighbor-
hood, and among those with whom he is acquainted, he is highly
respected.

W. II . HAIXLIXE.

AVm. II. Hainline was born in Emmet township, McDonough
county, July 29, 1841, and has been a continuous resident of the
county from that date, and therefore may be classed as an old
settler. His parents were John D. and Margaret A. Hainline, who
immigrated from the State of Kentucky at an early day ,the father
yet residing upon the old homestead in Emmet township. The
subject of this sketch spent his childhood and youth upon the
farm, his life being varied by work in the summer and attendance
upon the district school in the winter. With the exception of
three months his entire schooling was received in one district.
Until eighteen years of age he continued to w r ork for his father.
At that time the country was excited by the discovery of gold in
Pike's Peak, when he persuaded his father to let him seek his for-
tune in that new Eldorado. Going to the Peak, he labored about
three weeks in the mines, when not being satisfied with the pros-
pects, he returned home, thoroughly cured of the "gold fever,"
and willing enough to take his place behind the plow, and turn
gold out of the black soil of Illinois. In farm work he continued
until the boom of the cannon was heard reverberating from Fort
Sumpter, when, hastening to Macomb, on the nineteenth day of
April, 1861, he enlisted in Capt. Kalstoirs company of "Union

360 HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY.

Guards," under the first call of the President for 75,000 men, but on
account of the lack ot transportation the company could not leave
Macomb in time, and therefore failed to be numbered with the
first quota. A call of the State had in the meantime been made
for ten regiments, and this company was sworn in for thirty days,
and afterward, on the twenty-fourth day of May, 1861, mustered
into the United States service for three years, or during the war,
becoming Co. A, 16th Regiment Illinois Volunteers. "During
the war" was taken literally by Mr. Hainline, and five months be-
fore the expiration of his three years' service, he re-enlisted as a
veteran, and continued with his regiment until the proclamation
of peace was issued and the regiment mustered out on the
eighth day of July, 1865. In every campaign in which the regi-
ment participated he bore his part, and in the battle of Peach
Tree Creek, in front of Atlanta, on the twentieth of July, 1864, he
was taken prisoner by the rebels, and five days thereafter was
placed in the dread prison pen of Andersonville. For two months
he was confined at that place, where the prisoners were dying at
the rate of one hundred each day, dying of starvation and expos-
ure, the rebels refusing to take any measures to better their con-
dition. The horrors of that prison will ever be impressed upon
his mind, and it is therefore little to be wondered that he scarcely
forgives the authors of that misery.

On returning home, Mr. Hainline, the following fall, received
from his party the nomination for the office of County Treasurer,
and, notwithstanding the objection raised against him on account
of his youth, and that he ran against the most popular man in the
ranks of the opposition, he was triumphantly elected. The
amount of his bond was 650,000, owing to the heavy bounty
tax. but had been $2,000,000 it would have been given. In the
discharge of his duties he gave perfect satisfaction to men of all
parties, and in the two years of his service he handled more
money than any Treasurer in the county has ever done in the same
length of time.

Shortly after the expiration of his term of office he purchased
an interest in the drug store of P. H. Delaney, continuing in that
business until the fall of 1869.

On the twelfth day of June, 1866, he was united in marriage
with Miss Victoria Shleich, of Fulton county. Three children
were the result of this union, one of whom died in infancy. Mrs*

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 361

Hainline departed this life February 24, 1874, her loss deeply felt
not only by the sorrowing husband and motherless children, but
by many friends. She was a woman of many excellent qualities
of head and heart, and would attract friends wherever her lot was
cast. In the sweet bye-and by she rests from her labors, while her
works do follow her.

It is needless to say that in politics Mr. Hainline isaRepublican
"of the strictest sect." It can well be said of him that the prin-
ciples of that party are "bred in the bone," his parents and all
bearing the name being of the same political persuasion. In June,
1870, he purchased a half interest in the Macomb Journal, the
leading paper of the city, and became associate editor. As a
local writer he ranks among the best in the State, and in the ad-
vocacy of his political views he never fails to make himself un-
derstood, and always takes advance ground upon all questions of
the day.

In addition to the office of County Treasurer, Mr. Hainliue has
held the office of Alderman of the First Ward, Macomb, for two
3~ears, and represented the city as a member of the Board of Su-
pervisors for three years. In the discharge of all his official
duties he labors faithfully to advance the best interests of his con-
stituents, being alive to all questions of public good. "While he
would practice strict economy in the management of public affairs,
he would not be niggardly in expenditures, knowing that it is
possible for public servants, as well as private individuals, to be
"penny wise and pound foolish."

William H. Haiuline is rather below medium height, quick in
motion, and is generally in the enjoyment of reasonably good
health. As a citizen he enjoys the respect and esteem of every
one, and as a friend and neighbor he is kind and benevolent, with
a heart open to hear the cries of the afflicted of earth. That he
is public spirited is proven by his acts and votes upon questions
that pertain to the general good of all.

WILLIAM HAMILTON.

Among the living pioneers of McDonough, few are more wide-
ly known than the one of whom we now write. William Hamil-
ton was born in Rock bridge county, Virginia, seven miles from
the great Xatural Bridge, in May, 1813. At his birth his father
was in comfortable circumstances, but shortly after lost all, when
he removed to Connersville, Indiana, where he engaged in farm-

362 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

ing, and where William was compelled to labor as early in life as
he could be of assistance. A few months attendance in the com-
mon schools in his native county, before removing to Indiana, was
all the educational advantages enjoyed by him, until after he
reached his majority, when he attended a country school for about
three months; therefore the success attending him in after life was
not due to any knowledge acquired from books, but from contin-
ual application to business and natural common sense.

When sixteen years of age, Mr. H. commenced to learn the
trade of blacksmith, which he followed some eighteen months,
when finding it did not agree with him, he went on a farm, which
business he afterwards followed until his retirement a lew years
ago. It was not until he was twenty-two years of age that he
was enabled to save anything from his labor. In the year 1835,
he hired oat at $12 per month, and in due time saved $100, which
afterwards served. as a basis for the accumulation of years. With
this sum of money, a horse and saddle, he came to Macomb, in
this count} 7 , arriving here on the sixteenth da}' of April, 1836
He at onced hired to Abner Walker, for $12 per month and board,
continuing with him for some time, and in February, 1836, pur-
chased the first piece of land he ever owned being the south west
quarter, section 2, 6 north, 2 west, where he so long made his
home.

On the twenty-ninth day of October, 1839, he was united in
marriage to Miss Lucy Cannon, near Macomb, in whose society
he has since spent thirty-eight years of his life. Six children has
the Lord given them, five yet living, who occupy useful positions
in society.

Mr. Hamilton has never held public office save that of school
director and road commissioner. Often has he been requested to
serve, but always refused. He cares nothing for the honors ob-
tained, and is content to fill an humble position in life. He has
always been a hard working man, and whatever of this world's
goods he possesses has been made by his own industry and the
practice of strict economy. When he first began life in this
county, the people were suffering the effects of the hard times
following the panic of 1837, and for years it was almost an impos-
ibility to btain sufficient money even to pay taxes. He informs
us that many times has he harnessed his team .before daylight,
and driving to Macomb, a distance of nine miles, proceeded to

363

"Wigwanf branch, some two or three miles west of town, hauling
in three loads of wood and returning home, all for 81.50. He has
killed his hogs, taken them to Xauvoo, spending three or four
days on the journey, and sold them tor SI. 50 per hundred pounds.

Notwithstanding the difficulties with which he had to con-
tend, he labored on, determined to succeed. One quality about
hirn is worthy of imitation by our young men he never contract-
ed a debt without knowing how and when it should be paid, and
never in all his life has he been unable to meet the demands
against him. For a number of years past he has made his motto,
"Pay as you go," and has contracted no debts of any kind, or for
any purpose. In 1864 he rented out his farm and removed to
Bushnell where he has since continued to reside. During the
first year of his stay in Bushnell he engaged in the grocery busi-
ness, believing that in his early life he had done enough hard work
to entitle him to have a little leisure as he passes along the latter
part of the journey of life.

In 1838 he united with the Cumberland Presbyterian Church,
in Walnut Grove, retaining his connection with that body until his
removal to Bushnell, when he received a letter, but has never
united with another congregation.

HOX. B. R. HAMPTOX.

Benjamin R. Hampton was born in "Warren county, Ohio, on
the twelfth day of April, 1821. His parents were Van C. and
Elizabeth (Randolph) Hampton, the former being a native of New
Jersey and the latter of Ohio. The elder Hampton was well
known throughout McDonough. county, having established and
for many years running the first woolen factory in the town of
Macomb, if not in the county. The early life of young Hampton
was spent in the country, and as soon as he arrived at an age in
which he was capable of doing work, he was placed in his father's
woolen factory. At this trade he labored for some years, or until
his removal to McDonough county, in 1840. In the public schools
of Miami county, Ohio, where his parents removed when he was
but a mere lad, he laid the foundation of a good practical educa-
tion.

Soon after his arrival in Macomb he entered the office of Hon.
Cyrus "Walker, one of the leading attorneys of the State, where he
read law for some two years, when he passed examination and

364 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

was admitted to the bar. In this profession he continued seven-
teen years, with some success, attaining a good reputation as a
legal adviser.

On the second day of April, 1845, be was united in marriage
with Miss Angeline E. Hail, daughter of D. Hail, Esq., Franklin,
Kentucky. Six children have been born unto them, three of whom
are living.

Mr. Hampton has always taken considerable interest in the
political affairs of the country, his first general experience being in
the campaign of 1840, when Gen. Harrison was elected President
of the United States. He espoused the principles of the old
"Whig party, and fought manfully for its success until it ceased to
exist, when he was one of the very first in this county to give
adhesion to the Republican party, with which he has since been
connected. In weakness or in strength, through evil or good
reports, he has labored earnestly and zealously for the welfare of
that party. In the fall of 1855 he became editor of the old Ma-
comb Enterprise, and in the summer of 1856, when John C.
Fremont received the nomination for President (the first candi-
date of the Republican party for that office), he placed his name
at the head of its columns ; and with great zeal advocated his
election. Without detracting in the least from others, we can
say that no man has done more or made greater sacrifices for the
success of the party. For some years he published the paper at
a loss, being compelled to draw from other resources means to
keep it alive. At this time the party was greatly in the minority,
but with faith that it would eventually succeed, he labored on,
witnessing its final triumph. He has on several occasions served
in public office, as Trustee of the town of Macomb, Justice of the
Peace, Supervisor and State Senator. He was a member of the
Board of Supervisors during the dark days of the rebellion, and
labored without avail to secure assistance from the Board for the
brave boys in blue and their suffering families left behind. For
this act he deserves great credit from that class who imperilled
their lives for the nation's safety. As a member of the State Sen-
ate he served four years, discharging his duties faithfully and to
the satisfaction of his constituents.

While in the Senate he was chairman of the committee which
prepared the present liquor law of the State. During the second
term he was chairman of the Republican caucus and chairman of

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 365

the committees on Expenses of the General Assembly and Miscel-
lany. He was also a member of the committees on Revision, Re-
formatory Institutions, Judicial Department, Apportionment,
Printing, Fees and Salaries, and Appropriations. He prepared
and introduced the bill by which the Revised Statutes of the
State were given to the people at a cost of only two dollars.

"\Vith the exception of a period between 1860-65 up to the year
1870, he had entire editorial control of the Macomb Journal.
During the latter year TV". H. Hainline became associated with
him. It now ranks with the best papers in the State and with a
circulation equal to any country paper published.

Shortly after the organization of the Christian Church in Ma-
comb Mr. Hampton united and has since held connection with
that body. In all the affairs of the congregation he has taken
great interest, and contributes liberally of his means to advance
the cause. As a friend and neighbor he is kind and benevolent,
always willing to aid a worthy person in every way in his power.
Aside from politics he is held in high esteem by every one, his
only enemies being those of a political nature. As a citizen he
is public spirited and advocates publicly and privately everything
having a tendency to advance the interests of his adopted county
and State.

RICHARD D. HAMMOND, M. D.

Among the prominent and successful physicians of this county
none are better known and enjoy more of the respect of the peo-
ple and the profession than Dr. R. D. Hammond, the son of Asa
and Sarah A. (Wilson) Hammond, who was born in Claiborne,
Monroe county, Alabama, on the twenty-fourth day of July, 1826.
The father of Dr. Hammond was a native of Massachusetts, while
the native state of his mother was Xorth Carolina. The elder
Hammon.d was an attorney of considerable note in his adopted
State of Alabama, enjoying a very large and lucrative practice
extending throughout its length and breadth.

The early life of Dr. Hammond was such as is common to every
boy in the land, and was passed in his native village and in at-
tendance upon the common schools of his native town. In 1840,
his father took him to Ohio, and in the following year, when but
fifteen years of age, he was entered as a student in the Marietta
College, Marietta, Ohio, from whence he graduated when nineteen,
receiving the decree of A. B.

366 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

After graduating he came to Illinois and located in Monmouth,
the county seat of Warren county, and some two years after en-
tered the office of Dr. Young, one of the best physicians of the
place, with whom he read medicine until the time arrived when
he should attend lectures. Choosing the Medical Department of
the University of Missouri, he entered the same, graduating with
honors in 1852. Returning home, he opened an office in the old
village of Greenbush, Warren county, where he remained one
year, obtaining a fair practice and much valuable experience. In
1853 he removed to Blandinsville, McDonough county, which
place he made his home until November, 1862, when he removed to
Macomb. In and around about Blandinsville he built up a large
and lucrative practice, and made many warm and staunch friends,
friends that felt grieved at his departure, and who were ready to
extend a welcome on his return. In Macomb he also met with
good success in his chosen profession, and for several years his
practice was equal, if not greater, than any physician in the county.
Failing health caused him to abandon his business for a short
time, and in company with Charles Chandler, Esq., of Macomb,
he spent a few months in traveling, principally in the South. On
returning home, he was urged by many of his old patrons in
Blandinsville and its vicinity to return to that place and resume
his practice. This he consented to do, and, May, 1875, be again
resumed his practice in that place. It required but a short time
to regain the large practice previously enjoyed while a citizen of
the town, and but for an unfortunate and serious accident, would
have exerted him to the utmost to attend to calls. On the
thirtieth day of April, 1876, he was thrown from his horse, receiv-
ing injuries of the spine, which prevented him from attending to
his duties a great part of his time. The doctor is now making a
specialty of the treatment of diseases by electricity, meeting with
uniformly good success.

On the twenty-fourth day of December, 1854, he was united in
marriage to Miss Louisa Bolles, by whom he has had nine chil-
dren, seven girls and two boys, all of whom are now living, save
the oldest daughter, who passed to her long home in the fall of
1874, where she awaits the coming of other loved ones, who, upon
this side the river, toil on, until in the grand reunion in the "sweet
by-and-bye."

Dr. Hammond is a man rather below the medium height, light
hair, full, flowing beard, high forehead, and of a kind and benev-

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 367

olent disposition. For a number of years he has been connected
\vlth the Congregational Church at Macomb, with which body he
yet holds membership, there being no church of that denomina-
tion in Blandiusville. Every one regards him with respect as a
man, and in the community in which he resides he wields consid-
erable influence.

DR. JOHN HARDESTY.

Few men that have lived in our county were more widely
known or more universally esteemed than the subject of this
sketch. John Hardesty was of Irish descent, his grandfather on
his father's side immigrating to this country prior to the revolu-
tionary war. His father, Charles Hardesty, was a soldier in the
Revolutionary war and likewise in the war of 1812, and bore an
honorable part in each of these great struggles. The patriotic
principles of the father were imbibed by the son, and have de-
scended to the present generation.

John Hardesty was born in Virginia May 13, 1793. His moth-
er's maiden name was JSTancy Fowler, her family being one of the
oldest in this State and having a number of representatives now
living in this county. During the early life of John he lived and
worked with his parents on a farm and in the common or sub-
scription schools of his time laid the foundation of an education
secured in after years -by self-application.

AVhen war with Great Britain was proclaimed in 1812, the
patriotic feeling inherited from his sire caused him to enroll his
name among his country's defenders, and, although young in
years, he went forth, and during the entire campaign bore himself
as become a hero and the son of one who, when the nation sought
its independence, was ready to do and to die for the accomplish-
ment of that end.

In May, 1811, Mr. Hardesty was united in marriage with Miss
Elizabeth Hungate, daughter of Col. John Hungate, of Ken-
tucky, by whom he had nine sons and three daughters, five of the
sons and two of the daughters yet living, and filling honorable
positions in society.

In 1818 Mr. Hardesty, with his family, left his Kentucky home
for Illinois, and for six years resided in Hamilton county, re-
moving from thence to Adams county, where he remained four
years, when he came to McDonough county, arriving here on the

368 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

third day of April, 1830, and securing for a home the southwest
quarter section 9, 7 north and 4 west, now Blandinsville town-
ship, in the neighborhood of the well-known "Job's settlement."
With the exception of some three years spent in Missouri, he
lived in this neighborhood until death called him away.

Mr. Hardesty came to this county before it was organized, and
at the first election was one of three elected to fill the office of
County Commissioner, to which office he was several times re-
elected. In the work of organization he showed good executive
abilities, and much credit is due him for the good work performed'
in placing McDonoagh in the front rank of the counties of the
State. As one of the County Commissioners, he assisted in laying
off the town of Macoinb.

While a citizen of Missouri, Mr. Hardesty studied medicine
with Dr. Johnson, of Savannah, in that State, and during his res-
idence there built up a large practice. On returning to McDon-
ough county he continued to practice for some years. In this
field of usefulness he achieved some success, bringing to bear
upon the discharge of the duties of his profession rare common
sense in the discernment of disease.

Dr. Hardesty was a heavy built man, full six feet in height, fair
complexion, and of a generous disposition. As a friend and neigh-
bor he was greatly esteemed, his willingness to accomodate being
proverbial. In the family circle, he was very strict, his word at
all times, being law, but his government was inspired by the law
of love, which in time begot love for himself in the hearts of his
children, and his memory is now held dear by every member of
the family remaining.

Dr. Hardesty was for many years a consistent member of the
Baptist Church, and in it held the office of deacon. His Christ-
ian duties he never neglected, and in the support of the gospel
was ever ready to do his part. The two great commandments of
love to God and love to man he held sacred, endeavoring to dis-
charge the obligations resting upon him arising from each.

Dr. Hardesty was called to his long home on the third day of
September, 1875, and was buried near Hillsborough Church, of
which body he had long been a member. Elder J. H. Delano, of
Blandinsville, delivered the funeral sermon, and his body was laid
away to await the summons on the resurrection morn. He died
as he had lived, in the full assurance of hope, at the ripe age of

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 369

eighty-two years. '-Blessed are the dead who die in the Lord,
yea and from henceforth they shall rest from their labors and
their works do follow them." Dr. Hardesty was buried by the
members of the Masonic order in this county, having been a
member of that order since 1812, a period of sixty-three years.
May he rest in peace, and may we emulate his good deeds.

WILLIAM C. MAINLINE.

There are many persons beariug the"name of Hainline in this
county, all universally respected and none more so than the sub-
ject of this sketch. Mr. Hainline came to this county in 1838 in
company with his parents, George and Flora (Cockrell) Hainline.
The elder Hainline was well known as a man of strong character,
a zealous member of the Cumberland Presbyterian Church, and
strict in the observance of such duties as he regarded right and
proper. He was born in Clark county, Kentucky, on the fourth
of June, 1791. His father, the grandfather of William, was one
of the pioneers of that State, having emigrated thereto with
Daniel Booue. Mrs. Haiuliue comes of a family somewhat noted
in the affairs of that State and in Missouri. Senator Cockrell of
the latter State being a relative. Mr. and Mrs. Hainliue were
united in marriage in 1812, the latter being at the time only six-
teen years of age. Eleven children were born unto them, seven
boys and four girls, all of whom lived to have families of their
own, and all immigrating with their parents to this State and
county. Four have since died. Mr. Hainline departed this life
in March, 1868, and was followed in October, 1870, by his loved
companion. Both died as they had lived, in the full assurance of
hope of a glorious life beyond the grave.

William C. Hainline was born in Montgomery county, Ken-
tucky, on the thirtieth day of May, 1823. His early life was
passed upon the farm in his native State and in this county,
where he arrived on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1838, and
settled with his parents on section 6, Emmett township. It may
be well to remark that the elder Hainline, the father of William,
while still a resident of Kentucky, was in good circumstances
financially, and would have never left his native State, had it not
been for the curse of slavery. He was a strong anti-slavery' man,
and we believe there are none of his descendants but what viewed
the question in the same light that he did. William remained at-
home with his parents some ten years after his arrival in Me-

370 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Donough county, when he purchased for himself a farm on section
15, Hire township, where he removed, and where he has since
continued to reside. For this farm he paid three dollars per acre.
It is now worth $60 per acre, and is one of the best in the county,
but when he moved upon it, it was wild prairie land and at some
distance from the dwelling of any one. Fears were entertained
by his friends that he would cut himself off from all social influ-
ence, and would never have any neighbors.

Without a dollar's aid from any one, he has by his own indus-
try and good management acquired considerable property, and is
to-day the possessor of five hundred acres of as fine land as we
have in the county. Mr. H. has followed no other business than
that of farming, having a taste for that alone. His health has
always been remarkably good, and for forty-four consecutive years
he has labored in the harvest field, beginning that work when only
ten years of age. He has never had to keep his bed twenty-four
hours at one time in his life from sickness that he can remember.
Such good health is unusual.

In 1849 Mr. Hainline was married to Miss Elizabeth Logan,
daughter of the well known pioneer Baptist preacher, Elder John
Logan. She was the second white female child born in the
county. Ten children have been born unto them, and all living,
save two. Each of their children were born in the house in which
they now reside. The oldest son is a physician, who now lives in
Missouri.

During the days of the old Whig party Mr. Hainline was a
strong supporter of its men and measures, but since the organiza-
tion of the Republican party, he has been one of its most earnest
and zealous advocates. The strong anti-slavery views of his
father found a response in his breast, and the principles of that
party were such as to command his sympathy and support. Al-
though he takes no very active part in the work of the party, yet
no man in the county feels a greater interest in its success. The
annual elections always find him at the polls, and it is his boast that
he has never scratched a ticket. He has never held office of any
kind, nor has ever desired one.

For thirty years he has resided in the same neighborhood, and
in that time has never had a quarrel, a law suit or trouble of any
kind with any one. He attends strictly to his own affairs and al-

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 371

lows others the same privilege. Xo one possesses a kinder heart
and none are more accommodating; he is always willing and
ready to render a favor, even at a sacrifice to himself,

AVilliam C. Ilainline is in height about five feet ten inches, and
weighs about one hundred and seventy pounds; his complexion is
rather dark than otherwise.

WESLEY HARLAX.

In the fall of 1834 AVesley Harlan left Kentucky, his native
State, and with his family settled in Schuyler county, this State,
where he remained some eighteen months, when, desiring a bet-
ter location, he came to McDonough county and upon section one,
Industry township, erected his cabin, improved his quarter and
reared a large and influential family. At that time this portion
of the county was thinly settled, and Mr. Harlan, contrary to
the advice of friends, settled upon the prairie about one mile
from the timber. By this action he was supposed to be deranged
in mind, lor without timber how could one live, what would he
do for fencing, fuel, etc. ? This question Mr. Harlan proposed
should be answered in the future and we now know he was right
in his calculations.

AVesley Harlan was born in Barren count}', Kentucky, Februa-
ry 3, 1805. His parents were Jacob and Sarah (Combs) Harlan, na-
tives of the State of Virginia, who had emigrated to Kentucky at
an early day. The early life ot Mr. Harlan was without any partic-
ular incident, and in the way of education, the common schools af-
forded all the knowledge received by him. In his youth he developed
a taste for mechanical labor and in manhood this taste was exer-
cised to a considerable degree. Though never being apprenticed,
or taking a regular course to learn any trade, he acquired a knowl-
edge of many by self-application. As will be readily understood by
our older readers, the service of such a man in a newly settled
country would be greatly in demand, and often has Mr. H. been
required to leave his own work that he might assist a neighbor
out of a difficulty, in which skill was required. Whether in build-
ing or repairing a wagon, erecting a cabin, or making a plow, he
could turn his hand to either with equal facility. Shortly after
his arrival in the county he erected a horse mill near his residence,
which was extensively patronized by farmers thoughout McDon-
ough and adjoining counties. At that time there were no steam
mills in the countrv, and when the streams were low, water mills

372

would occasionally quit running, causing the horse mills to have
quite an extensive run of custom. All persons having grain to
grind were compelled to furnish their own horses to run the mill,
each await his turn to be served. Although the mill had a good
run, yet its receipts were not large, on an average not over fiity
cents a day. '

On the second day of November, 1826, Mr. Har]an was mar-
ried to Miss Nancy Greenup in Monroe county, Kentucky, ten
children resulting from the union five sons and five daughters, all
of whom are now living, save James W., who died in the service
of his country during the late rebellion as a member of the 10th
Missouri regiment.

The members of the family now living are George T., who re-
sides on the south half of section 31, JSTew Salem township, and
of whom mention is made elsewhere in these sketches, Wm. M.,
Marcus L., Lorenzo I)., Margaret, wife of S. F. Hammer, who
owns and resides upon the old homestead; Rebecca, wife of Elihu
Stockton of Eldorado township; Hulda, wife of Daniel Wooley,
of Crawford county, Kansas; Eliza, wife of Samnel Kyle of Kan-
sas, and Chloe, wife of Frank Hall, Mound township. Mrs. Har-
lan died on the twenty-fourth of March, 1864, and on the fourth
of December, 1867, Mr. Harlan was again married, this time to
Mary Osborne, with whom he happily lived until parted by
death. She resides with her step-daughter, Mrs. Hall.

Wesley Harlan for over forty years was a consistent member of
the M. E. Church, and in the Master's work had great delight,
especially in singing the songs of praise. He for many years con-
ducted the musical part of the exercises of the Lord's house in his
own congregation. In his death the church lost a valuable mem-
ber and an efficient worker.

Ii? politics Mr. Harlan was originally a Whig, and on the or-
ganization of the^Republican party gave adhesion to its principles,
notwithstanding he was from a slave state and the principles of
that party antagonistic to all his previous teachings. He was
very fi^m in his views, and did not fear to express his sentiments
upon all occasions. Wesley Harlan was fully six feet in height,
slender built and of a robust constitution. He was naturally very
spry and always, walked with a quick motion. In the govern-
ment of his family he was mild, but always exacted obedience.
As a friend and neighbor, he was kind and obliging. His death
occurred on the seventeenth day of January, 1874.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 373

GEORGE TAYLOR HARLAN.

In the sketches of leading citizens of our county, we give prom-
inent lawyers, prominent merchants, prominent mechanics, and
prominent farmers, and in this latter class may well be placed he
one of whom we now write, who, though not born in the county, has
spent almost his entire life here, and is well known to all our older
citizens. His father, Wesley Harlan, was also well known to
every one throughout the whole county, and in the early day the
old horse mill, owned by him, received patronage from all parts
of this and adjoining counties. His mother was j^ancy (Greenup)
Harlan, a sister of "Uncle Johnny Greenup," another of the old
pioneers, and one well known to every citizen of the county. His
parents were married in Kentucky, from whence they came to
Schuyler county, in this State, where they remained a short time,
coming from that county to McDonough in the fall of 1834, set-
tling on section 1, Industry township, where they remained until
the day of their death.

George Taylor Harlan was born in Monroe county, Kentucky, on
the twenty-ninth day of December, 1827, and when only seven years
of age was brought to this county, where his entire life has since
been spent. When old enough to attend to the duties, he was
put in charge of the old horse mill, previously spoken of, and for
years waited upon the customers, measuring out the toll received
in payment for grinding. This old mill was a noted institution in its
day, and when the water in the streams was low, and grinding
could not be done by the mills situated thereon, it was taxed to
its utmost capacity, and day and night was kept busy.

In youth George was a quiet, steady lad, always standing well
with his neighbors. As the opportunity offered, he attended the
common schools of the neighborhood, obtaining therein a fair
English education.

On the twenty-fifth day of December, 1856, he was united in
marriage to Miss Talitha C. Yocum, daughter of the old pioneer
and well-known citizen, Major Stephen Yocum, by whom he has
had eleven children, seven of whom are yet living. The family
are yet living upon the farm to which the young couple removed
when first married, but the number of acres have increased until
they number more than a half section ; the little frame house
"just big enough for two, you know," has given place to one of
H 24

374 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

the neatest and best farm houses in New Salem township, with
room enough to entertain a score of friends, whom they number
by hundreds. The situation of their house could not be improved,
and its entire surroundings betoken the good taste of the master
and mistress of the mansion. The farm is also one of the best in
the entire township, every rod of it under cultivation, and all well
improved. The entire surroundings of the place show careful
management, there being no plows, harrows or reapers laying
around exposed to the rain and rust, but all carefully housed and
cared for until time to be used. We herein see the secret of his
success. Starting in life without capital, with only a pair of stout
hands and a willing heart, we see him to-day one of the foremost
farmers in his section of country, with a farm of some hundreds of
acres of the finest land in the county or State all the result of
his own labor, aided by a true helpmeet in his wife.

Mr. Harlan has never held a public office, but it is not on ac-
count of a lack of confidence shown in him by his friends, but for
the reason that he has never aspired to any official station, being
content to occupy an humble position in society, surrounded by
his wife, children and friends. He is a man that enjoys the con-
fidence and respect of all his acquaintances, and no one stands
higher in the community than he. In the family circle he is kind
and pleasant, having the love of the entire household. He has
never, we believe, made a profession of religion, but is in every
respect a strictly moral man, observing the golden rule, " Do unto
others as you would others should do unto you." No man can
truly charge him with obtaining any of his goods by deceit or
through unfair dealings.

Mr. Harlan is about five feet ten inches in height, slimly built,
but of considerably physical endurance, and will doubtless live to
a ripe old age.

HON. HUMPHREY IIORRABIN.

As an illustration of what young men can do for themselves
even when opportunities for improvements are indeed meager, we
would call attention to the following sketch of Hon. Humphrey
Horrabin, of Blandinsville, township. Mr. Horrabin was born in
Allerton, near Liverpool, England, on the fifteenth of December,
1846. His parents, James and Frances (Sharpless) Horrabin, were
poor in this world's goods, and gave him the opportunity to at-
tend the subscription school of his native country only a few

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 375

months. But he was instructed well in the doctrines of the church,
its discipline, etc. In 1820, when thirteen years of age, he
was bound an apprentice to learn the trade of shoemaker, the time
of his service to be seven years. Completing the required time as
an apprentice, he continued at the trade as a journeyman until his
removal to this country and for ten years thereafter.

On the third day of October, 1836, he was married to Miss
Elizabeth Smalley, of England, by whom he had six children,
only one of whom is now living. Mrs. Horrabin died at her home
near Blandinsville, on the twenty-fifth of July, 1870, in the full
assurance of faith, having been a servant of Christ for many
years as a zealous member of the Methodist Episcopal church.
After working at hia trade in the old country for eighteen
years, Mr. Horrabin was forced to the conclusion that no
opportunity was offered there, even to the most industrious, for
any very rapid advancement, and turning his eyes towards the new
world he determined on emigrating and endeavoring to build up
a name and home for himself and family. In the spring of 1847
he sailed for America, and in due time arrived in S"ew Orleans,
from which place he proceeded to Lewistown, Fulton county, Illi-
nois. Here he engaged as a journeyman, and as such worked
for some months. In coming to this country he had not the
means to bring his family, therefore it was his first thought to ac-
cumulate money enough to send for them. In order to do this,he
thought best to only draw so much of his wages per week as
would be necessary for his individual wants, and leave the balance
until it should be sufficient for his purpose. When the sum had
reached two hundred dollars he concluded to draw it, but on call-
ing for it he was informed by the firm they could not pay as they
were bankrupt. This was a sad blow to him. After working hard
for months and stinting himself in the enjoyments of the many com-
forts of this life, to be deprived of all his hard earnings and the
privilege of again beholding his family for many months. lie was
now thrown out of employment, but right here, when all seemed
dark to him, a ray of light appeared, and he thanked God he was
now in a Christian land, and, though the ties of kindred bound
them not together, a better principle than all prevailed love to
thy neighbor. Leading citizens of the place came to his assist-
ance, purchasing for him a stock of leather, tools, etc., and giving
him his own time to pay. He was thus enabled to go on, and

376 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

soon had the satisfaction of gathering around him his loved fam-
ily. These "Good Samaritans" of Lewis! own will always hold a
warm place in his heart.

Mr. Horrahin remained in Lewistown five years, when, think-
ing to better himself, he purchased of Charles Chandler, Esq., of
Macomb, the southeast quarter of section 14, Blandinsville town-
ship, where he yet resides. He paid for the quarter $300, and has
since repeatedly refused $10,000 for it. "Without any previous ex-
perience in farm life he began its improvement, and to-day has
one of the best farms in the county. In 1859, becoming somewhat
pressed financially by the failure of many of the banks of the
country, and in order to relieve himself the more speedily, he
rented his farm, and moving into Tennessee, this county, he again
returned to his trade which he continued for five years, at the ex-
piration of which time he returned to the farm. While in Ten-
nessee the dark war clouds hovered over the country, and upon
the side of the Union Mr. H. arrayed himself, and on account of
the expression of his sentiments he was cordially hated by those
opposed to the war. The firm stand taken by him during these
trying times secured tor him the warm and earnest support of his
Republican friends and in the County Convention in 1868, he re-
ceived the nomination for Representative to the General Assem-
bly, to which position he was triumphantly elected, and where he
served with honor to himself and constituents.

Mr. Horrabin, since his thirteenth year has been a member of
the M. E. Church, and with that body of earnest Christian work-
ers, he has labored for many years, taking an active part in all
church and Sunday school work. He is likewise a strong temper-
ance man.

In 1872, he concluded once more to visit his aged mother and
the scenes of his childhood. The visit was a pleasant one, the
memory of which will never be forgotten. While there he made
the acquaintance of Miss Mary Ockleshaw, whom he prevailed to
accompany him home as a bride. Their union has been blessed
with one child.

HON. JOHN HUSTON.

An old pioneer, well beloved by all who were acquainted with
him (and their names are legion), was John Huston, of Blandins-
ville township one who, in the early history of the county, took
an active part in its organization, and who filled several important

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 377

positions of trust, but of whom it can well be said, " the office
sought the man and not the man the office."

John Huston was born near Sparta, White county, Tennessee,
May 17, 1808. His parents were Walter and !S~ancy (Bradshaw)
Huston, the former being a Virginian by birth and the latter a
Kentuckiau. Both were hard-working, industrious people, poor
in this world's goods, and therefore the advantages afforded their
children were but few to attain anything like a fair education. The
subject of this sketch had only a limited knowledge of his mother
tongue, together with the sciences taught in the schools of the day,
having the opportunity of attending only such schools as gave in-
struction in the simple rudiments of the language; but, as will be
observed by readers of this sketch, the little knowledge obtained,
combined with rare good sense and judgment, enabled him to
make his way in the world with honor to himself and credit to
those whom he represented in the councils of his adopted State
and county.

Before reaching his majority, Mr. Huston led to the marriage
altar Miss Ann Melvin, with whom he happily lived until separ-
ated by death. They were married in his native county, on the
second day of October, 1828, and twelve days thereafter the young
couple, with all their worldly goods, departed for the great West,
intending to make Illinois, with its beautiful prairies and grand
groves, their home for the future. On the eleventh day of Xo-
vember, 1828, they arrived in Morgan county, where they remained
some sixteen months, when they came to this county, arriving
liere on the fourteenth day of March, 1830. When they arrived
in the county, all they possessed of worldly property was one
horse, an old-fashioned one-horse cart, a few household goods and
fifty cents in money. Selecting their claim, a log house was
erected, into which the family moved. There being no door cut,
a log was removed, and all crawled in. This was the beginning of
their life in McDonough county, and dreary enough must it have
been. Well might they sigh for the comforts of the old home.
But in the hearts of each there were no feelings of despondency,
but a resolute determination, with the aid of the Great Ruler of
the universe, to succeed in life, to secure homes for themselves and
children. In time their labors were blessed, and their most san-
guine anticipations realized.

378 HISTORY OF M'DQNOUGH COUNTY.

When Mr. Huston arrived in the county it was unorganized,
and in the work of organization which occurred some months
after, he bore an honorable part, and was elected the first Treas-
urer of the county, which office he held but a few months, the du-
ties requiring his presence in Macomb, and therefore could not be
attended to by him, without the loss of more time than he could
spare from his private affairs. It must be borne in mind the pay
attached to the office then was not what it is at present, therefore
the work performed was purely one of love and not for any pe-
cuniary considerations. Other offices of minor importance were
thrust upon him, offices filled to the satisfaction of those by
whom he was elected. As previously remarked, he never sought
office at any time in his life, his personal feelings requiring to be
sacrificed in accepting public position, but in 1847, he received
the nomination of his party for member of the Constitutional Con-
vention called for the purpose of amending the Constitution of
the State, and was triumphantly elected. His services in that body
were such as to secure his nomination in 1850, for the office of
Representative in the General Assembly. Being elected thereto
he served his time and again was re-nominated in 1852, but was
defeated on local grounds. I!N"O member from this county ever
served more acceptably than he, and the services of none have
ever been more highly appreciated. He was no orator, never hav-
ing given any special attention to public speaking, the labors of
life being in tilling the soil, and whatever talent he may have had
for oratory was never cultivated. He was a man of but few words,
but all that were said were direct to the point, the meaning be-
ing plain and manifest to all. Common sense was characteristic of
the man in all that he said or done. In politics he was a Demo-
crat of the Jackson school, but his politics never interfered with
the discharge of his duties as a public officer, and other qualities
of the man of which mention is made further on in this sketch
endeared him to many outside of his own party, securing him
many votes belonging to the opposition.

When Mr. Huston settled on section 3 there were only about
six or eight families in the neighborhood, and probably not more
than twenty-five in the whole county. The first winter passed in
his new home was the one in which occurred the ever memorable
and never to be forgotten big snow, of which mention is frequently
made in this work. The hardships endured by the family were

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 379

such as were common of all, serving to strengthen them for the
trials that should come after.

Shortly after his removal to the county, Mr. Huston became a
disciple of Christ, uniting with and forming one of the original
members in the organization of the old Liberty Christian Church,
near the present town of Blaudinsville. It is the unanimous ver-
dict of all who were intimate with his daily walk and conversa-
tion that no man ever lived nearer the foot of the cross than he,
none more closely followed the example and teachings of " Him
who went about doing good." " Pure religion and undefiled be-
fore God, the Father," he practiced daily in his life. " Thou
shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart, and all thy mind,
and thy neighbor as thy self," was exemplified in all that he said
and done, and the memory of no man is held in more grateful re-
membrance by the thousands of persons throughout McDonough
and surrounding counties who were recipients of and cognizant of
the favors bestowed. Pure benevolence was a part of his nature,
and all the good deeds performed by him are known only to the
great I Am and the recording angel who makes record of the ac-
tions of all. Many instances can we recall to mind of the good
deeds performed by him that the recipients speak of with grateful
hearts, but which otherwise have never been' known. It is said
that to accommodate another poor in this world's goods, often has
he taken from the plow a horse that he was using and give to
him, going out and purchasing another for himself. In the settle-
ment of his estate, after death, his executor has remarked that day
after day parties would come in acknowledging indebtedness to
him of which no account had been made, it being presumable that
he had sold them the property which they had acknowledged their
indebtedness with the thought, if paid, all right, if not, it was all
right any how. He never sued a party in his life, nor ever was
sued by another. He would rather suffer wrong than do aught
that would directly or indirectly injure another. Such was the
man John Huston.

Mr. Huston was the father of eight children, seven boys and
one girl, the latter being now the wife of Strawther Givens, Esq.,
of Abingdon, 111. Of the boys, it can be said, all now living oc-
cupy honorable positions in society, two having been called to
their reward.

380 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

John Huston departed this life on the eighth day of July, 1854,
being forty-six years and two months old. His loss was deeply
felt by friends throughout the whole State, arid his memory is yet
held in grateful remembrance, and will be while the life of those
living who were intimate with him shall last.

CHARLES R. HUME.

Charles R. Hume was born in Delaware county, !N". Y., on the
first day of January, 1814, and is the third of a family of ten, five
of whom were sons and five daughters. His parents were Robert
and Catherine (Rose) Hume, the father being by birth Scotch,
while his mother was born in Delaware county, IN". Y., but of
Scottish descent. His father was brought by his parents to this
country when but seven years of age, and returned to Scotland on
a visit when nineteen, remaining there some two years, when he
again crossed the waters to America and settled in his former
home, embarking in the mercantile trade. He died in 1858, leav-
ing a fair amount of property to each of his children, and to his
loved companion, who yet remains upon this side of the river.
One son became an eminent clergyman, and was for a number of
years missionary in India, and died while returning home. His
remains lie sunk beneath the waters of the great ocean. Another
occupied an honorable position at the bar in California.

Charles R., the subject of our present sketch, has had a varied
experience in life, spending the first fourteen years with his par-
ents upon the farm and in attendance upon the public schools of
his native county. When he reached the age of fourteen he was
sent to Jefferson Academy in Snachwine county, JS r . Y., where
he remained between three and four years, going from thence to
New York city, where he clerked in a wholesale dry goods store
until the spring of 1837, when he came to this State, purchasing
two quarters of land in Hire township, this county. While com-
ing up the Mississippi river, the boat blew up, injuring quite a
number on board, but he luckily escaped unhurt.

After purchasing the two-quarters in Hire township, he went to
Indiana, where his parents were then residing, remaining there
until the following spring, when, purchasing a large amount of
supplies, he returned to this county and settled upon his land. His
presence was regarded with suspicion by the settlers in that neigh-
borhood, who were composed principally of emigrants from Ken-

381

tucky and Tennessee, and who hated a Yankee with a righteous
hatred, and looked upon all persons as Yankees who were born
north of Mason's and Dixon's line. He was ordered to leave, but,
with the perverseness of the Scotch and " easy-go-care " of the
Yankee, " reckoned as how he wouldn't go." And he did not,
but remained at his post and conquered the prejudices of all
against the race, or at least with respect to himself.

The life of a farmer not proving attractive to him, he only re-
mained upon the farm two years, and when the town of Blan-
dinsville was laid off, in company with Joseph C. Blandin, he
erected a store-building and opened the first store in the place.
This he followed, in connection with milling, until the breaking
out of the Mexican war, when he enlisted in Captain Stapp's
Company of Illinois mounted men, but was never sent to the front,
being placed on detached service as recruiting officer, with head-
quarters at Jefferson Barracks, near St. Louis. In this capacity
he continued until the close of the war, being mustered out at St.
Louis, July 3, 1848.

On his return from St. Louis he again embarked in the mer-
cantile trade, continuing in it until the spring of 1852, when he
went to California, remaining there some three years, during which
time, in the town of Placerville, he read law with his brother
John. Returning to Blandinsville in 1855, he continued to read
until the following year, when he was admitted to the bar, having
passed the examination required by law. Up to the present time
he has continued to practice his profession, his principal business
being confined t'o collections and criminal law. In collection, he
is Xo. 1.

lu political life Mr. Hume has always been active, in the old
"Whig days being a member of that grand old party. When the
Republican party was organized he identified himself with it, con-
tinuing steadfast in its principles to the present time. Although
living in a strong Democratic township he has been frequently
honored by his friends and neighbors with public office. He was
for nearly four years Associate Justice of the County Court of
McDonough county, resigning a few months before the expiration
of his term to go to California. He has also been notary public
for rnaoy years, and has never in a single instancee been beaten
for office, save in 1858 for Representative in the Illinois Legisla-
ture, before the Republican party had come into the ascendancy.

382 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

He was one of only three men to vote the Republican ticket in
the town of Blandinsville in 1856. For nearly twenty years he
has held the office of Justice of the Peace in that village.

Mr. Hume had a hand in settling the Mormon difficulties in
this county and State, and was one of the number to escort the
last remnant of the "Saints" across the Mississippi river.

When the war broke out in 1861, Mr. Hume embraced the cause
of the Union with his whole soul, and while at Macomb, hearing
the remark made that the citizens of his town were all rebels, he
stated that he would prove the falsity of the charge by returning
home at once and within one month reporting to Gov. Yateswith
as brave a company ot loyal soldiers as ever charged upon the
enemy. The company was raised within the time specified, and
its history (that of Co. C, 78th Ills. Vol.,) is written in blood upon
history's page. On the first day of September, 1862, Mr. H. re-
ceived his commission and was mustered into the service of the
United States as captain of Co. C, serving as such until December
18, 1864, when he was mustered out on account of disability. In
December, 1862, he was captured by the rebel General Morgan,
and paroled upon the battle-field, but not exchanged until Septem-
ber, 1863. "While under parole he was stationed at Benton Bar-
racks, near St. Louis, and placed in command of the Second
Battalion Illinois Paroled men, and was also made judge advocate
on general court-martials. The most important battle in which
he was engaged was Mission Ridge ; after which battle he was in
the forced march to East Tennessee to relieve Gen. Burnside. He
participated in many skirmishes, and was on detailed service much
of his time.

On the twenty-ninth day of May, 1889, he was united in mar-
riage with Miss Harriet L. Blandin, daughter of Joseph L. Blan-
din, the founder of the town of Blandinsville, by whom he had
two children, one son and one daughter. The daughter is now the
wife of Joseph Edel, Esq., proprietor of the Edel House, and a for-
mer member of the llth Illinois Cavalry, of which "Bob" Inger-
soll was colonel. The son, R. "W. Hume, was also a member of
the llth Illinois Cavalry, joining the service when but seventeen
years of age, and serving faithfully until the close of the war, be-
ing mustered out as orderly sergeant. Since coming here he has
held the office of postmaster, and for some years engaged in the
drug and hardware business.

383

Captain Hume is of medium height, well built, and when
' vouug must have been quite stout and very active. He wears full
ii beard, which is quite gray.

As a citizen and neighbor he has always stood well, enjoying
1 the respect and confidence of all alike, Such is Captain Charles
R. Hume.

JAMES IRWIX.

The subject of our present sketch is a native of the State of
Ohio, having been born in Knox county, of that commonwealth,
on the fifth day of September, 1814. His father, James Irwin,Sr.,
was a native of New Jersey, while his mother, Susan (Holt) Irwin,
was born in Pennsylvania. They were in very moderate circum-
stances at the time of the birth of James, who, when but five years
of age, was sent to a common district school, remaining there
until old enough to become useful on a farm, when he was given
his daily task with the rest of the family. "When sixteen years of
age he was apprenticed to learn the trade of a carpenter, which
business he afterward followed for twenty-five years, endeavoring,
as a mechanic, to do his duty in a manner to receive the approval
of those for whom he labored. "When sent from home to learn
his trade, his parents charged him to be careful not to drink too
I much liquor, as it might be injurious to him. At this time it was
customary for nearly every one to drink, teetotalers being " like
'angel's visits, few and far between." James had an uncle, an old
> revolutionary soldier, who received a pension from the govern-
Ement, the amount being annually paid him. On receiving it, this
uncle would invest a goodly share of it in whisky, enough to last
him until the next pay day, storing the same away in his cellar,
and frequently imbibing thereof. The habit had so grown on him
that his friends became alarmed, and hence the anxiety of James'
'parents, and the advice given. Mind you, they did not advise
him to abstain from drink, but not to drink too much. A little
was often thought to be necessary for the bodily health of the in-
dividual, and St. Paul, good man, advised Timothy to use a little
wine for his stomach's sake, and surely we are not better than
Paul. About a year after he left home, an opportunity was af-
forded him of listening to a temperance lecture, and such an im-
pression was made upon his mind that he determined to sign the
pledge, which he did, faithfully keeping it to the present time,
reasoning that if he did not drink at all he would never be in any

384 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

danger of violating the promise given his parents, " not to drink
too much." This first pledge was only to abstain from the use of
whisky, the milder drinks of wine, beer and cider were not then
supposed to be injurious.

On the thirteenth day of August, 1835, at Mt. Vernon, Ohio, he
led to the marriage altar, Miss Elizabeth Smith, and for forty-two
years they have traveled the journey of life together, having been
blessed with three children, two of whom are now living, the other
having passed on to that "home beyond the rolling river,"
where it awaits the grand re-union which shall take place in
the "sweet bye-and-bye."

In 1842, he espoused the anti-slavery cause, and for thirty
years, until the question ceased to be one of national importance,
he was an earnest advocate of the principles pertaining to the
abolition of slavery and the enfranchisement of the enslaved race.
It must be remembered at the time he took his stand upon the
side of freedom, the measure was not popular in this country, and
even in the boasted free states of the nation, an abolitionist was re-
garded as an unfit associate of decent people. "No one could ad-
vocate the measures of that party without doing so at the risk of
his life ; he was liable to receive the attack of an angry mob, his
property destroyed, and either to be driven from his home or suffer
death. On more than one occasion was the home of 3r. Irwin
attacked, the lights in the windows broken out, and the life of his
dear wife and little ones endangered by those who professed to be
over virtuous and the salt of the earth. In passing along the
streets he has been pelted with rotten eggs and other missiles in
the name of constitutional liberty. All this is hard for the pre-
sent generation to realize.

In April, 1850, he came to this State, settling in Vermont, Ful-
ton county, where he worked at his trade for about five years.
He then engaged in the mercantile trade for about four years,
changing the same for that of a miller, purchasing a half interest
in the East mill, which business he followed for four years more,
when he purchased a farm on section 16, Eldorado township, Mc-
Donough county, where he has since continued to reside, except
when attending to his official duties in Macomb.

In 1872 he was elected Supervisor for Eldorado township and
re-elected in 1873. During this year the "farmer's movement"
under the name of the "Anti-monopoly Party," had attained con-

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 385

siderable prominence in this county, as elsewhere, and coinciding
with the views of that party he was urged by his friends to per-
mit the use of his name on the ticket, and consenting, he was nom-
inated to the office of County Judge and elected by a handsome
majority. He has now held the position for four years, discharg-
ingjthe duties of the office to the satisfaction of all having busi-
ness to transact with him. Although not having the advantage
of a law education, he is possessed of a good degree of common
sense, which enables him to render 11 just and true decision.

In 1840 Judge Irwin made a profession of religion, uniting
with the Congregational Church, in Mt. Vernon, Ohio, remaining
in connection therewith until his removal to Illinois in 1850, eight
years of the time holding the office of deacon. When he arrived
in Vermont he found no church of that persuasion, and therefore
united with the Presbyterian Church in that village, as one hold-
ing views nearly similar to the church of his choice. For eight
years he served in the office of elder in that body. He is now a
member of the Congregational Church in Macomb, having united
with that body since his election to public office, the duties of
which require his presence so much of his time in that city. So
far as we are enabled to observe, he is a devoted Christian man,
having the welfare of his Masters cause at heart, and one that
never shirks labor in the Lord's vineyard. The Sunday school
cause finds in him an earnest advocate, and few Sabbaths ever
pass without finding him in his accustomed place in the school.
If not at home, some school in the neighborhood of the place of
his sojourn has the benefit of his presence. He was for several
years Vice President of the County Association, and organized
the first township convention in Eldorado. The present efficient
schools of the township are in a great measure due to him, he
having infused life into many of the lukewarm Christians of that
neighborhood. Age does not seem to lessen his ardor or devotion
to the cause.

Although not possessed of a large amount of wealth, he has
amassed sufficient of this world's goods to enable him, with his
family, to live in a comfortable manner, and every dollar was ob-
tained in a straightforward, legitimate way, by honest toil and
strict economy.

Judge Irwin is a tall, athletic-looking man, and in his younger
days must have possessed considerable strength and endurance.

386 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

That he has a mind and will of his own, his devotion to the cause
of freedom, temperance and religion will testify. No coward can
can be a consistent advocate of either of these great principles.
As a husband and father, he is kind and gentle ; as a friend and
neighbor, he is beloved ; as a citizen, he enjoys the respect of all
who know him. May success crown all his efforts for good in the
future as in the past.

REV. JOSEPH L. KIRKPATRICK.

In our county there are yet living many old pioneers worthy of
the name, men and women who have toiled long and endured
much suffering in the past, but who, in the providence of God, are
permitted to witness and enjoy some of the fruits of their labor.
Few men now living in the State have witnessed more changes,
or had a more eventful life-history, than Joseph Lane Kirkpatrick,
who was born three miles south of Edwardsville, Madison county,
Illinois, on the twenty-second day ot April, 1803, fifteen years
before the admission of Illinois as a State, and even before its ter-
ritorial organization. His parents were Thomas and Polly (Lane)
Kirkpatrick, both natives of Georgia, who emigrated to the wilds
of Illinois some two years previous, in order, if possible, to better
their condition in life, the opportunities for acquiring wealth or
honors in their native State being poor, indeed. The elder Kirk-
patrick was a man of considerable note in his day. He was a
member of the constitutional convention in 1817, and was instru-
mental in the preparation of the first constitution of the State. In
1826 he was offered the position of circuit clerk of Madison county,
but, on account of private duties, declined the honor. He was for
some years county judge of Madison county.

The old log school-house, with its slab seats, puncheon floors,
and window lights of greased paper, was the only institution of
learning that Joseph ever attended; but, poor as were the school
facilities afforded, he there laid the foundation of an education
which in after years served as a basis for more extensive reading
and the application of the knowledge gained to the proclamation
of the gospel of Christ.

The same general traits of character exhibited in manhood were
shown while a mere boy and in youth. He was kind, pleasant and
agreeable in his intercourse with his companions, and ever ready
to do a good deed. In the care of brothers and sisters younger
than himself, he was ever watchful. An incident happened when

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 387

he was only eight years of age that is indelibly impressed upon
his mind. While playing upon the bank of a stream with two
brothers, one older and one younger than himself, the younger fell
into the water, which at that place was very deep. The elder
brother waded in, and was carried down the stream to the oppo-
site side and drowned. The younger, by some means, floated
upon the water, and was carried down the stream, which being
observed by Joseph, he hurried down a few yards where the water
was shallow, pulled him out upon the shore, and thus saved his
life. This brother is yet living, and a citizen of Adams county,
Illinois.

AVhcn only eleven years of age he made a profession of religion
and united with the M. E. church, retaining his connection there-
with until the present time ; and among this zealous and God-fear-
ing people he has faithfully labored for many years, and, in the
hands of God has been instrumental in the salvation of many
souls. In 1832 he was licensed by the quarterly conference, at
Jacksonville, as a local preacher, continuing this relation for six
years, when he joined the traveling connection, being appointed to
the Fort Madison, Iowa, circuit. A short time after entering
upon this field of labor, he was ordained Deacon by Bishop Soule.
As such he served for two years, when he was ordained Elder by
Bishop Wah. Elder Kirkpatrick has done a great deal of itine-
rant work, and his labors have heen blessed of God. He was the
first traveling preacher in Iowa City ; traveled seven years in the
State of Iowa, and was then transferred to the Xortheru, now Cen-
tral Illinois Conference, of which body he is yet a member. At
present he is a superannuated minister, being too old for the
regular work, but he is by no means idle. Frequently he is called
upon by the Presiding Elder, and other ministers, to fill their ap-
pointments, which is done to the satisfaction of those who are per-
mitted to attend his services. In the evangelical field he has la-
bored considerably, and in protracted efforts he has been eminent-
ly successful. Being a plain, practical speaker, with a heart full
of love to God and humanity, he presents the truths of the gospel
in such a manner as to carry conviction to the hearts of his hear-
ers. In the Sabbath School work he has likewise manifested in-
terest, but the nature of his work has usually been such as to pre-
vent him being so active in that department as in others. Realiz-
ing now the magnitude of the Sunday School, his prayers ever go

388 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

up for those laboring in that part of the Lord's vineyard. In the
temperance cause he has always been enlisted, and as opportunity
afforded he has spoken upon this important subject.

Some years before he entered upon the ministry, Elder Kirk-
patrick was united in marriage with Miss Meriel K. Pratt, in
Sangamon county, Illinois. Six children did the Lord give unto
them, four sons and two daughters, three sons and one daughter
yet residing upon this side of the river, the others having passed
on before.

The wife of Elder Kirkpatrick has indeed been a "help-meet"
unto him. While he was away proclaiming the unsearchable
riches of Christ, Mrs. Kirkpatrick took upon herself the manage-
ment of a large farm, and for many years had full charge of every-
thing connected with that work, even when the Elder was at
home. That her management was eminently satisfactory will be
admitted when we take into consideration the accumulation of
property which they now enjoy.

The recollection of the Elder of events transpiring in the early
day is remarkably good. When but three years of age, he was
sent to school, and in this year (1806) occurred an eclipse of the
sun, the remembrance of which is still vividly impressed upon his
mind. Another event was the murder of a family of eight per-
sons by the Indians, which occurred about eight miles from his
father's house, in 1811. An earthquake also occurred in this year,
or the following one, which shook the houses for miles around.
But time would fail us to record the many scenes which he has
passed through. If we but think that only three years of the
present century had passed, and fifteen years before Illinois was
admitted to the Union, when he was born, and that all the re-
markable events which have since occurred he has been an eye wit-
ness, or been cognizant of, we can realize something of his life
history. The war of 1812, the Mexican war, the war of the rebel-
lion, the invention of the steamboat, the railroad car, the tele-
graph, the steam printing press, all these within his recollection.
In the war of the rebellion Mr. Kirkpatrick sent two sons, As-
bury and William B., who served with honor to themselves and
their country. They were engaged in several of the most im-
portant battles of the war. ]STo more loyal man or stronger Re-
publican ever lived than Elder J. L. Kirkpatrick. At the age of
seventy-four he is yet in the enjoyment of good health, and that

HISTORY OF IC'DONOUGH COUNTY. 389

he may live many more years, and when called to his home in the
sweet by-and-bye, may he receive one of the brightest crowns.
Of his good wife, who, as we have remarked, has been truly a
" help-meet " to him during the long years of their married life,
may her end be peace and joy, and as she passes away may she
receive the welcome announcement, " Well done, good and faith-
ful servant, enter thou into the joys of thy Lord."

H 5

390 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

CHAPTER XXXI.

POLITICAL.

Politically, McDonough county has always been classed among
the close or doubtful counties, neither party having sufficient
strength at any time to claim it with certainty. For the first ten
years of its existence party lines were not drawn, the citizens of
the county exercising the rights of the elective franchise as each
thought best for his own interest, or the interest of the country.
The anti-Clay party, in general elections, always carried the day,
but in local elections the best men were generally selected, regard-
less of whether they favored the one party or the other. In the
selection of County Commissioners locality had more to do than
anything else; the county being divided into three districts each
one desired to be represented.

1830-39. We have no record of a party caucus or convention
being held previous to 1840, unless it might be said that a meet-
ing held in Middletown in 1838, by the Democrats, in which an
effort was made to concentrate their votes on Jesse ]STeece, one of
their candidates for Sheriff, could be called one. At this elec-
tion there were five candidates for the office of Sheriff', three
Democrats and two Whigs, and at this meeting in Middletown it
was hoped to effect an arrangement by which Mr. ^Teece could
get the combined party strength. The effort failed. The Whigs
generally concentrated on William H. Randolph, one of their can-
didates, and he also being personally popular was elected, the
first Whig ever elected to office in the county.

1840. Both the Democratic and Whig parties held regular
conventions, and nominated straight tickets, the first regular party
conventions ever held in the county. This was the year of the
"hard cider campaign," one of the most exciting political cam-
paigns in the history of this country. Mass meetings were held,

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY 391

ID which the old log cabin, representing the lowly origin of the
Whig candidate for President, Gen. William H. Harrison, was car-
ried around, and hard cider flowed like water. The same general
interest and excitement that prevailed elsewhere, were exhibited
here. Large gatherings of both parties were held in various parts
of the county, and party feeling ran high. The Whigs, on the
fourth of July, held a mass meeting and barbecue in Macomb,
and the Democrats denounced the act as a desecration of the
day, and a blight settling afterwards upon the grove in which
the meeting was held, was said by them to be a judgment of the
Almighty against their proceedings. The "Whigs charged the
Democrats with being likewise guily of a desecration of the day,
if it could be so called, in holding a public meeting in the vicinity
of Spring Creek. In justice to the Democrats, we must say that
they vehemently denied its being a political gathering, but only
a meeting for the proper celebration of the nation's birthday.
After a most* exciting time, the Whigs carried the county by ma-
jorities ranging from twenty-live to forty-five Colonel W. "W.
Bailey, candidate for the Legislature, receiving the former ma-
jority, and General Harrison the latter. Among the incidents
related of this campaign, was one of John Gibson, who lived near
Middletown. He was a strong Democrat, but had formerly been
a soldier under General Harrison, and had the utmost respect for
the old warrior. Though he would not vote for his old general,
he allowed no one to speak evil of him in his presence, and would
get fighting mad if any one dared to do so, and shaking his fist
in the face of the of the offender, he would say : "Sonny, don't
say that ; if you do, I will hit you."

1842. The Whigs again carried the county, electing their
whole ticket, by majorities ranging from sixteen to twenty-two,
with the exception of Coroner, Charles Chandler being beaten by
Benjamin B. Head twenty-two votes.

1843. The tide now turned, and the Democracy carried the
county by majorities ranging from eleven to one hundred and forty-
five, excepting on County Treasurer, Iverson LATwyman, Whig,
being elected over Jesse M. Chapman, the Democratic candidate,
one hundred and seventeen votes. The cause of the latter's defeat
was attributed to his being a minister of the gospel, there being a
prejudice in the minds of many against voting for one of his class
for an office. At this election the interest all centered in the can-

392

didates for Congress, Hon. Cyras Walker, Whig, and Hon. James
P. Hoge, Democrat. Mr. Walker at this time was living in Ma-
comb, and had a practice which extended over the whole north-
western part of the State and in Iowa. It was no doubt against
his will that he accepted the nomination for Congress, he refusing
the proffered honor time and again. As mentioned in another
part of this work, the Mormons had settled in large numbers in the
adjoining county of Hancock, and now held the balance of power
in this Congressional District. In order, therefore, to secure vic-
tory, it was necessary to secure the Mormon vote. Mr. Walker,
having on one or two occasions served very successfully as counsel
for Joe Smith, the Mormon prophet, was considered by the Whigs
the most available man they could present to catch this vote; that
with him as a leader, they would, without doubt, secure the votes
of the Mormons, and thus carry- the district.

Joe Smith, the prophet, and George Smith, a leading bishop in
the church, formerly an elder in the Presbyterian Church at Ma-
comb, and well known to Mr. Walker, both wrote, urging him to
become a candidate and pledging him the Mormon vote. Thus
solicited, Mr. W. became a candidate and entered into the canvass
with his whole soul, traveling through the district and speaking
night and day as opportunity offered. In the meantime the Dem-
ocrats were not idle, and were not disposed to give up the Mor-
mon vote without a struggle. Some time before the canvass com-
menced, Joe Smith was arrested on a requisition from the Gov-
ernor of Missouri and delivered to the agent from that State.
The writ was returned satisfied. Before getting the prisoner out
of the State, however, he was released on a writ of habeas corpus
issued by some Mormon justice in ^auvoo, allowable through
some peculiar construction of the charter of that city.

After losing their man, the Missouri officers immediately ap-
plied to Gov. Ford, of this State, to renew the writ and send a
force of militia to execute it. Mr. Walker went to Springfield to
resist the application, and the governor for certain reasons refused
to give his opinion in the case.* The Democratic managers had
in this fact a weapon they used in an effectual manner to terrify
the Mormons with the idea that if they voted for the Whig can-
didate the militia would be brought against them. Backinstos, a
leading Democrat in Hancock county, went to Springfield, and

= :: Sce Ford's History, p. 316.

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 393

Governor Ford being absent, a leading Democrat in that city, in
his name, gave a promise that if the Mormons voted the Demo-
cratic ticket, the militia should not be used against them. They
now resolved to drop Walker and take up Hoge.f

On Saturday before the election, Hiram Smith, brother of Joe,
in a public address delivered in Nauvoo, told the Mormons that
the Lord had revealed to him that if they voted against Hoge* a
greater curse would befall them than befell them in Missouri;
therefore, "when the Lord speaks, let men obey." Word was
sent Mr. Walker a few days before this that the Mormons would
probably forsake him, and he at once went to Nauvoo and sought
out Joe Smith for an explanation. He was present when Hiram
delivered his address, and was very indignant over the matter.
Joe Smith, likewise, appeared to be very angry with Hiram, and
told Mr. Walker he would yet make it all right with him, and
that he himself the next day (Sunday) would speak to the people
in his favor. Agreeable to his promise, he spoke for about an
hour, eulogizing Mr. Walker very highly, declaring that he was
no politician, but an honest man ; denounced those who should
consult the Lord as to how they should vote, and declared that if
any should do it, he should be cut off from salvation ; said he
should vote for his friend Mr. Walker. But in his hour's speech
one thing was noticed : that notwithstanding the strong terms in
which he denounced those who should consult the Lord as to how
they should vote, he said : "Brother Hiram is the elder brother;"
"Brother Hiram never has deceived this people ;" "Brother Hiram
loves this people ;" "When the Lord commands, the people must
obey." The next day Joe did vote for Mr. Walker, but the bal-
ance of the Mormons voted for Mr. Hoge, and elected him, as the
Lord had commanded.* In this county, and in other counties in
the district, Walker was denounced by some of the Whigs for
trying to get the Mormon vote, and it is said he lost as many of
their votes on this account as would have elected him. A good
story is related at Mr. Walker's expense in reference to this mat-
ter. On returning home from ^"auvoo, the day after the election,
he was met just west of the square, on Jackson street, Macomb, by
some of his friends, who were anxious to learn the result of the
election. "Well, Mr. Walker," said one, "how is it going?" "I
am beat," said he. "Why, how is that?" "0, the Lord spoke to

fSee Ford, p. 317.

*Hawkins Taylor, in Carthage Gazette, January 5, 1876.

394 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

Hiram Smith, and the Mormons all voted the Democratic ticket.' 7
John Long, a Scotch Democrat, overhearing the latter's remark,
spoke up : "Look here, Mr. Walker, don't you know that when-
ever the Lord speaks He always speaks Democratic ?" Not deign-
ing a reply, Mr. Walker gave his horse a cut and rode off.

1844. At the August election the Whigs carried the county by
a small majority, except on Congressman and State Senator,
while in November James K. Polk, Democratic candidate for
President, received a majority of five votes over Henry Clay,
Whig. In the November election about two hundred less votes
were polled than in August, showing but little interest, caused,
doubtless, by a general apprehension that the State would be
Democratic anyhow.

1845. A light vote was polled, politics not seeming to enter
into the canvass at all. Robert Bean was elected County Commis-
sioner, Charles Chandler School Commissioner, and W. W. Clay-
ton Coroner.

1846. For State officers the Democrats carried the county by a
small majority, while the Whigs elected the county officers by
majorities ranging from thirty-three to ninety-five, showing per-
sonal popularity of their nominees. William H. Randolph was
elected to the Legislature and David Lawson, Sheriff.

1847. County officers equally divided. At a special elec-
tion in April the Democrats elected their candidates for mem-
bers of the Constitutional Convention, sending James M. Camp-
bell and John Huston. Isaac Grantham was elected County
Clerk and Joel Pennington Commissioner, both Democrats.

1848. The Whigs were again victorious. Zachary Taylor beat-
ing Lewis Cass 23 votes. In county officers the Democracy suc-
ceeded in electing two of their candidates, Samuel Calvin being
elected County Commissioner over Man kin Champion, and John
P. Head, Coroner, without any regular opposition.

1849. We find the Democrats again in power, carrying the
counties by majorities ranging from 23 to 92. John 0. C. Wilson,
Whig candidate for School Commissioner, was elected without
opposition.

1850. The Democracy still victorious; majorities ranging from
5 to 136.

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY, 395

1851. The Whigs carried the Treasurer and School Commis-
sioner, while the Democrats elected their candidate for Surveyor
without opposition.

1852. As a national party, the Whigs made their last great
effort for control of affairs in the nation, nominating General Win-
field Scott, a hero in the Mexican war. They made a strenuous
effort to secure his election. In this county the excitement ran
pretty high, and a full vote was cast at the election, the Whigs
carrying it by majorities ranging from 1 to 87 Scott having a
majority of 2.

1853. The Democracy again came to the front, electing their
candidates by from 60 to 81 majority.

1854. This was the last year the Whig party put forth candi-
dates for office. In this election they were again unsuccessful.
As a national party, it was considered as good as dead, and there-
fore, even in this county, where the chance of success was as good
as that of the opposition, they could awaken no enthusiasm. The
Democrats carried the county by majorities ranging from 24
to 142, with the exception of the member of the legislature,
L. H. Waters (Whig), being elected over John E. Jackson by a
majority of one vote. Mr. Waters ran not only as a Whig candi-
date, but as a Temperance candidate, doubtless receiving some
few votes from Democrats who were favorable to the Maine liquor
law, an effort being made to secure the passage in this State of a
similar law. Mr. Jackson, believing fraud had been perpetrated
on the part of the opposition, notified Mr. Waters that he should
contest the election ; and the latter, feeling that the question could
best be settled by appealing again to the people, sent in his resig-
nation to the governor, who accepted it and issued an rder for a
new election on Saturday, December 30. Both parties, metaphor-
ically speaking, again stripped themselves for the contest, and the
battle was warm, indeed, resulting in the election of Mr. Waters
by a majority of nineteen votes.

1855. The Democracy this year had things all their own way,
no opposition being made. The "Know Nothing," or American
party, which was then said to be secretly organizing, probably had
not yet sufficient strength to manifest itself.

1856. On the death of the Whig party, there sprang up two
parties, neither of which could really claim to possess any of
the vital principles that gave power to the old party. The Ameri-

396 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

can party, believing the country in danger by the influx of for-
eigners and the alarming growth of the Roman Catholic power,
emblazoned on their banners, " Americans must rule America ;"
"Put none but Americans on guard." Republicans plead for
" Equal rights to all : free press and free speech." The American
party made very rapid growth in many of the States, particularly
in the South, while the Republican party only secured a foothold
in the North, its principles being deemed antagonistic to some of
the peculiar institutions of the South. In 1 856 we find both these
parties in this county in very considerable numbers, each striving
for power, and both battling against a common enemy, the Demo-
cratic party. A partial alliance was formed between them for the
purpose of securing local offices. The American party, though
outnumbering the Republican, was at a disadvantage, having no
newspaper organ through which to express its views. In the Con-
gressional District, of which McDonough county formed a part,
in consequence of a vacancy existing, two candidates were nomi-
nated for the long and short term, and it was generally agreed be-
tween the two parties that if the Americans would vote for Jack-
son Grimshaw, the Republican candidate for the long term, the
Republicans would vote for Dr. J. B. Kyle, the American candi-
date for the short term. As will be observed by reference to the
official vote recorded elsewhere, the arrangement was pretty gener-
rally carried out. For ceunty offices the Americans made no
nominations, it being understood the Republican candidates were
not objectionable to them. See table for the general result of the
election.

1857. The American party showed no signs of life, and the
Republicans only polled about the same vote as the year previous,
thus giving the county to the Democrats by a large majority.

1858. By reference to the vote, it would seem the Republican
party now embraced about all the membership of the old Amer-
ican party, only losing the election by an average majority of 200.

1859. From the returns for this year, it appears that the Dem-
ocrats only polled about three-fourths their regular vote, and the
Republicans about one-half, showing considerable apathy on the
part of both parties. The Democratic majorities were from 480
to 566.

1860. We now come to the memorable campaign of 1860, one
during which there was intense excitement throughout the country,

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. o97

not equalled even by the hard cider contest of 1840. The two
favorite sons of Illinois were now rival candidates for the Presi-
dency, and such an effort was put forth by the friends of each to
carry the State as was never witnessed before or since. This
county, being exceedingly close, was made a battle ground. Some
of the best speakers in the State, of both parties, were sent here ;
monster meetings were held by each ; the "Wide-awakes" and
"Hickory Boys" were out in force, and immense efforts were put
forth to influence votes. Both State and County tickets, of each
of the parties, were claimed to be unexceptionable. A vast
amount of money was spent ; and the final result was, the Repub-
licans carried the county by majorities ranging from 11 to 127,
though losing it on the Presidential vote, Douglas carrying it over
Lincoln by 11 votes. John Bell, the Union candidate for presi-
dent, received 62 votes and John C. Breckinridge 6. A larger
vote was polled at this election than ever before, and the charge
of fraud was made by both parties, each against the other, with
what truth has really never been determined, and probably never
will be.

1861-64. During the next four years, viz., in 1861, 1862, 1863,
and 1864, the Democrats had everything their own way, carry-
ing the county generally by very respectable majorities, save in
the year 1864, when the vote was very close, the Republicans suc-
ceeding in electing their candidate for Sheriff' by a majority of
five, the Democrats carrying the rest of their ticket by an average
majority of about twenty-five.

1865. This year the Republicans made a great effort to wrest
the county from the control of the Democracy, and succeeded in
electing their ticket by majorities ranging from 8 to 112.

1866. The effort made in 1865 was continued this year, when
the county went Republican by the largest majority ever obtained.
The smallest majority received by any one of their candidates
was 290 and the largest 424.

1867. The Democrats again succeeded in electing their county
ticket, their candidate for Treasurer receiving a majority of 17
and Surveyor 123.

1868. U. S. Grant carried the county by two hundred and
fourteen votes over Horatio Seymour, and the State and county
Republican tickets obtained from one hundred and fifty-four to

398 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

two hundred and fifteen majority. Considerable interest was man-
ifested by both parties, and a thorough canvass was made by each.

1869. Again the Democracy came to the front, electing their
entire ticket by majorities all the way from seventeen to one hun-
dred and seventy-three.

1870. The Democracy again in front, electing their candidates
by majorities ranging from ninety-seven to one hundred and six-
ty-two.

1871. Considerable scratching this year, the Republican candi-
date for Treasurer running behind his ticket.

1872. The Democracy of the country united with the Liberal
Republicans and nominated Horace Greeley for President. This
nomination was endorsed by the Democracy of this county, the
great mass of the party heartily supporting the ticket, though
there were a few who did not support Greeley, as will be seen by
reference to the returns. Grant's majority in the county was 197,
while the State ticket of the Republicans only received an aver-
age majority of about eighty-eight. The personal popularity of
the Republican candidates for local offices, caused them to run
ahead of their ticket, I. 1ST. Pearson receiving a majority of 275
votes, and Samuel Frost 244.

1873. This year the opposition to Republicans called them-
selves Anti-Monopolists, and, by uniting the entire Democratic
strength with the votes of such Republicans who were Grangers
or Anti-Monopolists, succeeded in electing their entire ticket by
majorities ranging from 172 to 226.

1874. This year there was a triangular fight, three parties be-
ing in the field Democratic, Republican and Independent, the or-
ganization known as the Anti-Monopoly party having been aban-
doned or merged into the Independent. About seven-eighths of
the regular vote ot the county was polled, the Republicans being
successful over both the other parties.

1875. This year but little interest was manifested, there again
being three tickets in the field, and the opposition to the Republi-
cans having little hope, in their divided state, of being successful,
but a small vote was polled, the Republican candidates receiving
a majority over both.

1876. Success in various States for two years gave the Democ-
racy increased hope of again coming to the front. We find them

HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY. 399

this year thoroughly re-organized, and under the old party name.
Certain abuses in the administration of the civil service of the
country, gave the party a chance to demand a change, and under
the cry of "Reform," they went into the canvass with a determina-
tion to win. In this county there were again three tickets, the In-
dependent party making their fight upon the financial question.
The local tickets of all parties were unexceptionable, and, on per-
sonal grounds each tried to obtain votes. The principal candi-
dates for local office ran ahead of their tickets in their respective
towns, which certainly speaks well for them.

"With this, the political history of the county is brought down to
the present time, and by reference to the returns given below, it
will be seen how close has been the result year by year. In conse-
quence of this closeness the canvass has usually been very warm,
and as a general thing men of unexceptionable personal character
have been nominated, each party trusting the personal popularity
of its nominees will increase their vote. It has been well for our
county that such has been the case, as it has had a tendency to
make each more watchful of the interests of the people, and not
so much that of party.

Below will be found a carefully compiled record of election re-
turns for each year since the organization of the county:

GOVERNOR. Vote. Majority.

William Kinney 56 49

John Reynolds 7

REPRESENTATIVE.

Benjamin V. Geel 45 26

Joel Wright 19

SHERIFF.

William Southward 28 1

William Garret '11

Peter Bilyer 8

CORONER.

Isaac Barrett 41 19

John Seward 23

1831. CONGRESS

James Gurney (long term) 142 126

Sydney Breese (long term) 16

Joseph Duncan (short term) 140 124

E. Coles (.short term) 16

1832. PRESIDENT.

Andrew Jackson 128 107

Henry Clay 21

GOVERNOR.

Joseph Duncan 1S7 117

William Kinney 70

Joseph McLaughlin 47

STATE SENATOR.

G. W P. McMackville 183 67

Wm. Chapman 116

400 HISTORY OF M'DONOUGH COUNTY.

1834. Vote. Majority.

CONGRESS.

WilliamS. May 229 161

Benjamin Mills 68

REPRESENTATIVE.

William Edmondson 239 159

Peter Butler 80

1835. ' CIRCUIT CLERK.

James M. Campbell 304 204

Thompson Chandler 100

COUNTY SURVEYOR.

C. W. Bacon 175 17

W. W. Bailey 74

A. Mayfield 158

1836. PRESIDENT.

Martin VanBuren 159 35

William H. Harrison 124

CONGRESS.

William L. May 303 103

John G. Stuart 200

1837. . PROBATE JUSTICE.

William Willis, Dem 176

Peachy Gilmore, Dem 183 7

Richards. Lowe, Whig 83

Henry H. Hardin, Whig 51

CORONER.

John P. Head, Dem 238 87

John L. Russell, Whig 151

Robert L. Russell, Dem 6

COUNTY TREASURER.

Benjamin Naylor, Whig (no opposition) 394

CIRCUIT CLERK.

James M. Campbell, Dem. (no opposition) 439

1838. GOVERNOR.

Cyrus Edwards, Whig 332

Thomas Carlin, Dem 3S2 -50

CONGRESS.

Stephen A. Douglas, Dem 365

JohnG. Stuart,;\Vhig 866 1

STATE SENATOR.

Thomas H. Owens, Dem.... 342

Sydney H. Little, Whig 368 26

SHERIFF.

W. H. Randolph (no opposition)

CORONER.

Caleb G. Overton (no opposition)

1839. COUNTY CLERK.

James M. Campbell, Dem 51]

Isaac Grantham, Whig 223

PROBATE JUSTICE.

James Clarke, Dem 415

William Willis, Whig .' !!!!!!!!.~""!.7.""!I 297

COUNTY. COMMISSIONER.

James Edmonston, Dem 391

Caville Archer, Whig ......./.V.".V/.7/V//."V.V.*.V. 306

COUNTY SURVEYOR.

Samuel A. Hunt, Dem 488

Newton W. Chase, Whig 15->

C. L, Overton, Whig I!'.""'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'. 99

COUNTY TREASURER.

Jessie M. Chapman Dem 341

CharlesM. Bartleson, Whig 128

Benjamin T. Naylor, Whig 186

HISTORY OF M'DOXOUGH COUNTY. 401

1840. PRESIDENT. Vote. Majority.

William H. Harrison, Whig 472 ' 45

Martin Van Buren, Dem 427

REPRESENTATIVE.

William W. Bailey, Whig 497 28

William Edmouston, Dem 469

SHERIFF.

William H. Randolph, Whig 536 196

John W. Westfall, Dem ?40

John H. Westfall, Dem 97

CORONER.

Benjamin B. Head, Dem 299 121

Benjamin Head, jjem 163

C. L. Overtoil, Whig 178

Scattering 72

1841. CONGRESS.

John T. Stuart, Whig 430 3

John H. Ralston, Dem 427

SCHOOL COMMISSIONER.

Isaac Grantham, Dem 427 78

Benjamin T. Naylor, Whig 359

1S42. GOVERNOR.

Joseph Duncan. Whig 506 19

Thomas Ford, Dem 487

REPRESENTATIVE.

HughErvin. Whig 488 22

Harvey F. Chase, Dem 466

SHERIFF.

William H. Randolph. Whig 500 16

Jonathan H. Baker, Dem 484

COUNTY COMMISSIONER.

Isaac G. Smith, Whig 489 14

Joel Penniugton, Dem 475

CORONER.

Charles Chandler. Whig 437

Benjamin B. Head, Dem 459 22

1843. CONGRESS.

Joseph P. Hoge. Dem 537 39

Cyrus Walker, Whig 498

COUNTY CLERK.

James M. Campbell, Dem 522 11

John Fletcher, Whig oil

RECORDER.

William T. Head, Dem 569 90

William Y. Head,